,transcrib$ f ! #ahhd ,trubn] ,co4 edition by ,david ,price1 email ccx#jgdpglaf4org ,,selections ,,f ,,previ\s ,,works ,,) ,,rem>ks ,,on ,,mr4 ,g4 ,j4 ,,romanes' ,,m5tal ,,evolution ,,9 ,,animals ,,& ,a ,,psalm ,,( ,,montreal ,,by ,,samuel ,,butl] ,! c\rse ( true sci5ce1 l t ( true love1 nev] did run smoo?4 ,,pr(essor ,,tyndall1 ,pall ,mall ,gazette1 ,oct #cj1 #ahhc4 7,,op4 #g7 ,,london ,,trubn] ,,co41 ,,ludgate ,,hill #ahhd ,all rights res]v$ ,ballantyne ,press ,,ballantyne1 ,,hanson ,,& ,,co4 ,,ed9burgh ,,& ,,london ,,preface4 ,i delay$ ^! pages "s weeks 9 ord] to give ,mr4 ,romanes an opportunity ( expla9+ 8 /atem5t t ,canon ,k+sley wrote ab\t in/9ct & inh]it$ memory 9 ,nature1 ,jan4 #ah1 #ahfg4 iii ,i wrote to ! ,a!naeum 7,jan4 #bf1 #ahhd7 & po9t$ out t ,nature did n beg9 to appe> till ne>ly ?ree ye>s aft] ! date giv5 by ,mr4 ,romanes1 & t !re 0 no?+ f ,canon ,k+sley on ! subject ( in/9ct & inh]it$ memory 9 any numb] ( ,nature up to ! date ( ,canon ,k+sley's dea?4 ,i also ask$ = ! correct ref]5ce4 ,?is ,mr4 ,romanes has n ?\ght x incumb5t ^u him to give4 ,i am told ,i ought n to h expect$ him to give x1 inasmu* z x is no long] usual = m5 ( any b ! l[e/ sci5tific /&+ to correct _! mis/atem5ts :5 !y are br\ght to book4 ,sci5ce is made = ,fell[s ( ! ,royal ,society1 & = no "o else1 n ,fell[s ( ! ,royal ,society = sci5ce2 & if ! hav+ a*iev$ a c]ta9 position %\ld /ill involve be+ oblig$ to be z scrupul\s & accurate z o!r p1 :at is ! good ( ! position8 ,?is view ( ! matt] is practical1 b ,i regret t ,mr4 ,romanes %\ld h tak5 x1 = 8 hav+ done s has prev5t$ my be+ able to tell ! read] :at ,canon ,k+sley said ab\t memory & in/9ct1 & ?is he might h be5 glad to "k4 ,i suspect1 h[ev]1 t :at ,canon ,k+sley said 0 aft] all n v important4 ,if x _h be51 ,mr4 ,romanes w\ld h probably told u :at x 0 9 8 own book4 ,i %\ld ?9k x possible t ,mr4 ,romanes--n f9d+ ,canon ,k+sley's words important en\gh to be quot$1 or ev5 ref]r$ to correctly1 or nev] hav+ se5 !m himself & n kn[+ exactly :at !y 71 yet be+ anxi\s to give e "o1 & m p>ticul>ly ,canon ,k+sley1 8 due--felt t ?is 0 an occasion on :i* he might fairly take advantage ( 8 position & say at l>ge :atev] he 0 9 ! hum\r = say+ at ! mom5t4 ,i %\ld n h ?\ght ?is possible if ,i _h n ere n[ _h reason to set ,mr4 ,romanes d[n z "o :o 0 n likely to be squeami% ab\t trifles4 ,nev]!less1 on ?is pres5t occasion ,i c]ta9ly did ?9k t he _h only made a slip su* z we all make sometimes1 & su* z he w\ld gladly take ! e>lie/ opportunity to correct4 ,z x is1 ,i d n "k :at to ?9k1 except t ,d4,c4,l4's & ,f4,r4,s4's seem to be made ( mu* ! same frail mat]ials z we ord9>y mortals are4 ,z reg>ds ! extracts f my previ\s books giv5 9 ?is volume1 ,i %\ld say t ,i h revis$ & correct$ ! orig9al text ?r\gh\t1 & introduc$ a s5t5ce or two "h & !re1 b h n[h]e made any important alt]ation4 ,i regret greatly t want ( space has prev5t$ me f be+ able to give ! *apt]s f ,life & ,habit on ,! ,abeyance ( ,memory1 & ,:at we %\ld expect to f9d if ,diff]5tiations ( ,/ructure & ,in/9ct are ma9ly due to ,memory2 x is 9 ^! *apt]s t an explanation ( _m ph5om5a is giv51 ( :i*1 s f> z ,i "k1 no explanation ( any k9d _h be5 previ\sly attempt$1 & 9 :i* ph5om5a hav+ app>5tly s little connection z ! /]ility ( hybrids1 ! pr9ciple und]ly+ longevity1 ! resumption ( f]al *>act]i/ics1 ! /]ility ( _m animals "u conf9em5t1 are n only made intelligible b are %[n to be all "p & p>cel ( ! same /ory--all be+ explicable z soon z ,memory is made ! ma9 factor ( h]$ity4 ,feb4 #af1 #ahhd4 ,,selections ,,f ,,ere:on4 #a ,,curr5t ,,op9ions4 7,,*apt] ,x4 ,,( ,,ere:on47 ,?is is :at ,i ga!r$4 ,t 9 t c\ntry if a man falls into ill heal?1 or cat*es any disord]1 or fails bodily 9 any way be=e he is sev5ty ye>s old1 he is tri$ be=e a jury ( 8 c\ntrym51 & if convict$ is held up to public scorn & s5t5c$ m or less sev]ely z ! case may be4 ,!re are subdivisions ( illnesses into crimes & misdemean\rs z ) (f5ces among/ ourselves--a man be+ puni%$ v heavily = s]i\s illness1 :ile failure ( eyes or he>+ 9 "o ov] sixty-five :o has _h good heal? hi!rto is dealt ) by f9e only1 or imprisonm5t 9 default ( paym5t4 ,b if a man =ges a *eque1 sets 8 h\se on fire1 robs ) viol5ce f ! p]son1 or does any o!r su* ?+s z are crim9al 9 our own c\ntry1 he is ei!r tak5 to a hospital & mo/ c>efully t5d$ at ! public exp5se1 or if he is 9 good circum/ances1 he lets x be kn[n to all 8 fri5ds t he is suff]+ f a sev]e fit ( immorality1 j z we d :5 we are ill1 & !y come & visit him ) great solicitude1 & inquire ) int]e/ h[ x all came ab\t1 :at symptoms fir/ %[$ !mselves1 & s =?1--que/ions :i* he w answ] ) p]fect unres]ve2 = bad conduct1 ?\gh consid]$ no less deplorable ?an illness ) ourselves1 & z unque/ionably indicat+ some?+ wrong ) ! individual :o misbehaves1 is nev]!less held to be ! result ( ei!r pre-natal or po/-natal mis=tune4 ,i %\ld add t "u c]ta9 circum/ances pov]ty & ill luck are also consid]$ crim9al4 ,accord+ly1 !re exi/s a class ( m5 tra9$ 9 s\l-craft1 :om !y call /raight5]s1 z ne>ly z ,i c translate a ^w :i* lit]ally means "o :o b5de? back ! crook$4 ,^! m5 practise mu* z m$ical m5 9 ,engl&1 & receive a quasi-surreptiti\s fee on e visit4 ,!y are treat$ ) ! same unres]ve & obey$ j z readily z our own doctors--t is to say1 on ! :ole suffici5tly--because p "k t x is _! int]e/ to get well z soon z !y c1 & t !y w n be sc\t$ z !y w\ld be if _! bodies 7 out ( ord]1 ev5 ?\gh !y may h to und]go a v pa9ful c\rse ( treatm5t4 ,:5 ,i say t !y w n be sc\t$1 ,i d n mean t an ,ere:onian (f5d] w suff] no social inconv5i5ce4 ,fri5ds w fall away f him because ( 8 be+ less pleasant company1 j z we ourselves are discl9$ to make companions ( ^? :o are ei!r poor or poorly4 ,no "o ) a due s5se ( self-respect w place himself on an equality 9 ! matt] ( affection ) ^? :o are less lucky ?an himself 9 bir?1 heal?1 money1 good looks1 capacity1 or any?+ else4 ,inde$1 t dislike & ev5 disgu/ %\ld be felt by ! =tunate = ! un=tunate1 or at any rate = ^? :o h be5 discov]$ to h met ) any ( ! m s]i\s & less famili> mis=tunes1 is n only natural1 b desirable = any society1 :e!r ( man or brute2 :at progress ei!r ( body or s\l _h be5 o!rwise possible8 ,! fact !re=e t ! ,ere:onians atta* none ( t guilt to crime :i* !y d to physical ailm5ts1 does n prev5t ! m selfi% among !m f neglect+ a fri5d :o has robb$ a bank1 = in/ance1 till he has fully recov]$2 b x does prev5t !m f ev5 ?9k+ ( treat+ crim9als ) t contemptu\s tone :i* w\ld seem to say1 ,i1 if ,i 7 y1 %\ld be a bett] man ?an y are1 a tone :i* is held q reasonable 9 reg>d to physical ailm5t4 ,h5ce1 ?\gh !y conceal ill heal? by e k9d ( cunn+1 !y are q op5 ab\t ev5 ! mo/ flagrant m5tal diseases1 %\ld !y happ5 to exi/1 :i* to d ! p ju/ice is n (t54 ,inde$1 !re are "s :o1 s to speak1 are spiritual valetud9>ians1 & :o make !mselves exce$+ly ridicul\s by _! n]v\s supposition t !y are wick$1 :ile !y are v tol]able p all ! "t4 ,?is h[ev] is exceptional2 & on ! :ole !y use mu* ! same res]ve or unres]ve ab\t ! /ate ( _! moral welf>e z we d ab\t our heal?4 ,x has foll[$ t all ! ord9>y greet+s among ourselves1 su* z1 ,h[ d y d8 & ! l1 are consid]$ signs ( gross ill-bre$+2 nor d ! polit] classes tol]ate ev5 su* a common complim5t>y rem>k z tell+ a man t he 0 look+ well4 ,!y salute ea* o!r )1 ,i hope y are good ?is morn+2 or ,i hope y h recov]$ f ! snappi%ness f :i* y 7 suff]+ :5 ,i la/ saw y2 & if ! p]son salut$ has n be5 good1 or is /ill snappi%1 he says s1 & is condol$ ) accord+ly4 ,nay1 ! /raight5]s h gone s f> z to give names f ! hypo!tical language 7z taught at ! ,colleges ( ,unreason7 to all kn[n =ms ( m5tal indisposition1 & h classifi$ !m accord+ to a sy/em ( _! own1 :i*1 ?\gh ,i c\ld n und]/& x1 seem$ to "w well 9 practice1 = !y are always able to tell a man :at is ! matt] ) him z soon z !y h he>d 8 /ory1 & _! famili>ity ) ! long names assures him t !y ?or\ghly und]/& 8 case4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we 9 ,engl& r>ely %r9k f tell+ our doctor :at is ! matt] ) u m]ely ?r\gh ! fe> t he w hurt u4 ,we let him d 8 wor/ ^u u1 & /& x )\t a murmur1 because we are n sc\t$ = be+ ill1 & because we "k ! doctor is do+ 8 be/ to cure u1 & c judge ( our case bett] ?an we c2 b we %\ld conceal all illness if we 7 treat$ z ! ,ere:onians are :5 !y h any?+ ! matt] ) !m2 we %\ld d z we d ) our moral & intellectual diseases1--we %\ld feign heal? ) ! mo/ consummate art1 till we 7 f\nd out1 & %\ld hate a s+le flogg+ giv5 by way ( m]e puni%m5t m ?an ! amputation ( a limb1 if x 7 k9dly & c\rte\sly p]=m$ f a wi% to help u out ( our difficulty1 & ) ! full consci\sness on ! "p ( ! doctor t x 0 only by an accid5t ( con/itution t he 0 n 9 ! l plight himself4 ,s ! ,ere:onians take a flogg+ once a week1 & a diet ( bread & wat] = two or ?ree mon?s toge!r1 :5ev] _! /raight5] recomm5ds x4 ,i d n suppose t ev5 my ho/1 on hav+ sw9dl$ a confid+ wid[ out ( ! :ole ( h] prop]ty1 0 put to m actual suff]+ ?an a man w readily und]go at ! h&s ( an ,engli% doctor4 ,& yet he mu/ h _h a v bad "t ( x4 ,! s\nds ,i he>d 7 suffici5t to %[ t 8 pa9 0 exquisite1 b he nev] %rank f und]go+ x4 ,he 0 q sure t x did him good2 & ,i ?9k he 0 "r4 ,i _c believe t t man w ev] embezzle money aga94 ,he may--b x w be a long "t be=e he does s4 ,dur+ my conf9em5t 9 prison1 & on my j\rney1 ,i _h discov]$ mu* ( ! above2 b x /ill seem$ new & /range1 & ,i 0 9 con/ant fe> ( committ+ "s rud5ess f my inability to look at ?+s f ! same /&-po9t z my neighb\rs2 b aft] a few weeks' /ay ) ! ,nosnibors ,i got to und]/& ?+s bett]1 especially on hav+ he>d all ab\t my ho/'s illness1 ( :i* he told me fully & repeat$ly4 ,x seem$ he _h be5 on ! ,/ock ,ex*ange ( ! city = _m ye>s & _h amass$ enorm\s weal?1 )\t exce$+ ! limits ( :at 0 g5]ally consid]$ ju/ifiable or at any rate p]missible deal+2 b at l5g? on sev]al occasions he _h become aw>e ( a desire to make money by fraudul5t repres5tations1 & _h actually dealt ) two or ?ree sums 9 a way :i* _h made him r uncom=table4 ,he _h un=tunately made light ( x & pooh-pooh$ ! ailm5t1 until circum/ances ev5tually pres5t$ !mselves :i* enabl$ him to *eat ^u a v consid]able scale2--he told me :at !y 71 & !y 7 ab\t z bad z any?+ c\ld be1 b ,i ne$ n detail !m2--he seiz$ ! opportunity1 & became aw>e :5 x 0 too late t he mu/ be s]i\sly out ( ord]4 ,he _h neglect$ himself too long4 ,he drove home at once1 broke ! news to 8 wife & daught]s z g5tly z he c\ld1 & s5t (f = "o ( ! mo/ celebrat$ /raight5]s ( ! k+dom to a consultation ) ! family practition]1 = ! case 0 pla9ly s]i\s4 ,on ! arrival ( ! /raight5] he told 8 /ory1 & express$ 8 fe> t 8 morals mu/ be p]man5tly impair$4 ,! em95t man reassur$ him ) a few *e]+ words1 & !n proce$$ to make a m c>eful diagnosis ( ! case4 ,he inquir$ conc]n+ ,mr4 ,nosnibor's p>5ts--_h _! moral heal? be5 good8 ,he 0 answ]$ t !re _h n be5 any?+ s]i\sly amiss ) !m1 b t 8 mat]nal gr&fa!r1 :om he 0 suppos$ to resemble some:at 9 p]son1 _h be5 a consummate sc\ndrel & _h end$ 8 days 9 a hospital1--:ile a bro!r ( 8 fa!r's1 aft] hav+ l$ a mo/ flagiti\s life = _m ye>s1 _h be5 at la/ cur$ by a philosoph] ( a new s*ool1 :i* z f> z ,i c\ld und]/& x bore mu* ! same relation to ! old z homoeopa?y to allopa?y4 ,! /raight5] %ook 8 head at ?is1 & laugh+ly repli$ t ! cure mu/ h be5 due to nature4 ,aft] a few m que/ions he wrote a prescription & dep>t$4 ,i saw ! prescription4 ,x ord]$ a f9e to ! ,/ate ( d\ble ! money embezzl$2 no food b bread & milk = six mon?s1 & a sev]e flogg+ once a mon? = twelve4 ,he _h receiv$ 8 elev5? flogg+ on ! day ( my arrival4 ,i saw him lat] on ! same aft]noon1 & he 0 /ill tw+$2 b ev5 ?\gh he _h be5 m9d$ to d s 7:i* he %[$ no sign ( be+71 !re w\ld h be5 no escape f foll[+ out ! /raight5]'s prescription1 = ! s-call$ sanit>y laws ( ,ere:on are v rigor\s1 & unless ! /raight5] 0 satisfi$ t 8 ord]s _h be5 obey$1 ! pati5t w\ld h be5 tak5 to a hospital 7z ! poor are71 & w\ld h be5 mu* worse (f4 ,su* at lea/ is ! law1 b x is nev] necess>y to en=ce x4 ,on a subsequ5t occasion ,i 0 pres5t at an int]view betwe5 ,mr4 ,nosnibor & ! family /raight5]1 :o 0 consid]$ compet5t to wat* ! completion ( ! cure4 ,i 0 /ruck ) ! delicacy ) :i* he avoid$ ev5 ! remote/ semblance ( inquiry aft] ! physical well-be+ ( 8 pati5t1 ?\gh !re 0 a c]ta9 yell[ness ab\t my ho/'s eyes :i* argu$ a bili\s habit ( body4 ,to h tak5 notice ( ?is w\ld h be5 a gross brea* ( pr(essional etiquette4 ,i am told t a /raight5] sometimes ?9ks x "r to glance at ! possibility ( "s slight physical disord] if he f9ds x important 9 ord] to assi/ him 9 8 diagnosis2 b ! answ]s :i* he gets are g5]ally untrue or evasive1 & he =ms 8 own conclusions ^u ! matt] z well z he c4 ,s5sible m5 h be5 kn[n to say t ! /raight5] %\ld 9 /rict confid5ce be told ( e physical ailm5t t is likely to be> ^u ! case2 b p are naturally %y ( do+ ?is1 = !y d n l l[]+ !mselves 9 ! op9ion ( ! /raight5]1 & 8 ignorance ( m$ical sci5ce is supreme4 ,i he>d ( "o lady h[ev] :o _h ! h>dihood to confess t a furi\s outbreak ( ill-hum\r & extravagant fancies = :i* %e 0 seek+ advice 0 possibly ! result ( indisposition4 ,y %\ld resi/ t1 said ! /raight5]1 9 a k9d1 b grave voice2 we c d no?+ = ! bodies ( our pati5ts2 su* matt]s are beyond our prov9ce1 & ,i desire t ,i may he> no fur!r p>ticul>s4 ,! lady bur/ into te>s1 promis$ fai?fully t %e w\ld nev] be unwell aga91 & kept h] ^w4 ,to return h[ev] to ,mr4 ,nosnibor4 ,z ! aft]noon wore on _m c>riages drove up ) call]s to inquire h[ he _h /ood 8 flogg+4 ,x _h be5 v sev]e1 b ! k9d inquiries ^u e side gave him great pleasure1 & he assur$ me t he felt almo/ tempt$ to d wrong aga9 by ! solicitude ) :i* 8 fri5ds _h treat$ him dur+ 8 recov]y3 9 ?is ,i ne$ h>dly say t he 0 n s]i\s4 ,dur+ ! rema9d] ( my /ay 9 ! c\ntry ,mr4 ,nosnibor 0 con/antly att5tive to 8 bus9ess1 & l>gely increas$ 8 already great possessions2 b ,i nev] he>d a :isp] to ! effect ( 8 hav+ be5 indispos$ a second "t1 or made money by o!r ?an ! mo/ /rictly hon\rable means4 ,i did he> aft]w>ds 9 confid5ce t !re _h be5 reason to believe t 8 heal? _h be5 n a little affect$ by ! /raight5]'s treatm5t1 b 8 fri5ds did n *oose to be ov] curi\s ^u ! subject1 & on 8 return to 8 affairs x 0 by common cons5t pass$ ov] z h>dly crim9al 9 "o :o 0 o!rwise s mu* afflict$4 ,= !y reg>d bodily ailm5ts z ! m v5ial 9 proportion z !y h be5 produc$ by causes indep5d5t ( ! con/itution4 ,?us if a p]son ru9 8 heal? by excessive indulg5ce at ! table1 or by dr9k+1 !y c\nt x to be almo/ a "p ( ! m5tal disease :i* br\ght x ab\t & s x goes = little1 b !y h no m]cy on su* illnesses z fev]s or cat>rhs or lung diseases1 :i* to u appe> to be beyond ! control ( ! individual4 ,!y are only m l5i5t t[>ds ! diseases ( ! "y--su* z measles1 :i* !y ?9k to be l s[+ "o's wild oats--& look ov] !m z p>donable indiscretions if !y h n be5 too s]i\s1 & if !y are aton$ = by complete subsequ5t recov]y4 ,,an ,,ere:onian ,,trial4 7,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,( ,,ere:on47 ,i %all be/ convey to ! read] an idea ( ! entire p]v]sion ( ?\ght :i* exi/s among ?is extraord9>y p1 by describ+ ! public trial ( a man :o 0 accus$ ( pulmon>y consumption--an (f5ce :i* 0 puni%$ ) dea? until q rec5tly4 ,! trial did n take place till ,i _h be5 "s mon?s 9 ! c\ntry1 & ,i am deviat+ f *ronological ord] 9 giv+ an acc\nt ( x "h2 b ,i _h p]haps bett] d s 9 ord] to exhau/ ?is subject be=e proce$+ ) o!rs4 ,! prison] 0 plac$ 9 ! dock1 & ! jury 7 sworn mu* z 9 ,europe2 almo/ all our own modes ( proc$ure 7 reproduc$1 ev5 to ! requir+ ! prison] to plead guilty or n guilty4 ,he plead$ n guilty & ! case proce$$4 ,! evid5ce = ! prosecution 0 v /rong1 b ,i mu/ d ! c\rt ! ju/ice to obs]ve t ! trial 0 absolutely imp>tial4 ,c\nsel = ! prison] 0 all[$ to urge ev]y?+ t c\ld be said 9 8 def5ce4 ,! l9e tak5 0 t ! prison] 0 simulat+ consumption 9 ord] to defraud an insurance company1 f :i* he 0 ab\t to buy an annuity1 & t he hop$ ?us to obta9 x on m advantage\s t]ms4 ,if ?is c\ld h be5 %[n to be ! case he w\ld h escap$ crim9al prosecution1 & be5 s5t to a hospital z = moral ailm5t4 ,! view h[ev] 0 "o :i* c\ld n be reasonably su/a9$1 9 spite ( all ! +5uity & eloqu5ce ( "o ( ! mo/ celebrat$ advocates ( ! c\ntry4 ,! case 0 only too cle>1 = ! prison] 0 almo/ at ! po9t ( dea?1 & x 0 a/oni%+ t he _h n be5 tri$ & convict$ long previ\sly4 ,8 c\gh+ 0 incessant dur+ ! :ole trial1 & x 0 all t ! two jail]s 9 *>ge ( him c\ld d to keep him on 8 legs until x 0 ov]4 ,! summ+ up ( ! judge 0 admirable4 ,he dwelt ^u e po9t t c\ld be con/ru$ 9 fav\r ( ! prison]1 b z he proce$$ x became cle> t ! evid5ce 0 too conv9c+ to admit ( d\bt1 & !re 0 b "o op9ion 9 ! c\rt z to ! imp5d+ v]dict :5 ! jury retir$ f ! box4 ,!y 7 abs5t = ab\t t5 m9utes1 & on _! return ! =eman pron\nc$ ! prison] guilty4 ,!re 0 a fa9t murmur ( applause b x 0 in/antly repress$4 ,! judge !n proce$$ to pron\nce s5t5ce 9 words :i* ,i c nev] =get1 & :i* ,i copi$ out into a note-book next day f ! report t 0 publi%$ 9 ! lead+ newspap]4 ,i mu/ cond5se x some:at1 & no?+ :i* ,i c\ld say w\ld give m ?an a fa9t idea ( ! solemn1 n to say maje/ic1 sev]ity ) :i* x 0 deliv]$4 ,! s5t5ce 0 z foll[s3-- ,prison] at ! b>1 y h be5 accus$ ( ! great crime ( lab\r+ "u pulmon>y consumption1 & aft] an imp>tial trial be=e a jury ( y\r c\ntrym51 y h be5 f\nd guilty4 ,aga9/ ! ju/ice ( ! v]dict ,i c say no?+3 ! evid5ce aga9/ y 0 conclusive1 & x only rema9s = me to pass su* a s5t5ce ^u y1 z %all satisfy ! ends ( ! law4 ,t s5t5ce mu/ be a v sev]e "o4 ,x pa9s me mu* to see "o :o is yet s "y1 & ^: prospects 9 life 7 o!rwise s excell5t1 br\ght to ?is di/ress+ condition by a con/itution :i* ,i c only reg>d z radically vici\s2 b y\rs is no case = compassion3 ?is is n y\r fir/ (f5ce3 y h l$ a c>e] ( crime1 & h only pr(it$ by ! l5i5cy %[n y ^u pa/ occasions1 to (f5d yet m s]i\sly aga9/ ! laws & in/itutions ( y\r c\ntry4 ,y 7 convict$ ( aggravat$ bron*itis la/ ye>3 & ,i f9d t ?\gh y are n[ only tw5ty-?ree ye>s old1 y h be5 imprison$ on no less ?an f\rte5 occasions = illnesses ( a m or less hateful "*2 9 fact1 x is n too mu* to say t y h sp5t ! great] "p ( y\r life 9 a jail4 ,x is all v well = y to say t y came ( unheal?y p>5ts1 & _h a sev]e accid5t 9 y\r *ildhood :i* p]man5tly und]m9$ y\r con/itution2 excuses su* z ^! are ! ord9>y refuge ( ! crim9al2 b !y _c = "o mom5t be li/5$ to by ! e> ( ju/ice4 ,i am n "h to ent] ^u curi\s metaphysical que/ions z to ! orig9 ( ?is or t--que/ions to :i* !re w\ld be no end 7 _! introduction once tol]at$1 & :i* w\ld result 9 ?r[+ ! only guilt on ! primordial cell1 or p]haps ev5 on ! elem5t>y gases4 ,!re is no "q ( h[ y came to be wick$1 b only ?is--namely1 are y wick$ or n8 ,?is has be5 decid$ 9 ! affirmative1 nei!r c ,i hesitate = a s+le mom5t to say t x has be5 decid$ ju/ly4 ,y are a bad & dang]\s p]son1 & /& br&$ 9 ! eyes ( y\r fell[-c\ntrym5 ) "o ( ! mo/ he9\s kn[n (f5ces4 ,x is n my bus9ess to ju/ify ! law3 ! law may 9 "s cases h its inevitable h>d%ips1 & ,i may feel regret at times t ,i h n ! option ( pass+ a less sev]e s5t5ce ?an ,i am compell$ to d4 ,b y\rs is no su* case2 on ! contr>y1 _h n ! capital puni%m5t = consumption be5 aboli%$1 ,i %\ld c]ta9ly inflict x n[4 ,x is intol]able t an example ( su* t]rible enormity %\ld be all[$ to g at l>ge unpuni%$4 ,y\r pres5ce 9 ! society ( respectable p w\ld lead ! less able-bodi$ to ?9k m lightly ( all =ms ( illness2 nei!r c x be p]mitt$ t y %\ld h ! *ance ( corrupt+ unborn be+s :o might h]eaft] pe/] y4 ,! unborn mu/ n be all[$ to come ne> y3 & ?is n s mu* = _! protection 7= !y are our natural enemies71 z = our own2 = s9ce !y w n be utt]ly ga9said1 x mu/ be se5 to t !y %all be qu>t]$ ^u ^? :o are lea/ likely to corrupt !m4 ,b indep5d5tly ( ?is consid]ation1 & indep5d5tly ( ! physical guilt :i* atta*es itself to a crime s great z y\rs1 !re is yet ano!r reason :y we %\ld be unable to %[ y m]cy1 ev5 if we are incl9$ to d s4 ,i ref] to ! exi/5ce ( a class ( m5 :o lie hidd5 among u1 & :o are call$ physicians4 ,7 ! sev]ity ( ! law or ! curr5t feel+ ( ! c\ntry to be relax$ nev] s slightly1 ^! ab&on$ p]sons1 :o are n[ compell$ to practise secretly1 & :o c be consult$ only at ! greate/ risk1 w\ld become frequ5t visitors 9 e h\sehold2 _! organisation & _! intimate acqua9tance ) all family secrets w\ld give !m a p[]1 bo? social & political1 :i* no?+ c\ld resi/4 ,! head ( ! h\sehold w\ld become subord9ate to ! family doctor1 :o w\ld int]f]e betwe5 man & wife1 betwe5 ma/] & s]vant1 until ! doctors %\ld be ! only deposit>ies ( p[] 9 ! nation1 & h all t we hold preci\s at _! m]cy4 ,a "t ( univ]sal dephysicalisation w\ld ensue2 m$ic9e-v5dors ( all k9ds w\ld ab\nd 9 our /reets & adv]tise 9 all our newspap]s4 ,!re is "o rem$y = ?is1 & "o only4 ,x is t :i* ! laws ( ?is c\ntry h long receiv$ & act$ ^u1 & consi/s 9 ! /]ne/ repression ( all diseases :atsoev]1 z soon z _! exi/5ce is made manife/ to ! eye ( ! law4 ,w\ld t t eye 7 f> m pi]c+ ?an x is4 ,b ,i w enl>ge no fur!r ^u ?+s t are !mselves s obvi\s4 ,y may say t x is n y\r fault4 ,! answ] is ready en\gh at h&1 & x am\nts to ?is--t if y _h be5 born ( heal?y & well-to-d p>5ts1 & be5 well tak5 c>e ( :5 y 7 a *ild1 y w\ld nev] h (f5d$ aga9/ ! laws ( y\r c\ntry1 nor f\nd y\rself 9 y\r pres5t disgraceful position4 ,if y tell me t y _h no h& 9 y\r p>5tage & education1 & t x is !re=e unju/ to lay ^! ?+s to y\r *>ge1 ,i answ] t :e!r y\r be+ 9 a consumption is y\r fault or no1 x is a fault 9 y1 & x is my duty to see t aga9/ su* faults z ?is ! commonweal? %all be protect$4 ,y may say t x is y\r mis=tune to be crim9al2 ,i answ] t x is y\r crime to be un=tunate4 ,i d n hesitate !re=e to s5t5ce y to imprisonm5t1 ) h>d lab\r1 = ! re/ ( y\r mis]able exi/5ce4 ,dur+ t p]iod ,i w\ld e>ne/ly entreat y to rep5t ( ^! wrongs y h done already1 & to entirely re=m ! con/itution ( y\r :ole body4 ,i ent]ta9 b little hope t y w pay att5tion to my advice2 y are already f> too ab&on$4 ,did x re/ ) myself1 ,i %\ld add no?+ 9 mitigation ( ! s5t5ce :i* ,i h pass$1 b x is ! m]ciful provision ( ! law t ev5 ! mo/ h>d5$ crim9al %all be all[$ "s "o ( ! ?ree (ficial rem$ies1 :i* is to be prescrib$ at ! "t ( 8 conviction4 ,i %all !re=e ord] t y receive two tablespoonfuls ( ca/or-oil daily1 until ! pleasure ( ! c\rt be fur!r kn[n4 ,:5 ! s5t5ce 0 conclud$1 ! prison] ackn[l$g$ 9 a few sc>cely audible words t he 0 ju/ly puni%$1 & t he _h _h a fair trial4 ,he 0 !n remov$ to ! prison f :i* he 0 nev] to return4 ,!re 0 a second attempt at applause :5 ! judge _h f9i%$ speak+1 b z be=e x 0 at once repress$2 & ?\gh ! feel+ ( ! c\rt 0 /rongly aga9/ ! prison]1 !re 0 no %[ ( any viol5ce aga9/ him1 if "o may except a little hoot+ f ! by/&]s :5 he 0 be+ remov$ 9 ! prison]s' van4 ,inde$1 no?+ /ruck me m dur+ my :ole soj\rn 9 ! c\ntry1 ?an ! g5]al respect = law & ord]4 ,,malcont5ts4 7,,"p ,,( ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,( ,,ere:on47 ,i write ) great diffid5ce1 b x seems to me t !re is no unfairness 9 puni%+ p = _! mis=tunes1 or rew>d+ !m = _! %e] good luck3 x is ! normal condition ( human life t ?is %\ld be done1 & no "r-m9d$ p]son w compla9 at be+ subject$ to ! common treatm5t4 ,!re is no alt]native op5 to u4 ,x is idle to say t m5 are n responsible = _! mis=tunes4 ,:at is responsibility8 ,surely to be responsible means to be liable to h to give an answ] %\ld x be dem&$1 & all ?+s :i* live are responsible = _! lives & actions %\ld society see fit to "q !m ?r\gh ! m\? ( its au?oris$ ag5t4 ,:at is ! (f5ce ( a lamb t we %\ld re> x1 & t5d x1 & lull x into security1 = ! express purpose ( kill+ x8 ,its (f5ce is ! mis=tune ( be+ some?+ :i* society wants to eat1 & :i* _c def5d itself4 ,?is is ample4 ,:o %all limit ! "r ( society except society itself8 ,& :at consid]ation = ! individual is tol]able unless society be ! ga9] !reby8 ,:]e=e %\ld a man be s ri*ly rew>d$ = hav+ be5 son to a millionaire1 7 x n cle>ly provable t ! common welf>e is ?us bett] fur!r$8 ,we _c s]i\sly detract f a man's m]it 9 hav+ be5 ! son ( a ri* fa!r )\t imp]ill+ our own t5ure ( ?+s :i* we d n wi% to jeop>dise2 if ?is 7 o!rwise we %\ld n let him keep 8 money = a s+le h\r2 we w\ld h x ourselves at once4 ,= prop]ty is robb]y1 b !n we are all robb]s or w\ld-be robb]s toge!r1 & h f\nd x exp$i5t to organise our ?iev+1 z we h f\nd x to organise our lu/ & our rev5ge4 ,prop]ty1 m>riage1 ! law2 z ! b$ to ! riv]1 s rule & conv5tion to ! in/9ct4 ,b to return4 ,ev5 9 ,engl& a man on bo>d a %ip ) yell[ fev] is held responsible = 8 mis*ance1 no matt] :at 8 be+ kept 9 qu>ant9e may co/ him4 ,he may cat* ! fev] & die2 we _c help x2 he mu/ take 8 *ance z o!r p d2 b surely x w\ld be desp]ate unk9dness to add contumely to our self-protection1 unless1 inde$1 we believe t contumely is "o ( our be/ means ( self-protection4 ,aga91 take ! case ( maniacs4 ,we say t !y are irresponsible = _! actions1 b we take good c>e1 or ought to take good c>e1 t !y %all answ] to u = _! insanity1 & we imprison !m 9 :at we call an asylum 7t mod]n sanctu>y67 if we d n l _! answ]s4 ,?is is a /range k9d ( irresponsibility4 ,:at we ought to say is t we c af=d to be satisfi$ ) a less satisfactory answ] f a lunatic ?an f "o :o is n mad1 because lunacy is less infecti\s ?an crime4 ,we kill a s]p5t if we g 9 dang] by x1 simply = be+ su* & su* a s]p5t 9 su* & su* a place2 b we nev] say t ! s]p5t has only itself to blame = n hav+ be5 a h>mless creature4 ,its crime is t ( be+ ! ?+ :i* x is3 b ?is is a capital (f5ce1 & we are "r 9 kill+ x out ( ! way1 unless we ?9k x m dang]\s to d s ?an to let x escape2 nev]!less we pity ! creature1 ev5 ?\gh we kill x4 ,b 9 ! case ( him ^: trial ,i h describ$ above1 x 0 impossible t any "o 9 ! c\rt %\ld n h kn[n t x 0 b by an accid5t ( bir? & circum/ances t he 0 n himself also 9 a consumption2 & yet none ?\ght t x disgrac$ !m to he> ! judge give v5t to ! mo/ cruel truisms ab\t him4 ,! judge himself 0 a k9d & ?\ghtful p]son4 ,he 0 a man ( magnific5t & b5ign pres5ce4 ,he 0 evid5tly ( an iron con/itution1 & 8 face wore an expression ( ! mature/ wisdom & exp]i5ce2 yet = all ?is1 old & le>n$ z he 01 he c\ld n see ?+s :i* "o w\ld h ?\ght w\ld h be5 app>5t ev5 to a *ild4 ,he c\ld n emancipate himself f1 nay1 x did n ev5 occur to him to feel1 ! bondage ( ! ideas 9 :i* he _h be5 born & br$4 ,s 0 x ) ! jury & by/&]s2 &--mo/ wond]ful ( all--s 0 x ev5 ) ! prison]4 ,?r\gh\t he seem$ fully impress$ ) ! notion t he 0 be+ dealt ) ju/ly3 he saw no?+ wanton 9 8 be+ told by ! judge t he 0 to be puni%$1 n s mu* z a necess>y protection to society 7al?\gh ?is 0 n entirely lo/ sight (71 z because he _h n be5 bett] born & br$ ?an he 04 ,b ?is l$ me to hope t he suff]$ less ?an he w\ld h done if he _h se5 ! matt] 9 ! same light t ,i did4 ,&1 aft] all1 ju/ice is relative4 ,i may "h m5tion t only a few ye>s be=e my arrival 9 ! c\ntry1 ! treatm5t ( all convict$ invalids _h be5 mu* m b>b>\s ?an n[2 = no physical rem$y 0 provid$1 & prison]s 7 put to ! sev]e/ lab\r 9 all sorts ( wea!r1 s t mo/ ( !m soon succumb$ to ! extreme h>d%ips :i* !y suff]$2 ?is 0 suppos$ to be b5eficial 9 "s ways1 inasmu* z x put ! c\ntry to less exp5se = ! ma9t5ance ( its crim9al class2 b ! gr[? ( luxury _h induc$ a relaxation ( ! old sev]ity1 & a s5sitive age w\ld no long] tol]ate :at appe>$ to be an excess ( rig\r1 ev5 t[>ds ! mo/ guilty2 moreov]1 x 0 f\nd t juries 7 less will+ to convict1 & ju/ice 0 (t5 *eat$ because !re 0 no alt]native betwe5 virtually condemn+ a man to dea? & lett+ him g free2 x 0 also held t ! c\ntry paid 9 recommittals = its ov]sev]ity2 = ^? :o _h be5 imprison$ ev5 = trifl+ ailm5ts 7 (t5 p]man5tly disabl$ by _! imprisonm5t2 & :5 a man has be5 once convict$1 x 0 probable he w\ld nev] aft]w>ds be long (f ! h&s ( ! c\ntry4 ,^! evils _h long be5 app>5t & recognis$2 yet p 7 too indol5t1 & too indiff]5t to suff]+ n _! own1 to be/ir !mselves ab\t putt+ an end to !m1 until at la/ a b5evol5t re=m] devot$ 8 :ole life to effect+ ! necess>y *anges4 ,he divid$ illnesses into ?ree classes--^? affect+ ! head1 ! trunk1 & ! l[] limbs--& obta9$ an enactm5t t all diseases ( ! head1 :e!r int]nal or ext]nal1 %\ld be treat$ ) laudanum1 ^? ( ! body ) ca/or-oil1 & ^? ( ! l[] limbs ) an embrocation ( /rong sulphuric acid & wat]4 ,x may be said t ! classification 0 n suffici5tly c>eful1 & t ! rem$ies 7 ill *os52 b x is a h>d ?+ to initiate any re=m1 & x 0 necess>y to famili>ise ! public m9d ) ! pr9ciple1 by ins]t+ ! ?9 end ( ! w$ge fir/3 x is n !re=e to be wond]$ at t among s practical a p !re %\ld /ill be "s room = improvem5t4 ,! mass ( ! nation are well pleas$ ) exi/+ arrangem5ts1 & believe t _! treatm5t ( crim9als leaves little or no?+ to be desir$2 b !re is an en]getic m9ority :o hold :at are consid]$ to be extreme op9ions1 & :o are n at all dispos$ to re/ cont5t$ until ! pr9ciple lately admitt$ has be5 c>ri$ fur!r4 ,,! ,,musical ,,banks4 7,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,( ,,ere:on47 ,on my return to ! draw+-room1 ,i f\nd ! ladies 7 j putt+ away _! "w & prep>+ to g out4 ,i ask$ !m :]e !y 7 go+4 ,!y answ]$ ) a c]ta9 air ( res]ve t !y 7 go+ to ! bank to get "s money4 ,n[ ,i _h already collect$ t ! m]cantile affairs ( ! ,ere:onians 7 conduct$ on a totally diff]5t sy/em f our own2 ,i _h h[ev] ga!r$ little hi!rto1 except t !y _h two di/9ct comm]cial sy/ems1 ( :i* ! "o appeal$ m /rongly to ! imag9ation ?an any?+ to :i* we are accu/om$ 9 ,europe1 inasmu* z ! banks conduct$ ^u ?is sy/em 7 decorat$ 9 ! mo/ pr(use fa%ion1 & all m]cantile transactions 7 accompani$ ) music1 s t !y 7 call$ musical banks ?\gh ! music 0 hide\s to a ,european e>4 ,z = ! sy/em itself ,i nev] und]/ood x1 nei!r c ,i d s n[3 !y h a code 9 connection ) x1 :i* ,i h no d\bt !y !mselves und]/&1 b no =eign] c hope to d s4 ,"o rule runs into & aga9/ ano!r z 9 a mo/ complicat$ gramm>1 or z 9 ,*9ese pronunciation1 :]e9 ,i am told ! slighte/ *ange 9 acc5tuation or tone ( voice alt]s ! mean+ ( a :ole s5t5ce4 ,:atev] is incoh]5t 9 my description mu/ be ref]r$ to ! fact ( my nev] hav+ atta9$ to a full compreh5sion ( ! subject4 ,s f> h[ev] z ,i c\ld collect any?+ c]ta91 !y appe>$ to h two entirely di/9ct curr5cies1 ea* "u ! control ( its own banks & m]cantile codes4 ,! "o ( !m 7! "o ) ! musical banks7 0 suppos$ to be ! sy/em1 & to give out ! curr5cy 9 :i* all monet>y transactions %\ld be c>ri$ on4 ,z f> z ,i c\ld see1 all :o wi%$ to be consid]$ respectable1 did keep a c]ta9 am\nt ( ?is curr5cy at ^! banks2 nev]!less1 if !re is "o ?+ ( :i* ,i am m sure ?an ano!r x is t ! am\nt s kept 0 b a v small "p ( _! possessions4 ,i ?9k !y took ! money1 put x into ! bank1 & !n drew x out aga91 repeat+ ! process day by day1 & keep+ a c]ta9 am\nt ( curr5cy = ?is purpose & no o!r1 :ile !y paid ! exp5ses ( ! bank ) ! o!r co9age4 ,i am sure ! manag]s & ca%i]s ( ! musical banks 7 n paid 9 _! own curr5cy4 ,mr4 ,nosnibor us$ to g to ^! musical banks1 or r to ! great "m bank ( ! city1 sometimes b n v (t54 ,he 0 a pill> ( "o ( ! o!r k9d ( banks1 ?\gh he held "s m9or (fice also 9 ^!4 ,! ladies g5]ally w5t alone2 z inde$ 0 ! case 9 mo/ families1 except on "s few great annual occasions4 ,i _h long want$ to "k m ( ?is /range sy/em1 & _h ! greate/ desire to accompany my ho/ess & h] daught]s4 ,i _h se5 !m g out almo/ e morn+ s9ce my arrival1 & _h notic$ t !y c>ri$ _! purses 9 _! h&s1 n exactly o/5tati\sly1 yet j s z t ^? :o met !m %\ld see :i!r !y 7 go+4 ,i _h nev] yet be5 ask$ to g ) !m myself4 ,x is n easy to convey a p]son's mann] by words1 & ,i c h>dly give any idea ( ! peculi> feel+ :i* came ^u me :5ev] ,i saw ! ladies 9 ! hall1 ) _! purses 9 _! h&s1 & on ! po9t ( />t+ = ! bank4 ,!re 0 a some?+ ( regret1 a some?+ z ?\gh !y w\ld wi% to take me ) !m1 b did n l to ask me1 & yet z ?\gh ,i 7 h>dly to ask to be tak54 ,i 0 det]m9$ h[ev] to br+ matt]s to an issue ) my ho/ess ab\t my go+ ) !m1 & aft] a little p>ley+ & _m inquiries z to :e!r ,i 0 p]fectly sure t ,i myself wi%$ to g1 x 0 decid$ t ,i might d s4 ,we pass$ ?r\gh sev]al /reets ( m or less consid]able h\ses1 & at la/ turn+ r\nd a corn] we came ^u a l>ge piazza1 at ! end ( :i* 0 a magnific5t build+1 ( a /range b noble ar*itecture & ( great antiquity4 ,x did n op5 directly on to ! piazza1 !re be+ a scre51 ?r\gh :i* 0 an ar*way1 betwe5 ! piazza & ! actual prec9cts ( ! bank4 ,on pass+ "u ! ar*way we f\nd ourselves ^u a gre5 sw>d1 r\nd :i* !re ran an arcade or cloi/]1 :ile 9 front ( u uprose ! maje/ic t[]s ( ! bank & its v5]able front1 :i* 0 divid$ into ?ree deep recesses & adorn$ ) all sorts ( m>bles & _m sculptures4 ,on ei!r side !re 7 beautiful old trees :]e9 ! birds 7 busy by ! hundr$1 & a numb] ( qua9t b sub/antial h\ses ( s+ul>ly com=table appe>ance2 !y 7 situat$ 9 ! mid/ ( or*>ds & g>d5s1 & gave me an impression ( great peace & pl5ty4 ,inde$ x _h be5 no error to say t ?is build+ 0 "o :i* appeal$ to ! imag9ation2 x did m--x c>ri$ bo? imag9ation & judgm5t by /orm4 ,x 0 an epic 9 /one & m>ble2 nei!r _h ,i ev] se5 any?+ 9 ! lea/ comp>able to x4 ,i 0 completely *>m$ & melt$4 ,i felt m consci\s ( ! exi/5ce ( a remote pa/4 ,"o kn[s ( ?is always1 b ! k is nev] s liv+ z 9 ! actual pres5ce ( "s witness to ! life ( bygone ages4 ,i felt h[ %ort a space ( human life 0 ! p]iod ( our own exi/5ce4 ,i 0 m impress$ ) my own littl5ess1 & mu* m incl9able to believe t ! p ^: s5se ( ! fitness ( ?+s 0 equal to ! uprais+ ( s s]5e a h&iwork1 7 h>dly likely to be wrong 9 ! conclusions !y might come to ^u any subject4 ,my feel+ c]ta9ly 0 t ! curr5cy ( ?is bank mu/ be ! "r "o4 ,we cross$ ! sw>d & ent]$ ! build+4 ,if ! outside _h be5 impressive ! inside 0 ev5 m s4 ,x 0 v l(ty & divid$ into sev]al p>ts by walls :i* re/$ ^u massive pill>s2 ! w9d[s 7 fill$ ) glass1 on :i* _h be5 pa9t$ ! pr9cipal comm]cial incid5ts ( ! bank = _m ages4 ,9 a remote "p ( ! build+ !re 7 m5 & boys s++2 ?is 0 ! only di/urb+ feature1 = z ! gamut 0 /ill unkn[n1 !re 0 no music 9 ! c\ntry :i* c\ld be agreeable to a ,european e>4 ,! s+]s seem$ to h d]iv$ _! inspirations f ! songs ( birds & ! wail+ ( ! w9d1 :i* la/ !y tri$ to imitate 9 melan*oly cad5ces :i* at times deg5]at$ into a h[l4 ,to my ?9k+ ! noise 0 hide\s1 b x produc$ a great effect ^u my companions1 :o pr(ess$ !mselves mu* mov$4 ,z soon z ! s++ 0 ov] ! ladies reque/$ me to /ay :]e ,i 01 :ile !y w5t inside ! place f :i* x _h seem$ to come4 ,dur+ _! abs5ce c]ta9 reflections =c$ !mselves ^u me4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 x /ruck me z /range t ! build+ %\ld be s ne>ly empty2 ,i 0 almo/ alone1 & ! few besides myself _h be5 l$ by curiosity1 & _h no int5tion ( do+ bus9ess ) ! bank4 ,b !re might be m inside4 ,i /ole up to ! curta91 & v5tur$ to draw ! extreme edge ( x on "o side4 ,no1 !re 0 h>dly any "o !re4 ,i saw a l>ge numb] ( ca%i]s1 all at _! desks ready to pay *eques1 & "o or two :o seem$ to be ! manag+ p>tn]s4 ,i also saw my ho/ess & h] daught]s & two or ?ree o!r ladies2 also ?ree or f\r old wom5 & ! boys f "o ( ! neighb\r+ ,colleges ( ,unreason2 b !re 0 no "o else4 ,?is did n look z ?\gh ! bank 0 do+ a v l>ge bus9ess2 & yet ,i _h always be5 told t e "o 9 ! city dealt ) ?is e/abli%m5t4 ,i _c describe all t took place 9 ^! inn] prec9cts1 = a s9i/]-look+ p]son 9 a black g[n came & made unpleasant ge/ures at me = peep+4 ,i happ5$ to h 9 my pocket "o ( ! musical bank pieces1 :i* _h be5 giv5 me by ,mrs4 ,nosnibor1 s ,i tri$ to tip him ) x2 b hav+ se5 :at x 01 he became s angry t x 0 all ,i c\ld d to pacify him4 ,:5 he 0 gone ,i v5tur$ to take a second look1 & saw ,zulora 9 ! v act ( giv+ a piece ( pap] :i* look$ l a *eque to "o ( ! ca%i]s4 ,he did n exam9e x1 b putt+ 8 h& into an antique c(f] h>d by1 he pull$ out a quantity ( dull-look+ metal pieces app>5tly at r&om1 & h&$ !m ov] )\t c\nt+ !m2 nei!r did ,zulora c\nt !m1 b put !m into h] purse & dep>t$4 ,x seem$ a v s+ul> proce$+1 b ,i suppos$ t !y knew _! own bus9ess be/1 at any rate ,zulora seem$ q satisfi$1 ?ank$ him = ! money1 & began mak+ t[>ds ! curta93 on ?is ,i let x drop & retreat$ to a reasonable di/ance4 ,mrs4 ,nosnibor & h] daught]s soon jo9$ me4 ,= "s few m9utes we all kept sil5ce1 b at la/ ,i v5tur$ to rem>k t ! bank 0 n s busy to-day z x probably (t5 04 ,on ?is ,mrs4 ,nosnibor said t x 0 inde$ melan*oly to see :at little he$ p paid to ! mo/ preci\s ( all in/itutions4 ,i c\ld say no?+ 9 reply1 b ,i h ev] be5 ( op9ion t ! great] "p ( mank9d d approximately "k :]e !y get t :i* does !m good4 ,mrs4 ,nosnibor w5t on to say t ,i mu/ n imag9e !re 0 any want ( confid5ce 9 ! bank because ,i _h se5 s few p !re2 ! he>t ( ! c\ntry 0 ?or\ghly devot$ to ^! e/abli%m5ts1 & any sign ( _! be+ 9 dang] w\ld br+ 9 support f ! mo/ unexpect$ qu>t]s4 ,x 0 only because p knew !m to be s v safe1 t 9 "s cases 7z %e lam5t$ to say 9 ,mr4 ,nosnibor's7 !y felt t _! support 0 unnecess>y4 ,moreov] ^! in/itutions nev] dep>t$ f ! safe/ & mo/ approv$ bank+ pr9ciples4 ,?us !y nev] all[$ int]e/ on deposit1 a ?+ n[ frequ5tly done by c]ta9 bubble companies1 :i* by do+ an illegitimate trade _h drawn _m cu/om]s away2 & ev5 ! %>ehold]s 7 few] ?an =m]ly1 ow+ to ! innovations ( ^! unscrupul\s p]sons4 ,x came out by & by t ! musical banks paid little or no divid5d1 b divid$ _! pr(its by way ( bonus on ! orig9al %>es once 9 e ?ree hundr$ & fifty ye>s2 & z x 0 n[ only two hundr$ ye>s s9ce !re _h be5 "o ( ^! di/ributions1 p felt t !y c\ld n hope = ano!r 9 _! own "t & pref]r$ inve/m5ts :]eby !y got "s m tangible return2 all :i*1 %e said1 0 v melan*oly to ?9k (4 ,hav+ made ^! la/ admissions1 %e return$ to h] orig9al /atem5t1 namely1 t e "o 9 ! c\ntry really support$ ! bank4 ,z to ! fewness ( ! p1 & ! abs5ce ( ! able-bodi$1 %e po9t$ out to me ) "s ju/ice t ?is 0 exactly :at we ought to expect4 ,! m5 :o 7 mo/ conv]sant ab\t ! /ability ( human in/itutions1 su* z ! lawy]s1 m5 ( sci5ce1 doctors1 /atesm51 pa9t]s1 & ! l1 7 j ^? :o 7 mo/ likely to be misl$ by _! own fanci$ accompli%m5ts1 & to be made unduly suspici\s by _! lic5ti\s desire = great] pres5t return1 :i* 0 at ! root ( n9e-t5?s ( ! opposition1 by _! vanity1 :i* w\ld prompt !m to affect sup]iority to ! prejudices ( ! vulg>1 & by ! /+s ( _! own consci5ce1 :i* 0 con/antly upbraid+ !m 9 ! mo/ cruel mann] on acc\nt ( _! bodies1 :i* 7 g5]ally diseas$2 let a p]son's intellect be nev] s s\nd1 unless 8 body 7 9 absolute heal?1 he c\ld =m no judgm5t wor? hav+ on matt]s ( ?is k9d4 ,! body 0 ev]y?+3 x ne$ n p]haps be su* a /rong body 7%e said ?is because %e saw ,i 0 ?9k+ ( ! old & infirm-look+ folks :om ,i _h se5 9 ! bank71 b x mu/ be 9 p]fect heal?2 9 ?is case1 ! less active /r5g? x _h ! m free w\ld be ! work+ ( ! intellect1 & !re=e ! s\nd] ! conclusion4 ,! p1 !n1 :om ,i _h se5 at ! bank 7 9 reality ! v ones ^: op9ions 7 mo/ wor? hav+2 !y decl>$ its advantages to be incalculable1 & ev5 pr(ess$ to consid] ! imm$iate return to be f> l>g] ?an !y 7 entitl$ to2 & s %e ran on1 nor did %e leave (f till we _h got back to ! h\se4 ,%e might say :at %e pleas$1 b h] mann] 0 n "o t c>ri$ mu* conviction2 & lat] on ,i saw signs ( g5]al indiff]5ce to ^! banks t 7 n to be mi/ak54 ,_! support]s (t5 d5i$ x1 b ! d5ial 0 g5]ally s c\*$ z to add ano!r pro( ( its exi/5ce4 ,9 comm]cial panics1 & 9 times ( g5]al di/ress1 ! p z a mass did n s mu* z ev5 ?9k ( turn+ to ^! banks4 ,a few individuals might d s1 "s f habit & e>ly tra9+1 "s f hope ( ga91 b few f a g5u9e belief t ! money 0 good2 ! masses turn$ in/9ctively to ! o!r curr5cy4 ,9 a conv]sation ) "o ( ! musical bank manag]s ,i v5tur$ to h9t ?is z pla9ly z polit5ess w\ld all[4 ,he said t x _h be5 m or less true till lately2 b t n[ !y _h put fre% /a9$ glass w9d[s into all ! banks 9 ! c\ntry1 & repair$ ! build+s1 & enl>g$ ! organs1 & tak5 to talk+ nicely to ! p 9 ! /reets1 & to rememb]+ ! ages ( _! *ildr5 & giv+ !m ?+s :5 !y 7 ill1 s t all w\ld h5ce=? g smoo?ly4 ,b hav5't y done any?+ to ! money itself8 said ,i timidly4 ,to ?is day ,i d n "k exactly :at ! bank-manag] said1 b x came to ?is 9 ! end--t ,i _h bett] n m$dle ) ?+s t ,i did n und]/&4 ,on review+ ! :ole matt]1 ,i c be c]ta9 ( ?is mu* only1 t ! money giv5 out at ! musical banks is n ! curr5t co9 ( ! realm4 ,x is n ! money ) :i* ! p d z a g5]al rule buy _! bread1 meat1 & clo?+4 ,x is l x2 "s co9s v l x2 & x is n c\nt]feit4 ,x is n1 take x all r\nd1 a spuri\s article made ( base metal 9 imitation ( ! money :i* is 9 daily use2 b x is a di/9ct co9age :i*1 ?\gh ,i d n suppose x ev] actually sup]s$$ ! ord9>y gold1 silv]1 & copp]1 0 probably issu$ by au?ority1 & 0 int5d$ to supplant ^? metals4 ,"s ( ! pieces 7 really ( exquisite beauty2 & "s 71 ,i d v]ily believe1 no?+ b ! ord9>y curr5cy1 only t !re 0 ano!r head & "n 9 place ( t ( ! commonweal?4 ,& "h 0 "o ( ! great m>vels2 = ^? :o 7 mo/ /rongly 9 fav\r ( ?is co9age ma9ta9$1 & ev5 grew m excit$ if !y 7 oppos$ "h ?an on any o!r matt]1 t ! v self-same co9 ) ! head ( ! commonweal? ^u x 0 ( little if any value1 :ile x became exce$+ly preci\s x /amp$ ) ! o!r image4 ,"s ( ! co9s 7 pla9ly bad2 ( ^! la/ !re 7 n _m2 /ill !re 7 en\gh = !m to be n uncommon4 ,^! 7 entirely compos$ ( alloy2 !y w\ld b5d easily1 w\ld melt away to no?+ ) a little heat1 & 7 q unsuit$ = a curr5cy4 ,yet !re 7 few ( ! weal?i] classes :o did n ma9ta9 t ev5 ^! co9s 7 g5u9e good money1 ?\gh !y 7 *>y ( tak+ !m4 ,e "o knew ?is1 s !y 7 seldom (f]$2 b all ?\ght x incumb5t ^u !m to reta9 a good _m 9 _! possession1 & to let !m be se5 f "t to "t 9 _! h&s & purses4 ,( c\rse p knew _! real value exce$+ly well2 b few1 if any1 d>$ to say :at t value 02 or if !y did1 x w\ld be only 9 c]ta9 companies or 9 writ+ 9 ! newspap]s anonym\sly4 ,/range6 !re 0 h>dly any ins9uation aga9/ ?is co9age :i* !y w\ld n tol]ate & ev5 applaud 9 _! daily pap]s2 & yet1 if ! same ?+ 7 said )\t ambiguity to _! faces--nom9ative case v]b & accusative be+ all 9 _! "r places1 & d\bt impossible--!y w\ld consid] !mselves v s]i\sly & ju/ly outrag$1 & accuse ! speak] ( be+ unwell4 ,i nev] c\ld und]/&1 nei!r c ,i d s n[1 :y a s+le curr5cy %\ld n suffice !m2 x w\ld seem to me z ?\gh all _! deal+s w\ld h be5 ?us greatly simplifi$2 b ,i 0 met ) a look ( horror if ev] ,i d>$ to h9t at x4 ,ev5 ^? :o to my c]ta9 k kept only j en\gh money at ! musical banks to swe> by1 w\ld call ! o!r banks 7:]e _! securities really lay7 cold1 dead5+1 p>alys+1 & ! l4 ,i notic$ ano!r ?+ moreov] :i* /ruck me greatly4 ,i 0 tak5 to ! op5+ ( "o ( ^! banks 9 a neighb\r+ t[n1 & saw a l>ge assemblage ( ca%i]s & manag]s4 ,i sat opposite !m & scann$ _! faces att5tively4 ,!y did n please me2 !y lack$1 ) a few exceptions1 ! true ,ere:onian frankness2 & an equal numb] f any o!r class w\ld h look$ happi] & bett] m54 ,:5 ,i met !m 9 ! /reets !y did n seem l o!r p1 b _h1 z a g5]al rule1 a cramp$ expression ^u _! faces :i* pa9$ & depress$ me4 ,^? :o came f ! c\ntry 7 bett]2 !y seem$ to h liv$ less z a sep>ate class1 & to be fre] & heal?i]2 b 9 spite ( my see+ n a few ^: looks 7 b5ign & noble1 ,i c\ld n help ask+ myself conc]n+ ! great] numb] ( ^? :om ,i met1 :e!r ,ere:on w\ld be a bett] c\ntry if _! expression 7 to be transf]r$ to ! p 9 g5]al4 ,i answ]$ myself emphatically1 no4 ,a man's expression is 8 sacram5t2 x is ! outw>d & visible sign ( 8 inw>d & spiritual grace1 or1 want ( grace2 & z ,i look$ at ! majority ( ^! m51 ,i c\ld n help feel+ t !re mu/ be a some?+ 9 _! lives :i* _h /unt$ _! natural developm5t1 & t !y w\ld h be5 m heal?ily-m9d$ 9 any o!r pr(ession4 ,i 0 always sorry = !m1 = 9 n9e cases out ( t5 !y 7 well- mean+ p]sons2 !y 7 9 ! ma9 v poorly paid2 _! con/itutions 7 z a rule above suspicion2 & !re 7 record$ numb]less in/ances ( _! self-sacrifice & g5]osity2 b !y _h _h ! mis=tune to h be5 betray$ into a false position at an age = ! mo/ "p :5 _! judgm5t 0 n matur$1 & aft] hav+ be5 kept 9 /udi$ ignorance ( ! real difficulties ( ! sy/em4 ,b ?is did n make _! position ! less a false "o1 & its bad effects ^u !mselves 7 unmi/akable4 ,few p w\ld speak q op5ly & freely be=e !m1 :i* /ruck me z a v bad sign4 ,:5 !y 7 9 ! room e "o w\ld talk z ?\gh all curr5cy save t ( ! musical banks %\ld be aboli%$2 & yet !y knew p]fectly well t ev5 ! ca%i]s !mselves h>dly us$ ! musical bank money m ?an o!r p4 ,x 0 expect$ ( !m t !y %\ld appe> to d s1 b ?is 0 all4 ,! less ?\ghtful ( !m did n seem p>ticul>ly unhappy1 b _m 7 pla9ly sick at he>t1 ?\gh p]haps !y h>dly knew x1 & w\ld n h own$ to be+ s4 ,"s few 7 oppon5ts ( ! :ole sy/em2 b ^! 7 liable to be dismiss$ f _! employm5t at any mom5t1 & ?is r5d]$ !m v c>eful1 = a man :o _h once be5 ca%i] at a musical bank 0 out ( ! field = o!r employm5t1 & 0 g5]ally unfitt$ = x by reason ( t c\rse ( treatm5t :i* 0 commonly call$ 8 education4 ,9 fact x 0 a c>e] f :i* retreat 0 virtually impossible1 & into :i* "y m5 7 g5]ally induc$ to ent] be=e !y c\ld be reasonably expect$1 consid]+ _! tra9+1 to h =m$ any op9ions ( _! own4 ,few inde$ 7 ^? :o _h ! c\rage to insi/ on see+ bo? sides ( ! "q be=e !y committ$ !mselves to ei!r4 ,"o w\ld h ?\ght t ?is 0 an elem5t>y pr9ciple1--"o ( ! fir/ ?+s t an hon\rable man w\ld tea* 8 boy to d2 b 9 practice x 0 n s4 ,i ev5 saw cases 9 :i* p>5ts b\ght ! "r ( pres5t+ to ! (fice ( ca%i] at "o ( ^! banks1 ) ! fix$ det]m9ation t "s "o ( _! sons 7p]haps a m]e *ild7 %\ld fill x4 ,!re 0 ! lad himself--gr[+ up ) e promise ( becom+ a good & hon\rable man--b utt]ly )\t w>n+ conc]n+ ! iron %oe :i* 8 natural protector 0 provid+ = him4 ,:o c\ld say t ! :ole ?+ w\ld n end 9 a life-long lie1 & va9 *af+ to escape8 ,i confess t !re 7 few ?+s 9 ,ere:on :i* %ock$ me m ?an ?is4 ,,bir? ,,=mulae4 7,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,( ,,ere:on47 ,i he>d :at foll[s n f ,ar[h5a1 b f ,mr4 ,nosnibor & "s ( ! g5tlem5 :o occasionally d9$ at ! h\se3 !y told me t ! ,ere:onians believe 9 pre-exi/5ce2 & n only ?is 7( :i* ,i w write m fully 9 ! next *apt]71 b !y believe t x is ( _! own free act & de$ 9 a previ\s /ate t p come to be born into ?is _w at all4 ,!y hold t ! unborn are p]petually plagu+ & torm5t+ ! m>ri$ 7& sometimes ev5 ! unm>ri$7 ( bo? sexes1 flutt]+ ab\t !m incessantly1 & giv+ !m no peace ei!r ( m9d or body until !y h cons5t$ to take !m "u _! protection4 ,if ?is 7 n s--?is is at lea/ :at !y urge--x w\ld be a mon/r\s fre$om = "o man to take ) ano!r1 to say t he %\ld und]go ! *ances & *anges ( ?is mortal life )\t any option 9 ! matt]4 ,no man w\ld h any "r to get m>ri$ at all1 inasmu* z he c nev] tell :at mis]y 8 do+ s may entail =cibly ^u 8 *ildr5 :o _c be unhappy z long z !y rema9 unborn4 ,!y feel ?is s /rongly t !y are resolv$ to %ift ! blame on to o!r %\ld]s2 !y h !re=e inv5t$ a long my?ology z to ! _w 9 :i* ! unborn p live1 :at !y d1 & ! arts & ma*9ations to :i* !y h rec\rse 9 ord] to get !mselves into our own _w4 ,i _c ?9k !y s]i\sly believe 9 ?is my?ology conc]n+ pre- exi/5ce2 !y d & !y d n2 !y d n "k !mselves :at !y believe2 all !y "k is t x is a disease n to believe z !y d4 ,! only ?+ ( :i* !y are q sure is t x is ! pe/]+ ( ! unborn1 :i* causes !m to be br\ght into ?is _w1 & t !y w\ld n be "h if !y w\ld only let peaceable p alone4 ,x w\ld be h>d to disprove ?is position1 & !y might h a good case if !y w\ld only leave x z x /&s4 ,b ?is !y w n d2 !y mu/ h assurance d\bly sure2 !y mu/ h ! writt5 ^w ( ! *ild itself z soon z x is born1 giv+ ! p>5ts indemnity f all responsibility on ! score ( its bir?1 & ass]t+ its own pre-exi/5ce4 ,!y h !re=e devis$ some?+ :i* !y call a bir? =mula--a docum5t :i* v>ies 9 words accord+ to ! caution ( p>5ts1 b is mu* ! same practically 9 all cases2 = x has be5 ! bus9ess ( ! ,ere:onian lawy]s dur+ _m ages to ex]cise _! skill 9 p]fect+ x & provid+ = e cont+5cy4 ,^! =mulae are pr9t$ on common pap] at a mod]ate co/ = ! poor2 b ! ri* h !m writt5 on p>*m5t & h&somely b\nd1 s t ! gett+ up ( a p]son's bir? =mula is a te/ ( 8 social position4 ,!y comm5ce by sett+ =?1 ,t :]eas ,a4 ,b4 0 a memb] ( ! k+dom ( ! unborn1 :]e he 0 well provid$ = 9 e way1 & _h no cause ( discont5t1 c4 c41 he did ( 8 own wanton re/lessness conceive a desire to ent] into ?is pres5t _w2 t !reon hav+ tak5 ! necess>y /eps z set =? 9 laws ( ! unborn k+dom1 he set himself ) malice a=e?\ght to plague & pe/] two un=tunate p :o _h nev] wrong$ him1 & :o 7 q cont5t$ until he conceiv$ ?is base design aga9/ _! peace2 = :i* wrong he n[ humbly entreats _! p>don4 ,he ackn[l$ges t he is responsible = all physical blemi%es & defici5cies :i* may r5d] him answ]able to ! laws ( 8 c\ntry2 t 8 p>5ts h no?+ :atev] to d ) any ( ^! ?+s2 & t !y h a "r to kill him at once if !y be s m9d$1 ?\gh he entreats !m to %[ _! m>vell\s goodness & clem5cy t[>ds him by sp>+ 8 life4 ,if !y w d ?is he promises to be _! mo/ abject creature dur+ 8 e>li] ye>s1 & inde$ unto 8 life's end1 unless !y %\ld see fit 9 _! abundant g5]osity to remit "s portion ( 8 s]vice h]eaft]4 ,& s ! =mula cont9ues1 go+ sometimes into v m9ute details1 accord+ to ! fancies ( family lawy]s1 :o w n make x any %ort] ?an !y c help4 ,! de$ be+ ?us prep>$1 on ! ?ird or f\r? day aft] ! bir? ( ! *ild1 or z !y call x1 ! f9al importunity1 ! fri5ds ga!r toge!r1 & !re is a fea/ held1 :]e !y are all v melan*oly--z a g5]al rule1 ,i believe q truly s--& make pres5ts to ! fa!r & "m ( ! *ild 9 ord] to console !m = ! injury :i* has j be5 done !m by ! unborn4 ,by & by ! *ild himself is br\ght d[n by 8 nurse1 & ! company beg9 to rail ^u him1 upbraid+ him = 8 imp]t95ce & ask+ him :at am5ds he proposes to make = ! wrong t he has committ$1 & h[ he c look = c>e & n\ri%m5t f ^? :o h p]haps already be5 injur$ by ! unborn on "s t5 or twelve occasions2 = !y say ( p ) l>ge families1 t !y h suff]$ t]rible injuries f ! unborn2 till at la/1 :5 ?is has be5 c>ri$ f> en\gh1 "s "o sugge/s ! =mula1 :i* is br\ght =? & solemnly read to ! *ild by ! family /raight5]4 ,?is g5tleman is always invit$ on ^! occasions1 = ! v fact ( intrusion into a peaceful family %[s a depravity on ! "p ( ! *ild :i* requires 8 pr(essional s]vices4 ,on be+ teas$ by ! read+ & tweak$ by ! nurse1 ! *ild w commonly fall a-cry+1 :i* is reckon$ a good sign z %[+ a consci\sness ( guilt4 ,he is !reon ask$1 ,does he ass5t to ! =mula8 on :i*1 z he /ill cont9ues cry+ & c obvi\sly make no answ]1 "s "o ( ! fri5ds comes =w>d & und]takes to sign ! docum5t on 8 behalf1 feel+ sure 7s he says7 t ! *ild w\ld d x if he only knew h[1 & t he w release ! pres5t sign] f 8 engagem5t on arriv+ at maturity4 ,! fri5d !n inscribes ! signature ( ! *ild at ! foot ( ! p>*m5t1 :i* is held to b9d ! *ild z mu* z ?\gh he _h sign$ x himself4 ,ev5 ?is1 h[ev]1 does n fully cont5t !m1 = !y feel a little uneasy until !y h got ! *ild's own signature aft] all4 ,s :5 he is ab\t f\rte5 ^! good p p>tly bribe him by promises ( great] lib]ty & good ?+s1 & p>tly intimidate him ?r\gh _! great p[] ( mak+ !mselves passively unpleasant to him1 s t ?\gh !re is a %[ ( fre$om made1 !re is really none1 & p>tly !y use ! (fices ( ! tea*]s 9 ! ,colleges ( ,unreason1 till at la/1 9 "o way or ano!r1 !y take v good c>e t he %all sign ! pap] by :i* he pr(esses to h be5 a free ag5t 9 com+ into ! _w1 & to take all ! responsibility ( hav+ done s on to 8 own %\ld]s4 ,& yet1 ?\gh ?is docum5t is 9 !ory ! mo/ important :i* any "o c sign 9 8 :ole life1 !y w h him commit himself to x at an age :5 nei!r !y nor ! law w = _m a ye> all[ any "o else to b9d him to ! smalle/ obligation1 no matt] h[ righte\sly he may owe x1 because !y hold him too "y to "k :at he is ab\t4 ,i ?\ght ?is seem$ r h>d1 & n ( a piece ) ! _m admirable in/itutions exi/+ among !m4 ,i once v5tur$ to say a "p ( :at ,i ?\ght ab\t x to "o ( ! ,pr(essors ( ,unreason4 ,i ask$ him :e!r he did n ?9k x w\ld d s]i\s h>m to a lad's pr9ciples1 & weak5 8 s5se ( ! sanctity ( 8 ^w1 & ( tru? g5]ally1 t he %\ld be l$ into ent]+ ^u an engagem5t :i* x 0 s pla9ly impossible he %\ld keep ev5 = a s+le day ) tol]able integrity--:e!r1 9 fact1 ! tea*]s :o s l$ him1 or :o taught any?+ z a c]ta9ty ( :i* !y 7 !mselves unc]ta91 7 n e>n+ _! liv+ by impair+ ! tru?-s5se ( _! pupils4 ,! pr(essor1 :o 0 a delightful p]son1 seem$ surpris$ at ! view ,i took1 & gave me to und]/&1 p]haps ju/ly en\gh1 t ,i ought n to make s mu* fuss ab\t a trifle4 ,no "o1 he said1 expect$ t ! boy ei!r w\ld or c\ld d all t he und]took2 b ! _w 0 full ( compromises2 & !re 0 h>dly any engagem5t :i* w\ld be> be+ int]pret$ lit]ally4 ,human language 0 too gross a vehicle ( ?\ght--?\ght be+ incapable ( absolute translation4 ,he add$1 t z !re c be no translation f "o language into ano!r :i* %all n scant ! mean+ some:at1 or enl>ge ^u x1 s !re is no language :i* c r5d] ?\ght )\t a j>r+ & a h>%ness some:]e--& s =?2 all ( :i* seem$ to come to ?is 9 ! end1 t x 0 ! cu/om ( ! c\ntry1 & t ! ,ere:onians 7 a cons]vative p2 t ! boy w\ld h to beg9 compromis+ soon] or lat]1 & ?is 0 "p ( 8 education 9 ! art4 ,x 0 p]haps to be regrett$ t compromise %\ld be z necess>y z x 02 /ill x 0 necess>y1 & ! soon] ! boy got to und]/& x ! bett] = himself4 ,b !y nev] tell ?is to ! boy4 ,f ! book ( _! my?ology ab\t ! unborn ,i made ! extracts :i* w =m ! foll[+ *apt]4 ,,! ,,_w ,,( ,,! ,,unborn4 7,,"p ,,( ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,( ,,ere:on47 ,! ,ere:onians say x 0 by *ance only t ! e>? & />s & all ! heav5ly worlds began to roll f ea/ to we/1 & n f we/ to ea/1 & 9 l mann] !y say x is by *ance t man is drawn ?r\gh life ) 8 face to ! pa/ in/ead ( to ! future4 ,= ! future is !re z mu* z ! pa/1 only t we may n see x4 ,is x n 9 ! lo9s ( ! pa/1 & mu/ n ! pa/ alt] be=e ! future c d s8 ,!y h a fable t !re 0 a race ( m5 tri$ ^u ! e>? once1 :o knew ! future bett] ?an ! pa/1 b t !y di$ 9 a twelvemon? f ! mis]y :i* _! k caus$ !m4 ,!y say t if any 7 to be born too presci5t n[1 he w\ld die mis]ably1 be=e he _h "t to transmit s peace-de/roy+ a faculty to desc5dants4 ,/range fate = man6 ,he mu/ p]i% if he get t1 :i* he mu/ p]i% if he /rive n aft]4 ,if he /rive n aft] x he is no bett] ?an ! brutes1 if he get x he is m mis]able ?an ! devils4 ,hav+ wad$ ?r\gh _m *apt]s l ! above1 ,i came at la/ to ! unborn !mselves1 & f\nd t !y 7 held to be s\ls pure & simple1 hav+ no actual bodies1 b liv+ 9 a sort ( gase\s yet m or less an?ropomorphic exi/5ce1 l t ( a gho/2 !y h ?us nei!r fle% nor blood nor w>m?4 ,nev]!less !y are suppos$ to h local habitations & cities :]e9 !y dwell1 ?\gh ^! are z unsub/antial z _! inhabitants2 !y are ev5 ?\ght to eat & dr9k "s ?9 ambrosial su/5ance1 & g5]ally to be capable ( do+ :atev] mank9d c d1 only aft] a vision>y gho/ly fa%ion1 z 9 a dream4 ,on ! o!r h&1 z long z !y rema9 :]e !y are !y nev] die--! only =m ( dea? 9 ! unborn _w be+ ! leav+ x = our own4 ,!y are believ$ to be extremely num]\s1 f> m s ?an mank9d4 ,!y arrive f unkn[n planets1 full gr[n1 9 l>ge bat*es at a "t2 b !y c only leave ! unborn _w by tak+ ! /eps necess>y = _! arrival "h--:i* is1 9 fact1 by suicide4 ,!y ought to be a happy p1 = !y h no extremes ( good or ill =tune2 nev] m>ry+1 b liv+ 9 a /ate mu* l t fabl$ by ! poets z ! primitive condition ( mank9d4 ,9 spite ( ?is1 h[ev]1 !y are incessantly compla9+2 !y "k t we 9 ?is _w h bodies1 & inde$ !y "k ev]y?+ else ab\t u1 = !y move among u :i!rsoev] !y w1 & c read our ?\ghts1 z well z survey our actions at pleasure4 ,"o w\ld ?9k t ?is %\ld be en\gh = !m2 & inde$ mo/ ( !m are alive to ! desp]ate risk :i* !y w run by indulg+ !mselves 9 t body ) s5sible w>m motion :i* !y s mu* desire2 nev]!less1 !re are "s to :om ! ennui ( a disembodi$ exi/5ce is s intol]able t !y w v5ture any?+ = a *ange2 s !y resolve to quit4 ,! conditions :i* !y mu/ accept are s unc]ta91 t none b ! mo/ fooli% ( ! unborn w cons5t to take !m2 & x is f ^! & ^! only t our own ranks are recruit$4 ,:5 !y h f9ally made up _! m9ds to leave1 !y mu/ g be=e ! magi/rate ( ! ne>e/ t[n & sign an affidavit ( _! desire to quit _! !n exi/5ce4 ,on _! hav+ done ?is1 ! magi/rate reads !m ! conditions :i* !y mu/ accept1 & :i* are s long t ,i c only extract "s ( ! pr9cipal po9ts1 :i* are ma9ly ! foll[+3-- ,fir/1 !y mu/ take a potion :i* w de/roy _! memory & s5se ( id5tity2 !y mu/ g into ! _w helpless1 & )\t a w ( _! own2 !y mu/ draw lots = _! dispositions be=e !y g1 & take x1 su* z x is1 = bett] or worse--nei!r are !y to be all[$ any *oice 9 ! matt] ( ! body :i* !y s mu* desire2 !y are simply allott$ by *ance1 & )\t appeal1 to two p :om x is _! bus9ess to f9d & pe/] until !y adopt !m4 ,:o ^! are to be1 :e!r ri* or poor1 k9d or unk9d1 heal?y or diseas$1 !re is no kn[+2 !y h1 9 fact1 to entru/ !mselves = _m ye>s to ! c>e ( ^? = ^: good con/itution & good s5se !y h no sort ( gu>antee4 ,x is curi\s to read ! lectures :i* ! wis] heads give to ^? :o are m$itat+ a *ange4 ,!y talk ) !m z we talk ) a sp5d?rift1 & ) ab\t z mu* success4 ,to be born1 !y say1 is a felony--x is a capital crime1 = :i* s5t5ce may be execut$ at any mom5t aft] ! commission ( ! (f5ce4 ,y may p]haps happ5 to live = "s sev5ty or eighty ye>s1 b :at is t1 9 comp>ison ) ! et]nity :i* y n[ enjoy8 ,& ev5 ?\gh ! s5t5ce 7 commut$1 & y 7 all[$ to live = ev]1 y w\ld 9 "t become s t]ribly we>y ( life t execution w\ld be ! greate/ m]cy to y4 ,consid] ! inf9ite risk2 to be born ( wick$ p>5ts & tra9$ 9 vice6 to be born ( silly p>5ts1 & tra9$ to unrealities6 ( p>5ts :o reg>d y z a sort ( *attel or prop]ty1 belong+ m to !m ?an to y\rself6 ,aga91 y may draw utt]ly unsympa!tic p>5ts1 :o w nev] be able to und]/& y1 & :o w ?w>t y z long z !y c to ! utmo/ ( _! p[] 7z a h5 :5 %e has hat*$ a duckl+71 & !n call y ungrateful because y d n love !m1 or p>5ts :o may look ^u y z a ?+ to be c[$ :ile x is /ill "y1 le/ x %\ld give !m tr\ble h]eaft] by hav+ wi%es & feel+s ( its own4 ,9 lat] life1 :5 y h be5 f9ally all[$ to pass mu/] z a full memb] ( ! _w1 y w y\rself become liable to ! pe/]+s ( ! unborn--& a v happy life y may be l$ 9 consequ5ce6 ,= we solicit s /rongly t a few only--nor ^! ! be/--c refuse u2 & yet n to refuse is mu* ! same z go+ into p>tn]%ip ) half a doz5 diff]5t p ab\t :om "o c "k absolutely no?+ be=eh&--n ev5 :e!r "o is go+ into p>tn]%ip ) m5 or wom51 nor ) h[ _m ( ei!r4 ,delude n y\rself ) ?9k+ t y w be wis] ?an y\r p>5ts4 ,y may be an age 9 advance ( !m1 b unless y are "o ( ! great ones 7& if y are "o ( ! great ones1 woe betide y71 y w /ill be an age beh9d y\r *ildr54 ,imag9e :at x mu/ be to h an unborn qu>t]$ ^u y1 :o is ( a diff]5t temp]am5t to y\r own2 nay1 half a doz5 su*1 :o w n love y ?\gh y may tell !m t y h /9t$ y\rself 9 a ?\s& ways to provide = _! well-be+1--:o w =get all t self-sacrifice ( :i* y are y\rself s consci\s1 & ( :om y may nev] be sure t !y are n be>+ a grudge aga9/ y = errors ( judgm5t into :i* y may h fall51 b :i* y _h hop$ _h be5 long s9ce aton$ =4 ,+ratitude su* z ?is is n uncommon1 yet fancy :at x mu/ be to be>6 ,x is h>d ^u ! duckl+ to h be5 hat*$ by a h51 b is x n also h>d ^u ! h5 to h hat*$ ! duckl+8 ,consid] x aga91 we pray y1 n = our sake b = y\r own4 ,y\r initial "* y mu/ draw by lot2 b :atev] x is1 x c only come to a tol]ably successful developm5t aft] long tra9+2 rememb] t ov] t tra9+ y w h no control4 ,x is possible1 & ev5 probable1 t :atev] y may get 9 aft] life :i* is ( real pleasure & s]vice to y1 w h to be won 9 spite (1 r ?an by ! help (1 ^? :om y are n[ ab\t to pe/]1 & t y w only w9 y\r fre$om aft] ye>s ( a pa9ful /ruggle1 9 :i* x w be h>d to say :e!r y h suff]$ mo/ injury1 or inflict$ x4 ,rememb] also1 t if y g into ! _w y w h free w2 t y w be oblig$ to h x1 t !re is no escap+ x1 t y w be fett]$ to x dur+ y\r :ole life1 & mu/ on e occasion d t :i* on ! :ole seems be/ to y at any giv5 "t1 no matt] :e!r y are "r or wrong 9 *oos+ x4 ,y\r m9d w be a balance = consid]ations1 & y\r action w g ) ! heavi] scale4 ,h[ x %all fall w dep5d ^u ! k9d ( scales :i* y may h drawn at bir?1 ! bias :i* !y w h obta9$ by use1 & ! weight ( ! imm$iate consid]ations4 ,if ! scales 7 good to />t )1 & if !y h n be5 outrage\sly tamp]$ ) 9 *ildhood1 & if ! comb9ations into :i* y ent] are av]age ones1 y may come (f well2 b !re are too _m ifs 9 ?is1 & ) ! failure ( any "o ( !m y\r mis]y is assur$4 ,reflect on ?is1 & rememb] t %\ld ! ill come ^u y1 y w h y\rself to ?ank1 = x is y\r own *oice to be born1 & !re is no compulsion 9 ! matt]4 ,n t we d5y ! exi/5ce ( pleasures among mank9d2 !re is a c]ta9 %[ ( sundry phases ( cont5tm5t :i* may ev5 am\nt to v consid]able happ9ess2 b m>k h[ !y are di/ribut$ ov] a man's life1 belong+1 all ! ke5e/ ( !m1 to ! =e "p1 & few inde$ to ! aft]4 ,c !re be any pleasure wor? pur*as+ ) ! mis]ies ( a decrepit age8 ,if y are good1 /rong1 & h&some1 y h a f9e =tune inde$ at tw5ty1 b h[ mu* ( x w be left at sixty8 ,= y mu/ live on y\r capital2 !re is no inve/+ y\r p[]s s t y may get a small annuity ( life = ev]3 y mu/ eat up y\r pr9cipal bit by bit & be tortur$ by see+ x gr[ cont9ually small] & small]1 ev5 ?\gh y happ5 to escape be+ rudely robb$ ( x by crime or casualty4 ,rememb]1 too1 t !re nev] yet 0 a man ( =ty :o w\ld n come back into ! _w ( ! unborn if he c\ld d s ) dec5cy & hon\r4 ,be+ 9 ! _w1 he w z a g5]al rule /ay till he is =c$ to g2 b d y ?9k t he w\ld cons5t to be born aga91 & re-live 8 life1 if he _h ! (f] ( do+ s8 ,d n ?9k x4 ,if he c\ld s alt] ! pa/ z t he %\ld nev] h come into be+ at all1 d y n ?9k t he w\ld d x v gladly8 ,:at 0 x t "o ( _! own poets meant1 if x 0 n ?is1 :5 he cri$ out ^u ! day 9 :i* he 0 born1 & ! night 9 :i* x 0 said !re is a man *ild conceiv$8 ',= n[1' he says1 ',i %\ld h la9 /ill & be5 quiet1 ,i %\ld h slept2 !n _h ,i be5 at re/ ) k+s & c\nsellors ( ! e>?1 :i* built desolate places = !mselves2 or ) pr9ces t _h gold1 :o fill$ _! h\ses ) silv]2 or z an hidd5 untimely bir?1 ,i _h n be52 z infants :i* nev] saw light4 ,!re ! wick$ cease f tr\bl+1 & ! we>y are at re/4' ,be v sure t ! guilt ( be+ born c>ries ?is puni%m5t at times to all m52 b h[ c !y ask = pity1 or compla9 ( any mis*ief t may befall !m1 hav+ ent]$ op5-ey$ into ! sn>e8 ,"o ^w m & we h done4 ,if any fa9t remembrance1 z ( a dream1 flit 9 "s puzzl$ mom5t across y\r bra91 & y %all feel t ! potion :i* is to be giv5 y %all n h done its "w1 & ! memory ( ?is exi/5ce :i* y are leav+ endeav\rs va9ly to return2 we say 9 su* a mom5t1 :5 y clut* at ! dream b x eludes y\r grasp1 & y wat* x1 z ,orpheus wat*$ ,eurydice1 glid+ back aga9 into ! twilight k+dom1 fly--fly--if y c rememb] ! advice--to ! hav5 ( y\r pres5t & imm$iate duty1 tak+ %elt] incessantly 9 ! "w :i* y h 9 h&4 ,?is mu* y may p]haps recall2 & ?is1 if y w impr9t x deeply ^u y\r e faculty1 w be mo/ likely to br+ y safely & hon\rably home ?r\gh ! trials t are be=e y4 #dg ,?is is ! fa%ion 9 :i* !y reason ) ^? :o w\ld be = leav+ !m1 b x is seldom t !y d mu* good1 = none b ! unquiet & unreasonable ev] ?9k ( be+ born1 & ^? :o are fooli% en\gh to ?9k ( x are g5]ally fooli% en\gh to d x4 ,f9d+ !re=e t !y c d no m1 ! fri5ds foll[ weep+ to ! c\r?\se ( ! *ief magi/rate1 :]e ! "o :o wi%es to be born decl>es solemnly & op5ly t he accepts ! conditions atta*$ to 8 decision4 ,on ?is he is pres5t$ ) ! potion1 :i* imm$iately de/roys 8 memory & s5se ( id5tity1 & dissipates ! ?9 gase\s t5em5t :i* he has inhabit$3 he becomes a b>e vital pr9ciple1 n to be p]ceiv$ by human s5ses1 nor appreciat$ by any *emical te/4 ,he has b "o in/9ct1 :i* is t he is to g to su* & su* a place1 :]e he w f9d two p]sons :om he is to importune till !y cons5t to und]take him2 b :e!r he is to f9d ^! p]sons among ! race ( ,*[bok or ! ,ere:onians !mselves is n = him to *oose4 ,,selections ,,f ,,! ,,fair ,,hav54 ,,memoir ,,( ,,! ,,late ,,john ,,pick>d ,,ow54 7,,*apt] ,i4 ,,( ,,! ,,fair ,,hav547 #dh ,! subject ( ?is memoir1 & au?or ( ! "w :i* foll[s x1 0 born 9 ,goodge ,/reet1 ,tott5ham ,c\rt ,road1 ,london1 on ! #e? ( ,febru>y #ahcb4 ,he 0 my eld] bro!r by ab\t eighte5 mon?s4 ,our fa!r & "m _h once be5 ri*1 b ?r\gh a succession ( unavoidable mis=tunes !y 7 left ) b a sl5d] income :5 my bro!r & myself 7 ab\t ?ree & f\r ye>s old4 ,my fa!r di$ "s five or six ye>s aft]w>ds1 & we only recollect$ him z a s+ul>ly g5tle & humor\s playmate :o dot$ ^u u bo? & nev] spoke unk9dly4 ,! *>m ( su* a recollection c nev] be dispell$2 bo? my bro!r & myself return$ 8 love ) int]e/1 & *]i%$ 8 memory ) ! mo/ affectionate regret1 f ! day on :i* he left u till ! "t came t ! "o ( u 0 aga9 to see him face to face4 ,s sweet & w9n+ 0 8 nature t 8 slighte/ wi% 0 our law--& :5ev] we pleas$ him1 no matt] h[ little1 he nev] fail$ to ?ank u z ?\gh we _h done him a s]vice :i* we %\ld h _h a p]fect "r to )hold4 ,h[ pr\d 7 we ^u any ( ^! occasions1 & h[ we c\rt$ ! opportunity ( be+ ?ank$6 ,he did inde$ well "k ! art ( becom+ idolis$ by 8 *ildr51 & de>ly did he prize ! results ( 8 own pr(ici5cy2 yet truly !re 0 no art ab\t x2 all arose spontane\sly f ! well-spr+ ( a sympa!tic nature :i* 0 quick to feel z o!rs felt1 :e!r old or "y1 ri* or poor1 wise or fooli%4 ,on "o po9t alone did he neglect u--,i ref] to our religi\s education4 ,on all o!r matt]s he 0 ! k9de/ & mo/ c>eful tea*] 9 ! _w4 ,love & gratitude be to 8 memory6 ,my "m lov$ u no less ard5tly ?an my fa!r1 b %e 0 ( a quick] temp]1 & less adept at conciliat+ affection4 ,%e mu/ h be5 exce$+ly h&some :5 %e 0 "y1 & 0 /ill comely :5 we fir/ rememb]$ h]2 %e 0 also highly accompli%$1 b %e felt my fa!r's loss ( =tune m ke5ly ?an my fa!r himself1 & x prey$ ^u h] m9d1 ?\gh r = our sake ?an = h] own4 ,_h we n kn[n my fa!r we %\ld h lov$ h] bett] ?an any "o 9 ! _w1 b affection goes by comp>ison1 & my fa!r spoil$ u = any "o b himself2 inde$1 9 aft] life1 ,i rememb] my "m's tell+ me1 ) _m te>s1 h[ jeal\s %e _h (t5 be5 ( ! love we bore him1 & h[ mean %e _h ?\ght x ( him to entru/ all scold+ or repression to h]1 s t he might h m ?an 8 due %>e ( our affection4 ,n t ,i believe my fa!r did ?is consci\sly2 /ill1 he s greatly hat$ scold+ t ,i d>e say we might (t5 h got (f scot-free :5 we really des]v$ repro( _h n my "m und]tak5 ! onus ( scold+ u h]self4 ,we !re=e naturally fe>$ h] m ?an my fa!r1 & fe>+ m we lov$ less4 ,= z love ca/e? out fe>1 s fe> love4 ,?is mu/ h be5 h>d to be>1 & my "m sc>cely knew ! way to be> x4 ,%e tri$ to upbraid u1 9 little ways1 into lov+ h] z mu* z my fa!r2 ! m %e tri$ ?is1 ! less we c\ld succe$ 9 do+ x2 & s on & s on 9 a fa%ion :i* ne$ n be detail$4 ,n b :at we really lov$ h] deeply1 :ile h] affection = u 0 insurpassable2 /ill we lov$ h] less ?an we lov$ my fa!r1 & ?is 0 ! grievance4 ,my fa!r entru/$ our religi\s education entirely to my "m4 ,he 0 himself1 ,i am assur$1 ( a deeply religi\s turn ( m9d1 & a ?or\ghly consi/5t memb] ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&2 b he conceiv$1 & p]haps rightly1 t x is ! "m :o %\ld fir/ tea* h] *ildr5 to lift _! h&s 9 pray]1 & imp>t to !m a k ( ! ,"o 9 :om we live & move & h our be+4 ,my "m accept$ ! task gladly1 = 9 spite ( a c]ta9 n>r[ness ( view--! natural b deplorable result ( h] e>li] surr\nd+s--%e 0 "o ( ! mo/ truly pi\s wom5 :om ,i h ev] kn[n2 un=tunately = h]self & u %e _h be5 tra9$ 9 ! l[e/ s*ool ( ,evangelical lit]alism--a s*ool :i* 9 aft] life bo? my bro!r & myself came to reg>d z ! ma9 ob/acle to ! complete ov]?r[ ( unbelief2 we !re=e look$ ^u x ) some?+ /rong] ?an av]sion1 & = my own "p ,i /ill deem x p]haps ! mo/ insidi\s enemy :i* ! cause ( ,*ri/ has ev] enc\nt]$4 ,b ( ?is m h]eaft]4 ,my "m1 z ,i said1 ?rew h] :ole s\l into ! "w ( our religi\s education4 ,:atev] %e believ$ %e believ$ lit]ally1 &1 if ,i may say s1 ) a h>%ness ( realisation :i* left little scope = imag9ation or my/]y4 ,h] ideas conc]n+ heav5 & h] solutions ( life's enigmas 7 cle> & simple1 b !y c\ld only be reconcil$ ) c]ta9 obvi\s facts--su* z ! omnipot5ce & all-goodness ( ,god--by leav+ _m ?+s absolutely out ( sight4 ,& ?is my "m succe$$ effectually 9 do+4 ,%e nev] d\bt$ t h] op9ions compris$ ! tru?1 ! :ole tru?1 & no?+ b ! tru?2 %e !re=e made ha/e to s[ ! good se$ 9 our t5d] m9ds1 & s f> succe$$ t :5 my bro!r 0 f\r ye>s old he c\ld repeat ! ,apo/les' ,cre$1 ! g5]al confession1 & ! ,"l's ,pray] )\t a blund]4 ,my "m made h]self believe t he delight$ 9 !m2 b1 alas6 x 0 f> o!rwise2 = /range z x may appe> conc]n+ "o ^: lat] life 0 a cont9ual pray]1 9 *ildhood he dete/$ no?+ s mu* z be+ made to pray1 & to le>n 8 cate*ism4 ,9 ?is ,i am sorry to say we 7 bo? he>tily ( a m9d4 ,z = ,sunday ! less said ! bett]4 ,i h already h9t$ 7b z a w>n+ to o!r p>5ts _h bett]1 p]haps1 express myself m pla9ly7 t ?is av]sion 0 probably ! result ( my "m's undue eag]ness to reap an artificial fruit ( lip- s]vice1 :i* c\ld h little mean+ to ! he>t ( "o s "y4 ,i believe t ! sev]e *eck :i* ! natural gr[? ( fai? exp]i5c$ 9 my bro!r's case 0 due almo/ entirely to ?is cause1 & to ! s*ool ( lit]alism 9 :i* he _h be5 tra9$2 b1 h[ev] ?is may be1 we bo? ( u hat$ be+ made to say our pray]s4 ,morn+ & ev5+ x 0 our "o bugbe>1 & we w\ld avoid x1 z inde$ *ildr5 g5]ally w1 by e artifice :i* we c\ld employ4 ,?us we 7 9 ! habit ( feign+ to be asleep %ortly be=e pray] "t1 & w\ld gratefully he> my fa!r tell my "m t x 0 a %ame to wake u2 :]eon he w\ld c>ry u up to b$ 9 a /ate app>5tly ( ! pr(\nde/ slumb] :5 we 7 really wide awake & 9 great fe> ( detection4 ,= we knew h[ to pret5d to be asleep1 b we did n "k h[ we ought to wake aga92 !re 0 no?+ = x !re=e :5 we 7 once committ$1 b to g on sleep+ till we 7 fairly undress$ & put to b$1 & c\ld wake up safely 9 ! d>k4 ,b deceit is nev] long successful1 & we 7 at la/ ignom9i\sly expos$4 ,x happ5$ "o ev5+ t my "m suspect$ my bro!r ,john1 & tri$ to op5 8 little h&s :i* 7 ly+ clasp$ 9 front ( him4 ,n[ my bro!r 0 z yet v crude & inconsi/5t 9 8 !ories conc]n+ sleep1 & _h no conception :at a real sleep] w\ld d "u ^! circum/ances4 ,fe> depriv$ him ( 8 p[]s ( reflection1 & he ?us un=tunately conclud$ t because sleep]s1 s f> z he _h obs]v$ !m1 7 always motionless1 !re=e !y mu/ be rigid & incapable ( motion2 & inde$ t any movem5t1 "u any circum/ances 7= f 8 e>lie/ *ildhood he lik$ to c>ry 8 !ories to _! legitimate conclusion71 w\ld be physically impossible = "o :o 0 really sleep+2 =getful1 oh6 unhappy "o1 ( ! flexibility ( 8 own body on be+ c>ri$ up /airs1 &1 m unhappy /ill1 ignorant ( ! art ( wak+4 ,he !re=e cl5*$ 8 f+]s h>d] & h>d] z he felt my "m try+ to unfold !m1 :ile 8 head hung li/less1 & 8 eyes 7 clos$ z ?\gh he 7 sleep+ sweetly4 ,x is ne$less to detail ! agony ( %ame t foll[$4 ,my "m begg$ my fa!r to box 8 e>s1 :i* my fa!r flatly refus$ to d4 ,!n %e box$ !m h]self1 & !re foll[$ a sc5e1 & a day or two ( disgrace = bo? ( u4 ,%ortly aft] ?is !re happ5$ ano!r misadv5ture4 ,a lady came to /ay ) my "m1 & 0 to sleep 9 a b$ t _h be5 br\ght into our nurs]y1 = my fa!r's =tunes _h already fail$1 & we 7 liv+ 9 a humble way4 ,we 7 /ill b f\r & five ye>s old1 s ! arrangem5t 0 n unnatural1 & x 0 assum$ t we %\ld be asleep be=e ! lady w5t to b$1 & be d[n /airs be=e %e w\ld get up 9 ! morn+4 ,b ! arrival ( ?is lady & h] be+ put to sleep 9 ! nurs]y 7 great ev5ts to u 9 ^? days1 & be+ p>ticul>ly want$ to g to sleep1 we ( c\rse sat up 9 b$ talk+ & keep+ ourselves awake till %e %\ld come up /airs4 ,p]haps we _h fanci$ t %e w\ld give u some?+1 b if s we 7 disappo9t$4 ,h[ev]1 :e!r ?is 0 ! case or n1 we 7 wide awake :5 our visitor came to b$1 & hav+ no p>ticul> object to ga91 we made no pret5ce ( sleep+4 ,! lady kiss$ u bo?1 told u to lie /ill & g to sleep l good *ildr51 & !n began do+ h] hair4 ,i rememb] ?is 0 ! occasion on :i* my bro!r discov]$ a good _m ?+s 9 connection ) ! fair sex :i* _h hi!rto be5 beyond 8 k52 m especially t ! mass ( petticoats & clo!s :i* envelop ! female =m 7 n1 z he express$ x to me1 all solid woman1 b t wom5 7 n 9 reality m sub/antially built ?an m51 & _h legs z mu* z he _h--a fact :i* he _h nev] yet realis$4 ,on ?is he = a long "t consid]$ !m z impo/ors1 :o _h wrong$ him by lead+ him to suppose t !y _h f> m body 9 !m 7s he said7 ?an he n[ f\nd !y _h4 ,?is 0 a sort ( ?+ :i* he reg>d$ ) /]n moral reprobation4 ,if he _h be5 old en\gh to h a solicitor ,i believe he w\ld h put ! matt] into 8 h&s1 z well z c]ta9 o!r ?+s :i* _h lately tr\bl$ him4 ,= b rec5tly my "m _h b\ght a f[l1 & he _h se5 x pluck$1 & ! inside tak5 out2 8 irritation _h be5 extreme on discov]+ t f[ls 7 n all solid fle%1 b t _! insides--& ^! =m$1 z x appe>$ to him1 an enorm\s p]c5tage ( ! bird--7 p]fectly useless4 ,he 0 n[ beg9n+ to und]/& t %eep & c[s 7 also holl[ z f> z good meat 0 conc]n$2 ! fle% !y _h 0 only a m\?ful 9 comp>ison ) :at !y ought to h consid]+ _! app>5t bulk3 insignificant1 m]e sk9 & bone cov]+ a cav]n4 ,:at "r _h !y1 or any?+ else1 to ass]t !mselves z s big1 & prove s empty8 ,& n[ ?is discov]y ( woman's falsehood 0 q too mu* = him4 ,! _w itself 0 holl[1 made up ( %ams & delusions1 full ( s\nd & fury signify+ no?+4 ,truly a prosaic "y g5tleman en\gh4 ,ev]y?+ ) him 0 to be exactly 9 all its p>ts :at x appe>$ on ! face ( x1 & ev]y?+ 0 to g on do+ exactly :at x _h be5 do+ hi!rto4 ,if a ?+ look$ solid1 x 0 to be v solid2 if holl[1 v holl[2 no?+ 0 to be half & half1 & no?+ 0 to *ange unless he _h himself already become accu/om$ to its times & mann]s ( *ang+2 !re 7 to be no exceptions & no contradictions2 all ?+s 7 to be p]fectly consi/5t1 & all premisses to be c>ri$ ) extreme/ rig\r to _! legitimate conclusions4 ,heav5 0 to be v neat 7= he 0 always tidy himself71 & free f sudd5 %ocks to ! n]v\s sy/em1 su* z ^? caus$ by dogs b>k+ at him1 or c[s driv5 9 ! /reets4 ,god 0 to resemble my fa!r1 & ! ,holy ,_s to be> "s sort ( indi/9ct analogy to my "m4 ,su* 7 ! ideal !ories ( 8 *ildhood--unconsci\sly =m$1 b v firmly believ$ 94 ,z he grew up he made su* modifications z 7 =c$ ^u him by enl>g$ p]ceptions1 b e modification 0 an ef=t to him1 9 spite ( a cont9ual & successful resi/ance to :at he recognis$ z 8 initial m5tal defect4 ,i may p]haps be all[$ to say "h1 9 ref]5ce to a rem>k 9 ! prec$+ p>agraph1 t bo? my bro!r & myself us$ to notice x z an almo/ inv>iable rule t *ildr5's e>lie/ ideas ( ,god are modell$ ^u ! "* ( _! fa!r--if !y h "o4 ,%\ld ! fa!r be k9d1 consid]ate1 full ( ! w>me/ love1 fond ( %[+ x1 & res]v$ only ab\t 8 displeasure1 ! *ild1 hav+ le>n$ to look ^u ,god z 8 ,heav5ly ,fa!r ?r\gh ! ,"l's ,pray] & our ,*ur* ,s]vices1 w feel t[>ds ,god z he does t[>ds 8 own fa!r2 ?is conception w /ick to a man = ye>s & ye>s aft] he has atta9$ manhood--probably x w nev] leave him4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if a man has f\nd 8 e>?ly fa!r h>% & uncong5ial1 8 conception ( 8 ,heav5ly ,p>5t w be pa9ful4 ,he w beg9 by see+ ,god z an exagg]at$ lik5ess ( 8 fa!r4 ,he w !re=e %r9k f ,him4 ,! rott5ness ( /ill-born love 9 ! he>t ( a *ild poisons ! blood ( ! s\l1 & h5ce1 lat]1 crime4 ,to return1 h[ev]1 to ! lady4 ,:5 %e _h put on h] night-g[n1 %e knelt d[n by h] b$-side &1 to our con/]nation1 began to say h] pray]s4 ,?is 0 a cruel bl[ to bo? ( u2 we _h always be5 "u ! impression t gr[n-up p 7 n made to say _! pray]s1 & ! idea ( any "o say+ !m ( 8 or h] own accord _h nev] occurr$ to u z possible4 ,( c\rse ! lady w\ld n say h] pray]s if %e 7 n oblig$2 & yet %e did say !m2 !re=e %e mu/ be oblig$ to say !m2 !re=e we %\ld be oblig$ to say !m1 & ?is 0 a great disappo9tm5t4 ,awe-/ruck & op5-m\!d we li/5$ :ile ! lady pray$ al\d & ) a good deal ( pa?os = _m virtues & bless+s :i* ,i d n n[ rememb]1 & f9ally = my fa!r & "m & = bo? ( u--%ortly aft]w>ds %e rose1 blew out ! light & got into b$4 ,e ^w t %e said _h confirm$ our wor/ appreh5sions3 x 0 j :at we _h be5 taught to say ourselves4 ,next morn+ we comp>$ notes & drew "s pa9ful inf]5ces2 b 9 ! c\rse ( ! day our spirits ralli$4 ,we agre$ t !re 7 _m my/]ies 9 connection ) life & ?+s :i* x 0 high "t to unravel1 & t an opportunity 0 n[ af=d$ u :i* might n readily occur aga94 ,all we _h to d 0 to be true to ourselves & equal to ! occasion4 ,we laid our plans ) great a/ut5ess4 ,we w\ld be fa/ asleep :5 ! lady came up to b$1 b our heads %\ld be turn$ 9 ! direction ( h] b$1 & cov]$ ) clo!s1 all b a s+le peep-hole4 ,my bro!r1 z ! elde/1 _h cle>ly a "r to be ne>e/ ! lady1 b ,i c\ld see suffici5tly1 & c\ld dep5d on 8 report+ fai?fully :atev] %\ld escape me4 ,!re 0 no *ance ( h] giv+ u any?+--if %e _h meant to d s %e w\ld h done x soon]2 %e might1 inde$1 consid] ! mom5t ( h] dep>ture z ! mo/ auspici\s = ?is purpose1 b !n %e 0 n go+ yet1 & ! int]val 0 at our own disposal4 ,we sp5t ! aft]noon 9 try+ to le>n to snore1 b we 7 n c]ta9 ab\t x1 & 9 ! end conclud$ t z snor+ 0 n de rigueur we _h bett] disp5se ) x4 ,we 7 put to b$2 ! light 0 tak5 away2 we 7 told to g to sleep1 & promis$ fai?fully t we w\ld d s2 ! tongue inde$ swore1 b ! m9d 0 unsworn4 ,x 0 agre$ t we %\ld keep p9*+ "o ano!r to prev5t our go+ to sleep4 ,we did s at frequ5t int]vals2 at la/ our pati5ce 0 rew>d$ ) ! heavy creak1 z ( a /\t eld]ly lady lab\r+ up ! /airs1 & pres5tly our victim ent]$4 ,to cut a long /ory %ort1 ! lady on satisfy+ h]self t we 7 asleep1 nev] said h] pray]s at all2 dur+ ! rema9d] ( h] visit :5ev] %e f\nd u awake %e always said !m1 b :5 %e ?\ght we 7 asleep1 %e nev] pray$4 ,i %\ld p]haps say t we _h ! matt] out ) h] be=e %e left1 & t ! consequ5ces 7 unpleasant = all p>ties2 !y add$ to ! tr\bles 9 :i* we 7 already involv$ z to our pray]s1 & 7 indirectly among ! e>lie/ causes :i* l$ my bro!r to look ) scepticism ^u religion4 ,= a:ile1 h[ev]1 all w5t on z ?\gh no?+ _h happ5$4 ,an effect ( di/ru/1 inde$1 rema9$ aft] ! cause _h be5 =gott51 b my bro!r 0 /ill too "y to oppose any?+ t my "m told him1 & to all outw>d appe>ance he grew 9 grace no less rapidly ?an 9 /ature4 ,= ye>s we l$ a quiet & ev5tless life1 brok5 only by ! "o great sorr[ ( our fa!r's dea?4 ,%ortly aft] ?is we 7 s5t to a day s*ool 9 ,bloomsbury4 ,we 7 nei!r ( u v happy !re1 b my bro!r1 :o always took k9dly to 8 books1 pick$ up a fair k ( ,lat9 & ,greek2 he also le>n$ to draw1 & to ex]cise himself a little 9 ,engli% composition4 ,:5 ,i 0 ab\t f\rte5 my "m capitalis$ a "p ( h] income & />t$ me (f to ,am]ica1 :]e %e _h fri5ds :o c\ld give me a help+ h&2 by _! k9dness ,i 0 enabl$1 aft] an abs5ce ( tw5ty ye>s1 to return ) a h&some income1 b n1 alas6 be=e ! dea? ( my "m4 ,up to ! "t ( my dep>ture my "m cont9u$ to read ! ,bible ) u & expla9 x4 ,%e _h become enam\r$ ( ^? mill5>ian op9ions :i* laid hold ( s _m "s tw5ty-five or ?irty ye>s ago4 ,! ,apocalypse 0 p]haps h] fav\rite book 9 ! ,bible1 & %e 0 imbu$ ) a conviction t all ! _m & v>i$ horrors ) :i* x teems 7 ^u ! eve ( _! accompli%m5t4 ,! ye> eighte5 hundr$ & =ty-eight 0 to be 7z inde$ x 07 a "t ( g5]al blood%$ & confusion1 :ile 9 eighte5 hundr$ & sixty-six1 %\ld x please ,god to sp>e h]1 h] eyes w\ld be gladd5$ by ! visible desc5t ( ! ,son ( ,man ) a %\t1 ) ! voice ( ! ,ar*angel1 ) ! trump ( ,god1 & ! dead 9 ,*ri/ %\ld rise fir/2 !n %e1 z "o ( !m t 7 alive1 w\ld be caught up ) o!r sa9ts into ! air1 & w\ld possibly receive :ile ris+ "s di/+ui%+ tok5 ( confid5ce & approbation :i* %\ld fall ) due impressiv5ess ^u ! surr\nd+ multitude2 !n w\ld come ! consummation ( all ?+s1 & %e w\ld be ev] ) ! ,"l4 ,%e di$ peaceably 9 h] b$ be=e %e c\ld "k t a comm]cial panic 0 ! ne>e/ approa* to ! fulfilm5t ( prophecy :i* ! ye> eighte5 hundr$ & sixty-six br\ght =?4 ,^! op9ions ( my "m's injur$ h] naturally heal?y & vigor\s m9d by lead+ h] to indulge 9 all mann] ( dreamy & fanciful int]pretations ( ,scripture1 :i* any b ! mo/ n>r[ lit]ali/ w\ld feel at once to be unt5able4 ,?us sev]al times %e express$ to u h] conviction t my bro!r & myself 7 to be ! two witnesses m5tion$ 9 ! elev5? *apt] ( ! ,book ( ,revelation1 & dilat$ ^u ! gratification %e %\ld exp]i5ce ^u f9d+ t we _h inde$ be5 res]v$ = a position ( su* di/9ction4 ,we 7 z yet m]e *ildr51 & naturally took all = grant$ t our "m told u2 we !re=e made a c>eful exam9ation ( ! passage :i* ?rew light ^u our future4 ,on f9d+ t ! prospect 0 gloomy & full ( blood%$ we prote/$ aga9/ ! hon\rs :i* 7 int5d$ = u1 m especially :5 we reflect$ t ! "m ( ! two witnesses 0 n m5ac$ 9 ,scripture ) any p>ticul> discom=t4 ,if we 7 to be m>tyrs1 my "m ought to wi% to be a m>tyr too1 :]eas no?+ 0 f>!r f h] int5tion4 ,h] notion cle>ly 0 t we 7 to be massacr$ some:]e 9 ! /reets ( ,london1 9 consequ5ce ( ! anti-,*ri/ian ma*9ations ( ! ,pope2 t aft] ly+ ab\t unburi$ = ?ree days & a half we 7 to come to life aga92 & f9ally1 t we %\ld conspicu\sly asc5d to heav51 9 front1 p]haps1 ( ! ,f\ndl+ ,hospital4 ,%e 0 n h]self inde$ to %>e ei!r our m>tyrdom or our glorification1 b 0 to survive u _m ye>s on e>?1 liv+ 9 an od\r ( great sanctity & reflect$ spl5d\r1 z ! c5tral & mo/ augu/ figure 9 a select society4 ,%e w\ld p]haps be able indirectly1 ?r\gh h] sons' influ5ce ) ! ,almighty1 to h a voice 9 mo/ ( ! arrangem5ts bo? ( ?is _w & ( ! next4 ,if all ?is 7 to come true 7& ?+s seem$ v l x71 ^? fri5ds :o _h neglect$ u 9 our adv]sity w\ld n f9d x too easy to be re/or$ to fav\r1 h[ev] greatly !y might desire x--t is to say1 !y w\ld n h f\nd x too easy 9 ! case ( "o less magnanim\s & spiritually-m9d$ ?an h]self4 ,my "m said b little ( ! above directly1 b ! fragm5ts :i* occasionally escap$ h] 7 pregnant1 & on look+ back x is easy to p]ceive t %e mu/ h be5 build+ "o ( ! mo/ /up5d\s a]ial fabrics t h ev] be5 re>$4 ,i h giv5 ! above 9 its m amus+ aspect1 & am half afraid t ,i may appe> to be mak+ a je/ ( weakness on ! "p ( "o ( ! mo/ devot$ly unselfi% mo!rs :o h ev] exi/$4 ,b "o c love :ile smil+1 & ! v wildness ( my "m's dream s]ves to %[ h[ entirely h] :ole s\l 0 occupi$ ) ! ?+s :i* are above4 ,to h]1 religion 0 all 9 all2 ! e>? 0 b a place ( pilgrimage--only s f> important z x 0 a possible road to heav54 ,%e impress$ ?is ^u bo? ( u by e ^w & action--in/ant 9 season & out ( season1 s t %e might b fill u m deeply ) a s5se ( ! ?+s belong+ to our peace4 ,b ! inevitable consequ5ces happ5$2 my "m _h aim$ too high & _h ov]%ot h] m>k4 ,! influ5ce inde$ ( h] guileless & unworldly nature rema9$ impress$ ^u my bro!r ev5 dur+ ! "t ( 8 extreme/ unbelief 7p]haps 8 ultimate safety is 9 ! ma9 ref]able to ?is cause1 & to ! happy memories ( my fa!r1 :i* _h pr$ispos$ him to love ,god71 b my "m _h insi/$ on ! mo/ m9ute v]bal accuracy ( e "p ( ! ,bible2 %e _h also dwelt ^u ! duty ( indep5d5t rese>*1 & on ! necessity ( giv+ up ev]y?+ r ?an ass5t to ?+s :i* our consci5ce did n ass5t to4 ,no "o c\ld h m effectually taught u to try to ?9k ! tru?1 & we _h tak5 h] at h] ^w because our he>ts told u t %e 0 "r4 ,b %e requir$ ?ree incompatible ?+s4 ,:5 my bro!r grew old] he came to feel t indep5d5t & unfl9*+ exam9ation1 ) a det]m9ation to abide by ! results1 w\ld lead him to reject ! po9t :i* to my "m 0 m important ?an any o!r--,i mean ! absolute accuracy ( ! ,gospel records4 ,my "m 0 inexpressibly %ock$ at he>+ my bro!r d\bt ! au!nticity ( ! ,epi/le to ! ,hebrews2 & !n1 z x appe>$ to him1 %e tri$ to make him violate ! duties ( exam9ation & c&\r :i* he _h le>nt too ?or\ghly to unle>n4 ,!reon came pa9 & an e/rangem5t :i* 0 none ! less pr(\nd = be+ mutually conceal$4 ,x seem$ to my "m t he w\ld n give up ! wilfulness ( 8 own op9ions = h] & = 8 ,r$eem]'s sake4 ,to him x seem$ t he 0 ready to give up n only 8 "m b ,*ri/ ,himself = ,*ri/'s sake4 ,?is e/rangem5t 0 ! gradual "w ( "s five or six ye>s1 dur+ :i* my bro!r 0 betwe5 elev5 & sev5te5 ye>s old4 ,at sev5te51 ,i am told t he 0 rem>kably well in=m$ & clev]4 ,8 mann]s 71 l my fa!r's1 s+ul>ly g5ial1 & 8 appe>ance v prepossess+4 ,he _h z yet no d\bt conc]n+ ! s\ndness ( any fundam5tal ,*ri/ian doctr9e1 b 8 m9d 0 already too active to all[ ( 8 be+ cont5t$ ) my "m's *ildlike fai?4 ,!re 7 po9ts on :i* he did n inde$ d\bt1 b :i* x w\ld none ! less be int]e/+ to consid]2 su* = example z ! p]fectibility ( ! reg5]ate ,*ri/ian1 & ! mean+ ( ! my/]i\s c5tral *apt]s ( ! ,epi/le to ! ,romans4 ,he 0 engag$ 9 ^! rese>*es ?\gh /ill only a boy1 :5 an ev5t occurr$ :i* gave ! fir/ real %ock to 8 fai?4 ,he 0 accu/om$ to tea* 9 a s*ool = ! poore/ *ildr5 e ,sunday aft]noon1 a task = :i* 8 pati5ce & good temp] well fitt$ him4 ,on "o occasion1 h[ev]1 :ile he 0 expla9+ ! effect ( baptism to "o ( 8 fav\rite pupils1 he discov]$ to 8 great surprise t ! boy _h nev] be5 baptiz$4 ,he pu%$ 8 inquiries fur!r1 & f\nd t out ( ! fifte5 boys 9 8 class only five _h be5 baptiz$1 &1 n only s1 b t no diff]5ce 9 disposition or conduct c\ld be discov]$ betwe5 ! reg5]ate boys & ! unreg5]ate4 ,! good & bad boys 7 di/ribut$ 9 proportions equal to ! respective numb]s ( ! baptiz$ & unbaptiz$4 ,9 spite ( a c]ta9 impetuosity ( natural "*1 he 0 also ( a matt]-(-fact & exp]im5tal turn ( m9d2 he !re=e w5t ?r\gh ! :ole s*ool1 :i* numb]$ ab\t a hundr$ boys1 & f\nd out :o _h be5 baptiz$ & :o _h n4 ,! same results appe>$4 ,! majority _h n be5 baptiz$2 yet ! good & bad dispositions 7 s di/ribut$ z to preclude all possibility ( ma9ta9+ t ! baptiz$ boys 7 bett] ?an ! unbaptiz$4 ,! read] may smile at ! idea ( any "o's fai? be+ tr\bl$ by a fact ( :i* ! explanation is s obvi\s1 b z a matt] ( fact my bro!r 0 s]i\sly & pa9fully %ock$4 ,! tea*] to :om he appli$ = a solution ( ! difficulty 0 n a man ( any real p[]1 & report$ my bro!r to ! rector = hav+ di/urb$ ! s*ool by 8 inquiries4 ,! rector 0 old & self-op9ionat$2 ! difficulty1 inde$1 0 pla9ly z new to him z x _h be5 to my bro!r1 b in/ead ( say+ s at once1 & ref]r+ to any recognis$ !ological au?ority1 he tri$ to put him (f ) words :i* seem$ int5d$ to sil5ce him r ?an to satisfy him2 f9ally he lo/ 8 temp]1 & my bro!r fell "u suspicion ( unor?odoxy4 ,?is k9d ( treatm5t did n answ] ) my bro!r4 ,he alludes to x res5tfully 9 ! introductory *apt] ( 8 book4 ,he became suspici\s t a preconceiv$ op9ion 0 be+ def5d$ at ! exp5se ( hone/ scrut9y1 & 0 ?us driv5 ^u 8 own unaid$ inve/igation4 ,! result may be guess$3 he began to g a/ray1 & /ray$ fur!r & fur!r4 ,! *ildr5 ( ,god1 he reason$1 ! memb]s ( ,*ri/ & inh]itors ( ! k+dom ( heav51 7 no m spiritually m9d$ ?an ! *ildr5 ( ! _w & ! devil4 ,0 !n ! grace ( ,god a gift :i* left no trace :atev] ^u ^? :o 7 possess$ ( x8 ,a ?+ ! pres5ce or abs5ce ( :i* might be asc]ta9$ by consult+ ! p>i% regi/ry1 b 0 n disc]nible 9 conduct8 ,! grace ( man 0 m cle>ly p]ceptible ?an ?is4 ,assur$ly !re mu/ be a screw loose some:]e1 :i*1 = aught he knew1 might be jeop>dis+ ! salvation ( all ,*ri/5dom4 ,:]e !n 0 ?is loose screw to be f\nd8 ,he conclud$ aft] "s mon?s ( reflection t ! mis*ief 0 caus$ by ! sy/em ( sponsors & by infant baptism4 ,he1 !re=e1 to my "m's inexpressible grief1 jo9$ ! ,bapti/s1 & 0 imm]s$ 9 a pond ne> ,dork+4 ,) ! ,bapti/s he rema9$ quiet ab\t ?ree mon?s1 & !n began to qu>rel ) 8 in/ructors z to _! doctr9e ( pr$e/9ation4 ,%ortly aft]w>ds he came accid5tally ^u a fasc9at+ /rang] :o 0 no less /ruck ) my bro!r ?an my bro!r ) him1 & ?is g5tleman1 :o turn$ out to be a ,roman ,ca?olic mission>y1 l&$ him 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 :]e he felt sure t he _h n[ f\nd re/ = 8 s\l4 ,b "h1 too1 he 0 mi/ak52 aft] ab\t two ye>s he rebell$ aga9/ ! /ifl+ ( all free inquiry2 on ?is rebellion ! flood-gates ( scepticism 7 op5$1 & he 0 soon battl+ ) unbelief4 ,he !n fell 9 ) "o :o 0 a pure ,dei/1 & 0 %orn ( e %r$ ( dogma :i* he _h ev] held1 except a belief 9 ! p]sonality & provid5ce ( ! ,creator4 ,on review+ 8 lett]s writt5 to me ab\t ?is "t1 ,i am pa9fully /ruck ) ! mann] 9 :i* !y %[ t all ^! pitiable vag>ies 7 to be trac$ to a s+le cause--a cause :i* /ill exi/s to ! mislead+ ( hundr$s ( ?\s&s1 & :i*1 ,i fe>1 seems likely to cont9ue 9 full =ce = _m a ye> to come--,i mean1 to a false sy/em ( tra9+ :i* tea*es p to reg>d ,*ri/ianity z a ?+ "o & indivisible1 to be accept$ entirely 9 ! /ricte/ read+ ( ! lett]1 or to be reject$ z absolutely untrue4 ,! fact is1 t all p]man5t tru? is z "o ( ^? coal measures1 a seam ( :i* lies ne> ! surface1 & ev5 crops up above ! gr\nd1 b :i* is g5]ally ( an inf]ior quality & soon work$ out2 b5ea? x !re comes a lab\r ( s& & clay1 & !n at la/ ! true seam ( preci\s quality1 & 9 virtually inexhau/ible supply4 ,! tru? :i* is on ! surface is r>ely ! :ole tru?4 ,x is seldom until ?is has be5 work$ out & done )--z 9 ! case ( ! app>5t flatness ( ! e>?--t un*angeable tru? is discov]$4 ,x is ! glory ( ! ,"l to conceal a matt]3 x is ! glory ( ! k+ to f9d x out4 ,if my bro!r1 f :om ,i h tak5 ! above illu/ration1 _h _h "s judici\s & wide-m9d$ fri5d1 to correct & supplem5t ! ma9ly admirable pr9ciples :i* _h be5 in/ill$ into him by my "m1 he w\ld h be5 sav$ ye>s ( spiritual w&]+2 b1 z x 01 he fell 9 ) "o aft] ano!r1 ea* 9 8 own way z lit]al & unspiritual z ! o!r--ea* impress$ ) "o aspect ( religi\s tru?1 & ) "o only4 ,9 ! end he became p]haps ! wide/-m9d$ & mo/ orig9al ?9k] :om ,i h ev] met2 b no "o f 8 e>ly manhood c\ld h augur$ ?is result2 on ! contr>y1 he %[$ e sign ( be+ likely to develop into "o ( ^? :o c nev] see m ?an "o side ( a "q at a "t1 9 spite ( _! see+ t side ) s+ul> cle>ness ( m5tal vision4 ,9 aft] life1 he (t5 met ) m]e lads :o seem$ to him to be ye>s & ye>s 9 advance ( :at he _h be5 at _! age1 & w\ld say1 smil+1 ,) a great sum obta9$ ,i ?is fre$om2 b ?\ wa/ free-born4 ,yet :5 "o comes to ?9k ( x1 a late developm5t & labori\s gr[? are g5]ally m fruitful ?an ^? :i* are ov] e>ly luxuriant4 ,draw+ an illu/ration f ! art ( pa9t+1 ) :i* he 0 well acqua9t$1 my bro!r us$ to say t all ! greate/ pa9t]s _h begun ) a h>d & precise mann]1 f :i* !y _h only brok5 aft] sev]al ye>s ( ef=t2 & t 9 l mann] all ! e>ly s*ools 7 f\nd$ ^u def9it5ess ( outl9e to ! exclusion ( tru? ( effect4 ,?is may be true2 b 9 my bro!r's case !re 0 some?+ ev5 m unpromis+ ?an ?is2 !re 0 a commonness1 s to speak1 ( m5tal execution1 f :i* no "o c\ld h =ese5 8 aft]-emancipation4 ,yet 9 ! c\rse ( "t he 0 inde$ emancipat$ to ! v utt]mo/1 :ile 8 bonds w1 ,i firmly tru/1 be f\nd to h be5 ( ine/imable s]vice to ! :ole human race4 ,= al?\gh x 0 s _m ye>s be=e he 0 enabl$ to see ! ,*ri/ian s*eme z a :ole1 or ev5 to conceive ! idea t !re 0 any :ole at all1 o!r ?an ea* "o ( ! /ages ( op9ion ?r\gh :i* he 0 at ! "t pass+2 yet :5 ! idea 0 at l5g? pres5t$ to him by "o :om ,i mu/ n "n1 ! disc>d$ fragm5ts ( 8 fai? assum$ %ape1 & =m$ !mselves into a consi/5tly organis$ s*eme4 ,!n became app>5t ! value ( 8 k ( ! details ( s _m diff]5t sides ( ,*ri/ian v]ity4 ,buri$ 9 ! details1 he _h hi!rto ignor$ ! fact t !y 7 only ! uness5tial developm5ts ( c]ta9 compon5t p>ts4 ,awak5+ to ! p]ception ( ! :ole aft] an intimate acqua9tance ) ! details1 he 0 able to realise ! position & mean+ ( all t he _h hi!rto exp]i5c$ 9 a way :i* has be5 v\*saf$ to few1 if any o!rs4 ,?us he became truly a broad ,*ur*man4 ,n broad 9 ! ord9>y & ill-consid]$ use ( ! t]m 7= ! broad ,*ur*man is z little able to sympa?ise ) ,romani/s1 extreme ,high ,*ur*m5 & ,diss5t]s1 z ^! are ) himself--he is only "o ( a sect :i* is call$ by ! "n ( broad1 ?\gh x is no broad] ?an its own base71 b 9 ! true s5se ( be+ able to believe 9 ! naturalness1 legitimacy1 & tru? qua ,*ri/ianity ev5 ( ^? doctr9es :i* seem to /& mo/ widely & irreconcilably asund]4 ,,selections ,,f ,,life ,,& ,,habit4 ,,on ,,c]ta9 ,,acquir$ ,,habits4 7,,f ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,( ,,life ,,& ,,habit47 #fh ,x w be our bus9ess 9 ! foll[+ *apt]s to consid] :e!r ! unconsci\sness1 or quasi-unconsci\sness1 ) :i* we p]=m c]ta9 acquir$ actions1 ?r[s any light ^u ,embryology & inh]it$ in/9cts1 & o!rwise to foll[ ! tra9 ( ?\ght :i* ! class ( actions above m5tion$ may sugge/4 ,m especially ,i propose to consid] !m 9 s f> z !y be> ^u ! orig9 ( species & ! cont9uation ( life by successive g5]ations1 :e!r 9 ! animal or vegetable k+doms4 ,tak+ !n1 ! art ( play+ ! piano z an example ( ! k9d ( action we are 9 se>* (1 we obs]ve t a practis$ play] w p]=m v difficult pieces app>5tly )\t ef=t1 (t51 inde$1 :ile ?9k+ & talk+ ( some?+ q o!r ?an 8 music2 yet he w play accurately &1 possibly1 ) mu* expression4 ,if he has be5 play+ a fugue1 say 9 f\r p>ts1 he w h kept ea* "p well di/9ct1 9 su* a mann] z to prove t 8 m9d 0 n prev5t$1 by its o!r occupations1 f consci\sly or unconsci\sly foll[+ f\r di/9ct tra9s ( musical ?\ght at ! same "t1 nor f mak+ 8 f+]s act 9 exactly ! requir$ mann] z reg>ds ea* note ( ea* "p4 ,x commonly happ5s t 9 ! c\rse ( f\r or five m9utes a play] may h /ruck f\r or five ?\s& notes4 ,if we take into consid]ation ! re/s1 dott$ notes1 accid5tals1 v>iations ( "t1 c41 we %all f9d 8 att5tion mu/ h be5 ex]cis$ on _m m occasions ?an :5 he 0 actually /rik+ notes3 s t x may n be too mu* to say t ! att5tion ( a fir/-rate play] has be5 ex]cis$--to an inf9itesimally small ext5t--b /ill truly ex]cis$--on z _m z t5 ?\s& occasions )9 ! space ( five m9utes1 = no note c be /ruck nor po9t att5d$ to )\t a c]ta9 am\nt ( att5tion1 no matt] h[ rapidly or unconsci\sly giv54 ,moreov]1 ea* act ( att5tion has be5 foll[$ by an act ( volition1 & ea* act ( volition by a muscul> action1 :i* is compos$ ( _m m9or actions2 "s s small t we c no m foll[ !m ?an ! play] himself c p]ceive !m2 nev]!less1 x may h be5 p]fectly pla9 t ! play] 0 n att5d+ to :at he 0 do+1 b 0 li/5+ to conv]sation on "s o!r subject1 n to say jo9+ 9 x himself4 ,if he has be5 play+ ! viol91 he may h done all ! above1 & may also h be5 walk+ ab\t4 ,h]r ,joa*im w\ld unque/ionably be able to d all t has "h be5 describ$4 ,s complete may be ! play]'s unconsci\sness ( ! att5tion he is giv+1 & ! bra9 p[] he is ex]t+1 t we may f9d x difficult to awak5 8 att5tion to any p>ticul> "p ( 8 p]=mance )\t putt+ him out4 ,inde$ we _c d s4 ,we obs]ve t he f9ds x h>dly less difficult to compass a volunt>y consci\sness ( :at he has once le>nt s ?or\ghly t x has pass$1 s to speak1 into ! doma9 ( unconsci\sness1 ?an he f\nd x to le>n ! note or passage 9 ! fir/ in/ance4 ,! ef=t aft] a second consci\sness ( detail baffles him--compels him to turn to 8 music or play sl[ly4 ,9 fact x seems z ?\gh he kn[s ! piece too well to be able to "k t he kn[s x1 & is only consci\s ( kn[+ ^? passages :i* he does n "k s ?or\ghly4 ,at ! end ( 8 p]=mance1 8 p[] ( recollect+ appe>s to be no less annihilat$ ?an 0 8 consci\sness ( att5tion & volition4 ,= ( ! ?\s&s ( acts requir+ ! ex]cise ( bo? ! "o & ! o!r1 :i* he has done dur+ ! five m9utes1 we w say1 ( 8 p]=mance1 he w rememb] h>dly "o :5 x is ov]4 ,if he calls to m9d any?+ beyond ! ma9 fact t he has play$ su* & su* a piece1 x w probably be "s passage :i* he has f\nd m difficult ?an ! o!rs1 & ) ! l ( :i* he has n be5 s long famili>4 ,all ! re/ he w =get z completely z ! brea? :i* he has drawn :ile play+4 ,he f9ds x difficult to rememb] ev5 ! difficulties he exp]i5c$ 9 le>n+ to play4 ,a few may h s impress$ him t !y rema9 ) him1 b ! great] "p w h escap$ him z completely z ! remembrance ( :at he ate1 or h[ he put on 8 clo!s1 ?is day t5 ye>s ago2 nev]!less1 x is pla9 he does 9 reality rememb] m ?an he rememb]s rememb]+1 = he avoids mi/akes :i* he made at "o "t1 & 8 p]=mance proves t all ! notes are 9 8 memory1 ?\gh if call$ ^u to play su* & su* a b> at r&om f ! middle ( ! piece1 & nei!r m nor less1 he w probably say t he _c rememb] x unless he beg9s f ! beg9n+ ( ! phrase :i* leads to x4 ,9 spite1 h[ev]1 ( ! p]=m]'s pres5t pr(ici5cy1 our exp]i5ce ( ! mann] 9 :i* pr(ici5cy is usually acquir$ w>rants u 9 assum+ t !re mu/ h be5 a "t :5 :at is n[ s easy z to be done )\t consci\s ef=t ( ! bra9 0 only done by means ( bra9 "w :i* 0 v ke5ly p]ceiv$1 ev5 to fatigue & positive di/ress4 ,ev5 n[1 if ! play] is play+ some?+ ! l ( :i* he has n met be=e1 we obs]ve he pauses & becomes imm$iately consci\s ( att5tion4 ,we draw ! inf]5ce1 !re=e1 z reg>ds pian(orte or viol9 play+1 t ! m ! famili>ity or k ( ! art1 ! less is !re consci\sness ( su* k2 ev5 s f> z t !re %\ld be almo/ z mu* difficulty 9 awak5+ consci\sness :i* has become1 s to speak1 lat5t1--a consci\sness ( t :i* is kn[n too well to admit ( recognis$ self-analysis :ile ! k is be+ ex]cis$--z 9 creat+ a consci\sness ( t :i* is n yet well en\gh kn[n to be prop]ly designat$ z kn[n at all4 ,on ! o!r h&1 we obs]ve t ! less ! famili>ity or k1 ! great] ! consci\sness ( :atev] k !re is4 99 99 99 99 99 ,to sum up1 !n1 briefly4 ,x w\ld appe> z ?\gh p]fect k & p]fect ignorance 7 extremes :i* meet & become indi/+ui%able f "o ano!r2 s also p]fect volition & p]fect abs5ce ( volition1 p]fect memory & p]fect =getfulness2 = we are unconsci\s ( kn[+1 will+1 or rememb]+1 ei!r f n yet hav+ kn[n or will$1 or f kn[+ & will+ s well & s int5sely z to be no long] consci\s ( ei!r4 ,consci\s k & volition are ( att5tion2 att5tion is ( susp5se2 susp5se is ( d\bt2 d\bt is ( unc]ta9ty2 unc]ta9ty is ( ignorance2 s t ! m]e fact ( consci\s kn[+ or will+ implies ! pres5ce ( m or less novelty & d\bt4 ,x w\ld also appe> z a g5]al pr9ciple on a sup]ficial view ( ! =ego+ in/ances 7& ! read] may readily supply himself ) o!rs :i* are p]haps m to ! purpose71 t unconsci\s k & unconsci\s volition are nev] acquir$ o!rwise ?an z ! result ( exp]i5ce1 famili>ity1 or habit2 s t :5ev] we obs]ve a p]son able to d any complicat$ action unconsci\sly1 we may assume bo? t he mu/ h done x v (t5 be=e he c\ld acquire s great pr(ici5cy1 & also t !re mu/ h be5 a "t :5 he did n "k h[ to d x at all4 ,we may assume t !re 0 a "t :5 he 0 yet s ne>ly on ! po9t ( nei!r kn[+ nor will+ p]fectly1 t he 0 q alive to :atev] k or volition he c\ld ex]t2 go+ fur!r back1 we %all f9d him /ill m ke5ly alive to a less p]fect k2 e>li] /ill1 we f9d him well aw>e t he does n "k nor w correctly1 b try+ h>d to d bo? ! "o & ! o!r2 & s on1 back & back1 till bo? difficulty & consci\sness become little m ?an a s\nd ( go+1 z x 71 9 ! bra91 a flitt+ to & fro ( some?+ b>ely recognisable z ! desire to w or "k at all--mu* less z ! desire to "k or w def9itely ?is or t4 ,f9ally !y retreat beyond our k5 into ! repose--! inorganic k+dom--( z yet unawak5$ int]e/4 ,9 ei!r case--! repose ( p]fect ignorance or ( p]fect k--di/urbance is tr\blesome4 ,:5 fir/ />t+ on an ,atlantic /eam]1 our re/ is h9d]$ by ! screw2 aft] a %ort "t1 x is h9d]$ if ! screw /ops4 ,a uni=m impression is practically no impression4 ,"o _c ei!r le>n or unle>n )\t pa9s or pa94 ,,consci\s ,,& ,,unconsci\s ,,kn[]s ,,! ,,law ,,& ,,grace4 7,,f ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,( ,,life ,,& ,,habit47 ,c]ta9 x is t we "k be/ :at we are lea/ consci\s ( kn[+1 or at any rate lea/ able to prove2 z1 = example1 our own exi/5ce1 or t !re is a c\ntry ,engl&4 ,if any "o asks u = pro( on matt]s ( ?is sort1 we h none ready1 & are ju/ly annoy$ at be+ call$ to consid] :at we reg>d z settl$ que/ions4 ,aga91 !re is h>dly any?+ :i* s mu* affects our actions z ! c5tre ( ! e>? 7unless1 p]haps1 x be t /ill hott] & m unpr(itable spot ! c5tre ( ! univ]se71 = we are incessantly try+ to get z ne> x z circum/ances w all[1 or to avoid gett+ ne>] ?an is = ! "t be+ conv5i5t4 ,walk+1 runn+1 /&+1 sitt+1 ly+1 wak+1 or sleep+1 f bir? till dea? x is a p>am\nt object ) u2 ev5 aft] dea?--if x be n fanciful to say s--x is "o ( ! few ?+s ( :i* :at is left ( u c /ill feel ! influ5ce2 yet :at c engross less ( our att5tion ?an ?is d>k & di/ant spot s _m ?\s&s ( miles away8 ,! air we brea!1 s long z x is nei!r too hot nor cold1 nor r\gh1 nor full ( smoke--t is to say1 s long z x is 9 t /ate ) :i* we are be/ acqua9t$--seldom ent]s into our ?\ghts2 yet !re is h>dly any?+ ) :i* we are m incessantly occupi$ night & day4 ,inde$1 x is n too mu* to say t we h no really pr(\nd k ^u any subject--no k on ! /r5g? ( :i* we are ready to act at mom5ts unhesitat+ly )\t ei!r prep>ation or aft]-?\ght--till we h left (f feel+ consci\s ( ! possession ( su* k1 & ( ! gr\nds on :i* x re/s4 ,a lesson ?or\ghly le>n$ mu/ be l ! air :i* feels s light1 ?\gh press+ s heavily aga9/ u1 because e pore ( our sk9 is saturat$1 s to speak1 ) x on all sides equally4 ,?is p]fection ( k sometimes ext5ds to positive disbelief 9 ! ?+ kn[n1 s t ! mo/ ?or\gh kn[] %all believe himself altoge!r ignorant4 ,no ?ief1 = example1 is su* an utt] ?ief--s good a ?ief--z ! kleptomaniac4 ,until he has become a kleptomaniac1 & c /eal a horse z x 7 by a reflex action1 he is /ill b half a ?ief1 ) _m un?ievi% notions /ill cl++ to him4 ,yet ! kleptomaniac is probably unaw>e t he c /eal at all1 mu* less t he c /eal s well4 ,he w\ld be %ock$ if he 7 to "k ! tru?4 ,s aga91 no man is a great hypocrite until he has left (f kn[+ t he is a hypocrite4 ,! great hypocrites ( ! _w are almo/ inv>iably "u ! impression t !y are among ! v few really hone/ p to be f\nd2 &1 z we mu/ all h obs]v$1 x is r>e to f9d any "o /rongly "u ?is impression )\t ourselves hav+ good reason to diff] f him4 ,aga91 x has be5 (t5 & v truly said t x is n ! consci\s & self-/yl$ sceptic1 z ,%elley1 = example1 :o is ! true unbeliev]4 ,su* a man z ,%elley w1 z inde$ 8 life abundantly proves1 h m 9 common ?an n ) ! true unselfconsci\s believ]4 ,gallio aga91 ^: indiff]5ce to religi\s animosities has won him ! *eape/ immortality :i*1 s f> z ,i c rememb]1 0 ev] yet won1 0 probably1 if ! tru? 7 kn[n1 a p]son ( ! s9c]e/ piety4 ,x is ! unconsci\s unbeliev] :o is ! true infidel1 h[ev] greatly he w\ld be surpris$ to "k ! tru?4 ,mr4 ,spurgeon 0 report$ z hav+ ask$ ,god to remove ,"l ,beaconsfield f (fice z soon z possible4 ,!re lurks a m pr(\nd di/ru/ ( ,god's p[] 9 ^! words ?an 9 almo/ any op5 d5ial ( ,8 exi/5ce4 ,9 l mann]1 ! mo/ p]fect hum\r & irony is g5]ally q unconsci\s4 ,examples ( bo? are frequ5tly giv5 by m5 :om ! _w consid]s z defici5t 9 hum\r2 x is m probably true t ^! p]sons are unconsci\s ( _! own delightful p[] ?r\gh ! v ma/]y & p]fection ) :i* !y hold x4 ,!re is a play1 = in/ance1 ( g5u9e fun 9 "s ( ! m s]i\s sci5tific & !ological j\rnals :i* = "s "t pa/ we h look$ = 9 va9 9 --- ,! foll[+ extract1 f a j\rnal :i* ,i w n adv]tise1 may s]ve z an example3 ,lycurgus1 :5 !y _h ab&on$ to 8 rev5ge him :o _h put out 8 eyes1 took him home1 & ! puni%m5t he inflict$ ^u him 0 s$ul\s in/ructions to virtue4 ,yet ?is truly comic pap] does n probably "k t x is comic1 any m ?an ! kleptomaniac kn[s t he /eals1 or ?an ,john ,milton knew he 0 a humori/ :5 he wrote a hymn ^u ! circumcision1 & sp5t 8 honeymoon 9 compos+ a treatise on divorce4 ,no m aga9 did ,goe! "k h[ exquisitely humor\s he 0 :5 he wrote1 9 8 ,wilhelm ,mei/]1 t a beautiful te> gli/5$ 9 ,!resa's "r eye1 & !n w5t on to expla9 t x gli/5$ 9 h] "r eye & n 9 h] left1 because %e _h _h a w>t on h] left :i* _h be5 remov$--& successfully4 ,goe! probably wrote ?is )\t a *uckle2 he believ$ :at a good _m p :o h nev] read ,wilhelm ,mei/] believe /ill1 namely1 t x 0 a "w full ( pa?os--( f9e & t5d] feel+2 yet a less consummate humori/ mu/ h felt t !re 0 sc>cely a p>agraph 9 x f fir/ to la/ ! *ief m]it ( :i* did n lie 9 its absurdity4 ,b en\gh has p]haps be5 said4 ,z ! fi% 9 ! sea1 or ! bird 9 ! air1 s unreason+ly & in>ticulately safe mu/ a man feel be=e he c be said to "k4 ,x is only ^? :o are ignorant & uncultivat$ :o c "k any?+ at all 9 a prop] s5se ( ! words4 ,cultivation w bre$ 9 any man a c]ta9ty ( ! unc]ta9ty ev5 ( 8 mo/ assur$ convictions4 ,x is p]haps =tunate = our com=t t we c none ( u be cultivat$ ^u v _m subjects1 s t consid]able scope = assurance w /ill rema9 to u2 b h[ev] ?is may be1 we c]ta9ly obs]ve x z a fact t ^? are ! greate/ m5 :o are mo/ unc]ta9 9 spite ( c]ta9ty1 & at ! same "t mo/ c]ta9 9 spite ( unc]ta9ty1 & :o are ?us be/ able to feel t !re is no?+ 9 su* complete h>mony ) itself z a flat contradiction 9 t]ms4 ,= nature hates t any pr9ciple %\ld bre$1 s to speak1 h]maphroditically1 b w give to ea* an help meet = x :i* %all cross x & be ! undo+ ( x2 z 9 ! case ( desc5t ) modification1 ( :i* ! ess5ce is t e (fspr+ resembles its p>5ts1 & yet1 at ! same "t1 t no (fspr+ resembles its p>5ts4 ,b = ! slightly irritat+ /imulant ( ?is p]petual cross+1 we %\ld pass our lives unconsci\sly z ?\gh 9 slumb]4 ,until we h got to und]/& t ?\gh black is n :ite1 yet x may be :it] ?an :ite itself 7& any pa9t] w readily pa9t t :i* %all %[ obvi\sly z black1 yet x %all be :it] ?an t :i* %all %[ no less obvi\sly z :ite71 we may be good logicians1 b we are /ill poor reason]s4 ,k is 9 an in*oate /ate z long z x is capable ( logical treatm5t2 x mu/ be transmut$ into t s5se or in/9ct :i* rises altoge!r above ! sph]e 9 :i* words c h be+ at all1 o!rwise x is n yet inc>nate4 ,= s5se is to k :at consci5ce is to reason+ ab\t light & wrong2 ! reason+ mu/ be s rapid z to defy consci\s ref]5ce to fir/ pr9ciples1 & ev5 at times to be app>5tly subv]sive ( !m altoge!r1 or ! action w halt4 ,x mu/ become automatic be=e we are safe ) x4 ,:ile we are fumbl+ = ! gr\nds ( our conviction1 our conviction is prone to fall1 z ,pet] = lack ( fai? s9k+ into ! waves ( ,galilee2 s t ! v p[] to prove at all is an a priori argum5t aga9/ ! tru?--or at any rate ! practical importance to ! va/ majority ( mank9d--( all t is support$ by demon/ration4 ,= ! p[] to prove implies a s5se ( ! ne$ ( pro(1 & ?+s :i* ! majority ( mank9d f9d practically important are 9 n9ety-n9e cases out ( a hundr$ above pro(4 ,! ne$ ( pro( becomes z obsolete 9 ! case ( assur$ k1 z ! practice ( =tify+ t[ns 9 ! middle ( an old & long-settl$ c\ntry4 ,:o builds def5ces = t :i* is impregnable or little likely to be assail$8 ,! answ] is ready1 t unless ! def5ces _h be5 built 9 =m] times x w\ld be impossible to d )\t !m n[2 b ?is does n t\* ! argum5t1 :i* is n t demon/ration is unwise b t z long z a demon/ration is /ill felt necess>y1 & !re=e kept ready to h&1 ! subject ( su* demon/ration is n yet securely kn[n4 ,qui s'excuse1 s'accuse2 & unless a matt] c hold its own )\t ! brag & self-ass]tion ( cont9ual demon/ration1 x is /ill m or less ( a p>v5u1 :i* we %all n lose mu* by neglect+ till x has less occasion to bl[ its own trumpet4 ,! only alt]native is t x is an error 9 process ( detection1 = if evid5ce conc]n+ any op9ion has long be5 deem$ sup]flu\s1 & ev] aft] ?is comes to be aga9 felt necess>y1 we "k t ! op9ion is doom$4 ,if !re is any tru? 9 ! above1 x foll[s t our conception ( ! words sci5ce & sci5tific mu/ und]go "s modification4 ,n t we %\ld speak slight+ly ( sci5ce1 b t we %\ld recognise m ?an we d1 t !re are two di/9ct classes ( sci5tific p1 correspond+ n inaptly ) ! two ma9 p>ties into :i* ! political _w is divid$4 ,! "o class is deeply v]s$ 9 ^? sci5ces :i* h already become ! common prop]ty ( mank9d2 enjoy+1 en=c+1 p]petuat+1 & engra9+ /ill m deeply into ! m9d ( man acquisitions already approv$ by common exp]i5ce1 b some:at c>eless ab\t ext5sion ( empire1 or at any rate dis9cl9$1 = ! mo/ "p1 to active ef=t on _! own "p = ! sake ( su* ext5sion--nei!r progressive1 9 fact1 nor aggressive--b quiet1 peaceable p1 :o wi% to live & let live1 z _! fa!rs be=e !m2 :ile ! o!r class is *iefly int5t ^u pu%+ =w>d ! b\nd>ies ( sci5ce1 & is comp>atively indiff]5t to :at is kn[n already save 9 s f> z necess>y = purposes ( ext5sion4 ,^! la/ are call$ pione]s ( sci5ce1 & to !m alone is ! title sci5tific commonly accord$2 b pione]s1 important to an army z !y are1 are /ill n ! army itself1 :i* c get on bett] )\t ! pione]s ?an ! pione]s )\t ! army4 ,surely ! class :i* kn[s ?or\ghly well :at x kn[s1 & :i* adjudicates ^u ! value ( ! discov]ies made by ! pione]s--surely ?is class has z good a "r or bett] to be call$ sci5tific ?an ! pione]s !mselves4 ,^! two classes above describ$ bl5d into "o ano!r ) e %ade ( gradation4 ,"s are admirably pr(ici5t 9 ! well-kn[n sci5ces--t is to say1 !y h good heal?1 good looks1 good temp]1 common s5se1 & en]gy1 & !y hold all ^! good ?+s 9 su* p]fection z to be altoge!r )\t introspection--to be n "u ! law1 b s entirely "u grace t e "o :o sees !m likes !m4 ,b su* may1 & p]haps m commonly w1 h v little incl9ation to ext5d ! b\nd>ies ( human k2 _! aim is 9 ano!r direction altoge!r4 ,( ! pione]s1 on ! o!r h&1 "s are agreeable p1 well v]s$ 9 ! old] sci5ces1 ?\gh /ill m em95t z pione]s1 :ile o!rs1 ^: s]vices 9 ?is la/ capacity h be5 ( ine/imable value1 are noticeably ignorant ( ! sci5ces :i* h already become curr5t ) ! l>g] "p ( mank9d--9 o!r words1 !y are ugly1 rude1 & disagreeable p1 v progressive1 x may be1 b v aggressive to boot4 ,! ma9 diff]5ce betwe5 ^! two classes lies 9 ! fact t ! k ( ! "o1 s f> z x is new1 is kn[n consci\sly1 :ile t ( ! o!r is unconsci\s1 consi/+ ( s5se & in/9ct r ?an ( recognis$ k4 ,s long z a man has ^!1 & ( ! same k9d z ! m p[]ful body ( 8 fell[-c\ntrym51 he is a man ( sci5ce ?\gh he c h>dly read or write4 ,z my great namesake said s well1 ,he kn[s :at's :at1 & t's z high z metaphysic wit c fly4 ,z is usual 9 cases ( great pr(ici5cy1 ^! true & ?or\gh kn[]s d n "k t !y are sci5tific1 & c seldom give a reason = ! fai? t is 9 !m4 ,!y believe !mselves to be ignorant1 uncultur$ m51 nor c ev5 ! pr(essors :om !y sometimes outwit 9 _! own pr(essorial doma9 p]ceive t !y h be5 outwitt$ by m5 ( sup]ior sci5tific atta9m5ts to _! own4 ,! foll[+ passage f ,dr4 ,c>p5t]'s ,mesm]ism1 ,spiritualism1 c41 may s]ve z an illu/ration3-- ,x is well kn[n t p]sons :o are conv]sant ) ! geological /ructure ( a di/rict are (t5 able to indicate ) consid]able c]ta9ty 9 :at spot & at :at dep? wat] w be f\nd2 & m5 ( less sci5tific k1 b ( consid]able practical exp]i5ce--7s t 9 ,dr4 ,c>p5t]'s m9d !re seems to be "s sort ( contra/ or diff]5ce 9 k9d betwe5 ! k :i* is d]iv$ f obs]vation ( facts & sci5tific k7--frequ5tly arrive at a true conclusion ^u ?is po9t )\t be+ able to assign reasons = _! op9ions4 ,exactly ! same may be said 9 reg>d to ! m9]al /ructure ( a m9+ di/rict2 ! c\rse ( a metallic ve9 be+ (t5 correctly indicat$ by ! %rewd guess ( an obs]vant workman1 :5 ! sci5tific reason+ ( ! m9+ eng9e] altoge!r fails4 ,precisely4 ,"h we h exactly ! k9d ( ?+ we are 9 se>* (3 ! man :o has obs]v$ & obs]v$ till ! facts are s ?or\ghly 9 8 head t ?r\gh famili>ity he has lo/ sight bo? ( !m & ( ! processes :]eby he d$uc$ 8 conclusions f !m--is app>5tly n consid]$ sci5tific1 ?\gh he kn[s h[ to solve ! problem be=e him2 ! m9+ eng9e]1 on ! o!r h&1 :o reasons sci5tifically--t is to say1 ) a k ( 8 own k--is f\nd n to "k1 & to fail 9 discov]+ ! m9]al4 ,x is an exp]i5ce we are cont9ually enc\nt]+ 9 o!r walks ( life1 cont9ues ,dr4 ,c>p5t]1 t p>ticul> p]sons are guid$--"s app>5tly by an orig9al & o!rs by an acquir$ intuition--to conclusions = :i* !y c give no adequate reason1 b :i* subsequ5t ev5ts prove to h be5 correct4 ,& ?is1 ,i take x1 implies :at ,i h be5 above insi/+ on1 namely1 t on becom+ int5se1 k seems also to become unaw>e ( ! gr\nds on :i* x re/s1 or t x has or requires gr\nds at all1 or inde$ ev5 exi/s4 ,! only issue betwe5 myself & ,dr4 ,c>p5t] w\ld appe> to be t ,dr4 ,c>p5t]1 himself an ackn[l$g$ lead] 9 ! sci5tific _w1 re/ricts ! t]m sci5tific to ! p :o "k t !y "k1 b are beat5 by ^? :o are n s consci\s ( _! own k2 :ile ,i say t ! t]m sci5tific %\ld be appli$ 7only t !y w\ld n l x7 to ! nice s5sible p :o "k :at's :at r ?an to ! pr(essorial classes4 ,& ?is is easily und]/ood :5 we rememb] t ! pione] _c hope to acquire any ( ! new sci5ces 9 a s+le lifetime s p]fectly z to become unaw>e ( 8 own k4 ,z a g5]al rule1 we obs]ve him to be /ill 9 a /ate ( active consci\sness conc]n+ :atev] p>ticul> sci5ce he is ext5d+1 & z long z he is 9 ?is /ate he _c "k utt]ly4 ,x is1 z ,i h already s (t5 insi/$1 ^? :o d n "k t !y "k s mu* :o h ! firme/ grip ( _! k3 ! be/ class1 = example1 ( our ,engli% y\?1 :o live mu* 9 ! op5 air1 &1 z ,"l ,beaconsfield f9ely said1 nev] read4 ,^! are ! p :o "k be/ ^? ?+s :i* are be/ wor? kn[+--t is to say1 !y are ! mo/ truly sci5tific4 ,un=tunately1 ! app>atus necess>y = ?is k9d ( sci5ce is s co/ly z to be )9 ! rea* ( few1 involv+1 z x does1 an exp]i5ce 9 ! use ( x = "s prec$+ g5]ations4 ,ev5 ^? :o are born ) ! means )9 _! rea* mu/ take no less pa9s1 & ex]cise no less self-control1 be=e !y c atta9 ! p]fect unconsci\s use ( !m1 ?an w\ld g to ! mak+ ( a ,james ,watt or a ,/eph5son2 x is va91 !re=e1 to hope t ?is be/ k9d ( sci5ce c ev] be put )9 ! rea* ( ! _m2 nev]!less x may be safely said t all ! o!r & m g5]ally recognis$ k9ds ( sci5ce are valueless except 9 s f> z !y m9i/] to ?is ! highe/ k9d4 ,!y h no raison d'etre unless !y t5d to d away ) ! necessity = "w1 & to diffuse good heal?1 & t good s5se :i* is above self-consci\sness4 ,!y are to be enc\rag$ because !y h r5d]$ ! mo/ =tunate k9d ( mod]n ,european possible1 & because !y t5d to make possible a /ill m =tunate k9d ?an any n[ exi/+4 ,b ! man :o devotes himself to sci5ce _c--) ! r>e/1 if any1 exceptions--belong to ?is mo/ =tunate class himself4 ,he occupies a l[] place1 bo? sci5tifically & morally1 = x is n possible b t 8 drudg]y %\ld some:at soil him bo? 9 m9d & heal? ( body1 or1 if ?is be d5i$1 surely x mu/ let him & h9d] him 9 runn+ ! race = unconsci\sness4 ,we d n feel t x increases ! glory ( a k+ or great nobleman t he %\ld excel 9 :at is commonly call$ sci5ce4 ,c]ta9ly he %\ld n g fur!r ?an ,pr9ce ,rup]t's drops4 ,nor %\ld he excel 9 music1 art1 lit]ature1 or !ology--all :i* ?+s are m or less p>ts ( sci5ce4 ,he %\ld be above !m all1 save 9 s f> z he c )\t ef=t reap r5[n f ! lab\rs ( o!rs4 ,x is a la*e 9 him t he %\ld write music or books1 or pa9t pictures at all2 b if he mu/ d s1 8 "w %\ld be at be/ contemptible4 ,mu* z we mu/ condemn ,m>cus ,aurelius1 we condemn ,james ,i4 ev5 m sev]ely4 ,x is a pity !re %\ld exi/ s g5]al a confusion ( ?\ght ^u ?is subject1 = x may be ass]t$ )\t fe> ( contradiction t !re is h>dly any =m ( immorality n[ rife :i* produces m disa/r\s effects ^u ^? :o give !mselves up to x1 & ^u society 9 g5]al1 ?an ! s-call$ sci5ce ( ^? :o "k t !y "k too well to be able to "k truly4 ,) v clev] p--! p :o "k t !y "k--x is mu* z ) ! memb]s ( ! e>ly ,cor9?ian ,*ur*1 to :om ,/4 ,paul wrote1 t if !y look$ _! numb]s ov]1 !y w\ld n f9d _m wise1 nor p[]ful1 nor well- born p among !m4 ,dog-fanci]s tell u t p]=m+ dogs nev] c>ry _! tails2 su* dogs h eat5 ( ! tree ( k1 & are conv9c$ ( s9 accord+ly--!y "k t !y "k ?+s1 9 respect ( :i*1 !re=e1 !y are no long] "u grace1 b "u ! law1 & !y h yet s mu* grace left z to be a%am$4 ,s ) ! human clev] dog2 he may speak ) ! tongues ( m5 & angels1 b s long z he kn[s t he kn[s1 8 tail w droop4 ,m especially does ?is hold 9 ! case ( ^? :o are born to weal? & ( old family4 ,we mu/ all feel t a ri* "y nobleman ) a ta/e = sci5ce & pr9ciples is r>ely a pleasant object4 ,we d n und]/& ! ri* "y man 9 ! ,bible :o want$ to inh]it et]nal life1 unless1 inde$1 he m]ely want$ to "k :e!r !re 0 n "s way by :i* he c\ld avoid dy+1 & ev5 s he is h>dly wor? consid]+4 ,pr9ciples are l logic1 :i* nev] yet made a good reason] ( a bad "o1 b might /ill be occasionally useful if !y did n inv>iably contradict ea* o!r :5ev] !re is any temptation to appeal to !m4 ,!y are l fire1 good s]vants b bad ma/]s4 ,z _m p or m h be5 wreck$ on pr9ciple z f want ( pr9ciple4 ,!y are1 z _! "n implies1 ( an elem5t>y "*1 suitable = beg9n]s only1 & he :o has s little ma/]$ !m z to h occasion to ref] to !m consci\sly1 is out ( place 9 ! society ( well-educat$ p4 ,! truly sci5tific inv>iably hate him1 &1 = ! mo/ "p1 ! m pr(\ndly 9 proportion to ! unconsci\sness ) :i* !y d s4 ,if ! read] hesitates1 let him g d[n into ! /reets & look 9 ! %op-w9d[s at ! photographs ( em95t m51 :e!r lit]>y1 arti/ic1 or sci5tific1 & note ! "w :i* ! consci\sness ( k has wr\ght on n9e out ( e t5 ( !m2 !n let him g to ! ma/]pieces ( ,greek & ,italian art1 ! true/ prea*]s ( ! true/ gospel ( grace2 let him look at ! ,v5us ( ,milo1 ! ,discobolus1 ! ,/4 ,george ( ,donatello4 ,if x _h pleas$ ^! p to wi% to /udy1 !re 0 no lack ( bra9s to d x )2 b imag9e :at a deal ( scorn w\ld look beautiful 9 ! contempt & ang] ( ! ,v5us ( ,milo's lip if x 7 sugge/$ to h] t %e %\ld le>n to read4 ,:i*1 ?9k y1 kn[s mo/1 ! ,!seus1 or any mod]n pr(essor tak5 at r&om8 ,true1 le>n+ mu/ h a great %>e 9 ! advancem5t ( beauty1 inasmu* z beauty is b k p]fect$ & inc>nate--b ) ! pione]s x is sic vos non vobis2 ! grace is n = !m1 b = ^? :o come aft]4 ,sci5ce is l (f5ces4 ,x mu/ ne$s come1 b woe unto t man ?r\gh :om x comes2 = !re _c be mu* beauty :]e !re is consci\sness ( k1 & :ile k is /ill new x mu/ 9 ! nature ( ?+s involve mu* consci\sness4 ,x is n k1 !n1 t is incompatible ) beauty2 !re _c be too mu* k1 b x mu/ h pass$ ?r\gh _m p :o x is to be fe>$ mu/ be bo? ugly & disagreeable1 be=e beauty or grace w h any?+ to say to x2 x mu/ be s diffus$ ?r\gh\t a man's :ole be+ t he %all n be aw>e ( x1 or he w be> himself "u x con/ra9$ly z "o "u ! law1 & n z "o "u grace4 ,& grace is be/1 = :]e grace is1 love is n di/ant4 ,grace6 ! old ,pagan ideal ^: *>m ev5 unlovely ,paul c\ld n )/&1 b1 z ! leg5d tells u1 8 s\l fa9t$ )9 him1 8 he>t misgave him1 &1 /&+ alone on ! sea%ore at dusk1 he tr\bl$ deaf heav5 ) 8 bootless cries1 8 ?9 voice plead+ = grace aft] ! fle%4 ,! waves came 9 "o aft] ano!r1 ! sea-gulls cri$ toge!r aft] _! k9d1 ! w9d ru/l$ among ! dri$ canes ^u ! s&banks1 & !re came a voice f heav5 say+1 ,let ,my grace be suffici5t = !e4 ,:]eon1 fail+ ( ! ?+ itself1 he /ole ! ^w & /rove to cru% its mean+ to ! measure ( 8 own limitations4 ,b ! true grace1 ) h] groves & high places1 & troops ( "y m5 & maid5s cr[n$ ) fl[]s1 & s++ ( love & y\? & w9e--! true grace he drove out into ! wild]ness--high up1 x may be1 into ,piora1 & into su*-l places4 ,happy !y :o h>b\r$ h] 9 h] ill report4 ,x is common to he> m5 wond] :at new fai? w be adopt$ by mank9d if disbelief 9 ! ,*ri/ian religion %\ld become g5]al4 ,!y seem to expect t "s new !ological or quasi-!ological sy/em w arise1 :i*1 mutatis mut&is1 %all be ,*ri/ianity ov] aga94 ,x is a frequ5t reproa* aga9/ ^? :o ma9ta9 t ! sup]natural elem5t ( ,*ri/ianity is )\t f\ndation1 t !y br+ =w>d no su* sy/em ( _! own4 ,!y pull d[n b _c build4 ,we sometimes he> ev5 ^? :o h come to ! same conclusions z ! de/roy]s say1 t hav+ no?+ new to set up1 !y w n attack ! old4 ,b h[ c p set up a new sup]/ition1 kn[+ x to be a sup]/ition8 ,)\t fai? 9 _! own plat=m1 a fai? z int5se z t manife/$ by ! e>ly ,*ri/ians1 h[ c !y prea*8 ,a new sup]/ition w come1 b x is 9 ! v ess5ce ( ?+s t its apo/les %\ld h no suspicion ( its real nature2 t !y %\ld no m recognise ! common elem5t betwe5 ! new & ! old ?an ! e>ly ,*ri/ians recognis$ x betwe5 _! fai? & ,paganism4 ,if !y did1 !y w\ld be p>alys$4 ,o!rs say t ! new fabric may be se5 ris+ on e side1 & t ! com+ religion is sci5ce4 ,c]ta9ly its apo/les prea* x )\t misgiv+1 b x is n on t acc\nt less possible t x may prove only to be ! com+ sup]/ition--l ,*ri/ianity1 true to its true vot>ies1 &1 l ,*ri/ianity1 false to ^? :o foll[ x introspectively4 ,x may well be we %all f9d we h escap$ f "o set ( taskma/]s to fall into ! h&s ( o!rs f> m ru?less4 ,! tyranny ( ! ,*ur* is light 9 comp>ison ) t :i* future g5]ations may h to und]go at ! h&s ( ! doctr9aires4 ,! ,*ur* did uphold a grace ( "s sort z ! summum bonum1 9 comp>ison ) :i* all s- call$ e>?ly k--k1 t is to say1 :i* _h n pass$ ?r\gh s _m p z to h become liv+ & inc>nate--0 unimportant4 ,d :at we may1 we are /ill drawn to ! unspok5 tea*+ ( h] less introspective ages ) a =ce :i* no falsehood c\ld comm&4 ,h] build+s1 h] music1 h] ar*itecture1 t\* u z none o!r on ! :ole c d2 :5 %e speaks !re are _m ( u :o ?9k t %e d5ies ! deep] tru?s ( h] own pr(\nd] m9d1 & un=tunately h] t5d5cy is n[ t[>ds m r ?an less introspection4 ,! m %e gives way to ?is--! m %e becomes consci\s ( kn[+--! less %e w "k4 ,b /ill h] ideal is 9 grace4 ,! s-call$ man ( sci5ce1 on ! o!r h&1 seems n[ g5]ally incl9$ to make light ( all k1 save ( ! pione] "*4 ,8 ideal is 9 self-consci\s k4 ,let u h no m ,lo1 "h1 ) ! pr(essor2 he v r>ely kn[s :at he says he kn[s2 no soon] has he misl$ ! _w = a suffici5t "t ) a great fl\ri% ( trumpets ?an he is toppl$ ov] by "o m plausible ?an himself4 ,he is b m$ic9e-man1 augur1 prie/1 9 its late/ developm5t2 useful x may be1 b requir+ to be well wat*$ by ^? :o value fre$om4 ,wait till he has become m p[]ful1 & note ! vag>ies :i* 8 conceit ( k w indulge 94 ,! ,*ur* did n p]secute :ile %e 0 /ill weak4 ,( c\rse e sy/em has _h1 & w h1 its h]oes1 b1 z we all v well "k1 ! h]oism ( ! h]o is b remotely due to sy/em2 x is due n to argum5ts1 nor reason+1 nor to any consci\sly recognis$ p]ceptions1 b to ^? deep] sci5ces :i* lie f> beyond ! rea* ( self-analysis1 & = ! /udy ( :i* !re is b "o s*ool+--to h _h good =efa!rs = _m g5]ations4 ,above all ?+s let no unw>y read] d me ! inju/ice ( believ+ 9 me4 ,9 t ,i write at all ,i am among ! damn$4 ,if he mu/ believe 9 any?+1 let him believe 9 ! music ( ,h&el1 ! pa9t+ ( ,giovanni ,bell9i1 & 9 ! ?irte5? *apt] ( ,/4 ,paul's ,fir/ ,epi/le to ! ,cor9?ians4 ,b to return4 ,:5ev] we f9d p kn[+ t !y "k ?is or t1 we h ! same /ory ov] & ov] aga94 ,!y d n yet "k x p]fectly4 ,we come1 !re=e1 to ! conclusion t our k & reason+s !reupon1 only become p]fect1 assur$1 unhesitat+1 :5 !y h become automatic1 & are ?us ex]cis$ )\t fur!r consci\s ef=t ( ! m9d1 mu* 9 ! same way z we _c walk nor read nor write p]fectly till we c d s automatically4 ,,application ,,( ,,=ego+ ,,*apt]s ,,to ,,c]ta9 ,,habits ,,acquir$ ,,aft] ,,bir? ,,:i* ,,are ,,commonly ,,consid]$ ,,in/9ctive4 7,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,( ,,life ,,& ,,habit47 ,:at is true ( kn[+ is also true ( will+4 ,! m int5sely we w1 ! less is our w delib]ate & capable ( be+ recognis$ z w at all4 ,s t x is common to he> m5 decl>e "u c]ta9 circum/ances t !y _h no w1 b 7 =c$ into _! own action "u /ress ( passion or temptation4 ,b 9 ! m ord9>y actions ( life1 we obs]ve1 z 9 walk+ or brea?+1 t we d n w any?+ utt]ly & )\t remnant ( hesitation1 till we h lo/ sight ( ! fact t we are ex]cis+ our w4 ,! "q1 !re=e1 is =c$ ^u u1 h[ f> ?is pr9ciple ext5ds1 & :e!r !re may n be unhe$$ examples ( its op]ation :i*1 if we consid] !m1 w l& u 9 r unexpect$ conclusions4 ,if x be grant$ t consci\sness ( k & ( volition vani%es :5 ! k & ! volition h become int5se & p]fect1 may x n be possible t _m actions :i* we d )\t kn[+ h[ we d !m1 & )\t any consci\s ex]cise ( ! w--actions :i* we c]ta9ly c\ld n d if we tri$ to d !m1 nor refra9 f do+ if = any reason we wi%$ to d s--are done s easily & s unconsci\sly ow+ to excess ( k or exp]i5ce r ?an defici5cy1 we hav+ done !m too (t51 kn[+ h[ to d !m too well1 & hav+ too little hesitation z to ! me?od ( proc$ure1 to be capable ( foll[+ our own action1 )\t ! d]angem5t ( su* action altoge!r2 or1 9 o!r cases1 because we h s long settl$ ! "q t we h /[$ away ! :ole app>atus ) :i* we "w 9 corn]s ( our sy/em :i* we _c n[ conv5i5tly rea*8 ,x may be int]e/+ to see :e!r we c f9d any class or classes ( actions :i* l9k actions :i* = "s "t aft] bir? we c\ld n d at all1 & 9 :i* our pr(ici5cy has rea*$ ! /age ( unconsci\s p]=mance obvi\sly ?r\gh repeat$ ef=t & failure1 & ?r\gh ?is only1 ) actions :i* we c\ld d z soon z we 7 born1 & conc]n+ :i* x w\ld at fir/ sight appe> absurd to say t !y c h be5 acquir$ by any process 9 ! lea/ analog\s to :at we commonly call exp]i5ce1 inasmu* z ! creature itself :i* does !m has only j begun to exi/1 & _c1 !re=e1 9 ! v nature ( ?+s1 h _h exp]i5ce4 ,c we see t actions1 = ! acquisition ( :i* exp]i5ce is su* an obvi\s necessity1 t :5ev] we see ! acquisition we assume ! exp]i5ce1 gradate away imp]ceptibly into actions :i* seem1 accord+ to all reasonable analogy1 to necessitate exp]i5ce--( :i*1 h[ev]1 ! "t & place are s obscure1 t !y are n n[ commonly suppos$ to h any connection ) bona fide exp]i5ce at all4 ,eat+ & dr9k+ appe> to be su* actions4 ,! new-born *ild _c eat1 & _c dr9k1 b he c swall[ z soon z he is born2 & swall[+ appe>s 7z we may rem>k 9 pass+7 to h be5 an e>li] faculty ( animal life ?an t ( eat+ ) tee?4 ,! ease & unconsci\sness ) :i* we eat & dr9k is cle>ly attributable to practice2 b a v little practice seems to g a long way--a suspici\sly small am\nt ( practice--z ?\gh some:]e or at "s o!r "t !re mu/ h be5 m practice ?an we c acc\nt =4 ,we c v readily /op eat+ or dr9k+1 & c foll[ our own action )\t difficulty 9 ei!r process2 b z reg>ds swall[+1 :i* is ! e>li] habit1 we h less p[] ( self-analysis & control3 :5 we h once committ$ ourselves beyond a c]ta9 po9t to swall[+1 we mu/ f9i% do+ s1--t is to say1 our control ov] ! op]ation ceases4 ,also1 a /ill small] exp]i5ce seems necess>y = ! acquisition ( ! p[] to swall[ ?an appe>$ necess>y 9 ! case ( eat+2 & if we get into a difficulty we *oke1 & are m at a loss h[ to become introspective ?an we are ab\t eat+ & dr9k+4 ,:y %\ld a baby be able to swall[--:i* "o w\ld h said 0 ! m complicat$ process ( ! two--) s mu* less practice ?an x takes him to le>n to eat8 ,h[ comes x t he exhibits 9 ! case ( ! m difficult op]ation all ! ph5om5a :i* ord9>ily accompany a m complete ma/]y & long] practice8 ,analogy po9ts 9 ! direction ( ?9k+ t ! necess>y exp]i5ce _c h be5 want+1 & t1 too1 n 9 su* a quibbl+ sort z :5 p talk ab\t inh]it$ habit or ! exp]i5ce ( ! race1 :i*1 )\t explanation1 is to pla9-speak+ p]sons v mu* ! same1 9 reg>d to ! individual1 z no exp]i5ce at all1 b bona fide 9 ! *ild's own p]son4 ,brea?+1 aga91 is an action acquir$ aft] bir?1 g5]ally ) "s little hesitation & difficulty1 b /ill acquir$ 9 a "t seldom long]1 z ,i am in=m$1 ?an t5 m9utes or a qu>t] ( an h\r4 ,= an art :i* has to be acquir$ at all1 !re seems "h1 z 9 ! case ( eat+1 to be a disproportion betwe51 on ! "o h&1 ! intricacy ( ! process p]=m$1 & on ! o!r1 ! %ortness ( ! "t tak5 to acquire ! practice1 & ! ease & unconsci\sness ) :i* its ex]cise is cont9u$ f ! mom5t ( acquisition4 ,we obs]ve t 9 lat] life mu* less difficult & intricate op]ations ?an brea?+ require mu* long] practice be=e !y c be ma/]$ to ! ext5t ( unconsci\s p]=mance4 ,we obs]ve also t ! ph5om5a att5dant on ! le>n+ by an infant to brea! are extremely l ^? att5dant ^u ! repetition ( "s p]=mance by "o :o has done x v (t5 be=e1 b :o requires j a little prompt+ to set him (f1 on gett+ :i*1 ! :ole famili> r\t9e pres5ts itself be=e him1 & he repeats 8 task by rote4 ,surely !n we are ju/ifi$ 9 suspect+ t !re mu/ h be5 m bona fide p]sonal recollection & exp]i5ce1 ) m ef=t & failure on ! "p ( ! infant itself1 ?an meet ! eye4 ,x %\ld be notic$1 also t our control ov] brea?+ is v limit$4 ,we c hold our brea? a little1 or brea! a little fa/] = a %ort "t1 b we _c d ?is = long1 & aft] hav+ gone )\t air = a c]ta9 "t we mu/ brea!4 ,see+ & he>+ require "s practice be=e _! free use is ma/]$1 b n v mu*4 ,!y are s f> )9 our control t we c see m by look+ h>d]1 & he> m by li/5+ att5tively--b !y are beyond our control 9 s f> z t we mu/ see & he> ! great] "p ( :at pres5ts itself to u z ne>1 & at ! same "t unfamili>1 unless we turn away or %ut our eyes1 or /op our e>s by a me*anical process2 & :5 we d ?is x is a sign t we h already involunt>ily se5 or he>d m ?an we wi%$4 ,! famili>1 :e!r sight or s\nd1 v commonly escapes u4 ,take aga9 ! processes ( dige/ion1 ! action ( ! he>t1 & ! oxyg5isation ( ! blood--processes ( extreme intricacy1 done almo/ entirely unconsci\sly1 & q beyond ! control ( our volition4 ,is x possible t our unconsci\sness conc]n+ our own p]=mance ( all ^! processes arises f ov]-exp]i5ce8 ,is !re any?+ 9 dige/ion or ! oxyg5isation ( ! blood diff]5t 9 k9d to ! rapid unconsci\s action ( a man play+ a difficult piece ( music on ! piano8 ,!re may be 9 degree1 b z a man :o sits d[n to play :at he well kn[s1 plays on :5 once />t$1 almo/1 z we say1 me*anically1 s1 hav+ eat5 8 d9n]1 he dige/s x z a matt] ( c\rse1 unless x has be5 9 "s way unfamili> to him or he to x1 ow+ to "s d]angem5t or occurr5ce ) :i* he is unfamili>1 & "u :i* !re=e he is at a loss h[ to comport himself1 z a play] w\ld be at a loss h[ to play ) gloves on1 or ) g\t 9 8 f+]s1 or if set to play music upside d[n4 ,c we %[ t all ! acquir$ actions ( *ildhood & aft]-life1 :i* we n[ d unconsci\sly1 or )\t consci\s ex]cise ( ! w1 are famili> acts--acts :i* we h already done a v great numb] ( times8 ,c we also %[ t !re are no acquir$ actions :i* we c p]=m 9 ?is automatic mann] :i* 7 n at "o "t difficult1 requir+ att5tion1 & liable to repeat$ failure1 our volition fail+ to comm& ob$i5ce f ! memb]s :i* %\ld c>ry its purposes into execution8 ,if s1 analogy w po9t 9 ! direction ( ?9k+ t o!r acts :i* we d ev5 m unconsci\sly may only escape our p[] ( self- exam9ation & control because !y are ev5 m famili>--because we h done !m (t5]2 & we may imag9e t if !re 7 a microscope :i* c\ld %[ u ! m9ute/ atoms ( consci\sness & volition1 we %\ld f9d t ev5 ! app>5tly mo/ automatic actions 7 yet done 9 due c\rse1 ^u a balance ( consid]ations1 & "u ! delib]ate ex]cise ( ! w4 ,we %\ld also incl9e to ?9k t ev5 su* an action z ! oxyg5isation ( its blood by an infant ( t5 m9utes' old1 c only be done s well & s unconsci\sly1 aft] repeat$ failures on ! "p ( ! infant itself4 ,true1 z has be5 already impli$1 we d n imm$iately see :5 ! baby c\ld h made ! necess>y mi/akes & acquir$ t inf9ite practice )\t :i* x c\ld nev] g ?r\gh su* complex processes satisfactorily2 we h !re=e inv5t$ ! ^w h]$ity1 & consid] x z acc\nt+ = ! ph5om5a2 b a little reflection w %[ t ?\gh ?is ^w may be a v good way ( /at+ ! difficulty1 x does no?+ :atev] t[>ds remov+ x4 #if ,:y %\ld h]$ity enable a creature to disp5se ) ! exp]i5ce :i* we see to be necess>y 9 all o!r cases be=e difficult op]ations c be p]=m$ successfully8 ,:at is ?is talk t is made ab\t ! exp]i5ce ( ! race1 z ?\gh ! exp]i5ce ( "o man c\ld pr(it ano!r :o kn[s no?+ ab\t him8 ,if a man eats 8 d9n]1 x n\ri%es him & n 8 neighb\r2 if he le>ns a difficult art1 x is he t c d x & n 8 neighb\r4 ,yet1 practically1 we see t ! vic>i\s exp]i5ce1 :i* seems s contr>y to our common obs]vation1 does nev]!less appe> to hold good 9 ! case ( creatures & _! desc5dants4 ,is !re1 !n1 any way ( br++ ^! app>5tly conflict+ ph5om5a "u ! op]ation ( "o law8 ,is !re any way ( %[+ t ?is exp]i5ce ( ! race1 ( :i* s mu* is said )\t ! lea/ attempt to %[ 9 :at way x may or does become ! exp]i5ce ( ! individual1 is 9 sob] s]i\sness ! exp]i5ce ( "o s+le be+ only1 repeat+ 9 a great _m diff]5t ways c]ta9 p]=mances ) :i* x has become exce$+ly famili>8 ,x comes to ?is--t we mu/ ei!r suppose ! conditions ( exp]i5ce to diff] dur+ ! e>li] /ages ( life f ^? :i* we obs]ve !m to become dur+ ! heyday ( any exi/5ce--& ?is w\ld appe> v gratuit\s1 tol]able only z a sugge/ion because ! beg9n+s ( life are s obscure1 t 9 su* twilight we may d pretty mu* :atev] we please )\t fe> ( be+ f\nd out--or t we mu/ suppose cont9uity ( life & sam5ess betwe5 liv+ be+s1 :e!r plants or animals1 & _! desc5dants1 to be f> clos] ?an we h hi!rto believ$2 s t ! exp]i5ce ( "o p]son is n enjoy$ by 8 successor1 s mu* z t ! successor is bona fide an elongation ( ! life ( 8 prog5itors1 imbu$ ) _! memories1 pr(it+ by _! exp]i5ces--:i* are1 9 fact1 8 own until he leaves _! bodies--& only unconsci\s ( ! ext5t ( ^! memories & exp]i5ces ow+ to _! va/ness & already inf9ite repetition4 ,c]ta9ly x pres5ts itself to u z a s+ul> co9cid5ce-- ,i4 ,t we are mo/ consci\s (1 & h mo/ control ov]1 su* habits z spee*1 ! upright position1 ! arts & sci5ces--:i* are acquisitions peculi> to ! human race1 always acquir$ aft] bir?1 & n common to ourselves & any ance/or :o _h n become entirely human4 ,,ii4 ,t we are less consci\s (1 & h less control ov]1 ! use ( tee?1 swall[+1 brea?+1 see+ & he>+--:i* 7 acquisitions ( our prehuman ance/ry1 & = :i* we _h provid$ ourselves ) all ! necess>y app>atus be=e we saw light1 b :i* are /ill1 geologically speak+1 rec5t1 or comp>atively rec5t4 ill4 ,t we are mo/ unconsci\s (1 & h lea/ control ov]1 our dige/ion1 :i* we h 9 common ev5 ) our inv]tebrate ance/ry1 & :i* is a habit ( extreme antiquity4 ,!re is some?+ too l me?od 9 ?is = x to be tak5 z ! result ( m]e *ance--*ance aga9 be+ b ano!r illu/ration ( ,nature's love ( a contradiction 9 t]ms2 = ev]y?+ is *ance1 & no?+ is *ance4 ,& y may take x t all is *ance or no?+ *ance1 accord+ z y please1 b y mu/ n h half *ance & half n *ance--:i*1 h[ev]1 9 practice is j :at y mu/ h4 ,does x n seem z ?\gh ! old] & m confirm$ ! habit1 ! m unque/ion+ ! act ( volition1 till1 9 ! case ( ! olde/ habits1 ! practice ( succe$+ exi/5ces has s =mulat$ ! proc$ure1 t1 on be+ once committ$ to su* & su* a l9e beyond a c]ta9 po9t1 ! subsequ5t c\rse is s cle> z to be op5 to no fur!r d\bt1 & admit ( no alt]native1 till ! v p[] ( que/ion+ is gone1 & ev5 ! consci\sness ( volition8 ,& ?is too ^u matt]s :i*1 9 e>li] /ages ( a man's exi/5ce1 admitt$ ( passionate argum5t & anxi\s delib]ation :e!r to resolve !m ?us or ?us1 ) h]oic haz>d & exp]im5t1 :i* on ! los+ side prov$ to be vice1 & on ! w9n+ virtue4 ,= !re 0 passionate argum5t once :at %ape a man's tee? %\ld be1 nor c ! col\r ( 8 hair be consid]$ z ev5 yet settl$1 or likely to be settl$ = a v long "t4 ,x is "o aga9/ legion :5 a creature tries to diff] f 8 own pa/ selves4 ,he mu/ yield or die if he wants to diff] widely1 s z to lack natural in/9cts1 su* z hung] or ?ir/1 or n to gratify !m4 ,x is m righte\s 9 a man t he %\ld eat /range food1 & t 8 *eek %\ld s mu* z lank n1 ?an t he %\ld />ve if ! /range food be at 8 comm&4 ,8 pa/ selves are liv+ 9 unruly hordes )9 him at ?is mom5t & ov]ma/]+ him4 ,d ?is1 ?is1 ?is1 :i* we too h done1 & f\nd our pr(it 9 x1 cry ! s\ls ( 8 =efa!rs )9 him4 ,fa9t are ! f> ones1 com+ & go+ z ! s\nd ( bells waft$ on to a high m\nta92 l\d & cle> are ! ne> ones1 urg5t z an al>m ( fire4 ,)hold1 cry "s4 ,g on boldly1 cry o!rs4 ,me1 me1 me1 rev]t hi!rw>d1 my desc5dant1 %\ts "o z x 7 f "s high vantage-gr\nd ov] ! heads ( ! clamor\s multitude4 ,nay1 b me1 me1 me1 e*oes ano!r2 & our =m] selves fight )9 u & wrangle = our possession4 ,h we n "h :at is commonly call$ an int]nal tumult1 :5 dead pleasures & pa9s tug )9 u hi!r & ?i!r8 ,!n may ! battle be decid$ by :at p are pleas$ to call our own exp]i5ce4 ,our own inde$6 ,:at is our own save by m]e c\rtesy ( spee*8 ,a matt] ( fa%ion4 ,sanction sanctifie? & fa%ion fa%ione?4 ,& s ) dea?--! mo/ inexorable ( all conv5tions4 ,h[ev] ?is may be1 we may assume x z an axiom ) reg>d to actions acquir$ aft] bir?1 t we nev] d !m automatically save z ! result ( long practice1 & aft] hav+ ?us acquir$ p]fect ma/]y ov] ! action 9 "q4 ,b giv5 ! practice or exp]i5ce1 & ! intricacy ( ! process to be p]=m$ appe>s to matt] v little4 ,!re is h>dly any?+ conceivable z be+ done by man1 :i* a c]ta9 am\nt ( famili>ity w n enable him to d1 un9trospectively1 & )\t consci\s ef=t4 ,! mo/ complex & difficult movem5ts1 writes ,mr4 ,d>w91 c 9 "t be p]=m$ )\t ! lea/ ef=t or consci\sness4 ,all ! ma9 bus9ess ( life is done ?us unconsci\sly or semi-unconsci\sly4 ,= :at is ! ma9 bus9ess ( life8 ,we "w t we may eat & dige/1 r ?an eat & dige/ t we may "w2 ?is1 at any rate1 is ! normal /ate ( ?+s2 ! m important bus9ess !n is t :i* is c>ri$ on unconsci\sly4 ,s aga91 ! action ( ! bra91 :i* goes on prior to our realis+ ! idea 9 :i* x results1 is n p]ceiv$ by ! individual4 ,s also all ! deep] spr+s ( action & conviction4 ,! residuum ) :i* we fret & worry ourselves is a m]e matt] ( detail1 z ! higgl+ & haggl+ ( ! m>ket1 :i* is n ov] ! bulk ( ! price1 b ov] ! la/ halfp5ny4 ,%all we say1 !n1 t a baby ( a day old sucks 7:i* involves ! :ole pr9ciple ( ! pump1 & h5ce a pr(\nd practical k ( ! laws ( pneumatics & hydro/atics71 dige/s1 oxyg5ises its blood 7millions ( ye>s be=e ,sir ,humphry ,davy discov]$ oxyg571 sees & he>s--all mo/ difficult & complicat$ op]ations1 involv+ an unconsci\s k ( ! facts conc]n+ optics & ac\/ics1 comp>$ ) :i* ! consci\s discov]ies ( ,newton s9k into utt] insignificance8 ,%all we say t a baby c d all ^! ?+s at once1 do+ !m s well & s regul>ly1 )\t be+ ev5 able to direct its att5tion to !m1 & )\t mi/ake1 & at ! same "t n "k h[ to d !m1 & nev] h done !m be=e8 ,su* an ass]tion w\ld be a contradiction to ! :ole exp]i5ce ( mank9d4 ,surely ! onus prob&i mu/ re/ ) him :o makes x4 ,a man may make a lucky hit n[ & aga9 by :at is call$ a fluke1 b ev5 ?is mu/ be only a little 9 advance ( 8 o!r p]=mances ( ! same k9d4 ,he may multiply sev5 by eight by a fluke aft] a little /udy ( ! multiplication table1 b he w n be able to extract ! cube root ( #diac by a fluke1 )\t long tra9+ 9 ari?metic1 any m ?an an agricultural lab\r] w\ld be able to op]ate successfully = cat>act4 ,if1 !n1 a gr[n man _c p]=m s simple an op]ation z t1 we w say1 = cat>act1 unless he h be5 long tra9$ 9 o!r simil> op]ations1 & until he has done :at comes to ! same ?+ _m times ov]1 ) :at %[ ( reason c we ma9ta9 t "o :o is s f> less capable ?an a gr[n man1 c p]=m su* va/ly m difficult op]ations1 )\t kn[+ h[ to d !m1 & )\t ev] hav+ done !m be=e8 ,!re is no sign ( fluke ab\t ! circulation ( a baby's blood4 ,!re may p]haps be "s little hesitation ab\t its e>lie/ brea?+1 b ?is1 z a g5]al rule1 soon passes ov]1 bo? brea?+ & circulation1 )9 an h\r aft] bir?1 be+ z regul> & easy z at any "t dur+ life4 ,is x reasonable1 !n1 to say t ! baby does ^! ?+s )\t kn[+ h[ to d !m1 & )\t ev] hav+ done !m be=e1 & cont9ues to d !m by a s]ies ( lifelong flukes8 ,x w\ld be well if ^? :o feel incl9$ to haz>d su* an ass]tion w\ld f9d "s o!r in/ances ( intricate processes gone ?r\gh by p :o "k no?+ ab\t !m1 & :o nev] _h any practice !re94 ,:at is to "k h[ to d a ?+8 ,surely to d x4 ,:at is pro( t we "k h[ to d a ?+8 ,surely ! fact t we c d x4 ,a man %[s t he kn[s h[ to ?r[ ! boom]ang by ?r[+ ! boom]ang4 ,no am\nt ( talk+ or writ+ c get ov] ?is2 ipso facto1 t a baby brea!s & makes its blood circulate1 x kn[s h[ to d s2 & ! fact t x does n "k its own k is only pro( ( ! p]fection ( t k1 & ( ! va/ numb] ( pa/ occasions on :i* x mu/ h be5 ex]cis$ already4 ,z has be5 said already1 x is less obvi\s :5 ! baby c\ld h ga9$ its exp]i5ce1 s z to be able s readily to rememb] exactly :at to d2 b x is m easy to suppose t ! necess>y occasions _c h be5 want+1 ?an t ! p[] :i* we obs]ve1 %\ld h be5 obta9$ )\t practice & memory4 ,if we saw any self-consci\sness on ! baby's "p ab\t its brea?+ or circulation1 we might suspect t x _h _h less exp]i5ce1 or _h pr(it$ less by its exp]i5ce1 ?an its neighb\rs--exactly 9 ! same mann] z we suspect a defici5cy ( any quality :i* we see a man incl9$ to p>ade4 ,we all become introspective :5 we f9d t we d n "k our bus9ess1 & :5ev] we are introspective we may g5]ally suspect t we are on ! v]ge ( unpr(ici5cy4 ,un=tunately1 9 ! case ( sickly *ildr5 we obs]ve t !y sometimes d become consci\s ( _! brea?+ & circulation1 j z 9 lat] life we become consci\s t we h a liv] or a dige/ion4 ,9 t case !re is always some?+ wrong4 ,! baby t becomes aw>e ( its brea?+ does n "k h[ to brea! & w suff] = 8 ignorance & incapacity1 exactly 9 ! same way z he w suff] 9 lat] life = ignorance & incapacity 9 any o!r respect 9 :i* 8 pe]s are commonly kn[+ & capable4 ,9 ! case ( inability to brea!1 ! puni%m5t is corporal1 brea?+ be+ a matt] ( fa%ion1 s old & long settl$ t nature c admit ( no dep>ture f ! e/abli%$ cu/om1 & ! proc$ure 9 case ( failure is z mu* =mulat$ z ! fa%ion itself4 ,9 ! case ( ! circulation1 ! :ole p]=mance has become "o s utt]ly ( rote1 t ! m]e discov]y t we c\ld d x at all 0 consid]$ "o ( ! highe/ flights ( human g5ius4 ,x has be5 said a day w come :5 ! ,pol> ice %all h accumulat$1 till x =ms va/ cont95ts _m ?\s&s ( feet above ! level ( ! sea1 all ( solid ice4 ,! weight ( ?is mass w1 x is believ$1 cause ! _w to topple ov] on its axis1 s t ! e>? w be upset z an ant-heap ov]turn$ by a pl\gh%>e4 ,9 t day ! iceb]gs w come crun*+ aga9/ our pr\de/ cities1 raz+ !m f (f ! face ( ! e>? z ?\gh !y 7 made ( rott5 blott+-pap]4 ,!re is no respect n[ ( ,h&el nor ( ,%akespe>e2 ! works ( ,rembr&t & ,bell9i fossilise at ! bottom ( ! sea4 ,grace1 beauty1 & wit1 all t is preci\s 9 music1 lit]ature1 & art--all gone4 ,9 ! morn+ !re 0 ,europe4 ,9 ! ev5+ !re are no m popul\s cities nor busy hum ( m51 b a sea ( jagg$ ice1 a lurid sunset1 & ! doom ( _m ages4 ,!n %all a sc>$ remnant escape 9 places1 & settle ^u ! *ang$ cont95t :5 ! wat]s h subsid$--a simple p1 busy hunt+ %ellfi% on ! dry+ ocean b$s1 & ) little "t = introspection2 yet !y c read & write & sum1 = by t "t ^! accompli%m5ts w h become univ]sal1 & w be acquir$ z easily z we n[ le>n to talk2 b !y d s z a matt] ( c\rse1 & )\t self-consci\sness4 ,also !y make ! simpl] k9ds ( ma*9]y too easily to be able to foll[ _! own op]ations--! mann] ( _! own appr5tice%ip be+ to !m z a buri$ city4 ,may we n imag9e t1 aft] ! lapse ( ano!r t5 ?\s& ye>s or s1 "s "o ( !m may aga9 become curs$ ) lu/ ( introspection1 & a second ,h>vey may a/oni% ! _w by discov]+ t x c read & write1 & t /eam-eng9es d n gr[1 b are made8 ,x may be safely prophesi$ t he w die a m>tyr1 & be hon\r$ 9 ! f\r? g5]ation4 ,,p]sonal ,,id5tity4 7,,*apt] ,v4 ,,( ,,life ,,& ,,habit47 ,/range difficulties h be5 rais$ by "s1 says ,bi%op ,butl]1 conc]n+ p]sonal id5tity1 or ! sam5ess ( liv+ ag5ts z impli$ 9 ! notion ( our exi/+ n[ & h]eaft]1 or inde$ 9 any two consecutive mom5ts4 ,b 9 tru? x is n easy to see ! /rang5ess ( ! difficulty1 if ! words ei!r p]sonal or id5tity are us$ 9 any /rictness4 ,p]sonality is "o ( ^? ideas ) :i* we are s famili> t we h lo/ sight ( ! f\ndations ^u :i* x re/s4 ,we reg>d our p]sonality z a simple def9ite :ole2 z a pla91 palpable1 individual ?+1 :i* c be se5 go+ ab\t ! /reets or sitt+ indoors at home2 z some?+ :i* la/s u our lifetime1 & ab\t ! conf9es ( :i* no d\bt c exi/ 9 ! m9ds ( reasonable p4 ,b 9 tru? ?is we1 :i* looks s simple & def9ite1 is a nebul\s & indef9able aggregation ( _m compon5t p>ts :i* w> n a little among !mselves1 our p]ception ( our exi/5ce at all be+ p]haps due to ?is v cla% ( w>f>e1 z our s5se ( s\nd & light is due to ! j>r+ ( vibrations4 ,moreov]1 z ! compon5t p>ts ( our id5tity *ange f mom5t to mom5t1 our p]sonality becomes a ?+ dep5d5t ^u "t pres5t1 :i* has no logical exi/5ce1 b lives only ^u ! suff]ance ( times pa/ & future1 slipp+ out ( our h&s into ! doma9 ( "o or o!r ( ^! two claimants ! mom5t we try to appreh5d x4 ,& n only is our p]sonality z fleet+ z ! pres5t mom5t1 b ! p>ts :i* compose x bl5d "s ( !m s imp]ceptibly into1 & are s inextricably l9k$ on to1 outside ?+s :i* cle>ly =m no "p ( our p]sonality1 t :5 we try to br+ ourselves to book & det]m9e :]e9 we consi/1 or to draw a l9e z to :]e we beg9 or end1 we f9d ourselves baffl$4 ,!re is no?+ b fusion & confusion4 ,putt+ !ology on "o side1 & deal+ only ) ! common s5se ( mank9d1 our body is c]ta9ly "p ( our p]sonality4 ,) ! de/ruction ( our bodies1 our p]sonality1 z f> z we c foll[ x1 comes to a full /op2 & ) e modification ( !m x is correspond+ly modifi$4 ,b :at are ! limits ( our bodies8 ,!y are compos$ ( p>ts1 "s ( !m s uness5tial z to be h>dly includ$ 9 p]sonality at all1 & to be sep>able f ourselves )\t p]ceptible effect1 z hair1 nails1 & daily wa/e ( tissue4 ,aga91 o!r p>ts are v important1 z our h&s1 feet1 arms1 legs1 c41 b /ill are no ess5tial p>ts ( our self or s\l1 :i* cont9ues to exi/1 ?\gh 9 a modifi$ condition1 9 spite ( _! amputation4 ,o!r p>ts1 z ! bra91 he>t1 & blood1 are s ess5tial t !y _c be disp5s$ )1 yet x is impossible to say t p]sonality consi/s 9 any "o ( !m4 ,ea* "o ( ^! compon5t memb]s ( our p]sonality is cont9ually dy+ & be+ born aga91 support$ 9 ?is process by ! food we eat1 ! wat] we dr9k1 & ! air we brea!2 :i* ?ree ?+s l9k u on1 & fett] u d[n1 to ! organic & inorganic _w ab\t u4 ,= our meat & dr9k1 ?\gh no "p ( our p]sonality be=e we eat & dr9k1 _c1 aft] we h done s1 be sep>at$ entirely f u )\t ! de/ruction ( our p]sonality altoge!r1 s f> z we c foll[ x2 & :o %all say at :at precise mom5t our food has or has n become "p ( ourselves8 ,a fami%$ man eats food2 aft] a %ort "t 8 :ole p]sonality is s palpably affect$ t we "k ! food to h ent]$ into him & tak51 z x 71 possession ( him2 b :o c say at :at precise mom5t x did s8 ,?us we f9d t we melt away into outside ?+s & are root$ into !m z plants into ! soil 9 :i* !y gr[1 nor c any man say he consi/s absolutely 9 ?is or t1 nor def9e himself s c]ta9ly z to include nei!r m nor less ?an himself2 _m und\bt$ p>ts ( 8 p]sonality be+ m sep>able f x1 & *ang+ x less :5 s sep>at$1 bo? to 8 own s5ses & ^? ( o!r p1 ?an o!r p>ts :i* are /rictly speak+ no p>ts at all4 ,a man's clo!s1 = example1 z !y lie on a *air at night are no "p ( him1 b :5 he we>s !m !y w\ld appe> to be s1 z be+ a k9d ( food :i* w>ms him & hat*es him1 & ! loss ( :i* may kill him ( cold4 ,if ?is be d5i$1 & a man's clo!s be consid]$ z no "p ( 8 self1 nev]!less !y1 ) 8 money1 & x may p]haps be add$ 8 religi\s op9ions1 /amp a man's individuality z /rongly z any natural feature c /amp x4 ,*ange 9 /yle ( dress1 ga9 or loss ( money1 make a man feel & appe> m *ang$ ?an hav+ 8 *9 %av$ or 8 nails cut4 ,9 fact1 z soon z we leave common p>lance on "o side1 & try = a sci5tific def9ition ( p]sonality1 we f9d t !re is none possible1 any m ?an !re c be a demon/ration ( ! fact t we exi/ at all--a demon/ration = :i*1 z = t ( a p]sonal ,god1 _m h hunt$ b :i* none h f\nd4 ,! only solid f\ndation is1 z 9 ! case ( ! e>?'s cru/1 pretty ne> ! surface ( ?+s2 ! deep] we try to g1 ! damp]1 d>k]1 & altoge!r m uncong5ial we f9d x4 ,!re is no quagmire ( sup]/ition into :i* we may n be easily lur$ if we once cut ourselves adrift f ^? sup]ficial aspects ( ?+s1 9 :i* alone our nature p]mits u to be com=t$4 ,common p>lance1 h[ev]1 settles ! difficulty readily en\gh 7z inde$ x settles mo/ o!rs if !y %[ signs ( awkw>dness7 by ! simple process ( ignor+ x3 we decl9e1 & v prop]ly1 to g into ! "q ( :]e p]sonality beg9s & ends1 b assume x to be kn[n by e "o1 & ?r[ ! onus ( n kn[+ x ^u ! ov]- curi\s1 :o _h bett] ?9k z _! neighb\rs d1 "r or wrong1 or !re is no kn[+ into :at villany !y may n pres5tly fall4 ,assum+1 !n1 t e "o kn[s :at is meant by ! ^w p]son 7& su* sup]/iti\s bases z ?is are ! f\ndations ^u :i* all action1 :e!r ( man1 bea/1 or plant1 is con/ruct$ & r5d]$ possible2 = ev5 ! corn 9 ! fields gr[s ^u a sup]/iti\s basis z to its own exi/5ce1 & only turns ! e>? & moi/ure into :eat ?r\gh ! conceit ( its own ability to d s1 )\t :i* fai? x 7 p[]less2 & ! li*5 only gr[s ^u ! granite rock by fir/ say+ to itself1 ,i ?9k ,i c d x2 s t x w\ld n be able to gr[ unless x ?\ght x c\ld gr[1 & w\ld n ?9k x c\ld gr[ unless x f\nd itself able to gr[1 & ?us sp5ds its life argu+ mo/ virtu\sly 9 a mo/ vici\s circle--bas+ action ^u hypo!sis1 :i* hypo!sis is 9 turn bas$ ^u action7--assum+ t we "k :at is meant by ! ^w p]son1 we say t we are "o & ! same p]son f bir? till dea?1 s t :atev] is done by or happ5s to any "o betwe5 bir? & dea?1 is said to happ5 to or be done by "o individual4 ,?is 9 practice is f\nd suffici5t = ! law c\rts & ! purposes ( daily life1 :i*1 be+ full ( hurry & ! pressure ( bus9ess1 c only tol]ate compromise1 or conv5tional r5d]+ ( intricate ph5om5a4 ,:5 facts ( extreme complexity h to be daily & h\rly dealt ) by p ^: "t is money1 !y mu/ be simplifi$1 & treat$ mu* z a pa9t] treats !m1 draw+ !m 9 squ>ely1 seiz+ ! m important features1 & neglect+ all t does n ass]t itself z too ess5tial to be pass$ ov]--h5ce ! slang & cant words ( e pr(ession1 & inde$ all language2 = language at be/ is b a k9d ( patt]1 ! only way1 x is true1 9 _m cases1 ( express+ our ideas to "o ano!r1 b /ill a v bad way1 & n = "o mom5t comp>able to ! unspok5 spee* :i* we may sometimes h rec\rse to4 ,! metaphors & facons de p>l] to :i* ev5 9 ! pla9e/ spee* we are p]petually recurr+ 7z1 = example1 9 ?is la/ two l9es1 pla91 p]petually1 & recurr+1 are all words bas$ on metaphor1 & h5ce m or less liable to mislead7 (t5 deceive u1 z ?\gh !re 7 no?+ m ?an :at we see & say1 & z ?\gh words1 in/ead ( be+1 z !y are1 ! creatures ( our conv5i5ce1 _h "s claim to be ! actual ideas !mselves conc]n+ :i* we are conv]s+4 ,?is is s well express$ 9 a lett] ,i h rec5tly receiv$ f a fri5d1 n[ 9 ,new ,zeal&1 & c]ta9ly n int5d$ by him = publication1 t ,i %all v5ture to quote ! passage1 b %\ld say t ,i d s )\t 8 k or p]mission :i* ,i %\ld n be able to receive be=e ?is book mu/ be complet$4 ,words1 words1 words1 he writes1 are ! /umbl+-blocks 9 ! way ( tru?4 ,until y ?9k ( ?+s z !y are1 & n ( ! words t misrepres5t !m1 y _c ?9k rightly4 ,words produce ! appe>ance ( h>d & fa/ l9es :]e !re are none4 ,words divide2 ?us we call ?is a man1 t an ape1 t a monkey1 :ile !y are all only diff]5tiations ( ! same ?+4 ,to ?9k ( a ?+ !y mu/ be got rid (3 !y are ! clo!s t ?\ghts we>--only ! clo!s4 ,i say ?is ov] & ov] aga91 = !re is no?+ ( m importance4 ,o!r m5's words w /op y at ! beg9n+ ( an inve/igation4 ,a man may play ) words all 8 life1 arrang+ !m & re>rang+ !m l dom9oes4 ,if ,i c\ld ?9k to y )\t words y w\ld und]/& me bett]4 ,if su* rem>ks z ! above hold good at all1 !y d s ) ! words p]sonal id5tity4 ,! lea/ reflection w %[ t p]sonal id5tity 9 any sort ( /rictness is an impossibility4 ,! expression is "o ( ! _m ways 9 :i* we are oblig$ to scamp our ?\ghts ?r\gh pressure ( o!r bus9ess :i* pays u bett]4 ,= surely all reasonable p w feel t an infant an h\r be=e bir?1 :5 9 ! eye ( ! law he has no exi/5ce1 & c\ld n be call$ a pe] = ano!r sixty m9utes1 ?\gh 8 fa!r 7 a pe]1 & already dead1--surely su* an embryo is m p]sonally id5tical ) ! baby into :i* he develops )9 an h\r's "t ?an ! born baby is s ) itself 7if ! expression may be p>don$71 "o1 tw5ty1 or x may be eighty ye>s aft] bir?4 ,!re is m sam5ess ( matt]2 !re are few] diff]5ces ( any k9d p]ceptible by a ?ird p]son2 !re is m s5se ( cont9uity on ! "p ( ! p]son himself1 & f> m ( all t goes to make up our s5se ( sam5ess ( p]sonality betwe5 an embryo an h\r be=e bir? & ! *ild on be+ born1 ?an !re is betwe5 ! *ild j born & ! man ( tw5ty4 ,yet !re is no hesitation ab\t admitt+ sam5ess ( p]sonality betwe5 ^! two la/4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if t hazy contradiction 9 t]ms1 p]sonal id5tity1 be once all[$ to retreat beh9d ! ?re%old ( ! womb1 x has elud$ u once = all4 ,:at is true ( "o h\r be=e bir? is true ( two1 & s on till we get back to ! impregnate ovum1 :i* may fairly claim to h be5 p]sonally id5tical ) ! man ( eighty into :i* x ultimately develop$1 9 spite ( ! fact t !re is no p>ticle ( same matt] nor s5se ( cont9uity betwe5 !m1 nor recognis$ community ( in/9ct1 nor inde$ ( any?+ :i* on a prima facie view ( ! matt] goes to ! mak+ up ( t :i* we call id5tity4 ,!re is f> m ( all ^! ?+s common to ! impregnate ovum & ! ovum imm$iately be=e impregnation1 or aga9 betwe5 ! impregnate ovum1 & bo? ! ovum be=e impregnation & ! sp]matozoon :i* impregnat$ x4 ,nor1 if we admit p]sonal id5tity betwe5 ! ovum & ! octog5>ian1 is !re any suffici5t reason :y we %\ld n admit x betwe5 ! impregnate ovum & ! two factors ( :i* x is compos$1 :i* two factors are b (f%oots f two di/9ct p]sonalities1 ( :i* !y are z mu* "p z ! apple is ( ! apple-tree2 s t an impregnate ovum _c )\t a violation ( fir/ pr9ciples be deb>r$ f claim+ p]sonal id5tity ) bo? its p>5ts1 & h5ce1 by an easy *a9 ( reason+1 ) ea* ( ! impregnate ova f :i* its p>5ts 7 develop$4 ,s t ea* ovum :5 impregnate %\ld be consid]$ n z desc5d$ f its ance/ors1 b z be+ a cont9uation ( ! p]sonality ( e ovum 9 ! *a9 ( its ance/ry1 e :i* ovum x actually is z truly z ! octog5>ian is ! same id5tity ) ! ovum f :i* he has be5 develop$4 ,! two cases /& or fall toge!r4 ,?is process _c /op %ort ( ! primordial cell1 :i* aga9 w probably turn out to be b a brief re/+-place4 ,we !re=e prove ea* "o ( u to be actually ! primordial cell :i* nev] di$ nor dies1 b has diff]5tiat$ itself into ! life ( ! _w1 all liv+ be+s :atev]1 be+ "o ) x1 & memb]s "o ( ano!r4 ,to look at ! matt] = a mom5t 9 ano!r light1 x w be admitt$ t if ! primordial cell _h be5 kill$ be=e leav+ issue1 all its possible desc5dants w\ld h be5 kill$ at "o & ! same "t4 ,x is h>d to see h[ ?is s+le fact does n e/abli% at ! po9t1 z x 71 ( a logical bayonet1 an id5tity betwe5 any creature & all o!rs t are desc5d$ f x4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! f5c+ 7= x does n des]ve ! "n ( s]i\s disputation7 ) :i* ,bi%op ,butl] meets 8 oppon5ts is r5d]$ possible by ! laxness ) :i* ! words id5tical & id5tity are ord9>ily us$4 ,bi%op ,butl] w\ld n s]i\sly d5y t p]sonality und]goes great *anges betwe5 infancy & old age1 & h5ce t x mu/ und]go "s *ange f mom5t to mom5t4 ,s univ]sally is ?is recognis$1 t x is common to he> x said ( su* & su* a man t he is n at all ! p]son he 01 or ( su* & su* ano!r t he is twice ! man he us$ to be--expressions ?an :i* none ne>] ! tru? c well be f\nd4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ^? :om ,bi%op ,butl] is int5d+ to confute w\ld be ! fir/ to admit t1 ?\gh !re are _m *anges betwe5 infancy & old age1 yet !y come ab\t 9 any "o individual "u su* circum/ances z we are all agre$ 9 consid]+ z ! factors ( p]sonal id5tity r ?an z h9drances !reto--t is to say t !re has be5 no entire & p]man5t dea? on ! "p ( ! individual betwe5 any two phases ( 8 exi/5ce1 & t any "o phase has _h a la/+ ?\gh p]haps imp]ceptible effect ^u all succe$+ ones4 ,s t no "o ev] s]i\sly argu$ 9 ! mann] suppos$ by ,bi%op ,butl]1 unless ) modifications & sav+ clauses1 to :i* x does n suit 8 purpose to call att5tion4 99 99 99 99 99 ,no d\bt x w\ld be m /rictly accurate to say y are ! n[ phase ( ! p]son ,i met la/ night1 or y are ! be+ :i* has be5 evolv$ f ! be+ ,i met la/ night1 ?an y are ! p]son ,i met la/ night4 ,b life is too %ort = ! p]iphrases :i* w\ld cr[d ^u u f e qu>t]1 if we did n set our face aga9/ all t is "u ! surface ( ?+s1 unless1 t is to say1 ! go+ b5ea? ! surface is1 = "s special *ance ( pr(it1 excusable or capable ( ext5uation4 99 99 99 99 99 ,take aga9 ! case ( "s weep+ trees1 ^: b\ghs spr+ up into fre% trees :5 !y h rea*$ ! gr\nd1 :o %all say at :at "t !y cease to be memb]s ( ! p>5t tree8 ,9 ! case ( cutt+s f plants x is easy to elude ! difficulty by mak+ a p>ade ( ! %>p & sudd5 act ( sep>ation f ! p>5t /ock1 b ?is is only a piece ( m5tal sleight ( h&2 ! cutt+ rema9s z mu* "p ( its p>5t plant z ?\gh x _h nev] be5 sev]$ f x2 x goes on pr(it+ by ! exp]i5ce :i* x _h be=e x 0 cut (f1 z mu* z ?\gh x _h nev] be5 cut (f at all4 ,?is w be m readily se5 9 ! case ( worms :i* h be5 cut 9 half4 ,let a worm be cut 9 half1 & ! two halves w become fre% worms2 :i* ( !m is ! orig9al worm8 ,surely bo?4 ,p]haps no simpl] cage ?an ?is c\ld readily be f\nd ( ! mann] 9 :i* p]sonality eludes u1 ! mom5t we try to inve/igate its real nature4 ,!re are few ideas :i* on fir/ consid]ation appe> s simple1 & none :i* becomes m utt]ly incapable ( limitation or def9ition z soon z x is exam9$ closely4 ,x has gone ! way ( species4 ,x is n[ g5]ally held t species bl5d or h bl5d$ into "o ano!r2 s t any possibility ( arrangem5t & app>5t subdivision into def9ite gr\ps1 is due to ! suppression by dea? bo? ( individuals & :ole g5]a1 :i*1 _h !y be5 n[ exi/+1 w\ld h l9k$ all liv+ be+s by a s]ies ( gradations s subtle t little classification c\ld h be5 attempt$4 ,:at we h fail$ to see is t ! individual is z mu* l9k$ onto o!r individuals z ! species is l9k$ on to o!r species4 ,h[ x is t ! "o great p]sonality ( life z a :ole1 %\ld h split itself up into s _m c5tres ( ?\ght & action1 ea* "o ( :i* is :olly1 or at any rate ne>ly unconsci\s ( its connection ) ! o!r memb]s1 in/ead ( hav+ gr[n up into a huge polyp1 or z x 7 coral reef or comp\nd animal ov] ! :ole _w1 :i* %\ld be consci\s b ( its own "o s+le exi/5ce2 h[ x is t ! daily wa/e ( ?is creature %\ld be c>ri$ on by ! consci\s dea? ( its individual memb]s1 in/ead ( by ! unconsci\s wa/e ( tissue :i* goes on 9 ! bodies ( ea* individual 7if inde$ ! tissue :i* we wa/e daily 9 our own bodies is s unconsci\s ( its bir? & dea? z we suppose72 h[1 aga91 t ! daily repair ( ?is huge creature life %\ld h become dec5tralis$1 & be c>ri$ on by consci\s reproduction on ! "p ( its compon5t items1 in/ead ( by ! unconsci\s nutrition ( ! :ole f a s+le c5tre1 z ! nutrition ( our own bodies w\ld appe> 7?\gh p]haps falsely7 to be c>ri$ on2 ^! are matt]s ^u :i* ,i d>e n speculate "h1 b on :i* "s reflections may foll[ 9 subsequ5t *apt]s4 ,,in/9ct ,,z ,,inh]it$ ,,memory4 7,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,( ,,life ,,& ,,habit47 ,obvi\sly ! memory ( a habit or exp]i5ce w n commonly be transmitt$ to (fspr+ 9 t p]fection :i* is call$ in/9ct1 till ! habit or exp]i5ce has be5 repeat$ 9 sev]al g5]ations ) m or less uni=mity2 = o!rwise ! impression made w n be /rong en\gh to endure ?r\gh ! busy & difficult task ( reproduction4 ,?is ( c\rse involves t ! habit %all h atta9$1 z x 71 equilibrium ) ! creature's s5se ( its own ne$s1 s t x %all h long seem$ ! be/ c\rse possible1 leav+ ^u ! :ole & "u ord9>y circum/ances little fur!r to be desir$1 & h5ce t x %\ld h be5 little v>i$ dur+ _m g5]ations4 ,we %\ld expect t x w\ld be transmitt$ 9 a m or less p>tial1 v>y+1 imp]fect1 & intellig5t condition be=e equilibrium _h be5 atta9$2 x w\ld1 h[ev]1 cont9ually t5d t[>ds equilibrium4 ,:5 ?is /age has be5 rea*$1 z reg>ds any habit1 ! creature w cease try+ to improve2 on :i* ! repetition ( ! habit w become /able1 & h5ce capable ( m un]r+ transmission--b at ! same "t improvem5t w cease2 ! habit w become fix$1 & be p]haps transmitt$ at an e>li] & e>li] age1 till x has rea*$ t date ( manife/ation :i* %all be f\nd mo/ agreeable to ! o!r habits ( ! creature4 ,x w also be manife/$1 z a matt] ( c\rse1 )\t fur!r consci\sness or reflection1 = p _c be always op5+ up settl$ que/ions2 if !y ?\ght a matt] all ov] ye/]day !y _c ?9k x all ov] aga9 to-day1 :at !y ?\ght !n !y w ?9k n[1 & w act ^u _! op9ion2 & ?is1 too1 ev5 9 spite sometimes ( misgiv+1 t if !y 7 to ?9k /ill fur!r !y c\ld f9d a /ill bett] c\rse4 ,x is n1 !re=e1 to be expect$ t in/9ct %\ld %[ signs ( t hesitat+ & t5tative action :i* results f k t is /ill s imp]fect z to be actively self-consci\s2 nor yet t x %\ld gr[ or v>y p]ceptibly unless "u su* *ang$ conditions z %all baffle memory1 & pres5t ! alt]native ( ei!r inv5tion--t is to say1 v>iation--or dea?4 ,b e in/9ct mu/ h pass$ ?r\gh ! labori\sly intellig5t /ages ?r\gh :i* human civilisations & me*anical inv5tions are n[ pass+2 & he :o w\ld /udy ! orig9 ( an in/9ct ) its developm5t1 p>tial transmission1 fur!r gr[?1 fur!r transmission1 approa* to m unreflect+ /ability1 & f9ally1 its p]fection z an un]r+ & un]r+ly transmitt$ in/9ct1 mu/ look to laws1 cu/oms1 & ma*9]y z 8 be/ in/ructors4 ,cu/oms & ma*9es are in/9cts & organs n[ 9 process ( developm5t2 !y w assur$ly "o day rea* ! unconsci\s /ate ( equilibrium :i* we obs]ve 9 ! /ructures & in/9cts ( bees & ants1 & an approa* to :i* may be f\nd among "s savage nations4 ,we may reflect1 h[ev]1 n )\t pleasure1 t ?is condition--! true mill5nium--is /ill di/ant4 ,nev]!less ! ants & bees seem happy2 p]haps m happy ?an :5 s _m social que/ions 7 9 z hot discussion among !m z o!r & n dissimil> ones w "o day be among/ ourselves4 ,& ?is1 z w be app>5t1 op5s up ! :ole "q ( ! /ability ( species1 :i* we _c foll[ fur!r "h1 ?an to say1 t accord+ to ! balance ( te/imony1 _m plants & animals d appe> to h rea*$ a phase ( be+ f :i* !y are h>d to move--t is to say1 !y w die soon] ?an be at ! pa9s ( alt]+ _! habits--true m>tyrs to _! convictions4 ,su* races refuse to see *anges 9 _! surr\nd+s z long z !y c1 b :5 compell$ to recognise !m1 !y ?r[ up ! game because !y _c & w n1 or w n & _c1 inv5t4 ,?is is p]fectly intelligible1 = a race is no?+ b a long-liv$ individual1 & l any individual1 or tribe ( m5 :om we h yet obs]v$1 w h its special capacities & its special limitations1 ?\gh1 z 9 ! case ( ! individual1 s also ) ! race1 x is exce$+ly h>d to say :at ^? limitations are1 & :y1 hav+ be5 able to g s f>1 x %\ld g no fur!r4 ,e man & e race is capable ( education up to a c]ta9 po9t1 b n to ! ext5t ( be+ made f a s['s e> into a silk purse4 ,! proximate cause ( ! limitation seems to lie 9 ! abs5ce ( ! wi% to g fur!r2 ! pres5ce or abs5ce ( ! wi% w dep5d ^u ! nature & surr\nd+s ( ! individual1 :i* is simply a way ( say+ t "o c get no fur!r1 b t z ! song 7) a slight alt]ation7 says3-- ,"s bre$s d1 & "s bre$s don't1 ,"s bre$s w1 b ?is bre$ won't3 ,i tri$ v (t5 to see if x w\ld1 ,b x said x really c\ldn't1 & ,i don't ?9k x c\ld4 99 99 99 99 99 ,m4 ,ribot 9 8 "w on ,h]$ity #aai writes 7p4 #ad73--,! duckl+ hat*$ by ! h5 makes /raight = wat]4 ,9 :at conceivable way c we acc\nt = ?is1 except on ! supposition t ! duckl+ kn[s p]fectly well :at x c & :at x _c d ) wat]1 ow+ to its recollection ( :at x did :5 x 0 /ill "o individuality ) its p>5ts1 & h5ce1 :5 x 0 a duckl+ be=e8 ,! squirrel1 be=e x kn[s any?+ ( w9t]1 lays up a /ore ( nuts4 ,a bird :5 hat*$ 9 a cage w1 :5 giv5 its fre$om1 build = itself a ne/ l t ( its p>5ts1 out ( ! same mat]ials1 & ( ! same %ape4 ,if ?is is n due to memory1 ev5 an imp]fect explanation ( :at else x c be due to1 w\ld1 to quote f ,mr4 ,d>w91 be satisfactory4 ,intellig5ce gropes ab\t1 tries ?is way & t1 misses its object1 commits mi/akes1 & corrects !m4 ,yes4 ,because intellig5ce is ( consci\sness1 & consci\sness is ( att5tion1 & att5tion is ( unc]ta9ty1 & unc]ta9ty is ( ignorance or want ( consci\sness4 ,intellig5ce is n yet ?or\ghly up to its bus9ess4 ,in/9ct advances ) a me*anical c]ta9ty1 h5ce comes its unconsci\s "*4 ,x kn[s no?+ ei!r ( ends1 or ( ! means ( atta9+ !m3 x implies no comp>ison1 judgm5t1 or *oice4 ,?is is assumption4 ,:at is c]ta9 is t in/9ct does n betray signs ( self-consci\sness z to its own k4 ,x has dismiss$ ref]5ce to fir/ pr9ciples1 & is no long] "u ! law1 b "u ! grace ( a settl$ conviction4 ,all seems direct$ by ?\ght4 ,yes2 because all has be5 9 e>li] exi/5ces direct$ by ?\ght4 ,)\t ev] arriv+ at ?\ght4 ,because x has got pa/ ?\ght1 & ?\gh direct$ by ?\ght orig9ally1 is n[ travell+ 9 exactly ! opposite direction4 ,x is n likely to rea* ?\ght aga91 till p get to "k worse & worse h[ to d ?+s1 ! (t5] !y practise !m4 ,& if ?is ph5om5on appe> /range1 x mu/ be obs]v$ t analog\s /ates occur 9 ourselves4 ,all t we d f habit--walk+1 writ+1 or practis+ a me*anical act1 = in/ance--all ^! & _m o!r v complex acts are p]=m$ )\t consci\sness4 ,in/9ct appe>s /ation>y4 ,x does n1 l intellig5ce1 seem to gr[ & decay1 to ga9 & to lose4 ,x does n improve4 ,naturally4 ,= improvem5t c only z a g5]al rule be look$ = along ! l9e ( late/ developm5t1 t is to say1 9 matt]s conc]n+ :i* ! creature is be+ /ill consci\sly ex]cis$4 ,old] que/ions are settl$1 & ! solution mu/ be accept$ z f9al1 = ! "q ( liv+ at all w\ld be r$uc$ to an absurdity1 if ev]y?+ decid$ ^u "o day 0 to be undecid$ aga9 ! next2 z ) pa9t+ or music1 s ) life & politics1 let e man be fully p]suad$ 9 8 own m9d1 = decision ) wrong w be commonly a bett] policy ?an indecision--,i _h almo/ add$ ) "r2 & a firm purpose ) risk w be bett] ?an an infirm "o ) tempor>y exemption f disa/]4 ,e race has made its great blund]s1 to :i* x has nev]!less adh]$1 inasmu* z ! correspond+ modification ( o!r /ructures & in/9cts 0 f\nd pref]able to ! revolution :i* w\ld be caus$ by a radical *ange ( /ructure1 ) consequ5t havoc among a legion ( ve/$ int]e/s4 ,rudim5t>y organs are1 z has be5 (t5 said1 ! survivals ( ^! int]e/s--! signs ( _! peaceful & gradual ext9ction z liv+ fai?s2 !y are also in/ances ( ! difficulty ( break+ ?r\gh any cant or trick :i* we h long practis$1 & :i* is n suffici5tly tr\blesome to make x a s]i\s object ) u to cure ourselves ( ! habit4 ,if x does n rema9 p]fectly inv>iable1 at lea/ x only v>ies )9 v n>r[ limits2 & ?\gh ?is "q has be5 w>mly debat$ 9 our day & is yet unsettl$1 we may yet say t 9 in/9ct immutability is ! law1 v>iation ! exception4 ,?is is q z x %\ld be4 ,g5ius w occasionally rise a little above conv5tion1 b ) an old conv5tion immutability w be ! rule4 ,su*1 cont9ues ,m4 ,ribot1 are ! admitt$ *>act]s ( in/9ct4 ,yes2 b are !y n also ! admitt$ *>act]s ( habitual actions t are due to memory8 99 99 99 99 99 ,m4 ,ribot says a little fur!r on3 ,orig9ally man _h consid]able tr\ble 9 tam+ ! animals :i* are n[ dome/icat$2 & 8 "w w\ld h be5 9 va9 _h n h]$ity 7memory7 come to 8 aid4 ,x may be said t aft] man has modifi$ a wild animal to 8 w1 !re goes on 9 its prog5y a sil5t conflict betwe5 two h]$ities 7memories71 ! "o t5d+ to fix ! acquir$ modifications & ! o!r to pres]ve ! primitive in/9cts4 ,! latt] (t5 get ! ma/]y1 & only aft] sev]al g5]ations is tra9+ sure ( victory4 ,b we may see t 9 ei!r case h]$ity 7memory7 always ass]ts its rights4 ,h[ m>vell\sly is ! above passage elucidat$ & made to fit 9 ) ! results ( our recognis$ exp]i5ce1 by ! simple sub/itution ( ! ^w memory = h]$ity4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i _c refra9 f br++ =w>d a few m in/ances ( :at ,i ?9k mu/ be consid]$ by e read] z h]$it>y memory4 ,sydney ,smi? writes3-- ,sir ,james ,hall hat*$ "s *ick5s 9 an ov54 ,)9 a few m9utes aft] ! %ell 0 brok51 a spid] 0 turn$ loose be=e ?is v y\?ful brood2 ! de/roy] ( flies _h h>dly proce$$ m ?an a few in*es1 be=e he 0 descri$ by "o ( ^! ov5-born *ick5s1 &1 at "o peck ( 8 bill1 imm$iately dev\r$4 ,?is c]ta9ly 0 n imitation4 ,a female goat v ne> deliv]y di$2 ,gal5 cut out ! "y kid1 & plac$ be=e x a bundle ( hay1 a bun* ( fruit1 & a pan ( milk2 ! "y kid smelt to !m all v att5tively1 & !n began to lap ! milk4 ,?is 0 n imitation4 ,& :at is commonly & rightly call$ in/9ct1 _c be expla9$ away "u ! notion ( its be+ imitation4 7,lecture xvii4 on ,moral ,philosophy47 ,x _c1 inde$1 be expla9$ away "u ! notion ( its be+ imitation1 b ,i ?9k x may well be s "u t ( its be+ memory4 ,aga91 a little fur!r on 9 ! same lecture z t above quot$ f1 we f9d3-- ,ants & beav]s lay up magaz9es4 ,:]e d !y get _! k t x w n be s easy to collect food 9 ra9y wea!r z x is 9 summ]8 ,m5 & wom5 "k ^! ?+s1 because _! gr&papas & gr&mammas h told !m s4 ,ants hat*$ f ! egg artificially1 or birds hat*$ 9 ?is mann]1 h all ?is k by intuition1 )\t ! smalle/ communication ) any ( _! relations4 ,n[ obs]ve :at ! solit>y wasp does2 %e digs sev]al holes 9 ! s&1 9 ea* ( :i* %e deposits an egg1 ?\gh %e c]ta9ly kn[s n 787 t an animal is deposit$ 9 t egg1 & /ill less t ?is animal mu/ be n\ri%$ ) o!r animals4 ,%e collects a few gre5 flies1 rolls !m up neatly 9 sev]al p>cels 7l ,bologna sausages71 & /uffs "o p>cel into ea* hole :]e an egg is deposit$4 ,:5 ! wasp worm is hat*$1 x f9ds a /ore ( provision ready made2 & :at is mo/ curi\s1 ! quantity allott$ to ea* is exactly suffici5t to support x1 till x atta9s ! p]iod ( wasphood1 & c provide = itself4 ,?is in/9ct ( ! p>5t wasp is ! m rem>kable z x does n fe$ ^u fle% itself4 ,"h ! little creature has nev] se5 its p>5t2 = by ! "t x is born1 ! p>5t is always eat5 by sp>r[s2 & yet1 )\t ! slighte/ education1 or previ\s exp]i5ce1 x does ev]y?+ t ! p>5t did be=e x4 ,n[ ! objectors to ! doctr9e ( in/9ct may say :at !y please1 b "y tailors h no intuitive me?od ( mak+ pantaloons2 a new-born m]c] _c measure diap]2 nature tea*es a cook's daught] no?+ ab\t sippets4 ,all ^! ?+s require ) u sev5 ye>s' appr5tice%ip2 b insects are l ,moli]e's p]sons ( quality--!y "k ev]y?+ 7z ,moli]e says7 )\t hav+ le>nt any?+4 ',les g5s de qualite sav5t t\t1 sans avoir ri5 appris4' ,h[ completely all difficulty vani%es f ! facts s pleasantly told 9 ?is passage :5 we be> 9 m9d ! true nature ( p]sonal id5tity1 ! ord9>y work+ ( memory1 & ! vani%+ t5d5cy ( consci\sness conc]n+ :at we "k exce$+ly well4 ,my la/ in/ance ,i take f ,m4 ,ribot1 :o writes3--,gratiolet1 9 8 ,anatomie ,comp>ee du ,sy/ems ,n]veux1 /ates t an old piece ( wolf's sk91 ) ! hair all worn away1 :5 set be=e a little dog1 ?rew ! animal into convulsions ( fe> by ! slight sc5t atta*+ to x4 ,! dog _h nev] se5 a wolf1 & we c only expla9 ?is al>m by ! h]$it>y transmission ( c]ta9 s5tim5ts1 c\pl$ ) a c]ta9 p]ception ( ! s5se ( smell4 7,h]$ity1 p4 #dc47 ,i %\ld pref] to say we c only expla9 ! al>m by suppos+ t ! smell ( ! wolf's sk9--! s5se ( smell be+1 z we all "k1 m p[]ful to recall ! ideas t h be5 associat$ ) x ?an any o!r s5se--br\ght up ! ideas ) :i* x _h be5 associat$ 9 ! dog's m9d dur+ _m previ\s exi/5ces--he on smell+ ! wolf's sk9 rememb]+ all ab\t wolves p]fectly well4 ,,conclud+ ,,rem>ks4 7,,f ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,( ,,life ,,& ,,habit47 ,"h1 !n1 ,i leave my case1 ?\gh well aw>e t ,i h cross$ ! ?re%old only ( my subject4 ,my "w is ( a t5tative "*1 put be=e ! public z a sket* or design = a1 possibly1 fur!r endeav\r1 9 :i* ,i hope to d]ive assi/ance f ! criticisms :i* ?is pres5t volume may elicit4 #abe ,su* z x is1 h[ev]1 = ! pres5t ,i mu/ leave x4 ,we h se5 t we _c d any?+ ?or\ghly till we c d x unconsci\sly1 & t we _c d any?+ unconsci\sly till we c d x ?or\ghly2 ?is at fir/ seems illogical2 b logic & consi/5cy are luxuries = ! gods1 & ! l[] animals1 only4 ,?us a boy _c really "k h[ to swim till he c swim1 b he _c swim till he kn[s h[ to swim4 ,consci\s ef=t is b ! process ( rubb+ (f ! r\gh corn]s f ^! two contradictory /atem5ts1 till !y ev5tually fit into "o ano!r s closely t x is impossible to disjo9 !m4 ,:5ev] we see any creature able to g ?r\gh any complicat$ & difficult process ) little or no ef=t--:e!r x be a bird build+ h] ne/1 or a h5's egg mak+ itself into a *ick51 or an ovum turn+ itself into a baby--we may conclude t ! creature has done ! same ?+ on a v great numb] ( pa/ occasions4 ,we f\nd ! ph5om5a exhibit$ by h]$ity to be s l ^? ( memory1 & to be s inexplicable on any o!r supposition ?an t !y 7 modes ( memory1 t x 0 easi] to suppose !m due to memory 9 spite ( ! fact t we _c rememb] hav+ recollect$1 ?an to believe t because we _c s rememb]1 !re=e ! ph5om5a _c be due to memory4 ,we 7 ?us l$ to consid] p]sonal id5tity1 9 ord] to see :e!r !re 0 suffici5t reason = d5y+ t ! exp]i5ce1 :i* we mu/ h cle>ly ga9$ some:]e1 0 ga9$ by u :5 we 7 9 ! p]sons ( our =efa!rs2 we f\nd1 n )\t surprise1 t unless we admitt$ t x might be s ga9$1 9 s f> z t we once actually 7 our remote/ ance/or1 we mu/ *ange our ideas conc]n+ p]sonality altoge!r4 ,we !re=e assum$ t ! ph5om5a ( h]$ity1 :e!r z reg>ds in/9ct or /ructure1 7 due to memory ( pa/ exp]i5ces1 accumulat$ & fus$ till !y _h become automatic1 or quasi automatic1 mu* 9 ! same way z aft] a long life-- 4 4 4 ,old exp]i5ce do? atta9 ,to some?+ l prophetic /ra94 ,aft] deal+ ) c]ta9 ph5om5a ( memory1 b m especially ) its abeyance & revival1 we inquir$ :at ! pr9cipal correspond+ ph5om5a ( life & species %\ld be1 on ! hypo!sis t !y 7 ma9ly due to memory4 ,i ?9k ,i may say t we f\nd ! hypo!sis fit 9 ) actual facts 9 a suffici5tly satisfactory mann]4 ,we f\nd n a few matt]s1 z1 = example1 ! /]ility ( hybrids1 ! pr9ciple und]ly+ longevity1 ! ph5om5a ( old age1 & pub]ty z g5]ally ne> ! end ( developm5t1 expla9 !mselves ) m complet5ess ?an ,i h yet he>d ( _! be+ expla9$ on any o!r hypo!sis4 ,mo/ inde$ ( ^! ph5om5a h be5 left hi!rto )\t ev5 an attempt at an explanation4 ,we consid]$ ! mo/ important difficulty 9 ! way ( in/9ct z h]$it>y habit1 namely1 ! /ructure & in/9cts ( neut] insects2 ^! are v unlike ^? ( _! p>5ts1 & _c1 app>5tly1 be transmitt$ to (fspr+ by individuals ( ! previ\s g5]ation1 9 :om su* /ructure & in/9cts appe>$1 inasmu* z ^! creatures are /]ile4 ,i d n say t ! difficulty is :olly remov$1 inasmu* z "s obscurity mu/ be admitt$ to rema9 z to ! mann] 9 :i* ! /ructure ( ! l>va is abort$2 ?is obscurity is likely to rema9 till we "k m ( ! e>ly hi/ory ( civilisation among bees ?an ,i c f9d t we "k at pres5t2 b ,i believe ! difficulty 0 r$uc$ to su* proportions z to make x little likely to be felt 9 comp>ison ) t ( attribut+ in/9ct to any o!r cause ?an inh]it$ habit1 or memory on ! "p ( (fspr+1 ( habits contract$ 9 ! p]sons ( its ance/ors4 #abg ,we !n inquir$ :at 0 ! great pr9ciple und]ly+ v>iation1 & answ]$1 ) ,lam>ck1 t x mu/ be s5se ( ne$2 & ?\gh n )\t be+ haunt$ by suspicion ( a vici\s circle1 & also well aw>e t we 7 n mu* ne>] ! orig9 ( life ?an :5 we />t$1 we /ill conclud$ t "h 0 ! true/ orig9 ( species1 & h5ce ( g5]a2 & t ! accumulation ( v>iations1 :i* 9 "t am\nt$ to specific & g5]ic diff]5ces1 0 due to intellig5ce & memory on ! "p ( ! creature v>y+1 r ?an to ! op]ation ( :at ,mr4 ,d>w9 has call$ natural selection4 ,at ! same "t we admitt$ t ! c\rse ( nature is v mu* z ,mr4 ,d>w9 has repres5t$ x1 9 ?is respect1 9 s f> z t !re is a /ruggle = exi/5ce1 & t ! weak] mu/ g to ! wall4 ,b we d5i$ t ?is "p ( ! c\rse ( nature w\ld lead to mu*1 if any1 accumulation ( v>iation1 unless ! v>iation 0 direct$ ma9ly by intellig5t s5se ( ne$1 ) cont9u$ p]sonality & memory4 ,we conclude1 !re=e1 t ! small1 app>5tly /ructureless1 impregnate ovum f :i* we h ea* "o ( u sprung1 has a pot5tial recollection ( all t has happ5$ to ea* "o ( its ance/ors prior to ! p]iod at :i* any su* ance/or has issu$ f ! bodies ( its prog5itors--provid$1 t is to say1 a suffici5tly deep1 or suffici5tly (t5-repeat$1 impression has be5 made to admit ( its be+ rememb]$ at all4 ,ea* /ep ( normal developm5t w lead ! impregnate ovum up to1 & rem9d x (1 its next ord9>y c\rse ( action1 9 ! same way z we1 :5 we recite a well-kn[n passage1 are l$ up to ea* successive s5t5ce by ! s5t5ce :i* has imm$iately prec$$ x4 ,& = ?is reason1 namely1 t z x takes two p to tell a ?+--a speak] & a compreh5d+ li/5]1 )\t :i* la/1 ?\gh mu* may h be5 said1 !re has be5 no?+ told--s also x takes two p1 z x 71 to rememb] a ?+--! creature rememb]+1 & ! surr\nd+s ( ! creature at ! "t x la/ rememb]$4 ,h5ce1 ?\gh ! ovum imm$iately aft] impregnation is in/9ct ) all ! memories ( bo? p>5ts1 n "o ( ^! memories c normally become active till bo? ! ovum itself1 & its surr\nd+s1 are suffici5tly l :at !y respectively 71 :5 ! occurr5ce n[ to be rememb]$ la/ took place4 ,! memory w !n imm$iately return1 & ! creature w d z x did on ! la/ occasion t x 0 9 l case z n[4 ,?is ensures t simil>ity ( ord] %all be pres]v$ 9 all ! /ages ( developm5t 9 successive g5]ations4 ,life !n is ! be+ possess$ ( memory4 ,we are all ! same /uff to />t )2 plants & animals only diff] f "o ano!r because !y rememb] diff]5t ?+s2 !y gr[ up 9 ! %apes !y be> because ^! %apes are ! embodim5ts ( _! ideas conc]n+ _! own pa/ hi/ory2 !y are =ms ( fai? or fai?s ( =m :i*ev] ! read] *ooses4 ,h5ce ! t]m ,natural ,hi/ory1 z appli$ to ! diff]5t plants & animals ar\nd u4 ,= surely ! /udy ( natural hi/ory means only ! /udy ( plants & animals !mselves1 :i*1 at ! mom5t ( us+ ! words ,natural ,hi/ory1 we assume to be ! mo/ important "p ( nature4 ,a liv+ creature well support$ by a mass ( heal?y ance/ral memory is a "y & gr[+ creature1 free f a*e or pa91 & ?or\ghly acqua9t$ ) its bus9ess s f>1 b ) mu* yet to be rem9d$ (4 ,a creature :i* f9ds itself & its surr\nd+s n s unlike ^? ( its p>5ts ab\t ! "t ( _! begett+ x1 z to be compell$ to recognise t x nev] yet 0 9 any su* position1 is a creature 9 ! heyday ( life4 ,a creature :i* beg9s to be aw>e ( itself is "o :i* is beg9n+ to recognise t ! situation is a new "o4 ,x is ! "y & fair1 !n1 :o are ! truly old & truly exp]i5c$2 x is !y :o alone h a tru/wor?y memory to guide !m2 !y alone "k ?+s z !y are1 & x is f !m t1 z we gr[ old]1 we mu/ /udy if we w\ld /ill cl+ to tru?4 ,! :ole *>m ( y\? lies 9 its advantage ov] age 9 respect ( exp]i5ce1 & :]e ?is has = "s reason fail$1 or be5 misappli$1 ! *>m is brok54 ,:5 we say t we are gett+ old1 we %\ld say r t we are gett+ new or "y1 & are suff]+ f inexp]i5ce1 :i* drives u into do+ ?+s :i* we d n und]/&1 & l&s u1 ev5tually1 9 ! utt] impot5ce ( dea?4 ,! k+dom ( heav5 is ! k+dom ( little *ildr54 ,,selections ,,f ,,evolution1 ,,old ,,& ,,new4 #aca ,,impot5ce ,,( ,,paley',s ,,conclusion4 ,,! ,,teleology ,,( ,,! ,,evolutioni/4 7,,f ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,( ,,evolution1 ,,old ,,& ,,new47 ,if we conceive ( ourselves z look+ simultane\sly ^u a real foot1 & ^u an admirably con/ruct$ artificial "o1 plac$ by ! side ( x1 ! idea ( design1 & design by an intellig5t liv+ be+ ) a body & s\l 7)\t :i*1 ! use ( ! ^w design is delusive71 w pres5t itself /rongly to our m9ds 9 connection bo? ) ! true foot & ) ! model2 b we f9d ano!r idea ass]t+ itself ) ev5 great] /r5g?1 namely1 t ! design ( ! true foot is inf9itely m intricate1 & yet is c>ri$ into execution 9 f> m ma/]ly mann] ?an t ( ! model4 ,we n only feel t !re is a wid] diff]5ce betwe5 ! ability1 "t1 & c>e :i* h be5 lavi%$ on ! real foot & ^u ! model1 ?an !re is betwe5 ! skill & ! "t tak5 to produce ,we/m9/] ,abbey1 & t be/[$ ^u a g+]bread cake /uck ) sug> plums s z to repres5t x1 b also t ^! two objects mu/ h be5 manufactur$ on diff]5t pr9ciples4 ,we d n = a mom5t d\bt t ! real foot 0 design$1 b we are s a/oni%$ at ! dext]ity ( ! design] t we are at a loss = "s "t to ?9k :o c\ld h design$ x1 :]e he c live1 9 :at mann] he /udi$1 = h[ long1 & by :at processes he c>ri$ out 8 design1 :5 matur$1 into actual practice4 ,until rec5tly x 0 ?\ght t !re 0 no answ] to _m ( ^! que/ions1 m especially to ^? :i* be> ^u ! mode ( manufacture4 ,= ! la/ hundr$ ye>s1 h[ev]1 ! importance ( a /udy has be5 recognis$ :i* does actually reveal to u 9 no small degree ! processes by :i* ! human foot is manufactur$1 s t 9 our endeav\r to lay our h&s ^u ! po9ts ( diff]5ce betwe5 ! k9d ( design ) :i* ! foot itself is design$1 & ! design ( ! model1 we turn naturally to ! guidance ( ^? :o h made ?is /udy _! specialty2 & a v wide diff]5ce does ?is /udy1 embryology1 at once reveal to u4 ,writ+ ( ! successive *anges ?r\gh :i* ea* embryo is =c$ to pass1 ! late ,mr4 ,g4 ,h4 ,lewes says t none ( ^! phases h any adaptation to ! future /ate ( ! animal1 b are 9 positive contradiction to x or are simply purposeless2 :]eas all %[ /amp$ on !m ! unmi/akable *>act]s ( ance/ral adaptation1 & ! progressions ( organic evolution4 ,:at does ! fact imply8 ,!re is n a s+le kn[n example ( a complex organism :i* is n develop$ out ( simpl] =ms4 ,be=e x c atta9 ! complex /ructure :i* di/+ui%es x1 !re mu/ be an evolution ( =ms simil> to ^? :i* di/+ui% ! /ructure ( organisms l[] 9 ! s]ies4 ,on ! hypo!sis ( a plan :i* pre>rang$ ! organic _w1 no?+ c\ld be m unwor?y ( a supreme intellig5ce ?an ?is inability to con/ruct an organism at once1 )\t mak+ sev]al previ\s t5tative ef=ts1 undo+ to-day :at 0 s c>efully done ye/]day1 & repeat+ = c5turies ! same t5tatives 9 ! same succession4 ,d n let u bl9k ?is consid]ation4 ,!re is a traditional phrase mu* 9 vogue among ! an?ropomorphi/s1 :i* arose naturally en\gh f a t5d5cy to take human me?ods z an explanation ( ! ,div9e--a phrase :i* becomes a sort ( argum5t--',! ,great ,ar*itect4' ,b if we are to admit ! human po9t ( view1 a glance at ! facts ( embryology mu/ produce v uncom=table reflections4 ,= :at %\ld we say to an ar*itect :o 0 unable1 or be+ able 0 ob/9ately unwill+1 to erect a palace except by fir/ us+ 8 mat]ials 9 ! %ape ( a hut1 !n pull+ !m d[n & rebuild+ !m z a cottage1 !n add+ /ory to /ory & room to room1 n ) any ref]5ce to ! ultimate purposes ( ! palace1 b :olly ) ref]5ce to ! way 9 :i* h\ses 7 con/ruct$ 9 anci5t times8 ,:at %\ld we say to ! ar*itect :o c\ld n =m a museum out ( bricks & mort>1 b 0 =c$ to beg9 z if go+ to con/ruct a mansion1 & aft] proce$+ "s way 9 ?is direction1 alt]$ 8 plan into a palace1 & t aga9 into a museum8 ,yet ?is is ! sort ( succession on :i* organisms are con/ruct$4 ,! fact has long be5 famili>2 h[ has x be5 reconcil$ ) inf9ite wisdom8 ,let ! foll[+ passage answ] = a ?\s&3--',! embryo is no?+ l ! m9iature ( ! adult4 ,= a long :ile ! body 9 its entirety & 9 its details1 pres5ts ! /range/ ( spectacles4 ,day by day & h\r by h\r1 ! aspect ( ! sc5e *anges1 & ?is in/ability is exhibit$ by ! mo/ ess5tial p>ts no less ?an by ! accessory p>ts4 ,"o w\ld say t nature feels h] way1 & only rea*es ! goal aft] _m times miss+ ! pa?' 7on dirait que la nature tatonne et ne conduit son oeuvre a bon f91 qu'apres s'etre s\v5t trompee74 #acd;a ,! above passage does n1 ,i ?9k1 affect ! evid5ce = design :i* we adduc$ 9 ! prec$+ *apt]4 #acd;b ,h[ev] /range ! process ( manufacture may appe>1 :5 ! "w comes to be turn$ out ! design is too manife/ to be d\bt$4 ,if ! read] 7 to come ^u "s lawy]'s de$ :i* dealt ) matt]s ( su* unspeakable intricacy t x baffl$ 8 imag9ation to conceive h[ x c\ld ev] h be5 draft$1 & if 9 spite ( ?is he 7 to f9d ! intricacy ( ! provisions to be made1 exce$$ only by ! ease & simplicity ) :i* ! de$ provid+ = !m 0 f\nd to "w 9 practice2 & aft] ?is1 if he 7 to discov] t ! de$1 by :omsoev] drawn1 _h nev]!less be5 draft$ ^u pr9ciples :i* at fir/ seem$ v =eign to any accord+ to :i* he 0 9 ! habit ( draft+ de$s himself1 z = example1 t ! draftsman _h begun to draft a w z a m>riage settlem5t1 & s =?--yet an obs]v] w\ld n1 ,i take x1 d ei!r ( two ?+s4 ,he w\ld n 9 ! face ( ! result d5y ! design1 mak+ himself judge r ( ! me?od ( proc$ure ?an ( ! a*ievem5t4 ,nor yet aft] insi/+ 9 ! mann] ( ,paley1 on ! wond]ful pro(s ( int5tion & on ! exquisite provisions :i* 7 to be f\nd 9 e syllable--?us lead+ u up to ! highe/ pit* ( expectation--w\ld he pres5t u ) su* an impot5t conclusion z t ! design]1 ?\gh a liv+ p]son & a true design]1 0 yet immat]ial & intangible1 a some?+1 9 fact1 :i* proves to be a no?+2 an omnisci5t & omnipot5t vacuum4 ,our obs]v] w\ld feel he ne$ n h be5 at su* pa9s to e/abli% 8 design if ?is 0 to be ! up%ot ( 8 reason+4 ,he w\ld !re=e admit ! design1 & by consequ5ce ! design]1 b w\ld probably ask a little "t = reflection be=e he v5tur$ to say :o1 or :at1 or :]e ! design] 04 ,!n ga9+ "s insight into ! mann] 9 :i* ! de$ _h be5 drawn1 he w\ld conclude t ! draftsman 0 a speciali/ :o _h _h long practice 9 ?is p>ticul> k9d ( "w1 b :o n[ work$ almo/ z x might be said automatically & )\t consci\sness1 & f\nd x difficult to dep>t f a habitual me?od ( proc$ure4 ,we turn1 !n1 on ,paley1 & say to him3 ,we h admitt$ y\r design & y\r design]4 ,:]e is he8 ,%[ him to u4 ,if y _c %[ him to u z fle% & blood1 %[ him z fle% & sap2 %[ him z a liv+ cell2 %[ him z protoplasm4 ,l[] ?an ?is we %\ld n fairly g2 x is n 9 ! bond or nexus ( our ideas t some?+ utt]ly inanimate & inorganic %\ld s*eme1 design1 contrive1 & elaborate /ructures :i* c make mi/akes3 x may elaborate l[ un]r+ ?+s1 l cry/als1 b x _c elaborate ^? :i* h ! p[] to err4 ,nev]!less1 we w commit su* abuse ) our und]/&+s z to waive ?is po9t1 & we w ask y to %[ him to u z air :i*1 if x _c be se5 yet c be felt1 weigh$1 h&l$1 transf]r$ f place to place1 be judg$ by its effects1 & s =?2 or if ?is may n be1 give u half a gra9 ( hydrog51 diffus$ ?r\gh all space & inve/$ ) "s ( ! m9or attributes ( matt]2 or if y _c d ?is1 give u an impond]able l electricity1 or ev5 ! high] ma!matics1 b give u some?+ or ?r[ (f ! mask & tell u fairly out t x is y\r paid pr(ession to hoodw9k u on ?is matt] if y c1 & t y are b do+ y\r be/ to e>n an hone/ liv+4 ,we may fancy ,paley z turn+ ! tables ^u u & z say+2 ,b y too h admitt$ a design]--y too !n mu/ mean a design] ) a body & s\l1 :o mu/ be some:]e to be f\nd 9 space1 & :o mu/ live 9 "t4 ,:]e is ?is y\r design]8 ,c y %[ him m ?an ,i c8 ,c y lay y\r f+] on him & demon/rate him s t a *ild %all see him & "k him1 & f9d :at 0 h]et(ore an isolat$ idea conc]n+ him1 comb9e itself in/antane\sly ) ! idea ( ! design]1 we w say1 ( ! human foot1 s t no p[] on e>? %all h5ce=? te> ^? two ideas asund]8 ,surely if y _c d ?is1 y too are trifl+ ) words1 & abus+ y\r own m9d & t ( y\r read]4 ,:]e1 !n1 is y\r design] ( man8 ,:o made him8 ,& :]e1 aga91 is y\r design] ( bea/s & birds1 ( fi%es & ( plants8 ,our answ] is simple en\gh2 x is t we c & d po9t to a liv+ tangible p]son ) fle%1 blood1 eyes1 nose1 e>s1 organs1 s5ses1 dim5sions1 :o did ( 8 own cunn+ aft] inf9ite pro( ( e k9d ( haz>d & exp]im5t s*eme out & fa%ion ea* organ ( ! human body4 ,?is is ! p]son :om we claim z ! design] & artific] ( t body1 & he is ! "o ( all o!rs ! be/ fitt$ = ! task by 8 antec$5ts1 & 8 practical k ( ! requirem5ts ( ! case--= he is man himself4 ,n man1 ! individual ( any giv5 g5]ation1 b man 9 ! entirety ( 8 exi/5ce f ! dawn ( life onw>ds to ! pres5t mom5t4 ,9 l mann] we say t ! design] ( all organisms is s incorporate ) ! organisms !mselves--s lives1 moves1 & has its be+ 9 ^? organisms1 & is s "o ) !m--!y 9 x1 & x 9 !m--t x is m consi/5t ) reason & ! common use ( words to see ! design] ( ea* liv+ =m 9 ! liv+ =m itself1 ?an to look = its design] 9 "s o!r place or p]son4 ,?us we h a ?ird alt]native pres5t$ to u4 ,mr4 ,*>les ,d>w9 & 8 foll[]s d5y design1 z hav+ any appreciable %>e 9 ! =mation ( organism at all4 ,paley & ! !ologians insi/ on design1 b ^u a design] outside ! univ]se & ! organism4 ,! ?ird op9ion is t sugge/$ 9 ! fir/ in/ance & c>ri$ out to a v high degree ( developm5t by ,buffon4 ,x 0 improv$1 & inde$1 made almo/ p]fect by ,dr4 ,erasmus ,d>w91 b too mu* neglect$ by him aft] he _h put x =w>d4 ,x 0 borr[$1 z ,i ?9k we may say ) "s confid5ce1 f ,dr4 ,d>w9 by ,lam>ck1 & 0 foll[$ up by him ard5tly !nce=?1 dur+ ! rema9d] ( 8 life1 ?\gh some:at less p]fectly compreh5d$ by him ?an x _h be5 by ,dr4 ,d>w94 ,x is t ! design :i* has design$ organisms1 has resid$ )91 & be5 embodi$ 91 ! organisms !mselves4 ,,failure ,,( ,,! ,,fir/ ,,evolutioni/s ,,to ,,see ,,_! ,,position ,,z ,,teleological4 7,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,( ,,evolution1 ,,old ,,& ,,new47 ,x foll[s f ! doctr9e ( ,dr4 ,erasmus ,d>w9 & ,lam>ck1 if n f t ( ,buffon himself1 t ! majority ( organs are z purposive to ! evolutioni/ z to ! !ologian1 & f> m intelligibly s4 ,circum/ances1 h[ev]1 prev5t$ ^! writ]s f ackn[l$g+ ?is fact to ! _w1 & p]haps ev5 to !mselves4 ,_! crux 01 z x /ill is to s _m evolutioni/s1 ! pres5ce ( rudim5t>y organs1 & ! processes ( embryological developm5t4 ,!y w\ld n admit t rudim5t>y & !re=e useless organs 7 design$ by a ,creator to take _! place once & = ev] z "p ( a s*eme ^: ma9 idea 01 t e animal /ructure 0 to s]ve "s useful end 9 connection ) its possessor4 ,?is 0 ! doctr9e ( f9al causes z !n commonly held2 9 ! face ( rudim5t>y organs x 0 absurd4 ,buffon 0 above all ?+s else a pla9 matt] ( fact ?9k]1 :o refus$ to g f> beyond ! obvi\s4 ,l all o!r pr(\nd writ]s1 he 01 if ,i may say s1 pr(\ndly sup]ficial4 ,he felt t ! aim ( rese>* does n consi/ 9 ! kn[+ ?is or t1 b 9 ! eas+ ( ! desire to "k or und]/& m completely--9 ! peace ( m9d :i* passe? all und]/&+4 ,8 0 ! p]fection ( a heal?y m5tal organism by :i* ov] ef=t is felt to be z vici\s & contemptible z indol5ce4 ,he knew ?is too well to "k ! gr\nds ( 8 k1 b we small] p :o "k x less completely1 c see t su* felicit\s in/9ctive temp]+ toge!r ( ! two great contradictory pr9ciples1 love ( ef=t & love ( ease1 has und]la9 e heal?y /ep ( all heal?y gr[?1 :e!r ( vegetable or animal1 f ! e>lie/ conceivable "t to ! pres5t mom5t4 ,no?+ is wor? look+ at :i* is se5 ei!r too obvi\sly or ) too mu* difficulty4 ,no?+ is wor? do+ or well done :i* is n done fairly easily1 & "s little defici5cy ( ef=t is m p>donable ?an any v p]ceptible excess1 = virtue has ev] err$ on ! side ( self-indulg5ce r ?an ( asceticism4 ,accord+ to ,buffon1 !n--z also accord+ to ,dr4 ,d>w91 :o 0 j su* ano!r practical & g5ial ?9k]1 & :o 0 di/9ctly a pupil ( ,buffon1 ?\gh a mo/ intellig5t & orig9al "o--if an organ aft] a reasonable am\nt ( inspection appe>$ to be useless1 x 0 to be call$ useless )\t m ado1 & !ories 7 to be ord]$ out ( c\rt if !y 7 tr\blesome4 ,9 l mann]1 if animals bre$ freely int] se be=e our eyes1 z = example ! horse & ass1 ! fact 0 to be not$1 b no animals 7 to be class$ z capable ( int]bre$+ until !y _h ass]t$ _! "r to su* classification by bre$+ ) tol]able c]ta9ty4 ,if1 aga91 an animal look$ z if x felt1 t is to say1 if x mov$ ab\t pretty quickly or made a noise1 x mu/ be held to feel2 if x did nei!r ( ^! ?+s x did n look z if x felt1 & !re=e x mu/ be said n to feel4 ,de non app>5tibus et non exi/5tibus eadem e/ lex 0 "o ( ! *ief axioms ( _! philosophy2 no writ]s h _h a great] horror ( my/]y or ( ideas t h n become s ma/]$ z to be1 or to h be51 sup]ficial4 ,lam>ck 0 "o ( ^? m5 ( :om ,i believe x has be5 said t !y h bra9 ^u ! bra94 ,he _h 8 !ory t an animal c\ld n feel unless x _h a n]v\s sy/em1 & at lea/ a sp9al m>r[--& t x c\ld n ?9k at all )\t a bra9--all 8 facts1 !re=e1 h to be made to squ>e ) ?is4 ,) ,buffon & ,dr4 ,d>w9 we feel safe t h[ev] wrong !y may sometimes be1 _! conclusions h always be5 arriv$ at on t fairly sup]ficial view ( ?+s 9 :i*1 z ,i h else:]e said1 our nature alone p]mits u to be com=t$4 ,to ^! writ]s1 !n1 ! doctr9e ( f9al causes = rudim5t>y organs 0 a piece ( my/ification & an absurdity2 no less fatal to any su* doctr9e 7 ! processes ( embryological developm5t4 ,x 0 pla9 t ! commonly receiv$ teleology mu/ be giv5 up2 b ! idea ( design or purpose 0 s associat$ 9 _! m9ds ) !ological design t !y avoid$ x altoge!r4 ,!y seem to h =gott5 t an int]nal purpose is z mu* purpose z an ext]nal "o2 h5ce1 un=tunately1 ?\gh _! :ole !ory ( developm5t is int5sely purposive1 x is ! fact r ?an ! "n ( teleology :i* has hi!rto be5 insi/$ ^u1 ev5 by ! greate/ writ]s on evolution--! "n hav+ be5 mo/ p]si/5tly d5i$ ev5 by ^? :o 7 mo/ insi/+ on ! ?+ itself4 ,x is easy to und]/& ! difficulty felt by ! fa!rs ( evolution :5 we rememb] h[ mu* _h to be se5 be=e ! facts c\ld lie well be=e !m4 ,x 0 necess>y to atta91 fir/ly1 to a p]ception ( ! unity ( p]son betwe5 p>5ts & (fspr+ 9 successive g5]ations2 secondly1 x mu/ be se5 t an organism's memory 7)9 ! limitations to :i* all memory is subject7 goes back = g5]ations beyond its bir?1 to ! fir/ beg9n+s 9 fact1 ( :i* we "k any?+ :atev]2 ?irdly1 ! lat5cy ( t memory1 z ( memory g5]ally1 till ! associat$ ideas are reproduc$1 mu/ be br\ght to be> ^u ! facts ( h]$ity2 & la/ly1 ! unconsci\sness ) :i* habitual actions come to be p]=m$1 mu/ be assign$ z ! explanation ( ! unconsci\sness ) :i* we gr[ & dis*>ge mo/ ( our natural functions4 ,buffon 0 too busy ) ! fact t animals desc5d$ ) modification at all1 to g beyond ! developm5t & illu/ration ( ?is great tru?4 ,i d\bt :e!r he ev] saw m ?an ! fir/1 & t dimly1 ( ! f\r consid]ations above /at$4 ,dr4 ,d>w9 0 ! fir/ to po9t out ! fir/ two consid]ations2 he did s ) "s cle>ness1 b c h>dly be said to h und]/ood _! full importance3 ! two latt] ideas d n appe> to h occurr$ to him4 ,lam>ck _h little if any p]ception ( any "o ( ! f\r4 ,:51 h[ev]1 !y are firmly seiz$ & br\ght into _! due be>+s "o ^u ano!r1 ! facts ( h]$ity become z simple z ^? ( a man mak+ a tobacco pipe1 & rudim5t>y organs are se5 to be ess5tially ( ! same "* z ! little rudim5t>y protub]ance at ! bottom ( ! pipe to :i* ,i ref]r$ 9 ',ere:on4' #ada ,^! organs are n[ no long] useful1 b !y once 7 s1 & 7 !re=e once purposive1 ?\gh n s n[4 ,!y are ! expressions ( a bygone usefulness2 say+s1 z x 71 ab\t :i* !re 0 at "o "t inf9ite wrangl+1 z to :at bo? ! mean+ & ! expression %\ld be/ be1 s t !y !n _h liv+ significance 9 ! m\?s ( ^? :o us$ !m1 ?\gh !y h become su* m]e %ibbole?s & cant =mulae to ourselves t we ?9k no m ( _! mean+ ?an we d ( ,julius ,caes> 9 ! mon? ( ,july4 ,!y cont9ue to be reproduc$ ?r\gh ! =ce ( habit1 & ?r\gh indisposition to get out ( any famili> groove ( action until x becomes too unpleasant = u to rema9 9 x any long]4 ,x has long be5 felt t embryology & rudim5t>y /ructures indicat$ community ( desc5t4 ,dr4 ,d>w9 & ,lam>ck insi/$ on ?is1 z h all subsequ5t writ]s on evolution2 b ! explanation :y & h[ ! /ructures come to be repeat$--namely1 t !y are simply examples ( ! =ce ( habit--c only be p]ceiv$ intellig5tly by ^? :o admit su* unity betwe5 p>5ts & (fspr+ z t ! self-developm5t ( ! latt] c be prop]ly call$ habitual 7z be+ a repetition ( an act by "o & ! same individual71 & c only be fully sympa?is$ ) by ^? :o recognise t if habit be admitt$ z ! key to ! fact at all1 ! unconsci\s mann] 9 :i* ! habit comes to be repeat$ is only ( a piece ) all our o!r obs]vations conc]n+ habit4 ,= ! full] developm5t ( ! =ego+1 ,i mu/ ref] ! read] to my "w ,life & ,habit4 ,! purposiv5ess1 :i* ev5 ,dr4 ,d>w9 7& ,lam>ck /ill less7 seems nev] to h q recognis$ 9 spite ( _! hav+ insi/$ s mu* on :at am\nts to ! same ?+1 n[ comes into full view4 ,x is se5 t ! organs ext]nal to ! body1 & ^? int]nal to x1 are ! second z mu* z ! fir/1 ?+s :i* we h made = our own conv5i5ce1 & ) a prevision t we %all h ne$ ( !m2 ! ma9 diff]5ce betwe5 ! manufacture ( ^! two classes ( organs be+1 t we h made ! "o k9d s (t5 t we c no long] foll[ ! processes :]eby we make !m1 :ile ! o!rs are new ?+s :i* we mu/ make introspectively or n at all1 & :i* are n yet s incorporate ) our vitality z t we %\ld ?9k !y gr[ in/ead ( be+ manufactur$4 ,! manufacture ( ! tool1 & ! manufacture ( ! liv+ organ prove !re=e to be b two species ( ! same g5us1 :i*1 ?\gh widely diff]5tiat$1 h desc5d$ z x 7 f "o common filam5t ( desire & inv5tive faculty4 ,! great] or less complexity ( ! organs goes = v little4 ,x is only a "q ( ! am\nt ( intellig5ce & volunt>y self-adaptation :i* we mu/ admit1 & ?is mu/ be settl$ r by an appeal to :at we f9d 9 organism1 & obs]ve conc]n+ x1 ?an by :at we may h imag9$ a priori4 ,giv5 a small speck ( jelly ) "s p[] ( slightly v>y+ its actions 9 accordance ) slightly v>y+ circum/ances & desires--giv5 su* a jelly-speck ) a p[] ( assimilat+ o!r matt]1 & ?us ( reproduc+ itself1 giv5 also t x %\ld be possess$ ( a memory & a reproductive sy/em1 & we c %[ h[ ! :ole animal _w c h desc5d$ x may be f an amoeba )\t int]f]5ce f )\t1 & h[ e organ 9 e creature is design$ at fir/ r\ghly & t5tatively b f9ally fa%ion$ ) ! mo/ consummate p]fection1 by ! creature :i* has _h ne$ ( t organ1 :i* be/ knew :at x want$1 & 0 nev] satisfi$ till x _h got t :i* 0 ! be/ suit$ to its v>y+ circum/ances 9 _! entirety4 ,we c ev5 %[ h[1 if x becomes wor? ! ,e?iopian's :ile to try & *ange 8 sk91 or ! leop>d's to *ange 8 spots1 !y c assur$ly *ange !m )9 a n unreasonable "t & adapt _! cov]+ to _! own w & conv5i5ce1 & to t ( none o!r2 ?us :at is commonly conceiv$ ( z direct creation by ,god is mov$ back to a "t & space inconceivable 9 _! remot5ess1 :ile ! aim & design s obvi\s 9 nature are %[n to be /ill at "w ar\nd u1 gr[+ ev] busi] & busi]1 & advanc+ f day to day bo? 9 k & p[]4 ,x 0 res]v$ = ,mr4 ,*>les ,d>w9 & = ^? :o h too ra%ly foll[$ him to d5y purpose z hav+ _h any %>e 9 ! developm5t ( animal & vegetable organs2 to see no evid5ce ( design 9 ^? wond]ful provisions :i* h be5 ! m>vel & delight ( obs]v]s 9 all ages4 ,! "o :o has drawn our att5tion m ?an p]haps any o!r liv+ writ] to ^? v m>vels ( co-adaptation1 is ! =emo/ to ma9ta9 t !y are ! result n ( desire & design1 ei!r )9 ! creature or )\t x1 b ( bl9d *ance1 work+ no :i!r1 & due b to ! accumulation ( innum]able lucky accid5ts4 ,!re are m51 writes ,pr(essor ,tyndal 9 ! ,n9ete5? ,c5tury = la/ ,novemb]1 #add & by no means ! m9ority1 :o1 h[ev] weal?y 9 reg>d to facts1 c nev] rise into ! region ( pr9ciples2 & !y are sometimes intol]ant ( ^? t c4 ,!y are =m$ to plod m]itori\sly on 9 ! l[] levels ( ?\ght2 unpossess$ ( ! p9ions necess>y to rea* ! heights1 !y _c realise ! m5tal act--! act ( inspiration x might well be call$--by :i* a man ( g5ius1 aft] long pond]+ & prov+1 rea*es a !oretic conception :i* unravels & illum9ates ! tangle ( c5turies ( obs]vation & exp]im5t4 ,!re are m9ds1 x may be said 9 pass+1 :o1 at ! pres5t mom5t1 /& 9 ?is relation to ,mr4 ,d>w94 ,! m rhapsodical p>ts ( ! above mu/ g = :at !y are wor?1 b ,i %\ld be sorry to ?9k t :at rema9s convey$ a c5sure :i* might fall ju/ly on myself4 ,z ,i read ! e>li] "p ( ! passage ,i confess t ,i imag9$ ! conclusion 0 go+ to be v diff]5t f :at x prov$ to be4 ,fre% f ! /udy ( ! old] m5 & also ( ,mr4 ,d>w9 himself1 ,i fail$ to see t ,mr4 ,d>w9 _h unravell$ & illum9at$ a tangl$ ske91 b believ$ him1 on ! contr>y1 to h tangl$ & obscur$ :at 8 pr$ecessors _h made 9 great "p1 if n :olly1 pla94 ,) ! old] writ]s1 ,i _h felt z ?\gh 9 ! h&s ( m5 :o wi%$ to und]/& !mselves & to make _! read] und]/& !m ) ! smalle/ possible ex]tion4 ,! old] m51 if n 9 full daylight1 at any rate saw 9 :at qu>t] ( ! sky ! dawn 0 break+1 & 7 look+ /eadily t[>ds x4 ,x is n !y :o h put _! h&s ov] _! own eyes & ours1 & :o are cry+ out t !re is no light1 b *ance & bl9dness ev]y:]e4 ,,! ,,teleological ,,evolution ,,( ,,organism4 7,,*apt] ,v4 ,,( ,,evolution1 ,,old ,,& ,,new47 ,i h /at$ ! =ego+ 9 :at ,i take to be an extreme logical developm5t1 9 ord] t ! read] may m easily p]ceive ! consequ5ces ( ^? premises :i* ,i am endeav\r+ to re-e/abli%4 ,b x mu/ n be suppos$ t an animal or plant has ev] conceiv$ ! idea ( "s organ widely diff]5t f any x 0 yet possess$ (1 & has set itself to design x 9 detail & gr[ t[>ds x4 ,! small jelly-speck1 :i* we call ! amoeba1 has no organs save :at x c extemporise z occasion arises4 ,if x wants to get at any?+1 x ?ru/s out "p ( its jelly1 :i* ?us s]ves x z an arm or h&3 :5 ! arm has s]v$ its purpose1 x is absorb$ into ! re/ ( ! jelly1 & has n[ to d ! duty ( a /oma* by help+ to wrap up :at x has j purvey$4 ,! small r\nd jelly-speck spreads itself out & envelops its food1 s t ! :ole creature is n[ a /oma*1 & no?+ b a /oma*4 ,hav+ dige/$ its food1 x aga9 becomes a jelly-speck1 & is aga9 ready to turn "p ( itself into h& or foot z its next conv5i5ce may dictate4 ,x is n to be believ$ t su* a creature z ?is1 :i* is probably j s5sitive to light & no?+ m1 %\ld be able to =m any conception ( an eye & set itself to "w to gr[ "o1 any m ?an x is believable t he :o fir/ obs]v$ ! magnify+ p[] ( a dew-drop1 or ev5 he :o fir/ con/ruct$ a rude l5s1 %\ld h _h any idea 9 8 m9d ( ,"l ,rosse's telescope ) all its p>ts & appliances4 ,no?+ c\ld be well conceiv$ m =eign to exp]i5ce & common s5se4 ,animals & plants h travell$ to _! pres5t =ms z a man has travell$ to any "o ( 8 own mo/ complicat$ inv5tions4 ,sl[ly1 /ep by /ep1 ?r\gh _m blund]s & mis*ances :i* h work$ toge!r = good to ^? t h p]sev]$ 9 ela/icity4 ,!y h travell$ z man has travell$1 ) b little p]ception ( a want till !re 0 also "s p]ception ( a p[]1 & ) b little p]ception ( a p[] till !re 0 a dim s5se ( want2 want /imulat+ p[]1 & p[] /imulat+ want2 & bo? s bas$ ^u ea* o!r t no "o c say :i* is ! true f\ndation1 b r t !y mu/ be bo? baseless &1 z x 71 meteoric 9 mid air4 ,!y h se5 v little ahead ( a pres5t p[] or ne$1 & h be5 !n mo/ moral1 :5 mo/ incl9$ to pi]ce a little into futurity1 b also :5 mo/ ob/9ately decl9+ to pi]ce too f>1 & busy ma9ly ) ! pres5t4 ,!y h be5 s f> bl9dfold$ t !y c\ld see b = a few /eps 9 front ( !m1 yet s f> free to see t ^? /eps 7 tak5 ) aim & def9itely1 & n 9 ! d>k4 ,plus il a su1 says ,buffon1 speak+ ( man1 plus il a pu1 mais aussi mo9s il a fait1 mo9s il a su4 ,?is holds good :]ev] life holds good4 ,:]ev] !re is life !re is a moral gov]nm5t ( rew>ds & puni%m5ts und]/ood by ! amoeba nei!r bett] nor worse ?an by man4 ,! hi/ory ( organic developm5t is ! hi/ory ( a moral /ruggle4 ,z = ! orig9 ( a creature able to feel want & p[] & z to :at want & p[] spr+ f1 we "k no?+ z yet1 nor does x seem wor? :ile to g into ?is "q until an und]/&+ has be5 come to z to :e!r ! int]action ( want & p[] 9 "s l[ =m or =ms ( life :i* c\ld assimilate matt]1 reproduce !mselves1 v>y _! actions1 & be capable ( rememb]+1 w or w n suffice to expla9 ! developm5t ( ! v>i$ organs & desires :i* we see 9 ! high] v]tebrates & man4 ,:5 ?is "q has be5 settl$1 !n x w be "t to pu% our inquiries f>!r back4 ,b giv5 su* a l[ =m ( life z "h po/ulat$1 & !re is no =ce 9 ,paley's pret5d$ objection to ! ,d>w9ism ( 8 "t4 ,give our philosoph]1 he says1 appet5cies2 give him a portion ( liv+ irritable matt] 7a n]ve or ! clipp+ ( a n]ve7 to "w ^u2 give also to 8 incipi5t or progressive =ms ! p[] ( propagat+ _! l 9 e /age ( _! alt]ation2 & if he is to be believ$1 he c\ld repl5i% ! _w ) all ! vegetable & animal productions :i* we n[ see 9 x4 #adh ,aft] meet+ ?is !ory ) answ]s :i* ne$ n deta9 u1 he cont9ues3-- ,! s5ses ( animals appe> to me q incapable ( receiv+ ! explanation ( _! orig9 :i* ?is !ory af=ds4 ,includ+ "u ! ^w 's5se' ! organ & ! p]ception1 we h no acc\nt ( ei!r4 ,h[ w our philosoph] get at vision or make an eye8 ,or1 suppose ! eye =m$1 w\ld ! p]ception foll[8 ,! same ( ! o!r s5ses4 ,& ?is objection holds its =ce1 ascribe :at y w to ! h& ( "t1 to ! p[] ( habit1 to *anges too sl[ to be obs]v$ by man1 or br\ght )9 any comp>ison :i* he is able to make ( pa/ ?+s ) ! pres5t4 ,conc$e :at y please to ^! arbitr>y & unatte/$ sup]/itions1 h[ w !y help y8 ,"h is no inception4 ,no laws1 no c\rse1 no p[]s ( nature :i* prevail at pres5t1 nor any analog\s to ^! w\ld give comm5cem5t to a new s5se2 & x is 9 va9 to inquire h[ t might proce$ :i* w\ld nev] beg94 ,9 answ] to ?is1 let u suppose t "s inhabitants ( ano!r _w 7 to see a mod]n philosoph] s us+ a microscope t !y %\ld believe x to be a "p ( ! philosoph]'s own p]son1 :i* he c\ld cut (f f & jo9 aga9 to himself at pleasure1 & suppose !re 7 a controv]sy z to h[ ?is microscope _h orig9at$1 & t "o p>ty ma9ta9$ ! man _h made x little by little because he want$ x1 :ile ! o!r decl>$ ?is to be absurd & impossible2 ,i ask1 w\ld ?is latt] p>ty be ju/ifi$ 9 argu+ t microscopes c\ld nev] h be5 p]fect$ by degrees ?r\gh ! pres]vation ( & accumulation ( small successive improvem5ts inasmu* z m5 c\ld n h begun to want to use microscopes until !y _h _h a microscope :i* %\ld %[ !m t su* an in/rum5t w\ld be useful to !m1 & t h5ce !re is no?+ to acc\nt = ! beg9n+ ( microscopes1 :i* might inde$ make "s progress :5 once orig9at$1 b :i* c\ld nev] orig9ate8 ,x might be po9t$ out to su* a reason]1 fir/ly1 t z reg>ds any acquir$ p[] ! v>i\s /ages 9 ! acquisition ( :i* he might be suppos$ able to rememb]1 he w\ld f9d t logic not)/&+1 ! wi% did orig9ate ! p[]1 & yet 0 orig9at$ by x1 bo? com+ up gradually out ( some?+ :i* 0 n recognisable z ei!r p[] or wi%1 & advanc+ ?r\gh va9 beat+ ( ! air1 to a vague ef=t1 & f ?is to def9ite ef=t ) failure1 & f ?is to def9ite ef=t ) success1 & f ?is to success ) little consci\sness ( ef=t1 & f ?is to success ) su* complete abs5ce ( ef=t t he n[ acts unconsci\sly & )\t p[] ( introspection1 & t1 d :at he w1 he c r>ely or nev] draw a %>p divid+ l9e :]eat any?+ %all be said to beg91 ?\gh none less c]ta9 t !re has be5 a cont9uity 9 discont9uity1 & a discont9uity 9 cont9uity betwe5 x & c]ta9 o!r pa/ ?+s2 moreov]1 t 8 oppon5ts po/ulat$ s mu* beg9n+ ( ! microscope z t !re %\ld be a dew-drop1 ev5 z our evolutioni/s />t ) a s5se ( t\*1 ( :i* s5se all ! o!rs are modifications1 s t n "o ( !m1 b is resolvable into t\* by m or less easy /ages2 & secondly1 t ! "q is "o ( fact & ( ! m evid5t d$uctions !refrom1 & %\ld n be c>ri$ back to ^? remote beg9n+s :]e ! nature ( ! facts is s purely a matt] ( conjecture & inf]5ce4 ,no plant or animal1 !n1 accord+ to our view1 w\ld be able to conceive m ?an a v slight improvem5t on its organisation at a giv5 "t1 s cle>ly z to make ! ef=ts t[>ds x t w\ld result 9 gr[? ( ! requir$ modification2 nor w\ld ^! ef=ts be made ) any f>-sight$ p]ception ( :at next & next & aft]1 b only ( :at next2 :ile _m ( ! happie/ ?\ghts w\ld come l all o!r happy ?\ghts--?\ghtlessly2 by a *a9 ( reason+ too swift & subtle = consci\s analysis by ! individual4 ,"s ( ^! modifications w\ld be noticeable1 b ! majority w\ld involve no m noticeable diff]5ce t c be detect$ betwe5 ! l5g? ( ! %orte/ day1 & t ( ! %orte/ b "o4 ,?us a bird ^: toes 7 n webb$1 b :o _h "u =ce ( circum/ances little by little 9 ! c\rse ( _m g5]ations le>n$ to swim1 ei!r f hav+ liv$ ne> a lake1 & hav+ le>nt ! art ow+ to its fi%+ habits1 or f wad+ ab\t 9 %all[ pools by ! sea-side at l[ wat] & f9d+ itself sometimes a little out ( its dep? & j manag+ to scramble ov] ! int]m$iate y>d or s betwe5 x & safety--su* a bird did n probably conceive ! idea ( swimm+ on ! wat] & set itself to le>n to d s1 & !n conceive ! idea ( webb$ feet & set itself to get webb$ feet4 ,! bird f\nd itself 9 "s small difficulty1 out ( :i* x ei!r saw1 or at any rate f\nd t x c\ld extricate itself by /rik+ out vigor\sly ) its feet & ext5d+ its toes z f> z ev] x c\ld2 x ?us began to le>n ! art ( swimm+ & conceiv$ ! idea ( swimm+ syn*ron\sly1 or ne>ly s2 or p]haps wi%+ to get ov] a y>d or two ( deep wat]1 & try+ to d s )\t be+ at ! tr\ble ( ris+ to fly1 x w\ld spla% & /ruggle its way ov] ! wat]1 & ?us practically swim1 ?\gh )\t mu* p]ception ( :at x _h be5 do+4 ,f9d+ t no h>m _h come to x1 ! bird w\ld d ! same aga9 & aga92 x w\ld ?us pres5tly lose fe>1 & w\ld be able to act m calmly2 !n x w\ld beg9 to f9d out t x c\ld swim a little1 & if its food lay mu* 9 ! wat] s t x w\ld be ( great advantage to x to be able to alight & re/ )\t be+ =c$ to return to l&1 x w\ld beg9 to make a practice ( swimm+4 ,x w\ld n[ discov] t x c\ld swim ! m easily accord+ z its feet pres5t$ a m ext5d$ surface to ! wat]2 x w\ld !re=e keep its toes ext5d$ :]ev] x swam1 & z f> z 9 x lay1 w\ld make ! mo/ ( :atev] sk9 0 already at ! base ( its toes4 ,aft] _m g5]ations x w\ld become web-foot$1 if do+ z above describ$ %\ld h be5 f\nd cont9u\sly conv5i5t1 s t ! bird %\ld h cont9u\sly us$ ! sk9 ab\t its toes z mu* z possible 9 ?is direction4 ,= !re is a m>g9 9 e organic /ructure 7& p]haps m ?an we imag9e 9 ?+s inorganic also71 :i* w admit ( ref]5ces1 z x 71 side notes1 & glosses ^u ! orig9al text4 ,x is on ?is m>g9 t we may err or w&]--! greatness ( a mi/ake dep5d+ r ^u ! ext5t ( ! dep>ture f ! orig9al text1 ?an on ! direction t ! dep>ture takes4 ,a little error on ! bad side is m p>donable1 & less likely to hurt ! organism ?an a too great dep>ture ^u ! "r "o4 ,?is is a fundam5tal proposition 9 any true sy/em ( e?ics1 ! "q :at is too mu* or too sudd5 be+ decid$ by mu* ! same higgl+ z settles ! price ( butt] 9 a c\ntry m>ket1 & be+ z invisible z ! l9k :i* connects ! la/ mom5t ( desire ) ! fir/ ( p[] & p]=mance1 & ) ! mat]ial result a*iev$4 ,x is on ?is m>g9 t ! fulcrum is to be f\nd1 :]eby we obta9 ! little pur*ase ov] our /ructure1 t enables u to a*ieve great results if we use x /eadily1 ) judgm5t1 & ) nei!r too little ef=t nor too mu*4 ,x is by employ+ ?is t ^? :o h a fancy to move _! e>s or toes )\t mov+ o!r organs le>n to d s4 ,!re is a man at ! ,agricultural ,hall n[ #aec;a play+ ! viol9 ) 8 toes1 & play+ x1 z ,i am told1 suffici5tly well4 ,! eye ( ! sailor1 ! wri/ ( ! conjuror1 ! toe ( ! pr(essional m$ium1 are all f\nd capable ( developm5t to an a/oni%+ degree1 ev5 9 a s+le lifetime2 b 9 e case success has be5 atta9$ by ! simple process ( mak+ ! be/ ( :atev] p[] a man has _h at any giv5 "t1 & by be+ on ! look-out to take advantage ( accid5t1 & ev5 ( mis=tune4 ,if a man w\ld le>n to pa9t1 he mu/ n !orise conc]n+ art1 nor ?9k mu* :at he w\ld d be=eh&1 b he mu/ d some?+--:atev] "u ! circum/ances w come h&ie/ & easie/ to him2 & he mu/ d t some?+ z well z he c4 ,?is w pres5tly op5 ! door = some?+ else1 & a way w %[ itself :i* no conceivable am\nt ( se>*+ w\ld h discov]$1 b :i* yet c\ld nev] h be5 discov]$ by sitt+ /ill & tak+ no pa9s at all4 ,dans l'animal1 says ,buffon1 il y a mo9s de jugem5t que de s5tim5t4 #aec;b ,x may appe> z ?\gh ?is 7 bl[+ hot & cold ) ! same brea?1 inasmu* z ,i am insi/+ t important modifications ( /ructure h be5 always purposive2 & at ! same "t am d5y+ t ! creature modifi$ has _h any f>-see+ purpose 9 ! great] "p ( all ^? actions :i* h at l5g? modifi$ bo? /ructure & in/9ct4 ,?us ,i say t a bird le>ns to swim )\t hav+ any purpose ( le>n+ to swim be=e x set itself to make ^? movem5ts :i* h result$ 9 its be+ able to d s4 ,at ! same "t ,i ma9ta9 t x has only le>n$ to swim by try+ to swim1 & ?is involves ! v purpose :i* ,i h j d5i$4 ,! reconciliation ( ^! two app>5tly irreconcilable cont5tions mu/ be f\nd 9 ! consid]ation t ! bird 0 n ! less try+ to swim1 m]ely because x did n "k ! "n we h *os5 to give to ! art :i* x 0 try+ to ma/]1 nor yet h[ great 7 ! res\rces ( t art4 ,a p]son1 :o knew all ab\t swimm+1 if f "s bank he c\ld wat* our suppos$ bird's fir/ attempt to scramble ov] a %ort space ( deep wat]1 w\ld at once decl>e t ! bird 0 try+ to swim--if n actually swimm+4 ,provid$ !n t !re is a v little p]ception (1 & presci5ce conc]n+1 ! means :]eby ! next desir$ end may be atta9$1 x matt]s n h[ little 9 advance t end may be ( pres5t desire or faculties2 x is /ill rea*$ ?r\gh purpose1 & mu/ be call$ purposive4 ,aga91 no matt] h[ _m ( ^! small /eps be tak51 nor h[ absolute 0 ! want ( purpose or presci5ce conc]n+ any b ! "o be+ actually tak5 at any giv5 mom5t1 ?is does n b> ! result f hav+ be5 arriv$ at ?r\gh design & purpose4 ,if ea* "o ( ! small /eps is purposive ! result is purposive1 ?\gh !re 0 nev] purpose ext5d$ ov] m ?an "o1 two1 or p]haps at mo/ ?ree /eps at a "t4 ,return+ to ! art ( pa9t+ = an example1 are we to say t ! pr(ici5cy :i* su* a /ud5t z 0 suppos$ above w c]ta9ly atta91 is n due to design1 m]ely because x 0 n until he _h already become ?ree p>ts excell5t t he knew ! full purport ( all t he _h be5 do+8 ,:5 he began he _h b vague notions ( :at he w\ld d4 ,he _h a wi% to le>n to repres5t nature1 b ! l9e into :i* he has settl$ d[n has probably prov$ v diff]5t f t :i* he propos$ to himself orig9ally4 ,because he has tak5 advantage ( 8 accid5ts1 is x1 !re=e1 "o :it ! less true t 8 success is ! result ( 8 desires & 8 design8 ,! ,times po9t$ out "s "t ago t ! !ory :i* n[ associates meteors & comets 9 ! mo/ unmi/akable mann]1 0 sugge/$ by "o accid5t1 & confirm$ by ano!r4 ,b ! writ] add$ well t su* accid5ts happ5 only to ! zeal\s /ud5t ( nature's secrets4 ,9 ! same way ! bird t is tak+ to ! habit ( swimm+1 & ( mak+ ! mo/ ( :atev] sk9 x already has betwe5 its toes1 w h d\btless to ?ank accid5ts = no small "p ( its progress2 b !y w be su* accid5ts z c\ld nev] h happ5$ to or be5 tak5 advantage ( by any creature :i* 0 n zeal\sly try+ to make ! mo/ ( itself--& betwe5 su* accid5ts z ?is1 & design1 ! l9e is h>d to draw2 = if we g deep en\gh we %all f9d t mo/ ( our design resolves itself into z x 7 a %ak+ ( ! bag to see :at w come out t w suit our purpose1 & yet at ! same "t t mo/ ( our %ak+ ( ! bag resolves itself into a design t ! bag %all conta9 only su* & su* ?+s1 or !reab\ts4 ,aga91 ! fact t animals are no long] consci\s ( design & purpose 9 mu* t !y d1 b act unreflect+ly1 & z we sometimes say conc]n+ ourselves automatically or me*anically--t !y h no idea :atev] ( ! /eps1 :]eby !y h travell$ to _! pres5t /ate1 & %[ no sign ( d\bt ab\t :at mu/ h be5 at "o "t ! subject ( all mann] ( d\bts1 difficulties1 & discussions--t :atev] sign ( reflection !y n[ exhibit is to be f\nd only 9 case ( "s novel feature or difficulty pres5t+ itself2 ^! facts d n b> t ! results a*iev$ %\ld be attribut$ to an inception 9 reason1 design & purpose1 no matt] h[ rapidly & z we call x in/9ctively1 ! creatures may n[ act4 ,= if we look closely at su* an inv5tion z ! /eam eng9e 9 its late/ & mo/ complicat$ developm5ts1 ab\t :i* !re c be no dispute b t !y are a*ievem5ts ( reason1 purpose & design1 we %all f9d !m pres5t u ) examples ( all ^? features ! pres5ce ( :i* 9 ! h&iwork ( animals is too (t5 held to b> reason & purpose f hav+ _h any %>e !re94 ,assur$ly su* m5 z ! ,m>quis ( ,worce/] & ,capta9 ,sav]y _h v imp]fect ideas z to ! up%ot ( _! own action4 ,! simple/ /eam eng9e n[ 9 use 9 ,engl& is probably a m>vel ( +5uity z comp>$ ) ! highe/ developm5t :i* appe>$ possible to ^! two great m51 :ile our newe/ & mo/ highly complicat$ eng9es w\ld seem to !m m l liv+ be+s ?an ma*9es4 ,_m1 aga91 ( ! /eps lead+ to ! pres5t developm5t h be5 due to action :i* _h b little he$ ( ! /eam eng9e1 be+ ! inv5tions ( att5dants ^: desire 0 to save !mselves ! tr\ble ( turn+ ?is or t cock1 & :o 7 indiff]5t to any o!r end ?an _! own imm$iate conv5i5ce4 ,no /ep 9 fact along ! :ole r\te 0 ev] tak5 ) mu* p]ception ( :at w\ld be ! next /ep aft] ! "o be+ tak5 at any giv5 mom5t4 ,nor d we f9d t an eng9e made aft] any old & well-kn[n patt]n is n[ made ) mu* m consci\sness ( design ?an we c suppose a bird's ne/ to be built )4 ,! great] numb] ( ! p>ts ( any su* eng9e1 are made by ! gross z x 7 l screw & nuts1 :i* are turn$ out by ma*9]y & 9 respect ( :i* ! lab\r ( design is n[ no m felt ?an is ! design ( him :o fir/ inv5t$ ! :eel4 ,x is only :5 circum/ances require any modification 9 ! article to be manufactur$ t ?\ght & design w come into play aga92 b ,i take x few w d5y t if circum/ances compel a bird ei!r to give up a ne/ ?ree-p>ts built altoge!r1 or to make "s trifl+ deviation f its ord9>y practice1 x w 9 n9e cases out ( t5 make su* deviation z %all %[ t x _h ?\ght ! matt] ov]1 & _h on ! :ole conclud$ to take su* & su* a c\rse1 t is to say1 t x _h reason$ & _h act$ ) su* purpose z its reason _h dictat$4 ,& ,i imag9e t ?is is ! utmo/ t any "o c claim ev5 = man's own boa/$ p[]s4 ,set ! man :o has be5 accu/om$ to make eng9es ( "o type1 to make eng9es ( ano!r type )\t any int]m$iate c\rse ( tra9+ or in/ruction1 & he w make no bett] figure ) 8 eng9es ?an a ?ru% w\ld d if comm&$ by h] mate to make a ne/ l a blackbird4 ,x is va9 !n to cont5d t ! ease & c]ta9ty ) :i* an action is p]=m$1 ev5 ?\gh x may h n[ become matt] ( su* fix$ habit t x _c be sudd5ly & s]i\sly modifi$ )\t r5d]+ ! :ole p]=mance abortive1 is any argum5t aga9/ t action hav+ be5 an a*ievem5t ( design & reason 9 respect ( ea* "o ( ! /eps t h l$ to x2 & if 9 respect ( ea* "o ( ! /eps !n z reg>ds ! entire action2 = we see our own mo/ reason$ actions become no less easy1 un]r+1 automatic1 & unconsci\s1 ?an ! actions :i* we call in/9ctive :5 !y h be5 repeat$ a suffici5t numb] ( times4 99 99 99 99 99 ,if ! =ego+ be grant$1 & x be admitt$ t ! unconsci\sness & seem+ automatism ) :i* any action may be p]=m$ is no b> to its hav+ a f\ndation 9 memory1 reason1 & at "o "t consci\sly recognis$ ef=t--& ?is ,i believe to be ! *ief addition :i* ,i h v5tur$ to make to ! !ory ( ,buffon & ,dr4 ,erasmus ,d>w9--!n ! wid5ess ( ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! ,d>w9ism ( eighty ye>s ago & ! ,d>w9ism ( to-day becomes imm$iately app>5t1 & x also becomes app>5t1 h[ important & int]e/+ is ! issue :i* is rais$ betwe5 !m4 ,accord+ to ! old] ,d>w9ism ! lungs are j z purposive z ! corkscrew4 ,!y1 no less ?an ! corkscrew1 are a piece ( me*anism design$ & gradually improv$ ^u & p]fect$ by an intellig5t creature = ! gratification ( its own ne$s4 ,true !re are _m important diff]5ces betwe5 me*anism :i* is "p ( ! body1 & me*anism :i* is no su* "p1 b ! diff]5ces are su* z d n affect ! fact t 9 ea* case ! result1 :e!r1 = example1 lungs or corkscrew1 is due to desire1 inv5tion1 & design4 ,& n[ ,i w ask "o m "q1 :i* may seem1 p]haps1 to h b little importance1 b :i* ,i f9d p]sonally int]e/+4 ,i h be5 told by a review]1 ( :om ^u ! :ole ,i h little reason to compla91 t ! !ory ,i put =w>d 9 ,life & ,habit1 & :i* ,i am n[ aga9 insi/+ on1 is pessimism--pure & simple4 ,i h a v vague idea :at pessimism means1 b ,i %\ld be sorry to believe t ,i am a pessimi/4 ,:i*1 ,i w\ld ask1 is ! pessimi/8 ,he :o sees love ( beauty1 design1 /eadfa/ness ( purpose1 intellig5ce1 c\rage1 & e quality to :i* success has assign$ ! "n ( wor? z hav+ drawn ! patt]n ( e leaf & organ n[ & 9 all pa/ "t1 or he :o sees no?+ 9 ! _w ( nature b a *apt] ( accid5ts & ( =ces int]act+ bl9dly8 ,,buffon--,,memoir4 7,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,( ,,evolution1 ,,old ,,& ,,new47 ,buffon1 says ,m4 ,fl\r5s1 0 born at ,montb>1 on ! #g? ( ,septemb] #agjg2 he di$ 9 ,p>is1 at ! ,j>d9 du ,roi1 on ! #af? ( ,april #aghh1 ag$ #ha ye>s4 ,m ?an fifty ( ^! ye>s1 z he us$ himself to say1 he _h pass$ at 8 writ+-desk4 ,8 fa!r 0 a c\ncillor ( ! p>liam5t ( ,burgundy4 ,8 "m 0 celebrat$ = h] wit1 & ,buffon *]i%$ h] memory4 ,he /udi$ at ,dijon ) mu* eclat1 & %ortly aft] leav+ became accid5tally acqua9t$ ) ! ,duke ( ,k+/on1 a "y ,engli%man ( 8 own age1 :o 0 travell+ abroad ) a tutor4 ,! ?ree travell$ toge!r 9 ,france & ,italy1 & ,buffon !n pass$ "s mon?s 9 ,engl&4 ,return+ to ,france1 he translat$ ,hales's ,vegetable ,/atics & ,newton's ,treatise on ,fluxions4 ,he ref]s to sev]al ,engli% writ]s on natural hi/ory 9 ! c\rse ( 8 "w1 b ,i see he repeat$ spells ! ,engli% "n ,will\ghby1 ,willulghby4 ,he 0 appo9t$ sup]9t5d5t ( ! ,j>d9 du ,roi 9 #agci1 & f !nce=? devot$ himself to sci5ce4 ,9 #ageb ,buffon m>ri$ ,mdlle de ,sa9t ,bel91 ^: beauty & *>m ( mann] 7 extoll$ by all h] contempor>ies4 ,"o son 0 born to him1 :o ent]$ ! army1 became a colonel1 & ,i grieve to say1 0 guillot9$ at ! age ( tw5ty-n9e1 a few days only be=e ! ext9ction ( ! ,reign ( ,t]ror4 ,( ?is y\?1 :o inh]it$ ! p]sonal comel9ess & ability ( 8 fa!r1 little is record$ except ! foll[+ /ory4 ,hav+ fall5 into ! wat] & be5 ne>ly dr[n$ :5 he 0 ab\t twelve ye>s old1 he 0 aft]w>ds accus$ ( hav+ be5 afraid3 ,i 0 s little afraid1 he answ]$1 t ?\gh ,i _h be5 (f]$ ! hundr$ ye>s :i* my gr&fa!r liv$1 ,i w\ld h di$ !n & !re1 if ,i c\ld h add$ "o ye> to ! life ( my fa!r2 !n ?9k+ = a m9ute1 a flu% suffus$ 8 face & he add$1 b ,i %\ld petition = "o qu>t] ( an h\r 9 :i* to exult ov] ! ?\ght ( :at ,i 0 ab\t to d4 ,on ! scaffold he %[$ mu* composure1 smil+ half pr\dly1 half reproa*fully1 yet :olly k9dly ^u ! cr[d 9 front ( him4 ,citoy5s1 he said1 ,je me nom9e ,buffon1 & laid 8 head ^u ! block4 ,! noble/ outcome ( ! old & decay+ ord]1 ov]:elm$ 9 ! mo/ hateful bir? fr5zy ( ! new4 ,s 9 ^? cataclysms & revolutions :i* take place 9 our own bodies dur+ _! developm5t1 :5 we seem /udy+ 9 ord] to become fi%es & sudd5ly make1 z x 71 diff]5t arrangem5ts & resolve on becom+ m5--s1 d\btless1 _m good cells mu/ g1 & _! unit$ dea? cry comes up1 x may be1 9 ! pa9 :i* an infant feels on tee?+4 ,b to return4 ,! man :o c\ld be fa!r ( su* a son1 & :o c\ld reta9 t son's affection1 z x is well kn[n t ,buffon reta9$ x1 may n p]haps always be /rictly accurate1 b x w be z well to pay att5tion to :atev] he may ?9k fit to tell u4 ,^! are ! only p :om x is wor? :ile to look to & /udy f4 ,glory1 said ,buffon1 aft] speak+ ( ! h\rs dur+ :i* he _h lab\r$1 glory comes always aft] lab\r if %e c--& %e g5]ally c4 ,b 9 8 case %e c\ld n well help h]self4 ,he 0 conspicu\s1 says ,m4 ,fl\r5s1 = elevation & =ce ( "*1 = a love ( greatness & true magnific5ce 9 all he did4 ,8 great weal?1 8 h&some p]son1 & graceful mann]s seem$ 9 correspond5ce ) ! spl5d\r ( 8 g5ius1 s t ( all ! gifts :i* ,=tune has 9 x h] p[] to be/[ %e _h d5i$ him no?+4 ,_m ( 8 epigrammatic say+s h pass$ into prov]bs3 = example1 t g5ius is b a supreme capacity = tak+ pa9s4 ,ano!r & /ill m celebrat$ passage %all be giv5 9 its entirety & ) its orig9al sett+4 ,/yle1 says ,buffon1 is ! only passport to po/]ity4 ,x is n range ( in=mation1 nor ma/]y ( "s little kn[n bran* ( sci5ce1 nor yet novelty ( matt] t w ensure immortality4 ,works t c claim all ?is w yet die if !y are conv]sant ab\t trivial objects only1 or writt5 )\t ta/e1 g5ius1 & true nobility ( m9d2 = range ( in=mation1 k ( details1 novelty ( discov]y are ( a volatile ess5ce & fly (f readily into o!r h&s t "k bett] h[ to treat !m4 ,! matt] is =eign to ! man1 & is n ( him2 ! mann] is ! man himself4 #afb ,le /yle1 c'e/ l'homme memo4 ,else:]e he tells u :at true /yle is1 b ,i quote f memory & _c be sure ( ! passage4 ,le /yle1 he says e/ comme le bonheur2 il vi5t de la d\ceur de l'ame4 ,is x possible n to ?9k ( ! foll[+8-- ,b :e!r !re be prophecies !y %all fail2 :e!r !re be tongues !y %all cease2 :e!r !re be k x %all vani% away 4 4 4 & n[ abide? fai?1 hope & *>ity1 ^! ?ree2 b ! greate/ ( ^! is *>ity4 #afc ,,buffon',s ,,me?od--,,! ,,ironical ,,"* ,,( ,,8 ,,"w4 7,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,( ,,evolution1 ,,old ,,& ,,new47 ,buffon's idea ( a me?od am\nts almo/ to ! d5ial ( ! possibility ( me?od at all4 ,! true me?od1 he writes1 is ! complete description & exact hi/ory ( ea* p>ticul> object1 #afd;a & lat] on he asks1 is x n m simple1 m natural & m true to call an ass an ass1 & a cat a cat1 ?an to say1 )\t kn[+ :y1 t an ass is a horse1 & a cat a lynx8 #afd;b ,he admits su* divisions z betwe5 animals & vegetables1 or betwe5 vegetables & m9]als1 b t done1 he rejects all o!rs t c be f\nd$ on ! nature ( ?+s !mselves4 ,he concludes t "o :o c\ld see liv+ =ms z a :ole & )\t preconceiv$ op9ions1 w\ld classify animals accord+ to ! relations 9 :i* he f\nd himself /&+ t[>ds !m3-- ,^? :i* he f9ds mo/ necess>y & useful to him w occupy ! fir/ rank2 ?us he w give ! prec$5ce among ! l[] animals to ! dog & ! horse2 he w next conc]n himself ) ^? :i* )\t be+ dome/icat$1 nev]!less occupy ! same c\ntry & climate z himself1 z = example /ags1 h>es1 & all wild animals2 nor w x be till aft] he has famili>is$ himself ) all ^! t curiosity w lead him to inquire :at inhabitants !re may be 9 =eign climates1 su* z elephants1 drom$>ies1 c4 ,! same w hold good = fi%es1 birds1 insects1 %ells1 & = all nature's o!r productions2 he w /udy !m 9 proportion to ! pr(it :i* he c draw f !m2 he w consid] !m 9 t ord] 9 :i* !y ent] into 8 daily life2 he w arrange !m 9 8 head accord+ to ?is ord]1 :i* is 9 fact t 9 :i* he has become acqua9t$ ) !m1 & 9 :i* x conc]ns him to ?9k ab\t !m1 ,?is ord]--! mo/ natural ( all--is ! "o :i* ,i h ?\ght x well to foll[ 9 ?is volume4 ,my classification has no m my/]y 9 x ?an ! read] has j se5 4 4 4 x is pref]able to ! mo/ pr(\nd & +5i\s t c be conceiv$1 = !re is none ( all ! classifications :i* ev] h be5 made or ev] c be1 :i* has n m ( an arbitr>y "* ?an ?is has4 ,take x = all 9 all1 he concludes1 x is m easy1 m agreeable1 & m useful1 to consid] ?+s 9 _! relation to ourselves ?an f any o!r /&po9t4 #afe ,has x n a bett] effect n only 9 a treatise on natural hi/ory1 b 9 a picture or any "w ( art to arrange objects 9 ! ord] & place 9 :i* !y are commonly f\nd1 ?an to =ce !m into association 9 virtue ( "s !ory ( our own8 ,is x n bett] to let ! dog :i* has toes1 come aft] ! horse :i* has a s+le ho(1 9 ! same way z we see him foll[ ! horse 9 daily life1 ?an to foll[ up ! horse by ! zebra1 an animal :i* is little kn[n to u1 & :i* has no o!r connection ) ! horse ?an ! fact t x has a s+le ho(8 #aff;a ,c we suppose t ,buffon really saw no m connection ?an ?is8 ,! writ] :om we %all pres5tly f9d #aff;b decl9+ to admit any ess5tial diff]5ce betwe5 ! skeletons ( man & ( ! horse1 c "h see no resemblance betwe5 ! zebra & ! horse1 except t !y ea* h a s+le ho(4 ,is he to be tak5 at 8 ^w8 ,x is p]haps necess>y to tell ! read] t ,buffon c>ri$ ! =ego+ s*eme into practice z ne>ly z he c\ld 9 ! fir/ fifte5 volumes ( 8 ,natural ,hi/ory4 ,he beg9s ) man--& !n goes on to ! horse1 ! ass1 ! c[1 %eep1 goat1 pig1 dog1 c4 ,"o w\ld be glad to "k :e!r he f\nd x always m easy to "k 9 :at ord] ( famili>ity ?is or t animal w\ld /& to ! majority ( 8 read]s ?an o!r classifi]s h f\nd x to "k :e!r an individual m resembles "o species or ano!r2 probably he nev] gave ! matt] a ?\ght aft] he _h gone ?r\gh ! fir/ doz5 mo/ famili> animals1 b settl$ g5]ally d[n into a classification :i* becomes m & m specific--z :5 he treats ( ! apes & monkeys--till he rea*es ! birds1 :5 he op5ly ab&ons 8 orig9al idea1 9 def]5ce1 z he says1 to ! op9ion ( le peuple des naturali/es4 ,p]haps ! key to ?is piece ( app>5t extravagance is to be f\nd 9 ! ^w my/]ieuse4 #aff;c ,buffon wi%$ to raise a /&+ prote/ aga9/ my/]y mong]+4 ,or p]haps m probably1 he wi%$ at once to turn to animals "u dome/ication1 s z to insi/ e>ly on ! ma9 object ( 8 "w--! pla/icity ( animal =ms4 ,i am incl9$ to ?9k t a ve9 ( irony p]vades ! :ole or mu* ! great] "p ( ,buffon's "w1 & t he int5d$ to convey "o mean+ to "o set ( read]s1 & ano!r to ano!r2 inde$1 x is (t5 impossible to believe t he is n writ+ betwe5 8 l9es = ! disc]n+1 :at ! undisc]n+ 7 n int5d$ to see4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t 8 ,natural ,hi/ory has two sides1--a sci5tific & a popul> "o4 ,may we n imag9e t ,buffon w\ld be unwill+ to deb> himself f speak+ to ^? :o c\ld und]/& him1 & yet w\ld wi% l ,h&el & ,%akespe>e to address ! _m1 z well z ! few8 ,b ! only mann] 9 :i* ^! seem+ly irreconcilable ends c\ld be atta9$1 w\ld be by ! use ( language :i* %\ld be self-adju/+ to ! capacity ( ! read]4 ,s ke5 an obs]v] c h>dly h be5 bl9d to ! signs ( ! times :i* 7 already close at h&4 ,free- ?9k] ?\gh he 01 he 0 also a p[]ful memb] ( ! ari/ocracy1 & little likely to demean himself--= s he w\ld d\btless hold x--by play+ ! "p ( ,voltaire or ,r\sseau4 ,he w\ld help ^? :o c\ld see to see /ill fur!r1 b he w\ld n dazzle eyes t 7 yet imp]fect ) a light bright] ?an !y c\ld /&4 ,he w\ld !re=e impose ^u p1 z mu* z he ?\ght 0 = _! good2 b1 on ! o!r h&1 he w\ld n all[ inf]ior m5 to my/ify !m4 ,9 ! private "* ( ,buffon1 says ,sir ,william ,j>d9e 9 a *>act]i/ic passage1 we regret !re is n mu* to praise2 8 disposition 0 k9d & b5evol5t1 & he 0 g5]ally belov$ by 8 inf]iors1 foll[]s1 & dep5dants1 :i* 7 num]\s ov] 8 ext5sive prop]ty2 he 0 /rictly hon\rable1 & 0 an affectionate p>5t4 ,9 e>ly y\? he _h ent]$ into ! pleasures & dissipations ( life1 & lic5ti\s habits seem to h be5 reta9$ to ! end4 ,b ! great blemi% 9 su* a m9d 0 8 decl>$ infidelity2 x pres5ts "o ( ^? exceptions among ! p]sons :o h be5 devot$ to ! /udy ( nature2 & x is n easy to imag9e a m9d app>5tly ) su* p[]s1 sc>cely ackn[l$g+ a ,creator1 & :5 notic$1 only by an arraignm5t = :at appe>$ want+ or defective 9 ,8 great works4 ,s op5ly1 inde$1 0 ! fre$om ( 8 religi\s op9ions express$1 t ! indignation ( ! ,sorbonne 0 provok$4 ,he _h to ent] into an explanation :i* he 9 "s way r5d]$ satisfactory2 & :ile he aft]w>ds att5d$ to ! outw>d ord9ances ( religion1 he consid]$ !m z a sy/em ( fai? = ! multitude1 & reg>d$ ^? mo/ impolitic :o mo/ oppos$ !m4 #afh ,?is is p>tly correct & p>tly n4 ,buffon 0 a free-?9k]1 & z ,i h suffici5tly expla9$1 a decid$ oppon5t ( ! doctr9e t rudim5t>y & !re=e useless organs 7 design$ by a ,creator 9 ord] to s]ve "s useful end ?r\gh\t all "t to ! creature 9 :i* !y are f\nd4 ,he 0 n1 surely1 to hide ! magnific5t conceptions :i* he _h be5 ! fir/ to grasp1 f ^? :o 7 wor?y to receive !m2 on ! o!r h& he w\ld n tell ! un9/ruct$ :at !y w\ld int]pret z a lic5ce to d :atev] !y pleas$1 inasmu* z !re 0 no ,god4 ,:at he did 0 to po9t s irresi/ibly 9 ! "r direction1 t a read] ( any intellig5ce %\ld be 9 no d\bt z to ! road he ought to take1 & !n to contradict himself s flatly z to reassure ^? :o w\ld be %ock$ by a tru? = :i* !y 7 n yet ready4 ,if ,i am "r 9 ! view :i* ,i h tak5 ( ,buffon's "w1 x is n easy to see h[ he c\ld h =m$ a f9] s*eme1 nor h c>ri$ x out m f9ely4 ,i %\ld1 h[ev]1 w>n ! read] to be on 8 gu>d aga9/ accept+ my view too ha/ily4 ,s f> z ,i "k ,i /& alone 9 tak+ x4 ,nei!r ,dr4 ,d>w91 nor ,fl\r5s1 nor ,isidore ,ge(froy1 nor ,mr4 ,*>les ,d>w9 see any subrisive hum\r 9 ,buffon's pages2 b x mu/ be rememb]$ t ,fl\r5s 0 a /rong oppon5t ( mutability1 & probably paid b little he$ to :at ,buffon said on ?is "q2 ,isidore ,ge(froy is n a safe guide1 few m5 inde$ less s4 ,mr4 ,*>les ,d>w9 seems to h adopt$ ! "o half ( ,isidore ,ge(frey's conclusions )\t v]ify+ ei!r2 & ,dr4 ,erasmus ,d>w91 :o has no small %>e ( a v pleasant consci\s hum\r1 yet sometimes rises to su* heights ( unconsci\s hum\r1 t ,buffon's puny lab\r may well h be5 invisible to him4 ,dr4 ,d>w9 wrote a great deal ( poetry1 "s ( :i* 0 ab\t ! common pump4 ,miss ,sew>d tells u1 t he illu/rat$ ?is famili> object ) a picture ( ,mat]nal ,beauty adm9i/]+ su/5ance to h] infant4 ,buffon c\ld n h done any?+ l ?is4 ,buffon nev]1 !n1 arraign$ ! ,creator = :at 0 want+ or defective 9 ,8 works2 on ! contr>y1 :5ev] he 0 l$ up by an irresi/ible *a9 ( reason+ to conclusions :i* %\ld make m5 reca/ _! ideas conc]n+ ! ,deity1 he inv>iably retreats "u cov] ( an appeal to revelation4 ,naturally en\gh1 ! ,sorbonne object$ to an artifice :i* ev5 ,buffon c\ld n conceal completely4 ,!y did n l be+ und]m9$2 l ,buffon himself1 !y pref]r$ impos+ ^u ! p1 to see+ o!rs d s4 ,buffon made 8 peace ) ! ,sorbonne imm$iately1 &1 p]haps1 f t "t =w>d1 contradict$ himself a little m impud5tly ?an h]et(ore4 ,x is probably = ! reasons above sugge/$ t ,buffon did n prop\nd a connect$ s*eme ( evolution or desc5t ) modification1 b scatt]$ 8 !ory 9 fragm5ts up & d[n 8 "w 9 ! prefatory rem>ks ) :i* he introduces ! m /rik+ animals or classes ( animals4 ,he nev] wa/es evolution>y matt] 9 ! preface to an un9t]e/+ animal2 & ! m int]e/+ ! animal1 ! m evolution w !re be commonly f\nd4 ,:5 he comes to describe ! animal m famili>ly--& he g5]ally beg9s a fre% *apt] or half *apt] :5 he does s--he writes no m ab\t evolution1 b gives an admirable description1 :i* no "o c fail to enjoy1 & :i* ,i _c ?9k is ne>ly s inaccurate z is commonly suppos$4 ,^! descriptions are ! p>ts :i* ,buffon int5d$ = ! g5]al read]1 expect+1 d\btless1 & desir+ t su* a read] %\ld skip ! dry p>ts he _h be5 address+ to ! m /udi\s4 ,x is true ! descriptions are writt5 ad capt&um1 z are all great works1 b !y succe$ 9 captivat+1 hav+ be5 compos$ ) all ! pa9s a man ( g5ius & ( great p]sev]ance c\ld be/[ ^u !m4 ,if ,i am n mi/ak51 he look$ to ^! p>ts ( 8 "w to keep ! :ole alive till ! "t %\ld come :5 ! philosophical side ( 8 writ+s %\ld be und]/ood & appreciat$4 ,?us ! goat bre$s ) ! %eep1 & may !re=e s]ve z ! text = a diss]tation on hybridism1 :i* is accord+ly giv5 9 ! preface to ?is animal4 ,! pres5ce ( rudim5t>y organs "u a pig's ho( sugge/s an attack ^u ! doctr9e ( f9al causes 9 s f> z x is pret5d$ t e "p ( e animal or plant 0 specially design$ ) a view to ! wants ( ! animal or plant itself1 once & =ev] ?r\gh\t all "t4 ,! dog ) 8 great v>iety ( bre$s gives an opportunity = an article on ! =mation ( bre$s & sub- bre$s by man's artificial selection4 ,! cat is n hon\r$ ) any philosophical reflection1 & comes 9 = no?+ b abuse4 ,! h>e sugge/s ! rabbit1 & ! rabbit is a rapid bre$]1 al?\gh ! h>e is an unusually sl[ "o2 b ?is is ne> en\gh1 s ! h>e %all s]ve u = ! !me ( a disc\rse on ! geometrical ratio ( increase & ! balance ( p[] :i* may be obs]v$ 9 nature4 ,:5 we come to ! c>nivora1 additional reflections foll[ ^u ! necessity = dea?1 & ev5 = viol5t dea?2 ?is leads to ! "q :e!r ! creatures t are kill$ suff] pa92 "h1 !n1 w be ! prop] place = consid]+ ! s5sations ( animals g5]ally4 ,p]haps ! mo/ pregnant passage conc]n+ evolution is to be f\nd 9 ! preface to ! ass1 :i* is s ne> ! beg9n+ ( ! "w z to be only ! second animal ( :i* ,buffon treats aft] hav+ describ$ man himself4 ,x po9ts /rongly 9 ! direction ( 8 hav+ believ$ all animal =ms to h be5 desc5d$ f "o s+le common ance/ral type4 ,buffon did n probably *oose to take 8 v fir/ opportunity 9 ord] to insi/ ^u matt] t %\ld po9t 9 ?is direction2 b ! consid]ations 7 too important to be def]r$ long1 & are accord+ly put =w>d "u cov] ( ! ass1 8 second animal4 ,:5 we consid] ! =ce ) :i* ,buffon's conclusion is l$ up to2 ! obvi\sness ( ! conclusion itself :5 ! premises are once admitt$2 ! impossibility t su* a conclusion %\ld be aga9 lo/ sight ( if ! reasonabl5ess ( its be+ drawn _h be5 once admitt$2 ! position 9 8 s*eme :i* is assign$ to x by its prop\nd]2 ! p]si/5cy ) :i* he demon/rates dur+ =ty ye>s !reaft] t ! premises1 :i* he has decl>$ %\ld e/abli% ! conclusion 9 "q1 are indisputable2--:5 we consid]1 too1 t we are deal+ ) a man ( unque/ionable g5ius1 & t ! times & circum/ances ( 8 life 7 su* z w\ld g f> to expla9 res]ve & irony--is x1 ,i w\ld ask1 reasonable to suppose t ,buffon did n 9 8 own m9d1 & f ! fir/1 draw ! inf]5ce to :i* he leads 8 read]1 m]ely because f "t to "t he tells ! read]1 ) a %rug ( ! %\ld]s1 t he draws no inf]5ces oppos$ to ! ,book ( ,g5esis8 ,is x n m likely t ,buffon int5d$ 8 read] to draw 8 inf]5ces = himself1 & p]haps to value !m all ! m highly on t acc\nt8 ,! passage to :i* ,i am allud+ is z foll[s3-- ,if f ! b\ndless v>iety :i* animat$ nature pres5ts to u1 we *oose ! body ( "s animal or ev5 t ( man himself to s]ve z a model ) :i* to comp>e ! bodies ( o!r organis$ be+s1 we %all f9d t ?\gh all ^! be+s h an individuality ( _! own1 & are di/+ui%$ f "o ano!r by diff]5ces ( :i* ! gradations are inf9itely subtle1 !re exi/s at ! same "t a primitive & g5]al design :i* we c foll[ = a long way1 & ! dep>tures f :i* 7deg5]ations7 are f> m g5tle ?an ^? f m]e outw>d resemblance4 ,= n to m5tion organs ( dige/ion1 circulation1 & g5]ation1 :i* are common to all animals1 & )\t :i* ! animal w\ld cease to be an animal1 & c\ld nei!r cont9ue to exi/ nor reproduce itself--!re is none ! less ev5 9 ^? v p>ts :i* con/itute ! ma9 diff]5ce 9 outw>d appe>ance1 a /rik+ resemblance :i* c>ries ) x irresi/ibly ! idea ( a s+le patt]n aft] :i* all w\ld appe> to h be5 conceiv$4 ,! horse1 = example--:at c at fir/ sight seem m unlike mank9d8 ,yet :5 we comp>e man & horse po9t by po9t & detail by detail1 is n our wond] excit$ r by ! po9ts ( resemblance ?an ( diff]5ce t are to be f\nd betwe5 !m8 ,take ! skeleton ( a man2 b5d =w>d ! bones 9 ! region ( ! pelvis1 %ort5 ! ?igh bones1 & ^? ( ! leg & arm1 l5g!n ^? ( ! feet & h&s1 run ! jo9ts toge!r1 l5g!n ! jaws1 & %ort5 ! frontal bone1 f9ally1 l5g!n ! sp9e1 & ! skeleton w n[ be t ( a man no long]1 b w h become t ( a horse--= x is easy to imag9e t 9 l5g!n+ ! sp9e & ! jaws we %all at ! same "t h increas$ ! numb] ( ! v]tebrae1 ribs1 & tee?4 ,x is b 9 ! numb] ( ^! bones1 :i* may be consid]$ accessory1 & by ! l5g!n+1 %ort5+1 or mode ( atta*m5t ( o!rs1 t ! skeleton ( ! horse diff]s f t ( ! human body4 4 4 4 ,we f9d ribs 9 man1 9 all ! quadrup$s1 9 birds1 9 fi%es1 & we may f9d traces ( !m z f> d[n z ! turtle1 9 :i* !y seem /ill to be sket*$ out by means ( furr[s t are to be f\nd b5ea? ! %ell4 ,let x be rememb]$ t ! foot ( ! horse1 :i* seems s diff]5t f a man's h&1 is1 nev]!less1 z ,m4 ,daub5ton has po9t$ out1 compos$ ( ! same bones1 & t we h at ! end ( ea* ( our f+]s a nail correspond+ to ! ho( ( a horse's foot4 ,judge1 !n1 :e!r ?is hidd5 resemblance is n m m>vell\s ?an any outw>d diff]5ces--:e!r ?is con/ancy to a s+le plan ( /ructure :i* we may foll[ f man to ! quadrup$s1 f ! quadrup$s to ! cetacea1 f ! cetacea to birds1 f birds to reptiles1 f reptiles to fi%es--9 :i* all su* ess5tial p>ts z he>t1 inte/9es1 sp9e are inv>iably f\nd--:e!r1 ,i say1 ?is does n seem to indicate t ! ,creator :5 ,he made !m w\ld use b a s+le ma9 idea1 ?\gh at ! same "t v>y+ x 9 e conceivable way1 s t man might admire equally ! magnific5ce ( ! execution & ! simplicity ( ! design4 #agd ,if we reg>d ! matt] ?us1 n only ! ass & ! horse1 b ev5 man himself1 ! apes1 ! quadrup$s1 & all animals might be reg>d$ b z =m+ memb]s ( "o & ! same family4 ,b are we to conclude t )9 ?is va/ family :i* ! ,creator has call$ into exi/5ce out ( no?+1 !re are o!r & small] families1 project$ z x 7 by ,nature1 & br\ght =? by h] 9 ! natural c\rse ( ev5ts & aft] a long "t1 ( :i* "s conta9 b two memb]s1 z ! ass & ! horse1 o!rs _m memb]s1 z ! weasel1 m>t91 /oat1 f]ret1 c41 & t on ! same pr9ciple !re are families ( vegetables1 conta9+ t51 tw5ty1 or ?irty plants1 z ! case may be8 ,if su* families _h any real exi/5ce !y c\ld h be5 =m$ only by cross+1 by ! accumulation ( successive v>iations 7v>iation successive71 & by deg5]ation f an orig9al type2 b if we once admit t !re are families ( plants & animals1 s t ! ass may be ( ! family ( ! horse1 & t ! "o may only diff] f ! o!r ?r\gh deg5]ation f a common ance/or1 we might be driv5 to admit t ! ape is ( ! family ( man1 t he is b a deg5]ate man1 & t he & man h _h a common ance/or1 ev5 z ! ass & horse h _h4 ,x w\ld foll[ !n t e family1 :e!r animal or vegetable1 _h sprung f a s+le /ock1 :i* aft] a succession ( g5]ations _h become high] 9 ! case ( "s ( its desc5dants & l[] 9 t ( o!rs4 ,:at inf]5ce c\ld be m aptly drawn8 ,b x 0 n "o :i* ,buffon 0 go+ to put be=e ! g5]al public4 ,he _h said en\gh = ! disc]n+1 & cont9ues ) :at is int5d$ to make ! conclusions !y %\ld draw ev5 pla9] to !m1 :ile x conceals !m /ill m c>efully f ! g5]al read]4 ,! naturali/s :o are s ready to e/abli% families among animals & vegetables1 d n seem to h suffici5tly consid]$ ! consequ5ces :i* %\ld foll[ f _! premises1 = ^! w\ld limit direct creation to z small a numb] ( =ms z any "o might ?9k fit 7r$uisoi5t le produit imm$iat de la creation1 aun nombre d'individus aussi petit que l'on v\droit74 ,= if x 7 once %[n t we _h "r gr\nds = e/abli%+ ^! families2 if ! po9t 7 once ga9$ t among animals & vegetables !re _h be51 ,i d n say sev]al species1 b ev5 a s+le "o1 :i* _h be5 produc$ 9 ! c\rse ( direct desc5t f ano!r species2 if = example x c\ld be once %[n t ! ass 0 b a deg5]ation f ! horse--!n !re is no fur!r limit to be set to ! p[] ( nature1 & we %\ld n be wrong 9 suppos+ t ) suffici5t "t %e c\ld h evolv$ all o!r organis$ =ms f "o primordial type 7et l'on n'auroit pas tort de suppos]1 que d'un seul etre elle a su tir] avec le temps t\s les autres etres organises74 ,buffon n[ felt t he _h sail$ z ne> ! w9d z 0 desirable4 ,8 next s5t5ce is z foll[s3-- ,b no6 ,x is c]ta9 f revelation t all animals h alike be5 fav\r$ ) ! grace ( an act ( direct creation1 & t ! fir/ pair ( e species issu$ full =m$ f ! h&s ( ! ,creator4 #agf ,?is might be tak5 z bona fide1 if x _h be5 writt5 by ,bonnet1 b x is impossible to accept x f ,buffon4 ,x is only ^? :o judge him at second h&1 or by isolat$ passages1 :o c hold t he fail$ to see ! consequ5ces ( 8 own premises4 ,no "o c\ld h se5 m cle>ly1 nor h said m lucidly1 :at %\ld suffice to %[ a sympa!tic read] ! conclusion he ought to come to4 ,ev5 :5 ironical1 8 irony is n ! ill-natur$ irony ( "o :o is m]ely amus+ himself at o!r p's exp5se1 b ! s]i\s & legitimate irony ( "o :o mu/ ei!r limit ! circle ( ^? to :om he appeals1 or mu/ "k h[ to make ! same language appeal diff]5tly to ! diff]5t capacities ( 8 read]s1 & :o tru/s to ! good s5se ( ! disc]n+ to und]/& ! difficulty ( 8 position & make due all[ance = x4 ,! compromise :i* he ?\ght fit to put be=e ! public 0 t ,ea* species has a type ( :i* ! pr9cipal features are engrav$ 9 indelible & et]nally p]man5t *>act]s1 :ile all accessory t\*es v>y4 #agg;a ,x w\ld be satisfactory to "k :]e an accessory t\* is suppos$ to beg9 & end4 ,& aga93-- ,! ess5tial *>act]i/ics ( e animal h be5 cons]v$ )\t alt]ation 9 _! mo/ important p>ts4 4 4 4 ,! individuals ( ea* g5us /ill repres5t ! same =ms z !y did 9 ! e>lie/ ages1 especially 9 ! case ( ! l>g] animals 7s t ! g5]ic =ms ev5 ( ! l>g] animals prove n to be ! same1 b only especially ! same z 9 ! e>lie/ ages74 #agg;b ,?is transp>5tly illogical position is ma9ta9$ o/5sibly f fir/ to la/1 mu* 9 ! same _s z 9 ! two =ego+ passages1 writt5 at int]vals ( ?irte5 ye>s4 ,b !y are to be read by ! light ( ! e>li] "o--plac$ z a lant]n to ! w>y ^u ! ?re%old ( 8 "w 9 #agec--to ! effect t a s+le1 well-sub/antiat$ case ( deg5]ation w\ld make x conceivable t all liv+ be+s 7 desc5d$ f b "o common ance/or4 ,if aft] hav+ l$ up to ?is by a remorseless logic1 a man is f\nd five-&- tw5ty ye>s lat] /ill sub/antiat+ cases ( deg5]ation1 z he has be5 sub/antiat+ !m unceas+ly 9 ?irty qu>tos dur+ ! :ole int]val1 !re %\ld be little "q h[ s]i\sly we are to take him :5 he wi%es u to /op %ort ( ! conclusions he has told u we ought to draw f ! premises t he has made x ! bus9ess ( 8 life to e/abli%--especially :5 we "k t he has a ,sorbonne to keep a %>p eye ^u him4 ,i believe t if ! read] w be> 9 m9d ! tw(old1 s]i\s & ironical1 "* ( ,buffon's "w he w und]/& x1 & feel an admiration = x :i* w gr[ cont9ually great] & great] ! m he /udies x1 o!rwise he w miss ! :ole po9t4 ,buffon on "o ( ! e>ly pages ( 8 fir/ volume prote/$ aga9/ ! introduction ( ei!r plaisant]ie or equivoque 7p4 #be7 into a s]i\s "w4 ,b ,i h obs]v$ t !re is an unconsci\s irony 9 mo/ disclaim]s ( ?is nature4 ,:5 a writ] beg9s by say+ t he has an in]adicable t5d5cy to make ?+s cle>1 we may inf] t we are go+ to be puzzl$2 s :5 he %[s t he is haunt$ by a s5se ( ! impropriety ( all[+ hum\r to intrude into 8 "w1 we may hope to be amus$ z well z int]e/$4 ,z %[+ h[ f> ! objection to hum\r :i* he express$ ^u 8 tw5ty-fif? page succe$$ 9 c>ry+ him safely ov] 8 tw5ty-six? & tw5ty-sev5?1 ,i w quote ! foll[+1 :i* beg9s on page tw5ty- six3-- ,aldrov&us is ! mo/ le>n$ & labori\s ( all naturali/s2 aft] sixty ye>s ( "w he has left an imm5se numb] ( volumes beh9d him1 :i* h be5 pr9t$ at v>i\s times1 ! great] numb] ( !m aft] 8 dea?4 ,x w\ld be possible to r$uce !m to a t5? "p if we c\ld rid !m ( all useless & =eign matt]1 & ( a prolixity :i* ,i f9d almo/ ov]:elm+2 7 ?is only done1 8 books %\ld be reg>d$ z among ! be/ we h on ! subject ( natural hi/ory 9 its entirety4 ,! plan ( 8 "w is good1 8 classification di/+ui%$ = its good s5se1 8 divid+ l9es well m>k$1 8 descriptions suffici5tly accurate--monoton\s x is true1 b pa9/ak+2 ! hi/orical "p ( 8 "w is less good2 x is (t5 confus$ & fabul\s1 & ! au?or %[s too manife/ly ! cr$ul\s t5d5cies ( 8 m9d4 ,:ile go+ ov] 8 "w1 ,i h be5 /ruck ) t defect1 or r excess1 :i* we f9d 9 almo/ all ! books ( a hundr$ or a c\ple ( hundr$ ye>s ago1 & :i* prevails /ill among ! ,g]mans--,i mean ) t quantity ( useless erudition ) :i* !y int5tionally swell out _! works1 & ! result ( :i* is t _! subject is ov]laid ) a mass ( extrane\s matt] on :i* !y enl>ge ) great complac5cy1 b ) no consid]ation :atev] = _! read]s4 ,!y seem1 9 fact1 to h =gott5 :at !y h to say 9 _! endeav\r to tell u :at has be5 said by o!r p4 ,i picture to myself a man l ,aldrov&us1 aft] he has once conceiv$ ! design ( writ+ a complete natural hi/ory4 ,i see him 9 8 libr>y read+1 "o aft] ! o!r1 anci5ts1 mod]ns1 philosoph]s1 !ologians1 jurisconsults1 hi/orians1 travell]s1 poets1 & read+ ) no o!r end ?an ) t ( cat*+ at all words & phrases :i* c be =c$ f f> or ne> into "s k9d ( relation ) 8 subject4 ,i see him copy+ all ^! passages1 or gett+ !m copi$ = him1 & arrang+ !m 9 alphabetical ord]4 ,he fills _m portfolios ) all mann] ( notes1 (t5 tak5 )\t ei!r discrim9ation or rese>*1 & at la/ sets himself to write ) a resolve t n "o ( all ^! notes %all rema9 unus$4 ,! result is t :5 he comes to 8 acc\nt ( ! c[ or ( ! h51 he w tell u all t has ev] yet be5 said ab\t c[s or h5s2 all t ! anci5ts ev] ?\ght ab\t !m2 all t has ev] be5 imag9$ conc]n+ _! virtues1 *>act]s1 & c\rage2 e purpose to :i* !y h ev] yet be5 put2 e /ory ( e old woman t he c lay hold (2 all ! miracles :i* c]ta9 religions h ascrib$ to !m2 all ! sup]/itions !y h giv5 rise to2 all ! metaphors & allegories :i* poets h drawn f !m2 ! attributes t h be5 assign$ to !m2 ! repres5tations t h be5 made ( !m 9 hi]oglyphics & armorial be>+s1 9 a ^w all ! hi/ories & all fables 9 :i* !re 0 ev] yet any m5tion ei!r ( a c[ or h54 ,h[ mu* natural hi/ory is likely to be f\nd 9 su* a lumb]-room8 & h[ is "o to lay "o's h& ^u ! little t !re may actually be8 #ahj ,x is hop$ t ! read] w see ,buffon1 mu* z ,buffon saw ! le>n$ ,aldrov&us4 ,he %\ld see him go+ into 8 libr>y1 c41 & quietly *uckl+ to himself z he wrote su* a passage z ! "o 9 :i* we lately f\nd him say+ t ! l>g] animals _h especially ! same g5]ic =ms z !y _h always _h4 ,& ! read] %\ld probably see ,daub5ton *uckl+ also4 ,,extracts ,,f ,,unconsci\s ,,memory4 ,,recapitulation ,,& ,,/atem5t ,,( ,,an ,,objection4 7,,*apt] ,x4 ,,( ,,unconsci\s ,,memory47 #aha;a ,! true !ory ( unconsci\s action is t ( ,pr(essor ,h]+1 f ^: lecture #aha;b x is no /ra9$ conclusion to ga!r t he holds ! action ( all liv+ be+s1 f ! mom5t ( conception to t ( fulle/ developm5t1 to be f\nd$ 9 volition & design1 ?\gh ^! h be5 s long lo/ sight ( t ! "w is n[ c>ri$ on1 z x 71 dep>tm5tally & 9 due c\rse accord+ to an (ficial r\t9e :i* c h>dly be dep>t$ f4 ,?is involves ! old] ,d>w9ism & ! !ory ( ,lam>ck1 accord+ to :i* ! modification ( liv+ =ms has be5 effect$ ma9ly ?r\gh ! ne$s ( ! liv+ =ms !mselves1 :i* v>y ) v>y+ conditions--! survival ( ! fitte/ 7:i*1 z ,i see ,mr4 ,h4 ,b4 ,baildon has j said1 sometimes comes to mean m]ely ! survival ( ! survivors #aha;c7 be+ tak5 z a matt] ( c\rse4 ,accord+ to ?is view ( evolution1 !re is a rem>kable analogy betwe5 ! developm5t ( liv+ organs1 or tools1 & t ( ^? organs or tools ext]nal to ! body :i* has be5 s rapid dur+ ! la/ few ?\s& ye>s4 ,animals & plants1 accord+ to ,pr(essor ,h]+1 are guid$ ?r\gh\t _! developm5t1 & pres]ve ! due ord] 9 ea* /ep !y take1 ?r\gh memory ( ! c\rse !y took on pa/ occasions :5 9 ! p]sons ( _! ance/ors4 ,i am afraid ,i h already too (t5 said t if ?is memory rema9s = long p]iods toge!r lat5t & )\t effect1 x is because ! vibrations ( ! molecul> sub/ance ( ! body :i* are its suppos$ explanation are dur+ ^! p]iods too feeble to g5]ate action1 until !y are augm5t$ 9 =ce ?r\gh an accession ( simil> vibrations issu+ f ext]ior objects2 or1 9 o!r words1 until recollection is /imulat$ by a return ( ! associat$ ideas4 ,on ?is ! int]nal agitation becomes s mu* enhanc$1 t equilibrium is visibly di/urb$1 & ! action ensues :i* is prop] to ! vibrations ( ! p>ticul> sub/ance "u ! p>ticul> conditions4 ,?is1 at lea/1 is :at ,i suppose ,pr(essor ,h]+ to int5d4 ,leav+ ! explanation ( memory on "o side1 & conf9+ ourselves to ! fact ( memory only1 a cat]pill> on be+ j hat*$ is suppos$1 accord+ to ?is !ory1 to lose its memory ( ! "t x 0 9 ! egg1 & to be /imulat$ by an int5se b unconsci\s recollection ( ! action tak5 by its ance/ors :5 !y 7 fir/ hat*$4 ,x is guid$ 9 ! c\rse x takes by ! exp]i5ce x c ?us comm&4 ,ea* /ep x takes recalls a new recollection1 & ?us x goes ?r\gh a developm5t z a p]=m] p]=ms a piece ( music1 ea* b> lead+ 8 recollection to ! b> t %\ld next foll[4 ,9 ,life & ,habit w be f\nd examples ( ! mann] 9 :i* ?is view solves a numb] ( difficulties = ! explanation ( :i* ! lead+ m5 ( sci5ce express !mselves at a loss4 ,! foll[+ f ,pr(essor ,huxley's rec5t "w ^u ! crayfi% may s]ve = an example4 ,pr(essor ,huxley writes3-- ,x is a widely receiv$ notion t ! en]gies ( liv+ matt] h a t5d5cy to decl9e & f9ally disappe>1 & t ! dea? ( ! body z a :ole is a necess>y correlate ( its life4 ,t all liv+ be+s soon] or lat] p]i% ne$s no demon/ration1 b x w\ld be difficult to f9d satisfactory gr\nds = ! belief t !y ne$s mu/ d s4 ,! analogy ( a ma*9e1 t soon] or lat] mu/ be br\ght to a /&/ill by ! we> & te> ( its p>ts1 does n hold1 inasmu* z ! animal me*anism is cont9ually r5ew$ & repair$2 & ?\gh x is true t individual compon5ts ( ! body are con/antly dy+1 yet _! places are tak5 by vigor\s successors4 ,a city rema9s not)/&+ ! con/ant dea?-rate ( its inhabitants2 & su* an organism z a crayfi% is only a corporate unity1 made up ( innum]able p>tially indep5d5t individualities4--,! ,crayfi%1 p4 #abg4 ,surely ! !ory :i* ,i h indicat$ above makes ! reason pla9 :y no organism c p]man5tly outlive its exp]i5ce ( pa/ lives4 ,! dea? ( su* a body corporate z ! crayfi% is due to ! social condition becom+ m complex ?an !re is memory ( pa/ exp]i5ce to deal )4 ,h5ce social disruption1 insubord9ation1 & decay4 ,! crayfi% dies z a /ate dies1 & all /ates t we h he>d ( die soon] or lat]4 ,!re are "s savages :o h n yet arriv$ at ! conception t dea? is ! necess>y end ( all liv+ be+s1 & :o consid] ev5 ! g5tle/ dea? f old age z viol5t & abnormal2 s ,pr(essor ,huxley seems to f9d a difficulty 9 see+ t ?\gh a city commonly outlives _m g5]ations ( its citiz5s1 yet cities & /ates are 9 ! end no less mortal ?an individuals4 ,! city1 he says1 rema9s4 ,yes1 b n = ev]4 ,:5 ,pr(essor ,huxley c f9d a city t w la/ = ev]1 he may wond] t a crayfi% does n la/ = ev]4 ,i h already "h & else:]e said all t ,i c yet br+ =w>d 9 support ( ,pr(essor ,h]+'s !ory2 x n[ rema9s = me to meet ! mo/ tr\blesome objection to x t ,i h be5 able to ?9k (--an objection :i* ,i _h be=e me :5 ,i wrote ,life & ,habit1 b :i* !n z n[ ,i believe to be uns\nd4 ,see+1 h[ev]1 t a plausible case c be made out = x1 ,i w /ate x & refute x "h4 ,:5 ,i say refute x1 ,i d n mean t ,i %all h done ) x--= x is pla9 t x op5s up a va/] "q 9 ! relations betwe5 ! s- call$ organic & inorganic worlds--b t ,i w refute ! supposition t x any way militates aga9/ ,pr(essor ,h]+'s !ory4 ,:y1 x may be ask$1 %\ld we g out ( our way to inv5t unconsci\s memory--! exi/5ce ( :i* mu/ at ! be/ rema9 an inf]5ce #ahd--:5 ! obs]v$ fact t l antec$5ts are inv>iably foll[$ by l consequ5ts %\ld be suffici5t = our purpose8 ,:y %\ld ! fact t a giv5 k9d ( *rysalis 9 a giv5 condition w always become a butt]fly )9 a c]ta9 "t be connect$ ) memory :5 x is n pret5d$ t memory has any?+ to d ) ! inv>iabl5ess ) :i* oxyg5 & hydrog5 :5 mix$ 9 c]ta9 proportions make wat]8 ,we assume confid5tly t if a drop ( wat] 7 decompos$ into its compon5t p>ts1 & if ^! 7 br\ght toge!r aga91 & aga9 decompos$ & aga9 br\ght toge!r any numb] ( times ov]1 ! results w\ld be inv>iably ! same1 :e!r decomposition or comb9ation1 yet no "o w ref] ! inv>iabl5ess ( ! action dur+ ea* repetition1 to recollection by ! gase\s molecules ( ! c\rse tak5 :5 ! process 0 la/ repeat$4 ,on ! contr>y1 we are assur$ t molecules 9 "s di/ant "p ( ! _w :i* _h nev] ent]$ into su* & su* a kn[n comb9ation !mselves1 nor held conc]t ) o!r molecules t _h be5 s comb9$1 & :i*1 !re=e1 c\ld h _h no exp]i5ce & no memory1 w\ld none ! less act ^u "o ano!r 9 t "o way 9 :i* o!r l comb9ations ( atoms h act$ "u l circum/ances1 z readily z ?\gh !y _h be5 comb9$ & sep>at$ & recomb9$ aga9 a hundr$ or a hundr$ ?\s& times4 ,x is ?is assumption1 tacitly made by e man1 bea/1 & plant 9 ! univ]se1 ?r\gh\t all "t & 9 e action ( _! lives1 t has made any improvem5t 9 action possible--= x is ?is :i* lies at ! root ( ! p[] to pr(it by exp]i5ce4 ,i d n exactly "k :y we make ?is assumption1 & ,i _c f9d out t any "o else kn[s mu* bett] ?an myself1 b ,i d n recomm5d any "o to dispute x4 ,z we admit ( no d\bt conc]n+ ! ma9 result1 s we d n suppose an alt]native to lie be=e any atom ( any molecule at any mom5t dur+ ! process ( comb9ation4 ,?is process is1 9 all probability1 an exce$+ly complicat$ "o1 involv+ a multitude ( actions & subord9ate processes1 :i* foll[ "o ^u ! o!r1 & ea* "o ( :i* has a beg9n+1 a middle1 & an end1 ?\gh !y all come to pass 9 :at appe>s to be an in/ant ( "t4 ,yet at no po9t d we conceive ( any atom z sw]v+ ev] su* a little to "r or left ( a det]m9$ c\rse1 b inve/ ea* "o ( !m ) s mu* ( ! div9e attributes z t ) x !re %all be no v>iabl5ess nei!r %ad[ ( turn+4 ,we attribute ?is regul>ity ( action to :at we call ! necessity ( ?+s1 z det]m9$ by ! nature ( ! atoms & ! circum/ances 9 :i* !y are plac$4 ,we say t only "o proximate result c ev] arise f any giv5 comb9ation4 ,if1 !n1 s great uni=mity ( action z no?+ c exce$ is manife/$ by atoms to :i* no "o w impute memory1 :y ?is desire = memory1 z ?\gh x 7 ! only way ( acc\nt+ = regul>ity ( action 9 liv+ be+s8 ,sam5ess ( action may be se5 abundantly :]e !re is no room = any?+ t we c consi/5tly call memory4 ,9 ^! cases we say t x is due to sam5ess ( sub/ance 9 same circum/ances4 ,! mo/ cursory reflection ^u our actions w %[ u t x is no m possible = liv+ action to h m ?an "o set ( proximate consequ5ts at any giv5 "t ?an = oxyg5 & hydrog5 :5 mix$ 9 ! proportions prop] = ! =mation ( wat]4 ,:y !n n recognise ?is fact1 & ascribe repeat$ simil>ity ( liv+ action to ! reproduction ( ! necess>y antec$5ts1 ) no m s5se ( connection betwe5 ! /eps 9 ! action1 or memory ( simil> action tak5 be=e1 ?an we suppose on ! "p ( oxyg5 & hydrog5 molecules betwe5 ! sev]al occasions on :i* !y may h be5 disunit$ & reunit$8 ,a boy cat*es ! measles n because he rememb]s hav+ caught !m 9 ! p]sons ( 8 fa!r & "m1 b because he is a fit soil = a c]ta9 k9d ( se$ to gr[ ^u4 ,9 l mann] he %\ld be said to gr[ 8 nose because he is a fit comb9ation = a nose to spr+ f4 ,dr4 ,x---'s fa!r di$ ( ang9a pectoris at ! age ( =ty-n9e2 s did ,dr4 ,x---4 ,c x be pret5d$ t ,dr4 ,x--- rememb]$ hav+ di$ ( ang9a pectoris at ! age ( =ty-n9e :5 9 ! p]son ( 8 fa!r1 & accord+ly1 :5 he came to be =ty-n9e ye>s old himself1 di$ also8 ,= ?is to hold1 ,dr4 ,x---'s fa!r mu/ h begott5 him aft] he 0 dead2 = ! son c\ld n rememb] ! fa!r's dea? be=e x happ5$4 ,z = ! diseases ( old age1 s v commonly inh]it$1 !y are develop$ = ! mo/ "p n only long aft] ! av]age age ( reproduction1 b at a "t :5 no appreciable am\nt ( memory ( any previ\s exi/5ce c rema92 = a man w n h _m male ance/ors :o become p>5ts at ov] sixty ye>s old1 nor female ance/ors :o did s at ov] =ty4 ,by our own %[+1 !re=e1 recollection c h no?+ to d ) ! matt]4 ,yet :o c d\bt t g\t is due to inh]itance z mu* z eyes & noses8 ,9 :at respects d ! two ?+s diff] s t we %\ld ref] ! inh]itance ( eyes & noses to memory1 :ile d5y+ any connection betwe5 memory & g\t8 ,we may h a gho/ ( a pret5ce = say+ t a man gr[s a nose by rote1 or ev5 t he cat*es ! measles or :oop+-c\gh by rote2 b d we mean to say t he develops ! g\t by rote 9 8 old age if he comes ( a g\ty family8 ,if1 !n1 rote & r$-tape h no?+ to d ) ! "o1 :y %\ld !y ) ! o!r8 ,rememb] also ! cases 9 :i* ag$ females develop male *>act]i/ics4 ,"h are gr[?s1 (t5 ( n inconsid]able ext5t1 :i* make _! appe>ance dur+ ! decay ( ! body1 & gr[ ) great] & great] vig\r 9 ! extreme ( old age1 & ev5 = days aft] dea? itself4 ,x c h>dly be d\bt$ t an especial t5d5cy to develop ^! *>act]i/ics runs z an inh]itance 9 c]ta9 families2 "h !n is p]haps ! be/ case t c be f\nd ( a developm5t /rictly inh]it$1 b hav+ cle>ly no?+ :atev] to d ) memory4 ,:y %\ld n all developm5t /& ^u ! same foot+8 ,a fri5d :o _h be5 argu+ ) me = "s "t z above1 conclud$ ) ! foll[+ words3-- ,if y _c be cont5t ) ! simil> action ( simil> sub/ances 7liv+ or non-liv+7 "u simil> circum/ances--if y _c accept ?is z an ultimate fact1 b consid] x necess>y to connect repetition ( simil> action ) memory be=e y c re/ 9 x & be ?ankful--be consi/5t1 & introduce ?is memory :i* y f9d s necess>y into ! inorganic _w also4 ,ei!r say t a *rysalis becomes a butt]fly because x is ! ?+ t x is1 &1 be+ t k9d ( ?+1 mu/ act 9 su* & su* a mann] & 9 su* a mann] only1 s t ! act ( "o g5]ation has no m to d ) ! act ( ! next ?an ! fact ( cream be+ *urn$ into butt] 9 a dairy "o day has to d ) o!r cream be+ *urnable into butt] 9 ! foll[+ week--ei!r say ?is or else develop "s m5tal condition--:i* ,i h no d\bt y w be v well able to d if y feel ! want ( x--9 :i* y c make out a case = say+ t oxyg5 & hydrog5 on be+ br\ght toge!r1 & cream on be+ *urn$1 are 9 "s way acqua9t$ )1 & m9dful (1 action tak5 by o!r cream1 & o!r oxyg5 & hydrog5 on pa/ occasions4 ,i felt incl9$ to reply t my fri5d ne$ n twit me ) be+ able to develop a m5tal organism if ,i felt ! ne$ ( x1 = 8 own +5i\s attack on my position1 & inde$ e action ( 8 life1 0 b an example ( ?is omnipres5t pr9ciple4 ,:5 he 0 gone1 h[ev]1 ,i ?\ght ov] :at he _h be5 say+4 ,i endeav\r$ to see h[ f> ,i c\ld get on )\t volition & memory1 & reason$ z foll[s3--,a repetition ( l antec$5ts w be c]ta9ly foll[$ by a repetition ( l consequ5ts1 :e!r ! ag5ts be m5 & wom5 or *emical sub/ances4 ,if !re be two c[>ds p]fectly simil> 9 e respect1 & if !y be subject$ 9 a p]fectly simil> way to two t]rify+ ag5ts1 :i* are !mselves p]fectly simil>1 !re are few :o w n expect a p]fect simil>ity 9 ! runn+ away1 ev5 ?\gh t5 ?\s& ye>s int]v5e betwe5 ! orig9al comb9ation & its repetition4 #ahi ,"h c]ta9ly !re is no com+ into play ( memory1 m ?an 9 ! pan ( cream on two successive *urn+ days1 yet ! action is simil>4 ,a cl]k 9 an (fice has an h\r 9 ! middle ( ! day = d9n]4 ,ab\t half-pa/ twelve he beg9s to feel hungry2 at "o he takes d[n 8 hat & leaves ! (fice4 ,he does n yet "k ! neighb\rhood1 & on gett+ d[n into ! /reet asks a policeman at ! corn] :i* is ! be/ eat+-h\se )9 easy di/ance4 ,! policeman tells him ( ?ree h\ses1 "o ( :i* is a little f>!r (f ?an ! o!r two1 b is *eap]4 ,money be+ a great] object to him ?an "t1 ! cl]k decides on go+ to ! *eap] h\se4 ,he goes1 is satisfi$1 & returns4 ,next day he wants 8 d9n] at ! same h\r1 &--x w be said--rememb]+ 8 satisfaction ( ye/]day1 w g to ! same place z be=e4 ,b :at has 8 memory to d ) x8 ,suppose him to h =gott5 all ! circum/ances ( ! prec$+ day f ! mom5t ( 8 beg9n+ to feel hungry onw>d1 ?\gh 9 o!r respects s\nd 9 m9d & body1 & un*ang$ g5]ally4 ,at half-pa/ twelve he w\ld beg9 to be hungry2 b 8 beg9n+ to be hungry _c be connect$ ) 8 rememb]+ hav+ begun to be hungry ye/]day4 ,he w\ld beg9 to be hungry j z mu* :e!r he rememb]$ or no4 ,at "o o'clock he aga9 takes d[n 8 hat & leaves ! (fice1 n because he rememb]s hav+ done s ye/]day1 b because he wants 8 hat to g out )4 ,be+ aga9 9 ! /reet1 & aga9 ignorant ( ! neighb\rhood 7= he rememb]s no?+ ( ye/]day71 he sees ! same policeman at ! corn] ( ! /reet1 & asks him ! same "q z be=e2 ! policeman gives him ! same answ]1 & money be+ /ill an object to him1 ! *eape/ eat+-h\se is aga9 select$2 he goes !re1 f9ds ! same m5u1 makes ! same *oice = ! same reasons1 eats1 is satisfi$1 & returns4 ,:at simil>ity ( action c be great] ?an ?is1 & at ! same "t m incontrov]tible8 ,b x has no?+ to d ) memory2 on ! contr>y1 x is j because ! cl]k has no memory t 8 action ( ! second day s exactly resembles t ( ! fir/4 ,z long z he has no p[] ( recollect+1 he w day aft] day repeat ! same actions 9 exactly ! same way1 until "s ext]nal circum/ances1 su* z 8 be+ s5t away1 modify ! situation4 ,till ?is or "s o!r modification occurs1 he w day aft] day g d[n into ! /reet )\t kn[+ :]e to g2 day aft] day he w see ! same policeman at ! corn] ( ! same /reet1 & 7= we may z well suppose t ! policeman has no memory too7 he w ask & be answ]$1 & ask & be answ]$1 till he & ! policeman die ( old age4 ,?is simil>ity ( action is pla9ly due to t--:atev] x is--:i* ensures t l p]sons or ?+s :5 plac$ 9 l circum/ances %all behave 9 a l mann]4 ,all[ ! cl]k ev] su* a little memory1 & ! simil>ity ( action w disappe>2 = ! fact ( rememb]+ :at happ5$ to him on ! fir/ day he w5t out 9 se>* ( d9n] w be a modification 9 him 9 reg>d to 8 !n condition :5 he next goes out to get 8 d9n]4 ,he _h no su* memory on ! fir/ day1 & he has ^u ! second4 ,"s modification ( action mu/ ensue ^u ?is modification ( ! actor1 & ?is is imm$iately obs]vable4 ,he wants 8 d9n]1 inde$1 goes d[n into ! /reet1 & sees ! policeman z ye/]day1 b he does n ask ! policeman2 he rememb]s :at ! policeman told him & :at he did1 & !re=e goes /raight to ! eat+-h\se )\t wa/+ "t3 nor does he d9e (f ! same di% two days runn+1 = he rememb]s :at he _h ye/]day & likes v>iety4 ,if1 !n1 simil>ity ( action is r h9d]$ ?an promot$ by memory1 :y introduce x into su* cases z ! repetition ( ! embryonic processes by successive g5]ations8 ,! embryos ( a well-fix$ bre$1 su* z ! goose1 are almo/ z mu* alike z wat] is to wat]1 & by consequ5ce "o goose comes to be almo/ z l ano!r z wat] to wat]4 ,:y %\ld x n be suppos$ to become s ^u ! same gr\nds--namely1 t x is made ( ! same /uffs1 & put toge!r 9 l proportions 9 ! same mann]8 ,,on ,,cycles4 7,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,( ,,unconsci\s ,,memory47 ,! "o fai? on :i* all normal liv+ be+s consci\sly or unconsci\sly act1 is t l antec$5ts w be foll[$ by l consequ5ts4 ,?is is ! "o true & ca?olic fai?1 undemon/rable1 b except a liv+ be+ believe :i*1 )\t d\bt x %all p]i% ev]la/+ly4 ,9 ! assurance ( ?is all action is tak54 ,b if ?is fundam5tal article is admitt$1 x foll[s t if ev] a complete cycle 7 =m$1 s t ! :ole univ]se ( "o in/ant 7 to repeat itself absolutely 9 a subsequ5t "o1 no matt] aft] :at int]val ( "t1 !n ! c\rse ( ! ev5ts betwe5 ^! two mom5ts w\ld g on repeat+ itself = ev] & ev] aft]w>ds 9 due ord]1 d[n to ! m9ute/ detail1 9 an endless s]ies ( cycles l a circulat+ decimal4 ,= ! univ]se comprises ev]y?+2 !re c\ld !re=e be no di/urbance f )\t4 ,once a cycle1 always a cycle4 ,let u suppose ! e>? ( giv5 weight1 mov+ ) giv5 mom5tum 9 a giv5 pa?1 & "u giv5 conditions 9 e respect1 to f9d itself at any "o "t condition$ 9 all ^! respects z x 0 condition$ at "s pa/ mom5t2 !n x mu/ move exactly 9 ! same pa? z ! "o x took :5 at ! beg9n+ ( ! cycle x has j complet$1 & mu/ !re=e 9 ! c\rse ( "t fulfil a second cycle1 & !re=e a ?ird1 & s on = ev] & ev]1 ) no m *ance ( escape ?an a circulat+ decimal has1 if ! circum/ances h be5 reproduc$ ) p]fect accuracy z to draw x into su* a :irlpool4 ,we see some?+ v l ?is actually happ5 9 ! ye>ly revolutions ( ! planets r\nd ! sun4 ,b ! relations betwe51 we w say1 ! e>? & ! sun are n reproduc$ absolutely4 ,^! relations deal only ) a small "p ( ! univ]se1 & ev5 9 ?is small "p ! relation ( ! p>ts int] se has nev] yet be5 reproduc$ ) ! p]fection ( accuracy necess>y = our argum5t4 ,!y are liable1 moreov]1 to di/urbance f ev5ts :i* may or may n actually occur 7z1 = example1 our be+ /ruck by a comet1 or ! sun's com+ )9 a c]ta9 di/ance ( ano!r sun71 b ( :i*1 if !y d occur1 no "o c =esee ! effects4 ,nev]!less ! conditions h be5 s ne>ly repeat$ t !re is no appreciable diff]5ce 9 ! relations betwe5 ! e>? & sun on "o ,new ,ye>'s ,day & on ano!r1 nor is !re reason = expect+ su* *ange )9 any reasonable "t4 ,if !re is to be an et]nal s]ies ( cycles involv+ ! :ole univ]se1 x is pla9 t n "o s+le atom mu/ be exclud$4 ,exclude a s+le molecule ( hydrog5 f ! r+1 or v>y ! relative positions ( two molecules only1 & ! *>m is brok52 an elem5t ( di/urbance has be5 introduc$1 ( :i* ! utmo/ t c be said is t x may n prev5t ! ensu+ ( a long s]ies ( v ne>ly p]fect cycles be=e simil>ity 9 recurr5ce is de/roy$1 b :i* mu/ inevitably prev5t absolute id5tity ( repetition4 ,! movem5t ( ! s]ies becomes no long] a cycle1 b spiral1 & conv]g5t or div]g5t at a great] or less rate accord+ to circum/ances4 ,we _c conceive ( all ! atoms 9 ! univ]se /&+ twice ov] 9 absolutely ! same relation ea* "o ( !m to e o!r4 ,!re are too _m ( !m1 & !y are too mu* mix$2 b1 z has be5 j said1 9 ! planets & _! satellites we d see l>ge gr\ps ( atoms ^: movem5ts recur ) "s approa* to precision4 ,! same holds good also ) c]ta9 comets & ) ! sun himself4 ,! result is t our days & nights & seasons foll[ "o ano!r ) ne>ly p]fect regul>ity f ye> to ye>1 & h done s = z long "t z we "k any?+ = c]ta94 ,a va/ prepond]ance ( all ! action t takes place ar\nd u is cyclical action4 ,)9 ! great cycle ( ! planet>y revolution ( our own e>?1 & z a consequ5ce !re(1 we h ! m9or cycle ( ! seasons2 ^! g5]ate atmosph]ic cycles4 ,wat] is evaporat$ f ! ocean & convey$ to m\nta9-ranges1 :]e x is cool$1 & :5ce x returns aga9 to ! sea4 ,?is cycle ( ev5ts is be+ repeat$ aga9 & aga9 ) little appreciable v>iation4 ,! tides1 & w9ds 9 c]ta9 latitudes1 g r\nd & r\nd ! _w ) :at am\nts to cont9u\s regul>ity4 ,!re are /orms ( w9d & ra9 call$ cyclones4 ,9 ! case ( ^!1 ! cycle is n v complete1 ! movem5t1 !re=e1 is spiral1 & ! t5d5cy to recur is comp>atively soon lo/4 ,x is a common say+ t hi/ory repeats itself1 s t an>*y w lead to despotism & despotism to an>*y2 e nation c po9t to in/ances ( m5's m9ds hav+ gone r\nd & r\nd s ne>ly 9 a p]fect cycle t _m revolutions h occurr$ be=e ! cessation ( a t5d5cy to recur4 ,la/ly1 9 ! g5]ation ( plants & animals we h1 p]haps1 ! mo/ /rik+ & common example ( ! inevitable t5d5cy ( all action to repeat itself :5 x has once proximately done s4 ,let only "o liv+ be+ h once succe$$ 9 produc+ a be+ l itself1 & ?us h return$1 s to speak1 ^u itself1 & a s]ies ( g5]ations mu/ foll[ ( necessity1 unless "s matt] int]f]e :i* _h no "p 9 ! orig9al comb9ation1 &1 z x may happ51 kill ! fir/ reproductive creature or all its desc5dants )9 a few g5]ations4 ,if no su* mi%ap occurs z ?is1 & if ! recurr5ce ( ! conditions is suffici5tly p]fect1 a s]ies ( g5]ations foll[s ) z mu* c]ta9ty z a s]ies ( seasons foll[s ^u ! cycle ( ! relations betwe5 ! e>? & sun4 ,let ! fir/ p]iodically recurr+ sub/ance--we w say ,a--be able to recur or reproduce itself1 n once only1 b _m times ov]1 z ,a#a1 ,a#b1 c42 let ,a also h consci\sness & a s5se ( self-int]e/1 :i* qualities mu/1 ex hypo!si1 be reproduc$ 9 ea* "o ( its (fspr+2 let ^! get plac$ 9 circum/ances :i* diff] suffici5tly to de/roy ! cycle 9 !ory )\t do+ s practically--t is to say1 to r$uce ! rotation to a spiral1 b to a spiral ) s little deviation f p]fect cycul>ity z = ea* revolution to appe> practically a cycle1 ?\gh aft] _m revolutions ! deviation becomes p]ceptible2 !n "s su* diff]5tiations ( animal & vegetable life z we actually see foll[ z matt]s ( c\rse4 ,a#a & ,a#b h a s5se ( self-int]e/ z ,a _h1 b !y are n precisely 9 circum/ances simil> to ,a's1 nor1 x may be1 to ea* o!r's2 !y w !re=e act some:at diff]5tly1 & e liv+ be+ is modifi$ by a *ange ( action4 ,hav+ become modifi$1 !y foll[ ! _s ( ,a's action m ess5tially 9 begett+ a creature l !mselves ?an 9 begett+ "o l ,a2 = ! ess5ce ( ,a's act 0 n ! reproduction ( ,a1 b ! reproduction ( a creature l ! "o f :i* x sprung--t is to say1 a creature be>+ traces 9 its body ( ! ma9 influ5ces t h work$ ^u its p>5t4 ,)9 ! cycle ( reproduction !re are cycles ^u cycles 9 ! life ( ea* individual1 :e!r animal or plant4 ,obs]ve ! action ( our lungs & he>t1 h[ regul> x is1 & h[ a cycle hav+ be5 once e/abli%$1 x is repeat$ _m millions ( times 9 an individual ( av]age heal? & longevity4 ,rememb] also t x is ?is p]iodicity--?is inevitable t5d5cy ( all atoms 9 comb9ation to repeat any comb9ation :i* !y h once repeat$1 unless =cibly prev5t$ f do+ s--:i* alone r5d]s n9e-t5?s ( our me*anical inv5tions ( practical use to u4 ,!re is n int]nal p]iodicity ab\t a hamm] or a saw1 b !re is 9 ! /eam-eng9e or wat]mill :5 once set 9 motion4 ,! actions ( ^! ma*9es recur 9 a regul> s]ies1 at regul> int]vals1 ) ! un]r+ness ( circulat+ decimals4 ,:5 we be> 9 m9d1 !n1 ! omnipres5ce ( ?is t5d5cy 9 ! _w ar\nd u1 ! absolute fre$om f exception :i* att5ds its action1 ! mann] 9 :i* x holds equally good ^u ! va/e/ & ! smalle/ scale1 & ! complet5ess ( its accord ) our ideas ( :at mu/ inevitably happ5 :5 a l comb9ation is plac$ 9 circum/ances l ^? 9 :i* x 0 plac$ be=e--:5 we be> 9 m9d all ?is1 is x possible n to connect ! facts toge!r1 & to ref] cycles ( liv+ g5]ations to ! same unalt]abl5ess 9 ! action ( l matt] "u l circum/ances :i* makes ,jupit] & ,saturn revolve r\nd ! sun1 or ! pi/on ( a /eam-eng9e move up & d[n z long z ! /eam acts ^u x8 ,b :o w attribute memory to ! h&s ( a clock1 to a pi/on-rod1 to air or wat] 9 a /orm or 9 c\rse ( evaporation1 to ! e>? & planets 9 _! circuits r\nd ! sun1 or to ! atoms ( ! univ]se1 if !y too be mov+ 9 a cycle va/] ?an we c take acc\nt (8 #aih;a ,& if n1 :y introduce x into ! embryonic developm5t ( liv+ be+s1 :5 !re is n a p>ticle ( evid5ce 9 support ( its actual pres5ce1 :5 regul>ity ( action c be ensur$ j z well )\t x z ) x1 & :5 at ! be/ x is consid]$ z exi/+ "u circum/ances :i* x baffles u to conceive1 inasmu* z x is suppos$ to be ex]cis$ )\t any consci\s recollection8 ,surely a memory :i* is ex]cis$ )\t any consci\sness ( recollect+ is only a p]iphrasis = ! abs5ce ( any memory at all4 #aih;b ,,reputation--,,memory ,,at ,,once ,a ,,promot] ,,& ,a ,,di/urb] ,,( ,,uni=mity ,,( ,,action ,,& ,,/ructure4 7,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,( ,,unconsci\s ,,memory47 ,to meet ! objections 9 ! two =ego+ *apt]s1 ,i ne$ d little m ?an %[ t ! fact ( c]ta9 (t5 inh]it$ diseases & developm5ts1 :e!r ( y\? or old age1 be+ obvi\sly n due to a memory on ! "p ( (fspr+ ( l diseases & developm5ts 9 ! p>5ts1 does n militate aga9/ suppos+ t embryonic & y\?ful developm5t g5]ally is due to memory4 ,?is is ! ma9 "p ( ! objection2 ! re/ resolves itself into an ass]tion t !re is no evid5ce 9 support ( in/9ct & embryonic developm5t be+ due to memory1 & a cont5tion t ! necessity ( ea* p>ticul> mom5t 9 ea* p>ticul> case is suffici5t to acc\nt = ! facts )\t ! introduction ( memory4 ,i w deal ) ^! two la/ po9ts briefly fir/4 ,z reg>ds ! evid5ce 9 support ( ! !ory t in/9ct & gr[? are due to a rapid unconsci\s memory ( pa/ exp]i5ces & developm5ts 9 ! p]sons ( ! ance/ors ( ! liv+ =m 9 :i* !y appe>1 ,i mu/ ref] my read]s to ,life & ,habit1 & to ! translation ( ,pr(essor ,h]+'s lecture giv5 9 ,*apt] ,,vi4 ( ,unconsci\s ,memory4 ,i w only repeat "h t a *rysalis1 we w say1 is z mu* "o & ! same p]son ) ! *rysalis ( its prec$+ g5]ation1 z ?is la/ is "o & ! same p]son ) ! egg or cat]pill> f :i* x sprang4 ,y _c d5y p]sonal id5tity betwe5 two successive g5]ations )\t soon] or lat] d5y+ x dur+ ! successive /ages 9 ! s+le life ( :at we call "o individual2 nor c y admit p]sonal id5tity ?r\gh ! /ages ( a long & v>i$ life 7embryonic & po/- natal7 )\t admitt+ x to endure ?r\gh an endless s]ies ( g5]ations4 ,! p]sonal id5tity ( successive g5]ations be+ admitt$1 ! possibility ( ! second ( two g5]ations rememb]+ :at happ5$ to x 9 ! fir/ is obvi\s4 ,! a priori objection1 !re=e1 is remov$1 & ! "q becomes "o ( fact--does ! (fspr+ act z if x rememb]$8 ,! answ] to ?is "q is n only t x does s act1 b t x is n possible to acc\nt = ei!r its developm5t or its e>ly in/9ctive actions ^u any o!r hypo!sis ?an t ( its rememb]+1 & rememb]+ exce$+ly well4 ,! only alt]native is to decl>e ) ,von ,h>tmann t a liv+ be+ may display a va/ & v>i$ in=mation conc]n+ all mann] ( details1 & be able to p]=m mo/ intricate op]ations1 indep5d5tly ( exp]i5ce & practice4 ,once admit k indep5d5t ( exp]i5ce1 & f>ewell to sob] s5se & reason f t mom5t4 ,fir/ly1 !n1 we %[ t (fspr+ has _h e facility = rememb]+2 secondly1 t x %[s e appe>ance ( hav+ rememb]$2 ?irdly1 t no o!r hypo!sis except memory c be br\ght =w>d1 s z to acc\nt = ! ph5om5a ( in/9ct & h]$ity g5]ally1 :i* is n easily r$ucible to an absurdity4 ,beyond ?is we d n c>e to g1 & mu/ all[ ^? to diff] f u :o require fur!r evid5ce4 ,z reg>ds ! argum5t t ! necessity ( ea* mom5t w acc\nt = lik5ess ( result1 )\t !re be+ any ne$ = introduc+ memory1 ,i admit t lik5ess ( consequ5ts is due to lik5ess ( antec$5ts1 & ,i grant ?is w hold z good ) embryos z ) oxyg5 & hydrog5 gas2 :at w cov] ! "o w cov] ! o!r1 = ! writs ( ! laws common to all matt] run )9 ! womb z freely z else:]e2 b admitt+ t !re are comb9ations into :i* liv+ be+s ent] ) a faculty call$ memory :i* has its effects ^u _! conduct1 & admitt+ t su* comb9ations are f "t to "t repeat$ 7z we obs]ve 9 ! case ( a practis$ p]=m] play+ a piece ( music :i* he has committ$ to memory71 !n ,i ma9ta9 t ?\gh1 inde$1 ! lik5ess ( "o p]=mance to its imm$iate pr$ecessor is due to lik5ess ( ! comb9ations imm$iately prec$+ ! two p]=mances1 yet memory plays s important a "p 9 bo? ^! comb9ations z to make x a di/+ui%+ feature 9 !m1 & !re=e prop] to be insi/$ ^u4 ,we d n1 = example1 say t ,h]r ,joa*im play$ su* & su* a sonata )\t ! music1 because he 0 su* & su* an arrangem5t ( matt] 9 su* & su* circum/ances1 resembl+ ^? "u :i* he play$ )\t music on "s pa/ occasion4 ,?is goes )\t say+2 we say only t he play$ ! music by he>t or by memory1 z he _h (t5 play$ x be=e4 ,to ! objector t a cat]pill> becomes a *rysalis n because x rememb]s & takes ! action tak5 by its fa!rs & mo!rs 9 due c\rse be=e x1 b because :5 matt] is 9 su* a physical & m5tal /ate z to be call$ cat]pill>1 x mu/ p]=ce assume pres5tly su* ano!r physical & m5tal /ate z to be call$ *rysalis1 & t !re=e !re is no memory 9 ! case--to ?is objector ,i rejo9 t ! (fspr+ cat]pill> w\ld n h become s l ! p>5t z to make ! next or *rysalis /age a matt] ( necessity1 unless bo? p>5t & (fspr+ _h be5 influ5c$ by some?+ t we usually call memory4 ,= x is ?is v possession ( a common memory :i* has guid$ ! (fspr+ into ! pa? tak5 by1 & h5ce to a virtually same condition )1 ! p>5t1 & :i* guid$ ! p>5t 9 its turn to a /ate virtually id5tical ) a correspond+ /ate 9 ! exi/5ce ( its own p>5t4 ,to memory1 !re=e1 ! mo/ prom95t place 9 ! transaction is assign$ rightly4 ,to d5y t w guid$ by memory has any?+ to d ) ! developm5t ( embryos seems l d5y+ t a desire to ob/ruct has any?+ to d ) ! rec5t conduct ( c]ta9 memb]s 9 ! ,h\se ( ,commons4 ,:at %\ld we ?9k ( "o :o said t ! action ( ^! g5tlem5 _h no?+ to d ) a desire to emb>rass ! ,gov]nm5t1 b 0 simply ! necess>y outcome ( ! *emical & me*anical =ces at "w1 :i* be+ su* & su*1 ! action :i* we see is inevitable1 & has !re=e no?+ to d ) wilful ob/ruction8 ,we %\ld answ] t !re 0 d\btless a great deal ( *emical & me*anical action 9 ! matt]2 p]haps1 = aught we knew or c>$1 x 0 all *emical & me*anical2 b if s1 !n a desire to ob/ruct p>liam5t>y bus9ess is involv$ 9 c]ta9 k9ds ( *emical & me*anical action1 & t ! k9ds involv+ ?is _h prec$$ ! rec5t proce$+s ( ! memb]s 9 "q4 ,if ask$ to prove ?is1 we c get no fur!r ?an t su* action z has be5 tak5 has nev] be5 se5 except z foll[+ aft] & 9 consequ5ce ( a desire to ob/ruct2 t ?is is our nom5clature1 & t we c no m be expect$ to *ange x ?an to *ange our "m tongue at ! bidd+ ( a =eign]4 ,a little reflection w conv9ce ! read] t he w be unable to d5y w & memory to ! embryo )\t at ! same "t d5y+ _! exi/5ce ev]y:]e1 & ma9ta9+ t !y h no place 9 ! acquisition ( a habit1 nor inde$ 9 any human action4 ,he w feel t ! actions1 & ! relation ( "o action to ano!r :i* he obs]ves 9 embryos is su* z is nev] se5 except 9 association ) & z a consequ5ce ( w & memory4 ,he w !re=e say t x is due to w & memory4 ,to say t ^! are ! necess>y outcome ( c]ta9 antec$5ts is n to de/roy !m3 grant$ t !y are--a man does n cease to be a man :5 we reflect t he has _h a fa!r & "m1 nei!r d w & memory cease to be w & memory on ! gr\nd t !y _c come causeless4 ,!y are manife/ m9ute by m9ute to ! p]ception ( all p :o c keep out ( lunatic asylums1 & ?is tribunal1 ?\gh n infallible1 is nev]!less our ultimate c\rt ( appeal--! f9al arbitrator 9 all disput$ cases4 ,we mu/ rememb] t !re is no action1 h[ev] orig9al or peculi>1 :i* is n 9 respect ( f> ! great] numb] ( its details f\nd$ ^u memory4 ,if a desp]ate man bl[s 8 bra9s out--an action :i* he c d once 9 a lifetime only1 & :i* none ( 8 ance/ors c h done be=e leav+ (fspr+--/ill n9e hundr$ & n9ety-n9e ?\s&?s ( ! movem5ts necess>y to a*ieve 8 end consi/ ( habitual movem5ts--movem5ts1 t is to say1 :i* 7 once difficult1 b :i* h be5 practis$ & practis$ by ! help ( memory until !y are n[ p]=m$ automatically4 ,we c no m h an action ?an a creative ef=t ( ! imag9ation cut (f f memory4 ,ideas & actions seem almo/ to resemble matt] & =ce 9 respect ( ! impossibility ( orig9at+ or de/roy+ !m2 ne>ly all t are1 are memories ( o!r ideas & actions1 transmitt$ b n creat$1 disappe>+ b n p]i%+4 ,x appe>s1 !n1 t :5 9 ,*apt] ,x4 we suppos$ ! cl]k :o want$ 8 d9n] to =get on a second day ! action he _h tak5 ! day be=e1 we /ill1 )\t p]haps p]ceiv+ x1 suppos$ him to be guid$ by memory 9 all ! details ( 8 action1 su* z 8 tak+ d[n 8 hat & go+ out into ! /reet4 ,we c\ld n1 inde$1 deprive him ( all memory )\t absolutely p>alys+ 8 action4 ,nev]!less new ideas1 new fai?s1 & new actions d 9 ! c\rse ( "t come ab\t1 ! liv+ expressions ( :i* we may see 9 ! new =ms ( life :i* f "t to "t h aris5 & are /ill aris+1 & 9 ! increase ( our own k & me*anical inv5tions4 ,b x is only a v little new t is add$ at a "t1 & t little is g5]ally due to ! desire to atta9 an end :i* _c be atta9$ by any ( ! means = :i* !re exi/s a p]ceiv$ prec$5t 9 ! memory4 ,:5 ?is is ! case1 ei!r ! memory is fur!r ransack$ = any =gott5 %r$s ( details a comb9ation ( :i* may s]ve ! desir$ purpose2 or action is tak5 9 ! d>k1 :i* sometimes succe$s & becomes a f]tile s\rce ( fur!r comb9ations2 or we are br\ght to a dead /op4 ,all action is r&om 9 respect ( any ( ! m9ute actions :i* compose x t are n done 9 consequ5ce ( memory1 real or suppos$4 ,s t r&om1 or action tak5 9 ! d>k1 or illusion1 lies at ! v root ( progress4 ,i w n[ consid] ! objection t ! ph5om5a ( in/9ct & embryonic developm5t ought n to be ascrib$ to memory1 inasmu* z c]ta9 o!r ph5om5a ( h]$ity1 su* z g\t1 _c be ascrib$ to x4 ,^? :o object 9 ?is way =get t our actions fall into two ma9 classes3 ^? :i* we h (t5 repeat$ be=e by means ( a regul> s]ies ( subord9ate actions beg9n+ & end+ at a c]ta9 tol]ably well-def9$ po9t--z :5 ,h]r ,joa*im plays a sonata 9 public1 or :5 we dress or undress ourselves2 & actions ! details ( :i* are inde$ guid$ by memory1 b :i* 9 _! g5]al scope & purpose are new--z :5 we are be+ m>ri$1 or pres5t$ at c\rt4 ,at ea* po9t 9 any action ( ! fir/ ( ! two k9ds above ref]r$ to !re is a memory 7consci\s or unconsci\s accord+ to ! less or great] numb] ( times ! action has be5 repeat$71 n only ( ! /eps 9 ! pres5t & previ\s p]=mances :i* h l$ up to ! p>ticul> po9t t may be select$1 b also ( ! p>ticul> po9t itself2 !re is !re=e1 at ea* po9t 9 a habitual p]=mance1 a memory at once ( l antec$5ts & ( a l pres5t4 ,if ! memory1 :e!r ( ! antec$5t or ! pres5t1 7 absolutely p]fect2 t is to say1 if ! vibrations 9 ! n]v\s sy/em 7or1 if ! read] likes x bett]1 if ! molecul> *ange 9 ! p>ticul> n]ves affect$--= molecul> *ange is only a *ange 9 ! "* ( ! vibrations go+ on )9 ! molecules--x is no?+ else ?an ?is7--x ! vibrations 9 ! p>ticul> n]ves affect$ by any occurr5ce cont9u$ on ea* fre% repetition ( ! occurr5ce 9 _! full orig9al /r5g? & )\t hav+ be5 int]f]$ ) by any o!r vibrations2 & if1 aga91 ! new waves runn+ into ! fa9t old ones f ext]ior objects & re/or+ ! laps$ molecul> /ate ( ! n]ves to a pri/9e condition 7 absolutely id5tical 9 "* on ea* repetition ( ! occurr5ce ) ! waves t ran 9 ^u ! la/ occasion1 !n !re w\ld be no *ange 9 ! action1 & no modification or improvem5t c\ld take place4 ,= ?\gh inde$ ! late/ p]=mance w\ld always h "o memory m ?an ! late/ b "o to guide x1 yet ! memories be+ id5tical1 x w\ld n matt] h[ _m or h[ few !y 74 ,on any repetition1 h[ev]1 ! circum/ances1 ext]nal or int]nal1 or bo?1 nev] are absolutely id5tical3 !re is "s slight v>iation 9 ea* individual case1 & "s "p ( ?is v>iation is rememb]$1 ) approbation or disapprobation z ! case may be4 ,! fact1 !re=e1 t on ea* repetition ( ! action !re is "o memory m ?an on ! la/ b "o1 & t ?is memory is slightly diff]5t f its pr$ecessor1 is se5 to be an inh]5t &1 ex hypo!si1 necess>ily di/urb+ factor 9 all habitual action--& ! life ( an organism %\ld1 z has be5 suffici5tly insi/$ on1 be reg>d$ z ! habitual action ( a s+le individual1 namely1 ( ! organism itself1 & ( its ance/ors4 ,?is is ! key to accumulation ( improvem5t1 :e!r 9 ! arts :i* we assidu\sly practise dur+ our s+le life1 or 9 ! /ructures & in/9cts ( successive g5]ations4 ,! memory does n complete a true circle1 b is1 z x 71 a spiral slightly div]g5t !refrom4 ,x is no long] a p]fectly circulat+ decimal4 ,:]e1 on ! o!r h&1 !re is no memory ( a l pres5t1 :]e1 9 fact1 ! memory is n1 s to speak1 spiral1 !re is no accumulation ( improvem5t4 ,! effect ( any v>iation is n transmitt$1 & is n ?us pregnant ( /ill fur!r *ange4 ,z reg>ds ! second ( ! two classes ( actions above ref]r$ to--^?1 namely :i* are n recurr5t or habitual1 & at no po9t ( :i* is !re a memory ( a pa/ pres5t l ! "o :i* is pres5t n[--!re w h be5 no accumulation ( /rong & well- knit memory z reg>ds ! action z a :ole1 b action1 if tak5 at all1 w be tak5 ^u disjo9t$ fragm5ts ( individual actions 7our own & ^? ( o!r p7 piec$ toge!r ) a result m or less satisfactory accord+ to circum/ances4 ,b x does n foll[ t ! action ( two p :o h _h tol]ably simil> antec$5ts & are plac$ 9 tol]ably simil> circum/ances %\ld be m unlike ea* o!r 9 ?is second case ?an 9 ! fir/4 ,on ! contr>y1 no?+ is m common ?an to obs]ve ! same k9d ( p mak+ ! same k9d ( mi/ake :5 plac$ = ! fir/ "t 9 ! same k9d ( new circum/ances4 ,i did n say t !re w\ld be no sam5ess ( action )\t memory ( a l pres5t4 ,!re may be sam5ess ( action proce$+ f a memory1 consci\s or unconsci\s1 ( l antec$5ts1 & a pres5ce only ( l pres5ts )\t recollection ( ! same4 ,! sam5ess ( action ( l p]sons plac$ "u l circum/ances = ! fir/ "t1 resembles ! sam5ess ( action ( inorganic matt] "u ! same comb9ations4 ,let u = a mom5t suppose :at we call non-liv+ sub/ances to be capable ( rememb]+ _! antec$5ts1 & t ! *anges !y und]go are ! expressions ( _! recollections4 ,!n ,i admit1 ( c\rse1 t !re is n memory 9 any cream1 we w say1 t is ab\t to be *urn$ ( ! cream ( ! prec$+ week1 b ! common abs5ce ( su* memory f ea* week's cream is an elem5t ( sam5ess betwe5 ! two4 ,& ?\gh no cream c rememb] hav+ be5 *urn$ be=e1 yet all cream 9 all "t has _h ne>ly id5tical antec$5ts1 & has !re=e ne>ly ! same memories & ne>ly ! same proclivities4 ,?us1 9 fact1 ! cream ( "o week is z truly ! same z ! cream ( ano!r2 week f ! same c[1 pa/ure1 c41 z any?+ is ev] ! same ) any?+2 = ! hav+ be5 subject$ to l antec$5ts eng5d]s ! close/ simil>ity t we c conceive (1 if ! sub/ances 7 l to />t )4 ,same is z same does4 ,! manife/ abs5ce ( any connect+ memory 7or memory ( l pres5ts7 f c]ta9 ( ! ph5om5a ( h]$ity1 su* z1 = example1 ! diseases ( old age1 is n[ se5 to be no valid reason = say+ t su* o!r & f> m num]\s & important ph5om5a z ^? ( embryonic developm5t are n ph5om5a ( memory4 ,gr[? & ! diseases ( old age d inde$1 at fir/ sight1 appe> to /& on ! same foot+4 ,! "q1 h[ev]1 :e!r c]ta9 results are due to memory or no mu/ be settl$ n by %[+ t two comb9ations1 nei!r ( :i* c rememb] ! o!r 7z betwe5 ea* o!r71 may yet g5]ate l results1 & !re=e1 consid]+ ! memory !ory dispos$ ( = all o!r cases1 b by ! evid5ce we may be able to adduce 9 any p>ticul> case t ! second ag5t has actually rememb]$ ! conduct ( ! fir/4 ,su* evid5ce mu/ %[ fir/ly t ! second ag5t _c be suppos$ able to d :at x is pla9 he c d1 except "u ! guidance ( memory or exp]i5ce1 & secondly1 t ! second ag5t has _h e opportunity ( rememb]+4 ,:5 ! fir/ ( ^! te/s fails1 simil>ity ( action on ! "p ( two ag5ts ne$ n be connect$ ) memory ( a l pres5t z well z ( l antec$5ts2 :5 bo? fail1 simil>ity ( action %\ld be ref]r$ to memory ( l antec$5ts only4 ,return+ to a p>5!sis a few pages back1 9 :i* ,i said t consci\sness ( memory w\ld be less or great] accord+ to ! great] or few] numb] ( times t ! act _h be5 repeat$1 x may be obs]v$ z a coroll>y to ?is1 t ! less consci\sness ( memory ! great] ! uni=mity ( action1 & vice v]sa4 ,= ! less consci\sness involves ! memory's be+ m p]fect1 ?r\gh a l>g] numb] 7g5]ally7 ( repetitions ( ! act t is rememb]$2 !re is !re=e a less proportionate diff]5ce 9 respect ( ! numb] ( recollections ( ?is p>ticul> act betwe5 ! mo/ rec5t actor & ! mo/ rec5t b "o4 ,?is is :y v old civilisations1 z ^? ( _m insects1 & ! great] numb] ( n[ liv+ organisms1 appe> to ! eye n to *ange at all4 ,= example1 if an action has be5 p]=m$ only t5 times1 we w say by ,a1 ,b1 ,c1 c1 :o are simil> 9 all respects1 except t ,a acts )\t recollection1 ,b ) recollection ( ,a's action1 ,c ) recollection ( bo? ,b's & ,a's1 :ile ,j rememb]s ! c\rse tak5 by ,a1 ,b1 ,c1 ,d1 ,e1 ,f1 ,g1 ,h1 & ,i--! possession ( a memory by ,b w inde$ s *ange 8 action1 z comp>$ ) ,a's1 t x may well be h>dly recognisable4 ,we saw ?is 9 our example ( ! cl]k :o ask$ ! policeman ! way to ! eat+-h\se on "o day1 b did n ask him ! next1 because he rememb]$2 b ,c's action w n be s diff]5t f ,b's z ,b's f ,a's1 = ?\gh ,c w act ) a memory ( two occasions on :i* ! action has be5 p]=m$1 :ile ,b recollects only ! orig9al p]=mance by ,a1 yet ,b & ,c bo? act ) ! guidance ( a memory & exp]i5ce ( "s k9d1 :ile ,a act$ )\t any4 ,?us ! cl]k ref]r$ to 9 ,*apt] ,x4 w act on ! ?ird day mu* z he act$ on ! second--t is to say1 he w see ! policeman at ! corn] ( ! /reet1 b w n "q him4 ,:5 ! action is repeat$ by ,j = ! t5? "t1 ! diff]5ce betwe5 ,j's repetition ( x & ,i's w be due solely to ! diff]5ce betwe5 a recollection ( n9e pa/ p]=mances by ,j aga9/ only eight by ,i1 & ?is is s mu* proportionately less ?an ! diff]5ce betwe5 a recollection ( two p]=mances & ( only "o1 t a less modification ( action %\ld be expect$4 ,at ! same "t consci\sness conc]n+ an action repeat$ = ! t5? "t %\ld be less acute ?an on ! fir/ repetition4 ,memory1 !re=e1 ?\gh t5d+ to di/urb simil>ity ( action less & less cont9ually1 mu/ always cause "s di/urbance4 ,at ! same "t ! possession ( a memory on ! successive repetitions ( an action aft] ! fir/1 &1 p]haps1 ! fir/ two or ?ree1 dur+ :i* ! recollection may be suppos$ /ill imp]fect1 w t5d to ensure uni=mity1 = x w be "o ( ! elem5ts ( sam5ess 9 ! ag5ts--!y bo? act+ by ! light ( exp]i5ce & memory4 ,dur+ ! embryonic /ages & 9 *ildhood we are almo/ entirely "u ! guidance ( a practis$ & p[]ful memory ( circum/ances :i* h be5 (t5 repeat$1 n only 9 detail & piecemeal1 b z a :ole1 & "u _m slightly v>y+ conditions2 ?us ! p]=mance has become well av]ag$ & matur$ 9 its arrangem5ts1 s z to meet all ord9>y em]g5cies4 ,we !re=e act ) great unconsci\sness & v>y our p]=mances little4 ,babies are mu* m alike ?an p]sons ( middle age4 ,up to ! av]age age at :i* our ance/ors h _h *ildr5 dur+ _m g5]ations1 we are /ill guid$ 9 great measure by memory2 b ! v>iations 9 ext]nal circum/ances beg9 to make !mselves p]ceptible 9 our *>act]s4 ,9 middle life we live m & m cont9ually ^u ! piec+ toge!r ( details ( memory drawn f our p]sonal exp]i5ce1 t is to say1 ^u ! memory ( our own antec$5ts2 & ?is resembles ! k9d ( memory we hypo!tically atta*$ to cream a little "t ago4 ,x is n surpris+1 !n1 t a son :o has inh]it$ 8 fa!r's ta/es & con/itution1 & :o lives mu* z 8 fa!r _h done1 %\ld make ! same mi/akes z 8 fa!r did :5 he rea*es 8 fa!r's age--we w say ( sev5ty--?\gh he _c possibly rememb] 8 fa!r's hav+ made ! mi/akes4 ,x 7 to be wi%$ we c\ld1 = !n we might "k bett] h[ to avoid g\t1 canc]1 or :at n4 ,& x is to be notic$ t ! developm5ts ( old age are g5]ally ?+s we %\ld be glad en\gh to avoid if we knew h[ to d s4 ,,conclusion4 7,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,( ,,unconsci\s ,,memory47 ,if we obs]v$ ! resemblance betwe5 successive g5]ations to be z close z t betwe5 di/ill$ wat] & di/ill$ wat] ?r\gh all "t1 & if we obs]v$ t p]fect un*angeabl5ess 9 ! action ( liv+ be+s :i* we see 9 :at we call *emical & me*anical comb9ations1 we might inde$ suspect t memory _h z little place among ! causes ( _! action z x c h 9 any?+1 & t ea* repetition1 :e!r ( a habit or ! practice ( art1 or ( an embryonic process 9 successive g5]ations1 0 z orig9al z ! ,orig9 ( ,species itself1 = all t memory _h to d ) x4 ,i submit1 h[ev]1 t 9 ! case ( ! reproductive =ms ( life we see j s mu* v>iety1 9 spite ( uni=mity1 z is consi/5t ) a repetition involv+ n only a ne>ly p]fect simil>ity 9 ! ag5ts & _! circum/ances1 b also ! little dep>ture !refrom t is inevitably involv$ 9 ! supposition t a memory ( l pres5ts z well z ( l antec$5ts 7z di/+ui%$ f a memory ( l antec$5ts only7 has play$ a "p 9 _! developm5t--a cyclical memory1 if ! expression may be p>don$4 ,!re is life inf9itely l[] & m m9ute ?an any :i* our mo/ p[]ful microscopes reveal to u1 b let u leave ?is ^u "o side & beg9 ) ! amoeba4 ,let u suppose t ?is /ructureless morsel ( protoplasm is1 = all its /ructurelessness1 compos$ ( an inf9ite numb] ( liv+ molecules1 ea* "o ( !m ) hopes & fe>s ( its own1 & all dwell+ toge!r l ,tekke ,turcomans1 ( :om we read t !y live = plund] only1 & t ea* man ( !m is entirely indep5d5t1 ackn[l$g+ no con/itut$ au?ority1 b t "s among !m ex]cise a tacit & undef9$ influ5ce ov] ! o!rs4 ,let u suppose ^! molecules capable ( memory1 bo? 9 _! capacity z individuals & z societies1 & able to transmit _! memories to _! desc5dants f ! traditions ( ! dimme/ pa/ to ! exp]i5ces ( _! own lifetime4 ,"s ( ^! societies w rema9 simple1 z hav+ _h no hi/ory1 b to ! great] numb] unfamili>1 & !re=e /rik+1 incid5ts w f "t to "t occur1 :i*1 :5 !y d n di/urb memory s greatly z to kill1 w leave _! impression ^u x4 ,! body or society w rememb] ^! incid5ts & be modifi$ by !m 9 its conduct1 & !re=e m or less 9 its int]nal arrangem5ts1 :i* w t5d inevitably to specialisation4 ,?is memory ( ! mo/ /rik+ ev5ts ( v>i$ lifetimes ,i ma9ta91 ) ,pr(essor ,h]+1 to be ! diff]5tiat+ cause1 :i*1 accumulat$ 9 c\ntless g5]ations1 has l$ up f ! amoeba to man4 ,if !re _h be5 no su* memory1 ! amoeba ( "o g5]ation w\ld h exactly resembl$ ! amoeba ( ! prec$+1 & a p]fect cycle w\ld h be5 e/abli%$2 ! modify+ effects ( an additional memory 9 ea* g5]ation h made ! cycle into a spiral1 & into a spiral ^: ecc5tricities1 9 ! outset h>dly p]ceptible1 is becom+ great] & great] ) increas+ longevity & m complex social & me*anical inv5tions4 ,we say t ! *ick5 gr[s ! horny tip to its beak ) :i* x ultimately pecks its way out ( its %ell1 because x rememb]s hav+ gr[n x be=e1 & ! use x made ( x4 ,we say t x made x on ! same pr9ciples z a man makes a spade or a hamm]1 t is to say1 z ! jo9t result bo? ( desire & exp]i5ce4 ,:5 ,i say exp]i5ce1 ,i mean1 exp]i5ce n only ( :at w be want$1 b also ( ! details ( all ! means t mu/ be tak5 9 ord] to effect ?is4 ,memory1 !re=e1 is suppos$ to guide ! *ick5 n only 9 respect ( ! ma9 design1 b 9 respect also ( e atomic action1 s to speak1 :i* goes to make up ! execution ( ?is design4 ,x is n only ! sugge/ion ( a plan :i* is due to memory1 b1 z ,pr(essor ,h]+ has s well said1 x is ! b9d+ p[] ( memory :i* alone r5d]s any consolidation or coh]5ce ( action possible1 inasmu* z )\t ?is no action c\ld h p>ts subord9ate "o to ano!r1 yet be>+ ^u a common end2 no "p ( an action1 great or small1 c\ld h ref]5ce to any o!r "p1 mu* less to a comb9ation ( all ! p>ts2 no?+1 9 fact1 b ultimate atoms ( actions c\ld ev] happ5--^! be>+ ! same relation to su* an action1 we w say1 z a railway j\rney f ,london to ,ed9burgh z a s+le molecule ( hydrog5 to a gallon ( wat]4 ,if ask$ h[ x is t ! *ick5 %[s no sign ( consci\sness conc]n+ ?is design1 nor yet ( ! /eps x is tak+ to c>ry x out1 we reply t su* unconsci\sness is usual 9 all cases :]e an action1 & ! design :i* prompts x1 h be5 repeat$ exce$+ly (t54 ,if1 aga91 we are ask$ h[ we acc\nt = ! regul>ity ) :i* ea* /ep is tak5 9 its due ord]1 we answ] t ?is too is *>act]i/ic ( actions t are done habitually--!y be+ v r>ely misplac$ 9 respect ( any "p4 ,:5 ,i wrote ,life & ,habit1 ,i _h arriv$ at ! conclusion t memory 0 ! mo/ ess5tial *>act]i/ic ( life1 & w5t s f> z to say1 ,life is t prop]ty ( matt] :]eby x c rememb]--matt] :i* c rememb] is liv+4 ,i %\ld p]haps h writt51 ,life is ! be+ possess$ ( a memory--! life ( a ?+ at any mom5t is ! memories :i* at t mom5t x reta9s2 & ,i w\ld modify ! words t imm$iately foll[1 namely1 ,matt] :i* _c rememb] is dead2 = !y imply t !re is su* a ?+ z matt] :i* _c rememb] any?+ at all1 & ?is on full] consid]ation ,i d n believe to be ! case2 ,i c conceive ( no matt] :i* is n able to rememb] a little1 & :i* is n liv+ 9 respect ( :at x c rememb]4 ,i d n see h[ action ( any k9d 7*emical z mu* z vital7 is conceivable )\t ! supposition t e atom reta9s a memory ( c]ta9 antec$5ts4 ,i _c1 h[ev]1 at ?is po9t1 ent] ^u ! reasons :i* h compell$ me to jo9 ! _m :o are n[ adopt+ ?is conclusion4 ,:e!r ^! w\ld be deem$ suffici5t or no1 at any rate we _c believe t a sy/em ( self-reproduc+ associations %\ld develop f ! simplicity ( ! amoeba to ! complexity ( ! human body )\t ! pres5ce ( t memory :i* c alone acc\nt at once = ! resemblances & ! diff]5ces betwe5 successive g5]ations1 = ! aris+ & ! accumulation ( div]g5ces--= ! t5d5cy to diff] & ! t5d5cy n to diff]4 ,at p>t+1 !re=e1 ,i w\ld recomm5d ! read] to see e atom 9 ! univ]se z liv+ & able to feel & to rememb]1 b 9 a humble way4 ,he mu/ h life et]nal1 z well z matt] et]nal2 & ! life & ! matt] mu/ be jo9$ toge!r insep>ably z body & s\l to "o ano!r4 ,?us he w see ,god ev]y:]e1 n z ^? :o repeat phrases conv5tionally1 b z p :o w\ld h _! words tak5 accord+ to _! mo/ natural & legitimate mean+2 & he w feel t ! ma9 diff]5ce betwe5 him & _m ( ^? :o oppose him lies 9 ! fact t :]eas bo? he & !y use ! same language1 8 oppon5ts only half mean :at !y say1 :ile he means x entirely4 ,! attempt to get a high] =m ( a life f a l[] "o is 9 accordance ) our obs]vation & exp]i5ce4 ,x is !re=e prop] to be believ$4 ,! attempt to get x f t :i* has absolutely no life is l try+ to get some?+ out ( no?+4 ,! million? "p ( a f>?+ put out to int]e/ at t5 p] c5t4 w 9 five hundr$ ye>s become ov] a million p\nds1 & s long z we h any million? ( a million? ( ! f>?+ to />t )1 our gett+ z _m million p\nds z we h a fancy = is only a "q ( "t1 b )\t ! initial million? ( a million? ( a million? "p1 we %all get no increm5t :atev]4 ,a little leav5 w leav5 ! :ole lump1 b !re mu/ be "s leav54 ,we %\ld endeav\r to see ! s-call$ inorganic z liv+1 9 respect ( ! qualities x has 9 common ) ! organic1 r ?an ! organic z non-liv+ 9 respect ( ! qualities x has 9 common ) ! inorganic4 ,true1 x w\ld be h>d to place "o's self on ! same moral plat=m z a /one1 b ?is is n necess>y2 x is en\gh t we %\ld feel ! /one to h a moral plat=m ( its own1 ?\gh t plat=m embraces little m ?an a pr(\nd respect = ! laws ( gravitation1 *emical aff9ity1 c4 ,z = ! difficulty ( conceiv+ a body z liv+ t has n got a reproductive sy/em--we %\ld rememb] t neut] insects are liv+ b are believ$ to h no reproductive sy/em4 ,aga91 we %\ld be> 9 m9d t m]e assimilation involves all ! ess5tials ( reproduction1 & t bo? air & wat] possess ?is p[] 9 a v high degree4 ,! ess5ce ( a reproductive sy/em1 !n1 is f\nd l[ d[n 9 ! s*eme ( nature4 ,at pres5t our lead+ m5 ( sci5ce are 9 ?is difficulty2 on ! "o h& _! exp]im5ts & _! !ories alike tea* !m t spontane\s g5]ation ought n to be accept$2 on ! o!r1 !y mu/ h an orig9 = ! life ( ! liv+ =ms1 :i*1 by _! own !ory1 h be5 evolv$1 & !y c at pres5t get ?is orig9 9 no o!r way ?an by ,deus ex ma*9a me?od1 :i* !y reject z unprov$1 or spontane\s g5]ation ( liv+ f non-liv+ matt]1 :i* is no less =eign to _! exp]i5ce4 ,z a g5]al rule1 !y pref] ! latt] alt]native4 ,s ,pr(essor ,tyndall1 9 8 celebrat$ article 7,n9ete5? ,c5tury1 ,novemb] #ahgh71 wrote3-- ,! !ory ( evolution 9 its complete =m involves ! assumption t at "s p]iod or o!r ( ! e>?'s hi/ory !re occurr$ :at w\ld be n[ call$ 'spontane\s g5]ation4' #bag ,& s ,pr(essor ,huxley-- ,x is argu$ t a belief 9 abiog5esis is a necess>y coroll>y f ! doctr9e ( ,evolution4 ,?is may be :i* ,i submit is equival5t "h to is true ( ! occurr5ce ( abiog5esis at "s "t4 #bah ,pr(essor ,huxley goes on to say t h[ev] ?is may be1 abiog5esis 7or spontane\s g5]ation7 is n respectable & w n d at all n[4 ,!re may h be5 "o case once2 ?is may be w9k$ at1 b x mu/ n occur aga94 ,x is en\gh1 he writes1 t a s+le p>ticle ( liv+ protoplasm %\ld once h appe>$ on ! globe z ! result ( no matt] :at ag5cy4 ,9 ! eyes ( a consi/5t 6 evolutioni/ any fur!r 6 indep5d5t =mation ( protoplasm w\ld be %e] wa/e--& ! soon] ! ,almighty gets to und]/& t ,he mu/ n make t s+le act ( special creation into a prec$5t ! bett] = ,him4 ,pr(essor ,huxley1 9 fact1 excuses ! s+le case ( spontane\s g5]ation :i* he appe>s to admit1 because h[ev] illegitimate1 x 0 /ill only a v little "o1 & came (f a long "t ago 9 a =eign c\ntry4 ,= my own "p ,i ?9k x w prove 9 ! end m conv5i5t if we say t !re is a l[ k9d ( liv+ness 9 e atom ( matt]1 & adopt ,life et]nal z no less inevitable a conclusion ?an matt] et]nal4 ,x %\ld n be d\bt$ t :]ev] !re is vibration or motion !re is life & memory1 & t !re is vibration & motion at all times 9 all ?+s4 ,! read] :o takes ! above position w f9d t he c expla9 ! entry ( :at he calls dea? among :at he calls ! liv+1 :]eas he c\ld by no means introduce life into 8 sy/em if he />t$ )\t x4 ,dea? is d$ucible2 life is n d$ucible4 ,dea? is a *ange ( memories2 x is n ! de/ruction ( all memory4 ,x is z ! liquidation ( "o company ea* memb] ( :i* w pres5tly jo9 a new "o1 & reta9 a trifle ev5 ( ! old cancell$ memory1 by way ( great] aptitude = work+ 9 conc]t ) o!r molecules4 ,?is is :y animals fe$ on grass & on ea* o!r1 & _c proselytise or conv]t ! rude gr\nd be=e x has be5 tutor$ 9 ! fir/ pr9ciples ( ! high] k9ds ( association4 ,aga91 ,i w\ld recomm5d ! read] to bew>e ( believ+ any?+ 9 ?is book unless he ei!r likes x1 or feels angry at be+ told x4 ,if requir$ belief 9 ?is or t makes a man angry1 ,i suppose he %\ld1 z a g5]al rule1 swall[ x :ole !n & !re ^u ! spot1 o!rwise he may take x or leave x z he likes4 ,i h n gone f> = my facts1 nor yet f> f !m2 all on :i* ,i re/ are z op5 to ! read] z to me4 ,if ,i h sometimes us$ h>d t]ms1 ! probability is t ,i h n und]/ood !m1 b h done s by a slip1 z "o :o has caught a bad habit f ! company he has be5 lately keep+4 ,!y %\ld be skipp$4 ,d n let ! read] be too mu* ca/ d[n by ! bad language ) :i* pr(essional sci5ti/s obscure ! issue1 nor by _! seem+ to make x _! bus9ess to fog u "u ! pretext ( remov+ our difficulties4 ,x is n ! ratcat*]'s int]e/ to cat* all ! rats2 &1 z ,h&el obs]v$ s s5sibly1 ,e pr(essional g5tleman mu/ d 8 be/ = to live4 ,! art ( "s ( our philosoph]s1 h[ev]1 is suffici5tly transp>5t1 & consi/s too (t5 9 say+ organism :i* 4 4 4 mu/ be classifi$ among fi%es1 #bbj;a in/ead ( fi% & !n proclaim+ t !y h an in]adicable t5d5cy to try to make ?+s cle>4 #bbj;b ,if ano!r example is requir$1 "h is ! foll[+ f an article ?an :i* ,i h se5 few ) :i* ,i m completely agree1 or :i* h giv5 me great] pleasure4 ,if our m5 ( sci5ce w\ld take to writ+ 9 ?is way1 we %\ld be glad en\gh to foll[ !m4 ,! passage ,i ref] to runs ?us3-- ,pr(essor ,huxley speaks ( a 'v]bal fog by :i* ! "q at issue may be hidd52' is !re no v]bal fog 9 ! /atem5t t ! aetiology ( crayfi%es resolves itself into a gradual evolution 9 ! c\rse ( ! mesozoic & subsequ5t epo*s ( ! _w's hi/ory ( ^! animals f a primitive a/acomorph\s =m8 ,w\ld x be fog or light t w\ld envelop ! hi/ory ( man if we say t ! exi/5ce ( man 0 expla9$ by ! hypo!sis ( 8 gradual evolution f a primitive an?ropomorph\s =m8 ,i %\ld call ?is fog1 n light4 #bbj;c ,especially let him mi/ru/ ^? :o are hold+ =? ab\t protoplasm1 & ma9ta9+ t ?is is ! only liv+ sub/ance4 ,protoplasm may be1 & p]haps is1 ! mo/ liv+ "p ( an organism1 z ! mo/ capable ( reta9+ vibrations1 ( a c]ta9 "*1 b ?is is ! utmo/ t c be claim$ = x4 ,i h notic$1 h[ev]1 t protoplasm has n be5 buoyant lately 9 ! sci5tific m>ket4 ,hav+ m5tion$ protoplasm1 ,i may ask ! read] to note ! breakd[n ( t s*ool ( philosophy :i* divid$ ! ego f ! non ego4 ,! protoplasmi/s1 on ! "o h&1 are :ittl+ away at ego1 till !y h r$uc$ x to a little jelly 9 c]ta9 p>ts ( ! body1 & !y w :ittle away ?is too pres5tly1 if !y g on z !y are do+ n[4 ,o!rs1 aga91 are s unify+ ! ego & ! non ego1 t ) !m !re w soon be z little ( ! non ego left z !re is ( ! ego ) _! oppon5ts4 ,bo?1 h[ev]1 are s f> agre$ z t we "k n :]e to draw ! l9e betwe5 ! two1 & ?is r5d]s nugatory any sy/em :i* is f\nd$ ^u a di/9ction betwe5 !m4 ,! tru? is1 t all classification :atev]1 :5 we exam9e its raison d'etre closely1 is f\nd to be arbitr>y--to dep5d on our s5se ( our own conv5i5ce1 & n on any inh]5t di/9ction 9 ! nature ( ! ?+s !mselves4 ,/rictly speak+1 !re is only "o ?+ & "o action4 ,! univ]se1 or ,god1 & ! action ( ! univ]se z a :ole4 ,la/ly1 ,i may pr$ict ) "s c]ta9ty t be=e long we %all f9d ! orig9al ,d>w9ism ( ,dr4 ,erasmus ,d>w9 7) an infusion ( ,pr(essor ,h]+ into ! b>ga97 g5]ally accept$ in/ead ( ! neo- ,d>w9ism ( to-day1 & t ! v>iations ^: accumulation results 9 species w be recognis$ z due to ! wants & endeav\rs ( ! liv+ =ms 9 :i* !y appe>1 in/ead ( be+ ascrib$ to *ance1 or1 9 o!r words1 to unkn[n causes1 z by ,mr4 ,*>les ,d>w9's sy/em4 ,we %all h "s idyllic "y naturali/s br++ up ,dr4 ,erasmus ,d>w9's note on ,trapa natans #bba & ,lam>ck's k9dr$ passage on ! desc5t ( ,ranunculus h$]aceus f ,ranunculus aquatilis #bbb;a z fre% discov]ies1 & be told ) mu* happy simplicity1 t ^? animals & plants :i* h felt ! ne$ ( su* a /ructure h develop$ x1 :ile ^? :i* h n want$ x h gone )\t x4 ,?us x w be decl>$1 e leaf we see ar\nd u1 e /ructure ( ! m9ute/ insect1 w be> witness to ! tru? ( ! great guess ( ! greate/ ( naturali/s conc]n+ ! memory ( liv+ matt]4 #bbb;b ,i d>e say ! public w n object to ?is1 & am v sure t none ( ! admir]s ( ,mr4 ,*>les ,d>w9 or ,mr4 ,wallace w prote/ aga9/ x2 b x may be z well to po9t out t ?is 0 n ! view ( ! matt] tak5 by ,mr4 ,wallace 9 #aheh :5 he & ,mr4 ,d>w9 fir/ came =w>d z prea*]s ( natural selection4 ,at t "t ,mr4 ,wallace saw cle>ly en\gh ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! !ory ( natural selection & t ( ,lam>ck4 ,he wrote3-- ,! hypo!sis ( ,lam>ck--t progressive *anges 9 species h be5 produc$ by ! attempts ( animals to increase ! developm5t ( _! own organs & ?us modify _! /ructure & habits--has be5 repeat$ly & easily refut$ by all writ]s on ! subject ( v>ieties & species1 4 4 4 b ! view "h develop$ r5d]s su* a hypo!sis q unnecess>y 4 4 4 ,! p[]ful retractile talons ( ! falcon & ! cat tribes h n be5 produc$ or increas$ by ! volition ( ^? animals1 4 4 4 nei!r did ! giraffe acquire its long neck by desir+ to rea* ! foliage ( ! m l(ty %rubs1 & con/antly /ret*+ its neck = ?is purpose1 b because any v>ieties :i* occurr$ among its antitypes ) a long] neck ?an usual at once secur$ a fre% range ( pa/ure ov] ! same gr\nd z _! %ort-neck$ companions1 & on ! fir/ sc>city ( food 7 !reby enabl$ to outlive !m 7italics 9 orig9al74 #bbc;a ,?is is absolutely ! neo-,d>w9 doctr9e1 & a d5ial ( ! ma9ly =tuit\s "* ( ! v>iations 9 animal & vegetable =ms cuts at its root4 ,t ,mr4 ,wallace1 aft] ye>s ( reflection1 /ill adh]$ to ?is view1 is prov$ by 8 head+ a repr9t ( ! p>agraph j quot$ f #bbc;b ) ! words ,lam>ck's hypo!sis v diff]5t f t n[ advanc$2 nor d any ( 8 m rec5t works %[ t he has modifi$ 8 op9ion4 ,x %\ld be not$ t ,mr4 ,wallace does n call 8 "w ,contributions to ! ,!ory ( ,evolution1 b to t ( ,natural ,selection4 ,mr4 ,d>w91 ) *>act]i/ic caution1 only commits himself to say+ t ,mr4 ,wallace has arriv$ at almo/ 7italics m9e7 ! same g5]al conclusions z he1 ,mr4 ,d>w91 has done2 #bbc;c b he /ill1 z 9 #ahei1 decl>es t x w\ld be a s]i\s error to suppose t ! great] numb] ( in/9cts h be5 acquir$ by habit 9 "o g5]ation & !n transmitt$ by inh]itance to succe$+ g5]ations1 #bbc;d & he /ill compreh5sively condemns ! well-kn[n doctr9e ( inh]it$ habit1 z advanc$ by ,lam>ck4 #bbd ,z = ! /atem5t 9 ! passage quot$ f ,mr4 ,wallace1 to ! effect t ,lam>ck's hypo!sis has be5 repeat$ly & easily refut$ by all writ]s on ! subject ( v>ieties & species1 x is a v surpris+ "o4 ,i h se>*$ ,evolution lit]ature 9 va9 = any refutation ( ! ,erasmus ,d>w9ian sy/em 7= ?is is :at ,lam>ck's hypo!sis really is71 :i* ne$ make ! def5d]s ( t sy/em at all uneasy4 ,! be/ attempt at an answ] to ,erasmus ,d>w9 t has yet be5 made is ,paley's ,natural ,!ology1 :i* 0 ?r\gh\t obvi\sly writt5 to meet ,buffon & ! ,zoonomia4 ,x is ! mann] ( !ologians to say t su* & su* an objection has be5 refut$ ov] & ov] aga91 )\t at ! same "t tell+ u :5 & :]e2 x is to be regrett$ t ,mr4 ,wallace has "h tak5 a leaf out ( ! !ologians' book4 ,8 /atem5t is "o :i* w n pass mu/] ) ^? :om public op9ion is sure 9 ! end to foll[4 ,did ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c]1 = example1 repeat$ly & easily refute ,lam>ck's hypo!sis 9 8 brilliant article 9 ! ,lead]1 ,m>* #bj1 #aheb8 ,on ! contr>y1 t article is expressly direct$ aga9/ ^? :o cavali]ly reject ! hypo!sis ( ,lam>ck & 8 foll[]s4 ,?is article 0 writt5 six ye>s be=e ! words la/ quot$ f ,mr4 ,wallace2 h[ absolutely1 h[ev]1 does ! ^w cavali]ly apply to !m6 ,does ,isidore ,ge(frey1 aga91 be> ,mr4 ,wallace's ass]tion out bett]8 ,9 #ahei--t is to say b a %ort "t aft] ,mr4 ,wallace _h writt5--he wrote z foll[s3-- ,su* 0 ! language :i* ,lam>ck he>d dur+ 8 protract$ old age1 sadd5$ alike by ! weight ( ye>s & bl9dness2 ?is 0 :at p did n hesitate to utt] ov] 8 grave yet b>ely clos$1 & :at inde$ !y are /ill say+--commonly too )\t any k ( :at ,lam>ck ma9ta9$1 b m]ely repeat+ at secondh& bad c>icatures ( 8 tea*+4 ,:5 w ! "t come :5 we may see ,lam>ck's !ory discuss$--&1 ,i may z well at once say1 refut$ 9 "s important po9ts #bbe;a--) at any rate ! respect due to "o ( ! mo/ illu/ri\s ma/]s ( our sci5ce8 ,& :5 w ?is !ory1 ! h>dihood ( :i* has be5 greatly exagg]at$1 become fre$ f ! int]pretations & comm5t>ies by ! false light ( :i* s _m naturali/s h foll[$ _! op9ion conc]n+ x8 ,if its au?or is to be condemn$1 let x be1 at any rate1 n be=e he has be5 he>d4 #bbe;b ,9 #ahgc ,m4 ,m>t9 publi%$ 8 edition ( ,lam>ck's ,philosophic ,zoologique4 ,he 0 /ill able to say1 )1 ,i believe1 p]fect tru?1 t ,lam>ck's !ory has nev] yet _h ! hon\r ( be+ discuss$ s]i\sly4 #bbe;c ,pr(essor ,huxley 9 8 article on ,evolution is no less cavali] ?an ,mr4 ,wallace4 ,he writes3 #bbe;d-- ,lam>ck introduc$ ! conception ( ! action ( an animal on itself z a factor 9 produc+ modification4 ,lam>ck did no?+ ( ! k9d4 ,x 0 ,buffon & ,dr4 ,d>w9 :o introduc$ ?is1 b m especially ,dr4 ,d>w94 ,! accuracy ( ,pr(essor ,huxley's /atem5ts ab\t ! hi/ory & lit]ature ( evolution is l ! direct int]f]5ce ( ! ,deity--x vani%es :5ev] & :]ev] ,i h occasion to te/ x4 ,b a little consid]ation %[$ 7italics m9e7 t ?\gh ,lam>ck _h seiz$ :at1 z f> z x goes1 is a true cause ( modification1 x is a cause ! actual effects ( :i* are :olly inadequate to acc\nt = any consid]able modification 9 animals1 & :i* c h no influ5ce :atev] 9 ! vegetable _w1 c4 ,i %\ld be v glad to come across "s ( ! little consid]ation :i* w %[ ?is4 ,i h se>*$ = x f> & wide1 & h nev] be5 able to f9d x4 ,i ?9k ,pr(essor ,huxley has be5 ex]cis+ "s ( 8 in]adicable t5d5cy to try to make ?+s cle> 9 ! article on ,evolution1 already s (t5 quot$ f4 ,we f9d him 7p4 #gej7 pooh-pooh+ ,lam>ck1 yet on ! next page he says1 ,h[ f> 'natural selection' suffices = ! production ( species rema9s to be se54 ,& ?is :5 natural selection 0 already s ne>ly ( age6 ,:y1 to ^? :o "k h[ to read betwe5 a philosoph]'s l9es ! s5t5ce comes to v ne>ly ! same z a decl>ation t ! writ] has no great op9ion ( natural selection4 ,pr(essor ,huxley cont9ues1 ,few c d\bt t1 if n ! :ole cause1 x is a v important factor 9 t op]ation4 ,a philosoph]'s words %\ld be weigh$ c>efully1 & :5 ,pr(essor ,huxley says1 few c d\bt1 we mu/ rememb] t he may be includ+ himself among ! few :om he consid]s to h ! p[] ( d\bt+ on ?is matt]4 ,he does n say few w1 b few c d\bt1 z ?\gh x 7 only ! enlight5$ :o w\ld h ! p[] ( do+ s4 ,c]ta9ly nature--= t is :at natural selection comes to--is r an important factor 9 ! op]ation1 b we d n ga9 mu* by be+ told s4 ,if h[ev]1 ,pr(essor ,huxley nei!r believes 9 ! orig9 ( species1 ?r\gh s5se ( ne$ on ! "p ( animals !mselves1 nor yet 9 natural selection1 we %\ld be glad to "k :at he does believe 94 ,! battle is "o ( great] importance ?an appe>s at fir/ sight4 ,x is a battle betwe5 teleology & non-teleology1 betwe5 ! purposiv5ess & ! non-purposiv5ess ( ! organs 9 animal & vegetable bodies4 ,accord+ to ,erasmus ,d>w91 ,lam>ck1 & ,paley1 organs are purposive2 accord+ to ,mr4 ,d>w9 & 8 foll[]s1 !y are n purposive4 ,b ! ma9 argum5ts aga9/ ! sy/em ( ,dr4 ,erasmus ,d>w9 are argum5ts :i*1 s f> z !y h any weight1 tell aga9/ evolution g5]ally4 ,n[ t ^! h be5 dispos$ (1 & ! prejudice aga9/ evolution has be5 ov]come1 x w be se5 t !re is no?+ to be said aga9/ ! sy/em ( ,erasmus ,d>w9 & ,lam>ck :i* does n tell ) f> great] =ce aga9/ t ( ,mr4 ,*>les ,d>w9 & ,mr4 ,wallace4 ,,rem>ks ,,on ,,mr4 ,,romanes' ,,m5tal ,,evolution ,,9 ,,animals4 #bbh;a ,i h said on page #if ( ?is book t ! ^w h]$ity may be a v good way ( /at+ ! difficulty :i* meets u :5 we obs]ve ! reappe>ance ( l *>act]i/ics1 :e!r ( body or m9d1 9 successive g5]ations1 b t x does no?+ :atev] t[>ds remov+ x4 ,x is "h t ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c]1 ! late ,mr4 ,g4 ,h4 ,lewes1 & ,mr4 ,romanes fail4 ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c] does inde$ g s f> 9 "o place z to call in/9ct organis$ memory1 #bbh;b & ,mr4 ,g4 ,h4 ,lewes attributes _m in/9cts to :at he calls ! laps+ ( intellig5ce4 #bbh;c ,s does ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c]1 #bbh;d :om ,mr4 ,romanes %\ld h kn[n t ,mr4 ,lewis 0 foll[+4 ,mr4 ,romanes1 9 8 rec5t "w1 ,m5tal ,evolution 9 ,animals 7,novemb]1 #ahhc71 endorses ?is1 & frequ5tly uses su* expressions z ! lifetime ( ! species1 #bbh;e h]$it>y exp]i5ce1 #bbh;f & h]$it>y memory & in/9ct1 #bbh;g b none ( ^! writ]s 7& inde$ no writ] t ,i "k ( except ,pr(essor ,h]+ ( ,prague1 = a translation ( ^: address on ?is subject ,i mu/ ref] ! read] to my book ,unconsci\s ,memory7 has %[n a compreh5sion ( ! fact t ^! expressions are unexpla9$ s long z h]$ity1 :]eby !y expla9 !m1 is unexpla9$2 & none ( !m sees ! importance ( emphasiz+ ,memory1 & mak+ x z x 7 ! key/one ( ! sy/em4 ,mr4 ,sp5c] may v well call in/9ct organis$ memory if he means t (fspr+ c rememb]--)9 ! limitations to :i* all memory is subject--:at happ5$ to x :ile x 0 yet 9 ! p]son or p]sons ( its p>5t or p>5ts2 b if he does n mean ?is1 8 use ( ! ^w memory1 8 talk ab\t ! exp]i5ce ( ! race1 & o!r expressions ( k9dr$ nature1 are delusive4 ,if he does mean ?is1 x is a pity he has n[h]e said s4 ,pr(essor ,h]+ does mean ?is1 & makes x cle> t he does s4 ,he does n cat* ! ball & let x slip ?r\gh 8 f+]s aga91 b holds x firmly4 ,x is to memory1 he says1 t we owe almo/ all t we h or are2 our ideas & conceptions are its "w2 our e ?\ght & movem5t are d]iv$ f ?is s\rce4 ,memory connects ! c\ntless ph5om5a ( our exi/5ce into a s+le :ole1 & z our bodies w\ld be scatt]$ into ! du/ ( _! compon5t atoms if !y 7 n held toge!r by ! cohesion ( matt]1 s our consci\sness w\ld be brok5 up into z _m mom5ts z we _h liv$ seconds1 b = ! b9d+ & unify+ =ce ( ,memory4 #bbi ,& he proce$s to %[ t ,memory p]si/s betwe5 g5]ations exactly z x does betwe5 ! v>i\s /ages 9 ! life ( ! individual4 ,if ,i c\ld f9d any su* passage z ! "o ,i h j quot$1 9 ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c]'s1 ,mr4 ,lewes's1 or ,mr4 ,romanes' works1 ,i %\ld be only too glad to quote x1 b ,i "k ( no?+ comp>able to x = def9it5ess ( idea1 ?or\ghness & consi/5cy4 ,no read] inde$ c rise f a p]usal ( ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c]'s1 or ,mr4 ,g4 ,h4 ,lewes'1 "w ) an adequate--if inde$ ) any--impression t ! ph5om5a ( h]$ity are 9 fact ph5om5a ( memory2 t h]$ity1 :e!r z reg>ds body or m9d1 is only possible because ea* g5]ation is l9k$ on to & made "o ) its pr$ecessor by ! possession ( a common & abid+ memory1 9 z f> z bodily exi/5ce 0 common--t is to say1 until ! sub/ance ( ! "o left ! sub/ance ( ! o!r2 & t ?is memory is exactly ( ! same g5]al "* z t :i* enables u to rememb] :at we did half an h\r ago--/rong "u ! same circum/ances z ^? "u :i* ?is famili> k9d ( memory is /rong1 & weak "u ^? "u :i* x is weak4 ,mr4 ,sp5c] & ,mr4 ,lewes h ev5 less conception ( ! connection betwe5 h]$ity & memory ?an ,dr4 ,erasmus ,d>w9 _h at ! close ( ! la/ c5tury4 #bcj ,mr4 ,lewes' position 0 briefly ?is4 ,he d5i$ t !re c\ld be any k indep5d5t ( exp]i5ce1 b he c\ld n help see+ t "y animals come into ! _w furni%$ ) _m organs :i* !y use ) great dext]ity at a v e>ly age4 ,?is looks z if !y are act+ on k acquir$ indep5d5tly ( exp]i5ce4 ,no1 says ,mr4 ,lewes1 n s4 ,!y are born ) ! organs--,i _c tell h[ or :y1 b h]$ity expla9s all t1 & hav+ once got ! organs1 ! objects t come into contact ) !m 9 daily life naturally produce ! same effect z on ! p>5ts1 j z oxyg5 com+ into contact ) ! "r quantity ( hydrog5 w make wat]2 h5ce ev5 ! fir/ "t ! (fspr+ come into contact ) any giv5 object !y act z _! p>5ts did4 ,! idea ( ! "y hav+ got _! exp]i5ce 9 a pa/ g5]ation does n seem to h ev5 cross$ 8 m9d4 ,:at m>vel is !re1 he asks1 t con/ant conditions act+ ^u /ructures :i* are simil> %\ld produce simil> results8 ,x is 9 ?is s5se t ! p>adox ( ,leibnitz is true1 & we c be said 'to acquire an innate idea2' only ! idea is n acquir$ indep5d5tly ( exp]i5ce1 b ?r\gh ! process ( exp]i5ce simil> to t :i* orig9ally produc$ x4 #bca;a ,! impression left ^u me is t he is all at sea = want ( ! clue ) :i* ,pr(essor ,h]+ w\ld h furni%$ him1 & t _h t clue be5 pres5t$ to him a doz5 ye>s or s e>li] ?an x 0 he w\ld h adopt$ x4 ,z reg>ds ,mr4 ,romanes ! case is diff]5t4 ,8 rec5t "w1 ,m5tal ,evolution 9 ,animals1 #bca;b %[s t he is well aw>e ( ! direction :i* mod]n op9ion is tak+1 & 9 sev]al places he s writes z to w>rant me 9 claim+ 8 au?ority 9 support ( ! views :i* ,i h be5 insi/+ on = sev]al ye>s pa/4 ,?us ,mr4 ,romanes says t ! analogies betwe5 ! memory ) :i* we are famili> 9 daily life & h]$it>y memory are s num]\s & precise z to ju/ify u 9 consid]+ !m to be ( ess5tially ! same k9d4 #bcb;a ,aga9 he says t al?\gh ! memory ( milk %[n by new-born infants is at all ev5ts 9 l>ge "p h]$it>y1 x is none ! less memory ( a c]ta9 k9d4 #bcb;b ,two l9es l[] d[n he writes ( h]$it>y memory or in/9ct1 !reby imply+ t in/9ct is h]$it>y memory4 ,x makes no ess5tial diff]5ce1 he says1 :e!r ! pa/ s5sation 0 actually exp]i5c$ by ! individual itself1 or bequea!d x1 s to speak1 by its ance/ors4 #bcb;c ,= x makes no ess5tial diff]5ce :e!r ! n]v\s *anges 4 4 4 7 occasion$ dur+ ! lifetime ( ! individual or dur+ t ( ! species1 & aft]w>ds impress$ by h]$ity on ! individual4 ,l[] d[n on ! same page he writes3-- ,z %[+ h[ close is ! connection betwe5 h]$it>y memory & in/9ct1 c4 ,& on ! foll[+ page3-- ,& ?is %[s h[ closely ! ph5om5a ( h]$it>y memory are relat$ to ^? ( individual memory3 at ?is /age 4 4 4 x is practically impossible to dis5tangle ! effects ( h]$it>y memory f ^? ( ! individual4 ,aga93-- ,ano!r po9t :i* we h "h to consid] is ! "p :i* h]$ity has play$ 9 =m+ ! p]ceptive faculty ( ! individual prior to its own exp]i5ce4 ,we h already se5 t h]$ity plays an important "p 9 =m+ memory ( ance/ral exp]i5ces1 & ?us x is t _m animals come into ! _w ) _! p[] ( p]ception already l>gely develop$4 4 4 4 ,! weal? ( ready-=m$ in=mation1 & !re=e ( ready-made p[]s ( p]ception1 ) :i* _m newly-born or newly-hat*$ animals are provid$1 is s great & s precise t x sc>cely requires to be supplem5t$ by ! subsequ5t exp]i5ce ( ! individual4 #bcc;a ,aga93-- ,in/9cts probably owe _! orig9 & developm5t to "o or o!r ( two pr9ciples4 ,i4 ,! fir/ mode ( orig9 consi/s 9 natural selection or survival ( ! fitte/1 cont9u\sly pres]v+ actions1 c4 c4 4 4 4 ,,ii4 ,! second mode ( orig9 is z foll[s3--,by ! effects ( habit 9 successive g5]ations1 actions :i* 7 orig9ally intellig5t become z x 7 /]eotyp$ into p]man5t in/9cts4 ,j z 9 ! lifetime ( ! individual adju/ive actions :i* 7 orig9ally intellig5t may by frequ5t repetition become automatic1 s 9 ! lifetime ( species actions orig9ally intellig5t may by frequ5t repetition & h]$ity s write _! effects on ! n]v\s sy/em t ! latt] is prep>$1 ev5 be=e individual exp]i5ce1 to p]=m adju/ive actions me*anically :i* 9 previ\s g5]ations 7 p]=m$ intellig5tly4 ,?is mode ( orig9 ( in/9cts has be5 appropriately call$ 7by ,lewes--see ,problems ( ,life & ,m9d #bcc;b7 ! 'laps+ ( intellig5ce4' #bcc;c ,lat] on3-- ,t 'practice makes p]fect' is a matt]1 z ,i h previ\sly said1 ( daily obs]vation4 ,:e!r we reg>d a juggl]1 a piani/1 or a billi>d-play]1 a *ild le>n+ 8 lesson or an actor 8 "p by frequ5tly repeat+ x1 or a ?\s& o!r illu/rations ( ! same process1 we see at once t !re is tru? 9 ! cynical def9ition ( a man z a 'bundle ( habits4' ,& ! same ( c\rse is true ( animals4 #bcd;a ,f ?is ,mr4 ,romanes goes on to %[ t automatic actions & consci\s habits may be inh]it$1 #bcd;b & 9 ! c\rse ( do+ ?is cont5ds t in/9cts may be lo/ by disuse1 & conv]sely t !y may be acquir$ z in/9cts by ! h]$it>y transmission ( ance/ral exp]i5ce4 #bcd;c ,on ano!r page ,mr4 ,romanes says3-- ,let u n[ turn to ! second ( ^! two assumptions1 viz41 t "s at lea/ among migratory birds mu/ possess1 by inh]itance alone1 a v precise k ( ! p>ticul> direction to be pursu$4 ,x is )\t "q an a/oni%+ fact t a "y cuckoo %\ld be prompt$ to leave its fo/] p>5ts at a p>ticul> season ( ! ye>1 & )\t any guide to %[ ! c\rse previ\sly tak5 by its own p>5ts1 b ?is is a fact :i* mu/ be met by any !ory ( in/9ct :i* aims at be+ complete4 ,n[ ^u our own !ory x c only be met by tak+ x to be due to inh]it$ memory4 #bcd;d ,mr4 ,romanes says 9 a note t ?is !ory 0 fir/ advanc$ by ,canon ,k+sley 9 ,nature1 ,janu>y #ah1 #ahfg1 a piece ( in=mation :i* ,i le>n = ! fir/ "t2 o!rwise1 z ,i ne$ h>dly say1 ,i %\ld h call$ att5tion to x 9 my own books on evolution4 ,nature did n beg9 to appe> till ! end ( #ahfi1 & ,i c f9d no communication f ,canon ,k+sley be>+ ^u h]$it>y memory 9 any numb] ( ,nature prior to ! date ( ,canon ,k+sley's dea?2 b no d\bt ,mr4 ,romanes has only made a slip 9 8 ref]5ce4 ,mr4 ,romanes also says t ! !ory connect+ in/9ct ) inh]it$ memory has s9ce be5 indep5d5tly 'sugge/$' by _m writ]s4 ,a little l[] ,mr4 ,romanes says3 ,( :at k9d1 !n1 is ! inh]it$ memory on :i* ! "y cuckoo 7if n also o!r migratory birds7 dep5ds8 ,we c only answ]1 ( ! same k9d1 :atev] ?is may be1 z t ^u :i* ! old bird dep5ds4 #bce ,i h giv5 above mo/ ( ! m m>k$ passages :i* ,i h be5 able to f9d 9 ,mr4 ,romanes' book :i* attribute in/9ct to memory1 & :i* admit t !re is no fundam5tal diff]5ce betwe5 ! k9d ( memory ) :i* we are all famili> & h]$it>y memory z transmitt$ f "o g5]ation to ano!r4 ,b ?r\gh\t 8 "w !re are passages :i* sugge/1 ?\gh less obvi\sly1 ! same inf]5ce4 ,! passages ,i h quot$ %[ t ,mr4 ,romanes is uphold+ ! same op9ions z ,pr(essor ,h]+'s & my own1 b _! effect & t5d5cy is m pla9 "h ?an 9 ,mr4 ,romanes' own book1 :]e !y are ov]laid by ne>ly #djj long pages ( matt] :i* is n always easy ( compreh5sion4 ,! late ,mr4 ,d>w9 himself1 inde$--^: mantle seems to h fall5 m especially & p>ticul>ly on ,mr4 ,romanes--c\ld n contradict himself m hopelessly ?an ,mr4 ,romanes (t5 does4 ,inde$ 9 "o ( ! v passages ,i h quot$ 9 ord] to %[ t ,mr4 ,romanes accepts ! ph5om5a ( h]$ity z ph5om5a ( memory1 he speaks ( h]$ity z play+ an important "p 9 =m+ memory ( ance/ral exp]i5ces2 s t :]eas ,i want him to say t ! ph5om5a ( h]$ity are due to memory1 he w h x t ! memory is due to ! h]$ity1 #bcf;a :i* seems to me absurd4 ,ov] & ov] aga9 ,mr4 ,romanes insi/s t x is h]$ity :i* does ?is or t4 ,?us x is h]$ity ) natural selection :i* adapt ! anatomical plan ( ! ganglia4 #bcf;b ,x is h]$ity :i* impresses n]v\s *anges on ! individual4 #bcf;c ,9 ! lifetime ( species actions orig9ally intellig5t may by frequ5t repetition & h]$ity1 c4 #bcf;d2 b he n[h]e tells u :at h]$ity is any m ?an ,messrs4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c]1 ,d>w91 & ,lewes h done4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is1 exactly :at ,pr(essor ,h]+1 :om ,i h unwitt+ly foll[$1 does4 ,he resolves all ph5om5a ( h]$ity1 :e!r 9 respect ( body or m9d1 into ph5om5a ( memory4 ,he says 9 effect1 ,a man gr[s 8 body z he does1 & a bird makes h] ne/ z %e does1 because bo? man & bird rememb] hav+ gr[n body & made ne/ z !y n[ d1 or v ne>ly s1 on innum]able pa/ occasions4 ,he ?us r$uces life f an equation ( say #ajj unkn[n quantities to "o ( #ii only by %[+ t h]$ity & memory1 two ( ! orig9al #ajj unkn[n quantities1 are 9 reality "p ( "o & ! same ?+4 ,t he is "r ,mr4 ,romanes seems to me to admit1 ?\gh 9 a v unsatisfactory way4 ,,rem>ks ,,on ,,mr4 ,,romanes' ,,m5tal ,,evolution ,,9 ,,animals--7cont9u$74 ,i w give examples ( my mean+4 ,mr4 ,romanes says on an e>ly page1 ,! mo/ fundam5tal pr9ciple ( m5tal op]ation is t ( memory1 = ?is is ! conditio s9e qua non ( all m5tal life 7page #ce74 ,i d n und]/& ,mr4 ,romanes to hold t !re is any liv+ be+ :i* has no m9d at all1 & ,i d und]/& him to admit t developm5t ( body & m9d are closely int]dep5d5t4 ,if !n1 ! mo/ fundam5tal pr9ciple ( m9d is memory1 x foll[s t memory ent]s also z a fundam5tal pr9ciple into developm5t ( body4 ,= m9d & body are s closely connect$ t no?+ c ent] l>gely into ! "o )\t correspond+ly affect+ ! o!r4 ,on a lat] page1 inde$1 ,mr4 ,romanes speaks po9t-blank ( ! new-born *ild z embody+ ! results ( a great mass ( h]$it>y exp]i5ce 7p4 #gg71 s t :at he is driv+ at c be collect$ by ^? :o take tr\ble1 b is n se5 until we call up f our own k matt] ^: relevancy does n appe> on ! face ( x1 & until we connect passages _m pages asund]1 ! fir/ ( :i* may easily be =gott5 be=e we rea* ! second4 ,!re c be no d\bt1 h[ev]1 t ,mr4 ,romanes does 9 reality1 l ,pr(essor ,h]+ & myself1 reg>d developm5t1 :e!r ( m9d or body1 z due to memory1 = x is nons5se inde$ to talk ab\t h]$it>y exp]i5ce or h]$it>y memory if any?+ else is int5d$4 ,i h said above t on page #aac ( 8 rec5t "w ,mr4 ,romanes decl>es ! analogies betwe5 ! memory ) :i* we are famili> 9 daily life1 & h]$it>y memory1 to be s num]\s & precise z to ju/ify u 9 consid]+ !m z ( "o & ! same k9d4 ,?is is c]ta9ly 8 mean+1 b1 ) ! exception ( ! words )9 inv]t$ commas1 x is n 8 language4 ,8 own words are ^!3-- ,pr(\nd1 h[ev]1 z our ignorance unque/ionably is conc]n+ ! physical sub/ratum ( memory1 ,i ?9k we are at lea/ ju/ifi$ 9 reg>d+ ?is sub/ratum z ! same bo? 9 ganglionic or organic1 & 9 consci\s or psy*ological memory1 see+ t ! analogies betwe5 !m are s num]\s & precise4 ,consci\sness is b an adjunct :i* arises :5 ! physical processes1 ow+ to infrequ5cy ( repetition1 complexity ( op]ation1 or o!r causes1 involve :at ,i h be=e call$ ganglionic friction4 ,i submit t ,i h correctly translat$ ,mr4 ,romanes' mean+1 & also t we h a "r to compla9 ( 8 n say+ :at he has to say 9 words :i* w involve less ganglionic friction on ! "p ( ! read]4 ,ano!r example may be f\nd on p4 #dc ( ,mr4 ,romanes' book4 ,la/ly1 he writes1 j z innum]able special me*anisms ( muscul> co-ord9ations are f\nd to be inh]it$1 innum]able special associations ( ideas are f\nd to be ! same1 & 9 "o case z 9 ! o!r ! /r5g? ( ! organically impos$ connection is f\nd to be> a direct proportion to ! frequ5cy ) :i* 9 ! hi/ory ( ! species x has occurr$4 ,mr4 ,romanes is "h int5d+ :at ! read] w f9d insi/$ on on p4 #ih ( ! pres5t volume2 b h[ difficult he has made :at c\ld h be5 said intelligibly en\gh1 if !re _h be5 no?+ b ! read]'s com=t to be consid]$4 ,un=tunately t seems to h be5 by no means ! only ?+ ( :i* ,mr4 ,romanes 0 ?9k+1 or :y1 aft] imply+ & ev5 say+ ov] & ov] aga9 t in/9ct is inh]it$ habit due to inh]it$ memory1 %\ld he turn %>ply r\nd on p4 #big & praise ,mr4 ,d>w9 = try+ to snuff out ! well-kn[n doctr9e ( inh]it$ habit z advanc$ by ,lam>ck8 ,! answ] is n f> to seek4 ,x is because ,mr4 ,romanes did n m]ely want to tell u all ab\t in/9ct1 b want$ also1 if ,i may use a homely metaphor1 to hunt ) ! h\nds & run ) ! h>e at "o & ! same "t4 ,i rememb] say+ t if ! late ,mr4 ,d>w9 _h told u :at ! e>li] evolutioni/s said1 :y !y said x1 :]e9 he diff]$ f !m1 & 9 :at way he propos$ to set !m /raight1 he w\ld h tak5 a c\rse at once m agreeable ) usual practice1 & m likely to remove misconception f 8 own m9d & f ^? ( 8 read]s4 #bci ,?is ,i h no d\bt 0 "o ( ! passages :i* made ,mr4 ,romanes s angry ) me4 ,i c f9d no bett] words to apply to ,mr4 ,romanes himself4 ,he kn[s p]fectly well :at o!rs h writt5 ab\t ! connection betwe5 h]$ity & memory1 & he kn[s no less well t s f> z he is intelligible at all he is tak+ ! same view t !y h tak54 ,if he _h begun by say+ :at !y _h said & _h !n improv$ on x1 ,i = "o %\ld h be5 only too glad to be improv$ ^u4 ,mr4 ,romanes has spoil$ 8 book j because ?is pla9 old-fa%ion$ me?od ( proc$ure 0 n good en\gh = him4 ,"o-half ! obscurity :i* makes 8 mean+ s h>d to appreh5d is due to exactly ! same cause z t :i* has ru9$ s mu* ( ! late ,mr4 ,d>w9's "w--,i mean to a desire to appe> to be diff]+ altoge!r f o!rs ) :om he knew himself aft] all to be 9 sub/antial agreem5t4 ,he adopts1 b 7probably q unconsci\sly7 9 8 anxiety to avoid appe>+ to adopt1 he obscures :at he is adopt+4 ,"h1 = example1 is ,mr4 ,romanes' def9ition ( in/9ct3-- ,in/9ct is reflex action into :i* !re is import$ ! elem5t ( consci\sness4 ,! t]m is !re=e a g5]ic "o1 compris+ all ^? faculties ( m9d :i* are conc]n$ 9 consci\s & adaptive action1 antec$5t to individual exp]i5ce1 )\t necess>y k ( ! relation betwe5 means employ$ & ends atta9$1 b simil>ly p]=m$ "u simil> & frequ5tly recurr+ circum/ances by all ! individuals ( ! same species4 #bdj ,if ,mr1 ,romanes w\ld h be5 cont5t to build frankly ^u ,pr(essor ,h]+'s f\ndation1 ! s\ndness ( :i* he has else:]e abundantly admitt$1 he might h said-- ,in/9ct is k or habit acquir$ 9 pa/ g5]ations--! new g5]ation rememb]+ :at happ5$ to x be=e x p>t$ company ) ! old4 ,!n he might h add$ z a rid]-- ,if a habit is acquir$ z a new "o1 dur+ any giv5 lifetime1 x is n an in/9ct4 ,if hav+ be5 acquir$ 9 "o lifetime x is transmitt$ to (fspr+1 x is an in/9ct 9 ! (fspr+ ?\gh x 0 n an in/9ct 9 ! p>5t4 ,if ! habit is transmitt$ p>tially1 x mu/ be consid]$ z p>tly in/9ctive & p>tly acquir$4 ,?is is easy2 x tells p h[ !y may te/ any action s z to "k :at !y ought to call x2 x leaves well alone by avoid+ all su* debatable matt]s z reflex action1 consci\sness1 intellig5ce1 purpose1 k ( purpose1 c42 x bo? introduces ! feature ( inh]itance :i* is ! "o ma9ly di/+ui%+ in/9ctive f s-call$ intellig5t actions1 & %[s ! mann] 9 :i* ^! la/ pass into ! fir/1 t is to say1 by way ( memory & habitual repetition2 f9ally x po9ts ! fact t ! new g5]ation is n to be look$ ^u z a new ?+1 b 7z ,dr4 ,erasmus ,d>w9 long s9ce said #bda7 z a bran* or elongation ( ! "o imm$iately prec$+ x4 ,b !n to h said ?is w\ld h made x too pla9 t ,mr4 ,romanes 0 foll[+ "s "o else4 ,mr4 ,romanes %\ld rememb] t no "o w\ld m9d h[ mu* he took if he w\ld only take x well4 ,b ?is is :at ^? :o take )\t due ackn[l$gm5t nev] d4 ,9 ,mr4 ,d>w9's case x is h>dly possible to exagg]ate ! wa/e ( "t1 money1 & tr\ble t has be5 caus$ by 8 n hav+ be5 cont5t to appe> z desc5d+ ) modification l o!r p f ^? :o w5t be=e him4 ,x w take ye>s to get ! evolution !ory out ( ! mess 9 :i* ,mr4 ,d>w9 has left x4 ,he 0 heir to a discr$it$ tru?2 he left beh9d him an accr$it$ fallacy4 ,mr4 ,romanes1 if he is n /opp$ 9 "t1 w get ! !ory connect+ h]$ity & memory into j su* ano!r muddle z ,mr4 ,d>w9 has got ,evolution1 = surely ! writ] :o c talk ab\t h]$ity be+ able to "w up ! faculty ( hom+ into ! in/9ct ( migration1 #bdb;a or ( ! pr9ciple ( 7natural7 selection comb9+ ) t ( laps+ intellig5ce to ! =mation ( a jo9t result1 #bdb;b is little likely to dep>t f ! usual me?ods ( sci5tific proc$ure ) advantage ei!r to himself or any "o else4 ,=tunately ,mr4 ,romanes is n ,mr4 ,d>w91 & ?\gh he has c]ta9ly got ,mr4 ,d>w9's mantle1 & got x v mu* too1 x w n on ,mr4 ,romanes' %\ld]s hide a good deal t p 7 n go+ to obs]ve too closely :ile ,mr4 ,d>w9 wore x4 ,,rem>ks ,,on ,,mr4 ,,romanes' ,,m5tal ,,evolution ,,9 ,,animals--7conclud$74 ,i ga!r t 9 ! end ! late ,mr4 ,d>w9 himself admitt$ ! s\ndness ( ! view :i* ! read] w h f\nd insi/$ ^u 9 ! extracts f my e>li] books giv5 9 ?is volume4 ,mr4 ,romanes quotes a lett] writt5 by ,mr4 ,d>w9 9 ! la/ ye> ( 8 life1 9 :i* he speaks ( an intellig5t action gradually becom+ in/9ctive1 i4e41 memory transmitt$ f "o g5]ation to ano!r4 #bdc;a ,briefly1 ! /ages ( ,mr4 ,d>w9's op9ion ^u ! subject ( h]$it>y memory are z foll[s3-- #ahei4 ,x w\ld be ! mo/ s]i\s error to suppose t ! great] numb] ( in/9cts h be5 acquir$ by habit 9 "o g5]ation & transmitt$ by inh]itance to succe$+ g5]ations4 #bdc;b ,& ?is m especially applies to ! in/9cts ( _m ants4 #ahgf4 ,x w\ld be a s]i\s error to suppose c41 z be=e4 #bdc;c #ahha4 ,we %\ld rememb] :at a mass ( inh]it$ k is cr[d$ into ! m9ute bra9 ( a work] ant4 #bdc;d #ahha or #ahhb4 ,speak+ ( a giv5 habitual action ,mr4 ,d>w9 writes3--,x does n seem to me at all incr$ible t ?is action & :y ?is m ?an any o!r habitual action8 %\ld !n become in/9ctive3 i4e41 memory transmitt$ f "o g5]ation to ano!r4 #bdd;a ,& yet 9 #ahci or !reab\ts1 ,mr4 ,d>w9 _h pretty ne>ly grasp$ ! conception f :i* until ! la/ ye> or two ( 8 life he s fatally /ray$2 = 9 8 contribution to ! volumes giv+ an acc\nt ( ! voyages ( ! ,adv5ture & ,beagle1 he wrote3 ,nature by mak+ habit omnipot5t & its effects h]$it>y1 has fitt$ ! ,fuegian = ! climate & productions ( 8 c\ntry 7p4 #bcg74 ,:at is ! secret ( ! long dep>ture f ! simple common-s5se view ( ! matt] :i* he took :5 he 0 a "y man8 ,i imag9e simply :at ,i h ref]r$ to 9 ! prec$+ *apt]1--ov]-anxiety to appe> to be diff]+ f 8 gr&fa!r1 ,dr4 ,erasmus ,d>w91 & ,lam>ck4 ,i believe ,i may say t ,mr4 ,d>w9 be=e he di$ n only admitt$ ! connection betwe5 memory & h]$ity1 b came also to see t he mu/ readmit t design 9 organism :i* he _h s _m ye>s oppos$4 ,= 9 ! preface to ,h]mann ,mull]'s ,f]tilisation ( ,fl[]s1 #bdd;b :i* be>s a date only a v few weeks prior to ,mr4 ,d>w9's dea?1 ,i f9d him say+3--,design 9 nature has = a long "t deeply int]e/$ _m m51 & ?\gh ! subject mu/ n[ be look$ at f a some:at diff]5t po9t ( view f :at 0 =m]ly ! case1 x is n on t acc\nt r5d]$ less int]e/+4 ,?is is mus$ =? z a g5]al gnome1 & may mean any?+ or no?+3 ! writ] ( ! lett]press "u ! hi]oglyph 9 ,old ,moore's ,almanac c\ld n be m gu>d$2 b ,i ?9k ,i "k :at x does mean4 ,i _c ( c\rse be sure2 ,mr4 ,d>w9 did n probably int5d t ,i %\ld2 b ,i assume ) confid5ce t :e!r !re is design 9 organism or no1 !re is at any rate design 9 ?is passage ( ,mr4 ,d>w9's4 ,?is1 we may be sure1 is n a =tuit\s v>iation2 & moreov] x is introduc$ = "s reason :i* made ,mr4 ,d>w9 ?9k x wor? :ile to g out ( 8 way to introduce x4 ,x has no fitness 9 its connection ) ,h]mann ,mull]'s book1 = :at little ,h]mann ,mull] says ab\t teleology at all is to condemn x2 :y !n %\ld ,mr4 ,d>w9 muse "h ( all places 9 ! _w ab\t ! int]e/ atta*+ to design 9 organism8 ,nei!r has ! passage any connection ) ! re/ ( ! preface4 ,!re is n ano!r ^w ab\t design1 & ev5 "h ,mr4 ,d>w9 seems ma9ly anxi\s to face bo? ways1 & pat design z x 7 on ! head :ile n committ+ himself to any proposition :i* c\ld be disput$4 ,! explanation is suffici5tly obvi\s4 ,mr4 ,d>w9 want$ to h$ge4 ,he saw t ! design :i* 8 works _h be5 ma9ly in/rum5tal 9 pit*=k+ out ( organisms no less manife/ly design$ ?an a burgl>'s jemmy is design$1 _h nev]!less f\nd its way back aga91 & t ?\gh1 z ,i insi/$ 9 ,evolution1 ,old & ,new1 & ,unconsci\s ,memory1 x mu/ n[ be plac$ )9 ! organism in/ead ( outside x1 z 0 =m]ly ! case1 x 0 n on t acc\nt any ! less--design1 z well z int]e/+4 ,i %\ld l to h se5 ,mr4 ,d>w9 say ?is m explicitly4 ,inde$ ,i %\ld h lik$ to h se5 ,mr4 ,d>w9 say any?+ at all ab\t ! mean+ ( :i* !re c\ld be no mi/ake1 & )\t contradict+ himself else:]e2 b ?is 0 n ,mr4 ,d>w9's mann]4 ,9 pass+ ,i w give ano!r example ( ,mr4 ,d>w9's mann] :5 he did n q d>e ev5 to h$ge4 ,x is to be f\nd 9 ! preface :i* he wrote to ,pr(essor ,weismann's ,/udies 9 ! ,!ory ( ,desc5t1 publi%$ 9 #ahhb4 ,sev]al di/+ui%$ naturali/s1 says ,mr4 ,d>w91 ma9ta9 ) mu* confid5ce t organic be+s t5d to v>y & to rise 9 ! scale1 indep5d5tly ( ! conditions to :i* !y & _! prog5itors h be5 expos$2 :il/ o!rs ma9ta9 t all v>iation is due to su* exposure1 ?\gh ! mann] 9 :i* ! environm5t acts is z yet q unkn[n4 ,at ! pres5t "t !re is h>dly any "q 9 biology ( m importance ?an ?is ( ! nature & causes ( v>iability1 & ! read] w f9d 9 ! pres5t "w an able discussion on ! :ole subject :i* w probably lead him to pause be=e he admits ! exi/5ce ( an innate t5d5cy to p]fectibility--or t[>ds1 be+ able to be p]fect$4 ,i c\ld f9d no able discussion ^u ! :ole subject 9 ,pr(essor ,weismann's book4 ,!re 0 a little some?+ "h & !re1 b n mu*4 ,mr ,h]b]t ,sp5c] has n 9 8 m rec5t works said any?+ :i* enables me to appeal to 8 au?ority4 ,i imag9e t if he _h got hold ( ! idea t h]$ity 0 only a mode ( memory be=e #ahgj1 :5 he publi%$ ! second edition ( 8 ,pr9ciples ( ,psy*ology1 he w\ld h gladly adopt$ x1 = he seems cont9ually grop+ aft] x1 & aw>e ( x z ne> him1 ?\gh he is nev] able to grasp x4 ,he probably fail$ to grasp x because ,lam>ck _h fail$4 ,he c\ld n adopt x 9 8 edition ( #ahhj1 = ?is is evid5tly pr9t$ f /]eos tak5 f ! #ahgj edition1 & no consid]able alt]ation 0 !re=e possible4 ,! late ,mr4 ,g4 ,h4 ,lewes did n get hold ( ! memory !ory1 probably because nei!r ,mr4 ,sp5c] nor any ( ! well-kn[n ,g]man philosoph]s _h done s4 ,mr4 ,romanes1 z ,i ?9k ,i h %[n1 actually has adopt$ x1 b he does n say :]e he got x f4 ,i suppose f read+ ,canon ,k+sley 9 ,nature "s ye>s be=e ,nature began to exi/1 or 7= has n ! mantle ( ,mr4 ,d>w9 fall5 ^u him87 he has ?\ght x all out indep5d5tly2 b h[ev] ,mr4 ,romanes may h rea*$ 8 conclusion1 he mu/ h done s comp>atively rec5tly1 = :5 he review$ my book1 ,unconsci\s ,memory1 #bdg he sc(f$ at ! v !ory :i* he is n[ adopt+4 ,( ! view t !re is ?us a race memory1 z !re is an individual memory1 & t ! expression ( ! =m] con/itutes ! ph5om5a ( h]$ity--= x is ?us ,mr4 ,romanes ) fair accuracy describes ! !ory ,i 0 support+--he wrote3 ,n[ ?is view1 9 :i* ,mr4 ,butl] 0 anticipat$ by ,pr(4 ,h]+1 is int]e/+ if advanc$ m]ely z an illu/ration2 b to imag9e t x ma9ta9s any tru? ( pr(\nd significance1 or t x c possibly be fraught ) any b5efit to sci5ce1 is simply absurd4 ,! mo/ cursory ?\ght is en\gh to %[1 c4 c4 ,we c und]/&1 he cont9u$1 9 "s measure h[ an alt]ation 9 bra9 /ructure :5 once made %\ld be p]man5t1 4 4 4 b we _c und]/& h[ ?is alt]ation is transmitt$ to prog5y ?r\gh /ructures s unlike ! bra9 z are ! products ( ! g5]ative gl&s4 ,& we m]ely /ultify ourselves if we suppose t ! problem is br\ght any ne>] to a solution by ass]t+ t a future individual :ile /ill 9 ! g]m has already p>ticipat$1 say 9 ! c]ebral alt]ations ( its p>5ts1 c4 ,mr4 ,romanes c\ld f9d no measure ( abuse /rong en\gh = me1--z any read] may see :o feels curi\s en\gh to turn to ,mr4 ,romanes' article 9 ,nature already ref]r$ to4 ,z = ,evolution1 ,old & ,new1 he said ,i _h writt5 x 9 ! hope ( ga9+ "s notoriety by des]v+ & p]haps receiv+ a contemptu\s refutation f ,mr4 ,d>w94 #bdh;a ,9 my reply to ,mr4 ,romanes ,i said1 ,i w n *>act]ise ?is accusation 9 ! t]ms :i* x m]its4 #bdh;b ,mr4 ,romanes1 9 ! foll[+ numb] ( ,nature1 )drew 8 accusation & imm$iately add$1 ,i 0 induc$ to advance x because x seem$ ! only rational motive t c\ld h l$ to ! publication ( su* a book4 ,aga9 ,i w n *>act]ise su* a )drawal 9 ! t]ms x m]its1 b ,i may say 9 pass+ t if ,mr4 ,romanes ?9ks ! motive he assign$ to me a rational "o1 8 view ( :at is rational & m9e diff]4 ,x does n comm5d itself z rational to me1 t a man %\ld sp5d a good deal ( money & two or ?ree ye>s ( "w 9 ! hope ( des]v+ a contemptu\s refutation f any "o--n ev5 f ,mr4 ,d>w94 ,b !n ,mr4 ,romanes has writt5 su* a lot ab\t reason & intellig5ce4 ,! reply to ,evolution1 ,old & ,new1 :i* ,i actually did get f ,mr4 ,d>w91 0 "o :i* ,i d n see adv]tis$ among ,mr4 ,d>w9's o!r works n[1 & :i* ,i v5ture to say nev] w be adv]tis$ among !m aga9--n at lea/ until x has be5 alt]$4 ,i h se5 no reason to leave (f adv]tis+ ,evolution1 ,old & ,new1 & ,unconsci\s ,memory4 ,i h nev] t ,i "k ( se5 ,mr4 ,romanes1 b am told t he is /ill "y4 ,i c f9d no publication ( 8 index$ 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,catalogue e>li] ?an #ahgd1 & !n x 0 only ab\t ,*ri/ian ,pray]4 ,mr4 ,romanes 0 good en\gh to advise me to turn pa9t] or homoeopa?i/2 #bdi z he has introduc$ ! subject1 & consid]+ h[ _m ye>s ,i am 8 s5ior1 ,i might be ju/ifi$ 7if x c\ld be any pleasure to me to d s7 9 sugge/+ to him too :at ,i %\ld imag9e mo/ likely to t5d to 8 advancem5t 9 life2 b !re are examples s bad t ev5 ^? :o h no wi% to be any bett] ?an _! neighb\rs may yet decl9e to foll[ !m1 & ,i ?9k ,mr4 ,romanes' is "o ( ^!4 ,i w n !re=e f9d him a pr(ession4 ,b leav+ ?is matt] on "o side1 ! po9t ,i wi% to insi/ on is t ,mr4 ,romanes is say+ almo/ 9 my own words :at less ?an ?ree ye>s ago he 0 v angry ) me = say+4 ,i d n ?9k t "u ^! circum/ances mu* explanation is necess>y z to ! reasons :i* h l$ ,mr4 ,romanes to fight s %y ( any ref]5ce to ,life & ,habit1 ,evolution1 ,old & ,new1 & ,unconsci\s ,memory--works 9 :i*1 if ,i may v5ture to say s1 ! !ory connect+ ! ph5om5a ( h]$ity ) memory has be5 n only sugge/$1 b s f> e/abli%$ t ev5 ,mr4 ,romanes has be5 l$ to ?9k ! matt] ov] indep5d5tly & to arrive at ! same g5]al conclusion z myself4 ,curi\sly en\gh1 ,mr4 ,grant ,all5 too has come to mu* ! same conclusions z myself1 aft] hav+ attack$ me1 ?\gh n s fi]cely1 z ,mr4 ,romanes has done4 ,9 #ahgi he said 9 ! ,exam9] 7,may #ag7 t ! teleological view put =w>d 9 ,evolution1 ,old & ,new1 0 j ! sort ( my/ical nons5se f :i* he _h hop$ ,mr4 ,d>w9 _h = ev] sav$ u4 ,& s 9 ! ,academy on ! same day he said t no "o-sid$ argum5t 7ref]r+ to ,evolution1 ,old & ,new7 c\ld ev] deprive ,mr4 ,d>w9 ( ! place :i* he _h et]nally won 9 ! hi/ory ( human ?\ght by 8 magnific5t a*ievem5t4 ,a few ye>s1 & ,mr4 ,all5 ent]ta9s a v diff]5t op9ion ( ,mr4 ,d>w9's magnific5t a*ievem5t4 ,!re are only two conceivable ways1 he writes1 9 :i* any increm5t ( bra9 p[] c ev] h aris5 9 any individual4 ,! "o is ! ,d>w9ian way1 by 'spontane\s v>iation1' t is to say by v>iation due to m9ute physical circum/ances affect+ ! individual 9 ! g]m4 ,! o!r is ! ,sp5c]ian way1 by functional increm5t1 t is to say by ! effect ( increas$ use & con/ant exposure to v>y+ circum/ances dur+ consci\s life4 #bej ,mr4 ,all5 mu/ "k v well1 or if he does n he has no excuse at any rate = n kn[+1 t ! !ory accord+ to :i* increase ( bra9 p[] or any o!r bodily or m5tal p[] is due to use1 is no m ,mr4 ,sp5c]'s ?an ! !ory ( gravitation is1 except 9 s f> z t ,mr4 ,sp5c] has adopt$ x4 ,x is ! !ory :i* e "o except ,mr4 ,all5 associates ) ,erasmus ,d>w9 & ,lam>ck1 b m especially 7& on ! :ole ,i suppose ju/ly7 ) ,lam>ck4 ,i v5ture to ?9k1 cont9ues ,mr4 ,all51 t ! fir/ way ,mr4 ,d>w9's1 if we look x cle>ly 9 ! face1 w be se5 to be practically un?9kable2 & t we h !re=e no alt]native b to accept ! second4 ,^! writ]s g r\nd s quickly & s completely t !re is no keep+ pace ) !m4 ,z to ,mat]ialism1 he writes pres5tly1 surely x is m pr(\ndly mat]iali/ic to suppose t m]e physical causes op]at+ on ! g]m c det]m9e m9ute physical & mat]ial *anges 9 ! bra91 :i* w 9 turn make ! individuality :at x is to be1 ?an to suppose t all bra9s are :at !y are 9 virtue ( antec$5t function4 ,! "o cre$ makes ! man dep5d ma9ly ^u ! accid5ts ( molecul> physics 9 a collid+ g]m cell & sp]m cell2 ! o!r makes him dep5d ma9ly ^u ! do+s & ga9s ( 8 ance/ors z modifi$ & alt]$ by himself4 ,"h is a s5t5ce tak5 almo/ at r&om f ! body ( ! article3-- ,we are always see+ some?+ :i* adds to our total /ock ( memories2 we are always le>n+ & do+ some?+ new4 ,! va/ majority ( ^! exp]i5ces are simil> 9 k9d to ^? already pass$ ?r\gh by our ance/ors3 !y add no?+ to ! inh]itance ( ! race4 4 4 4 ,?\gh !y leave physical traces on ! individual1 !y d n s f> affect ! und]ly+ organisation ( ! bra9 z to make ! developm5t ( aft]-bra9s some:at diff]5t f previ\s ones4 ,b !re are c]ta9 functional activities :i* d t5d s to alt] ! developm5t ( aft]-bra9s2 c]ta9 novel or su/a9$ activities :i* app>5tly result 9 ! production ( new correlat$ bra9 elem5ts or bra9 connections h]$it>ily transmissible z increas$ pot5tialities ( simil> activity 9 ! (fspr+4 ,( ,natural ,selection ,mr4 ,all5 writes mu*1 z ,pr(essor ,miv>t & o!rs h be5 writ+ = _m ye>s pa/4 ,x seems to me1 he says1 easy to und]/& h[ survival ( ! fitte/ may result 9 progress />t+ f su* functionally produc$ ga9s1 b impossible to und]/& h[ x c\ld result 9 progress if x _h to />t 9 m]e accid5tal /ructural increm5ts due to spontane\s v>iation alone4 #beb;a ,mr4 ,all5 may say ?is n[1 b until lately he has be5 among ! fir/ to scold any "o else :o said s4 ,& ?is is h[ ! article concludes3-- ,! fir/ hypo!sis 7,mr ,d>w9's7 is "o t ?r[s no light ^u any ( ! facts4 ,! second hypo!sis 7:i* ,mr4 ,all5 is pleas$ to call ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c]'s7 is "o t expla9s !m all ) transp>5t lucidity4 #beb;b ,s t ,mr4 ,d>w91 accord+ to ,mr4 ,all51 is clean out ( x4 ,truly :5 ,mr4 ,all5 makes /epp+-/ones ( 8 dead selves1 he jumps ^u !m to "s tune4 ,b !n ,mr4 ,d>w9 is dead n[4 ,i h n he>d ( 8 hav+ giv5 ,mr4 ,all5 any manuscripts z he gave ,mr4 ,romanes4 ,i hope ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c] w n give him any4 ,if ,i 0 ,mr4 ,sp5c] & f\nd my admir]s cr[n+ me ) ,lam>ck's laurels1 ,i ?9k ,i %\ld h some?+ to say to !m4 ,:at are we to ?9k ( a writ] :o decl>es t ! !ory t specific & g5]ic *anges are due to use & disuse expla9s all ! facts ) transp>5t lucidity8 ,lam>ck's hypo!sis is no d\bt a great help & a great /ep t[>d ,pr(essor ,h]+'s2 x makes a kn[n cause und]lie v>iations1 & ?us is free f ^? fatal objections :i* ,pr(essor ,miv>t & o!rs h br\ght aga9/ ! !ory ( ,messrs4 ,d>w9 & ,wallace2 b h[ does ! !ory t use develops an organism expla9 :y (fspr+ repeat ! organism at all8 ,h[ does ! ,lam>ckian hypo!sis expla9 ! /]ility ( hybrids1 = example8 ,! /]ility ( hybrids has be5 always consid]$ "o ( ! great cruces 9 connection ) any !ory ( ,evolution4 ,h[ aga9 does x expla9 rev]sion to long-lo/ *>act]s & ! resumption ( f]al *>act]i/ics8 ! ph5om5a ( old age8 ! pr9ciple t und]lies longevity8 ! reason :y ! reproductive sy/em is g5]ally ! la/ to arrive at maturity1 & :y few fur!r developm5ts take place 9 any organism aft] ?is has be5 fully develop$8 ! /]ility ( _m animals "u captivity8 ! developm5t 9 bo? males & females1 "u c]ta9 circum/ances1 ( ! *>act]i/ics ( ! opposite sex8 ! lat5cy ( memory8 ! unconsci\sness ) :i* we develop1 & ) :i* in/9ctive actions are p]=m$8 ,h[ does any !ory advanc$ ei!r by ,lam>ck1 ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c]1 or ,mr4 ,d>w9 expla91 or inde$ ?r[ light ^u ^! facts until supplem5t$ ) ! explanation giv5 ( !m 9 ,life & ,habit--= :i* ,i mu/ ref] ! read] to t "w itself8 ,p may say :at !y l ab\t ! exp]i5ce ( ! race1 #bed;a ! regi/ration ( exp]i5ces cont9u$ = numb]less g5]ations1 #bed;b inf9ity ( exp]i5ces1 #bed;c laps$ intellig5ce1 c41 b until !y make ,memory1 9 ! mo/ uncompromis+ s5se ( ! ^w1 ! key to all ! ph5om5a ( ,h]$ity1 !y w get little help to ! bett] und]/&+ ( ! difficulties above adv]t$ to4 ,add ?is to ! !ory ( ,buffon1 ,erasmus ,d>w91 & ,lam>ck1 & ! po9ts :i* ,i h above allud$ to receive a good deal ( lucidity4 ,b to return to ,mr4 ,romanes3 h[ev] mu* he & ,mr4 ,all5 may diff] ab\t ! m]its ( ,mr4 ,d>w91 !y 7 at any rate n long s9ce cordially agre$ 9 vilip5d+ my unhappy self1 & are n[ say+ v mu* :at ,i h be5 say+ = "s ye>s pa/4 ,i d n d5y t !y are capable witnesses4 ,!y w g5]ally see a ?+ :5 a c]ta9 numb] ( o!r p h come to d s4 ,i submit t1 no matt] h[ grudg+ly !y give _! evid5ce1 ! t5d5cy ( t evid5ce is suffici5tly cle> to %[ t ! op9ions put =w>d 9 ,life & ,habit1 ,evolution1 ,old & ,new1 & ,unconsci\s ,memory1 des]ve ! att5tion ( ! read]4 ,i may p]haps deal ) ,mr4 ,romanes' rec5t "w m fully 9 ! sequel to ,life & ,habit on :i* ,i am n[ engag$4 ,= ! pres5t x is en\gh to say t if he does n mean :at ,pr(essor ,h]+ &1 longo int]vallo1 myself d1 he %\ld n talk ab\t habit or exp]i5ce z betwe5 successive g5]ations1 & t if he does mean :at we d--:i* ,i suppose he does--he %\ld h said s mu* m cle>ly & consi/5tly ?an he has4 ,,po/script4 ,?is aft]noon 7,m>* #g1 #ahhd71 ! copies ( ?is book be+ ready = issue1 ,i see ,mr4 ,romanes' lett] to ! ,a!naeum ( ?is day1 & get ?is po/script pa/$ into ! book aft] b9d+4 ,mr4 ,romanes corrects 8 ref]5ce to ! passage 9 :i* he says t ,canon ,k+sley fir/ advanc$ ! !ory t in/9ct is inh]it$ memory 7,m4 ,e4 9 ,animals1 p4 #bif74 ,canon ,k+sley's words are to be f\nd 9 ,fras]1 ,june1 #ahfg1 & are z foll[s3-- ,yon wood-wr5 has _h en\gh to make him sad1 if only he recollects x1 & if he c recollect 8 road f ,morocco hi!r he maybe recollects likewise :at happ5$ on ! road3 ! long we>y j\rney up ! ,portuguese coa/1 & ?r\gh ! gap betwe5 ! ,pyr5ees & ! ,jaysquivel1 & up ! ,l&es ( ,bordeaux1 & ?r\gh ,brittany1 flitt+ by night & hid+ & fe$+ z he c\ld by day2 & h[ 8 mates flew aga9/ ! ligh?\ses & 7 kill$ by hundr$s1 & h[ he essay$ ! ,briti% ,*annel & 0 bl[n back1 %rivell$ up by bitt] bla/s2 & h[ he felt1 nev]!less1 t 't 0 wat] he mu/ cross1' he knew n :y2 b some?+ told him t 8 "m _h done x be=e him1 & he 0 fle% ( h] fle%1 life ( h] life1 & _h inh]it$ h] in/9ct 7z we call h]$it>y memory 9 ord] to avoid ! tr\ble ( f9d+ out :at x is & h[ x comes74 ,a duty 0 laid on him to g back to ! place :]e he 0 br$1 & n[ x is done1 & he is we>y & sad & lonely1 c4 c4 ,?is is a v int]e/+ passage1 & ,i am glad to quote x2 b x h>dly am\nts to advanc+ ! !ory t in/9ct is inh]it$ memory4 ,obs]v+ ,mr4 ,romanes' words closely1 ,i see he only says t ,canon ,k+sley 0 ! fir/ to advance ! !ory t _m hundr$ miles ( l&scape sc5]y c con/itute an object ( inh]it$ memory2 b z he proce$s to say t ?is has s9ce be5 indep5d5tly sugge/$ by sev]al writ]s1 x is pla9 he int5ds to convey ! idea t ,canon ,k+sley advanc$ ! !ory t in/9ct g5]ally is inh]it$ memory1 :i* inde$ 8 words d2 b x is h>dly cr$ible t he %\ld h left !m :]e he did if he _h realiz$ _! importance4 ,mr4 ,romanes proce$s to in=m me p]sonally t ! ref]5ce to ,nature 9 8 pro( orig9ally indicat$ ano!r writ] :o _h indep5d5tly advanc$ ! same !ory z t ( ,canon ,k+sley4 ,aft] ?is ,i h a "r to ask him to tell me :o ! writ] is1 & :]e ,i %all f9d :at he said4 ,i ask ?is1 & at my e>lie/ opportunity w d my be/ to give ?is writ]1 too1 ! cr$it he d\btless des]ves4 ,i h nev] pr(ess$ to be ! orig9ator ( ! !ory connect+ h]$ity ) memory4 ,i knew ,i knew s little t ,i 0 9 great trepidation :5 ,i wrote all ! e>li] *apt]s ( ,life & ,habit4 ,i put !m p>adoxically1 because ,i did n d>e to put !m o!rwise4 ,z ! book w5t on1 ,i saw ,i 0 on firm gr\nd1 & ! p>adox 0 dropp$4 ,:5 ,i f\nd :at ,pr(essor ,h]+ _h done1 ,i put him =w>d z be/ ,i c\ld at once4 ,i !n le>n$ ,g]man1 & translat$ him1 giv+ 8 words 9 full 9 ,unconsci\s ,memory2 s9ce !n ,i h always spok5 ( ! !ory z ,pr(essor ,h]+'s4 ,mr4 ,romanes says t ! !ory 9 "q =ms ! backbone ( all ! previ\s lit]ature on in/9ct by ! above-nam$ writ]s 7n to m5tion _! num]\s foll[]s7 & is by all ( !m elaborately /at$ z cle>ly z any !ory c be /at$ 9 words4 ,few except ,mr4 ,romanes w say ?is4 ,i grant x ought to h =m$ ! backbone ( all previ\s lit]ature on in/9ct by ! above-nam$ writ]s1 b :5 ,i wrote ,life & ,habit x 0 n und]/ood to =m x4 ,if x _h be51 ,i %\ld n h f\nd x necess>y to come be=e ! public ?is f\r? "t dur+ ! la/ sev5 ye>s to insi/ ^u x4 ,( c\rse ! !ory is n new--x 0 9 ! air & b\nd to come2 b :5 x came1 x came ?r\gh ,pr(essor ,h]+ ( ,prague1 & n ?r\gh ^? :o1 great z are ! s]vices !y h r5d]$1 /ill did n r5d] ?is p>ticul> "o ( mak+ memory ! key/one ( _! sy/em4 ,mr4 ,romanes n[ says3 ,:y1 ( c\rse1 t's :at !y 7 mean+ all ! "t4 ,p]haps !y 71 b !y did n say s1 & o!rs--conspicu\sly ,mr4 ,romanes himself--did n und]/& !m to be mean+ :at he n[ discov]s t !y meant4 ,:5 ,mr4 ,romanes attack$ me 9 ,nature1 ,janu>y #bg1 #ahha1 he said ,i _h be5 anticipat$ by ,pr(essor ,h]+1 b he evid5tly did n und]/& t any "o else _h anticipat$ me2 & f> f hold+1 z he n[ does1 t ! !ory 9 "q =ms ! backbone ( all ! previ\s writ]s on in/9ct1 & is by all ( !m elaborately /at$ z cle>ly z any !ory c be /at$ 9 words1 he said 79 a passage already quot$7 t x 0 int]e/+1 if advanc$ m]ely z an illu/ration1 b to imag9e t x ma9ta9s any tru? ( pr(\nd significance1 or t x c possibly be fraught ) any b5efit to sci5ce1 is absurd4 ,consid]+ h[ rec5tly ,mr4 ,romanes wrote ! words j quot$1 he has soon =gott5 !m4 ,i d n1 z ,i h said already1 & nev] did1 claim to h orig9at$ ! !ory ,i put =w>d 9 ,life & ,habit4 ,i ?\ght x out indep5d5tly1 b ,i knew x mu/ h occurr$ to _m1 & _h probably be5 work$ out by _m1 be=e myself4 ,my claim is to h br\ght x p]haps into full] light1 & to h dwelt on its importance1 be>+s1 & developm5ts ) "s p]si/5ce1 & to h done s )\t mu* recognition or enc\ragem5t1 till lately4 ,( m5 ( sci5ce1 ,mr4 ,a4 ,r4 ,wallace & ,pr(essor ,miv>t gave me enc\ragem5t1 b no "o else has done s4 ,i sometimes saw1 z 9 ! ,duke ( ,argyll's case1 & 9 ,mr4 ,romanes' own1 t m5 7 writ+ at me1 or borr[+ f me1 b ) ! two exceptions already made1 & t also ( ! ,bi%op ( ,c>lisle1 n "o ( ! lit]>y & sci5tific notables ( ! day s mu* z m5tion$ my "n :ile mak+ use ( my "w4 ,a few words m1 & ,i w br+ ^! rem>ks to a close1 ,mr4 ,romanes says ,i repres5t ! ph5om5a ( memory z occurr+ ?r\gh\t ! inorganic _w4 ,?is implies t ,i attribute all ! ph5om5a ( memory z we see !m 9 animals to su* ?+s z /ones & gases4 ,mr4 ,romanes kn[s v well t ,i h nev] said any?+ :i* c\ld w>rant 8 attempt+ to put ! absurdity into my m\? :i* he "h tries to d4 ,! read] :o wi%es to see :at ,i d ma9ta9 ^u ?is subject w f9d x on pp4 #baf-bah ( ! pres5t volume4 ,,extracts ,,f ,,alps ,,& ,,sanctu>ies ,,op ,,pi$mont ,,& ,,! ,,canton ,,tic9o4 ,,dalpe1 ,,prato1 ,,rossura4 7,,f ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,( ,,alps ,,& ,,sanctu>ies47 #bee ,talk+ ( legs1 z ,i w5t ?r\gh ! ma9 /reet ( ,dalpe an old lady ( ab\t sixty-five /opp$ me1 & told me t :ile ga!r+ h] w9t] /ore ( firewood %e _h _h ! mis=tune to hurt h] leg4 ,i 0 v sorry1 b ,i fail$ to satisfy h]2 ! m ,i sympa?is$ 9 g5]al t]ms1 ! m ,i felt t some?+ fur!r 0 expect$ ( me4 ,i w5t on try+ to d ! civil ?+1 :5 ! old lady cut me %ort by say+ x w\ld be mu* bett] if ,i 7 to see ! leg at once2 s %e %[$ x me 9 ! /reet1 & !re1 sure en\gh1 close to ! gro9 !re 0 a swell+4 ,aga9 ,i said h[ sorry ,i 01 & add$ t p]haps %e ought to %[ x to a m$ical man4 ,b ar5't y a m$ical man8 said %e 9 an al>m$ mann]4 ,c]ta9ly n1 ma'am1 repli$ ,i4 ,!n :y did y let me %[ y my leg8 said %e indignantly1 & pull+ h] clo!s d[n1 ! poor old woman began to hobble (f2 pres5tly two o!rs jo9$ h]1 & ,i he>d he>ty peals ( laught] z %e rec\nt$ h] /ory4 ,a /rang] visit+ ^! out-(- !-way villages is almo/ c]ta9 to be mi/ak5 = a doctor4 ,:at bus9ess1 !y say to !mselves1 c any "o else h !re1 & :o 9 8 s5ses w\ld dream ( visit+ !m = pleasure8 ,?is old lady _h ru%$ to ! usual conclusion1 & _h be5 try+ to get a little advice gratis4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! little objects look+ l s5try-boxes t g all r\nd ,prato ,*ur* conta9 r\gh mod]n frescoes repres5t+1 if ,i rememb] rightly1 ! ev5ts att5dant ^u ! crucifixion4 ,^! are on a small scale :at ! *apels on ! sacr$ m\nta9 ( ,v>allo are on a l>ge "o4 ,small s+le oratories are scatt]$ ab\t all ov] ! ,canton ,tic9o1 & inde$ ev]y:]e 9 ,nor? ,italy1 by ! road-side1 at all halt+- places1 & especially at ! cre/ ( any m m>k$ asc5t1 :]e ! tir$ wayf>]1 probably heavy lad51 might be incl9$ to say a naughty ^w or two if n *eck$4 ,! p l !m1 & miss !m :5 !y come to ,engl&4 ,!y sometimes d :at ! l[] animals d 9 conf9em5t :5 preclud$ f habits !y are accu/om$ to1 & put up ) /range make%ifts by way ( sub/itute4 ,i once saw a poor ,tic9ese woman kneel+ 9 pray] be=e a d5ti/'s %[-case 9 ! ,hamp/ead ,road2 %e d\btless mi/ook ! tee? = ! relics ( "s sa9t4 ,i am afraid %e 0 a little l a h5 sitt+ ^u a *alk egg1 b %e seem$ q cont5t$4 ,:i* ( u1 inde$1 does n sit cont5t$ly en\gh ^u *alk eggs at times8 ,& :at w\ld life be b = ! p[] to d s8 ,we d n suffici5tly realise ! "p :i* illusion has play$ 9 our developm5t4 ,"o ( ! prime requisites = evolution is a c]ta9 p[] = adaptation to v>y+ circum/ances1 t is to say1 ( pla/icity1 bodily & m5tal4 ,b ! p[] ( adaptation is ma9ly dep5d5t on ! p[] ( ?9k+ c]ta9 new ?+s suffici5tly l c]ta9 o!rs to :i* we h be5 accu/om$ = u n to be too mu* incommod$ by ! *ange--^u ! p[]1 9 fact1 ( mi/ak+ ! new = ! old4 ,! p[] ( fus+ ideas 7& ?r\gh ideas1 /ructures7 dep5ds ^u ! p[] ( confus+ !m2 ! p[] to confuse ideas t are n v unlike1 & t are pres5t$ to u 9 imm$iate sequ5ce1 is ma9ly due to ! fact ( ! impetus1 s to speak1 :i* ! m9d has ^u x4 ,x is ?is :i* b>s association f /ick+ to ! lett] ( its bond2 = we are 9 a hurry to jump to a conclusion on ! fir/ %[ ( plausible pretext1 & cut association's /atem5t ( claim %ort by tak+ x z read be=e we h got ?r\gh half ( x4 ,we get x into our notes1 9 fact1 z ,mr4 ,ju/ice ,/>eleigh did 9 ,pickwick1 & hav+ got x once 91 we are n go+ to get x out aga94 ,?is bre$s fusion & confusion1 & f ?is !re come new developm5ts4 ,s p[]ful is ! impetus :i* ! m9d has cont9ually ^u x t we always1 ,i believe1 make an ef=t to see e new object z a repetition ( ! object la/ be=e u4 ,objects are s v>i$ & pres5t !mselves s rapidly1 t z a g5]al rule we r5\nce ?is ef=t too promptly to notice x1 b x is always !re1 & z ,i h j said1 x is because ( x t we are able to mi/ake1 & h5ce to evolve new m5tal & bodily developm5ts4 ,:]e ! ef=t is successful1 !re is illusion2 :]e ne>ly successful b n q1 !re is a %ock & a s5se ( be+ puzzl$--m or less1 z ! case may be2 :]e x s obvi\sly impossible z n to be pursu$1 !re is no p]ception ( ! ef=t at all4 ,mr4 ,locke has be5 greatly prais$ = 8 essay ^u human und]/&+4 ,an essay on human misund]/&+ %\ld be no less int]e/+ & important4 ,illusion to a small ext5t is "o ( ! ma9 causes1 if inde$ x is n ! ma9 cause1 ( progress1 b x mu/ be ^u a small scale4 ,all abortive speculation1 :e!r comm]cial or philosophical1 is bas$ ^u x1 & mu* z we may abuse su* speculation1 we are1 all ( u1 its debtors4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i "k few ?+s m t\*+ 9 _! way ?an ! por* ( ,rossura ,*ur*3 x is dat$ e>ly 9 ! la/ c5tury1 & is absolutely )\t ornam5t2 ! flight ( /eps inside x lead up to ! level ( ! floor ( ! *ur*4 ,"o lovely summ] ,sunday morn+ pass+ ! *ur* betimes1 ,i saw ! p kneel+ ^u ^! /eps1 ! *ur* )9 be+ cramm$4 ,9 ! d>k] light ( ! por*1 !y told out aga9/ ! sky t %[$ ?r\gh ! op5 ar* beyond !m2 f> away ! eye re/$ on ! m\nta9s--deep blue1 save :]e ! sn[ /ill l+]$4 ,i nev] saw any?+ m beautiful--& ^! =soo? are ! p :om s _m ( u ?9k to bett] by di/ribut+ tracts ab\t ,prote/antism among !m6 ,i lik$ ! por* almo/ be/ "u an aspect :i* x no long] pres5ts4 ,"o summ] an op5+ 0 made 9 ! we/ wall1 :i* 0 aft]w>ds clos$ because ! w9d blew ?r\gh x too mu* & made ! *ur* too cold4 ,:ile x 0 op51 "o c\ld sit on ! *ur* /eps & look d[n ?r\gh x on to ! bottom ( ! ,tic9o valley2 & ?r\gh ! w9d[s "o c\ld see ! slopes ab\t ,dalpe & ,cornone4 ,betwe5 ! two w9d[s !re is a picture ( au/]e old ,s4 ,c>lo ,borromeo ) 8 h&s jo9$ 9 pray]4 ,x 0 at ,rossura t ,i made ! acqua9tance ( a ^w :i* ,i h s9ce f\nd v l>gely us$ ?r\gh\t ,nor? ,italy4 ,x is pron\nc$ *[ pure & simple1 b is writt51 if writt5 at all1 ciau or ciao1 ! a be+ kept v broad4 ,i believe ! ^w is d]iv$ f s*iavo1 a slave1 :i* became corrupt$ into s*iao1 & ciao4 ,x is us$ ) two mean+s1 bo? ( :i*1 h[ev]1 are d$ucible f ! ^w slave4 ,9 its fir/ & m common use x is simply a salute1 ei!r on greet+ or tak+ leave1 & means1 ,i am y\r v ob$i5t s]vant4 ,?us1 if "o has be5 talk+ to a small *ild1 its "m w tell x to say *[ be=e x goes away1 & w !n nod h] head & say *[ h]self4 ,! o!r use is a k9d ( pi\s expletive1 int5d+ ,i mu/ endure x1 ,i am ! slave ( a high] p[]4 ,x 0 9 ?is s5se ,i fir/ he>d x at ,rossura4 ,a woman 0 wa%+ at a f\nta9 :ile ,i 0 eat+ my lun*4 ,%e said %e _h lo/ h] daught] 9 ,p>is a few weeks e>li]4 ,%e 0 a beautiful woman1 said ! b]eav$ "m1 b--*[4 ,%e _h great tal5ts--*[4 ,i _h h] educat$ by ! nuns ( ,bell9zona--*[4 ,h] k ( geography 0 consummate--*[1 *[1 c4 ,"h *[ means pazi5za1 ,i h done & said all t ,i c1 & mu/ n[ be> x z be/ ,i may4 ,i tri$ to com=t h]1 b c\ld d no?+1 till at la/ x occurr$ to me to say *[ too4 ,i did s1 & 0 a/oni%$ at ! soo?+ effect x _h ^u h]4 ,h[ subtle are ! laws t gov]n consolation6 ,i suppose !y mu/ ultimately be connect$ ) reproduction--! consol+ idea be+ a k9d ( small cross :i* re-g5]ates or re- creates ! suff]]4 ,x is important1 !re=e1 t ! new ideas ) :i* ! old are to be cross$ %\ld diff] f ^! la/ suffici5tly to div]t ! att5tion1 & yet n s mu* z to cause a pa9ful %ock4 ,!re %\ld be a little %ock1 or !re w be no v>iation 9 ! new ideas t are g5]at$1 b !y w resemble ^? t prec$$ !m1 & grief w be cont9u$2 !re mu/ n be too great a %ock or !re w be no illusion--no confusion & fusion betwe5 ! new set ( ideas & ! old1 & 9 consequ5ce !re w be no result at all1 or1 if any1 an increase 9 m5tal discord4 ,we "k v little1 h[ev]1 ^u ?is subject1 & are cont9ually %[n to be at fault by f9d+ an unexpect$ly small cross produce a wide div]sion ( ! m5tal images1 :ile 9 o!r cases a wide "o w produce h>dly any result4 ,sometimes aga91 a cross :i* we %\ld h said 0 mu* too wide w h an excell5t effect4 ,i did n anticipate1 = example1 t my say+ *[ w\ld h done mu* = ! poor woman :o _h lo/ h] daught]3 ! cross did n seem wide en\gh3 %e 0 already1 z ,i ?\ght1 saturat$ ) *[4 ,i c only acc\nt = ! effect my application ( x produc$ by suppos+ ! ^w to h d]iv$ "s elem5t ( /rang5ess & novelty z com+ f a =eign]--j z l& :i* w give a poor crop1 if plant$ ) sets f potatoes t h be5 gr[n = ?ree or f\r ye>s on ?is same soil1 w yet yield excell5tly if simil> sets be br\ght f tw5ty miles (f4 ,= ! potato1 s f> z ,i h /udi$ x1 is a good-temp]$1 frivol\s plant1 easily amus$ & easily bor$1 & "o1 moreov]1 :i* if bor$1 yawns horribly4 ,i may say 9 pass+ t ! temp]s ( plants h n be5 suffici5tly /udi$2 & :at little op9ion we h =m$ ab\t _! dispositions is = ! mo/ "p ill =m$4 ,! sulkie/ tree t ,i "k is ! silv] bee*4 ,x nev] =gives a scrat*4--,!re is a tree 9 ,k5s+ton g>d5s a little (f ! we/ side ( ! ,s]p5t9e ) names cut ^u x z long ago z #agag & #agcf1 :i* ! tree is z little able to =give & =get z ?\gh ! injury _h be5 done n t5 ye>s s9ce4 ,& ! tree is n an ag$ tree ei!r4 ,,calonico4 7,,f ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,( ,,alps ,,& ,,sanctu>ies47 ,our inv5tions increase 9 geometrical ratio4 ,!y are l liv+ be+s1 ea* "o ( :i* may become p>5t ( a doz5 o!rs--"s good & "s ne'er-d-weels2 b !y diff] f animals & vegetables inasmu* z !y n only increase 9 a geometrical ratio1 b ! p]iod ( _! ge/ation decreases 9 geometrical ratio also4 ,take ?is matt] ( ,alp9e roads = example4 ,= h[ _m millions ( ye>s 0 !re no approa* to a road ov] ! ,/4 ,go?>d1 save ! untutor$ wat]c\rses ( ! ,tic9o & ! ,reuss1 & ! track ( ! b\quet9 or ! *amois8 ,= h[ _m m ages aft] ?is 0 !re n a m]e %eph]d's or huntsman's pa? by ! riv]-side--)\t s mu* z a log ?r[n ov] s z to =m a rude bridge8 ,no "o w\ld probably h ev] ?\ght ( mak+ a bridge out ( 8 own unaid$ imag9ation1 m ?an any monkey t we "k ( has done s4 ,b an avalan*e or a flood once swept a p9e into position & left x !re2 on ?is a g5ius1 :o 0 d\btless ?\ght to be do+ some?+ v infam\s1 v5tur$ to make use ( x4 ,ano!r "t a p9e 0 f\nd ne>ly across ! /ream1 b n q2 & n q1 aga91 9 ! place :]e x 0 want$4 ,a second g5ius1 to ! horror ( 8 fell[-tribesm5--:o decl>$ t ?is "t ! _w really w\ld come to an end--%ift$ ! p9e a few feet s z to br+ x across ! /ream & into ! place :]e x 0 want$4 ,?is man 0 ! inv5tor ( bridges--8 family repudiat$ him1 & he came to a bad end4 ,f ?is to cutt+ d[n ! p9e & br++ x f "s di/ance is an easy /ep4 ,to avoid detail1 let u come to ! old ,roman horse-road ov] ! ,alps4 ,! "t betwe5 ! %eph]d's pa? & ! ,roman road is probably %ort 9 comp>ison ) t betwe5 ! m]e *amois track & ! fir/ ?+ t c be call$ a pa? ( m54 ,f ! ,roman we g on to ! m$iaeval road ) m frequ5t /one bridges1 & f ! m$iaeval to ! ,napoleonic c>riage-road4 ,! close ( ! la/ c5tury & ! fir/ qu>t] ( ?is pres5t "o 0 ! great era = ! mak+ ( c>riage-roads4 ,fifty ye>s h h>dly pass$1 & "h we are already 9 ! age ( tunnell+ & railroads4 ,! fir/ p]iod1 f ! *amois track to ! foot road1 0 "o ( millions ( ye>s2 ! second1 f ! fir/ foot road to ! ,roman milit>y way1 0 "o ( _m ?\s&s2 ! ?ird1 f ! ,roman to ! m$iaeval1 0 p]haps a ?\s&2 f ! m$iaeval to ! ,napoleonic1 five hundr$2 f ! ,napoleonic to ! railroad1 fifty4 ,:at w come next we "k n1 b x %\ld come )9 tw5ty ye>s1 & w probably h some?+ to d ) electricity4 ,x foll[s by an easy process ( reason+ t aft] ano!r c\ple ( hundr$ ye>s or s1 great sweep+ *anges %\ld be made sev]al times 9 an h\r1 or inde$ 9 a second1 or fraction ( a second1 till !y pass unnotic$ z ! revolutions we und]go 9 ! embryonic /ages1 or are felt simply z vibrations4 ,?is w\ld und\bt$ly be ! case b = ! exi/5ce ( a friction :i* int]f]es betwe5 !ory & practice4 ,?is friction is caus$ p>tly by ! di/urbance ( ve/$ int]e/s :i* e inv5tion involves1 & :i* w be f\nd intol]able :5 m5 become millionaires & paup]s alt]nately once a =tnight--liv+ "o week 9 a palace & ! next 9 a workh\se1 & hav+ p]petually to be sold up1 & !n to buy a new h\se & refurni%1 c4--s t artificial means = /opp+ inv5tions w be adopt$2 & p>tly by ! fact t ?\gh all inv5tions bre$ 9 geometrical ratio1 yet "s multiply m rapidly ?an o!rs1 & ! backw>dness ( "o art w imp$e ! =w>dness ( ano!r4 ,at any rate1 s f> z ,i c see1 ! pres5t is ab\t ! only com=table "t = a man to live 91 t ei!r ev] has be5 or ev] w be4 ,! pa/ 0 too sl[1 & ! future w be mu* too fa/4 ,! fact is 7b x is s obvi\s t ,i am a%am$ to say any?+ ab\t x7 t sci5ce is rapidly r$uc+ "t & space to a v undiff]5tiat$ condition4 ,take lamb3 we c get lamb all ! ye> r\nd4 ,?is is p]petual spr+2 b p]petual spr+ is no spr+ at all2 x is n a season2 !re are no m seasons1 & be+ no seasons1 !re is no "t4 ,take rhub>b1 aga94 ,rhub>b to ! philosoph] is ! beg9n+ ( autumn1 if inde$ ! philosoph] c see any?+ z ! beg9n+ ( any?+4 ,if any "o asks :y1 ,i suppose ! philosoph] w\ld say t rhub>b is ! beg9n+ ( ! fruit season1 :i* is cle>ly autumnal1 accord+ to our pres5t classification4 ,f rhub>b to ! gre5 gooseb]ry ! /ep is s small z to require no bridg+--) "o's eyes %ut1 & pl5ty ( cream & sug>1 !y are almo/ indi/+ui%able--b ! gooseb]ry is q an autumnal fruit1 & only a little e>li] ?an apples & plums1 :i* la/ are almo/ w9t]2 cle>ly1 !re=e1 = sci5tific purposes rhub>b is autumnal4 ,z soon z we c f9d gradations1 or a suffici5t numb] ( unit+ l9ks betwe5 two ?+s1 !y become unit$ or made "o ?+1 & any classification ( !m mu/ be illusory4 ,classification is only possible :]e !re is a %ock giv5 to ! s5ses by reason ( a p]ceiv$ diff]5ce1 :i*1 if x is consid]able1 c be express$ 9 words4 ,:5 ! _w 0 y\ng] & less exp]i5c$1 p 7 %ock$ at :at appe>$ great diff]5ces betwe5 liv+ =ms2 b species1 :e!r ( animals or plants1 are n[ se5 to be s unit$1 ei!r inf]5tially or by actual f9d+ ( ! l9ks1 t all classification is felt to be arbitr>y4 ,! seasons are l species--!y 7 at "o "t ?\ght to be cle>ly m>k$1 & capable ( be+ classifi$ ) "s approa* to satisfaction4 ,x is n[ se5 t !y bl5d ei!r 9 ! pres5t or ! pa/ ins5sibly into "o ano!r1 mu* z ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c] %[s u t geology & a/ronomy bl5d into "o ano!r1 #bfe & _c be classifi$ except by cutt+ ,gordian knots 9 a way :i* none b pla9 s5sible p c tol]ate4 ,/rictly speak+1 !re is only "o place1 "o "t1 "o action1 & "o individual or ?+2 ( ?is ?+ or individual ea* "o ( u is a "p4 ,x is p]plex+1 b x is philosophy2 & mod]n philosophy1 l mod]n music1 is no?+ if x is n p]plex+4 ,a simple v]ification ( ! autumnal "* ( rhub>b may1 at fir/ sight1 appe> to be f\nd 9 ,cov5t ,g>d5 ,m>ket1 :]e we c actually see ! rhub>b t[>ds ! end ( ,octob]4 ,b ?is way ( look+ at ! matt] argues a fatal ineptitude = ! pursuit ( true philosophy4 ,x w\ld be ! mo/ s]i\s error to reg>d ! rhub>b t w appe> 9 ,cov5t ,g>d5 ,m>ket next ,octob] z belong+ to ! autumn !n suppos$ to be curr5t4 ,practically1 no d\bt1 x does s1 b !oretically x mu/ be consid]$ z ! fir/-fruits ( ! autumn 7if any7 ( ! foll[+ ye>1 :i* beg9s be=e ! prec$+ summ] 7or1 p]haps1 m /rictly1 ! prec$+ summ] b "o--& h5ce1 b any numb]71 has well end$4 ,:e!r ?is1 h[ev]1 is s or no1 ! rhub>b c be se5 9 ,cov5t ,g>d51 & ,i am afraid x mu/ be admitt$ t to ! philosophically m9d$ !re lurks )9 x a !ory ( evolution1 & ev5 ,pan!ism1 z surely z ,!ism 0 lurk+ 9 ,bi%op ,b]keley's t>-wat]4 ,to return1 h[ev]1 to ,calonico4 ,! curato 0 v k9d to me4 ,we _h long talks toge!r4 ,i c\ld see x pa9$ him t ,i 0 n a ,ca?olic4 ,he c\ld nev] q get ov] ?is1 b he 0 v good & tol]ant4 ,he 0 anxi\s to be assur$ t ,i 0 n "o ( ^? ,engli% :o w5t ab\t di/ribut+ tracts1 & try+ to conv]t p4 ,?is ( c\rse 0 ! la/ ?+ ,i %\ld h wi%$ to d2 & :5 ,i told him s1 he view$ me ) sorr[ b h5ce=? )\t al>m4 ,all ! "t ,i 0 ) him ,i felt h[ mu* ,i wi%$ ,i c\ld be a ,ca?olic 9 ,ca?olic c\ntries1 & a ,prote/ant 9 ,prote/ant ones4 ,surely !re are "s ?+s :i* l politics are too s]i\s to be tak5 q s]i\sly4 ,surt\t po9t de zele is n ! say+ ( a cynic1 b ! conclusion ( a s5sible man2 & ! m deep our feel+ is ab\t any matt]1 ! m occasion h we to be on our gu>d aga9/ zele 9 ?is p>ticul> respect4 ,!re is b "o /ep f ! e>ne/ to ! int5se4 ,:5 ,/4 ,paul told u to be all ?+s to all m5 he let 9 ! ?9 end ( ! w$ge1 nor did he m>k x to say h[ f> x 0 to be driv54 ,i h ,italian fri5ds :om ,i greatly value1 & :o tell me !y ?9k ,i flirt j a trifle too mu* ) il p>tito n]o1 :5 ,i am 9 ,italy1 = !y "k t 9 ! ma9 ,i ?9k z !y d4 ,^! p1 !y say1 make !mselves v agreeable to y1 & %[ y _! smoo? side2 we1 :o see m ( !m1 "k _! r\gh "o4 ,knuckle "u to !m1 & !y w p]haps condesc5d to patronise y2 h any individuality ( y\r own1 & !y "k nei!r scruple nor remorse 9 _! attempts to get y out ( _! way4 ',il prete' !y say1 ) a significant look1 'e sempre prete4' ,= ! future let u h pr(essors & m5 ( sci5ce in/ead ( prie/s4 ,i smile to myself at ?is la/1 & reply1 t ,i am a =eign] come among !m = recreation1 & anxi\s to keep cle> ( _! int]nal discords4 ,i d n wi% to cut myself (f f "o side ( _! national "*--a side :i*1 9 "s respects1 is no less int]e/+ ?an ! "o ) :i* ,i suppose ,i am on ! :ole m sympa!tic4 ,if ,i 7 an ,italian1 ,i %\ld feel b\nd to take a side2 z x is1 ,i wi% to leave all qu>rell+ beh9d me1 hav+ z mu* ( t 9 ,engl& z suffices to keep me 9 good heal? & temp]4 ,9 old times p gave _! spiritual & intellectual sop to ,nemesis4 ,ev5 :5 mo/ positive1 !y admitt$ a p]c5tage ( d\bt4 ,mr4 ,t5nyson has said well1 ,!re lives m d\bt--,i quote f memory--9 hone/ fai?1 believe me1 ?an 9 half ! sy/ems ( philosophy1 or words to t effect4 ,! victor _h a slave at 8 e> dur+ 8 triumph2 ! slaves dur+ ! ,roman ,saturnalia1 dress$ 9 _! ma/]s' clo!s1 sat at meat ) !m1 told !m ( _! faults1 & black$ _! faces = !m4 ,!y made _! ma/]s wait ^u !m4 ,9 ! ages ( fai?1 an ass dress$ 9 sac]dotal robes 0 gravely conduct$ to ! ca!dral *oir at a c]ta9 season1 & mass 0 said be=e him1 & hymns *ant$ discordantly4 ,! eld] ,d',israeli1 f :om ,i am quot+1 writes3 ,on o!r occasions1 !y put burnt old %oes to fume 9 ! c5sors3 ran ab\t ! *ur* leap+1 s++1 danc+1 & play+ at dice ^u ! alt>1 :ile a boy bi%op or pope ( fools burlesqu$ ! div9e s]vice2 & lat] on he says3 ,s late z #afde1 a pupil ( ,gass5di1 writ+ to 8 ma/] :at he himself witness$ at ,aix on ! ,fea/ ( ,innoc5ts1 says--',i h se5 9 "s mona/]ies 9 ?is prov9ce extravagances solemnis$ :i* pagans w\ld n h practis$4 ,nei!r ! cl]gy nor ! gu>dians inde$ g to ! *oir on ?is day1 b all is giv5 up to ! lay bre?r51 ! cabbage-cutt]s1 err& boys1 cooks1 scullions1 & g>d5]s2 9 a ^w1 all ! m5ials fill _! places 9 ! *ur*1 & insi/ t !y p]=m ! (fices prop] = ! day4 ,!y dress !mselves ) all ! sac]dotal ornam5ts1 b torn to rags1 or we> !m inside out3 !y hold 9 _! h&s ! books rev]s$ or sideways1 :i* !y pret5d to read ) l>ge spectacles )\t glasses1 & to :i* !y fix ! r9ds ( scoop$ oranges 4 4 4 6 p>ticul>ly :ile dangl+ ! c5s]s !y keep %ak+ !m 9 d]ision1 & lett+ ! a%es fly ab\t _! heads & faces1 "o aga9/ ! o!r4 ,9 ?is equipage !y nei!r s+ hymns nor psalms nor masses1 b mumble a c]ta9 gibb]i% z %rill & squeak+ z a h]d ( pigs :ipp$ on to m>ket4 ,! nons5se v]ses !y *ant are s+ul>ly b>b>\s3-- ',haec e/ cl>a dies1 cl>>um cl>a di]um1 ,haec e/ fe/a dies fe/>um fe/a di]um4' #bfi ,fai? 0 f> m assur$ 9 ! times :5 ! spiritual saturnalia 7 all[$ ?an n[4 ,! irrev]5ce :i* 0 n dang]\s !n1 is n[ intol]able4 ,x is a bad sign = a man's peace 9 8 own convictions :5 he _c /& turn+ ! canvas ( 8 life occasionally upside d[n1 or rev]s+ x 9 a mirror1 z pa9t]s d ) _! pictures t !y may judge ! bett] conc]n+ !m4 ,i w\ld p]suade all ,jews1 ,mohamm$ans1 ,comti/s1 & free?9k]s to turn high ,anglicans1 or bett] /ill1 d[nright ,ca?olics = a week 9 e ye>1 & ,i w\ld s5d p l ,mr4 ,glad/one to att5d ,mr4 ,bradlaugh's lectures 9 ! =5oon1 & ! ,grecian pantomime 9 ! ev5+1 two or ?ree times e w9t]4 ,i %\ld p]haps tell !m t ! ,grecian pantomime has no?+ to d ) ,greek plays4 ,!y little "k h[ mu* m ke5ly !y w\ld reli% _! normal op9ions dur+ ! re/ ( ! ye> = ! little spiritual out+ :i* ,i w\ld prescribe = !m1 :i*1 aft] all1 is b ano!r phase ( ! wise say+--,surt\t po9t de zele4 ,/4 ,paul attempt$ an obvi\sly hopeless task 7z ! ,*ur* ( ,rome v well und]/&s7 :5 he tri$ to put d[n season>ianism4 ,p mu/ & w g to *ur* to be a little bett]1 to ! !atre to be a little naughti]1 to ! ,royal ,in/itution to be a little m sci5tific1 ?an !y are 9 actual life4 ,x is only by pulsations ( goodness1 naught9ess1 & :atev] else we affect t we c get on at all4 ,i grant t :5 9 8 (fice1 a man %\ld be exact & precise1 b our holidays are our g>d51 & too mu* precision "h is a mi/ake4 ,surely truces1 )\t ev5 an arri]e p5see ( diff]5ce ( op9ion1 betwe5 ^? :o are compell$ to take widely diff]5t sides dur+ ! great] "p ( _! lives1 mu/ be ( inf9ite s]vice to ^? :o c ent] on !m4 ,!re are few m]ely spiritual pleasures comp>able to t d]iv$ f ! tempor>y lay+ d[n ( a qu>rel1 ev5 ?\gh we may "k t x mu/ be r5ew$ %ortly4 ,x is a great grief to me t !re is no place :]e ,i c g among ,mr4 ,d>w91 ,pr(essors ,huxley1 ,tyndal1 & ,ray ,lanke/]1 ,miss ,buckley1 ,mr4 ,romanes1 ,mr4 ,grant ,all5 & o!rs :om ,i _c call to m9d at ?is mom5t1 z ,i c g among ! ,italian prie/s4 ,i rememb] 9 "o mona/]y 7b ?is 0 n 9 ! ,canton ,tic9o7 ! novice taught me h[ to make sacram5tal waf]s1 & ,i play$ him ,h&el on ! organ z well z ,i c\ld4 ,i told him t ,h&el 0 a ,ca?olic2 he said he c\ld tell t by 8 music at once4 ,!re is no *ance ( gett+ among our sci5ti/s 9 ?is way4 ,"s fri5ds say ,i 0 tell+ a lie :5 ,i told ! novice ,h&el 0 a ,ca?olic1 & ought n to h done s4 ,i make x a rule to swall[ a few gnats a day1 le/ ,i %\ld come to /ra9 at !m1 & s bolt camels2 b ! :ole "q ( ly+ is difficult4 ,:at is ly+8 ,turn+ = moral guidance to my c\s9s ! l[] animals1 ^: unsophi/icat$ nature proclaims :at ,god has taught !m ) a directness we may sometimes /udy1 ,i f9d ! plov] ly+ :5 %e lures u f h] "y ones "u ! fiction ( a brok5 w+4 ,is ,god angry1 ?9k y1 ) ?is pretty deviation f ! lett] ( /rict accuracy8 or 0 x n ,he :o :isp]$ to h] to tell ! falsehood--to tell x ) a circum/ance1 )\t consci5ti\s scruple1 n once only1 b to make a practice ( x s z to be a plausible1 habitual1 & pr(essional li> = "s six weeks or s 9 ! ye>8 ,i imag9e s4 ,:5 ,i 0 "y ,i us$ to read 9 good books t x 0 ,god :o taught ! bird to make h] ne/1 & if s ,he probably taught ea* species ! o!r dome/ic arrangem5ts be/ suit$ to x4 ,or did ! ne/-build+ in=mation come f ,god1 & 0 !re an evil "o among ! birds also :o taught !m at any rate to /e] cle> ( priggi%ness8 ,?9k ( ! spid] aga9--an ugly creature1 b ,i suppose ,god likes x4 ,:at a mean & odi\s lie is t web :i* naturali/s extol z su* a m>vel ( +5uity6 ,once on a summ] aft]noon 9 a f> c\ntry ,i met "o ( ^? or*ids :o make x _! bus9ess to imitate a fly ) _! petals4 ,?is lie !y dispose s cunn+ly t real flies1 ?9k+ ! honey is be+ already plund]$1 pass !m )\t mole/+ !m4 ,wat*+ int5tly & keep+ v /ill1 me?\ght ,i he>d ?is or*id speak+ to ! (fspr+ :i* %e felt )9 h]1 ?\gh ,i saw !m n4 ,my *ildr51 %e exclaim$1 ,i mu/ soon leave y2 ?9k ^u ! fly1 my lov$ ones1 = ?is is tru?2 cl+ to ?is great ?\ght 9 y\r passage ?r\gh life1 = x is ! "o ?+ ne$ful2 once lose sight ( x & y are lo/6 ,ov] & ov] aga9 %e sang ?is burd5 9 a small /ill voice1 & s ,i left h]4 ,!n /raightway ,i came ^u "s butt]flies ^: pr(ession x 0 to pret5d to believe 9 all mann] ( vital tru?s :i* 9 _! inn] practice !y reject$2 ?us1 ass]t+ !mselves to be c]ta9 o!r & hateful butt]flies :i* no bird w eat by reason ( _! abom9able smell1 ^! cunn+ ones conceal _! own sweetness1 & live long 9 ! l& & see good days4 ,no3 ly+ is s deeply root$ 9 nature t we may expel x ) a =k1 & yet x w always come back aga93 x is l ! poor1 we mu/ h x always ) u4 ,we mu/ all eat a peck ( moral dirt be=e we die4 ,all dep5ds ^u :o x is t is ly+4 ,"o man may /eal a horse :5 ano!r may n look ov] a h$ge4 ,! good man :o tells no lies witt+ly to himself & is nev] unk9dly1 may lie & lie & lie :5ev] he *ooses to o!r p1 & he w n be false to any man3 8 lies become tru?s z !y pass into ! he>]s' e>4 ,if a man deceives himself & is unk9d1 ! tru? is n 9 him2 x turns to falsehood :ile yet 9 8 m\?1 l ! quails 9 ! ,wild]ness ( ,s9ai4 ,h[ ?is is s or :y1 ,i "k n1 b t ! ,"l ha? m]cy on :om ,he w h m]cy & :om ,he wille? ,he h>d5e?4 ,my ,italian fri5ds are d\btless 9 ! ma9 "r ab\t ! prie/s1 b !re are _m exceptions1 z !y !mselves gladly admit4 ,= my own "p ,i h f\nd ! curato 9 ! small subalp9e villages ( ,nor? ,italy to be m (t5 ?an n a k9dly excell5t man to :om ,i am attract$ by sympa?ies deep] ?an any m]e sup]ficial diff]5ces ( op9ion c c\nt]act4 ,) monks1 h[ev]1 z a g5]al rule1 ,i am less able to get on3 nev]!less ,i h receiv$ mu* c\rtesy at ! h&s ( "s4 ,my "y fri5d ! novice 0 delightful--only x 0 s sad to ?9k ( ! future t is be=e him4 ,he want$ to "k all ab\t ,engl&1 & :5 ,i told him x 0 an isl&1 clasp$ 8 h&s & said1 ,oh *e ,provid5za6 ,he told me h[ ! o!r "y m5 ( 8 own age plagu$ him z he trudg$ 8 r\nds high up among ! mo/ di/ant hamlets begg+ alms = ! poor4 ,be a good fell[1 !y w\ld say to him1 drop all ?is nons5se & come back to u1 & we w nev] plague y aga94 ,!n he w\ld turn ^u !m & put _! words f him4 ,( c\rse my sympa?ies 7 ) ! o!r "y m5 r ?an ) him1 b x 0 impossible n to be sorry = ! mann] 9 :i* he _h be5 humbugg$ f ! day ( 8 bir?1 till he 0 n[ incapable ( see+ ?+s f any o!r /&po9t ?an t ( au?ority4 ,:at he said to me ab\t kn[+ t ,h&el 0 a ,ca?olic by 8 music1 put me 9 m9d ( :at ano!r good ,ca?olic once said to me ab\t a picture4 ,he 0 a ,fr5*man & v nice1 b a devot1 & anxi\s to conv]t me4 ,he paid a few days' visit to ,london1 s ,i %[$ him ! ,national ,gall]y4 ,:ile !re ,i po9t$ out to him ,seba/ian del ,piombo's picture ( ! rais+ ( ,laz>us z "o ( ! suppos$ ma/]pieces ( our collection4 ,he _h ! prop] or?odox fit ( admiration ov] x1 & !n we w5t ?r\gh ! o!r rooms4 ,aft] a :ile we f\nd ourselves be=e ,we/'s picture ( ,*ri/ heal+ ! ,sick4 ,my ,fr5* fri5d did n1 ,i suppose1 exam9e x v c>efully1 at any rate he believ$ he 0 aga9 be=e ! rais+ ( ,laz>us by ,seba/ian del ,piombo2 he paus$ be=e x1 & _h 8 fit ( admiration ov] aga93 !n turn+ to me he said1 ,ah6 y w\ld und]/& ?is picture bett] if y 7 a ,ca?olic4 ,i did n tell him ( 8 mi/ake4 ,,piora4 7,,f ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,( ,,alps ,,& ,,sanctu>ies47 #bge ,an excursion :i* may be v well made f ,faido is to ! ,val ,piora1 :i* ,i h already m ?an once m5tion$4 ,!re is a l>ge hotel "h :i* has be5 op5$ "s ye>s1 b has n hi!rto prov$ ! success :i* x 0 hop$ x w\ld be4 ,i h /ay$ !re two or ?ree times & f\nd x v com=table2 d\btless1 n[ t ,sign] ,lomb>di ( ! ,hotel ,prosa has tak5 x1 x w become a m popul> place ( resort4 ,i took a trap f ,faido to ,ambri1 & !nce walk$ ov] to ,qu9to2 "h ! pa? beg9s to asc5d1 & aft] an h\r ,ronco is rea*$4 ,!re is a h\se at ,ronco :]e refre%m5ts & excell5t ,faido be] c be _h4 ,! old lady :o keeps ! h\se w\ld make a p]fect ,fate2 ,i saw h] sitt+ at h] w9d[ sp9n+1 & look+ d[n ov] ! ,tic9o valley z ?\gh x 7 ! _w & %e 7 sp9n+ its de/9y4 ,%e _h a some:at /]n expression1 ?9 lips1 iron-grey eyes1 & an aquil9e nose2 h] scanty locks /raggl$ f "u ! h&k]*ief :i* %e wore r\nd h] head4 ,h] employm5t & ! wi/ful f>-away look %e ca/ ^u ! expanse bel[ made a v f9e ensemble4 ,%e w\ld h af=d$1 z ,sir ,walt] ,scott says1 a /udy = a ,rembr&t1 _h t celebrat$ pa9t] exi/$ at ! p]iod1 #bgf b %e mu/ h be5 a sm>t-look+1 h&some girl once4 ,%e bright5$ up 9 conv]sation4 ,i talk$ ab\t ,piora1 :i* ,i already knew1 & ! ,lago ,tom1 ! highe/ ( ! ?ree lakes4 ,%e said %e knew ! ,lago ,tom4 ,i said laugh+ly1 ,oh1 ,i h no d\bt y d4 ,we've _h _m a good day at ! ,lago ,tom1 ,i "k4 ,%e look$ d[n at once4 ,9 spite ( h] ne>ly eighty ye>s %e 0 active z a woman ( =ty1 & altoge!r %e 0 a v gr& old lady4 ,h] h\se is scrupul\sly clean4 ,:ile ,i wat*$ h] sp9n+1 ,i ?\ght ( :at mu/ s (t5 occur to summ] visitors4 ,i mean :at sort ( a look-out ! old woman mu/ h 9 w9t]1 :5 ! w9d ro>s & :i/les1 & ! sn[ drives d[n ! valley ) a fury ( :i* we 9 ,engl& c h little conception4 ,:at a place to see a sn[/orm f6 & :at a place f :i* to survey ! l&scape next morn+ aft] ! /orm is ov] & ! air is calm & brilliant4 ,!re are su* morn+s3 ,i saw "o once1 b ,i 0 at ! bottom ( ! valley & n high up1 z at ,ronco4 ,ronco w\ld take a little sun ev5 9 midw9t]1 b at ! bottom ( ! valley !re is no sun = weeks & weeks toge!r2 all is 9 deep %ad[ bel[1 ?\gh ! upp] hill-sides may be se5 to h ! sun ^u !m4 ,i walk$ once on a fro/y w9t]'s morn+ f ,airolo to ,giornico1 & c call to m9d no?+ 9 its way m beautiful3 ev]y?+ 0 lock$ 9 fro/--!re 0 n a wat]%$ b 0 %eet$ & coat$ ) ice3 ! road 0 h>d z granite--all 0 quiet1 & se5 z ?r\gh a d>k b incr$ibly transp>5t m$ium4 ,ne> ,piotta ,i met ! :ole village dragg+ a l>ge tree2 !re 7 _m m5 & wom5 dragg+ at x1 b !y _h to pull h>d1 & !y 7 sil5t2 z ,i pass$ !m ,i ?\ght :at comely1 well-begott5 p !y 74 ,!n1 look+ up1 !re 0 a sky1 cl\dless & ( ! deepe/ blue1 aga9/ :i* ! sn[-clad m\nta9s /ood out spl5didly4 ,no "o w regret a walk 9 ^! valleys dur+ ! dep? ( w9t]4 ,b ,i %\ld h lik$ to h look$ d[n f ! sun into ! sunlessness1 z ! old ,fate woman at ,ronco c d :5 %e sits 9 w9t] at h] w9d[2 or aga91 ,i %\ld l to see h[ ?+s w\ld look f ?is same w9d[ on a lead5 morn+ 9 midw9t] aft] sn[ has fall5 heavily & ! sky is murky & mu* d>k] ?an ! e>?4 ,:5 ! /orm is at its height1 ! sn[ mu/ se>* & se>* & se>* ev5 ?r\gh ! d\ble w9d[s ) :i* ! h\ses are protect$4 ,x mu/ re/ ^u ! frames ( ! pictures ( sa9ts1 & ( ! si/]s grab1 & ( ! la/ h\rs ( ,c\nt ,ugol9o1 :i* adorn ! walls ( ! p>l\r4 ,no wond] !re is a ,s4 ,m>ia della ,neve1--a ,/4 ,m>y ( ! ,sn[2 b ,i d wond] t %e has n be5 pa9t$4 ,i said ?is to an ,italian once1 & he said ! reason 0 probably ?is--t ,/4 ,m>y ( ! ,sn[ 0 n develop$ till long aft] ,italian art _h begun to decl9e4 ,i suppose 9 ano!r hundr$ ye>s or s we %all h a ,/4 ,m>ia delle ,f]rovie--a ,/4 ,m>y ( ! ,railways4 ,f ,ronco ! pa? keeps level & !n desc5ds a little s z to cross ! /ream t comes d[n f ,piora4 ,?is is ne> ! village ( ,altanca1 ! *ur* ( :i* looks rem>kably well f "h4 ,!n !re is an h\r & a half's rapid asc5t1 & at la/ all on a sudd5 "o f9ds oneself on ! ,lago ,ritom1 close to ! hotel4 ,! lake is ab\t a mile1 or a mile & a half1 long1 & half a mile broad4 ,x is #fjjj feet above ! sea1 v deep at ! l[] end1 & does n freeze :]e ! /ream issues f x1 s t ! magnific5t tr\t ) :i* x ab\nds c get air & live ?r\gh ! w9t]4 ,9 _m o!r lakes1 z1 = example1 ! ,lago di ,tremorgio1 !y _c d ?is1 & h5ce p]i%1 ?\gh ! lakes h be5 repeat$ly /ock$4 ,! tr\t 9 ! ,lago ,ritom are said to be ! f9e/ 9 ! _w1 & c]ta9ly ,i "k none s f9e myself4 ,!y gr[ to be z l>ge z mod]ate-siz$ salmon1 & h a deep-r$ fle%1 v firm & full ( flav\r4 ,i _h two cutlets (f "o = breakfa/1 & %\ld h said !y 7 salmon unless ,i _h kn[n o!rwise4 ,9 w9t]1 :5 ! lake is froz5 ov]1 ! p br+ _! hay f ! f>!r ,lake ( ,cadagna 9 sl$ges across ! ,lake ,ritom4 ,"h1 aga91 w9t] mu/ be wor? see+1 b on a r\gh sn[y day ,piora mu/ be an awful place4 ,!re are a few /unt$ p9es ne> ! hotel1 b ! hillsides are = ! mo/ "p b>e & gre54 ,piora 9 fact is a f9e breezy op5 upl& valley ( s+ul> beauty1 & ) a sweet atmosph]e ( c[ ab\t x2 x is ri* 9 rhodod5drons & all mann] ( ,alp9e fl[]s1 j a trifle bleak1 b z brac+ z ! ,engad9e itself4 ,! fir/ night ,i 0 ev] 9 ,piora !re 0 a brilliant moon1 & ! unruffl$ surface ( ! lake took ! reflection ( ! m\nta9s4 ,i c\ld see ! cattle a mile (f1 & he> ! t9kl+ ( _! bells :i* danc$ multitud9\sly be=e ! e> z fire-flies come & g be=e ! eyes2 = all ?r\gh a f9e summ]'s night ! cattle w fe$ z ?\gh x 7 day4 ,a little above ! lake ,i came ^u a man 9 a cave be=e a furnace1 burn+ lime1 & he sat look+ into ! fire ) 8 back to ! moonlight4 ,he 0 a quiet moody man1 & ,i am afraid ,i bor$ him1 = ,i c\ld get h>dly any?+ out ( him b ,oh altro--polite b n communicative4 ,s aft] a :ile ,i left him ) 8 face burni%$ z ) gold f ! fire1 & 8 back silv] ) ! moonbeams2 beh9d him 7 ! pa/ures & ! reflections 9 ! lake & ! m\nta9s & ! di/ant r++ ( ! c[bells4 ,!n ,i w&]$ on till ,i came to ! *apel ( ,s4 ,c>lo2 & 9 a few m9utes f\nd myself on ! ,lugo di ,cadagna4 ,"h ,i he>d t !re 7 p1 & ! p 7 n s mu* asleep z ! simple peasantry ( ^! upl& valleys are expect$ to be by n9e o'clock 9 ! ev5+4 ,= n[ 0 ! "t :5 !y _h mov$ up f ,ronco1 ,altanca1 & o!r villages 9 "s numb]s to cut ! hay1 & 7 liv+ = a =tnight or ?ree weeks 9 ! *alets ^u ! ,lago di ,cadagna4 ,z ,i h said1 !re is a *apel1 b ,i d\bt :e!r x is att5d$ dur+ ?is season ) ! regul>ity ) :i* ! p>i% *ur*es ( ,ronco1 ,altanca1 c41 are att5d$ dur+ ! re/ ( ! ye>4 ,! "y p1 ,i am sure1 l ^! annual visits to ! high places1 & w be h>dly wean$ f !m4 ,happily ! hay w be always !re1 & w h to be cut by "s "o1 & ! old p w s5d ! "y ones4 ,z ,i 0 ?9k+ ( ^! ?+s1 ,i f\nd myself go+ (f into a doze1 & ?\ght ! burni%$ man f ! furnace came up & sat beside me1 & laid 8 h& ^u my %\ld]4 ,!n ,i saw ! gre5 slopes t rise all r\nd ! lake 7 mu* high] ?an ,i _h ?\ght2 !y w5t up ?\s&s ( feet1 & !re 7 p9e =e/s ^u !m1 :ile two l>ge glaci]s came d[n 9 /reams t end$ 9 a precipice ( ice1 fall+ %e] into ! lake4 ,! edges ( ! m\nta9s aga9/ ! sky 7 rugg$ & full ( clefts1 ?r\gh :i* ,i saw ?ick cl\ds ( du/ be+ bl[n by ! w9d z ?\gh f ! o!r side ( ! m\nta9s4 ,& z ,i look$1 ,i saw t ?is 0 n du/1 b p com+ 9 cr[ds f ! o!r side1 b s small z to be visible at fir/ only z du/4 ,& ! p became musicians1 & ! m\nta9\s amphi!atre a huge or*e/ra1 & ! glaci]s 7 two noble armies ( wom5-s+]s 9 :ite robes1 rang$ ti] above ti] beh9d ea* o!r1 & ! p9es became or*e/ral play]s1 :ile ! ?ick du/-l cl\d ( *orus-s+]s kept p\r+ 9 ?r\gh ! clefts 9 ! precipices 9 inconceivable numb]s4 ,:5 ,i turn$ my telescope ^u !m ,i saw !y 7 cr[d$ up to ! extreme edge ( ! m\nta9s1 s t ,i c\ld see und]nea? ! soles ( _! boots z _! legs dangl$ 9 ! air4 ,9 ! mid/ ( all1 a precipice t rose f out ( ! glaci]s %ap$ itself sudd5ly into an organ1 & !re 0 "o ^: face ,i well knew sitt+ at ! keybo>d1 smil+ & plum+ himself l a bird z he ?und]$ =? a giant fugue by way ( ov]ture4 ,i he>d ! great p$al notes 9 ! bass /alk maje/ically up & d[n1 z ! rays ( ! ,aurora t g ab\t ^u ! face ( ! heav5s (f ! coa/ ( ,labrador4 ,!n pres5tly ! p rose & sang ! *orus ,v5us ,laugh+ f ! ,skies2 b ere ! s\nd _h well di$ away1 ,i awoke1 & all 0 *ang$2 a light fleecy cl\d _h fill$ ! :ole bas91 b ,i /ill ?\ght ,i he>d a s\nd ( music1 & a scamp]+-(f ( great cr[ds f ! "p :]e ! precipices %\ld be4 ,aft] t ,i he>d no m b a little s++ f ! *alets1 & turn$ homew>ds4 ,:5 ,i got to ! *apel ( ,s4 ,c>lo1 ,i 0 9 ! moonlight aga91 & :5 ne> ! hotel1 ,i pass$ ! man at ! m\? ( ! furnace ) ! moon /ill gleam+ ^u 8 back1 & ! fire ^u 8 face1 & he 0 v grave & quiet4 ,s4 ,,mi*ele ,,& ,,monte ,,pir*iriano4 7,,extracts ,,f ,,*apt]s ,,vii4 ,,& ,x4 ,,( ,,alps ,,& ,,sanctu>ies47 ,! hi/ory ( ! sanctu>y ( ,s4 ,mi*ele is briefly z foll[s3-- ,at ! close ( ! t5? c5tury1 :5 ,o?o ,,iii4 0 ,emp]or ( ,g]many1 a c]ta9 ,hugh de ,montboissi]1 a noble ( ,auv]gne1 commonly call$ ,hugh ! ,unsewn 7lo sdruscito71 0 comm&$ by ! ,pope to f\nd a mona/]y 9 expiation ( "s grave (f5ce4 ,he *ose = 8 site ! summit ( ! ,monte ,pir*iriano 9 ! valley ( ,susa1 be+ attract$ p>tly by ! fame ( a *ur* already built !re by a recluse ( ,rav5na1 ,giovanni ,v9c5zo by "n1 & p>tly by ! /rik+ nature ( ! situation4 ,hugh de ,montboissi]1 :5 return+ f ,rome to ,france ) ,is5g>de 8 wife1 w\ld1 z a matt] ( c\rse1 pass ?r\gh ! valley ( ,susa4 ,! two--p]haps :5 /opp+ to d9e at ,s4 ,ambrogio--w\ld look up & obs]ve ! *ur* f\nd$ by ,giovannia ,v9c5zo3 !y _h got to build a mona/]y some:]e2 x w\ld v likely1 !re=e1 occur to !m t !y c\ld n p]petuate _! names bett] ?an by *oos+ ?is site1 :i* 0 on a mu*-travell$ road1 & on :i* a f9e build+ w\ld %[ to advantage4 ,if my view is correct1 we h "h an illu/ration ( a fact :i* is cont9ually obs]vable--namely1 t all ?+s :i* come to mu*1 :e!r !y be books1 build+s1 pictures1 music1 or liv+ be+s1 are begott5 ( o!rs ( _! own k9d4 ,x is always ! mo/ successful1 l ,h&el & ,%akespe>e1 :o owe mo/ to _! =]unn]s1 9 spite ( ! modifications ) :i* _! works desc5d4 ,giovanni ,v9c5zo _h built 8 *ur* ab\t ! ye> #ihg4 ,x is ma9ta9$ by "s t he _h be5 bi%op ( ,rav5na1 b ,cl>eta gives suffici5t reason = ?9k+ o!rwise4 ,9 ! ,cronaca ,clus9a x is said t he _h = "s ye>s previ\sly liv$ z a recluse on ! ,monte ,caprasio1 to ! nor? ( ! pres5t ,monte ,pir*iriano2 b t "o night he _h a vision1 9 :i* he saw ! summit ( ,monte ,pir*iriano envelop$ 9 heav5-desc5d$ flames1 & on ?is f\nd$ a *ur* !re1 & d$icat$ x to ,s4 ,mi*ael4 ,?is is ! orig9 ( ! "n ,pir*iriano1 :i* means ,greek text1 or ! ,"l's fire4 ,avogadro is among ^? :o make ,giovanni ,bi%op1 or r ,ar*bi%op1 ( ,rav5na1 & gives ! foll[+ acc\nt ( ! circum/ances :i* l$ to 8 resign+ 8 diocese & go+ to live at ! top ( ! inhospitable ,monte ,caprasio4 ,x seems !re _h be5 a confirmation at ,rav5na1 dur+ :i* he _h accid5tally =gott5 to confirm ! *ild ( a c]ta9 wid[4 ,! *ild1 be+ 9 weakly heal?1 di$ be=e ,giovanni c\ld repair 8 ov]sight1 & ?is prey$ ^u 8 m9d4 ,9 answ]1 h[ev]1 to 8 e>ne/ pray]s1 x pleas$ ! ,almighty to give him p[] to raise ! dead *ild to life aga92 ?is he did1 & hav+ imm$iately p]=m$ ! rite ( confirmation1 re/or$ ! boy to 8 ov]joy$ "m4 ,he n[ became s mu* rev]$ t he began to be al>m$ le/ pride %\ld obta9 dom9ion ov] him2 he felt1 !re=e1 t 8 only c\rse 0 to resign 8 diocese1 & g & live ! life ( a recluse on ! top ( "s high m\nta94 ,x is said t he suff]$ agonies ( d\bt z to :e!r x 0 n selfi% ( him to take su* c>e ( 8 own et]nal welf>e1 at ! exp5se ( t ( 8 flock1 :om no successor c\ld s well guide & gu>d f evil2 b 9 ! end he took a reasonable view ( ! matt]1 & conclud$ t 8 fir/ duty 0 to secure 8 own spiritual position4 ,no?+ %ort ( ! top ( a v uncom=table m\nta9 c\ld d ?is1 s he at once resign$ 8 bi%opric & *ose ,monte ,caprasio z on ! :ole ! mo/ com=table uncom=table m\nta9 he c\ld f9d4 ,! latt] "p ( ! /ory w seem /range to ,engli%m54 ,we c h>dly fancy ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury or ,york resign+ 8 diocese & settl+ d[n quietly on ! top ( ,scafell or ,cad] ,idris to secure 8 et]nal welf>e4 ,!y w\ld h>dly d s ev5 on ! top ( ,primrose ,hill4 ,b n9e hundr$ ye>s ago human nature 0 n ! same z n[-a- days4 99 99 99 99 99 ,comp>+ our own cl]gy ) ! be/ ,nor? ,italian & ,tic9ese prie/s1 ,i %\ld say !re 0 little to *oose betwe5 !m4 ,! latt] are 9 a logically /rong] position1 & ?is gives !m great] c\rage 9 _! op9ions2 ! =m] h ! advantage 9 respect ( money1 & ! m v>i$ k ( ! _w :i* money w comm&4 ,:5 ,i say ,ca?olics h logically ! advantage ov] ,prote/ants1 ,i mean t />t+ f premises :i* bo? sides admit1 a m]ely logical ,prote/ant w f9d himself driv5 to ! ,*ur* ( ,rome4 ,mo/ m5 z !y gr[ old] w1 ,i ?9k1 feel ?is1 & !y w see 9 x ! explanation ( ! comp>atively n>r[ area ov] :i* ! ,re=mation ext5d$1 & ( ! ga9 :i* ,ca?olicism has made ( late ye>s "h 9 ,engl&4 ,on ! o!r h&1 reasonable p w look ) di/ru/ ^u too mu* reason4 ,! f\ndations ( action lie deep] ?an reason c rea*4 ,!y re/ on fai?--= !re is no absolutely c]ta9 incontrov]tible premise :i* c be laid by man1 any m ?an !re is any inve/m5t = money or security 9 ! daily affairs ( life :i* is absolutely unimpea*able4 ,! ,funds are n absolutely safe2 a volcano might break out "u ! ,bank ( ,engl&4 ,a railway j\rney is n absolutely safe2 "o p]son at lea/ 9 sev]al millions gets kill$4 ,we inve/ our money ^u fai?1 ma9ly4 ,we *oose our doctor ^u fai?1 = h[ little indep5d5t judgm5t c we =m conc]n+ 8 capacity8 ,we *oose s*ools = our *ildr5 *iefly ^u fai?4 ,! mo/ important ?+s a man has are 8 body1 8 s\l1 & 8 money4 ,x is g5]ally bett] = him to commit ^! int]e/s to ! c>e ( o!rs ( :om he c "k little1 r ?an be 8 own m$ical man1 or inve/ 8 money on 8 own judgm5t2 & ?is is no?+ else ?an mak+ a fai? :i* lies deep] ?an reason c rea*1 ! basis ( our action 9 ^? respects :i* t\* u mo/ ne>ly4 ,on ! o!r h&1 z good a case c\ld be made out = plac+ reason z ! f\ndation1 inasmu* z x w\ld be easy to %[ t a fai?1 to be wor? any?+1 mu/ be a reasonable "o--"o1 t is to say1 :i* is bas$ ^u reason4 ,! fact is t fai? & reason are l function & organ1 desire & p[]1 or dem& & supply2 x is impossible to say :i* comes fir/3 !y come up h& 9 h&1 & are s small :5 we c fir/ descry !m1 t x is impossible to say :i* we fir/ caught sight (4 ,all we c n[ see is t ea* has a t5d5cy cont9ually to out/rip ! o!r by a little1 b by a v little only4 ,/rictly !y are n two ?+s1 b two aspects ( "o ?+2 = conv5i5ce' sake1 h[ev]1 we classify !m sep>ately4 ,x foll[s1 !re=e--b :e!r x foll[s or no1 x is c]ta9ly true--t nei!r fai? alone nor reason alone is a suffici5t guide3 a man's safety lies nei!r 9 fai? nor reason1 b 9 temp]--9 ! p[] ( fus+ fai? & reason1 ev5 :5 !y appe> mo/ mutually de/ructive4 ,t we all feel temp] to be ! fir/ ?+ is pla9 f ! fact t :5 we see two m5 qu>rell+ we seldom ev5 try to weigh _! argum5ts--we look in/9ctively at ! tone or _s or temp] :i* ! two display & give our v]dict accord+ly4 ,a man ( temp] w be c]ta9 9 spite ( unc]ta9ty1 & at ! same "t unc]ta9 9 spite ( c]ta9ty2 reasonable 9 spite ( 8 re/+ ma9ly ^u fai? r ?an reason1 & full ( fai? ev5 :5 appeal+ mo/ /rongly to reason4 ,if x is ask$1 ,9 :at %\ld a man h fai?8 ,to :at fai? %\ld he turn :5 reason has l$ him to a conclusion :i* he di/ru/s8 ! answ] is1 ,to ! curr5t feel+ among ^? :om he mo/ looks up to--look+ ^u himself ) suspicion if he is ei!r among ! =emo/ or ! lagg]s4 ,9 ! r\gh1 homely common s5se ( ! community to :i* we belong we h z firm gr\nd z c be got4 ,?is1 ?\gh n absolutely infallible1 is secure en\gh = practical purposes4 ,z ,i h said1 ,ca?olic prie/s h r a fasc9ation = me--:5 !y are n ,engli%m54 ,i %\ld say t ! be/ ,nor? ,italian prie/s are m op5ly tol]ant ?an our ,engli% cl]gy g5]ally are4 ,i rememb] pick+ up "o :o 0 walk+ along a road1 & giv+ him a lift 9 my trap4 ,( c\rse we fell to talk+1 & x came out t ,i 0 a memb] ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&4 ,ebb5e1 ,c>o ,signore1 said he :5 we %ook h&s at p>t+2 mi r9cresce *e lei non cr$e come io1 ma 9 que/i tempi non possiamo av]e tutti i m$esimi pr9cipii4 #bhg 99 99 99 99 99 ,! "o ?+1 he said1 :i* %ock$ him ) ! ,engli%1 0 ! mann] 9 :i* !y w5t ab\t di/ribut+ tracts ^u ! ,cont95t4 ,i said no "o c\ld deplore ! practice m pr(\ndly ?an myself1 b t !re 7 /upid & conceit$ p 9 e c\ntry1 :o w\ld insi/ ^u ?ru/+ _! op9ions ^u p :o did n want !m4 ,he repli$ t ! ,italians travell$ n a little 9 ,engl&1 b t he 0 sure n "o ( !m w\ld dream ( (f]+ ,ca?olic tracts to p1 = example1 9 ! /reets ( ,london4 ,c]ta9ly ,i h nev] se5 an ,italian to be guilty ( su* rud5ess4 ,x seems to me t x is n only tol]ation t is a duty2 we ought to g beyond ?is n[2 we %\ld con=m1 :5 we are among a suffici5t numb] ( ^? :o w\ld n und]/& our refusal to d s2 any o!r c\rse is to atta* too mu* importance at once to our own op9ions & to ^? ( our oppon5ts4 ,by all means let a man /& by 8 convictions :5 ! occasion requires1 b let him res]ve 8 /r5g?1 unless x is imp]atively call$ =4 ,d n let him exagg]ate trifles1 & let him rememb] t ev]y?+ is a trifle 9 comp>ison ) ! n giv+ (f5ce to a l>ge numb] ( k9dly1 simple-m9d$ p4 ,evolution1 z we all "k1 is ! great doctr9e ( mod]n times2 ! v ess5ce ( evolution consi/s 9 ! n %ock+ any?+ too viol5tly1 b enabl+ x to mi/ake a new action = an old "o1 )\t mak+ believe too mu*4 ,"o day :5 ,i 0 eat+ my lun* ne> a f\nta91 !re came up a moody1 m$itative h51 croon+ pla9tively aft] h] wont4 ,i ?rew h] a crumb ( bread :ile %e 0 /ill a good way (f1 & !n ?rew m1 gett+ h] to come a little clos] & a little clos] ea* "t2 at la/ %e actually took a piece f my h&4 ,%e did n q l x1 b %e did x4 ,a v little at a "t1 ?is is ! evolution pr9ciple2 & if we wi% ^? :o diff] f u to und]/& u1 x is ! only me?od to proce$ ^u4 ,i h sometimes ?\ght t "s ( my fri5ds among ! prie/s h be5 treat+ me z ,i treat$ ! m$itative h54 ,b :at ( t8 ,!y w n kill & eat me1 nor take my eggs4 ,:atev]1 !re=e1 promotes a m fri5dly feel+ betwe5 u mu/ be pure ga94 99 99 99 99 99 ,sometimes prie/s say ?+s1 z a matt] ( c\rse1 :i* w\ld make any ,engli% cl]gyman's hair /& on end4 ,at "o t[n !re is a rem>kable f\rte5?-c5tury bridge1 commonly kn[n z ,! ,devil's ,bridge4 ,i 0 sket*+ ne> ?is :5 a jolly old prie/ ) a r$ nose came up & began a conv]sation ) me4 ,he 0 evid5tly a popul> "*1 = e "o :o pass$ greet$ him4 ,he told me t ! devil did n really build ! bridge4 ,i said ,i presum$ n1 = he 0 n 9 ! habit ( sp5d+ 8 "t s well4 ,i wi% he _h built x1 said my fri5d2 = !n p]haps he w\ld build u "s m4 ,or we might ev5 get a *ur* out ( him1 said ,i1 a little slyly4 ,ha1 ha1 ha6 we w conv]t him1 & make a good ,*ri/ian ( him 9 ! end4 ,:5 w our ,prote/antism1 or ,rationalism1 or :atev] x may be1 sit z lightly ^u ourselves8 ,ano!r "t ,i _h ! foll[+ dialogue ) an old ,pi$montese prie/ :o liv$ 9 a ca/le :i* ,i ask$ p]mission to g ov]3-- ,v\s etes ,anglais1 monsieur8 said he 9 ,fr5*4 ,oui1 monsieur4 ,v\s etes ,ca?olique8 ,monsieur1 je suis de la religion de mes ancetres4 ,p>don1 monsieur1 vos ancetres etai5t ,ca?oliques jusqu'au temps de ,h5ri ,huit4 ,mais il y a trois c5ts ans depuis le temps de ,h5ri ,huit4 ,eh bi52 *acun a ses convictions2 v\s ne p>lez pas contre la religion8 ,jamais1 jamais1 monsieur1 j'ai un respect enorme p\r l'eglise ,ca?olique4 ,monsieur1 faites comme *ez v\s2 allez ou v\s v\lez2 v\s tr\v]ez t\tes les portes ouv]tes4 ,amusez v\s bi54 ,,consid]ations ,,on ,,! ,,decl9e ,,( ,,italian ,,art4 7,,f ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,( ,,alps ,,& ,,sanctu>ies47 ,^? :o "k ! ,italians w see no sign ( decay ab\t !m4 ,!y are ! quicke/-witt$ p 9 ! _w1 & at ! same "t h mu* m ( ! old ,roman /ead9ess ?an !y are g5]ally cr$it$ )4 ,n only is !re no sign ( deg5]ation1 b1 z reg>ds practical matt]s1 !re is e sign ( heal? & vigor\s developm5t4 ,! ,nor? ,italians are m l ,engli%m51 bo? 9 body1 & m9d1 ?an any o!r p :om ,i "k2 ,i am cont9ually meet+ ,italians :om ,i %\ld take = ,engli%m5 if ,i did n "k _! nationality4 ,!y h all our /rong po9ts1 b !y h m grace & ela/icity ( m9d ?an we h4 ,priggi%ness is ! s9 :i* do? mo/ easily beset middle-class1 & s- call$ educat$ ,engli%m52 we call x purity & culture1 b x does n mu* matt] :at we call x4 ,x is ! almo/ inevitable outcome ( a univ]sity education1 & w la/ z long z ,ox=d & ,cambridge d1 b n mu* long]4 ,"l ,beaconsfield s5t ,lo?air to ,ox=d2 x is ) great pleasure t ,i see he did n s5d ,endymion4 ,my fri5d ,jones call$ my att5tion to ?is1 & we not$ t ! gr[? obs]vable ?r\gh\t ,"l ,beaconsfield's life 0 cont9u$ to ! end4 ,he 0 "o ( ^? :o1 no matt] h[ long he liv$1 w\ld h be5 always gr[+3 ?is is :at makes 8 lat] novels s mu* bett] ?an ^? ( ,?ack]ay or ,dick5s4 ,!re 0 some?+ ( ! *ild ab\t him to ! la/4 ,e>ne/ness 0 8 greate/ dang]1 b if he did n q ov]come x 7z :o inde$ c8 ,x is ! la/ enemy t %all be subdu$71 he manag$ to veil x ) a fair am\nt ( success4 ,z = ,endymion1 ( c\rse if ,"l ,beaconsfield _h ?\ght ,ox=d w\ld be good = him1 he c\ld1 z ,jones po9t$ out to me1 j z well h kill$ ,mr4 ,f]r>s a ye> or two lat]4 ,we feel satisfi$1 !re=e1 t ,endymion's exclusion f a univ]sity 0 c>efully consid]$1 & are glad4 ,i w n say t priggi%ness is absolutely unkn[n among ! ,nor? ,italians2 sometimes "o comes ^u a "y ,italian :o wants to le>n ,g]man1 b n (t54 ,priggism1 or :atev] ! sub/antive is1 is z ess5tially a ,teutonic vice z hol9ess is a ,semitic *>act]i/ic2 & if an ,italian happ5s to be a prig1 he w1 l ,tacitus1 inv>iably %[ a hank]+ aft] ,g]man in/itutions4 ,! idea1 h[ev]1 t ! ,italians 7 ev] a f9] p ?an !y are n[1 w n pass mu/] ) ^? :o knew !m4 ,at ! same "t1 !re c be no d\bt t mod]n ,italian art is 9 _m respects z bad z x 0 once good4 ,i w conf9e myself to pa9t+ only4 ,! mod]n ,italian pa9t]s1 ) v few exceptions1 pa9t z badly z we d1 or ev5 worse1 & _! motives are z poor z is _! pa9t+4 ,at an exhibition ( mod]n ,italian pictures1 ,i g5]ally feel t !re is h>dly a picture on ! walls b is a %am--t is to say1 pa9t$ n f love ( ?is p>ticul> subject & an irresi/ible desire to pa9t x1 b f a wi% to pa9t an academy picture1 & w9 money or applause4 ,! la/ rays ( ! sunset ( g5u9e art are to be f\nd 9 ! votive pictures at ,loc>no or ,oropa1 & 9 _m a wayside *apel4 ,9 ^!1 religi\s art /ill l+]s z a liv+ language1 h[ev] rudely spok54 ,9 ^! alone is ! /ory told1 n z 9 ! ,lat9 & ,greek v]ses ( ! s*ol>1 :o ?9ks he has succe$$ be/ :5 he has mo/ conceal$ 8 natural mann] ( express+ himself1 b by "o :o kn[s :at he wants to say1 & says x 9 8 "m-tongue1 %ortly1 & )\t c>+ :e!r or n 8 words are 9 accordance ) academic rules4 ,i regret to see photography be+ introduc$ = votive purposes1 & also to detect 9 "s places a disposition on ! "p ( ! au?orities to be a little a%am$ ( ^! pictures & to place !m r out ( sight4 ,! "q is1 h[ has ! fall+-(f 9 ,italian pa9t+ be5 caus$8 ,& by do+ :at may we aga9 get ,bell9is & ,&rea ,mantegnas z 9 old "t8 ,! fault does n lie 9 any want ( raw mat]ial3 nor yet does x lie 9 want ( tak+ pa9s4 ,! mod]n ,italian pa9t] frets himself to ! full z mu* z 8 pr$ecessor did--if ! tru? 7 kn[n1 probably a great deal m4 ,i am sure ,titian did n take mu* pa9s aft] he 0 m ?an ab\t tw5ty ye>s old4 ,x does n lie 9 want ( s*ool+ or art education4 ,= ! la/ ?ree hundr$ ye>s1 ev] s9ce ! ,c>accis op5$ _! academy at ,bologna1 !re has be5 no lack ( art education 9 ,italy4 ,curi\sly en\gh1 ! date ( ! op5+ ( ! ,bolognese ,academy co9cides z ne>ly z may be ) ! complete decad5ce ( ,italian pa9t+4 ,! academic sy/em tra9s boys to /udy o!r p's works r ?an nature1 &1 z ,leon>do da ,v9ci s well says1 x makes !m nature's gr&*ildr5 & n h] *ildr54 ,?is ,i believe is at any rate half ! secret ( ! :ole matt]4 ,if half-a-doz5 "y ,italians c\ld be got toge!r ) a ta/e = draw+2 if !y _h p[] to add to _! numb]2 if !y 7 all[$ to see pa9t+s & draw+s done up to ! ye> ,a4,d4 #aeaj1 & votive pictures & ! comic pap]s2 if !y 7 left ) no o!r assi/ance ?an ?is1 absolutely free to please !mselves1 & c\ld be p]suad$ n to try & please any "o else1 ,i believe t 9 fifty ye>s we %\ld h all t 0 ev] done repeat$ ) fre% naivete1 & z mu* m delightfully ?an ev5 by ! be/ old ma/]s1 z ^! are m delightful ?an any?+ we "k ( 9 classic pa9t+4 ,! "y plants keep gr[+ up abundantly e day--look at ,ba/ian9i1 dead n t5 ye>s s9ce--b !y are br[s$ d[n by ! academies4 ,i rememb] !re came out a book _m ye>s ago ) ! title1 ,:at becomes ( all ! clev] little *ildr58 ,i nev] saw ! book1 b ! title is p]t95t4 ,any man :o c write1 c draw to a n inconsid]able ext5t4 ,look at ! ,bayeux tape/ry2 yet ,matilda probably nev] _h a draw+ lesson 9 h] life4 ,see h[ well prison] aft] prison] 9 ! ,t[] ( ,london has cut out ?is or t 9 ! /one ( 8 prison wall1 )\t1 9 all probability1 hav+ ev] tri$ 8 h& at draw+ be=e4 ,look at my fri5d ,jones1 :o has sev]al illu/rations 9 ?is book4 #bid ,! fir/ ye> he w5t abroad ) me he c\ld h>dly draw at all4 ,he 0 no ye> away f ,engl& m ?an ?ree weeks4 ,h[ did he le>n8 ,on ! old pr9ciple1 if ,i am n mi/ak54 ,! old pr9ciple 0 = a man to be do+ some?+ :i* he 0 pretty /rongly b5t on do+1 & to get a mu* y\ng] "o to help him4 ,! y\ng] paid no?+ = in/ruction1 b ! eld] took ! "w1 z long z ! relation ( ma/] & pupil exi/$ betwe5 !m4 ,i1 !n1 0 mail+ illu/rations = ?is book1 & got ,jones to help me4 ,i let him see :at ,i 0 do+1 & d]ive an idea ( ! sort ( ?+ ,i want$1 & !n left him alone--beyond giv+ him ! same k9d ( small criticism t ,i expect$ f himself--b ,i appropriat$ 8 "w4 ,t is ! way to tea*1 & ! result 0 t 9 an incr$ibly %ort "t ,jones c\ld draw4 ,! tak+ ! "w is a s9e qua non4 ,if ,i _h n be5 go+ to h 8 "w1 ,jones1 9 spite ( all 8 quickness1 w\ld probably h be5 r sl[] 9 le>n+ to draw4 ,be+ paid 9 money is no?+ l s good4 ,?is is ! sy/em ( appr5tice%ip v]sus ! academic sy/em4 ,! academic sy/em consi/s 9 giv+ p ! rules = do+ ?+s4 ,! appr5tice%ip sy/em consi/s 9 lett+ !m d x1 ) j a trifle ( sup]vision4 ,= all a rhetorician's rules1 says my great namesake1 tea* no?+ b1 to "n 8 tools2 & academic rules g5]ally are mu* ! same z ! rhetorician's4 ,"s m5 c pass ?r\gh academies unsca!d1 b !y are v few1 & 9 ! ma9 ! academic influ5ce is a baleful "o1 :e!r ex]t$ 9 a univ]sity or a s*ool4 ,:ile "y m5 at univ]sities are be+ prep>$ = _! entry into life1 _! rivals h already ent]$ x4 ,! mo/ univ]sity & exam9ation ridd5 p 9 ! _w are ! ,*9ese1 & !y are ! lea/ progressive4 ,m5 %\ld le>n to draw z !y le>n conveyanc+3 !y %\ld g into a pa9t]'s /udio & pa9t on 8 pictures4 ,i am told t half ! conveyances 9 ! c\ntry are drawn by pupils2 !re is no m my/]y ab\t pa9t+ ?an ab\t conveyanc+--n half 9 fact1 ,i %\ld ?9k1 s mu*4 ,"o may ask1 ,h[ c ! beg9n] pa9t1 or draw conveyances1 till he has le>nt h[ to d s8 ,! answ] is1 ,h[ c he le>n1 )\t at any rate try+ to d8 ,x is ! old /ory1 organ & function1 p[] & desire1 dem& & supply1 fai? & reason1 etc41 ! mo/ virtu\s action & int]action 9 ! mo/ vici\s circle conceivable4 ,if ! beg9n] likes 8 subject1 he w try3 if he tries1 he w soon succe$ 9 do+ some?+ :i* %all op5 a door4 ,x does n matt] :at a man does2 s long z he does x ) ! att5tion :i* affection eng5d]s1 he w come to see 8 way to some?+ else4 ,aft] long wait+ he w c]ta9ly f9d "o door op51 & g ?r\gh x4 ,he w say to himself t he c nev] f9d ano!r4 ,he has f\nd ?is1 m by luck ?an cunn+1 b n[ he is done4 ,yet by & by he w see t !re is "o m small unimportant door :i* he _h ov]look$1 & he proce$s ?r\gh ?is too4 ,if he rema9s n[ = a long :ile & sees no o!r1 d n let him fret2 doors are l ! k+dom ( heav51 !y come n by obs]vation1 lea/ ( all d !y come by =c+3 let him j g on do+ :at comes ne>e/1 b do+ x att5tively1 & a great wide door w "o day spr+ into exi/5ce :]e !re _h be5 no sign ( "o b a little "t previ\sly4 ,only let him be always do+ some?+1 & let him cross himself n[ & aga91 = belief 9 ! wondr\s efficacy ( crosses & cross+ is ! corn]-/one ( ! cre$ ( ! evolutioni/s4 ,!n aft] ye>s--b n probably till aft] a great _m--doors w op5 up all ar\nd1 s _m & s wide t ! difficulty w n be to f9d a door1 b r to obta9 ! means ( ev5 hurri$ly survey+ a portion ( ^? t /& invit+ly op54 ,i "k t j z good a case c be made out = ! o!r side4 ,x may be said z truly t unless a /ud5t is incessantly on ! wat* = doors he w nev] see !m1 & t unless he is incessantly press+ =w>d to ! k+dom ( heav5 he w nev] f9d x--s t ! k+dom does come by obs]vation4 ,x is ) ?is z ) ev]y?+ else--!re mu/ be a h>moni\s fus+ ( two pr9ciples :i* are 9 flat contradiction to "o ano!r4 ,! "q ( :e!r x is bett] to abide quiet & take advantage ( opportunities t come1 or to g f>!r afield 9 se>* ( !m1 is "o ( ! olde/ :i* liv+ be+s h _h to deal )4 ,x 0 on ?is t ! fir/ great s*ism or h]esy arose 9 :at 0 h]et(ore ! ca?olic fai? ( protoplasm4 ,! s*ism /ill la/s1 & has result$ 9 two great sects--animals & plants4 ,! op9ion t x is bett] to g 9 se>* ( prey is =mulat$ 9 animals2 ! o!r--t x is bett] on ! :ole to /ay at home & pr(it by :at comes--9 plants4 ,"s int]m$iate =ms /ill record to u ! long /ruggle dur+ :i* ! s*ism 0 n yet complete4 ,if ,i may be p>don$ = pursu+ ?is digression fur!r1 ,i w\ld say t x is ! plants & n we :o are ! h]etics4 ,!re c be no "q ab\t ?is2 we are p]fectly ju/ifi$1 !re=e1 9 dev\r+ !m4 ,ours is ! orig9al & or?odox belief1 = protoplasm is mu* m animal ?an vegetable2 x is mu* m true to say t plants h desc5d$ f animals ?an animals f plants4 ,nev]!less1 l _m o!r h]etics1 plants h ?riv5 v fairly well4 ,!re are a great _m ( !m1 & z reg>ds beauty1 if n wit--( a limit$ k9d inde$1 b /ill wit--x is h>d to say t ! animal k+dom has ! advantage4 ,! views ( plants are sadly n>r[2 all diss5t]s are n>r[-m9d$2 b )9 _! own b\nds !y "k ! details ( _! bus9ess suffici5tly well--z well z ?\gh !y kept ! mo/ nicely- balanc$ sy/em ( acc\nts to %[ !m _! position4 ,!y are eat51 x is true2 to eat !m is our intol]ant & bigot$ way ( try+ to conv]t !m3 eat+ is only a viol5t mode ( proselytis+ or conv]t+2 & we d conv]t !m--to good animal sub/ance1 ( our own way ( ?9k+4 ,if we h _h no tr\ble ) !m1 we say !y h agre$ ) u2 if we h be5 unable to make !m see ?+s f our po9ts ( view1 we say !y disagree ) u1 & avoid be+ on m ?an di/ant t]ms ) !m = ! future4 ,if we h help$ ourselves to too mu*1 we say we h got m ?an we c manage4 ,b !n1 animals are eat5 too4 ,!y conv]t "o ano!r1 almo/ z mu* z !y conv]t plants4 ,& an animal is no soon] dead ?an a plant w conv]t x back aga94 ,x is obvi\s1 h[ev]1 t no s*ism c\ld h be5 s long successful1 )\t hav+ a good deal to say = itself4 ,nei!r p>ty has be5 q consi/5t4 ,:o ev] is or c be8 ,e extreme--e op9ion c>ri$ to its logical end--w prove to be an absurdity4 ,plants ?r[ out roots & b\ghs & leaves3 ?is is a k9d ( locomotion2 & z ,dr4 ,erasmus ,d>w9 long s9ce po9t$ out1 !y d sometimes approa* ne>ly to :at may be call$ travell+2 a man ( consi/5t "* w nev] look at a b\gh1 a root1 or a t5dril )\t reg>d+ x z a melan*oly & unpr9cipl$ compromise4 ,on ! o!r h&1 _m animals are sessile1 & "s s+ul>ly successful g5]a1 z spid]s1 are 9 ! ma9 li]s-9-wait4 ,x may appe>1 h[ev]1 on ! :ole1 l reop5+ a settl$ "q to uphold ! pr9ciple ( be+ busy & att5tive ov] a small area1 r ?an go+ to & fro ov] a l>g] "o1 = a mammal l man1 b ,i ?9k mo/ read]s w be ) me 9 ?9k+ t1 at any rate z reg>ds art & lit]ature1 x is he :o does 8 small imm$iate "w mo/ c>efully :o w f9d doors op5 mo/ c]ta9ly to him1 t w conduct him into ! ri*e/ *amb]s4 ,_m ye>s ago1 9 ,new ,zeal&1 ,i us$ sometimes to accompany a dray & team ( bullocks :o w\ld h to be turn$ loose at night t !y might fe$4 ,!re 7 no h$ges or f5ces !n1 s sometimes ,i c\ld n f9d my team 9 ! morn+1 & _h no clue to ! direction 9 :i* !y _h gone4 ,at fir/ ,i us$ to try & ?r[ my s\l into ! bullocks' s\ls1 s z to div9e if possible :at !y w\ld be likely to h done1 & w\ld !n ride (f t5 miles 9 ! wrong direction4 ,p us$ 9 ^? days to lose _! bullocks sometimes = a week or =tnight--:5 !y p]haps 7 all ! "t hid+ 9 a gully h>d by ! place :]e !y 7 turn$ out4 ,aft] "s "t ,i *ang$ my tactics4 ,on los+ my bullocks ,i w\ld g to ! ne>e/ accommodation h\se1 & /& dr9ks4 ,"s "o w\ld ere long1 z a g5]al rule1 turn up :o _h se5 ! bullocks4 ,?is case does n g q on all f\rs ) :at ,i h be5 say+ above1 inasmu* z ,i 0 n v indu/ri\s 9 my limit$ area2 b ! /&+ dr9ks & inquir+ 0 be+ z indu/ri\s z ! circum/ances w\ld all[4 ,to return1 univ]sities & academies are an ob/acle to ! f9d+ ( doors 9 lat] life2 p>tly because !y pu% _! "y m5 too fa/ ?r\gh doorways t ! univ]sities h provid$1 & s disc\rage ! habit ( be+ on ! look-out = o!rs2 & p>tly because !y d n take pa9s en\gh to make sure t _! doors are bona fide ones4 ,if1 to *ange ! metaphor1 an academy has tak5 a bad %ill+1 x is seldom v scrupul\s ab\t try+ to pass x on4 ,x w /ick to x t ! %ill+ is a good "o z long z ! police w let x4 ,i 0 v happy at ,cambridge2 :5 ,i left x ,i ?\ght ,i nev] aga9 c\ld be s happy any:]e else2 ,i %all ev] reta9 a mo/ k9dly recollection bo? ( ,cambridge & ( ! s*ool :]e ,i pass$ my boyhood2 b ,i feel1 z ,i ?9k mo/ o!rs mu/ 9 middle life1 t ,i h sp5t z mu* ( my matur] ye>s 9 unle>n+ z 9 le>n+4 ,! prop] c\rse is = a boy to beg9 ! practical bus9ess ( life _m ye>s e>li] ?an he n[ commonly does4 ,he %\ld beg9 at ! v bottom ( a pr(ession2 if possible ( "o :i* 8 family has pursu$ be=e him--= ! pr(essions w assur$ly "o day become h]$it>y4 ,! ideal railway director w h begun at f\rte5 z a railway port]4 ,he ne$ n be a port] = m ?an a week or t5 days1 any m ?an he ne$ h be5 a tadpole m ?an a %ort "t2 b he %\ld take a turn 9 practice1 ?\gh briefly1 at ea* ( ! l[] bran*es 9 ! pr(ession4 ,! pa9t] %\ld d j ! same4 ,he %\ld beg9 by sett+ 8 employ]'s palette & clean+ 8 bru%es4 ,z = ! good side ( univ]sities1 ! prop] pres]vative ( ?is is to be f\nd 9 ! club4 ,if1 !n1 we are to h a r5aissance ( art1 !re mu/ be a complete /&+ alo( f ! academic sy/em4 ,t sy/em has _h "t en\gh4 ,:]e & :o are its m58 ,c x po9t to "o pa9t] :o c hold 8 own ) ! m5 (1 say1 f #adej to #aeej8 ,academies w br+ out m5 :o c pa9t hair v l hair1 & eyes v l eyes1 b ?is is n en\gh4 ,?is is gramm> & deportm5t2 we want wit & a k9dly nature1 & ^! _c be got f academies4 ,z f> z m]e te*nique is conc]n$1 almo/ e "o n[ c pa9t z well z is 9 ! lea/ desirable4 ,! same mutatis mut&is holds good ) writ+ z ) pa9t+4 ,we want less ^w-pa9t+ & f9e phrases1 & m obs]vation at fir/-h&4 ,let u h a p]iodical illu/rat$ by p :o _c draw1 & writt5 by p :o _c write 7p]haps1 h[ev]1 aft] all1 we h "s71 b :o look & ?9k = !mselves1 & express !mselves j z !y please1--& ?is we c]ta9ly h n4 ,e contributor %\ld be at once turn$ out if he or %e is g5]ally believ$ to h tri$ to d some?+ :i* he or %e did n c>e ab\t try+ to d1 & any?+ %\ld be admitt$ :i* is ! outcome ( a g5u9e lik+4 ,p are always good company :5 !y are do+ :at !y really enjoy4 ,a cat is good company :5 x is purr+1 or a dog :5 x is wagg+ its tail4 ,! sket*+-clubs up & d[n ! c\ntry might =m ! nucleus ( su* a society1 provid$ all pr(essional m5 7 rigor\sly exclud$4 ,z = ! old ma/]s1 ! bett] plan w\ld be nev] ev5 to look at "o ( !m1 & to consign ,raffaelle1 along ) ,plato1 ,m>cus ,aurelius ,anton9us1 ,dante1 ,goe!1 & two o!rs1 nei!r ( !m ,engli%m51 to limbo1 z ! ,sev5 ,humbugs ( ,*ri/5dom4 ,:ile we are ab\t x1 let u leave (f talk+ ab\t art = art's sake4 ,:o is art1 t x %\ld h a sake8 ,a "w ( art %\ld be produc$ = ! pleasure x gives ! produc]1 & ! pleasure he ?9ks x w give to a few ( :om he is fond2 b nei!r money nor p :om he does n "k p]sonally %\ld be ?\ght (4 ,( c\rse su* a society z ,i h propos$ w\ld n rema9 incorrupt long4 ,ev]y?+ t gr[s1 holds 9 p]fection b a little mom5t4 ,! memb]s w\ld try to imitate pr(essional m5 9 spite ( _! rules1 or1 if !y escap$ ?is & aft] a :ile got to pa9t well1 !y w\ld become dogmatic1 & a rebellion aga9/ _! au?ority w\ld be z necess>y ere long z x 0 aga9/ t ( _! pr$ecessors3 b ! balance on ! :ole w\ld be to ! good4 ,pr(essional m5 %\ld be exclud$1 if = no o!r reason yet = ?is1 t !y "k too mu* = ! beg9n] to be en rapport ) !m4 ,x is ! beg9n] :o c help ! beg9n]1 z x is ! *ild :o is ! mo/ in/ructive companion = ano!r *ild4 ,! beg9n] c und]/& ! beg9n]1 b ! cross betwe5 him & ! pr(ici5t p]=m] is too wide = f]tility4 ,x sav\rs ( impati5ce1 & is 9 flat contradiction to ! fir/ pr9ciples ( biology4 ,x does a beg9n] positive h>m to look at ! ma/]pieces ( ! great executioni/s1 su* z ,rembr&t or ,turn]4 ,if "o is climb+ a v high m\nta9 :i* w tax all "o's /r5g?1 no?+ fatigues s mu* z ca/+ upw>d glances to ! top2 no?+ enc\rages s mu* z ca/+ d[nw>d glances4 ,! top seems nev] to draw ne>]2 ! p>ts t we h pass$ retreat rapidly4 ,let a wat]-col\r /ud5t g & see ! draw+ by ,turn] 9 ! basem5t ( our ,national ,gall]y1 dat$ #aghg4 ,?is is ! sort ( ?+ = him1 n to copy1 b to look at = a m9ute or two n[ & aga94 ,x w %[ him no?+ ab\t pa9t+1 b x may s]ve to tea* him n to ov]tax 8 /r5g?1 & w prove to him t ! greate/ ma/]s 9 pa9t+1 z 9 ev]y?+ else1 beg9 by do+ "w :i* is no way sup]ior to t ( _! neighb\rs4 ,a collection ( ! e>lie/ kn[n works ( ! greate/ m5 w\ld be mu* m useful to ! /ud5t ?an any numb] ( _! matur] works1 = x w\ld %[ him t he ne$ n worry himself because 8 "w does n look clev]1 or z silly p say1 %[ p[]4 ,! secrets ( success are affection = ! pursuit *os51 a flat refusal to be hurri$ or to pass any?+ z und]/ood :i* is n und]/ood1 & an ob/9acy ( "* :i* %all make ! /ud5t's fri5ds f9d x less tr\ble to let him h 8 own way ?an to b5d him into !irs4 ,our s*ools & academies or univ]sities are cov]tly b ess5tially radical in/itutions1 & abhorr5t to ! g5ius ( ,cons]vatism4 ,_! s9 is ! true radical s9 ( be+ 9 too great a hurry1 & ! natural result has foll[$1 !y wa/e f> m "t ?an !y save4 ,b x mu/ be rememb]$ t ?is proposition l e o!r wants temp]+ ) a slight infusion ( its direct opposite4 ,i said 9 an e>ly "p ( ?is book t ! be/ te/ to "k :e!r or no "o likes a picture is to ask oneself :e!r "o w\ld l to look at x if "o 0 q sure "o 0 alone4 ,! be/ te/ = a pa9t] z to :e!r he likes pa9t+ 8 picture is to ask himself :e!r he %\ld l to pa9t x if he 0 q sure t no "o except himself1 & ! few ( :om he 0 v fond1 w\ld ev] see x4 ,if he c answ] ?is "q 9 ! affirmative1 he is all "r2 if he _c1 he is all wrong4 ,i mu/ res]ve o!r rem>ks ^u ?is subject = ano!r occasion4 ,,sanctu>ies ,,( ,,oropa ,,& ,,graglia4 7,,f ,,*apt]s ,,xv4 ,,& ,,xvi4 ,,( ,,alps ,,& ,,sanctu>ies47 ,! morn+ aft] our arrival at ,biella1 we took ! daily dilig5ce = ,oropa1 leav+ ,biella at eight o'clock4 ,be=e we 7 cle> ( ! t[n we c\ld see ! long l9e ( ! hospice1 & ! *apels dott$ ab\t ne> x1 high up 9 a valley at "s di/ance (f2 pres5tly we 7 %[n ano!r f9e build+ "s eight or n9e miles away1 :i* we 7 told 0 ! sanctu>y ( ,graglia4 ,ab\t ?is "t ! pictures & /atuettes ( ! ,madonna began to *ange _! hue & to become black--= ! sacr$ image ( ,oropa be+ black1 all ! ,madonnas 9 h] imm$iate neighb\rhood are ( ! same complexion4 ,und]nea? "s ( !m is writt51 ,nigra sum s$ sum =mosa1 :i*1 z a rule1 0 m true z reg>ds ! fir/ epi!t ?an ! second4 ,x 0 n m>ket-day1 b /reams ( p 7 com+ to ! t[n4 ,_m ( !m 7 pilgrims return+ f ! sanctu>y1 b m 7 br++ ! produce ( _! f>ms or ! "w ( _! h&s = sale4 ,we _h to face a /eady /ream ( *airs1 :i* 7 com+ to t[n 9 baskets ^u wom5's heads4 ,ea* basket conta9$ twelve *airs1 ?\gh :e!r x is correct to say t ! basket conta9$ ! *airs--:5 ! *airs 7 all1 s to say1 fro? runn+ ov] ! top ( ! basket--is a po9t ,i _c settle4 ,c]ta9ly we _h nev] se5 any?+ l s _m *airs be=e1 & felt almo/ z ?\gh we _h surpris$ nature 9 ! laboratory :]efrom %e turns out ! *air-supply ( ! _w4 ,! road cont9u$ ?r\gh a succession ( villages almo/ runn+ into "o ano!r = a long way aft] ,biella 0 pass$1 b ev]y:]e we notic$ ! same air ( busy ?riv+ indu/ry :i* we _h se5 9 ,biella itself4 ,we not$ also t a prepond]ance ( ! p _h light hair1 :ile t ( ! *ildr5 0 frequ5tly ne>ly :ite1 z ?\gh ! infusion ( ,g]man blood 0 "h /rong] ev5 ?an usual4 ,?\gh s ?ickly peopl$1 ! c\ntry 0 ( great beauty4 ,ne> at h& 7 ! mo/ exquisite pa/ures close %av5 aft] _! second m[+1 gay ) autumnal crocuses1 & %ad$ ) /ately *e/nuts2 beyond 7 rugg$ m\nta9s1 9 a combe on "o ( :i* we saw ,oropa itself n[ gradually ne>+2 beh9d1 & bel[1 _m villages1 ) v9ey>ds & t]races cultivat$ to ! highe/ p]fection2 f>!r on1 ,biella already di/ant1 & beyond ?is a big />e1 z an ,am]ican might say1 ov] ! pla9s ( ,lomb>dy f ,tur9 to ,milan1 ) ! ,ap5n9es f ,g5oa to ,bologna hemm+ ! horizon4 ,on ! road imm$iately be=e u1 we /ill fac$ ! same /eady /ream ( *airs fl[+ ev] ,biella-w>d4 ,aft] a c\ple ( h\rs ! h\ses became m r>e2 we got above ! s\rces ( ! *air-/ream2 bits ( r\gh rock began to jut out f ! pa/ure2 "h & !re ! rhodod5dron began to %ew itself by ! roadside2 ! *e/nuts left (f along a l9e z level z ?\gh cut ) a knife2 /one-ro($ casc9e began to ab\nd1 ) goats & cattle fe$+ ne> !m2 ! boo?s ( ! religi\s tr9ket-mong]s increas$2 ! bl9d1 halt1 & maim$ became m importunate1 & ! foot-pass5g]s 7 m entirely compos$ ( ^? ^: object 01 or _h be51 a visit to ! sanctu>y itself4 ,! numb]s ( ^! pilgrims--g5]ally 9 _! ,sunday's be/1 & (t5 compris+ ! great] "p ( a family--7 s great1 ?\gh !re 0 no special fe/a1 z to te/ify to ! popul>ity ( ! in/itution4 ,!y g5]ally walk$ b>efoot1 & c>ri$ _! %oes & /ock+s2 _! baggage consi/$ ( a few sp>e clo!s1 a little food1 & a pot or pan or two to cook )4 ,_m ( !m look$ v tir$1 & _h evid5tly tramp$ f long di/ances--inde$1 we saw co/umes belong+ to valleys :i* c\ld n be less ?an two or ?ree days di/ant4 ,!y 7 almo/ inv>iably quiet1 respectable1 & dec5tly clad1 sometimes a little m]ry1 b nev] noisy1 & none ( !m tipsy4 ,z we travell$ along ! road1 we mu/ h fall5 9 ) sev]al hundr$s ( ^! pilgrims com+ & go+2 nor is ?is likely to be an extravagant e/imate1 see+ t ! hospice c make up m ?an five ?\s& b$s4 ,by elev5 we 7 at ! sanctu>y itself4 ,fancy a quiet upl& valley1 ! floor ( :i* is ab\t ! same height z ! top ( ,sn[don1 %ut 9 by l(ty m\nta9s ^u ?ree sides1 :ile on ! f\r? ! eye w&]s at w ov] ! pla9s bel[4 ,fancy f9d+ a level space 9 su* a valley wat]$ by a beautiful m\nta9 /ream1 & ne>ly fill$ by a pile ( collegiate build+s1 n less important ?an ^?1 we w say1 ( ,tr9ity ,college1 ,cambridge4 ,true1 ,oropa is n 9 ! lea/ l ,tr9ity1 except t "o ( its c\rts is l>ge1 grassy1 has a *apel & a f\nta9 9 x1 & rooms all r\nd x2 b ,i d n "k h[ bett] to give a r\gh description ( ,oropa ?an by comp>+ x ) "o ( our l>ge/ ,engli% colleges4 ,! build+s consi/ ( two ma9 c\rts4 ,! fir/ comprises a c\ple ( mod]n w+s1 connect$ by ! magnific5t facade ( :at is n[ ! second or inn] c\rt4 ,?is facade dates f ab\t ! middle ( ! sev5te5? c5tury2 its l[e/ /orey is =m$ by an op5 colonnade1 & ! :ole /&s ^u a rais$ t]race f :i* a noble flight ( /eps desc5ds into ! out] c\rt4 ,asc5d+ ! /eps & pass+ "u ! colonnade1 we f9d ourselves 9 ! second or inn] c\rt1 :i* is a complete quadrangle1 & is1 s at lea/ we 7 told1 ( r old] date ?an ! facade4 ,?is is ! quadrangle :i* gives its collegiate "* to ,oropa4 ,x is surr\nd$ by cloi/]s on ?ree sides1 on to :i* ! rooms 9 :i* ! pilgrims are lodg$ op5--^? at lea/ t are on ! gr\nd-floor1 b !re are ?ree /oreys4 ,! *apel1 :i* 0 d$icat$ 9 ! ye> #afjj1 juts out into ! c\rt ^u ! nor?-ea/ side4 ,on ! nor?-we/ & s\?-we/ sides are entrances ?r\gh :i* "o may pass to ! op5 c\ntry4 ,! grass at ! "t ( our visit 0 = ! mo/ "p cov]$ ) %eets spread out to dry4 ,!y look$ v nice1 &1 dri$ on su* grass1 & 9 su* an air1 !y mu/ be delici\s to sleep on4 ,!re is1 inde$1 r an appe>ance z ?\gh x 7 a p]petual wa%+-day at ,oropa1 b ?is is n to be wond]$ at consid]+ ! numb]s ( com]s & go]s2 besides1 p 9 ,italy d n make s mu* fuss ab\t trifles z we d4 ,if !y want to wa% _! %eets & dry !m1 !y d n s5d !m to ,eal+1 b lay !m out 9 ! fir/ place t comes h&y1 & nobody's bones are brok54 ,on ! ea/ side ( ! ma9 block ( build+s !re is a grassy slope adorn$ ) *apels t conta9 figures illu/rat+ sc5es 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,virg94 ,^! figures are ( t]ra-cotta1 = ! mo/ "p life-size1 & pa9t$ up to nature4 ,9 "s cases1 if ,i rememb] rightly1 !y h hemp or flax = hair1 z at ,v>allo1 & ?r\gh\t realism is aim$ at z f> z possible1 n only 9 ! figures1 b 9 ! accessories4 ,we h v little ( ! same k9d 9 ,engl&4 ,9 ! ,t[] ( ,london !re is an effigy ( ,que5 ,elizabe? go+ to ! city to give ?anks = ! defeat ( ! ,spani% ,armada4 ,?is looks z if x might h be5 ! "w ( "s "o ( ! ,valsesian sculptors4 ,!re are also ! figures t /rike ! qu>t]s ( ,sir ,john ,b5nett's city clock 9 ,*eapside4 ,! automatic movem5ts ( ^! la/-nam$ figures w\ld h /ruck ! orig9ators ( ! ,v>allo *apels ) envy4 ,!y aim$ at realism s closely t !y w\ld assur$ly h _h rec\rse to clockwork 9 "s "o or two ( _! *apels2 ,i _c d\bt1 = example1 t !y w\ld h eag]ly welcom$ ! idea ( mak+ ! cock cr[ to ,pet] by a cuckoo-clock arrangem5t1 if x _h be5 pres5t$ to !m4 ,?is op5s up ! :ole "q ( realism v]sus conv5tionalism 9 art--a subject mu* too l>ge to be treat$ "h4 ,z ,i h said1 ! f\nd]s ( ^! ,italian *apels aim$ at realism4 ,ea* *apel 0 int5d$ z an illu/ration1 & ! desire 0 to br+ ! :ole sc5e m vividly be=e ! fai?ful by comb9+ ! picture1 ! /atue1 & ! effect ( a sc5e ^u ! /age 9 a s+le "w ( art4 ,! attempt w\ld be an ambiti\s "o ?\gh made once only 9 a neighb\rhood1 b 9 mo/ ( ! places 9 ,nor? ,italy :]e any?+ ( ! k9d has be5 done1 ! p h n be5 cont5t ) a s+le illu/ration2 x has be5 _! s*eme to take a m\nta9 z ?\gh x _h be5 a book or wall & cov] x ) illu/rations4 ,9 "s cases--z at ,orta1 ^: ,sacro ,monte is p]haps ! mo/ beautiful ( all z reg>ds ! site itself--! failure is complete1 b 9 "s ( ! *apels at ,v>ese & 9 _m ( ^? at ,v>allo1 great works h be5 produc$ :i* h n yet attract$ z mu* att5tion z !y des]ve4 ,x may be d\bt$1 inde$1 :e!r !re is a m rem>kable "w ( art 9 ,nor? ,italy ?an ! crucifixion *apel at ,v>allo1 :]e ! tw5ty-five /atues1 z well z ! frescoes beh9d !m1 are 7) ! exception ( ! figure ( ,*ri/1 :i* has be5 remov$7 by ,gaud5zio ,f]r>i4 ,x is to be wi%$ t "s "o ( ^! *apels--bo? *apel & sculptures--7 reproduc$ at ,s\? ,k5s+ton4 ,v>allo1 :i* is und\bt$ly ! mo/ int]e/+ sanctu>y 9 ,nor? ,italy1 has =ty-f\r ( ^! illu/rative *apels2 ,v>ese1 fifte52 ,orta1 eighte52 & ,oropa1 sev5te54 ,no "o is all[$ to ent] !m1 except :5 repairs are ne$$2 b :5 ^! are go+ on1 z is con/antly ! case1 x is curi\s to look ?r\gh ! grat+ into ! some:at d>k5$ int]ior1 & to see a liv+ figure or two among ! /atues2 a little motion on ! "p ( a s+le figure seems to communicate itself to ! re/ & make !m all m animat$4 ,if ! liv+ figure does n move mu*1 x is easy at fir/ to mi/ake x = a t]ra-cotta "o4 ,at ,orta1 "s ye>s s9ce1 look+ "o ev5+ into a *apel :5 ! light 0 fad+1 ,i 0 surpris$ to see a sa9t :om ,i _h n se5 be=e2 he _h no glory except :at %one f a v r$ nose2 he 0 smok+ a %ort pipe1 & 0 pa9t+ ! ,virg9 ,m>y's face4 ,! t\* 0 a f9i%+ "o1 put on ) delib]ation1 sl[ly1 s t x 0 two or ?ree seconds be=e ,i discov]$ t ! int]lop] 0 no sa9t4 ,! figures 9 ! *apels at ,oropa are n z good z ! be/ ( ^? at ,v>allo1 b "s ( !m are v nice not)/&+4 ,we lik$ ! sev5? *apel ! be/--! "o :i* illu/rates ! soj\rn ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y 9 ! ,temple4 ,x conta9s =ty-f\r figures1 & repres5ts ! ,virg9 on ! po9t ( complet+ h] education z head girl at a high-ton$ academy = "y g5tlewom54 ,all ! "y ladies are at "w mak+ mitres = ! bi%op1 or work+ slipp]s 9 ,b]l9 wool = ! new curate1 b ! ,virg9 sits on a dais above ! o!rs on ! same plat=m ) ! v5]able lady-pr9cipal1 :o is hav+ passages read out to h] f "s /&>d ,hebrew writ]4 ,! /atues are ! "w ( a local sculptor1 nam$ ,aureggio1 :o liv$ at ! end ( ! sev5te5? & beg9n+ ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,! highe/ *apel mu/ be a c\ple ( hundr$ feet above ! ma9 build+s1 & f ne> x !re is an excell5t bird's-eye view ( ! sanctu>y & ! small pla9 beh9d2 desc5d+ on to ?is la/1 we ent]$ ! quadrangle f ! nor?-we/ side1 & visit$ ! *apel 9 :i* ! sacr$ image ( ! ,madonna is conta9$4 ,we did n see ! image itself1 :i* is only expos$ to public view on great occasions4 ,x is believ$ to h be5 c>v$ by ,/4 ,luke ! ,evangeli/4 ,x is said t at "o "t !re 0 actually an inscription on ! image 9 ,greek *>act]s1 ( :i* ! translation is1 ,eusebius4 ,a tok5 ( respect & affection f 8 s9c]e fri5d1 ,luke2 b ?is be+ writt5 9 *alk or p5cil only1 has be5 worn (f1 & is kn[n by tradition only4 ,i mu/ ask ! read] to cont5t himself ) ! foll[+ acc\nt ( x :i* ,i take f ,m>occo's "w ^u ,oropa3-- ,t ?is /atue ( ! ,virg9 is inde$ by ,/4 ,luke is atte/$ by ,/4 ,eusebius1 a man ( em95t piety1 & no less enlight5$ ?an tru?ful1 & ! /ore :i* he set by x is prov$ by 8 %r9k+ f no discom=ts 9 8 c>riage ( x f a di/ant c\ntry1 & by 8 anxiety to put x 9 a place ( great security4 ,8 desire1 inde$1 0 to keep x 9 ! spot :i* 0 mo/ ne> & de> to him1 s t he might extract f x ! high] incitem5t to devotion1 & m s5sible com=t 9 ! mid/ ( 8 au/]ities & apo/olic lab\rs4 ,?is tru? is fur!r confirm$ by ! quality ( ! wood f :i* ! /atue is c>v$1 :i* is commonly believ$ to be c$>2 by ! ,ea/]n "* ( ! "w2 by ! resemblance bo? ( ! l9eam5t & ! col\r to ^? ( o!r /atues by ,/4 ,luke2 by ! tradition ( ! neighb\rhood1 :i* ext5ds 9 an unbrok5 & well- assur$ l9e to ! "t ( ,/4 ,eusebius himself2 by ! miracles t h be5 work$ "h by its pres5ce1 & else:]e by its invocation1 or ev5 by indirect contact ) x2 by ! miracles1 la/ly1 :i* are inh]5t 9 ! image itself1 #caa & :i* endure to ?is day1 su* z is its immunity f all worm & f ! decay :i* w\ld naturally h occurr$ 9 x ?r\gh "t & damp--m especially 9 ! feet1 ?r\gh ! rubb+ ( religi\s objects aga9/ !m4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! au!nticity ( ?is image is s c]ta9ly & cle>ly e/abli%$1 t all supposition to ! contr>y becomes inexplicable & absurd4 ,su*1 = example1 is a hypo!sis t x %\ld n be attribut$ to ! ,evangeli/1 b to ano!r ,luke1 also call$ ',sa9t1' & a ,flor5t9e by bir?4 ,?is pa9t] liv$ 9 ! elev5? c5tury--t is to say1 ab\t sev5 c5turies aft] ! image ( ,oropa _h be5 kn[n & v5]at$6 ,?is is inde$ an ana*ronism4 ,o!r difficulties drawn ei!r f ! anci5t discipl9e ( ! ,*ur* or f ,/4 ,luke ! ,evangeli/'s pr(ession1 :i* 0 t ( a physician1 vani% at once :5 x is borne 9 m9d--fir/ly1 t ! cult ( holy images1 & especially ( t ( ! mo/ bless$ ,virg91 is ( extreme antiquity 9 ! ,*ur*1 & ( apo/olic orig91 z is prov$ by ecclesia/ical writ]s & monum5ts f\nd 9 ! catacombs :i* date1 z f> back z ! fir/ c5tury 7see among o!r au?orities1 ,nicolas1 ,la ,v]g9e viv5te nella ,*iesa1 lib4 iii4 cap4 iii4 section #b72 secondly1 t z ! m$ical pr(ession does n exclude t ( arti/s1 ,/4 ,luke may h be5 bo? arti/ & physician2 t he did actually h&le bo? ! bru% & ! scalpel is e/abli%$ by respectable & v old traditions1 to say no?+ ( o!r argum5ts :i* c be f\nd 9 imp>tial & le>n$ writ]s ^u su* matt]s4 ,i w only give "o m extract4 ,x runs3-- ,9 #ahee a celebrat$ ,roman portrait-pa9t]1 aft] hav+ c>efully inspect$ ! image ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y at ,oropa1 decl>$ x to be c]ta9ly a "w ( ! fir/ c5tury ( our era4 #cac ,i once saw a common *eap *9a copy ( ?is ,madonna ann\nc$ z to be giv5 away ) two p\nds ( tea1 9 a %op ne> ,hatton ,g>d54 ,! *ur* 9 :i* ! sacr$ image is kept is int]e/+ f ! pilgrims :o at all times frequ5t x1 & f ! collection ( votive pictures :i* adorn its walls4 ,except ! votive pictures & ! pilgrims ! *ur* conta9s little ( int]e/1 & ,i w pass on to ! con/itution & objects ( ! e/abli%m5t4 ,! objects are--#a4 ,gratuit\s lodg+ to all com]s = a space ( f ?ree to n9e days z ! rector may ?9k fit4 #b4 ,a s*ool4 #c4 ,help to ! sick & poor4 ,x is gov]n$ by a presid5t & six memb]s1 :o =m a committee4 ,f\r memb]s are *os5 by ! communal c\ncil1 & two by ! ca!dral *apt] ( ,biella4 ,at ! hospice itself !re reside a director1 ) 8 assi/ant1 a surveyor to keep ! fabric 9 repair1 a rector or dean ) six prie/s1 call$ cappellani1 & a m$ical man4 ,! gov]nm5t ( ! laundry1 s runs ! /atute on ?is head1 & analog\s dome/ic s]vices are entru/$ to a compet5t numb] ( ladies ( s\nd con/itution & good conduct1 :o live toge!r 9 ! hospice "u ! direction ( an inspectress1 & are call$ daught]s ( ,oropa4 ,! bye-laws ( ! e/abli%m5t are conceiv$ 9 a k9dly1 g5ial _s1 :i* 9 great measure acc\nts = its unmi/akable popul>ity4 ,we und]/ood t ! poor] visitors1 z a g5]al rule1 avail !mselves ( ! gratuit\s lodg+1 )\t mak+ any pres5t :5 !y leave1 b 9 spite ( ?is x is q cle> t !y are want$ to come1 & come !y accord+ly d4 ,x is sometimes difficult to lay "o's h&s ^u ! exact passages :i* convey an impression1 b z we read ! bye-laws :i* are po/$ up 9 ! cloi/]s1 we f\nd ourselves cont9ually smil+ at ! mann] 9 :i* almo/ any?+ t look$ l a prohibition c\ld be remov$ ) ! cons5t ( ! director4 ,!re is no rule :atev] ab\t visitors att5d+ ! *ur*2 all t is requir$ ( !m is t !y d n int]f]e ) ^? :o d4 ,!y mu/ n play games ( *ance1 or noisy games2 !y mu/ n make mu* noise ( any sort aft] t5 o'clock at night 7:i* corresponds ab\t ) midnight 9 ,engl&74 ,!y %\ld n draw ^u ! walls ( _! rooms1 nor cut ! furniture4 ,!y %\ld also keep _! rooms clean1 & n cook 9 ^? t are m exp5sively furni%$4 ,?is is ab\t all t !y mu/ n d1 except fee ! s]vants1 :i* is mo/ especially & p>ticul>ly =bidd54 ,if any "o infr+es ^! rules1 he is to be admoni%$1 & 9 case ( grave infraction or cont9u$ misdemeanor he may be expell$ & n readmitt$4 ,visitors :o are lodg$ 9 ! bett]-furni%$ ap>tm5ts c be wait$ ^u if !y apply at ! (fice2 ! *>ge is twop5ce = clean+ a room1 mak+ ! b$1 br++ wat]1 c4 ,if !re is m ?an "o b$ 9 a room1 a p5ny mu/ be paid = e b$ ov] ! fir/4 ,boots c be clean$ = a p5ny1 %oes = a halfp5ny4 ,= c>ry+ wood1 c41 ei!r a halfp5ny or a p5ny w be exact$ accord+ to ! "t tak54 ,paym5t = ^! s]vices mu/ n be made to ! s]vant1 b at ! (fice4 ,! gates close at t5 o'clock at night1 & op5 at sunrise1 b if any visitor wi%es to make ,alp9e excursions1 or has any o!r suffici5t reason1 he %\ld let ! director "k4 ,families occupy+ _m rooms mu/--:5 ! hospice is v cr[d$1 & :5 !y h _h due notice--manage to pack !mselves into a small] compass4 ,no "o c h rooms kept = him4 ,x is to be /rictly fir/ come1 fir/ s]v$4 ,no "o mu/ sublet 8 room4 ,visitors mu/ n g away )\t giv+ up ! key ( _! room4 ,c&les & wood may be b\ght at a fix$ price4 ,any "o wi%+ to give any?+ to ! support ( ! hospice mu/ d s only to ! director1 ! (ficial :o appo9ts ! ap>tm5ts1 ! dean or ! cappellani1 or to ! inspectress ( ! daught]s ( ,oropa1 b !y mu/ h a receipt = ev5 ! smalle/ sum2 alms-boxes1 h[ev]1 are plac$ "h & !re into :i* ! small] (f]+s may be dropp$ 7we imag9e ?is means any?+ "u a franc74 ,! poor w be f$ z well z h\s$ = ?ree days gratuit\sly--provid$ _! heal? does n require a long] /ay2 b !y mu/ n beg on ! premises ( ! hospice2 pr(essional begg>s w be at once h&$ ov] to ! m5dicity society 9 ,biella1 or ev5 p]haps to prison4 ,! poor = :om a hydropa?ic c\rse is recomm5d$1 c h x "u ! regulations made by ! committee--t is to say1 if !re is a vacant place4 ,!re are trattorie & cafes at ! hospice1 :]e refre%m5ts may be obta9$ bo? good & *eap4 ,meat is to be sold !re at ! prices curr5t 9 ,biella2 bread at two c5times ! *ilogramma m1 to pay = ! co/ ( c>riage4 ,su* are ! bye-laws ( ?is rem>kable in/itution4 ,few except ! v ri* are s "u-work$ t two or ?ree days ( *ange & re/ are n at times a boon to !m1 :ile ! m]e k t !re is a place :]e repose c be _h *eaply & pleasantly is itself a s\rce ( /r5g?4 ,"h1 s long z ! visitor wi%es to be m]ely h\s$1 no que/ions are ask$2 no "o is refus$ admittance1 except = "s obvi\sly suffici5t reason2 x is l gett+ a read+ ticket = ! ,briti% ,museum1 !re is practically b "o te/--t is to say1 desire on ! "p ( ! visitor--! com+ proves ! desire1 & ?is suffices4 ,a family1 we w say1 has j ga!r$ its fir/ h>ve/2 ! heat on ! pla9s is int5se1 & ! mal>ia f ! rice- gr\nds little less ?an pe/il5tial2 :at1 !n1 c be nic] ?an to lock up ! h\se & g = ?ree days to ! brac+ m\nta9 air ( ,oropa8 ,s at daybreak (f !y all />t trudg+1 x may be1 _! ?irty or =ty miles1 & rea*+ ,oropa by nightfall4 ,if !re is a weakly "o among !m1 "s arrangem5t is sure to be practicable :]eby he or %e c be help$ to foll[ m leisurely1 & c rema9 long] at ! hospice4 ,once arriv$1 !y g5]ally1 x is true1 g ! r\nd ( ! *apels1 & make "s slight %[ ( pilgrimage1 b ! ma9 "p ( _! "t is sp5t 9 do+ absolutely no?+4 ,x is suffici5t amusem5t to !m to sit on ! /eps1 or lie ab\t "u ! %ad[ ( ! trees1 & nei!r say any?+ nor d any?+1 b simply brea!1 & look at ! sky & at ea* o!r4 ,we saw scores ( su* p j re/+ in/9ctively 9 a k9d ( blissful wak+ dream4 ,o!rs saunt] along ! walks :i* h be5 cut 9 ! woods t surr\nd ! hospice1 or if !y h be5 p5t up 9 a t[n & h a fancy = climb+1 !re are m\nta9 excursions1 = ! mak+ ( :i* ! hospice af=ds excell5t headqu>t]s1 & :i* are look$ ^u ) e fav\r by ! au?orities4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ also t ! accommodation provid$ at ,oropa is mu* bett] ?an :at ! p are1 = ! mo/ "p1 accu/om$ to 9 _! own homes1 & ! b$s are s(t]1 m (t5 beat5 up1 & clean] ?an ^? !y h left beh9d !m4 ,besides1 !y h %eets--& beautifully clean %eets4 ,^? :o "k ! sort ( place 9 :i* an ,italian peasant is commonly cont5t to sleep1 w und]/& h[ mu* he mu/ enjoy a really clean & com=table b$1 especially :5 he has n got to pay = x4 ,sleep1 9 ! circum/ances ( com=t :i* mo/ read]s w be accu/om$ to1 is a m exp5sive ?+ ?an is commonly suppos$4 ,if we sleep eight h\rs 9 a ,london hotel we %all h to pay f #d;d4 to #f;d4 an h\r1 or f #a;d4 to #a4e;d4 = e fifte5 m9utes we lie 9 b$2 nor is x reasonable to believe t ! *>ge is excessive :5 we consid] ! va/ am\nt ( competition :i* exi/s4 ,!re is _m a man ! exp5ses ( ^: daily meat1 dr9k1 & clo?+ are less ?an :at an acc\ntant w\ld %[ u we1 _m ( u1 lay out nightly ^u our sleep4 ,! co/ ( really com=table sleep-necess>ies _c1 ( c\rse1 be ne>ly s great at ,oropa z 9 a ,london hotel1 b !y are en\gh to put !m beyond ! rea* ( ! peasant "u ord9>y circum/ances1 & he reli%es !m all ! m :5 he c get !m4 ,b :y1 x may be ask$1 %\ld ! peasant h ^! ?+s if he _c af=d to pay = !m2 & :y %\ld he n pay = !m if he c af=d to d s8 ,if su* places z ,oropa 7 common1 w\ld n lazy vagabonds sp5d _! lives 9 go+ ! r\nds ( !m1 c41 c48 ,d\btless if !re 7 _m ,oropas1 !y w\ld d m h>m ?an good1 b !re are "s ?+s :i* answ] p]fectly well z r>ities or on a small scale1 out ( :i* all ! virtue w\ld dep>t if !y 7 common or on a l>g] "o2 & c]ta9ly ! impression left ^u our m9ds by ,oropa 0 t its effects 7 excell5t4 ,grant$ ! s\nd rule to be t a man %\ld pay = :at he has1 or g )\t x2 9 practice1 h[ev]1 x is f\nd impossible to c>ry ?is rule out /rictly4 ,:y does ! nation give ,a4 ,b41 = in/ance1 & all com]s a l>ge1 com=table1 well-v5tilat$1 w>m room to sit 91 ) *air1 table1 read+-desk1 c41 all m commodi\s ?an :at he may h at home1 )\t mak+ him pay a sixp5ce = x directly f ye>'s end to ye>'s end8 ,! ?ree or n9e days' visit to ,oropa is a trifle 9 comp>ison ) :at we c all ( u obta9 9 ,london if we c>e ab\t x en\gh to take a v small am\nt ( tr\ble4 ,true1 "o _c sleep 9 ! read+-room ( ! ,briti% ,museum--n all night1 at lea/--b by day "o c make a home ( x = ye>s toge!r except dur+ clean+ times1 & !n x is h>d if "o _c get into ! ,national ,gall]y or ,s\? ,k5s+ton1 & be w>m1 quiet1 & ent]ta9$ )\t pay+ = x4 ,x w be said t x is = ! national int]e/ t p %\ld h access to treasuries ( art or k1 & !re=e x is wor? ! nation's :ile to pay = plac+ ! means ( do+ s at _! disposal2 grant$1 b is n a good b$ "o ( ! great ends ( k1 :]eto x mu/ "w1 if x is to be acc\nt$ k at all8 & x is n wor? a nation's :ile t h] *ildr5 %\ld n[ & aga9 h practical exp]i5ce ( a high] /ate ( ?+s ?an ! "o !y are accu/om$ to1 & a few days' re/ & *ange ( sc5e & air1 ev5 ?\gh %e may f "t to "t h to pay some?+ 9 ord] to enable !m to d s8 ,!re c be few books :i* d an av]agely- educat$ ,engli%man s mu* good1 z ! glimpse ( com=t :i* he gets by sleep+ 9 a good b$ 9 a well-appo9t$ room does to an ,italian peasant2 su* a glimpse gives him an idea ( high] pot5tialities 9 connection ) himself1 & n]ves him to ex]tions :i* he w\ld n o!rwise make4 ,on ! :ole1 !re=e1 we conclud$ t if ! ,briti% ,museum read+-room 0 9 good economy1 ,oropa 0 s also2 at any rate1 x seem$ to be mak+ a l>ge numb] ( v nice p quietly happy--& x is h>d to say m ?an ?is 9 fav\r ( any place or in/itution4 ,! idea ( any sudd5 *ange is z repulsive to u z x w be to ! great] numb] ( my read]s2 b if ask$ :e!r we ?\ght our ,engli% univ]sities w\ld d mo/ good 9 _! pres5t condition z places ( s-call$ education1 or if !y 7 turn$ into ,oropas1 & all ! educational "p ( ! /ory totally suppress$1 we incl9$ to ?9k !y w\ld be m popul> & m useful 9 ?is latt] capacity4 ,we ?\ght also t ,ox=d & ,cambridge 7 j ! places1 & conta9$ all ! appliances & end[m5ts almo/ ready made = con/itut+ two spl5did & truly imp]ial cities ( recreation--univ]sities 9 de$ z well z 9 "n4 ,nev]!less we %\ld n v5ture to propose any fur!r actual re=m dur+ ! pres5t g5]ation ?an to c>ry ! pr9ciple :i* is already admitt$ z reg>ds ! ,m4,a4 a degree a trifle fur!r1 & to make ! ,b4,a4 degree a m]e matt] ( lapse ( "t & fees--leav+ ! little g1 & :atev] corresponds to x at ,ox=d1 z ! f9al exam9ation4 ,?is w\ld be en\gh = ! pres5t4 ,!re is ano!r sanctu>y ab\t ?ree h\rs' walk ov] ! m\nta9 beh9d ,oropa1 at ,&orno1 & d$icat$ to ,/4 ,john4 ,we 7 prev5t$ by ! wea!r f visit+ x1 b und]/& t its objects are mu* ! same z ^? ( ! in/itution ,i h j describ$4 ,i w n[ proce$ to ! ?ird sanctu>y = :i* ! neighb\rhood ( ,biella is r5[n$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,at ,graglia ,i 0 %[n all ov] ! rooms 9 :i* /rang]s are lodg$1 & f\nd !m n only com=table b luxuri\s--decid$ly m s ?an ^? ( ,oropa2 !re 0 ! same cleanl9ess ev]y:]e :i* ,i _h notic$ 9 ! re/aurant4 ,z "o /&s at ! w9d[s or on ! balconies & looks d[n to ! tops ( ! *e/nuts1 & ov] ^! to ! pla9s1 "o feels almo/ z if "o c\ld fly out ( ! w9d[ l a bird2 = ! slope ( ! hills is s rapid t "o has a s5se ( be+ already susp5d$ 9 mid-air4 ,i ?\ght ,i obs]v$ a desire to attract ,engli% visitors 9 ! pictures :i* ,i saw 9 ! b$rooms4 ,?us !re 0 ,a view ( ! ,black-lead ,m9e 9 ,cumb]l&1 a col\r$ ,engli% pr9t ( ! end ( ! la/ c5tury or ! beg9n+ ( ?is1 aft]1 ,i ?9k1 ,l\!rb\rg1 & 9 sev]al rooms !re 7 ,engli% engrav+s aft] ,m>t94 ,! ,engli% w n1 ,i ?9k1 regret if !y yield to ^! attractions4 ,!y w f9d ! air cool1 %ady walks1 good food1 & reasonable prices4 ,_! rooms w n be *>g$ =1 b !y w d well to give ! same z !y w\ld h paid at a hotel4 ,i saw 9 "o room "o ( ^? flippant1 frivol\s1 ,lor5zo de' ,m$ici mat*boxes on :i* !re 0 a gaudily-col\r$ nymph 9 high-heel$ boots & tights1 smok+ a cig>ette4 ,feel+ t ,i 0 9 a sanctu>y1 ,i 0 a little surpris$ t su* a mat*box %\ld h be5 tol]at$4 ,i suppose x _h be5 left beh9d by "s gue/4 ,i %\ld myself select a mat*box ) ! ,nativity or ! ,flight into ,egypt ^u x1 if ,i 7 go+ to /ay a week or s at ,graglia4 ,i d n ?9k ,i c h look$ surpris$ or sc&alis$1 b ! wor?y (ficial :o 0 ) me c\ld j see t !re 0 some?+ on my m9d4 ,d y want a mat*8 said he1 imm$iately rea*+ me ! box4 ,i help$ myself1 & ! matt] dropp$4 ,!re 7 _m few] p at ,graglia ?an at ,oropa1 & !y 7 ri*]4 ,i did n see any poor ab\t1 b ,i may h be5 !re dur+ a slack "t4 ,an impression 0 left ^u me1 ?\gh ,i _c say :e!r x 0 well or ill f\nd$1 z ?\gh !re 7 a tacit und]/&+ betwe5 ! e/abli%m5ts at ,oropa & ,graglia t ! "o 0 to adapt itself to ! poor]1 & ! o!r to ! ri*] classes ( society2 & ?is n f any sordid motive1 b f a recognition ( ! fact t any great am\nt ( int]mixture betwe5 ! poor & ! ri* is n f\nd satisfactory to ei!r "o or ! o!r4 ,any wide diff]5ce 9 =tune does practically am\nt to a specific diff]5ce1 :i* r5d]s ! memb]s ( ei!r species m or less suspici\s ( ^? ( ! o!r1 & seldom f]tile int] se4 ,! well-to-d work+-man c help 8 poor] fri5ds bett] ?an we c4 ,if an educat$ man has money to sp>e1 he w apply x bett] 9 help+ poor educat$ p ?an ^? :o are m /rictly call$ ! poor4 ,z long z ! _w is progress+1 wide class di/9ctions are inevitable2 _! discont9uance w be a sign t equilibrium has be5 rea*$4 ,!n human civilisation w become z /ation>y z t ( ants & bees4 ,"s may say x w be v sad :5 ?is is s2 o!rs1 t x w be a good ?+2 9 tru?1 x is good ei!r way1 = progress & equilibrium h ea* ( !m advantages & disadvantages :i* make x impossible to assign sup]iority to ei!r2 b 9 bo? cases ! good greatly ov]balances ! evil2 = 9 bo? ! great majority w be fairly well cont5t$1 & w\ld hate to live "u any o!r sy/em4 ,equilibrium1 if x is ev] rea*$1 w be atta9$ v sl[ly1 & ! importance ( any *ange 9 a sy/em dep5ds entirely ^u ! rate at :i* x is made4 ,no am\nt ( *ange %ocks--or1 9 o!r words1 is important--if x is made suffici5tly sl[ly1 :ile h>dly any *ange is too small to %ock if x is made sudd5ly4 ,we may g d[n a ladd] ( t5 ?\s& feet 9 height if we d s /ep by /ep1 :ile a sudd5 fall ( six or sev5 feet may kill u4 ,! importance1 !re=e1 does n lie 9 ! *ange1 b 9 ! abruptness ( its introduction4 ,no?+ is absolutely important or absolutely unimportant2 absolutely good1 or absolutely bad4 ,?is is n :at we l to contemplate4 ,! in/9ct ( ^? ^: religion & culture are on ! surface only is to conceive t !y h f\nd1 or c f9d1 an absolute & et]nal /&>d1 ab\t :i* !y c be z e>ne/ z !y *oose4 ,!y w\ld h ev5 ! pa9s ( hell et]nal if !y c\ld4 ,if !re _h be5 any means discov]able by :i* !y c\ld torm5t !mselves beyond endurance1 we may be sure !y w\ld long s9ce h f\nd x out2 b =tunately !re is a /rong] p[] :i* b>s !m inexorably f _! desire1 & :i* has ensur$ t intol]able pa9 %all la/ only = a v little :ile4 ,= ei!r ! circum/ances or ! suff]] w *ange aft] no long "t4 ,if ! circum/ances are intol]able1 ! suff]] dies3 if !y are n intol]able1 he becomes accu/om$ to !m1 & w cease to feel !m griev\sly4 ,no matt] :at ! burd51 !re always has be51 & always mu/ be1 a way = u also to escape4 ,a ,,psalm ,,( ,,montreal4 ,! ,city ( ,montreal is "o ( ! mo/ ris+ &1 9 _m respects1 mo/ agreeable on ! ,am]ican cont95t1 b its inhabitants are z yet too busy ) comm]ce to c>e greatly ab\t ! ma/]pieces ( old ,greek ,art4 ,a ca/ ( "o ( ^! ma/]pieces--! f9e/ ( ! sev]al /atues ( ,discoboli1 or ,quoit-?r[]s--0 f\nd by ! pres5t writ] 9 ! ,montreal ,museum ( ,natural ,hi/ory2 x 01 h[ev]1 bani%$ f public view1 to a room :]e 7 all mann] ( sk9s1 plants1 snakes1 insects1 c41 & 9 ! middle ( ^!1 an old man1 /uff+ an owl4 ,! dialogue--p]haps true1 p]haps imag9>y1 p]haps a little ( "o & a little ( ! o!r--betwe5 ! writ] & ?is old man gave rise to ! l9es t foll[4 ,/[$ away 9 a ,montreal lumb]-room1 ,! ,discobolus /&e?1 & turne? 8 face to ! wall2 ,du/y1 cobweb-cov]$1 maim$1 & set at naught1 ,beauty crie? 9 an attic1 & no man reg>de?4 ,o ,god6 ,o ,montreal6 ,beautiful by night & day1 beautiful 9 summ] & w9t]1 ,:ole or maim$1 always & alike beautiful1-- ,he prea*e? gospel ( grace to ! sk9s ( owls1 ,& to "o :o seasone? ! sk9s ( ,canadian owls4 ,o ,god6 ,o ,montreal6 ,:5 ,i saw him1 ,i 0 wro?1 & ,i said1 ,o ,discobolus6 ,beautiful ,discobolus1 a ,pr9ce bo? among gods & m51 ,:at doe/ ?\ "h1 h[ came/ ?\ "h1 ,discobolus1 ,prea*+ gospel 9 va9 to ! sk9s ( owls8 ,o ,god6 ,o ,montreal6 ,& ,i turn$ to ! man ( sk9s1 & said unto him1 ,oh6 ?\ man ( sk9s1 ,:]e=e ha/ ?\ done ?us1 to %ame ! beauty ( ! ,discobolus8 ,b ! ,"l _h h>d5$ ! he>t ( ! man ( sk9s1 ,& he answ]$1 ,my bro!r-9-law is hab]da%] to ,mr4 ,spurgeon4 ,o ,god6 ,o ,montreal6 ,! ,discobolus is put "h because he is vulg>1-- ,he ha? nei!r ve/ nor pants ) :i* to cov] 8 limbs2 ,i1 sir1 am a p]son ( mo/ respectable connections1-- ,my bro!r-9-law is hab]da%] to ,mr4 ,spurgeon4 ,o ,god6 ,o ,montreal6 ,!n ,i said1 ,o bro!r-9 law to ,mr4 ,spurgeon's hab]da%]6 ,:o seasone/ also ! sk9s ( ,canadian owls1 ,?\ calle/ 'tr\s]s' 'pants1' :]eas ,i call !m 'tr\s]s1' ,!re=e ?\ art 9 hell-fire1 & may ! ,"l pity !e6 ,o ,god6 ,o ,montreal6 ,pref]re/ ?\ ! gospel ( ,montreal to ! gospel ( ,hellas1 ,! gospel ( ?y connection ) ,mr4 ,spurgeon's hab]da%]y to ! gospel ( ! ,discobolus8 ,yet none ! less blasphem$ he beauty1 say+1 ,! ,discobolus ha? no gospel1-- ,b my bro!r-9-law is hab]da%] to ,mr4 ,spurgeon4 ,o ,god6 ,o ,montreal6 ,,pr9t$ ,,by ,,ballantyne1 ,,hanson ,,& ,,co4 ,,ed9burgh ,,& ,,london4 ,works by ! same ,au?or4 ,six? ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo1 ,clo?1 #fs4 ,,ere:on2 or1 ,,ov] ,,! ,,range4 ,op4 #a4 ,a ,,"w ,,( ,,satire ,,& ,,imag9ation4 ,second ,edition4 ,demy #hvo1 ,clo?1 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,! ,,fair ,,hav54 ,op4 #b4 ,a "w 9 ,def5ce ( ! ,miracul\s ,elem5t 9 our ,"l's ,m9i/ry on e>?1 bo? z aga9/ ,rationali/ic ,impugn]s & c]ta9 ,or?odox ,def5d]s4 ,writt5 "u ! pseudonym ( ,,john ,,pick>d ,,ow51 ) a ,memoir by 8 suppos$ bro!r1 ,,william ,,bick]/e? ,,ow54 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo1 ,clo?1 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,life ,,& ,,habit4 ,op4 #c4 ,,an ,,essay ,,aft] ,a ,,complet] ,,view ,,( ,,evolution4 ,second ,edition1 ) ,app5dix & ,index4 ,cr[n #hvo1 ,clo?1 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,,evolution1 ,,old ,,& ,,new4 ,op4 #d4 ,a ,comp>ison ( ! !ories ( ,buffon1 ,dr4 ,erasmus ,d>w91 & ,lam>ck1 ) t ( ! late ,mr4 ,*>les ,d>w91 ) copi\s extracts f ! works ( ! ?ree fir/-nam$ writ]s4 ,cr[n #hvo1 ,clo?1 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,unconsci\s ,,memory4 ,op4 #e4 ,a ,comp>ison betwe5 ! !ory ( ,dr4 ,ewald ,h]+1 ,pr(essor ( ,physiology at ! ,univ]sity ( ,prague1 & ! ,philosophy ( ! ,unconsci\s ( ,dr4 ,edw>d ,von ,h>tmann1 ) translations f bo? ^! au?ors1 & prelim9>y *apt]s be>+ on ,life & ,habit1 ,evolution1 ,old & ,new1 & ,mr4 ,*>les ,d>w9's edition ( ,dr4 ,krause's ,erasmus ,d>w94 ,pott ,qu>to1 ,clo?1 #bas4 ,,alps ,,& ,,sanctu>ies ,,( ,,pi$mont ,,& ,,! ,,canton ,,tic9o4 ,op4 #f4 ,pr(usely ,illu/rat$ by ,*>les ,gog91 ,h4 ,f4 ,jones1 & ! ,au?or4 ,footnotes3 iii ,see page #bcd ( ?is book4 #a ,! fir/ edition ( ,ere:on 0 publi%$ 9 ! spr+ ( #ahgb4 #dg ,! my? above allud$ to exi/s 9 ,ere:on ) *ang$ names & consid]able modifications4 ,i h tak5 ! lib]ty ( ref]r+ to ! /ory z famili> to ourselves4 #dh ,! fir/ edition ( ! ,fair ,hav5 0 publi%$ ,april #ahgc4 #fh ,! fir/ edition ( ,life & ,habit 0 publi%$ 9 ,decemb]1 #ahgg4 #if ,see page #bbh ( ?is book1 ,rem>ks on ,mr4 ,romanes' ',m5tal ,evolution 9 ,animals4' #aai ,kegan ,paul1 #ahge4 #abe ,x is n[ 7,janu>y #ahhd7 m ?an six ye>s s9ce ,life & ,habit 0 publi%$1 b ,i h come across no?+ :i* makes me wi% to alt] x to any mat]ial ext5t4 #abg ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! late ,mr4 ,c4 ,d>w9 expressly d5i$ t in/9ct & inh]it$ habit are g5]ally to be connect$4--,see ,mr4 ,d>w9's ,orig9 ( ,species1 end ( *apt] viii41 :]e he expresses 8 surprise t no "o has hi!rto adduc$ ! in/9cts ( neut] insects aga9/ ! well-kn[n doctr9e ( inh]it$ habit z advanc$ by ,lam>ck4 ,mr4 ,romanes1 9 8 ,m5tal ,evolution 9 ,animals 7,novemb]1 #ahhc71 ref]s to ?is passage ( ,mr4 ,d>w9's1 & endorses x ) approbation 7p4 #big74 #aca ,evolution1 ,old & ,new1 0 publi%$ 9 ,may1 #ahgi4 #acd;a ,quatrefages1 ,metamorphoses de l',homme et des ,animaux1 #ahfb1 p4 #db2 ,g4 ,h4 ,lewes1 ,physical ,basis ( ,m9d1 #ahgg1 p4 #hc4 #acd;b ,i h be5 unable1 ?r\gh want ( space1 to give ?is *apt] "h4 #ada ,page #baj1 fir/ edition4 #add #ahgh4 #adh ,nat4 ,!ol4 *4 xxiii4 #aec;a #ahgh4 #aec;b ,oiseaux1 vol4 i4 p4 #e4 #afb ,disc\rs de ,reception a l',academie ,francaise4 #afc ,i ,cor4 xiii4 #h1 #ac4 #afd;a ,tom4 i4 p4 #bd1 #agdi4 #afd;b ,tom4 i4 p4 #dj1 #agdi4 #afe ,vol4 i4 p4 #cd1 #agdi4 #aff;a ,tom4 i4 p4 #cf4 #aff;b ,see p4 #agc4 #aff;c ,tom4 i4 p4 #cc4 #afh ,! ,naturali/'s ,libr>y1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bc4 ,ed9burgh1 #ahdc4 #agd ,tom4 iv4 p4 #cha1 #agec4 #agf ,tom4 iv4 p4 #chc1 #agec 7?is 0 ! fir/ volume on ! l[] animals74 #agg;a ,tom xiii4 p4 #agfe4 #agg;b ,sup4 tom4 v4 p4 #bg1 #aggh4 #ahj ,tom4 i4 p4 #bh1 #agdi4 #aha;a ,unconsci\s ,memory 0 publi%$ ,decemb]1 #ahhj4 #aha;b ,see ,unconsci\s ,memory1 *ap4 vi4 #aha;c ,! ,_s ( ,nature1 p4 #ci4 ,j4 ,a4 ,*ur*ill ,co4 #ahhj4 #ahd ,i h put ^! words into ! m\? ( my suppos$ objector1 & %all put o!rs l !m1 because !y are *>act]i/ic2 b no?+ c become s well kn[n z to escape be+ an inf]5ce4 #ahi ,ere:on1 *ap1 xxiii4 #aih;a ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t ?is passage is put z if 9 ! m\? ( an objector4 #aih;b ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c] d5ies t !re c be memory )\t a tol]ably delib]ate succession ( psy*ical /ates4 #aih;c ,s t practically he d5ies t !re c be any su* ?+ z unconsci\s memory4 ,nev]!less a few pages lat] on he says t consci\s memory passes into unconsci\s or organic memory4 #aih;d ,x is pla91 !re=e1 t he c\ld aft] all f9d no expression bett] suit$ = 8 purpose4 ,mr4 ,romanes is1 ,i ?9k1 "r 9 sett+ aside ,mr4 ,sp5c]'s limitation ( memory to consci\s memory4 ,he writes1 ,because ,i h s (t5 se5 ! sun %9e t my memory ( x z %9+ has become automatic1 ,i see no reason :y my memory ( ?is fact1 simply on acc\nt ( its p]fection1 %\ld be call$ no memory4 #aih;e #aih;c ,pr9ciples ( ,psy*ology1 ,i41 #ddg4 #aih;d ,ibid1 p4 #deb4 #aih;e ,m5tal ,evolution 9 ,animals1 p4 #acj #bag ,n9ete5? ,c5tury1 ,nov4 #ahgh1 p4 #hbf4 #bah ,encyclop$ia ,britannica1 ,art4 ,biology1 #i? ed41 ,vol4 #c1 p4 #fhi4 #bbj;a ,pr(essor ,huxley1 ,encycl4 ,brit41 #i? ed41 ,art4 ,evolution1 p4 #gej4 #bbj;b ,hume1 by ,pr(essor ,huxley1 p4 #de4 #bbj;c ,! ,philosophy ( ,crayfi%es1 by ! ,"r ,rev4 ! ,"l ,bi%op ( ,c>lisle4 ,n9ete5? ,c5tury = ,octob] #ahhj1 p4 #fcf4 #bba ,les ,am\rs des ,plantes1 p4 #cfj4 ,p>is1 #ahjj4 #bbb;a ,philosophie ,zoologique1 tom4 i4 p4 #bca4 ,ed4 ,m4 ,m>t94 ,p>is1 #ahgc4 #bbb;b ,^? :o read ! ?ree foll[+ *apt]s w see t ^! words1 writt5 9 #ahhj1 h come out ne> ! tru? 9 #ahhd4 #bbc;a ,j\rnal ( ! ,proce$+s ( ! ,l9nean ,society4 ,williams ,norgate4 #aheh1 p4 #fa4 #bbc;b ,contributions to ! ,!ory ( ,natural ,selection1 #b;d ed41 #ahga1 p4 #da4 #bbc;c ,orig9 ( ,species1 p4 ,i1 ed4 #ahgb4 #bbc;d ,orig9 ( ,species1 #f? ed41 p4 #bjf4 ,i ought 9 fairness to ,mr ,d>w9 to say t he does n hold ! error to be q z s]i\s z he once did4 ,x is n[ a s]i\s error only2 9 #ahei x 0 mo/ s]i\s error4--,orig9 ( ,species1 #a/ ed41 p4 #bji4 #bbd ,orig9 ( ,species1 #a/ ed41 p4 #bdb2 #f? ed41 p4 #bcc4 #bbe;a ,i nev] c\ld f9d :at ^! p>ticul> po9ts 74 #bbe;b ,isidore ,ge(frey1 ,hi/4 ,nat4 ,g541 tom4 ii4 p4 #djg1 #ahei4 #bbe;c ,m4 ,m>t9's edition ( ! ,philosophie ,zoologique 7,p>is1 #ahgc71 ,introduction1 p4 vi4 #bbe;d ,encyclopa$ia ,britannica1 #i? ed41 p4 #gej4 #bbh;a ,kegan ,paul ,co41 #ahhc4 #bbh;b ,pr9ciples ( ,psy*ology1 ,vol4 ,i4 p4 #dde4 #bbh;c ,ibid4 ,i4 #def4 #bbh;d ,problems ( ,life & ,m9d1 fir/ s]ies1 ,vol4 ,i41 #crd ed4 #ahgd1 p4 #ada1 & ,problem ,i4 #ba4 #bbh;e p4 #cc4 #bbh;f p4 #gg4 #bbh;g p4 #aae4 #bbi ,translation ( ,pr(essor ,h]+'s address on ,memory z an ,organis$ ,function ( ,matt]1 ,unconsci\s ,memory1 p4 #aaf4 #bcj ,see ,zoonomia1 ,vol4 ,i4 p4 #dhd4 #bca;a ,problems ( ,life & ,m9d1 ,i4 pp4 #bci1 #bdj3 #ahgd4 #bca;b ,kegan ,paul4 ,novemb]1 #ahhc4 #bcb;a ,m5tal ,evolution 9 ,animals1 p4 #aac4 #bcb;b ,ibid4 p4 #aae4 #bcb;c ,ibid4 p4 #aaf4 ,kegan ,paul4 ,nov4 #ahhc4 #bcc;a ,m5tal ,evolution 9 ,animals1 p4 #aca4 ,kegan ,paul4 ,nov4 #ahhc4 #bcc;b ,vol4 ,i41 #crd ed4 #ahgd1 p4 #ada1 & ,problem ,i4 #ba4 #bcc;c ,m5tal ,evolution 9 ,animals1 pp4 #agg1 #agh4 ,nov4 #ahhc4 #bcd;a ,m5tal ,evolution 9 ,animals1 p4 #aic4 #bcd;b ,ibid1 p4 #aie4 #bcd;c ,ibid1 p4 #bif4 ,nov4 #ahhc4 #bcd;d ,ibid4 p4 #aib4 ,nov4 #ahhc4 #bce ,m5tal ,evolution 9 ,animals1 p4 #bif4 ,nov4 #ahhc4 #bcf;a ,see page #bbh4 #bcf;b ,m5tal ,evolution 9 ,animals1 p4 #cc4 ,nov4 #ahhc4 #bcf;c ,ibid1 p4 #aaf4 #bcf;d ,ibid4 p4 #agh4 #bci ,evolution1 ,old & ,new1 pp4 #ceg1 #ceh4 #bdj ,m5tal ,evolution 9 ,animals1 p4 #aei4 ,kegan ,paul ,co41 #ahhc4 #bda ,zoonomia1 ,vol4 ,i4 p4 #dhd4 #bdb;a ,m5tal ,evolution 9 ,animals1 p4 #big4 ,kegan ,paul ,co41 #ahhc4 #bdb;b ,ibid4 p4 #bja4 #bdc;a ,m5tal ,evolution 9 ,animals1 p4 #cja4 ,novemb]1 #ahhc4 #bdc;b ,orig9 ( ,species1 ,ed4 ,i4 p4 #bji4 #bdc;c ,ibid1 ,ed4 ,,vi4 #ahgf1 p4 #bjf4 #bdc;d ,=mation ( ,vegetable ,m\ld1 c41 p4 #ih4 #bdd;a ,quot$ by ,mr4 ,romanes z writt5 9 ! la/ ye> ( ,mr4 ,d>w9's life4 #bdd;b ,macmillan1 #ahhc4 #bdg ,nature1 ,jan4 #bg1 #ahha4 #bdh;a ,nature1 ,jan4 #bg1 #ahha4 #bdh;b ,ibid41 ,feb4 #c1 #ahha4 #bdi ,nature1 ,jan4 #bg1 #ahha4 #bej ,m9d1 ,octob]1 #ahhc4 #beb;a ,m9d = ,octob] #ahhc1 p4 #dih4 #beb;b ,ibid1 p4 #eje1 ,octob] #ahhc4 #bed;a ,pr9ciples ( ,psy*ology1 ,i4 #dbb4 #bed;b ,ibid4 ,i4 #dbd4 #bed;c ,ibid4 ,i4 #dbd4 #bee ,! fir/ edition ( ,alps & ,sanctu>ies 0 publi%$ ,dec4 #ahhb4 #bfe ,pr9c4 ( ,psy*41 ed4 #c1 ,vol4 ,i41 p4 #acf1 #ahhj4 #bfi ,curiosities ( ,lit]ature1 ,lond4 #ahff1 ,r\tl$ge ,co41 p4 #bgb4 #bge ,see p4 #hg ( ?is vol4 #bgf ,ivanhoe1 *ap xxiii41 ne> ! beg9n+4 #bhg ,well1 my de> sir1 ,i am sorry y d n ?9k z ,i d1 b 9 ^! days we _c all ( u />t ) ! same pr9ciples4 #bid ,= ^! ,i mu/ ref] ! read] to ,alps & ,sanctu>ies itself4 #caa ,dalle m]aviglie f9alm5te *e sono in]5ti al simulacro /esso4--,c5ni /orico arti/ici intorno al santu>io di ,oropa4 7,pr(4 ,maurizio1 ,m>occo4 ,tur91 ,milan1 #ahff1 p4 #cbi47 #cac ,m>occo1 p4 #cca4