,,morals ,,and ,,dogma ,,of ,,the ,,ancient ,,and ,,accepted ,,scottish ,,rite ,,of ,,freemasonry ,,prepared ,,for ,,the ,,supreme ,,council ,,of ,,the ,,thirty-,,third ,,degree ,,for ,,the ,,southern ,,jurisdiction ,,of ,,the ,,united ,,states ,,and ,,published ,,by ,,its ,,authority4 ,,charleston ,a4'4 ,m4'4 #efcb ,entered according to ,act of ,congress1 in the year #ahga1 by ,,albert ,,pike1 ,in the ,office of the ,librarian of ,congress1 at ,washington4 ,entered according to ,act of ,congress1 in the year #aijf1 by ,,the ,,supreme ,,council ,,of ,,the ,,southern ,,jurisdiction1 ,a4 ,a4 ,s4 ,r41 ,u4 ,s4 ,a41 ,in the ,office of the ,librarian of ,congress1 at ,washington1 ,l4 ,h4 ,jenkins1 ,inc4 ,edition ,book ,manufacturers ,richmond4 ,va4 ,reprinted1 ,february1 #aidd4 ,,preface4 ,the following work has been prepared by authority of the ,supreme ,council of the ,thirty-third ,degree1 for the ,southern ,jurisdiction of the ,united ,states1 by the ,grand ,commander1 and is now published by its direction4 ,it contains the ,lectures of the ,ancient and ,accepted ,scottish ,rite in that jurisdiction1 and is specially intended to be read and studied by the ,brethren of that obedience1 in connection with the ,rituals of the ,degrees4 ,it is hoped and expected that each will furnish himself with a copy1 and make himself familiar with it2 for which purpose1 as the cost of the work consists entirely in the printing and binding1 it will be furnished at a price as moderate as possible4 ,no individual will receive pecuniary profit from it1 except the agents for its sale4 ,it has been copyrighted1 to prevent its republication elsewhere1 and the copyright1 like those of all the other works prepared for the ,supreme ,council1 has been assigned to ,trustees for that ,body4 ,whatever profits may accrue from it will be devoted to purposes of charity4 ,the ,brethren of the ,rite in the ,united ,states and ,canada will be afforded the opportunity to purchase it1 nor is it forbidden that other ,masons shall2 but they will not be solicited to do so4 ,in preparing this work1 the ,grand ,commander has been about equally ,author and ,compiler2 since he has extracted quite half its contents from the works of the best writers and most philosophic or eloquent thinkers4 ,perhaps it would have been better and more acceptable if he had extracted more and written less4 ,still1 perhaps half of it is his own2 and1 in incorporating here the thoughts and words of others1 he has continually changed and added to the language1 often intermingling1 in the same sentences1 his own words with theirs4 ,it not being intended for the world at large1 he has felt at liberty to make1 from all accessible sources1 a ,compendium of the ,morals and ,dogma of the ,rite1 to re-mould sentences1 change and add to words and phrases1 combine them with his own1 and use them as if they were his own1 to be dealt with at his pleasure and so availed of as to make the whole most valuable for the purposes intended4 ,he claims1 therefore1 little of the merit of authorship1 and has not cared to distinguish his own from that which he has taken from other sources1 being quite willing that every portion of the book1 in turn1 may be regarded as borrowed from some old and better writer4 ,the teachings of these ,readings are not sacramental1 so far as they go beyond the realm of ,morality into those of other domains of ,thought and ,truth4 ,the ,ancient and ,accepted ,scottish ,rite uses the word ,dogma in its true sense1 of doctrine1 or teaching2 and is not dogmatic in the odious sense of that term4 ,every one is entirely free to reject and dissent from whatsoever herein may seem to him to be untrue or unsound4 ,it is only required of him that he shall weigh what is taught1 and give it fair hearing and unprejudiced judgment4 ,of course1 the ancient theosophic and philosophic speculations are not embodied as part of the doctrines of the ,rite2 but because it is of interest and profit to know what the ,ancient ,intellect thought upon these subjects1 and because nothing so conclusively proves the radical difference between our human and the animal nature1 as the capacity of the human mind to entertain such speculations in regard to itself and the ,deity4 ,but as to these opinions themselves1 we may say1 in the words of the learned ,canonist1 ,ludovicus ,gomez3 ,opiniones secundum varietatem1 temporum senescant et intermoriantur1 alique divers vel prioribus contrarioe renescantur et deinde pubescant4 ,titles of ,degrees as herein given have in some instances been changed4 ,correct titles are as follows3 #a--;,apprentice4 #b--;,fellow-craft4 #c--,master4 #d--,secret ,master4 #e--,perfect ,master4 #f--;,intimate ,secretary4 #g--,provost and ,judge4 #h--;,intendant of the ,building4 #i--;,elu of the ,nine4 #aj--;,elu of the ,fifteen4 #aa--;,elu of the ,twelve4 #ab--,master ,architect4 #ac--,royal ,arch of ,solomon4 #ad--,perfect ,elu4 #ae--,knight of the ,east4 #af--,prince of ,jerusalem4 #ag--,knight of the ,east and ,west4 #ah--,knight ,rose ,croix4 #ai--,pontiff4 #bj--,master of the ,symbolic ,lodge4 #ba--,noachite or ,prussian ,knight4 #bb--,knight of the ,royal ,axe or ,prince of ,libanus4 #bc--;,chief of the ,tabernacle4 #bd--,prince of the ,tabernacle4 #be--,knight of the ,brazen ,serpent4 #bf--,prince of ,mercy4 #bg--,knight ,commander of the ,temple4 #bh--,knight of the ,sun or ,prince ,adept4 #bi--,scottish ,knight of ,st4 ,andrew4 #cj--,knight ,kadosh4 #ca--;,inspector ,inquisitor #cb--,master of the ,royal ,secret4 ,,morals ,,and ,,dogma4 ,,lodge ,,of ,,perfection4 ,,morals ,,and ,,dogma4 ,illustration ,i4 ,,apprentice4 ,,the ,,twelve-,,inch ,,rule ,,and ,,the ,,common ,,gavel4 ,force1 unregulated or ill-regulated1 is not only wasted in the void1 like that of gunpowder burned in the open air1 and steam unconfined by science2 but1 striking in the dark1 and its blows meeting only the air1 they recoil and bruise itself4 ,it is destruction and ruin4 ,it is the volcano1 the earthquake1 the cyclone2--not growth and progress4 ,it is ,polyphemus blinded1 striking at random1 and falling headlong among the sharp rocks by the impetus of his own blows4 ,the blind ,force of the people is a ,force that must be economized1 and also managed1 as the blind ,force of steam1 lifting the ponderous iron arms and turning the large wheels1 is made to bore and rifle the cannon and to weave the most delicate lace4 ,it must be regulated by ,intellect4 ,intellect is to the people and the people's ,force1 what the slender needle of the compass is to the ship--its soul1 always counselling the huge mass of wood and iron1 and always pointing to the north4 ,to attack the citadels built up on all sides against the human race by superstitions1 despotisms1 and prejudices1 the ,force must have a brain and a law4 ,then its deeds of daring produce permanent results1 and there is real progress4 ,then there are sublime conquests4 ,thought is a force1 and philosophy should be an energy1 finding its aim and its effects in the amelioration of mankind4 ,the two great motors are ,truth and ,love4 ,when all these ,forces are combined1 and guided by the ,intellect1 and regulated by the ,,rule of ,right1 and ,justice1 and of combined and systematic movement and effort1 the great revolution prepared for by the ages will begin to march4 ,the ,,power of the ,deity ,himself is in equilibrium with ,his ,,wisdom4 ,hence the only results are ,,harmony4 ,it is because ,force is ill regulated1 that revolutions prove failures4 ,therefore it is that so often insurrections1 coming from those high mountains that domineer over the moral horizon1 ,justice1 ,wisdom1 ,reason1 ,right1 built of the purest snow of the ideal after a long fall from rock to rock1 after having reflected the sky in their transparency1 and been swollen by a hundred affluents1 in the majestic path of triumph1 suddenly lose themselves in quagmires1 like a ,california river in the sands4 ,the onward march of the human race requires that the heights around it should blaze with noble and enduring lessons of courage4 ,deeds of daring dazzle history1 and form one class of the guiding lights of man4 ,they are the stars and coruscations from that great sea of electricity1 the ,force inherent in the people4 ,to strive1 to brave all risks1 to perish1 to persevere1 to be true to one's self1 to grapple body to body with destiny1 to surprise defeat by the little terror it inspires1 now to confront unrighteous power1 now to defy intoxicated triumph--these are the examples that the nations need and the light that electrifies them4 ,there are immense ,forces in the great caverns of evil beneath society2 in the hideous degradation1 squalor1 wretchedness and destitution1 vices and crimes that reek and simmer in the darkness in that populace below the people1 of great cities4 ,there disinterestedness vanishes1 every one howls1 searches1 gropes1 and gnaws for himself4 ,ideas are ignored1 and of progress there is no thought4 ,this populace has two mothers1 both of them stepmothers--,ignorance and ,misery4 ,want is their only guide--for the appetite alone they crave satisfaction4 ,yet even these may be employed4 ,the lowly sand we trample upon1 cast into the furnace1 melted1 purified by fire1 may become resplendent crystal4 ,they have the brute force of the ,,hammer1 but their blows help on the great cause1 when struck within the lines traced by the ,,rule held by wisdom and discretion4 ,yet it is this very ,force of the people1 this ,titanic power of the giants1 that builds the fortifications of tyrants1 and is embodied in their armies4 ,hence the possibility of such tyrannies as those of which it has been said1 that ,rome smells worse under ,vitellius than under ,sulla4 ,under ,claudius and under ,domitian there is a deformity of baseness corresponding to the ugliness of the tyranny4 ,the foulness of the slaves is a direct result of the atrocious baseness of the despot4 ,a miasma exhales from these crouching consciences that reflect the master2 the public authorities are unclean1 hearts are collapsed1 consciences shrunken1 souls puny4 ,this is so under ,caracalla1 it is so under ,commodus1 it is so under ,heliogabalus1 while from the ,roman senate1 under ,csar1 there comes only the rank odor peculiar to the eagle's eyrie4 ,it is the force of the people that sustains all these despotisms1 the basest as well as the best4 ,that force acts through armies2 and these oftener enslave than liberate4 ,despotism there applies the ,,rule4 ,force is the ,,mace of steel at the saddle-bow of the knight or of the bishop in armor4 ,passive obedience by force supports thrones and oligarchies1 ,spanish kings1 and ,venetian senates4 ,might1 in an army wielded by tyranny1 is the enormous sum total of utter weakness2 and so ,humanity wages war against ,humanity1 in despite of ,humanity4 ,so a people willingly submits to despotism1 and its workmen submit to be despised1 and its soldiers to be whipped2 therefore it is that battles lost by a nation are often progress attained4 ,less glory is more liberty4 ,when the drum is silent1 reason sometimes speaks4 ,tyrants use the force of the people to chain and subjugate--that is1 enyoke the people4 ,then they plough with them as men do with oxen yoked4 ,thus the spirit of liberty and innovation is reduced by bayonets1 and principles are struck dumb by cannonshot2 while the monks mingle with the troopers1 and the ,church militant and jubilant1 ,catholic or ,puritan1 sings ,te ,deums for victories over rebellion4 ,the military power1 not subordinate to the civil power1 again the ,,hammer or ,,mace of ,,force1 independent of the ,,rule1 is an armed tyranny1 born full-grown1 as ,athene sprung from the brain of ,zeus4 ,it spawns a dynasty1 and begins with ,csar to rot into ,vitellius and ,commodus4 ,at the present day it inclines to begin where formerly dynasties ended4 ,constantly the people put forth immense strength1 only to end in immense weakness4 ,the force of the people is exhausted in indefinitely prolonging things long since dead2 in governing mankind by embalming old dead tyrannies of ,faith2 restoring dilapidated dogmas2 regilding faded1 worm-eaten shrines2 whitening and rouging ancient and barren superstitions2 saving society by multiplying parasites2 perpetuating superannuated institutions2 enforcing the worship of symbols as the actual means of salvation2 and tying the dead corpse of the ,past1 mouth to mouth1 with the living ,present4 ,therefore it is that it is one of the fatalities of ,humanity to be condemned to eternal struggles with phantoms1 with superstitions1 bigotries1 hypocrisies1 prejudices1 the formulas of error1 and the pleas of tyranny4 ,despotisms1 seen in the past1 become respectable1 as the mountain1 bristling with volcanic rock1 rugged and horrid1 seen through the haze of distance is blue and smooth and beautiful4 ,the sight of a single dungeon of tyranny is worth more1 to dispel illusions1 and create a holy hatred of despotism1 and to direct ,,force aright1 than the most eloquent volumes4 ,the ,french should have preserved the ,bastile as a perpetual lesson2 ,italy should not destroy the dungeons of the ,inquisition4 ,the ,force of the people maintained the ,power that built its gloomy cells1 and placed the living in their granite sepulchres4 ,the ,,force of the people cannot1 by its unrestrained and fitful action1 maintain and continue in action and existence a free ,government once created4 ,that ,force must be limited1 restrained1 conveyed by distribution into different channels1 and by roundabout courses1 to outlets1 whence it is to issue as the law1 action1 and decision of the ,state2 as the wise old ,egyptian kings conveyed in different canals1 by sub-division1 the swelling waters of the ,nile1 and compelled them to fertilize and not devastate the land4 ,there must be the jus et norma1 the law and ,rule1 or ,gauge1 of constitution and law1 within which the public force must act4 ,make a breach in either1 and the great steam-hammer1 with its swift and ponderous blows1 crushes all the machinery to atoms1 and1 at last1 wrenching itself away1 lies inert and dead amid the ruin it has wrought4 ,the ,,force of the people1 or the popular will1 in action and exerted1 symbolized by the ,,gavel1 regulated and guided by and acting within the limits of ,,law and ,,order1 symbolized by the ,,twenty-,,four-,,inch ,,rule1 has for its fruit ,,liberty1 ,,equality1 and ,,fraternity1--liberty regulated by law2 equality of rights in the eye of the law2 brotherhood with its duties and obligations as well as its benefits4 ,you will hear shortly of the ,rough ,,ashlar and the ,perfect ,,ashlar1 as part of the jewels of the ,lodge4 ,the rough ,ashlar is said to be a stone1 as taken from the quarry1 in its rude and natural state4 ,the perfect ,ashlar is said to be a stone made ready by the hands of the workmen1 to be adjusted by the working-tools of the ,fellow-,craft4 ,we shall not repeat the explanations of these symbols given by the ,york ,rite4 ,you may read them in its printed monitors4 ,they are declared to allude to the self-improvement of the individual craftsman1--a continuation of the same superficial interpretation4 ,the rough ,ashlar is the ,,people1 as a mass1 rude and unorganized4 ,the perfect ,ashlar1 or cubical stone1 symbol of perfection1 is the ,,state1 the rulers deriving their powers from the consent of the governed2 the constitution and laws speaking the will of the people2 the government harmonious1 symmetrical1 efficient1--its powers properly distributed and duly adjusted in equilibrium4 ,if we delineate a cube on a plane surface thus3 ,illustration3 we have visible three faces1 and nine external lines1 drawn between seven points4 ,the complete cube has three more faces1 making six2 three more lines1 making twelve2 and one more point1 making eight4 ,as the number #ab includes the sacred numbers1 #c1 #e1 #g1 and #c times #c1 or #i1 and is produced by adding the sacred number #c to #i2 while its own two figures #a1 #b1 the unit or monad1 and duad1 added together1 make the same sacred number #c2 it was called the perfect number2 and the cube became the symbol of perfection4 ,produced by ,,force1 acting by ,,rule2 hammered in accordance with lines measured by the ,gauge1 out of the rough ,ashlar1 it is an appropriate symbol of the ,force of the people1 expressed as the constitution and law of the ,state2 and of the ,state itself the three visible faces represent the three departments1--the ,executive1 which executes the laws2 the ,legislative1 which makes the laws2 the ,judiciary1 which interprets the laws1 applies and enforces them1 between man and man1 between the ,state and the citizens4 ,the three invisible faces1 are ,liberty1 ,equality1 and ,fraternity1--the threefold soul of the ,state--its vitality1 spirit1 and intellect4 99 99 99 99 99 ,though ,masonry neither usurps the place of1 nor apes religion1 prayer is an essential part of our ceremonies4 ,it is the aspiration of the soul toward the ,absolute and ,infinite ,intelligence1 which is the ,one ,supreme ,deity1 most feebly and misunderstandingly characterized as an ,,architect4 ,certain faculties of man are directed toward the ,unknown--thought1 meditation1 prayer4 ,the unknown is an ocean1 of which conscience is the compass4 ,thought1 meditation1 prayer1 are the great mysterious pointings of the needle4 ,it is a spiritual magnetism that thus connects the human soul with the ,deity4 ,these majestic irradiations of the soul pierce through the shadow toward the light4 ,it is but a shallow scoff to say that prayer is absurd1 because it is not possible for us1 by means of it1 to persuade ,god to change ,his plans4 ,he produces foreknown and foreintended effects1 by the instrumentality of the forces of nature1 all of which are ,his forces4 ,our own are part of these4 ,our free agency and our will are forces4 ,we do not absurdly cease to make efforts to attain wealth or happiness1 prolong life1 and continue health1 because we cannot by any effort change what is predestined4 ,if the effort also is predestined1 it is not the less our effort1 made of our free will4 ,so1 likewise1 we pray4 ,will is a force4 ,thought is a force4 ,prayer is a force4 ,why should it not be of the law of ,god1 that prayer1 like ,faith and ,love1 should have its effects8 ,man is not to be comprehended as a starting-point1 or progress as a goal1 without those two great forces1 ,faith and ,love4 ,prayer is sublime4 ,orisons that beg and clamor are pitiful4 ,to deny the efficacy of prayer1 is to deny that of ,faith1 ,love1 and ,effort4 ,yet the effects produced1 when our hand1 moved by our will1 launches a pebble into the ocean1 never cease2 and every uttered word is registered for eternity upon the invisible air4 ,every ,lodge is a ,temple1 and as a whole1 and in its details symbolic4 ,the ,universe itself supplied man with the model for the first temples reared to the ,divinity4 ,the arrangement of the ,temple of ,solomon1 the symbolic ornaments which formed its chief decorations1 and the dress of the ,high-,priest1 all had reference to the order of the ,universe1 as then understood4 ,the ,temple contained many emblems of the seasons-the sun1 the moon1 the planets1 the constellations ,ursa ,major and ,minor1 the zodiac1 the elements1 and the other parts of the world4 ,it is the ,master of this ,lodge1 of the ,universe1 ,hermes1 of whom ,khrm is the representative1 that is one of the lights of the ,lodge4 ,for further instruction as to the symbolism of the heavenly bodies1 and of the sacred numbers1 and of the temple and its details1 you must wait patiently until you advance in ,masonry1 in the mean time exercising your intellect in studying them for yourself4 ,to study and seek to interpret correctly the symbols of the ,universe1 is the work of the sage and philosopher4 ,it is to decipher the writing of ,god1 and penetrate into ,his thoughts4 ,this is what is asked and answered in our catechism1 in regard to the ,lodge4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,lodge is defined to be an assemblage of ,freemasons1 duly congregated1 having the sacred writings1 square1 and compass1 and a charter1 or warrant of constitution1 authorizing them to work4 ,the room or place in which they meet1 representing some part of ,king ,solomon's ,temple1 is also called the ,lodge2 and it is that we are now considering4 ,it is said to be supported by three great columns1 ,,wisdom1 ,,force or ,,strength1 and ,,beauty1 represented by the ,master1 the ,senior ,warden1 and the ,junior ,warden2 and these are said to be the columns that support the ,lodge1 because ,wisdom1 ,strength1 and ,beauty1 are the perfections of everything1 and nothing can endure without them4 ,because1 the ,york ,rite says1 it is necessary that there should be ,wisdom to conceive1 ,strength to support1 and ,beauty to adorn1 all great and important undertakings4 ,know ye not1 says the ,apostle ,paul1 that ye are the temple of ,god1 and that the ,spirit of ,god dwelleth in you8 ,if any man desecrate the temple of ,god1 him shall ,god destroy1 for the temple of ,god is holy1 which temple ye are4 ,the ,wisdom and ,power of the ,deity are in equilibrium4 ,the laws of nature and the moral laws are not the mere despotic mandates of ,his ,omnipotent will2 for1 then they might be changed by ,him1 and order become disorder1 and good and right become evil and wrong2 honesty and loyalty1 vices2 and fraud1 ingratitude1 and vice1 virtues4 ,omnipotent power1 infinite1 and existing alone1 would necessarily not be constrained to consistency4 ,its decrees and laws could not be immutable4 ,the laws of ,god are not obligatory on us because they are the enactments of ,his ,,power1 or the expression of ,his ,,will2 but because they express ,his infinite ,,wisdom4 ,they are not right because they are ,his laws1 but ,his laws because they are right4 ,from the equilibrium of infinite wisdom and infinite force1 results perfect harmony1 in physics and in the moral universe4 ,wisdom1 ,power1 and ,harmony constitute one ,masonic triad4 ,they have other and profounder meanings1 that may at some time be unveiled to you4 ,as to the ordinary and commonplace explanation1 it may be added1 that the wisdom of the ,architect is displayed in combining1 as only a skillful ,architect can do1 and as ,god has done everywhere1--for example1 in the tree1 the human frame1 the egg1 the cells of the honeycomb--strength1 with grace1 beauty1 symmetry1 proportion1 lightness1 ornamentation4 ,that1 too1 is the perfection of the orator and poet--to combine force1 strength1 energy1 with grace of style1 musical cadences1 the beauty of figures1 the play and irradiation of imagination and fancy2 and so1 in a ,state1 the warlike and industrial force of the people1 and their ,titanic strength1 must be combined with the beauty of the arts1 the sciences1 and the intellect1 if the ,state would scale the heights of excellence1 and the people be really free4 ,harmony in this1 as in all the ,divine1 the material1 and the human1 is the result of equilibrium1 of the sympathy and opposite action of contraries2 a single ,wisdom above them holding the beam of the scales4 ,to reconcile the moral law1 human responsibility1 free-will1 with the absolute power of ,god2 and the existence of evil with ,his absolute wisdom1 and goodness1 and mercy1--these are the great enigmas of the ,sphynx4 ,you entered the ,lodge between two columns4 ,they represent the two which stood in the porch of the ,temple1 on each side of the great eastern gateway4 ,these pillars1 of bronze1 four fingers breadth in thickness1 were1 according to the most authentic account--that in the ,first and that in the ,second ,book of ,kings1 confirmed in ,jeremiah--eighteen cubits high1 with a capital five cubits high4 ,the shaft of each was four cubits in diameter4 ,a cubit is one foot #gjg_/ajjj4 ,that is1 the shaft of each was a little over thirty feet eight inches in height1 the capital of each a little over eight feet six inches in height1 and the diameter of the shaft six feet ten inches4 ,the capitals were enriched by pomegranates of bronze1 covered by bronze net-work1 and ornamented with wreaths of bronze2 and appear to have imitated the shape of the seed-vessel of the lotus or ,egyptian lily1 a sacred symbol to the ,hindus and ,egyptians4 ,the pillar or column on the right1 or in the south1 was named1 as the ,hebrew word is rendered in our translation of the ,bible1 ,,jachin3 and that on the left ,,boaz4 ,our translators say that the first word means1 ,he shall establish2 and the second1 ,in it is strength4 ,these columns were imitations1 by ,khrm1 the ,tyrian artist1 of the great columns consecrated to the ,winds and ,fire1 at the entrance to the famous ,temple of ,malkarth1 in the city of ,tyre4 ,it is customary1 in ,lodges of the ,york ,rite1 to see a celestial globe on one1 and a terrestrial globe on the other2 but these are not warranted1 if the object be to imitate the original two columns of the ,temple4 ,the symbolic meaning of these columns we shall leave for the present unexplained1 only adding that ,entered ,apprentices keep their working-tools in the column ,,jachin2 and giving you the etymology and literal meaning of the two names4 ,the word ,jachin1 in ,hebrew1 is ,hebrew4 ,it was probably pronounced ,ya-kayan1 and meant1 as a verbal noun1 ,he that strengthens2 and thence1 firm1 stable1 upright4 ,the word ,boaz is ,hebrew ,baaz4 ,hebrew means ,strong1 ,strength1 ,power1 ,might1 ,refuge1 ,source of ,strength1 a ,fort4 ,the ,hebrew prefixed means with or in1 and gives the word the force of the ,latin gerund1 roborando--,strengthening4 ,the former word also means he will establish1 or plant in an erect position--from the verb ,hebrew ,kn1 he stood erect4 ,it probably meant ,active and ,vivifying ,energy and ,force2 and ,boas1 ,stability1 ,permanence1 in the passive sense4 ,the ,dimensions of the ,lodge1 our ,brethren of the ,york ,rite say1 are unlimited1 and its covering no less than the canopy of ,heaven4 ,to this object1 they say1 the mason's mind is continually directed1 and thither he hopes at last to arrive by the aid of the theological ladder which ,jacob in his vision saw ascending from earth to ,heaven2 the three principal rounds of which are denominated ,faith1 ,hope1 and ,charity2 and which admonish us to have ,faith in ,god1 ,hope in ,immortality1 and ,charity to all mankind4 ,accordingly a ladder1 sometimes with nine rounds1 is seen on the chart1 resting at the bottom on the earth1 its top in the clouds1 the stars shining above it2 and this is deemed to represent that mystic ladder1 which ,jacob saw in his dream1 set up on the earth1 and the top of it reaching to ,heaven1 with the angels of ,god ascending and descending on it4 ,the addition of the three principal rounds to the symbolism1 is wholly modern and incongruous4 ,the ancients counted seven planets1 thus arranged3 the ,moon1 ,mercury1 ,venus1 the ,sun1 ,mars1 ,jupiter1 and ,saturn4 ,there were seven heavens and seven spheres of these planets2 on all the monuments of ,mithras are seven altars or pyres1 consecrated to the seven planets1 as were the seven lamps of the golden candelabrum in the ,temple4 ,that these represented the planets1 we are assured by ,clemens of ,alexandria1 in his ,stromata1 and by ,philo ,judaeus4 ,to return to its source in the ,infinite1 the human soul1 the ancients held1 had to ascend1 as it had descended1 through the seven spheres4 ,the ,ladder by which it reascends1 has1 according to ,marsilius ,ficinus1 in his ,commentary on the ,ennead of ,plotinus1 seven degrees or steps2 and in the ,mysteries of ,mithras1 carried to ,rome under the ,emperors1 the ladder1 with its seven rounds1 was a symbol referring to this ascent through the spheres of the seven planets4 ,jacob saw the ,spirits of ,god ascending and descending on it2 and above it the ,deity ,himself4 ,the ,mithraic ,mysteries were celebrated in caves1 where gates were marked at the four equinoctial and solstitial points of the zodiac2 and the seven planetary spheres were represented1 which souls needs must traverse in descending from the heaven of the fixed stars to the elements that envelop the earth2 and seven gates were marked1 one for each planet1 through which they pass1 in descending or returning4 ,we learn this from ,celsus1 in ,origen1 who says that the symbolic image of this passage among the stars1 used in the ,mithraic ,mysteries1 was a ladder reaching from earth to ,heaven1 divided into seven steps or stages1 to each of which was a gate1 and at the summit an eighth one1 that of the fixed stars4 ,the symbol was the same as that of the seven stages of ,borsippa1 the ,pyramid of vitrified brick1 near ,babylon1 built of seven stages1 and each of a different color4 ,in the ,mithraic ceremonies1 the candidate went through seven stages of initiation1 passing through many fearful trials and of these the high ladder with seven rounds or steps was the symbol4 ,you see the ,lodge1 its details and ornaments1 by its ,lights4 ,you have already heard what these ,lights1 the greater and lesser1 are said to be1 and how they are spoken of by our ,brethren of the ,york ,rite4 ,the ,holy ,bible1 ,square1 and ,compasses1 are not only styled the ,great ,lights in ,masonry1 but they are also technically called the ,furniture of the ,lodge2 and1 as you have seen1 it is held that there is no ,lodge without them4 ,this has sometimes been made a pretext for excluding ,jews from our ,lodges1 because they cannot regard the ,new ,testament as a holy book4 ,the ,bible is an indispensable part of the furniture of a ,christian ,lodge1 only because it is the sacred book of the ,christian religion4 ,the ,hebrew ,pentateuch in a ,hebrew ,lodge1 and the ,koran in a ,mohammedan one1 belong on the ,altar2 and one of these1 and the ,square and ,compass1 properly understood1 are the ,great ,lights by which a ,mason must walk and work4 ,the obligation of the candidate is always to be taken on the sacred book or books of his religion1 that he may deem it more solemn and binding2 and therefore it was that you were asked of what religion you were4 ,we have no other concern with your religious creed4 ,the ,square is a right angle1 formed by two right lines4 ,it is adapted only to a plane surface1 and belongs only to geometry1 earth-measurement1 that trigonometry which deals only with planes1 and with the earth1 which the ancients supposed to be a plane4 ,the ,compass describes circles1 and deals with spherical trigonometry1 the science of the spheres and heavens4 ,the former1 therefore1 is an emblem of what concerns the earth and the body2 the latter of what concerns the heavens and the soul4 ,yet the ,compass is also used in plane trigonometry1 as in erecting perpendiculars2 and1 therefore1 you are reminded that1 although in this ,degree both points of the ,compass are under the ,square1 and you are now dealing only with the moral and political meaning of the symbols1 and not with their philosophical and spiritual meanings1 still the divine ever mingles with the human2 with the earthly the spiritual intermixes2 and there is something spiritual in the commonest duties of life4 ,the nations are not bodies-politic alone1 but also souls-politic2 and woe to that people which1 seeking the material only1 forgets that it has a soul4 ,then we have a race1 petrified in dogma1 which presupposes the absence of a soul and the presence only of memory and instinct1 or demoralized by lucre4 ,such a nature can never lead civilization4 ,genuflexion before the idol or the dollar atrophies the muscle which walks and the will which moves4 ,hieratic or mercantile absorption diminishes the radiance of a people1 lowers its horizon by lowering its level1 and deprives it of that understanding of the universal aim1 at the same time human and divine1 which makes the missionary nations4 ,a free people1 forgetting that it has a soul to be cared for1 devotes all its energies to its material advancement4 ,if it makes war1 it is to subserve its commercial interests4 ,the citizens copy after the ,state1 and regard wealth1 pomp1 and luxury as the great goods of life4 ,such a nation creates wealth rapidly1 and distributes it badly4 ,thence the two extremes1 of monstrous opulence and monstrous misery2 all the enjoyment to a few1 all the privations to the rest1 that is to say1 to the people2 ,privilege1 ,exception1 ,monopoly1 ,feudality1 springing up from ,labor itself3 a false and dangerous situation1 which1 making ,labor a blinded and chained ,cyclops1 in the mine1 at the forge1 in the workshop1 at the loom1 in the field1 over poisonous fumes1 in miasmatic cells1 in unventilated factories1 founds public power upon private misery1 and plants the greatness of the ,state in the suffering of the individual4 ,it is a greatness ill constituted1 in which all the material elements are combined1 and into which no moral element enters4 ,if a people1 like a star1 has the right of eclipse1 the light ought to return4 ,the eclipse should not degenerate into night4 ,the three lesser1 or the ,sublime ,lights1 you have heard1 are the ,sun1 the ,moon1 and the ,master of the ,lodge2 and you have heard what our ,brethren of the ,york ,rite say in regard to them1 and why they hold them to be ,lights of the ,lodge4 ,but the ,sun and ,moon do in no sense light the ,lodge1 unless it be symbolically1 and then the lights are not they1 but those things of which they are the symbols4 ,of what they are the symbols the ,mason in that ,rite is not told4 ,nor does the ,moon in any sense rule the night with regularity4 ,the ,sun is the ancient symbol of the life-giving and generative power of the ,deity4 ,to the ancients1 light was the cause of life2 and ,god was the source from which all light flowed2 the essence of ,light1 the ,invisible ,fire1 developed as ,flame manifested as light and splendor4 ,the ,sun was ,his manifestation and visible image2 and the ,sabans worshipping the ,light-,god1 seemed to worship the ,sun1 in whom they saw the manifestation of the ,deity4 ,the ,moon was the symbol of the passive capacity of nature to produce1 the female1 of which the life-giving power and energy was the male4 ,it was the symbol of ,isis1 ,astarte1 and ,artemis1 or ,diana4 ,the ,master of ,life was the ,supreme ,deity1 above both1 and manifested through both2 ,zeus1 the ,son of ,saturn1 become ,king of the ,gods2 ,horus1 son of ,osiris and ,isis1 become the ,master of ,life2 ,dionusos or ,bacchus1 like ,mithras1 become the author of ,light and ,life and ,truth4 99 99 99 99 99 ,the ,master of ,light and ,life1 the ,sun and the ,moon1 are symbolized in every ,lodge by the ,master and ,wardens3 and this makes it the duty of the ,master to dispense light to the ,brethren1 by himself1 and through the ,wardens1 who are his ministers4 ,thy sun1 says ,,isaiah to ,jerusalem1 shall no more go down1 neither shall thy moon withdraw itself2 for the ,,lord shall be thine everlasting light1 and the days of thy mourning shall be ended4 ,thy people also shall be all righteous2 they shall inherit the land forever4 ,such is the type of a free people4 ,our northern ancestors worshipped this triune ,deity2 ,,odin1 the ,almighty ,,father2 ,,frea1 his wife1 emblem of universal matter2 and ,,thor1 his son1 the mediator4 ,but above all these was the ,supreme ,god1 the author of everything that existeth1 the ,eternal1 the ,ancient1 the ,living and ,awful ,being1 the ,searcher into concealed things1 the ,being that never changeth4 ,in the ,temple of ,eleusis 7a sanctuary lighted only by a window in the roof1 and representing the ,universe71 the images of the ,sun1 ,moon1 and ,mercury1 were represented4 ,the ,sun and ,moon1 says the learned ,bro4'4 ,,delaunay1 represent the two grand principles of all generations1 the active and passive1 the male and the female4 ,the ,sun represents the actual light4 ,he pours upon the ,moon his fecundating rays2 both shed their light upon their offspring1 the ,blazing ,star1 or ,,horus1 and the three form the great ,equilateral ,triangle1 in the centre of which is the omnific letter of the ,kabalah1 by which creation is said to have been effected4 ,the ,,ornaments of a ,lodge are said to be the ,mosaic ,pavement1 the ,indented ,tessel1 and the ,blazing ,star4 ,the ,mosaic ,pavement1 chequered in squares or lozenges1 is said to represent the ground-floor of ,king ,solomon's ,temple2 and the ,indented ,tessel that beautiful tesselated border which surrounded it4 ,the ,blazing ,star in the centre is said to be an emblem of ,divine ,providence1 and commemorative of the star which appeared to guide the wise men of the ,east to the place of our ,saviour's nativity4 ,but there was no stone seen within the ,temple4 ,the walls were covered with planks of cedar1 and the floor was covered with planks of fir4 ,there is no evidence that there was such a pavement or floor in the ,temple1 or such a bordering4 ,in ,england1 anciently1 the ,tracing-,board was surrounded with an indented border2 and it is only in ,america that such a border is put around the ,mosaic pavement4 ,the tesser1 indeed1 are the squares or lozenges of the pavement4 ,in ,england1 also1 the indented or denticulated border is called tesselated1 because it has four tassels1 said to represent ,temperance1 ,fortitude1 ,prudence1 and ,justice4 ,it was termed the ,indented ,trassel2 but this is a misuse of words4 ,it is a tesserated pavement1 with an indented border round it4 ,the pavement1 alternately black and white1 symbolizes1 whether so intended or not1 the ,good and ,evil ,principles of the ,egyptian and ,persian creed4 ,it is the warfare of ,michael and ,satan1 of the ,gods and ,titans1 of ,balder and ,lok2 between light and shadow1 which is darkness2 ,day and ,night2 ,freedom and ,despotism2 ,religious ,liberty and the ,arbitrary ,dogmas of a ,church that thinks for its votaries1 and whose ,pontiff claims to be infallible1 and the decretals of its ,councils to constitute a gospel4 ,the edges of this pavement1 if in lozenges1 will necessarily be indented or denticulated1 toothed like a saw2 and to complete and finish it a bordering is necessary4 ,it is completed by tassels as ornaments at the corners4 ,if these and the bordering have any symbolic meaning1 it is fanciful and arbitrary4 ,to find in the ,,blazing ,,star of five points an allusion to the ,divine ,providence1 is also fanciful2 and to make it commemorative of the ,star that is said to have guided the ,magi1 is to give it a meaning comparatively modern4 ,originally it represented ,,sirius1 or the ,dog-star1 the forerunner of the inundation of the ,nile2 the ,god ,,anubis1 companion of ,isis in her search for the body of ,,osiris1 her brother and husband4 ,then it became the image of ,,horus1 the son of ,,osiris1 himself symbolized also by the ,sun1 the author of the ,seasons1 and the ,god of ,time2 ,son of ,isis1 who was the universal nature1 himself the primitive matter1 inexhaustible source of ,life1 spark of uncreated fire1 universal seed of all beings4 ,it was ,,hermes1 also1 the ,master of ,learning1 whose name in ,greek is that of the ,god ,mercury4 ,it became the sacred and potent sign or character of the ,magi1 the ,,pentalpha1 and is the significant emblem of ,liberty and ,freedom1 blazing with a steady radiance amid the weltering elements of good and evil of ,revolutions1 and promising serene skies and fertile seasons to the nations1 after the storms of change and tumult4 ,in the ,east of the ,lodge1 over the ,master1 inclosed in a triangle1 is the ,hebrew letter ,y,d ,hebrew or ,hebrew4 ,in the ,english and ,american ,lodges the ,letter ,g4'4 is substituted for this1 as the initial of the word ,,god1 with as little reason as if the letter ,d41 initial of ,,dieu1 were used in ,french ,lodges instead of the proper letter4 ,y,d is1 in the ,kabalah1 the symbol of ,unity1 of the ,supreme ,deity1 the first letter of the ,holy ,name2 and also a symbol of the ,great ,kabalistic ,triads4 ,to understand its mystic meanings1 you must open the pages of the ,sohar and ,siphra de ,zeniutha1 and other kabalistic books1 and ponder deeply on their meaning4 ,it must suffice to say1 that it is the ,creative ,energy of the ,deity1 is represented as a point1 and that point in the centre of the ,circle of immensity4 ,it is to us in this ,degree1 the symbol of that unmanifested ,deity1 the ,absolute1 who has no name4 ,our ,french ,brethren place this letter ,y,d in the centre of the ,blazing ,star4 ,and in the old ,lectures1 our ancient ,english ,brethren said1 ,the ,blazing ,star or ,glory in the centre refers us to that grand luminary1 the ,sun1 which enlightens the earth1 and by its genial influence dispenses blessings to mankind4 ,they called it also in the same lectures1 an emblem of ,,prudence4 ,the word ,prudentia means1 in its original and fullest signification1 ,foresight2 and1 accordingly1 the ,blazing ,star has been regarded as an emblem of ,omniscience1 or the ,all-seeing ,eye1 which to the ,egyptian ,initiates was the emblem of ,osiris1 the ,creator4 ,with the ,y,d in the centre1 it has the kabalistic meaning of the ,divine ,energy1 manifested as ,light1 creating the ,universe4 ,the ,jewels of the ,lodge are said to be six in number4 ,three are called ,movable1 and three ,immovable4 ,the ,,square1 the ,,level1 and the ,,plumb were anciently and properly called the ,movable ,jewels1 because they pass from one ,brother to another4 ,it is a modern innovation to call them immovable1 because they must always be present in the ,lodge4 ,the immovable jewels are the ,,rough ,,ashlar1 the ,,perfect ,,ashlar or ,,cubical ,,stone1 or1 in some ,rituals1 the ,,double ,,cube1 and the ,,tracing-,,board1 or ,,trestle-,,board4 ,of these jewels our ,brethren of the ,york ,rite say3 ,the ,square inculcates ,morality2 the ,level1 ,equality2 and the ,plumb1 ,rectitude of ,conduct4 ,their explanation of the immovable ,jewels may be read in their monitors4 99 99 99 99 99 ,our ,brethren of the ,york ,rite say that there is represented in every well-governed ,lodge1 a certain point1 within a circle2 the point representing an individual ,brother2 the ,circle1 the boundary line of his conduct1 beyond which he is never to suffer his prejudices or passions to betray him4 ,this is not to interpret the symbols of ,masonry4 ,it is said by some1 with a nearer approach to interpretation1 that the point within the circle represents ,god in the centre of the ,universe4 ,it is a common ,egyptian sign for the ,sun and ,osiris1 and is still used as the astronomical sign of the great luminary4 ,in the ,kabalah the point is ,y,d1 the ,creative ,energy of ,god1 irradiating with light the circular space which ,god1 the universal ,light1 left vacant1 wherein to create the worlds1 by withdrawing ,his substance of ,light back on all sides from one point4 ,our ,brethren add that1 this circle is embordered by two perpendicular parallel lines1 representing ,saint ,john the ,baptist and ,saint ,john the ,evangelist1 and upon the top rest the ,holy ,scriptures 7an open book74 ,in going round this circle1 they say1 we necessarily touch upon these two lines as well as upon the ,holy ,scriptures2 and while a ,mason keeps himself circumscribed within their precepts1 it is impossible that he should materially err4 ,it would be a waste of time to comment upon this4 ,some writers have imagined that the parallel lines represent the ,tropics of ,cancer and ,capricorn1 which the ,sun alternately touches upon at the ,summer and ,winter solstices4 ,but the tropics are not perpendicular lines1 and the idea is merely fanciful4 ,if the parallel lines ever belonged to the ancient symbol1 they had some more recondite and more fruitful meaning4 ,they probably had the same meaning as the twin columns ,jachin and ,boaz4 ,that meaning is not for the ,apprentice4 ,the adept may find it in the ,kabalah4 ,the ,,justice and ,,mercy of ,god are in equilibrium1 and the result is ,,harmony1 because a ,single and ,perfect ,wisdom presides over both4 ,the ,holy ,scriptures are an entirely modern addition to the symbol1 like the terrestrial and celestial globes on the columns of the portico4 ,thus the ancient symbol has been denaturalized by incongruous additions1 like that of ,isis weeping over the broken column containing the remains of ,osiris at ,byblos4 99 99 99 99 99 ,masonry has its decalogue1 which is a law to its ,initiates4 ,these are its ,ten ,commandments3 ,i4 ,symbol3 ,earth3 ,god is the ,eternal1 ,omnipotent1 ,immutable ,,wisdom and ,supreme ,,intelligence and ,exhaustless ,,love4 ,thou shalt adore1 revere1 and love ,him6 ,thou shalt honor ,him by practising the virtues6 ,,ii4 ,symbol3 ,full moon3 ,thy religion shall be1 to do good because it is a pleasure to thee1 and not merely because it is a duty4 ,that thou mayest become the friend of the wise man1 thou shalt obey his precepts6 ,thy soul is immortal6 ,thou shalt do nothing to degrade it6 ,,iii4 ,symbol3 ,earth3 ,thou shalt unceasingly war against vice6 ,thou shalt not do unto others that which thou wouldst not wish them to do unto thee6 ,thou shalt be submissive to thy fortunes1 and keep burning the light of wisdom6 ,,iv4 ,symbol3 ,full moon3 ,thou shalt honor thy parents6 ,thou shalt pay respect and homage to the aged6 ,thou shalt instruct the young6 ,thou shalt protect and defend infancy and innocence6 ,v4 ,symbol3 ,earth3 ,thou shalt cherish thy wife and thy children6 ,thou shalt love thy country1 and obey its laws6 ,,vi4 ,symbol3 ,full moon3 ,thy friend shall be to thee a second self6 ,misfortune shall not estrange thee from him6 ,thou shalt do for his memory whatever thou wouldst do for him1 if he were living6 ,,vii4 ,symbol3 ,earth3 ,thou shalt avoid and flee from insincere friendships6 ,thou shalt in everything refrain from excess4 ,thou shalt fear to be the cause of a stain on thy memory6 ,,viii4 ,symbol3 ,full moon3 ,thou shalt allow no passions to become thy master6 ,thou shalt make the passions of others profitable lessons to thyself6 ,thou shalt be indulgent to error6 ,,ix4 ,symbol3 ,earth3 ,thou shalt hear much3 ,thou shalt speak little3 ,thou shalt act well6 ,thou shalt forget injuries6 ,thou shalt render good for evil6 ,thou shalt not misuse either thy strength or thy superiority6 ,x4 ,symbol3 ,full moon3 ,thou shalt study to know men2 that thereby thou mayest learn to know thyself6 ,thou shalt ever seek after virtue6 ,thou shalt be just6 ,thou shalt avoid idleness6 ,but the great commandment of ,masonry is this3 ,a new commandment give ,i unto you3 that ye love one another6 ,he that saith he is in the light1 and hateth his brother1 remaineth still in the darkness4 ,such are the moral duties of a ,mason4 ,but it is also the duty of ,masonry to assist in elevating the moral and intellectual level of society2 in coining knowledge1 bringing ideas into circulation1 and causing the mind of youth to grow2 and in putting1 gradually1 by the teachings of axioms and the promulgation of positive laws1 the human race in harmony with its destinies4 ,to this duty and work the ,initiate is apprenticed4 ,he must not imagine that he can effect nothing1 and1 therefore1 despairing1 become inert4 ,it is in this1 as in a man's daily life4 ,many great deeds are done in the small struggles of life4 ,there is1 we are told1 a determined though unseen bravery1 which defends itself1 foot to foot1 in the darkness1 against the fatal invasion of necessity and of baseness4 ,there are noble and mysterious triumphs1 which no eye sees1 which no renown rewards1 which no flourish of trumpets salutes4 ,life1 misfortune1 isolation1 abandonment1 poverty1 are battle-fields1 which have their heroes1--heroes obscure1 but sometimes greater than those who become illustrious4 ,the ,mason should struggle in the same manner1 and with the same bravery1 against those invasions of necessity and baseness1 which come to nations as well as to men4 ,he should meet them1 too1 foot to foot1 even in the darkness1 and protest against the national wrongs and follies2 against usurpation and the first inroads of that hydra1 ,tyranny4 ,there is no more sovereign eloquence than the truth in indignation4 ,it is more difficult for a people to keep than to gain their freedom4 ,the ,protests of ,truth are always needed4 ,continually1 the right must protest against the fact4 ,there is1 in fact1 ,eternity in the ,right4 ,the ,mason should be the ,priest and ,soldier of that ,right4 ,if his country should be robbed of her liberties1 he should still not despair4 ,the protest of the ,right against the ,fact persists forever4 ,the robbery of a people never becomes prescriptive4 ,reclamation of its rights is barred by no length of time4 ,warsaw can no more be ,tartar than ,venice can be ,teutonic4 ,a people may endure military usurpation1 and subjugated ,states kneel to ,states and wear the yoke1 while under the stress of necessity2 but when the necessity disappears1 if the people is fit to be free1 the submerged country will float to the surface and reappear1 and ,tyranny be adjudged by ,history to have murdered its victims4 ,whatever occurs1 we should have ,faith in the ,justice and overruling ,wisdom of ,god1 and ,hope for the ,future1 and ,loving-kindness for those who are in error4 ,god makes visible to men ,his will in events2 an obscure text1 written in a mysterious language4 ,men make their translations of it forthwith1 hasty1 incorrect1 full of faults1 omissions1 and misreadings4 ,we see so short a way along the arc of the great circle6 ,few minds comprehend the ,divine tongue4 ,the most sagacious1 the most calm1 the most profound1 decipher the hieroglyphs slowly2 and when they arrive with their text1 perhaps the need has long gone by2 there are already twenty translations in the public square--the most incorrect being1 as of course1 the most accepted and popular4 ,from each translation1 a party is born2 and from each misreading1 a faction4 ,each party believes or pretends that it has the only true text1 and each faction believes or pretends that it alone possesses the light4 ,moreover1 factions are blind men1 who aim straight1 errors are excellent projectiles1 striking skillfully1 and with all the violence that springs from false reasoning1 wherever a want of logic in those who defend the right1 like a defect in a cuirass1 makes them vulnerable4 ,therefore it is that we shall often be discomfited in combating error before the people4 ,antus long resisted ,hercules2 and the heads of the ,hydra grew as fast as they were cut off4 ,it is absurd to say that ,error1 wounded1 writhes in pain1 and dies amid her worshippers4 ,truth conquers slowly4 ,there is a wondrous vitality in ,error4 ,truth1 indeed1 for the most part1 shoots over the heads of the masses2 or if an error is prostrated for a moment1 it is up again in a moment1 and as vigorous as ever4 ,it will not die when the brains are out1 and the most stupid and irrational errors are the longest-lived4 ,nevertheless1 ,masonry1 which is ,morality and ,philosophy1 must not cease to do its duty4 ,we never know at what moment success awaits our efforts--generally when most unexpected--nor with what effect our efforts are or are not to be attended4 ,succeed or fail1 ,masonry must not bow to error1 or succumb under discouragement4 ,there were at ,rome a few ,carthaginian soldiers1 taken prisoners1 who refused to bow to ,flaminius1 and had a little of ,hannibal's magnanimity4 ,masons should possess an equal greatness of soul4 ,masonry should be an energy2 finding its aim and effect in the amelioration of mankind4 ,socrates should enter into ,adam1 and produce ,marcus ,aurelius1 in other words1 bring forth from the man of enjoyments1 the man of wisdom4 ,masonry should not be a mere watch-tower1 built upon mystery1 from which to gaze at ease upon the world1 with no other result than to be a convenience for the curious4 ,to hold the full cup of thought to the thirsty lips of men2 to give to all the true ideas of ,deity2 to harmonize conscience and science1 are the province of ,philosophy4 ,morality is ,faith in full bloom4 ,contemplation should lead to action1 and the absolute be practical2 the ideal be made air and food and drink to the human mind4 ,wisdom is a sacred communion4 ,it is only on that condition that it ceases to be a sterile love of ,science1 and becomes the one and supreme method by which to unite ,humanity and arouse it to concerted action4 ,then ,philosophy becomes ,religion4 ,and ,masonry1 like ,history and ,philosophy1 has eternal duties--eternal1 and1 at the same time2 simple--to oppose ,caiaphas as ,bishop1 ,draco or ,jefferies as ,judge1 ,trimalcion as ,legislator1 and ,tiberius as ,emperor4 ,these are the symbols of the tyranny that degrades and crushes1 and the corruption that defiles and infests4 ,in the works published for the use of the ,craft we are told that the three great tenets of a ,mason's profession1 are ,brotherly ,love1 ,relief1 and ,truth4 ,and it is true that a ,brotherly affection and kindness should govern us in all our intercourse and relations with our brethren2 and a generous and liberal philanthropy actuate us in regard to all men4 ,to relieve the distressed is peculiarly the duty of ,masons--a sacred duty1 not to be omitted1 neglected1 or coldly or inefficiently complied with4 ,it is also most true1 that ,truth is a ,divine attribute and the foundation of every virtue4 ,to be true1 and to seek to find and learn the ,truth1 are the great objects of every good ,mason4 ,as the ,ancients did1 ,masonry styles ,temperance1 ,fortitude1 ,prudence1 and ,justice1 the four cardinal virtues4 ,they are as necessary to nations as to individuals4 ,the people that would be ,free and ,independent1 must possess ,sagacity1 ,forethought1 ,foresight1 and careful ,circumspection1 all which are included in the meaning of the word ,prudence4 ,it must be temperate in asserting its rights1 temperate in its councils1 economical in its expenses2 it must be bold1 brave1 courageous1 patient under reverses1 undismayed by disasters1 hopeful amid calamities1 like ,rome when she sold the field at which ,hannibal had his camp4 ,no ,cann or ,pharsalia or ,pavia or ,agincourt or ,waterloo must discourage her4 ,let her ,senate sit in their seats until the ,gauls pluck them by the beard4 ,she must1 above all things1 be just1 not truckling to the strong and warring on or plundering the weak2 she must act on the square with all nations1 and the feeblest tribes2 always keeping her faith1 honest in her legislation1 upright in all her dealings4 ,whenever such a ,republic exists1 it will be immortal3 for rashness1 injustice1 intemperance and luxury in prosperity1 and despair and disorder in adversity1 are the causes of the decay and dilapidation of nations4 ,,ii4 ,,the ,,fellow-,,craft4 ,in the ,ancient ,orient1 all religion was more or less a mystery and there was no divorce from it of philosophy4 ,the popular theology1 taking the multitude of allegories and symbols for realities1 degenerated into a worship of the celestial luminaries1 of imaginary ,deities with human feelings1 passions1 appetites1 and lusts1 of idols1 stones1 animals1 reptiles4 ,the ,onion was sacred to the ,egyptians1 because its different layers were a symbol of the concentric heavenly spheres4 ,of course the popular religion could not satisfy the deeper longings and thoughts1 the loftier aspirations of the ,spirit1 or the logic of reason4 ,the first1 therefore1 was taught to the initiated in the ,mysteries4 ,there1 also1 it was taught by symbols4 ,the vagueness of symbolism1 capable of many interpretations1 reached what the palpable and conventional creed could not4 ,its indefiniteness acknowledged the abstruseness of the subject3 it treated that mysterious subject mystically3 it endeavored to illustrate what it could not explain2 to excite an appropriate feeling1 if it could not develop an adequate idea2 and to make the image a mere subordinate conveyance for the conception1 which itself never became obvious or familiar4 ,thus the knowledge now imparted by books and letters1 was of old conveyed by symbols2 and the priests invented or perpetuated a display of rites and exhibitions1 which were not only more attractive to the eye than words1 but often more suggestive and more pregnant with meaning to the mind4 ,masonry1 successor of the ,mysteries1 still follows the ancient manner of teaching4 ,her ceremonies are like the ancient mystic shows1--not the reading of an essay1 but the opening of a problem1 requiring research1 and constituting philosophy the arch-expounder4 ,her symbols are the instruction she gives4 ,the lectures are endeavors1 often partial and one-sided1 to interpret these symbols4 ,he who would become an accomplished ,mason must not be content merely to hear1 or even to understand1 the lectures2 he must1 aided by them1 and they having1 as it were1 marked out the way for him1 study1 interpret1 and develop these symbols for himself4 99 99 99 99 99 ,though ,masonry is identical with the ancient ,mysteries1 it is so only in this qualified sense3 that it presents but an imperfect image of their brilliancy1 the ruins only of their grandeur1 and a system that has experienced progressive alterations1 the fruits of social events1 political circumstances1 and the ambitious imbecility of its improvers4 ,after leaving ,egypt1 the ,mysteries were modified by the habits of the different nations among whom they were introduced1 and especially by the religious systems of the countries into which they were transplanted4 ,to maintain the established government1 laws1 and religion1 was the obligation of the ,initiate everywhere2 and everywhere they were the heritage of the priests1 who were nowhere willing to make the common people co-proprietors with themselves of philosophical truth4 ,masonry is not the ,coliseum in ruins4 ,it is rather a ,roman palace of the middle ages1 disfigured by modern architectural improvements1 yet built on a ,cyclopan foundation laid by the ,etruscans1 and with many a stone of the superstructure taken from dwellings and temples of the age of ,hadrian and ,antoninus4 ,christianity taught the doctrine of ,,fraternity2 but repudiated that of political ,,equality1 by continually inculcating obedience to ,caesar1 and to those lawfully in authority4 ,masonry was the first apostle of ,,equality4 ,in the ,monastery there is fraternity and equality1 but no liberty4 ,masonry added that also1 and claimed for man the three-fold heritage1 ,,liberty1 ,,equality1 and ,,fraternity4 ,it was but a development of the original purpose of the ,mysteries1 which was to teach men to know and practice their duties to themselves and their fellows1 the great practical end of all philosophy and all knowledge4 ,truths are the springs from which duties flow2 and it is but a few hundred years since a new ,truth began to be distinctly seen2 that ,,man ,,is ,,supreme ,,over ,,institutions1 ,,and ,,not ,,they ,,over ,,him4 ,man has natural empire over all institutions4 ,they are for him1 according to his development2 not he for them4 ,this seems to us a very simple statement1 one to which all men1 everywhere1 ought to assent4 ,but once it was a great new ,truth1--not revealed until governments had been in existence for at least five thousand years4 ,once revealed1 it imposed new duties on men4 ,man owed it to himself to be free4 ,he owed it to his country to seek to give her freedom1 or maintain her in that possession4 ,it made ,tyranny and ,usurpation the enemies of the ,human ,race4 ,it created a general outlawry of ,despots and ,despotisms1 temporal and spiritual4 ,the sphere of ,duty was immensely enlarged4 ,patriotism had1 henceforth1 a new and wider meaning4 ,free ,government1 ,free ,thought1 ,free ,conscience1 ,free ,speech6 ,all these came to be inalienable rights1 which those who had parted with them or been robbed of them1 or whose ancestors had lost them1 had the right summarily to retake4 ,unfortunately1 as ,truths always become perverted into falsehoods1 and are falsehoods when misapplied1 this ,truth became the ,gospel of ,anarchy1 soon after it was first preached4 ,masonry early comprehended this ,truth1 and recognized its own enlarged duties4 ,its symbols then came to have a wider meaning2 but it also assumed the mask of ,stone-masonry1 and borrowed its working-tools1 and so was supplied with new and apt symbols4 ,it aided in bringing about the ,french ,revolution1 disappeared with the ,girondists1 was born again with the restoration of order1 and sustained ,napoleon1 because1 though ,emperor1 he acknowledged the right of the people to select its rulers1 and was at the head of a nation refusing to receive back its old kings4 ,he pleaded1 with sabre1 musket1 and cannon1 the great cause of the ,people against ,royalty1 the right of the ,french people even to make a ,corsican ,general their ,emperor1 if it pleased them4 ,masonry felt that this ,truth had the ,omnipotence of ,god on its side2 and that neither ,pope nor ,potentate could overcome it4 ,it was a truth dropped into the world's wide treasury1 and forming a part of the heritage which each generation receives1 enlarges1 and holds in trust1 and of necessity bequeaths to mankind2 the personal estate of man1 entailed of nature to the end of time4 ,and ,masonry early recognized it as true1 that to set forth and develop a truth1 or any human excellence of gift or growth1 is to make1 greater the spiritual glory of the race2 that whosoever aids the march of a ,truth1 and makes the thought a thing1 writes in the same line with ,,moses1 and with ,him who died upon the cross2 and has an intellectual sympathy with the ,deity ,himself4 ,the best gift we can bestow on man is manhood4 ,it is that which ,masonry is ordained of ,god to bestow on its votaries3 not sectarianism and religious dogma2 not a rudimental morality1 that may be found in the writings of ,confucius1 ,zoroaster1 ,seneca1 and the ,rabbis1 in the ,proverbs and ,ecclesiastes2 not a little and cheap common-school knowledge2 but manhood and science and philosophy4 ,not that ,philosophy or ,science is in opposition to ,religion4 ,for ,philosophy is but that knowledge of ,god and the ,soul1 which is derived from observation of the manifested action of ,god and the ,soul1 and from a wise analogy4 ,it is the intellectual guide which the religious sentiment needs4 ,the true religious philosophy of an imperfect being1 is not a system of creed1 but1 as ,,socrates thought1 an infinite search or approximation4 ,philosophy is that intellectual and moral progress1 which the religious sentiment inspires and ennobles4 ,as to ,science1 it could not walk alone1 while religion was stationary4 ,it consists of those matured inferences from experience which all other experience confirms4 ,it realizes and unites all that was truly valuable in both the old schemes of mediation1--one heroic1 or the system of action and effort2 and the mystical theory of spiritual1 contemplative communion4 ,listen to me1 says ,,galen1 as to the voice of the ,eleusinian ,hierophant1 and believe that the study of ,nature is a mystery no less important than theirs1 nor less adapted to display the wisdom and power of the ,great ,creator4 ,their lessons and demonstrations were obscure1 but ours are clear and unmistakable4 ,we deem that to be the best knowledge we can obtain of the ,soul of another man1 which is furnished by his actions and his life-long conduct4 ,evidence to the contrary1 supplied by what another man informs us that this ,soul has said to his1 would weigh little against the former4 ,the first ,scriptures for the human race were written by ,god on the ,earth and ,heavens4 ,the reading of these ,scriptures is ,science4 ,familiarity with the grass and trees1 the insects and the infusoria1 teaches us deeper lessons of love and faith than we can glean from the writings of ,f,n,,lon and ,,augustine4 ,the great ,bible of ,god is ever open before mankind4 ,knowledge is convertible into power1 and axioms into rules of utility and duty4 ,but knowledge itself is not ,power4 ,wisdom is ,power2 and her ,prime ,minister is ,,justice1 which is the perfected law of ,,truth4 ,the purpose1 therefore1 of ,education and ,science is to make a man wise4 ,if knowledge does not make him so1 it is wasted1 like water poured on the sands4 ,to know the formulas of ,masonry1 is of as little value1 by itself1 as to know so many words and sentences in some barbarous ,african or ,australasian dialect ,to know even the meaning of the symbols1 is but little1 unless that adds to our wisdom1 and also to our charity1 which is to justice like one hemisphere of the brain to the other4 ,do not lose sight1 then1 of the true object of your studies in ,masonry4 ,it is to add to your estate of wisdom1 and not merely to your knowledge4 ,a man may spend a lifetime in studying a single specialty of knowledge1--botany1 conchology1 or entomology1 for instance1--in committing to memory names derived from the ,greek1 and classifying and reclassifying2 and yet be no wiser than when he began4 ,it is the great truths as to all that most concerns a man1 as to his rights1 interests1 and duties1 that ,masonry seeks to teach her ,initiates4 ,the wiser a man becomes1 the less will he be inclined to submit tamely to the imposition of fetters or a yoke1 on his conscience or his person4 ,for1 by increase of wisdom he not only better knows his rights1 but the more highly values them1 and is more conscious of his worth and dignity4 ,his pride then urges him to assert his independence4 ,he becomes better able to assert it also2 and better able to assist others or his country1 when they or she stake all1 even existence1 upon the same assertion4 ,but mere knowledge makes no one independent1 nor fits him to be free4 ,it often only makes him a more useful slave4 ,liberty is a curse to the ignorant and brutal4 ,political science has for its object to ascertain in what manner and by means of what institutions political and personal freedom may be secured and perpetuated3 not license1 or the mere right of every man to vote1 but entire and absolute freedom of thought and opinion1 alike free of the despotism of monarch and mob and prelate2 freedom of action within the limits of the general law enacted for all2 the ,courts of ,justice1 with impartial ,judges and juries1 open to all alike2 weakness and poverty equally potent in those ,courts as power and wealth2 the avenues to office and honor open alike to all the worthy2 the military powers1 in war or peace1 in strict subordination to the civil power2 arbitrary arrests for acts not known to the law as crimes1 impossible2 ,romish ,inquisitions1 ,star-,chambers1 ,military ,commissions1 unknown2 the means of instruction within reach of the children of all2 the right of ,free ,speech2 and accountability of all public officers1 civil and military4 ,if ,masonry needed to be justified for imposing political as well as moral duties on its ,initiates1 it would be enough to point to the sad history of the world4 ,it would not even need that she should turn back the pages of history to the chapters written by ,tacitus3 that she should recite the incredible horrors of despotism under ,caligula and ,domitian1 ,caracalla and ,commodus1 ,vitellius and ,maximin4 ,she need only point to the centuries of calamity through which the gay ,french nation passed2 to the long oppression of the feudal ages1 of the selfish ,bourbon kings2 to those times when the peasants were robbed and slaughtered by their own lords and princes1 like sheep2 when the lord claimed the first-fruits of the peasant's marriage-bed2 when the captured city was given up to merciless rape and massacre2 when the ,state-prisons groaned with innocent victims1 and the ,church blessed the banners of pitiless murderers1 and sang ,te ,deums for the crowning mercy of the ,eve of ,st4 ,bartholomew4 ,we might turn over the pages1 to a later chapter1--that of the reign of the ,fifteenth ,louis1 when young girls1 hardly more than children1 were kidnapped to serve his lusts2 when lettres de cachet filled the ,bastile with persons accused of no crime1 with husbands who were in the way of the pleasures of lascivious wives and of villains wearing orders of nobility2 when the people were ground between the upper and the nether millstone of taxes1 customs1 and excises2 and when the ,pope's ,nuncio and the ,cardinal de la ,roche-,ayman1 devoutly kneeling1 one on each side of ,madame du ,barry1 the king's abandoned prostitute1 put the slippers on her naked feet1 as she rose from the adulterous bed4 ,then1 indeed1 suffering and toil were the two forms of man1 and the people were but beasts of burden4 ,the true ,mason is he who labors strenuously to help his ,order effect its great purposes4 ,not that the ,order can effect them by itself2 but that it1 too1 can help4 ,it also is one of ,god's instruments4 ,it is a ,force and a ,power2 and shame upon it1 if it did not exert itself1 and1 if need be1 sacrifice its children in the cause of humanity1 as ,abraham was ready to offer up ,isaac on the altar of sacrifice4 ,it will not forget that noble allegory of ,curtius leaping1 all in armor1 into the great yawning gulf that opened to swallow ,rome4 ,it will ,,try4 ,it shall not be its fault if the day never comes when man will no longer have to fear a conquest1 an invasion1 a usurpation1 a rivalry of nations with the armed hand1 an interruption of civilization depending on a marriage-royal1 or a birth in the hereditary tyrannies2 a partition of the peoples by a ,congress1 a dismemberment by the downfall of a dynasty1 a combat of two religions1 meeting head to head1 like two goats of darkness on the bridge of the ,infinite3 when they will no longer have to fear famine1 spoliation1 prostitution from distress1 misery from lack of work1 and all the brigandages of chance in the forest of events3 when nations will gravitate about the ,truth1 like stars about the light1 each in its own orbit1 without clashing or collision2 and everywhere ,freedom1 cinctured with stars1 crowned with the celestial splendors1 and with wisdom and justice on either hand1 will reign supreme4 ,in your studies as a ,fellow-,craft you must be guided by ,,reason1 ,,love and ,,faith4 ,we do not now discuss the differences between ,reason and ,faith1 and undertake to define the domain of each4 ,but it is necessary to say1 that even in the ordinary affairs of life we are governed far more by what we believe than by what we know2 by ,,faith and ,,analogy1 than by ,,reason4 ,the ,age of ,reason of the ,french ,revolution taught1 we know1 what a folly it is to enthrone ,reason by itself as supreme4 ,reason is at fault when it deals with the ,infinite4 ,there we must revere and believe4 ,notwithstanding the calamities of the virtuous1 the miseries of the deserving1 the prosperity of tyrants and the murder of martyrs1 we must believe there is a wise1 just1 merciful1 and loving ,god1 an ,intelligence and a ,providence1 supreme over all1 and caring for the minutest things and events4 ,a ,faith is a necessity to man4 ,woe to him who believes nothing6 ,we believe that the soul of another is of a certain nature and possesses certain qualities1 that he is generous and honest1 or penurious and knavish1 that she is virtuous and amiable1 or vicious and ill-tempered1 from the countenance alone1 from little more than a glimpse of it1 without the means of knowing4 ,we venture our fortune on the signature of a man on the other side of the world1 whom we never saw1 upon the belief that he is honest and trustworthy4 ,we believe that occurrences have taken place1 upon the assertion of others4 ,we believe that one will acts upon another1 and in the reality of a multitude of other phenomena that ,reason cannot explain4 ,but we ought not to believe what ,reason authoritatively denies1 that at which the sense of right revolts1 that which is absurd or self-contradictory1 or at issue with experience or science1 or that which degrades the character of the ,deity1 and would make ,him revengeful1 malignant1 cruel1 or unjust4 ,a man's ,faith is as much his own as his ,reason is4 ,his ,freedom consists as much in his faith being free as in his will being uncontrolled by power4 ,all the ,priests and ,augurs of ,rome or ,greece had not the right to require ,cicero or ,socrates to believe in the absurd mythology of the vulgar4 ,all the ,imaums of ,mohammedanism have not the right to require a ,pagan to believe that ,gabriel dictated the ,koran to the ,prophet4 ,all the ,brahmins that ever lived1 if assembled in one conclave like the ,cardinals1 could not gain a right to compel a single human being to believe in the ,hindu ,cosmogony4 ,no man or body of men can be infallible1 and authorized to decide what other men shall believe1 as to any tenet of faith4 ,except to those who first receive it1 every religion and the truth of all inspired writings depend on human testimony and internal evidences1 to be judged of by ,reason and the wise analogies of ,faith4 ,each man must necessarily have the right to judge of their truth for himself2 because no one man can have any higher or better right to judge than another of equal information and intelligence4 ,domitian claimed to be the ,lord ,god2 and statues and images of him1 in silver and gold1 were found throughout the known world4 ,he claimed to be regarded as the ,god of all men2 and1 according to ,suetonius1 began his letters thus3 ,our ,lord and ,god commands that it should be done so and so2 and formally decreed that no one should address him otherwise1 either in writing or by word of mouth4 ,palfurius ,sura1 the philosopher1 who was his chief delator1 accusing those who refused to recognize his divinity1 however much he may have believed in that divinity1 had not the right to demand that a single ,christian in ,rome or the provinces should do the same4 ,reason is far from being the only guide1 in morals or in political science4 ,love or loving-kindness must keep it company1 to exclude fanaticism1 intolerance1 and persecution1 to all of which a morality too ascetic1 and extreme political principles1 invariably lead4 ,we must also have faith in ourselves1 and in our fellows and the people1 or we shall be easily discouraged by reverses1 and our ardor cooled by obstacles4 ,we must not listen to ,reason alone4 ,force comes more from ,faith and ,love3 and it is by the aid of these that man scales the loftiest heights of morality1 or becomes the ,saviour and ,redeemer of a ,people4 ,reason must hold the helm2 but these supply the motive power4 ,they are the wings of the soul4 ,enthusiasm is generally unreasoning2 and without it1 and ,love and ,faith1 there would have been no ,,rienzi1 or ,,tell1 or ,,sydney1 or any other of the great patriots whose names are immortal4 ,if the ,deity had been merely and only ,all-wise and ,all-mighty1 ,he would never have created the ,universe4 99 99 99 99 99 ,it is ,,genius that gets ,power2 and its prime lieutenants are ,,force and ,,wisdom4 ,the unruliest of men bend before the leader that has the sense to see and the will to do4 ,it is ,genius1 that rules with ,god-like ,power2 that unveils1 with its counsellors1 the hidden human mysteries1 cuts asunder with its word the huge knots1 and builds up with its word the crumbled ruins4 ,at its glance fall down the senseless idols1 whose altars have been on all the high places and in all the sacred groves4 ,dishonesty and imbecility stand abashed before it4 ,its single ,yea or ,nay revokes the wrongs of ages1 and is heard among the future generations4 ,its power is immense1 because its wisdom is immense4 ,genius is the ,sun of the political sphere4 ,force and ,wisdom1 its ministers1 are the orbs that carry its light into darkness1 and answer it with their solid reflecting ,truth4 ,development is symbolized by the use of the ,mallet and ,chisel2 the development of the energies and intellect1 of the individual and the people4 ,genius may place itself at the head of an unintellectual1 uneducated1 unenergetic nation2 but in a free country1 to cultivate the intellect of those who elect1 is the only mode of securing intellect and genius for rulers4 ,the world is seldom ruled by the great spirits1 except after dissolution and new birth4 ,in periods of transition and convulsion1 the ,long ,parliaments1 the ,robespierres and ,marats1 and the semi-respectabilities of intellect1 too often hold the reins of power4 ,the ,cromwells and ,napoleons come later4 ,after ,marius and ,sulla and ,cicero the rhetorician1 ,c,,sar4 ,the great intellect is often too sharp for the granite of this life4 ,legislators may be very ordinary men2 for legislation is very ordinary work2 it is but the final issue of a million minds4 ,the power of the purse or the sword1 compared to that of the spirit1 is poor and contemptible4 ,as to lands1 you may have agrarian laws1 and equal partition4 ,but a man's intellect is all his own1 held direct from ,god1 an inalienable fief4 ,it is the most potent of weapons in the hands of a paladin4 ,if the people comprehend ,force in the physical sense1 how much more do they reverence the intellectual6 ,ask ,hildebrand1 or ,luther1 or ,loyola4 ,they fall prostrate before it1 as before an idol4 ,the mastery of mind over mind is the only conquest worth having4 ,the other injures both1 and dissolves at a breath2 rude as it is1 the great cable falls down and snaps at last4 ,but this dimly resembles the dominion of the ,creator4 ,it does not need a subject like that of ,peter the ,hermit4 ,if the stream be but bright and strong1 it will sweep like a spring-tide to the popular heart4 ,not in word only1 but in intellectual act lies the fascination4 ,it is the homage to the ,invisible4 ,this power1 knotted with ,love1 is the golden chain let down into the well of ,truth1 or the invisible chain that binds the ranks of mankind together4 ,influence of man over man is a law of nature1 whether it be by a great estate in land or in intellect4 ,it may mean slavery1 a deference to the eminent human judgment4 ,society hangs spiritually together1 like the revolving spheres above4 ,the free country1 in which intellect and genius govern1 will endure4 ,where they serve1 and other influences govern1 the national life is short4 ,all the nations that have tried to govern themselves by their smallest1 by the incapables1 or merely respectables1 have come to nought4 ,constitutions and ,laws1 without ,genius and ,intellect to govern1 will not prevent decay4 ,in that case they have the dry-rot and the life dies out of them by degrees4 ,to give a nation the franchise of the ,intellect is the only sure mode of perpetuating freedom4 ,this will compel exertion and generous care for the people from those on the higher seats1 and honorable and intelligent allegiance from those below4 ,then political public life will protect all men from self-abasement in sensual pursuits1 from vulgar acts and low greed1 by giving the noble ambition of just imperial rule4 ,to elevate the people by teaching loving-kindness and wisdom1 with power to him who teaches best3 and so to develop the free ,state from the rough ashlar3--this is the great labor in which ,masonry desires to lend a helping hand4 ,all of us should labor in building up the great monument of a nation1 the ,holy ,house of the ,temple4 ,the cardinal virtues must not be partitioned among men1 becoming the exclusive property of some1 like the common crafts4 ,,all are apprenticed to the partners1 ,duty and ,honor4 ,masonry is a march and a struggle toward the ,light4 ,for the individual as well as the nation1 ,light is ,virtue1 ,manliness1 ,intelligence1 ,liberty4 ,tyranny over the soul or body1 is darkness4 ,the freest people1 like the freest man1 is always in danger of relapsing into servitude4 ,wars are almost always fatal to ,republics4 ,they create tyrants1 and consolidate their power4 ,they spring1 for the most part1 from evil counsels4 ,when the small and the base are intrusted with power1 legislation and administration become but two parallel series of errors and blunders1 ending in war1 calamity1 and the necessity for a tyrant4 ,when the nation feels its feet sliding backward1 as if it walked on the ice1 the time has come for a supreme effort4 ,the magnificent tyrants of the past are but the types of those of the future4 ,men and nations will always sell themselves into slavery1 to gratify their passions and obtain revenge4 ,the tyrant's plea1 necessity1 is always available2 and the tyrant once in power1 the necessity of providing for his safety makes him savage4 ,religion is a power1 and he must control that4 ,independent1 its sanctuaries might rebel4 ,then it becomes unlawful for the people to worship ,god in their own way1 and the old spiritual despotisms revive4 ,men must believe as ,power wills1 or die2 and even if they may believe as they will1 all they have1 lands1 houses1 body1 and soul1 are stamped with the royal brand4 ,i am the ,state1 said ,louis the ,fourteenth to his peasants2 the very shirts on your backs are mine1 and ,i can take them if ,i will4 ,and dynasties so established endure1 like that of the ,csars of ,rome1 of the ,csars of ,constantinople1 of the ,caliphs1 the ,stuarts1 the ,spaniards1 the ,goths1 the ,valois1 until the race wears out1 and ends with lunatics and idiots1 who still rule4 ,there is no concord among men1 to end the horrible bondage4 ,the ,state falls inwardly1 as well as by the outward blows of the incoherent elements4 ,the furious human passions1 the sleeping human indolence1 the stolid human ignorance1 the rivalry of human castes1 are as good for the kings as the swords of the ,paladins4 ,the worshippers have all bowed so long to the old idol1 that they cannot go into the streets and choose another ,grand ,llama4 ,and so the effete ,state floats on down the puddled stream of ,time1 until the tempest or the tidal sea discovers that the worm has consumed its strength1 and it crumbles into oblivion4 99 99 99 99 99 ,civil and religious ,freedom must go hand in hand2 and ,persecution matures them both4 ,a people content with the thoughts made for them by the priests of a church will be content with ,royalty by ,divine ,right1--the ,church and the ,throne mutually sustaining each other4 ,they will smother schism and reap infidelity and indifference2 and while the battle for freedom goes on around them1 they will only sink the more apathetically into servitude and a deep trance1 perhaps occasionally interrupted by furious fits of frenzy1 followed by helpless exhaustion4 ,despotism is not difficult in any land that has only known one master from its childhood2 but there is no harder problem than to perfect and perpetuate free government by the people themselves2 for it is not one king that is needed3 all must be kings4 ,it is easy to set up ,masaniello1 that in a few days he may fall lower than before4 ,but free government grows slowly1 like the individual human faculties2 and like the forest-trees1 from the inner heart outward4 ,liberty is not only the common birth-right1 but it is lost as well by non-user as by mis-user4 ,it depends far more on the universal effort than any other human property4 ,it has no single shrine or holy well of pilgrimage for the nation2 for its waters should burst out freely from the whole soil4 ,the free popular power is one that is only known in its strength in the hour of adversity3 for all its trials1 sacrifices and expectations are its own4 ,it is trained to think for itself1 and also to act for itself4 ,when the enslaved people prostrate themselves in the dust before the hurricane1 like the alarmed beasts of the field1 the free people stand erect before it1 in all the strength of unity1 in self-reliance1 in mutual reliance1 with effrontery against all but the visible hand of ,god4 ,it is neither cast down by calamity nor elated by success4 ,this vast power of endurance1 of forbearance1 of patience1 and of performance1 is only acquired by continual exercise of all the functions1 like the healthful physical human vigor1 like the individual moral vigor4 ,and the maxim is no less true than old1 that eternal vigilance is the price of liberty4 ,it is curious to observe the universal pretext by which the tyrants of all times take away the national liberties4 ,it is stated in the statutes of ,edward ,,ii41 that the justices and the sheriff should no longer be elected by the people1 on account of the riots and dissensions which had arisen4 ,the same reason was given long before for the suppression of popular election of the bishops2 and there is a witness to this untruth in the yet older times1 when ,rome lost her freedom1 and her indignant citizens declared that tumultuous liberty is better than disgraceful tranquillity4 99 99 99 99 99 ,with the ,compasses and ,scale1 we can trace all the figures used in the mathematics of planes1 or in what are called ,,geometry and ,,trigonometry1 two words that are themselves deficient in meaning4 ,,geometry1 which the letter ,g in most ,lodges is said to signify1 means measurement of land or the earth--or ,surveying2 and ,,trigonometry1 the measurement of triangles1 or figures with three sides or angles4 ,the latter is by far the most appropriate name for the science intended to be expressed by the word ,geometry4 ,neither is of a meaning sufficiently wide3 for although the vast surveys of great spaces of the earth's surface1 and of coasts1 by which shipwreck and calamity to mariners are avoided1 are effected by means of triangulation2--though it was by the same method that the ,french astronomers measured a degree of latitude and so established a scale of measures on an immutable basis2 though it is by means of the immense triangle that has for its base a line drawn in imagination between the place of the earth now and its place six months hence in space1 and for its apex a planet or star1 that the distance of ,jupiter or ,sirius from the earth is ascertained2 and though there is a triangle still more vast1 its base extending either way from us1 with and past the horizon into immensity1 and its apex infinitely distant above us2 to which corresponds a similar infinite triangle belo what is above equalling what is below1 immensity equalling immensity2--yet the ,science of ,numbers1 to which ,pythagoras attached so much importance1 and whose mysteries are found everywhere in the ancient religions1 and most of all in the ,kabalah and in the ,bible1 is not sufficiently expressed by either the word ,geometry or the word ,trigonometry4 ,for that science includes these1 with ,arithmetic1 and also with ,algebra1 ,logarithms1 the ,integral and ,differential ,calculus2 and by means of it are worked out the great problems of ,astronomy or the ,laws of the ,stars4 99 99 99 99 99 ,virtue is but heroic bravery to do the thing thought to be true1 in spite of all enemies of flesh or spirit1 in despite of all temptations or menaces4 ,man is accountable for the uprightness of his doctrine1 but not for the rightness of it4 ,devout enthusiasm is far easier than a good action4 ,the end of thought is action2 the sole purpose of ,religion is an ,ethic4 ,theory1 in political science1 is worthless1 except for the purpose of being realized in practice4 ,in every credo1 religious or political as in the soul of man1 there are two regions1 the ,dialectic and the ,ethic2 and it is only when the two are harmoniously blended1 that a perfect discipline is evolved4 ,there are men who dialectically are ,christians1 as there are a multitude who dialectically are ,masons1 and yet who are ethically ,infidels1 as these are ethically of the ,profane1 in the strictest sense3--intellectual believers1 but practical atheists--men who will write you ,evidences1 in perfect faith in their logic1 but cannot carry out the ,christian or ,masonic doctrine1 owing to the strength1 or weakness1 of the flesh4 ,on the other hand1 there are many dialectical skeptics1 but ethical believers1 as there are many ,masons who have never undergone initiation2 and as ethics are the end and purpose of religion1 so are ethical believers the most worthy4 ,he who does right is better than he who thinks right4 ,but you must not act upon the hypothesis that all men are hypocrites1 whose conduct does not square with their sentiments4 ,no vice is more rare1 for no task is more difficult1 than systematic hypocrisy4 ,when the ,demagogue becomes a ,usurper it does not follow that he was all the time a hypocrite4 ,shallow men only so judge of others4 ,the truth is1 that creed has1 in general1 very little influence on the conduct2 in religion1 on that of the individual2 in politics1 on that of party4 ,as a general thing1 the ,mahometan1 in the ,orient1 is far more honest and trustworthy than the ,christian4 ,a ,gospel of ,love in the mouth1 is an ,avatar of ,persecution in the heart4 ,men who believe in eternal damnation and a literal sea of fire and brimstone1 incur the certainty of it1 according to their creed1 on the slightest temptation of appetite or passion4 ,predestination insists on the necessity of good works4 ,in ,masonry1 at the least now of passion1 one speaks ill of another behind his back2 and so far from the ,brotherhood of ,blue ,masonry being real1 and the solemn pledges contained in the use of the word ,brother being complied with1 extraordinary pains are taken to show that ,masonry is a sort of abstraction1 which scorns to interfere in worldly matters4 ,the rule may be regarded as universal1 that1 where there is a choice to be made1 a ,mason will give his vote and influence1 in politics and business1 to the less qualified profane in preference to the better qualified ,mason4 ,one will take an oath to oppose any unlawful usurpation of power1 and then become the ready and even eager instrument of a usurper4 ,another will call one ,brother1 and then play toward him the part of ,judas ,iscariot1 or strike him1 as ,joab did ,abner1 under the fifth rib1 with a lie whose authorship is not to be traced4 ,masonry does not change human nature1 and cannot make honest men out of born knaves4 ,while you are still engaged in preparation1 and in accumulating principles for future use1 do not forget the words of the ,apostle ,james3 ,for if any be a hearer of the word1 and not a doer1 he is like unto a man beholding his natural face in a glass1 for he beholdeth himself1 and goeth away1 and straightway forgetteth what manner of man he was2 but whoso looketh into the perfect law of liberty1 and continueth1 he being not a forgetful hearer1 but a doer of the work1 this man shall be blessed in his work4 ,if any man among you seem to be religious1 and bridleth not his tongue1 but deceiveth his own heart1 this man's religion is vain4444 ,faith1 if it hath not works1 is dead1 being an abstraction4 ,a man is justified by works1 and not by faith only4444 ,the devils believe1--and tremble4444 ,as the body without the heart is dead1 so is faith without works4 99 99 99 99 99 ,in political science1 also1 free governments are erected and free constitutions framed1 upon some simple and intelligible theory4 ,upon whatever theory they are based1 no sound conclusion is to be reached except by carrying the theory out without flinching1 both in argument on constitutional questions and in practice4 ,shrink from the true theory through timidity1 or wander from it through want of the logical faculty1 or transgress against it through passion or on the plea of necessity or expediency1 and you have denial or invasion of rights1 laws that offend against first1 principles1 usurpation of illegal powers1 or abnegation and abdication of legitimate authority4 ,do not forget1 either1 that as the showy1 superficial1 impudent and self-conceited will almost always be preferred1 even in utmost stress of danger and calamity of the ,state1 to the man of solid learning1 large intellect1 and catholic sympathies1 because he is nearer the common popular and legislative level1 so the highest truth is not acceptable to the mass of mankind4 ,when ,,solon was asked if he had given his countrymen the best laws1 he answered1 ,the best they are capable of receiving4 ,this is one of the profoundest utterances on record2 and yet like all great truths1 so simple as to be rarely comprehended4 ,it contains the whole philosophy of ,history4 ,it utters a truth which1 had it been recognized1 would have saved men an immensity of vain1 idle disputes1 and have led them into the clearer paths of knowledge in the ,past4 ,it means this1--that all truths are ,truths of ,period1 and not truths for eternity2 that whatever great fact has had strength and vitality enough to make itself real1 whether of religion1 morals1 government1 or of whatever else1 and to find place in this world1 has been a truth for the time1 and as good as men were capable of receiving4 ,so1 too1 with great men4 ,the intellect and capacity of a people has a single measure1--that of the great men whom ,providence gives it1 and whom it receives4 ,there have always been men too great for their time or their people4 ,every people makes such men only its idols1 as it is capable of comprehending4 ,to impose ideal truth or law upon an incapable and merely real man1 must ever be a vain and empty speculation4 ,the laws of sympathy govern in this as they do in regard to men who are put at the head4 ,we do not know1 as yet1 what qualifications the sheep insist on in a leader4 ,with men who are too high intellectually1 the mass have as little sympathy as they have with the stars4 ,when ,,burke1 the wisest statesman ,england ever had1 rose to speak1 the ,house of ,commons was depopulated as upon an agreed signal4 ,there is as little sympathy between the mass and the highest ,,truths4 ,the highest truth1 being incomprehensible to the man of realities1 as the highest man is1 and largely above his level1 will be a great unreality and falsehood to an unintellectual man4 ,the profoundest doctrines of ,christianity and ,philosophy would be mere jargon and babble to a ,potawatomie ,indian4 ,the popular explanations of the symbols of ,masonry are fitting for the multitude that have swarmed into the ,temples1--being fully up to the level of their capacity4 ,catholicism was a vital truth in its earliest ages1 but it became obsolete1 and ,protestantism arose1 flourished1 and deteriorated4 ,the doctrines of ,,zoroaster were the best which the ancient ,persians were fitted to receive2 those of ,,confucius were fitted for the ,chinese2 those of ,,mohammed for the idolatrous ,arabs of his age4 ,each was ,truth for the time4 ,each was a ,,gospel1 preached by a ,,reformer2 and if any men are so little fortunate as to remain content therewith1 when others have attained a higher truth1 it is their misfortune and not their fault4 ,they are to be pitied for it1 and not persecuted4 ,do not expect easily to convince men of the truth1 or to lead them to think aright4 ,the subtle human intellect can weave its mists over even the clearest vision4 ,remember that it is eccentric enough to ask unanimity from a jury2 but to ask it from any large number of men on any point of political faith is amazing4 ,you can hardly get two men in any ,congress or ,convention to agree2--nay1 you can rarely get one to agree with himself4 ,the political church which chances to be supreme anywhere has an indefinite number of tongues4 ,how then can we expect men to agree as to matters beyond the cognizance of the senses8 ,how can we compass the ,infinite and the ,invisible with any chain of evidence8 ,ask the small sea-waves what they murmur among the pebbles6 ,how many of those words that come from the invisible shore are lost1 like the birds1 in the long passage8 ,how vainly do we strain the eyes across the long ,infinite6 ,we must be content1 as the children are1 with the pebbles that have been stranded1 since it is forbidden us to explore the hidden depths4 ,the ,fellow-,craft is especially taught by this not to become wise in his own conceit4 ,pride in unsound theories is worse than ignorance4 ,humility becomes a ,mason4 ,take some quiet1 sober moment of life1 and add together the two ideas of ,pride and ,man2 behold him1 creature of a span1 stalking through infinite space in all the grandeur of littleness6 ,perched on a speck of the ,universe1 every wind of ,heaven strikes into his blood the coldness of death2 his soul floats away from his body like the melody from the string4 ,day and night1 like dust on the wheel1 he is rolled along the heavens1 through a labyrinth of worlds1 and all the creations of ,god are flaming on every side1 further than even his imagination can reach4 ,is this a creature to make for himself a crown of glory1 to deny his own flesh1 to mock at his fellow1 sprung with him from that dust to which both will soon return8 ,does the proud man not err8 ,does he not suffer8 ,does he not die8 ,when he reasons1 is he never stopped short by difficulties8 ,when he acts1 does he never succumb to the temptations of pleasure8 ,when he lives1 is he free from pain8 ,do the diseases not claim him as their prey8 ,when he dies1 can he escape the common grave8 ,pride is not the heritage of man4 ,humility should dwell with frailty1 and atone for ignorance1 error and imperfection4 ,neither should the ,mason be over-anxious for office and honor1 however certainly he may feel that he has the capacity to serve the ,state4 ,he should neither seek nor spurn honors4 ,it is good to enjoy the blessings of fortune2 it is better to submit without a pang to their loss4 ,the greatest deeds are not done in the glare of light1 and before the eyes of the populace4 ,he whom ,god has gifted with a love of retirement possesses1 as it were1 an additional sense2 and among the vast and noble scenes of nature1 we find the balm for the wounds we have received among the pitiful shifts of policy2 for the attachment to solitude is the surest preservative from the ills of life4 ,but ,resignation is the more noble in proportion as it is the less passive4 ,retirement is only a morbid selfishness1 if it prohibit exertions for others2 as it is only dignified and noble1 when it is the shade whence the oracles issue that are to instruct mankind2 and retirement of this nature is the sole seclusion which a good and wise man will covet or command4 ,the very philosophy which makes such a man covet the quiet1 will make him eschew the inutility of the hermitage4 ,very little praiseworthy would ,,lord ,,bolingbroke have seemed among his haymakers and ploughmen1 if among haymakers and ploughmen he had looked with an indifferent eye upon a profligate minister and a venal ,parliament4 ,very little interest would have attached to his beans and vetches1 if beans and vetches had caused him to forget that if he was happier on a farm he could be more useful in a ,senate1 and made him forego1 in the sphere of a bailiff1 all care for re-entering that of a legislator4 ,remember1 also1 that there is an education which quickens the ,intellect1 and leaves the heart hollower or harder than before4 ,there are ethical lessons in the laws of the heavenly bodies1 in the properties of earthly elements1 in geography1 chemistry1 geology1 and all the material sciences4 ,things are symbols of ,truths4 ,properties are symbols of ,truths4 ,science1 not teaching moral and spiritual truths1 is dead and dry1 of little more real value than to commit to the memory a long row of unconnected dates1 or of the names of bugs or butterflies4 ,christianity1 it is said1 begins from the burning of the false gods by the people themselves4 ,education begins with the burning of our intellectual and moral idols3 our prejudices1 notions1 conceits1 our worthless or ignoble purposes4 ,especially it is necessary to shake off the love of worldly gain4 ,with ,freedom comes the longing for worldly advancement4 ,in that race men are ever falling1 rising1 running1 and falling again4 ,the lust for wealth and the abject dread of poverty delve the furrows on many a noble brow4 ,the gambler grows old as he watches the chances4 ,lawful hazard drives ,youth away before its time2 and this ,youth draws heavy bills of exchange on ,age4 ,men live1 like the engines1 at high pressure1 a hundred years in a hundred months2 the ledger becomes the ,bible1 and the day-book the ,book of the ,morning ,prayer4 ,hence flow overreachings and sharp practice1 heartless traffic in which the capitalist buys profit with the lives of the laborers1 speculations that coin a nation's agonies into wealth1 and all the other devilish enginery of ,mammon4 ,this1 and greed for office1 are the two columns at the entrance to the ,temple of ,moloch4 ,it is doubtful whether the latter1 blossoming in falsehood1 trickery1 and fraud1 is not even more pernicious than the former4 ,at all events they are twins1 and fitly mated2 and as either gains control of the unfortunate subject1 his soul withers away and decays1 and at last dies out4 ,the souls of half the human race leave them long before they die4 ,the two greeds are twin plagues of the leprosy1 and make the man unclean2 and whenever they break out they spread until they cover all the skin of him that hath the plague1 from his head even to his foot4 ,even the raw flesh of the heart becomes unclean with it4 99 99 99 99 99 ,alexander of ,macedon has left a saying behind him which has survived his conquests3 ,nothing is nobler than work4 ,work only can keep even kings respectable4 ,and when a king is a king indeed1 it is an honorable office to give tone to the manners and morals of a nation2 to set the example of virtuous conduct1 and restore in spirit the old schools of chivalry1 in which the young manhood may be nurtured to real greatness4 ,work and wages will go together in men's minds1 in the most royal institutions4 ,we must ever come to the idea of real work4 ,the rest that follows labor should be sweeter than the rest which follows rest4 ,let no ,fellow-,craft imagine that the work of the lowly and uninfluential is not worth the doing4 ,there is no legal limit to the possible influences of a good deed or a wise word or a generous effort4 ,nothing is really small4 ,whoever is open to the deep penetration of nature knows this4 ,although1 indeed1 no absolute satisfaction may be vouchsafed to philosophy1 any more in circumscribing the cause than in limiting the effect1 the man of thought and contemplation falls into unfathomable ecstacies in view of all the decompositions of forces resulting in unity4 ,all works for all4 ,destruction is not annihilation1 but regeneration4 ,algebra applies to the clouds2 the radiance of the star benefits the rose2 no thinker would dare to say that the perfume of the hawthorn is useless to the constellations4 ,who1 then1 can calculate the path of the molecule8 ,how do we know that the creations of worlds are not determined by the fall of grains of sand8 ,who1 then1 understands the reciprocal flow and ebb of the infinitely great and the infinitely small2 the echoing of causes in the abysses of beginning1 and the avalanches of creation8 ,a fleshworm is of account2 the small is great2 the great is small2 all is in equilibrium in necessity4 ,there are marvellous relations between beings and things2 in this inexhaustible ,whole1 from sun to grub1 there is no scorn3 all need each other4 ,light does not carry terrestrial perfumes into the azure depths1 without knowing what it does with them2 night distributes the stellar essence to the sleeping plants4 ,every bird which flies has the thread of the ,infinite in its claw4 ,germination includes the hatching of a meteor1 and the tap of a swallow's bill1 breaking the egg2 and it leads forward the birth of an earth-worm and the advent of a ,socrates4 ,where the telescope ends the microscope begins4 ,which of them the grander view8 ,a bit of mould is a ,pleiad of flowers--a nebula is an ant-hill of stars4 ,there is the same and a still more wonderful interpenetration between the things of the intellect and the things of matter4 ,elements and principles are mingled1 combined1 espoused1 multiplied one by another1 to such a degree as to bring the material world and the moral world into the same light4 ,phenomena are perpetually folded back upon themselves4 ,in the vast cosmical changes the universal life comes and goes in unknown quantities1 enveloping all in the invisible mystery of the emanations1 losing no dream from no single sleep1 sowing an animalcule here1 crumbling a star there1 oscillating and winding in curves2 making a force of ,light1 and an element of ,thought2 disseminated and indivisible1 dissolving all save that point without length1 breadth1 or thickness4 ,the ,,myself2 reducing everything to the ,soul-atom2 making everything blossom into ,god2 entangling all activities1 from the highest to the lowest1 in the obscurity of a dizzying mechanism2 hanging the flight of an insect upon the movement of the earth2 subordinating1 perhaps1 if only by the identity of the law1 the eccentric evolutions of the comet in the firmament1 to the whirlings of the infusoria in the drop of water4 ,a mechanism made of mind1 the first motor of which is the gnat1 and its last wheel the zodiac4 ,a peasant-boy1 guiding ,blcher by the right one of two roads1 the other being impassable for artillery1 enables him to reach ,waterloo in time to save ,wellington from a defeat that would have been a rout2 and so enables the kings to imprison ,napoleon on a barren rock in mid-ocean4 ,an unfaithful smith1 by the slovenly shoeing of a horse1 causes his lameness1 and1 he stumbling1 the career of his world-conquering rider ends1 and the destinies of empires are changed4 ,a generous officer permits an imprisoned monarch to end his game of chess before leading him to the block2 and meanwhile the usurper dies1 and the prisoner reascends the throne4 ,an unskillful workman repairs the compass1 or malice or stupidity disarranges it1 the ship mistakes her course1 the waves swallow a ,caesar1 and a new chapter is written in the history of a world4 ,what we call accident is but the adamantine chain of indissoluble connection between all created things4 ,the locust1 hatched in the ,arabian sands1 the small worm that destroys the cotton-boll1 one making famine in the ,orient1 the other closing the mills and starving the workmen and their children in the ,occident1 with riots and massacres1 are as much the ministers of ,god as the earthquake2 and the fate of nations depends more on them than on the intellect of its kings and legislators4 ,a civil war in ,america will end in shaking the world2 and that war may be caused by the vote of some ignorant prize-fighter or crazed fanatic in a city or in a ,congress1 or of some stupid boor in an obscure country parish4 ,the electricity of universal sympathy1 of action and reaction1 pervades everything1 the planets and the motes in the sunbeam4 ,,faust1 with his types1 or ,,luther1 with his sermons1 worked greater results than ,alexander or ,hannibal4 ,a single thought sometimes suffices to overturn a dynasty4 ,a silly song did more to unseat ,james the ,second than the acquittal of the ,bishops4 ,voltaire1 ,condorcet1 and ,rousseau uttered words that will ring1 in change and revolutions1 throughout all the ages4 ,remember1 that though life is short1 ,thought and the influences of what we do or say are immortal2 and that no calculus has yet pretended to ascertain the law of proportion between cause and effect4 ,the hammer of an ,english blacksmith1 smiting down an insolent official1 led to a rebellion which came near being a revolution4 ,the word well spoken1 the deed fitly done1 even by the feeblest or humblest1 cannot help but have their effect4 ,more or less1 the effect is inevitable and eternal4 ,the echoes of the greatest deeds may die away like the echoes of a cry among the cliffs1 and what has been done seem to the human judgment to have been without result4 ,the unconsidered act of the poorest of men may fire the train that leads to the subterranean mine1 and an empire be rent by the explosion4 ,the power of a free people is often at the disposal of a single and seemingly an unimportant individual2--a terrible and truthful power2 for such a people feel with one heart1 and therefore can lift up their myriad arms for a single blow4 ,and1 again1 there is no graduated scale for the measurement of the influences of different intellects upon the popular mind4 ,peter the ,hermit held no office1 yet what a work he wrought6 99 99 99 99 99 ,from the political point of view there is but a single principle1--the sovereignty of man over himself4 ,this sovereignty of one's self over one's self is called ,,liberty4 ,where two or several of these sovereignties associate1 the ,state begins4 ,but in this association there is no abdication4 ,each sovereignty parts with a certain portion of itself to form the common right4 ,that portion is the same for all4 ,there is equal contribution by all to the joint sovereignty4 ,this identity of concession which each makes to all1 is ,,equality4 ,the common right is nothing more or less than the protection of all1 pouring its rays on each4 ,this protection of each by all1 is ,,fraternity4 ,liberty is the summit1 ,equality the base4 ,equality is not all vegetation on a level1 a society of big spears of grass and stunted oaks1 a neighborhood of jealousies1 emasculating each other4 ,it is1 civilly1 all aptitudes having equal opportunity2 politically1 all votes having equal weight2 religiously1 all consciences having equal rights4 ,equality has an organ2--gratuitous and obligatory instruction4 ,we must begin with the right to the alphabet4 ,the primary school obligatory upon all2 the higher school offered to all4 ,such is the law4 ,from the same school for all springs equal society4 ,instruction6 ,light6 all comes from ,light1 and all returns to it4 ,we must learn the thoughts of the common people1 if we would be wise and do any good work4 ,we must look at men1 not so much for what ,fortune has given to them with her blind old eyes1 as for the gifts ,nature has brought in her lap1 and for the use that has been made of them4 ,we profess to be equal in a ,church and in the ,lodge3 we shall be equal in the sight of ,god when ,he judges the earth4 ,we may well sit on the pavement together here1 in communion and conference1 for the few brief moments that constitute life4 ,a ,democratic ,government undoubtedly has its defects1 because it is made and administered by men1 and not by the ,wise ,gods4 ,it cannot be concise and sharp1 like the despotic4 ,when its ire is aroused it develops its latent strength1 and the sturdiest rebel trembles4 ,but its habitual domestic rule is tolerant1 patient1 and indecisive4 ,men are brought together1 first to differ1 and then to agree4 ,affirmation1 negation1 discussion1 solution3 these are the means of attaining truth4 ,often the enemy will be at the gates before the babble of the disturbers is drowned in the chorus of consent4 ,in the ,legislative office deliberation will often defeat decision4 ,liberty can play the fool like the ,tyrants4 ,refined society requires greater minuteness of regulation2 and the steps of all advancing ,states are more and more to be picked among the old rubbish and the new materials4 ,the difficulty lies in discovering the right path through the chaos of confusion4 ,the adjustment of mutual rights and wrongs is also more difficult in democracies4 ,we do not see and estimate the relative importance of objects so easily and clearly from the level or the waving land as from the elevation of a lone peak1 towering above the plain2 for each looks through his own mist4 ,abject dependence on constituents1 also1 is too common4 ,it is as miserable a thing as abject dependence on a minister or the favorite of a ,tyrant4 ,it is rare to find a man who can speak out the simple truth that is in him1 honestly and frankly1 without fear1 favor1 or affection1 either to ,emperor or ,people4 ,moreover1 in assemblies of men1 faith in each other is almost always wanting1 unless a terrible pressure of calamity or danger from without produces cohesion4 ,hence the constructive power of such assemblies is generally deficient4 ,the chief triumphs of modern days1 in ,europe1 have been in pulling down and obliterating2 not in building up4 ,but ,repeal is not ,reform4 ,time must bring with him the ,restorer and ,rebuilder4 ,speech1 also1 is grossly abused in ,republics2 and if the use of speech be glorious1 its abuse is the most villainous of vices4 ,rhetoric1 ,plato says1 is the art of ruling the minds of men4 ,but in democracies it is too common to hide thought in words1 to overlay it1 to babble nonsense4 ,the gleams and glitter of intellectual soap-and-water bubbles are mistaken for the rainbow-glories of genius4 ,the worthless pyrites is continually mistaken for gold4 ,even intellect condescends to intellectual jugglery1 balancing thoughts as a juggler balances pipes on his chin4 ,in all ,congresses we have the inexhaustible flow of babble1 and ,faction's clamorous knavery in discussion1 until the divine power of speech1 that privilege of man and great gift of ,god1 is no better than the screech of parrots or the mimicry of monkeys4 ,the mere talker1 however fluent1 is barren of deeds in the day of trial4 ,there are men voluble as women1 and as well skilled in fencing with the tongue3 prodigies of speech1 misers in deeds4 ,too much talking1 like too much thinking1 destroys the power of action4 ,in human nature1 the thought is only made perfect by deed4 ,silence is the mother of both4 ,the trumpeter is not the bravest of the brave4 ,steel and not brass wins the day4 ,the great doer of great deeds is mostly slow and slovenly of speech4 ,there are some men born and bred to betray4 ,patriotism is their trade1 and their capital is speech4 ,but no noble spirit can plead like ,paul and be false to itself as ,judas4 ,imposture too commonly rules in republics2 they seem to be ever in their minority2 their guardians are self-appointed2 and the unjust thrive better than the just4 ,the ,despot1 like the night-lion roaring1 drowns all the clamor of tongues at once1 and speech1 the birthright of the free man1 becomes the bauble of the enslaved4 ,it is quite true that republics only occasionally1 and as it were accidentally1 select their wisest1 or even the less incapable among the incapables1 to govern them and legislate for them4 ,if genius1 armed with learning and knowledge1 will grasp the reins1 the people will reverence it2 if it only modestly offers itself for office1 it will be smitten on the face1 even when1 in the straits of distress and the agonies of calamity1 it is indispensable to the salvation of the ,state4 ,put it upon the track with the showy and superficial1 the conceited1 the ignorant1 and impudent1 the trickster and charlatan1 and the result shall not be a moment doubtful4 ,the verdicts of ,legislatures and the ,people are like the verdicts of juries1--sometimes right by accident4 ,offices1 it is true1 are showered1 like the rains of ,heaven1 upon the just and the unjust4 ,the ,roman ,augurs that used to laugh in each other's faces at the simplicity of the vulgar1 were also tickled with their own guile2 but no ,augur is needed to lead the people astray4 ,they readily deceive themselves4 ,let a ,republic begin as it may1 it will not be out of its minority before imbecility will be promoted to high places2 and shallow pretence1 getting itself puffed into notice1 will invade all the sanctuaries4 ,the most unscrupulous partisanship will prevail1 even in respect to judicial trusts2 and the most unjust appointments constantly be made1 although every improper promotion not merely confers one undeserved favor1 but may make a hundred honest cheeks smart with injustice4 ,the country is stabbed in the front when those are brought into the stalled seats who should slink into the dim gallery4 ,every stamp of ,honor1 ill-clutched1 is stolen from the ,treasury of ,merit4 ,yet the entrance into the public service1 and the promotion in it1 affect both the rights of individuals and those of the nation4 ,injustice in bestowing or withholding office ought to be so intolerable in democratic communities that the least trace of it should be like the scent of ,treason4 ,it is not universally true that all citizens of equal character have an equal claim to knock at the door of every public office and demand admittance4 ,when any man presents himself for service he has a right to aspire to the highest body at once1 if he can show his fitness for such a beginning1--that he is fitter than the rest who offer themselves for the same post4 ,the entry into it can only justly be made through the door of merit4 ,and whenever any one aspires to and attains such high post1 especially if by unfair and disreputable and indecent means1 and is afterward found to be a signal failure1 he should at once be beheaded4 ,he is the worst among the public enemies4 ,when a man sufficiently reveals himself1 all others should be proud to give him due precedence4 ,when the power of promotion is abused in the grand passages of life whether by ,people1 ,legislature1 or ,executive1 the unjust decision recoils on the judge at once4 ,that is not only a gross1 but a willful shortness of sight1 that cannot discover the deserving4 ,if one will look hard1 long1 and honestly1 he will not fail to discern merit1 genius1 and qualification2 and the eyes and voice of the ,press and ,public should condemn and denounce injustice wherever she rears her horrid head4 ,the tools to the workmen6 no other principle will save a ,republic from destruction1 either by civil war or the dry-rot4 ,they tend to decay1 do all we can to prevent it1 like human bodies4 ,if they try the experiment of governing themselves by their smallest1 they slide downward to the unavoidable abyss with tenfold velocity2 and there never has been a ,republic that has not followed that fatal course4 ,but however palpable and gross the inherent defects of democratic governments1 and fatal as the results finally and inevitably are1 we need only glance at the reigns of ,tiberius1 ,nero1 and ,caligula1 of ,heliogabalus and ,caracalla1 of ,domitian and ,commodus1 to recognize that the difference between freedom and despotism is as wide as that between ,heaven and ,hell4 ,the cruelty1 baseness1 and insanity of tyrants are incredible4 ,let him who complains of the fickle humors and inconstancy of a free people1 read ,pliny's character of ,domitian4 ,if the great man in a ,republic cannot win office without descending to low arts and whining beggary and the judicious use of sneaking lies1 let him remain in retirement1 and use the pen4 ,tacitus and ,juvenal held no office4 ,let ,history and ,satire punish the pretender as they crucify the despot4 ,the revenges of the intellect are terrible and just4 ,let ,masonry use the pen and the printing-press in the free ,state against the ,demagogue2 in the ,despotism against the ,tyrant4 ,history offers examples and encouragement4 ,all history1 for four thousand years1 being filled with violated rights and the sufferings of the people1 each period of history brings with it such protest as is possible to it4 ,under the ,csars there was no insurrection1 but there was a ,juvenal4 ,the arousing of indignation replaces the ,gracchi4 ,under the ,csars there is the exile of ,syene2 there is also the author of the ,annals4 ,as the ,nero's reign darkly they should be pictured so4 ,work with the graver only would be pale2 into the grooves should be poured a concentrated prose that bites4 ,despots are an aid to thinkers4 ,speech enchained is speech terrible4 ,the writer doubles and triples his style1 when silence is imposed by a master upon the people4 ,there springs from this silence a certain mysterious fullness1 which filters and freezes into brass in the thoughts4 ,compression in the history produces conciseness in the historian4 ,the granitic solidity of some celebrated prose is only a condensation produced by the ,tyrant4 ,tyranny constrains the writer to shortenings of diameter which are increases of strength4 ,the ,ciceronian period1 hardly sufficient upon ,verres1 would lose its edge upon ,caligula4 ,the ,demagogue is the predecessor of the ,despot4 ,one springs from the other's loins4 ,he who will basely fawn on those who have office to bestow1 will betray like ,iscariot1 and prove a miserable and pitiable failure4 ,let the new ,junius lash such men as they deserve1 and ,history make them immortal in infamy2 since their influences culminate in ruin4 ,the ,republic that employs and honors the shallow1 the superficial1 the base1 who crouch ,unto the offal of an office promised1 at last weeps tears of blood for its fatal error4 ,of such supreme folly1 the sure fruit is damnation4 ,let the nobility of every great heart1 condensed into justice and truth1 strike such creatures like a thunderbolt6 ,if you can do no more1 you can at least condemn by your vote1 and ostracise by denunciation4 ,it is true that1 as the ,czars are absolute1 they have it in their power to select the best for the public service4 ,it is true that the beginner of a dynasty generally does so2 and that when monarchies are in their prime1 pretence and shallowness do not thrive and prosper and get power1 as they do in ,republics4 ,all do not gabble in the ,parliament of a ,kingdom1 as in the ,congress of a ,democracy4 ,the incapables do not go undetected there1 all their lives4 ,but dynasties speedily decay and run out4 ,at last they dwindle down into imbecility2 and the dull or flippant ,members of ,congresses are at least the intellectual peers of the vast majority of kings4 ,the great man1 the ,julius ,caesar1 the ,charlemagne1 ,cromwell1 ,napoleon1 reigns of right4 ,he is the wisest and the strongest4 ,the incapables and imbeciles succeed and are usurpers2 and fear makes them cruel4 ,after ,julius came ,caracalla and ,galba2 after ,charlemagne1 the lunatic ,charles the ,sixth4 ,so the ,saracenic dynasty dwindled out2 the ,capets1 the ,stuarts1 the ,bourbons2 the last of these producing ,bomba1 the ape of ,domitian4 99 99 99 99 99 ,man is by nature cruel1 like the tigers4 ,the barbarian1 and the tool of the tyrant1 and the civilized fanatic1 enjoy the sufferings of others1 as the children enjoy the contortions of maimed flies4 ,absolute ,power1 once in fear for the safety of its tenure1 cannot but be cruel4 ,as to ability1 dynasties invariably cease to possess any after a few lives4 ,they become mere shams1 governed by ministers1 favorites1 or courtesans1 like those old ,etruscan kings1 slumbering for long ages in their golden royal robes1 dissolving forever at the first breath of day4 ,let him who complains of the shortcomings of democracy ask himself if he would prefer a ,du ,barry or a ,pompadour1 governing in the name of a ,louis the ,fifteenth1 a ,caligula making his horse a consul1 a ,domitian1 that most savage monster1 who sometimes drank the blood of relatives1 sometimes employing himself with slaughtering the most distinguished citizens before whose gates fear and terror kept watch2 a tyrant of frightful aspect1 pride on his forehead1 fire in his eye1 constantly seeking darkness and secrecy1 and only emerging from his solitude to make solitude4 ,after all1 in a free government1 the ,laws and the ,constitution are above the ,incapables1 the ,courts correct their legislation1 and posterity is the ,grand ,inquest that passes judgment on them4 ,what is the exclusion of worth and intellect and knowledge from civil office compared with trials before ,jeffries1 tortures in the dark caverns of the ,inquisition1 ,alva-butcheries in the ,netherlands1 the ,eve of ,saint ,bartholomew1 and the ,sicilian ,vespers8 99 99 99 99 99 ,the ,abb ,barruel in his ,memoirs for the ,history of ,jacobinism1 declares that ,masonry in ,france gave1 as its secret1 the words ,equality and ,liberty1 leaving it for every honest and religious ,mason to explain them as would best suit his principles2 but retained the privilege of unveiling in the higher ,degrees the meaning of those words1 as interpreted by the ,french ,revolution4 ,and he also excepts ,english ,masons from his anathemas1 because in ,england a ,mason is a peaceable subject of the civil authorities1 no matter where he resides1 engaging in no plots or conspiracies against even the worst government4 ,england1 he says1 disgusted with an ,equality and a ,liberty1 the consequences of which she had felt in the struggles of her ,lollards1 ,anabaptists1 and ,presbyterians1 had purged her ,masonry from all explanations tending to overturn empires2 but there still remained adepts whom disorganizing principles bound to the ,ancient ,mysteries4 ,because true ,masonry1 unemasculated1 bore the banners of ,freedom and ,equal ,rights1 and was in rebellion against temporal and spiritual tyranny1 its ,lodges were proscribed in #agce1 by an edict of the ,states of ,holland4 ,in #agcg1 ,louis ,,xv4 forbade them in ,france4 ,in #agch1 ,pope ,clement ,,xii4 issued against them his famous ,bull of ,excommunication1 which was renewed by ,benedict ,,xiv42 and in #agdc the ,council of ,berne also proscribed them4 ,the title of the ,bull of ,clement is1 ,the ,condemnation of the ,society of ,conventicles de ,liberi ,muratari1 or of the ,freemasons1 under the penalty of ipso facto excommunication1 the absolution from which is reserved to the ,pope alone1 except at the point of death4 ,and by it all bishops1 ordinaries1 and inquisitors were empowered to punish ,freemasons1 as vehemently suspected of heresy1 and to call in1 if necessary1 the help of the secular arm2 that is1 to cause the civil authority to put them to death4 99 99 99 99 99 ,also1 false and slavish political theories end in brutalizing the ,state4 ,for example1 adopt the theory that offices and employments in it are to be given as rewards for services rendered to party1 and they soon become the prey and spoil of faction1 the booty of the victory of faction2--and leprosy is in the flesh of the ,state4 ,the body of the commonwealth becomes a mass of corruption1 like a living carcass rotten with syphilis4 ,all unsound theories in the end develop themselves in one foul and loathsome disease or other of the body politic4 ,the ,state1 like the man1 must use constant effort to stay in the paths of virtue and manliness4 ,the habit of electioneering and begging for office culminates in bribery with office1 and corruption in office4 ,a chosen man has a visible trust from ,god1 as plainly as if the commission were engrossed by the notary4 ,a nation cannot renounce the executorship of the ,divine decrees4 ,as little can ,masonry4 ,it must labor to do its duty knowingly and wisely4 ,we must remember that1 in free ,states1 as well as in despotisms1 ,injustice1 the spouse of ,oppression1 is the fruitful parent of ,deceit1 ,distrust1 ,hatred1 ,conspiracy1 ,treason1 and ,unfaithfulness4 ,even in assailing ,tyranny we must have ,truth and ,reason as our chief weapons4 ,we must march into that fight like the old ,puritans1 or into the battle with the abuses that spring up in free government1 with the flaming sword in one hand1 and the ,oracles of ,god in the other4 ,the citizen who cannot accomplish well the smaller purposes of public life1 cannot compass the larger4 ,the vast power of endurance1 forbearance1 patience1 and performance1 of a free people1 is acquired only by continual exercise of all the functions1 like the healthful physical human vigor4 ,if the individual citizens have it not1 the ,state must equally be without it4 ,it is of the essence of a free government1 that the people should not only be concerned in making the laws1 but also in their execution4 ,no man ought to be more ready to obey and administer the law than he who has helped to make it4 ,the business of government is carried on for the benefit of all1 and every co-partner should give counsel and co-operation4 ,remember also1 as another shoal on which ,states are wrecked1 that free ,states always tend toward the depositing of the citizens in strata1 the creation of castes1 the perpetuation of the jus divinum to office in families4 ,the more democratic the ,state1 the more sure this result4 ,for1 as free ,states advance in power1 there is a strong tendency toward centralization1 not from deliberate evil intention1 but from the course of events and the indolence of human nature4 ,the executive powers swell and enlarge to inordinate dimensions2 and the ,executive is always aggressive with respect to the nation4 ,offices of all kinds are multiplied to reward partisans2 the brute force of the sewerage and lower strata of the mob obtains large representation1 first in the lower offices1 and at last in ,senates2 and ,bureaucracy raises its bald head1 bristling with pens1 girded with spectacles1 and bunched with ribbon4 ,the art of ,government becomes like a ,craft1 and its guilds tend to become exclusive1 as those of the ,middle ,ages4 ,political science may be much improved as a subject of speculation2 but it should never be divorced from the actual national necessity4 ,the science of governing men must always be practical1 rather than philosophical4 ,there is not the same amount of positive or universal truth here as in the abstract sciences2 what is true in one country may be very false in another2 what is untrue to-day may become true in another generation1 and the truth of to-day be reversed by the judgment of to-morrow4 ,to distinguish the casual from the enduring1 to separate the unsuitable from the suitable1 and to make progress even possible1 are the proper ends of policy4 ,but without actual knowledge and experience1 and communion of labor1 the dreams of the political doctors may be no better than those of the doctors of divinity4 ,the reign of such a caste1 with its mysteries1 its myrmidons1 and its corrupting influence1 may be as fatal as that of the despots4 ,thirty tyrants are thirty times worse than one4 ,moreover1 there is a strong temptation for the governing people to become as much slothful and sluggards as the weakest of absolute kings4 ,only give them the power to get rid1 when caprice prompts them1 of the great and wise men1 and elect the little1 and as to all the rest they will relapse into indolence and indifference4 ,the central power1 creation of the people1 organized and cunning if not enlightened1 is the perpetual tribunal set up by them for the redress of wrong and the rule of justice4 ,it soon supplies itself with all the requisite machinery1 and is ready and apt for all kinds of interference4 ,the people may be a child all its life4 ,the central power may not be able to suggest the best scientific solution of a problem2 but it has the easiest means of carrying an idea into effect4 ,if the purpose to be attained is a large one1 it requires a large comprehension2 it is proper for the action of the central power4 ,if it be a small one1 it may be thwarted by disagreement4 ,the central power must step in as an arbitrator and prevent this4 ,the people may be too averse to change1 too slothful in their own business1 unjust to a minority or a majority4 ,the central power must take the reins when the people drop them4 ,france became centralized in its government more by the apathy and ignorance of its people than by the tyranny of its kings4 ,when the inmost parish-life is given up to the direct guardianship of the ,state1 and the repair of the belfry of a country church requires a written order from the central power1 a people is in its dotage4 ,men are thus nurtured in imbecility1 from the dawn of social life4 ,when the central government feeds part of the people it prepares all to be slaves4 ,when it directs parish and county affairs1 they are slaves already4 ,the next step is to regulate labor and its wages4 ,nevertheless1 whatever follies the free people may commit1 even to the putting of the powers of legislation in the hands of the little competent and less honest1 despair not of the final result4 ,the terrible teacher1 ,,experience1 writing his lessons on hearts desolated with calamity and wrung by agony1 will make them wiser in time4 ,pretence and grimace and sordid beggary for votes will some day cease to avail4 ,have ,,faith1 and struggle on1 against all evil influences and discouragements6 ,,faith is the ,saviour and ,redeemer of nations4 ,when ,christianity had grown weak1 profitless1 and powerless1 the ,arab ,restorer and ,iconoclast came1 like a cleansing hurricane4 ,when the battle of ,damascus was about to be fought1 the ,christian bishop1 at the early dawn1 in his robes1 at the head of his clergy1 with the ,cross once so triumphant raised in the air1 came down to the gates of the city1 and laid open before the army the ,testament of ,christ4 ,the ,christian general1 ,,thomas1 laid his hand on the book1 and said1 ,oh ,god6 ,,if our faith be true1 aid us1 and deliver us not into the hands of its enemies6 ,but ,,khaled1 the ,sword of ,god1 who had marched from victory to victory1 exclaimed to his wearied soldiers1 ,let no man sleep6 ,there will be rest enough in the bowers of ,paradise2 sweet will be the repose never more to be followed by labor4 ,the faith of the ,arab had become stronger than that of the ,christian1 and he conquered4 ,the ,sword is also1 in the ,bible1 an emblem of ,,speech1 or of the utterance of thought4 ,thus1 in that vision or apocalypse of the sublime exile of ,patmos1 a protest in the name of the ideal1 overwhelming the real world1 a tremendous satire uttered in the name of ,religion and ,liberty1 and with its fiery reverberations smiting the throne of the ,csars1 a sharp two-edged sword comes out of the mouth of the ,semblance of the ,son of ,man1 encircled by the seven golden candlesticks1 and holding in his right hand seven stars4 ,the ,lord1 says ,isaiah1 hath made my mouth like a sharp sword4 ,i have slain them1 says ,hosea1 by the words of my mouth4 ,the word of ,god1 says the writer of the apostolic letter to the ,hebrews1 is quick and powerful1 and sharper than any two-edged sword1 piercing even to the dividing asunder of soul and spirit4 ,the sword of the ,spirit1 which is the ,word of ,god1 says ,paul1 writing to the ,christians at ,ephesus4 ,i will fight against them with the sword of my mouth1 it is said in the ,apocalypse1 to the angel of the church at ,pergamos4 99 99 99 99 99 ,the spoken discourse may roll on strongly as the great tidal wave2 but1 like the wave1 it dies at last feebly on the sands4 ,it is heard by few1 remembered by still fewer1 and fades away1 like an echo in the mountains1 leaving no token of power4 ,it is nothing to the living and coming generations of men4 ,it was the written human speech1 that gave power and permanence to human thought4 ,it is this that makes the whole human history but one individual life4 ,to write on the rock is to write on a solid parchment2 but it requires a pilgrimage to see it4 ,there is but one copy1 and ,time wears even that4 ,to write on skins or papyrus was to give1 as it were1 but one tardy edition1 and the rich only could procure it4 ,the ,chinese stereotyped not only the unchanging wisdom of old sages1 but also the passing events4 ,the process tended to suffocate thought1 and to hinder progress2 for there is continual wandering in the wisest minds1 and ,truth writes her last words1 not on clean tablets1 but on the scrawl that ,error has made and often mended4 ,printing made the movable letters prolific4 ,thenceforth the orator spoke almost visibly to listening nations2 and the author wrote1 like the ,pope1 his cumenic decrees1 urbi et orbi1 and ordered them to be posted up in all the market-places2 remaining1 if he chose1 impervious to human sight4 ,the doom of tyrannies was thenceforth sealed4 ,satire and invective became potent as armies4 ,the unseen hands of the ,juniuses could launch the thunderbolts1 and make the ministers tremble4 ,one whisper from this giant fills the earth as easily as ,demosthenes filled the ,agora4 ,it will soon be heard at the antipodes as easily as in the next street4 ,it travels with the lightning under the oceans4 ,it makes the mass one man1 speaks to it in the same common language1 and elicits a sure and single response4 ,speech passes into thought1 and thence promptly into act4 ,a nation becomes truly one1 with one large heart and a single throbbing pulse4 ,men are invisibly present to each other1 as if already spiritual beings2 and the thinker who sits in an ,alpine solitude1 unknown to or forgotten by all the world1 among the silent herds and hills1 may flash his words to all the cities and over all the seas4 ,select the thinkers to be ,legislators2 and avoid the gabblers4 ,wisdom is rarely loquacious4 ,weight and depth of thought are unfavorable to volubility4 ,the shallow and superficial are generally voluble and often pass for eloquent4 ,more words1 less thought1--is the general rule4 ,the man who endeavors to say something worth remembering in every sentence1 becomes fastidious1 and condenses like ,tacitus4 ,the vulgar love a more diffuse stream4 ,the ornamentation that does not cover strength is the gewgaws of babble4 ,neither is dialectic subtlety valuable to public men4 ,the ,christian faith has it1 had it formerly more than now2 a subtlety that might have entangled ,plato1 and which has rivalled in a fruitless fashion the mystic lore of ,jewish ,rabbis and ,indian ,sages4 ,it is not this which converts the heathen4 ,it is a vain task to balance the great thoughts of the earth1 like hollow straws1 on the finger-tips of disputation4 ,it is not this kind of warfare which makes the ,cross triumphant in the hearts of the unbelievers2 but the actual power that lives in the ,faith4 ,so there is a political scholasticism that is merely useless4 ,the dexterities of subtle logic rarely stir the hearts of the people1 or convince them4 ,the true apostle of ,liberty1 ,fraternity and ,equality makes it a matter of life and death4 ,his combats are like those of ,bossuet1--combats to the death4 ,the true apostolic fire is like the lightning3 it flashes conviction into the soul4 ,the true word is verily a two-edged sword4 ,matters of government and political science can be fairly dealt with only by sound reason1 and the logic of common sense3 not the common sense of the ignorant1 but of the wise4 ,the acutest thinkers rarely succeed in becoming leaders of men4 ,a watchword or a catchword is more potent with the people than logic1 especially if this be the least metaphysical4 ,when a political prophet arises1 to stir the dreaming1 stagnant nation1 and hold back its feet from the irretrievable descent1 to heave the land as with an earthquake1 and shake the silly-shallow idols from their seats1 his words will come straight from ,god's own mouth1 and be thundered into the conscience4 ,he will reason1 teach1 warn1 and rule4 ,the real ,sword of the ,spirit is keener than the brightest blade of ,damascus4 ,such men rule a land1 in the strength of justice1 with wisdom and with power4 ,still1 the men of dialectic subtlety often rule well1 because in practice they forget their finely-spun theories1 and use the trenchant logic of common sense4 ,but when the great heart and large intellect are left to the rust in private life1 and small attorneys1 brawlers in politics1 and those who in the cities would be only the clerks of notaries1 or practitioners in the disreputable courts1 are made national ,legislators1 the country is in her dotage1 even if the beard has not yet grown upon her chin4 ,in a free country1 human speech must needs be free2 and the ,state must listen to the maunderings of folly1 and the screechings of its geese1 and the brayings of its asses1 as well as to the golden oracles of its wise and great men4 ,even the despotic old kings allowed their wise fools to say what they liked4 ,the true alchemist will extract the lessons of wisdom from the babblings of folly4 ,he will hear what a man has to say on any given subject1 even if the speaker end only in proving himself prince of fools4 ,even a fool will sometimes hit the mark4 ,there is some truth in all men who are not compelled to suppress their souls and speak other men's thoughts4 ,the finger even of the idiot may point to the great highway4 ,a people1 as well as the sages1 must learn to forget4 ,if it neither learns the new nor forgets the old1 it is fated1 even if it has been royal for thirty generations4 ,to unlearn is to learn2 and also it is sometimes needful to learn again the forgotten4 ,the antics of fools make the current follies more palpable1 as fashions are shown to be absurd by caricatures1 which so lead to their extirpation4 ,the buffoon and the zany are useful in their places4 ,the ingenious artificer and craftsman1 like ,solomon1 searches the earth for his materials1 and transforms the misshapen matter into glorious workmanship4 ,the world is conquered by the head even more than by the hands4 ,nor will any assembly talk forever4 ,after a time1 when it has listened long enough1 it quietly puts the silly1 the shallow1 and the superficial to one side1--it thinks1 and sets to work4 ,the human thought1 especially in popular assemblies1 runs in the most singularly crooked channels1 harder to trace and follow than the blind currents of the ocean4 ,no notion is so absurd that it may not find a place there4 ,the master-workman must train these notions and vagaries with his two-handed hammer4 ,they twist out of the way of the sword-thrusts2 and are invulnerable all over1 even in the heel1 against logic4 ,the martel or mace1 the battle-axe1 the great double-edged two-handed sword must deal with follies2 the rapier is no better against them than a wand1 unless it be the rapier of ridicule4 ,the ,,sword is also the symbol of war and of the soldier4 ,wars1 like thunder-storms1 are often necessary to purify the stagnant atmosphere4 ,war is not a demon1 without remorse or reward4 ,it restores the brotherhood in letters of fire4 ,when men are seated in their pleasant places1 sunken in ease and indolence1 with ,pretence and ,incapacity and ,littleness usurping all the high places of ,state1 war is the baptism of blood and fire1 by which alone they can be renovated4 ,it is the hurricane that brings the elemental equilibrium1 the concord of ,power and ,wisdom4 ,so long as these continue obstinately divorced1 it will continue to chasten4 ,in the mutual appeal of nations to ,god1 there is the acknowledgment of ,his might4 ,it lights the beacons of ,faith and ,freedom1 and heats the furnace through which the earnest and loyal pass to immortal glory4 ,there is in war the doom of defeat1 the quenchless sense of ,duty1 the stirring sense of ,honor1 the measureless solemn sacrifice of devotedness1 and the incense of success4 ,even in the flame and smoke of battle1 the ,mason discovers his brother1 and fulfills the sacred obligations of ,fraternity4 ,two1 or the ,duad1 is the symbol of ,antagonism2 of ,good and ,evil1 ,light and ,darkness4 ,it is ,cain and ,abel1 ,eve and ,lilith1 ,jachin and ,boaz1 ,ormuzd and ,ahriman1 ,osiris and ,typhon4 ,three1 or the ,triad1 is most significantly expressed by the equilateral and the right-angled triangles4 ,there are three principal colors or rays in the rainbow1 which by intermixture make seven4 ,the three are the blue1 the yellow1 and the red4 ,the ,trinity of the ,deity1 in one mode or other1 has been an article in all creeds4 ,he creates1 preserves1 and destroys4 ,he is the generative power1 the productive capacity1 and the result4 ,the immaterial man1 according to the ,kabalah1 is composed of vitality1 or life1 the breath of life2 of soul or mind1 and spirit4 ,salt1 sulphur1 and mercury are the great symbols of the alchemists4 ,to them man was body1 soul1 and spirit4 ,four is expressed by the square1 or four-sided right-angled figure4 ,out of the symbolic ,garden of ,eden flowed a river1 dividing into four streams1--,,pison1 which flows around the land of gold1 or light2 ,,gihon1 which flows around the land of ,ethiopia or ,darkness2 ,,hiddekel1 running eastward to ,assyria2 and the ,,euphrates4 ,zechariah saw four chariots coming out from between two mountains of bronze1 in the first of which were red horses2 in the second1 black2 in the third1 white2 and in the fourth1 grizzled3 and these were the four winds of the heavens1 that go forth from standing before the ,lord of all the earth4 ,ezekiel saw the four living creatures1 each with four faces and four wings1 the faces of a man and a lion1 an ox and an eagle2 and the four wheels going upon their four sides2 and ,saint ,john beheld the four beasts1 full of eyes before and behind1 the ,,lion1 the young ,,ox1 the ,,man1 and the flying ,,eagle4 ,four was the signature of the ,earth4 ,therefore1 in the #adhth ,psalm1 of those who must praise the ,lord on the land1 there are four times four1 and four in particular of living creatures4 ,visible nature is described as the four quarters of the world1 and the four corners of the earth4 ,there are four1 says the old ,jewish saying1 which take the first place in this world3 man1 among the creatures2 the eagle among birds2 the ox among cattle2 and the lion among wild beasts4 ,daniel saw four great beasts come up from the sea4 ,,five is the ,duad added to the ,triad4 ,it is expressed by the five-pointed or blazing star1 the mysterious ,pentalpha of ,pythagoras4 ,it is indissolubly connected with the number seven4 ,christ fed ,his disciples and the multitude with five loaves and two fishes1 and of the fragments there remained twelve1 that is1 five and seven1 baskets full4 ,again ,he fed them with seven loaves and a few little fishes1 and there remained seven baskets full4 ,the five apparently small planets1 ,mercury1 ,venus1 ,mars1 ,jupiter1 and ,saturn1 with the two greater ones1 the ,sun and ,moon1 constituted the seven celestial spheres4 ,,seven was the peculiarly sacred number4 ,there were seven planets and spheres presided over by seven archangels4 ,there were seven colors in the rainbow2 and the ,phoenician ,deity was called the ,,heptakis or ,god of seven rays2 seven days of the week2 and seven and five made the number of months1 tribes1 and apostles4 ,zechariah saw a golden candlestick1 with seven lamps and seven pipes to the lamps1 and an olive-tree on each side4 ,since he says1 the seven eyes of the ,lord shall rejoice1 and shall see the plummet in the hand of ,zerubbabel4 ,john1 in the ,apocalypse1 writes seven epistles to the seven churches4 ,in the seven epistles there are twelve promises4 ,what is said of the churches in praise or blame1 is completed in the number three4 ,the refrain1 who has ears to hear1 etc41 has ten words1 divided by three and seven1 and the seven by three and four2 and the seven epistles are also so divided4 ,in the seals1 trumpets1 and vials1 also1 of this symbolic vision1 the seven are divided by four and three4 ,he who sends his message to ,ephesus1 holds the seven stars in his right hand1 and walks amid the seven golden lamps4 ,in six days1 or periods1 ,god created the ,universe1 and paused on the seventh day4 ,of clean beasts1 ,noah was directed to take by sevens into the ark2 and of fowls by sevens2 because in seven days the rain was to commence4 ,on the seventeenth day of the month1 the rain began2 on the seventeenth day of the seventh month1 that ark rested on ,ararat4 ,when the dove returned1 ,noah waited seven days before he sent her forth again2 and again seven1 after she returned with the olive-leaf4 ,enoch was the seventh patriarch1 ,adam included1 and ,lamech lived #ggg years4 ,there were seven lamps in the great candlestick of the ,tabernacle and ,temple1 representing the seven planets4 ,seven times ,moses sprinkled the anointing oil upon the altar4 ,the days of consecration of ,aaron and his sons were seven in number4 ,a woman was unclean seven days after child-birth2 one infected with leprosy was shut up seven days2 seven times the leper was sprinkled with the blood of a slain bird2 and seven days afterwards he must remain abroad out of his tent4 ,seven times1 in purifying the leper1 the priest was to sprinkle the consecrated oil2 and seven times to sprinkle with the blood of the sacrificed bird the house to be purified4 ,seven times the blood of the slain bullock was sprinkled on the mercy-seat2 and seven times on the altar4 ,the seventh year was a ,sabbath of rest2 and at the end of seven times seven years came the great year of jubilee4 ,seven days the people ate unleavened bread1 in the month of ,abib4 ,seven weeks were counted from the time of first putting the sickle to the wheat4 ,the ,feast of the ,tabernacles lasted seven days4 ,israel was in the hand of ,midian seven years before ,gideon delivered them4 ,the bullock sacrificed by him was seven years old4 ,samson told ,delilah to bind him with seven green withes2 and she wove the seven locks of his head1 and afterwards shaved them off4 ,balaam told ,barak to build for him seven altars4 ,jacob served seven years for ,leah and seven for ,rachel4 ,job had seven sons and three daughters1 making the perfect number ten4 ,he had also seven thousand sheep and three thousand camels4 ,his friends sat down with him seven days and seven nights4 ,his friends were ordered to sacrifice seven bullocks and seven rams2 and again1 at the end1 he had seven sons and three daughters1 and twice seven thousand sheep1 and lived an hundred and forty1 or twice seven times ten years4 ,pharaoh saw in his dream seven fat and seven lean kine1 seven good ears and seven blasted ears of wheat2 and there were seven years of plenty1 and seven of famine4 ,jericho fell1 when seven priests1 with seven trumpets1 made the circuit of the city on seven successive days2 once each day for six days1 and seven times on the seventh4 ,the seven eyes of the ,lord1 says ,zechariah1 run to and fro through the whole earth4 ,solomon was seven years in building the ,temple4 ,seven angels1 in the ,apocalypse1 pour out seven plagues1 from seven vials of wrath4 ,the scarlet-colored beast1 on which the woman sits in the wilderness1 has seven heads and ten horns4 ,so also has the beast that rises up out of the sea4 ,seven thunders uttered their voices4 ,seven angels sounded seven trumpets4 ,seven lamps1 of fire1 the seven spirits of ,god1 burned before the throne2 and the ,lamb that was slain had seven horns and seven eyes4 ,,eight is the first cube1 that of two4 ,,nine is the square of three1 and represented by the triple triangle4 ,,ten includes all the other numbers4 ,it is especially seven and three2 and is called the number of perfection4 ,pythagoras represented it by the ,,tetractys1 which had many mystic meanings4 ,this symbol is sometimes composed of dots or points1 sometimes of commas or yds1 and in the ,kabalah1 of the letters of the name of ,deity4 ,it is thus arranged3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ,the ,patriarchs from ,adam to ,noah1 inclusive1 are ten in number1 and the same number is that of the ,commandments4 ,,twelve is the number of the lines of equal length that form a cube4 ,it is the number of the months1 the tribes1 and the apostles2 of the oxen under the ,brazen ,sea1 of the stones on the breast-plate of the high priest4 ,,iii4 ,,the ,,master4 ,to understand literally the symbols and allegories of ,oriental books as to ante-historical matters1 is willfully to close our eyes against the ,light4 ,to translate the symbols into the trivial and commonplace1 is the blundering of mediocrity4 ,all religious expression is symbolism2 since we can describe only what we see1 and the true objects of religion are ,,the ,,seen4 ,the earliest instruments of education were symbols2 and they and all other religious forms differed and still differ according to external circumstances and imagery1 and according to differences of knowledge and mental cultivation4 ,all language is symbolic1 so far as it is applied to mental and spiritual phenomena and action4 ,all words have1 primarily1 a material sense1 however they may afterward get1 for the ignorant1 a spiritual non-sense4 ,to retract1 for example1 is to draw back1 and when applied to a statement1 is symbolic1 as much so as a picture of an arm drawn back1 to express the same thing1 would be4 ,the very word spirit means breath1 from the ,latin verb 1 breathe4 ,to present a visible symbol to the eye of another is not necessarily to inform him of the meaning which that symbol has to you4 ,hence the philosopher soon superadded to the symbols explanations addressed to the ear1 susceptible of more precision1 but less effective and impressive than the painted or sculptured forms which he endeavored to explain4 ,out of these explanations grew by degrees a variety of narrations1 whose true object and meaning were gradually forgotten1 or lost in contradictions and incongruities4 ,and when these were abandoned1 and ,philosophy resorted to definitions and formulas1 its language was but a more complicated symbolism1 attempting in the dark to grapple with and picture ideas impossible to be expressed4 ,for as with the visible symbol1 so with the word3 to utter it to you does not inform you of the exact meaning which it has to me2 and thus religion and philosophy became to a great extent disputes as to the meaning of words4 ,the most abstract expression for ,,deity1 which language can supply1 is but a sign or symbol for an object beyond our comprehension1 and not more truthful and adequate than the images of ,,osiris and ,,vishnu1 or their names1 except as being less sensuous and explicit4 ,we avoid sensuousness only by resorting to simple negation4 ,we come at last to define spirit by saying that it is not matter4 ,spirit is--spirit4 ,a single example of the symbolism of words will indicate to you one branch of ,masonic study4 ,we find in the ,english ,rite this phrase3 ,i will always hail1 ever conceal1 and never reveal2 and in the ,catechism1 these3 ,q4'4 ,i hail4 ,a4'4 ,i conceal2 and ignorance1 misunderstanding the word hail1 has interpolated the phrase1 ,from whence do you hail8 ,but the word is really hele1 from the ,anglo-,saxon verb elan1 helan1 to cover1 hide1 or conceal4 ,and this word is rendered by the ,latin verb tegere1 to cover or roof over4 ,that ye fro me no thynge woll hele1 says ,gower4 ,they hele fro me no priuyte1 says the ,romaunt of the ,rose4 ,to heal a house1 is a common phrase in ,sussex2 and in the west of ,england1 he that covers a house with slates is called a ,healer4 ,wherefore1 to heal means the same thing as to tile1--itself symbolic1 as meaning1 primarily1 to cover a house with tiles1--and means to cover1 hide1 or conceal4 ,thus language too is symbolism1 and words are as much misunderstood and misused as more material symbols are4 ,symbolism tended continually to become more complicated2 and all the powers of ,heaven were reproduced on earth1 until a web of fiction and allegory was woven1 partly by art and partly by the ignorance of error1 which the wit of man1 with his limited means of explanation1 will never unravel4 ,even the ,hebrew ,theism became involved in symbolism and image-worship1 borrowed probably from an older creed and remote regions of ,asia1--the worship of the ,great ,semitic ,nature-,god ,,al or ,,els and its symbolical representations of ,,jehovah ,himself were not even confined to poetical or illustrative language4 ,the priests were monotheists3 the people idolaters4 ,there are dangers inseparable from symbolism1 which afford an impressive lesson in regard to the similar risks attendant on the use of language4 ,the imagination1 called in to assist the reason1 usurps its place or leaves its ally helplessly entangled in its web4 ,names which stand for things are confounded with them2 the means are mistaken for the end2 the instrument of interpretation for the object2 and thus symbols come to usurp an independent character as truths and persons4 ,though perhaps a necessary path1 they were a dangerous one by which to approach the ,deity2 in which many1 says ,,plutarch1 mistaking the sign for the thing signified1 fell into a ridiculous superstition2 while others1 in avoiding one extreme1 plunged into the no less hideous gulf of irreligion and impiety4 ,it is through the ,mysteries1 ,,cicero says1 that we have learned the first principles of life2 wherefore the term initiation is used with good reason2 and they not only teach us to live more happily and agreeably1 but they soften the pains of death by the hope of a better life hereafter4 ,the ,mysteries were a ,sacred ,drama1 exhibiting some legend significant of nature's changes1 of the visible ,universe in which the ,divinity is revealed1 and whose import was in many respects as open to the ,pagan as to the ,christian4 ,nature is the great ,teacher of man2 for it is the ,revelation of ,god4 ,it neither dogmatizes nor attempts to tyrannize by compelling to a particular creed or special interpretation4 ,it presents its symbols to us1 and adds nothing by way of explanation4 ,it is the text without the commentary2 and1 as we well know1 it is chiefly the commentary and gloss that lead to error and heresy and persecution4 ,the earliest instructors of mankind not only adopted the lessons of ,nature1 but as far as possible adhered to her method of imparting them4 ,in the ,mysteries1 beyond the current traditions or sacred and enigmatic recitals of the ,temples1 few explanations were given to the spectators1 who were left1 as in the school of nature1 to make inferences for themselves4 ,no other method could have suited every degree of cultivation and capacity4 ,to employ nature's universal symbolism instead of the technicalities of language1 rewards the humblest inquirer1 and discloses its secrets to every one in proportion to his preparatory training and his power to comprehend them4 ,if their philosophical meaning was above the comprehension of some1 their moral and political meanings are within the reach of all4 ,these mystic shows and performances were not the reading of a lecture1 but the opening of a problem4 ,requiring research1 they were calculated to arouse the dormant intellect4 ,they implied no hostility to ,philosophy1 because ,philosophy is the great expounder of symbolism2 although its ancient interpretations were often ill-founded and incorrect4 ,the alteration from symbol to dogma is fatal to beauty of expression1 and leads to intolerance and assumed infallibility4 99 99 99 99 99 ,if1 in teaching the great doctrine of the divine nature of the ,soul1 and in striving to explain its longings after immortality1 and in proving its superiority over the souls of the animals1 which have no aspirations ,heavenward1 the ancients struggled in vain to express the nature of the soul1 by comparing it to ,,fire and ,,light1 it will be well for us to consider whether1 with all our boasted knowledge1 we have any better or clearer idea of its nature1 and whether we have not despairingly taken refuge in having none at all4 ,and if they erred as to its original place of abode1 and understood literally the mode and path of its descent1 these were but the accessories of the great ,truth1 and probably1 to the ,initiates1 mere allegories1 designed to make the idea more palpable and impressive to the mind4 ,they are at least no more fit to be smiled at by the self-conceit of a vain ignorance1 the wealth of whose knowledge consists solely in words1 than the bosom of ,abraham1 as a home for the spirits of the just dead2 the gulf of actual fire1 for the eternal torture of spirits2 and the ,city of the ,new ,jerusalem1 with its walls of jasper and its edifices of pure gold like clear glass1 its foundations of precious stones1 and its gates each of a single pearl4 ,i knew a man1 says ,,paul1 caught up to the third ,heaven2 444 that he was caught up into ,paradise1 and heard ineffable words1 which it is not possible for a man to utter4 ,and nowhere is the antagonism and conflict between the spirit and body more frequently and forcibly insisted on than in the writings of this apostle1 nowhere the ,divine nature of the soul more strongly asserted4 ,with the mind1 he says1 ,i serve the law of ,god2 but with the flesh the law of sin4444 ,as many as are led by the ,spirit of ,god1 are the sons of ,,god4444 ,the earnest expectation of the created waits for the manifestation of the sons of ,god4444 ,the created shall be delivered from the bondage of corruption1 of the flesh liable to decay1 into the glorious liberty of the children of ,god4 99 99 99 99 99 ,two forms of government are favorable to the prevalence of falsehood and deceit4 ,under a ,despotism1 men are false1 treacherous1 and deceitful through fear1 like slaves dreading the lash4 ,under a ,democracy they are so as a means of attaining popularity and office1 and because of the greed for wealth4 ,experience will probably prove that these odious and detestable vices will grow most rankly and spread most rapidly in a ,republic4 ,when office and wealth become the gods of a people1 and the most unworthy and unfit most aspire to the former1 and fraud becomes the highway to the latter1 the land will reek with falsehood and sweat lies and chicane4 ,when the offices are open to all1 merit and stern integrity and the dignity of unsullied honor will attain them only rarely and by accident4 ,to be able to serve the country well1 will cease to be a reason why the great and wise and learned should be selected to render service4 ,other qualifications1 less honorable1 will be more available4 ,to adapt one's opinions to the popular humor2 to defend1 apologize for1 and justify the popular follies2 to advocate the expedient and the plausible2 to caress1 cajole1 and flatter the elector2 to beg like a spaniel for his vote1 even if he be a negro three removes from barbarism2 to profess friendship for a competitor and stab him by innuendo2 to set on foot that which at third hand shall become a lie1 being cousin-german to it when uttered1 and yet capable of being explained away1--who is there that has not seen these low arts and base appliances put into practice1 and becoming general1 until success cannot be surely had by any more honorable means8--the result being a ,state ruled and ruined by ignorant and shallow mediocrity1 pert self-conceit1 the greenness of unripe intellect1 vain of a school-boy's smattering of knowledge4 ,the faithless and the false in public and in political life1 will be faithless and false in private4 ,the jockey in politics1 like the jockey on the race-course1 is rotten from skin to core4 ,everywhere he will see first to his own interests1 and whoso leans on him will be pierced with a broken reed4 ,his ambition is ignoble1 like himself2 and therefore he will seek to attain office by ignoble means1 as he will seek to attain any other coveted object1--land1 money1 or reputation4 ,at length1 office and honor are divorced4 ,the place that the small and shallow1 the knave or the trickster1 is deemed competent and fit to fill1 ceases to be worthy the ambition of the great and capable2 or if not1 these shrink from a contest1 the weapons to be used wherein are unfit for a gentleman to handle4 ,then the habits of unprincipled advocates in law courts are naturalized in ,senates1 and pettifoggers wrangle there1 when the fate of the nation and the lives of millions are at stake4 ,states are even begotten by villainy and brought forth by fraud1 and rascalities are justified by legislators claiming to be honorable4 ,then contested elections are decided by perjured votes or party considerations2 and all the practices of the worst times of corruption are revived and exaggerated in ,republics4 ,it is strange that reverence for truth1 that manliness and genuine loyalty1 and scorn of littleness and unfair advantage1 and genuine faith and godliness and large-heartedness should diminish1 among statesmen and people1 as civilization advances1 and freedom becomes more general1 and universal suffrage implies universal worth and fitness6 ,in the age of ,elizabeth1 without universal suffrage1 or ,societies for the ,diffusion of ,useful ,knowledge1 or popular lecturers1 or ,lyca1 the statesman1 the merchant1 the burgher1 the sailor1 were all alike heroic1 fearing ,god only1 and man not at all4 ,let but a hundred or two years elapse1 and in a ,monarchy or ,republic of the same race1 nothing is less heroic than the merchant1 the shrewd speculator1 the office-seeker1 fearing man only1 and ,god not at all4 ,reverence for greatness dies out1 and is succeeded by base envy of greatness4 ,every man is in the way of many1 either in the path to popularity or wealth4 ,there is a general feeling of satisfaction when a great statesman is displaced1 or a general1 who has been for his brief hour the popular idol1 is unfortunate and sinks from his high estate4 ,it becomes a misfortune1 if not a crime1 to be above the popular level4 ,we should naturally suppose that a nation in distress would take counsel with the wisest of its sons4 ,but1 on the contrary1 great men seem never so scarce as when they are most needed1 and small men never so bold to insist on infesting place1 as when mediocrity and incapable pretence and sophomoric greenness1 and showy and sprightly incompetency are most dangerous4 ,when ,france was in the extremity of revolutionary agony1 she was governed by an assembly of provincial pettifoggers1 and ,robespierre1 ,marat1 and ,couthon ruled in the place of ,mirabeau1 ,vergniaud1 and ,carnot4 ,england was governed by the ,rump ,parliament1 after she had beheaded her king4 ,cromwell extinguished one body1 and ,napoleon the other4 ,fraud1 falsehood1 trickery1 and deceit in national affairs are the signs of decadence in ,states and precede convulsions or paralysis4 ,to bully the weak and crouch to the strong1 is the policy of nations governed by small mediocrity4 ,the tricks of the canvass for office are re-enacted in ,senates4 ,the ,executive becomes the dispenser of patronage1 chiefly to the most unworthy2 and men are bribed with offices instead of money1 to the greater ruin of the ,commonwealth4 ,the ,divine in human nature disappears1 and interest1 greed1 and selfishness takes it place4 ,that is a sad and true allegory which represents the companions of ,ulysses changed by the enchantments of ,circe into swine4 99 99 99 99 99 ,ye cannot1 said the ,great ,teacher1 serve ,god and ,mammon4 ,when the thirst for wealth becomes general1 it will be sought for as well dishonestly as honestly2 by frauds and overreachings1 by the knaveries of trade1 the heartlessness of greedy speculation1 by gambling in stocks and commodities that soon demoralizes a whole community4 ,men will speculate upon the needs of their neighbors and the distresses of their country4 ,bubbles that1 bursting1 impoverish multitudes1 will be blown up by cunning knavery1 with stupid credulity as its assistants and instrument4 ,huge bankruptcies1 that startle a country like the earthquakes1 and are more fatal1 fraudulent assignments1 engulfment of the savings of the poor1 expansions and collapses of the currency1 the crash of banks1 the depreciation of ,government securities1 prey on the savings of self-denial1 and trouble with their depredations the first nourishment of infancy and the last sands of life1 and fill with inmates the churchyards and lunatic asylums4 ,but the sharper and speculator thrives and fattens4 ,if his country is fighting by a levy en masse for her very existence1 he aids her by depreciating her paper1 so that he may accumulate fabulous amounts with little outlay4 ,if his neighbor is distressed1 he buys his property for a song4 ,if he administers upon an estate1 it turns out insolvent1 and the orphans are paupers4 ,if his bank explodes1 he is found to have taken care of himself in time4 ,society worships its paper-and-credit kings1 as the old ,hindus and ,egyptians worshipped their worthless idols1 and often the most obsequiously when in actual solid wealth they are the veriest paupers4 ,no wonder men think there ought to be another world1 in which the injustices of this may be atoned for1 when they see the friends of ruined families begging the wealthy sharpers to give alms to prevent the orphaned victims from starving1 until they may find ways of supporting themselves4 99 99 99 99 99 ,states are chiefly avaricious of commerce and of territory4 ,the latter leads to the violation of treaties1 encroachments upon feeble neighbors1 and rapacity toward their wards whose lands are coveted4 ,republics are1 in this1 as rapacious and unprincipled as ,despots1 never learning from history that inordinate expansion by rapine and fraud has its inevitable consequences in dismemberment or subjugation4 ,when a ,republic begins to plunder its neighbors1 the words of doom are already written on its walls4 ,there is a judgment already pronounced of ,god upon whatever is unrighteous in the conduct of national affairs4 ,when civil war tears the vitals of a ,republic1 let it look back and see if it has not been guilty of injustices2 and if it has1 let it humble itself in the dust6 ,when a nation becomes possessed with a spirit of commercial greed1 beyond those just and fair limits set by a due regard to a moderate and reasonable degree of general and individual prosperity1 it is a nation possessed by the devil of commercial avarice1 a passion as ignoble and demoralizing as avarice in the individual2 and as this sordid passion is baser and more unscrupulous than ambition1 so it is more hateful1 and at last makes the infected nation to be regarded as the enemy of the human race4 ,to grasp at the lion's share of commerce1 has always at last proven the ruin of ,states1 because it invariably leads to injustices that make a ,state detestable2 to a selfishness and crooked policy that forbid other nations to be the friends of a ,state that cares only for itself4 ,commercial avarice in ,india was the parent of more atrocities and greater rapacity1 and cost more human lives1 than the nobler ambition for extended empire of ,consular ,rome4 ,the nation that grasps at the commerce of the world cannot but become selfish1 calculating1 dead to the noblest impulses and sympathies which ought to actuate ,states4 ,it will submit to insults that wound its honor1 rather than endanger its commercial interests by war2 while1 to subserve those interests1 it will wage unjust war1 on false or frivolous pretexts1 its free people cheerfully allying themselves with despots to crush a commercial rival that has ared to exile its kings and elect its own ruler4 ,thus the cold calculations of a sordid self-interest1 in nations commercially avaricious1 always at last displace the sentiments and lofty impulses of ,honor and ,generosity by which they rose to greatness2 which made ,elizabeth and ,cromwell alike the protectors of ,protestants beyond the four seas of ,england1 against crowned ,tyranny and mitred ,persecution2 and1 if they had lasted1 would have forbidden alliances with ,czars and ,autocrats and ,bourbons to re-enthrone the ,tyrannies of ,incapacity1 and arm the ,inquisition anew with its instruments of torture4 ,the soul of the avaricious nation petrifies1 like the soul of the individual who makes gold his god4 ,the ,despot will occasionally act upon noble and generous impulses1 and help the weak against the strong1 the right against the wrong4 ,but commercial avarice is essentially egotistic1 grasping1 faithless1 overreaching1 crafty1 cold1 ungenerous1 selfish1 and calculating1 controlled by considerations of self-interest alone4 ,heartless and merciless1 it has no sentiments of pity1 sympathy1 or honor1 to make it pause in its remorseless career2 and it crushes down all that is of impediment in its way1 as its keels of commerce crush under them the murmuring and unheeded waves4 ,a war for a great principle ennobles a nation4 ,a war for commercial supremacy1 upon some shallow pretext1 is despicable1 and more than aught else demonstrates to what immeasurable depths of baseness men and nations can descend4 ,commercial greed values the lives of men no more than it values the lives of ants4 ,the slave-trade is as acceptable to a people enthralled by that greed1 as the trade in ivory or spices1 if the profits are as large4 ,it will by-and-by endeavor to compound with ,god and quiet its own conscience1 by compelling those to whom it sold the slaves it bought or stole1 to set them free1 and slaughtering them by hecatombs if they refuse to obey the edicts of its philanthropy4 ,justice in no wise consists in meting out to another that exact measure of reward or punishment which we think and decree his merit1 or what we call his crime1 which is more often merely his error1 deserves4 ,the justice of the father is not incompatible with forgiveness by him of the errors and offences of his child4 ,the ,infinite ,justice of ,god does not consist in meting out exact measures of punishment for human frailties and sins4 ,we are too apt to erect our own little and narrow notions of what is right and just into the law of justice1 and to insist that ,god shall adopt that as ,his law2 to measure off something with our own little tape-line1 and call it ,god's love of justice4 ,continually we seek to ennoble our own ignoble love of revenge and retaliation1 by misnaming it justice4 ,nor does justice consist in strictly governing our conduct toward other men by the rigid rules of legal right4 ,if there were a community anywhere1 in which all stood upon the strictness of this rule there should be written over its gates1 as a warning to the unfortunates desiring admission to that inhospitable realm1 the words which ,,dante says are written over the great gate of ,hell3 ,,let ,,those ,,who ,,enter ,,here ,,leave ,,hope ,,behind6 ,it is not just to pay the laborer in field or factory or workshop his current wages and no more1 the lowest market-value of his labor1 for so long only as we need that labor and he is able to work2 for when sickness or old age overtakes him1 that is to leave him and his family to starve2 and ,god will curse with calamity the people in which the children of the laborer out of work eat the boiled grass of the field1 and mothers strangle their children1 that they may buy food for themselves with the charitable pittance given for burial expenses4 ,the rules of what is ordinarily termed ,justice1 may be punctiliously observed among the fallen spirits that are the aristocracy of ,hell4 99 99 99 99 99 ,justice1 divorced from sympathy1 is selfish indifference1 not in the least more laudable than misanthropic isolation4 ,there is sympathy even among the hair-like oscillatorias1 a tribe of simple plants1 armies of which may be discovered1 with the aid of the microscope1 in the tiniest bit of scum from a stagnant pool4 ,for these will place themselves1 as if it were by agreement1 in separate companies1 on the side of a vessel containing them1 and seem marching upward in rows2 and when a swarm grows weary of its situation1 and has a mind to change its quarters1 each army holds on its way without confusion or intermixture1 proceeding with great regularity and order1 as if under the directions of wise leaders4 ,the ants and bees give each other mutual assistance1 beyond what is required by that which human creatures are apt to regard as the strict law of justice4 ,surely we need but reflect a little1 to be convinced that the individual man is but a fraction of the unit of society1 and that he is indissolubly connected with the rest of his race4 ,not only the actions1 but the will and thoughts of other men make or mar his fortunes1 control his destinies1 are unto him life or death1 dishonor or honor4 ,the epidemics1 physical and moral1 contagious and infectious1 public opinion1 popular delusions1 enthusiasms1 and the other great electric phenomena and currents1 moral and intellectual1 prove the universal sympathy4 ,the vote of a single and obscure man1 the utterance of self-will1 ignorance1 conceit1 or spite1 deciding an election and placing ,folly or ,incapacity or ,baseness in a ,senate1 involves the country in war1 sweeps away our fortunes1 slaughters our sons1 renders the labors of a life unavailing1 and pushes on1 helpless1 with all our intellect to resist1 into the grave4 ,these considerations ought to teach us that justice to others and to ourselves is the same2 that we cannot define our duties by mathematical lines ruled by the square1 but must fill with them the great circle traced by the compasses2 that the circle of humanity is the limit1 and we are but the point in its centre1 the drops in the great ,atlantic1 the atom or particle1 bound by a mysterious law of attraction which we term sympathy to every other atom in the mass2 that the physical and moral welfare of others cannot be indifferent to us2 that we have a direct and immediate interest in the public morality and popular intelligence1 in the well-being and physical comfort of the people at large4 ,the ignorance of the people1 their pauperism and destitution1 and consequent degradation1 their brutalization and demoralization1 are all diseases2 and we cannot rise high enough above the people1 nor shut ourselves up from them enough1 to escape the miasmatic contagion and the great magnetic currents4 ,justice is peculiarly indispensable to nations4 ,the unjust ,state is doomed of ,god to calamity and ruin4 ,this is the teaching of the ,eternal ,wisdom and of history4 ,righteousness exalteth a nation2 but wrong is a reproach to nations4 ,the ,throne is established by ,righteousness4 ,let the lips of the ,ruler pronounce the sentence that is ,divine2 and his mouth do no wrong in judgment6 ,the nation that adds province to province by fraud and violence1 that encroaches on the weak and plunders its wards1 and violates its treaties and the obligation of its contracts1 and for the law of honor and fair-dealing substitutes the exigencies of greed and the base precepts of policy and craft and the ignoble tenets of expediency1 is predestined to destruction2 for here1 as with the individual1 the consequences of wrong are inevitable and eternal4 ,a sentence is written against all that is unjust1 written by ,god in the nature of man and in the nature of the ,universe1 because it is in the nature of the ,infinite ,god4 ,no wrong is really successful4 ,the gain of injustice is a loss2 its pleasure1 suffering4 ,iniquity often seems to prosper1 but its success is its defeat and shame4 ,if its consequences pass by the doer1 they fall upon and crush his children4 ,it is a philosophical1 physical1 and moral truth1 in the form of a threat1 that ,god visits the iniquity of the fathers upon the children1 to the third and fourth generation of those who violate ,his laws4 ,after a long while1 the day of reckoning always comes1 to nation as to individual2 and always the knave deceives himself1 and proves a failure4 ,hypocrisy is the homage that vice and wrong pay to virtue and justice4 ,it is ,satan attempting to clothe himself in the angelic vesture of light4 ,it is equally detestable in morals1 politics1 and religion2 in the man and in the nation4 ,to do injustice under the pretence of equity and fairness2 to reprove vice in public and commit it in private2 to pretend to charitable opinion and censoriously condemn2 to profess the principles of ,masonic beneficence1 and close the ear to the wail of distress and the cry of suffering2 to eulogize the intelligence of the people1 and plot to deceive and betray them by means of their ignorance and simplicity2 to prate of purity1 and peculate2 of honor1 and basely abandon a sinking cause2 of disinterestedness1 and sell one's vote for place and power1 are hypocrisies as common as they are infamous and disgraceful4 ,to steal the livery of the ,court of ,god to serve the ,devil withal2 to pretend to believe in a ,god of mercy and a ,redeemer of love1 and persecute those of a different faith2 to devour widows houses1 and for a pretence make long prayers2 to preach continence1 and wallow in lust2 to inculcate humility1 and in pride surpass ,lucifer2 to pay tithe1 and omit the weightier matters of the law1 judgment1 mercy and faith2 to strain at a gnat1 and swallow a camel2 to make clean the outside of the cup and platter1 keeping them full within of extortion and excess2 to appear outwardly righteous unto men1 but within be full of hypocrisy and iniquity1 is indeed to be like unto whited sepulchres1 which appear beautiful outward1 but are within full of bones of the dead and of all uncleanness4 ,the ,republic cloaks its ambition with the pretence of a desire and duty to extend the area of freedom1 and claims it as its manifest destiny to annex other ,republics or the ,states or ,provinces of others to itself1 by open violence1 or under obsolete1 empty1 and fraudulent titles4 ,the ,empire founded by a successful soldier1 claims its ancient or natural boundaries1 and makes necessity and its safety the plea for open robbery4 ,the great ,merchant ,nation1 gaining foothold in the ,orient1 finds a continual necessity for extending its dominion by arms1 and subjugates ,india4 ,the great ,royalties and ,despotisms1 without a plea1 partition among themselves a ,kingdom1 dismember ,poland1 and prepare to wrangle over the dominions of the ,crescent4 ,to maintain the balance of power is a plea for the obliteration of ,states4 ,carthage1 ,genoa1 and ,venice1 commercial ,cities only1 must acquire territory by force or fraud1 and become ,states4 ,alexander marches to the ,indus2 ,tamerlane seeks universal empire2 the ,saracens conquer ,spain and threaten ,vienna4 ,the thirst for power is never satisfied4 ,it is insatiable4 ,neither men nor nations ever have power enough4 ,when ,rome was the mistress of the world1 the ,emperors caused themselves to be worshipped as gods4 ,the ,church of ,rome claimed despotism over the soul1 and over the whole life from the cradle to the grave4 ,it gave and sold absolutions for past and future sins4 ,it claimed to be infallible in matters of faith4 ,it decimated ,europe to purge it of heretics4 ,it decimated ,america to convert the ,mexicans and ,peruvians4 ,it gave and took away thrones2 and by excommunication and interdict closed the gates of ,paradise against ,nations4 ,spain1 haughty with its dominion over the ,indies1 endeavored to crush out ,protestantism in the ,netherlands1 while ,philip the ,second married the ,queen of ,england1 and the pair sought to win that kingdom back to its allegiance to the ,papal throne4 ,afterward ,spain attempted to conquer it with her invincible ,armada4 ,napoleon set his relatives and captains on thrones1 and parcelled among them half of ,europe4 ,the ,czar rules over an empire more gigantic than ,rome4 ,the history of all is or will be the same1--acquisition1 dismemberment1 ruin4 ,there is a judgment of ,god against all that is unjust4 ,to seek to subjugate the will of others and take the soul captive1 because it is the exercise of the highest power1 seems to be the highest object of human ambition4 ,it is at the bottom of all proselyting and propagandism1 from that of ,mesmer to that of the ,church of ,rome and the ,french ,republic4 ,that was the apostolate alike of ,joshua and of ,mahomet4 ,masonry alone preaches ,toleration1 the right of man to abide by his own faith1 the right of all ,states to govern themselves4 ,it rebukes alike the monarch who seeks to extend his dominions by conquest1 the ,church that claims the right to repress heresy by fire and steel1 and the confederation of ,states that insist on maintaining a union by force and restoring brotherhood by slaughter and subjugation4 ,it is natural1 when we are wronged1 to desire revenge2 and to persuade ourselves that we desire it less for our own satisfaction than to prevent a repetition of the wrong1 to which the doer would be encouraged by immunity coupled with the profit of the wrong4 ,to submit to be cheated is to encourage the cheater to continue2 and we are quite apt to regard ourselves as ,god's chosen instruments to inflict ,his vengeance1 and for ,him and in ,his stead to discourage wrong by making it fruitless and its punishment sure4 ,revenge has been said to be a kind of wild justice2 but it is always taken in anger1 and therefore is unworthy of a great soul1 which ought not to suffer its equanimity to be disturbed by ingratitude or villainy4 ,the injuries done us by the base are as much unworthy of our angry notice as those done us by the insects and the beasts2 and when we crush the adder1 or slay the wolf or hyena1 we should do it without being moved to anger1 and with no more feeling of revenge than we have in rooting up a noxious weed4 ,and if it be not in human nature not to take revenge by way of punishment1 let the ,mason truly consider that in doing so he is ,god's agent1 and so let his revenge be measured by justice and tempered by mercy4 ,the law of ,god is1 that the consequences of wrong and cruelty and crime shall be their punishment2 and the injured and the wronged and the indignant are as much ,his instruments to enforce that law1 as the diseases and public detestation1 and the verdict of history and the execration of posterity are4 ,no one will say that the ,inquisitor who has racked and burned the innocent2 the ,spaniard who hewed ,indian infants1 living1 into pieces with his sword1 and fed the mangled limbs to his bloodhounds2 the military tyrant who has shot men without trial1 the knave who has robbed or betrayed his ,state1 the fraudulent banker or bankrupt who has beggared orphans1 the public officer who has violated his oath1 the judge who has sold injustice1 the legislator who has enabled ,incapacity to work the ruin of the ,state1 ought not to be punished4 ,let them be so2 and let the injured or the sympathizing be the instruments of ,god's just vengeance2 but always out of a higher feeling than mere personal revenge4 ,remember that every moral characteristic of man finds its prototype among creatures of lower intelligence2 that the cruel foulness of the hyena1 the savage rapacity of the wolf1 the merciless rage of the tiger1 the crafty treachery of the panther1 are found among mankind1 and ought to excite no other emotion1 when found in the man1 than when found in the beast4 ,why should the true man be angry with the geese that hiss1 the peacocks that strut1 the asses that bray1 and the apes that imitate and chatter1 although they wear the human form8 ,always1 also1 it remains true1 that it is more noble to forgive than to take revenge2 and that1 in general1 we ought too much to despise those who wrong us1 to feel the emotion of anger1 or to desire revenge4 ,at the sphere of the ,sun1 you are in the region of ,,light4 ,the ,hebrew word for gold1 ,,zahab1 also means ,light1 of which the ,sun is to the ,earth the great source4 ,so1 in the great ,oriental allegory of the ,hebrews1 the ,river ,,pison compasses the land of ,gold or ,light2 and the ,river ,,gihon the land of ,ethiopia or ,darkness4 ,what light is1 we no more know than the ancients did4 ,according to the modern hypothesis1 it is not composed of luminous particles shot out from the sun with immense velocity2 but that body only impresses1 on the ether which fills all space1 a powerful vibratory movement that extends1 in the form of luminous waves1 beyond the most distant planets1 supplying them with light and heat4 ,to the ancients1 it was an outflowing from the ,deity4 ,to us1 as to them1 it is the apt symbol of truth and knowledge4 ,to us1 also1 the upward journey of the soul through the ,spheres is symbolical2 but we are as little informed as they whence the soul comes1 where it has its origin1 and whither it goes after death4 ,they endeavored to have some belief and faith1 some creed1 upon those points4 ,at the present day1 men are satisfied to think nothing in regard to all that1 and only to believe that the soul is a something separate from the body and out-living it1 but whether existing before it1 neither to inquire nor care4 ,no one asks whether it emanates from the ,deity1 or is created out of nothing1 or is generated like the body1 and the issue of the souls of the father and the mother4 ,let us not smile1 therefore1 at the ideas of the ancients1 until we have a better belief2 but accept their symbols as meaning that the soul is of a ,divine nature1 originating in a sphere nearer the ,deity1 and returning to that when freed from the enthrallment of the body2 and that it can only return there when purified of all the sordidness and sin which have1 as it were1 become part of its substance1 by its connection with the body4 ,it is not strange that1 thousands of years ago1 men worshipped the ,sun1 and that to-day that worship continues among the ,parsees4 ,originally they looked beyond the orb to the invisible ,god1 of whom the ,sun's light1 seemingly identical with generation and life1 was the manifestation and outflowing4 ,long before the ,chaldan shepherds watched it on their plains1 it came up regularly1 as it now does1 in the morning1 like a god1 and again sank1 like a king retiring1 in the west1 to return again in due time in the same array of majesty4 ,we worship ,immutability4 ,it was that steadfast1 immutable character of the ,sun that the men of ,baalbec worshipped4 ,his light-giving and life-giving powers were secondary attributes4 ,the one grand idea that compelled worship was the characteristic of ,god which they saw reflected in his light1 and fancied they saw in its originality the changelessness of ,deity4 ,he had seen thrones crumble1 earthquakes shake the world and hurl down mountains4 ,beyond ,olympus1 beyond the ,pillars of ,hercules1 he had gone daily to his abode1 and had come daily again in the morning to behold the temples they built to his worship4 ,they personified him as ,,brahma1 ,,amun1 ,,osiris1 ,,bel1 ,,adonis1 ,,malkarth1 ,,mithras1 and ,,apollo2 and the nations that did so grew old and died4 ,moss grew on the capitals of the great columns of his temples1 and he shone on the moss4 ,grain by grain the dust of his temples crumbled and fell1 and was borne off on the wind1 and still he shone on crumbling column and architrave4 ,the roof fell crashing on the pavement1 and he shone in on the ,holy of ,holies with unchanging rays4 ,it was not strange that men worshipped the ,sun4 ,there is a water-plant1 on whose broad leaves the drops of water roll about without uniting1 like drops of mercury4 ,so arguments on points of faith1 in politics or religion1 roll over the surface of the mind4 ,an argument that convinces one mind has no effect on another4 ,few intellects1 or souls that are the negations of intellect have any logical power or capacity4 ,there is a singular obliquity in the human mind that makes the false logic more effective than the true with nine-tenths of those who are regarded as men of intellect4 ,even among the judges1 not one in ten can argue logically4 ,each mind sees the truth1 distorted through its own medium4 ,truth1 to most men1 is like matter in the spheroidal state4 ,like a drop of cold water on the surface of a red-hot metal plate1 it dances1 trembles1 and spins1 and never comes into contact with it2 and the mind may be plunged into truth1 as the hand moistened with sulphurous acid may into melted metal1 and be not even warmed by the immersion4 99 99 99 99 99 ,the word ,khairm or ,khrm is a compound one4 ,gesenius renders ,khrm by the word noble or free-born3 ,khr meaning white1 noble4 ,it also means the opening of a window1 the socket of the eye4 ,khri also means white1 or an opening2 and ,khris1 the orb of the ,sun1 in ,job viii4 #ac and x4 #g4 ,krishna is the ,hindu ,sun-,god4 ,khur1 the ,parsi word1 is the literal name of the ,sun4 ,from ,kur or ,khur1 the ,sun1 comes ,khora1 a name of ,lower ,egypt4 ,the ,sun1 ,bryant says in his ,mythology1 was called ,kur2 and ,plutarch says that the ,persians called the ,sun ,kros4 ,kurios1 ,lord1 in ,greek1 like ,adona1 ,lord1 in ,phnician and ,hebrew1 was applied to the ,sun4 ,many places were sacred to the ,sun1 and called ,kura1 ,kuria1 ,kuropolis1 ,kurene1 ,kureschata1 ,kuresta1 and ,corusia in ,scythia4 ,the ,egyptian ,deity called by the ,greeks ,horus1 was ,her-,ra4 or ,har-oeris1 ,hor or ,har1 the ,sun4 ,hari is a ,hindu name of the ,sun4 ,ari-al1 ,ar-es1 ,ar1 ,aryaman1 ,areimonios1 the ,,ar meaning ,fire or ,flame1 are of the same kindred4 ,hermes or ,har-mes1 7,aram1 ,remus1 ,haram1 ,harameias71 was ,kadmos1 the ,divine ,light or ,wisdom4 ,mar-kuri1 says ,movers1 is ,mar1 the ,sun4 ,in the ,hebrew1 ,,aoor1 is ,light1 ,fire1 or the ,sun4 ,cyrus1 said ,ctesias1 was so named from ,kuros1 the ,sun4 ,kuris1 ,hesychius says1 was ,adonis4 ,apollo1 the ,sun-god1 was called ,kurraios1 from ,kurra1 a city in ,phocis4 ,the people of ,kurene1 originally ,ethiopians or ,cuthites1 worshipped the ,sun under the title of ,achoor and ,achr4 ,we know1 through a precise testimony in the ancient annals of ,tsr1 that the principal festivity of ,mal-karth1 the incarnation of the ,sun at the ,winter ,solstice1 held at ,tsr1 was called his rebirth or his awakening1 and that it was celebrated by means of a pyre1 on which the god was supposed to regain1 through the aid of fire1 a new life4 ,this festival was celebrated in the month ,peritius 7,barith71 the second day of which corresponded to the #beth of ,december4 ,,khur-,,um1 ,king of ,tyre1 ,movers says1 first performed this ceremony4 ,these facts we learn from ,josephus1 ,servius on the neid1 and the ,dionysiacs of ,nonnus2 and through a coincidence that cannot be fortuitous1 the same day was at ,rome the ,dies ,natalis ,solis ,invicti1 the festal day of the invincible ,sun4 ,under this title1 ,,hercules1 ,,har-acles1 was worshipped at ,tsr4 ,thus1 while the temple was being erected1 the death and resurrection of a ,sun-,god was annually represented at ,tsr1 by ,solomon's ally1 at the winter solstice1 by the pyre of ,,mal-,,karth1 the ,tsrian ,haracles4 ,,aroeris or ,,har-oeris1 the elder ,,horus1 is from the same old root that in the ,hebrew has the form ,ar1 or1 with the definite article prefixed1 ,har1 ,light1 or the ,light1 splendor1 flame1 the ,sun and his rays4 ,the hieroglyphic of the younger ,,horus was the point in a circle2 of the ,elder1 a pair of eyes2 and the festival of the thirtieth day of the month ,epiphi1 when the sun and moon were supposed to be in the same right line with the earth1 was called ,the birth-day of the eyes of ,horus4 ,in a papyrus published by ,champollion1 this god is styled ,har-oeri1 ,lord of the ,solar ,spirits1 the beneficent eye of the ,sun4 ,plutarch calls him ,har-pocrates2 but there is no trace of the latter part of the name in the hieroglyphic legends4 ,he is the son of ,,osiris and ,,isis2 and is represented sitting on a throne supported by lions2 the same word1 in ,egyptian1 meaning ,lion and ,sun4 ,so ,solomon made a great throne of ivory1 plated with gold1 with six steps1 at each arm of which was a lion1 and one on each side to each step1 making seven on each side4 ,again1 the ,hebrew word ,hebrew1 ,khi1 means living2 and ,hebrew rm1 was1 or shall be1 raised or lifted up4 ,the latter is the same as ,hebrew1 ,hebrew1 ,hebrew1 rm1 arm1 harm1 whence ,aram1 for ,syria1 or ,arama1 ,high-land4 ,khairm1 therefore1 would mean was raised up to life1 or living4 ,so1 in ,arabic1 hrm1 an unused root1 meant1 was high1 made great1 exalted2 and ,hrm means an ox1 the symbol of the ,sun in ,taurus1 at the ,vernal ,equinox4 ,,khurum1 therefore1 improperly called ,hiram1 is ,,khur-,,om1 the same as ,her-ra1 ,her-mes1 and ,her-acles1 the ,heracles ,tyrius ,invictus1 the personification of ,light and the ,son1 the ,mediator1 ,redeemer1 and ,saviour4 ,from the ,egyptian word ,ra came the ,coptic ,oro1 and the ,hebrew ,ar1 ,light4 ,har-oeri1 is ,hor or ,har1 the chief or master4 ,hor is also heat2 and hora1 season or hour2 and hence in several ,african dialects1 as names of the ,sun1 ,airo1 ,ayero1 eer1 uiro1 ghurrah1 and the like4 ,the royal name rendered ,pharaoh1 was ,,phra1 that is1 ,pai-ra1 the ,sun4 ,the legend of the contest between ,hor-ra and ,set1 or ,set-nu-bi1 the same as ,bar or ,bal1 is older than that of the strife between ,osiris and ,typhon2 as old1 at least1 as the nineteenth dynasty4 ,it is called in the ,book of the ,dead1 ,the day of the battle between ,horus and ,set4 ,the later myth connects itself with ,phoenicia and ,syria4 ,the body of ,,osiris went ashore at ,gebal or ,byblos1 sixty miles above ,tsr4 ,you will not fail to notice that in the name of each murderer of ,khrm1 that of the ,evil ,god ,bal is found4 99 99 99 99 99 ,har-oeri was the god of ,,time1 as well as of ,life4 ,the ,egyptian legend was that the ,king of ,byblos cut down the tamarisk-tree containing the body of ,,osiris1 and made of it a column for his palace4 ,isis1 employed in the palace1 obtained possession of the column1 took the body out of it1 and carried it away4 ,apuleius describes her as a beautiful female1 over whose divine neck her long thick hair hung in graceful ringlets2 and in the procession female attendants1 with ivory combs1 seemed to dress and ornament the royal hair of the goddess4 ,the palm-tree1 and the lamp in the shape of a boat1 appeared in the procession4 ,if the symbol we are speaking of is not a mere modern invention1 it is to these things it alludes4 ,illustration3 ,hieroglyph ,the identity of the legends is also confirmed by this hieroglyphic picture1 copied from an ancient ,egyptian monument1 which may also enlighten you as to the ,lion's grip and the ,master's gavel4 ,hebrew3 1 in the ancient ,phoenician character1 ,symbols1 and in the ,samaritan1 ,symbols1 ,a ,b1 7the two letters representing the numbers #a1 #b1 or ,unity and ,duality1 means ,father1 and is a primitive noun1 common to all the ,semitic languages47 ,it also means an ,ancestor1 ,originator1 ,inventor1 ,head1 ,chief or ,ruler1 ,manager1 ,overseer1 ,master1 ,priest1 ,prophet4 ,hebrew3 simply ,father1 when it is in construction1 that is1 when it precedes another word1 and in ,english the preposition of is interposed1 as ,hebrew3 -1 ,abi-,al1 the ,father of ,al4 ,also1 the final ,yd means my2 so that ,hebrew3 by itself means ,my father4 ,hebrew3 1 ,david my father1 #b ,chron4 ii4 #c4 ,hebrew3 1 7,vav7 final is the possessive pronoun his2 and ,hebrew3 1 ,abiu 7which we read ,abif7 means of my father's4 ,its full meaning1 as connected with the name of ,khrm1 no doubt is1 formerly one of my father's servants1 or slaves4 ,the name of the ,phoenician artificer is1 in ,samuel and ,kings1 ,hebrew3 and ,hebrew3 --#b ,sam4 v4 #aa2 #a ,kings v4 #ae2 #a ,kings vii4 #dj4 ,in ,chronicles it is ,hebrew3 1 with the addition of ,hebrew3 #b ,chron4 ii4 #ab2 and of ,hebrew3 4 #b ,chron4 iv4 #af4 ,it is merely absurd to add the word ,abif or ,abiff1 as part of the name of the artificer4 ,and it is almost as absurd to add the word ,abi1 which was a title and not part of the name4 ,joseph says ,gen4 xlv4 #h1 ,god has constituted me ',ab l',paraah1 as ,father to ,paraah1 i4e41 ,vizier or ,prime ,minister4 ,so ,haman was called the ,second ,father of ,artaxerxes2 and when ,king ,khrm used the phrase ,khrm ,abi1 he meant that the artificer he sent ,schlomoh was the principal or chief workman in his line at ,tsr4 ,a medal copied by ,montfaucon exhibits a female nursing a child1 with ears of wheat in her hand1 and the legend 7,iao74 ,she is seated on clouds1 a star at her head1 and three ears of wheat rising from an altar before her4 ,,horus was the mediator1 who was buried three days1 was regenerated1 and triumphed over the evil principle4 ,the word ,,heri1 in ,sanscrit1 means ,shepherd1 as well as ,saviour4 ,,crishna is called ,heri1 as ,,jesus called ,himself the ,good ,shepherd4 ,hebrew3 1 ,khr1 means an aperture of a window1 a cave1 or the eye4 ,also it means white4 ,in ,syriac1 ,symbols4 ,hebrew3 also means an opening1 and noble1 free-born1 high-born4 ,hebrew3 1 ,,khurm means consecrated1 devoted2 in thiopic ,symbols ,it is the name of a city1 ,josh4 xix4 #ch2 and of a man1 ,ezr4 ii4 #cb1 x4 #ca2 ,neh4 iii4 #aa4 ,hebrew3 1 ,khirah1 means nobility1 a noble race4 ,buddha is declared to comprehend in his own person the essence of the ,hindu ,trimurti2 and hence the tri-literal monosyllable ,om or ,aum is applied to him as being essentially the same as ,brahma-,vishnu-,siva4 ,he is the same as ,hermes1 ,thoth1 ,taut1 and ,teutates4 ,one of his names is ,heri-maya or ,her-maya1 which are evidently the same name as ,hermes and ,khirm or ,khrm4 ,heri1 in ,sanscrit1 means ,lord4 ,a learned ,brother places over the two symbolic pillars1 from right to left1 the two words ,symbols and ,symbols ,hebrew3 and ,hebrew3 1 ,,ihu and ,,bal3 followed by the hieroglyphic equivalent1 ,hieroglyphic3 of the ,sun-,god1 ,amun-ra4 ,is it an accidental coincidence1 that in the name of each murderer are the two names of the ,good and ,evil ,deities of the ,hebrews2 for ,yu-bel is but ,yehu-,bal or ,yeho-,bal8 and that the three final syllables of the names1 a1 o1 um1 make ,a4,u4,m4 the sacred word of the ,hindoos1 meaning the ,triune-,god1 ,life-giving1 ,life-preserving1 ,life-destroying3 represented by the mystic character ,mystic ,character3 ,y4 ,the genuine ,acacia1 also1 is the thorny tamarisk1 the same tree which grew up around the body of ,osiris4 ,it was a sacred tree among the ,arabs1 who made of it the idol ,al-,uzza1 which ,mohammed destroyed4 ,it is abundant as a bush in the ,desert of ,thur3 and of it the crown of thorns was composed1 which was set on the forehead of ,jesus of ,nazareth4 ,it is a fit type of immortality on account of its tenacity of life2 for it has been known1 when planted as a door-post1 to take root again and shoot out budding boughs over the threshold4 99 99 99 99 99 ,every commonwealth must have its periods of trial and transition1 especially if it engages in war4 ,it is certain at some time to be wholly governed by agitators appealing to all the baser elements of the popular nature2 by moneyed corporations2 by those enriched by the depreciation of government securities or paper2 by small attorneys1 schemers1 money-jobbers1 speculators and adventurers--an ignoble oligarchy1 enriched by the distresses of the ,state1 and fattened on the miseries of the people4 ,then all the deceitful visions of equality and the rights of man end2 and the wronged and plundered ,state can regain a real liberty only by passing through great varieties of untried being1 purified in its transmigration by fire and blood4 ,in a ,republic1 it soon comes to pass that parties gather round the negative and positive poles of some opinion or notion1 and that the intolerant spirit of a triumphant majority will allow no deviation from the standard of orthodoxy which it has set up for itself4 ,freedom of opinion will be professed and pretended to1 but every one will exercise it at the peril of being banished from political communion with those who hold the reins and prescribe the policy to be pursued4 ,slavishness to party and obsequiousness to the popular whims go hand in hand4 ,political independence only occurs in a fossil state2 and men's opinions grow out of the acts they have been constrained to do or sanction4 ,flattery1 either of individual or people1 corrupts both the receiver and the giver2 and adulation is not of more service to the people than to kings4 ,a ,csar1 securely seated in power1 cares less for it than a free democracy2 nor will his appetite for it grow to exorbitance1 as that of a people will1 until it becomes insatiate4 ,the effect of liberty to individuals is1 that they may do what they please2 to a people1 it is to a great extent the same4 ,if accessible to flattery1 as this is always interested1 and resorted to on low and base motives1 and for evil purposes1 either individual or people is sure1 in doing what it pleases1 to do what in honor and conscience should have been left undone4 ,one ought not even to risk congratulations1 which may soon be turned into complaints2 and as both individuals and peoples are prone to make a bad use of power1 to flatter them1 which is a sure way to mislead them1 well deserves to be called a crime4 ,the first principle in a ,republic ought to be1 that no man or set of men is entitled to exclusive or separate emoluments or privileges from the community1 but in consideration of public services2 which not being descendible1 neither ought the offices of magistrate1 legislature1 nor judge1 to be hereditary4 ,it is a volume of ,truth and ,wisdom1 a lesson for the study of nations1 embodied in a single sentence1 and expressed in language which every man can understand4 ,if a deluge of despotism were to overthrow the world1 and destroy all institutions under which freedom is protected1 so that they should no longer be remembered among men1 this sentence1 preserved1 would be sufficient to rekindle the fires of liberty and revive the race of free men4 ,but1 to preserve liberty1 another must be added3 that a free ,state does not confer office as a reward1 especially for questionable services1 unless she seeks her own ruin2 but all officers are employed by her1 in consideration solely of their will and ability to render service in the future2 and therefore that the best and most competent are always to be preferred4 ,for1 if there is to be any other rule1 that of hereditary succession is perhaps as good as any4 ,by no other rule is it possible to preserve the liberties of the ,state4 ,by no other to intrust the power of making the laws to those only who have that keen instinctive sense of injustice and wrong which enables them to detect baseness and corruption in their most secret hiding-places1 and that moral courage and generous manliness and gallant independence that make them fearless in dragging out the perpetrators to the light of day1 and calling down upon them the scorn and indignation of the world4 ,the flatterers of the people are never such men4 ,on the contrary1 a time always comes to a ,republic1 when it is not content1 like ,tiberius1 with a single ,sejanus1 but must have a host2 and when those most prominent in the lead of affairs are men without reputation1 statesmanship1 ability1 or information1 the mere hacks of party1 owing their places to trickery and want of qualification1 with none of the qualities of head or heart that make great and wise men1 and1 at the same time1 filled with all the narrow conceptions and bitter intolerance of political bigotry4 ,these die2 and the world is none the wiser for what they have said and done4 ,their names sink in the bottomless pit of oblivion2 but their acts of folly or knavery curse the body politic and at last prove its ruin4 ,politicians1 in a free ,state1 are generally hollow1 heartless1 and selfish4 ,their own aggrandisement is the end of their patriotism2 and they always look with secret satisfaction on the disappointment or fall of one whose loftier genius and superior talents overshadow their own self-importance1 or whose integrity and incorruptible honor are in the way of their selfish ends4 ,the influence of the small aspirants is always against the great man4 ,his accession to power may be almost for a lifetime4 ,one of themselves will be more easily displaced1 and each hopes to succeed him2 and so it at length comes to pass that men impudently aspire to and actually win the highest stations1 who are unfit for the lowest clerkships2 and incapacity and mediocrity become the surest passports to office4 ,the consequence is1 that those who feel themselves competent and qualified to serve the people1 refuse with disgust to enter into the struggle for office1 where the wicked and jesuitical doctrine that all is fair in politics is an excuse for every species of low villainy2 and those who seek even the highest places of the ,state do not rely upon the power of a magnanimous spirit1 on the sympathizing impulses of a great soul1 to stir and move the people to generous1 noble1 and heroic resolves1 and to wise and manly action2 but1 like spaniels erect on their hind legs1 with fore-paws obsequiously suppliant1 fawn1 flatter1 and actually beg for votes4 ,rather than descend to this1 they stand contemptuously aloof1 disdainfully refusing to court the people1 and acting on the maxim1 that mankind has no title to demand that we shall serve them in spite of themselves4 99 99 99 99 99 ,it is lamentable to see a country split into factions1 each following this or that great or brazen-fronted leader with a blind1 unreasoning1 unquestioning hero-worship2 it is contemptible to see it divided into parties1 whose sole end is the spoils of victory1 and their chiefs the low1 the base1 the venal and the small4 ,such a country is in the last stages of decay1 and near its end1 no matter how prosperous it may seem to be4 ,it wrangles over the volcano and the earthquake4 ,but it is certain that no government can be conducted by the men of the people1 and for the people1 without a rigid adherence to those principles which our reason commends as fixed and sound4 ,these must be the tests of parties1 men1 and measures4 ,once determined1 they must be inexorable in their application1 and all must either come up to the standard or declare against it4 ,men may betray3 principles never can4 ,oppression is one invariable consequence of misplaced confidence in treacherous man1 it is never the result of the working or application of a sound1 just1 well-tried principle4 ,compromises which bring fundamental principles into doubt1 in order to unite in one party men of antagonistic creeds1 are frauds1 and end in ruin1 the just and natural consequence of fraud4 ,whenever you have settled upon your theory and creed1 sanction no departure from it in practice1 on any ground of expediency4 ,it is the ,master's word4 ,yield it up neither to flattery nor force6 ,let no defeat or persecution rob you of it6 ,believe that he who once blundered in statesmanship will blunder again2 that such blunders are as fatal as crimes2 and that political near-sightedness does not improve by age4 ,there are always more impostors than seers among public men1 more false prophets than true ones1 more prophets of ,baal than of ,jehovah2 and ,jerusalem is always in danger from the ,assyrians4 ,sallust said that after a ,state has been corrupted by luxury and idleness1 it may by its mere greatness bear up under the burden of its vices4 ,but even while he wrote1 ,rome1 of which he spoke1 had played out her masquerade of freedom4 ,other causes than luxury and sloth destroy ,republics4 ,if small1 their larger neighbors extinguish them by absorption4 ,if of great extent1 the cohesive force is too feeble to hold them together1 and they fall to pieces by their own weight4 ,the paltry ambition of small men disintegrates them4 ,the want of wisdom in their councils creates exasperating issues4 ,usurpation of power plays its part1 incapacity seconds corruption1 the storm rises1 and the fragments of the incoherent raft strew the sandy shores1 reading to mankind another lesson for it to disregard4 ,illustration 99 99 99 99 99 ,the ,forty-seventh ,proposition is older than ,pythagoras4 ,it is this3 ,in every right-angled triangle1 the sum of the squares of the base and perpendicular is equal to the square of the hypothenuse4 ,the square of a number is the product of that number1 multiplied by itself4 ,thus1 #d is the square of #b1 and #i of #c4 ,the first ten numbers are3 #a1 #b1 #c1 #d1 #e1 #f1 #g1 #h1 #i1 #aj2 their squares are #a1 #d1 #i1af1be1cf1di1fd1ha1ajj2 and #c1 #e1 #g1 #i1aa1ac1ae1ag1 #ai are the differences between each square and that which precedes it2 giving us the sacred numbers1 #c1 #e1 #g1 and #i4 ,of these numbers1 the square of #c and #d1 added together1 gives the square of #e2 and those of #f and #h1 the square of #aj2 and if a right-angled triangle be formed1 the base measuring #c or #f parts1 and the perpendicular #d or #h parts1 the hypothenuse will be #e or #aj parts2 and if a square is erected on each side1 these squares being subdivided into squares each side of which is one part in length1 there will be as many of these in the square erected on the hypothenuse as in the other two squares together4 ,now the ,egyptians arranged their deities in ,triads2 the ,,father or the ,spirit or ,active ,principle or ,generative ,power2 the ,,mother1 or ,matter1 or the ,passive ,principle1 or the ,conceptive ,power2 and the ,,son1 ,issue or ,product1 the ,universe1 proceeding from the two principles4 ,these were ,,osiris1 ,,isis1 and ,,horus4 ,in the same way1 ,,plato gives us ,thought the ,father2 ,primitive ,matter the ,mother2 and ,kosmos the ,world1 the ,son1 the ,universe animated by a soul4 ,triads of the same kind are found in the ,kabalah4 ,,plutarch says1 in his book ,de ,iside et ,osiride1 ,but the better and diviner nature consists of three1--that which exists within the ,intellect only1 and ,matter1 and that which proceeds from these1 which the ,greeks call ,kosmos2 of which three1 ,plato is wont to call the ,intelligible1 the ',idea1 ,exemplar1 and ,father'2 ,matter1 'the ,mother1 the ,nurse1 and the place and receptacle of generation'2 and the issue of these two1 'the ,offspring and ,genesis1' the ,,kosmos1 a word signifying equally ,beauty and ,order1 or the ,universe itself4 ,you will not fail to notice that ,beauty is symbolized by the ,junior ,warden in the ,south4 ,plutarch continues to say that the ,egyptians compared the universal nature to what they called the most beautiful and perfect triangle1 as ,plato does1 in that nuptial diagram1 as it is termed1 which he has introduced into his ,commonwealth4 ,then he adds that this triangle is right-angled1 and its sides respectively as #c1 #d1 and #e2 and he says1 ,we must suppose that the perpendicular is designed by them to represent the masculine nature1 the base the feminine1 and that the hypothenuse is to be looked upon as the offspring of both2 and accordingly the first of them will aptly enough represent ,,osiris1 or the prime cause2 the second1 ,,isis1 or the receptive capacity2 the last1 ,,horus1 or the common effect of the other two4 ,for #c is the first number which is composed of even and odd2 and #d is a square whose side is equal to the even number #b2 but #e1 being generated1 as it were1 out of the preceding numbers1 #b and #c1 may be said to have an equal relation to both of them1 as to its common parents4 99 99 99 99 99 ,the clasped hands is another symbol which was used by ,,pythagoras4 ,it represented the number #aj1 the sacred number in which all the preceding numbers were contained2 the number expressed by the mysterious ,,tetractys1 a figure borrowed by him and the ,hebrew priests alike from the ,egyptian sacred science1 and which ought to be replaced among the symbols of the ,master's ,degree1 where it of right belongs4 ,the ,hebrews formed it thus1 with the letters of the ,divine name3 ,illustration ,the ,tetractys thus leads you1 not only to the study of the ,pythagorean philosophy as to numbers1 but also to the ,kabalah1 and will aid you in discovering the ,true ,word1 and understanding what was meant by ,the ,music of the ,spheres4 ,modern science strikingly confirms the ideas of ,pythagoras in regard to the properties of numbers1 and that they govern in the ,universe4 ,long before his time1 nature had extracted her cube-roots and her squares4 99 99 99 99 99 ,all the ,,forces at man's disposal or under man's control1 or subject to man's influence1 are his working tools4 ,the friendship and sympathy that knit heart to heart are a force like the attraction of cohesion1 by which the sandy particles became the solid rock4 ,if this law of attraction or cohesion were taken away1 the material worlds and suns would dissolve in an instant into thin invisible vapor4 ,if the ties of friendship1 affection1 and love were annulled1 mankind would become a raging multitude of wild and savage beasts of prey4 ,the sand hardens into rock under the immense superincumbent pressure of the ocean1 aided sometimes by the irresistible energy of fire2 and when the pressure of calamity and danger is upon an order or a country1 the members or the citizens ought to be the more closely united by the cohesion of sympathy and inter-dependence4 ,morality is a force4 ,it is the magnetic attraction of the heart toward ,truth and ,virtue4 ,the needle1 imbued with this mystic property1 and pointing unerringly to the north1 carries the mariner safely over the trackless ocean1 through storm and darkness1 until his glad eyes behold the beneficent beacons that welcome him to safe and hospitable harbor4 ,then the hearts of those who love him are gladdened1 and his home made happy2 and this gladness and happiness are due to the silent1 unostentatious1 unerring monitor that was the sailor's guide over the weltering waters4 ,but if drifted too far northward1 he finds the needle no longer true1 but pointing elsewhere than to the north1 what a feeling of helplessness falls upon the dismayed mariner1 what utter loss of energy and courage6 ,it is as if the great axioms of morality were to fail and be no longer true1 leaving the human soul to drift helplessly1 eyeless like ,prometheus1 at the mercy of the uncertain1 faithless currents of the deep4 ,honor and ,duty are the pole-stars of a ,mason1 the ,dioscuri1 by never losing sight of which he may avoid disastrous shipwreck4 ,these ,palinurus watched1 until1 overcome by sleep1 and the vessel no longer guided truly1 he fell into and was swallowed up by the insatiable sea4 ,so the ,mason who loses sight of these1 and is no longer governed by their beneficent and potential force1 is lost1 and sinking out of sight1 will disappear unhonored and unwept4 ,the force of electricity1 analogous to that of sympathy1 and by means of which great thoughts or base suggestions1 the utterances of noble or ignoble natures1 flash instantaneously over the nerves of nations2 the force of growth1 fit type of immortality1 lying dormant three thousand years in the wheat-grains buried with their mummies by the old ,egyptians2 the forces of expansion and contraction1 developed in the earthquake and the tornado1 and giving birth to the wonderful achievements of steam1 have their parallelisms in the moral world1 in individuals1 and nations4 ,growth is a necessity for nations as for men4 ,its cessation is the beginning of decay4 ,in the nation as well as the plant it is mysterious1 and it is irresistible4 ,the earthquakes that rend nations asunder1 overturn thrones1 and engulf monarchies and republics1 have been long prepared for1 like the volcanic eruption4 ,revolutions have long roots in the past4 ,the force exerted is in direct proportion to the previous restraint and compression4 ,the true statesman ought to see in progress the causes that are in due time to produce them2 and he who does not is but a blind leader of the blind4 ,the great changes in nations1 like the geological changes of the earth1 are slowly and continuously wrought4 ,the waters1 falling from ,heaven as rain and dews1 slowly disintegrate the granite mountains2 abrade the plains1 leaving hills and ridges of denudation as their monuments2 scoop out the valleys1 fill up the seas1 narrow the rivers1 and after the lapse of thousands on thousands of silent centuries1 prepare the great alluvia for the growth of that plant1 the snowy envelope of whose seeds is to employ the looms of the world1 and the abundance or penury of whose crops shall determine whether the weavers and spinners of other realms shall have work to do or starve4 ,so ,public ,opinion is an immense force2 and its currents are as inconstant and incomprehensible as those of the atmosphere4 ,nevertheless1 in free governments1 it is omnipotent2 and the business of the statesman is to find the means to shape1 control1 and direct it4 ,according as that is done1 it is beneficial and conservative1 or destructive and ruinous4 ,the ,public ,opinion of the civilized world is ,international ,law2 and it is so great a force1 though with no certain and fixed boundaries1 that it can even constrain the victorious despot to be generous1 and aid an oppressed people in its struggle for independence4 ,habit is a great force2 it is second nature1 even in trees4 ,it is as strong in nations as in men4 ,so also are ,prejudices1 which are given to men and nations as the passions are1--as forces1 valuable1 if properly and skillfully availed of2 destructive1 if unskillfully handled4 ,above all1 the ,love of ,country1 ,state ,pride1 the ,love of ,home1 forces of immense power4 ,encourage them all4 ,insist upon them in your public men4 ,permanency of home is necessary to patriotism4 ,a migratory race will have little love of country4 ,state pride is a mere theory and chimera1 where men remove from ,state to ,state with indifference1 like the ,arabs1 who camp here to-day and there to-morrow4 ,if you have ,eloquence1 it is a mighty force4 ,see that you use it for good purposes--to teach1 exhort1 ennoble the people1 and not to mislead and corrupt them4 ,corrupt and venal orators are the assassins of the public liberties and of public morals4 ,the ,will is a force2 its limits as yet unknown4 ,it is in the power of the will that we chiefly see the spiritual and divine in man4 ,there is a seeming identity between his will that moves other men1 and the ,creative ,will whose action seems so incomprehensible4 ,it is the men of will and action1 not the men of pure intellect1 that govern the world4 ,finally1 the three greatest moral forces are ,,faith1 which is the only true ,,wisdom1 and the very foundation of all government2 ,,hope1 which is ,,strength1 and insures success2 and ,,charity1 which is ,,beauty1 and alone makes animated1 united effort possible4 ,these forces are within the reach of all men2 and an association of men1 actuated by them1 ought to exercise an immense power in the world4 ,if ,masonry does not1 it is because she has ceased to possess them4 ,wisdom in the man or statesman1 in king or priest1 largely consists in the due appreciation of these forces2 and upon the general non-appreciation of some of them the fate of nations often depends4 ,what hecatombs of lives often hang upon the not weighing or not sufficiently weighing the force of an idea1 such as1 for example1 the reverence for a flag1 or the blind attachment to a form or constitution of government6 ,what errors in political economy and statesmanship are committed in consequence of the over-estimation or under-estimation of particular values1 or the non-estimation of some among them6 ,everything1 it is asserted1 is the product of human labor2 but the gold or the diamond which one accidentally finds without labor is not so4 ,what is the value of the labor bestowed by the husbandman upon his crops1 compared with the value of the sunshine and rain1 without which his labor avails nothing8 ,commerce carried on by the labor of man1 adds to the value of the products of the field1 the mine1 or the workshop1 by their transportation to different markets2 but how much of this increase is due to the rivers down which these products float1 to the winds that urge the keels of commerce over the ocean6 ,who can estimate the value of morality and manliness in a ,state1 of moral worth and intellectual knowledge8 ,these are the sunshine and rain of the ,state4 ,the winds1 with their changeable1 fickle1 fluctuating currents1 are apt emblems of the fickle humors of the populace1 its passions1 its heroic impulses1 its enthusiasms4 ,woe to the statesman who does not estimate these as values6 ,even music and song are sometimes found to have an incalculable value4 ,every nation has some song of a proven value1 more easily counted in lives than dollars4 ,the ,marseillaise was worth to revolutionary ,france1 who shall say how many thousand men8 ,peace also is a great element of prosperity and wealth2 a value not to be calculated4 ,social intercourse and association of men in beneficent ,orders have a value not to be estimated in coin4 ,the illustrious examples of the ,past of a nation1 the memories and immortal thoughts of her great and wise thinkers1 statesmen1 and heroes1 are the invaluable legacy of that ,past to the ,present and ,future4 ,and all these have not only the values of the loftier and more excellent and priceless kind1 but also an actual money-value1 since it is only when co-operating with or aided or enabled by these1 that human labor creates wealth4 ,they are of the chief elements of material wealth1 as they are of national manliness1 heroism1 glory1 prosperity1 and immortal renown4 99 99 99 99 99 ,providence has appointed the three great disciplines of ,war1 the ,monarchy and the ,priesthood1 all that the ,,camp1 the ,,palace1 and the ,,temple may symbolize1 to train the multitudes forward to intelligent and premeditated combinations for all the great purposes of society4 ,the result will at length be free governments among men1 when virtue and intelligence become qualities of the multitudes2 but for ignorance such governments are impossible4 ,man advances only by degrees4 ,the removal of one pressing calamity gives courage to attempt the removal of the remaining evils1 rendering men more sensitive to them1 or perhaps sensitive for the first time4 ,serfs that writhe under the whip are not disquieted about their political rights2 manumitted from personal slavery1 they become sensitive to political oppression4 ,liberated from arbitrary power1 and governed by the law alone1 they begin to scrutinize the law itself1 and desire to be governed1 not only by law1 but by what they deem the best law4 ,and when the civil or temporal despotism has been set aside1 and the municipal law has been moulded on the principles of an enlightened jurisprudence1 they may wake to the discovery that they are living under some priestly or ecclesiastical despotism1 and become desirous of working a reformation there also4 ,it is quite true that the advance of humanity is slow1 and that it often pauses and retrogrades4 ,in the kingdoms of the earth we do not see despotisms retiring and yielding the ground to self-governing communities4 ,we do not see the churches and priesthoods of ,christendom relinquishing their old task of governing men by imaginary terrors4 ,nowhere do we see a populace that could be safely manumitted from such a government4 ,we do not see the great religious teachers aiming to discover truth for themselves and for others2 but still ruling the world1 and contented and compelled to rule the world1 by whatever dogma is already accredited2 themselves as much bound down by this necessity to govern1 as the populace by their need of government4 ,poverty in all its most hideous forms still exists in the great cities2 and the cancer of pauperism has its roots in the hearts of kingdoms4 ,men there take no measure of their wants and their own power to supply them1 but live and multiply like the beasts of the field1--,providence having apparently ceased to care for them4 ,intelligence never visits these1 or it makes its appearance as some new development of villainy4 ,war has not ceased2 still there are battles and sieges4 ,homes are still unhappy1 and tears and anger and spite make hells where there should be heavens4 ,so much the more necessity for ,masonry6 ,so much wider the field of its labors6 ,so much the more need for it to begin to be true to itself1 to revive from its asphyxia1 to repent of its apostasy to its true creed6 ,undoubtedly1 labor and death and the sexual passion are essential and permanent conditions of human existence1 and render perfection and a millennium on earth impossible4 ,always1--it is the decree of ,fate6--the vast majority of men must toil to live1 and cannot find time to cultivate the intelligence4 ,man1 knowing he is to die1 will not sacrifice the present enjoyment for a greater one in the future4 ,the love of woman cannot die out2 and it has a terrible and uncontrollable fate1 increased by the refinements of civilization4 ,woman is the veritable syren or goddess of the young4 ,but society can be improved2 and free government is possible for ,states2 and freedom of thought and conscience is no longer wholly utopian4 ,already we see that ,emperors prefer to be elected by universal suffrage2 that ,states are conveyed to ,empires by vote2 and that ,empires are administered with something of the spirit of a ,republic1 being little else than democracies with a single head1 ruling through one man1 one representative1 instead of an assembly of representatives4 ,and if ,priesthoods still govern1 they now come before the laity to prove1 by stress of argument1 that they ought to govern4 ,they are obliged to evoke the very reason which they are bent on supplanting4 ,accordingly1 men become daily more free1 because the freedom of the man lies in his reason4 ,he can reflect upon his own future conduct1 and summon up its consequences2 he can take wide views of human life1 and lay down rules for constant guidance4 ,thus he is relieved of the tyranny of sense and passion1 and enabled at any time to live according to the whole light of the knowledge that is within him1 instead of being driven1 like a dry leaf on the wings of the wind1 by every present impulse4 ,herein lies the freedom of the man as regarded in connection with the necessity imposed by the omnipotence and fore-knowledge of ,god4 ,so much light1 so much liberty4 ,when emperor and church appeal to reason there is naturally universal suffrage4 ,therefore no one need lose courage1 nor believe that labor in the cause of ,progress will be labor wasted4 ,there is no waste in nature1 either of ,matter1 ,force1 ,act1 or ,thought4 ,a ,thought is as much the end of life as an ,action2 and a single ,thought sometimes works greater results than a ,revolution1 even ,revolutions themselves4 ,still there should not be divorce between ,thought and ,action4 ,the true ,thought is that in which life culminates4 ,but all wise and true ,thought produces ,action4 ,it is generative1 like the light2 and light and the deep shadow of the passing cloud are the gifts of the prophets of the race4 ,knowledge1 laboriously acquired1 and inducing habits of sound ,thought1--the reflective character1--must necessarily be rare4 ,the multitude of laborers cannot acquire it4 ,most men attain to a very low standard of it4 ,it is incompatible with the ordinary and indispensable avocations of life4 ,a whole world of error as well as of labor1 go to make one reflective man4 ,in the most advanced nation of ,europe there are more ignorant than wise1 more poor than rich1 more automatic laborers1 the mere creatures of habit1 than reasoning and reflective men4 ,the proportion is at least a thousand to one4 ,unanimity of opinion is so obtained4 ,it only exists among the multitude who do not think1 and the political or spiritual priesthood who think for that multitude1 who think how to guide and govern them4 ,when men begin to reflect1 they begin to differ4 ,the great problem is to find guides who will not seek to be tyrants4 ,this is needed even more in respect to the heart than the head4 ,now1 every man earns his special share of the produce of human labor1 by an incessant scramble1 by trickery and deceit4 ,useful knowledge1 honorably acquired1 is too often used after a fashion not honest or reasonable1 so that the studies of youth are far more noble than the practices of manhood4 ,the labor of the farmer in his fields1 the generous returns of the earth1 the benignant and favoring skies1 tend to make him earnest1 provident1 and grateful2 the education of the market-place makes him querulous1 crafty1 envious1 and an intolerable niggard4 ,masonry seeks to be this beneficent1 unambitious1 disinterested guide2 and it is the very condition of all great structures that the sound of the hammer and the clink of the trowel should be always heard in some part of the building4 ,with faith in man1 hope for the future of humanity1 loving-kindness for our fellows1 ,masonry and the ,mason must always work and teach4 ,let each do that for which he is best fitted4 ,the teacher also is a workman4 ,praiseworthy as the active navigator is1 who comes and goes and makes one clime partake of the treasures of the other1 and one to share the treasures of all1 he who keeps the beacon-light upon the hill is also at his post4 ,masonry has already helped cast down some idols from their pedestals1 and grind to impalpable dust some of the links of the chains that held men's souls in bondage4 ,that there has been progress needs no other demonstration than that you may now reason with men1 and urge upon them1 without danger of the rack or stake1 that no doctrines can be apprehended as truths if they contradict each other1 or contradict other truths given us by ,god4 ,long before the ,reformation1 a monk1 who had found his way to heresy without the help of ,martin ,luther1 not venturing to breathe aloud into any living ear his anti-papal and treasonable doctrines1 wrote them on parchment1 and sealing up the perilous record1 hid it in the massive walls of his monastery4 ,there was no friend or brother to whom he could intrust his secret or pour forth his soul4 ,it was some consolation to imagine that in a future age some one might find the parchment1 and the seed be found not to have been sown in vain4 ,what if the truth should have to lie dormant as long before germinating as the wheat in the ,egyptian mummy8 ,speak it1 nevertheless1 again and again1 and let it take its chance6 ,the rose of ,jericho grows in the sandy deserts of ,arabia and on the ,syrian housetops4 ,scarcely six inches high1 it loses its leaves after the flowering season1 and dries up into the form of a ball4 ,then it is uprooted by the winds1 and carried1 blown1 or tossed across the desert1 into the sea4 ,there1 feeling the contact of the water1 it unfolds itself1 expands its branches1 and expels its seeds from their seed-vessels4 ,these1 when saturated with water1 are carried by the tide and laid on the sea-shore4 ,many are lost1 as many individual lives of men are useless4 ,but many are thrown back again from the sea-shore into the desert1 where1 by the virtue of the sea-water that they have imbibed1 the roots and leaves sprout and they grow into fruitful plants1 which will1 in their turns1 like their ancestors1 be whirled into the sea4 ,god will not be less careful to provide for the germination of the truths you may boldly utter forth4 ,cast1 ,he has said1 thy bread upon the waters1 and after many days it shall return to thee again4 ,initiation does not change3 we find it again and again1 and always the same1 through all the ages4 ,the last disciples of ,pascalis ,martinez are still the children of ,orpheus2 but they adore the realizer of the antique philosophy1 the ,incarnate ,word of the ,christians4 ,pythagoras1 the great divulger of the philosophy of numbers1 visited all the sanctuaries of the world4 ,he went into ,judaea1 where he procured himself to be circumcised1 that he might be admitted to the secrets of the ,kabalah1 which the prophets ,ezekiel and ,daniel1 not without some reservations1 communicated to him4 ,then1 not without some difficulty1 he succeeded in being admitted to the ,egyptian initiation1 upon the recommendation of ,king ,amasis4 ,the power of his genius supplied the deficiencies of the imperfect communications of the ,hierophants1 and he himself became a ,master and a ,revealer4 ,pythagoras defined ,god3 a ,living and ,absolute ,verity clothed with ,light4 ,he said that the ,word was ,number manifested by ,form4 ,he made all descend from the ,tetractys1 that is to say1 from the ,quaternary4 ,god1 he said again1 is the ,supreme ,music1 the nature of which is ,harmony4 ,pythagoras gave the magistrates of ,crotona this great religious1 political and social precept3 ,there is no evil that is not preferable to ,anarchy4 ,pythagoras said1 ,even as there are three divine notions and three intelligible regions1 so there is a triple word1 for the ,hierarchical ,order always manifests itself by threes4 ,there are the word simple1 the word hieroglyphical1 and the word symbolic3 in other terms1 there are the word that expresses1 the word that conceals1 and the word that signifies2 the whole hieratic intelligence is in the perfect knowledge of these three degrees4 ,pythagoras enveloped doctrine with symbols1 but carefully eschewed personifications and images1 which1 he thought1 sooner or later produced idolatry4 ,the ,holy ,kabalah1 or tradition of the children of ,seth1 was carried from ,chalda by ,abraham1 taught to the ,egyptian priesthood by ,joseph1 recovered and purified by ,moses1 concealed under symbols in the ,bible1 revealed by the ,saviour to ,saint ,john1 and contained1 entire1 under hieratic figures analogous to those of all antiquity1 in the ,apocalypse of that ,apostle4 ,the ,kabalists consider ,god as the ,intelligent1 ,animated1 ,living ,infinite4 ,he is not1 for them1 either the aggregate of existences1 or existence in the abstract1 or a being philosophically definable4 ,he is in all1 distinct from all1 and greater than all4 ,his name even is ineffable2 and yet this name only expresses the human ideal of ,his divinity4 ,what ,god is in ,himself1 it is not given to man to comprehend4 ,god is the absolute of ,faith2 but the absolute of ,reason is ,,being1 ,hebrew4 ,i am that ,i am1 is a wretched translation4 ,being1 ,existence1 is by itself1 and because it ,is4 ,the reason of ,being1 is ,being itself4 ,we may inquire1 ,why does something exist8 that is1 ,why does such or such a thing exist8 ,but we cannot1 without being absurd1 ask1 ,why ,is ,being8 ,that would be to suppose ,being before ,being4 ,if ,being had a cause1 that cause would necessarily ,be2 that is1 the cause and effect would be identical4 ,reason and science demonstrate to us that the modes of ,existence and ,being balance each other in equilibrium according to harmonious and hierarchic laws4 ,but a hierarchy is synthetized1 in ascending1 and becomes ever more and more monarchial4 ,yet the reason cannot pause at a single chief1 without being alarmed at the abysses which it seems to leave above this ,supreme ,monarch4 ,therefore it is silent1 and gives place to the ,faith it adores4 ,what is certain1 even for science and the reason1 is1 that the idea of ,god is the grandest1 the most holy1 and the most useful of all the aspirations of man2 that upon this belief morality reposes1 with its eternal sanction4 ,this belief1 then1 is in humanity1 the most real of the phenomena of being2 and if it were false1 nature would affirm the absurd2 nothingness would give form to life1 and ,god would at the same time be and not be4 ,it is to this philosophic and incontestable reality1 which is termed ,the ,idea of ,god1 that the ,kabalists give a name4 ,in this name all others are contained4 ,its cyphers contain all the numbers2 and the hieroglyphics of its letters express all the laws and all the things of nature4 ,,being is ,,being3 the reason of ,being is in ,being3 in the ,beginning is the ,word1 and the ,word in logic formulated ,speech1 the spoken ,reason2 the ,word is in ,god1 and is ,god ,himself1 manifested to the ,intelligence4 ,here is what is above all the philosophies4 ,this we must believe1 under the penalty of never truly knowing anything1 and relapsing into the absurd skepticism of ,pyrrho4 ,the ,priesthood1 custodian of ,faith1 wholly rests upon this basis of knowledge1 and it is in its teachings we must recognize the ,divine ,principle of the ,eternal ,word4 ,light is not ,spirit1 as the ,indian ,hierophants believed it to be2 but only the instrument of the ,spirit4 ,it is not the body of the ,protoplastes1 as the ,theurgists of the school of ,alexandria taught1 but the first physical manifestation of the ,divine afflatus4 ,god eternally creates it1 and man1 in the image of ,god1 modifies and seems to multiply it4 ,the high magic is styled ,the ,sacerdotal ,art1 and ,the ,royal ,art4 ,in ,egypt1 ,greece1 and ,rome1 it could not but share the greatnesses and decadences of the ,priesthood and of ,royalty4 ,every philosophy hostile to the national worship and to its mysteries1 was of necessity hostile to the great political powers1 which lose their grandeur1 if they cease1 in the eyes of the multitudes1 to be the images of the ,divine ,power4 ,every ,crown is shattered1 when it clashes against the ,tiara4 ,plato1 writing to ,dionysius the ,younger1 in regard to the nature of the ,first ,principle1 says3 ,i must write to you in enigmas1 so that if my letter be intercepted by land or sea1 he who shall read it may in no degree comprehend it4 ,and then he says1 ,all things surround their ,king2 they are1 on account of ,him1 and ,he alone is the cause of good things1 ,second for the ,seconds and ,third for the ,thirds4 ,there is in these few words a complete summary of the ,theology of the ,sephiroth4 ,the ,king is ,,ainsoph1 ,being ,supreme and ,absolute4 ,from this centre1 which is everywhere1 all things ray forth2 but we especially conceive of it in three manners and in three different spheres4 ,in the ,divine world 7,,aziluth71 which is that of the ,first ,cause1 and wherein the whole ,eternity of ,things in the beginning existed as ,unity1 to be afterward1 during ,eternity uttered forth1 clothed with form1 and the attributes that constitute them matter1 the ,first ,principle is ,single and ,first1 and yet not the ,,very ,illimitable ,deity1 incomprehensible1 undefinable2 but ,himself in so far as manifested by the ,creative ,thought4 ,to compare littleness with infinity1--,arkwright1 as inventor of the spinning-jenny1 and not the man ,arkwright otherwise and beyond that4 ,all we can know of the ,very ,god is1 compared to ,his ,wholeness1 only as an infinitesimal fraction of a unit1 compared with an infinity of ,units4 ,in the ,world of ,creation1 which is that of ,second ,causes the ,kabalistic ,world ,,briah1 the ,autocracy of the ,first ,principle is complete1 but we conceive of it only as the ,cause of the ,second ,causes4 ,here it is manifested by the ,binary1 and is the ,creative ,principle passive4 ,finally3 in the third world1 ,,yezirah1 or of ,formation1 it is revealed in the perfect ,form1 the ,form of ,forms1 the ,world1 the ,supreme ,beauty and ,excellence1 the ,created ,perfection4 ,thus the ,principle is at once the ,first1 the ,second1 and the ,third1 since it is ,all in ,all1 the ,centre and ,cause of all4 ,it is not the genius of ,plato that we here admire4 ,we recognize only the exact knowledge of the ,initiate4 ,the great ,apostle ,saint ,john did not borrow from the philosophy of ,plato the opening of his ,gospel4 ,plato1 on the contrary1 drank at the same springs with ,saint ,john and ,philo2 and ,john in the opening verses of his paraphrase1 states the first principles of a dogma common to many schools1 but in language especially belonging to ,philo1 whom it is evident he had read4 ,the philosophy of ,plato1 the greatest of human ,revealers1 could yearn toward the ,word made man2 the ,gospel alone could give him to the world4 ,doubt1 in presence of ,being and its harmonies2 skepticism1 in the face of the eternal mathematics and the immutable laws of ,life which make the ,divinity present and visible everywhere1 as the ,human is known and visible by its utterances of word and act1--is this not the most foolish of superstitions1 and the most inexcusable as well as the most dangerous of all credulities8 ,thought1 we know1 is not a result or consequence of the organization of matter1 of the chemical or other action or reaction of its particles1 like effervescence and gaseous explosions4 ,on the contrary1 the fact that ,thought is manifested and realized in act human or act divine1 proves the existence of an ,entity1 or ,unity1 that thinks4 ,and the ,universe is the ,infinite ,utterance of one of an infinite number of ,infinite ,thoughts1 which cannot but emanate from an ,infinite and ,thinking ,source4 ,the cause is always equal1 at least1 to the effect2 and matter cannot think1 nor could it cause itself1 or exist without cause1 nor could nothing produce either forces or things2 for in void nothingness no ,forces can inhere4 ,admit a self-existent ,force1 and its ,intelligence1 or an ,intelligent cause of it is admitted1 and at once ,,god ,is4 ,the ,hebrew allegory of the ,fall of ,man1 which is but a special variation of a universal legend1 symbolizes one of the grandest and most universal allegories of science4 ,moral ,evil is ,falsehood in actions2 as ,falsehood is ,crime in words4 ,injustice is the essence of ,falsehood2 and every false word is an injustice4 ,injustice is the death of the ,moral ,being1 as ,falsehood is the poison of the ,intelligence4 ,the perception of the ,light is the dawn of the ,eternal ,life1 in ,being4 ,the ,word of ,god1 which creates the ,light1 seems to be uttered by every ,intelligence that can take cognizance of ,forms and will look4 ,let the ,light ,,be6 ,the ,light1 in fact1 exists1 in its condition of splendor1 for those eyes alone that gaze at it2 and the ,soul1 amorous of the spectacle of the beauties of the ,universe1 and applying its attention to that luminous writing of the ,infinite ,book which is called ,the ,visible1 seems to utter1 as ,god did on the dawn of the first day1 that sublime and creative word1 ,,be6 ,,light6 ,it is not beyond the tomb1 but in life itself1 that we are to seek for the mysteries of death4 ,salvation or reprobation begins here below and the terrestrial world too has its ,heaven and its ,hell4 ,always1 even here below1 virtue is rewarded2 always1 even here below vice is punished2 and that which makes us sometimes believe in the impunity of evil-doers is that riches1 those instruments of good and of evil1 seem sometimes to be given them at hazard4 ,but woe to unjust men1 when they possess the key of gold6 ,it opens1 for them1 only the gate of the tomb and of ,hell4 ,all the true ,initiates have recognized the usefulness of toil and sorrow4 ,sorrow1 says a ,german poet1 is the dog of that unknown shepherd who guides the flock of men4 ,to learn to suffer1 to learn to die1 is the discipline of ,eternity1 the immortal ,novitiate4 ,the allegorical picture of ,cebes1 in which the ,divine ,comedy of ,dante was sketched in ,plato's time1 the description whereof has been preserved for us1 and which many painters of the middle age have reproduced by this description1 is a monument at once philosophical and magical4 ,it is a most complete moral synthesis1 and at the same time the most audacious demonstration ever given of the ,grand ,arcanum1 of that secret whose revelation would overturn ,earth and ,heaven4 ,let no one expect us to give them its explanation6 ,he who passes behind the veil that hides this mystery1 understands that it is in its very nature inexplicable1 and that it is death to those who win it by surprise1 as well as to him who reveals it4 ,this secret is the ,royalty of the ,sages1 the ,crown of the ,initiate whom we see redescend victorious from the summit of ,trials1 in the fine allegory of ,cebes4 ,the ,grand ,arcanum makes him master of gold and the light1 which are at bottom the same thing1 he has solved the problem of the quadrature of the circle1 he directs the perpetual movement1 and he possesses the philosophical stone4 ,here the ,adepts will understand us4 ,there is neither interruption in the toil of nature1 nor gap in her work4 ,the ,harmonies of ,heaven correspond to those of ,earth1 and the ,eternal ,life accomplishes its evolutions in accordance with the same laws as the life of a dog4 ,god has arranged all things by weight1 number1 and measure1 says the ,bible2 and this luminous doctrine was also that of ,plato4 ,humanity has never really had but one religion and one worship4 ,this universal light has had its uncertain mirages1 its deceitful reflections1 and its shadows2 but always1 after the nights of ,error1 we see it reappear1 one and pure like the ,sun4 ,the magnificences of worship are the life of religion1 and if ,christ wishes poor ministers1 ,his ,sovereign ,divinity does not wish paltry altars4 ,some ,protestants have not comprehended that worship is a teaching1 and that we must not create in the imagination of the multitude a mean or miserable ,god4 ,those oratories that resemble poorly-furnished offices or inns1 and those worthy ministers clad like notaries or lawyer's clerks1 do they not necessarily cause religion to be regarded as a mere puritanic formality1 and ,god as a ,justice of the ,peace8 ,we scoff at the ,augurs4 ,it is so easy to scoff1 and so difficult well to comprehend4 ,did the ,deity leave the whole world without ,light for two score centuries1 to illuminate only a little corner of ,palestine and a brutal1 ignorant1 and ungrateful people8 ,why always calumniate ,god and the ,sanctuary8 ,were there never any others than rogues among the priests8 ,could no honest and sincere men be found among the ,hierophants of ,ceres or ,diana1 of ,dionusos or ,apollo1 of ,hermes or ,mithras8 ,were these1 then1 all deceived1 like the rest8 ,who1 then1 constantly deceived them1 without betraying themselves1 during a series of centuries8--for the cheats are not immortal6 ,arago said1 that outside of the pure mathematics1 he who utters the word impossible1 is wanting in prudence and good sense4 ,the true name of ,satan1 the ,kabalists say1 is that of ,yahveh reversed2 for ,satan is not a black god1 but the negation of ,god4 ,the ,devil is the personification of ,atheism or ,idolatry4 ,for the ,initiates1 this is not a ,person1 but a ,force1 created for good1 but which may serve for evil4 ,it is the instrument of ,liberty or ,free ,will4 ,they represent this ,force1 which presides over the physical generation1 under the mythologic and horned form of the ,god ,,pan2 thence came the he-goat of the ,sabbat1 brother of the ,ancient ,serpent1 and the ,light-bearer or ,phosphor1 of which the poets have made the false ,lucifer of the legend4 ,gold1 to the eyes of the ,initiates1 is ,light condensed4 ,they style the sacred numbers of the ,kabalah golden numbers1 and the moral teachings of ,pythagoras his golden verses4 ,for the same reason1 a mysterious book of ,apuleius1 in which an ass figures largely1 was called ,the ,golden ,ass4 ,the ,pagans accused the ,christians of worshipping an ass1 and they did not invent this reproach1 but it came from the ,samaritan ,jews1 who1 figuring the data of the ,kabalah in regard to the ,divinity by ,egyptian symbols1 also represented the ,intelligence by the figure of the ,magical ,star adored under the name of ,remphan1 ,science under the emblem of ,anubis1 whose name they changed to ,nibbas1 and the vulgar faith or credulity under the figure of ,thartac1 a god represented with a book1 a cloak1 and the head of an ass4 ,according to the ,samaritan ,doctors1 ,christianity was the reign of ,thartac1 blind ,faith and vulgar credulity erected into a universal oracle1 and preferred to ,intelligence and ,science4 ,synesius1 ,bishop of ,ptolemas1 a great ,kabalist1 but of doubtful orthodoxy1 wrote3 ,the people will always mock at things easy to be misunderstood2 it must needs have impostures4 ,a ,spirit1 he said1 that loves wisdom and contemplates the ,truth close at hand1 is forced to disguise it1 to induce the multitudes to accept it4444 ,fictions are necessary to the people1 and the ,truth becomes deadly to those who are not strong enough to contemplate it in all its brilliance4 ,if the sacerdotal laws allowed the reservation of judgments and the allegory of words1 ,i would accept the proposed dignity on condition that ,i might be a philosopher at home1 and abroad a narrator of apologues and parables4444 ,in fact1 what can there be in common between the vile multitude and sublime wisdom8 ,the truth must be kept secret1 and the masses need a teaching proportioned to their imperfect reason4 ,moral disorders produce physical ugliness1 and in some sort realize those frightful faces which tradition assigns to the demons4 ,the first ,druids were the true children of the ,magi1 and their initiation came from ,egypt and ,chalda1 that is to say1 from the pure sources of the primitive ,kabalah4 ,they adored the ,trinity under the names of ,isis or ,hesus1 the ,supreme ,harmony2 of ,belen or ,bel which in ,assyrian means ,lord1 a name corresponding to that of ,,adona2 and of ,camul or ,camal1 a name that in the ,kabalah personifies the ,divine ,justice4 ,below this triangle of ,light they supposed a divine reflection1 also composed of three personified rays3 first1 ,teutates or ,teuth1 the same as the ,thoth of the ,egyptians1 the ,word1 or the ,intelligence formulated2 then ,force and ,beauty1 whose names varied like their emblems4 ,finally1 they completed the sacred ,septenary by a mysterious image that represented the progress of the dogma and its future realizations4 ,this was a young girl veiled1 holding a child in her arms2 and they dedicated this image to ,the ,virgin who will become a mother2--,virgini paritur4 ,hertha or ,wertha1 the young ,isis of ,gaul1 ,queen of ,heaven1 the ,virgin who was to bear a child1 held the spindle of the ,fates1 filled with wool half white and half black2 because she presides over all forms and all symbols1 and weaves the garment of the ,ideas4 ,one of the most mysterious pantacles of the ,kabalah1 contained in the ,enchiridion of ,leo ,,iii41 represents an equilateral triangle reversed1 inscribed in a double circle4 ,on the triangle are written1 in such manner as to form the prophetic ,tau1 the two ,hebrew words so often found appended to the ,ineffable ,name1 ,hebrew3 and ,hebrew3 1 ,,alohayim1 or the ,powers1 and ,,tsabaoth1 or the starry ,armies and their guiding spirits2 words also which symbolize the ,equilibrium of the ,forces of ,nature and the ,harmony of ,numbers4 ,to the three sides of the triangle belong the three great ,names ,hebrew3 11 and ,hebrew3 1 ,,iahaveh1 ,,adona1 and ,,agla4 ,above the first is written in ,latin1 ,formatio1 above1 the second ,reformatio1 and above the third1 ,transformatio4 ,so ,creation is ascribed to the ,,father1 ,redemption or ,reformation to the ,,son1 and ,sanctification or ,transformation to the ,,holy ,,spirit1 answering unto the mathematical laws of ,action1 ,reaction1 and ,equilibrium4 ,,iahaveh is also1 in effect1 the ,genesis or ,formation of dogma1 by the elementary signification of the four letters of the ,sacred ,tetragram2 ,,adona is the realization of this dogma in the ,human ,form1 in the ,visible ,,lord1 who is the ,son of ,god or the perfect ,man2 and ,,agla 7formed of the initials of the four words ,ath ,gebur ,laulam ,adona7 expresses the synthesis of the whole dogma and the totality of the ,kabalistic science1 clearly indicating by the hieroglyphics of which this admirable name is formed the ,triple ,secret of the ,great ,work4 ,masonry1 like all the ,religions1 all the ,mysteries1 ,hermeticism and ,alchemy1 conceals its secrets from all except the ,adepts and ,sages1 or the ,elect1 and uses false explanations and misinterpretations of its symbols to mislead those who deserve only to be misled2 to conceal the ,truth1 which it calls ,light1 from them1 and to draw them away from it4 ,truth is not for those who are unworthy or unable to receive it1 or would pervert it4 ,so ,god ,himself incapacitates many men1 by color-blindness1 to distinguish colors1 and leads the masses away from the highest ,truth1 giving them the power to attain only so much of it as it is profitable to them to know4 ,every age has had a religion suited to its capacity4 ,the ,teachers1 even of ,christianity1 are1 in general1 the most ignorant of the true meaning of that which they teach4 ,there is no book of which so little is known as the ,bible4 ,to most who read it1 it is as incomprehensible as the ,sohar4 ,so ,masonry jealously conceals its secrets1 and intentionally leads conceited interpreters astray4 ,there is no sight under the sun more pitiful and ludicrous at once1 than the spectacle of the ,prestons and the ,webbs1 not to mention the later incarnations of ,dullness and ,commonplace1 undertaking to explain the old symbols of ,masonry1 and adding to and improving them1 or inventing new ones4 ,to the ,circle inclosing the central point1 and itself traced between two parallel lines1 a figure purely ,kabalistic1 these persons have added the superimposed ,bible1 and even reared on that the ladder with three or nine rounds1 and then given a vapid interpretation of the whole1 so profoundly absurd as actually to excite admiration4 ,illustration ,,iv4 ,,secret ,,master4 ,masonry is a succession of allegories1 the mere vehicles of great lessons in morality and philosophy4 ,you will more fully appreciate its spirit1 its object1 its purposes1 as you advance in the different ,degrees1 which you will find to constitute a great1 complete1 and harmonious system4 ,if you have been disappointed in the first three ,degrees1 as you have received them1 and if it has seemed to you that the performance has not come up to the promise1 that the lessons of morality are not new1 and the scientific instruction is but rudimentary1 and the symbols are imperfectly explained1 remember that the ceremonies and lessons of those ,degrees have been for ages more and more accommodating themselves1 by curtailment and sinking into commonplace1 to the often limited memory and capacity of the ,master and ,instructor1 and to the intellect and needs of the ,pupil and ,initiate2 that they have come to us from an age when symbols were used1 not to reveal but to conceal2 when the commonest learning was confined to a select few1 and the simplest principles of morality seemed newly discovered truths2 and that these antique and simple ,degrees now stand like the broken columns of a roofless ,druidic temple1 in their rude and mutilated greatness2 in many parts1 also1 corrupted by time1 and disfigured by modern additions and absurd interpretations4 ,they are but the entrance to the great ,masonic ,temple1 the triple columns of the portico4 ,you have taken the first step over its threshold1 the first step toward the inner sanctuary and heart of the temple4 ,you are in the path that leads up the slope of the mountain of ,truth2 and it depends upon your secrecy1 obedience1 and fidelity1 whether you will advance or remain stationary4 ,imagine not that you will become indeed a ,mason by learning what is commonly called the work1 or even by becoming familiar with our traditions4 ,masonry has a history1 a literature1 a philosophy4 ,its allegories and traditions will teach you much2 but much is to be sought elsewhere4 ,the streams of learning that now flow full and broad must be followed to their heads in the springs that well up in the remote past1 and you will there find the origin and meaning of ,masonry4 ,a few rudimentary lessons in architecture1 a few universally admitted maxims of morality1 a few unimportant traditions1 whose real meaning is unknown or misunderstood1 will no longer satisfy the earnest inquirer after ,masonic truth4 ,let whoso is content with these1 seek to climb no higher4 ,he who desires to understand the harmonious and beautiful proportions of ,freemasonry must read1 study1 reflect1 digest1 and discriminate4 ,the true ,mason is an ardent seeker after knowledge2 and he knows that both books and the antique symbols of ,masonry are vessels which come down to us full-freighted with the intellectual riches of the ,past2 and that in the lading of these argosies is much that sheds light on the history of ,masonry1 and proves its claim to be acknowledged the benefactor of mankind1 born in the very cradle of the race4 ,knowledge is the most genuine and real of human treasures2 for it is ,light1 as ,ignorance is ,darkness4 ,it is the development of the human soul1 and its acquisition the growth of the soul1 which at the birth of man knows nothing1 and therefore1 in one sense1 may be said to be nothing4 ,it is the seed1 which has in it the power to grow1 to acquire1 and by acquiring to be developed1 as the seed is developed into the shoot1 the plant1 the tree4 ,we need not pause at the common argument that by learning man excelleth man1 in that wherein man excelleth beasts2 that by learning man ascendeth to the heavens and their motions1 where in body he cannot come1 and the like4 ,let us rather regard the dignity and excellency of knowledge and learning in that whereunto man's nature doth most aspire1 which is immortality or continuance4 ,for to this tendeth generation1 and raising of ,houses and ,families2 to this buildings1 foundations1 and monuments2 to this tendeth the desire of memory1 fame1 and celebration1 and in effect the strength of all other human desires4 ,that our influences shall survive us1 and be living forces when we are in our graves2 and not merely that our names shall be remembered2 but rather that our works shall be read1 our acts spoken of1 our names recollected and mentioned when we are dead1 as evidences that those influences live and rule1 sway and control some portion of mankind and of the world1--this is the aspiration of the human soul4 ,we see then how far the monuments of genius and learning are more durable than monuments of power or of the hands4 ,for have not the verses of ,homer continued twenty-five hundred years or more1 without the loss of a syllable or letter1 during which time infinite palaces1 temples1 castles1 cities1 have decayed and been demolished8 ,it is not possible to have the true pictures or statues of ,cyrus1 ,alexander1 ,caesar1 no1 nor of the ,kings or great personages of much later years2 for the originals cannot last1 and the copies cannot but lose of the life and truth4 ,but the images of men's genius and knowledge remain in books1 exempted from the wrong of time1 and capable of perpetual renovation4 ,neither are they fitly to be called images1 because they generate still1 and cast their seeds in the minds of others1 provoking and causing infinite actions and opinions in succeeding ages2 so that if the invention of the ship was thought so noble1 which carrieth riches and commodities from place to place1 and consociateth the most remote regions in participation of their fruits1 how much more are letters to be magnified1 which1 as ships1 pass through the vast seas of time1 and make ages so distant to participate of the wisdom1 illumination1 and inventions1 the one of the other4 ,to learn1 to attain knowledge1 to be wise1 is a necessity for every truly noble soul2 to teach1 to communicate that knowledge1 to share that wisdom with others1 and not churlishly to lock up his exchequer1 and place a sentinel at the door to drive away the needy1 is equally an impulse of a noble nature1 and the worthiest work of man4 ,there was a little city1 says the ,preacher1 the son of ,david1 and few men within it2 and there came a great ,king against it and besieged it1 and built great bulwarks against it4 ,now there was found1 in it a poor wise man1 and he by his wisdom delivered the city2 yet no man remembered that same poor man4 ,then1 said ,i1 wisdom is better than strength3 nevertheless1 the poor man's wisdom is despised1 and his words are not heard4 ,if it should chance to you1 my brother1 to do mankind good service1 and be rewarded with indifference and forgetfulness only1 still be not discouraged1 but remember the further advice of the wise ,king4 ,in the morning sow the seed1 and in the evening withhold not thy hand2 for thou knowest not which shall prosper1 this or that1 or whether both shall be alike good4 ,sow you the seed1 whoever reaps4 ,learn1 that you may be enabled to do good and do so because it is right1 finding in the act itself ample reward and recompense4 ,to attain the truth1 and to serve our fellows1 our country1 and mankind--this is the noblest destiny of man4 ,hereafter and all your life it is to be your object4 ,if you desire to ascend to that destiny1 advance6 ,if you have other and less noble objects1 and are contented with a lower flight1 halt here6 let others scale the heights1 and ,masonry fulfill her mission4 ,if you will advance1 gird up your loins for the struggle6 for the way is long and toilsome4 ,pleasure1 all smiles1 will beckon you on the one hand1 and ,indolence will invite you to sleep among the flowers1 upon the other4 ,prepare1 by secrecy1 obedience1 and fidelity1 to resist the allurements of both6 ,secrecy is indispensable in a ,mason of whatever ,degree4 ,it is the first and almost the only lesson taught to the ,entered ,apprentice4 ,the obligations which we have each assumed toward every ,mason that lives1 requiring of us the performance of the most serious and onerous duties toward those personally unknown to us until they demand our aid1--duties that must be performed1 even at the risk of life1 or our solemn oaths be broken and violated1 and we be branded as false ,masons and faithless men1 teach us how profound a folly it would be to betray our secrets to those who1 bound to us by no tie of common obligation1 might1 by obtaining them1 call on us in their extremity1 when the urgency of the occasion should allow us no time for inquiry1 and the peremptory mandate of our obligation compel us to do a brother's duty to a base impostor4 ,the secrets of our brother1 when communicated to us1 must be sacred1 if they be such as the law of our country warrants us to keep4 ,we are required to keep none other1 when the law that we are called on to obey is indeed a law1 by having emanated from the only source of power1 the ,people4 ,edicts which emanate from the mere arbitrary will of a despotic power1 contrary to the law of ,god or the ,great ,law of ,nature1 destructive of the inherent rights of man1 violative of the right of free thought1 free speech1 free conscience1 it is lawful to rebel against and strive to abrogate4 ,for obedience to the ,law does not mean submission to tyranny2 nor that1 by a profligate sacrifice of every noble feeling1 we should offer to despotism the homage of adulation4 ,as every new victim falls1 we may lift our voice in still louder flattery4 ,we may fall at the proud feet1 we may beg1 as a boon1 the honor of kissing that bloody hand which has been lifted against the helpless4 ,we may do more3 we may bring the altar and the sacrifice1 and implore the ,god not to ascend too soon to ,heaven4 ,this we may do1 for this we have the sad remembrance that beings of a human form and soul have done4 ,but this is all we can do4 ,we can constrain our tongues to be false1 our features to bend themselves to the semblance of that passionate adoration which we wish to express1 our knees to fall prostrate2 but our heart we cannot constrain4 ,there virtue must still have a voice which is not to be drowned by hymns and acclamations2 there the crimes which we laud as virtues1 are crimes still1 and he whom we have made a ,god is the most contemptible of mankind2 if1 indeed1 we do not feel1 perhaps1 that we are ourselves still more contemptible4 ,but that law which is the fair expression of the will and judgment of the people1 is the enactment of the whole and of every individual4 ,consistent with the law of ,god and the great law of nature1 consistent with pure and abstract right as tempered by necessity and the general interest1 as contra-distinguished from the private interest of individuals1 it is obligatory upon all1 because it is the work of all1 the will of all1 the solemn judgment of all1 from which there is no appeal4 ,in this ,degree1 my brother1 you are especially to learn the duty of obedience to that law4 ,there is one true and original law1 conformable to reason and to nature1 diffused over all1 invariable1 eternal1 which calls to the fulfillment of duty1 and to abstinence from injustice1 and calls with that irresistible voice which is felt in all its authority wherever it is heard4 ,this law cannot be abrogated or diminished1 or its sanctions affected1 by any law of man4 ,a whole senate1 a whole people1 cannot dissent from its paramount obligation4 ,it requires no commentator to render it distinctly intelligible3 nor is it one thing at ,rome1 another at ,athens2 one thing now1 and another in the ages to come2 but in all times and in all nations1 it is1 and has been1 and will be1 one and everlasting2--one as that ,god1 its great ,author and ,promulgator1 who is the ,common ,sovereign of all mankind1 is ,himself ,one4 ,no man can disobey it without flying1 as it were1 from his own bosom1 and repudiating his nature2 and in this very act he will inflict on himself the severest of retributions1 even though he escape what is regarded as punishment4 ,it is our duty to obey the laws of our country1 and to be careful that prejudice or passion1 fancy or affection1 error and illusion1 be not mistaken for conscience4 ,nothing is more usual than to pretend conscience in all the actions of man which are public and cannot be concealed4 ,the disobedient refuse to submit to the laws1 and they also in many cases pretend conscience2 and so disobedience and rebellion become conscience1 in which there is neither knowledge nor revelation1 nor truth nor charity1 nor reason nor religion4 ,conscience is tied to laws4 ,right or sure conscience is right reason reduced to practice1 and conducting moral actions1 while perverse conscience is seated in the fancy or affections--a heap of irregular principles and irregular defects--and is the same in conscience as deformity is in the body1 or peevishness in the affections4 ,it is not enough that the conscience be taught by nature2 but it must be taught by ,god1 conducted by reason1 made operative by discourse1 assisted by choice1 instructed by laws and sober principles2 and then it is right1 and it may be sure4 ,all the general measures of justice1 are the laws of ,god1 and therefore they constitute the general rules of government for the conscience2 but necessity also hath a large voice in the arrangement of human affairs1 and the disposal of human relations1 and the dispositions of human laws2 and these general measures1 like a great river into little streams1 are deduced into little rivulets and particularities1 by the laws and customs1 by the sentences and agreements of men1 and by the absolute despotism of necessity1 that will not allow perfect and abstract justice and equity to be the sole rule of civil government in an imperfect world2 and that must needs be law which is for the greatest good of the greatest number4 ,when thou vowest a vow unto ,god1 defer not to pay it4 ,it is better thou shouldest not vow than thou shouldest vow and not pay4 ,be not rash with thy mouth1 and let not thine heart be hasty to utter anything before ,god3 for ,god is in ,heaven1 and thou art upon earth2 therefore let thy words be few4 ,weigh well what it is you promise2 but once the promise and pledge are given remember that he who is false to his obligation will be false to his family1 his friends1 his country1 and his ,god4 ,fides servanda est3 ,faith plighted is ever to be kept1 was a maxim and an axiom even among pagans4 ,the virtuous ,roman said1 either let not that which seems expedient be base1 or if it be base1 let it not seem expedient4 ,what is there which that so-called expediency can bring1 so valuable as that which it takes away1 if it deprives you of the name of a good man and robs you of your integrity and honor8 ,in all ages1 he who violates his plighted word has been held unspeakably base4 ,the word of a ,mason1 like the word of a knight in the times of chivalry1 once given must be sacred2 and the judgment of his brothers1 upon him who violates his pledge1 should be stern as the judgments of the ,roman ,censors against him who violated his oath4 ,good faith is revered among ,masons as it was among the ,romans1 who placed its statue in the capitol1 next to that of ,jupiter ,maximus ,optimus2 and we1 like them1 hold that calamity should always be chosen rather than baseness2 and with the knights of old1 that one should always die rather than be dishonored4 ,be faithful1 therefore1 to the promises you make1 to the pledges you give1 and to the vows that you assume1 since to break either is base and dishonorable4 ,be faithful to your family1 and perform all the duties of a good father1 a good son1 a good husband1 and a good brother4 ,be faithful to your friends2 for true friendship is of a nature not only to survive through all the vicissitudes of life1 but to continue through an endless duration2 not only to stand the shock of conflicting opinions1 and the roar of a revolution that shakes the world1 but to last when the heavens are no more1 and to spring fresh from the ruins of the universe4 ,be faithful to your country1 and prefer its dignity and honor to any degree of popularity and honor for yourself2 consulting its interest rather than your own1 and rather than the pleasure and gratification of the people1 which are often at variance with their welfare4 ,be faithful to ,masonry1 which is to be faithful to the best interests of mankind4 ,labor1 by precept and example1 to elevate the standard of ,masonic character1 to enlarge its sphere of influence1 to popularize its teachings1 and to make all men know it for the ,great ,apostle of ,peace1 ,harmony1 and ,good-will on earth among men2 of ,liberty1 ,equality1 and ,fraternity4 ,masonry is useful to all men3 to the learned1 because it affords them the opportunity of exercising their talents upon subjects eminently worthy of their attention2 to the illiterate1 because it offers them important instruction2 to the young1 because it presents them with salutary precepts and good examples1 and accustoms them to reflect on the proper mode of living2 to the man of the world1 whom it furnishes with noble and useful recreation2 to the traveller1 whom it enables to find friends and brothers in countries where else he would be isolated and solitary2 to the worthy man in misfortune1 to whom it gives assistance2 to the afflicted1 on whom it lavishes consolation2 to the charitable man1 whom it enables to do more good1 by uniting with those who are charitable like himself2 and to all who have souls capable of appreciating its importance1 and of enjoying the charms of a friendship founded on the same principles of religion1 morality1 and philanthropy4 ,a ,freemason1 therefore1 should be a man of honor and of conscience1 preferring his duty to everything beside1 even to his life2 independent in his opinions1 and of good morals2 submissive to the laws1 devoted to humanity1 to his country1 to his family2 kind and indulgent to his brethren1 friend of all virtuous men1 and ready to assist his fellows by all means in his power4 ,thus will you be faithful to yourself1 to your fellows1 and to ,god1 and thus will you do honor to the name and rank of ,,secret ,,master2 which1 like other ,masonic honors1 degrades if it is not deserved4 ,illustration ,illustration ,v4 ,,perfect ,,master4 ,the ,master ,khrm was an industrious and an honest man4 ,what he was employed to do he did diligently1 and he did it well and faithfully4 ,he received no wages that were not his due4 ,industry and honesty are the virtues peculiarly inculcated in this ,degree4 ,they are common and homely virtues2 but not for that beneath our notice4 ,as the bees do not love or respect the drones1 so ,masonry neither loves nor respects the idle and those who live by their wits2 and least of all those parasitic acari that live upon themselves4 ,for those who are indolent are likely to become dissipated and vicious2 and perfect honesty1 which ought to be the common qualification of all1 is more rare than diamonds4 ,to do earnestly and steadily1 and to do faithfully and honestly that which we have to do--perhaps this wants but little1 when looked at from every point of view1 of including the whole body of the moral law2 and even in their commonest and homeliest application1 these virtues belong to the character of a ,perfect ,master4 ,idleness is the burial of a living man4 ,for an idle person is so useless to any purposes of ,god and man1 that he is like one who is dead1 unconcerned in the changes and necessities of the world2 and he only lives to spend his time1 and eat the fruits of the earth4 ,like a vermin or a wolf1 when his time comes1 he dies and perishes1 and in the meantime is nought4 ,he neither ploughs nor carries burdens3 all that he does is either unprofitable or mischievous4 ,it is a vast work that any man may do1 if he never be idle3 and it is a huge way that a man may go in virtue1 if he never go out of his way by a vicious habit or a great crime3 and he who perpetually reads good books1 if his parts be answerable1 will have a huge stock of knowledge4 ,st4 ,ambrose1 and from his example1 ,st4 ,augustine1 divided every day into these tertias of employment3 eight hours they spent in the necessities of nature and recreation3 eight hours in charity1 in doing assistance to others1 dispatching their business1 reconciling their enmities1 reproving their vices1 correcting their errors1 instructing their ignorance1 and in transacting the affairs of their dioceses2 and the other eight hours they spent in study and prayer4 ,we think1 at the age of twenty1 that life is much too long for that which we have to learn and do2 and that there is an almost fabulous distance between our age and that of our grandfather4 ,but when1 at the age of sixty1 if we are fortunate enough to reach it1 or unfortunate enough1 as the case may be1 and according as we have profitably invested or wasted our time1 we halt1 and look back along the way we have come1 and cast up and endeavor to balance our accounts with time and opportunity1 we find that we have made life much too short1 and thrown away a huge portion of our time4 ,then we1 in our mind1 deduct from the sum total of our years the hours that we have needlessly passed in sleep2 the working-hours each day1 during which the surface of the mind's sluggish pool has not been stirred or ruffled by a single thought2 the days that we have gladly got rid of1 to attain some real or fancied object that lay beyond1 in the way between us and which stood irksomely the intervening days2 the hours worse than wasted in follies and dissipation1 or misspent in useless and unprofitable studies2 and we acknowledge1 with a sigh1 that we could have learned and done1 in half a score of years well spent1 more than we have done in all our forty years of manhood4 ,to learn and to do6--this is the soul's work here below4 ,the soul grows as truly as an oak grows4 ,as the tree takes the carbon of the air1 the dew1 the rain1 and the light1 and the food that the earth supplies to its roots1 and by its mysterious chemistry transmutes them into sap and fibre1 into wood and leaf1 and flower and fruit1 and color and perfume1 so the soul imbibes knowledge and by a divine alchemy changes what it learns into its own substance1 and grows from within outwardly with an inherent force and power like those that lie hidden in the grain of wheat4 ,the soul hath its senses1 like the body1 that may be cultivated1 enlarged1 refined1 as itself grows in stature and proportion2 and he who cannot appreciate a fine painting or statue1 a noble poem1 a sweet harmony1 a heroic thought1 or a disinterested action1 or to whom the wisdom of philosophy is but foolishness and babble1 and the loftiest truths of less importance than the price of stocks or cotton1 or the elevation of baseness to office1 merely lives on the level of commonplace1 and fitly prides himself upon that inferiority of the soul's senses1 which is the inferiority and imperfect development of the soul itself4 ,to sleep little1 and to study much2 to say little1 and to hear and think much2 to learn1 that we may be able to do1 and then to do1 earnestly and vigorously1 whatever may be required of us by duty1 and by the good of our fellows1 our country1 and mankind1--these are the duties of every ,mason who desires to imitate the ,master ,khrm4 ,the duty of a ,mason as an honest man is plain and easy4 ,it requires of us honesty in contracts1 sincerity in affirming1 simplicity in bargaining1 and faithfulness in performing4 ,lie not at all1 neither in a little thing nor in a great1 neither in the substance nor in the circumstance1 neither in word nor deed3 that is1 pretend not what is false2 cover not what is true2 and let the measure of your affirmation or denial be the understanding of your contractor2 for he who deceives the buyer or the seller by speaking what is true1 in a sense not intended or understood by the other1 is a liar and a thief4 ,a ,perfect ,master must avoid that which deceives1 equally with that which is false4 ,let your prices be according to that measure of good and evil which is established in the fame and common accounts of the wisest and most merciful men1 skilled in that manufacture or commodity2 and the gain such1 which1 without scandal1 is allowed to persons in all the same circumstances4 ,in intercourse with others1 do not do all which thou mayest lawfully do2 but keep something within thy power2 and1 because there is a latitude of gain in buying and selling1 take not thou the utmost penny that is lawful1 or which thou thinkest so2 for although it be lawful1 yet it is not safe2 and he who gains all that he can gain lawfully1 this year1 will possibly be tempted1 next year1 to gain something unlawfully4 ,let no man1 for his own poverty1 become more oppressing and cruel in his bargain2 but quietly1 modestly1 diligently1 and patiently recommend his estate to ,god1 and follow his interest1 and leave the success to ,him4 ,detain not the wages of the hireling2 for every degree of detention of it beyond the time1 is injustice and uncharitableness1 and grinds his face till tears and blood come out2 but pay him exactly according to covenant1 or according to his needs4 ,religiously keep all promises and covenants1 though made to your disadvantage1 though afterward you perceive you might have done better2 and let not any precedent act of yours be altered by any after-accident4 ,let nothing make you break your promise1 unless it be unlawful or impossible2 that is1 either out of your nature or out of your civil power1 yourself being under the power of another2 or that it be intolerably inconvenient to yourself1 and of no advantage to another2 or that you have leave expressed or reasonably presumed4 ,let no man take wages or fees for a work that he cannot do1 or cannot with probability undertake2 or in some sense profitably1 and with ease1 or with advantage manage4 ,let no man appropriate to his own use1 what ,god1 by a special mercy1 or the ,republic1 hath made common2 for that is against both ,justice and ,charity4 ,that any man should be the worse for us1 and for our direct act1 and by our intention1 is against the rule of equity1 of justice1 and of charity4 ,we then do not that to others1 which we would have done to ourselves2 for we grow richer upon the ruins of their fortune4 ,it is not honest to receive anything from another without returning him an equivalent therefor4 ,the gamester who wins the money of another is dishonest4 ,there should be no such thing as bets and gaming among ,masons3 for no honest man should desire that for nothing which belongs to another4 ,the merchant who sells an inferior article for a sound price1 the speculator who makes the distresses and needs of others fill his exchequer are neither fair nor honest1 but base1 ignoble1 unfit for immortality4 ,it should be the earnest desire of every ,perfect ,master so to live and deal and act1 that when it comes to him to die1 he may be able to say1 and his conscience to adjudge1 that no man on earth is poorer1 because he is richer2 that what he hath he has honestly earned1 and no man can go before ,god1 and claim that by the rules of equity administered in ,his great chancery1 this house in which we die1 this land we devise to our heirs1 this money that enriches those who survive to bear our name1 is his and not ours1 and we in that forum are only his trustees4 ,for it is most certain that ,god is just1 and will sternly enforce every such trust2 and that to all whom we despoil1 to all whom we defraud1 to all from whom we take or win anything whatever1 without fair consideration and equivalent1 ,he will decree a full and adequate compensation4 ,be careful1 then1 that thou receive no wages1 here or elsewhere1 that are not thy due6 ,for if thou dost1 thou wrongst some one1 by taking that which in ,god's chancery belongs to him2 and whether that which thou takest thus be wealth1 or rank1 or influence1 or reputation or affection1 thou wilt surely be held to make full satisfaction4 ,illustration ,illustration ,,vi4 ,,intimate ,,secretary4 ,confidential ,secretary4 ,you are especially taught in this ,degree to be zealous and faithful2 to be disinterested and benevolent2 and to act the peacemaker1 in case of dissensions1 disputes1 and quarrels among the brethren4 ,duty is the moral magnetism which controls and guides the true ,mason's course over the tumultuous seas of life4 ,whether the stars of honor1 reputation1 and reward do or do not shine1 in the light of day or in the darkness of the night of trouble and adversity1 in calm or storm1 that unerring magnet still shows him the true course to steer1 and indicates with certainty where-away lies the port which not to reach involves shipwreck and dishonor4 ,he follows its silent bidding1 as the mariner1 when land is for many days not in sight1 and the ocean without path or landmark spreads out all around him1 follows the bidding of the needle1 never doubting that it points truly to the north4 ,to perform that duty1 whether the performance be rewarded or unrewarded1 is his sole care4 ,and it doth not matter1 though of this performance there may be no witnesses1 and though what he does will be forever unknown to all mankind4 ,a little consideration will teach us that ,fame has other limits than mountains and oceans2 and that he who places happiness in the frequent repetition of his name1 may spend his life in propagating it1 without any danger of weeping for new worlds1 or necessity of passing the ,atlantic sea4 ,if1 therefore1 he who imagines the world to be filled with his actions and praises1 shall subduct from the number of his encomiasts all those who are placed below the flight of fame1 and who hear in the valley of life no voice but that of necessity2 all those who imagine themselves too important to regard him1 and consider the mention of his name as a usurpation of their time2 all who are too much or too little pleased with themselves to attend to anything external2 all who are attracted by pleasure1 or chained down by pain to unvaried ideas2 all who are withheld from attending his triumph by different pursuits2 and all who slumber in universal negligence2 he will find his renown straitened by nearer bounds than the rocks of ,caucasus2 and perceive that no man can be venerable or formidable1 but to a small part of his fellow-creatures4 ,and therefore1 that we may not languish in our endeavors after excellence1 it is necessary that1 as ,africanus counsels his descendants1 we raise our eyes to higher prospects1 and contemplate our future and eternal state1 without giving up our hearts to the praise of crowds1 or fixing our hopes on such rewards as human power can bestow4 ,we are not born for ourselves alone2 and our country claims her share1 and our friends their share of us4 ,as all that the earth produces is created for the use of man1 so men are created for the sake of men1 that they may mutually do good to one another4 ,in this we ought to take nature for our guide1 and throw into the public stock the offices of general utility1 by a reciprocation of duties2 sometimes by receiving1 sometimes by giving1 and sometimes to cement human society by arts1 by industry1 and by our resources4 ,suffer others to be praised in thy presence1 and entertain their good and glory with delight2 but at no hand disparage them1 or lessen the report1 or make an objection2 and think not the advancement of thy brother is a lessening of thy worth4 ,upbraid no man's weakness to him to discomfit him1 neither report it to disparage him1 neither delight to remember it to lessen him1 or to set thyself above him2 nor ever praise thyself or dispraise any man else1 unless some sufficient worthy end do hallow it4 ,remember that we usually disparage others upon slight grounds and little instances2 and if a man be highly commended1 we think him sufficiently lessened1 if we can but charge one sin of folly or inferiority in his account4 ,we should either be more severe to ourselves1 or less so to others1 and consider that whatsoever good any one can think or say of us1 we can tell him of many unworthy and foolish and perhaps worse actions of ours1 any one of which1 done by another1 would be enough1 with us1 to destroy his reputation4 ,if we think the people wise and sagacious1 and just and appreciative1 when they praise and make idols of us1 let us not call them unlearned and ignorant1 and ill and stupid judges1 when our neighbor is cried up by public fame and popular noises4 ,every man hath in his own life sins enough1 in his own mind trouble enough1 in his own fortunes evil enough1 and in performance of his offices failings more than enough1 to entertain his own inquiry2 so that curiosity after the affairs of others cannot be without envy and an ill mind4 ,the generous man will be solicitous and inquisitive into the beauty and order of a well-governed family1 and after the virtues of an excellent person2 but anything for which men keep locks and bars1 or that blushes to see the light1 or that is either shameful in manner or private in nature1 this thing will not be his care and business4 ,it should be objection sufficient to exclude any man from the society of ,masons1 that he is not disinterested and generous1 both in his acts1 and in his opinions of men1 and his constructions of their conduct4 ,he who is selfish and grasping1 or censorious and ungenerous1 will not long remain within the strict limits of honesty and truth1 but will shortly commit injustice4 ,he who loves himself too much must needs love others too little2 and he who habitually gives harsh judgment will not long delay to give unjust judgment4 ,the generous man is not careful to return no more than he receives2 but prefers that the balances upon the ledgers of benefits shall be in his favor4 ,he who hath received pay in full for all the benefits and favors that he has conferred1 is like a spendthrift who has consumed his whole estate1 and laments over an empty exchequer4 ,he who requites my favors with ingratitude adds to1 instead of diminishing1 my wealth2 and he who cannot return a favor is equally poor1 whether his inability arises from poverty of spirit1 sordidness of soul1 or pecuniary indigence4 ,if he is wealthy who hath large sums invested1 and the mass of whose fortune consists in obligations that bind other men to pay him money1 he is still more so to whom many owe large returns of kindnesses and favors4 ,beyond a moderate sum each year1 the wealthy man merely invests his means3 and that which he never uses is still like favors unreturned and kindnesses unreciprocated1 an actual and real portion of his fortune4 ,generosity and a liberal spirit make men to be humane and genial1 open-hearted1 frank1 and sincere1 earnest to do good1 easy and contented1 and well-wishers of mankind4 ,they protect the feeble against the strong1 and the defenceless against rapacity and craft4 ,they succor and comfort the poor1 and are the guardians1 under ,god1 of his innocent and helpless wards4 ,they value friends more than riches or fame1 and gratitude more than money or power4 ,they are noble by ,god's patent1 and their escutcheons and quarterings are to be found in heaven's great book of heraldry4 ,nor can any man any more be a ,mason than he can be a gentleman1 unless he is generous1 liberal1 and disinterested4 ,to be liberal1 but only of that which is our own2 to be generous1 but only when we have first been just2 to give1 when to give deprives us of a luxury or a comfort1 this is ,masonry indeed4 ,he who is worldly1 covetous1 or sensual must change before he can be a good ,mason4 ,if we are governed by inclination and not by duty2 if we are unkind1 severe1 censorious1 or injurious1 in the relations or intercourse of life2 if we are unfaithful parents or undutiful children2 if we are harsh masters or faithless servants2 if we are treacherous friends or bad neighbors or bitter competitors or corrupt unprincipled politicians or overreaching dealers in business1 we are wandering at a great distance from the true ,masonic light4 ,masons must be kind and affectionate one to another4 ,frequenting the same temples1 kneeling at the same altars1 they should feel that respect and that kindness for each other1 which their common relation and common approach to one ,god should inspire4 ,there needs to be much more of the spirit of the ancient fellowship among us2 more tenderness for each other's faults1 more forgiveness1 more solicitude for each other's improvement and good fortune2 somewhat of brotherly feeling1 that it be not shame to use the word brother4 ,nothing should be allowed to interfere with that kindness and affection3 neither the spirit of business1 absorbing1 eager1 and overreaching1 ungenerous and hard in its dealings1 keen and bitter in its competitions1 low and sordid in its purposes2 nor that of ambition1 selfish1 mercenary1 restless1 circumventing1 living only in the opinion of others1 envious of the good fortune of others1 miserably vain of its own success1 unjust1 unscrupulous1 and slanderous4 ,he that does me a favor1 hath bound me to make him a return of thankfulness4 ,the obligation comes not by covenant1 nor by his own express intention2 but by the nature of the thing2 and is a duty springing up within the spirit of the obliged person1 to whom it is more natural to love his friend1 and to do good for good1 than to return evil for evil2 because a man may forgive an injury1 but he must never forget a good turn4 ,he that refuses to do good to them whom he is bound to love1 or to love that which did him good1 is unnatural and monstrous in his affections1 and thinks all the world born to minister to him2 with a greediness worse than that of the sea1 which1 although it receives all rivers into itself1 yet it furnishes the clouds and springs with a return of all they need4 ,our duty to those who are our benefactors is1 to esteem and love their persons1 to make them proportionable returns of service1 or duty1 or profit1 according as we can1 or as they need1 or as opportunity presents itself2 and according to the greatness of their kindnesses4 ,the generous man cannot but regret to see dissensions and disputes among his brethren4 ,only the base and ungenerous delight in discord4 ,it is the poorest occupation of humanity to labor to make men think worse of each other1 as the press1 and too commonly the pulpit1 changing places with the hustings and the tribune1 do4 ,the duty of the ,mason is to endeavor to make man think better of his neighbor2 to quiet1 instead of aggravating difficulties2 to bring together those who are severed or estranged2 to keep friends from becoming foes1 and to persuade foes to become friends4 ,to do this1 he must needs control his own passions1 and be not rash and hasty1 nor swift to take offence1 nor easy to be angered4 ,for anger is a professed enemy to counsel4 ,it is a direct storm1 in which no man can be heard to speak or call from without2 for if you counsel gently1 you are disregarded2 if you urge it and be vehement1 you provoke it more4 ,it is neither manly nor ingenuous4 ,it makes marriage to be a necessary and unavoidable trouble2 friendships and societies and familiarities1 to be intolerable4 ,it multiplies the evils of drunkenness1 and makes the levities of wine to run into madness4 ,it makes innocent jesting to be the beginning of tragedies4 ,it turns friendship into hatred2 it makes a man lose himself1 and his reason and his argument1 in disputation4 ,it turns the desires of knowledge into an itch of wrangling4 ,it adds insolency to power4 ,it turns justice into cruelty1 and judgment into oppression4 ,it changes discipline into tediousness and hatred of liberal institution4 ,it makes a prosperous man to be envied1 and the unfortunate to be unpitied4 ,see1 therefore1 that first controlling your own temper1 and governing your own passions1 you fit yourself to keep peace and harmony among other men1 and especially the brethren4 ,above all remember that ,masonry is the realm of peace1 and that among ,masons there must be no dissension1 but only that noble emulation1 which can best work and best agree4 ,wherever there is strife and hatred among the brethren1 there is no ,masonry2 for ,masonry is ,peace1 and ,brotherly ,love1 and ,concord4 ,masonry is the great ,peace ,society of the world4 ,wherever it exists1 it struggles to prevent international difficulties and disputes2 and to bind ,republics1 ,kingdoms1 and ,empires together in one great band of peace and amity4 ,it would not so often struggle in vain1 if ,masons knew their power and valued their oaths4 ,who can sum up the horrors and woes accumulated in a single war8 ,masonry is not dazzled with all its pomp and circumstance1 all its glitter and glory4 ,war comes with its bloody hand into our very dwellings4 ,it takes from ten thousand homes those who lived there in peace and comfort1 held by the tender ties of family and kindred4 ,it drags them away1 to die untended1 of fever or exposure1 in infectious climes2 or to be hacked1 torn1 and mangled in the fierce fight2 to fall on the gory field1 to rise no more1 or to be borne away1 in awful agony1 to noisome and horrid hospitals4 ,the groans of the battle-field are echoed in sighs of bereavement from thousands of desolated hearths4 ,there is a skeleton in every house1 a vacant chair at every table4 ,returning1 the soldier brings worse sorrow to his home1 by the infection which he has caught1 of camp-vices4 ,the country is demoralized4 ,the national mind is brought down1 from the noble interchange of kind offices with another people1 to wrath and revenge1 and base pride1 and the habit of measuring brute strength against brute strength1 in battle4 ,treasures are expended1 that would suffice to build ten thousand churches1 hospitals1 and universities1 or rib and tie together a continent with rails of iron4 ,if that treasure were sunk in the sea1 it would be calamity enough2 but it is put to worse use2 for it is expended in cutting into the veins and arteries of human life1 until the earth is deluged with a sea of blood4 ,such are the lessons of this ,degree4 ,you have vowed to make them the rule1 the law1 and the guide of your life and conduct4 ,if you do so1 you will be entitled1 because fitted1 to advance in ,masonry4 ,if you do not1 you have already gone too far4 ,illustration ,illustration ,,vii4 ,,provost ,,and ,,judge4 ,the lesson which this ,degree inculcates is ,,justice1 in decision and judgment1 and in our intercourse and dealing with other men4 ,in a country where trial by jury is known1 every intelligent man is liable to be called on to act as a judge1 either of fact alone1 or of fact and law mingled2 and to assume the heavy responsibilities which belong to that character4 ,those who are invested with the power of judgment should judge the causes of all persons uprightly and impartially1 without any personal consideration of the power of the mighty1 or the bribe of the rich1 or the needs of the poor4 ,that is the cardinal rule1 which no one will dispute2 though many fail to observe it4 ,but they must do more4 ,they must divest themselves of prejudice and preconception4 ,they must hear patiently1 remember accurately1 and weigh carefully the facts and the arguments offered before them4 ,they must not leap hastily to conclusions1 nor form opinions before they have heard all4 ,they must not presume crime or fraud4 ,they must neither be ruled by stubborn pride of opinion1 nor be too facile and yielding to the views and arguments of others4 ,in deducing the motive from the proven act1 they must not assign to the act either the best or the worst motives1 but those which they would think it just and fair for the world to assign to it1 if they themselves had done it2 nor must they endeavor to make many little circumstances1 that weigh nothing separately1 weigh much together1 to prove their own acuteness and sagacity4 ,these are sound rules for every juror1 also1 to observe4 ,in our intercourse with others1 there are two kinds of injustice3 the first of those who offer an injury2 the second1 of those who have it in their power to avert an injury from those to whom it is offered1 and yet do it not4 ,so active injustice may be done in two ways--by force and by fraud1--of which force is lion-like1 and fraud fox-like1--both utterly repugnant to social duty1 but fraud the more detestable4 ,every wrong done by one man to another1 whether it affect his person1 his property1 his happiness1 or his reputation1 is an offense against the law of justice4 ,the field of this ,degree is therefore a wide and vast one2 and ,masonry seeks for the most impressive mode of enforcing the law of justice1 and the most effectual means of preventing wrong and injustice4 ,to this end it teaches this great and momentous truth3 that wrong and injustice once done cannot be undone2 but are eternal in their consequences2 once committed1 are numbered with the irrevocable ,past2 that the wrong that is done contains its own retributive penalty as surely and as naturally as the acorn contains the oak4 ,its consequences are its punishment2 it needs no other1 and can have no heavier2 they are involved in its commission1 and cannot be separated from it4 ,a wrong done to another is an injury done to our own ,nature1 an offence against our own souls1 a disfiguring of the image of the ,beautiful and ,good4 ,punishment is not the execution of a sentence1 but the occurrence of an effect4 ,it is ordained to follow guilt1 not by the decree of ,god as a judge1 but by a law enacted by ,him as the ,creator and ,legislator of the ,universe4 ,it is not an arbitrary and artificial annexation1 but an ordinary and logical consequence2 and therefore must be borne by the wrong-doer1 and through him may flow on to others4 ,it is the decision of the infinite justice of ,god1 in the form of law4 ,there can be no interference with1 or remittance of1 or protection from1 the natural effects of our wrongful acts4 ,god will not interpose between the cause and its consequence2 and in that sense there can be no forgiveness of sins4 ,the act which has debased our soul may be repented of1 may be turned from2 but the injury is done4 ,the debasement may be redeemed by after-efforts1 the stain obliterated by bitterer struggles and severer sufferings2 but the efforts and the endurance which might have raised the soul to the loftiest heights are now exhausted in merely regaining what it has lost4 ,there must always be a wide difference between him who only ceases to do evil1 and him who has always done well4 ,he will certainly be a far more scrupulous watcher over his conduct1 and far more careful of his deeds1 who believes that those deeds will inevitably bear their natural consequences1 exempt from after intervention1 than he who believes that penitence and pardon will at any time unlink the chain of sequences4 ,surely we shall do less wrong and injustice1 if the conviction is fixed and embedded in our souls that everything done is done irrevocably1 that even the ,omnipotence of ,god cannot uncommit a deed1 cannot make that undone which has been done2 that every act of ours must bear its allotted fruit1 according to the everlasting laws1--must remain forever ineffaceably inscribed on the tablets of ,universal ,nature4 ,if you have wronged another1 you may grieve1 repent1 and resolutely determine against any such weakness in future4 ,you may1 so far as it is possible1 make reparation4 ,it is well4 ,the injured party may forgive you1 according to the meaning of human language2 but the deed is done2 and all the powers of ,nature1 were they to conspire in your behalf1 could not make it undone2 the consequences to the body1 the consequences to the soul1 though no man may perceive them1 are there1 are written in the annals of the ,past1 and must reverbrate throughout all time4 ,repentance for a wrong done1 bears1 like every other act1 its own fruit1 the fruit of purifying the heart and amending the ,future1 but not of effacing the ,past4 ,the commission of the wrong is an irrevocable act2 but it does not incapacitate the soul to do right for the future4 ,its consequences cannot be expunged2 but its course need not be pursued4 ,wrong and evil perpetrated1 though ineffaceable1 call for no despair1 but for efforts more energetic than before4 ,repentance is still as valid as ever2 but it is valid to secure the ,future1 not to obliterate the ,past4 ,even the pulsations of the air1 once set in motion by the human voice1 cease not to exist with the sounds to which they gave rise4 ,their quickly-attenuated force soon becomes inaudible to human ears4 ,but the waves of air thus raised perambulate the surface of earth and ocean1 and in less than twenty hours1 every atom of the atmosphere takes up the altered movement due to that infinitesimal portion of primitive motion which has been conveyed to it through countless channels1 and which must continue to influence its path throughout its future existence4 ,the air is one vast library on whose pages is forever written all that man has ever said or even whispered4 ,there1 in their mutable1 but unerring characters1 mixed with the earliest1 as well as the latest signs of mortality1 stand forever recorded1 vows unredeemed1 promises unfulfilled2 perpetuating1 in the movements of each particle1 all in unison1 the testimony of man's changeful will4 ,god reads that book1 though we cannot4 ,so earth1 air1 and ocean are the eternal witnesses of the acts that we have done4 ,no motion impressed by natural causes or by human agency is ever obliterated4 ,the track of every keel which has ever disturbed the surface of the ocean remains forever registered in the future movements of all succeeding particles which may occupy its place4 ,every criminal is by the laws of the ,almighty irrevocably chained to the testimony of his crime2 for every atom of his mortal frame1 through whatever changes its particles may migrate1 will still retain1 adhering to it through every combination1 some movement derived from that very muscular effort by which the crime itself was perpetrated4 ,what if our faculties should be so enhanced in a future life as to enable us to perceive and trace the ineffaceable consequences of our idle words and evil deeds1 and render our remorse and grief as eternal as those consequences themselves8 ,no more fearful punishment to a superior intelligence can be conceived1 than to see still in action1 with the consciousness that it must continue in action forever1 a cause of wrong put in motion by itself ages before4 ,masonry1 by its teachings1 endeavors to restrain men from the commission of injustice and acts of wrong and outrage4 ,though it does not endeavor to usurp the place of religion1 still its code of morals proceeds upon other principles than the municipal law2 and it condemns and punishes offences which neither that law punishes nor public opinion condemns4 ,in the ,masonic law1 to cheat and overreach in trade1 at the bar1 in politics1 are deemed no more venial than theft2 nor a deliberate lie than perjury2 nor slander than robbery2 nor seduction than murder4 ,especially it condemns those wrongs of which the doer induces another to partake4 ,he may repent2 he may1 after agonizing struggles1 regain the path of virtue2 his spirit may reachieve its purity through much anguish1 after many strifes2 but the weaker fellow-creature whom he led astray1 whom he made a sharer in his guilt1 but whom he cannot make a sharer in his repentance and amendment1 whose downward course 7the first step of which he taught7 he cannot check1 but is compelled to witness1--what forgiveness of sins can avail him there8 ,there is his perpetual1 his inevitable punishment1 which no repentance can alleviate1 and no mercy can remit4 ,let us be just1 also1 in judging of other men's motives4 ,we know but little of the real merits or demerits of any fellow-creature4 ,we can rarely say with certainty that this man is more guilty than that1 or even that this man is very good or very wicked4 ,often the basest men leave behind them excellent reputations4 ,there is scarcely one of us who has not1 at some time in his life1 been on the edge of the commission of a crime4 ,every one of us can look back1 and shuddering see the time when our feet stood upon the slippery crags that overhung the abyss of guilt2 and when1 if temptation had been a little more urgent1 or a little longer continued1 if penury had pressed us a little harder1 or a little more wine had further disturbed our intellect1 dethroned our judgment1 and aroused our passions1 our feet would have slipped1 and we should have fallen1 never to rise again4 ,we may be able to say--,this man has lied1 has pilfered1 has forged1 has embezzled moneys intrusted to him2 and that man has gone through life with clean hands4 ,but we cannot say that the former has not struggled long1 though unsuccessfully1 against temptations under which the second would have succumbed without an effort4 ,we can say which has the cleanest hands before man2 but not which has the cleanest soul before ,god4 ,we may be able to say1 this man has committed adultery1 and that man has been ever chaste2 but we cannot tell but that the innocence of one may have been due to the coldness of his heart1 to the absence of a motive1 to the presence of a fear1 to the slight degree of the temptation2 nor but that the fall of the other may have been preceded by the most vehement self-contest1 caused by the most over-mastering frenzy1 and atoned for by the most hallowing repentance4 ,generosity as well as niggardliness may be a mere yielding to native temperament2 and in the eye of ,heaven1 a long life of beneficence in one man may have cost less effort1 and may indicate less virtue and less sacrifice of interest1 than a few rare hidden acts of kindness wrung by duty out of the reluctant and unsympathizing nature of the other4 ,there may be more real merit1 more self-sacrificing effort1 more of the noblest elements of moral grandeur1 in a life of failure1 sin1 and shame1 than in a career1 to our eyes1 of stainless integrity4 ,when we condemn or pity the fallen1 how do we know that1 tempted like him1 we should not have fallen like him1 as soon1 and perhaps with less resistance8 ,how can we know what we should do if we were out of employment1 famine crouching1 gaunt1 and hungry1 on our fireless hearth1 and our children wailing for bread8 ,we fall not because we are not enough tempted6 ,he that hath fallen may be at heart as honest as we4 ,how do we know that our daughter1 sister1 wife1 could resist the abandonment1 the desolation1 the distress1 the temptation1 that sacrificed the virtue of their poor abandoned sister of shame8 ,perhaps they also have not fallen1 because they have not been sorely tempted6 ,wisely are we directed to pray that we may not be exposed to temptation4 ,human justice must be ever uncertain4 ,how many judicial murders have been committed through ignorance of the phenomena of insanity6 ,how many men hung for murder who were no more murderers at heart than the jury that tried and the judge that sentenced them6 ,it may well be doubted whether the administration of human laws1 in every country1 is not one gigantic mass of injustice and wrong4 ,god seeth not as man seeth2 and the most abandoned criminal1 black as he is before the world1 may yet have continued to keep some little light burning in a corner of his soul1 which would long since have gone out in that of those who walk proudly in the sunshine of immaculate fame1 if they had been tried and tempted like the poor outcast4 ,we do not know even the outside life of men4 ,we are not competent to pronounce even on their deeds4 ,we do not know half the acts of wickedness or virtue1 even of our most immediate fellows4 ,we cannot say1 with certainty1 even of our nearest friend1 that he has not committed a particular sin1 and broken a particular commandment4 ,let each man ask his own heart6 ,of how many of our best and of our worst acts and qualities are our most intimate associates utterly unconscious6 ,how many virtues does not the world give us credit for1 that we do not possess2 or vices condemn us for1 of which we are not the slaves6 ,it is but a small portion of our evil deeds and thoughts that ever comes to light2 and of our few redeeming goodnesses1 the largest portion is known to ,god alone4 ,we shall1 therefore1 be just in judging of other men1 only when we are charitable2 and we should assume the prerogative of judging others only when the duty is forced upon us2 since we are so almost certain to err1 and the consequences of error are so serious4 ,no man need covet the office of judge2 for in assuming it he assumes the gravest and most oppressive responsibility4 ,yet you have assumed it2 we all assume it2 for man is ever ready to judge1 and ever ready to condemn his neighbor1 while upon the same state of case he acquits himself4 ,see1 therefore1 that you exercise your office cautiously and charitably1 lest1 in passing judgment upon the criminal1 you commit a greater wrong than that for which you condemn him1 and the consequences of which must be eternal4 ,the faults and crimes and follies of other men are not unimportant to us2 but form a part of our moral discipline4 ,war and bloodshed at a distance1 and frauds which do not affect our pecuniary interest1 yet touch us in our feelings1 and concern our moral welfare4 ,they have much to do with all thoughtful hearts4 ,the public eye may look unconcernedly on the miserable victim of vice1 and that shattered wreck of a man may move the multitude to laughter or to scorn4 ,but to the ,mason1 it is the form of sacred humanity that is before him2 it is an erring fellow-being2 a desolate1 forlorn1 forsaken soul2 and his thoughts1 enfolding the poor wretch1 will be far deeper than those of indifference1 ridicule1 or contempt4 ,all human offences1 the whole system of dishonesty1 evasion1 circumventing1 forbidden indulgence1 and intriguing ambition1 in which men are struggling with each other1 will be looked upon by a thoughtful ,mason1 not merely as a scene of mean toils and strifes1 but as the solemn conflicts of immortal minds1 for ends vast and momentous as their own being4 ,it is a sad and unworthy strife1 and may well be viewed with indignation2 but that indignation must melt into pity4 ,for the stakes for which these gamesters play are not those which they imagine1 not those which are in sight4 ,for example1 this man plays for a petty office1 and gains it2 but the real stake he gains is sycophancy1 uncharitableness1 slander1 and deceit4 ,good men are too proud of their goodness4 ,they are respectable2 dishonor comes not near them2 their countenance has weight and influence2 their robes are unstained2 the poisonous breath of calumny has never been breathed upon their fair name4 ,how easy it is for them to look down with scorn upon the poor degraded offender2 to pass him by with a lofty step2 to draw up the folds of their garment around them1 that they may not be soiled by his touch6 ,yet the ,great ,master of ,virtue did not so2 but descended to familiar intercourse with publicans and sinners1 with the ,samaritan woman1 with the outcasts and the ,pariahs of the ,hebrew world4 ,many men think themselves better1 in proportion as they can detect sin in others6 ,when they go over the catalogue of their neighbor's unhappy derelictions of temper or conduct1 they often1 amidst much apparent concern1 feel a secret exultation1 that destroys all their own pretensions to wisdom and moderation1 and even to virtue4 ,many even take actual pleasure in the sins of others2 and this is the case with every one whose thoughts are often employed in agreeable comparisons of his own virtues with his neighbors' faults4 ,the power of gentleness is too little seen in the world2 the subduing influences of pity1 the might of love1 the control of mildness over passion1 the commanding majesty of that perfect character which mingles grave displeasure with grief and pity for the offender4 ,so it is that a ,mason should treat his brethren who go astray4 ,not with bitterness2 nor yet with good-natured easiness1 nor with worldly indifference1 nor with the philosophic coldness1 nor with a laxity of conscience1 that accounts everything well1 that passes under the seal of public opinion2 but with charity1 with pitying loving-kindness4 ,the human heart will not bow willingly to what is infirm and wrong in human nature4 ,if it yields to us1 it must yield to what is divine in us4 ,the wickedness of my neighbor cannot submit to my wickedness2 his sensuality1 for instance1 to my anger against his vices4 ,my faults are not the instruments that are to arrest his faults4 ,and therefore impatient reformers1 and denouncing preachers1 and hasty reprovers1 and angry parents1 and irritable relatives generally fail1 in their several departments1 to reclaim the erring4 ,a moral offence is sickness1 pain1 loss1 dishonor1 in the immortal part of man4 ,it is guilt1 and misery added to guilt4 ,it is itself calamity2 and brings upon itself1 in addition1 the calamity of ,god's disapproval1 the abhorrence of all virtuous men1 and the soul's own abhorrence4 ,deal faithfully1 but patiently and tenderly1 with this evil6 ,it is no matter for petty provocation1 nor for personal strife1 nor for selfish irritation4 ,speak kindly to your erring brother6 ,god pities him3 ,christ has died for him3 ,providence waits for him3 ,heaven's mercy yearns toward him2 and ,heaven's spirits are ready to welcome him back with joy4 ,let your voice be in unison with all those powers that ,god is using for his recovery6 ,if one defrauds you1 and exults at it1 he is the most to be pitied of human beings4 ,he has done himself a far deeper injury than he has done you4 ,it is he1 and not you1 whom ,god regards with mingled displeasure and compassion2 and ,his judgment should be your law4 ,among all the benedictions of the ,holy ,mount there is not one for this man2 but for the merciful1 the peacemakers1 and the persecuted they are poured out freely4 ,we are all men of like passions1 propensities1 and exposures4 ,there are elements in us all1 which might have been perverted1 through the successive processes of moral deterioration1 to the worst of crimes4 ,the wretch whom the execration of the thronging crowd pursues to the scaffold1 is not worse than any one of that multitude might have become under similar circumstances4 ,he is to be condemned indeed1 but also deeply to be pitied4 ,it does not become the frail and sinful to be vindictive toward even the worst criminals4 ,we owe much to the good ,providence of ,god1 ordaining for us a lot more favorable to virtue4 ,we all had that within us1 that might have been pushed to the same excess4 ,perhaps we should have fallen as he did1 with less temptation4 ,perhaps we have done acts1 that1 in proportion to the temptation or provocation1 were less excusable than his great crime4 ,silent pity and sorrow for the victim should mingle with our detestation of the guilt4 ,even the pirate who murders in cold blood on the high seas1 is such a man as you or ,i might have been4 ,orphanage in childhood1 or base and dissolute and abandoned parents2 an unfriended youth2 evil companions2 ignorance and want of moral cultivation2 the temptations of sinful pleasure or grinding poverty2 familiarity with vice2 a scorned and blighted name2 seared and crushed affections2 desperate fortunes2 these are steps that might have led any one among us to unfurl upon the high seas the bloody flag of universal defiance2 to wage war with our kind2 to live the life and die the death of the reckless and remorseless free-booter4 ,many affecting relationships of humanity plead with us to pity him4 ,his head once rested on a mother's bosom4 ,he was once the object of sisterly love and domestic endearment4 ,perhaps his hand1 since often red with blood1 once clasped another little loving hand at the altar4 ,pity him then2 his blighted hopes and his crushed heart6 ,it is proper that frail and erring creatures like us should do so2 should feel the crime1 but feel it as weak1 tempted1 and rescued creatures should4 ,it may be that when ,god weighs men's crimes1 ,he will take into consideration the temptations and the adverse circumstances that led to them1 and the opportunities for moral culture of the offender2 and it may be that our own offences will weigh heavier than we think1 and the murderer's lighter than according to man's judgment4 ,on all accounts1 therefore1 let the true ,mason never forget the solemn injunction1 necessary to be observed at almost every moment of a busy life3 ,,judge ,,not1 ,,lest ,,ye ,,yourselves ,,be ,,judged3 ,,for ,,whatsoever ,,judgment ,,ye ,,measure ,,unto ,,others1 ,,the ,,same ,,shall ,,in ,,turn ,,be ,,measured ,,unto ,,you4 ,such is the lesson taught the ,provost and ,judge4 ,illustration ,illustration ,,viii4 ,,intendant ,,of ,,the ,,building4 ,in this ,degree you have been taught the important lesson1 that none are entitled to advance in the ,ancient and ,accepted ,scottish ,rite1 who have not by study and application made themselves familiar with ,masonic learning and jurisprudence4 ,the ,degrees of this ,rite are not for those who are content with the mere work and ceremonies1 and do not seek to explore the mines of wisdom that lie buried beneath the surface4 ,you still advance toward the ,light1 toward that star1 blazing in the distance1 which is an emblem of the ,divine ,truth1 given by ,god to the first men1 and preserved amid all the vicissitudes of ages in the traditions and teachings of ,masonry4 ,how far you will advance1 depends upon yourself alone4 ,here1 as everywhere in the world1 ,darkness struggles with ,light1 and clouds and shadows intervene between you and the ,truth4 ,when you shall have become imbued with the morality of ,masonry1 with which you yet are1 and for some time will be exclusively occupied1--when you shall have learned to practice all the virtues which it inculcates2 when they become familiar to you as your ,household ,gods2 then will you be prepared to receive its lofty philosophical instruction1 and to scale the heights upon whose summit ,light and ,truth sit enthroned4 ,step by step men must advance toward ,perfection2 and each ,masonic ,degree is meant to be one of those steps4 ,each is a development of a particular duty2 and in the present you are taught charity and benevolence2 to be to your brethren an example of virtue2 to correct your own faults2 and to endeavor to correct those of your brethren4 ,here1 as in all the ,degrees1 you meet with the emblems and the names of ,deity1 the true knowledge of whose character and attributes it has ever been a chief object of ,masonry to perpetuate4 ,to appreciate ,his infinite greatness and goodness1 to rely implicitly on ,his ,providence1 to revere and venerate ,him as the ,supreme ,architect1 ,creator1 and ,legislator of the universe1 is the first of ,masonic duties4 ,the ,battery of this ,degree1 and the five circuits which you made around the ,lodge1 allude to the five points of fellowship1 and are intended to recall them vividly to your mind4 ,to go upon a brother's errand or to his relief1 even barefoot and upon flinty ground2 to remember him in your supplications to the ,deity2 to clasp him to your heart1 and protect him against malice and evil-speaking2 to uphold him when about to stumble and fall2 and to give him prudent1 honest1 and friendly counsel1 are duties plainly written upon the pages of ,god's great code of law1 and first among the ordinances of ,masonry4 ,the first sign of the ,degree is expressive of the diffidence and humility with which we inquire into the nature and attributes of the ,deity2 the second1 of the profound awe and reverence with which we contemplate ,his glories2 and the third1 of the sorrow with which we reflect upon our insufficient observance of our duties1 and our imperfect compliance with ,his statutes4 ,the distinguishing property of man is to search for and follow after truth4 ,therefore1 when relaxed from our necessary cares and concerns1 we then covet to see1 to hear1 and to learn somewhat2 and we esteem knowledge of things1 either obscure or wonderful1 to be the indispensable means of living happily4 ,truth1 ,simplicity1 and ,candor are most agreeable to the nature of mankind4 ,whatever is virtuous consists either in ,sagacity1 and the ,perception of ,truth2 or in the preservation of ,human ,society1 by giving to every man his due1 and observing the faith of contracts2 or in the greatness and firmness of an elevated and unsubdued mind2 or in observing order and regularity in all our words and in all our actions2 in which consist ,moderation and ,temperance4 ,masonry has in all times religiously preserved that enlightened faith from which flow sublime ,devotedness1 the sentiment of ,fraternity fruitful of good works1 the spirit of indulgence and peace1 of sweet hopes and effectual consolations2 and inflexibility in the accomplishment of the most painful and arduous duties4 ,it has always propagated it with ardor and perseverance2 and therefore it labors at the present day more zealously than ever4 ,scarcely a ,masonic discourse is pronounced1 that does not demonstrate the necessity and advantages of this faith1 and especially recall the two constitutive principles of religion1 that make all religion1--love of ,god1 and love of neighbor4 ,masons carry these principles into the bosoms of their families and of society4 ,while the ,sectarians of former times enfeebled the religious spirit1 ,masonry1 forming one great ,people over the whole globe1 and marching under the great banner of ,charity and ,benevolence1 preserves that religious feeling1 strengthens it1 extends it in its purity and simplicity1 as it has always existed in the depths of the human heart1 as it existed even under the dominion of the most ancient forms of worship1 but where gross and debasing superstitions forbade its recognition4 ,a ,masonic ,lodge should resemble a bee-hive1 in which all the members work together with ardor for the common good4 ,masonry is not made for cold souls and narrow minds1 that do not comprehend its lofty mission and sublime apostolate4 ,here the anathema against lukewarm souls applies4 ,to comfort misfortune1 to popularize knowledge1 to teach whatever is true and pure in religion and philosophy1 to accustom men to respect order and the proprieties of life1 to point out the way to genuine happiness1 to prepare for that fortunate period1 when all the factions of the ,human ,family1 united by the bonds of ,toleration and ,fraternity1 shall be but one household1--these are labors that may well excite zeal and even enthusiasm4 ,we do not now enlarge upon or elaborate these ideas4 ,we but utter them to you briefly1 as hints1 upon which you may at your leisure reflect4 ,hereafter1 if you continue to advance1 they will be unfolded1 explained1 and developed4 ,masonry utters no impracticable and extravagant precepts1 certain1 because they are so1 to be disregarded4 ,it asks of its initiates nothing that it is not possible and even easy for them to perform4 ,its teachings are eminently practical2 and its statutes can be obeyed by every just1 upright1 and honest man1 no matter what his faith or creed4 ,its object is to attain the greatest practical good1 without seeking to make men perfect4 ,it does not meddle with the domain of religion1 nor inquire into the mysteries of regeneration4 ,it teaches those truths that are written by the finger of ,god upon the heart of man1 those views of duty which have been wrought out by the meditations of the studious1 confirmed by the allegiance of the good and wise1 and stamped as sterling by the response they find in every uncorrupted mind4 ,it does not dogmatize1 nor vainly imagine dogmatic certainty to be attainable4 ,masonry does not occupy itself with crying down this world1 with its splendid beauty1 its thrilling interests1 its glorious works1 its noble and holy affections2 nor exhort us to detach our hearts from this earthly life1 as empty1 fleeting1 and unworthy1 and fix them upon ,heaven1 as the only sphere deserving the love of the loving or the meditation of the wise4 ,it teaches that man has high duties to perform1 and a high destiny to fulfill1 on this earth2 that this world is not merely the portal to another2 and that this life1 though not our only one1 is an integral one1 and the particular one with which we are here meant to be concerned2 that the ,present is our scene of action1 and the ,future for speculation and for trust2 that man was sent upon the earth to live in it1 to enjoy it1 to study it1 to love it1 to embellish it1 to make the most of it4 ,it is his country1 on which he should lavish his affections and his efforts4 ,it is here his influences are to operate4 ,it is his house1 and not a tent2 his home1 and not merely a school4 ,he is sent into this world1 not to be constantly hankering after1 dreaming of1 preparing for another2 but to do his duty and fulfill his destiny on this earth2 to do all that lies in his power to improve it1 to render it a scene of elevated happiness to himself1 to those around him1 to those who are to come after him4 ,his life here is part of his immortality2 and this world1 also1 is among the stars4 ,and thus1 ,masonry teaches us1 will man best prepare for that ,future which he hopes for4 ,the ,unseen cannot hold a higher ,place in our affections than the ,seen and the ,familiar4 ,the law of our being is ,love of ,life1 and its interests and adornments2 love of the world in which our lot is cast1 engrossment with the interests and affections of earth4 ,not a low or sensual love2 not love of wealth1 of fame1 of ease1 of power1 of splendor4 ,not low worldliness2 but the love of ,earth as the garden on which the ,creator has lavished such miracles of beauty2 as the habitation of humanity1 the arena of its conflicts1 the scene of its illimitable progress1 the dwelling-place of the wise1 the good1 the active1 the loving1 and the dear2 the place of opportunity for the development by means of sin and suffering and sorrow1 of the noblest passions1 the loftiest virtues1 and the tenderest sympathies4 ,they take very unprofitable pains1 who endeavor to persuade men that they are obliged wholly to despise this world1 and all that is in it1 even whilst they themselves live here4 ,god hath not taken all that pains in forming and framing and furnishing and adorning the world1 that they who were made by ,him to live in it should despise it4 ,it will be enough1 if they do not love it too immoderately4 ,it is useless to attempt to extinguish all those affections and passions which are and always will be inseparable from human nature4 ,as long as the world lasts1 and honor and virtue and industry have reputation in the world1 there will be ambition and emulation and appetite in the best and most accomplished men in it2 and if there were not1 more barbarity and vice and wickedness would cover every nation of the world1 than it now suffers under4 ,those only who feel a deep interest in1 and affection for1 this world1 will work resolutely for its amelioration4 ,those who undervalue this life1 naturally become querulous and discontented1 and lose their interest in the welfare of their fellows4 ,to serve them1 and so to do our duty as ,masons1 we must feel that the object is worth the exertion2 and be content with this world in which ,god has placed us1 until ,he permits us to remove to a better one4 ,he is here with us1 and does not deem this an unworthy world4 ,it is a serious thing to defame and belie a whole world2 to speak of it as the abode of a poor1 toiling1 drudging1 ignorant1 contemptible race4 ,you would not so discredit your family1 your friendly circle1 your village1 your city1 your country4 ,the world is not a wretched and a worthless one2 nor is it a misfortune1 but a thing to be thankful for1 to be a man4 ,if life is worthless1 so also is immortality4 ,in society itself1 in that living mechanism of human relationships that spreads itself over the world1 there is a finer essence within1 that as truly moves it1 as any power1 heavy or expansive1 moves the sounding manufactory or the swift-flying car4 ,the man-machine hurries to and fro upon the earth1 stretches out its hands on every side1 to toil1 to barter1 to unnumbered labors and enterprises2 and almost always the motive1 that which moves it1 is something that takes hold of the comforts1 affections1 and hopes of social existence4 ,true1 the mechanism often works with difficulty1 drags heavily1 grates and screams with harsh collision4 ,true1 the essence of finer motive1 becoming intermixed with baser and coarser ingredients1 often clogs1 obstructs1 jars1 and deranges the free and noble action of social life4 ,but he is neither grateful nor wise1 who looks cynically on all this1 and loses the fine sense of social good in its perversions4 ,that ,i can be a friend1 that ,i can have a friend1 though it were but one in the world2 that fact1 that wondrous good fortune1 we may set against all the sufferings of our social nature4 ,that there is such a place on earth as a home1 that resort and sanctuary of in-walled and shielded joy1 we may set against all the surrounding desolations of life4 ,that one can be a true1 social man1 can speak his true thoughts1 amidst all the janglings of controversy and the warring of opinions2 that fact from within1 outweighs all facts from without4 ,in the visible aspect and action of society1 often repulsive and annoying1 we are apt to lose the due sense of its invisible blessings4 ,as in ,nature it is not the coarse and palpable1 not soils and rains1 nor even fields and flowers1 that are so beautiful1 as the invisible spirit of wisdom and beauty that pervades it2 so in society1 it is the invisible1 and therefore unobserved1 that is most beautiful4 ,what nerves the arm of toil8 ,if man minded himself alone1 he would fling down the spade and axe1 and rush to the desert2 or roam through the world as a wilderness1 and make that world a desert4 ,his home1 which he sees not1 perhaps1 but once or twice in a day1 is the invisible bond of the world4 ,it is the good1 strong1 and noble faith that men have in each other1 which gives the loftiest character to business1 trade1 and commerce4 ,fraud occurs in the rush of business2 but it is the exception4 ,honesty is the rule2 and all the frauds in the world cannot tear the great bond of human confidence4 ,if they could1 commerce would furl its sails on every sea1 and all the cities of the world would crumble into ruins4 ,the bare character of a man on the other side of the world1 whom you never saw1 whom you never will see1 you hold good for a bond of thousands4 ,the most striking feature of the political state is not governments1 nor constitutions1 nor laws1 nor enactments1 nor the judicial power1 nor the police2 but the universal will of the people to be governed by the common weal4 ,take off that restraint1 and no government on earth could stand for an hour4 ,of the many teachings of ,masonry1 one of the most valuable is1 that we should not depreciate this life4 ,it does not hold1 that when we reflect on the destiny that awaits man on earth1 we ought to bedew his cradle with our tears2 but1 like the ,hebrews1 it hails the birth of a child with joy1 and holds that his birthday should be a festival4 ,it has no sympathy with those who profess to have proved this life1 and found it little worth2 who have deliberately made up their minds that it is far more miserable than happy2 because its employments are tedious1 and their schemes often baffled1 their friendships broken1 or their friends dead1 its pleasures palled1 and its honors faded1 and its paths beaten1 familiar1 and dull4 ,masonry deems it no mark of great piety toward ,god to disparage1 if not despise1 the state that ,he has ordained for us4 ,it does not absurdly set up the claims of another world1 not in comparison merely1 but in competition1 with the claims of this4 ,it looks upon both as parts of one system4 ,it holds that a man may make the best of this world and of another at the same time4 ,it does not teach its initiates to think better of other works and dispensations of ,god1 by thinking meanly of these4 ,it does not look upon life as so much time lost2 nor regard its employments as trifles unworthy of immortal beings2 nor tell its followers to fold their arms1 as if in disdain of their state and species2 but it looks soberly and cheerfully upon the world1 as a theatre of worthy action1 of exalted usefulness1 and of rational and innocent enjoyment4 ,it holds that1 with all its evils1 life is a blessing4 ,to deny that is to destroy the basis of all religion1 natural and revealed4 ,the very foundation of all religion is laid on the firm belief that ,god is good2 and if this life is an evil and a curse1 no such belief can be rationally entertained4 ,to level our satire at humanity and human existence1 as mean and contemptible2 to look on this world as the habitation of a miserable race1 fit only for mockery and scorn2 to consider this earth as a dungeon or a prison1 which has no blessing to offer but escape from it1 is to extinguish the primal light of faith and hope and happiness1 to destroy the basis of religion1 and ,truth's foundation in the goodness of ,god4 ,if it indeed be so1 then it matters not what else is true or not true2 speculation is vain and faith is vain2 and all that belongs to man's highest being is buried in the ruins of misanthropy1 melancholy1 and despair4 ,our love of life2 the tenacity with which1 in sorrow and suffering1 we cling to it2 our attachment to our home1 to the spot that gave us birth1 to any place1 however rude1 unsightly1 or barren1 on which the history of our years has been written1 all show how dear are the ties of kindred and society4 ,misery makes a greater impression upon us than happiness2 because the former is not the habit of our minds4 ,it is a strange1 unusual guest1 and we are more conscious of its presence4 ,happiness lives with us1 and we forget it4 ,it does not excite us1 nor disturb the order and course of our thoughts4 ,a great agony is an epoch in our life4 ,we remember our afflictions1 as we do the storm and earthquake1 because they are out of the common course of things4 ,they are like disastrous events1 recorded because extraordinary2 and with whole and unnoticed periods of prosperity between4 ,we mark and signalize the times of calamity2 but many happy days and unnoted periods of enjoyment pass1 that are unrecorded either in the book of memory1 or in the scanty annals of our thanksgiving4 ,we are little disposed and less able to call up from the dim remembrances of our past years1 the peaceful moments1 the easy sensations1 the bright thoughts1 the quiet reveries1 the throngs of kind affections in which life flowed on1 bearing us almost unconsciously upon its bosom1 because it bore us calmly and gently4 ,life is not only good2 but it has been glorious in the experience of millions4 ,the glory of all human virtue clothes it4 ,the splendors of devotedness1 beneficence1 and heroism are upon it2 the crown of a thousand martyrdoms is upon its brow4 ,the brightness of the soul shines through this visible and sometimes darkened life2 through all its surrounding cares and labors4 ,the humblest life may feel its connection with its ,infinite ,source4 ,there is something mighty in the frail inner man2 something of immortality in this momentary and transient being4 ,the mind stretches away1 on every side1 into infinity4 ,its thoughts flash abroad1 far into the boundless1 the immeasurable1 the infinite2 far into the great1 dark1 teeming future2 and become powers and influences in other ages4 ,to know its wonderful ,author1 to bring down wisdom from the ,eternal ,stars1 to bear upward its homage1 gratitude1 and love1 to the ,ruler of all worlds1 to be immortal in our influences projected far into the slow-approaching ,future1 makes life most worthy and most glorious4 ,life is the wonderful creation of ,god4 ,it is light1 sprung from void darkness2 power1 waked from inertness and impotence2 being created from nothing2 and the contrast may well enkindle wonder and delight4 ,it is a rill from the infinite1 overflowing goodness2 and from the moment when it first gushes up into the light1 to that when it mingles with the ocean of ,eternity1 that ,goodness attends it and ministers to it4 ,it is a great and glorious gift4 ,there is gladness in its infant voices2 joy in the buoyant step of its youth2 deep satisfaction in its strong maturity2 and peace in its quiet age4 ,there is good for the good2 virtue for the faithful2 and victory for the valiant4 ,there is1 even in this humble life1 an infinity for those whose desires are boundless4 ,there are blessings upon its birth2 there is hope in its death2 and eternity in its prospect4 ,thus earth1 which binds many in chains1 is to the ,mason both the starting-place and goal of immortality4 ,many it buries in the rubbish of dull cares and wearying vanities2 but to the ,mason it is the lofty mount of meditation1 where ,heaven1 and ,infinity and ,eternity are spread before him and around him4 ,to the lofty-minded1 the pure1 and the virtuous1 this life is the beginning of ,heaven1 and a part of immortality4 ,god hath appointed one remedy for all the evils in the world2 and that is a contented spirit4 ,we may be reconciled to poverty and a low fortune1 if we suffer contentedness and equanimity to make the proportions4 ,no man is poor who doth not think himself so2 but if1 in a full fortune1 with impatience he desires more1 he proclaims his wants and his beggarly condition4 ,this virtue of contentedness was the sum of all the old moral philosophy1 and is of most universal use in the whole course of our lives1 and the only instrument to ease the burdens of the world and the enmities of sad chances4 ,it is the great reasonableness of complying with the ,divine ,providence1 which governs all the world1 and hath so ordered us in the administration of ,his great family4 ,it is fit that ,god should dispense ,his gifts as ,he pleases2 and if we murmur here1 we may1 at the next melancholy1 be troubled that ,he did not make us to be angels or stars4 ,we ourselves make our fortunes good or bad2 and when ,god lets loose a ,tyrant upon us1 or a sickness1 or scorn1 or a lessened fortune1 if we fear to die1 or know not how to be patient1 or are proud1 or covetous1 then the calamity sits heavy on us4 ,but if we know how to manage a noble principle1 and fear not death so much as a dishonest action1 and think impatience a worse evil than a fever1 and pride to be the greatest disgrace as well as the greatest folly1 and poverty far preferable to the torments of avarice1 we may still bear an even mind and smile at the reverses of fortune and the ill-nature of ,fate4 ,if thou hast lost thy land1 do not also lose thy constancy2 and if thou must die sooner than others1 or than thou didst expect1 yet do not die impatiently4 ,for no chance is evil to him who is content1 and to a man nothing is miserable unless it be unreasonable4 ,no man can make another man to be his slave1 unless that other hath first enslaved himself to life and death1 to pleasure or pain1 to hope or fear2 command these passions1 and you are freer than the ,parthian ,kings4 ,when an enemy reproaches us1 let us look on him as an impartial relator of our faults2 for he will tell us truer than our fondest friend will1 and we may forgive his anger1 whilst we make use of the plainness of his declamation4 ,the ox1 when he is weary1 treads truest2 and if there be nothing else in abuse1 but that it makes us to walk warily1 and tread sure for fear of our enemies1 that is better than to be flattered into pride and carelessness4 ,if thou fallest from thy employment in public1 take sanctuary in an honest retirement1 being indifferent to thy gain abroad1 or thy safety at home4 ,when the north wind blows hard1 and it rains sadly1 we do not sit down in it and cry2 but defend ourselves against it with a warm garment1 or a good fire and a dry roof4 ,so when the storm of a sad mischance beats upon our spirits1 we may turn it into something that is good1 if we resolve to make it so2 and with equanimity and patience may shelter ourselves from its inclement pitiless pelting4 ,if it develop our patience1 and give occasion for heroic endurance1 it hath done us good enough to recompense us sufficiently for all the temporal affliction2 for so a wise man shall overrule his stars2 and have a greater influence upon his own content1 than all the constellations and planets of the firmament4 ,compare not thy condition with the few above thee1 but to secure thy content1 look upon those thousands with whom thou wouldst not1 for any interest1 change thy fortune and condition4 ,a soldier must not think himself unprosperous1 if he be not successful as ,alexander or ,wellington2 nor any man deem himself unfortunate that he hath not the wealth of ,rothschild2 but rather let the former rejoice that he is not lessened like the many generals who went down horse and man before ,napoleon1 and the latter that he is not the beggar who1 bareheaded in the bleak winter wind holds out his tattered hat for charity4 ,there may be many who are richer and more fortunate2 but many thousands who are very miserable1 compared to thee4 ,after the worst assaults of ,fortune1 there will be something left to us1--a merry countenance1 a cheerful spirit1 and a good conscience1 the ,providence of ,god1 our hopes of ,heaven1 our charity for those who have injured us2 perhaps a loving wife1 and many friends to pity1 and some to relieve us2 and light and air1 and all the beauties of ,nature2 we can read1 discourse1 and meditate2 and having still these blessings1 we should be much in love with sorrow and peevishness to lose them all1 and prefer to sit down on our little handful of thorns4 ,enjoy the blessings of this day1 if ,god sends them1 and the evils of it bear patiently and calmly2 for this day only is ours3 we are dead to yesterday1 and we are not yet born to the morrow4 ,when our fortunes are violently changed1 our spirits are unchanged1 if they always stood in the suburbs and expectation of sorrows and reverses4 ,the blessings of immunity1 safeguard1 liberty1 and integrity deserve the thanksgiving of a whole life4 ,we are quit from a thousand calamities1 every one of which1 if it were upon us1 would make us insensible of our present sorrow1 and glad to receive it in exchange for that other greater affliction4 ,measure your desires by your fortune and condition1 not your fortunes by your desires3 be governed by your needs1 not by your fancy2 by nature1 not by evil customs and ambitious principles4 ,it is no evil to be poor1 but to be vicious and impatient4 ,is that beast better1 that hath two or three mountains to graze on1 than the little bee that feeds on dew or manna1 and lives upon what falls every morning from the store-houses of ,heaven1 clouds and ,providence8 ,there are some instances of fortune and a fair condition that cannot stand with some others2 but if you desire this1 you must lose that1 and unless you be content with one1 you lose the comfort of both4 ,if you covet learning1 you must have leisure and a retired life2 if honors of ,state and political distinctions1 you must be ever abroad in public1 and get experience1 and do all men's business1 and keep all company1 and have no leisure at all4 ,if you will be rich1 you must be frugal2 if you will be popular1 you must be bountiful2 if a philosopher1 you must despise riches4 ,if you would be famous as ,epaminondas1 accept also his poverty1 for it added lustre to his person1 and envy to his fortune1 and his virtue without it could not have been so excellent4 ,if you would have the reputation of a martyr1 you must needs accept his persecution2 if of a benefactor of the world1 the world's injustice2 if truly great1 you must expect to see the mob prefer lesser men to yourself4 ,god esteems it one of ,his glories1 that ,he brings good out of evil2 and therefore it were but reason we should trust ,him to govern ,his own world as ,he pleases2 and that we should patiently wait until the change cometh1 or the reason is discovered4 ,a ,mason's contentedness must by no means be a mere contented selfishness1 like his who1 comfortable himself1 is indifferent to the discomfort of others4 ,there will always be in this world wrongs to forgive1 suffering to alleviate1 sorrow asking for sympathy1 necessities and destitution to relieve1 and ample occasion for the exercise of active charity and beneficence4 ,and he who sits unconcerned amidst it all1 perhaps enjoying his own comforts and luxuries the more1 by contrasting them with the hungry and ragged destitution and shivering misery of his fellows1 is not contented1 but selfish and unfeeling4 ,it is the saddest of all sights upon this earth1 that of a man lazy and luxurious1 or hard and penurious1 to whom want appeals in vain1 and suffering cries in an unknown tongue4 ,the man whose hasty anger hurries him into violence and crime is not half so unworthy to live4 ,he is the faithless steward1 that embezzles what ,god has given him in trust for the impoverished and suffering among his brethren4 ,the true ,mason must be and must have a right to be content with himself2 and he can be so only when he lives not for himself alone1 but for others also1 who need his assistance and have a claim upon his sympathy4 ,charity is the great channel1 it has been well said1 through which ,god passes all ,his mercy upon mankind4 ,for we receive absolution of our sins in proportion to our forgiving our brother4 ,this is the rule of our hopes and the measure of our desire in this world2 and on the day of death and judgment1 the great sentence upon mankind shall be transacted according to our alms1 which is the other part of charity4 ,god himself is love2 and every degree of charity that dwells in us is the participation of the ,divine nature4 ,these principles ,masonry reduces to practice4 ,by them it expects you to be hereafter guided and governed4 ,it especially inculcates them upon him who employs the labor of others1 forbidding him to discharge them1 when to want employment is to starve2 or to contract for the labor of man or woman at so low a price that by over-exertion they must sell him their blood and life at the same time with the labor of their hands4 ,these ,degrees are also intended to teach more than morals4 ,the symbols and ceremonies of ,masonry have more than one meaning4 ,they rather conceal than disclose the ,truth4 ,they hint it only1 at least2 and their varied meanings are only to be discovered by reflection and study4 ,truth is not only symbolized by ,light1 but as the ray of light is separable into rays of different colors1 so is truth separable into kinds4 ,it is the province of ,masonry to teach all truths--not moral truth alone1 but political and philosophical1 and even religious truth1 so far as concerns the great and essential principles of each4 ,the sphynx was a symbol4 ,to whom has it disclosed its inmost meaning8 ,who knows the symbolic meaning of the pyramids8 ,you will hereafter learn who are the chief foes of human liberty symbolized by the assassins of the ,master ,khrm2 and in their fate you may see foreshadowed that which we earnestly hope will hereafter overtake those enemies of humanity1 against whom ,masonry has struggled so long4 ,illustration ,illustration ,,ix4 ,,elect ,,of ,,the ,,nine4 ,elu of the ,nine4 ,originally created to reward fidelity1 obedience1 and devotion1 this ,degree was consecrated to bravery1 devotedness1 and patriotism2 and your obligation has made known to you the duties which you have assumed4 ,they are summed up in the simple mandate1 ,protect the oppressed against the oppressor2 and devote yourself to the honor and interests of your ,country4 ,masonry is not speculative1 nor theoretical1 but experimental2 not sentimental1 but practical4 ,it requires self-renunciation and self-control4 ,it wears a stern face toward men's vices1 and interferes with many of our pursuits and our fancied pleasures4 ,it penetrates beyond the region of vague sentiment2 beyond the regions where moralizers and philosophers have woven their fine theories and elaborated their beautiful maxims1 to the very depths of the heart1 rebuking our littlenesses and meannesses1 arraigning our prejudices and passions1 and warring against the armies of our vices4 ,it wars against the passions that spring out of the bosom of a world of fine sentiments1 a world of admirable sayings and foul practices1 of good maxims and bad deeds2 whose darker passions are not only restrained by custom and ceremony1 but hidden even from itself by a veil of beautiful sentiments4 ,this terrible solecism has existed in all ages4 ,romish sentimentalism has often covered infidelity and vice2 ,protestant straightness often lauds spirituality and faith1 and neglects homely truth1 candor1 and generosity2 and ultra-liberal ,rationalistic refinement sometimes soars to heaven in its dreams1 and wallows in the mire of earth in its deeds4 ,there may be a world of ,masonic sentiment2 and yet a world of little or no ,masonry4 ,in many minds there is a vague and general sentiment of ,masonic charity1 generosity1 and disinterestedness1 but no practical1 active virtue1 nor habitual kindness1 self-sacrifice1 or liberality4 ,masonry plays about them like the cold though brilliant lights that flush and eddy over ,northern skies4 ,there are occasional flashes of generous and manly feeling1 transitory splendors1 and momentary gleams of just and noble thought1 and transient coruscations1 that light the ,heaven of their imagination2 but there is no vital warmth in the heart2 and it remains as cold and sterile as the ,arctic or ,antarctic regions4 ,they do nothing2 they gain no victories over themselves2 they make no progress2 they are still in the ,northeast corner of the ,lodge1 as when they first stood there as ,apprentices2 and they do not cultivate ,masonry1 with a cultivation1 determined1 resolute1 and regular1 like their cultivation of their estate1 profession1 or knowledge4 ,their ,masonry takes its chance in general and inefficient sentiment1 mournfully barren of results2 in words and formulas and fine professions4 ,most men have sentiments1 but not principles4 ,the former are temporary sensations1 the latter permanent and controlling impressions of goodness and virtue4 ,the former are general and involuntary1 and do not rise to the character of virtue4 ,every one feels them4 ,they flash up spontaneously in every heart4 ,the latter are rules of action1 and shape and control our conduct2 and it is these that ,masonry insists upon4 ,we approve the right2 but pursue the wrong4 ,it is the old story of human deficiency4 ,no one abets or praises injustice1 fraud1 oppression1 covetousness1 revenge1 envy1 or slander2 and yet how many who condemn these things1 are themselves guilty of them4 ,it is no rare thing for him whose indignation is kindled at a tale of wicked injustice1 cruel oppression1 base slander1 or misery inflicted by unbridled indulgence2 whose anger flames in behalf of the injured and ruined victims of wrong2 to be in some relation unjust1 or oppressive1 or envious1 or self-indulgent1 or a careless talker of others4 ,how wonderfully indignant the penurious man often is1 at the avarice or want of public spirit of another6 ,a great ,preacher well said1 ,therefore thou art inexcusable4 ,o ,man1 whosoever thou art1 that judgest2 for wherein thou judgest another1 thou condemnest thyself3 for thou that judgest1 doest the same things4 ,it is amazing to see how men can talk of virtue and honor1 whose life denies both4 ,it is curious to see with what a marvellous facility many bad men quote ,scripture4 ,it seems to comfort their evil consciences1 to use good words2 and to gloze over bad deeds with holy texts1 wrested to their purpose4 ,often1 the more a man talks about ,charity and ,toleration1 the less he has of either2 the more he talks about ,virtue1 the smaller stock he has of it4 ,the mouth speaks out of the abundance of the heart2 but often the very reverse of what the man practises4 ,and the vicious and sensual often express1 and in a sense feel1 strong disgust at vice and sensuality4 ,hypocrisy is not so common as is imagined4 ,here1 in the ,lodge1 virtue and vice are matters of reflection and feeling only4 ,there is little opportunity here1 for the practice of either2 and ,masons yield to the argument here1 with facility and readiness2 because nothing is to follow4 ,it is easy1 and safe1 here1 to feel upon these matters4 ,but to-morrow1 when they breathe the atmosphere of worldly gains and competitions1 and the passions are again stirred at the opportunities of unlawful pleasure1 all their fine emotions about virtue1 all their generous abhorrence of selfishness and sensuality1 melt away like a morning cloud4 ,for the time1 their emotions and sentiments are sincere and real4 ,men may be really1 in a certain way1 interested in ,masonry1 while fatally deficient in virtue4 ,it is not always hypocrisy4 ,men pray most fervently and sincerely1 and yet are constantly guilty of acts so bad and base1 so ungenerous and unrighteous1 that the crimes that crowd the dockets of our courts are scarcely worse4 ,a man may be a good sort of man in general1 and yet a very bad man in particular3 good in the ,lodge and bad in the world2 good in public1 and bad in his family2 good at home1 and bad on a journey or in a strange city4 ,many a man earnestly desires to be a good ,mason4 ,he says so1 and is sincere4 ,but if you require him to resist a certain passion1 to sacrifice a certain indulgence1 to control his appetite at a particular feast1 or to keep his temper in a dispute1 you will find that he does not wish to be a good ,mason1 in that particular case2 or1 wishing1 is not able to resist his worse impulses4 ,the duties of life are more than life4 ,the law imposeth it upon every citizen1 that he prefer the urgent service of his country before the safety of his life4 ,if a man be commanded1 saith a great writer1 to bring ordnance or munition to relieve any of the ,king's towns that are distressed1 then he cannot for any danger of tempest justify the throwing of them overboard2 for there it holdeth which was spoken by the ,roman1 when the same necessity of weather was alleged to hold him from embarking3 ,necesse est ut eam1 non ut vivam3 it needs that ,i go3 it is not necessary ,i should live4 ,how ungratefully he slinks away1 who dies1 and does nothing to reflect a glory to ,heaven6 ,how barren a tree he is1 who lives1 and spreads1 and cumbers the ground1 yet leaves not one seed1 not one good work to generate another after him6 ,all cannot leave alike2 yet all may leave something1 answering their proportions and their kinds4 ,those are dead and withered grains of corn1 out of which there will not one ear spring4 ,he will hardly find the way to ,heaven1 who desires to go thither alone4 ,industry is never wholly unfruitful4 ,if it bring not joy with the incoming profit1 it will yet banish mischief from thy busied gates4 ,there is a kind of good angel waiting upon ,diligence that ever carries a laurel in his hand to crown her4 ,how unworthy was that man of the world who never did aught1 but only lived and died6 ,that we have liberty to do anything1 we should account it a gift from the favoring ,heavens2 that we have minds sometimes inclining us to use that liberty well1 is a great bounty of the ,deity4 ,masonry is action1 and not inertness4 ,it requires its ,initiates to ,,work1 actively and earnestly1 for the benefit of their brethren1 their country1 and mankind4 ,it is the patron of the oppressed1 as it is the comforter and consoler of the unfortunate and wretched4 ,it seems to it a worthier honor to be the instrument of advancement and reform1 than to enjoy all that rank and office and lofty titles can bestow4 ,it is the advocate of the common people in those things which concern the best interests of mankind4 ,it hates insolent power and impudent usurpation4 ,it pities the poor1 the sorrowing1 the disconsolate2 it endeavors to raise and improve the ignorant1 the sunken1 and the degraded4 ,its fidelity to its mission will be accurately evidenced1 by the extent of the efforts it employs1 and the means it sets on foot1 to improve the people at large and to better their condition2 chiefest of which1 within its reach1 is to aid in the education of the children of the poor4 ,an intelligent people1 informed of its rights1 will soon come to know its power1 and cannot long be oppressed2 but if there be not a sound and virtuous populace1 the elaborate ornaments at the top of the pyramid of society will be a wretched compensation for the want of solidity at the base4 ,it is never safe for a nation to repose on the lap of ignorance3 and if there ever was a time when public tranquillity was insured by the absence of knowledge1 that season is past4 ,unthinking stupidity cannot sleep1 without being appalled by phantoms and shaken by terrors4 ,the improvement of the mass of the people is the grand security for popular liberty2 in the neglect of which1 the politeness1 refinement1 and knowledge accumulated in the higher orders and wealthier classes will some day perish like dry grass in the hot fire of popular fury4 ,it is not the mission of ,masonry to engage in plots and conspiracies against the civil government4 ,it is not the fanatical propagandist of any creed or theory2 nor does it proclaim itself the enemy of kings4 ,it is the apostle of liberty1 equality1 and fraternity2 but it is no more the high-priest of republicanism than of constitutional monarchy4 ,it contracts no entangling alliances with any sect of theorists1 dreamers1 or philosophers4 ,it does not know those as its ,initiates who assail the civil order and all lawful authority1 at the same time that they propose to deprive the dying of the consolations of religion4 ,it sits apart from all sects and creeds1 in its own calm and simple dignity1 the same under every government4 ,it is still that which it was in the cradle of the human race1 when no human foot had trodden the soil of ,assyria and ,egypt1 and no colonies had crossed the ,himalayas into ,southern ,india1 ,media1 or ,etruria4 ,it gives no countenance to anarchy and licentiousness2 and no illusion of glory1 or extravagant emulation of the ancients inflames it with an unnatural thirst for ideal and ,utopian liberty4 ,it teaches that in rectitude of life and sobriety of habits is the only sure guarantee for the continuance of political freedom2 and it is chiefly the soldier of the sanctity of the laws and the rights of conscience4 ,it recognizes it as a truth1 that necessity1 as well as abstract right and ideal justice1 must have its part in the making of laws1 the administration of affairs1 and the regulation of relations in society4 ,it sees1 indeed1 that necessity rules in all the affairs of man4 ,it knows that where any man1 or any number or race of men1 are so imbecile of intellect1 so degraded1 so incapable of self-control1 so inferior in the scale of humanity1 as to be unfit to be intrusted with the highest prerogatives of citizenship1 the great law of necessity1 for the peace and safety of the community and country1 requires them to remain under the control of those of larger intellect and superior wisdom4 ,it trusts and believes that ,god will1 in his own good time1 work out his own great and wise purposes2 and it is willing to wait1 where it does not see its own way clear to some certain good4 ,it hopes and longs for the day when all the races of men1 even the lowest1 will be elevated1 and become fitted for political freedom2 when1 like all other evils that afflict the earth1 pauperism1 and bondage or abject dependence1 shall cease and disappear4 ,but it does not preach revolution to those who are fond of kings1 nor rebellion that can end only in disaster and defeat1 or in substituting one tyrant for another1 or a multitude of despots for one4 ,wherever a people is fit to be free and to govern itself1 and generously strives to be so1 there go all its sympathies4 ,it detests the tyrant1 the lawless oppressor1 the military usurper1 and him who abuses a lawful power4 ,it frowns upon cruelty1 and a wanton disregard of the rights of humanity4 ,it abhors the selfish employer1 and exerts its influence to lighten the burdens which want and dependence impose upon the workman1 and to foster that humanity and kindness which man owes to even the poorest and most unfortunate brother4 ,it can never be employed1 in any country under ,heaven1 to teach a toleration for cruelty1 to weaken moral hatred for guilt1 or to deprave and brutalize the human mind4 ,the dread of punishment will never make a ,mason an accomplice in so corrupting his countrymen1 and a teacher of depravity and barbarity4 ,if anywhere1 as has heretofore happened1 a tyrant should send a satirist on his tyranny to be convicted and punished as a libeller1 in a court of justice1 a ,mason1 if a juror in such a case1 though in sight of the scaffold streaming with the blood of the innocent1 and within hearing of the clash of the bayonets meant to overawe the court1 would rescue the intrepid satirist from the tyrant's fangs1 and send his officers out from the court with defeat and disgrace4 ,even if all law and liberty were trampled under the feet of ,jacobinical demagogues or a military banditti1 and great crimes were perpetrated with a high hand against all who were deservedly the objects of public veneration2 if the people1 overthrowing law1 roared like a sea around the courts of justice1 and demanded the blood of those who1 during the temporary fit of insanity and drunken delirium1 had chanced to become odious to it1 for true words manfully spoken1 or unpopular acts bravely done1 the ,masonic juror1 unawed alike by the single or the many-headed tyrant1 would consult the dictates of duty alone1 and stand with a noble firmness between the human tigers and their coveted prey4 ,the ,mason would much rather pass his life hidden in the recesses of the deepest obscurity1 feeding his mind even with the visions and imaginations of good deeds and noble actions1 than to be placed on the most splendid throne of the universe1 tantalized with a denial of the practice of all which can make the greatest situation any other than the greatest curse4 ,and if he has been enabled to lend the slightest step to any great and laudable designs2 if he has had any share in any measure giving quiet to private property and to private conscience1 making lighter the yoke of poverty and dependence1 or relieving deserving men from oppression2 if he has aided in securing to his countrymen that best possession1 peace2 if he has joined in reconciling the different sections of his own country to each other1 and the people to the government of their own creating2 and in teaching the citizen to look for his protection to the laws of his country1 and for his comfort to the good-will of his countrymen2 if he has thus taken his part with the best of men in the best of their actions1 he may well shut the book1 even if he might wish to read a page or two more4 ,it is enough for his measure4 ,he has not lived in vain4 ,masonry teaches that all power is delegated for the good1 and not for the injury of the ,people2 and that1 when it is perverted from the original purpose1 the compact is broken1 and the right ought to be resumed2 that resistance to power usurped is not merely a duty which man owes to himself and to his neighbor1 but a duty which he owes to his ,god1 in asserting and maintaining the rank which ,he gave him in the creation4 ,this principle neither the rudeness of ignorance can stifle nor the enervation of refinement extinguish4 ,it makes it base for a man to suffer when he ought to act2 and1 tending to preserve to him the original destinations of ,providence1 spurns at the arrogant assumptions of ,tyrants and vindicates the independent quality of the race of which we are a part4 ,the wise and well-informed ,mason will not fail to be the votary of ,liberty and ,justice4 ,he will be ready to exert himself in their defence1 wherever they exist4 ,it cannot be a matter of indifference to him when his own liberty and that of other men1 with whose merits and capacities he is acquainted1 are involved in the event of the struggle to be made2 but his attachment will be to the cause1 as the cause of man2 and not merely to the country4 ,wherever there is a people that understands the value of political justice1 and is prepared to assert it1 that is his country2 wherever he can most contribute to the diffusion of these principles and the real happiness of mankind1 that is his country4 ,nor does he desire for any country any other benefit than justice4 ,the true ,mason identifies the honor of his country with his own4 ,nothing more conduces to the beauty and glory of one's country than the preservation against all enemies of its civil and religious liberty4 ,the world will never willingly let die the names of those patriots who in her different ages have received upon their own breasts the blows aimed by insolent enemies at the bosom of their country4 ,but also it conduces1 and in no small measure1 to the beauty and glory of one's country1 that justice should always be administered there to all alike1 and neither denied1 sold1 nor delayed to any one2 that the interest of the poor should be looked to1 and none starve or be houseless1 or clamor in vain for work2 that the child and the feeble woman should not be overworked1 or even the apprentice or slave be stinted of food or overtasked or mercilessly scourged2 and that ,god's great laws of mercy1 humanity1 and compassion should be everywhere enforced1 not only by the statutes1 but also by the power of public opinion4 ,and he who labors1 often against reproach and obloquy1 and oftener against indifference and apathy1 to bring about that fortunate condition of things when that great code of divine law shall be everywhere and punctually obeyed1 is no less a patriot than he who bares his bosom to the hostile steel in the ranks of his country's soldiery4 ,for fortitude is not only seen resplendent on the field of battle and amid the clash of arms1 but he displays its energy under every difficulty and against every assailant4 ,he who wars against cruelty1 oppression1 and hoary abuses1 fights for his country's honor1 which these things soil2 and her honor is as important as her existence4 ,often1 indeed1 the warfare against those abuses which disgrace one's country is quite as hazardous and more discouraging than that against her enemies in the field2 and merits equal1 if not greater reward4 ,for those ,greeks and ,romans who are the objects of our admiration employed hardly any other virtue in the extirpation of tyrants1 than that love of liberty1 which made them prompt in seizing the sword1 and gave them strength to use it4 ,with facility they accomplish the undertaking1 amid the general shout of praise and joy2 nor did they engage in the attempt so much as an enterprise of perilous and doubtful issue1 as a contest the most glorious in which virtue could be signalized2 which infallibly led to present recompense2 which bound their brows with wreaths of laurel1 and consigned their memories to immortal fame4 ,but he who assails hoary abuses1 regarded perhaps with a superstitious reverence1 and around which old laws stand as ramparts and bastions to defend them2 who denounces acts of cruelty and outrage on humanity which make every perpetrator thereof his personal enemy1 and perhaps make him looked upon with suspicion by the people among whom he lives1 as the assailant of an established order of things of which he assails only the abuses1 and of laws of which he attacks only the violations1--he can scarcely look for present recompense1 nor that his living brows will be wreathed with laurel4 ,and if1 contending against a dark array of long-received opinions1 superstitions1 obloquy1 and fears1 which most men dread more than they do an army terrible with banners1 the ,mason overcomes1 and emerges from the contest victorious2 or if he does not conquer1 but is borne down and swept away by the mighty current of prejudice1 passion1 and interest2 in either case1 the loftiness of spirit which he displays merits for him more than a mediocrity of fame4 ,he has already lived too long who has survived the ruin of his country2 and he who can enjoy life after such an event deserves not to have lived at all4 ,nor does he any more deserve to live who looks contentedly upon abuses that disgrace1 and cruelties that dishonor1 and scenes of misery and destitution and brutalization that disfigure his country2 or sordid meanness and ignoble revenges that make her a by-word and a scoff among all generous nations2 and does not endeavor to remedy or prevent either4 ,not often is a country at war2 nor can every one be allowed the privilege of offering his heart to the enemy's bullets4 ,but in these patriotic labors of peace1 in preventing1 remedying1 and reforming evils1 oppressions1 wrongs1 cruelties1 and outrages1 every ,mason can unite2 and every one can effect something1 and share the honor and glory of the result4 ,for the cardinal names in the history of the human mind are few and easily to be counted up2 but thousands and tens of thousands spend their days in the preparations which are to speed the predestined change1 in gathering and amassing the materials which are to kindle and give light and warmth1 when the fire from ,heaven shall have descended on them4 ,numberless are the sutlers and pioneers1 the engineers and artisans1 who attend the march of intellect4 ,many move forward in detachments1 and level the way over which the chariot is to pass1 and cut down the obstacles that would impede its progress2 and these too have their reward4 ,if they labor diligently and faithfully in their calling1 not only will they enjoy that calm contentment which diligence in the lowliest task never fails to win2 not only will the sweat of their brows be sweet1 and the sweetener of the rest that follows2 but1 when the victory is at last achieved1 they will come in for a share in the glory2 even as the meanest soldier who fought at ,marathon or at ,king's ,mountain became a sharer in the glory of those saving days2 and within his own household circle1 the approbation of which approaches the nearest to that of an approving conscience1 was looked upon as the representative of all his brother-heroes2 and could tell such tales as made the tear glisten on the cheek of his wife1 and lit up his boy's eyes with an unwonted sparkling eagerness4 ,or1 if he fell in the fight1 and his place by the fireside and at the table at home was thereafter vacant1 that place was sacred2 and he was often talked of there in the long winter evenings2 and his family1 was deemed fortunate in the neighborhood1 because it had had a hero in it1 who had fallen in defence of his country4 ,remember that life's length is not measured by its hours and days1 but by that which we have done therein for our country and kind4 ,a useless life is short1 if it last a century2 but that of ,alexander was long as the life of the oak1 though he died at thirty-five4 ,we may do much in a few years1 and we may do nothing in a lifetime4 ,if we but eat and drink and sleep1 and let everything go on around us as it pleases2 or if we live but to amass wealth or gain office or wear titles1 we might as well not have lived at all2 nor have we any right to expect immortality4 ,forget not1 therefore1 to what you have devoted yourself in this ,degree3 defend weakness against strength1 the friendless against the great1 the oppressed against the oppressor6 ,be ever vigilant and watchful of the interests and honor of your country6 and may the ,grand ,architect of the ,universe give you that strength and wisdom which shall enable you well and faithfully to perform these high duties6 ,illustration ,illustration ,x4 ,,illustrious ,,elect ,,of ,,the ,,fifteen4 ,elu of the ,fifteen4 ,this ,degree is devoted to the same objects as those of the ,elu of ,nine2 and also to the cause of ,toleration and ,liberality against ,fanaticism and ,persecution1 political and religious2 and to that of ,education1 ,instruction1 and ,enlightenment against ,error1 ,barbarism1 and ,ignorance4 ,to these objects you have irrevocably and forever devoted your hand1 your heart1 and your intellect2 and whenever in your presence a ,chapter of this ,degree is opened1 you will be most solemnly reminded of your vows here taken at the altar4 ,toleration1 holding that every other man has the same right to his opinion and faith that we have to ours2 and liberality1 holding that as no human being can with certainty say1 in the clash and conflict of hostile faiths and creeds1 what is truth1 or that he is surely in possession of it1 so every one should feel that it is quite possible that another equally honest and sincere with himself1 and yet holding the contrary opinion1 may himself be in possession of the truth1 and that whatever one firmly and conscientiously believes1 is truth1 to him--these are the mortal enemies of that fanaticism which persecutes for opinion's sake1 and initiates crusades against whatever it1 in its imaginary holiness1 deems to be contrary to the law of ,god or verity of dogma4 ,and education1 instruction1 and enlightenment are the most certain means by which fanaticism and intolerance can be rendered powerless4 ,no true ,mason scoffs at honest convictions and an ardent zeal in the cause of what one believes to be truth and justice4 ,but he does absolutely deny the right of any man to assume the prerogative of ,deity1 and condemn another's faith and opinions as deserving to be punished because heretical4 ,nor does he approve the course of those who endanger the peace and quiet of great nations1 and the best interest of their own race by indulging in a chimerical and visionary philanthropy--a luxury which chiefly consists in drawing their robes around them to avoid contact with their fellows1 and proclaiming themselves holier than they4 ,for he knows that such follies are often more calamitous than the ambition of kings2 and that intolerance and bigotry have been infinitely greater curses to mankind than ignorance and error4 ,better any error than persecution6 ,better any opinion than the thumb-screw1 the rack1 and the stake6 ,and he knows also how unspeakably absurd it is1 for a creature to whom himself and everything around him are mysteries1 to torture and slay others1 because they cannot think as he does in regard to the profoundest of those mysteries1 to understand which is utterly beyond the comprehension of either the persecutor or the persecuted4 ,masonry is not a religion4 ,he who makes of it a religious belief1 falsifies and denaturalizes it4 ,the ,brahmin1 the ,jew1 the ,mahometan1 the ,catholic1 the ,protestant1 each professing his peculiar religion1 sanctioned by the laws1 by time1 and by climate1 must needs retain it1 and cannot have two religions2 for the social and sacred laws adapted to the usages1 manners1 and prejudices of particular countries1 are the work of men4 ,but ,masonry teaches1 and has preserved in their purity1 the cardinal tenets of the old primitive faith1 which underlie and are the foundation of all religions4 ,all that ever existed have had a basis of truth2 and all have overlaid that truth with errors4 ,the primitive truths taught by the ,redeemer were sooner corrupted1 and intermingled and alloyed with fictions than when taught to the first of our race4 ,masonry is the universal morality which is suitable to the inhabitants of every clime1 to the man of every creed4 ,it has taught no doctrines1 except those truths that tend directly to the well-being of man2 and those who have attempted to direct it toward useless vengeance1 political ends1 and ,jesuitism1 have merely perverted it to purposes foreign to its pure spirit and real nature4 ,mankind outgrows the sacrifices and the mythologies of the childhood of the world4 ,yet it is easy for human indolence to linger near these helps1 and refuse to pass further on4 ,so the unadventurous ,nomad in the ,tartarian wild keeps his flock in the same close-cropped circle where they first learned to browse1 while the progressive man roves ever forth to fresh fields and pastures new4 ,the latter is the true ,mason2 and the best and indeed the only good ,mason is he who with the power of business does the work of life2 the upright mechanic1 merchant1 or farmer1 the man with the power of thought1 of justice1 or of love1 he whose whole life is one great act of performance of ,masonic duty4 ,the natural use of the strength of a strong man or the wisdom of a wise one1 is to do the work of a strong man or a wise one4 ,the natural work of ,masonry is practical life2 the use of all the faculties in their proper spheres1 and for their natural function4 ,love of ,truth1 justice1 and generosity as attributes of ,god1 must appear in a life marked by these qualities2 that is the only effectual ordinance of ,masonry4 ,a profession of one's convictions1 joining the ,order1 assuming the obligations1 assisting at the ceremonies1 are of the same value in science as in ,masonry2 the natural form of ,masonry is goodness1 morality1 living a true1 just1 affectionate1 self-faithful life1 from the motive of a good man4 ,it is loyal obedience to ,god's law4 ,the good ,mason does the good thing which comes in his way1 and because it comes in his way2 from a love of duty1 and not merely because a law1 enacted by man or ,god1 commands his will to do it4 ,he is true to his mind1 his conscience1 heart1 and soul1 and feels small temptation to do to others what he would not wish to receive from them4 ,he will deny himself for the sake of his brother near at hand4 ,his desire attracts in the line of his duty1 both being in conjunction4 ,not in vain does the poor or the oppressed look up to him4 ,you find such men in all ,christian sects1 ,protestant and ,catholic1 in all the great religious parties of the civilized world1 among ,buddhists1 ,mahometans1 and ,jews4 ,they are kind fathers1 generous citizens1 unimpeachable in their business1 beautiful in their daily lives4 ,you see their ,masonry in their work and in their play4 ,it appears in all the forms of their activity1 individual1 domestic1 social1 ecclesiastical1 or political4 ,true ,masonry within must be morality without4 ,it must become eminent morality1 which is philanthropy4 ,the true ,mason loves not only his kindred and his country1 but all mankind2 not only the good1 but also the evil1 among his brethren4 ,he has more goodness than the channels of his daily life will hold4 ,it runs over the banks1 to water and to feed a thousand thirsty plants4 ,not content with the duty that lies along his track1 he goes out to seek it2 not only willing1 he has a salient longing to do good1 to spread his truth1 his justice1 his generosity1 his ,masonry over all the world4 ,his daily life is a profession of his ,masonry1 published in perpetual good-will to men4 ,he can not be a persecutor4 ,not more naturally does the beaver build or the mocking-bird sing his own wild1 gushing melody1 than the true ,mason lives in this beautiful outward life4 ,so from the perennial spring swells forth the stream1 to quicken the meadow with new access of green1 and perfect beauty bursting into bloom4 ,thus ,masonry does the work it was meant to do4 ,the ,mason does not sigh and weep1 and make grimaces4 ,he lives right on4 ,if his life is1 as whose is not1 marked with errors1 and with sins1 he ploughs over the barren spot with his remorse1 sows with new seed1 and the old desert blossoms like a rose4 ,he is not confined to set forms of thought1 of action1 or of feeling4 ,he accepts what his mind regards as true1 what his conscience decides is right1 what his heart deems generous and noble2 and all else he puts far from him4 ,though the ancient and the honorable of the ,earth bid him bow down to them1 his stubborn knees bend only at the bidding of his manly soul4 ,his ,masonry is his freedom before ,god1 not his bondage unto men4 ,his mind acts after the universal law of the intellect1 his conscience according to the universal moral law1 his affections and his soul after the universal law of each1 and so he is strong with the strength of ,god1 in this four-fold way communicating with ,him4 ,the old theologies1 the philosophies of religion of ancient times1 will not suffice us now4 ,the duties of life are to be done2 we are to do them1 consciously obedient to the law of ,god1 not atheistically1 loving only our selfish gain4 ,there are sins of trade to be corrected4 ,everywhere morality and philanthropy are needed4 ,there are errors to be made way with1 and their place supplied with new truths1 radiant with the glories of ,heaven4 ,there are great wrongs and evils1 in ,church and ,state1 in domestic1 social1 and public life1 to be righted and outgrown4 ,masonry cannot in our age forsake the broad way of life4 ,she must journey on in the open street1 appear in the crowded square1 and teach men by her deeds1 her life more eloquent than any lips4 ,this ,degree is chiefly devoted to ,,toleration2 and it inculcates in the strongest manner that great leading idea of the ,ancient ,art1 that a belief in the one ,true ,god1 and a moral and virtuous life1 constitute the only religious requisites needed to enable a man to be a ,mason4 ,masonry has ever the most vivid remembrance of the terrible and artificial torments that were used to put down new forms of religion or extinguish the old4 ,it sees with the eye of memory the ruthless extermination of all the people of all sexes and ages1 because it was their misfortune not to know the ,god of the ,hebrews1 or to worship ,him under the wrong name1 by the savage troops of ,moses and ,joshua4 ,it sees the thumb-screws and the racks1 the whip1 the gallows1 and the stake1 the victims of ,diocletian and ,alva1 the miserable ,covenanters1 the ,non-,conformists1 ,servetus burned1 and the unoffending ,quaker hung4 ,it sees ,cranmer hold his arm1 now no longer erring1 in the flame until the hand drops off in the consuming heat4 ,it sees the persecutions of ,peter and ,paul1 the martyrdom of ,stephen1 the trials of ,ignatius1 ,polycarp1 ,justin1 and ,irenaeus2 and then in turn the sufferings of the wretched ,pagans under the ,christian ,emperors1 as of the ,papists in ,ireland and under ,elizabeth and the bloated ,henry4 ,the ,roman ,virgin naked before the hungry lions2 young ,margaret ,graham tied to a stake at low-water mark1 and there left to drown1 singing hymns to ,god until the savage waters broke over her head2 and all that in all ages have suffered by hunger and nakedness1 peril and prison1 the rack1 the stake1 and the sword1--it sees them all1 and shudders at the long roll of human atrocities4 ,and it sees also the oppression still practised in the name of religion--men shot in a ,christian jail in ,christian ,italy for reading the ,christian ,bible2 in almost every ,christian ,state1 laws forbidding freedom of speech on matters relating to ,christianity2 and the gallows reaching its arm over the pulpit4 ,the fires of ,moloch in ,syria1 the harsh mutilations in the name of ,astarte1 ,cybele1 ,jehovah2 the barbarities of imperial ,pagan ,torturers2 the still grosser torments which ,roman-,gothic ,christians in ,italy and ,spain heaped on their brother-men2 the fiendish cruelties to which ,switzerland1 ,france1 the ,netherlands1 ,england1 ,scotland1 ,ireland1 ,america1 have been witnesses1 are none too powerful to warn man of the unspeakable evils which follow from mistakes and errors in the matter of religion1 and especially from investing the ,god of ,love with the cruel and vindictive passions of erring humanity1 and making blood to have a sweet savor in his nostrils1 and groans of agony to be delicious to his ears4 ,man never had the right to usurp the unexercised prerogative of ,god1 and condemn and punish another for his belief4 ,born in a ,protestant land1 we are of that faith4 ,if we had opened our eyes to the light under the shadows of ,st4 ,peter's at ,rome1 we should have been devout ,catholics2 born in the ,jewish quarter of ,aleppo1 we should have contemned ,christ as an imposter2 in ,constantinople1 we should have cried ,allah il ,allah1 ,god is great and ,mahomet is his prophet6 ,birth1 place1 and education give us our faith4 ,few believe in any religion because they have examined the evidences of its authenticity1 and made up a formal judgment1 upon weighing the testimony4 ,not one man in ten thousand knows anything about the proofs of his faith4 ,we believe what we are taught2 and those are most fanatical who know least of the evidences on which their creed is based4 ,facts and testimony are not1 except in very rare instances1 the ground-work of faith4 ,it is an imperative law of ,god's ,economy1 unyielding and inflexible as ,himself1 that man shall accept without question the belief of those among whom he is born and reared2 the faith so made a part of his nature resists all evidence to the contrary2 and he will disbelieve even the evidence of his own senses1 rather than yield up the religious belief which has grown up in him1 flesh of his flesh and bone of his bone4 ,what is truth to me is not truth to another4 ,the same arguments and evidences that convince one mind make no impression on another4 ,this difference is in men at their birth4 ,no man is entitled positively to assert that he is right1 where other men1 equally intelligent and equally well-informed1 hold directly the opposite opinion4 ,each thinks it impossible for the other to be sincere1 and each1 as to that1 is equally in error4 ,what is truth8 was a profound question1 the most suggestive one ever put to man4 ,many beliefs of former and present times seem incomprehensible4 ,they startle us with a new glimpse into the human soul1 that mysterious thing1 more mysterious the more we note its workings4 ,here is a man superior to myself in intellect and learning2 and yet he sincerely believes what seems to me too absurd to merit confutation2 and ,i cannot conceive1 and sincerely do not believe1 that he is both sane and honest4 ,and yet he is both4 ,his reason is as perfect as mine1 and he is as honest as ,i4 ,the fancies of a lunatic are realities1 to him4 ,our dreams are realities while they last2 and1 in the ,past1 no more unreal than what we have acted in our waking hours4 ,no man can say that he hath as sure possession of the truth as of a chattel4 ,when men entertain opinions diametrically opposed to each other1 and each is honest1 who shall decide which hath the ,truth2 and how can either say with certainty that he hath it8 ,we know not what is the truth4 ,that we ourselves believe and feel absolutely certain that our own belief is true1 is in reality not the slightest proof of the fact1 seem it never so certain and incapable of doubt to us4 ,no man is responsible for the rightness of his faith2 but only for the uprightness of it4 ,therefore no man hath or ever had a right to persecute another for his belief2 for there cannot be two antagonistic rights2 and if one can persecute another1 because he himself is satisfied that the belief of that other is erroneous1 the other has1 for the same reason1 equally as certain a right to persecute him4 ,the truth comes to us tinged and colored with our prejudices and our preconceptions1 which are as old as ourselves1 and strong with a divine force4 ,it comes to us as the image of a rod comes to us through the water1 bent and distorted4 ,an argument sinks into and convinces the mind of one man1 while from that of another it rebounds like a ball of ivory dropped on marble4 ,it is no merit in a man to have a particular faith1 excellent and sound and philosophic as it may be1 when he imbibed it with his mother's milk4 ,it is no more a merit than his prejudices and his passions4 ,the sincere ,moslem has as much right to persecute us1 as we to persecute him2 and therefore ,masonry wisely requires no more than a belief in ,one ,great ,all-,powerful ,deity1 the ,father and ,preserver of the ,universe4 ,therefore it is she teaches her votaries that toleration is one of the chief duties of every good ,mason1 a component part of that charity without which we are mere hollow images of true ,masons1 mere sounding brass and tinkling cymbals4 ,no evil hath so afflicted the world as intolerance of religious opinion4 ,the human beings it has slain in various ways1 if once and together brought to life1 would make a nation of people2 left to live and increase1 would have doubled the population of the civilized portion of the globe2 among which civilized portion it chiefly is that religious wars are waged4 ,the treasure and the human labor thus lost would have made the earth a garden1 in which1 but for his evil passions1 man might now be as happy as in ,eden4 ,no man truly obeys the ,masonic law who merely tolerates those whose religious opinions are opposed to his own4 ,every man's opinions are his own private property1 and the rights of all men to maintain each his own are perfectly equal4 ,merely to tolerate1 to bear with an opposing opinion1 is to assume it to be heretical2 and assert the right to persecute1 if we would2 and claim our toleration of it as a merit4 ,the ,mason's creed goes further than that4 ,no man1 it holds1 has any right in any way to interfere with the religious belief of another4 ,it holds that each man is absolutely sovereign as to his own belief1 and that belief is a matter absolutely foreign to all who do not entertain the same belief2 and that1 if there were any right of persecution at all1 it would in all cases be a mutual right2 because one party has the same right as the other to sit as judge in his own case2 and ,god is the only magistrate that can rightfully decide between them4 ,to that great ,judge1 ,masonry refers the matter2 and opening wide its portals1 it invites to enter there and live in peace and harmony1 the ,protestant1 the ,catholic1 the ,jew1 the ,moslem2 every man who will lead a truly virtuous and moral life1 love his brethren1 minister to the sick and distressed1 and believe in the ,,one1 ,all-,powerful1 ,all-,wise1 everywhere-,present ,,god1 ,architect1 ,creator1 and ,preserver of all things1 by whose universal law of ,harmony ever rolls on this universe1 the great1 vast1 infinite circle of successive ,death and ,life3--to whose ,,ineffable ,,name let all true ,masons pay profoundest homage6 for whose thousand blessings poured upon us1 let us feel the sincerest gratitude1 now1 henceforth1 and forever6 ,we may well be tolerant of each other's creed2 for in every faith there are excellent moral precepts4 ,far in the ,south of ,asia1 ,zoroaster taught this doctrine3 ,on commencing a journey4 ,the ,faithful should turn his thoughts toward ,ormuzd1 and confess him1 in the purity of his heart1 to be ,king of the ,world2 he should love him1 do him homage1 and serve him4 ,he must be upright and charitable1 despise the pleasures of the body1 and avoid pride and haughtiness1 and vice in all its forms1 and especially falsehood1 one of the basest sins of which1 man can be guilty4 ,he must forget injuries and not avenge himself4 ,he must honor the memory of his parents and relatives4 ,at night1 before retiring to sleep1 he should rigorously examine his conscience1 and repent of the faults which weakness or ill-fortune had caused him to commit4 ,he was required to pray for strength to persevere in the ,good1 and to obtain forgiveness for his errors4 ,it was his duty to confess his faults to a ,magus1 or to a layman renowned for his virtues1 or to the ,sun4 ,fasting and maceration were prohibited2 and1 on the contrary1 it was his duty suitably to nourish the body and to maintain its vigor1 that his soul might be strong to resist the ,genius of ,darkness2 that he might more attentively read the ,divine ,word1 and have more courage to perform noble deeds4 ,and in the ,north of ,europe the ,druids taught devotion to friends1 indulgence for reciprocal wrongs1 love of deserved praise1 prudence1 humanity1 hospitality1 respect for old age1 disregard of the future1 temperance1 contempt of death1 and a chivalrous deference to woman4 ,listen to these maxims from the ,hava ,maal1 or ,sublime ,book of ,odin3 ,if thou hast a friend1 visit him often2 the path will grow over with grass1 and the trees soon cover it1 if thou dost not constantly walk upon it4 ,he is a faithful friend1 who1 having but two loaves1 gives his friend one4 ,be never first to break with thy friend2 sorrow wrings the heart of him who has no one save himself with whom to take counsel4 ,there is no virtuous man who has not some vice1 no bad man who has not some virtue4 ,happy he who obtains the praise and good-will of men2 for all that depends on the will of another is hazardous and uncertain4 ,riches flit away in the twinkling of an eye2 they are the most inconstant of friends2 flocks and herds perish1 parents die1 friends are not immortal1 thou thyself diest2 ,i know but one thing that doth not die1 the judgment that is passed upon the dead4 ,be humane toward those whom thou meetest on the road4 ,if the guest that cometh to thy house is a-cold1 give him fire2 the man who has journeyed over the mountains needs food and dry garments4 ,mock not at the aged2 for words full of sense come often from the wrinkles of age4 ,be moderately wise1 and not over-prudent4 ,let no one seek to know his destiny1 if he would sleep tranquilly4 ,there is no malady more cruel than to be discontented with our lot4 ,the glutton eats his own death2 and the wise man laughs at the fool's greediness4 ,nothing is more injurious to the young than excessive drinking2 the more one drinks the more he loses his reason2 the bird of forgetfulness sings before those who intoxicate themselves1 and wiles away their souls4 ,man devoid of sense believes he will live always if he avoids war2 but1 if the lances spare him1 old age will give him no quarter4 ,better live well than live long4 ,when a man lights a fire in his house1 death comes before it goes out4 ,and thus said the ,indian books3 ,honor thy father and mother4 ,never forget the benefits thou hast received4 ,learn while thou art young4 ,be submissive to the laws of thy country4 ,seek the company of virtuous men4 ,speak not of ,god but with respect4 ,live on good terms with thy fellow-citizens4 ,remain in thy proper place4 ,speak ill of no one4 ,mock at the bodily infirmities of none4 ,pursue not unrelentingly a conquered enemy4 ,strive to acquire a good reputation4 ,take counsel with wise men4 ,the more one learns1 the more he acquires the faculty of learning4 ,knowledge is the most permanent wealth4 ,as well be dumb as ignorant4 ,the true use of knowledge is to distinguish good from evil4 ,be not a subject of shame to thy parents4 ,what one learns in youth endures like the engraving upon a rock4 ,he is wise who knows himself4 ,let thy books be thy best friends4 ,when thou attainest an hundred years1 cease to learn4 ,wisdom is solidly planted1 even on the shifting ocean4 ,deceive no one1 not even thine enemy4 ,wisdom is a treasure that everywhere commands its value4 ,speak mildly1 even to the poor4 ,it is sweeter to forgive than to take vengeance4 ,gaming and quarrels lead to misery4 ,there is no true merit without the practice of virtue4 ,to honor our mother is the most fitting homage we can pay the ,divinity4 ,there is no tranquil sleep without a clear conscience4 ,he badly understands his interest who breaks his word4 ,twenty-four centuries ago these were the ,chinese ,ethics3 ,the ,philosopher ,confucius said1 ',,san6 my doctrine is simple1 and easy to be understood4' ,,thseng-,,tseu replied1 'that is certain4' ,the ,philosopher having gone out1 the disciples asked what their master had meant to say4 ,,thseng-,,tseu responded1 ',the doctrine of our ,master consists solely in being upright of heart1 and loving our neighbor as we love ourself4' ,about a ,century later1 the ,hebrew law said1 ,if any man hate his neighbor 444 then shall ye do unto him1 as he had thought to do unto his brother 444 ,better is a neighbor that is near1 than a brother afar off 444 ,thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself4 ,in the same fifth century before ,christ1 ,,socrates the ,grecian said1 ,thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself4 ,three generations earlier1 ,,zoroaster had said to the ,persians3 ,offer up thy grateful prayers to the ,lord1 the most just and pure ,ormuzd1 the supreme and adorable ,god1 who thus declared to his ,prophet ,zerdusht3 ',hold it not meet to do unto others what thou wouldst not desire done unto thyself2 do that unto the people1 which1 when done to thyself1 is not disagreeable unto thee4' ,the same doctrine had been long taught in the schools of ,babylon1 ,alexandria1 and ,jerusalem4 ,a ,pagan declared to the ,pharisee ,,hillel1 that he was ready to embrace the ,jewish religion1 if he could make known to him in a few words a summary of the whole law of ,moses4 ,that which thou likest not done to thyself1 said ,hillel1 do it not unto thy neighbor4 ,therein is all the law3 the rest is nothing but the commentary upon it4 ,nothing is more natural1 said ,,confucius1 nothing more simple1 than the principles of that morality which ,i endeavor1 by salutary maxims1 to inculcate in you 444 ,it is humanity2 which is to say1 that universal charity among all of our species1 without distinction4 ,it is uprightness2 that is1 that rectitude of spirit and of heart1 which makes one seek for truth in everything1 and desire it1 without deceiving one's self or others4 ,it is1 finally1 sincerity or good faith2 which is to say1 that frankness1 that openness of heart1 tempered by self-reliance1 which excludes all feints and all disguising1 as much in speech as in action4 ,to diffuse useful information1 to further intellectual refinement1 sure forerunner of moral improvement1 to hasten the coming of the great day1 when the dawn of general knowledge shall chase away the lazy1 lingering mists of ignorance and error1 even from the base of the great social pyramid1 is indeed a high calling1 in which the most splendid talents and consummate virtue may well press onward1 eager to bear a part4 ,from the ,masonic ranks ought to go forth those whose genius and not their ancestry ennoble them1 to open to all ranks the temple of science1 and by their own example to make the humblest men emulous to climb steps no longer inaccessible1 and enter the unfolded gates burning in the sun4 ,the highest intellectual cultivation is perfectly compatible with the daily cares and toils of working-men4 ,a keen relish for the most sublime truths of science belongs alike to every class of mankind4 ,and1 as philosophy was taught in the sacred groves of ,athens1 and under the ,portico1 and in the old ,temples of ,egypt and ,india1 so in our ,lodges ought ,knowledge to be dispensed1 the ,sciences taught1 and the ,lectures become like the teachings of ,socrates and ,plato1 of ,agassiz and ,cousin4 ,real knowledge never permitted either turbulence or unbelief2 but its progress is the forerunner of liberality and enlightened toleration4 ,whoso dreads these may well tremble2 for he may be well assured that their day is at length come1 and must put to speedy flight the evil spirits of tyranny and persecution1 which haunted the long night now gone down the sky4 ,and it is to be hoped that the time will soon arrive1 when1 as men will no longer suffer themselves to be led blindfolded in ignorance1 so will they no more yield to the vile principle of judging and treating their fellow-creatures1 not according to the intrinsic merit of their actions1 but according to the accidental and involuntary coincidence of their opinions4 ,whenever we come to treat with entire respect those who conscientiously differ from ourselves1 the only practical effect of a difference will be1 to make us enlighten the ignorance on one side or the other1 from which it springs1 by instructing them1 if it be theirs2 ourselves1 if it be our own2 to the end that the only kind of unanimity may be produced which is desirable among rational beings1--the agreement proceeding from full conviction after the freest discussion4 ,the ,elu of ,fifteen ought therefore to take the lead of his fellow-citizen1 not in frivolous amusements1 not in the degrading pursuits of the ambitious vulgar2 but in the truly noble task of enlightening the mass of his countrymen1 and of leaving his own name encircled1 not with barbaric splendor1 or attached to courtly gewgaws1 but illustrated by the honors most worthy of our rational nature2 coupled with the diffusion of knowledge1 and gratefully pronounced by a few1 at least1 whom his wise beneficence has rescued from ignorance and vice4 ,we say to him1 in the words of the great ,roman3 ,men in no respect so nearly approach to the ,deity1 as when they confer benefits on men4 ,to serve and do good to as many as possible1--there is nothing greater in your fortune than that you should be able1 and nothing finer in your nature1 than that you should be desirous to do this4 ,this is the true mark for the aim of every man and ,mason who either prizes the enjoyment of pure happiness1 or sets a right value upon a high and unsullied renown4 ,and if the benefactors of mankind1 when they rest from their noble labors1 shall be permitted to enjoy hereafter1 as an appropriate reward of their virtue1 the privilege of looking down upon the blessings with which their exertions and charities1 and perhaps their toils and sufferings have clothed the scene of their former existence1 it will not1 in a state of exalted purity and wisdom1 be the founders of mighty dynasties1 the conquerors of new empires1 the ,csars1 ,alexanders1 and ,tamerlanes2 nor the mere ,kings and ,counsellors1 ,presidents and ,senators1 who have lived for their party chiefly1 and for their country only incidentally1 often sacrificing to their own aggrandizement or that of their faction the good of their fellow-creatures2--it will not be they who will be gratified by contemplating the monuments of their inglorious fame2 but those will enjoy that delight and march in that triumph1 who can trace the remote effects of their enlightened benevolence in the improved condition of their species1 and exult in the reflection1 that the change which they at last1 perhaps after many years1 survey1 with eyes that age and sorrow can make dim no more1--of ,knowledge become ,power1--,virtue sharing that ,empire1--,superstition dethroned1 and ,tyranny exiled1 is1 if even only in some small and very slight degree1 yet still in some degree1 the fruit1 precious if costly1 and though late repaid yet long enduring1 of their own self-denial and strenuous exertion1 of their own mite of charity and aid to education wisely bestowed1 and of the hardships and hazards which they encountered here below4 ,masonry requires of its ,initiates and votaries nothing that is impracticable4 ,it does not demand that they should undertake to climb to those lofty and sublime peaks of a theoretical and imaginary unpractical virtue1 high and cold and remote as the eternal snows that wrap the shoulders of ,chimborazo1 and at least as inaccessible as they4 ,it asks that alone to be done which is easy to be done4 ,it overtasks no one's strength1 and asks no one to go beyond his means and capacities4 ,it does not expect one whose business or profession yields him little more than the wants of himself and his family require1 and whose time is necessarily occupied by his daily vocations1 to abandon or neglect the business by which he and his children live1 and devote himself and his means to the diffusion of knowledge among men4 ,it does not expect him to publish books for the people1 or to lecture1 to the ruin of his private affairs1 or to found academies and colleges1 build up libraries1 and entitle himself to statues4 ,but it does require and expect every man of us to do something1 within and according to his means2 and there is no ,mason who cannot do some thing1 if not alone1 then by combination and association4 ,if a ,lodge cannot aid in founding a school or an academy it can still do something4 ,it can educate one boy or girl1 at least1 the child of some poor or departed brother4 ,and it should never be forgotten1 that in the poorest unregarded child that seems abandoned to ignorance and vice may slumber the virtues of a ,socrates1 the intellect of a ,bacon or a ,bossuet1 the genius of a ,shakespeare1 the capacity to benefit mankind of a ,washington2 and that in rescuing him from the mire in which he is plunged1 and giving him the means of education and development1 the ,lodge that does it may be the direct and immediate means of conferring upon the world as great a boon as that given it by ,john ,faust the boy of ,mentz2 may perpetuate the liberties of a country and change the destinies of nations1 and write a new chapter in the history of the world4 ,for we never know the importance of the act we do4 ,the daughter of ,pharaoh little thought what she was doing for the human race1 and the vast unimaginable consequences that depended on her charitable act1 when she drew the little child of a ,hebrew woman from among the rushes that grew along the bank of the ,nile1 and determined to rear it as if it were her own4 ,how often has an act of charity1 costing the doer little1 given to the world a great painter1 a great musician1 a great inventor6 ,how often has such an act developed the ragged boy into the benefactor of his race6 ,on what small and apparently unimportant circumstances have turned and hinged the fates of the world's great conquerors4 ,there is no law that limits the returns that shall be reaped from a single good deed4 ,the widow's mite may not only be as acceptable to ,god1 but may produce as great results as the rich man's costly offering4 ,the poorest boy1 helped by benevolence1 may come to lead armies1 to control senates1 to decide on peace and war1 to dictate to cabinets2 and his magnificent thoughts and noble words may be law many years hereafter to millions of men yet unborn4 ,but the opportunity to effect a great good does not often occur to any one4 ,it is worse than folly for one to lie idle and inert1 and expect the accident to befall him1 by which his influences shall live forever4 ,he can expect that to happen1 only in consequence of one or many or all of a long series of acts4 ,he can expect to benefit the world only as men attain other results2 by continuance by persistence1 by a steady and uniform habit of laboring for the enlightenment of the world1 to the extent of his means and capacity4 ,for it is1 in all instances1 by steady labor1 by giving enough of application to our work1 and having enough of time for the doing of it1 by regular pains-taking1 and the plying of constant assiduities1 and not by any process of legerdemain1 that we secure the strength and the staple of real excellence4 ,it was thus that ,demosthenes1 clause after clause1 and sentence after sentence1 elaborated to the uttermost his immortal orations4 ,it was thus that ,newton pioneered his way1 by the steps of an ascending geometry1 to the mechanism of the ,heavens1 and ,le ,verrier added a planet to our ,solar ,system4 ,it is a most erroneous opinion that those who have left the most stupendous monuments of intellect behind them1 were not differently exercised from the rest of the species1 but only differently gifted2 that they signalized themselves only by their talent1 and hardly ever by their industry2 for it is in truth to the most strenuous application of those commonplace faculties which are diffused among all1 that they are indebted for the glories which now encircle their remembrance and their name4 ,we must not imagine it to be a vulgarizing of genius1 that it should be lighted up in any other way than by a direct inspiration from ,heaven2 nor overlook the steadfastness of purpose1 the devotion to some single but great object1 the unweariedness of labor that is given1 not in convulsive and preternatural throes1 but by little and little as the strength of the mind may bear it2 the accumulation of many small efforts1 instead of a few grand and gigantic1 but perhaps irregular movements1 on the part of energies that are marvellous2 by which former alone the great results are brought out that write their enduring records on the face of the earth and in the history of nations and of man4 ,we must not overlook these elements1 to which genius owes the best and proudest of her achievements2 nor imagine that qualities so generally possessed as patience and pains-taking1 and resolute industry1 have no share in upholding a distinction so illustrious as that of the benefactor of his kind4 ,we must not forget that great results are most ordinarily produced by an aggregate of many contributions and exertions2 as it is the invisible particles of vapor1 each separate and distinct from the other1 that1 rising from the oceans and their bays and gulfs1 from lakes and rivers1 and wide morasses and overflowed plains1 float away as clouds1 and distill upon the earth in dews1 and fall in showers and rain and snows upon the broad plains and rude mountains1 and make the great navigable streams that are the arteries along which flows the life-blood of a country4 ,and so ,masonry can do much1 if each ,mason be content to do his share1 and if their united efforts are directed by wise counsels to a common purpose4 ,it is for ,god and for ,omnipotency to do mighty things in a moment2 but by degrees to grow to greatness is the course that ,he hath left for man4 ,if ,masonry will but be true to her mission1 and ,masons to their promises and obligations--if1 re-entering vigorously upon a career of beneficence1 she and they will but pursue it earnestly and unfalteringly1 remembering that our contributions to the cause of charity and education then deserve the greatest credit when it costs us something1 the curtailing of a comfort or the relinquishment of a luxury1 to make them--if we will but give aid to what were once ,masonry's great schemes for human improvement1 not fitfully and spasmodically1 but regularly and incessantly1 as the vapors rise and the springs run1 and as the sun rises and the stars come up into the heavens1 then we may be sure that great results will be attained and a great work done4 ,and then it will most surely be seen that ,masonry is not effete or impotent1 nor degenerated nor drooping to a fatal decay4 ,illustration ,illustration ,,xi4 ,,sublime ,,elect ,,of ,,the ,,twelve2 ,,or ,,prince ,,ameth4 ,elu of the ,twelve4 ,the duties of a ,prince ,ameth are1 to be earnest1 true1 reliable1 and sincere2 to protect the people against illegal impositions and exactions2 to contend for their political rights1 and to see1 as far as he may or can1 that those bear the burdens who reap the benefits of the ,government4 ,you are to be true unto all men4 ,you are to be frank and sincere in all things4 ,you are to be earnest in doing whatever it is your duty to do4 ,and no man must repent that he has relied upon your resolve1 your profession1 or your word4 ,the great distinguishing characteristic of a ,mason is sympathy with his kind4 ,he recognizes in the human race one great family1 all connected with himself by those invisible links1 and that mighty net-work of circumstance1 forged and woven by ,god4 ,feeling that sympathy1 it is his first ,masonic duty to serve his fellow-man4 ,at his first entrance into the ,order1 he ceases to be isolated1 and becomes one of a great brotherhood1 assuming new duties toward every ,mason that lives1 as every ,mason at the same moment assumes them toward him4 ,nor are those duties on his part confined to ,masons alone4 ,he assumes many in regard to his country1 and especially toward the great1 suffering masses of the common people2 for they too are his brethren1 and ,god hears them1 inarticulate as the moanings of their misery are4 ,by all proper means1 of persuasion and influence1 and otherwise1 if the occasion and emergency require1 he is bound to defend them against oppression1 and tyrannical and illegal exactions4 ,he labors equally to defend and to improve the people4 ,he does not flatter them to mislead them1 nor fawn upon them to rule them1 nor conceal his opinions to humor them1 nor tell them that they can never err1 and that their voice is the voice of ,god4 ,he knows that the safety of every free government1 and its continuance and perpetuity depend upon the virtue and intelligence of the common people2 and that1 unless their liberty is of such a kind as arms can neither procure nor take away2 unless it is the fruit of manly courage1 of justice1 temperance1 and generous virtue--unless1 being such1 it has taken deep root in the minds and hearts of the people at large1 there will not long be wanting those who will snatch from them by treachery what they have acquired by arms or institutions4 ,he knows that if1 after being released from the toils of war1 the people neglect the arts of peace2 if their peace and liberty be a state of warfare2 if war be their only virtue1 and the summit of their praise1 they will soon find peace the most adverse to their interests4 ,it will be only a more distressing war2 and that which they imagined liberty will be the worst of slavery4 ,for1 unless by the means of knowledge and morality1 not frothy and loquacious1 but genuine1 unadulterated1 and sincere1 they clear the horizon of the mind from those mists of error and passion which arise from ignorance and vice1 they will always have those who will bend their necks to the yoke as if they were brutes2 who1 notwithstanding all their triumphs1 will put them up to the highest bidder1 as if they were mere booty made in war2 and find an exuberant source of wealth and power1 in the people's ignorance1 prejudice1 and passions4 ,the people that does not subjugate the propensity of the wealthy to avarice1 ambition1 and sensuality1 expel luxury from them and their families1 keep down pauperism1 diffuse knowledge among the poor1 and labor to raise the abject from the mire of vice and low indulgence1 and to keep the industrious from starving in sight of luxurious festivals1 will find that it has cherished1 in that avarice1 ambition1 sensuality1 selfishness1 and luxury of the one class1 and that degradation1 misery1 drunkenness1 ignorance1 and brutalization of the other1 more stubborn and intractable despots at home than it ever encountered in the field2 and even its very bowels will be continually teeming with the intolerable progeny of tyrants4 ,these are the first enemies to be subdued2 this constitutes the campaign of ,peace2 these are triumphs1 difficult indeed1 but bloodless2 and far more honorable than those trophies which are purchased only by slaughter and rapine2 and if not victors in this service1 it is in vain to have been victorious over the despotic enemy in the field4 ,for if any people thinks that it is a grander2 a more beneficial1 or a wiser policy1 to invent subtle expedients by stamps and imposts1 for increasing the revenue and draining the life-blood of an impoverished people2 to multiply its naval and military force2 to rival in craft the ambassadors of foreign states2 to plot the swallowing up of foreign territory2 to make crafty treaties and alliances2 to rule prostrate states and abject provinces by fear and force2 than to administer unpolluted justice to the people1 to relieve the condition and raise the estate of the toiling masses1 redress the injured and succor the distressed and conciliate the discontented1 and speedily restore to every one his own2 then that people is involved in a cloud of error1 and will too late perceive1 when the illusion of these mighty benefits has vanished1 that in neglecting these1 which it thought inferior considerations1 it has only been precipitating its own ruin and despair4 ,unfortunately1 every age presents its own special problem1 most difficult and often impossible to solve2 and that which this age offers1 and forces upon the consideration of all thinking men1 is this--how1 in a populous and wealthy country1 blessed with free institutions and a constitutional government1 are the great masses of the manual-labor class to be enabled to have steady work at fair wages1 to be kept from starvation1 and their children from vice and debauchery1 and to be furnished with that degree1 not of mere reading and writing1 but of knowledge1 that shall fit them intelligently to do the duties and exercise the privileges of freemen2 even to be intrusted with the dangerous right of suffrage8 ,for though we do not know why ,god1 being infinitely merciful as well as wise1 has so ordered it1 it seems to be unquestionably his law1 that even in civilized and ,christian countries1 the large mass of the population shall be fortunate1 if1 during their whole life1 from infancy to old age1 in health and sickness1 they have enough of the commonest and coarsest food to keep themselves and their children from the continual gnawing of hunger--enough of the commonest and coarsest clothing to protect themselves and their little ones from indecent exposure and the bitter cold2 and if they have over their heads the rudest shelter4 ,and ,he seems to have enacted this law--which no human community has yet found the means to abrogate--that when a country becomes populous1 capital shall concentrate in the hands of a limited number of persons1 and labor become more and more at its mercy1 until mere manual labor1 that of the weaver and ironworker1 and other artisans1 eventually ceases to be worth more than a bare subsistence1 and often1 in great cities and vast extents of country1 not even that1 and goes or crawls about in rags1 begging1 and starving for want of work4 ,while every ox and horse can find work1 and is worth being fed1 it is not always so with man4 ,to be employed1 to have a chance to work at anything like fair wages1 becomes the great engrossing object of a man's life4 ,the capitalist can live without employing the laborer1 and discharges him whenever that labor ceases to be profitable4 ,at the moment when the weather is most inclement1 provisions dearest1 and rents highest1 he turns him off to starve4 ,if the day-laborer is taken sick1 his wages stop4 ,when old1 he has no pension to retire upon4 ,his children cannot be sent to school2 for before their bones are hardened they must get to work lest they starve4 ,the man1 strong and able-bodied1 works for a shilling or two a day1 and the woman shivering over her little pan of coals1 when the mercury drops far below zero1 after her hungry children have wailed themselves to sleep1 sews by the dim light of her lonely candle1 for a bare pittance1 selling her life to him who bargained only for the work of her needle4 ,fathers and mothers slay their children1 to have the burial-fees1 that with the price of one child's life they may continue life in those that survive4 ,little girls with bare feet sweep the street crossings1 when the winter wind pinches them1 and beg piteously for pennies of those who wear warm furs4 ,children grow up in squalid misery and brutal ignorance2 want compels virgin and wife to prostitute themselves2 women starve and freeze1 and lean up against the walls of workhouses1 like bundles of foul rags1 all night long1 and night after night1 when the cold rain falls1 and there chances to be no room for them within2 and hundreds of families are crowded into a single building1 rife with horrors and teeming with foul air and pestilence2 where men1 women and children huddle together in their filth2 all ages and all colors sleeping indiscriminately together2 while1 in a great1 free1 ,republican ,state1 in the full vigor of its youth and strength1 one person in every seventeen is a pauper receiving charity4 ,how to deal with this apparently inevitable evil and mortal disease is by far the most important of all social problems4 ,what is to be done with pauperism and over-supply of labor8 ,how is the life of any country to last1 when brutality and drunken semi-barbarism vote1 and hold offices in their gift1 and by fit representatives of themselves control a government8 ,how1 if not wisdom and authority1 but turbulence and low vice are to exalt to senatorships miscreants reeking with the odors and pollution of the hell1 the prize-ring1 the brothel1 and the stock-exchange1 where gambling is legalized and rascality is laudable8 ,masonry will do all in its power1 by direct exertion and co-operation1 to improve and inform as well as to protect the people2 to better their physical condition1 relieve their miseries1 supply their wants1 and minister to their necessities4 ,let every ,mason in this good work do all that may be in his power4 ,for it is true now1 as it always was and always will be1 that to be free is the same thing as to be pious1 to be wise1 to be temperate and just1 to be frugal and abstinent1 and to be magnanimous and brave2 and to be the opposite of all these is the same as to be a slave4 ,and it usually happens1 by the appointment1 and1 as it were1 retributive justice of the ,deity1 that people which cannot govern themselves1 and moderate their passions1 but crouch under the slavery of their lusts and vices1 are delivered up to the sway of those whom they abhor1 and made to submit to an involuntary servitude4 ,and it is also sanctioned by the dictates of justice and by the constitution of ,nature1 that he who1 from the imbecility or derangement of his intellect1 is incapable of governing himself1 should1 like a minor1 be committed to the government of another4 ,above all things let us never forget that mankind constitutes one great brotherhood2 all born to encounter suffering and sorrow1 and therefore bound to sympathize with each other4 ,for no tower of ,pride was ever yet high enough to lift its possessor above the trials and fears and frailities of humanity4 ,no human hand ever built the wall1 nor ever shall1 that will keep out affliction1 pain1 and infirmity4 ,sickness and sorrow1 trouble and death1 are dispensations that level everything4 ,they know none1 high nor low4 ,the chief wants of life1 the great and grave necessities of the human soul1 give exemption to none4 ,they make all poor1 all weak4 ,they put supplication in the mouth of every human being1 as truly as in that of the meanest beggar4 ,but the principle of misery is not an evil principle4 ,we err1 and the consequences teach us wisdom4 ,all elements1 all the laws of things around us1 minister to this end2 and through the paths of painful error and mistake1 it is the design of ,providence to lead us to truth and happiness4 ,if erring only taught us to err2 if mistakes confirmed us in imprudence2 if the miseries caused by vicious indulgence had a natural tendency to make us more abject slaves of vice1 then suffering would be wholly evil4 ,but1 on the contrary1 all tends and is designed to produce amendment and improvement4 ,suffering is the discipline of virtue2 of that which is infinitely better than happiness1 and yet embraces in itself all essential happiness4 ,it nourishes1 invigorates1 and perfects it4 ,virtue is the prize of the severely-contested race and hard-fought battle2 and it is worth all the fatigue and wounds of the conflict4 ,man should go forth with a brave and strong heart1 to battle with calamity4 ,he is to master it1 and not let it become his master4 ,he is not to forsake the post of trial and of peril2 but to stand firmly in his lot1 until the great word of ,providence shall bid him fly1 or bid him sink4 ,with resolution and courage the ,mason is to do the work which it is appointed for him to do1 looking through the dark cloud of human calamity1 to the end that rises high and bright before him4 ,the lot of sorrow is great and sublime4 ,none suffer forever1 nor for nought1 nor without purpose4 ,it is the ordinance of ,god's wisdom1 and of ,his ,infinite ,love1 to procure for us infinite happiness and glory4 ,virtue is the truest liberty2 nor is he free who stoops to passions2 nor he in bondage who serves a noble master4 ,examples are the best and most lasting lectures2 virtue the best example4 ,he that hath done good deeds and set good precedents1 in sincerity1 is happy4 ,time shall not outlive his worth4 ,he lives truly after death1 whose good deeds are his pillars of remembrance2 and no day but adds some grains to his heap of glory4 ,good works are seeds1 that after sowing return us a continual harvest2 and the memory of noble actions is more enduring than monuments of marble4 ,life is a school4 ,the world is neither prison nor penitentiary1 nor a palace of ease1 nor an amphitheatre for games and spectacles2 but a place of instruction1 and discipline4 ,life is given for moral and spiritual training2 and the entire course of the great school of life is an education for virtue1 happiness1 and a future existence4 ,the periods of ,life are its terms2 all human conditions1 its forms2 all human employments1 its lessons4 ,families are the primary departments of this moral education2 the various circles of society1 its advanced stages2 ,kingdoms and ,republics1 its universities4 ,riches and ,poverty1 ,gayeties and ,sorrows1 ,marriages and ,funerals1 the ties of life bound or broken1 fit and fortunate1 or untoward and painful1 are all lessons4 ,events are not blindly and carelessly flung together4 ,providence does not school one man1 and screen another from the fiery trial of its lessons4 ,it has neither rich favorites nor poor victims4 ,one event happeneth to all4 ,one end and one design concern and urge all men4 ,the prosperous man has been at school4 ,perhaps he has thought that it was a great thing1 and he a great personage2 but he has been merely a pupil4 ,he thought1 perhaps1 that he was ,master1 and had nothing to do1 but to direct and command2 but there was ever a ,master above him1 the ,master of ,life4 ,he looks not at our splendid state1 or our many pretensions1 nor at the aids and appliances of our learning2 but at our learning itself4 ,he puts the poor and the rich upon the same form2 and knows no difference between them1 but their progress4 ,if from prosperity we have learned moderation1 temperance1 candor1 modesty1 gratitude to ,god1 and generosity to man1 then we are entitled to be honored and rewarded4 ,if we have learned selfishness1 self-indulgence1 wrong-doing1 and vice1 to forget and overlook our less fortunate brother1 and to scoff at the providence of ,god1 then we are unworthy and dishonored1 though we have been nursed in affluence1 or taken our degrees from the lineage of an hundred noble descents2 as truly so1 in the eye of ,heaven1 and of all right-thinking men1 as though we lay1 victims of beggary and disease1 in the hospital1 by the hedge1 or on the dung-hill4 ,the most ordinary human equity looks not at the school1 but at the scholar2 and the equity of ,heaven will not look beneath that mark4 ,the poor man also is at school4 ,let him take care that he learn1 rather than complain4 ,let him hold to his integrity1 his candor1 and his kindness of heart4 ,let him beware of envy1 and of bondage1 and keep his self-respect4 ,the body's toil is nothing4 ,let him beware of the mind's drudgery and degradation4 ,while he betters his condition if he can1 let him be more anxious to better his soul4 ,let him be willing1 while poor1 and even if always poor1 to learn poverty's great lessons1 fortitude1 cheerfulness1 contentment1 and implicit confidence in ,god's ,providence4 ,with these1 and patience1 calmness1 self-command1 disinterestedness1 and affectionate kindness1 the humble dwelling may be hallowed1 and made more dear and noble than the loftiest palace4 ,let him1 above all things1 see that he lose not his independence4 ,let him not cast himself1 a creature poorer than the poor1 an indolent1 helpless1 despised beggar1 on the kindness of others4 ,every man should choose to have ,god for his ,master1 rather than man2 and escape not from this school1 either by dishonesty or alms-taking1 lest he fall into that state1 worse than disgrace1 where he can have no respect for himself4 ,the ties of ,society teach us to love one another4 ,that is a miserable society1 where the absence of affectionate kindness is sought to be supplied by punctilious decorum1 graceful urbanity1 and polished insincerity2 where ambition1 jealousy1 and distrust rule1 in place of simplicity1 confidence1 and kindness4 ,so1 too1 the social state teaches modesty and gentleness2 and from neglect1 and notice unworthily bestowed on others1 and injustice1 and the world's failure to appreciate us1 we learn patience and quietness1 to be superior to society's opinion1 not cynical and bitter1 but gentle1 candid1 and affectionate still4 ,death is the great ,teacher1 stern1 cold1 inexorable1 irresistible2 whom the collected might of the world cannot stay or ward off4 ,the breath1 that parting from the lips of ,king or beggar1 scarcely stirs the hushed air1 cannot be bought1 or brought back for a moment1 with the wealth of ,empires4 ,what a lesson is this1 teaching our frailty and feebleness1 and an ,infinite ,power beyond us6 ,it is a fearful lesson1 that never becomes familiar4 ,it walks through the earth in dread mystery1 and lays its hands upon all4 ,it is a universal lesson1 that is read everywhere and by all men4 ,its message comes every year and every day4 ,the past years are crowded with its sad and solemn mementoes2 and death's finger traces its handwriting upon the walls of every human habitation4 ,it teaches us ,duty2 to act our part well2 to fulfill the work assigned us4 ,when one is dying1 and after he is dead1 there is but one question3 ,has he lived well8 ,there is no evil in death but that which life makes4 ,there are hard lessons in the school of ,god's ,providence2 and yet the school of life is carefully adjusted1 in all its arrangements and tasks1 to man's powers and passions4 ,there is no extravagance in its teachings2 nor is anything done for the sake of present effect4 ,the whole course of human life is a conflict with difficulties2 and1 if rightly conducted1 a progress in improvement4 ,it is never too late for man to learn4 ,not part only1 but the whole1 of life is a school4 ,there never comes a time1 even amidst the decays of age1 when it is fit to lay aside the eagerness of acquisition1 or the cheerfulness of endeavor4 ,man walks1 all through the course of life1 in patience and strife1 and sometimes in darkness2 for1 from patience is to come perfection2 from strife1 triumph is to issue2 from the cloud of darkness the lightning is to flash that shall open the way to eternity4 ,let the ,mason be faithful in the school of life1 and to all its lessons6 ,let him not learn nothing1 nor care not whether he learns or not4 ,let not the years pass over him1 witnesses of only his sloth and indifference2 or see him zealous to acquire everything but virtue4 ,nor let him labor only for himself2 nor forget that the humblest man that lives is his brother1 and hath a claim on his sympathies and kind offices2 and that beneath the rough garments which labor wears may beat hearts as noble as throb under the stars of princes4 ,god1 who counts by souls1 not stations1 ,loves and pities you and me2 ,for to ,him all vain distinctions ,are as pebbles on the sea4 ,nor are the other duties inculcated in this ,degree of less importance4 ,truth1 a ,mason is early told1 is a ,divine attribute and the foundation of every virtue2 and frankness1 reliability1 sincerity1 straightforwardness1 plain-dealing1 are but different modes in which ,truth develops itself4 ,the dead1 the absent1 the innocent1 and those that trust him1 no ,mason will deceive willingly4 ,to all these he owes a nobler justice1 in that they are the most certain trials of human ,equity4 ,only the most abandoned of men1 said ,cicero will deceive him1 who would have remained uninjured if he had not trusted4 ,all the noble deeds that have beat their marches through succeeding ages have proceeded from men of truth and genuine courage4 ,the man who is always true is both virtuous and wise2 and thus possesses the greatest guards of safety3 for the law has not power to strike the virtuous2 nor can fortune subvert the wise4 ,the bases of ,masonry being morality and virtue1 it is by studying one and practising the other1 that the conduct of a ,mason becomes irreproachable4 ,the good of ,humanity being its principal object1 disinterestedness is one of the first virtues that it requires of its members2 for that is the 'source of justice and beneficence4 ,to pity the misfortunes of others2 to be humble1 but without meanness2 to be proud1 but without arrogance2 to abjure every sentiment of hatred and revenge2 to show himself magnanimous and liberal1 without ostentation and without profusion2 to be the enemy of vice2 to pay homage to wisdom and virtue2 to respect innocence2 to be constant and patient in adversity1 and modest in prosperity2 to avoid every irregularity that stains the soul and distempers the body--it is by following these precepts that a ,mason will become a good citizen1 a faithful husband1 a tender father1 an obedient son1 and a true brother2 will honor friendship1 and fulfill with ardor the duties which virtue and the social relations impose upon him4 ,it is because ,masonry imposes upon us these duties that it is properly and significantly styled work2 and he who imagines that he becomes a ,mason by merely taking the first two or three ,degrees1 and that he may1 having leisurely stepped upon that small elevation1 thenceforward worthily wear the honors of ,masonry1 without labor or exertion1 or self-denial or sacrifice1 and that there is nothing to be done in ,masonry1 is strangely deceived4 ,is it true that nothing remains to be done in ,masonry8 ,does one ,brother no longer proceed by law against another ,brother of his ,lodge1 in regard to matters that could be easily settled within the ,masonic family circle8 ,has the duel1 that hideous heritage of barbarism1 interdicted among ,brethren by our fundamental laws1 and denounced by the municipal code1 yet disappeared from the soil we inhabit8 ,do ,masons of high rank religiously refrain from it2 or do they not1 bowing to a corrupt public opinion1 submit to its arbitrament1 despite the scandal which it occasions to the ,order1 and in violation of the feeble restraint of their oath8 ,do ,masons no longer form uncharitable opinions of their ,brethren1 enter harsh judgments against them1 and judge themselves by one rule and their ,brethren by another8 ,has ,masonry any well-regulated system of charity8 ,has it done that which it should have done for the cause of education8 ,where are its schools1 its academies1 its colleges1 its hospitals1 and infirmaries8 ,are political controversies now conducted with no violence and bitterness8 ,do ,masons refrain from defaming and denouncing their ,brethren who differ with them in religious or political opinions8 ,what grand social problems or useful projects engage our attention at our communications8 ,where in our ,lodges are lectures habitually delivered for the real instruction of the ,brethren8 ,do not our sessions pass in the discussion of minor matters of business1 the settlement of points of order and questions of mere administration1 and the admission and advancement of ,candidates1 whom after their admission we take no pains to instruct8 ,in what ,lodge are our ceremonies explained and elucidated2 corrupted as they are by time1 until their true features can scarcely be distinguished2 and where are those great primitive truths of revelation taught1 which ,masonry has preserved to the world8 ,we have high dignities and sounding titles4 ,do their possessors qualify themselves to enlighten the world in respect to the aims and objects of ,masonry8 ,descendants of those ,initiates who governed empires1 does your influence enter into practical life and operate efficiently in behalf of well-regulated and constitutional liberty8 ,your debates should be but friendly conversations4 ,you need concord1 union1 and peace4 ,why then do you retain among you men who excite rivalries and jealousies2 why permit great and violent controversy and ambitious pretensions8 ,how do your own words and acts agree8 ,if your ,masonry is a nullity1 how can you exercise any influence on others8 ,continually you praise each other1 and utter elaborate and high-wrought eulogies upon the ,order4 ,everywhere you assume that you are what you should be1 and nowhere do you look upon yourselves as you are4 ,is it true that all our actions are so many acts of homage to virtue8 ,explore the recesses of your hearts2 let us examine ourselves with an impartial eye1 and make answer to our own questioning6 ,can we bear to ourselves the consoling testimony that we always rigidly perform our duties2 that we even half perform them8 ,let us away with this odious self-flattery6 ,let us be men1 if we cannot be sages6 ,the laws of ,masonry1 above others excellent1 cannot wholly change men's natures4 ,they enlighten them1 they point out the true way2 but they can lead them in it1 only by repressing the fire of their passions1 and subjugating their selfishness4 ,alas1 these conquer1 and ,masonry is forgotten6 ,after praising each other all our lives1 there are always excellent ,brethren1 who1 over our coffins1 shower unlimited eulogies4 ,every one of us who dies1 however useless his life1 has been a model of all the virtues1 a very child of the celestial light4 ,in ,egypt1 among our old ,masters1 where ,masonry was more cultivated than vanity1 no one could gain admittance to the sacred asylum of the tomb until he had passed under the most solemn judgment4 ,a grave tribunal sat in judgment upon all1 even the kings4 ,they said to the dead1 ,whoever thou art1 give account to thy country of thy actions6 ,what hast thou done with thy time and life8 ,the law interrogates thee1 thy country hears thee1 ,truth sits in judgment on thee6 ,princes came there to be judged1 escorted only by their virtues and their vices4 ,a public accuser recounted the history of the dead man's life1 and threw the blaze of the torch of truth on all his actions4 ,if it were adjudged that he had led an evil life1 his memory was condemned in the presence of the nation1 and his body was denied the honors of sepulture4 ,what a lesson the old ,masonry taught to the sons of the people6 ,is it true that ,masonry is effete2 that the acacia1 withered1 affords no shade2 that ,masonry no longer marches in the advance-guard of ,truth8 ,no4 ,is freedom yet universal8 ,have ignorance and prejudice disappeared from the earth8 ,are there no longer enmities among men8 ,do cupidity and falsehood no longer exist8 ,do toleration and harmony prevail among religious and political sects8 ,there are works yet left for ,masonry to accomplish1 greater than the twelve labors of ,hercules2 to advance ever resolutely and steadily2 to enlighten the minds of the people1 to reconstruct society1 to reform the laws1 and improve the public morals4 ,the eternity in front of it is as infinite as the one behind4 ,and ,masonry cannot cease to labor in the cause of social progress1 without ceasing to be true to itself1 without ceasing to be ,masonry4 ,illustration ,illustration3 ,t4,d4,i4,c4,g4 ,,xii4 ,,grand ,,master ,,architect4 ,master ,architect4 ,the great duties that are inculcated by the lessons taught by the working-instruments of a ,grand ,master ,architect1 demanding so much of us1 and taking for granted the capacity to perform them faithfully and fully1 bring us at once to reflect upon the dignity of human nature1 and the vast powers and capacities of the human soul2 and to that theme we invite your attention in this ,degree4 ,let us begin to rise from earth toward the ,stars4 ,evermore the human soul struggles toward the light1 toward ,god1 and the ,infinite4 ,it is especially so in its afflictions4 ,words go but a little way into the depths of sorrow4 ,the thoughts that writhe there in silence1 that go into the stillness of ,infinitude and ,eternity1 have no emblems4 ,thoughts enough come there1 such as no tongue ever uttered4 ,they do not so much want human sympathy1 as higher help4 ,there is a loneliness in deep sorrow which the ,deity alone can relieve4 ,alone1 the mind wrestles with the great problem of calamity1 and seeks the solution from the ,infinite ,providence of ,heaven1 and thus is led directly to ,god4 ,there are many things in us of which we are not distinctly conscious4 ,to waken that slumbering consciousness into life1 and so to lead the soul up to the ,light1 is one office of every great ministration to human nature1 whether its vehicle be the pen1 the pencil1 or the tongue4 ,we are unconscious of the intensity and awfulness of the life within us4 ,health and sickness1 joy and sorrow1 success and disappointment1 life and death1 love and loss1 are familiar words upon our lips2 and we do not know to what depths they point within us4 ,we seem never to know what any thing means or is worth until we have lost it4 ,many an organ1 nerve1 and fibre in our bodily frame performs its silent part for years1 and we are quite unconscious of its value4 ,it is not until it is injured that we discover that value1 and find how essential it was to our happiness and comfort4 ,we never know the full significance of the words1 property1 ease1 and health2 the wealth of meaning in the fond epithets1 parent1 child1 beloved1 and friend1 until the thing or the person is taken away2 until1 in place of the bright1 visible being1 comes the awful and desolate shadow1 where nothing is3 where we stretch out our hands in vain1 and strain our eyes upon dark and dismal vacuity4 ,yet1 in that vacuity1 we do not lose the object that we loved4 ,it becomes only the more real to us4 ,our blessings not only brighten when they depart1 but are fixed in enduring reality2 and love and friendship receive their everlasting seal under the cold impress of death4 ,a dim consciousness of infinite mystery and grandeur lies beneath all the commonplace of life4 ,there is an awfulness and a majesty around us1 in all our little worldliness4 ,the rude peasant from the ,apennines1 asleep at the foot of a pillar in a majestic ,roman church1 seems not to hear or see1 but to dream only of the herd he feeds or the ground he tills in the mountains4 ,but the choral symphonies fall softly upon his ear1 and the gilded arches are dimly seen through his half-slumbering eyelids4 ,so the soul1 however given up to the occupations of daily life1 cannot quite lose the sense of where it is1 and of what is above it and around it4 ,the scene of its actual engagements may be small2 the path of its steps1 beaten and familiar2 the objects it handles1 easily spanned1 and quite worn out with daily uses4 ,so it may be1 and amidst such things that we all live4 ,so we live our little life2 but ,heaven is above us and all around and close to us2 and ,eternity is before us and behind us2 and suns and stars are silent witnesses and watchers over us4 ,we are enfolded by ,infinity4 ,infinite ,powers and ,infinite spaces lie all around us4 ,the dread arch of ,mystery spreads over us1 and no voice ever pierced it4 ,eternity is enthroned amid ,heaven's myriad starry heights2 and no utterance or word ever came from those far-off and silent spaces4 ,above1 is that awful majesty2 around us1 everywhere1 it stretches off into infinity2 and beneath it is this little struggle of life1 this poor day's conflict1 this busy ant-hill of ,time4 ,but from that ant-hill1 not only the talk of the streets1 the sounds of music and revelling1 the stir and tread of a multitude1 the shout of joy and the shriek of agony go up into the silent and all-surrounding ,infinitude2 but also1 amidst the stir and noise of visible life1 from the inmost bosom of the visible man1 there goes up an imploring call1 a beseeching cry1 an asking1 unuttered1 and unutterable1 for revelation1 wailingly and in almost speechless agony praying the dread arch of mystery to break1 and the stars that roll above the waves of mortal trouble1 to speak2 the enthroned majesty of those awful heights to find a voice2 the mysterious and reserved heavens to come near2 and all to tell us what they alone know2 to give us information of the loved and lost2 to make known to us what we are1 and whither we are going4 ,man is encompassed with a dome of incomprehensible wonders4 ,in him and about him is that which should fill his life with majesty and sacredness4 ,something of sublimity and sanctity has thus flashed down from heaven into the heart of every one that lives4 ,there is no being so base and abandoned but hath some traits of that sacredness left upon him2 something1 so much perhaps in discordance with his general repute1 that he hides it from all around him2 some sanctuary in his soul1 where no one may enter2 some sacred inclosure1 where the memory of a child is1 or the image of a venerated parent1 or the remembrance of a pure love1 or the echo of some word of kindness once spoken to him2 an echo that will never die away4 ,life is no negative1 or superficial or worldly existence4 ,our steps are evermore haunted with thoughts1 far beyond their own range1 which some have regarded as the reminiscences of a pre-existent state4 ,so it is with us all1 in the beaten and worn track of this worldly pilgrimage4 ,there is more here1 than the world we live in4 ,it is not all of life to live4 ,an unseen and infinite presence is here2 a sense of something greater than we possess2 a seeking1 through all the void wastes of life1 for a good beyond it2 a crying out of the heart for interpretation2 a memory of the dead1 touching continually some vibrating thread in this great tissue of mystery4 ,we all not only have better intimations1 but are capable of better things than we know4 ,the pressure of some great emergency would develop in us powers1 beyond the worldly bias of our spirits2 and ,heaven so deals with us1 from time to time1 as to call forth those better things4 ,there is hardly a family in the world so selfish1 but that1 if one in it were doomed to die--one1 to be selected by the others1--it would be utterly impossible for its members1 parents and children1 to choose out that victim2 but that each would say1 ,i will die2 but ,i cannot choose4 ,and in how many1 if that dire extremity had come1 would not one and another step forth1 freed from the vile meshes of ordinary selfishness1 and say1 like the ,roman father and son1 ,let the blow fall on me6 ,there are greater and better things in us all1 than the world takes account of1 or than we take note of2 if we would but find them out4 ,and it is one part of our ,masonic culture to find these traits of power and sublime devotion1 to revive these faded impressions of generosity and self-sacrifice1 the almost squandered bequests of ,god's love and kindness to our souls2 and to induce us to yield ourselves to their guidance and control4 ,upon all conditions of men presses down one impartial law4 ,to all situations1 to all fortunes1 high or low1 the mind gives their character4 ,they are1 in effect1 not what they are in themselves1 but what they are to the feeling of their possessors4 ,the ,king may be mean1 degraded1 miserable2 the slave of ambition1 fear1 voluptuousness1 and every low passion4 ,the ,peasant may be the real ,monarch1 the moral master of his fate1 a free and lofty being1 more than a ,prince in happiness1 more than a ,king in honor4 ,man is no bubble upon the sea of his fortunes1 helpless and irresponsible upon the tide of events4 ,out of the same circumstances1 different men bring totally different results4 ,the same difficulty1 distress1 poverty1 or misfortune1 that breaks down one man1 builds up another and makes him strong4 ,it is the very attribute and glory of a man1 that he can bend the circumstances of his condition to the intellectual and moral purposes of his nature1 and it is the power and mastery of his will that chiefly distinguish him from the brute4 ,the faculty of moral will1 developed in the child1 is a new element of his nature4 ,it is a new power brought upon the scene1 and a ruling power1 delegated from ,heaven4 ,never was a human being sunk so low that he had not1 by ,god's gift1 the power to rise4 ,because ,god commands him to rise1 it is certain that he can rise4 ,every man has the power1 and should use it1 to make all situations1 trials1 and temptations instruments to promote his virtue and happiness2 and is so far from being the creature of circumstances1 that he creates and controls them1 making them to be all that they are1 of evil or of good1 to him as a moral being4 ,life is what we make it1 and the world is what we make it4 ,the eyes of the cheerful and of the melancholy man are fixed upon the same creation2 but very different are the aspects which it bears to them4 ,to the one1 it is all beauty and gladness2 the waves of ocean roll in light1 and the mountains are covered with day4 ,life1 to him1 flashes1 rejoicing1 upon every flower and every tree that trembles in the breeze4 ,there is more to him1 everywhere1 than the eye sees2 a presence of profound joy on hill and valley1 and bright1 dancing water4 ,the other idly or mournfully gazes at the same scene1 and everything wears a dull1 dim1 and sickly aspect4 ,the murmuring of the brooks is a discord to him1 the great roar of the sea has an angry and threatening emphasis1 the solemn music of the pines sings the requiem of his departed happiness2 the cheerful light shines garishly upon his eyes and offends him4 ,the great train of the seasons passes before him like a funeral procession2 and he sighs1 and turns impatiently away4 ,the eye makes that which it looks upon2 the ear makes its own melodies and discords2 the world without reflects the world within4 ,let the ,mason never forget that life and the world are what we make them by our social character2 by our adaptation1 or want of adaptation to the social conditions1 relationships1 and pursuits of the world4 ,to the selfish1 the cold1 and the insensible1 to the haughty and presuming1 to the proud1 who demand more than they are likely to receive1 to the jealous1 ever afraid they shall not receive enough1 to those who are unreasonably sensitive about the good or ill opinions of others1 to all violators of the social laws1 the rude1 the violent1 the dishonest1 and the sensual1--to all these1 the social condition1 from its very nature1 will present annoyances1 disappointments1 and pains1 appropriate to their several characters4 ,the benevolent affections will not revolve around selfishness2 the cold-hearted must expect to meet coldness2 the proud1 haughtiness2 the passionate1 anger2 and the violent1 rudeness4 ,those who forget the rights of others1 must not be surprised if their own are forgotten2 and those who stoop to the lowest embraces of sense must not wonder1 if others are not concerned to find their prostrate honor1 and lift it up to the remembrance and respect of the world4 ,to the gentle1 many will be gentle2 to the kind1 many will be kind4 ,a good man will find that there is goodness in the world2 an honest man will find that there is honesty in the world2 and a man of principle will find principle and integrity in the minds of others4 ,there are no blessings which the mind may not convert into the bitterest of evils2 and no trials which it may not transform into the noblest and divinest blessings4 ,there are no temptations from which assailed virtue may not gain strength1 instead of falling before them1 vanquished and subdued4 ,it is true that temptations have a great power1 and virtue often falls2 but the might of these temptations lies not in themselves1 but in the feebleness of our own virtue1 and the weakness of our own hearts4 ,we rely too much on the strength of our ramparts and bastions1 and allow the enemy to make his approaches1 by trench and parallel1 at his leisure4 ,the offer of dishonest gain and guilty pleasure makes the honest man more honest1 and the pure man more pure4 ,they raise his virtue to the height of towering indignation4 ,the fair occasion1 the safe opportunity1 the tempting chance become the defeat and disgrace of the tempter4 ,the honest and upright man does not wait until temptation has made its approaches and mounted its batteries on the last parallel4 ,but to the impure1 the dishonest1 the false-hearted1 the corrupt1 and the sensual1 occasions come every day1 and in every scene1 and through every avenue of thought and imagination4 ,he is prepared to capitulate before the first approach is commenced2 and sends out the white flag when the enemy's advance comes in sight of his walls4 ,he makes occasions2 or1 if opportunities come not1 evil thoughts come1 and he throws wide open the gates of his heart and welcomes those bad visitors1 and entertains them with a lavish hospitality4 ,the business of the world absorbs1 corrupts1 and degrades one mind1 while in another it feeds and nurses the noblest independence1 integrity1 and generosity4 ,pleasure is a poison to some1 and a healthful refreshment to others4 ,to one1 the world is a great harmony1 like a noble strain of music with infinite modulations2 to another1 it is a huge factory1 the clash and clang of whose machinery jars upon his ears and frets him to madness4 ,life is substantially the same thing to all who partake of its lot4 ,yet some rise to virtue and glory2 while others1 undergoing the same discipline1 and enjoying the same privileges1 sink to shame and perdition4 ,thorough1 faithful1 and honest endeavor to improve1 is always successful1 and the highest happiness4 ,to sigh sentimentally over human misfortune1 is fit only for the mind's childhood2 and the mind's misery is chiefly its own fault2 appointed1 under the good ,providence of ,god1 as the punisher and corrector of its fault4 ,in the long run1 the mind will be happy1 just in proportion to its fidelity and wisdom4 ,when it is miserable1 it has planted the thorns in its own path2 it grasps them1 and cries out in loud complaint2 and that complaint is but the louder confession that the thorns which grew there1 it planted4 ,a certain kind and degree of spirituality enter into the largest part of even the most ordinary life4 ,you can carry on no business1 without some faith in man4 ,you cannot even dig in the ground1 without a reliance on the unseen result4 ,you cannot think or reason or even step1 without confiding in the inward1 spiritual principles of your nature4 ,all the affections and bonds1 and hopes and interests of life centre in the spiritual2 and you know that if that central bond were broken1 the world would rush to chaos4 ,believe that there is a ,god2 that ,he is our father2 that ,he has a paternal interest in our welfare and improvement2 that ,he has given us powers1 by means of which we may escape from sin and ruin2 that ,he has destined us to a future life of endless progress toward perfection and a knowledge of ,himself--believe this1 as every ,mason should1 and you can live calmly1 endure patiently1 labor resolutely1 deny yourselves cheerfully1 hope steadfastly1 and be conquerors in the great struggle of life4 ,take away any one of these principles1 and what remains for us8 ,say that there is no ,god2 or no way opened for hope and reformation and triumph1 no heaven to come1 no rest for the weary1 no home in the bosom of ,god for the afflicted and disconsolate soul2 or that ,god is but an ugly blind ,chance that stabs in the dark2 or a somewhat that is1 when attempted to be defined1 a nowhat1 emotionless1 passionless1 the ,supreme ,apathy to which all things1 good and evil1 are alike indifferent2 or a jealous ,god who revengefully visits the sins of the fathers on the children1 and when the fathers have eaten sour grapes1 sets the children's teeth on edge2 an arbitrary supreme ,will1 that has made it right to be virtuous1 and wrong to lie and steal1 because ,,it pleased to make it so rather than otherwise1 retaining the power to reverse the law2 or a fickle1 vacillating1 inconstant ,deity1 or a cruel1 bloodthirsty1 savage ,hebrew or ,puritanic one2 and we are but the sport of chance and the victims of despair2 hapless wanderers upon the face of a desolate forsaken1 or accursed and hated earth2 surrounded by darkness1 struggling with obstacles1 toiling for barren results and empty purposes1 distracted with doubts1 and misled by false gleams of light2 wanderers with no way1 no prospect1 no home2 doomed and deserted mariners on a dark and stormy sea1 without compass or course1 to whom no stars appear2 tossing helmless upon the weltering1 angry waves1 with no blessed haven in the distance whose guiding-star invites us to its welcome rest4 ,the religious faith thus taught by ,masonry is indispensable to the attainment of the great ends of life2 and must therefore have been designed to be a part of it4 ,we are made for this faith2 and there must be something1 somewhere1 for us to believe in4 ,we cannot grow healthfully1 nor live happily1 without it4 ,it is therefore true4 ,if we could cut off from any soul all the principles taught by ,masonry1 the faith in a ,god1 in immortality1 in virtue1 in essential rectitude1 that soul would sink into sin1 misery1 darkness1 and ruin4 ,if we could cut off all sense of these truths1 the man would sink at once to the grade of the animal4 ,no man can suffer and be patient1 can struggle and conquer1 can improve and be happy1 otherwise than as the swine are1 without conscience1 without hope1 without a reliance on a just1 wise1 and beneficent ,god4 ,we must1 of necessity1 embrace the great truths taught by ,masonry1 and live by them1 to live happily4 ,i put my trust in ,god1 is the protest of ,masonry against the belief in a cruel1 angry1 and revengeful ,god1 to be feared and not reverenced by ,his creatures4 ,society1 in its great relations1 is as much the creation of ,heaven as is the system of the ,universe4 ,if that bond of gravitation that holds all worlds and systems together1 were suddenly severed1 the universe would fly into wild and boundless chaos4 ,and if we were to sever all the moral bonds that hold society together2 if we could cut off from it every conviction of ,truth and ,integrity1 of an authority above it1 and of a conscience within it1 it would immediately rush to disorder and frightful anarchy and ruin4 ,the religion we teach is therefore as really a principle of things1 and as certain and true1 as gravitation4 ,faith in moral principles1 in virtue1 and in ,god1 is as necessary for the guidance of a man1 as instinct is for the guidance of an animal4 ,and therefore this faith1 as a principle of man's nature1 has a mission as truly authentic in ,god's ,providence1 as the principle of instinct4 ,the pleasures of the soul1 too1 must depend on certain principles4 ,they must recognize a soul1 its properties and responsibilities1 a conscience1 and the sense of an authority above us2 and these are the principles of faith4 ,no man can suffer and be patient1 can struggle and conquer1 can improve and be happy1 without conscience1 without hope1 without a reliance on a just1 wise1 and beneficent ,god4 ,we must of necessity embrace the great truths taught by ,masonry1 and live by them1 to live happily4 ,everything in the universe has fixed and certain laws and principles for its action2--the star in its orbit1 the animal in its activity1 the physical man in his functions4 ,and he has likewise fixed and certain laws and principles as a spiritual being4 ,his soul does not die for want of aliment or guidance4 ,for the rational soul there is ample provision4 ,from the lofty pine1 rocked in the darkening tempest1 the cry of the young raven is heard2 and it would be most strange if there were no answer for the cry and call of the soul1 tortured by want and sorrow and agony4 ,the total rejection of all moral and religious belief would strike out a principle from human nature1 as essential to it as gravitation to the stars1 instinct to animal life1 the circulation of the blood to the human body4 ,god has ordained that life shall be a social state4 ,we are members of a civil community4 ,the life of that community depends upon its moral condition4 ,public spirit1 intelligence1 uprightness1 temperance1 kindness1 domestic purity1 will make it a happy community1 and give it prosperity and continuance4 ,wide-spread selfishness1 dishonesty1 intemperance1 libertinism1 corruption1 and crime1 will make it miserable1 and bring about dissolution and speedy ruin4 ,a whole people lives one life2 one mighty heart heaves in its bosom2 it is one great pulse of existence that throbs there4 ,one stream of life flows there1 with ten thousand intermingled branches and channels1 through all the homes of human love4 ,one sound as of many waters1 a rapturous jubilee or a mournful sighing1 comes up from1 the congregated dwellings of a whole nation4 ,the ,public is no vague abstraction2 nor should that which is done against that ,public1 against public interest1 law1 or virtue1 press but lightly on the conscience4 ,it is but a vast expansion of individual life2 an ocean of tears1 an atmosphere of sighs1 or a great whole of joy and gladness4 ,it suffers with the suffering of millions2 it rejoices with the joy of millions4 ,what a vast crime does he commit1--private man or public man1 agent or contractor1 legislator or magistrate1 secretary or president1--who dares1 with indignity and wrong1 to strike the bosom of the ,public ,welfare1 to encourage venality and corruption1 and shameful sale of the elective franchise1 or of office2 to sow dissension1 and to weaken the bonds of amity that bind a ,nation together6 ,what a huge iniquity1 he who1 with vices like the daggers of a parricide1 dares to pierce that mighty heart1 in which the ocean of existence is flowing6 ,what an unequalled interest lies in the virtue of every one whom we love6 ,in his virtue1 nowhere but in his virtue1 is garnered up the incomparable treasure4 ,what care we for brother or friend1 compared with what we care for his honor1 his fidelity1 his reputation1 his kindness8 ,how venerable is the rectitude of a parent6 ,how sacred his reputation6 ,no blight that can fall upon a child1 is like a parent's dishonor4 ,heathen or ,christian1 every parent would have his child do well2 and pours out upon him all the fullness of parental love1 in the one desire that he may do well2 that he may be worthy of his cares1 and his freely bestowed pains2 that he may walk in the way of honor and happiness4 ,in that way he cannot walk one step without virtue4 ,such is life1 in its relationships4 ,a thousand ties embrace it1 like the fine nerves of a delicate organization2 like the strings of an instrument capable of sweet melodies1 but easily put out of tune or broken1 by rudeness1 anger1 and selfish indulgence4 ,if life could1 by any process1 be made insensible to pain and pleasure2 if the human heart were hard as adamant1 then avarice1 ambition1 and sensuality might channel out their paths in it1 and make it their beaten way2 and none would wonder or protest4 ,if we could be patient under the load of a mere worldly life2 if we could bear that burden as the beasts bear it2 then1 like beasts1 we might bend all our thoughts to the earth2 and no call from the great ,heavens above us would startle us from our plodding and earthly course4 ,but we art not insensible brutes1 who can refuse the call of reason and conscience4 ,the soul is capable of remorse4 ,when the great dispensations of life press down upon us1 we weep1 and suffer and sorrow4 ,and sorrow and agony desire other companionships than worldliness and irreligion4 ,we are not willing to bear those burdens of the heart1 fear1 anxiety1 disappointment1 and trouble1 without any object or use4 ,we are not willing to suffer1 to be sick and afflicted1 to have our days and months lost to comfort and joy1 and overshadowed with calamity and grief1 without advantage or compensation2 to barter away the dearest treasures1 the very sufferings1 of the heart2 to sell the life-blood from failing frame and fading cheek1 our tears of bitterness and groans of anguish1 for nothing4 ,human nature1 frail1 feeling1 sensitive1 and sorrowing1 cannot bear to suffer for nought4 ,everywhere1 human life is a great and solemn dispensation4 ,man1 suffering1 enjoying1 loving1 hating1 hoping1 and fearing1 chained to the earth and yet exploring the far recesses of the universe1 has the power to commune with ,god and ,his angels4 ,around this great action of existence the curtains of ,time are drawn2 but there are openings through them which give us glimpses of eternity4 ,god looks down upon this scene of human probation4 ,the wise and the good in all ages have interposed for it1 with their teachings and their blood4 ,everything that exists around us1 every movement in nature1 every counsel of ,providence1 every interposition of ,god1 centres upon one point--the fidelity of man4 ,and even if the ghosts of the departed and remembered could come at midnight through the barred doors of our dwellings1 and the shrouded dead should glide through the aisles of our churches and sit in our ,masonic ,temples1 their teachings would be no more eloquent and impressive than the dread realities of life2 than those memories of misspent years1 those ghosts of departed opportunities1 that1 pointing to our conscience and eternity1 cry continually in our ears1 ,work while the day lasts6 for the night of death cometh1 in which no man can work4 ,there are no tokens of public mourning for the calamity of the soul4 ,men weep when the body dies2 and when it is borne to its rest1 they follow it with sad and mournful procession4 ,but for the dying soul there is no open lamentation2 for the lost soul there are no obsequies4 ,and yet the mind and soul of man have a value which nothing else has4 ,they are worth a care which nothing else is worth2 and to the single1 solitary individual1 they ought to possess an interest which nothing else possesses4 ,the stored treasures of the heart1 the unfathomable mines that are in the soul to be wrought1 the broad and boundless realms of ,thought1 the freighted argosy of man's hopes and best affections1 are brighter than gold and dearer than treasure4 ,and yet the mind is in reality little known or considered4 ,it is all which man permanently is1 his inward being1 his divine energy1 his immortal thought1 his boundless capacity1 his infinite aspiration2 and nevertheless1 few value it for what it is worth4 ,few see a brother-mind in others1 through the rags with which poverty has clothed it1 beneath the crushing burdens of life1 amidst the close pressure of worldly troubles1 wants and sorrows4 ,few acknowledge and cheer it in that humble blot1 and feel that the nobility of earth1 and the commencing glory of ,heaven are there4 ,men do not feel the worth of their own souls4 ,they are proud of their mental powers2 but the intrinsic1 inner1 infinite worth of their own minds they do not perceive4 ,the poor man1 admitted to a palace1 feels1 lofty and immortal being as he is1 like a mere ordinary thing amid the splendors that surround him4 ,he sees the carriage of wealth roll by him1 and forgets the intrinsic and eternal dignity of his own mind in a poor and degrading envy1 and feels as an humbler creature1 because others are above him1 not in mind1 but in mensuration4 ,men respect themselves1 according as they are more wealthy1 higher in rank or office1 loftier in the world's opinion1 able to command more votes1 more the favorites of the people or of ,power4 ,the difference among men is not so much in their nature and intrinsic power1 as in the faculty of communication4 ,some have the capacity of uttering and embodying in words their thoughts4 ,all men1 more or less1 feel those thoughts4 ,the glory of genius and the rapture of virtue1 when rightly revealed1 are diffused and shared among unnumbered minds4 ,when eloquence and poetry speak2 when those glorious arts1 statuary1 painting1 and music1 take audible or visible shape2 when patriotism1 charity1 and virtue speak with a thrilling potency1 the hearts of thousands glow with kindred joy and ecstasy4 ,if it were not so1 there would be no eloquence2 for eloquence is that to which other hearts respond2 it is the faculty and power of making other hearts respond4 ,no one is so low or degraded1 as not sometimes to be touched with the beauty of goodness4 ,no heart is made of materials so common1 or even base1 as not sometimes to respond1 through every chord of it1 to the call of honor1 patriotism1 generosity1 and virtue4 ,the poor ,african ,slave will die for the master or mistress1 or in defence of the children1 whom he loves4 ,the poor1 lost1 scorned1 abandoned1 outcast woman will1 without expectation of reward1 nurse those who are dying on every hand1 utter strangers to her1 with a contagious and horrid pestilence4 ,the pickpocket will scale burning walls to rescue child or woman1 unknown to him1 from the ravenous flames4 ,most glorious is this capacity6 ,a power to commune with ,god and ,his ,angels2 a reflection of the ,uncreated ,light2 a mirror that can collect and concentrate upon itself all the moral splendors of the ,universe4 ,it is the soul alone that gives any value to the things of this world2 and it is only by raising the soul to its just elevation above all other things1 that we can look rightly upon the purposes of this earth4 ,no sceptre nor throne1 nor structure of ages1 nor broad empire1 can compare with the wonders and grandeurs of a single thought4 ,that alone1 of all things that have been made1 comprehends the ,maker of all4 ,that alone is the key which unlocks all the treasures of the ,universe2 the power that reigns over ,space1 ,time1 and ,eternity4 ,that1 under ,god1 is the ,sovereign ,dispenser to man of all the blessings and glories that lie within the compass of possession1 or the range of possibility4 ,virtue1 ,heaven1 and ,immortality exist not1 nor ever will exist for us except as they exist and will exist1 in the perception1 feeling1 and thought of the glorious mind4 ,my ,brother1 in the hope that you have listened to and understood the ,instruction and ,lecture of this ,degree1 and that you feel the dignity of your own nature and the vast capacities of your own soul for good or evil1 ,i proceed briefly to communicate to you the remaining instruction of this ,degree4 ,the ,hebrew word1 in the old ,hebrew and ,samaritan character1 suspended in the ,east1 over the five columns1 is ,,adona1 one of the names of ,god1 usually translated ,lord2 and which the ,hebrews1 in reading1 always substitute for the ,true ,name1 which is for them ineffable4 ,the five columns1 in the five different orders of architecture1 are emblematical to us of the five principal divisions of the ,ancient and ,accepted ,scottish ,rite3 #a4--,the ,tuscan1 of the three blue ,degrees1 or the primitive ,masonry4 #b4--,the ,doric1 of the ineffable ,degrees1 from the fourth to the fourteenth1 inclusive4 #c4--,the ,ionic1 of the fifteenth and sixteenth1 or second temple ,degrees4 #d4--,the ,corinthian1 of the seventeenth and eighteenth ,degrees1 or those of the new law4 #e4--,the ,composite1 of the philosophical and chivalric ,degrees intermingled1 from the nineteenth to the thirty-second1 inclusive4 ,the ,north ,star1 always fixed and immutable for us1 represents the point in the centre of the circle1 or the ,deity in the centre of the ,universe4 ,it is the especial symbol of duty and of faith4 ,to it1 and the seven that continually revolve around it1 mystical meanings are attached1 which you will learn hereafter1 if you should be permitted to advance1 when you are made acquainted with the philosophical doctrines of the ,hebrews4 ,the ,morning ,star1 rising in the ,east1 ,jupiter1 called by the ,hebrews ,tsadc or ,tsydyk1 ,just1 is an emblem to us of the ever-approaching dawn of perfection and ,masonic light4 ,the three great lights of the ,lodge are symbols to us of the ,power1 ,wisdom1 and ,beneficence of the ,deity4 ,they are also symbols of the first three ,sephiroth1 or ,emanations of the ,deity1 according to the ,kabalah1 ,kether1 the omnipotent divine will2 ,chochmah1 the divine intellectual power to generate thought1 and ,binah1 the divine intellectual capacity to produce it--the two latter1 usually translated ,wisdom and ,understanding1 being the active and the passive1 the positive and the negative1 which we do not yet endeavor to explain to you4 ,they are the columns ,jachin and ,boaz1 that stand at the entrance to the ,masonic ,temple4 ,in another aspect of this ,degree1 the ,chief of the ,architects ,hebrew3 1 ,rab ,banaim1 symbolizes the constitutional executive head and chief of a free government2 and the ,degree teaches us that no free government can long endure1 when the people cease to select for their magistrates the best and the wisest of their statesmen2 when1 passing these by1 they permit factions or sordid interests to select for them the small1 the low1 the ignoble1 and the obscure1 and into such hands commit the country's destinies4 ,there is1 after all1 a divine right to govern2 and it is vested in the ablest1 wisest1 best1 of every nation4 ,counsel is mine1 and sound wisdom3 ,i am understanding3 ,i am power3 by me kings do reign1 and princes decree justice2 by me princes rule1 and nobles1 even all the magistrates of the earth4 ,for the present1 my ,brother1 let this suffice4 ,we welcome you among us1 to this peaceful retreat of virtue1 to a participation in our privileges1 to a share in our joys and our sorrows4 ,illustration ,illustration ,,xiii4 ,,royal ,,arch ,,of ,,solomon4 ,whether the legend and history of this ,degree are historically true1 or but an allegory1 containing in itself a deeper truth and a profounder meaning1 we shall not now debate4 ,if it be but a legendary myth1 you must find out for yourself what it means4 ,it is certain that the word which the ,hebrews are not now permitted to pronounce was in common use by ,abraham1 ,lot1 ,isaac1 ,jacob1 ,laban1 ,rebecca1 and even among tribes foreign to the ,hebrews1 before the time of ,moses2 and that it recurs a hundred times in the lyrical effusions of ,david and other ,hebrew poets4 ,we know that for many centuries the ,hebrews have been forbidden to pronounce the ,sacred ,name2 that wherever it occurs1 they have for ages read the word ,adona instead2 and that under it1 when the masoretic points1 which represent the vowels1 came to be used1 they placed those which belonged to the latter word4 ,the possession of the true pronunciation was deemed to confer on him who had it extraordinary and supernatural powers2 and the ,word itself1 worn upon the person1 was regarded as an amulet1 a protection against personal danger1 sickness1 and evil spirits4 ,we know that all this was a vain superstition1 natural to a rude people1 necessarily disappearing as the intellect of man became enlightened2 and wholly unworthy of a ,mason4 ,it is noticeable that this notion of the sanctity of the ,divine ,name or ,creative ,word was common to all the ancient nations4 ,the ,sacred ,word ,,hom was supposed by the ancient ,persians 7who were among the earliest emigrants from ,northern ,india7 to be pregnant with a mysterious power2 and they taught that by its utterance the world was created4 ,in ,india it was forbidden to pronounce the word ,,aum or ,,om1 the ,sacred ,name of the ,one ,deity1 manifested as ,brahma1 ,vishna1 and ,seeva4 ,these superstitious notions in regard to the efficacy of the ,word1 and the prohibition against pronouncing it1 could1 being errors1 have formed no part of the pure primitive religion1 or of the esoteric doctrine taught by ,moses1 and the full knowledge of which was confined to the ,initiates2 unless the whole was but an ingenious invention for the concealment of some other ,name or truth1 the interpretation and meaning whereof was made known only to the select few4 ,if so1 the common notions in regard to the ,word grew up in the minds of the people1 like other errors and fables among all the ancient nations1 out of original truths and symbols and allegories misunderstood4 ,so it has always been that allegories1 intended as vehicles of truth1 to be understood by the sages1 have become or bred errors1 by being literally accepted4 ,it is true1 that before the masoretic points were invented 7which was after the beginning of the ,christian era71 the pronunciation of a word in the ,hebrew language could not be known from the characters in which it was written4 ,it was1 therefore1 possible for that of the name of the ,deity to have been forgotten and lost4 ,it is certain that its true pronunciation is not that represented by the word ,jehovah2 and therefore that that is not the true name of ,deity1 nor the ,ineffable ,word4 ,the ancient symbols and allegories always had more than one interpretation4 ,they always had a double meaning1 and sometimes more than two1 one serving as the envelope of the other4 ,thus the pronunciation of the word was a symbol2 and that pronunciation and the word itself were lost1 when the knowledge of the true nature and attributes of ,god faded out of the minds of the ,jewish people4 ,that is one interpretation--true1 but not the inner and profoundest one4 ,men were figuratively said to forget the name of ,god1 when they lost that knowledge1 and worshipped the heathen deities1 and burned incense to them on the high places1 and passed their children through the fire to ,moloch4 ,thus the attempts of the ancient ,israelites and of the ,initiates to ascertain the ,true ,name of the ,deity1 and its pronunciation1 and the loss of the ,true ,word1 are an allegory1 in which are represented the general ignorance of the true nature and attributes of ,god1 the proneness of the people of ,judah and ,israel to worship other deities1 and the low and erroneous and dishonoring notions of the ,grand ,architect of the ,universe1 which all shared except a few favored persons2 for even ,solomon built altars and sacrificed to ,astarat1 the goddess of the ,tsidunim1 and ,malcm1 the ,aamnite god1 and built high places for ,kams1 the ,moabite deity1 and ,malec the god of the ,beni-,aamn4 ,the true nature of ,god was unknown to them1 like ,his name2 and they worshipped the calves of ,jeroboam1 as in the desert they did that made for them by ,aarn4 ,the mass of the ,hebrews did not believe in the existence of one only ,god until a late period in their history4 ,their early and popular ideas of the ,deity were singularly low and unworthy4 ,even while ,moses was receiving the law upon ,mount ,sinai1 they forced ,aarn to make them an image of the ,egyptian god ,apis1 and fell down and adored it4 ,they were ever ready to return to the worship of the gods of the ,mitzraim2 and soon after the death of ,joshua they became devout worshippers of the false gods of all the surrounding nations4 ,ye have borne1 ,amos1 the prophet1 said to them1 speaking of their forty years' journeying in the desert1 under ,moses1 the tabernacle of your ,malec and ,kain your idols1 the star of your god1 which ye made to yourselves4 ,among them1 as among other nations1 the conceptions of ,god formed by individuals varied according to their intellectual and spiritual capacities2 poor and imperfect1 and investing ,god with the commonest and coarsest attributes of humanity1 among the ignorant and coarse2 pure and lofty among the virtuous and richly gifted4 ,these conceptions gradually improved and became purified and ennobled1 as the nation advanced in civilization--being lowest in the historical books1 amended in the prophetic writings1 and reaching their highest elevation among the poets4 ,among all the ancient nations there was one faith and one idea of ,deity for the enlightened1 intelligent1 and educated1 and another for the common people4 ,to this rule the ,hebrews were no exception4 ,yehovah1 to the mass of the people1 was like the gods of the nations around them1 except that he was the peculiar ,god1 first of the family of ,abraham1 of that of ,isaac1 and of that of ,jacob1 and afterward the ,national ,god2 and1 as they believed1 more powerful than the other gods of the same nature worshipped by their neighbors--,who among the ,baalim is like unto thee1 ,o ,yehovah8--expressed their whole creed4 ,the ,deity of the early ,hebrews talked to ,adam and ,eve in the garden of delight1 as he walked in it in the cool of the day2 he conversed with ,kayin2 he sat and ate with ,abraham in his tent2 that patriarch required a visible token1 before he would believe in his positive promise2 he permitted ,abraham to expostulate with him1 and to induce him to change his first determination in regard to ,sodom2 he wrestled with ,jacob2 he showed ,moses his person1 though not his face2 he dictated the minutest police regulations and the dimensions of the tabernacle and its furniture1 to the ,israelites2 he insisted on and delighted in sacrifices and burnt-offerings2 he was angry1 jealous1 and revengeful1 as well as wavering and irresolute2 he allowed ,moses to reason him out of his fixed resolution utterly to destroy his people2 he commanded the performance of the most shocking and hideous acts of cruelty and barbarity4 ,he hardened the heart of ,pharaoh2 he repented of the evil that he had said he would do unto the people of ,nineveh2 and he did it not1 to the disgust and anger of ,jonah4 ,such were the popular notions of the ,deity2 and either the priests had none better1 or took little trouble to correct these notions2 or the popular intellect was not enough enlarged to enable them to entertain any higher conceptions of the ,almighty4 ,but such were not the ideas of the intellectual and enlightened few among the ,hebrews1 ,it is certain that they possessed a knowledge of the true nature and attributes of ,god2 as the same class of men did among the other nations--,zoroaster1 ,menu1 ,confucius1 ,socrates1 and ,plato4 ,but their doctrines on this subject were esoteric2 they did not communicate them to the people at large1 but only to a favored few2 and as they were communicated in ,egypt and ,india1 in ,persia and ,phnicia1 in ,greece and ,samothrace1 in the greater mysteries1 to the ,initiates4 ,the communication of this knowledge and other secrets1 some of which are perhaps lost1 constituted1 under other names1 what we now call ,masonry1 or ,free or ,frank-,masonry4 ,that knowledge was1 in one sense1 the ,lost ,word1 which was made known to the ,grand ,elect1 ,perfect1 and ,sublime ,masons4 ,it would be folly to pretend that the forms of ,masonry were the same in those ages as they are now4 ,the present name of the ,order1 and its titles1 and the names of the ,degrees now in use1 were not then known4 ,even ,blue ,masonry cannot trace back its authentic history1 with its present ,degrees1 further than the year #agjj1 if so far4 ,but1 by whatever name it was known in this or the other country1 ,masonry existed as it now exists1 the same in spirit and at heart1 not only when ,solomon builded the temple1 but centuries before--before even the first colonies emigrated into ,southern ,india1 ,persia1 and ,egypt1 from the cradle of the human race4 ,the ,supreme1 ,self-existent1 ,eternal1 ,all-wise1 ,all-powerful1 ,infinitely ,good1 ,pitying1 ,beneficent1 and ,merciful ,creator and ,preserver of the ,universe was the same1 by whatever name he was called1 to the intellectual and enlightened men of all nations4 ,the name was nothing1 if not a symbol and representative hieroglyph of his nature and attributes4 ,the name ,,al represented his remoteness above men1 his inaccessibility2 ,,bal and ,,bala1 his might2 ,,alohim1 his various potencies2 ,,ihuh1 existence and the generation of things4 ,none of his names1 among the ,orientals1 were the symbols of a divinely infinite love and tenderness1 and all-embracing mercy4 ,as ,,moloch or ,,malek he was but an omnipotent monarch1 a tremendous and irresponsible ,will2 as ,,adona1 only an arbitrary ,,lord and ,master2 as ,,al ,shada1 potent and a ,,destroyer4 ,to communicate true and correct ideas in respect of the ,deity was one chief object of the mysteries4 ,in them1 ,khrm the ,king1 and ,khrm the ,master1 obtained their knowledge of him and his attributes2 and in them that knowledge was taught to ,moses and ,pythagoras4 ,wherefore nothing forbids you to consider the whole legend of this ,degree1 like that of the ,master's1 an allegory1 representing the perpetuation of the knowledge of the ,true ,god in the sanctuaries of initiation4 ,by the subterranean vaults you may understand the places of initiation1 which in the ancient ceremonies were generally under ground4 ,the ,temple of ,solomon presented a symbolic image of the ,universe2 and resembled1 in its arrangements and furniture1 all the temples of the ancient nations that practised the mysteries4 ,the system of numbers was intimately connected with their religions and worship1 and has come down to us in ,masonry2 though the esoteric meaning with which the numbers used by us are pregnant is unknown to the vast majority of those who use them4 ,those numbers were especially employed that had a reference to the ,deity1 represented his attributes1 or figured in the frame-work of the world1 in time and space1 and formed more or less the bases of that frame-work4 ,these were universally regarded as sacred1 being the expression of order and intelligence1 the utterances of ,divinity ,himself4 ,the ,holy of ,holies of the ,temple formed a cube2 in which1 drawn on a plane surface1 there are #dcbi lines visible1 and three sides or faces4 ,it corresponded with the number four1 by which the ancients presented ,nature1 it being the number of substances or corporeal forms1 and of the elements1 the cardinal points and seasons1 and the secondary colors4 ,the number three everywhere represented the ,supreme ,being4 ,hence the name of the ,deity1 engraven upon the triangular plate1 and that sunken into the cube of agate1 taught the ancient ,mason1 and teaches us1 that the true knowledge of ,god1 of ,his nature and ,his attributes1 is written by ,him upon the leaves of the great ,book of ,universal ,nature1 and may be read there by all who are endowed with the requisite amount of intellect and intelligence4 ,this knowledge of ,god1 so written there1 and of which ,masonry has in all ages been the interpreter1 is the ,master ,mason's ,word4 ,within the ,temple1 all the arrangements were mystically and symbolically connected with the same system4 ,the vault or ceiling1 starred like the firmament1 was supported by twelve columns1 representing the twelve months of the year4 ,the border that ran around the columns represented the zodiac1 and one of the twelve celestial signs was appropriated to each column4 ,the brazen sea was supported by twelve oxen1 three looking to each cardinal point of the compass4 ,and so in our day every ,masonic ,lodge represents the ,universe4 ,each extends1 we are told1 from the rising to the setting sun1 from the ,south to the ,north1 from the surface of the ,earth to the ,heavens1 and from the same to the centre of the globe4 ,in it are represented the sun1 moon1 and stars2 three great torches in the ,east1 ,west1 and ,south1 forming a triangle1 give it light2 and1 like the ,delta or ,triangle suspended in the ,east1 and inclosing the ,ineffable ,name1 indicate1 by the mathematical equality of the angles and sides1 the beautiful and harmonious proportions which govern in the aggregate and details of the ,universe2 while those sides and angles represent1 by their number1 three1 the ,trinity of ,power1 ,wisdom1 and ,harmony1 which presided at the building of this marvellous work4 ,these three great lights also represent the great mystery of the three principles1 of creation1 dissolution or destruction1 and reproduction or regeneration1 consecrated by all creeds in their numerous ,trinities4 ,the luminous pedestal1 lighted by the perpetual flame within1 is a symbol of that light of ,reason1 given by ,god to man1 by which he is enabled to read in the ,book of ,nature the record of the thought1 the revelation of the attributes of the ,deity4 ,the three ,masters1 ,adoniram1 ,joabert1 and ,stolkin1 are types of the ,true ,mason1 who seeks for knowledge from pure motives1 and that he may be the better enabled to serve and benefit his fellow-men2 while the discontented and presumptuous ,masters who were buried in the ruins of the arches represent those who strive to acquire it for unholy purposes1 to gain power over their fellows1 to gratify their pride1 their vanity1 or their ambition4 ,the ,lion that guarded the ,ark and held in his mouth the key wherewith to open it1 figuratively represents ,solomon1 the ,lion of the ,tribe of ,judah1 who preserved and communicated the key to the true knowledge of ,god1 of ,his laws1 and of the profound mysteries of the moral and physical ,universe4 ,,enoch ,hebrew3 1 ,khanc1 we are told1 walked with ,god three hundred years1 after reaching the age of sixty-five--walked with ,god1 and he was no more1 for ,god had taken him4 ,his name signified in the ,hebrew1 ,,initiate or ,,initiator4 ,the legend of the columns1 of granite and brass or bronze1 erected by him1 is probably symbolical4 ,that of bronze1 which survived the flood1 is supposed to symbolize the mysteries1 of which ,masonry is the legitimate successor--from the earliest times the custodian and depository of the great philosophical and religious truths1 unknown to the world at large1 and handed down from age to age by an unbroken current of tradition1 embodied in symbols1 emblems1 and allegories4 ,the legend of this ,degree is thus1 partially1 interpreted4 ,it is of little importance whether it is in anywise historical4 ,for its value consists in the lessons which it inculcates1 and the duties which it prescribes to those who receive it4 ,the parables and allegories of the ,scriptures are not less valuable than history4 ,nay1 they are more so1 because ancient history is little instructive1 and truths are concealed in and symbolized by the legend and the myth4 ,there are profounder meanings concealed in the symbols of this ,degree1 connected with the philosophical system of the ,hebrew ,kabalists1 which you will learn hereafter1 if you should be so fortunate as to advance4 ,they are unfolded in the higher ,degrees4 ,the lion ,hebrew3 1 ,arai1 ,araiah1 which also means the altar still holds in his mouth the key of the enigma of the sphynx4 ,but there is one application of this ,degree1 that you are now entitled to know2 and which1 remembering that ,khrm1 the ,master1 is the symbol of human freedom1 you would probably discover for yourself4 ,it is not enough for a people to gain its liberty4 ,it must secure it4 ,it must not intrust it to the keeping1 or hold it at the pleasure1 of any one man4 ,the keystone of the ,royal ,arch of the great ,temple of ,liberty is a fundamental law1 charter1 or constitution2 the expression of the fixed habits of thought of the people1 embodied in a written instrument1 or the result of the slow accretions and the consolidation of centuries2 the same in war as in peace2 that cannot be hastily changed1 nor be violated with impunity1 but is sacred1 like the ,ark of the ,covenant of ,god1 which none could touch and live4 ,a permanent constitution1 rooted in the affections1 expressing the will and judgment1 and built upon the instincts and settled habits of thought of the people1 with an independent judiciary1 an elective legislature of two branches1 an executive responsible to the people1 and the right of trial by jury1 will guarantee the liberties of a people1 if it be virtuous and temperate1 without luxury1 and without the lust of conquest and dominion1 and the follies of visionary theories of impossible perfection4 ,masonry teaches its ,initiates that the pursuits and occupations of this life1 its activity1 care1 and ingenuity1 the predestined developments of the nature given us by ,god1 tend to promote ,his great design1 in making the world2 and are not at war with the great purpose of life4 ,it teaches that everything is beautiful in its time1 in its place1 in its appointed office2 that everything which man is put to do1 if rightly and faithfully done1 naturally helps to work out his salvation2 that if he obeys the genuine principles of his calling1 he will be a good man3 and that it is only by neglect and non-performance of the task set for him by ,heaven1 by wandering into idle dissipation1 or by violating their beneficent and lofty spirit1 that he becomes a bad man4 ,the appointed action of life is the great training of ,providence2 and if man yields himself to it1 he will need neither churches nor ordinances1 except for the expression of his religious homage and gratitude4 ,for there is a religion of toil4 ,it is not all drudgery1 a mere stretching of the limbs and straining of the sinews to tasks4 ,it has a meaning and an intent4 ,a living heart pours life-blood into the toiling arm2 and warm affections inspire and mingle with man's labors4 ,they are the home affections4 ,labor toils a-field1 or plies its task in cities1 or urges the keels of commerce over wide oceans2 but home is its centre2 and thither it ever goes with its earnings1 with the means of support and comfort for others2 offerings sacred to the thought of every true man1 as a sacrifice at a golden shrine4 ,many faults there are amidst the toils of life2 many harsh and hasty1 words are uttered2 but still the toils go on1 weary and hard and exasperating as they often are4 ,for in that home is age or sickness1 or helpless infancy1 or gentle childhood1 or feeble woman1 that must not want4 ,if man had no other than mere selfish impulses1 the scene of labor which we behold around us would not exist4 ,the advocate who fairly and honestly presents his case1 with a feeling of true self-respect1 honor1 and conscience1 to help the tribunal on towards the right conclusion1 with a conviction that ,god's justice reigns there1 is acting a religious part1 leading that day a religious life2 or else right and justice are no part of religion4 ,whether1 during all that day1 he has once appealed1 in form or in terms1 to his conscience1 or not2 whether he has once spoken of religion and ,god1 or not2 if there has been the inward purpose1 the conscious intent and desire1 that sacred justice should triumph1 he has that day led a good and religious life1 and made a most essential contribution to that religion of life and of society1 the cause of equity between man and man1 and of truth and right action in the world4 ,books1 to be of religious tendency in the ,masonic sense1 need not be books of sermons1 of pious exercises1 or of prayers4 ,whatever inculcates pure1 noble1 and patriotic sentiments1 or touches the heart with the beauty of virtue1 and the excellence of an upright life1 accords with the religion of ,masonry1 and is the ,gospel of literature and art4 ,that ,gospel is preached from many a book and painting1 from many a poem and fiction1 and review and newspaper2 and it is a painful error and miserable narrowness1 not to recognize these wide-spread agencies of ,heaven's providing2 not to see and welcome these many-handed coadjutors1 to the great and good cause4 ,the oracles of ,god do not speak from the pulpit alone4 ,there is also a religion of society4 ,in business1 there is much more than sale1 exchange1 price1 payment2 for there is the sacred faith of man in man4 ,when we repose perfect confidence in the integrity of another2 when we feel that he will not swerve from the right1 frank1 straightforward1 conscientious course1 for any temptation2 his integrity and conscientiousness are the image of ,god to us2 and when we believe in it1 it is as great and generous an act1 as when we believe in the rectitude of the ,deity4 ,in gay assemblies for amusement1 the good affections of life gush and mingle4 ,if they did not1 these gathering-places would be as dreary and repulsive as the caves and dens of outlaws and robbers4 ,when friends meet1 and hands are warmly pressed1 and the eye kindles and the countenance is suffused with gladness1 there is a religion between their hearts2 and each loves and worships the ,true and ,good that is in the other4 ,it is not policy1 or self-interest1 or selfishness that spreads such a charm around that meeting1 but the halo of bright and beautiful affection4 ,the same splendor of kindly liking1 and affectionate regard1 shines like the soft overarching sky1 over all the world2 over all places where men meet1 and walk or toil together2 not over lovers' bowers and marriage-altars alone1 not over the homes of purity and tenderness alone2 but over all tilled fields1 and busy workshops1 and dusty highways1 and paved streets4 ,there is not a worn stone upon the sidewalks1 but has been the altar of such offerings of mutual kindness2 nor a wooden pillar or iron railing against which hearts beating with affection have not leaned4 ,how many soever other elements there are in the stream of life flowing through these channels1 that is surely here and everywhere2 honest1 heartfelt1 disinterested1 inexpressible affection4 ,every ,masonic ,lodge is a temple of religion2 and its teachings are instruction in religion4 ,for here are inculcated disinterestedness1 affection1 toleration1 devotedness1 patriotism1 truth1 a generous sympathy with those who suffer and mourn1 pity for the fallen1 mercy for the erring1 relief for those in want1 ,faith1 ,hope1 and ,charity4 ,here we meet as brethren1 to learn to know and love each other4 ,here we greet each other gladly1 are lenient to each other's faults1 regardful of each other's feelings1 ready to relieve each other's wants4 ,this is the true religion revealed to the ancient patriarchs2 which ,masonry has taught for many centuries1 and which it will continue to teach as long as time endures4 ,if unworthy passions1 or selfish1 bitter1 or revengeful feelings1 contempt1 dislike1 hatred1 enter here1 they are intruders and not welcome1 strangers uninvited1 and not guests4 ,certainly there are many evils and bad passions1 and much hate and contempt and unkindness everywhere in the world4 ,we cannot refuse to see the evil that is in life4 ,but all is not evil4 ,we still see ,god in the world4 ,there is good amidst the evil4 ,the hand of mercy leads wealth to the hovels of poverty and sorrow4 ,truth and simplicity live amid many wiles and sophistries4 ,there are good hearts underneath gay robes1 and under tattered garments also4 ,love clasps the hand of love1 amid all the envyings and distractions of showy competition2 fidelity1 pity1 and sympathy hold the long night-watch by the bedside of the suffering neighbor1 amidst the surrounding poverty and squalid misery4 ,devoted men go from city to city to nurse those smitten down by the terrible pestilence that renews at intervals its mysterious marches4 ,women well-born and delicately nurtured nursed the wounded soldiers in hospitals1 before it became fashionable to do so2 and even poor lost women1 whom ,god alone loves and pities1 tend the plague-stricken with a patient and generous heroism4 ,masonry and its kindred ,orders teach men to love each other1 feed the hungry1 clothe the naked1 comfort the sick1 and bury the friendless dead4 ,everywhere ,god finds and blesses the kindly office1 the pitying thought1 and the loving heart4 ,there is an element of good in all men's lawful pursuits and a divine spirit breathing in all their lawful affections4 ,the ground on which they tread is holy ground4 ,there is a natural religion of life1 answering1 with however many a broken tone1 to the religion of nature4 ,there is a beauty and glory in ,humanity1 in man1 answering1 with however many a mingling shade1 to the loveliness of soft landscapes1 and swelling hills1 and the wondrous glory of the starry heavens4 ,men may be virtuous1 self-improving1 and religious in their employments4 ,precisely for that1 those employments were made4 ,all their social relations1 friendship1 love1 the ties of family1 were made to be holy4 ,they may be religious1 not by a kind of protest and resistance against their several vocations2 but by conformity to their true spirit4 ,those vocations do not exclude religion2 but demand it1 for their own perfection4 ,they may be religious laborers whether in field or factory2 religious physicians1 lawyers1 sculptors1 poets1 painters1 and musicians4 ,they may be religious in all the toils and in all the amusements of life4 ,their life may be a religion2 the broad earth its altar2 its incense the very breath of life2 its fires ever kindled by the brightness of ,heaven4 ,bound up with our poor1 frail life1 is the mighty thought that spurns the narrow span of all visible existence4 ,ever the soul reaches outward1 and asks for freedom4 ,it looks forth from the narrow and grated windows of sense1 upon the wide immeasurable creation2 it knows that around it and beyond it lie outstretched the infinite and everlasting paths4 ,everything within us and without us ought to stir our minds to admiration and wonder4 ,we are a mystery encompassed with mysteries4 ,the connection of mind with matter is a mystery2 the wonderful telegraphic communication between the brain and every part of the body1 the power and action of the will4 ,every familiar step is more than a story in a land of enchantment4 ,the power of movement is as mysterious as the power of thought4 ,memory1 and dreams that are the indistinct echoes of dead memories are alike inexplicable4 ,universal harmony springs from infinite complication4 ,the momentum of every step we take in our dwelling contributes in part to the order of the ,universe4 ,we are connected by ties of thought1 and even of matter and its forces1 with the whole boundless ,universe and all the past and coming generations of men4 ,the humblest object beneath our eye as completely defies our scrutiny as the economy of the most distant star4 ,every leaf and every blade of grass holds within itself secrets which no human penetration will ever fathom4 ,no man can tell what is its principle of life4 ,no man can know what his power of secretion is4 ,both are inscrutable mysteries4 ,wherever we place our hand we lay it upon the locked bosom of mystery4 ,step where we will1 we tread upon wonders4 ,the sea-sands1 the clods of the field1 the water-worn pebbles on the hills1 the rude masses of rock1 are traced over and over1 in every direction1 with a handwriting older and more significant and sublime than all the ancient ruins and all the overthrown and buried cities that past generations have left upon the earth2 for it is the handwriting of the ,almighty4 ,a ,mason's great business with life is to read the book of its teaching2 to find that life is not the doing of drudgeries1 but the hearing of oracles4 ,the old mythology is but a leaf in that book2 for it peopled the world with spiritual natures2 and science1 many-leaved1 still spreads before us the same tale of wonder4 ,we shall be just as happy hereafter1 as we are pure and upright1 and no more1 just as happy as our character prepares us to be1 and no more4 ,our moral1 like our mental character1 is not formed in a moment2 it is the habit of our minds2 the result of many thoughts and feelings and efforts1 bound together by many natural and strong ties4 ,the great law of ,retribution is1 that all coming experience is to be affected by every present feeling2 every future moment of being must answer for every present moment2 one moment1 sacrificed to vice1 or lost to improvement1 is forever sacrificed and lost2 an hour's delay to enter the right path1 is to put us back so far1 in the everlasting pursuit of happiness2 and every sin1 even of the best men1 is to be thus answered for1 if not according to the full measure of its ill-desert1 yet according to a rule of unbending rectitude and impartiality4 ,the law of retribution presses upon every man1 whether he thinks of it or not4 ,it pursues him through all the courses of life1 with a step that never falters nor tires1 and with an eye that never sleeps4 ,if it were not so1 ,god's government would not be impartial2 there would be no discrimination2 no moral dominion2 no light shed upon the mysteries of ,providence4 ,whatsoever a man soweth1 that1 and not something else1 shall he reap4 ,that which we are doing1 good or evil1 grave or gay1 that which we do to-day and shall do to-morrow2 each thought1 each feeling1 each action1 each event2 every passing hour1 every breathing moment2 all are contributing to form the character1 according to which we are to be judged4 ,every particle of influence that goes to form that aggregate1--our character1--will1 in that future scrutiny1 be sifted out from the mass2 and1 particle by particle1 with ages perhaps intervening1 fall a distinct contribution to the sum of our joys or woes4 ,thus every idle word and idle hour will give answer in the judgment4 ,let us take care1 therefore1 what we sow4 ,an evil temptation comes upon us2 the opportunity of unrighteous gain1 or of unhallowed indulgence1 either in the sphere of business or pleasure1 of society or solitude4 ,we yield2 and plant a seed of bitterness and sorrow4 ,to-morrow it will threaten discovery4 ,agitated and alarmed1 we cover the sin1 and bury it deep in falsehood and hypocrisy4 ,in the bosom where it lies concealed1 in the fertile soil of kindred vices1 that sin dies not1 but thrives and grows2 and other and still other germs of evil gather around the accursed root2 until1 from that single seed of corruption1 there springs up in the soul all that is horrible in habitual lying1 knavery1 or vice4 ,loathingly1 often1 we take each downward step2 but a frightful power urges us onward2 and the hell of debt1 disease1 ignominy1 or remorse gathers its shadows around our steps even on earth2 and are yet but the beginnings of sorrows4 ,the evil deed may be done in a single moment2 but conscience never dies1 memory never sleeps2 guilt never can become innocence2 and remorse can never whisper peace4 ,beware1 thou who art tempted to evil6 ,beware what thou layest up for the future6 ,beware what thou layest up in the archives of eternity6 ,wrong not thy neighbor6 lest the thought of him thou injurest1 and who suffers by thy act1 be to thee a pang which years will not deprive of its bitterness6 ,break not into the house of innocence1 to rifle it of its treasure2 lest when many years have passed over thee1 the moan of its distress may not have died away from thine ear6 ,build not the desolate throne of ambition in thy heart2 nor be busy with devices1 and circumventings1 and selfish schemings2 lest desolation and loneliness be on thy path1 as it stretches into the long futurity6 ,live not a useless1 an impious1 or an injurious life6 for bound up with that life is the immutable principle of an endless retribution1 and elements of ,god's creating1 which will never spend their force1 but continue ever to unfold with the ages of eternity4 ,be not deceived6 ,god has formed thy nature1 thus to answer to the future4 ,his law can never be abrogated1 nor ,his justice eluded2 and forever and ever it win be true1 that ,whatsoever a man soweth1 that also he shall reap4 ,illustration3 ,decorative ,,xiv4 ,,grand ,,elect1 ,,perfect1 ,,and ,,sublime ,,mason4 ,perfect ,elu4 ,it is for each individual ,mason to discover the secret of ,masonry1 by reflection upon its symbols and a wise consideration and analysis of what is said and done in the work4 ,masonry does not inculcate her truths4 ,she states them1 once and briefly2 or hints them1 perhaps1 darkly2 or interposes a cloud between them and eyes that would be dazzled by them4 ,seek1 and ye shall find1 knowledge and the truth4 ,the practical object of ,masonry is the physical and moral amelioration and the intellectual and spiritual improvement of individuals and society4 ,neither can be effected1 except by the dissemination of truth4 ,it is falsehood in doctrines and fallacy in principles1 to which most of the miseries of men and the misfortunes of nations are owing4 ,public opinion is rarely right on any point2 and there are and always will be important truths to be substituted in that opinion in the place of many errors and absurd and injurious prejudices4 ,there are few truths that public opinion has not at some time hated and persecuted as heresies1 and few errors that have not at some time seemed to it truths radiant from the immediate presence of ,god4 ,there are moral maladies1 also1 of man and society1 the treatment of which requires not only boldness1 but also1 and more1 prudence and discretion2 since they are more the fruit of false and pernicious doctrines1 moral1 political1 and religious1 than of vicious inclinations4 ,much of the ,masonic secret manifests itself1 without revealing it1 to him who even partially comprehends all the ,decrees in proportion as he receives them2 and particularly to those who advance to the highest ,degrees of the ,ancient and ,accepted ,scottish ,rite4 ,that ,rite raises a corner of the veil1 even in the degree of ,apprentice2 for it there declares that ,masonry is a worship4 ,masonry labors to improve the social order by enlightening men's minds1 warming their hearts with the love of the good1 inspiring them with the great principle of human fraternity1 and requiring of its disciples that their language and actions shall conform to that principle1 that they shall enlighten each other1 control their passions1 abhor vice1 and pity the vicious man as one afflicted with a deplorable malady4 ,it is the universal1 eternal1 immutable religion1 such as ,god planted it in the heart of universal humanity4 ,no creed has ever been long-lived that was not built on this foundation4 ,it is the base1 and they are the superstructure4 ,pure religion and undefiled before ,god and the ,father is this1 to visit the fatherless and widows in their affliction1 and to keep himself unspotted from the world4 ,is not this the fast that ,i have chosen8 to loose the bands of wickedness1 to undo the heavy burdens1 and to let the oppressed go free1 and that ye break every yoke8 ,the ministers of this religion are all ,masons who comprehend it and are devoted to it2 its sacrifices to ,god are good works1 the sacrifices of the base and disorderly passions1 the offering up of self-interest on the altar of humanity1 and perpetual efforts to attain to all the moral perfection of which man is capable4 ,to make honor and duty the steady beacon-lights that shall guide your life-vessel over the stormy seas of time2 to do that which it is right to do1 not because it will insure you success1 or bring with it a reward1 or gain the applause of men1 or be the best policy1 more prudent or more advisable2 but because it is right1 and therefore ought to be done2 to war incessantly against error1 intolerance1 ignorance1 and vice1 and yet to pity those who err1 to be tolerant even of intolerance1 to teach the ignorant1 and labor to reclaim the vicious1 are some of the duties of a ,mason4 ,a good ,mason is one that can look upon death1 and see its face the same countenance with which he hears its story2 that ,i endure all the labors of his life with his soul supporting his body1 that can equally despise riches when he hath them and when he hath them not2 that is1 not sadder if they are in his neighbor's exchequer1 nor more lifted up if they shine around about his own walls2 one that is not moved with good fortune coming to him1 nor going from him2 that can look upon another man's lands with equanimity and pleasure1 as if they were his own2 and yet look upon his own1 and use them too1 just as if they were another man's2 that neither spends his goods prodigally and foolishly1 nor yet keeps them avariciously and like a miser2 that weighs not benefits by weight and number1 but by the mind and circumstances of him who confers them2 that never thinks his charity expensive1 if a worthy person be the receiver2 that does nothing for opinion's sake1 but everything for conscience1 being as careful of his thoughts as of his acting in markets and theatres1 and in as much awe of himself as of a whole assembly2 that is1 bountiful and cheerful to his friends1 and charitable and apt to forgive his enemies2 that loves his country1 consults its honor1 and obeys its laws1 and desires and endeavors nothing more than that he may do his duty and honor ,god4 ,and such a ,mason may reckon his life to be the life of a man1 and compute his months1 not by the course of the sun1 but by the zodiac and circle of his virtues4 ,the whole world is1 but one republic1 of which each nation is a family1 and every individual a child4 ,masonry1 not in anywise derogating from the differing duties which the diversity of states requires1 tends to create a new people1 which1 composed of men of many nations and tongues1 shall all be bound together by the bonds of science1 morality1 and virtue4 ,essentially philanthropic1 philosophical1 and progressive1 it has for the basis of its dogma a firm belief in the existence of ,god and his providence1 and of the immortality of the soul2 for its object1 the dissemination of moral1 political1 philosophical1 and religious truth1 and the practice of all the virtues4 ,in every age1 its device has been1 ,liberty1 ,equality1 ,fraternity1 with constitutional government1 law1 order1 discipline1 and subordination to legitimate authority--government and not anarchy4 ,but it is neither a political party nor a religious sect4 ,it embraces all parties and all sects1 to form from among them all a vast fraternal association4 ,it recognizes the dignity of human nature1 and man's right to such freedom as he is fitted for2 and it knows nothing that should place one man below another1 except ignorance1 debasement1 and crime1 and the necessity of subordination to lawful will and authority4 ,it is philanthropic2 for it recognizes the great truth that all men are of the same origin1 have common interests1 and should co-operate together to the same end4 ,therefore it teaches its members to love one another1 to give to each other mutual assistance and support in all the circumstances of life1 to share each other's pains and sorrows1 as well as their joys and pleasures2 to guard the reputations1 respect the opinions1 and be perfectly tolerant of the errors1 of each other1 in matters of faith and beliefs4 ,it is philosophical1 because it teaches the great ,truths concerning the nature and existence of one ,supreme ,deity1 and the existence and immortality of the soul4 ,it revives the ,academy of ,plato1 and the wise teachings of ,socrates4 ,it reiterates the maxims of ,pythagoras1 ,confucius1 and ,zoroaster1 and reverentially enforces the sublime lessons of ,him who died upon the ,cross4 ,the ancients thought that universal humanity acted under the influence of two opposing ,principles1 the ,good and the ,evil3 of which the ,good urged men toward ,truth1 ,independence1 and ,devotedness2 and the ,evil toward ,falsehood1 ,servility1 and ,selfishness4 ,masonry represents the ,good ,principle and constantly wars against the evil one4 ,it is the ,hercules1 the ,osiris1 the ,apollo1 the ,mithras1 and the ,ormuzd1 at everlasting and deadly feud with the demons of ignorance1 brutality1 baseness1 falsehood1 slavishness of soul1 intolerance1 superstition1 tyranny1 meanness1 the insolence of wealth1 and bigotry4 ,when despotism and superstition1 twin-powers of evil and darkness1 reigned everywhere and seemed invincible and immortal1 it invented1 to avoid persecution1 the mysteries1 that is to say1 the allegory1 the symbol1 and the emblem1 and transmitted its doctrines by the secret mode of initiation4 ,now1 retaining its ancient symbols1 and in part its ancient ceremonies1 it displays in every civilized country its banner1 on which in letters of living light its great principles are written2 and it smiles at the puny efforts of kings and popes to crush it out by excommunication and interdiction4 ,man's views in regard to ,god1 will contain only so much positive truth as the human mind is capable of receiving2 whether that truth is attained by the exercise of reason1 or communicated by revelation4 ,it must necessarily be both limited and alloyed1 to bring it within the competence of finite human intelligence4 ,being finite1 we can form no correct or adequate idea of the ,infinite2 being material1 we can form no clear conception of the ,spiritual4 ,we do believe in and know the infinity of ,space and ,time1 and the spirituality of the ,soul2 but the idea of that infinity and spirituality eludes us4 ,even ,omnipotence cannot infuse infinite conceptions into finite minds2 nor can ,god1 without first entirely changing the conditions of our being1 pour a complete and full knowledge of ,his own nature and attributes into the narrow capacity of a human soul4 ,human intelligence could not grasp it1 nor human language express it4 ,the visible is1 necessarily1 the measure of the invisible4 ,the consciousness of the individual reveals itself alone4 ,his knowledge cannot pass beyond the limits of his own being4 ,his conceptions of other things and other beings are only his conceptions4 ,they are not those things or beings themselves4 ,the living principle of a living ,universe must be ,,infinite2 while all our ideas and conceptions are finite1 and applicable only to finite beings4 ,the ,deity is thus not an object of knowledge1 but of faith2 not to be approached by the understanding1 but by the moral sense2 not to be conceived1 but to be felt4 ,all attempts to embrace the ,infinite in the conception of the ,finite are1 and must be only accommodations to the frailty of man4 ,shrouded from human comprehension in an obscurity from which a chastened imagination is awed back1 and ,thought retreats in conscious weakness1 the ,divine ,nature is a theme on which man is little entitled to dogmatize4 ,here the philosophic ,intellect becomes most painfully aware of its own insufficiency4 ,and yet it is here that man most dogmatizes1 classifies and describes ,god's attributes1 makes out his map of ,god's nature1 and his inventory of ,god's qualities1 feelings1 impulses1 and passions2 and then hangs and burns his brother1 who1 as dogmatically as he1 makes out a different map and inventory4 ,the common understanding has no humility4 ,its ,god is an incarnate ,divinity4 ,imperfection imposes its own limitations on the ,illimitable1 and clothes the ,inconceivable ,spirit of the ,universe in forms that come within the grasp of the senses and the intellect1 and are derived from that infinite and imperfect nature which is but ,god's creation4 ,we are all of us1 though not all equally1 mistaken4 ,the cherished dogmas of each of us are not1 as we fondly suppose1 the pure truth of ,god2 but simply our own special form of error1 our guesses at truth1 the refracted and fragmentary rays of light that have fallen upon our own minds4 ,our little systems have their day1 and cease to be2 they are but broken lights of ,god2 and ,he is more than they4 ,perfect truth is not attainable anywhere4 ,we style this ,degree that of ,perfection2 and yet what it teaches is imperfect and defective4 ,yet we are not to relax in the pursuit of truth1 nor contentedly acquiesce in error4 ,it is our duty always to press forward in the search2 for though absolute truth is unattainable1 yet the amount of error in our views is capable of progressive and perpetual diminution2 and thus ,masonry is a continual struggle toward the light4 ,all errors are not equally innocuous4 ,that which is most injurious is to entertain unworthy conceptions of the nature and attributes of ,god2 and it is this that ,masonry symbolizes by ignorance of the ,true ,word4 ,the true word of a ,mason is1 not the entire1 perfect1 absolute truth in regard to ,god2 but the highest and noblest conception of ,him that our minds are capable of forming2 and this word is ,ineffable1 because one man cannot communicate to another his own conception of ,deity2 since every man's conception of ,god must be proportioned to his mental cultivation1 and intellectual powers1 and moral excellence4 ,god is1 as man conceives ,him1 the reflected image of man himself4 ,for every man's conception of ,god must vary with his mental cultivation and mental powers4 ,if any one contents himself with any lower image than his intellect is capable of grasping1 then he contents himself with that which is false to him1 as well as false in fact4 ,if lower than he can reach1 he must needs feel it to be false4 ,and if we1 of the nineteenth century after ,christ1 adopt the conceptions of the nineteenth century before ,him2 if our conceptions of ,god are those of the ignorant1 narrow-minded1 and vindictive ,israelite2 then we think worse of ,god1 and have a lower1 meaner1 and more limited view of ,his nature1 than the faculties which ,he has bestowed are capable of grasping4 ,the highest view we can form is nearest to the truth4 ,if we acquiesce in any lower one1 we acquiesce in an untruth4 ,we feel that it is an affront and an indignity to ,him1 to conceive of ,him as cruel1 short-sighted1 capricious and unjust2 as a jealous1 an angry1 a vindictive ,being4 ,when we examine our conceptions of ,his character1 if we can conceive of a loftier1 nobler1 higher1 more beneficent1 glorious1 and magnificent character1 then this latter is to us the true conception of ,deity2 for nothing can be imagined more excellent than ,he4 ,religion1 to obtain currency and influence with the great mass of mankind1 must needs be alloyed with such an amount of error as to place it far below the standard attainable by the higher human capacities4 ,a religion as pure as the loftiest and most cultivated human reason could discern1 would not be comprehended by1 or effective over1 the less educated portion of mankind4 ,what is ,truth to the philosopher1 would not be ,truth1 nor have the effect of ,truth1 to the peasant4 ,the religion of the many must necessarily be more incorrect than that of the refined and reflective few1 not so much in its essence as in its forms1 not so much in the spiritual idea which lies latent at the bottom of it1 as in the symbols and dogmas in which that idea is embodied4 ,the truest religion would1 in many points1 not be comprehended by the ignorant1 nor consolatory to them1 nor guiding and supporting for them4 ,the doctrines of the ,bible are often not clothed in the language of strict truth1 but in that which was fittest to convey to a rude and ignorant people the practical essentials of the doctrine4 ,a perfectly pure faith1 free from all extraneous admixtures1 a system of noble theism and lofty morality1 would find too little preparation for it in the common mind and heart1 to admit of prompt reception by the masses of mankind2 and ,truth might not have reached us1 if it had not borrowed the wings of ,error4 ,the ,mason regards ,god as a ,moral ,governor1 as well as an ,original ,creator2 as a ,god at hand1 and not merely one afar off in the distance of infinite space1 and in the remoteness of ,past or ,future ,eternity4 ,he conceives of ,him as taking a watchful and presiding interest in the affairs of the world1 and as influencing the hearts and actions of men4 ,to him1 ,god is the great ,source of the ,world of ,life and ,matter2 and man1 with his wonderful corporeal and mental frame1 ,his direct work4 ,he believes that ,god has made men with different intellectual capacities2 and enabled some1 by superior intellectual power1 to see and originate truths which are hidden from the mass of men4 ,he believes that when it is ,his will that mankind should make some great step forward1 or achieve some pregnant discovery1 ,he calls into being some intellect of more than ordinary magnitude and power1 to give birth to new ideas1 and grander conceptions of the ,truths vital to ,humanity4 ,we hold that ,god has so ordered matters in this beautiful and harmonious1 but mysteriously-governed ,universe1 that one great mind after another will arise1 from time to time1 as such are needed1 to reveal to men the truths that are wanted1 and the amount of truth than can be borne4 ,he so arranges1 that nature and the course of events shall send men into the world1 endowed with that higher mental and moral organization1 in which grand truths1 and sublime gleams of spiritual light will spontaneously and inevitably arise4 ,these speak to men by inspiration4 ,whatever ,hiram really was1 he is the type1 perhaps an imaginary type1 to us1 of humanity in its highest phase2 an exemplar of what man may and should become1 in the course of ages1 in his progress toward the realization of his destiny2 an individual gifted with a glorious intellect1 a noble soul1 a fine organization1 and a perfectly balanced moral being2 an earnest of what humanity may be1 and what we believe it will hereafter be in ,god's good time2 the possibility of the race made real4 ,the ,mason believes that ,god has arranged this glorious but perplexing world with a purpose1 and on a plan4 ,he holds that every man sent upon this earth1 and especially every man of superior capacity1 has a duty to perform1 a mission to fulfill1 a baptism to be baptized with2 that every great and good man possesses some portion of ,god's truth1 which he must proclaim to the world1 and which must bear fruit in his own bosom4 ,in a true and simple sense1 he believes all the pure1 wise1 and intellectual to be inspired1 and to be so for the instruction1 advancement1 and elevation of mankind4 ,that kind of inspiration1 like ,god's omnipresence1 is not limited to the few writers claimed by ,jews1 ,christians1 or ,moslems1 but is co-extensive with the race4 ,it is the consequence of a faithful use of our faculties4 ,each man is its subject1 ,god is its source1 and ,truth its only test4 ,it differs in degrees1 as the intellectual endowments1 the moral wealth of the soul1 and the degree of cultivation of those endowments and faculties differ4 ,it is limited to no sect1 age1 or nation4 ,it is wide as the world and common as ,god4 ,it was not given to a few men1 in the infancy of mankind1 to monopolize inspiration1 and bar ,god out of the soul4 ,we are not born in the dotage and decay of the world4 ,the stars are beautiful as in their prime2 the most ancient ,heavens are fresh and strong4 ,god is still everywhere in nature4 ,wherever a heart beats with love1 wherever ,faith and ,reason utter their oracles1 there is ,god1 as formerly in the hearts of seers and prophets4 ,no soil on earth is so holy as the good man's heart2 nothing is so full of ,god4 ,this inspiration is not given to the learned alone1 not alone to the great and wise1 but to every faithful child of ,god4 ,certain as the open eye drinks in the light1 do the pure in heart see ,god2 and he who lives truly1 feels ,him as a presence within the soul4 ,the conscience is the very voice of ,deity4 ,masonry1 around whose altars the ,christian1 the ,hebrew1 the ,moslem1 the ,brahmin1 the followers of ,confucius and ,zoroaster1 can assemble as brethren and unite in prayer to the one ,god who is above all the ,baalim1 must needs leave it to each of its ,initiates to look for the foundation of his faith and hope to the written scriptures of his own religion4 ,for itself it finds those truths definite enough1 which are written by the finger of ,god upon the heart of man and on the pages of the book of nature4 ,views of religion and duty1 wrought out by the meditations of the studious1 confirmed by the allegiance of the good and wise1 stamped as sterling by the response they find in every uncorrupted mind1 commend themselves to ,masons of every creed1 and may well be accepted by all4 ,the ,mason does not pretend to dogmatic certainty1 nor vainly imagine such certainty attainable4 ,he considers that if there were no written revelation1 he could safely rest the hopes that animate him and the principles that guide him1 on the deductions of reason and the convictions of instinct and consciousness4 ,he can find a sure foundation for his religious belief1 in these deductions of the intellect and convictions of the heart4 ,for reason proves to him the existence and attributes of ,god2 and those spiritual instincts which he feels are the voice of ,god in his soul1 infuse into his mind a sense of his relation to ,god1 a conviction of the beneficence of his ,creator and ,preserver1 and a hope of future existence2 and his reason and conscience alike unerringly point to virtue as the highest good1 and the destined aim and purpose of man's life4 ,he studies the wonders of the ,heavens1 the frame-work and revolutions of the ,earth1 the mysterious beauties and adaptations of animal existence1 the moral and material constitution of the human creature1 so fearfully and wonderfully made2 and is satisfied that ,god ,,is2 and that a ,wise and ,good ,being is the author of the starry ,heavens above him1 and of the moral world within him2 and his mind finds an adequate foundation for its hopes1 its worship1 its principles of action1 in the far-stretching ,universe1 in the glorious firmament1 in the deep1 full soul1 bursting with unutterable thoughts4 ,these are truths which every reflecting mind will unhesitatingly receive1 as not to be surpassed1 nor capable of improvement2 and fitted1 if obeyed1 to make earth indeed a ,paradise1 and man only a little lower than the angels4 ,the worthlessness of ceremonial observances1 and the necessity of active virtue2 the enforcement of purity of heart as the security for purity of life1 and of the government of the thoughts1 as the originators and forerunners of action2 universal philanthropy1 requiring us to love all men1 and to do unto others that and that only which we should think it right1 just1 and generous for them to do unto us2 forgiveness of injuries2 the necessity of self-sacrifice in the discharge of duty2 humility2 genuine sincerity1 and being that which we seem to be2 all these sublime precepts need no miracle1 no voice from the clouds1 to recommend them to our allegiance1 or to assure us of their divine origin4 ,they command obedience by virtue of their inherent rectitude and beauty2 and have been1 and are1 and will be the law in every age and every country of the world4 ,god revealed them to man in the beginning4 ,to the ,mason1 ,god is our ,father in ,heaven1 to be ,whose especial children is the sufficient reward of the peacemakers1 to see ,whose face the highest hope of the pure in heart2 ,who is ever at hand to strengthen ,his true worshippers2 to ,whom our most fervent love is due1 our most humble and patient submission2 ,whose most acceptable worship is a pure and pitying heart and a beneficent life2 in ,whose constant presence we live and act1 to ,whose merciful disposal we are resigned by that death which1 we hope and believe1 is but the entrance to a better life2 and ,whose wise decrees forbid a man to lap his soul in an elysium of mere indolent content4 ,as to our feelings toward ,him and our conduct toward man1 ,masonry teaches little about which men can differ1 and little from which they can dissent4 ,he is our ,father2 and we are all brethren4 ,this much lies open to the most ignorant and busy1 as fully as to those who have most leisure and are most learned4 ,this needs no ,priest to teach it1 and no authority to indorse it2 and if every man did that only which is consistent with it1 it would exile barbarity1 cruelty1 intolerance1 uncharitableness1 perfidy1 treachery1 revenge1 selfishness1 and all their kindred vices and bad passions beyond the confines of the world4 ,the true ,mason1 sincerely holding that a ,supreme ,god created and governs this world1 believes also that ,he governs it by laws1 which1 though wise1 just1 and beneficent1 are yet steady1 unwavering1 inexorable4 ,he believes that his agonies and sorrows are ordained for his chastening1 his strengthening1 his elaboration and development2 because they are the necessary results of the operation of laws1 the best that could be devised for the happiness and purification of the species1 and to give occasion and opportunity for the practice of all the virtues1 from the homeliest and most common1 to the noblest and most sublime2 or perhaps not even that1 but the best adapted to work out the vast1 awful1 glorious1 eternal designs of the ,great ,spirit of the ,universe4 ,he believes that the ordained operations of nature1 which have brought misery to him1 have1 from the very unswerving tranquility of their career1 showered blessings and sunshine upon many another path2 that the unrelenting chariot of ,time1 which has crushed or maimed him in its allotted course1 is pressing onward to the accomplishment of those serene and mighty purposes1 to have contributed to which1 even as a victim1 is an honor and a recompense4 ,he takes this view of ,time and ,nature and ,god1 and yet bears his lot without murmur or distrust2 because it is a portion of a system1 the best possible1 because ordained by ,god4 ,he does not believe that ,god loses sight of him1 while superintending the march of the great harmonies of the ,universe2 nor that it was not foreseen1 when the ,universe was created1 its laws enacted1 and the long succession of its operations pre-ordained1 that in the great march of those events1 he would suffer pain and undergo calamity4 ,he believes that his individual good entered into ,god's consideration1 as well as the great cardinal results to which the course of all things is tending4 ,thus believing1 he has attained an eminence in virtue1 the highest1 amid passive excellence1 which humanity can reach4 ,he finds his reward and his support in the reflection that he is an unreluctant and self-sacrificing co-operator with the ,creator of the ,universe2 and in the noble consciousness of being worthy and capable of so sublime a conception1 yet so sad a destiny4 ,he is then truly entitled to be called a ,grand ,elect1 ,perfect1 and ,sublime ,mason4 ,he is content to fall early in the battle1 if his body may but form a stepping-stone for the future conquests of humanity4 ,it cannot be that ,god1 ,who1 we are certain1 is perfectly good1 can choose us to suffer pain1 unless either we are ourselves to receive from it an antidote to what is evil in ourselves1 or else as such pain is a necessary part in the scheme of the ,universe1 which as a whole is good4 ,in either case1 the ,mason receives it with submission4 ,he would not suffer unless it was ordered so4 ,whatever his creed1 if he believes that ,god is1 and that ,he cares for ,his creatures1 he cannot doubt that2 nor that it would not have been so ordered1 unless it was either better for himself1 or for some other persons1 or for some things4 ,to complain and lament is to murmur against ,god's will1 and worse than unbelief4 ,the ,mason1 whose mind is cast in a nobler mould than those of the ignorant and unreflecting1 and is instinct with a diviner life1--who loves truth more than rest1 and the peace of ,heaven rather than the peace of ,eden1--to whom a loftier being brings severer cares1--who knows that man does not live by pleasure or content alone1 but by the presence of the power of ,god1--must cast behind him the hope of any other repose or tranquillity1 than that which is the last reward of long agonies of thought2 he must relinquish all prospect of any ,heaven save that of which trouble is the avenue and portal2 he must gird up his loins1 and trim his lamp1 for a work that must be done1 and must not be negligently done4 ,if he does not like to live in the furnished lodgings of tradition1 he must build his own house1 his own system of faith and thought1 for himself4 ,the hope of success1 and not the hope of reward1 should be our stimulating and sustaining power4 ,our object1 and not ourselves1 should be our inspiring thought4 ,selfishness is a sin1 when temporary1 and for time4 ,spun out to eternity1 it does not become celestial prudence4 ,we should toil and die1 not for ,heaven or ,bliss1 but for ,duty4 ,in the more frequent cases1 where we have to join our efforts to those of thousands of others1 to contribute to the carrying forward of a great cause2 merely to till the ground or sow the seed for a very distant harvest1 or to prepare the way for the future advent of some great amendment2 the amount which each one contributes to the achievement of ultimate success1 the portion of the price which justice should assign to each as his especial production1 can never be accurately ascertained4 ,perhaps few of those who have ever labored1 in the patience of secrecy and silence1 to bring about some political or social change1 which they felt convinced would ultimately prove of vast service to humanity1 lived to see the change effected1 or the anticipated good flow from it4 ,fewer still of them were able to pronounce what appreciable weight their several efforts contributed to the achievement of the change desired4 ,many will doubt1 whether1 in truth1 these exertions have any influence whatever2 and1 discouraged1 cease all active effort4 ,not to be thus discouraged1 the ,mason must labor to elevate and purify his motives1 as well as sedulously cherish the conviction1 assuredly a true one1 that in this world there is no such thing as effort thrown away2 that in all labor there is profit2 that all sincere exertion1 in a righteous and unselfish cause1 is necessarily followed1 in spite of all appearance to the contrary1 by an appropriate and proportionate success2 that no bread cast upon the waters can be wholly lost2 that no seed planted in the ground can fail to quicken in due time and measure2 and that1 however we may1 in moments of despondency1 be apt to doubt1 not only whether our cause will triumph1 but whether1 if it does1 we shall have contributed to its triumph1--there is ,one1 ,who has not only seen every exertion we have made1 but ,who can assign the exact degree in which each soldier has assisted to gain the great victory over social evil4 ,no good work is done wholly in vain4 ,the ,grand ,elect1 ,perfect1 and ,sublime ,mason will in nowise deserve that honorable title1 if he has not that strength1 that will1 that self-sustaining energy2 that ,faith1 that feeds upon no earthly hope1 nor ever thinks of victory1 but1 content in its own consummation1 combats because it ought to combat1 rejoicing fights1 and still rejoicing falls4 ,the ,augean ,stables of the ,world1 the accumulated uncleanness and misery of centuries1 require a mighty river to cleanse them thoroughly away2 every drop we contribute aids to swell that river and augment its force1 in a degree appreciable by ,god1 though not by man2 and he whose zeal is deep and earnest1 will not be over-anxious that his individual drops should be distinguishable amid the mighty mass of cleansing and fertilizing waters2 far less that1 for the sake of distinction1 it should flow in ineffective singleness away4 ,the true ,mason will not be careful that his name should be inscribed upon the mite which he casts into the treasury of ,god4 ,it suffices him to know that if he has labored1 with purity of purpose1 in any good cause1 he must have contributed to its success2 that the degree in which he has contributed is a matter of infinitely small concern2 and still more1 that the consciousness of having so contributed1 however obscurely and unnoticed1 is his sufficient1 even if it be his sole1 reward4 ,let every ,grand ,elect1 ,perfect1 and ,sublime ,mason cherish this faith4 ,it is a duty4 ,it is the brilliant and never-dying light that shines within and through the symbolic pedestal of alabaster1 on which reposes the perfect cube of agate1 symbol of duty1 inscribed with the divine name of ,god4 ,he who industriously sows and reaps is a good laborer1 and worthy of his hire4 ,but he who sows that which shall be reaped by others1 by those who will know not of and care not for the sower1 is a laborer of a nobler order1 and1 worthy of a more excellent reward4 ,the ,mason does not exhort others to an ascetic undervaluing of this life1 as an insignificant and unworthy portion of existence2 for that demands feelings which are unnatural1 and which1 therefore1 if attained1 must be morbid1 and if merely professed1 insincere2 and teaches us to look rather to a future life for the compensation of social evils1 than to this life for their cure2 and so does injury to the cause of virtue and to that of social progress4 ,life is real1 and is earnest1 and it is full of duties to be performed4 ,it is the beginning of our immortality4 ,those only who feel a deep interest and affection for this world will work resolutely for its amelioration2 those whose affections are transferred to ,heaven1 easily acquiesce in the miseries of earth1 deeming them hopeless1 befitting1 and ordained2 and console themselves with the idea of the amends which are one day to be theirs4 ,it is a sad truth1 that those most decidedly given to spiritual contemplation1 and to making religion rule in their hearts1 are often most apathetic toward all improvement of this world's systems1 and in many cases virtual conservatives of evil1 and hostile to political and social reform1 as diverting men's energies from eternity4 ,the ,mason does not war with his own instincts1 macerate the body into weakness and disorder1 and disparage what he sees to be beautiful1 knows to be wonderful1 and feels to be unspeakably dear and fascinating4 ,he does not put aside the nature which ,god has given him1 to struggle after one which ,he has not bestowed4 ,he knows that man is sent into the world1 not a spiritual1 but a composite being1 made up of body and mind1 the body having1 as is fit and needful in a material world1 its full1 rightful1 and allotted share4 ,his life is guided by a full recognition of this fact4 ,he does not deny it in bold words1 and admit it in weaknesses and inevitable failings4 ,he believes that his spirituality will come in the next stage of his being1 when he puts on the spiritual body2 that his body will be dropped at death2 and that1 until then1 ,god meant it to be commanded and controlled1 but not neglected1 despised1 or ignored by the soul1 under pain of heavy consequences4 ,yet the ,mason is not indifferent as to the fate of the soul1 after its present life1 as to its continued and eternal being1 and the character of the scenes in which that being will be fully developed4 ,these are to him topics of the profoundest interest1 and the most ennobling and refining contemplation4 ,they occupy much of his leisure2 and as he becomes familiar with the sorrows and calamities of this life1 as his hopes are disappointed and his visions of happiness here fade away2 when life has wearied him in its race of hours2 when he is harassed and toil-worn1 and the burden of his years weighs heavy on him1 the balance of attraction gradually inclines in favor of another life2 and he clings to his lofty speculations with a tenacity of interest which needs no injunction1 and will listen to no prohibition4 ,they are the consoling privilege of the aspiring1 the wayworn1 the weary1 and the bereaved4 ,to him the contemplation of the ,future lets in light upon the ,present1 and develops the higher portions of his nature4 ,he endeavors rightly to adjust the respective claims of ,heaven and earth upon his time and thought1 so as to give the proper proportions thereof to performing the duties and entering into the interests of this world1 and to preparation for a better2 to the cultivation and purification of his own character1 and to the public service of his fellow-men4 ,the ,mason does not dogmatize1 but entertaining and uttering his own convictions1 he leaves everyone else free to do the same2 and only hopes that the time will come1 even if after the lapse of ages1 when all men shall form one great family of brethren1 and one law alone1 the law of love1 shall govern ,god's whole ,universe4 ,believe as you may1 my brother2 if the ,universe is not1 to you1 without a ,god1 and if man is not like the beast that perishes1 but hath an immortal soul1 we welcome you among us1 to wear1 as we wear1 with humility1 and conscious of your demerits and shortcomings1 the title of ,grand ,elect1 ,perfect1 and ,sublime ,mason4 ,it was not without a secret meaning1 that twelve was the number of the ,apostles of ,christ1 and seventy-two that of his ,disciples3 that ,john addressed his rebukes and menaces to the ,seven churches1 the number of the ,archangels and the ,planets4 ,at ,babylon were the ,seven ,stages of ,bersippa1 a pyramid of ,seven stories1 and at ,ecbatana ,seven concentric inclosures1 each of a different color4 ,thebes also had ,seven gates1 and the same number is repeated again and again in the account of the flood4 ,the ,sephiroth1 or ,emanations1 ten in number1 three in one class1 and seven in the other1 repeat the mystic numbers of ,pythagoras4 ,seven ,amschaspands or planetary spirits were invoked with ,ormuzd3 ,seven inferior ,rishis of ,hindustan were saved with the head of their family in an ark3 and ,seven ancient personages alone returned with the ,british just man1 ,hu1 from the dale of the grievous waters4 ,there were ,seven ,heliad1 whose father ,helias1 or the ,sun1 once crossed the sea in a golden cup2 ,seven ,titans1 children of the older ,titan1 ,kronos or ,saturn2 ,seven ,corybantes2 and ,seven ,cabiri1 sons of ,sydyk2 ,seven primeval ,celestial spirits of the ,japanese1 and ,seven ,karfesters who escaped from the deluge and began to be the parents of a new race1 on the summit of ,mount ,albordi4 ,seven ,cyclopes1 also1 built the walls of ,tiryus4 ,celsus1 as quoted by ,origen1 tells us that the ,persians represented by symbols the two-fold motion of the stars1 fixed and planetary1 and the passage of the ,soul through their successive spheres4 ,they erected in their holy caves1 in which the mystic rites of the ,mithriac ,initiations were practised1 what he denominates a high ladder1 on the ,seven steps of which were ,seven gates or portals1 according to the number of the ,seven principal heavenly bodies4 ,through these the aspirants passed1 until they reached the summit of the whole2 and this passage was styled a transmigration through the spheres4 ,jacob saw in his dream a ladder planted or set on the earth1 and its top reaching to ,heaven1 and the ,malaki ,alohim ascending and descending on it1 and above it stood ,,ihuh1 declaring ,himself to be ,ihuh-,alhi ,abraham4 ,the word translated ladder1 is ,hebrew3 ,salam1 from ,hebrew3 1 ,salal1 raised1 elevated1 reared up1 exalted1 piled up into a heap1 ,aggeravit4 ,hebrew3 ,salalah1 means a heap1 rampart1 or other accumulation of earth or stone1 artificially made2 and ,hebrew3 1 ,salaa or ,salo1 is a rock or cliff or boulder1 and the name of the city of ,petra4 ,there is no ancient ,hebrew word to designate a pyramid4 ,the symbolic mountain ,meru was ascended by ,seven steps or stages2 and all the pyramids and artificial tumuli and hillocks thrown up in flat countries were imitations of this fabulous and mystic mountain1 for purposes of worship4 ,these were the ,high ,places so often mentioned in the ,hebrew books1 on which the idolaters sacrificed to foreign gods4 ,the pyramids were sometimes square1 and sometimes round4 ,the sacred ,babylonian tower ,hebrew3 1 ,magdol1 dedicated to the great ,father ,bal1 was an artificial hill1 of pyramidal shape1 and ,seven stages1 built of brick1 and each stage of a different color1 representing the ,seven planetary spheres by the appropriate color of each planet4 ,meru itself was said to be a single mountain1 terminating in three peaks1 and thus a symbol of the ,trimurti4 ,the great ,pagoda at ,tanjore was of six stories1 surmounted by a temple as the seventh1 and on this three spires or towers4 ,an ancient pagoda at ,deogur was surmounted by a tower1 sustaining the mystic egg and a trident4 ,herodotus tells us that the ,temple of ,bal at ,babylon was a tower composed of ,seven towers1 resting on an eighth that served as basis1 and successively diminishing in size from the bottom to the top2 and ,strabo tells us it was a pyramid4 ,faber thinks that the ,mithriac ladder was really a pyramid with ,seven stages1 each provided with a narrow door or aperture1 through each of which doors the aspirant passed1 to reach the summit1 and then descended through similar doors on the opposite side of the pyramid2 the ascent and descent of the ,soul being thus represented4 ,each ,mithriac cave and all the most ancient temples were intended to symbolize the ,universe1 which itself was habitually called the ,temple and habitation of ,deity4 ,every temple was the world in miniature2 and so the whole world was one grand temple4 ,the most ancient temples were roofless2 and therefore the ,persians1 ,celts1 and ,scythians strongly disliked artificial covered edifices4 ,cicero says that ,xerxes burned the ,grecian temples1 on the express ground that the whole world was the ,magnificent ,temple and ,habitation of the ,supreme ,deity4 ,macrobius says that the entire ,universe was judiciously deemed by many the ,temple of ,god4 ,plato pronounced the real ,temple of the ,deity to be the world2 and ,heraclitus declared that the ,universe1 variegated with animals and plants and stars was the only genuine ,temple of the ,divinity4 ,how completely the ,temple of ,solomon was symbolic1 is manifest1 not only from the continual reproduction in it of the sacred numbers and of astrological symbols in the historical descriptions of it2 but also1 and yet more1 from the details of the imaginary reconstructed edifice1 seen by ,ezekiel in his vision4 ,the ,apocalypse completes the demonstration1 and shows the kabalistic meanings of the whole4 ,the ,symbola ,architectonica are found on the most ancient edifices2 and these mathematical figures and instruments1 adopted by the ,templars1 and identical with those on the gnostic seals and abrax1 connect their dogma with the ,chaldaic1 ,syriac1 and ,egyptian ,oriental philosophy4 ,the secret ,pythagorean doctrines of numbers were preserved by the monks of ,thibet1 by the ,hierophants of ,egypt and ,eleusis1 at ,jerusalem1 and in the circular ,chapters of the ,druids2 and they are especially consecrated in that mysterious book1 the ,apocalypse of ,saint ,john4 ,all temples were surrounded by pillars1 recording the number of the constellations1 the signs of the zodiac1 or the cycles of the planets2 and each one was a microcosm or symbol of the ,universe1 having for roof or ceiling the starred vault of ,heaven4 ,all temples were originally open at the top1 having for roof the sky4 ,twelve pillars described the belt of the zodiac4 ,whatever the number of the pillars1 they were mystical everywhere4 ,at ,abury1 the ,druidic temple reproduced all the cycles by its columns4 ,around the temples of ,chilminar in ,persia1 of ,baalbec1 and of ,tukhti ,schlomoh in ,tartary1 on the frontier of ,china1 stood forty pillars4 ,on each side of the temple at ,pstum were fourteen1 recording the ,egyptian cycle of the dark and light sides of the moon1 as described by ,plutarch2 the whole thirty-eight that surrounded them recording the two meteoric cycles so often found in the ,druidic temples4 ,the theatre built by ,scaurus1 in ,greece1 was surrounded by #cfj columns2 the ,temple at ,mecca1 and that at ,iona in ,scotland by #cfj stones4 ,illustration ,,morals ,,and ,,dogma ,,chapter ,,of ,,rose ,,croix ,illustration ,,xv4 ,,knight ,,of ,,the ,,east ,,or ,,of ,,the ,,sword4 ,knight of the ,east1 of the ,sword1 or of the ,eagle4 ,this ,degree1 like all others in ,masonry1 is symbolical4 ,based upon historical truth and authentic tradition1 it is still an allegory4 ,the leading lesson of this ,degree is ,fidelity to obligation1 and ,constancy and ,perseverance under difficulties and discouragement4 ,masonry is engaged in her crusade1--against ignorance1 intolerance1 fanaticism1 superstition1 uncharitableness1 and error4 ,she does not sail with the trade-winds1 upon a smooth sea1 with a steady free breeze1 fair for a welcoming harbor2 but meets and must overcome many opposing currents1 baffling winds1 and dead calms4 ,the chief obstacles to her success are the apathy and faithlessness of her own selfish children1 and the supine indifference of the world4 ,in the roar and crush and hurry of life and business1 and the tumult and uproar of politics1 the quiet voice of ,masonry is unheard and unheeded4 ,the first lesson which one learns1 who engages in any great work of reform or beneficence1 is1 that men are essentially careless1 lukewarm1 and indifferent as to everything that does not concern their own personal and immediate welfare4 ,it is to single men1 and not to the united efforts of many1 that all the great works of man1 struggling toward perfection1 are owing4 ,the enthusiast1 who imagines that he can inspire with his own enthusiasm the multitude that eddies around him1 or even the few who have associated themselves with him as co-workers1 is grievously mistaken2 and most often the conviction of his own mistake is followed by discouragement and disgust4 ,to do all1 to pay all1 and to suffer all1 and then1 when despite all obstacles and hindrances1 success is accomplished1 and a great work done1 to see those who opposed or looked coldly on it1 claim and reap all the praise and reward1 is the common and almost universal lot of the benefactor of his kind4 ,he who endeavors to serve1 to benefit1 and improve the world1 is like a swimmer1 who struggles against a rapid current1 in a river lashed into angry waves by the winds4 ,often they roar over his head1 often they beat him back and baffle him4 ,most men yield to the stress of the current1 and float with it to the shore1 or are swept over the rapids2 and only here and there the stout1 strong heart and vigorous arms struggle on toward ultimate success4 ,it is the motionless and stationary that most frets and impedes the current of progress2 the solid rock or stupid dead tree1 rested firmly on the bottom1 and around which the river whirls and eddies3 the ,masons that doubt and hesitate and are discouraged2 that disbelieve in the capability of man to improve2 that are not disposed to toil and labor for the interest and well-being of general humanity2 that expect others to do all1 even of that which they do not oppose or ridicule2 while they sit1 applauding and doing nothing1 or perhaps prognosticating failure4 ,there were many such at the rebuilding of the ,temple4 ,there were prophets of evil and misfortune--the lukewarm and the indifferent and the apathetic2 those who stood by and sneered2 and those who thought they did ,god service enough if they now and then faintly applauded4 ,there were ravens croaking ill omen1 and murmurers who preached the folly and futility of the attempt4 ,the world is made up of such2 and they were as abundant then as they are now4 ,but gloomy and discouraging as was the prospect1 with lukewarmness within and bitter opposition without1 our ancient brethren persevered4 ,let us leave them engaged in the good work1 and whenever to us1 as to them1 success is uncertain1 remote1 and contingent1 let us still remember that the only question for us to ask1 as true men and ,masons1 is1 what does duty require2 and not what will be the result and our reward if we do our duty4 ,work on with the ,sword in one hand1 and the ,trowel in the other6 ,masonry teaches that ,god is a ,paternal ,being1 and has an interest in his creatures1 such as is expressed in the title ,father2 an interest unknown to all the systems of ,paganism1 untaught in all the theories of philosophy2 an interest not only in the glorious beings of other spheres1 the ,sons of ,light1 the dwellers in ,heavenly worlds1 but in us1 poor1 ignorant1 and unworthy2 that ,he has pity for the erring1 pardon for the guilty1 love for the pure1 knowledge for the humble1 and promises of immortal life for those who trust in and obey ,him4 ,without a belief in ,him1 life is miserable1 the world is dark1 the ,universe disrobed of its splendors1 the intellectual tie to nature broken1 the charm of existence dissolved1 the great hope of being lost2 and the mind1 like a star struck from its sphere1 wanders through the infinite desert of its conceptions1 without attraction1 tendency1 destiny1 or end4 ,masonry teaches1 that1 of all the events and actions1 that take place in the universe of worlds and the eternal succession of ages1 there is not one1 even the minutest1 which ,god did not forever foresee1 with all the distinctness of immediate vision1 combining all1 so that man's free will should be ,his instrument1 like all the other forces of nature4 ,it teaches that the soul of man is formed by ,him for a purpose2 that1 built up in its proportions1 and fashioned in every part1 by infinite skill1 an emanation from ,his spirit1 its nature1 necessity1 and design are virtue4 ,it is so formed1 so moulded1 so fashioned1 so exactly balanced1 so exquisitely proportioned in every part1 that sin introduced into it is misery2 that vicious thoughts fall upon it like drops of poison2 and guilty desires1 breathing on its delicate fibres1 make plague-spots there1 deadly as those of pestilence upon the body4 ,it is made for virtue1 and not for vice2 for purity1 as its end1 rest1 and happiness4 ,not more vainly would we attempt to make the mountain sink to the level of the valley1 the waves of the angry sea turn back from its shores and cease to thunder upon the beach1 the stars to halt in their swift courses1 than to change any one law of our own nature4 ,and one of those laws1 uttered by ,god's voice1 and speaking through every nerve and fibre1 every force and element1 of the moral constitution ,he has given us1 is that we must be upright and virtuous2 that if tempted we must resist2 that we must govern our unruly passions1 and hold in hand our sensual appetites4 ,and this is not the dictate of an arbitrary will1 nor of some stern and impracticable law2 but it is part of the great firm law of harmony that binds the ,universe together3 not the mere enactment of arbitrary will2 but the dictate of ,infinite ,wisdom4 ,we know that ,god is good1 and that what ,he does is right4 ,this known1 the works of creation1 the changes of life1 the destinies of eternity1 are all spread before us1 as the dispensations and counsels of infinite love4 ,this known1 we then know that the love of ,god is working to issues1 like itself1 beyond all thought and imagination good and glorious2 and that the only reason why we do not understand it1 is that it is too glorious for us to understand4 ,god's love takes care for all1 and nothing is neglected4 ,it watches over all1 provides for all1 makes wise adaptations for all2 for age1 for infancy1 for maturity1 for childhood2 in every scene of this or another world2 for want1 weakness1 joy1 sorrow1 and even for sin4 ,all is good and well and right2 and shall be so forever4 ,through the eternal ages the light of ,god's beneficence shall shine hereafter1 disclosing all1 consummating all1 rewarding all that deserve reward4 ,then we shall see1 what now we can only believe4 ,the cloud will be lifted up1 the gate of mystery be passed1 and the full light shine forever2 the light of which that of the ,lodge is a symbol4 ,then that which caused us trial shall yield us triumph2 and that which made our heart ache shall fill us with gladness2 and we shall then feel that there1 as here1 the only true happiness is to learn1 to advance1 and to improve2 which could not happen unless we had commenced with error1 ignorance1 and imperfection4 ,we must pass through the darkness1 to reach the light4 ,illustration ,,xvi4 ,,prince ,,of ,,jerusalem4 ,we no longer expect to rebuild the ,temple at ,jerusalem4 ,to us it has become but a symbol4 ,to us the whole world is ,god's ,temple1 as is every upright heart4 ,to establish all over the world the ,new ,law and ,reign of ,love1 ,peace1 ,charity1 and ,toleration1 is to build that ,temple1 most acceptable to ,god1 in erecting which ,masonry is now engaged4 ,no longer needing to repair to ,jerusalem to worship1 nor to offer up sacrifices and shed blood to propitiate the ,deity1 man may make the woods and mountains his ,churches and ,temples1 and worship ,god with a devout gratitude1 and with works of charity and beneficence to his fellow-men4 ,wherever the humble and contrite heart silently offers up its adoration1 under the overarching trees1 in the open1 level meadows1 on the hill-side1 in the glen1 or in the city's swarming streets2 there is ,god's ,house and the ,new ,jerusalem4 ,the ,princes of ,jerusalem no longer sit as magistrates to judge between the people2 nor is their number limited to five4 ,but their duties still remain substantially the same1 and their insignia and symbols retain their old significance4 ,justice and ,equity are still their characteristics4 ,to reconcile disputes and heal dissensions1 to restore amity and peace1 to soothe dislikes and soften prejudices1 are their peculiar duties2 and they know that the peacemakers are blessed4 ,their emblems have been already explained4 ,they are part of the language of ,masonry2 the same now as it was when ,moses learned it from the ,egyptian ,hierophants4 ,still we observe the spirit of the ,divine law1 as thus enunciated to our ancient brethren1 when the ,temple was rebuilt1 and the book of the law again opened3 ,execute true judgment2 and show mercy and compassion every man to his brother4 ,oppress not the widow nor the fatherless1 the stranger nor the poor2 and let none of you imagine evil against his brother in his heart4 ,speak ye every man the truth to his neighbor2 execute the judgment of ,truth and ,peace in your gates2 and love no false oath2 for all these ,i hate1 saith the ,lord4 ,let those who have power rule in righteousness1 and ,princes in judgment4 ,and let him that is a judge be as an hiding-place from the wind1 and a covert from the tempest2 as rivers of water in a dry place2 as the shadow of a great rock in a weary land4 ,then the vile person shall no more be called liberal2 nor the churl bountiful2 and the work of justice shall be peace2 and the effect of justice1 quiet and security2 and wisdom and knowledge shall be the stability of the times4 ,walk ye righteously and speak uprightly2 despise the gains of oppression1 shake from your hands the contamination of bribes2 stop not your ears against the cries of the oppressed1 nor shut your eyes that you may not see the crimes of the great2 and you shall dwell on high1 and your place of defence be like munitions of rocks4 ,forget not these precepts of the old ,law2 and especially do not forget1 as you advance1 that every ,mason1 however humble1 is your brother1 and the laboring man your peer6 ,remember always that all ,masonry is work1 and that the trowel is an emblem of the ,degrees in this ,council4 ,labor1 when rightly understood1 is both noble and ennobling1 and intended to develop man's moral and spiritual nature1 and not to be deemed a disgrace or a misfortune4 ,everything around us is1 in its bearings and influences1 moral4 ,the serene and bright morning1 when we recover our conscious existence from the embraces of sleep2 when1 from that image of ,death ,god calls us to a new life1 and again gives us existence1 and ,his mercies visit us in every bright ray and glad thought1 and call for gratitude and content2 the silence of that early dawn1 the hushed silence1 as it were1 of expectation2 the holy eventide1 its cooling breeze1 its lengthening shadows1 its falling shades1 its still and sober hour2 the sultry noontide and the stern and solemn midnight2 and ,spring-time1 and chastening ,autumn2 and ,summer1 that unbars our gates1 and carries us forth amidst the ever-renewed wonders of the world2 and ,winter1 that gathers us around the evening hearth3--all these1 as they pass1 touch by turns the springs of the spiritual life in us1 and are conducting that life to good or evil4 ,the idle watch-hand often points to something within us2 and the shadow of the gnomon on the dial often falls upon the conscience4 ,a life of labor is not a state of inferiority or degradation4 ,the ,almighty has not cast man's lot beneath the quiet shades1 and amid glad groves and lovely hills1 with no task to perform2 with nothing to do but to rise up and eat1 and to lie down and rest4 ,he has ordained that ,work shall be done1 in all the dwellings of life1 in every productive field1 in every busy city1 and on every wave of every ocean4 ,and this ,he has done1 because it has pleased ,him to give man a nature destined to higher ends than indolent repose and irresponsible profitless indulgence2 and because1 for developing the energies of such a nature1 work was the necessary and proper element4 ,we might as well ask why ,he could not make two and two be six1 as why ,he could not develop these energies without the instrumentality of work4 ,they are equally impossibilities4 ,this1 ,masonry teaches1 as a great ,truth2 a great moral landmark1 that ought to guide the course of all mankind4 ,it teaches its toiling children that the scene of their daily life is all spiritual1 that the very implements of their toil1 the fabrics they weave1 the merchandise they barter1 are designed for spiritual ends2 that so believing1 their daily lot may be to them a sphere for the noblest improvement4 ,that which we do in our intervals of relaxation1 our church-going1 and our book-reading1 are especially designed to prepare our minds for the action of ,life4 ,we are to hear and read and meditate1 that we may act well2 and the action of ,life is itself the great field for spiritual improvement4 ,there is no task of industry or business1 in field or forest1 on the wharf or the ship's deck1 in the office or the exchange1 but has spiritual ends4 ,there is no care or cross of our daily labor1 but was especially ordained to nurture in us patience1 calmness1 resolution1 perseverance1 gentleness1 disinterestedness1 magnanimity4 ,nor is there any tool or implement of toil1 but is a part of the great spiritual instrumentality4 ,all the relations of life1 those of parent1 child1 brother1 sister1 friend1 associate1 lover and beloved1 husband1 wife1 are moral1 throughout every living tie and thrilling nerve that bind them together4 ,they cannot subsist a day nor an hour without putting the mind to a trial of its truth1 fidelity1 forbearance1 and disinterestedness4 ,a great city is one extended scene of moral action4 ,there is no blow struck in it but has a purpose1 ultimately good or bad1 and therefore moral4 ,there is no action performed1 but has a motive2 and motives are the special jurisdiction of morality4 ,equipages1 houses1 and furniture are symbols of what is moral1 and they in a thousand ways minister to right or wrong feeling4 ,everything that belongs to us1 ministering to our comfort or luxury1 awakens in us emotions of pride or gratitude1 of selfishness or vanity2 thoughts of self-indulgence1 or merciful remembrances of the needy and the destitute4 ,everything acts upon and influences us4 ,god's great law of sympathy and harmony is potent and inflexible as ,his law of gravitation4 ,a sentence embodying a noble thought stirs our blood2 a noise made by a child frets and exasperates us1 and influences our actions4 ,a world of spiritual objects1 influences1 and relations lies around us all4 ,we all vaguely deem it to be so2 but he only lives a charmed life1 like that of genius and poetic inspiration1 who communes with the spiritual scene around him1 hears the voice of the spirit in every sound1 sees its signs in every passing form of things1 and feels its impulse in all action1 passion1 and being4 ,very near to us lies the mines of wisdom2 unsuspected they lie all around us4 ,there is a secret in the simplest things1 a wonder in the plainest1 a charm in the dullest4 ,we are all naturally seekers of wonders4 ,we travel far to see the majesty of old ruins1 the venerable forms of the hoary mountains1 great water-falls1 and galleries of art4 ,and yet the world-wonder is all around us2 the wonder of setting suns1 and evening stars1 of the magic spring-time1 the blossoming of the trees1 the strange transformations of the moth2 the wonder of the ,infinite ,divinity and of ,his boundless revelation4 ,there is no splendor beyond that which sets its morning throne in the golden ,east2 no dome sublime as that of ,heaven2 no beauty so fair as that of the verdant1 blossoming earth2 no place1 however invested with the sanctities of old time1 like that home which is hushed and folded within the embrace of the humblest wall and roof4 ,and all these are but the symbols of things1 far greater and higher4 ,all is but the clothing of the spirit4 ,in this vesture of time is wrapped the immortal nature3 in this show of circumstance and form stands revealed the stupendous reality4 ,let man but be1 as he is1 a living soul1 communing with himself and with ,god1 and his vision becomes eternity2 his abode1 infinity2 his home1 the bosom of all-embracing love4 ,the great problem of ,humanity is wrought out in the humblest abodes2 no more than this is done in the highest4 ,a human heart throbs beneath the beggar's gabardine2 and that and no more stirs with its beating the ,prince's mantle4 ,the beauty of ,love1 the charm of ,friendship1 the sacredness of ,sorrow1 the heroism of ,patience1 the noble ,self-sacrifice1 these and their like1 alone1 make life to be life indeed1 and are its grandeur and its power4 ,they are the priceless treasures and glory of humanity2 and they are not things of condition4 ,all places and all scenes are alike clothed with the grandeur and charm of virtues such as these4 ,the million occasions will come to us all1 in the ordinary paths of our life1 in our homes1 and by our firesides1 wherein we may act as nobly1 as if1 all our life long1 we led armies1 sat in senates1 or visited beds of sickness and pain4 ,varying every hour1 the million occasions will come in which we may restrain our passions1 subdue our hearts to gentleness and patience1 resign our own interest for another's advantage1 speak words of kindness and wisdom1 raise the fallen1 cheer the fainting and sick in spirit1 and soften and assuage the weariness and bitterness of their mortal lot4 ,to every ,mason there will be opportunity enough for these4 ,they cannot be written on his tomb2 but they will be written deep in the hearts of men1 of friends1 of children1 of kindred all around him1 in the book of the great account1 and1 in their eternal influences1 on the great pages of the ,universe4 ,to such a destiny1 at least1 my ,brethren1 let us all aspire6 ,these laws of ,masonry let us all strive to obey6 ,and so may our hearts become true temples of the ,living ,god6 ,and may ,he encourage our zeal1 sustain our hopes1 and assure us of success6 ,illustration ,illustration ,,xvii4 ,,knight ,,of ,,the ,,east ,,and ,,west4 ,this is the first of the ,philosophical ,degrees of the ,ancient and ,accepted ,scottish ,rite2 and the beginning of a course of instruction which will fully unveil to you the heart and inner mysteries of ,masonry4 ,do not despair because you have often seemed on the point of attaining the inmost light1 and have as often been disappointed4 ,in all time1 truth has been hidden under symbols1 and often under a succession of allegories3 where veil after veil had to be penetrated before the true ,light was reached1 and the essential truth stood revealed4 ,the ,human ,light is but an imperfect reflection of a ray of the ,infinite and ,divine4 ,we are about to approach those ancient ,religions which once ruled the minds of men1 and whose ruins encumber the plains of the great ,past1 as the broken columns of ,palmyra and ,tadmor lie bleaching on the sands of the desert4 ,they rise before us1 those old1 strange1 mysterious creeds and faiths1 shrouded in the mists of antiquity1 and stalk dimly and undefined along the line which divides ,time from ,eternity2 and forms of strange1 wild1 startling beauty mingled in the vast throngs of figures with shapes monstrous1 grotesque1 and hideous4 ,the religion taught by ,moses1 which1 like the laws of ,egypt1 enunciated the principle of exclusion1 borrowed1 at every period of its existence1 from all the creeds with which it came in contact4 ,while1 by the studies of the learned and wise1 it enriched itself with the most admirable principles of the religions of ,egypt and ,asia1 it was changed1 in the wanderings of the ,people1 by everything that was most impure or seductive in the pagan manners and superstitions4 ,it was one thing in the times of ,moses and ,aaron1 another in those of ,david and ,solomon1 and still another in those of ,daniel and ,philo4 ,at the time when ,john the ,baptist made his appearance in the desert1 near the shores of the ,dead ,sea1 all the old philosophical and religious systems were approximating toward each other4 ,a general lassitude inclined the minds of all toward the quietude of that amalgamation of doctrines for which the expeditions of ,alexander and the more peaceful occurrences that followed1 with the establishment in ,asia and ,africa of many ,grecian dynasties and a great number of ,grecian colonies1 had prepared the way4 ,after the intermingling of different nations1 which resulted from the wars of ,alexander in three-quarters of the globe1 the doctrines of ,greece1 of ,egypt1 of ,persia1 and of ,india1 met and intermingled everywhere4 ,all the barriers that had formerly kept the nations apart1 were thrown down2 and while the ,people of the ,west readily connected their faith with those of the ,east1 those of the ,orient hastened to learn the traditions of ,rome and the legends of ,athens4 ,while the ,philosophers of ,greece1 all 7except the disciples of ,epicurus7 more or less ,platonists1 seized eagerly upon the beliefs and doctrines of the ,east1--the ,jews and ,egyptians1 before then the most exclusive of all peoples1 yielded to that eclecticism which prevailed among their masters1 the ,greeks and ,romans4 ,under the same influences of toleration1 even those who embraced ,christianity1 mingled together the old and the new1 ,christianity and ,philosophy1 the ,apostolic teachings and the traditions of ,mythology4 ,the man of intellect1 devotee of one system1 rarely displaces it with another in all its purity4 ,the people take such a creed as is offered them4 ,accordingly1 the distinction between the esoteric and the exoteric doctrine1 immemorial in other creeds1 easily gained a foothold among many of the ,christians2 and it was held by a vast number1 even during the preaching of ,paul1 that the writings of the ,apostles were incomplete2 that they contained only the germs of another doctrine1 which must receive from the hands of philosophy1 not only the systematic arrangement which was wanting1 but all the development which lay concealed therein4 ,the writings of the ,apostles1 they said1 in addressing themselves to mankind in general1 enunciated only the articles of the vulgar faith2 but transmitted the mysteries of knowledge to superior minds1 to the ,elect1--mysteries handed down from generation to generation in esoteric traditions2 and to this science of the mysteries they gave the name of ,greek3 ,gnsis4 ,the ,gnostics derived their leading doctrines and ideas from ,plato and ,philo1 the ,zend-avesta and the ,kabalah1 and the ,sacred books of ,india and ,egypt2 and thus introduced into the bosom of ,christianity the cosmological and theosophical speculations1 which had formed the larger portion of the ancient religions of the ,orient1 joined to those of the ,egyptian1 ,greek1 and ,jewish doctrines1 which the ,neo-,platonists had equally adopted in the ,occident4 ,emanation from the ,deity of all spiritual beings1 progressive degeneration of these beings from emanation to emanation1 redemption and return of all to the purity of the ,creator2 and1 after the re-establishment of the primitive harmony of all1 a fortunate and truly divine condition of all1 in the bosom of ,god2 such were the fundamental teachings of ,gnosticism4 ,the genius of the ,orient1 with its contemplations1 irradiations1 and intuitions1 dictated its doctrines4 ,its language corresponded to its origin4 ,full of imagery1 it had all the magnificence1 the inconsistencies1 and the mobility of the figurative style4 ,behold1 it said1 the light1 which emanates from an immense centre of ,light1 that spreads everywhere its benevolent rays2 so do the spirits of ,light emanate from the ,divine ,light4 ,behold1 all the springs which nourish1 embellish1 fertilize1 and purify the ,earth2 they emanate from one and the same ocean2 so from the bosom of the ,divinity emanate so many streams1 which form and fill the universe of intelligences4 ,behold numbers1 which all emanate from one primitive number1 all resemble it1 all are composed of its essence1 and still vary infinitely2 and utterances1 decomposable into so many syllables and elements1 all contained in the primitive ,word1 and still infinitely various2 so the world of ,intelligences emanated from a ,primary ,intelligence1 and they all resemble it1 and yet display an infinite variety of existences4 ,it revived and combined the old doctrines of the ,orient and the ,occident2 and it found in many passages of the ,gospels and the ,pastoral letters1 a warrant for doing so4 ,christ himself spoke in parables and allegories1 ,john borrowed the enigmatical language of the ,platonists1 and ,paul often indulged in incomprehensible rhapsodies1 the meaning of which could have been clear to the ,initiates alone4 ,it is admitted that the cradle of ,gnosticism is probably to be looked for in ,syria1 and even in ,palestine4 ,most of its expounders wrote in that corrupted form of the ,greek used by the ,hellenistic ,jews1 and in the ,septuagint and the ,new ,testament2 and there was a striking analogy between their doctrines and those of the ,judo-,egyptian ,philo1 of ,alexandria2 itself the seat of three schools1 at once philosophic and religious--the ,greek1 the ,egyptian1 and the ,jewish4 ,pythagoras and ,plato1 the most mystical of the ,grecian ,philosophers 7the latter heir to the doctrines of the former71 and who had travelled1 the latter in ,egypt1 and the former in ,phnicia1 ,india1 and ,persia1 also taught the esoteric doctrine and the distinction between the initiated and the profane4 ,the dominant doctrines of ,platonism were found in ,gnosticism4 ,emanation of ,intelligences from the bosom of the ,deity2 the going astray in error and the sufferings of spirits1 so long as they are remote from ,god1 and imprisoned in matter2 vain and long-continued efforts to arrive at the knowledge of the ,truth1 and re-enter into their primitive union with the ,supreme ,being2 alliance of a pure and divine soul with an irrational soul1 the seat of evil desires2 angels or demons who dwell in and govern the planets1 having but an imperfect knowledge of the ideas that presided at the creation2 regeneration of all beings by their return to the ,greek3 1 kosmos notos1 the world of ,intelligences1 and its ,chief1 the ,supreme ,being2 sole possible mode of re-establishing that primitive harmony of the creation1 of which the music of the spheres of ,pythagoras was the image2 these were the analogies of the two systems2 and we discover in them some of the ideas that form a part of ,masonry2 in which1 in the present mutilated condition of the symbolic ,degrees1 they are disguised and overlaid with fiction and absurdity1 or present themselves as casual hints that are passed by wholly unnoticed4 ,the distinction between the esoteric and exoteric doctrines 7a distinction purely ,masonic71 was always and from the very earliest times preserved among the ,greeks4 ,it remounted to the fabulous times of ,orpheus2 and the mysteries of ,theosophy were found in all their traditions and myths4 ,and after the time of ,alexander1 they resorted for instruction1 dogmas1 and mysteries1 to all the schools1 to those of ,egypt and ,asia1 as well as those of ,ancient ,thrace1 ,sicily1 ,etruria1 and ,attica4 ,the ,jewish-,greek ,school of ,alexandria is known only by two of its ,chiefs1 ,aristobulus and ,philo1 both ,jews of ,alexandria in ,egypt4 ,belonging to ,asia by its origin1 to ,egypt by its residence1 to ,greece by its language and studies1 it strove to show that all truths embedded in the philosophies of other countries were transplanted thither from ,palestine4 ,aristobulus declared that all the facts and details of the ,jewish ,scriptures were so many allegories1 concealing the most profound meanings1 and that ,plato had borrowed from them all his finest ideas4 ,philo1 who lived a century after him1 following the same theory1 endeavored to show that the ,hebrew writings1 by their system of allegories1 were the true source of all religious and philosophical doctrines4 ,according to him1 the literal meaning is for the vulgar alone4 ,whoever has meditated on philosophy1 purified himself by virtue1 and raised himself by contemplation1 to ,god and the intellectual world1 and received their inspiration1 pierces the gross envelope of the letter1 discovers a wholly different order of things1 and is initiated into mysteries1 of which the elementary or literal instruction offers but an imperfect image4 ,a historical fact1 a figure1 a word1 a letter1 a number1 a rite1 a custom1 the parable or vision of a prophet1 veils the most profound truths2 and he who has the key of science will interpret all according to the light he possesses4 ,again we see the symbolism of ,masonry1 and the search of the ,candidate for light4 ,let men of narrow minds withdraw1 he says1 with closed ears4 ,we transmit the divine mysteries to those who have received the sacred initiation1 to those who practise true piety1 and who are not enslaved by the empty trappings of words or the preconceived opinions of the pagans4 ,to ,philo1 the ,supreme ,being was the ,primitive ,light1 or the ,archetype of ,light1 ,source whence the rays emanate that illuminate ,souls4 ,he was also the ,soul of the ,universe1 and as such acted in all its parts4 ,he ,himself fills and limits ,his whole ,being4 ,his ,powers and ,virtues fill and penetrate all4 ,these ,powers ,greek3 1 dunameis are ,spirits distinct from ,god1 the ,ideas of ,plato personified4 ,he is without beginning1 and lives in the prototype of ,time 1 aion4 ,his image is ,,the ,,word ,greek3 1 a form more brilliant than fire2 that not being the pure light4 ,this ,,logos dwells in ,god2 for the ,supreme ,being makes to ,himself within ,his ,intelligence the types or ideas of everything that is to become reality in this ,world4 ,the ,,logos is the vehicle by which ,god acts on the ,universe1 and may be compared to the speech of man4 ,the ,,logos being the ,world of ,ideas ,greek3 1 by means whereof ,god has created visible things1 ,he is the most ancient ,god1 in comparison with the ,world1 which is the youngest production4 ,the ,,logos1 ,chief of ,intelligence1 of which ,he is the general representative1 is named ,archangel1 type and representative of all spirits1 even those of mortals4 ,he is also styled the man-type and primitive man1 ,adam ,kadmon4 ,god only is ,wise4 ,the wisdom of man is but the reflection and image of that of ,god4 ,he is the ,father1 and ,his ,,wisdom the mother of creation3 for ,he united ,himself with ,,wisdom ,greek3 1 ,sophia1 and communicated to it the germ of creation1 and it brought forth the material world4 ,he created the ideal world only1 and caused the material world to be made real after its type1 by ,his ,,logos1 which is ,his speech1 and at the same time the ,idea of ,ideas1 the ,intellectual ,world4 ,the ,intellectual ,city was but the ,thought of the ,architect1 who meditated the creation1 according to that plan of the ,material ,city4 ,the ,word is not only the ,creator1 but occupies the place of the ,supreme ,being4 ,through ,him all the ,powers and ,attributes of ,god act4 ,on the other side1 as first representative of the ,human ,family1 ,he is the ,protector of men and their ,shepherd4 ,god gives to man the ,soul or ,intelligence1 which exists before the body1 and which he unites with the body4 ,the reasoning ,principle comes from ,god through the ,word1 and communes with ,god and with the ,word2 but there is also in man an irrational ,principle1 that of the inclinations and passions which produce disorder1 emanating from inferior spirits who fill the air as ministers of ,god4 ,the body1 taken from the ,earth1 and the irrational ,principle that animates it concurrently with the rational ,principle1 are hated by ,god1 while the rational soul which ,he has given it1 is1 as it were1 captive in this prison1 this coffin1 that encompasses it4 ,the present condition of man is not his primitive condition1 when he was the image of the ,logos4 ,he has fallen from his first estate4 ,but he may raise himself again1 by following the directions of ,,wisdom ,greek3 and of the ,angels which ,god has commissioned to aid him in freeing himself from the bonds of the body1 and combating ,evil1 the existence whereof ,god has permitted1 to furnish him the means of exercising his liberty4 ,the souls that are purified1 not by the ,law but by light1 rise to the ,heavenly regions1 to enjoy there a perfect felicity4 ,those that persevere in evil go from body to body1 the seats of passions and evil desires4 ,the familiar lineaments of these doctrines will be recognized by all who read the ,epistles of ,st4 ,paul1 who wrote after ,philo1 the latter living till the reign of ,caligula1 and being the contemporary of ,christ4 ,and the ,mason is familiar with these doctrines of ,philo3 that the ,supreme ,being is a centre of ,light whose rays or emanations pervade the ,universe2 for that is the ,light for which all ,masonic journeys are a search1 and of which the sun and moon in our ,lodges are only emblems3 that ,light and ,darkness1 chief enemies from the beginning of ,time1 dispute with each other the empire of the world2 which we symbolize by the candidate wandering in darkness and being brought to light3 that the world was created1 not by the ,supreme ,being1 but by a secondary agent1 who is but ,his ,,word the ,greek3 1 and by types which are but his ideas1 aided by an ,,intelligence1 or ,,wisdom ,greek3 1 which gives one of ,his ,attributes2 in which we see the occult meaning of the necessity of recovering the ,word2 and of our two columns of ,,strength and ,,wisdom1 which are also the two parallel lines that bound the circle representing the ,universe3 that the visible world is the image of the invisible world2 that the essence of the ,human ,soul is the image of ,god1 and it existed before the body2 that the object of its terrestrial life is to disengage itself of its body or its sepulchre2 and that it will ascend to the ,heavenly regions whenever it shall be purified2 in which we see the meaning1 now almost forgotten in our ,lodges1 of the mode of preparation of the candidate for apprenticeship1 and his tests and purifications in the first ,degree1 according to the ,ancient and ,accepted ,scottish ,rite4 ,philo incorporated in his eclecticism neither ,egyptian nor ,oriental elements4 ,but there were other ,jewish ,teachers in ,alexandria who did both4 ,the ,jews of ,egypt were slightly jealous of1 and a little hostile to1 those of ,palestine1 particularly after the erection of the sanctuary at ,leontopolis by the ,high-,priest ,onias2 and therefore they admired and magnified those sages1 who1 like ,jeremiah1 had resided in ,egypt4 ,the wisdom of ,solomon was written at ,alexandria1 and1 in the time of ,st4 ,jerome1 was attributed to ,philo2 but it contains principles at variance with his4 ,it personifies ,wisdom1 and draws between its children and the ,profane1 the same line of demarcation that ,egypt had long before taught to the ,jews4 ,that distinction existed at the beginning of the ,mosaic creed4 ,moshah himself was an ,initiate in the mysteries of ,egypt1 as he was compelled to be1 as the adopted son of the daughter of ,pharaoh1 ,thouoris1 daughter of ,sesostris-,ramses2 who1 as her tomb and monuments show1 was1 in the right of her infant husband1 ,regent of ,lower ,egypt or the ,delta at the time of the ,hebrew ,prophet's birth1 reigning at ,heliopolis4 ,she was also1 as the reliefs on her tomb show1 a ,priestess of ,,hathor and ,,neith1 the two great primeval goddesses4 ,as her adopted son1 living in her ,palace and presence forty years1 and during that time scarcely acquainted with his brethren the ,jews1 the law of ,egypt compelled his initiation3 and we find in many of his enactments the intention of preserving1 between the common people and the ,initiates1 the line of separation which he found in ,egypt4 ,moshah and ,aharun his brother1 the whole series of ,high-,priests1 the ,council of the #gj ,elders1 ,salomon and the entire succession of ,prophets1 were in possession of a higher science2 and of that science ,masonry is1 at least1 the lineal descendant4 ,it was familiarly known as ,,the ,,knowledge ,,of ,,the ,,word4 ,,am,n1 at first the ,god of ,lower ,egypt only1 where ,moshah was reared a word that in ,hebrew means ,truth1 was the ,supreme ,god4 ,he was styled the ,celestial ,lord1 who sheds ,light on hidden things4 ,he was the source of that divine life1 of which the crux ansata is the symbol2 and the source of all power4 ,he united all the attributes that the ,ancient ,oriental ,theosophy assigned to the ,supreme ,being4 ,he was the ,greek3 7,pleroma71 or ,fullness of things1 for ,he comprehended in ,himself everything2 and the ,,light2 for he was the ,sun-,god4 ,he was unchangeable in the midst of everything phenomenal in his worlds4 ,he created nothing2 but everything emanated from ,him2 and of ,him all the other ,gods were but manifestations4 ,the ,ram was ,his living symbol2 which you see reproduced in this ,degree1 lying on the book with seven seals on the tracing-board4 ,he caused the creation of the world by the ,primitive ,thought ,greek3 1 ,ennoia1 or ,spirit ,greek3 1 ,pneuma1 that issued from him by means of his ,voice or the ,,word2 and which ,thought or ,spirit was personified as the ,goddess ,,neith4 ,she1 too1 was a divinity of ,light1 and mother of the ,sun2 and the ,feast of ,lamps was celebrated in her honor at ,sais4 ,the ,creative ,power1 another manifestation of ,deity1 proceeding to the creation conceived of in her1 the ,divine ,intelligence1 produced with its ,word the ,universe1 symbolized by an egg issuing from the mouth of ,,kneph2 from which egg came ,,phtha1 image of the ,supreme ,intelligence as realized in the world1 and the type of that manifested in man2 the principal agent1 also1 of ,nature1 or the creative and productive ,fire4 ,,phre or ,,re1 the ,sun1 or ,celestial ,light1 whose symbol was ,mystic ,symbol3 1 the point within a circle1 was the son of ,,phtha2 and ,,tiphe1 his wife1 or the celestial firmament1 with the seven celestial bodies1 animated by spirits of genii that govern them1 was represented on many of the monuments1 clad in blue or yellow1 her garments sprinkled with stars1 and accompanied by the sun1 moon1 and five planets2 and she was the type of ,wisdom1 and they of the ,seven ,planetary ,spirits of the ,gnostics1 that with her presided over and governed the sublunary world4 ,in this ,degree1 unknown for a hundred years to those who have practised it1 these emblems reproduced refer to these old doctrines4 ,the lamb1 the yellow hangings strewed with stars1 the seven columns1 candlesticks1 and seals all recall them to us4 ,the ,lion was the symbol of ,,athom-,,re1 the ,great ,god of ,upper ,egypt2 the ,hawk1 of ,,ra or ,,phre2 the ,eagle1 of ,,mendes2 the ,bull1 of ,,apis2 and three of these are seen under the platform on which our altar stands4 ,the first ,,hermes was the ,,intelligence or ,,word of ,god4 ,moved with compassion for a race living without law1 and wishing to teach them that they sprang from ,his bosom1 and to point out to them the way that they should go the books which the first ,hermes1 the same with ,enoch1 had written on the mysteries of divine science1 in the sacred characters1 being unknown to those who lived after the flood1 ,god sent to man ,,osiris and ,,isis1 accompanied by ,,thoth1 the incarnation or terrestrial repetition of the first ,,hermes2 who taught men the arts1 science1 and the ceremonies of religion2 and then ascended to ,heaven or the ,moon4 ,,osiris was the ,principle of ,good4 ,,typhon1 like ,,ahriman1 was the principle and source of all that is evil in the moral and physical order4 ,like the ,satan of ,gnosticism1 he was confounded with ,matter4 ,from ,egypt or ,persia the new ,platonists borrowed the idea1 and the ,gnostics received it from them1 that man1 in his terrestrial career1 is successively under the influence of the ,moon1 of ,mercury1 of ,venus1 of the ,sun1 of ,mars1 of ,jupiter1 and of ,saturn1 until he finally reaches the ,elysian ,fields2 an idea again symbolized in the ,seven ,seals4 ,the ,jews of ,syria and ,judea were the direct precursors of ,gnosticism2 and in their doctrines were ample oriental elements4 ,these ,jews had had with the ,orient1 at two different periods1 intimate relations1 familiarizing them with the doctrines of ,asia1 and especially of ,chaldea and ,persia2--their forced residence in ,central ,asia under the ,assyrians and ,persians2 and their voluntary dispersion over the whole ,east1 when subjects of the ,seleucid and the ,romans4 ,living near two-thirds of a century1 and many of them long afterward1 in ,mesopotamia1 the cradle of their race2 speaking the same language1 and their children reared with those of the ,chaldeans1 ,assyrians1 ,medes1 and ,persians1 and receiving from them their names 7as the case of ,danayal1 who was called ,bltasatsar1 proves71 they necessarily adopted many of the doctrines of their conquerors4 ,their descendants1 as ,azra and ,nahamaiah show us1 hardly desired to leave ,persia1 when they were allowed to do so4 ,they had a special jurisdiction1 and governors and judges taken from their own people2 many of them held high office1 and their children were educated with those of the highest nobles4 ,danayal was the friend and minister of the ,king1 and the ,chief of the ,college of the ,magi at ,babylon2 if we may believe the book which bears his name1 and trust to the incidents related in its highly figurative and imaginative style4 ,mordecai1 too1 occupied a high station1 no less than that of ,prime ,minister1 and ,esther or ,astar1 his cousin1 was the ,monarch's wife4 ,the ,magi of ,babylon were expounders of figurative writings1 interpreters of nature1 and of dreams1--astronomers and divines2 and from their influences arose among the ,jews1 after their rescue from captivity1 a number of sects1 and a new exposition1 the mystical interpretation1 with all its wild fancies and infinite caprices4 ,the ,aions of the ,gnostics1 the ,ideas of ,plato1 the ,angels of the ,jews1 and the ,demons of the ,greeks1 all correspond to the ,ferouers of ,zoroaster4 ,a great number of ,jewish families remained permanently in their new country2 and one of the most celebrated of their schools was at ,babylon4 ,they were soon familiarized with the doctrine of ,zoroaster1 which itself was more ancient than ,kuros4 ,from the system of the ,zend-,avesta they borrowed1 and subsequently gave large development to1 everything that could be reconciled with their own faith2 and these additions to the old doctrine were soon spread1 by the constant intercourse of commerce1 into ,syria and ,palestine4 ,in the ,zend-,avesta1 ,god is ,illimitable ,time4 ,no origin can be assigned to ,him3 ,he is so entirely enveloped in ,his glory1 ,his nature and attributes are so inaccessible to human ,intelligence1 that ,he can be only the object of a silent ,veneration4 ,creation took place by emanation from ,him4 ,the first emanation was the primitive ,light1 and from that the ,king of ,light1 ,,ormuzd4 ,by the ,,word1 ,ormuzd created the world pure4 ,he is its preserver and judge2 a ,being ,holy and ,heavenly2 ,intelligence and ,knowledge2 the ,first-born of ,time without limits2 and invested with all the ,powers of the ,supreme ,being4 ,still he is1 strictly speaking1 the ,fourth ,being4 ,he had a ,ferouer1 a pre-existing ,soul in the language of ,plato1 a type or ideal2 and it is said of ,him1 that ,he existed from the beginning1 in the primitive ,light4 ,but1 that ,light being but an element1 and ,his ,ferouer a type1 he is1 in ordinary language1 the ,first-born of ,,zerouane-,,akherene4 ,behold1 again1 ,,the ,,word of ,masonry2 the ,man1 on the ,tracing-,board of this ,degree2 the ,,light toward which all ,masons travel4 ,he created after his own image1 six ,genii called ,amshaspands1 who surround his ,throne1 are his organs of communication with inferior spirits and men1 transmit to ,him their prayers1 solicit for them ,his favors1 and serve them as models of purity and perfection4 ,thus we have the ,demiourgos of ,gnosticism1 and the six ,genii that assist him4 ,these are the ,hebrew ,archangels of the planets4 ,the names of these ,amshaspands are ,bahman1 ,ardibehest1 ,schariver1 ,sapandomad1 ,khordad1 and ,amerdad4 ,the fourth1 the ,holy ,,sapandomad1 created the first man and woman4 ,then ,,ormuzd created #bh ,izeds1 of whom ,,mithras is the chief4 ,they watch1 with ,ormuzd and the ,amshaspands1 over the happiness1 purity1 and preservation of the world1 which is under their government2 and they are also models for mankind and interpreters of men's prayers4 ,with ,mithras and ,ormuzd1 they make a pleroma or complete number of #cj1 corresponding to the thirty ,aions of the ,gnostics1 and to the ogdoade1 dodecade1 and decade of the ,egyptians4 ,mithras was the ,sun-,god1 invoked with1 and soon confounded with him1 becoming the object of a special worship1 and eclipsing ,ormuzd himself4 ,the third order of pure spirits is more numerous4 ,they are the ,ferouers1 the ,,thoughts of ,ormuzd1 or the ,,ideas which he conceived before proceeding to the creation of things4 ,they too are superior to men4 ,they protect them during their life on earth2 they will purify them from evil at their resurrection4 ,they are their tutelary genii1 from the fall to the complete regeneration4 ,,ahriman1 second-born of the ,primitive ,light1 emanated from it1 pure like ,,ormuzd2 but1 proud and ambitious1 yielded to jealousy of the ,first-born4 ,for his hatred and pride1 the ,eternal condemned him to dwell1 for #ab1jjj years1 in that part of space where no ray of light reaches2 the black empire of darkness4 ,in that period the struggle between ,light and ,darkness1 ,good and ,evil1 will be terminated4 ,,ahriman scorned to submit1 and took the field against ,,ormuzd4 ,to the good spirits created by his ,brother1 he opposed an innumerable army of ,evil ,ones4 ,to the seven ,amshaspands he opposed seven ,archdevs1 attached to the seven ,planets2 to the ,izeds and ,ferouers an equal number of ,devs1 which brought upon the world all moral and physical evils4 ,hence ,poverty1 ,maladies1 ,impurity1 ,envy1 ,chagrin1 ,drunkenness1 ,falsehood1 ,calumny1 and their horrible array4 ,the image of ,ahriman was the ,dragon1 confounded by the ,jews with ,satan and the ,serpent-,tempter4 ,after a reign of #cjjj years1 ,ormuzd had created the ,material ,world1 in six periods1 calling successively into existence the ,light1 ,water1 ,earth1 plants1 animals1 and ,man4 ,but ,ahriman concurred in creating the earth and water2 for darkness was already an element1 and ,ormuzd could not exclude its ,master4 ,so also the two concurred in producing ,man4 ,ormuzd produced1 by his ,will and ,word1 a ,being that was the type and source of universal life for everything that exists under ,heaven4 ,he placed in man a pure principle1 or ,life1 proceeding from the ,supreme ,being4 ,but ,ahriman destroyed that pure principle1 in the form wherewith it was clothed2 and when ,ormuzd had made1 of its recovered and purified essence1 the first man and woman1 ,ahriman seduced and tempted them with wine and fruits2 the woman yielding first4 ,often1 during the three latter periods of #cjjj years each1 ,ahriman and ,darkness are1 and are to be1 triumphant4 ,but the pure souls are assisted by the ,good ,spirits2 the ,triumph of ,good is decreed by the ,supreme ,being1 and the period of that triumph will infallibly arrive4 ,when the world shall be most afflicted with the evils poured out upon it by the spirits of perdition1 three ,prophets will come to bring relief to mortals4 ,,sosiosch1 the principal of the ,three1 will regenerate the earth1 and restore to it its primitive beauty1 strength1 and purity4 ,he will judge the good and the wicked4 ,after the universal resurrection of the good1 he will conduct them to a home of everlasting happiness4 ,ahriman1 his evil demons1 and all wicked men1 will also be purified in a torrent of melted metal4 ,the law of ,ormuzd will reign everywhere2 all men will be happy2 all1 enjoying unalterable bliss1 will sing with ,sosiosch the praises of the ,supreme ,being4 ,these doctrines1 the details of which were sparingly borrowed by the ,pharisaic ,jews1 were much more fully adopted by the ,gnostics2 who taught the restoration of all things1 their return to their original pure condition1 the happiness of those to be saved1 and their admission to the feast of ,heavenly ,wisdom4 ,the doctrines of ,zoroaster came originally from ,bactria1 an ,indian ,province of ,persia4 ,naturally1 therefore1 it would include ,hindu or ,buddhist elements1 as it did4 ,the fundamental idea of ,buddhism was1 matter subjugating the intelligence1 and intelligence freeing itself from that slavery4 ,perhaps something came to ,gnosticism from ,china4 ,before the chaos which preceded the birth of ,heaven and ,earth1 says ,lao-,tseu1 a single ,being existed1 immense and silent1 immovable and ever active--the mother of the ,universe4 ,i know not its name3 but ,i designate it by the word ,reason4 ,man has his type and model in the ,earth2 ,earth in ,heaven2 ,heaven in ,reason2 and ,reason in ,itself4 ,here again are the ,ferouers1 the ,ideas1 the ,aions--the ,,reason or ,,intelligence 1 ,,silence 1 ,,word 1 and ,,wisdom of the ,gnostics4 ,the dominant system among the ,jews after their captivity was that of the ,pharoschim or ,pharisees4 ,whether their name was derived from that of the ,parsees1 or followers of ,zoroaster1 or from some other source1 it is certain that they had borrowed much of their doctrine from the ,persians4 ,like them they claimed to have the exclusive and mysterious knowledge1 unknown to the mass4 ,like them they taught that a constant war was waged between the ,empire of ,good and that of ,evil4 ,like them they attributed the sin and fall of man to the demons and their chief2 and like them they admitted a special protection of the righteous by inferior beings1 agents of ,jehovah4 ,all their doctrines on these subjects were at bottom those of the ,holy ,books2 but singularly developed2 and the ,orient was evidently the source from which those developments came4 ,they styled themselves ,interpreters2 a name indicating their claim to the exclusive possession of the true meaning of the ,holy ,writings1 by virtue of the oral tradition which ,moses had received on ,mount ,sinai1 and which successive generations of ,initiates had transmitted1 as they claimed1 unaltered1 unto them4 ,their very costume1 their belief in the influences of the stars1 and in the immortality and transmigration of souls1 their system of angels and their astronomy1 were all foreign4 ,sadduceeism arose merely from an opposition essentially ,jewish1 to these foreign teachings1 and that mixture of doctrines1 adopted by the ,pharisees1 and which constituted the popular creed4 ,we come at last to the ,essenes and ,therapeuts1 with whom this ,degree is particularly concerned4 ,that intermingling of oriental and occidental rites1 of ,persian and ,pythagorean opinions1 which we have pointed out in the doctrines of ,philo1 is unmistakable in the creeds of these two sects4 ,they were less distinguished by metaphysical speculations than by simple meditations and moral practices4 ,but the latter always partook of the ,zoroastrian principle1 that it was necessary to free the soul from the trammels and influences of matter2 which led to a system of abstinence and maceration entirely opposed to the ancient ,hebraic ideas1 favorable as they were to physical pleasures4 ,in general1 the life and manners of these mystical associations1 as ,philo and ,josephus describe them1 and particularly their prayers at sunrise1 seem the image of what the ,zend-,avesta prescribes to the faithful adorer of ,ormuzd2 and some of their observances cannot otherwise be explained4 ,the ,therapeuts resided in ,egypt1 in the neighborhood of ,alexandria2 and the ,essenes in ,palestine1 in the vicinity of the ,dead ,sea4 ,but there was nevertheless a striking coincidence in their ideas1 readily explained by attributing it to a foreign influence4 ,the ,jews of ,egypt1 under the influence of the ,school of ,alexandria1 endeavored in general to make their doctrines harmonize with the traditions of ,greece2 and thence came1 in the doctrines of the ,therapeuts1 as stated by ,philo1 the many analogies between the ,pythagorean and ,orphic ideas1 on one side1 and those of ,judaism on the other3 while the ,jews of ,palestine1 having less communication with ,greece1 or contemning its teachings1 rather imbibed the ,oriental doctrines1 which they drank in at the source and with which their relations with ,persia made them familiar4 ,this attachment was particularly shown in the ,kabalah1 which belonged rather to ,palestine than to ,egypt1 though extensively known in the latter2 and furnished the ,gnostics with some of their most striking theories4 ,it is a significant fact1 that while ,christ spoke often of the ,pharisees and ,sadducees1 ,he never once mentioned the ,essenes1 between whose doctrines and ,his there was so great a resemblance1 and1 in many points1 so perfect an identity4 ,indeed1 they are not named1 nor even distinctly alluded to1 anywhere in the ,new ,testament4 ,john1 the son of a ,priest who ministered in the ,temple at ,jerusalem1 and whose mother was of the family of ,aharun1 was in the deserts until the day of his showing unto ,israel4 ,he drank neither wine nor strong drink4 ,clad in hair-cloth1 and with a girdle of leather1 and feeding upon such food as the desert afforded1 he preached1 in the country about ,jordan1 the baptism of repentance1 for the remission of siri-s2 that is1 the necessity of repentance proven by reformation4 ,he taught the people charity and liberality2 the publicans1 justice1 equity1 and fair dealing2 the soldiery1 peace1 truth1 and contentment2 to do violence to none1 accuse none falsely1 and be content with their pay4 ,he inculcated the necessity of a virtuous life1 and the folly of trusting to their descent from ,abraham4 ,he denounced both ,pharisees and ,sadducees as a generation of vipers1 threatened with the anger of ,god4 ,he baptized those who confessed their sins4 ,he preached in the desert2 and therefore in the country where the ,essenes lived1 professing the same doctrines4 ,he was imprisoned before ,christ began to preach4 ,matthew mentions him without preface or explanation2 as if1 apparently1 his history was too well known to need any4 ,in those days1 he says1 came ,john the ,baptist1 preaching in the wilderness of ,judea4 ,his disciples frequently fasted2 for we find them with the ,pharisees coming to ,jesus to inquire why ,his ,disciples did not fast as often as they2 and ,he did not denounce them1 as ,his habit was to denounce the ,pharisees2 but answered them kindly and gently4 ,from his prison1 ,john sent two of his disciples to inquire of ,christ3 ,art thou he that is to come1 or do we look for another8 ,christ referred them to his miracles as an answer2 and declared to the people that ,john was a prophet1 and more than a prophet1 and that no greater man had ever been born2 but that the humblest ,christian was his superior4 ,he declared him to be ,elias1 who was to come4 ,john had denounced to ,herod his marriage with his brother's wife as unlawful2 and for this he was imprisoned1 and finally executed to gratify her4 ,his disciples buried him2 and ,herod and others thought he had risen from the dead and appeared again in the person of ,christ4 ,the people all regarded ,john as a prophet2 and ,christ silenced the ,priests and ,elders by asking them whether he was inspired4 ,they feared to excite the anger of the people by saying that he was not4 ,christ declared that he came in the way of righteousness2 and that the lower classes believed him1 though the ,priests and ,pharisees did not4 ,thus ,john1 who was often consulted by ,herod1 and to whom that monarch showed great deference1 and was often governed by his advice2 whose doctrine prevailed very extensively among the people and the publicans1 taught some creed older than ,christianity4 ,that is plain3 and it is equally plain1 that the very large body of the ,jews that adopted his doctrines1 were neither ,pharisees nor ,sadducees1 but the humble1 common people4 ,they must1 therefore1 have been ,essenes4 ,it is plain1 too1 that ,christ applied for baptism as a sacred rite1 well known and long practiced4 ,it was becoming to him1 he said1 to fulfill all righteousness4 ,in the #ahth chapter of the ,acts of the ,apostles we read thus3 ,and a certain ,jew1 named ,apollos1 born at ,alexandria1 an eloquent man1 and mighty in the ,scriptures1 came to ,ephesus4 ,this man was instructed in the way of the ,lord1 and1 being fervent in spirit1 he spake and taught diligently the things of the ,lord1 knowing only the baptism of ,john2 and he began to speak boldly in the synagogue2 whom1 when ,aquilla and ,priscilla had heard1 they took him unto them1 and expounded unto him the way of ,god more perfectly4 ,translating this from the symbolic and figurative language into the true ordinary sense of the ,greek text1 it reads thus3 ,and a certain ,jew1 named ,apollos1 an ,alexandrian by birth1 an eloquent man1 and of extensive learning1 came to ,ephesus4 ,he had learned in the mysteries the true doctrine in regard to ,god2 and1 being a zealous enthusiast1 he spoke and taught diligently the truths in regard to the ,deity1 having received no other baptism than that of ,john4 ,he knew nothing in regard to ,christianity2 for he had resided in ,alexandria1 and had just then come to ,ephesus2 being1 probably1 a disciple of ,philo1 and a ,therapeut4 ,that1 in all times1 says ,st4 ,augustine1 is the ,christian religion1 which to know and follow is the most sure and certain health1 called according to that name1 but not according to the thing itself1 of which it is the name2 for the thing itself1 which is now called the ,christian religion1 really was known to the ,ancients1 nor was wanting at any time from the beginning of the human race1 until the time when ,christ came in the flesh2 from whence the true religion1 which had previously existed1 began to be called ,christian2 and this in our days is the ,christian religion1 not as having been wanting in former times1 but as having1 in later times1 received this name4 ,the disciples were first called ,christians1 at ,antioch1 when ,barnabas and ,paul began to preach there4 ,the ,wandering or ,itinerant ,jews or ,exorcists1 who assumed to employ the ,sacred ,name in exorcising evil spirits1 were no doubt ,therapeutae or ,essenes4 ,and it came to pass1 we read in the #aith chapter of the ,acts1 verses #a to #d1 that while ,apollos was at ,corinth1 ,paul1 having passed through the upper parts of ,asia ,minor1 came to ,ephesus2 and finding certain disciples1 he said to them1 ',have ye received the ,holy ,ghost since ye became ,believers8' ,and they said unto him1 ',we have not so much as heard that there is any ,holy ,ghost4' ,and he said to them1 ',in what1 then1 were you baptized8' ,and they said ',in ,john's baptism4' ,then said ,paul1 ',john indeed baptized with the baptism of repentance1 saying to the people that they should believe in ,him who was to come after him1 that is1 in ,jesus ,christ4 ,when they heard this1 they were baptized in the name of the ,lord ,jesus4 ,this faith1 taught by ,john1 and so nearly ,christianity1 could have been nothing but the doctrine of the ,essenes2 and there can be no doubt that ,john belonged to that sect4 ,the place where he preached1 his macerations and frugal diet1 the doctrines he taught1 all prove it conclusively4 ,there was no other sect to which he could have belonged2 certainly none so numerous as his1 except the ,essenes4 ,we find1 from the two letters written by ,paul to the brethren at ,corinth1 that ,city of ,luxury and ,corruption1 that there were contentions among them4 ,rival sects had already1 about the #egth year of our era1 reared their banners there1 as followers1 some of ,paul1 some of ,apollos1 and some of ,cephas4 ,some of them denied the resurrection4 ,paul urged them to adhere to the doctrines taught by himself1 and had sent ,timothy to them to bring them afresh to their recollection4 ,according to ,paul1 ,christ was to come again4 ,he was to put an end to all other ,principalities and ,powers1 and finally to ,death1 and then be ,himself once more merged in ,god2 who should then be all in all4 ,the forms and ceremonies of the ,essenes were symbolical4 ,they had1 according to ,philo the ,jew1 four ,degrees2 the members being divided into two ,orders1 the ,practici and ,therapeutici2 the latter being the contemplative and medical ,brethren2 and the former the active1 practical1 business men4 ,they were ,jews by birth2 and had a greater affection for each other than the members of any other sect4 ,their brotherly love was intense4 ,they fulfilled the ,christian law1 ,love one another4 ,they despised riches4 ,no one was to be found among them1 having more than another4 ,the possessions of one were intermingled with those of the others2 so that they all had but one patrimony1 and were brethren4 ,their piety toward ,god was extraordinary4 ,before sunrise they never spake a word about profane matters2 but put up certain prayers which they had received from their forefathers4 ,at dawn of day1 and before it was light1 their prayers and hymns ascended to ,heaven4 ,they were eminently faithful and true1 and the ,ministers of ,peace4 ,they had mysterious ceremonies1 and initiations into their mysteries2 and the ,candidate promised that he would ever practise fidelity to all men1 and especially to those in authority1 because no one obtains the government without ,god's assistance4 ,whatever they said1 was firmer than an oath2 but they avoided swearing1 and esteemed it worse than perjury4 ,they were simple in their diet and mode of living1 bore torture with fortitude1 and despised death4 ,they cultivated the science of medicine and were very skillful4 ,they deemed it a good omen to dress in white robes4 ,they had their own courts1 and passed righteous judgments4 ,they kept the ,sabbath more rigorously than the ,jews4 ,their chief towns were ,engaddi1 near the ,dead ,sea1 and ,hebron4 ,engaddi was about #cj miles southeast from ,jerusalem1 and ,hebron about #bj miles south of that city4 ,josephus and ,eusebius speak of them as an ancient sect2 and they were no doubt the first among the ,jews to embrace ,christianity3 with whose faith and doctrine their own tenets had so many points of resemblance1 and were indeed in a great measure the same4 ,pliny regarded them as a very ancient people4 ,in their devotions they turned toward the rising sun2 as the ,jews generally did toward the ,temple4 ,but they were no idolaters2 for they observed the law of ,moses with scrupulous fidelity4 ,they held all things in common1 and despised riches1 their wants being supplied by the administration of ,curators or ,stewards4 ,the ,tetractys1 composed of round dots instead of jods1 was revered among them4 ,this being a ,pythagorean symbol1 evidently shows their connection with the school of ,pythagoras2 but their peculiar tenets more resemble those of ,confucius and ,zoroaster2 and probably were adopted while they were prisoners in ,persia2 which explains their turning toward the ,sun in prayer4 ,their demeanor was sober and chaste4 ,they submitted to the superintendence of governors whom they appointed over themselves4 ,the whole of their time was spent in labor1 meditation1 and prayer2 and they were most sedulously attentive to every call of justice and humanity1 and every moral duty4 ,they believed in the unity of ,god4 ,they supposed the souls of men to have fallen1 by a disastrous fate1 from the regions of purity and light1 into the bodies which they occupy2 during their continuance in which they considered them confined as in a prison4 ,therefore they did not believe in the resurrection of the body2 but in that of the soul only4 ,they believed in a future state of rewards and punishments2 and they disregarded the ceremonies or external forms enjoined in the law of ,moses to be observed in the worship of ,god2 holding that the words of that lawgiver were to be understood in a mysterious and recondite sense1 and not according to their literal meaning4 ,they offered no sacrifices1 except at home2 and by meditation they endeavored1 as far as possible1 to isolate the soul from the body1 and carry it back to ,god4 ,eusebius broadly admits that the ancient ,therapeut were ,christians2 and that their ancient writings were our ,gospels and ,epistles4 ,the ,,essenes were of the ,eclectic ,sect of ,philosophers1 and held ,,plato in the highest esteem2 they believed that true philosophy1 the greatest and most salutary gift of ,god to mortals1 was scattered1 in various portions1 through all the different ,sects2 and that it was1 consequently1 the duty of every wise man to gather it from the several quarters where it lay dispersed1 and to employ it1 thus reunited1 in destroying the dominion of impiety and vice4 ,the great festivals of the ,solstices were observed in a distinguished manner by the ,essenes2 as would naturally be supposed1 from the fact that they reverenced the ,sun1 not as a god1 but as a symbol of light and fire2 the fountain of which1 the ,orientals supposed ,god to be4 ,they lived in continence and abstinence1 and had establishments similar to the monasteries of the early ,christians4 ,the writings of the ,essenes were full of mysticism1 parables1 enigmas1 and allegories4 ,they believed in the esoteric and exoteric meanings of the ,scriptures2 and1 as we have already said1 they had a warrant for that in the ,scriptures themselves4 ,they found it in the ,old ,testament1 as the ,gnostics found it in the ,new4 ,the ,christian writers1 and even ,christ himself1 recognized it as a truth1 that all ,scripture had an inner and an outer meaning4 ,thus we find it said as follows1 in one of the ,gospels3 ,unto you it is given to know the mystery of the ,kingdom of ,god2 but unto men that are without1 all these things are done in parables2 that seeing1 they may see and not perceive1 and hearing they may hear and not understand4444 ,and the disciples came and said unto him1 ',why speakest ,thou the truth in parables8'--,he answered and said unto them1 ',because it is given unto you to know the mysteries of the ,kingdom of ,heaven1 but to them it is not given4' ,paul1 in the #dth chapter of his ,epistle to the ,galatians1 speaking of the simplest facts of the ,old ,testament1 asserts that they are an allegory4 ,in the #c;d chapter of the second letter to the ,corinthians1 he declares himself a minister of the ,new ,testament1 appointed by ,god2 ,not of the letter1 but of the spirit2 for the letter killeth4 ,origen and ,st4 ,gregory held that the ,gospels were not to be taken in their literal sense2 and ,athanasius admonishes us that ,should we understand sacred writ according to the letter1 we should fall into the most enormous blasphemies4 ,eusebius said1 ,those who preside over the ,holy ,scriptures1 philosophize over them1 and expound their literal sense by allegory4 ,the sources of our knowledge of the ,kabalistic doctrines1 are the books of ,jezirah and ,sohar1 the former drawn up in the second century1 and the latter a little later2 but containing materials much older than themselves4 ,in their most characteristic elements1 they go back to the time of the exile4 ,in them1 as in the teachings of ,zoroaster1 everything that exists emanated from a source of infinite ,,light4 ,before everything1 existed ,,the ,,ancient ,,of ,,days1 the ,,king ,,of ,,light2 a title often given to the ,creator in the ,zend-,avesta and the code of the ,sabans4 ,with the idea so expressed is connected the pantheism of ,india4 ,,the ,,king ,,of ,,light1 ,,the ,,ancient1 is ,,all ,,that ,,is4 ,he is not only the real cause of all ,existences2 he is ,infinite ,,ainsoph4 ,he is ,,himself3 there is nothing in ,him that ,we can call ,thou4 ,in the ,indian doctrine1 not only is the ,supreme ,being the real cause of all1 but he is the only real ,existence3 all the rest is illusion4 ,in the ,kabalah1 as in the ,persian and ,gnostic doctrines1 ,he is the ,supreme ,being unknown to all1 the ,unknown ,father4 ,the world is his revelation1 and subsists only in ,him4 ,his attributes are reproduced there1 with different modifications1 and in different degrees1 so that the ,universe is ,his ,holy ,splendor3 it is but ,his ,mantle2 but it must be revered in silence4 ,all beings have emanated from the ,supreme ,being3 ,the nearer a being is to ,him1 the more perfect it is2 the more remote in the scale1 the less its purity4 ,a ray of ,light1 shot from the ,deity1 is the cause and principle of all that exists4 ,it is at once ,father and ,mother of ,all1 in the sublimest sense4 ,it penetrates everything2 and without it nothing can exist an instant4 ,from this double ,,force1 designated by the two parts of the word ,i4 ,h4 ,u4 ,h4 emanated the ,,first-,,born of ,god1 the ,universal ,,form1 in which are contained all beings2 the ,persian and ,platonic ,archetype of things1 united with the ,infinite by the primitive ray of ,light4 ,this ,first-,born is the ,creative ,agent1 ,conservator1 and animating ,principle of the ,universe4 ,it is ,,the ,,light ,,of ,,light4 ,it possesses the three ,primitive ,forces of the ,divinity1 ,,light1 ,,spirit1 and ,,life 1 1 and 4 ,as it has received what it gives1 ,light and ,life1 it is equally considered as the generative and conceptive ,principle1 the ,primitive ,man1 ,,adam ,,kadmon4 ,as such1 it has revealed itself in ten emanations or ,sephiroth1 which are not ten different beings1 nor even beings at all2 but sources of life1 vessels of ,omnipotence1 and types of ,creation4 ,they are ,sovereignty or ,will1 ,wisdom1 ,intelligence1 ,benignity1 ,severity1 ,beauty1 ,victory1 ,glory1 ,permanency1 and ,empire4 ,these are attributes of ,god2 and this idea1 that ,god reveals ,himself by ,his attributes1 and that the human mind cannot perceive or discern ,god ,himself1 in his works1 but only his mode of manifesting ,himself1 is a profound ,truth4 ,we know of the ,invisible only what the ,visible reveals4 ,wisdom was called ,,nous and ,,logos and 1 ,,intellect or the ,,word4 ,intelligence1 source of the oil of anointing1 responds to the ,holy ,ghost of the ,christian ,faith4 ,beauty is represented by green and yellow4 ,victory is ,,yahovah-,,tsabaoth1 the column on the right hand1 the column ,jachin3 ,glory is the column ,boaz1 on the left hand4 ,and thus our symbols appear again in the ,kabalah4 ,and again the ,,light1 the object of our labors1 appears as the creative power of ,deity4 ,the circle1 also1 was the special symbol of the first ,sephirah1 ,kether1 or the ,crown4 ,we do not further follow the ,kabalah in its four ,worlds of ,spirits1 ,aziluth1 ,briah1 ,yezirah1 and ,asiah1 or of emanation1 creation1 formation1 and fabrication1 one inferior to and one emerging from the other1 the superior always enveloping the inferior2 its doctrine that1 in all that exists1 there is nothing purely material2 that all comes from ,god1 and in all ,he proceeds by irradiation2 that everything subsists by the ,divine ray that penetrates creation2 and all is united by the ,spirit of ,god1 which is the life of life2 so that all is ,god2 the ,existences that inhabit the four worlds1 inferior to each other in proportion to their distance from the ,great ,king of ,light3 the contest between the good and evil ,angels and ,principles1 to endure until the ,eternal ,himself comes to end it and re-establish the primitive harmony2 the four distinct parts of the ,soul of ,man2 and the migrations of impure souls1 until they are sufficiently purified to share with the ,spirits of ,light the contemplation of the ,supreme ,being whose ,splendor fills the ,universe4 ,the ,,word was also found in the ,phnician ,creed4 ,as in all those of ,asia1 a ,,word of ,god1 written in starry characters1 by the planetary ,divinities1 and communicated by the ,demi-,gods1 as a profound mystery1 to the higher classes of the human race1 to be communicated by them to mankind1 created the world4 ,the faith of the ,phnicians was an emanation from that ancient worship of the ,stars1 which in the creed of ,zoroaster alone1 is connected with a faith in one ,god4 ,light and ,fire are the most important agents in the ,phoenician faith4 ,there is a race of children of the ,light4 ,they adored the ,heaven with its ,lights1 deeming it the ,supreme ,god4 ,everything emanates from a ,single ,principle1 and a ,primitive ,love1 which is the ,moving ,power of ,all and governs all4 ,light1 by its union with ,spirit1 whereof it is but the vehicle or symbol1 is the ,life of everything1 and penetrates everything4 ,it should therefore be respected and honored everywhere2 for everywhere it governs and controls4 ,the ,chaldaic and ,jerusalem ,paraphrasts endeavored to render the phrase1 ,,debar-,,yahovah 1 the ,word of ,god1 a personalty1 wherever they met with it4 ,the phrase1 ,and ,god created man1 is1 in the ,jerusalem ,targum1 ,and the ,word of ,,ihuh created man4 ,so1 in xxviii4 ,gen4 #bj1ba1 where ,jacob says3 ,if ,god ,,ihih ,,alhim will be with me444 then shall ,,ihuh be my ,,alhim ,hebrew 2 ,,uhih ,,ihuh ,li ,,lalhim2 and this stone shall be ,god's ,house ,hebrew44 ,,ihih ,,bith ,,alhim3 ,onkelos paraphrases it1 ,if the word of ,,ihuh will be my help 444 then the word of ,,ihuh shall be my ,god4 ,so1 in iii4 ,gen4 #h1 for ,the ,voice of the ,lord ,god ,hebrew1 ,,ihuh ,,alhim1 we have1 ,the ,voice of the ,word of ,,ihuh4 ,in ix4 ,wisdom1 #a1 ,o ,god of my ,fathers and ,lord of ,mercy6 who has made all things with thy word44 ,greek3 4 ,and in xviii4 ,wisdom1 #ae1 ,thine ,almighty ,word ,greek3 leaped down from ,heaven4 ,philo speaks of the ,word as being the same with ,god4 ,so in several places he calls it ,greek3 1 the ,second ,divinity2 ,greek3 1 the ,image of ,god3 the ,divine ,word that made all things3 the ,greek3 1 substitute1 of ,god2 and the like4 ,thus1 when ,john commenced to preach1 had been for ages agitated1 by the ,priests and ,philosophers of the ,east and ,west1 the great questions concerning the eternity or creation of matter3 immediate or intermediate creation of the ,universe by the ,supreme ,god2 the origin1 object1 and filial extinction of evil2 the relations between the intellectual and material worlds1 and between ,god and man2 and the creation1 fall1 redemption1 and restoration to his first estate1 of man4 ,the ,jewish doctrine1 differing in this from all the other ,oriental creeds1 and even from the ,alohayistic legend with which the book of ,genesis commences1 attributed the creation to the immediate action of the ,supreme ,being4 ,the ,theosophists of the other ,eastern ,peoples interposed more than one intermediary between ,god and the world4 ,to place between them but a single ,being1 to suppose for the production of the world but a single intermediary1 was1 in their eyes1 to lower the ,supreme ,majesty4 ,the interval between ,god1 who is perfect ,purity1 and matter1 which is base and foul1 was too great for them to clear it at a single step4 ,even in the ,occident1 neither ,plato nor ,philo could thus impoverish the ,intellectual ,world4 ,thus1 ,cerinthus of ,ephesus1 with most of the ,gnostics1 ,philo1 the ,kabalah1 the ,zend-,avesta1 the ,puranas1 and all the ,orient1 deemed the distance and antipathy between the ,supreme ,being and the material world too great1 to attribute to the former the ,creation of the latter4 ,below1 and emanating from1 or created by1 the ,ancient of ,days1 the ,central ,light1 the ,beginning1 or ,first ,principle ,greek3 1 one1 two1 or more ,principles1 ,existences or ,intellectual ,beings were imagined1 to some one or more of whom without any immediate creative act on the part of the ,great ,immovable1 ,silent ,deity1 the immediate creation of the material and mental universe was due4 ,we have already spoken of many of the speculations on this point4 ,to some1 the world was created by the ,,logos or ,,word1 first manifestation of1 or emanation from1 the ,deity4 ,to others1 the beginning of creation was by the emanation of a ray of ,,light1 creating the principle of ,light and ,life4 ,the ,primitive ,,thought1 creating the inferior ,deities1 a succession of ,,intelligences1 the ,iynges of ,zoroaster1 his ,amshaspands1 ,izeds1 and ,ferouers1 the ,ideas of ,plato1 the ,aions of the ,gnostics1 the ,angels of the ,jews1 the ,nous1 the ,demiourgos1 the ,,divine ,,reason1 the ,powers or ,forces of ,philo1 and the ,alohayim1 ,forces or ,superior ,gods of the ancient legend with which ,genesis begins1--to these and other intermediaries the creation was owing4 ,no restraints were laid on the ,fancy and the ,imagination4 ,the veriest ,abstractions became ,existences and ,realities4 ,the attributes of ,god1 personified1 became ,powers1 ,spirits1 ,intelligences4 ,god was the ,light of ,light1 ,divine ,fire1 the ,abstract ,intellectuality1 the ,root or ,germ of the ,universe4 ,simon ,magus1 founder of the ,gnostic faith1 and many of the early ,judaizing ,christians1 admitted that the manifestations of the ,supreme ,being1 as ,,father1 or ,,jehovah1 ,,son or ,,christ1 and ,,holy ,,spirit1 were only so many different modes of ,existence1 or ,forces ,greek3 of the same ,god4 ,to others they were1 as were the multitude of ,subordinate ,intelligences1 real and distinct beings4 ,the ,oriental imagination revelled in the creation of these ,inferior ,intelligences1 ,powers of ,good and ,evil1 and ,angels4 ,we have spoken of those imagined by the ,persians and the ,kabalists4 ,in the ,talmud1 every star1 every country1 every town1 and almost every tongue has a ,prince of ,heaven as its ,protector4 ,,jehuel is the guardian of fire1 and ,,michael1 of water4 ,seven spirits assist each2 those of fire being ,seraphiel1 ,gabriel1 ,nitriel1 ,tammael1 ,tchimschiel1 ,hadarniel1 and ,sarniel4 ,these seven are represented by the square columns of this ,degree1 while the columns ,,jachin and ,,boaz represent the angels of fire and water4 ,but the columns are not representatives of these alone4 ,to ,basilides1 ,god was without name1 uncreated1 at first containing and concealing in ,himself the ,plenitude of ,his ,perfections2 and when these are by ,him displayed and manifested1 there result as many particular ,existences1 all analogous to ,him1 and still and always ,him4 ,to the ,essenes and the ,gnostics1 the ,east and the ,west both devised this faith2 that the ,ideas1 ,conceptions1 or ,manifestations of the ,deity were so many ,creations1 so many ,beings1 all ,god1 nothing without ,him1 but more than what we now understand by the word ideas4 ,they emanated from and were again merged in ,god4 ,they had a kind of middle existence between our modern ideas1 and the intelligences or ideas1 elevated to the rank of genii1 of the ,oriental mythology4 ,these personified attributes of ,deity1 in the theory of ,basilides1 were the ,greek3 or ,first-born1 ,greek3 ,nous or ,mind3 from it emanates ,greek3 ,logos1 or ,,the ,,word from it ,greek3 3 ,phronesis1 ,intellect3 from it ,greek3 ,sophia1 ,wisdom3 from it ,greek3 ,dunamis1 ,power3 and from it ,greek3 ,dikaiosune1 ,righteousness3 to which latter the ,jews gave the name of ,greek3 ,eirene1 ,peace1 or ,calm1 the essential characteristics of ,divinity1 and harmonious effect of all ,his perfections4 ,the whole number of successive emanations was #cfe1 expressed by the ,gnostics1 in ,greek letters1 by the mystic word ,greek3 ,abraxas2 designating ,god as manifested1 or the aggregate of his manifestations2 but not the ,supreme and ,secret ,god ,himself4 ,these three hundred and sixty-five ,intelligences compose altogether the ,fullness or ,plenitude ,greek3 of the ,divine ,emanations4 ,with the ,ophites1 a sect of the ,gnostics1 there were seven inferior spirits inferior to ,ialdabaoth1 the ,demiourgos or ,actual ,creator3 ,michal1 ,suril1 ,raphal1 ,gabriel1 ,thauthabaoth1 ,erataoth1 and ,athaniel1 the genii of the stars called the ,bull1 the ,dog1 the ,lion1 the ,bear1 the ,serpent1 the ,eagle1 and the ,ass that formerly figured in the constellation ,cancer1 and symbolized respectively by those animals2 as ,ialdabaoth1 ,iao1 ,adona1 ,elo1 ,ora1 and ,astapha were the genii of ,saturn1 the ,moon1 the ,sun1 ,jupiter1 ,venus1 and ,mercury4 ,the ,,word appears in all these creeds4 ,it is the ,ormuzd of ,zoroaster1 the ,ainsoph of the ,kabalah1 the ,nous of ,platonism and ,philonism1 and the ,sophia or ,demiourgos of the ,gnostics4 ,and all these creeds1 while admitting these different manifestations of the ,supreme ,being1 held that ,his identity was immutable and permanent4 ,that was ,plato's distinction between the ,being always the same ,greek3 and the perpetual flow of things incessantly changing1 the ,genesis4 ,the belief in dualism in some shape1 was universal4 ,those who held that everything emanated from ,god1 aspired to ,god1 and re-entered into ,god1 believed that1 among those emanations were two adverse ,principles1 of ,light and ,darkness1 ,good and ,evil4 ,this prevailed in ,central ,asia and in ,syria2 while in ,egypt it assumed the form of ,greek speculation4 ,in the former1 a second ,intellectual ,principle was admitted1 active in its ,empire of ,darkness1 audacious against the ,empire of ,light4 ,so the ,persians and ,sabeans understood it4 ,in ,egypt1 this second ,principle was ,matter1 as the word was used by the ,platonic ,school1 with its sad attributes1 ,vacuity1 ,darkness1 and ,death4 ,in their theory1 matter could be animated only by the low communication of a principle of divine life4 ,it resists the influences that would spiritualize it4 ,that resisting ,power is ,satan1 the rebellious ,matter1 ,matter that does not partake of ,god4 ,to many there were two ,principles2 the ,unknown ,father1 or ,supreme and ,eternal ,god1 living in the centre of the ,light1 happy in the perfect purity of ,his being2 the other1 eternal ,matter1 that inert1 shapeless1 darksome mass1 which they considered as the source of all evils1 the mother and dwelling-place of ,satan4 ,to ,philo and the ,platonists1 there was a ,soul of the world1 creating visible things1 and active in them1 as agent of the ,supreme ,intelligence2 realizing therein the ideas communicated to ,him by that ,intelligence1 and which sometimes excel ,his conceptions1 but which ,he executes without comprehending them4 ,the ,apocalypse or ,revelations1 by whomever written1 belongs to the ,orient and to extreme antiquity4 ,it reproduces what is far older than itself4 ,it paints1 with the strongest colors that the ,oriental genius ever employed1 the closing scenes of the great struggle of ,light1 and ,truth1 and ,good1 against ,darkness1 ,error1 and ,evil2 personified in that between the ,new ,religion on one side1 and ,paganism and ,judaism on the other4 ,it is a particular application of the ancient myth of ,ormuzd and his ,genii against ,ahriman and his ,devs2 and it celebrates the final triumph of ,truth against the combined powers of men and demons4 ,the ideas and imagery are borrowed from every quarter2 and allusions are found in it to the doctrines of all ages4 ,we are continually reminded of the ,zend-,avesta1 the ,jewish ,codes1 ,philo1 and the ,gnosis4 ,the ,seven ,spirits surrounding the ,throne of the ,eternal1 at the opening of the ,grand ,drama1 and acting so important a part throughout1 everywhere the first instruments of the ,divine ,will and ,vengeance1 are the ,seven ,amshaspands of ,parsism2 as the ,twenty-four ,ancients1 offering to the ,supreme ,being the first supplications and the first homage1 remind us of the ,mysterious ,chiefs of ,judaism1 foreshadow the ,eons of ,gnosticism1 and reproduce the twenty-four ,good ,spirits created by ,ormuzd and inclosed in an egg4 ,the ,christ of the ,apocalypse1 ,first-born of ,creation and of the ,resurrection1 is invested with the characteristics of the ,ormuzd and ,sosiosch of the ,zend-,avesta1 the ,ainsoph of the ,kabalah and the ,carpistes ,greek3 of the ,gnostics4 ,the idea that the true ,initiates and ,faithful become ,kings and ,priests1 is at once ,persian1 ,jewish1 ,christian1 and ,gnostic4 ,and the definition of the ,supreme ,being1 that ,he is at once ,alpha and ,omega1 the beginning and the end--,he that was1 and is1 and is to come1 i4e41 ,time illimitable1 is ,zoroaster's definition of ,zerouane-,akherene4 ,the depths of ,satan which no man can measure2 his triumph for a time by fraud and violence2 his being chained by an angel2 his reprobation and his precipitation into a sea of metal2 his names of the ,serpent and the ,dragon2 the whole conflict of the ,good ,spirits or celestial armies against the bad2 are so many ideas and designations found alike in the ,zend-,avesta1 the ,kabalah1 and the ,gnosis4 ,we even find in the ,apocalypse that singular ,persian idea1 which regards some of the lower animals as so many ,devs or vehicles of ,devs4 ,the guardianship of the earth by a good angel1 the renewing of the earth and heavens1 and the final triumph of pure and holy men1 are the same victory of ,good over ,evil1 for which the whole ,orient looked4 ,the gold1 and white raiments of the twenty-four ,elders are1 as in the ,persian faith1 the signs of a lofty perfection and divine purity4 ,thus the ,human mind labored and struggled and tortured itself for ages1 to explain to itself what it felt1 without confessing it1 to be explicable4 ,a vast crowd of indistinct abstractions1 hovering in the imagination1 a train of words embodying no tangible meaning1 an inextricable labyrinth of subtleties1 was the result4 ,but one grand idea ever emerged and stood prominent and unchangeable over the weltering chaos of confusion4 ,god is great and good1 and wise4 ,evil and pain and sorrow are temporary and for wise and beneficent purposes4 ,they must be consistent with ,god's goodness1 purity1 and infinite perfection2 and there must be a mode of explaining them1 if we could but find it out2 as1 in all ways we will endeavor to do4 ,ultimately1 ,good will prevail1 and ,evil be overthrown4 ,god alone can do this1 and ,he will do it1 by an ,emanation from ,himself1 assuming the ,human form and redeeming the world4 ,behold the object1 the end1 the result1 of the great speculations and logomachies of antiquity2 the ultimate annihilation of evil1 and restoration of ,man to his first estate1 by a ,redeemer1 a ,masayah1 a ,christos1 the incarnate ,word1 ,reason1 or ,power of ,deity4 ,this ,redeemer is the ,word or ,logos1 the ,ormuzd of ,zoroaster1 the ,ainsoph of the ,kabalah1 the ,nous of ,platonism and ,philonism2 ,he that was in the ,beginning with ,god1 and was ,god1 and by ,whom everything was made4 ,that ,he was looked for by all the ,people of the ,east is abundantly shown by the ,gospel of ,john and the ,letters of ,paul2 wherein scarcely anything seemed necessary to be said in proof that such a ,redeemer was to come2 but all the energies of the writers are devoted to showing that ,jesus was that ,christos whom all the nations were expecting2 the ,word1 the ,masayah1 the ,anointed or ,consecrated ,one4 ,in this ,degree the great contest between good and evil1 in anticipation of the appearance and advent of the ,word or ,redeemer is symbolized2 and the mysterious esoteric teachings of the ,essenes and the ,cabalists4 ,of the practices of the former we gain but glimpses in the ancient writers2 but we know that1 as their doctrines were taught by ,john the ,baptist1 they greatly resembled those of greater purity and more nearly perfect1 taught by ,jesus2 and that not only ,palestine was full of ,john's disciples1 so that the ,priests and ,pharisees did not dare to deny ,john's inspiration2 but his doctrine had extended to ,asia ,minor1 and had made converts in luxurious ,ephesus1 as it also had in ,alexandria in ,egypt2 and that they readily embraced the ,christian faith1 of which they had before not even heard4 ,these old controversies have died away1 and the old faiths have faded into oblivion4 ,but ,masonry still survives1 vigorous and strong1 as when philosophy was taught in the schools of ,alexandria and under the ,portico2 teaching the same old truths as the ,essenes taught by the shores of the ,dead ,sea1 and as ,john the ,baptist preached in the ,desert2 truths imperishable as the ,deity1 and undeniable as ,light4 ,those truths were gathered by the ,essenes from the doctrines of the ,orient and the ,occident1 from the ,zend-,avesta and the ,vedas1 from ,plato and ,pythagoras1 from ,india1 ,persia1 ,phnicia1 and ,syria1 from ,greece and ,egypt1 and from the ,holy ,books of the ,jews4 ,hence we are called ,knights of the ,east and ,west1 because their doctrines came from both4 ,and these doctrines1 the wheat sifted from the chaff1 the ,truth separated from ,error1 ,masonry has garnered up in her heart of hearts1 and through the fires of persecution1 and the storms of calamity1 has brought them and delivered them unto us4 ,that ,god is ,one1 immutable1 unchangeable1 infinitely just and good2 that ,light will finally overcome ,darkness1--,good conquer ,evil1 and ,truth be victor over ,error2--these1 rejecting all the wild and useless speculations of the ,zend-,avesta1 the ,kabalah1 the ,gnostics1 and the ,schools1 are the religion and ,philosophy of ,masonry4 ,those speculations and fancies it is useful to study2 that knowing in what worthless and unfruitful investigations the mind may engage1 you may the more value and appreciate the plain1 simple1 sublime1 universally-acknowledged truths1 which have in all ages been the ,light by which ,masons have been guided on their way2 the ,wisdom and ,strength that like imperishable columns have sustained and will continue to sustain its glorious and magnificent ,temple4 ,illustration ,illustration ,,xviii4 ,,knight ,,rose ,,croix4 ,prince ,rose ,croix4 ,each of us makes such applications to his own faith and creed1 of the symbols and ceremonies of this ,degree1 as seems to him proper4 ,with these special interpretations we have here nothing to do4 ,like the legend of the ,master ,khrm1 in which some see figured the condemnation and sufferings of ,christ2 others those of the unfortunate ,grand ,master of the ,templars2 others those of the first ,charles1 ,king of ,england2 and others still the annual descent of the ,sun at the winter ,solstice to the regions of darkness1 the basis of many an ancient legend2 so the ceremonies of this ,degree receive different explanations2 each interpreting them for himself1 and being offended at the interpretation of no other4 ,in no other way could ,masonry possess its character of ,universality2 that character which has ever been peculiar to it from its origin2 and which enables two ,kings1 worshippers of different ,deities1 to sit together as ,masters1 while the walls of the first temple arose2 and the men of ,gebal1 bowing down to the ,phnician ,gods1 to work by the side of the ,hebrews to whom those ,gods were abomination2 and to sit with them in the same ,lodge as brethren4 ,you have already learned that these ceremonies have one general significance1 to every one1 of every faith1 who believes in ,god1 and the soul's immortality4 ,the primitive men met in no ,temples made with human hands4 ,god1 said ,stephen1 the first ,martyr1 dwelleth not in ,temples made with hands4 ,in the open air1 under the overarching mysterious sky1 in the great ,world-,temple1 they uttered their vows and thanksgivings1 and adored the ,god of ,light2 of that ,light that was to them the type of ,good1 as darkness was the type of ,evil4 ,all antiquity solved the enigma of the existence of ,evil1 by supposing the existence of a ,principle of ,evil1 of ,demons1 fallen ,angels1 an ,ahriman1 a ,typhon1 a ,siva1 a ,lok1 or a ,satan1 that1 first falling themselves1 and plunged in misery and darkness1 tempted man to his fall1 and brought sin into the world4 ,all believed in a future life1 to be attained by purification and trials2 in a state or successive states of reward and punishment2 and in a ,mediator or ,redeemer1 by whom the ,evil ,principle was to be overcome1 and the ,supreme ,deity reconciled to ,his creatures4 ,the belief was general1 that ,he was to be born of a ,virgin1 and suffer a painful death4 ,the ,indians called him ,chrishna2 the ,chinese1 ,kioun-tse2 the ,persians1 ,sosiosch2 the ,chaldeans1 ,dhou-vanai2 the ,egyptians1 ,har-,oeri2 ,plato1 ,love2 and the ,scandinavians1 ,balder4 ,chrishna1 the ,hindoo ,redeemer1 was cradled and educated among ,shepherds4 ,a ,tyrant1 at the time of his birth1 ordered all the male children to be slain4 ,he performed miracles1 say his legends1 even raising the dead4 ,he washed the feet of the ,brahmins1 and was meek and lowly of spirit4 ,he was born of a ,virgin2 descended to ,hell1 rose again1 ascended to ,heaven1 charged his disciples to teach his doctrines1 and gave them the gift of miracles4 ,the first ,masonic ,legislator whose memory is preserved to us by history1 was ,buddha1 who1 about a thousand years before the ,christian era1 reformed the religion of ,manous4 ,he called to the ,priesthood all men1 without distinction of caste1 who felt themselves inspired by ,god to instruct men4 ,those who so associated themselves formed a ,society of ,prophets under the name of ,samaneans4 ,they recognized the existence of a single uncreated ,god1 in whose bosom everything grows1 is developed and transformed4 ,the worship of this ,god reposed upon the obedience of all the beings ,he created4 ,his feasts were those of the ,solstices4 ,the doctrines of ,buddha pervaded ,india1 ,china1 and ,japan4 ,the ,priests of ,brahma1 professing a dark and bloody creed1 brutalized by ,superstition1 united together against ,buddhism1 and with the aid of ,despotism1 exterminated its followers4 ,but their blood fertilized the new doctrine1 which produced a new ,society under the name of ,gymnosophists2 and a large number1 fleeing to ,ireland1 planted their doctrines there1 and there erected the round towers1 some of which still stand1 solid and unshaken as at first visible monuments of the remotest ages4 ,the ,phnician ,cosmogony1 like all others in ,asia1 was the ,word of ,god1 written in astral characters1 by the planetary ,divinities1 and communicated by the ,demi-gods1 as a profound mystery1 to the brighter intelligences of ,humanity1 to be propagated by them among men4 ,their doctrines resembled the ,ancient ,sabeism1 and being the faith of ,hiram the ,king and his namesake the ,artist1 are of interest to all ,masons4 ,with them1 the ,first ,principle was half material1 half spiritual1 a dark air1 animated and impregnated by the spirit2 and a disordered chaos1 covered with thick darkness4 ,from this came the ,,word1 and thence creation and generation2 and thence a race of men1 children of light1 who adored ,heaven and its ,stars as the ,supreme ,being2 and whose different gods were but incarnations of the ,sun1 the ,moon1 the ,stars1 and the ,ether4 ,chrysor was the great igneous power of ,nature1 and ,baal and ,malakarth representations of the ,sun and ,moon1 the latter word1 in ,hebrew1 meaning ,queen4 ,man had fallen1 but not by the tempting of the serpent4 ,for1 with the ,phnicians1 the serpent was deemed to partake of the ,divine ,nature1 and was sacred1 as he was in ,egypt4 ,he was deemed to be immortal1 unless slain by violence1 becoming young again in his old age1 by entering into and consuming himself4 ,hence the ,serpent in a circle1 holding his tail in his mouth1 was an emblem of eternity4 ,with the head of a hawk he was of a ,divine ,nature1 and a symbol of the sun4 ,hence one ,sect of the ,gnostics took him for their good genius1 and hence the brazen serpent reared by ,moses in the ,desert1 on which the ,israelites looked and lived4 ,before the chaos1 that preceded the birth of ,heaven and ,earth1 said the ,chinese ,lao-,tseu1 a single ,being existed1 immense and silent1 immutable and always acting2 the mother of the ,universe4 ,i know not the name of that ,being1 but ,i designate it by the word ,reason4 ,man has his model in the earth1 the earth in ,heaven1 ,heaven in ,reason1 and ,reason in itself4 ,i am1 says ,isis1 ,nature2 parent of all things1 the sovereign of the ,elements1 the primitive progeny of ,time1 the most exalted of the ,deities1 the first of the ,heavenly ,gods and ,goddesses1 the ,queen of the ,shades1 the uniform countenance2 who dispose with my rod the numerous lights of ,heaven1 the salubrious breezes of the sea1 and the mournful silence of the dead2 whose single ,divinity the whole world venerates in many forms1 with various rites and by many names4 ,the ,egyptians1 skilled in ancient lore1 worship me with proper ceremonies1 and call me by my true name1 ,isis the ,queen4 ,the ,hindu ,vedas thus define the ,deity3 ,he who surpasses speech1 and through whose power speech is expressed1 know thou that ,he is ,brahma2 and not these perishable things that man adores4 ,he whom ,intelligence cannot comprehend1 and ,he alone1 say the sages1 through whose ,power the nature of ,intelligence can be understood1 know thou that ,he is ,brahma2 and not these perishable things that man adores4 ,he who cannot be seen by the organ of sight1 and through whose power the organ of seeing sees1 know thou that ,he is ,brahma2 and not these perishable things that man adores4 ,he who cannot be heard by the organ of hearing1 and through whose power the organ of hearing hears1 know thou that ,he is ,brahma2 and not these perishable things that man adores4 ,he who cannot be perceived by the organ of smelling1 and through whose power the organ of smelling smells1 know thou that ,he is ,brahma2 and not these perishable things that man adores4 ,when ,god resolved to create the human race1 said ,arius1 ,he made a ,being that ,he called ,the ,,word1 ,the ,son1 ,wisdom1 to the end that this ,being might give existence to men4 ,this ,,word is the ,ormuzd of ,zoroaster1 the ,ainsoph of the ,kabalah1 the ,greek3 of ,plato and ,philo1 the ,wisdom or ,demiourgos of the ,gnostics4 ,that is the ,true ,word1 the knowledge of which our ancient brethren sought as the priceless reward of their labors on the ,holy ,temple3 the ,word of ,life1 the ,divine ,reason1 in whom was ,life1 and that ,life the ,light of men2 which long shone in darkness1 and the darkness comprehended it not2 the ,infinite ,reason that is the ,soul of ,nature1 immortal1 of which the ,word of this ,degree reminds us2 and to believe wherein and revere it1 is the peculiar duty of every ,mason4 ,in the beginning1 says the extract from some older work with which ,john commences his ,gospel1 was the ,word1 and the ,word was near to ,god1 and the ,word was ,god4 ,all things were made by ,him1 and without ,him was not anything made that was made4 ,in ,him was ,life1 and the life was the ,light of man2 and the light shineth in darkness1 and the darkness did not contain it4 ,it is an old tradition that this passage was from an older work4 ,and ,philostorgius and ,nicephorus state1 that when the ,emperor ,julian undertook to rebuild the ,temple1 a stone was taken up1 that covered the mouth of a deep square cave1 into which one of the laborers1 being let down by a rope1 found in the centre of the floor a cubical pillar1 on which lay a roll or book1 wrapped in a fine linen cloth1 in which1 in capital letters1 was the foregoing passage4 ,however this may have been1 it is plain that ,john's ,gospel is a polemic against the ,gnostics2 and1 stating at the outset the current doctrine in regard to the creation by the ,word1 he then addresses himself to show and urge that this ,word was ,jesus ,christ4 ,and the first sentence1 fully rendered into our language1 would read thus3 ,when the process of emanation1 of creation or evolution of existences inferior to the ,supreme ,god began1 the ,word came into existence and was3 and this word was ,greek3 near to ,god2 i4e4 the immediate or first emanation from ,god3 and it was ,god ,himself1 developed or manifested in that particular mode1 and in action4 ,and by that ,word everything that is was created4--,and thus ,tertullian says that ,god made the ,world out of nothing1 by means of ,his ,word1 ,wisdom1 or ,power4 ,to ,philo the ,jew1 as to the ,gnostics1 the ,supreme ,being was the ,primitive ,light1 or ,archetype of ,light1--,source whence the rays emanate that illuminate ,souls4 ,he is the ,soul of the ,world1 and as such acts everywhere4 ,he himself fills and bounds his whole existence1 and his forces fill and penetrate everything4 ,his ,image is the ,,word ,,logos1 a form more brilliant than fire1 which is not pure light4 ,this ,,word dwells in ,god2 for it is within ,his ,intelligence that the ,supreme ,being frames for ,himself the ,types of ,ideas of all that is to assume reality in the ,universe4 ,the ,,word is the ,vehicle by which ,god acts on the ,universe2 the ,world of ,ideas by means whereof ,god has created visible things2 the more ,ancient ,god1 as compared with the ,material ,world2 ,chief and ,general ,representative of all ,intelligences2 the ,archangel1 type and representative of all spirits1 even those of ,mortals2 the type of ,man2 the primitive man himself4 ,these ideas are borrowed from ,plato4 ,and this ,,word is not only the ,creator by ,him was everything made that was made1 but acts in the place of ,god2 and through him act all the ,powers and ,attributes of ,god4 ,and also1 as first representative of the human race1 he is the protector of ,men and their ,shepherd1 the ,ben ,h',adam1 or ,son of ,man4 ,the actual condition of ,man is not his primitive condition1 that in which he was the image of the ,word4 ,his unruly passions have caused him to fall from his original lofty estate4 ,but he may rise again1 by following the teachings of ,heavenly ,wisdom1 and the ,angels whom ,god commissions to aid him in escaping from the entanglements of the body2 and by fighting bravely against ,evil1 the existence of which ,god has allowed solely to furnish him with the means of exercising his free will4 ,the ,supreme ,being of the ,egyptians was ,amn1 a secret and concealed ,god1 the ,unknown ,father of the ,gnostics1 the ,source of ,divine ,life1 and of all force1 the ,plenitude of all1 comprehending all things in ,himself1 the original ,light4 ,he creates nothing2 but everything emanates from ,him3 and all other ,gods are but his manifestations4 ,from ,him1 by the utterance of a ,word1 emanated ,neith1 the ,divine ,mother of all things1 the ,primitive ,,thought1 the ,,force that puts everything in movement1 the ,,spirit everywhere extended1 the ,deity of ,light and ,mother of the ,sun4 ,of this ,supreme ,being1 ,osiris was the image1 ,source of all ,good in the moral and physical world1 and constant foe of ,typhon1 the ,genius of ,evil1 the ,satan of ,gnosticism1 brute matter1 deemed to be always at feud with the spirit that flowed from the ,deity2 and over whom ,har-,oeri1 the ,redeemer1 ,son of ,isis and ,osiris1 is finally to prevail4 ,in the ,zend-,avesta of the ,persians the ,supreme ,being is ,time without limit1 ,,zeruane ,,akherene4--,no origin could be assigned to ,him2 for ,he was enveloped in ,his own ,glory1 and ,his ,nature and ,attributes were so inaccessible to human ,intelligence1 that ,he was but the object of a silent veneration4 ,the commencement of ,creation was by emanation from ,him4 ,the first emanation was the ,primitive ,light1 and from this ,light emerged ,ormuzd1 the ,king of ,light1 who1 by the ,,word1 created the ,world in its purity1 is its ,preserver and ,judge1 a ,holy and ,sacred ,being1 ,intelligence and ,knowledge1 ,himself ,time without limit1 and wielding all the powers of the ,supreme ,being4 ,in this ,persian faith1 as taught many centuries before our era1 and embodied in the ,zend-,avesta1 there was in man a pure ,principle1 proceeding from the ,supreme ,being1 produced by the ,will and ,word of ,ormuzd4 ,to that was united an impure principle1 proceeding from a foreign influence1 that of ,ahriman1 the ,dragon1 or principle of ,evil4 ,tempted by ,ahriman1 the first man and woman had fallen2 and for twelve thousand years there was to be war between ,ormuzd and the ,good ,spirits created by him1 and ,ahriman and the ,evil ones whom he had called into existence4 ,but pure souls are assisted by the ,good ,spirits1 the ,triumph of the ,good ,principle is determined upon in the decrees of the ,supreme ,being1 and the period of that triumph will infallibly arrive4 ,at the moment when the earth shall be most afflicted with the evils brought upon it by the ,spirits of perdition1 three ,prophets will appear to bring assistance to mortals4 ,sosiosch1 ,chief of the ,three1 will regenerate the world1 and restore to it its primitive ,beauty1 ,strength1 and ,purity4 ,he will judge the good and the wicked4 ,after the universal resurrection of the ,good1 the pure ,spirits will conduct them to an abode of eternal happiness4 ,ahriman1 his evil ,demons1 and all the world1 will be purified in a torrent of liquid burning metal4 ,the ,law of ,ormuzd will rule everywhere2 all men will be happy2 all1 enjoying an unalterable bliss1 will unite with ,sosiosch in singing the praises of the ,supreme ,being4 ,these doctrines1 with some modifications1 were adopted by the ,kabalists and afterward by the ,gnostics4 ,apollonius of ,tyana says3 ,we shall render the most appropriate worship to the ,deity1 when to that ,god whom we call the ,first1 who is ,one1 and separate from all1 and after whom we recognize the others1 we present no offerings whatever1 kindle to ,him no fire1 dedicate to ,him no sensible thing2 for he needs nothing1 even of all that natures more exalted than ours could give4 ,the earth produces no plant1 the air nourishes no animal1 there is in short nothing1 which would not be impure in his sight4 ,in addressing ourselves to ,him1 we must use only the higher word1 that1 ,i mean1 which is not expressed by the mouth1--the silent inner word of the spirit4444 ,from the most ,glorious of all ,beings1 we must seek for blessings1 by that which is most glorious in ourselves2 and that is the spirit1 which needs no organ4 ,strabo says3 ,this one ,supreme ,essence is that which embraces us all1 the water and the land1 that which we call the ,heavens1 the ,world1 the ,nature of things4 ,this ,highest ,being should be worshipped1 without any visible image1 in sacred groves4 ,in such retreats the devout should lay themselves down to sleep1 and expect signs from ,god in dreams4 ,aristotle says3 ,it has been handed down in a mythical form1 from the earliest times to posterity1 that there are ,gods1 and that ,the ,divine compasses entire nature4 ,all besides this has been added1 after the mythical style1 for the purpose of persuading the multitude1 and for the interest of the laws and the advantage of the ,state4 ,thus men have given to the ,gods human forms1 and have even represented them under the figure of other beings1 in the train of which fictions followed many more of the same sort4 ,but if1 from all this1 we separate the original principle1 and consider it alone1 namely1 that the first ,essences are ,gods1 we shall find that this has been divinely said2 and since it is probable that philosophy and the arts have been several times1 so far as that is possible1 found and lost1 such doctrines may have been preserved to our times as the remains of ancient wisdom4 ,porphyry says3 ,by images addressed to sense1 the ancients represented ,god and his powers--by the visible they typified the invisible for those who had learned to read in these types1 as in a book1 a treatise on the ,gods4 ,we need not wonder if the ignorant consider the images to be nothing more than wood or stone2 for just so1 they who are ignorant of writing see nothing in monuments but stone1 nothing in tablets but wood1 and in books but a tissue of papyrus4 ,apollonius of ,tyana held1 that birth and death are only in appearance2 that which separates itself from the one substance 7the one ,divine essence71 and is caught up by matter1 seems to be born2 that1 again1 which releases itself from the bonds of matter1 and is reunited with the one ,divine ,essence1 seems to die4 ,there is1 at most1 an alteration between becoming visible and becoming invisible4 ,in all there is1 properly speaking1 but the one essence1 which alone acts and suffers1 by becoming all things to all2 the ,eternal ,god1 whom men wrong1 when they deprive ,him of what properly can be attributed to ,him only1 and transfer it to other names and persons4 ,the ,new ,platonists substituted the idea of the ,absolute1 for the ,supreme ,essence itself2--as the first1 simplest principle1 anterior to all existence2 of which nothing determinate can be predicated2 to which no consciousness1 no self-contemplation can be ascribed2 inasmuch as to do so1 would immediately imply a quality1 a distinction of subject and object4 ,this ,supreme ,entity can be known only by an intellectual intuition of the ,spirit1 transcending itself1 and emancipating itself from its own limits4 ,this mere logical tendency1 by means of which men thought to arrive at the conception of such an absolute1 the ,greek3 1 was united with a certain mysticism1 which1 by a transcendent state of feeling1 communicated1 as it were1 to this abstraction what the mind would receive as a reality4 ,the absorption of the ,spirit into that superexistence 7,greek3 71 so as to be entirely identified with it1 or such a revelation of the latter to the spirit raised above itself1 was regarded as the highest end which the spiritual life could reach4 ,the ,new ,platonists' idea of ,god1 was that of ,one ,simple ,original ,essence1 exalted above all plurality and all becoming2 the only true ,being2 unchangeable1 eternal ,greek3 3 from whom all ,existence in its several gradations has emanated--the world of ,gods1 as nearest akin to ,himself1 being first1 and at the head of all4 ,in these ,gods1 that perfection1 which in the ,supreme ,essence was inclosed and unevolved1 is expanded and becomes knowable4 ,they serve to exhibit in different forms the image of that ,supreme ,essence1 to which no soul can rise1 except by the loftiest flight of contemplation2 and after it has rid itself from all that pertains to sense--from all manifoldness4 ,they are the mediators between man 7amazed and stupefied by manifoldness7 and the ,supreme ,unity4 ,philo says3 ,he who disbelieves the miraculous1 simply as the miraculous1 neither knows ,god1 nor has he ever sought after ,him2 for otherwise he would have understood1 by looking at that truly great and awe-inspiring sight1 the miracle of the ,universe1 that these miracles 7in ,god's providential guidance of ,his people7 are but child's play for the ,divine ,power4 ,but the truly miraculous has become despised through familiarity4 ,the universal1 on the contrary1 although in itself insignificant1 yet1 through our love of novelty1 transports us with amazement4 ,in opposition to the anthropopathism of the ,jewish ,scriptures1 the ,alexandrian ,jews endeavored to purify the idea of ,god from all admixture of the ,human4 ,by the exclusion of every human passion1 it was sublimated to a something devoid of all attributes1 and wholly transcendental2 and the mere ,being ,greek3 1 the ,good1 in and by itself1 the ,absolute of ,platonism1 was substituted for the personal ,deity ,hebrew3 of the ,old ,testament4 ,by soaring upward1 beyond all created existence1 the mind1 disengaging itself from the ,sensible1 attains to the intellectual intuition of this ,absolute ,being2 of whom1 however1 it can predicate nothing but existence1 and sets aside all other determinations as not answering to the exalted nature of the ,supreme ,essence4 ,thus ,philo makes a distinction between those who are in the proper sense ,sons of ,god1 having by means of contemplation raised themselves to the highest ,being1 or attained to a knowledge of ,him1 in ,his immediate self-manifestation1 and those who know ,god only in his mediate revelation through his operation--such as ,he declares ,himself in creation--in the revelation still veiled in the letter of ,scripture--those1 in short1 who attach themselves simply to the ,logos1 and consider this to be the ,supreme ,god2 who are the sons of the ,logos1 rather than of the ,true ,being1 77 ,god1 says ,pythagoras1 is neither the object of sense1 nor subject to passion1 but invisible1 only intelligible1 and supremely intelligent ,in ,his body ,he is like the light1 and in ,his soul ,he resembles truth4 ,he is the universal spirit that pervades and diffuseth itself over all nature4 ,all beings receive their life from ,him4 ,there is but one only ,god1 who is not1 as some are apt to imagine1 seated above the world1 beyond the orb of the ,universe2 but being ,himself all in all1 ,he sees all the beings that fill ,his immensity2 the only ,principle1 the ,light of ,heaven1 the ,father of all4 ,he produces everything2 ,he orders and disposes everything2 ,he is the ,,reason1 the ,,life1 and the ,,motion of all being4 ,i am the ,,light of the world2 he that followeth ,me shall not walk in ,,darkness1 but shall have the ,,light ,,of ,,life4 ,so said the ,founder of the ,christian ,religion1 as ,his words are reported by ,john the ,apostle4 ,god1 say the sacred writings of the ,jews1 appeared to ,moses in a ,,flame ,,of ,,fire1 in the midst of a bush1 which was not consumed4 ,he descended upon ,mount ,sinai1 as the smoke of a furnace2 ,he went before the children of ,israel1 by day1 in a pillar of cloud and1 by night1 in a pillar of fire1 to give them light4 ,call you on the name of your ,gods1 said ,elijah the ,prophet to the ,priests of ,baal1 and ,i will call upon the name of ,,adonai2 and the ,god that answereth by fire1 let him be ,god4 ,according to the ,kabalah1 as according to the doctrines of ,zoroaster1 everything that exists has emanated from a source of infinite light4 ,before all things1 existed the ,primitive ,being1 ,,the ,,ancient ,,of ,,days1 the ,ancient ,king of ,light2 a title the more remarkable1 because it is frequently given to the ,creator in the ,zend-,avesta1 and in the ,code of the ,sabeans1 and occurs in the ,jewish ,scriptures4 ,the world was ,his ,revelation1 ,god revealed2 and subsisted only in ,him4 ,his attributes were there reproduced with various modifications and in different degrees2 so that the ,universe was ,his ,holy ,splendor1 ,his ,mantle4 ,he was to be adored in silence2 and perfection consisted in a nearer approach to ,him4 ,before the creation of worlds1 the ,,primitive ,,light filled all space1 so that there was no void4 ,when the ,supreme ,being1 existing in this ,light1 resolved to display ,his perfections1 or manifest them in worlds1 ,he withdrew within ,himself1 formed around ,him a void space1 and shot forth ,his first emanation1 a ray of light2 the cause and principle of everything that exists1 uniting both the generative and conceptive power1 which penetrates everything1 and without which nothing could subsist for an instant4 ,man fell1 seduced by the ,evil ,spirits most remote from the ,great ,king of ,light2 those of the fourth world of spirits1 ,asiah1 whose chief was ,belial4 ,they wage incessant war against the pure ,intelligences of the other worlds1 who1 like the ,amshaspands1 ,izeds1 and ,ferouers of the ,persians are the tutelary guardians of man4 ,in the beginning1 all was unison and harmony2 full of the same divine light and perfect purity4 ,the ,seven ,kings of ,evil fell1 and the ,universe was troubled4 ,then the ,creator took from the ,seven ,kings the principles of ,good and of ,light1 and divided them among the four worlds of ,spirits1 giving to the first three the ,pure ,intelligences1 united in love and harmony1 while to the fourth were vouchsafed only some feeble glimmerings of light4 ,when the strife between these and the good angels shall have continued the appointed time1 and these ,spirits enveloped in darkness shall long and in vain have endeavored to absorb the ,divine light and life1 then will the ,eternal ,himself come to correct them4 ,he will deliver them from the gross envelopes of matter that hold them captive1 will re-animate and strengthen the ray of light or spiritual nature which they have preserved1 and re-establish throughout the ,universe that primitive ,harmony which was its bliss4 ,marcion1 the ,gnostic1 said1 ,the ,soul of the ,true ,christian1 adopted as a child by the ,supreme ,being1 to whom it has long been a stranger1 receives from ,him the ,spirit and ,divine life4 ,it is led and confirmed1 by this gift1 in a pure and holy life1 like that of ,god2 and if it so completes its earthly career1 in charity1 chastity1 and sanctity1 it will one day be disengaged from its material envelope1 as the ripe grain is detached from the straw1 and as the young bird escapes from its shell4 ,like the angels1 it will share in the bliss of the ,good and ,perfect ,father1 re-clothed in an aerial body or organ1 and made like unto the ,angels in ,heaven4 ,you see1 my brother1 what is the meaning of ,masonic ,light4 ,you see why the ,,east of the ,lodge1 where the initial letter of the ,name of the ,deity overhangs the ,master1 is the place of ,light4 ,light1 as contradistinguished from darkness1 is ,good1 as contradistinguished from ,evil3 and it is that ,light1 the true knowledge of ,deity1 the ,eternal ,good1 for which ,masons in all ages have sought4 ,still ,masonry marches steadily onward toward that ,light that shines in the great distance1 the ,light of that day when ,evil1 overcome and vanquished1 shall fade away and disappear forever1 and ,life and ,light be the one law of the ,universe1 and its eternal ,harmony4 ,the ,degree of ,rose teaches three things2--the unity1 immutability and goodness of ,god2 the immortality of the ,soul2 the ultimate defeat and extinction of evil and wrong and sorrow1 by a ,redeemer or ,messiah1 yet to come1 if he has not already appeared4 ,it replaces the three pillars of the old ,temple1 with three that have already been explained to you1--,faith in ,god1 mankind1 and man's self1 ,hope in the victory over evil1 the advancement of ,humanity1 and a hereafter1 and ,charity relieving the wants and tolerant of the errors and faults of others4 ,to be trustful to be hopeful1 to be indulgent2 these1 in an age of selfishness1 of ill opinion of human nature1 of harsh and bitter judgment1 are the most important ,masonic ,virtues1 and the true supports of every ,masonic ,temple4 ,and they are the old pillars of the ,temple under different names4 ,for he only is wise who judges others charitably2 he only is strong who is hopeful2 and there is no beauty like a firm faith in ,god1 our fellows and ourself4 ,the second apartment1 clothed in mourning1 the columns of the ,temple shattered and prostrate1 and the brethren bowed down in the deepest dejection1 represents the world under the tyranny of the ,principle of ,evil2 where virtue is persecuted and vice rewarded2 where the righteous starve for bread1 and the wicked live sumptuously and dress in purple and fine linen2 where insolent ignorance rules1 and learning and genius serve2 where ,king and ,priest trample on liberty and the rights of conscience2 where freedom hides in caves and mountains1 and sycophancy and servility fawn and thrive2 where the cry of the widow and the orphan starving for want of food1 and shivering with cold1 rises ever to ,heaven1 from a million miserable hovels2 where men1 willing to labor1 and starving1 they and their children and the wives of their bosoms1 beg plaintively for work1 when the pampered capitalist stops his mills2 where the law punishes her who1 starving1 steals a loaf1 and lets the seducer go free2 where the success of a party justifies murder1 and violence and rapine go unpunished2 and where he who with many years' cheating and grinding the faces of the poor grows rich1 receives office and honor in life1 and after death brave funeral and a splendid mausoleum3--this world1 where1 since its making1 war has never ceased1 nor man paused in the sad task of torturing and murdering his brother2 and of which ambition1 avarice1 envy1 hatred1 lust1 and the rest of ,ahriman's and ,typhon's army make a ,pandemonium3 this world1 sunk in sin1 reeking with baseness1 clamorous with sorrow and misery4 ,if any see in it also a type of the sorrow of the ,craft for the death of ,hiram1 the grief of the ,jews at the fall of ,jerusalem1 the misery of the ,templars at the ruin of their order and the death of ,de ,molay1 or the world's agony and pangs of woe at the death of the ,redeemer1 it is the right of each to do so4 ,the third apartment represents the consequences of sin and vice and the hell made of the human heart1 by its fiery passions4 ,if any see in it also a type of the ,hades of the ,greeks1 the ,gehenna of the ,hebrews1 the ,tartarus of the ,romans1 or the ,hell of the ,christians1 or only of the agonies of remorse and the tortures of an upbraiding conscience1 it is the right of each to do so4 ,the fourth apartment represents the ,universe1 freed from the insolent dominion and tyranny of the ,principle of ,evil1 and brilliant with the true ,light that flows from the ,supreme ,deity2 when sin and wrong1 and pain and sorrow1 remorse and misery shall be no more forever2 when the great plans of ,infinite ,eternal ,wisdom shall be fully developed2 and all ,god's creatures1 seeing that all apparent evil and individual suffering and wrong were but the drops that went to swell the great river of infinite goodness1 shall know that vast as is the power of ,deity1 ,his goodness and beneficence are infinite as ,his power4 ,if any see in it a type of the peculiar mysteries of any faith or creed1 or an allusion to any past occurrences1 it is their right to do so4 ,let each apply its symbols as he pleases4 ,to all of us they typify the universal rule of ,masonry1--of its three chief virtues1 ,faith1 ,hope and ,charity2 of brotherly love and universal benevolence4 ,we labor here to no other end4 ,these symbols need no other interpretation4 ,the obligations of our ,ancient ,brethren of the ,rose were to fulfill all the duties of friendship1 cheerfulness1 charity1 peace1 liberality1 temperance and chastity3 and scrupulously to avoid impurity1 haughtiness1 hatred1 anger1 and every other kind of vice4 ,they took their philosophy from the old ,theology of the ,egyptians1 as ,moses and ,solomon had done1 and borrowed its hieroglyphics and the ciphers of the ,hebrews4 ,their principal rules were1 to exercise the profession of medicine charitably and without fee1 to advance the cause of virtue1 enlarge the sciences1 and induce men to live as in the primitive times of the world4 ,when this ,degree had its origin1 it is not important to inquire2 nor with what different rites it has been practised in different countries and at various times4 ,it is of very high antiquity4 ,its ceremonies differ with the degrees of latitude and longitude1 and it receives variant interpretations4 ,if we were to examine all the different ceremonials1 their emblems1 and their formulas1 we should see that all that belongs to the primitive and essential elements of the order1 is respected in every sanctuary4 ,all alike practise virtue1 that it may product fruit4 ,all labor1 like us1 for the extirpation of vice1 the purification of man1 the development of the arts and sciences1 and the relief of humanity4 ,none admit an adept to their lofty philosophical knowledge1 and mysterious sciences1 until he has been purified at the altar of the symbolic ,degrees4 ,of what importance are differences of opinion as to the age and genealogy of the ,degree1 or variance in the practice1 ceremonial and liturgy1 or the shade of color of the banner under which each tribe of ,israel marched1 if all revere the ,holy ,arch of the symbolic ,degrees1 first and unalterable source of ,free ,masonry2 if all revere our conservative principles1 and are with us in the great purposes of our organization8 ,if1 anywhere1 brethren of a particular religious belief have been excluded from this ,degree1 it merely shows how gravely the purposes and plan of ,masonry may be misunderstood4 ,for whenever the door of any ,degree is closed against him who believes in one ,god and the soul's immortality1 on account of the other tenets of his faith1 that ,degree is ,masonry no longer4 ,no ,mason has the right to interpret the symbols of this ,degree for another1 or to refuse him its mysteries1 if he will not take them with the explanation and commentary superadded4 ,listen1 my brother1 to our explanation of the symbols of the ,degree1 and then give them such further interpretation as you think fit4 ,the ,cross has been a sacred symbol from the earliest ,antiquity4 ,it is found upon all the enduring monuments of the world1 in ,egypt1 in ,assyria1 in ,hindostan1 in ,persia1 and on the ,buddhist towers of ,ireland4 ,buddha was said to have died upon it4 ,the ,druids cut an oak into its shape and held it sacred1 and built their temples in that form4 ,pointing to the four quarters of the world1 it was the symbol of universal nature4 ,it was on a cruciform tree1 that ,chrishna was said to have expired1 pierced with arrows4 ,it was revered in ,mexico4 ,but its peculiar meaning in this ,degree1 is that given to it by the ,ancient ,egyptians4 ,thoth or ,phtha is represented on the oldest monuments carrying in his hand the ,crux ,ansata1 or ,ankh1 a ,tau cross1 with a ring or circle over it4 ,he is so seen on the double tablet of ,shufu and ,noh ,shufu1 builders of the greatest of the ,pyramids1 at ,wady ,meghara1 in the peninsula of ,sinai4 ,it was the hieroglyphic for life1 and with a triangle prefixed meant life-giving4 ,to us therefore it is the symbol of ,life--of that life that emanated from the ,deity1 and of that ,eternal ,life for which all hope2 through our faith in ,god's infinite goodness4 ,the ,,rose was anciently sacred to ,aurora and the ,sun4 ,it is symbol of ,dawn1 of the resurrection of ,light and the renewal of life1 and therefore of the dawn of the first day1 and more particularly of the resurrection3 and the ,cross and ,rose together are therefore hieroglyphically to be read1 the ,dawn of ,eternal ,life which all ,nations have hoped for by the advent of a ,redeemer4 ,the ,pelican feeding her young is an emblem of the large and bountiful beneficence of ,nature1 of the ,redeemer of fallen man1 and of that humanity and charity that ought to distinguish a ,knight of this ,degree4 ,the ,eagle was the living ,symbol of the ,egyptian ,god ,mendes or ,menthra1 whom ,sesostris-,ramses made one with ,amun-,re1 the ,god of ,thebes and ,upper ,egypt1 and the representative of the ,sun1 the word ,,re meaning ,sun or ,king4 ,the ,compass surmounted with a crown signifies that notwithstanding the high rank attained in ,masonry by a ,knight of the ,rose ,croix1 equity and impartiality are invariably to govern his conduct4 ,to the word ,,inri1 inscribed on the ,crux ,ansata over the ,master's ,seat1 many meanings have been assigned4 ,the ,christian ,initiate reverentially sees in it the initials of the inscription upon the cross on which ,christ suffered--,iesus ,nazarenus ,rex ,iudorum4 ,the sages of ,antiquity connected it with one of the greatest secrets of ,nature1 that of universal regeneration4 ,they interpreted it thus1 ,igne ,natura renovatur ,integra2 entire nature is renovated by fire3 ,the ,alchemical or ,hermetic ,masons framed for it this aphorism1 ,igne nitrum roris invenitur4 ,and the ,jesuits are charged with having applied to it this odious axiom1 ,justum necare reges impios4 ,the four letters are the initials of the ,hebrew words that represent the four elements--,iammim1 the seas or water2 ,hour1 fire2 ,rouach1 the air1 and ,iebeschah1 the dry earth4 ,how we read it1 ,i need not repeat to you4 ,the ,,cross1 ,illustration3 ,glyph was the ,sign of the ,creative ,wisdom or ,logos1 the ,son of ,god4 ,plato says1 ,he expressed him upon the ,universe in the figure of the letter ,x4 ,the next ,power to the ,supreme ,god ,was decussated or figured in the shape of a ,cross on ,universe4 ,mithras signed his soldiers on the forehead with a ,cross4 ,glyph is the mark of #fjj1 the mysterious cycle of the ,incarnations4 ,we constantly see the ,tau and the ,resh united thus ,glyph4 ,these two letters1 in the old ,samaritan1 as found in ,arius1 stand1 the first for #djj1 the second for #bjj-fjj4 ,this is the ,staff of ,osiris1 also1 and his monogram1 and was adopted by the ,christians as a ,sign4 ,on a medal of ,constantius is this inscription1 ,in hoc signo victor cris ,glyph4 ,an inscription in the ,duomo at ,milan reads1 ,glyph et ,glyph4 ,christi-,nomina-,sancta-,tene4 ,the ,egyptians used as a ,sign of their ,god ,canobus1 a ,glyph or a ,glyph indifferently4 ,the ,vaishnavas of ,india have also the same ,sacred ,tau1 which they also mark with ,crosses1 thus ,glyph1 and with triangles1 thus1 ,glyph4 ,the vestments of the priests of ,horus were covered with these ,crosses ,glyph4 ,so was the dress of the ,lama of ,thibet4 ,the ,sectarian marks of the ,jains are ,glyph4 ,the distinctive badge of the ,sect of ,xac ,japonicus is ,glyph4 ,it is the ,sign of ,fo1 identical with the ,cross of ,christ4 ,on the ruins of ,mandore1 in ,india1 among other mystic emblems1 are the mystic triangle1 and the interlaced triangle1 ,glyph4 ,this is also found on ancient coins and medals1 excavated from the ruins of ,oojein and other ancient cities of ,india4 ,you entered here amid gloom and into shadow1 and are clad in the apparel of sorrow4 ,lament1 with us1 the sad condition of the ,human race1 in this vale of tears6 the calamities of men and the agonies of nations6 the darkness of the bewildered soul1 oppressed by doubt and apprehension6 ,there is no human soul that is not sad at times4 ,there is no thoughtful soul that does not at times despair4 ,there is perhaps none1 of all that think at all of anything beyond the needs and interests of the body1 that is not at times startled and terrified by the awful questions which1 feeling as though it were a guilty thing for doing so1 it whispers to itself in its inmost depths4 ,some ,demon seems to torture it with doubts1 and to crush it with despair1 asking whether1 after all1 it is certain that its convictions are true and its faith well founded3 whether it is indeed sure that a ,god of ,infinite ,love and ,beneficence rules the ,universe1 or only some great remorseless ,fate and iron ,necessity1 hid in impenetrable gloom1 and to which men and their sufferings and sorrows1 their hopes and joys1 their ambitions and deeds1 are of no more interest or importance than the motes that dance in the sunshine2 or a ,being that amuses ,himself with the incredible vanity and folly1 the writhings and contortions of the insignificant insects that compose ,humanity1 and idly imagine that they resemble the ,omnipotent4 ,what are we1 the ,tempter asks1 but puppets in a show-box8 ,o ,omnipotent destiny1 pull our strings gently6 ,dance us mercifully off our miserable little stage6 ,is it not1 the ,demon whispers1 merely the inordinate vanity of man that causes him now to pretend to himself that he is like unto ,god in intellect1 sympathies and passions1 as it was that which1 at the beginning1 made him believe that he was1 in his bodily shape and organs1 the very image of the ,deity8 ,is not his ,god merely his own shadow1 projected in gigantic outlines upon the clouds8 ,does he not create for himself a ,god out of himself1 by merely adding indefinite extension to his own faculties1 powers1 and passions8 ,who1 the ,voice that will not be always silent whispers1 has ever thoroughly satisfied himself with his own arguments in respect to his own nature8 ,who ever demonstrated to himself1 with a conclusiveness that elevated the belief to certainty1 that he was an immortal spirit1 dwelling only temporarily in the house and envelope of the body1 and to live on forever after that shall have decayed8 ,who ever has demonstrated or ever can demonstrate that the intellect of ,man differs from that of the wiser animals1 otherwise than in degree8 ,who has ever done more than to utter nonsense and incoherencies in regard to the difference between the instincts of the dog and the reason of ,man8 ,the horse1 the dog1 the elephant1 are as conscious of their identity as we are4 ,they think1 dream1 remember1 argue with themselves1 devise1 plan1 and reason4 ,what is the intellect and intelligence of the man but the intellect of the animal in a higher degree or larger quantity8 ,in the real explanation of a single thought of a dog1 all metaphysics will be condensed4 ,and with still more terrible significance1 the ,voice asks1 in what ,respect the masses of men1 the vast swarms of the human race1 have proven themselves either wiser or better than the animals in whose eyes a higher intelligence shines than in their dull1 unintellectual orbs2 in what respect they have proven themselves worthy of or suited for an immortal life4 ,would that be a prize of any value to the vast majority8 ,do they show1 here upon earth1 any capacity to improve1 any fitness for a state of existence in which they could not crouch to power1 like hounds dreading the lash or tyrannize over defenceless weakness2 in which they could not hate and persecute1 and torture1 and exterminate2 in which they could not trade1 and speculate1 and over-reach1 and entrap the unwary and cheat the confiding and gamble and thrive1 and sniff with self-righteousness at the short-comings of others1 and thank ,god that they were not like other men8 ,what1 to immense numbers of men1 would be the value of a ,heaven where they could not lie and libel1 and ply base avocations for profitable returns8 ,sadly we look around us1 and read the gloomy and dreary records of the old dead and rotten ages4 ,more than eighteen centuries have staggered away into the spectral realm of the ,past1 since ,christ1 teaching the ,religion of ,love1 was crucified1 that it might become a ,religion of ,hate2 and ,his ,doctrines are not yet even nominally accepted as true by a fourth of mankind4 ,since ,his death1 what incalculable swarms of human beings have lived and died in total unbelief of all that we deem essential to ,salvation6 ,what multitudinous myriads of souls1 since the darkness of idolatrous superstition settled down1 thick and impenetrable1 upon the earth1 have flocked up toward the eternal ,throne of ,god1 to receive ,his judgment8 ,the ,religion of ,love proved to be1 for seventeen long centuries1 as much the ,religion of ,hate1 and infinitely more the ,religion of ,persecution1 than ,mahometanism1 its unconquerable rival4 ,heresies grew up before the ,apostles died2 and ,god hated the ,nicolatans1 while ,john1 at ,patmos1 proclaimed ,his coming wrath4 ,sects wrangled1 and each1 as it gained the power1 persecuted the other1 until the soil of the whole ,christian world was watered with the blood1 and fattened on the flesh1 and whitened with the bones1 of martyrs1 and human ingenuity was taxed to its utmost to invent new modes by which tortures and agonies could be prolonged and made more exquisite4 ,by what right whispers the ,voice1 does this savage1 merciless1 persecuting animal1 to which the sufferings and writhings of others of its wretched kind furnish the most pleasurable sensations1 and the mass of which care only to eat1 sleep1 be clothed1 and wallow in sensual pleasures1 and the best of which wrangle1 hate1 envy1 and1 with few exceptions1 regard their own interests alone1--with what right does it endeavor to delude itself into the conviction that it is not an animal1 as the wolf1 the hyena1 and the tiger are1 but a somewhat nobler1 a spirit destined to be immortal1 a spark of the essential ,light1 ,fire and ,reason1 which are ,god8 ,what other immortality than one of selfishness could this creature enjoy8 ,of what other is it capable8 ,must not immortality commence here and is not life a part of it8 ,how shall death change the base nature of the base soul8 ,why have not those other animals that only faintly imitate the wanton1 savage1 human cruelty and thirst for blood1 the same right as man has1 to expect a resurrection and an ,eternity of existence1 or a ,heaven of ,love8 ,the world improves4 ,man ceases to persecute1--when the persecuted become too numerous and strong1 longer to submit to it4 ,that source of pleasure closed1 men exercise the ingenuities of their cruelty on the animals and other living things below them4 ,to deprive other creatures of the life which ,god gave them1 and this not only that we may eat their flesh for food1 but out of mere savage wantonness1 is the agreeable employment and amusement of man1 who prides himself on being the ,lord of ,creation1 and a little lower than the ,angels4 ,if he can no longer use the rack1 the gibbet1 the pincers1 and the stake1 he can hate1 and slander1 and delight in the thought that he will1 hereafter1 luxuriously enjoying the sensual beatitudes of ,heaven1 see with pleasure the writhing agonies of those justly damned for daring to hold opinions contrary to his own1 upon subjects totally beyond the comprehension both of them and him4 ,where the armies of the despots cease to slay and ravage1 the armies of ,freedom take their place1 and1 the black and white commingled1 slaughter and burn and ravish4 ,each age re-enacts the crimes as well as the follies of its predecessors1 and still war licenses outrage and turns fruitful lands into deserts1 and ,god is thanked in the ,churches for bloody butcheries1 and the remorseless devastators1 even when swollen by plunder1 are crowned with laurels and receive ovations4 ,of the whole of mankind1 not one in ten thousand has any aspirations beyond the daily needs of the gross animal life4 ,in this age and in all others1 all men except a few1 in most countries1 are born to be mere beasts of burden1 co-laborers with the horse and the ox4 ,profoundly ignorant1 even in civilized lands1 they think and reason like the animals by the side of which they toil4 ,for them1 ,god1 ,soul1 ,spirit1 ,immortality1 are mere words1 without any real meaning4 ,the ,god of nineteen-twentieths of the ,christian world is only ,bel1 ,moloch1 ,zeus1 or at best ,osiris1 ,mithras1 or ,adona1 under another name1 worshipped with the old ,pagan ceremonies and ritualistic formulas4 ,it is the ,statue of ,olympian ,jove1 worshipped as the ,father1 in the ,christian ,church that was a ,pagan ,temple2 it is the ,statue of ,venus1 become the ,virgin ,mary4 ,for the most part1 men do not in their hearts believe that ,god is either just or merciful4 ,they fear and shrink from ,his lightnings and dread ,his wrath4 ,for the most part1 they only think they believe that there is another life1 a judgment1 and a punishment for sin4 ,yet they will none the less persecute as ,infidels and ,atheists those who do not believe what they themselves imagine they believe1 and which yet they do not believe1 because it is incomprehensible to them in their ignorance and want of intellect4 ,to the vast majority of mankind1 ,god is but the reflected image1 in infinite space1 of the earthly ,tyrant on his ,throne1 only more powerful1 more inscrutable1 and more implacable4 ,to curse ,humanity1 the ,despot need only be1 what the popular mind has1 in every age1 imagined ,god4 ,in the great cities1 the lower strata of the populace are equally without faith and without hope4 ,the others have1 for the most part1 a mere blind faith1 imposed by education and circumstances1 and not as productive of moral excellence or even common honesty as ,mohammedanism4 ,your property will be safe here1 said the ,moslem2 ,there are no ,christians here4 ,the philosophical and scientific world becomes daily more and more unbelieving4 ,faith and ,reason are not opposites1 in equilibrium2 but antagonistic and hostile to each other2 the result being the darkness and despair of scepticism1 avowed1 or half-veiled as rationalism4 ,over more than three-fourths of the habitable globe1 humanity still kneels1 like the camels1 to take upon itself the burthens to be tamely borne for its tyrants4 ,if a ,republic occasionally rises like a ,star1 it hastens with all speed to set in blood4 ,the kings need not make war upon it1 to crush it out of their way4 ,it is only necessary to let it alone1 and it soon lays violent hands upon itself4 ,and when a people long enslaved shake off its fetters1 it may well be incredulously asked1 ,shall the braggart shout ,for some blind glimpse of ,freedom1 link itself1 ,through madness1 hated by the wise1 to law1 ,system and ,empire8 ,everywhere in the world labor is1 in some shape1 the slave of capital2 generally1 a slave to be fed only so long as he can work2 or1 rather1 only so long as his work is profitable to the owner of the human chattel4 ,there are famines in ,ireland1 strikes and starvation in ,england1 pauperism and tenement-dens in ,new ,york1 misery1 squalor1 ignorance1 destitution1 the brutality of vice and the insensibility to shame1 of despairing beggary1 in all the human cesspools and sewers everywhere4 ,here1 a sewing-woman famishes and freezes2 there1 mothers murder their children1 that those spared may live upon the bread purchased with the burial allowances of the dead starveling2 and at the next door young girls prostitute themselves for food4 ,moreover1 the ,voice says1 this besotted race is not satisfied with seeing its multitudes swept away by the great epidemics whose causes are unknown1 and of the justice or wisdom of which the human mind cannot conceive4 ,it must also be ever at war4 ,there has not been a moment since men divided into ,tribes1 when all the world was at peace4 ,always men have been engaged in murdering each other somewhere4 ,always the armies have lived by the toil of the husbandman1 and war has exhausted the resources1 wasted the energies1 and ended the prosperity of ,nations4 ,now it loads unborn posterity with crushing debt1 mortgages all estates1 and brings upon ,states the shame and infamy of dishonest repudiation4 ,at times1 the baleful fires of war light up half a ,continent at once2 as when all the ,thrones unite to compel a people to receive again a hated and detestable dynasty1 or ,states deny ,states the right to dissolve an irksome union and create for themselves a separate government4 ,then again the flames flicker and die away1 and the fire smoulders in its ashes1 to break out again1 after a time1 with renewed and a more concentrated fury4 ,at times1 the storm1 revolving1 howls over small areas only2 at times its lights are seen1 like the old beacon-fires on the hills1 belting the whole globe4 ,no sea1 but hears the roar of cannon2 no river1 but runs red with blood2 no plain1 but shakes1 trampled by the hoofs of charging squadrons2 no field1 but is fertilized by the blood of the dead2 and everywhere man slays1 the vulture gorges1 and the wolf howls in the ear of the dying soldier4 ,no city is not tortured by shot and shell2 and no people fail to enact the horrid blasphemy of thanking a ,god of ,love for victories and carnage4 ,te ,deums are still sung for the ,eve of ,st4 ,bartholomew and the ,sicilian ,vespers4 ,man's ingenuity is racked1 and all his inventive powers are tasked1 to fabricate the infernal enginery of destruction1 by which human bodies may be the more expeditiously and effectually crushed1 shattered1 torn1 and mangled2 and yet hypocritical#a ,humanity1 drunk with blood and drenched with gore1 shrieks to ,heaven at a single murder1 perpetrated to gratify a revenge not more unchristian1 or to satisfy a cupidity not more ignoble1 than those which are the promptings of the ,devil in the souls of ,nations4 ,when we have fondly dreamed of ,utopia and the ,millennium1 when we have begun almost to believe that man is not1 after all1 a tiger half tamed1 and that the smell of blood will not wake the savage within him1 we are of a sudden startled from the delusive dream1 to find the thin mask of civilization rent in twain and thrown contemptuously away4 ,we lie down to sleep1 like the peasant on the lava-slopes of ,vesuvius4 ,the mountain has been so long inert1 that we believe its fires extinguished4 ,round us hang the clustering grapes1 and the green leaves of the olive tremble in the soft night-air over us4 ,above us shine the peaceful1 patient stars4 ,the crash of a new eruption wakes us1 the roar of the subterranean thunders1 the stabs of the volcanic lightning into the shrouded bosom of the sky2 and we see1 aghast1 the tortured ,titan hurling up its fires among the pale stars1 its great tree of smoke and cloud1 the red torrents pouring down its sides4 ,the roar and the shriekings of ,civil ,war are all around us3 the land is a pandemonium3 man is again a ,savage4 ,the great armies roll along their hideous waves1 and leave behind them smoking and depopulated deserts4 ,the pillager is in every house1 plucking even the morsel of bread from the lips of the starving child4 ,gray hairs are dabbled in blood1 and innocent girlhood shrieks in vain to ,lust for mercy4 ,laws1 ,courts1 ,constitutions1 ,christianity1 ,mercy1 ,pity1 disappear4 ,god seems to have abdicated1 and ,moloch to reign in ,his stead2 while ,press and ,pulpit alike exult at universal murder1 and urge the extermination of the ,conquered1 by the sword and the flaming torch2 and to plunder and murder entitles the human beasts of prey to the thanks of ,christian ,senates4 ,commercial greed deadens the nerves of sympathy of ,nations1 and makes them deaf to the demands of honor1 the impulses of generosity1 the appeals of those who suffer under injustice4 ,elsewhere1 the universal pursuit of wealth dethrones ,god and pays divine honors to ,mammon and ,baalzebub4 ,selfishness rules supreme3 to win wealth becomes the whole business of life4 ,the villanies of legalized gaming and speculation become epidemic2 treachery is but evidence of shrewdness2 office becomes the prey of successful faction2 the ,country1 like ,acton1 is torn by its own hounds1 and the villains it has carefully educated to their trade1 most greedily plunder it1 when it is in extremis4 ,by what right1 the ,voice demands1 does a creature always engaged in the work of mutual robbery and slaughter1 and who makes his own interest his ,god1 claim to be of a nature superior to the savage beasts of which he is the prototype8 ,then the shadows of a horrible doubt fall upon the soul that would fain love1 trust and believe2 a darkness1 of which this that surrounded you was a symbol4 ,it doubts the truth of ,revelation1 its own spirituality1 the very existence of a beneficent ,god4 ,it asks itself if it is not idle to hope for any great progress of ,humanity toward perfection1 and whether1 when it advances in one respect1 it does not retrogress in some other1 by way of compensation3 whether advance in civilization is not increase of selfishness3 whether freedom does not necessarily lead to license and anarchy3 whether the destitution and debasement of the masses does not inevitably follow increase of population and commercial and manufacturing prosperity4 ,it asks itself whether man is not the sport of a blind1 merciless ,fate3 whether all philosophies are not delusions1 and all religions the fantastic creations of human vanity and self-conceit2 and1 above all1 whether1 when ,reason is abandoned as a guide1 the faith of ,buddhist and ,brahmin has not the same claims to sovereignty and implicit1 unreasoning credence1 as any other4 ,he asks himself whether it is not1 after all1 the evident and palpable injustices of this life1 the success and prosperity of the ,bad1 the calamities1 oppressions1 and miseries of the ,good1 that are the bases of all beliefs in a future state of existence8 ,doubting man's capacity for indefinite progress here1 he doubts the possibility of it anywhere2 and if he does not doubt whether ,god exists1 and is just and beneficent1 he at least cannot silence the constantly recurring whisper1 that the miseries and calamities of men1 their lives and deaths1 their pains and sorrows1 their extermination by war and epidemics1 are phenomena of no higher dignity1 significance1 and importance1 in the eye of ,god1 than what things of the same nature occur to other organisms of matter2 and that the fish of the ancient seas1 destroyed by myriads to make room for other species1 the contorted shapes in which they are found as fossils testifying to their agonies2 the coral insects1 the animals and birds and vermin slain by man1 have as much right as he to clamor at the injustice of the dispensations of ,god1 and to demand an immortality of life in a new universe1 as compensation for their pains and sufferings and untimely death in this world4 ,this is not a picture painted by the imagination4 ,many a thoughtful mind has so doubted and despaired4 ,how many of us can say that our own faith is so well grounded and complete that we never hear those painful whisperings within the soul8 ,thrice blessed are they who never doubt1 who ruminate in patient contenment like the kine1 or doze under the opiate of a blind faith2 on whose souls never rests that ,awful ,shadow which is the absence of the ,divine ,light4 ,to explain to themselves the existence of ,evil and ,suffering1 the ,ancient ,persians imagined that there were two ,principles or ,deities in the ,universe1 the one of ,good and the other of ,evil1 constantly in conflict with each other in struggle for the mastery1 and alternately overcoming and overcome4 ,over both1 for the ,,sages1 was the ,one ,supreme2 and for them ,light was in the end to prevail over ,darkness1 the ,good over the ,evil1 and even ,ahriman and his ,demons to part with their wicked and vicious natures and share the universal ,salvation4 ,it did not occur to them that the existence of the ,evil ,principle1 by the consent of the ,omnipotent ,supreme1 presented the same difficulty1 and left the existence of ,evil as unexplained as before4 ,the human mind is always content1 if it can remove a difficulty a step further off4 ,it cannot believe that the world rests on nothing1 but is devoutly content when taught that it is borne on the back of an immense elephant1 who himself stands on the back of a tortoise4 ,given the tortoise1 ,faith is always satisfied2 and it has been a great source of happiness to multitudes that they could believe in a ,devil who could relieve ,god of the odium of being the ,author of ,sin4 ,but not to all is ,faith sufficient to overcome this great difficulty4 ,they say1 with the ,suppliant1,lord6 ,i believe6--but like him they are constrained to add1,help ,thou my unbelief6--,reason must1 for these1 co-operate and coincide with ,faith1 or they remain still in the darkness of doubt1--most miserable of all conditions of the human mind4 ,those1 only1 who care for nothing beyond the interests and pursuits of this life1 are uninterested in these great ,problems4 ,the animals1 also1 do not consider them4 ,it is the characteristic of an immortal ,soul1 that it should seek to satisfy itself of its immortality1 and to understand this great enigma1 the ,universe1 ,if the ,hottentot and the ,papuan are not troubled and tortured by these doubts and speculations1 they are not1 for that1 to be regarded as either wise or fortunate4 ,the swine1 also1 are indifferent to the great riddles of the ,universe1 and are happy in being wholly unaware that it is the vast ,revelation and ,manifestation1 in ,time and ,space1 of a ,single ,thought of the ,infinite ,god4 ,exalt and magnify ,faith as we will1 and say that it begins where ,reason ends1 it must1 after all1 have a foundation1 either in ,reason1 ,analogy1 the ,consciousness1 or human testimony4 ,the worshipper of ,brahma also has implicit ,faith in what seems to us palpably false and absurd4 ,his faith rests neither in ,reason1 ,analogy1 or the ,consciousness1 but on the testimony of his ,spiritual teachers1 and of the ,holy ,books4 ,the ,moslem also believes1 on the positive testimony of the ,prophet2 and the ,mormon also can say1 ,i believe this1 because it is impossible4 ,no faith1 however absurd or degrading1 has ever wanted these foundations1 testimony1 and the books4 ,miracles1 proven by unimpeachable testimony have been used as a foundation for ,faith1 in every age2 and the modern miracles are better authenticated1 a hundred times1 than the ancient ones4 ,so that1 after all1 ,faith must flow out from some source within us1 when the evidence of that which we are to believe is not presented to our senses1 or it will in no case be the assurance of the truth of what is believed4 ,the ,consciousness1 or inhering and innate conviction1 or the instinct divinely implanted1 of the verity of things1 is the highest ,possible evidence1 if not the only real proof1 of the verity of certain things1 but only of truths of a limited class4 ,what we call the ,reason1 that is1 our imperfect human reason1 not only may1 but assuredly will1 lead us away from the ,truth in regard to things invisible and especially those of the ,infinite1 if we determine to believe nothing but that which it can demonstrate1 or not to believe that which it can by its processes of logic prove to be contradictory1 unreasonable1 or absurd4 ,its tape-line cannot measure the arcs of ,infinity4 ,for example1 to the ,human reason1 an ,infinite ,justice and an ,infinite ,mercy or ,love1 in the same ,being1 are inconsistent and impossible4 ,one1 it can demonstrate necessarily excludes the other4 ,so it can demonstrate that as the ,creation had a beginning1 it necessarily follows that an ,eternity had elapsed before the ,deity began to create1 during which ,he was inactive4 ,when we gaze1 of a moonless clear night1 on the ,heavens glittering with stars1 and know that each fixed star of all the myriads is a ,sun1 and each probably possessing its retinue of worlds1 all peopled with living beings1 we sensibly feel our own unimportance in the scale of ,creation1 and at once reflect that much of what has in different ages been religious faith1 could never have been believed1 if the nature1 size1 and distance of those ,suns1 and of our own ,sun1 ,moon1 and ,planets1 had been known to the ,ancients as they are to us4 ,to them1 all the lights of the firmament were created only to give light to the earth1 as its lamps or candles hung above it4 ,the earth was supposed to be the only inhabited portion of the ,universe4 ,the world and the ,universe were synonymous terms4 ,of the immense size and distance of the heavenly bodies1 men had no conception4 ,the ,sages had1 in ,chaldea1 ,egypt1 ,india1 ,china1 and in ,persia1 and therefore the sages always had1 an esoteric creed1 taught only in the mysteries and unknown to the vulgar4 ,no ,sage1 in either country1 or in ,greece or ,rome1 believed the popular creed4 ,to them the ,gods and the ,idols of the ,gods were symbols1 and symbols of great and mysterious truths4 ,the ,vulgar imagined the attention of the ,gods to be continually centred upon the earth and man4 ,the ,grecian ,divinities inhabited ,olympus1 an insignificant mountain of the ,earth4 ,there was the ,court of ,zeus1 to which ,neptune came from the ,sea1 and ,pluto and ,persephon from the glooms of ,tartarus in the unfathomable depths of the ,earth's bosom4 ,god came down from ,heaven and on ,sinai dictated laws for the ,hebrews to ,his servant ,moses4 ,the ,stars were the guardians of mortals whose fates and fortunes were to be read in their movements1 conjunctions1 and oppositions4 ,the ,moon was the ,bride and ,sister of the ,sun1 at the same distance above the ,earth1 and1 like the ,sun1 made for the service of mankind alone4 ,if1 with the great telescope of ,lord ,rosse1 we examine the vast nebul of ,hercules1 ,orion1 and ,andromeda1 and find them resolvable into ,stars more numerous than the sands on the seashore2 if we reflect that each of these ,stars is a ,sun1 like and even many times larger than ours1--each1 beyond a doubt1 with its retinue of worlds swarming with life2--if we go further in imagination1 and endeavor to conceive of all the infinities of space1 filled with similar suns and worlds1 we seem at once to shrink into an incredible insignificance4 ,the ,universe1 which is the uttered ,word of ,god1 is infinite in extent4 ,there is no empty space beyond creation on any side4 ,the ,universe1 which is the ,thought of ,god pronounced1 never was not1 since ,god never was inert2 nor ,,was1 without thinking and creating4 ,the forms of creation change1 the suns and worlds live and die like the leaves and the insects1 but the ,universe itself is infinite and eternal1 because ,god ,is1 ,was1 and ,will forever ,be1 and never did not think and create4 ,reason is fain to admit that a ,supreme ,intelligence1 infinitely powerful and wise1 must have created this boundless ,universe2 but it also tells us that we are as unimportant in it as the zophytes and entozoa1 or as the invisible particles of animated life that float upon the air or swarm in the water-drop4 ,the foundations of our faith1 resting upon the imagined interest of ,god in our race1 an interest easily supposable when man believed himself the only intelligent created being1 and therefore eminently worthy the especial care and watchful anxiety of a ,god who had only this earth to look after1 and its house-keeping alone to superintend1 and who was content to create1 in all the infinite ,universe1 only one single being1 possessing a soul1 and not a mere animal1 are rudely shaken as the ,universe broadens and expands for us2 and the darkness of doubt and distrust settles heavy upon the ,soul4 ,the modes in which it is ordinarily endeavored to satisfy our doubts1 only increase them4 ,to demonstrate the necessity for a cause of the creation1 is equally to demonstrate the necessity of a cause for that cause4 ,the argument from plan and design only removes the difficulty a step further off4 ,we rest the world on the elephant1 and the elephant on the tortoise1 and the tortoise on--nothing4 ,to tell us that the animals possess instinct only and that ,reason belongs to us alone1 in no way tends to satisfy us of the radical difference between us and them4 ,for if the mental phenomena exhibited by animals that think1 dream1 remember1 argue from cause to effect1 plan1 devise1 combine1 and communicate their thoughts to each other1 so as to act rationally in concert1--if their love1 hate1 and revenge1 can be conceived of as results of the organization of matter1 like color and perfume1 the resort to the hypothesis of an immaterial ,soul to explain phenomena of the same kind1 only more perfect1 manifested by the human being1 is supremely absurd4 ,that organized matter can think or even feel at all1 is the great insoluble mystery4 ,instinct is but a word without a meaning1 or else it means inspiration4 ,it is either the animal itself1 or ,god in the animal1 that thinks1 remembers1 and reasons2 and instinct1 according to the common acceptation of the term1 would be the greatest and most wonderful of mysteries1--no less a thing than the direct1 immediate1 and continual promptings of the ,deity1--for the animals are not machines1 or automata moved by springs1 and the ape is but a dumb ,australian4 ,must we always remain in this darkness of uncertainty1 of doubt8 ,is there no mode of escaping from the labyrinth except by means of a blind faith1 which explains nothing1 and in many creeds1 ancient and modern1 sets ,reason at defiance1 and leads to the belief either in a ,god without a ,universe1 a ,universe without a ,god1 or a ,universe which is itself a ,god8 ,we read in the ,hebrew ,chronicles that ,schlomoh the wise ,king caused to be placed in front of the entrance to the ,temple two huge columns of bronze1 one of which was called ,,yakayin and the other ,,bahaz2 and these words are rendered in our version ,strength and ,establishment4 ,the ,masonry of the ,blue ,lodges gives no explanation of these symbolic columns2 nor do the ,hebrew ,books advise us that they were symbolic4 ,if not so intended as symbols1 they were subsequently understood to be such4 ,but as we are certain that everything within the ,temple was symbolic1 and that the whole structure was intended to represent the ,universe1 we may reasonably conclude that the columns of the portico also had a symbolic signification4 ,it would be tedious to repeat all the interpretations which fancy or dullness has found for them4 ,the key to their true meaning is not undiscoverable4 ,the perfect and eternal distinction of the two primitive terms of the creative syllogism1 in order to attain to the demonstration of their harmony by the analogy of contraries1 is the second grand principle of that occult philosophy veiled under the name ,kabalah1 and indicated by all the sacred hieroglyphs of the ,ancient ,sanctuaries1 and of the rites1 so little understood by the mass of the ,initiates1 of the ,ancient and ,modern ,free-,masonry4 ,the ,sohar declares that everything in the ,universe proceeds by the mystery of the ,balance1 that is1 of ,equilibrium4 ,of the ,sephiroth1 or ,divine ,emanations1 ,wisdom and ,understanding1 ,severity and ,benignity1 or ,justice and ,mercy1 and ,victory and ,glory1 constitute pairs4 ,wisdom1 or the ,intellectual ,generative ,energy1 and ,understanding1 or the ,capacity to be impregnated by the ,active ,energy and produce intellection or thought1 are represented symbolically in the ,kabalah as male and female4 ,so also are ,justice and ,mercy4 ,strength is the intellectual ,energy or ,activity2 ,establishment or ,stability is the intellectual ,capacity to produce1 a passivity4 ,they are the ,,power of generation and the ,,capacity of production4 ,by ,,wisdom1 it is said1 ,god creates1 and by ,,understanding establishes4 ,these are the two ,columns of the ,temple1 contraries like the ,man and ,woman1 like ,reason and ,faith1 ,omnipotence and ,liberty1 ,infinite ,justice and ,infinite4 ,mercy1 ,absolute ,power or ,strength to do even what is most unjust and unwise1 and ,absolute ,wisdom that makes it impossible to do it2 ,right and ,duty4 ,they were the columns of the intellectual and moral world1 the monumental hieroglyph of the antinomy necessary to the grand law of creation4 ,there must be for every ,force a ,resistance to support it1 to every light a shadow1 for every ,royalty a ,realm to govern1 for every affirmative a negative4 ,for the ,kabalists1 ,light represents the ,active ,principle1 and ,darkness or ,shadow is analogous to the ,passive ,principle4 ,therefore it was that they made of the ,sun and ,moon emblems of the two ,divine ,sexes and the two creative forces2 therefore1 that they ascribed to woman the ,temptation and the first sin1 and then the first labor1 the maternal labor of the redemption1 because it is from the bosom of the darkness itself that we see the ,light born again4 ,the ,void attracts the ,full2 and so it is that the abyss of poverty and misery1 the ,seeming ,evil1 the seeming empty nothingness of life1 the temporary rebellion of the creatures1 eternally attracts the overflowing ocean of being1 of riches1 of pity1 and of love4 ,christ completed the ,atonement on the ,cross by descending into ,hell4 ,justice and ,mercy are contraries4 ,if each be infinite1 their co-existence seems impossible1 and being equal1 one cannot even annihilate the other and reign alone4 ,the mysteries of the ,divine ,nature are beyond our finite comprehension2 but so indeed are the mysteries of our own finite nature2 and it is certain that in all nature harmony and movement are the result of the equilibrium of opposing or contrary forces4 ,the analogy of contraries gives the solution of the most interesting and most difficult problem of modern philosophy1--the definite and permanent accord of ,reason and ,faith1 of ,authority and ,liberty of examination1 of ,science and ,belief1 of ,perfection in ,god and ,imperfection in ,man4 ,if science or knowledge is the ,sun1 ,belief is the ,man2 it is a reflection of the day in the night4 ,faith is the veiled ,isis1 the ,supplement of ,reason1 in the shadows which precede or follow ,reason4 ,it emanates from the ,reason1 but can never confound it nor be confounded with it4 ,the encroachments of ,reason upon ,faith1 or of ,faith on ,reason1 are eclipses of the ,sun or ,moon2 when they occur1 they make useless both the ,source of ,light and its reflection1 at once4 ,science perishes by systems that are nothing but beliefs2 and ,faith succumbs to reasoning4 ,for the two ,columns of the ,temple to uphold the edifice1 they must remain separated and be parallel to each other4 ,as soon as it is attempted by violence to bring them together1 as ,samson did1 they are overturned1 and the whole edifice falls upon the head of the rash blind man or the revolutionist whose personal or national resentments have in advance devoted to death4 ,harmony is the result of an alternating preponderance of forces4 ,whenever this is wanting in government1 government is a failure1 because it is either ,despotism or ,anarchy4 ,all theoretical governments1 however plausible the theory1 end in one or the other4 ,governments that are to endure are not made in the closet of ,locke or ,shaftesbury1 or in a ,congress or a ,convention4 ,in a ,republic1 forces that seem contraries1 that indeed are contraries1 alone give movement and life4 ,the ,spheres are held in their orbits and made to revolve harmoniously and unerringly1 by the concurrence1 which seems to be the opposition1 of two contrary forces4 ,if the centripetal force should overcome the centrifugal and the equilibrium of forces cease1 the rush of the ,spheres to the ,central ,sun would annihilate the system4 ,instead of consolidation the whole would be shattered into fragments4 ,man is a free agent1 though ,omnipotence is above and all around him4 ,to be free to do good1 he must be free to do evil4 ,the ,light necessitates the ,shadow4 ,a ,state is free like an individual in any government worthy of the name4 ,the ,state is less potent than the ,deity1 and therefore the freedom of the individual citizen is consistent with its ,sovereignty4 ,these are opposites1 but not antagonistic4 ,so1 in a union of ,states1 the freedom of the ,states is consistent with the ,supremacy of the ,nation4 ,when either obtains the permanent mastery over the other1 and they cease to be in equilibrio1 the encroachment continues with a velocity that is accelerated like that of a falling body1 until the feebler is annihilated1 and then1 there being no resistance to support the stronger1 it rushes into ruin4 ,so1 when the equipoise of ,reason and ,faith1 in the individual or the ,nation1 and the alternating preponderance cease1 the result is1 according as one or the other is permanent victor1 ,atheism or ,superstition1 disbelief or blind credulity2 and the ,priests either of ,unfaith or of ,faith become despotic4 ,whomsoever ,god loveth1 him he chasteneth1 is an expression that formulates a whole dogma4 ,the trials of life are the blessings of life1 to the individual or the ,nation1 if either has a ,soul that is truly worthy of salvation4 ,light and darkness1 said ,,zoroaster1 are the world's eternal ways4 ,the ,light and the ,shadow are everywhere and always in proportion2 the ,light being the reason of being of the ,shadow4 ,it is by trials only1 by the agonies of sorrow and the sharp discipline of adversities1 that men and ,nations attain initiation4 ,the agonies of the garden of ,gethsemane and those of the ,cross on ,calvary preceded the ,resurrection and were the means of ,redemption4 ,it is with prosperity that ,god afflicts ,humanity4 ,the ,degree of ,rose is devoted to and symbolizes the final triumph of truth over falsehood1 of liberty over slavery1 of light over darkness1 of life over death1 and of good over evil4 ,the great truth it inculcates is1 that notwithstanding the existence of ,evil1 ,god is infinitely wise1 just1 and good3 that though the affairs of the world proceed by no rule of right and wrong known to us the narrowness of our views1 yet all is right1 for it is the work of ,god2 and all evils1 all miseries1 all misfortunes1 are but as drops in the vast current that is sweeping onward1 guided by ,him1 to a great and magnificent result3 that1 at the appointed time1 ,he will redeem and regenerate the world1 and the ,principle1 the ,power and the existence of ,evil will then cease2 that this will be brought about by such means and instruments as ,he chooses to employ2 whether by the merits of a ,redeemer that has already appeared or a ,messiah that is yet waited for1 by an incarnation of ,himself or by an inspired prophet1 it does not belong to us as ,masons to decide4 ,let each judge and believe for himself4 ,in the mean time1 we labor to hasten the coming of that day4 ,the morals of antiquity1 of the law of ,moses and of ,christianity1 are ours4 ,we recognize every teacher of ,morality1 every ,reformer1 as a brother in this great work4 ,the ,eagle is to us the symbol of ,liberty1 the ,compasses of ,equality1 the ,pelican of ,humanity1 and our order of ,fraternity4 ,laboring for these1 with ,faith1 ,hope1 and ,charity as our armor1 we will wait with patience for the final triumph of ,good and the complete manifestation of the ,word of ,god4 ,no one ,mason has the right to measure for another1 within the walls of a ,masonic ,temple1 the degree of veneration which he shall feel for any ,reformer1 or the ,founder of any ,religion4 ,we teach a belief in no particular creed1 as we teach unbelief in none4 ,whatever higher attributes the ,founder of the ,christian ,faith may1 in our belief1 have had or not have had1 none can deny that ,he taught and practised a pure and elevated morality1 even at the risk and to the ultimate loss of ,his life4 ,he was not only the benefactor of a disinherited people1 but a model for mankind4 ,devotedly ,he loved the children of ,israel4 ,to them ,he came1 and to them alone ,he preached that ,gospel which ,his disciples afterward carried among foreigners4 ,he would fain have freed the chosen ,people from their spiritual bondage of ignorance and degradation4 ,as a lover of all mankind1 laying down ,his life for the emancipation of ,his ,brethren1 ,he should be to all1 to ,christian1 to ,jew1 and to ,mahometan1 an object of gratitude and veneration4 ,the ,roman world felt the pangs of approaching dissolution4 ,paganism1 its ,temples shattered by ,socrates and ,cicero1 had spoken its last word4 ,the ,god of the ,hebrews was unknown beyond the limits of ,palestine4 ,the old religions had failed to give happiness and peace to the world4 ,the babbling and wrangling philosophers had confounded all men's ideas1 until they doubted of everything and had faith in nothing3 neither in ,god nor in his goodness and mercy1 nor in the virtue of man1 nor in themselves4 ,mankind was divided into two great classes1--the master and the slave2 the powerful and the abject1 the high and the low1 the tyrants and the mob2 and even the former were satiated with the servility of the latter1 sunken by lassitude and despair to the lowest depths of degradation4 ,when1 lo1 a voice1 in the inconsiderable ,roman ,province of ,judea proclaims a new ,gospel--a new ,god's ,word1 to crushed1 suffering1 bleeding humanity4 ,liberty of ,thought1 ,equality of all men in the eye of ,god1 universal ,fraternity6 a new doctrine1 a new religion2 the old ,primitive ,truth uttered once again6 ,man is once more taught to look upward to his ,god4 ,no longer to a ,god hid in impenetrable mystery1 and infinitely remote from human sympathy1 emerging only at intervals from the darkness to smite and crush humanity3 but a ,god1 good1 kind1 beneficent1 and merciful3 a ,father1 loving the creatures ,he has made1 with a love immeasureable and exhaustless2 ,who feels for us1 and sympathizes with us1 and sends us pain and want and disaster only that they may serve to develop in us the virtues and excellences that befit us to live with ,him hereafter4 ,jesus of ,nazareth1 the ,son of man1 is the expounder of the new ,law of ,love4 ,he calls to ,him the humble1 the poor1 the ,pariahs of the world4 ,the first sentence that ,he pronounces blesses the world1 and announces the new gospel3 ,blessed are they that mourn for they shall be comforted4 ,he pours the oil of consolation and peace upon every crushed and bleeding heart4 ,every sufferer is ,his proselyte4 ,he shares their sorrows1 and sympathizes with all their afflictions4 ,he raises up the sinner and the ,samaritan woman1 and teaches them to hope for forgiveness4 ,he pardons the woman taken in adultery4 ,he selects his disciples not among the ,pharisees or the ,philosophers1 but among the low and humble1 even of the fishermen of ,galilee4 ,he heals the sick and feeds the poor4 ,he lives among the destitute and the friendless4 ,suffer little children1 ,he said1 to come unto me2 for of such is the kingdom of ,heaven6 ,blessed are the humble-minded1 for theirs is the kingdom of ,heaven2 the meek1 for they shall inherit the ,earth2 the merciful1 for they shall obtain mercy2 the pure in heart1 for they shall see ,god2 the peace-makers1 for they shall be called the children of ,god6 ,first be reconciled to they brother1 and then come and offer thy gift at the altar4 ,give to him that asketh thee1 and from him that would borrow of thee turn not away6 ,love your enemies2 bless them that curse you2 do good to them that hate you2 and pray for them which despitefully use you and persecute you6 ,all things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you1 do ye also unto them2 for this is the law and the ,prophets6 ,he that taketh not his cross1 and followeth after ,me1 is not worthy of ,me4 ,a new commandment ,i give unto you1 that ye love one another3 as ,i have loved you1 that ye also love one another3 by this shall all know that ye are ,my disciples4 ,greater love hath no man than this1 that a man lay down his life for his friend4 ,the ,gospel of ,love ,he sealed with ,his life4 ,the cruelty of the ,jewish ,priesthood1 the ignorant ferocity of the mob1 and the ,roman indifference to barbarian blood1 nailed ,him to the cross1 and ,he expired uttering blessings upon humanity4 ,dying thus1 ,he bequeathed ,his teachings to man as an inestimable inheritance4 ,perverted and corrupted1 they have served as a basis for many creeds1 and been even made the warrant for intolerance and persecution4 ,we here teach them in their purity4 ,they are our ,masonry2 for to them good men of all creeds can subscribe4 ,that ,god is good and merciful1 and loves and sympathizes with the creatures ,he has made2 that ,his finger is visible in all the movements of the moral1 intellectual1 and material universe2 that we are ,his children1 the objects of ,his paternal care and regard2 that all men are our brothers1 whose wants we are to supply1 their errors to pardon1 their opinions to tolerate1 their injuries to forgive2 that man has an immortal soul1 a free will1 a right to freedom of thought and action2 that all men are equal in ,god's sight2 that we best serve ,god by humility1 meekness1 gentleness1 kindness1 and the other virtues which the lowly can practise as well as the lofty2 this is the new ,law1 the ,,word1 for which the world had waited and pined so long2 and every true ,knight of the ,rose will revere the memory of ,him who taught it1 and look indulgently even on those who assign to ,him a character far above his own conceptions or belief1 even to the extent of deeming ,him ,divine4 ,hear ,philo1 the ,greek ,jew4 ,the contemplative soul1 unequally guided1 sometimes toward abundance and sometimes toward barrenness1 though ever advancing1 is illuminated by the primitive ideas1 the rays that emanate from the ,divine ,intelligence1 whenever it ascends toward the ,sublime ,treasures4 ,when1 on the contrary1 it descends1 and is barren1 it falls within the domain of those ,intelligences that are termed ,angels 444 for1 when the soul is deprived of the light of ,god1 which leads it to the knowledge of things1 it no longer enjoys more than a feeble and secondary light1 which gives it1 not the understanding of things1 but that of words only1 as in this baser world4444 444 ,let the narrow-souled withdraw1 having their ears sealed up6 ,we communicate the divine mysteries to those only who have received the sacred initiation1 to those who practise true piety1 and who are not enslaved by the empty pomp of words1 or the doctrines of the pagans4444 444 ,o1 ye ,initiates1 ye whose ears are purified1 receive this in your souls1 as a mystery never to be lost6 ,reveal it to no ,profane6 ,keep and contain it within yourselves1 as an incorruptible treasure1 not like gold or silver1 but more precious than everything besides2 for it is the knowledge of the ,great ,cause1 of ,nature1 and of that which is born of both4 ,and if you meet an ,initiate1 besiege him with your prayers1 that he conceal from you no new mysteries that he may know1 and rest not until you have obtained them6 ,for me1 although ,i was initiated in the ,great ,mysteries by ,moses1 the ,friend of ,god1 yet1 having seen ,jeremiah1 ,i recognized him not only as an ,initiate1 but as a ,hierophant2 and ,i follow his school4 ,we1 like him1 recognize all ,initiates as our ,brothers4 ,we belong to no one creed or school4 ,in all religions there is a basis of ,truth2 in all there is pure ,morality4 ,all that teach the cardinal tenets of ,masonry we respect2 all teachers and reformers of mankind we admire and revere4 ,masonry also has her mission to perform4 ,with her traditions reaching back to the earliest times1 and her symbols dating further back than even the monumental history of ,egypt extends1 she invites all men of all religions to enlist under her banners and to war against evil1 ignorance1 and wrong4 ,you are now her knight1 and to her service your sword is consecrated4 ,may you prove a worthy soldier in a worthy cause6 ,,morals ,,and ,,dogma4 ,,council ,,of ,,kadosh4 ,,xix4 ,,grand ,,pontiff4 ,the true ,mason labors for the benefit of those who are to come after him1 and for the advancement and improvement of his race4 ,that is a poor ambition which contents itself within the limits of a single life4 ,all men who deserve to live1 desire to survive their funerals1 and to live afterward in the good that they have done mankind1 rather than in the fading characters written in men's memories4 ,most men desire to leave some work behind them that may outlast their own day and brief generation4 ,that is an instinctive impulse1 given by ,god1 and often found in the rudest human heart2 the surest proof of the soul's immortality1 and of the fundamental difference between man and the wisest brutes4 ,to plant the trees that1 after we are dead1 shall shelter our children1 is as natural as to love the shade of those our fathers planted4 ,the rudest unlettered husbandman1 painfully conscious of his own inferiority1 the poorest widowed mother1 giving her life-blood to those who pay only for the work of her needle1 will toil and stint themselves to educate their child1 that he may take a higher station in the world than they2--and of such are the world's greatest benefactors4 ,in his influences that survive him1 man becomes immortal1 before the general resurrection4 ,the ,spartan mother1 who1 giving her son his shield1 said1 ,,with ,,it1 ,,or ,,upon ,,it6 afterward shared the government of ,lacedmon with the legislation of ,lycurgus2 for she too made a law1 that lived after her2 and she inspired the ,spartan soldiery that afterward demolished the walls of ,athens1 and aided ,alexander to conquer the ,orient4 ,the widow who gave ,marion the fiery arrows to burn her own house1 that it might no longer shelter the enemies of her infant country1 the house where she had lain upon her husband's bosom1 and where her children had been born1 legislated more effectually for her ,state than ,locke or ,shaftesbury1 or than many a ,legislature has done1 since that ,state won its freedom4 ,it was of slight importance to the ,kings of ,egypt and the ,monarchs of ,assyria and ,phnicia1 that the son of a ,jewish woman1 a foundling1 adopted by the daughter of ,sesostris ,ramses1 slew an ,egyptian that oppressed a ,hebrew slave1 and fled into the desert1 to remain there forty years4 ,but ,moses1 who might otherwise have become ,regent of ,lower ,egypt1 known to us only by a tablet on a tomb or monument1 became the deliverer of the ,jews1 and led them forth from ,egypt to the frontiers of ,palestine1 and made for them a law1 out of which grew the ,christian faith2 and so has shaped the destinies of the world4 ,he and the old ,roman lawyers1 with ,alfred of ,england1 the ,saxon ,thanes and ,norman ,barons1 the old judges and chancellors1 and the makers of the canons1 lost in the mists and shadows of the ,past1--these are our legislators2 and we obey the laws that they enacted4 ,napoleon died upon the barren rock of his exile4 ,his bones1 borne to ,france by the son of a ,king1 rest in the ,hpital des ,invalides1 in the great city on the ,seine4 ,his ,thoughts still govern ,france4 ,he1 and not the ,people1 dethroned the ,bourbon1 and drove the last ,king of the ,house of ,orleans into exile4 ,he1 in his coffin1 and not the ,people1 voted the crown to the ,third ,napoleon2 and he1 and not the ,generals of ,france and ,england1 led their united forces against the grim ,northern ,despotism4 ,mahomet announced to the ,arabian idolaters the new creed1 ,there is but one ,god1 and ,mahomet1 like ,moses and ,christ1 is ,his ,apostle4 ,for many years unaided1 then with the help of his family and a few friends1 then with many disciples1 and last of all with an army1 he taught and preached the ,koran4 ,the religion of the wild ,arabian enthusiast converting the fiery ,tribes of the ,great ,desert1 spread over ,asia1 built up the ,saracenic dynasties1 conquered ,persia and ,india1 the ,greek ,empire1 ,northern ,africa1 and ,spain1 and dashed the surges of its fierce soldiery against the battlements of ,northern ,christendom4 ,the law of ,mahomet still governs a fourth of the human race2 and ,turk and ,arab1 ,moor and ,persian and ,hindu1 still obey the ,prophet1 and pray with their faces turned toward ,mecca2 and he1 and not the living1 rules and reigns in the fairest portions of the ,orient4 ,confucius still enacts the law for ,china2 and the thoughts and ideas of ,peter the ,great govern ,russia4 ,plato and the other great ,sages of ,antiquity still reign as the ,kings of ,philosophy1 and have dominion over the human intellect4 ,the great ,statesmen of the ,past still preside in the ,councils of ,nations4 ,burke still lingers in the ,house of ,commons2 and ,berryer's sonorous tones will long ring in the ,legislative ,chambers of ,france4 ,the influences of ,webster and ,calhoun1 conflicting1 rent asunder the ,american ,states1 and the doctrine of each is the law and the oracle speaking from the ,holy of ,holies for his own ,state and all consociated with it3 a faith preached and proclaimed by each at the cannon's mouth and consecrated by rivers of blood4 ,it has been well said1 that when ,tamerlane had builded his pyramid of fifty thousand human skulls1 and wheeled away with his vast armies from the gates of ,damascus1 to find new conquests1 and build other pyramids1 a little boy was playing in the streets of ,mentz1 son of a poor artisan1 whose apparent importance in the scale of beings was1 compared with that of ,tamerlane1 as that of a grain of sand to the giant bulk of the earth2 but ,tamerlane and all his shaggy legions1 that swept over the ,east like a hurricane1 have passed away1 and become shadows2 while printing1 the wonderful invention of ,john ,faust1 the boy of ,mentz1 has exerted a greater influence on man's destinies and overturned more thrones and dynasties than all the victories of all the blood-stained conquerors from ,nimrod to ,napoleon4 ,long ages ago1 the ,temple built by ,solomon and our ,ancient ,brethren sank into ruin1 when the ,assyrian ,armies sacked ,jerusalem4 ,the ,holy ,city is a mass of hovels cowering under the dominion of the ,crescent2 and the ,holy ,land is a desert4 ,the ,kings of ,egypt and ,assyria1 who were contemporaries of ,solomon1 are forgotten1 and their histories mere fables4 ,the ,ancient ,orient is a shattered wreck1 bleaching on the shores of ,time4 ,the ,wolf and the ,jackal howl among the ruins of ,thebes and of ,tyre1 and the sculptured images of the ,temples and ,palaces of ,babylon and ,nineveh are dug from their ruins and carried into strange lands4 ,but the quiet and peaceful ,order1 of which the ,son of a poor ,phnician ,widow was one of the ,grand ,masters1 with the ,kings of ,israel and ,tyre1 has continued to increase in stature and influence1 defying the angry waves of time and the storms of persecution4 ,age has not weakened its wide foundations nor shattered its columns1 nor marred the beauty of its harmonious proportions4 ,where rude barbarians1 in the time of ,solomon1 peopled inhospitable howling wildernesses1 in ,france and ,britain1 and in that ,new ,world1 not known to ,jew or ,gentile1 until the glories of the ,orient had faded1 that ,order has builded new ,temples1 and teaches to its millions of ,initiates those lessons of peace1 good-will1 and toleration1 of reliance on ,god and confidence in man1 which it learned when ,hebrew and ,giblemite worked side by side on the slopes of ,lebanon1 and the ,servant of ,jehovah and the ,phnician ,worshipper of ,bel sat with the humble artisan in ,council at ,jerusalem4 ,it is the ,dead that govern4 ,the ,living only obey4 ,and if the ,soul sees1 after death1 what passes on this earth1 and watches over the welfare of those it loves1 then must its greatest happiness consist in seeing the current of its beneficent influences widening out from age to age1 as rivulets widen into rivers1 and aiding to shape the destinies of individuals1 families1 ,states1 the ,world2 and its bitterest punishment1 in seeing its evil influences causing mischief and misery1 and cursing and afflicting men1 long after the frame it dwelt in has become dust1 and when both name and memory are forgotten4 ,we know not who among the ,dead control our destinies4 ,the universal human race is linked and bound together by those influences and sympathies1 which in the truest sense do make men's fates4 ,humanity is the unit1 of which the man is but a fraction4 ,what other men in the ,past have done1 said1 thought1 makes the great iron network of circumstance that environs and controls us all4 ,we take our faith on trust4 ,we think and believe as the ,old ,lords of ,thought command us2 and ,reason is powerless before ,authority4 ,we would make or annul a particular contract2 but the ,thoughts of the dead ,judges of ,england1 living when their ashes have been cold for centuries1 stand between us and that which we would do1 and utterly forbid it4 ,we would settle our estate in a particular way2 but the prohibition of the ,english ,parliament1 its uttered ,thought when the first or second ,edward reigned1 comes echoing down the long avenues of time1 and tells us we shall not exercise the power of disposition as we wish4 ,we would gain a particular advantage of another2 and the thought of the old ,roman lawyer who died before ,justinian1 or that of ,rome's great orator ,cicero1 annihilates the act1 or makes the intention ineffectual4 ,this act1 ,moses forbids2 that1 ,alfred4 ,we would sell our land2 but certain marks on a perishable paper tell us that our father or remote ancestor ordered otherwise2 and the arm of the dead1 emerging from the grave1 with peremptory gesture prohibits the alienation4 ,about to sin or err1 the thought or wish of our dead mother1 told us when we were children1 by words that died upon the air in the utterance1 and many a long year were forgotten1 flashes on our memory1 and holds us back with a power that is resistless4 ,thus we obey the dead2 and thus shall the living1 when we are dead1 for weal or woe1 obey us4 ,the ,thoughts of the ,past are the ,laws of the ,present and the ,future4 ,that which we say and do if its effects last not beyond our lives1 is unimportant4 ,that which shall live when we are dead1 as part of the great body of law enacted by the dead1 is the only act worth doing1 the only ,thought worth speaking4 ,the desire to do something that shall benefit the world1 when neither praise nor obloquy will reach us where we sleep soundly in the grave1 is the noblest ambition entertained by man4 ,it is the ambition of a true and genuine ,mason4 ,knowing the slow processes by which the ,deity brings about great results1 he does not expect to reap as well as sow1 in a single lifetime4 ,it is the inflexible fate and noblest destiny1 with rare exceptions1 of the great and good1 to work1 and let others reap the harvest of their labors4 ,he who does good1 only to be repaid in kind1 or in thanks and gratitude1 or in reputation and the world's praise1 is like him who loans his money1 that he may1 after certain months1 receive it back with interest4 ,to be repaid for eminent services with slander1 obloquy1 or ridicule1 or at best with stupid indifference or cold ingratitude1 as it is common1 so it is no misfortune1 except to those who lack the wit to see or sense to appreciate the service1 or the nobility of soul to thank and reward with eulogy1 the benefactor of his kind4 ,his influences live1 and the great ,future will obey2 whether it recognize or disown the lawgiver4 ,miltiades was fortunate that he was exiled2 and ,aristides that he was ostracized1 because men wearied of hearing him called ,the ,just4 ,not the ,redeemer was unfortunate2 but those only who repaid ,him for the inestimable gift ,he offered them1 and for a life passed in toiling for their good1 by nailing ,him upon the cross1 as though ,he had been a slave or malefactor4 ,the persecutor dies and rots1 and ,posterity utters his name with execration1 but his victim's memory he has unintentionally made glorious and immortal4 ,if not for slander and persecution1 the ,mason who would benefit his race must look for apathy and cold indifference in those whose good he seeks1 in those who ought to seek the good of others4 ,except when the sluggish depths of the ,human ,mind are broken up and tossed as with a storm1 when at the appointed time a great ,reformer comes1 and a new ,faith springs up and grows with supernatural energy1 the progress of ,truth is slower than the growth of oaks2 and he who plants need not expect to gather4 ,the ,redeemer1 at ,his death1 had twelve disciples1 and one betrayed and one deserted and denied ,him4 ,it is enough for us to know that the fruit will come in its due season4 ,when1 or who shall gather it1 it does not in the least concern us to know4 ,it is our business to plant the seed4 ,it is ,god's right to give the fruit to whom ,he pleases2 and if not to us1 then is our action by so much the more noble4 ,to sow1 that others may reap2 to work and plant for those who are to occupy the earth when we are dead2 to project our influences far into the future1 and live beyond our time2 to rule as the ,kings of ,thought1 over men who are yet unborn2 to bless with the glorious gifts of ,truth and ,light and ,liberty those who will neither know the name of the giver1 nor care in what grave his unregarded ashes repose1 is the true office of a ,mason and the proudest destiny of a man4 ,all the great and beneficent operations of ,nature are produced by slow and often imperceptible degrees4 ,the work of destruction and devastation only is violent and rapid4 ,the ,volcano and the ,earthquake1 the ,tornado and the ,avalanche1 leap suddenly into full life and fearful energy1 and smite with an unexpected blow4 ,vesuvius buried ,pompeii and ,herculaneum in a night2 and ,lisbon fell prostrate before ,god in a breath1 when the earth rocked and shuddered2 the ,alpine village vanishes and is erased at one bound of the avalanche2 and the ancient forests fall like grass before the mower1 when the tornado leaps upon them4 ,pestilence slays its thousands in a day2 and the storm in a night strews the sand with shattered navies4 ,the ,gourd of the ,prophet ,jonah grew up1 and was withered1 in a night4 ,but many years ago1 before the ,norman ,conqueror stamped his mailed foot on the neck of prostrate ,saxon ,england1 some wandering barbarian1 of the continent then unknown to the world1 in mere idleness1 with hand or foot1 covered an acorn with a little earth1 and passed on regardless1 on his journey to the dim ,past4 ,he died and was forgotten2 but the acorn lay there still1 the mighty force within it acting in the darkness4 ,a tender shoot stole gently up2 and fed by the light and air and frequent dews put forth its little leaves1 and lived1 because the elk or buffalo chanced not to place his foot upon and crush it4 ,the years marched onward1 and the shoot became a sapling1 and its green leaves went and came with ,spring and ,autumn4 ,and still the years came and passed away again1 and ,william1 the ,norman ,bastard1 parcelled ,england out among his ,barons1 and still the sapling grew1 and the dews fed its leaves1 and the birds builded their nests among its small limbs for many generations4 ,and still the years came and went1 and the ,indian hunter slept in the shade of the sapling1 and ,richard ,lion-,heart fought at ,acre and ,ascalon1 and ,john's bold ,barons wrested from him the ,great ,charter2 and lo6 the sapling had become a tree2 and still it grew1 and thrust its great arms wider abroad1 and lifted its head still higher toward the ,heavens2 strong-rooted1 and defiant of the storms that roared and eddied through its branches2 and when ,columbus ploughed with his keels the unknown ,western ,atlantic1 and ,cortez and ,pizarro bathed the cross in blood2 and the ,puritan1 the ,huguenot1 the ,cavalier1 and the follower of ,penn sought a refuge and a resting-place beyond the ocean1 the ,great ,oak still stood1 firm-rooted1 vigorous1 stately1 haughtily domineering over all the forest1 heedless of all the centuries that had hurried past since the wild ,indian planted the little acorn in the forest2--a stout and hale old tree1 with wide circumference shading many a rood of ground2 and fit to furnish timbers for a ship1 to carry the thunders of the ,great ,republic's guns around the world4 ,and yet1 if one had sat and watched it every instant1 from the moment when the feeble shoot first pushed its way to the light until the eagles built among its branches1 he would never have seen the tree or sapling grow4 ,many long centuries ago1 before the ,chaldan ,shepherds watched the ,stars1 or ,shufu built the ,pyramids1 one could have sailed in a seventy-four where now a thousand islands gem the surface of the ,indian ,ocean2 and the deep-sea lead would nowhere have found any bottom4 ,but below these waves were myriads upon myriads1 beyond the power of ,arithmetic to number1 of minute existences1 each a perfect living creature1 made by the ,almighty ,creator1 and fashioned by ,him for the work it had to do4 ,there they toiled beneath the waters1 each doing its allotted work1 and wholly ignorant of the result which ,god intended4 ,they lived and died1 incalculable in numbers and almost infinite in the succession of their generations1 each adding his mite to the gigantic work that went on there under ,god's direction4 ,thus hath ,he chosen to create great ,continents and ,islands2 and still the coral-insects live and work1 as when they made the rocks that underlie the valley of the ,ohio4 ,thus ,god hath chosen to create4 ,where now is firm land1 once chafed and thundered the great primeval ocean4 ,for ages upon ages the minute shields of infinite myriads of infusoria1 and the stony stems of encrinites sunk into its depths1 and there1 under the vast pressure of its waters1 hardened into limestone4 ,raised slowly from the ,profound by ,his hand1 its quarries underlie the soil of all the continents1 hundreds of feet in thickness2 and we1 of these remains of the countless dead1 build tombs and palaces1 as the ,egyptians1 whom we call ancient1 built their pyramids4 ,on all the broad lakes and oceans the ,great ,sun looks earnestly and lovingly1 and the invisible vapors rise ever up to meet him4 ,no eye but ,god's beholds them as they rise4 ,there1 in the upper atmosphere1 they are condensed to mist1 and gather into clouds1 and float and swim around in the ambient air4 ,they sail with its currents1 and hover over the ocean1 and roll in huge masses round the stony shoulders of great mountains4 ,condensed still more by change of temperature1 they drop upon the thirsty earth in gentle showers1 or pour upon it in heavy rains1 or storm against its bosom at the angry ,equinoctial4 ,the shower1 the rain1 and the storm pass away1 the clouds vanish1 and the bright stars again shine clearly upon the glad earth4 ,the rain-drops sink into the ground1 and gather in subterranean reservoirs1 and run in subterranean channels1 and bubble up in springs and fountains2 and from the mountain-sides and heads of valleys the silver threads of water begin their long journey to the ocean4 ,uniting1 they widen into brooks and rivulets1 then into streams and rivers2 and1 at last1 a ,nile1 a ,ganges1 a ,danube1 an ,amazon1 or a ,mississippi rolls between its banks1 mighty1 majestic1 and resistless1 creating vast alluvial valleys to be the granaries of the world1 ploughed by the thousand keels of commerce and serving as great highways1 and as the impassable boundaries of rival nations2 ever returning to the ocean the drops that rose from it in vapor1 and descended in rain and snow and hail upon the level plains and lofty mountains2 and causing him to recoil for many a mile before the headlong rush of their great tide4 ,so it is with the aggregate of ,human endeavor4 ,as the invisible particles of vapor combine and coalesce to form the mists and clouds that fall in rain on thirsty continents1 and bless the great green forests and wide grassy prairies1 the waving meadows and the fields by which men live2 as the infinite myriads of drops that the glad earth drinks are gathered into springs and rivulets and rivers1 to aid in levelling the mountains and elevating the plains and to feed the large lakes and restless oceans2 so all ,human ,thought1 and ,speech and ,action1 all that is done and said and thought and suffered upon the ,earth combine together1 and flow onward in one broad resistless current toward those great results to which they are determined by the will of ,god4 ,we build slowly and destroy swiftly4 ,our ,ancient ,brethren who built the ,temples at ,jerusalem1 with many myriad blows felled1 hewed1 and squared the cedars1 and quarried the stones1 and carved the intricate ornaments1 which were to be the ,temples4 ,stone after stone1 by the combined effort and long toil of ,apprentice1 ,fellow-,craft1 and ,master1 the walls arose2 slowly the roof was framed and fashioned2 and many years elapsed before1 at length1 the ,houses stood finished1 all fit and ready for the ,worship of ,god1 gorgeous in the sunny splendors of the atmosphere of ,palestine4 ,so they were built4 ,a single motion of the arm of a rude1 barbarous ,assyrian ,spearman1 or drunken ,roman or ,gothic ,legionary of ,titus1 moved by a senseless impulse of the brutal will1 flung in the blazing brand2 and1 with no further human agency1 a few short hours sufficed to consume and melt each ,temple to a smoking mass of black unsightly ruin4 ,be patient1 therefore1 my ,brother1 and wait6 ,the issues are with ,god3 ,to do1 ,of right belongs to us4 ,therefore faint not1 nor be weary in well-doing6 ,be not discouraged at men's apathy1 nor disgusted with their follies1 nor tired of their indifference6 ,care not for returns and results2 but see only what there is to do1 and do it1 leaving the results to ,god6 ,soldier of the ,cross6 ,sworn ,knight of ,justice1 ,truth1 and ,toleration6 ,good ,knight and ,true6 be patient and work6 ,the ,apocalypse1 that sublime ,kabalistic and prophetic ,summary of all the occult figures1 divides its images into three ,septenaries1 after each of which there is silence in ,heaven4 ,there are ,seven ,seals to be opened1 that is to say1 ,seven mysteries to know1 and ,seven difficulties to overcome1 ,seven trumpets to sound1 and ,seven cups to empty4 ,the ,apocalypse is1 to those who receive the nineteenth ,degree1 the ,apotheosis of that ,sublime ,faith which aspires to ,god alone1 and despises all the pomps and works of ,lucifer4 ,,lucifer1 the ,light-bearer6 ,strange and mysterious name to give to the ,spirit of ,darkness6 ,lucifer1 the ,son of the ,morning6 ,is it he who bears the ,light1 and with its splendors intolerable blinds feeble1 sensual1 or selfish ,souls8 ,doubt it not6 for traditions are full of ,divine ,revelations and ,inspirations3 and ,inspiration is not of one ,age nor of one ,creed4 ,plato and ,philo1 also1 were inspired4 ,the ,apocalypse1 indeed1 is a book as obscure as the ,sohar4 ,it is written hieroglyphically with numbers and images2 and the ,apostle often appeals to the intelligence of the ,initiated4 ,let him who hath knowledge1 understand6 let him who understands1 calculate6 he often says1 after an allegory or the mention of a number4 ,saint ,john1 the favorite ,apostle1 and the ,depositary of all the ,secrets of the ,saviour1 therefore did not write to be understood by the multitude4 ,the ,sephar ,yezirah1 the ,sohar1 and the ,apocalypse are the completest embodiments of ,occultism4 ,they contain more meanings than words2 their expressions are figurative as poetry and exact as numbers4 ,the ,apocalypse sums up1 completes1 and surpasses all the ,science of ,abraham and of ,solomon4 ,the visions of ,ezekiel1 by the river ,chebar1 and of the new ,symbolic ,temple1 are equally mysterious expressions1 veiled by figures of the enigmatic dogmas of the ,kabalah1 and their symbols are as little understood by the ,commentators1 as those of ,free ,masonry4 ,the ,septenary is the ,crown of the ,numbers1 because it unites the ,triangle of the ,idea to the ,square of the ,form4 ,the more the great ,hierophants were at pains to conceal their absolute ,science1 the more they sought to add grandeur to and multiply its symbols4 ,the huge pyramids1 with their triangular sides of elevation and square bases1 represented their ,metaphysics1 founded upon the knowledge of ,nature4 ,that knowledge of ,nature had for its symbolic key the gigantic form of that huge ,sphinx1 which has hollowed its deep bed in the sand1 while keeping watch at the feet of the ,pyramids4 ,the ,seven grand monuments called the ,wonders of the ,world1 were the magnificent ,commentaries on the ,seven lines that composed the ,pyramids1 and on the ,seven mystic gates of ,thebes4 ,the ,septenary philosophy of ,initiation among the ,ancients may be summed up thus3 ,three ,absolute ,principles which are but ,one ,principle3 four elementary forms which are but one2 all forming a ,single ,whole1 compounded of the ,idea and the ,form4 ,the three ,principles were these3 #a4 ,,being ,,is ,,being4 ,in ,philosophy1 identity of the ,idea and of ,being or ,verity2 in ,religion1 the first ,principle1 ,,the ,,father4 #b4 ,,being ,,is ,,real4 ,in ,philosophy1 identity of ,knowing and of ,being or ,reality2 in ,religion1 the ,,locos of ,plato1 the ,demiourgos1 the ,,word4 #c4 ,,being ,,is ,,logic4 ,in ,philosophy1 identity of the ,reason and ,reality2 in ,religion1 ,providence1 the ,divine ,action that makes real the ,good1 that which in ,christianity we call ,,the ,,holy ,,spirit4 ,the union of all the ,seven colors is the ,white1 the analogous symbol of the ,,good3 the absence of all is the ,black1 the analogous symbol of the ,,evil4 ,there are three primary colors1 ,red1 ,yellow1 and ,blue2 and four secondary1 ,orange1 ,green1 ,indigo1 and ,violet2 and all these ,god displays to man in the rainbow2 and they have their analogies also in the moral and intellectual world4 ,the same number1 ,seven1 continually reappears in the ,apocalypse1 compounded of three and four2 and these numbers relate to the last ,seven of the ,sephiroth1 three answering to ,,benignity or ,,mercy1 ,,severity or ,,justice1 and ,,beauty or ,,harmony2 and four to ,netzach1 ,hd1 ,yesd1 and ,malakoth1 ,,victory1 ,,glory1 ,,stability1 and ,,domination4 ,the same numbers also represent the first three ,sephiroth1 ,,kether1 ,,khokmah1 and ,,bainah1 or ,will1 ,wisdom1 and ,understanding1 which1 with ,,daath or ,intellection or ,thought1 are also four1 ,,daath not being regarded as a ,sephirah1 not as the ,deity acting1 or as a potency1 energy1 or attribute1 but as the ,divine ,action4 ,the ,sephiroth are commonly figured in the ,kabalah as constituting a human form1 the ,,adam ,,kadmon or ,,macrocosm4 ,thus arranged1 the universal law of ,equipoise is three times exemplified4 ,from that of the ,divine ,intellectual1 ,active1 ,masculine ,,energy1 and the ,passive ,,capacity to produce ,thought1 the action of ,,thinking results4 ,from that of ,,benignity and ,,severity1 ,,harmony flows2 and from that of ,,victory or an ,infinite overcoming1 and ,,glory1 which1 being ,infinite1 would seem to forbid the existence of obstacles or opposition1 results ,,stability or ,,permanence1 which is the perfect ,,dominion of the ,infinite ,,will4 ,the last nine ,sephiroth are included in1 at the same time that they have flowed forth from1 the first of all1 ,,kether1 or the ,,crown4 ,each also1 in succession flowed from1 and yet still remains included in1 the one preceding it4 ,the ,will of ,god includes ,his ,wisdom1 and ,his ,wisdom is ,his ,will specially developed and acting4 ,this ,wisdom is the ,,logos that creates1 mistaken and personified by ,simon ,magus and the succeeding ,gnostics4 ,by means of its utterance1 the letter ,y,d1 it creates the worlds1 first in the ,divine ,intellect as an ,idea1 which invested with form became the fabricated ,world1 the ,universe of material reality4 ,y,d and ,,he1 two letters of the ,ineffable ,name of the ,manifested ,deity1 represent the ,male and the ,female1 the ,active and the ,passive in ,equilibrium1 and the ,,vav completes the ,trinity and the ,triliteral ,name ,hebrew3 1 the ,divine ,triangle1 which with the repetition of the ,he becomes the ,tetragrammaton4 ,thus the ten ,sephiroth contain all the ,sacred ,numbers1 three1 five1 seven1 and nine1 and the perfect ,number ,ten1 and correspond with the ,tetractys of ,pythagoras4 ,,being ,,is ,,being1 ,hebrew3 1 ,ahayah ,asar ,ahayah4 ,this is the ,principle1 the ,,beginning4 ,in the ,beginning was1 that is to say1 ,,is1 ,,was1 and ,,will ,,be1 the ,,word1 that is to say1 the ,,reason that ,speaks4 6 ,the ,word is the reason of belief1 and in it also is the expression of the ,faith which makes ,science a living thing4 ,the ,word1 1 is the ,source of ,logic4 ,jesus is the ,word ,incarnate4 ,the accord of the ,reason with ,faith1 of ,knowledge with ,belief1 of ,authority with ,liberty1 has become in modern times the veritable enigma of the ,sphinx4 ,it is ,,wisdom that1 in the ,kabalistic ,books of the ,proverbs and ,ecclesiasticus1 is the ,creative ,agent of ,god4 ,elsewhere in the ,hebrew writings it is ,hebrew3 1 ,debar ,iahavah1 the ,word of ,god4 ,it is by ,his uttered ,word that ,god reveals ,himself to us2 not alone in the visible and invisible but intellectual creation1 but also in our convictions1 consciousness1 and instincts4 ,hence it is that certain beliefs are universal4 ,the conviction of all men that ,god is good led to a belief in a ,devil1 the fallen ,lucifer or ,light-bearer1 ,shaitan the ,adversary1 ,ahriman and ,tuphn1 as an attempt to explain the existence of ,evil1 and make it consistent with the ,infinite ,power1 ,wisdom1 and ,benevolence of ,god4 ,nothing surpasses and nothing equals1 as a ,summary of all the doctrines of the ,old ,world1 those brief words engraven by ,,hermes on a ,stone1 and known under the name of ,the ,tablet of ,emerald3 the ,unity of ,being and the ,unity of the ,harmonies1 ascending and descending1 the progressive and proportional scale of the ,word2 the immutable law of the ,equilibrium1 and the proportioned progress of the universal analogies2 the relation of the ,idea to the ,word1 giving the measure of the relation between the ,creator and the ,created1 the necessary mathematics of the ,infinite1 proved by the measures of a single corner of the ,finite2--all this is expressed by this single proposition of the ,great ,egyptian ,hierophant3 ,what is ,superior is as that which is ,inferior1 and what is ,below is as that which is ,above1 to form the ,marvels of the ,unity4 ,,xx4 ,,grand ,,master ,,of ,,all ,,symbolic ,,lodges4 ,the true ,mason is a practical ,philosopher1 who1 under religious emblems1 in all ages adopted by wisdom1 builds upon plans traced by nature and reason the moral edifice of knowledge4 ,he ought to find1 in the symmetrical relation of all the parts of this rational edifice1 the principle and rule of all his duties1 the source of all his pleasures4 ,he improves his moral nature1 becomes a better man1 and finds in the reunion of virtuous men1 assembled with pure views1 the means of multiplying his acts of beneficence4 ,masonry and ,philosophy1 without being one and the same thing1 have the same object1 and propose to themselves the same end1 the worship of the ,grand ,architect of the ,universe1 acquaintance and familiarity with the wonders of nature1 and the happiness of humanity attained by the constant practice of all the virtues4 ,as ,grand ,master of all ,symbolic ,lodges1 it is your especial duty to aid in restoring ,masonry to its primitive purity4 ,you have become an instructor4 ,masonry long wandered in error4 ,instead of improving1 it degenerated from its primitive simplicity1 and retrograded toward a system1 distorted by stupidity and ignorance1 which1 unable to construct a beautiful machine1 made a complicated one4 ,less than two hundred years ago1 its organization was simple1 and altogether moral1 its emblems1 allegories1 and ceremonies easy to be understood1 and their purpose and object readily to be seen4 ,it was then confined to a very small number of ,degrees4 ,its constitutions were like those of a ,society of ,essenes1 written in the first century of our era4 ,there could be seen the primitive ,christianity1 organized into ,masonry1 the school of ,pythagoras without incongruities or absurdities2 a ,masonry simple and significant1 in which it was not necessary to torture the mind to discover reasonable interpretations2 a ,masonry at once religious and philosophical1 worthy of a good citizen and an enlightened philanthropist4 ,innovators and inventors overturned that primitive simplicity4 ,ignorance engaged in the work of making ,degrees1 and trifles and gewgaws and pretended mysteries1 absurd or hideous1 usurped the place of ,masonic ,truth4 ,the picture of a horrid vengeance1 the poniard and the bloody head1 appeared in the peaceful ,temple of ,masonry1 without sufficient explanation of their symbolic meaning4 ,oaths out of all proportion with their object1 shocked the candidate1 and then became ridiculous1 and were wholly disregarded4 ,acolytes were exposed to tests1 and compelled to perform acts1 which1 if real1 would have been abominable2 but being mere chimeras1 were preposterous1 and excited contempt and laughter only4 ,eight hundred ,degrees of one kind and another were invented3 ,infidelity and even ,jesuitry were taught under the mask of ,masonry4 ,the rituals even of the respectable ,degrees1 copied and mutilated by ignorant men1 became nonsensical and trivial2 and the words so corrupted that it has hitherto been found impossible to recover many of them at all4 ,candidates were made to degrade themselves1 and to submit to insults not tolerable to a man of spirit and honor4 ,hence it was that1 practically1 the largest portion of the ,degrees claimed by the ,ancient and ,accepted ,scottish ,rite1 and before it by the ,rite of ,perfection1 fell into disuse1 were merely communicated1 and their rituals became jejune and insignificant4 ,these ,rites resembled those old palaces and baronial castles1 the different parts of which1 built at different periods remote from one another1 upon plans and according to tastes that greatly varied1 formed a discordant and incongruous whole4 ,judaism and chivalry1 superstition and philosophy1 philanthropy and insane hatred and longing for vengeance1 a pure morality and unjust and illegal revenge1 were found strangely mated and standing hand in hand within the ,temples of ,peace and ,concord2 and the whole system was one grotesque commingling of incongruous things1 of contrasts and contradictions1 of shocking and fantastic extravagances1 of parts repugnant to good taste1 and fine conceptions overlaid and disfigured by absurdities engendered by ignorance1 fanaticism1 and a senseless mysticism4 ,an empty and sterile pomp1 impossible indeed to be carried out1 and to which no meaning whatever was attached1 with far-fetched explanations that were either so many stupid platitudes or themselves needed an interpreter2 lofty titles1 arbitrarily assumed1 and to which the inventors had not condescended to attach any explanation that should acquit them of the folly of assuming temporal rank1 power1 and titles of nobility1 made the world laugh1 and the ,initiate feel ashamed4 ,some of these titles we retain2 but they have with us meanings entirely consistent with that ,spirit of ,equality which is the foundation and peremptory law of its being of all ,masonry4 ,the ,knight1 with us1 is he who devotes his hand1 his heart1 his brain1 to the ,science of ,masonry1 and professes himself the ,sworn ,soldier of ,truth3 the ,prince is he who aims to be ,chief ,princeps1 first1 leader1 among his equals1 in virtue and good deeds3 the ,sovereign is he who1 one of an order whose members are all ,sovereigns1 is ,supreme only because the law and constitutions are so1 which he administers1 and by which he1 like every other brother1 is governed4 ,the titles1 ,puissant1 ,potent1 ,wise1 and ,venerable1 indicate that power of ,virtue1 ,intelligence1 and ,wisdom1 which those ought to strive to attain who are placed in high office by the suffrages of their brethren3 and all our other titles and designations have an esoteric meaning1 consistent with modesty and equality1 and which those who receive them should fully understand4 ,as ,master of a ,lodge it is your duty to instruct your ,brethren that they are all so many constant lessons1 teaching the lofty qualifications which are required of those who claim them1 and not merely idle gewgaws worn in ridiculous imitation of the times when the ,nobles and ,priests were masters and the people slaves3 and that1 in all true ,masonry1 the ,knight1 the ,pontiff1 the ,prince1 and the ,sovereign are but the first among their equals3 and the cordon1 the clothing1 and the jewel but symbols and emblems of the virtues required of all good ,masons4 ,the ,mason kneels1 no longer to present his petition for admittance or to receive the answer1 no longer to a man as his superior1 who is but his brother1 but to his ,god2 to whom he appeals for the rectitude of his intentions1 and whose aid he asks to enable him to keep his vows4 ,no one is degraded by bending his knee to ,god at the altar1 or to receive the honor of ,knighthood as ,bayard and ,du ,guesclin knelt4 ,to kneel for other purposes1 ,masonry does not require4 ,god gave to man a head to be borne erect1 a port upright and majestic4 ,we assemble in our ,temples to cherish and inculcate sentiments that conform to that loftiness of bearing which the just and upright man is entitled to maintain1 and we do not require those who desire to be admitted among us1 ignominiously to bow the head4 ,we respect man1 because we respect ourselves that he may conceive a lofty idea of his dignity as a human being free and independent4 ,if modesty is a virtue1 humility and obsequiousness to man are base3 for there is a noble pride which is the most real and solid basis of virtue4 ,man should humble himself before the ,infinite ,god2 but not before his erring and imperfect brother4 ,as ,master of a ,lodge1 you will therefore be exceedingly careful that no ,candidate1 in any ,degree1 be required to submit to any degradation whatever2 as has been too much the custom in some of the ,degrees3 and take it as a certain and inflexible rule1 to which there is no exception1 that real ,masonry requires of no man anything to which a ,knight and ,gentleman cannot honorably1 and without feeling outraged or humiliated submit4 ,the ,supreme ,council for the ,southern ,jurisdiction of the ,united ,states at length undertook the indispensable and long-delayed task of revising and reforming the work and rituals of the thirty ,degrees under its jurisdiction4 ,retaining the essentials of the ,degrees and all the means by which the members recognize one another1 it has sought out and developed the leading idea of each ,degree1 rejected the puerilities and absurdities with which many of them were disfigured1 and made of them a connected system of moral1 religious1 and philosophical instruction4 ,sectarian of no creed1 it has yet thought it not improper to use the old allegories1 based on occurrences detailed in the ,hebrew and ,christian books1 and drawn from the ,ancient ,mysteries of ,egypt1 ,persia1 ,greece1 ,india1 the ,druids and the ,essenes1 as vehicles to communicate the ,great ,masonic ,truths2 as it has used the legends of the ,crusades1 and the ceremonies of the orders of ,knighthood4 ,it no longer inculcates a criminal and wicked vengeance4 ,it has not allowed ,masonry to play the assassin3 to avenge the death either of ,hiram1 of ,charles the #ast1 or of ,jacques ,de ,molay and the ,templars4 ,the ,ancient and ,accepted ,scottish ,rite of ,masonry has now become1 what ,masonry at first was meant to be1 a ,teacher of ,great ,truths1 inspired by an upright and enlightened reason1 a firm and constant wisdom1 and an affectionate and liberal philanthropy4 ,it is no longer a system1 over the composition and arrangement of the different parts of which1 want of reflection1 chance1 ignorance1 and perhaps motives still more ignoble presided2 a system unsuited to our habits1 our manners1 our ideas1 or the world-wide philanthropy and universal toleration of ,masonry2 or to bodies small in number1 whose revenues should be devoted to the relief of the unfortunate1 and not to empty show2 no longer a heterogeneous aggregate of ,degrees1 shocking by its anachronisms and contradictions1 powerless to disseminate light1 information1 and moral and philosophical ideas4 ,as ,master1 you will teach those who are under you1 and to whom you will owe your office1 that the decorations of many of the ,degrees are to be dispensed with1 whenever the expense would interfere with the duties of charity1 relief1 and benevolence2 and to be indulged in only by wealthy bodies that will thereby do no wrong to those entitled to their assistance4 ,the essentials of all the ,degrees may be procured at slight expense2 and it is at the option of every ,brother to procure or not to procure1 as he pleases1 the dress1 decorations1 and jewels of any ,degree other than the #adth1 #ahth1 #cjth1 and #cb;d4 ,we teach the truth of none of the legends we recite4 ,they are to us but parables and allegories1 involving and enveloping ,masonic instruction2 and vehicles of useful and interesting information4 ,they represent the different phases of the human mind1 its efforts and struggles to comprehend nature1 ,god1 the government of the ,universe1 the permitted existence of sorrow and evil4 ,to teach us wisdom1 and the folly of endeavoring to explain to ourselves that which we are not capable of understanding1 we reproduce the speculations of the ,philosophers1 the ,kabalists1 the ,mystagogues and the ,gnostics4 ,every one being at liberty to apply our symbols and emblems as he thinks most consistent with truth and reason and with his own faith1 we give them such an interpretation only as may be accepted by all4 ,our ,degrees may be conferred in ,france or ,turkey1 at ,pekin1 ,ispahn1 ,rome1 or ,geneva1 in the city of ,penn or in ,catholic ,louisiana1 upon the subject of an absolute government or the citizen of a ,free ,state1 upon ,sectarian or ,theist4 ,to honor the ,deity1 to regard all men as our ,brethren1 as children1 equally dear to ,him1 of the ,supreme ,creator of the ,universe1 and to make himself useful to society and himself by his labor1 are its teachings to its ,initiates in all the ,degrees4 ,preacher of ,liberty1 ,fraternity1 and ,equality1 it desires them to be attained by making men fit to receive them1 and by the moral power of an intelligent and enlightened ,people4 ,it lays no plots and conspiracies4 ,it hatches no premature revolutions2 it encourages no people to revolt against the constituted authorities2 but recognizing the great truth that freedom follows fitness for freedom as the corollary follows the axiom1 it strives to prepare men to govern themselves4 ,where domestic slavery exists1 it teaches the master humanity and the alleviation of the condition of his slave1 and moderate correction and gentle discipline2 as it teaches them to the master of the apprentice3 and as it teaches to the employers of other men1 in mines1 manufactories1 and workshops1 consideration and humanity for those who depend upon their labor for their bread1 and to whom want of employment is starvation1 and overwork is fever1 consumption1 and death4 ,as ,master of a ,lodge1 you are to inculcate these duties on your brethren4 ,teach the employed to be honest1 punctual1 and faithful as well as respectful and obedient to all proper orders3 but also teach the employer that every man or woman who desires to work1 has a right to have work to do2 and that they1 and those who from sickness or feebleness1 loss of limb or of bodily vigor1 old age or infancy1 are not able to work1 have a right to be fed1 clothed1 and sheltered from the inclement elements3 that he commits an awful sin against ,masonry and in the sight of ,god1 if he closes his workshops or factories1 or ceases to work his mines1 when they do not yield him what he regards as sufficient profit1 and so dismisses his workmen and workwomen to starve2 or when he reduces the wages of man or woman to so low a standard that they and their families cannot be clothed and fed and comfortably housed2 or by overwork must give him their blood and life in exchange for the pittance of their wages3 and that his duty as a ,mason and ,brother peremptorily requires him to continue to employ those who else will be pinched with hunger and cold1 or resort to theft and vice3 and to pay them fair wages1 though it may reduce or annul his profits or even eat into his capital2 for ,god hath but loaned him his wealth1 and made him ,his almoner and agent to invest it4 ,except1 as mere symbols of the moral virtues and intellectual qualities1 the tools and implements of ,masonry belong exclusively to the first three ,degrees4 ,they also1 however1 serve to remind the ,mason who has advanced further1 that his new rank is based upon the humble labors of the symbolic ,degrees1 as they are improperly termed1 inasmuch as all the ,degrees are symbolic4 ,thus the ,initiates are inspired with a just idea of ,masonry1 to wit1 that it is essentially ,,work2 both teaching and practising ,,labor2 and that it is altogether emblematic4 ,three kinds of work are necessary to the preservation and protection of man and society3 manual labor1 specially belonging to the three blue ,degrees2 labor in arms1 symbolized by the ,knightly or chivalric ,degrees2 and intellectual labor1 belonging particularly to the ,philosophical ,degrees4 ,we have preserved and multiplied such emblems as have a true and profound meaning4 ,we reject many of the old and senseless explanations4 ,we have not reduced ,masonry to a cold metaphysics that exiles everything belonging to the domain of the imagination4 ,the ignorant1 and those half-wise1 in reality1 but over-wise in their own conceit1 may assail our symbols with sarcasms2 but they are nevertheless ingenious veils that cover the ,truth1 respected by all who know the means by which the heart of man is reached and his feelings enlisted4 ,the ,great ,moralists often had recourse to allegories1 in order to instruct men without repelling them4 ,but we have been careful not to allow our emblems to be too obscure1 so as to require far-fetched and forced interpretations4 ,in our days1 and in the enlightened land in which we live1 we do not need to wrap ourselves in veils so strange and impenetrable1 as to prevent or hinder instruction instead of furthering it2 or to induce the suspicion that we have concealed meanings which we communicate only to the most reliable adepts1 because they are contrary to good order or the well-being of society4 ,the ,duties of the ,class of ,instructors1 that is1 the ,masons of the ,degrees from the #dth to the #hth1 inclusive1 are1 particularly1 to perfect the younger ,masons in the words1 signs and tokens and other work of the ,degrees they have received2 to explain to them the meaning of the different emblems1 and to expound the moral instruction which they convey4 ,and upon their report of proficiency alone can their pupils be allowed to advance and receive an increase of wages4 ,the ,directors of the ,work1 or those of the #ith1 #ajth1 and #aath ,degrees are to report to the ,chapters upon the regularity1 activity and proper direction of the work of bodies in the lower ,degrees1 and what is needed to be enacted for their prosperity and usefulness4 ,in the ,symbolic ,lodges1 they are particularly charged to stimulate the zeal of the workmen1 to induce them to engage in new labors and enterprises for the good of ,masonry1 their country and mankind1 and to give them fraternal advice when they fall short of their duty2 or1 in cases that require it1 to invoke against them the rigor of ,masonic law4 ,the ,architects1 or those of the #abth1 #acth1 and #adth1 should be selected from none but ,brothers well instructed in the preceding ,degrees2 zealous1 and capable of discoursing upon that ,masonry2 illustrating it1 and discussing the simple questions of moral philosophy4 ,and one of them1 at every communication1 should be prepared with a lecture1 communicating useful knowledge or giving good advice to the ,brethren4 ,the ,knights1 of the #aeth and #afth ,degrees1 wear the sword4 ,they are bound to prevent and repair1 as far as may be in their power1 all injustice1 both in the world and in ,masonry2 to protect the weak and to bring oppressors to justice4 ,their works and lectures must be in this spirit4 ,they should inquire whether ,masonry fulfills1 as far as it ought and can1 its principal purpose1 which is to succor the unfortunate4 ,that it may do so1 they should prepare propositions to be offered in the ,blue ,lodges calculated to attain that end1 to put an end to abuses1 and to prevent or correct negligence4 ,those in the ,lodges who have attained the rank of ,knights1 are most fit to be appointed ,almoners1 and charged to ascertain and make known who need and are entitled to the charity of the ,order4 ,in the higher ,degrees those only should be received who have sufficient reading and information to discuss the great questions of philosophy4 ,from them the ,orators of the ,lodges should be selected1 as well as those of the ,councils and ,chapters4 ,they are charged to suggest such measures as are necessary to make ,masonry entirely faithful to the spirit of its institution1 both as to its charitable purposes1 and the diffusion of light and knowledge2 such as are needed to correct abuses that have crept in1 and offences against the rules and general spirit of the ,order2 and such as will tend to make it1 as it was meant to be1 the great ,teacher of ,mankind4 ,as ,master of a ,lodge1 ,council1 or ,chapter1 it will be your duty to impress upon the minds of your ,brethren these views of the general plan and separate parts of the ,ancient and ,accepted ,scottish ,rite2 of its spirit and design2 its harmony and regularity2 of the duties of the officers and members2 and of the particular lessons intended to be taught by each ,degree4 ,especially you are not to allow any assembly of the body over which you may preside1 to close1 without recalling to the minds of the ,brethren the ,masonic virtues and duties which are represented upon the ,tracing ,board of this ,degree4 ,that is an imperative duty4 ,forget not that1 more than three thousand years ago1 ,,zoroaster said3 ,be good1 be kind1 be humane1 and charitable2 love your fellows2 console the afflicted2 pardon those who have done you wrong4 ,nor that more than two thousand three hundred years ago ,,confucius repeated1 also quoting the language of those who had lived before himself3 ,love thy neighbor as thyself3 ,do not to others what thou wouldst not wish should be done to thyself3 ,forgive injuries4 ,forgive your enemy1 be reconciled to him1 give him assistance1 invoke ,god in his behalf6 ,let not the morality of your ,lodge be inferior to that of the ,persian or the ,chinese ,philosopher4 ,urge upon your ,brethren the teaching and the unostentatious practice of the morality of the ,lodge1 without regard to times1 places1 religions1 or peoples4 ,urge them to love one another1 to be devoted to one another1 to be faithful to the country1 the government1 and the laws3 for to serve the country is to pay a dear and sacred debt3 ,to respect all forms of worship1 to tolerate all political and religious opinions2 not to blame1 and still less to condemn the religion of others3 not to seek to make converts2 but to be content if they have the religion of ,socrates2 a veneration for the ,creator1 the religion of good works1 and grateful acknowledgment of ,god's blessings3 ,to fraternize with all men2 to assist all who are unfortunate2 and to cheerfully postpone their own interests to that of the ,order3 ,to make it the constant rule of their lives1 to think well1 to speak well1 and to act well3 ,to place the sage above the soldier1 the noble1 or the prince3 and take the wise and good as their models3 ,to see that their professions and practice1 their teachings and conduct1 do always agree3 ,to make this also their motto3 ,do that which thou oughtest to do2 let the result be what it will4 ,such1 my ,brother1 are some of the duties of that office which you have sought to be qualified to exercise4 ,may you perform them well2 and in so doing gain honor for yourself1 and advance the great cause of ,masonry1 ,humanity1 and ,progress4 ,,xxi4 ,,noachite1 ,,or ,,prussian ,,knight4 ,you are especially charged in this ,degree to be modest and humble1 and not vain-glorious nor filled with self-conceit4 ,be not wiser in your own opinion than the ,deity1 nor find fault with ,his works1 nor endeavor to improve upon what ,he has done4 ,be modest also in your intercourse with your fellows1 and slow to entertain evil thoughts of them1 and reluctant to ascribe to them evil intentions4 ,a thousand presses1 flooding the country with their evanescent leaves1 are busily and incessantly engaged in maligning the motives and conduct of men and parties1 and in making one man think worse of another2 while1 alas1 scarcely one is found that ever1 even accidentally1 labors to make man think better of his fellow4 ,slander and calumny were never so insolently licentious in any country as they are this day in ours4 ,the most retiring disposition1 the most unobtrusive demeanor1 is no shield against their poisoned arrows4 ,the most eminent public service only makes their vituperation and invective more eager and more unscrupulous1 when he who has done such service presents himself as a candidate for the people's suffrages4 ,the evil is wide-spread and universal4 ,no man1 no woman1 no household1 is sacred or safe from this new ,inquisition4 ,no act is so pure or so praiseworthy1 that the unscrupulous vender of lies who lives by pandering to a corrupt and morbid public appetite will not proclaim it as a crime4 ,no motive is so innocent or so laudable1 that he will not hold it up as villainy4 ,journalism pries into the interior of private houses1 gloats over the details of domestic tragedies of sin and shame1 and deliberately invents and industriously circulates the most unmitigated and baseless falsehoods1 to coin money for those who pursue it as a trade1 or to effect a temporary result in the wars of faction4 ,we need not enlarge upon these evils4 ,they are apparent to all and lamented over by all1 and it is the duty of a ,mason to do all in his power to lessen1 if not to remove them4 ,with the errors and even sins of other men1 that do not personally affect us or ours1 and need not our condemnation to be odious1 we have nothing to do2 and the journalist has no patent that makes him the ,censor of ,morals4 ,there is no obligation resting on us to trumpet forth our disapproval of every wrongful or injudicious or improper act that every other man commits4 ,one would be ashamed to stand on the street corners and retail them orally for pennies4 ,one ought1 in truth1 to write or speak against no other one in this world4 ,each man in it has enough to do1 to watch and keep guard over himself4 ,each of us is sick enough in this great ,lazaretto3 and journalism and polemical writing constantly remind us of a scene once witnessed in a little hospital2 where it was horrible to hear how the patients mockingly reproached each other with their disorders and infirmities3 how one1 who was wasted by consumption1 jeered at another who was bloated by dropsy3 how one laughed at another's cancer of the face2 and this one again at his neighbor's lock-jaw or squint2 until at last the delirious fever-patient sprang out of his bed1 and tore away the coverings from the wounded bodies of his companions1 and nothing was to be seen but hideous misery and mutilation4 ,such is the revolting work in which journalism and political partisanship1 and half the world outside of ,masonry1 are engaged4 ,very generally1 the censure bestowed upon men's acts1 by those who have appointed and commissioned themselves ,keepers of the ,public ,morals1 is undeserved4 ,often it is not only undeserved1 but praise is deserved instead of censure1 and1 when the latter is not undeserved1 it is always extravagant1 and therefore unjust4 ,a ,mason will wonder what spirit they are endowed withal1 that can basely libel at a man1 even1 that is fallen4 ,if they had any nobility of soul1 they would with him condole his disasters1 and drop some tears in pity of his folly and wretchedness3 and if they were merely human and not brutal1 ,nature did grievous wrong to human bodies1 to curse them with souls so cruel as to strive to add to a wretchedness already intolerable4 ,when a ,mason hears of any man that hath fallen into public disgrace1 he should have a mind to commiserate his mishap1 and not to make him more disconsolate4 ,to envenom a name by libels1 that already is openly tainted1 is to add stripes with an iron rod to one that is flayed with whipping2 and to every well-tempered mind will seem most inhuman and unmanly4 ,even the man who does wrong and commits errors often has a quiet home1 a fireside of his own1 a gentle1 loving wife and innocent children1 who perhaps do not know of his past errors and lapses--past and long repented of2 or if they do1 they love him the better1 because1 being mortal1 he hath erred1 and being in the image of ,god1 he hath repented4 ,that every blow at this husband and father lacerates the pure and tender bosoms of that wife and those daughters1 is a consideration that doth not stay the hand of the brutal journalist and partisan3 but he strikes home at these shrinking1 quivering1 innocent1 tender bosoms2 and then goes out upon the great arteries of cities1 where the current of life pulsates1 and holds his head erect1 and calls on his fellows to laud him and admire him1 for the chivalric act he hath done1 in striking his dagger through one heart into another tender and trusting one4 ,if you seek for high and strained carriages1 you shall1 for the most part1 meet with them in low men4 ,arrogance is a weed that ever grows on a dunghill4 ,it is from the rankness of that soil that she hath her height and spreadings4 ,to be modest and unaffected with our superiors is duty2 with our equals1 courtesy2 with our inferiors1 nobleness4 ,there is no arrogance so great as the proclaiming of other men's errors and faults1 by those who understand nothing but the dregs of actions1 and who make it their business to besmear deserving fames4 ,public reproof is like striking a deer in the herd3 it not only wounds him1 to the loss of blood1 but betrays him to the hound1 his enemy4 ,the occupation of the spy hath ever been held dishonorable1 and it is none the less so1 now that with rare exceptions editors and partisans have become perpetual spies upon the actions of other men4 ,their malice makes them nimble-eyed1 apt to note a fault and publish it1 and1 with a strained construction1 to deprave even those things in which the doer's intents were honest4 ,like the crocodile1 they slime the way of others1 to make them fall2 and when that has happened1 they feed their insulting envy on the life-blood of the prostrate4 ,they set the vices of other men on high1 for the gaze of the world1 and place their virtues underground1 that none may note them4 ,if they cannot wound upon proofs1 they will do it upon likelihoods3 and if not upon them1 they manufacture lies1 as ,god created the world1 out of nothing2 and so corrupt the fair tempter of men's reputations2 knowing that the multitude will believe them1 because affirmations are apter to win belief1 than negatives to uncredit them2 and that a lie travels faster than an eagle flies1 while the contradiction limps after it at a snail's pace1 and1 halting1 never overtakes it4 ,nay1 it is contrary to the morality of journalism1 to allow a lie to be contradicted in the place that spawned it4 ,and even if that great favor is conceded1 a slander once raised will scarce ever die1 or fail of finding many that will allow it both a harbor and trust4 ,this is1 beyond any other1 the age of falsehood4 ,once1 to be suspected of equivocation was enough to soil a gentleman's escutcheon2 but now it has become a strange merit in a partisan or statesman1 always and scrupulously to tell the truth4 ,lies are part of the regular ammunition of all campaigns and controversies1 valued according as they are profitable and effective2 and are stored up and have a market price1 like saltpetre and sulphur2 being even more deadly than they4 ,if men weighed the imperfections of humanity1 they would breathe less condemnation4 ,ignorance gives disparagement a louder tongue than knowledge does4 ,wise men had rather know1 than tell4 ,frequent dispraises are but the faults of uncharitable wit3 and it is from where there is no judgment1 that the heaviest judgment comes2 for self-examination would make all judgments charitable4 ,if we even do know vices in men1 we can scarce show ourselves in a nobler virtue than in the charity of concealing them3 if that be not a flattery persuading to continuance4 ,and it is the basest office man can fall into1 to make his tongue the defamer of the worthy man4 ,there is but one rule for the ,mason in this matter4 ,if there be virtues1 and he is called upon to speak of him who owns them1 let him tell them forth impartially4 ,and if there be vices mixed with them1 let him be content the world shall know them by some other tongue than his4 ,for if the evil-doer deserve no pity1 his wife1 his parents1 or his children1 or other innocent persons who love him ,way2 and the bravo's trade1 practised by him who stabs the defenceless for a price paid by individual or party1 is really no more respectable now than it was a hundred years ago1 in ,venice4 ,where we want experience1 ,charity bids us think the best1 and leave what we know not to the ,searcher of ,hearts2 for mistakes1 suspicions1 and envy often injure a clear fame2 and there is least danger in a charitable construction4 ,and1 finally1 the ,mason should be humble and modest toward the ,grand ,architect of the ,universe1 and not impugn ,his ,wisdom1 nor set up his own imperfect sense of ,right against ,his ,providence and dispensations1 nor attempt too rashly to explore the ,mysteries of ,god's ,infinite ,essence and inscrutable plans1 and of that ,great ,nature which we are not made capable to understand4 ,let him steer far away from all those vain philosophies1 which endeavor to account for all that is1 without admitting that there is a ,god1 separate and apart from the ,universe which is his work3 which erect ,universal ,nature into a ,god1 and worship it alone3 which annihilate ,spirit1 and believe no testimony except that of the bodily senses3 which1 by logical formulas and dextrous collocation of words1 make the actual1 living1 guiding1 and protecting ,god fade into the dim mistiness of a mere abstraction and unreality1 itself a mere logical formula4 ,nor let him have any alliance with those theorists who chide the delays of ,providence and busy themselves to hasten the slow march which it has imposed upon events3 who neglect the practical1 to struggle after impossibilities3 who are wiser than ,heaven2 know the aims and purposes of the ,deity1 and can see a short and more direct means of attaining them1 than it pleases ,him to employ3 who would have no discords in the great harmony of the ,universe of things2 but equal distribution of property1 no subjection of one man to the will of another1 no compulsory labor1 and still no starvation1 nor destitution1 nor pauperism4 ,let him not spend his life1 as they do1 in building a new ,tower of ,babel2 in attempting to change that which is fixed by an inflexible law of ,god's enactment3 but let him1 yielding to the ,superior ,wisdom of ,providence1 content to believe that the march of events is rightly ordered by an ,infinite ,wisdom1 and leads1 though we cannot see it1 to a great and perfect result1--let him be satisfied to follow the path pointed out by that ,providence1 and to labor for the good of the human race in that mode in which ,god has chosen to enact that good shall be effected3 and above all1 let him build no ,tower of ,babel1 under the belief that by ascending he will mount so high that ,god will disappear or be superseded by a great monstrous aggregate of material forces1 or mere glittering1 logical formula2 but1 evermore1 standing humbly and reverently upon the earth and looking with awe and confidence toward ,heaven1 let him be satisfied that there is a real ,god2 a person1 and not a formula2 a ,father and a protector1 who loves1 and sympathizes1 and compassionates2 and that the eternal ways by which ,he rules the world are infinitely wise1 no matter how far they may be above the feeble comprehension and limited vision of man4 ,illustration3 ,lyre ,,xxii4 ,,knight ,,of ,,the ,,royal ,,axe ,,or ,,prince ,,of ,,libanus4 ,sympathy with the great laboring classes1 respect for labor itself1 and resolution to do some good work in our day and generation1 these are the lessons of this ,degree1 and they are purely ,masonic4 ,masonry has made a working-man and his associates the ,heroes of her principal legend1 and himself the companion of ,kings4 ,the idea is as simple and true as it is sublime4 ,from first to last1 ,masonry is work4 ,it venerates the ,grand ,architect of the ,universe4 ,it commemorates the building of a ,temple4 ,its principal emblems are the working tools of ,masons and ,artisans4 ,it preserves the name of the first worker in brass and iron as one of its pass-words4 ,when the ,brethren meet together1 they are at labor4 ,the ,master is the overseer who sets the craft to work and gives them proper instruction4 ,masonry is the apotheosis of ,,work4 ,it is the hands of brave1 forgotten men that have made this great1 populous1 cultivated world a world for us4 ,it is all work1 and forgotten work4 ,the real conquerors1 creators1 and eternal proprietors of every great and civilized land are all the heroic souls that ever were in it1 each in his degree3 all the men that ever felled a forest-tree or drained a marsh1 or contrived a wise scheme1 or did or said a true or valiant thing therein4 ,genuine work alone1 done faithfully1 is eternal1 even as the ,almighty ,founder and ,world-builder ,himself4 ,all work is noble3 a life of ease is not for any man1 nor for any ,god4 ,the ,almighty ,maker is not like one who1 in old immemorial ages1 having made his machine of a ,universe1 sits ever since1 and sees it go4 ,out of that belief comes ,atheism4 ,the faith in an ,invisible1 ,unnameable1 ,directing ,deity1 present everywhere in all that we see1 and work1 and suffer1 is the essence of all faith whatsoever4 ,the life of all ,gods figures itself to us as a ,sublime ,earnestness1--of ,infinite battle against ,infinite labor ,our highest religion is named the ,worship of ,sorrow4 ,for the ,son of ,man there is no noble crown1 well-worn1 or even ill-worn1 but is a crown of thorns4 ,man's highest destiny is not to be happy1 to love pleasant things and find them4 ,his only true unhappiness should be that he cannot work1 and get his destiny as a man fulfilled4 ,the day passes swiftly over1 our life passes swiftly over1 and the night cometh1 wherein no man can work4 ,that night once come1 our happiness and unhappiness are vanished1 and become as things that never were4 ,but our work is not abolished1 and has not vanished4 ,it remains1 or the want of it remains1 for endless ,times and ,eternities4 ,whatsoever of morality and intelligence2 what of patience1 perseverance1 faithfulness1 of method1 insight1 ingenuity1 energy2 in a word1 whatsoever of ,,strength a man has in him1 will lie written in the ,,work he does4 ,to work is to try himself against ,nature and her unerring1 everlasting laws3 and they will return true verdict as to him4 ,the noblest ,epic is a mighty ,empire slowly built together1 a mighty series of heroic deeds1 a mighty conquest over chaos4 ,deeds are greater than words4 ,they have a life1 mute1 but undeniable2 and grow4 ,they people the vacuity of ,time1 and make it green and worthy4 ,labor is the truest emblem of ,god1 the ,architect and ,eternal ,maker2 noble ,labor1 which is yet to be the ,king of this ,earth1 and sit on the highest ,throne4 ,men without duties to do1 are like trees planted on precipices2 from the roots of which all the earth has crumbled4 ,nature owns no man who is not also a ,martyr4 ,she scorns the man who sits screened from all work1 from want1 danger1 hardship1 the victory over which is work2 and has all his work and battling done by other men2 and yet there are men who pride themselves that they and theirs have done no work time out of mind4 ,so neither have the swine4 ,the chief of men is he who stands in the van of men1 fronting the peril which frightens back all others1 and if not vanquished would devour them4 ,hercules was worshipped for twelve labors4 ,the ,czar of ,russia became a toiling shipwright1 and worked with his axe in the docks of ,saardam2 and something came of that4 ,cromwell worked1 and ,napoleon2 and effected somewhat4 ,there is a perennial nobleness and even sacredness in work4 ,be he never so benighted and forgetful of his high calling1 there is always hope in a man who actually and earnestly works3 in ,idleness alone is there perpetual ,despair4 ,man perfects himself by working4 ,jungles are cleared away4 ,fair seed-fields rise instead1 and stately cities2 and withal1 the man himself first ceases to be a foul unwholesome jungle and desert thereby4 ,even in the meanest sort of labor1 the whole soul of man is composed into a kind of real harmony1 the moment he begins to work4 ,doubt1 ,desire1 ,sorrow1 ,remorse1 ,indignation1 and even ,despair shrink murmuring far off into their caves1 whenever the man bends himself resolutely against his task4 ,labor is life4 ,from the inmost heart of the worker rises his ,god-given ,force1 the ,sacred ,celestial ,life-essence1 breathed into him by ,almighty ,god2 and awakens him to all nobleness1 as soon as work fitly begins4 ,by it man learns ,patience1 ,courage1 ,perseverance1 ,openness to light1 readiness to own himself mistaken1 resolution to do better and improve4 ,only by labor will man continually learn the virtues4 ,there is no ,religion in stagnation and inaction2 but only in activity and exertion4 ,there was the deepest truth in that saying of the old monks1 laborare est orare4 ,he prayeth best who loveth best all things both great and small2 and can man love except by working earnestly to benefit that being whom he loves8 ,work2 and therein have well-being1 is the oldest of ,gospels2 unpreached1 inarticulate1 but ineradicable1 and enduring forever4 ,to make ,disorder1 wherever found1 an eternal enemy2 to attack and subdue him1 and make order of him1 the subject not of ,chaos1 but of ,intelligence and ,divinity1 and of ourselves2 to attack ignorance1 stupidity and brute-mindedness1 wherever found1 to smite it wisely and unweariedly1 to rest not while we live and it lives1 in the name of ,god1 this is our duty as ,masons2 commanded us by the ,highest ,god4 ,even ,he1 with his unspoken voice1 more awful than the thunders of ,sinai1 or the syllabled speech of the ,hurricane1 speaks to us4 ,the ,unborn ,ages2 the old ,graves1 with their long-moldering dust speak to us4 ,the deep ,death-,kingdoms1 the ,stars in their never-resting course1 all ,space and all ,time1 silently and continually admonish us that we too must work while it is called to-day4 ,labor1 wide as the ,earth1 has its summit in ,heaven4 ,to toil1 whether with the sweat of the brow1 or of the brain or heart1 is worship1--the noblest thing yet discovered beneath the ,stars4 ,let the weary cease to think that labor is a curse an doom pronounced by ,deity4 ,without it there could be no true excellence in human nature4 ,without it1 and pain1 and sorrow1 where would be the human virtues8 ,where ,patience1 ,perseverance1 ,submission1 ,energy1 ,endurance1 ,fortitude1 ,bravery1 ,disinterestedness1 ,self-,sacrifice1 the noblest excellencies of the ,soul8 ,let him who toils complain not1 nor feel humiliated6 ,let him look up1 and see his fellow-workmen there1 in ,god's ,eternity2 they alone surviving there4 ,even in the weak human memory1 they long survive1 as ,saints1 as ,heroes1 and as ,gods3 they alone survive1 and people the unmeasured solitudes of ,time4 ,to the primeval man1 whatsoever good came1 descended on him 7as in mere fact1 it ever does7 direct from ,god2 whatsoever duty lay visible for him1 this a ,supreme ,god had prescribed4 ,for the primeval man1 in whom dwelt ,thought1 this ,universe was all a ,temple1 life everywhere a ,worship4 ,duty is with us ever2 and evermore forbids us to be idle4 ,to work with the hands or brain1 according to our requirements and our capacities1 to do that which lies before us to do1 is more honorable than rank and title4 ,ploughers1 spinners and builders1 inventors1 and men of science1 poets1 advocates1 and writers1 all stand upon one common level1 and form one grand1 innumerable host1 marching ever onward since the beginning of the world3 each entitled to our sympathy and respect1 each a man and our brother4 ,it was well to give the earth to man as a dark mass1 whereon to labor4 ,it was well to provide rude and unsightly materials in the ore-bed and the forest1 for him to fashion into splendor and beauty4 ,it was well1 not because of that splendor and beauty2 but because the act creating them is better than the things themselves2 because exertion is nobler than enjoyment2 because the laborer is greater and more worthy of honor than the idler4 ,masonry stands up for the nobility of labor4 ,it is ,heaven's great ordinance for human improvement4 ,it has been broken down for ages2 and ,masonry desires to build it up again4 ,it has been broken down1 because men toil only because they must1 submitting to it as1 in some sort1 a degrading necessity2 and desiring nothing so much on earth as to escape from it4 ,they fulfill the great law of labor in the letter1 but break it in the spirit3 they fulfill it with the muscles1 but break it with the mind4 ,masonry teaches that every idler ought to hasten to some field of labor1 manual or mental1 as a chosen and coveted theatre of improvement2 but he is not impelled to do so1 under the teachings of an imperfect civilization4 ,on the contrary1 he sits down1 folds his hands1 and blesses and glorifies himself in his idleness4 ,it is time that this opprobrium of toil were done away4 ,to be ashamed of toil2 of the dingy workshop and dusty labor-field2 of the hard hand1 stained with service more honorable than that of war2 of the soiled and weather-stained garments1 on which ,mother ,nature has stamped1 midst sun and rain1 midst fire and steam1 her own heraldic honors2 to be ashamed of these tokens and titles1 and envious of the flaunting robes of imbecile idleness and vanity1 is treason to ,nature1 impiety to ,heaven1 a breach of ,heaven's great ,ordinance4 ,,toil1 of brain1 heart1 or hand1 is the only true manhood and genuine nobility4 ,labor is a more beneficent ministration than man's ignorance comprehends1 or his complainings will admit4 ,even when its end is hidden from him1 it is not mere blind drudgery4 ,it is all a training1 a discipline1 a development of energies1 a nurse of virtues1 a school of improvement4 ,from the poor boy who gathers a few sticks for his mother's hearth1 to the strong man who fells the oak or guides the ship or the steam-car1 every human toiler1 with every weary step and every urgent task1 is obeying a wisdom far above his own wisdom1 and fulfilling a design far beyond his own design4 ,the great law of human industry is this3 that industry1 working either with the hand or the mind1 the application of our powers to some task1 to the achievement of some result1 lies at the foundation of all human improvement4 ,we are not sent into the world like animals1 to crop the spontaneous herbage of the field1 and then to lie down in indolent repose3 but we are sent to dig the soil and plough the sea2 to do the business of cities and the work of manufactories4 ,the world is the great and appointed school of industry4 ,in an artificial state of society1 mankind is divided into the idle and the laboring classes2 but such was not the design of ,providence4 ,labor is man's great function1 his peculiar distinction and his privilege4 ,from being an animal1 that eats and drinks and sleeps only1 to become a worker1 and with the hand of ingenuity to pour his own thoughts into the moulds of ,nature1 fashioning them into forms of grace and fabrics of convenience1 and converting them to purposes of improvement and happiness1 is the greatest possible step in privilege4 ,the ,earth and the ,atmosphere are man's laboratory4 ,with spade and plough1 with mining-shafts and furnaces and forges1 with fire and steam2 midst the noise and whirl of swift and bright machinery1 and abroad in the silent fields1 man was made to be ever working1 ever experimenting4 ,and while he and all his dwellings of care and toil are borne onward with the circling skies1 and the splendors of ,heaven are around him1 and their infinite depths image and invite his thought1 still in all the worlds of philosophy1 in the universe of intellect1 man must be a worker4 ,he is nothing1 he can be nothing1 can achieve nothing1 fulfill nothing1 without working4 ,without it1 he can gain neither lofty improvement nor tolerable happiness4 ,the idle must hunt down the hours as their prey4 ,to them ,time is an enemy1 clothed with armor2 and they must kill him1 or themselves die4 ,it never yet did answer1 and it never will answer1 for any man to do nothing1 to be exempt from all care and effort1 to lounge1 to walk1 to ride1 and to feast alone4 ,no man can live in that way4 ,god made a law against it3 which no human power can annul1 no human ingenuity evade4 ,the idea that a property is to be acquired in the course of ten or twenty years1 which shall suffice for the rest of life2 that by some prosperous traffic or grand speculation1 all the labor of a whole life is to be accomplished in a brief portion of it2 that by dexterous management1 a large part of the term of human existence is to be exonerated from the cares of industry and self-denial1 is founded upon a grave mistake1 upon a misconception of the true nature and design of business1 and of the conditions of human well-being4 ,the desire of accumulation for the sake of securing a life of ease and gratification1 of escaping from exertion and self-denial1 is wholly wrong1 though very common4 ,it is better for the ,mason to live while he lives1 and enjoy life as it passes3 to live richer and die poorer4 ,it is best of all for him to banish from the mind that empty dream of future indolence and indulgence2 to address himself to the business of life1 as the school of his earthly education2 to settle it with himself now that independence1 if he gains it1 is not to give him exemption from employment4 ,it is best for him to know1 that1 in order to be a happy man1 he must always be a laborer1 with the mind or the body1 or with both3 and that the reasonable exertion of his powers1 bodily and mental1 is not to be regarded as mere drudgery1 but as a good discipline1 a wise ordination1 a training in this primary school of our being1 for nobler endeavors1 and spheres of higher activity hereafter4 ,there are reasons why a ,mason may lawfully and even earnestly desire a fortune4 ,if he can fill some fine palace1 itself a work of art1 with the productions of lofty genius2 if he can be the friend and helper of humble worth2 if he can seek it out1 where failing health or adverse fortune presses it hard1 and soften or stay the bitter hours that are hastening it to madness or to the grave2 if he can stand between the oppressor and his prey1 and bid the fetter and the dungeon give up their victim2 if he can build up great institutions of learning1 and academies of art2 if he can open fountains of knowledge for the people1 and conduct its streams in the right channels2 if he can do better for the poor than to bestow alms upon them--even to think of them1 and devise plans for their elevation in knowledge and virtue1 instead of forever opening the old reservoirs and resources for their improvidence2 if he has sufficient heart and soul to do all this1 or part of it2 if wealth would be to him the handmaid of exertion1 facilitating effort1 and giving success to endeavor2 then may he lawfully1 and yet warily and modestly1 desire it4 ,but if it is to do nothing for him1 but to minister ease and indulgence1 and to place his children in the same bad school1 then there is no reason why he should desire it4 ,what is there glorious in the world1 that is not the product of labor1 either of the body or of the mind8 ,what is history1 but its record8 ,what are the treasures of genius and art1 but its work8 ,what are cultivated fields1 but its toil8 ,the busy marts1 the rising cities1 the enriched empires of the world are but the great treasure-houses of labor4 ,the pyramids of ,egypt1 the castles and towers and temples of ,europe1 the buried cities of ,italy and ,mexico1 the canals and railroads of ,christendom1 are but tracks1 all round the world1 of the mighty footsteps of labor4 ,without it antiquity would not have been4 ,without it1 there would be no memory of the past1 and no hope for the future4 ,even utter indolence reposes on treasures that labor at some time gained and gathered4 ,he that does nothing1 and yet does not starve1 has still his significance2 for he is a standing proof that somebody has at some time worked4 ,but not to such does ,masonry do honor4 ,it honors the ,worker1 the ,toiler2 him who produces and not alone consumes2 him who puts forth his hand to add to the treasury of human comforts1 and not alone to take away4 ,it honors him who goes forth amid the struggling elements to fight his battle1 and who shrinks not1 with cowardly effeminacy1 behind pillows of ease4 ,it honors the strong muscle1 and the manly nerve1 and the resolute and brave heart1 the sweating brow1 and the toiling brain4 ,it honors the great and beautiful offices of humanity1 manhood's toil and woman's task2 paternal industry and maternal watching and weariness2 wisdom teaching and patience learning2 the brow of care that presides over the ,state1 and many-handed labor that toils in workshop1 field1 and study1 beneath its mild and beneficent sway4 ,god has not made a world of rich men2 but rather a world of poor men2 or of men1 at least1 who must toil for a subsistence4 ,that is1 then1 the best condition for man1 and the grand sphere of human improvement4 ,if the whole world could acquire wealth1 7and one man is as much entitled to it as another1 when he is born72 if the present generation could lay up a complete provision for the next1 as some men desire to do for their children2 the world would be destroyed at a single blow4 ,all industry would cease with the necessity for it2 all improvement would stop with the demand for exertion2 the dissipation of fortunes1 the mischiefs of which are now countervailed by the healthful tone of society1 would breed universal disease1 and break out into universal license2 and the world would sink1 rotten as ,herod1 into the grave of its own loathsome vices4 ,almost all the noblest things that have been achieved in the world1 have been achieved by poor men2 poor scholars1 poor professional men1 poor artisans and artists1 poor philosophers1 poets1 and men of genius4 ,a certain staidness and sobriety1 a certain moderation and restraint1 a certain pressure of circumstances1 are good for man4 ,his body was not made for luxuries4 ,it sickens1 sinks1 and dies under them4 ,his mind was not made for indulgence4 ,it grows weak1 effeminate1 and dwarfish1 under that condition4 ,and he who pampers his body with luxuries and his mind with indulgence1 bequeaths the consequences to the minds and bodies of his descendants1 without the wealth which was their cause4 ,for wealth1 without a law of entail to help it1 has always lacked the energy even to keep its own treasures4 ,they drop from its imbecile hand4 ,the third generation almost inevitably goes down the rolling wheel of fortune1 and there learns the energy necessary to rise again1 if it rises at all2 heir1 as it is1 to the bodily diseases1 and mental weaknesses1 and the soul's vices of its ancestors1 and not heir to their wealth4 ,and yet we are1 almost all of us1 anxious to put our children1 or to insure that our grandchildren shall be put1 on this road to indulgence1 luxury1 vice1 degradation1 and ruin2 this heirship of hereditary disease1 soul malady1 and mental leprosy4 ,if wealth were employed in promoting mental culture at home and works of philanthropy abroad2 if it were multiplying studies of art1 and building up institutions of learning around us2 if it were in every way raising the intellectual character of the world1 there could scarcely be too much of it4 ,but if the utmost aim1 effort1 and ambition of wealth be1 to procure rich furniture1 and provide costly entertainments1 and build luxurious houses1 and minister to vanity1 extravagance1 and ostentation1 there could scarcely be too little of it4 ,to a certain extent it may laudably be the minister of elegancies and luxuries1 and the servitor of hospitality and physical enjoyment3 but just in proportion as its tendencies1 divested of all higher aims and tastes1 are running that way1 they are running to peril and evil4 ,nor does that peril attach to individuals and families alone4 ,it stands1 a fearful beacon1 in the experience of ,cities1 ,republics1 and ,empires4 ,the lessons of past times1 on this subject1 are emphatic and solemn4 ,the history of wealth has always been a history of corruption and downfall4 ,the people never existed that could stand the trial4 ,boundless profusion is too little likely to spread for any people the theatre of manly energy1 rigid self-denial1 and lofty virtue4 ,you do not look for the bone and sinew and strength of a country1 its loftiest talents and virtues1 its martyrs to patriotism or religion1 its men to meet the days of peril and disaster1 among the children of ease1 indulgence1 and luxury4 ,in the great march of the races of men over the earth1 we have always seen opulence and luxury sinking before poverty and toil and hardy nurture4 ,that is the law which has presided over the great processions of empire4 ,sidon and ,tyre1 whose merchants possessed the wealth of princes2 ,babylon and ,palmyra1 the seats of ,asiatic luxury2 ,rome1 laden with the spoils of a world1 overwhelmed by her own vices more than by the hosts of her enemies2 all these1 and many more1 are examples of the destructive tendencies of immense and unnatural accumulation3 and men must become more generous and benevolent1 not more selfish and effeminate1 as they become more rich1 or the history of modern wealth will follow in the sad train of all past examples4 ,all men desire distinction1 and feel the need of some ennobling object in life4 ,those persons are usually most happy and satisfied in their pursuits1 who have the loftiest ends in view4 ,artists1 mechanicians1 and inventors1 all who seek to find principles or develop beauty in their work1 seem most to enjoy it4 ,the farmer who labors for the beautifying and scientific cultivation of his estate1 is more happy in his labors than one who tills his own land for a mere subsistence4 ,this is one of the signal testimonies which all human employments give to the high demands of our nature4 ,to gather wealth never gives such satisfaction as to bring the humblest piece of machinery to perfection3 at least1 when wealth is sought for display and ostentation1 or mere luxury1 and ease1 and pleasure2 and not for ends of philanthropy1 the relief of kindred1 or the payment of just debts1 or as a means to attain some other great and noble object4 ,with the pursuits of multitudes is connected a painful conviction that they neither supply a sufficient object1 nor confer any satisfactory honor4 ,why work1 if the world is soon not to know that such a being ever existed2 and when one can perpetuate his name neither on canvas nor on marble1 nor in books1 nor by lofty eloquence1 nor statesmanship8 ,the answer is1 that every man has a work to do in himself1 greater and sublimer than any work of genius2 and works upon a nobler material than wood or marble--upon his own soul and intellect1 and may so attain the highest nobleness and grandeur known on earth or in ,heaven2 may so be the greatest of artists1 and of authors1 and his life1 which is far more than speech1 may be eloquent4 ,the great author or artist only portrays what every man should be4 ,he conceives1 what we should do4 ,he conceives1 and represents moral beauty1 magnanimity1 fortitude1 love1 devotion1 forgiveness1 the soul's greatness4 ,he portrays virtues1 commended to our admiration and imitation4 ,to embody these portraitures in our lives is the practical realization of those great ideals of art4 ,the magnanimity of ,heroes1 celebrated on the historic or poetic page2 the constancy and faith of ,truth's martyrs2 the beauty of love and piety glowing on the canvas2 the delineations of ,truth and ,right1 that flash from the lips of the ,eloquent1 are1 in their essence only that which every man may feel and practise in the daily walks of life4 ,the work of virtue is nobler than any work of genius2 for it is a nobler thing to be a hero than to describe one1 to endure martyrdom than to paint it1 to do right than to plead for it4 ,action is greater than writing4 ,a good man is a nobler object of contemplation than a great author4 ,there are but two things worth living for3 to do what is worthy of being written2 and to write what is worthy of being read2 and the greater of these is the doing4 ,every man has to do the noblest thing that any man can do or describe4 ,there is a wide field for the courage1 cheerfulness1 energy1 and dignity of human existence4 ,let therefore no ,mason deem his life doomed to mediocrity or meanness1 to vanity or unprofitable toil1 or to any ends less than immortal4 ,no one can truly say that the grand prizes of life are for others1 and he can do nothing4 ,no matter how magnificent and noble an act the author can describe or the artist paint1 it will be still nobler for you to go and do that which one describes1 or be the model which the other draws4 ,the loftiest action that ever was described is not more magnanimous than that which we may find occasion to do1 in the daily walks of life2 in temptation1 in distress1 in bereavement1 in the solemn approach to death4 ,in the great ,providence of ,god1 in the great ordinances of our being1 there is opened to every man a sphere for the noblest action4 ,it is not even in extraordinary situations1 where all eyes are upon us1 where all our energy is aroused1 and all our vigilance is awake1 that the highest efforts of virtue are usually demanded of us2 but rather in silence and seclusion1 amidst our occupations and our homes2 in wearing sickness1 that makes no complaint2 in sorely-tried honesty1 that asks no praise2 in simple disinterestedness1 hiding the hand that resigns its advantage to another4 ,masonry seeks to ennoble common life4 ,its work is to go down into the obscure and unsearched records of daily conduct and feeling2 and to portray1 not the ordinary virtue of an extraordinary life2 but the more extraordinary virtue of ordinary life4 ,what is done and borne in the shades of privacy1 in the hard and beaten path of daily care and toil1 full of uncelebrated sacrifices2 in the suffering1 and sometimes insulted suffering1 that wears to the world a cheerful brow2 in the long strife of the spirit1 resisting pain1 penury1 and neglect1 carried on in the inmost depths of the heart2--what is done1 and borne1 and wrought1 and won there1 is a higher glory1 and shall inherit a brighter crown4 ,on the volume of ,masonic life one bright word is written1 from which on every side blazes an ineffable splendor4 ,that word is ,,duty4 ,to aid in securing to all labor permanent employment and its just reward3 to help to hasten the coming of that time when no one shall suffer from hunger or destitution1 because1 though willing and able to work1 he can find no employment1 or because he has been overtaken by sickness in the midst of his labor1 are part of your duties as a ,knight of the ,royal ,axe4 ,and if we can succeed in making some small nook of ,god's creation a little more fruitful and cheerful1 a little better and more worthy of ,him1--or in making some one or two human hearts a little wiser1 and more manful and hopeful and happy1 we shall have done work1 worthy of ,masons1 and acceptable to our ,father in ,heaven4 ,,xxiii4 ,,chief ,,of ,,the ,,tabernacle4 ,among most of the ,ancient ,nations there was1 in addition to their public worship1 a private one styled the ,mysteries2 to which those only were admitted who had been prepared by certain ceremonies called initiations4 ,the most widely disseminated of the ancient worships were those of ,isis1 ,orpheus1 ,dionusos1 ,ceres and ,mithras4 ,many barbarous nations received the knowledge of the ,mysteries in honor of these divinities from the ,egyptians1 before they arrived in ,greece2 and even in the ,british ,isles the ,druids celebrated those of ,dionusos1 learned by them from the ,egyptians4 ,the ,mysteries of ,eleusis1 celebrated at ,athens in honor of ,ceres1 swallowed up1 as it were1 all the others4 ,all the neighboring nations neglected their own1 to celebrate those of ,eleusis2 and in a little while all ,greece and ,asia ,minor were filled with the ,initiates4 ,they spread into the ,roman ,empire1 and even beyond its limits1 those holy and august ,eleusinian ,mysteries1 said ,cicero1 in which the people of the remotest lands are initiated4 ,zosimus says that they embraced the whole human race2 and ,aristides termed them the common temple of the whole world4 ,there were1 in the ,eleusinian feasts1 two sorts of ,mysteries1 the great1 and the little4 ,the latter were a kind of preparation for the former2 and everybody was admitted to them4 ,ordinarily there was a novitiate of three1 and sometimes of four years4 ,clemens of ,alexandria says that what was taught in the great ,mysteries concerned the ,universe1 and was the completion and perfection of all instruction2 wherein things were seen as they were1 and nature and her works were made known4 ,the ancients said that the ,initiates would be more happy after death than other mortals2 and that1 while the souls of the ,profane on leaving their bodies1 would be plunged in the mire1 and remain buried in darkness1 those of the ,initiates would fly to the ,fortunate ,isles1 the abode of the ,gods4 ,plato said that the object of the ,mysteries was to re-establish the soul in its primitive purity1 and in that state of perfection which it had lost4 ,epictetus said1 whatever is met with therein has been instituted by our ,masters1 for the instruction of man and the correction of morals4 ,proclus held that initiation elevated the soul1 from a material1 sensual1 and purely human life1 to a communion and celestial intercourse with the ,gods2 and that a variety of things1 forms1 and species were shown ,initiates1 representing the first generation of the ,gods4 ,purity of morals and elevation of soul were required of the ,initiates4 ,candidates were required to be of spotless reputation and irreproachable virtue4 ,nero1 after murdering his mother1 did not dare to be present at the celebration of the ,mysteries3 and ,antony presented himself to be initiated1 as the most infallible mode of proving his innocence of the death of ,avidius ,cassius4 ,the ,initiates were regarded as the only fortunate men4 ,it is upon us alone1 says ,aristophanes1 shineth the beneficent day-star4 ,we alone receive pleasure from the influence of his rays2 we1 who are initiated1 and who practise toward citizen and stranger every possible act of justice and piety4 ,and it is therefore not surprising that1 in time1 initiation came to be considered as necessary as baptism afterward was to the ,christians2 and that not to have been admitted to the ,mysteries was held a dishonor4 ,it seems to me1 says the great orator1 philosopher1 and moralist1 ,cicero1 that ,athens1 among many excellent inventions1 divine and very useful to the human family1 has produced none comparable to the ,mysteries1 which for a wild and ferocious life have substituted humanity and urbanity of manners4 ,it is with good reason they use the term initiation2 for it is through them that we in reality have learned the first principles of life2 and they not only teach us to live in a manner more consoling and agreeable1 but they soften the pains of death by the hope of a better life hereafter4 ,where the ,mysteries originated is not known4 ,it is supposed they came from ,india1 by the way of ,chalda1 into ,egypt1 and thence were carried into ,greece4 ,wherever they arose1 they were practised among all the ancient nations2 and1 as was usual1 the ,thracians1 ,cretans1 and ,athenians each claimed the honor of invention1 and each insisted that they had borrowed nothing from any other people4 ,in ,egypt and the ,east1 all religion1 even in its most poetical forms1 was more or less a mystery2 and the chief reason why1 in ,greece1 a distinct name and office were assigned to the ,mysteries1 was because the superficial popular theology left a want unsatisfied1 which religion in a wider sense alone could supply4 ,they were practical acknowledgments of the insufficiency of the popular religion to satisfy the deeper thoughts and aspirations of the mind4 ,the vagueness of symbolism might perhaps reach what a more palpable and conventional creed could not4 ,the former1 by its indefiniteness1 acknowledged the abstruseness of its subject2 it treated a mysterious subject mystically2 it endeavored to illustrate what it could not explain2 to excite an appropriate feeling1 if it could not develop an adequate idea2 and made the image a mere subordinate conveyance for the conception1 which itself never became too obvious or familiar4 ,the instruction now conveyed by books and letters was of old conveyed by symbols2 and the priest had to invent or to perpetuate a display of rites and exhibitions1 which were not only more attractive to the eye than words1 but often to the mind more suggestive and pregnant with meaning4 ,afterward1 the institution became rather moral and political1 than religious4 ,the civil magistrates shaped the ceremonies to political ends in ,egypt2 the sages who carried them from that country to ,asia1 ,greece1 and the ,north of ,europe1 were all kings or legislators4 ,the chief magistrate presided at those of ,eleusis1 represented by an officer styled ,king3 and the ,priest played but a subordinate part4 ,the ,powers revered in the ,mysteries were all in reality ,nature-,gods2 none of whom could be consistently addressed as mere heroes1 because their nature was confessedly super-heroic4 ,the ,mysteries1 only in fact a more solemn expression of the religion of the ancient poetry1 taught that doctrine of the ,theocracia or ,divine ,oneness1 which even poetry does not entirely conceal4 ,they were not in any open hostility with the popular religion1 but only a more solemn exhibition of its symbols2 or rather a part of itself in a more impressive form4 ,the essence of all ,mysteries1 as of all polytheism1 consists in this1 that the conception of an unapproachable ,being1 single1 eternal1 and unchanging1 and that of a ,god of ,nature1 whose manifold power is immediately revealed to the senses in the incessant round of movement1 life1 and death1 fell asunder in the treatment1 and were separately symbolized4 ,they offered a perpetual problem to excite curiosity1 and contributed to satisfy the all-pervading religious sentiment1 which if it obtain no nourishment among the simple and intelligible1 finds compensating excitement in a reverential contemplation of the obscure4 ,nature is as free from dogmatism as from tyranny2 and the earliest instructors of mankind not only adopted her lessons1 but as far as possible adhered to her method of imparting them4 ,they attempted to reach the understanding through the eye2 and the greater part of all religious teaching was conveyed through this ancient and most impressive mode of exhibition or demonstration4 ,the ,mysteries were a sacred drama1 exhibiting some legend significant of ,nature's change1 of the visible ,universe in which the divinity is revealed1 and whose import was in many respects as open to the ,pagan1 as to the ,christian4 ,beyond the current traditions or sacred recitals of the temple1 few explanations were given to the spectators1 who were left1 as in the school of nature1 to make inferences for themselves4 ,the method of indirect suggestion1 by allegory or symbol1 is a more efficacious instrument of instruction than plain didactic language2 since we are habitually indifferent to that which is acquired without effort3 ,the initiated are few1 though many bear the thyrsus4 ,and it would have been impossible to provide a lesson suited to every degree of cultivation and capacity1 unless it were one framed after ,nature's example1 or rather a representation of ,nature herself1 employing her universal symbolism instead of technicalities of language1 inviting endless research1 yet rewarding the humblest inquirer1 and disclosing its secrets to every one in ,proportion to his preparatory training and power to comprehend them4 ,even if destitute of any formal or official enunciation of those important truths1 which even in a cultivated age it was often found inexpedient to assert except under a veil of allegory1 and which moreover lose their dignity and value in proportion as they are learned mechanically as dogmas1 the shows of the ,mysteries certainly contained suggestions if not lessons1 which in the opinion not of one competent witness only1 but of many1 were adapted to elevate the character of the spectators1 enabling them to augur something of the purposes of existence1 as well as of the means of improving it1 to live better and to die happier4 ,unlike the religion of books or creeds1 these mystic shows and performances were not the reading of a lecture1 but the opening of a problem1 implying neither exemption from research1 nor hostility to philosophy3 for1 on the contrary1 philosophy is the great ,mystagogue or ,arch-,expounder of symbolism3 though the interpretations by the ,grecian ,philosophy of the old myths and symbols were in many instances as ill-founded1 as in others they are correct4 ,no better means could be devised to rouse a dormant intellect1 than those impressive exhibitions1 which addressed it through the imagination3 which1 instead of condemning it to a prescribed routine of creed1 invited it to seek1 compare1 and judge4 ,the alteration from symbol to dogma is as fatal to beauty of expression1 as that from faith to dogma is to truth and wholesomeness of thought4 ,the first philosophy often reverted to the natural mode of teaching2 and ,socrates1 in particular1 is said to have eschewed dogmas1 endeavoring1 like the ,mysteries1 rather to awaken and develop in the minds of his hearers the ideas with which they were already endowed or pregnant1 than to fill them with ready-made adventitious opinions4 ,so ,masonry still follows the ancient manner of teaching4 ,her symbols are the instruction she gives2 and the lectures are but often partial and insufficient one-sided endeavors to interpret those symbols4 ,he who would become an accomplished ,mason1 must not be content merely to hear or even to understand the lectures1 but must1 aided by them1 and they having as it were marked out the way for him1 study1 interpret1 and develop the symbols for himself4 ,the earliest speculation endeavored to express far more than it could distinctly comprehend2 and the vague impressions of the mind found in the mysterious analogies of phenomena their most apt and energetic representations4 ,the ,mysteries1 like the symbols of ,masonry1 were but an image of the eloquent analogies of ,nature2 both those and these revealing no new secret to such as were or are unprepared1 or incapable of interpreting their significance4 ,everywhere in the old ,mysteries1 and in all the symbolisms and ceremonial of the ,hierophant was found the same mythical personage1 who1 like ,hermes1 or ,zoroaster1 unites ,human ,attributes with ,divine1 and is himself the ,god whose worship he introduced1 teaching rude men the commencements of civilization through the influence of song1 and connecting with the symbol of his death1 emblematic of that of ,nature1 the most essential consolations of religion4 ,the ,mysteries embraced the three great doctrines of ,ancient ,theosophy4 ,they treated of ,god1 ,man1 and ,nature4 ,dionusos1 whose ,mysteries ,orpheus is said to have founded1 was the ,god of ,nature1 or of the moisture which is the life of ,nature1 who prepares in darkness the return of life and vegetation1 or who is himself the ,light and ,change evolving their varieties4 ,he was theologically one with ,hermes1 ,prometheus1 and ,poseidon4 ,in the ,egean ,islands he is ,butes1 ,dardanus1 ,himeros1 or ,imbros4 ,in ,crete he appears as ,iasius or ,zeus1 whose worship remaining unveiled by the usual forms of mystery1 betrayed to profane curiosity the symbols1 which1 if irreverently contemplated1 were sure to be misunderstood4 ,in ,asia he is the long-stoled ,bassareus coalescing with the ,sabazius of the ,phrygian ,corybantes3 the same with the mystic ,iacchus1 nursling or son of ,ceres1 and with the dismembered ,zagreus1 son of ,persephon4 ,in symbolical forms the ,mysteries exhibited ,,the ,,one1 of which ,,the ,,manifold is an infinite illustration1 containing a moral lesson1 calculated to guide the soul through life1 and to cheer it in death4 ,the story of ,dionusos was profoundly significant4 ,he was not only creator of the world1 but guardian1 liberator1 and ,savior of the soul4 ,god of the many-colored mantle1 he was the resulting manifestation personified1 the all in the many1 the varied year1 life passing into innumerable forms4 ,the spiritual regeneration of man was typified in the ,mysteries by the second birth of ,dionusos as offspring of the ,highest2 and the agents and symbols of that regeneration were the elements that affected ,nature's periodical purification--the air1 indicated by the mystic fan or winnow2 the fire1 signified by the torch2 and the baptismal water1 for water is not only cleanser of all things1 but the genesis or source of all4 ,these notions1 clothed in ritual1 suggested the soul's reformation and training1 the moral purity formally proclaimed at ,eleusis4 ,he only was invited to approach1 who was of clean hands and ingenuous speech1 free from all pollution1 and with a clear conscience4 ,happy the man1 say the initiated in ,euripides and ,aristophanes1 who purifies his life1 and who reverently consecrates his soul in the thisos of the ,god4 ,let him take heed to his lips that he utter no profane word2 let him be just and kind to the stranger1 and to his neighbor2 let him give way to no vicious excess1 lest he make dull and heavy the organs of the spirit4 ,far from the mystic dance of the thisos be the impure the evil speaker1 the seditious citizen1 the selfish hunter after gain1 the traitor2 all those1 in short1 whose practices are more akin to the riot of ,titans than to the regulated life of the ,orphici1 or the ,curetan order of the ,priests of ,idan ,zeus4 ,the votary1 elevated beyond the sphere of his ordinary faculties1 and unable to account for the agitation which overpowered him1 seemed to become divine in proportion as he ceased to be human2 to be a dmon or god4 ,already1 in imagination1 the initiated were numbered among the beatified4 ,they alone enjoyed the true life1 the ,sun's true lustre1 while they hymned their ,god beneath the mystic groves of a mimic ,elysium1 and were really renovated or regenerated under the genial influence of their dances4 ,they whom ,proserpina guides in her mysteries1 it was said1 who imbibed her instruction and spiritual nourishment1 rest from their labors and know strife no more4 ,happy they who witness and comprehend these sacred ceremonies6 ,they are made to know the meaning of the riddle of existence by observing its aim and termination as appointed by ,zeus2 they partake a benefit more valuable and enduring than the grain bestowed by ,ceres2 for they are exalted in the scale of intellectual existence1 and obtain sweet hopes to console them at their death4 ,no doubt the ceremonies of initiation were originally few and simple4 ,as the great truths of the primitive revelation faded out of the memories of the masses of the ,people1 and wickedness became rife upon the earth1 it became necessary to discriminate1 to require longer probation and satisfactory tests of the candidates1 and by spreading around what at first were rather schools of instruction than mysteries1 the veil of secrecy1 and the pomp of ceremony1 to heighten the opinion of their value and importance4 ,whatever pictures later and especially ,christian writers may draw of the ,mysteries1 they must1 not only originally1 but for many ages1 have continued pure2 and the doctrines of natural religion and morals there taught1 have been of the highest importance2 because both the most virtuous as well as the most learned and philosophic of the ancients speak of them in the loftiest terms4 ,that they ultimately became degraded from their high estate1 and corrupted1 we know4 ,the rites of initiation became progressively more complicated4 ,signs and tokens were invented by which the ,children of ,light could with facility make themselves known to each other4 ,different ,degrees were invented1 as the number of ,initiates enlarged1 in order that there might be in the inner apartment of the ,temple a favored few1 to whom alone the more valuable secrets were entrusted1 and who could wield effectually the influence and power of the ,order4 ,originally the ,mysteries were meant to be the beginning of a new life of reason and virtue4 ,the initiated or esoteric companions were taught the doctrine of the ,one ,supreme ,god1 the theory of death and eternity1 the hidden mysteries of ,nature1 the prospect of the ultimate restoration of the soul to that state of perfection from which it had fallen1 its immortality1 and the states of reward and punishment after death4 ,the uninitiated were deemed ,profane1 unworthy of public employment or private confidence1 sometimes proscribed as ,atheists1 and certain of ever-lasting punishment beyond the grave4 ,all persons were initiated into the lesser ,mysteries2 but few attained the greater1 in which the true spirit of them1 and most of their secret doctrines were hidden4 ,the veil of secrecy was impenetrable1 sealed by oaths and penalties the most tremendous and appalling4 ,it was by initiation only1 that a knowledge of the ,hieroglyphics could be obtained1 with which the walls1 columns1 and ceilings of the ,temples were decorated1 and which1 believed to have been communicated to the ,priests by revelation from the celestial deities1 the youth of all ranks were laudably ambitious of deciphering4 ,the ceremonies were performed at dead of night1 generally in apartments under-ground1 but sometimes in the centre of a vast ,pyramid1 with every appliance that could alarm and excite the candidate4 ,innumerable ceremonies1 wild and romantic1 dreadful and appalling1 had by degrees been added to the few expressive symbols of primitive observances1 under which there were instances in which the terrified aspirant actually expired with fear4 ,the pyramids were probably used for the purposes of initiation1 as were caverns1 pagodas1 and labyrinths2 for the ceremonies required many apartments and cells1 long passages and wells4 ,in ,egypt a principal place for the ,mysteries was the island of ,phil on the ,nile1 where a magnificent ,temple of ,osiris stood1 and his relics were said to be preserved4 ,with their natural proclivities1 the ,priesthood1 that select and exclusive class1 in ,egypt1 ,india1 ,phnicia1 ,judea and ,greece as well as in ,britain and ,rome1 and wherever else the ,mysteries were known1 made use of them to build wider and higher the fabric of their own power4 ,the purity of no religion continues long4 ,rank and dignities succeed to the primitive simplicity4 ,unprincipled1 vain1 insolent1 corrupt1 and venal men put on ,god's livery to serve the ,devil withal2 and luxury1 vice1 intolerance1 and pride depose frugality1 virtue1 gentleness1 and humility1 and change the altar where they should be servants1 to a throne on which they reign4 ,but the ,kings1 ,philosophers1 and ,statesmen1 the wise and great and good who were admitted to the ,mysteries1 long postponed their ultimate self-destruction1 and restrained the natural tendencies of the ,priesthood4 ,and accordingly ,zosimus thought that the neglect of the ,mysteries after ,diocletian abdicated1 was the chief cause of the decline of the ,roman ,empire2 and in the year #cfd1 the ,proconsul of ,greece would not close the ,mysteries1 notwithstanding a law of the ,emperor ,valentinian1 lest the people should be driven to desperation1 if prevented from performing them2 upon which1 as they believed1 the welfare of mankind wholly depended4 ,they were practised in ,athens until the #hth century1 in ,greece and ,rome for several centuries after ,christ2 and in ,wales and ,scotland down to the #abth century4 ,the inhabitants of ,india originally practised the ,patriarchal religion4 ,even the later worship of ,vishnu was cheerful and social2 accompanied with the festive song1 the sprightly dance1 and the resounding cymbal1 with libations of milk and honey1 garlands1 and perfumes from aromatic woods and gums4 ,there perhaps the ,mysteries commenced2 and in them1 under allegories1 were taught the primitive truths4 ,we cannot1 within the limits of this lecture1 detail the ceremonies of initiation2 and shall use general language1 except where something from those old ,mysteries still remains in ,masonry4 ,the ,initiate was invested with a cord of three threads1 so twined as to make three times three1 and called zennar4 ,hence comes our cable-tow4 ,it was an emblem of their triune ,deity1 the remembrance of whom we also preserve in the three chief officers of our ,lodges1 presiding in the three quarters of that ,universe which our ,lodges represent2 in our three greater and three lesser lights1 our three movable and three immovable jewels1 and the three pillars that support our ,lodges4 ,the ,indian ,mysteries were celebrated in subterranean caverns and grottos hewn in the solid rock2 and the ,initiates adored the ,deity1 symbolized by the solar fire4 ,the candidate1 long wandering in darkness1 truly wanted ,light1 and the worship taught him was the worship of ,god1 the ,source of ,light4 ,the vast ,temple of ,elephanta1 perhaps the oldest in the world1 hewn out of the rock1 and #ace feet square1 was used for initiations2 as were the still vaster caverns of ,salsette1 with their #cjj apartments4 ,the periods of initiation were regulated by the increase and decrease of the moon4 ,the ,mysteries were divided into four steps or ,degrees4 ,the candidate might receive the first at eight years of age1 when he was invested with the zennar4 ,each ,degree dispensed something of perfection4 ,let the wretched man1 says the ,hitopadesa1 practise virtue1 whenever he enjoys one of the three or four religious ,degrees2 let him be even-minded with all created things1 and that disposition will be the source of virtue4 ,after various ceremonies1 chiefly relating to the unity and trinity of the ,godhead1 the candidate was clothed in a linen garment without a seam1 and remained under the care of a ,brahmin until he was twenty years of age1 constantly studying and practising the most rigid virtue4 ,then he underwent the severest probation for the second ,degree1 in which he was sanctified by the sign of the cross1 which1 pointing to the four quarters of the compass1 was honored as a striking symbol of the ,universe by many nations of antiquity1 and was imitated by the ,indians in the shape of their temples4 ,then he was admitted to the ,holy ,cavern1 blazing with light1 where1 in costly robes1 sat1 in the ,east1 ,west1 and ,south1 the three chief ,hierophants1 representing the ,indian tri-une ,deity4 ,the ceremonies there commenced with an anthem to the ,great ,god of ,nature2 and then followed this apostrophe3 ,o mighty ,being6 greater than ,brahma6 we bow down before ,thee as the primal ,creator6 ,eternal ,god of ,gods6 ,the ,world's ,mansion6 ,thou art the ,incorruptible ,being1 distinct from all things transient6 ,thou art before all ,gods1 the ,ancient ,absolute ,existence1 and the ,supreme ,supporter of the ,universe6 ,thou art the ,supreme ,mansion2 and by ,thee1 ,o ,infinite ,form1 the ,universe was spread abroad4 ,the candidate1 thus taught the first great primitive truth was called upon to make a formal declaration1 that he would be tractable and obedient to his superiors2 that he would keep his body pure2 govern his tongue1 and observe a passive obedience in receiving the doctrines and traditions of the ,order2 and the firmest secrecy in maintaining inviolable its hidden and abstruse mysteries4 ,then he was sprinkled with water 7whence our baptism72 certain words1 now unknown1 were whispered in his ear2 and he was divested of his shoes1 and made to go three times around the cavern4 ,hence our three circuits2 hence we were neither barefoot nor shod3 and the words were the ,pass-words of that ,indian ,degree4 ,the ,gymnosophist ,priests came from the banks of the ,euphrates into ,ethiopia1 and brought with them their sciences and their doctrines4 ,their principal ,college was at ,meroe1 and their ,mysteries were celebrated in the ,temple of ,amun1 renowned for his oracle4 ,ethiopia was then a powerful ,state1 which preceded ,egypt in civilization1 and had a theocratic government4 ,above the ,king was the ,priest1 who could put him to death in the name of the ,deity4 ,egypt was then composed of the ,thebaid only4 ,middle ,egypt and the ,delta were a gulf of the ,mediterranean4 ,the ,nile by degrees formed an immense marsh1 which1 afterward drained by the labor of man1 formed ,lower ,egypt2 and was for many centuries governed by the ,ethiopian ,sacerdotal ,caste1 of ,arabic origin2 afterward displaced by a dynasty of warriors4 ,the magnificent ruins of ,axoum1 with its obelisks and hieroglyphics1 temples1 vast tombs and pyramids1 around ancient ,meroe1 are far older than the pyramids near ,memphis4 ,the ,priests1 taught by ,hermes1 embodied in books the occult and hermetic sciences1 with their own discoveries and the revelations of the ,sibyls4 ,they studied particularly the most abstract sciences1 discovered the famous geometrical theorems which ,pythagoras afterward learned from them1 calculated eclipses1 and regulated1 nineteen centuries before ,csar1 the ,julian year4 ,they descended to practical investigations as to the necessities of life1 and made known their discoveries to the people2 they cultivated the fine arts1 and inspired the people with that enthusiasm which produced the avenues of ,thebes1 the ,labyrinth1 the ,temples of ,karnac1 ,denderah1 ,edfou1 and ,phil1 the monolithic obelisks1 and the great ,lake ,moeris1 the fertilizer of the country4 ,the wisdom of the ,egyptian ,initiates1 the high sciences and lofty morality which they taught1 and their immense knowledge1 excited the emulation of the most eminent men1 whatever their rank and fortune2 and led them1 despite the complicated and terrible trials to be undergone1 to seek admission into the ,mysteries of ,osiris and ,isis4 ,from ,egypt1 the ,mysteries went to ,phoenicia1 and were celebrated at ,tyre4 ,osiris changed his name1 and become ,adoni or ,dionusos1 still the representative of the ,sun2 and afterward these ,mysteries were introduced successively into ,assyria1 ,babylon1 ,persia1 ,greece1 ,sicily1 and ,italy4 ,in ,greece and ,sicily1 ,osiris took the name of ,bacchus1 and ,isis that of ,ceres1 ,cybele1 ,rhea and ,venus4 ,bar ,hebraeus says3 ,enoch was the first who invented books and different sorts of writing4 ,the ancient ,greeks declare that ,enoch is the same as ,mercury ,trismegistus ,hermes1 and that he taught the sons of men the art of building cities1 and enacted some admirable laws4444 ,he discovered the knowledge of the ,zodiac1 and the course of the ,planets2 and he pointed out to the sons of men1 that they should worship ,god1 that they should fast1 that they should pray1 that they should give alms1 votive offerings1 and tenths4 ,he reprobated abominable foods and drunkenness1 and appointed festivals for sacrifices to the ,sun1 at each of the ,zodiacal ,signs4 ,manetho extracted his history from certain pillars which he discovered in ,egypt1 whereon inscriptions had been made by ,thoth1 or the first ,mercury or ,hermes1 in the sacred letters and dialect3 but which were after the flood translated from that dialect into the ,greek tongue1 and laid up in the private recesses of the ,egyptian ,temples4 ,these pillars were found in subterranean caverns1 near ,thebes and beyond the ,nile1 not far from the sounding statue of ,memnon1 in a place called ,syringes2 which are described to be certain winding apartments underground2 made1 it is said1 by those who were skilled in ancient rites2 who1 foreseeing the coming of the ,deluge1 and fearing lest the memory of their ceremonies should be obliterated1 built and contrived vaults1 dug with vast labor1 in several places4 ,from the bosom of ,egypt sprang a man of consummate wisdom1 initiated in the secret knowledge of ,india1 of ,persia1 and of ,ethiopia1 named ,thoth or ,phtha by his compatriots1 ,taaut by the ,phoenicians1 ,hermes ,trismegistus by the ,greeks1 and ,adris by the ,rabbins4 ,nature seemed to have chosen him for her favorite and to have lavished on him all the qualities necessary to enable him to study her and to know her thoroughly4 ,the ,deity had1 so to say1 infused into him the sciences and the arts1 in order that he might instruct the whole world4 ,he invented many things necessary for the uses of life1 and gave them suitable names2 he taught men how to write down their thoughts and arrange their speech2 he instituted the ceremonies to be observed in the worship of each of the ,gods2 he observed the course of the stars2 he invented music1 the different bodily exercises1 arithmetic1 medicine1 the art of working in metals1 the lyre with three strings2 he regulated the three tones of the voice1 the sharp1 taken from autumn1 the grave from winter1 and the middle from spring1 there being then but three seasons4 ,it was he who taught the ,greeks the mode of interpreting terms and things1 whence they gave him the name of ,greek3 ,hermes ,hermes1 which signifies ,interpreter4 ,in ,egypt he instituted hieroglyphics3 he selected a certain number of persons whom he judged fitted to be the depositaries of his secrets1 of such only as were capable of attaining the throne and the first offices in the ,mysteries2 he united them in a body1 created them ,priests of the ,living ,god1 instructed them in the sciences and arts1 and explained to them the symbols by which they were veiled4 ,egypt1 #aejj years before the time of ,moses1 revered in the ,mysteries ,,one ,,supreme ,,god1 called the ,,only ,,uncreated4 ,under ,him it paid homage to seven principal deities4 ,it is to ,hermes1 who lived at that period1 that we must attribute the concealment or veiling velation of the ,indian worship1 which ,moses unveiled or revealed1 changing nothing of the laws of ,hermes1 except the plurality of his mystic ,gods4 ,the ,egyptian ,priests related that ,hermes1 dying1 said3 ,hitherto ,i have lived an exile from my true country3 now ,i return thither4 ,do not weep for me3 ,i return to that celestial country whither each goes in his turn4 ,there is ,god4 ,this life is but a death4 ,this is precisely the creed of the old ,buddhists of ,samaneans1 who believed that from time to time ,god sent ,buddhas on earth1 to reform men1 to wean them from their vices1 and lead them back into the paths of virtue4 ,among the sciences taught by ,hermes1 there were secrets which he communicated to the ,initiates only upon condition that they should bind themselves1 by a terrible oath1 never to divulge them1 except to those who1 after long trial1 should be found worthy to succeed them4 ,the ,kings even prohibited the revelation of them on pain of death4 ,this secret was styled the ,sacerdotal ,art1 and included alchemy1 astrology1 magism magic1 the science of spirits1 etc4 ,he gave them the key to the ,hieroglyphics of all these secret sciences1 which were regarded as sacred1 and kept concealed in the most secret places of the ,temple4 ,the great secrecy observed by the initiated ,priests1 for many years1 and the lofty sciences which they professed1 caused them to be honored and respected throughout all ,egypt1 which was regarded by other nations as the college1 the sanctuary1 of the sciences and arts4 ,the mystery which surrounded them strongly excited curiosity4 ,orpheus metamorphosed himself1 so to say1 into an ,egyptian4 ,he was initiated into ,theology and ,physics4 ,and he so completely made the ideas and reasonings of his teachers his own1 that his ,hymns rather bespeak an ,egyptian ,priest than a ,grecian ,poet3 and he was the first who carried into ,greece the ,egyptian fables4 ,pythagoras1 ever thirsty for learning1 consented even to be circumcised1 in order to become one of the ,initiates3 and the occult sciences were revealed to him in the innermost part of the sanctuary4 ,the ,initiates in a particular science1 having been instructed by fables1 enigmas1 allegories1 and hieroglyphics1 wrote mysteriously whenever in their works they touched the subject of the ,mysteries1 and continued to conceal science under a veil of fictions4 ,when the destruction by ,cambyses of many cities1 and the ruin of nearly all ,egypt1 in the year #ebh before our era1 dispersed most of the ,priests into ,greece and elsewhere1 they bore with them their sciences1 which they continued to teach enigmatically1 that is to say1 ever enveloped in the obscurities of fables and hieroglyphics2 to the end that the vulgar herd1 seeing1 might see nothing1 and hearing1 might comprehend nothing4 ,all the writers drew from this source3 but these ,mysteries1 concealed under so many unexplained envelopes1 ended in giving birth to a swarm of absurdities1 which1 from ,greece1 spread over the whole earth4 ,in the ,grecian ,mysteries1 as established by ,pythagoras1 there were three ,degrees4 ,a preparation of five years' abstinence and silence was required4 ,if the candidate was found to be passionate or intemperate1 contentious1 or ambitious of worldly honors and distinctions1 he was rejected4 ,in his lectures1 ,pythagoras taught the mathematics1 as a medium whereby to prove the existence of ,god from observation and by means of reason2 grammar1 rhetoric1 and logic1 to cultivate and improve that reason1 arithmetic1 because he conceived that the ultimate benefit of man consisted in the science of numbers1 and geometry1 music1 and astronomy1 because he conceived that man is indebted to them for a knowledge of what is really good and useful4 ,he taught the true method of obtaining a knowledge of the ,divine laws of purifying the soul from its imperfections1 of searching for truth1 and of practising virtue2 thus imitating the perfections of ,god4 ,he thought his system vain1 if it did not contribute to expel vice and introduce virtue into the mind4 ,he taught that the two most excellent things were1 to speak the truth1 and to render benefits to one another4 ,particularly he inculcated ,silence1 ,temperance1 ,fortitude1 ,prudence1 and ,justice4 ,he taught the immortality of the soul1 the ,omnipotence of ,god1 and the necessity of personal holiness to qualify a man for admission into the ,society of the ,gods4 ,thus we owe the particular mode of instruction in the ,degree of ,fellow-,craft to ,pythagoras2 and that ,degree is but an imperfect reproduction of his lectures4 ,from him1 too1 we have many of our explanations of the symbols4 ,he arranged his assemblies due ,east and ,west1 because he held that ,motion began in the ,east and proceeded to the ,west4 ,our ,lodges are said to be due ,east and ,west1 because the ,master represents the rising ,sun1 and of course must be in the ,east4 ,the pyramids1 too1 were built precisely by the four cardinal points4 ,and our expression1 that our ,lodges extend upward to the ,heavens1 comes from the ,persian and ,druidic custom of having to their ,temples no roofs but the sky4 ,plato developed and spiritualized the philosophy of ,pythagoras4 ,even ,eusebius the ,christian admits1 that he reached to the vestibule of ,truth1 and stood upon its threshold4 ,the ,druidical ceremonies undoubtedly came from ,india2 and the ,druids were originally ,buddhists4 ,the word ,druidh1 like the word ,magi1 signifies wise or learned men2 and they were at once philosophers1 magistrates1 and divines4 ,there was a surprising uniformity in the ,temples1 ,priests1 doctrines1 and worship of the ,persian ,magi and ,british ,druids4 ,the ,gods of ,britain were the same as the ,cabiri of ,samothrace4 ,osiris and ,isis appeared in their ,mysteries1 under the names of ,hu and ,ceridwen2 and like those of the primitive ,persians1 their ,temples were enclosures of huge unhewn stones1 some of which still remain1 and are regarded by the common people with fear and veneration4 ,they were generally either circular or oval4 ,some were in the shape of a circle to which a vast serpent was attached4 ,the circle was an ,eastern symbol of the ,universe1 governed by an ,omnipotent ,deity whose centre is everywhere1 and his circumference nowhere3 and the egg was an universal symbol of the world4 ,some of the ,temples were winged1 and some in the shape of a cross2 the winged ones referring to ,kneph1 the winged ,serpent-,deity of ,egypt2 whence the name of ,navestock1 where one of them stood4 ,temples in the shape of a cross were also found in ,ireland and ,scotland4 ,the length of one of these vast structures1 in the shape of a serpent1 was nearly three miles4 ,the grand periods for initiation into the ,druidical ,mysteries1 were quarterly2 at the equinoxes and solstices4 ,in the remote times when they originated1 these were the times corresponding with the #acth of ,february1 #ast of ,may1 #aith of ,august1 and #ast of ,november4 ,the time of annual celebration was ,may-,eve1 and the ceremonial preparations commenced at midnight1 on the #bith of ,april4 ,when the initiations were over1 on ,may-,eve1 fires were kindled on all the cairns and cromlechs in the island1 which burned all night to introduce the sports of ,may-day4 ,the festival was in honor of the ,sun4 ,the initiations were performed at midnight2 and there were three ,degrees4 ,the ,gothic ,mysteries were carried ,northward from the ,east1 by ,odin2 who1 being a great warrior1 modelled and varied them to suit his purposes and the genius of his people4 ,he placed over their celebration twelve ,hierophants1 who were alike ,priests1 ,counsellors of ,state1 and ,judges from whose decision there was no appeal4 ,he held the numbers three and nine in peculiar veneration and was probably himself the ,indian ,buddha4 ,every thrice-three months1 thrice-three victims were sacrificed to the tri-une ,god4 ,the ,goths had three great festivals2 the most magnificent of which commenced at the winter solstice1 and was celebrated in honor of ,thor1 the ,prince of the ,power of the ,air4 ,that being the longest night in the year1 and the one after which the ,sun comes ,northward1 it was commemorative of the ,creation2 and they termed it mother-night1 as the one in which the creation of the world and light from the primitive darkness took place4 ,this was the ,yule1 ,juul1 or ,yeol feast1 which afterward became ,christmas4 ,at this feast the initiations were celebrated4 ,thor was the ,sun1 the ,egyptian ,osiris and ,kneph1 the ,phnician ,bel or ,baal4 ,the initiations were had in huge intricate caverns1 terminating1 as all the ,mithriac caverns did1 in a spacious vault1 where the candidate was brought to light4 ,joseph was undoubtedly initiated4 ,after he had interpreted ,pharaoh's dream1 that ,monarch made him his ,prime ,minister1 let him ride in his second chariot1 while they proclaimed before him1 ,,abrech6#a and set him over the land of ,egypt4 ,in addition to this1 the ,king gave him a new name1 ,tsapanat-,panakh1 and married him to ,asanat1 daughter of ,potai ,parang1 a ,priest of ,an or ,hieropolis1 where was the ,temple of ,athom-,re1 the ,great ,god of ,egypt2 thus completely naturalizing him4 ,he could not have contracted this marriage1 nor have exercised that high dignity1 without being first initiated in the ,mysteries4 ,when his ,brethren came to ,egypt the second time1 the ,egyptians of his court could not eat with them1 as that would have been abomination1 though they ate with ,joseph2 who was therefore regarded not as a foreigner1 but as one of themselves3 and when he sent and brought his brethren back1 and charged them with taking his cup1 he said1 ,know ye not that a man like me practises divination8 thus assuming the ,egyptian of high rank initiated into the ,mysteries1 and as such conversant with the occult sciences4 ,footnote #a3 ,an ,egyptian word1 meaning1 ,bow down4 ,so also must ,moses have been initiated3 for he was not only brought up in the court of the ,king1 as the adopted son of the ,king's daughter1 until he was forty years of age2 but he was instructed in all the learning of the ,egyptians1 and married afterward the daughter of ,yethr1 a ,priest of ,an likewise4 ,strabo and ,diodorus both assert that he was himself a ,priest of ,heliopolis4 ,before he went into the ,desert1 there were intimate relations between him and the ,priesthood2 and he had successfully commanded1 ,josephus informs us1 an army sent by the ,king against the ,ethiopians4 ,simglicius asserts that ,moses received from the ,egyptians1 in the ,mysteries1 the doctrines which he taught to the ,hebrews3 and ,clemens of ,alexandria and ,philo say that he was a ,theologian and ,prophet1 and interpreter of the ,sacred ,laws4 ,manetho1 cited by ,josephus1 says he was a ,priest of ,heliopolis1 and that his true and original 7,egyptian7 name was ,asersaph or ,osarsiph4 ,and in the institution of the ,hebrew ,priesthood1 in the powers and privileges1 as well as the immunities and sanctity which he conferred upon them1 he closely imitated the ,egyptian institutions2 making public the worship of that ,deity whom the ,egyptian ,initiates worshipped in private2 and strenuously endeavoring to keep the people from relapsing into their old mixture of ,chaldaic and ,egyptian superstition and idol-worship1 as they were ever ready and inclined to do2 even ,aharn1 upon their first clamorous discontent1 restoring the worship of ,apis2 as an image of which ,egyptian ,god he made the golden calf4 ,the ,egyptian ,priests taught in their great ,mysteries1 that there was one ,god1 ,supreme and ,unapproachable1 who had conceived the ,universe by ,his ,intelligence1 before ,he created it by ,his ,power and ,will4 ,they were no ,materialists nor ,pantheists2 but taught that ,matter was not eternal or co-existent with the great ,first ,cause1 but created by ,him4 ,the early ,christians1 taught by the founder of their ,religion1 but in greater perfection1 those primitive truths that from the ,egyptians had passed to the ,jews1 and been preserved among the latter by the ,essenes1 received also the institution of the ,mysteries2 adopting as their object the building of the symbolic ,temple1 preserving the old ,scriptures of the ,jews as their sacred book1 and as the fundamental law1 which furnished the new veil of initiation with the ,hebraic words and formulas1 that1 corrupted and disfigured by time and ignorance1 appear in many of our ,degrees4 ,such1 my ,brother1 is the doctrine of the first ,degree of the ,mysteries1 or that of ,chief of the ,tabernacle1 to which you have now been admitted1 and the moral lesson of which is1 devotion to the service of ,god1 and disinterested zeal and constant endeavor for the welfare of men4 ,you have here received only hints of the true objects and purposes of the ,mysteries4 ,hereafter1 if you are permitted to advance1 you will arrive at a more complete understanding of them and of the sublime doctrines which they teach4 ,be content1 therefore1 with that which you have seen and heard and await patiently the advent of the greater light4 ,illustration ,,xxiv4 ,,prince ,,of ,,the ,,tabernacle4 ,symbols were the almost universal language of ancient theology4 ,they were the most obvious method of instruction2 for1 like nature herself1 they addressed the understanding through the eye2 and the most ancient expressions denoting communication of religious knowledge1 signify ocular exhibition4 ,the first teachers of mankind borrowed this method of instruction2 and it comprised an endless store of pregnant hieroglyphics4 ,these lessons of the olden time were the riddles of the ,sphynx1 tempting the curious by their quaintness1 but involving the personal risk of the adventurous interpreter4 ,the ,gods themselves1 it was said1 disclose their intentions to the wise1 but to fools their teaching is unintelligible2 and the ,king of the ,delphic ,oracle was said not to declare1 nor on the other hand to conceal2 but emphatically to intimate or signify4 ,the ,ancient ,sages1 both barbarian and ,greek1 involved their meaning in similar indirections and enigmas2 their lessons were conveyed either in visible symbols1 or in those parables and dark sayings of old1 which the ,israelites considered it a sacred duty to hand down unchanged to successive generations4 ,the explanatory tokens employed by man1 whether emblematical objects or actions1 symbols or mystic ceremonies1 were like the mystic signs and portents either in dreams or by the wayside1 supposed to be significant of the intentions of the ,gods2 both required the aid of anxious thought and skillful interpretation4 ,it was only by a correct appreciation of analogous problems of nature1 that the will of ,heaven could be understood by the ,diviner1 or the lessons of ,wisdom become manifest to the ,sage4 ,the ,mysteries were a series of symbols2 and what was spoken there consisted wholly of accessory explanations of the act or image2 sacred commentaries1 explanatory of established symbols2 with little of those independent traditions embodying physical or moral speculation1 in which the elements or planets were the actors1 and the creation and revolutions of the world were intermingled with recollections of ancient events3 and yet with so much of that also1 that nature became her own expositor through the medium of an arbitrary symbolical instruction2 and the ancient views of the relation between the human and divine received dramatic forms4 ,there has ever been an intimate alliance between the two systems1 the symbolic and the philosophical1 in the allegories of the monuments of all ages1 in the symbolic writings of the priests of all nations1 in the rituals of all secret and mysterious societies2 there has been a constant series1 an invariable uniformity of principles1 which come from an aggregate1 vast1 imposing1 and true1 composed of parts that fit harmoniously only there4 ,symbolical instruction is recommended by the constant and uniform usage of antiquity2 and it has retained its influence throughout all ages1 as a system of mysterious communication4 ,the ,deity1 in his revelations to man1 adopted the use of material images for the purpose of enforcing sublime truths2 and ,christ taught by symbols and parables4 ,the mysterious knowledge of the ,druids was embodied in signs and symbols4 ,taliesin1 describing his initiation1 says3 ,the secrets were imparted to me by the old ,giantess 7,ceridwen1 or ,isis71 without the use of audible language4 ,and again he says1 ,i am a silent proficient4 ,initiation was a school1 in which were taught the truths of primitive revelation1 the existence and attributes of one ,god1 the immortality of the ,soul1 rewards and punishments in a future life1 the phenomena of ,nature1 the arts1 the sciences1 morality1 legislation1 philosophy1 and philanthropy1 and what we now style psychology and metaphysics1 with animal magnetism1 and the other occult sciences4 ,all the ideas of the ,priests of ,hindostan1 ,persia1 ,syria1 ,arabia1 ,chalda1 ,phnicia1 were known to the ,egyptian ,priests4 ,the rational ,indian philosophy1 after penetrating ,persia and ,chalda1 gave birth to the ,egyptian ,mysteries4 ,we find that the use of ,hieroglyphics was preceded in ,egypt by that of the easily understood symbols and figures1 from the mineral1 animal1 and vegetable kingdoms1 used by the ,indians1 ,persians1 and ,chaldans to express their thoughts2 and this primitive philosophy was the basis of the modern philosophy of ,pythagoras and ,plato4 ,all the philosophers and legislators that made ,antiquity illustrious1 were pupils of the initiation2 and all the beneficent modifications in the religions of the different people instructed by them were owing to their institution and extension of the ,mysteries4 ,in the chaos of popular superstitions1 those ,mysteries alone kept man from lapsing into absolute brutishness4 ,zoroaster and ,confucius drew their doctrines from the ,mysteries4 ,clemens of ,alexandria1 speaking of the ,great ,mysteries1 says3 ,here ends all instruction4 ,nature and all things are seen and known4 ,had moral truths alone been taught the ,initiate1 the ,mysteries could never have deserved nor received the magnificent eulogiums of the most enlightened men of ,antiquity1--of ,pindar1 ,plutarch1 ,isocrates1 ,diodorus1 ,plato1 ,euripides1 ,socrates1 ,aristophanes1 ,cicero1 ,epictetus1 ,marcus ,aurelius1 and others2--philosophers hostile to the ,sacerdotal ,spirit1 or historians devoted to the investigation of ,truth4 ,no3 all the sciences were taught there2 and those oral or written traditions briefly communicated1 which reached back to the first age of the world4 ,socrates said1 in the ,phdo of ,plato3 ,it well appears that those who established the ,mysteries1 or secret assemblies of the initiated1 were no contemptible personages1 but men of great genius1 who in the early ages strove to teach us1 under enigmas1 that he who shall go to the invisible regions without being purified1 will be precipitated into the abyss2 while he who arrives there1 purged of the stains of this world1 and accomplished in virtue1 will be admitted to the dwelling-place of the ,deity4444 ,the initiated are certain to attain the company of the ,gods4 ,pretextatus1 ,proconsul of ,achaia1 a man endowed with all the virtues1 said1 in the #dth century1 that to deprive the ,greeks of those ,sacred ,mysteries which bound together the whole human face1 would make life insupportable4 ,initiation was considered to be a mystical death2 a descent into the infernal regions1 where every pollution1 and the stains and imperfections of a corrupt and evil life were purged away by fire and water2 and the perfect ,epopt was then said to be regenerated1 new-born1 restored to a renovated existence of life1 light1 and purity2 and placed under the ,divine ,protection4 ,a new language was adapted to these celebrations1 and also a language of hieroglyphics1 unknown to any but those who had received the highest ,degree4 ,and to them ultimately were confined the learning1 the morality1 and the political power of every people among which the ,mysteries were practised4 ,so effectually was the knowledge of the hieroglyphics of the highest ,degree hidden from all but a favored few1 that in process of time their meaning ,was entirely lost1 and none could interpret them4 ,if the same hieroglyphics were employed in the higher as in the lower ,degrees1 they had a different and more abstruse and figurative meaning4 ,it was pretended1 in later times1 that the sacred hieroglyphics and language were the same that were used by the ,celestial ,deities4 ,everything that could heighten the mystery of initiation was added1 until the very name of the ceremony possessed a strange charm1 and yet conjured up the wildest fears4 ,the greatest rapture came to be expressed by the word that signified to pass through the ,mysteries4 ,the ,priesthood possessed one third of ,egypt4 ,they gained much of their influence by means of the ,mysteries1 and spared no means to impress the people with a full sense of their importance4 ,they represented them as the beginning of a new life of reason and virtue3 the initiated1 or esoteric companions were said to entertain the most agreeable anticipations respecting death and eternity1 to comprehend all the hidden mysteries of ,nature1 to have their souls restored to the original perfection from which man had fallen2 and at their death to be borne to the celestial mansions of the ,gods4 ,the doctrines of a future state of rewards and punishments formed a prominent feature in the ,mysteries2 and they were also believed to assure much temporal happiness and good-fortune1 and afford absolute security against the most imminent dangers by land and sea4 ,public odium was cast on those who refused to be initiated4 ,they were considered profane1 unworthy of public employment or private confidence2 and held to be doomed to eternal punishment as impious4 ,to betray the secrets of the ,mysteries1 to wear on the stage the dress of an ,initiate1 or to hold the ,mysteries up to derision1 was to incur death at the hands of public vengeance4 ,it is certain that up to the time of ,cicero1 the ,mysteries still retained much of their original character of sanctity and purity4 ,and at a later day1 as we know1 ,nero1 after committing a horrible crime1 did not dare1 even in ,greece1 to aid in the celebration of the ,mysteries2 nor at a still later day was ,constantine1 the ,christian ,emperor1 allowed to do so1 after his murder of his relatives4 ,everywhere1 and in all their forms1 the ,mysteries were funereal2 and celebrated the mystical death and restoration to life of some divine or heroic personage3 and the details of the legend and the mode of the death varied in the different ,countries where the ,mysteries were practised4 ,their explanation belongs both to astronomy and mythology2 and the ,legend of the ,master's ,degree is but another form of that of the ,mysteries1 reaching back1 in one shape or other1 to the remotest antiquity4 ,whether ,egypt originated the legend1 or borrowed it from ,india or ,chalda1 it is now impossible to know4 ,but the ,hebrews received the ,mysteries from the ,egyptians2 and of course were familiar with their legend1--known as it was to those ,egyptian ,initiates1 ,joseph and ,moses4 ,it was the fable 7or rather the truth clothed in allegory and figures7 of ,,osiris1 the ,sun1 ,source of ,light and ,principle of ,good1 and ,,typhon1 the ,principle of ,darkness and ,evil4 ,in all the histories of the ,gods and ,heroes lay couched and hidden astronomical details and the history of the operations of visible ,nature2 and those in their turn were also symbols of higher and profounder truths4 ,none but rude uncultivated intellects could long consider the ,sun and ,stars and the ,powers of ,nature as ,divine1 or as fit objects of ,human ,worship2 and they will consider them so while the world lasts2 and ever remain ignorant of the great ,spiritual ,truths of which these are the hieroglyphics and expressions4 ,a brief summary of the ,egyptian legend will serve to show the leading idea on which the ,mysteries among the ,hebrews were based4 ,osiris1 said to have been an ancient ,king of ,egypt1 was the ,sun2 and ,isis1 his wife1 the ,moon3 and his history recounts1 in poetical and figurative style1 the annual journey of the ,great ,luminary of ,heaven through the different ,signs of the ,zodiac4 ,in the absence of ,osiris1 ,typhon1 his brother1 filled with envy and malice1 sought to usurp his throne2 but his plans were frustrated by ,isis4 ,then he resolved to kill ,osiris4 ,this he did1 by persuading him to enter a coffin or sarcophagus1 which he then flung into the ,nile4 ,after a long search1 ,isis found the body1 and concealed it in the depths of a forest2 but ,typhon1 finding it there1 cut it into fourteen pieces1 and scattered them hither and thither4 ,after tedious search1 ,isis found thirteen pieces1 the fishes having eaten the other 7the privates71 which she replaced of wood1 and buried the body at ,phil2 where a temple of surpassing magnificence was erected in honor of ,osiris4 ,isis1 aided by her son ,orus1 ,horus or ,har-oeri1 warred against ,typhon1 slew him1 reigned gloriously1 and at her death was reunited to her husband1 in the same tomb4 ,typhon was represented as born of the earth2 the upper part of his body covered with feathers1 in stature reaching the clouds1 his arms and legs covered with scales1 serpents darting from him on every side1 and fire flashing from his mouth4 ,horus1 who aided in slaying him1 became the ,god of the ,sun1 answering to the ,grecian ,apollo2 and ,typhon is but the anagram of ,python1 the great serpent slain by ,apollo4 ,the word ,typhon1 like ,eve1 signifies a serpent1 and life4#b ,by its form the serpent symbolizes life1 which circulates through all nature4 ,when1 toward the end of autumn1 the ,woman 7,virgo71 in the constellations seems 7upon the ,chaldan sphere7 to crush with her heel the head of the serpent1 this figure foretells the coming of winter1 during which life seems to retire from all beings1 and no longer to circulate through nature4 ,this is why ,typhon signifies also a serpent1 the symbol of winter1 which1 in the ,catholic ,temples1 is represented surrounding the ,terrestrial ,globe1 which surmounts the heavenly cross1 emblem of redemption4 ,if the word ,typhon is derived from ,tupoul1 it signifies a tree which produces apples 7mala1 evils71 the ,jewish origin of the fall of man4 ,typhon means also one who supplants1 and signifies the human passions1 which expel from our hearts the lessons of wisdom4 ,in the ,egyptian ,fable1 ,isis wrote the sacred word for the instruction of men1 and ,typhon effaced it as fast as she wrote it4 ,in morals1 his name signifies ,pride1 ,ignorance1 and ,falsehood4 ,footnote #b3 ,hebrew3 ,tsapanai1 in ,hebrew1 means a serpent4 ,when ,isis first found the body1 where it had floated ashore near ,byblos1 a shrub of erica or tamarisk near it had1 by the virtue of the body1 shot up into a tree around it1 and protected it2 and hence our sprig of acacia4 ,isis was also aided in her search by ,anubis1 in the shape of a dog4 ,he was ,sirius or the ,dog-,star1 the friend and counsellor of ,osiris1 and the inventor of language1 grammar1 astronomy1 surveying1 arithmetic1 music1 and medical science2 the first maker of laws2 and who taught the worship of the ,gods1 and the building of ,temples4 ,in the ,mysteries1 the nailing up of the body of ,osiris in the chest or ark was termed the aphanism1 or disappearance of the ,sun at the ,winter ,solstice1 below the ,tropic of ,capricorn1 and the recovery of the different parts of his body by ,isis1 the ,euresis1 finding4 ,the candidate went through a ceremony representing this1 in all the ,mysteries everywhere4 ,the main facts in the fable were the same in all countries2 and the prominent ,deities were everywhere a male and a female4 ,in ,egypt they were ,osiris and ,isis3 in ,india1 ,mahadeva and ,bhavani3 in ,phnicia1 ,thammuz 7or ,adonis7 and ,astarte3 in ,phrygia1 ,atys and ,cybele3 in ,persia1 ,mithras and ,asis3 in ,samothrace and ,greece1 ,dionusos or ,sabazeus and ,rhea3 in ,britain1 ,hu and ,ceridwen3 and in ,scandinavia1 ,woden and ,frea3 and in every instance these ,divinities represented the ,sun and the ,moon4 ,the mysteries of ,osiris1 ,isis1 and ,horus1 seem to have been the model of all other ceremonies of initiation subsequently established among the different peoples of the world4 ,those of ,atys and ,cybele1 celebrated in ,phrygia2 those of ,ceres and ,proserpine1 at ,eleusis and many other places in ,greece1 were but copies of them4 ,this we learn from ,plutarch1 ,diodorus ,siculus1 ,lactantius1 and other writers2 and in the absence of direct testimony should necessarily infer it from the similarity of the adventures of these ,deities2 for the ancients held that the ,ceres of the ,greeks was the same as the ,isis of the ,egyptians2 and ,dionusos or ,bacchus as ,osiris4 ,in the legend of ,osiris and ,isis1 as given by ,plutarch1 are many details and circumstances other than those that we have briefly mentioned2 and all of which we need not repeat here4 ,osiris married his sister ,isis2 and labored publicly with her to ameliorate the lot of men4 ,he taught them agriculture1 while ,isis invented laws4 ,he built temples to the ,gods1 and established their worship4 ,both were the patrons of artists and their useful inventions2 and introduced the use of iron for defensive weapons and implements of agriculture1 and of gold to adorn the temples of the ,gods4 ,he went forth with an army to conquer men to civilization1 teaching the people whom he overcame to plant the vine and sow grain for food4 ,typhon1 his brother1 slew him when the sun was in the sign of the ,scorpion1 that is to say1 at the ,autumnal ,equinox4 ,they had been rival claimants1 says ,synesius1 for the throne of ,egypt1 as ,light and ,darkness contend ever for the empire of the world4 ,plutarch adds1 that at the time when ,osiris was slain1 the moon was at its full2 and therefore it was in the sign opposite the ,scorpion1 that is1 the ,bull1 the sign of the ,vernal ,equinox4 ,plutarch assures us that it was to represent these events and details that ,isis established the ,mysteries1 in which they were reproduced by images1 symbols1 and a religious ceremonial1 whereby they were imitated3 and in which lessons of piety were given1 and consolations under the misfortunes that afflict us here below4 ,those who instituted these ,mysteries meant to strengthen religion and console men in their sorrows by the lofty hopes found in a religious faith1 whose principles were represented to them covered by a pompous ceremonial1 and under the sacred veil of allegory4 ,diodorus speaks of the famous columns erected near ,nysa1 in ,arabia1 where1 it was said1 were two of the tombs of ,osiris and ,isis4 ,on one was this inscription3 ,i am ,isis1 ,queen of this country4 ,i was instructed by ,mercury4 ,no one can destroy the laws which ,i have established4 ,i am the eldest daughter of ,saturn1 most ancient of the ,gods4 ,i am the wife and sister of ,osiris the ,king4 ,i first made known to mortals the use of wheat4 ,i am the mother of ,orus the ,king4 ,in my honor was the city of ,bubaste built4 ,rejoice1 ,o ,egypt1 rejoice1 land that gave me birth6 444 ,and on the other was this3 ,i am ,osiris the ,king1 who led my armies into all parts of the world1 to the most thickly inhabited countries of ,india1 the ,north1 the ,danube1 and the ,ocean4 ,i am the eldest son of ,saturn3 ,i was born of the brilliant and magnificent egg1 and my substance is of the same nature as that which composes light4 ,there is no place in the ,universe where ,i have not appeared1 to bestow my benefits and make known my discoveries4 ,the rest was illegible4 ,to aid her in the search for the body of ,osiris1 and to nurse her infant child ,horus1 ,isis sought out and took with her ,anubis1 son of ,osiris1 and his sister ,nephte4 ,he1 as we have said1 was ,sirius1 the brightest star in the ,heavens4 ,after finding him1 she went to ,byblos1 and seated herself near a fountain1 where she had learned that the sacred chest had stopped which contained the body of ,osiris4 ,there she sat1 sad and silent1 shedding a torrent of tears4 ,thither came the women of the ,court of ,queen ,astarte1 and she spoke to them1 and dressed their hair1 pouring upon it deliciously perfumed ambrosia4 ,this known to the ,queen1 ,isis was engaged as nurse for her child1 in the palace1 one of the columns of which was made of the erica or tamarisk1 that had grown up over the chest containing ,osiris1 cut down by the ,king1 and unknown to him1 still enclosing the chest3 which column ,isis afterward demanded1 and from it extracted the chest and the body1 which1 the latter wrapped in thin drapery and perfumed1 she carried away with her4 ,blue ,masonry1 ignorant of its import1 still retains among its emblems one of a woman weeping over a broken column1 holding in her hand a branch of acacia1 myrtle1 or tamarisk1 while ,time1 we are told1 stands behind her combing out the ringlets of her hair4 ,we need not repeat the vapid and trivial explanation there given1 of this representation of ,isis1 weeping at ,byblos1 over the column torn from the palace of the ,king1 that contained the body of ,osiris1 while ,horus1 the ,god of ,time1 pours ambrosia on her hair4 ,nothing of this recital was historical2 but the whole was an allegory or sacred fable1 containing a meaning known only to those who were initiated into the ,mysteries4 ,all the incidents were astronomical1 with a meaning still deeper lying behind that explanation1 and so hidden by a double veil4 ,the ,mysteries1 in which these incidents were represented and explained1 were like those of ,eleusis in their object1 of which ,pausanias1 who was initiated1 says that the ,greeks1 from the remotest antiquity1 regarded them as the best calculated of all things to lead men to piety3 and ,aristotle says they were the most valuable of all religious institutions1 and thus were called mysteries par excellence2 and the ,temple of ,eleusis was regarded as1 in some sort1 the common sanctuary of the whole earth1 where religion had brought together all that was most imposing and most august4 ,the object of all the ,mysteries was to inspire men with piety1 and to console them in the miseries of life4 ,that consolation1 so afforded1 was the hope of a happier future1 and of passing1 after death1 to a state of eternal felicity4 ,cicero says that the ,initiates not only received lessons which made life more agreeable1 but drew from the ceremonies happy hopes for the moment of death4 ,socrates says that those who were so fortunate as to be admitted to the ,mysteries1 possessed1 when dying1 the most glorious hopes for eternity4 ,aristides says that they not only procure the ,initiates consolations in the present life1 and means of deliverance from the great weight of their evils1 but also the precious advantage of passing after death to a happier state4 ,isis was the ,goddess of ,sais2 and the famous ,feast of ,lights was celebrated there in her honor4 ,there were celebrated the ,mysteries1 in which were represented the death and subsequent restoration to life of the ,god ,osiris1 in a secret ceremony and scenic representation of his sufferings1 called the ,mysteries of ,night4 ,the ,kings of ,egypt often exercised the functions of the ,priesthood2 and they were initiated into the sacred science as soon as they attained the throne4 ,so at ,athens1 the ,first ,magistrate1 or ,archon-,king1 superintended the ,mysteries4 ,this was an image of the union that existed between the ,priesthood and ,royalty1 in those early times when legislators and kings sought in religion a potent political instrument4 ,herodotus says1 speaking of the reasons why animals were deified in ,egypt3 ,if ,i were to explain these reasons1 ,i should be led to the disclosure of those holy matters which ,i particularly wish to avoid1 and which1 but from necessity1 ,i should not have discussed at all4 ,so he says1 ,the ,egyptians have at ,sais the tomb of a certain personage1 whom ,i do not think myself permitted to specify4 ,it is behind the ,temple of ,minerva4 ,the latter1 so called by the ,greeks1 was really ,isis1 whose was the often-cited enigmatical inscription1 ,i am what was and is and is to come4 ,no mortal hath yet unveiled me4 ,so again he says3 ,upon this lake are represented by night the accidents which happened to him whom ,i dare not name4 ,the ,egyptians call them their ,mysteries4 ,concerning these1 at the same time that ,i confess myself sufficiently informed1 ,i feel myself compelled to be silent4 ,of the ceremonies also in honor of ,ceres1 ,i may not venture to speak1 further than the obligations of religion will allow me4 ,it is easy to see what was the great object of initiation and the ,mysteries2 whose first and greatest fruit was1 as all the ancients testify1 to civilize savage hordes1 to soften their ferocious manners1 to introduce among them social intercourse1 and lead them into a way of life more worthy of men4 ,cicero considers the establishment of the ,eleusinian ,mysteries to be the greatest of all the benefits conferred by ,athens on other commonwealths2 their effects having been1 he says1 to civilize men1 soften their savage and ferocious manners1 and teach them the true principles of morals1 which initiate man into the only kind of life worthy of him4 ,the same philosophic orator1 in a passage where he apostrophizes ,ceres and ,proserpine1 says that mankind owes these ,goddesses the first elements of moral life1 as well as the first means of sustenance of physical life2 knowledge of the laws1 regulation of morals1 and those examples of civilization which have improved the manners of men and cities4 ,bacchus in ,euripides says to ,pentheus1 that his new institution 7the ,dionysiac ,mysteries7 deserved to be known1 and that one of its great advantages was1 that it proscribed all impurity3 that these were the ,mysteries of ,wisdom1 of which it would be imprudent to speak to persons not initiated3 that they were established among the ,barbarians1 who in that showed greater wisdom than the ,greeks1 who had not yet received them4 ,this double object1 political and religious1--one teaching our duty to men1 and the other what we owe to the ,gods2 or rather1 respect for the ,gods calculated to maintain that which we owe the laws1 is found in that well-known verse of ,virgil1 borrowed by him from the ceremonies of initiation3 ,teach me to respect ,justice and the ,gods4 ,this great lesson1 which the ,hierophant impressed on the ,initiates1 after they had witnessed a representation of the ,infernal regions1 the ,poet places after his description of the different punishments suffered by the wicked in ,tartarus1 and immediately after the description of that of ,sisyphus4 ,pausanias1 likewise1 at the close of the representation of the punishments of ,sisyphus and the daughters of ,danaus1 in the ,temple at ,delphi1 makes this reflection2 that the crime or impiety which in them had chiefly merited this punishment1 was the contempt which they had shown for the ,mysteries of ,eleusis4 ,from this reflection of ,pausanias1 who was an ,initiate1 it is easy to see that the ,priests of ,eleusis1 who taught the dogma of punishment in ,tartarus1 included among the great crimes deserving these punishments1 contempt for and disregard of the ,holy ,mysteries2 whose object was to lead men to piety1 and thereby to respect for justice and the laws1 chief object of their institution1 if not the only one1 and to which the needs and interest of religion itself were subordinate2 since the latter was but a means to lead more surely to the former2 for the whole force of religious opinions being in the hands of the legislators to be wielded1 they were sure of being better obeyed4 ,the ,mysteries were not merely simple lustrations and the observation of some arbitrary formulas and ceremonies2 nor a means of reminding men of the ancient condition of the race prior to civilization3 but they led men to piety by instruction in morals and as to a future life2 which at a very early day1 if not originally1 formed the chief portion of the ceremonial4 ,symbols were used in the ceremonies1 which referred to agriculture1 as ,masonry has preserved the ear of wheat in a symbol and in one of her words2 but their principal reference was to astronomical phenomena4 ,much was no doubt said as to the condition of brutality and degradation in which man was sunk before the institution of the ,mysteries2 but the allusion was rather metaphysical1 to the ignorance of the uninitiated1 than to the wild life of the earliest men4 ,the great object of the ,mysteries of ,isis1 and in general of all the ,mysteries1 was a great and truly politic one4 ,it was to ameliorate our race1 to perfect its manners and morals1 and to restrain society by stronger bonds than those that human laws impose4 ,they were the invention of that ancient science and wisdom which exhausted all its resources to make legislation perfect2 and of that philosophy which has ever sought to secure the happiness of man1 by purifying his soul from the passions which can trouble it1 and as a necessary consequence introduce social disorder4 ,and that they were the work of genius is evident from their employment of all the sciences1 a profound knowledge of the human heart1 and the means of subduing it4 ,it is a still greater mistake to imagine that they were the inventions of charlatanism1 and means of deception4 ,they may in the lapse of time have degenerated into imposture and schools of false ideas2 but they were not so at the beginning2 or else the wisest and best men of antiquity have uttered the most willful falsehoods4 ,in process of time the very allegories of the ,mysteries themselves1 ,tartarus and its punishments1 ,minos and the other judges of the dead1 came to be misunderstood1 and to be false because they were so2 while at first they were true1 because they were recognized as merely the arbitrary forms in which truths were enveloped4 ,the object of the ,mysteries was to procure for man a real felicity on earth by the means of virtue2 and to that end he was taught that his soul was immortal2 and that error1 sin1 and vice must needs1 by an inflexible law1 produce their consequences4 ,the rude representation of physical torture in ,tartarus was but an image of the certain1 unavoidable1 eternal consequences that flow by the law of ,god's enactment from the sin committed and the vice indulged in4 ,the poets and mystagogues labored to propagate these doctrines of the soul's immortality and the certain punishment of sin and vice1 and to accredit them with the people1 by teaching them the former in their poems1 and the latter in the sanctuaries2 and they clothed them with the charms1 the one of poetry1 and the other of spectacles and magic illusions4 ,they painted1 aided by all the resources of art1 the virtuous man's happy life after death1 and the horrors of the frightful prisons destined to punish the vicious4 ,in the shades of the sanctuaries1 these delights and horrors were exhibited as spectacles1 and the ,initiates witnessed religious dramas1 under the name of initiation and mysteries4 ,curiosity was excited by secrecy1 by the difficulty experienced in obtaining admission1 and by the tests to be undergone4 ,the candidate was amused by the variety of the scenery1 the pomp of the decorations1 the appliances of machinery4 ,respect was inspired by the gravity and dignity of the actors and the majesty of the ceremonial2 and fear and hope1 sadness and delight1 were in turns excited4 ,the ,hierophants1 men of intellect1 and well understanding the disposition of the people and the art of controlling them1 used every appliance to attain that object1 and give importance and impressiveness to their ceremonies4 ,as they covered those ceremonies with the veil of ,secrecy1 so they preferred that ,night should cover them with its wings4 ,obscurity adds to impressiveness1 and assists illusion2 and they used it to produce an effect upon the astonished ,initiate4 ,the ceremonies were conducted in caverns dimly lighted3 thick groves were planted around the ,temples1 to produce that gloom that impresses the mind with a religious awe4 ,the very word mystery1 according to ,demetrius ,phalereus1 was a metaphorical expression that denoted the secret awe which darkness and gloom inspired4 ,the night was almost always the time fixed for their celebration2 and they were ordinarily termed nocturnal ceremonies4 ,initiations into the ,mysteries of ,samothrace took place at night2 as did those of ,isis1 of which ,apuleius speaks4 ,euripides makes ,bacchus say1 that his ,mysteries were celebrated at night1 because there is in night something august and imposing4 ,nothing excites men's curiosity so much as ,mystery1 concealing things which they desire to know3 and nothing so much increases curiosity as obstacles that interpose to prevent them from indulging in the gratification of their desires4 ,of this the ,legislators and ,hierophants took advantage1 to attract the people to their sanctuaries1 and to induce them to seek to obtain lessons from which they would perhaps have turned away with indifference1 if they had been pressed upon them4 ,in this spirit of mystery they professed to imitate the ,deity1 who hides ,himself from our senses1 and conceals from us the springs by which ,he moves the ,universe4 ,they admitted that they concealed the highest truths under the veil of allegory1 the more to excite the curiosity of men1 and to urge them to investigation4 ,the secrecy in which they buried their ,mysteries1 had that end4 ,those to whom they were confided1 bound themselves1 by the most fearful oaths1 never to reveal them4 ,they were not allowed even to speak of these important secrets with any others than the initiated2 and the penalty of death was pronounced against any one indiscreet enough to reveal them1 or found in the ,temple without being an ,initiate2 and any one who had betrayed those secrets1 was avoided by all1 as excommunicated4 ,aristotle was accused of impiety1 by the ,hierophant ,eurymedon1 for having sacrificed to the mans of his wife1 according to the rite used in the worship of ,ceres4 ,he was compelled to flee to ,chalcis2 and to purge his memory from this stain1 he directed1 by his will1 the erection of a ,statue to that ,goddess4 ,socrates1 dying1 sacrificed to ,esculapius1 to exculpate himself from the suspicion of ,atheism4 ,a price was set on the head of ,diagoras1 because he had divulged the ,secret of the ,mysteries4 ,andocides was accused of the same crime1 as was ,alcibiades1 and both were cited to answer the charge before the inquisition at ,athens1 where the ,people were the ,judges4 schylus the ,tragedian was accused of having represented the ,mysteries on the stage2 and was acquitted only on proving that he had never been initiated4 ,seneca1 comparing ,philosophy to initiation1 says that the most sacred ceremonies could be known to the adepts alone3 but that many of their precepts were known even to the ,profane4 ,such was the case with the doctrine of a future life1 and a state of rewards and punishments beyond the grave4 ,the ancient legislators clothed this doctrine in the pomp of a mysterious ceremony1 in mystic words and magical representations1 to impress upon the mind the truths they taught1 by the strong influence of such scenic displays upon the senses and imagination4 ,in the same way they taught the origin of the soul1 its fall to the earth past the spheres and through the elements1 and its final return to the place of its origin1 when1 during the continuance of its union with earthly matter1 the sacred fire1 which formed its essence1 had contracted no stains1 and its brightness had not been marred by foreign particles1 which1 denaturalizing it1 weighed it down and delayed its return4 ,these metaphysical ideas1 with difficulty comprehended by the mass of the ,initiates1 were represented by figures1 by symbols1 and by allegorical analogies2 no idea being so abstract that men do not seek to give it expression by1 and translate it into1 sensible images4 ,the attraction of ,secrecy was enhanced by the difficulty of obtaining admission4 ,obstacles and suspense redoubled curiosity4 ,those who aspired to the initiation of the ,sun and in the ,mysteries of ,mithras in ,persia1 underwent many trials4 ,they commenced by easy tests and arrived by degrees at those that were most cruel1 in which the life of the candidate was often endangered4 ,gregory ,nazianzen terms them tortures and mystic punishments4 ,no one can be initiated1 says ,suidas1 until after he has proven1 by the most terrible trials1 that he possesses a virtuous soul1 exempt from the sway of every passion1 and at it were impassible4 ,there were twelve principal tests2 and some make the number larger4 ,the trials of the ,eleusinian initiations were not so terrible2 but they were severe2 and the suspense1 above all1 in which the aspirant was kept for several years the memory of which is retained in ,masonry by the ages of those of the different ,degrees1 or the interval between admission to the inferior and initiation in the great ,mysteries1 was a species of torture to the curiosity which it was desired to excite4 ,thus the ,egyptian ,priests tried ,pythagoras before admitting him to know the secrets of the sacred science4 ,he succeeded1 by his incredible patience and the courage with which he surmounted all obstacles1 in obtaining admission to their society and receiving their lessons4 ,among the ,jews1 the ,essenes admitted none among them1 until they had passed the tests or several ,degrees4 ,by initiation1 those who before were fellow-citizens only1 became brothers1 connected by a closer bond than before1 by mean of a religious fraternity1 which1 bringing men nearer together united them more strongly3 and the weak and the poor could more readily appeal for assistance to the powerful and the wealthy1 with whom religious association gave them a closer fellowship4 ,the ,initiate was regarded as the favorite of the ,gods4 ,for him alone ,heaven opened its treasures4 ,fortunate during life1 he could1 by virtue and the favor of ,heaven1 promise himself after death an eternal felicity4 ,the ,priests of the ,island of ,samothrace promised favorable winds and prosperous voyages to those who were initiated4 ,it was promised them that the ,,cabiri1 and ,castor and ,pollux1 the ,,dioscuri1 should appear to them when the storm raged1 and give them calms and smooth seas3 and the ,scholiast of ,aristophanes says that those initiated in the ,mysteries there were just men1 who were privileged to escape from great evils and tempests4 ,the ,initiate in the ,mysteries of ,orpheus1 after he was purified1 was considered as released from the empire of evil1 and transferred to a condition of life which gave him the happiest hopes4 ,i have emerged from evil1 he was made to say1 and have attained good4 ,those initiated in the ,mysteries of ,eleusis believed that the ,sun blazed with a pure splendor for them alone4 ,and1 as we see in the case of ,pericles1 they flattered themselves that ,ceres and ,proserpine inspired them and gave them wisdom and counsel4 ,initiation dissipated errors and banished misfortune3 and after having filled the heart of man with joy during life1 it gave him the most blissful hopes at the moment of death4 ,we owe it to the ,goddesses of ,eleusis1 says ,socrates1 that we do not lead the wild life of the earliest men3 and to them are due the flattering hopes which initiation gives us for the moment of death and for all eternity4 ,the benefit which we reap from these august ceremonies1 says ,aristides1 is not only present joy1 a deliverance and enfranchisement from the old ills2 but also the sweet hope which we have in death of passing to a more fortunate state4 ,and ,theon says that participation of the ,mysteries is the finest of all things1 and the source of the greatest blessings4 ,the happiness promised there was not limited to this mortal life2 but it extended beyond the grave4 ,there a new life was to commence1 during which the ,initiate was to enjoy a bliss without alloy and without limit4 ,the ,corybantes promised eternal life to the ,initiates of the ,mysteries of ,cybele and ,atys4 ,apuleius represents ,lucius1 while still in the form of an ass1 as addressing his prayers to ,isis1 whom he speaks of as the same as ,ceres1 ,venus1 ,diana1 and ,proserpine1 and as illuminating the walls of many cities simultaneously with her feminine lustre1 and substituting her quivering light for the bright rays of the ,sun4 ,she appears to him in his vision as a beautiful female1 over whose divine neck her long thick hair hung in graceful ringlets4 ,addressing him1 she says1 ,the parent of ,universal nature attends thy call4 ,the mistress of the ,elements1 initiative germ of generations1 ,supreme of ,deities1 ,queen of departed spirits1 first inhabitant of ,heaven1 and uniform type of all the ,gods and ,goddesses1 propitiated by thy prayers1 is with thee4 ,she governs with her nod the luminous heights of the firmament1 the salubrious breezes of the ocean2 the silent deplorable depths of the shades below2 one ,sole ,divinity under many forms1 worshipped by the different nations of the ,earth under many titles1 and with various religious rites4 ,directing him how to proceed1 at her festival1 to re-obtain his human shape1 she says3 ,throughout the entire course of the remainder of thy life1 until the very last breath has vanished from thy lips1 thou art devoted to my service4444 ,under my protection will thy life be happy and glorious3 and when1 thy days being spent1 thou shalt descend to the shades below1 and inhabit the ,elysian fields1 there also1 even in the subterranean hemisphere1 shalt thou pay frequent worship to me1 thy propitious patron3 and yet further3 if through sedulous obedience1 religious devotion to my ministry1 and inviolable chastity1 thou shalt prove thyself a worthy object of divine favor1 then shalt thou feel the influence of the power that ,i alone possess4 ,the number of thy days shall be prolonged beyond the ,ordinary decrees of fate4 ,in the procession of the festival1 ,lucius saw the image of the ,goddess1 on either side of which were female attendants1 that1 with ivory combs in their hands1 made believe1 by the motion of their arms and the twisting of their fingers1 to comb and ornament the ,goddess' royal hair4 ,afterward1 clad in linen robes1 came the initiated4 ,the hair of the women was moistened by perfume1 and enveloped in a transparent covering2 but the men1 terrestrial stars1 as it were1 of the great religion1 were thoroughly shaven1 and their bald heads shone exceedingly4 ,afterward came the ,priests1 in robes of white linen4 ,the first bore a lamp in the form of a boat1 emitting flame from an orifice in the middle3 the second1 a small altar3 the third1 a golden palm-tree3 and the fourth displayed the figure of a left hand1 the palm open and expanded1 representing thereby a symbol of equity and fair-dealing1 of which the left hand1 as slower than the right hand1 and more void of skill and craft1 is therefore an appropriate emblem4 ,after ,lucius had1 by the grace of ,isis1 recovered his human form1 the ,priest said to him1 ,calamity hath no hold on those whom our ,goddess hath chosen for her service1 and whom her majesty hath vindicated4 ,and the people declared that he was fortunate to be thus after a manner born again1 and at once betrothed to the service of the ,holy ,ministry4 ,when he urged the ,chief ,priest to initiate him1 he was answered that there was not a single one among the initiated1 of a mind so depraved1 or so bent on his own destruction1 as1 without receiving a special command from ,isis1 to dare to undertake her ministry rashly and sacrilegiously1 and thereby commit an act certain to bring upon himself a dreadful injury4 ,for1 continued the ,chief ,priest1 the gates of the shades below1 and the care of our life being in the hands of the ,goddess1--the ceremony of initiation into the ,mysteries is1 as it were1 to suffer death1 with the precarious chance of resuscitation4 ,wherefore the ,goddess1 in the wisdom of her ,divinity1 hath been accustomed to select as persons to whom the secrets of her religion can with propriety be entrusted1 those who1 standing as it were on the utmost limit of the course of life they have completed1 may through her ,providence be in a manner born again1 and commence the career of a new existence4 ,when he was finally to be initiated1 he was conducted to the nearest baths1 and after having bathed1 the ,priest first solicited forgiveness of the ,gods1 and then sprinkled him all over with the clearest and purest water1 and conducted him back to the ,temple1 where1 says ,apuleius1 after giving me some instruction1 that mortal tongue is not permitted to reveal1 he bade me for the succeeding ten days restrain my appetite1 eat no animal food1 and drink no wine4 ,these ten days elapsed1 the ,priest led him into the inmost recesses of the ,sanctuary4 ,and here1 studious reader1 he continues1 peradventure thou wilt be sufficiently anxious to know all that was said and done1 which1 were it lawful to divulge1 ,i would tell thee2 and1 wert thou permitted to hear1 thou shouldst know4 ,nevertheless1 although the disclosure would affix the penalty of rash curiosity to my tongue as well as thy ears1 yet will ,i1 for fear thou shouldst be too long tormented with religious longing1 and suffer the pain of protracted suspense1 tell the truth notwithstanding4 ,listen then to what ,i shall relate4 ,i approached the abode of death2 with my foot ,i pressed the threshold of ,proserpine's ,palace4 ,i was transported through the elements1 and conducted back again4 ,at midnight ,i saw the bright light of the sun shining4 ,i stood in the presence of the ,gods1 the ,gods of ,heaven and of the ,shades below2 ay1 stood near and worshipped4 ,and now have ,i told thee such things that1 hearing1 thou necessarily canst not understand2 and being beyond the comprehension of the ,profane1 ,i can enunciate without committing a crime4 ,after night had passed1 and the morning had dawned1 the usual ceremonies were at an end4 ,then he was consecrated by twelve stoles being put upon him1 clothed1 crowned with palm-leaves1 and exhibited to the people4 ,the remainder of that day was celebrated as his birthday and passed in festivities2 and on the third day afterward1 the same religious ceremonies were repeated1 including a religious breakfast1 followed by a final consummation of ceremonies4 ,a year afterward1 he was warned to prepare for initiation into the ,mysteries of the ,great ,god1 ,supreme ,parent of all the other ,gods1 the invincible ,,osiris4 ,for1 says ,apuleius1 although there is a strict connexion between the religions of both ,deities1 ,,and ,,even ,,the ,,essence ,,of ,,both ,,divinities ,,is ,,identical1 the ceremonies of the respective initiations are considerably different4 ,compare with this hint the following language of the prayer of ,lucius1 addressed to ,isis2 and we may judge what doctrines were taught in the ,mysteries1 in regard to the ,deity3 ,o ,holy and ,perpetual ,preserver of the ,human ,race6 ever ready to cherish ,mortals by ,thy munificence1 and to afford ,thy sweet maternal affection to the wretched under misfortune2 ,whose bounty is never at rest1 neither by day nor by night1 nor throughout the very minutest particle of duration2 ,thou who stretchest forth ,thy health-bearing right hand over the land and over the sea for the protection of mankind1 to disperse the storms of life1 to unravel the inextricable entanglement of the web of fate1 to mitigate the tempests of fortune1 and restrain the malignant influences of the stars1--the ,gods in ,heaven adore ,thee1 the ,gods in the shades below do ,thee homage1 the stars obey ,thee1 the ,divinities rejoice in ,thee1 the elements and the revolving seasons serve ,thee6 ,at ,thy nod the winds breathe1 clouds gather1 seeds grow1 buds germinate2 in obedience to ,thee the ,earth revolves ,,and ,,the ,,sun ,,gives ,,us ,,light4 ,,it ,,is ,,thou ,,who ,,governest ,,the ,,universe ,,and ,,treadest ,,tartarus ,,under ,,thy ,,feet4 ,then he was initiated into the nocturnal ,mysteries of ,osiris and ,serapis3 and afterward into those of ,ceres at ,rome3 but of the ceremonies in these initiations1 ,apuleius says nothing4 ,under the ,archonship of ,euclid1 bastards and slaves were excluded from initiation2 and the same exclusion obtained against the ,materialists or ,epicureans who denied ,providence and consequently the utility of initiation4 ,by a natural progress1 it came at length to be considered that the gates of ,elysium would open only for the ,initiates1 whose souls had been purified and regenerated in the sanctuaries4 ,but it was never held1 on the other hand1 that initiation alone sufficed4 ,we learn from ,plato1 that it was also necessary for the soul to be purified from every stain3 and that the purification necessary was such as gave virtue1 truth1 wisdom1 strength1 justice1 and temperance4 ,entrance to the ,temples was forbidden to all who had committed homicide1 even if it were involuntary4 ,so it is stated by both ,isocrates and ,theon4 ,magicians and ,charlatans who made trickery a trade1 and impostors pretending to be possessed by evil spirits1 were excluded from the sanctuaries4 ,every impious person and criminal was rejected2 and ,lampridius states that before the celebration of the ,mysteries1 public notice was given1 that none need apply to enter but those against whom their consciences uttered no reproach1 and who were certain of their own innocence4 ,it was required of the ,initiate that his heart and hands should be free from any stain4 ,porphyry says that man's soul1 at death1 should be enfranchised from all the passions1 from hate1 envy1 and the others2 and1 in a word1 be as pure as it is required to be in the ,mysteries4 ,of course it is not surprising that parricides and perjurers1 and others who had committed crimes against ,god or man1 could not be admitted4 ,in the ,mysteries of ,mithras1 a lecture was repeated to the ,initiate on the subject of ,justice4 ,and the great moral lesson of the ,mysteries1 to which all their mystic ceremonial tended1 expressed in a single line by ,virgil1 was to practise ,justice and revere the ,deity2--thus recalling men to justice1 by connecting it with the justice of the ,gods1 who require it and punish its infraction4 ,the ,initiate could aspire to the favors of the ,gods1 only because and while he respected the rights of society and those of humanity4 ,the sun1 says the chorus of ,initiates in ,aristophanes1 burns with a pure light for us alone1 who1 admitted to the ,mysteries1 observe the laws of piety in our intercourse with strangers and our fellow-citizens4 ,the rewards of initiation were attached to the practice of the social virtues4 ,it was not enough to be initiated merely4 ,it was necessary to be faithful to the laws of initiation1 which imposed on men duties in regard to their kind4 ,bacchus allowed none to participate in his ,mysteries1 but men who conformed to the rules of piety and justice4 ,sensibility1 above all1 and compassion for the misfortunes of others1 were precious virtues1 which initiation strove to encourage4 ,nature1 says ,juvenal1 has created us compassionate1 since it has endowed us with tears4 ,sensibility is the most admirable of our senses4 ,what man is truly worthy of the torch of the ,mysteries2 who such as the ,priest of ,ceres requires him to be1 if he regards the misfortunes of others as wholly foreign to himself8 ,all who had not used their endeavors to defeat a conspiracy2 and those who had on the contrary fomented one2 those citizens who had betrayed their country1 who had surrendered an advantageous post or place1 or the vessels of the ,state1 to the enemy2 all who had supplied the enemy with money2 and in general1 all who had come short of their duties as honest men and good citizens1 were excluded from the ,mysteries of ,eleusis4 ,to be admitted there1 one must have lived equitably1 and with sufficient good fortune not to be regarded as hated by the ,gods4 ,thus the ,society of the ,initiates was1 in its principle1 and according to the true purpose of its institution1 a society of virtuous men1 who labored to free their souls from the tyranny of the passions1 and to develop the germ of all the social virtues4 ,and this was the meaning of the idea1 afterward misunderstood1 that entry into ,elysium was only allowed to the ,initiates3 because entrance to the sanctuaries was allowed to the virtuous only1 and ,elysium was created for virtuous souls alone4 ,the precise nature and details of the doctrines as to a future life1 and rewards and punishments there1 developed in the ,mysteries1 is in a measure uncertain4 ,little direct information in regard to it has come down to us4 ,no doubt1 in the ceremonies there was a scenic representation of ,tartarus and the judgment of the dead1 resembling that which we find in ,virgil3 but there is as little doubt that these representations were explained to be allegorical4 ,it is not our purpose here to repeat the descriptions given of ,elysium and ,tartarus4 ,that would be aside from our object4 ,we are only concerned with the great fact that the ,mysteries taught the doctrine of the soul's immortality1 and that1 in some shape1 suffering1 pain1 remorse1 and agony1 ever follow sin as its consequences4 ,human ceremonies are indeed but imperfect symbols2 and the alternate baptisms in fire and water intended to purify us into immortality1 are ever in this world interrupted at the moment of their anticipated completion4 ,life is a mirror which reflects only to deceive1 a tissue perpetually interrupted and broken1 an urn forever fed1 yet never full4 ,all initiation is but introductory to the great change of death ,baptism1 anointing1 embalming1 obsequies by burial or fire1 are preparatory symbols1 like the initiation of ,hercules before descending to the ,shades1 pointing out the mental change which ought to precede the renewal of existence4 ,death is the true initiation1 to which sleep is the introductory or minor mystery4 ,it is the final rite which united the ,egyptian with his ,god1 and which opens the same promise to all who are duly prepared for it4 ,the body was deemed a prison for the soul2 but the latter was not condemned to eternal banishment and imprisonment4 ,the ,father of the ,worlds permits its chains to be broken1 and has provided in the course of ,nature the means of its escape4 ,it was a doctrine of immemorial antiquity1 shared alike by ,egyptians1 ,pythagoreans1 the ,orphici1 and by that characteristic ,bacchic ,sage1 the ,preceptor of the ,soul1 ,silenus1 that death is far better than life2 that the real death belongs to those who on earth are immersed in the ,lethe of its passions and fascinations1 and that the true life commences only when the soul is emancipated for its return4 ,and in this sense1 as presiding over life and death1 ,dionusos is in the highest sense the ,,liberator3 since1 like ,osiris1 he frees the soul1 and guides it in its migrations beyond the grave1 preserving it from the risk of again falling under the slavery of matter or of some inferior animal form1 the purgatory of ,metempsychosis2 and exalting and perfecting its nature through the purifying discipline of his ,mysteries4 ,the great consummation of all philosophy1 said ,socrates1 professedly quoting from traditional and mystic sources1 is ,death3 ,he who pursues philosophy aright1 is studying how to die4 ,all soul is part of the ,universal ,soul1 whose totality is ,dionusos2 and it is therefore he who1 as ,spirit of ,spirits1 leads back the vagrant spirit to its home1 and accompanies it through the purifying processes1 both real and symbolical1 of its earthly transit4 ,he is therefore emphatically the ,mystes or ,hierophant1 the great ,spiritual ,mediator of ,greek religion4 ,the human soul is itself ,greek3 a ,god within the mind1 capable through its own power of rivalling the canonization of the ,hero1 of making itself immortal by the practice of the good1 and the contemplation of the beautiful and true4 ,the removal to the ,happy ,islands could only be understood mythically2 everything earthly must die2 ,man1 like dipus1 is wounded from his birth1 his real elysium can exist only beyond the grave4 ,dionusos died and descended to the shades4 ,his passion was the great ,secret of the ,mysteries2 as ,death is the ,grand ,mystery of existence4 ,his death1 typical of ,nature's ,death1 or of her periodical decay and restoration1 was one of the many symbols of the palingenesia or second birth of man4 ,man descended from the elemental ,forces or ,titans ,elohim1 who fed on the body of the ,pantheistic ,deity creating the ,universe by self-sacrifice1 commemorates in sacramental observance this mysterious passion2 and while partaking of the raw flesh of the victim1 seems to be invigorated by a fresh draught from the fountain of universal life1 to receive a new pledge of regenerated existence4 ,death is the inseparable antecedent of life2 the seed dies in order to produce the plant1 and earth itself is rent asunder and dies at the birth of ,dionusos4 ,hence the significancy of the phallus1 or of its inoffensive substitute1 the obelisk1 rising as an emblem of resurrection by the tomb of buried ,deity at ,lerna or at ,sais4 ,dionusos-,orpheus descended to the ,shades to recover the lost ,virgin of the ,zodiac1 to bring back his mother to the sky as ,thyone2 or what has the same meaning1 to consummate his eventful marriage with ,persephone1 thereby securing1 like the nuptials of his father with ,semele or ,dana1 the perpetuity of ,nature4 ,his under-earth office is the depression of the year1 the wintry aspect in the alternations of bull and serpent1 whose united series makes up the continuity of ,time1 and in which1 physically speaking1 the stern and dark are ever the parents of the beautiful and bright4 ,it was this aspect1 sombre for the moment1 but bright by anticipation1 which was contemplated in the ,mysteries3 the human sufferer was consoled by witnessing the severer trials of the ,gods2 and the vicissitudes of life and death1 expressed by apposite symbols1 such as the sacrifice or submersion of the ,bull1 the extinction and re-illumination of the torch1 excited corresponding emotions of alternate grief and joy1 that play of passion which was present at the origin of ,nature1 and which accompanies all her changes4 ,the greater ,eleusini2 were celebrated in the month ,bodromion1 when the seed was buried in the ground1 and when the year1 verging to its decline1 disposes the mind to serious reflection4 ,the first days of the ceremonial were passed in sorrow and anxious silence1 in fasting and expiatory or lustral offices4 ,on a sudden1 the scene was changed3 sorrow and lamentation were discarded1 the glad name of ,iacchus passed from mouth to mouth1 the image of the ,god1 crowned with myrtle and bearing a lighted torch1 was borne in joyful procession from the ,ceramicus to ,eleusis1 where1 during the ensuing night1 the initiation was completed by an imposing revelation4 ,the first scene was in the ,greek3 1 or outer court of the sacred enclosure1 where amidst utter darkness1 or while the meditating ,god1 the star illuminating the ,nocturnal ,mystery1 alone carried an unextinguished torch1 the candidates were overawed with terrific sounds and noises1 while they painfully groped their way1 as in the gloomy cavern of the soul's sublunar migration2 a scene justly compared to the passage of the ,valley of the ,shadow of ,death4 ,for by the immutable law exemplified in the trials of ,psyche1 man must pass through the terrors of the under-world1 before he can reach the height of ,heaven4 ,at length the gates of the adytum were thrown open1 a supernatural light streamed from the illuminated statue of the ,goddess1 and enchanting sights and sounds1 mingled with songs and dances1 exalted the communicant to a rapture of supreme felicity1 realizing1 as far as sensuous imagery could depict1 the anticipated reunion with the ,gods4 ,in the dearth of direct evidence as to the detail of the ceremonies enacted1 or of the meanings connected with them1 their tendency must be inferred from the characteristics of the contemplated deities with their accessory symbols and mythi1 or from direct testimony as to the value of the ,mysteries generally4 ,the ordinary phenomena of vegetation1 the death of the seed in giving birth to the plant1 connecting the sublimest hopes with the plainest occurrences1 was the simple yet beautiful formula assumed by the great mystery in almost all religions1 from the ,zend-,avesta to the ,gospel4 ,as ,proserpina1 the divine power is as the seed decaying and destroyed2 as ,artemis1 she is the principle of its destruction2 but ,artemis ,proserpina is also ,cot ,soteria1 the ,saviour1 who leads the ,spirits of ,hercules and ,hyacinthus to ,heaven4 ,many other emblems were employed in the ,mysteries1--as the dove1 the myrtle-wreath1 and others1 all significant of life rising out of death1 and of the equivocal condition of dying yet immortal man4 ,the horrors and punishments of ,tartarus1 as described in the ,phdo and the neid1 with all the ceremonies of the judgments of ,minos1 ,eacus1 and ,rhadamanthus1 were represented1 sometimes more and sometimes less fully1 in the ,mysteries2 in order to impress upon the minds of the ,initiates this great lesson1--that we should be ever prepared to appear before the ,supreme ,judge1 with a heart pure and spotless2 as ,socrates teaches in the ,gorgias4 ,for the soul stained with crimes1 he says1 to descend to the ,shades1 is the bitterest ill4 ,to adhere to ,justice and ,wisdom1 ,plato holds1 is our duty1 that we may some day take that lofty road that leads toward the heavens1 and avoid most of the evils to which the soul is exposed in its subterranean journey of a thousand years4 ,and so in the ,phdo1 ,socrates teaches that we should seek here below to free our soul of its passions1 in order to be ready to enter our appearance1 whenever ,destiny summons us to the ,shades4 ,thus the ,mysteries inculcated a great moral truth1 veiled with a fable of huge proportions and the appliances of an impressive spectacle1 to which1 exhibited in the sanctuaries1 art and natural magic lent all they had that was imposing4 ,they sought to strengthen men against the horrors of death and the fearful idea of utter annihilation4 ,death1 says the author of the dialogue1 entitled ,axiochus1 included in the works of ,plato1 is but a passage to a happier state2 but one must have lived well1 to attain that most fortunate result4 ,so that the doctrine of the immortality of the soul was consoling to the virtuous and religious man alone2 while to all others it came with menaces and despair1 surrounding them with terrors and alarms that disturbed their repose during all their life4 ,for the material horrors of ,tartarus1 allegorical to the ,initiate1 were real to the mass of the ,profane2 nor in latter times1 did1 perhaps many ,initiates read rightly the allegory4 ,the triple-walled prison1 which the condemned soul first met1 round which swelled and surged the fiery waves of ,phlegethon1 wherein rolled roaring1 huge1 blazing rocks2 the great gate with columns of adamant1 which none save the ,gods could crush2 ,tisiphone1 their warder1 with her bloody robes2 the lash resounding on the mangled bodies of the miserable unfortunates1 their plaintive groans1 mingled in horrid harmony with the clashings of their chains2 the ,furies1 lashing the guilty with their snakes2 the awful abyss where ,hydra howls with its hundred heads1 greedy to devour2 ,tityus1 prostrate1 and his entrails fed upon by the cruel vulture3 ,sisyphus1 ever rolling his rock2 ,ixion on his wheel2 ,tantalus tortured by eternal thirst and hunger1 in the midst of water and with declicious fruits touching his head2 the daughters of ,danaus at their eternal1 fruitless task2 beasts biting and venomous reptiles stinging2 and devouring flame eternally consuming bodies ever renewed in endless agony2 all these sternly impressed upon the people the terrible consequences of sin and vice1 and urged them to pursue the paths of honesty and virtue4 ,and if1 in the ceremonies of the ,mysteries1 these material horrors were explained to the ,initiates as mere symbols of the unimaginable torture1 remorse1 and agony that would rend the immaterial soul and rack the immortal spirit1 they were feeble and insufficient in the same mode and measure only1 as all material images and symbols fall short of that which is beyond the cognizance of our senses3 and the grave ,hierophant1 the imagery1 the paintings1 the dramatic horrors1 the funeral sacrifices1 the august mysteries1 the solemn silence of the sanctuaries1 were none the less impressive1 because they were known to be but symbols1 that with material shows and images made the imagination to be the teacher of the intellect4 ,so1 too1 it was represented1 that except for the gravest sins there was an opportunity for expiation2 and the tests of water1 air1 and fire were represented2 by means of which1 during the march of many years1 the soul could be purified1 and rise toward the ethereal regions2 that ascent being more or less tedious and laborious1 according as each soul was more or less clogged by the gross impediments of its sins and vices4 ,herein was shadowed forth1 7how distinctly taught the ,initiates we know not71 the doctrine that pain and sorrow1 misfortune and remorse1 are the inevitable consequences that flow from sin and vice1 as effect flows from cause2 that by each sin and every act of vice the soul drops back and loses ground in its advance toward perfection3 and that the ground so lost is and will be in reality never so recovered as that the sin shall be as if it never had been committed2 but that throughout all the eternity of its existence1 each soul shall be conscious that every act of vice or baseness it did on earth has made the distance greater between itself and ultimate perfection4 ,we see this truth glimmering in the doctrine1 taught in the ,mysteries1 that though slight and ordinary offences could be expiated by penances1 repentance1 acts of beneficence1 and prayers1 grave crimes were mortal sins1 beyond the reach of all such remedies4 ,eleusis closed her gates against ,nero3 and the ,pagan ,priests told ,constantine that among all their modes of expiation there was none so potent as could wash from his soul the dark spots left by the murder of his wife1 and his multiplied perjuries and assassinations4 ,the object of the ancient initiations being to ameliorate mankind and to perfect the intellectual part of man1 the nature of the human soul1 its origin1 its destination1 its relations to the body and to universal nature1 all formed part of the mystic science2 and to them in part the lessons given to the ,initiate were directed4 ,for it was believed that initiation tended to his perfection1 and to preventing the divine part within him1 overloaded with matter gross and earthy1 from being plunged into gloom1 and impeded in its return to the ,deity4 ,the soul1 with them1 was not a mere conception or abstraction2 but a reality including in itself life and thought2 or1 rather1 of whose essence it was to live and think4 ,it was material2 but not brute1 inert1 inactive1 lifeless1 motionless1 formless1 lightless matter4 ,it was held to be active1 reasoning1 thinking2 its natural home in the highest regions of the ,universe1 whence it descended to illuminate1 give form and movement to1 vivify1 animate1 and carry with itself the baser matter2 and whither it unceasingly tends to reascend1 when and as soon as it can free itself from its connection with that matter4 ,from that substance1 divine1 infinitely delicate and active1 essentially luminous1 the souls of men were formed1 and by it alone1 uniting with and organizing their bodies1 men lived4 ,this was the doctrine of ,pythagoras1 who learned it when he received the ,egyptian ,mysteries3 and it was the doctrine of all who1 by means of the ceremonial of initiation1 thought to purify the soul4 ,virgil makes the spirit of ,anchises teach it to neas3 and all the expiations and lustrations used in the ,mysteries were but symbols of those intellectual ones by which the soul was to be purged of its vice-spots and stains1 and freed of the incumbrance of its earthly prison1 so that it might rise unimpeded to the source from which it came4 ,hence sprung the doctrine of the transmigration of souls2 which ,pythagoras taught as an allegory1 and those who came after him received literally4 ,plato1 like him1 drew his doctrines from the ,east and the ,mysteries1 and undertook to translate the language of the symbols used there1 into that of ,philosophy2 and to prove by argument and philosophical deduction1 what1 felt by the consciousness1 the ,mysteries taught by symbols as an indisputable fact1--the immortality of the soul4 ,cicero did the same2 and followed the ,mysteries in teaching that the ,gods were but mortal men1 who for their great virtues and signal services had deserved that their souls should1 after death1 be raised to that lofty rank4 ,it being taught in the ,mysteries1 either by way of allegory1 the meaning of which was not made known except to a select few1 or1 perhaps only at a later day1 as an actual reality1 that the souls of the vicious dead passed into the bodies of those animals to whose nature their vices had most affinity1 it was also taught that the soul could avoid these transmigrations1 often successive and numerous1 by the practice of virtue1 which would acquit it of them1 free it from the circle of successive generations1 and restore it at once to its source4 ,hence nothing was so ardently prayed for by the ,initiates1 says ,proclus1 as this happy fortune1 which1 delivering them from the empire of ,evil1 would restore them to their true life1 and conduct them to the place of final rest4 ,to this doctrine probably referred those figures of animals and monsters which were exhibited to the ,initiate1 before allowing him to see the sacred light for which he sighed4 ,plato says1 that souls will not reach the term of their ills1 until the revolutions of the world have restored them to their primitive condition1 and purified them from the stains which they have contracted by the contagion of fire1 earth1 and air4 ,and he held that they could not be allowed to enter ,heaven1 until they had distinguished themselves by the practice of virtue in some one of three several bodies4 ,the ,manicheans allowed five3 ,pindar1 the same number as ,plato2 as did the ,jews4 ,and ,cicero says1 that the ancient soothsayers1 and the interpreters of the will of the ,gods1 in their religious ceremonies and initiations1 taught that we expiate here below the crimes committed in a prior life2 and for that are born4 ,it was taught in these ,mysteries1 that the soul passes through several states1 and that the pains and sorrows of this life are an expiation of prior faults4 ,this doctrine of transmigration of souls obtained1 as ,porphyry informs us1 among the ,persians and ,magi4 ,it was held in the ,east and the ,west1 and that from the remotest antiquity4 ,herodotus found it among the ,egyptians1 who made the term of the circle of migrations from one human body1 through animals1 fishes1 and birds1 to another human body1 three thousand years4 ,empedocles even held that souls went into plants4 ,of these1 the laurel was the noblest1 as of animals the lion2 both being consecrated to the ,sun1 to which1 it was held in the ,orient1 virtuous souls were to return4 ,the ,curds1 the ,chinese1 the ,kabbalists1 all held the same doctrine4 ,so ,origen held1 and the ,bishop ,synesius1 the latter of whom had been initiated1 and who thus prayed to ,god3 ,o ,father1 grant that my soul1 reunited to the light1 may not be plunged again into the defilements of earth6 ,so the ,gnostics held2 and even the ,disciples of ,christ inquired if the man who was born blind1 was not so punished for some sin that he had committed before his birth4 ,virgil1 in the celebrated allegory in which he develops the doctrines taught in the ,mysteries1 enunciated the doctrine1 held by most of the ancient philosophers1 of the pre-existence of souls1 in the eternal fire from which they emanate2 that fire which animates the ,stars1 and circulates in every part of ,nature3 and the purifications of the soul1 by fire1 water1 and air1 of which he speaks1 and which three modes were employed in the ,mysteries of ,bacchus1 were symbols of the passage of the soul into different bodies4 ,the relations of the human soul with the rest of nature were a chief object of the science of the ,mysteries4 ,the man was there brought face to face with entire nature4 ,the world1 and the spherical envelope that surrounds it1 were represented by a mystic egg1 by the side of the image of the ,sun-,god whose ,mysteries were celebrated4 ,the famous ,orphic egg was consecrated to ,bacchus in his ,mysteries4 ,it was1 says ,plutarch1 an image of the ,universe1 which engenders everything1 and contains everything in its bosom4 ,consult1 says ,macrobius1 the ,initiates of the ,mysteries of ,bacchus1 who honor with special veneration the sacred egg4 ,the rounded and almost spherical form of its shell1 he says1 which encloses it on every side1 and confines within itself the principles of life1 is a symbolic image of the world2 and the world is the universal principle of all things4 ,this symbol was borrowed from the ,egyptians1 who also consecrated the egg to ,osiris1 germ of ,light1 himself born1 says ,diodorus1 from that famous egg4 ,in ,thebes1 in ,upper ,egypt1 he was represented as emitting it from his mouth1 and causing to issue from it the first principle of heat and light1 or the ,fire-,god1 ,vulcan1 or ,phtha4 ,we find this egg even in ,japan1 between the horns of the famous ,mithriac ,bull1 whose attributes ,osiris1 ,apis1 and ,bacchus all borrowed4 ,orpheus1 author of the ,grecian ,mysteries1 which he carried from ,egypt to ,greece1 consecrated this symbol3 and taught that matter1 uncreated and informous1 existed from all eternity1 unorganized1 as chaos2 containing in itself the ,principles of all ,existences confused and intermingled1 light with darkness1 the dry with the humid1 heat with cold2 from which1 it after long ages taking the shape of an immense egg1 issued the purest matter1 or first substance1 and the residue was divided into the four elements1 from which proceeded heaven and earth and all things else4 ,this grand ,cosmogonic idea he taught in the ,mysteries2 and thus the ,hierophant explained the meaning of the mystic egg1 seen by the ,initiates in the ,sanctuary4 ,thus entire ,nature1 in her primitive organization1 was presented to him whom it was wished to instruct in her secrets and initiate in her mysteries2 and ,clemens of ,alexandria might well say that initiation was a real physiology4 ,so ,phanes1 the ,light-,god1 in the ,mysteries of the ,new ,orphics1 emerged from the egg of chaos3 and the ,persians had the great egg of ,ormuzd4 ,and ,sanchoniathon tells us that in the ,phnician theology1 the matter of chaos took the form of an egg2 and he adds3 ,such are the lessons which the ,son of ,thabion1 first ,hierophant of the ,phnicians1 turned into allegories1 in which physics and astronomy intermingled1 and which he taught to the other ,hierophants1 whose duty it was to preside at orgies and initiations2 and who1 seeking to excite the astonishment and admiration of mortals1 faithfully transmitted these things to their successors and the ,initiates4 ,in the ,mysteries was also taught the division of the ,universal ,cause into an ,active and a ,passive cause2 of which two1 ,osiris and ,isis1--the heavens and the earth were symbols4 ,these two ,first ,causes1 into which it was held that the great ,universal ,first ,cause at the beginning of things divided itself1 were the two great ,divinities1 whose worship was1 according to ,varro1 inculcated upon the ,initiates at ,samothrace4 ,as is taught1 he says1 in the initiation into the ,mysteries at ,samothrace1 ,heaven and ,earth are regarded as the two first ,divinities4 ,they are the potent ,gods worshipped in that ,island1 and whose names are consecrated in the books of our ,augurs4 ,one of them is male and the other female2 and they bear the same relation to each other as the soul does to the body1 humidity to dryness4 ,the ,curetes1 in ,crete1 had builded an altar to ,heaven and to ,earth2 whose ,mysteries they celebrated at ,gnossus1 in a cypress grove4 ,these two ,divinities1 the ,active and ,passive ,principles of the ,universe1 were commonly symbolized by the generative parts of man and woman2 to which1 in remote ages1 no idea of indecency was attached2 the ,phallus and ,cteis1 emblems of generation and production1 and which1 as such1 appeared in the ,mysteries4 ,the ,indian ,lingam was the union of both1 as were the boat and mast and the point within a circle3 all of which expressed the same philosophical idea as to the ,union of the two great ,causes of ,nature1 which concur1 one actively and the other passively1 in the generation of all beings3 which were symbolized by what we now term ,gemini1 the ,twins1 at that remote period when the ,sun was in that ,sign at the ,vernal ,equinox1 and when they were ,male and ,female2 and of which the ,phallus was perhaps taken from the generative organ of the ,bull1 when about twenty-five hundred years before our era he opened that equinox1 and became to the ,ancient ,world the symbol of the creative and generative ,power4 ,the ,initiates at ,eleusis commenced1 ,proclus says1 by invoking the two great causes of nature1 the ,heavens and the ,earth1 on which in succession they fixed their eyes1 addressing to each a prayer4 ,and they deemed it their duty to do so1 he adds1 because they saw in them the ,father and ,mother of all generations4 ,the concourse of these two agents of the ,universe was termed in theological language a marriage4 ,tertullian1 accusing the ,valentinians of having borrowed these symbols from the ,mysteries of ,eleusis1 yet admits that in those ,mysteries they were explained in a manner consistent with decency1 as representing the powers of nature4 ,he was too little of a philosopher to comprehend the sublime esoteric meaning of these emblems1 which will1 if you advance1 in other ,degrees be unfolded to you4 ,the ,christian ,fathers contented themselves with reviling and ridiculing the use of these emblems4 ,but as they in the earlier times created no indecent ideas1 and were worn alike by the most innocent youths and virtuous women1 it will be far wiser for us to seek to penetrate their meaning4 ,not only the ,egyptians1 says ,diodorus ,siculus1 but every other people that consecrate this symbol 7the ,phallus71 deem that they thereby do honor to the ,active ,force of the universal generation of all living things4 ,for the same reason1 as we learn from the geographer ,ptolemy1 it was revered among the ,assyrians and ,persians4 ,proclus remarks that in the distribution of the ,zodiac among the twelve great ,divinities1 by ancient astrology1 six signs were assigned to the male and six to the female principle4 ,there is another division of nature1 which has in all ages struck all men1 and which was not forgotten in the ,mysteries2 that of ,light and ,darkness1 ,day and ,night1 ,good and ,evil2 which mingle with1 and clash against1 and pursue or are pursued by each other throughout the ,universe4 ,the ,great ,symbolic ,egg distinctly reminded the ,initiates of this great division of the world4 ,plutarch1 treating of the dogma of a ,providence1 and of that of the two principles of ,light and ,darkness1 which he regarded as the basis of the ,ancient ,theology1 of the ,orgies and the ,mysteries1 as well among the ,greeks as the ,barbarians1--a doctrine whose origin1 according to him1 is lost in the night of time1--cites1 in support of his opinion1 the famous ,mystic ,egg of the disciples of ,zoroaster and the ,initiates in the ,mysteries of ,mithras4 ,to the ,initiates in the ,mysteries of ,eleusis was exhibited the spectacle of these two principles1 in the successive scenes of ,darkness and ,light which passed before their eyes4 ,to the profoundest darkness1 accompanied with illusions and horrid phantoms1 succeeded the most brilliant light1 whose splendor blazed round the statue of the ,goddess4 ,the candidate1 says ,dion ,chrysostomus1 passed into a mysterious temple1 of astonishing magnitude and beauty1 where were exhibited to him many mystic scenes2 where his ears were stunned with many voices2 and where ,darkness and ,light successively passed before him4 ,and ,themistius in like manner describes the ,initiate1 when about to enter into that part of the sanctuary tenanted by the ,goddess1 as filled with fear and religious awe1 wavering1 uncertain in what direction to advance through the profound darkness that envelopes him4 ,but when the ,hierophant has opened the entrance to the inmost sanctuary1 and removed the robe that hides the ,goddess1 he exhibits her to the ,initiate1 resplendent with divine light4 ,the thick shadow and gloomy atmosphere which had environed the candidate vanish2 he is filled with a vivid and glowing enthusiasm1 that lifts his soul out of the profound dejection in which it was plunged2 and the purest light succeeds to the thickest darkness4 ,in a fragment of the same writer1 preserved by ,stobus1 we learn that the ,initiate1 up to the moment when his initiation is to be consummated1 is alarmed by every kind of sight3 that astonishment and terror take his soul captive2 he trembles2 cold sweat flows from his body2 until the moment when the ,light is shown him1--a most astounding ,light1--the brilliant scene of ,elysium1 where he sees charming meadows overarched by a clear sky1 and festivals celebrated by dances2 where he hears harmonious voices1 and the majestic chants of the ,hierophants2 and views the sacred spectacles4 ,then1 absolutely free1 and enfranchised from the dominion of all ills1 he mingles with the crowd of ,initiates1 and1 crowned with flowers1 celebrates with them the holy orgies1 in the brilliant realms of ether1 and the dwelling-place of ,ormuzd4 ,in the ,mysteries of ,isis1 the candidate first passed through the dark valley of the shadow of death2 then into a place representing the elements or sublunary world1 where the two principles clash and contend2 and was finally admitted to a luminous region where the sun1 with his most brilliant light1 put to rout the shades of night4 ,then he himself put on the costume of the ,sun-,god or the ,visible ,source of ,ethereal ,light1 in whose ,mysteries he was initiated2 and passed from the empire of darkness to that of light4 ,after having set his feet on the threshold of the palace of ,pluto he ascended to the ,empyrean1 to the bosom of the ,eternal ,principle of ,light of the ,universe1 from which all souls and intelligences emanate4 ,plutarch admits that this theory of two ,principles was the basis of all the ,mysteries1 and consecrated in the religious ceremonies and ,mysteries of ,greece4 ,osiris and ,typhon1 ,ormuzd and ,ahriman1 ,bacchus and the ,titans and ,giants1 all represented these principles4 ,phanes1 the luminous ,god that issued from the ,sacred ,egg1 and ,night1 bore the sceptres in the ,mysteries of the ,new ,bacchus4 ,night and ,day were two of the eight ,gods adored in the ,mysteries of ,osiris4 ,the sojourn of ,proserpine and also of ,adonis1 during six months of each year in the upper world1 abode of light1 and six months in the lower or abode of darkness1 allegorically represented the same division of the ,universe4 ,the connection of the different initiations with the ,equinoxes which separate the ,empire of the ,nights from that of the ,days1 and fix the moment when one of these principles begins to prevail over the other1 shows that the ,mysteries referred to the continual contest between the two principles of light and darkness1 each alternately victor and vanquished4 ,the very object proposed by them shows that their basis was the theory of the two principles and their relations with the soul4 ,we celebrate the august ,mysteries of ,ceres and ,proserpine1 says the ,emperor ,julian1 at the ,autumnal ,equinox1 to obtain of the ,gods that the soul may not experience the malignant action of the ,power of ,darkness that is then about to have sway and rule in ,nature4 ,sallust the ,philosopher makes almost the same remark as to the relations of the soul with the periodical march of light and darkness1 during an annual revolution2 and assures us that the mysterious festivals of ,greece related to the same4 ,and in all the explanations given by ,macrobius of the ,sacred ,fables in regard to the ,sun1 adored under the names of ,osiris1 ,horus1 ,adonis1 ,atys1 ,bacchus1 etc41 we invariably see that they refer to the theory of the two ,principles1 ,light and ,darkness1 and the triumphs gained by one over the other4 ,in ,april was celebrated the first triumph obtained by the light of day over the length of the nights2 and the ceremonies of mourning and rejoicing had1 ,macrobius says1 as their object1 the vicissitudes of the annual administration of the world4 ,this brings us naturally to the tragic portion of these religious scenes1 and to the allegorical history of the different adventures of the ,principle1 ,light1 victor and vanquished by turns1 in the combats waged with ,darkness during each annual period4 ,here we reach the most mysterious part of the ancient initiations1 and that most interesting to the ,mason who laments the death of his ,grand ,master ,khir-,om4 ,over it ,herodotus throws the august veil of mystery and silence4 ,speaking of the ,temple of ,minerva1 or of that ,isis who was styled the ,mother of the ,sun-,god1 and whose ,mysteries were termed ,isiac1 at ,sais1 he speaks of a ,tomb in the ,temple1 in the rear of the ,chapel and against the wall2 and says1 ,it is the tomb of a man1 whose name respect requires me to conceal4 ,within the ,temple were great obelisks of stone phalli1 and a circular lake paved with stones and revetted with a parapet4 ,it seemed to me as large as that at ,delos where the ,mysteries of ,apollo were celebrated4 ,in this lake the ,egyptians celebrate1 during the night1 what they style the ,mysteries1 in which are represented the sufferings of the ,god of whom ,i have spoken above4 ,this ,god was ,osiris1 put to death by ,typhon1 and who descended to the ,shades and was restored to life2 of which he had spoken before4 ,we are reminded1 by this passage1 of the ,tomb of ,khir-,om1 his death1 and his rising from the grave1 symbolical of restoration of life2 and also of the brazen ,sea in the ,temple at ,jerusalem4 ,herodotus adds3 ,i impose upon myself a profound silence in regard to these ,mysteries1 with most of which ,i am acquainted4 ,as little will ,i speak of the initiations of ,ceres1 known among the ,greeks as ,thesmophoria4 ,what ,i shall say will not violate the respect which ,i owe to religion4 ,athenagoras quotes this passage to show that not only the ,statue but the ,tomb of ,osiris was exhibited in ,egypt1 and a tragic representation of his sufferings2 and remarks that the ,egyptians had mourning ceremonies in honor of their ,gods1 whose deaths they lamented2 and to whom they afterward sacrificed as having passed to a state of immortality4 ,it is1 however1 not difficult1 combining the different rays of light that emanate from the different ,sanctuaries1 to learn the genius and the object of these secret ceremonies4 ,we have hints1 and not details4 ,we know that the ,egyptians worshipped the ,sun1 under the name of ,osiris4 ,the misfortunes and tragical death of this ,god were an allegory relating to the ,sun4 ,typhon1 like ,ahriman1 represented ,darkness4 ,the sufferings and death of ,osiris in the ,mysteries of the ,night were a mystic image of the phenomena of ,nature1 and the conflict of the two great ,principles which share the empire of ,nature1 and most influenced our souls4 ,the ,sun is neither born1 dies1 nor is raised to life3 and the recital of these events was but an allegory1 veiling a higher truth4 ,horus1 son of ,isis1 and the same as ,apollo or the ,sun1 also died and was restored again to life and to his mother2 and the priests of ,isis celebrated these great events by mourning and joyous festival succeeding each other4 ,in the ,mysteries of ,phoenicia1 established in honor of ,thammuz or ,adoni1 also the ,sun1 the spectacle of his death and resurrection was exhibited to the ,initiates4 ,as we learn from ,meursius and ,plutarch1 a figure was exhibited representing the corpse of a young man4 ,flowers were strewed upon his body1 the women mourned for him2 a tomb was erected to him4 ,and these feasts1 as we learn from ,plutarch and ,ovid1 passed into ,greece4 ,in the ,mysteries of ,mithras1 the ,sun-,god1 in ,asia ,minor1 ,armenia and ,persia1 the death of that ,god was lamented1 and his resurrection was celebrated with the most enthusiastic expressions of joy4 ,a corpse1 we learn from ,julian ,firmicus1 was shown the ,initiates1 representing ,mithras dead2 and afterward his resurrection was announced2 and they were then invited to rejoice that the dead ,god was restored to life1 and had by means of his sufferings secured their salvation4 ,three months before1 his birth had been celebrated1 under the emblem of an infant1 born on the #beth of ,december1 or the eighth day before the ,kalends of ,january4 ,in ,greece1 in the ,mysteries of the same ,god1 honored under the name of ,bakchos1 a representation was given of his death1 slain by the ,titans2 of his descent into hell1 his subsequent resurrection1 and his return toward his ,principle or the pure abode whence he had descended to unite himself with matter4 ,in the islands of ,chios and ,tenedos1 his death was represented by the sacrifice of a man1 actually immolated4 ,the mutilation and sufferings of the same ,sun-,god1 honored in ,phrygia under the name of ,atys1 caused the tragic scenes that were1 as we learn from ,diodorus ,siculus1 represented annually in the ,mysteries of ,cybele1 mother of the ,gods4 ,an image was borne there1 representing the corpse of a young man1 over whose tomb tears were shed1 and to whom funeral honors were paid4 ,at ,samothrace1 in the ,mysteries of the ,cabiri or great ,gods1 a representation was given of the death of one of them4 ,this name was given to the ,sun1 because the ,ancient ,astronomers gave the name of ,gods ,cabiri and of ,samothrace to the two ,gods in the ,constellation ,gemini2 whom others term ,apollo and ,hercules1 two names of the ,sun4 ,athenion says that the young ,cabirus so slain was the same as the ,dionusos or ,bakchos of the ,greeks4 ,the ,pelasgi1 ancient inhabitants of ,greece1 and who settled ,samothrace1 celebrated these ,mysteries1 whose origin is unknown3 and they worshipped ,castor and ,pollux as patrons of navigation4 ,the tomb of ,apollo was at ,delphi1 where his body was laid1 after ,python1 the ,polar ,serpent that annually heralds the coming of autumn1 cold1 darkness1 and winter1 had slain him1 and over whom the ,god triumphs1 on the #beth of ,march1 on his return to the lamb of the ,vernal ,equinox4 ,in ,crete1 ,jupiter ,ammon1 or the ,sun in ,aries1 painted with the attributes of that equinoctial sign1 the ,ram or ,lamb2--that ,ammon who1 ,martianus ,copella says1 is the same as ,osiris1 ,adoni1 ,adonis1 ,atys1 and the other ,sun-,gods1--had also a tomb1 and a religious initiation2 one of the principal ceremonies of which consisted in clothing the ,initiate with the skin of a white lamb4 ,and in this we see the origin of the apron of white sheep-skin1 used in ,masonry4 ,all these deaths and resurrections1 these funeral emblems1 these anniversaries of mourning and joy1 these cenotaphs raised in different places to the ,sun-,god1 honored under different names1 had but a single object1 the allegorical narration of the events which happened here below to the ,light of ,nature1 that sacred fire from which our souls were deemed to emanate1 warring with ,matter and the dark ,principle resident therein1 ever at variance with the ,principle of ,good and ,light poured upon itself by the ,supreme ,divinity4 ,all these ,mysteries1 says ,clemens of ,alexandria1 displaying to us murders and tombs alone1 all these religious tragedies1 had a common basis1 variously ornamented3 and that basis was the fictitious death and resurrection of the ,sun1 ,soul of the ,world1 principle of life and movement in the ,sublunary ,world1 and source of our intelligences1 which are but a portion of the ,eternal ,light blazing in that ,star1 their chief centre4 ,it was in the ,sun that ,souls1 it was said1 were purified3 and to it they repaired4 ,it was one of the gates of the soul1 through which the theologians1 says ,porphyry1 say that it re-ascends toward the home of ,light and the ,good4 ,wherefore1 in the ,mysteries of ,eleusis1 the ,dadoukos 7the first officer after the ,hierophant1 who represented the ,grand ,demiourgos or ,maker of the ,universe71 who was posted in the interior of the ,temple1 and there received the candidates1 represented the ,sun4 ,it was also held that the vicissitudes experienced by the ,father of ,light had an influence on the destiny of souls2 which1 of the same substance as he1 shared his fortunes4 ,this we learn from the ,emperor ,julian and ,sallust the ,philosopher4 ,they are afflicted when he suffers3 they rejoice when he triumphs over the ,power of ,darkness which opposes his sway and hinders the happiness of ,souls1 to whom nothing is so terrible as darkness4 ,the fruit of the sufferings of the ,god1 father of light and ,souls1 slain by the ,chief of the ,powers of ,darkness1 and again restored to life1 was received in the ,mysteries4 ,his death works your ,salvation2 said the ,high ,priest of ,mithras4 ,that was the great secret of this religious tragedy1 and its expected fruit2--the resurrection of a ,god1 who1 repossessing ,himself of ,his dominion over ,darkness1 should associate with ,him in ,his triumph those virtuous ,souls that by their purity were worthy to share ,his glory2 and that strove not against the divine force that drew them to ,him1 when ,he had thus conquered4 ,to the ,initiate were also displayed the spectacles of the chief agents of the ,universal ,cause1 and of the distribution of the world1 in the detail of its parts arranged in most regular order4 ,the ,universe itself supplied man with the model of the first ,temple reared to the ,divinity4 ,the arrangement of the ,temple of ,solomon1 the symbolic ornaments which formed its chief decorations1 and the dress of the ,high ,priest1--all1 as ,clemens of ,alexandria1 ,josephus and ,philo state1 had reference to the order of the world4 ,clemens informs us that the ,temple contained many emblems of the ,seasons1 the ,sun1 the ,moon1 the planets1 the constellations ,ursa ,major and ,minor1 the zodiac1 the elements1 and the other parts of the world4 ,josephus1 in his description of the ,high ,priest's ,vestments1 protesting against the charge of impiety brought against the ,hebrews by other nations1 for contemning the ,heathen ,divinities1 declares it false1 because1 in the construction of the ,tabernacle1 in the vestments of the ,sacrificers1 and in the ,sacred vessels1 the whole ,world was in some sort represented4 ,of the three parts1 he says1 into which the ,temple was divided1 two represent ,earth and ,sea1 open to all men1 and the third1 ,heaven1 ,god's dwelling-place1 reserved for ,him alone4 ,the twelve loaves of ,shew-bread signify the twelve months of the year4 ,the ,candlestick represented the twelve signs through which the ,seven ,planets run their courses2 and the seven lights1 those planets2 the veils1 of four colors1 the four elements2 the tunic of the ,high ,priest1 the earth2 the ,hyacinth1 nearly blue1 the ,heavens2 the ephod1 of four colors1 the whole of nature2 the gold1 ,light2 the breast-plate1 in the middle1 this earth in the centre of the world2 the two ,sardonyxes1 used as clasps1 the ,sun and ,moon2 and the twelve precious stones of the breast-plate arranged by threes1 like the ,seasons1 the twelve months1 and the twelve signs of the zodiac4 ,even the loaves were arranged in two groups of six1 like the zodiacal signs above and below the ,equator4 ,clemens1 the learned ,bishop of ,alexandria1 and ,philo1 adopt all these explanations4 ,hermes calls the ,zodiac1 the ,grent ,tent1--,tabernaculum4 ,in the ,royal ,arch ,degree of the ,american ,rite1 the ,tabernacle has four veils1 of different colors1 to each of which belongs a banner4 ,the colors of the four are ,white1 ,blue1 ,crimson1 and ,purple1 and the banners bear the images of the ,bull1 the ,lion1 the ,man1 and the ,eagle1 the ,constellations answering #bejj years before our era to the ,equinoctial and ,solstitial points3 to which belong four stars1 ,aldebaran1 ,regulus1 ,fomalhaut1 and ,antares4 ,at each of these veils there are three words3 and to each division of the ,zodiac1 belonging to each of these ,stars1 are three ,signs4 ,the four signs1 ,taurus1 ,leo1 ,scorpio1 and ,aquarius1 were termed the fixed signs1 and are appropriately assigned to the four veils4 ,so the ,cherubim1 according to ,clemens and ,philo1 represented the two hemispheres3 their wings1 the rapid course of the firmament1 and of time which revolves in the ,zodiac4 ,for the ,heavens fly2 says ,philo1 speaking of the wings of the ,cherubim3 which were winged representations of the ,lion1 the ,bull1 the ,eagle1 and the ,man2 of two of which1 the human-headed1 winged bulls and lions1 so many have been found at ,nimroud2 adopted as beneficent symbols1 when the ,sun entered ,taurus at the ,vernal ,equinox and ,leo at the ,summer ,solstice3 and when1 also1 he entered ,scorpio for which1 on account of its malignant influences1 ,aquila1 the eagle was substituted1 at the autumnal equinox2 and ,aquarius 7the water-bearer7 at the ,winter ,solstice4 ,so1 ,clemens says1 the candlestick with seven branches represented the seven planets1 like which the seven branches were arranged and regulated1 preserving that musical proportion and system of harmony of which the sun was the centre and connection4 ,they were arranged1 says ,philo1 by threes1 like the planets above and those below the sun2 between which two groups was the branch that represented him1 the mediator or moderator of the celestial harmony4 ,he is1 in fact1 the fourth in the musical scale1 as ,philo remarks1 and ,martianus ,capella in his hymn to the ,sun4 ,near the candlestick were other emblems representing the heavens1 earth1 and the vegetative matter out of whose bosom the vapors arise4 ,the whole temple was an abridged image of the world4 ,there were candlesticks with four branches1 symbols of the elements and the seasons2 with twelve1 symbols of the signs2 and even with three hundred and sixty1 the number of days in the year1 without the supplementary days4 ,imitating the famous ,temple of ,tyre1 where were the great columns consecrated to the winds and fire1 the ,tyrian artist placed two columns of bronze at the entrance of the porch of the temple4 ,the hemispherical brazen sea1 supported by four groups of bulls1 of three each1 looking to the four cardinal points of the compass1 represented the bull of the ,vernal ,equinox1 and at ,tyre were consecrated to ,astarte2 to whom ,hiram1 ,josephus says1 had builded a temple1 and who wore on her head a helmet bearing the image of a bull4 ,and the throne of ,solomon1 with bulls adorning its arms1 and supported on lions1 like those of ,horus in ,egypt and of the ,sun at ,tyre2 likewise referred to the ,vernal ,equinox and ,summer ,solstice4 ,those who in ,thrace adored the sun1 under the name of ,saba-,zeus1 the ,grecian ,bakchos1 builded to him1 says ,macrobius1 a temple on ,mount ,zelmisso1 its round form representing the world and the sun4 ,a circular aperture in the roof admitted the light1 and introduced the image of the sun into the body of the sanctuary1 where he seemed to blaze as in the heights of ,heaven1 and to dissipate the darkness within that temple which was a representative symbol of the world4 ,there the passion1 death1 and resurrection of ,bakchos were represented4 ,so the ,temple of ,eleusis was lighted by a window in the roof4 ,the sanctuary so lighted1 ,dion compares to the ,universe1 from which he says it differed in size alone2 and in it the great lights of nature played a great part and were mystically represented4 ,the images of the ,sun1 ,moon1 and ,mercury were represented there1 7the latter the same as ,anubis who accompanied ,isis72 and they are still the three lights of a ,masonic ,lodge2 except that for ,mercury1 the ,master of the ,lodge has been absurdly substituted4 ,eusebius names as the principal ,ministers in the ,mysteries of ,eleusis1 first1 the ,hierophant1 clothed with the attributes of the ,grand ,architect 7,demiourgos7 of the ,universe4 ,after him came the ,dadoukos1 or torch-bearer1 representative of the ,sun3 then the altar-bearer1 representing the ,moon3 and last1 the ,hieroceryx1 bearing the caduceus1 and representing ,mercury4 ,it was not permissible to reveal the different emblems and the mysterious pageantry of initiation to the ,profane2 and therefore we do not know the attributes1 emblems1 and ornaments of these and other officers2 of which ,apuleius and ,pausanias dared not speak4 ,we know only that everything recounted there was marvellous2 everything done there tended to astonish the ,initiate3 and that eyes and ears were equally astounded4 ,the ,hierophant1 of lofty height1 and noble features1 with long hair1 of a great age1 grave and dignified1 with a voice sweet and sonorous1 sat upon a throne1 clad in a long trailing robe2 as the ,motive-,god of ,nature was held to be enveloped in ,his work and hidden under a veil which no mortal can raise4 ,even ,his name was concealed1 like that of the ,demiourgos1 whose name was ineffable4 ,the ,dadoukos also wore a long robe1 his hair long1 and a bandeau on his forehead4 ,callias1 when holding that office1 fighting on the great day of ,marathon1 clothed with the insignia of his office1 was taken by the ,barbarians to be a ,king4 ,the ,dadoukos led the procession of the ,initiates1 and was charged with the ,purifications4 ,we do not know the functions of the ,epibomos or assistant at the altar1 who represented the moon4 ,that planet was one of the two homes of souls1 and one of the two great gates by which they descended and reascended4 ,mercury was charged with the conducting of souls through the two great gates2 and in going from the sun to the moon they passed immediately by him4 ,he admitted or rejected them as they were more or less pure1 and therefore the ,hieroceryx or ,sacred ,herald1 who represented ,mercury was charged with the duty of excluding the ,profane from the ,mysteries4 ,the same officers are found in the procession of ,initiates of ,isis1 described by ,apuleius4 ,all clad in robes of white linen1 drawn tight across the breast1 and close-fitting down to the very feet1 came1 first1 one bearing a lamp in the shape of a boat2 second1 one carrying an altar2 and third1 one carrying a golden palm-tree and the caduceus4 ,these are the same as the three officers at ,eleusis1 after the ,hierophant4 ,then one carrying an open hand1 and pouring milk on the ground from a golden vessel in the shape of a woman's breast4 ,the hand was that of justice3 and the milk alluded to the ,galaxy or ,milky ,way1 along which souls descended and remounted4 ,two others followed1 one bearing a winnowing fan1 and the other a water-vase2 symbols of the purification of souls by air and water2 and the third purification1 by earth1 was represented by an image of the animal that cultivates it1 the cow or ox1 borne by another officer4 ,then followed a chest or ark1 magnificently ornamented1 containing an image of the organs of generation of ,osiris1 or perhaps of both sexes2 emblems of the original generating and producing ,powers4 ,when ,typhon1 said the ,egyptian fable1 cut up the body of ,osiris into pieces1 he flung his genitals into the ,nile1 where a fish devoured them4 ,atys mutilated himself1 as his ,priests afterward did in imitation of him2 and ,adonis was in that part of his body wounded by the boar3 all of which represented the loss by the ,sun of his vivifying and generative power1 when he reached the ,autumnal ,equinox 7the ,scorpion that on old monuments bites those parts of the ,vernal ,bull71 and descended toward the region of darkness and ,winter4 ,then1 says ,apuleius1 came one who carried in his bosom an object that rejoiced the heart of the bearer1 a venerable effigy of the ,supreme ,deity1 neither bearing resemblance to man1 cattle1 bird1 beast1 or any living creature3 an exquisite invention1 venerable from the novel originality of the fashioning2 a wonderful1 ineffable symbol of religious mysteries1 to be looked upon in profound silence4 ,such as it was1 its figure was that of a small urn of burnished gold1 hollowed very artistically1 rounded at the bottom1 and covered all over the outside with the wonderful hieroglyphics of the ,egyptians4 ,the spout was not elevated1 but extended laterally1 projecting like a long rivulet2 while on the opposite side was the handle1 which1 with similar lateral extension1 bore on its summit an asp1 curling its body into folds1 and stretching upward1 its wrinkled1 scaly1 swollen throat4 ,the salient basilisk1 or royal ensign of the ,pharaohs1 often occurs on the monuments--a serpent in folds1 with his head raised erect above the folds4 ,the basilisk was the ,phoenix of the serpent-tribe2 and the vase or urn was probably the vessel1 shaped like a cucumber1 with a projecting spout1 out of which1 on the monuments of ,egypt1 the priests are represented pouring streams of the cruz ansata or ,tau ,cross1 and of sceptres1 over the kings4 ,in the ,mysteries of ,mithras1 a sacred cave1 representing the whole arrangement of the world1 was used for the reception of the ,initiates4 ,zoroaster1 says ,eubulus1 first introduced this custom of consecrating caves4 ,they were also consecrated1 in ,crete1 to ,jupiter2 in ,arcadia1 to the ,moon and ,pan2 and in the ,island of ,naxos1 to ,bacchus4 ,the ,persians1 in the cave where the ,mysteries of ,mithras were celebrated1 fixed the seat of that ,god1 ,father of ,generation1 or ,demiourgos1 near the equinoctial point of ,spring1 with the ,northern portion of the world on his right1 and the ,southern on his left4 ,mithras1 says ,porphyry1 presided over the ,equinoxes1 seated on a ,bull1 the symbolical animal of the ,demiourgos1 and bearing a sword4 ,the equinoxes were the gates through which souls passed to and fro1 between the hemisphere of light and that or darkness4 ,the milky way was also represented1 passing near each of these gates3 and it was1 in the old theology1 termed the pathway of souls4 ,it is1 according to ,pythagoras1 vast troops of souls that form that luminous belt4 ,the route followed by souls1 according to ,porphyry1 or rather their progressive march in the world1 lying through the fixed stars and planets1 the ,mithriac cave not only displayed the zodiacal and other constellations1 and marked gates at the four equinoctial and solstitial points of the zodiac1 whereat souls enter into and escape from the world of generations2 and through which they pass to and fro between the realms of light and darkness2 but it represented the seven planetary spheres which they needs must traverse1 in descending from the heaven of the fixed stars to the elements that envelop the earth2 and seven gates were marked1 one for each planet1 through which they pass1 in descending or returning4 ,we learn this from ,celsus1 in ,origen2 who says that the symbolical image of this passage among the ,stars1 used in the ,mithriac ,mysteries1 was a ladder1 reaching from earth to ,heaven1 divided into seven steps or stages1 to each of which was a gate1 and at the summit an eighth1 that of the fixed stars4 ,the first gate says ,celsus1 was that of ,saturn1 and of lead1 by the heavy nature whereof his dull slow progress was symbolized4 ,the second1 of tin1 was that of ,venus1 symbolizing her soft splendor and easy flexibility4 ,the third1 of brass1 was that of ,jupiter1 emblem of his solidity and dry nature4 ,the fourth1 of iron1 was that of ,mercury1 expressing his indefatigable activity and sagacity4 ,the fifth1 of copper1 was that of ,mars1 expressive of his inequalities and variable nature4 ,the sixth1 of silver1 was that of the ,moon3 and the seventh1 of gold1 that of the ,sun4 ,this order is not the real order of these ,planets2 but a mysterious one1 like that of the days of the ,week consecrated to them1 commencing with ,saturday1 and retrograding to ,sunday4 ,it was dictated1 ,celsus says1 by certain harmonic relations1 those of the fourth4 ,thus there was an intimate connection between the ,sacred ,science of the ,mysteries1 and ancient astronomy and physics2 and the grand spectacle of the ,sanctuaries was that of the order of the ,known ,universe1 or the spectacle of ,nature itself1 surrounding the soul of the ,initiate1 as it surrounded it when it first descended through the planetary gates1 and by the equinoctal and solstitial doors1 along the ,milky ,way1 to be for the first time immured in its prison-house of matter4 ,but the ,mysteries also represented to the candidate1 by sensible symbols1 the invisible forces which move this visible ,universe1 and the virtues1 qualities1 and powers attached to matter1 and which maintain the marvellous order observed therein4 ,of this ,porphyry informs us4 ,the world1 according to the philosophers of antiquity1 was not a purely material and mechanical machine4 ,a great ,soul1 diffused everywhere1 vivified all the members of the immense body of the ,universe2 and an ,intelligence1 equally great1 directed all its movements1 and maintained the eternal harmony that resulted therefrom4 ,thus the ,unity of the ,universe1 represented by the symbolic egg1 contained in itself two units1 the ,soul and the ,intelligence1 which pervaded all its parts3 and they were to the ,universe1 considered as an animated and intelligent being1 what intelligence and the soul of life are to the individuality of man4 ,the doctrine of the ,unity of ,god1 in this sense1 was taught by ,orpheus4 ,of this his hymn or palinode is a proof2 fragments of which are quoted by many of the ,fathers1 as ,justin1 ,tatian1 ,clemens of ,alexandria1 ,cyril1 and ,theodoret1 and the whole by ,eusebius1 quoting from ,aristobulus4 ,the doctrine of the ,,logos 7word7 or the ,noos 7intellect71 his incarnation1 death1 resurrection or transfiguration2 of his union with matter1 his division in the visible world1 which he pervades1 his return to the original ,unity1 and the whole theory relative to the origin of the soul and its destiny1 were taught in the ,mysteries1 of which they were the great object4 ,the ,emperor ,julian1 explains the ,mysteries of ,atys and ,cybele by the same metaphysical principles1 respecting the demiurgical ,intelligence1 its descent into matter1 and its return to its origin3 and extends this explanation to those of ,ceres4 ,and so likewise does ,sallust the ,philosopher1 who admits in ,god a secondary intelligent ,force1 which descends into the generative matter to organize it4 ,these mystical ideas naturally formed a part of the sacred doctrine and of the ceremonies of initiation1 the object of which1 ,sallust remarks1 was to unite man with the ,world and the ,deity2 and the final term of perfection whereof was1 according to ,clemens1 the contemplation of nature1 of real beings1 and of causes4 ,the definition of ,sallust is correct4 ,the ,mysteries were practised as a means of perfecting the soul1 of making it to know its own dignity1 of reminding it of its noble origin and immortality1 and consequently of its relations with the ,universe and the ,deity1 what was meant by real beings1 was invisible beings1 genii1 the faculties or powers of nature2 everything not a part of the visible world1 which was called1 by way of opposition1 apparent existence4 ,the theory of ,genii1 or ,powers of ,nature1 and its ,forces1 personified1 made part of the ,sacred ,science of initiation1 and of that religious spectacle of different beings exhibited in the ,sanctuary4 ,it resulted from that belief in the providence and superintendence of the ,gods1 which was one of the primary bases of initiation4 ,the administration of the ,universe by ,subaltern ,genii1 to whom it is confided1 and by whom good and evil are dispensed in the world1 was a consequence of this dogma1 taught in the ,mysteries of ,mithras1 where was shown that famous egg1 shared between ,ormuzd and ,ahriman1 each of whom commissioned twenty-four ,genii to dispense the good and evil found therein2 they being under twelve ,superior ,gods1 six on the side of ,light and ,good and six on that of ,darkness and ,evil4 ,this doctrine of the ,genii1 depositaries of the ,universal ,providence1 was intimately connected with the ,ancient ,mysteries1 and adopted in the sacrifices and initiations both of ,greeks and ,barbarians4 ,plutarch says that the ,gods1 by means of ,genii1 who are intermediates between them and men1 draw near to mortals in the ceremonies of initiation1 at which the ,gods charge them to assist1 and to distribute punishment and blessing4 ,thus not the ,deity1 but ,his ministers1 or a ,principle and ,power of ,evil1 were deemed the authors of vice and sin and suffering3 and thus the ,genii or angels differed in character like men1 some being good and some evil2 some ,celestial ,gods1 ,archangels1 ,angels1 and some ,infernal ,gods1 ,demons and fallen ,angels4 ,at the head of the latter was their ,chief1 ,typhon1 ,ahriman1 or ,shaitan1 the ,evil ,principle2 who1 having wrought disorder in nature1 brought troubles on men by land and sea1 and caused the greatest ills1 is at last punished for his crimes4 ,it was these events and incidents1 says ,plutarch1 which ,isis desired to represent in the ceremonial of the ,mysteries1 established by her in memory of her sorrows and wanderings1 whereof she exhibited an image and representation in her ,sanctuaries1 where also were afforded encouragements to piety and consolation in misfortune4 ,the dogma of a ,providence1 he says1 administering the ,universe by means of intermediary ,powers1 who maintain the connection of man with the ,divinity1 was consecrated in the ,mysteries of the ,egyptians1 ,phrygians1 and ,thracians1 of the ,magi and the ,disciples of ,zoroaster2 as is plain by their initiations1 in which mournful and funereal ceremonies mingled4 ,it was an essential part of the lessons given the ,initiates1 to teach them the relations of their own souls with ,universal ,nature1 the greatest lessons of all1 meant to dignify man in his own eyes1 and teach him his place in the ,universe of things4 ,thus the whole system of the ,universe was displayed in all its parts to the eyes of the ,initiate2 and the symbolic cave which represented it was adorned and clothed with all the attributes of that ,universe4 ,to this world so organized1 endowed with a double force1 active and passive1 divided between light and darkness1 moved by a living and intelligent ,force1 governed by ,genii or ,angels who preside over its different parts1 and whose nature and character are more lofty or low in proportion as they possess a greater or less portion of dark matter1--to this world descends the soul1 emanation of the ethereal fire1 and exiled from the luminous region above the world4 ,it enters into this dark matter1 wherein the hostile ,principles1 each seconded by his troops of ,genii1 are ever in conflict1 there to submit to one or more organizations in the body which is its prison1 until it shall at last return to its place of origin1 its true native country1 from which during this life it is an exile4 ,but one thing remained1--to represent its return1 through the constellations and planetary spheres1 to its original home4 ,the celestial fire1 the philosophers said1 soul of the world and of fire1 an universal principle1 circulating above the ,heavens1 in a region infinitely pure and wholly luminous1 itself pure1 simple1 and unmixed1 is above the world by its specific lightness4 ,if any part of it 7say a human soul7 descends1 it acts against its nature in doing so1 urged by an inconsiderate desire of the intelligence1 a perfidious love for matter which causes it to descend1 to know what passes here below1 where good and evil are in conflict4 ,the ,soul1 a simple substance1 when unconnected with matter1 a ray or particle of the ,divine ,fire1 whose home is in ,heaven1 ever turns toward that home1 while united with the body1 and struggles to return thither4 ,teaching this1 the ,mysteries strove to recall man to his divine origin1 and point out to him the means of returning thither4 ,the great science acquired in the ,mysteries was knowledge of man's self1 of the nobleness of his origin1 the grandeur of his destiny1 and his superiority over the animals1 which can never acquire this knowledge1 and whom he resembles so long as he does not reflect upon his existence and sound the depths of his own nature4 ,by doing and suffering1 by virtue and piety and good deeds1 the soul was enabled at length to free itself from the body1 and ascend along the path of the ,milky ,way1 by the gate of ,capricorn and by the seven spheres1 to the place whence by many gradations and successive lapses and enthralments it had descended4 ,and thus the theory of the spheres1 and of the signs and intelligences which preside there1 and the whole system of astronomy1 were connected with that of the soul and its destiny2 and so were taught in the ,mysteries1 in which were developed the great principles of physics and metaphysics as to the origin of the soul1 its condition here below1 its destination1 and its future fate4 ,the ,greeks fix the date of the establishment of the ,mysteries of ,eleusis at the year #adbc ,b4,c41 during the reign of ,erechtheus at ,athens4 ,according to some authors1 they were instituted by ,ceres herself2 and according to others1 by that ,monarch1 who brought them from ,egypt1 where1 according to ,diodorus of ,sicily1 he was born4 ,another tradition was1 that ,orpheus introduced them into ,greece1 together with the ,dionisiac ceremonies1 copying the latter from the ,mysteries of ,osiris1 and the former from those of ,isis4 ,nor was it at ,athens only1 that the worship and ,mysteries of ,isis1 metamorphosed into ,ceres1 were established4 ,the ,botians worshipped the ,great or ,cabiric ,ceres1 in the recesses of a sacred grove1 into which none but ,initiates could enter2 and the ceremonies there observed1 and the sacred traditions of their ,mysteries1 were connected with those of the ,cabiri in ,samothrace4 ,so in ,argos1 ,phocis1 ,arcadia1 ,achaia1 ,messenia1 ,corinth1 and many other parts of ,greece1 the ,mysteries were practised1 revealing everywhere their ,egyptian origin and everywhere having the same general features2 but those of ,eleusis1 in ,attica1 ,pausanius informs us1 had been regarded by the ,greeks1 from the earliest times1 as being as far superior to all the others1 as the ,gods are to mere ,heroes4 ,similar to these were the ,mysteries of ,bona ,dea1 the ,good ,goddess1 whose name1 say ,cicero and ,plutarch1 it was not permitted to any man to know1 celebrated at ,rome from the earliest times of that city4 ,it was these ,mysteries1 practised by women alone1 the secrecy of which was impiously violated by ,clodius4 ,they were held at the ,kalends of ,may2 and1 according to ,plutarch1 much of the ceremonial greatly resembled that of the ,mysteries of ,bakchos4 ,the ,mysteries of ,venus and ,adonis belonged principally to ,syria and ,phnicia1 whence they passed into ,greece and ,sicily4 ,venus or ,astarte was the ,great ,female ,deity of the ,phnicians1 as ,hercules1 ,melkarth or ,adoni was their ,chief ,god4 ,adoni1 called by the ,greeks ,adonis1 was the lover of ,venus4 ,slain by a wound in the thigh inflicted by a wild boar in the chase1 the flower called anemone sprang from his blood4 ,venus received the corpse and obtained from ,jupiter the boon that her lover should thereafter pass six months of each year with her1 and the other six in the ,shades with ,proserpine2 an allegorical description of the alternate residence of the ,sun in the two hemispheres4 ,in these ,mysteries his death was represented and mourned1 and after this maceration and mourning were concluded1 his resurrection and ascent to ,heaven were announced4 ,ezekiel speaks of the festivals of ,adonis under the name of those of ,thammuz1 an ,assyrian ,deity1 whom every year the women mourned1 seated at the doors of their dwellings4 ,these ,mysteries1 like the others1 were celebrated in the ,spring1 at the ,vernal ,equinox1 when he was restored to life2 at which time1 when they were instituted1 the ,sun 7,,adon1 ,lord1 or ,master7 was in the ,sign ,taurus1 the domicile of ,venus4 ,he was represented with horns1 and the hymn of ,orpheus in his honor styles him the two-horned ,god2 as in ,argos ,bakchos was represented with the feet of a bull4 ,plutarch says that ,adonis and ,bakchos were regarded as one and the same ,deity2 and that this opinion was founded on the great similarity in very many respects between the ,mysteries of these two ,gods4 ,the ,mysteries of ,bakchos were known as the ,sabazian1 ,orphic1 and ,dionysiac ,festivals4 ,they went back to the remotest antiquity among the ,greeks1 and were attributed by some to ,bakchos himself1 and by others to ,orpheus4 ,the resemblance in ceremonial between the observances established in honor of ,osiris in ,egypt1 and those in honor of ,bakchos in ,greece1 the mythological traditions of the two ,gods1 and the symbols used in the festivals of each1 amply prove their identity4 ,neither the name of ,bakchos1 nor the word orgies applied to his feasts1 nor the sacred words ,used in his ,mysteries1 are ,greek1 but of foreign origin4 ,bakchos was an ,oriental ,deity1 worshipped in the ,east1 and his orgies celebrated there1 long before the ,greeks adopted them4 ,in the earliest times he was worshipped in ,india1 ,arabia1 and ,bactria4 ,he was honored in ,greece with public festivals1 and in simple or complicated ,mysteries1 varying in ceremonial in various places1 as was natural1 because his worship had come thither from different countries and at different periods4 ,the people who celebrated the complicated ,mysteries were ignorant of the meaning of many words which they used1 and of many emblems which they revered4 ,in the ,sabazian ,feasts1 for example from ,saba-,zeus an oriental name of this ,deity1 the words ,,evoi1 ,,saboi1 were used1 which are in nowise ,greek2 and a serpent of gold was thrown into the bosom of the ,initiate1 in allusion to the fable that ,jupiter had1 in the form of a serpent1 had connection with ,proserpina1 and begotten ,bakchos1 the bull2 whence the enigmatical saying1 repeated to the ,initiates1 that a bull engendered a dragon or serpent1 and the serpent in turn engendered the bull1 who became ,bakchos3 the meaning of which was1 that the bull ,taurus1 which then opened the ,vernal ,equinox1 and the ,sun in which ,sign1 figuratively represented by the ,sign itself1 was ,bakchos1 ,dionusos1 ,saba-,zeus1 ,osiris1 etc41 and the ,serpent1 another constellation1 occupied such relative positions in the ,heavens1 that when one rose the other set1 and vice versa4 ,the serpent was a familiar symbol in the ,mysteries of ,bakchos4 ,the ,initiates grasped them with their hands1 as ,orphiucus does on the celestial globe1 and the ,orpheo-telestes1 or purifier of candidates did the same1 crying1 as ,demosthenes taunted schines with doing in public at the head of the women whom his mother was to imitate1 ,,evoi1 ,,saboi1 ,,hyes ,,att1 ,,att1 ,,hyes6 ,the ,initiates in these ,mysteries had preserved the ritual and ceremonies that accorded with the simplicity of the earliest ages1 and the manners of the first men4 ,the rules of ,pythagoras were followed there4 ,like the ,egyptians1 who held wool unclean1 they buried no ,initiate in woolen garments4 ,they abstained from bloody sacrifices2 and lived on fruits or vegetables or inanimate things4 ,they imitated the life of the contemplative ,sects of the ,orient2 thus approximating to the tranquility of the first men1 who lived exempt from trouble and crimes in the bosom of a profound peace4 ,one of the most precious advantages promised by their initiation was1 to put a man in communion with the ,gods1 by purifying his soul of all the passions that interfere with that enjoyment1 and dim the rays of divine light that are communicated to every soul capable of receiving them1 and that imitate their purity4 ,one of the degrees of initiation was the state of inspiration to which the adepts were claimed to attain4 ,the ,initiates in the ,mysteries of the ,lamb1 at ,pepuza1 in ,phrygia1 professed to be inspired1 and prophesied2 and it was claimed that the soul1 by means of these religious ceremonies1 purified of all stain1 could see the ,gods in this life1 and certainly1 in all cases1 after death4 ,the sacred gates of the ,temple1 where the ceremonies of initiation were performed1 were opened but once in each year1 and no stranger was ever allowed to enter it4 ,night threw her veil over these august ,mysteries1 which could be revealed to no one4 ,there the sufferings of ,bakchos were represented1 who1 like ,osiris1 died1 descended to hell and rose to life again2 and raw flesh was distributed to the ,initiates1 which each ate1 in memory of the death of the ,deity1 torn in pieces by the ,titans4 ,these ,mysteries also were celebrated at the ,vernal ,equinox2 and the emblem of generation1 to express the active energy and generative power of the ,divinity1 was a principal symbol4 ,the ,initiates wore garlands and crowns of myrtle and laurel4 ,in these ,mysteries1 the aspirant was kept in terror and darkness to perform the three days and nights2 and was then made ,greek3 ,a 1 or ceremony representing the death of ,bakchos1 the same mythological personage with ,osiris4 ,this was effected by confining him in a close cell1 that he might seriously reflect1 in solitude and darkness1 on the business he was engaged in3 and his mind be prepared for the reception of the sublime and mysterious truths of primitive revelation and philosophy4 ,this was a symbolic death2 the deliverance from it1 regeneration2 after which he was called ,greek3 or twin-born4 ,while confined in the cell1 the pursuit of ,typhon after the mangled body of ,osiris1 and the search of ,rhea or ,isis for the same1 were enacted in his hearing2 the initiated crying aloud the names of that ,deity derived from the ,sanscrit4 ,then it was announced that the body was found2 and the aspirant was liberated amid shouts of joy and exultation4 ,then he passed through a representation of ,hell and ,elysium4 ,then1 said an ancient writer1 they are entertained with hymns and dances1 with the sublime doctrines of sacred knowledge1 and with wonderful and holy visions4 ,and now become perfect and initiated1 they are ,,free1 and no longer under restraint2 but1 crowned and triumphant1 they walk up and down the regions of the blessed1 converse with pure and holy men1 and celebrate the sacred ,mysteries at pleasure4 ,they were taught the nature and objects of the ,mysteries1 and the means of making themselves known1 and received the name of ,epopts2 were fully instructed in the nature and attributes of the ,divinity1 and the doctrine of a future state2 and made acquainted with the unity and attributes of the ,grand ,architect of the ,universe1 and the true meaning of the fables in regard to the ,gods of ,paganism3 the great ,truth being often proclaimed1 that ,zeus is the primitive ,source of all things2 there is ,,one ,god2 ,,one power1 and ,,one rule over all4 ,and after full explanation of the many symbols and emblems that surrounded them1 they were dismissed with the barbarous words ,greek3 and ,greek3 1 corruptions of the ,sanscrit words1 ,kanska ,aom ,pakscha2 meaning1 object of our wishes1 ,god1 ,silence1 or ,worship the ,deity in ,silence4 ,among the emblems used was the rod of ,bakchos2 which once1 it was said1 he cast on the ground1 and it became a serpent2 and at another time he struck the rivers ,orontes and ,hydaspes with it1 and the waters receded and he passed over dry-shod4 ,water was obtained1 during the ceremonies1 by striking a rock with it4 ,the ,bakch crowned their heads with serpents1 carried them in vases and baskets1 and at the ,greek3 1 or finding1 of the body of ,osiris1 cast one1 alive1 into the aspirant's bosom4 ,the ,mysteries of ,atys in ,phrygia1 and those of ,cybele his mistress1 like their worship1 much resembled those of ,adonis and ,bakchos1 ,osiris and ,isis4 ,their ,asiatic origin is universally admitted1 and was with great plausibility claimed by ,phrygia1 which contested the palm of antiquity with ,egypt4 ,they1 more than any other people1 mingled allegory with their religious worship1 and were great inventors of fables2 and their sacred traditions as to ,cybele and ,atys1 whom all admit to be ,phrygian ,gods1 were very various4 ,in all1 as we learn from ,julius ,firmicus1 they represented by allegory the phenomena of nature1 and the succession of physical facts1 under the veil of a marvellous history4 ,their feasts occurred at the equinoxes1 commencing with lamentation1 mourning1 groans1 and pitiful cries for the death of ,atys2 and ending with rejoicings at his restoration to life4 ,we shall not recite the different versions of the legend of ,atys and ,cybele1 given by ,julius ,firmicus1 ,diodorus1 ,arnobius1 ,lactantius1 ,servius1 ,saint ,augustine1 and ,pausanias4 ,it is enough to say that it is in substance this3 that ,cybele1 a ,phrygian ,princess1 who invented musical instruments and dances1 was enamored of ,atys1 a youth2 that either he in a fit of frenzy mutilated himself or was mutilated by her in a paroxysm of jealousy2 that he died1 and afterward1 like ,adonis1 was restored to life4 ,it is the ,phnician fiction as to the ,sun-,god1 expressed in other terms1 under other forms1 and with other names4 ,cybele was worshipped in ,syria1 under the name of ,rhea4 ,lucian says that the ,lydian ,atys there established her worship and built her temple4 ,the name of ,rhea is also found in the ancient cosmogony of the ,phnicians by ,sanchoniathon4 ,it was ,atys the ,lydian1 says ,lucian1 who1 having been mutilated1 first established the ,mysteries of ,rhea1 and taught the ,phrygians1 the ,lydians1 and the people of ,samothrace to celebrate them4 ,rhea1 like ,cybele1 was represented drawn by lions1 bearing a drum1 and crowned with flowers4 ,according to ,varro1 ,cybele represented the earth4 ,she partook of the characteristics of ,minerva1 ,venus1 the ,moon1 ,diana1 ,nemesis1 and the ,furies2 was clad in precious stones2 and her ,high ,priest wore a robe of purple and a tiara of gold4 ,the ,grand ,feast of the ,syrian ,goddess1 like that of the ,mother of the ,gods at ,rome1 was celebrated at the ,vernal ,equinox4 ,precisely at that equinox the ,mysteries of ,atys were celebrated1 in which the ,initiates were taught to expect the rewards of a future life1 and the flight of ,atys from the jealous fury of ,cybele was described1 his concealment in the mountains and in a cave1 and his self-mutilation in a fit of delirium2 in which act his priests imitated him4 ,the feast of the passion of ,atys continued three days2 the first of which was passed in mourning and tears2 to which afterward clamorous rejoicings succeeded2 by which1 ,macrobius says1 the ,sun was adored under the name of ,atys4 ,the ceremonies were all allegorical1 some of which1 according to the ,emperor ,julian1 could be explained1 but more remained covered with the veil of mystery4 ,thus it is that symbols1 outlast their explanations1 as many have done in ,masonry1 and ignorance and rashness substitute new ones4 ,in another legend1 given by ,pausanias1 ,atys dies1 wounded like ,adonis by a wild boar in the organs of generation2 a mutilation with which all the legends ended4 ,the pine-tree under which he was said to have died1 was sacred to him2 and was found upon many monuments1 with a bull and a ram near it2 one the sign of exaltation of the ,sun1 and the other of that of the ,moon4 ,the worship of the ,sun under the name of ,mithras belonged to ,persia1 whence that name came1 as did the erudite symbols of that worship4 ,the ,persians1 adorers of ,fire1 regarded the ,sun as the most brilliant abode of the fecundating energy of that element1 which gives life to the earth1 and circulates in every part of the ,universe1 of which it is1 as it were1 the soul4 ,this worship passed from ,persia into ,armenia1 ,cappadocia1 and ,cilicia1 long before it was known at ,rome4 ,the ,mysteries of ,mithras flourished more than any others in the imperial city4 ,the worship of ,mithras commenced to prevail there under ,trajan4 ,hadrian prohibited these ,mysteries1 on account of the cruel scenes represented in their ceremonial3 for human victims were immolated therein1 and the events of futurity looked for in their palpitating entrails4 ,they reappeared in greater splendor than ever under ,commodus1 who with his own hand sacrificed a victim to ,mithras3 and they were still more practised under ,constantine and his successors1 when the ,priests of ,mithras were found everywhere in the ,roman ,empire1 and the monuments of his worship appeared even in ,britain4 ,caves were consecrated to ,mithras1 in which were collected a multitude of astronomical emblems2 and cruel tests were required of the ,initiates4 ,the ,persians built no temples2 but worshipped upon the summits of hills1 in enclosures of unhewn stones4 ,they abominated images1 and made the ,sun and ,fire emblems of the ,deity4 ,the ,jews borrowed this from them1 and represented ,god as appearing to ,abraham in a flame of fire1 and to ,moses as a fire at ,horeb and on ,sinai4 ,with the ,persians1 ,mithras1 typified in the ,sun1 was the invisible ,deity1 the ,parent of the ,universe1 the ,mediator4 ,in ,zoroaster's cave of initiation1 the ,sun and ,planets were represented over-head1 in gems and gold1 as also was the ,zodiac4 ,the ,sun appeared emerging from the back of ,taurus4 ,three great pillars1 ,eternity1 ,fecundity1 and ,authority1 supported the roof2 and the whole was an emblem of the ,universe4 ,zoroaster1 like ,moses1 claimed to have conversed face to face1 as man with man1 with the ,deity2 and to have received from ,him a system of pure worship1 to be communicated only to the virtuous1 and those who would devote themselves to the study of ,philosophy4 ,his fame spread over the world1 and pupils came to him from every country4 ,even ,pythagoras was his scholar4 ,after his novitiate1 the candidate entered the cavern of initiation1 and was received on the point of a sword presented to his naked left breast1 by which he was slightly wounded4 ,being crowned with olive1 anointed with balsam of benzoin1 and otherwise prepared1 he was purified with fire and water1 and went through seven stages of initiation4 ,the symbol of these stages was a high ladder with seven rounds or steps4 ,in them1 he went through many fearful trials1 in which darkness displayed a principal part4 ,he saw a representation of the wicked in ,hades2 and finally emerged from darkness into light4 ,received in a place representing ,elysium1 in the brilliant assembly of the initiated1 where the ,archimagus presided1 robed in blue1 he assumed the obligations of secrecy1 and was entrusted with the ,sacred ,words1 of which the ,ineffable ,name of ,god was the chief4 ,then all the incidents of his initiation were explained to him3 he was taught that these ceremonies brought him nearer the ,deity2 and that he should adore the consecrated ,fire1 the gift of that ,deity and ,his visible residence4 ,he was taught the sacred characters known only to the initiated2 and instructed in regard to the creation of the world1 and the true philosophical meaning of the vulgar mythology2 and especially of the legend of ,ormuzd and ,ahriman1 and the symbolic meaning of the six ,amshaspands created by the former3 ,bahman1 the ,lord of ,light2 ,ardibehest1 the ,genius of ,fire2 ,shariver1 the ,lord of ,splendor and ,metals2 ,stapandomad1 the ,source of ,fruitfulness2 ,khordad1 the ,genius of ,water and ,time2 and ,amerdad1 the protector of the ,vegetable ,world1 and the prime cause of growth4 ,and finally he was taught the true nature of the ,supreme ,being1 ,creator of ,ormuzd and ,ahriman1 the ,absolute ,first ,cause1 styled ,,zeruane ,,akherene4 ,in the ,mithriac initiation were several ,degrees4 ,the first1 ,tertullian says1 was that of ,soldier of ,mithras4 ,the ceremony of reception consisted in presenting the candidate a crown1 supported by a sword4 ,it was placed near his head1 and he repelled it1 saying1 ,mithras is my crown4 ,then he was declared the soldier of ,mithras1 and had the right to call the other ,initiates fellow-soldiers or companions in arms4 ,hence the title ,companions in the ,royal ,arch ,degree of the ,american ,rite4 ,then he passed1 ,porphyry says1 through the ,degree of the ,lion1--the constellation ,leo1 domicile of the ,sun and symbol of ,mithras1 found on his monuments4 ,these ceremonies were termed at ,rome ,leontic and ,heliac2 and ,coratia or ,hiero-,coracia1 of the ,raven1 a bird consecrated to the ,sun1 and a sign placed in the ,heavens below the ,lion1 with the ,hydra1 and also appearing on the ,mithriac monuments4 ,thence he passed to a higher ,degree1 where the ,initiates were called ,perses and children of the ,sun4 ,above them were the ,fathers1 whose chief or ,patriarch was styled ,father of ,fathers or ,pater ,patratus4 ,the ,initiates also bore the title of ,eagles and ,hawks1 birds consecrated to the ,sun in ,egypt1 the former sacred to the ,god ,mendes1 and the latter the emblem of the ,sun and ,royalty4 ,the little island of ,samothrace was long the depositary of certain august ,mysteries1 and many went thither from all parts of ,greece to be initiated4 ,it was said to have been settled by the ancient ,pelasgi1 early ,asiatic colonists in ,greece4 ,the ,gods adored in the ,mysteries of this island were termed ,,cabiri1 an oriental word1 from ,cabar1 great4 ,varro calls the ,gods of ,samothrace1 ,potent ,gods4 ,in ,arabic1 ,venus is called ,cabar4 ,varro says that the ,great ,deities whose ,mysteries were practised there1 were ,heaven and ,earth4 ,these were but symbols of the ,active and ,passive ,powers or ,principles of universal generation4 ,the two ,twins1 ,castor and ,pollux1 or the ,dioscuri1 were also called the ,gods of ,samothrace2 and the ,scholiast of ,apollonius1 citing ,mnaseas1 gives the names of ,ceres1 ,proserpine1 ,pluto1 and ,mercury1 as the four ,cabiric ,divinities worshipped at ,samothrace1 as ,axieros1 ,axiocersa1 ,axiocersus1 and ,casmillus4 ,mercury was1 there as everywhere1 the minister and messenger of the ,gods2 and the young servitors of the altars and the children employed in the ,temples were called ,mercuries or ,casmilli1 as they were in ,tuscany1 by the ,etrusci and ,pelasgi1 who worshipped the ,great ,gods4 ,tarquin the ,etruscan was an ,initiate of the ,mysteries of ,samothrace2 and ,etruria had its ,cabiri as ,samothrace had4 ,for the worship of the ,cabiri spread from that island into ,etruria1 ,phrygia1 and ,asia ,minor3 and it probably came from ,phnicia into ,samothrace3 for the ,cabiri are mentioned by ,sanchoniathon2 and the word ,cabar belongs to the ,hebrew1 ,phnician1 and ,arabic languages4 ,the ,dioscuri1 tutelary ,deities of ,navigation1 with ,venus1 were invoked in the ,mysteries of ,samothrace4 ,the constellation ,auriga1 or ,phaton1 was also honored there with imposing ceremonies4 ,upon the ,argonautic expedition1 ,orpheus1 an ,initiate of these ,mysteries1 a storm arising1 counselled his companions to put into ,samothrace4 ,they did so1 the storm ceased1 and they were initiated into the ,mysteries there1 and sailed again with the assurance of a fortunate voyage1 under the auspices of the ,dioscuri1 patrons of sailors and navigation4 ,but much more than that was promised the ,initiates4 ,the ,hierophants of ,samothrace made something infinitely greater to be the object of their initiations2 to wit1 the consecration of men to the ,deity1 by pledging them to virtue2 and the assurance of those rewards which the justice of the ,gods reserves for ,initiates after death4 ,this1 above all else1 made these ceremonies august1 and inspired everywhere so great a respect for them1 and so great a desire to be admitted to them4 ,that originally caused the island to be styled ,sacred4 ,it was respected by all nations4 ,the ,romans1 when masters of the world1 left it its liberty and laws4 ,it was an asylum for the unfortunate1 and a sanctuary inviolable4 ,there men were absolved of the crime of homicide1 if not committed in a temple4 ,children of tender age were initiated there1 and invested with the sacred robe1 the purple cincture1 and the crown of olive1 and seated upon a throne1 like other ,initiates4 ,in the ceremonies was represented the death of the youngest of the ,cabiri1 slain by his brothers1 who fled into ,etruria1 carrying with them the chest or ark that contained his genitals3 and there the ,phallus and the sacred ark were adored4 ,herodotus says that the ,samothracian ,initiates understood the object and origin of this reverence paid the ,phallus1 and why it was exhibited in the ,mysteries4 ,clemens of ,alexandria says that the ,cabiri taught the ,tuscans to revere it4 ,it was consecrated at ,heliopolis in ,syria1 where the ,mysteries of a ,divinity having many points of resemblance with ,atys and ,cybele were represented4 ,the ,pelasgi connected it with ,mercury2 and it appears on the monuments of ,mithras2 always and everywhere a symbol of the life-giving power of the ,sun at the ,vernal ,equinox4 ,in the ,indian ,mysteries1 as the candidate made his three circuits1 he paused each time he reached the ,south1 and said1 ,i copy the example of the ,sun1 and follow his beneficent course4 ,blue ,masonry has retained the ,circuits1 but has utterly lost the explanation2 which is1 that in the ,mysteries the candidate invariably represented the ,sun1 descending ,southward toward the reign of the ,evil ,principle1 ,ahriman1 ,siba1 or ,typhon 7darkness and winter72 there figuratively to be slain1 and after a few days to rise again from the dead1 and commence to ascend to the ,northward4 ,then the death of ,sita was bewailed2 or that of ,cama1 slain by ,iswara1 and committed to the waves on a chest1 like ,osiris and ,bacchus2 during which the candidate was terrified by phantoms and horrid noises4 ,then he was made to personify ,vishnu1 and perform his avatars1 or labors4 ,in the first two he was taught in allegories the legend of the ,deluge3 in the first he took three steps at right angles1 representing the three huge steps taken by ,vishnu in that avatar2 and hence the three steps in the ,master's ,degree ending at right angles4 ,the nine avatars finished1 he was taught the necessity of faith1 as superior to sacrifices1 acts of charity1 or mortifications of the flesh4 ,then he was admonished against five crimes1 and took a solemn obligation never to commit them4 ,he was then introduced into a representation of ,paradise2 the ,company of the ,members of the ,order1 magnificently arrayed1 and the ,altar with a fire blazing upon it1 as an emblem of the ,deity4 ,then a new name was given him1 and he was invested in a white robe and tiara1 and received the signs1 tokens1 and lectures4 ,a cross was marked on his forehead1 and an inverted level1 or the ,tau ,cross1 on his breast4 ,he received the sacred cord1 and divers amulets or talismans2 and was then invested with the sacred ,word or ,sublime ,name1 known only to the initiated1 the ,triliteral ,a4,u4,m4 ,then the multitude of emblems was explained to the candidate2 the arcana of science hidden under them1 and the different virtues of which the mythological figures were mere personifications4 ,and he thus learned the meaning of those symbols1 which1 to the uninitiated1 were but a maze of unintelligible figures4 ,the third ,degree was a life of seclusion1 after the ,initiate's children were capable of providing for themselves2 passed in the forest1 in the practice of prayers and ablutions1 and living only on vegetables4 ,he was then said to be born again4 ,the fourth was absolute renunciation of the world1 self-contemplation and self-torture2 by which ,perfection was thought to be attained1 and the soul merged in the ,deity4 ,in the second ,degree1 the ,initiate was taught the ,unity of the ,godhead1 the happiness of the patriarchs1 the destruction by the ,deluge1 the depravity of the heart1 and the necessity of a mediator1 the instability of life1 the final destruction of all created things1 and the restoration of the world in a more perfect form4 ,they inculcated the ,eternity of the ,soul1 explained the meaning of the doctrine of the ,metempsychosis1 and held the doctrine of a state of future rewards and punishments3 and they also earnestly urged that sins could only be atoned for by repentance1 reformation1 and voluntary penance2 and not by mere ceremonies and sacrifices4 ,the ,mysteries among the ,chinese and ,japanese came from ,india1 and were founded on the same principles and with similar rites4 ,the word given to the new ,initiate was ,o-,,mi-,,to ,fo1 in which we recognize the original name ,a4,u4,m41 coupled at a much later time with that of ,fo1 the ,indian ,buddha1 to show that he was the ,great ,deity ,himself4 ,the equilateral triangle was one of their symbols2 and so was the mystical ,y2 both alluding to the ,triune ,god1 and the latter being the ineffable name of the ,deity4 ,a ring supported by two serpents was emblematical of the world1 protected by the power and wisdom of the ,creator2 and that is the origin of the two parallel lines 7into which time has changed the two serpents71 that support the circle in our ,lodges4 ,among the ,japanese1 the term of probation for the highest ,degree was twenty years4 ,the main features of the ,druidical ,mysteries resembled those of the ,orient4 ,the ceremonies commenced with a hymn to the sun4 ,the candidates were arranged in ranks of threes1 fives1 and sevens1 according to their qualifications2 and conducted nine times around the ,sanctuary1 from ,east to ,west4 ,the candidate underwent many trials1 one of which had direct reference to the legend of ,osiris4 ,he was placed in a boat1 and sent out to sea alone1 having to rely on his own skill and presence of mind to reach the opposite shore safety4 ,the death of ,hu was represented in his hearing1 with external mark of sorrow1 while he was in utter darkness4 ,he met with many obstacles1 had to prove his courage1 and expose his life against armed enemies2 represented various animals1 and at last1 attaining the permanent light1 he was instructed by the ,arch-,druid in regard to the ,mysteries1 and in the morality of the ,order1 incited to act bravely in war1 taught the great truths of the immortality of the soul and a future state1 solemnly enjoined not to neglect the worship of the ,deity1 nor the practice of rigid morality2 and to avoid sloth1 contention1 and folly4 ,the aspirant attained only the exoteric knowledge in the first two ,degrees4 ,the third was attained only by a few1 and they persons of rank and consequence1 and after long purification1 and study of all the arts and sciences known to the ,druids1 in solitude1 for nine months4 ,this was the symbolical death and burial of these ,mysteries4 ,the dangerous voyage upon the actual open sea1 in a small boat covered with a skin1 on the evening of the #bith of ,april1 was the last trial1 and closing scene1 of initiation4 ,if he declined this trial1 he was dismissed with contempt4 ,if he made it and succeeded1 he was termed thrice-born1 was eligible to all the dignities of the ,state1 and received complete instruction in the philosophical and religious doctrines of the ,druids4 ,the ,greeks also styled the ,greek3 1 1 thrice-born2 and in ,india perfection was assigned to the ,yogee who had accomplished many births4 ,the general features of the initiations among the ,goths were the same as in all the ,mysteries4 ,a long probation1 of fasting and mortification1 circular processions1 representing the march of the celestial bodies1 many fearful tests and trials1 a descent into the infernal regions1 the killing of the ,god ,balder by the ,evil ,principle1 ,lok1 the placing of his body in a boat and sending it abroad upon the waters2 and1 in short1 the ,eastern ,legend1 under different names1 and with some variations4 ,the ,egyptian ,anubis appeared there1 as the dog guarding the gates of death4 ,the candidate was immured in the representation of a tomb2 and when released1 goes in search of the body of ,balder1 and finds him1 at length1 restored to life1 and seated upon a throne4 ,he was obligated upon a naked sword 7as is still the custom in the ,rit ,moderne71 and sealed his obligation by drinking mead out of a human skull4 ,then all the ancient primitive truths were made known to him1 so far as they had survived the assaults of time3 and he was informed as to the generation of the ,gods1 the creation of the world1 the deluge1 and the resurrection1 of which that of ,balder was a type4 ,he was marked with the sign of the cross1 and a ring was given to him as a symbol of the ,divine ,protection2 and also as an emblem of ,perfection2 from which comes the custom of giving a ring to the ,aspirant in the #adth ,degree4 ,the point within a ,circle1 and the ,cube1 emblem of ,odin1 were explained to him2 and lastly1 the nature of the ,supreme ,god1 the author of everything that existeth1 the ,eternal1 the ,ancient1 the ,living and ,awful ,being1 the ,searcher into concealed things1 the ,being that never changeth2 with whom ,odin the ,conqueror was by the vulgar confounded3 and the ,triune ,god of the ,indians was reproduced1 as ,,odin1 the ,almighty ,,father1 ,,frea1 7,rhea or ,phre71 his wife 7emblem of universal matter71 and ,thor his son 7the ,mediator74 ,here we recognize ,osiris1 ,isis1 and ,hor or ,horus4 ,around the head of ,thor1 as if to show his eastern origin1 twelve stars were arranged in a circle4 ,he was also taught the ultimate destruction of the world1 and the rising of a new one1 in which the brave and virtuous shall enjoy everlasting happiness and delight3 as the means of securing which happy fortune1 he was taught to practise the strictest morality and virtue4 ,the ,initiate was prepared to receive the great lessons of all the ,mysteries1 by long trials1 or by abstinence and chastity4 ,for many days he was required to fast and be continent1 and to drink liquids calculated to diminish his passions and keep him chaste4 ,ablutions were also required1 symbolical of the purity necessary to enable the soul to escape from its bondage in matter4 ,sacred baths and preparatory baptisms were used1 lustrations1 immersions1 lustral sprinklings1 and purifications of every kind4 ,at ,athens they bathed in the ,ilissus1 which thence became a sacred river2 and before entering the ,temple of ,eleusis1 all were required to wash their hands in a vase of lustral water placed near the entrance4 ,clean hands and a pure heart were required of the candidates4 ,apuleius bathed seven times in the sea1 symbolical of the ,seven ,spheres through which the ,soul must reascend3 and the ,hindus must bathe in the sacred river ,ganges4 ,clemens of ,alexandria cites a passage of ,menander1 who speaks of a purification by sprinkling three times with salt and water4 ,sulphur1 resin1 and the laurel also served for purification1 as did air1 earth1 water1 and fire4 ,the ,initiates at ,heliopolis1 in ,syria1 says ,lucian1 sacrificed the sacred lamb1 symbol of ,aries1 then the sign of the ,vernal ,equinox2 ate his flesh1 as the ,israelites did at the ,passover2 and then touched his head and feet to theirs1 and knelt upon the fleece4 ,then they bathed in warm water1 drank of the same1 and slept upon the ground4 ,there was a distinction between the lesser and greater ,mysteries4 ,one must have been for some years admitted to the former before he could receive the latter1 which were but a preparation for them1 the ,vestibule of the ,temple1 of which those of ,eleusis were the ,sanctuary4 ,there1 in the lesser ,mysteries1 they were prepared to receive the holy truths taught in the greater4 ,the ,initiates in the lesser were called simply ,mystes1 or ,initiates2 but those in the greater1 ,epoptes1 or ,seers4 ,an ancient poet says that the former were an imperfect shadow of the latter1 as sleep is of ,death4 ,after admission to the former1 the ,initiate was taught lessons of morality1 and the rudiments of the sacred science1 the most sublime and secret part of which was reserved for the ,epopt1 who saw the ,truth in its nakedness1 while the ,mystes only viewed it through a veil and under emblems fitter to excite than to satisfy his curiosity4 ,before communicating the first secrets and primary dogmas of initiation1 the priests required the candidate to take a fearful oath never to divulge the secrets4 ,then he made his vows1 prayers1 and sacrifices to the ,gods4 ,the skins of the victims consecrated to ,jupiter were spread on the ground1 and he was made to set his feet upon them4 ,he was then taught some enigmatic formulas1 as answers to questions1 by which to make himself known4 ,he was then enthroned1 invested with a purple cincture1 and crowned with flowers1 or branches of palm or olive4 ,we do not certainly know the time that was required to elapse between the admission to the ,lesser and ,greater ,mysteries of ,eleusis4 ,most writers fix it at five years4 ,it was a singular mark of favor when ,demetrius was made ,mystes and ,epopt in one and the same ceremony4 ,when at length admitted to the ,degree of ,perfection1 the ,initiate was brought face to face with entire nature1 and learned that the soul was the whole of man3 that earth was but his place of exile2 that ,heaven was his native country2 that for the soul to be born is really to die2 and that death was for it the return to a new life4 ,then he entered the sanctuary2 but he did not receive the whole instruction at once4 ,it continued through several years4 ,there were1 as it were1 many apartments1 through which he advanced by degrees1 and between which thick veils intervened4 ,there were ,statues and ,paintings1 says ,proclus1 in the inmost sanctuary1 showing the forms assumed by the ,gods1 finally the last veil fell1 the sacred covering dropped from the image of the ,goddess1 and she stood revealed in all her splendor1 surrounded by a divine light1 which1 filling the whole sanctuary1 dazzled the eyes and penetrated the soul of the ,initiate4 ,thus is symbolized the final revelation of the true doctrine as to the nature of ,deity and of the soul1 and of the relations of each to matter4 ,this was preceded by frightful scenes1 alternations of fear and joy1 of light and darkness2 by glittering lightning and the crash of thunder1 and apparitions of spectres1 or magical illusions1 impressing at once the eyes and ears4 ,this ,claudian describes1 in his poem on the rape of ,proserpine1 where he alludes to what passed in her ,mysteries4 ,the temple is shaken1 he cries2 fiercely gleams the lightning1 by which the ,deity announces his presence4 ,earth trembles2 and a terrible noise is heard in the midst of these terrors4 ,the ,temple of the ,son of ,cecrops resounds with long-continued roars2 ,eleusis uplifts her sacred torches2 the serpents of ,triptolemus are heard to hiss2 and fearful ,hecate appears afar4 ,the celebration of the ,greek ,mysteries continued1 according to the better opinion1 for nine days4 ,on the first the ,initiates met4 ,it was the day of the full moon1 of the month ,bodromion2 when the moon was full at the end of the sign ,aries1 near the ,pleiades and the place of her exaltation in ,taurus4 ,the second day there was a procession to the sea1 for purification by bathing4 ,the third was occupied with offerings1 expiatory sacrifices1 and other religious rites1 such as fasting1 mourning1 continence1 etc4 ,a mullet was immolated1 and offerings of grain and living animals made4 ,on the fourth they carried in procession the mystic wreath of flowers1 representing that which ,proserpine dropped when seized by ,pluto1 and the ,crown of ,ariadne in the ,heavens4 ,it was borne on a triumphal car drawn by oxen2 and women followed bearing mystic chests or boxes1 wrapped with purple cloths1 containing grains of sesame1 pyramidal biscuits1 salt1 pomegranates and the mysterious serpent1 and perhaps the mystic phallus4 ,on the fifth was the superb procession of torches1 commemorative of the search for ,proserpine by ,ceres2 the ,initiates marching by trios1 and each bearing a torch2 while at the head of the procession marched the ,dadoukos4 ,the sixth was consecrated to ,iakchos1 the young ,light-,god1 son of ,ceres1 reared in the sanctuaries and bearing the torch of the ,sun-,god4 ,the chorus in ,aristophanes terms him the luminous star that lights the nocturnal initiation4 ,he was brought from the sanctuary1 his head crowned with myrtle1 and borne from the gate of the ,ceramicus to ,eleusis1 along the sacred way1 amid dances1 sacred songs1 every mark of joy1 and mystic cries of ,iakchos4 ,on the seventh there were gymnastic exercises and combats1 the victors in which were crowned and rewarded4 ,on the eighth was the feast of sculapius4 ,on the ninth the famous libation was made for the souls of the departed4 ,the ,priests1 according to ,athenus1 filled two vases1 placed one in the ,east and one in the ,west1 toward the gates of day and night1 and overturned them1 pronouncing a formula of mysterious prayers4 ,thus they invoked ,light and ,darkness1 the two great principles of nature4 ,during all these days no one could be arrested1 nor any suit brought1 on pain of death1 or at least a heavy fine3 and no one was allowed1 by the display of unusual wealth or magnificence1 to endeavor to rival this sacred pomp4 ,everything was for religion4 ,such were the ,mysteries2 and such the ,old ,thought1 as in scattered and widely separated fragments it has come down to us4 ,the human mind still speculates upon the great mysteries of nature1 and still finds its ideas anticipated by the ancients1 whose profoundest thoughts are to be looked for1 not in their philosophies1 but in their symbols1 by which they endeavored to express the great ideas that vainly struggled for utterance in words1 as they viewed the great circle of phenomena1--,birth1 ,life1 ,death1 or ,decomposition1 and ,new ,life out of ,death and ,rottenness1--to them the greatest of mysteries4 ,remember1 while you study their symbols1 that they had a profounder sense of these wonders than we have4 ,to them the transformations of the worm were a greater wonder than the stars2 and hence the poor dumb scarabus or beetle was sacred to them4 ,thus their faiths are condensed into symbols or expanded into allegories1 which they understood1 but were not always able to explain in language2 for there are thoughts and ideas which no language ever spoken by man has words to express4 ,illustration ,,xxv4 ,,knight ,,of ,,the ,,brazen ,,serpent4 ,this ,degree is both philosophical and moral4 ,while it teaches the necessity of reformation as well as repentance1 as a means of obtaining mercy and forgiveness1 it is also devoted to an explanation of the symbols of ,masonry2 and especially to those which are connected with that ancient and universal legend1 of which that of ,khir-,om ,abi is but a variation2 that legend which1 representing a murder or a death1 and a restoration to life1 by a drama in which figure ,osiris1 ,isis and ,horus1 ,atys and ,cybele1 ,adonis and ,venus1 the ,cabiri1 ,dionusos1 and many another representative of the active and passive ,powers of ,nature1 taught the ,initiates in the ,mysteries that the rule of ,evil and ,darkness is but temporary1 and that of ,light and ,good will be eternal4 ,maimonides says3 ,in the days of ,enos1 the son of ,seth1 men fell into grievous errors1 and even ,enos himself partook of their infatuation4 ,their language was1 that since ,god has placed on high the heavenly bodies1 and used them as ,his ministers1 it was evidently ,his will that they should receive from man the same veneration as the servants of a great prince justly claim from the subject multitude4 ,impressed with this notion1 they began to build temples to the ,stars1 to sacrifice to them1 and to worship them1 in the vain expectation that they should thus please the ,creator of all things4 ,at first1 indeed1 they did not suppose the ,stars to be the only ,deities1 but adored in conjunction with them the ,lord ,god ,omnipotent4 ,in process of time1 however1 that great and venerable ,name was totally forgotten1 and the whole human race retained no other religion than the idolatrous worship of the ,host of ,heaven4 ,the first learning in the world consisted chiefly in symbols4 ,the wisdom of the ,chaldans1 ,phnicians1 ,egyptians1 ,jews2 of ,zoroaster1 ,sanchoniathon1 ,pherecydes1 ,syrus1 ,pythagoras1 ,socrates1 ,plato1 of all the ancients1 that is come to our hand1 is symbolic4 ,it was the mode1 says ,serranus on ,plato's ,symposium1 of the ,ancient ,philosophers1 to represent truth by certain symbols and hidden images4 ,all that can be said concerning the ,gods1 says ,strabo1 must be by the exposition of old opinions and fables2 it being the custom of the ancients to wrap up in enigma and allegory their thoughts and discourses concerning ,nature2 which are therefore not easily explained4 ,as you learned in the #bdth ,degree1 my ,brother1 the ancient ,philosophers regarded the soul of man as having had its origin in ,heaven4 ,that was1 ,macrobius says1 a settled opinion among them all2 and they held it to be the only true wisdom1 for the soul1 while united with the body1 to look ever toward its source1 and strive to return to the place whence it came4 ,among the fixed stars it dwelt1 until1 seduced by the desire of animating a body1 it descended to be imprisoned in matter4 ,thenceforward it has no other resource than recollection1 and is ever attracted toward its birth-place and home4 ,the means of return are to be sought for in itself4 ,to re-ascend to its source1 it must do and suffer in the body4 ,thus the ,mysteries taught the great doctrine of the divine nature and longings after immortality of the soul1 of the nobility of its origin1 the grandeur of its destiny1 its superiority over the animals who have no aspirations heavenward4 ,if they struggled in vain to express its nature1 by comparing it to ,fire and ,light1--if they erred as to its original place of abode1 and the mode of its descent1 and the path which1 descending and ascending1 it pursued among the stars and spheres1 these were the accessories of the ,great ,truth1 and mere allegories designed to make the idea more impressive1 and1 as it were1 tangible1 to the human mind4 ,let us1 in order to understand this old ,thought1 first follow the soul in its descent4 ,the sphere or ,heaven of the fixed stars was that ,holy ,region1 and those ,elysian ,fields1 that were the native domicile of souls1 and the place to which they re-ascended1 when they had recovered their primitive purity and simplicity4 ,from that luminous region the soul set forth1 when it journeyed toward the body2 a destination which it did not reach until it had undergone three degradations1 designated by the name of ,deaths2 and until it had passed through the several spheres and the elements4 ,all souls remained in possession of ,heaven and of happiness1 so long as they were wise enough to avoid the contagion of the body1 and to keep themselves from any contact with matter4 ,but those who1 from that lofty abode1 where they were lapped in eternal light1 have looked longingly toward the body1 and toward that which we here below call life1 but which is to the soul a real death2 and who have conceived for it a secret desire1--those souls1 victims of their concupiscence1 are attracted by degrees toward the inferior regions of the world1 by the mere weight of thought and of that terrestrial desire4 ,the soul1 perfectly incorporeal1 does not at once invest itself with the gross envelope of the body1 but little by little1 by successive and insensible alterations1 and in proportion as it removes further and further from the simple and perfect substance in which it dwelt at first4 ,it first surrounds itself with a body composed of the substance of the stars2 and afterward1 as it descends through the several spheres1 with ethereal matter more and more gross1 thus by degrees descending to an earthly body2 and its number of degradations or deaths being the same as that of the spheres which it traverses4 ,the ,galaxy1 ,macrobius says1 crosses the ,zodiac in two opposite points1 ,cancer and ,capricorn1 the tropical points in the sun's course1 ordinarily called the ,gates of the ,sun4 ,these two tropics1 before his time1 corresponded with those constellations1 but in his day with ,gemini and ,sagittarius1 in consequence of the precession of the equinoxes2 but the signs of the ,zodiac remained unchanged2 and the ,milky ,way crossed at the signs ,cancer and ,capricorn1 though not at those constellations4 ,through these gates souls were supposed to descend to earth and re-ascend to ,heaven4 ,one1 ,macrobius says1 in his dream of ,scipio1 was styled the ,gate of ,men2 and the other1 the ,gate of the ,gods4 ,cancer was the former1 because souls descended by it to the earth2 and ,capricorn the latter1 because by it they re-ascended to their seats of immortality1 and became ,gods4 ,from the ,milky ,way1 according to ,pythagoras1 diverged the route to the dominions of ,pluto4 ,until they left the ,galaxy1 they were not deemed to have commenced to descend toward the terrestrial bodies4 ,from that they departed1 and to that they returned4 ,until they reached the sign ,cancer1 they had not left it1 and were still ,gods4 ,when they reached ,leo1 they commenced their apprenticeship for their future condition2 and when they were at ,aquarius1 the sign opposite ,leo1 they were furthest removed from human life4 ,the soul1 descending from the celestial limits1 where the ,zodiac and ,galaxy unite1 loses its spherical shape1 the shape of all ,divine ,nature1 and is lengthened into a cone1 as a point is lengthened into a line2 and then1 an indivisible monad before1 it divides itself and becomes a duad--that is1 unity becomes division1 disturbance1 and conflict4 ,then it begins to experience the disorder which reigns in matter1 to which it unites itself1 becoming1 as it were1 intoxicated by draughts of grosser matter3 of which inebriation the cup of ,bakchos1 between ,cancer and ,leo1 is a symbol4 ,it is for them the cup of forgetfulness4 ,they assemble1 says ,plato1 in the fields of oblivion1 to drink there the water of the river ,ameles1 which causes men to forget everything4 ,this fiction is also found in ,virgil4 ,if souls1 says ,macrobius1 carried with them into the bodies they occupy all the knowledge which they had acquired of divine things1 during their sojourn in the ,heavens1 men would not differ in opinion as to the ,deity2 but some of them forget more1 and some less1 of that which they had learned4 ,we smile at these notions of the ancients2 but we must learn to look through these material images and allegories1 to the ideas1 struggling for utterance1 the great speechless thoughts which they envelop3 and it is well for us to consider whether we ourselves have yet found out any better way of representing to ourselves the soul's origin and its advent into this body1 so entirely foreign to it2 if1 indeed1 we have ever thought about it at all2 or have not ceased to think1 in despair4 ,the highest and purest portion of matter1 which nourishes and constitutes divine existences1 is what the poets term nectar1 the beverage of the ,gods4 ,the lower1 more disturbed and grosser portion1 is what intoxicates souls4 ,the ancients symbolized it as the ,river ,lethe1 dark stream of oblivion4 ,how do we explain the soul's forgetfulness of its antecedents1 or reconcile that utter absence of remembrance of its former condition1 with its essential immortality8 ,in truth1 we for the most part dread and shrink from any attempt at explanation of it to ourselves4 ,dragged down by the heaviness produced by this inebriating draught1 the soul falls along the zodiac and the milky way to the lower spheres1 and in its descent not only takes1 in each sphere1 a new envelope of the material composing the luminous bodies of the planets1 but receives there the different faculties which it is to exercise while it inhabits the body4 ,in ,saturn1 it acquires the power of reasoning and intelligence1 or what is termed the logical and contemplative faculty4 ,from ,jupiter it receives the power of action4 ,mars gives it valor1 enterprise1 and impetuosity4 ,from the ,sun it receives the senses and imagination1 which produce sensation1 perception1 and thought4 ,venus inspires it with desires4 ,mercury gives it the faculty of expressing and enunciating what it thinks and feels4 ,and1 on entering the sphere of the ,moon1 it acquires the force of generation and growth4 ,this lunary sphere1 lowest and basest to divine bodies1 is first and highest to terrestrial bodies4 ,and the lunary body there assumed by the soul1 while1 as it were1 the sediment of celestial matter1 is also the first substance of animal matter4 ,the celestial bodies1 ,heaven1 the ,stars1 and the other ,divine elements1 ever aspire to rise4 ,the soul reaching the region which mortality inhabits1 tends toward terrestrial bodies1 and is deemed to die4 ,let no one1 says ,macrobius1 be surprised that we so frequently speak of the death of this soul1 which yet we call immortal4 ,it is neither annulled nor destroyed by such death3 but merely enfeebled for a time2 and does not thereby forfeit its prerogative of immortality2 for afterward1 freed from the body1 when it has been purified from the vice-stains contracted during that connection1 it is re-established in all its privileges1 and returns to the luminous abode of its immortality4 ,on its return1 it restores to each sphere through which it ascends1 the passions and earthly faculties received from them3 to the ,moon1 the faculty of increase and diminution of the body2 to ,mercury1 fraud1 the architect of evils2 to ,venus1 the seductive love of pleasure2 to the ,sun1 the passion for greatness and empire2 to ,mars1 audacity and temerity2 to ,jupiter1 avarice2 and to ,saturn1 falsehood and deceit3 and at last1 relieved of all1 it enters naked and pure into the eighth sphere or highest ,heaven4 ,all this agrees with the doctrine of ,plato1 that the soul cannot re-enter into ,heaven1 until the revolutions of the ,universe shall have restored it to its primitive condition1 and purified it from the effects of its contact with the four elements4 ,this opinion of the pre-existence of souls1 as pure and celestial substances1 before their union with our bodies1 to put on and animate which they descend from ,heaven1 is one of great antiquity4 ,a modern ,rabbi1 ,manasseh ,ben ,israel1 says it was always the belief of the ,hebrews4 ,it was that of most philosophers who admitted the immortality of the soul3 and therefore it was taught in the ,mysteries2 for1 as ,lactantius says1 they could not see how it was possible that the soul should exist after the body1 if it had not existed before it1 and if its nature was not independent of that of the body4 ,the same doctrine was adopted by the most learned of the ,greek ,fathers1 and by many of the ,latins3 and it would probably prevail largely at the present day1 if men troubled themselves to think upon this subject at all1 and to inquire whether the soul's immortality involved its prior existence4 ,some philosophers held that the soul was incarcerated in the body1 by way of punishment for sins committed by it in a prior state4 ,how they reconciled this with the same soul's unconsciousness of any such prior state1 or of sin committed there1 does not appear4 ,others held that ,god1 of his mere will1 sent the soul to inhabit the body4 ,the ,kabalists united the two opinions4 ,they held that there are four worlds1 ,asiluth1 ,briarth1 ,jezirath1 and ,aziath2 the world of emanation1 that of creation1 that of forms1 and the material world2 one above and more perfect than the other1 in that order1 both as regards their own nature and that of the beings who inhabit them4 ,all souls are originally in the world ,aziluth1 the ,supreme ,heaven1 abode of ,god1 and of pure and immortal spirits4 ,those who descend from it without fault of their own1 by ,god's order1 are gifted with a divine fire1 which preserves them from the contagion of matter1 and restores them to ,heaven so soon as their mission is ended4 ,those who descend through their own fault1 go from world to world1 insensibly losing their love of ,divine things1 and their self-contemplation2 until they reach the world ,aziath1 falling by their own weight4 ,this is a pure ,platonism1 clothed with the images and words peculiar to the ,kabalists4 ,it was the doctrine of the ,essenes1 who1 says ,porphyry1 believe that souls descend from the most subtile ether1 attracted to bodies by the seductions of matter4 ,it was in substance the doctrine of ,origen2 and it came from the ,chaldans1 who largely studied the theory of the ,heavens1 the spheres1 and the influences of the signs and constellations4 ,the ,gnostics made souls ascend and descend through eight ,heavens1 in each of which were certain ,powers that opposed their return1 and often drove them back to earth1 when not sufficiently purified4 ,the last of these ,powers1 nearest the luminous abode of souls1 was a serpent or dragon4 ,in the ancient doctrine1 certain ,genii were charged with the duty of conducting souls to the bodies destined to receive them1 and of withdrawing them from those bodies4 ,according to ,plutarch1 these were the functions of ,proserpine and ,mercury4 ,in ,plato1 a familiar ,genius accompanies man at his birth1 follows and watches him all his life1 and at death conducts him to the tribunal of the ,great ,judge4 ,these ,genii are the media of communication between man and the ,gods2 and the soul is ever in their presence4 ,this doctrine is taught in the oracles of ,zoroaster3 and these ,genii were the ,intelligences that resided in the planets4 ,thus the secret science and mysterious emblems of initiation were connected with the ,heavens1 the ,spheres1 and the ,constellations3 and this connection must be studied by whomsoever would understand the ancient mind1 and be enabled to interpret the allegories1 and explore the meaning of the symbols1 in which the old sages endeavored to delineate the ideas that struggled within them for utterance1 and could be but insufficiently and inadequately expressed by language1 whose words are images of those things alone that can be grasped by and are within the empire of the senses4 ,it is not possible for us thoroughly to appreciate the feelings with which the ancients regarded the ,heavenly bodies1 and the ideas to which their observation of the ,heavens gave rise1 because ,we cannot put ourselves in their places1 look at the stars with their eyes in the world's youth1 and divest ourselves of the knowledge which even the commonest of us have1 that makes us regard the ,stars and ,planets and all the ,universe of ,suns and ,worlds1 as a mere inanimate machine and aggregate of senseless orbs1 no more astonishing1 except in degree1 than a clock or an orrery4 ,we wonder and are amazed at the ,power and ,wisdom 7to most men it seems only a kind of ,infinite ,ingenuity7 of the ,,maker3 they wondered at the ,work1 and endowed it with ,life and ,force and mysterious ,powers and mighty ,influences4 ,memphis1 in ,egypt1 was in ,latitude #bi #e' ,north1 and in ,longitude #cj #ah' ,east4 ,theb1 in ,upper ,egypt1 in ,latitude #be #de' ,north1 and ,longitude #cb #dc' ,east4 ,babylon was in ,latitude #cb #cj' ,north1 and ,longitude #dd #bc' ,east3 while ,saba1 the ancient ,saban capital of ,ethiopia1 was about in ,latitude #ae ,north4 ,through ,egypt ran the great ,river ,nile1 coming from beyond ,ethiopia1 its source in regions wholly unknown1 in the abodes of heat and fire1 and its course from ,south to ,north4 ,its inundations had formed the alluvial lands of ,upper and ,lower ,egypt1 which they continued to raise higher and higher1 and to fertilize by their deposits4 ,at first1 as in all newly-settled countries1 those inundations1 occurring annually and always at the same period of the year1 were calamities3 until1 by means of levees and drains and artificial lakes for irrigation1 they became blessings1 and were looked for with joyful anticipation1 as they had before been awaited with terror4 ,upon the deposit left by the ,sacred ,river1 as it withdrew into its banks1 the husbandman sowed his seed2 and the rich soil and the genial sun insured him an abundant harvest4 ,babylon lay on the ,euphrates1 which ran from ,southeast to ,northwest1 blessing1 as all rivers in the ,orient do1 the arid country through which it flowed2 but its rapid and uncertain overflows bringing terror and disaster4 ,to the ancients1 as yet inventors of no astronomical instruments1 and looking at the ,heavens with the eyes of children1 this earth was a level plain of unknown extent4 ,about its boundaries there was speculation1 but no knowledge4 ,the inequalities of its surface were the irregularities of a plane4 ,that it was a globe1 or that anything lived on its under surface1 or on what it rested1 they had no idea4 ,every twenty-four hours the sun came up from beyond the ,eastern rim of the world1 and travelled across the sky1 over the earth1 always ,south of1 but sometimes nearer and sometimes further from the point overhead2 and sunk below the world's ,western rim4 ,with him went light1 and after him followed darkness4 ,and every twenty-four hours appeared in the ,heavens another body1 visible chiefly at night1 but sometimes even when the sun shone1 which likewise1 as if following the sun at a greater or less distance1 travelled across the sky2 sometimes as a thin crescent1 and thence increasing to a full orb resplendent with silver light2 and sometimes more and sometimes less to the ,southward of the point overhead1 within the same limits as the ,sun4 ,man1 enveloped by the thick darkness of profoundest night1 when everything around him has disappeared1 and he seems alone with himself and the black shades that surround him1 feels his existence a blank and nothingness1 except so far as memory recalls to him the glories and splendors of light4 ,everything is dead to him1 and he1 as it were1 to ,nature4 ,how crushing and overwhelming the thought1 the fear1 the dread1 that perhaps that darkness may be eternal1 and that day may possibly never return2 if it ever occurs to his mind1 while the solid gloom closes up against him like a wall6 ,what then can restore him to like1 to energy1 to activity1 to fellowship and communion with the great world which ,god has spread around him1 and which perhaps in the darkness may be passing away8 ,,light restores him to himself and to nature which seemed lost to him4 ,naturally1 therefore1 the primitive men regarded light as the principle of their real existence1 without which life would be but one continued weariness and despair4 ,this necessity for light1 and its actual creative energy1 were felt by all men3 and nothing was more alarming to them than its absence4 ,it became their first ,divinity1 a single ray of which1 flashing into the dark tumultuous bosom of chaos1 caused man and all the ,universe to emerge from it4 ,so all the poets sung who imagined ,cosmogonies2 such was the first dogma of ,orpheus1 ,moses1 and the ,theologians4 ,light was ,ormuzd1 adored by the ,persians1 and ,darkness ,ahriman1 origin of all evils4 ,light was the life of the ,universe1 the friend of man1 the substance of the ,gods and of the ,soul4 ,the sky was to them a great1 solid1 concave arch2 a hemisphere of unknown material1 at an unknown distance above the flat level earth2 and along it journeyed in their courses the ,sun1 the ,moon1 the ,planets1 and the ,stars4 ,the ,sun was to them a great globe of fire1 of unknown dimensions1 at an unknown distance4 ,the ,moon was a mass of softer light2 the stars and planets lucent bodies1 armed with unknown and supernatural influences4 ,it could not fail to be soon observed1 that at regular intervals the days and nights were equal2 and that two of these intervals measured the same space of time as elapsed between the successive inundations1 and between the returns of spring-time and harvest4 ,nor could it fail to be perceived that the changes of the moon occurred regularly2 the same number of days always elapsing between the first appearance of her silver crescent in the ,west at evening and that of her full orb rising in the ,east at the same hour2 and the same again1 between that and the new appearance of the crescent in the ,west4 ,it was also soon observed that the ,sun crossed the ,heavens in a different line each day1 the days being longest and the nights shortest when the line of his passage was furthest ,north1 and the days shortest and nights longest when that line was furthest ,south3 that his progress ,north and ,south was perfectly regular1 marking four periods that were always the same1--those when the days and nights were equal1 or the ,vernal and ,autumnal ,equinoxes2 that when the days were longest1 or the ,summer ,solstice2 and that when they were shortest1 or the ,winter ,solstice4 ,with the ,vernal ,equinox1 or about the #beth of ,march of our ,calendar1 they found that there unerringly came soft winds1 the return of warmth1 caused by the ,sun turning back to the ,northward from the middle ground of his course1 the vegetation of the new year1 and the impulse to amatory action on the part of the animal creation4 ,then the ,bull and the ,ram1 animals most valuable to the agriculturist1 and symbols themselves of vigorous generative power1 recovered their vigor1 the birds mated and builded their nests1 the seeds germinated1 the grass grew1 and the trees put forth leaves4 ,with the ,summer ,solstice1 when the ,sun reached the extreme northern limit of his course1 came great heat1 and burning winds1 and lassitude and exhaustion2 then vegetation withered1 man longed for the cool breezes of ,spring and ,autumn1 and the cool water of the wintry ,nile or ,euphrates1 and the ,lion sought for that element far from his home in the desert4 ,with the ,autumnal ,equinox came ripe harvests1 and fruits of the tree and vine1 and falling leaves1 and cold evenings presaging wintry frosts2 and the ,principle and ,powers of ,darkness1 prevailing over those of ,light1 drove the ,sun further to the ,south1 so that the nights grew longer than the days4 ,and at the ,winter ,solstice the earth was wrinkled with frost1 the trees were leafless1 and the ,sun1 reaching the most ,southern point in his career1 seemed to hesitate whether to continue descending1 to leave the world to darkness and despair1 or to turn upon his steps and retrace his course to the ,northward1 bringing back seed-time and ,spring1 and green leaves and flowers1 and all the delights of love4 ,thus1 naturally and necessarily1 time was divided1 first into days1 and then into moons or months1 and years2 and with these divisions and the movements of the ,heavenly bodies that marked them1 were associated and connected all men's physical enjoyments and privations4 ,wholly agricultural1 and in their frail habitations greatly at the mercy of the elements and the changing seasons1 the primitive people of the ,orient were most deeply interested in the recurrence of the periodical phenomena presented by the two great luminaries of ,heaven1 on whose regularity all their prosperity depended4 ,and the attentive observer soon noticed that the smaller lights of ,heaven were1 apparently1 even more regular than the ,sun and ,moon1 and foretold with unerring certainty1 by their risings and settings1 the periods of recurrence of the different phenomena and seasons on which the physical well-being of all men depended4 ,they soon felt the necessity of distinguishing the individual stars1 or groups of stars1 and giving them names1 that they might understand each other1 when referring to and designating them4 ,necessity produced designations at once natural and artificial4 ,observing that1 in the circle of the year1 the renewal and periodical appearance of the productions of the earth were constantly associated1 not only with the courses of the ,sun1 but also with the rising and setting of certain ,stars1 and with their position relatively to the ,sun1 the centre to which they referred the whole starry host1 the mind naturally connected the celestial and terrestrial objects that were in fact connected3 and they commenced by giving to particular ,stars or groups of ,stars the names of those terrestrial objects which seemed connected with them2 and for those which still remained unnamed by this nomenclature1 they1 to complete a system1 assumed arbitrary and fanciful names4 ,thus the ,ethiopian of ,thebes or ,saba styled those ,stars under which the ,nile commenced to overflow1 ,stars of ,inundation1 or that poured out water 7,,aquarius74 ,those ,stars among which the ,sun was1 when he had reached the ,northern ,tropic and began to retreat ,southward1 were termed1 from his retrograde motion1 the ,crab 7,,cancer74 ,as he approached1 in ,autumn1 the middle point between the ,northern and ,southern extremes of his journeying1 the days and nights became equal2 and the ,stars among which he was then found were called ,stars of the ,balance 7,,libra74 ,those stars among which the ,sun was1 when the ,lion1 driven from the ,desert by thirst1 came to slake it at the ,nile1 were called ,stars of the ,lion 7,,leo74 ,those among which the ,sun was at harvest1 were called those of the ,gleaning ,virgin1 holding a ,sheaf of ,wheat 7,,virgo74 ,those among which he was found in ,february1 when the ,ewes brought forth their young1 were called ,stars of the ,lamb 7,,aries74 ,those in ,march1 when it was time to plough1 were called ,stars of the ,ox 7,,taurus74 ,those under which hot and burning winds came from the desert1 venomous like poisonous reptiles1 were called ,stars of the ,scorpion 7,,scorpio74 ,observing that the annual return of the rising of the ,nile was always accompanied by the appearance of a beautiful ,star1 which at that period showed itself in the direction of the sources of that river1 and seemed to warn the husbandman to be careful not to be surprised by the inundation1 the ,ethiopian compared this act of that ,star to that of the ,animal which by barking gives warning of danger1 and styled it the ,dog 7,,sirius74 ,thus commencing1 and as astronomy came to be more studied1 imaginary figures were traced all over the ,heavens1 to which the different ,stars were assigned4 ,chief among them were those that lay along the path which the ,sun travelled as he climbed toward the ,north and descended to the ,south3 lying within certain limits and extending to an equal distance on each side of the line of equal nights and days4 ,this belt1 curving like a ,serpent1 was termed the ,zodiac1 and divided into twelve ,signs4 ,at the ,vernal ,equinox1 #bdee years before our ,era1 the ,sun was entering the sign and constellation ,taurus1 or the ,bull2 having passed through1 since he commenced1 at the ,winter ,solstice1 to ascend ,northward1 the ,signs ,aquarius1 ,pisces and ,aries2 on entering the first of which he reached the lowest limit of his journey ,southward4 ,from ,,taurus1 he passed through ,gemini and ,cancer1 and reached ,,leo when he arrived at the terminus of his journey ,northward4 ,thence1 through ,leo1 ,virgo1 and ,libra1 he entered ,,scorpio at the ,autumnal ,equinox1 and journeyed ,southward through ,scorpia1 ,sagittarius1 and ,capricornus to ,,aquarius1 the terminus of his journey ,south4 ,the path by which he journeyed through these signs became the ,ecliptic2 and that which passes through the two equinoxes1 the ,equator4 ,they knew nothing of the immutable laws of nature2 and whenever the ,sun commenced to tend ,southward1 they feared lest he might continue to do so1 and by degrees disappear forever1 leaving the earth to be ruled forever by darkness1 storm1 and cold4 ,hence they rejoiced when he commenced to re-ascend after the ,winter ,solstice1 struggling against the malign influences of ,aquarius and ,pisces1 and amicably received by the ,lamb4 ,and when at the ,vernal ,equinox he entered ,taurus1 they still more rejoiced at the assurance that the days would again be longer than the nights1 that the season of seed-time had come1 and the ,summer and harvest would follow4 ,and they lamented when1 after the ,autumnal ,equinox1 the malign influence of the venomous ,scorpion1 and vindictive ,archer1 and the filthy and ill-omened ,he-,goat dragged him down toward the ,winter ,solstice4 ,arriving there1 they said he had been slain1 and had gone to the realm of darkness4 ,remaining there three days1 he rose again1 and again ascended ,northward in the heavens1 to redeem the earth from the gloom and darkness of ,winter1 which soon became emblematical of sin1 and evil1 and suffering2 as the ,spring1 ,summer1 and ,autumn became emblems of happiness and immortality4 ,soon they personified the ,sun1 and worshipped him under the name of ,,osiris1 and transmuted the legend of his descent among the ,winter ,signs1 into a fable of his death1 his descent into the infernal regions1 and his resurrection4 ,the ,moon became ,isis1 the wife of ,osiris2 and ,winter1 as well as the desert or the ocean into which the ,sun descended1 became ,,typhon1 the ,spirit or ,principle of ,evil1 warring against and destroying ,osiris4 ,from the journey of the ,sun through the twelve signs came the legend of the twelve labors of ,hercules1 and the incarnations of ,vishnu and ,buddha4 ,hence came the legend of the murder of ,khrm1 representative of the ,sun1 by the three ,fellow-crafts1 symbols of the three ,winter signs1 ,capricornus1 ,aquarius1 and ,pisces1 who assailed him at the three gates of ,heaven and slew him at the ,winter ,solstice4 ,hence the search for him by the nine ,fellow-crafts1 the other nine signs1 his finding1 burial1 and resurrection4 ,the celestial ,taurus1 opening the new year1 was the ,creative ,bull of the ,hindus and ,japanese1 breaking with his horn the egg out of which the world is born1 ,hence the bull ,,apis was worshipped by the ,egyptians1 and reproduced as a golden calf by ,aaron in the desert4 ,hence the cow was sacred to the ,hinds4 ,hence1 from the sacred and beneficent signs of ,taurus and ,leo1 the human-headed winged lions and bulls in the palaces at ,kouyounjik and ,nimroud1 like which were the ,cherubim set by ,solomon in his ,temple3 and hence the twelve brazen or bronze oxen1 on which the laver of brass was supported4 ,the ,celestial ,vulture or ,eagle1 rising and setting with the ,scorpion1 was substituted in its place1 in many cases1 on account of the malign influences of the latter3 and thus the four great periods of the year were marked by the ,bull1 the ,lion1 the ,man 7,aquarius7 and the ,eagle2 which were upon the respective standards of ,ephraim1 ,judah1 ,reuben1 and ,dan2 and still appear on the shield of ,american ,royal ,arch ,masonry4 ,afterward the ,ram or ,lamb became an object of adoration1 when1 in his turn1 he opened the equinox1 to deliver the world from the wintry reign of darkness and evil4 ,around the central and simple idea of the annual death and resurrection of the ,sun a multitude of circumstantial details soon clustered4 ,some were derived from other astronomical phenomena2 while many were merely poetical ornaments and inventions4 ,besides the ,sun and ,moon1 those ancients also saw a beautiful ,star1 shining1 with a soft1 silvery light1 always following the ,sun at no great distance when he set1 or preceding him when he rose4 ,another of a red and angry color1 and still another more kingly and brilliant than all1 early attracted their attention1 by their free movements among the fixed hosts of ,heaven3 and the latter by his unusual brilliancy1 and the regularity with which he rose and set4 ,these were ,venus1 ,mars1 and ,jupiter4 ,mercury and ,saturn could scarcely have been noticed in the world's infancy1 or until astronomy began to assume the proportions of a science4 ,in the projection of the celestial sphere by the astronomical priests1 the zodiac and constellations1 arranged in a circle1 presented their halves in diametrical opposition2 and the hemisphere of ,winter was said to be adverse1 opposed1 contrary1 to that of ,summer4 ,over the angels of the latter ruled a king 7,,osiris or ,,ormuzd71 enlightened1 intelligent1 creative1 and beneficent4 ,over the fallen angels or evil genii of the former1 the demons or ,devs of the subterranean empire of darkness and sorrow1 and its stars1 ruled also a chief4 ,in ,egypt the ,scorpion first ruled1 the sign next the ,balance1 and long the chief of the ,winter signs2 and then the ,polar ,bear or ,ass1 called ,typhon1 that is1 deluge1 on account of the rains which inundated the earth while that constellation domineered4 ,in ,persia1 at a later day1 it was the serpent1 which1 personified as ,ahriman1 was the ,evil ,principle of the religion of ,zoroaster4 ,the ,sun does not arrive at the same moment in each year at the equinoctial point on the equator4 ,the explanation of his anticipating that point belongs to the science of astronomy2 and to that we refer you for it4 ,the consequence is1 what is termed the precession of the equinoxes1 by means of which the ,sun is constantly changing his place in the zodiac1 at each vernal equinox2 so that now1 the signs retaining the names which they had #cjj years before ,christ1 they and the constellations do not correspond2 the ,sun being now in the constellation ,pisces1 when he is in the sign ,aries4 ,the annual amount of precession is #ej seconds and a little over #ej #a44 ,the period of a complete ,revolution of the ,equinoxes1 #be1hef years4 ,the precession amounts to #cj or a sign1 in #baee4f years4 ,so that1 as the sun now enters ,pisces at the ,vernal ,equinox1 he entered ,aries at that period1 #cjj years ,b4,c41 and ,taurus #bdee ,b4,c4 ,and the division of the ,ecliptic1 now called ,taurus1 lies in the ,constellation ,aries2 while the sign ,gemini is in the ,constellation ,taurus4 ,four thousand six hundred and ten years before ,christ1 the sun entered ,gemini at the ,vernal ,equinox4 ,at the two periods1 #bdee and #cjj years before ,christ1 and now1 the entrances of the sun at the ,equinoxes and ,solstices into the signs1 were and are as follows3-- ,b4,c4 #bdee4 ,vern4 ,equinox1 he entered ,taurus from ,aries4 ,summer ,solstice ,leo from ,cancer4 ,autumnal ,equinox ,scorpio from ,libra4 ,winter ,solstice ,aquarius from ,capricornus4 ,b4,c4 #cjj4 ,vern4 ,eq4 ,aries from ,pisces4 ,summer ,sols4 ,cancer from ,gemini4 ,autumn ,eq4 ,libra from ,virgo4 ,winter ,sols4 ,capricornus from ,sagittarius4 #ahgb4 ,vern4 ,eq4 ,pisces from ,aquarius4 ,sum4 ,sols4 ,gemini from ,taurus4 ,aut4 ,eq4 ,virgo from ,leo4 ,winter ,sols4 ,sagittarius from ,scorpio4 ,from confounding signs with causes came the worship of the sun and stars4 ,if1 says ,job1 ,i beheld the sun when it shined1 or the moon progressive in brightness2 and my heart hath been secretly enticed1 or my mouth hath kissed my hand1 this were an iniquity to be punished by the ,judge2 for ,i should have denied the ,god that is above4 ,perhaps we are not1 on the whole1 much wiser than those simple men of the old time4 ,for what do we know of effect and cause1 except that one thing regularly or habitually follows another8 ,so1 because the heliacal rising of ,sirius preceded the rising of the ,nile1 it was deemed to cause it2 and other stars were in like manner held to cause extreme heat1 bitter cold1 and watery storm4 ,a religious reverence for the zodiacal ,bull ,,taurus appears1 from a very early period1 to have been pretty general1--perhaps it was universal1 throughout ,asia2 from that chain or region of ,caucasus to which it gave name2 and which is still known under the appellation of ,mount ,taurus1 to the ,southern extremities of the ,indian ,peninsula2 extending itself also into ,europe1 and through the ,eastern parts of ,africa4 ,this evidently originated during those remote ages of the world1 when the colure of the vernal equinox passed across the stars in the head of the sign ,taurus among which was ,aldebarn2 a period when1 as the most ancient monuments of all the oriental nations attest1 the light of arts and letters first shone forth4 ,the ,arabian word ,,al-,,de-,,bar,n1 means the foremost1 or leading1 star3 and it could only have been so named1 when it did precede1 or lead1 all others4 ,the year then opened with the sun in ,taurus2 and the multitude of ancient sculptures1 both in ,assyria and ,egypt1 wherein the bull appears with lunette or crescent horns1 and the disk of the sun between them1 are direct allusions to the important festival of the first new moon of the year3 and there was everywhere an annual celebration of the festival of the first new moon1 when the year opened with ,sol and ,luna in ,taurus4 ,david sings3 ,blow the trumpet in the ,new ,moon2 in the time appointed2 on our solemn feast-day3 for this is a statute unto ,israel1 and a law of the ,god of ,jacob4 ,this he ordained to ,joseph1 for a testimony1 when he came out of the land of ,egypt4 ,the reverence paid to ,taurus continued long after1 by the precession of the ,equinoxes1 the colure of the vernal equinox had come to pass through ,aries4 ,the ,chinese still have a temple1 called ,the ,palace of the horned ,bull2 and the same symbol is worshipped in ,japan and all over ,hindostan4 ,the ,cimbrians carried a brazen bull with them1 as the image of their ,god1 when they overran ,spain and ,gaul2 and the representation of the ,creation1 by the ,deity in the shape of a bull1 breaking the shell of an egg with his horns1 meant ,taurus1 opening the year1 and bursting the symbolical shell of the annually-recurring orb of the new year4 ,theophilus says that the ,osiris of ,egypt was supposed to be dead or absent fifty days in each year4 ,landseer thinks that this was because the ,saban priests were accustomed to see1 in the lower latitudes of ,egypt and ,ethiopia1 the first or chief stars of the ,husbandman ,,bo,,tes sink achronically beneath the ,western horizon2 and then to begin their lamentations1 or hold forth the signal for others to weep3 and when his prolific virtues were supposed to be transferred to the vernal sun1 bacchanalian revelry became devotion4 ,before the colure of the ,vernal ,equinox had passed into ,aries1 and after it had left ,aldebarn and the ,hyades1 the ,pleiades were1 for seven or eight centuries1 the leading stars of the ,saban year4 ,and thus we see1 on the monuments1 the disk and crescent1 symbols of the sun and moon in conjunction1 appear successively1--first on the head1 and then on the neck and back of the ,zodiacal ,bull1 and more recently on the forehead of the ,ram4 ,the diagrammatical character or symbol1 still in use to denote ,taurus1 ,glyph1 is this very crescent and disk3 a symbol that has come down to us from those remote ages when this memorable conjunction in ,taurus1 by marking the commencement1 at once of the ,saban year and of the cycle of the ,chaldean ,saros1 so pre-eminently distinguished that sign as to become its characteristic symbol4 ,on a bronze bull from ,china1 the crescent is attached to the back of the ,bull1 by means of a cloud1 and a curved groove is provided for the occasional introduction of the disk of the sun1 when solar and lunar time were coincident and conjunctive1 at the commencement of the year1 and of the lunar cycle4 ,when that was made1 the year did not open with the stars in the head of the ,bull1 but when the colure of the vernal equinox passed across the middle or later degrees of the asterism ,taurus1 and the ,pleiades were1 in ,china1 as in ,canaan1 the leading stars of the year4 ,the crescent and disk combined always represent the conjunctive ,sun and ,moon2 and when placed on the head of the ,zodiacal ,bull1 the commencement of the cycle termed ,,saros by the ,chaldeans1 and ,metonic by the ,greeks2 and supposed to be alluded to in ,job1 by the phrase1 ,mazzaroth in his season2 that is to say1 when the first new ,moon and new ,sun of the year were coincident1 which happened once in eighteen years and a fraction4 ,on the sarcophagus of ,alexander1 the same symbol appears on the head of a ,ram1 which1 in the time of that monarch1 was the leading sign4 ,so too in the sculptured temples of the ,upper ,nile1 the crescent and disk appear1 not on the head of ,taurus1 but on the forehead of the ,ram or the ,ram-headed ,god1 whom the ,grecian ,mythologists called ,jupiter ,ammon1 really the ,sun in ,aries4 ,if we now look for a moment at the individual stars which composed and were near to the respective constellations1 we may find something that will connect itself with the symbols of the ,ancient ,mysteries and of ,masonry4 ,it is to be noticed that when the ,sun is in a particular constellation1 no part of that constellation will be seen1 except just before sunrise and just after sunset2 and then only the edge of it3 but the constellations opposite to it will be visible4 ,when the ,sun is in ,taurus1 for example1 that is1 when ,taurus sets with the ,sun1 ,scorpio rises as he sets1 and continues visible throughout the night4 ,and if ,taurus rises and sets with the ,sun to-day1 he will1 six months hence1 rise at sunset and set at sunrise2 for the stars thus gain on the ,sun two hours a month4 ,going back to the time when1 watched by the ,chaldean shepherds1 and the husbandmen of ,ethiopia and ,egypt1 ,the milk-white ,bull with golden horns ,led on the new-born year1 we see in the neck of ,,taurus1 the ,pleiades1 and in his face the ,hyades1 which ,grecia from their showering names1 and of whom the brilliant ,aldebarn is the chief2 while to the southwestward is that most splendid of all the constellations1 ,orion1 with ,betelgueux in his right shoulder1 ,bellatrix in his left shoulder1 ,rigel on the left foot1 and in his belt the three stars known as the ,three ,kings1 and now as the ,yard and ,ell4 ,orion1 ran the legend1 persecuted the ,pleiades2 and to save them from his fury1 ,jupiter placed them in the ,heavens1 where he still pursues them1 but in vain4 ,they1 with ,arcturus and the ,bands of ,orion1 are mentioned in the ,book of ,job4 ,they are usually called the ,seven ,stars1 and it is said there were seven1 before the fall of ,troy2 though now only six are visible4 ,the ,pleiades were so named from a ,greek word signifying to sail4 ,in all ages they have been observed for signs and seasons4 ,virgil says that the sailors gave names to the ,pleiades1 ,hyades1 and the ,northern ,car3 ,pleiadas1 ,hyadas1 ,claramque ,lycaonis ,arcton4 ,and ,palinurus1 he says1-- ,arcturum1 pluviasque ,hyadas1 ,geminosque ,triones1 ,armatumque auro circumspicit ,oriona1-- studied ,arcturus and the rainy ,hyades and the ,twin ,triones1 and ,orion cinctured with gold4 ,taurus was the prince and leader of the celestial host for more than two thousand years2 and when his head set with the ,sun about the last of ,may1 the ,scorpion was seen to rise in the ,southeast4 ,the ,pleiades were sometimes called ,vergili1 or the ,virgins of ,spring2 because the ,sun entered this cluster of stars in the season of blossoms4 ,their ,syrian name was ,succoth1 or ,succothbeneth1 derived from a ,chaldean word signifying to speculate or observe4 ,the ,hyades are five stars in the form of a ,v1 #aa southeast of the ,pleiades4 ,the ,greeks counted them as seven4 ,when the ,vernal ,equinox was in ,taurus1 ,aldebarn led up the starry host2 and as he rose in the ,east1 ,aries was about #bg high4 ,when he was close upon the meridian1 the ,heavens presented their most magnificent appearance4 ,capella was a little further from the meridian1 to the north2 and ,orion still further from it to the southward4 ,procyon1 ,sirius1 ,castor and ,pollux had climbed about half-way from the horizon to the meridian4 ,regulus had just risen upon the ecliptic4 ,the ,virgin still lingered below the horizon4 ,fomalhaut was half-way to the meridian in the ,southwest2 and to the ,northwest were the brilliant constellations1 ,perseus1 ,cepheus1 ,cassiopeia1 and ,andromeda2 while the ,pleiades had just passed the meridian4 ,,orion is visible to all the habitable world4 ,the equinoctial line passes through the centre of it4 ,when ,aldebarn rose in the ,east1 the ,three ,kings in ,orion followed him2 and as ,taurus set1 the ,scorpion1 by whose sting it was said ,orion died1 rose in the ,east4 ,orion rises at noon about the #ith of ,march4 ,his rising was accompanied with great rains and storms1 and it became very terrible to mariners4 ,in ,botes1 called by the ancient ,greeks ,lycaon1 from lukos1 a wolf1 and by the ,hebrews1 ,caleb ,anubach1 the ,barking ,dog1 is the ,great ,star ,,arcturus1 which1 when ,taurus opened the year1 corresponded with a season remarkable for its great heat4 ,next comes ,,gemini1 the ,twins1 two human figures1 in the heads of which are the bright ,stars ,,castor and ,,pollux1 the ,dioscuri1 and the ,cabiri of ,samothrace1 patrons of navigation2 while ,south of ,pollux are the brilliant ,stars ,,sirius and ,,procyon1 the greater and lesser ,dog3 and still further ,south1 ,canopus1 in the ,ship ,argo4 ,sirius is apparently the largest and brightest ,star in the ,heavens4 ,when the ,vernal ,equinox was in ,taurus1 he rose heliacally1 that is1 just before the ,sun1 when1 at the ,summer ,solstice1 the ,sun entered ,leo1 about the #bast of ,june1 fifteen days previous to the swelling of the ,nile4 ,the heliacal rising of ,canopus was also a precursor of the rising of the ,nile4 ,procyon was the forerunner of ,sirius1 and rose before him4 ,there are no important ,stars in ,,cancer4 ,in the ,zodiacs of ,esne and ,dendera1 and in most of the astrological remains of ,egypt1 the sign of this constellation was a beetle 7,scarabus71 which thence became sacred1 as an emblem of the gate through which souls descended from ,heaven4 ,in the crest of ,cancer is a cluster of ,stars formerly called ,prsepe1 the ,manger1 on each side of which is a small ,star1 the two of which were called ,aselli little asses4 ,in ,leo are the splendid ,stars1 ,,regulus1 directly on the ecliptic1 and ,,denebola in the ,lion's tail4 ,southeast of ,regulus is the fine ,star ,,cor ,,hydr4 ,the combat of ,hercules with the ,neman lion was his first labor4 ,it was the first sign into which the ,sun passed1 after falling below the ,summer ,solstice2 from which time he struggled to re-ascend4 ,the ,nile overflowed in this sign4 ,it stands first in the ,zodiac of ,dendera1 and is in all the ,indian and ,egyptian ,zodiacs4 ,in the left hand of ,,virgo 7,isis or ,ceres7 is the beautiful ,star ,,spica ,virginis1 a little ,south of the ecliptic4 ,,vindemiatrix1 of less magnitude1 is in the right arm2 and ,northwest of ,spica1 in ,botes 7the husbandman1 ,osiris71 is the splendid star ,,arcturus4 ,the division of the first ,decan of the ,virgin1 ,aben ,ezra says1 represents a beautiful ,virgin with flowing hair1 sitting in a chair1 with two ears of corn in her hand1 and suckling an infant4 ,in an ,arabian ,,ms4 in the ,royal ,library at ,paris1 is a picture of the ,twelve ,signs4 ,that of ,virgo is a young girl with an infant by her side4 ,virgo was ,isis2 and her representation1 carrying a child 7,horus7 in her arms1 exhibited in her temple1 was accompanied by this inscription3 ,i ,,am ,,all ,,that ,,is1 ,,that ,,was1 ,,and ,,that ,,shall ,,be2 and the fruit which ,i brought forth is the ,sun4 ,nine months after the ,sun enters ,virgo1 he reaches the ,twins4 ,when ,scorpio begins to rise1 ,orion sets3 when ,scorpio comes to the meridian1 ,leo begins to set1 ,typhon reigns1 ,osiris is slain1 and ,isis 7the ,virgin7 his sister and wife1 follows him to the tomb1 weeping4 ,the ,virgin and ,botes1 setting heliacally at the ,autumnal ,equinox1 delivered the world to the wintry constellations1 and introduced into it the genius of ,evil1 represented by ,ophiucus1 the ,serpent4 ,at the moment of the ,winter ,solstice1 the ,virgin rose heliacally 7with the ,sun71 having the ,sun 7,horus7 in her bosom4 ,in ,,libra are four ,stars of the second and third magnitude1 which we shall mention hereafter4 ,they are ,zuben-es-,chamali1 ,zuben-el-,gemabi1 ,zuben-hak-rabi1 and ,zuben-el-,gubi4 ,near the last of these is the brilliant and malign ,star1 ,,antares in ,scorpio4 ,in ,,scorpio1 ,,antares1 of the #ast magnitude1 and remarkably red1 was one of the four great ,stars1 ,,fomalhaut1 in ,cetus1 ,,aldebaran in ,taurus1 ,,regulus in ,leo1 and ,,antares1 that formerly answered to the ,solstitial and ,equinoctial points1 and were much noticed by astronomers4 ,this sign was sometimes represented by a ,snake1 and sometimes by a ,crocodile1 but generally by a ,scorpion1 which last is found on the ,mithriac ,monuments1 and on the ,zodiac of ,dendera4 ,it was considered a sign accursed1 and the entrance of the ,sun into it commenced the reign of ,typhon4 ,in ,sagittarius1 ,capricornus1 and ,aquarius there are no ,stars of importance4 ,near ,pisces is the brilliant ,star ,,fomalhaut4 ,no sign in the ,zodiac is considered of more malignant influence than this4 ,it was deemed indicative of ,violence and ,death4 ,both the ,syrians and ,egyptians abstained from eating fish1 out of dread and abhorhence2 and when the latter would represent anything as odious1 or express hatred by ,hieroglyphics1 they painted a fish4 ,in ,auriga is the bright ,star ,,capella1 which to the ,egyptians never set4 ,and1 circling ever round the ,north ,pole are ,seven ,stars1 known as ,ursa ,major1 or the ,great ,bear1 which have been an object of universal observation in all ages of the world4 ,they were venerated alike by the ,priests of ,bel1 the ,magi of ,persia1 the ,shepherds of ,chaldea1 and the ,phnician navigators1 as well as by the astronomers of ,egypt4 ,two of them1 ,,merak and ,,dubhe1 always point to the ,north ,pole4 ,the ,phoenicians and ,egyptians1 says ,eusebius1 were the first who ascribed divinity to the ,sun1 ,moon1 and ,stars1 and regarded them as the sole causes of the production and destruction of all beings4 ,from them went abroad over all the world all known opinions as to the generation and descent of the ,gods4 ,only the ,hebrews looked beyond the visible world to an invisible ,creator4 ,all the rest of the world regarded as ,gods those luminous bodies that blaze in the firmament1 offered them sacrifices1 bowed down before them1 and raised neither their souls nor their worship above the visible heavens4 ,the ,chaldeans1 ,canaanites1 and ,syrians1 among whom ,abraham lived1 did the same4 ,the ,canaanites consecrated horses and chariots to the ,sun4 ,the inhabitants of ,emesa in ,phnicia adored him under the name of ,elagabalus2 and the ,sun1 as ,hercules1 was the great ,deity of the ,tyrians4 ,the ,syrians worshipped1 with fear and dread1 the ,stars of the ,constellation ,pisces1 and consecrated images of them in their temples4 ,the ,sun as ,adonis was worshipped in ,byblos and about ,mount ,libanus4 ,there was a magnificent ,temple of the ,sun at ,palmyra1 which was pillaged by the soldiers of ,aurelian1 who rebuilt it and dedicated it anew4 ,the ,pleiades1 under the name of ,succoth-,beneth1 were worshipped by the ,babylonian colonists who settled in the country of the ,samaritans4 ,saturn1 under the name of ,remphan1 was worshipped among the ,copts4 ,the planet ,jupiter was worshipped as ,bel or ,baal2 ,mars as ,malec1 ,melech1 or ,moloch2 ,venus as ,ashtaroth or ,astarte1 and ,mercury as ,nebo1 among the ,syrians1 ,assyrians1 ,phnicians1 and ,canaanites4 ,sanchoniathon says that the earliest ,phnicians adored the ,sun1 whom they deemed sole ,lord of the ,heavens2 and honored him1 under the name of ,,beel-,,samin1 signifying ,king of ,heaven4 ,they raised columns to the elements1 fire1 and air or wind1 and worshipped them2 and ,sabism1 or the worship of the ,stars1 flourished everywhere in ,babylonia4 ,the ,arabs1 under a sky always clear and serene1 adored the ,sun1 ,moon1 and ,stars4 ,abulfaragius so informs us1 and that each of the twelve ,arab ,tribes invoked a particular ,star as its ,patron4 ,the ,tribe ,hamyar was consecrated to the ,sun1 the ,tribe ,cennah to the ,moon2 the ,tribe ,misa was under the protection of the beautiful ,star in ,taurus1 ,aldebarn2 the ,tribe ,tai under that of ,canopus2 the ,tribe ,kais1 of ,sirius2 the ,tribes ,lachamus and ,idamus1 of ,jupiter2 the ,tribe ,asad1 of ,mercury2 and so on4 ,the ,saracens1 in the time of ,heraclius1 worshipped ,venus1 whom they called ,,cabar1 or ,the ,great2 and they swore by the ,sun1 ,moon1 and ,stars4 ,shahristan1 an ,arabic author1 says that the ,arabs and ,indians before his time had temples dedicated to the seven ,planets4 ,abulfaragius says that the seven great primitive nations1 from whom all others descended1 the ,persians1 ,chaldans1 ,greeks1 ,egyptians1 ,turks1 ,indians1 and ,chinese1 all originally were ,sabists1 and worshipped the ,stars4 ,they all1 he says1 like the ,chaldans1 prayed1 turning toward the ,north ,pole three times a day1 at ,sunrise1 ,noon1 and ,sunset1 bowing themselves three times before the ,sun4 ,they invoked the ,stars and the ,intelligences which inhabited them1 offered them sacrifices1 and called the fixed stars and planets gods4 ,philo says that the ,chaldans regarded the stars as sovereign arbiters of the order of the world1 and did not look beyond the visible causes to any invisible and intellectual being4 ,they regarded ,,nature as the great divinity1 that exercised its powers through the action of its parts the ,sun1 ,moon1 ,planets1 and ,fixed ,stars1 the successive revolutions of the seasons1 and the combined action of ,heaven and ,earth4 ,the great feast of the ,sabans was when the ,sun reached the ,vernal ,equinox3 and they had five other feasts1 at the times when the five minor planets entered the signs in which they had their exaltation4 ,diodorus ,siculus informs us that the ,egyptians recognized two great ,divinities1 primary and eternal1 the ,sun and ,moon1 which they thought governed the world1 and from which everything receives its nourishment and growth3 that on them depended all the great work of generation1 and the perfection of all effects produced in nature4 ,we know that the two great ,divinities of ,egypt were ,osiris and ,isis1 the greatest agents of nature2 according to some1 the ,sun and ,moon1 and according to others1 ,heaven and ,earth1 or the active and passive principles of generation4 ,and we learn from ,porphyry that ,chremon1 a learned priest of ,egypt1 and many other learned men of that nation1 said that the ,egyptians recognized as gods the stars composing the zodiac1 and all those that by their rising or setting marked its divisions2 the subdivisions of the signs into decans1 the horoscope and the stars that presided therein1 and which were called ,potent ,chiefs of ,heaven3 that considering the ,sun as the ,great ,god1 ,architect1 and ,ruler of the ,world1 they explained not only the fable of ,osiris and ,isis1 but generally all their sacred legends1 by the stars1 by their appearance and disappearance1 by their ascension1 by the phases of the moon1 and the increase and diminution of her light2 by the march of the sun1 the division of time and the heavens into two parts1 one assigned to darkness and the other to light2 by the ,nile and1 in fine1 by the whole round of physical causes4 ,lucian tells us that the bull ,apis1 sacred to the ,egyptians1 was the image of the celestial ,bull1 or ,taurus2 and that ,jupiter ,ammon1 horned like a ram1 was an image of the constellation ,aries4 ,and ,clemens of ,alexandria assures us that the four principal sacred animals1 carried in their processions1 were emblems of the four signs or cardinal points which fixed the seasons at the equinoxes and solstices1 and divided into four parts the yearly march of the sun4 ,they worshipped fire also1 and water1 and the ,nile1 which river they styled ,father1 ,preserver of ,egypt1 sacred emanation from the ,great ,god ,osiris2 and in their hymns in which they called it the god crowned with millet 7which grain1 represented by the pschent1 was part of the head-dress of their kings71 bringing with him abundance4 ,the other elements were also revered by them3 and the ,great ,gods1 whose names are found inscribed on an ancient column1 are the ,air1 ,heaven1 the ,earth1 the ,sun1 the ,moon1 ,night1 and ,day4 ,and1 in fine1 as ,eusebius says1 they regarded the ,universe as a great ,deity1 composed of a great number of gods1 the different parts of itself4 ,the same worship of the ,heavenly ,host extended into every part of ,europe1 into ,asia ,minor1 and among the ,turks1 ,scythians1 and ,tartars4 ,the ancient ,persians adored the ,sun as ,mithras1 and also the ,moon1 ,venus1 ,fire1 ,earth1 ,air1 and ,water2 and1 having no statues or altars1 they sacrificed on high places to the ,heavens and to the ,sun4 ,on seven ancient pyrea they burned incense to the ,seven ,planets1 and considered the elements to be divinities4 ,in the ,zend-,avesta we find invocations addressed to ,mithras1 the stars1 the elements1 trees1 mountains1 and every part of nature4 ,the ,celestial ,bull is invoked there1 to which the ,moon unites herself2 and the four great stars1 ,taschter1 ,satevis1 ,haftorang1 and ,venant1 the great ,star ,rapitan1 and the other constellations which watch over the different portions of the earth4 ,the ,magi1 like a multitude of ancient nations1 worshipped fire1 above all the other elements and powers of nature4 ,in ,india1 the ,ganges and the ,indus were worshipped1 and the ,sun was the ,great ,divinity4 ,they worshipped the ,moon also1 and kept up the sacred fire4 ,in ,ceylon1 the ,sun1 ,moon1 and other planets were worshipped3 in ,sumatra1 the ,sun1 called ,iri1 and the ,moon1 called ,handa4 ,and the ,chinese built ,temples to ,heaven1 the ,earth1 and genii of the air1 of the water1 of the mountains1 and of the stars1 to the sea-dragon1 and to the planet ,mars4 ,the celebrated ,labyrinth was built in honor of the ,sun2 and its twelve palaces1 like the twelve superb columns of the ,temple at ,hieropolis1 covered with symbols relating to the twelve signs and the occult qualities of the elements1 were consecrated to the twelve gods or tutelary genii of the signs of the ,zodiac4 ,the figure of the pyramid and that of the obelisk1 resembling the shape of a flame1 caused these monuments to be consecrated to the ,sun and to ,fire4 ,and ,timus of ,locria says3 ,the equilateral triangle enters into the composition of the pyramid1 which has four equal faces and equal angles1 and which in this is like fire the most subtle and mobile of the elements4 ,they and the obelisks were erected in honor of the ,sun1 termed in an inscription upon one of the latter1 translated by the ,egyptian ,hermapion and to be found in ,ammianus ,marcellinus1 ,apollo the strong1 ,son of ,god1 ,he who made the world1 true ,lord of the diadems1 who possesses ,egypt and fills it with ,his glory4 ,the two most famous divisions of the ,heavens1 by seven1 which is that of the planets1 and by twelve1 which is that of the signs1 are found on the religious monuments of all the people of the ancient world4 ,the twelve ,great ,gods of ,egypt are met with everywhere4 ,they were adopted by the ,greeks and ,romans2 and the latter assigned one of them to each sign of the ,zodiac4 ,their images were seen at ,athens1 where an altar was erected to each2 and they were painted on the porticos4 ,the ,people of the ,north had their twelve ,azes1 or ,senate of twelve great gods1 of whom ,odin was chief4 ,the ,japanese had the same number1 and like the ,egyptians divided them into classes1 seven1 who were the most ancient1 and five1 afterward added3 both of which numbers are well known and consecrated in ,masonry4 ,there is no more striking proof of the universal adoration paid the stars and constellations1 than the arrangement of the ,hebrew camp in the ,desert1 and the allegory in regard to the twelve ,tribes of ,israel1 ascribed in the ,hebrew legends to ,jacob4 ,the ,hebrew camp was a quadrilateral1 in sixteen divisions1 of which the central four were occupied by images of the four elements4 ,the four divisions at the four angles of the quadrilateral exhibited the four signs that the astrologers called fixed1 and which they regard as subject to the influence of the four great ,royal ,stars1 ,regulus in ,leo1 ,aldebaran in ,taurus1 ,antares in ,scorpio1 and ,fomalhaut in the mouth of ,pisces1 on which falls the water poured out by ,aquarius2 of which constellations the ,scorpion was represented in the ,hebrew blazonry by the ,celestial ,vulture or ,eagle1 that rises at the same time with it and is its paranatellon4 ,the other signs were arranged on the four faces of the quadilateral1 and in the parallel and interior divisions4 ,there is an astonishing coincidence between the characteristics assigned by ,jacob to his sons1 and those of the signs of the ,zodiac1 or the planets that have their domicile in those signs4 ,reuben is compared to running water1 unstable1 and that cannot excel2 and he answers to ,aquarius1 his ensign being a man4 ,the water poured out by ,aquarius flows toward the ,south ,pole1 and it is the first of the four ,royal ,signs1 ascending from the ,winter ,solstice4 ,the ,lion 7,leo7 is the device of ,judah2 and ,jacob compares him to that animal1 whose constellation in the ,heavens is the domicile of the ,sun2 the ,lion of the ,tribe of ,judah2 by whose grip1 when that of apprentice and that of fellow-craft1--of ,aquarius at the ,winter ,solstice and of ,cancer at the ,vernal ,equinox1--had not succeeded in raising him1 ,khrm was lifted out of the grave4 ,ephraim1 on whose ensign appears the ,celestial ,bull1 ,jacob compares to the ox4 ,dan1 bearing as his device a ,scorpion1 he compares to the ,cerastes or horned ,serpent1 synonymous in astrological language with the vulture or pouncing eagle2 and which bird was often substituted on the flag of ,dan1 in place of the venomous scorpion1 on account of the terror which that reptile inspired1 as the symbol of ,typhon and his malign influences2 wherefore the ,eagle1 as its paranatellon1 that is1 rising and setting at the same time with it1 was naturally used in its stead4 ,hence the four famous figures in the sacred pictures of the ,jews and ,christians1 and in ,royal ,arch ,masonry1 of the ,lion1 the ,ox1 the ,man1 and the ,eagle1 the four creatures of the ,apocalypse1 copied there from ,ezekiel1 in whose reveries and rhapsodies they are seen revolving around blazing circles4 ,the ,ram1 domicile of ,mars1 chief of the ,celestial ,soldiery and of the twelve ,signs1 is the device of ,gad1 whom ,jacob characterizes as a warrior1 chief of his army4 ,cancer1 in which are the stars termed ,aselli1 or little assess1 is the device of the flag of ,issachar1 whom ,jacob compares to an ass4 ,capricorn1 of old represented with the tail of a fish1 and called by astronomers the ,son of ,neptune1 is the device of ,zebulon1 of whom ,jacob says that he dwells on the shore of the sea4 ,sagittarius1 chasing the ,celestial ,wolf1 is the emblem of ,benjamin1 whom ,jacob compares to a hunter3 and in that constellation the ,romans placed the domicile of ,diana the huntress4 ,virgo1 the domicile of ,mercury1 is borne on the flag of ,naphtali1 whose eloquence and agility ,jacob magnifies1 both of which are attributes of the ,courier of the ,gods4 ,and of ,simeon and ,levi he speaks as united1 as are the two fishes that make the ,constellation ,pisces1 which is their armorial emblem4 ,plato1 in his ,republic1 followed the divisions of the ,zodiac and the planets4 ,so also did ,lycurgus at ,sparta1 and ,cecrops in the ,athenian ,commonwealth4 ,chun1 the ,chinese legislator1 divided ,china into twelve ,tcheou1 and specially designated twelve mountains4 ,the ,etruscans divided themselves into twelve ,cantons4 ,romulus appointed twelve ,lictors4 ,there were twelve tribes of ,ishmael and twelve disciples of the ,hebrew ,reformer4 ,the ,new ,jerusalem of the ,apocalypse has twelve gates4 ,the ,souciet1 a ,chinese book1 speaks of a palace composed of four buildings1 whose gates looked toward the four corners of the world4 ,that on the ,east was dedicated to the new moons of the months of ,spring2 that on the ,west to those of ,autumn2 that on the ,south to those of ,summer2 and that on the ,north to those of ,winter3 and in this1 palace the ,emperor and his grandees sacrificed a lamb1 the animal that represented the ,sun at the ,vernal ,equinox4 ,among the ,greeks1 the march of the ,choruses in their theatres represented the movements of the ,heavens and the planets1 and the ,strophe and ,anti-,strophe imitated1 ,aristoxenes says1 the movements of the ,stars4 ,the number five was sacred among the ,chinese1 as that of the planets other than the ,sun and ,moon4 ,astrology consecrated the numbers twelve1 seven1 thirty1 and three hundred and sixty2 and everywhere seven1 the number of the planets1 was as sacred as twelve1 that of the signs1 the months1 the oriental cycles1 and the sections of the horizon4 ,we shall speak more at large hereafter1 in another ,degree1 as to these and other numbers1 to which the ancients ascribed mysterious powers4 ,the ,signs of the ,zodiac and the ,stars appeared on many of the ancient coins and medals4 ,on the public seal of the ,locrians1 ,ozoles was ,hesperus1 or the planet ,venus4 ,on the medals of ,antioch on the ,orontes was the ram and crescent2 and the ,ram was the special ,deity of ,syria1 assigned to it in the division of the earth among the twelve signs4 ,on the ,cretan coins was the ,equinoctial ,bull2 and he also appeared on those of the ,mamertins and of ,athens4 ,sagittarius appeared on those of the ,persians4 ,in ,india the twelve signs appeared upon the ancient coins4 ,the ,scorpion was engraved on the medals of the ,kings of ,comagena1 and ,capricorn on those of ,zeugma1 ,anazorba1 and other cities4 ,on the medals of ,antoninus are found nearly all the signs of the ,zodiac4 ,astrology was practised among all the ancient nations4 ,in ,egypt1 the book of ,astrology was borne reverentially in the religious processions2 in which the few sacred animals were also carried1 as emblems of the equinoxes and solstices4 ,the same science nourished among the ,chaldeans1 and over the whole of ,asia and ,africa4 ,when ,alexander invaded ,india1 the astrologers of the ,oxydraces came to him to disclose the secrets of their science of ,heaven and the ,stars4 ,the ,brahmins whom ,apollonius consulted1 taught him the secrets of ,astronomy1 with the ceremonies and prayers whereby to appease the gods and learn the future from the stars4 ,in ,china1 astrology taught the mode of governing the ,state and families4 ,in ,arabia it was deemed the mother of the sciences2 and old libraries are full of ,arabic books on this pretended science4 ,it flourished at ,rome4 ,constantine had his horoscope drawn by the astrologer ,valens4 ,it was a science in the middle ages1 and even to this day is neither forgotten nor unpractised4 ,catherine de ,medici was fond of it4 ,louis ,,xiv4 consulted his horoscope1 and the learned ,casini commenced his career as an astrologer4 ,the ancient ,sabans established feasts in honor of each planet1 on the day1 for each1 when it entered its place of exaltation1 or reached the particular degree in the particular sign of the zodiac in which astrology had fixed the place of its exaltation2 that is1 the place in the ,heavens where its influence was supposed to be greatest1 and where it acted on ,nature with the greatest energy4 ,the place of exaltation of the ,sun was in ,aries1 because1 reaching that point1 he awakens all ,nature1 and warms into life all the germs of vegetation2 and therefore his most solemn feast among all nations1 for many years before our ,era1 was fixed at the time of his entrance into that sign4 ,in ,egypt1 it was called the ,feast of ,fire and ,light4 ,it was the ,passover1 when the ,paschal ,lamb was slain and eaten1 among the ,jews1 and ,neurouz among the ,persians4 ,the ,romans preferred the place of domicile to that of exaltation2 and celebrated the feasts of the planets under the signs that were their houses4 ,the ,chaldeans1 whom1 and not the ,egyptians1 the ,sabans followed in this1 preferred the places of exaltation4 ,saturn1 from the length of time required for his apparent revolution1 was considered the most remote1 and the ,moon the nearest planet4 ,after the ,moon came ,mercury and ,venus1 then the ,sun and then ,mars1 ,jupiter1 and ,saturn4 ,so the risings and settings of the ,fixed ,stars1 and their conjunctions with the ,sun1 and their first appearance as they emerged from his rays1 fixed the epochs for the feasts instituted in their honor2 and the ,sacred ,calendars of the ancients were regulated accordingly4 ,in the ,roman games of the circus1 celebrated in honor of the ,sun and of entire ,nature1 the ,sun1 ,moon1 ,planets1 ,zodiac1 ,elements1 and the most apparent parts and potent agents of ,nature were personified and represented1 and the courses of the ,sun in the ,heavens were imitated in the ,hippodrome2 his chariot being drawn by four horses of different colors1 representing the four elements and seasons4 ,the courses were from ,east to ,west1 like the circuits round the ,lodge1 and seven in number1 to correspond with the number of planets4 ,the movements of the ,seven ,stars that revolve around the pole were also represented1 as were those of ,capella1 which by its heliacal rising at the moment when the ,sun reached the ,pleiades1 in ,taurus1 announced the commencement of the annual revolution of the ,sun4 ,the intersection of the ,zodiac by the colures at the ,equinoctial and ,solstitial points1 fixed four periods1 each of which has1 by one or more nations1 and in some cases by the same nation at different periods1 been taken for the commencement of the year4 ,some adopted the ,vernal ,equinox1 because then day began to prevail over night1 and light gained a victory over darkness4 ,sometimes the ,summer ,solstice was preferred2 because then day attained its maximum of duration1 and the acme of its glory and perfection4 ,in ,egypt1 another reason was1 that then the ,nile began to overflow1 at the heliacal rising of ,sirius4 ,some preferred the ,autumnal ,equinox1 because then the harvests were gathered1 and the hopes of a new crop were deposited in the bosom of the earth4 ,and some preferred the ,winter ,solstice1 because then1 the shortest day having arrived1 their length commenced to increase1 and ,light began the career destined to end in victory at the ,vernal ,equinox4 ,the ,sun was figuratively said to die and be born again at the ,winter ,solstice2 the games of the ,circus1 in honor of the invincible ,god-,sun1 were then celebrated1 and the ,roman year1 established or reformed by ,numa1 commenced4 ,many peoples of ,italy commenced their year1 ,macrobius says1 at that time2 and represented by the four ages of man the gradual succession of periodical increase and diminution of day1 and the light of the ,sun2 likening him to an infant born at the ,winter ,solstice1 a young man at the ,vernal ,equinox1 a robust man at the ,summer ,solstice1 and an old man at the ,autumnal ,equinox4 ,this idea was borrowed from the ,egyptians1 who adored the ,sun at the ,winter ,solstice1 under the figure of an infant4 ,the image of the ,sign in which each of the four seasons commenced1 became the form under which was figured the ,sun of that particular season4 ,the ,lion's skin was worn by ,hercules2 the horns of the ,bull adorned the forehead of ,bacchus2 and the autumnal serpent wound its long folds round the ,statue of ,serapis1 #bejj years before our era2 when those ,signs corresponded with the commencement of the ,seasons4 ,when other constellations replaced them at those points1 by means of the precession of the ,equinoxes1 those attributes were changed4 ,then the ,ram furnished the horns for the head of the ,sun1 under the name of ,jupiter ,ammon4 ,he was no longer born exposed to the waters of ,aquarius1 like ,bacchus1 nor enclosed in an urn like the ,god ,canopus2 but in the ,stables of ,augeas or the ,celestial ,goat4 ,he then completed his triumph1 mounted on an ass1 in the constellation ,cancer1 which then occupied the ,solstitial point of ,summer4 ,other attributes the images of the ,sun borrowed from the constellations which1 by their rising and setting1 fixed the points of departure of the year1 and the commencements of its four principal divisions4 ,first the ,bull and afterward the ,ram 7called by the ,persians the ,lamb71 was regarded as the regenerator of ,nature1 through his union with the ,sun4 ,each1 in his turn1 was an emblem of the ,sun overcoming the winter darkness1 and repairing the disorders of ,nature1 which every year was regenerated under these ,signs1 after the ,scorpion and ,serpent of ,autumn had brought upon it barrenness1 disaster1 and darkness4 ,mithras was represented sitting on a ,bull2 and that animal was an image of ,osiris3 while the ,greek ,bacchus armed his front with its horns1 and was pictured with its tail and feet4 ,the ,constellations also became noteworthy to the husbandman1 which by their rising or setting1 at morning or evening1 indicated the coming of this period of renewed fruitfulness and new life4 ,capella1 or the kid ,amalthea1 whose horn is called that of abundance1 and whose place is over the equinoctial point1 or ,taurus2 and the ,pleiades1 that long indicated the ,seasons1 and gave rise to a multitude of poetic fables1 were the most observed and most celebrated in antiquity4 ,the original ,roman year commenced at the ,vernal ,equinox4 ,july was formerly called ,quintilis1 the #eth month1 and ,august ,sextilis1 the #fth1 as ,september is still the #gth month1 ,october the #hth1 and so on4 ,the ,persians commenced their year at the same time1 and celebrated their great feast of ,neurouz when the ,sun entered ,aries and the ,constellation ,perseus rose1--,perseus1 who first brought down to earth the heavenly fire consecrated in their temples3 and all the ceremonies then practised reminded men of the renovation of ,nature and the triumph of ,ormuzd1 the ,light-,god1 over the powers of ,darkness and ,ahriman their ,chief4 ,the ,legislator of the ,jews fixed the commencement of their year in the month ,nisan1 at the ,vernal ,equinox1 at which season the ,israelites marched out of ,egypt and were relieved of their long bondage2 in commemoration of which ,exodus1 they ate the ,paschal ,lamb at that ,equinox4 ,and when ,bacchus and his army had long marched in burning deserts1 they were led by a ,lamb or ,ram into beautiful meadows1 and to the ,springs that watered the ,temple of ,jupiter ,ammon4 ,for1 to the ,arabs and ,ethiopians1 whose great ,divinity ,bacchus was1 nothing was so perfect a type of ,elysium as a ,country abounding in springs and rivulets4 ,orion1 on the same meridian with the ,stars of ,taurus1 died of the sting of the celestial ,scorpion1 that rises when he sets2 as dies the ,bull of ,mithras in ,autumn3 and in the ,stars that correspond with the ,autumnal ,equinox we find those malevolent genii that ever war against the ,principle of good1 and that take from the ,sun and the ,heavens the fruit-producing power that they communicate to the earth4 ,with the ,vernal ,equinox1 dear to the sailor as to the husbandman1 came the ,stars that1 with the ,sun1 open navigation1 and rule the stormy ,seas4 ,then the ,twins plunge into the solar fires1 or disappear at setting1 going down with the ,sun into the bosom of the waters4 ,and these tutelary ,divinities of mariners1 the ,dioscuri or ,chief ,cabiri of ,samothrace1 sailed with ,jason to possess themselves of the golden-fleeced ram1 or ,aries1 whose rising in the morning announced the ,sun's entry into ,taurus1 when the ,serpent-bearer ,jason rose in the evening1 and1 in aspect with the ,dioscuri1 was deemed their brother4 ,and ,orion1 son of ,neptune1 and most potent controller of the tempest-tortured ocean1 announcing sometimes calm and sometimes tempest1 rose after ,taurus1 rejoicing in the forehead of the new year4 ,the ,summer ,solstice was not less an important point in the ,sun's march than the ,vernal ,equinox1 especially to the ,egyptians1 to whom it not only marked the end and term of the increasing length of the days and of the domination of light1 and the maximum of the ,sun's elevation2 but also the annual recurrence of that phenomenon peculiar to ,egypt1 the rising of the ,nile1 which1 ever accompanying the ,sun in his course1 seemed to rise and fall as the days grew longer and shorter1 being lowest at the ,winter ,solstice1 and highest at that of ,summer4 ,thus the ,sun seemed to regulate its swelling2 and the time of his arrival at the solstitial point being that of the first rising of the ,nile1 was selected by the ,egyptians as the beginning of a year which they called the ,year of ,god1 and of the ,sothiac ,period1 or the period of ,sothis1 the ,dog-,star1 who1 rising in the morning1 fixed that epoch1 so important to the people of ,egypt4 ,this year was also called the ,heliac1 that is the ,solar year1 and the ,canicular year2 and it consisted of three hundred and sixty-five days1 without intercalation2 so that at the end of four years1 or of four times three hundred and sixty-five days1 making #adfj days1 it needed to add a day1 to make four complete revolutions of the ,sun4 ,to correct this1 some ,nations made every fourth year consist1 as we do now1 of #cff days3 but the ,egyptians preferred to add nothing to the year of #cfe days1 which1 at the end of #abj years1 or of #cj times #d years1 was short #cj days or a month2 that is to say1 it required a month more to complete the #abj revolutions of the ,sun1 though so many were counted1 that is1 so many years4 ,of course the commencement of the #abast year would not correspond with the ,summer ,solstice1 but would precede it by a month3 so that1 when the ,sun arrived at the ,solstitial point whence he at first set out1 and whereto he must needs return1 to make in reality #abj years1 or #abj complete revolutions1 the first month of the #abast year would have ended4 ,thus1 if the commencement of the year went back #cj days every #abj years1 this commencement of the year1 continuing to recede1 would1 at the end of #ab times #abj years1 or of #adfj years get back to the ,solstitial point1 or primitive point of departure of the period4 ,the ,sun would then have made but #adei revolutions though #adfj were counted2 to make up which1 a year more would need to be added4 ,so that the ,sun would not have made his #adfj revolutions until the end of #adfa years of #cfe days each1--each revolution being in reality not #cfe days exactly1 but #cfe-l_/#d4 ,this period of #adfa years1 each of #cfe days1 bringing back the commencement of the ,solar year to the ,solstitial point1 at the rising of ,sirius1 after #adfj complete ,solar revolutions1 was called in ,egypt the ,sothiac period1 the point of departure whereof was the ,summer ,solstice1 first occupied by the ,lion and afterward by ,cancer1 under which sign is ,sirius1 which opened the period4 ,it was1 says ,porphyry1 at this ,solstitial ,new ,moon1 accompanied by the rising of ,seth or the ,dog-,star1 that the beginning of the year was fixed1 and that of the generation of all things1 or1 as it were1 the natal hour of the world4 ,not ,sirius alone determined the period of the rising of the ,nile4 ,aquarius1 his urn1 and the stream flowing from it1 in opposition to the sign of the ,summer ,solstice then occupied by the ,sun1 opened in the evening the march of ,night1 and received the full ,moon in his cup4 ,above him and with him rose the feet of ,pegasus1 struck wherewith the waters flow forth that the ,muses drink4 ,the ,lion and the ,dog1 indicating1 were supposed to cause the inundation1 and so were worshipped4 ,while the ,sun passed through ,leo1 the waters doubled their depth2 and the sacred fountains poured their streams through the heads of lions4 ,hydra1 rising between ,sirius and ,leo1 extended under three signs4 ,its head rose with ,cancer1 and its tail with the feet of the ,virgin and the beginning of ,libra2 and the inundation continued while the ,sun passed along its whole extent4 ,the successive contest of light and darkness for the possession of the lunar disk1 each being by turns victor and vanquished1 exactly resembled what passed upon the earth by the action of the ,sun and his journeys from one ,solstice to the other4 ,the lunary revolution presented the same periods of light and darkness as the year1 and was the object of the same religious fictions4 ,above the ,moon1 ,pliny said1 everything is pure1 and filled with eternal light4 ,there ends the cone of shadow which the earth projects1 and which produces night2 there ends the sojourn of night and darkness2 to it the air extends2 but there we enter the pure substance4 ,the ,egyptians assigned to the ,moon the demiurgic or creative force of ,osiris1 who united himself to her in the spring1 when the ,sun communicated to her the principles of generation which she afterward disseminated in the air and all the elements4 ,the ,persians considered the ,moon to have been impregnated by the ,celestial ,bull1 first of the signs of spring4 ,in all ages1 the ,moon has been supposed to have great influence upon vegetation1 and the birth and growth of animals2 and the belief is as widely entertained now as ever1 and that influence regarded as a mysterious and inexplicable one4 ,not the astrologers alone1 but ,naturalists like ,pliny1 ,philosophers like ,plutarch and ,cicero1 ,theologians like the ,egyptian ,priests1 and ,metaphysicians like ,proclus1 believed firmly in these lunar influences4 ,the ,egyptians1 says ,diodorus ,siculus1 acknowledged two great gods1 the ,sun and ,moon1 or ,osiris and ,isis1 who govern the world and regulate its administration by the dispensation of the seasons4444 ,such is the nature of these two great ,divinities1 that they impress an active and fecundating force1 by which the generation of beings in effected2 the ,sun1 by heat and that spiritual principle that forms the breath of the winds2 the ,moon by humidity and dryness2 and both by the forces of the air which they share in common4 ,by this beneficial influence everything is born1 grows1 and vegetates4 ,wherefore this whole huge body1 in which nature resides1 is maintained by the combined action of the ,sun and ,moon1 and their five qualities1--the principles spiritual1 fiery1 dry1 humid1 and airy4 ,so five primitive powers1 elements1 or elementary qualities1 are united with the ,sun and ,moon in the ,indian theology1--air1 spirit1 fire1 water1 and earth3 and the same five elements are recognized by the ,chinese4 ,the ,phoenicians1 like the ,egyptians1 regarded the ,sun and ,moon and ,stars as sole causes of generation and destruction here below4 ,the ,moon1 like the ,sun1 changed continually the track in which she crossed the ,heavens1 moving ever to and fro between the upper and lower limits of the ,zodiac2 and her different places1 phases1 and aspects there1 and her relations with the ,sun and the constellations1 have been a fruitful source of mythological fables4 ,all the planets had what astrology termed their houses1 in the ,zodiac4 ,the ,house of the ,sun was in ,leo1 and that of the ,moon in ,cancer4 ,each other planet had two signs2 ,mercury had ,gemini and ,virgo2 ,venus1 ,taurus and ,libra2 ,mars1 ,aries and ,scorpio2 ,jupiter1 ,pisces and ,sagittarius2 and ,saturn1 ,aquarius and ,capricornus4 ,from this distribution of the signs also came many mythological emblems and fables2 as also many came from the places of exaltation of the planets4 ,diana of ,ephesus1 the ,moon wore the image of a crab on her bosom1 because in that sign was the ,moon's domicile2 and lions bore up the throne of ,horus1 the ,egyptian ,apollo1 the ,sun personified1 for a like reason3 while the ,egyptians consecrated the tauriform scarabsus to the ,moon1 because she had her place of exaltation in ,taurus2 and for the same reason ,mercury is said to have presented ,isis with a helmet like a bull's head4 ,a further division of the ,zodiac was of each sign into three parts of #aj each1 called ,decans1 or1 in the whole ,zodiac1 #cf parts1 among which the seven planets were apportioned anew1 each planet having an equal number of ,decans1 except the first1 which1 opening and closing the series of planets five times repeated1 necessarily had one ,decan more than the others4 ,this subdivision was not invented until after ,aries opened the ,vernal ,equinox2 and accordingly ,mars1 having his house in ,aries1 opens the series of decans and closes it2 the planets following each other1 five times in succession1 in the following order1 ,mars1 the ,sun1 ,venus1 ,mercury1 the ,moon1 ,saturn1 ,jupiter1 ,mars1 etc42 so that to each sign are assigned three planets1 each occupying #aj degrees4 ,to each ,decan a ,god or ,genius was assigned1 making thirty-six in all1 one of whom1 the ,chaldeans said1 came down upon earth every ten days1 remained so many days1 and re-ascended to ,heaven4 ,this division is found on the ,indian sphere1 the ,persian1 and that ,barbaric one which ,aben ,ezra describes4 ,each genius of the ,decans had a name and special characteristics4 ,they concur and aid in the effects produced by the ,sun1 ,moon1 and other planets charged with the administration of the world3 and the doctrine in regard to them1 secret and august as it was held1 was considered of the gravest importance2 and its principles1 ,firmicus says1 were not entrusted by the ancients1 inspired as they were by the ,deity1 to any but the ,initiates1 and to them only with great reserve1 and a kind of fear1 and when cautiously enveloped with an obscure veil1 that they might not come to be known by the profane4 ,with these ,decans were connected the paranatellons or those stars outside of the ,zodiac1 that rise and set at the same moment with the several divisions of #aj of each sign4 ,as there were anciently only forty-eight celestial figures or constellations1 of which twelve were in the ,zodiac1 it follows that there were1 outside of the ,zodiac1 thirty-six other asterisms1 paranatellons of the several thirty-six ,decans4 ,for example1 as when ,capricorn set1 ,sirius and ,procyon1 or ,canis ,major and ,canis ,minor1 rose1 they were the ,paranatellons of ,capricorn1 though at a great distance from it in the heavens4 ,the rising of ,cancer was known from the setting of ,corona ,borealis and the rising of the ,great and ,little ,dog1 its three paranatellons4 ,the risings and settings of the ,stars are always spoken of as connected with the ,sun4 ,in that connection there are three kinds of them1 cosmical1 achronical1 and heliacal1 important to be distinguished by all who would understand this ancient learning4 ,when any ,star rises or sets with the same degree of the same sign of the ,zodiac that the ,sun occupies at the time1 it rises and sets simultaneously with the ,sun1 and this is termed rising or setting cosmically2 but a star that so rises and sets can never be seen1 on account of the light that precedes1 and is left behind by the ,sun4 ,it is therefore necessary1 in order to know his place in the ,zodiac1 to observe stars that rise just before or set just after him4 ,a ,star that is in the ,east when night commences1 and in the ,west when it ends1 is said to rise and set achronically4 ,a ,star so rising or setting was in opposition to the ,sun1 rising at the end of evening twilight1 and setting at the beginning of morning twilight1 and this happened to each ,star but once a year1 because the ,sun moves from ,west to ,east1 with reference to the ,stars1 one degree a day4 ,when a ,star rises as night ends in the morning1 or sets as night commences in the evening1 it is said to rise or set heliacally1 because the ,sun 7,helios7 seems to touch it with his luminous atmosphere4 ,a ,star thus re-appears after a disappearance1 often1 of several months1 and thenceforward it rises an hour earlier each day1 gradually emerging from the ,sun's rays1 until at the end of three months it precedes the ,sun six hours1 and rises at midnight4 ,a ,star sets heliacally1 when no longer remaining visible above the ,western horizon after sunset1 the day arrives when they cease to be seen setting in the ,west4 ,they so remain invisible1 until the ,sun passes so far to the ,eastward as not to eclipse them with his light2 and then they re-appear1 but in the ,east1 about an hour and a half before sunrise3 and this is their heliacal rising4 ,in this interval1 the cosmical rising and setting take place4 ,besides the relations of the constellations and their paranatellons with the houses and places of exaltation of the ,planets1 and with their places in the respective ,signs and ,decans1 the ,stars were supposed to produce different effects according as they rose or set1 and according as they did so either cosmically1 achronically1 or heliacally2 and also according to the different seasons of the year in which these phenomena occurred2 and these differences were carefully marked on the old ,calendars2 and many things in the ancient allegories are referable to them4 ,another and most important division of the ,stars was into good and bad1 beneficent and malevolent4 ,with the ,persians1 the former1 of the ,zodiacal ,constellations1 were from ,aries to ,virgo1 inclusive2 and the latter from ,libra to ,pisces1 inclusive4 ,hence the good ,angels and ,genii1 and the bad ,angels1 ,devs1 ,evil ,genii1 ,devils1 ,fallen ,angels1 ,titans1 and ,giants of the ,mythology4 ,the ,other thirty-six ,constellations were equally divided1 eighteen on each side1 or1 with those of the ,zodiac1 twenty-four4 ,thus the symbolic ,egg1 that issued from the mouth of the invisible ,egyptian ,god ,,kneph2 known in the ,grecian ,mysteries as the ,orphic ,egg2 from which issued the ,god ,,chumong of the ,coresians1 and the ,egyptian ,,osiris1 and ,,phanes1 ,god and ,principle of ,light2 from which1 broken by the ,sacred ,bull of the ,japanese1 the world emerged2 and which the ,greeks placed at the feet of ,,bacchus ,,tauri-,,cornus2 the ,magian ,egg of ,,ormuzd1 from which came the ,amshaspands and ,devs2 was divided into two halves1 and equally apportioned between the ,good and ,evil ,constellations and ,angels4 ,those of ,spring1 as for example ,aries and ,taurus1 ,auriga and ,capella1 were the beneficent stars2 and those of ,autumn1 as the ,balance1 ,scorpio1 the ,serpent of ,ophiucus1 and the ,dragon of the ,hesperides1 were types and subjects of the ,evil ,principle1 and regarded as malevolent causes of the ill effects experienced in ,autumn and ,winter4 ,thus are explained the mysteries of the journeyings of the human soul through the spheres1 when it descends to the earth by the ,sign of the ,serpent1 and returns to the ,empire of light by that or the ,lamb or ,bull4 ,the creative action of ,heaven was manifested1 and all its demiurgic energy developed1 most of all at the ,vernal ,equinox1 to which refer all the fables that typify the victory of ,light over ,darkness1 by the triumphs of ,jupiter1 ,osiris1 ,ormuzd1 and ,apollo4 ,always the triumphant god takes the form of the ,bull1 the ,ram1 or the ,lamb4 ,then ,jupiter wrests from ,typhon his thunderbolts1 of which that malignant ,deity had possessed himself during the ,winter4 ,then the ,god of ,light overwhelms his foe1 pictured as a huge ,serpent4 ,then ,winter ends2 the ,sun1 seated on the ,bull and accompanied by ,orion1 blazes in the ,heavens4 ,all nature rejoices at the victory2 and ,order and ,harmony are everywhere re-established1 in place of the dire confusion that reigned while gloomy ,typhon domineered1 and ,ahriman prevailed against ,ormuzd4 ,the universal ,soul of the ,world1 motive power of ,heaven and of the ,spheres1 it was held1 exercises its creative energy chiefly through the medium of the ,sun1 during his revolution along the signs of the ,zodiac1 with which signs unite the paranatellons that modify their influence1 and concur in furnishing the symbolic attributes of the ,great ,luminary that regulates ,nature and is the depository of her greatest powers4 ,the action of this ,universal ,soul of the ,world is displayed in the movements of the ,spheres1 and above all in that of the ,sun1 in the successions of the risings and settings of the ,stars1 and in their periodical returns4 ,by these are explainable all the metamorphoses of that ,soul1 personified as ,jupiter1 as ,bacchus1 as ,vishnu1 or as ,buddha1 and all the various attributes ascribed to it2 and also the worship of those animals that were consecrated in the ancient ,temples1 representatives on earth of the ,celestial ,signs1 and supposed to receive by transmission from them the rays and emanations which in them flow from the ,universal ,soul4 ,all the old ,adorers of ,nature1 the ,theologians1 ,astrologers1 and ,poets1 as well as the most distinguished ,philosophers1 supposed that the ,stars were so many animated and intelligent beings1 or eternal bodies1 active causes of effect here below1 animated by a living principle1 and directed by an intelligence that was itself but an emanation from and a part of the life and universal intelligence of the world3 and we find in the hierarchical order and distribution of their eternal and divine ,intelligences1 known by the names of ,gods1 ,angels1 and ,genii1 the same distributions and the same divisions as those by which the ancients divided the visible ,universe and distributed its parts4 ,and the famous divisions by seven and by twelve1 appertaining to the planets and the signs of the zodiac1 is everywhere found in the hierarchical order of the ,gods1 and ,angels1 and the other ,ministers that are the depositaries of that ,divine ,force which moves and rules the world4 ,these1 and the other ,intelligences assigned to the other ,stars have absolute dominion over all parts of ,nature2 over the elements1 the animal and vegetable kingdoms1 over man and all his actions1 over his virtues and vices1 and over good and evil1 which divide between them his life4 ,the passions of his soul and the maladies of his body1--these and the entire man are dependent on the heavens and the genii that there inhabit1 who preside at his birth1 control his fortunes during life1 and receive his soul or active and intelligent part when it is to be re-united to the pure life of the lofty ,stars4 ,and all through the great body of the world are disseminated portions of the universal ,soul1 impressing movement on everything that seems to move of itself1 giving life to the plants and trees1 directing by a regular and settled plan the organization and development of their germs1 imparting constant mobility to the running waters and maintaining their eternal motion1 impelling the winds and changing their direction or stilling them1 calming and arousing the ocean1 unchaining the storms1 pouring out the fires of volcanoes1 or with earthquakes shaking the roots of huge mountains and the foundations of vast continents2 by means of a force that1 belonging to ,nature1 is a mystery to man4 ,and these invisible ,intelligences1 like the stars1 are marshalled in two great divisions1 under the banners of the two ,principles of ,good and ,evil1 ,light and ,darkness2 under ,ormuzd and ,ahriman1 ,osiris and ,typhon4 ,the ,evil ,principle was the motive power of brute matter2 and it1 personified as ,ahriman and ,typhon1 had its hosts and armies of ,devs and ,genii1 ,fallen ,angels and ,malevolent ,spirits1 who waged continual wage with the ,good ,principle1 the ,principle of ,empyreal ,light and ,splendor1 ,osiris1 ,ormuzd1 ,jupiter or ,dionusos1 with his bright hosts of ,amshaspands1 ,izeds1 ,angels1 and ,archangels2 a warfare that goes on from birth until death1 in the soul of every man that lives4 ,we have heretofore1 in the #bdth ,degree1 recited the principal incidents in the legend of ,osiris and ,isis1 and it remains but to point out the astronomical phenomena which it has converted into mythological facts4 ,the ,sun1 at the ,vernal ,equinox1 was the fruit-compelling star that by his warmth provoked generation and poured upon the sublunary world all the blessings of ,heaven2 the beneficent god1 tutelary genius of universal vegetation1 that communicates to the dull earth new activity1 and stirs her great heart1 long chilled by ,winter and his frosts1 until from her bosom burst all the greenness and perfume of spring1 making her rejoice in leafy forests and grassy lawns and flower-enamelled meadows1 and the promise of abundant crops of grain and fruits and purple grapes in their due season4 ,he was then called ,osiris1 ,husband of ,isis1 ,god of ,cultivation and ,benefactor of ,men1 pouring on them and on the earth the choicest blessings within the gift of the ,divinity4 ,opposed to him was ,typhon1 his antagonist in the ,egyptian mythology1 as ,ahriman was the foe of ,ormuzd1 the ,good ,principle1 in the theology of the ,persians4 ,the first inhabitants of ,egypt and ,ethiopia1 as ,diodorus ,siculus informs us1 saw in the ,heavens two first eternal causes of things1 or great ,divinities1 one the ,sun1 whom they called ,osiris1 and the other the ,moon1 whom they called ,isis2 and these they considered the causes of all the generations of earth4 ,this idea1 we learn from ,eusebius1 was the same as that of the ,phnicians4 ,on these two great ,divinities the administration of the world depended4 ,all sublunary bodies received from them their nourishment and increase1 during the annual revolution which they controlled1 and the different seasons into which it was divided4 ,to ,osiris and ,isis1 it was held1 were owing civilization1 the discovery of agriculture1 laws1 arts of all kinds1 religious worship1 temples1 the invention of letters1 astronomy1 the gymnastic arts1 and music2 and thus they were the universal benefactors4 ,osiris travelled to civilize the countries which he passed through1 and communicate to them his valuable discoveries4 ,he built cities1 and taught men to cultivate the earth4 ,wheat and wine were his first presents to men4 ,europe1 ,asia1 and ,africa partook of the blessings which he communicated1 and the most remote regions of ,india remembered him1 and claimed him as one of their great gods4 ,you have learned how ,typhon1 his brother1 slew him4 ,his body was cut into pieces1 all of which were collected by ,isis1 except his organs of generation1 which had been thrown into and devoured in the waters of the river that every year fertilized ,egypt4 ,the other portions were buried by ,isis1 and over them she erected a tomb4 ,thereafter she remained single1 loading her subjects with blessings4 ,she cured the sick1 restored sight to the blind1 made the paralytic whole1 and even raised the dead4 ,from her ,horus or ,apollo learned divination and the science of medicine4 ,thus the ,egyptians pictured the beneficent action of the two luminaries that1 from the bosom of the elements1 produced all animals and men1 and all bodies that are born1 grow1 and die in the eternal circle of generation and destruction here below4 ,when the ,celestial ,bull opened the new year at the ,vernal ,equinox1 ,osiris1 united with the ,moon1 communicated to her the seeds of fruitfulness which she poured upon the air1 and therewith impregnated the generative principles which gave activity to universal vegetation4 ,apis1 represented by a bull1 was the living and sensible image of the ,sun or ,osiris1 when in union with ,isis or the ,moon at the ,vernal ,equinox1 concurring with her in provoking everything that lives to generation4 ,this conjunction of the ,sun with the ,moon at the ,vernal ,equinox1 in the constellation ,taurus1 required the ,bull ,apis to have on his shoulder a mark resembling the ,crescent ,moon4 ,and the fecundating influence of these two luminaries was expressed by images that would now be deemed gross and indecent1 but which then were not misunderstood4 ,everything good in ,nature comes from ,osiris1--order1 harmony1 and the favorable temperature of the seasons and celestial periods4 ,from ,typhon come the stormy passions and irregular impulses that agitate the brute and material part of man2 maladies of the body1 and violent shocks that injure the health and derange the system2 inclement weather1 derangement of the seasons1 and eclipses4 ,osiris and ,typhon were the ,ormuzd and ,ahriman of the ,persians2 principles of good and evil1 of light and darkness1 ever at war in the administration of the ,universe4 ,osiris was the image of generative power4 ,this was expressed by his symbolic statues1 and by the sign into which he entered at the ,vernal ,equinox4 ,he especially dispensed the humid principle of ,nature1 generative element of all things2 and the ,nile and all moisture were regarded as emanations from him1 without which there could be no vegetation4 ,that ,osiris and ,isis were the ,sun and ,moon1 is attested by many ancient writers2 by ,diogenes ,laertius1 ,plutarch1 ,lucian1 ,suidas1 ,macrobius1 ,martianus ,capella1 and others4 ,his power was symbolized by an ,eye over a ,sceptre4 ,the ,sun was termed by the ,greeks the ,eye of ,jupiter1 and the ,eye of the ,world2 and his is the ,all-,seeing ,eye in our ,lodges4 ,the oracle of ,claros styled him ,king of the ,stars and of the ,eternal ,fire1 that engenders the year and the seasons1 dispenses rain and winds1 and brings about daybreak and night4 ,and ,osiris was invoked as the ,god that resides in the ,sun and is enveloped by his rays1 the invisible and eternal force that modifies the sublunary world by means of the ,sun4 ,osiris was the same ,god known as ,bacchus1 ,dionusos1 and ,serapis4 ,serapis is the author of the regularity and harmony of the world4 ,bacchus1 jointly with ,ceres 7identified by ,herodotus with ,isis7 presides over the distribution of all our blessings2 and from the two emanates everything beautiful and good in ,nature4 ,one furnishes the germ and principle of every good2 the other receives and preserves it as a deposit2 and the latter is the function of the ,moon in the theology of the ,persians4 ,in each theology1 ,persian and ,egyptian1 the ,moon acts directly on the earth2 but she is fecundated1 in one by the ,celestial ,bull and in the other by ,osiris1 with whom she is united at the ,vernal ,equinox1 in the sign ,taurus1 the place of her exaltation or greatest influence on the earth4 ,the force of ,osiris1 says ,plutarch1 is exercised through the ,moon4 ,she is the passive cause relatively to him1 and the active cause relatively to the earth1 to which she transmits the germs of fruitfulness received from him4 ,in ,egypt the earliest movement in the waters of the ,nile began to appear at the ,vernal ,equinox1 when the new ,moon occurred at the entrance of the ,sun into the constellation ,taurus2 and thus the ,nile was held to receive its fertilizing power from the combined action of the equinoctial ,sun and the new ,moon1 meeting in ,taurus4 ,osiris was often confounded with the ,nile1 and ,isis with the earth2 and ,osiris was deemed to act on the earth1 and to transmit to it his emanations1 through both the ,moon and the ,nile2 whence the fable that his generative organs were thrown into that river4 ,typhon1 on the other hand1 was the principle of aridity and barrenness2 and by his mutilation of ,osiris was meant that drought which caused the ,nile to retire within his bed and shrink up in ,autumn4 ,elsewhere than in ,egypt1 ,osiris was the symbol of the refreshing rains that descend to fertilize the earth2 and ,typhon the burning winds of ,autumn2 the stormy rains that rot the flowers1 the plants1 and leaves2 the short1 cold days2 and everything injurious in ,nature1 and that produces corruption and destruction4 ,in short1 ,typhon is the principle of corruption1 of darkness1 of the lower world from which come earthquakes1 tumultuous commotions of the air1 burning heat1 lightning1 and fiery meteors1 and plague and pestilence4 ,such too was the ,ahriman of the ,persians2 and this revolt of the ,evil ,principle against the ,principle of ,good and ,light1 has been represented in every cosmogony1 under many varying forms4 ,osiris1 on the contrary1 by the intermediation of ,isis1 fills the material world with happiness1 purity1 and order1 by which the harmony of ,nature is maintained4 ,it was said that he died at the ,autumnal ,equinox1 when ,taurus or the ,pleiades rose in the evening1 and that he rose to life again in the ,spring1 when vegetation was inspired with new activity4 ,of course the two signs of ,taurus and ,scorpio will figure most largely in the mythological history of ,osiris1 for they marked the two equinoxes1 #bejj years before our ,era2 and next to them the other constellations1 near the equinoxes1 that fixed the limits of the duration of the fertilizing action of the ,sun2 and it is also to be remarked that ,venus1 the ,goddess of ,generation1 has her domicile in ,taurus1 as the ,moon has there her place of exaltation4 ,when the ,sun was in ,scorpio1 ,osiris lost his life1 and that fruitfulness which1 under the form of the ,bull1 he had communicated1 through the ,moon1 to the ,earth4 ,typhon1 his hands and feet horrid with serpents1 and whose habitat in the ,egyptian planisphere was under ,scorpio1 confined him in a chest and flung him into the ,nile1 under the #agth degree of ,scorpio4 ,under that sign he lost his life and virility2 and he recovered them in the ,spring1 when he had connection with the ,moon4 ,when he entered ,scorpio1 his light diminished1 ,night reassumed her dominion1 the ,nile shrunk within its banks1 and the earth lost her verdure and the trees their leaves4 ,therefore it is that on the ,mithriac ,monuments1 the ,scorpion bites the testicles of the ,equinoctial ,bull1 on which sits ,mithras1 the ,sun of ,spring and ,god of ,generation2 and that1 on the same monuments1 we see two trees1 one covered with young leaves1 and at its foot a little bull and a torch burning2 and the other loaded with fruit1 and at its foot a ,scorpion1 and a torch reversed and extinguished4 ,ormuzd or ,osiris1 the beneficent ,principle that gives the world light1 was personified by the ,sun1 apparent source of light4 ,darkness1 personified by ,typhon or ,ahriman1 was his natural enemy4 ,the ,sages of ,egypt described the necessary and eternal rivalry or opposition of these principles1 ever pursuing one the other1 and one dethroning the other in every annual revolution1 and at a particular period1 one in the ,spring under the ,bull1 and the other in ,autumn under the ,scorpion1 by the legendary history of ,osiris and ,typhon1 detailed to us by ,diodorus and ,synesius2 in which history were also personified the ,stars and constellations ,orion1 ,capella1 the ,twins1 the ,wolf1 ,sirius1 and ,hercules1 whose risings and settings noted the advent of one or the other equinox4 ,plutarch gives us the positions in the ,heavens of the ,sun and ,moon1 at the moment when ,osiris was murdered by ,typhon4 ,the ,sun1 he says1 was in the ,sign of the ,scorpion1 which he then entered at the ,autumnal ,equinox4 ,the ,moon was full1 he adds2 and consequently1 as it rose at sunset1 it occupied ,taurus1 which1 opposite to ,scorpio1 rose as it and the ,sun sank together1 so that she was then found alone in the sign ,taurus1 where1 six months before1 she had been in union or conjunction with ,osiris1 the ,sun1 receiving from him those germs of universal fertilization which he communicated to her4 ,it was the sign through which ,osiris first ascended into his empire of light and good4 ,it rose with the ,sun on the day of the ,vernal ,equinox2 it remained six months in the luminous hemisphere1 ever preceding the ,sun and above the horizon during the day2 until in ,autumn1 the ,sun arriving at ,scorpio1 ,taurus was in complete opposition with him1 rose when he set1 and completed its entire course above the horizon during the night2 presiding1 by rising in the evening1 over the commencement of the long nights4 ,hence in the sad ceremonies commemorating the death of ,osiris1 there was borne in procession a golden bull covered with black crape1 image of the darkness into which the familiar sign of ,osiris was entering1 and which was to spread over the ,northern regions1 while the ,sun1 prolonging the nights1 was to be absent1 and each to remain under the dominion of ,typhon1 ,principle of ,evil and ,darkness4 ,setting out from the sign ,taurus1 ,isis1 as the ,moon1 went seeking for ,osiris through all the superior signs1 in each of which she became full in the successive months from the ,autumnal to the ,vernal ,equinox1 without finding him in either4 ,let us follow her in her allegorical wanderings4 ,osiris was slain by ,typhon his rival1 with whom conspired a ,queen of ,ethiopia1 by whom1 says ,plutarch1 were designated the winds4 ,the paranatellons of ,scorpio1 the sign occupied by the ,sun when ,osiris was slain1 were the ,serpents1 reptiles which supplied the attributes of the ,evil ,genii and of ,typhon1 who himself bore the form of a serpent in the ,egyptian planisphere4 ,and in the division of ,scorpio is also found ,cassiopeia1 ,queen of ,ethiopia1 whose setting brings stormy winds4 ,osiris descended to the shades or infernal regions4 ,there he took the name of ,serapis1 identical with ,pluto1 and assumed his nature4 ,he was then in conjunction with ,serpentarius1 identical with sculapius1 whose form he took in his passage to the lower signs1 where he takes the names of ,pluto and ,ades4 ,then ,isis wept for the death of ,osiris1 and the golden bull covered with crape was carried in procession4 ,nature mourned the impending loss of her ,summer glories1 and the advent of the empire of night1 the withdrawing of the waters1 made fruitful by the ,bull in ,spring1 the cessation of the winds that brought rains to swell the ,nile1 the shortening of the days1 and the despoiling of the earth4 ,then ,taurus1 directly opposite the ,sun1 entered into the cone of shadow which the earth projects1 by which the ,moon is eclipsed at full1 and with which1 making night1 the ,bull rises and descends as if covered with a veil1 while he remains above our horizon4 ,the body of ,osiris1 enclosed in a chest or coffin1 was cast into the ,nile4 ,pan and the ,satyrs1 near ,chemmis1 first discovered his death1 announced it by their cries1 and everywhere created sorrow and alarm4 ,taurus1 with the full ,moon1 then entered into the cone of shadow1 and under him was the ,celestial ,river1 most properly called the ,nile1 and below1 ,perseus1 the ,god of ,chemmis1 and ,auriga1 leading a she-goat1 himself identical with ,pan1 whose wife ,aiga the she-goat was styled4 ,then ,isis went in search of the body4 ,she first met certain children who had seen it1 received from them their information1 and gave them in return the gift of divination4 ,the second full ,moon occurred in ,gemini1 the ,twins1 who presided over the oracles of ,didymus1 and one of whom was ,apollo1 the ,god of ,divination4 ,she learned that ,osiris had1 through mistake1 had connection with her sister ,nephte1 which she discovered by a crown of leaves of the melilot1 which he had left behind him4 ,of this connection a child was born1 whom ,isis1 aided by her dogs1 sought for1 found1 reared1 and attached to herself1 by the name of ,anubis1 her faithful guardian4 ,the third full ,moon occurs in ,cancer1 domicile of the ,moon4 ,the paranatellons of that sign are1 the crown of ,ariadne or ,proserpine1 made of leaves of the melilot1 ,procyon and ,canis ,major1 one star of which was called the ,star of ,isis1 while ,sirius himself was honored in ,egypt under the name of ,anubis4 ,isis repaired to ,byblos1 and seated herself near a fountain1 where she was found by the women of the ,court of a ,king4 ,she was induced to visit his ,court1 and became the nurse of his son4 ,the fourth full ,moon was in ,leo1 domicile of the ,sun1 or of ,adonis1 ,king of ,byblos4 ,the paranatellons of this sign are the flowing water of ,aquarius1 and ,cepheus1 ,king of ,ethiopia1 called ,regulus1 or simply ,the ,king4 ,behind him rise ,cassiopeia his wife1 ,queen of ,ethiopia1 ,andromeda his daughter1 and ,perseus his son-in-law1 all paranatellons in part of this sign1 and in part of ,virgo4 ,isis suckled the child1 not at her breast1 but with the end of her finger1 at night4 ,she burned all the mortal parts of its body1 and then1 taking the shape of a swallow1 she flew to the great column of the palace1 made of the tamarisk-tree that grew up round the coffin containing the body of ,osiris1 and within which it was still enclosed4 ,the fifth full ,moon occurred in ,virgo1 the true image of ,isis1 and which ,eratosthenes calls by that name4 ,it pictured a woman suckling an infant1 the son of ,isis1 born near the ,winter ,solstice4 ,this sign has for paranatellons the mast of the ,celestial ,ship1 and the swallow-tailed fish or swallow above it1 and a portion of ,perseus1 son-in-law of the ,king of ,ethiopia4 ,isis1 having recovered the sacred coffer1 sailed from ,byblos in a vessel with the eldest son of the ,king1 toward ,boutos1 where ,anubis was1 having charge of her son ,horus2 and in the morning dried up a river1 whence arose a strong wind4 ,landing1 she hid the coffer in a forest4 ,typhon1 hunting a wild boar by moonlight discovered it1 recognized the body of his rival1 and cut it into fourteen pieces1 the number of days between the full and new ,moon1 and in every one of which days the ,moon loses a portion of the light that at the commencement filled her whole disk4 ,the sixth full ,moon occurred in ,libra1 over the divisions separating which from ,virgo are the ,celestial ,ship1 ,perseus1 son of the ,king of ,ethiopia and ,botes1 said to have nursed ,horus4 ,the river of ,orion that sets in the morning is also a paranatellon of ,libra1 as are ,ursa ,major1 the ,great ,bear or ,wild ,boar of ,erymanthus1 and the ,dragon of the ,north ,pole1 or the celebrated ,python from which the attributes of ,typhon were borrowed4 ,all these surround the full ,moon of ,libra1 last of the ,superior ,signs1 and the one that precedes the new ,moon of ,spring1 about to be reproduced in ,taurus1 and there be once more in conjunction with the ,sun4 ,isis collects the scattered fragments of the body of ,osiris1 buries them1 and consecrates the phallus1 carried in pomp at the ,pamylia1 or feasts of the ,vernal ,equinox1 at which time the congress of ,osiris and the ,moon was celebrated4 ,then ,osiris had returned from the shades1 to aid ,horus his son and ,isis his wife against the forces of ,typhon4 ,he thus reappeared1 say some1 under the form of a wolf1 or1 others say1 under that of a horse4 ,the ,moon1 fourteen days after she is full in ,libra1 arrives at ,taurus and unites herself to the ,sun1 whose fires she thereafter for fourteen days continues to accumulate on her disk from new ,moon to full4 ,then she unites with herself all the months in that superior portion of the world where light always reigns1 with harmony and order1 and she borrows from him the force which is to destroy the germs of evil that ,typhon had1 during the winter1 planted everywhere in nature4 ,this passage of the ,sun into ,taurus1 whose attributes he assumes on his return from the lower hemisphere or the shades1 is marked by the rising in the evening of the ,wolf and the ,centaur1 and by the heliacal setting of ,orion1 called the ,star of ,horus1 and which thenceforward is in conjunction with the ,sun of ,spring1 in his triumph over the darkness or ,typhon4 ,isis1 during the absence of ,osiris1 and after she had hidden the coffer in the place where ,typhon found it1 had rejoined that malignant enemy2 indignant at which1 ,horus her son deprived her of her ancient diadem1 when she rejoined ,osiris as he was about to attack ,typhon3 but ,mercury gave her in its place a helmet shaped like the head of a bull4 ,then ,horus1 as a mighty warrior1 such as ,orion was described1 fought with and defeated ,typhon2 who1 in the shape of the ,serpent or ,dragon of the ,pole1 had assailed his father4 ,so1 in ,ovid1 ,apollo destroys the same ,python1 when ,io1 fascinated by ,jupiter1 is metamorphosed into a cow1 and placed in the sign of the ,celestial ,bull1 where she becomes ,isis4 ,the equinoctial year ends at the moment when the ,sun and ,moon1 at the ,vernal ,equinox1 are united with ,orion1 the ,star of ,horus1 placed in the ,heavens under ,taurus4 ,the new ,moon becomes young again in ,taurus1 and shows herself as a crescent1 for the first time1 in the next sign1 ,gemini1 the domicile of ,mercury4 ,then ,orion1 in conjunction with the ,sun1 with whom he rises1 precipitates the ,scorpion1 his rival1 into the shades of night1 causing him to set whenever he himself re-appears on the eastern horizon1 with the ,sun4 ,day lengthens and the germs of evil are by degrees eradicated3 and ,horus 7from ,aur1 ,light7 reigns triumphant1 symbolizing1 by his succession to the characteristics of ,osiris1 the eternal renewal of the ,sun's youth and creative vigor at the ,vernal ,equinox4 ,such are the coincidences of astronomical phenomena with the legend of ,osiris and ,isis2 sufficing to show the origin of the legend1 overloaded as it became at length with all the ornamentation natural to the poetical and figurative genius of the ,orient4 ,not only into this legend1 but into those of all the ancient nations1 enter the ,bull1 the ,lamb1 the ,lion1 and the ,scorpion or the ,serpent2 and traces of the worship of the ,sun yet linger in all religions4 ,everywhere1 even in our ,order1 survive the equinoctial and solstitial feasts4 ,our ceilings still glitter with the greater and lesser luminaries of the ,heavens1 and our lights1 in their number and arrangement1 have astronomical references4 ,in all churches and chapels1 as in all ,pagan temples and pagodas1 the altar is in the ,east2 and the ivy over the east windows of old churches is the ,hedera ,helix of ,bacchus4 ,even the cross had an astronomical origin2 and our ,lodges are full of the ancient symbols4 ,the learned author of the ,saban ,researches1 ,landseer1 advances another theory in regard to the legend of ,osiris2 in which he makes the constellation ,botes play a leading part4 ,he observes that1 as none of the stars were visible at the same time with the ,sun1 his actual place in the ,zodiac1 at any given time1 could only be1 ascertained by the ,sabsan astronomers by their observations of the stars1 and of their heliacal and achronical risings and settings4 ,there were many solar festivals among the ,sabans1 and part of them agricultural ones2 and the concomitant signs of those festivals were the risings and settings of the stars of the ,husbandman1 ,bear-driver1 or ,hunter1 ,,bo,,tes4 ,his stars were1 among the ,hierophants1 the established nocturnal indices or signs of the ,sun's place in the ecliptic at different seasons of the year1 and the festivals were named1 one1 that of the ,aphanism or disappearance2 another1 that of the ,zetesis1 or search1 etc41 of ,osiris or ,adonis1 that is1 of ,botes4 ,the returns of certain stars1 as connected with their concomitant seasons of spring 7or seed-time7 and harvest1 seemed to the ancients1 who had not yet discovered that gradual change1 resulting from the apparent movement of the stars in longitude1 which has been termed the precession of the equinoxes1 to be eternal and immutable2 and those periodical returns were to the initiated1 even more than to the vulgar1 celestial oracles1 announcing the approach of those important changes1 upon which the prosperity1 and even the very existence of man must ever depend2 and the oldest of the ,saban constellations seem to have been1 an astronomical ,priest1 a ,king1 a ,queen1 a ,husbandman1 and a ,warrior2 and these more frequently recur on the ,saban cylinders than any other constellations whatever4 ,the ,king was ,cepheus or ,chepheus of ,ethiopia3 the ,husbandman1 ,osiris1 ,bacchus1 ,sabazeus1 ,noah or ,botes4 ,to the latter sign1 the ,egyptians were nationally1 traditionally and habitually grateful2 for they conceived that from ,osiris all the greatest of terrestrial enjoyments were derived4 ,the stars of the ,husbandman were the signal for those successive agricultural labors on which the annual produce of the soil depended2 and they came in consequence to be considered and hailed1 in ,egypt and ,ethiopia1 as the genial stars of terrestrial productiveness2 to which the oblations1 prayers1 and vows of the pious ,saban were regularly offered up4 ,landseer says that the stars in ,botes1 reckoning down to those of the #eth magnitude inclusive1 are twenty-six1 which1 seeming achronically to disappear in succession1 produced the fable of the cutting of ,osiris into twenty-six pieces by ,typhon4 ,there are more stars than this in the constellation2 but no more that the ancient votaries of ,osiris1 even in the clear atmosphere of the ,saban climates1 could observe without telescopes4 ,plutarch says ,osiris was cut into fourteen pieces3 ,diodorus1 into twenty-six2 in regard to which1 and to the whole legend1 ,landseer's ideas1 varying from those commonly entertained1 are as follows3 ,typhon1 ,landseer thinks1 was the ocean1 which the ancients fabled or believed surrounded the ,earth1 and into which all the stars in their turn appear successively to sink2 perhaps it was ,,darkness personified1 which the ancients called ,,typhon4 ,he ,was hunting by moonlight1 says the old legend1 when he met with ,osiris4 ,the ancient ,saba must have been near latitude #ae north4 ,axoum is nearly in #ad1 and the ,western ,saba or ,mero is to the north of that4 ,forty-eight centuries ago1 ,aldebaran1 the leading star of the year1 had1 at the ,vernal ,equinox1 attained at daylight in the morning1 an elevation of about #ad degrees1 sufficient for him to have ceased to be combust1 that is1 to have emerged from the ,sun's rays1 so as to be visible4 ,the ancients allowed twelve days for a star of the first magnitude to emerge from the solar rays2 and there is less twilight1 the further ,south we go4 ,at the same period1 too1 ,cynosura was not the pole-star1 but ,alpha ,draconis was2 and the stars rose and set with very different degrees of obliquity from those of their present risings and settings4 ,by having a globe constructed with circumvolving poles1 capable of any adjustment with regard to the colures1 ,mr4 ,landseer ascertained that1 at that remote period1 in lat4 #ae north1 the #bf stars in ,bootes1 or #bg1 including ,arcturus1 did not set anchronically in succession2 but several set simultaneously in couples1 and six by threes simultaneously2 so that1 in all1 there were but fourteen separate settings or disappearances1 corresponding with the fourteen pieces into which ,osiris was cut1 according to ,plutarch4 ,kappa1 ,iota1 and ,theta1 in the uplifted western hand1 disappeared together1 and last of all4 ,they really skirted the horizon2 but were invisible in that low latitude1 for the three or four days mentioned in some of the versions2 while the ,zetesis or search was proceeding1 and the women of ,phnicia and ,jerusalem sat weeping for the ,wonder1 ,thammuz2 after which they immediately reappeared1 below and to the eastward of a ,draconis4 ,and1 on the very morning after the achronical departure of the last star of the ,husbandman1 ,aldebaran rose heliacally1 and became visible in the ,east in the morning before day4 ,and precisely at the moment of the heliacal rising of ,arcturus1 also rose ,spica ,virginis4 ,one is near the middle of the ,husbandman1 and the other near that of the ,virgin2 and ,arcturus may have been the part of ,osiris which ,isis did not recover with the other pieces of the body4 ,at ,dedan and ,saba it was thirty-six days1 from the beginning of the aphanism1 i4e41 the disappearances of these stars1 to the heliacal rising of ,aldebaran4 ,during these days1 or forty at ,medina1 or a few more at ,babylon and ,byblos1 the stars of the ,husbandman successively sank out of sight1 during the crepusculum or short-lived morning twilight of those ,southern climes4 ,they disappear during the glancings of the dawn1 the special season of ancient sidereal observation4 ,thus the forty days of mourning for ,osiris were measured out by the period of the departure of his ,stars4 ,when the last had sunken out of sight1 the vernal season was ushered in2 and the ,sun arose with the splendid ,aldebaran1 the ,tauric leader of the ,hosts of ,heaven2 and the whole ,east rejoiced and kept holiday4 ,with the exception of the ,stars 1 and 1 ,botes did not begin to reappear in the ,eastern quarter of the ,heavens till after the lapse of about four months4 ,then the ,stars of ,taurus had declined ,westward1 and ,virgo was rising heliacally4 ,in that latitude1 also1 the ,stars of ,ursa ,major termed anciently the ,ark of ,osiris set2 and ,benetnasch1 the last of them1 returned to the ,eastern horizon1 with those in the head of ,leo1 a little before the ,summer ,solstice4 ,in about a month1 followed the ,stars of the ,husbandman2 the chief of them1 ,ras1 ,mirach1 and ,arcturus1 being very nearly simultaneous in their heliacal rising4 ,thus the ,stars of ,botes rose in the ,east immediately after ,vindemiatrix1 and as if under the genial influence of its rays2 he had his annual career of prosperity2 he revelled orientally for a quarter of a year1 and attained his meridian altitude with ,virgo2 and then1 as the ,stars of the ,water-,urn rose1 and ,aquarius began to pour forth his annual deluge1 he declined ,westward1 preceded by the ,ark of ,osiris4 ,in the ,east1 he was the sign of that happiness in which ,nature1 the great ,goddess of passive production1 rejoiced4 ,now1 in the ,west1 as he declines toward the ,northwestern horizon1 his generative vigor gradually abates2 the ,solar year grows old2 and as his ,stars descend beneath the ,western ,wave1 ,osiris dies1 and the world mourns4 ,the ,ancient ,astronomers saw all the great ,symbols of ,masonry in the ,stars4 ,sirius still glitters in our ,lodges as the ,blazing ,star1 7l'toile ,flamboyante74 ,the ,sun is still symbolized by the point within a ,circle2 and1 with the ,moon and ,mercury or ,anubis1 in the three ,great ,lights of the ,lodge4 ,not only to these1 but to the figures and numbers exhibited by the ,stars1 were ascribed peculiar and divine powers4 ,the veneration paid to numbers had its source there4 ,the three ,kings in ,orion are in a straight line1 and equidistant from each other1 the two extreme ,stars being #c apart1 and each of the three distant from the one nearest it #a #cj'4 ,and as the number three is peculiar to apprentices1 so the straight line is the first principle of ,geometry1 having length but no breadth1 and being but the extension of a point1 and an emblem of ,unity1 and thus of ,good1 as the divided or broken line is of ,duality or ,evil4 ,near these ,stars are the ,hyades1 five in number1 appropriate to the ,fellow-,craft2 and close to them the ,pleiades1 of the master's number1 seven2 and thus these three sacred numbers1 consecrated in ,masonry as they were in the ,pythagorean philosophy1 always appear together in the ,heavens1 when the ,bull1 emblem of fertility and production1 glitters among the ,stars1 and ,aldebaran leads the ,hosts of ,heaven 7,tsbauth74 ,algenib in ,perseus and ,almaach and ,algol in ,andromeda form a right-angled triangle1 illustrate the #dgth problem1 and display the ,grand ,master's square upon the skies4 ,denebola in ,leo1 ,arcturus in ,botes1 and ,spica in ,virgo form an equilateral triangle1 universal emblem of ,perfection1 and the ,deity with ,his ,trinity of ,infinite ,attributes1 ,wisdom1 ,power1 and ,harmony2 and that other1 the generative1 preserving1 and destroying ,powers4 ,the ,three ,kings form1 with ,rigel in ,orion1 two triangles included in one3 and ,capella and ,menkalina in ,auriga1 with ,bellatrix and ,betelgueux in ,orion1 form two isosceles triangles with ,tauri1 that is equidistant from each pair2 while the first four make a right-angled parallelogram1--the oblong square so often mentioned in our ,degrees4 ,julius ,firmicus1 in his description of the ,mysteries1 says1 ,but in those funerals and lamentations which are annually celebrated in honor of ,osiris1 their defenders pretend a physical reason4 ,they call the seeds of fruit1 ,osiris2 the ,earth1 ,isis2 the natural heat1 ,typhon3 and because the fruits are ripened by the natural heat1 and collected for the life of man1 and are separated from their marriage to the earth1 and are sown again when ,winter approaches1 this they would have to be the death of ,osiris3 but when the fruits1 by the genial fostering of the earth1 begin again to be generated by a new procreation1 this is the finding of ,osiris4 ,no doubt the decay of vegetation and the falling of the leaves1 emblems of dissolution and evidences of the action of that ,power that changes ,life into ,death1 in order to bring ,life again out of ,death1 were regarded as signs of that ,death that seemed coming upon all ,nature2 as the springing of leaves and buds and flowers in the spring was a sign of restoration to life3 but these were all secondary1 and referred to the ,sun as first cause4 ,it was his figurative death that was mourned1 and not theirs2 and that with that death1 as with his return to life1 many of the stars were connected4 ,we have already alluded to the relations which the twelve signs of the ,zodiac bear to the legend of the ,master's ,degree4 ,some other coincidences may have sufficient interest to warrant mention4 ,khir-,om was assailed at the ,east1 ,west1 and ,south ,gates of the ,temple4 ,the two equinoxes were called1 we have seen1 by all the ,ancients1 the ,gates of ,heaven1 and the ,syrians and ,egyptians considered the ,fish 7the ,constellation near ,aquarius1 and one of the ,stars whereof is ,fomalhaut7 to be indicative of violence and death4 ,khir-,om lay several days in the grave2 and1 at the ,winter ,solstice1 for five or six days1 the length of the days did not perceptibly increase4 ,then1 the ,sun commencing again to climb ,northward1 as ,osiris was said to arise from the dead1 so ,khir-,om was raised1 by the powerful attraction of the ,lion 7,leo71 who waited for him at the ,summer ,solstice1 and drew him to himself4 ,the names of the three assassins may have been adopted from three ,stars that we have already named4 ,we search in vain in the ,hebrew or ,arabic for the names ,jubelo1 ,jubela1 and ,jubelum4 ,they embody an utter absurdity1 and are capable of no explanation in those languages4 ,nor are the names ,gibs1 ,gravelot1 ,hobhen1 and the like1 in the ,ancient and ,accepted ,rite1 any more plausible1 or better referable to any ancient language4 ,but when1 by the precession of the ,equinoxes1 the ,sun was in ,libra at the ,autumnal ,equinox1 he met in that sign1 where the reign of ,typhon commenced1 three ,stars forming a triangle1--,zuben-es ,chamali in the ,west1 ,zuben-,hak-,rabi in the ,east1 and ,zuben-,el-,gubi in the ,south1 the latter immediately below the ,tropic of ,capricorn1 and so within the realm of ,darkness4 ,from these names1 those of the murderers have perhaps been corrupted4 ,in ,zuben-,hak-,rabi we may see the original of ,jubelum ,akirop2 and in ,zuben-,el-,gubi1 that of ,jubelo ,gibs3 and time and ignorance may even have transmuted the words ,es ,chamali into one as little like them as ,gravelot4 ,isis1 the ,moon personified1 sorrowing sought for her husband4 ,nine or twelve ,fellow-,crafts 7the ,rites vary as to the number71 in white aprons1 were sent to search for ,khir-,om1 in the ,legend of the ,master's ,degree2 or1 in this ,rite1 the ,nine ,knights ,elu4 ,along the path that the ,moon travels are nine conspicuous ,stars1 by which nautical men determine their longitude at ,sea2--,arietis1 ,aldebaran1 ,pollux1 ,regulus1 ,spica ,virginis1 ,antares1 ,altair1 ,fomalhaut1 and ,markab4 ,these might well be said to accompany ,isis in her search4 ,in the ,york ,rite1 twelve ,fellow-,crafts were sent to search for the body of ,khir-,om and the murderers4 ,their number corresponds with that of the ,pleiades and ,hyades in ,taurus1 among which ,stars the ,sun was found when ,light began to prevail over ,darkness1 and the ,mysteries were held4 ,these ,stars1 we have shown1 received early and particular attention from the astronomers and poets4 ,the ,pleiades were the ,stars of the ocean to the benighted mariner2 the ,virgins of ,spring1 heralding the season of blossoms4 ,as six ,pleiades only are now visible1 the number twelve may have been obtained by them1 with ,aldebaran1 and five far more brilliant ,stars than any other of the ,hyades1 in the same region of the ,heavens1 and which were always spoken of in connection with the ,pleiades2 the ,three ,kings in the belt of ,orion1 and ,bellatrix and ,betelgueux on his shoulders2 brightest of the flashing starry hosts4 ,canst thou1 asks ,job1 bind the sweet influences of the ,pleiades or loose the bands of ,orion8 ,and in the book of ,amos we find these ,stars connected with the victory of ,light over ,darkness3 ,seek ,him1 says that ,seer1 that maketh the ,seven ,stars 7the familiar name of the ,pleiades71 and ,orion1 ,,and ,,turneth ,,the ,,shadow ,,of ,,death ,,into ,,morning4 ,an old legend in ,masonry says that a dog led the ,nine ,elus to the cavern where ,abiram was hid4 ,botes was anciently called ,caleb ,anubach1 a ,barking ,dog2 and was personified in ,anubis1 who bore the head of a dog1 and aided ,isis in her search4 ,arcturus1 one of his ,stars1 fiery red1 as if fervent and zealous1 is also connected by ,job with the ,pleiades and ,orion4 ,when ,taurus opened the year1 ,arcturus rose after the ,sun1 at the time of the ,winter ,solstice1 and seemed searching him through the darkness1 until1 sixty days afterward1 he rose at the same hour4 ,orion then also1 at the ,winter ,solstice1 rose at noon1 and at night seemed to be in search of the ,sun4 ,so1 referring again to the time when the ,sun entered the ,autumnal ,equinox1 there are nine remarkable ,stars that come to the meridian nearly at the same time1 rising as ,libra sets1 and so seeming to chase that ,constellation4 ,they are ,capella and ,menkalina in the ,charioteer1 ,aldebaran in ,taurus1 ,bellatrix1 ,betelgueux1 the ,three ,kings1 and ,rigel in ,orion4 ,aldebaran passes the meridian first1 indicating his right to his peculiar title of ,leader4 ,nowhere in the heavens are there1 near the same meridian1 so many splendid ,stars4 ,and close behind them1 but further ,south1 follows ,sirius1 the ,dog-,star1 who showed the nine ,elus the way to the murderer's cave4 ,besides the division of the signs into the ascending and descending series 7referring to the upward and downward progress of the soul71 the latter from ,cancer to ,capricorn1 and the former from ,capricorn to ,cancer1 there was another division of them not less important2 that of the six superior and six inferior signs2 the former1 #bdee years before our era1 from ,taurus to ,scorpio1 and #cjj years before our era1 from ,aries to ,libra2 and the latter1 #bdee years ,b4,c4 from ,scorpio to ,taurus1 and #cjj years ,b4,c4 from ,libra to ,aries2 of which we have already spoken1 as the two ,hemispheres1 or ,kingdoms of ,good and ,evil1 ,light and ,darkness2 of ,ormuzd and ,ahriman among the ,persians1 and ,osiris and ,typhon among the ,egyptians4 ,with the ,persians1 the first six ,genii1 created by ,ormuzd1 presided over the first six signs1 ,aries1 ,taurus1 ,gemini1 ,cancer1 ,leo1 and ,virgo3 and the six evil ,genii1 or ,devs1 created by ,ahriman1 over the six others1 ,libra1 ,scorpio1 ,sagittarius1 ,capricornus1 ,aquarius1 and ,pisces4 ,the soul was fortunate and happy under the ,empire of the first six2 and began to be sensible of evil1 when it passed under the ,balance or ,libra1 the seventh sign4 ,thus the soul entered the realm of ,evil and ,darkness when it passed into the ,constellations that belong to and succeed the ,autumnal ,equinox2 and it re-entered the realm of ,good and ,light1 when it arrived1 returning1 at those of the ,vernal ,equinox4 ,it lost its felicity by means of the ,balance1 and regained it by means of the ,lamb4 ,this is a necessary consequence of the premises2 and it is confirmed by the authorities and by emblems still extant4 ,sallust the ,philosopher1 speaking of the ,feasts of ,rejoicing celebrated at the ,vernal ,equinox1 and those of ,mourning1 in memory of the rape of ,proserpine1 at the ,autumnal ,equinox1 says that the former were celebrated1 because then is effected1 as it were1 the return of the soul toward the ,gods2 that the time when the principle of ,light recovered its superiority over that of ,darkness1 or day over night1 was the most favorable one for souls that tend to re-ascend to their ,principle2 and that when ,darkness and the ,night again become victors1 was most favorable to the descent of souls toward the infernal regions4 ,for that reason1 the old astrologers1 as ,firmicus states1 fixed the locality of the river ,styx in the #hth degree of the ,balance4 ,and he thinks that by ,styx was allegorically meant the earth4 ,the ,emperor ,julian gives the same explanation1 but more fully developed4 ,he states1 as a reason why the august ,mysteries of ,ceres and ,proserpine were celebrated at the ,autumnal ,equinox1 that at that period of the year men feared lest the impious and dark power of the ,evil ,principle1 then commencing to conquer1 should do harm to their souls4 ,they were a precaution and means of safety1 thought to be necessary at the moment when the ,god of ,light was passing into the opposite or adverse region of the world2 while at the ,vernal ,equinox there was less to be feared1 because then that ,god1 present in one portion of the world1 recalled souls to ,him1 he says1 and showed ,himself to be their ,saviour4 ,he had a little before developed that theological idea1 of the attractive force which the ,sun exercises over souls1 drawing them to him and raising them to his luminous sphere4 ,he attributes this effect to him at the feasts of ,atys1 dead and restored to life1 or the feasts of ,rejoicing1 which at the end of three days succeeded the mourning for that death2 and he inquires why those ,mysteries were celebrated at the ,vernal ,equinox4 ,the reason1 he says1 is evident4 ,as the sun1 arriving at the equinoctial point of ,spring1 drawing nearer to us1 increases the length of the days1 that period seems most appropriate for those ceremonies4 ,for1 besides that there is a great affinity between the substance of ,light and the nature of the ,gods1 the ,sun has that occult force of attraction1 by which he draws matter toward himself1 by means of his warmth1 making plants to shoot and grow1 etc42 and why can he not1 by the same divine and pure action of his rays1 attract and draw to him fortunate souls8 ,then1 as light is analogous to the ,divine ,nature1 and favorable to souls struggling to return to their ,first ,principle1 and as that light so increases at the ,vernal ,equinox1 that the days prevail in duration over the nights1 and as the ,sun has an attractive force1 besides the visible energy of his rays1 it follows that souls are attracted toward the solar light4 ,he does not further pursue the explanation2 because1 he says1 it belongs to a mysterious doctrine1 beyond the reach of the vulgar and known only to those who understand the mode of action of ,deity1 like the ,chaldean author whom he cites1 who had treated of the ,mysteries of ,light1 or the ,god with seven rays4 ,souls1 the ,ancients held1 having emanated from the ,principle of ,light1 partaking of its destiny here below1 cannot be indifferent to nor unaffected by these revolutions of the ,great ,luminary1 alternately victor and overcome during every ,solar revolution4 ,this will be found to be confirmed by an examination of some of the ,symbols used in the ,mysteries4 ,one of the most famous of these was ,,the ,,serpent1 the peculiar ,symbol also of this ,degree4 ,the ,cosmogony of the ,hebrews and that of the ,gnostics designated this reptile as the author of the fate of ,souls4 ,it was consecrated in the ,mysteries of ,bacchus and in those of ,eleusis4 ,pluto overcame the virtue of ,proserpine under the form of a serpent2 and1 like the ,egyptian ,god ,serapis1 was always pictured seated on a serpent1 or with that reptile entwined about him4 ,it is found on the ,mithriac ,monuments1 and supplied with attributes of ,typhon to the ,egyptians1 ,the sacred basilisc1 in coil1 with head and neck erect1 was the royal ensign of the ,pharaohs4 ,two of them were entwined around and hung suspended from the winged ,globe on the ,egyptian ,monuments4 ,on a tablet in one of the ,tombs at ,thebes1 a ,god with a spear pierces a serpent's head4 ,on a tablet from the ,temple of ,osiris at ,phil is a tree1 with a man on one side1 and a woman on the other1 and in front of the woman an erect basilisc1 with horns on its head and a disk between the horns4 ,the head of ,medusa was encircled by winged snakes1 which1 the head removed1 left the ,hierogram or ,sacred ,cypher of the ,ophites or ,serpent-worshippers4 ,and the ,serpent1 in connection with the ,globe or circle1 is found upon the monuments of all the ,ancient ,nations4 ,over ,libra1 the sign through which souls were said to descend or fall1 is found1 on the ,celestial ,globe1 the ,serpent1 grasped by ,serpentarius1 the ,serpent-bearer4 ,the head of the reptile is under ,corona ,borealis1 the ,northern ,crown1 called by ,ovid1 ,libera1 or ,proserpine2 and the two ,constellations rise1 with the ,balance1 after the ,virgin 7or ,isis71 whose feet rest on the eastern horizon at ,sunrise on the day of the equinox4 ,as the ,serpent extends over both signs1 ,libra and ,scorpio1 it has been the gate through which souls descend1 during the whole time that those two signs in succession marked the ,autumnal ,equinox4 ,to this alluded the ,serpent1 which1 in the ,mysteries of ,bacchus ,saba-,zeus1 was flung into the bosom of the ,initiate4 ,and hence came the enigmatical expression1 the ,serpent engenders the ,bull1 and the ,bull the ,serpent2 alluding to the two adverse constellations1 answering to the two equinoxes1 one of which rose as the other set1 and which were at the two points of the heavens through which souls passed1 ascending and descending4 ,by the ,serpent of ,autumn1 souls fell2 and they were regenerated again by the ,bull on which ,mithras sate1 and whose attributes ,bacchus-,zagreus and the ,egyptian ,osiris assumed1 in their ,mysteries1 wherein were represented the fall and regeneration of souls1 by the ,bull slain and restored to life4 ,afterward the regenerating ,sun assumed the attributes of ,aries or the ,lamb2 and in the ,mysteries of ,ammon1 souls were regenerated by passing through that sign1 after having fallen through the ,serpent4 ,the ,serpent-bearer1 or ,ophicus1 was sculapius1 ,god of ,healing4 ,in the ,mysteries of ,eleusis1 that ,constellation was placed in the eighth ,heaven3 and on the eighth day of those ,mysteries1 the feast of sculapius was celebrated4 ,it was also termed ,epidaurus1 or the feast of the ,serpent of ,epidaurus4 ,the ,serpent was sacred to sculapius2 and was connected in various ways with the mythological adventures of ,ceres4 ,so the libations to ,souls1 by pouring wine on the ground1 and looking toward the two gates of ,heaven1 those of day and night1 referred to the ascent and descent of ,souls4 ,ceres and the ,serpent1 ,jupiter ,ammon and the ,bull1 all figured in the ,mysteries of ,bacchus4 ,suppose ,aries1 or ,jupiter ,ammon occupied by the ,sun setting in the ,west2--,virgo 7,ceres7 will be on the ,eastern horizon1 and in her train the ,crown1 or ,proserpine4 ,suppose ,taurus setting2--then the ,serpent is in the ,east2 and reciprocally2 so that ,jupiter ,ammon1 or the ,sun of ,aries1 causes the ,crown to rise after the ,virgin1 in the train of which comes the ,serpent4 ,place reciprocally the ,sun at the other equinox1 with the balance in the ,west1 in conjunction with the ,serpent under the ,crown2 and we shall see the ,bull and the ,pleiades rise in the ,east4 ,thus are explained all the fables as to the generation of the ,bull by the ,serpent and of the ,serpent by the ,bull1 the biting of the testicles of the ,bull by the ,scorpion1 on the ,mithriac ,monuments2 and that ,jupiter made ,ceres with child by tossing into her bosom the testicles of a ,ram4 ,in the ,mysteries of the bull-horned ,bacchus1 the officers held serpents in their hands1 raised them above their heads1 and cried aloud ,eva6 the generic oriental name of the serpent1 and the particular name of the constellation in which the ,persians placed ,eve and the serpent4 ,the ,arabians call it ,hevan1 ,ophiucus himself1 ,hawa1 and the brilliant star in his head1 ,ras-al-,hawa4 ,the use of this word ,eva or ,evo caused ,clemens of ,alexandria to say that the priests in the ,mysteries invoked ,eve1 by whom evil was brought into the world4 ,the mystic winnowing-fan1 encircled by ,serpents1 was used in the feasts of ,bacchus4 ,in the ,isiac ,mysteries a basilisc twined round the handle of the mystic vase4 ,the ,ophites fed a serpent in a mysterious ark1 from which they took him when they celebrated the ,mysteries1 and allowed him to glide among the sacred bread4 ,the ,romans kept serpents in the ,temples of ,bona ,dea and sculapius4 ,in the ,mysteries of ,apollo1 the pursuit of ,latona by the serpent ,python was represented4 ,in the ,egyptian ,mysteries1 the dragon ,typhon pursued ,isis4 ,according to ,sanchoniathon1 ,,taaut1 the interpreter of ,heaven to men1 attributed something divine to the nature of the dragon and serpents1 in which the ,phnicians and ,egyptians followed him4 ,they have more vitality1 more spiritual force1 than any other creature2 of a fiery nature1 shown by the rapidity of their motions1 without the limbs of other animals4 ,they assume many shapes and attitudes1 and dart with extraordinary quickness and force4 ,when they have reached old age1 they throw off that age and are young again1 and increase in size and strength1 for a certain period of years4 ,the ,egyptian ,priests fed the sacred serpents in the temple at ,thebes4 ,taaut himself had in his writings discussed these mysteries in regard to the serpent4 ,sanchoniathon said in another work1 that the serpent was immortal1 and re-entered into himself2 which1 according to some ancient theosophists1 particularly those of ,india1 was an attribute of the ,deity4 ,and he also said that the serpent never died1 unless by a violent death4 ,the ,phnicians called the serpent ,agathodemon the good spirit2 and ,kneph was the ,serpent-,god of the ,egyptians4 ,the ,egyptians1 ,sanchoniathon said1 represented the serpent with the head of a hawk1 on account of the swift flight of that bird3 and the chief ,hierophant1 the sacred interpreter1 gave very mysterious explanations of that symbol2 saying that such a serpent was a very divine creature1 and that1 opening his eyes1 he lighted with their rays the whole of first-born space3 when he closes them1 it is darkness again4 ,in reality1 the hawk-headed serpent1 genius of light1 or good genius1 was the symbol of the ,sun4 ,in the hieroglyphic characters1 a snake was the letter ,t or ,,dj4 ,it occurs many times on the ,rosetta stone4 ,the horned serpent was the hieroglyphic for a ,god4 ,according to ,eusebius1 the ,egyptians represented the world by a blue circle1 sprinkled with flames1 within which was extended a serpent with the head of a hawk4 ,proclus says they represented the four quarters of the world by a cross1 and the soul of the world1 or ,kneph1 by a serpent surrounding it in the form of a circle4 ,we read in ,anaxagoras1 that ,orpheus said1 that the water1 and the vessel that produced it1 were the primitive principles of things1 and together gave existence to an animated being1 which was a serpent1 with two heads1 one of a lion and the other of a bull1 between which was the figure of a ,god whose name was ,hercules or ,kronos3 that from ,hercules came the egg of the world1 which produced ,heaven and earth1 by dividing itself into two hemispheres3 and that the ,god ,phanes1 which issued from that egg1 was in the shape of a serpent4 ,the ,egyptian ,goddess ,ken1 represented standing naked on a lion1 held two serpents in her hand4 ,she is the same as the ,astarte or ,ashtaroth of the ,assyrians4 ,hera1 worshipped in the ,great ,temple at ,babylon1 held in her right hand a serpent by the head2 and near ,khea1 also worshipped there1 were two large silver serpents4 ,in a sculpture from ,kouyunjik1 two serpents attached to poles are near a fire-altar1 at which two eunuchs are standing4 ,upon it is the sacred fire1 and a bearded figure leads a wild goat to the sacrifice4 ,the serpent of the ,temple of ,epidaurus was sacred to sculapius1 the ,god of ,medicine1 and #dfb years after the building of the city1 was taken to ,rome after a pestilence4 ,the ,phnicians represented the ,god ,nomu 7,kneph or ,amun-,kneph7 by a serpent4 ,in ,egypt1 a ,sun supported by two asps was the emblem of ,horhat the good genius2 and the serpent with the winged globe was placed over the doors and windows of the ,temples as a tutelary ,god4 ,antipater of ,sidon calls ,amun the renowned ,serpent1 and the ,cerastes is often found embalmed in the ,thebaid4 ,on ancient ,tyrian coins and ,indian medals1 a serpent was represented1 coiled round the trunk of a tree4 ,python1 the ,serpent ,deity1 was esteemed oracular2 and the tripod at ,delphi was a triple-headed serpent of gold4 ,the portals of all the ,egyptian ,temples are decorated with the hierogram of the ,circle and the ,serpent4 ,it is also found upon the ,temple of ,naki-,rustan in ,persia2 on the triumphal arch at ,pechin1 in ,china2 over the gates of the great ,temple of ,chaundi ,teeva1 in ,java2 upon the walls of ,athens2 and in the ,temple of ,minerva at ,tegea4 ,the ,mexican hierogram was formed by the intersecting of two great ,serpents1 which described the circle with their bodies1 and had each a human head in its mouth4 ,all the ,buddhists crosses in ,ireland had serpents carved upon them4 ,wreaths of snakes are on the columns of the ancient ,hindu ,temple at ,burwah-,sangor4 ,among the ,egyptians1 it was a symbol of ,divine ,wisdom1 when extended at length2 and1 with its tail in its mouth1 of ,eternity4 ,in the ritual of ,zoroaster1 the ,serpent was a symbol of the ,universe4 ,in ,china1 the ring between two ,serpents was the symbol of the world governed by the power and wisdom of the ,creator4 ,the ,bacchanals carried serpents in their hands or round their heads4 ,the ,serpent entwined round an ,egg1 was a symbol common to the ,indians1 the ,egyptians1 and the ,druids4 ,it referred to the creation of the ,universe4 ,a ,serpent with an egg in his mouth was a symbol of the ,universe containing within itself the germ of all things that the ,sun develops4 ,the property possessed by the ,serpent1 of casting its skin1 and apparently renewing its youth1 made it an emblem of eternity and immortality4 ,the ,syrian women still employ it as a charm against barrenness1 as did the devotees of ,mithras and ,saba-,zeus4 ,the ,earth-born civilizers of the early world1 ,fohi1 ,cecrops1 and ,erechtheus1 were half-man1 half-serpent4 ,the snake was the guardian of the ,athenian ,acropolis4 ,,nakhustan1 the brazen serpent of the wilderness1 became naturalized among the ,hebrews as a token of healing power4 ,be ye1 said ,christ1 wise as serpents1 and harmless as doves4 ,the ,serpent was as often a symbol of malevolence and enmity4 ,it appears among the emblems of ,siva-,roudra1 the power of desolation and death3 it is the bane of ,apytus1 ,idom1 ,archemorus1 and ,philoctetes3 it gnaws the roots of the tree of life in the ,eddas1 and bites the heel of unfortunate ,eurydice4 ,in ,hebrew writers it is generally a type of evil2 and is particularly so in the ,indian and ,persian ,mythologies4 ,when the ,sea is churned by ,mount ,mandar rotating within the coils of the ,cosmical ,serpent ,vasouki1 to produce the ,amrita or water of immortality1 the serpent vomits a hideous poison1 which spreads through and infects the ,universe1 but which ,vishnu renders harmless by swallowing it4 ,ahriman in serpent-form invades the realm of ,ormuzd2 and the ,bull1 emblem of life1 is wounded by him and dies4 ,it was therefore a religious obligation with every devout follower of ,zoroaster to exterminate reptiles1 and other impure animals1 especially serpents4 ,the moral and astronomical significance of the ,serpent were connected4 ,it became a maxim of the ,zend-,avesta1 that ,ahriman1 the ,principle of ,evil1 made the ,great ,serpent of ,winter1 who assaulted the creation of ,ormuzd4 ,a serpent-ring was a well-known symbol of time3 and to express dramatically how time preys upon itself1 the ,egyptian priests fed vipers in a subterranean chamber1 as it were in the sun's ,winter abode on the fat of bulls1 or the year's plenteousness4 ,the dragon of ,winter pursues ,ammon1 the golden ram1 to ,mount ,casius4 ,the ,virgin of the zodiac is bitten in the heel by ,serpens1 who1 with ,scorpio1 rises immediately behind her2 and as honey1 the emblem of purity and salvation1 was thought to be an antidote to the serpent's bite1 so the bees of ,aristus1 the emblems of nature's abundance1 are destroyed through the agency of the serpent1 and regenerated within the entrails of the ,vernal ,bull4 ,the ,sun-,god is finally victorious4 ,christina crushes the head of the serpent ,calyia2 ,apollo destroys ,python1 and ,hercules that ,lernan monster whose poison festered in the foot of ,philoctetes1 of ,mopsus1 of ,chiron1 or of ,sagittarius4 ,the infant ,hercules destroys the pernicious snakes detested of the gods1 and ever1 like ,st4 ,george of ,england and ,michael the ,archangel1 wars against hydras and dragons4 ,the eclipses of the sun and moon were believed by the orientals to be caused by the assaults of a dmon in dragon-form2 and they endeavored to scare away the intruder by shouts and menaces4 ,this was the original ,leviathan or ,crooked ,serpent of old1 transfixed in the olden time by the power of ,jehovah1 and suspended as a glittering trophy in the sky2 yet also the ,power of ,darkness supposed to be ever in pursuit of the ,sun and ,moon4 ,when it finally overtakes them1 it will entwine them in its folds1 and prevent their shining4 ,in the last ,indian ,avatara1 as in the ,eddas1 a serpent vomiting flames is expected to destroy the world4 ,the serpent presides over the close of the year1 where it guards the approach to the golden fleece of ,aries1 and the three apples or seasons of the ,hesperides2 presenting a formidable obstacle to the career of the ,sun-,god4 ,the ,great ,destroyer of snakes is occasionally married to them2 ,hercules with the northern dragon begets the three ancestors of ,scythia2 for the ,sun seems at one time to rise victorious from the contest with darkness1 and at another to sink into its embraces4 ,the northern constellation ,draco1 whose sinuosities wind like a river through the wintry bear1 was made the astronomical cincture of the ,universe1 as the serpent encircles the mundane egg in ,egyptian hieroglyphics4 ,the ,persian ,ahriman was called ,the old serpent1 the liar from the beginning1 the ,prince of ,darkness1 and the rover up and down4 ,the ,dragon was a well-known symbol of the waters and of great rivers2 and it was natural that by the pastoral ,asiatic ,tribes1 the powerful nations of the alluvial plains in their neighborhood who adored the dragon or ,fish1 should themselves be symbolized under the form of dragons2 and overcome by the superior might of the ,hebrew ,god1 as monstrous ,leviathans maimed and destroyed by him4 ,ophioneus1 in the old ,greek ,theology1 warred against ,kronos1 and was overcome and cast into his proper element1 the sea4 ,there he is installed as the ,sea-,god ,oannes or ,dragon1 the ,leviathan of the watery1 half of creation1 the dragon who vomited a flood of water after the persecuted woman of the ,apocalypse1 the monster who threatened to devour ,hesione and ,andromeda1 and who for a time became the grave of ,hercules and ,jonah2 and he corresponds with the obscure name of ,rahab1 whom ,jehovah is said in ,job to have transfixed and overcome4 ,in the ,spring1 the year or ,sun-,god appears as ,mithras or ,europa mounted on the ,bull2 but in the opposite half of the ,zodiac he rides the emblem of the waters1 the winged horse of ,nestor or ,poseidon3 and the ,serpent1 rising heliacally at the ,autumnal ,equinox1 besetting with poisonous influence the cold constellation ,sagittarius1 is explained as the reptile in the path who bites the horse's heels1 so that his rider falls backward4 ,the same serpent1 the ,oannes ,aphrenos or ,musaros of ,syncellus1 was the ,midgard ,serpent which ,odin sunk beneath the sea1 but which grew to such a size as to encircle the whole earth4 ,for these ,asiatic symbols of the contest of the ,sun-,god with the ,dragon of darkness and ,winter were imported not only into the ,zodiac1 but into the more homely circle of ,european legend2 and both ,thor and ,odin fight with dragons1 as ,apollo did with ,python1 the great scaly snake1 ,achilles with the ,scamander1 and ,bellerophon with the ,chimra4 ,in the apocryphal book of ,esther1 dragons herald a day of darkness and obscurity2 and ,st4 ,george of ,england1 a problematic ,cappadocian ,prince1 was originally only a varying form of ,mithras4 ,jehovah is said to have cut ,rahab and wounded the dragon4 ,the latter is not only the type of earthly desolation1 the dragon of the deep waters1 but also the leader of the banded conspirators of the sky1 of the rebellious stars1 which1 according to ,enoch1 came not at the right time2 and his tail drew a third part of the ,host of ,heaven1 and cast them to the earth4 ,jehovah divided the sea by his strength1 and broke the heads of the ,dragons in the waters4 ,and according to the ,jewish and ,persian belief1 the ,dragon would1 in the latter days1 the ,winter of time1 enjoy a short period of licensed impunity1 which would be a season of the greatest suffering to the ,people of the earth2 but he would finally be bound or destroyed in the great battle of ,messiah2 or1 as it seems intimated by the ,rabbinical figure of being eaten by the faithful1 be1 like ,ahriman or ,vasouki1 ultimately absorbed by and united with the ,principle of good4 ,near the image of ,rhea1 in the ,temple of ,bel at ,babylon1 were two large serpents of silver1 says ,diodorus1 each weighing thirty talents2 and in the same temple was an image of ,juno1 holding in her right hand the head of a serpent4 ,the ,greeks called ,bel ,beliar2 and ,hesychius interprets that word to mean a dragon or great serpent4 ,we learn from the book of ,bel and the ,dragon that in ,babylon was kept a great1 live serpent1 which the people worshipped4 ,the ,assyrians1 the ,emperors of ,constantinople1 the ,parthians ,scythians1 ,saxons1 ,chinese1 and ,danes all bore the serpent as a standard1 and among the spoils taken by ,aurelian from ,zenobia were such standards1 ,persici ,dracones4 ,the ,persians represented ,ormuzd and ,ahriman by two serpents1 contending for the mundane egg4 ,mithras is represented with a lion's head and human body1 encircled by a serpent4 ,in the ,sadder is this precept3 ,when you kill serpents1 you will repeat the ,zend-,avesta1 and thence you will obtain great merit2 for it is the same as if you had killed so many devils4 ,serpents encircling rings and globes1 and issuing from globes1 are common in the ,persian1 ,egyptian1 ,chinese1 and ,indian monuments4 ,vishnu is represented reposing on a coiled serpent1 whose folds form a canopy over him4 ,mahadeva is represented with a snake around his neck1 one around his hair1 and armlets of serpents on both arms4 ,bhairava sits on the coils of a serpent1 whose head rises above his own4 ,parvati has snakes about her neck and waist4 ,vishnu is the ,preserving ,spirit1 ,mahadeva is ,siva1 the ,evil ,principle1 ,bhairava is his son1 and ,parvati his consort4 ,the ,king of ,evil ,demons was called in ,hind ,mythology1 ,naga1 the ,king of ,serpents1 in which name we trace the ,hebrew ,nachash1 serpent4 ,in ,cashmere were seven hundred places where carved images of serpents were worshipped2 and in ,thibet the great ,chinese ,dragon ornamented the ,temples of the ,grand ,lama4 ,in ,china1 the dragon was the stamp and symbol of royalty1 sculptured in all the ,temples1 blazoned on the furniture of the houses1 and interwoven with the vestments of the chief nobility4 ,the ,emperor bears it as his armorial device2 it is engraved on his sceptre and diadem1 and on all the vases of the imperial palace4 ,the ,chinese believe that there is a dragon of extraordinary strength and sovereign power1 in ,heaven1 in the air1 on the waters1 and on the mountains4 ,the ,god ,fohi is said to have had the form of a man1 terminating in the tail of a snake1 a combination to be more fully explained to you in a subsequent ,degree4 ,the dragon and serpent are the #eth and #fth signs of the ,chinese ,zodiac2 and the ,hindus and ,chinese believe that1 at every eclipse1 the sun or moon is seized by a huge serpent or dragon1 the serpent ,asootee of the ,hindus1 which enfolds the globe and the constellation ,draco2 to which also refers the ,war in ,heaven1 when ,michael and his ,angels fought against the dragon4 ,sanchoniathon says that ,taaut was the author of the worship of serpents among the ,phnicians4 ,he consecrated1 he says1 the species of dragons and serpents2 and the ,phnicians and ,egyptians followed him in this superstition4 ,he was the first who made an image of ,clus2 that is1 who represented the ,heavenly ,hosts of ,stars by visible symbols2 and was probably the same as the ,egyptian ,thoth4 ,on the ,tyrian coins of the age of ,alexander1 serpents are represented in many positions and attitudes1 coiled around trees1 erect in front of altars1 and crushed by the ,syrian ,hercules4 ,the seventh letter of the ,egyptian alphabet1 called ,zeuta or ,life1 was sacred to ,thoth1 and was expressed by a serpent standing on his tail2 and that ,deity1 the ,god of healing1 like sculapius1 to whom the serpent was consecrated1 leans on a knotted stick around which coils a snake4 ,the ,isiac tablet1 describing the ,mysteries of ,isis1 is charged with serpents in every part1 as her emblems4 ,the ,asp was specially dedicated to her1 and is seen on the heads of her statues1 on the bonnets of her priests1 and on the tiaras of the ,kings of ,egypt4 ,serapis was sometimes represented with a human head and serpentine tail3 and in one engraving two minor ,gods are represented with him1 one by a serpent with a bull's head1 and the other by a serpent with the radiated head of a lion4 ,on an ancient sacrificial vessel found in ,denmark1 having several compartments1 a serpent is represented attacking a kneeling boy1 pursuing him1 retreating before him1 appealed to beseechingly by him1 and conversing with him4 ,we are at once reminded of the ,sun at the new year represented by a child sitting on a lotus1 and of the relations of the ,sun of ,spring with the ,autumnal ,serpent1 pursued by and pursuing him1 and in conjunction with him4 ,other figures on this vessel belong to the ,zodiac4 ,the base of the tripod of the ,pythian ,priestess was a triple-headed serpent of brass1 whose body1 folded in circles growing wider and wider toward the ground1 formed a conical column1 while the three heads1 disposed triangularly1 upheld the tripod of gold4 ,a similar column was placed on a pillar in the ,hippodrome at ,constantinople1 by the founder of that city2 one of the heads of which is said to have been broken off by ,mahomet the ,second1 by a blow with his iron mace4 ,the ,british ,god ,hu was called ,the ,dragon--,ruler of the ,world1 and his car was drawn by serpents4 ,his ministers were styled adders4 ,a ,druid in a poem of ,taliessin says1 ,i am a ,druid1 ,i am an ,architect1 ,i am a ,prophet1 ,i am a ,serpent 7,gnadi74 ,the ,car of the ,goddess ,ceridwen also was drawn by serpents4 ,in the elegy of ,uther ,pendragon1 this passage occurs in a description of the religious rites of the ,druids3 ,while the ,sanctuary is earnestly invoking ,the ,gliding ,king1 before whom the ,fair ,one retreats1 upon the evil that covers the huge stones2 whilst the ,dragon moves round over the places which contain vessels of drink-offering1 whilst the drink-offering is in the ,golden ,horns2 in which we readily discover the mystic and obscure allusion to the ,autumnal ,serpent pursuing the ,sun along the circle of the ,zodiac1 to the celestial cup or crater1 and the ,golden horns of ,virgil's milk-white ,bull2 and1 a line or two further on1 we find the ,priest imploring the victorious ,beli1 the ,sun-,god of the ,babylonians4 ,with the serpent1 in the ,ancient ,monuments1 is very often found associated the ,cross4 ,the ,serpent upon a ,cross was an ,egyptian ,standard4 ,it occurs repeatedly upon the ,grand ,staircase of the ,temple of ,osiris at ,phil2 and on the pyramid of ,ghizeh are represented two kneeling figures erecting a ,cross1 on the top of which is a serpent erect4 ,the ,crux ,ansata was a ,cross with a coiled ,serpent above it2 and it is perhaps the most common of all emblems on the ,egyptian ,monuments1 carried in the hand of almost every figure of a ,deity or a ,priest4 ,it was1 as we learn by the monuments1 the form of the iron tether-pins1 used for making fast to the ground the cords by which young animals were confined3 and as used by shepherds1 became a symbol of ,royalty to the ,shepherd ,kings4 ,a ,cross like a ,teutonic or ,maltese one1 formed by four curved lines within a circle1 is also common on the ,monuments1 and represented the ,tropics and the ,colures4 ,the ,caduceus1 borne by ,hermes or ,mercury1 and also by ,cybele1 ,minerva1 ,anubis1 ,hercules ,ogmius the ,god of the ,celts1 and the personified ,constellation ,virgo1 was a winged wand1 entwined by two serpents4 ,it was originally a simple ,cross1 symbolizing the equator and equinoctial ,colure1 and the four elements proceeding from a common centre4 ,this ,cross1 surmounted by a circle1 and that by a crescent1 became an emblem of the ,supreme ,deity--or of the active power of generation and the passive power of production conjoined1--and was appropriated to ,thoth or ,mercury4 ,it then assumed an improved form1 the arms of the ,cross being changed into wings1 and the circle and crescent being formed by two snakes1 springing from the wand1 forming a circle by crossing each other1 and their heads making the horns of the crescent2 in which form it is seen in the hands of ,anubis4 ,the triple ,tau1 in the centre of a circle and a triangle1 typifies the ,sacred ,name2 and represents the ,sacred ,triad1 the ,creating1 ,preserving1 and ,destroying ,powers2 as well as the three great lights of ,masonry4 ,if to the ,masonic point within a ,circle1 and the two parallel lines1 we add the single ,tau ,cross1 we have the ,ancient ,egyptian ,triple ,tau4 ,a column in the form of a cross1 with a circle over it1 was used by the ,egyptians to measure the increase of the inundations of the ,nile4 ,the ,tau and ,triple ,tau are found in many ,ancient ,alphabets4 ,with the ,tau or the ,triple ,tau may be connected1 within two circles1 the double cube1 or perfection2 or the perfect ashlar4 ,the ,crux ,ansata is found on the sculptures of ,khorsabad2 on the ivories from ,nimroud1 of the same age1 carried by an ,assyrian ,monarch2 and on cylinders of the later ,assyrian period4 ,as the single ,tau represents the one ,god1 so1 no doubt1 the ,triple ,tau1 the origin of which cannot be traced1 was meant to represent the ,trinity of his attributes1 the three ,masonic pillars1 ,,wisdom1 ,,strength1 and ,,harmony4 ,the ,prophet ,ezekiel1 in the #dth verse of the #ith chapter1 says3 ,and the ,lord said unto him1 ',go through the midst of the city1 through the midst of ,jerusalem1 and mark the letter ,,tau upon the foreheads of those that sigh and mourn for all the abominations that be done in the midst thereof4 ,so the ,latin ,vulgate1 and the probably most ancient copies of the ,septuagint translate the passage4 ,this ,tau was in the form of the cross of this ,degree1 and it was the emblem of life and salvation4 ,the ,samaritan ,tau and the ,ethiopic ,tavvi are the evident prototype of the ,greek ,greek3 2 and we learn from ,tertullian1 ,origen1 and ,st4 ,jerome1 that the ,hebrew ,tau was anciently written in the form of a ,cross4 ,in ancient times the mark ,tau was set on those who had been acquitted by their judges1 as a symbol of innocence4 ,the military commanders placed it on soldiers who escaped unhurt from the field of battle1 as a sign of their safety under the ,divine ,protection4 ,it was a sacred symbol among the ,druids4 ,divesting a tree of part of its branches1 they left it in the shape of a ,tau ,cross1 preserved it carefully1 and consecrated it with solemn ceremonies4 ,on the tree they cut deeply the word ,,thau1 by which they meant ,god4 ,on the right arm of the ,cross1 they inscribed the word ,,hesuls1 on the left ,,belen or ,,belenus1 and on the middle of the trunk ,,tharamis4 ,this represented the sacred ,triad4 ,it is certain that the ,indians1 ,egyptians1 and ,arabians paid veneration to the sign of the ,cross1 thousands of years before the coming of ,christ4 ,everywhere it was a sacred symbol4 ,the ,hindus and the ,celtic ,druids built many of their ,temples in the form of a ,cross1 as the ruins still remaining clearly show1 and particularly the ancient ,druidical ,temple at ,classerniss in the ,island of ,lewis in ,scotland4 ,the ,circle is of #ab ,stones4 ,on each of the sides1 east1 west1 and south1 are three4 ,in the centre was the image of the ,deity2 and on the north an avenue of twice nineteen stones1 and one at the entrance4 ,the ,supernal ,pagoda at ,benares is in the form of a ,cross2 and the ,druidical subterranean grotto at ,new ,grange in ,ireland4 ,the ,statue of ,osiris at ,rome had the same emblem4 ,isis and ,ceres also bore it2 and the caverns of initiation were constructed in that shape with a pyramid over the ,sacellum4 ,crosses were cut in the stones of the ,temple of ,serapis in ,alexandria2 and many ,tau ,crosses are to be seen in the sculptures of ,alabastion and ,esn1 in ,egypt4 ,on coins1 the symbol of the ,egyptian ,god ,kneph was a ,cross within a ,circle4 ,the ,crux ,ansata was the particular emblem of ,osiris1 and his sceptre ended with that figure4 ,it was also the emblem of ,hermes1 and was considered a ,sublime ,hieroglyphic1 possessing mysterious powers and virtues1 as a wonder-working amulet4 ,the ,sacred ,tau occurs in the hands of the mummy-shaped figures between the forelegs of the row of ,sphynxes1 in the great avenue leading from ,luxor to ,karnac4 ,by the ,tau ,cross the ,cabalists expressed the number #aj1 a perfect number1 denoting ,heaven1 and the ,pythagorean ,tetractys1 or incommunicable name of ,god4 ,the ,tau ,cross is also found on the stones in front of the door of the ,temple of ,amunoth ,,iii1 at ,thebes1 who reigned about the time when the ,israelites took possession of ,canaan3 and the ,egyptian ,priests carried it in all the sacred processions4 ,tertullian1 who had been initiated1 informs us that the ,tau was inscribed on the forehead of every person who had been admitted into the ,mysteries of ,mithras4 ,as the simple ,tau represented ,life1 so1 when the ,circle1 symbol of ,eternity1 was added1 it represented ,eternal ,life4 ,at the ,initiation of a ,king1 the ,tau1 as the emblem of life and key of the ,mysteries1 was impressed upon his lips4 ,in the ,indian ,mysteries1 the ,tau ,cross1 under the name of ,tiluk1 was marked upon the body of the candidate1 as a sign that he was set apart for the ,sacred ,mysteries4 ,on the upright tablet of the ,king1 discovered at ,nimroud1 are the names of thirteen ,great ,gods 7among which are ,,yav and ,,bel72 and the left-hand character of every one is a cross composed of two cuneiform characters4 ,the ,cross appears upon an ,ancient ,phnician medal found in the ruins of ,citium2 on the very ancient ,buddhist ,obelisk near ,ferns in ,ross-shire2 on the ,buddhist ,round ,towers in ,ireland1 and upon the splendid obelisk of the same era at ,forres in ,scotland4 ,upon the facade of a temple at ,kalabche in ,nubia are three regal figures1 each holding a ,crux ,ansata4 ,like the ,subterranean ,mithriatic ,temple at ,new ,grange in ,scotland1 the ,pagodas of ,benares and ,mathura were in the form of a ,cross4 ,magnificent ,buddhist ,crosses were erected1 and are still standing1 at ,clonmacnoise1 ,finglas1 and ,kilcullen in ,ireland4 ,wherever the monuments of ,buddhism are found1 in ,india1 ,ceylon1 or ,ireland1 we find the ,cross3 for ,buddha or ,boudh was represented to have been crucified4 ,all the planets known to the ,ancients were distinguished by the ,mystic ,cross1 in conjunction with the solar or lunar symbols2 ,saturn by a cross over a crescent1 ,jupiter by a cross under a crescent1 ,mars by a cross resting obliquely on a circle1 ,venus by a cross under a circle1 and ,mercury by a cross surmounted by a circle and that by a crescent4 ,the ,solstices1 ,cancer and ,capricorn1 the two ,gates of ,heaven are the two pillars of ,hercules1 beyond which he1 the ,sun1 never journeyed3 and they still appear in our ,lodges1 as the two great columns1 ,jachin and ,boaz1 and also as the two parallel lines that bound the circle1 with a point in the centre1 emblem of the ,sun between the two tropics of ,cancer and ,capricorn4 ,the ,blazing ,star in our ,lodges1 we have already said1 represents ,sirius1 ,anubis1 or ,mercury1 ,guardian and ,guide of ,souls4 ,our ,ancient ,english brethren also considered it an emblem of the ,sun4 ,in the old ,lectures they said3 ,the ,blazing ,star or ,glory in the centre refers us to that ,grand ,luminary the ,sun1 which enlightens the ,earth1 and by its genial influence dispenses blessings to mankind4 ,it is also said in those lectures to be an emblem of ,prudence4 ,the word ,prudentia means1 in its original and fullest signification1 ,foresight3 and accordingly the ,blazing ,star has been regarded as an emblem of ,omniscience1 or the ,all-,seeing ,eye1 which to the ,ancients was the ,sun4 ,even the ,dagger of the ,elu of ,nine is that used in the ,mysteries of ,mithras2 which1 with its blade black and hilt white1 was an emblem of the two principles of ,light and ,darkness4 ,isis1 the same as ,ceres1 was1 as we learn from ,eratosthenes1 the ,constellation ,virgo1 represented by a woman holding an ear of wheat4 ,the different emblems which accompany her in the description given by ,apuleius1 a serpent on either side1 a golden vase1 with a serpent twined round the handle1 and the animals that marched in procession1 the bear1 the ape1 and ,pegasus1 represented the ,constellations that1 rising with the ,virgin1 when on the day of the ,vernal ,equinox she stood in the ,oriental gate of ,heaven1 brilliant with the rays of the full moon1 seemed to march in her train4 ,the cup1 consecrated in the ,mysteries both of ,isis and ,eleusis1 was the ,constellation ,crater or the ,cup4 ,the sacred vessel of the ,isiac ceremony finds its counterpart in the ,heavens4 ,the ,olympic robe presented to the ,initiate1 a magnificent mantle1 covered with figures of serpents and animals1 and under which were twelve other sacred robes1 wherewith he was clothed in the sanctuary1 alluded to the starry ,heaven and the twelve signs3 while the seven preparatory immersions in the sea alluded to the seven spheres1 through which the soul plunged1 to arrive here below and take up its abode in a body4 ,the ,celestial ,virgin1 during the last three centuries that preceded the ,christian era1 occupied the horoscope or ,oriental point1 and that gate of ,heaven through which the ,sun and ,moon ascended above the horizon at the two equinoxes4 ,again it occupied it at midnight1 at the ,winter ,solstice1 the precise moment when the year commenced4 ,thus it was essentially connected with the march of times and seasons1 of the ,sun1 the ,moon1 and day and night1 at the principal epochs of the year4 ,at the equinoxes were celebrated the greater and lesser ,mysteries of ,ceres4 ,when souls descended past the ,balance1 at the moment when the ,sun occupied that point1 the ,virgin rose before him2 she stood at the gates of day and opened them to him4 ,her brilliant ,star1 ,spica ,virginis1 and ,arcturus1 in ,botes1 northwest of it1 heralded his coming4 ,when he had returned to the ,vernal ,equinox1 at the moment when souls were generated1 again it was the ,celestial ,virgin that led the march of the signs of night2 and in her stars came the beautiful full moon of that month4 ,night and day were in succession introduced by her1 when they began to diminish in length2 and souls1 before arriving at the gates of ,hell1 were also led by her4 ,in going through these signs1 they passed the ,styx in the #hth ,degree of ,libra4 ,she was the famous ,sibyl who initiated ,eneas1 and opened to him the way to the infernal regions4 ,this peculiar situation of the ,constellation ,virgo1 has caused it to enter into all the sacred fables in regard to nature1 under different names and the most varied forms4 ,it often takes the name of ,isis or the ,moon1 which1 when at its full at the ,vernal ,equinox1 was in union with it or beneath its feet4 ,mercury 7or ,anubis7 having his domicile and exaltation in the sign ,virgo1 was1 in all the sacred fables and ,sanctuaries1 the inseparable companion of ,isis1 without whose counsels she did nothing4 ,this relation between the emblems and mysterious recitals of the initiations1 and the ,heavenly bodies and order of the world1 was still more clear in the ,mysteries of ,mithras1 adored as the ,sun in ,asia ,minor1 ,cappadocia1 ,armenia1 and ,persia1 and whose ,mysteries went to ,rome in the time of ,sylla4 ,this is amply proved by the descriptions we have of the ,mithriac cave1 in which were figured the two movements of the ,heavens1 that of the fixed ,stars and that of the ,planets1 the ,constellations1 the eight mystic gates of the spheres1 and the symbols of the elements4 ,so on a celebrated monument of that religion1 found at ,rome1 were figured1 the ,serpent or ,hydra under ,leo1 as in the ,heavens1 the ,celestial ,dog1 the ,bull1 the ,scorpion1 the ,seven ,planets1 represented by seven altars1 the ,sun1 ,moon1 and emblems relating to ,light1 to ,darkness1 and to their succession during the year1 where each in turn triumphs for six months4 ,the ,mysteries of ,atys were celebrated when the ,sun entered ,aries2 and among the emblems was a ram at the foot of a tree which was being cut down4 ,thus1 if not the whole truth1 it is yet a large part of it1 that the ,heathen ,pantheon1 in its infinite diversity of names and personifications1 was but a multitudinous1 though in its origin unconscious allegory1 of which physical phenomena1 and principally the ,heavenly ,bodies1 were the fundamental types4 ,the glorious images of ,divinity which formed ,jehovah's ,host1 were the ,divine ,dynasty or real theocracy which governed the early world2 and the men of the golden age1 whose looks held commerce with the skies1 and who watched the radiant rulers bringing ,winter and ,summer to mortals1 might be said with poetic truth to live in immediate communication with ,heaven1 and1 like the ,hebrew ,patriarchs1 to see ,god face to face4 ,then the ,gods introduced their own worship among mankind3 then ,oannes1 ,oe or ,aquarius rose from the ,red ,sea to impart science to the ,babylonians2 then the bright ,bull legislated for ,india and ,crete2 and the ,lights of ,heaven1 personified as ,liber and ,ceres1 hung the ,botian hills with vineyards1 and gave the golden sheaf to ,eleusis4 ,the children of men were1 in a sense1 allied or married1 to those sons of ,god who sang the jubilee of creation2 and the encircling vault with its countless ,stars1 which to the excited imagination of the solitary ,chaldean wanderer appeared as animated intelligences1 might naturally be compared to a gigantic ladder1 on which1 in their rising and setting1 the ,angel luminaries appeared to be ascending and descending between earth and ,heaven4 ,the original revelation died out of men's memories2 they worshipped the ,creature instead of the ,creator2 and holding all earthly things as connected by eternal links of harmony and sympathy with the heavenly bodies1 they united in one view astronomy1 astrology1 and religion4 ,long wandering thus in error1 they at length ceased to look upon the ,stars and external nature as ,gods2 and by directing their attention to the microcosm or narrower world of self1 they again became acquainted with the ,true ,ruler and ,guide of the ,universe1 and used the old fables and superstitions as symbols and allegories1 by which to convey and under which to hide the great truths which had faded out of most men's remembrance4 ,in the ,hebrew writings1 the term ,heavenly ,hosts includes not only the counsellors and emissaries of ,jehovah1 but also the celestial luminaries2 and the stars1 imagined in the ,east to be animated intelligences1 presiding over human weal and woe1 are identified with the more distinctly impersonated messengers or angels1 who execute the ,divine decrees1 and whose predominance in ,heaven is in mysterious correspondence and relation with the powers and dominions of the earth4 ,in ,job1 the ,morning ,stars and the ,sons of ,god are identified2 they join in the same chorus of praise to the ,almighty2 they are both susceptible of joy2 they walk in brightness1 and are liable to impurity and imperfection in the sight of ,god4 ,the ,elohim originally included not only foreign superstitious forms1 but also all that host of ,heaven which was revealed in poetry to the shepherds of the desert1 now as an encampment of warriors1 now as careering in chariots of fire1 and now as winged messengers1 ascending and descending the vault of ,heaven1 to communicate the will of ,god to mankind4 ,the ,eternal1 says the ,bereshith ,rabba to ,genesis1 called forth ,abraham and his posterity out of the dominion of the stars2 by nature1 the ,israelite was a servant to the stars1 and born under their influence1 as are the heathen2 but by virtue of the law given on ,mount ,sinai1 he became liberated from this degrading servitude4 ,the ,arabs had a similar legend4 ,the ,prophet ,amos explicitly asserts that the ,israelites1 in the desert1 worshipped1 not ,jehovah1 but ,moloch1 or a ,star-,god1 equivalent to ,saturn4 ,the ,gods ,el or ,jehovah were not merely planetary or solar4 ,their symbolism1 like that of every other ,deity1 was coextensive with nature1 and with the mind of man4 ,yet the astrological character is assigned even to ,jehovah4 ,he is described as seated on the pinnacle of the ,universe1 leading forth the ,hosts of ,heaven1 and telling them unerringly by name and number4 ,his stars are ,his sons and ,his eyes1 which run through the whole world1 keeping watch over men's deeds4 ,the stars and planets were properly the angels4 ,in ,pharisaic tradition1 as in the phraseology of the ,new ,testament1 the ,heavenly ,host appears as an ,angelic ,army1 divided into regiments and brigades1 under the command of imaginary chiefs1 such as ,massaloth1 ,legion1 ,kartor ,gistra etc4--each ,gistra being captain of #cfe1jjj myriads of stars4 ,the ,seven ,spirits which stand before the throne1 spoken of by several ,jewish writers1 and generally presumed to have been immediately derived from the ,persian ,amshaspands1 were ultimately the seven planetary intelligences1 the original model of the seven-branched golden candlestick exhibited to ,moses on ,god's mountain4 ,the stars were imagined to have fought in their courses against ,sisera4 ,the heavens were spoken of as holding a predominance over earth1 as governing it by signs and ordinances1 and as containing the elements of that astrological wisdom1 more especially cultivated by the ,babylonians and ,egyptians4 ,each nation was supposed by the ,hebrews to have its own guardian angel1 and its own provincial star4 ,one of the chiefs of the ,celestial ,powers1 at first ,jehovah ,himself in the character of the ,sun1 standing in the height of ,heaven1 overlooking and governing all things1 afterward one of the angels or subordinate planetary genii of ,babylonian or ,persian mythology1 was the patron and protector of their own nation1 the ,prince that standeth for the children of thy people4 ,the discords of earth were accompanied by a warfare in the sky2 and no people underwent the visitation of the ,almighty1 without a corresponding chastisement being inflicted on its tutelary angel4 ,the fallen ,angels were also fallen ,stars2 and the first allusion to a feud among the spiritual powers in early ,hebrew ,mythology1 where ,rabab and his confederates are defeated1 like the ,titans in a battle against the ,gods1 seems to identify the rebellious ,spirits as part of the visible ,heavens1 where the high ones on high are punished or chained1 as a signal proof of ,god's power and justice4 ,god1 it is said-- ,stirs the sea with ,his might--by ,his understanding ,he smote ,rahab--,his breath clears the face of ,heaven--,his hand pierced the crooked ,serpent4444 ,god withdraws not ,his anger2 beneath ,him bow the confederates of ,rahab4 ,rahab always means a sea-monster3 probably some such legendary monstrous dragon1 as in almost all mythologies is the adversary of ,heaven and demon of eclipse1 in whose belly1 significantly called the belly of ,hell1 ,hercules1 like ,jonah1 passed three days1 ultimately escaping with the loss of his hair or rays4 ,chesil1 the rebellious giant ,orion1 represented in ,job as riveted to the sky1 was compared to ,ninus or ,nimrod1 the mythical founder of ,nineveh 7,city of ,fish7 the mighty hunter1 who slew lions and panthers before the ,lord4 ,rahab's confederates are probably the ,high ones on ,high1 the ,chesilim or constellations in ,isaiah1 the ,heavenly ,host or ,heavenly ,powers1 among whose number were found folly and disobedience4 ,i beheld1 says ,pseudo-,enoch1 seven stars like great blazing mountains1 and like ,spirits1 entreating me4 ,and the angel said1 ,this place1 until the consummation of ,heaven and ,earth1 will be the prison of the ,stars and of the ,host of ,heaven4 ,these are the ,stars which overstepped ,god's command before their time arrived2 and came not at their proper season2 therefore was he offended with them1 and bound them1 until the time of the consummation of their crimes in the secret year4 ,and again3 ,these ,seven ,stars are those which have transgressed the commandment of the ,most ,high ,god1 and which are here bound until the number of the days of their crimes be completed4 ,the ,jewish and early ,christian writers looked on the worship of the sun and the elements with comparative indulgence4 ,justin ,martyr and ,clemens of ,alexandria admit that ,god had appointed the stars as legitimate objects of heathen worship1 in order to preserve throughout the world some tolerable notions of natural religion4 ,it seemed a middle point between ,heathenism and ,christianity2 and to it certain emblems and ordinances of that faith seemed to relate4 ,the advent of ,christ was announced by a ,star from the ,east2 and ,his nativity was celebrated on the shortest day of the ,julian ,calendar1 the day when1 in the physical commemorations of ,persia and ,egypt1 ,mithras or ,osiris was newly found4 ,it was then that the acclamations of the ,host of ,heaven1 the unfailing attendants of the ,sun1 surrounded1 as at the spring-dawn of creation1 the cradle of ,his birth-place1 and that1 in the words of ,ignatius1 a star1 with light inexpressible1 shone forth in the ,heavens1 to destroy the power of magic and the bonds of wickedness2 for ,god ,himself had appeared1 in the form of man1 for the renewal of eternal life4 ,but however infinite the variety of objects which helped to develop the notion of ,deity1 and eventually assumed its place1 substituting the worship of the creature for that of the creator2 of ,parts of the body1 for that of the soul1 of the ,universe1 still the notion itself was essentially one of unity4 ,the idea of one ,god1 of a creative1 productive1 governing unity1 resided in the earliest exertion of thought3 and this monotheism of the primitive ages1 makes every succeeding epoch1 unless it be the present appear only as a stage in the progress of degeneracy and aberration ,everywhere in the old faiths we find the idea of a supreme or presiding ,deity4 ,amun or ,osiris presides among the many gods of ,egypt2 ,pan1 with the music of his pipe1 directs the chorus of the constellations1 as ,zeus leads the solemn procession of the celestial troops in the astronomical theology of the ,pythagoreans4 ,amidst an infinite diversity of opinions on all other subjects1 says ,maximus ,tyrius1 the whole world is unanimous in the belief of one only almighty ,king and ,father of all4 ,there is always a ,sovereign ,power1 a ,zeus or ,deus1 ,mahadeva or ,adideva1 to whom belongs the maintenance of the order of the ,universe4 ,among the thousand gods of ,india1 the doctrine of ,divine ,unity is never lost sight of2 and the ethereal ,jove1 worshipped by the ,persian in an age long before ,xenophanes or ,anaxagoras1 appears as supremely comprehensive and independent of planetary or elemental subdivisions1 as the ,vast ,one or ,great ,soul of the ,vedas4 ,but the simplicity of belief of the patriarchs did not exclude the employment of symbolical representations4 ,the mind never rests satisfied with a mere feeling4 ,that feeling ever strives to assume precision and durability as an idea1 by some outward delineation of its thought4 ,even the ideas that are above and beyond the senses1 as all ideas of ,god are1 require the aid of the senses for their expression and communication4 ,hence come the representative forms and symbols which constitute the external investiture of every religion2 attempts to express a religious sentiment that is essentially one1 and that vainly struggles for adequate external utterance1 striving to tell to one man1 to paint to him1 an idea existing in the mind of another1 and essentially incapable of utterance or description1 in a language all the words of which have a sensuous meaning4 ,thus1 the idea being perhaps the same in all1 its expressions and utterances are infinitely various1 and branch into an infinite diversity of creeds and sects4 ,all religious expression is symbolism2 since we can describe only what we see2 and the true objects of religion are unseen4 ,the earliest instruments of education were symbols2 and they and all other religious forms differed and still differ according to external circumstances and imagery1 and according to differences of knowledge and mental cultivation4 ,to present a visible symbol to the eye of another is not to inform him of the meaning which that symbol has to you4 ,hence the philosopher soon superadded to these symbols1 explanations addressed to the ear1 susceptible of more precision1 but less effective1 obvious1 and impressive than the painted or sculptured forms which he despised4 ,out of these explanations grew by degrees a variety of narratives1 whose true object and meaning were gradually forgotten4 ,and when these were abandoned1 and philosophy resorted to definitions and formulas1 its language was but a more refined symbolism1 grappling with and attempting to picture ideas impossible to be expressed4 ,for the most abstract expression for ,deity which language can supply1 is but a sign or symbol for an object unknown1 and no more truthful and adequate than the terms ,osiris and ,vishnu1 except as being less sensuous and explicit4 ,to say that ,he is a ,spirit1 is but to say that ,he is not matter4 ,what spirit is1 we can only define as the ,ancients did1 by resorting1 as if in despair1 to some sublimized species of matter1 as ,light1 ,fire1 or ,ether4 ,no symbol of ,deity can be appropriate or durable except in a relative or moral sense4 ,we cannot exalt words that have only a sensuous meaning1 above sense4 ,to call ,him a ,power or a ,force1 or an ,intelligence1 is merely to deceive ourselves into the belief that we use words that have a meaning to us1 when they have none1 or at least no more than the ancient visible symbols had4 ,to call ,him ,sovereign1 ,father1 ,grand ,architect of the ,universe1 ,extension1 ,time1 ,beginning1 ,middle1 and ,end1 whose face is turned on all sides1 the ,source of life and death1 is but to present other men with symbols by which we vainly endeavor to communicate to them the same vague ideas which men in all ages have impotently struggled to express4 ,and it may be doubted whether we have succeeded either in communicating1 or in forming in our own minds1 any more distinct and definite and true and adequate idea of the ,deity1 with all our metaphysical conceits and logical subtleties1 than the rude ancients did1 who endeavored to symbolize and so to express ,his attributes1 by the ,fire1 the ,light1 the ,sun and ,stars1 the ,lotus and the ,scarabus2 all of them types of what1 except by types1 more or less sufficient1 could not be expressed at all4 ,the primitive man recognized the ,divine ,presence under a variety of appearances1 without losing his faith in this unity and ,supremacy4 ,the invisible ,god1 manifested and on one of ,his many sides visible1 did not cease to be ,god to him4 ,he recognized ,him in the evening breeze of ,eden1 in the whirlwind of ,sinai in the ,stone of ,beth-,el3 and identified ,him with the fire or thunder or the immovable rock adored in ,ancient ,arabia4 ,to him the image of the ,deity was reflected in all that was pre-eminent in excellence4 ,he saw ,jehovah1 like ,osiris and ,bel1 in the ,sun as well as in the ,stars1 which were ,his children1 ,his eyes1 which run through the whole world1 and watch over the ,sacred ,soil of ,palestine1 from the year's commencement to its close4 ,he was the sacred fire of ,mount ,sinai1 of the burning bush1 of the ,persians1 those ,puritans of ,paganism4 ,naturally it followed that ,symbolism soon became more complicated1 and all the powers of ,heaven were reproduced on earth1 until a web of fiction and allegory was woven1 which the wit of man1 with his limited means of explanation1 will never unravel4 ,hebrew ,theism itself became involved in symbolism and image-worship1 to which all religions ever tend4 ,we have already seen what was the symbolism of the ,tabernacle1 the ,temple1 and the ,ark4 ,the ,hebrew establishment tolerated not only the use of emblematic vessels1 vestments1 and cherubs1 of ,sacred ,pillars and ,seraphim1 but symbolical representations of ,jehovah ,himself1 not even confined to poetical or illustrative language4 ,among the ,adityas1 says ,chrishna1 in the ,bagvat ,ghita1 ,i am ,vishnu1 the radiant ,sun among the ,stars2 among the waters1 ,i am ocean2 among the mountains1 the ,himalaya2 and among the mountain-tops1 ,meru4 ,the ,psalms and ,isaiah are full of similar attempts to convey to the mind ideas of ,god1 by ascribing to ,him sensual proportions4 ,he rides on the clouds1 and sits on the wings of the wind4 ,heaven is ,his pavilion1 and out of ,his mouth issue lightnings4 ,men cannot worship a mere abstraction4 ,they require some outward form in which to clothe their conceptions1 and invest their sympathies4 ,if they do not shape and carve or paint visible images1 they have invisible ones1 perhaps quite as inadequate and unfaithful1 within their own minds4 ,the incongruous and monstrous in the ,oriental images came from the desire to embody the ,infinite1 and to convey by multiplied1 because individually inadequate symbols1 a notion of ,divine ,attributes to the understanding4 ,perhaps we should find that we mentally do the same thing1 and make within ourselves images quite as incongruous1 if judged of by our own limited conceptions1 if we were to undertake to analyze and gain a clear idea of the mass of infinite attributes which we assign to the ,deity3 and even of ,his infinite ,justice and infinite ,mercy and ,love4 ,we may well say1 in the language of ,maximus ,tyrius3 ,if1 in the desire to obtain some faint conception of the ,universal ,father1 the ,nameless ,lawgiver1 men had recourse to words or names1 to silver or gold1 to animals or plants1 to mountain-tops or flowing rivers1 every one inscribing the most valued and most beautiful things with the name of ,deity1 and with the fondness of a lover clinging with rapture to each trivial reminiscence of the ,beloved1 why should we seek to reduce this universal practice of symbolism1 necessary1 indeed1 since the mind often needs the excitement of the imagination to rouse it into activity1 to one monotonous standard of formal propriety8 ,only let the image duly perform its task1 and bring the divine idea with vividness and truth before the mental eye2 if this be effected1 whether by the art of ,phidias1 the poetry of ,homer1 the ,egyptian ,hieroglyph1 or the ,persian element1 we need not cavil at external differences1 or lament the seeming fertility of unfamiliar creeds1 so long as the great essential is attained1 ,,that ,,men ,,are ,,made ,,to ,,remember1 ,,to ,,understand1 ,,and ,,to ,,love4 ,certainly1 when men regarded ,light and ,fire as something spiritual1 and above all the corruptions and exempt from all the decay of matter2 when they looked upon the ,sun and ,stars and ,planets as composed of this finer element1 and as themselves great and mysterious ,intelligences1 infinitely superior to man1 living ,existences1 gifted with mighty powers and wielding vast influences1 those elements and bodies conveyed to them1 when used as symbols of ,deity1 a far more adequate idea than they can now do to us1 or than we can comprehend1 now that ,fire and ,light are familiar to us as air and water1 and the ,heavenly ,luminaries are lifeless worlds like our own4 ,perhaps they gave them ideas as adequate as we obtain from the mere words by which we endeavor to symbolize and shadow forth the ineffable mysteries and infinite attributes of ,god4 ,there are1 it is true1 dangers inseparable from symbolism1 which countervail its advantages1 and afford an impressive lesson in regard to the similar risks attendant on the use of language4 ,the imagination1 invited to assist the reason1 usurps its place1 or leaves its ally helplessly entangled in its web4 ,names which stand for things are confounded with them2 the means are mistaken for the end3 the instrument of interpretation for the object2 and thus symbols come to usurp an independent character as truths and persons4 ,though perhaps a necessary path1 they were a dangerous one by which to approach the ,deity2 in which many1 says ,plutarch1 mistaking the sign for the thing signified1 fell into a ridiculous superstition2 while others1 in avoiding one extreme1 plunged into the no less hideous gulf of irreligion and impiety4 ,all great ,reformers have warred against this evil1 deeply feeling the intellectual mischief arising out of a degraded idea of the ,supreme ,being2 and have claimed for their own ,god an existence or personality distinct from the objects of ancient superstition2 disowning in ,his name the symbols and images that had profaned ,his ,temple4 ,but they have not seen that the utmost which can be effected by human effort1 is to substitute impressions relatively correct1 for others whose falsehood has been detected1 and to replace a gross symbolism by a purer one4 ,every man1 without being aware of it1 worships a conception of his own mind2 for all symbolism1 as well as all language1 shares the subjective character of the ideas it represents4 ,the epithets we apply to ,god only recall either visible or intellectual symbols to the eye or mind4 ,the modes or forms of manifestation of the reverential feeling that constitutes the religious sentiment1 are incomplete and progressive2 each term and symbol predicates a partial truth1 remaining always amenable to improvement or modification1 and1 in its turn1 to be superseded by others more accurate and comprehensive4 ,idolatry consists in confounding the symbol with the thing signified1 the substitution of a material for a mental object of worship1 after a higher spiritualism has become possible2 an ill-judged preference of the inferior to the superior symbol1 an inadequate and sensual conception of the ,deity3 and every religion and every conception of ,god is idolatrous1 in so far as it is imperfect1 and as it substitutes a feeble and temporary idea in the shrine of that ,undiscoverable ,being who can be known only in part1 and who can therefore be honored1 even by the most enlightened among ,his worshippers1 only in proportion to their limited powers of understanding and imagining to themselves ,his perfections4 ,like the belief in a ,deity1 the belief in the soul's immortality is rather a natural feeling1 an adjunct of self-consciousness1 than a dogma belonging to any particular age or country4 ,it gives eternity to man's nature1 and reconciles its seeming anomalies and contradictions2 it makes him strong in weakness and perfectable in imperfection2 and it alone gives an adequate object for his hopes and energies1 and value and dignity to his pursuits4 ,it is concurrent with the belief in an infinite1 eternal ,spirit1 since it is chiefly through consciousness of the dignity of the mind within us1 that we learn to appreciate its evidences in the ,universe4 ,to fortify1 and as far as possible to impart this hope1 was the great aim of ancient wisdom1 whether expressed in forms of poetry or philosophy2 as it was of the ,mysteries1 and as it is of ,masonry4 ,life rising out of death was the great mystery1 which symbolism delighted to represent under a thousand ingenious forms4 ,nature was ransacked for attestations to the grand truth which seems to transcend all other gifts of imagination1 or rather to be their essence and consummation4 ,such evidences were easily discovered4 ,they were found in the olive and the lotus1 in the evergreen myrtle of the ,myst and of the grave of ,polydorus1 in the deadly but self-renewing serpent1 the wonderful moth emerging from the coffin of the worm1 the phenomena of germination1 the settings and risings of the sun and stars1 the darkening and growth of the moon1 and in sleep1 the minor mystery of death4 ,the stories of the birth of ,apollo from ,latona1 and of dead heroes1 like ,glaucus1 resuscitated in caves1 were allegories of the natural alternations of life and death in nature1 changes that are but expedients to preserve her virginity and purity inviolable in the general sum of her operations1 whose aggregate presents only a majestic calm1 rebuking alike man's presumption and his despair4 ,the typical death of the ,nature-,god1 ,osiris1 ,atys1 ,adonis1 ,hiram1 was a profound but consolatory mystery3 the healing charms of ,orpheus were connected with his destruction2 and his bones1 those valued pledges of fertility and victory1 were1 by a beautiful contrivance1 often buried within the sacred precincts of his immortal equivalent4 ,in their doctrines as to the immortality of the soul1 the ,greek ,philosophers merely stated with more precision ideas long before extant independently among themselves1 in the form of symbolical suggestion4 ,egypt and ,ethiopia in these matters learned from ,india1 where1 as everywhere else1 the origin of the doctrine was as remote and untraceable as the origin of man himself4 ,its natural expression is found in the language of ,chrishna1 in the ,bagvat ,ghita3 ,i myself never was non-existent1 nor thou1 nor these princes of the ,earth2 nor shall we ever hereafter cease to be 444 ,the soul is not a thing of which a man may say1 it hath been1 or is about to be1 or is to be hereafter2 for it is a thing without birth2 it is pre-existent1 changeless1 eternal1 and is not to be destroyed with this mortal frame4 ,according to the dogma of antiquity1 the thronging forms of life are a series of purifying migrations1 through which the divine principle re-ascends to the unity of its source4 ,inebriated in the bowl of ,dionusos1 and dazzled in the mirror of existence1 the souls1 those fragments or sparks of the ,universal ,intelligence1 forgot their native dignity1 and passed into the terrestrial frames they coveted4 ,the most usual type of the spirit's descent was suggested by the sinking of the ,sun and ,stars from the upper to the lower hemisphere4 ,when it arrived within the portals of the proper empire of ,dionusos1 the ,god of this ,world1 the scene of delusion and change1 its individuality became clothed in a material form2 and as individual bodies were compared to a garment1 the world was the investiture of the ,universal ,spirit4 ,again1 the body was compared to a vase or urn1 the soul's recipient2 the world being the mighty bowl which received the descending ,deity4 ,in another image1 ancient as the ,grottoes of the ,magi and the denunciations of ,ezekiel1 the world was as a dimly illuminated cavern1 where shadows seem realities1 and where the soul becomes forgetful of its celestial origin in proportion to its proneness to material fascinations4 ,by another1 the period of the ,soul's embodiment is as when exhalations are condensed1 and the aerial element assumes the grosser form of water4 ,but if vapor falls in water1 it was held1 water is again the birth of vapors1 which ascend and adorn the ,heavens4 ,if our mortal existence be the death of the spirit1 our death may be the renewal of its life2 as physical bodies are exalted from earth to water1 from water to air1 from air to fire1 so the man may rise into the ,hero1 the ,hero into the ,god4 ,in the course of ,nature1 the soul1 to recover its lost estate1 must pass through a series of trials and migrations4 ,the scene of those trials is the ,grand ,sanctuary of ,initiations1 the world3 their primary agents are the elements2 and ,dionusos1 as ,sovereign of ,nature1 or the sensuous world personified1 is official ,arbiter of the ,mysteries1 and guide of the soul1 which he introduces into the body and dismisses from it4 ,he is the ,sun1 that liberator of the elements1 and his spiritual mediation was suggested by the same imagery which made the ,zodiac the supposed path of the spirits in their descent and their return1 and ,cancer and ,capricorn the gates through which they passed4 ,he was not only ,creator of the ,world1 but guardian1 liberator1 and ,saviour of the ,soul4 ,ushered into the world amidst lightning and thunder1 he became the ,liberator celebrated in the ,mysteries of ,thebes1 delivering earth from ,winter's chain1 conducting the nightly chorus of the ,stars and the celestial revolution of the year4 ,his symbolism was the inexhaustible imagery employed to fill up the stellar devices of the ,zodiac3 he was the ,vernal ,bull1 the ,lion1 the ,ram1 the ,autumnal ,goat1 the ,serpent3 in short1 the varied ,deity1 the resulting manifestation personified1 the all in the many1 the varied year1 life passing into innumerable forms2 essentially inferior to none1 yet changing with the seasons1 and undergoing their periodical decay4 ,he mediates and intercedes for man1 and reconciles the ,universal ,unseen ,mind with the individualized spirit of which he is emphatically the ,perfecter2 a consummation which he effects1 first through the vicissitudes of the elemental ordeal1 the alternate fire of ,summer and the showers of ,winter1 the trials or test of an immortal ,nature2 and secondarily and symbolically through the ,mysteries4 ,he holds not only the cup of generation1 but also that of wisdom or initiation1 whose influence is contrary to that of the former1 causing the soul to abhor its material bonds1 and to long for its return4 ,the first was the ,cup of ,forgetfulness2 while the second is the ,urn of ,aquarius1 quaffed by the returning spirit1 as by the returning ,sun at the ,winter ,solstice1 and emblematic of the exchange of wordly impressions for the recovered recollections of the glorious sights and enjoyments of its pre-existence4 ,water nourishes and purifies2 and the urn from which it flows was thought worthy to be a symbol of ,deity1 as of the ,osiris-,canobus who with living water irrigated the soil of ,egypt2 and also an emblem of ,hope that should cheer the dwellings of the dead4 ,the second birth of ,dionusos1 like the rising of ,osiris and ,atys from the dead1 and the raising of ,khurum1 is a type of the spiritual regeneration of man4 ,psyche 7the ,soul71 like ,ariadne1 had two lovers1 an earthly and an immortal one4 ,the immortal suitor is ,dionusos1 the ,eros-,phanes of the ,orphici1 gradually exalted by the progress of thought1 out of the symbol of ,sensuality into the torch-bearer of the ,nuptials of the ,gods2 the ,divine ,influence which physically called the world into being1 and which1 awakening the soul from its ,stygian trance1 restores it from earth to ,heaven4 ,thus the scientific theories of the ancients1 expounded in the ,mysteries1 as to the origin of the soul1 its descent1 its sojourn here below1 and its return1 were not a mere barren contemplation of the nature of the world1 and of the intelligent beings existing there4 ,they were not an idle speculation as to the order of the world1 and about the soul1 but a study of the means for arriving at the great object proposed1--the perfecting of the soul2 and1 as a necessary consequence1 that of morals and society4 ,this ,earth1 to them1 was not the ,soul's home1 but its place of exile4 ,heaven was its home1 and there was its birth-place4 ,to it1 it ought incessantly to turn its eyes4 ,man was not a terrestrial plant4 ,his roots were in ,heaven4 ,the soul had lost its wings1 clogged by the viscosity of matter4 ,it would recover them when it extricated itself from matter and commenced its upward flight4 ,matter being1 in their view1 as it was in that of ,st4 ,paul1 the principle of all the passions that trouble reason1 mislead the intelligence1 and stain the purity of the soul1 the ,mysteries taught man how to enfeeble the action of matter on the soul1 and to restore to the latter its natural dominion4 ,and lest the stains so contracted should continue after death1 lustrations were used1 fastings1 expiations1 macerations1 continence1 and above all1 initiations4 ,many of these practices were at first merely symbolical1--material signs indicating the moral purity required of the ,initiates2 but they afterward came to be regarded as actual productive causes of that purity4 ,the effect of initiation was meant to be the same as that of philosophy1 to purify the soul of its passions1 to weaken the empire of the body over the divine portion of man1 and to give him here below a happiness anticipatory of the felicity to be one day enjoyed by him1 and of the future vision by him of the ,divine ,beings4 ,and therefore ,proclus and the other ,platonists taught that the ,mysteries and initiations withdrew souls from this mortal and material life1 to re-unite them to the gods2 and dissipated for the adepts the shades of ignorance by the splendors of the ,deity4 ,such were the precious fruits of the last ,degree of the ,mystic ,science1--to see ,nature in her springs and sources1 and to become familiar with the causes of things and with real existences4 ,cicero says that the soul must exercise itself in the practice of the virtues1 if it would speedily return to its place of origin4 ,it should1 while imprisoned in the body1 free itself therefrom by the contemplation of superior beings1 and in some sort be divorced from the body and the senses4 ,those who remain enslaved1 subjugated by their passions and violating the sacred laws of religion and society1 will re-ascend to ,heaven1 only after they shall have been purified through a long succession of ages4 ,the ,initiate was required to emancipate himself from his passions1 and to free himself from the hindrances of the senses and of matter1 in order that he might rise to the contemplation of the ,deity1 or of that incorporeal and unchanging light in which live and subsist the causes of created natures4 ,we must1 says ,porphyry1 flee from everything sensual1 that the soul may with ease re-unite itself with ,god1 and live happily with ,him4 ,this is the great work of initiation1 says ,hierocles1--to recall the soul to what is truly good and beautiful1 and make it familiar therewith1 and they its own2 to deliver it from the pains and ills it endures here below1 enchained in matter as in a dark prison2 to facilitate its return to the celestial splendors1 and to establish it in the ,fortunate ,isles1 by restoring it to its first estate4 ,thereby1 when the hour of death arrives1 the soul1 freed of its mortal garmenting1 which it leaves behind it as a legacy to earth1 will rise buoyantly to its home among the ,stars1 there to re-take its ancient condition1 and approach toward the ,divine nature as far as man may do4 ,plutarch compares ,isis to knowledge1 and ,typhon to ignorance1 obscuring the light of the sacred doctrine whose blaze lights the soul of the ,initiate4 ,no gift of the gods1 he holds1 is so precious as the knowledge of the ,truth1 and that of the ,nature of the gods1 so far as our limited capacities allow us to rise toward them4 ,the ,valentinians termed initiation ,,light4 ,the ,initiate1 says ,psellus1 becomes an ,epopt1 when admitted to see ,,the ,,divine ,,lights4 ,clemens of ,alexandria1 imitating the language of an ,initiate in the ,mysteries of ,bacchus1 and inviting this ,initiate1 whom he terms blind like ,tiresias1 to come to see ,christ1 ,who will blaze upon his eyes with greater glory than the ,sun1 exclaims3 ,oh ,mysteries most truly holy6 ,oh pure ,light6 ,when the torch of the ,dadoukos gleams1 ,heaven and the ,deity are displayed to my eyes6 ,i am initiated1 and become holy6 ,this was the true object of initiation2 to be sanctified1 and ,,to ,,see1 that is1 to have just and faithful conceptions of the ,deity1 the knowledge of ,whom was ,,the ,,light of the ,mysteries4 ,it was promised the ,initiate at ,samothrace1 that he should become pure and just ,clemens says that by baptism1 souls are illuminated1 and led to the pure light with which mingles no darkness1 nor anything material4 ,the ,initiate1 become an ,epopt1 was called ,a ,,seer4 ,,hail1 ,,new-,,born ,,light6 the ,initiates cried in the ,mysteries of ,bacchus4 ,such was held to be the effect of complete initiation4 ,it lighted up the soul with rays from the ,divinity1 and became for it1 as it were1 the eye with which1 according to the ,pythagoreans1 it contemplates the field of ,truth2 in its mystical abstractions1 wherein it rises superior to the body1 whose action on it1 it annuls for the time1 to re-enter into itself1 so as entirely to occupy itself with the view of the ,divinity1 and the means of coming to resemble ,him4 ,thus enfeebling the dominion of the senses and the passions over the soul1 and as it were freeing the latter from a sordid slavery1 and by the steady practice of all the virtues1 active and contemplative1 our ancient brethren strove to fit themselves to return to the bosom of the ,deity4 ,let not our objects as ,masons fall below theirs4 ,we use the symbols which they used2 and teach the same great cardinal doctrines that they taught1 of the existence of an intellectual ,god1 and the immortality of the soul of man4 ,if the details of their doctrines as to the soul seem to us to verge on absurdity1 let us compare them with the common notions of our own day1 and be silent4 ,if it seems to us that they regarded the symbol in some cases as the thing symbolized1 and worshipped the sign as if it were itself ,deity1 let us reflect how insufficient are our own ideas of ,deity1 and how we worship those ideas and images formed and fashioned in our own minds1 and not the ,deity ,himself3 and if we are inclined to smile at the importance they attached to lustrations and fasts1 let us pause and inquire whether the same weakness of human nature does not exist to-day1 causing rites and ceremonies to be regarded as actively efficient for the salvation of souls4 ,and let us ever remember the words of an old writer1 with which we conclude this lecture3 ,it is a pleasure to stand on the shore1 and to see ships tossed upon the sea3 a pleasure to stand in the window of a castle1 and see a battle and the adventures thereof3 but no pleasure is comparable to the standing on the vantage-ground of ,,truth 7a hill not to be commanded1 and where the air is always clear and serene71 and to see the errors and wanderings1 and mists and tempests1 in the vale below2 so always that this prospect be with pity1 and not with swelling or pride4 ,certainly it is ,heaven upon ,earth to have a man's mind move in charity1 rest in ,providence1 ,,and ,,turn ,,upon ,,the ,,poles ,,of ,,truth4 ,,xxvi4 ,,prince ,,of ,,mercy1 ,,or ,,scottish ,,trinitarian4 ,while you were veiled in darkness1 you heard repeated by the ,voice of the ,great ,past its most ancient doctrines4 ,none has the right to object1 if the ,christian ,mason sees foreshadowed in ,chrishna and ,sosiosch1 in ,mithras and ,osiris1 the ,divine ,,word that1 as he believes1 became ,man1 and died upon the cross to redeem a fallen race4 ,nor can he object if others see reproduced1 in the ,,word of the beloved ,disciple1 that was in the beginning with ,god1 and that was ,god1 and by ,whom everything was made1 only the ,,logos of ,plato1 and the ,,word or ,uttered ,,thought or first ,emanation of ,,light1 or the ,perfect ,,reason of the ,great1 ,silent1 ,supreme1 ,uncreated ,deity1 believed in and adored by all4 ,we do not undervalue the importance of any ,truth4 ,we utter no word that can be deemed irreverent by any one of any faith4 ,we do not tell the ,moslem that it is only important for him to believe that there is but one ,god1 and wholly unessential whether ,mahomet was ,his prophet4 ,we do not tell the ,hebrew that the ,messiah whom he expects was born in ,bethlehem nearly two thousand years ago2 and that he is a heretic because he will not so believe4 ,and as little do we tell the sincere ,christian that ,jesus of ,nazareth was but a man like us1 or ,his history but the unreal revival of an older legend4 ,to do either is beyond our jurisdiction4 ,masonry1 of no one age1 belongs to all time2 of no one religion1 it finds its great truths in all4 ,to every ,mason1 there is a ,,god2 ,,one1 ,supreme1 ,infinite in ,goodness1 ,wisdom1 ,foresight1 ,justice1 and ,benevolence2 ,creator1 ,disposer1 and ,preserver of all things4 ,how1 or by what intermediates ,he creates and acts1 and in what way ,he unfolds and manifests ,himself1 ,masonry leaves to creeds and ,religions to inquire4 ,to every ,mason1 the soul of man is immortal4 ,whether it emanates from and will return to ,god1 and what its continued mode of existence hereafter1 each judges for himself4 ,masonry was not made to settle that4 ,to every ,mason1 ,,wisdom or ,,intelligence1 ,,force or ,,strength1 and ,,harmony1 or ,,fitness and ,,beauty1 are the ,trinity of the attributes of ,god4 ,with the subtleties of ,philosophy concerning them ,masonry does not meddle1 nor decide as to the reality of the supposed ,existences which are their ,personifications3 nor whether the ,christian ,trinity be such a personification1 or a ,reality of the gravest import and significance4 ,to every ,mason1 the ,infinite ,justice and ,benevolence of ,god give ample assurance that ,evil will ultimately be dethroned1 and the ,good1 the ,true1 and the ,beautiful reign triumphant and eternal4 ,it teaches1 as it feels and knows1 that ,evil1 and ,pain1 and ,sorrow exist as part of a wise and beneficent plan1 all the parts of which work together under ,god's eye to a result which shall be perfection4 ,whether the existence of evil is rightly explained in this creed or in that1 by ,typhon the ,great ,serpent1 by ,ahriman and his ,armies of ,wicked ,spirits1 by the ,giants and ,titans that war against ,heaven1 by the two co-existent ,principles of ,good and ,evil1 by ,satan's temptation and the fall of ,man1 by ,lok and the ,serpent ,fenris1 it is beyond the domain of ,masonry to decide1 nor does it need to inquire4 ,nor is it within its ,province to determine how the ultimate triumph of ,light and ,truth and ,good1 over ,darkness and ,error and ,evil1 is to be achieved2 nor whether the ,redeemer1 looked and longed for by all nations1 hath appeared in ,judea1 or is yet to come4 ,it reverences all the great reformers4 ,it sees in ,moses1 the ,lawgiver of the ,jews1 in ,confucius and ,zoroaster1 in ,jesus of ,nazareth1 and in the ,arabian ,iconoclast1 ,great ,teachers of ,morality1 and ,eminent ,reformers1 if no more3 and allows every brother of the ,order to assign to each such higher and even ,divine ,character as his ,creed and ,truth require4 ,thus ,masonry disbelieves no truth1 and teaches unbelief in no creed1 except so far as such creed may lower its lofty estimate of the ,deity1 degrade ,him to the level of the passions of humanity1 deny the high destiny of man1 impugn the goodness and benevolence of the ,supreme ,god1 strike at those great columns of ,masonry1 ,faith1 ,hope1 and ,charity1 or inculcate immorality1 and disregard of the active duties of the ,order4 ,masonry is a worship2 but one in which all civilized men can unite2 for it does not undertake to explain or dogmatically to settle those great mysteries1 that are above the feeble comprehension of our human intellect4 ,it trusts in ,god1 and ,,hopes2 it ,,believes1 like a child1 and is humble4 ,it draws no sword to compel others to adopt its belief1 or to be happy with its hopes ,and it ,,waits with patience to understand the mysteries of ,nature and ,nature's ,god hereafter4 ,the greatest mysteries in the ,universe are those which are ever going on around us2 so trite and common to us that we never note them nor reflect upon them4 ,wise men tell us of the laws that regulate the motions of the spheres1 which1 flashing in huge circles and spinning on their axes1 are also ever darting with inconceivable rapidity through the infinities of ,space2 while we atoms sit here1 and dream that all was made for us4 ,they tell us learnedly of centripetal and centrifugal forces1 gravity and attraction1 and all the other sounding terms invented to hide a want of meaning4 ,there are other forces in the ,universe than those that are mechanical4 ,here are two minute seeds1 not much unlike in appearance1 and two of larger size4 ,hand them to the learned ,pundit1 ,chemistry1 who tells us how combustion goes on in the lungs1 and plants are fed with phosphorus and carbon1 and the alkalies and silex4 ,let her decompose them1 analyze them1 torture them in all the ways she knows4 ,the net result of each is a little sugar1 a little fibrin1 a little water--carbon1 potassium1 sodium1 and the like--one cares not to know what4 ,we hide them in the ground3 and the slight rains moisten them1 and the ,sun shines upon them1 and little slender shoots spring up and grow2--and what a miracle is the mere growth6--the force1 the power1 the capacity by which the little feeble shoot1 that a small worm can nip off with a single snap of its mandibles1 extracts from the earth and air and water the different elements1 so learnedly catalogued1 with which it increases in stature1 and rises imperceptibly toward the sky4 ,one grows to be a slender1 fragile1 feeble stalk1 soft of texture1 like an ordinary weed2 another a strong bush1 of woody fibre1 armed with thorns1 and sturdy enough to bid defiance to the winds3 the third a tender tree1 subject to be blighted by the frost1 and looked down upon by all the forest2 while another spreads its rugged arms abroad1 and cares for neither frost nor ice1 nor the snows that for months lie around its roots4 ,but lo6 out of the brown foul earth1 and colorless invisible air1 and limpid rain-water1 the chemistry of the seeds has extracted colors--four different shades of green1 that paint the leaves which put forth in the spring upon our plants1 our shrubs1 and our trees4 ,later still come the flowers--the vivid colors of the rose1 the beautiful brilliance of the carnation1 the modest blush of the apple1 and the splendid white of the orange4 ,whence come the colors of the leaves and flowers8 ,by what process of chemistry are they extracted from the carbon1 the phosphorus1 and the lime8 ,is it any greater miracle to make something out of nothing8 ,pluck the flowers4 ,inhale the delicious perfumes2 each perfect1 and all delicious4 ,whence have they come8 ,by what combination of acids and alkalies could the chemist's laboratory produce them8 ,and now on two comes the fruit--the ruddy apple and the golden orange4 ,pluck them--open them6 ,the texture and fabric how totally different6 ,the taste how entirely dissimilar--the perfume of each distinct from its flower and from the other4 ,whence the taste and this new perfume8 ,the same earth and air and water have been made to furnish a different taste to each fruit1 a different perfume not only to each fruit1 but to each fruit and its own flower4 ,is it any more a problem whence come thought and will and perception and all the phenomena of the mind1 than this1 whence come the colors1 the perfumes1 the taste1 of the fruit and flower8 ,and lo6 in each fruit new seeds1 each gifted with the same wondrous power of reproduction--each with the same wondrous forces wrapped up in it to be again in turn evolved4 ,forces that had lived three thousand years in the grain of wheat found in the wrappings of an ,egyptian mummy2 forces of which learning and science and wisdom know no more than they do of the nature and laws of action of ,god4 ,what can we know of the nature1 and how can we understand the powers and mode of operation of the human soul1 when the glossy leaves1 the pearl-white flower1 and the golden fruit of the orange are miracles wholly beyond our comprehension8 ,we but hide our ignorance in a cloud of words2--and the words too often are mere combinations of sounds without any meaning4 ,what is the centrifugal force8 ,a tendency to go in a particular direction6 ,what external force1 then1 produces that tendency8 ,what force draws the needle round to the north8 ,what force moves the muscle that raises the arm1 when the will determines it shall rise8 ,whence comes the will itself8 ,is it spontaneous--a first cause1 or an effect8 ,these too are miracles2 inexplicable as the creation1 or the existence and self-existence of ,god4 ,who will explain to us the passion1 the peevishness1 the anger1 the memory1 and affections of the small canary-wren8 the consciousness of identity and the dreams of the dog8 the reasoning powers of the elephant8 the wondrous instincts1 passions1 government1 and civil policy1 and modes of communication of ideas of the ant and bee8 ,who has yet made us to understand1 with all his learned words1 how heat comes to us from the ,sun1 and light from the remote ,stars1 setting out upon its journey earth-ward from some1 at the time the ,chaldeans commenced to build the ,tower of ,babel8 ,or how the image of an external object comes to and fixes itself upon the retina of the eye2 and when there1 how that mere empty1 unsubstantial image becomes transmuted into the wondrous thing that we call ,,sight8 ,or how the waves of the atmosphere striking upon the tympanum of the ear--those thin1 invisible waves--produce the equally wondrous phenomenon of ,,hearing1 and become the roar of the tornado1 the crash of the thunder1 the mighty voice of the ocean1 the chirping of the cricket1 the delicate sweet notes and exquisite trills and variations of the wren and mocking-bird1 or the magic melody of the instrument of ,paganini8 ,our senses are mysteries to us1 and we are mysteries to ourselves4 ,philosophy has taught us nothing as to the nature of our sensations1 our perceptions1 our cognizances1 the origin of our thoughts and ideas1 but words4 ,by no effort or degree of reflection1 never so long continued1 can man become conscious of a personal identity in himself1 separate and distinct from his body and his brain4 ,we torture ourselves in the effort to gain an idea of ourselves1 and weary with the exertion4 ,who has yet made us understand how1 from the contact with a foreign body1 the image in the eye1 the wave of air impinging on the ear1 particular particles entering the nostrils1 and coining in contact with the palate1 come sensations in the nerves1 and from that1 perception in the mind1 of the animal or the man8 ,what do we know of ,substance8 ,men even doubt yet whether it exists4 ,philosophers tell us that our senses make known to us only the attributes of substance1 extension1 hardness1 color1 and the like2 but not the thing itself that is extended1 solid1 black or white2 as we know the attributes of the ,soul1 its thoughts and its perceptions1 and not the ,soul itself which perceives and thinks4 ,what a wondrous mystery is there in heat and light1 existing1 we know not how1 within certain limits1 narrow in comparison with infinity1 beyond which on every side stretch out infinite space and the blackness of unimaginable darkness1 and the intensity of inconceivable cold6 ,think only of the mighty ,power required to maintain warmth and light in the central point of such an infinity1 to whose darkness that of ,midnight1 to whose cold that of the last ,arctic ,island is nothing4 ,and yet ,,god is everywhere4 ,and what a mystery are the effects of heat and cold upon the wondrous fluid that we call water6 ,what a mystery lies hidden in every flake of snow and in every crystal of ice1 and in their final transformation into the invisible vapor that rises from the ocean or the land1 and floats above the summits of the mountains6 ,what a multitude of wonders1 indeed1 has chemistry unveiled to our eyes6 ,think only that if some single law enacted by ,god were at once repealed1 that of attraction or affinity or cohesion1 for example1 the whole material world1 with its solid granite and adamant1 its veins of gold and silver1 its trap and porphyry1 its huge beds of coal1 our own frames and the very ribs and bones of this apparently indestructible earth1 would instantaneously dissolve1 with all ,suns and ,stars and ,worlds throughout all the ,universe of ,god1 into a thin invisible vapor of infinitely minute particles or atoms1 diffused throughout infinite space2 and with them light and heat would disappear2 unless the ,deity ,himself be1 as the ,ancient ,persians thought1 the ,eternal ,light and the ,immortal ,fire4 ,the mysteries of the ,great ,universe of ,god6 ,how can we with our limited mental vision expect to grasp and comprehend them6 ,infinite ,,space1 stretching out from us every way1 without limit3 infinite ,,time1 without beginning or end2 and ,,we1 ,,here1 and ,,now1 in the centre of each6 ,an infinity of suns1 the nearest of which only diminish in size1 viewed with the most powerful telescope3 each with its retinue of worlds2 infinite numbers of such suns1 so remote from us that their light would not reach us1 journeying during an infinity of time1 while the light that has reached us1 from some that we seem to see1 has been upon its journey for fifty centuries3 our world spinning upon its axis1 and rushing ever in its circuit round the sun2 and it1 the sun1 and all our system revolving round some great central point2 and that1 and suns1 stars1 and worlds evermore flashing onward with incredible rapidity through illimitable space3 and then1 in every drop of water that we drink1 in every morsel of much of our food1 in the air1 in the earth1 in the sea1 incredible multitudes of living creatures1 invisible to the naked eye1 of a minuteness beyond belief1 yet organized1 living1 feeding1 perhaps with consciousness of identity1 and memory and instinct4 ,such are some of the mysteries of the great ,universe of ,god4 ,and yet we1 whose life and that of the world on which we live form but a point in the centre of infinite ,time3 we1 who nourish animalcul within1 and on whom vegetables grow without1 would fain learn how ,god created this ,universe1 would understand ,his ,powers1 ,his ,attributes1 ,his ,emanations1 ,his ,mode of ,existence and of ,action2 would fain know the plan according to which all events proceed1 that plan profound as ,god ,himself2 would know the laws by which ,he controls ,his ,universe2 would fain see and talk to ,him face to face1 as man talks to man3 and we try not to believe1 because we do not understand4 ,he commands us to love one another1 to love our neighbor as ourself2 and we dispute and wrangle1 and hate and slay each other1 because we cannot be of one opinion as to the ,essence of ,his ,nature1 as to ,his ,attributes2 whether ,he became man born of a woman1 and was crucified2 whether the ,holy ,ghost is of the same substance with the ,father1 or only of a similar substance2 whether a feeble old man is ,god's ,vicegerent2 whether some are elected from all eternity to be saved1 and others to be condemned and punished2 whether punishment of the wicked after death is to be eternal2 whether this doctrine or the other be heresy or truth2--drenching the world with blood1 depopulating realms1 and turning fertile lands into deserts2 until1 for religious war1 persecution1 and bloodshed1 the ,earth for many a century has rolled round the ,sun1 a charnel-house1 steaming and reeking with human gore1 the blood of brother slain by brother for opinion's sake1 that has soaked into and polluted all her veins1 and made her a horror to her sisters of the ,universe4 ,and if men were all ,masons1 and obeyed with all their heart her mild and gentle teachings1 that world would be a paradise2 while intolerance and persecution make of it a hell4 ,for this is the ,masonic ,creed3 ,,believe1 in ,god's ,infinite ,benevolence1 ,wisdom1 and ,justice3 ,,hope1 for the final triumph of ,good over ,evil1 and for ,perfect ,harmony as the final result of all the concords and discords of the ,universe3 and be ,,charitable as ,god is1 toward the unfaith1 the errors1 the follies1 and the faults of men3 for all make one great brotherhood4 ,,instruction4 ,sen4 ,w4 ,brother ,junior ,warden1 are you a ,prince of ,mercy8 ,jun4 ,w4 ,i have seen the ,delta and the ,,holy ,,names upon it1 and am an ,,ameth like yourself1 in the ,,triple ,,covenant1 of which we bear the mark4 ,qu ,what is the first ,word upon the ,delta8 ,ans ,the ,ineffable ,name of ,deity1 the true mystery of which is known to the ,ameth alone4 ,qu ,what do the three sides of the ,delta denote to us8 ,ans ,to us1 and to all ,masons1 the three ,great ,attributes or ,developments of the ,essence of the ,deity2 ,,wisdom1 or the ,reflective and ,designing ,power1 in which1 when there was naught but ,god1 the ,plan and ,idea of the ,universe was shaped and formed3 ,,force1 or the ,executing and ,creating ,power1 which instantaneously acting1 realized the ,type and ,idea framed by ,wisdom2 and the ,universe1 and all ,stars and ,worlds1 and ,light and ,life1 and ,men and ,angels and all living creatures ,,were2 and ,,harmony1 or the ,preserving ,power1 ,order1 and ,beauty1 maintaining the ,universe in its ,state1 and constituting the law of ,harmony1 ,motion1 ,proportion1 and ,progression3--,,wisdom1 which thought the plan2 ,,strength1 which created3 ,,harmony1 which upholds and preserves3--the ,masonic ,trinity1 three ,powers and one ,essence3 the three columns which support the ,universe1 ,physical1 ,intellectual1 and ,spiritual1 of which every ,masonic ,lodge is a type and symbol3--while to the ,christian ,mason1 they represent the ,three that bear record in ,heaven1 the ,,father1 the ,,word1 and the ,,holy ,,spirit1 which three are ,,one4 ,qu ,what do the three ,greek letters upon the ,delta1 ,iota1 ,eta1 and ,sigma represent8 ,ans ,three of the ,names of the ,supreme ,deity among the ,syrians1 ,phoenicians1 and ,hebrews 444 ,,ihuh ,hebrew3 2 ,self-,existence 444 ,,al ,hebrew3 3 the ,nature-,god1 or ,soul of the ,universe 444 ,,shadai ,hebrew3 ,supreme ,power4 ,also three of the ,six ,chief ,attributes of ,god1 among the ,kabbalists3--,,wisdom ,,ieh1 the ,intellect1 7,greek3 7 of the ,egyptians1 the ,word 7,greek3 7 of the ,platonists1 and the ,wisdom 7,greek3 7 of the ,gnostics3 444 ,,magnificence ,,al1 the ,symbol of which was the ,lion's ,head3 444 and ,,victory and ,,glory ,tsabaoth1 which are the two columns ,,jachin and ,,boaz1 that stand in the ,portico of the ,temple of ,masonry4 ,to the ,christian ,mason they are the first three letters of the name of the ,son of ,god1 ,who died upon the cross to redeem mankind4 ,qu ,what is the first of the ,,three ,,covenants1 of which we bear the mark8 ,ans ,that which ,god made with ,noah2 when ,he said1 ,i will not again curse the earth any more for man's sake1 neither will ,i smite any more everything living as ,i have done4 ,while the ,earth remaineth1 seed-time and harvest1 and cold and heat1 and ,winter and ,summer1 and day and night shall not cease4 ,i will establish ,my covenant with you1 and with your seed after you1 and with every living creature4 ,all mankind shall no more be cut off by the waters of a flood1 nor shall there any more be a flood to destroy the earth4 ,this is the token of ,my covenant3 ,i do set ,my bow in the cloud1 and it shall be for a token of a covenant between ,me and the earth3 an everlasting covenant between ,me and every living creature on the earth4 ,qu ,what is the second of the ,three ,covenants8 ,ans ,that which ,god made with ,abraham2 when ,he said1 ,i am the ,absolute ,uncreated ,god4 ,i will make ,my covenant between ,me and thee1 and thou shalt be the ,father of ,many ,nations1 and ,kings shall come from thy loins4 ,i will establish ,my covenant between ,me and thee1 and thy descendants after thee1 to the remotest generations1 for an everlasting covenant2 and ,i will be thy ,god and their ,god1 and will give thee the land of ,canaan for an everlasting possession4 ,qu ,what is the third ,covenant8 ,ans ,that which ,god made with all men by ,his prophets2 when ,he said3 ,i will gather all nations and tongues1 and they shall come and see ,my ,glory4 ,i will create new ,heavens and a new earth2 and the former shall not be remembered1 nor come into mind4 ,the ,sun shall no more shine by day1 nor the ,moon by night2 but the ,lord shall be an everlasting light and splendor4 ,his ,spirit and ,his ,word shall remain with men forever4 ,the heavens shall vanish away like vapor1 and the earth shall wax old like a garment1 and they that dwell therein shall die2 but my salvation shall be forever1 and my righteousness shall not end2 and there shall be ,light among the ,gentiles1 and salvation unto the ends of the earth4 ,the redeemed of the ,lord shall return1 and everlasting joy be on their heads1 and sorrow and mourning shall flee away4 ,qu ,what is the symbol of the ,triple ,covenant8 ,ans ,the ,triple ,triangle4 ,qu ,of what else is it the symbol to us8 ,ans ,of the ,trinity of ,attributes of the ,deity2 and of the triple essence of ,man1 the ,principle of ,life1 the ,intellectual ,power1 and the ,soul or ,immortal ,emanation from the ,deity4 ,qu ,what is the first great ,truth of the ,sacred ,mysteries8 ,ans ,no man hath seen ,god at any time4 ,he is ,one1 ,eternal1 ,all-,powerful1 ,all-,wise1 ,infinitely ,just1 ,merciful1 ,benevolent1 and ,compassionate1 ,creator and ,preserver of all things1 the ,source of ,light and ,life1 coextensive with ,time and ,space2 ,who thought1 and with the ,thought created the ,universe and all living things1 and the souls of men3 ,,that ,,is3--the ,,permanent2 while everything beside is a perpetual genesis4 ,qu ,what is the second great ,truth of the ,sacred ,mysteries8 ,ans ,the ,soul of ,man is ,immortal2 not the result of organization1 nor an aggregate of modes of action of matter1 nor a succession of phenomena and perceptions2 but an ,,existence1 one and identical1 a living spirit1 a spark of the ,great ,central ,light1 that hath entered into and dwells in the body2 to be separated therefrom at death1 and return to ,god who gave it3 that doth not disperse nor vanish at death1 like breath or a smoke1 nor can be annihilated2 but still exists and possesses activity and intelligence1 even as it existed in ,god1 before it was enveloped in the body4 ,qu ,what is the third great ,truth in ,masonry8 ,ans ,the impulse which directs to right conduct1 and deters from crime1 is not only older than the ages of nations and cities1 but coeval with that ,divine ,being ,who sees and rules both ,heaven and earth4 ,nor did ,tarquin less violate that ,eternal ,law1 though in his reign there might have been no written law at ,rome against such violence2 for the principle that impels us to right conduct1 and warns us against guilt1 springs out of the nature of things4 ,it did not begin to be law when it was first written1 nor was it originated2 but it is coeval with the ,divine ,intelligence itself4 ,the consequence of virtue is not to be made the end thereof3 and laudable performances must have deeper roots1 motives and instigations1 to give them the stamp of virtues4 ,qu ,what is the fourth great ,truth in ,masonry8 ,ans ,the moral truths are as absolute as the metaphysical truths4 ,even the ,deity cannot make it that there should be effects without a cause1 or phenomena without substance4 ,as little could ,he make it to be sinful and evil to respect our pledged word1 to love truth1 to moderate our passions4 ,the principles of ,morality are axioms1 like the principles of ,geometry4 ,the moral laws are the necessary relations that flow from the nature of things1 and they are not created by1 but have existed eternally in ,god4 ,their continued existence does not depend upon the exercise of ,his ,,will4 ,truth and ,justice are of ,his ,,essence4 ,not because we are feeble and ,god omnipotent1 is it our duty to obey ,his law4 ,we may be forced1 but are not under obligation1 to obey the stronger4 ,god is the principle of ,morality1 but not by ,his mere will1 which1 abstracted from all other of ,his attributes1 would be neither just nor unjust4 ,good is the expression of ,his will1 in so far as that will is itself the expression of eternal1 absolute1 uncreated justice1 which is in ,god1 which ,his will did not create2 but which it executes and promulgates1 as our will proclaims and promulgates and executes the idea of the good which is in us4 ,he has given us the law of ,truth and ,justice2 but ,he has not arbitrarily instituted that law4 ,justice is inherent in ,his will1 because it is contained in ,his intelligence and wisdom1 in ,his very nature and most intimate essence4 ,qu ,what is the fifth great ,truth in ,masonry8 ,ans ,there is an essential distinction between ,good and ,evil1 what is just and what is unjust2 and to this distinction is attached1 for every intelligent and free creature1 the absolute obligation of conforming to what is good and just4 ,man is an intelligent and free being1--free1 because he is conscious that it is his duty1 and because it is made his duty1 to obey the dictates of truth and justice1 and therefore he must necessarily have the power of doing so1 which involves the power of not doing so2--capable of comprehending the distinction between good and evil1 justice and injustice1 and the obligation which accompanies it1 and of naturally adhering to that obligation1 independently of any contract or positive law2 capable also of resisting the temptations which urge him toward evil and injustice1 and of complying with the sacred law of eternal justice4 ,that man is not governed by a resistless ,fate or inexorable ,destiny2 but is free to choose between the evil and the good3 that ,justice and ,right1 the ,good and ,beautiful1 are of the essence of the ,divinity1 like ,his ,infinitude2 and therefore they are laws to man3 that we are conscious of our freedom to act1 as we are conscious of our identity1 and the continuance and connectedness of our existence2 and have the same evidence of one as of the other2 and if we can put one in doubt1 we have no certainty of either1 and everything is unreal3 that we can deny our free will and free agency1 only upon the ground that they are in the nature of things impossible2 which would be to deny the ,omnipotence of ,god4 ,qu ,what is the sixth great ,truth of ,masonry8 ,ans ,the necessity of practising the moral truths1 is obligation4 ,the moral truths1 necessary in the eye of reason1 are obligatory on the will4 ,the moral obligation1 like the moral truth that is its foundation1 is absolute4 ,as the necessary truths are not more or less necessary1 so the obligation is not more or less obligatory4 ,there are degrees of importance among different obligations2 but none in the obligation itself4 ,we are not nearly obliged1 almost obliged4 ,we are wholly so1 or not at all4 ,if there be any place of refuge to which we can escape from the obligation1 it ceases to exist4 ,if the obligation is absolute1 it is immutable and universal4 ,for if that of to-day may not be that of to-morrow1 if what is obligatory on me may not be obligatory on you1 the obligation would differ from itself1 and be variable and contingent4 ,this fact is the principle of all morality4 ,that every act contrary to right and justice1 deserves to be repressed by force1 and punished when committed1 equally in the absence of any law or contract3 that man naturally recognizes the distinction between the merit and demerit of actions1 as he does that between justice and injustice1 honesty and dishonesty2 and feels1 without being taught1 and in the absence of law or contract1 that it is wrong for vice to be rewarded or go unpunished1 and for virtue to be punished or left unrewarded3 and that1 the ,deity being infinitely just and good1 it must follow as a necessary and inflexible law that punishment shall be the result of ,sin1 its inevitable and natural effect and corollary1 and not a mere arbitrary vengeance4 ,qu ,what is the seventh great ,truth in ,masonry8 ,ans ,the immutable law of ,god requires1 that besides respecting the absolute rights of others1 and being merely just1 we should do good1 be charitable1 and obey the dictates of the generous and noble sentiments of the soul4 ,charity is a law1 because our conscience is not satisfied nor at ease if we have not relieved the suffering1 the distressed1 and the destitute4 ,it is to give that which he to whom you give has no right to take or demand4 ,to be charitable is obligatory on us4 ,we are the ,almoners of ,god's bounties4 ,but the obligation is not so precise and inflexible as the obligation to be just4 ,charity knows neither rule nor limit4 ,it goes beyond all obligation4 ,its beauty consists in its liberty4 ,he that loveth not1 knoweth not ,god2 ,,for ,,god ,,is ,,love4 ,if we love one another1 ,god dwelleth in us1 and ,his love is perfected in us4 ,god is love2 and he that dwelleth in love1 dwelleth in ,god1 and ,god in him4 ,to be kindly affectioned one to another with brotherly love2 to relieve the necessities of the needy1 and be generous1 liberal1 and hospitable2 to return to no man evil for evil2 to rejoice at the good fortune of others1 and sympathize with them in their sorrows and reverses2 to live peaceably with all men1 and repay injuries with benefits and kindness2 these are the sublime dictates of the ,moral ,law1 taught from the infancy of the world1 by ,masonry4 ,qu ,what is the eighth great ,truth in ,masonry8 ,ans ,that the laws which control and regulate the ,universe of ,god1 are those of motion and harmony4 ,we see only the isolated incidents of things1 and with our feeble and limited capacity and vision cannot discern their connection1 nor the mighty chords that make the apparent discord perfect harmony4 ,evil is merely apparent1 and all is in reality good and perfect4 ,for pain and sorrow1 persecution and hardships1 affliction and destitution1 sickness and death are but the means1 by which alone the noblest virtues could be developed4 ,without them1 and without sin and error1 and wrong and outrage1 as there can be no effect without an adequate cause1 there could be neither patience under suffering and distress2 nor prudence in difficulty2 nor temperance to avoid excess2 nor courage to meet danger2 nor truth1 when to speak the truth is hazardous2 nor love1 when it is met with ingratitude2 nor charity for the needy and destitute2 nor forbearance and forgiveness of injuries2 nor toleration of erroneous opinions2 nor charitable judgment and construction of men's motives and actions2 nor patriotism1 nor heroism1 nor honor1 nor self-denial1 nor generosity4 ,these and most other virtues and excellencies would have no existence1 and even their names be unknown2 and the poor virtues that still existed1 would scarce deserve the name2 for life would be one flat1 dead1 low level1 above which none of the lofty elements of human nature would emerge2 and man would lie lapped in contented indolence and idleness1 a mere worthless negative1 instead of the brave1 strong soldier against the grim legions of ,evil and rude ,difficulty4 ,qu ,what is the ninth great ,truth in ,masonry8 ,ans ,the great leading doctrine of this ,degree2--that the ,,justice1 the ,,wisdom1 and the ,,mercy of ,god are alike infinite1 alike perfect1 and yet do not in the least jar nor conflict one with the other2 but form a ,great ,perfect ,trinity of ,attributes1 three and yet one3 that1 the principle of merit and demerit being absolute1 and every good action deserving to be rewarded1 and every bad one to be punished1 and ,god being as just as ,he is good2 and yet the cases constantly recurring in this world1 in which crime and cruelty1 oppression1 tyranny1 and injustice are prosperous1 happy1 fortunate1 and self-contented1 and rule and reign1 and enjoy all the blessings of ,god's beneficence1 while the virtuous and good are unfortunate1 miserable1 destitute1 pining away in dungeons1 perishing with cold1 and famishing with hunger1 slaves of oppression1 and instruments and victims of the miscreants that govern2 so that this world1 if there were no existence beyond it1 would be one great theatre of wrong and injustice1 proving ,god wholly disregardful of ,his own necessary law of merit and demerit2--it follows that there must be another life in which these apparent wrongs shall be repaired2 ,that all the powers of man's soul tend to infinity2 and his indomitable instinct of immortality1 and the universal hope of another life1 testified by all creeds1 all poetry1 all traditions1 establish its certainty2 for man is not an orphan2 but hath a ,father near at hand3 and the day must come when ,light and ,truth1 and the ,just and ,good shall be victorious1 and ,darkness1 ,error1 ,wrong1 and ,evil be annihilated1 and known no more forever3 ,that the ,universe is one great ,harmony1 in which1 according to the faith of all nations1 deep-rooted in all hearts in the primitive ages1 ,light will ultimately prevail over ,darkness1 and the ,good ,principle over the ,evil3 and the myriad souls that have emanated from the ,divinity1 purified and ennobled by the struggle here below1 will again return to perfect bliss in the bosom of ,god to offend against ,whose laws will then be no longer possible4 ,qu ,what1 then1 is the one great lesson taught to us1 as ,masons1 in this ,degree8 ,ans ,that to that state and realm of ,light and ,truth and ,perfection1 which is absolutely certain1 all the good men on earth are tending2 and if there is a law from whose operation none are exempt1 which inevitably conveys their bodies to darkness and to dust1 there is another not less certain nor less powerful1 which conducts their spirits to that state of ,happiness and ,splendor and ,perfection1 the bosom of their ,father and their ,god4 ,the wheels of ,nature are not made to roll backward4 ,everything presses on to ,eternity4 ,from the birth of ,time an impetuous current has set in1 which bears all the sons of men toward that interminable ocean4 ,meanwhile1 ,heaven is attracting to itself whatever is congenial to its nature1 is enriching itself by the spoils of the ,earth1 and collecting within its capacious bosom whatever is pure1 permanent1 and divine1 leaving nothing for the last fire to consume but the gross matter that creates concupiscence2 while everything fit for that good fortune shall be gathered and selected from the ruins of the world1 to adorn that ,eternal ,city4 ,let every ,mason then obey the voice that calls him thither4 ,let us seek the things that are above1 and be not content with a world that must shortly perish1 and which we must speedily quit1 while we neglect to prepare for that in which we are invited to dwell forever4 ,while everything within us and around us reminds us of the approach of death1 and concurs to teach us that this is not our rest1 let us hasten our preparations for another world1 and earnestly implore that help and strength from our ,father1 which alone can put an end to that fatal war which our desires have too long waged with our destiny4 ,when these move in the same direction1 and that which ,god's will renders unavoidable shall become our choice1 all things will be ours2 life will be divested of its vanity1 and death disarmed of its terrors4 ,qu ,what are the symbols of the purification necessary to make us perfect ,masons8 ,ans ,lavation with pure water1 or baptism2 because to cleanse the body is emblematical of purifying the soul2 and because it conduces to the bodily health1 and virtue is the health of the soul1 as sin and vice are its malady and sickness3--unction1 or anointing with oil2 because thereby we are set apart and dedicated to the service and priesthood of the ,beautiful1 the ,true1 and the ,good3--and robes of white1 emblems of candor1 purity1 and truth4 ,qu ,what is to us the chief symbol of man's ultimate redemption and regeneration8 ,ans ,the fraternal supper1 of bread which nourishes1 and of wine which refreshes and exhilarates1 symbolical of the time which is to come1 when all mankind shall be one great harmonious brotherhood2 and teaching us these great lessons3 that as matter changes ever1 but no single atom is annihilated1 it is not rational to suppose that the far nobler soul does not continue to exist beyond the grave3 that many thousands who have died before us might claim to be joint owners with ourselves of the particles that compose our mortal bodies2 for matter ever forms1 new combinations2 and the bodies of the ancient dead1 the patriarchs before and since the flood1 the kings and common people of all ages1 resolved into their constituent elements1 are carried upon the wind over all continents1 and continually enter into and form part of the habitations of new souls1 creating new bonds of sympathy and brotherhood between each man that lives and all his race4 ,and thus1 in the bread we eat1 and in the wine we drink to-night may enter into and form part of us the identical particles of matter that once formed parts of the material bodies called ,moses1 ,confucius1 ,plato1 ,socrates1 or ,jesus of ,nazareth4 ,in the truest sense1 we eat and drink the bodies of the dead2 and cannot say that there is a single atom of our blood or body1 the ownership of which some other soul might not dispute with us4 ,it teaches us also the infinite beneficence of ,god who sends us seed-time and harvest1 each in its season1 and makes ,his showers to fall and ,his sun to shine alike upon the evil and the good3 bestowing upon us unsolicited ,his innumerable blessings1 and asking no return4 ,for there are no angels stationed upon the watch-towers of creation to call the world to prayer and sacrifice2 but ,he bestows ,his benefits in silence1 like a kind friend who comes at night1 and1 leaving his gifts at the door1 to be found by us in the morning1 goes quietly away and asks no thanks1 nor ceases his kind offices for our ingratitude4 ,and thus the bread and wine teach us that our ,mortal ,body is no more ,,we than the house in which we live1 or the garments that we wear2 but the ,soul is ,i1 the ,,one1 identical1 unchangeable1 immortal emanation from the ,deity1 to return to ,god and be forever happy1 in ,his good time2 as our mortal bodies1 dissolving1 return to the elements from which they came1 their particles coming and going ever in perpetual genesis4 ,to our ,jewish ,brethren1 this supper is symbolical of the ,passover3 to the ,christian ,mason1 of that eaten by ,christ and ,his ,disciples when1 celebrating the ,passover1 ,he broke bread and gave it to them1 saying1 ,take6 eat6 this is ,my body2 and giving them the cup1 ,he said1 ,drink ye all of it6 for this is ,my blood of the ,new ,testament1 which is shed for many for the remission of sins2 thus symbolizing the perfect harmony and union between ,himself and the faithful2 and ,his death upon the cross for the salvation of man4 ,the history of ,masonry is the history of ,philosophy4 ,masons do not pretend to set themselves up for instructors of the human race3 but1 though ,asia produced and preserved the ,mysteries1 ,masonry has1 in ,europe and ,america1 given regularity to their doctrines1 spirit1 and action1 and developed the moral advantages which mankind may reap from them4 ,more consistent1 and more simple in its mode of procedure1 it has put an end to the vast allegorical pantheon of ancient mythologies1 and itself become a science4 ,none can deny that ,christ taught a lofty morality4 ,love one another3 forgive those that despitefully use you and persecute you3 be pure of heart1 meek1 humble1 contented3 lay not up riches on earth1 but in ,heaven3 submit to the powers lawfully over you3 become like these little children1 or ye cannot be saved1 for of such is the ,kingdom of ,heaven3 forgive the repentant2 and cast no stone at the sinner1 if you too have sinned3 do unto others as ye would have others do unto you3 such1 and not abstruse questions of theology1 were ,his simple and sublime teachings4 ,the early ,christians followed in ,his footsteps4 ,the first preachers of the faith had no thought of domination4 ,entirely animated by ,his saying1 that he among them should be first1 who should serve with the greatest devotion1 they were humble1 modest1 and charitable1 and they knew how to communicate this spirit of the inner man to the churches under their direction4 ,these churches were at first but spontaneous meetings of all ,christians inhabiting the same locality4 ,a pure and severe morality1 mingled with religious enthusiasm1 was the characteristic of each1 and excited the admiration even of their persecutors4 ,everything was in common among them2 their property1 their joys1 and their sorrows4 ,in the silence of night they met for instruction and to pray together4 ,their love-feasts1 or fraternal repasts1 ended these reunions1 in which all differences in social position and rank were effaced in the presence of a paternal ,divinity4 ,their sole object was to make men better1 by bringing them back to a simple worship1 of which universal morality was the basis2 and to end those numerous and cruel sacrifices which everywhere inundated with blood the altars of the gods4 ,thus did ,christianity reform the world1 and obey the teachings of its founder4 ,it gave to woman her proper rank and influence2 it regulated domestic life2 and by admitting the slaves to the love-feasts1 it by degrees raised them above that oppression under which half of mankind had groaned for ages4 ,this1 in its purity1 as taught by ,christ ,himself1 was the true primitive religion1 as communicated by ,god to the ,patriarchs4 ,it was no new religion1 but the reproduction of the oldest of all2 and its true and perfect morality is the morality of ,masonry1 as is the morality of every creed of antiquity4 ,in the early days of ,christianity1 there was an initiation like those of the pagans4 ,persons were admitted on special conditions only4 ,to arrive at a complete knowledge of the doctrine1 they had to pass three degrees of instruction4 ,the initiates were consequently divided into three classes2 the first1 ,auditors1 the second1 ,catechumens1 and the third1 the ,faithful4 ,the ,auditors were a sort of novices1 who were prepared by certain ceremonies and certain instruction to receive the dogmas of ,christianity4 ,a portion of these dogmas was made known to the ,catechumens2 who1 after particular purifications1 received baptism1 or the initiation of the theogenesis 7divine generation72 but in the grand mysteries of that religion1 the incarnation1 nativity1 passion1 and resurrection of ,christ1 none were initiated but the ,faithful4 ,these doctrines1 and the celebration of the ,holy ,sacraments1 particularly the ,eucharist1 were kept with profound secrecy4 ,these ,mysteries were divided into two parts2 the first styled the ,mass of the ,catechumens2 the second1 the ,mass of the ,faithful4 ,the celebration of the ,mysteries of ,mithras was also styled a mass2 and the ceremonies used were the same4 ,there were found all the sacraments of the ,catholic ,church1 even the breath of confirmation4 ,the ,priest of ,mithras promised the ,initiates deliverance from sin1 by means of confession and baptism1 and a future life of happiness or misery4 ,he celebrated the oblation of bread1 image of the resurrection4 ,the baptism of newly-born children1 extreme unction1 confession of sins1--all belonged to the ,mithriac rites4 ,the candidate was purified by a species of baptism1 a mark was impressed upon his forehead1 he offered bread and water1 pronouncing certain mysterious words4 ,during the persecutions in the early ages of ,christianity1 the ,christians took refuge in the vast catacombs which stretched for miles in every direction under the city of ,rome1 and are supposed to have been of ,etruscan origin4 ,there1 amid labyrinthine windings1 deep caverns1 hidden chambers1 chapels1 and tombs1 the persecuted fugitives found refuge1 and there they performed the ceremonies of the ,mysteries4 ,the ,basilideans1 a sect of ,christians that arose soon after the time of the ,apostles1 practised the ,mysteries1 with the old ,egyptian legend4 ,they symbolized ,osiris by the ,sun1 ,isis by the ,moon1 and ,typhon by ,scorpio2 and wore crystals bearing these emblems1 as amulets or talismans to protect them from danger2 upon which were also a brilliant star and the serpent4 ,they were copied from the talismans of ,persia and ,arabia1 and given to every candidate at his initiation4 ,irenus tells us that the ,simonians1 one of the earliest sects of the ,gnostics1 had a ,priesthood of the ,mysteries4 ,tertullian tells us that the ,valentinians1 the most celebrated of all the ,gnostic schools1 imitated1 or rather perverted1 the ,mysteries of ,eleusis4 ,irenus informs us1 in several curious chapters1 of the ,mysteries practised by the ,marcosians2 and ,origen gives much information as to the ,mysteries of the ,ophites2 and there is no doubt that all the ,gnostic sects had ,mysteries and an initiation4 ,they all claimed to possess a secret doctrine1 coming to them directly from ,jesus ,christ1 different from that of the ,gospels and ,epistles1 and superior to those communications1 which in their eyes1 were merely exoteric4 ,this secret doctrine they did not communicate to every one2 and among the extensive sect of the ,basilideans hardly one in a thousand knew it1 as we learn from ,irenus4 ,we know the name of only the highest class of their ,initiates4 ,they were styled ,elect or ,elus ,greek3 1 and ,strangers to the ,world ,greek3 4 ,they had at least three ,degrees--the ,material1 the ,intellectual1 and the ,spiritual1 and the lesser and greater ,mysteries2 and the number of those who attained the highest ,degree was quite small4 ,baptism was one of their most important ceremonies2 and the ,basilideans celebrated the #ajth of ,january1 as the anniversary of the day on which ,christ was baptized in ,jordan4 ,they had the ceremony of laying on of hands1 by way of purification2 and that of the mystic banquet1 emblem of that to which they believed the ,heavenly ,wisdom would one day admit them1 in the fullness of things ,greek3 4 ,their ceremonies were much more like those of the ,christians than those of ,greece2 but they mingled with them much that was borrowed from the ,orient and ,egypt3 and taught the primitive truths1 mixed with a multitude of fantastic errors and fictions4 ,the discipline of the secret was the concealment 7occultatio7 of certain tenets and ceremonies4 ,so says ,clemens of ,alexandria4 ,to avoid persecution1 the early ,christians were compelled to use great precaution1 and to hold meetings of the ,faithful of the ,household of ,faith in private places1 under concealment by darkness4 ,they assembled in the night1 and they guarded against the intrusion of false brethren and profane persons1 spies who might cause their arrest4 ,they conversed together figuratively1 and by the use of symbols1 lest cowans and eavesdroppers might overhear3 and there existed among them a favored class1 or ,order1 who were initiated into certain ,mysteries which they were bound by solemn promise not to disclose1 or even converse about1 except with such as had received them under the same sanction4 ,they were called ,brethren1 the ,faithful1 ,stewards of the ,mysteries1 ,superintendents1 ,devotees of the ,secret1 and ,,architects4 ,in the ,hierarchi1 attributed to ,st4 ,dionysius the ,areopagite1 the first ,bishop of ,athens1 the tradition of the sacrament is said to have been divided into three ,degrees1 or grades1 purification1 initiation1 and accomplishment or perfection2 and it mentions also1 as part of the ceremony1 the bringing to sight4 ,the ,apostolic ,constitutions1 attributed to ,clemens1 ,bishop of ,rome1 describe the early church1 and say3 ,these regulations must on no account be communicated to all sorts of persons1 because of the ,mysteries contained in them4 ,they speak of the ,deacon's duty to keep the doors1 that none uninitiated should enter at the oblation4 ,ostiarii1 or doorkeepers1 kept guard1 and gave notice of the time of prayer and church-assemblies2 and also by private signal1 in times of persecution1 gave notice to those within1 to enable them to avoid danger4 ,the ,mysteries were open to the ,fideles or ,faithful only2 and no spectators were allowed at the communion4 ,tertullian1 who died about ,a4,d4 #baf1 says in his ,apology3 ,none are admitted to the religious ,mysteries without an oath of secrecy4 ,we appeal to your ,thracian and ,eleusinian ,mysteries2 and we are especially bound to this caution1 because if we prove faithless1 we should not only provoke ,heaven1 but draw upon our heads the utmost rigor of human displeasure4 ,and should strangers betray us8 ,they know nothing but by report and hearsay4 ,far hence1 ye ,profane6 is the prohibition from all holy ,mysteries4 ,clemens1 ,bishop of ,alexandria1 born about ,a4,d4 #aia1 says1 in his ,stromata1 that he cannot explain the ,mysteries1 because he should thereby1 according to the old proverb1 put a sword into the hands of a child4 ,he frequently compares the ,discipline of the ,secret with the heathen ,mysteries1 as to their internal and recondite wisdom4 ,whenever the early ,christians happened to be in company with strangers1 more properly termed the ,profane1 they never spoke of their sacraments1 but indicated to one another what they meant by means of symbols and secret watchwords1 disguisedly1 and as by direct communication of mind with mind1 and by enigmas4 ,origen1 born ,a4,d4 #acd or #ace1 answering ,celsus1 who had objected that the ,christians had a concealed doctrine said3 ,inasmuch as the essential and important doctrines and principles of ,christianity are openly taught1 it is foolish to object that there are other things that are recondite2 for this is common to ,christian discipline with that of those philosophers in whose teaching some things were exoteric and some esoteric3 and it is enough to say that it was so with some of the disciples of ,pythagoras4 ,the formula which the primitive church pronounced at the moment of celebrating its ,mysteries1 was this3 ,depart1 ye ,profane6 ,let the ,catechumens1 and those who have not been admitted or initiated1 go forth4 ,archelaus1 ,bishop of ,cascara in ,mesopotamia1 who1 in the year #bgh1 conducted a controversy with the ,manichans1 said3 ,these ,mysteries the church now communicates to him who has passed through the introductory ,degree4 ,they are not explained to the ,gentiles at all2 nor are they taught openly in the hearing of ,catechumens3 but much that is spoken is in disguised terms1 that the ,faithful 7,greek3 71 who possess the knowledge1 may be still more informed1 and those who are not acquainted with it1 may suffer no disadvantage4 ,cyril1 ,bishop of ,jerusalem1 was born in the year #cae1 and died in #chf1 ,in his ,catechesis he says2 ,the ,lord spake in parables to ,his hearers in general2 but to ,his disciples ,he explained in private the parables and allegories which ,he spoke in public4 ,the splendor of glory is for those who are early enlightened3 obscurity and darkness are the portion of the unbelievers and ignorant4 ,just so the church discovers its ,mysteries to those who have advanced beyond the class of ,catechumens3 we employ obscure terms with others4 ,st4 ,basil1 the ,great ,bishop of ,csarea1 born in the year #cbf1 and dying in the year #cgf1 says3 ,we receive the dogmas transmitted to us by writing1 and those which have descended to us from the ,apostles1 beneath the mystery of oral tradition3 for several things have been handed to us without writing1 lest the vulgar1 too familiar with our dogmas1 should lose a due respect for them4 444 ,this is what the uninitiated are not permitted to contemplate2 and how should it ever be proper to write and circulate among the people an account of them8 ,st4 ,gregory ,nazianzen1 ,bishop of ,constantinople1 ,a4,d4 #cgi1 says2 ,you have heard as much of the ,mystery as we are allowed to speak openly in the ears of all2 the rest will be communicated to you in private2 and that you must retain within yourself4444 ,our ,mysteries are not to be made known to strangers4 ,st ,ambrose1 ,archbishop of ,milan1 who was born in #cdj1 and died in #cic1 says in his work ,de ,mysteries3 ,all the ,mystery should be kept concealed1 guarded by faithful silence1 lest it should be inconsiderately divulged to the ears of the ,profane44444 ,it is not given to all to contemplate the depths of our ,mysteries44444 that they may not be seen by those who ought not to behold them2 nor received by those who cannot preserve them4 ,and in another work3 ,he sins against ,god1 who divulges to the unworthy the ,mysteries confided to him4 ,the danger is not merely in violating truth1 but in telling truth1 if he allow himself to give hints of them to those from whom they ought to be concealed44444,beware of casting pearls before swine6444 ,every ,mystery ought to be kept secret2 as it were1 to be covered over by silence1 lest it should rashly be divulged to the ears of the ,profane4 ,take heed that you do not incautiously reveal the ,mysteries6 ,st4 ,augustine1 ,bishop of ,hippo1 who was born in #cdg1 and died in #dcj1 says in one of his discourses3 ,having dismissed the ,catechumens1 we have retained you only to be our hearers2 because besides those things which belong to all ,christians in common1 we are now to discourse to you of sublime ,mysteries1 which none are qualified to hear1 but those who1 by the ,master's favor1 are made partakers of them44444,to have taught them openly1 would have been to betray them4 ,and he refers to the ,ark of the ,covenant and says that it signified a ,mystery1 or secret of ,god1 shadowed over by the cherubim of glory1 and honored by being veiled4 ,st4 ,chrysostom and ,st4 ,augustine speak of initiation more than fifty times4 ,st4 ,ambrose writes to those who are initiated2 and initiation was not merely baptism1 or admission into the church1 but it referred to initiation into the ,mysteries4 ,to the baptized and initiated the ,mysteries of religion were unveiled2 they were kept secret from the ,catechumens2 who were permitted to hear the ,scriptures read and the ordinary discourses delivered1 in which the ,mysteries1 reserved for the ,faithful1 were never treated of4 ,when the services and prayers were ended1 the ,catechumens and spectators all withdrew4 ,chrysostom1 ,bishop of ,constantinople1 was born in #ced1 and died in #dag4 ,he says3 ,i wish to speak openly3 but ,i dare not1 on account of those who are not initiated4 ,i shall therefore avail myself of disguised terms1 discoursing in a shadowy manner44444 ,where the holy ,mysteries are celebrated1 we drive away all uninitiated persons1 and then close the doors ,he mentions the acclamations of the initiated2 which1 he says1 ,i here pass over in silence2 for it is forbidden to disclose such things to the ,profane4 ,palladius1 in his life of ,chrysostom1 records1 as a great outrage1 that1 a tumult having been excited against him by his enemies1 they forced their way into the penetralia1 where the uninitiated beheld what was not proper for them to see2 and ,chrysostom mentions the same circumstance in his epistle to ,pope ,innocent4 ,st4 ,cyril of ,alexandria1 who was made ,bishop in #dab1 and died in #ddd1 says in his #gth ,book against ,julian3 ,these ,mysteries are so profound and so exalted1 that they can be comprehended by those only who are enlightened4 ,i shall not1 therefore1 attempt to speak of what is so admirable in them1 lest by discovering them to the uninitiated1 ,i should offend against the injunction not to give what is holy to the impure1 nor cast pearls before such as cannot estimate their worth44444,i should say much more1 if ,i were not afraid of being heard by those who are uninitiated3 because men are apt to deride what they do not understand4 ,and the ignorant1 not being aware of the weakness of their minds1 condemn what they ought most to venerate4 ,theodoret1 ,bishop of ,cyropolis in ,syria1 was born in #cic1 and made ,bishop in #dbj4 ,in one of his three ,dialogues1 called the ,immutable1 he introduces ,orthodoxus1 speaking thus3 ,answer me1 if you please1 in mystical or obscure terms3 for perhaps there are some persons present who are not initiated into the ,mysteries4 ,and in his preface to ,ezekiel1 tracing up the secret discipline to the commencement of the ,christian era1 he says3 ,these ,mysteries are so august1 that we ought to keep them with the greatest caution4 ,minucius ,felix1 an eminent lawyer of ,rome1 who lived in #bab1 and wrote a defence of ,christianity1 says3 ,many of them the ,christians know each other by tokens and signs 7notis et insignibus71 and they form a friendship for each other1 almost before they become acquainted4 ,the ,latin ,word1 tessera1 originally meant a square piece of wood or stone1 used in making tesselated pavements2 afterward a tablet on which anything was written1 and then a cube or die4 ,its most general use was to designate a piece of metal or wood1 square in shape1 on which the watchword of an ,army was inscribed2 whence tessera came to mean the watchword itself4 ,there was also a tessera hospitalis1 which was a piece of wood cut into two parts1 as a pledge of friendship4 ,each party kept one of the parts2 and they swore mutual fidelity by ,jupiter4 ,to break the tessera was considered a dissolution of the friendship4 ,the early ,christians used it as a ,mark1 the watchword of friendship4 ,with them it was generally in the shape of a fish1 and made of bone4 ,on its face was inscribed the word ,greek3 1 a fish1 the initials of which represented the ,greek words1 ,greek3 2 ,jesus ,christ1 the ,son of ,god1 the ,saviour4 ,st4 ,augustine 7de ,fide et ,symbolis7 says3 ,this is the faith which in a few words is given to the ,novices to be kept by a symbol2 these few words are known to all the ,faithful2 that by believing they may be submissive to ,god2 by being thus submissive1 they may live rightly2 by living rightly1 they may purify their hearts and with a pure heart may understand what they believe4 ,maximus ,taurinus says3 ,the tessera is a symbol and sign by which to distinguish between the ,faithful and the ,profane4 ,there are three ,degrees in ,blue ,masonry2 and in addition to the two words of two syllables each1 embodying the binary1 three of three syllables each4 ,there were three ,grand ,masters1 the two ,kings1 and ,khir-,om the ,artificer4 ,the candidate gains admission by three raps1 and three raps call up the ,brethren4 ,there are three principal officers of the ,lodge1 three lights at the ,altar1 three gates of the ,temple1 all in the ,east1 ,west1 and ,south4 ,the three lights represent the ,sun1 the ,moon1 and ,mercury2 ,osiris1 ,isis1 and ,horus2 the ,father1 the ,mother1 and the ,child2 ,wisdom1 ,strength1 and ,beauty2 ,hakamah1 ,binah1 and ,daath2 ,gedulah1 ,geburah1 and ,tepareth4 ,the candidate makes three circuits of the ,lodge3 there were three assassins of ,khir-,om1 and he was slain by three blows while seeking to escape by the three gates of the ,temple4 ,the ejaculation at his grave was repeated three times4 ,there are three divisions of the ,temple1 and three1 five1 and seven ,steps4 ,a ,master works with ,chalk1 ,charcoal1 and a vessel of ,clay2 there are three movable and three immovable jewels4 ,the ,triangle appears among the ,symbols3 the two parallel lines enclosing the circle are connected at top1 as are the ,columns ,jachin and ,boaz1 symbolizing the equilibrium which explains the great ,mysteries of ,nature4 ,this continual reproduction of the number three is not accidental1 nor without a profound meaning3 and we shall find the same repeated in all the ,ancient philosophies4 ,the ,egyptian ,gods formed ,triads1 the third member in each proceeding from the other two4 ,thus we have the ,triad of ,thebes1 ,amun1 ,maut1 and ,kharso2 that of ,philae1 ,osiris1 ,isis1 and ,horus2 that of ,elephantin and the ,cataracts1 ,neph1 ,sate1 and ,anouk4 ,osiris1 ,isis1 and ,horus were the ,father1 ,mother1 and ,son2 the latter being ,light1 the ,soul of the ,world1 the ,son1 the ,protogonos or ,first-,begotten4 ,sometimes this ,triad was regarded as ,,spirit1 or the active ,principle or ,generative ,power2 ,,matter1 or the ,,passive ,principle or ,productive ,capacity2 and the ,universe1 which proceeds from the two ,principles4 ,we also find in ,egypt this ,triad or ,trinity2 ,ammon-,ra1 the ,creator3 ,osiris-,ra1 the ,giver of ,fruitfulness3 ,horus-,ra1 the ,queller of ,light2 symbolized by the ,summer1 ,autumn1 and ,spring ,sun4 ,for the ,egyptians had but three ,seasons1 the three gates of the ,temple2 and on account of the different effects of the ,sun on those three ,seasons1 the ,deity appears in these three forms4 ,the ,phnician ,trinity was ,ulomos1 ,chusoros1 and the ,egg out of which the ,universe proceeded4 ,the ,chaldean ,triad consisted of ,bel1 the ,persian ,zervana ,akherana1 ,oromasdes1 and ,ahriman2 the ,good and ,evil ,principle alike outflowing from the ,father1 by their equilibrium and alternating preponderance to produce harmony4 ,each was to rule1 in turn1 for equal periods1 until finally the ,evil ,principle should itself become good4 ,the ,chaldean and ,persian oracles of ,zoroaster give us the ,triad1 ,fire1 ,light1 and ,ether4 ,orpheus celebrates the ,triad of ,phanes1 ,ouranos1 and ,kronos4 ,corry says the ,orphic ,trinity consisted of ,metis1 ,phanes1 and ,ericapaeus2 ,will1 ,light or ,love1 and ,life4 ,acusilaus makes it consist of ,metis1 ,eros1 and ther3 ,will1 ,love1 and ,ether4 ,phereycides of ,syros1 of ,fire1 ,water1 and ,air or ,spirit4 ,in the two former we readily recognize ,osiris and ,isis1 the ,sun and the ,nile4 ,the first three of the ,persian ,amshaspands were ,,bahman1 the ,lord of ,,light2 ,ardibehest1 the ,lord of ,,fire2 and ,shariver1 the ,lord of ,,splendor4 ,these at once lead us back to the ,kabala4 ,plutarch says3 ,the better and diviner nature consists of three2 the ,intelligible 7i4e4 that which exists within the ,intellect only as yet71 and ,matter2 ,greek3 and ,greek3 1 and that which proceeds from these1 which the ,greeks call ,kosmos3 of which ,plato calls the ,intelligible1 the ,idea1 the ,exemplar1 the ,father3 ,matter1 the ,mother1 the ,nurse1 and the receptacle and place of generation3 and the issue of these two1 the ,offspring and ,genesis4 ,the ,pythagorean fragments say3 ,therefore1 before the ,heaven was made1 there existed ,idea and ,matter1 and ,god the ,demiourgos workman or active instrument1 of the former4 ,he made the world out of matter1 perfect1 only-begotten1 with a soul and intellect1 and constituted it a divinity4 ,plato gives us ,thought1 the ,father2 ,primitive ,matter1 the ,mother2 and ,,kosmos1 the ,son1 the issue of the two ,principles4 ,kosmos is the ensouled ,universe4 ,with the later ,platonists1 the ,triad was ,potence1 ,intellect1 and ,spirit1 ,philo represents ,sanchoniathon's as ,fire1 ,light1 and ,flame1 the three ,sons of ,genos2 but this is the ,alexandrian1 not the ,phnician idea4 ,aurelius says the ,demiourgos or ,creator is triple1 and the three ,intellects are the three ,kings3 ,he who exists2 ,he who possesses2 ,he who beholds4 ,the first is that which exists by its essence2 the second exists in the first1 and contains or possesses in itself the ,universal of things2 all that afterward becomes3 the third beholds this ,universal1 formed and fashioned intellectually1 and so having a separate existence4 ,the ,third exists in the ,second1 and the ,second in the ,first4 ,the most ancient ,trinitarian doctrine on record is that of the ,brahmins4 ,the ,eternal ,supreme ,essence1 called ,,parabrahma1 ,,brahm1 ,,paratma1 produced the ,universe by self-reflection1 and first revealed himself as ,,brahma1 the ,creating ,power1 then as ,,vishnu1 the ,preserving ,power1 and lastly as ,,siva1 the ,destroying and ,renovating ,power2 the three ,modes in which the ,supreme ,essence reveals himself in the material ,universe2 but which soon came to be regarded as three distinct ,deities4 ,these three ,deities they styled the ,,trimurti1 or ,,triad4 ,the ,persians received from the ,indians the doctrine of the three principles1 and changed it to that of a principle of ,life1 which was individualized by the ,sun1 and a principle of ,death1 which was symbolized by cold and darkness2 parallel of the moral world2 and in which the continual and alternating struggle between light and darkness1 life and death1 seemed but a phase of the great struggle between the good and evil principles1 embodied in the legend of ,,ormuzd and ,,ahriman4 ,,mithras1 a ,median reformer1 was deified after his death1 and invested with the attributes of the ,sun2 the different astronomical phenomena being figuratively detailed as actual incidents of his life2 in the same manner as the history of ,,buddha was invented among the ,hinds4 ,the ,trinity of the ,hinds became among the ,ethiopians and ,abyssinians ,,neph-,,amon1 ,,phtha1 and ,,neith--the ,god ,,creator1 whose emblem was a ram--,,matter1 or the primitive mud1 symbolized by a globe or an egg1 and ,,thought1 or the ,,light which contains the germ of everything2 triple manifestation of one and the same ,god 7,,athom71 considered in three aspects1 as the creative power1 goodness1 and wisdom4 ,other ,deities were speedily invented2 and among them ,,osiris1 represented by the ,sun1 ,,isis1 his wife1 by the ,moon or ,earth1 ,,typhon1 his ,brother1 the ,principle of ,evil and ,darkness1 who was the son of ,osiris and ,isis4 ,and the ,trinity of ,,osiris1 ,,isis1 and ,,horus became subsequently the ,chief ,gods and objects of worship of the ,egyptians4 ,the ancient ,etruscans 7a race that emigrated from the ,rhtian ,alps into ,italy1 along whose route evidences of their migration have been discovered1 and whose language none have yet succeeded in reading7 acknowledged only one ,supreme ,god2 but they had images for ,his different attributes1 and temples to these images4 ,each town had one ,national ,temple1 dedicated to the three great attributes of ,god1 ,,strength1 ,,riches1 and ,,wisdom1 or ,tina1 ,talna1 and ,minerva4 ,the ,national ,deity was always a ,triad under one roof2 and it was the same in ,egypt1 where one ,supreme ,god alone was acknowledged1 but was worshipped as a ,triad1 with different names in each different home4 ,each city in ,etruria might have as many gods and gates and temples as it pleased2 but three sacred gates1 and one ,temple to three ,divine ,attributes were obligatory1 wherever the laws of ,tages 7or ,taunt or ,thoth7 were received4 ,the only gate that remains in ,italy1 of the olden time1 undestroyed1 is the ,porta del ,circo at ,volterra2 and it has upon it the three heads of the three ,national ,divinities1 one upon the keystone of its magnificent arch1 and one above each side-pillar4 ,the ,buddhists hold that the ,god ,,sakya of the ,hinds1 called in ,ceylon1 ,,gautama1 in ,india beyond the ,ganges1 ,,somonakodom1 and in ,china1 ,,chy-,,kia1 or ,fo1 constituted a ,trinity ,,triratna1 of ,,buddha1 ,,dharma1 and ,,sanga1--,intelligence1 ,law1 and ,union or ,harmony4 ,the ,chinese ,sabans represented the ,supreme ,deity as composed of ,,chang-,,ti1 the ,supreme ,sovereign2 ,,tien1 the ,heavens2 and ,,tao1 the ,universal ,supreme ,reason and ,principle of ,faith2 and that from ,chaos1 an immense silence1 an immeasurable void without perceptible forms1 alone1 infinite1 immutable1 moving in a circle in illimitable space1 without change or alteration1 when vivified by the ,principle of ,truth1 issued all ,beings1 under the influence of ,,tao1 ,principle of ,faith1 who produced one1 one produced two1 two produced three1 and three produced all that is4 ,the ,sclavono-,vendes typified the ,trinity by the three heads of the ,god ,,triclav2 and the ,pruczi or ,prussians by the ,tri-une ,god ,,perkoun1 ,,pikollos1 and ,,potrimpos1 the ,deities of ,light and ,thunder1 of ,hell and the ,earth1 its fruits and animals3 and the ,scandinavians by ,,odin1 ,,frea1 and ,,thor4 ,in the ,,kabalah1 or the ,hebrew traditional philosophy1 the ,infinite ,deity1 beyond the reach of the ,human ,intellect1 and without ,name1 ,form1 or ,limitation1 was represented as developing ,himself1 in order to create1 and by self-limitation1 in ten emanations or out-flowings1 called ,,sephiroth1 or rays4 ,the first of these1 in the world ,,aziluth1 that is1 within the ,deity1 was ,,kether1 or the ,crown1 by which we understand the ,divine ,will or ,potency4 ,next came1 as a pair1 ,,hakemah and ,,bainah1 ordinarily translated ,wisdom and ,intelligence1 the former termed the ,,father1 and the latter the ,,mother4 ,,hakemah is the active ,power or ,energy of ,deity1 by which ,he produces within ,himself ,intellection or ,thinking3 and ,,bainah1 the passive ,capacity1 from which1 acted on by the ,power1 the ,intellection flows4 ,this ,intellection is called ,,daath3 and it is the ,,word1 of ,plato and the ,gnostics2 the unuttered word1 within the ,deity4 ,here is the origin of the ,trinity of the ,father1 the ,mother or ,holy ,spirit1 and the ,son or ,word4 ,another ,trinity was composed of the fourth ,sephirah1 ,,gedulah or ,,khased1 ,benignity or ,mercy1 also termed ,,father 7,aba72 the fifth1 ,,geburah1 ,severity or ,strict ,justice1 also termed the ,,mother 7,imma72 and the sixth1 the ,,son or ,issue of these1 ,,tiphareth1 ,beauty or ,harmony4 ,everything1 says the ,,sohar1 proceeds according to the ,mystery of the ,balance--that is1 by the equilibrium of ,opposites3 and thus from the ,infinite ,mercy and the ,infinite ,justice1 in equilibrium1 flows the perfect ,harmony of the ,universe4 ,infinite ,,power1 which is ,lawless1 and ,infinite ,,wisdom1 in ,equilibrium1 also produce ,,beauty or ,,harmony1 as ,son1 ,issue1 or ,result--the ,word1 or utterance of the ,thought of ,god4 ,power and ,justice or ,severity are the same3 ,wisdom and ,mercy or ,benignity are the same2--in the ,infinite ,divine ,nature4 ,according to ,philo of ,alexandria1 the ,supreme ,being1 ,primitive ,light or ,archetype of ,light1 uniting with ,,wisdom 1 the mother of ,creation1 forms in ,himself the types of all things1 and acts upon the ,universe through the ,,word 444 ,logos1 who dwells in ,god1 and in whom all ,his powers and attributes develop themselves2 a doctrine borrowed by him from ,plato4 ,simon ,magus and his disciples taught that the ,supreme ,being or ,centre of ,light produced first of all1 three couples of united ,existences1 of both sexes1 ,greek3 444,suzugias1 which were the origins of all things3 ,,reason and ,,inventiveness2 ,,speech and ,,thought2 ,,calculation and ,,reflection3 ,greek3 and ,greek3 a1 and ,greek3 1 and ,greek3 444 ,nus and ,epinoia1 ,phne and ,ennoia1 ,logismos and ,enthumsis2 of which ,ennoia or ,,wisdom was the first produced1 and ,mother of all that exists4 ,other ,disciples of ,simon1 and with them most of the ,gnostics1 adopting and modifying the doctrine1 taught that the ,greek3 44 ,plerma1 or ,,plenitude of ,superior ,intelligences1 having the ,supreme ,being at their head1 was composed of eight ,eons ,greek3 44 ,aines of different sexes244 ,,profundity and ,,silence2 ,,spirit and ,,truth2 the ,,word and ,,life2 ,,man and the ,,church3 ,greek3 and ,greek3 2 and ,greek3 2 and ,greek3 2 and ,greek3 444 ,buthos and ,sig2 ,pneuma and ,aletheia2 ,logos and ,ze2 ,anthrpos and ,ekklsia4 ,bardesanes1 whose doctrines the ,syrian ,christians long embraced1 taught that the unknown ,father1 happy in the ,plenitude of ,his ,life and ,perfections1 first produced a ,companion for ,himself ,greek3 444 ,suzugos1 whom ,he placed in the ,celestial ,paradise and who became1 by ,him1 the ,mother of ,,christos1 ,son of the ,living ,god3 i4e4 7laying aside the allegory71 that the ,eternal conceived1 in the silence of ,his decrees1 the ,thought of revealing ,himself by a ,being who should be ,his image or ,his ,son3 that to the ,son succeeded his ,sister and ,spouse1 the ,holy ,spirit1 and they produced four ,spirits of the elements1 male and female1 ,maio and ,jabseho1 ,nouro and ,rucho2 then ,seven ,mystic ,couples of ,spirits1 and ,heaven and ,earth1 and all that is2 then seven spirits governing the planets1 twelve governing the ,constellations of the ,zodiac1 and thirty-six ,starry ,intelligences whom he called ,deacons3 while the ,holy ,spirit ,sophia ,achamoth1 being both the ,holy ,intelligence and the ,soul of the physical world1 went from the ,plerma into that material world and there mourned her degradation1 until ,,christos1 her former spouse1 coming to her with his ,divine ,light and ,love1 guided her in the way to purification1 and she again united herself with him as his primitive ,companion4 ,basilides1 the ,christian ,gnostic1 taught that there were seven emanations from the ,supreme ,being3 ,the ,first-born1 ,thought1 the ,word1 ,reflection1 ,wisdom1 ,power1 and ,righteousness4 ,greek3 1 1 1 1 1 1 and ,greek3 ,protogonos1 ,nous1 ,logos1 ,phronesis1 ,sophia1 ,dunamis1 and ,dikarosun2 from whom emanated other ,intelligences in succession1 to the number1 in all1 of three hundred and sixty-five2 which were ,god manifested1 and composed the ,plenitude of the ,divine ,emanations1 or the ,god ,abraxas2 of which the ,thought or ,intellect1 ,greek3 ,nou 444 ,nous united itself1 by baptism in the river ,jordan1 with the man ,jesus1 servant ,greek3 4 ,diakonos of the human race2 but did not suffer with ,him2 and the disciples of ,basilides taught that the ,greek3 1 put on the appearance only of humanity1 and that ,simon of ,cyrene was crucified in ,his stead and ascended into ,heaven4 ,basilides held that out of the unrevealed ,god1 who is at the head of the world of emanations1 and exalted above all conception or designation ,greek3 1 1 were evolved seven living1 self-subsistent1 ever-active hyposatized powers3 ,,first3 ,,the ,,intellectual ,,powers4 #ast4 ,,nous ,greek3 ,the ,mind4 #b;d4 ,,logos ,greek3 ,the ,reason4 #c;d4 ,phronesis ,greek3 ,the ,thinking ,power4 #dth4 ,sophia ,greek3 ,wisdom4 ,,second3 ,,the ,,active ,,or ,,operative ,,power4 #eth4 ,dunamis ,greek3 ,might1 accomplishing the purposes of ,wisdom4 ,,third3 ,,the ,,moral ,,attributes4 #fth4 ,dikaiosun ,greek3 ,holiness or ,moral ,perfection4 #gth4 ,eirn ,greek3 ,inward ,tranquility4 ,these ,seven ,powers 7,greek3 44 ,dunameis71 with the ,primal ,ground out of which they were evolved1 constituted in his scheme the ,greek3 ,prote ,ogdoas1 or ,first ,octave1 the root of all ,existence4 ,from this point1 the spiritual life proceeded to evolve out of itself continually many gradations of existence1 each lower one being still the impression1 the antetype1 of the immediate higher one4 ,he supposed there were #cfe of these regions or gradations1 expressed by the mystical word ,greek3 ,abraxas4 ,the ,greek3 is thus interpreted1 by the usual method of reckoning ,greek letters numerically4444 ,greek3 1#a441b441ajj44;a1l44 #fj44;,greek3 1l441 #bjjcfe3 which is the whole ,emanation-,world1 as the development of the ,supreme ,being4 ,in the system of ,basilides1 ,light1 ,life1 ,soul1 and ,good were opposed to ,darkness1 ,death1 ,matter1 and ,evil1 throughout the whole course of the ,universe4 ,according to the ,gnostic view1 ,god was represented as the immanent1 incomprehensible and original source of all perfection2 the unfathomable ,,abyss 7,greek3 44 buthos71 according to ,valentinus1 exalted above all possibility of designation2 of whom1 properly speaking1 nothing can be predicated2 the ,greek3 of ,basilides1 the ,greek3 of ,philo4 ,from this incomprehensible ,essence of ,god1 an immediate transition to finite things is inconceivable4 ,self-limitation is the first beginning of a communication of life on the part of ,god--the first passing of the hidden ,deity into manifestation2 and from this proceeds all further self-developing manifestation of the ,divine ,essence4 ,from this primal link in the chain of life there are evolved1 in the first place1 the manifold powers or attributes inherent in the divine ,essence1 which1 until that first self-comprehension1 were all hidden in the ,abyss of ,his ,essence4 ,each of these attributes presents the whole divine ,essence under one particular aspect2 and to each1 therefore1 in this respect1 the title of ,god may appropriately be applied4 ,these ,divine ,powers evolving themselves to self-subsistence1 become thereupon the germs and principles of all further developments of life4 ,the life contained in them unfolds and individualizes itself more and more1 but in such a way that the successive grades of this evolution of life continually sink lower and lower2 the spirits become feebler1 the further they are removed from the first link in the series4 ,the first manifestation they termed ,greek3 prot katalpsis heautou or ,greek3 proton ,katalpton tou ,theou2 which was hypostatically represented in a ,greek3 or ,greek3 1 ,nous or ,logos4 ,in the ,alexandrian ,gnosis1 the ,platonic notion of the ,greek3 ,hul predominates4 ,this is the dead1 the unsubstantial--the boundary that limits from without the evolution of life in its gradually advancing progression1 whereby the ,perfect is ever evolving itself into the less ,perfect4 ,this ,greek3 again1 is represented under various images2--at one time as the darkness that exists alongside of the light2 at another1 as the void ,greek3 1 4444,kenoma1 ,kenon1 in opposition to the ,fullness1 ,greek3 444,pleroma of the ,divine ,life2 or as the shadow that accompanies the light2 or as the chaos1 or the sluggish1 stagnant1 dark water4 ,this matter1 dead in itself1 possesses by its own nature no inherent tendency2 as life of every sort is foreign to it1 itself makes no encroachment on the ,divine4 ,as1 however1 the evolutions of the ,divine ,life 7the essences developing themselves out of the progressive emanation7 become feebler1 the further they are removed from the first link in the series2 and as their connection with the first becomes looser at each successive step1 there arises at the last step of the evolution1 an imperfect1 defective product1 which1 unable to retain its connection with the chain of ,divine ,life1 sinks from the ,world of ,eons into the material chaos3 or1 according to the same notion1 somewhat differently expressed according to the ,ophites and to ,bardesanes1 a drop from the fullness of the ,divine life bubbles over into the bordering void4 ,hereupon the dead matter1 by commixture with the living principle1 which it wanted1 first of all receives animation4 ,but1 at the same time1 also1 the divine1 the living1 becomes corrupted by mingling with the chaotic mass4 ,existence now multiplies itself4 ,there arises a subordinate1 defective life2 there is ground for a new world2 a creation starts into being1 beyond the confines of the world of emanation4 ,but on the other hand1 since the chaotic principle of matter has acquired vitality1 there now arises a more distinct and more active opposition to the ,god-like--a barely negative1 blind1 ungodly nature-power1 which obstinately resists all influence of the ,divine2 hence1 as products1 of the spirit of the ,greek3 1 7of the ,greek3 44 ,pneuma ,hulikon71 are ,satan1 malignant spirits1 wicked men1 in none of whom is there any reasonable or moral principle1 or any principle of a rational will2 but blind passions alone have the ascendency4 ,in them there is the same conflict1 as the scheme of ,platonism supposes1 between the soul under the guidance of ,divine reason the ,greek3 444 ,nous1 and the soul blindly resisting reason--between the ,greek3 pronoia and the ,greek3 anag1 the ,divine ,principle and the natural4 ,the ,syrian ,gnosis assured the existence of an active1 turbulent kingdom of evil1 or of darkness1 which1 by its encroachments on the kingdom of light1 brought about a commixture of the light with the darkness1 of the ,god-like with the ungodlike4 ,even among the ,platonists1 some thought that along with an organized1 inert matter1 the substratum of the corporeal world1 there existed from the beginning a blind1 lawless motive power1 an ungodlike soul1 as its original motive and active principle4 ,as the inorganic matter was organized into a corporeal world1 by the plastic power of the ,deity1 so1 by the same power1 law and reason were communicated to that turbulent1 irrational soul4 ,thus the chaos of the ,greek3 was transformed into an organized world1 and that blind soul into a rational principle1 a mundane soul1 animating the ,universe4 ,as from the latter proceeds all rational1 spiritual life in humanity1 so from the former proceeds all that is irrational1 all that is under the blind sway of passion and appetite2 and all malignant spirits are its progeny4 ,in one respect all the ,gnostics agreed3 they all held1 that there was a world purely emanating out of the vital development of ,god1 a creation evolved directly out of the ,divine ,essence1 far exalted above any outward creation produced by ,god's plastic power1 and conditioned by pre-existing matter4 ,they agreed in holding that the framer of this lower world was not the ,father of that higher world of emanation2 but the ,demiurge ,greek3 1 a being of a kindred nature with the ,universe framed and governed by him1 and far inferior to that higher system and the ,father of it4 ,but some1 setting out from ideas which had long prevailed among certain ,jews of ,alexandria1 supposed that the ,supreme ,god created and governed the world by ,his ministering spirits1 by the angels4 ,at the head of these angels stood one who had the direction and control of all2 therefore called the ,artificer and ,governor of the ,world4 ,this ,demiurge they compared with the plastic1 animating mundane spirit of ,plato and ,platonists1 the ,greek3 44 ,deuteros ,theos2 the ,greek3 4441 ,theos ,genetos1 who1 moreover1 according to the ,timus of ,plato1 strives to represent the ,,idea of the ,divine ,reason1 in that which is becoming 7as contradistinguished from that which is7 and temporal4 ,this angel is a representative of the ,supreme ,god1 on the lower stage of existence3 he does not act independently1 but merely according to the ideas inspired in him by the ,supreme ,god2 just as the plastic1 mundane soul of the ,platonists creates all things after the pattern of the ideas communicated by the ,supreme ,reason ,greek3 444 ,nous--the ,greek3 4444 ho esti zon--the ,greek3 4 paradeigma1 of the ,divine ,reason hypostatized4 ,but these ideas transcend his limited essence2 he cannot understand them2 he is merely their unconscious organ2 and therefore is unable himself to comprehend the whole scope and meaning of the work which he performs4 ,as an organ under the guidance of a higher inspiration1 he reveals higher truths than he himself can comprehend4 ,the mass of the ,jews1 they held1 recognized not the angel1 by whom1 in all the ,theophanies of the ,old ,testament1 ,god revealed ,himself2 they knew not the ,demiurge in his true relation to the hidden ,supreme ,god1 who never reveals ,himself in the sensible world4 ,they confounded the type and the archetype1 the symbol and the idea4 ,they rose no higher than the ,demiurge2 they took him to be the ,supreme ,god ,himself4 ,but the spiritual men among them1 on the contrary1 clearly perceived1 or at least divined1 the ideas veiled under ,judaism2 they rose beyond the ,demiurge1 to a knowledge of the ,supreme ,god2 and are therefore properly ,his worshippers ,greek 44 ,therapeutai4 ,other ,gnostics1 who had not been followers of the ,mosaic religion1 but who had1 at an earlier period1 framed to themselves an oriental ,gnosis1 regarded the ,demiurge as a being absolutely hostile to the ,supreme ,god4 ,he and his angels1 notwithstanding their finite nature1 wish to establish their independence3 they will tolerate no foreign rule within their realm4 ,whatever of a higher nature descends into their kingdom1 they seek to hold imprisoned there1 lest it should raise itself above their narrow precincts4 ,probably1 in this system1 the kingdom of the ,demiurgic ,angels corresponded1 for the most part1 with that of the deceitful ,star-,spirits1 who seek to rob man of his freedom1 to beguile him by various arts of deception1 and who exercise a tyrannical sway over the things of this world4 ,accordingly1 in the system of these ,sabans1 the seven ,planet-,spirits1 and the twelve ,star-,spirits of the zodiac1 who sprang from an irregular connection between the cheated ,fetahil and the ,spirit of ,darkness1 play an important part in everything that is bad4 ,the ,demiurge is a limited and limiting being1 proud1 jealous1 and revengeful2 and this his character betrays itself in the ,old ,testament1 which1 the ,gnostics held1 came from him4 ,they transferred to the ,demiurge himself1 whatever in the idea of ,god1 as presented by the ,old ,testament1 appeared to then defective4 ,against his will and rule the ,greek3 was continually rebelling1 revolting without control against the dominion which he1 the fashioner1 would exercise over it1 casting off the yoke imposed on it1 and destroying the work he had begun4 ,the same jealous being1 limited in his power1 ruling with despotic sway1 they imagined they saw in nature4 ,he strives to check the germination of the divine seeds of life which the ,supreme ,god of ,holiness and ,love1 who has no connection whatever with the sensible world1 has scattered among men4 ,that perfect ,god was at most known and worshipped in ,mysteries by a few spiritual men4 ,the ,gospel of ,st4 ,john is in great measure a polemic against the ,gnostics1 whose different sects1 to solve the great problems1 the creation of a material world by an immaterial ,being1 the fall of man1 the incarnation1 the redemption and restoration of the spirits called men1 admitted a long series of intelligences1 intervening in a series of spiritual operations2 and which they designated by the names1 ,the ,beginning1 the ,word1 the ,only-,begotten1 ,life1 ,light1 and ,spirit ,ghost3 in ,greek1 ,greek3 1 1 1 1 and ,greek3 1 ,arch1 ,logos1 ,monogens1 ,ze1 ,phs1 and ,pneuma4 ,st4 ,john1 at the beginning of his ,gospel1 avers that it was ,jesus ,christ who existed in the ,beginning2 that ,he was the ,,word of ,god by which everything was made2 that ,he was the ,only-,begotten1 the ,life and the ,light1 and that ,he diffuses among men the ,holy ,spirit or ,ghost1 the ,divine ,life and ,light4 ,so the ,plroma ,greek3 1 ,plenitude or ,fullness1 was a favorite term with the ,gnostics1 and ,truth and ,grace were the ,gnostic ,eons2 and the ,simonians1 ,dokts1 and other ,gnostics held that the ,eon ,christ ,jesus was never really1 but only apparently clothed with a human body3 but ,st4 ,john replies that the ,word did really become ,flesh1 and dwelt among us2 and that in ,him were the ,plroma and ,truth and ,grace4 ,in the doctrine of ,valentinus1 reared a ,christian at ,alexandria1 ,god was a perfect ,being1 an ,abyss ,greek3 44 ,buthos1 which no intelligence could sound1 because no eye could reach the invisible and ineffable heights on which ,he dwelt1 and no mind could comprehend the duration of ,his existence2 ,he has always been2 ,he is the ,primitive ,father and ,beginning the ,greek3 and ,greek3 44 ,propatr and ,proarch3 ,he will ,,be always1 and does not grow old4 ,the development of ,his ,perfections produced the intellectual world4 ,after having passed infinite ages in repose and silence1 ,he manifested ,himself by ,his ,thought1 source of all ,his manifestations1 and which received from ,him the germ of ,his creations4 ,being of ,his ,being1 ,his ,thought ,greek3 44 ,ennoia is also termed ,greek3 ,charis1 ,grace or ,joy1 and ,greek3 1 or ,greek3 ,sig or ,arrton1 ,silence or the ,ineffable4 ,its first manifestation was ,greek3 ,nous1 the ,intelligence1 first of the ,eons1 commencement of all things1 first revelation of the ,divinity1 the ,greek3 ,monogens1 or ,only-,begotten3 next1 ,truth ,greek3 44 ,altheia1 his companion4 ,their manifestations were the ,word ,greek3 44 ,logos and ,life ,greek3 44 ,zoe2 and theirs1 ,man and the ,church ,greek3 and ,greek3 44 ,anthrpos and ,ekklsia3 and from these1 other twelve1 six of whom were ,hope1 ,faith1 ,charity1 ,intelligence1 ,happiness1 and ,wisdom2 or1 in the ,hebrew1 ,kesten1 ,kina1 ,amphe1 ,ouananim1 ,thaedes1 and ,oubina4 ,the harmony of the ,eons1 struggling to know and be united to the ,primitive ,god1 was disturbed1 and to redeem and restore them1 the ,intelligence ,greek3 produced ,christ and the ,holy ,spirit ,his companion2 who restored them to their first estate of happiness and harmony2 and thereupon they formed the ,eon ,jesus1 born of a ,virgin1 to whom the ,christos united himself in baptism1 and who1 with his ,companion ,sophia-,achamoth1 saved and redeemed the world4 ,the ,marcosians taught that the ,supreme ,deity produced by ,his words the ,greek3 ,logos or ,plenitude of ,eons3 ,his first utterance was a syllable of four letters1 each of which became a being2 ,his second of four1 ,his third of ten1 and ,his fourth of twelve3 thirty in all1 which constituted the ,greek3 ,plroma4 ,the ,valentinians1 and others of the ,gnostics1 distinguished three orders of existences3--#ast4 ,the divine germs of life1 exalted by their nature above matter1 and akin to the ,greek3 ,sophia1 to the mundane soul and to the ,plroma3--the spiritual natures1 ,greek3 ,phuseis ,pneumatikai3 #b;d4 ,the natures originating in the life1 divided from the former by the mixture of the ,greek3 --the psychical natures1 ,greek3 ,phuseis ,psuchikai2 with which begins a perfectly new order of existence1 an image of that higher mind and system1 in a subordinate grade2 and finally1 #c;d4 ,the ,ungodlike or ,hylic ,nature1 which resists all amelioration1 and whose tendency is only to destroy--the nature of blind lust and passion4 ,the nature of the ,greek3 pneumatikon1 the spiritual1 is essential relationship with ,god 7the ,greek3 44 ,homoousion t ,the73 hence the life of ,unity1 the undivided1 the absolutely simple 7 1 44 ,ousia henike1 monoeides74 ,the essence of the psuchikoi is disruption into multiplicity1 manifoldness2 which1 however1 is subordinate to a higher unity1 by which it allows itself to be guided2 first unconsciously1 then consciously4 ,the essence of the ,hulikoi 7of whom ,satan is the head71 is the direct opposite to all unity2 disruption and disunion in itself1 without the least sympathy1 without any point of coalescence whatever for unity2 together with an effort to destroy all unity1 to extend its own inherent disunion to everything1 and to rend everything asunder4 ,this principle has no power to posit anything2 but only to negative3 it is unable to create1 to produce1 to form1 but only to destroy1 to decompose4 ,by ,marcus1 the disciple of ,valentinus1 the idea of a ,logos ,tou ,ontos1 of a ,,word1 manifesting the hidden ,divine ,essence1 in the ,creation1 was spun out into the most subtle details--the entire creation being1 in his view1 a continuous utterance of the ,ineffable4 ,the way in which the germs of divine life the 44 spermata pneumatika1 which lie shut up in the ,eons1 continually unfold and individualize themselves more and more1 is represented as a spontaneous analysis of the several names of the ,ineffable1 into their several sounds44,an echo of the ,plroma falls down into the ,hule1 and becomes the forming of a new but lower creation4 ,one formula of the pneumatical baptism among the ,gnostics ran thus3 ,in the ,,name which is hidden from all the ,divinities and ,powers of the ,demiurge1 ,the ,name of ,truth the ,aletheia1 self-manifestation of the ,buthos1 which ,jesus of ,nazareth has put on in the light-zones of ,christ1 the living ,christ1 through the ,holy ,ghost1 for the redemption of the angels1--the ,name by which all things attain to ,perfection4 ,the candidate then said3 ,i am established and redeemed2 ,i am redeemed in my soul from this world1 and from all that belongs to it1 by the name of 1 who has redeemed the ,soul of ,jesus by the living ,christ4 ,the assembly then said3 ,peace 7or ,salvation7 to all on whom this name rests6 ,the boy ,dionusos1 torn in pieces1 according to the ,bacchic ,mysteries1 by the ,titans1 was considered by the ,manicheans as simply representing the ,soul1 swallowed up by the powers of darkness1--the divine life rent into fragments by matter3--that part of the luminous essence of the primitive man the ,greek3 ,protos ,anthropos of ,mani1 the ,greek3 ,pran ,anthrpos of the ,valentinians1 the ,adam ,kadmon of the ,kabalah2 and the ,kaiomorts of the ,zendavesta1 swallowed up by the powers of darkness2 the ,mundane ,soul1 mixed with matter--the seed of divine life1 which had fallen into matter1 and had thence to undergo a process of purification and development4 ,the ,greek3 ,gnosis of ,carpocrates and his son ,epiphanes consisted in the knowledge of one ,supreme ,original being1 the highest unity1 from whom all existence has emanated1 and to whom it strives to return4 ,the finite spirits that rule over the several portions of the ,earth1 seek to counteract this universal tendency to unity2 and from their influence1 their laws1 and arrangements1 proceeds all that checks1 disturbs1 or limits the original communion1 which is the basis of nature1 as the outward manifestation of that highest ,unity4 ,these spirits1 moreover1 seek to retain under their dominion the souls which1 emanating from the highest ,unity1 and still partaking of its nature1 have lapsed into the corporeal world1 and have there been imprisoned in bodies1 in order1 under their dominion1 to be kept within the cycle of migration4 ,from these finite spirits1 the popular religions of different nations derive their origin4 ,but the souls which1 from a reminiscence of their former condition1 soar upward to the contemplation of that higher ,unity1 reach to such perfect freedom and repose1 as nothing afterward can disturb or limit1 and rise superior to the popular deities and religions4 ,as examples of this sort1 they named ,pythagoras1 ,plato1 ,aristotle1 and ,christ4 ,they made no distinction between the latter and the wise and good men of every nation4 ,they taught that any other soul which could soar to the same height of contemplation1 might be regarded as equal with ,him4 ,the ,ophites commenced their system with a ,supreme ,being1 long unknown to the ,human race1 and still so the greater number of men2 the ,greek3 ,buthos1 or ,profundity1 ,source of ,light1 and of ,adam-,kadmon1 the ,primitive ,man1 made by the ,demiourgos1 but perfected by the ,supreme ,god by the communication to him of the ,spirit ,greek3 44 ,pneuma4 ,the first emanation was the ,thought of the ,supreme ,deity the ,greek3 44 ,ennoia1 the conception of the ,universe in the ,thought of ,god4 ,this ,thought1 called also ,silence 7,greek3 44 ,sig71 produced the ,spirit ,greek3 44 ,pneuma1 ,mother of the ,living1 and ,wisdom of ,god4 ,together with this ,primitive ,existence1 ,matter existed also 7the ,waters1 ,darkness1 ,abyss1 and ,chaos71 eternal like the ,spiritual ,principle4 ,buthos and ,his ,thought1 uniting with ,wisdom1 made her fruitful by the ,divine ,light1 and she produced a perfect and an imperfect being1 ,christos1 and a ,second and inferior wisdom1 ,sophia-,achamoth1 who falling into chaos remained entangled there1 became enfeebled1 and lost all knowledge of the ,superior ,wisdom that gave her birth4 ,communicating movement to ,chaos1 she produced ,ialdabaoth1 the ,demiourgos1 ,agent of ,material ,creation1 and then ascended toward her first place in the scale of creation4 ,ialdabaoth produced an angel that was his image1 and this a second1 and so on in succession to the sixth after the ,demiourgos3 the seven being reflections one of the other1 yet different and inhabiting seven distinct regions4 ,the names of the six thus produced were ,,iao1 ,,sabaoth1 ,,adonai1 ,,eloi1 ,,orai1 and ,,astaphai4 ,ialdabaoth1 to become independent of his mother1 and to pass for the ,supreme ,being1 made the world1 and man1 in his own image2 and his mother caused the ,spiritual principle to pass from him into man so made2 and henceforward the contest between the ,demiourgos and his mother1 between light and darkness1 good and evil1 was concentrated in man2 and the image of ,ialdabaoth1 reflected upon matter1 became the ,serpent-,spirit1 ,satan1 the ,evil ,intelligence4 ,eve1 created by ,ialdabaoth1 had by his ,sons children that were angels like themselves4 ,the ,spiritual light was withdrawn from man by ,sophia1 and the world surrendered to the influence of evil2 until the ,spirit1 urged by the entreaties of ,wisdom1 induced the ,supreme ,being to send ,christos to redeem it4 ,compelled1 despite himself1 by his ,mother1 ,ialdabaoth caused the man ,jesus to be born of a ,virgin1 and the ,celestial ,saviour1 uniting with his ,sister1 ,wisdom1 descended through the regions of the seven angels1 appeared in each under the form of its chief1 concealed his own1 and entered with his sister into the man ,jesus at the baptism in ,jordan4 ,ialdabaoth1 finding that ,jesus was destroying his empire and abolishing his worship1 caused the ,jews to hate and crucify ,him2 before which happened1 ,christos and ,wisdom had ascended to the celestial regions4 ,they restored ,jesus to life and gave ,him an ethereal body1 in which ,he remained eighteen mouths on earth1 and receiving from ,wisdom the perfect knowledge 44 ,gnosis1 communicated it to a small number of ,his apostles1 and then arose to the intermediate region inhabited by ,ialdabaoth1 where1 unknown to him1 ,he sits at his right hand1 taking from him the ,souls of ,light purified by ,christos4 ,when nothing of the ,spiritual world shall remain subject to ,ialdabaoth1 the redemption will be accomplished1 and the end of the world1 the completion of the return of ,light into the ,plenitude1 will occur4 ,tatian adopted the theory of ,emanation1 of ,eons1 of the existence of a ,god too sublime to allow ,himself to be known1 but displaying ,himself by ,intelligences emanating from ,his bosom4 ,the first of these was ,his spirit 44 ,pneuma1 ,god ,himself1 ,god thinking1 ,god conceiving the ,universe4 ,the second was the ,word 44 ,logos1 no longer merely the ,thought or ,conception1 but the ,creative ,utterance1 manifestation of the ,divinity1 but emanating from the ,thought or ,spirit2 the ,first-,begotten1 author of the visible creation4 ,this was the ,trinity1 composed of the ,father1 ,spirit1 and ,word4 ,the ,elxates adopted the ,seven ,spirits of the ,gnostics2 but named them ,heaven1 ,water1 ,spirit1 ,the ,holy ,angels of ,prayer1 ,oil1 ,salt1 and the ,earth4 ,the opinion of the ,doketes as to the human nature of ,jesus ,christ1 was that most generally received among the ,gnostics4 ,they deemed the intelligences of the ,superior ,world too pure and too much the antagonists of matter1 to be willing to unite with it3 and held that ,christ1 an ,intelligence of the first rank1 in appearing upon the earth1 did not become confounded with matter1 but took upon ,himself only the appearance of a body1 or at the most used it only as an envelope4 ,notus termed the ,son the first ,utterance of the ,father2 the ,word1 not by ,himself1 as an ,intelligence1 and unconnected with the flesh1 a real ,son2 but a ,word1 and a perfect ,only-,begotten2 light emanated from the ,light2 water flowing from its spring2 a ray emanated from the ,sun4 ,paul of ,samosata taught that ,jesus ,christ was the ,son of ,joseph and ,mary2 but that the ,word1 ,wisdom1 or ,intelligence of ,god1 the ,nous of the ,gnostics1 had united itself with ,him1 so that ,he might be said to be at once the ,son of ,god1 and ,god ,himself4 ,arius called the ,saviour the first of creatures1 non-emanated from ,god1 but really created1 by the direct will of ,god1 before time and the ages4 ,according to the ,church1 ,christ was of the same nature as ,god2 according to some dissenters1 of the same nature as man4 ,arius adopted the theory of a nature analogous to both4 ,when ,god resolved to create the ,human race1 ,he made a ,being which ,he called ,,the ,,word1 ,,the ,,son1 ,,wisdom 1 1 44 ,logos1 ,uios1 ,sophia1 to the end that ,he might give existence to men4 ,this ,,word is the ,ormuzd of ,zoroaster1 the ,ensoph of the ,kabalah1 the ,nous of ,platonism and ,philonism1 and the or ,sophia or ,demiourgos of the ,gnostics4 ,he distinguished the ,inferior ,wisdom1 or the daughter1 from the ,superior ,wisdom2 the latter being in ,god1 inherent in ,his nature1 and incapable of communication to any creature3 the second1 by which the ,son was made1 communicated itself to ,him1 and therefore ,he ,himself was entitled to be called the ,word and the ,son4 ,manes1 founder of the ,sect of the ,manicheans1 who had lived and been distinguished among the ,persian ,magi1 profited by the doctrines of ,scythianus1 a ,kabalist or ,judaizing ,gnostic of the times of the ,apostles2 and knowing those of ,bardesanes and ,harmonius1 derived his doctrines from ,zoroasterism1 ,christianity1 and ,gnosticism4 ,he claimed to be the ,parakltos or ,comforter1 in the ,sense of a ,teacher1 organ of the ,deity1 but not in that of the ,holy ,spirit or ,holy ,ghost3 and commenced his ,epistola ,fundamenti in these words3 ,manes1 ,apostle of ,jesus ,christ1 elect of ,god the ,father2 ,behold the ,words of ,salvation1 emanating from the living and eternal fountain4 ,the dominant idea of his doctrine was ,pantheism1 derived by him from its source in the regions of ,india and on the confines of ,china3 that the cause of all that exists is in ,god2 and at last1 ,god is all in all4 ,all souls are equal--,god is in all1 in men1 animals1 and plants4 ,there are two ,gods1 one of ,good and the other of ,evil1 each independent1 eternal1 chief of a distinct ,empire2 necessarily1 and of their very natures1 hostile to one another4 ,the ,evil ,god1 ,satan1 is the ,genius of matter alone4 ,the ,god of ,good is infinitely his ,superior1 the ,true ,god2 while the other is but the chief of all that is the ,enemy of ,god1 and must in the end succumb to ,his ,power4 ,the ,empire of ,light alone is eternal and true2 and this ,empire is a great chain of ,emanations1 all connected with the ,supreme ,being which they make manifest2 all ,,him1 under different forms1 chosen for one end1 the triumph of the ,good4 ,in each of ,his members lie hidden thousands of ineffable treasures4 ,excellent in ,his ,glory1 incomprehensible in ,his ,greatness1 the ,father has joined to ,himself those fortunate and glorious ,eons 44 ,aions1 whose ,power and ,number it is impossible to determine4 ,this is ,spinoza's ,infinity of ,infinite ,attributes of ,god4 ,twelve ,chief ,eons1 at the head of all1 were the ,genii of the twelve ,constellations of the ,zodiac1 and called by ,manes ,olamin4 ,satan1 also1 ,lord of the ,empire of ,darkness1 had an ,army of ,eons or ,demons1 emanating from his ,essence1 and reflecting more or less his image1 but divided and inharmonious among themselves4 ,a war among them brought them to the confines of the ,realm of ,light4 ,delighted1 they sought to conquer it4 ,but the ,chief of the ,celestial ,empire created a ,power which he placed on the frontiers of ,heaven to protect his ,eons1 and destroy the ,empire of ,evil4 ,this was the ,mother of ,life1 the ,soul of the ,world1 an ,emanation from the ,supreme ,being1 too pure to come in immediate contact with matter4 ,it remained in the highest region2 but produced a ,son1 the first ,man the ,kaiomorts1 ,adam-,kadmon1 ,protos ,anthropos1 and ,hivil-,zivah2 of the ,zend-,avesta1 the ,kabalah1 the ,gnosis1 and ,sabeism2 who commenced the contest with the ,powers of ,evil1 but1 losing part of his panoply1 of his ,light1 his ,son and many souls born of the ,light1 who were devoured by the darkness1 ,god sent to his assistance the living ,spirit1 or the ,son of the ,first ,man 444 ,uios ,anthropou1 or ,jesus ,christ4 ,the ,mother of ,life1 general ,principle of ,divine ,life1 and the first ,man1 ,primitive ,being that reveals the ,divine ,life1 are too sublime to be connected with the ,empire of ,darkness4 ,the ,son of ,man or ,soul of the ,world1 enters into the ,darkness1 becomes its captive1 to end by tempering and softening its savage nature4 ,the ,divine ,spirit1 after having brought back the ,primitive ,man to the ,empire of ,light1 raises above the world that part of the ,celestial ,soul that remained unaffected by being mingled with the ,empire of ,darkness4 ,placed in the region of the ,sun and ,moon1 this pure soul1 the ,son of ,man1 the ,redeemer or ,christ1 labors to deliver and attract to ,himself that part of the ,light or of the ,soul of the ,first ,man diffused through matter2 which done1 the world will cease to exist4 ,to retain the rays of ,light still remaining among his ,eons1 and ever tending to escape and return1 by concentrating them1 the ,prince of ,darkness1 with their consent1 made ,adam1 whose soul was of the ,divine ,light1 contributed by the ,eons1 and his body of matter1 so that he belonged to both ,empires1 that of ,light and that of ,darkness4 ,to prevent the light from escaping at once1 the ,demons forbade ,adam to eat the fruit of knowledge of good and evil1 by which he would have known the ,empire of ,light and that of ,darkness4 ,he obeyed2 an ,angel of ,light induced him to transgress1 and gave him the means of victory2 but the ,demons created ,eve1 who seduced him into an act of ,sensualism1 that enfeebled him1 and bound him anew in the bonds of matter4 ,this is repeated in the case of every man that lives4 ,to deliver the soul1 captive in darkness1 the ,principle of ,light1 or ,genius of the ,sun1 charged to redeem the ,intellectual ,world1 of which he is the type1 came to manifest ,himself among men4 ,light appeared in the darkness1 but the darkness comprehended it not2 according to the words of ,st4 ,john4 ,the ,light could not unite with the darkness4 ,it but put on the appearance of a human body1 and took the name of ,christ in the ,messiah1 only to accommodate itself to the language of the ,jews4 ,the ,light did its work1 turning the ,jews from the adoration of the ,evil ,principle1 and the ,pagans from the worship of ,demons4 ,but the ,chief of the ,empire of ,darkness caused ,him to be crucified by the ,jews4 ,still ,he suffered in appearance only1 and ,his death gave to all souls the symbol of their enfranchisement4 ,the person of ,jesus having disappeared1 there was seen in ,his place a cross of ,light1 over which a celestial voice pronounced these words3 ,the cross of ,light is called ,the ,word1 ,christ1 ,the ,gate1 ,joy1 ,the ,bread1 ,the ,sun1 ,the ,resurrection1 ,jesus1 ,the ,father1 ,the ,spirit1 ,life1 ,truth1 and ,grace4 ,with the ,priscillianists there were two principles1 one the ,divinity1 the other1 ,primitive ,matter and ,darkness2 each eternal4 ,satan is the son and lord of matter2 and the secondary angels and demons1 children of matter4 ,satan created and governs the visible world4 ,but the soul of man emanated from ,god1 and is of the same substance with ,god4 ,seduced by the evil spirits1 it passes through various bodies1 until1 purified and reformed1 it rises to ,god and is strengthened by ,his light4 ,these powers of evil hold mankind in pledge2 and to redeem this pledge1 the ,saviour1 ,christ the ,redeemer1 came and died upon the cross of expiation1 thus discharging the written obligation4 ,he1 like all souls1 was of the same substance with ,god1 a manifestation of the ,divinity1 not forming a second person2 unborn1 like the ,divinity1 and nothing else than the ,divinity under another form4 ,it is useless to trace these vagaries further2 and we stop at the frontiers of the realm of the three hundred and sixty-five thousand emanations of the ,mandates from the ,primitive ,light1 ,fira or ,ferho and ,yavar2 and return contentedly to the simple and sublime creed of ,masonry4 ,such were some of the ancient notions concerning the ,deity2 and taken in connection with what has been detailed in the preceding ,degrees1 this ,lecture affords you a true picture of the ancient speculations4 ,from the beginning until now1 those who have undertaken to solve the great mystery of the creation of a material universe by an ,immaterial ,deity1 have interposed between the two1 and between ,god and man1 divers manifestations of1 or emanations from1 or personified attributes or agents of1 the ,great ,supreme ,god1 who is coexistent with ,time and coextensive with ,space4 ,the universal belief of the ,orient was1 that the ,supreme ,being did not ,himself create either the earth or man4 ,the fragment which commences the ,book of ,genesis1 consisting of the first chapter and the three first verses of the second1 assigns the creation or rather the formation or modelling of the world from matter already existing in confusion1 not to ,,ihuh1 but to the ,,alhim1 well known as ,subordinate ,deities1 ,forces1 or ,manifestations1 among the ,phnicians4 ,the second fragment imputes it to ,,ihuh-,,alhim1#c and ,st4 ,john assigns the creation to the or ,,word2 and asserts that ,,christ was that ,,word1 as well as ,,light and ,,life1 other emanations from the ,great ,primeval ,deity1 to which other faiths had assigned the work of creation4 ,footnote #c3 ,the ,substance1 or ,very ,self1 of which the ,alohayim are the manifestations4 ,an absolute existence1 wholly immaterial1 in no way within the reach of our senses2 a cause1 but not an effect1 that never was not1 but existed during an infinity of eternities1 before there was anything else except ,time and ,space1 is wholly beyond the reach of our conceptions4 ,the mind of man has wearied itself in speculations as to ,his nature1 ,his essence1 ,his attributes2 and ended in being no wiser than it began4 ,in the impossibility of conceiving of immateriality1 we feel at sea and lost whenever we go beyond the domain of matter4 ,and yet we know that there are ,powers1 ,forces1 ,causes1 that are themselves not matter4 ,we give them names1 but what they really are1 and what their essence1 we are wholly ignorant4 ,but1 fortunately1 it does not follow that we may not believe1 or even know1 that which we cannot explain to ourselves1 or that which is beyond the reach of our comprehension4 ,if we believed only that which our intellect can grasp1 measure1 comprehend1 and have distinct and clear ideas of1 we sh ould believe scarce anything4 ,the senses are not the witnesses that bear testimony to us of the loftiest truths4 ,our greatest difficulty is1 that language is not adequate to express our ideas2 because our words refer to things1 and are images of what is substantial and material4 ,if we use the word emanation1 our mind involuntarily recurs to something material1 flowing out of some other thing that is material2 and if we reject this idea of materiality1 nothing is left of the emanation but an unreality4 ,the word thing itself suggests to us that which is material and within the cognizance and jurisdiction of the senses4 ,if we cut away from it the idea of materiality1 it presents itself to us as no thing1 but an intangible unreality1 which the mind vainly endeavors to grasp4 ,existence and ,being are terms that have the same color of materiality2 and when we speak of a ,power or ,force1 the mind immediately images to itself one physical and material thing acting upon another4 ,eliminate that idea2 and the ,power or ,force1 devoid of physical characteristics1 seems as unreal as the shadow that dances on a wall1 itself a mere absence of light2 as spirit is to us merely that which is not matter4 ,infinite space and infinite time are the two primary ideas4 ,we formulize them thus3 add body to body and sphere to sphere1 until the imagination wearies2 and still there will remain beyond1 a void1 empty1 unoccupied ,,space1 limitless1 because it is void4 ,add event to event in continuous succession1 forever and forever1 and there will still remain1 before and after1 a ,,time in which there was and will be no event1 and also endless because it too is void4 ,thus these two ideas of the boundlessness of space and the endlessness of time seem to involve the ideas that matter and events are limited and finite4 ,we cannot conceive of an infinity of worlds or of events2 but only of an indefinite number of each2 for1 as we struggle to conceive of their infinity1 the thought ever occurs in despite of all our efforts--there must be space in which there are no worlds2 there must have been time when there were no events4 ,we cannot conceive how1 if this earth moves millions of millions of miles a million times repeated1 it is still in the centre of space2 nor how1 if we lived millions of millions of ages and centuries1 we should still be in the centre of eternity--with still as much space on one side as on the other2 with still as much time before us as behind2 for that seems to say that the world has not moved nor we lived at all4 ,nor can we comprehend how an infinite series of worlds1 added together1 is no larger than an infinite series of atoms2 or an infinite series of centuries no longer than an infinite series of seconds2 both being alike infinite1 and therefore one series containing no more nor fewer units than the other4 ,nor have we the capacity to form in ourselves any idea of that which is immaterial4 ,we use the word1 but it conveys to us only the idea of the absence and negation of materiality2 which vanishing1 ,space and ,time alone1 infinite and boundless1 seem to us to be left4 ,we cannot form any conception of an effect without a cause4 ,we cannot but believe1 indeed we know1 that1 how far soever we may have to run back along the chain of effects and causes1 it cannot be infinite2 but we must come at last to something which is not an effect1 but the first cause3 and yet the fact is literally beyond our comprehension4 ,the mind refuses to grasp the idea of self-existence1 of existence without a beginning4 ,as well expect the hair that grows upon our head to understand the nature and immortality of the soul4 ,it does not need to go so far in search of mysteries2 nor have we any right to disbelieve or doubt the existence of a ,great ,first ,cause1 itself no effect1 because we cannot comprehend it2 because the words we use do not even express it to us adequately4 ,we rub a needle for a little while1 on a dark1 inert mass of iron ore1 that had lain idle in the earth for many centuries4 ,something is thereby communicated to the steel--we term it a virtue1 a power1 or a quality--and then we balance it upon a pivot2 and1 lo6 drawn by some invisible1 mysterious ,power1 one pole of the needle turns to the ,north1 and there the same ,power keeps the same pole for days and years2 will keep it there1 perhaps1 as long as the world lasts1 carry the needle where you will1 and no matter what seas or mountains intervene between it and the ,north ,pole of the world4 ,and this ,power1 thus acting1 and indicating to the mariner his course over the trackless ocean1 when the stars shine not for many days1 saves vessels from shipwreck1 families from distress1 and those from sudden death on whose lives the fate of nations and the peace of the world depend4 ,but for it1 ,napoleon might never have reached the ports of ,france on his return from ,egypt1 nor ,nelson lived to fight and win at ,trafalgar4 ,men call this ,power ,magnetism1 and then complacently think that they have explained it all2 and yet they have but given a new name to an unknown thing1 to hide their ignorance4 ,what is this wonderful ,power8 ,it is a real1 actual1 active ,power3 that we know and see4 ,but what its essence is1 or how it acts1 we do not know1 any more than we know the essence or the mode of action of the ,creative ,thought and ,word of ,god4 ,and again1 what is that which we term galvanism and electricity1--which1 evolved by the action of a little acid on two metals1 aided by a magnet1 circles the earth in a second1 sending from land to land the ,thoughts that govern the transactions of individuals and nations8 ,the mind has formed no notion of matter1 that will include it2 and no name that we can give it1 helps us to understand its essence and its being4 ,it is a ,power1 like ,thought and the ,will4 ,we know no more4 ,what is this power of gravitation that makes everything upon the earth tend to the centre8 ,how does it reach out its invisible hands toward the erratic meteor-stones1 arrest them in their swift course1 and draw them down to the earth's bosom8 ,it is a power4 ,we know no more4 ,what is that heat which plays so wonderful a part in the world's economy8--that caloric1 latent everywhere1 within us and without us1 produced by combustion1 by intense pressure1 and by swift motion8 ,is it substance1 matter1 spirit1 or immaterial1 a mere ,force or ,state of ,matter8 ,and what is light8 ,a substance1 say the books1--matter1 that travels to us from the sun and stars1 each ray separable into seven1 by the prism1 of distinct colors1 and with distinct peculiar qualities and actions4 ,and if a substance1 what is its essence1 and what power is inherent in it1 by which it journeys incalculable myriads of miles1 and reaches us ten thousand years or more after it leaves the stars8 ,all power is equally a mystery4 ,apply intense cold to a drop of water in the centre of a globe of iron1 and the globe is shattered as the water freezes4 ,confine a little of the same limpid element in a cylinder which ,enceladus or ,typhon could not have riven asunder1 and apply to it intense heat1 and the vast power that couched latent in the water shivers the cylinder to atoms4 ,a little shoot from a minute seed1 a shoot so soft and tender that the least bruise would kill it1 forces its way downward into the hard earth1 to the depth of many feet1 with an energy wholly incomprehensible4 ,what are these mighty forces1 locked up in the small seed and the drop of water8 ,nay1 what is ,,life itself1 with all its wondrous1 mighty energies1--that power which maintains the heat within us1 and prevents our bodies1 that decay so soon without it1 from resolution into their original1 elements--,life1 that constant miracle1 the nature and essence whereof have eluded all the philosophers2 and all their learned dissertations on it are a mere jargon of words8 ,no wonder the ancient ,persians thought that ,light and ,life were one1--both emanations from the ,supreme ,deity1 the archetype of light4 ,no wonder that in their ignorance they worshipped the ,sun4 ,god breathed into man the spirit of life1--not matter1 but an emanation from ,himself2 not a creature made by ,him1 nor a distinct existence2 but a ,power1 like ,his own ,thought3 and light1 to those great-souled ancients1 also seemed no creature1 and no gross material substance1 but a pure emanation from the ,deity1 immortal and indestructible like ,himself4 ,what1 indeed1 is ,,reality8 ,our dreams are as real1 while they last1 as the occurrences of the daytime4 ,we see1 hear1 feel1 act1 experience pleasure and suffer pain1 as vividly and actually in a dream as when awake4 ,the occurrences and transactions of a year are crowded into the limits of a second3 and the dream remembered is as real as the past occurrences of life4 ,the philosophers tell us that we have no cognizance of substance itself1 but only of its attributes3 that when we see that which we call a block of marble1 our perceptions give us information only of something extended1 solid1 colored1 heavy1 and the like2 but not of the very thing itself1 to which these attributes belong4 ,and yet the attributes do not exist without the substance4 ,they are not substances1 but adjectives4 ,there is no such thing or existence as hardness1 weight or color1 by itself1 detached from any subject1 moving first here1 then there1 and attaching itself to this and to the other subject4 ,and yet1 they say1 the attributes are not the subject4 ,so ,thought1 ,volition1 and ,perception are not the soul1 but its attributes2 and we have no cognizance of the soul itself1 but only of them1 its manifestations4 ,nor of ,god2 but only of ,his ,wisdom1 ,power1 ,magnificence1 ,truth1 and other attributes4 ,and yet we know that there is matter1 a soul within our body1 a ,god that lives in the ,universe4 ,take1 then1 the attributes of the soul4 ,i am conscious that ,i exist and am the same identical person that ,i was twenty years ago4 ,i am conscious that my body is not ,i1--that if my arms were lopped away1 this person that ,i call ,,me1 would still remain1 complete1 entire1 identical as before4 ,but ,i cannot ascertain1 by the most intense and long-continued reflection1 what ,i am1 nor where within my body ,i reside1 nor whether ,i am a point1 or an expanded substance4 ,i have no power to examine and inspect4 ,i exist1 will1 think1 perceive4 ,that ,i know1 and nothing more4 ,i think a noble and sublime ,thought4 ,what is that ,thought8 ,it is not ,matter1 nor ,spirit4 ,it is not a ,thing2 but a ,power and ,force4 ,i make upon a paper certain conventional marks1 that represent that ,thought4 ,there is no ,power or ,virtue in the marks ,i write1 but only in the ,thought which they tell to others4 ,i die1 but the ,thought still lives4 ,it is a ,power4 ,it acts on men1 excites them to enthusiasm1 inspires patriotism1 governs their conduct1 controls their destinies1 disposes of life and death4 ,the words ,i speak are but a certain succession of particular sounds1 that by conventional arrangement communicate to others the ,immaterial1 ,intangible1 ,eternal ,thought4 ,the fact that ,thought continues to exist an instant1 after it makes its appearance in the soul1 proves it immortal3 for there is nothing conceivable that can destroy it4 ,the spoken words1 being mere sounds1 may vanish into thin air1 and the written ones1 mere marks1 be burned1 erased1 destroyed3 but the ,,thought itself lives still1 and must live on forever4 ,a ,human ,thought1 then1 is an actual ,,existence1 and a ,,force and ,,power1 capable of acting upon and controlling matter as well as mind4 ,is not the existence of a ,god1 who is the immaterial soul of the ,universe1 and whose ,,thought1 embodied or not embodied in ,his ,,word1 is an ,infinite ,power1 of ,creation and production1 destruction and preservation1 quite as comprehensible as the existence of a ,soul1 of a ,thought separated from the ,soul1 of the ,power of that ,thought to mould the fate and influence the ,destinies of ,humanity8 ,and yet we know not when that ,thought comes1 nor what it is4 ,it is not ,,we4 ,we do not mould it1 shape it1 fashion it4 ,it is neither our mechanism nor our invention4 ,it appears spontaneously1 flashing1 as it were1 into the soul1 making that soul the involuntary instrument of its utterance to the world4 ,it comes to us1 and seems a stranger to us1 seeking a home4 ,as little can we explain the mighty power of the human ,,will4 ,volition1 like ,thought1 seems spontaneous1 an effect without a cause4 ,circumstances provoke it1 and serve as its occasion1 but do not produce it4 ,it springs up in the soul1 like ,thought1 as the waters gush1 upward in a spring4 ,is it the manifestation of the soul1 merely making apparent what passes within the soul1 or an emanation from it1 going abroad and acting outwardly1 itself a real ,existence1 as it is an admitted ,power8 ,we can but own our ignorance4 ,it is certain that it acts on other souls1 controls1 directs them1 shapes their action1 legislates for men and nations3 and yet it is not material nor visible2 and the laws it writes merely inform one soul of what has passed within another4 ,god1 therefore1 is a mystery1 only as everything that surrounds us1 and as we ourselves1 are mysteries4 ,we know that there is and must be a ,,first ,,cause4 ,his attributes1 severed from ,himself1 are unrealities4 ,as color and extension1 weight and hardness1 do not exist apart from matter as separate existences and substantives1 spiritual or immaterial2 so the ,goodness1 ,wisdom1 ,justice1 ,mercy1 and ,benevolence of ,god are not independent existences1 personify them as men may1 but attributes of the ,deity1 the adjectives of ,one ,great ,substantive4 ,but we know that ,he must be ,good1 ,true1 ,wise1 ,just1 ,benevolent1 ,merciful3 and in all these1 and all ,his other attributes1 ,perfect and ,infinite2 because we are conscious that these are laws imposed on us by the very nature of things1 necessary1 and without which the ,universe would be confusion and the existence of a ,god incredible4 ,they are of ,his essence1 and necessary1 as ,his existence is4 ,he is the ,living1 ,thinking1 ,intelligent ,,soul of the ,universe1 the ,,permanent1 the ,,stationary 44 ,estos1 of ,simon ,magus1 the ,,one that always is ,to 1 ,to ,,on of ,plato1 as contradistinguished from the perpetual flux and reflux1 or ,genesis1 of things4 ,and1 as the ,thought of the ,soul1 emanating from the ,soul1 becomes audible and visible in ,words1 so did ,,the ,,thought ,,of ,,god1 springing up within ,himself1 immortal as ,himself1 when once conceived1--immortal before1 because in ,himself1 utter ,itself in ,,the ,,word1 its manifestation and mode of communication1 and thus create the ,material1 ,mental1 ,spiritual ,universe1 which1 like ,him1 never began to exist4 ,this is the real idea of the ,ancient ,nations3 ,,god1 the ,almighty ,father1 and ,source of ,all2 ,his ,,thought1 conceiving the whole ,universe1 and willing its creation3 ,his ,,word1 uttering that ,,thought1 and thus becoming the ,creator or ,demiourgos1 in whom was ,life and ,light1 and that ,light the ,life of the ,universe4 ,nor did that ,word cease at the single act of ,creation2 and having set going the great machine1 and enacted the laws of its motion and progression1 of birth and life1 and change and death1 cease to exist1 or remain thereafter in inert idleness4 ,,for ,,the ,,thought ,,of ,,god ,,lives ,,and ,,is ,,immortal4 ,embodied in the ,,word1 is not only created1 but it preserves4 ,it conducts and controls the ,universe1 all spheres1 all worlds1 all actions of mankind1 and of every animate and inanimate creature4 ,it speaks in the soul of every man who lives4 ,the ,stars1 the ,earth1 the ,trees1 the ,winds1 the universal voice of ,nature1 tempest1 and avalanche1 the ,sea's roar and the grave voice of the waterfall1 the hoarse thunder and the low whisper of the brook1 the song of birds1 the voice of love1 the speech of men1 all are the alphabet in which it communicates itself to men1 and informs them of the will and law of ,god1 the ,soul of the ,universe4 ,and thus most truly did ,,the ,,word ,,become ,,flesh ,,and ,,dwell ,,among ,,men4 ,god1 the unknown ,,father 44 ,pater ,agnstos1 known to us only by ,his ,attributes2 the ,,absolute ,i ,,am3444 ,the ,,thought of ,god 4 ,ennoia1 and the ,,word 4444 ,logos1 ,manifestation and expression of the ,thought2 4444 ,behold ,,the ,,true ,,masonic ,,trinity2 the ,,universal ,,soul1 the ,,thought in the ,soul1 the ,,word1 or ,thought expressed2 the ,,three ,,in ,,one1 of a ,trinitarian ,ecossais4 ,here ,masonry pauses1 and leaves its ,initiates to carry out and develop these great ,truths in such manner as to each may seem most accordant with reason1 philosophy1 truth1 and his religious faith4 ,it declines to act as ,arbiter between them4 ,it looks calmly on1 while each multiplies the intermediates between the ,deity and ,matter1 and the personifications of ,god's manifestations and attributes1 to whatever extent his reason1 his conviction1 or his fancy dictates4 ,while the ,indian tells us that ,,parabrahma1 ,,brahm1 and ,,paratma were the first ,triune ,god1 revealing ,himself as ,,brahma1 ,,vishnu1 and ,,siva1 ,creator1 ,preserver1 and ,destroyer24444 ,the ,egyptian1 of ,,amun-,,re1 ,,neith1 and ,,phtha1 ,creator1 ,matter1 ,thought or ,light2 the ,persian of his ,trinity of ,three ,powers in ,,ormuzd1 ,sources of ,light1 ,fire1 and ,water2 the ,buddhists of the ,god ,,sakya1 a ,trinity composed of ,,buddha1 ,,dharma1 and ,,sanga1--,intelligence1 ,law1 and ,union or ,harmony2 the ,chinese ,sabeans of their ,trinity of ,chang-ti1 the ,supreme ,sovereign2 ,tien1 the ,heavens2 and ,tao1 the ,universal ,supreme ,reason and ,principle of all things2 who produced the ,unit2 that1 two2 two1 three2 and three1 all that is24444 ,while the ,sclavono-,vend typifies his ,trinity by the three heads of the ,god ,triglav2 the ,ancient ,prussian points to his ,triune ,god1 ,perkoun1 ,pikollos1 and ,potrimpos1 ,deities of ,light and ,thunder1 of ,hell and of the ,earth2 the ,ancient ,scandinavian to ,odin1 ,frea1 and ,thor2 and the old ,etruscans to ,,tina1 ,,talna1 and ,,minerva1 ,strength1 ,abundance1 and ,wisdom24444 ,while ,plato tells us of the ,supreme ,good1 the ,reason or ,intellect1 and the ,soul or ,spirit2 and ,philo of the ,archetype of ,light1 ,wisdom 1 and the ,word 2 the ,kabalists1 of the ,triads of the ,sephiroth24444 ,while the disciples of ,simon ,magus1 and the many sects of the ,gnostics1 confuse us with their ,eons1 ,emanations1 ,powers1 ,wisdom ,superior and ,inferior1 ,ialdabaoth1 ,adam-,kadmon1 even to the three hundred and sixty-five thousand emanations of the ,maldates2 4444 ,and while the pious ,christian believes that the ,,word dwelt in the ,mortal ,body of ,jesus of ,nazareth1 and suffered upon the ,cross2 and that the ,,holy ,,ghost was poured out upon the ,apostles1 and now inspires every truly ,christian ,soul34444 ,while all these faiths assert their claims to the exclusive possession of the ,truth4 ,masonry inculcates its old doctrine1 and no more34444 ,that ,god is ,,one2 that ,his ,,thought uttered in ,his ,,word1 created the ,universe1 and preserves it by those ,eternal ,laws which are the expression of that ,thought3 that the ,soul of ,man1 breathed into him by ,god1 is immortal as ,his ,thoughts are2 that he is free to do evil or to choose good1 responsible for his acts and punishable for his sins3 that all evil and wrong and suffering are but temporary1 the discords of one great ,harmony1 and that in ,his good time they will lead by infinite modulations to the great1 harmonic final chord and cadence of ,truth1 ,love1 ,peace1 and ,happiness1 that will ring forever and ever under the ,arches of ,heaven1 among all the ,stars and ,worlds1 and in all souls of men and ,angels4 ,illustration ,,xxvii4 ,,knight ,,commander ,,of ,,the ,,temple ,this is the first of the really ,chivalric ,degrees of the ,ancient and ,accepted ,scottish ,rite4 ,it occupies this place in the ,calendar of the ,degrees between the #bfth and the last of the ,philosophical ,degrees1 in order1 by breaking the continuity of these1 to relieve what might otherwise become wearisome2 and also to remind you that1 while engaged with the speculations and abstractions of philosophy and creeds1 the ,mason is also to continue engaged in the active duties of this great warfare of life4 ,he is not only a ,moralist and ,philosopher1 but a ,soldier1 the ,successor of those ,knights of the ,middle ,age1 who1 while they wore the ,cross1 also wielded the ,sword1 and were the ,soldiers of ,honor1 ,loyalty1 and ,duty4 ,times change1 and circumstances2 but ,virtue and ,duty remain the same4 ,the ,evils to be warred against but take another shape1 and are developed in a different form4 ,there is the same need now of truth and loyalty as in the days of ,frederic ,barbarossa4 ,the characters1 religious and military1 attention to the sick and wounded in the ,hospital1 and war against the ,infidel in the field1 are no longer blended2 but the same duties1 to be performed in another shape1 continue to exist and to environ us all4 ,the innocent virgin is no longer at the mercy of the brutal ,baron or licentious man-at-arms2 but purity and innocence still need protectors4 ,war is no longer the apparently natural ,state of ,society2 and for most men it is an empty obligation to assume1 that they will not recede before the enemy2 but the same high duty and obligation still rest upon all men4 ,truth1 in act1 profession1 and opinion1 is rarer now than in the days of chivalry4 ,falsehood has become a current coin1 and circulates with a certain degree of respectability2 because it has an actual value4 ,it is indeed the great ,vice of the ,age--it1 and its twin-sister1 ,dishonesty4 ,men1 for political preferment1 profess whatever principles are expedient and profitable4 ,at the bar1 in the pulpit1 and in the halls of legislation1 men argue against their own convictions1 and1 with what they term logic1 prove to the satisfaction of others that which they do not themselves believe4 ,insincerity and duplicity are valuable to their possessors1 like estates in stocks1 that yield a certain revenue3 and it is no longer the truth of an opinion or a principle1 but the net profit that may be realized from it1 which is the measure of its value4 ,the ,press is the great sower of falsehood4 ,to slander a political antagonist1 to misrepresent all that he says1 and1 if that be impossible1 to invent for him what he does not say2 to put in circulation whatever baseless calumnies against him are necessary to defeat him1--these are habits so common as to have ceased to excite notice or comment1 much less surprise or disgust4 ,there was a time when a ,knight would die rather than utter a lie1 or break his ,knightly word4 ,the ,knight ,commander of the ,temple revives the old ,knightly spirit2 and devotes himself to the old ,knightly worship of ,truth4 ,no profession of an opinion not his own1 for expediency's sake or profit1 or through fear of the world's disfavor2 no slander of even an enemy2 no coloring or perversion of the sayings or acts of other men2 no insincere speech and argument for any purpose1 or under any pretext1 must soil his fair escutcheon4 ,out of the ,chapter1 as well as in it1 he must speak the ,truth1 and all the ,truth1 no more and no less2 or else speak not at all4 ,to purity and innocence everywhere1 the ,knight ,commander owes protection1 as of old2 against bold violence1 or those1 more guilty than murderers1 who by art and treachery seek to slay the soul2 and against that want and destitution that drive too many to sell their honor and innocence for food4 ,in no age of the world has man had better opportunity than now to display those lofty virtues and that noble heroism that so distinguished the three great military and religious ,orders1 in their youth1 before they became corrupt and vitiated by prosperity and power4 ,when a fearful epidemic ravages a city1 and death is inhaled with the air men breathe2 when the living scarcely suffice to bury the dead1--most men flee in abject terror1 to return and live1 respectable and influential1 when the danger has passed away4 ,but the old ,knightly spirit of devotion and disinterestedness and contempt of death still lives1 and is not extinct in the human heart4 ,everywhere a few are found to stand firmly and unflinchingly at their posts1 to front and defy the danger1 not for money1 or to be honored for it1 or to protect their own household2 but from mere humanity1 and to obey the unerring dictates of duty4 ,they nurse the sick1 breathing the pestilential atmosphere of the hospital4 ,they explore the abodes of want and misery4 ,with the gentleness of woman1 they soften the pains of the dying1 and feed the lamp of life in the convalescent4 ,they perform the last sad offices to the dead2 and they seek no other reward than the approval of their own consciences4 ,these are the true ,knights of the present age3 these1 and the captain who remains at his post on board his shattered ship until the last boat1 loaded to the water's edge with passengers and crew1 has parted from her side2 and then goes calmly down with her into the mysterious depths of the ocean3--the pilot who stands at the wheel while the swift flames eddy round him and scorch away his life3--the fireman who ascends the blazing walls1 and plunges amid the flames to save the property or lives of those who have upon him no claim by tie of blood1 or friendship1 or even of ordinary acquaintance3--these1 and others like these3--all men1 who1 set at the post of duty1 stand there manfully2 to die1 if need be1 but not to desert their post3 for these1 too1 are sworn not to recede before the enemy4 ,to the performance of duties and of acts of heroism like these1 you have devoted yourself1 my ,brother1 by becoming a ,knight ,commander of the ,temple4 ,soldier of the ,truth and of ,loyalty6 ,protector of ,purity and ,innocence6 ,defier of ,plague and ,pestilence6 ,nurser of the ,sick and ,burier of the ,dead6 ,knight1 preferring ,death to abandonment of the ,post of ,duty6 ,welcome to the bosom of this ,order6 ,illustration ,,xxviii4 ,,knight ,,of ,,the ,,sun1 ,,or ,,prince ,,adept4 ,god1 is the author of everything that existeth2 the ,eternal1 the ,supreme1 the ,living1 and ,awful ,being2 from ,whom nothing in the ,universe is hidden4 ,make of ,him no idols and visible images2 but rather worship ,him in the deep solitudes of sequestered forests2 for ,he is invisible1 and fills the ,universe as its soul1 and liveth not in any ,temple6 ,light and ,darkness are the ,world's ,eternal ways4 ,god is the principle of everything that exists1 and the ,father of all ,beings4 ,he is eternal1 immovable and ,self-,existent4 ,there are no bounds to ,his power4 ,at one glance ,he sees the ,past1 the ,present1 and the ,future2 and the procession of the builders of the ,pyramids1 with us and our remotest ,descendants1 is now passing before ,him4 ,he reads our thoughts before they are known to ourselves4 ,he rules the movements of the ,universe and all events and revolutions are the creatures of ,his will4 ,for ,he is the infinite ,mind and ,supreme ,intelligence4 ,in the beginning ,man had the ,,word1 and that ,,word was from ,god3 and out of the living power which1 in and by that ,,word1 was communicated to man1 came the ,,light of his existence4 ,let no man speak the ,,word1 for by it ,,the ,,father made light and darkness1 the world and living creatures4 ,the ,chaldean upon his plains worshipped me1 and the sea-loving ,phnician4 ,they builded me temples and towers1 and burned sacrifices to me upon a thousand altars4 ,light was divine to them1 and they thought me a ,god4 ,but ,i am nothing--nothing2 and ,,light is the creature of the unseen ,,god that taught the true religion to the ,ancient ,patriarchs3 ,,awful1 ,,mysterious1 ,,the ,,absolute4 ,man was created pure2 and ,god gave him ,,truth1 as ,he gave him ,,light4 ,he has lost the truth and found error4 ,he has wandered far into darkness2 and round him ,sin and ,shame hover evermore4 ,the ,soul that is impure1 and sinful1 and defiled with earthly stains1 cannot again unite with ,god1 until1 by long trials and many purifications1 it is finally delivered from the old calamity2 and ,light overcomes ,darkness and dethrones it1 in the ,soul4 ,god is the ,first2 indestructible1 eternal1 ,,uncreated1 ,,indivisible4 ,wisdom1 ,justice1 ,truth1 and ,mercy1 with ,harmony and ,love1 are of ,his essence1 and ,eternity and ,infinitude of ,extension4 ,he is silent1 and consents with ,,mind1 and is known to ,souls through ,,mind alone4 ,in ,him were all things originally contained1 and from ,him all things were evolved4 ,for out of ,his ,divine ,,silence and ,,rest1 after an infinitude of time1 was unfolded the ,,word1 or the ,divine ,,power2 and then in turn the ,mighty1 ever-acting1 measureless ,,intellect2 and from the ,,word were evolved the myriads of suns and systems that make the ,universe2 and fire1 and light1 and the electric ,,harmony1 which is the harmony of spheres and numbers3 and from the ,,intellect all ,souls and intellects of men4 ,in the ,beginning1 the ,universe was but ,,one ,,soul4 ,,he was ,,the ,,all1 alone with ,,time and ,,space1 and ,infinite as they4 --,,he ,,had ,,this ,,thought3 ,i ,create ,worlds3 and lo6 the ,universe1 and the laws of harmony and motion that rule it1 the expression of a thought of ,god2 and bird and beast1 and every living thing but ,man3 and light and air1 and the mysterious currents1 and the dominion of mysterious numbers6 --,,he ,,had ,,this ,,thought3 ,i ,create ,man1 whose ,soul shall be my image1 and he shall rule4 ,and lo6 ,man1 with senses1 instinct1 and a reasoning mind6 --,and yet not ,,man6 but an animal that breathed1 and saw1 and thought3 until an immaterial spark from ,god's own ,infinite ,being penetrated the brain1 and became the ,soul3 and lo1 ,,man ,,the ,,immortal6 ,thus1 threefold1 fruit of ,god's thought1 is ,man2 that sees and hears and feels2 that thinks and reasons2 that loves and is in harmony with the ,universe4 ,before the world grew old1 the primitive ,truth faded out from men's ,souls4 ,then man asked himself1 ,what am ,i8 and how and whence am ,i8 and whither do ,i go8 ,and the ,soul1 looking inward upon itself1 strove to learn whether that ,i were mere matter2 its thought and reason and its passions and affections mere results of material combination2 or a material ,being enveloping an immaterial ,spirit3 444 and further it strove1 by self-examination1 to learn whether that ,spirit were an individual essence1 with a separate immortal existence1 or an infinitesimal portion of a ,great ,first ,principle1 inter-penetrating the ,universe and the infinitude of space1 and undulating like light and heat3 444 and so they wandered further amid the mazes of error2 and imagined vain philosophies2 wallowing in the sloughs of materialism and sensualism1 of beating their wings vainly in the vacuum of abstractions and idealities4 ,while yet the first oaks still put forth their leaves1 man lost the perfect knowledge of the ,one ,true ,god1 the ,ancient ,absolute ,existence1 the ,infinite ,mind and ,supreme ,intelligence2 and floated helplessly out upon the shoreless ocean of conjecture4 ,then the soul vexed itself with seeking to learn whether the material ,universe was a mere chance combination of atoms1 or the work of ,infinite1 ,uncreated ,wisdom3444 whether the ,deity was a concentrated1 and the ,universe an extended immateriality2 or whether ,he was a personal existence1 an ,omnipotent1 ,eternal1 ,supreme ,essence1 regulating matter at will2 or subjecting it to unchangeable laws throughout eternity2 and to ,whom1 ,himself ,infinite and ,eternal1 ,space and ,time are unknown4 ,with their finite limited vision they sought to learn the source and explain the existence of ,evil1 and ,pain1 and ,sorrow2 and so they wandered ever deeper into the darkness1 and were lost2 and there was for them no longer any ,god2 but only a great1 dumb1 soulless ,universe1 full of mere emblems and symbols4 ,you have heretofore1 in some of the ,degrees through which you have passed1 heard much of the ancient worship of the ,sun1 the ,moon1 and the other bright luminaries of ,heaven1 and of the ,elements and ,powers of ,universal ,nature4 ,you have been made1 to some extent1 familiar with their personifications as ,heroes suffering or triumphant1 or as personal ,gods or ,goddesses1 with human characteristics and passions1 and with the multitude of legends and fables that do but allegorically represent their risings and settings1 their courses1 their conjunctions and oppositions1 their domiciles and places of exaltation4 ,perhaps you have supposed that we1 like many who have written on these subjects1 have intended to represent this worship to you as the most ancient and original worship of the first men that lived4 ,to undeceive you1 if such was your conclusion1 we have caused the ,personifications of the ,great ,luminary of ,heaven1 under the names by which he was known to the most ancient nations1 to proclaim the old primitive truths that were known to the ,fathers of our race1 before men came to worship the visible manifestations of the ,supreme ,power and ,magnificence and the ,supposed ,attributes of the ,universal ,deity in the ,elements and in the glittering armies that ,night regularly marshals and arrays upon the blue field of the firmament4 ,we ask now your attention to a still further development of these truths1 after we shall have added something to what we have already said in regard to the ,chief ,luminary of ,heaven1 in explanation of the names and characteristics of the several imaginary ,deities that represented him among the ancient races of men4 ,,athom or ,,athom-,,re1 was the ,chief and ,oldest ,supreme ,god of ,upper ,egypt1 worshipped at ,thebes2 the same as the ,,om or ,,aum of the ,hinds1 whose name was unpronounceable1 and who1 like the ,,brehm of the latter ,people1 was ,the ,being that was1 and is1 and is to come2 the ,great ,god1 the ,great ,omnipotent1 ,omniscient1 and ,omnipresent ,one1 the ,greatest in the ,universe1 the ,lord2 whose emblem was a perfect sphere1 showing that ,he was first1 last1 midst1 and without end2 superior to all ,nature-,gods1 and all personifications of ,powers1 ,elements1 and ,luminaries2 symbolized by ,light1 the ,principle of ,life4 ,,amun was the ,nature-,god1 or ,spirit of ,nature1 called by that name or ,,amun-,,re1 and worshipped at ,memphis in ,lower ,egypt1 and in ,libya1 as well as in ,upper ,egypt4 ,he was the ,libyan ,jupiter1 and represented the intelligent and organizing force that develops itself in ,nature1 when the intellectual types or forms of bodies are revealed to the senses in the world's order1 by their union with matter1 whereby the generation of bodies is effected4 ,he was the same with ,kneph1 from whose mouth issued the ,orphic egg out of which came the ,universe4 ,,dionusos was the ,nature-,god of the ,greeks1 as ,,amun was of the ,egyptians4 ,in the popular legend1 ,dionusos1 as well as ,hercules1 was a ,theban ,hero1 born of a mortal mother4 ,both were sons of ,zeus1 both persecuted by ,her4 ,but in ,hercules the ,god is subordinate to the ,hero2 while ,dionusos1 even in poetry1 retains his divine character1 and is identical with ,iacchus1 the presiding genius of the ,mysteries4 ,personification of the ,sun in ,taurus1 as his ox-hoofs showed1 he delivered earth from the harsh dominion of ,winter1 conducted the mighty chorus of the ,stars1 and the celestial revolution of the year1 changed with the seasons1 and underwent their periodical decay4 ,he was the ,sun as invoked by the ,eleans1 ,greek3 1 ushered into the world amidst lightning and thunder1 the ,mighty ,hunter of the ,zodiac1 ,zagreus the ,golden or ruddy-faced4 ,the ,mysteries taught the doctrine of ,divine ,unity2 and that ,power whose ,oneness is a seeming mystery1 but really a truism1 was ,dionusos1 the ,god of ,nature1 or of that1 moisture1 which is the life of ,nature1 who prepares in darkness1 in ,hades or ,iasion1 the return of life and vegetation1 or is himself the light and change evolving their varieties4 ,in the ,egean ,islands he was ,butes1 ,dardanus1 ,himeros or ,imbros2 in ,crete he appears as ,iasius or even ,zeus1 whose orgiastic worship1 remaining unveiled by the usual forms of mystery1 betrayed to profane curiosity the symbols which1 if irreverently contemplated1 were sure to be misunderstood4 ,he was the same with the dismembered ,zagreus1 the son of ,persephone1 an ,ancient ,subterranean ,dionusos1 the horned progeny of ,zeus in the ,constellation of the ,serpent1 entrusted by his father with the thunderbolt1 and encircled with the protecting dance of ,curetes4 ,through the envious artifices of ,her1 the ,titans eluded the vigilance of his guardians and tore him to pieces2 but ,pallas restored the still palpitating heart to his father1 who commanded ,apollo to bury the dismembered remains upon ,parnassus4 ,dionusos1 as well as ,apollo1 was leader of the ,muses2 the tomb of one accompanied the worship of the other2 they were the same1 yet different1 contrasted1 yet only as filling separate parts in the same drama2 and the mystic and heroic personifications1 the ,god of ,nature and of ,art1 seem1 at some remote period1 to have proceeded from a common source4 ,their separation was one of form rather than of substance3 and from the time when ,hercules obtained initiation from ,triptolemus1 or ,pythagoras received ,orphic tenets1 the two conceptions were tending to re-combine4 ,it was said that ,dionusos or ,poseidon had preceded ,apollo in the ,oracular office2 and ,dionusos continued to be esteemed in ,greek ,theology as ,healer and ,saviour1 ,author of ,life and ,immortality4 ,the dispersed ,pythagoreans1 ,sons of ,apollo1 immediately betook themselves to the ,orphic ,service of ,dionusos1 and there are indications that there was always something ,dionysiac in the worship of ,apollo4 ,dionusos is the ,sun1 that liberator of the elements2 and his spiritual meditation was suggested by the same imagery which made the ,zodiac the supposed path of the ,spirits in their descent and their return4 ,his second birth1 as offspring of the highest1 is a type of the spiritual regeneration of man4 ,he1 as well as ,apollo1 was precentor of the ,muses and source of inspiration4 ,his rule prescribed no unnatural mortification3 its yoke was easy1 and its mirthful choruses1 combining the gay with the severe1 did but commemorate that golden age when earth enjoyed eternal spring1 and when fountains of honey1 milk1 and wine burst forth out of its bosom at the touch of the thyrsus4 ,he is the ,liberator4 ,like ,osiris1 he frees the soul1 and guides it in its migrations beyond the grave1 preserving it from the risk of again falling under the slavery of matter or of some inferior animal form4 ,all soul is part of the ,universal ,soul1 whose totality is ,dionusos2 and he leads back the vagrant spirit to its home1 and accompanies it through the purifying processes1 both real and symbolical1 of its earthly transit4 ,he died and descended to the ,shades2 and his suffering was the great secret of the ,mysteries1 as death is the grand mystery of existence4 ,he is the immortal suitor of ,psyche 7the ,soul71 the ,divine influence which physically called the world into being1 and which1 awakening the soul from its ,stygian trance1 restores it from earth to ,heaven4 ,of ,,hermes1 the ,mercury of the ,greeks1 the ,thoth of the ,egyptians1 and the ,taaut of the ,phnicians1 we have heretofore spoken sufficiently at length4 ,he was the inventor of letters and of ,oratory1 the winged messenger of the ,gods1 bearing the ,caduceus wreathed with serpents2 and in our ,council he is represented by the ,,orator4 ,the ,hinds called the ,sun ,,surya2 the ,persians1 ,,mithras2 the ,egyptians1 ,,osiris2 the ,assyrians and ,chaldans1 ,,bel2 the ,scythians and ,etruscans and the ancient ,pelasgi1 ,,arkaleus or ,,hercules2 the ,phnicians1 ,,adonai or ,,adon2 and the ,scandinavians1 ,,odin4 ,from the name ,,surya1 given by the ,hinds to the ,sun1 the ,sect who paid him particular adoration were called ,souras4 ,their painters describe his car as drawn by seven green horses4 ,in the ,temple of ,visweswara1 at ,benares1 there is an ancient piece of sculpture1 well executed in stone1 representing him sitting in a car drawn by a horse with twelve heads4 ,his charioteer1 by whom he is preceded1 is ,,arun from ,hebrew3 1 ,,aur the ,crepusculum81 or the ,dawn2 and among his many titles are twelve that denote his distinct powers in each of the twelve months4 ,those powers are called ,adityas1 each of whom has a particular name4 ,surya is supposed frequently to have descended upon earth1 in a human shape1 and to have left a race on earth1 equally renowned in ,indian story with the ,heliades of ,greece4 ,he is often styled ,king of the ,stars and ,planets1 and thus reminds us of the ,adon-,tsbauth 7,lord of the ,starry ,hosts7 of the ,hebrew writings4 ,,mithras was the ,sun-,god of the ,persians2 and was fabled to have been born in a grotto or cave1 at the ,winter ,solstice4 ,his feasts were celebrated at that period1 at the moment when the sun commenced to return ,northward1 and to increase the length of the days4 ,this was the great ,feast of the ,magian religion4 ,the ,roman ,calendar1 published in the time of ,constantine1 at which period his worship began to gain ground in the ,occident1 fixed his feast-day on the #beth of ,december4 ,his statues and images were inscribed1 ,deo-,soli invicto ,mithr--to the invincible ,sun-,god ,mithras4 ,nomen invictum ,sol ,mithra 444 ,soli ,omnipotenti ,mithr4 ,to him1 gold1 incense1 and myrrh were consecrated4 ,thee1 says ,martianus ,capella1 in his hymn to the ,sun1 the dwellers on the ,nile adore as ,serapis1 and ,memphis worships as ,osiris2 in the sacred rites of ,persia thou art ,mithras1 in ,phrygia1 ,atys1 and ,libya bows down to thee as ,ammon1 and ,phnician ,byblos as ,adonis2 and thus the whole world adores thee under different names4 ,,osiris was the son of ,helios 7,phra71 the divine offspring congenerate with the dawn1 and at the same time an incarnation of ,kneph or ,agathodmon1 the ,good ,spirit1 including all his possible manifestations1 either physical or moral4 ,he represented in a familiar form the beneficent aspect of all higher emanations and in him was developed the conception of a ,being purely good1 so that it became necessary to set up another power as his adversary called ,seth1 ,babys or ,typhon1 to account for the injurious influences of ,nature4 ,with the phenomena of agriculture1 supposed to be the invention of ,osiris1 the ,egyptians connected the highest truths of their religion4 ,the soul of man was as the seed hidden in the ground1 and the mortal framework1 similarly consigned to its dark resting-place1 awaited its restoration to life's unfailing source4 ,osiris was not only benefactor of the living2 he was also ,hades1 ,serapis1 and ,rhadamanthus1 the monarch of the dead4 ,death1 therefore1 in ,egyptian opinion1 was only another name for renovation1 since its ,god is the same power who incessantly renews vitality in ,nature4 ,every corpse duly embalmed was called ,osiris1 and in the grave was supposed to be united1 or at least brought into approximation1 to the ,divinity4 ,for when ,god became incarnate for man's benefit1 it was implied that1 in analogy with ,his assumed character1 ,he should submit to all the conditions of visible existence4 ,in death1 as in life1 ,isis and ,osiris were patterns and precursors of mankind2 their sepulchres stood within the temples of the ,superior ,gods2 yet though their remains might be entombed at ,memphis or ,abydus1 their divinity was unimpeached1 and they either shone as luminaries in the heavens1 or in the unseen world presided over the futurity of the disembodied spirits whom death had brought nearer to them4 ,the notion of a dying ,god1 so frequent in ,oriental legend1 and of which we have already said much in former ,degrees1 was the natural inference from a literal interpretation of nature-worship2 since nature1 which in the vicissitudes of the seasons seems to undergo a dissolution1 was to the earliest religionists the express image of the ,deity1 and at a remote period one and the same with the varied ,god1 whose attributes were seen not only in its vitality1 but in its changes4 ,the unseen ,mover of the ,universe was rashly identified with its obvious fluctuations4 ,the speculative ,deity suggested by the drama of nature1 was worshipped with imitative and sympathetic rites4 ,a period of mourning about the ,autumnal ,equinox1 and of joy at the return of ,spring1 was almost universal4 ,phrygians and ,paphlagonians1 ,botians1 and even ,athenians1 were all more or less attached to such observances2 the ,syrian damsels sat weeping for ,thammuz or ,adoni1 mortally wounded by the tooth of ,winter1 symbolized by the boar1 its very general emblem3 and these rites1 and those of ,atys and ,osiris1 were evidently suggested by the arrest of vegetation1 when the ,sun1 descending from his altitude1 seems deprived of his generating power4 ,osiris is a being analogous to the ,syrian ,,adoni2 and the fable of his history1 which we need not here repeat1 is a narrative form of the popular religion of ,egypt1 of which the ,sun is the ,hero1 and the agricultural calendar the moral4 ,the moist valley of the ,nile1 owing its fertility to the annual inundation1 appeared1 in contrast with the surrounding desert1 like life in the midst of death4 ,the inundation was in evident dependence on the ,sun1 and ,egypt1 environed with arid deserts1 like a heart within a burning censer1 was the female power1 dependent on the influences personified in its ,god4 ,typhon his brother1 the type of darkness1 drought1 and sterility1 threw his body into the ,nile2 and thus ,osiris1 the good1 the ,saviour1 perished1 in the #bhth year of his life or reign1 and on the #agth day of the month ,athor1 or the #acth of ,november4 ,he is also made to die during the heats of the early ,summer1 when1 from ,march to ,july1 the earth was parched with intolerable heat1 vegetation was scorched1 and the languid ,nile exhausted4 ,from that death he rises when the ,solstitial ,sun brings the inundation1 and ,egypt is filled with mirth and acclamation anticipatory of the second harvest4 ,from his ,wintry death he rises with the early flowers of ,spring1 and then the joyful festival of ,osiris found was celebrated4 ,so the pride of ,jemsheed1 one of the ,persian ,sun-heroes1 or the solar year personified1 was abruptly cut off by ,zohak1 the tyrant of the ,west4 ,he was sawn asunder by a fish-bone1 and immediately the brightness of ,iran changed to gloom4 ,ganymede and ,adonis1 like ,osiris1 were hurried off in all their strength and beauty2 the premature death of ,linus1 the burthen of the ancient lament of ,greece1 was like that of the ,persian ,siamek1 the ,bithynian ,hylas1 and the ,egyptian ,maneros1 ,son of ,menes or the ,eternal4 ,the elegy called ,maneros was sung at ,egyptian banquets1 and an effigy enclosed within a diminutive ,sarcophagus was handed round to remind the guests of their brief tenure of existence4 ,the beautiful ,memnon1 also1 perished in his prime2 and ,enoch1 whose early death was lamented at ,iconium1 lived #cfe years1 the number of days of the solar year2 a brief space when compared with the longevity of his patriarchal kindred4 ,the story of ,osiris is reflected in those of ,orpheus and ,dionusos ,zagreus1 and perhaps in the legends of ,absyrtus and ,pelias1 of son1 ,thyestes1 ,melicertes1 ,itys1 and ,pelops4 ,io is the disconsolate ,isis or ,niobe3 and ,rhea mourns her dismembered ,lord ,hyperion1 and the death of her son ,helios1 drowned in the ,eridanus2 and if ,apollo and ,dionusos are immortal1 they had died under other names1 as ,orpheus1 ,linus1 or ,hyacinthus4 ,the sepulchre of ,zeus was shown in ,crete4 ,hippolytus was associated in divine honors with ,apollo1 and after he had been torn to pieces like ,osiris1 was restored to life by the ,ponian herbs of ,diana1 and kept darkling in the secret grove of ,egeria4 ,zeus deserted ,olympus to visit the ,ethiopians2 ,apollo underwent servitude to ,admetus2 ,theseus1 ,peirithous1 ,hercules1 and other heroes1 descended for a time to ,hades2 a dying ,nature-,god was exhibited in the ,mysteries1 the ,attic women fasted1 sitting on the ground1 during the ,thesmophoria1 and the ,botians lamented the descent of ,cora-,proserpine to the ,shades4 ,but the death of the ,deity1 as understood by the ,orientals1 was not inconsistent with ,his immortality4 ,the temporary decline of the ,sons of ,light is but an episode in their endless continuity2 and as the day and year are more convenient subdivisions of the ,infinite1 so the fiery deaths of ,phathon or ,hercules are but breaks in the same ,phnix process of perpetual regeneration1 by which the spirit of ,osiris lives forever in the succession of the ,memphian ,apis4 ,every year witnesses the revival of ,adonis2 and the amber tears shed by the ,heliades for the premature death of their brother1 are the golden shower full of prolific hope1 in which ,zeus descends from the brazen vault of ,heaven into the bosom of the parched ground4 ,,bal1 representative or personification of the sun1 was one of the ,great ,gods of ,syria1 ,assyria1 and ,chaldea1 and his name is found upon the monuments of ,nimroud1 and frequently occurs in the ,hebrew writings4 ,he was the ,great ,nature-,god of ,babylonia1 the ,power of heat1 life1 and generation4 ,his symbol was the ,sun1 and he was figured seated on a bull4 ,all the accessories of his great temple at ,babylon1 described by ,herodotus1 are repeated with singular fidelity1 but on a smaller scale1 in the ,hebrew tabernacle and temple4 ,the golden statue alone is wanted to complete the resemblance4 ,the word ,bal or ,baal1 like the word ,adon1 signifies ,lord and ,master4 ,he was also the ,supreme ,deity of the ,moabites1 ,amonites1 and ,carthaginians1 and of the ,sabeans in general2 the ,gauls worshipped the ,sun under the name of ,belin or ,belinus3 and ,bela is found among the ,celtic ,deities upon the ancient monuments4 ,the ,northern ancestors of the ,greeks maintained with hardier habits a more manly style of religious symbolism than the effeminate enthusiasts of the ,south1 and had embodied in their ,perseus1 ,,hercules and ,,mithras1 the consummation of the qualities they esteemed and exercised4 ,almost every nation will be found to have had a mythical being1 whose strength or weakness1 virtues or defects1 more or less nearly describe the ,sun's career through the seasons4 ,there was a ,celtic1 a ,teutonic1 a ,scythian1 an ,etruscan1 a ,lydian ,hercules1 all whose legends became tributary to those of the ,greek hero4 ,the name of ,hercules was found by ,herodotus to have been long familiar in ,egypt and the ,east1 and to have originally belonged to a much higher personage than the comparatively modern hero known in ,greece as the ,son of ,alcmena4 ,the temple of the ,hercules of ,tyre was reported to have been built #bcjj years before the time of ,herodotus2 and ,hercules1 whose ,greek name has been sometimes supposed to be of ,phnician origin1 in the sense of ,circuitor1 i4e4 rover and perambulator of earth1 as well as ,hyperion of the sky1 was the patron and model of those famous navigators who spread his altars from coast to coast through the ,mediterranean1 to the extremities of the ,west1 where ,,arkaleus built the ,city of ,gades1 and where a perpetual fire burned in his service4 ,he was the lineal descendant of ,perseus1 the luminous child of darkness1 conceived within a subterranean vault of brass2 and he a representation of the ,persian ,mithras1 rearing his emblematic lions above the gates of ,mycen1 and bringing the sword of ,jemsheed to battle against the ,gorgons of the ,west4 ,mithras is similarly described in the ,zend-,avesta as the mighty hero1 the rapid runner1 whose piercing eye embraces all1 whose arm bears the club for the destruction of the ,darood4 ,hercules ,ingeniculus1 who1 bending on one knee1 uplifts his club and tramples on the ,serpent's head1 was1 like ,prometheus and ,tantalus1 one of the varying aspects of the struggling and declining ,sun4 ,the victories of ,hercules are but exhibitions of ,solar power which have ever to be repeated4 ,it was in the far ,north1 among the ,hyperboreans1 that1 divested of his ,lion's skin he lay down to sleep1 and for a time lost the horses of his chariot4 ,henceforth that ,northern region of gloom1 called the place of the death and revival of ,adonis1 that ,caucasus whose summit was so lofty1 that1 like the ,indian ,meru1 it seemed to be both the goal and commencement of the ,sun's career1 became to ,greek imaginations the final bourne of all things1 the abode of ,winter and desolation1 the pinnacle of the arch connecting the upper and lower world1 and consequently the appropriate place for the banishment of ,prometheus4 ,the daughters of ,israel1 weeping for ,thammuz1 mentioned by ,ezekiel1 sat looking to the ,north1 and waiting for his return from that region4 ,it was while ,cybele with the ,sun-,god was absent among the ,hyperboreans1 that ,phrygia1 abandoned by her1 suffered the horrors of famine4 ,delos and ,delphi awaited the return of ,apollo from the ,hyperboreans1 and ,hercules brought thence to ,olympia the olive4 ,to all ,masons1 the ,north has immemorially been the place of darkness2 and of the great lights of the ,lodge1 none is in the ,north4 ,mithras1 the rock-born hero ,greek3 1 heralded the ,sun's return in ,spring1 as ,prometheus1 chained in his cavern1 betokened the continuance of ,winter4 ,the ,persian beacon on the mountain-top represented the ,rock-born ,divinity enshrined in his worthiest temple2 and the funeral conflagration of ,hercules was the sun dying in glory behind the ,western hills4 ,but though the transitory manifestation suffers or dies1 the abiding and eternal power liberates and saves4 ,it was an essential attribute of a ,titan1 that he should arise again after his fall2 for the revival of ,nature is as certain as its decline1 and its alternations are subject to the appointment of a power which controls them both4 ,god1 says ,maximus ,tyrius1 did not spare ,his own ,son ,hercules1 or exempt ,him from the calamities incidental to humanity4 ,the ,theban progeny of ,jove had his share of pain and trial4 ,by vanquishing earthly difficulties he proved his affinity with ,heaven4 ,his life was a continuous struggle4 ,he fainted before ,typhon in the desert2 and in the commencement of the ,autumnal season 7cum long redit hora noctis71 descended under the guidance of ,minerva to ,hades4 ,he died2 but first applied for initiation to ,eumolpus1 in order to foreshadow that state of religious preparation which should precede the momentous change4 ,even in ,hades he rescued ,theseus and removed the stone of ,ascalaphus1 reanimated the bloodless spirits1 and dragged into the light of day the monster ,cerberus1 justly reputed invincible because an emblem of ,time itself2 he burst the chains of the grave 7for ,busiris is the grave personified71 and triumphant at the close as in the dawn of his career1 was received after his labors into the repose of the heavenly mansions1 living forever with ,zeus in the arms of ,eternal ,youth4 ,,odin is said to have borne twelve names among the old ,germans1 and to have had #aad names besides4 ,he was the ,apollo of the ,scandinavians1 and is represented in the ,voluspa as destined to slay the monstrous snake4 ,then the ,sun will be extinguished1 the earth be dissolved in the ocean1 the stars lose their brightness1 and all ,nature be destroyed1 in order that it may be renewed again4 ,from the bosom of the waters a new world will emerge clad in verdure2 harvests will be seen to ripen where no seed was sown1 and evil will disappear4 ,the free fancy of the ancients1 which wove the web of their myths and legends1 was consecrated by faith4 ,it had not1 like the modern mind1 set apart a petty sanctuary of borrowed beliefs1 beyond which all the rest was common and unclean4 ,imagination1 reason1 and religion circled round the same symbol2 and in all their symbols there was serious meaning1 if we could but find it out4 ,they did not devise fictions in the same vapid spirit in which we1 cramped by conventionalities1 read them4 ,in endeavoring to interpret creations of fancy1 fancy as well as reason must guide3 and much of modern controversy arises out of heavy misapprehensions of ancient symbolism4 ,to those ancient peoples1 this earth was the centre of the ,universe4 ,to them there were no other worlds1 peopled with living beings1 to divide the care and attention of the ,deity4 ,to them the ,world was a great plain1 of unknown1 perhaps inconceivable limits1 and the ,sun1 the ,moon1 and the ,stars journeyed above it1 to give them light4 ,the worship of the ,sun became the basis of all the religions of antiquity4 ,to them light and heat were mysteries2 as indeed they still are to us4 ,as the ,sun caused the day1 and his absence the night2 as1 when he journeyed ,northward1 ,spring and ,summer followed him2 and when he again turned to the ,south1 ,autumn and inclement ,winter1 and cold and long dark nights ruled the earth2 444 as his influence produced the leaves and flowers1 and ripened the harvests1 and brought regular inundation1 he necessarily became to them the most interesting object of the material ,universe4 ,to them he was the innate fire of bodies1 the fire of nature4 ,author of ,life1 heat1 and ignition1 he was to them the efficient cause of all generation1 for without him there was no movement1 no existence1 no form4 ,he was to them immense1 indivisible1 imperishable1 and everywhere present4 ,it was their need of light1 and of his creative energy1 that was felt by all men2 and nothing was more fearful to them than his absence4 ,his beneficent influences caused his identification with the ,principle of ,good2 and the ,,brahma of the ,hindus1 the ,,mithras of the ,persians1 and ,,athom1 ,,amun1 ,,phtha1 and ,,osiris1 of the ,egyptians1 the ,,bel of the ,chaldeans1 the ,,adonai of the ,phnicians1 the ,,adonis and ,,apollo of the ,greeks became but personifications of the ,sun1 the regenerating ,principle1 image of that fecundity which perpetuates and rejuvenates the world's existence4 ,so too the struggle between the ,good and ,evil ,principles was personified1 as was that between life and death1 destruction and re-creation2 in allegories and fables which poetically represented the apparent course of the ,sun2 who1 descending toward the ,southern ,hemisphere1 was figuratively said to be conquered and put to death by darkness1 or the genius of ,evil2 but1 returning again toward the ,northern ,hemisphere1 he seemed to be victorious1 and to arise from the tomb4 ,this death and resurrection were also figurative of the succession of day and night1 of death1 which is a necessity of life1 and of life which is born of death2 and everywhere the ancients still saw the combat between the two ,principles that ruled the world4 ,everywhere this contest was embodied in allegories and fictitious histories3 into which were ingeniously woven all the astronomical phenomena that accompanied1 preceded1 or followed the different movements of the ,sun1 and the changes of ,seasons1 the approach or withdrawal of inundation4 ,and thus grew into stature and strange proportions the histories of the contests between ,typhon and ,osiris1 ,hercules and ,juno1 the ,titans and ,jupiter1 ,ormuzd and ,ahriman1 the rebellious ,angels and the ,deity1 the ,evil ,genii and the ,good2 and the other like fables1 found not only in ,asia1 but in the ,north of ,europe1 and even among the ,mexicans and ,peruvians of the ,new ,world2 carried thither1 in all probability1 by those ,phnician voyagers who bore thither civilization and the arts4 ,the ,scythians lamented the death of ,acmon1 the ,persians that of ,zohak conquered by ,pheridoun1 the ,hinds that of ,soura-,parama slain by ,soupra-,muni1 as the ,scandinavians did that of ,balder1 torn to pieces by the blind ,hother4 ,the primitive idea of infinite space existed in the first men1 as it exists in us4 ,it and the idea of infinite time are the first two innate ideas4 ,man cannot conceive how thing can be added to thing1 or event follow event1 forever4 ,the idea will ever return1 that no matter how long bulk is added to bulk1 there must be1 still beyond1 an empty void without limit2 in which is nothing4 ,in the same way the idea of time without beginning or end forces itself on him4 ,time1 without events1 is also a void1 and nothing4 ,in that empty void space the primitive men knew there was no light nor warmth4 ,they felt1 what we know scientifically1 that there must be a thick darkness there1 and an intensity of cold of which we have no conception4 ,into that void they thought the ,sun1 the ,planets1 and the ,stars went down when they set under the ,western ,horizon4 ,darkness was to them an enemy1 a harm1 a vague dread and terror4 ,it was the very embodiment of the evil principle2 and out of it they said that he was formed4 ,as the ,sun bent ,southward toward that void1 they shuddered with dread3 and when1 at the ,winter ,solstice1 he again commenced his ,northward march1 they rejoiced and feasted2 as they did at the ,summer ,solstice1 when most he appeared to smile upon them in his pride of place4 ,these days have been celebrated by all civilized nations ever since4 ,the ,christian has made them feast-days of the church1 and appropriated them to the two ,saints ,john2 and ,masonry has done the same4 ,we1 to whom the vast ,universe has become but a great machine1 not instinct with a great ,,soul1 but a clockwork of proportions unimaginable1 but still infinitely less than infinite2 and part at least of which we with our orreries can imitate2 we1 who have measured the distances and dimensions1 and learned the specific gravity and determined the orbits of the moon and the planets2 we1 who know the distance to the sun1 and his size2 have measured the orbits of the flashing comets1 and the distances of the fixed stars2 and know the latter to be suns like our sun1 each with his retinue of worlds1 and all governed by the same unerring1 mechanical laws and outwardly imposed forces1 centripetal and centrifugal2 we1 who with our telescopes have separated the galaxy and the nebulae into other stars and groups of stars2 discovered new planets1 by first discovering their disturbing forces upon those already known2 and learned that they all1 ,jupiter1 ,venus1 and the fiery ,mars1 and ,saturn and the others1 as well as the bright1 mild1 and ever-changing ,moon1 are mere dark1 dull opaque clods like our earth1 and not living orbs of brilliant fire and heavenly light2 we1 who have counted the mountains and chasms in the moon1 with glasses that could distinctly reveal to us the temple of ,solomon1 if it stood there in its old original glory2 we1 who no longer imagine that the stars control our destinies1 and who can calculate the eclipses of the sun and moon1 backward and forward1 for ten thousand years2 we1 with our vastly increased conceptions of the powers of the ,grand ,architect of the ,universe1 but our wholly material and mechanical view of that ,universe itself2 we cannot1 even in the remotest degree1 feel1 though we may partially and imperfectly imagine1 how those great1 primitive1 simple-hearted children of ,nature felt in regard to the ,starry ,hosts1 there upon the slopes of the ,himalayas1 on the ,chaldean plains1 in the ,persian and ,median deserts1 and upon the banks of that great1 strange ,river1 the ,nile4 ,to them the ,universe was alive--instinct with forces and powers1 mysterious and beyond their comprehension4 ,to them it was no machine1 no great system of clockwork2 but a great live creature1 an army of creatures1 in sympathy with or inimical to man4 ,to them1 all was a mystery and a miracle1 and the stars flashing overhead spoke to their hearts almost in an audible language4 ,jupiter1 with his kingly splendors1 was the ,emperor of the starry legions4 ,venus looked lovingly on the earth and blessed it2 ,mars1 with his crimson fires1 threatened war and misfortune2 and ,saturn1 cold and grave1 chilled and repelled them4 ,the ever-changing ,moon1 faithful companion of the ,sun1 was a constant miracle and wonder2 the ,sun himself the visible emblem of the creative and generative power4 ,to them the earth was a great plain1 over which the sun1 the moon1 and the planets revolved1 its servants1 framed to give it light4 ,of the stars1 some were beneficent existences that brought with them ,spring-time and fruits and flowers1--some1 faithful sentinels1 advising them of coming inundation1 of the season of storm and of deadly winds2 some heralds of evil1 which1 steadily foretelling1 they seemed to cause4 ,to them the eclipses were portents of evil1 and their causes hidden in mystery1 and supernatural4 ,the regular returns of the stars1 the comings of ,arcturus1 ,orion1 ,sirius1 the ,pleiades1 and ,aldebaran1 and the journeyings of the ,sun1 were voluntary and not mechanical to them4 ,what wonder that astronomy became to them the most important of sciences2 that those who learned it became rulers2 and that vast edifices1 the ,pyramids1 the tower or temple of ,bel1 and other like erections everywhere in the ,east1 were builded for astronomical purposes8--and what wonder that1 in their great child-like simplicity1 they worshipped ,light1 the ,sun1 the ,planets1 and the ,stars1 and personified them1 and eagerly believed in the histories invented for them2 in that age when the capacity for belief was infinite2 as indeed1 if we but reflect1 it still is and ever will be8 ,if we adhered to the literally historic sense1 antiquity would be a mere inexplicable1 hideous chaos1 and all the ,sages deranged3 and so it would be with ,masonry and those who instituted it4 ,but when these allegories are explained1 they cease to be absurd fables1 or facts purely local2 and become lessons of wisdom for entire humanity4 ,no one can doubt1 who studies them1 that they all came from a common source4 ,and he greatly errs who imagines that1 because the mythological legends and fables of antiquity are referable to and have their foundation in the phenomena of the ,heavens1 and all the ,heathen ,gods are but mere names given to the ,sun1 the ,stars1 the ,planets1 the ,zodiacal ,signs1 the ,elements1 the ,powers of ,nature1 and ,universal ,nature herself1 therefore the first men worshipped the ,stars1 and whatever things1 animate and inanimate1 seemed to them to possess and exercise a power or influence1 evident or imagined1 over human fortunes and human destiny4 ,for ever1 in all the nations1 ascending to the remotest antiquity to which the light of ,history or the glimmerings of tradition reach1 we find1 seated above all the gods which represent the luminaries and the elements1 and those which personify the innate ,powers of universal nature1 a still higher ,deity1 silent1 undefined1 incomprehensible1 the ,supreme1 one ,god1 from ,whom all the rest flow or emanate1 or by ,him are created4 ,above the ,time-,god ,horus1 the ,moon-,goddess or ,earth-,goddess ,isis1 and the ,sun-,god ,osiris1 of the ,egyptians1 was ,amun1 the ,nature-,god2 and above him1 again1 the ,infinite1 ,incomprehensible ,deity1 ,,athom4 ,,brehm1 the silent1 self-contemplative1 one original ,god1 was the ,source1 to the ,hinds1 of ,brahma1 ,vishnu1 and ,siva4 ,above ,zeus1 or before him1 were ,kronos and ,ouranos4 ,over the ,alohayim was the great ,nature-,god ,,al1 and still beyond him1 ,abstract ,existence1 ,,ihuh--,he that ,,is1 ,,was1 and ,,shall ,,be4 ,above all the ,persian ,deities was the ,unlimited ,time1 ,,zeruane-,,akherene2 and over ,odin and ,thor was the ,great ,scandinavian ,deity ,,alfadir4 ,the worship of ,universal ,nature as a ,god was too near akin to the worship of a ,universal ,soul1 to have been the instinctive creed of any savage people or rude race of men4 ,to imagine all nature with all its apparently independent parts1 as forming one consistent whole1 and as itself a unit1 required an amount of experience and a faculty of generalization not possessed by the rude uncivilized mind1 and is but a step below the idea of a universal ,soul4 ,in the beginning man had the ,,word2 and that ,,word was from ,god2 and out of the living ,,power communicated to man in and by that ,,word1 came ,,the ,,light of ,his ,existence4 ,god made man in ,his own likeness4 ,when1 by a long succession of geological changes1 ,he had prepared the earth to be his habitation1 ,he created him1 and placed him in that part of ,asia which all the old nations agreed in calling the cradle of the human race1 and whence afterward the stream of human life flowed forth to ,india1 ,china1 ,egypt1 ,persia1 ,arabia1 and ,phnicia4 ,,he communicated to him a knowledge of the nature of his ,creator1 and of the pure1 primitive1 undefiled religion4 ,the peculiar and distinctive excellence and real essence of the primitive man1 and his true nature and destiny1 consisted in his likeness to ,god4 ,,he stamped ,his own image upon man's soul4 ,that image has been1 in the breast of every individual man and of mankind in general1 greatly altered1 impaired1 and defaced2 but its old1 half-obliterated characters are still to be found on all the pages of primitive history2 and the impress1 not entirely effaced1 every reflecting mind may discover in its own interior4 ,of the original revelation to mankind1 of the primitive ,,word of ,divine ,,truth1 we find clear indications and scattered traces in the sacred traditions of all the primitive ,nations2 traces which when separately examined1 appear like the broken remnants1 the mysterious and hieroglyphic characters1 of a mighty edifice that has been destroyed2 and its fragments1 like those of the old ,temples and ,palaces of ,nimroud1 wrought incongruously into edifices many centuries younger4 ,and1 although amid the ever-growing degeneracy of mankind1 this primeval word of revelation was falsified by the admixture of various errors1 and overlaid and obscured by numberless and manifold fictions1 inextricably confused1 and disfigured almost beyond the power of recognition1 still a profound inquiry will discover in heathenism many luminous vestiges of primitive ,truth4 ,for the old ,heathenism had everywhere a foundation in ,truth2 and if we could separate that pure intuition into nature and into the simple symbols of nature1 that constituted the basis of all ,heathenism1 from the alloy of error and the additions of fiction1 those first hieroglyphic traits of the instinctive science of the first men1 would be found to agree with truth and a true knowledge of nature1 and to afford an image of a free1 pure1 comprehensive1 and finished philosophy of life4 ,the struggle1 thenceforward to be eternal1 between the ,divine will and the natural will in the souls of men1 commenced immediately after the creation4 ,cain slew his brother ,abel1 and went forth to people parts of the earth with an impious race1 forgetters and defiers of the true ,god4 ,the other ,descendants of the ,common ,father of the race intermarried with the daughters of ,cain's ,descendants3 and all nations preserved the remembrance of that division of the human family into the righteous and impious1 in their distorted legends of the wars between the ,gods1 and the ,giants and ,titans4 ,when1 afterward1 another similar division occurred1 the ,descendants of ,seth alone preserved the true primitive religion and science1 and transmitted them to posterity in the ancient symbolical character1 on monuments of stone3 and many nations preserved in their legendary traditions the memory of the columns of ,enoch and ,seth4 ,then the world declined from its original happy condition and fortunate estate1 into idolatry and barbarism3 but all nations retained the memory of that old estate2 and the poets1 in those early days the only historians1 commemorated the succession of the ages of gold1 silver1 brass1 and iron4 ,in the lapse of those ages1 the sacred tradition followed various courses among each of the most ancient nations2 and from its original source1 as from a common centre1 its various streams flowed downward2 some diffusing through favored regions of the world fertility and life2 but others soon losing themselves1 and being dried up in the sterile sands of human error4 ,after the internal and ,divine ,,word originally communicated by ,god to man1 had become obscured2 after man's connection with his ,creator had been broken1 even outward language necessarily fell into disorder and confusion4 ,the simple and ,divine ,truth was overlaid with various and sensual fictions1 buried under illusive symbols1 and at last perverted into horrible phantoms4 ,for in the progress of idolatry it needs came to pass1 that what was originally revered as the symbol of a higher principle1 became gradually confounded or identified with the object itself1 and was worshipped2 until this error led to a more degraded form of idolatry4 ,the early nations received much from the primeval source of sacred tradition2 but that haughty pride which seems an inherent part of human nature led each to represent these fragmentary relics of original truth as a possession peculiar to themselves2 thus exaggerating their value1 and their own importance1 as peculiar favorites of the ,deity1 who had chosen them as the favored people to whom to commit these truths4 ,to make these fragments1 as far as possible1 their private property1 they reproduced them under peculiar forms1 wrapped them up in symbols1 concealed them in allegories1 and invented fables to account for their own special possession of them4 ,so that1 instead of preserving in their primitive simplicity and purity these blessings of original revelation1 they overlaid them with poetical ornament2 and the whole wears a fabulous aspect1 until by close and severe examination we discover the truth which the apparent fable contains4 ,these being the conflicting elements in the breast of man2 the old inheritance or original dowry of truth1 imparted to him by ,god in the primitive revelation2 and error1 or the foundation for error1 in his degraded sense and spirit now turned from ,god to nature1 false faiths easily sprung up and grew rank and luxuriant1 when the ,divine ,truth was no longer guarded with jealous care1 nor preserved in its pristine purity4 ,this soon happened among most ,eastern nations1 and especially the ,indians1 the ,chaldeans1 the ,arabians1 the ,persians1 and the ,egyptians2 with whom imagination1 and a very deep but still sensual feeling for nature1 were very predominant4 ,the ,northern firmament1 visible to their eyes1 possesses by far the largest and most brilliant constellations2 and they were more alive to the impressions made by such objects1 than are the men of the present day4 ,with the ,chinese1 a patriarchal1 simple1 and secluded people1 idolatry long made but little progress4 ,they invented writing within three or four generations after the flood2 and they long preserved the memory of much of the primitive revelation2 less overlaid with fiction than those fragments which other nations have remembered4 ,they were among those who stood nearest to the source of sacred tradition2 and many passages in their old writings contain remarkable vestiges of eternal truth1 and of the ,,word of primitive revelation1 the heritage of old thought1 which attest to us their original eminence4 ,but among the other early nations1 a wild enthusiasm and a sensual idolatry of nature soon superseded the simple worship of the ,almighty ,god1 and set aside or disfigured the pure belief in the ,eternal ,uncreated ,spirit4 ,the great powers and elements of nature1 and the vital principle of production and procreation through all generations2 then the celestial spirits or heavenly ,host1 the luminous armies of the ,stars1 and the great ,sun1 and mysterious1 ever-changing ,moon 7all of which the whole ancient world regarded not as mere globes of light or bodies of fire1 but as animated living substances1 potent over man's fate and destinies72 next the genii and tutelar spirits1 and even the souls of the dead1 received divine worship4 ,the animals1 representing the starry constellations1 first reverenced as symbols merely1 came to be worshipped as gods2 the heavens1 earth1 and the operations of nature were personified2 and fictitious personages invented to account for the introduction of science and arts1 and the fragments of the old religious truths2 and the good and bad principles personified1 became also objects of worship2 while1 through all1 still shone the silver threads of the old primitive revelation4 ,increasing familiarity with early oriental records seems more and more to confirm the probability that they all originally emanated from one source4 ,the eastern and southern slopes of the ,paropismus1 or ,hindukusch1 appear to have been inhabited by kindred ,iranian races1 similar in habits1 language1 and religion4 ,the earliest ,indian and ,persian ,deities are for the most part symbols of celestial light1 their agency being regarded as an eternal warfare with the powers of ,winter1 storm1 and darkness4 ,the religion of both was originally a worship of outward nature1 especially the manifestations of fire and light2 the coincidences being too marked to be merely accidental4 ,deva1 ,god1 is derived from the root div1 to shine4 ,indra1 like ,ormuzd or ,ahura-,mazda1 is the bright firmament2 ,sura or ,surya1 the ,heavenly1 a name of the ,sun1 recurs in the ,zend word ,huare1 the ,sun1 whence ,khur and ,khorshid or ,corasch4 ,uschas and ,mitra are ,medic as well as ,zend ,deities and the ,amschaspands or immortal ,holy ,ones of the ,zend-,avesta may be compared with the seven ,rishis or ,vedic ,star-,god1 of the constellation of the ,bear4 ,zoroastrianism1 like ,buddhism1 was an innovation in regard to an older religion2 and between the ,parsee and ,brahmin may be found traces of disruption as well as of coincidence4 ,the original ,nature-worship1 in which were combined the conceptions both of a ,universal ,presence and perpetuity of action1 took different directions of development1 according to the difference between the ,indian and ,persian mind4 ,the early shepherds of the ,punjaub1 then called the country of the ,seven ,rivers1 to whose intuitional or inspired wisdom 7,veda7 we owe what are perhaps the most ancient religious effusions extant in any language1 apostrophized as living beings the physical objects of their worship4 ,first in this order of ,deities stands ,indra1 the ,god of the blue or glittering firmament1 called ,devaspiti1 ,father of the ,devas or ,elemental ,powers1 who measured out the circle of the sky1 and made fast the foundations of the ,earth2 the ideal domain of ,varouna1 the ,all-encompasser1 is almost equally extensive1 including air1 water1 night1 the expanse between ,heaven and ,earth2 ,agni1 who lives on the fire of the sacrifice1 on the domestic hearth1 and in the lightnings of the sky1 is the great ,mediator between ,god and ,man2 ,uschas1 or the ,dawn1 leads forth the ,gods in the morning to make their daily repast in the intoxicating ,soma of ,nature's offertory1 of which the ,priest could only compound1 from simples a symbolical imitation4 ,then came the various ,sun-,gods1 ,adityas or ,solar ,attributes1 ,surya the ,heavenly1 ,savitri the ,progenitor1 ,pashan the ,nourisher1 ,bagha the ,felicitous1 and ,mitra the ,friend4 ,the coming forth of the ,eternal ,being to the work of creation was represented as a marriage1 his first emanation being a universal mother1 supposed to have potentially existed with him from ,eternity1 or1 in metaphorical language1 to have been his sister and his spouse4 ,she became eventually promoted to be the ,mother of the ,indian ,trinity1 of the ,deity under ,his three ,attributes1 of ,creation1 ,preservation1 and ,change or ,regeneration4 ,the most popular forms or manifestations of ,vishnu the ,preserver1 were his successive avataras or historic impersonations1 which represented the ,deity coming forth out of the incomprehensible mystery of ,his nature1 and revealing ,himself at those critical epochs which either in the physical or moral world seemed to mark a new commencement of prosperity and order4 ,combating the power of ,evil in the various departments of ,nature1 and in successive periods of time1 the ,divinity1 though varying in form1 is ever in reality the same1 whether seen in useful agricultural or social inventions1 in traditional victories over rival creeds1 or in physical changes faintly discovered through tradition1 or suggested by cosmogonical theory4 ,as ,rama1 the ,epic hero armed with sword1 club1 and arrows1 the prototype of ,hercules and ,mithras1 he wrestles like the ,hebrew ,patriarch with the ,powers of ,darkness2 as ,chrishna-,govinda1 the ,divine ,shepherd1 he is the ,messenger of ,peace1 overmastering the world by music and love4 ,under the human form he never ceases to be the ,supreme ,being4 ,the foolish 7he says1 in ,bhagavad ,ghita71 unacquainted with my ,supreme ,nature1 despise me in this human form1 while men of great minds1 enlightened by the ,divine principle within them1 acknowledge me as incorruptible and before all things1 and serve me with undivided hearts4 ,i am not recognized by all1 he says again1 because concealed by the supernatural power which is in me2 yet to me are known all things past1 present1 and to come2 ,i existed before ,vaivaswata and ,menou4 ,i am the ,most ,high ,god1 the ,creator of the ,world1 the ,eternal ,poorooscha 7,man-,world or ,genius of the ,world74 ,and although in my own nature ,i am exempt from liability to birth or death1 and am ,lord of all created things1 yet as often as in the world virtue is enfeebled1 and vice and injustice prevail1 so often do ,i become manifest and am revealed from age to age1 to save the just1 to destroy the guilty1 and to reassure the faltering steps of virtue4 ,he who acknowledgeth me as even so1 doth not on quitting this mortal frame enter into another1 for he entereth into me2 and many who have trusted in me have already entered into me1 being purified by the power of wisdom4 ,i help those who walk in my path1 even as they serve me4 ,brahma1 the creating agent1 sacrificed himself1 when1 by descending into material forms1 he became incorporated with his work2 and his mythological history was interwoven with that of the ,universe4 ,thus1 although spiritually allied to the ,supreme1 and ,lord of all creatures 7,prajapati71 he shared the imperfection and corruption of an inferior nature1 and1 steeped in manifold and perishable forms1 might be said1 like the ,greek ,uranus1 to be mutilated and fallen4 ,he thus combined two characters1 formless form1 immortal and mortal1 being and non-being1 motion and rest4 ,as ,incarnate ,intelligence1 or ,,the ,,word1 he communicated to man what had been revealed to himself by the ,eternal1 since he is creation's ,soul as well as ,body1 within which the ,divine ,word is written in those living letters which it is the prerogative of the self-conscious spirit to interpret4 ,the fundamental principles of the religion of the ,hinds consisted in the belief in the existence of ,one ,being only1 of the immortality of the soul1 and of a future state of rewards and punishments4 ,their precepts of morality inculcate the practice of virtue as necessary for procuring happiness even in this transient life2 and their religious doctrines make their felicity in a future state to depend upon it4 ,besides their doctrine of the transmigration of souls1 their dogmas may be epitomized under the following heads3 #ast4 ,the existence of one ,god1 from ,whom all things proceed1 and to ,whom all must return4 ,to him they constantly apply these expressions--,the ,universal and ,eternal ,essence2 that which has ever been and will ever continue2 that which vivifies and pervades all things2 ,he who is everywhere present1 and causes the celestial bodies to revolve in the course ,he has prescribed to them4 #b;d4 ,a tripartite division of the ,good ,principle1 for the purposes of ,creation1 ,preservation1 and ,renovation by change and death4 #c;d4 ,the necessary existence of an ,evil ,principle1 occupied in counteracting the benevolent purposes of the first1 in their execution by the ,devata or ,subordinate ,genii1 to whom is entrusted the control over the various operations of nature4 ,and this was part of their doctrine3 ,one great and incomprehensible ,being has alone existed from all ,eternity4 ,everything we behold and we ourselves are portions of ,him4 ,the soul1 mind or intellect1 of gods and men1 and of all sentient creatures1 are detached portions of the ,universal ,soul1 to which at stated periods they are destined to return4 ,but the mind of finite beings is impressed by one uninterrupted series of illusions1 which they consider as real1 until again united to the great fountain of truth4 ,of these illusions1 the first and most essential is individuality4 ,by its influence1 when detached from its source1 the soul becomes ignorant of its own nature1 origin1 and destiny4 ,it considers itself as a separate existence1 and no longer a spark of the ,divinity1 a link of one immeasurable chain1 an infinitely small but indispensable portion of one great whole4 ,their love of imagery caused them to personify what they conceived to be some of the attributes of ,god1 perhaps in order to present things in a way better adapted to the comprehensions of the vulgar1 than the abstruse idea of an indescribable1 invisible ,god2 and hence the invention of a ,brahma1 a ,vishnu1 and a ,siva or ,iswara4 ,these were represented under various forms2 but no emblem or visible sign of ,brihm or ,brehm1 the ,omnipotent1 is to be found4 ,they considered the great mystery of the existence of the ,supreme ,ruler of the ,universe1 as beyond human comprehension4 ,every creature endowed with the faculty of thinking1 they held1 must be conscious of the existence of a ,god1 a first cause2 but the attempt to explain the nature of that ,being1 or in any way to assimilate it with our own1 they considered not only a proof of folly1 but of extreme impiety4 ,the following extracts from their books will serve to show what were the real tenets of their creed3 ,by one ,supreme ,ruler is this ,universe pervaded2 even every world in the whole circle of nature4444 ,there is one ,supreme ,spirit1 which nothing can shake1 more swift than the thought of man4 ,that ,supreme ,spirit moves at pleasure1 but in itself is immovable2 it is distant from us1 yet near us2 it pervades this whole system of worlds2 yet it is infinitely beyond it4 ,that man who considers all beings as existing even in the ,supreme ,spirit1 and the ,supreme ,spirit as pervading all beings1 henceforth views no creature with contempt4444 ,all spiritual beings are the same in kind with the ,supreme ,spirit4444 ,the pure enlightened soul assumes a luminous form1 with no gross body1 with no perforation1 with no veins or tendons1 unblemished1 untainted by sin2 itself being a ray from the ,infinite ,spirit1 which knows the ,past and the ,future1 which pervades all1 which existed with no cause but itself1 which created all things as they are1 in ages most remote4 ,that all-pervading ,spirit which gives light to the visible ,sun1 even the same in kind am ,i1 though infinitely distant in degree4 ,let my soul return to the immortal ,spirit of ,god1 and then let my body1 which ends in ashes1 return to dust6 ,o ,spirit1 who pervadest fire1 lead us in a straight path to the riches of beatitude4 ,thou1 ,o ,god1 possessest all the treasures of knowledge6 ,remove each foul taint from our souls6 ,from what root springs mortal man1 when felled by the hand of death8 ,who can make him spring again to birth8 ,god1 who is perfect wisdom1 perfect happiness4 ,he is the final refuge of the man who has liberally bestowed his wealth1 who has been firm in virtue1 who knows and adores that ,great ,one4444 ,let us adore the supremacy of that ,divine ,sun1 the ,godhead who illuminates all1 who re-creates all1 from whom all proceed1 to whom all must return1 whom we invoke to direct our understandings aright1 in our progress toward his holy seat4444 ,what the ,sun and ,light are to this visible world1 such is truth to the intellectual and visible ,universe4444 ,our souls acquire certain knowledge1 by meditating on the light of ,truth1 which emanates from the ,being of ,beings4444 ,that ,being1 without eyes sees1 without ears hears all2 he knows whatever can be known1 but there is none who knows him2 him the wise call the ,great1 ,supreme1 ,pervading ,spirit4444 ,perfect ,truth1 ,perfect ,happiness1 without equal1 immortal2 absolute unity1 whom neither speech can describe1 nor mind comprehend3 all-pervading1 all-transcending1 delighted with his own boundless intelligence1 nor limited by space or time2 without feet1 running swiftly2 without hands1 grasping all worlds2 without eyes1 all-surveying2 without ears1 all-hearing2 without an intelligent guide1 understanding all2 without cause1 the first of all causes2 all-ruling1 all-powerful1 the ,creator1 ,preserver1 ,transformer of all things3 such is the ,great ,one2 this the ,vedas declare4 ,may that soul of mine1 which mounts aloft in my waking hours as an ethereal spark1 and which1 even in my slumber1 has a like ascent1 soaring to a great distance1 as an emanation from the ,light of ,lights1 be united by devout meditation with the ,spirit supremely blest1 and supremely intelligent64444 ,may that soul of mine1 which was itself the primeval oblation placed within all creatures4444 which is a ray of perfect wisdom1 which is the inextinguishable light fixed within created bodies1 without which no good act is performed4444 in which as an immortal essence may be comprised whatever has passed1 is present1 or will be hereafter4444 be united by devout meditation with the ,spirit supremely blest and supremely intelligent6 ,the ,being of ,beings is the ,only ,god1 eternal and everywhere present1 ,who comprises everything4 ,there is no ,god but ,he4444 ,the ,supreme ,being is invisible1 incomprehensible1 immovable1 without figure or shape4 ,no one has ever seen ,him2 time never comprised ,him2 ,his essence pervades everything2 all was derived from ,him4 ,the duty of a good man1 even in the moment of his destruction1 consists not only in forgiving1 but even in a desire of benefiting his destroyer2 as the sandal-tree1 in the instant of its overthrow1 sheds perfume on the axe which fells it4 ,the ,vedanta and ,nyaya philosophers acknowledge a ,supreme ,eternal ,being1 and the immortality of the soul3 though1 like the ,greeks1 they differ in their ideas of those subjects4 ,they speak of the ,supreme ,being as an eternal essence that pervades space1 and gives life or existence4 ,of that universal and eternal pervading spirit1 the ,vedanti suppose four modifications2 but as these do not change its nature1 and as it would be erroneous to ascribe to each of them a distinct essence1 so it is equally erroneous1 they say1 to imagine that the various modifications by which the ,all-pervading ,being exists1 or displays ,his power1 are individual existences4 ,creation is not considered as the instant production of things1 but only as the manifestation of that which exists eternally in the one ,universal ,being4 ,the ,nyaya philosophers believe that spirit and matter are eternal2 but they do not suppose that the world in its present form has existed from eternity1 but only the primary matter from which it sprang when operated on by the almighty ,word of ,god1 the ,intelligent ,cause and ,supreme ,being1 ,who produced the combinations or aggregations which compose the material ,universe4 ,though they believe that soul is an emanation from the ,supreme ,being1 they distinguish it from that ,being1 in its individual existence4 ,truth and ,intelligence are the eternal attributes of ,god1 not1 they say1 of the individual soul1 which is susceptible both of knowledge and ignorance1 of pleasure and pain2 and therefore ,god and it are distinct4 ,even when it returns to the ,eternal1 and attains supreme bliss1 it undoubtedly does not cease4 ,though united to the ,supreme ,being1 it is not absorbed in it1 but still retains the abstract nature of definite or visible existence4 ,the dissolution of the world1 they say1 consists in the destruction of the visible forms and qualities of things2 but their material essence remains1 and from it new worlds are formed by the creative energy of ,god2 and thus the ,universe is dissolved and renewed in endless succession4 ,the ,jainas1 a sect at ,mysore and elsewhere1 say that the ancient religion of ,india and of the whole world consisted in the belief in one ,god1 a pure ,spirit1 indivisible1 omniscient and all-powerful2 that ,god1 having given to all things their appointed order and course of action1 and to man a sufficient portion of reason1 or understanding1 to guide him in his conduct1 leaves him to the operation of free will1 without the entire exercise of which he could not be held answerable for his conduct4 ,menou1 the ,hind lawgiver1 adored1 not the visible1 material ,sun1 but that divine and incomparably greater light1 to use the words of the most venerable text in the ,indian ,scripture1 which illumines all1 delights all1 from which all proceed1 to which all must return1 and which alone can irradiate our intellects4 ,he thus commences his ,institutes3 ,be it heard6 ,this ,universe existed only in the first divine idea yet unexpanded1 as if involved in darkness1 imperceptible1 undefinable1 undiscoverable by reason1 and undiscovered by revelation1 as if it were wholly immersed in sleep3 ,then the ,sole ,self-existing ,power1 ,himself undiscovered1 but making this world discernible1 with five elements1 and other principles of nature1 appeared with undiminished glory1 expanding ,his idea1 or dispelling the gloom4 ,he ,whom the mind alone can perceive1 whose essence eludes the eternal organs1 who has no visible parts1 who exists from ,eternity1 even ,he1 the soul of all beings1 ,whom no being can comprehend1 shone forth4 ,he1 having willed to produce various beings from ,his own divine ,substance1 first with a thought created the waters 444 ,from that which is precisely the ,hebrew 1 the first cause1 not the object of sense1 existing everywhere in substance1 not existing to our perception1 without beginning or end the ,a and 1 or the ,i ,a 1 was produced the divine male famed in all worlds under the appellation of ,brahma4 ,then recapitulating the different things created by ,brahma1 he adds3 ,he1 meaning ,brahma the 1 the ,,word1 whose powers are incomprehensible1 having thus created this ,universe1 was again absorbed in the ,supreme ,spirit1 changing the time of energy for the time of repose4 ,the ,antareya ,a'ran'ya1 one of the ,vedas1 gives this primitive idea of the creation3 ,in the beginning1 the ,universe was but a ,soul3 nothing else1 active or inactive1 existed4 ,then ,,he had this thought1 ,i will create worlds2 and thus ,,he created these different worlds2 air1 the light1 mortal beings1 and the waters4 ,,he had this thought3 ,behold the worlds2 ,i will create guardians for the worlds4 ,so ,,he took of the water and fashioned a being clothed with the human form4 ,he looked upon him1 and of that being so contemplated1 the mouth opened like an egg1 and speech came forth1 and from the speech fire4 ,the nostrils opened1 and through them went the breath of respiration1 and by it the air was propagated4 ,the eyes opened2 from then came a luminous ray1 and from it was produced the sun4 ,the ears dilated2 from them came hearing1 and from hearing space3 444 and1 after the body of man1 with the senses1 was formed2--,,he1 the ,universal ,soul1 thus reflected3 ,how can this body exist without ,me8 ,he examined through what extremity ,he could penetrate it4 ,he said to ,himself3 ,if1 without ,me1 the ,world is articulated1 breath exhales1 and sight sees2 if hearing hears1 the skin feels1 and the mind reflects1 deglutition swallows1 and the generative organ fulfills its functions1 what then am ,i8 ,and separating the suture of the cranium1 ,he penetrated into man4 ,behold the great fundamental primitive truths6 ,god1 an infinite ,eternal ,soul or ,spirit4 ,matter1 not eternal nor self-existent1 but created--created by a thought of ,god4 ,after matter1 and worlds1 then man1 by a like thought3 and finally1 after endowing him with the senses and a thinking mind1 a portion1 a spark1 of ,god ,himself penetrates the man1 and becomes a living spirit within him4 ,the ,vedas thus detail the creation of the world3 ,in the beginning there was a single ,god1 existing of ,himself2 ,who1 after having passed an eternity absorbed in the contemplation of ,his own being1 desired to manifest ,his perfections outwardly of ,himself2 and created the matter of the world4 ,the four elements being thus produced1 but still mingled in confusion1 ,he breathed upon the waters1 which swelled up into an immense ball in the shape of an egg1 and1 developing themselves1 became the vault and orb of ,heaven which encircles the earth4 ,having made the earth and the bodies of animal beings1 this ,god1 the essence of movement1 gave to them1 to animate them1 a portion of ,his own being4 ,thus1 the soul of everything that breathes being a fraction of the universal soul1 none perishes2 but each soul merely changes its mould and form1 by passing successively into different bodies4 ,of all forms1 that which most pleases the ,divine ,being is ,man1 as nearest approaching ,his own perfections4 ,when a man1 absolutely disengaging himself from his senses1 absorbs himself in self-contemplation1 he comes to discern the ,divinity1 and becomes part of ,him4 ,the ,ancient ,persians in many respects resembled the ,hinds1--in their language1 their poetry1 and their poetic legends4 ,their conquests brought them in contact with ,china2 and they subdued ,egypt and ,judea4 ,their views of ,god and religion more resembled those of the ,hebrews than those of any other nation2 and indeed the latter people borrowed from them some prominent doctrines1 that we are in the habit of regarding as an essential part of the original ,hebrew creed4 ,of the ,king of ,heaven and ,father of ,eternal ,light1 of the pure ,world of ,,light1 of the ,eternal ,,word by which all things were created1 of the ,seven ,mighty ,spirits that stand next to the ,throne of ,light and ,omnipotence1 and of the glory of those ,heavenly ,hosts that encompass that ,throne1 of the ,origin of ,evil1 and the ,prince of ,darkness1 ,monarch of the rebellious spirits1 enemies of all good1 they entertained tenets very similar to those of the ,hebrews4 ,toward ,egyptian idolatry they felt the strongest abhorrence1 and under ,cambyses pursued a regular plan for its utter extirpation4 ,xerxes1 when he invaded ,greece1 destroyed the ,temples and erected fire-chapels along the whole course of his march4 ,their religion was eminently spiritual1 and the earthly fire and earthly sacrifice were but the signs and emblems of another devotion and a higher power4 ,thus the fundamental doctrine of the ancient religion of ,india and ,persia was at first nothing more than a simple veneration of nature1 its pure elements and its primary energies1 the sacred fire1 and above all1 ,light1--the air1 not the lower atmospheric air1 but the purer and brighter air of ,heaven1 the breath that animates and pervades the breath of mortal life4 ,this pure and simple veneration of nature is1 perhaps the most ancient1 and was by far the most generally prevalent in the primitive and patriarchal world4 ,it was not originally a deification of nature1 or a denial of the sovereignty of ,god4 ,those pure elements and primitive essences of created nature offered to the first men1 still in a close communication with the ,deity1 not a likeness of resemblance1 nor a mere fanciful image or a poetical figure1 but a natural and true symbol of ,divine power4 ,everywhere in the ,hebrew writings the pure light or sacred fire is employed as an image of the all-prevading and all-consuming power and omnipresence of the ,divinity4 ,his breath was the source of life2 and the faint whisper of the breeze announced to the prophet ,his immediate presence4 ,all things are the progeny of one fire4 ,the ,father perfected all things1 and delivered them over to the ,second ,mind1 whom all nations of men call the ,first4 ,natural works co-exist with the intellectual light of the ,father2 for it is the ,soul which adorns the great ,heaven1 and which adorns it after the ,father4 ,the ,soul1 being a bright fire1 by the power of the ,father1 remains immortal1 and is mistress of life1 and fills up the recesses of the world4 ,for the fire which is first beyond1 did not shut up his power in matter by works1 but by mind1 for the framer of the fiery world is the mind of mind1 who first sprang from mind1 clothing fire with fire4 ,father-begotten ,light6 for ,he alone1 having from the ,father's power received the essence of intellect1 is enabled to understand the mind of the ,father2 and to instill into all sources and principles the capacity of understanding1 and of ever continuing in ceaseless revolving motion4 ,such was the language of ,zoroaster1 embodying the old ,persian ideas4 ,and the same ancient sage thus spoke of the ,sun and ,stars3 ,the ,father made the whole ,universe of fire and water and earth1 and all-nourishing ether4 ,he fixed a great multitude of moveless stars1 that stand still forever1 not by compulsion and unwillingly1 but without desire to wander1 fire acting upon fire4 ,he congregated the seven firmaments of the world1 and so surrounded the earth with the convexity of the ,heavens2 and therein set seven living existences1 arranging their apparent disorder in regular orbits1 six of them planets1 and the ,sun1 placed in the centre1 the seventh2--in that centre from which all lines1 diverging which way soever1 are equal2 and the swift sun himself1 revolving around a principal centre1 and ever striving to reach the central and all-pervading light1 bearing with him the bright ,moon4 ,and yet ,zoroaster added3 ,measure not the journeyings of the ,sun1 nor attempt to reduce them to rule2 for he is carried by the eternal will of the ,father1 not for your sake4 ,do not endeavor to understand the impetuous course of the ,moon2 for she runs evermore under the impulse of necessity2 and the progression of the ,stars was not generated to serve any purpose of yours4 ,ormuzd says to ,zoroaster1 in the ,boundehesch3 ,i am he who holds the ,star-,spangled ,heaven in ethereal space2 who makes this sphere1 which once was buried in darkness1 a flood of light4 ,through me the ,earth became a world firm and lasting--the earth on which walks the ,lord of the world4 ,i am he who makes the light of ,sun1 ,moon1 and ,stars pierce the clouds4 ,i make the corn seed1 which perishing in the ground sprouts anew4444 ,i created man1 whose eye is light1 whose life is the breath of his nostrils4 ,i placed within him life's unextinguishable power4 ,ormuzd or ,ahura-,mazda himself represented the primal light1 distinct from the heavenly bodies1 yet necessary to their existence1 and the source of their splendor4 ,the ,amschaspands 7,ameschaspenta1 immortal ,holy ,ones71 each presided over a special department of nature4 ,earth and ,heaven1 fire and water1 the ,sun and ,moon1 the rivers1 trees1 and mountains1 even the artificial divisions of the day and year were addressed in prayer as tenanted by ,divine beings1 each separately ruling within his several sphere4 ,fire1 in particular1 that most energetic of immortal powers1 the visible representative of the primal light1 was invoked as ,son of ,ormuzd4 ,the ,sun1 the ,archimagus1 that noblest and most powerful agent of divine power1 who steps forth as a ,conqueror from the top of the terrible ,alborj to rule over the world which he enlightens from the throne of ,ormuzd1 was worshipped among other symbols by the name of ,,mithras1 a beneficent and friendly genius1 who1 in the hymn addressed to him in the ,zend-,avesta1 bears the names given him by the ,greeks1 as the ,invincible and the ,mediator2 the former1 because in his daily strife with darkness he is the most active confederate of ,ormuzd2 the latter1 as being the medium through which ,heaven's choicest blessings are communicated to men4 ,he is called the eye of ,ormuzd1 the effulgent ,hero1 pursuing his course triumphantly1 fertilizer of deserts1 most exalted of the ,izeds or ,yezatas1 the never-sleeping1 the protector of the land4 ,when the dragon foe devastates my provinces1 says ,ormuzd1 and afflicts them with famine1 then is he struck down by the strong arm of ,mithras1 together with the ,devs of ,mazanderan4 ,with his lance and his immortal club1 the ,sleepless ,chief hurls down the ,devs into the dust1 when as ,mediator he interposes to guard the ,city from evil4 ,ahriman was by some ,parsee sects considered older than ,ormuzd1 as darkness is older than light2 he is imagined to have been unknown as a ,malevolent ,being in the early ages of the world1 and the fall of man is attributed in the ,boundehesch to an apostate worship of him1 from which men were converted by a succession of prophets terminating with ,zoroaster4 ,mithras is not only light1 but intelligence2 that luminary which1 though born in obscurity1 will not only dispel darkness but conquer death4 ,the warfare through which this consummation is to be reached1 is mainly carried on through the instrumentality of the ,word1 that ever-living emanation of the ,deity1 by virtue of which the world exists1 and of which the revealed formulas incessently repeated in the liturgies of the ,magi are but the expression4 ,what shall ,i do1 cried ,zoroaster1 ,o ,ormuzd1 steeped in brightness1 in order to battle with ,daroodj-,ahriman1 father of the ,evil ,law2 how shall ,i make men pure and holy8 ,ormuzd answered and said3 ,invoke1 ,o ,zoroaster1 the pure law of the ,servants of ,ormuzd2 invoke the ,amschaspands who shed abundance throughout the seven ,keshwars2 invoke the ,heaven1 ,zeruana-,akarana1 the birds travailing on high1 the swift wind1 the ,earth2 invoke my ,spirit1 me who am ,ahura-,mazda1 the purest1 strongest1 wisest1 best of beings2 me who have the most majestic body1 who through purity am ,supreme1 whose ,soul is the ,excellent ,word2 and ye1 all people1 invoke me as ,i have commanded ,zoroaster4 ,ahura-,mazda himself is the living ,,word2 he is called ,first-born of all things1 express image of the ,eternal1 very light of very light1 the ,creator1 who by power of the ,word which he never ceases to pronounce1 made in #cfe days the ,heaven and the ,earth4 ,the ,word is said in the ,yashna to have existed before all1 and to be itself a ,yazata1 a personified object of prayer4 ,it was revealed in ,serosch1 in ,homa1 and again1 under ,gushtasp1 was manifested in ,zoroaster4 ,between life and death1 between sunshine and shade1 ,mithras is the present exemplification of the ,primal ,unity from which all things arose1 and into which1 through his mediation1 all contrarieties will ultimately be absorbed4 ,his annual sacrifice is the passover of the ,magi1 a symbolical atonement or pledge of moral and physical regeneration4 ,he created the world in the beginning2 and as at the close of each successive year he sets free the current of life to invigorate a fresh circle of being1 so in the end of all things he will bring the weary sum of ages as a hecatomb before ,god1 releasing by a final sacrifice the ,soul of ,nature from her perishable frame1 to commence a brighter and purer existence4 ,iamblichus 7,de ,mys4 viii4 #d7 says3 ,the ,egyptians are far from ascribing all things to physical causes2 life and intellect they distinguish from physical being1 both in man and in the ,universe4 ,they place intellect and reason first as self-existent1 and from these they derive the created world4 ,as ,parent of generated things they constitute a ,demiurge1 and acknowledge a vital force both in the ,heavens and before the ,heavens4 ,they place ,pure ,intellect above and beyond the ,universe1 and another 7that is1 ,mind revealed in the ,material ,world71 consisting of one continuous mind pervading the ,universe1 and apportioned to all its parts and spheres4 ,the ,egyptian idea1 then1 was that of all transcendental philosophy--that of a ,deity both immanent and transcendent--spirit passing into its manifestations1 but not exhausted by so doing4 ,the wisdom recorded in the canonical rolls of ,hermes quickly attained in this transcendental lore1 all that human curiosity can ever discover4 ,thebes especially is said to have acknowledged a being without beginning or end1 called ,amun or ,amun-,kneph1 the all-prevading ,spirit or ,breath of ,nature1 or perhaps even some still more lofty object of reverential reflection1 whom it was forbidden even to name4 ,such a being would in theory stand at the head of the three orders of ,gods mentioned by ,herodotus1 these being regarded as arbitrary classifications of similar or equal beings1 arranged in successive emanations1 according to an estimate of their comparative dignity4 ,the ,eight ,great ,gods1 or primary class1 were probably manifestations of the emanated ,god in the several parts and powers of the ,universe1 each potentially comprising the whole ,godhead4 ,in the ancient ,hermetic books1 as quoted by ,iamblichus1 occurred the following passage in regard to the ,supreme ,being3 ,before all the things that actually exist1 and before all beginnings1 there is one ,god1 prior even to the first ,god and ,king1 remaining unmoved in the singleness of his own ,unity3 for neither is anything conceived by intellect inwoven with him1 nor anything else2 but he is established as the exemplar of the ,god who is good1 who is his own father1 self-begotten1 and has only ,parent4 ,for he is something greater and prior to1 and the fountain of all things1 and the foundation of things conceived by the intellect1 which are the first species4 ,and from this ,,one1 the self-originated ,god caused himself to shine forth2 for which reason he is his own father1 and self-originated4 ,for he is both a beginning and ,god of ,gods1 a ,monad from the ,one1 prior to substance and the beginning of substance2 for from him is substantiality and substance1 whence also he is called the beginning of things conceived by the intellect4 ,these then are the most ancient beginnings of all things1 which ,hermes places before the ethereal and empyrean and celestial ,gods4 ,,chang-,,ti1 or the ,supreme ,lord or ,being1 said the old ,chinese creed1 is the principle of everything that exists1 and ,father of all living4 ,he is eternal1 immovable1 and independent3 ,his power knows no bounds3 ,his sight equally comprehends the ,past1 the ,present1 and the ,future1 and penetrates even to the inmost recesses of the heart4 ,heaven and earth are under his government3 all events1 all revolutions1 are the consequences of his dispensation and will4 ,he is pure1 holy1 and impartial2 wickedness offends his sight2 but he beholds with an eye of complacency the virtuous actions of men4 ,severe1 yet just1 he punishes vice in an exemplary manner1 even in ,princes and ,rulers2 and often casts down the guilty1 to crown with honor the man who walks after his own heart1 and whom he raises from obscurity4 ,good1 merciful1 and full of pity1 he forgives the wicked upon their repentance3 and public calamities and the irregularity of the seasons are but salutary warnings1 which his fatherly goodness gives to men1 to induce them to reform and amend4 ,controlled by reason infinitely more than by the imagination1 that people1 occupying the extreme ,east of ,asia1 did not fall into idolatry until after the time of ,confucius1 and within two centuries of the birth of ,christ2 when the religion of ,,buddha or ,,fo was carried thither from ,india4 ,their system was long regulated by the pure worship of ,god1 and the foundation of their moral and political existence laid in a sound1 upright reason1 conformable to true ideas of the ,deity4 ,they had no false gods or images1 and their third ,emperor ,hoam-ti erected a ,temple1 the first probably ever erected1 to the ,great ,architect of the ,universe4 ,and though they offered sacrifices to divers tutelary angels1 yet they honored them infinitely less than ,,xam-,,ti or ,,chang-,,ti1 the ,sovereign ,lord of the ,world4 ,confucius forbade making images or representations of the ,deity4 ,he attached no idea of personality to ,him2 but considered ,him as a ,power or ,principle1 pervading all ,nature4 ,and the ,chinese designated the ,divinity by the name of ,,the ,,divine ,,reason4 ,the ,japanese believe in a ,supreme ,invisible ,being1 not to be represented by images or worshipped in ,temples4 ,they styled him ,,amida or ,,omith2 and say that he is without beginning or end2 that he came on earth1 where he remained a thousand years1 and became the ,redeemer of our fallen race3 that he is to judge all men2 and the good are to live forever1 while the bad are to be condemned to ,hell4 ,the ,chang-ti is represented1 said ,confucius1 under the general emblem of the visible firmament1 as well as under the particular symbols of the ,sun1 the ,moon1 and the ,earth1 because by their means we enjoy the gifts of the ,chang-ti4 ,the ,sun is the source of life and light3 the ,moon illuminates the world by night4 ,by observing the course of these luminaries1 mankind are enabled to distinguish times and seasons4 ,the ,ancients1 with the view of connecting the act with its object1 when they established the practice of sacrificing to the ,chang-ti1 fixed the day of the ,winter ,solstice1 because the ,sun1 after having passed through the twelve places assigned apparently by the ,chang-ti as its annual residence1 began its career anew1 to distribute blessings throughout the ,earth4 ,he said3 ,the ,,teen is the universal principle and prolific source of all things4444 ,the ,chang-ti is the universal principle of existence4 ,the ,arabians never possessed a poetical1 high-wrought1 and scientifically arranged system of ,polytheism4 ,their historical traditions had much analogy with those of the ,hebrews1 and coincided with them in a variety of points4 ,the tradition of a purer faith and the simple ,patriarchal worship of the ,deity appear never to have been totally extinguished among them2 nor did idolatry gain much foothold until near the time of ,mahomet2 who1 adopting the old primeval faith1 taught again the doctrine of one ,god1 adding to it that he was ,his ,prophet4 ,to the mass of ,hebrews1 as well as to other nations1 seem to have come fragments only of the primitive revelation3 nor do they seem1 until after their captivity among the ,persians1 to have concerned themselves about metaphysical speculations in regard to the ,divine ,nature and essence2 although it is evident1 from the ,psalms of ,david1 that a select body among them preserved a knowledge1 in regard to the ,deity1 which was wholly unknown to the mass of the people2 and those chosen few were made the medium of transition for certain truths1 to later ages4 ,among the ,greeks1 the scholars of the ,egyptians1 all the higher ideas and severer doctrines on the ,divinity1 his ,sovereign ,nature and ,infinite ,might1 the ,eternal ,wisdom and ,providence that conducts and directs all things to their proper end1 the ,infinite ,mind and ,supreme ,intelligence that created all things1 and is raised far above external nature1--all these loftier ideas and nobler doctrines were expounded more or less perfectly by ,pythagoras1 ,anaxagoras1 and ,socrates1 and developed in the most beautiful and luminous manner by ,plato1 and the philosophers that succeeded him4 ,and even in the popular religion of the ,greeks are many things capable of a deeper import and more spiritual signification2 though they seem only rare vestiges of ancient truth1 vague presentiments1 fugitive tones1 and momentary flashes1 revealing a belief in a ,supreme ,being1 ,almighty ,creator of the ,universe1 and ,common ,father of ,mankind4 ,much of the primitive ,truth was taught to ,pythagoras by ,zoroaster1 who himself received it from the ,indians4 ,his disciples rejected the use of ,temples1 of ,altars1 and of ,statues2 and smiled at the folly of those nations who imagined that the ,deity sprang from or had any affinity with human nature4 ,the tops of the highest mountains were the places chosen for sacrifices4 ,hymns and prayers were their principal worship4 ,the ,supreme ,god1 who fills the wide circle of ,heaven1 was the object to ,whom they were addressed4 ,such is the testimony of ,herodotus4 ,light they considered not so much as an object of worship1 as rather the most pure and lively emblem of1 and first emanation from1 the ,eternal ,god2 and thought that man required something visible or tangible to exalt his mind to that degree of adoration which is due to the ,divine ,being4 ,there was a surprising similarity between the ,temples1 ,priests1 doctrines1 and worship of the ,persian ,magi and the ,british ,druids4 ,the latter did not worship idols in the human shape1 because they held that the ,divinity1 being invisible1 ought to be adored without being seen4 ,they asserted the ,unity of the ,godhead4 ,their invocations were made to the ,one ,all-preserving ,power2 and they argued that1 as this power was not matter1 it must necessarily be the ,deity2 and the secret symbol used to express his name was ,o4,i4,w4 ,they believed that the earth had sustained one general destruction by water2 and would again be destroyed by fire4 ,they admitted the doctrines of the immortality of the soul1 a future state1 and a day of judgment1 which would be conducted on the principle of man's responsibility4 ,they even retained some idea of the redemption of mankind through the death of a ,mediator4 ,they retained a tradition of the ,deluge1 perverted and localized4 ,but1 around these fragments of primitive truth they wove a web of idolatry1 worshipped two ,subordinate ,deities under the names of ,,hu and ,,ceridwen1 male and female 7doubtless the same as ,osiris and ,isis71 and held the doctrine of transmigration4 ,the early inhabitants of ,scandinavia believed in a ,god who was the ,author of everything that existeth2 the ,eternal1 the ,ancient1 the ,living and ,awful ,being1 the ,searcher into concealed things1 the ,being that never changeth4 ,idols and visible representations of the ,deity were originally forbidden1 and ,he was directed to be worshipped in the lonely solitude of sequestered forests1 where ,he was said to dwell1 invisible1 and in perfect silence4 ,the ,druids1 like their ,eastern ancestors1 paid the most sacred regard to the odd numbers1 which1 traced backward1 ended in ,unity or ,deity1 while the even numbers ended in nothing4 #c was particularly reverenced4 #ai7gcc73 #cj 7#gx#ccx#c73 and #ba 7#gx#c7 were numbers observed in the erection of their temples1 constantly appearing in their dimensions1 and the number and distances of the huge stones4 ,they were the sole interpreters of religion4 ,they superintended all sacrifices2 for no private person could offer one without their permission4 ,they exercised the power of excommunication2 and without their concurrence war could not be declared nor peace made3 and they even had the power of inflicting the punishment of death4 ,they professed to possess a knowledge of magic1 and practised augury for the public service4 ,they cultivated many of the liberal sciences1 and particularly astronomy1 the favorite science of the ,orient2 in which they attained considerable proficiency4 ,they considered day as the offspring of night1 and therefore made their computations by nights instead of days2 and we1 from them1 still use the words fortnight and sen'night4 ,they knew the division of the heavens into constellations2 and finally1 they practised the strictest morality1 having particularly the most sacred regard for that peculiarly ,masonic virtue1 ,truth4 ,in the ,icelandic ,prose ,edda is the following dialogue3 ,who is the first or eldest of the ,gods8 ,in our language he is called ,,alfadir 7,all-,father1 or the ,father of ,all72 but in the old ,asgard he had twelve names4 ,where is this ,god8 ,what is his power8 and what hath he done to display his glory8 ,he liveth from all ages1 he governeth all realms1 and swayeth all things both great and small4 ,he hath formed ,heaven and earth1 and the air1 and all things thereunto belonging4 ,he hath made man and given him a soul which shall live and never perish1 though the body shall have mouldered away or have been burnt to ashes4 ,and all that are righteous shall dwell with him in the place called ,gimli or ,vingolf2 but the wicked shall go to ,hel and thence to ,niflhel which is below1 in the ninth world4 ,almost every heathen nation1 so far as we have any knowledge of their mythology1 believed in one ,supreme ,overruling ,god1 whose name it was not lawful to utter4 ,when we ascend1 says ,m,,ller1 to the most distant heights of ,greek history1 the idea of ,god as the ,supreme ,being stands before us as a simple fact4 ,next to this adoration of ,one ,god1 the ,father of ,heaven1 the ,father of men1 we find in ,greece a ,worship of ,nature4 ,the original was the ,god or ,gods1 called by the ,greeks the ,son of ,time1 meaning that there was no ,god before ,him1 but ,he was ,eternal4 ,zeus1 says the ,orphic line1 is the ,beginning1 ,zeus the ,middle2 out of ,zeus all things have been made4 ,and the ,peleides of ,dodona said1 ,zeus was1 ,zeus is1 ,zeus will be2 ,o great ,zeus6 1 1 3 and he was 1 1 1 us1 ,best and ,greatest4 ,the ,parsees1 retaining the old religion taught by ,zaradisht1 say in their catechism3 ,we believe in only one ,god1 and do not believe in any beside ,him2 ,who created the ,heavens1 the ,earth the ,angels4444 ,our ,god has neither face nor form1 color nor shape1 nor fixed place4 ,there is no other like ,him1 nor can our mind comprehend ,him4 ,the ,tetragrammaton1 or some other word covered by it1 was forbidden to be pronounced4 ,but that its pronunciation might not be lost among the ,levites1 the ,high-,priest uttered it in the ,temple once a year1 on the #ajth day of the ,month ,tisri1 the day of the great feast of expiation4 ,during this ceremony1 the people were directed to make a great noise1 that the ,sacred ,word might not be heard by any who had not a right to it2 for every other1 said the ,jews1 would be incontinently stricken dead4 ,the ,great ,egyptian ,initiates1 before the time of the ,jews1 did the same thing in regard to the word ,isis2 which they regarded as sacred and incommunicable4 ,origen says3 ,there are names which have a natural potency4 ,such as those which the ,sages used among the ,egyptians1 the ,magi in ,persia1 the ,brahmins in ,india4 ,what is called ,magic is not a vain and chimerical act1 as the ,stoics and ,epicureans pretend4 ,the names ,,sabaoth and ,,adonai were not made for created beings2 but they belong to a mysterious theology1 which goes back to the ,creator4 ,from ,him comes the virtue of these names1 when they are arranged and pronounced according to the rules4 ,the ,hind word ,,aum represented the three ,powers combined in their ,deity3 ,brahma1 ,vishnu1 and ,siva2 or the ,creating1 ,preserving1 and ,destroying ,powers3 ,a1 the first2 ,u or -1 the second2 and ,m1 the third4 ,this word could not be pronounced1 except by the letters3 for its pronunciation as one word was said to make ,earth tremble1 and even the ,angels of ,heaven to quake for fear4 ,the word ,,aum1 says the ,ramayan1 represents ,the ,being of ,beings1 ,one ,substance in three forms2 without mode1 without quality1 without passion3 ,immense1 ,incomprehensible1 ,infinite1 ,indivisible1 ,immutable1 ,incorporeal1 ,irresistible4 ,an old passage in the ,purana says3 ,all the rites ordained in the ,vedas1 the sacrifices to the fire1 and all other solemn purifications1 shall pass away2 but that which shall never pass away is the word ,a---,m for it is the symbol of the ,lord of all things4 ,herodotus says that the ,ancient ,pelasgi built no temples and worshipped no idols1 and had a sacred name of ,deity1 which it was not permissible to pronounce4 ,the ,clarian ,oracle1 which was of unknown antiquity1 being asked which of the ,deities was named ,,ia1 answered in these remarkable words3 ,the ,initiated are bound to conceal the mysterious secrets4 ,learn1 then1 that ,,ia is the ,great ,god ,supreme1 that ruleth over all4 ,the ,jews consider the ,true ,name of ,god to be irrecoverably lost by disuse1 and regard its pronunciation as one of the ,mysteries that will be revealed at the coming of their ,messiah4 ,and they attribute its loss to the illegality of applying the ,masoretic points to so sacred a ,name1 by which a knowledge of the proper vowels is forgotten4 ,it is even said1 in the ,gemara of ,abodah ,zara1 that ,god permitted a celebrated ,hebrew ,scholar to be burned by a ,roman ,emperor1 because he had been heard to pronounce the ,sacred ,name with points4 ,the ,jews feared that the ,heathen would get possession of the ,name3 and therefore1 in their copies of the ,scriptures1 they wrote it in the ,samaritan character1 instead of the ,hebrew or ,chaldaic1 that the adversary might not make an improper use of it3 for they believed it capable of working miracles2 and held that the wonders in ,egypt were performed by ,moses1 in virtue of this name being engraved on his rod3 and that any person who knew the true pronunciation would be able to do as much as he did4 ,josephus says it was unknown until ,god communicated it to ,moses in the wilderness3 and that it was lost through the wickedness of man4 ,the followers of ,mahomet have a tradition that there is a secret name of the ,deity which possesses wonderful properties2 and that the only method of becoming acquainted with it1 is by being initiated into the ,mysteries of the ,ism ,abla4 ,h ,o ,m was the first framer of the new religion among the ,persians1 and ,his ,name was ,ineffable4 ,,amun1 among the ,egyptians1 was a name pronounceable by none save the ,priests4 ,the old ,germans adored ,god with profund reverence1 without daring to name ,him1 or to worship ,him in ,temples4 ,the ,druids expressed the name of ,deity by the letters ,o-,i-,w4 ,among all the nations of primitive antiquity1 the doctrine of the immortality of the soul was not a mere probable hypothesis1 needing laborious researches and diffuse argumentation to produce conviction of its truth4 ,nor can we hardly give it the name of ,faith2 for it was a lively certainty1 like the feeling of one's own existence and identity1 and of what is actually present2 exerting its influence on all sublunary affairs1 and the motive of mightier deeds and enterprises than any mere earthly interest could inspire4 ,even the doctrine of transmigration of souls1 universal among the ,ancient ,hinds and ,egyptians1 rested on a basis of the old primitive religion1 and was connected with a sentiment purely religious4 ,it involved this noble element of truth3 ,that since man had gone astray1 and wandered far from ,god1 he must needs make many efforts1 and undergo a long and painful pilgrimage1 before he could rejoin the ,source of all ,perfection3 and the firm conviction and positive certainty1 that nothing defective1 impure1 or defiled with earthy stains1 could enter the pure region of perfect spirits1 or be eternally united to ,god2 wherefore the soul had to pass through long trials and many purifications before it could attain that blissful end4 ,and the end and aim of all these systems of philosophy was the final deliverance of the soul from the old calamity1 the dreaded fate and frightful lot of being compelled to wander through the dark regions of nature and the various forms of the brute creation1 ever changing its terrestrial shape1 and its union with ,god1 which they held to be the lofty destiny of the wise and virtuous soul4 ,pythagoras gave to the doctrine of the transmigration of souls that meaning which the wise ,egyptians gave to it in their ,mysteries3 ,he never taught the doctrine in that literal sense in which it was understood by the people4 ,of that literal doctrine not the least vestige is to be found in such of his symbols as remain1 nor in his precepts collected by his disciple ,lysias4 ,he held that men always remain1 in their essence1 such as they were created2 and can degrade themselves only by vice1 and ennoble themselves only by virtue4 ,hierocles1 one of his most zealous and celebrated disciples1 expressly says that he who believes that the soul of man1 after his death1 will enter the body of a beast1 for his vices1 or become a plant for his stupidity1 is deceived2 and is absolutely ignorant of the eternal form of the soul1 which can never change2 for1 always remaining man1 it is said to become ,god or beast1 through virtue or vice1 though it can become neither one nor the other by nature1 but solely by resemblance of its inclinations to theirs4 ,and ,timus of ,locria1 another disciple1 says that to alarm men and prevent them from committing crimes1 they menaced them with strange humiliations and punishments2 even declaring that their souls would pass into new bodies1--that of a coward into the body of a deer2 that of a ravisher into the body of a wolf2 that of a murderer into the body of some still more ferocious animal2 and that of an impure sensualist into the body of a hog4 ,so1 too1 the doctrine is explained in the ,phdo4 ,and ,lysias says1 that after the soul1 purified of its crimes1 has left the body and returned to ,heaven1 it is no longer subject to change or death1 but enjoys an eternal felicity4 ,according to the ,indians1 it returned to1 and became a part of1 the universal soul which animates everything4 ,the ,hinds held that ,buddha descended on earth to raise all human beings up to the perfect state4 ,he will ultimately succeed1 and all1 himself included1 be merged in ,unity4 ,vishnu is to judge the world at the last day4 ,it is to be consumed by fire3 ,the ,sun and ,moon are to lose their light2 the ,stars to fall2 and a ,new ,heaven and ,earth to be created4 ,the legend of the fall of the ,spirits1 obscured and distorted1 is preserved in the ,hind ,mythology4 ,and their traditions acknowledged1 and they revered1 the succession of the first ancestors of mankind1 or the ,holy ,patriarchs of the primitive world1 under the name of the ,seven ,great ,,rishis1 or ,sages of hoary antiquity2 though they invested their history with a cloud of fictions4 ,the ,egyptians held that the soul was immortal2 and that ,osiris was to judge the world4 ,and thus reads the ,persian legend3 ,after ,ahriman shall have ruled the world until the end of time1 ,,sosiosch1 the promised ,redeemer1 will come and annihilate the power of the ,,devs 7or ,evil ,spirits71 awaken the dead1 and sit in final judgment upon spirits and men4 ,after that the comet ,gurzsher will be thrown down1 and a general conflagration take place1 which will consume the whole world4 ,the remains of the earth will then sink down into ,duzakh1 and become for three periods a place of punishment for the wicked4 ,then1 by degrees all will be pardoned1 even ,ahriman and the ,devs1 and admitted to the regions of bliss1 and thus there will be a new ,heaven and a new earth4 ,in the doctrines of ,lamaism also1 we find1 obscured1 and partly concealed in fiction1 fragments of the primitive truth4 ,for according to that faith1 ,there is to be a final judgment before ,,eslik ,,khan3 ,the good are to be admitted to ,paradise1 the bad to be banished to hell1 where there are eight regions burning hot and eight freezing cold4 ,in the ,mysteries1 wherever they were practised1 was taught that truth of the primitive revelation1 the existence of ,one ,great ,being1 ,infinite and pervading the ,universe1 ,who was there worshipped without superstition2 and ,his marvellous nature1 essence1 and attributes taught to the ,initiates2 while the vulgar attributed ,his works to ,secondary ,gods1 personified1 and isolated from ,him in fabulous independence4 ,these truths were covered from the common people as with a veil2 and the ,mysteries were carried into every country1 that1 without disturbing the popular beliefs1 truth1 the arts1 and the sciences might be known to those who were capable of understanding them1 and maintaining the true doctrine incorrupt2 which the people1 prone to superstition and idolatry1 have in no age been able to do2 nor1 as many strange aberrations and superstitions of the present day prove1 any more now than heretofore4 ,for we need but point to the doctrines of so many sects that degrade the ,creator to the rank1 and assign to ,him the passions of humanity1 to prove that now1 as always1 the old truths must be committed to a few1 or they will be overlaid with fiction and error1 and irretrievably lost4 ,though ,masonry is identical with the ,ancient ,mysteries1 it is so in this qualified sense2 that it presents but an imperfect image of their brilliancy2 the ruins only of their grandeur1 and a system that has experienced progressive alterations1 the fruits of social events and political circumstances4 ,upon leaving ,egypt1 the ,mysteries were modified by the habits of the different nations among whom they were introduced4 ,though originally more moral and political than religious1 they soon became the heritage1 as it were1 of the priests1 and essentially religious1 though in reality limiting the sacerdotal power1 by teaching the intelligent laity the folly and absurdity of the creeds of the populace4 ,they were therefore necessarily changed by the religious systems of the countries into which they were transplanted4 ,in ,greece1 they were the ,mysteries of ,ceres2 in ,rome1 of ,bona ,dea1 the ,good ,goddess2 in ,gaul1 the ,school of ,mars2 in ,sicily1 the ,academy of the ,sciences2 among the ,hebrews1 they partook of the rites and ceremonies of a religion which placed all the powers of government1 and all the knowledge1 in the hands of the ,priests and ,levites4 ,the pagodas of ,india1 the retreats of the ,magi of ,persia and ,chaldea1 and the pyramids of ,egypt1 were no longer the sources at which men drank in knowledge4 ,each people1 at all informed1 had its ,mysteries4 ,after a time the ,temples of ,greece and the ,school of ,pythagoras lost their reputation1 and ,freemasonry took their place4 ,masonry1 when properly expounded1 is at once the interpretation of the great book of nature1 the recital of physical and astronomical phenomena1 the purest philosophy1 and the place of deposit1 where1 as in a ,treasury1 are kept in safety all the great truths of the primitive revelation1 that form the basis of all religions4 ,in the modern ,degrees three things are to be recognized3 ,the image of primeval times1 the tableau of the efficient causes of the ,universe1 and the book in which are written the morality of all peoples1 and the code by which they must govern themselves if they would be prosperous4 ,the ,kabalistic doctrine was long the religion of the ,sage and the ,savant2 because1 like ,freemasonry1 it incessantly tends toward spiritual perfection1 and the fusion of the creeds and ,nationalities of ,mankind4 ,in the eyes of the ,kabalist1 all men are his brothers2 and their relative ignorance is1 to him1 but a reason for instructing them4 ,there were illustrious ,kabalists among the ,egyptians and ,greeks1 whose doctrines the ,orthodox ,church has accepted2 and among the ,arabs were many1 whose wisdom was not slighted by the ,medival ,church4 ,the ,sages proudly wore the name of ,kabalists4 ,the ,kabalah embodied a noble philosophy1 pure1 not mysterious1 but symbolic4 ,it taught the doctrine of the ,unity of ,god1 the art of knowing and explaining the essence and operations of the ,supreme ,being1 of spiritual powers and natural forces1 and of determining their action by symbolic figures2 by the arrangement of the alphabet1 the combinations of numbers1 the inversion of letters in writing and the concealed meanings which they claimed to discover therein4 ,the ,kabalah is the key of the occult sciences2 and the ,gnostics1 were born of the ,kabalists4 ,the science of numbers represented not only arithmetical qualities1 but also all grandeur1 all proportion4 ,by it we necessarily arrive at the discovery of the ,principle or ,first ,cause of things1 called at the present day ,,the ,,absolute4 ,or ,,unity1--that loftiest term to which all philosophy directs itself2 that imperious necessity of the human mind1 that pivot round which it is compelled to group the aggregate of its ideas3 ,unity1 this source1 this centre of all systematic order1 this principle of existence1 this central point1 unknown in its essence1 but manifest in its effects2 ,unity1 that sublime centre to which the chain of causes necessarily ascends1 was the august ,idea toward which all the ideas of ,pythagoras converged4 ,he refused the title of ,sage1 which means one who knows4 ,he invented1 and applied to himself that of ,philosopher1 signifying one who is fond of or studies things secret and occult4 ,the astronomy which he mysteriously taught1 was astrology3 his science of numbers was based on ,kabalistical principles4 ,the ,ancients1 and ,pythagoras himself1 whose real principles have not been always understood1 never meant to ascribe to numbers1 that is to say1 to abstract signs1 any special virtue4 ,but the ,sages of ,antiquity concurred in recognizing a ,,one ,,first ,,cause 7material or spiritual7 of the existence of the ,universe4 ,thence ,,unity became the symbol of the ,supreme ,deity4 ,it was made to express1 to represent ,god2 but without attributing to the mere number ,,one any divine or supernatural virtue4 ,the ,pythagorean ideas as to particular numbers are partially expressed in the following3 ,,lecture ,,of ,,the ,,kabalists4 ,qu ,why did you seek to be received a ,knight of the ,kabalah8 ,ans ,to know1 by means of numbers1 the admirable harmony which there is between nature and religion4 ,qu ,how were you announced8 ,ans ,by twelve raps4 ,qu ,what do they signify8 ,ans ,the twelve bases of our temporal and spiritual happiness4 ,qu ,what is a ,kabalist8 ,ans ,a man who has learned1 by tradition1 the ,sacerdotal ,art and the ,royal ,art4 ,qu ,what means the device1 ,omnia in numeris sita sunt8 ,ans ,that everything lies veiled in numbers4 ,qu ,explain me that4 ,ans ,i will do so1 as far as the number #ab4 ,your sagacity will discern the rest4 ,qu ,what signifies the unit in the number #aj8 ,ans ,,god1 creating and animating matter1 expressed by #j1 which1 alone1 is of no value4 ,qu ,what does the unit mean8 ,ans ,in the moral order1 a ,word incarnate in the bosom of a virgin--or religion4444 ,in the physical1 a spirit embodied in the virgin earth--or nature4 ,qu ,what do you mean by the number two8 ,ans ,in the moral order1 man and woman4444 ,in the physical1 the active and the passive4 ,qu ,what do you mean by the number #c8 ,ans ,in the moral order1 the three theological virtues4444 ,in the physical1 the three principles of bodies4 ,qu ,what do you mean by the number #d8 ,ans ,the four cardinal virtues4444 ,the four elementary qualities4 ,qu ,what do you mean by the number #e8 ,ans ,the quintessence of religion4444 ,the quintessence of matter4 ,qu ,what do you mean by the number #f8 ,ans ,the theological cube4444 ,the physical cube4 ,qu ,what do you mean by the number #g8 ,ans ,the seven sacraments4444 ,the seven planets4 ,qu ,what do you mean by the number #h8 ,ans ,the small number of ,elus4444 ,the small number of wise men4 ,qu ,what do you mean by the number #i8 ,ans ,the exaltation of religion4444 ,the exaltation of matter4 ,qu ,what do you mean by the number #aj8 ,ans ,the ten commandments4444 ,the ten precepts of nature4 ,qu ,what do you mean by the number #aa8 ,ans ,the multiplication of religion4444 ,the multiplication of nature4 ,qu ,what do you mean by the number #ab8 ,ans ,the twelve ,articles of ,faith2 the twelve ,apostles1 foundation of the ,holy ,city1 who preached throughout the whole world1 for our happiness and spiritual joy4444 ,the twelve operations of nature3 ,the twelve signs of the ,zodiac1 foundation of the ,primum ,mobile1 extending it throughout the ,universe for our temporal felicity4 ,the ,rabbi 7,president of the ,sanhedrim7 adds3 ,from all that you have said1 it results that the unit develops itself in #b1 is completed in three internally1 and so produces #d externally2 whence1 through #f1 #g1 #h1 #i1 it arrives at #e1 half of the spherical number #aj1 to ascend1 passing through #aa1 to #ab1 and to raise itself1 by the number #d times #aj1 to the number #f times #ab1 the final term and summit of our eternal happiness4 ,qu ,what is the generative number8 ,ans ,in the ,divinity1 it is the unit2 in created things1 the number #b3 ,because the ,divinity1 #a1 engenders #b1 and in created things #b engenders #a4 ,qu ,what is the most majestic number8 ,ans #c1 because it denotes the triple divine essence4 ,qu ,what is the most mysterious number8 ,ans #d1 because it contains all the mysteries of nature4 ,qu ,what is the most occult number8 ,ans #e1 because it is inclosed in the centre of the series4 ,qu ,what is the most salutary number8 ,ans #f1 because it contains the source of our spiritual and corporeal happiness4 ,qu ,what is the most fortunate number8 ,ans #g1 because it leads us to the decade1 the perfect number4 ,qu ,which is the number most to be desired8 ,ans #h1 because he who possesses it1 is of the number of the ,elus and ,sages4 ,qu ,which is the most sublime number8 ,ans #i1 because by it religion and nature are exalted4 ,qu ,which is the most perfect number8 ,ans #aj1 because it includes unity1 which created everything1 and zero1 symbol of matter and chaos1 whence everything emerged4 ,in its figures it comprehends the created and uncreated1 the commencement and the end1 power and force1 life and annihilation4 ,by the study of this number1 we find the relations of all things2 the power of the ,creator1 the faculties of the creature1 the ,alpha and ,omega of divine knowledge4 ,qu ,which is the most multiplying number8 ,ans #aa1 because with the possession of two units1 we arrive at the multiplication of things4 ,qu ,which is the most solid number8 ,ans #ab1 because it is the foundation of our spiritual and temporal happiness4 ,qu ,which is the favorite number of religion and nature8 ,ans #d times #aj1 because it enables us1 rejecting everything impure1 eternally to enjoy the number #f times #ab1 term and summit of our felicity4 ,qu ,what is the meaning of the square8 ,ans ,it is the symbol of the four elements contained in the triangle1 or the emblem of the three chemical principles3 these things united form absolute unity in the primal matter4 ,qu ,what is the meaning of the centre of the circumference8 ,ans ,it signifies the universal spirit1 vivifying centre of nature4 ,qu ,what do you mean by the quadrature of the circle8 ,ans ,the investigation of the quadrature of the circle indicates the knowledge of the four vulgar elements1 which are themselves composed of elementary spirits or chief principles2 as the circle1 though round1 is composed of lines1 which escape the sight1 and are seen only by the mind4 ,qu ,what is the profoundest meaning of the figure #c8 ,ans ,the ,father1 the ,son1 and the ,holy ,spirit4 ,from the action of these three results the triangle within the square2 and from the seven angles1 the decade or perfect number4 ,qu ,which is the most confused figure8 ,ans ,zero1--the emblem of chaos1 formless mixture of the elements4 ,qu ,what do the four devices of the ,degree signify8 ,ans ,that we are to hear1 see1 be silent1 and enjoy our happiness4 ,the unit is the symbol of identity1 equality1 existence1 conservation1 and general harmony2 the ,central ,fire1 the ,point within the ,circle4 ,two1 or the duad1 is the symbol of diversity1 inequality1 division1 separation1 and vicissitudes4 ,the figure #a signifies the living man a body standing upright2 man being the only living being possessed of this faculty4 ,adding to it a head1 we have the letter ,p1 the sign of ,paternity1 ,creative ,power2 and with a further addition1 ,r1 signifying man in motion1 going1 ,iens1 ,iturus4 ,the ,duad is the origin of contrasts4 ,it is the imperfect condition into which1 according to the ,pythagoreans1 a being falls1 when he detaches himself from the ,monad1 or ,god4 ,spiritual beings1 emanating from ,god1 are enveloped in the duad1 and therefore receive only illusory impressions4 ,as formerly the number ,,one designated harmony1 order1 or the ,good ,principle 7the ,,one and ,,only ,,god1 expressed in ,latin by ,solus1 whence the words ,sol1 ,soleil1 symbol of this ,god71 the number ,two expressed the contrary idea4 ,there commenced the fatal knowledge of good and evil4 ,everything double1 false1 opposed to the single and sole reality1 was expressed by the ,binary number4 ,it expressed also that state of contrariety in which nature exists1 where everything is double2 night and day1 light and darkness1 cold and heat1 wet and dry1 health and sickness1 error and truth1 one and the other sex1 etc4 ,hence the ,romans dedicated the second month in the year to ,pluto1 the ,god of ,hell1 and the second day of that month to the mans of the dead4 ,the number ,one1 with the ,chinese1 signified unity1 harmony1 order1 the ,good ,principle1 or ,god2 ,two1 disorder1 duplicity1 falsehood4 ,that people1 in the earliest ages1 based their whole philosophical system on the two primary figures or lines1 one straight and unbroken1 and the other broken or divided into two2 doubling which1 by placing one under the other1 and trebling by placing three under each other1 they made the four symbols and eight ,koua2 which referred to the natural elements1 and the primary principles of all things1 and served symbolically or scientifically to express them4 ,plato terms unity and duality the original elements of nature1 and first principles of all existence3 and the oldest sacred book of the ,chinese says3 ,the ,great ,first ,principle has produced two equations and differences1 or primary rules of existence2 but the two primary rules or two oppositions1 namely ,,yn and ,,yang1 or repose and motion1 have produced four signs or symbols1 and the four symbols have produced the eight ,,koua or further combinations4 ,the interpretation of the ,hermetic fables shows1 among every ancient people1 in their principal gods1 first1 #a1 the ,creating ,monad1 then #c1 then #c times #c1 #c times #i1 and #c times #bg4 ,this triple progression has for its foundation the three ages of ,nature1 the ,past1 the ,present1 and the ,future2 or the three degrees of universal generation 444 ,birth1 ,life1 ,death 444 ,beginning1 middle1 end4 ,the ,monad was male1 because its action produces no change in itself1 but only out of itself4 ,it represented the creative principle4 ,the ,duad1 for a contrary reason1 was female1 ever changing by addition1 subtraction1 or multiplication4 ,it represents matter capable of form4 ,the union of the ,monad and ,duad produces the ,triad1 signifying the world formed by the creative principle out of matter4 ,pythagoras represented the world by the right-angled triangle1 in which the squares of the two shortest sides are equal1 added together1 to the square of the longest one2 as the world1 as formed1 is equal to the creative cause1 and matter clothed with form4 ,the ternary is the first of the unequal numbers4 ,the ,triad1 mysterious number1 which plays so great a part in the traditions of ,asia and the philosophy of ,plato1 image of the ,supreme ,being1 includes in itself the properties of the first two numbers4 ,it was1 to the ,philosophers1 the most excellent and favorite number3 a mysterious type1 revered by all antiquity1 and consecrated in the ,mysteries2 wherefore there are but three essential ,degrees among ,masons2 who venerate1 in the triangle1 the most august mystery1 that of the ,sacred ,triad1 object of their homage and study4 ,in geometry1 a line cannot represent a body absolutely perfect4 ,as little do two lines constitute a figure demonstratively perfect4 ,but three lines form1 by their junction1 the ,,triangle1 or the first figure regularly perfect2 and this is why it has served and still serves to characterize ,the ,eternal2 ,who1 infinitely perfect in ,his nature1 is1 as ,universal ,creator1 the first ,being1 and consequently the first ,perfection4 ,the ,quadrangle or ,square1 perfect as it appears1 being but the second perfection1 can in no wise represent ,god2 ,who is the first4 ,it is to be noted that the name of ,god in ,latin and ,french 7,deus1 ,dieu71 has for its initial the ,delta or ,greek ,triangle4 ,such is the reason1 among ancients and moderns1 for the consecration of the ,triangle1 whose three sides are emblems of the three ,kingdoms1 or ,nature1 or ,god4 ,in the centre is the ,hebrew ,,jod 7initial of 71 the ,animating ,spirit of ,fire1 the generative principle1 represented by the letter ,g41 initial of the name of ,deity in the languages of the ,north1 and the meaning whereof is ,generation4 ,the first side of the ,triangle1 offered to the study of the ,apprentice1 is the mineral kingdom1 symbolized by ,tub 4 ,the second side1 the subject of the meditations of the ,fellow ,craft1 is the vegetable kingdom1 symbolized by ,schib 7an ear of corn74 ,in this reign begins the ,generation of bodies2 and this is why the letter ,g41 in its radiance1 is presented to the eyes of the adept4 ,the third side1 the study whereof is devoted to the animal kingdom1 and completes the instruction of the ,master1 is symbolized by ,mach 7,son of putrefaction74 ,the figure #c symbolizes the ,earth4 ,it is a figure of the terrestrial bodies4 ,the #b1 upper half of #c1 symbolizes the vegetable world1 the lower half being hidden from our sight4 ,three also referred to harmony1 friendship1 peace1 concord1 and temperance2 and was so highly esteemed among the ,pythagoreans that they called it perfect harmony4 ,three1 four1 ten1 and twelve were sacred numbers among the ,etrurians1 as they were among the ,jews1 ,egyptians1 and ,hinds4 ,the name of ,deity1 in many ,nations1 consisted of three letters3 among the ,greeks1 4442 among the ,persians1 ,h4,o4,m42 among the ,hinds1 ,,aum2 among the ,scandinavians1 ,i4,o4,w4 ,on the upright ,tablet of the ,king1 discovered at ,nimroud1 no less than five of the thirteen names of the ,great ,gods consist of three letters each1--,,anu1 ,,san1 ,,yav1 ,,bar1 and ,,bel4 ,the quaternary is the most perfect number1 and the root of other numbers1 and of all things4 ,the tetrad expresses the first mathematical power4 ,four represents also the generative power1 from which all combinations are derived4 ,the ,initiates considered it the emblem of ,movement and the ,infinite1 representing everything that is neither corporeal nor sensible4 ,pythagoras communicated it to his disciples as a symbol of the ,eternal and ,creative ,principle1 under the name of ,quaternary1 the ,ineffable ,name of ,god1 which signifies ,source of everything that has received existence3 and which1 in ,hebrew1 is composed of four letters4 ,in the ,quaternary we find the first solid figure1 the universal symbol of immortality1 the pyramid4 ,the ,gnostics claimed that the whole edifice of their science rested on a square whose angles were 444 1 ,silence3 1 ,profundity3 1 ,intelligence3 and 1 ,truth4 ,for if the ,triangle1 figured by the number #c1 forms the triangular base of the pyramid1 it is unity which forms its point or summit4 ,lysias and ,timus of ,locria said that not a single thing could be named1 which did not depend on the quaternary as its root4 ,there is1 according to the ,pythagoreans1 a connection between the gods and numbers1 which constitutes the kind of ,divination called ,arithmomancy4 ,the soul is a number3 it is moved of itself3 it contains in itself the quaternary number4 ,matter being represented by the number #i1 or #c times #c1 and the ,immortal ,spirit having for its essential hieroglyphic the quaternary or the number #d1 the ,sages said that ,man1 having gone astray and become entangled in an inextricable labyrinth1 in going from four to nine1 the only way which he could take to emerge from these deceitful paths1 these disastrous detours1 and the abyss of evil into which he had plunged1 was to retrace his steps1 and go from nine to four4 ,the ingenious and mystical idea which caused the ,triangle to be venerated1 was applied to the figure #d 7#d74 ,it was said that it expressed a living being1 ,i1 bearer of the ,triangle 1 the emblem of ,god2 i4e41 man bearing with himself a ,divine principle4 ,four was a divine number2 it referred to the ,deity1 and many ,ancient ,nations gave ,god a name of four letters2 as the ,hebrews 1 the ,egyptians ,,amun1 the ,persians ,,sura1 the ,greeks 1 and the ,latins ,,deus4 ,this was the ,tetragrammaton of the ,hebrews1 and the ,pythagoreans called it ,tetractys1 and swore their most solemn oath by it4 ,so too ,,odin among the ,scandinavians1 among the ,greeks1 ,,phta among the ,egyptians1 ,,thoth among the ,phoenicians1 and ,,as-,,ur and ,,nebo among the ,assyrians4 ,the list might be indefinitely extended4 ,the number #e was considered as mysterious1 because it was compounded of the ,binary1 ,symbol of the ,false and ,double1 and the ,ternary1 so interesting in its results4 ,it thus energetically expresses the state of imperfection1 of order and disorder1 of happiness and misfortune1 of life and death1 which we see upon the earth4 ,to the ,mysterious ,societies it offered the fearful image of the ,bad ,principle1 bringing trouble into the inferior order1--in a word1 the ,binary acting in the ,ternary4 ,under another aspect it was the emblem of marriage2 because it is composed of #b1 the first equal number1 and of #c1 the first unequal number4 ,wherefore ,juno1 the ,goddess of ,marriage1 had for her hieroglyphic the number #e4 ,moreover1 it has one of the properties of the number #i1 that of reproducing itself1 when multiplied by itself3 there being always a #e on the right hand of the product2 a result which led to its use as a symbol of material changes4 ,the ancients represented the world by the number #e4 ,a reason for it1 given by ,diodorus1 is1 that it represents earth1 water1 air1 fire1 and ether or spirit4 ,thence the origin of 7#e7 and the ,universe1 as the whole4 ,the number #e designated the universal quintessence1 and symbolized1 by its form 1 the vital essence1 the animating spirit1 which flows serpentat through all nature4 ,in fact1 this ingenious figure is the union of the two ,greek accents1 placed over those vowels which ought to be or ought not to be aspirated4 ,the first sign 8 bears the name of potent spirit2 and signifies the ,superior ,spirit1 the ,spirit of ,god aspirated 7spiratus71 respired by man4 ,the second sign is styled mild spirit1 and represents the secondary spirit1 the spirit purely human4 ,the triple triangle1 a figure of five lines uniting in five points1 was among the ,pythagoreans an emblem of ,health4 ,it is the ,pentalpha of ,pythagoras1 or ,pentangle of ,solomon2 has five lines and five angles2 and is1 among ,masons1 the outline or origin of the five-pointed ,star1 and an emblem of ,fellowship4 ,the number #f was1 in the ,ancient ,mysteries1 a striking emblem of nature2 as presenting the six dimensions of all bodies2 the six lines which make up their form1 viz41 the four lines of direction1 toward the ,north1 ,south1 ,east1 and ,west2 with the two lines of height and depth1 responding to the zenith and nadir4 ,the sages applied the senary to the physical man2 while the septenary was1 for them1 the symbol of his immortal spirit4 ,the hieroglyphical senary 7the double equilateral triangle7 is the symbol of ,deity4 ,six is also an emblem of health1 and the symbol of justice2 because it is the first perfect number2 that is1 the first whose aliquot parts 7#a_/b1 #a_/c1 #a_/f1 or #c1 #b1 and #a71 added together1 make itself4 ,ormuzd created six good spirits1 and ,ahriman six evil ones4 ,these typify the six ,summer and the six ,winter months4 ,no number has ever been so universally in repute as the septenary4 ,its celebrity is due1 no doubt1 to the planets being seven in number4 ,it belongs also to sacred things4 ,the ,pythagoreans regarded it as formed of the numbers #c and #d2 the first whereof was1 in their eyes1 the image of the three material elements1 and the second the principle of everything that is neither corporeal nor sensible4 ,it presented them1 from that point of view1 the emblem of everything that is perfect4 ,considered as composed of #f and unity1 it serves to designate the invisible centre or soul of everything2 because no body exists1 of which six lines do not constitute the form1 nor without a seventh interior point1 as the centre and reality of the body1 whereof the external dimensions give only the appearance4 ,the numerous applications of the septenary confirmed the ancient sages in the use of this symbol4 ,moreover1 they exalted the properties of the number #g1 as having1 in a subordinate manner1 the perfection of the unit3 for if the unit is uncreated1 if no number produces it1 the seven is also not engendered by any number contained in the interval between #a and #aj4 ,the number #d occupies an arithmetical middle-ground between the unit and #g1 inasmuch as it is as much over #a1 as it is under #g1 the difference each way being #c4 ,the number #g1 among the ,egyptians1 symbolized life2 and this is why the letter ,z of the ,greeks was the initial of the verb 1 ,i live2 and 7,jupiter71 ,father of ,life4 ,the number #h1 or the octary1 is composed of the sacred numbers #c and #e4 ,of the heavens1 of the seven planets1 and of the sphere of the fixed stars1 or of the eternal unity and the mysterious number #g1 is composed the ogdoade1 the number #h1 the first cube of equal numbers1 regarded as sacred in the arithmetical philosophy4 ,the ,gnostic ogdoade had eight stars1 which represented the eight ,cabiri of ,samothrace1 the eight ,egyptian and ,phnician principles1 the eight gods of ,xenocrates1 the eight angles of the cubic stone4 ,the number eight symbolizes perfection3 and its figure1 #h or indicates the perpetual and regular course of the ,universe4 ,it is the first cube 7#b ,x #b ,x #b71 and signifies friendship1 prudence1 counsel1 and justice4 ,it was a symbol of the primeval law which regarded all men as equal4 ,the novary1 or triple ternary4 ,if the number three was celebrated among the ancient sages1 that of three times three had no less celebrity2 because1 according to them1 each of the three elements which constitute our bodies is ternary3 the water containing earth and fire2 the earth containing igneous and aqueous particles2 and the fire being tempered by globules of water and terrestrial corpuscles which serve to feed it4 ,no one of the three elements being entirely separated from the others1 all material beings composed of these three elements1 whereof each is triple1 may be designated by the figurative number of three times three1 which has become the symbol of all formations of bodies4 ,hence the name of ninth envelope1 given to matter4 ,every material extension1 every circular line1 has for representative sign the number nine1 among the ,pythagoreans2 who had observed the property which this number possesses1 of reproducing itself incessantly and entire1 in every multiplication2 thus offering to the mind a very striking emblem of matter which is incessantly composed before our eyes1 after having undergone a thousand decompositions4 ,the number nine was consecrated to the ,spheres and the ,muses4 ,it is the sign of every circumference2 because a circle of #cfj degrees is equal to #i1 that is to say1 #cfji4 ,nevertheless1 the ancients regarded this number with a sort of terror3 they considered it a bad presage2 as the symbol of versatility1 of change1 and the emblem of the frailty of human affairs4 ,wherefore they avoided all numbers where nine appears1 and chiefly #ha1 the product of #i multiplied by itself1 and the addition whereof1 #ha1 again presents the number #i4 ,as the figure of the number #f was the symbol of the terrestrial globe1 animated by a divine spirit1 the figure of the number #i symbolized the earth1 under the influence of the ,evil ,principle2 and thence the terror it inspired4 ,nevertheless1 according to the ,kabalists1 the figure #i symbolizes the generative egg1 or the image of a little globular being1 from whose lower side seems to flow its spirit of life4 ,the ,ennead1 signifying an aggregate of #i things or persons1 is the first square of unequal numbers4 ,every one is aware of the singular properties of the number #i1 which1 multiplied by itself or any other number whatever1 gives a result whose final sum is always #i1 or always divisible by #i4 ,nine1 multiplied by each of the ordinary numbers1 produces an arithmetical progression1 each member whereof1 composed of two figures1 presents a remarkable fact2 for example3 #a444b444c444d444e444f444g444h444i44aj #i44ah44bg44cf44de44ed44fc44gb44ha44ij ,the first line of figures gives the regular series1 from #a to #aj4 ,the second reproduces this line doubly2 first ascending1 from the first figure of #ah1 and then returning from the second figure of #ha4 ,it follows1 from the curious fact1 that the half of the numbers which compose this progression represents1 in inverse order1 the figures of the second half3 #i444ah44bg44cf44de #ace #i44;and #a #c #e #de #i #ij44ha44gb44fc44ed #cfj #i4 -- -- -- -- -- --- -- #ii #ii #ii #ii #ii #die #ah #i4 ,so #i #ha 444#ha #fefa #ai #i 444#ix#b #ah 444#ah #cbd #i4 #ix#cbg 444#bg #gbi #ah #i4 #ix#d #cf 444#cf #abif #ah #i4 ,and so with every multiple of #i--say #de1 #ed1 #fc1 #gb1 etc4 ,thus #ix#h #gb 444#gb #eahd #ah #i4 ,and further3 #ah #bg #cf #gb #ah #bg #cf #gb --- --- --- --- #add #i #ahi #ah #i #baf #i #add #i #ah #i #ed #i #ajh #i #ejd #i #cbd #i444ah #i #gbi #ah #i #abif #ah #i #eahd #ah #i #ajh #ajh ---- #hfd #ah #ajh #i ----- #aaffd #ah #i4 ,and so the cubes3 #bggbix#gbiahi #ahcbdi #iha #hafefaahi #gbi #cbd #fefa ---- ---- ---- #fefaahi #abifahi #fefaahi #adeh #ahi #fdh #ahi #cicff #bgi #eajc #i #igb #ahi #cbhje #ahi #cicff #bgi ------ ------ ------ #ecaddaahi #ajdigfbgi #dc1jdf1gbabgi4 ,the number #aj1 or the ,denary1 is the measure of everything2 and reduces multiplied numbers to unity4 ,containing all the numerical and harmonic relations1 and all the properties of the numbers which precede it1 it concludes the ,abacus or ,table of ,pythagoras4 ,to the ,mysterious ,societies1 this number typified the assemblage of all the wonders of the ,universe4 ,they wrote it thus ,greek3 ,,theta1 that is to say1 ,unity in the middle of ,zero1 as the centre of a circle1 or symbol of ,deity4 ,they saw in this figure everything that should lead to reflection3 the centre1 the ray1 and the circumference1 represented to them ,god1 ,man1 and the ,universe4 ,this number was1 among the ,sages1 a sign of concord1 love1 and peace4 ,to ,masons it is a sign of union and good faith2 because it is expressed by joining two hands1 or the ,master's grip1 when the number of fingers gives #aj3 and it was represented by the ,tetractys of ,pythagoras4 ,the number #ab1 like the number #g1 is celebrated in the worship of nature4 ,the two most famous divisions of the heavens1 that by #g1 which is that of the planets1 and that by #ab1 which is that of the ,signs of the ,zodiac1 are found upon the religious monuments of all the peoples of the ,ancient ,world1 even to the remote extremes of the ,east4 ,although ,pythagoras does not speak of the number #ab1 it is none the less a sacred number4 ,it is the image of the ,zodiac2 and consequently that of the ,sun1 which rules over it4 ,such are the ancient ideas in regard to those numbers which so often appear in ,masonry2 and rightly understood1 as the old ,sages understood them1 they contain many a pregnant lesson4 ,before we enter upon the final lesson of ,masonic ,philosophy1 we will delay a few moments to repeat to you the ,christian interpretations of the ,blue ,degrees4 ,in the ,first ,degree1 they said1 there are three symbols to be applied4 #ast4 ,man1 after the fall1 was left naked and defenceless against the just anger of the ,deity4 ,prone to evil1 the human race staggered blindly onward into the thick darkness of unbelief1 bound fast by the strong cable-tow of the natural and sinful will4 ,moral corruption was followed by physical misery4 ,want and destitution invaded the earth4 ,war and ,famine and ,pestilence filled up the measure of evil1 and over the sharp flints of misfortune and wretchedness man toiled with naked and bleeding feet4 ,this condition of blindness1 destitution1 misery1 and bondage1 from which to save the world the ,redeemer came1 is symbolized by the condition of the candidate1 when he is brought up for the first time to the door of the ,lodge4 #b;d4 ,notwithstanding the death of the ,redeemer1 man can be saved only by faith1 repentance1 and reformation4 ,to repent1 he must feel the sharp sting of conscience and remorse1 like a sword piercing his bosom4 ,his confidence in his guide1 whom he is told to follow and fear no danger2 his trust in ,god1 which he is caused to profess2 and the point of the sword that is pressed against his naked left breast over the heart1 are symbolical of the faith1 repentance and reformation necessary to bring him to the light of a life in ,christ the ,crucified4 #c;d4 ,having repented and reformed1 and bound himself to the service of ,god by a firm promise and obligation1 the light of ,christian hope shines down into the darkness of the heart of the humble penitent1 and blazes upon his pathway to ,heaven4 ,and this is symbolized by the candidate's being brought to light1 after he is obligated1 by the ,worshipful ,master1 who in that is a symbol of the ,redeemer1 and so brings him to light1 with the help of the brethren1 as ,he taught the ,word with the aid of the ,apostles4 ,in the ,second ,degree there are two symbols3 #dth4 ,the ,christian assumes new duties toward ,god and his fellows4 ,toward ,god1 of love1 gratitude1 and veneration1 and an anxious desire to serve and glorify ,him2 toward his fellows1 of kindness1 sympathy1 and justice4 ,and this assumption of duty1 this entering upon good works1 is symbolized by the ,fellow-,craft's obligation2 by which1 bound as an apprentice to secrecy merely1 and set in the ,northeast corner of the ,lodge1 he descends as a ,fellow-,craft into the body of the brethren1 and assumes the active duties of a good ,mason4 #eth4 ,the ,christian1 reconciled to ,god1 sees the world in a new light4 ,this great ,universe is no longer a mere machine1 wound up and set going six thousand or sixty millions years ago1 and left to run on afterward forever1 by virtue of a law of mechanics created at the beginning1 without further care or consideration on the part of the ,deity2 but it has now become to him a great emanation from ,god1 the product of ,his thought1 not a mere dead machine1 but a thing of life1 over which ,god watches continually1 and every movement of which is immediately produced by ,his present action1 the law of harmony being the essence of the ,deity1 re-enacted every instant4 ,and this is symbolized by the imperfect instruction given in the ,fellow-,craft's ,degree1 in the sciences1 and particularly geometry1 connected as the latter is with ,god ,himself in the mind of a ,mason1 because the same letter1 suspended in the ,east1 represents both2 and astronomy1 or the knowledge of the laws of motion and harmony that govern the spheres1 is but a portion of the wider science of geometry4 ,it is so symbolized1 because it is here1 in the ,second ,degree1 that the candidate first receives an other than moral instruction4 ,there are also two symbols in the ,third ,degree1 which1 with the #c in the first1 and #b in the second1 make the #g4 #fth4 ,the candidate1 after passing through the first part of the ceremony1 imagines himself a ,master2 and is surprised to be informed that as yet he is not1 and that it is uncertain whether he ever will be4 ,he is told of a difficult and dangerous path yet to be travelled1 and is advised that upon that journey it depends whether he will become a ,master4 ,this is symbolical of that which our ,saviour said to ,nicodemus1 that1 notwithstanding his morals might be beyond reproach1 he could not enter the ,kingdom of ,heaven unless he were born again2 symbolically dying1 and again entering the world regenerate1 like a spotless infant4 #gth4 ,the murder of ,hiram1 his burial1 and his being raised again by the ,master1 are symbols1 both of the death1 burial1 and resurrection of the ,redeemer2 and of the death and burial in sins of the natural man1 and his being raised again to a new life or born again1 by the direct action of the ,redeemer2 after ,morality 7symbolized by the ,entered ,apprentice's grip71 and ,philosophy 7symbolized by the grip of the ,fellow-,craft71 had failed to raise him4 ,that of the ,lion of the ,house of ,judah is the strong grip1 never to be broken1 with which ,christ1 of the royal line of that ,house1 has clasped to ,himself the whole human race1 and embraces them in ,his wide arms as closely and affectionately as brethren embrace each other on the five points of fellowship4 ,as ,entered ,apprentices and ,fellow-,crafts1 ,masons are taught to imitate the laudable example of those ,masons who labored at the building of ,king ,solomon's ,temple2 and to plant firmly and deep in their hearts those foundation-stones of principle1 truth1 justice1 temperance1 fortitude1 prudence1 and charity1 on which to erect that ,christian character which all the storms of misfortune and all the powers and temptations of ,hell shall not prevail against2 those feelings and noble affections which are the most proper homage that can be paid to the ,grand ,architect and ,great ,father of the ,universe1 and which make the heart a living temple builded to ,him3 when the unruly passions are made to submit to rule and measurement1 and their excesses are struck off with the gavel of self-restraint2 and when every action and every principle is accurately corrected and adjusted by the square of wisdom1 the level of humility1 and the plumb of justice4 ,the two columns1 ,jachin and ,boaz1 are the symbols of that profound faith and implicit trust in ,god and the ,redeemer that are the ,christian's strength2 and of those good works by which alone that faith can be established and made operative and effectual to salvation4 ,the three pillars that support the ,lodge are symbols of a ,christian's ,,hope in a future state of happiness2 ,,faith in the promises and the divine character and mission of the ,redeemer2 and ,,charitable ,,judgment of other men4 ,the three murderers of ,khir-,om symbolize ,pontius ,pilate1 ,caiaphas the ,high-,priest1 and ,judas ,iscariot3 and the three blows given him are the betrayal by the last1 the refusal of ,roman protection by ,pilate1 and the condemnation by the ,high-,priest4 ,they also symbolize the blow on the ear1 the scourging1 and the crown of thorns4 ,the twelve fellow-crafts sent in search of the body are the twelve disciples1 in doubt whether to believe that the ,redeemer would rise from the dead4 ,the ,master's word1 supposed to be lost1 symbolizes the ,christian faith and religion1 supposed to have been crushed and destroyed when the ,saviour was crucified1 after ,iscariot had betrayed ,him1 and ,peter deserted ,him1 and when the other disciples doubted whether ,he would arise from the dead2 but which rose from ,his tomb and flowed rapidly over the civilized world2 and so that which was supposed to be lost was found4 ,it symbolizes also the ,saviour ,himself2 the ,,word that was in the beginning--that was with ,god1 and that was ,god2 the ,word of life1 that was made flesh and dwelt among us1 and was supposed to be lost1 while ,he lay in the tomb1 for three days1 and ,his disciples as yet knew not the scripture that ,he must rise again from the dead1 and doubted when they heard of it1 and were amazed and frightened and still doubted when ,he appeared among them4 ,the bush of acacia placed at the head of the grave of ,khir-,om is an emblem of resurrection and immortality4 ,such are the explanations of our ,christian brethren2 entitled1 like those of all other ,masons1 to a respectful consideration4 ,,closing ,,instruction1 ,there is no pretence to infallibility in ,masonry4 ,it is not for us to dictate to any man what he shall believe4 ,we have hitherto1 in the instruction of the several ,degrees1 confined ourselves to laying before you the great thoughts that have found expression in the different ages of the world1 leaving you to decide for yourself as to the orthodoxy or heterodoxy of each1 and what proportion of truth1 if any1 each contained4 ,we shall pursue no other course in this closing ,philosophical instruction2 in which we propose to deal with the highest questions that have ever exercised the human mind1--with the existence and the nature of a ,god1 with the existence and the nature of the human soul1 and with the relations of the divine and human spirit with the merely material ,universe4 ,there can be no questions more important to an intelligent being1 none that have for him a more direct and personal interest2 and to this last word of ,scottish ,masonry we invite your serious and attentive consideration4 ,and1 as what we shall now say will be but the completion and rounding-off of what we have already said in several of the preceding ,degrees1 in regard to the ,old ,thought and the ,ancient ,philosophies1 we hope that you have noted and not forgotten our previous lessons1 without which this would seem imperfect and fragmentary4 ,in its idea of rewarding a faithful and intelligent workman by conferring upon him a knowledge of the ,true ,word1 ,masonry has perpetuated a very great truth1 because it involves the proposition that the idea which a man forms of ,god is always the most important element in his speculative theory of the ,universe1 and in his particular practical plan of action for the ,church1 the ,state1 the ,community1 the ,family1 and his own individual life4 ,it will ever make a vast difference in the conduct of a people in war or peace1 whether they believe the ,supreme ,god to be a cruel ,deity1 delighting in sacrifice and blood1 or a ,god of ,love2 and an individual's speculative theory as to the mode and extent of ,god's government1 and as to the nature and reality of his own free-will and consequent responsibility1 will needs have great influence in shaping the course of his life and conversation4 ,we see every day the vast influence of the popular idea of ,god4 ,all the great historical civilizations of the race have grown out of the national ideas which were formed of ,god2 or have been intimately connected with those ideas4 ,the popular ,theology1 which at first is only an abstract idea in the heads of philosophers1 by and by shows itself in the laws1 and in the punishments for crime1 in the churches1 the ceremonies and the sacraments1 the festivals and the fasts1 the weddings1 the baptisms and the funerals1 in the hospitals1 the colleges1 the schools1 and all the social charities1 in the relations of husband and wife1 parent and child1 in the daily work and the daily prayer of every man4 ,as the world grows in its development1 it necessarily outgrows its ancient ideas of ,god1 which were only temporary and provisional4 ,a man who has a higher conception of ,god than those about him1 and who denies that their conception is ,god1 is very likely to be called an ,atheist by men who are really far less believers in a ,god than he4 ,thus the ,christians1 who said the ,heathen idols were no ,gods1 were accounted ,atheists by the ,people1 and accordingly put to death2 and ,jesus of ,nazareth was crucified as an unbelieving blasphemer1 by the ,jews4 ,there is a mere formal ,atheism1 which is a denial of ,god in terms1 but not in reality4 ,a man says1 ,there is no ,god2 that is1 no ,god that is self-originated1 or that never originated1 but always ,,was and ,,had ,,been1 who is the cause of existence1 who is the ,mind and the ,providence of the ,universe2 and so the order1 beauty1 and harmony of the world of matter and mind do not indicate any plan or purpose of ,deity4 ,but1 he says1 ,,nature1--meaning by that the whole sum-total of existence1--that is powerful1 active1 wise1 and good2 ,nature is self-originated1 or always was and had been1 the cause of its own existence1 the mind of the ,universe and the ,providence of itself4 ,there is obviously a plan and purpose whereby order1 beauty1 and harmony are brought about2 but all that is the plan and purpose of nature4 ,in such cases1 the absolute denial of ,god is only formal and not real4 ,the qualities of ,god are admitted1 and affirmed to be real2 and it is a mere change of name to call the possessor of those qualities1 ,nature1 and not ,god4 ,the real question is1 whether such ,qualities exist1 as we call ,god2 and not1 by what particular name we shall designate the ,qualities4 ,one man may call the sum total of these ,qualities1 ,nature2 another1 ,heaven2 a third1 ,universe1 a fourth1 ,matter2 a fifth1 ,spirit2 a sixth1 ,god1 ,theos1 ,zeus1 ,alfadir1 ,allah1 or what he pleases4 ,all admit the existence of the ,being1 ,power1 or ,,ens1 thus diversely named4 ,the name is of the smallest consequence4 ,real ,atheism is the denial of the existence of any ,god1 of the actuality of all possible ideas of ,god4 ,it denies that there is any ,mind1 ,intelligence1 or ,,ens1 that is the ,cause and ,providence of the ,universe1 and of any ,thing or any ,existence1 ,soul1 ,spirit1 or ,being1 that intentionally or intelligently produces the ,order1 ,beauty1 and ,harmony thereof1 and the constant and regular modes of operation therein4 ,it must necessarily deny that there is any law1 order1 or harmony in existence1 or any constant mode of operation in the world2 for it is utterly impossible for any human creature to conceive1 however much he may pretend to do so1 of either of these1 except as a consequence of the action of ,intelligence2 which is1 indeed1 that otherwise unknown thing1 the existence of which these alone prove2 otherwise than as the cause of these1 not a thing at all2 a mere name for the wholly uncognizable cause of these4 ,the real atheist must deny the existence of the ,qualities of ,god1 deny that there is any mind of or in the ,universe1 any self-conscious ,providence1 any ,providence at all4 ,he must deny that there is any ,being or ,cause of ,finite things1 that is self-consciously powerful1 wise1 just1 loving1 and faithful to itself and its own nature4 ,he must deny that there is any plan in the ,universe or any part of it4 ,he must hold1 either that matter is eternal1 or that it originated itself1 which is absurd1 or that it was originated by an ,intelligence1 or at least by a ,cause2 and then he admits a ,god4 ,no doubt it is beyond the reach of our faculties to imagine how matter originated1--how it began to be1 in space where before was nothing1 or ,god only4 ,but it is equally beyond the reach of our faculties to imagine it eternal and unoriginated4 ,to hold it to be eternal1 without thought or will2 that the specific forms of it1 the seed1 the rock1 the tree1 the man1 the solar system1 all came with no forethought planning or producing them1 by chance or the fortuitous concourse of atoms of matter that has no thought or will2 and that they indicate no mind1 no plan1 no purpose1 no providence1 is absurd4 ,it is not to deny the existence of what we understand by mind1 plan1 purpose1 ,providence2 but to insist that these words shall have some other meaning than that which the human race has ever attached to them3 shall mean some unknown thing1 for which the human race has no name1 because it has of such a thing no possible idea4 ,either there never was any such thing as a plan1 and the word is nonsense1 or the ,universe exists in conformity to a plan4 ,the word never meant1 and never can mean1 any other thing than that which the ,universe exhibits4 ,so with the word purpose2 so with the word ,providence4 ,they mean nothing1 or else only what the ,universe proves4 ,it was soon found that the denial of a ,conscious ,power1 the cause of man and of his life1 of a ,providence1 or a ,mind and ,intelligence arranging man in reference to the world1 and the world in reference to man1 would not satisfy the instinctive desires of human nature1 or account for the facts of material nature4 ,it did not long answer to say1 if it ever was said1 that the ,universe was drifting in the void inane1 and neither it1 nor any mind within or without it1 knew of its whence1 its whither1 or its whereabouts2 that man was drifting in the ,universe1 knowing little of his whereabouts1 nothing of his whence or whither2 that there was no ,mind1 no ,providence1 no ,power1 that knew any better2 nothing that guided and directed man in his drifting1 or the ,universe in the weltering waste of ,time4 ,to say to man and woman1 your heroism1 your bravery1 your self-denial all comes to nothing3 your nobleness will do you no good3 you will die1 and your nobleness will do mankind no service2 for there is no plan or order in all these things2 everything comes and goes by the fortuitous concourse of atoms2 did not1 nor ever will1 long satisfy the human mind4 ,true1 the theory of ,atheism has been uttered4 ,it has been said1 ,death is the end3 this is a world without a ,god3 you are a body without a soul3 there is a ,here1 but no ,hereafter for you2 an ,earth1 but no ,heaven4 ,die1 and return to your dust4 ,man is bones1 blood1 bowels1 and brain2 mind is matter3 there is no soul in the brain1 nothing but nerves4 ,we can see all the way to a little star in the nebula of ,orion's belt2 so distant that it will take light a thousand millions of years to come from it to the earth1 journeying at the rate of twelve millions of miles a minute4 ,there is no ,heaven this side of that3 you see all the way through3 there is not a speck of ,heaven2 and do you think there is any beyond it2 and if so1 when would you reach it8 ,there is no ,providence4 ,nature is a fortuitous concourse of atoms2 thought is a fortuitous function of matter1 a fortuitous result of a fortuitous result1 a chance-shot from the great wind-gun of the ,universe1 accidentally loaded1 pointed at random1 and fired off by chance4 ,things happen2 they are not arranged4 ,there is luck1 and there is ill-luck2 but there is no ,providence4 ,die you into dust6 ,does all this satisfy the human instinct of immortality1 that makes us ever long1 with unutterable longing1 to join ourselves again to our dear ones who have gone away before us1 and to mankind1 for eternal life8 ,does it satisfy our mighty hungering and thirst for immortality1 our anxious longing to come nearer to1 and to know more of1 the ,eternal ,cause of all things8 ,men never could be content to believe that there was no mind that thought for man1 no conscience to enact eternal laws1 no heart to love those whom nothing of earth loves or cares for1 no will of the ,universe to marshal the nations in the way of wisdom1 justice1 and love4 ,history is not--thank ,god6 we know it is not1--the fortuitous concourse of events1 or ,nature that of atoms4 ,we cannot believe that there is no plan nor purpose in ,nature1 to guide our going out and coming in3 that there is a mighty going1 but it goes nowhere2 that all beauty1 wisdom1 affection1 justice1 morality in the world1 is an accident1 and may end to-morrow4 ,all over the world there is heroism unrequited1 or paid with misery2 vice on thrones1 corruption in high places1 nobleness in poverty or even in chains1 the gentle devotion of woman rewarded by brutal neglect or more brutal abuse and violence2 everywhere want1 misery1 over-work1 and under-wages4 ,add to these the ,atheist's creed1--a body without a soul1 an earth without a ,heaven1 a world without a ,god2 and what a ,pandemonium would we make of this world6 ,the intellect of the ,atheist would find matter everywhere2 but no ,causing and ,providing ,mind3 his moral sense would find no ,equitable ,will1 no ,beauty of ,moral ,excellence1 no ,conscience enacting justice into the unchanging law of right1 no spiritual ,order or spiritual ,providence1 but only material ,fate and ,chance4 ,his affections would find only finite things to love2 and to them the dead who were loved and who died yesterday1 are like the rainbow that yesterday evening lived a moment and then passed away4 ,his soul1 flying through the vast ,inane1 and feeling the darkness with its wings1 seeking the ,soul of all1 which at once is ,reason1 ,conscience1 and the ,heart of all that is1 would find no ,god1 but a ,universe all disorder2 no ,infinite1 no ,reason1 no ,conscience1 no ,heart1 no ,soul of things2 nothing to reverence1 to esteem1 to love1 to worship1 to trust in2 but only an ,ugly ,force1 alien and foreign to us1 that strikes down those we love1 and makes us mere worms on the hot sand of the world4 ,no voice would speak from the ,earth to comfort him4 ,it is a cruel mother1 that great ,earth1 that devours her young1--a ,force and nothing more4 ,out of the sky would smile no kind ,providence1 in all its thousand starry eyes2 and in storms a malignant violence1 with its lightning-sword1 would stab into the darkness1 seeking for men to murder4 ,no man ever was or ever can be content with that4 ,the evidence of ,god has been ploughed into ,nature so deeply1 and so deeply woven into the texture of the human soul1 that ,atheism has never become a faith1 though it has sometimes assumed the shape of theory4 ,religion is natural to man4 ,instinctively he turns to ,god and reverences and relies on ,him4 ,in the ,mathematics of the ,heavens1 written in gorgeous diagrams of fire1 he sees law1 order1 beauty1 harmony without end3 in the ethics of the little nations that inhabit the ant-hills he sees the same2 in all ,nature1 animate and inanimate1 he sees the evidences of a ,design1 a ,will1 an ,intelligence1 and a ,god1--of a ,god beneficent and loving as well as wise1 and merciful and indulgent as well as powerful4 ,to man1 surrounded by the material ,universe1 and conscious of the influence that his material environments exercised upon his fortunes and his present destiny2--to man1 ever confronted with the splendors of the starry heavens1 the regular march of the seasons1 the phenomena of sunrise and moonrise1 and all the evidences of intelligence and design that everywhere pressed upon and overwhelmed him1 all imaginable questions as to the nature and cause of these phenomena constantly recurred1 demanding to be solved1 and refusing to be sent away unanswered4 ,and still1 after the lapse of ages1 press upon the human mind and demand solution1 the same great questions--perhaps still demanding it in vain4 ,advancing to the period when man had ceased to look upon the separate parts and individual forces of the ,universe as gods1--when he had come to look upon it as a whole1 this question1 among the earliest1 occurred to him1 and insisted on being answered3 ,is this material ,universe self-existent1 or was it created8 ,is it eternal1 or did it originate8 ,and then in succession came crowding on the human mind these other questions3 ,is this material ,universe a mere aggregate of fortuitous combinations of matter1 or is it the result and work of intelligence1 acting upon a plan8 ,if there be such an ,intelligence1 what and where is it8 ,is the material ,universe itself an ,intelligent being8 ,is it like man1 a body and a soul8 ,does ,nature act upon itself1 or is there a ,cause beyond it that acts upon it8 ,if there is a personal ,god1 separate from the material ,universe1 that created all things1 ,himself uncreated1 is ,he corporeal or incorporeal1 material or spiritual1 the soul of the ,universe or wholly apart from it8 and if ,he be ,spirit1 what then is spirit8 ,was that ,supreme ,deity active or quiescent before the creation2 and if quiescent during a previous eternity1 what necessity of ,his nature moved ,him at last to create a world2 or was it a mere whim that had no motive8 ,was matter co-existent with ,him1 or absolutely created by him out of nothing8 ,did ,he create it1 or only mould and shape and fashion a chaos already existing1 co-existent with ,himself8 ,did the ,deity directly create matter1 or was creation the work of inferior deities1 emanations from ,himself8 ,if ,he be good and just1 whence comes it that1 foreknowing everything1 ,he has allowed sorrow and evil to exist2 and how to reconcile with ,his benevolence and wisdom the prosperity of vice and the misfortunes of virtue in this world8 ,and then1 as to man himself1 recurred these other questions1 as they continue to recur to all of us3 ,what is it in us that thinks8 ,is ,thought the mere result of material organization2 or is there in us a soul that thinks1 separate from and resident in the body8 ,if the latter1 is it eternal and uncreated2 and if not1 how created8 ,is it distinct from ,god1 or an emanation from ,him8 ,is it inherently immortal1 or only so by destination1 because ,god has willed it8 ,is it to return to and be merged in ,him1 or ever to exist1 separately from ,him1 with its present identity8 ,if ,god has fore-seen and fore-arranged all that occurs1 how has man any real free-will1 or the least control over circumstances8 ,how can anything be done against the will of ,infinite ,omnipotence2 and if all is done according to that will1 how is there any wrong or evil1 in what ,infinite ,wisdom and ,infinite ,power does not choose to prevent8 ,what is the foundation of the moral law8 ,did ,god enact it of ,his own mere pleasure2 and if so1 can ,he not1 when ,he pleases1 repeal it8 ,who shall assure us ,he will not repeal it1 and make right wrong1 and virtue vice8 ,or is the moral law a necessity of ,his nature2 and if so1 who enacted it2 and does not that assert a power1 like the old ,necessity1 superior to ,deity8 ,and1 close-following after these1 came the great question of ,,hereafter1 of another ,life1 of the soul's ,destiny2 and the thousand other collateral and subordinate questions1 as to matter1 spirit1 futurity1 and ,god1 that have produced all the systems of philosophy1 all metaphysics1 and all theology1 since the world began4 ,what the old philosophic mind thought upon these great questions1 we have already1 to some extent1 developed4 ,with the ,emanation-doctrine of the ,gnostics and the ,orient1 we have endeavored to make you familiar4 ,we have brought you face to face with the ,kabalists1 the ,essenes1 and ,philo the ,jew4 ,we have shown that1 and how1 much of the old mythology was derived from the daily and yearly recurring phenomena of the heavens4 ,we have exhibited to you the ancient notions by which they endeavored to explain to themselves the existence and prevalence of evil2 and we have in some degree made known to you their metaphysical ideas as to the nature of the ,deity4 ,much more remains to be done than it is within our power to do4 ,we stand upon the sounding shore of the great ocean of ,time4 ,in front of us stretches out the heaving waste of the illimitable ,past2 and its waves1 as they roll up to our feet along the sparkling slope of the yellow sands1 bring to us1 now and then1 from the depths of that boundless ocean1 a shell1 a few specimens of alg torn rudely from their stems1 a rounded pebble2 and that is all2 of all the vast treasures of ancient thought that lie buried there1 with the mighty anthem of the boundless ocean thundering over them forever and forever4 ,let us once more1 and for the last time1 along the shore of that great ocean1 gather a few more relics of the ,past1 and listen to its mighty voices1 as they come1 in fragmentary music1 in broken and interrupted rhythm1 whispering to us from the great bosom of the ,past4 ,rites1 creeds1 and legends express1 directly or symbolically1 some leading idea1 according to which the ,mysteries of ,being are supposed to be1 explained in ,deity4 ,the intricacies of mythical genealogies are a practical acknowledgment of the mysterious nature of the ,omnipotent ,deity2 displaying in their beautiful but ineffectual imagery the first efforts of the mind to communicate with nature3 the flowers which fancy strewed before the youthful steps of ,psyche1 when she first set out in pursuit of the immortal object of her love4 ,theories and notions1 in all their varieties of truth and falsehood1 are a machinery more or less efficacious1 directed to the same end4 ,every religion was1 in its origin1 an embryo philosophy1 or an attempt to interpret the unknown by mind2 and it was only when philosophy1 which is essentially progress1 outgrew its first acquisitions1 that religion became a thing apart1 cherishing as unalterable dogmas the notions which philosophy had abandoned4 ,separated from philosophy1 it became arrogant and fantastical1 professing to have already attained what its more authentic representative was ever pursuing in vain2 and discovering1 through its initiations and ,mysteries1 all that to its contracted view seemed wanting to restore the well-being of mankind1 the means of purification and expiation1 remedies for disease1 expedients to cure the disorders of the soul1 and to propitiate the gods4 ,why should we attempt to confine the idea of the ,supreme ,mind within an arbitrary barrier1 or exclude from the limits of veracity any conception of the ,deity1 which1 if imperfect and inadequate1 may be only a little more so than our own8 ,the name of ,god1 says ,hobbes1 is used not to make us conceive ,him1 for ,he is inconceivable1 but that we may honor ,him4 ,believe in ,god1 and adore ,him1 said the ,greek ,poet1 but investigate ,him not2 the inquiry is fruitless1 seek not to discover who ,god is2 for1 by the desire to know1 you offend ,him who chooses to remain unknown4 ,when we attempt1 says ,philo1 to investigate the essence of the ,absolute ,being1 we fall into an abyss of perplexity2 and the only benefit to be derived from such researches is the conviction of their absurdity4 ,yet man1 though ignorant of the constitution of the dust on which he treads1 has ventured1 and still ventures1 to speculate on the nature of ,god1 and to define dogmatically in creeds the subject least within the compass of his faculties2 and even to hate and persecute those who will not accept his views as true4 ,but though a knowledge of the ,divine ,essence is impossible1 the conceptions formed respecting it are interesting1 as indications of intellectual development4 ,the history of religion is the history of the human mind2 and the conception formed by it of ,deity is always in exact relation to its moral and intellectual attainments4 ,the one is the index and the measure of the other4 ,the negative notion of ,god1 which consists in abstracting the inferior and finite1 is1 according to ,philo1 the only way in which it is possible for man worthily to apprehend the nature of ,god4 ,after exhausting the varieties of symbolism1 we contrast the ,divine ,greatness with human littleness1 and employ expressions apparently affirmative1 such as ,infinite1 ,almighty1 ,all-wise1 ,omnipotent1 ,eternal1 and the like2 which in reality amount only to denying1 in regard to ,god1 those limits which confine the faculties of man2 and thus we remain content with a name which is a mere conventional sign and confession of our ignorance4 ,the ,hebrew and the ,greek ,to ,,on expressed abstract existence1 without outward manifestation or development4 ,of the same nature are the definitions1 ,god is a sphere whose centre is everywhere1 and whose circumference nowhere2 ,god is ,he who sees all1 ,himself unseen3 and finally1 that of ,proclus and ,hegel--the ,to --that which has no outward and positive existence4 ,most of the so-called ideas or definitions of the ,absolute are only a collection of negations2 from which1 as they affirm nothing1 nothing is learned4 ,god was first recognized in the heavenly bodies and in the elements4 ,when man's consciousness of his own intellectuality was matured1 and he became convinced that the internal faculty of thought was something more subtle than even the most subtle elements1 he transferred that new conception to the object of his worship1 and deified a mental principle instead of a physical one4 ,he in every case makes ,god after his own image2 for do what we will1 the highest efforts of human thought can conceive nothing higher than the supremacy of intellect2 and so he ever comes back to some familiar type of exalted humanity4 ,he at first deifies nature1 and afterward himself4 ,the eternal aspiration of the religious sentiment in man is to become united with ,god4 ,in his earliest development1 the wish and its fulfillment were simultaneous1 through unquestioning belief4 ,in proportion as the conception of ,deity was exalted1 the notion of ,his terrestrial presence or proximity was abandoned2 and the difficulty of comprehending the ,divine ,government1 together with the glaring superstitious evils arising out of its misinterpretation1 endangered the belief in it altogether4 ,even the lights of ,heaven1 which1 as bright potentates of the sky1 were formerly the vigilant directors of the economy of earth1 now shine dim and distant1 and ,uriel no more descends upon a sunbeam4 ,but the real change has been in the progressive ascent of man's own faculties1 and not in the ,divine ,nature2 as the ,stars are no more distant now than when they were supposed to rest on the shoulders of ,atlas4 ,and yet a little sense of disappointment and humiliation attended the first awakening of the soul1 when reason1 looking upward toward the ,deity1 was impressed with a dizzy sense of having fallen4 ,but hope revives in despondency2 and every nation that ever advanced beyond the most elementary conceptions1 felt the necessity of an attempt to fill the chasm1 real or imaginary1 separating man from ,god4 ,to do this was the great task of poetry1 philosophy1 and religion4 ,hence the personifications of ,god's attributes1 developments1 and manifestations1 as ,powers1 ,intelligences1 ,angels1 ,emanations2 through which and the oracular faculty in himself1 man could place himself in communion with ,god4 ,the various ranks and orders of mythical beings imagined by ,persians1 ,indians1 ,egyptians1 or ,etrurians1 to preside over the various departments of nature1 had each his share in a scheme to bring man into closer approximation to the ,deity2 they eventually gave way only before an analogous though less picturesque symbolism2 and the ,deities and ,dmons of ,greece and ,rome were perpetuated with only a change of names1 when their offices were transferred to ,saints and ,martyrs4 ,the attempts by which reason had sometimes endeavored to span the unknown by a bridge of metaphysics1 such as the idealistic systems of ,zoroaster1 ,pythagoras1 or ,plato1 were only a more refined form of the poetical illusions which satisfied the vulgar2 and man still looked back with longing to the lost golden age1 when his ancestors communed face to face with the ,gods2 and hoped that1 by propitiating ,heaven1 he might accelerate the renewal of it in the islands of the ,far ,west1 under the sceptre of ,kronos1 or in a centralization of political power at ,jerusalem4 ,his eager hope overcame even the terrors of the grave2 for the ,divine power was as infinite as human expectation1 and the ,egyptian1 duly ensepulchred in the ,lybian ,catacombs1 was supposed to be already on his way to the ,fortunate ,abodes under the guidance of ,hermes1 there to obtain a perfect association and reunion with his ,god4 ,remembering what we have already said elsewhere in regard to the old ideas concerning the ,deity1 and repeating it as little as possible1 let us once more put ourselves in communion with the ,ancient poetic and philosophic mind1 and endeavor to learn of it what it thought1 and how it solved the great problems that have ever tortured the human intellect4 ,the division of the ,first and ,supreme ,cause into two parts1 one ,active and the other ,passive1 the ,universe ,agent and ,patient1 or the hermaphroditic ,god-,world1 is one of the most ancient and widespread dogmas of philosophy or natural theology4 ,almost every ancient people gave it a place in their worship1 their mysteries1 and their ceremonies4 ,ocellus ,lucanus1 who seems to have lived shortly after ,pythagoras opened his ,school in ,italy1 five or six hundred years before our era1 and in the time of ,solon1 ,thales1 and the other ,sages who had studied in the ,schools of ,egypt1 not only recognizes the eternity of the ,universe1 and its divine character as an unproduced and indestructible being1 but also the distinction of ,active and ,passive causes in what he terms the ,grand ,whole1 or the single hermaphroditic ,being that comprehends all existences1 as well causes as effects2 and which is a system regularly ordered1 perfect and complete1 of all ,natures4 ,he well apprehended the dividing-line that separates existence eternally the same1 from that which eternally changes2 the nature of celestial from that of terrestrial bodies1 that of causes from that of effects1 that which is from that which only ,,becomes1--a distinction that naturally struck every thinking man4 ,we shall not quote his language at full length4 ,the heavenly bodies1 he thought1 are first and most noble2 they move of themselves1 and ever revolve1 without change of form or essence4 ,fire1 water1 earth1 and air change incessantly and continually1 not place1 but form4 ,then1 as in the ,universe there are generation and cause of generation1--as generation is where there are change and displacement of parts1 and cause where there is stability of nature1 evidently it belongs to what is the cause of generation1 to move and to act1 and to the recipient1 to be made and moved4 ,in his view1 everything above the ,moon was the habitation of the gods2 all below1 that of ,nature and discord2 this operates dissolution of things made2 that1 production of those that are being made4 ,as the world is unproduced and indestructible1 as it had no beginning1 and will have no end1 necessarily the principle that operates generation in another than itself1 and that which operates it in itself1 have co-existed4 ,the former is all above the moon1 and especially the sun3 the latter is the sublunary world4 ,of these two parts1 one active1 the other passive--one divine and always the same1 the other mortal and ever changing1 all that we call the world or universe is composed4 ,these accorded with the principles of the ,egyptian philosophy1 which held that man and the animals had always existed together with the world2 that they were its effects1 eternal like itself4 ,the chief divisions of nature into active and passive causes1 its system of generation and destruction1 and the concurrence of the two great principles1 ,heaven and earth1 uniting to form all things1 will1 according to ,ocellus1 always continue to exist4 ,enough1 he concludes1 as to the ,universe1 the generations and destructions effected in it1 the mode in which it now exists1 the mode in which it will ever exist1 by the eternal qualities of the two principles1 one always moving1 the other always moved2 one always governing1 the other always governed4 ,such is a brief summary of the doctrine of this philosopher1 whose work is one of the most ancient that has survived to us4 ,the subject on which he treated occupied in his time all men's minds3 the poets sang of cosmogonies and theogonies1 and the philosophers wrote treatises on the birth of the world and the elements of its composition4 ,the cosmogony of the ,hebrews1 attributed to ,moses2 that of the ,phnicians1 ascribed to ,sanchoniathon2 that of the ,greeks1 composed by ,hesiod2 that of the ,egyptians1 the ,atlantes1 and the ,cretans1 preserved by ,diodorus ,siculus2 the fragments of the theology of ,orpheus1 divided among different writers2 the books of the ,persians1 or their ,boundehesh2 those of the ,hinds2 the traditions of the ,chinese and the people of ,macassar2 the cosmogonic chants which ,virgil puts in the mouth of ,iopas at ,carthage2 and those of the old ,silenus1 the first book of the ,metamorphoses of ,ovid2 all testify to the antiquity and universality of these fictions as to the origin of the world and its causes4 ,at the head of the causes of nature1 ,heaven and earth were placed2 and the most apparent parts of each1 the sun1 the moon1 the fixed stars and planets1 and1 above all1 the zodiac1 among the active causes of generation2 and among the passive1 the several elements4 ,these causes were not only classed in the progressive order of their energy1 ,heaven and earth heading the respective lists1 but distinct sexes were in some sort assigned to them1 and characteristics analogous to the mode in which they concur in universal generation4 ,the doctrine of ,ocellus was the general doctrine everywhere1 it naturally occurring to all to make the same distinction4 ,the ,egyptians did so1 in selecting those animals in which they recognized these emblematic qualities1 in order to symbolize the double sex of the ,universe4 ,their ,god ,,kneph1 out of whose mouth issued the ,orphic egg1 whence the author of the ,clementine ,recognitions makes a hermaphroditic figure to emerge1 uniting in itself the two principles whereof ,heaven and the earth are forms1 and which enter into the organization of all beings which the heavens and the earth engender by their concourse1 furnishes another emblem of the double power1 active and passive1 which the ancients saw in the ,universe1 and which they symbolized by the egg4 ,orpheus1 who studied in ,egypt1 borrowed from the theologians of that country the mysterious forms under which the science of nature was veiled1 and carried into ,greece the symbolic egg1 with its division into two parts or causes figured by the hermaphroditic being that issued from it1 and whereof ,heaven and earth are composed4 ,the ,brahmins of ,india expressed the same cosmogonic idea by a statue1 representative of the ,universe1 uniting in itself both sexes4 ,the male sex offered an image of the sun1 centre of the active principle1 and the female sex that of the moon1 at the sphere whereof1 proceeding downward1 the passive portion of nature begins4 ,the ,lingam1 unto the present day revered in the ,indian temples1 being but the conjunction of the organs of generation of the two sexes1 was an emblem of the same4 ,the ,hinds have ever had the greatest veneration for this symbol of ever-reproductive nature4 ,the ,greeks consecrated the same symbols of universal fruitfulness in their ,mysteries2 and they were exhibited in the sanctuaries of ,eleusis4 ,they appear among the sculptured ornaments of all the ,indian temples4 ,tertullian accuses the ,valentinians of having adopted the custom of venerating them2 a custom1 he says1 introduced by ,melampus from ,egypt into ,greece4 ,the ,egyptians consecrated the ,phallus in the ,mysteries of ,osiris and ,isis1 as we learn from ,plutarch and ,diodorus ,siculus2 and the latter assures us that these emblems were not consecrated by the ,egyptians alone1 but by every people4 ,they certainly were so among the ,persians and ,assyrians2 and they were regarded everywhere as symbolic of the generative and productive powers of all animated beings4 ,in those early ages1 the works of ,nature and all her agents were sacred like herself4 ,for the union of ,nature with herself is a chaste marriage1 of which the union of man and woman was a natural image1 and their organs were an expressive emblem of the double energy which manifests itself in ,heaven1 and ,earth uniting together to produce all beings4 ,the ,heavens1 says ,plutarch1 seemed to men to fulfill the functions of father1 and the ,earth of mother4 ,the former impregnated the earth with its fertilizing rains1 and the earth1 receiving them1 became fruitful and brought forth4 ,heaven1 which covers and embraces the earth everywhere1 is her potent spouse1 uniting himself to her to make her fruitful1 without which she would languish in everlasting sterility1 buried in the shades of chaos and of night4 ,their union is their marriage2 their productions or parts are their children4 ,the skies are our ,father1 and ,nature the great ,mother of us all4 ,this idea was not the dogma of a single sect1 but the general opinion of all the ,sages4 ,nature was divided1 says ,cicero1 into two parts1 one active1 and the other that submitted itself to this action1 which it received1 and which modified it4 ,the former was deemed to be a ,force1 and the latter the material on which that ,force exerted itself4 ,macrobius repeated almost literally the doctrine of ,ocellus4 ,aristotle termed the earth the fruitful mother1 environed on all sides by the air4 ,above it was ,heaven1 the dwelling-place of the gods and the divine stars1 its substance ether1 or a fire incessantly moving in circles1 divine and incorruptible1 and subject to no change4 ,below it1 nature1 and the elements1 mutable and acted on1 corruptible and mortal4 ,synesius said that generations were effected in the portions of the ,universe which we inhabit2 while the cause of generations resided in the portions above us1 whence descend to us the germs of the effects produced here below4 ,proclus and ,simplicius deemed ,heaven the ,active ,cause and ,father1 relatively to the earth4 ,the former says that the ,world or the ,whole is a single ,animal2 what is done in it1 is done by it2 the same ,world acts1 and acts upon itself4 ,he divides it into ,heaven and ,generation4 ,in the former1 he says1 are placed and arranged the conservative causes of generation1 superintended by the ,genii and ,gods4 ,the ,earth1 or ,rhea1 associated ever with ,saturn in production1 is mother of the effects of which ,heaven is ,father2 the womb or bosom that receives the fertilizing energy of the ,god that engenders ages4 ,the great work of generation is operated1 he says1 primarily by the action of the ,sun1 and secondarily by that of the ,moon1 so that the ,sun is the primitive source of this energy1 as father and chief of the male gods that form his court4 ,he follows the action of the male and female principles through all the portions and divisions of nature1 attributing to the former the origin of stability and identity1 to the latter1 that of diversity and mobility4 ,heaven is to the earth1 he says1 as the male to the female4 ,it is the movement of the heavens that1 by their revolutions1 furnished the seminal incitements and forces1 whose emanations received by the earth1 make it fruitful1 and cause it to produce animals and plants of every kind4 ,philo says that ,moses recognized this doctrine of two causes1 active and passive2 but made the former to reside in the ,mind or ,intelligence external to matter4 ,the ancient astrologers divided the twelve signs of the ,zodiac into six male and six female1 and assigned them to six male and six female ,great ,gods4 ,heaven and ,earth1 or ,ouranos and ,gh1 were among most ancient nations1 the first and most ancient ,divinities4 ,we find them in the ,phenician history of ,sanchoniathon1 and in the ,grecian ,genealogy of the ,gods given by ,hesiod4 ,everywhere they marry1 and by their union produce the later ,gods4 ,in the beginning1 says ,apollodorus1 ,ouranos or the ,heavens was ,lord of all the ,universe3 he took to wife ,gh or the earth1 and had by her many children4 ,they were the first ,gods of the ,cretans1 and under other names1 of the ,armenians1 as we learn from ,berosus1 and of ,panchaia1 an island ,south of ,arabia1 as we learn from ,euhemerus4 ,orpheus made the ,divinity1 or the ,great ,whole1 male and female1 because1 he said1 it could produce nothing1 unless it united in itself the productive force of both sexes4 ,he called ,heaven ,,pangenetor1 the ,father of all things1 most ancient of ,beings1 beginning and end of all1 containing in ,himself the incorruptible and unwearying force of ,necessity4 ,the same idea obtained in the rude ,north of ,europe4 ,the ,scythians made the earth to be the wife of ,jupiter2 and the ,germans adored her under the name of ,,herta4 ,the ,celts worshipped the ,heavens and the ,earth1 and said that without the former the latter would be sterile1 and that their marriage produced all things4 ,the ,scandinavians acknowledged ,b,r or the ,heavens1 and gave ,,furtur1 his son1 the ,earth as his wife4 ,olaus ,rudbeck adds1 that their ancestors were persuaded that ,heaven intermarried with the ,earth1 and thus uniting his forces with hers1 produced animals and plants4 ,this marriage of ,heaven and ,earth produced the ,,azes1 ,genii famous in the theology of the ,north4 ,in the theology of the ,phrygians and ,lydians1 the ,,asii were born of the marriage of the ,supreme ,god with the ,earth1 and ,firmicus informs us that the ,phrygians attributed to the ,earth supremacy over the other elements1 and considered her the ,great ,mother of all things4 ,virgil sings the impregnation of the joyous earth1 by the ,ether1 its spouse1 that descends upon its bosom1 fertilizing it with rains4 ,columella sings the loves of ,nature and her marriage with ,heaven annually consummated at the sweet ,spring-time4 ,he describes the ,spirit of ,life1 the soul that animates the world1 fired with the passion of ,love1 uniting with ,nature and itself1 itself a part of ,nature1 and filling its own bosom with new productions4 ,this union of the ,universe with itself1 this mutual action of two sexes1 he terms the great ,secrets of ,nature1 the ,mysteries of the ,union of ,heaven with ,earth1 imaged in the ,sacred ,mysteries of ,atys and ,bacchus4 ,varro tells us that the great ,divinities adored at ,samothrace were the ,heavens and the ,earth1 considered as ,first ,causes or ,primal ,gods1 and as male and female agents1 one bearing to the other the relations that the ,soul and ,principle of ,movement bear to the body or the matter that receives them4 ,these were the gods revered in the ,mysteries of that ,island1 as they were in the orgies of ,phnicia4 ,everywhere the sacred body of ,nature was covered with the veil of allegory1 which concealed it from the profane1 and allowed it to be seen only by the sage who thought it worthy to be the object of his study and investigation4 ,she showed herself to those only who loved her in spirit and in truth1 and she abandoned the indifferent and careless to error and to ignorance4 ,the ,sages of ,greece1 says ,pausanias1 never wrote otherwise than in an enigmatical manner1 never naturally and directly4 ,nature1 says ,sallust the ,philosopher1 should be sung only in a language that imitates the secrecy of her processes and operations4 ,she is herself an enigma4 ,we see only bodies in movement2 the forces and springs that move them are hidden from us4 ,the poets inspired by the ,divinity1 the wisest philosophers1 all the theologians1 the chiefs of the initiations and ,mysteries1 even the gods uttering their oracles1 have borrowed the figurative language of allegory4 ,the ,egyptians1 says ,proclus1 preferred that mode of teaching1 and spoke of the great secrets of ,nature1 only in mythological enigmas4 ,the ,gymnosophists of ,india and the ,druids of ,gaul lent to science the same enigmatic language1 and in the same style wrote the ,hierophants of ,phnicia4 ,the division of things into the active and the passive cause leads to that of the two ,principles of ,light and ,darkness1 connected with and corresponding with it4 ,for ,light comes from the ethereal substance that composes the active cause1 and darkness from earth or the gross matter which composes the passive cause4 ,in ,hesiod1 the ,earth1 by its union with ,tartarus1 engenders ,typhon1 ,chief of the ,powers or ,genii of ,darkness4 ,but it unites itself with the ,ether or ,ouranos1 when it engenders the ,gods of ,olympus1 or the ,stars1 children of ,starry ,ouranos4 ,light was the first ,divinity worshipped by men4 ,to it they owed the brilliant spectacle of ,nature4 ,it seems an emanation from the ,creator of all things1 making known to our senses the ,universe which darkness hides from our eyes1 and1 as it were1 giving it existence4 ,darkness1 as it were1 reduces all nature again to nothingness1 and almost entirely annihilates man4 ,naturally1 therefore1 two substances of opposite natures were imagined1 to each of which the world was in turn subjected1 one contributing to its felicity and the other to its misfortune4 ,light multiplied its enjoyments2 ,darkness despoiled it of them3 the former was its friend1 the latter its enemy4 ,to one all good was attributed2 to the other all evil2 and thus the words ,light and ,good became synonymous1 and the words ,darkness and ,evil4 ,it seeming that ,good and ,evil could not flow from one and the same source1 any more than could ,light and ,darkness1 men naturally imagined two ,causes or ,principles1 of different natures and opposite in their effects1 one of which shed ,light and ,good1 and the other ,darkness and ,evil1 on the ,universe4 ,this distinction of the two ,principles was admitted in all the ,theologies1 and formed one of the principal bases of all religions4 ,it entered as a primary element into the sacred fables1 the cosmogonies and the ,mysteries of antiquity4 ,we are not to suppose1 says ,plutarch1 that the ,principles of the ,universe are inanimate bodies1 as ,democritus and ,epicurus thought2 nor that a matter devoid of qualities is organized and arranged by a single ,reason or ,providence1 ,sovereign over all things1 as the ,stoics held2 for it is not possible that a single ,being1 good or evil1 is the cause of all1 inasmuch as ,god can in nowise be the cause of any evil4 ,the harmony of the ,universe is a combination of contraries1 like the strings of a lyre1 or that of a bow1 which alternately is stretched and relaxed4 ,the good1 says ,euripides1 is never separated from the ,evil4 ,the two must mingle1 that all may go well4 ,and this opinion as to the two principles1 continues ,plutarch1 is that of all antiquity4 ,from the ,theologians and ,legislators it passed to the ,poets and ,philosophers4 ,its author is unknown2 but the opinion itself is established by the traditions of the whole human race1 and consecrated in the mysteries and sacrifices both of the ,greeks and ,barbarians1 wherein was recognized the dogma of opposing principles in nature1 which1 by their contrariety1 produce the mixture of good and evil4 ,we must admit two contrary causes1 two opposing powers1 which lead1 one to the right and the other to the left1 and thus control our life1 as they do the sublunary world1 which is therefore subject to so many changes and irregularities of every kind4 ,for if there can be no effect without a cause1 and if the ,good cannot be the cause of the ,evil1 it is absolutely necessary that there should be a cause for the ,evil1 as there is one for the ,good4 ,this doctrine1 he adds1 has been generally received among most nations1 and especially by those who have had the greatest reputation for wisdom4 ,all have admitted two gods1 with different occupations1 one making the good and the other the evil found in nature4 ,the former has been styled ,god1 the latter ,demon4 ,the ,persians1 or ,zoroaster1 named the former ,ormuzd and the latter ,ahriman2 of whom they said one was of the nature of ,light1 the other of that of ,darkness4 ,the ,egyptians called the former ,osiris1 and the latter ,typhon1 his eternal enemy4 ,the ,hebrews1 at least after their return from the ,persian captivity1 had their good ,deity1 and the ,devil1 a bad and malicious ,spirit1 ever opposing ,god1 and ,chief of the ,angels of ,darkness1 as ,god was of those of ,light4 ,the word ,satan means1 in ,hebrew1 simply1 ,the ,adversary4 ,the ,chaldeans1 ,plutarch says1 had their good and evil stars4 ,the ,greeks had their ,jupiter and ,pluto1 and their ,giants and ,titans1 to whom were assigned the attributes of the ,serpent with which ,pluto or ,serapis was encircled1 and the shape whereof was assumed by ,typhon1 ,ahriman1 and the ,satan of the ,hebrews4 ,every people had something equivalent to this4 ,the ,people of ,pegu believe in two ,principles1 one author of ,good and the other of ,evil1 and strive to propitiate the latter1 while they think it needless to worship the former1 as he is incapable of doing evil4 ,the people of ,java1 of the ,moluccas1 of the ,gold ,coast1 the ,hottentots1 the people of ,teneriffe and ,madagascar1 and the ,savage ,tribes of ,america1 all worship and strive to avert the anger and propitiate the good-will of the ,evil ,spirit4 ,but among the ,greeks1 ,egyptians1 ,chaldeans1 ,persians1 and ,assyrians1 the doctrine of the two ,principles formed a complete and regularly arranged theological system4 ,it was the basis of the religion of the ,magi and of ,egypt4 ,the author of an ancient work1 attributed to ,origen1 says that ,pythagoras learned from ,zarastha1 a ,magus at ,babylon 7the same1 perhaps1 as ,zerdusht or ,zoroaster71 that there are two principles of all things1 whereof one is the father and the other the mother2 the former1 ,light1 and the latter1 ,darkness4 ,pythagoras thought that the ,dependencies on ,light were warmth1 dryness1 lightness1 swiftness2 and those of ,darkness1 cold1 wet1 weight1 and slowness2 and that the world derived its existence from these two principles1 as from the male and the female4 ,according to ,porphyry1 he conceived two opposing powers1 one good1 which he termed ,unity1 the ,light1 ,right1 the ,equal1 the ,stable1 the ,straight2 the other evil1 which he termed ,binary1 ,darkness1 the ,left1 the ,unequal1 the ,unstable1 the ,crooked4 ,these ideas he received from the ,orientals1 for he dwelt twelve years at ,babylon1 studying with the ,magi4 ,varro says he recognized two ,principles of all things1--the ,finite and the ,infinite1 ,good and ,evil1 ,life and ,death1 ,day and ,night4 ,white he thought was of the nature of the ,good ,principle1 and ,black of that of the ,evil2 that ,light and ,darkness1 ,heat and ,cold1 the ,dry and the ,wet1 mingled in equal proportions2 that ,summer was the triumph of heat1 and ,winter of cold2 that their equal combination produced ,spring and ,autumn1 the former producing verdure and favorable to health1 and the latter1 deteriorating everything1 giving birth to maladies4 ,he applied the same idea to the rising and setting of the sun2 and1 like the ,magi1 held that ,god or ,ormuzd in the body resembled light1 and in the soul1 truth4 ,aristotle1 like ,plato1 admitted a principle of ,evil1 resident in matter and in its eternal imperfection4 ,the ,persians said that ,ormuzd1 born of the pure ,light1 and ,ahriman1 born of darkness1 were ever at war4 ,ormuzd produced six ,gods1 ,beneficence1 ,truth1 ,good ,order1 ,wisdom1 ,riches1 and ,virtuous ,joy4 ,these were so many emanations from the ,good ,principle1 so many blessings bestowed by it on men4 ,ahriman1 in his turn1 produced six ,devs1 opponents of the six emanations from ,ormuzd4 ,then ,ormuzd made himself three times as great as before1 ascended as far above the sun as the sun is above the earth1 and adorned the heavens with stars1 of which he made ,sirius the sentinel or advance-guard3 that he then created twenty-four other ,deities1 and placed them in an egg1 where ,ahriman also placed twenty-four others1 created by him1 who broke the egg2 and so intermingled ,good and ,evil4 ,theopompus adds that1 according to the ,magi1 for two terms of three thousand years1 each of the two ,principles is to be by turns victor and the other vanquished2 then for three thousand more for each they are to contend with each other1 each destroying reciprocally the works of the other2 after which ,ahriman is to perish1 and men1 wearing transparent bodies1 to enjoy unutterable happiness4 ,the twelve great ,deities of the ,persians1 the six ,amshaspands and six ,devs1 marshalled1 the former under the banner of ,light1 and the latter under that of ,darkness1 are the twelve ,zodiacal ,signs or ,months2 the six supreme signs1 or those of ,light1 or of ,spring and ,summer1 commencing with ,aries1 and the six inferior1 of ,darkness1 or of ,autumn and ,winter1 commencing with ,libra4 ,limited ,time1 as contradistinguished from ,time without limits1 or ,eternity1 is ,time created and measured by the celestial revolutions4 ,it is comprehended in a period divided into twelve parts1 each subdivided into a thousand parts1 which the ,persians termed years4 ,thus the circle annually traversed by the ,sun was divided into #ab1jjj parts1 or each sign into #c1jjj3 and thus1 each year1 the ,principle of ,light and ,good triumphed for #c1jjj years1 that of ,evil and ,darkness for #c1jjj1 and they mutually destroyed each other's labors for #f1jjj1 or #c1jjj for each3 so that the ,zodiac was equally divided between them4 ,and accordingly ,ocellus ,lucanus1 the ,disciple of ,pythagoras1 held that the principal cause of all sublunary effects resided in the ,zodiac1 and that from it flowed the good or bad influences of the planets that revolved therein4 ,the twenty-four good and twenty-four evil ,deities1 enclosed in the ,egg1 are the forty-eight constellations of the ancient sphere1 equally divided between the realms of ,light and ,darkness1 on the concavity of the celestial sphere which was apportioned among them2 and which1 enclosing the world and planets1 was the mystic and sacred egg of the ,magi1 the ,indians1 and the ,egyptians1--the egg that issued from the mouth of the ,god ,kneph1 that figured as the ,orphic ,egg in the ,mysteries of ,greece1 that issued from the ,god ,chumong of the ,coresians1 and from the ,egyptian ,osiris and the ,god ,phanes of the ,modern ,orphics1 ,principle of ,light1--the egg crushed by the ,sacred ,bull of the ,japanese1 and from which the world emerged2 that placed by the ,greeks at the feet of ,bacchus the bull-horned ,god1 and from which ,aristophanes makes ,love emerge1 who with ,night organizes ,chaos4 ,thus the ,balance1 the ,scorpion1 the ,serpent of ,ophiucus1 and the ,dragon of the ,hesperides became malevolent ,signs and ,evil ,genii2 and entire nature was divided between the two principles1 and between the agents or partial causes subordinate to them4 ,hence ,michael and his ,archangels1 and ,satan and his fallen compeers4 ,hence the wars of ,jupiter and the ,giants1 in which the ,gods of ,olympus fought on the side of the ,light-,god1 against the dark progeny of earth and ,chaos2 a war which ,proclus regarded as symbolizing the resistance opposed by dark and chaotic matter to the active and beneficent force which gives it organization2 an idea which in part appears in the old theory of two ,principles1 one innate in the active and luminous substance of ,heaven1 and the other in the inert and dark substance of matter that resists the order and the good that ,heaven communicates to it4 ,osiris conquers ,typhon1 and ,ormuzd1 ,ahriman1 when1 at the ,vernal ,equinox1 the creative action of ,heaven and its demiourgic energy is most strongly manifested4 ,then the principle of ,light and ,good overcomes that of ,darkness and ,evil1 and the world rejoices1 redeemed from cold and wintry darkness by the beneficent ,sign into which the ,sun then enters triumphant and rejoicing1 after his resurrection4 ,from the doctrine of the two ,principles1 ,active and ,passive1 grew that of the ,universe1 animated by a ,principle of ,eternal ,life1 and by a ,universal ,soul1 from which every isolated and temporary being received at its birth an emanation1 which1 at the death of such being1 returned to its source4 ,the life of matter as much belonged to nature as did matter itself2 and as life is manifested by movement1 the sources of life must needs seem to be placed in those luminous and eternal bodies1 and above all in the ,heaven in which they revolve1 and which whirls them along with itself in that rapid course that is swifter than all other movement4 ,and fire and heat have so great an analogy with life1 that cold1 like absence of movement1 seemed the distinctive characteristic of death4 ,accordingly1 the vital fire that blazes in the ,sun and produces the heat that vivifies everything1 was regarded as the principle of organization and life of all sublunary beings4 ,according to this doctrine1 the ,universe is not to be regarded1 in its creative and eternal action1 merely as an immense machine1 moved by powerful springs and forced into a continual movement1 which1 emanating from the circumference1 extends to the centre1 acts and re-acts in every possible direction1 and re-produces in succession all the varied forms which matter receives4 ,so to regard it would be to recognize a cold and purely mechanical action1 the energy of which could never produce life4 ,on the contrary1 it was thought1 the ,universe should be deemed an immense ,being1 always living1 always moved and always moving in an eternal activity inherent in itself1 and which1 subordinate to no foreign cause1 is communicated to all its parts1 connects them together1 and makes of the world of things a complete and perfect whole4 ,the order and harmony which reign therein seem to belong to and be a part of it1 and the design of the various plans of construction of organized beings would seem to be graven in its ,supreme ,intelligence1 source of all the other ,intelligences which it communicates together with life to man4 ,nothing existing out of it1 it must be regarded as the principle and term of all things4 ,chremon had no reason for saying that the ,ancient ,egyptians1 inventors of the sacred fables1 and adorers of the ,sun and the other luminaries1 saw in the ,universe only a machine1 without life and without intelligence1 either in its whole or in its parts2 and that their cosmogony was a pure ,epicureanism1 which required only matter and movement to organize its world and govern it4 ,such an opinion would necessarily exclude all religious worship4 ,wherever we suppose a worship1 there we must suppose intelligent ,deities who receive it1 and are sensible to the homage of their adorers2 and no other people were so religious as the ,egyptians4 ,on the contrary1 with them the immense1 immutable1 and ,eternal ,being1 termed ,god or the ,universe1 had eminently1 and in all their plenitude1 that life and intelligence which sublunary beings1 each an infinitely small and temporary portion of itself1 possess in a far inferior degree and infinitely less quantity4 ,it was to them1 in some sort1 like the ,ocean1 whence the springs1 brooks1 and rivers have risen by evaporation1 and to the bosom whereof they return by a larger or shorter course1 and after a longer or shorter separation from the immense mass of its waters4 ,the machine of the ,universe was1 in their view1 like that of man1 moved by a ,principle of ,life which kept it in eternal activity1 and circulated in all its parts4 ,the ,universe was a living and animated being1 like man and the other animals2 or rather they were so only because the ,universe was essentially so1 and for a few moments communicated to each an infinitely minute portion of its eternal life1 breathed by it into the inert and gross matter of sublunary bodies4 ,that withdrawn1 man or the animal died2 and the ,universe alone1 living and circulating around the wrecks of their bodies1 by its eternal movement1 organized and animated new bodies1 returning to them the eternal fire and subtle substance which vivifies itself1 and which1 incorporated in its immense mass1 was its universal soul4 ,these were the ancient ideas as to this ,great ,,god1 ,father of all the gods1 or of the ,world2 of this ,,being1 ,principle of all things1 and of which nothing other than itself is ,principle1--the ,universal cause that was termed ,god4 ,soul of the ,universe1 eternal like it1 immense like it1 supremely active and potent in its varied operations1 penetrating all parts of this vast body1 impressing a regular and symmetrical movement on the spheres1 making the elements instinct with activity and order1 mingling with everything1 organizing everything1 vivifying and preserving everything1--this was the ,,universe-,,god which the ancients adored as ,supreme ,cause and ,god of ,gods4 ,anchises1 in the neid1 taught neas this doctrine of ,pythagoras1 learned by him from his ,masters1 the ,egyptians1 in regard to the ,soul and ,intelligence of the ,universe1 from which our souls and intelligences1 as well as our life and that of the animals1 emanate1 ,heaven1 ,earth1 the ,sea1 the ,moon and the ,stars1 he said1 are moved by a principle of internal life which perpetuates their existence2 a great intelligent soul1 that penetrates every part of the vast body of the ,universe1 and1 mingling with everything1 agitates it by an eternal movement4 ,it is the source of life in all living things4 ,the force which animates all1 emanates from the eternal fire that burns in ,heaven4 ,in the ,georgics1 ,virgil repeats the same doctrine2 and that1 at the death of every animal1 the life that animated it1 part of the universal life1 returns to its ,principle and to the source of life that circulates in the sphere of the ,stars4 ,servius makes ,god the active ,cause that organizes the elements into bodies1 the vivifying breath or spirit1 that1 spreading through matter or the elements1 produces and engenders all things4 ,the elements compose the substance of our bodies3 ,god composes the souls that vivify these bodies4 ,from it come the instincts of animals1 from it their life1 he says3 and when they die1 that life returns to and re-enters into the ,universal ,soul1 and their bodies into ,universal ,matter4 ,timus of ,locria and ,plato his ,commentator wrote of the ,soul of the ,world1 developing the doctrine of ,pythagoras1 who thought1 says ,cicero1 that ,god is the ,universal ,soul1 resident everywhere in nature1 and of which our ,souls are but emanations4 ,god is one1 says ,pythagoras1 as cited by ,justin ,martyr3 ,he is not1 as some think1 without the world1 but within it1 and entire in its entirety4 ,he sees all that becomes1 forms all immortal beings1 is the author of their powers and performances1 the origin of all things1 the ,light of ,heaven1 the ,father1 the ,intelligence1 the ,soul of all beings1 the ,mover of all spheres4 ,god1 in the view of ,pythagoras1 was ,,one1 a single substance1 whose continuous parts extended through all the ,universe1 without separation1 difference1 or inequality1 like the soul in the human body4 ,he denied the doctrine of the spiritualists1 who had severed the ,divinity from the ,universe1 making ,him exist apart from the ,universe1 which thus became no more than a material work1 on which acted the ,abstract ,cause1 a ,god1 isolated from it4 ,the ,ancient ,theology did not so separate ,god from the ,universe4 ,this ,eusebius attests1 in saying that but a small number of wise men1 like ,moses1 had sought for ,god or the ,cause of all1 outside of that ,,all2 while the ,philosophers of ,egypt and ,phnicia1 real authors of all the old ,cosmogonies1 had placed the ,supreme ,cause in the ,universe itself1 and in its parts1 so that1 in their view1 the world and all its parts are in ,god4 ,the ,world or ,universe was thus compared to man3 the ,principle of ,life that moves it1 to that which moves man2 the ,soul of the ,world to that of man4 ,therefore ,pythagoras called man a microcosm1 or little world1 as possessing in miniature all the qualities found on a great scale in the ,universe2 by his reason and intelligence partaking of the ,divine ,nature3 and by his faculty of changing aliments into other substances1 of growing1 and reproducing himself1 partaking of elementary ,nature4 ,thus he made the ,universe a great intelligent ,being1 like man--an immense ,deity1 having in itself1 what man has in himself1 movement1 life1 and intelligence1 and besides1 a perpetuity of existence1 which man has not2 and1 as having in itself perpetuity of movement and life1 therefore the ,supreme ,cause of all4 ,everywhere extended1 this ,universal ,soul does not1 in the view of ,pythagoras1 act everywhere equally nor in the same manner4 ,the highest portion of the ,universe1 being as it were its head1 seemed to him its principal seat1 and there was the guiding power of the rest of the world4 ,in the seven concentric spheres is resident an eternal order1 fruit of the intelligence1 the ,universal ,soul that moves1 by a constant and regular progression1 the immortal bodies that form the harmonious system of the heavens4 ,manilius says3 ,i sing the invisible and potent ,soul of ,nature2 that ,divine ,substance which1 everywhere inherent in ,heaven1 ,earth1 and the ,waters of the ,ocean1 forms the bond that holds together and makes one all the parts of the vast body of the ,universe4 ,it1 balancing all ,forces1 and harmoniously arranging the varied relations of the many members of the world1 maintains in it the life and regular movement that agitate it1 as a result of the action of the living breath or single spirit that dwells in all its parts1 circulates in all the channels of universal nature1 flashes with rapidity to all its points1 and gives to animated bodies the configurations appropriate to the organization of each4444 ,this eternal ,law1 this ,divine ,force1 that maintains the harmony of the world1 makes use of the ,celestial ,signs to organize and guide the animated creatures that breathe upon the earth2 and gives to each of them the character and habits most appropriate4 ,by the action of this ,force ,heaven rules the condition of the ,earth and of its fields cultivated by the husbandman3 it gives us or takes from us vegetation and harvests3 it makes the great ocean overpass its limits at the flow1 and retire within them again at the ebbing1 of the tide4 ,thus it is no longer by means of a poetic fiction only that the heavens and the earth become animated and personified1 and are deemed living existences1 from which other existences proceed4 ,for now they live1 with their own life1 a life eternal like their bodies1 each gifted with a life and perhaps a soul1 like those of man1 a portion of the universal life and universal soul2 and the other bodies that they form1 and which they contain in their bosoms1 live only through them and with their life1 as the embryo lives in the bosom of its mother1 in consequence and by means of the life communicated to it1 and which the mother ever maintains by the active power of her own life4 ,such is the universal life of the world1 reproduced in all the beings which its superior portion creates in its inferior portion1 that is as it were the matrix of the world1 or of the beings that the heavens engender in its bosom4 ,the soul of the world1 says ,macrobius1 is nature itself as the soul of man is man himself1 always acting through the celestial spheres which it moves1 and which but follow the irresistible impulse it impresses on them4 ,the heavens1 the sun1 great seat of generative power1 the signs1 the stars1 and the planets act only with the activity of the soul of the ,universe4 ,from that soul1 through them1 come all the variations and changes of sublunary nature1 of which the heavens and celestial bodies are but the secondary causes4 ,the zodiac1 with its signs1 is an existence1 immortal and divine1 organized by the universal soul1 and producing1 or gathering in itself1 all the varied emanations of the different powers that make up the nature of the ,divinity4 ,this doctrine1 that gave to the heavens and the spheres living souls1 each a portion of the universal soul1 was of extreme antiquity4 ,it was held by the old ,sabrns4 ,it was taught by ,timsus1 ,plato1 ,speusippus1 ,iamblichus1 ,macrobius1 ,marcus ,aurelius1 and ,pythagoras4 ,when once men had assigned a soul to the ,universe1 containing in itself the plenitude of the animal life of particular beings1 and even of the stars1 they soon supposed that soul to be essentially intelligent1 and the source of intelligence of all intelligent beings4 ,then the ,universe became to them not only animated but intelligent1 and of that intelligence the different parts of nature partook4 ,each soul was the vehicle1 and1 as it were1 the envelope of the intelligence that attached itself to it1 and could repose nowhere else4 ,without a soul there could be no intelligence2 and as there was a universal soul1 source of all souls1 the universal soul was gifted with a universal intelligence1 source of all particular intelligences4 ,so the soul of the world contained in itself the intelligence of the world4 ,all the agents of nature into which the universal soul entered1 received also a portion of its intelligence1 and the ,universe1 in its totality and in its parts1 was filled with intelligences1 that might be regarded as so many emanations from the sovereign and universal intelligence4 ,wherever the divine soul acted as a cause1 there also was intelligence2 and thus ,heaven1 the stars1 the elements1 and all parts of the ,universe1 became the seats of so many divine intelligences4 ,every minutest portion of the great soul became a partial intelligence1 and the more it was disengaged from gross matter1 the more active and intelligent it was4 ,and all the old adorers of nature1 the theologians1 astrologers1 and poets1 and the most distinguished philosophers1 supposed that the stars were so many animated and intelligent beings1 or eternal bodies1 active causes of effects here below1 whom a principle of life animated1 and whom an intelligence directed1 which was but an emanation from1 and a portion of1 the universal life and intelligence of the world4 ,the ,universe itself was regarded as a supremely intelligent being4 ,such was the doctrine of ,timus of ,locria4 ,the soul of man was part of the intelligent soul of the ,universe1 and therefore itself intelligent4 ,his opinion was that of many other philosophers4 ,cleanthes1 a disciple of ,,zeno1 regarded the ,universe as ,god1 or as the unproduced and universal cause of all effects produced4 ,he ascribed a soul and intelligence to universal nature1 and to this intelligent soul1 in his view1 divinity belonged4 ,from it the intelligence of man was an emanation1 and shared its divinity4 ,chrysippus1 the most subtle of the ,stoics1 placed in the universal reason that forms the soul and intelligence of nature1 that divine force or essence of the ,divinity which he assigned to the world moved by the universal soul that pervades its every part4 ,an interlocutor in ,cicero's work1 ,de ,natura ,deorum1 formally argues that the ,universe is necessarily intelligent and wise1 because man1 an infinitely small portion of it1 is so4 ,cicero makes the same argument in his oration for ,milo4 ,the physicists came to the same conclusion as the philosophers4 ,they supposed that movement essentially belonged to the soul1 and the direction of regular and ordered movements to the intelligence4 ,and1 as both movement and order exist in the ,universe1 therefore1 they held1 there must be in it a soul and an intelligence that rule it1 and are not to be distinguished from itself2 because the idea of the ,universe is but the aggregate of all the particular ideas of all things that exist4 ,the argument was1 that the ,heavens1 and the ,stars which make part of them1 are animated1 because they possess a portion of the ,universal ,soul3 they are intelligent beings1 because that ,universal ,soul1 part whereof they possess1 is supremely intelligent2 and they share ,divinity with ,universal ,nature1 because ,divinity resides in the ,universal ,soul and ,intelligence which move and rule the world1 and of each of which they hold a share4 ,by this process of logic1 the interlocutor in ,cicero assigned ,divinity to the ,stars1 as animated beings gifted with sensibility and intelligence1 and composed of the noblest and purest portions of the ethereal substance1 unmixed with matter of an alien nature1 and essentially containing light and heat4 ,hence he concluded them to be so many gods1 of an intelligence superior to that of other existences1 corresponding to the lofty height in which they moved with such perfect regularity and admirable harmony1 with a movement spontaneous and free4 ,hence he made them ,gods1 active1 eternal1 and intelligent ,causes2 and peopled the realm of ,heaven with a host of ,eternal ,intelligences1 celestial ,genii or ,angels1 sharing the universal ,divinity1 and associated with it in the administration of the ,universe1 and the dominion exercised over sublunary nature and man4 ,we make the motive-force of the planets to be a mechanical law1 which we explain by the combination of two forces1 the centripetal and centrifugal1 whose origin we cannot demonstrate1 but whose force we can calculate4 ,the ancients regarded them as moved by an intelligent force that had its origin in the first and universal ,intelligence4 ,is it so certain1 after all1 that we are any nearer the truth than they were2 or that we know what our centripetal and centrifugal forces mean2 for what is a force8 ,with us1 the entire ,deity acts upon and moves each planet1 as ,he does the sap that circulates in the little blade of grass1 and in the particles of blood in the tiny veins of the invisible rotifer4 ,with the ,ancients1 the ,deity of each ,star was but a portion of the ,universal ,god1 the ,soul of ,nature4 ,each ,star and ,planet1 with them1 was moved of itself1 and directed by its own special intelligence4 ,and this opinion of ,achilles ,tatius1 ,diodorus1 ,chrysippus1 ,aristotle1 ,plato1 ,heraclides of ,pontus1 ,theophrastus1 ,simplicius1 ,macrobius1 and ,proclus1 that in each ,star there is an immortal ,soul and ,intelligence1--part of the ,universal ,soul and ,intelligence of the ,whole1--this opinion of ,orpheus1 ,plotinus1 and the ,stoics1 was in reality1 that of many ,christian philosophers4 ,for ,origen held the same opinion2 and ,augustin held that every visible thing in the world was superintended by an ,angelic ,power3 and ,cosma the ,monk1 believed that every ,star was under the guidance of an ,angel2 and the author of the ,octateuch1 written in the time of the ,emperor ,justin1 says that they are moved by the impulse communicated to them by ,angels stationed above the firmament4 ,whether the stars were animated beings1 was a question that ,christian antiquity did not decide4 ,many of the ,christian doctors believed they were4 ,saint ,augustin hesitates1 ,saint ,jerome doubts1 if ,solomon did not assign souls to the ,stars4 ,saint ,ambrose does not doubt they have souls2 and ,pamphilus says that many of the ,church believe they are reasonable beings1 while many think otherwise1 but that neither one nor the other opinion is heretical4 ,thus the ,ancient ,thought1 earnest and sincere1 wrought out the idea of a ,soul inherent in the ,universe and in its several parts4 ,the next step was to separate that ,soul from the ,universe1 and give to it an external and independent existence and personality2 still omnipresent1 in every inch of space and in every particle of matter1 and yet not a part of ,nature1 but its ,cause and its ,creator4 ,this is the middle ground between the two doctrines1 of ,pantheism 7or that all is ,god1 and ,god is in all and is all71 on the one side1 and ,atheism 7or that all is nature1 and there is no other ,god71 on the other2 which doctrines1 after all1 when reduced to their simplest terms1 seem to be the same4 ,we complacently congratulate ourselves on our recognition of a personal ,god1 as being the conception most suited to human sympathies1 and exempt from the mystifications of ,pantheism4 ,but the ,divinity remains still a mystery1 notwithstanding all the devices which symbolism1 either from the organic or inorganic creation1 can supply2 and personification is itself a symbol1 liable to misapprehension as much as1 if not more so than1 any other1 since it is apt to degenerate into a mere reflection of our own infirmities2 and hence any affirmative idea or conception that we can1 in our own minds1 picture of the ,deity1 must needs be infinitely inadequate4 ,the spirit of the ,vedas 7or sacred ,indian ,books1 of great antiquity71 as understood by their earliest as well as most recent expositors1 is decidedly a pantheistic monotheism--one ,god1 and ,he all in all2 the many divinities1 numerous as the prayers addressed to them1 being resolvable into the titles and attributes of a few1 and ultimately into ,,the ,,one4 ,the machinery of personification was understood to have been unconsciously assumed as a mere expedient to supply the deficiencies of language2 and the ,mimansa justly considered itself as only interpreting the true meaning of the ,mantras1 when it proclaimed that1 in the beginning1 ,nothing was but ,mind1 the ,creative ,thought of ,him which existed alone from the beginning1 and breathed without afflation4 ,the idea suggested in the ,mantras is dogmatically asserted and developed in the ,upanischadas4 ,the ,vedanta philosophy1 assuming the mystery of the ,,one ,,in ,,many as the fundamental article of faith1 maintained not only the ,divine ,unity1 but the identity of matter and spirit4 ,the unity which it advocates is that of mind4 ,mind is the ,universal ,element1 the ,one ,god1 the ,great ,soul1 ,mahaatma4 ,he is the material as well as efficient cause1 and the world is a texture of which he is both the web and the weaver4 ,he is the ,macrocosmos1 the universal organism called ,pooroosha1 of which ,fire1 ,air1 and ,sun are only the chief members4 ,his head is light1 his eyes the sun and moon1 his breath the wind1 his voice the opened ,vedas4 ,all proceeds from ,brahm1 like the web from the spider and the grass from the earth4 ,yet it is only the impossibility of expressing in language the origination of matter from spirit1 which gives to ,hind philosophy the appearance of materialism4 ,formless ,himself1 the ,deity is present in all forms4 ,his glory is displayed in the ,universe as the image of the sun in water1 which is1 yet is not1 the luminary itself4 ,all maternal agency and appearance1 the subjective world1 are to a great extent phantasms1 the notional representations of ignorance4 ,they occupy1 however1 a middle ground between reality and non-reality2 they are unreal1 because nothing exists but ,brahm2 yet in some degree real1 inasmuch as they constitute an outward manifestation of him4 ,they are a self-induced hypostasis of the ,deity1 under which ,he presents to ,himself the whole of animate and inanimate ,nature1 the actuality of the moment1 the diversified appearances which successively invest the one ,pantheistic ,spirit4 ,the great aim of reason is to generalize2 to discover unity in multiplicity1 order in apparent confusion2 to separate from the accidental and the transitory1 the stable and universal4 ,in the contemplation of ,nature1 and the vague1 but almost intuitive perception of a general uniformity of plan among endless varieties of operation and form1 arise those solemn and reverential feelings1 which1 if accompanied by intellectual activity1 may eventually ripen into philosophy4 ,consciousness of self and of personal identity is co-existent with our existence4 ,we cannot conceive of mental existence without it4 ,it is not the work of reflection nor of logic1 nor the result of observation1 experiment1 and experience4 ,it is a gift from ,god1 like instinct2 and that consciousness of a thinking soul which is really the person that we are1 and other than our body1 is the best and most solid proof of the soul's existence4 ,we have the same consciousness of a ,power on which we are dependent2 which we can define and form an idea or picture of1 as little as we can of the soul1 and yet which we feel1 and therefore know1 exists4 ,true and correct ideas of that ,power1 of the ,absolute ,existence from which all proceeds1 we cannot trace2 if by true and correct we mean adequate ideas2 for of such we are not1 with our limited faculties1 capable4 ,and ideas of ,his nature1 so far correct as we are capable of entertaining1 can only be attained either by direct inspiration or by the investigations of philosophy4 ,the idea of the universal preceded the recognition of any system for its explanation4 ,it was felt rather than understood2 and it was long before the grand conception on which all philosophy rests received through deliberate investigation that analytical development which might properly entitle it to the name4 ,the sentiment1 when first observed by the self-conscious mind1 was1 says ,plato1 a ,divine gift1 communicated to mankind by some ,prometheus1 or by those ancients who lived nearer to the gods than our degenerate selves4 ,the mind deduced from its first experiences the notion of a general ,cause or ,antecedent1 to which it shortly gave a name and personified it4 ,this was the statement of a theorem1 obscure in proportion to its generality4 ,it explained all things but itself4 ,it was a true cause1 but an incomprehensible one4 ,ages had to pass before the nature of the theorem could be rightly appreciated1 and before men1 acknowledging the ,first ,cause to be an object of faith rather than science1 were contented to confine their researches to those nearer relations of existence and succession1 which are really within the reach of their faculties4 ,at first1 and for a long time1 the intellect deserted the real for a hastily-formed ideal world1 and the imagination usurped the place of reason1 in attempting to put a construction on the most general and inadequate of conceptions1 by transmuting its symbols into realities1 and by substantializing it under a thousand arbitrary forms4 ,in poetry1 the idea of ,divine unity became1 as in ,nature1 obscured by a multifarious symbolism2 and the notionalities of transcendental philosophy reposed on views of nature scarcely more profound than those of the earliest symbolists4 ,yet the idea of unity was rather obscured than extinguished2 and ,xenophanes appeared as an enemy of ,homer1 only because he more emphatically insisted on the monotheistic element1 which1 in poetry1 has been comparatively overlooked4 ,the first philosophy reasserted the unity which poetry had lost2 but being unequal to investigate its nature1 it again resigned it to the world of approximate sensations1 and became bewildered in materialism1 considering the conceptional whole or ,first ,element as some refinement of matter1 unchangeable in its essence1 though subject to mutations of quality and form in an eternal succession of seeming decay and regeneration2 comparing it to water1 air1 or fire1 as each endeavored to refine on the doctrine of his predecessor1 or was influenced by a different class of theological traditions4 ,in the philosophical systems1 the ,divine ,activity1 divided by the poets and by popular belief among a race of personifications1 in whom the idea of descent replaced that of cause1 or of pantheistic evolution1 was restored1 without subdivision or reservation1 to nature as a whole2 at first as a mechanical force or life2 afterward as an all-pervading soul or inherent thought2 and lastly as an external directing ,intelligence4 ,the ,ionian revival of pantheism was materialistic4 ,the ,moving ,force was inseparable from a material element1 a subtle yet visible ingredient4 ,under the form of air or fire1 the principle of life was associated with the most obvious material machinery of nature4 ,everything1 it was said1 is alive and full of gods4 ,the wonders of the volcano1 the magnet1 the ebb and flow of the tide1 were vital indications1 the breathing or moving of the ,great ,world-,animal4 ,the imperceptible ether of ,anaximenes had no positive quality beyond the atmospheric air with which it was easily confused3 and even the ,infinite of ,anaximander1 though free of the conditions of quality or quantity1 was only an ideal chaos1 relieved of its coarseness by negations4 ,it was the illimitable storehouse or ,pleroma1 out of which is evolved the endless circle of phenomenal change4 ,a moving ,force was recognized in1 but not clearly distinguished from1 the material4 ,space1 ,time1 ,figure1 and ,number1 and other common forms or properties1 which exist only as attributes1 were treated as substances1 or at least as making a substantial connection between the objects to which they belong3 and all the conditions of material existence were supposed to have been evolved out of the ,pythagorean ,monad4 ,the ,eleatic philosophers treated conceptions not only as entities1 but as the only entities1 alone possessing the stability and certainty and reality vainly sought among phenomena4 ,the only reality was ,thought4 ,all real existence1 they said1 is mental existence2 non-existence1 being inconceivable1 is therefore impossible2 existence fills up the whole range of thought1 and is inseparable from its exercise2 thought and its object are one4 ,xenophanes used ambiguous language1 applicable to the material as well as to the mental1 and exclusively appropriate to neither4 ,in other words1 he availed himself of material imagery to illustrate an indefinite meaning4 ,in announcing the universal being1 he appealed to the heavens as the visible manifestation1 calling it spherical2 a term borrowed from the material world4 ,he said that ,god was neither moved nor unmoved1 limited nor unlimited4 ,he did not even attempt to express clearly1 what cannot be conceived clearly2 admitting1 says ,simplicius1 that such speculations were above physics4 ,parmenides employed similar expedients1 comparing his metaphysical ,deity to a sphere1 or to heat1 an aggregate or a continuity1 and so involuntarily withdrawing its nominal attributes4 ,the ,atomic school1 dividing the ,all into ,matter and ,force1 deemed matter unchangeable in its ultimate constitution1 though infinitely variable in its resultant forms4 ,they made all variety proceed from the varied combinations of atoms2 but they required no mover nor director of the atoms external to themselves2 no universal ,reason2 but a ,mechanical ,eternal ,necessity1 like that of the ,poets4 ,still it is doubtful whether there ever was a time when reason could be said to be entirely asleep1 a stranger to its own existence1 notwithstanding this apparent materialism4 ,the earliest contemplation of the external world1 which brings it into an imagined association with ourselves1 assigns1 either to its whole or its parts1 the sensation and volition which belong to our own souls4 ,anaxagoras admitted the existence of ultimate elementary particles1 as ,empedocles did1 from the combinations whereof all material phenomena resulted4 ,but he asserted the ,moving ,force to be ,mind2 and yet1 though he clearly saw the impossibility of advancing by illustration or definition beyond a reasonable faith1 or a simple negation of materiality1 yet he could not wholly desist from the endeavor to illustrate the nature of this non-matter or mind1 by symbols drawn from those physical considerations which decided him in placing it in a separate category4 ,whether as human reason1 or as the regulating ,principle in nature1 he held it different from all other things in character and effect1 and that therefore it must necessarily differ in its essential constitution4 ,it was neither ,matter1 nor a ,force conjoined with matter1 or homogeneous with it1 but independent and generically distinct1 especially in this1 that1 being the source of all motion1 separation1 and cognition1 it is something entirely unique1 pure1 and unmixed2 and so1 being unhindered by any interfering influence limiting its independence of individual action1 it has ,supreme ,empire over all things1 over the vortex of worlds as well as over all that live in them4 ,it is most penetrating and powerful1 mixing with other things1 though no other thing mixes with it2 exercises universal control and cognition1 and includes the ,necessity of the ,poets1 as well as the independent power of thought which we exercise within ourselves4 ,in short1 it is the self-conscious power of thought extended to the ,universe1 and exalted into the ,supreme ,external ,mind which sees1 knows1 and directs all things4 ,thus ,pantheism and ,materialism were both avoided2 and matter1 though as infinitely varied as the senses represent it1 was held in a bond of unity transferred to a ruling power apart from it4 ,that ,power could not be ,prime ,mover1 if it were itself moved2 nor ,all-,governing1 if not apart from the things it governs4 ,if the arranging ,principle were inherent in matter1 it would have been impossible to account for the existence of a chaos3 if something external1 then the old ,ionian doctrine of a beginning became more easily conceivable1 as being the epoch at which the ,arranging ,intelligence commenced its operations4 ,but this grand idea of an all-governing independent mind involved difficulties which proved insuperable2 because it gave to matter1 in the form of chaos1 an independent and eternal self-existence1 and so introduced a dualism of mind and matter4 ,in the ,mind or ,intelligence1 ,anaxagoras included not only life and motion1 but the moral principles of the noble and good2 and probably used the term on account of the popular misapplication of the word ,god1 and as being less liable to misconstruction1 and more specifically marking his idea4 ,his ,intelligence principle remained practically liable to many of the same defects as the ,necessity of the poets4 ,it was the presentiment of a great idea1 which it was for the time impossible to explain or follow out4 ,it was not yet intelligible1 nor was even the road opened through which it might be approached4 ,mind cannot advance in metaphysics beyond self-deification4 ,in attempting to go further1 it only enacts the apotheosis of its own subtle conceptions1 and so sinks below the simpler ground already taken4 ,the realities which ,plato could not recognize in phenomena1 he discovered within his own mind1 and as unhesitatingly as the old ,theosophists installed its creations among the gods4 ,he1 like most philosophers after ,anaxagoras1 made the ,supreme ,being to be ,intelligence2 but in other respects left ,his nature undefined1 or rather indefinite through the variety of definitions1 a conception vaguely floating between ,theism and ,pantheism4 ,though deprecating the demoralizing tendencies of poetry1 he was too wise to attempt to replace them by other representations of a positive kind4 ,he justly says1 that spiritual things can be made intelligible only through figures2 and the forms of allegorical expression which1 in a rude age1 had been adopted unconsciously1 were designedly chosen by the philosopher as the most appropriate vehicles for theological ideas4 ,as the devices of symbolism were gradually stripped away1 in order1 if possible1 to reach the fundamental conception1 the religious feeling habitually connected with it seemed to evaporate under the process4 ,and yet the advocates of ,monotheism1 ,xenophanes and ,heraclitus1 declaimed only against the making of gods in human form4 ,they did not attempt to strip nature of its divinity1 but rather to recall religious contemplation from an exploded symbolism to a purer one4 ,they continued the veneration which1 in the background of poetry1 has been maintained for ,sun and ,stars1 the ,fire or ,ether4 ,socrates prostrated himself before the rising luminary2 and the eternal spheres1 which seem to have shared the religious homage of ,xenophanes1 retained a secondary and qualified ,divinity in the ,schools of the ,peripatetics and ,stoics4 ,the unseen being or beings revealed only to the ,intellect became the theme of philosophy2 and their more ancient symbols1 if not openly discredited1 were passed over with evasive generality1 as beings respecting whose problematical existence we must be content with what has been reported by those ancients1 who1 assuming to be their descendants1 must therefore be supposed to have been well acquainted with their own ancestors and family connections4 ,and the ,theism of ,anaxagoras was still more decidedly subversive1 not only of ,mythology1 but of the whole religion of outward nature2 it being an appeal from the world without1 to the consciousness of spiritual dignity within man4 ,in the doctrines of ,aristotle1 the world moves on uninterruptedly1 always changing1 yet ever the same1 like ,time1 the ,eternal ,now1 knowing neither repose nor death4 ,there is a principle which makes good the failure of identity1 by multiplying resemblances2 the destruction of the individual by an eternal renewal of the form in which matter is manifested4 ,this regular eternal movement implies an ,eternal ,mover2 not an inert ,eternity1 such as the ,platonic ,eidos1 but one always acting1 ,his essence being to act1 for otherwise he might never have acted1 and the existence of the world would be an accident2 for what should have1 in that case1 decided ,him to act1 after long inactivity8 ,nor can ,he be partly in act and partly potential1 that is1 quiescent and undetermined to act or not to act1 for even in that case motion would not be eternal1 but contingent and precarious4 ,he is therefore wholly in act1 a pure1 untiring activity1 and for the same reasons wholly immaterial4 ,thus ,aristotle avoided the idea that ,god was inactive and self-contemplative for an eternity1 and then for some unknown reason1 or by some unknown motive1 commenced to act outwardly and produce2 but he incurred the opposite hazard1 of making the result of ,his action1 matter and the ,universe1 be co-existent with ,himself2 or1 in other words1 of denying that there was any time when ,his outward action commenced4 ,the ,first ,cause1 he said1 unmoved1 moves all4 ,act was first1 and the ,universe has existed forever2 one persistent cause directing its continuity4 ,the unity of the ,first ,mover follows from ,his immateriality4 ,if ,he were not ,himself unmoved1 the series of motions and causes of motion would be infinite4 ,unmoved1 therefore1 and unchangeable ,himself1 all movement1 even that in space1 is caused by ,him3 ,he is necessary3 ,he cannot be otherwise than as ,he is2 and it is only through the necessity of ,his being that we can account for those necessary eternal relations which make a science of ,being possible4 ,thus ,aristotle leaned to a seemingly personal ,god2 not a ,being of parts and passions1 like the ,god of the ,hebrews1 or that of the mass even of educated men in our own day1 but a ,substantial ,head of all the categories of being1 an ,individuality of ,intelligence1 the dogma of ,anaxagoras revived out of a more elaborate and profound analysis of ,nature2 something like that living unambiguous ,principle which the old poets1 in advance of the materialistic cosmogonists from ,night and ,chaos1 had discovered in ,ouranos or ,zeus4 ,soon1 however1 the vision of personality is withdrawn1 and we reach that culminating point of thought where the real blends with the ideal2 where moral action and objective thought 7that is1 thought exercised as to anything outside of itself71 as well as the material body1 are excluded2 and where the divine action in the world retains its veil of impenetrable mystery1 and to the utmost ingenuity of research presents but a contradiction4 ,at this extreme1 the series of efficient causes resolves itself into the ,final ,cause4 ,that which moves1 itself unmoved1 can only be the immobility of ,thought or ,form4 ,god is both formal1 efficient1 and final cause2 the ,one ,form comprising all forms1 the one good including all good1 the goal of the longing of the ,university1 moving the world as the object of love or rational desire moves the individual4 ,he is the internal or self-realized ,final ,cause1 having no end beyond ,himself4 ,he is no moral agent2 for if ,he were1 ,he would be but an instrument for producing something still higher and greater4 ,one sort of act only1 activity of mind or thought1 can be assigned to ,him who is at once all act yet all repose4 ,what we call our highest pleasure1 which distinguishes wakefulness and sensation1 and which gives a reflected charm to hope and memory1 is with ,him perpetual4 ,his existence is unbroken enjoyment of that which is most excellent but only temporary with us4 ,the divine quality of active and yet tranquil self-contemplation characterizing intelligence1 is pre-eminently possessed by the divine mind2 ,his thought1 which is ,his existence1 being1 unlike ours1 unconditional and wholly act4 ,if ,he can receive any gratification or enjoyment from that which exists beyond ,himself1 ,he can also be displeased and pained with it1 and then ,he would be an imperfect being4 ,to suppose pleasure experienced by ,him from anything outward1 supposes an insufficient prior enjoyment and happiness1 and a sort of dependency4 ,man's ,good is beyond himself2 not so ,god's4 ,the eternal act which produces the world's life is the eternal desire of good4 ,the object of the ,absolute ,thought is the ,absolute ,good4 ,nature is all movement1 and ,thought all repose4 ,in contemplating that absolute good1 the ,finality can contemplate only itself2 and thus1 all material interference being excluded1 the distinction of subject and object vanishes in complete identification1 and the ,divine ,thought is the thinking of thought4 ,the energy of mind is life1 and ,god is that energy in its purity and perfection4 ,he is therefore life itself1 eternal and perfect2 and this sums up all that is meant by the term ,god4 ,and yet1 after all this transcendentalism1 the very essence of thought consists in its mobility and power of transference from object to object2 and we can conceive of no thought1 without an object beyond itself1 about which to think1 or of any activity in mere self-contemplation1 without outward act1 movement1 or manifestation4 ,plato endeavors to show how the ,divine ,principle of ,good becomes realized in ,nature3 ,aristotle's system is a vast analogical induction to prove how all ,nature tends toward a final good4 ,plato considered ,soul as a principle of movement1 and made his ,deity realize1 that is1 turn into realities1 his ideas as a free1 intelligent ,force4 ,aristotle1 for whom ,soul is the motionless centre from which motion radiates1 and to which it converges1 conceives a correspondingly unmoved ,god4 ,the ,deity of ,plato creates1 superintends1 and rejoices in the universal joy of1 ,his creatures4 ,that of ,aristotle is the perfection of man's intellectual activity extended to the ,universe4 ,when he makes the ,deity to be an eternal act of self-contemplation1 the world is not excluded from ,his cognizance1 for ,he contemplates it within ,himself4 ,apart from and beyond the world1 ,he yet mysteriously intermingles with it4 ,he is universal as well as individual2 ,his agency is necessary and general1 yet also makes the real and the good of the particular4 ,when ,plato had given to the unformed world the animal life of the ,ionians1 and added to that the ,anaxagorean ,intelligence1 overruling the wild principle of ,necessity2 and when to ,intelligence was added ,beneficence2 and the dread ,wardours1 ,force and ,strength1 were made subordinate to ,mildness and ,goodness1 it seemed as if a further advance were impossible1 and that the ,deity could not be more than ,the ,wise and ,the ,good4 ,but the contemplation of the ,good implies that of its opposite1 ,evil4 ,when ,god is held to be ,the ,good1 it is not because ,evil is unknown1 but because it is designedly excluded from ,his attributes4 ,but if ,evil be a separate and independent existence1 how would it fare with ,his prerogative of ,unity and ,supremacy8 ,to meet this dilemma1 it remained only to fall back on something more or less akin to the vagueness of antiquity2 to make a virtual confession of ignorance1 to deny the ultimate reality of evil1 like ,plato and ,aristotle1 or1 with ,speusippus1 the eternity of its antithetical existence1 to surmise that it is only one of those notions which are indeed provisionally indispensable in a condition of finite knowledge1 but of which so many have been already discredited by the advance of philosophy2 to revert1 in short1 to the original conception of ,the ,absolute1 or of a single ,being1 in whom all mysteries are explained1 and before whom the disturbing principle is reduced to a mere turbid spot on the ocean of ,eternity1 which to the eye of faith may be said no longer to exist4 ,but the absolute is nearly allied to the non-existent4 ,matter and evil obtruded themselves too constantly and convincingly to be confuted or cancelled by subtleties of ,logic4 ,it is in vain to attempt to merge the world in ,god1 while the world of experience exhibits contrariety1 imperfection1 and mutability1 instead of the immutability of its source4 ,philosophy was but another name for uncertainty2 and after the mind had successively deified ,nature and its own conceptions1 without any practical result but toilsome occupation2 when the reality it sought1 without or within1 seemed ever to elude its grasp1 the intellect1 baffled in its higher flights1 sought advantage and repose in aiming at truth of a lower but more applicable kind4 ,the ,deity of ,plato is a ,being proportioned to human sympathies2 the ,father of the ,world1 as well as its ,creator2 the author of good only1 not of evil4 ,envy1 he says1 is far removed from celestial beings1 and man1 if willing1 and braced for the effort1 is permitted to aspire to a communion with the solemn troops and sweet societies of ,heaven4 ,god is the ,idea or ,essence of ,goodness1 the ,good itself 3 in goodness1 ,he created the ,world1 and gave to it the greatest perfection of which it was susceptible2 making it1 as far as possible1 an image of ,himself4 ,the sublime type of all excellence is an object not only of veneration but love4 ,the ,sages of old had already intimated in enigmas that ,god is the ,author of ,good2 that like the ,sun in ,heaven1 or sculapius on earth1 ,he is ,healer1 ,saviour1 and ,redeemer1 the destroyer and averter of ,evil1 ever healing the mischiefs inflicted by ,her1 the wanton or irrational power of nature4 ,plato only asserts with more distinctness the dogma of antiquity when he recognizes ,,love as the highest and most beneficent of gods1 who gives to nature the invigorating energy restored by the art of medicine to the body2 since ,love is emphatically the physician of the ,universe1 the sculapius to whom ,socrates wished to sacrifice in the hour of his death4 ,a figurative idea1 adopted from familiar imagery1 gave that endearing aspect to the divine connection with the ,universe which had commanded the earliest assent of the sentiments1 until1 rising in refinement with the progress of mental cultivation1 it ultimately established itself as firmly in the deliberate approbation of the understanding1 as it had ever responded to the sympathies4 ,even the rude ,scythians1 ,bithynians1 and ,scandinavians1 called ,god their ,father2 all nations traced their ancestry more or less directly to ,heaven4 ,the ,hyperborean ,olen1 one of the oldest symbols of the religious antiquity of ,greece1 made ,love the ,first-born of ,nature4 ,who will venture to pronounce at what time ,god was first worthily and truly honored1 or when man first began to feel aright the mute eloquence of nature8 ,in the obscure physics of the mystical ,theologers who preceded ,greek philosophy1 ,love was the ,great ,first ,cause and ,parent of the ,universe4 ,zeus1 says ,proclus1 when entering upon the work of creation1 changed ,himself into the form of ,love3 and ,he brought forward ,aphrodite1 the principle of ,unity and ,universal ,harmony1 to display her light to all4 ,in the depths of ,his mysterious being1 ,he contains the principle of love within ,himself2 in ,him creative wisdom and blessed love are united4 ,from the first ,of ,days on these his love divine be fixed1 ,his admiration2 till in time complete ,what he admired and loved1 his vital smile ,unfolded into being4 ,the speculators of the venerable ,east1 who had conceived the idea of an ,eternal ,being superior to all affection and change1 in his own sufficiency enjoying a plenitude of serene and independent bliss1 were led to inquire into the apparently inconsistent fact of the creation of the world4 ,why1 they asked1 did ,he1 who required nothing external to ,himself to complete ,his already-existing ,perfection1 come forth out of ,his unrevealed and perfect existence1 and become incorporated in the vicissitudes of nature8 ,the solution of the difficulty was ,love4 ,the ,great ,being beheld the beauty of ,his own conception1 which dwelt with ,him alone from the beginning1 ,maia1 or ,nature's loveliness1 at once the germ of passion and the source of worlds4 ,love became the universal parent1 when the ,deity1 before remote and inscrutable1 became ideally separated into the loving and the beloved4 ,and here again recurs the ancient difficulty2 that1 at whatever early period this creation occurred1 an eternity had previously elapsed1 during which ,god1 dwelling alone in ,his unimpeached unity1 had no object for ,his love2 and that the very word implies to us an existing object toward which the love is directed2 so that we cannot conceive of love in the absence of any object to be loved2 and therefore we again return to this point1 that if love is of ,god's essence1 and ,he is unchangeable1 the same necessity of ,his nature1 supposed to have caused creation1 must ever have made ,his existence without an object to love impossible3 and so that the ,universe must have been co-existent with ,himself4 ,the questions how and why evil exists in the ,universe3 how its existence is to be reconciled with the admitted wisdom and goodness and omnipotence of ,god2 and how far man is a free agent1 or controlled by an inexorable necessity or destiny1 have two sides4 ,on one1 they are questions as to the qualities and attributes of ,god2 for we must infer ,his moral nature from ,his mode of governing the ,universe1 and they ever enter into any consideration of ,his intellectual nature3 and on the other1 they directly concern the moral responsibility1 and therefore the destiny1 of man4 ,all-important1 therefore1 in both points of view1 they have been much discussed in all ages of the world1 and have no doubt urged men1 more than all other questions have1 to endeavor to fathom the profound mysteries of the ,nature and the mode of ,existence and action of an incomprehensible ,god4 ,and1 with these1 still another question also presents itself3 whether the ,deity governs the ,universe by fixed and unalterable laws1 or by special ,providences and interferences1 so that ,he may be induced to change ,his course and the results of human or material action1 by prayer and supplication4 ,god alone is all-powerful2 but the human soul has in all ages asserted its claim to be considered as part of the ,divine4 ,the purity of the spirit1 says ,van ,helmont1 is shown through energy and efficaciousness of will4 ,god1 by the agency of an infinite will1 created the ,universe1 and the same sort of power in an inferior degree1 limited more or less by external hindrances1 exists in all spiritual beings4 ,the higher we ascend in antiquity1 the more does prayer take the form of incantation2 and that form it still in a great degree retains1 since the rites of public worship are generally considered not merely as an expression of trust or reverence1 as real spiritual acts1 the effect of which is looked for only within the mind of the worshipper1 but as acts from which some direct outward result is anticipated1 the attainment of some desired object1 of health or wealth1 of supernatural gifts for body or soul1 of exemption from danger1 or vengeance upon enemies4 ,prayer was able to change the purposes of ,heaven1 and to make the ,devs tremble under the abyss4 ,it exercised a compulsory influence over the gods4 ,it promoted the magnetic sympathy of spirit with spirit2 and the ,hind and ,persian liturgies1 addressed not only to the ,deity ,himself1 but to ,his diversified manifestations1 were considered wholesome and necessary iterations of the living or creative ,word which at first effectuated the divine will1 and which from instant to instant supports the universal frame by its eternal repetition4 ,in the narrative of the ,fall1 we have the ,hebrew mode of explaining the great moral mystery1 the origin of evil and the apparent estrangement from ,heaven2 and a similar idea1 variously modified1 obtained in all the ancient creeds4 ,everywhere1 man had at the beginning been innocent and happy1 and had lapsed1 by temptation and his own weakness1 from his first estate4 ,thus was accounted for the presumed connection of increase of knowledge with increase of misery1 and1 in particular1 the great penalty of death was reconciled with ,divine ,justice4 ,subordinate to these greater points were the questions1 ,why is the earth covered with thorns and weeds8 whence the origin of clothing1 of sexual shame and passion8 whence the infliction of labor1 and how to justify the degraded condition of woman in the ,east1 or account for the loathing so generally felt toward the ,serpent ,tribe8 ,the hypothesis of a fall1 required under some of its modifications in all systems1 to account for the apparent imperfection in the work of a ,perfect ,being1 was1 in ,eastern philosophy1 the unavoidable accompaniment and condition of limited or individual existence2 since the ,soul1 considered as a fragment of the ,universal ,mind1 might be said to have lapsed from its pre-eminence when parted from its source1 and ceasing to form part of integral perfection4 ,the theory of its reunion was correspondent to the assumed cause of its degradation4 ,to reach its prior condition1 its individuality must cease2 it must be emancipated by re-absorption into the ,infinite1 the consummation of all things in ,god1 to be promoted by human effort in spiritual meditation or self-mortification1 and completed in the magical transformation of death4 ,and as man had fallen1 so it was held that the ,angels of ,evil had1 from their first estate1 to which1 like men1 they were1 in ,god's good time1 to be restored1 and the reign of evil was then to cease forever4 ,to this great result all the ,ancient-,theologies point2 and thus they all endeavored to reconcile the existence of ,sin and ,evil with the perfect and undeniable wisdom and beneficence of ,god4 ,with man's exercise of thought are inseparably connected freedom and responsibility4 ,man assumes his proper rank as a moral agent1 when with a sense of the limitations of his nature arise the consciousness of freedom1 and of the obligations accompanying its exercise1 the sense of duty and of the capacity to perform it4 ,to suppose that man ever imagined himself not to be a free agent until he had argued himself into that belief1 would be to suppose that he was in that below the brutes2 for he1 like them1 is conscious of his freedom to act4 ,experience alone teaches him that this freedom of action is limited and controlled2 and when what is outward to him restrains and limits this freedom of action1 he instinctively rebels against it as a wrong4 ,the rule cf duty and the materials of experience are derived from an acquaintance with the conditions of the external world1 in which the faculties are exerted2 and thus the problem of man involves those of ,nature and ,god4 ,our freedom1 we learn by experience1 is determined by an agency external to us2 our happiness is intimately dependent on the relations of the outward ,world1 and on the moral character of its ,ruler4 ,then at once arises this problem3 ,the ,god of ,nature must be ,one1 and ,his character cannot be suspected to be other than good4 ,whence1 then1 came the evil1 the consciousness of which must invariably have preceded or accompanied man's moral development8 ,on this subject human opinion has ebbed and flowed between two contradictory extremes1 one of which seems inconsistent with ,god's ,omnipotence1 and the other with ,his beneficence4 ,if ,god1 it was said1 is perfectly wise and good1 evil must arise from some independent and hostile principle3 if1 on1 the other hand1 all agencies are subordinate to ,one1 it is difficult1 if evil does indeed exist1 if there is any such thing as ,evil1 to avoid the impiety of making ,god the ,author of it4 ,the recognition of a moral and physical dualism in nature was adverse to the doctrine of ,divine ,unity4 ,many of the ,ancients thought it absurd to imagine one ,supreme ,being1 like ,homer's ,jove1 distributing good and evil out of two urns4 ,they therefore substituted1 as we have seen1 the doctrine of two distinct and eternal principles2 some making the cause of evil to be the inherent imperfection of matter and the flesh1 without explaining how ,god was not the cause of that2 while others personified the required agency1 and fancifully invented an ,evil ,principle1 the question of whose origin indeed involved all the difficulty of the original problem1 but whose existence1 if once taken for granted1 was sufficient as a popular solution of the mystery2 the difficulty being supposed no longer to exist when pushed a step further off1 as the difficulty of conceiving the world upheld by an elephant was supposed to be got rid of when it was said that the elephant was supported by a tortoise4 ,the simpler1 and probably the older1 notion1 treated the one only ,god as the ,author of all things4 ,i form the light1 says ,jehovah1 and create darkness2 ,i cause prosperity and create evil2 ,i1 the ,lord1 do all these things4 ,all mankind1 says ,maximus ,tyrius1 are agreed that there exists one only ,universal ,king and ,father1 and that the many gods are ,his ,children4 ,there is nothing improbable in the supposition that the primitive idea was that there was but one ,god4 ,a vague sense of ,nature's ,unity1 blended with a dim perception of an all-pervading ,spiritual ,essence1 has been remarked among the earliest manifestations of the ,human ,mind4 ,everywhere it was the dim remembrance1 uncertain and indefinite1 of the original truth taught by ,god to the first men4 ,the ,deity of the ,old ,testament is everywhere represented as the direct author of ,evil1 commissioning evil and lying spirits to men1 hardening the heart of ,pharaoh1 and visiting the iniquity of the individual sinner on the whole people4 ,the rude conception of sternness predominating over mercy in the ,deity1 can alone account for the human sacrifices1 purposed1 if not executed1 by ,abraham and ,jephthah4 ,it has not been uncommon1 in any age or country of the world1 for men to recognize the existence of one ,god1 without forming any becoming estimate of ,his dignity4 ,the causes of both good and ill are referred to a mysterious centre1 to which each assigns such attributes as correspond with his own intellect and advance in civilization4 ,hence the assignment to the ,deity of the feelings of envy and jealousy4 ,hence the provocation given by the healing skill of sculapius and the humane theft of fire by ,prometheus4 ,the very spirit of ,nature1 personified in ,orpheus1 ,tantalus1 or ,phineus was supposed to have been killed1 confined1 or blinded1 for having too freely divulged the ,divine ,mysteries to mankind4 ,this ,divine ,envy still exists in a modified form1 and varies according to circumstances4 ,in ,hesiod it appears in the lowest type of human malignity4 ,in the ,god of ,moses1 it is jealousy of the infringement of the autocratic power1 the check to political treason2 and even the penalties denounced for worshipping other gods often seem dictated rather by a jealous regard for ,his own greatness in ,deity1 than by the immorality and degraded nature of the worship itself4 ,in ,herodotus and other writers it assumes a more philosophical shape1 as a strict adherence to a moral equilibrium in the government of the world1 in the punishment of pride1 arrogance1 and insolent pretension4 ,god acts providentially in ,nature by regular and universal laws1 by constant modes of operation2 and so takes care of material things without violating their constitution1 acting always according to the nature of the things which ,he has made4 ,it is a fact of observation that1 in the material and unconscious world1 ,he works by its materiality and unconsciousness1 not against them2 in the animal world1 by its animality and partial consciousness1 not against them4 ,so in the providential government of the world1 ,he acts by regular and universal laws1 and constant modes of operation2 and so takes care of human things without violating their constitution1 acting always according to the human nature of man1 not against if1 working in the human world by means of man's consciousness and partial freedom1 not against them4 ,god acts by general laws for general purposes4 ,the attraction of gravitation is a good thing1 for it keeps the world together2 and if the tower of ,siloam1 thereby falling to the ground1 slays eighteen men of ,jerusalem1 that number is too small to think of1 considering the myriad millions who are upheld by the same law4 ,it could not well be repealed for their sake1 and to hold up that tower2 nor could it remain in force1 and the tower stand4 ,it is difficult to conceive of a ,perfect ,will without confounding it with something like mechanism2 since language has no name for that combination of the ,inexorable with the ,moral1 which the old poets personified separately in ,ananke or ,eimarmene and ,zeus4 ,how combine understandingly the ,perfect ,freedom of the ,supreme and ,all-,sovereign ,will of ,god with the inflexible necessity1 as part of ,his ,essence1 that ,he should and must continue to be1 in all ,his great attributes1 of justice and mercy for example1 what ,he is now and always has been1 and with the impossibility of ,his changing ,his nature and becoming unjust1 merciless1 cruel1 fickle1 or of ,his repealing the great moral laws which make crime wrong and the practice of virtue right8 ,for all that we familiarly know of ,free-,will is that capricious exercise of it which we experience in ourselves and other men2 and therefore the notion of ,supreme ,will1 still guided by ,infallible ,law1 even if that law be self-imposed1 is always in danger of being either stripped of the essential quality of ,freedom1 or degraded under the ill-name of ,necessity to something of even less moral and intellectual dignity than the fluctuating course of human operations4 ,it is not until we elevate the idea of law above that of partiality or tyranny1 that we discover that the self-imposed limitations of the ,supreme ,cause1 constituting an array of certain alternatives1 regulating moral choice1 are the very sources and safeguards of human freedom2 and the doubt recurs1 whether we do not set a law above ,god ,himself2 or whether laws self-imposed may not be self-repealed3 and if not1 what power prevents it4 ,the ,zeus of ,homer1 like that of ,hesiod1 is an array of antitheses1 combining strength with weakness1 wisdom with folly1 universal parentage with narrow family limitation1 omnipotent control over events with submission to a superior destiny2--,,destiny1 a name by means of which the theological problem was cast back into the original obscurity out of which the powers of the human mind have proved themselves as incapable of rescuing it1 as the efforts of a fly caught in a spider's web to do more than increase its entanglement4 ,the oldest notion of ,deity was rather indefinite than repulsive4 ,the positive degradation was of later growth4 ,the ,god of nature reflects the changeful character of the seasons1 varying from dark to bright4 ,alternately angry and serene1 and lavishing abundance which she again withdraws1 nature seems inexplicably capricious1 and though capable of responding to the highest requirements of the moral sentiment through a general comprehension of her mysteries1 more liable1 by a partial or hasty view to become darkened into a ,siva1 a ,saturn1 or a ,mexitli1 a patron of fierce orgies or blood-stained altars4 ,all the older poetical personifications exhibit traces of this ambiguity4 ,they are neither wholly immoral nor purely beneficent4 ,no people have ever deliberately made their ,deity a malevolent or guilty ,being4 ,the simple piety which ascribed the origin of all things to ,god1 took all in good part1 trusting and hoping all things4 ,the ,supreme ,ruler was at first looked up to with unquestioning reverence4 ,no startling discords or contradictions had yet raised a doubt as to ,his beneficence1 or made men dissatisfied with ,his government4 ,fear might cause anxiety1 but could not banish hope1 still less inspire aversion4 ,it was only later1 when abstract notions began to assume the semblance of realities1 and when new or more distinct ideas suggested new words for their expression1 that it became necessary to fix a definite barrier between ,evil and ,good4 ,to account for moral evil1 it became necessary to devise some new expedient suited both to the piety and self-complacency of the inventor1 such as the perversity of woman1 or an agent distinct from ,god1 a ,typhon or ,ahriman1 obtained either by dividing the ,gods into two classes1 or by dethroning the ,ancient ,divinity1 and changing him into a ,dev or ,dmon4 ,through a similar want1 the ,orientals devised the inherent corruption of the fleshy and material2 the ,hebrew transferred to ,satan everything illegal and immoral2 and the ,greek reflection1 occasionally adopting the older and truer view1 retorted upon man the obloquy cast on these creatures of his imagination1 and showed how he has to thank himself alone for his calamities1 while his good things are the voluntary gifts1 not the plunder of ,heaven4 ,homer had already made ,zeus exclaim1 in the ,assembly of ,olympus1 ,grievous it is to hear these mortals accuse the ,gods2 they pretend that evils come from us2 but they themselves occasion them gratuitously by their own wanton folly4 ,it is the fault of man1 said ,solon1 in reference to the social evils of his day1 not of ,god1 that destruction comes2 and ,euripides1 after a formal discussion of the origin of evil1 comes to the conclusion that men act wrongly1 not from want of natural good sense and feeling1 but because knowing what is good1 they yet for various reasons neglect to practise it4 ,and at last reaching the highest truth1 ,pindar1 ,hesiod1 schylus1 sop1 and ,horace said1 ,all virtue is a struggle2 life is not a scene of repose1 but of energetic action4 ,suffering is but another name for the teaching of experience1 appointed by ,zeus himself1 the giver of all understanding1 to be the parent of instruction1 the schoolmaster of life4 ,he indeed put an end to the golden age2 he gave venom to serpents and predacity to wolves2 he shook the honey from the leaf1 and stopped the flow of wine in the rivulets2 he concealed the element of fire1 and made the means of life scanty and precarious4 ,but in all this his object was beneficent2 it was not to destroy life1 but to improve it4 ,it was a blessing to man1 not a curse1 to be sentenced to earn his bread by the sweat of his brow2 for nothing great or excellent is attainable without exertion2 safe and easy virtues are prized neither by gods nor men2 and the parsimoniousness of nature is justified by its powerful effect in rousing the dormant faculties1 and forcing on mankind the invention of useful arts by means of meditation and thought4 ,ancient religious reformers pronounced the worship of idols to be the root of all evil2 and there have been many iconoclasts in different ages of the world4 ,the maxim still holds good2 for the worship of idols1 that is1 of fanciful conceits1 if not the source of all evil1 is still the cause of much2 and it prevails as extensively now as it ever did4 ,men are ever engaged in worshipping the picturesque fancies of their own imaginations4 ,human wisdom must always be limited and incorrect2 and even right opinion is only a something intermediate between ignorance and knowledge4 ,the normal condition of man is that of progress4 ,philosophy is a kind of journey1 ever learning1 yet never arriving at the ideal perfection of truth4 ,a ,mason should1 like the wise ,socrates1 assume the modest title of a lover of wisdom2 for he must ever long after something more excellent than he possesses1 something still beyond his reach1 which he desires to make eternally his own4 ,thus the philosophic sentiment came to be associated with the poetical and the religious1 under the comprehensive name of ,love4 ,before the birth of ,philosophy1 ,love had received but scanty and inadequate homage4 ,this mightiest and most ancient of gods1 coeval with the existence of religion and of the world1 had been indeed unconsciously felt1 but had neither been worthily honored nor directly celebrated in hymn or pan4 ,in the old days of ignorance it could scarcely have been recognized4 ,in order that it might exercise its proper influence over religion and philosophy1 it was necessary that the ,god of ,nature should cease to be a ,god of terrors1 a personification of mere ,power or arbitrary ,will1 a pure and stern ,intelligence1 an inflictor of evil1 and an unrelenting ,judge4 ,the philosophy of ,plato1 in which this charge became forever established1 was emphatically a mediation of ,love4 ,with him1 the inspiration of ,love first kindled the light of arts and imparted them to mankind2 and not only the arts of mere existence1 but the heavenly art of wisdom1 which supports the ,universe4 ,it inspires high and generous deeds and noble self-devotion4 ,without it1 neither ,state nor individual could do anything beautiful or great4 ,love is our best pilot1 confederate1 supporter1 and saviour2 the ornament and governor of all things human and divine2 and he with divine harmony forever soothes the minds of men and gods4 ,man is capable of a higher ,love1 which1 marrying mind with mind and with the ,universe1 brings forth all that is noblest in his faculties1 and lifts him beyond himself4 ,this higher love is neither mortal nor immortal1 but a power intermediate between the human and the ,divine1 filling up the mighty interval1 and binding the ,universe together4 ,he is chief of those celestial emissaries who carry to the gods the prayers of men1 and bring down to men the gifts of the gods4 ,he is forever poor1 and far from being beautiful as mankind imagine1 for he is squalid and withered2 he flies low along the ground1 is homeless and unsandalled2 sleeping without covering before the doors and in the unsheltered streets1 and possessing so far his mother's nature as being ever the companion of want4 ,yet1 sharing also that of his father1 he is forever scheming to obtain things good and beautiful2 he is fearless1 vehement1 and strong2 always devising some new contrivance2 strictly cautious and full of inventive resource2 a philosopher through his whole existence1 a powerful enchanter1 and a subtle sophist4 ,the ideal consummation of ,platonic science is the arrival at the contemplation of that of which earth exhibits no express image or adequate similitude1 the ,supreme ,prototype of all beauty1 pure and uncontaminated with human intermixture of flesh or color1 the ,divine ,original itself4 ,to one so qualified is given the prerogative of bringing forth not mere images and shadows of virtue1 but virtue itself1 as having been conversant not with shadows1 but with the truth2 and having so brought forth and nurtured a progeny of virtue1 he becomes the friend of ,god1 and1 so far as such a privilege can belong to any human being1 immortal4 ,socrates believed1 like ,heraclitus1 in a ,universal ,reason pervading all things and all minds1 and consequently revealing itself in ideas4 ,he therefore sought truth in general opinion1 and perceived in the communication of mind with mind one of the greatest prerogatives of wisdom and the most powerful means of advancement4 ,he believed true wisdom to be an attainable idea1 and that the moral convictions of the mind1 those eternal instincts of temperance1 conscientiousness1 and justice1 implanted in it by the gods1 could not deceive1 if rightly interpreted4 ,this metaphysical direction given to philosophy ended in visionary extravagance4 ,having assumed truth to be discoverable in thought1 it proceeded to treat thoughts as truths4 ,it thus became an idolatry of notions1 which it considered either as phantoms exhaled from objects1 or as portions of the divine pre-existent thought2 thus creating a mythology of its own1 and escaping from one thraldom only to enslave itself afresh4 ,theories and notions indiscriminately formed and defended are the false gods or idols of philosophy4 ,for the word idolon means image1 and a false mind-picture of ,god is as much an idol as a false wooden image of ,him4 ,fearlessly launching into the problem of universal being1 the first philosophy attempted to supply a compendious and decisive solution of every doubt4 ,to do this1 it was obliged to make the most sweeping assumptions2 and as poetry had already filled the vast void between the human and the divine1 by personifying its ,deity as man1 so philosophy bowed down before the supposed reflection of the divine image in the mind of the inquirer1 who1 in worshipping his own notions1 had unconsciously deified himself4 ,nature thus was enslaved to common notions1 and notions very often to words4 ,by the clashing of incompatible opinions1 philosophy was gradually reduced to the ignominious confession of utter incapacity1 and found its check or intellectual fall in skepticism4 ,xenophanes and ,heraclitus mournfully acknowledged the unsatisfactory result of all the struggles of philosophy1 in the admission of a universality of doubt2 and the memorable effort of ,socrates to rally the discomfited champions of truth1 ended in a similar confession4 ,the worship of abstractions continued the error which personified ,evil or deified ,fortune2 and when mystical philosophy resigned its place to mystical religion1 it changed not its nature1 but only its name4 ,the great task remained unperformed1 of reducing the outward world and its principles to the dominion of the intellect1 and of reconciling the conception of the supreme unalterable power asserted by reason1 with the requisitions of human sympathies4 ,a general idea of purpose and regularity in nature had been suggested by common appearances to the earliest reflection4 ,the ancients perceived a natural order1 a divine legislation1 from which human institutions were supposed to be derived1 laws emblazoned in ,heaven1 and thence revealed to earth4 ,but the divine law was little more than an analogical inference from human law1 taken in the vulgar sense of arbitrary will or partial covenant4 ,it was surmised rather than discovered1 and remained unmoral because unintelligible4 ,it mattered little1 under the circumstances1 whether the ,universe were said to be governed by chance or by reason1 since the latter1 if misunderstood1 was virtually one with the former4 ,better far1 said ,epicurus1 acquiesce in the fables of tradition1 than acknowledge the oppressive necessity of the physicists2 and ,menander speaks of ,god1 ,chance1 and ,intelligence as undistinguishable4 ,law unacknowledged goes under the name of ,chance3 perceived1 but not understood1 it becomes ,necessity4 ,the wisdom of the ,stoic was a dogged submission to the arbitrary behests of one2 that of the ,epicurean an advantage snatched by more or less dexterous management from the equal tyranny of the other4 ,ignorance sees nothing necessary1 and is self abandoned to a power tyrannical because defined by no rule1 and paradoxical because permitting evil1 while itself assumed to be unlimited1 all-powerful1 and perfectly good4 ,a little knowledge1 presuming the identification of the ,supreme ,cause with the inevitable certainty of perfect reason1 but omitting the analysis or interpretation of it1 leaves the mind chain-bound in the ascetic fatalism of the ,stoic4 ,free-will1 coupled with the universal rule of ,chance2 or ,fatalism and ,necessity1 coupled with ,omniscience and fixed and unalterable ,law1--these are the alternatives1 between which the human mind has eternally vacillated4 ,the ,supernaturalists1 contemplating a ,being acting through impulse1 though with superhuman wisdom1 and considering the best courtier to be the most favored subject1 combines contradictory expedients1 inconsistently mixing the assertion of free action with the enervating service of petition2 while he admits1 in the words of a learned archbishop1 that if the production of the things we ask for depend on antecedent1 natural1 and necessary causes1 our desires will be answered no less by the omission than the offering of prayers1 which1 therefore1 are a vain thing4 ,the last stage is that in which the religion of action is made legitimate through comprehension of its proper objects and conditions4 ,man becomes morally free only when both notions1 that of ,chance and that of incomprehensible ,necessity1 are displaced by that of ,law4 ,law1 as applied to the ,universe1 means that universal1 providential pre-arrangement1 whose conditions can be discerned and discretionally acted on by human intelligence4 ,the sense of freedom arises when the individual independence develops itself according to its own laws1 without external collisions or hindrance2 that of constraint1 where it is thwarted or confined by other ,natures1 or where1 by combination of external forces1 the individual force is compelled into a new direction4 ,moral choice would not exist safely1 or even at all1 unless it were bounded by conditions determining its preferences4 ,duty supposes a rule both intelligible and certain1 since an uncertain rule would be unintelligible1 and if unintelligible1 there could be no responsibility4 ,no law that is unknown can be obligatory2 and that ,roman ,emperor was justly execrated1 who pretended to promulgate his penal laws1 by putting them up at such a height that none could read them4 ,man commands results1 only by selecting among the contingent the pre-ordained results most suited to his purposes4 ,in regard to absolute or divine morality1 meaning the final cause or purpose of those comprehensive laws which often seem harsh to the individual1 because inflexibly just and impartial to the universal1 speculation must take refuge in faith2 the immediate and obvious purpose often bearing so small a proportion to a wider and unknown one as to be relatively absorbed or lost4 ,the rain that1 unseasonable to me1 ruins my hopes of an abundant crop1 does so because it could not otherwise have blessed and prospered the crops of another kind of a whole neighboring district of country4 ,the obvious purpose of a sudden storm of snow1 or an unexpected change of wind1 exposed to which ,i lose my life1 bears small proportion to the great results which are to flow from that storm or wind over a whole continent4 ,so always1 of the good and ill which at first seemed irreconcilable and capriciously distributed1 the one holds its ground1 the other diminishes by being explained4 ,in a world of a multitude of individuals1 a world of action and exertion1 a world affording1 by the conflict of interests and the clashing of passions1 any scope for the exercise of the manly and generous virtues1 even ,omnipotence cannot make it1 that the comfort and convenience of one man alone shall always be consulted4 ,thus the educated mind soon begins to appreciate the moral superiority of a system of law over one of capricious interference2 and as the jumble of means and ends is brought into more intelligible perspective1 partial or seeming good is cheerfully resigned for the disinterested and universal4 ,self-restraint is found not to imply self-sacrifice4 ,the true meaning of what appeared to be ,necessity is found to be1 not arbitrary ,power1 but ,strength and ,force enlisted in the service of ,intelligence4 ,god having made us men1 and placed us in a world of change and eternal renovation1 with ample capacity and abundant means for rational enjoyment1 we learn that it is folly to repine because we are not angels1 inhabiting a world in which change and the clashing of interests and the conflicts of passion are unknown4 ,the mystery of the world remains1 but is sufficiently cleared up to inspire confidence4 ,we are constrained to admit that if every man would but do the best in his power to do1 and that which he knows he ought to do1 we should need no better world than this4 ,man1 surrounded by necessity1 is free1 not in a dogged determination of isolated will1 because1 though inevitably complying with nature's laws1 he is able1 proportionately to his knowledge1 to modify1 in regard to himself1 the conditions of their action1 and so to preserve an average uniformity between their forces and his own4 ,such are some of the conflicting opinions of antiquity2 and we have to some extent presented to you a picture of the ,ancient ,thought4 ,faithful1 as far as it goes1 it exhibits to us ,man's ,intellect ever struggling to pass beyond the narrow bounds of the circle in which its limited powers and its short vision confine it2 and ever we find it travelling round the circle1 like one lost in a wood1 to meet the same unavoidable and insoluble difficulties4 ,science with her many instruments1 ,astronomy1 particularly1 with her telescope1 ,physics with the microscope1 and ,chemistry with its analyses and combinations1 have greatly enlarged our ideas of the ,deity1 by discovering to us the vast extent of the ,universe in both directions1 its star-systems and its invisible swarms of minutest animal life2 by acquainting us with the new and wonderful ,force or ,substance we call ,electricity1 apparently a link between ,matter and ,spirit3 and still the ,deity only becomes more incomprehensible to us than ever1 and we find that in our speculations we but reproduce over and over again the ,ancient ,thought4 ,where1 then1 amid all these conflicting opinions1 is the ,true ,word of a ,mason8 ,my ,brother1 most of the questions which have thus tortured men's minds1 it is not within the reach and grasp of the ,human ,intellect to understand2 but without understanding1 as we have explained to you heretofore1 we may and must believe4 ,the ,true ,word of a ,mason is to be found in the concealed and profound meaning of the ,ineffable ,name of ,deity1 communicated by ,god to ,moses2 and which meaning was long lost by the very precautions taken to conceal it4 ,the true pronunciation of that name was in truth a secret1 in which1 however1 was involved the far more profound secret of its meaning4 ,in that meaning is included all the truth than can be known by us1 in regard to the nature of ,god4 ,long known as ,,al1 ,,al ,,schadai1 ,,alohayim1 and ,,adonai2 as the ,chief or ,commander of the ,heavenly ,armies2 as the aggregate of the ,forces ,,alohayim of ,nature2 as the ,mighty1 the ,victorious1 the ,rival of ,bal and ,osiris2 as the ,soul of ,nature1 ,nature itself1 a ,god that was but ,man personified1 a ,god with human passions1 the ,god of the ,heathen with but a mere change of name1 ,he assumes1 in ,his communications to ,moses1 the name ,,ihuh1 and says to ,him1 ,,ahih ,,ashr ,,ahih1 ,i ,,am ,,what ,i ,,am4 ,let us examine the esoteric or inner meaning of this ,ineffable ,name4 ,,hih is the imperfect tense of the verb ,to ,,be1 of which ,,hihi is the present2 ,,ahi-- being the personal pronoun ,i affixed the first person1 by apocope2 and ,,ihi the third4 ,the verb has the following forms3 444 ,preterite1 #c;d person1 masculine singular1 ,,hih1 did exist1 was2 #c;d person com4 plural1 ,,hiu 444 ,present1 #c;d pers4 masc4 sing4 ,,ihih1 once ,,ihua1 by apocope 1 ,,ahi1 ,,ihi44 ,infinitive1 1 ,,hih1 ,,hiu 444 ,imperative1 #b;d pers4 masc4 sing41 ,,hih1 fem4 ,,hui 444 ,participle1 masc4 sing41 ,,huh1 ,,ens--,,existing 44 ,,existence4 ,the verb is never used1 as the mere logical copula or connecting word1 is1 was1 etc41 is used with the ,greeks1 ,latins1 and ourselves4 ,it always implies existence1 actuality4 ,the present form also includes the future sense1444 shall or may be or exist4 ,and and ,,huh and ,,hua ,chaldaic forms of the imperfect tense of the verb1 are the same as the ,hebrew and ,,huh and ,,hih1 and mean was1 existed1 became4 ,now and ,,hua and ,,hia are the ,personal ,pronoun ,masculine and ,feminine1 ,,he1 ,,she4 ,thus in ,gen4 iv4 #bj we have the phrase1 ,,hua ,,hih1 ,,he ,,was3 and in ,lev4 xxi4 #i1 ,,ath ,,abih ,,hia1 ,,her ,father4 ,this feminine pronoun1 however1 is often written ,,hua1 and ,hi,a occurs only eleven times in the ,pentateuch4 ,sometimes the feminine form means ,,it2 but that pronoun is generally in the masculine form4 ,when either 111 or ,yod1 ,vav1 ,he1 or ,aleph terminates a word1 and has no vowel either immediately preceding or following it1 it is often rejected2 as in ,,gi1 for ,,gia1 a valley4 ,so - ,,hua-,,hia1 ,he-,she1 could properly be written - ,hu-,,hi2 or by transposition of the letters1 common with the ,talmudists1 - ,,ih-,,uh1 which is the ,tetragrammaton or ,ineffable ,name4 ,in ,gen4 i4 #bg1 it is said1 ,so the ,,alhim created man in ,his image3 in the image of ,,alhim created ,he him3 ,,male and ,,female created ,he them4 ,sometimes the word was thus expressed2 triangularly3 ,and we learn that this designation of the ,ineffable ,name was1 among the ,hebrews1 a symbol of ,creation4 ,the mysterious union of ,god with ,his creatures was in the letter 1 which they considered to be the ,agent of ,almighty ,power2 and to enable the possessor of the ,name to work miracles4 ,the ,personal ,pronoun ,hu,a1 ,,he1 is often used by itself1 to express the ,deity1 ,lee says that in such cases1 ,,ihuh1 ,,ih1 or ,,alhim1 or some other name of ,god1 is understood2 but there is no necessity for that4 ,it means in such cases the ,male1 ,generative1 or ,creative ,principle or ,power4 ,it was a common practice with the ,talmudists to conceal secret meanings and sounds of words by transposing the letters4 ,the reversal of the letters of words was1 indeed1 anciently common everywhere4 ,thus from ,neitha1 the name of an ,egyptian ,goddess1 the ,greeks1 writing backward1 formed ,athen1 the name of ,minerva4 ,in ,arabic we have ,nahid1 a name of the planet ,venus1 which1 reversed1 gives ,dihan1 ,greek1 in ,persian1 ,nihad1 ,nature2 which ,sir ,william ,jones writes also ,nahid4 ,strabo informs us that the ,armenian name of ,venus was ,anaitis4 ,tien1 ,heaven1 in ,chinese1 reversed1 is ,neit1 or ,neith1 worshipped at ,sais in ,egypt4 ,reverse ,neitha1 drop the i1 and add an e1 and we1 as before said1 ,athen4 ,mitra was the name of ,venus among the ancient ,persians4 ,herodotus1 who tells us this1 also informs us that her name1 among the ,scythians1 was ,artim pasa4 ,artim is ,mitra1 reversed4 ,so1 by reversing it1 the ,greeks formed ,artemis1 ,diana4 ,one of the meanings of ,rama1 in ,sanscrit1 is ,kama1 the ,deity of ,love4 ,reverse this1 and we have ,amar1 and by changing a into o1 ,amor1 the ,latin word for ,love4 ,probably1 as the verb is ,amare1 the oldest reading was ,amar and not ,amor4 ,so ,dipaka1 in ,sanscrit1 one of the meanings whereof is love1 is often written ,dipuc4 ,reverse this1 and we have1 adding o1 the ,latin word ,cupido4 ,in ,arabic1 the radical letters rhm1 pronounced rahm1 signify the trunk1 compassion1 mercy2 this reversed1 we have mhr1 in ,persic1 love and the ,sun4 ,in ,hebrew we have ,lab1 the heart2 and in ,chaldee1 ,bal1 the heart2 the radical letters of both being b and l4 ,the ,persic word for head is ,sar4 ,reversed1 this becomes ,ras in ,arabic and ,hebrew1 ,raish in ,chaldee1 ,rash in ,samaritan1 and ,ryas in ,ethiopic2 all meaning head1 chief1 etc4 ,in ,arabic we have ,kid1 in the sense of rule1 regulation1 article of agreement1 obligation2 which1 reversed1 becomes1 adding e1 the ,greek dik justice4 ,in ,coptic we have ,chlom1 a crown4 ,reversed1 we have in ,hebrew1 ,moloch or ,malec1 a ,king1 or he who wears a crown4 ,in the ,kou-onen1 or oldest ,chinese writing1 by ,hieroglyphics1 ,glyph ,ge ,hi or ,khi1 with the initial letter modified1 was the ,sun3 in ,persic4 ,gaw3 and in ,turkish ,giun4 ,yue1 was the ,moon2 in ,sanscrit ,uh1 and in ,turkish ,ai4 ,it will be remembered that1 in ,egypt and elsewhere1 the ,sun was originally feminine1 and the ,moon masculine4 ,in ,egypt1 ,ioh was the moon2 and in the feasts of ,bacchus they cried incessantly1 ,euo ,sabvi6 ,euo ,bakh6 ,io ,bakhe6 lo ,bakhe6 ,bunsen gives the following personal pronouns for he and she2 ,he ,she ,christian ,aramtic ,h ,h ,jewish ,aramaic ,h ,h ,hebrew ,h ,h ,arabic ,huwa ,hiya ,thus the ,ineffable ,name not only embodies the ,great ,philosophical ,idea1 that the ,deity is the ,,ens1 the ,,to ,,on1 the ,absolute ,existence1 that of which the ,essence is ,to ,exist1 the only ,substance of ,spinoza1 the ,,being1 that never could not have existed1 as contradistinguished from that which only becomes1 not ,nature or the ,soul of ,nature1 but that which created ,nature2 but also the idea of the ,male and ,female ,principles1 in its highest and most profound sense2 to wit1 that ,god originally comprehended in ,himself all that is3 that matter was not co-existent with ,him1 or independent of ,him2 that ,he did not merely fashion and shape a pre-existing chaos into a ,universe2 but that ,his ,thought manifested itself outwardly in that ,universe1 which so became1 and before was not1 except as comprehended in ,him3 that the ,generative ,power or ,spirit1 and ,productive ,matter1 ever among the ancients deemed the ,female1 originally were in ,god2 and that ,he ,was and ,is all that ,was1 that ,is1 and that ,shall be3 in ,whom all else lives1 moves1 and has its being4 ,this was the great ,mystery of the ,ineffable ,name2 and this true arrangement of its letters1 and of course its true pronunciation and its meaning1 soon became lost to all except the select few to whom it was confided2 it being concealed from the common people1 because the ,deity thus metaphysically named was not that personal and capricious1 and as it were tangible ,god in whom they believed1 and who alone was within the reach of their rude capacities4 ,diodorus says that the name given by ,moses to ,god was 4 ,theodoras says that the ,samaritans termed ,god ,,iabe1 but the ,jews 4 ,philo ,byblius gives the form 2 and ,clemens of ,alexandria 4 ,macrobius says that it was an admitted axiom among the ,heathen1 that the triliteral was the sacred name of the ,supreme ,god4 ,and the ,clarian oracle said3 ,learn thou that is the great ,god ,supreme1 that ruleth over all4 ,the letter signified ,unity4 and are the first and last letters of the ,greek ,alphabet4 ,hence the frequent expression3 ,i am the ,first1 and ,i am the ,last2 and besides ,me there is no other ,god4 ,i am ,a and 1 the ,first and the ,last4 ,i am ,a and 1 the ,beginning and the ,ending1 which ,is1 and ,was1 and ,is to come3 the ,omnipotent4 ,for in this we see shadowed forth the same great truth2 that ,god is all in all--the ,cause and the ,effect--the beginning1 or ,impulse1 or ,generative ,power3 and the ,ending1 or ,result1 or that which is produced3 that ,he is in reality all that is1 all that ever was1 and all that ever will be2 in this sense1 that nothing besides ,himself has existed eternally1 and co-eternally with ,him1 independent of ,him1 and self-existent1 or self-originated4 ,and thus the meaning of the expression1 ,,alohayim1 a plural noun1 used1 in the account of the ,creation with which ,genesis commences1 with a singular verb1 and of the name or title ,,ihuh-,,alhim1 used for the first time in the #dth verse of the #b;d chapter of the same book1 becomes clear4 ,the ,,alhim is the aggregate unity of the manifested ,creative ,forces or ,powers of ,deity1 ,his ,emanations2 and ,,ihuh-,,alhim is the ,,absolute ,existence1 or ,essence of these ,powers and ,forces1 of which they are ,active ,manifestations and ,emanations4 ,this was the profound truth hidden in the ancient allegory and covered from the general view with a double veil4 ,this was the esoteric meaning of the generation and production of the ,indian1 ,chaldean1 and ,phnician cosmogonies2 and the ,active and ,passive ,powers1 of the ,male and ,female ,principles2 of ,heaven and its ,luminaries generating1 and the ,earth producing2 all hiding from vulgar view1 as above its comprehension1 the doctrine that matter is not eternal1 but that ,god was the only original ,existence1 the ,,absolute1 from ,whom everything has proceeded1 and to ,whom all returns3 and that all moral law springs not from the relation of things1 but from ,his ,wisdom and ,essential ,justice1 as the ,omnipotent ,legislator4 ,and this ,,true ,,word is with entire accuracy said to have been lost2 because its meaning was lost1 even among the ,hebrews1 although we still find the name 7its real meaning unsuspected71 in the ,hu of the ,druids and the ,fo-,hi of the ,chinese4 ,when we conceive of the ,absolute ,truth1 ,beauty1 or ,good1 we cannot stop short at the abstraction of either4 ,we are forced to refer each to some living and substantial ,being1 in which they have their foundations1 some being that is the first and last principle of each4 ,moral ,truth1 like every other universal and necessary truth1 cannot remain a mere abstraction4 ,abstractions are unrealities4 ,in ourselves1 moral truth is merely conceived of4 ,there must be somewhere a ,being that not only conceives of1 but constitutes it4 ,it has this characteristic2 that it is not only1 to the eyes of our intelligence1 an universal and necessary truth1 but one obligatory on our will4 ,it is ,a ,,law4 ,we do not establish that law ourselves4 ,it is imposed on us despite ourselves3 its principle must be without us4 ,it supposes a legislator4 ,he cannot be the being to whom the law applies2 but must be one that possesses in the highest degree all the characteristics of moral truth4 ,the moral law1 universal and necessary1 necessarily has as its author a necessary being--composed of justice and charity1 its author must be a being possessing the plenitude of both4 ,as all beautiful and all true things refer themselves1 these to a ,unity which is absolute ,,truth1 and those to a ,unity which is absolute ,,beauty1 so all the moral principles centre in a single principle1 which is ,,the ,,good4 ,thus we arrive at the conception of ,,the ,,good in itself1 the ,,absolute ,good1 superior to all particular duties1 and determinate in those duties4 ,this ,absolute ,good must necessarily be an attribute of the ,absolute ,,being4 ,there cannot be several ,absolute ,beings2 the one in whom are realized ,absolute ,truth and ,absolute ,beauty being different from the one in whom is realized ,absolute ,good4 ,the ,absolute necessarily implies absolute ,unity4 ,the ,true1 the ,beautiful1 and the ,good are not three distinct essences3 but they are one and the same essence1 considered in its fundamental attributes3 the different phases which1 in our eyes1 the ,absolute and ,infinite ,perfection assumes4 ,manifested in the ,world of the ,finite and ,relative1 these three attributes separate from each other1 and are distinguished by our minds1 which can comprehend nothing except by division4 ,but in the ,being from ,whom they emanate1 they are indivisibly united2 and this ,being1 at once triple and one1 ,who sums up in ,himself perfect ,beauty1 perfect ,truth1 and the perfect ,good1 is ,,god4 ,god is necessarily the principle of ,moral ,truth1 and of personal morality4 ,man is a moral person1 that is to say1 one endowed with reason and liberty4 ,he is capable of ,virtue3 and ,virtue has with him two principal forms1 respect for others and love of others1--justice and charity4 ,the creature can possess no real and essential attribute which the ,creator does not possess4 ,the effect can draw its reality and existence only from its cause4 ,the cause contains in itself1 at least1 what is essential in the effect4 ,the characteristic of the effect is inferiority1 short-coming1 imperfection4 ,dependent and derivate1 it bears in itself the marks and conditions of dependence2 and its imperfection proves the perfection of the cause2 or else there would be in the effect something immanent1 without a cause4 ,god is not a logical ,being1 whose ,nature may be explained by deduction1 and by means of algebraic equations4 ,when1 setting out with a primary attribute1 the attributes of ,god are deduced one from the other1 after the manner of the ,geometricians and ,scholastics1 we have nothing but abstractions4 ,we must emerge from this empty dialetic1 to arrive at a true and living ,god4 ,the first notion which we have of ,god1 that of an ,infinite ,being1 is not given us priori1 independently of all experience4 ,it is our consciousness of ourself1 as at once a ,being and a limited ,being1 that immediately raises us to the conception of a ,being1 the principle of our being1 and ,himself without limits4 ,if the existence that we possess forces us to recur to a cause possessing the same existence in an infinite degree1 all the substantial attributes of existence that we possess equally require each an infinite cause4 ,god1 then1 is no longer the ,infinite1 ,abstract1 ,indeterminate ,being1 of which reason and the heart cannot lay hold1 but a real ,being1 determinate like ourselves1 a moral person like ourself2 and the study of our own souls will conduct us1 without resort to hypothesis1 to a conception of ,god1 both sublime and having a connection with ourselves4 ,if man be free1 ,god must be so4 ,it would be strange if1 while the creature has that marvellous power of disposing of himself1 of choosing and willing freely1 the ,being that has made him should be subject to a necessary development1 the cause of which1 though in ,himself1 is a sort of abstract1 mechanical1 or metaphysical power1 inferior to the personal1 voluntary cause which we are1 and of which we have the clearest consciousness4 ,god is free because we are3 but he is not free as we are4 ,he is at once everything that we are1 and nothing that we are4 ,he possesses the same attributes as we1 but extended to infinity4 ,he possesses1 then1 an infinite liberty1 united to an infinite intelligence2 and as ,his intelligence is infallible1 exempt from the uncertainty of deliberation1 and perceiving at a glance where the ,good is1 so ,his liberty accomplishes it spontaneously and without effort4 ,as we assign to ,god that liberty which is the basis of our existence1 so also we transfer to ,his character1 from our own1 justice and charity4 ,in man they are virtues3 in ,god1 ,his attributes4 ,what is in us the laborious conquest of liberty1 is in ,him ,his very nature4 ,the idea of the right1 and the respect paid to the right1 are signs of the dignity of our existence4 ,if respect of rights is the very essence of justice1 the ,perfect ,being must know and respect the rights of the lowest of ,his creatures2 for ,he assigned them those rights4 ,in ,god resides a sovereign justice1 that renders to every one what is due him1 not according to deceitful appearances1 but according to the truth of things4 ,and if man1 a limited being1 has the power to go out of himself1 to forget his own person1 to love another like himself1 and devote himself to his happiness1 dignity1 and perfection1 the ,perfect ,being must have1 in an infinite degree1 that disinterested tenderness1 that ,charity1 the ,supreme ,virtue of the human person4 ,there is in ,god an infinite tenderness for ,his creatures1 manifested in ,his giving us existence1 which ,he might have withheld2 and every day it appears in innumerable marks of ,his ,divine ,providence4 ,plato well understood that love of ,god1 and expresses it in these great words3 ,let us speak of the cause which led the ,supreme ,arranger of the ,universe to produce and regulate that ,universe4 ,he was good2 and he who is good has no kind of ill-will4 ,exempt from that1 ,he willed that created things should be1 as far as possible1 like ,himself4 ,and ,christianity in its turn said1 ,god has so loved men that ,he has given them ,his only ,son4 ,it is not correct to affirm1 as is often done1 that ,christianity has in some sort discovered this noble sentiment4 ,we must not lower human nature1 to raise ,christianity4 ,antiquity knew1 described1 and practised charity2 the first feature of which1 so touching1 and thank ,god6 so common1 is goodness1 as its loftiest one is heroism4 ,charity is devotion to another2 and it is ridiculously senseless to pretend that there ever was an age of the world1 when the human soul was deprived of that part of its heritage1 the power of devotion4 ,but it is certain that ,christianity has diffused and popularized this virtue1 and that1 before ,christ1 these words were never spoken3 ,,love ,,one ,,another2 ,,for ,,that ,,is ,,the ,,whole ,,law4 ,charity presupposes ,justice4 ,he who truly loves his brother respects the rights of his brother2 but he does more1 he forgets his own4 ,egoism sells or takes4 ,love delights in giving4 ,in ,god1 love is what it is in us2 but in an infinite degree4 ,god is inexhaustible in ,his charity1 as ,he is inexhaustible in ,his essence4 ,that ,infinite ,omnipotence and ,infinite ,charity1 which1 by an admirable good-will1 draws from the bosom of its immense love the favors which it incessantly bestows on the world and on humanity1 teaches us that the more we give1 the more we possess4 ,god being all just and all good1 ,he can will nothing but what is good and just4 ,being ,omnipotent1 whatever ,he wills ,he can do1 and consequently does4 ,the world is the work of ,god3 it is therefore perfectly made4 ,yet there is disorder in the world1 that seems to impugn the justice and goodness of ,god4 ,a principle indissolubly connected with the very idea of good1 tells us that every moral agent deserves reward when he does well1 and punishment when he does ill4 ,this principle is universal and necessary4 ,it is absolute4 ,if it does not apply in this world1 it is false1 or the world is badly ordered4 ,but good actions are not always followed by happiness1 nor evil ones by misery4 ,though often this fact is more apparent than real2 though virtue1 a war against the passions1 full of dignity but full of sorrow and pain1 has the latter as its condition1 yet the pains that follow vice are greater2 and virtue conduces most to health1 strength1 and long life2--though the peaceful conscience that accompanies virtue creates internal happiness2 though public opinion generally decides correctly on men's characters1 and rewards virtue with esteem and consideration1 and vice with contempt and infamy2 and though1 after all1 justice reigns in the world1 and the surest road to happiness is still that of virtue1 yet there are exceptions4 ,virtue is not always rewarded1 nor vice punished1 in this life4 ,the data of this problem are these3 #ast4 ,the principle of merit and demerit within us is absolute3 every good action ought to be rewarded1 every bad one punished3 #b;d4 ,god is just as ,he is all-powerful3 #c;d4 ,there are in this world particular cases1 contradicting the necessary and universal law of merit and demerit4 ,what is the result8 ,to reject the two principles1 that ,god is just1 and the law of merit and demerit absolute1 is to raze to the foundations the whole edifice of human faith4 ,to maintain them1 is to admit that the present life is to be terminated or continued elsewhere4 ,the moral person who acts well or ill1 and awaits reward or punishment1 is connected with a body1 lives with it1 makes use of it1 depends upon it in a measure1 but is not it4 ,the body is composed of parts4 ,it diminishes or increases1 it is divisible even to infinity4 ,but this something which has a consciousness of itself1 and says ,i1 ,,me2 that feels itself free and responsible1 feels too that it is incapable of division1 that it is a being one and simple2 that the ,,me cannot be halved1 that if a limb is cut off and thrown away1 no part of the ,,me goes with it3 that it remains identical with itself under the variety of phenomena which successively manifest it4 ,this identity1 indivisibility1 and absolute unity of the person1 are its spirituality1 the very essence of the person4 ,it is not in the least an hypothesis to affirm that the soul differs essentially from the body4 ,by the soul we mean the person1 not separated from the consciousness of the attributes which constitute it1--thought and will4 ,the ,existence without consciousness is an abstract being1 and not a person4 ,it is the person1 that is identical1 one1 simple4 ,its attributes1 developing it1 do not divide it4 ,indivisible1 it is indissoluble1 and1 may be immortal4 ,if absolute justice requires this immortality1 it does not require what is impossible4 ,the spirituality of the soul is the condition and necessary foundation of immortality3 the law of merit and demerit the direct demonstration of it4 ,the first is the metaphysical1 the second the moral proof4 ,add to these the tendency of all the powers of the soul toward the ,infinite1 and the principle of final causes1 and the proof of the immortality of the soul is complete4 ,god1 therefore1 in the ,masonic creed1 is ,,infinite ,,truth1 ,,infinite ,,beauty1 ,,infinite ,,goodness4 ,he is the ,holy of ,holies1 as ,author of the ,moral ,law1 as the ,,principle of ,liberty1 of ,justice1 and of ,charity1 ,dispenser of ,reward and ,punishment4 ,such a ,god is not an abstract ,god2 but an intelligent and free person1 ,who has made us in ,his image1 from ,whom we receive the law that presides over our destiny1 and ,whose judgment we await4 ,it is ,his love that inspires us in our acts of charity3 it is ,his justice that governs our justice1 and that of society and the laws4 ,we continually remind ourselves that ,he is infinite2 because otherwise we should degrade ,his nature3 but ,he would be for us as if ,he were not1 if ,his infinite nature had not forms inherent in ourselves1 the forms of our own reason and soul4 ,when we love ,truth1 ,justice1 and ,nobility of ,soul1 we should know that it is ,god we love underneath these special forms1 and should unite them all into one great act of total piety4 ,we should feel that we go in and out continually in the midst of the vast forces of the ,universe1 which are only the ,forces of ,god2 that in our studies1 when we attain a truth1 we confront the thought of ,god2 when we learn the right1 we learn the will of ,god laid down as a rule of conduct for the ,universe2 and when we feel disinterested love1 we should know that we partake the feeling of the ,infinite ,god4 ,then1 when we reverence the mighty cosmic force1 it will not be a blind ,fate in an ,atheistic or ,pantheistic world1 but the ,infinite ,god1 that we shall confront and feel and know4 ,then we shall be mindful of the mind of ,god1 conscious of ,god's conscience1 sensible of ,his sentiments1 and our own existence will be in the infinite being of ,god4 ,the world is a whole1 which has its harmony2 for a ,god who is ,one1 could make none but a complete and harmonious work4 ,the harmony of the ,universe responds to the unity of ,god1 as the indefinite quantity is the defective sign of the infinitude of ,god4 ,to say that the ,universe is ,god1 is to admit the world only1 and deny ,god4 ,give it what name you please1 it is atheism at bottom4 ,on the other hand1 to suppose that the ,universe is void of ,god1 and that ,he is wholly apart from it1 is an insupportable and almost impossible abstraction4 ,to distinguish is not to separate4 ,i distinguish1 but do not separate myself from my qualities and effects4 ,so ,god is not the ,universe1 although ,he is everywhere present in spirit and in truth4 ,to us1 as to ,plato1 absolute truth is in ,god4 ,it is ,god ,himself under one of ,his phases4 ,in ,god1 as their original1 are the immutable principles of reality and cognizance4 ,in ,him things receive at once their existence and their intelligibility4 ,it is by participating in the ,divine reason that our own reason possesses something of the ,absolute4 ,every judgment of reason envelopes a necessary truth1 and every necessary truth supposes the necessary ,existence4 ,thus1 from every direction1--from metaphysics1 aesthetics1 and morality above all1 we rise to the same ,principle1 the common centre1 and ultimate foundation of all truth1 all beauty1 all good4 ,the ,true1 the ,beautiful1 the ,good1 are but diverse revelations of one and the same ,being4 ,thus we reach the threshold of religion1 and are in communion with the great philosophies which all proclaim a ,god2 and at the same time with the religions which cover the earth1 and all repose on the sacred foundation of natural religion2 of that religion which reveals to us the natural light given to all men1 without the aid of a particular revelation4 ,so long as philosophy does not arrive at religion1 it is below all worships1 even the most imperfect2 for they at least give man a ,father1 a ,witness1 a ,consoler1 a ,judge4 ,by religion1 philosophy connects itself with humanity1 which1 from one end of the world to the other1 aspires to ,god1 believes in ,god1 hopes in ,god4 ,philosophy contains in itself the common basis of all religious beliefs2 it1 as it were1 borrows from them their principle1 and returns it to them surrounded with light1 elevated above uncertainty1 secure against all attack4 ,from the necessity of ,his ,nature1 the ,infinite ,being must create and preserve the ,finite1 and to the ,finite must1 in its forms1 give and communicate of ,his own kind4 ,we cannot conceive of any finite thing existing without ,god1 the ,infinite basis and ground thereof2 nor of ,god existing without something4 ,god is the necessary logical condition of a world1 its necessitating cause2 a world1 the necessary logical condition of ,god1 ,his necessitated consequence4 ,it is according to ,his ,infinite ,perfection to create1 and then to preserve and bless whatever ,he creates4 ,that is the conclusion of modern metaphysical science4 ,the stream of philosophy runs down from ,aristotle to ,hegel1 and breaks off with this conclusion3 and then again recurs the ancient difficulty4 ,if it be of ,his nature to create1--if we cannot conceive of ,his existing alone1 without creating1 without having created1 then what ,he created was co-existent with ,himself4 ,if ,he could exist an instant without creating1 ,he could as well do so for a myriad of eternities4 ,and so again comes round to us the old doctrine of a ,god1 the ,soul of the ,universe1 and co-existent with it4 ,for what ,he created had a beginning2 and however long since that creation occurred1 an eternity had before elapsed4 ,the difference between a beginning and no beginning is infinite4 ,but of some things we can be certain4 ,we are conscious of ourselves--of ourselves if not as substances1 at least as ,powers to be1 to do1 to suffer4 ,we are conscious of ourselves not as self-originated at all or as self-sustained alone2 but only as dependent1 first for existence1 ever since for support4 ,among the primary ideas of consciousness1 that are inseparable from it1 the atoms of self-consciousness1 we find the idea of ,god4 ,carefully examined by the scrutizing intellect1 it is the idea of ,god as infinite1 perfectly powerful1 wise1 just1 loving1 holy2 absolute being with no limitation4 ,this made us1 made all1 sustains us1 sustains all2 made our body1 not by a single act1 but by a series of acts extending over a vast succession of years1--for man's body is the resultant of all created things1--made our spirit1 our mind1 conscience1 affections1 soul1 will1 appointed for each its natural mode of action1 set each at its several aim4 ,thus self-consciousness leads us to consciousness of ,god1 and at last to consciousness of an infinite ,god4 ,that is the highest evidence of our own existence1 and it is the highest evidence of ,his4 ,if there is a ,god at all1 ,he must be omnipresent in space4 ,beyond the last ,stars ,he must be1 as ,he is here4 ,there can be no mote that peoples the sunbeams1 no little cell of life that the microscope discovers in the seed-sporule of a moss1 but ,he is there4 ,he must also be omnipresent in time4 ,there was no second of time before the ,stars began to burn1 but ,god was in that second4 ,in the most distant nebulous spot in ,orion's belt1 and in every one of the millions that people a square inch of limestone1 ,god is alike present4 ,he is in the smallest imaginable or even unimaginable portion of time1 and in every second of its most vast and unimaginable volume2 ,his ,here conterminous with the ,all of ,space1 ,his ,now coeval with the ,all of ,time4 ,through all this ,space1 in all this ,time1 ,his ,being extends1 spreads undivided1 operates unspent2 ,god in all ,his infinity1 perfectly powerful1 wise1 just1 loving1 and holy4 ,his being is an infinite activity1 a creating1 and so a giving of ,himself to the ,world4 ,the ,world's being is a becoming1 a being created and continued4 ,it is so now1 and was so1 incalculable and unimaginable millions of ages ago4 ,all this is philosophy1 the unavoidable conclusion of the human mind4 ,it is not the opinion of ,coleridge and ,kant1 but their science2 not what they guess1 but what they know4 ,in virtue of this in-dwelling of ,god in matter1 we say that the world is a revelation of ,him1 its existence a show of ,his4 ,he is in ,his work4 ,the manifold action of the ,universe is only ,his mode of operation1 and all material things are in communion with ,him4 ,all grow and move and live in ,him1 and by means of ,him1 and only so4 ,let ,him withdraw from the space occupied by anything1 and it ceases to be4 ,let ,him withdraw any quality of ,his nature from anything1 and it ceases to be4 ,all must partake of ,him1 ,he dwelling in each1 and yet transcending all4 ,the failure of fanciful religion to become philosophy1 does not preclude philosophy from coinciding with true religion4 ,philosophy1 or rather its object1 the divine order of the ,universe1 is the intellectual guide which the religious sentiment needs2 while exploring the real relations of the finite1 it obtains a constantly improving and self-correcting measure of the perfect law of the ,gospel of ,love and ,liberty1 and a means of carrying into effect the spiritualism of revealed religion4 ,it establishes law1 by ascertaining its terms2 it guides the spirit to see its way to the amelioration of life and the increase of happiness4 ,while religion was stationary1 science could not walk alone2 when both are admitted to be progressive1 their interests and aims become identified4 ,aristotle began to show how religion may be founded on an intellectual basis2 but the basis he laid was too narrow4 ,bacon1 by giving to philosophy a definite aim and method1 gave it at the same time a safer and self-enlarging basis4 ,our position is that of intellectual beings surrounded by limitations2 and the latter being constant1 have to intelligence the practical value of laws1 in whose investigation and application consists that seemingly endless career of intellectual and moral progress which the sentiment of religion inspires and ennobles4 ,the title of ,saint has commonly been claimed for those whose boast it has been to despise philosophy yet faith will stumble and sentiment mislead1 unless knowledge be present1 in amount and quality sufficient to purify the one and to give beneficial direction to the other4 ,science consists of those matured inferences from experience which all other experience confirms4 ,it is no fixed system superior to revision1 but that progressive mediation between ignorance and wisdom in part conceived by ,plato1 whose immediate object is happiness1 and its impulse the highest kind of love4 ,science realizes and unites all that was truly valuable in both the old schemes of mediation2 the heroic1 or system of action and effort2 and the mystical theory of spiritual1 contemplative communion4 ,listen to me1 says ,galen1 as to the voice of the ,eleusinian ,hierophant1 and believe that the study of nature is a mystery no less important than theirs1 nor less adapted to display the wisdom and power of the ,great ,creator4 ,their lessons and demonstrations were obscure1 but ours are clear and unmistakable4 ,to science we owe it that no man is any longer entitled to consider himself the central point around which the whole ,universe of life and motion revolves--the immensely important individual for whose convenience and even luxurious ease and indulgence the whole ,universe was made4 ,on one side it has shown us an infinite ,universe of stars and suns and worlds at incalculable distances from each other1 in whose majestic and awful presence we sink and even our world sinks into insignificance2 while1 on the other side1 the microscope has placed us in communication with new worlds of organized livings beings1 gifted with senses1 nerves1 appetites1 and instincts1 in every tear and in every drop of putrid water4 ,thus science teaches us that we are but an infinitesimal portion of a great whole1 that stretches out on every side of us1 and above and below us1 infinite in its complications1 and which infinite wisdom alone can comprehend4 ,infinite wisdom has arranged the infinite succession of beings1 involving the necessity of birth1 decay1 and death1 and made the loftiest virtues possible by providing those conflicts1 reverses1 trials1 and hardships1 without which even their names could never have been invented4 ,knowledge is convertible into power1 and axioms into rules of utility and duty4 ,modern science is social and communicative4 ,it is moral as well as intellectual2 powerful1 yet pacific and disinterested2 binding man to man as well as to the ,universe2 filling up the details of obligation1 and cherishing impulses of virtue1 and1 by affording clear proof of the consistency and identity of all interests1 substituting co-operation for rivalry1 liberality for jealousy1 and tending far more powerfully than any other means to realize the spirit of religion1 by healing those inveterate disorders which1 traced to their real origin1 will be found rooted in an ignorant assumption as to the penurious severity of ,providence1 and the consequent greed of selfish men to confine what seemed as if extorted from it to themselves1 or to steal from each other rather than quietly to enjoy their own4 ,we shall probably never reach those higher forms containing the true differences of things1 involving the full discovery and correct expression of their very self or essence4 ,we shall ever fall short of the most general and most simple nature1 the ultimate or most comprehensive law4 ,our widest axioms explain many phenomena1 but so too in a degree did the principles or elements of the old philosophers1 and the cycles and epicycles of ancient astronomy4 ,we cannot in any case of causation assign the whole of the conditions1 nor though we may reproduce them in practice1 can we mentally distinguish them all1 without knowing the essences of the things including them2 and we therefore must not unconsciously ascribe that absolute certainty to axioms1 which the ancient religionists did to creeds1 nor allow the mind1 which ever strives to insulate itself and its acquisitions1 to forget the nature of the process by which it substituted scientific for common notions1 and so with one as with the other lay the basis of self-deception by a pedantic and superstitious employment of them4 ,doubt1 the essential preliminary of all improvement and discovery1 must accompany all the stages of man's onward progress4 ,his intellectual life is a perpetual beginning1 a preparation for a birth4 ,the faculty of doubting and questioning1 without which those of comparison and judgment would be useless1 is itself a divine prerogative of the reason4 ,knowledge is always imperfect1 or complete only in a prospectively boundless career1 in which discovery multiplies doubt1 and doubt leads on to new discovery4 ,the boast of science is not so much its manifested results1 as its admitted imperfection and capacity of unlimited progress4 ,the true religious philosophy of an imperfect being is not a system of creed1 but1 as ,socrates thought1 an infinite search or approximation4 ,finality is but another name for bewilderment or defeat4 ,science gratifies the religious feeling without arresting it1 and opens out the unfathomable mystery of the ,one ,supreme into more explicit and manageable ,forms1 which express not indeed ,his ,essence1 which is wholly beyond our reach and higher than our faculties can climb1 but ,his ,will1 and so feeds an endless enthusiasm by accumulating forever new objects of pursuit4 ,we have long experienced that knowledge is profitable1 we are beginning to find out that it is moral1 and we shall at last discover it to be religious4 ,god and truth are inseparable2 a knowledge of ,god is possession of the saving oracles of truth4 ,in proportion as the thought and purpose of the individual are trained to conformity with the rule of right prescribed by ,supreme ,intelligence1 so far is his happiness promoted1 and the purpose of his existence fulfilled4 ,in this way a new life arises in him2 he is no longer isolated1 but is a part of the eternal harmonies around him4 ,his erring will is directed by the influence of a higher will1 informing and moulding it in the path of his true happiness4 ,man's power of apprehending outward truth is a qualified privilege2 the mental like the physical inspiration passing through a diluted medium2 and yet1 even when truth1 imparted1 as it were1 by intuition1 has been specious1 or at least imperfect1 the intoxication of sudden discovery has ever claimed it as full1 infallible1 and divine4 ,and while human weakness needed ever to recur to the pure and perfect source1 the revelations once popularly accepted and valued assumed an independent substantiality1 perpetuating not themselves only1 but the whole mass of derivitive forms accidentally connected with them1 and legalized in their names4 ,the mists of error thickened under the shadows of prescription1 until the free light again broke in upon the night of ages1 redeeming the genuine treasure from the superstition which obstinately doted on its accessories4 ,even to the ,barbarian1 ,nature reveals a mighty power and a wondrous wisdom1 and continually points to ,god4 ,it is no wonder that men worshipped the several things of the world4 ,the world of matter is a revelation of fear to the savage in ,northern climes2 he trembles at his deity throned in ice and snow4 ,the lightning1 the storm1 the earthquake startle the rude man1 and he sees the divine in the extraordinary4 ,the grand objects of ,nature perpetually constrain men to think of their ,author4 ,the ,alps are the great altar of ,europe2 the nocturnal sky has been to mankind the dome of a temple1 starred all over with admonitions to reverence1 trust1 and love4 ,the ,scriptures for the human race are writ in earth and ,heaven4 ,no organ or miserere touches the heart like the sonorous swell of the sea or the ocean-wave's immeasurable laugh4 ,every year the old world puts on new bridal beauty1 and celebrates its ,whit-,sunday1 when in the sweet ,spring each bush and tree dons reverently its new glories4 ,autumn is a long ,all-,saints' day2 and the harvest is ,hallowmass to ,mankind4 ,before the human race marched down from the slopes of the ,himalayas to take possession of ,asia1 ,chaldea1 and ,egypt1 men marked each annual crisis1 the solstices and the equinoxes1 and celebrated religious festivals therein2 and even then1 and ever since1 the material was and has been the element of communion between man and ,god4 ,nature is full of religious lessons to a thoughtful man4 ,he dissolves the matter of the ,universe1 leaving only its forces2 he dissolves away the phenomena of human history1 leaving only immortal spirit2 he studies the law1 the mode of action of these forces and this spirit1 which make up the material and the human world1 and cannot fail to be filled with reverence1 with trust1 with boundless love of the ,infinite ,god1 who devised these laws of matter and of mind1 and thereby bears up this marvellous ,universe of things and men4 ,science has its ,new ,testament2 and the beatitudes of ,philosophy are profoundly touching4 ,an undevout astronomer is mad4 ,familiarity with the grass and the trees teaches us deeper lessons of love and trust than we can glean from the writings of ,fnlon and ,augustine4 ,the great ,bible of ,god is ever open before mankind4 ,the eternal flowers of ,heaven seem to shed sweet influence on the perishable blossoms of the earth4 ,the great sermon of ,jesus was preached on a mountain1 which preached to ,him as ,he did to the people1 and ,his figures of speech were first natural figures of fact4 ,if to-morrow ,i am to perish utterly1 then ,i shall only take counsel for to-day1 and ask for qualities which last no longer4 ,my fathers will be to me only as the ground out of which my bread-corn is grown2 dead1 they are but the rotten mould of earth1 their memory of small concern to me4 ,posterity6--,i shall care nothing for the future generations of mankind6 ,i am one atom in the trunk of a tree1 and care nothing for the roots below1 or the branch above1 ,i shall sow such seed only as will bear harvest to-day4 ,passion may enact my statutes to-day1 and ambition repeal them to-morrow4 ,i will know no other legislators4 ,morality will vanish1 and expediency take its place4 ,heroism will be gone2 and instead of it there will be the savage ferocity of the he-wolf1 the brute cunning of the she-fox1 the rapacity of the vulture1 and the headlong daring of the wild bull2 but no longer the cool1 calm courage that1 for truth's sake1 and for love's sake1 looks death firmly in the face1 and then wheels into line ready to be slain4 ,affection1 friendship1 philanthropy1 will be but the wild fancies of the monomaniac1 fit subjects for smiles or laughter or for pity4 ,but knowing that we shall live forever1 and that the ,infinite ,god loves all of us1 we can look on all the evils of the world1 and see that it is only the hour before sunrise1 and that the light is coming2 and so we also1 even we1 may light a little taper1 to illuminate the darkness while it lasts1 and help until the day-spring come4 ,eternal morning follows the night3 a rainbow scarfs the shoulders of every cloud that weeps its rain away to be flowers on land and pearls at sea3 ,life rises out of the grave1 the soul cannot be held by fettering flesh4 ,no dawn is hopeless2 and disaster is only the threshold of delight4 ,beautifully1 above the great wide chaos of human errors1 shines the calm1 clear light of natural human religion1 revealing to us ,god as the ,infinite ,parent of all1 perfectly powerful1 wise1 just1 loving1 and perfectly holy too4 ,beautiful around stretches off every way the ,universe1 the ,great ,bible of ,god4 ,material nature is its ,old ,testament1 millions of years old1 thick with eternal truths under our feet1 glittering with everlasting glories over our heads2 and ,human ,nature is the ,new ,testament from the ,infinite ,god1 every day revealing a new page as ,time turns over the leaves4 ,immortality stands waiting to give a recompense for every virtue not rewarded1 for every tear not wiped away1 for every sorrow undeserved1 for every prayer1 for every pure intention and emotion of the heart4 ,and over the whole1 over ,nature1 ,material and ,human1 over this ,mortal ,life and over the eternal ,past and ,future1 the infinite ,loving-kindness of ,god the ,father comes enfolding all and blessing everything that ever was1 that is1 that ever shall be4 ,everything is a thought of the ,infinite ,god4 ,nature is ,his prose1 and man ,his ,poetry4 ,there is no ,chance1 no ,fate2 but ,god's ,great ,providence1 enfolding the whole ,universe in its bosom1 and feeding it with everlasting life4 ,in times past there has been evil which we cannot understand2 now there are evils which we cannot solve1 nor make square with ,god's perfect goodness by any theory our feeble intellect enables us to frame4 ,there are sufferings1 follies1 and sins for all mankind1 for every nation1 for every man and every woman4 ,they were all foreseen by the infinite wisdom of ,god1 all provided for by ,his infinite power and justice1 and all are consistent with ,his infinite love4 ,to believe otherwise would be to believe that ,he made the world1 to amuse ,his idle hours with the follies and agonies of mankind1 as ,domitian was wont to do with the wrigglings and contortions of insect agonies4 ,then indeed we might despairingly unite in that horrible utterance of ,heine3 ,alas1 ,god's ,satire weighs heavily on me6 ,the ,great ,author of the ,universe1 the ,aristophanes of ,heaven1 is bent on demonstrating1 with crushing force1 to me1 the little1 earthly1 ,german ,aristophanes1 how my wittiest sarcasms are only pitiful attempts at jesting1 in comparison with ,his1 and how miserably ,i am beneath ,him1 in humor1 in colossal mockery4 ,no1 no6 ,god is not thus amused with and prodigal of human suffering4 ,the world is neither a ,here without a ,hereafter1 a body without a soul1 a chaos with no ,god2 nor a body blasted by a soul1 a ,here with a worse ,hereafter1 a world with a ,god that hates more than half the creatures ,he has made4 ,there is no ,savage1 ,revengeful1 and ,evil ,god3 but there is an ,infinite ,god1 seen everywhere as ,perfect ,cause1 everywhere as ,perfect ,providence1 transcending all1 yet in-dwelling everywhere1 with perfect power1 wisdom1 justice1 holiness1 and love1 providing for the future welfare of each and all1 foreseeing and forecaring for every bubble that breaks on the great stream of human life and human history4 ,the end of man and the object of existence in this world1 being not only happiness1 but happiness in virtue and through virtue1 virtue in this world is the condition of happiness in another life1 and the condition of virtue in this world is suffering1 more or less frequent1 briefer or longer continued1 more or less intense4 ,take away suffering1 and there is no longer any resignation or humanity1 no more self-sacrifice1 no more devotedness1 no more heroic virtues1 no more sublime morality4 ,we are subjected to suffering1 both because we are sensible1 and because we ought to be virtuous4 ,if there were no physical evil1 there would be no possible virtue1 and the world would be badly adapted to the destiny of man4 ,the apparent disorders of the physical world1 and the evils that result from them1 are not disorders and evils that occur despite the power and goodness of ,god4 ,god not only allows1 but wills them4 ,it is ,his will that there shall be in the physical world causes enough of pain for man1 to afford him occasions for resignation and courage4 ,whatever is favorable to virtue1 whatever gives the moral liberty more energy1 whatever can serve the greater moral development of the human race1 is good4 ,suffering is not the worst condition of man on earth4 ,the worst condition is the moral brutalization which the absence of physical evil would engender4 ,external or internal physical evil connects itself with the object of existence1 which is to accomplish the moral law here below1 whatever the consequences1 with the firm hope that virtue unfortunate will not fail to be rewarded in another life4 ,the moral law has its sanction and its reason in itself4 ,it owes nothing to that law of merit and demerit that accompanies it1 but is not its basis4 ,but1 though the principle of merit and demerit ought not to be the determining principle of virtuous action1 it powerfully concurs with the moral law1 because it offers virtue a legitimate ground of consolation and hope4 ,morality is the recognition of duty1 as duty1 and its accomplishment1 whatever the consequences4 ,religion is the recognition of duty in its necessary harmony with goodness2 a harmony that must have its realization in another life1 through the justice and omnipotence of ,god4 ,religion is as true as morality2 for once morality is admitted1 its consequences must be admitted4 ,the whole moral existence is included in these two words1 harmonious with each other3 ,,duty and ,,hope4 ,masonry teaches that ,god is infinitely good4 ,what motive1 what reason1 and1 morally speaking1 what possibility can there be to ,infinite ,power and ,infinite ,wisdom1 to be anything but good8 ,our very sorrows1 proclaiming the loss of objects inexpressibly dear to us1 demonstrate ,his ,goodness4 ,the ,being that made us intelligent cannot ,himself be without intelligence2 and ,he ,who has made us so to love and to sorrow for what we love1 must number love for the creatures ,he has made1 among ,his infinite attributes4 ,amid all our sorrows1 we take refuge in the assurance that ,he loves us2 that ,he does not capriciously1 or through indifference1 and still less in mere anger1 grieve and afflict us2 that ,he chastens us1 in order that by ,his chastisements1 which are by ,his universal law only the consequences of our acts1 we may be profited2 and that ,he could not show so much love for ,his creatures1 by leaving them unchastened1 untried1 undisciplined4 ,we have faith in the ,infinite2 faith in ,god's ,infinite ,love2 and it is that faith that must save us4 ,no dispensations of ,god's ,providence1 no suffering or bereavement is a messenger of wrath3 none of its circumstances are indications of ,god's ,anger4 ,he is incapable of ,anger2 higher above any such feelings than the distant stars are above the earth4 ,bad men do not die because ,god hates them4 ,they die because it is best for them that they should do so2 and1 bad as they are1 it is better for them to be in the hands of the infinitely good ,god1 than anywhere else4 ,darkness and gloom lie upon the paths of men4 ,they stumble at difficulties1 are ensnared by temptations1 and perplexed by trouble4 ,they are anxious1 and troubled1 and fearful4 ,pain and affliction and sorrow often gather around the steps of their earthly pilgrimage4 ,all this is written indelibly upon the tablets of the human heart4 ,it is not to be erased2 but ,masonry sees and reads it in a new light4 ,it does not expect these ills and trials and sufferings to be removed from life2 but that the great truth will at some time be believed by all men1 that they are the means1 selected by infinite wisdom1 to purify the heart1 and to invigorate the soul whose inheritance is immortality1 and the world its school4 ,masonry propagates no creed except its own most simple and ,sublime ,one2 that universal religion1 taught by ,nature and by ,reason4 ,its ,lodges are neither ,jewish1 ,moslem1 nor ,christian ,temples4 ,it reiterates the precepts of morality of all religions4 ,it venerates the character and commends the teachings of the great and good of all ages and of all countries4 ,it extracts the good and not the evil1 the truth1 and not the error1 from all creeds2 and acknowledges that there is much which is good and true in all4 ,above all the other great teachers of morality and virtue1 it reveres the character of the ,great ,master ,who1 submissive to the will of ,his and our ,father1 died upon the ,cross4 ,all must admit1 that if the world were filled with beings like ,him1 the great ills of society would be at once relieved4 ,for all coercion1 injury1 selfishness1 and revenge1 and all the wrongs and the greatest sufferings of life1 would disappear at once4 ,these human years would be happy2 and the eternal ages would roll on in brightness and beauty2 and the still1 sad music of ,humanity1 that sounds through the world1 now in the accents of grief1 and now in pensive melancholy1 would change to anthems1 sounding to the ,march of ,time1 and bursting out from the heart of the world4 ,if every man were a perfect imitator of that ,great1 ,wise1 ,good ,teacher1 clothed with all ,his faith and all ,his virtues1 how the circle of ,life's ills and trials would be narrowed6 ,the sensual passions would assail the heart in vain4 ,want would no longer successfully tempt men to act wrongly1 nor curiosity to do rashly4 ,ambition1 spreading before men its ,kingdoms and its ,thrones1 and offices and honors1 would cause none to swerve from their great allegiance4 ,injury and insult would be shamed by forgiveness4 ,father1 men would say1 forgive them2 for they know not what they do4 ,none would seek to be enriched at another's loss or expense4 ,every man would feel that the whole human race were his brothers4 ,all sorrow and pain and anguish would be soothed by a perfect faith and an entire trust in the ,infinite ,goodness of ,god4 ,the world around us would be new1 and the ,heavens above us2 for here1 and there1 and everywhere1 through all the ample glories and splendors of the ,universe1 all men would recognize and feel the presence and the beneficent care of a loving ,father4 ,however the ,mason may believe as to creeds1 and churches1 and miracles1 and missions from ,heaven1 he must admit that the ,life and character of ,him who taught in ,galilee1 and fragments of ,whose teachings have come down to us1 are worthy of all imitation4 ,that ,life is an undenied and undeniable ,gospel4 ,its teachings cannot be passed by and discarded4 ,all must admit that it would be happiness to follow and perfection to imitate ,him4 ,none ever felt for ,him a sincere emotion of contempt1 nor in anger accused ,him of sophistry1 nor saw immorality lurking in ,his doctrines2 however they may judge of those who succeeded ,him1 and claimed to be ,his apostles4 ,divine or human1 inspired or only a reforming ,essene1 it must be agreed that ,his teachings are far nobler1 far purer1 far less alloyed with error and imperfection1 far less of the earth earthly1 than those of ,socrates1 ,plato1 ,seneca1 or ,mahomet1 or any other of the great moralists and ,reformers of the world4 ,if our aims went as completely as ,his beyond personal care and selfish gratification2 if our thoughts and words and actions were as entirely employed upon the great work of benefiting our kind--the true work which we have been placed here to do--as ,his were2 if our nature were as gentle and as tender as ,his2 and if society1 country1 kindred1 friendship1 and home were as dear to us as they were to ,him1 we should be at once relieved of more than half the difficulties and the diseased and painful affections of our lives4 ,simple obedience to rectitude1 instead of self-interest2 simple self-culture and self-improvement1 instead of constant cultivation of the good opinion of others2 single-hearted aims and purposes1 instead of improper objects1 sought and approached by devious and crooked ways1 would free our meditations of many disturbing and irritating questions4 ,not to renounce the nobler and better affections of our natures1 nor happiness1 nor our just dues of love and honor from men2 not to vilify ourselves1 nor to renounce our self-respect1 nor a just and reasonable sense of our merits and deserts1 nor our own righteousness of virtue1 does ,masonry require1 nor would our imitation of ,him require2 but to renounce our vices1 our faults1 our passions1 our self-flattering delusions2 to forego all outward advantages1 which are to be gained only through a sacrifice of our inward integrity1 or by anxious and petty contrivances and appliances2 to choose and keep the better part2 to secure that1 and let the worst take care of itself2 to keep a good conscience1 and let opinion come and go as it will2 to retain a lofty self-respect1 and let low self-indulgence go2 to keep inward happiness1 and let outward advantages hold a subordinate place2 to renounce our selfishness1 and that eternal anxiety as to what we are to have1 and what men think of us2 and be content with the plenitude of ,god's great mercies1 and so to be happy4 ,for it is the inordinate devotion to self1 and consideration of self1 that is ever a stumbling-block in the way2 that spreads questions1 snares1 and difficulties around us1 darkens the way of ,providence1 and makes the world a far less happy one to us than it might be4 ,as ,he taught1 so ,masonry teaches1 affection to our kindred1 tenderness to our friends1 gentleness and forbearance toward our inferiors1 pity for the suffering1 forgiveness of our enemies2 and to wear an affectionate nature and gentle disposition as the garment of our life1 investing pain1 and toil1 and agony1 and even death1 with a serene and holy beauty4 ,it does not teach us to wrap ourselves in the garments of reserve and pride1 to care nothing for the world because it cares nothing for us1 to withdraw our thoughts from society because it does us not justice1 and see how patiently we can live within the confines of our own bosoms1 or in quiet communion1 through books1 with the mighty dead4 ,no man ever found peace or light in that way4 ,every relation1 of hate1 scorn1 or neglect1 to mankind1 is full of vexation and torment4 ,there is nothing to do with men but to love them1 to admire their virtues1 pity and bear with their faults1 and forgive their injuries4 ,to hate your adversary will not help you2 to kill him will help you still less3 nothing within the compass of the ,universe will help you1 but to pity1 forgive1 and love him4 ,if we possessed ,his gentle and affectionate disposition1 ,his love and compassion for all that err and all that offend1 how many difficulties1 both within and without us1 would they relieve6 ,how many depressed minds should we console6 ,how many troubles in society should we compose6 ,how many enmities soften6 ,how many a knot of mystery and misunderstanding would be untied by a single word1 spoken in simple and confiding truth6 ,how many a rough path would be made smooth1 and how many a crooked path be made straight6 ,very many places1 now solitary1 would be made glad2 very many dark places be filled with light4 ,morality has its axioms1 like the other sciences2 and these axioms are1 in all languages1 justly termed moral truths4 ,moral truths1 considered in themselves1 are equally as certain as mathematical truths4 ,given the idea of a deposit1 the idea of keeping it faithfully is attached to it as necessarily1 as to the idea of a triangle is attached the idea that its three angles are equal to two right angles4 ,you may violate a deposit2 but in doing so1 do not imagine that you change the nature of things1 or make what is in itself a deposit become your own property4 ,the two ideas exclude each other4 ,you have but a false semblance of property3 and all the efforts of the passions1 all the sophisms of interest1 will not overturn essential differences4 ,therefore it is that a moral truth is so imperious2 because1 like all truth1 it is what it is1 and shapes itself to please no caprice4 ,always the same1 and always present1 little as we may like it1 it inexorably condemns1 with a voice always heard1 but not always regarded1 the insensate and guilty will which thinks to prevent its existing1 by denying1 or rather by pretending to deny1 its existence4 ,the moral truths are distinguished from other truths by this singular characteristic3 so soon as we perceive them1 they appear to us as the rule of our conduct4 ,if it is true that a deposit is made in order to be returned to its legitimate possessor1 it must be returned4 ,to the necessity of believing the truth1 the necessity of practising it is added4 ,the necessity of practising the moral truths is obligation4 ,the moral truths1 necessary to the eye of reason1 are obligatory on the will4 ,the moral obligation1 like the moral truth which is its basis1 is absolute4 ,as necessary truths are not more or less necessary1 so obligation is not more or less obligatory4 ,there are degrees of importance among different obligations2 but there are no degrees in the obligation itself4 ,one is not nearly obliged1 almost obliged2 but wholly so1 or not at all4 ,if there be any place of refuge against the obligation1 it ceases to exist4 ,if the obligation is absolute1 it is immutable and universal4 ,for if what is obligation to-day may not be so to-morrow1 if what is obligatory for me may not be so for you1 the obligation differing from itself1 it would be relative and contingent4 ,this fact of absolute1 immutable1 universal obligation is certain and manifest4 ,the good is the foundation of obligation4 ,if it be not1 obligation has no foundation2 and that is impossible4 ,if one act ought to be done1 and another ought not1 it must be because evidently there is an essential difference between the two acts4 ,if one be not good and the other bad1 the obligation imposed on us is arbitrary4 ,to make the ,good a consequence1 of anything whatever1 is to annihilate it4 ,it is the first1 or it is nothing4 ,when we ask an honest man why1 despite his urgent necessities1 he has respected the sanctity of a deposit1 he answers1 because it was his duty4 ,asked why it was his duty1 he answers1 because it was right1 was just1 was good4 ,beyond that there is no answer to be made1 but there is also no question to be asked4 ,no one permits a duty to be imposed on him without giving himself a reason for it3 but when it is admitted that the duty is commanded by justice1 the mind is satisfied2 for it has arrived at a principle beyond which there is nothing to seek1 justice being its own principle4 ,the primary truths include their own reason3 and justice1 the essential distinction between good and evil1 is the first truth of morality4 ,justice is not a consequence2 because we cannot ascend to any principle above it4 ,moral truth forces itself on man1 and does not emanate from him4 ,it no more becomes subjective1 by appearing to us obligatory1 than truth does by appearing to us necessary4 ,it is in the very nature of the true and the good that we must seek for the reason of necessity and obligation4 ,obligation is founded on the necessary distinction between the good and the evil2 and it is itself the foundation of liberty4 ,if man has his duties to perform1 he must have the faculty of accomplishing them1 of resisting desire1 passion1 and interest1 in order to obey the law4 ,he must be free2 therefore he is so1 or human nature is in contradiction with itself4 ,the certainty of the obligation involves the corresponding certainty of free will4 ,it is the will that is free3 though sometimes that will may be ineffectual4 ,the power to do must not be confounded with the power to will4 ,the former may be limited3 the latter is sovereign4 ,the external effects may be prevented3 the resolution itself cannot4 ,of this sovereign power of the will we are conscious4 ,we feel in ourselves1 before it becomes determinate1 the force which can determine itself in one way or another4 ,at the same time when ,i will this or that1 ,i am equally conscious that ,i can will the contrary4 ,i am conscious that ,i am the master of my resolution3 that ,i may check it1 continue it1 retake it4 ,when the act has ceased1 the consciousness of the power which produced it has not4 ,that consciousness and the power remain1 superior to all the manifestations of the power4 ,wherefore free-will is the essential and ever-subsisting attribute of the will itself4 ,at the same time that we judge that a free agent has done a good or a bad act1 we form another judgment1 as necessary as the first2 that if he has done well1 he deserves compensation2 if ill1 punishment4 ,that judgment may be expressed in a manner more or less vivid1 according as it is mingled with sentiments more or less ardent4 ,sometimes it will be a merely kind feeling toward a virtuous agent1 and moderately hostile to a guilty one2 sometimes enthusiasm or indignation4 ,the judgment of merit and demerit is intimately connected with the judgment of good and evil4 ,merit is the natural right which we have to be rewarded2 demerit the natural right which others have to punish us4 ,but whether the reward is received1 or the punishment undergone1 or not1 the merit or demerit equally subsists4 ,punishment and reward are the satisfaction of merit and demerit1 but do not constitute them4 ,take away the former1 and the latter continue4 ,take away the latter1 and there are no longer real rewards or punishments4 ,when a base man encompasses our merited honors1 he has obtained but the mere appearance of a reward2 a mere material advantage4 ,the reward is essentially moral2 and its value is independent of its form4 ,one of those simple crowns of oak with which the early ,romans rewarded heroism1 was of more real value than all the wealth of the world1 when it was the sign of the gratitude and admiration of a people4 ,reward accorded to merit is a debt2 without merit it is an alms or a theft4 ,the ,good is good in itself1 and to be accomplished1 whatever the consequences4 ,the results of the ,good cannot but be fortunate4 ,happiness1 separated from the ,good1 is but a fact to which no moral idea is attached4 ,as an effect of the ,good1 it enters into the moral order1 completes and crowns it4 ,virtue without happiness1 and crime without misery1 is a contradiction and disorder4 ,if virtue suppose sacrifice 7that is1 suffering71 eternal justice requires that sacrifice generously accepted and courageously borne1 shall have for its reward the same happiness that was sacrificed3 and it also requires that crime shall be punished with unhappiness1 for the guilty happiness which it attempted to procure4 ,this law that attaches pleasure and sorrow to the good and the evil1 is1 in general1 accomplished even here below4 ,for order rules in the world2 because the world lasts4 ,is that order sometimes disturbed8 ,are happiness and sorrow not always distributed in legitimate proportion to crime and virtue8 ,the absolute judgment of the ,good1 the absolute judgment of obligation1 the absolute judgment of merit and demerit1 continue to subsist1 inviolable and imprescriptible2 and we cannot help but believe that ,he ,who has implanted in us the sentiment and idea of order1 cannot therein ,himself be wanting2 and that ,he will1 sooner or later1 reestablish the holy harmony of virtue and happiness1 by means belonging to ,himself4 ,the ,judgment of the ,good1 the decision that such a thing is good1 and that such another is not1--this is the primitive fact1 and reposes on itself4 ,by its intimate resemblances to the judgment of the true and the beautiful1 it shows us the secret affinities of morality1 metaphysics1 and aesthetics4 ,the good1 so especially united to the true1 is distinguished from it1 only because it is truth put in practice4 ,the good is obligatory4 ,these are two indivisible but not identical ideas4 ,the idea of obligation reposes on the idea of the ,good4 ,in this intimate alliance1 the former borrows from the latter its universal and absolute character4 ,the obligatory good is the moral law4 ,that is the foundation of all morality4 ,by it we separate ourselves from the morality of interest and the morality of sentiment4 ,we admit the existence of those facts1 and their influence2 but we do not assign them the same rank4 ,to the moral law1 in the reason of man1 corresponds liberty in action4 ,liberty is deduced from obligation1 and is a fact irresistibly evident4 ,man1 as free1 and subject to obligation1 is a moral person2 and that involves the idea of rights4 ,to these ideas is added that of merit and demerit2 which supposes the distinction between good and evil1 obligation and liberty2 and creates the idea of reward and punishment4 ,the sentiments play no unimportant part in morality4 ,all the moral judgments are accompanied by sentiments that respond to them4 ,from the secret sources of enthusiasm the human will draws the mysterious virtue that makes heroes4 ,truth enlightens and illumines4 ,sentiment warms and inclines to action4 ,interest also bears its part2 and the hope of happiness is the work of ,god1 and one of the motive powers of human action4 ,such is the admirable economy of the moral constitution of man4 ,his ,supreme ,object1 the ,good3 his law1 ,virtue1 which often imposes upon him suffering1 thus making him to excel all other created beings known to us4 ,but this law is harsh1 and in contradiction with the instinctive desire for happiness4 ,wherefore the ,beneficent ,author of his being has placed in his soul1 by the side of the severe law of duty1 the sweet1 delightful force of sentiment4 ,generally he attaches happiness to virtue2 and for the exceptions1 for such there are1 he has placed ,hope at the end of the journey to be travelled4 ,thus there is a side on which morality touches religion4 ,it is a sublime necessity of ,humanity to see in ,god the ,legislator supremely wise1 the ,witness always present1 the infallible ,judge of virtue4 ,the human mind1 ever climbing up to ,god1 would deem the foundations of morality too unstable1 if it did not place in ,god the first principle of the moral law4 ,wishing to give to the moral law a religious character1 we run the risk of taking from it its moral character4 ,we may refer it so entirely to ,god as to make ,his will an arbitrary degree4 ,but the will of ,god1 whence we deduce morality1 in order to give it authority1 itself has no moral authority1 except as it is just4 ,the ,good comes from the will of ,god alone2 but from ,his will1 in so far as it is the expression of ,his wisdom and justice4 ,the ,eternal ,justice of ,god is the sole foundation of ,justice1 such as ,humanity perceives and practises it4 ,the ,good1 duty1 merit and demerit1 are referred to ,god1 as everything is referred to ,him2 but they have none the less a proper evidence and authority4 ,religion is the crown of ,morality1 not its base4 ,the base of ,morality is in itself4 ,the ,moral ,code of ,masonry is still more extensive than that developed by philosophy4 ,to the requisitions of the law of ,nature and the law of ,god1 it adds the imperative obligation of a contract4 ,upon entering the ,order1 the ,initiate binds to himself every ,mason in the world4 ,once enrolled among the children of ,light1 every ,mason on earth becomes his brother1 and owes him the duties1 the kindnesses1 and the sympathies of a brother4 ,on every one he may call for assistance in need1 protection against danger1 sympathy in sorrow1 attention in sickness1 and decent burial after death4 ,there is not a ,mason in the world who is not bound to go to his relief1 when he is in danger1 if there be a greater probability of saving his life than of losing his own4 ,no ,mason can wrong him to the value of anything1 knowingly1 himself1 nor suffer it to be done by others1 if it be in his power to prevent it4 ,no ,mason can speak evil of him1 to his face or behind his back4 ,every ,mason must keep his lawful secrets1 and aid him in his business1 defend his character when unjustly assailed1 and protect1 counsel1 and assist his widow and his orphans4 ,what so many thousands owe to him1 he owes to each of them4 ,he has solemnly bound himself to be ever ready to discharge this sacred debt4 ,if he fails to do it he is dishonest and forsworn2 and it is an unparalleled meanness in him to obtain good offices by false pretences1 to receive kindness and service1 rendered him under the confident expectation that he will in his turn render the same1 and then to disappoint1 without ample reason1 that just expectation4 ,masonry holds him also1 by his solemn promise1 to a purer life1 a nobler generosity1 a more perfect charity of opinion and action2 to be tolerant1 catholic in his love for his race1 ardent in his zeal for the interest of mankind1 the advancement and progress of humanity4 ,such are1 we think1 the ,philosophy and the ,morality1 such the ,,true ,,word of a ,master ,mason4 ,the world1 the ancients believed1 was governed by ,seven ,secondary ,causes2 and these were the universal forces1 known to the ,hebrews by the plural name ,,elohim4 ,these forces1 analogous and contrary one to the other1 produce equilibrium by their contrasts1 and regulate the movements of the spheres4 ,the ,hebrews called them the ,seven great ,archangels1 and gave them names1 each of which1 being a combination of another word with ,,al1 the first ,phnician ,nature-,god1 considered as the ,principle of ,light1 represented them as ,his manifestations4 ,other peoples assigned to these ,spirits the government of the ,seven ,planets then known1 and gave them the names of their great divinities4 ,so1 in the ,kabala1 the last ,seven ,sephiroth constituted ,,atik ,,yomin1 the ,ancient of ,days2 and these1 as well as the ,seven planets1 correspond with the ,seven colors separated by the prism1 and the ,seven notes of the musical octave4 ,seven is the sacred number in all theogonies and all symbols1 because it is composed of #c and #d4 ,it represents the magical power in its full force4 ,it is the ,spirit assisted by all the ,elementary ,powers1 the ,soul served by ,nature1 the ,holy ,empire spoken of in the clavicules of ,solomon1 symbolized by a warrior1 crowned1 bearing a triangle on his cuirass1 and standing on a cube1 to which are harnessed two ,sphinxes1 one white and the other black1 pulling contrary ways1 and turning the head to look backward4 ,the vices are ,seven1 like the virtues2 and the latter were anciently symbolized by the ,seven ,celestial bodies then known as planets4 ,,faith1 as the converse of arrogant ,confidence1 was represented by the ,sun2 ,,hope1 enemy of ,avarice1 by the ,moon2 ,,charity1 opposed to ,luxury1 by ,venus2 ,,force1 stronger than ,rage1 by ,mars2 ,,prudence1 the opposite of ,indolence1 by ,mercury2 ,,temperance1 the antipodes of ,gluttony1 by ,saturn2 and ,,justice1 the opposite of ,envy1 by ,jupiter4 ,the ,kabalistic book of the ,apocalypse is represented as closed with ,seven ,seals4 ,in it we find the ,seven genii of the ,ancient ,mythologies2 and the doctrine concealed under its emblems is the pure ,kabala1 already lost by the ,pharisees at the advent of the ,saviour4 ,the pictures that follow in this wondrous epic are so many pantacles1 of which the numbers #c1 #d1 #g1 and #ab are the keys4 ,the ,cherub1 or symbolic bull1 which ,moses places at the gate of the ,edenic world1 holding a blazing sword1 is a ,sphinx1 with the body of a bull and a human head2 the old ,assyrian ,sphinx whereof the combat and victory of ,mithras were the hieroglyphic analysis4 ,this armed ,sphinx represents the law of the ,mystery1 which keeps watch at the door of initiation1 to repulse the ,profane4 ,it also represents the grand ,magical ,mystery1 all the elements whereof the number #g expresses1 still without giving its last word4 ,this unspeakable word of the ,sages of the school of ,alexandria1 this word1 which the ,hebrew ,kabalists wrote ,,ihuh1 and translated by 1 ,,ararita1 so expressing the threefoldness of the ,secondary ,principle1 the dualism of the middle ones1 and the ,unity as well of the first ,principle as of the end2 and also the junction of the number #c with the number #d in a word composed of four letters1 but formed of seven by one triplicate and two repeated1--this word is pronounced ,ararita4 ,the vowels in the ,greek language are also ,seven in number1 and were used to designate the ,seven planets4 ,tsadok or ,sydyc was the ,supreme ,god in ,phnicia4 ,his ,seven ,sons were probably the ,seven ,cabiri2 and he was the ,heptaktis1 the ,god of ,seven ,rays4 ,kronos1 the ,greek ,saturn1 ,philo makes ,sanchoniathon say1 had six sons1 and by ,astarte ,seven daughters1 the ,titanides4 ,the ,persians adored ,ahura ,masda or ,ormuzd and the ,six ,amshaspands1 the first three of whom were ,lords of the ,empires of ,light1 ,fire1 and ,splendor2 the ,babylonians1 ,bal and the ,gods2 the ,chinese1 ,shangti1 and the ,six ,chief ,spirits2 and the ,greeks1 ,kronos1 and the ,six great ,male ,gods1 his progeny1 ,zeus1 ,poseidon1 ,apollo1 ,ars1 ,hphaistos1 and ,hermes2 while the female deities were also ,seven3 ,rhea1 wife of ,kronos1 ,hr1 ,athn1 ,artemis1 ,aphrodite1 ,hestia1 and ,dmti4 ,in the ,orphic ,theogony1 ,gaia produced the fourteen ,titans1 ,seven male and ,seven female1 ,kronos being the most potent of the males2 and as the number ,seven appears in these1 nine by threes1 or the triple triangle1 is found in the three ,mra or ,fates1 the three ,centimans1 and the three ,cyclops1 offspring of ,ouranos and ,gaia1 or ,heaven and ,earth4 ,the metals1 like the colors1 were deemed to be ,seven in number1 and a metal and color were assigned to each planet4 ,of the metals1 gold was assigned to the ,sun and silver to the ,moon4 ,the palace of ,deioces in ,echatana had ,seven circular walls of different colors1 the two innermost having their battlements covered respectively with silvering and gilding4 ,and the ,seven ,spheres of ,borsippa were represented by the ,seven ,stories1 each of a different color1 of the tower or truncated pyramid of ,bel at ,babylon4 ,pharaoh saw in his dream1 which ,joseph interpreted1 ,seven ears of wheat on one stalk1 full and good1 and after them ,seven ears1 withered1 thin1 and blasted with the ,east wind2 and the ,seven thin ears devoured the ,seven good ears2 and ,joseph interpreted these to mean ,seven years of plenty succeeded by ,seven years of famine4 ,connected with this ,ebn ,hesham relates that a flood of rain laid bare to view a sepulchre in ,yemen1 in which lay a woman having on her neck ,seven collars of pearls1 and on her hands and feet bracelets and ankle-rings and armlets1 ,seven on each1 with an inscription on a tablet showing that1 after attempting in vain to purchase grain of ,joseph1 she1 ,tajah1 daughter of ,dzu ,shefar1 and her people1 died of famine4 ,hear again the words of an adept1 who had profoundly studied the mysteries of science1 and wrote1 as the ,ancient ,oracles spoke1 in enigmas2 but who knew that the theory of mechanical forces and of the materiality of the most potent agents of ,divinity1 explains nothing1 and ought to satisfy no one6 ,through the veil of all the hieratic and mystic allegories of the ancient dogmas1 under the seal of all the sacred writings1 in the ruins of ,nineveh or ,thebes1 on the worn stones of the ancient temples1 and on the blackened face of the sphinx of ,assyria or ,egypt1 in the monstrous or marvellous pictures which the sacred pages of the ,vedas translate for the believers of ,india1 in the strange emblems of our old books of alchemy1 in the ceremonies of reception practised by all the mysterious ,societies1 we find the traces of a doctrine1 everywhere the same1 and everywhere carefully concealed4 ,the occult philosophy seems to have been the nurse or the godmother of all religions1 the secret lever of all the intellectual forces1 the key of all divine obscurities1 and the absolute ,queen of ,society1 in the ages when it was exclusively reserved for the education of the ,priests and ,kings4 ,it had reigned in ,persia with the ,magi1 who perished one day1 as the masters of the world had perished1 for having abused their power4 ,it had endowed ,india with the most marvellous traditions1 and an incredible luxury of poetry1 grace1 and terror in its emblems3 it had civilized ,greece by the sounds of the lyre of ,orpheus3 it hid the principles of all the sciences1 and of the whole progression of the human spirit1 in the audacious calculations of ,pythagoras3 fable teemed with its miracles2 and history1 when it undertook to judge of this unknown power1 confounded itself with fable3 it shook or enfeebled empires by its oracles2 made tyrants turn pale on their thrones1 and ruled over all minds by means of curiosity or fear4 ,to this science1 said the crowd1 nothing is impossible2 it commands the elements1 knows the language of the planets1 and controls the movements of the stars2 the moon1 at its voice1 falls1 reeking with blood1 from ,heaven2 the dead rise upright on their graves1 and shape into fatal words the wind that breathes through their skulls4 ,controller of ,love or ,hate1 this science can at pleasure confer on human hearts ,paradise or ,hell3 it disposes at will of all forms1 and distributes beauty or deformity as it pleases3 it changes in turn1 with the rod of ,circe1 men into brutes and animals into men3 it even disposes of ,life or of ,death1 and can bestow on its adepts riches by the transmutation of metals1 and immortality by its quintessence and elixir1 compounded of gold and light4 ,this is what magic had been1 from ,zoroaster to ,manes1 from ,orpheus to ,apollonius ,thyaneus2 when positive ,christianity1 triumphing over the splendid dreams and gigantic aspirations of the school of ,alexandria1 publicly crushed this philosophy with its anathemas1 and compelled it to become more occult and more mysterious than ever4 ,at the bottom of magic1 nevertheless1 was science1 as at the bottom of ,christianity there was love2 and in the ,evangelic ,symbols we see the incarnate ,,word adored in its infancy by three magi whom a star guides 7the ternary and the sign of the microcosm71 and receiving from them gold1 frankincense1 and myrrh2 another mysterious ternary1 under the emblem whereof are allegorically contained the highest secrets of the ,kabala4 ,christianity should not have hated magic2 but human ignorance always fears the unknown4 ,science was obliged to conceal itself1 to avoid the impassioned aggressions of a blind love4 ,it enveloped itself in new hieroglyphs1 concealed its efforts1 disguised its hopes4 ,then was created the jargon of alchemy1 a continual deception for the vulgar herd1 greedy of gold1 and a living language for the true disciples of ,hermes alone4 ,resorting to ,masonry1 the alchemists there invented ,degrees1 and partly unveiled their doctrine to their ,initiates2 not by the language of their receptions1 but by oral instruction afterward2 for their rituals1 to one who has not the key1 are but incomprehensible and absurd jargon4 ,among the sacred books of the ,christians are two works which the infallible church does not pretend to understand1 and never attempts to explain1--the prophecy of ,ezekiel and the ,apocalypse2 two cabalistic clavicules1 reserved1 no doubt1 in ,heaven1 for the exposition of the ,magian kings2 closed with ,seven seals for all faithful believers2 and perfectly clear to the unbeliever initiated in the occult sciences4 ,for ,christians1 and in their opinion1 the scientific and magical clavicules of ,solomon are lost4 ,nevertheless1 it is certain that1 in the domain of intelligence governed by the ,,word1 nothing that is written is lost4 ,only those things which men cease to understand no longer exist for them1 at least as ,,word2 then they enter into the domain of enigmas and mystery4 ,the mysterious founder of the ,christian ,church was saluted in ,his cradle by the three ,magi1 that is to say by the hieratic ambassadors from the three parts of the known world1 and from the three analogical worlds of the occult philosophy4 ,in the school of ,alexandria1 ,magic and ,christianity almost take each other by the hand under the auspices of ,ammonius ,saccos and ,plato4 ,the dogma of ,hermes is found almost entire in the writings attributed to ,dionysius the ,areopagite4 ,synesius traces the plan of a treatise on dreams1 which was subsequently to be commented on by ,cardan1 and composes hymns which might serve for the liturgy of the ,church of ,swedenborg1 if a church of illuminati could have a liturgy4 ,to this epoch of ardent abstractions and impassioned logomachies belongs the philosophical reign of ,julian1 an illuminatus and ,initiate of the first order1 who believed in the unity of ,god and the universal ,dogma of the ,trinity1 and regretted the loss of nothing of the old world but its magnificent symbols and too graceful images4 ,he was no ,pagan1 but a ,gnostic1 infected with the allegories of ,grecian polytheism1 and whose misfortune it was to find the name of ,jesus ,christ less sonorous than that of ,orpheus4 ,we may be sure that so soon as ,religion and ,philosophy become distinct departments1 the mental activity of the age is in advance of its ,faith2 and that1 though habit may sustain the latter for a time1 its vitality is gone4 ,the dunces who led primitive ,christianity astray1 by substituting faith for science1 reverie for experience1 the fantastic for the reality2 and the inquisitors who for so many ages waged against ,magism a war of extermination1 have succeeded in shrouding in darkness the ancient discoveries of the human mind2 so that we now grope in the dark to find again the key of the phenomena of nature4 ,but all natural phenomena depend on a single and immutable law1 represented by the philosophal stone and its symbolic form1 which is that of a cube4 ,this law1 expressed in the ,kabala by the number #d1 furnished the ,hebrews with all the mysteries of their divine ,tetragram4 ,everything is contained in that word of four letters4 ,it is the ,asot of the ,alchemists1 the ,thot of the ,bohemians1 the ,taro of the ,kabalists4 ,it supplies to the ,adept the last word of the human ,sciences1 and the ,key of the ,divine ,power3 but he alone understands how to avail himself of it who comprehends the necessity of never revealing it4 ,if dipus1 in place of slaying the ,sphynx1 had conquered it1 and driven it into ,thebes harnessed to his chariot1 he would have been ,king1 without incest1 calamities1 or exile4 ,if ,psyche1 by submission and caresses1 had persuaded ,love to reveal himself1 she would never have lost him4 ,love is one of the mythological images of the grand secret and the grand agent1 because it expresses at once an action and a passion1 a void and a plenitude1 an arrow and a wound4 ,the ,initiates ought to understand this1 and1 lest the profane should overhear1 ,masonry never says too much4 ,when ,science had been overcome in ,alexandria by the fanaticism of the murderers of ,hypalia1 it became ,christian1 or1 rather1 it concealed itself under ,christian disguises1 with ,ammonius1 ,synosius1 and the author of the books of ,dionysius the ,areopagite4 ,then it was necessary to win the pardon of miracles by the appearances of superstition1 and of science by a language unintelligible4 ,hieroglyphic writing was revived1 and pantacles and characters were invented1 that summed up a whole doctrine in a sign1 a whole series of tendencies and revelations in a word4 ,what was the object of the aspirants to knowledge8 ,they sought for the secret of the great work1 or the ,philosophal ,stone1 or the perpetual motion1 or the squaring of the circle1 or the universal medicine2 formulas which often saved them from persecution and general ill-will1 by exposing them to the charge of folly2 and each of which expressed one of the forces of the grand magical secret4 ,this lasted until the time of the ,roman de la ,rose1 which also expresses the mysterious and magical meaning of the poem of ,dante1 borrowed from the ,high ,kabalah1 that immense and concealed source of the universal philosophy4 ,it is not strange that man knows but little of the powers of the human will1 and imperfectly appreciates them2 since he knows nothing as to the nature of the will and its mode of operation4 ,that his own will can move his arm1 or compel another to obey him2 that his thoughts1 symbolically expressed by the signs of writing1 can influence and lead other men1 are mysteries as incomprehensible to him1 as that the will of ,deity could effect the creation of a ,universe4 ,the powers of the will are as yet chiefly indefinite and unknown4 ,whether a multitude of well-established phenomena are to be ascribed to the power of the will alone1 or to magnetism or some other natural agent1 is a point as yet unsettled2 but it is agreed by all that a concentrated effort of the will is in every case necessary to success4 ,that the phenomena are real is not to be doubted1 unless credit is no longer to be given to human testimony2 and if they are real1 there is no reason for doubting the exercise heretofore1 by many adepts1 of the powers that were then termed magical4 ,nothing is better vouched for than the extraordinary performances of the ,brahmins4 ,no religion is supported by stronger testimony2 nor has any one ever even attempted to explain what may well be termed their miracles4 ,how far1 in this life1 the mind and soul can act without and independently of the body1 no one as yet knows4 ,that the will can act at all without bodily contact1 and the phenomena of dreams1 are mysteries that confound the wisest and most learned1 whose explanations are but a ,babel of words4 ,man as yet knows little of the forces of nature4 ,surrounded1 controlled1 and governed by them1 while he vainly thinks himself independent1 not only of his race1 but the universal nature and her infinite manifold forces1 he is the slave of these forces1 unless he becomes their master4 ,he can neither ignore their existence nor be simply their neighbor4 ,there is in nature one most potent force1 by means whereof a single man1 who could possess himself of it1 and should know how to direct it1 could revolutionize and change the face of the world4 ,this force was known to the ancients4 ,it is a universal agent1 whose ,supreme law is equilibrium2 and whereby1 if science can but learn how to control it1 it will be possible to change the order of the ,seasons1 to produce in night the phenomena of day1 to send a thought in an instant round the world1 to heal or slay at a distance1 to give our words universal success1 and make them reverberate everywhere4 ,this agent1 partially revealed by the blind guesses of the disciples of ,mesmer1 is precisely what the ,adepts of the middle ages called the elementary matter of the great work4 ,the ,gnostics held that it composed the igneous body of the ,holy ,spirit2 and it was adored in the secret rites of the ,sabbat or the ,temple1 under the hieroglyphic figure of ,baphomet or the hermaphroditic goat of ,mendes4 ,there is a ,life-,principle of the world1 a universal agent1 wherein are two natures and a double current1 of love and wrath4 ,this ambient fluid penetrates everything4 ,it is a ray detached from the glory of the ,sun1 and fixed by the weight of the atmosphere and the central attraction4 ,it is the body of the ,holy ,spirit1 the universal ,agent1 the ,serpent devouring his own tail4 ,with this electro-magnetic ether1 this vital and luminous caloric1 the ancients and the alchemists were familiar4 ,of this agent1 that phase of modern ignorance termed physical science talks incoherently1 knowing naught of it save its effects2 and theology might apply to it all its pretended definitions of spirit4 ,quiescent1 it is appreciable by no human sense2 disturbed or in movement1 none can explain its mode of action2 and to term it a fluid1 and speak of its currents1 is but to veil a profound ignorance under a cloud of words4 ,force attracts force1 life attracts life1 health attracts health4 ,it is a law of nature4 ,if two children live together1 and still more if they sleep together1 and one is feeble and the other strong1 the strong will absorb the feeble1 and the latter will perish4 ,in schools1 some pupils absorb the intellect of the others1 and in every circle of men some one individual is soon found1 who possesses himself of the wills of the others4 ,enthralments by currents is very common2 and one is carried away by the crowd1 in morals as in physics4 ,the human will has an almost absolute power in determining one's acts2 and every external demonstration of a will has an influence on external things4 ,tissot ascribed most maladies to disorders of the will1 or the perverse influences of the wills of others4 ,we become subject to the wills of others by the analogies of our inclinations1 and still more by those of our defects4 ,to caress the weaknesses of an individual1 is to possess ourself of him1 and make of him an instrument in the order of the same errors or depravations4 ,but when two natures1 analogical in defects1 are subordinated one to the other1 there is effected a kind of substitution of the stronger instead of the weaker1 and a genuine imprisonment of one mind by the other4 ,often the weaker struggles1 and would fain revolt2 and then falls lower than ever in servitude4 ,we each have some dominant defect1 by which the enemy can grasp us4 ,in some it is vanity1 in others indolence1 in most egotism4 ,let a cunning and evil spirit possess himself of this1 and you are lost4 ,then you become1 not foolish1 nor an idiot1 but positively a lunatic1 the slave of an impulse from without4 ,you have an instinctive horror for everything that could restore you to reason1 and will not even listen to representations that contravene your insanity4 ,miracles are the natural effects of exceptional causes4 ,the immediate action of the human will on bodies1 or at least this action exercised without visible means1 constitutes a miracle in the physical order4 ,the influence exercised on wills or intellects1 suddenly or within a given time1 and capable of taking captive the thoughts1 changing the firmest resolutions1 paralyzing the most violent passions1 constitutes a miracle in the moral order4 ,the common error in relation to miracles is1 to regard them as effects without causes2 as contradictions of nature2 as sudden fictions of the ,divine imagination2 and men do not reflect that a single miracle of this sort would break the universal harmony and re-plunge the ,universe into ,chaos4 ,there are miracles impossible to ,god ,himself3 absurd miracles are so4 ,if ,god could be absurd for a single instant1 neither ,he nor the ,universe would exist an instant afterward4 ,to expect of the ,divine ,free-,will an effect whose cause is unacknowledged or does not exist1 is what is termed tempting ,god4 ,it is to precipitate one's self into the void4 ,god acts by ,his works3 in ,heaven1 by angels2 on earth1 by men4 ,in the heaven of human conceptions1 it is humanity that creates ,god2 and men think that ,god has made them in ,his image1 because they make ,him in theirs4 ,the domain of man is all corporeal nature1 visible on earth2 and if he does not rule the planets or the stars1 he can at least calculate their movement1 measure their distances1 and identify his will with their influence3 he can modify the atmosphere1 act to a certain point on the seasons1 cure and afflict with sickness other men1 preserve life and cause death4 ,the absolute in reason and will is the greatest power which it is given to men to attain2 and it is by means of this power that what the multitude admires under the name of miracles1 are effected4 ,,power is the wise use of the will1 which makes ,fatality itself serve to accomplish the purposes of ,sages4 ,omnipotence is the most absolute ,liberty2 and absolute ,liberty cannot exist without a perfect equilibrium2 and the columns ,,jachin and ,,boaz are also the unlimited ,,power and ,,splendor ,,of ,,perfection of the ,deity1 the seventh and eighth ,,sephiroth of the ,kabalah1 from whose equilibrium result the eternal permanence and ,stability of ,his plans and works1 and of that perfect ,success and undivided1 unlimited ,dominion1 which are the ninth and tenth ,,sephiroth1 and of which the ,temple of ,solomon1 in its stately symmetry1 erected without the sound of any tool of metal being heard1 is to us a symbol4 ,for ,thine1 says the ,most ,perfect of ,prayers1 is the ,,dominion1 the ,,power1 and the ,,glory1 during all the ages6 ,amen6 ,the ,,absolute is the very necessity of ,,being1 the immutable law of ,reason and of ,truth4 ,it is ,,that ,,which ,,is4 ,,but ,,that ,,which ,,is is in some sort before ,,he ,,who ,,is4 ,god ,himself is not without a reason of existence4 ,he does not exist accidentally4 ,he could not not have been4 ,his ,existence1 then1 is necessitated is necessary4 ,he can exist only in virtue of a ,supreme and inevitable ,,reason4 ,that ,,reason1 then1 is ,,the ,,absolute2 for it is in ,,it we must believe1 if we would that our faith should have a reasonable and solid basis4 ,it has been said in our times1 that ,god is a ,hypothesis2 but ,absolute ,reason is not one3 it is essential to ,existence4 ,saint ,thomas said1 ,a thing is not just because ,god wills it1 ,,but ,,god ,,wills ,,it ,,because ,,it ,,is ,,just4 ,if he had deduced all the consequences of this fine thought1 he would have discovered the true ,philosopher's ,stone2 the magical elixir1 to convert all the trials of the world into golden mercies4 ,precisely as it is a necessity for ,god to ,,be1 so it is a necessity for ,him to be just1 loving1 and merciful4 ,he cannot be unjust1 cruel1 merciless4 ,he cannot repeal the law of right and wrong1 of merit and demerit2 for the moral laws are as absolute as the physical laws4 ,there are impossible things1 ,as it is impossible to make two and two be five and not four2 as it is impossible to make a thing be and not be at the same time2 so it is impossible for the ,deity to make crime a merit1 and love and gratitude crimes4 ,so1 too1 it was impossible to make ,man perfect1 with his bodily senses and appetites1 as it was to make his nerves susceptible of pleasure and not also of pain4 ,therefore1 according to the idea of ,saint ,thomas1 the moral laws are the enactments of the ,divine ,,will1 only because they are the decisions of the ,absolute ,,wisdom and ,,reason1 and the ,revelations of the ,divine ,,nature4 ,in this alone consists the right of ,deity to enact them2 and thus only do we attain the certainty in ,faith that the ,universe is one ,harmony4 ,to believe in the ,reason of ,god1 and in the ,god of ,reason1 is to make ,atheism impossible4 ,it is the ,idolaters who have made the ,atheists4 ,analogy gives the ,sage all the forces of ,nature4 ,it is the key of the ,grand ,arcanum1 the root of the ,tree of ,life1 the science of ,good and ,evil4 ,the ,absolute1 is ,,reason4 ,reason ,,is1 by means of ,itself4 ,it ,,is ,,because ,,it ,,is1 and not because we suppose it4 ,,it ,,is1 where nothing exists2 but nothing could possibly exist without ,,it4 ,reason is ,necessity1 ,law1 the ,rule of all ,liberty1 and the direction of every ,initiative4 ,if ,god ,,is1 ,,he ,,is by ,reason4 ,the conception of an ,absolute ,deity1 outside of1 or independent of1 ,reason1 is the ,,idol of ,black ,magic1 the ,,phantom of the ,dmon4 ,the ,supreme ,intelligence is necessarily rational4 ,god1 in philosophy1 can be no more than a ,hypothesis2 but a ,hypothesis imposed by good sense on ,human ,reason4 ,to personify the ,absolute ,reason1 is to determine the ,divine ,ideal4 ,,necessity1 ,,liberty1 and ,,reason6 ,behold the great and ,supreme ,triangle of the ,kabalists6 ,,fatality1 ,,will1 and ,,power6 ,such is the magical ternary which1 in human things1 corresponds with the ,divine ,triangle4 ,,fatality is the inevitable linking together1 in succession1 of effects and causes1 in a given order4 ,,will is the faculty that directs the forces of the ,intellect1 so as to reconcile the liberty of persons with the necessity of things4 ,the argument from these premises must be made by yourself4 ,each one of us does that4 ,seek1 say the ,holy ,writings1 and ye shall find4 ,yet discussion is not forbidden2 and without doubt the subject will be fully treated of in your hearing hereafter4 ,affirmation1 negation1 discussion1--it is by these the truth is attained4 ,to explore the great ,mysteries of the ,universe and seek to solve its manifold enigmas1 is the chief use of ,thought1 and constitutes the principal distinction between ,man and the animals4 ,accordingly1 in all ages the ,intellect has labored to understand and explain to itself the ,nature of the ,supreme ,deity4 ,that one ,reason and one ,will created and governed the ,universe was too evident not to be at once admitted by the philosophers of all ages4 ,it was the ancient religions that sought to multiply gods4 ,the ,nature of the ,one ,deity1 and the mode in which the ,universe had its beginning1 are questions that have always been the racks in which the human intellect has been tortured3 and it is chiefly with these that the ,kabalists have dealt4 ,it is true that1 in one sense1 we can have no actual knowledge of the ,absolute ,itself1 the very ,deity4 ,our means of obtaining what is commonly termed actual knowledge1 are our senses only4 ,if to see and feel be knowledge1 we have none of our own ,soul1 of electricity1 of magnetism4 ,we see and feel and taste an acid or an alkali1 and know something of the qualities of each2 but it is only when we use them in combination with other substances1 and learn their effects1 that we really begin to know their nature4 ,it is the combination and experiments of ,chemistry that give us a knowledge of the nature and powers of most animal and vegetable substances4 ,as these are cognizable by inspection by our senses1 we may partially know them by that alone3 but the ,soul1 either of ourself or of another1 being beyond that cognizance1 can only be known by the acts and words which are its effects4 ,magnetism and electricity1 when at rest1 are equally beyond the jurisdiction of the senses2 and when they are in action1 we see1 feel1 hear1 taste1 and smell only their effects4 ,we do not know what they are1 but only what they do4 ,we can know the attributes of ,deity only through ,his manifestations4 ,to ask anything more1 is to ask1 not knowledge1 but something else1 for which we have no name4 ,god is a ,power2 and we know nothing of any ,power itself1 but only its effects1 results1 and action1 and what ,reason teaches us by analogy4 ,in these later days1 in laboring to escape from all material ideas in regard to ,deity1 we have so refined away our notions of ,,god1 as to have no idea of ,him at all4 ,in struggling to regard ,him as a pure immaterial ,spirit1 we have made the word ,spirit synonymous with nothing1 and can only say that ,he is a ,somewhat1 with certain attributes1 such as ,power1 ,wisdom1 and ,intelligence4 ,to compare ,him to ,,light1 would now be deemed not only unphilosophical1 but the equivalent of ,atheism2 and we find it necessary to excuse and pity the ancients for their inadequate and gross ideas of ,deity1 expressed in considering ,him as the ,light-,principle1 the invisible essence or substance from which visible ,light flows4 ,yet our own holy writings continually speak of ,him as ,light2 and therefore the ,tsabeans and the ,kabala may well be pardoned for doing the same2 especially since they did not regard ,him as the visible ,light known to us1 but as the ,primordial ,ether-,ocean from which light flows4 ,before the creation1 did the ,deity dwell alone in the ,darkness1 or in the ,light8 ,did the ,light co-exist with ,him1 or was it created1 after an eternity of darkness8 and if it co-existed1 was it an effluence from ,him1 filling all space as ,he also filled it1 ,he and the ,light at the same time filling the same place and every place8 ,,milton says1 expressing the ,hebraic doctrine3 ,hail1 ,holy ,light1 offspring of ,heaven first-born1 ,or of th' ,eternal1 co-eternal beam6 ,may ,i express thee unblamed1 since ,god is ,light4 ,and never but in unapproached ,light ,dwelt from ,eternity2 dwelt then in ,thee1 ,bright effluence of bright ,essence uncreate4 ,the ,,light1 says the ,book ,omschim1 or ,introduction to the ,kabala1 ,supremest of all things1 and most ,lofty1 and ,limitless1 and styled ,,infinite1 can be attained unto by no cogitation or speculation2 and its ,,very ,,self is evidently withdrawn and removed beyond all intellection4 ,it ,,was1 before all things whatever1 produced1 created1 formed1 and made by ,emanation2 and in it was neither ,time1 ,head1 or ,beginning2 since it always existed1 and remains forever1 without commencement or end4 ,before the ,emanations flowed forth1 and created things were created1 the ,supreme ,light was infinitely extended1 and filled the whole ,,where2 so that with reference to ,light no vacuum could be affirmed1 nor any unoccupied space2 but the ,,all was filled with that ,light of the ,infinite1 thus extended1 whereto in every regard was no end1 inasmuch as nothing was1 except that extended ,light1 which1 with a certain single and simple equality1 was everywhere like unto itself4 ,,ainsoph is called ,light1 says the ,introduction to the ,sohar1 because it is impossible to express it by any other word4 ,to conceive of ,god as an actuality1 and not as a mere non-substance or name1 which involved non-existence1 the ,kabala1 like the ,egyptians1 imagined ,him to be a most occult ,light1 ,,aur2 not our material and visible ,light1 but the ,substance out of which ,light flows1 the fire1 as relative to its heat and flame4 ,of this ,light or ,ether1 the ,sun was to the ,tsabeans the only manifestation or out-shining1 and as such it was worshipped1 and not as the type of dominion and power4 ,god was the ,phs ,noton1 the ,light cognisable only by the ,intellect1 the ,light-,principle1 the ,light-,ether1 from which souls emanate1 and to which they return4 ,light1 ,fire1 and ,flame1 with the ,phnicians1 were the sons of ,kronos4 ,they are the ,trinity in the ,chaldan ,oracles1 the ,,aor of the ,deity1 manifested in flame1 that issues out of the invisible ,fire4 ,in the first three ,persian ,amshaspands1 ,lords of ,,light1 ,,fire1 and ,,splendor1 we recognize the ,,aor1 ,,zohar1 and ,,zayo1 ,light1 ,splendor1 and ,brightness1 of the ,kabalah4 ,the first of these is termed ,,aor ,,mupala1 ,wonderful or ,hidden ,light1 unrevealed1 undisplayed--which is ,,kether1 the first ,emanation or ,sephirah1 the ,will of ,deity3 the second is ,,nestar1 ,concealed--which is ,,hakemah1 the second ,sephirah1 or the ,intellectual ,potence of the ,deity3 and the third is ,,metanotsats1 coruscating--which is ,,binah1 the third ,sephirah1 or the intellectual producing capacity4 ,in other words1 they are ,,the ,,very ,,substance of light1 in the ,deity3 ,fire1 which is that light1 limited and furnished with attributes1 so that it can be revealed1 but yet remains unrevealed1 and its splendor or out-shining1 or the light that goes out from the fire4 ,masonry is a search after ,light4 ,that search leads us directly back1 as you see1 to the ,kabalah4 ,in that ancient and little understood medley of absurdity and philosophy1 the ,initiate will find the source of many doctrines2 and may in time come to understand the ,hermetic philosophers1 the ,alchemists1 all the ,anti-papal ,thinkers of the ,middle ,ages1 and ,emanuel ,swedenborg4 ,the ,hansavati ,rich1 a celebrated ,sanscrit ,stanza1 says3 ,he is ,hansa 7the ,sun71 dwelling in light2 ,vasu1 the atmosphere dwelling in the firmament2 the invoker of the gods 7,agni71 dwelling on the altar 7i4e41 the altar fire72 the guest 7of the worshipper71 dwelling in the house 7the domestic fire72 the dweller amongst men 7as consciousness72 the dweller in the most excellent orb1 7the ,sun72 the dweller in truth2 the dweller in the sky 7the air72 born in the waters1 in the rays of light1 in the verity 7of manifestation71 in the ,eastern mountains2 the ,truth 7itself74 ,in the beginning1 says a ,sanscrit hymn1 arose the ,source of golden light4 ,he was the only born ,lord of all that is4 ,he established the earth and the sky4 ,who is the ,god to ,whom we shall offer our sacrifice8 ,he who gives life1 ,he who gives strength2 ,whose blessing all the bright gods desire2 ,whose shadow is immortality2 ,whose shadow is death2 ,who is the ,god1 etc8 ,he through ,whom the sky is bright and the earth for us2 ,he through ,whom the ,heaven was established1 nay1 the highest ,heaven2 ,he who measured out the light in the air2 ,who is the ,god1 etc8 ,he to ,whom the ,heaven and earth1 standing firm by ,his will1 look up trembling inwardly2 ,he over ,whom the rising sun shines forth2 ,who is the ,god1 etc8 ,wherever the mighty water-clouds went1 where they placed the seed and lit the fire1 thence arose ,he ,who is the only life of the bright gods2 ,who is the ,god1 etc8 ,the ,,word of ,god1 said the ,indian philosophy1 is the universal and invisible ,light1 cognizable by the senses1 that emits its blaze in the ,sun1 ,moon1 ,planets1 and other ,stars4 ,philo calls it the ,universal ,light1 which loses a portion of its purity and splendor in descending from the intellectual to the sensible world1 manifesting itself outwardly from1 the ,deity2 and the ,kabalah represents that only so much of the ,infinite ,light flowed into the circular void prepared for creation within the ,infinite ,light and ,wisdom1 as could pass by a canal like a line or thread4 ,the ,sephiroth1 emanating from the ,deity1 were the rays of ,his splendor4 ,the ,chaldan ,oracles said3 ,the intellect of the ,generator1 stirred to action1 out-spoke1 forming within itself1 by intellection1 universals of every possible form and fashion1 which issued out1 flowing forth from the ,one ,source 444 ,for ,deity1 impersonated as ,dominion1 before fabricating the manifold ,universe1 posited an intellected and unchangeable universal1 the impression of the form whereof goes forth through the ,universe2 and that ,universe1 formed and fashioned accordingly1 becomes visibly beautified in infinitely varying types and forms1 the ,source and fountain whereof is one4444 ,intellectual conceptions and forms from the ,generative source1 succeeding each other1 considered in relation to ever-progressing ,time1 and intimately partaking of ,,the ,,primal ,,ether or ,,fire2 but yet all these ,universals and ,primal ,types and ,ideas flowed forth from1 and are part of1 the first ,source of the ,generative ,power1 perfect in itself4 ,the ,chaldeans termed the ,supreme ,deity ,,araor1 ,father of ,light4 ,from ,him was supposed to flow the light above the world1 which illuminates the heavenly regions4 ,this ,light or ,fire was considered as the ,symbol of the ,divine ,essence1 extending itself to inferior spiritual natures4 ,hence the ,chaldean oracles say3 ,the ,father took from ,himself1 and did not confine ,his proper fire within ,his intellectual potency3 444 ,all things are begotten from one ,fire4 ,the ,tsabeans-held that all inferior spiritual beings were emanations from the ,supreme ,deity2 and therefore ,proclus says3 ,the progression of the gods is one and continuous1 proceeding downward from the intelligible and latent unities1 and terminating in the last partition of the ,divine cause4 ,it is impossible to speak clearly of the ,divinity4 ,whoever attempts to express ,his attributes by the help of abstractions1 confines himself to negatives1 and at once loses sight of his ideas1 in wandering through a wilderness of words4 ,to heap ,superlatives on ,superlatives1 and call ,him best1 wisest1 greatest1 is but to exaggerate qualities which are found in man4 ,that there exists one only ,god1 and that ,he is a ,perfect and ,beneficent ,being1 ,reason legitimately teaches us2 but of the ,divine ,nature1 of the ,substance of the ,deity1 of the manner of ,his ,existence1 or of the mode of creation of ,his ,universe1 the human mind is inadequate to form any just conception4 ,we can affix no clear ideas to ,omnipotence1 ,omniscience1 ,infinity or ,eternity2 and we have no more right to attribute intelligence to ,him1 than any other mental quality of ourselves1 extended indefinitely2 or than we have to attribute our senses to ,him1 and our bodily organs1 as the ,hebrew writings do4 ,we satisfy ourselves with negativing in the ,deity everything that constitutes existence1 so far as we are capable of conceiving of existence4 ,thus ,he becomes to us logically nothing1 ,non-,ens4 ,the ,ancients saw no difference between that and ,atheism1 and sought to conceive of ,him as something real4 ,it is a necessity of ,human ,nature4 ,the theological idea1 or rather non-idea1 of the ,deity1 is not shared or appreciated by the unlearned4 ,to them ,god will always be ,the ,father ,who is in ,heaven1 a ,monarch on ,his ,throne1 a ,being with human feelings and human sympathies1 angry at their misdeeds1 lenient if they repent1 accessible to their supplications4 ,it is the ,humanity1 far more than the ,divinity1 of ,christ1 that makes the mass of ,christians worship ,him1 far more than they do the ,father4 ,the ,light of the ,substance of ,the ,infinite1 is the ,kabalistic expression4 ,christ was1 according to ,saint ,john1 the ,light that lighteth every man that cometh into the world2 and that ,light was the life of men4 ,the ,light shone in the darkness1 and the darkness comprehended it not4 ,the ancient ideas in respect to ,light were perhaps quite as correct as our own4 ,it does not appear that they ascribed to ,light any of the qualities of matter4 ,but modern ,science defines it to be a flood of particles of matter1 flowing or shot out from the ,sun and ,stars1 and moving through space to come to us4 ,on the theories of mechanism and force1 what force of attraction here or repulsion at the ,sun or at the most distant ,star could draw or drive these impalpable1 weightless1 infinitely minute particles1 appreciably by the ,sense of ,sight alone1 so far through space8 ,what has become of the immense aggregate of particles that have reached the earth since the creation8 ,have they increased its bulk8 ,why cannot chemistry detect and analyze them8 ,if matter1 why can they travel only in right lines8 ,no characteristic of matter belongs to ,light1 or ,heat1 or flame1 or to ,galvanism1 ,electricity1 and ,magnetism4 ,the electric spark is light1 and so is that produced by the flint1 when it cuts off particles of steel4 ,iron1 melted or heated1 radiates light2 and insects1 infusoria1 and decayed wood emit it4 ,heat is produced by friction and by pressure2 to explain which1 ,science tells us of latent ,caloric1 thus representing it to us as existing without its only known distinctive quality4 ,what quality of matter enables lightning1 blazing from the ,heavens1 to rend the oak8 ,what quality of matter enables it to make the circuit of the earth in a score of seconds8 ,profoundly ignorant of the nature of these mighty agents of ,divine ,power1 we conceal our ignorance by words that have no meaning2 and we might well be asked why ,light may not be an effluence from the ,deity1 as has been agreed by all the religions of all the ,ages of the ,world4 ,all truly dogmatic religions have issued from the ,kabalah and return to it3 everything scientific and grand in the religious dreams of all the illuminati1 ,jacob ,bhme1 ,swedenborg1 ,saint-,martin1 and others1 is borrowed from the ,kabalah2 all the ,masonic associations owe to it their ,secrets and their ,symbols4 ,the ,kabalah alone consecrates the alliance of the ,universal ,reason and the ,divine ,word2 it establishes1 by the counterpoises of two forces apparently opposite1 the eternal balance of being2 it alone reconciles ,reason with ,faith1 ,power with ,liberty1 ,science with ,mystery2 it has the keys of the ,present1 the ,past1 and the ,future4 ,the ,bible1 with all the allegories it contains1 expresses1 in an incomplete and veiled manner only1 the religious science of the ,hebrews4 ,the doctrine of ,moses and the ,prophets1 identical at bottom with that of the ancient ,egyptians1 also had its outward meaning and its veils4 ,the ,hebrew books were written only to recall to memory the traditions2 and they were written in ,symbols unintelligible to the ,profane4 ,the ,pentateuch and the prophetic poems were merely elementary books of doctrine1 morals1 or liturgy2 and the true secret and traditional philosophy was only written afterward1 under veils still less transparent4 ,thus was a second ,bible born1 unknown to1 or rather uncomprehended by1 the ,christians2 a collection1 they say1 of monstrous absurdities2 a monument1 the adept says1 wherein is everything that the genius of philosophy and that of religion have ever formed or imagined of the sublime2 a treasure surrounded by thorns2 a diamond concealed in a rough dark stone4 ,one is filled with admiration1 on penetrating into the ,sanctuary of the ,kabalah1 at seeing a doctrine so logical1 so simple1 and at the same time so absolute4 ,the necessary union of ideas and signs1 the consecration of the most fundamental realities by the primitive characters2 the ,trinity of ,words1 ,letters1 and ,numbers2 a philosophy simple as the alphabet1 profound and infinite as the ,word2 theorems more complete and luminous than those of ,pythagoras2 a theology summed up by counting on one's fingers2 an ,infinite which can be held in the hollow of an infant's hand2 ten ciphers1 and twenty-two letters1 a triangle1 a square1 and a circle1--these are all the elements of the ,kabalah4 ,these are the elementary principles of the written ,word1 reflection of that spoken ,word that created the world6 ,this is the doctrine of the ,kabalah1 with which you will no doubt seek to make yourself acquainted1 as to the ,creation4 ,the ,absolute ,deity1 with the ,kabalists1 has no name4 ,the terms applied to ,him are 1 ,,aor ,,pasot1 the ,most ,simple or ,pure ,light1 called 1 ,,ayen ,,sopi1 or ,,infinite1 before any ,emanation4 ,for then there was no space or vacant place1 but all was infinite ,light4 ,before the ,deity created any ,ideal1 any limited and intelligible ,nature1 or any form whatever1 ,he was alone1 and without form or similitude1 and there could be no cognition or comprehension of ,him in any wise4 ,he was without ,idea or ,figure1 and it is forbidden to form any ,idea or ,figure of ,him1 neither by the letter ,he 771 nor by the letter ,yd 771 though these are contained in the ,holy ,name2 nor by any other letter or point in the world4 ,but after ,he created this ,idea this limited and existing-in-intellection ,nature1 which the ten ,numerations1 ,,sephiroth or ,rays are1 of the ,medium1 the ,first ,man ,,adam ,,kadmon1 ,he descended therein1 that1 by means of this ,idea1 ,he might be called by the name ,,tetragrammaton2 that created things might have cognition of ,him1 in ,his own likeness4 ,when the ,infinite ,god willed to emit what were to flow forth1 ,he contracted ,himself in the centre of ,his light1 in such manner that most intense light should recede to a certain circumference1 and on all sides upon itself4 ,and this is the first contraction1 and termed 1 ,tsemsum4 1 ,,adam ,,kadmon1 the ,primal or ,first ,man1 is the first ,aziluthic emanant from the ,infinite ,light1 immitted into the evacuated ,space1 and from which1 afterward1 all the other degrees and systems had their beginnings4 ,it is called the ,adam prior to all the first4 ,in it are imparted ten spherical numerations2 and thereafter issued forth the rectilinear figure of a man in his sephirothic decade1 as it were the diameter of the said circles2 as it were the axis of these spheres1 reaching from their highest point to their lowest2 and from it depend all the systems4 ,but now1 as the ,infinite ,light would be too excellent and great to be borne and endured1 except through the medium of this ,adam ,kadmon1 its most ,secret ,nature preventing this1 its illuminating light had again to emanate in streams out of itself1 by certain apertures1 as it were1 like windows1 and which are termed the ears1 eyes1 nostrils1 and mouth4 ,the light proceeding from this ,adam ,kadmon is indeed but one2 but in proportion to its remoteness from the place of out-flowing1 and to the grades of its descent1 it is more dense4 ,from the word 1 ,,atsil1 to emanate or flow forth1 comes the word 1 ,,atsiloth or ,aziluth1 ,emanation1 or the ,system of ,emanants4 ,when the primal space was evacuated1 the surrounding ,light of the ,infinite1 and the ,light immitted into the void1 did not touch each other2 but the ,light of the ,infinite flowed into that void through a line or certain slender canal2 and that ,light is the ,emanative and emitting ,principle1 or the out-flow and origin of ,emanation3 but the ,light within the void is the emanant subordinate2 and the two cohere only by means of the aforesaid line4 ,aziluth means specifically and principally the first system of the four ,olamoth 1 worlds or systems2 which is thence called the ,aziluthic ,world4 ,the ten ,sephiroth of the general ,aziluthic system are ten ,nekudoth or ,points4 1 ,,ainsoph1 ,,aensoph1 or ,,ayensoph1 is the title of the ,cause of ,causes1 its meaning being endless because there is no limit to ,its loftiness1 and nothing can comprehend it4 ,sometimes1 also1 the name is applied to ,,kether1 or the ,,crown1 the first emanation1 because that is the ,throne of the ,infinite1 that is1 its first and highest ,seat1 than which none is higher1 and because ,ainsoph resides and is concealed therein3 hence it rejoices in the same name4 ,before that anything was1 says the ,emech ,hammelech1 ,he1 of ,his mere will1 proposed to ,himself to make worlds 444 but at that time there was no vacant space for worlds2 but all space was filled with the light of ,his ,substance1 which ,he had with fixed limits placed in the centre of ,himself1 and of the parts whereof1 and wherein1 ,he was thereafter to effect a folding together4 ,what then did the ,lord of the ,will1 that most perfectly free ,agent1 do8 ,by ,his own estimation1 ,he measured off within ,his own ,substance the width and length of a circular space to be made vacant1 and wherein might be posited the worlds aforesaid2 and of that ,light which was included within the circle so measured1 ,he compressed and folded over a certain portion 444 and that ,light ,he lifted higher up1 and so a place was left unoccupied by the ,primal ,light4 ,but yet was not this space left altogether empty of that ,light2 for the vestiges of the ,primal ,light still remained in the place where ,itself had been2 and they did not recede therefrom4 ,before the ,emanations out-flowed1 and created things were created1 the ,supreme ,light was infinitely extended1 and filled the whole ,where3 nothing was1 except that extended light1 called ,,aor ,h' ,,ainsoph1 the ,light of the non-finite4 ,when it came into the mind of the ,extended to will to make worlds1 and by forth-flowing to utter ,emanations1 and to emit as ,light the perfection of ,his active powers1 and of ,his aspects and attributes1 which was the impelling cause of the creation of worlds2 then that ,light1 in some measure compressed1 receded in every direction from a particular central point1 and on all sides of it drew back1 and so a certain vacuum was left1 called void space1 its circumference everywhere equidistant from that point which was exactly in the centre of the space 444 a certain void place and space left in ,mid-,infinite3 a certain ,where was thereby constituted wherein ,emanations might ,,be1 and the ,created1 the ,fashioned and the ,fabricated4 ,this world of the garmenting1--this circular vacant space1 with the vestiges of the withdrawn light of the ,infinite yet remaining1 is the inmost garment1 nearest to ,his substance2 and to it belongs the name ,,aor ,,penai-,,al1 ,light of the ,countenance of ,god4 ,an interspace surrounds this great circle1 established between the light of the very substance1 surrounding the circle on its outside1 and the substance contained within the circle4 ,this is called ,,splendor ,,excelses1 in contradistinction to ,simple ,splendor4 ,this light of the vestige of the garment1 is said to be1 relatively to that of the vestige of the substance1 like a point in the centre of a circle4 ,this light1 a point in the centre of the ,great ,light1 is called ,auir1 ,ether1 or ,space4 ,this ,ether is somewhat more gross than the ,light--not so ,subtle--though not perceptible by the ,senses--is termed the ,primal ,ether--extends everywhere2 ,philosophers call it the ,soul of the ,world4 ,the ,light so forth-shown from the ,deity1 cannot be said to be severed or diverse from ,him4 ,it is flashed forth from ,him1 and yet all continues to be perfect unity444 ,the ,sephiroth1 sometimes called the ,persons of the ,deity1 are ,his rays1 by which ,he is enabled most perfectly to manifest ,himself4 ,the ,introduction to the ,book ,,sohar says3 ,the first compression was effected1 in order that the ,primal ,light might be upraised1 and a space become vacant4 ,the second compression occurred when the vestiges of the removed ,light remaining were compressed into points2 and that compression was effected by means of the emotion of joy2 the ,deity rejoicing1 it had already been said1 on account of ,his ,holy ,people1 thereafter to come into being2 and that joy being vehement1 and a commotion and exhilaration in the ,deity being caused by it1 so that ,he flowed forth in ,his delight2 and of this commotion an abstract power of judgment being generated1 which is a collection of the letters generated by the points of the vestiges of ,light left within the circle4 ,for ,he writes the finite expressions1 or limited manifestations of ,himself upon the ,book1 in single letters4 ,like as when water or fire1 it had been said1 is blown upon by the wind1 it is wont to be greatly moved1 and with flashes like lightning to smite the eyes1 and gleam and coruscate hither and thither1 even so ,the ,infinite was moved within ,himself1 and shone and coruscated in that circle1 from the centre outward and again to the centre3 and that commotion we term exhilaration2 and from that exhilaration1 variously divided within ,himself1 was generated the potency of determining the fashioning of the letters4 ,of that exhilaration1 it had also been said1 was generated the determination of forms1 by which determination the ,infinite determined them within ,himself1 as if by saying3 ,let this ,sphere be the appointed place1 wherein let all worlds be created6 ,he1 by radiating and coruscating1 effected the points1 so that their sparkling should smite the eyes like lightning4 ,then ,he combined diversely the single points1 until letters were fashioned thereof1 in the similitude and image of those wherewith ,,the ,,blessed had set forth the decrees of ,his ,wisdom4 ,it is not possible to attain to an understanding of the creation of man1 except by the mystery of letters2 and in these worlds of ,the ,infinite is nothing1 except the letters of the ,alphabet and their combinations4 ,all the worlds are ,letters and ,names2 but ,he ,who is the ,author of all1 has no name4 ,this world of the covering or garment--vestimenti1 that is1 the circular vacant space1 with the vestiges of the removed ,light of ,the ,infinite still remaining after the first contraction and compression1 is the inmost covering1 nearest to ,his substance2 and to this covering belongs the general name ,,aur ,,penial1 ,light of the ,countenance of ,god3 by which we are to understand the ,light of ,the ,substance4 ,and after this covering was effected1 ,he contracted it1 so as to lift up the lower moiety2 444 and this is the third contraction2 and in this manner ,he made vacant a space for the worlds1 which had not the capacity to use the great ,light of the covering1 the end whereof was lucid and excellent as its beginning4 ,and so by drawing up the lower half and half the letters1 are made the ,male and ,female1 that is1 the anterior and posterior adhering mutually to one another4 ,the vacant space effected by this retraction is called ,,auir ,,kadmon1 the ,,primal ,,space3 for it was the first of all ,spaces2 nor was it allowable to call it covering1 which is ,,aur ,,peni-,,bal1 the ,light of the ,countenance of ,god4 ,the vestiges of the ,light of the ,garment still remained there4 ,and this world of the garment has a name that includes all things1 which is the name ,,ihuh4 ,before the world of the vacant space was created1 ,,he was1 and ,his ,name1 and they alone2 that is1 ,,ainsoph and ,his garmenting4 ,the ,,emech ,,hammelech says again3 ,the lower half of the garment by the third retraction1 was left empty of the light of the garment4 ,but the vestiges of that light remained in the place so vacated 444 and this garment is called ,,shekinah1 ,god in-dwelling2 that is1 the place where ,yd ,he1 of the anterior or male1 and ,vav ,he1 of the posterior or female1 combinations of letters dwelt4 ,this vacant space was square1 and is called the ,primal ,space2 and in ,kabalah it is called ,auira ,kadmah1 or ,rasimu ,ailah1 ,the ,primal ,space1 or ,the ,sublime ,vestige4 ,it is the vestige of the ,light of the ,garment1 with which is intermingled somewhat of the vestige of the ,very ,substance4 ,it is called ,primal ,ether1 but not void ,space 444 ,the ,light of the ,vestige still remains in the place it occupied1 and adheres there1 like somewhat spiritual1 of extreme tenuity4 ,in this ,ether are two ,lights2 that is1 the ,light of the ,,substance1 which was taken away1 and that of the ,garment4 ,there is a vast difference between the two2 for that of the ,vestige of the ,garment is1 relatively to that of the ,vestige of the ,substance1 like a point in the centre of a circle4 ,and as the only appropriate name for the ,light of the ,vestige of ,ainsoph is ,,aur1 ,light1 therefore the ,light of the ,vestige of the ,garment could not be called by that name2 and so we term it a point1 that is1 ,yd ' or 1 which is that point in the centre of ,light 444 and this ,light1 a point in the centre of the ,great ,light1 is called ,auir1 ,ether1 or ,space4 ,this ,ether is somewhat more gross than ,the ,light 444 not so subtle1 though not perceptible by the senses 444 is termed the ,primal ,ether 444 extends everywhere2 whence the ,philosophers call it ,the ,soul of the ,world 444 ,light is visible1 though not perceptible4 ,this ,ether is neither perceptible nor visible4 ,the ,introduction to the ,book ,sohar continues1 in the ,section of the ,letter ,yd1 etc3 ,worlds could not be framed in this ,primal ,ether1 on account of its extreme tenuity and the excess of ,light2 and also1 because in it remained the vital ,spirit of the ,vestige of the ,light ,ainsoph1 and that of the ,vestige of the ,light of the ,garment2 whereby such manifestation was prevented4 ,wherefore ,,he directed the letter ,yd1 since it was not so brilliant as the ,primal ,ether1 to descend1 and take to itself the light remaining in the ,primal ,ether1 and return above1 with that ,vestige which so impeded the manifestation2 which ,yd did4 ,it descended below five times1 to remove the vital ,spirit of the ,vestige of the ,light ,ainsoph2 and the ,vestige of the ,light and vital ,spirit of the ,garment from the ,sphere of ,splendor1 so as to make of it ,,adam1 called ,,kadmon4 ,and by its return1 manifestation is effected in the space below1 and a ,vestige of the ,sublime ,brilliance yet remains there1 existing as a ,spherical ,shape1 and termed in the ,sohar simply ,tehiru1 that is1 ,splendor2 and it is styled ,the ,first ,matter 444 it being1 as it were1 vapor1 and1 as it were1 smoke4 ,and as smoke is formless1 not comprehended under any fixed definite form1 so this ,sphere is a formless somewhat1 since it seems to be somewhat that is spherical1 and yet is not limited4 ,the letter ,yd1 while adhering to the ,shekinah1 had adhering1 to himself the ,light of the ,shekinah1 though his light was not so great as that of the ,shekinah4 ,but when he descended1 he left that light of his own below1 and the ,splendor consisted of it4 ,after which there was left in ,yd only a vestige of that light1 inasmuch as he could not re-ascend to the ,shekinah and adhere to it4 ,wherefore ,the ,holy and ,blessed directed the letter ,he ,hebrew3 1 the female letter1 to communicate to ,yd of her ,light2 and sent him forth1 to descend and share with that light in the ,splendor aforesaid 444 and when he re-descended into the ,sphere of ,splendor1 he diffused abroad in it the ,light communicated to him by the letter ,he4 ,and when he again ascended he left behind him the productive light of the letter ,he1 and thereof was constituted another ,sphere1 within the ,sphere of ,splendor2 which lesser ,sphere is termed in the ,sohar ,,kether ,,ailah1 ,,corona ,,summa1 ,the ,supreme ,crown1 and also ,,atika ,,de ,,atikim1 ,antiquus ,antiquum1 ,the ,ancient of ,ancients1 and even ,,aiut ,h' ,,aiut1 ,causa ,causarum1 the ,cause of ,causes4 ,but the ,crown is very far smaller than the ,sphere of ,splendor1 so that within the latter an immense unoccupied place and space is still left4 ,the ,,beth ,,alohim says3 ,before the ,infinite ,god1 the ,supreme and ,first ,good1 formed objectively within ,himself a particular conception1 definite1 limited1 and the object of intellection1 and gave form and shape to an intellectual conception and image4 ,,he was alone1 companionless1 without form or similitude1 utterly without ,ideal or ,figure 444 ,it is forbidden to make of ,him any figure whatever1 by any image in the world1 neither by the letter ,he nor by the letter ,yd1 nor by any other letter or point in the world4 ,but after ,he had formed this ,idea1 the particular conception1 limited and intelligible1 which the ,ten ,numerations are1 of the medium of transmission1 ,adam ,kadmon1 the ,primal or ,supreme ,man1 ,he by that medium descended1 and may1 through that ,idea1 be called by the name ,,ihuh1 and so created things have cognizance of ,him1 by means of ,his proper likeness4 ,woe unto him who makes ,god to be like unto any mode or attribute whatever1 even were it to one of ,his own2 and still more if he make ,him like unto the ,sons of ,men1 whose elements are earthly1 and so are consumed and perish6 ,there can be no conception had of ,him1 except in so far as ,he manifests ,himself1 in exercising dominion by and through some attribute 444 ,abstracted from this1 there can be no attribute1 conception1 or ideal of ,him4 ,he is comparable only to the ,sea1 filling some great reservoir1 its bed in the earth1 for example2 wherein it fashions for itself a certain concavity1 so that thereby we may begin to compute the dimensions of the ,sea itself4 ,for example1 the ,spring and ,source of the ,ocean is a somewhat1 which is one4 ,if from this ,source or ,spring there issues forth a certain fountain1 proportioned to the space occupied by the ,sea in that hemispherical reservoir1 such as is the letter ,yd1 there the ,source of ,spring is the first somewhat1 and the fountain that flows forth from it is the second4 ,then let there be made a great reservoir1 as by excavation1 and let this be called the ,ocean1 and we have the third thing1 a vessel ,vas4 ,now let this great reservoir be divided into seven beds of rivers1 that is1 into seven oblong reservoirs1 so that from this ocean the waters may flow forth in seven rivers2 and the ,source1 ,fountain1 and ,ocean thus make ten in all4 ,the ,cause of ,causes made ten ,numerations1 and called the ,source of ,spring ,,kether1 ,corona1 the ,crown1 in which the idea of circularity is involved1 for there is no end to the out-flow of ,light2 and therefore ,he called this1 like ,himself1 endless2 for this also1 like ,him1 has no similitude or configuration1 nor hath it any vessel or receptacle wherein it may be contained1 or by means whereof any possible cognizance can be had of it4 ,after thus forming the ,crown1 ,he constituted a certain smaller receptacle1 the letter ,yd1 and filled it from that source2 and this is called ,the ,fountain gushing with ,wisdom1 and1 manifested in this1 ,he called ,himself ,,wise1 and the vessel ,he called ,,hakemah1 ,wisdom1 ,sapientia4 ,then ,he also constituted a great reservoir1 which ,he called the ,ocean2 and to it ,he gave the name of ,,binah1 ,understanding1 ,intelligentia4 ,in this ,he characterized ,himself as ,intelligent or ,conceiver4 ,,he is indeed the ,absolutely ,wise and ,intelligent1 but ,hakemah is not ,absolute ,wisdom of itself1 but is wise by means of ,binah1 who fills ,himself from it1 and if this supply were taken from it1 would be dry and unintelligent4 ,and thereupon seven precious vessels become1 to which are given the following names3 ,,gedulah1 ,magnificence or ,benignity or ,,khased1 ,mercy2 ,,geburah1 ,austerity1 ,rigor or ,severity2 ,,tephareth2 ,beauty2 ,,netsakh1 ,victory2 ,h,d1 ,glory2 ,,yesod1 ,foundation or ,basis2 and ,,malakoth1 ,rule1 ,reign1 ,royalty1 ,dominion or ,power4 ,and in ,,gedulah ,he took the character of ,great and ,benignant2 in ,,geburah1 of ,severe2 in ,,tephareth1 of ,beautiful2 in ,,netsakh1 of ,overcoming2 in ,h,d1 of ,,our ,,glorious ,,author2 in ,,yesod1 of ,just1 by ,yesod all vessels and worlds being upheld2 and in ,,malakoth ,he applied to ,himself the title of ,king4 ,these numerations or ,sephiroths are held in the ,kabala to have been originally contained in each other2 that is1 ,kether contained the nine others1 ,hakemah contained ,binah1 and ,binah contained the last seven4 ,for all things1 says the commentary of ,rabbi ,jizchak ,lorja1 in a certain most abstruse manner1 consist or reside and are contained in ,binah1 and it projects them1 and sends them downward1 species by species1 into the several worlds of ,emanation1 ,creation1 ,formation1 and ,fabrication2 all whereof are derived from what are above them1 and are termed their out-flowings2 for1 from the potency which was their state there1 they descend into actuality4 ,the ,,introduction says3 ,it is said in many places in the ,sohar1 that all things that emanate or are created have their root above4 ,hence also the ,ten ,sephiroth have their root above1 in the world of the garment1 with the very ,substance of ,,him4 ,and ,,ainsoph had full consciousness and appreciation1 prior to their actual existence1 of all the ,grades and ,impersonations contained unmanifested within ,himself1 with regard to the essence of each1 and its domination then in potency 444 ,when ,he came to the ,sephirah of the ,impersonation ,malakoth1 which ,he then contained hidden within ,himself1 ,he concluded within ,himself that therein worlds should be framed2 since the scale of the first nine ,sephiroths was so constituted1 that it was neither fit nor necessary for worlds to be framed from them2 for all the attributes of these nine ,superior ,sephiroth could be assigned to ,himself1 even if ,he should never operate outwardly2 but ,malakoth1 which is ,empire or ,dominion1 could not be attributed to ,him1 unless ,he ruled over other ,existences2 whence from the point ,malakoth ,he produced all the worlds into actuality4 ,these circles are ten in number4 ,originated by points1 they expanded in circular shape4 ,ten ,circles1 under the mystery of the ten ,sephiroth1 and between them ten ,spaces2 whence it appears that the sphere of ,splendor is in the centre of the space ,malakoth of the ,first ,occult ,adam4 ,the ,first ,adam1 in the ten circles above the ,splendor1 is called the ,first occult ,adam2 and in each of these spaces are formed many thousand worlds4 ,the first ,adam is involved in the ,primal ,ether1 and is the analogue of the world ,binah4 ,again the ,introduction repeats the first and second descent of ,yd into the vacated space1 to make the light there less great and subtile2 the constitution of the ,tehiru1 ,splendor1 from the light left behind there by him2 the communication of ,light to him by the female letter ,he2 the emission by him of that ,light1 within the sphere of ,splendor1 and the formation thereof1 within the sphere of a certain sphere called the ,supreme ,crown1 ,corona ,summa1 ,,kether1 wherein were contained1 in potence1 all the remaining ,numerations1 so that they were not distinguishable from it4 ,precisely as in man exist the four elements1 in potence specifically undistinguishable1 so in this ,corona were in potence all the ten ,numerations1 specifically undistinguishable4 ,this ,crown1 it is added1 was called1 after the restoration1 ,the ,cause of ,causes1 and the ,ancient of the ,ancients4 ,the point1 ,kether1 adds the ,introduction1 was the aggregate of all the ,ten 444 when it first emanated1 it consisted of all the ,ten2 and the ,light which extended from the ,emanative ,principle simultaneously flowed into it2 and beheld the two ,universals that is1 the ,unities out of which manifoldness flows2 as1 for example1 the idea1 within the ,deity1 of ,humanity as a ,unit1 out of which the individuals were to flow1 the ,vessel or ,receptacle containing this immitted ,light1 and the ,light ,itself within it4 ,and this ,light is the ,substance of the point ,kether2 for the ,,will1 of ,god is the ,soul of all things that are4 ,the ,ainsophic ,light1 it had said1 was infinite in every direction1 and without end or limit4 ,to prevent it from flowing into and re-filling the quasi-vacant space1 occupied by an infinitely less ,splendor1 a partition between the greater and lesser ,splendor was necessary2 and this partition1 the boundary of the sphere of ,splendor1 and a like one bounding the sphere ,kether1 were called ,vessels or ,receptacles1 containing1 including1 and enclosing within themselves the light of the sphere4 ,imagine a sea of pellucid water1 and in the centre of it a spherical mass of denser and darker water4 ,the outer surface of this sphere1 or its limits every way1 is the vessel containing it4 ,the ,kabalah regards the vessels as by their nature somewhat opaque1 and not so splendid as the light they enclose4 ,the contained ,light is the ,soul of the vessels1 and is active in them1 like the ,human ,soul in the human body4 ,the ,light of the ,emanative ,principle ,ainsoph inheres in the vessels1 as their ,life1 internal ,light1 and ,soul 444 ,kether emanated1 with its ,very ,substance1 at the same time as ,substance and ,vessel1 in like manner as the flame is annexed to the live coal1 and as the ,soul pervades1 and is within1 the body4 ,all the ,numerations were potentially contained in it4 ,and this potentiality is thus explained3 ,when a woman conceives1 a ,soul is immediately sent into the embryo which is to become the infant1 in which ,soul are then1 potentially1 all the members and veins of the body1 which afterward1 from that potency of the ,soul1 become in the human body of the child to be born4 ,then the wisdom of ,god commanded that these ,numerations potentially in ,kether1 should be produced from potentiality into actuality1 in order that worlds might consist2 and ,,he directed ,yd again to descend1 and to enter into and shine within ,kether1 and then to re-ascend3 which was so done4 ,from which illumination and re-ascension1 all the other numerations1 potentially in ,kether1 were manifested and disclosed2 but they continued still compacted together1 remaining within ,kether in a circle4 ,when ,god willed to produce the other emanations or numerations from ,kether1 it is added1 ,,he sent ,yd down again1 to the upper part of ,kether1 one-half of him to remain without and one-half to penetrate within the sphere of ,kether4 ,then ,he sent the letter ,vav into the ,splendor1 to pour out its light on ,yd3 and thus1-- ,yd received light from ,vav1 and thereby so directed his countenance that it should illuminate and confer exceeding great energy on ,hakemah1 which yet remained in ,kether2 so giving it the faculty to proceed forth therefrom2 and that it might collect and contain within itself1 and there reveal1 all the other eight numerations1 until that time in ,kether4 ,the sphere of ,kether opened1 and thereout issued ,hakemah1 to remain below ,kether1 containing in itself all the other numerations4 ,by a similar process1 ,binah1 illuminated within ,hakemah by a second ,yd1 issued forth out of ,hakemah1 having within itself the ,seven lower ,numerations4 ,and since the vessel of ,binah was excellent1 and coruscated with rays of the color of sapphire1 and was so nearly of the same color as the vessel of ,hakemah that there was scarcely any difference between them1 hence it would not quietly remain below ,hakemah1 but rose1 and placed itself on his left side4 ,and because the light from above profusely flowed into and accumulated in the vessel of ,hakemah1 to so great an extent that it overflowed1 and escaped1 coruscating1 outside of that vessel1 and1 flowing off to the left1 communicated potency and increase to the vessel of ,binah4444 ,for ,binah is female4444 ,binah1 therefore1 by means of this energy that flowed into it from the left side of ,hakemah1 by virtue of the second ,yd1 came to possess such virtue and potency1 as to project beyond itself the ,seven remaining vessels contained within itself1 and so emitted them all1 continuously1 one after the other 444 all connected and linked one with the other1 like the links of a chain4 ,three points first emanated1 one under the other2 ,kether1 ,hakemah1 and ,binah2 and1 so far1 there was no copulation4 ,but afterward the positions of ,hakemah and ,binah changed1 so that they were side by side1 ,kether remaining above them2 and then conjunction of the ,male and ,female1 ,,aba and ,,imma1 ,father and ,mother1 as points4 ,he1 from ,whom all emanated1 created ,adam ,kadmon1 consisting of all the worlds1 so that in him should be somewhat from those above1 and somewhat from those below4 ,hence in ,him was ,,nephesch ,,psyche1 anima infima1 the lowest spiritual part of man1 ,soul1 from the world ,,asiah1 which is one letter ,he of the ,tetragrammaton2 ,,ruach ,,spiritus1 anima media1 the next higher spiritual part1 or ,spirit1 from the world ,,yezirah1 which is the ,vav of the ,tetragrammaton2 ,,neschamah the highest spiritual part1 mens or anima superior1 from the world ,,briah1 which is the other letter ,he2 and ,,neschamah ,,leneschamah1 from the world ,,atsiluth1 which is the ,y,d of the ,tetragrammaton4 ,and these letters the ,sephiroth were changed from the spherical form into the form of a person1 the symbol of which person is the ,,balance1 it being ,male and ,female 444 ,hakemah on one side1 ,binah on the other1 and ,kether over them3 and so ,gedulah on one side1 ,geburah on the other1 and ,tephareth under them4 ,the ,book ,omschim says3 ,some hold that the ten ,sephiroth succeeded one another in ten degrees1 one above the other1 in regular gradation1 one connected with the other in a direct line1 from the highest to the lowest4 ,others hold that they issued forth in three lines1 parallel with each other1 one on the right hand1 one on the left1 and one in the middle2 so that1 beginning with the highest and going clown to the lowest1 ,hakemah1 ,khased or ,gedulah1 and ,netsach are one over the other1 in a perpendicular line1 on the right hand2 ,binah1 ,geburah1 and ,hd on the left2 and ,kether1 ,tephareth1 ,yesod1 and ,malakoth in the middle3 and many hold that all the ten subsist in circles1 one within the other1 and all homocentric4 ,it is also to be noted1 that the ,sephirothic tables contain still another numeration1 sometimes called also a ,sephirah1 which is called ,daath1 cognition4 ,it is in the middle1 below ,hakemah and ,binah1 and is the result of the conjunction of these two4 ,to ,adam ,kadmon1 the ,idea of the ,universe1 the ,kabalah assigns a human form4 ,in this1 ,kether is the cranium1 ,hakemah and ,binah the two lobes of the brain1 ,gedulah and ,geburah the two arms1 ,tephareth the trunk1 ,netsach and ,hd the thighs1 ,yesod the male organ1 and ,malkuth the female organ1 of generation4 ,yd is ,hakemah1 and ,he ,binah2 ,vav is ,tephareth1 and the last ,he1 ,malkuth4 ,the whole1 say the ,books ,mysterii or of ,occultation1 is thus summed up3 ,the intention of ,god ,the ,blessed was to form ,impersonations1 in order to diminish the ,light4 ,wherefore ,,he constituted1 in ,macroprosopos1 ,adam ,kadmon1 or ,arik ,anpin2 three ,heads4 ,the first is called1 ,the ,head whereof is no cognition2 the second1 ,the ,head of that which is non-existent2 and the third1 ,the ,very ,head of ,macroprosopos2 and these three are ,corona1 ,sapientia1 and ,informatio1 ,kether1 ,hakemah1 and ,binah1 existent in the ,corona of the ,world of ,emanation1 or in ,macroprosopos2 and these three are called in the ,sohar ,,atika ,,kadischa1 ,senex ,sanctissimus1 ,the ,most ,holy ,ancient4 ,but the ,seven inferior ,royalties of the first ,adam are called ,the ,ancient of ,days2 and this ,ancient of ,days is the internal part1 or ,soul1 of ,macroprosopos4 ,the human mind has never struggled harder to understand and explain to itself the process of creation1 and of ,divine manifestation1 and at the same time to conceal its thoughts from all but the initiated1 than in the ,kabalah4 ,hence1 much of it seems at first like jargon4 ,macroprosopos or ,adam ,kadmon is1 we have said1 the idea or intellectual aggregate of the whole ,universe1 included and contained unevolved in the manifested ,deity1 ,himself yet contained unmanifested in the ,absolute4 ,the ,head1 ,kether1 whereof is no cognition1 is the ,will of the ,deity1 or the ,deity as ,will4 ,hakemah1 the head of that which is non-existent1 is the ,generative ,power of begetting or producing ,thought2 yet in the ,deity1 not in action1 and therefore non-existent4 ,binah1 the very or actual head of ,macroprosopos1 is the productive intellectual capacity1 which1 impregnated by ,hakemah1 is to produce the ,thought4 ,this ,thought is ,daath2 or rather1 the result is ,intellection1 ,thinking2 the ,unity1 of which ,thoughts are the manifold outflowings4 ,this may be illustrated by a comparison4 ,pain1 in the human being1 is a feeling or sensation4 ,it must be produced4 ,to produce it1 there must be1 not only the capacity to produce it1 in the nerves1 but also the power of generating it by means of that capacity4 ,this generative ,power1 the ,passive ,capacity which produces1 and the pain produced1 are like ,hakemah1 ,binah1 and ,daath4 ,the four ,worlds or ,universals1 ,aziluth1 ,briah1 ,yetzirah1 and ,asiah1 of ,emanation1 ,creation1 ,formation1 and ,fabrication1 are another enigma of the ,kabalah4 ,the first three are wholly within the ,deity4 ,the first is the ,universe1 as it exists potentially in the ,deity1 determined and imagined1 but as yet wholly formless and undeveloped1 except so far as it is contained in ,his ,emanations4 ,the second is the ,universe in idea1 distinct within the ,deity1 but not invested with forms2 a simple unity4 ,the third is the same ,universe in potence in the ,deity1 unmanifested1 but invested with forms1--the idea developed into manifoldness and individuality1 and succession of species and individuals2 and the fourth is the potentiality become the ,actuality1 the ,universe fabricated1 and existing as it exists for us4 ,the ,sephiroth1 says the ,porta ,clorum1 by the virtue of their ,infinite ,emanator1 who uses them as a workman uses his tools1 and who operates with and through them1 are the cause of existence of everything created1 formed1 and fashioned1 employing in their production certain media4 ,but these same ,sephiroth1 ,persons and ,lights1 are not creatures per se1 but ideas1 and ,rays of ,,the ,,infinite1 which1 by different gradations1 so descended from the ,supreme ,source as still not to be severed from ,it2 but ,it1 through them1 is extended to the production and government of all ,entities1 and is the ,single and ,perfect ,universal ,cause of ,all1 though becoming determinate for this or the other operation1 through this or that ,sephiroth or ,,mode4 ,god produced all things by ,his ,intellect and ,will and free ,determination4 ,he willed to produce them by the mediation of ,his ,sephiroth1 and ,persons 444 by which ,he is enabled most perfectly to manifest ,himself2 and that the more perfectly1 by producing the causes themselves1 and the ,causes of ,causes1 and not merely the viler effects4 ,god produced1 in the first ,originate1 all the remaining causates4 ,for1 as ,he ,himself is most simply ,one1 and from ,one ,simple ,being ,one only can immediately proceed1 hence it results that from the ,first ,supreme ,infinite ,unity flowed forth at the same time ,all and ,one4 ,one1 that is1 in so far as flowing from the ,most ,simple ,unity1 and being like unto ,it2 but also ,all1 in so far as1 departing from that perfect ,singleness which can be measured by no other ,singleness1 it became1 to a certain extent1 manifold1 though still ,absolute and ,perfect4 ,emanation1 says the same1 is the ,resulting displayed from the ,unresulting1 the ,finite from the ,infinite1 the ,manifold and ,composite from the ,perfect ,single and ,simple1 ,potentiality from that which is ,infinite ,power and ,act1 the mobile from that which is perennially permanent2 and therefore in a more imperfect and diminished mode than ,his ,infinite ,perfection is4 ,as the ,first ,cause is all things1 in an unresulting and ,infinite mode1 so the ,entities that flow from ,him are the ,first ,causes1 in a resulting and finite mode4 ,,the ,,necessary ,,entity1 subsisting of ,itself1 as ,it cannot be dissevered into the manifold1 yet becomes1 as it were1 multiplied in the ,causates1 in respect of their ,nature1 or of the ,subsistences1 ,vessels1 and openings assigned to them2 whereby the ,single and ,infinite ,essence1 being inclosed or comprehended in these limits1 bounds1 or externalnesses1 takes on ,itself ,definiteness of dimension1 and becomes ,itself manifold1 by the manifoldness of these envelopes4 ,as man the unit of ,humanity is a microcosm1 so ,adam ,kadmon is a macrocosm1 containing all the ,causates of the ,first ,cause 444 as the ,material ,man is the end and completion of all creation1 so in the ,divine ,man is the beginning thereof4 ,as the inferior ,adam receives all things from all1 so the superior ,adam supplies all things to all4 ,as the former is the principle of reflected light1 so the latter is of ,direct ,light4 ,the former is the terminus of the ,light1 descending2 the latter its terminus1 ascending4 ,as the ,inferior man ascends from the lowest matter even to the ,first ,cause1 so the ,superior ,adam descends from the ,simple and ,infinite ,act1 even to the lowest and most attenuated ,potence4 ,the ,ternary is the bringing back of duality to unity4 ,the ,ternary is the ,principle of ,number1 because1 bringing back the binary to unity1 it restores to it the same quantity whereby it had departed from unity4 ,it is the first odd number1 containing in itself the first even number and the unit1 which are the ,father and ,mother of all ,numbers2 and it has in itself the beginning1 middle1 and end4 ,now1 ,adam ,kadmon emanated from the ,absolute ,unity1 and so is himself a unit2 but he also descends and flows downward into his own ,nature1 and so is duality4 ,again1 he returns to the ,unity1 which he hath in himself1 and to ,the ,highest1 and so is the ,ternary and ,quaternary4 ,and this is why the ,essential ,name has four letters1--three different ones1 and one of them once repeated2 since the first ,he is the wife of the ,yd1 and the second ,he is the wife of the ,vav4 ,those media which manifest the ,first ,cause1 in ,himself profoundly hidden1 are the ,sephiroth1 which emanate immediately from that ,first ,cause1 and by ,its ,nature have produced and do control all the rest4 ,these ,sephiroth were put forth from the ,one ,first and ,simple1 manifesting ,his ,infinite ,goodness4 ,they are the mirrors of ,his ,truth1 and the analogues of ,his ,supremest ,essence1 the ,ideas of ,his ,wisdom1 and the representations of ,his will2 the receptacles of ,his ,potency1 and the instruments with which ,he operates2 the ,treasury of ,his ,felicity1 the dispensers of ,his ,benignity1 the ,judges of ,his ,kingdom1 and reveal ,his ,law2 and finally1 the ,denominations1 ,attributes1 and ,names of ,him ,who is above all and the ,cause of all 444 the ten categories1 wherein all things are contained2 the universal genera1 which in themselves include all things1 and utter them outwardly 444 the ,second ,causes1 whereby the ,first ,cause effects1 preserves1 and governs all things2 the rays of the ,divinity1 whereby all things are illumined and manifested2 the ,forms and ,ideas and ,species1 out whereof all things issue forth2 the ,souls and ,potencies1 whereby essence1 life1 and movement are given to all things2 the ,standard of times1 whereby all things are measured2 the incorporeal ,spaces which1 in themselves1 hold and inclose the ,universe2 the ,supernal ,monads to which all manifolds are referred1 and through them to ,the ,one and ,simple2 and finally the ,formal ,perfections1 flowing forth from and still connected with the ,one ,eminent ,limitless ,perfection1 are the ,causes of all dependent ,perfections1 and so illuminate the elementary ,intelligences1 not adjoined to matter1 and the intellectual ,souls1 and the ,celestial1 ,elemental and ,element-produced bodies4 ,the ,,idra ,,suta says3 ,,he1 the ,most ,holy ,hidden ,eldest1 separates ,himself1 and is ever more and more separated from all that are2 nor yet does ,,he in very deed separate ,himself2 because all things cohere with ,him and ,,he with ,all4 ,,he is ,all that is1 the ,most ,holy ,eldest of ,all1 the ,occult by all possible occultations4 ,when ,,he takes shape1 ,,he produces nine ,lights1 which shine forth from ,him1 from ,his outforming4 ,and those ,lights outshine from ,him and emit flames1 and go forth and spread out on every side2 as from one elevated ,lamp the ,rays are poured forth in every direction1 and these ,rays thus diverging1 are found to be1 when one approaching has cognizance of them1 but a single ,lamp4 ,the ,space in which to create is fixed by ,,the ,,most ,,holy ,,ancient1 and illuminated by ,his inflowing1 which is the ,light of ,wisdom1 and the ,beginning from which manifestation flows4 ,and ,,he is conformed in three ,heads1 which are but one ,head2 and these three are extended into ,microprosopos1 and from them shines out all that is4 ,then this ,wisdom instituted investiture with form1 whereby the unmanifested and informous became manifested1 putting on form2 and produced a certain outflow4 ,when this ,wisdom is thus expanded by flowing forth1 then it is called ,father of ,fathers1 the whole ,universe of ,things being contained and comprehended in it4 ,this ,wisdom is the principle of all things1 and in it beginning and end are found4 ,the ,book of the ,abstruse1 says the ,siphra de ,zeniutha1 is that which describes the equilibrium of the ,balance4 ,before the ,balance was1 face did not look toward face4 ,and the ,commentary on it says3 ,the ,scales of the ,balance are designated as ,male and ,female4 ,in the ,spiritual world ,evil and ,good are in equilibrio1 and it will be restored1 when of the ,evil ,good becomes1 until all is ,good4 ,also this other world is called the ,world of the ,balance4 ,for1 as in the ,balance are two scales1 one on either side and the beam and needle between them1 so too in this world of restoration1 the ,numerations are arranged as distinct persons4 ,for ,hakemah is on the right hand1 on the side of ,gedulah1 and ,binah on the left1 on the side of ,geburah2 and ,kether is the beam of the ,balance above them in the middle4 ,so ,gedulah or ,khased is on one hand1 and ,geburah on the other1 and under these ,tephareth2 and ,netsach is on one side1 and ,hd on the other1 and under these ,yesd4 ,the ,supreme ,crown1 which is the ,ancient ,most ,holy1 the most ,hidden of the ,hidden1 is fashioned1 within the occult ,wisdom1 of both sexes1 ,male and ,female4 ,hakemah1 and ,binah1 the ,mother1 whom it impregnates1 are quantitatively equal4 ,wisdom and the ,mother of ,intellection go forth at once and dwell together2 for when the ,intellectual ,power emanates1 the productive ,source of intellection is included in ,him4 ,before ,adam ,kadmon was fashioned into ,male and ,female1 and the state of equilibrium introduced1 the ,father and ,mother did not look each other in the face2 for the ,father denotes most perfect ,love1 and the ,mother most perfect ,rigor2 and she averted her face4 ,there is no left female1 says the ,idra ,rabba1 in the ,ancient and ,hidden ,one2 but ,his totality is ,right male4 ,the totality of things is ,,hua1 ,,he1 and ,,he is hidden on every side4 ,macroprosopos ,adam ,kadmon is not so near unto us as to speak to us in the first person2 but is designated in the third person1 ,,hua1 ,,he4 ,of the letters it says3 ,yd is male1 ,he is female1 ,vav is both4 ,in ,yd are three ,yds1 the upper and the lower apex1 and ,vav in the middle4 ,by the upper apex is denoted the ,supreme ,kether2 by ,vav in the middle1 ,hakemah2 and by the lower apex1 ,binah4 ,the ,,idra ,,suta says3 ,the ,universe was out-formed in the form of ,male and ,female4 ,wisdom1 pregnant with all that is1 when it flowed and shone forth1 shone altogether under the form of male and female4 ,hakemah is the ,father1 and ,binah is the ,mother2 and so the two are in equilibrium as male and female1 and for this reason1 all things whatsoever are constituted in the form of male and female2 and if it were not so they would not exist4 ,this ,principle1 ,hakemah1 is the ,generator of all things2 and ,he and ,binah conjoin1 and she shines within ,him4 ,when they thus conjoin1 she conceives1 and the out-flow is ,truth4 ,yd impregnates the letter ,he and begets a son2 and she1 thus pregnant1 brings forth4 ,the ,principle called ,father the ,male or ,generative ,principle is comprehended in ,yd1 which itself flows downward from the energy of the ,absolute ,holy ,one4 ,yd is the beginning and the end of all things that are4 ,the stream that flows forth is the ,universe of things1 which always becomes1 having no cessation4 ,and this becoming world is created by ,yd3 for ,yd includes two letters4 ,all things are included in ,yd2 wherefore it is called the ,father of all4 ,all ,categories whatever go forth from ,hakemah2 and in it are contained all things1 unmanifested2 and the aggregate of all things1 or the ,unity in which the many are1 and out of which all flow1 is the ,sacred ,name ,,ihuh4 ,in the view of the ,kabalists1 all individuals are contained in species1 and all species in genera1 and all particulars in a ,universal1 which is an idea1 abstracted from all consideration of individuals2 not an aggregate of individuals2 but1 as it were1 an ,ens1 ,entity or ,being1 ideal or intellectual1 but none the less real2 prior to any individual1 containing them all1 and out of which they are all in succession evolved4 ,if this discontents you1 reflect that1 supposing the theory correct1 that all was originally in the ,deity1 and that the ,universe has proceeded forth from ,him1 and not been created by ,him out of nothing1 the idea of the ,universe1 existing in the ,deity before its out-flow1 must have been as real as the ,deity ,himself4 ,the whole ,human race1 or ,humanity1 for example1 then existed in the ,deity1 not distinguished into individuals1 but as a ,unit1 out of which the ,manifold was to flow4 ,everything actual must also first have been possible1 before having actual existence2 and this possibility or potentiality was to the ,kabalists a real ,ens4 ,before the evolvement of the ,universe1 it had to exist potentially1 the whole of it1 with all its individuals1 included in a single ,unity4 ,this was the ,idea or ,plan of the ,universe2 and this had to be formed4 ,it had to emanate from the ,infinite ,deity1 and be of ,himself1 though not ,his ,very ,self4 ,geburah1 ,severity1 the ,sephirah opposite to and conjoined sexually with ,gedulah1 to produce ,tephareth1 ,harmony and ,beauty1 is also called in the ,kabalah ,judgment1 in which term are included the ideas of limitation and conditioning1 which often seems1 indeed1 to be its principal sense2 while ,benignity is as often styled ,infinite4 ,thus it is obscurely taught that in everything that is1 not only the ,finite but also the ,infinite is present2 and that the rigor of the stern law of limitation1 by which everything below or beside the ,infinite ,absolute is limited1 bounded1 and conditioned1 is tempered and modified by the grace1 which so relaxes it that the ,infinite1 ,unlimited1 ,unconditioned1 is also everywhere present2 and that it is thus the ,spiritual and ,material ,natures are in equilibrio1 ,good everywhere counterbalancing ,evil1 ,light everywhere in equilibrium with ,darkness3 from which again results the ,universal ,harmony of things4 ,in the vacant space effected for creation1 there at last remained a faint vestige or trace of ,ainsophic ,light1 of the ,light of the ,substance of the ,infinite4 ,man is thus both human and divine3 and the apparent antagonisms in his ,nature are a real equilibrium1 if he wills it shall be so2 from which results the ,harmony1 not only of ,life and ,action1 but of ,virtue and ,perfection4 ,to understand the ,kabalistic idea of the ,sephiroth1 it must be borne in mind that they were assigned1 not only to the world of ,emanation1 ,aziluth1 but also to each of the other worlds1 ,briah1 ,jezirah1 and ,asiah4 ,they were not only attributes of the ,unmanifested ,deity1 not only ,himself in limitation1 but ,his actual manifestations1 or ,his qualities made apparent as modes2 and they were also qualities of the ,universal ,nature--,spiritual1 ,mental1 and ,material1 produced and made existent by the outflow of ,himself4 ,in the view of the ,kabalah1 ,god and the ,universe were ,one1 and in the ,one ,general1 as the type or source1 were included and involved1 and from it have been evolved and issued forth1 the manifold and all particulars4 ,where1 indeed1 does individuality begin8 ,is it the ,hidden ,source and ,spring alone that is the individual1 the ,unit1 or is it the flowing fountain that fills the ocean1 or the ocean itself1 or its waves1 or the drops1 or the vaporous particles1 that are the individuals8 ,the ,sea and the ,river--these are each ,one2 but the drops of each are many4 ,the tree is one2 but its leaves are a multitude3 they drop with the frosts1 and fall upon his roots2 but the tree still continues to grow1 and new leaves come again in the ,spring4 ,is the ,human ,race not the ,tree1 and are not individual men the leaves8 ,how else explain the force of will and sympathy1 and the dependence of one man at every instant of his life on others1 except by the oneness of the race8 ,the links that bind all created things together are the links of a single ,unity1 and the whole ,universe is ,one1 developing itself into the manifold4 ,obtuse commentators have said that the ,kabalah assigns sexual characteristics to the very ,deity4 ,there is no warrant for such an assertion1 anywhere in the ,sohar or in any commentary upon it4 ,on the contrary1 the whole doctrine of the ,kabalah is based on the fundamental proposition1 that the ,very ,deity is ,infinite1 everywhere extended1 without limitation or determination1 and therefore without any conformation whatever4 ,in order to commence the process of creation1 it was necessary for ,him1 first of all1 to effect a vacant space within ,himself4 ,to this end the ,deity1 whose ,nature is approximately expressed by describing ,him as ,light filling all space1 formless1 limitless1 contracts ,himself on all sides from a point within ,himself1 and thus effects a quasi-vacant space1 in which only a vestige of ,his ,light remains2 and into this circular or spherical space ,he immits ,his ,emanations1 portions of ,his ,light or ,nature2 and to some of these1 sexual characteristics are symbolically assigned4 ,the ,infinite first limits ,himself by flowing forth in the shape of ,will1 of determination to act4 ,this ,will of the ,deity1 or the ,deity as will1 is ,kether1 or the ,crown1 the first ,sephirah4 ,in it are included all other ,emanations4 ,this is a philosophical necessity4 ,the ,infinite does not first will1 and then1 as a sequence to1 or consequence of1 that determination1 subsequently perform4 ,to will and to act must be1 with ,him1 not only simultaneous1 but in reality the same 444 ,nor does ,he1 by ,his ,omniscience1 learn that a particular action will be wise1 and then1 in consequence of being so convinced1 first determine to do the act1 and then do it4 ,his ,wisdom and ,his ,will1 also1 act simultaneously2 and1 with ,him1 to decide that it was wise to create1 was to create4 ,thus ,his will contains in itself all the ,sephiroth4 ,this will1 determining ,him to the exercise of intellection1 to thought1 to frame the ,idea of the ,universe1 caused the ,power in ,him to excite the intellectual ,faculty to exercise1 and was that ,power4 ,its ,,self1 which had flowed forth from ,ainsoph as ,will1 now flows forth as the ,generative ,power to beget intellectual action in the ,intellectual ,faculty1 or ,intelligence1 ,binah4 ,the ,act itself1 the ,thought1 the ,intellection1 producing the ,idea1 is ,daath2 and as the text of the ,siphra de ,zeniutha says1 ,the ,power and ,faculty1 the ,generative and ,productive1 the ,active and ,passive1 the ,will and ,capacity1 which unite to produce that ,act of reflection or ,thought or ,intellection1 are always in conjunction4 ,as is elsewhere said in the ,kabalah1 both of them are contained and essentially involved in the result4 ,and the ,will1 as ,wisdom or ,intellectual ,power1 and the ,capacity or ,faculty1 are really the ,father and ,mother of all that is2 for to the creation of anything1 it was absolutely necessary that ,the ,infinite should form for ,himself and in ,himself1 an idea of what ,,he willed to produce or create3 and1 as there is no ,time with ,him1 to will was to create1 to plan was to will and to create2 and in the ,idea1 the ,universe in potence1 the universal succession or things was included4 ,thenceforward all was merely evolution and development4 ,netsach and ,hd1 the ,seventh and ,eighth ,sephiroth1 are usually called in the ,kabalah1 ,victory and ,glory4 ,netsach is the perfect ,success1 which1 with the ,deity1 to ,whom the ,future is present1 attends1 and to ,his creatures is to result1 from the plan of ,equilibrium everywhere adopted by ,him4 ,it is the reconciliation of ,light and ,darkness1 ,good and ,evil1 ,free-will and ,necessity1 ,god's omnipotence and ,man's liberty2 and the harmonious issue and result of all1 without which the ,universe would be a failure4 ,it is the inherent ,perfection of the ,deity1 manifested in ,his ,idea of the ,universe1 and in all the departments or worlds1 spiritual1 mental1 or material1 of that ,universe2 but it is that ,perfection regarded as the successful result1 which it both causes or produces and is2 the perfection of the plan being its success4 ,it is the prevailing of ,wisdom over ,accident2 and it1 in turn1 both produces and is the ,glory and ,laudation of the ,great ,infinite ,contriver1 whose plan is thus ,successful and ,victorious4 ,from these two1 which are one1--from the excellence and perfection of the ,divine ,nature and ,wisdom1 considered as ,success and ,glory1 as the opposites of ,failure and ,mortification1 results what the ,kabalah1 styling it ,yesod1 ,foundation or ,basis1 characterizes as the ,generative member of the ,symbolical human figure by which the ten ,sephiroth are represented1 and from this flows ,malakoth1 ,empire1 ,dominion1 or ,rule4 ,yesod is the ,stability and ,permanence1 which would1 in ordinary language1 be said to result from the perfection of the ,idea or ,intellectual ,universal1 out of which all particulars are evolved2 from the success of that scheme1 and the consequent ,glory or ,self-,satisfaction of the ,deity2 but which ,stability and ,permanence that ,perfection1 ,success1 and ,glory really ,is2 since the ,deity1 infinitely ,wise1 and to ,whom the ,past1 ,present1 and ,future were and always will be one ,now1 and all space one ,,here1 had not to await the operation and evolution of ,his plan1 as men do the result of an experiment1 in order to see if it would succeed1 and so to determine whether it should stand1 and be stable and permanent1 or fall and be temporary4 ,its ,perfection was its ,success2 ,his ,glory1 its permanence and stability3 and the ,attributes of ,permanence and ,stability belong1 like the others1 to the ,universe1 material1 mental1 spiritual1 and real1 because and as they belong to the ,infinite ,himself4 ,this ,stability and ,permanence causes continuance and generates succession4 ,it is ,perpetuity1 and continuity without solution2 and by this continuous succession1 whereby out of ,death comes new ,life1 out of dissolution and resolution comes reconstruction1 ,necessity and ,fatality result as a consequence3 that is to say1 the absolute control and dominion 7,malakoth7 of ,the ,infinite ,deity over all that ,he produces1 and over chance and accident2 and the absolute non-existence in the ,universe1 in ,time and in ,space1 of any other powers or influences than those which1 proceeding from ,him1 are and cannot not be perfectly submissive to ,his will4 ,this results1 humanly speaking2 but in reality1 the ,perfection of the plan1 which is its success1 ,his glory1 and its stability1 ,,is also ,his ,absolute ,autocracy1 and the utter absence of ,chance1 ,accident1 or ,antagonism4 ,and1 as the ,infinite ,wisdom or ,absolute ,reason rules in the ,divine ,nature itself1 so also it does in its ,emanations1 and in the worlds or systems of ,spirit1 ,soul1 and ,matter2 in each of which there is as little ,chance or ,accident or ,unreasoning ,fate1 as in the ,divine ,nature unmanifested4 ,this is the ,kabalistic theory as to each of the four worlds2--#ast1 of the ,divine ,nature1 or ,divinity itself1 quantitatively limited and determined1 but not manifested into ,entities1 which is the world of ,emanation2 #b;d1 of the first ,entities1 that is1 of ,spirits and ,angels1 which is the world of ,creation2 #c;d1 of the first forms2 souls1 or psychical natures1 which is the world of ,formation or ,fashioning2 and1 #dth1 of ,matter and ,bodies1 which is the world of ,fabrication1 or1 as it were1 of manufacture4 ,in each of these the ,deity is present1 as1 in1 and through the ,ten ,sephiroth4 ,first of these1 in each1 is ,kether1 the ,crown1 ring1 or circlet1 the ,,head4 ,next1 in that ,head1 as the two ,hemispheres of the ,brain1 are ,hakemah and ,binah1 and their result and progeny1 ,daath4 ,these three are found also in the ,spiritual world1 and are universals in the psychical and material world1 producing the lower ,sephiroth4 ,then follow1 in perfect ,equilibrium1 ,law and ,equity1 ,justice and ,mercy1 the ,divine ,infinite ,nature and the ,human ,finite ,nature1 ,good and ,evil1 ,light and ,darkness1 ,benignity and ,severity1 the ,male and the ,female again1 as ,hakerrah and ,binah are1 mutually tempering each other1 and by their intimate union producing the other ,sephiroth4 ,the whole ,universe1 and all the succession of entities and events were present to ,the ,infinite1 before any act of creation2 and ,his ,benignity and ,leniency1 tempering and qualifying the law of rigorous ,justice and inflexible ,retribution1 enabled ,him to create3 because1 but for it1 and if ,he could not but have administered the strict and stern law of justice1 that would have compelled ,him to destroy1 immediately after its inception1 the ,universe ,he purposed to create1 and so would have prevented its creation4 ,this ,leniency1 therefore1 was1 as it were1 the very essence and quintessence of the ,permanence and ,stability of the plan of ,creation1 and part of the ,very ,nature of the ,deity4 ,the ,kabalah1 therefore1 designates it as ,light and ,whiteness1 by which the ,very ,substance of ,deity is symbolized4 ,with this agree ,paul's ideas as to ,law and ,grace2 for ,paul had studied the ,kabalah at the feet of ,gamaliel the ,rabbi4 ,with this ,benignity1 the ,autocracy of the dominion and control of the ,deity is imbued and interpenetrated4 ,the former1 poured1 as it were1 into the latter1 is an integral and essential part of it1 and causes it to give birth to the succession and continuance of the ,universe4 ,for ,malakoth1 in the ,kabalah1 is female1 and the matrix or womb out of which all creation is born4 ,the ,sephiroth may be arranged as on page #ggj4 ,the ,kabalah is the primitive tradition1 and its entirety rests on the single dogma of ,magism1 the visible is for us the proportional measure of the invisible4 ,the ,ancients1 observing that equilibrium is in physics the universal law1 and that it results from the apparent opposition of two forces1 concluded from the physical to the metaphysical equilibrium1 and thought that in ,god1 that is to say1 in the first living and active cause1 two properties necessary to each other1 should be recognized2 stability and movement1 necessity and liberty1 order dictated by reason and the self-rule of ,supreme ,will1 ,justice1 and ,love1 and consequently ,severity and ,grace1 ,mercy or ,benignity4 ,the idea of equilibrium among all the impersonations2 of the male on one side1 and the female on the other1 with the ,supreme ,will1 which is also the ,absolute ,reason1 above each two1 holding the balance1 is1 according to the ,kabalah1 the foundation of all religions and all sciences1 the primary and immutable idea of things4 ,the ,sephiroth are a triple triangle and a circle1 the idea of the ,ternary explained by the balance and multiplied by itself in the 3 ,kether3 ,crown ,will4 _/ _/ _/ _/ ,binah3 _/ 3 ,hakemah3 ,passive capacity ,active ,potency of being impregnated _/ of begetting intellection and producing _/ intellection4 _/ _/ _/ 3 ,daath3 ,intellection4 _/ _/ _/ _/ _/ ,gedulah3 ,benignity ,geburah3 or or or ,severity or rigid _/ ,khased3 ,mercy4 ,justice _/ _/ _/ _/ 3 ,tphareth3 ,beauty3 _/ the ,universal ,harmony4 _/ _/ _/ ,hod3 _/ 3 ,netsach3 ,victory ,glory _/ or ,success4 _/ _/ ,yesd3 ,foundation3 i4e41 ,stability and ,permanency of things4 3 ,malakoth3 ,dominion3 ,supremacy and absolute control of the ,divine ,will in all things1 domain of the ,ideal2 then the realization of this ,idea in forms4 ,unity can only be manifested by the ,binary4 ,unity itself and the idea of ,unity are already two4 ,the human unity is made complete by the right and left4 ,the primitive man was of both sexes4 ,the ,divinity1 one in its essence1 has two essential conditions as fundamental bases of its existence--,necessity and ,liberty4 ,the laws of the ,supreme ,reason necessitate and regulate liberty in ,god1 ,who is necessarily reasonable and wise4 ,knowledge supposes the binary4 ,an object known is indispensable to the being that knows4 ,the binary is the generator of ,society and the law4 ,it is also the number of the gnosis1 a word adopted in lieu of ,science1 and expressing only the idea of cognizance by intuition4 ,it is ,unity1 multiplying itself by itself to create2 and therefore it is that the ,sacred ,symbols make ,eve issue from the very chest of ,adam4 ,adam is the human ,tetragram1 which is summed up in the mysterious ,yd of the ,kabalah1 image of the ,kabalistic ,phallus4 ,add to this ,yd 1 the ternary name of ,eve1 and you form the name of ,jehova1 the ,divine ,tetragram1 the transcendent ,kabalistic and magical word3 ,thus it is that ,unity1 complete in the fecundity of the ,ternary1 forms1 with it1 the ,quaternary1 which is the key of all numbers1 movements1 and forms4 ,the ,square1 turning upon itself1 produces the circle equal to itself1 and the circular movement of four equal angles turning around one point1 is the quadrature of the circle4 ,the ,binary serves as a measure for ,unity2 and the relation of equality between the ,above and the ,below1 forms with them the ,ternary4 ,to us1 ,creation is ,mechanism3 to the ,ancients it was ,generation4 ,the world-producing egg figures in all cosmogonies2 and modern science has discovered that all animal production is oviparous4 ,from this idea of generation came the reverence everywhere paid the image of generative power1 which formed the ,stauros of the ,gnostics1 and the philosophical ,cross of the ,masons4 ,aleph is the man2 ,beth is the woman4 ,one is the ,principle2 two is the ,word4 ,a4 is the ,active2 ,b4 is the ,passive4 ,unity is ,boaz1 and the ,binary is ,jachin4 ,the two columns1 ,boaz and ,jachin1 explain in the ,kabalah all the mysteries of natural1 political1 and religious antagonism4 ,woman is man's creation2 and universal creation is the female of the ,first ,principle4 ,when the ,principle of ,existence made ,himself ,creator1 ,he produced by emanation an ideal ,yd2 and to make room for it in the plenitude of the uncreated ,light1 ,he had to hollow out a pit of shadow1 equal to the dimension determined by ,his creative desire2 and attributed by ,him to the ideal ,yd of radiating ,light4 ,the nature of the ,active ,principle is to diffuse3 of the ,passive ,principle1 to collect and make fruitful4 ,creation is the habitation of the ,creator-,word4 ,to create1 the ,generative ,power and ,productive ,capacity must unite1 the ,binary become ,unity again by the conjunction4 ,the ,,word is the ,first-,,begotten1 not the first created ,son of ,god4 ,,sancta ,,sanctis1 we repeat again2 the ,holy things to the ,holy1 and to him who is so1 the mysteries of the ,kabalah will be holy4 ,seek and ye shall find1 say the ,scriptures3 knock and it shall be opened unto you4 ,if you desire to find and to gain admission to the ,sanctuary1 we have said enough to show you the way4 ,if you do not1 it is useless for us to say more1 as it has been useless to say so much4 ,the ,hermetic philosophers also drew their doctrines from the ,kabalah2 and more particularly from the ,treatise ,beth ,alohim or ,domus ,dei1 known as the ,pneumatica ,kabalistica1 of ,rabbi ,abraham ,cohen ,irira1 and the ,treatise ,de ,revolutionibus ,animarum of ,rabbi ,jitz-chak ,lorja4 ,this philosophy was concealed by the ,alchemists under their ,symbols1 and in the jargon of a rude ,chemistry1--a jargon incomprehensible and absurd except to the ,initiates2 but the key to which is within your reach2 and the philosophy1 it may be1 worth studying4 ,the labors of the human intellect are always interesting and instructive4 ,to be always rich1 always young1 and never to die3 such has been in all times the dream of the ,alchemists4 ,to change into gold1 lead1 mercury1 and all the other metals2 to possess the universal medicine and elixir of life2 such is the problem to be resolved1 in order to accomplish this desire and realize this dream4 ,like all the ,mysteries of ,magism1 the ,secrets of the ,great ,work have a threefold signification2 they are religious1 philosophical1 and natural4 ,the philosophal gold1 in religion1 is the ,absolute and ,supreme ,reason3 in philosophy1 it is the ,truth2 in visible nature1 the ,sun2 in the subterranean and mineral world1 the most perfect and pure gold4 ,it is for this that the pursuit of the ,great ,work is called the ,search for the ,absolute2 and the work itself1 the work of the ,sun4 ,all the masters of the ,science admit that it is impossible to attain the material results1 unless there are found in the two higher ,degrees all the analogies of the universal medicine and of the philosophal stone4 ,then1 they say1 the work is simple1 easy1 and inexpensive2 otherwise1 it consumes fruitlessly the fortune and lives of the seekers4 ,the universal medicine for the ,soul is the ,supreme ,reason and ,absolute ,justice2 for the mind1 mathematical and practical ,truth2 for the body1 the ,quintessence1 a combination of light and gold4 ,the prima materia of the ,great ,work1 in the ,superior ,world1 is enthusiasm and activity2 in the intermediate world1 intelligence and industry2 in the lower world1 labor3 and1 in ,science1 it is the ,sulphur1 ,mercury1 and ,salt1 which by turns volatilized and fixed1 compose the ,,azoth of the ,sages4 ,the ,sulphur corresponds with the elementary form of the ,fire2 ,mercury with the ,air and ,water2 and ,salt with the ,earth4 ,the ,great ,work is1 above all things1 the creation of man by himself2 that is to say1 the full and entire conquest which he effects of his faculties and his future4 ,it is1 above all1 the perfect emancipation of his will1 which assures him the universal empire of ,azoth1 and the domain of magnetism1 that is1 complete power over the universal ,magical agent4 ,this ,magical agent1 which the ,ancient ,hermetic philosophers disguised under the name of ,prima ,materia1 determines the forms of the modifiable ,substance2 and the ,alchemists said that by means of it they could attain the transmutation of metals and the universal medicine4 ,there are two ,hermetic operations1 one spiritual1 the other material1 dependent the one on the other4 ,the whole ,hermetic ,science is contained in the dogma of ,hermes1 engraven originally1 it is said1 on a tablet of emerald4 ,its sentences that relate to operating the ,great ,work are as follows3 ,thou shalt separate the earth from the fire1 the subtile from the gross1 gently1 with much industry4 ,it ascends from earth to ,heaven1 and again descends to earth1 and receives the force of things above and below4 ,thou shalt by this means possess the glory of the whole world1 and therefore all obscurity shall flee away from thee4 ,this is the potent force of all force1 for it will overcome everything subtile1 and penetrate everything solid4 ,so the world was created4 ,all the ,masters in ,alchemy who have written of the ,great ,work1 have employed symbolic and figurative expressions2 being constrained to do so1 as well to repel the profane from a work that would be dangerous for them1 as to be well understood by ,adepts1 in revealing to them the whole world of analogies governed by the single and sovereign dogma of ,hermes4 ,so1 in their language1 gold and silver are the ,king and ,queen1 or the ,sun and ,moon2 ,sulphur1 the flying ,eagle2 ,mercury1 the ,man-woman1 winged1 bearded1 mounted on a cube1 and crowned with flames2 ,matter or ,salt1 the winged ,dragon2 the ,metals in ebullition1 ,lions of different colors2 and1 finally1 the entire work has for its symbols the ,pelican and the ,phnix4 ,the ,hermetic ,art is1 therefore1 at the same time a religion1 a philosophy1 and a natural science4 ,as a religion1 it is that of the ,ancient ,magi and the ,initiates of all ages2 as a philosophy1 we may find its principles in the school of ,alexandria and the theories of ,pythagoras2 as a science1 we must inquire for its processes of ,paracelsus1 ,nicholas ,flamel1 and ,raymond ,lulle4 ,the ,science is a real one only for those who admit and understand the philosophy and the religion2 and its process will succeed only for the ,adept who has attained the sovereignty of will1 and so become the ,king of the elementary world3 for the grand agent of the operation of the ,sun1 is that force described in the ,symbol of ,hermes1 of the table of emerald2 it is the universal magical power2 the spiritual1 fiery1 motive power2 it is the ,od1 according to the ,hebrews1 and the ,astral light1 according to others4 ,therein is the secret fire1 living and philosophical1 of which all the ,hermetic philosophers speak with the most mysterious reserve3 the ,universal ,seed1 the secret whereof they kept1 and which they represented only under the figure of the ,caduceus of ,hermes4 ,this is the grand ,hermetic arcanum4 ,what the ,adepts call dead matter are bodies as found in nature2 living matters are substances assimilated and magnetized by the science and will of the operator4 ,so that the ,great ,work is more than a chemical operation2 it is a real creation of the human word initiated into the power of the ,word of ,god4 ,the creation of gold in the ,great ,work is effected by transmutation and multiplication4 ,raymond ,lulle says1 that to make gold1 one must have gold and mercury2 and to make silver1 silver and mercury4 ,and he adds3 ,i mean by mercury1 that mineral spirit so fine and pure that it gilds even the seed of gold1 and silvers that of silver4 ,he meant by this1 either electricity1 or ,od1 the astral light4 ,the ,salt and ,sulphur serve in the work only to prepare the mercury1 and it is to the mercury especially that we must assimilate1 and1 as it were1 incorporate with it1 the magnetic agent4 ,paracelsus1 ,lulle1 and ,flamel alone seem to have perfectly known this mystery4 ,the ,great ,work of ,hermes is1 therefore1 an operation essentially magical1 and the highest of all1 for it supposes the ,absolute in ,science and in ,will4 ,there is light in gold1 gold in light1 and light in all things4 ,the disciples of ,hermes1 before promising their adepts the elixir of long life or the powder of projection1 advised them to seek for the ,philosophal ,stone4 ,the ,ancients adored the ,sun1 under the form of a black ,stone1 called ,elagabalus1 or ,heliogabalus4 ,the faithful are promised1 in the ,apocalypse1 a white ,stone4 ,this ,stone1 says the ,masters in ,alchemy1 is the true ,salt of the philosophers1 which enters as one-third into the composition of ,azoth4 ,but ,azoth is1 as we know1 the name of the grand ,hermetic ,agent1 and the true philosophical ,agent3 wherefore they represent their ,salt under the form of a cubical ,stone4 ,the ,philosophal ,stone is the foundation of the ,absolute philosophy1 the ,supreme and unalterable ,reason4 ,before thinking of the ,metallic work1 we must be firmly fixed on the ,absolute principles of ,wisdom2 we must be in possession of this ,reason1 which is the touchstone of ,truth4 ,a man who is the slave of prejudices will never become the ,king of ,nature and the ,master of transmutations4 ,the ,philosophal ,stone1 therefore1 is necessary above all things4 ,how shall it be found8 ,hermes tells us1 in his ,table of ,emerald1 we must separate the subtile from the fixed1 with great care and extreme attention4 ,so we ought to separate our certainties from our beliefs1 and make perfectly distinct the respective domains of science and faith2 and to comprehend that we do not know the things we believe1 nor believe anything that we come to know2 and that thus the essence of the things of ,faith are the unknown and indefinite1 while it is precisely the contrary with the things of ,science4 ,whence we shall conclude1 that ,science rests on reason and experience1 and ,faith has for its bases sentiment and reason4 ,the ,sun and ,moon of the ,alchemists concur in perfecting and giving stability to the ,philosophal ,stone4 ,they correspond to the two columns of the ,temple1 ,jachin and ,boaz4 ,the ,sun is the hieroglyphical sign of ,truth1 because it is the source of ,light2 and the rough ,stone is the symbol of ,stability4 ,hence the ,medival ,alchemists indicated the ,philosophal ,stone as the first means of making the philosophical gold1 that is to say1 of transforming all the vital powers figured by the six metals into ,sun1 that is1 into ,truth and ,light2 which is the first and indispensable operation of the ,great ,work1 which leads to the secondary adaptation1 and enables the creators of the spiritual and living gold1 the possessors of the true philosophical ,salt1 ,mercury1 and ,sulphur1 to discover1 by the analogies of ,nature1 the natural and palpable gold4 ,to find the ,philosophal ,stone1 is to have discovered the ,absolute1 as all the ,masters say4 ,but the ,absolute is that which admits of no errors1 is the ,fixed from the ,volatile1 is the ,law of the ,imagination1 is the very necessity of ,being1 is the immutable ,law of ,reason and ,truth4 ,the ,absolute is that which ,,is4 ,to find the ,absolute in the ,infinite1 in the ,indefinite1 and in the ,finite1 this is the ,magnum ,opus1 the ,great ,work of the ,sages1 which ,hermes called the ,work of the ,sun4 ,to find the immovable bases of true religious ,faith1 of ,philosophical ,truth1 and of ,metallic transmutation1 this is the secret of ,hermes in its entirety1 the ,philosophal ,stone4 ,this stone is one and manifold2 it is decomposed by ,analysis1 and re-compounded by ,synthesis4 ,in ,analysis1 it is a powder1 the powder of projection of the ,alchemists2 before ,analysis1 and in ,synthesis1 it is a stone4 ,the ,philosophal ,stone1 say the ,masters1 must not be exposed to the atmosphere1 nor to the gaze of the ,profane2 but it must be kept concealed and carefully preserved in the most secret place of the laboratory1 and the possessor must always carry on his person the key of the place where it is kept4 ,he who possesses the ,grand ,arcanum is a genuine ,king1 and more than a king1 for he is inaccessible to all fear and all empty hopes4 ,in all maladies of soul and body1 a single particle from the precious stone1 a single grain of the divine powder1 is more than sufficient to cure him4 ,let him hear1 who hath ears to hear6 the ,master said4 ,the ,salt1 ,sulphur1 and ,mercury are but the accessorial elements and passive instruments of the ,great ,work4 ,all depends1 as we have said1 on the internal ,magnet of ,paracelsus4 ,the entire work consists in projection3 and the projection is perfectly accomplished by the effective and realizable understanding of a single word4 ,there is but a single important operation in the work2 this consists in ,sublimation1 which is nothing else1 according to ,geber than the elevation of dry matter1 by means of fire1 with adhesion to its proper vessel4 ,he who desires to attain to the understanding of the ,grand ,word and the possession of the ,great ,secret1 ought carefully to read the ,hermetic philosophers1 and will undoubtedly attain initiation1 as others have done2 but he must take1 for the key of their allegories1 the single dogma of ,hermes1 contained in his table of ,emerald1 and follow1 to class his acquisitions of knowledge and direct the operation1 the order indicated in the ,kabalistic alphabet of the ,tarot4 ,raymond ,lulle has said that1 to make gold1 we must first have gold4 ,nothing is made out of nothing2 we do not absolutely create wealth2 we increase and multiply it4 ,let aspirants to science well understand1 then1 that neither the juggler's tricks nor miracles are to be asked of the adept4 ,the ,hermetic science1 like all the real sciences1 is mathematically demonstrable4 ,its results1 even material1 are as rigorous as that of a correct equation4 ,the ,hermetic ,gold is not only a true dogma1 a light without ,shadow1 a ,truth without alloy of falsehood2 it is also a material gold1 real1 pure1 the most precious that can be found in the mines of the earth4 ,but the living gold1 the living sulphur1 or the true fire of the philosophers1 is to be sought for in the house of ,mercury4 ,this fire is fed by the air3 to express its attractive and expansive power1 no better comparison can be used than that of the lightning1 which is at first only a dry and earthly exhalation1 united to the moist vapor1 but which1 by self-exhalation1 takes a fiery nature1 acts on the humidity inherent in it1 which it attracts to itself and transmutes in its nature2 after which it precipitates itself rapidly toward the earth1 whither it is attracted by a fixed nature like unto its own4 ,these words1 in form enigmatic1 but clear at bottom1 distinctly express what the philosophers mean by their ,mercury1 fecundated by ,sulphur1 and which becomes the ,master and regenerator of the ,salt4 ,it is the ,,azoth1 the universal magnetic force1 the grand magical agent1 the ,astral light1 the light of life1 fecundated by the mental force1 the intellectual energy1 which they compare to sulphur1 on account of its affinities with the ,divine fire4 ,as to the ,salt1 it is ,absolute ,matter4 ,whatever is matter contains salt2 and all salt nitre may be converted into pure gold by the combined action of ,sulphur and ,mercury1 which sometimes act so rapidly1 that the transmutation may be effected in an instant1 in an hour1 without fatigue to the operator1 and almost without expense4 ,at other times1 and according to the more refractory temper of the atmospheric media1 the operation requires several days1 several months1 and sometimes even several years4 ,two primary laws exist in nature1 two essential laws1 which produce1 by counterbalancing each other1 the universal equilibrium of things4 ,these are fixedness and movement1 analogous1 in philosophy1 to ,truth and ,fiction1 and1 in ,absolute ,conception1 to ,necessity and ,liberty1 which are the very essence of ,deity4 ,the ,hermetic philosophers gave the name fixed to everything ponderable1 to everything that tends by its natural to central repose and immobility2 they term volatile everything that more naturally and more readily obeys the law of movement2 and they form their stone by analysis1 that is to say1 by the volatilization of the ,fixed1 and then by synthesis1 that is1 by fixing the volatile1 which they effect by applying to the fixed1 which they call their salt1 the sulphurated ,mercury1 or the light of life1 directed and made omnipotent by a ,sovereign ,will4 ,thus they master entire ,nature1 and their stone is found wherever there is salt1 which is the reason for saying that no substance is foreign to the ,great ,work1 and that even the most despicable and apparently vile matters may be changed into gold1 which is true in this sense1 that they all contain the original salt-principle1 represented in our emblems by the cubical stone4 ,to know how to extract from all matter the pure salt concealed in it1 is to have the ,secret of the ,stone4 ,wherefore this is a ,saline stone1 which the ,od or universal astral light decomposes or re-compounds3 it is single and manifold2 for it may be dissolved like ordinary salt1 and incorporated with other substances4 ,obtained by analysis1 we might term it the ,universal ,sublimate3 found by way of synthesis1 it is the true panacea of the ancients1 for it cures all maladies of soul and body1 and has been styled1 par-excellence1 the medicine of all nature4 ,when one1 by absolute initiation1 comes to control the forces of the universal agent1 he always has this stone at his disposal1 for its extraction is then a simple and easy operation1 very distinct from the metallic projection or realization4 ,this stone1 when in a state of sublimation1 must not be exposed to contact with the atmospheric air1 which might partially dissolve it and deprive it of its virtue2 nor could its emanations be inhaled without danger4 ,the ,sage prefers to preserve it in its natural envelopes1 assured as he is of extracting it by a single effort of his will1 and a single application of the ,universal ,agent to the envelopes1 which the ,kabalists call cortices1 the shells1 bark1 or integuments4 ,hieroglyphically to express this law of prudence1 they gave their ,mercury1 personified in ,egypt as ,hermanubis1 a dog's head2 and to their ,sulphur1 represented by the ,baphomet of the ,temple1 that goat's head which brought into such disrepute the occult ,medival associations4 ,let us listen for a few moments to the ,alchemists themselves1 and endeavor to learn the hidden meaning of their mysterious words4 ,the ,,ritual of the ,degree of ,scottish ,elder ,,master1 and ,knight of ,saint ,andrew1 being the fourth ,degree of ,ramsay1 it is said upon the title-page1 or of the ,reformed or ,rectified ,rite of ,dresden1 has these passages3 ,o how great and glorious is the presence of the ,almighty ,god which gloriously shines from between the ,cherubim6 ,how adorable and astonishing are the rays of that glorious ,light1 that sends forth its bright and brilliant beams from the ,holy ,ark of ,alliance and ,covenant6 ,let us with the deepest veneration and devotion adore the great ,source of ,life1 that ,glorious ,spirit ,who is the ,most ,merciful and ,beneficent ,ruler of the ,universe and of all the creatures it contains6 ,the secret knowledge of the ,grand ,scottish ,master relates to the combination and transmutation of different substances2 whereof that you may obtain a clear idea and proper understanding1 you are to know that all matter and all material substances are composed of combinations of three several substances1 extracted from the four elements1 which three substances in combination are1 ,salt1 ,sulphur1 and ,spirit4 ,the first of these produces ,solidity1 the second ,softness1 and the third the ,spiritual1 vaporous particles4 ,these three compound substances work potently together2 and therein consists the true process for the transmutation of metals4 ,to these three substances allude the three golden basins1 in the first of which was engraved the letter ,m4 in the second1 the letter ,g4 and in the third nothing4 ,the first1 ,m4 is the initial letter of the ,hebrew word ,malakh1 which signifies ,salt2 and the second1 ,g4 of the ,hebrew word ,geparaith1 which signifies ,sulphur2 and as there is no word in ,hebrew to express the vaporous and intangible ,spirit1 there is no letter in the third basin4 ,with these three principal substances you may effect the transmutation of metals1 which must be done by means of the five points or rules of the ,scottish ,mastership4 ,the first ,master's point shows us the ,brazen ,sea1 wherein must always be rain-water2 and out of this rain-water the ,scottish ,masters extract the first substance1 which is ,salt2 which salt must afterward undergo a seven-fold manipulation and purification1 before it will be properly prepared4 ,this seven-fold purification is symbolized by the ,seven ,steps of ,solomon's ,temple1 which symbol is furnished us by the first point or rule of the ,scottish ,masters4 ,after preparing the first substance1 you are to extract the second1 ,sulphur1 out of the purest gold1 to which must then be added the purified or celestial ,salt4 ,they are to be mixed as the ,art directs1 and then placed in a vessel in the form of a ,,ship1 in which it is to remain1 as the ,ark of ,noah was afloat1 one hundred and fifty days1 being brought to the first damp1 warm degree of fire1 that it may putrefy and produce the mineral fermentation4 ,this is the second point or rule of the ,scottish ,masters4 ,if you reflect1 my ,brother1 that it was impossible for any one to imagine that either common salt or nitre could be extracted from rain-water1 or sulphur from pure gold1 you will no doubt suspect that some secret meaning was concealed in these words4 ,the ,kabalah considers the immaterial part of man as threefold1 consisting of ,,nephesch1 ,,ruach1 and ,,neschamah1 ,psyche1 ,spiritus1 and ,mens1 or ,soul1 ,spirit1 and ,intellect4 ,there are ,seven ,holy ,palaces1 ,seven ,heavens and ,seven ,thrones2 and ,souls are purified by ascending through ,seven ,spheres4 ,a ,ship1 in ,hebrew1 is ,ani2 and the same word means ,i1 ,me1 or ,myself4 ,the ,,ritual continues3 ,multiplying the substance thus obtained1 is the third operation1 which is done by adding to them the animate1 volatile ,spirit2 which is done by means of the water of the ,celestial ,salt1 as well as by the ,salt1 which must daily be added to it very carefully1 and strictly observing to put neither too much nor too little2 inasmuch as1 if you add too much1 you will destroy that growing and multiplying substance2 and if too little1 it will be self-consumed and destroyed1 and shrink away1 not having sufficient substantiality for its preservation4 ,this third point or rule of the ,scottish ,masters gives us the emblem of the building of the ,tower of ,babel1 used by our ,scottish ,masters1 because by irregularity and want of due proportion and harmony that work was stopped2 and the workmen could proceed no further4 ,next comes the fourth operation1 represented by the ,cubical ,stone1 whose faces and angles are all equal4 ,as soon as the work is brought to the necessary point of multiplication1 it is to be submitted to the third ,degree of ,fire1 wherein it will receive the due proportion of the strength and substance of the metallic particles of the ,cubical ,stone2 and this is the fourth point or rule of the ,scottish ,masters4 ,finally1 we come to the fifth and last operation1 indicated to us by the ,flaming ,star4 ,after the work has become a duly-proportioned substance1 it is to be subjected to the fourth and strongest ,degree of fire1 wherein it must remain three times twenty-seven hours2 until it is thoroughly glowing1 by which means it becomes a bright and shining tincture1 wherewith the lighter metals may be changed1 by the use of one part to a thousand of the metal4 ,wherefore this ,flaming ,star shows us the fifth and last point of the ,scottish ,masters4 ,you should pass practically through the five points or rules of the ,master1 and by the use of one part to a thousand1 transmute and ennoble metals4 ,you may then in reality say that your age is a thousand years4 ,in the oration of the ,degree1 the following hints are given as to its true meaning3 ,the three divisions of the ,temple1 the ,outer ,court1 ,sanctuary1 and ,holy of ,holies1 signify the three ,principles of our ,holy ,order1 which direct to the knowledge of morality1 and teach those most practical virtues that ought to be practised by mankind4 ,therefore the ,seven ,steps which lead up to the ,outer ,court of the ,temple1 are the emblem of the ,seven-fold ,light which we need to possess1 before we can arrive at the height of knowledge1 in which consist the ultimate limits of our order4 ,in the ,brazen ,sea we are symbolically to purify ourselves from all pollutions1 all faults and wrongful actions1 as well those committed through error of judgment and mistaken opinion1 as those intentionally done2 inasmuch as they equally prevent us from arriving at the knowledge of ,true ,wisdom4 ,we must thoroughly cleanse and purify our hearts to their inmost recesses1 before we can of right contemplate that ,flaming ,star1 which is the emblem of the ,divine and ,glorious ,shekinah1 or presence of ,god2 before we may dare approach the ,throne of ,supreme ,wisdom4 ,in the ,degree of ,the ,true ,mason ,le ,vrai ,maon1 styled in the title-page of its ,ritual the #bc;d ,degree of ,masonry1 or the #abth of the #eth class1 the ,tracing-board displays a luminous ,triangle1 with a great ,yd in the centre4 ,the ,triangle1 says the ,ritual1 represents one ,god in three ,persons2 and the great ,yd is the initial letter of the last word4 ,the ,dark ,circle represents the ,chaos1 which in the beginning ,god created4 ,the ,cross within the ,circle1 the ,light by means whereof ,he developed the ,chaos4 ,the ,square1 the four ,elements into which it was resolved4 ,the ,triangle1 again1 the three ,principles ,salt1 ,sulphur1 and ,mercury1 which the intermingling of the elements produced4 ,god creates2 ,nature produces2 ,art multiplies4 ,god created ,chaos2 ,nature produced it2 ,god1 ,nature1 and ,art1 have perfected it4 ,the ,altar of ,perfumes indicates the ,fire that is to be applied to ,nature4 ,the two towers are the two furnaces1 moist and dry1 in which it is to be worked4 ,the bowl is the mould of oak that is to inclose the philosophal egg4 ,the two figures surmounted by a ,cross are the two vases1 ,nature and ,art1 in which is to be consummated the double marriage of the white woman with the red ,servitor1 from which marriage will spring a most ,potent ,king4 ,chaos means universal matter1 formless1 but susceptible of all forms4 ,form is the ,light inclosed in the seeds of all species2 and its home is in the ,universal ,spirit4 ,to work on universal matter1 use the internal and external fire3 the four elements result1 the ,principia ,principiorum and ,inmediata2 ,fire1 ,air1 ,water1 ,earth4 ,there are four qualities of these elements--the warm and dry1 the cold and moist4 ,two appertain to each element3 ,the dry and cold1 to the ,earth2 the cold and moist1 to ,water2 the moist and warm1 to the ,air2 and the warm and dry1 to ,fire3 whereby the ,fire connects with the ,earth2 all the elements1 as ,hermes said1 moving in circles4 ,from the mixture of the four ,elements and of their four qualities1 result the three ,principles1--,mercury1 ,sulphur1 and ,salt4 ,these are the philosophical1 not the vulgar4 ,the philosophical ,mercury is a ,water and ,,spirit1 which dissolves and sublimates the ,sun2 the philosophical ,sulphur1 a fire and a ,soul1 which mollifies and colors it2 the philosophical ,salt1 an ,earth and a ,,body1 which coagulates and fixes it2 and the whole is done in the bosom of the ,air4 ,from these three ,principles result the four ,elements duplicated1 or the ,grand ,elements1 ,mercury1 ,sulphur1 ,salt1 and ,glass2 two of which are volatile1--the ,water ,mercury and the ,air ,sulphur1 which is oil2 for all substances liquid in their nature avoid fire1 which takes from the one water and burns the other oil2 but the other two are dry and solid1 to wit1 the ,salt1 wherein ,fire is contained1 and the pure ,earth1 which is the ,glass2 on both of which the ,fire has no other action than to melt and refine them1 unless one makes use of the liquid alkali2 for1 just as each element consists of two qualities1 so these great duplicated ,elements partake1 each of two of the simple elements1 or1 more properly speaking1 of all the four1 according to the greater or less degree of each1--the ,mercury partaking more of the ,water1 to which it is assigned2 the ,oil or ,sulphur1 more of the ,air2 the ,salt1 of the ,fire2 and the ,glass1 of the ,earth2 which is found1 pure and clear1 in the centre of all the elementary composites1 and is the last to disengage itself from the others4 ,the four ,elements and three ,principles reside in all the ,compounds1 ,animal1 ,vegetable1 and ,mineral2 but more potently in some than in others4 ,the ,fire gives them ,movement2 the ,air1 ,sensation2 the ,water1 ,nutriment2 and the ,earth1 ,subsistence4 ,the four duplicated ,elements engender ,,the ,,stone1 if one is careful enough to supply them with the proper quantity of fire1 and to combine them according to their natural weight4 ,ten parts of ,air make one of ,water2 ten of ,water1 one of ,earth2 and ten of ,earth1 one of ,fire2 the whole by the ,active ,symbol of the one1 and the ,passive ,symbol of the other1 whereby the conversion of the ,elements is effected4 ,the ,allusion of the ,ritual1 here1 is obviously to the four ,worlds of the ,kabalah4 ,the ten ,sephiroth of the world ,briah proceed from ,malakoth1 the last of the ten ,emanations of the world ,aziluth2 the ten ,sephiroth of the world ,yezirah1 from ,malakoth of ,briah2 and the ten of the world ,asian1 from ,malakoth of ,yezirah4 ,the ,pass-word of the ,degree is given as ,metralon1 which is a corruption of ,,metatron1 the ,cherub1 who and ,sandalphon are in the ,kabalah the ,chief of the ,angels4 ,the ,active and ,passive ,symbols are the ,male and ,female4 ,the ,ritual continues3 ,it is thereby evident that1 in the ,great ,work1 we must employ ten parts of philosophical ,mercury to one of ,sun or ,moon4 ,this is attained by ,solution and ,coagulation4 ,these words mean that we must dissolve the body and coagulate the spirit2 which operations are effected by the moist and dry bath4 ,of colors1 black is the ,earth2 white1 the ,water2 blue1 the ,air2 and red1 the ,fire2 wherein also are involved very great secrets and mysteries4 ,the apparatus employed in ',the ,great ,work' consists of the ,moist bath1 the ,dry bath1 the ,vases of ,nature and ,art1 the bowl of oak1 lutum sapienti1 the ,seal of ,hermes1 the tube1 the physical lamp1 and the iron rod4 ,the work is perfected in seventeen philosophical months1 according to the mixture of ingredients4 ,the benefits reaped from it are of two kinds--one affecting the soul1 and the other the body4 ,the former consist in knowing ,god1 ,nature1 and ourself2 and those to the body are wealth and health4 ,the ,initiate traverses ,heaven and ,earth4 ,heaven is the ,world manifest to the ,intelligence1 subdivided into ,paradise and ,hell2 ,earth is the ,world manifest to the ,senses1 also subdivided into the ,celestial and that of the ,elements4 ,there are ,sciences specially connected with each of these4 ,the one is ordinary and common2 the other1 mystic and secret4 ,the ,world cognizable by the ,intellect has the ,hermetic ,theology and the ,kabalah2 the ,celestial ,astrology2 and that of the ,elements1 ,chemistry1 which by its decompositions and separations1 effected by fire1 reveals all the most hidden secrets of ,nature1 in the three kinds of ,compound ,substances4 ,this last science is styled ',hermetic1' or ',the operating of the ,great ,work4' ,the ,ritual of the ,degree of ,kabalistic and ,hermetic ,rose1 has these passages3 ,the true ,philosophy1 known and practised by ,solomon1 is the basis on which ,masonry is founded4 ,our ,ancient ,masons have concealed from us the most important point of this ,divine ,art1 under hieroglyphical characters1 which are but enigmas and parables1 to all the ,senseless1 the ,wicked1 and the ,ambitious4 ,he will be supremely fortunate1 who shall1 by arduous labor1 discover this sacred place of deposite1 wherein all naked the sublime ,truth is hidden2 for he may be assured that he has found the ,true ,light1 the ,true ,felicity1 the ,true ,heavenly ,good4 ,then may it truly be said that he is one of the ,true ,elect2 for it is the only real and most ,sublime ,science of all those to which a mortal can aspire3 his days will be prolonged1 and his soul freed of all vices and corruption2 into which 7it is added1 to mislead1 as if from fear too much would be disclosed71 the human race is often led by indigence4 ,as the symbolism of the ,hall and the language of the ritual mutually explain each other1 it should be noted here1 that in this ,degree the columns of the hall1 #ab in number1 are white variegated with black and red4 ,the hangings are black1 and over that crimson4 ,over the throne is a great ,eagle1 in gold1 on a black ground4 ,in the centre of the ,canopy the ,blazing ,star in gold1 with the letter ,yd in its centre4 ,on the right and left of the throne are the ,sun in gold and the ,moon in silver4 ,the throne is ascended to by three ,steps4 ,the hall and ante-room are each lighted by ten lights1 and a single one at the entrance4 ,the colors1 black1 white1 and crimson appear in the clothing2 and the ,key and ,balance are among the symbols4 ,the duty of the ,second ,grand ,prior1 says the ,ritual1 is to see if the ,chapter is hermetically sealed2 whether the materials are ready1 and the elements2 whether the ,black gives place to the ,white1 and the ,white to the ,red4 ,be laborious1 it says1 like the ,star1 and procure the light of the ,sages1 and hide yourself from the ,stupid ,profane and the ,ambitious1 and be like the ,owl1 which sees only by night1 and hides itself from treacherous curiosity4 ,the ,sun1 on entering each of his houses1 should be received there by the four elements1 which you must be careful to invite to accompany you1 that they may aid you in your undertaking2 for without them the ,house would be melancholy3 wherefore you will give him to feast upon the four elements4 ,when he shall have visited his twelve houses1 and seen you attentive there to receive him1 you will become one of his chiefest favorites1 and he will allow you to share all his gifts4 ,matter will then no longer have power over you2 you will1 so to say1 be no longer a dweller on the earth2 but after certain periods you will give back to it a body which is its own1 to take in its stead one altogether ,spiritual4 ,matter is then deemed to be dead to the world4 ,therefore it must be re-vivified1 and made to be born again from its ashes1 which you will effect by virtue of the vegetation of the ,tree of ,life1 represented to us by the branch of acacia4 ,whoever shall learn to comprehend and execute this great work1 will know great things1 say the ,sages of the work2 but whenever you depart from the centre of the ,square and the ,compass you will no longer be able to work with success4 ,another ,jewel is necessary for you1 and in certain undertakings cannot be dispensed with4 ,it is what is termed the ,kabalistic pantacle 444 ,this carries with it the power of commanding the spirits of the elements4 ,it is necessary for you to know how to use it1 and that you will learn by perseverance if you are a lover of the science of our predecessors the ,sages4 ,a great ,black ,eagle1 the ,king of ,birds4 ,he alone it is that can fire the ,sun1 material in its nature1 that has no form1 and yet by its form develops color4 ,the black is a complete harbinger of the work3 it changes color and assumes a natural form1 out whereof will emerge a brilliant ,sun4 ,the birth of the ,sun is always announced by its ,star1 represented by the ,blazing ,star1 which you will know by its fiery color2 and it is followed in its course by the silvery lustre of the ,moon4 ,a rough ,ashlar is the shapeless stone which is to be prepared in order to commence the philosophical work2 and to be developed1 in order to change its form from triangular to cubic1 after the separation from it of its ,salt1 ,sulphur1 and ,mercury1 by the aid of the ,square1 ,level1 ,plumb1 and ,balance1 and all the other ,masonic implements which we use symbolically4 ,here me put them to philosophical use1 to constitute a well-proportioned edifice1 through which you are to make pass the crude material1 analogous to a candidate commencing his initiation into our ,mysteries4 ,when we build we must observe all the rules and proportions2 for otherwise the ,spirit of ,life cannot lodge therein4 ,so you will build the great tower1 in which is to burn the fire of the ,sages1 or1 in other words1 the fire of ,heaven2 as also the ,sea of the ,sages1 in which the ,sun and ,moon are to bathe4 ,that is the basin of ,purification1 in which will be the water of ,celestial ,grace1 water that doth not soil the hands1 but purifies all leprous bodies4 ,let us labor to instruct our ,brother1 to the end that by his toils he may succeed in discovering the principle of life contained in the profundity of matter1 and known by the name of ,alkahest4 ,the most potent of the names of ,deity is ,,adonai4 ,its power is to put the ,universe in movement2 and the ,knights who shall be fortunate enough to possess it1 with weight and measure1 shall have at their disposition all the potences that inhabit it1 the ,elements1 and the cognizance of all the virtues and sciences that man is capable of knowing4 ,by its power they would succeed in discovering the primary metal of the ,sun1 which holds within itself the ,principle of the germ1 and wherewith we can put in alliance and six other metals1 each of which contains the principles and primitive seed of the grand philosophical work4 ,the six other metals are ,saturn1 ,jupiter1 ,mars1 ,venus1 ,mercury1 and ,luna2 vulgarly known as ,lead1 ,tin1 ,iron1 ,copper1 ,quicksilver1 and ,silver4 ,gold is not included2 because it is not in its nature a metal4 ,it is all ,spirit and incorruptible2 wherefore it is the emblem of the ,sun1 which presides over the ,light4 ,the vivifying ,spirit1 called ,alkahest1 has in itself the generative virtue of producing the triangular ,cubical ,stone1 and contains in itself all the virtues to render men happy in this world and in that to come4 ,to arrive at the composition of that ,alkahest1 we begin by laboring at the science of the union of the four ,elements which are to be educed from the three ,kingdoms of ,nature1 ,mineral1 ,vegetable1 and ,animal2 the rule1 measure1 weight1 and equipoise whereof have each their key4 ,we then employ in one work the animals1 vegetables1 and minerals1 each in his season1 which make the space of the ,houses of the ,sun1 where they have all the virtues required4 ,something from each of the three ,kingdoms of ,nature is assigned to each ,celestial ,house1 to the end that everything may be done in accordance with sound philosophical rules2 and that everything may be thoroughly purified in its proper time and place in order to be presented at the wedding-table of the ,spouse and the six virgins who hold the mystic shovel1 without a common fire1 but with an elementary fire1 that comes primarily by attraction1 and by digestion in the philosophical bed lighted by the four elements4 ,at the banquet of the ,spouses1 the viands1 being thoroughly1 purified1 are served in ,salt1 ,sulphur1 ,spirit1 and ,oil2 a sufficient quantity thereof is taken every month1 and therewith is compounded1 by means of the ,balance of ,solomon1 the ,alkahest1 to serve the ,spouses1 when they are laid on the nuptial bed1 there to engender their embryo1 producing for the human race immense treasures1 that will last as long as the world endures4 ,few are capable of engaging in this great work4 ,only the true ,free-,masons may of right aspire to it2 and even of them1 very few are worthy to attain it1 because most of them are ignorant of the ,clavicules and their contents1 and of the ,pantacle of ,solomon1 which teaches how to labor at the great work4 ,the weight raised by ,solomon with his balance was #a1 #b1 #c1 #d1 #e2 which contains #be times unity1 #b multiplied by #b2 #c multiplied by #c2 #d multiplied by #d2 #e multiplied by #e1 and once #i2 these numbers thus involving the squares of #e and #b1 the cube of #b1 the square of the square of #b1 and the square of #c4 ,thus far the ,ritual1 in the numbers mentioned by it1 is an allusion to the #dgth problem of ,euclid1 a symbol of ,blue ,masonry1 entirely out of place there1 and its meaning unknown4 ,the base of the right-angled triangle being #c1 and the perpendicular #d1 the hypothenuse is #e1 by the rule that the sum of the squares of the two former equals the square of the latter1--#c,x#c being #i2 and #d,x#d1 #af2 and #iaf being #be1 the square of #e4 ,the triangle contains in its sides the numbers #a1 #b1 and #c4 ,the ,perpendicular is the ,male2 the ,base1 the ,female2 the ,hypothenuse1 the product of the two4 ,illustration3 ,to fix the volatile1 in the ,hermetic language1 means to materialize the spirit2 to volatilize the fixed is to spiritualize matter4 ,to separate the subtile from the gross1 in the first operation1 which is wholly internal1 is to free our soul from all prejudice and all vice4 ,this is effected by the use of the philosophical ,,salt1 that is to say1 of ,,wisdom2 of ,,mercury1 that is to say1 of personal aptitude and labor2 and of ,,sulphur1 which represents the vital energy1 and the ardor of the will4 ,thus we succeed in changing into spiritual gold such things even as are of least value1 and even the foul things of the earth4 ,it is in this sense we are to understand the parables of the ,hermetic philosophers and the prophets of ,alchemy2 but in their works1 as in the ,great ,work1 we must skillfully separate the subtile from the gross1 the mystic from the positive1 allegory from theory4 ,if you would read them with pleasure and understandingly1 you must first understand them allegorically in their entirety and then descend from allegories to realities by way of the correspondences or analogies indicated in the single dogma3 ,what is above is like what is below2 and what is below is like what is above4 ,the treatise ,minerva ,mundi1 attributed to ,hermes ,trismegistus1 contains1 under the most poetical and profound allegories1 the dogma of the self-creation of beings1 or of the law of creation that results from the accord of two forces1 these which the ,alchemists called the ,fixed and the ,volatile1 and which are1 in the ,absolute1 ,necessity and ,liberty4 ,when the ,masters in ,alchemy say that it needs but little time and expense to accomplish the works of ,science1 when they affirm1 above all1 that but a single vessel is necessary1 when they speak of the ,great and ,single furnace1 which all can use1 which is within the reach of all the world1 and which men possess without knowing it1 they allude to the philosophical and moral ,alchemy4 ,in fact1 a strong and determined will can1 in a little while1 attain complete independence2 and we all possess that chemical instrument1 the great and single athanor or furnace1 which serves to separate the subtile from the gross1 and the fixed from the volatile4 ,this instrument1 complete as the world1 and accurate as the mathematics themselves1 is designated by the ,sages under the emblem of the ,pentagram or ,star with five points1 the absolute sign of human intelligence4 ,the end and perfection of the ,great ,work is expressed1 in alchemy1 by a triangle surmounted by a cross3 and the letter ,tau1 1 the last of the ,sacred alphabet1 has the same meaning4 ,the elementary fire1 that comes primarily by attraction1 is evidently ,electricity or the ,electric ,force1 primarily developed as magnetism1 and in which is perhaps the secret of life or the vital force4 ,paracelsus1 the great ,reformer in medicine1 discovered magnetism long before ,mesmer1 and pushed to its last consequences this luminous discovery1 or rather this initiation into the magic of the ancients1 who understood the grand magical agent better than we do1 and did not regard the ,astral ,light1 ,azoth1 the universal magnetism of the ,sages1 as an animal and particular fluid1 emanating only from certain special beings4 ,the four ,elements1 the four symbolic animals1 and the re-duplicated ,principles correspond with each other1 and are thus arranged by the ,hermetic ,masons3 ,illustration ,the ,air and ,earth represent the ,male ,principle2 and the ,fire and ,water belong to the ,female ,principle4 ,to these four forms correspond the four following philosophical ideas4 ,spirit3 ,matter3 ,movement3 ,repose4 ,alchemy reduces these four things to three3 ,the ,absolute3 the ,fixed3 the ,volatile4 ,reason3 ,necessity2 ,liberty3 are the synonyms of these three words4 ,as all the great ,mysteries of ,god and the ,universe are thus hidden in the ,ternary1 it everywhere appears in ,masonry and in the ,hermetic ,philosophy under its mask of ,alchemy4 ,it even appears where ,masons do not suspect it2 to teach the doctrine of the equilibrium of ,contraries1 and the resultant ,harmony4 ,the double triangle of ,solomon is explained by ,saint ,john in a remarkable manner3 ,there are1 he says1 three witnesses in ,heaven1--the ,father1 the ,word1 and the ,holy ,spirit2 and three witnesses on earth1--the breath1 water1 and blood4 ,he thus agrees with the ,masters of the ,hermetic ,philosophy1 who give to their ,sulphur the name of ,ether1 to their ,mercury the name of philosophical water1 to their ,salt that of blood of the dragon1 or menstruum of the earth4 ,the blood1 or ,salt1 corresponds by opposition with the ,father2 the ,azothic1 or ,mercurial water1 with the ,word1 or ,logos2 and the breath1 with the ,holy ,spirit4 ,but the things of ,high ,symbolism can be well understood only by the true children of ,science4 ,alchemy has its ,symbolic ,triad of ,salt1 ,sulphur1 and ,mercury1--man consisting1 according to the ,hermetic philosophers1 of ,body1 ,soul1 and ,spirit4 ,the ,dove1 the ,raven1 and the ,phnix are striking ,symbols of ,good and ,evil1 ,light and ,darkness1 and the ,beauty resulting from the equilibrium of the two4 ,if you would understand the true secrets of ,alchemy1 you must study the works of the ,masters with patience and assiduity4 ,every word is often an enigma2 and to him who reads in haste1 the whole will seem absurd4 ,even when they seem to teach that the ,great ,work is the purification of the ,soul1 and so to deal only with morals1 they most conceal their meaning1 and deceive all but the ,initiates4 ,yd ,hebrew or is termed in the ,kabalah the opifex1 workman of the ,deity4 ,it is1 says the ,porta ,clorum1 single and primal1 like one1 which is the first among numbers2 and like a point1 the first before all bodies4 ,moved lengthwise1 it produces a line1 which is ,vau1 and this moved sidewise produces a superficies1 which is ,daleth4 ,thus ,vau becomes ,daleth 2 for movement tends from right to left2 and all communication is from above to below4 ,the plenitude of ,yd1 that is1 the name of this letter1 spelled1 is 1 ,y-,o-,d4 ,vau which represents #f and ,daleth #d are #aj2 like ,yd1 their principle4 ,yd1 says the ,siphra de ,zeniutha1 is the ,symbol of ,wisdom and of the ,father4 ,the ,principle called ,father1 says the ,idra ,suta1 is comprehended in ,yd1 which flows downward from the ,holy influence1 wherefore ,yd is the most occult of all the letters2 for he is the beginning and end of all things4 ,the ,supernal ,wisdom is ,yd2 and all things are included in ,yd1 who is therefore called ,father of ,fathers1 or the ,generator of the ,universal4 ,the ,principle of all things is called the ,house of all things3 wherefore ,yd is the beginning and end of all things2 as it is written3 ,thou hast made all things in ,wisdom4 ,for ,the ,all is termed ,wisdom2 and in it ,the ,all is contained2 and the summary of all things is the ,holy ,name4 ,yd1 says the ,siphra de ,zeniutha1 signifying the ,father1 approaches the letter ,he1 which is the ,mother2 and by the combination of these two is denoted that luminous influence wherewith ,binah is imbued by the ,supernal ,wisdom4 ,in the name ,hebrew3 1 says the same1 are included the ,father1 ,mother1 and ,microprosopos1 their issue4 ,he1 impregnated by ,vau1 produced ,microprosopos1 or ,seir ,anpin4 ,wisdom1 ,hakemah1 is the ,principle of all things3 it is the ,father of ,fathers1 and in it are the beginning and end of all things4 ,microprosopos1 the second ,universal1 is the issue of ,wisdom1 the ,father1 and ,binah1 the ,mother1 and is composed of the six ,numerations1 ,geburah1 ,gedulah1 and ,tephareth1 ,netsach1 ,hod1 and ,yesod2 is represented under the form of a man1 and said to have at first occupied the place afterward filled by the world ,briah of ,creation1 but afterward to have been raised to the ,aziluthic sphere1 and received ,wisdom1 ,intelligence1 and ,cognition ,daath from the ,supernal ,wisdom and ,intellectuality4 ,vau1 in the tri-literal word1 denotes these six members of ,microprosopos4 ,for this latter is formed after the fashion of ,macroprosopos1 but without ,kether1 the will1 which remains in the first prototype or ,universal2 though invested with a portion of the ,divine ,intellectual ,power and ,capacity4 ,the first ,universal does not use the first person1 and is called in the third person1 ,hebrew3 1 ,,hua1 ,,he3 but the second ,universal speaks in the first person1 using the word ,hebrew3 1 ,,ani1 ,i4 ,the ,,idra ,,rabba1 or ,synodus ,magna1 one of the books of the ,sohar1 says3 ,the ,eldest of the ,eldest the ,absolute ,deity is in ,microprosopos4 ,all things are one3 all was1 all is1 all will be3 there neither will be1 nor is1 nor has been1 mutation4 ,but ,he conformed ,himself1 by the formings1 into a form that contains all forms1 in a form which comprehends all genera4 ,this form is in the likeness of ,his form2 and is not that form but its analogue3 wherefore the human form is the form of all above and below1 which are included in it3 and because it embraces all above and below4 ,the ,most ,holy so took form1 and so ,microprosopos was configured4 ,all things are equally one1 in each of the two ,universals2 but in the second ,his ways are divided1 and judgment is on our side1 and on the side that looks toward us1 also1 they differ4 ,these ,secrets are made known only to the reapers in the ,holy ,field4 ,the ,most ,holy ,ancient is not called ,,athah1 ,thou1 but ,,hua1 ,he3 but in ,microprosopos1 where is the beginning of things1 ,he has the name ,,athah1 and also ,,ab1 ,father4 ,from ,him is the beginning1 and ,he is called ,thou1 and is the ,father of ,fathers4 ,he issues from the ,non-,ens2 and therefore is beyond cognition4 ,wisdom is the ,principle of the ,universe1 and from it thirty-two ways diverge3 and in them the law is contained1 in twenty-two letters and ten words4 ,wisdom is the ,father of ,fathers1 and in this ,wisdom is found the ,beginning and the ,end3 wherefore there is a wisdom in each ,universal1 one above1 the other below4 ,the ,commentary of ,rabbi ,chajun ,vital1 on the ,siphra de ,zeniutha1 says3 ,at the beginning of emanation1 ,microprosopos issued from the ,father1 and was intermingled with the ,mother1 under the mysteries of the letter ,hebrew3 2 ,he1 resolved in ,hebrew3 that is1 ,daleth and ,vau2 by which ,vau is denoted ,microprosopos3 because ,vau is six1 and he is constituted of the six parts that follow ,hakemah and ,binah4 ,and1 according to this conception1 the ,father is called ,father of ,fathers1 because from ,him these ,fathers proceed1 ,benignity1 ,severity1 and ,beauty4 ,microprosopos was then like the letter ,vau in the letter ,he1 because ,he had no head2 but when ,he was now born1 three brains were constituted for ,him1 by the flow of ,divine ,light from above4 ,and as the world of restitution after the vessels of the ,sephiroth below ,binah had been broken1 that from the fragments evil might be created is instituted after the fashion of the ,balance1 so also is it formed throughout in the human form4 ,but ,malakoth1 ,regnum1 is a complete and separate person1 behind ,microprosopos1 and in conjunction with him1 and the two are called man4 ,the first world of ,inanity could not continue and did not subsist1 because it had no human conformation nor the system of the ,balance1 the ,sephiroth being points1 one below the other4 ,the first ,adam ,microprosopos1 as distinguished from ,macroprosopos1 the first ,occult ,adam was the beginning1 wherein the ten ,numerations proceeded forth from potence into act4 ,microprosopos is the second garment or interposed medium1 with respect to the ,elder ,most ,holy1 who is the name ,tetragrammaton2 and he is called ,alohim2 because the former is ,absolute ,commiseration2 while in ,macroprosopos his lights have the nature of ,severities1 with respect to the elder ,universal2 though they are ,commiseration1 with respect to the lights of ,malakoth and the three lower worlds4 ,all the conformations of ,macroprosopos come from the first ,adam2 who1 to interpose a second covering1 caused a single spark to issue from the sphere of ,severity1 of whose five letters is generated the name ,alohim4 ,with this issued from the brain a most subtle air1 which takes its place on the right hand1 while the spark of fire is on the left4 ,thus the white and red do not intermix1 that is1 the ,air and ,fire1 which are ,mercy and ,judgment4 ,microprosopos is the ,tree of the ,knowledge of ,good and ,evil1 his ,severities being the ,evil4 ,,regnum1 to which is given the name of ,word of ,the ,lord1 superinvests ,heaven1 as the six members of the ,degree ,tephareth are called1 and these become and are constituted by that superior vestiture4 ,for every conformation and constitution is effected by means of veiling1 because occultation here is the same as manifestation1 the excess of light being veiled1 so that1 diminished in intensity and degree1 it may be received by those below4 ,those six members conceived of as contained in ,binah1 are said to be in the ,world of ,creation2 as in ,tephareth1 in that of ,formation2 and as in ,malakoth1 in that of ,fabrication4 ,before the institution of equilibrium1 face was not toward face3 ,microprosopos and his wife issuing forth back to back1 and yet cohering4 ,so above2 before the prior ,adam was conformed into male and female1 and the state of equilibrium established1 the ,father and ,mother were not face to face4 ,for the ,father denotes the most perfect ,love2 and the ,mother the most perfect ,rigor4 ,and the seven supernal sons who proceeded from her1 from ,binah1 who brought forth seven1 were all most perfect rigors1 having no connection with a root in the ,most ,holy ,ancient2 that is1 they were all dead1 destroyed1 shattered2 but they were placed in equilibrium1 in the equipoise of the ,occult ,wisdom1 when it was conformed into male and female1 ,rigor and ,love1 and they were then restored1 and there was given them a root above4 ,the ,father is ,love and ,mercy1 and with a pure and subtle ,aur or ,benignity impregnates the ,mother1 who is ,rigor and ,severity of ,judgments2 and the product is the brain of ,microprosopos4 ,it was determined1 says the ,introduction to the ,book ,sohar1 by the ,deity1 to create ,good and ,evil in the world1 according to what is said in ,isaiah1 who makes the ,light and creates the ,evil4 ,but the ,evil was at first occult1 and could not be generated and brought forth1 except by the sinning of the ,first ,adam4 ,wherefore ,he determined that the numerations first emanated1 from ,benignity downward1 should be destroyed and shattered by the excessive influx of ,his ,light2 ,his intention being to create of them the worlds of ,evils4 ,but the first three were to remain and subsist1 that among the fragments should be neither ,will1 ,intellectual1 ,power1 nor the ,capacity of ,intellection of the ,divinity4 ,the last seven numerations were points1 like the first three1 each subsisting independently1 unsustained by companionship2 which was the cause of their dying and being shattered4 ,there was then no ,love between them1 but only a two-fold ,fear2 ,wisdom1 for example1 fearing lest it should ascend again to its ,source in ,kether2 and also lest it should descend into ,binah4 ,hence there was no union between any two1 except ,hakemah and ,binah1 and this imperfect1 with averted faces4 ,this is the meaning of the saying1 that the world was created by ,judgment1 which is fear4 ,and so that world could not subsist1 and the ,seven ,kings were dethroned1 until the attribute of ,compassion was adjoined to it1 and then restoration took place4 ,thence came ,love and ,union1 and six of the parts were united into one person2 for ,love is the attribute of ,compassion or ,mercy4 ,binah produced the ,seven ,kings1 not successively1 but all together4 ,the ,seventh is ,regnum1 called a stone1 the corner-stone1 because on it are builded the palaces of the three lower worlds4 ,the first six were shattered into fragments2 but ,regnum was crushed into a formless mass1 lest the malignant demons created from the fragments of the others should receive bodies from it1 since from it came bodies and vitality ,nephesch4 ,from the fragments of the vessels came all ,evils2 judgments1 turbid waters1 impurities1 the ,serpent1 and ,adam ,belial ,baal4 ,but their internal light re-ascended to ,binah1 and then flowed down again into the worlds ,briah and ,yezirah1 there to form vestiges of the ,seven ,numerations4 ,the ,sparks of the great ,influence of the shattered vases descending into the four spiritual elements1 ,fire1 ,air1 ,water1 and ,earth1 and thence into the inanimate1 vegetable1 living1 and speaking kingdoms1 became ,souls4 ,selecting the suitable from the unsuitable lights1 and separating the good from the evil1 the ,deity first restored the universality of the ,seven ,kings of the ,world ,aziluth1 and afterward the three other ,worlds4 ,and though in them were1 both good and evil1 still this evil did not develop itself in act1 since the ,severities remained1 though mitigated2 some portion of them being necessary to prevent the fragments of the integuments from ascending4 ,these were also left1 because connection of two is necessary to generation4 ,and this necessity for the existence of ,severity is the mystery of the pleasure and warmth of the generative appetite2 and thence ,love between husband and wife4 ,if the ,deity1 says the ,introduction1 had not created worlds and then destroyed them1 there could have been no evil in the world1 but all things must have been good4 ,there would have been neither reward nor punishment in the world4 ,there would have been no merit in righteousness1 for the ,good is known by the evil1 nor would there have been fruitfulness or multiplication in the world4 ,if all carnal concupiscence were enchained for three days in the mouth of the great abyss1 the egg of one of the days would be wanting to the sick man4 ,in time to come it will be called ,laban ,hebrew3 --white1 because it will be whitened of its impurity1 and will return to the realm ,israel1 and they will pray the ,lord to give them the appetite of carnal concupiscence1 for the begetting of children4 ,the intention of ,god was1 when ,he created the world1 that ,his creatures should recognize ,his existence4 ,therefore ,he created evils1 to afflict them withal when they should sin1 and ,light and ,blessing to reward the just4 ,and therefore man necessarily has free-will and election1 since ,good and ,evil are in the ,world4 ,and these kings died1 says the ,commentary1 because the condition of equilibrium did not yet exist1 nor was ,adam ,kadmon formed male and female4 ,they were not in contact with what was alive3 nor had any root in ,adam ,kadmon2 nor was ,wisdom which outflowed from ,him1 their root1 nor did they connect with it4 ,for all these were pure mercies and most simple ,love2 but those were rigorous judgments4 ,whence face looked not toward face2 nor the ,father toward the ,mother1 because from her proceeded judgments4 ,nor ,macroprosopos toward ,microprosopos4 ,and ,regnum1 the last numeration1 was empty and inane4 ,it has nothing of itself2 and1 as it were1 was nothing1 receiving nothing from them4 ,its need was1 to receive ,love from the ,male2 for it is mere rigor and judgment2 and the ,love and ,rigor must temper each other1 to produce creation1 and its multitudes above and below4 ,for it was made to be inhabited2 and when rigorous judgments rule in it1 it is inane because its processes cannot be carried on4 ,wherefore the ,balance must needs be instituted1 that there might be a root above1 so that judgments might be restored and tempered1 and live and not again die4 ,and ,seven ,conformations descend2 and all things become in equilibrium1 and the needle of the ,balance is the root above4 ,in the world ,yezirah1 says the ,pneumatica ,kabalistica1 ,hebrew3 denotes ,kether2 ,hebrew3 1 ,hakemah and ,binah2 and ,hebrew3 1 ,gedulah1 ,geburah1 and ,tephareth2 and thus ,vau is ,beauty and ,harmony4 ,the ,man is ,hakemah2 the ,eagle1 ,binah2 the ,lion1 ,gedulah2 and the ,ox1 ,geburah4 ,and the mysterious circle is thus formed by the ,sohar and all the ,kabalists3 ,michael and the face of the ,lion are on the ,south1 and the right hand1 with the letter ,hebrew3 1 ,yod1 and ,water2 ,gabriel and the face of the ,ox1 on the ,north1 and left hand1 with the first ,hebrew3 of the ,tetragrammaton and ,fire2 ,uriel and the face of the ,eagle1 on the ,east and forward1 with and ,air2 and ,raphael and the face of the ,man1 on the ,west1 and backward with the last ,hebrew3 1 and ,earth4 ,in the same order1 the four letters represent the four worlds4 ,rabbi ,schimeon ,ben ,jochai says that the four animals of the ,mysterious ,chariot1 whose wheels are ,netsach and ,hd1 are ,gedulah1 whose face is the ,lion's2 ,geburah1 with that of the ,ox2 ,tephareth1 with that of the ,eagle2 and ,malakoth1 with that of the ,man4 ,the ,seven lower ,sephiroth1 says the sch ,mezareph1 will represent ,seven ,metals2 ,gedulah and ,geburah1 ,silver and ,gold2 ,tephareth1 ,iron2 ,netsach and ,hod1 ,tin and ,copper2 ,yesod1 ,lead2 and ,malakoth will be the metallic ,woman and ,morn of the ,sages1 the field wherein are to be sowed the ,seeds of the ,secret ,minerals1 to wit1 the ,water of ,gold2 but in these such mysteries are concealed as no tongue can utter4 ,the word ,hebrew3 1 ,amas1 is composed of the initials of the three ,hebrew words that signify ,air1 ,water1 and ,fire2 by which1 say the ,kabalists1 are denoted ,benignity1 ,judicial ,rigor1 and ,mercy or ,compassion mediating between them4 ,malakoth1 says the ,apparatus1 is called ,haikal1 ,temple or ,palace1 because it is the ,palace of the ,degree ,tephareth1 which is concealed and contained in it1 and ,haikal denotes the place in which all things are contained4 ,for the better understanding of the ,kabalah1 remember that ,kether1 or the ,crown1 is treated of as a person1 composed of the ten ,numerations1 and as such termed ,arik ,anpin1 or ,macroprosopos3 ,that ,hakemah is a person1 and termed ,abba1 or ,father3 ,that ,binah is a person1 and termed ,mother1 ,imma3 ,that ,tephareth1 including all the ,nurnerations from ,khased or ,gedulah to ,yesod1 is a person1 called ,seir ,anpin1 or ,microprosopos4 ,these ,numerations are six in number1 and are represented by the interlaced triangle1 or the ,seal of ,solomon4 ,and ,malakoth is a person1 and called the wife of ,microprosopos4 ,vau represents the ,beauty or ,harmony1 consisting of the six parts which constitute ,seir ,anpin4 ,the wife1 ,malakoth1 is said to be behind the husband1 ,seir1 and to have no other cognition of him4 ,and this is thus explained3 ,that every cognizable object is to be known in two ways3 priori1 which is when it is known by means of its cause1 or of itself2 or1 posteriori when it is known by its effects4 ,the most nearly perfect mode of cognition is1 when the intellect knows the thing itself1 in itself1 and through itself4 ,but if it knows the thing by its similitude or idea1 or species separate from it1 or by its effects and operations1 the cognition is much feebler and more imperfect4 ,and it is thus only that ,regnum1 the wife of ,seir1 knows her husband1 until face is turned to face1 when they unite1 and she has the more nearly perfect knowledge4 ,for then the ,deity1 as limited and manifested in ,seir and the ,universe are one4 ,vau is ,tephareth1 considered as the ,unity in which are the six members1 of which itself is one4 ,tephareth1 ,beauty1 is the column which supports the world1 symbolized by the column of the junior ,warden in the ,blue ,lodges4 ,the world was first created by judgment3 and as it could not so subsist1 ,mercy was conjoined with ,judgment1 and the ,divine ,mercies sustain the ,universe4 ,god1 says the ,idra ,suta1 formed all things in the form of male and female1 since otherwise the continuance of things was impossible4 ,the ,all-embracing ,wisdom1 issuing and shining from the ,most ,holy ,ancient1 shines not otherwise than as male and female4 ,wisdom as the ,father1 ,intelligence the ,mother1 are in equilibrium as male and female1 and they are conjoined1 and one shines in the other4 ,then they generate1 and are expanded in the ,truth4 ,then the two are the ,perfection of all things1 when they are coupled2 and when the ,son is in them1 the summary of all things is in one4 ,these things are intrusted only to the ,holy ,superiors1 who have entered and gone out and known the ways of the ,most ,holy ,god1 so as not to err in them1 to the right hand or to the left4 ,for these things are hidden2 and the lofty ,holinesses shine in them1 as light flows from the splendor of a lamp4 ,these things are committed only to those who have entered and not withdrawn2 for he who has not done so had better never have been born4 ,all things are comprehended in the letters ,vau and ,he2 and all are one system2 and these are the letters1 ,hebrew3 1 ,tabunah1 ,intelligence4 ,illustration3 of letter ',x' ,,xxix4 ,,grand ,,scottish ,,knight ,,of ,,st4 ,,andrew4 ,a miraculous tradition1 something like that connected with the labarum of ,constantine1 hallows the ,ancient ,cross of ,st4 ,andrew4 ,hungus1 who in the ninth century reigned over the ,picts in ,scotland1 is said to have seen in a vision1 on the night before a battle1 the ,apostle ,saint ,andrew1 who promised him the victory2 and for an assured token thereof1 he told him that there should appear over the ,pictish host1 in the air1 such a fashioned cross as he had suffered upon4 ,hungus1 awakened1 looking up at the sky1 saw the promised cross1 as did all of both armies2 and ,hungus and the ,picts1 after rendering thanks to the ,apostle for their victory1 and making their offerings with humble devotion1 vowed that from thenceforth1 as well they as their posterity1 in time of war1 would wear a cross of ,st4 ,andrew for their badge and cognizance4 ,john ,leslie1 ,bishop of ,ross1 says that this cross appeared to ,achaius1 ,king of the ,scots1 and ,hungus1 ,king of the ,picts1 the night before the battle was fought betwixt them and ,athelstane1 ,king of ,england1 as they were on their knees at prayer4 ,every cross of ,knighthood is a symbol of the nine qualities of a ,knight of ,st4 ,andrew of ,scotland2 for every order of chivalry required of its votaries the same virtues and the same excellencies4 ,humility1 ,patience1 and ,self-denial are the three essential qualities of a ,knight of ,st4 ,andrew of ,scotland4 ,the ,cross1 sanctified by the blood of the holy ones who have died upon it2 the ,cross1 which ,jesus of ,nazareth bore1 fainting1 along the streets of ,jerusalem and up to ,calvary1 upon which ,he cried1 ,not ,my will1 ,o ,father6 but ,thine be done1 is an unmistakable and eloquent symbol of these three virtues4 ,he suffered upon it1 because ,he consorted with and taught the poor and lowly1 and found ,his disciples among the fishermen of ,galilee and the despised publicans4 ,his life was one of ,humility1 ,patience1 and ,self-denial4 ,the ,hospitallers and ,templars took upon themselves vows of obedience1 poverty1 and chastity4 ,the ,lamb1 which became the device of the ,seal of the ,order of the ,poor ,fellow ,soldiery of the ,temple of ,solomon1 conveyed the same lessons of humility and self-denial as the original device of two ,knights riding a single horse4 ,the ,grand ,commander warned every candidate not to be induced to enter the ,order by a vain hope of enjoying earthly pomp and splendor4 ,he told him that he would have to endure many things1 sorely against his inclinations2 and that he would be compelled to give up his own will1 and submit entirely to that of his superiors4 ,the religious ,houses of the ,hospitallers1 despoiled by ,henry the ,eighth's worthy daughter1 ,elizabeth1 because they would not take the oath to maintain her supremacy1 had been ,alms-houses1 and ,dispensaries1 and ,foundling-asyla1 relieving the ,state of many orphan and outcast children1 and ministering to their necessities1 ,god's ravens in the wilderness1 bread and flesh in the morning1 bread and flesh in the evening4 ,they had been ,inns to the wayfaring man1 who heard from afar the sound of the ,vesper-bell1 inviting him to repose and devotion at once1 and who might sing his matins with the ,morning ,star1 and go on his way rejoicing4 ,and the ,knights were no less distinguished by bravery in battle1 than by tenderness and zeal in their ministrations to the sick and dying4 ,the ,knights of ,st4 ,andrew vowed to defend all orphans1 maidens1 and widows of good family1 and wherever they heard of murderers1 robbers1 or masterful thieves who oppressed the people1 to bring them to the laws1 to the best of their power4 ,if fortune fail you1 so ran the vows of ,rouge-,croix1 in divers lands or countries wherever you go or ride that you find any gentleman of name and arms1 which hath lost goods1 in worship and ,knighthood1 in the ,king's service1 or in any other place of worship1 and is fallen into poverty1 you shall aid1 and support1 and succor him1 in that you may2 and he ask of you your goods to his sustenance1 you shall give him part of such goods as ,god hath sent you to your power1 and as you may bear4 ,thus ,,charity and ,,generosity are even more essential qualities of a true and gentle ,knight1 and have been so in all ages2 and so also hath ,,clemency4 ,it is a mark of a noble nature to spare the conquered4 ,valor is then best tempered1 when it can turn out a stern fortitude into the mild strains of pity1 which never shines more brightly than when she is clad in steel4 ,a martial man1 compassionate1 shall conquer both in peace and war2 and by a twofold way1 get victory with honor4 ,the most famed men in the world have had in them both courage and compassion4 ,an enemy reconciled hath a greater value than the long train of captives of a ,roman triumph4 ,,virtue1 ,,truth1 and ,,honor are the three ,,most essential qualities of a ,knight of ,st4 ,andrew4 ,ye shall love ,god above all things1 and be steadfast in the ,faith1 it was said to the ,knights1 in their charge1 and ye shall be true unto your ,sovereign ,lord1 and true to your word and promise4 ,also1 ye shall sit in no place where that any judgment should be given wrongfully against any body1 to your knowledge4 ,the law hath not power to strike the virtuous1 nor can fortune subvert the wise4 ,virtue and ,wisdom1 only1 perfect and defend man4 ,virtue's garment is a sanctuary so sacred1 that even ,princes dare not strike the man that is thus robed4 ,it is the livery of the ,king of ,heaven4 ,it protects us when we are unarmed2 and is an armor that we cannot lose1 unless we be false to ourselves4 ,it is the tenure by which we hold of ,heaven1 without which we are but outlaws1 that cannot claim protection4 ,nor is there wisdom without virtue1 but only a cunning way of procuring our own undoing4 ,peace is nigh ,where ,wisdom's voice has found a listening heart4 ,amid the howl of more than winter storms1 ,the halcyon hears the voice of vernal hours1 ,already on the wing4 ,sir ,launcelot thought no chivalry equal to that of ,virtue4 ,this word means not continence only1 but chiefly manliness1 and so includes what in the old ,english was called souffrance1 that patient endurance which is like the emerald1 ever green and flowering2 and also that other virtue1 droicture1 uprightness1 a virtue so strong and so puissant1 that by means of it all earthly things almost attain to be unchangeable4 ,even our swords are formed to remind us of the ,cross1 and you and any other of us may live to show how much men bear and do not die2 for this world is a place of sorrow and tears1 of great evils and a constant calamity1 and if we would win true honor in it1 we must permit no virtue of a ,knight to become unfamiliar to us1 as men's friends1 coldly entreated and not greatly valued1 become mere ordinary acquaintances4 ,we must not view with impatience or anger those who injure us2 for it is very inconsistent with philosophy1 and particularly with the ,divine ,wisdom that should govern every ,prince ,adept1 to betray any great concern about the evils which the world1 which the vulgar1 whether in robes or tatters1 can inflict upon the brave4 ,the favor of ,god and the love of our ,brethren rest upon a basis which the strength of malice cannot overthrow2 and with these and a generous temper and noble equanimity1 we have everything4 ,to be consistent with our professions as ,masons1 to retain the dignity of our nature1 the consciousness of our own honor1 the spirit of the high chivalry that is our boast1 we must disdain the evils that are only material and bodily1 and therefore can be no bigger than a blow or a cozenage1 than a wound or a dream4 ,look to the ancient days1 ,sir ,e4441 for excellent examples of ,,virtue1 ,,truth1 and ,,honor1 and imitate with a noble emulation the ,ancient ,knights1 the first ,hospitallers and ,templars1 and ,bayard1 and ,sydney1 and ,saint ,louis2 in the words of ,pliny to his friend ,maximus1 ,revere the ancient glory1 and that old age which in man is venerable1 in cities sacred4 ,honor antiquity and great deeds1 and detract nothing from the dignity and liberty of any one4 ,if those who now pretend to be the great and mighty1 the learned and wise of the world1 shall agree in condemning the memory of the heroic ,knights of former ages1 and in charging with folly us who think that they should be held in eternal remembrance1 and that we should defend them from an evil hearing1 do you remember that if these who now claim to rule and teach the world should condemn or scorn your poor tribute of fidelity1 still it is for you to bear therewith modestly1 and yet not to be ashamed1 since a day will come when these who now scorn those who were of infinitely higher and finer natures than they are1 will be pronounced to have lived poor and pitiful lives1 and the world will make haste to forget them4 ,but neither must you believe that1 even in this very different age1 of commerce and trade1 of the vast riches of many1 and the poverty of thousands1 of thriving towns and tenement houses swarming with paupers1 of churches with rented pews1 and theatres1 opera-houses1 custom-houses1 and banks1 of steam and telegraph1 of shops and commercial palaces1 of manufactories and trades-unions1 the ,gold-room and the ,stock ,exchange1 of newspapers1 elections1 ,congresses1 and ,legislatures1 of the frightful struggle for wealth and the constant wrangle for place and power1 of the worship paid to the children of mammon1 and covetousness of official station1 there are no men of the antique stamp for you to revere1 no heroic and knightly souls1 that preserve their nobleness and equanimity in the chaos of conflicting passions1 of ambition and baseness that welters around them4 ,it is quite true that ,government tends always to become a conspiracy against liberty2 or1 where votes give place1 to fall habitually into such hands that little which is noble or chivalric is found among those who rule and lead the people4 ,it is true that men1 in this present age1 become distinguished for other things1 and may have name and fame1 and flatterers and lacqueys1 and the oblation of flattery1 who would1 in a knightly age1 have been despised for the want in them of all true gentility and courage2 and that such men are as likely as any to be voted for by the multitude1 who rarely love or discern or receive truth2 who run after fortune1 hating what is oppressed1 and ready to worship the prosperous2 who love accusation and hate apologies2 and who are always glad to hear and ready to believe evil of those who care not for their favor and seek not their applause4 ,but no country can ever be wholly without men of the old heroic strain and stamp1 whose word no man will dare to doubt1 whose virtue shines resplendent in all calamities and reverses and amid all temptations1 and whose honor scintillates and glitters as purely and perfectly as the diamond--men who are not wholly the slaves of the material occupations and pleasures of life1 wholly engrossed in trade1 in the breeding of cattle1 in the framing and enforcing of revenue regulations1 in the chicanery of the law1 the objects of political envy1 in the base trade of the lower literature1 or in the heartless1 hollow vanities of an eternal dissipation4 ,every generation1 in every country1 will bequeath to those who succeed it splendid examples and great images of the dead1 to be admired and imitated2 there were such among the ,romans1 under the basest ,emperors2 such in ,england when the ,long ,parliament ruled2 such in ,france during its ,saturnalia of irreligion and murder1 and some such have made the annals of ,america illustrious4 ,when things tend to that state and condition in which1 in any country under the sun1 the management of its affairs and the customs of its people shall require men to entertain a disbelief in the virtue and honor of those who make and those who are charged to execute the laws2 when there shall be everywhere a spirit of suspicion and scorn of all who hold or seek office1 or have amassed wealth2 when falsehood shall no longer dishonor a man1 and oaths give no assurance of true testimony1 and one man hardly expect another to keep faith with him1 or to utter his real sentiments1 or to be true to any party or to any cause when another approaches him with a bribe2 when no one shall expect what he says to be printed without additions1 perversions1 and misrepresentations2 when public misfortunes shall be turned to private profit1 the press pander to licentiousness1 the pulpit ring with political harangues1 long prayers to ,god1 eloquently delivered to admiring auditors1 be written out for publication1 like poems and political speeches2 when the uprightness of judges shall be doubted1 and the honesty of legislators be a standing jest2 then men may come to doubt whether the old days were not better than the new1 the ,monastery than the ,opera ,bouffe1 the little chapel than the drinking-saloon1 the ,convents than the buildings as large as they1 without their antiquity1 without their beauty1 without their holiness1 true ,acherusian ,temples1 where the passer-by hears from within the never-ceasing din and clang and clashing of machinery1 and where1 when the bell rings1 it is to call wretches to their work and not to their prayers2 where1 says an animated writer1 they keep up a perennial laudation of the ,devil1 before furnaces which are never suffered to cool4 ,it has been well said1 that whatever withdraws us from the power of our senses1 whatever makes the ,past1 the ,distant1 or the ,future1 predominate over the ,present1 advances us in the dignity of thinking beings4 ,the modern rivals of the ,german ,spa1 with their flaunting pretences and cheap finery1 their follies and frivolities1 their chronicles of dances and inelegant feasts1 and their bulletins of women's names and dresses1 are poor substitutes for the ,monastery and ,church which our ancestors would have built in the deep sequestered valleys1 shut up between rugged mountains and forests of sombre pine2 and a man of meditative temper1 learned1 and of poetic feeling1 would be glad if he could exchange the showy hotel1 amid the roar and tumult of the city1 or the pretentious tavern of the country-town1 for one old humble ,monastery by the wayside1 where he could refresh himself and his horse without having to fear either pride1 impertinence1 or knavery1 or to pay for pomp1 glitter1 and gaudy ornamentation2 then where he could make his orisons in a church which resounded with divine harmony1 and there were no pews for wealth to isolate itself within2 where he could behold the poor happy and edified and strengthened with the thoughts of ,heaven2 where he could then converse with learned and holy and gentle men1 and before he took his departure could exalt and calm his spirits by hearing the evening song4 ,even ,free-,masonry has so multiplied its members that its obligations are less regarded than the simple promises which men make to one another upon the streets and in the markets4 ,it clamors for public notice and courts notoriety by scores of injudicious journals2 it wrangles in these1 or1 incorporated by law1 carries its controversies into the ,courts4 ,its elections are1 in some ,orients1 conducted with all the heat and eagerness1 the office-seeking and management of political struggles for place4 ,and an empty pomp1 with semi-military dress and drill1 of peaceful citizens1 glittering with painted banners1 plumes1 and jewels1 gaudy and ostentatious1 commends to the public favor and female admiration an ,order that challenges comparison with the noble ,knights1 the heroic soldiery encased in steel and mail1 stern despisers of danger and death1 who made themselves immortal memories1 and won ,jerusalem from the infidels and fought at ,acre and ,ascalon1 and were the bulwark of ,christendom against the ,saracenic legions that swarmed after the green banner of the ,prophet ,mohammed4 ,if you1 ,sir ,e4441 would be respectable as a ,knight1 and not a mere tinselled pretender and ,knight of straw1 you must practise1 and be diligent and ardent in the practice of1 the virtues you have professed in this ,degree4 ,how can a ,mason vow to be tolerant1 and straightway denounce another for his political opinions8 ,how vow to be zealous and constant in the service of the ,order1 and be as useless to it as if he were dead and buried8 ,what does the symbolism of the ,compass and ,square profit him1 if his sensual appetites and baser passions are not governed by1 but domineer over his moral sense and reason1 the animal over the divine1 the earthly over the spiritual1 both points of the compass remaining below the ,square8 ,what a hideous mockery to call one ,brother1 whom he maligns to the ,profane1 lends money unto at usury1 defrauds in trade1 or plunders at law by chicanery8 ,,virtue1 ,,truth1 ,,honor6--possessing these and never proving false to your vows1 you will be worthy to call yourself a ,knight1 to whom ,sir ,john ,chandos might1 if living1 give his hand1 and whom ,st4 ,louis and ,falkland1 ,tancred and ,baldassar ,castiglione would recognise as worthy of their friendship4 ,chivalry1 a noble ,spaniard said1 is a religious ,order1 and there are ,knights in the fraternity of ,saints in ,heaven4 ,therefore do you here1 and for all time to come1 lay aside all uncharitable and repining feeling2 be proof henceforward against the suggestions of undisciplined passion and inhuman zeal2 learn to hate the vices and not the vicious2 be content with the discharge of the duties which your ,masonic and ,knightly professions require2 be governed by the old principles of honor and chivalry1 and reverence with constancy that ,truth which is as sacred and immutable as ,god ,himself4 ,and above all1 remember always1 that jealousy is not our life1 nor disputation our end1 nor disunion our health1 nor revenge our happiness2 but loving-kindness is all these1 greater than ,hope1 greater than ,faith1 which can remove mountains1 properly the only thing which ,god requires of us1 and in the possession of which lies the fulfillment of all our duties4 ,by ,ill4 ,bro4 ,rev4 ,w4,w4 ,lord1 #cb4 ,we are constrained to confess it to be true1 that men1 in this ,age of ,iron1 worship gods of wood and iron and brass1 the work of their own hands4 ,the ,steam-,engine is the pre-eminent god of the nineteenth century1 whose idolaters are everywhere1 and those1 who wield its tremendous power securely account themselves gods1 everywhere in the civilized world4 ,others confess it everywhere1 and we must confess here1 how reluctantly soever1 that the age which we represent is narrowed and not enlarged by its discoveries1 and has lost a larger world than it has gained4 ,if we cannot go as far as the satirist who says that our self-adored century --its broad clown's back turns broadly on the glory of the stars1 we can go with him when he adds1 ,we are gods by our own reckoning1 and may as well shut up our temples ,and wield on amidst the incense-steam1 the thunder of our cars3 ,for we throw out acclamations of self-thanking1 self-admiring1 ,with1 at every step1 ,run faster1 ,o the wondrous1 wondrous age6 ,little heeding if our souls are wrought as nobly as our iron1 ,or if angels will commend us at the goal of pilgrimage4 ,deceived by their increased but still very imperfect knowledge and limited mastery of the brute forces of nature1 men imagine that they have discovered the secrets of ,divine ,wisdom1 and do not hesitate1 in their own thoughts1 to put human prudence in the place of the ,divine4 ,destruction was denounced by the ,prophets against ,tyre and ,sidon1 ,babylon1 and ,damascus1 and ,jerusalem1 as a consequence of the sins of their people2 but if fire now consumes or earthquake shatters or the tornado crushes a great city1 those are scoffed at as fanatics and sneered at for indulging in cant1 or rebuked for ,pharisaic uncharitableness1 who venture to believe and say that there are divine retributions and ,god's judgment in the ruin wrought by ,his mighty agencies4 ,science1 wandering in error1 struggles to remove ,god's ,providence to a distance from us and the material ,universe1 and to substitute for its supervision and care and constant overseeing1 what it calls ,forces--,forces of ,nature--,forces of ,matter4 ,it will not see that the ,forces of ,nature are the varied actions of ,god4 ,hence it becomes antagonistic to all ,religion1 and to all the old ,faith that has from the beginning illuminated human souls and constituted their consciousness of their own dignity1 their divine origin1 and their immortality2 that ,faith which is the ,light by which the human soul is enabled1 as it were1 to see itself4 ,it is not one religion only1 but the basis of all religions1 the ,truth that is in all religions1 even the religious creed of ,masonry1 that is in danger4 ,for all religions have owed all of life that they have had1 and their very being1 to the foundation on which they were reared2 the proposition1 deemed undeniable and an axiom1 that the ,providence of ,god rules directly in all the affairs and changes of material things4 ,the ,science of the age has its hands upon the pillars of the ,temple1 and rocks it to its foundation4 ,as yet its destructive efforts have but torn from the ancient structure the worm-eaten fret-work of superstition1 and shaken down some incoherent additions--owl-inhabited turrets of ignorance1 and massive props that supported nothing4 ,the structure itself will be overthrown1 when1 in the vivid language of a living writer1 ,human reason leaps into the throne of ,god and waves her torch over the ruins of the ,universe4 ,science deals only with phenomena1 and is but charlatanism when it babbles about the powers or causes that produce these1 or what the things are1 in essence1 of which it gives us merely the names4 ,it no more knows what ,light or ,sound or ,perfume is1 than the ,aryan cattle-herders did1 when they counted the ,dawn and ,fire1 ,flame and ,light and ,heat as gods4 ,and that ,atheistic ,science is not even half-science1 which ascribes the ,universe and its powers and forces to a system of natural laws or to an inherent energy of ,nature1 or to causes unknown1 existing and operating independently of a ,divine and ,supra-natural power4 ,that theory would be greatly fortified1 if science were always capable of protecting life and property1 and1 with anything like the certainty of which it boasts1 securing human interests even against the destructive agencies that man himself develops in his endeavors to subserve them4 ,fire1 the fourth element1 as the old philosophers deemed it1 is his most useful and abject servant4 ,why cannot man prevent his ever breaking that ancient indenture1 old as ,prometheus1 old as ,adam8 ,why can he not be certain that at any moment his terrible subject may not break forth and tower up into his master1 tyrant1 destroyer8 ,it is because it also is a power of nature2 which1 in ultimate trial of forces1 is always superior to man4 ,it is also because1 in a different sense from that in which it is the servant of man1 it is the servant of ,him ,who makes ,his ministers a flame of fire1 and ,who is over nature1 as nature is over man4 ,there are powers of nature which man does not even attempt to check or control4 ,naples does nothing against ,vesuvius4 ,valparaiso only trembles with the trembling earth before the coming earthquake4 ,the sixty thousand people who went down alive into the grave when ,lisbon buried her population under both earth and sea had no knowledge of the causes1 and no possible control over the power1 that effected their destruction4 ,but here the servant1 and1 in a sense1 the creature of man1 the drudge of kitchen and factory1 the humble slave of the lamp1 engaged in his most servile employment1 appearing as a little point of flame1 or perhaps a feeble spark1 suddenly snaps his brittle chain1 breaks from his prison1 and leaps with destructive fury1 as if from the very bosom of ,hell1 upon the doomed dwellings of fifty thousand human beings1 each of whom1 but a moment before1 conceived himself his master4 ,and those daring fire-brigades1 with their water-artillery1 his conquerors1 it seemed1 upon so many midnight fields1 stand paralyzed in the presence of their conqueror4 ,in other matters relative to human safety and interests we have observed how confident science becomes upon the strength of some slight success in the war of man with nature1 and how much inclined to put itself in the place of ,providence1 which1 by the very force of the term1 is the only absolute science4 ,near the beginning of this century1 for instance1 medical and sanitary science had made1 in the course of a few years1 great and wonderful progress4 ,the great plague which wasted ,europe in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries1 and reappeared in the seventeenth1 had been identified with a disease which yields to enlightened treatment1 and its ancient virulence was attributed to ignorance of hygiene1 and the filthy habits of a former age4 ,another fatal and disfiguring scourge had to a great extent been checked by the discovery of vaccination4 ,from ,sangrado to ,sydenham1 from ,paracelsus to ,jenner1 the healing art had indeed taken a long stride4 ,the ,faculty might be excused had it then said1 ,man is mortal1 disease will be often fatal2 but there shall be no more unresisted and unnecessary slaughter by infectious disease1 no more general carnage1 no more carnivals of terror and high festivals of death4 ,the conceited boast would hardly have died upon the lip1 when1 from the mysterious depths of remotest ,india a spectre stalked forth1 or rather a monster crept1 more fearful than human eye had ever yet beheld4 ,and not with surer instinct does the tiger of the jungles1 where this terrible pestilence was born1 catch the scent of blood upon the air1 than did this invisible ,destroyer1 this fearful agent of ,almighty ,power1 this tremendous ,consequence of some ,sufficient ,cause1 scent the tainted atmosphere of ,europe and turn ,westward his devastating march4 ,the millions of dead left in his path through ,asia proved nothing4 ,they were unarmed1 ignorant1 defenceless1 unaided by science1 undefended by art4 ,the cholera was to them inscrutable and irresistible as ,azrael1 the ,angel of ,death4 ,but it came to ,europe and swept the halls of science as it had swept the ,indian village and the ,persian khan4 ,it leaped as noiselessly and descended as destructively upon the population of many a high-towered1 wide-paved1 purified1 and disinfected city of the ,west as upon the ,pariahs of ,tanjore and the filthy streets of ,stamboul4 ,in ,vienna1 ,paris1 ,london1 the scenes of the great plague were re-enacted4 ,the sick man started in his bed1 ,the watcher leaped upon the floor1 ,at the cry1 ,bring out your dead1 ,the cart is at the door6 ,was this the judgment of ,almighty ,god8 ,he would be bold who should say that it was2 he would be bolder who should say it was not4 ,to ,paris1 at least1 that ,european ,babylon1 how often have the further words of the prophet to the daughter of the ,chaldans1 the lady of kingdoms1 been fulfilled8 ,thy wisdom and thy knowledge have perverted thee1 and thou hast said in thy heart ,i am and none else beside me4 ,therefore shall evil come upon thee2 thou shalt not know whence it riseth2 and mischief shall fall upon thee2 thou shalt not be able to put it off2 desolation shall come upon thee suddenly4 ,and as to ,london--it looked like judgment1 if it be true that the ,asiatic cholera had its origin in ,english avarice and cruelty1 as they suppose who trace it to the tax which ,warren ,hastings1 when ,governor-,general of ,india1 imposed on salt1 thus cutting off its use from millions of the vegetable-eating races of the ,east3 just as that disease whose spectral shadow lies always upon ,america's threshold1 originated in the avarice and cruelty of the slave-trade1 translating the ,african coast fever to the congenial climate of the ,west ,indies and ,southern ,america--the yellow fever of the former1 and the vomito negro of the latter4 ,but we should be slow to make inferences from our petty human logic to the ethics of the ,almighty4 ,whatever the cruelty of the slave-trade1 or the severity of slavery on the continents or islands of ,america1 we should still1 in regard to its supposed consequences1 be wiser1 perhaps1 to say with that great and simple ,casuist ,who gave the world the ,christian religion3 ,suppose ye that these ,galileans were sinners above all the ,galileans because they suffered such things8 or those eighteen upon whom the tower of ,siloam fell and slew them1 think ye that they were sinners above all the men that dwelt in ,jerusalem8 ,retribution bars retaliation1 even in words4 ,a city shattered1 burned1 destroyed1 desolate1 a land wasted1 humiliated1 made a desert and a wilderness1 or wearing the thorny crown of humiliation and subjugation1 is invested with the sacred prerogatives and immunities of the dead4 ,the base human revenge of exultation at its fall and ruin should shrink back abashed in the presence of the infinite ,divine chastisement4 ,forgiveness is wiser than revenge1 our ,freemasonry teaches us1 and it is better to love than to hate4 ,let him who sees in great calamities the hand of ,god1 be silent1 and fear ,his judgments4 ,men are great or small in stature as it pleases ,god4 ,but their nature is great or small as it pleases themselves4 ,men are not born1 some with great souls and some with little souls4 ,one by taking thought cannot add to his stature1 but he can enlarge his soul4 ,by an act of the will he can make himself a moral giant1 or dwarf himself to a pigmy4 ,there are two natures in man1 the higher and the lower1 the great and the mean1 the noble and the ignoble2 and he can and must1 by his own voluntary act1 identify himself with the one or with the other4 ,freemasonry is continual effort to exalt the nobler nature over the ignoble1 the spiritual over the material1 the divine in man over the human4 ,in this great effort and purpose the chivalric ,degrees concur and co-operate with those that teach the magnificent lessons of morality and philosophy4 ,magnanimity1 mercy1 clemency1 a forgiving temper1 are virtues indispensable to the character of a perfect ,knight4 ,when the low and evil principle in our nature says1 ,do not give2 reserve your beneficence for impoverished friends1 or at least unobjectionable strangers1 ,do not bestow it on successful enemies1--friends only in virtue1 of our misfortunes1 the diviner principle whose voice spake by the despised ,galilean says1 ,do good to them that hate you1 for if ye love them 7only7 who love you1 what reward have you8 ,do not publicans and sinners the same--that is1 the tax-gathers and wicked oppressors1 armed ,romans and renegade ,jews1 whom ye count your enemies8 ,illustration3 two banners ,,xxx4 ,,knight ,,kadosh4 ,we often profit more by our enemies than by our friends4 ,we support ourselves only on that which resists1 and owe our success to opposition4 ,the best friends of ,masonry in ,america were the ,anti-,masons of #ahbf1 and at the same time they were its worst enemies4 ,men are but the automata of ,providence1 and it uses the demagogue1 the fanatic1 and the knave1 a common trinity in ,republics1 as its tools and instruments to effect that of which they do not dream1 and which they imagine themselves commissioned to prevent4 ,the ,anti-,masons1 traitors and perjurers some1 and some mere political knaves1 purified ,masonry by persecution1 and so proved to be its benefactors2 for that which is persecuted1 grows4 ,to them its present popularity is due1 the cheapening of its ,degrees1 the invasion of its ,lodges1 that are no longer ,sanctuaries1 by the multitude2 its pomp and pageantry and overdone display4 ,an hundred years ago it had become known that the ,hebrew3 were the ,templars under a veil1 and therefore the ,degree was proscribed1 and1 ceasing to be worked1 became a mere brief and formal ceremony1 under another name4 ,now1 from the tomb in which after his murders he rotted1 ,clement the ,fifth howls against the successors of his victims1 in the ,allocution of ,pio ,nono against the ,free-,masons4 ,the ghosts of the dead ,templars haunt the ,vatican and disturb the slumbers of the paralyzed ,papacy1 which1 dreading the dead1 shrieks out its excommunications and impotent anathemas against the living4 ,it is a declaration of war1 and was needed to arouse apathy and inertness to action4 ,an enemy of the ,templars shall tell us the secret of this ,papal hostility against an ,order that has existed for centuries in despite of its anathemas1 and has its ,sanctuaries and ,asyla even in ,rome4 ,it will be easy1 as we read1 to separate the false from the true1 the audacious conjectures from the simple facts4 ,a power that ruled without antagonism and without concurrence1 and consequently without control1 proved fatal to the ,sacerdotal ,royalties2 while the ,republics1 on the other hand1 had perished by the conflict of liberties and franchises1 which1 in the absence of all duty hierarchically sanctioned and enforced1 had soon become mere tyrannies1 rivals one of the other4 ,to find a stable medium between these two abysses1 the idea of the ,christian ,hierophants was to create a society devoted to abnegation by solemn vows1 protected by severe regulations2 which should be recruited by initiation1 and which1 sole depositary of the great religious and social secrets1 should make ,kings and ,pontiffs1 without exposing it to the corruptions of ,power4 ,in that was the secret of that kingdom of ,jesus ,christ1 which1 without being of this world1 would govern all its grandeurs4 ,this idea presided at the foundation of the great religious orders1 so often at war with the secular authorities1 ecclesiastical or civil4 ,its realization was also the dream of the dissident sects of ,gnostics or ,illuminati who pretended to connect their faith with the primitive tradition of the ,christianity of ,saint ,john4 ,it at length became a menace for the ,church and ,society1 when a rich and dissolute ,order1 initiated in the mysterious doctrines of the ,kabalah1 seemed disposed to turn against legitimate authority the conservative principle of ,hierarchy1 and threatened the entire world with an immense revolution4 ,the ,templars1 whose history is so imperfectly known1 were those terrible conspirators4 ,in #aaah1 nine ,knights ,crusaders in the ,east1 among whom were ,geoffroi de ,saint-,omer and ,hugues de ,payens1 consecrated themselves to religion1 and took an oath between the hands of the ,patriarch of ,constantinople1 a ,see always secretly or openly hostile to that of ,rome from the time of ,photius4 ,the avowed object of the ,templars was to protect the ,christians who came to visit the ,holy ,places3 their secret object was the re-building of the ,temple of ,solomon on the model prophesied by ,ezekiel4 ,this re-building1 formally predicted by the ,judazing ,mystics of the earlier ages1 had become the secret dream of the ,patriarchs of the ,orient4 ,the ,temple of ,solomon1 re-built and consecrated to the ,catholic worship would become1 in effect1 the ,metropolis of the ,universe2 the ,east would prevail over the ,west1 and the ,patriarchs of ,constantinople would possess themselves of the ,papal power4 ,the ,templars1 or ,poor ,fellow-,soldiery of the ,holy ,house of the ,temple intended to be re-built1 took as their models1 in the ,bible1 the ,warrior-,masons of ,zorobabel1 who worked1 holding the sword in one hand and the trowel in the other4 ,therefore it was that the ,sword and the ,trowel were the insignia of the ,templars1 who subsequently1 as will be seen1 concealed themselves under the name of ,brethren ,masons4 ,this name1 ,frres ,maons in the ,french1 adopted by way of secret reference to the ,builders of the ,second ,temple1 was corrupted in ,english into ,free-,masons1 as ,pythagore de ,crotone was into ,peter ,gower of ,groton in ,england4 ,khairm or ,khr-m1 7a name mis-rendered into ,hiram7 from an artificer in brass and other metals1 became the ,chief ,builder of the ,haikal ,kadosh1 the ,holy ,house1 of the ,temple1 the 2 and the words ,bonai and ,banaim yet appear in the ,masonic ,degrees1 meaning ,builder and ,builders4 ,the trowel of the ,templars is quadruple1 and the triangular plates of it are arranged in the form of a cross1 making the ,kabalistic pantacle known by the name of the ,cross of the ,east4 ,the ,knight of the ,east1 and the ,knight of the ,east and ,west1 have in their titles secret allusions to the ,templars of whom they were at first the successors4 ,the secret thought of ,hugues de ,payens1 in founding his ,order1 was not exactly to serve the ambition of the ,patriarchs of ,constantinople4 ,there existed at that period in the ,east a ,sect of ,johannite ,christians1 who claimed to be the only true ,initiates into the real mysteries of the religion of the ,saviour4 ,they pretended to know the real history of ,,yesus the ,,anointed1 and1 adopting in part the ,jewish traditions and the tales of the ,talmud1 they held that the facts recounted in the ,evangels are but allegories1 the key of which ,saint ,john gives1 in saying that the world might be filled with the books that could be written upon the words and deeds of ,jesus ,christ2 words which1 they thought1 would be only a ridiculous exaggeration1 if he were not speaking of an allegory and a legend1 that might be varied and prolonged to infinity4 ,the ,johannites ascribed to ,saint ,john the foundation of their ,secret ,church1 and the ,grand ,pontiffs of the ,sect assumed the title of ,christos1 ,anointed1 or ,consecrated1 and claimed to have succeeded one another from ,saint ,john by an uninterrupted succession of pontifical powers4 ,he who1 at the period of the foundation of the ,order of the ,temple1 claimed these imaginary prerogatives1 was named ,,theoclet2 he knew ,,hugues ,,de ,,payens1 he initiated him into the ,mysteries and hopes of his pretended church1 he seduced him by the notions of ,sovereign ,priesthood and ,supreme royalty1 and finally designated him as his successor4 ,thus the ,order of ,knights of the ,temple was at its very origin devoted to the cause of opposition to the tiara of ,rome and the crowns of ,kings1 and the ,apostolate of ,kabalistic ,gnosticism was vested in its chiefs4 ,for ,saint ,john himself was the ,father of the ,gnostics1 and the current translation of his polemic against the heretical of his ,sect and the pagans who denied that ,christ was the ,word1 is throughout a misrepresentation1 or misunderstanding at least1 of the whole ,spirit of that ,evangel4 ,the tendencies and tenets of the ,order were enveloped in profound mystery1 and it externally professed the most perfect orthodoxy4 ,the ,chiefs alone knew the aim of the ,order3 the ,subalterns followed them without distrust4 ,to acquire influence and wealth1 then to intrigue1 and at need to fight1 to establish the ,johannite or ,gnostic and ,kabalistic dogma1 were the object and means proposed to the initiated ,brethren4 ,the ,papacy and the rival monarchies1 they said to them1 are sold and bought in these days1 become corrupt1 and to-morrow1 perhaps1 will destroy each other4 ,all that will become the heritage of the ,temple3 the ,world will soon come to us for its ,sovereigns and ,pontiffs4 ,we shall constitute the equilibrium of the ,universe1 and be rulers over the ,masters of the ,world4 ,the ,templars1 like all other ,secret ,orders and ,associations1 had two doctrines1 one concealed and reserved for the ,masters1 which was ,johannism2 the other public1 which was the ,roman ,catholic4 ,thus they deceived the adversaries whom they sought to supplant4 ,hence ,free-,masonry1 vulgarly imagined to have begun with the ,dionysian ,architects or the ,german ,stone-workers1 adopted ,saint ,john the ,evangelist as one of its patrons1 associating with him1 in order not to arouse the suspicions of ,rome1 ,saint ,john the ,baptist1 and thus covertly proclaiming itself the child of the ,kabalah and ,essenism together4 ,for the ,johannism of the ,adepts was the ,kabalah of the earlier ,gnostics1 degenerating afterward into those heretical forms which ,gnosticism developed1 so that even ,manes had his followers among them4 ,many adopted his doctrines of the two ,principles1 the recollection of which is perpetuated by the handle of the dagger and the tesselated pavement or floor of the ,lodge1 stupidly called the ,indented ,tessel1 and represented by great hanging tassels1 when it really means a tesserated floor 7from the ,latin tessera7 of white and black lozenges1 with a necessarily denticulated or indented border or edging4 ,and wherever1 in the higher ,degrees1 the two colors white and black1 are in juxtaposition1 the two ,principles of ,zoroaster and ,manes are alluded to4 ,with others the doctrine became a mystic ,pantheism1 descended from that of the ,brahmins1 and even pushed to an idolatry of ,nature and hatred of every revealed dogma4 ,to all this the absurd reading of the established ,church1 taking literally the figurative1 allegorical1 and mythical language of a collection of ,oriental books of different ages1 directly and inevitably led4 ,the same result long after followed the folly of regarding the ,hebrew books as if they had been written by the unimaginative1 hard1 practical intellect of the ,england of ,james the ,first and the bigoted stolidity of ,scottish ,presbyterianism4 ,the better to succeed and win partisans1 the ,templars sympathized with regrets for dethroned creeds and encouraged the hopes of new worships1 promising to all liberty of conscience and a new orthodoxy that should be the synthesis of all the persecuted creeds4 ,it is absurd to suppose that men of intellect adored a monstrous idol called ,baphomet1 or recognized ,mahomet as an inspired prophet4 ,their symbolism1 invented ages before1 to conceal what it was dangerous to avow1 was of course misunderstood by those who were not adepts1 and to their enemies seemed to be pantheistic4 ,the calf of gold1 made by ,aaron for the ,israelites1 was but one of the oxen under the laver of bronze1 and the ,karobim on the ,propitiatory1 misunderstood4 ,the symbols of the wise always become the idols of the ignorant multitude4 ,what the ,chiefs of the ,order really believed and taught1 is indicated to the ,adepts by the hints contained in the high ,degrees of ,free-,masonry1 and by the symbols which only the ,adepts understand4 ,the ,blue ,degrees are but the outer court or portico of the ,temple4 ,part of the symbols are displayed there to the ,initiate1 but he is intentionally misled by false interpretations4 ,it is not intended that he shall understand them2 but it is intended that he shall imagine he understands them4 ,their true explication is reserved for the ,adepts1 the ,princes of ,masonry4 ,the whole body of the ,royal and ,sacerdotal ,art was hidden so carefully1 centuries since1 in the ,high ,degrees1 as that it is even yet impossible to solve many of the enigmas which they contain4 ,it is well enough for the mass of those called ,masons1 to imagine that all is contained in the ,blue ,degrees2 and whose attempts to undeceive them will labor in vain1 and without any true reward violate his obligations as an ,adept4 ,masonry is the veritable ,sphinx1 buried to the head in the sands heaped round it by the ages4 ,the seeds of decay were sown in the ,order of the ,temple at its origin4 ,hypocrisy is a mortal disease4 ,it had conceived a great work which it was incapable of executing1 because it knew neither humility nor personal abnegation1 because ,rome was then invincible1 and because the later ,chiefs of the ,order did not comprehend its mission4 ,moreover1 the ,templars were in general uneducated1 and capable only of wielding the sword1 with no qualifications for governing1 and at need enchaining1 that queen of the world called ,opinion4 ,the doctrines of the ,chiefs would1 if expounded to the masses1 have seemed to them the babblings of folly4 ,the symbols of the wise are the idols of the vulgar1 or else as meaningless as the hieroglyphics of ,egypt to the nomadic ,arabs4 ,there must always be a common-place interpretation for the mass of ,initiates1 of the symbols that are eloquent to the ,adepts4 ,hugues de ,payens himself had not that keen and far-sighted intellect nor that grandeur of purpose which afterward distinguished the military founder of another soldiery that became formidable to kings4 ,the ,templars were unintelligent and therefore unsuccessful ,jesuits4 ,their watchword was1 to become wealthy1 in order to buy the world4 ,they became so1 and in #acab they possessed in ,europe alone more than nine thousand seignories4 ,riches were the shoal on which they were wrecked4 ,they became insolent1 and unwisely showed their contempt for the religious and social institutions which they aimed to overthrow4 ,their ambition was fatal to them4 ,their projects were divined and prevented4 ,rome1 more intolerant of heresy than of vice and crime1 came to fear the ,order1 and fear is always cruel4 ,it has always deemed philosophical truth the most dangerous of heresies1 and has never been at a loss for a false accusation1 by means of which to crush free thought4 ,pope ,clement ,v4 and ,king ,philip le ,bel gave the signal to ,europe1 and the ,templars1 taken as it were in an immense net1 were arrested1 disarmed1 and cast into prison4 ,never was a ,coup d'tat accomplished with a more formidable concert of action4 ,the whole world was struck with stupor1 and eagerly waited for the strange revelations of a process that was to echo through so many ages4 ,it was impossible to unfold to the people the conspiracy of the ,templars against the ,thrones and the ,tiara4 ,it was impossible to expose to them the doctrines of the ,chiefs of the ,order4 ,this would have been to initiate the multitude into the secrets of the ,masters1 and to have uplifted the veil of ,isis4 ,recourse was therefore had to the charge of magic1 and denouncers and false witnesses were easily found4 ,when the temporal and spiritual tyrannies unite to crush a victim they never want for serviceable instruments4 ,the ,templars were gravely accused of spitting upon ,christ and denying ,god at their receptions1 of gross obscenities1 conversations with female devils1 and the worship of a monstrous idol4 ,the end of the drama is well known1 and how ,jacques de ,molai and his fellows perished in the flames4 ,but before his execution1 the ,chief of the doomed ,order organized and instituted what afterward came to be called the ,occult1 ,hermetic1 or ,scottish ,masonry4 ,in the gloom of his prison1 the ,grand ,master created four ,metropolitan ,lodges1 at ,naples for the ,east1 at ,edinburg for the ,west1 at ,stockholm for the ,north1 and at ,paris for the ,south4 ,the initials of his name1 ,j4'4 ,b4'4 ,m4'4 found in the same order in the first three ,degrees1 are but one of the many internal and cogent proofs that such was the origin of modern ,free-,masonry4 ,the legend of ,osiris was revived and adopted1 to symbolize the destruction of the ,order1 and the resurrection of ,khrm1 slain in the body of the ,temple1 of ,,kh,r,m ,,abai1 the ,master1 as the martyr of fidelity to obligation1 of ,truth and ,conscience1 prophesied the restoration to life of the buried association4 ,the ,pope and the ,king soon after perished in a strange and sudden manner4 ,squin de ,florian1 the chief denouncer of the ,order1 died assassinated4 ,in breaking the sword of the ,templars1 they made of it a poniard2 and their proscribed trowels thenceforward built only tombs4 ,the ,order disappeared at once4 ,its estates and wealth were confiscated1 and it seemed to have ceased to exist4 ,nevertheless it lived1 under other names and governed by unknown ,chiefs1 revealing itself only to those1 who1 in passing through a series of ,degrees1 had proven themselves worthy to be entrusted with the dangerous ,secret4 ,the modern ,orders that style themselves ,templars have assumed a name to which they have not the shadow of a title4 ,the ,successors of the ,ancient ,adepts ,rose-,croix1 abandoning by degrees the austere and hierarchial ,science of their ,ancestors in initiation1 became a ,mystic ,sect1 united with many of the ,templars1 the dogmas of the two intermingling1 and believed themselves to be the sole depositaries of the secrets of the ,gospel of ,st4 ,john1 seeing in its recitals an allegorical series of rites proper to complete the initiation4 ,the ,initiates1 in fact1 thought in the eighteenth century that their time had arrived1 some to found a new ,hierarchy1 others to overturn all authority1 and to press down all the summits of the ,social ,order under the level of ,equality4 ,the mystical meanings of the ,rose as a ,symbol are to be looked for in the ,kabalistic ,commentaries on the ,canticles4 ,the ,rose was for the ,initiates the living and blooming symbol of the revelation of the harmonies of being4 ,it was the emblem of beauty1 life1 love1 and pleasure4 ,flamel1 or the ,book of the ,jew ,abraham1 made it the hieroglyphical sign of the accomplishment of the great ,work4 ,such is the key of the ,roman de la ,rose4 ,the ,conquest of the ,rose was the problem propounded to ,science by ,initiation1 while ,religion was laboring to prepare and establish the universal triumph1 exclusive and definitive1 of the ,cross4 ,to unite the ,rose to the ,cross1 was the problem proposed by the ,high ,initiation2 and in fact the ,occult philosophy being the ,universal ,synthesis1 ought to explain all the phenomena of ,being4 ,religion1 considered solely as a physiological fact1 is the revelation and satisfaction of a necessity of souls4 ,its existence is a scientific fact2 to deny it1 would be to deny humanity itself4 ,the ,rose-,croix ,adepts respected the dominant1 hierarchical1 and revealed religion4 ,consequently they could no more be the enemies of the ,papacy than of legitimate ,monarchy2 and if they conspired against the ,popes and ,kings1 it was because they considered them personally as apostates from duty and supreme favorers of anarchy4 ,what1 in fact1 is a despot1 spiritual or temporal1 but a crowned anarchist8 ,one of the magnificent pantacles that express the esoteric and unutterable part of ,science1 is a ,rose of ,light1 in the centre of which a human form extends its arms in the form of a cross4 ,commentaries and studies have been multiplied upon the ,divine ,comedy1 the work of ,,dante1 and yet no one1 so far as we know1 has pointed out its especial character4 ,the work of the great ,ghibellin is a declaration of war against the ,papacy1 by bold revelations of the ,mysteries4 ,the ,epic of ,dante is ,johannite and ,gnostic1 an audacious application1 like that of the ,apocalypse1 of the figures and numbers of the ,kabalah to the ,christian dogmas1 and a secret negation of every thing absolute in these dogmas4 ,his ,journey through the supernatural worlds is accomplished like the initiation into the ,mysteries of ,eleusis and ,thebes4 ,he escapes from that gulf of ,hell over the gate of which the sentence of despair was written1 by reversing the positions of his head and feet1 that is to say1 by accepting the direct opposite of the ,catholic dogma3 and then he reascends to the light1 by using the ,devil himself as a monstrous ladder4 ,faust ascends to ,heaven1 by stepping on the head of the vanquished ,mephistopheles4 ,hell is impassable for those only who know not how to turn back from it4 ,we free ourselves from its bondage by audacity4 ,his ,hell is but a negative ,purgatory4 ,his ,heaven is composed of a series of ,kabalistic circles1 divided by a cross1 like the ,pantacle of ,ezekiel4 ,in the centre of this cross blooms a rose1 and we see the symbol of the ,adepts of the ,rose-,croix for the first time publicly expounded and almost categorically explained4 ,for the first time1 because ,guillaume de ,lorris1 who died in #abfj1 five years before the birth of ,alighieri1 had not completed his ,roman de la ,rose1 which was continued by ,chopinel1 a half century afterward4 ,one is astonished to discover that the ,roman de la ,rose and the ,divina ,commedia are two opposite forms of one and the same work1 initiation into independence of spirit1 a satire on all contemporary institutions1 and the allegorical formula of the great ,secrets of the ,society of the ,roses-,croix4 ,the important manifestations of ,occultism coincide with the period of the fall of the ,templars2 since ,jean de ,meung or ,chopinel1 contemporary of the old age of ,dante1 flourished during the best years of his life at the ,court of ,philippe le ,bel4 ,the ,roman de la ,rose is the ,epic of old ,france4 ,it is a profound book1 under the form of levity1 a revelation as learned as that of ,apuleius1 of the ,mysteries of ,occultism4 ,the ,rose of ,flamel1 that of ,jean de ,meung1 and that of ,dante1 grew on the same stem4 ,swedenborg's system was nothing else than the ,kabalah1 minus the principle of the ,hierarchy4 ,it is the ,temple1 without the keystone and the foundation4 ,cagliostro was the ,agent of the ,templars1 and therefore wrote to the ,free-,masons of ,london that the time had come to begin the work of re-building the ,temple of the ,eternal4 ,he had introduced into ,masonry a new ,rite called the ,egyptian1 and endeavored to resuscitate the mysterious worship of ,isis4 ,the three letters ,l4 ,p4 ,d4 on his seal1 were the initials of the words ,lilia pedibus destrue2 tread under foot the ,lilies of ,france1 and a ,masonic medal of the sixteenth or seventeenth century has upon it a sword cutting off the stalk of a lily1 and the words talem dabit ultio messem1 such harvest revenge will give4 ,a ,lodge inaugurated under the auspices of ,rousseau1 the fanatic of ,geneva1 became the centre of the revolutionary movement in ,france1 and a ,prince of the blood-royal went thither to swear the destruction of the successors of ,philippe le ,bel on the tomb of ,jacques de ,molai4 ,the registers of the ,order of ,templars attest that the ,regent1 the ,duc d' ,orleans1 was ,grand ,master of that formidable ,secret ,society1 and that his successors were the ,duc de ,maine1 the ,prince of ,bourbon-,cond1 and the ,duc de ,coss-,brissac4 ,the ,templars compromitted the ,king2 they saved him from the rage of the ,people1 to exasperate that rage and bring on the catastrophe prepared for centuries2 it was a scaffold that the vengeance of the ,templars demanded4 ,the secret movers of the ,french ,revolution had sworn to overturn the ,throne and the ,altar upon the ,tomb of ,jacques de ,molai4 ,when ,louis ,,xvi4 was executed1 half the work was done2 and thenceforward the ,army of the ,temple was to direct all its efforts against the ,pope4 ,jacques de ,molai and his companions were perhaps martyrs1 but their avengers dishonored their memory4 ,royalty was regenerated on the scaffold of ,louis ,,xvi41 the ,church triumphed in the captivity of ,pius ,,vi41 carried a prisoner to ,valence1 and dying of fatigue and sorrow1 but the successors of the ,ancient ,knights of the ,temple perished1 overwhelmed in their fatal victory4 ,,morals ,,and ,,dogma4 ,,consistory4 ,illustration ,,xxxi4 ,,grand ,,inspector ,,inquisitor ,,commander4 ,inspector ,inquisitor4 ,to hear patiently1 to weigh deliberately and dispassionately1 and to decide impartially2--these are the chief duties of a ,judge4 ,after the lessons you have received1 ,i need not further enlarge upon them4 ,you will be ever eloquently reminded of them by the furniture upon our ,altar1 and the decorations of the ,tribunal4 ,the ,holy ,bible will remind you of your obligation2 and that as you judge here below1 so you will be yourself judged hereafter1 by ,one who has not to submit1 like an earthly judge1 to the sad necessity of inferring the motives1 intentions1 and purposes of men of which all crime essentially consists from the uncertain and often unsafe testimony of their acts and words2 as men in thick darkness grope their way1 with hands outstretched before them3 but before ,whom every thought1 feeling1 impulse1 and intention of every soul that now is1 or ever was1 or ever will be on earth1 is1 and ever will be through the whole infinite duration of eternity1 present and visible4 ,the ,square and ,compass1 the ,plumb and ,level1 are well known to you as a ,mason4 ,upon you as a ,judge1 they peculiarly inculcate uprightness1 impartiality1 careful consideration of facts and circumstances1 accuracy in judgment1 and uniformity in decision4 ,as a ,judge1 too1 you are to bring up square work and square work only4 ,like a temple erected by the plumb1 you are to lean neither to one side nor the other4 ,like a building well squared and levelled1 you are to be firm and steadfast in your convictions of right and justice4 ,like the circle swept with the compasses1 you are to be true4 ,in the scales of justice you are to weigh the facts and the law alone1 nor place in either scale personal friendship or personal dislike1 neither fear nor favor3 and when reformation is no longer to be hoped for1 you are to smite relentlessly with the sword of justice4 ,the peculiar and principal symbol of this ,degree is the ,tetractys of ,pythagoras1 suspended in the ,east1 where ordinarily the sacred word or letter glitters1 like it1 representing the ,deity4 ,its nine external points form the triangle1 the chief symbol in ,masonry1 with many of the meanings of which you are familiar4 ,to us1 its three sides represent the three principal attributes of the ,deity1 which created1 and now1 as ever1 support1 uphold1 and guide the ,universe in its eternal movement2 the three supports of the ,masonic ,temple1 itself an emblem of the ,universe3--,wisdom1 or the ,infinite ,divine ,intelligence2 ,strength1 or ,power1 the ,infinite ,divine ,will2 and ,beauty1 or the ,infinite ,divine ,harmony1 the ,eternal ,law1 by virtue of which the infinite myriads of suns and worlds flash ever onward in their ceaseless revolutions1 without clash or conflict1 in the ,infinite of space1 and change and movement are the law of all created existences4 ,to us1 as ,masonic ,judges1 the triangle figures forth the ,pyramids1 which1 planted firmly as the everlasting hills1 and accurately adjusted to the four cardinal points1 defiant of all assaults of men and time1 teach us to stand firm and unshaken as they1 when our feet are planted upon the solid truth4 ,it includes a multitude of geometrical figures1 all having a deep significance to ,masons4 ,the triple triangle is peculiarly sacred1 having ever been among all nations a symbol of the ,deity4 ,prolonging all the external lines of the ,hexagon1 which also it includes1 we have six smaller triangles1 whose bases cut each other in the central point of the ,tetractys1 itself always the symbol of the generative power of the ,universe1 the ,sun1 ,brahma1 ,osiris1 ,apollo1 ,bel1 and the ,deity ,himself4 ,thus1 too1 we form twelve still smaller triangles1 three times three of which compose the ,tetractys itself4 ,i refrain from enumerating all the figures that you may trace within it3 but one may not be passed unnoticed4 ,the ,hexagon itself faintly images to us a cube1 not visible at the first glance1 and therefore the fit emblem of that faith in things invisible1 most essential to salvation4 ,the first perfect solid1 and reminding you of the cubical stone that sweated blood1 and of that deposited by ,enoch1 it teaches justice1 accuracy1 and consistency4 ,the infinite divisibility of the triangle teaches the infinity of the ,universe1 of time1 of space1 and of the ,deity1 as do the lines that1 diverging from the common centre1 ever increase their distance from each other as they are infinitely prolonged4 ,as they may be infinite in number1 so are the attributes of ,deity infinite2 and as they emanate from one centre and are projected into space1 so the whole ,universe has emanated from ,god4 ,remember also1 my ,brother1 that you have other duties to perform than those of a judge4 ,you are to inquire into and scrutinize carefully the work of the subordinate ,bodies in ,masonry4 ,you are to see that recipients of the higher ,degrees are not unnecessarily multiplied2 that improper persons are carefully excluded from membership1 and that in their life and conversation ,masons bear testimony to the excellence of our doctrines and the incalculable value of the institution itself4 ,you are to inquire also into your own heart and conduct1 and keep careful watch over yourself1 that you go not astray4 ,if you harbor ill-will and jealousy1 if you are hospitable to intolerance and bigotry1 and churlish to gentleness and kind affections1 opening wide your heart to one and closing its portals to the other1 it is time for you to set in order your own temple1 or else you wear in vain the name and insignia of a ,mason1 while yet uninvested with the ,masonic nature4 ,everywhere in the world there is a natural law1 that is1 a constant mode of action1 which seems to belong to the nature of things1 to the constitution of the ,universe4 ,this fact is universal4 ,in different departments we call this mode of action by different names1 as the law of ,matter1 the law of ,mind1 the law of ,morals1 and the like4 ,we mean by this1 a certain mode of action which belongs to the material1 mental1 or moral forces1 the mode in which commonly they are found to act1 and in which it is their ideal to act always4 ,the ideal laws of matter we know only from the fact that they are always obeyed4 ,to us the actual obedience is the only evidence of the ideal rule2 for in respect to the conduct of the material world1 the ideal and the actual are the same4 ,the laws of matter we learn only by observation and experience4 ,before experience of the fact1 no man could foretell that a body1 falling toward the earth1 would descend sixteen feet the first second1 twice that the next1 four times the third1 and sixteen times the fourth4 ,no mode of action in our consciousness anticipates this rule of action in the outer world4 ,the same is true of all the laws of matter4 ,the ideal law is known because it is a fact4 ,the law is imperative4 ,it must be obeyed without hesitation4 ,laws of crystallization1 laws of proportion in chemical combination1--neither in these nor in any other law of ,nature is there any margin left for oscillation of disobedience4 ,only the primal will of ,god works in the material world1 and no secondary finite will4 ,there are no exceptions to the great general law of ,attraction1 which binds atom to atom in the body of a rotifier visible only by aid of a microscope1 orb to orb1 system to system2 gives unity to the world of things1 and rounds these worlds of systems to a ,universe4 ,at first there seem to be exceptions to this law1 as in growth and decomposition1 in the repulsions of electricity2 but at length all these are found to be special cases of the one great law of attraction acting in various modes4 ,the variety of effect of this law at first surprises the senses2 but in the end the unity of cause astonishes the cultivated mind4 ,looked at in reference to this globe1 an earthquake is no more than a chink that opens in a garden-walk of a dry day in ,summer4 ,a sponge is porous1 having small spaces between the solid parts3 the solar system is only more porous1 having larger room between the several orbs3 the ,universe yet more so1 with spaces between the systems1 as small1 compared with infinite space1 as those between the atoms that compose the bulk of the smallest invisible animalcule1 of which millions swim in a drop of salt-water4 ,the same attraction holds together the animalcule1 the sponge1 the system1 and the ,universe4 ,every particle of matter in that ,universe is related to each and all the other particles2 and attraction is their common bond4 ,in the spiritual world1 the world of human consciousness1 there is also a law1 an ideal mode of action for the spiritual forces of man4 ,the law of ,justice is as universal an one as the law of ,attraction2 though we are very far from being able to reconcile all the phenomena of ,nature with it4 ,the lark has the same right1 in our view1 to live1 to sing1 to dart at pleasure through the ambient atmosphere1 as the hawk has to ply his strong wings in the ,summer sunshine3 and yet the hawk pounces on and devours the harmless lark1 as it devours the worm1 and as the worm devours the animalcule2 and1 so far as we know1 there is nowhere1 in any future state of animal existence1 any compensation for this apparent injustice4 ,among the bees1 one rules1 while the others obey--some work1 while others are idle4 ,with the small ants1 the soldiers feed on the proceeds of the workmen's labor4 ,the lion lies in wait for and devours the antelope that has apparently as good a right to life as he4 ,among men1 some govern and others serve1 capital commands and labor obeys1 and one race1 superior in intellect1 avails itself of the strong muscles of another that is inferior2 and yet1 for all this1 no one impeaches the justice of ,god4 ,no doubt all these varied phenomena are consistent with one great law of justice2 and the only difficulty is that we do not1 and no doubt we cannot1 understand that law4 ,it is very easy for some dreaming and visionary theorist to say that it is most evidently unjust for the lion to devour the deer1 and for the eagle to tear and eat the wren2 but the trouble is1 that we know of no other way1 according to the frame1 the constitution1 and the organs which ,god has given them1 in which the lion and the eagle could manage to live at all4 ,our little measure of justice is not ,god's measure4 ,his justice does not require us to relieve the hard-working millions of all labor1 to emancipate the serf or slave1 unfitted to be free1 from all control4 ,no doubt1 underneath all the little bubbles1 which are the lives1 the wishes1 the wills1 and the plans of the two thousand millions or more of human beings on this earth 7for bubbles they are1 judging by the space and time they occupy in this great and age-out-lasting sea of human-kind71--no doubt1 underneath them all resides one and the same eternal force1 which they shape into this or the other special form2 and over all the same paternal ,providence presides1 keeping eternal watch over the little and the great1 and producing variety of effect from ,unity of ,force4 ,it is entirely true to say that justice is the constitution or fundamental law of the moral ,universe1 the law of right1 a rule of conduct for man 7as it is for every other living creature71 in all his moral relations4 ,no doubt all human affairs 7like all other affairs71 must be subject to that as the law paramount2 and what is right agrees therewith and stands1 while what is wrong conflicts with it and falls4 ,the difficulty is that we ever erect our notions of what is right and just into the law of justice1 and insist that ,god shall adopt that as ,his law2 instead of striving to learn by observation and reflection what ,his law is1 and then believing that law to be consistent with ,his infinite justice1 whether it corresponds with our limited notion of justice1 or does not so correspond4 ,we are too wise in our own conceit1 and ever strive to enact our own little notions into the ,universal ,laws of ,god4 ,it might be difficult for man to prove1 even to his own satisfaction1 how it is right or just for him to subjugate the horse and ox to his service1 giving them in return only their daily food1 which ,god has spread out for them on all the green meadows and savannas of the world3 or how it is just that we should slay and eat the harmless deer that only crops the green herbage1 the buds1 and the young leaves1 and drinks the free-running water that ,god made common to all2 or the gentle dove1 the innocent kid1 the many other living things that so confidently trust to our protection2--quite as difficult1 perhaps1 as to prove it just for one man's intellect or even his wealth to make another's strong arms his servants1 for daily wages or for a bare subsistence4 ,to find out this universal law of justice is one thing--to undertake to measure off something with our own little tape-line1 and call that ,god's law of justice1 is another4 ,the great general plan and system1 and the great general laws enacted by ,god1 continually produce what to our limited notions is wrong and injustice1 which hitherto men have been able to explain to their own satisfaction only by the hypothesis of another existence in which all inequalities and injustices in this life will be remedied and compensated for4 ,to our ideas of justice1 it is very unjust that the child is made miserable for life by deformity or organic disease1 in consequence of the vices of its father2 and yet that is part of the universal law4 ,the ancients said that the child was punished for the sins of its father4 ,we say that this its deformity or disease is the consequence of its father's vices2 but so far as concerns the question of justice or injustice1 that is merely the change of a word4 ,it is very easy to lay down a broad1 general principle1 embodying our own idea of what is absolute justice1 and to insist that everything shall conform to that3 to say1 all human affairs must be subject to that as the law paramount2 what is right agrees therewith and stands1 what is wrong conflicts and falls4 ,private cohesions of self-love1 of friendship1 or of patriotism1 must all be subordinate to this universal gravitation toward the eternal right4 ,the difficulty is that this ,universe of necessities ,god-created1 of sequences of cause and effect1 and of life evolved from death1 this interminable succession and aggregate of cruelties1 will not conform to any such absolute principle or arbitrary theory1 no matter in what sounding words and glittering phrases it may be embodied4 ,impracticable rules in morals are always injurious2 for as all men fall short of compliance with them1 they turn real virtues into imaginary offences against a forged law4 ,justice as between man and man and as between man and the animals below him1 is that which1 under and according to the ,god-created relations existing between them1 and the whole aggregate of circumstances surrounding them1 is fit and right and proper to be done1 with a view to the general as well as to the individual interest4 ,it is not a theoretical principle by which the very relations that ,god has created and imposed on us are to be tried1 and approved or condemned4 ,god has made this great system of the ,universe1 and enacted general laws for its government4 ,those laws environ everything that lives with a mighty network of necessity4 ,he chose to create the tiger with such organs that he cannot crop the grass1 but must eat other flesh or starve4 ,he has made man carnivorous also2 and some of the smallest birds are as much so as the tiger4 ,in every step we take1 in every breath we draw1 is involved the destruction of a multitude of animate existences1 each1 no matter how minute1 as much a living creature as ourself4 ,he has made necessary among mankind a division of labor1 intellectual and moral4 ,he has made necessary the varied relations of society and dependence1 of obedience and control4 ,what is thus made necessary cannot be unjust2 for if it be1 then ,god the great ,lawgiver is ,himself unjust4 ,the evil to be avoided is1 the legalization of injustice and wrong under the false plea of necessity4 ,out of all the relations of life grow duties1--as naturally grow and as undeniably1 as the leaves grow upon the trees4 ,if we have the right1 created by ,god's law of necessity1 to slay the lamb that we may eat and live1 we have no right to torture it in doing so1 because that is in no wise necessary4 ,we have the right to live1 if we fairly can1 by the legitimate exercise of our intellect1 and hire or buy the labor of the strong arms of others1 to till our grounds1 to dig in our mines1 to toil in our manufactories2 but we have no right to overwork or underpay them4 ,it is not only true that we may learn the moral law of justice1 the law of right1 by experience and observation2 but that ,god has given us a moral faculty1 our conscience1 which is able to perceive this law directly and immediately1 by intuitive perception of it2 and it is true that man has in his nature a rule of conduct higher than what he has ever yet come up to1--an ideal of nature that shames his actual of history3 because man has ever been prone to make necessity1 his own necessity1 the necessities of society1 a plea for injustice4 ,but this notion must not be pushed too far--for if we substitute this ideality for actuality1 then it is equally true that we have within us an ideal rule of right and wrong1 to which ,god ,himself in ,his government of the world has never come1 and against which ,he 7we say it reverentially7 every day offends4 ,we detest the tiger and the wolf for the rapacity and love of blood which are their nature2 we revolt against the law by which the crooked limbs and diseased organism of the child are the fruits of the father's vices2 we even think that a ,god ,omnipotent and ,omniscient ought to have permitted no pain1 no poverty1 no servitude2 our ideal of justice is more lofty than the actualities of ,god4 ,it is well1 as all else is well4 ,he has given us that moral sense for wise and beneficent purposes4 ,we accept it as a significant proof of the inherent loftiness of human nature1 that it can entertain an ideal so exalted2 and should strive to attain it1 as far as we can do so consistently with the relations which ,he has created1 and the circumstances which surround us and hold us captive4 ,if we faithfully use this faculty of conscience2 if1 applying it to the existing relations and circumstances1 we develop it and all its kindred powers1 and so deduce the duties that out of these relations and those circumstances1 and limited and qualified by them1 arise and become obligatory upon us1 then we learn justice1 the law of right1 the divine rule of conduct for human life4 ,but if we undertake to define and settle the mode of action that belongs to the infinitely perfect nature of ,god1 and so set up any ideal rule1 beyond all human reach1 we soon come to judge and condemn ,his work and the relations which it has pleased ,him in ,his infinite wisdom to create4 ,a sense of justice belongs to human nature1 and is a part of it4 ,men find a deep1 permanent1 and instinctive delight in justice1 not only in the outward effects1 but in the inward cause1 and by their nature love this law of right1 this reasonable rule of conduct1 this justice1 with a deep and abiding love4 ,justice is the object of the conscience1 and fits it as light fits the eye and truth the mind4 ,justice keeps just relations between men4 ,it holds the balance between nation and nation1 between a man and his family1 tribe1 nation1 and race1 so that his absolute rights and theirs do not interfere1 nor their ultimate interests ever clash1 nor the eternal interests of the one prove antagonistic to those of all or of any other one4 ,this we must believe1 if we believe that ,god is just4 ,we must do justice to all1 and demand it of all2 it is a universal human debt1 a universal human claim4 ,but we may err greatly in defining what that justice is4 ,the temporary interests1 and what to human view are the rights1 of men1 do often interfere and clash4 ,the life-interests of the individual often conflict with the permanent interests and welfare of society2 and what may seem to be the natural rights of one class or race1 with those of another4 ,it is not true to say that one man1 however little1 must not be sacrificed to another1 however great1 to a majority1 or to all men4 ,that is not only a fallacy1 but a most dangerous one4 ,often one man and many men must be sacrificed1 in the ordinary sense of the term1 to the interest of the many4 ,it is a comfortable fallacy to the selfish2 for if they cannot1 by the law of justice1 be sacrificed for the common good1 then their country has no right to demand of them self-sacrifice2 and he is a fool who lays down his life1 or sacrifices his estate1 or even his luxuries1 to insure the safety or prosperity of his country4 ,according to that doctrine1 ,curtius was a fool1 and ,leonidas an idiot2 and to die for one's country is no longer beautiful and glorious1 but a mere absurdity4 ,then it is no longer to be asked that the common soldier shall receive in his bosom the sword or bayonet-thrust which otherwise would let out the life of the great commander on whose fate hang the liberties of his country1 and the welfare of millions yet unborn4 ,on the contrary1 it is certain that necessity rules in all the affairs of men1 and that the interest and even the life of one man must often be sacrificed to the interest and welfare of his country4 ,some must ever lead the forlorn hope3 the missionary must go among savages1 bearing his life in his hand2 the physician must expose himself to pestilence for the sake of others2 the sailor1 in the frail boat upon the wide ocean1 escaped from the foundering or burning ship1 must step calmly into the hungry waters1 if the lives of the passengers can be saved only by the sacrifice of his own2 the pilot must stand firm at the wheel1 and let the flames scorch away his own life to insure the common safety of those whom the doomed vessel bears4 ,the mass of men are always looking for what is just4 ,all the vast machinery which makes up a ,state1 a world of ,states1 is1 on the part of the people1 an attempt to organize1 not that ideal justice which finds fault with ,god's ordinances1 but that practical justice which may be attained in the actual organization of the world4 ,the minute and wide-extending civil machinery which makes up the law and the courts1 with all their officers and implements1 on the part of mankind1 is chiefly an effort to reduce to practice the theory of right4 ,constitutions are made to establish justice2 the decisions of courts are reported to help us judge more wisely in time to come4 ,the nation aims to get together the most nearly just men in the ,state1 that they may incorporate into statutes their aggregate sense of what is right4 ,the people wish law to be embodied justice1 administered without passion4 ,even in the wildest ages there has been a wild popular justice1 but always mixed with passion and administered in hate2 for justice takes a rude form with rude men1 and becomes less mixed with hate and passion in more civilized communities4 ,every progressive ,state revises its statutes and revolutionizes its constitution from time to time1 seeking to come closer to the utmost possible practical justice and right2 and sometimes1 following theorists and dreamers in their adoration for the ideal1 by erecting into law positive principles of theoretical right1 works practical injustice1 and then has to retrace its steps4 ,in literature men always look for practical justice1 and desire that virtue should have its own reward1 and vice its appropriate punishment4 ,they are ever on the side of justice and humanity2 and the majority of them have an ideal justice1 better than the things about them1 juster than the law3 for the law is ever imperfect1 not attaining even to the utmost practicable degree of perfection2 and no man is as just as his own idea of possible and practicable justice4 ,his passions and his necessities ever cause him to sink below his own ideal4 ,the ideal justice which men ever look up to and strive to rise toward1 is true2 but it will not be realized in this world4 ,yet we must approach as near to it as practicable1 as we should do toward that ideal democracy that now floats before the eyes of earnest and religious men1--fairer than the ,republic of ,plato1 or ,more's ,utopia1 or the ,golden ,age of fabled memory1 only taking care that we do not1 in striving to reach and ascend to the impossible ideal1 neglect to seize upon and hold fast to the possible actual4 ,to aim at the best1 but be content with the best possible1 is the only true wisdom4 ,to insist on the absolute right1 and throw out of the calculation the important and all-controlling element of necessity1 is the folly of a mere dreamer4 ,in a world inhabited by men with bodies1 and necessarily with bodily wants and animal passions1 the time will never come when there will be no want1 no oppression1 nor servitude1 no fear of man1 no fear of ,god1 but only ,love4 ,that can never be while there are inferior intellect1 indulgence in low vice1 improvidence1 indolence1 awful visitations of pestilence and war and famine1 earthquake and volcano1 that must of necessity cause men to want1 and serve1 and suffer1 and fear4 ,but still the ploughshare of justice is ever drawn through and through the field of the world1 uprooting the savage plants4 ,ever we see a continual and progressive triumph of the right4 ,the injustice of ,england lost her ,america1 the fairest jewel of her crown4 ,the injustice of ,napoleon bore him to the ground more than the snows of ,russia did1 and exiled him to a barren rock1 there to pine away and die1 his life a warning to bid mankind be just4 ,we intuitively understand what justice is1 better than we can depict it4 ,what it is in a given case depends so much on circumstances1 that definitions of it are wholly deceitful4 ,often it would be unjust to society to do what would1 in the absence of that consideration1 be pronounced just to the individual4 ,general propositions of man's right to this or that are ever fallacious3 and not infrequently it would be most unjust to the individual himself to do for him what the theorist1 as a general proposition1 would say was right and his due4 ,we should ever do unto others what1 under the same circumstances1 we ought to wish1 and should have the right to wish they should do unto us4 ,there are many cases1 cases constantly occurring1 where one man must take care of himself1 in preference to another1 as where two struggle for the possession of a plank that will save one1 but cannot uphold both2 or where1 assailed1 he can save his own life only by slaying his adversary4 ,so one must prefer the safety of his country to the lives of her enemies2 and sometimes1 to insure it1 to those of her own innocent citizens4 ,the retreating general may cut away a bridge behind him1 to delay pursuit and save the main body of his army1 though he thereby surrenders a detachment1 a battalion1 or even a corps of his own force to certain destruction4 ,these are not departures from justice2 though1 like other instances where the injury or death of the individual is the safety of the many1 where the interest of one individual1 class1 or race is postponed to that of the public1 or of the superior race1 they may infringe some dreamer's ideal rule of justice4 ,but every departure from real1 practical justice is no doubt attended with loss to the unjust man1 though the loss is not reported to the public4 ,injustice1 public or private1 like every other sin and wrong1 is inevitably followed by its consequences4 ,the selfish1 the grasping1 the inhuman1 the fraudulently unjust1 the ungenerous employer1 and the cruel master1 are detested by the great popular heart2 while the kind master1 the liberal employer1 the generous1 the humane1 and the just have the good opinion of all men1 and even envy is a tribute to their virtues4 ,men honor all who stand up for truth and right1 and never shrink4 ,the world builds monuments to its patriots4 ,four great statesmen1 organizers of the right1 embalmed in stone1 look down upon the lawgivers of ,france as they pass to their hall of legislation1 silent orators to tell how nations love the just4 ,how we revere the marble lineaments of those just judges1 ,jay and ,marshall1 that look so calmly toward the living ,bench of the ,supreme ,court of the ,united ,states6 ,what a monument ,washington has built in the heart of ,america and all the world1 not because he dreamed of an impracticable ideal justice1 but by his constant effort to be practically just6 ,but necessity alone1 and the greatest good of the greatest number1 can legitimately interfere with the dominion of absolute and ideal justice4 ,government should not foster the strong at the expense of the weak1 nor protect the capitalist and tax the laborer4 ,the powerful should not seek a monopoly of development and enjoyment2 not prudence only and the expedient for to-day should be appealed to by statesmen1 but conscience and the right3 justice should not be forgotten in looking at interest1 nor political morality neglected for political economy3 we should not have national housekeeping instead of national organization on the basis of right4 ,we may well differ as to the abstract right of many things2 for every such question has many sides1 and few men look at all of them1 many only at one4 ,but we all readily recognize cruelty1 unfairness1 inhumanity1 partiality1 over-reaching1 hard-dealing1 by their ugly and familiar lineaments1 and in order to know and to hate and despise them1 we do not need to sit as a ,court of ,errors and ,appeals to revise and reverse ,god's ,providences4 ,there are certainly great evils of civilization at this day1 and many questions of humanity long adjourned and put off4 ,the hideous aspect of pauperism1 the debasement and vice in our cities1 tell us by their eloquent silence or in inarticulate mutterings1 that the rich and the powerful and the intellectual do not do their duty by the poor1 the feeble1 and the ignorant2 and every wretched woman who lives1 ,heaven scarce knows how1 by making shirts at sixpence each1 attests the injustice and inhumanity of man4 ,there are cruelties to slaves1 and worse cruelties to animals1 each disgraceful to their perpetrators1 and equally unwarranted by the lawful relation of control and dependence which it has pleased ,god to create4 ,a sentence is written against all that is unjust1 written by ,god in the nature of man and in the nature of the ,universe1 because it is in the nature of the ,infinite ,god4 ,fidelity to your faculties1 trust in their convictions1 that is justice to yourself2 a life in obedience thereto1 that is justice toward men4 ,no wrong is really successful4 ,the gain of injustice is a loss1 its pleasure suffering4 ,iniquity often seems to prosper1 but its success is its defeat and shame4 ,after a long while1 the day of reckoning ever comes1 to nation as to individual4 ,the knave deceives himself4 ,the miser1 starving his brother's body1 starves also his own soul1 and at death shall creep out of his great estate of injustice1 poor and naked and miserable4 ,whoso escapes a duty avoids a gain4 ,outward judgment often fails1 inward justice never4 ,let a man try to love the wrong and to do the wrong1 it is eating stones and not bread1 the swift feet of justice are upon him1 following with woolen tread1 and her iron hands are round his neck4 ,no man can escape from this1 any more than from himself4 ,justice is the angel of ,god that flies from ,east to ,west2 and where she stoops her broad wings1 it is to bring the counsel of ,god1 and feed mankind with angel's bread4 ,we cannot understand the moral ,universe4 ,the arc is a long one1 and our eyes reach but a little way2 we cannot calculate the curve and complete the figure by the experience of sight2 but we can divine it by conscience1 and we surely know that it bends toward justice4 ,justice will not fail1 though wickedness appears strong1 and has on its side the armies and thrones of power1 the riches and the glory of the world1 and though poor men crouch down in despair4 ,justice will not fail and perish out from the world of men1 nor will what is really wrong and contrary to ,god's real law of justice continually endure4 ,the ,power1 the ,wisdom1 and the ,justice of ,god are on the side of every just thought1 and it cannot fail1 any more than ,god ,himself can perish4 ,in human affairs1 the justice of ,god must work by human means4 ,men are the instruments of ,god's principles2 our morality is the instrument of ,his justice1 which1 incomprehensible to us1 seems to our short vision often to work injustice1 but will at some time still the oppressor's brutal laugh4 ,justice is the rule of conduct written in the nature of mankind4 ,we may1 in our daily life1 in house or field or shop1 in the office or in the court1 help to prepare the way for the commonwealth of justice which is slowly1 but1 we would fain hope1 surely approaching4 ,all the justice we mature will bless us here and hereafter1 and at our death we shall leave it added to the common store of human-kind4 ,and every ,mason who1 content to do that which is possible and practicable1 does and enforces justice1 may help deepen the channel of human morality in which ,god's justice runs2 and so the wrecks of evil that now check and obstruct the stream may the sooner be swept out and borne away by the resistless tide of ,omnipotent ,right4 ,let us1 my ,brother1 in this1 as in all else1 endeavor always to perform the duties of a good ,mason and a good man4 ,illustration ,,xxxii4 ,,sublime ,,prince ,,of ,,the ,,royal ,,secret4 ,master of ,royal ,secret4 ,the ,occult ,science of the ,ancient ,magi was concealed under the shadows of the ,ancient ,mysteries3 it was imperfectly revealed or rather disfigured by the ,gnostics3 it is guessed at under the obscurities that cover the pretended crimes of the ,templars2 and it is found enveloped in enigmas that seem impenetrable1 in the ,rites of the ,highest ,masonry4 ,magism was the ,science of ,abraham and ,orpheus1 of ,confucius and ,zoroaster4 ,it was the dogmas of this ,science that were engraven on the tables of stone by ,hanoch and ,trismegistus4 ,moses purified and re-veiled them1 for that is the meaning of the word reveal4 ,he covered them with a new veil1 when he made of the ,holy ,kabalah the exclusive heritage of the people of ,israel1 and the inviolable ,secret of its priests4 ,the ,mysteries of ,thebes and ,eleusis preserved among the nations some symbols of it1 already altered1 and the mysterious key whereof was lost among the instruments of an ever-growing superstition4 ,jerusalem1 the murderess of her prophets1 and so often prostituted to the false gods of the ,syrians and ,babylonians1 had at length in its turn lost the ,holy ,word1 when a ,prophet announced to the ,magi by the consecrated ,star of ,initiation1 came to rend asunder the worn veil of the old ,temple1 in order to give the ,church a new tissue of legends and symbols1 that still and ever conceals from the ,profane1 and ever preserves to the ,elect the same truths4 ,it was the remembrance of this scientific and religious ,absolute1 of this doctrine that is summed up in a word1 of this ,word1 in fine1 alternately lost and found again1 that was transmitted to the ,elect of all the ,ancient ,initiations3 it was this same remembrance1 preserved1 or perhaps profaned in the celebrated ,order of the ,templars1 that became for all the secret associations1 of the ,rose-,croix1 of the ,illuminati1 and of the ,hermetic ,freemasons1 the reason of their strange rites1 of their signs more or less conventional1 and1 above all1 of their mutual devotedness and of their power4 ,the ,gnostics caused the ,gnosis to be proscribed by the ,christians1 and the official ,sanctuary was closed against the high initiation4 ,thus the ,hierarchy of ,knowledge was compromitted by the violences of usurping ignorance1 and the disorders of the ,sanctuary are reproduced in the ,state2 for always1 willingly or unwillingly1 the ,king is sustained by the ,priest1 and it is from the eternal ,sanctuary of the ,divine instruction that the ,powers of the ,earth1 to insure themselves durability1 must receive their consecration and their force4 ,the ,hermetic ,science of the early ,christian ages1 cultivated also by ,geber1 ,alfarabius1 and others of the ,arabs1 studied by the ,chiefs of the ,templars1 and embodied in certain symbols of the higher ,degrees of ,freemasonry1 may be accurately defined as the ,kabalah in active realization1 or the ,magic of ,works4 ,it has three analogous ,degrees1 religious1 philosophical1 and physical realization4 ,its religious realization is the durable foundation of the true ,empire and the true ,priesthood that rule in the realm of human intellect3 its philosophical realization is the establishment of an absolute ,doctrine1 known in all times as the ,,holy ,,doctrine1 and of which ,,plutarch1 in the ,treatise de ,iside et ,osiride1 speaks at large but mysteriously2 and of a ,hierarchical instruction to secure the uninterrupted succession of ,adepts among the ,initiates3 its physical realization is the discovery and application1 in the ,microcosm1 or ,little ,world1 of the creative law that incessantly peoples the great ,universe4 ,measure a corner of the ,creation1 and multiply that space in proportional progression1 and the entire ,infinite will multiply its circles filled with universes1 which will pass in proportional segments between the ideal and elongating branches of your ,compass4 ,now suppose that from any point whatever of the ,infinite above you a hand holds another ,compass or a ,square1 the lines of the ,celestial triangle will necessarily meet those of the ,compass of ,science1 to form the ,mysterious ,star of ,solomon4 ,all hypotheses scientifically probable are the last gleams of the twilight of knowledge1 or its last shadows4 ,faith begins where ,reason sinks exhausted4 ,beyond the human ,reason is the ,divine ,reason1 to our feebleness the great ,absurdity1 the ,infinite ,absurd1 which confounds us and which we believe4 ,for the ,master1 the ,compass of ,faith is above the ,square of ,reason2 but both rest upon the ,holy ,scriptures and combine to form the ,blazing ,star of ,truth4 ,all eyes do not see alike4 ,even the visible creation is not1 for all who look upon it1 of one form and one color4 ,our brain is a book printed within and without1 and the two writings are1 with all men1 more or less confused4 ,the primary tradition of the single revelation has been preserved under the name of the ,kabalah1 by the ,priesthood of ,israel4 ,the ,kabalistic doctrine1 which was also the dogma of the ,magi and of ,hermes1 is contained in the ,sepher ,yetsairah1 the ,sohar1 and the ,talmud4 ,according to that doctrine1 the ,absolute is the ,being1 in which ,the ,word ,is1 the ,word that is the utterance and expression of being and life4 ,magic is that which it is2 it is by itself1 like the mathematics2 for it is the exact and absolute science of ,nature and its laws4 ,magic is the science of the ,ancient ,magi3 and the ,christian religion1 which has imposed silence on the lying oracles1 and put an end to the prestiges of the false ,gods1 itself reveres those ,magi who came from the ,east1 guided by a ,star1 to adore the ,saviour of the world in ,his cradle4 ,tradition also gives these ,magi the title of ,kings2 because initiation into ,magism constitutes a genuine royalty2 and because the grand art of the ,magi is styled by all the ,adepts1 ,the ,royal ,art1 or the ,holy ,realm or ,empire1 ,sanctum ,regnum4 ,the ,star which guided them is that same ,blazing ,star1 the image whereof we find in all initiations4 ,to the ,alchemists it is the sign of the ,quintessence2 to the ,magists1 the ,grand ,arcanum2 to the ,kabalists1 the ,sacred ,pentagram4 ,the study of this ,pentagram could not but lead the ,magi to the knowledge of the ,new ,name which was about to raise itself above all names1 and cause all creatures capable of adoration to bend the knee4 ,magic unites in one and the same science1 whatsoever ,philosophy can possess that is most certain1 and ,religion of the ,infallible and the ,eternal4 ,it perfectly and incontestably reconciles these two terms that at first blush seem so opposed to each other2 faith and reason1 science and creed1 authority and liberty4 ,it supplies the human mind with an instrument of philosophical and religious certainty1 exact as the mathematics1 and accounting for the infallibility of the mathematics themselves4 ,thus there is an ,absolute1 in the matters of the ,intelligence and of ,faith4 ,the ,supreme ,reason has not left the gleams of the human understanding to vacillate at hazard4 ,there is an incontestable verity1 there is an infallible method of knowing this verity1 and by the knowledge of it1 those who accept it as a rule may give their will a sovereign power that will make them the masters of all inferior things and of all errant spirits2 that is to say1 will make them the ,arbiters and ,kings of the ,world4 ,science has its nights and its dawns1 because it gives the intellectual world a life which has its regulated movements and its progressive phases4 ,it is with ,truths1 as with the luminous rays3 nothing of what is concealed is lost2 but also1 nothing of what is discovered is absolutely new4 ,god has been pleased to give to ,science1 which is the reflection of ,his ,glory1 the ,seal of ,his ,eternity4 ,it is not in the books of the ,philosophers1 but in the religious symbolism of the ,ancients1 that we must look for the footprints of ,science1 and re-discover the ,mysteries of ,knowledge4 ,the ,priests of ,egypt knew1 better than we do1 the laws of movement and of life4 ,they knew how to temper or1 intensify action by reaction2 and readily foresaw the realization of these effects1 the causes of which they had determined4 ,the ,columns of ,seth1 ,enoch1 ,solomon1 and ,hercules have symbolized in the ,magian traditions this universal law of the ,equilibrium2 and the ,science of the ,equilibrium or balancing of ,forces had led the ,initiates to that of the universal gravitation around the centres of ,life1 ,heat1 and ,light4 ,thales and ,pythagoras learned in the ,sanctuaries of ,egypt that the ,earth revolved around the ,sun2 but they did not attempt to make this generally known1 because to do so it would have been necessary to reveal one of the great ,secrets of the ,temple1 that double law of attraction and radiation or of sympathy and antipathy1 of fixedness and movement1 which is the principle of ,creation1 and the perpetual cause of life4 ,this ,truth was ridiculed by the ,christian ,lactantius1 as it was long after sought to be proven a falsehood by persecution1 by ,papal ,rome4 ,so the philosophers reasoned1 while the ,priests1 without replying to them or even smiling at their errors1 wrote1 in those ,hieroglyphics that created all dogmas and all poetry1 the ,secrets of the ,truth4 ,when ,truth comes into the world1 the ,star of ,knowledge advises the ,magi of it1 and they hasten to adore the ,infant who creates the ,future4 ,it is by means of the ,intelligence of the ,hierarchy and the practice of obedience1 that one obtains ,initiation4 ,if the ,rulers have the ,divine ,right to govern1 the true ,initiate will cheerfully obey4 ,the orthodox traditions were carried from ,chaldea by ,abraham4 ,they reigned in ,egypt in the time of ,joseph1 together with the knowledge of the ,true ,god4 ,moses carried ,orthodoxy out of ,egypt1 and in the ,secret ,traditions of the ,kabalah we find a ,theology entire1 perfect1 unique1 like that which in ,christianity is most grand and best explained by the ,fathers and the ,doctors1 the whole with a consistency and a harmoniousness which it is not as yet given to the world to comprehend4 ,the ,sohar1 which is the ,key of the ,holy ,books1 opens also all the depths and lights1 all the obscurities of the ,ancient ,mythologies and of the ,sciences originally concealed in the ,sanctuaries4 ,it is true that the ,secret of this ,key must be known1 to enable one to make use of it1 and that for even the most penetrating intellects1 not initiated in this ,secret1 the ,sohar is absolutely incomprehensible and almost illegible4 ,the ,secret of the ,occult ,sciences is that of ,nature itself1 the ,secret of the generation of the ,angels and ,worlds1 that of the ,omnipotence of ,god4 ,ye shall be like the ,elohim1 knowing good and evil1 had the ,serpent of ,genesis said1 and the ,tree of ,knowledge became the ,tree of ,death4 ,for six thousand years the ,martyrs of ,knowledge toil and die at the foot of this tree1 that it may again become the ,tree of ,life4 ,the ,absolute sought for unsuccessfully by the insensate and found by the ,sages1 is the ,,truth1 the ,,reality1 and the ,,reason of the universal equilibrium6 ,equilibrium is the ,harmony that results from the analogy of ,contraries4 ,until now1 ,humanity has been endeavoring to stand on one foot2 sometimes on one1 sometimes on the other4 ,civilizations have risen and perished1 either by the anarchical insanity of ,despotism1 or by the despotic anarchy of ,revolt4 ,to organize ,anarchy1 is the problem which the revolutionists have and will eternally have to resolve4 ,it is the rock of ,sisyphus that will always fall back upon them4 ,to exist a single instant1 they are and always will be by fatality reduced to improvise a despotism without other reason of existence than necessity1 and which1 consequently1 is violent and blind as ,necessity4 ,we escape from the harmonious monarchy of ,reason1 only to fall under the irregular dictatorship of ,folly4 ,sometimes superstitious enthusiasms1 sometimes the miserable calculations of the materialist instinct have led astray the nations1 and ,god at last urges the world on toward believing ,reason and reasonable ,beliefs4 ,we have had prophets enough without philosophy1 and philosophers without religion2 the blind believers and the skeptics resemble each other1 and are as far the one as the other from the eternal salvation4 ,in the chaos of universal doubt and of the conflicts of ,reason and ,faith1 the great men and ,seers have been but infirm and morbid artists1 seeking the beau-ideal at the risk and peril of their reason and life4 ,living only in the hope to be crowned1 they are the first to do what ,pythagoras in so touching a manner prohibits in his admirable ,symbols2 they rend crowns1 and tread them under foot4 ,light is the equilibrium of ,shadow and ,lucidity4 ,movement is the equilibrium of ,inertia and ,activity4 ,authority is the equilibrium of ,liberty and ,power4 ,wisdom is equilibrium in the ,thoughts1 which are the scintillations and rays of the ,intellect4 ,virtue is equilibrium in the ,affections3 ,beauty is harmonious proportion in ,forms4 ,the beautiful lives are the accurate ones1 and the magnificences of ,nature are an algebra of graces and splendors4 ,everything just is beautiful2 everything beautiful ought to be just4 99 99 99 99 99 ,there is1 in fact1 no ,nothing1 no void ,emptiness1 in the ,universe4 ,from the upper or outer surface of our atmosphere to that of the ,sun1 and to those of the ,planets and remote ,stars1 in different directions1 ,science has for hundreds of centuries imagined that there was simple1 void1 empty ,space4 ,comparing finite knowledge with the ,infinite1 the ,philosophers know little more than the apes6 ,in all that void space are the ,infinite ,forces of ,god1 acting in an infinite variety of directions1 back and forth1 and never for an instant inactive4 ,in all of it1 active through the whole of its ,infinity1 is the ,light that is the ,visible ,manifestation of ,god4 ,the earth and every other planet and sphere that is not a ,centre of ,light1 carries its cone of shadow with it as it flies and flashes round in its orbit2 but the darkness has no home in the ,universe4 ,to illuminate the sphere on one side1 is to project a cone of darkness on the other2 and ,error also is the ,shadow of the ,truth with which ,god illuminates the ,soul4 ,in all that ,void1 also1 is the ,mysterious and ever ,active ,electricity1 and ,heat1 and the ,omnipresent ,ether4 ,at the will of ,god the ,invisible becomes ,visible4 ,two invisible gases1 combined by the action of a ,force of ,god1 and compressed1 become and remain the water that fills the great basins of the seas1 flows in the rivers and rivulets1 leaps forth from the rocks or springs1 drops upon the earth in rains1 or whitens it with snows1 and bridges the ,danubes with ice1 or gathers in vast reservoirs in the earth's bosom4 ,god manifested fills all the extension that we foolishly call ,empty ,space and the ,void4 ,and everywhere in the ,universe1 what we call ,life and ,movement results from a continual conflict of ,forces or ,impulses4 ,whenever that active antagonism ceases1 the immobility and inertia1 which are ,death1 result4 ,if1 says the ,kabalah1 the ,justice of ,god1 which is ,severity or the ,female1 alone reigned1 creation of imperfect beings such as man would from the beginning have been impossible1 because ,sin being congenital with ,humanity1 the ,infinite ,justice1 measuring the ,sin by the ,infinity of the ,god offended against1 must have annihilated ,humanity at the instant of its creation2 and not only ,humanity but the ,angels1 since these also1 like all created by ,god and less than perfect1 are sinful4 ,nothing imperfect would have been possible4 ,if1 on the other hand1 the ,mercy or ,benignity of ,god1 the ,male1 were in no wise counteracted1 ,sin would go unpunished1 and the ,universe fall into a chaos of corruption4 ,let ,god but repeal a single principle or law of chemical attraction or sympathy1 and the antagonistic forces equilibrated in matter1 released from constraint1 would instantaneously expand all that we term matter into impalpable and invisible gases1 such as water or steam is1 when1 confined in a cylinder and subjected to an immense degree of that mysterious force of the ,deity which we call heat1 it is by its expansion released4 ,incessantly the great currents and rivers of air flow and rush and roll from the equator to the frozen polar regions1 and back from these to the torrid equatorial realms4 ,necessarily incident to these great1 immense1 equilibrated and beneficent movements1 caused by the antagonism of equatorial heat and polar cold1 are the typhoons1 tornadoes1 and cyclones that result from conflicts between the rushing currents4 ,these and the benign trade-winds result from the same great law4 ,god is omnipotent2 but effects without causes are impossible1 and these effects cannot but sometimes be evil4 ,the fire would not warm1 if it could not also burn1 the human flesh4 ,the most virulent poisons are the most sovereign remedies1 when given in due proportion4 ,the ,evil is the shadow of the ,good1 and inseparable from it4 ,the ,divine ,wisdom limits by equipoise the ,omnipotence of the ,divine ,will or ,power1 and the result is ,beauty or ,harmony4 ,the arch rests not on a single column1 but springs from one on either side4 ,so is it also with the ,divine ,justice and ,mercy1 and with the ,human ,reason and ,human ,faith4 ,that purely scholastic ,theology1 issue of the ,categories of ,aristotle and of the ,sentences of ,peter ,lombard1 that logic of the syllogism which argues instead of reasoning1 and finds a response to every thing by subtilizing on terms1 wholly ignored the ,kabalastic dogma and wandered off into the drear vacuity of darkness4 ,it was less a philosophy or a wisdom than a philosophical automaton1 replying by means of springs1 and uncoiling its theses like a wheeled movement4 ,it was not the human verb but the monotonous cry of a machine1 the inanimate speech of an ,androd4 ,it was the fatal precision of mechanism1 instead of a free application of rational necessities4 ,,st4 ,,thomas ,,aquinas crushed with a single blow all this scaffolding of words built one upon the other1 by proclaiming the eternal ,empire of ,reason1 in that magnificent sentence1 ,a thing is not just because ,,god wills it2 but ,,god wills it because it is just4 ,the proximate consequence of this proposition1 arguing from the greater to the less1 was this3 ,a thing is not true because ,,aristotle has said it2 but ,,aristotle could not reasonably say it unless it was true4 ,seek then1 first of all1 the ,,truth and ,,justice1 and the ,science of ,,aristotle will be given you in addition4 ,it is the fine dream of the greatest of the ,poets1 that ,hell1 become useless1 is to be closed at length1 by the aggrandizement of ,heaven2 that the problem of ,evil is to receive its final solution1 and ,good alone1 necessary and triumphant1 is to reign in ,eternity4 ,so the ,persian dogma taught that ,,ahriman and his subordinate ministers of ,evil were at last1 by means of a ,redeemer and ,mediator1 to be reconciled with ,deity1 and all ,evil to end4 ,but unfortunately1 the philosopher forgets all the laws of equilibrium1 and seeks to absorb the ,light in a splendor without shadow1 and movement in an absolute repose that would be the cessation of life4 ,so long as there shall be a visible light1 there will be a shadow proportional to this ,light1 and whatever is illuminated will cast its cone of shadow4 ,repose will never be happiness1 if it is not balanced by an analogous and contrary movement4 ,this is the immutable law of ,nature1 the ,eternal ,will of the ,,justice which is ,,god4 ,the same reason necessitates ,evil and ,sorrow in ,humanity1 which renders indispensable the bitterness of the waters of the seas4 ,here also1 ,harmony can result only from the analogy of contraries1 and what is above exists by reason of what is below4 ,it is the depth that determines the height2 and if the valleys are filled up1 the mountains disappear3 so1 if the shadows are effaced1 the ,light is annulled1 which is only visible by the graduated contrast of gloom and splendor1 and universal obscurity will be produced by an immense dazzling4 ,even the colors in the ,light only exist by the presence of the shadow3 it is the threefold alliance of the day and night1 the luminous image of the dogma1 the ,light made ,shadow1 as the ,saviour is the ,logos made man3 and all this reposes on the same law1 the primary law of creation1 the single and absolute law of ,nature1 that of the distinction and harmonious ponderation of the contrary forces in the universal equipoise4 ,the two great columns of the ,temple that symbolizes the ,universe are ,necessity1 or the omnipotent ,will of ,god1 which nothing can disobey1 and ,liberty1 or the free-will of ,his creatures4 ,apparently and to our human reason antagonistic1 the same ,reason is not incapable of comprehending how they can be in equipoise4 ,the ,infinite ,power and ,wisdom could so plan the ,universe and the ,infinite ,succession of things as to leave man free to act1 and1 foreseeing what each would at every instant think and do1 to make of the free-will and free-action of each an instrument to aid in effecting its general purpose4 ,for even a man1 foreseeing that another will do a certain act1 and in nowise controlling or even influencing him may use that action as an instrument to effect his own purposes4 ,the ,infinite ,wisdom of ,god foresees what each will do1 and uses it as an instrument1 by the exertion of ,his ,infinite ,power1 which yet does not control the ,human action so as to annihilate its freedom4 ,the result is ,harmony1 the third column that upholds the ,lodge4 ,the same ,harmony results from the equipoise of ,necessity and ,liberty4 ,the will of ,god is not for an instant defeated nor thwarted1 and this is the ,divine ,victory2 and yet ,he does not tempt nor constrain men to do ,evil1 and thus ,his ,infinite ,glory is unimpaired4 ,the result is ,stability1 ,cohesion1 and ,permanence in the ,universe1 and undivided ,dominion and ,autocracy in the ,deity4 ,and these1 ,victory1 ,glory1 ,stability1 and ,dominion1 are the last four ,sephiroth of the ,kabalah4 ,i ,,am1 ,god said to ,moses1 that which ,is1 ,was and ,shall forever ,be4 ,but the ,very ,god1 in ,his unmanifested ,essence1 conceived of as not yet having created and as ,alone1 has no ,name4 ,such was the doctrine of all the ancient ,sages1 and it is so expressly declared in the ,kabalah4 ,hebrew3 is the ,name of the ,deity manifested in a single act1 that of ,creation1 and containing within ,himself1 in idea and actuality1 the whole ,universe1 to be invested with form and be materially developed during the eternal succession of ages4 ,as ,god never ,,was ,,not1 so ,he never ,,thought not1 and the ,universe has no more had a beginning than the ,divine ,thought of which it is the utterance1--no more than the ,deity ,himself4 ,the duration of the ,universe is but a point halfway upon the infinite line of eternity2 and ,god was not inert and uncreative during the eternity that stretches behind that point4 ,the ,archetype of the ,universe did never not exist in the ,divine ,mind4 ,the ,word was in the ,,beginning with ,god1 and ,,was ,god4 ,and the ,ineffable ,,name is that1 not of the ,very ,essence but of the ,absolute1 manifested as ,being or ,existence4 ,for ,existence or ,being1 said the ,philosophers1 is limitation2 and the ,very ,deity is not limited nor defined1 but is all that may possibly be1 besides all that is1 was1 and shall be4 ,reversing the letters of the ,ineffable ,name1 and dividing it1 it becomes bi-sexual1 as the word ,hebrew3 1 ,yud-,he or ,,jah is1 and discloses the meaning of much of the obscure language of the ,kabalah1 and is ,the ,highest of which the ,columns ,jachin and ,boaz are the symbol4 ,in the image of ,deity1 we are told1 ,god created the ,man2 ,male and ,female created ,he them3 and the writer1 symbolizing the ,divine by the ,human1 then tells us that the woman1 at first contained in the man1 was taken from his side4 ,so ,minerva1 ,goddess of ,wisdom1 was born1 a woman and in armor1 of the brain of ,jove2 ,isis was the sister before she was the wife of ,osiris1 and within ,,brahm1 the ,source of all1 the ,very ,god1 without sex or name1 was developed ,,maya1 the ,mother of all that is4 ,the ,,word is the ,first and ,only-begotten of the ,father2 and the awe with which the ,highest ,mysteries were regarded has imposed silence in respect to the ,nature of the ,holy ,spirit4 ,the ,word is ,light1 and the ,life of ,humanity4 ,it is for the ,adepts to understand the meaning of the ,symbols4 ,return now1 with us1 to the ,degrees of the ,blue ,masonry1 and for your last lesson1 receive the explanation of one of their ,symbols4 ,you see upon the altar of those ,degrees the ,,square and the ,,compass1 and you remember how they lay upon the altar in each ,degree4 ,the ,,square is an instrument adapted for plane surfaces only1 and therefore appropriate to ,geometry1 or measurement of the ,earth1 which appears to be1 and was by the ,ancients supposed to be1 a plane4 ,the ,,compass is an instrument that has relation to spheres and spherical surfaces1 and is adapted to spherical trigonometry1 or that branch of mathematics which deals with the ,heavens and the orbits of the planetary bodies4 ,the ,,square1 therefore1 is a natural and appropriate ,symbol of this ,earth and the things that belong to it1 are of it1 or concern it4 ,the ,compass is an equally natural and appropriate ,symbol of the ,heavens1 and of all celestial things and celestial natures4 ,you see at the beginning of this reading1 an old ,hermetic ,symbol1 copied from the ,,materia ,,prima of ,valentinus1 printed at ,franckfurt1 in #afac1 with a treatise entitled ,,azoth4 ,upon it you see a ,triangle upon a ,square1 both of these contained in a circle2 and above this1 standing upon a dragon1 a human body1 with two arms only1 but two heads1 one male and the other female4 ,by the side of the male head is the ,sun1 and by that of the female head1 the ,moon1 the crescent within the circle of the full moon4 ,and the hand on the male side holds a ,compass1 and that on the female side1 a ,square4 ,the ,heavens and the ,earth were personified as ,deities1 even among the ,aryan ,ancestors of the ,european nations of the ,hindus1 ,zends1 ,bactrians1 and ,persians2 and the ,rig ,veda ,sanhita contains hymns addressed to them as gods4 ,they were deified also among the ,phnicians2 and among the ,greeks ,,ouranos and ,,gea1 ,heaven and ,earth1 were sung as the most ancient of the ,deities1 by ,hesiod4 ,it is the great1 fertile1 beautiful ,,mother1 ,earth1 that produces1 with limitless profusion of beneficence1 everything that ministers to the needs1 to the comfort1 and to the luxury of man4 ,from her teeming and inexhaustible bosom come1 the fruits1 the grain1 the flowers1 in their season4 ,from it comes all that feeds the animals which serve man as laborers and for food4 ,she1 in the fair ,springtime1 is green with abundant grass1 and the trees spring from her soil1 and from her teeming vitality take their wealth of green leaves4 ,in her womb are found the useful and valuable minerals2 hers are the seas the swarm with life2 hers the rivers that furnish food and irrigation1 and the mountains that send down the streams which swell into these rivers2 hers the forests that feed the sacred fires for the sacrifices1 and blaze upon the domestic hearths4 ,the ,,earth1 therefore1 the great ,,producer1 was always represented as a female1 as the ,,mother1--,great1 ,bounteous1 ,beneficent ,mother ,earth4 ,on the other hand1 it is the light and heat of the ,sun in the ,heavens1 and the rains that seem to come from them1 that in the ,springtime make fruitful this bountifully-producing ,earth1 that restore life and warmth to her veins1 chilled by ,winter1 set running free her streams1 and beget1 as it were1 that greenness and that abundance of which she is so prolific4 ,as the procreative and generative agents1 the ,heavens and the ,sun have always been regarded as male2 as the generators that fructify the ,earth and cause it to produce4 ,the ,hermaphroditic figure is the ,symbol of the double nature anciently assigned to the ,deity1 as ,generator and ,producer1 as ,,brahm and ,,maya among the ,aryans1 ,osiris and ,isis among the ,egyptians4 ,as the ,sun was male1 so the ,moon was female2 and ,isis was both the sister and the wife of ,osiris4 ,the ,compass1 therefore1 is the ,hermetic ,symbol of the ,creative ,deity1 and the ,square of the productive ,earth or ,universe4 ,from the ,heavens come the spiritual and immortal portion of man2 from the ,earth his material and mortal portion4 ,the ,hebrew ,genesis says that ,,yehouah formed man of the dust of the ,earth1 and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life4 ,through the seven planetary spheres1 represented by the ,mystic ,ladder of the ,mithriac ,initiations1 and it by that which ,jacob saw in his dream 7not with three1 but with seven steps71 the ,souls1 emanating from the ,deity1 descended1 to be united to their human bodies2 and through those seven spheres they must re-ascend1 to return to their origin and home in the bosom of the ,deity4 ,the ,,compass1 therefore1 as the ,symbol of the ,heavens1 represents the spiritual1 intellectual1 and moral portion of this double nature of ,humanity2 and the ,,square1 as the ,symbol of the ,earth1 its material1 sensual1 and baser portion4 ,truth and ,intelligence1 said one of the ,ancient ,indian ,sects of ,philosophers1 are the ,eternal attributes of ,god1 not of the individual ,soul1 which is susceptible both of knowledge and ignorance1 of pleasure and pain2 therefore ,god and the individual ,soul are distinct3 and this expression of the ancient ,nyaya ,philosophers1 in regard to ,truth1 has been handed down to us through the long succession of ages1 in the lessons of ,freemasonry1 wherein we read1 that ,truth is a ,divine ,attribute1 and the foundation of every virtue4 ,while embodied in matter1 they said1 the ,soul is in a state of imprisonment1 and is under the influence of evil passions2 but having1 by intense study1 arrived at the knowledge of the elements and principles of ,nature1 it attains unto the place of ,,the ,,eternal2 in which state of happiness1 its individuality does not cease4 ,the vitality which animates the mortal frame1 the ,breath of ,life of the ,hebrew ,genesis1 the ,hindu ,philosophers in general held1 perishes with it2 but the ,soul is divine1 an emanation of the ,spirit of ,god1 but not a portion of that ,spirit4 ,for they compared it to the heat and light sent forth from the ,sun1 or to a ray of that light1 which neither lessens nor divides its own essence4 ,however created1 or invested with separate existence1 the ,soul1 which is but the creature of the ,deity1 cannot know the mode of its creation1 nor comprehend its own individuality4 ,it cannot even comprehend how the being which it and the body constitute1 can feel pain1 or see1 or hear4 ,it has pleased the ,universal ,creator to set bounds to the scope of our human and finite reason1 beyond which it cannot reach2 and if we are capable of comprehending the mode and manner of the creation or generation of the ,universe of things1 ,he has been pleased to conceal it from us by an impenetrable veil1 while the words used to express the act have no other definite meaning than that ,he caused that ,universe to commence to exist4 ,it is enough for us to know1 what ,masonry teaches1 that we are not all mortal2 that the ,soul or ,spirit1 the intellectual and reasoning portion of ourself1 is our ,very ,self1 is not subject to decay and dissolution1 but is simple and immaterial1 survives the death of the body1 and is capable of immortality2 that it is also capable of improvement and advancement1 of increase of knowledge of the things that are divine1 of becoming wiser and better1 and more and more worthy of immortality2 and that to become so1 and to help to improve and benefit others and all our race1 is the noblest ambition and highest glory that we can entertain and attain unto1 in this momentary and imperfect life4 ,in every human being the ,divine and the ,human are intermingled4 ,in every one there are the ,reason and the ,moral sense1 the passions that prompt to evil1 and the sensual appetites4 ,if ye live after the flesh1 ye shall die1 said ,paul1 writing to the ,christians at ,rome1 but if ye through the spirit do mortify the deeds of the body1 ye shall live4 ,for as many as are led by the ,spirit of ,god1 they are the sons of ,god4 ,the flesh lusteth against the spirit1 and the spirit against the flesh1 he said1 writing to the ,christians of ,galatia1 and these are contrary the one to the other1 so that ye cannot do the things that ye would4 ,that which ,i do1 ,i do not willingly do1 he wrote to the ,romans1 for what ,i wish to do1 that ,i do not do1 but that which ,i hate ,i do4 ,it is no more ,i that do it1 but sin that dwelleth in me4 ,to will1 is present with me2 but how to perform that which is good1 ,i find not4 ,for1 ,i do not do the good that ,i desire to do2 and the evil that ,i do not wish to do1 that ,i do4 ,i find then a law1 that when ,i desire to do good1 evil is present with me2 for ,i delight in the law of ,god after the inward man1 but ,i see another law in my members1 warring against the law of my mind1 and bringing me into captivity to the law of sin which is in my members 444 ,so then1 with the mind ,i myself serve the law of ,god1 but with the flesh the law of sin4 ,life is a battle1 and to fight that battle heroically and well is the great purpose of every man's existence1 who is worthy and fit to live at all4 ,to stem the strong currents of adversity1 to advance in despite of all obstacles1 to snatch victory from the jealous grasp of fortune1 to become a chief and a leader among men1 to rise to rank and power by eloquence1 courage1 perseverance1 study1 energy1 activity1 discouraged by no reverses1 impatient of no delays1 deterred by no hazards2 to win wealth1 to subjugate men by our intellect1 the very elements by our audacity1 to succeed1 to prosper1 to thrive2--thus it is1 according to the general understanding1 that one fights well the battle of life4 ,even to succeed in business by that boldness which halts for no risks1 that audacity which stakes all upon hazardous chances2 by the shrewdness of the close dealer1 the boldness of the unscrupulous operator1 even by the knaveries of the stock-board and the gold-room2 to crawl up into place by disreputable means or the votes of brutal ignorance1--these also are deemed to be among the great successes of life4 ,but that which is the greatest battle1 and in which the truest honor and most real success are to be won1 is that which our intellect and reason and moral sense1 our spiritual natures1 fight against our sensual appetites and evil passions1 our earthly and material or animal nature4 ,therein only are the true glories of heroism to be won1 there only the successes that entitle us to triumphs4 ,in every human life that battle is fought2 and those who win elsewhere1 often suffer ignominious defeat and disastrous rout1 and discomfiture and shameful downfall in this encounter4 ,you have heard more than one definition of ,freemasonry4 ,the truest and the most significant you have yet to hear4 ,it is taught to the entered ,apprentice1 the ,fellow-,craft1 and the ,master1 and it is taught in every ,degree through which you have advanced to this4 ,it is a definition of what ,freemasonry is1 of what its purposes and its very essence and spirit are2 and it has for every one of us the force and sanctity of a divine law1 and imposes on every one of us a solemn obligation4 ,it is symbolized and taught1 to the ,apprentice as well as to you1 by the ,,compass and the ,,square2 upon which1 as well as upon the ,book of your ,religion and the ,book of the law of the ,scottish ,freemasonry1 you have taken so many obligations4 ,as a ,knight1 you have been taught it by the ,swords1 the symbols of ,,honor and ,,duty1 on which you have taken your vows3 it was taught you by the ,,balance1 the symbol of all ,equilibrium1 and by the ,,cross1 the symbol of devotedness and self-sacrifice2 but all that these teach and contain is taught and contained1 for ,entered ,apprentice1 ,knight1 and ,prince alike1 by the ,compass and the ,square4 ,for the ,apprentice1 the points of the ,compass are beneath the ,square4 ,for the ,fellow-,craft1 one is above and one beneath4 ,for the ,master1 both are dominant1 and have rule1 control1 and empire over the symbol of the earthly and the material4 ,,freemasonry is the subjugation of the ,human that is in man by the ,divine2 the ,conquest of the ,appetites and ,passions by the ,moral ,sense and the ,reason2 a continual effort1 struggle1 and warfare of the ,spiritual against the ,material and ,sensual4 ,that victory1 when it has been achieved and secured1 and the conqueror may rest upon his shield and wear the well-earned laurels1 is the true ,,holy ,,empire4 ,to achieve it1 the ,mason must first attain a solid conviction1 founded upon reason1 that he hath within him a spiritual nature1 a soul that is not to die when the body is dissolved1 but is to continue to exist and to advance toward perfection through all the ages of eternity1 and to see more and more clearly1 as it draws nearer unto ,god1 the ,light of the ,divine ,presence4 ,this the ,philosophy of the ,ancient and ,accepted ,rite teaches him2 and it encourages him to persevere by helping him to believe that his free will is entirely consistent with ,god's ,omnipotence and ,omniscience2 that ,he is not only infinite in power1 and of infinite wisdom1 but of infinite mercy1 and an infinitely tender pity and love for the frail and imperfect creatures that ,he has made4 ,every ,degree of the ,ancient and ,accepted ,scottish ,rite1 from the first to the thirty-second1 teaches by its ceremonial as well as by its instruction1 that the noblest purpose of life and the highest duty of a man are to strive incessantly and vigorously to win the mastery of everything1 of that which in him is spiritual and divine1 over that which is material and sensual2 so that in him also1 as in the ,universe which ,god governs1 ,harmony and ,beauty may be the result of a just equilibrium4 ,you have been taught this in those ,degrees1 conferred in the ,lodge of ,perfection1 which inculcate particularly the practical morality of ,freemasonry4 ,to be true1 under whatever temptation to be false2 to be honest in all your dealings1 even if great losses should be the consequence2 to be charitable1 when selfishness would prompt you to close your hand1 and deprivation of luxury or comfort must follow the charitable act2 to judge justly and impartially1 even in your own case1 when baser impulses prompt you to do an injustice in order that you may be benefited or justified2 to be tolerant1 when passion prompts to intolerance and persecution2 to do that which is right1 when the wrong seems to promise larger profit2 and to wrong no man of anything that is his1 however easy it may seem so to enrich yourself2--in all these things and others which you promised in those ,degrees1 your spiritual nature is taught and encouraged to assert its rightful dominion over your appetites and passions4 ,the philosophical ,degrees have taught you the value of knowledge1 the excellence of truth1 the superiority of intellectual labor1 the dignity and value of your soul1 the worth of great and noble thoughts2 and thus endeavored to assist you to rise above the level of the animal appetites and passions1 the pursuits of greed and the miserable struggles of ambition1 and to find purer pleasure and nobler prizes and rewards in the acquisition of knowledge1 the enlargement of the intellect1 the interpretation of the sacred writing of ,god upon the great pages of the ,book of ,nature4 ,and the ,chivalric ,degrees have led you on the same path1 by showing you the excellence of generosity1 clemency1 forgiveness of injuries1 magnanimity1 contempt of danger1 and the paramount obligations of ,duty and ,honor4 ,they have taught you to overcome the fear of death1 to devote yourself to the great cause of civil and religious ,liberty1 to be the ,soldier of all that is just1 right1 and true2 in the midst of pestilence to deserve your title of ,knight ,commander of the ,temple1 and neither there nor elsewhere to desert your post and flee dastard-like from the foe4 ,in all this1 you assert the superiority and right to dominion of that in you which is spiritual and divine4 ,no base fear of danger or death1 no sordid ambitions or pitiful greeds or base considerations can tempt a true ,scottish ,knight to dishonor1 and so make his intellect1 his reason1 his soul1 the bond-slave of his appetites1 of his passions1 of that which is material and animal1 selfish and brutish in his nature4 ,it is not possible to create a true and genuine ,brotherhood upon any theory of the baseness of human nature3 nor by a community of belief in abstract propositions as to the nature of the ,deity1 the number of ,his persons1 or other theorems of religious faith3 nor by the establishment of a system of association simply for mutual relief1 and by which1 in consideration of certain payments regularly made1 each becomes entitled to a certain stipend in case of sickness1 to attention then1 and to the ceremonies of burial after death4 ,there can be no genuine ,brotherhood without mutual regard1 good opinion and esteem1 mutual charity1 and mutual allowance for faults and failings4 ,it is those only who learn habitually to think better of each other1 to look habitually for the good that is in each other1 and expect1 allow for1 and overlook1 the evil1 who can be ,brethren one of the other1 in any true sense of the word4 ,those who gloat over the failings of one another1 who think each other to be naturally base and low1 of a nature in which the ,evil predominates and excellence is not to be looked for1 cannot be even friends1 and much less ,brethren4 ,no one can have a right to think meanly of his race1 unless he also thinks meanly of himself4 ,if1 from a single fault or error1 he judges of the character of another1 and takes the single act as evidence of the whole nature of the man and of the whole course of his life1 he ought to consent to be judged by the same rule1 and to admit it to be right that others should thus uncharitably condemn himself4 ,but such judgments will become impossible when he incessantly reminds himself that in every man who lives there is an immortal ,soul endeavoring to do that which is right and just2 a ,ray1 however small1 and almost inappreciable1 from the ,great ,source of ,light and ,intelligence1 which ever struggles upward amid all the impediments of sense and the obstructions of the passions2 and that in every man this ray continually wages war against his evil passions and his unruly appetites1 or1 if it has succumbed1 is never wholly extinguished and annihilated4 ,for he will then see that it is not victory1 but the struggle that deserves honor2 since in this as in all else no man can always command success4 ,amid a cloud of errors1 of failure1 and shortcomings1 he will look for the struggling ,soul1 for that which is good in every one amid the evil1 and1 believing that each is better than from his acts and omissions he seems to be1 and that ,god cares for him still1 and pities him and loves him1 he will feel that even the erring sinner is still his brother1 still entitled to his sympathy1 and bound to him by the indissoluble ties of fellowship4 ,if there be nothing of the divine in man1 what is he1 after all1 but a more intelligent animal8 ,he hath no fault nor vice which some beast hath not2 and therefore in his vices he is but a beast of a higher order2 and he hath hardly any moral excellence1 perhaps none1 which some animal hath not in as great a degree1--even the more excellent of these1 such as generosity1 fidelity1 and magnanimity4 ,bardesan1 the ,syrian ,christian1 in his ,book of the ,laws of ,countries1 says1 of men1 that in the things belonging to their bodies1 they maintain their nature like animals1 and in the things which belong to their minds1 they do that which they wish1 as being free and with power1 and as the likeness of ,god2 and ,meliton1 ,bishop of ,sardis1 in his ,oration to ,antoninus ,csar1 says1 ,let ,him1 the ever-living ,god1 be always present in thy mind2 for thy mind itself is ,his likeness1 for it1 too1 is invisible and impalpable1 and without form4444 ,as ,he exists forever1 so thou also1 when thou shalt have put off this which is visible and corruptible1 shalt stand before ,him forever1 living and endowed with knowledge4 ,as a matter far above our comprehension1 and in the ,hebrew ,genesis the words that are used to express the origin of things are of uncertain meaning1 and with equal propriety may be translated by the word generated1 produced1 made1 or created1 we need not dispute nor debate whether the ,soul or ,spirit of man be a ray that has emanated or flowed forth from the ,supreme ,intelligence1 or whether the ,infinite ,power hath called each into existence from nothing1 by a mere exertion of ,its will1 and endowed it with immortality1 and with intelligence like unto the ,divine ,intelligence3 for1 in either case it may be said that in man the ,divine is united to the ,human4 ,of this union the equilateral ,triangle inscribed within the ,square is a ,symbol4 ,we see the ,soul1 ,plato said1 as men see the statue of ,glaucus1 recovered from the sea wherein it had lain many years--which viewing1 it was not easy1 if possible1 to discern what was its original nature1 its limbs having been partly broken and partly worn and by defacement changed1 by the action of the waves1 and shells1 weeds1 and pebbles adhering to it1 so that it more resembled some strange monster than that which it was when it left its ,divine ,source4 ,even so1 he said1 we see the ,soul1 deformed by innumerable things that have done it harm1 have mutilated and defaced it4 ,but the ,mason who hath the ,,royal ,,secret can also with him argue1 from beholding its love of wisdom1 its tendency toward association with what is divine and immortal1 its larger aspirations1 its struggles1 though they may have ended in defeat1 with the impediments and enthralments of the senses and the passions1 that when it shall have been rescued from the material environments that now prove too strong for it1 and be freed from the deforming and disfiguring accretions that here adhere to it1 it will again be seen in its true nature1 and by degrees ascend by the mystic ladder of the ,spheres1 to its first home and place of origin4 ,the ,,royal ,,secret1 of which you are ,prince1 if you are a true ,adept1 if knowledge seems to you advisable1 and ,philosophy is1 for you1 radiant with a divine beauty1 is that which the ,sohar terms ,the ,mystery of the ,,balance4 ,it is the ,secret of the ,,universal ,,equilibrium3-- --,of that ,equilibrium in the ,deity1 between the ,infinite ,divine ,,wisdom and the ,infinite ,divine ,,power1 from which result the ,stability of the ,universe1 the unchangeableness of the ,divine ,law1 and the ,principles of ,truth1 ,justice1 and ,right which are a part of it2 and the ,supreme ,obligation of the ,divine ,law upon all men1 as superior to all other law1 and forming a part of all the laws of men and nations4 --,of that ,equilibrium also1 between the ,infinite ,divine ,,justice and the ,infinite ,divine ,,mercy1 the result of which is the ,infinite ,divine ,,equity1 and the ,moral ,harmony or ,beauty of the ,universe4 ,by it the endurance of created and imperfect natures in the presence of a ,perfect ,deity is made possible2 and for ,him1 also1 as for us1 to love is better than to hate1 and ,forgiveness is wiser than ,revenge or ,punishment4 --,of that ,equilibrium between ,,necessity and ,,liberty1 between the action of the ,,divine ,omnipotence and the ,free-will of man1 by which vices and base actions1 and ungenerous thoughts and words are crimes and wrongs1 justly punished by the law of cause and consequence1 though nothing in the ,universe can happen or be done contrary to the will of ,god2 and without which co-existence of ,liberty and ,necessity1 of ,free-will in the creature and ,omnipotence in the ,creator1 there could be no religion1 nor any law of right and wrong1 or merit and demerit1 nor any justice in human punishments or penal laws4 --,of that ,equilibrium between ,good and ,evil1 and ,light and ,darkness in the world1 which assures us that all is the work of the ,infinite ,wisdom and of an ,infinite ,love2 and that there is no rebellious demon of ,evil1 or ,principle of ,darkness co-existent and in eternal controversy with ,god1 or the ,principle of ,light and of ,good3 by attaining to the knowledge of which equilibrium we can1 through ,faith1 see that the existence of ,evil1 ,sin1 ,suffering1 and ,sorrow in the world1 is consistent with the ,infinite ,goodness as well as with the ,infinite ,wisdom of the ,almighty4 ,sympathy and ,antipathy1 ,attraction and ,repulsion1 each a ,force of nature1 are contraries1 in the souls of men and in the ,universe of spheres and worlds2 and from the action and opposition of each against the other1 result ,harmony1 and that movement which is the ,life of the ,universe and the ,soul alike4 ,they are not antagonists of each other4 ,the force that repels a ,planet from the ,sun is no more an evil force1 than that which attracts the ,planet toward the central ,luminary2 for each is created and exerted by the ,deity1 and the result is the harmonious movement of the obedient ,planets in their elliptic orbits1 and the mathematical accuracy and unvarying regularity of their movements4 --,of that ,equilibrium between ,authority and ,individual ,action which constitutes ,free ,government1 by settling on immutable foundations ,liberty with ,obedience to ,law1 ,equality with ,subjection to ,authority1 and ,fraternity with ,subordination to the ,wisest and the ,best3 and of that ,equilibrium between the ,active ,energy of the ,will of the ,present1 expressed by the ,vote of the ,people1 and the ,passive ,stability and ,permanence of the ,will of the ,past1 expressed in constitutions of government1 written or unwritten1 and in the laws and customs1 gray with age and sanctified by time1 as precedents and authority2 which is represented by the arch resting on the two columns1 ,jachin and ,boaz1 that stand at the portals of the ,temple builded by ,wisdom1 on one of which ,masonry sets the celestial ,globe1 symbol of the spiritual part of our composite nature1 and on the other the terrestrial ,globe1 symbol of the material part4 --,and1 finally1 of that ,equilibrium1 possible in ourselves1 and which ,masonry incessantly labors to accomplish in its ,initiates1 and demands of its ,adepts and ,princes 7else unworthy of their titles71 between the ,spiritual and ,divine and the ,material and ,human in man2 between the ,intellect1 ,reason1 and ,moral ,sense on one side1 and the ,appetites and ,passions on the other1 from which result the ,harmony and ,beauty of a well-regulated life4 ,which possible ,equilibrium proves to us that our ,appetites and ,senses also are ,forces given unto us by ,god1 for purposes of good1 and not the fruits of the malignancy of a ,devil1 to be detested1 mortified1 and1 if possible1 rendered inert and dead3 that they are given us to be the means by which we shall be strengthened and incited to great and good deeds1 and are to be wisely used1 and not abused2 to be controlled and kept within due bounds by the ,reason and the ,moral ,sense2 to be made useful instruments and servants1 and not permitted to become the managers and masters1 using our intellect and reason as base instruments for their gratification4 ,and this ,equilibrium teaches us1 above all1 to reverence ourselves as immortal souls1 and to have respect and charity for others1 who are even such as we are1 partakers with us of the ,divine ,nature1 lighted by a ray of the ,divine ,intelligence1 struggling1 like us1 toward the light2 capable1 like us1 of progress upward toward perfection1 and deserving to be loved and pitied1 but never to be hated nor despised2 to be aided and encouraged in this life-struggle1 and not to be abandoned nor left to wander in the darkness alone1 still less to be trampled upon in our own efforts to ascend4 ,from the mutual action and re-action of each of these pairs of opposites and contraries results that which with them forms the ,triangle1 to all the ,ancient ,sages the expressive symbol of the ,deity2 as from ,osiris and ,isis1 ,har-oeri1 the ,master of ,light and ,life1 and the ,creative ,word4 ,at the angles of one stand1 symbolically1 the three columns that support the ,lodge1 itself a symbol of the ,universe1 ,wisdom1 ,power1 and ,harmony or ,beauty4 ,one of these symbols1 found on the ,tracing-,board of the ,apprentice's ,degree1 teaches this last lesson of ,freemasonry4 ,it is the right-angled ,triangle1 representing man1 as a union of the spiritual and material1 of the divine and human4 ,the base1 measured by the number #c1 the number of the ,triangle1 represents the ,deity and the ,divine2 the perpendicular1 measured by the number #d1 the number of the ,square1 represents the ,earth1 the ,material1 and the ,human2 and the hypothenuse1 measured by #e1 represents that nature which is produced by the union of the ,divine and ,human1 the ,soul and the ,body2 the squares1 #i and #af1 of the base and perpendicular1 added together1 producing #be1 the square root whereof is #e1 the measure of the hypothenuse4 ,and as in each ,triangle of ,perfection1 one is three and three are one1 so man is one1 though of a double nature2 and he attains the purposes of his being only when the two natures that are in him are in just equilibrium2 and his life is a success only when it too is a harmony1 and beautiful1 like the great ,harmonies of ,god and the ,universe4 ,such1 my ,brother1 is the ,,true ,,word of a ,master ,mason2 such the true ,,royal ,,secret1 which makes possible1 and shall at length make real1 the ,,holy ,,empire of true ,masonic ,brotherhood4 ,,gloria ,,dei ,,est ,,celare ,,verbum4 ,,amen4 ,,digest--,,index ,,of ,,morals ,,and ,,dogma1 ,,of ,,albert ,,pike #cc ,,by ,t4,w4 ,,hugo1 ,g4,c4,c4,h4 ,published by ,the ,supreme ,council1 #cc ,a4 ,a4,s4,r4 for the ,southern ,jurisdiction1 ,u4 ,s4 ,a4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,washington4 ,d4,c4 ,entered according to ,act of ,congress1 in the year #aiji1 by ,t4,w4 ,,hugo1 ,in the ,office of the ,librarian of ,congress1 at ,washington4 ,l4,h4 ,,jenkins1 ,,inc4 ,,richmond1 ,,virginia ,,preface4 ,the following ,digest of the contents of ,brother ,albert ,pike's monumental work1 ,morals and ,dogma1 the text book of the ,ancient and ,accepted ,scottish ,rite for the southern jurisdiction1 issued by the ,supreme ,council1 grew out of the desire of the writer to have an index of the contents for his own personal use as the presiding officer1 for twenty years1 of each of the ,scottish ,rite ,bodies in ,duluth1 ,minnesota1 and it can be imagined that in that time1 dating from the first organization1 many questions have been propounded which could only be properly answered by reference to that epitome of ,scottish ,rite ,free ,masonry2 the book referred to4 ,from the very nature of ,morals and ,dogma1 different subjects are hard to find2 the book is very naturally divided under the headings of ,degrees2 there are no sub-headings2 and as most of the important subjects are touched on1 to a greater or lesser extent1 in all the ,degrees it meant a perusal of the entire book if all the information on any of those subjects was desired4 ,the writer started to compile an ,index 7in the ordinary acceptation of the term71 giving the pages where such and such words would be found1 but he had not progressed very far before it became evident that was only half a solution of the problem2 so many references were found that it would have been necessary to spend a great length of time looking up the several pages to see if that particular reference was to what the searcher was after2 the procedure was entirely changed and it was decided1 although it would consume very much more time1 and entail more arduous labor1 to digest the contents and then ,index that1 so that when a person wanted to find out what1 for instance1 the ,egyptians understood by ,the ,universe1 it was not necessary to look in ,morals and ,dogma1 at all the pages on which ,universe was mentioned but by following down the column1 under the heading ,universe1 come to ,universe of the ,egyptians a living1 animated being like man1 page #ffe-l2 if that is not enough in detail turn to page #ffe1 and in the lower third of the page will be found the paragraph of which the line just quoted is the boiled down meaning2 most of the time it will not be necessary to consult the ,morals and ,dogma at all4 ,when the ,digest 7so called for want of a better name7 was completed1 a meeting of the ,duluth ,brethren was called to secure the assistance of some of them in making a few copies on the typewriter1 but they decided that each of them wanted a copy and the only thing to do was to print2 hence the book4 ,in the opinion of the writer no one who has not carefully studied ,morals and ,dogma1 or the several subjects of which it is the epitome1 is or can be a ,master of the ,royal ,secret in the true meaning of the term1 no matter how many patents he may have1 nor how completely they are countersigned by distinguished ,masons of the ,thirty-third ,degree1 and it is for those who do not wish to sail along under false colors and assume titles of which they know not the meaning that this volume is prepared1 believing it will assist them to acquire an interest in the subject which they otherwise would be much slower in gaining1 if not deterred altogether by the apparent difficulty in following up the several subjects4 ,honored with the personal friendship and confidence of the author of ,morals and ,dogma1 receiving the highest honors at his hands and cherishing a lively recollection of his many splendid qualities of mind and heart1 the writer can conceive of no higher ambition than that of shewing by deeds that he has appreciated the privileges of that friendship and has absorbed some of the inspiration which personal intercourse with ,brother ,pike made possible therefore4 ,this volume is dedicated in grateful memory of the ,prince ,adept1 ,albert ,pike1 #cc1 ,mystic1 ,poet1 ,scholar1 who through his researches and his study of the ,symbolism of ,free ,masonry has raised that ,institution far above the commonplace and enthroned it on the lofty plane of a sublime system of ,philosophy1 embracing the accumulated ,wisdom of the ages fitted to make men wiser1 happier1 better4 ,no attempts have been made to standardize the spelling of some words1 nor make any changes in phraseology2 for instance1 ,cabala1 ,kabalah1 ,kabala1 are different spellings of the one word2 ,deity and ,god are used indiscriminately1 etc41 etc42 this volume is a ,digest of ,morals and ,dogma as it is1 and nothing else4 ,t4,w4 ,,hugo4 ,duluth1 ,minn41 ,october #ast1 #aiji4 ,,explanation4 ,in explanation of the characters used in the ,index2 the letters u1 m1 l after a number signifies that the subject mentioned will be found on the page represented by the number and in the upper1 middle1 or lower thirds of that page1 respectively2 thus ,unity of ,god taught in the ,kabalah1 #fbe-l1 means that on the lower third of page #fbe will be found the paragraph of which the notation in question is a shortened statement4 ,where no final letter is given it means that the notation refers to the entire page1 as ,universe1 questions concerning the creation or self existence of1 #fdh1 means that all of page #fdh refers to that notation just quoted4 ,where a dash 7--7 appears at the end of the words1 it means that for the completion of the sentence reference must be made to the page whose number follows2 for instance1 ,universe must have been co-existent with ,deity because--1 #fhd-u1 means that the reader must consult page #fhd-u1 and complete the sentence1 as it is of such a nature that it could not be boiled down very well and preserve the true sense4 ,where a dash 7--7 appears between two numbers of pages it means that both of those pages and the intervening ones refer to the subject matter of the notation opposite those numbers4 ,,digest ,,of ,,morals ,,and ,,dogma ,a ,aaron made an image of a false god while ,moses received the ,law1 #bjf-m4 ,aaron restored the worship of ,apis when he made the golden calf1 #cfi-m4 ,aaron's golden calf was one of the oxen under the laver of bronze1 #hah-l4 ,ab1 ,father1 as well as ,athah1 the name of the ,ancient in ,microprosopos1 #gid-u4 ,aba and ,imma1 ,father and ,mother1 #geg-u4 ,abacus1 the ,table of ,pythagoras1 concluded by the number ten1 #fch-m4 ,ablutions1 baths1 baptisms before initiation1 explanation of1 #dca-m4 ,above exists by reason of what is below1 #hdh-u4 ,abraham carried the orthodox traditions from ,chaldea1 #hdc-l4 ,abraham1 ,isaac and ,jacob1 ,jehovah the peculiar ,god of1 #bjf-l4 ,abraham2 ,magism was the science of1 #hci-l4 ,abraxas1 the plentitude of the ,divine ,emanations1 a ,gnostic idea1 #eed4 ,absolute conceived by reference to some substantial things1 #gjb-u4 ,absolute defined is but a collection of negations1 #fea-l4 ,absolute ,deity is in ,microprosopos1 #gic-l4 ,absolute discovered by the science of numbers1 #fbf-u4 ,absolute existence embodied in the ,ineffable ,name1 #gjj-m4 ,absolute existence is ,ihuh-,alhim1 #gja-m4 ,absolute existence1 the essence of the creative forces of ,deity1 #gja-m4 ,absolute in matters of ,intelligence and ,faith1 #hdb-m4 ,absolute is the ,being in which the ,word ,is1 according to the ,kabalah1 #hda-l4 ,absolute is the fixed from the volatile2 is that which is1 #ggf-l4 ,absolute is the immutable ,law of ,reason and ,truth1 #ggf-l4 ,absolute is the ,truth1 ,reality1 ,reason1 of the universal equilibrium1 #hdd-u4 ,absolute manifested as ,being or ,existence forms the ,ineffable ,name1 #hdi-m4 ,absolute necessarily implies absolute ,unity1 #gjb-l4 ,absolute no longer explains the problem of ,good and ,evil1 #fhb-u4 ,absolute sought in the ,infinite1 ,indefinite2 the ,finite is the ,great ,work1 #ggf-l4 ,absolute summed up in the ,word alternately lost and found1 #hdj-m4 ,absolute summed up in the ,word transmitted in ,initiations1 #hdj-m4 ,absolute1 the ,fixed1 the ,volatile1 are synonymous with ,reason1 ,necessity1 ,liberty1 #gia-l4 ,absolute1 the ,principle or ,first ,cause of all ,things1 #fbf-u4 ,absolute2 the pursuit of the ,great ,work is the ,search for the1 #ggc-u4 ,absolute1 the very necessity of ,being2 ,that which ,is2 ,reason1 #gcf-l4 ,absolute ,truth1 ,beauty1 ,good1 emanates from ,god1 #gjb-l4 ,absurd1 ,infinite1 which confounds and which we believe is the ,divine ,reason1 #hda-m4 ,abury1 all the cycles reproduced at the ,druidic ,temple at1 #bce-l4 ,abyss2 ,god1 according to ,valentinus1 was an unfathomable1 #eei-l4 ,abyss1 the ,gnostics represented ,god as an unfathomable1 #eee-u4 ,abyssinians changed the ,hindu ,trinity to ,creator1 ,matter1 ,thought1 #eej-l4 ,acacia1 a sacred tree of the ,arabs1 the idol ,al-,uzza1 #hb-m4 ,acacia branch represents the ,tree of ,life to the ,hermetic ,rose ,croix1 #ghf-l4 ,acacia is an emblem of resurrection and immortality1 #fdb-u4 ,acacia1 made into the crown of thorns1 #hb-m4 ,acacia1 origin of the idea of the sprig of1 #cgf-l4 ,acacia1 the thorny tamarisk1 grew around ,osiris1 #hb-m4 ,acacia1 type of immortality1 #hb-m4 ,achaius1 ,king of the ,scots1 saw the ,st4 ,andrew's ,cross the night before a battle1 #hja-l4 ,achilles fights with ,scamander1 #dii-m4 ,acmon's death lamented by the ,scythians1 #eid-l4 ,acorn planted before the ,norman conquest grows into importance1 #cag-l4 ,achronically2 when ,stars rise or set in opposition to the ,sun1 #dga-m4 ,acts1 unknown secret1 #aca-l4 ,action an essential part of ,masonry2 work required1 #aeb-l4 ,action greater than writing1 #cej-u4 ,actions1 importance of small1 #agc-m4 ,actions1 in ordinary spheres are opportunities for the noblest1 #cej-m4 ,actions1 more apparent than real1 are the criticised rewards of ,good or ,evil1 #gje-l4 ,action and opposition of contrary forces bring ,harmony1 #hei-l4 ,active and ,passive2 ,great ,first ,cause divided into the1 #fec-l4 ,active and ,passive ,principles gave birth to the ,universal ,soul idea1 #ffd-m4 ,active and ,passive ,principles1 ,light and ,darkness symbols of1 #djd-l4 ,active and ,passive ,principles symbolized by generative parts1 #dja-l4 ,active and ,passive principles symbolized by ,jachin and ,boaz1 #hfj-m4 ,active and ,passive ,symbols2 the ,male and ,female1 #ghd-m4 ,active energy of the ,will of the ,present expressed by vote of ,people1 #hfj-u4 ,active life has spiritual ends1 #bdc-m4 ,active ,principle diffuses2 ,passive1 collects and makes fruitful by nature1 #ggb-u4 ,active principle represented by ,light1 #cje-l4 ,active principle resides in the mind1 external to matter1 #feg-l4 ,adam belonged to both the ,empire of ,light and that of ,darkness1 #efg-u4 ,adam conformed into male and female and a state of equilibrium established1 #gie-l4 ,adam forbidden to eat of the fruit so he would not know--1 #efg-u4 ,adam is the human ,tetragram1 summed up in the ,yod1 #gga-m4 ,adam ,kadmon assisted by the living ,spirit1 ,jesus ,christ1 #eff-m4 ,adam ,kadmon commenced the contest with the powers of evil1 #eff-m4 ,adam ,kadmon1 containing all the ,causates of the ,first ,cause1 is a ,macrocosm1 #gfj-m4 ,adam ,kadmon created after the ,vestiges of the ,lights had been removed by ,god1 #gea-u4 ,adam ,kadmon emanated from ,absolute ,unit and so is himself a unit1 #gfj-l4 ,adam ,kadmon fashioned into ,male and ,female when equilibrium was introduced1 #gfc-u4 ,adam ,kadmon flows downward into his own nature and so is duality1 #gfj-l4 ,adam ,kadmon had in him ,nephesek1 ,ruach1 ,neschamah1 ,neschamah ,leneschamah1 #geg-u4 ,adam ,kadmon is designated in the third person1 ,hua1 ,he1 #gfc-u4 ,adam ,kadmon is the ,idea of the ,universe unevolved in the manifested ,deity1 #geh-m4 ,adam ,kadmon made up as to limbs by the nine ,sephiroth1 #geg-l4 ,adam ,kadmon1 ,primitive ,man1 made by the ,demiourgos1 #efb-l4 ,adam ,kadmon returns to the ,unity and to the ,highest and so is ternary and quaternary1 #gfj-u4 ,adam ,kadmon1 the ,first ,born1 the ,primitive ,man1 #bfg-m4 ,adam ,kadmon1 the ,idea of the ,universe1 assigned a human form1 #geg-l4 ,adam ,kadmon1 the ,logos1 man-type1 primitive man1 #bea-m4 ,adam ,kadmon1 the ,primal ,man1 emitted into the evacuated ,space1 #gdf-u4 ,adam ,kadmon was not formed male and female when the ,kings died1 #gig-l4 ,adam1 the first1 was ,microprosopos2 ,macroprosopos first ,occult ,adam1 #gie-u4 ,adept1 the #bhth ,degree1 ,knight of the ,sun or ,prince1 #eha4 ,adepts bound to ,ancient ,mysteries1 #ej-u4 ,adityas1 or ,solar ,attributes1 a ,vedic ,sun ,god1 #fjb-l4 ,adityas1 the distinct powers of ,surya1 each with a name1 #ehg-m4 ,adonai1 applied to ,deity1 represents1 #bjh-m4 ,adonai1 meaning of2 substituted for ,true ,name1 #bja-l4 ,adonai1 ,son1 ,kabalah ascribes redemption to1 #ajd-m4 ,adonai1 the most potent of the names of ,deity2 moves the ,universe1 #ghg-l4 ,adonai1 one of the seven ,reflections of the ,ophites1 #efc-m4 ,adonai of the ,phoenicians is a personification of the ,sun1 #eid-u4 ,adonai or ,adon1 the ,phoenician name for the ,sun ,god1 #ehg-u4 ,adoniram1 ,joabert1 ,satolkin1 the three ,masters1 represent1 #baj-u4 ,adonis and ,apollo of the ,greeks are personifications of the ,sun1 #eid-u4 ,adonis and ,proserpine in wanderings represent--1 #djd-m4 ,adonis or ,thammuz1 death and resurrection in ,mysteries1 #djf-m4 ,adonis1 symbol of the ,sun1 #gg-m4 ,adonis1 the ,sun1 as adored by the ,phoenician ,byblos1 #ehg-l4 ,adonis wounded in private parts by boar2 emblem of1 #dab-l4 ,adon signifies ,lord and ,master1 #eia-l4 ,adoration of ,deity requires something tangible to exalt the mind1 #fag-l4 ,advancement in the ,rite1 depends on1 #acf-m4 ,advancement in the ,rite1 those entitled to1 #acf-m4 ,adversity1 blessings and advantages of1 #ade-m4 ,aeschylus accused of representing the ,mysteries on the stage1 #chd-l4 ,aeschylus and others declare life is not a scene of repose1 #fia-u4 ,aesop and others declare the object of suffering is beneficial1 #fia-u4 ,aesch ,mezareph says the seven lower ,sephiroth represent seven metals1 #gih-l4 ,affliction1 a loneliness in1 #ahi-m4 ,affliction1 words go but little way into the depths of1 #ahi-m4 ,agathodaemon1 or ,kneph1 represented by ,osiris1 #ehg-l4 ,age we represent is not enlarged by our discoveries1 #hjh-l4 ,ages of the ,sun represented by the four ages of man1 #dfe-u4 ,ages passed before reason was preferred to imagination1 #fgd-m4 ,agla1 ,hieroglyphics of1 indicate the ,triple ,secret of the ,great ,work1 #ajd-l4 ,agni lives on the fire of the sacrifice1 on the hearth1 of the sky1 #fjb-m4 ,agni1 the ,mediator between ,god and man1 #fjb-m4 ,agricultural phenomena connected with ,egyptian religion1 #ehh-u4 ,agricultural1 primitive people of ,orient were wholly1 #dde-m4 ,ahih ,ashr ,ahih1 ,i am what ,i am1 the meaning of the name assumed by ,deity1 #fig-l4 ,ahriman and ministers of ,evil to be reconciled to ,deity and ,evil end1 #hdg-l4 ,ahriman called the old serpent1 ,prince of ,darkness1 etc41 by ,persians1 #dih-m4 ,ahriman concurred with ,ormuzd in the creation of ,man1 #beh-u4 ,ahriman condemned to dwell in darkness #ab1jjj years1 #beg-l4 ,ahriman considered older than ,ormuzd by some ,parsee sects1 #fac-u4 ,ahriman destroyed the pure principle of ,man1 #beh-u4 ,ahriman not a malevolent being in the early ages of the world1 #fac-u4 ,ahriman origin of all evils1 represented ,darkness1 #ddc-l4 ,ahriman produces ,deos and ,deities to equal those of ,ormuzd1 #ffb-l4 ,ahriman1 second born of the ,primitive ,light1 ambitious1 #beg-m4 ,ahriman1 the ,persian demon of ,evil1 of the nature of darkness1 #ffa-m4 ,ahriman the evil principle of the religion of ,zoroaster1 #ddi-u4 ,ahriman to be triumphant during three latter periods1 #beh-m4 ,ahriman to rule the world till the end of time1 #fbc-l4 ,ahriman's worship considered as the cause of the ,fall of man1 #fac-u4 ,ahura ,mazda1 by the power of the ,word1 made the ,heaven and ,earth1 #fac-l4 ,ahura ,mazda claims to have created the ,universe and man1 #fab-u4 ,ahura ,mazda1 ,indra1 ,ormuzd is the bright firmament1 #fja-l4 ,ahura ,mazda is called the ,first ,born of all things1 very light of--1 #fac-l4 ,ahura ,mazda represented the primal light1 #fab-u4 ,ahura ,mazda1 ,supreme1 whose ,soul is the ,excellent ,word1 #fac-m4 ,ainsoph and ,his garmenting were alone before the world of the vacant space1 #gej-u4 ,ainsoph called ,light because it is impossible to express it by any other word1 #gdj-m4 ,ainsoph is the title of the ,cause of ,causes1 its meaning being endless1 #gdg-u4 ,ainsoph1 ,king of the ,sephiroth ,theology2 ,being ,supreme and ,absolute1 #ii-m4 ,ainsoph of the ,kabalah corresponds to the ,word1 #bga-l4 ,ainsoph sometimes applied to the first emanation1 ,kether1 the ,crown1 #gdg-u4 ,aions of the ,gnostics correspond to the #bh ,izeds1 #beg-u4 ,aions of the ,gnostics corresponded to the ,ferouers of ,zoroaster1 #bef-u4 ,air and ,fire1 white and red1 ,mercy and ,judgment do not intermix1 #gie-m4 ,air gives the elements and principles of compound sensation1 #ghd-m4 ,air1 one of the symbols of spiritual regeneration in the ,mysteries1 #ceg-l4 ,air used as a test to represent the possible purification of the soul1 #cig-u4 ,air1 ,water1 ,fire1 denote ,benignity1 ,judicial ,rigor2 ,mercy as mediator1 #gii-u4 ,al1 a name of ,deity1 represents1 #bjh-m4 ,al1 ,al ,schadai1 ,alohayim1 ,adonai1 long known names of ,deity1 #fig-l4 ,al ,shadai1 applied to ,deity1 represents1 #bjh-m4 ,al1 ,soul of the ,universe1 one of the names of ,deity on the ,delta1 #ecb-u4 ,al1 the first ,phoenician ,nature ,god1 the ,principle of ,light1 #gbg-u4 ,alchemical ,azot corresponds to the ,hebrew ,tetragram1 #gcb-m4 ,alchemical jargon created to deceive the vulgar herd1 #gca-u4 ,alchemical or ,hermetic philosophical doctrine1 #ggb-gib4 ,alchemical philosophy receives some explanation in the ,kabala1 #gda-u4 ,alchemical teachings conceal their meaning in many cases1 #gib-m4 ,alchemists claimed the ,magical ,agent determined the form of the modifiable ,substance1 #ggc-l4 ,alchemists dream of being always young1 rich1 never die1 #ggb-l4 ,alchemists resorted to ,masonry and invented ,degrees1 #gca-u4 ,alchemists1 salt1 sulphur1 mercury1 great symbols of the1 #eg-l4 ,alchemists writing of the ,great ,work use symbolic and figurative expressions1 #ggd-m4 ,alchemy reduces the four ideas to the ,absolute2 the ,fixed2 the ,volatile1 #gia-l4 ,alchemy1 the mask of the ,hermetic ,philosophy1 #gia-l4 ,aldebaran1 the leader1 preceded the ,sun in the sign of the ,bull1 #dea-u4 ,aleph is the ,man2 ,beth1 the ,woman2 ,one the ,principle2 ,two1 the ,word1 #gga-l4 ,alfader over the ,scandinavian ,deities1 ,thor and ,odin1 #eih-u4 ,alfadir1 the ,icelandic name for ,god1 but he has twelve names in ,asgard1 #fai-u4 ,alfarabius1 an ,arab1 cultivated the ,hermetic science1 #hdj-l4 ,alexander of ,macedon said1 ,nothing is nobler than work41 #dj-l4 ,alexander1 result of wars of1 #bdg-m4 ,alexander1 results of work of ,faust and ,luther exceeded that of1 #dc-u4 ,alexandria1 teachings of the ,jewish-,greek school of1 #bej-m4 ,alexandrian school brought ,magic and ,christianity almost together1 #gca-l4 ,alexandrian ,school1 ,doctrine taught in1 #agj-u4 ,alcibiades accused of the crime of divulging secrets of the ,mysteries1 #chd-l4 ,alhim assigned to the modeling of the ,universe in ,genesis1 #efh-m4 ,alhim1 the aggregate unity of manifested ,creative ,forces of ,deity1 #gja-m4 ,alhim were subordinate ,deities among the ,phoenicians1 #efh-m4 ,alkahest's composition described1 #ghh-m4 ,alkahest has the generative virtue of producing the ,triangular ,cubical ,stone1 #ghg-m4 ,alkahest is the principle of life in the profundity of matter1 #ghg-l4 ,all is termed ,wisdom1 and in it ,the ,all is contained1 #gic-u4 ,all things summed in ,one when the ,son is in ,wisdom and ,intelligence1 #hjj-u4 ,all was1 is1 will be2 there neither will be1 is1 nor has been1 mutation1 #gic-l4 ,allegories breed errors by being literally accepted1 #bje-m4 ,allegories of ,masonry become lessons of wisdom when understood1 #eig-m4 ,allegories of ,scriptures contain profound truths1 #bej-l4 ,allegories of the ,hermeticists explained by their single dogma1 #ggg-l4 ,allegories1 ,truth hidden under a succession of1 #bdf-l4 ,allegorical analogies represented metaphysical ideas of the ,mysteries1 #che-u4 ,allegorical expression chosen by philosophers to express theological ideas1 #fgh-u4 ,allegory and symbol efficacious instruments of instruction1 #cee-m4 ,allegory invites research and rewards the inquirer1 #cee-l4 ,allegory of the loss of the ,true ,word represents1 #bje-l4 ,allegory1 the simplest facts of the ,old ,testament are an1 #bff-u4 ,allegory used by the ,sages to conceal the operations of ,nature1 #fei-m4 ,alohayim1 with ,tsabaoth1 symbolism of1 #ajd-m4 ,alohim1 a name for ,microprosopos1 #gie-u4 ,alohim1 applied to ,deity1 represents1 #bjh-m4 ,alohim2 the five letters of the name of the spark from ,severity give the name1 #gie-m4 ,alpha and ,omega are the first and last letters of the ,greek alphabet1 #gja-u4 ,alpha and ,omega1 ,zoroaster's definition of ,deity1 #bgc-m4 ,alps1 the great altar of ,europe2 ,autumn a long ,all ,saint's ,day1 #gac-l4 ,altar in the ,east has an astronomical reference1 #dhc-m4 ,altar of ,perfumes indicates the ,fire that is to be applied to ,nature1 #ghc-u4 ,alternatives between which the human mind has vacillated1 #fid-l4 ,alva-butcheries in ,netherlands1 #di-l4 ,amas composed of the initials of the words that signify ,air1 ,water1 ,fire1 #gii-u4 ,ambition1 highest object of human1 #gd-l4 ,ambrose and ,augustine1 ,saints1 division of their day1 #aae-u4 ,ambrose1 ,archbishop of ,milan1 speaks of the ,christian ,mysteries1 #ede-l4 ,ambrose1 the ,saint1 held the ,stars have souls1 #fgb-u4 ,ameth1 duties of a ,prince1 #agf-u4 ,amida became the ,redeemer2 will judge and sentence men1 #faf-u4 ,amida1 or ,omith1 the name of the ,japanese ,supreme ,being1 #faf-u4 ,ammon1 the ,sun1 as adored in ,phrygia1 ,atys1 ,libya1 #ehg-l4 ,ammonius concealed ,science under ,christian disguises1 #gcb-l4 ,ammomus ,saccos and ,plato brought ,christianity and ,magic close together1 #gca-l4 ,amos accuses the ,hebrews of the worship of false gods1 #bjf-m4 ,amshaspands are six of the ,zodiacal signs under the banner of ,light1 #ffc-u4 ,amshaspands correspond to the ,aor1 ,zohar1 ,zayo1 of the ,kabalah1 #gdj-l4 ,amshaspands1 names of the1 #beg-u4 ,amshaspands of the ,persians1 ,light1 ,fire1 ,splendor1 #gdj-l4 ,amshaspands1 or ,genii1 six created by ,ormuzd after his own image1 #bef-l4 ,amshaspands recognized in the ,kabalah by ,light1 ,splendor1 ,brightness1 #gdj-l4 ,amschaspands of the ,zend ,avesta compared with the seven ,rishis1 #fjb-u4 ,amschaspands presided over special departments of nature1 #fab-u4 ,amun1 a concealed ,god1 the ,supreme ,being of the ,egyptians1 #bha-l4 ,amun1 ,athom1 ,phtha1 ,osiris1 of the ,egyptians1 are personifications of the ,sun1 #eid-u4 ,amun created nothing1 but everything emanated from him1 #bed-u4 ,amun or ,amun ,kneph1 the ,spirit or ,breath of ,nature1 #fad-m4 ,amun-,re1 the ,libyan ,jupiter1 represented intelligent forces of ,nature1 #ehd-l4 ,amun-,re1 the same1 with ,kneph from whose mouth issued the egg1 #ehe-u4 ,amun styled who sheds light on hidden things1 #bec-l4 ,amun1 symbol of the ,sun1 #gg-m4 ,amun1 the creation by the ,thought issuing as the ,word caused by1 #bed-u4 ,amun1 the ,ram lying on the book in the #agth ,degree1 the symbol of1 #bed-u4 ,amun1 the ,supreme ,god1 at first that of ,lower ,egypt1 #bec-l4 ,amun was the ,nature ,god worshipped at ,memphis1 ,lower ,egypt1 #ehd-l4 ,amun's name pronounceable only by the ,egyptian ,priests1 #fba-l4 ,analogy gives the ,sage the forces of ,nature2 it is the science of ,good and ,evil1 #gcg-l4 ,anarchy given no countenance by ,masonry1 #aec-l4 ,anaxagoras admitted the existence of ultimate elementary particles1 #fgf-l4 ,anaxagoras expounded the higher ,greek religious ideas1 #fag-m4 ,anaxagoras gives an account of the origin of things1 #die-m4 ,anaxagoras includes in ,mind moral principles as well as life and motion1 #fgg-l4 ,anaxagoras' ,intelligence principle possessed the defects of ,necessity1 #fgg-l4 ,anaxagoras' ,theism subversive of ,mythology and outward religion1 #fgi-u4 ,anchises1 in the ,aenid1 taught ,aeneas the doctrine of ,universal ,soul1 #fff-m4 ,ancient ,hidden ,one contains no female2 ,his totality is male2 ,hua1 ,he1 #gfc-u4 ,ancient ,knightly virtues and deeds to be revered1 #hjd-l4 ,ancient1 ,most ,holy1 called ,hua1 ,he2 not ,athah1 ,thou1 #gid-u4 ,ancient1 ,most ,holy1 ,hidden of the ,hidden1 is the ,supreme ,crown1 #gfb-l4 ,ancient of ,days1 ,atik ,yomin1 constituted by the seven ,sephiroth1 #gbg-m4 ,ancient of ,days is the internal part1 or ,soul1 of ,macroprosopos1 #geh-u4 ,ancient of days1 title given to the ,creator in the ,kabalah1 #bff-l4 ,ancient opinions concerning earth and heaven1 #ddb--4 ,ancient poetic and philosophic solution of the great problems1 #fec-m4 ,ancient religion based on the pure and simple veneration of ,nature1 #faj-l4 ,ancient religious effusions of the ,veda1 #fjb-m4 ,ancient thought reproduced in the speculations of today1 #fig-u4 ,ancients believed the planet's motive force was an intelligent one1 #fga-m4 ,andocides accused of the crime of divulging secrets of the ,mysteries1 #chd-l4 ,andrew's ,cross2 ,hungus1 in the ninth century1 saw in the sky ,st1 #hja-m4 ,angels1 called ,reflections1 proceeded from ,ialdabaoth1 #efc-m4 ,angels commissioned to aid man to exercise his liberty1 #beb-u4 ,angels1 fallen stars are1 in ,hebrew ,mythology1 fallen1 #eaj-l4 ,angels of ,evil fell1 as men did2 to be restored1 then reign of evil ends1 #fhf-u4 ,angels of the ,jews corresponded to the ,ferouers of ,zoroaster1 #bef-u4 ,angelic ,army composed of ,heavenly ,host1 #eji-l4 ,anger not responsible for ,god's dispensations of suffering1 #gah-u4 ,anger1 results of1 #abc-l4 ,animal and spiritual natures of mankind1 #heg-l4 ,animal ,kingdom symbolized by ,mach1 studied by the ,master ,mason1 #fcb-u4 ,annals1 under the ,caesars there is the ,author of the1 #dh-u4 ,anointing1 a symbol of dedication to the ,true and ,good1 #ech-l4 ,anointing1 ,intelligence the source of the oil of1 #bfg-l4 ,antareya ,a'ran'ya1 one of the ,vedas1 gives an account of creation1 #fji-u4 ,anthropopathism of ,jewish ,scriptures opposed by ,alexandrians1 #bhe-u4 ,antiquity of the doctrine that gave living souls to the heavens1 etc1 #ffi-m4 ,antagonisms of man's nature may be in equilibrium1 if he will it so1 #gfe-u4 ,anti-,masons caused the cheapening of ,masonry2 its pomp1 its display1 #had-m4 ,anti-,masons of #ahbf1 in ,america1 the best friends and worst enemies of ,masonry1 #had-m4 ,anti-,masons purified ,masonry by persecution1 #had-m4 ,antipathy and ,sympathy1 inaction and opposition result in ,harmony1 #hei-l4 ,anubis in the shape of a dog aided ,isis in her search and represents--1 #cgf-l4 ,aoom1 the symbol of the ,lord of all things1 #fba-m4 ,aor ,mupala1 ,wonderful or ,hidden ,light undisplayed1 the ,will of ,deity1 #gdj-l4 ,aor of the ,deity manifested in flame issuing out of the invisible fire1 #gdj-l4 ,aor ,pasot1 ,most simple light2 ,ayen ,soph1 ,infinite before ,emanation1 #gde-l4 ,aor ,penai-,al1 ,light of the countenance of ,god1 #gdh-u4 ,apartment1 ,fourth1 #ahth ,degree1 represents freedom from ,evil1 #bhi-u4 ,apartment1 ,fourth1 #ahth ,degree1 typifies the rule of ,masonry1 #bhi-m4 ,apartment1 ,second1 #ahth ,degree1 represents reign of ,evil1 #bhh-m4 ,apartment1 ,second1 #ahth ,degree1 represents various scenes1 #bhh-l4 ,apartment1 ,third1 #ahth ,degree1 represents materialized consequences1 #bhi-u4 ,apartment1 ,third1 #ahth ,degree1 represents the consequences of sin1 #bhh-l4 ,apartments in ,mysteries passed by degrees1 #dcb-l4 ,apathy and faithlessness great obstacles to ,masonic success1 #bcg-m4 ,aphanison or the disappearance was the nailing of ,osiris in the chest1 #cgg-u4 ,aphanison represented disappearance of the ,sun at ,winter ,solstice1 #cgg-u4 ,aphanison1 the disappearance of ,osiris1 ,bootes1 ,adonis1 #dhd-u4 ,aphrodite1 the ,principle of ,unity and ,universal ,harmony1 #fhc-m4 ,apis1 ,aaron made an image of the ,egyptian god1 #bjf-m4 ,apis reproduced by ,aaron in the desert as the ,golden ,calf1 #ddh-u4 ,apocalypse1 a ,kabalistic book1 sealed by seven seals1 #gbg-l4 ,apocalypse1 a ,kabalistic summary of the occult figures1 divides--1 #cba-u4 ,apocalypse1 a wonderful epic explained by numbers as the ,key1 #gbh-u4 ,apocalypse as obscure as the ,sohar2 appeals to the ,initiate1 #cba-m4 ,apocalypse1 cabalistic clavicule not explained by ,christians1 #gca-u4 ,apocalypse completes the ,science of ,abraham and ,solomon1 #cba-l4 ,apocalypse1 derivation of the four creatures of the1 #dfa-l4 ,apocalypse's doctrine1 the pure ,kabala1 lost by the ,parisees1 #gbg-l4 ,apocalypse embodies ,occultism2 not written for the many1 #cba-m4 ,apocalypse paints the struggle between ,good and ,evil1 #bgb-l4 ,apocalyptic pictures are pantacles with numbers as the ,key1 #gbg-l4 ,apocalypse shows ,kabalistic meaning of the ,temple1 #bce-m4 ,apocalypse1 the ,apotheosis of that ,sublime ,faith which--1 #cba-u4 ,apollo and ,dionusos1 ,nature and ,art1 from one common source1 #ehe-l4 ,apollo1 at ,delphi the tomb held the body of1 #djg-m4 ,apollo fights with ,python1 the scaly snake1 #dii-m4 ,apollo1 symbol of the ,sun1 #gg-m4 ,apollo triumphs over ,python on ,march #beth1 #djg-m4 ,appollonius of ,tyana says ,god must be expressed by the spirit1 #bhb-l4 ,apollos of ,alexandria1 reference to the baptism of ,john1 #bfb-u4 ,apostles1 early ,christians deemed incomplete the writings of the1 #bdh-u4 ,apostles of ,christ1 secret meaning of the number of the1 #bcc-m4 ,apostolic ,constitutions speak of the ,christian ,mysteries1 #edc-l4 ,apparatus states that ,malakoth is called ,haikal1 #gii-u4 ,apparatus used in the ,great ,work1 #ghe-u4 ,appetites and ,senses are ,forces given us for ,good1 #hfj-l4 ,apprentice ,degree1 declaration that ,masonry is worship in the1 #bai-u4 ,apprentice1 #ast ,degree1 #a-m4 ,apprentice1 meaning of preparation1 tests1 purifications in ,degree of1 #bec-u4 ,apprentice studies the mineral ,kingdom symbolized by ,tub1 #fcb-u4 ,apprentices' ,compass has both points under the ,square1 #hed-l4 ,apprentice's ,grip1 ,morality1 fails to raise the candidate1 #fdj-l4 ,apron of white sheepskin1 origin of1 #djg-l4 ,apulesius represents ,lucius initiated into the ,mysteries1 #chg-cij4 ,apulius describes an effigy of the ,supreme ,deity1 #dab-l4 ,aquarius1 the first of the four royal signs1 characterizes ,reuben1 #dfa-u4 ,arab wisdom not slighted by the ,mediaeval ,church1 #fbe-l ,arabian traditions much in common with those of the ,hebrews1 #faf-l4 ,arabians never possessed a finely wrought system of ,polytheism1 #faf-l4 ,arabians taught the primeval faith of one ,god by ,mahomet1 #faf-l4 ,aramtic forms of the personal pronouns1 ,he-,she1 #gjj-u4 ,arabs embraced many ,kabalists1 #fbe-l4 ,arabs1 such as ,geber and ,alfarabius1 cultivated the ,hermetic science1 #hdj-l4 ,aramtic forms of the personal pronouns1 ,he-,she1 #gjj-u4 ,araor1 the ,chaldean ,supreme ,deity1 ,father of ,light1 #gdb-l4 ,areanum2 to the ,magists the ,blazing ,star symbolized the ,grand1 #hdb-u4 ,arch rests on a column on either side1 #hdf-l4 ,archangels numbered seven1 #bcc-m4 ,archelaus1 ,bishop of ,mesopotamia1 speaks of early ,christian secrecy1 #edd-l4 ,archetype of the ,universe did never not exist in the ,divine ,mind1 #hdi-m4 ,archetype of things united with the ,infinite by the ,divine ,ray1 #bfg-u4 ,archimagus1 the ,sun1 the noblest agent of ,divine power1 #fab-m4 ,architect of the ,universe2 ,chinese ,emperor erected a ,temple to the1 #fae-l4 ,architects among names of ,gnostic initiates into their ,mysteries1 #edc-m4 ,architects1 or ,masons of the #abth to the #adth ,degrees2 duties of the1 #ccb-u4 ,architects1 symbolism in #abth ,degree of the ,chief of the1 #bjb-l4 ,architectonica1 ,symbola1 found on ancient edifices1 #bce-m4 ,architecture1 symbolism of the five orders of1 #bjb-u4 ,argonautic expedition2 ,orpheus received ,mysteries of ,samothrace on1 #dbg-u4 ,argument not equally convincing to different men1 #aff-m4 ,arian theory of ,creation of the ,human race1 #efe-u4 ,arik ,aupin1 one of the appellations of ,adam ,kadmon1 ,macroprosopos1 #geh-u4 ,arik ,aupin or ,macroprosopos2 ,seir ,aupin or ,microprosopos1 #gii-m4 ,aristobulus1 a ,jew1 of the school of ,alexandria1 #bej-m4 ,aristobulus1 declaration concerning ,jewish ,scriptures1 #bej-l4 ,aristotle accused of impiety for a breach of laws of worship of ,ceres1 #chd-l4 ,aristotle held that each ,star was a portion of the ,universal ,soul1 #fga-m4 ,aristotle1 opinion of1 concerning the ,mysteries1 #cgi-m4 ,aristotle1 sayings of1 regarding the nature of ,god1 #bhc-m4 ,aristotle showed how religion may be founded on an intellectual basis1 #gaj-l4 ,aristotle seemingly leaned towards an ,intelligent ,personal ,god1 #fgi-l4 ,aristides claimed the ,initiation brought consolation and hope1 #cgi-l4 ,aristotle's ,act was first1 the ,universe has existed forever1 #fgi-l4 ,aristotle's doctrine implies an eternal mover wholly in act1 #fgi-u4 ,aristotle's system tends to prove that ,nature makes toward final good1 #fha-m4 ,arithmomancy1 a species of ,divination of the ,pythagoreans1 #fcc-u4 ,arius declared the ,saviour of a nature analogous to ,god and ,man1 #efe-u4 ,arius declared the ,saviour was really created1 #efd-l4 ,arius1 the ,word made by ,god according to1 #bgi-l4 ,ark2 image of organs of generation contained in ,isaac1 #dab-l4 ,ark or chest containing genitals of youngest ,cabiri in ,mysteries1 #dbg-m4 ,arkaleus or ,hercules1 the ,scythian1 ,etruscan1 name for the ,sun ,god1 #ehg-u4 ,artemis ,proserpina1 the saviour who leads spirits to ,heaven1 #cie-u4 ,artemis represents the principle of the destruction of the seed1 #cie-u4 ,artificer1 the ,demiurge1 was the ,governor of the world and the1 #eeg-m4 ,artist or author merely portrays what man should be or do1 #cdi-l4 ,aryan emigration from the slopes of the ,himalayas1 #gad-u4 ,ashlar1 perfect1 connected with the double cube of ,perfection1 #ejc-m4 ,ashlar1 perfect1 typifies the ,state1 #e-m4 ,ashlar1 rough1 changed in form from triangular to cubic1 #ghg-m4 ,ashlar1 rough1 to be prepared for the work1 is a shapeless stone1 #ghg-m4 ,ashlar1 rough1 typifies ,people rude and unorganized1 #e-m4 ,asp1 dedicated to ,isis1 worn on her head and on others'1 #eja-m4 ,ass1 ,christians accused of worshipping an2 origin of1 #ajc-u4 ,assassins1 fate of1 foreshadows that of the enemies of liberty1 #adh-m4 ,assassins1 ,hindu ,word formed by the three final syllables of names of1 #hb-m4 ,assassins1 names of ,good and ,evil ,deities contain the names of the1 #hb-m4 ,assassins of ,khurum1 names and relations to ,stars1 #dhh-l4 ,assassins of ,khurum1 symbols of foes of liberty1 #adh-m4 ,assistance of the humble worker in life's progress1 #aeh-m4 ,astarte had a ,temple built to her at ,tyre by ,hiram1 #daj-l4 ,astral light is the grand agent of the ,hermetic operations of the ,sun1 #ggd-l4 ,astrology fixed the place of exaltation of the planets1 #dfc-l4 ,astrology practiced among all nations2 mother of sciences1 #dfc-u4 ,astaphal1 one of the seven ,reflections of the ,ophites1 #efc-m4 ,astronomy of ,pythagoras was ,astrology1 #fbf-m4 ,astronomy studied by the ,druids1 computations made by nights1 #fai-u4 ,astronomy the most important of ,sciences to the ancients1 #eig-u4 ,assyrian name for the ,sun ,god was ,bel1 #ehg-u4 ,athanasius admonishes not to take sacred writ literally1 #bff-m4 ,athah1 ,thou1 was not applied to the ,most ,holy ,ancient1 but ,hua1 ,he1 #gid-u4 ,athelstane1 ,king of ,england1 saw the ,st4 ,andrew's ,cross while praying1 #hja-l4 ,atheist may be applied to a man having a higher conception1 #fdc-l4 ,atheism and ,pantheism1 reduced to simplest terms1 seem the same1 #fgb-u4 ,atheism at bottom to say the ,universe is ,god1 #gjg-l4 ,atheism impossible with a belief in the ,reason of ,god1 #gcg-l4 ,atheism is formal which denies ,god in terms1 but not in reality1 #fdc-l4 ,atheism1 or all is nature and there is no other ,god1 #fgb-u4 ,atheism1 really1 is the denial of the actuality of any ideas of ,god1 #fdd-m4 ,atheist's belief or unbelief to be real1 #fdd-fdg4 ,atheists' ,creed would make a ,pandemonium of this world1 #fdf-l4 ,atheistic conception would not content man1 #fdg4 ,atheistic theory stated1 does not satisfy human longing1 #fdf-u4 ,athom1 ,amun1 ,phtha1 ,osiris of the ,egyptians1 are personifications of the ,sun1 #eid-u4 ,athom-,re was superior to all ,nature ,gods1 was symbolized by ,light1 #ehd-l4 ,athom1 the ,being that was1 is and is to come1 the ,great ,god1 #ehd-l4 ,athom1 the ,supreme ,god of the ,egyptians1 above ,amun1 #eig-l4 ,athom1 the ,supreme ,god of ,upper ,egypt1 same as ,om and ,brehm1 #ehd-l4 ,atik ,yomin1 the ,ancient of ,days of the ,kabala1 #gbg-m4 ,atika ,kadischa1 the name for the three heads of ,adam ,kadmon in the ,sohar1 #geh-u4 ,atomic school made variety proceed from combinations of atoms1 #fgf-m4 ,attributes do not exist without substance1 #egb-l4 ,attributes1 ,god only revealed by his1 #bfg-l4 ,attributes of ,deity personified1 #bga-m4 ,attributes of ,deity symbolized in order to give an idea of ,god1 #eac-l4 ,attributes of ,god are man's virtues1 #gjd-u4 ,attributes of ,god are the ,adjectives of ,one ,great ,substantive1 #egd-l4 ,attributes of ,god presents the whole ,divine ,essence under one aspect1 #eee-m4 ,attributes of ,god presents the whole ,divine ,essence of one aspect1 #eee-m4 ,attributes of ,one ,god become separate divinities1 #fgb-l4 ,attributes of the ,soul1 or ,god1 are not ,god or the ,soul1 #egc-u4 ,attributes1 the title of ,god may be applied to each1 #eee-m4 ,atys and his priests mutilated1 symbol of1 #dab-l4 ,atys1 mutilated1 dies and is restored to life in ,mysteries1 #dbb-l4 ,atys1 the ,sun ,god of ,phrygia in ,mysteries of ,cybele1 #djg-u4 ,auditors1 the first of the degrees of the ,christian ,mysteries1 #eda-l4 ,auditors were novices being prepared to receive ,christian ,dogma1 #eda-l4 ,augustin held that every visible thing was superintended by ,angelic power1 #fga-l4 ,augustine1 ,bishop of ,hippo1 speaks of the sublime mysteries of ,christianity1 #edf-u4 ,augustine1 ,st41 on the ,christian religion before ,christ1 #bfb-m4 ,augustine1 the ,saint1 defines the faith given to ,novices1 #edg-l4 ,auir ,kadmon1 the ,primal ,space1 effected by retraction1 #gdi-l4 ,a4,u4,m41 the three-lettered name of ,deity among the ,hindus1 #fcb-l4 ,aum1 if pronounced1 would make the earth tremble and ,angels quake1 #fbj-m4 ,aum1 meaning of the ,hindu sacred word1 #hb-m4 ,aum of the ,hindoos1 whose name was unpronounceable1 #ehd-l4 ,aum only pronounced by its letters2 meaning of the word1 #fbj-m4 ,aum1 represented by mystic character1 #hb-m4 ,aum represented the three ,powers combined in the ,deity of ,hindus1 #fbj-m4 ,aum1 the ,indian ,sacred ,name of the ,one ,deity2 manifested as1 #bje-u4 ,aupin1 ,arik1 or ,macroprosopos2 ,aupin ,seir1 or ,microprosopos1 #gii-m4 ,aur1 ,light1 the name of the light of the ,vestige of ,ainsoph1 #gej-m4 ,aur1 the ,substance out of which ,light flows2 the fire relative to heat1 #gdj-m4 ,aurelius1 ,marcus1 taught that the heavens and spheres were part of the ,universal ,soul1 #ffi-m4 ,authority is the equilibrium of ,liberty and ,power1 #hde-u4 ,autumnal ,equinox a period of general mourning because of--1 #ehh-l4 ,autumnal ,equinox brought harvest and falling leaves1 #ddd-l4 ,autumnal ,equinox1 reason for celebrating ,mysteries at the1 #djd-l4 ,autumnal ,equinox1 reasons for celebrating ,mysteries at the1 #dia-m4 ,ayen ,soph1 ,infinite before any emanation1 a ,kabalistie term for ,deity1 #gde-l4 ,azes1 ,genii from the marriage of ,heaven and ,earth1 #feh-m4 ,aziluth2 ,deity first restored the universality of the seven ,kings of the ,world1 #gig-u4 ,aziluth1 emanation or the system of emanants1 from ,atsil1 #gdf-l4 ,aziluth means specifically the first system of the four worlds or systems1 #gdf-l4 ,aziluth1 the ,divine ,world of the ,sephiroth ,theology1 #ii-m4 ,aziluth1 the world within the ,deity1 #eeb-u4 ,azoth composed of ,sulphur1 ,mercury1 ,salt1 #ggc-l4 ,azoth1 fecundated by intellectual energy1 ,master of ,absolute ,matter1 #ggh-m4 ,azoth1 the ,astral ,light1 magnetism understood by the ancients1 #gia-u4 ,azoth1 the universal magnetic force1 the light of life1 the magical agent1 #ggh-m4 ,azot1 of the ,alchemists1 corresponds to the ,hebrew ,tetragram1 #gcb-m4 ,azoth1 a treatise in the ,materia ,prima of ,valentinus1 #afac1 #hej-m4 ,b ,b is the passive1 ,a the active2 ,unity is ,boaz2 the ,binary is ,jachin1 #ggb-u4 ,baal or ,bal signifies ,lord and ,master1 #eia-u4 ,babylon1 a great1 live serpent worshipped by the people of1 #ejj-u4 ,babylon1 images of serpents at ,temple of ,bel in1 #dii-l4 ,bacchus led by a ,lamb1 or ,ram1 to ,springs1 etc1 #dff-m4 ,bacon gave philosophy a definite aim and method1 #gaj-l4 ,bactria1 the doctrines of ,zoroaster came originally from1 #beh-l4 ,bad ,principle represented by the number five1 #fcj-u4 ,babylonish ,god1 ,bal1 the ,power of heat1 life1 generation1 #eij-l4 ,babys1 a power set up as an adversary of ,osiris1 #ehh-u4 ,bagha1 the ,felicitous1 a ,vedic ,sun ,god1 #fjb-l4 ,bainah and ,hakemah1 ,intelligence1 ,wisdom1 the second ,sephiroth1 #eeb-u4 ,bainah1 ,mother1 the passive capacity from which the ,intelligence flows1 #eeb-m4 ,bakchic initiation1 emblems of generation principal symbol at the1 #dba-m4 ,bakchic initiation1 raw flesh ate by the initiate at a1 #dba-u4 ,bakchos1 at initiation1 sufferings1 death1 resurrection1 represented1 #dba-u4 ,bakchos' cup between ,cancer and ,leo1 a symbol1 #dch-m4 ,bakehos1 or ,bacchus1 the ,sun1 adored in ,thrace as ,saba ,zeus1 #daj-l4 ,bakchos1 slain by ,titans1 went to ,hell2 restored to life1 #djf-l4 ,bal1 one of the ,gods of ,syria1 ,assyria1 ,chaldea1 etc1 #eij-l4 ,bal or ,bala1 applied to ,deity1 represents1 #bjh-m4 ,bal1 seated on a ,bull1 with the ,sun for symbol1 was the ,power of ,life1 #eij-l4 ,bal1 the ,supreme ,deity of the ,moabites1 ,amonites1 ,carthagenians1 #eia-u4 ,balance and the human form the pattern of the world of restitution1 #gid-l4 ,balance1 equilibrium the mystery of the1 #cje-u4 ,balance1 everything in the ,universe proceeds by the mystery of the1 #cje-u4 ,balance1 explanation of the ,soul losing its felicity by means of the1 #dij-l4 ,balance had ,gedulah on one side1 ,geburah on the other1 ,tepharet over1 #geg-m4 ,balance had ,hakemah on one side1 ,binah on the other1 ,kether over1 #geg-m4 ,balance has the ,sephiroth arranged around it1 #gfb-l4 ,balance held by ,absolute ,reason1 above the male and female on each side1 is the primary idea of things1 #gfi-l4 ,balance instituted that judgments might be restored and not die1 #gih-m4 ,balance1 symbol of all ,equilibrium1 taught the definition of ,masonry1 #hed-m4 ,balance1 the symbol of the male and female person1 #geg-m4 ,balance1 the symbol of the person into whose form the ,sephiroth were changed1 #geg-m4 ,balance2 the root above is represented by the needle of the1 #gih-m4 ,balance2 the ,royal ,secret is what the ,sohar calls the ,mystery of the1 #heh-l4 ,balance used to explain the ,ternary1 #gfi-l4 ,balder killed by ,lok1 ,evil ,principle1 in the ,mysteries of the ,druids1 #dcj-m4 ,balder1 torn to pieces by ,hother1 lamented by the ,scandinavians1 #eie-u4 ,balder's body placed in a boat by ,lok and set adrift on the water1 #dcj-m4 ,ballot for membership1 objection sufficient to exclude1 #aba-m4 ,banners of ,royal ,arch ,degree represent ,constellations1 #dji-l4 ,baphomet adored as an idol by the ,templars is an absurdity1 #hah-l4 ,baphomet of the ,temple1 representing ,sulphur1 or a goat's head1 #ggi-l4 ,baphomet1 the hieroglyphic figure representing the universal agent1 #gcd-m4 ,baptist1 religious systems approximating in the time of ,john the1 #bdg-m1 ,baptism1 a symbol of purification1 #ech-l4 ,baptism among the ,gnostics refers to the ,name ,hidden1 #efa-l4 ,baptism as a sacred rite applied for by ,christ1 #bfb-u4 ,baptism1 ,christos united to the ,eon ,jesus by1 #efj-m4 ,baptism is a preparatory symbol preceding death1 #cib-l4 ,baptism of ,john the original rite1 #bfc-u4 ,baptism1 one of the important ,gnostic ceremonies1 #edb-l4 ,bardesanes doctrines explained1 #eec-m4 ,bardesanes1 the ,syrian ,christians embraced the doctrines of1 #eec-m4 ,bardesanes1 the ,syrian ,christian1 quoting from his ,book of the ,laws1 #heg-l4 ,barruel1 ,abbe1 ,memoirs for the ,history of ,jacobinism1 #di-l4 ,base habit to defame a worthy man1 #ccg-m4 ,basilidean ceremonies were varied and somewhat fantastic1 #edc-u4 ,basilideans1 a ,christian sect1 practiced ,mysteries1 #edb-m4 ,basilideans celebrated ,jan4 #aj1 date of ,christ's baptism in the ,jordan1 #edc-u4 ,basilideans gave talismans to every candidate1 #edb-m4 ,basilides1 conception of ,god by1 #bga-u4 ,basilides doctrines embraced #cfe emanations1 #eed-u4 ,basilides1 personified attributes of ,god in the theory of1 #bga-m4 ,basilides1 the ,christian ,gnostic1 taught the seven emanation idea1 #eec-l4 ,basilik1 the royal ensign of the ,pharaohs1 #dac-u4 ,basil1 ,bishop of ,caesarea1 speaks of the secrecy of the early ,christian ,mysteries1 #ede-m4 ,base of a right angle triangle represents ,deity and the ,divine1 #hfa-m4 ,base of the right angle triangle is ,female1 #ghi-m4 ,bases of true religious faith1 of philosophical truth1 metallic transmutation1 #ggf-l4 ,basic ideas at the foundation of the great ,religious ,orders1 #hae-m4 ,basis of true ,brotherhood2 its duties and obligations1 #hef-l--#heg-m4 ,battery of #hth ,degree1 allusion to1 #acg-u4 ,bathing seven times in the sea1 symbolism of1 #dca-l4 ,battle between our spiritual and material natures the greatest1 #hed-u4 ,battle of life2 greatest glory won in the conflict between our own natures in the1 #hed-u4 ,beacon on the mountain top represented the ,persian divinity1 #eib-m4 ,beauty and ,harmony represented by ,vau1 #gii-m4 ,beauty is harmonious proportions in forms1 #hde-u4 ,beauty of natural phenomena1 #bdd-l4 ,beauty1 or the ,divine ,harmony1 the ,eternal ,law1 a side of the ,masonic triangle1 #hbf-m4 ,beauty or ,harmony produced by the equilibrium of ,justice and ,mercy1 #hei-m4 ,beauty or ,harmony the result of the ,divine ,will limited by the ,divine ,wisdom1 #hdf-l4 ,beauty represented by the ,junior ,warden of a ,lodge1 #g-l4 ,beauty represented in the ,kabalah by green and yellow1 #bfg-l4 ,beauty results from the equilibrium of ,good and ,evil1 #ghb-m4 ,beauty1 ,severity1 ,benignity are ,fathers proceeding from the ,father of ,fathers1 #gid-l4 ,beauty1 the column which supports the world2 that of ,junior ,warden1 #hjj-u4 ,beautiful1 in the ,absolute1 emanates from ,god1 #gjb-l4 ,beautiful lives are the accurate ones1 #hde-u4 ,beautiful should be just2 everything just is beautiful1 #hde-u4 ,beautiful things refer themselves to ,absolute ,beauty1 #gjb-m4 ,beethos and ,his ,thought made ,wisdom fruitful by ,divine ,light1 #efc-u4 ,beethos ,profundity1 ,source of ,light and ,adam-,kadmon1 #efb-l4 ,beginning of things was a single ,god who created matter1 #fji-l4 ,beginning1 the ,word is1 was1 will be in the1 #cbc-l4 ,being and ,existence1 modes of1 balance each other1 #ih-u4 ,being1 ,existence1 is by itself2 reason of ,being is ,being itself1 #ig-l4 ,being from whom emanates the ,true1 ,beautiful1 ,good1 is triple and one1 #gjb-l4 ,being2 how the mind may receive intuition of the ,absolute1 #bhe-u4 ,being is ,being the first ,principle1 #cbb-u4 ,being1 ,philosophy of1 #ih-m4 ,being3 ,vedanta and ,nyaya philosophers acknowledge a ,supreme1 #fjg-u4 ,being's phenomena ought to be explained by ,occult ,philosophy1 #hbb-u4 ,bel of the ,chaldeans is a personification of the ,sun1 #eid-u4 ,bel1 symbol of the ,sun1 #gg-m4 ,bel1 the ,assyrian and ,chaldean name for the ,sun ,god1 #ehg-u4 ,bela1 one of the ,celtic deities upon the ancient monuments1 #eia-u4 ,belief concerning spiritual and material existence1 #bcb-u4 ,belief1 essential1 of a ,perfect ,elu1 #bcc-u ,belief in a future existence from a desire to remedy injustices of this1 #hcj-l4 ,belief in ,deity and ,immortality a natural feeling1 #eag-u4 ,belief in ,divinity in danger because of misinterpretation1 #feb-m4 ,belief in ,god's benevolence1 wisdom1 justice1 a part of ,masonic ,creed1 #eca-u4 ,belief in ,nature as all sufficient not real ,atheism1 #fdd-u4 ,belief in the ,father of ,all1 ,masonry wisely requires a2 why1 #aff-l4 ,belief of a ,mason regarding pain and suffering1 #bbh--bbi-u4 ,belief of ,masonry1 #bbj-l4 ,belief of the ,patriarchs did not exclude symbolic representations1 #eab-m4 ,belief1 result of rejection of moral and religious1 #aig-m4 ,belief without understanding applied to the ,word of a ,master1 #fig-m4 ,beliefs of the ,templar ,chiefs indicated by hints and symbols of ,masonic degrees1 #hai-u4 ,beliefs must be separated from our certainties1 #ggf-u4 ,bellerophon fights with the ,chimera1 #dii-m4 ,belin or ,belinus3 ,gauls worshipped the ,sun under the name of1 #eia-u4 ,benares temple represents ,surya drawn by a horse with twelve heads1 #ehg-u4 ,benedict1 the ,fourteenth ,pope1 renewed ,bull of ,clement the ,twelfth1 #ej-m4 ,benefits of the ,great ,work to the ,soul and to the ,body1 #ghe-u4 ,benefactor must look for apathy in those he benefits1 #cag-u4 ,benefactors enjoy reward hereafter1 #agb-u4 ,benefactors1 to do all1 be hindred1 have others reap reward the lot of1 #bch-u4 ,beneficent operations are slow2 those destructive are rapid1 #cag-m4 ,benignity or ,mercy of ,god1 the ,male1 #hdf-u4 ,benignity poured into the ,autocracy of ,deity determines the continuance of the ,universe1 #gfi-m ,benignity tempering ,justice enabled ,deity to create1 #gfi-u ,berne1 ,masons in #agdc proscribed by the council of1 #ej-m ,beth ,alohim states that before ,god formed a conception he was alone1 #geb-u4 ,beth is the woman2 ,aleph1 the man2 ,one the ,principle2 two the ,word1 #gga-l4 ,bible added to a point within a circle1 vapid interpretation of the1 #aje-m4 ,bible1 doctrines of1 clothed in language fitting the understanding of the rude1 #bbd-l4 ,bible expresses incompletely the religious science of the ,hebrews1 #gdd-l4 ,bible1 ,holy1 one of ,great ,lights2 part of the furniture of the ,lodge1 #aa-m4 ,bible speaks of ,deity as ,light2 also the ,isabeans and ,kabalists1 #gci-l4 ,binah and ,hakemah denoted by ,he1 ,yod1 #gih-m4 ,binah and ,hakemah1 the two lobes of the brain of ,adam ,kadmon1 #geh-m4 ,binah1 by ,hakemah's energy and the second ,yod1 projected the seven ,sephiroth1 #gef-l4 ,binah conjoins with ,hakemah and shines within ,him1 #gfc-l4 ,binah1 female1 placed itself on the left side of ,hakemah1 #gef-l4 ,binah1 illuminated within ,hakemah by a second ,yod1 issued forth1 #gef-m4 ,binah in conjunction with ,hakemah conceives and the outflow is ,truth1 #gfc-l4 ,binah1 ,in formatio1 existent in the ,corona of the ,world of ,emanation1 #geh-u4 ,binah is a person and termed ,mother1 ,imma1 #gii-m4 ,binah is imbued by ,wisdom with a luminous influence1 #gic-u4 ,binah is the lower apex of the three ,yods composing the ,yod1 #gfc-m4 ,binah is the productive intellectual capacity which is to produce the ,thought1 ,daath1 #geh-m4 ,binah1 ,kabalistic meaning of1 #bjb-l4 ,binah produced the seven ,kings all together1 #gif-l4 ,binah represents or is1 the ,eagle1 #gih-m4 ,binah1 the ,mother1 ,hakemah1 the ,father1 in equilibrium as male and female1 #gfc-m4 ,binah1 the ,mother1 quantitatively equal to ,hakemah1 #gfc-u4 ,binah1 ,understanding1 sends all things into the worlds of--1 #gec4 ,binah's seven sons were perfect rigors not connected with a root in the ,holy1 #gie-l4 ,binah's sons placed in equilibrium when ,wisdom was conformed ,male and ,female1 #gif-u4 ,binary1 a measure of ,unity1 #gga-l4 ,binary become ,unity by conjunction of ,generative ,power and ,productive ,capacity1 #ggb-m4 ,binary is ,jachin2 ,unity is ,boaz1 #ggb-u4 ,binary is ,unity multiplying itself by itself to create1 #gga-m4 ,binary manifests ,unity2 ,unity itself and the idea of ,unity are two1 #gga-u4 ,binary number stands for everything false1 double1 #fcj-m4 ,binary number1 two1 expresses the contraries in nature1 #fcj-m4 ,binary1 the generator of ,society and law1 the number of the ,gnosis1 #gga-m4 ,birth of ,mithras celebrated on ,dec4 #beth1 #djf-l4 ,black ,eagle1 the ,king of ,birds1 can fire the ,sun1 #ghg-u4 ,black of the nature of the ,evil ,principle1 or ,darkness1 #ffb-m4 ,blazing ,star a symbol of ,sirius1 #dhf-l4 ,blazing ,star an emblem of ,prudence1 ,omniscience1 ,all ,seeing ,eye1 #ejf-u4 ,blazing ,star an emblem of the ,sun to our ancient ,english brethren1 #ejf-u4 ,blazing ,star 7an ,ornament of a ,lodge71 symbolism of the1 #ae4 ,blazing ,star announces the birth of the ,sun1 #ghg-u4 ,blazing ,star1 emblem of the ,divine ,truth1 #acf-m4 ,blazing ,star of ,truth formed by ,faith above ,reason resting on ,revelation1 #hda-m4 ,blazing ,star or an image thereof found in every initiation1 #hdb-u4 ,blazing ,star1 or ,horus1 offspring of ,sun and ,moon1 #ad-u4 ,blazing ,star the sign of the ,grand ,arcanum to the ,magists1 #hdb-u4 ,blazing ,star the sign of the ,quintessence to the ,alchemists1 #hdb-u4 ,blazing ,star the sign of the ,sacred ,pentagram to the ,kabalists1 #hdb-u4 ,blessing1 notwithstanding its evils1 life is a1 #adb-l4 ,blessings of trials1 pain1 sorrow1 will be understood1 #bdj-l4 ,blindness1 misery1 bondage1 symbolized by the condition of candidate1 #fci-u4 ,blows symbolize ,christ's betrayal1 refusal of protection1 condemnation1 #fda-l4 ,blucher1 guided by peasant boy1 saves ,wellington from rout1 #db-m4 ,blue ,masonry1 mistaken explanation of symbol of the weeping virgin in1 #cgi-u4 ,boaz and ,jachin explain the mysteries of natural antagonisms1 #ggb-u4 ,boaz and ,jachin1 parallel lines1 point in circle1 represent ,solstices1 #ejf-u4 ,boaz and ,jachin1 symbols of the bi-sexuality of the ,ineffable ,name1 #hdi-m4 ,boaz has set on it the terrestrial globe1 a symbol of our material part1 #hfj-m4 ,boaz is ,unity2 the ,binary is ,jachin1 #ggb-u4 ,boaz1 name of the column at the left of the entrance2 meaning of1 #i-l4 ,boaz1 one column of the ,temple of ,wisdom1 represents the ,passive1 #hfj-m4 ,boaz1 referred to symbolically1 #bjb-l4 ,boaz represents ,glory1 one of the ,sephiroth of the ,kabalah1 #bfg-l4 ,boaz1 the eighth ,sephiroth1 is ,splendor or ,perfection of the ,deity1 #gcf-l4 ,bodies animated by a portion of ,god's own being1 #fji-l4 ,bodies return to the elements--a perpetual ,genesis1 #edj-u4 ,body3 ,doketes believed that ,christ took upon ,himself only the appearance of a1 #efd-m4 ,body1 ,soul and ,spirit the ,hermetic ,triad1 #gib-m4 ,body's universal medicine is the ,quintessence1 a combination of light and gold1 #ggc-m4 ,bohemian ,thot corresponds to the ,hebrew ,tetragram1 #gcb-m4 ,bolingbroke1 ,lord1 activity and usefulness in retirement1 #ci-l4 ,bootes is the great ,star1 ,arcturus1 #ded-m4 ,bootes plays a leading part in ,landseer's ,osirian legend1 #dhc-dhg4 ,bona ,dea1 the name of the ,mysteries of ,rome1 #fbe-u4 ,border around the columns of the lodge1 symbolism of the1 #bji-m4 ,borsippa1 seven stages of the pyramid of1 #bcc-m4 ,borsippa3 the pyramid of ,bel at ,babylon contained seven spheres of1 #gbi-u4 ,bounds set to the scope of our human reason by ,deity1 #heb-m4 ,boundehesch1 an ancient sacred writing concerning ,zoroastrianism #fab-u4 ,bourbon dynasty runs out with ,bomba1 #di-u4 ,brahm1 ,source of all1 ,very ,god1 without sex or name1 #hdi-l4 ,brahma1 as incarnate ,intelligence1 communicated knowledge to man1 #fjd-u4 ,brahma1 having created the ,universe1 was absorbed in the ,supreme ,spirit1 #fjh-l4 ,brahma of the ,hindus1 a personification of the ,sun1 #eid-u4 ,brahma shared the corruption of an inferior nature1 #fjc-l4 ,brahma1 the creating agent of the ,veda1 interwoven with the ,universe1 #fjc-l4 ,brahma1 the creating power of the ,hindu ,trinity1 #eej-m4 ,brahma1 the divine male1 produced from that which is1 #fjh-l4 ,brahmins expressed the ,active and ,passive idea1 by a statue1 of both sexes1 #fef-u4 ,brahmins' ,trinity the oldest1 ,brahma1 ,vishnu1 ,siva1 #eej-m4 ,brain of ,microprosopos produced by ,love impregnating ,rigor1 #gif-u4 ,bramah1 symbol of ,sun1 #gg-m4 ,bramah1 ,vishnu1 ,seeva1 manifestations of the ,one ,deity1 #bje-u4 ,brazen ,sea1 a symbol of purification before we can contemplate the ,flaming ,star1 #ghb-m4 ,brazen sea1 description and symbolism1 #daj-l4 ,brazen ,serpent1 ,nakhustan1 a token of healing power1 #dig-u4 ,breath of ,life1 vitality1 perishes with the mortal frame1 #heb-m4 ,brehm1 similar to ,athom and ,aum1 was the ,supreme ,god1 #ehd-l4 ,brehm1 the ,hindu ,supreme ,god1 above ,brahma1 ,vishnu1 ,siva1 #eig-l4 ,briah1 the ,world of ,creation of the ,sephiroth ,theology1 #ii-m4 ,brihim or ,brehm given no emblem or visible sign1 #fje-u4 ,brother a mockery when we malign one another1 or defraud them1 #hjh-u4 ,brother1 characteristics necessary to be a true1 #abb-l4 ,brother discovered by the ,mason in the flame and smoke of battle1 #eg-m4 ,brother1 erring1 to be spoken kindly to1 #acd-u4 ,brother1 praise a2 refrain from disparagement1 #abj-l4 ,brotherhood of man a tendency of ,kabalistic philosophy1 #fbe-l4 ,brotherhood of ,masonry made possible by the ,royal ,secret1 #hfa-l4 ,brotherhood possible only among those who have mutual regard and--1 #hef-l4 ,buddha comprehended the essence of the ,trimurti1 #hb-u4 ,buddha1 meaning of the names of1 #hb-u4 ,buddha or ,fo religion introduced idolatry into ,china1 #fae-l4 ,buddha represented to have been crucified1 #eje-l4 ,buddha1 the first ,masonic legislator1 doctrines of1 #bgg-l4 ,buddha1 the ,gymnosophists came from the religion of1 #bgh-u4 ,buddha to raise all men up to the perfect state1 #fbc-m4 ,buddhist ,crosses and ruins in ,ireland and ,scotland1 #eje-l4 ,buddhist idea was matter subjugating the intelligence1 #beh-l4 ,buddhist ,trinity of ,buddha1 ,dharma1 ,sanga1 signifies--1 #eea-m4 ,buddhists hold that ,sakya of the ,hindus constituted a ,trinity1 #eea-m4 ,buddhists supposed to have reached ,ireland1 #bgh-u4 ,buddhism1 an innovation on an older religion1 #fjb-u4 ,buddhistic doctrines exterminated by ,brahmaism1 #bgh-u4 ,building is slow2 destruction swift--example1 #cbj-m4 ,bull and afterwards the ,ram regarded as the regenerator of ,nature1 #dfe-l4 ,bull carried into ,spain and ,gaul by the ,cimbrians1 #dea-m4 ,bull held sacred by ,hindus1 ,japanese1 ,egyptians1 because--1 #ddh-u4 ,bull2 in the ceremonies1 covered with black crape1 was a golden1 #dgi-l4 ,bull of ,pope ,clement against ,masons1 title and penalties1 #ej-m4 ,bull of ,mithras dies from sting of ,scorpion in ,autumn1 #dff-l4 ,bull1 opening the new year1 breaks with his horn the egg out of which the world is born1 #ddh-u4 ,bull1 or ,taurus1 religious reverence for ,zodiacal ,bull1 #dej-l4 ,bull1 the symbol of ,apis1 #bed-l4 ,bull2 the symbols of the ,sun and ,moon appear on the head1 neck1 back of the1 #dea-l4 ,bulls1 symbolism of1 #djd-daj4 ,burning bush of the ,scriptures1 #bhf-u4 ,burdens of ,government borne by those who reap the benefits1 #agf-u4 ,burials1 eulogies at1 #ahg-m4 ,burke1 members of ,commons left when he rose to speak1 #cg-l4 ,buthos and ,his ,thought made ,wisdom fruitful by ,divine ,light1 #efc-u4 ,c ,cabala1 composition of immaterial man1 according to the1 #eg-l4 ,cabala1 ,tetractys composed of letters of the name of ,deity in the1 #fj-l4 ,cabalistic clavicules1 ,ezekiel and the ,apocalypse1 have occult explanations1 #gca-u4 ,cabalists expressed ,heaven1 the ,tetractys1 the name of ,god1 by number ten1 #eje-u4 ,cabalists expressed the perfect number ten by a ,tau cross1 #eje-u4 ,cabiric1 ,divinities worshipped at ,samothrace1 names of1 #dbf-l4 ,cabiri1 in ,samothrace were celebrated the ,mysteries of1 #djg-u4 ,cabiri1 the seven sons of ,tsadok1 the ,supreme ,god of ,phoenicia1 #gbh-m4 ,cable-tow of man's natural and sinful will1 #fci-u4 ,caduceus borne by ,hermes1 ,mercury1 ,cybele1 ,ogmius the ,celt1 #ejb-l4 ,caduceus of ,hermes represents the ,universal ,seed1 kept a secret1 #gge-u4 ,caduceus originally symbolized the equator and equinoctial ,colure1 #ejc-u4 ,caduceus was a winged wand entwined by two serpents1 #ejb-l4 ,caesar1 ,julius1 reigns because the ablest1 #di-u4 ,caesars follow period of convulsion1 #cj-l4 ,caesars1 no insurrection1 but the exile of ,syene under the1 #dh-u4 ,cagliostro introduced the ,egyptian ,rite of ,masonry1 #hbc-m4 ,cagliostro was the agent of the ,templars and wrote to ,london ,masons1 #hbc-m4 ,cagliostro's seal had three letters on it1 ,l4,p4,d41 #hbc-m4 ,caiaphas1 as bishop1 to be opposed by ,masonry1 #bj-l4 ,cain slew ,abel and peopled the earth with the impious1 #eii-m4 ,calamity1 in ,providence is sought the solution of1 #ahi-m4 ,calendars regulated by rising1 setting1 conjunction of the ,fixed ,stars1 #dfd-u4 ,calf1 ,aaron reproduced the ,bull1 ,apis1 in the ,golden1 #ddh-u4 ,caligula1 horrors of despotism under1 #dg-l1 #bg-u4 ,caligula made his horse a ,consul1 #di-m4 ,call of honor or virtue responded to by the basest and lowest1 #bja-u4 ,cama or ,sita1 slain by ,iswara1 put in the waters in a chest1 #dbh-u4 ,cancer and ,capricorn1 the ,gates of the ,sun were the tropical points of1 #dcg-l4 ,cancer includes the stars ,aselli1 little asses1 device of ,issachar1 #dfa-l4 ,cancer1 the ,crab1 named because ,sun began to retreat southward1 #ddj-u4 ,candelabrum1 golden1 ,,id ,temple2 seven lamps1 #aj-m4 ,candidate first brought to the door in a condition of blindness1 #fci-u4 ,candidate for baptism among ,gnostics repeats formula1 #efa-l4 ,candidate in ,india listened to an apostrophe to the ,god of ,nature1 #cfa-l4 ,candidate in ,india1 neither barefoot nor shod1 made three circuits1 #cfb-u4 ,candidate in ,india1 required to make a vow1 was sprinkled with water1 #cfb-u4 ,candidate in ,indian ,mysteries clothed in a linen garment1 #cfa-l4 ,candidate in ,indian ,mysteries received name1 cross1 level and ,word1 #dbh-m4 ,candidate in ,indian ,mysteries sanctified by the sign of the cross1 #cfa-l4 ,candidate in ,indian ,mysteries slain and raised1 #dbh-u4 ,candidate in ,indian ,mysteries takes three steps at right angles1 #dbh-u4 ,candidate in ,mysteries after initiation became free1 #dba-l4 ,candidate in ,mysteries confined in dark cell three days and nights1 #dba-m4 ,candidate in ,mysteries died1 raised1 witnessed search and discovery1 #dba-m4 ,candidate1 nothing inconsistent to feelings of a gentleman required of1 #cbh-u4 ,candidate obliged to wait for years between the lesser and greater ,mysteries1 #che-l4 ,candidates for ,initiation were required to undergo severe trials1 #che-m4 ,candlestick represented twelve signs through which seven planets run1 #dji-m4 ,candlestick with seven branches1 meaning and symbolism1 #daj-m4 ,capability for better things than we know1 #aib-u4 ,capacity to possess adequate ideas of ,deity limited by our faculties1 #fgd-u4 ,capella announces the commencement of annual revolution of ,sun1 #dfd-m4 ,capella1 ,martianus1 in his hymn to the ,sun1 gives many names1 #ehg-l4 ,capella never sets to the ,egyptians1 #def-m4 ,capet dynasty dwindles out1 #di-u4 ,capricorn represented by the tail of a fish1 ,son of ,neptune1 device of ,zebulon1 #dfa-l4 ,caracalla1 horrors of despotism under1 #dg-l1 #bg-u4 ,caracallas succeed the ,julius ,caesars1 #di-u4 ,carpocrates enunciated a doctrine of existence1 #efb-u4 ,cashmere people worshipped serpents1 #ejj-l4 ,catacombs under ,rome supposed to have been of ,etruscan origin1 #edb-u4 ,catechumens ,mass1 the first of the two of the ,christian ,mysteries1 #eda-l4 ,catechumens1 the second degree of the ,christian ,mysteries1 #eda-l4 ,catechumens were baptized and were instructed in some of the ,dogma1 #eda-l4 ,catholic ,church sacraments found in ,mysteries of ,mithras1 #eda-l4 ,catholic ,temples1 meaning of the serpent surrounding the ,terrestrial ,globe in1 #cgf-m4 ,cause contains in itself what is essential in the effect1 #gjc-u4 ,cause1 inconceivability of a ,great ,first1 #egj-l4 ,cause of ,all divided into the ,active and ,passive1 #fec-l4 ,cause of all given a name and personified1 #fgd-m4 ,cause of all is the ,universe1 an intelligent ,being1 #ffg-l4 ,cause of all that exists is a ,ray of ,light from ,deity1 #bfg-u4 ,cause of all things and the ,causes which flow from ,him compared1 #gfj-u4 ,cause of the ,universe recognized in ,modern ,degrees1 #fbe-m4 ,cause1 the ,universal ,first1 divided into the ,active and ,passive ,causes1 #dja-m4 ,causes of all created things were two--,active and ,passive1 #feg4 ,causes of nature1 the elements as ,passive principles1 #fee-m4 ,causes of nature1 the heavenly bodies as ,active principles1 #fee-m4 ,causes of nature were assigned sexes1 #fee-m4 ,causes1 the ,active and the ,passive1 were two great ,divinities1 #dja-m4 ,cave and the most ancient ,temples symbolize the ,universe1 #bcd-l4 ,cave used in ,mysteries for the reception of candidates1 #dac-m4 ,cebes1 allegorical picture of1 #aja-m4 ,ceiling of lodge1 symbolism of starred1 #bji-m4 ,celebration of ,greek ,mysteries continued nine days1 #dcc-m4 ,celsus objected to the concealed doctrines of the ,christians1 #edd-m4 ,censure upon men's acts often undeserved1 #cce-m4 ,censure of a man often falls heaviest on his family1 #ccf-u4 ,center of the circumference signifies the ,universal ,spirit1 #fbi-m4 ,center of the ,square and ,compass governs successful work1 #ghf-l4 ,centers of ,life1 ,heat1 ,light1 points around which gravitation acts1 #hdc-u4 ,centralization1 free states tend to1 #ea-l4 ,ceremonies of initiation into the ,mysteries of ,mithra1 #dbe4 ,ceremonies of ,masonry have more than one meaning1 #adh-l4 ,ceremonies of the ,mysteries conducted in caverns dimly lighted1 #chc-l4 ,ceres1 at ,autumnal ,equinox was celebrated the ,mysteries of1 #dia-m4 ,ceres isolated by ,jupiter1 #did-u4 ,ceres the name of the religious ,mysteries of ,greece1 #fbe-u4 ,chaermon not warranted in stating that ,egyptians were ,epicureans1 #ffe-m4 ,chain of life from the ,hidden ,deity1 #eee-m4 ,chaldea2 ,abraham carried the orthodox traditions from1 #hdc-l4 ,chaldean name for the ,sun ,god was ,bel1 #ehg-u4 ,chaldean ,triad1 ,bel1 ,orosmades1 ,ahriman1 #edi-u4 ,chaldean ,universals part of the perfect ,generative ,power1 #gdb-m4 ,chaldeans considered ,light divine and thought it a god1 #ehb-u4 ,chalk1 charcoal and a vessel of clay materials for the work of a ,master1 #edh-m4 ,chance and ,necessity giving way to ,law permits man to be morally free1 #fie-m4 ,chance1 coupled with ,free ,will1 or ,necessity coupled with ,law1 #fid-l4 ,chance1 ,god1 ,intelligence1 undistinguishable by ,menander1 #fid-m4 ,chance is ,law unacknowledged1 #fia-m4 ,chance or accident absent in the plan of the ,universe1 #gfh-m4 ,chandos1 ,sir ,john1 might give his hand to a true ,knight1 #hjh-u4 ,changes in nations and the earth proceed slowly and continuously1 #ij-m4 ,chang-ti1 the name of the ,hindu ,god1 ,sakya1 given by the ,chinese1 #eea-m4 ,chang-ti is the ,universal ,principle of ,existence1 #faf-m4 ,chang-ti1 or ,xam-ti1 the ,chinese ,sovereign ,lord of the ,world1 #faf-u4 ,chang-ti represented by the firmament1 ,sun1 ,moon1 ,earth1 #faf-m4 ,chang-ti1 the ,supreme ,lord or ,being of the old ,chinese creed1 #fae-u4 ,chaos means universal matter1 formless1 but susceptible of forms1 #ghc-m4 ,chaos1 moved by ,sophia-,aohamoth1 who produced the ,demiourgos1 #efc-m4 ,chaos perfected by ,god1 nature1 art1 #ghc-u4 ,chaos represented by a dark circle1 #ghb-l4 ,character1 moral and mental1 is the habit of our minds1 #baf-u4 ,characteristic of a ,mason1 sympathy is the great distinguishing1 #agf-m4 ,characteristics1 prototype found in lower animals of man's moral1 #gf-u4 ,chariot whose wheels are ,netsach and ,hod1 is described1 #gih-l4 ,charlemagne reigns because the ablest1 #di-u4 ,charity1 a great moral ,force1 makes united effort possible1 #ia-m4 ,charity1 channel through which ,god passes his mercy1 #adg-l4 ,charity1 ,clemency1 ,generosity1 essential qualities of a ,knight1 #hjc-u4 ,charity for others like ourselves lighted by a ray of ,divine ,intelligence1 #hfa-u4 ,charity in its broadest sense an obligation1 seventh ,truth of ,masonry1 #ecf-u4 ,charity known1 described1 practiced by antiquity1 #gjd-l4 ,charity1 opposed to luxury1 represented by ,venus1 #gbg-l4 ,charity presupposes ,justice1 #gje-u4 ,charity1 the supreme virtue of man1 must be possessed by ,god1 #gjd-m4 ,charity towards the faults of men a part of the ,masonic ,creed1 #eca-u4 ,charity's first feature is goodness2 its loftiest one is heroism1 #gje-u4 ,charles the ,sixth1 the lunatic1 follows the ,charlemagnes1 #di-u4 ,chastisements by ,god are for our profit1 #gah-u4 ,chemistry analyses the constituents1 but can not explain life1 #ebf-ebg4 ,cherub-,metatron one of the ,chiefs of the ,angels in the ,kabalah1 #ghd-l4 ,cherub1 or ,bull1 at the ,edenic gate is a ,sphinx2 symbolism of the1 #gbh-u4 ,cherubim represents the two hemispheres1 etc41 symbolism1 #dji-l4 ,cherubim set by ,solomon represented the ,celestial ,bull1 #ddh-u4 ,chest or ,ark1 the body of ,osiris placed by ,typhon in a1 #cgg-l4 ,chief of the ,tabernacle1 first one of the degrees of the ,mysteries1 moral lesson of1 #cgj-u4 ,chief of the ,tabernacle1 #bc;d ,degree1 #ceb-u4 ,children of tender years received into the ,mysteries of ,samothrace1 #dbg-m4 ,china1 the ,dragon was the stamp and symbol of royalty in1 #ejj-l4 ,chinese based their philosophy on one and two lines1 #fcj-l4 ,chinese built ,temples to ,heaven and ,earth1 genii1 dragon1 etc1 #dei-l4 ,chinese contribution to ,gnosticism2 saying of ,lao-,tseu1 #bei-u4 ,chinese1 controlled by reason1 did not become idolaters until after ,confucius1 #fae-l4 ,chinese creed declares ,chang-ti is the principle of everything that exists1 #fae-u4 ,chinese ,emperor sacrificed a ,lamb in the palace of four buildings1 #dfb-m ,chinese ,ethics twenty-four centuries ago1 #afi-l4 ,chinese ,fo-,hi contains the ,true name of ,deity1 #gjb-u4 ,chinese had no false gods1 but observed a pure worship of ,god1 #fae-l4 ,chinese have a ,temple called the ,palace of the ,horned ,bull1 #dej-m4 ,chinese invented writing within four generations after the flood1 #fja-u4 ,chinese ,mysteries came from ,india1 similar rites1 #dbi-m4 ,chinese palace whose four gates looked towards the four corners1 #dfb-m4 ,chinese preserved the primitive revelation longer than other nations1 #fjj-l4 ,chinese ,sabeans represented the ,supreme ,deity as composed of three1 #eea-l4 ,chinese sacred book says the ,great ,principle produced ,yn and ,yang1 #fcj-l4 ,chinese symbolized the world by a ring between two serpents1 #dif-l4 ,chinese ,trinity1 ,chang-ti1 ,tien1 ,tao2 explanation of creation1 #eea-l4 ,chinese1 under their third emperor1 erected a ,temple to the ,great ,architect of the ,universe1 #fae-l4 ,chinese were not idolaters until within two centuries of ,christ1 #fae-l4 ,chivalric degrees co-operate with those that teach lessons of morality1 #hac-l4 ,chivalric degrees represented by--1 #bjb-u4 ,chivalric ,degrees urge the victory of the spiritual over the material1 #hef-m4 ,chivalric principles1 as in former days the world needs the exercise of1 #egh-m4 ,chivalry1 a ,spaniard said1 is a religious ,order1 and there are ,knights in ,heaven1 #hjh-m4 ,chochmah1 ,kabalistic meaning of1 #bjb-l4 ,chopinel1 or ,jean de ,meung1 flourished at the court of ,philip ,le ,bel1 #hbc-u4 ,chrishna assumes human form1 still is ,divine1 #fjc-m4 ,chrishna declares the soul never was non-existent1 #eah-u4 ,chrishna-,govinda1 the ,divine ,shepherd1 ,messenger of ,peace1 #fjc-m4 ,chrishna manifest from age to age as vice prevails over virtue1 #fjc-m4 ,christ a manifestation of ,divinity2 ,divinity under another form1 #efh-u4 ,christ an object of gratitude and veneration to all1 #cjh-l4 ,christ and the ,holy ,spirit produced by ,intelligence1 #efj-u4 ,christ applied for baptism as a sacred rite1 #bfb-u4 ,christ baptized in the river ,jordan on ,jany4 #ajth1 #edc-u4 ,christ1 condition of the world at the coming of1 #cjh-l4 ,christ1 doings and acts of1 #cji-l4 ,christ1 great similarity between doctrines of the ,essenes and those of1 #bfj-l4 ,christ is the expounder of the new ,law of ,love1 #cji-m4 ,christ1 ,john1 ,paul1 spoke in enigmatical language1 #bdi-u4 ,christ1 ,masonry enforces the sublime lessons of1 #bba-m4 ,christ not unfortunate by being nailed to the cross1 #caf-l4 ,christ of the ,apocalypse likened to ,ormuzd1 #bgc-m4 ,christ proclaims a new ,gospel1 a new ,god's ,word1 #cji-u4 ,christ saluted first by the three ,magi2 meaning of the act1 #gca-m4 ,christ sealed the ,gospel of ,love with ,his life1 #caj-m4 ,christ taught a lofty morality1 simple truths--no abstruse theology1 #edj-m4 ,christ taught by symbols and parables1 #cgb-m4 ,christ teaches ,liberty1 ,equality1 ,fraternity1 #cji-u4 ,christ teaches the old ,primitive ,truth uttered once again1 #cji-u4 ,christ1 the ,gnostic ,eon1 never really clothed with a human body1 #eei-l4 ,christ1 the life of ,chrishna similar to that of1 #bgg-m4 ,christ the ,word1 ,only ,begotten1 the ,life1 the ,light1 #eei-m4 ,christ was not crucified according to the ,basilideans1 #eed-u4 ,christ was ,the ,light that lighteth every man that cometh into the ,world1 #gdh-l4 ,christ's advent announced by a ,star in the ,east1 #eaa-m4 ,christ's birthplace resounded with acclamations of the ,hosts1 #eaa-l4 ,christ's commandment to love one another1 #caj-u4 ,christ's for inhabitants would relieve the world of the ills of life1 #gai-m4 ,christ's name less sonorous to some ,gnostics than ,orpheus1 #gcb-u4 ,christ's nativity celebrated on the day ,mithras or ,osiris were found1 #eaa-m4 ,christ's religious teachings the same as that of the ,patriarchs1 #eda-m4 ,christ's teachings bequeathed to man included in our ,masonry1 #caj-m4 ,christ's teachings in the light of the ,rose ,croix ,degree1 #cjh-m4 ,christ's teachings nobler and purer than those of any other moralist1 #gai-gbj-l4 ,christ's unselfish acts should be our emulation and example1 #gbj4 ,christian antiquity did not decide whether the stars were animated beings1 #fga-l4 ,christian ,basilideans practiced ,mysteries of ,egyptian origin1 #edb-u4 ,christian ,fathers quote ,orphic hymn teaching ,unity of ,god1 #dae-u4 ,christian ,initiates divided into ,auditors1 ,catechumens1 ,faithful1 #eda-l4 ,christian interpretation of the ,blue ,degrees1 #fci-u4 ,christian ,lodge must have ,christian ,bible1 #aa-m4 ,christian ,mysteries conferred three degrees on ,initiates1 #eda-l4 ,christian philosophers held that each star contains a part of the ,universal ,soul1 #fga-m4 ,christian ,trinity1 origin of the1 #eeb-m4 ,chrishna's life and doings similar to that of ,christ1 #bgg-m4 ,christianity and ,philosophy mingled under the spirit of toleration1 #bdg-l4 ,christianity at the bottom was love1 #gcj-l4 ,christianity begins from the burning of the false gods by the people themselves1 #dj-u4 ,christianity crushed out the occult philosophy1 #gcj-l4 ,christianity did not discover the love of ,god1 #gjd-l4 ,christianity in its early days taught in ,mysteries1 #eda-m4 ,christianity led astray by substitution of faith for science1 #gcb-u4 ,christianity reveres the ,magi who came to adore the ,saviour1 #hda-l4 ,christianity teaches ,fraternity but not political equality1 #bc-m4 ,christians called ,atheists and put to death as such1 #fdc-l4 ,christians1 contentions among early1 #bfc-m4 ,christians do not explain ,ezekiel or the ,apocalypse1 #gca-u4 ,christians have made the ,solstices feast days of ,st4 ,john1 #eie-m4 ,christians held their ,mysteries in the ,catacombs1 #edb-u4 ,christians1 in ,masonic degrees appear some of the teachings of the early1 #cfi-l4 ,christians2 ,jewish traditions1 ,talmud and pretended history claimed by the ,johannite1 #haf-l4 ,christians of ,syria embraced the doctrines of ,bardesanes1 #eec-m4 ,christians1 peculiarities and characteristics of the early1 #edj-l4 ,christians1 teachings of the early1 #cfi-l4 ,christians1 the primitive truths of the ,egyptians were taught by early1 #cfi-l4 ,christians1 the simple and sublime teachings of ,christ were practiced by the early1 #edj-l4 ,christians took refuge in the ,catacombs when persecuted1 #edb-u4 ,christians worship ,christ more for his ,humanity than for his ,divinity1 #gdc-m4 ,christos and ,wisdom ascended to ,heaven before ,jesus was crucified1 #efc-l4 ,christos1 the title assumed by the ,johannite ,pontiffs1 #hag-u4 ,christos united to the ,eon ,jesus by baptism1 #efj-m4 ,christos with ,sophia-,achamoth redeemed the world1 #efj-m4 ,church and ,throne mutually sustain each other1 #cc-u4 ,church of ,rome1 pretensions and doings of the1 #gd-m4 ,church received new set of symbols to conceal from the profane the ,truth1 #hdj-u4 ,churches not needed but for expressing religious homage1 #baa-l4 ,chrysippus1 a subtile ,stoic1 moved the world by the ,universal ,soul1 #fgj-u4 ,chrysostom1 ,bishop of ,constantinople1 speaks of secrecy of ,mysteries1 #edf-m4 ,cicero claimed that ,initiation made life agreeable and death hopeful1 #cgi-l4 ,cicero declares ,pythagoras thought ,god is the ,universal ,soul1 #ffg-u4 ,cicero held that we expiate below the crimes committed in a prior life1 #cii-m4 ,cicero states that the ,soul must exercise itself in the practice of virtue1 #eba-u4 ,cicero writes and argues for the intelligence of the ,universe1 #fgj-m4 ,ciceronian period referred to1 #dh-m4 ,ciceros in a period of convulsion1 #cj-l4 ,cimbrians carried brazen bull with them into ,spain and ,gaul1 #dej-m4 ,circle a symbol in the ,druidical mysteries1 #cfg-m4 ,circle and ,serpents found in ,persia1 ,china1 ,java1 ,athens1 ,mexico1 #dif-m4 ,circle between two parallel lines connecting them a symbol of--1 #edh-m4 ,circle between two serpents a symbol of the ,world with the ,chinese1 #dif-l4 ,circle enclosing a point between parallel lines1 a ,kabalistic figure1 #aje-m4 ,circle enclosing a point between two parallel lines2 ,bible added1 #aje-m4 ,circle enclosing a point1 parallel lines1 columns1 represent the ,solstices #ejf-u4 ,circle enclosing a point1 two parallel lines and single ,tau gives ,triple ,tau1 #ejc-m4 ,circle equal to the ,square which turns on itself1 #gga-l4 ,circle formed of ,michael1 ,gabriel1 ,uriel1 ,raphael1 different faces and letters1 #gih-m4 ,circle or ring1 supported by two serpents2 explanation of1 #dbi-m4 ,circle representing the ,universe bounded by two parallel lines1 #beb-l4 ,circle1 the ,sohar and the ,kabalists form the mysterious1 #gih-m4 ,circle the special symbol of the first ,sephiroth1 #bfg-l4 ,circles of the ,kabalah divided by a rose cross compose ,dante's ,heaven1 #hbb-l4 ,circles1 ten1 under the mystery of the ten ,sephiroth1 #ged-m4 ,circuits1 explanation of the meaning of the three1 #dbg-l4 ,circuits in #hth ,degree allude to points of fellowship1 #acg-u4 ,circular form of the ,temple at ,thrace1 image of the ,sun in the ,sanctuary1 #daj-l4 ,circular movement of four equal angles around one point2 the quadrature of the circle1 #gga-l4 ,circumstances1 men bring different results from same1 #aib-l4 ,citizenship1 ,masonry tends to create a new1 #bbj-m4 ,city a scene of moral action1 #bdc-l4 ,civilization's evils long tolerated1 #hcg-m4 ,civilizations have risen and perished by despotism or anarchy1 #hdd-m4 ,civilization of ,ethiopia preceded that of ,egypt2 had a theocratic government1 #cfb-m4 ,civilizations1 ,masonry prospers on the decay of ancient1 #cae-m4 ,clarian ,oracle declared that ,iao is the ,great ,god ,supreme1 #fba-u4 ,claudius1 ,caracalla1 ,commodus1 ,caesar1 #c-u4 ,clavicules of ,solomon are lost for ,christians1 #gca-m4 ,clemens and ,philo hold views on symbolism of ,cherubim1 #dji-l4 ,clemens descants on light and baptism1 #eba-l-#ebb-u4 ,clemens of ,alexandria in his ,stromata speaks of the ,mysteries1 #edd-u4 ,clemens of ,alexandria refers to the seven lamps of the candelabrum1 #aj-m4 ,clemens of ,alexandria says of the ,mysteries1 ,here ends all instruction1 #cgc-u4 ,clemens refers to the early church and ,mysteries1 #edc4 ,clemens refers to the emblems and symbols of the ,temple1 #djh-l4 ,clement the ,fifth howls at the ,templars through later excommunications1 #had-l4 ,clement1 #abth ,pope1 issued a ,bull against ,masonry in #agch1 #ej-m4 ,cleanthes1 a disciple of ,zeno1 regarded the ,universe as the ,great ,cause1 #fgj-u4 ,co-existence of the principle of generation in another and in itself1 #fed-m4 ,cognition1 a priori and a posteriori explained by ,malakoth behind ,seir ,aupin1 #gii-l4 ,coins1 medals and seals contained the ,zodiac and signs1 #dfb-l4 ,cold1 like absence of motion1 characteristic of death1 #ffd-l4 ,colors1 analogy in the moral and intellectual world of the1 #cbb-m4 ,colors and symbolism of the furniture and vestments of the ,temple1 #dji4 ,colors in the ,light only exist by the presence of the shadow1 #hdh-u4 ,colors of rainbow1 three principal1 seven by mixture1 #eg-l4 ,column1 broken1 #ag-u4 ,column in form of a cross with circle over it measured the waters of the ,nile1 #ejc-m4 ,column of the ,junior ,warden symbolizes ,tephareth1 #hjj-u4 ,columns at entrance to the ,temple1 explanation of the meaning of1 #cje-m4 ,columns at entrance to the ,temple1 material1 names1 meaning1 #cjd-l4 ,columns at entrance to the ,temple of ,solomon were symbolic1 #cjd-l4 ,columns1 ,boaz and ,jachin1 explain all the mysteries of antagonism1 #ggb-u4 ,columns1 ,jachin and ,boaz1 are symbols of the bi-sexuality of the name1 #hdi-m4 ,columns1 ,jachin and ,boaz1 at the entrance to the ,temple1 #bjb-l4 ,columns1 ,jachin and ,boaz1 represent angels of fire and water1 #bgj-l4 ,columns1 ,jachin and ,boaz1 represent two of the ,sephiroth1 #bfg-l4 ,columns1 ,jachin and ,boaz1 symbolize the equilibrium of ,nature1 #edh-m4 ,columns1 ,jachin and ,boaz1 symbols of faith and trust1 #fda-m4 ,columns1 meaning of ,strength and ,wisdom1 our two1 #beb-l4 ,columns of ,seth1 ,enoch1 ,solomon1 ,hercules1 symbolize the law of ,equilibrium1 #hdc-u4 ,columns of #agth ,degree represent ,spirits of ,fire1 #bgj-l4 ,columns of the ,temple at ,tyre consecrated to the winds and fire1 #daj-l4 ,columns of the ,temple1 ,jachin and ,boaz1 ,sun and ,moon1 #ggf-m4 ,columns of the ,temple that symbolize the ,universe1 #hdh-m4 ,columns1 or lights of a ,lodge1 indicate angles of a right angle triangle1 #hfa-m4 ,columns that support the ,lodge are ,wisdom1 ,power1 ,harmony or ,beauty1 #hfa-m4 ,columns that support the ,lodge stand at the three angles of a triangle1 #fa-m4 ,columns1 two1 customarily surmounted by globes1 #i-m4 ,columns1 two1 imitations of those at ,temple of ,malkarth1 #i-m4 ,columns1 two1 in the porch of the ,temple1 #h-l4 ,columns1 two1 size1 description1 names1 #h-l4 ,commentary of the ,rabbi ,chajun ,vital1 the ,siphra de ,zeniutha1 #gid-m4 ,commentary states that the ,kings died because equilibrium did not yet exist1 #gig-l4 ,commodus1 horrors of despotism under1 #dg-l1 #bg-u4 ,common people1 must learn thoughts of1 #dd-u4 ,communion with ,deity the great desire of man1 #feb-fec4 ,companion originated from ,mithraic ,mysteries1 #dbe-l4 ,compass a symbol of the ,heavens and celestial things1 #hej-m4 ,compass1 an instrument adapted to spherical trigonometry1 #hej-u4 ,compass and ,square rest on the ,scriptures and form the ,star of ,truth1 #hda-m4 ,compass and ,square teaches all that is contained in other symbols1 #hed-l4 ,compass1 deals with spherical trigonometry1 #aa-l4 ,compass1 emblem of what concerns the heavens and the soul1 #aa-l4 ,compass held in the hand on the female side of the ,hermetic figure1 #hej-m4 ,compass is the ,hermetic symbol of the ,creative ,deity1 #hea-m4 ,compass of ,faith is above the ,square of ,reason1 #hda-m4 ,compass of ,science in connection with the ,celestial ,triangle forms ,solomon's ,star1 #hda-u4 ,compass points beneath the ,square for the ,apprentice1 #hed-l4 ,compass points for the ,fellow ,craft1 one above1 one below1 #hed-l4 ,compass points1 for the ,master1 both dominant1 #hed-l4 ,compass1 points of1 under ,square2 symbolism of1 #ab-u4 ,compass represents the spiritual1 intellectual1 moral nature of the double ,humanity1 #hea-l4 ,compass surmounted by a crown signifies--1 #bia-m4 ,compensation for seeing injustices hard to reconcile1 #hbi-u4 ,composite order of architecture is emblematic of--1 #bjb-u4 ,compounds have movement1 sensation1 nutriment1 subsistence1 #ghd-m4 ,comprehension of the consistency and harmoniousness of the ,kabalah1 #hdc-l4 ,compression of the removed ,primal ,light into ,points1 #gdh-l4 ,compressions in their relation to ,creation1 #gdh-l4 ,concealed doctrine1 common to all1 found in the ancient dogmas1 #gbi-l4 ,conception of the base of philosophy long in development1 #fgd-m4 ,conception of ,deity corresponds to man's moral and intellectual attainments1 #fej-m4 ,conception of ,god arrived at by a study of our own souls1 #gjc-l4 ,conception of ,god impossible except as ,he manifests ,himself1 #geb-m4 ,conception of infinity impossible2 or of immateriality1 #egj4 ,conception of ourselves as a limited ,being leads to ,god as a limitless one1 #gjc-l4 ,conception precedes the entering of the ,soul into the embryo1 #gee-l4 ,conceptions of ,god are idolatrous in so far as they are imperfect1 #eaf-l4 ,condorcet1 through the ages will ring the words of1 #dc-u4 ,conflagration of the funeral of ,hercules the setting of the ,sun in glory1 #eib-m4 ,conflict between ,good and ,evil1 #ffj-ffd4 ,conflict between ,good and ,evil continual in ,soul of ,man1 #dgd-l4 ,conflict between the ,divine ,principles and the natural1 #eef-l4 ,confidence gives the loftiest character to business1 #ada-l4 ,conformation and constitution effected by means of veiling1 #gie-l4 ,conformations1 seven1 descend and all things become in equilibrium1 #gih-m4 ,confucius1 best doctrines ,chinese were fitted to receive were those of1 #ch-u4 ,confucius defines ,chang-ti and the ,teen1 #faf-m4 ,confucius drew his doctrines from the ,mysteries1 #cgc-u4 ,confucius forbade making images or representations of the ,deity1 #faf-u4 ,confucius1 ,magism was the science of1 #hci-l4 ,confucius1 ,masonry reiterates the maxims of1 #bba-m4 ,confucius1 maxims of1 #afi-l4 ,confucius possessed true ,knowledge of ,deity1 #bjg-l4 ,confucianism did not include idolatry1 #fae-l4 ,confused figure is ,zero1 the emblem of chaos1 #fbi-l4 ,conjunction of the ,generative ,power and ,productive ,capacity necessary for ,creation1 #ggb-m4 ,conjunction of heaven and earth engender all beings1 #fee-l4 ,conjunction of male and female when ,hakemah and ,binah were side by side1 #geg-u4 ,conjunction of the ,will and capacity to produce the ,act of ,thought1 #gff-l4 ,conscience1 a moral faculty1 which enables us to perceive the moral law of justice1 #hcb-u4 ,conscience1 a rule of conduct higher than what we have ever attained1 #hcb-u4 ,conscience faithfully used and developed enables us to learn justice1 #hcb-l4 ,conscience the voice of ,deity1 #bbf-u4 ,consciousness of a thinking soul other than our body a proof of the soul's own existence1 #fgc-m4 ,consciousness of ,god the highest evidence of ,his existence and our existence1 #gji-l4 ,consciousness of many things in us1 #ahi-l4 ,consciousness of mystery beneath the commonplace1 #aij-m4 ,consciousness of self a gift like instinct1 #fgc-l4 ,consciousness of self coexistent with our existence1 #fgc-l4 ,consciousness of the individual reveals itself alone1 #bbb-m4 ,consciousness the only real proof of the verity of certain things1 #cja-l4 ,constantinople ,see hostile to that of ,rome from the time of ,photius1 #hae-l4 ,constantine's ,cross1 #bib-u4 ,constellations and divisions of ,zodiac ,stars1 #dji4 ,constellations1 ,capella1 ,pleiades and others celebrated1 #dff-u4 ,constellations figured on ,mithraic monument at ,rome1 #ejg-l4 ,constitution1 what kind of1 will guarantee liberty1 #baa-m4 ,constitutions of government express the ,passive ,stability of the ,will of the ,past4 #hfj-u4 ,constraint sensed when independence is confined by other natures1 #fie-m4 ,contented spirit a remedy for all the evils in the world1 #add-m4 ,contentedness of ,mason must not be mere contented selfishness1 #adg-m4 ,contest between good and evil concentrated in the breast of man1 #efc-m4 ,contest between ,good and ,evil typified by the course of the ,sun1 #eid-m4 ,contraction of ,deity within ,himself effects a quasi-vacant space1 #gff-u4 ,contraction of ,god at the emanation process termed ,tsemsum1 #gdf-u4 ,contractions in relation to ,creation1 #gdh-gej4 ,contraries in combination causes the harmony of the ,universe1 #ffj-l4 ,contraries in equilibrium and resultant ,harmony taught by the ,ternary1 #gib-,u4 ,contraries in nature represented by the ,binary number1 #fcj-m4 ,contraries1 philosophical meaning of the doctrine of1 #cje-m4 ,contraries1 the second principle of the ,kabalah deals with1 #cje-u4 ,contraries1 the solution of the most difficult problems given by the analogy of1 #cjf-u4 ,contrary forces in the universal equipoise1 #hah-u4 ,coral insects1 formation of ,continents by the slow work of the1 #cah-l4 ,corinthian order of architecture is emblematic of--1 #bjb-u4 ,cornerstone1 a name of the seventh ,king produced by ,binah1 #gif-l4 ,corona1 ,crown1 contained in potence the ten numerations1 #ged-l4 ,corona1 ,kether1 ,the ,head whereof is no cognition1 applied to ,adam ,kadmon1 #geh-u4 ,corpses of ,egyptians duly embalmed were called ,osiris1 #ehh-m4 ,correct ideas of ,deity only obtained by inspiration or philosophy1 #fgd-u4 ,cortices1 the envelopes of the ,philosophers' ,stone1 #ggi-m4 ,corruption1 degeneracy1 falseness of public and private life1 #hjf-m4 ,cosma1 the ,monk1 held that every star was under the guidance of an ,angel1 #fga-l4 ,cosmic force3 ,god felt and known when we reverence the mighty1 #gjg-m4 ,cosmically1 when a star rises or sets simultaneously with the ,sun1 #dga-m4 ,cosmogonic chants of the ,ancients testify to the ideas of the origin of the world1 #fee-u4 ,cosmogonies of ancient nations preserved by different writers1 #fee-u4 ,country1 beauty and glory of1 enhanced by--1 #aef-l4 ,country1 honor of a true ,mason identified with that of his1 #aef-m4 ,country1 human speech must be free in a free1 #ef-m4 ,country in its dotage when the--1 #ef-m4 ,country populous and wealthy1 great problems of1 #agh-agi4 ,country's safety to be preferred to the lives of her enemies1 #hcf-u4 ,course of circuits in ,lodge1 chariots in games1 from ,east to ,west1 #dfd-m4 ,covenant1 the ,triple ,triangle1 the symbol of the ,triple1 #ecc-u4 ,covenants1 explanation of the ,three1 #ecb4 ,cradle of ,gnosticism in ,syria or ,palestine1 #bdi-m4 ,created things born of ,malakoth1 designated in the ,kabalah as female1 #gfi-m4 ,creation a result of the animation of matter by ,divine ,life1 #eef-m4 ,creation according to the ,emech ,hammelech1 #gdg-gdh-gej4 ,creation according to the ,sohar and other ,kabalistic works1 #gdh4 ,creation according to ,zoroaster1 #faa-l4 ,creation as detailed in the ,vedas1 #fji-l4 ,creation begins with the ,divine ,man1 and ends with the ,material ,man1 #gfj-m4 ,creation1 categorical questions concerning1 #fdh4 ,creation claimed by ,ormuzd1 or ,ahura ,mazda1 #fab-u4 ,creation conceived and willed by ,god's ,thought1 #ege-u4 ,creation directly out of the ,divine ,essence through the ,demiurge1 #eeg-m4 ,creation1 forms of1 change1 but the ,universe is eternal1 #cjc-u4 ,creation implies the conjunction of ,generative ,power and ,productive capacity1 #ggb-m4 ,creation1 inscrutable2 mysteries of1 #bae-m4 ,creation is ,mechanism to us2 to the ,ancients it was ,generation1 #gga-l4 ,creation is the habitation of the ,creator-,word1 #ggb-m4 ,creation not by ,god directly1 #bfi-l4 ,creation not only accomplished1 but preserved1 #ege-m4 ,creation not the instant production of things1 #fjg-m4 ,creation of a material ,universe by an immaterial ,deity through agents1 #efh-u4 ,creation of ,man concurred in by ,ormuzd and ,ahriman1 #beh-u4 ,creation of man impossible if ,god's justice alone had reigned1 #hdf-u4 ,creation of ,male and ,female1 #gdi-l4 ,creation of ,power to protect the ,realm of ,light from ,satan's ,eons1 #eff-u4 ,creation of the ,universe ascribed to the ,word1 by ,st4 ,john1 #efh-m4 ,creation of the world by ,judgment explained to mean by fear1 #gif-l4 ,creation of ,universe assigned to ,ihuh-,alhim by a fragment of ,genesis1 #efh-m4 ,creation of the ,world by ,ormuzd and ,ahriman concurrently1 #beh-u4 ,creation of ,worlds according to the ,kabalah1 #bhf-l4 ,creation1 process of1 #bea4 ,creation1 real idea of the ,ancient ,nations concerning1 #ege-u4 ,creation1 reason advanced to account for the1 #fhc-l4 ,creation required the ,infinite to form in ,himself an idea of what ,he willed1 #gff-l4 ,creation represented as a marriage in ,veda1 #fjb-l4 ,creation represented by a triangle because it is the first perfect figure1 #fca-l4 ,creation symbolized by the ,tetragrammaton expressed triangularly1 #fih-l4 ,creation that results from the accord of two forces1 #gij-m4 ,creation1 the first ,entities of ,spirits and ,angels1 the world of1 #gfh-l4 ,creation the result of the accord of ,necessity and ,liberty1 #gij-m4 ,creation the result of the accord of the ,fixed and the ,volatile1 #gij-m4 ,creation1 theories concerning1 #bgj-u4 ,creation through the agency of an intermediary1 #bfi-l4 ,creation1 universal1 is the female of the ,first ,principle1 #ggb-u4 ,creation's act gave ,deity a name1 #hdi-u4 ,creation's first step was providing a vacant space within ,deity1 #gff-u4 ,creation's idea was followed by development and evolution1 #gfg-u4 ,creation's mode concealed by an impenetrable veil1 #heb-m4 ,creation's primary law1 the equipoise of contrary forces1 #hdh-u4 ,creation's principle1 the double law of attraction and radiation1 or of--1 #hdc-u4 ,creation's process sought to be explained in the ,kabala1 #geh-m4 ,creation's ,world embraces the six members contained in ,binah1 #gie-l4 ,creative ,agency of ,heaven developed most fully at the ,vernal ,equinox1 #dgc-u4 ,creative ,agency revealed as the ten emanations or attributes1 #bfg-m4 ,creative ,deity symbolized by the ,compass1 #hea-m4 ,creative energy of the ,soul of the ,world exercised through the medium of the ,sun1 #dgc-m4 ,creative ,power through ,thought produced the ,universe with its ,word1 #bed-m4 ,creative principle the meaning of the personal pronoun ,he1 #fii-u4 ,creative process according to ,menou1 the ,hindu law given1 #fjh4 ,creative process according to the ,sohar2 section of the letter ,yod1 #gej-gea4 ,creative process according to the ,vedas1 #fji-u4 ,creative space illuminated by the ,light of ,wisdom1 #gfb-u4 ,creative ,thoughts of ,god1 ,worlds and ,man the result of the1 #ehb-l4 ,creator becomes so through utterance of ,god's ,thought by the ,word1 #ege-u4 ,creator degraded by sects which lower him to the level of humanity1 #fbd-m4 ,creator hollowed out a pit of shadow1 #ggb-u4 ,creator in triple1 according to ,aurelius2 explanation1 #eej-u4 ,creator made room for ,yod in the plentitude of uncreated ,light1 #ggb-u4 ,creator possesses all the essential attributes of the creature1 #gjc-u4 ,creator produced by emanation an ideal ,yod1 #ggb-u4 ,creator1 the ,principle of ,existence ,himself1 #ggb-u4 ,creator1 the ,word is the1 #bea4 ,creator-,word habits ,creation1 #ggb-m4 ,creature possesses no essential attribute not possessed by ,creator1 #gjc-u4 ,creature worshipped instead of the ,creator1 #ejh-l4 ,creed1 no ,sage believed the popular1 #cjb-m4 ,creed of ,masonry a simple and sublime one1 a universal religion1 #gah-l4 ,creed of ,masonry1 ,belief1 ,hope1 ,charity1 #eca-u4 ,creed1 religious1 political1 masonic1 little influence on conduct1 #ce-l4 ,creed1 ,sages in ,chaldea1 ,egypt1 ,india1 ,china1 had esoteric1 #cjb-m4 ,creeds express an idea calculated to explain the ,mysteries of ,being1 #fej-m4 ,crescent and ,disc symbols of the ,sun and ,moon in conjunction1 #deb-u4 ,crete1 ,dionusos appears as ,iasius or even ,zeus in1 #ehe-m4 ,crete1 ,jupiter ,ammon1 the ,sun in ,arius1 had an initiation at1 #djg-l4 ,crimes of men1 in judgment ,god may consider the temptations1 #acd-l4 ,cromwell reigns because the ablest1 #di-u4 ,cromwells follow period of convulsion1 #cj-l4 ,cross a symbol of ,humility1 patience1 ,self-denial1 #hja-l4 ,cross appropriated to ,thoth or ,mercury in its simple form1 #ejc-u4 ,cross associated with the serpent on ancient monuments1 #ejb4 ,cross assumed an improved form1 the arms became wings1 etc1 #ejc-u4 ,cross1 ,druids built ,temples in the shape of a1 #cfg-m4 ,cross formed of a column with a circle over it measured the ,nile1 #ejc-m4 ,cross has an astronomical origin1 #dhc-m4 ,cross having a rose in its center dividing circles representing ,heaven1 #hbb-l4 ,cross1 in building the ,temples of ,india they imitated the shape of a1 #cfa-l4 ,cross in the shape of the capital letter ,t called the ,tau cross1 #ejc-m4 ,cross in various forms1 #ejb-eje4 ,cross1 initiate in ,druidical ,mysteries marked with a1 #dcj-l4 ,cross like ,teutonic or ,maltese represented the ,tropics and ,colures1 #ejb-l4 ,cross marked on forehead of initiate into ,indian ,mysteries1 #dbh-m4 ,cross of ,light1 a celestial voice was heard over the1 #efg-m4 ,cross of ,light appeared in place of ,jesus crucified1 #efg-m4 ,cross of ,light is called the ,word1 ,christ1 etc41 spoken by a celestial voice1 #efg-m4 ,cross of ,st4 ,andrew seen by several kings the night before a battle was fought1 #hja-l4 ,cross of ,st4 ,andrew seen in the sky before battle by ,hungus1 #hja-m4 ,cross of ,st4 ,andrew worn by the ,picts in war time for their badge1 #hja-m4 ,cross of the ,east the ,kabalistic pantacle adopted by the ,templars1 #haf-m4 ,cross of the philosophers an image of generative power1 for ,masons1 #gga-l4 ,cross surmounted by a circle and crescent an emblem of ,deity1 #ejc-u4 ,cross surmounting a triangle symbolizes the end of the ,great ,work1 #gij-l4 ,cross surmounting two vases1 nature and art1 #ghc-u4 ,cross1 symbol of devotedness and self sacrifice1 taught ,masonry--1 #hed-m4 ,cross1 symbolism of the1 #bij-l4 ,cross1 symbolism of the1 #bia-l4 ,cross symbolized the active and passive power of production1 #ejc-u4 ,cross united to the ,rose the problem proposed by ,high ,initiation1 #hba-l4 ,cross1 various forms and meaning of the1 #bib-u4 ,cross venerated thousands of years before ,christ1 #ejd-m4 ,cross with a serpent on it was an ,egyptian ,standard1 #ejb-m4 ,cross within the circle represents the light antecedent to ,chaos1 #ghb-l4 ,crown called the ,cause of ,causes1 the ,ancient of the ,ancients1 #gee-u4 ,crown1 ,kether1 involves the idea of circularity and is endless1 #gec-u4 ,crown1 ,kether1 termed ,arik ,aupin1 ,macroprosopos1 #gii-m4 ,crown1 ,male and ,female1 within the occult ,wisdom1 is fashioned the ,supreme1 #gfb-l4 ,crown of ,kings opposed by the ,templars at their origin1 #hag-m4 ,crucifixion of the ,light ,principle enfranchised all souls1 #efg-m4 ,crux ,ansata1 a ,tau cross with a circle over it1 means life-giving1 #bij-u4 ,crux ,ansata found at ,khorsabad and the ,assyrian monuments1 #ejc-m4 ,crux ,ansata the form of tether pins for young animals1 #ejb-m4 ,crux ,ansata the peculiar emblem of ,osiris1 #ejd-l4 ,crux ,ansata the symbol of ,royalty to the ,shepherd ,kings1 #ejb-l4 ,crux ,ansata was a ,cross with a coiled serpent above it1 #ejb-m4 ,cube a symbol of faith in things invisible essential to salvation1 #hbg-u4 ,cube1 faces and lines include the sacred numbers1 #e-l4 ,cube of agate supporting triangular plate of gold teaches--1 #bji-u4 ,cube of ,perfection connected with ,taus within two circles1 #ejc-m4 ,cube on a plane surface delineated1 #e-m4 ,cube represents the form of the philosophal stone1 #gcb-u4 ,cube1 symbol of the ,force of the ,people1 expressed as a ,law of the ,state1 #e-l4 ,cube1 symbol of perfection1 #e-l4 ,cube1 the emblem of ,odin1 #dca-u4 ,cube1 the first perfect solid1 teaches justice1 accuracy1 consistency1 #hbg-u4 ,cube1 theological and physical1 represented by the number six1 #fbg-l4 ,cubical ,stone a symbol of the ,grand ,scottish ,master's ,degree1 #gha-l4 ,cubical stone represents the ,hermetic symbol of their ,salt1 #gge-l4 ,cubical stone that sweated blood1 #hbg-u4 ,cup1 or waters of forgetfulness2 symbolism of the1 #dch-m4 ,cup used in the ,mysteries represents the ,constellation ,crater1 #ejf-l4 ,curetes encircled ,zagreus in the ,constellation ,serpent1 #ehe-l4 ,curiosity of this candidate excited by suspense and obstacles1 #che-m4 ,cybele1 ,atys represented the ,sun ,god in the ,phrygian ,mysteries of1 #djg-u4 ,cybele with the ,phrygian ,sun ,god goes to the ,hyperboreans1 #eib-u4 ,cybele worshipped in ,syria under the name of ,rhea1 #dbc-u4 ,cyril1 ,bishop of ,jerusalem1 speaks of the secrecy of the ,christians1 #ede-u4 ,cyril of ,alexandria speaks of the secrecy of the ,mysteries1 #edf-l4 ,d ,daath is the ,act1 the ,thought1 the ,intellection producing the idea1 #gff-l4 ,daath1 the ,intellect flowing from ,hakemah and ,binah1 #eeb-m4 ,daath1 the result of the conjunction of ,hakemah and ,binah1 #geg-l4 ,daath1 the ,word of ,plato and the ,gnostics1 #eeb-m4 ,dagger1 with hilt black and white1 an emblem of light and darkness1 #ejf-m4 ,dagon or ,oannes1 the ,sea ,god1 the ,leviathan overcome by ,jehovah1 #dih-l4 ,damascus1 ,bishop exhibited a ,testament at the battle of1 #ec-m4 ,dan has for device a ,scorpion changed to an ,eagle or ,vulture1 #dfa-m4 ,dante ,alighieri1 the ,ghibellin1 born in #abfe1 #hbb-l4 ,dante applied figures and numbers of the ,kabalah to ,christian ,dogma1 #hbb-m4 ,dante1 ,divine ,comedy of1 sketched in ,plato's time1 #aja-m4 ,dante publicly expounded the symbol of the ,rose ,croix ,adepts1 #hbb-l4 ,dante reascends to light by using the ,devil as a ladder1 #hbb-m4 ,dante's ,divine ,comedy is a declaration of war against the ,papacy1 #hbb-m4 ,dante's journey resembles initiation into the ,mysteries of ,eleusis1 #hbb-m4 ,dante's work boldly reveals the mysteries2 is ,johannite ,gnostic1 #hbb-m4 ,darkness a source of fear and dread to the ancients1 #ddc-m4 ,darkness an enemy1 a dread1 to the ancients1 #eie-m4 ,darkness1 ,sun driven further to the south by the ,powers of1 #dde-u4 ,darkness and ,light features of the ,mysteries of ,eleusis1 #djc-u4 ,darkness and ,light prominent features of the ,mysteries of ,isis1 #djd-u4 ,darkness comes from the gross matter which composes the passive cause1 #fei-l4 ,darkness considered older than light by some ,parsee sects1 #fac-u4 ,darkness has no home in the ,universe1 #hde-m4 ,darkness hides the ,universe and reduces all nature to nothingness1 #ffj-u4 ,darkness on one side consequent on illumination on the other1 #hde-m4 ,darkness synonymous with ,evil1 #ffj-m4 ,darkness the embodiment of the ,evil principle1 #eie-m4 ,daun1 as ,arun1 the charioteer1 precedes ,surya1 #ehg-u4 ,deacons in early ,christian ,mysteries kept the door1 #edc-l4 ,dead govern1 the ,living obey1 #cae-u4 ,death1 but one question1 ,has he lived well1 after1 #ahd-u4 ,death caused by the inertia or immobility of ,forces on ,impulses1 #hdf-u4 ,death completes the transformation necessary for soul's reabsorption1 #fhf-u4 ,death1 for the ,egyptians1 but renovation and union1 #ehh4 ,death is the ,great ,teacher1 #ahc-l4 ,death is the true initiation2 sleep the introductory mystery1 #cib-m4 ,death1 like absence of motion1 distinctively characteristic of cold1 #ffd-l4 ,death1 mysteries of1 to be sought in ,life itself1 #aja-u4 ,death1 no evil1 but that which life has made1 #ahd-u4 ,death of deities not inconsistent with their ,immortality1 #eij-m4 ,death of seed to give birth to the new plant a symbol in all religions1 #cie-u4 ,death1 the grand mystery of existence1 the secret of the ,mysteries1 #ehf-l4 ,death1 the great mystery of existence1 precedes the second birth1 #cic-m4 ,death1 the shadow of ,god3 whose shadow is immortality1 #gda-l4 ,decalogue1 ,masonic1 #ag-l4 ,decan1 a ,god or ,genius1 assigned to each1 #dgj-m4 ,decay of ,templars due to their ambition1 lack of education1 haughtiness1 #hai-m4 ,december the #beth1 the date of the ,great ,feast of ,mithras1 #ehg-m4 ,december #beth celebrated at ,tsur and ,rome1 #gh-l4 ,decorations of the degrees dispensed with if thought expensive1 #cbi-u4 ,deeds are nobler and greater than words1 #cda-m4 ,deeds1 great results from humble1 #bcj4 ,definitions of ,deity1 #fea-l4 ,definition of ,freemasonry1 its purposes1 its essence1 its spirit1 #hed-m4 ,degeneration of ,nations by opulence and luxury1 #cdh-l4 ,degradation of popular notions of ,deity of later growth1 #fhi-l4 ,degeneration of the families of wealth1 #cdg-l4 ,degree1 a step toward ,perfection is each ,masonic1 #acf-l4 ,degree1 ,apprentice1 the #ast1 #a-m4 ,degree1 ,fellowcraft1 the #bnd1 #bb-u4 ,degree1 ,master1 the #crd1 #fb-u4 ,degree of contribution not so important as the purpose1 #bca-u4 ,degree of ,perfection1 doctrines taught in the1 #dcb-l4 ,degree1 the development of a particular ,duty in each ,masonic1 #acf-l4 ,degree which is closed against any religious faith is not ,masonic1 #bij-m4 ,degrees1 ,allegories from old religions1 mysteries used in revision of1 #cbh-m4 ,degrees2 excellency of the virtues of ,honor and ,duty taught by the ,chivalric1 #hef-u4 ,degrees1 #dth to #adth1 the ineffable degrees1 #bjb-u4 ,degrees have three essential features1 #fbe-m4 ,degrees of ,hermeticism are three1 religious1 philosophical1 physical1 #hdj-l4 ,degrees1 in the ,indian ,mysteries were several1 #dbh-l4 ,degrees1 in the ,mithraic ,mysteries were several1 #dbe-l4 ,degrees invented by ,alchemists within ,masonry1 #gca-u4 ,degrees misunderstood1 corrupted and disfigured1 #ajf-m4 ,degrees1 #aith to #cbnd1 philosophical1 #bjb-u4 ,degrees of ,blue ,lodge given a ,christian interpretation1 #fci-u4 ,degrees of ,lodge ,perfection teach the practical morality of ,masonry1 #hee-l4 ,degrees of ,masonry contain hints and symbols of real beliefs of ,templar ,chiefs1 #hai-u4 ,degrees of ,perfection urge the subjugation of the appetites by the spiritual nature1 #hee-l4 ,degrees of ,pythagoras contain heiratic intelligence1 #ig-m4 ,degrees of the ,blue ,lodge but the outer court of the ,temple1 #hai-u4 ,degrees of the ,christian ,mysteries three in number1 #eda-l4 ,degrees of the ,druidical ,mysteries were three in number1 #cfg-l4 ,degrees of the ,gnostics1 ,material1 ,intellectual1 ,spiritual1 #edb-l4 ,degrees of the ,sacrament referred to by ,st4 ,dionysius1 #edc-l4 ,degrees of the ,scottish ,rite teach the necessity of the mastery of the spiritual in man over the material1 #hee-m4 ,degrees1 only those qualified to discuss philosophy should receive the1 #ccb-l4 ,degrees1 primitive masonry represented by the first three1 #bjb-u44 ,degrees1 #agth and #ahth1 ,new ,law1 #bjb-u4 ,degrees1 symbolic1 contain some ,platonic ideas1 #bej-u4 ,degrees teach more than morals1 #adh-u4 ,degrees1 the #aeth and #afth1 ,second ,temple1 #bjb-u4 ,degrees2 the value of knowledge1 the excellence of truth taught by the philosophers1 #hee-l4 ,deification of a mental principle instead of a physical one1 #feb-u4 ,deification of ,fortune through error continued by the worship of abstractions1 #fid-u4 ,deified1 ,heroditus speaks of the reason why animals were1 #chj-m4 ,deioces1 a palace in ,ecbatana having seven differently colored walls1 #gbi-u4 ,deities enclosed in the egg are the forty-eight constellations1 #ffc-l4 ,deities1 names of ,good and ,evil1 contained in names of ,assassins1 #hb-m4 ,deities of ,india and ,persia mostly symbols of celestial light1 #fja-l4 ,deities of ,ormuzd placed in an egg broken by ,deities of ,ahriman1 #ffb-l4 ,deities1 prominent1 of the ,mysteries represented the ,sun and ,moon1 #cgg-u4 ,deities1 prominent1 of the ,mysteries were ,male and ,female1 #cgg-u4 ,deities1 to explain the existence of ,good and ,evil the ,persians assumed two1 #cjj-m4 ,deity1 a symbol or representative hieroglyphic was the name of1 #bjh-u4 ,deity abstractly expressed is but a symbol of an object unknown1 #eac-m4 ,deity1 according to ,aristotle and ,plato1 in relation to ,good1 #fha-m4 ,deity acts by general laws for general purposes1 #fhh-l4 ,deity acts by universal laws and constant modes of operation1 #fhh-m4 ,deity1 after creating the idea1 might be called by the name of ,tetragrammaton1 #gdf-u4 ,deity1 among the fundamental teachings of ,gnosticism were emanations from1 #bdh-l4 ,deity as manifested in ,seir and the ,universe are one when ,regnum turns to her husband1 #gii-l4 ,deity as incomprehensible as ever1 notwithstanding advances1 #fig-u4 ,deity at first looked up to with unquestioning reverence1 #fij-u4 ,deity1 before ,he created any ,ideal1 was alone1 without form1 #gde-l4 ,deity beyond human intellect1 without name1 form1 limitation1 #eeb-u4 ,deity causing good2 demon causing evil1 #ffa-u4 ,deity changed ,himself into the form of ,love in the work of ,creation1 #fhc-l4 ,deity2 chief object of ,masonry is the perpetuation of the character and attributes of1 #acg-u4 ,deity comprehended in ,himself all that is1 #gjj-m4 ,deity comprehended the generative ,spirit and productive matter1 #gjj-m4 ,deity conformed himself into a form that contains all forms1 #gic-l4 ,deity1 ,conscience the voice of1 #bbf-u4 ,deity considered as a ,principle pervading all nature by the ,confucians1 #faf-u4 ,deity contained within ,himself the whole ,universe to be developed1 #hdi-u4 ,deity contains all that moves1 lives1 exists or has being1 #gjj-m4 ,deity contains the incorruptible and unwearying force of necessity1 #feh-m4 ,deity contracted ,himself on all sides from a point within ,himself1 #gff-u4 ,deity created ,nature1 #gjj-m4 ,deity defined by the ,hindu ,vedas1 #bgi-m4 ,deity defined today no clearer than in the definition of the ancients1 #eac-m4 ,deity dethroned and changed into a ,dev to account for moral evil1 #fij-m4 ,deity developed ,himself in order to create in ten ,saphiroth1 #eeb-u4 ,deity did not create the ,universe directly1 but through agents1 #efh-m4 ,deity divided into two classes to account for moral evil1 #fij-m4 ,deity emits ,his emanations into the quasi-vacant space of contraction1 #gff-u4 ,deity enacts moral laws because they are ,revelations and decisions of the ,divine1 #gcg-m4 ,deity1 everywhere in the old faiths is the idea of a ,supreme1 #eab-u4 ,deity first recognized in the heavenly bodies and the elements1 #feb-u4 ,deity first restored the universality of the seven ,kings of the ,world1 ,aziluth1 then the others1 #gig-u4 ,deity forbidden to be represented by ,idea1 figure or letters ,he or ,yod1 #gde-l4 ,deity forbidden to be represented by the early ,scandinavians1 #fah-m4 ,deity formed all things in the form of male and female1 #hjj-u4 ,deity in his revelations adopted the use of material images1 #cgb-m4 ,deity1 in ,isiac ,mysteries was carried an effigy of the ,supreme1 #dab-l4 ,deity in its entirety actuates the planet and the rotifer1 #fga-m4 ,deity incapable of being defined or expressed1 #eac-m4 ,deity2 instances of the envy1 jealousy and malignity of1 #fhh-u4 ,deity invested with human attributes1 #eae-u4 ,deity is all in all2 the cause and effect1 #gja-u4 ,deity is imbued with ,benignity1 #gfi-m4 ,deity is ,infinite1 without limitation1 without conformation1 #gfe-l4 ,deity is the ,absolute ,existence and the ,male and ,female ,principle1 #gjj-m4 ,deity is the impulse and the result2 the beginning1 the ending1 #gja-u4 ,deity long known as ,al ,schadai1 ,alohayim1 ,adonai1 etc1 #fig-l4 ,deity long known as ,nature1 a man personified1 with human passions1 #fig-l4 ,deity made after man's own image1 #feb-u4 ,deity1 manifestations of the ,supreme1 #ac4 ,deity1 ,masonry teaches the nature and existence of one ,supreme1 #bba-m4 ,deity most perfectly manifests ,himself by ,his ,rays1 the ,sephiroth1 #gdh-m4 ,deity1 ,mysteries taught true ideas of1 #bjh-m4 ,deity neither moved nor unmoved1 limited nor unlimited1 #fgf-u4 ,deity never could not have existed1 #gjj-m4 ,deity never ,thought not nor never was not1 #hdi-u4 ,deity not an object of perception but--1 #bbb-m4 ,deity not the author of vice1 sin and suffering1 but his ministers1 #daf-u4 ,deity not only infinite in power and wisdom1 but in mercy and pity1 #hee-u4 ,deity not the cause of evil2 there must be another cause1 #ffj-m4 ,deity of ,aristotle the perfection of man's intellectual activity in the ,universe1 #fha-m4 ,deity of ,chaldeans1 ,father of ,light1 was termed ,araor1 #gdb-l4 ,deity of each star a portion of the ,universal ,deity2 ,soul of ,nature1 #fga-m4 ,deity of ,nature reflects the changeful character of the seasons1 #fhi-l4 ,deity of our ,northern ancestors was triune1 #ac-l4 ,deity of ,plato1 a ,being proportioned to human sympathies2 ,father1 #fhb-l4 ,deity of ,plato could not be more than the ,wise and the ,good1 #fha-m4 ,deity of ,plato creates1 superintends1 rejoices1 #fha-m4 ,deity of ,plato1 the ,author of ,good only2 the ,good itself1 #fhb-u4 ,deity of the ,universe likened to the ,ocean by the ,egyptians1 #ffe-m4 ,deity often expressed by the personal pronoun ,he1 #fih-l4 ,deity only apprehended by negative notions1 says ,philo1 #fea-m4 ,deity originally contained ,all1 #gfd-m4 ,deity2 ,ormuzd1 in the body1 resembled light2 in the soul1 truth1 #ffb-m4 ,deity present in each of four worlds as in and through the ,sephiroth1 #gfh-l4 ,deity produces nine lights which shine forth from ,his outforming1 #gfb-u4 ,deity1 questions in reference to1 #fdh4 ,deity supposed to possess the feelings of envy and jealousy1 #fhh-u4 ,deity1 ,supreme1 above all ,gods1 author of everything1 #ac-l4 ,deity1 ,supreme1 was the same to the intellectual of all nations1 #bjh-u4 ,deity symbolized by the hieroglyphical senary1 #fcd-l4 ,deity symbolized by the ,one1 or ,unity1 #fbe-m4 ,deity symbolized by the triangle in all ages1 #hfa-u4 ,deity symbolized by the ,urn1 #eai-l4 ,deity1 tangible and personal1 only one comprehended generally1 #gjj-l4 ,deity1 the first three ,universals1 or ,worlds1 are wholly within the1 #gei-u4 ,deity1 ,the ,good1 because ,evil is excluded from his attributes1 #fha-l4 ,deity the incorporeal light in which live causes of created natures1 #eba-m4 ,deity1 the ,light of the ,divine ,presence1 seen more clearly by the soul1 #hee-m4 ,deity1 the ,one1 ,sacred ,name of the ,indian1 #bje-u4 ,deity1 the ,universe1 having perpetuity of movement and life1 ,supreme ,cause #ffg-l4 ,deity1 through the ,sophiroth1 is extended to the production of all1 #gei-m4 ,deity1 ,trinity of2 creates1 preserves1 destroys1 #eg-l4 ,deity uses the ,sephiroth as a workman uses his tools1 #gei-m4 ,deity was and is all that was1 that is and that shall be1 #gjj-m4 ,deity1 when separated ideally into the loving and beloved1 #fhd-u4 ,deity with the ,kabalists has no name1 but terms are applied1 #gde-l4 ,deity worshipped in lonely forests by the early ,scandinavians1 #fah-m4 ,deity's attributes personified that man could commune with ,god1 #feb-l4 ,deity's bosom the origin and home of human souls1 #hea-l4 ,deity's essence1 ,necessity and ,liberty1 counterbalanced1 produce equilibrium1 #ggh-l4 ,deity's first utterance was a syllable of four letters2 each became a being1 #efj-m4 ,deity's first utterance was ,logos1 or ,plenitude of ,eons1 #efj-l4 ,deity's habitation above the ,moon1 according to ,lucanus1 #fed-m4 ,deity's intellectual nature affected by the question of ,evil1 #fhd-m4 ,deity's intention was that ,his creatures should recognize his existence1 #gig-l4 ,deity's manifested creative powers united are the ,alhim1 #gja-m4 ,deity's name consists of four letters among many nations1 #fcc-l4 ,deity's name consists of three letters among many nations1 #fcb-l4 ,deity's names according to ,diodorus1 ,philo1 ,clemens1 ,clarian1 etc1 #gjj-l4 ,deity's nature expressed by describing ,him as ,light filling all space1 #gff-u4 ,deity's nature included in the meaning of the ,true ,word of a ,mason1 #fig-m4 ,deity's oldest notions were rather indefinite than repulsive1 #fhi-l4 ,deity's ,omnipotence and ,beneficence and the existence of ,evil contradictory1 #fhf-l4 ,deity's proximity more remote as man's conception became exalted1 #feb-m4 ,deity's self-imposed limitations the safeguards of human freedom1 #fhi-m4 ,deity's ,thought outwardly manifested in the ,universe which so became1 #gjj-m4 ,deity's union with his creatures expressed by the ,hebrew letter ,he1 #fih-l4 ,deity's ,unity and ,supremacy and the separate existence of ,evil1 #fha-l4 ,deity's wisdom and beneficence reconciled with the existence of ,evil1 #fhf-u4 ,delaulnaye on the symbolism of the ,sun and the ,moon1 #ac-l4 ,delphi and ,delos awaited the return of ,apollo from the north1 #eib-m4 ,delphi1 a triple-headed serpent of gold was the tripod at1 #dif-u4 ,delta1 the initial of the ,latin or ,french word for ,god1 #fca-l4 ,delta1 signification of the three ,greek letters on the1 #eca-l4 ,delta1 signification of the three sides of the1 #eca-m4 ,deluge1 the number ,seven in connection with a1 #bcc-m4 ,demagog the predecessor of the ,despot1 #dh-m4 ,demerit1 the natural right which others have to punish us1 #gbc-l4 ,demetrius received the ,lesser and ,greater ,mysteries at the same time1 #dcb-l4 ,demiourgos and his mother contest in man1 #efc4 ,demiourgos of the ,gnostics corresponds to ,the ,word1 #bga-l4 ,demiourgos1 or laldaboth1 of the ,ophites1 produced an angel1 #efc-m4 ,demiourgos1 the ,agent of ,material ,creation1 produced by ,chaos1 #efc-m4 ,demiurge1 the ,artificer and ,governor of the ,world1 #eeg-l4 ,demiurge1 the framer of this lower world1 #eeg-l4 ,demiurge regarded as hostile to ,god by some ,gnostics1 #eeh-m4 ,demiurgic energy most fully developed at the ,vernal ,equinox1 #dgc-u4 ,demiurgic ideas of some ,gnostics not of the ,mosaic religion1 #eeh-m4 ,demiurgical ,intelligence descends into matter and returns1 #dae-m4 ,democracy and ,despotism favorable to the prevalence of falsehood and deceit1 #ff-u4 ,demons1 or ,eons of ,satan1 involved in war1 arrived at ,realm of ,light1 #eff-u4 ,demons of the ,greeks correspond to the ,ferouers of ,zoroaster1 #bef-u4 ,demosthenes1 methods of1 #agd-m4 ,denmark1 serpent1 boy and signs on sacrificial vessels of1 #eja-l4 ,denary1 the number ten1 the measure of everything1 #fch-m4 ,depths determined by height2 valleys filled1 mountains disappear1 #hdh-u4 ,design of organized beings graven in the ,intelligence of the ,universe1 #ffe-u4 ,desirable number is eight1 because of the ,elus and ,sages1 #fbh-l4 ,desires should be measured by fortune and conditions1 #adf-m4 ,despot1 spiritual or temporal1 is a crowned anarchist1 #hbb-u4 ,despots1 aids to thinkers1 #dh-u4 ,despots will be cherished at home if people do not--1 #agg-l4 ,despotism1 horrors of1 #bg-u-m4 ,despotism1 progress of free people towards1 #cb-m4 ,destiny1 a name by which the theological problem was cast back1 #fhi-l4 ,destiny of ,man1 to attain the ,truth and serve others1 #aji-u4 ,deus1 the four-lettered name of the ,latin ,deity1 #fcc-l4 ,deva1 ,god1 is derived from the root1 div1 to shine1 #fja-l4 ,devas1 the elemental ,powers1 progeny of ,indra1 #fjb-m4 ,development symbolized by the use of the ,mallet and ,chisel1 #cj-l4 ,devil not a person but a ,force misdirected1 #ajb-l4 ,devil1 or evil force1 personified by--1 #ajb-l4 ,devil1 ,personification of ,atheism or ,idolatry1 #ajb-l4 ,devil used as a ladder by ,dante to reascend to light1 #hbb-m4 ,device of ,masonry is--1 #bbj-m4 ,devotion to duty and acts of heroism distinguished the ,knight1 #ehj-l4 ,devs and ,archdevs opposed to the good spirits of ,ormuzd1 #beg-l4 ,devs are six of the ,zodiacal signs under the banner of darkness1 #ffc-u4 ,diagoras accused of divulging the ,secret of the ,mysteries1 #chd-l4 ,dialectic and ,ethic harmoniously blended evolve perfect discipline1 #ce-u4 ,diana the ,mistress in the ,constellation ,sagittarius1 #dfa-l4 ,diodonis gives lao as the name given by ,moses to ,deity1 #gjj-l4 ,diodorus held that each star was a part of the ,universal ,soul1 #fga-m4 ,diodorus ,siculus states the ,egyptians recognized two great ,divinities1 #deh-m4 ,diodorus speaks of the columns near the tombs of ,osiris and ,isis1 #cgh-m4 ,dionusos and ,apollo1 representing ,nature and ,art1 from one common source1 #ehe-l4 ,dionusos1 born of a mortal mother1 a son of ,god1 #ehe-u4 ,dionusos1 ,creator1 guardian1 liberator1 ,saviour of the ,soul1 #eai4 ,dionusos esteemed as ,healer1 ,saviour1 ,author of ,life and ,immortality1 #ehf-u4 ,dionusos1 identical with lacchus1 presiding genius of the ,mysteries1 #ehe-u4 ,dionusos in his second birth a type of spiritual regeneration1 #eai-l4 ,dionusos is the totality of the ,universal ,soul1 #cic-m4 ,dionusos1 or ,bacchus1 ,author of ,light and ,life and ,truth1 #ac-l4 ,dionusos-,orpheus descended to the ,shades to secure the perpetuity of ,nature1 #cid-u4 ,dionusos1 ,orpheus said to have founded the ,mysteries of1 #ceg-u4 ,dionusos1 personification of the senuous world1 guide of the soul1 #eah-l4 ,dionusos1 symbols of the second birth of man were the death and passion of1 #cic-l4 ,dionusos1 the earth is rent asunder at the death of1 #cic-l4 ,dionusos1 the ,god of ,nature1 one with heroes of other ,mysteries1 #ceg-u4 ,dionusos the leader of the ,muses1 the ,god of ,nature and of ,art1 #ehe-l4 ,dionusos1 the ,liberator1 like ,osiris1 frees the soul and--1 #cic-u4 ,dionusos1 the ,liberator1 the ,totality of the ,universal ,soul2 he dies and rises1 #ehf4 ,dionusos1 the ,nature ,god of the ,greeks1 as ,amun was to the ,egyptians1 #ehe-u4 ,dionusos the personification of the ,sun in ,taurus1 #ehe-u4 ,dionusos the same as the dismembered ,zagreus1 #ehe-l4 ,dionusos1 the spiritual regeneration of man typified by the second birth of1 #ceg-m4 ,dionusos1 the ,sun1 suggested the spiritual mediator1 #eai-u4 ,dionusos torn in pieces by the ,titans represented the ,soul mixed with matter1 #efa-l4 ,dionusos was ,creator1 guardian1 liberator1 saviour of the soul1 #ceg-m4 ,dionysius1 or author of his books1 concealed science under the disguise of ,christianity1 #gcb-l4 ,dionysius1 the ,areopagite2 ,dogma of ,hermes found in writings of1 #gca-l4 ,dionysius1 the ,areopagite1 the first ,bishop of ,athens1 #edc-l4 ,dionysius1 the ,younger1 written to by ,pluto1 on the ,first ,principle1 #ii-u4 ,dioscuri patrons of sailors and navigation1 #dbg-u4 ,dioscuri sailed with ,jason for the golden fleeced ,ram1 the ,sun1 #dff-l4 ,dioscuri1 the ,tunis ,castor and ,pollux1 deities of ,samothrace1 #dbf-l4 ,directors of the ,work or ,masons of the #ith to #aath degrees2 duties of the1 #cca-l4 ,disagree in matters of opinion and both be sane and honest1 #aff-u4 ,disc and ,crescent denote ,taurus2 used as our ,orators' sign1 #deb-u4 ,disc and ,crescent on the head of the ,bull represents--1 #deb-m4 ,disc and ,crescent on ,ram instead of ,bull represent the ,sun in ,aries1 #deb-l4 ,disc and ,crescent symbols of the ,sun and ,moon in conjunction1 #deb-u4 ,disciples first called ,christians at ,antioch1 #bfb-l4 ,disciples of ,christ1 secret meaning to the number of the1 #bcc-m4 ,discipline of the ,secret compared to the ,heathen ,mysteries1 #edd-u4 ,discipline of the ,secret was the concealment of certain tenets1 #edc-m4 ,discords1 wrong1 evil1 suffering1 are--1 #egg-u4 ,discovery of the sacred place in which ,truth is hidden reveals the ,true ,light1 #ghe-l4 ,discovery of ,truth the most ,sublime ,science to which a mortal can aspire1 #ghe-l4 ,divine and human relations received dramatic form in ancient views1 #cgb-n4 ,divine and human united symbolized by an equilateral triangle1 #heh-m4 ,divine and the ,human intermingled in every human being1 #hec-u4 ,divine attributes contrasted with human littleness1 #fea-m4 ,divine ,dynasty which governed the early world1 #ejh-m4 ,divine ,essence symbolized by ,light or ,fire1 #gdb-l4 ,divine in man makes him more than an intelligent animal1 #heg-l4 ,divine ,intellect as an ,idea1 the ,universe invested with form after being in the1 #cbc-m4 ,divine ,intellect evolved all ,souls and intellects of men1 #ehb-m4 ,divine law an analogical inference from human law1 #fid-m4 ,divine ,life animates dead matter1 creation begins1 #eef-m4 ,divine ,life by evolution approaches dead matter1 #eef-m4 ,divine mingles with human in all affairs1 #ab-u4 ,divine ,nature1 a theme on which man is not entitled to dogmatize1 #bbb-m4 ,divine ,nature1 ,power and ,justice the same1 ,wisdom and ,mercy the same in the1 #eeb-m4 ,divine not encroached on by dead matter1 #eef-u4 ,divine ,original2 the consummation of ,plato's science is the contemplation of the1 #fib-l4 ,divine perfection nearest approached by ,man1 #faj-u4 ,divine ,power1 or ,word1 unfolded the ,intellect1 #ehb-m4 ,divine right to govern vested in the ablest1 wisest1 best1 #bjc-l4 ,divine ,soul1 acting as a cause1 produced intelligence1 #ffi-l4 ,divine symbolized by the ,human in the creation of woman1 #hdi-l4 ,divine ,tetragram1 ,jehova1 formed by adding ,yod to the ternary name of ,eve4 #gga-m4 ,divine ,triangle1 ,fatality1 ,will and ,power2 the magical ternary4 #gch-u4 ,divine ,will enacts the moral laws4 #gcg-m4 ,divine ,will or ,power limited by the ,divine ,wisdom2 the result1 ,beauty1 ,harmony4 #hdf-l4 ,divine will struggles with the natural will in the souls of men1 #eii-m4 ,divine ,word allied with ,universal ,reason in the ,kabalah1 #gdd-l4 ,divinity ascribed to ,heavenly bodies by ,phoenicians and ,egyptians1 #def-l4 ,divinity ascribed to the stars by the logic of ,cicero1 #fgj-l4 ,divinity belonged to the soul of nature1 #fgj-u4 ,divinity designated by the ,chinese by the name of the ,divine ,reason1 #faf-u44 ,divinity held to be invisible by ,druids1 hence could not worship idols1 #fah-u4 ,divinity1 numbers expressed the utterances of1 #bji-u4 ,divinity severed from the ,universe by the ,spiritualists1 #ffg-m4 ,divinity1 the ,great ,whole1 was male and female1 #feh-u4 ,division of the ,heavens by seven1 planets and twelve signs1 #dfj-m4 ,doctrine enveloped with symbols by ,pythagoras1 #ig-m4 ,doctrine of ,lucanus one of the most ancient and widely accepted1 #fed-l4 ,doctrine of ,masonry in reference to religious ,truths1 #egf-l4 ,doctrine of the ,decans regarded as important1 secret1 august1 #dgj-l4 ,doctrine secret and superior to that of the ,gospels1 #edb-l4 ,doctrine2 through all the ancient dogmas is found a common concealed1 #gbi-l4 ,doctrine1 to unite man with the ,world and ,deity the object of the1 #dae-m4 ,doctrines of ,druids taught--1 #afh-m4 ,doctrines of ,odin1 #afh-m4 ,doctrines of the degrees of the ,indian ,mysteries1 #dbh-l4 ,doctrines of the ,greeks1 #bej-u4 ,doctrines of the ,templars misunderstood by the mass of them1 #hai-m4 ,doctrines of ,zoroaster taught--1 #afg-l4 ,doctrines1 to but few did intellectual ,hebrews teach the esoteric1 #bjg-l4 ,dog leads nine ,elus to the cavern2 significance and origin1 #dhi-l4 ,dog ,star1 ,sirius1 #dij-u4 ,dog supposed to have aided ,isis in her search for ,osiris represents1 #cgf-l4 ,dog's head given to ,mercury to express prudence1 #ggi-l4 ,dogma1 a belief in the existence of ,god1 the basis of its1 #bbj-m4 ,dogma of ,orpheus1 ,moses and the ,theologians1 #ddc-l4 ,dogma of widespread application was the division of the ,first ,cause into the ,active and ,passive1 #fec-l4 ,dogmas of ancient religions and mysterious societies have a doctrine in common1 #gbi-l4 ,dogmas of the ,hindus1 #fjd-m4 ,dogmatism of man on subjects beyond his comprehension1 #fea-u4 ,doketes held that ,christ only took the appearance of a body1 #efd-m4 ,dominion of the spiritual nature over the material urged in the ,degrees1 #hee4 ,dominion1 one of the last four ,sephiroth of the ,kabalah1 #hdh-l ,domitian1 horrors of despotism under1 #bg-u4 ,domitian1 reference to the reign of1 #dg-l1 #c-u4 ,domitian1 that most savage monster1 #di-m4 ,doric order of architecture represents the ineffable degrees1 #bjb-u4 ,double nature of man1 though he is one1 #hfa-l4 ,doubt and question must accompany man's onward progress1 #gab-l4 ,doubt1 who shall decide in honest1 #aff-u4 ,dove1 ,raven1 ,phoenix1 are symbols of ,light1 ,darkness and ,beauty1 #gib-m4 ,draco made the astronomical cincture of the ,universe1 #dih-m4 ,draco or ,jefferies as ,judge to be opposed by ,masonry1 #bj-l4 ,dragon finally absorbed by and united with the ,principle of ,good1 #dii-l4 ,dragon foe struck down by ,mithras1 #fab-l4 ,dragon the image of ,ahriman1 #beg-l4 ,dragon1 winged1 a symbol of ,matter or ,salt1 #ggd-m4 ,dragons and ,serpents1 something divine in the nature of1 #did-l4 ,dragons figure in other than astronomical legends1 #dii-m4 ,drama of ,hiram and the ,mysteries teach the victory of ,good over ,evil1 #dce-l4 ,dream phenomena are mysteries little understood1 #gcc-l4 ,dreams are realities while they last1 #aff-u4 ,dresden ,reformed or ,rectified ,rite1 that of ,ramsay1 #ggi-l4 ,druidic ,temples and ,chapters1 #bce-l4 ,druidic ,temples recording the meteoric cycles1 #bcf-u4 ,druidical ceremonies came from ,india2 originally ,buddhists1 #cfg-u4 ,druidical ,hu contains the ,true name of ,deity1 #gjb-u4 ,druidical initiate called thrice born when ceremony completed1 #dcj-m4 ,druidical ,mysteries conform to those of other nations1 #cfg4 ,druidical ,mysteries explained the primitive truths1 #dcj-l4 ,druidical ,mysteries1 initiate placed in a tomb in the1 #dcj-l4 ,druidical ,mysteries1 ,initiations performed at midnight in the1 #cfg-l4 ,druidical ,mysteries1 periods of the festivals of the1 #cfg-l4 ,druidical ,mysteries resembled those of the ,orient2 description of1 #dbi-m4 ,druidical religion's idea and doctrines1 #fah-u4 ,druidical rites refer to astronomical phenomena1 #ejb-u4 ,druidical sacred ,triad inscribed on a cruciform tree1 #ejd-u4 ,druidical subterranean grotto at ,new ,grange in ,ireland1 #ejd-m4 ,druidical ,temple in the ,island of ,lewis1 ,scotland1 #ejd-m4 ,druids admitted immortality1 judgment1 man's responsibility1 #fah-u4 ,druids asserted the ,unity of the ,god-head and invoked ,one ,power1 #fah-u4 ,druids considered the cross a sacred symbol1 #ejd-u4 ,druids cut a tree in the shape of a ,tau cross and inscribed it1 #ejd-u4 ,druids did not worship idols1 holding ,divinity to be invisible1 #fah-u4 ,druids' doctrines taught--1 #afh-m4 ,druids exercised considerable secular as well as religious power1 #fah-l4 ,druids expressed ,deity by the symbol ,o4,i4,w1 #fah-u4 ,druids expressed the name of ,deity by the letters ,o4,i4,w1 #fbb-u4 ,druids1 first1 children of the ,magi2 initiation from ,egypt and ,chaldea1 #ajc-l4 ,druids had sacred regard for the odd numbers1 #fah-m4 ,druids had some idea of redemption and a ,redeemer1 #fah-u4 ,druids held the doctrine of transmigration1 #fah-u4 ,druids imparted secrets without the use of audible language1 #cgb-m4 ,druids of ,britain similar to the ,magi of the ,persians1 #fag-l4 ,druids studied astronomy and practiced the ,masonic virtue1 ,truth1 #fai-u4 ,druids1 uniformity between the ,persian ,magi and the1 #cfg-u4 ,druids1 worship of2 their dogma and symbolism1 #ajc-l4 ,druids worshipped ,hu and ,ceridwen1 male and female1 #fah-u4 ,duad1 a figure of the cube1 #e-l4 ,duad1 the origin of contrasts1 the imperfect condition1 #fcj-u4 ,duad1 the symbol of diversity1 inequality1 division1 vicissitudes1 #fcj-u4 ,duad was female and represented matter capable of form1 #fca-u4 ,dual ,sovereignty of the ,universe acknowledged by philosophers1 #ffj-m4 ,dualism1 belief in two adverse principles or1 #bgb-bge4 ,dualism of ,good and ,evil adverse to the doctrine of ,unity1 #fhg-u4 ,dualism of mind and matter the result of the idea of an independent mind1 #fgg-l4 ,du ,barry governing in the name of ,louis the #aeth1 #di-m4 ,duties grow out of all the relations of life1 naturally1 undeniably1 #hcb-u4 ,duties of a ,mason are--1 #bai-l4 ,duties of a ,master of the ,symbolic ,lodge1 #cbe-ccc4 ,duties of life more than life1 #aea-l4 ,duties of life still remain to be done and errors combated1 #afc-l4 ,duties of ,mason not confined to ,masons alone1 #agf-ahe4 ,duties of #ith ,degree1 #aei-u4 ,duties of a ,prince of ,jerusalem the same as of old in substance1 #bda-m4 ,duties of the ,knight ,royal ,axe1 #cea-u4 ,duty escaped is a gain avoided1 #hcg-l4 ,duty1 even if there be no reward1 a ,mason's obligation1 #aai-m4 ,duty forbids us to be idle1 #cdc-m4 ,duty of a ,knight ,commander of the ,temple1 #egh-ehj4 ,duty of a ,mason in reference to our activities1 #cdb-m4 ,duty of a ,mason1 not the result or the reward to be considered1 #bci-u4 ,duty of a ,mason when he hears of a fallen man1 #cce-l4 ,duty of a ,mason with his superiors1 his equals1 his inferiors1 #ccf-m4 ,duty of ,masonry1 eternal1 persistent1 #ah-ba4 ,duty1 not ,heaven or bliss1 to be toiled for1 #bbi-l4 ,duty practiced because it is right and just1 is good1 #gbb-l4 ,duty recognized by morality and religion1 #gag-m4 ,duty supposes a rule both intelligible and certain1 #fie-m4 ,duty to press forward in the search for ,truth1 #bbc-u4 ,duty written on the volume of ,masonic life1 #cej-l4 ,dying ,nature ,gods in every country1 #eij-u4 ,dynasties speedily decay and run out1 #di-u4 ,e ,eagle flying1 a ,hermetic symbol of ,sulphur1 #ggd-m4 ,eagle or ,vulture sometimes substituted for the ,scorpion1 #ddh-m4 ,eagle or ,vulture substituted for ,serpent on account of its malign influence1 #dfa-m4 ,eagle1 the symbol of ,egyptian ,god1 ,mendes1 #bia-m4 ,eagle1 the symbol of ,mendes1 #bed-l4 ,earth and heaven composed of the two ,causes1 the ,active and ,passive1 #fef-u4 ,earth and ,heavens personified as ,deities even among the ,aryans1 #hej-l4 ,earth1 by its union with ,ouranos1 engenders ,gods1 the power of light1 #ffj-u4 ,earth caused by the ,sun to beget and be prolific2 to fructify1 #hea-u4 ,earth considered by the ,phrygians as the mother of all things1 #feh-l4 ,earth gives the elements and principles of ,compounds subsistence1 #ghd-m4 ,earth1 opinion of the ancients regarding the shape of the1 #ddb-l4 ,earth1 or ,rhea1 the ,mother of the effects of which ,heaven is the father4 #feg4 ,earth regarded as one of the two first ,divinities1 ,heaven the other1 #dja-m4 ,earth rent asunder at the death of ,dionusos1 #cic-l4 ,earth revolving around the ,sun known to ,thales and ,pythagoras1 #cdc-u4 ,earth symbolized by the figure three1 #fcb-m4 ,earth the center of the ,universe to the ancients1 #eic-l4 ,earth to the ,initiate is the ,world manifest to the senses1 #ghe-u4 ,earth1 by its union with ,tartarus1 engenders ,typhon1 the power of darkness1 #fei-l4 ,earth1 the matrix of the world2 of beings engendered by the heavens1 #ffh-l4 ,earth1 the ,mother1 impregnated by ,heaven1 becomes fruitful1 #fef-l4 ,earth1 the ,producer1 the ,mother1 a female2 ,mother ,earth1 #hea-u4 ,earth the ,soul's place of exile2 not its home1 #ebj-m4 ,earth1 the wife of heaven1 a part of the ancient mythologies1 #feh-m4 ,earthly nature subjugated by the spiritual symbolized by the ,master's ,compass1 #hed-l4 ,east1 faith of people of the ,west connected with the faith of the1 #bdg-l4 ,eastern nations early substituted ,nature worship for the primitive faith1 #fjj-l4 ,east1 the place of ,light1 because the name of ,deity is displayed1 #bhg-m4 ,east1 the seat of ,mithras in the sacred cave1 #dac-m4 ,east would prevail over the ,west if the ,templars rebuilt the ,temple1 #haf-u4 ,ecbatana1 seven different colors in the enclosures of1 #bcc-m4 ,ecbatana1 the site of the palace of ,deioces with seven circular walls1 #gbi-u4 ,eclipses of the ,sun and ,moon caused by a dragon1 #dih-eja-u4 ,ecliptic1 the path of the ,sun through the ,constellations1 #ddg-u4 ,edda of ,icelanders in a dialog defines ,god1 #fai-u4 ,edenic river divided into four streams1 #eh-u4 ,edifice of good proportions built by philosophical use of ,masonic tools1 #ghg-l4 ,educated mind appreciates the superiority of law1 #fif-m4 ,education and enlightenment opposed to--1 #afj-l4 ,education may quicken the intellect1 but leave the heart hollow1 #ci-l4 ,education one of the chief missions of ,masonry1 #aec-u4 ,edward the ,second1 election of officers in statutes of1 #cd-u4 ,egean ,islands1 ,dionusos was ,butes1 ,dardanus1 ,imbros in the1 #ehe-m4 ,egg a symbol of the ,greeks1 ,coresians1 ,egyptians1 ,japanese1 ,magi1 etc1 #dgb-m4 ,egg and a serpent a common symbol1 #dif-l4 ,egg at feet of ,bacchus gives up ,love1 who1 with ,night1 organized ,chaos1 #ffc-l4 ,egg borrowed from the ,egyptians and carried to ,greece1 #fee-l4 ,egg divided between the good and evil ,constellations and ,angels1 #dgb-l4 ,egg1 ,good and ,evil1 ,light and ,darkness1 symbolized by the1 #djb-l4 ,egg issued from the mouth of the ,egyptian ,god1 ,kneph1 #dgb-m4 ,egg made use of as a symbol by disciples of ,zoroaster and ,mithra1 #djc-u4 ,egg of generation symbolized by the figure nine1 #fcf-l4 ,egg of philosophy enclosed in a mould of oak1 #ghc-u4 ,egg1 ,phanes1 the luminous ,god1 issues from the ,sacred1 #djd-m4 ,egg1 ,phtha1 image of the ,supreme ,intelligence in the ,world1 comes from an1 #bed-m4 ,egg producing worlds figures in all cosmogonies1 #gga-l4 ,egg represented the concavity of the celestial sphere enclosing all things1 #ffc-l4 ,egg represented the world and its spherical envelope2 symbolism1 #djj4 ,egg1 symbol of the ,universe1 issues from the mouth of ,kneph1 #bed-m4 ,egg symbolizes the double power1 the active and the passive1 #fee-l4 ,egg symbolizes the two ,unities1 the ,soul and the ,intelligence1 #dae-u4 ,egg3 various references to the sacred1 #ffc-l4 ,egypt1 judgment on the dead in1 #ahg-m4 ,egypt2 orthodoxy carried by ,moses out of1 #hdc-l4 ,egypt2 orthodox traditions reigned in the time of ,joseph in1 #hdc-l4 ,egyptian conception of ,deity and the creation of things1 #bha-m4 ,egyptian entombed considered as on his way to a reunion with his ,deity1 #fec-u4 ,egyptian god1 ,apis1 made by ,aaron1 #bjf-m4 ,egyptian ,god1 ,kneph1 the egg issued from the mouth of the1 #dgb-m4 ,egyptian ,gods1 ,horus1 ,isis1 ,osiris1 ,amun1 subordinate to ,athom1 #eig-l4 ,egyptian great ,divinities1 the ,sun and the ,moon1 ,osiris1 ,isis1 #deh-m4 ,egyptian idolatry abhorred by ,persians1 who sought to extirpate it1 #faj-m4 ,egyptian method of dealing with the day short each year1 #dfg-m4 ,egyptian ,mysteries1 summary of the legend of the1 #cge-chj4 ,egyptian ,mysteries1 teachings of1 #cfi-m4 ,egyptian new year fixed by the ,dog ,star or ,sothiac ,period1 #dfg-m4 ,egyptian or ,oriental elements not incorporated by ,philo1 #bec-u4 ,egyptian ,priests knew how to temper action by action1 #hdb-l ,egyptian sanctuaries taught that the earth revolved around the ,sun1 #hdc-u4 ,egyptian ,supreme ,being2 all other gods manifestations of the1 #bha-m4 ,egyptian priests studied abstract sciences1 cultivated the fine arts1 #cfb-l4 ,egyptian ,temples decorated at portals with circle and serpents1 #dif-m4 ,egyptian ,tetractys borrowed by ,pythagoras and the ,hebrews1 #hh-m4 ,egyptian ,triad1 ,osiris1 ,isis1 ,horus1 principles of the1 #hg-m4 ,egyptians a religious people2 their views of the ,universe1 #ffe-m4 ,egyptians adored the ,sun as an infant at the ,winter ,solstice1 #dfe-u4 ,egyptians deemed the name ,isis sacred and incommunicable1 #fbj-u4 ,egyptians1 ,god conceived the ,universe before he created it1 according to the1 #cfi-m4 ,egyptians had but three seasons1 #edi-u4 ,egyptians held the soul immortal and ,osiris was to judge the world #fbc-l4 ,egyptians paint a fish to express hatred1 #def-m4 ,egyptians place intellect and reason first as self existent1 #fad-u4 ,egyptians recognized more than one ,triad1 #edh-l4 ,egyptians recognized as gods the stars of the ,zodiac1 #deh-l4 ,egyptians regarded the ,universe as a great ,deity composed of a4 number of ,gods1 #dei-u4 ,egyptians1 seed vessel of the lotus a sacred symbol to the1 #i-u4 ,egyptians taught reverence for ,one ,supreme ,god #a1ejj years before ,moses1 #cfd-l4 ,egyptians the tutors of the ,greeks in religious dogma1 #fag-u4 ,egyptians worshipped fire1 the river ,nile and other elements1 #dei-u4 ,eight stars of the ,gnostic ogdoade represent the angles of the cube1 #fce-l4 ,eight symbolizes perfection1 #fce-l4 ,eight1 the first cube1 and represents friendship1 justice1 #fce-l4 ,eight1 the first cube1 that of two1 #fj-l4 ,eight1 the octary1 composed of the sacred numbers1 three and five1 #fce-l4 ,eighteenth ,degree1 ,prince 7,knight7 ,rose ,croix1 #bgf-u4 ,eighteenth ,degree replaces the three old pillars with others1 #bhg-l4 ,eighteenth ,degree teaches three things--1 #bhg-l4 ,eighth day of ,greek ,mysteries1 the feast of ,aesculapius1 #dcd-m4 ,eighth ,degree3 ,intendant of the ,building1 #acf-u4 ,eighth ,degree1 teaching of the1 #acg-u4 ,eleatic philosophers treated conceptions as entities1 #fge-l4 ,elect 7,elu7 of the ,nine1 #ith ,degree1 lessons and purposes1 #adi-u4 ,elect2 when the searcher discovers the place in which ,truth is hidden he is a ,true1 #ghe-l4 ,elements and essences a natural and true symbol of ,divine ,power1 #faa-u4 ,elements1 animals1 principles of the ,hermetic ,masons described1 #gia-m4 ,elements1 four1 and ,principles1 three1 reside in all compounds1 #ghd-u4 ,elements1 four1 engender the ,stone in proper combination and weight1 #ghd-m4 ,elements1 when first created1 were in confusion1 but ,god brought order1 #fji-l4 ,elephanta1 ,initiations consummated in the ,temple of1 #cfa-u4 ,eleusiniae1 the ,greater1 celebrated in the month of seed time1 #cid-m4 ,eleusiniae1 the ,greater1 ceremonies of initiation into the1 #cid-m4 ,eleusinian ,mysteries in honor of ,ceres celebrated at ,athens1 #ceb-m4 ,eleusinian ,mysteries of two kinds1 the great and the small1 #ceb-m4 ,eleusinian ,mysteries1 officers1 description1 symbolism1 #daa-dab4 ,eleusinian ,mysteries preserved some symbols of ,magism1 #hdj-u4 ,eleusinian ,mysteries presided over by an officer called ,king1 #ced-l4 ,eleusinian ,mysteries1 the lesser1 a preparation for the greater1 #ceb-l4 ,eleusis1 description of the ceremonies of initiation1 #djc-m4 ,eleusis1 representation of ,sun1 ,moon and ,mercury1 in the ,temple of1 #ac-l4 ,eleusis1 ,temple of1 regarded as the common sanctuary1 #cgi-m4 ,eleusis1 ,universe represented by the ,temple of1 #ac-l4 ,eleventh ,degree1 ,sublime ,elu of the ,twelve1 duties of1 #agf-u4 ,elizabeth and ,cromwell protectors of ,protestants1 #gj-u4 ,elohim not only winged messengers of ,god1 but the ,starry ,host1 #eji-m4 ,elohim1 the ,hebrew name for the universal forces governing the world1 #gbg-u4 ,eloi1 one of the seven ,reflections of the ,ophites1 #efc-m4 ,eloquence a ,force1 #ia-u4 ,eloquence the faculty of making other hearts respond1 #bja-u4 ,elu of the ,fifteen should lead in enlightening1 #aga-l4 ,elu1 ,perfect1 #adth ,degree1 #bah-u4 ,elu1 ,perfect2 when a ,mason is entitled to be called a1 #bbh-l4 ,elus1 or ,elect1 the name of the ,initiates of highest class of ,gnostics1 #edb-l4 ,elxaites adopted the seven spirits of the ,gnostics and named them--1 #efd-m4 ,elysium depicted in ,eleusinian ,mysteries1 #djc-l4 ,emanation1 at the beginning1 gave forth from the ,father ,microprosopos1 #gid-l4 ,emanation2 ,divinity limited1 but not manifested into entities2 world of1 #gfh-l4 ,emanation doctrine fundamental among ,gnostics1 #bdh-l4 ,emanation is a more imperfect1 diminished mode than ,his ,perfection1 #gfj-u4 ,emanation of a ray of light the cause and principle of everything1 #bhf-l4 ,emanation1 the ,thought of the ,supreme ,deity the first1 #efb-l4 ,emanation theory of the ,kabalahists takes the form of ,sephiroth1 #eeb-u4 ,emanations are all included in the ,first ,sephiroth2 ,deity as ,will1 #gff-u4 ,emanations are portions of ,god's ,light or nature1 #gff-u4 ,emanations designate ,god as manifested1 but not the ,supreme1 #bga-m4 ,emanations from the ,universal ,intelligence filled the ,universe1 #ffi-m4 ,emanations1 ,gnostic expression for the #cfe1 #bga-m4 ,emanations1 ,god reveals ,himself only by ,his1 #bfg-u4 ,emanations1 names of ten1 #bfg-m4 ,emanations1 names of the ,basilidean or ,gnostic1 #eed4 ,emanations not beings1 but sources of life1 types of creation1 #bfg-u4 ,emanations of ,deity are his manifested ,creative ,forces1 #gja-m4 ,emanations of ,deity symbolized by lights1 #bjb-l4 ,emanations of the ,empire of ,light make the ,deity manifest1 #efe-l4 ,emanations of the ,kabalah or ,sephiroth1 #bfg-m4 ,emanations of the powers that make up ,divinity in ,zodiacal existence1 #ffi-u4 ,emanations or ,sephiroth are attributes of ,god1 #bfg-m4 ,emanations produced from ,kether by the descent of ,yod1 #gef-u4 ,emanations1 sexual characteristics are symbolically assigned to some1 #gff-u4 ,emanations1 ten in number1 three of one class1 seven of another1 #bcc-m4 ,emanations1 theory of the ,basilidean or ,gnostic1 #eed4 ,emblems a part of the language of ,masonry1 #bda-l4 ,emblems and names of ,deity met in all ,degrees1 #acg-u4 ,emblems are veils that cover the ,truth2 are often misunderstood1 #cca-m4 ,embryo receives the ,soul immediately after conception1 #gee-l4 ,emerald tablet of ,hermes describes the grand agent1 the force1 #ggd-m4 ,empedocles asserted the moving force to be ,mind1 #fgf-l4 ,empire of ,light1 a chain of emanations making manifest the ,deity1 #efe-l4 ,empire of ,light alone is eternal and true1 #efe-l4 ,employed and employer1 teachings of ,scottish ,rite in regard to1 #ccj-m4 ,endeavor1 ,human1 likened to the effects of evaporation1 #cbj-u4 ,endeavor1 success and happiness come from thorough--1 #aie-u4 ,enemies often bring us more profit than our friends1 #had-m4 ,energy1 ,wisdom is the ,intellectual ,generative1 #cje-m4 ,enigmas of ,masonry hide the dogmas of ,magism1 #hci-l4 ,enigmas of the ,sphynx1 #h-l4 ,enigmatical language used in speaking of the secrets of ,nature1 #fei-m4 ,ennead1 an aggregate of nine things or persons1 #fcf-l4 ,ens1 of the ,kabalists1 was possibility of potentiality before existence1 #gfd-m4 ,envy of ,deity instanced in the healing skill of ,aesculapius1 #fhh-u4 ,enoch1 age1 and meaning of the name of1 #baj-m4 ,enoch deposited a cubical stone1 teaching justice1 accuracy1 consistency1 #hbg-u4 ,enoch engraved on stone the dogmas of the science of ,magism1 #hci-l4 ,enoch invented books and writings2 was the same as ,hermes1 #cfc-m4 ,enoch1 ,manetho from certain pillars in ,egypt extracted the history of1 #cfc-l4 ,enoch1 near ,thebes in a winding apartment underground were found the pillars of1 #cfc-l4 ,enoch1 symbolism of the columns of1 #baj-m4 ,enoch1 ,thoth1 or the first ,mercury1 or ,hermes1 made inscriptions on the pillars of1 #cfc-l4 ,eon ,christ ,jesus never really clothed with a human body1 #eei-l4 ,eon1 ,intelligence1 commencement1 first revelation of ,divinity1 the first1 #efj-u4 ,eon ,jesus1 born of a virgin1 united to ,christos1 with ,sophia1 redeemed the world1 #efj-m4 ,eons1 or ,demons of ,satan1 sought to conquer the ,realms of ,light1 #eff-u4 ,eons struggling to be united with ,god were restored to happiness1 #efj-m4 ,eons1 ,truth and ,grace were the ,gnostic1 #eei-l4 ,ephraim compared to an ,ox1 his device the ,celestial ,bull1 #dfa-m4 ,epicureans' wisdom and advantage--1 #fid-m4 ,epicurus prefers the fables of tradition to the necessity of physicists1 #fid-m4 ,epopt becomes a ,seer after initiation1 #ebb-u4 ,equality of all men in the eye of ,god proclaimed by ,christ1 #cji-u4 ,equality of the relation between ,above and ,below forms the ternary1 #gga-l4 ,equality1 the concession which each makes to all1 #dc-l4 ,equality with subjection to ,authority a foundation of ,free ,government1 #hfj-u4 ,equator1 the path between the equinoxes1 #ddg-u4 ,equilateral triangle enters into the composition of the ,pyramids1 #dfj-u4 ,equilateral triangle1 formation of the onmific letter in the center of the1 #ad-u4 ,equilateral triangle formed by stars1 #dhg-m4 ,equilateral triangle inscribed within a ,square a symbol of the ,divine and ,human1 #heh-m4 ,equilateral triangle of the ,pyramid symbolizes fire1 #dfj-u4 ,equilibrium1 a universal law1 symbolized by columns1 #hdc-u4 ,equilibrium adopted by ,deity will be attended with perfect success1 #gfg-u4 ,equilibrium1 between ,authority and individual ,action1 #hfj-u4 ,equilibrium between ,divine ,omnipotence and ,free ,will1 #hei-m4 ,equilibrium between ,good and ,evil1 ,light and ,darkness1 #hei-m4 ,equilibrium between ,necessity and ,liberty1 #hei-m4 ,equilibrium between our ,passions and ,moral ,sense gives a well regulated life1 #hfj-l4 ,equilibrium did not exist when the seven ,kings died1 #gig-l4 ,equilibrium exists between ,evil and ,good in the ,spiritual ,world1 #ghb-l4 ,equilibrium1 in ,deity1 of apparently opposing properties1 #gfi-l4 ,equilibrium in ourselves between the ,spiritual and ,human in man1 #hfj-l4 ,equilibrium in the ,deity between ,infinite ,justice and ,infinite ,mercy1 #hei-u4 ,equilibrium in the ,deity between ,infinite ,wisdom and ,infinite ,power1 #hei-u4 ,equilibrium is in physics the universal law1 #gfi-l4 ,equilibrium is the ,harmony that results from the analogy of contraries1 #hdd-u4 ,equilibrium led the ,initiates to the law of gravitation1 #hdc-u4 ,equilibrium necessary for absolute liberty1 #gcf-l4 ,equilibrium of contraries and resultant harmony taught by the ternary1 #gib-u4 ,equilibrium of contraries produces ,light1 ,wisdom1 ,virtue1 #hde-u4 ,equilibrium of infinite wisdom and force1 ,harmony the result of the1 #h-u4 ,equilibrium of ,jachin and ,boaz brings eternal permanence and stability1 #gcf-l4 ,equilibrium of ,law and ,equity2 ,divine ,infinite ,nature and the ,human ,finite1 #gfh-l4 ,equilibrium of ,light and ,darkness brings resultant ,beauty1 #gib-m4 ,equilibrium of ,mercy and ,justice produce the ,harmony of the ,universe1 #eeb-m4 ,equilibrium of opposites exemplified in the ,kabalist ,trinity1 #eeb-m4 ,equilibrium of ,power and ,wisdom produce ,harmony1 as the ,son1 the ,word1 #eeb-m4 ,equilibrium of spiritual and material to produce ,harmony and ,beauty1 #hee-m4 ,equilibrium of the apparent antagonism in man's nature1 #gfe-u4 ,equilibrium of the ,balance referred to in the ,siphra de ,zeniuta1 #gfb-m4 ,equilibrium of the ,sephiroth or ,divine ,emanations1 #cje-u4 ,equilibrium of the seventh and eighth ,sephiroth brings ,success and ,dominion1 #gcf-l4 ,equilibrium of the ,spiritual and ,material natures1 ,good and ,evil1 #gfd-l4 ,equilibrium of things produced by the counterbalancing of fixedness and movement1 #ggh-l4 ,equilibrium of ,wisdom and ,intelligence1 as male and female1 #hjj-u4 ,equilibrium preceded the turning of face to face by the ,father and ,mother1 #gie-l4 ,equilibrium produced by the contrasts of the universal forces1 #gbg-u4 ,equilibrium restored upon the descent of the seven ,conformations1 #ghh-m4 ,equilibrium results from the apparent opposition of two forces1 #gfi-l4 ,equilibrium2 the balancing of ,forces1 or the science of1 #hdc-u4 ,equilibrium1 the mystery of the ,balance in the ,sohar1 #cje-u4 ,equilibrium1 the supreme law of a ,force which1 if controlled1 is infinite power1 #gcd-u4 ,equilibrium which explains the ,mysteries of ,nature symbolized by--1 #edh-m4 ,equilibrium1 with the ,supreme ,will holding the balance is the foundation of religion and science1 #gfi-l4 ,equilibrium's laws forgotten in the plans for the end of ,evil1 #hdg-l4 ,equinox1 season for celebrating the ,mysteries of the ,autumnal1 #djd-l4 ,equinoxes1 reference to the struggle between ,light and ,darkness in the1 #djd-l4 ,equinoxes1 tables giving entrances of the ,sun at the1 #dej-u4 ,equinoxes1 the ancient initiations connected with the1 #djd-l4 ,equinoxes the gates through which souls passed to and fro1 #dac-l4 ,equinoxes1 #be1hef years constitutes a revolution of the1 #ddi-l4 ,equipoise2 distinction and harmonious ponderation of contrary forces in the universal1 #hdh-u4 ,equipoise1 exemplification three times of the universal law of1 #cbb-l4 ,equipoise of ,necessity and ,liberty can not be understood by ,reason1 #hdh-l4 ,equity and ,justice characteristics of a ,prince of ,jerusalem1 #bda-m4 ,equity the result of the equilibrium of ,infinite ,justice and ,mercy1 #hei-u4 ,erring brother to be spoken kindly to1 #acd-u4 ,erring1 wisdom taught by the consequences of1 #aha-u4 ,error is the ,shadow of ,truth with which ,god illumines the ,soul1 #hde-m4 ,errors and prejudices1 ,truth to be substituted in public opinion for1 #bah-m4 ,errors have seemed to be truths at times in public opinion1 #bah-l4 ,eslik ,khan the final judge in the doctrine of ,lhamaism1 #fbd-u4 ,esoteric and exoteric doctrines1 a distinction purely ,masonic1 #bej-u4 ,esoteric and exoteric doctrine1 difference between1 #bdh-u4 ,esoteric meaning of the ,ineffable ,name1 #fig-l4 ,esoteric meaning of the generation and production ideas1 #gja-l4 ,essence of ,god includes ,wisdom1 ,justice1 ,truth1 ,mercy and--1 #ehb-m4 ,essence3 the ,truth1 ,beauty1 the ,good1 but one1 #gjb-l4 ,essenes adopted the doctrines of ,john the ,baptist1 #bfb-u4 ,essenes1 abstinence and maceration practiced by the1 #bfj-u4 ,essenes1 belief and practices of the1 #bfe-u4 ,essenes believed in the esoteric as well as the exoteric meanings1 #bfe-l4 ,essenes believed in the resurrection of the soul alone1 #bfe-m4 ,essenes connected by the ,tetractys with ,pythagoreans1 #bfd-l4 ,essenes1 ,forms1 ceremonies1 ,orders and principles of the1 #bfc-l4 ,essenes1 in their devotions1 turned towards the rising ,sun1 #bfd-l4 ,essenes1 mysticism and allegories found in the writings of the1 #bfe-l4 ,essenes not mentioned by ,christ2 doctrines nearly similar1 #bfj-m4 ,essenes observed the festivals of the ,solstices1 #bfe-l4 ,essenes1 ,persian and ,pythagorean opinions intermingled by the1 #bei-l4 ,essenes required the tests of several degrees before admittance1 #chf-u4 ,essenes resided in ,palestine in the vicinity of the ,dead ,sea1 #bfj-u4 ,essenes spoken of by ,josephus1 ,eusebius and ,pliny as an ancient sect1 #bfd-m4 ,essenes1 tenets of ,confucius and ,zoroaster resembled those of the1 #bfd-l4 ,essenes1 the ,eclectic ,sect of ,philosophers1 esteemed ,plato1 #bfe-m4 ,essenes1 the faith of ,john1 so nearly ,christianity was that of the1 #bfc-m4 ,essenes1 the #agth ,degree1 particularly concerned with the1 #bei-l4 ,essenes were distinguished by simplicity and moral practices1 #bei-l4 ,essenes1 ,zend ,avesta prescribes observances similar to those of the1 #bfj-u4 ,essenes1 ,zoroastrian principles prevailed in the moral practices of the1 #bfj-u4 ,essential laws of fixedness and movement1 counterbalanced1 produce equilibrium1 #ggh-l4 ,establishment1 for the ,christian ,mason1 represented by ,boaz4 #fda-m4 ,eternal ,laws which preserve the ,universe the expression of ,god's ,thought1 #egg-u4 ,eternal life represented by a ,tan cross with a circle over it4 #eje-u4 ,eternal ,mover1 wholly in act1 implied by ,aristotle1 #fgi-u4 ,eternity enthroned amid ,heaven's starry heights1 #aij-l4 ,eternity1 openings in the curtains of ,time give glimpses of1 #aii-m4 ,eternity symbolized by a serpent with its tail in its mouth1 #dif-m4 ,ether1 ,electricity1 ,heat1 fill and permeate the ,universe1 #hde-l4 ,ether extends everywhere1 called the ,soul of the ,world1 #gdh-m4 ,ethics of ,confucius and the ,chinese1 #afi-l4 ,ethiopians changed ,hindu ,trinity to ,creative ,power1 ,goodness1 ,wisdom1 #eej-l4 ,etruscan gate at ,volterra has three heads on it1 upon keystone and over side pillars1 #eea-m4 ,etruscan name for the ,sun ,god was ,arkaleus or ,hercules1 #ehg-u4 ,etruscans1 a race from the ,rhaetian ,alps1 acknowledged one ,god1 #eea-u4 ,etruscans had images for the ,one ,god's attributes1 #eea-u4 ,eucharist and other ,holy ,sacraments kept in secrecy1 #eda-l4 ,euclid's forty-seventh1 proposition in diagram and described1 #ghi-m4 ,euphrates1 a stream of the ,edenic river1 #eh-u4 ,euresis1 or the finding1 was the recovery of the body of ,osiris by ,isis1 #cgg-u4 ,euripides concludes that men act wrongly through neglect1 #fij-l4 ,eusebius asserts that ,god is not separate from the ,universe1 #ffg-m4 ,eusebius gives names of principal officers of ,eleusis1 #daa-m4 ,eusebius' statements concerning ,therapeutae and ,gospels1 #bfe-m4 ,eva1 the generic ,oriental name of the ,serpent1 #did-u4 ,evangelic symbols depict the ,magi guided by a ,star and bearing gift1 #gcj-l4 ,evaporation1 mighty effects of the slow1 invisible process of1 #cai-m4 ,eve1 created by ,ialdaboth1 had children1 evil angels1 #efc-m4 ,eve1 created by the ,demons1 seduced ,adam and bound him to matter1 #efg-u4 ,eve issues from the chest of ,adam1 #gga-m4 ,eve signifies a serpent and life circulating through all ,nature1 #cgf-m4 ,eve's ternary name1 added to ,yod1 gives ,jehovah1 ,divine ,tetragram1 #gga-m4 ,even numbers traced backwards ended in nothing1 #fah-l4 ,evidence of the ,templar origin of modern ,free ,masonry1 #hbj-l4 ,evil1 a ,principle of ,evil assumed to account for the existence of1 #bgg-u4 ,evil affects ,deity's intellectual nature and man's moral responsibility1 #fhd-m4 ,evil1 all in the world is not1 #bad-u4 ,evil and ,darkness synonymous because ,darkness despoils man of enjoyments1 #ffj-m4 ,evil and ,good1 as independent existences1 explained by theories1 #fhb4 ,evil and ,good1 categorical questions concerning1 #fdh4 ,evil and ,good1 coexisting1 not explained1 but staved off by theories1 #fhg-u4 ,evil and prosperity2 light and darkness caused by ,jehovah1 #fhg-m4 ,evil and ,sorrow necessary in ,humanity1 #hdg-l4 ,evil at first occult and could not be brought forth till ,adam sinned1 #gif-m4 ,evil created by ,deity1 according to the ,sohar and ,isaiah1 #gif-m4 ,evil created from the fragments of the broken vessels of the ,sephiroth1 #gid-l4 ,evil coexistent with the wisdom1 goodness1 omnipotence of ,deity1 #fhd-m4 ,evil demon in eternal controversy with ,god does not exist1 #hei-l4 ,evil did not include the three numerations first emanated1 #gif-m4 ,evil ,force1 or ,devil1 personified by--1 #ajb-l4 ,evil ,genii and ,signs were the ,balance1 ,scorpion1 ,serpent1 ,dragon1 #ffd-u4 ,evil2 ,god does not tempt or constrain men to do1 #hdh-l4 ,evil implied by the contemplation of the ,good1 #fha-l4 ,evil is temporary and for beneficent purposes1 #bgd-u4 ,evil is the shadow of the ,good1 and inseparable from it1 #hdf-l4 ,evil2 laws of equilibrium forgotten in the dreams of the end of1 #hdg-l4 ,evil1 matter at feud with the spirit from ,deity is the ,genius of1 #bha-l4 ,evil must have preceded man's moral development1 #fhj-m4 ,evil1 overthrow of1 by a ,redeemer taught in the #ahth ,degree1 #bhg-l4 ,evil1 ,persians imagined two ,principles to explain the existence of ,good and1 #cjj-m4 ,evil personified by error continued by the worship of abstractions1 #fid-u4 ,evil principle a necessary existence1 a ,hindu dogma1 #fjd-m4 ,evil principle itself becomes ,good1 according to the ,chaldeans1 #edi-u4 ,evil principle formed from the darkness1 #eie-m4 ,evil principle the motive power of brute matter1 #dgd-l4 ,evil principle to be overcome by a ,redeemer or ,mediator1 #bgg-m4 ,evil principle triumphant represented by ,second ,apartment1 #bhh-m4 ,evil principle urges men towards--1 #bba-m4 ,evil results from idol worship1 #fia-m4 ,evil sought to be explained by the ,hebrew ,fall of man1 #fhe-m4 ,evil spirits at war with the ,pure ,intelligences1 #bhf-l4 ,evil spirits seduced ,man and caused his ,fall1 #bhf-l4 ,evil symbolized by ,winter and ,typhon1 #ddg-l4 ,evil1 the serpent held to be the symbol of malevolence and all1 #dig-u4 ,evil to end and ,good reign in eternity but a poet's dream1 #hdg-l4 ,evil will be overthrown by an emanation from ,god1 #bgd-u4 ,evil will disappear when ,odin kills the great snake1 #eic-u4 ,evil with an independent existence creates a dilemma1 #fha-l4 ,evil would not have been if ,deity had not created worlds and then destroyed them1 #gig-m4 ,evil1 wrong1 suffering1 but temporary discords in a great ,harmony1 #egg-u4 ,evils came from the fragments of the vessels1 the ,kings from ,binah1 #gig-u4 ,evils created by ,deity to afflict men when they sin2 blessing to reward the just1 #gig-l4 ,evils foreseen by ,god are provided for and consistent with his love1 #gaf-u4 ,evils occur because ,god wills them to afford occasion for resignation1 #gag-u4 ,evils to be warred against now as in former days1 #egh-m4 ,evil's worlds created from the shattered numerations from ,benignity1 #gif-m4 ,evolution and development followed the ,idea of ,creation in ,deity1 #gfg-u4 ,examples are the most lasting lectures1 #aha-l4 ,exceptions to the rule that virtue is rewarded and vice punished1 #gje-l4 ,excommunication of ,church of ,rome1 #gd-m4 ,exhalation1 definition of term in astrology1 #dfc-l4 ,exhalation of planets made the occasion of a feast1 #dfc-l4 ,existence of ,god known through the ,power communicated to man by the ,word1 #eih-u4 ,existence1 the ,gnostics distinguished three orders of1 #efj-l4 ,existence1 the ,supreme ,being the only ,real1 #bff-l4 ,existence without a beginning1 self-existence1 inconceivable1 #egj-m4 ,existence without consciousness is an abstract being1 #gjf-m4 ,existences and ,superior ,intelligence the basis of doctrines1 #eec-u4 ,exultation at deserved fall shrinks abashed at ,god's chastisement1 #hac-u4 ,ezekiel directs a ,tau cross placed on the people of ,jerusalem who--1 #ejc-l4 ,ezekiel1 symbolism of the number four in the vision of1 #eh-u4 ,ezekiel's prophecy not explained by ,christians1 #gca-u4 ,ezekiel's visions are mysterious expressions1 #cba-l4 ,f ,fabrication1 matter and bodies1 as it were of manufacture1 the world of1 #gfh-l4 ,fabrications1 ,world1 embraces the six members contained in ,malakoth1 #gie-l4 ,faith1 a great moral ,force1 is the only true ,wisdom1 #ia-m4 ,faith1 a necessity1 #bh-l4 ,faith and ,reason1 domain of each1 #bh-m4 ,faith begins where ,reason sinks exhausted1 #hda-m4 ,faith1 blind1 sets ,reason at defiance and leads to--1 #cjd-m4 ,faith enables us to see that ,evil is consistent with ,infinite ,goodness and ,mercy1 #hei-l4 ,faith has for its bases sentiment and reason1 #ggf-u4 ,faith1 ,hope1 ,charity1 replace the three pillars of the old ,temple1 #bhg-u4 ,faith1 ,hope1 ,charity1 the old pillars under new names1 #bhh-u4 ,faith1 man only responsible for the uprightness of his1 #aff-u4 ,faith must have a foundation in ,reason or consciousness1 #cja-m4 ,faith necessary for guidance of man1 #aig-u4 ,faith reared on the foundations of ,god's justice and the law of merit1 #gjf-u4 ,faith1 the converse of arrogant confidence1 represented by the ,sun1 #gbg-l4 ,faith1 the ,light by which the human soul is enabled to see itself1 #hji-l4 ,faith will stumble and sentiment mislead unless knowledge directs1 #gaj-l4 ,faithful held meetings in private places at night to avoid persecution1 #edc-m4 ,faithful instructed in the grand mysteries of ,christianity1 #eda-l4 ,faithful only were admitted to the ,christian ,mysteries1 #edd-u4 ,faithful1 the second ,mass of the ,christian ,mysteries called that of the1 #eda-l4 ,faithful1 the third degree of the ,christian mysteries1 #eda-l4 ,faithfulness to family1 friends1 country1 #aab-m4 ,faithfulness to ,masonic vows and pledges1 #aab-u4 ,faiths1 excellent moral precepts in all1 #afg-l4 ,fall of ,man1 cause and remedy for the1 #bha-m4 ,fall of ,man1 ,jewish origin of the1 #cgf-m4 ,fall of ,man necessary to account for the imperfections of work of a ,perfect ,being1 #fhe-l4 ,fall of ,man1 process of redemption1 #bhg-u4 ,fall of ,man symbolizes a universal allegory of science1 #ajj-l4 ,fall of ,man1 symbolism and meaning of the1 #cje-l4 ,fall of ,man1 the ,hebrew mode of explaining the great moral mystery1 #fhe-m4 ,fallacy of general propositions of man's right to this or that1 #hce-l4 ,falsehood a part of campaigns and controversies1 #ccg-m4 ,falsehood and ,dishonesty1 vices of the age1 #egh-l4 ,falsehood is crime in words2 ,injustice the essence of1 #ajj-l4 ,falsehood sowed by the ,press1 #egi-u4 ,fan1 purification of air and water symbolized by vase and winnowing1 #dab-m4 ,fasting an indication of moral purity1 #ebj-l4 ,fatality is the linking together of effects and causes in a given order1 #gch-u4 ,father1 a name for ,deity even amongst the rudest nations1 #fhc-u4 ,father and ,mother were face to face after the state of equilibrium was established1 #gie-l4 ,father as ,wisdom1 the ,mother as ,intelligence1 are in equilibrium1 #hjj-u4 ,father1 ,hakemah1 denoting perfect ,love1 did not look ,binah in the face1 #gfc-u4 ,father is ,love and ,mercy who impregnates the ,mother with ,benignity1 #gif-u4 ,father of ,all1 the world unanimous in the belief of one ,king and1 #eab-u4 ,father ,principle 7the ,male or ,generative7 comprehended in ,yod1 #gfc-l4 ,father1 the ,spirit1 active principle or generating power1 #hg-m4 ,fathers ,benignity1 ,severity1 ,beauty1 proceed from the ,father of ,fathers1 #gid-l4 ,father's ,first and ,only begotten is the ,word1 #hdi-l4 ,faust ascends to ,heaven by stepping on the head of ,mephistopheles1 #hbb-l4 ,faust1 ,john1 influence of printing1 the invention of1 #cad-u4 ,faust with his types worked great results1 #dc-u4 ,favors must not be forgotten1 #abc-u4 ,fear is always cruel1 and ,rome feared the heresy of the ,templars1 #hbj-m4 ,fear of ,wisdom that it would ascend to ,kether or descend into ,binah1 #gif-m4 ,feast ,day of ,mithras1 according to the ,roman ,calendar1 ,dec4 #beth1 #ehg-m4 ,feasts established in honor of each planet at exhaltation1 #dfc-m4 ,feasts fixed by risings1 settings1 conjunction of the fixed stars1 #dfd-u4 ,feasts marked the annual crises1 the solstices and equinoxes1 #gad-u4 ,feasts of ,passover1 ,neuroz1 of ,fire and ,light1 when ,sun was in ,aries1 #dfc-l4 ,fellow-,craft compass has one point above and one below the ,square1 #hed-l4 ,fellow-,craft ,degree1 the #bnd1 #bb-u4 ,fellow-,craft1 ,reason1 ,love1 ,faith1 must guide the studies of a1 #bh-m4 ,fellow-,craft studies the vegetable kingdom1 symbolized by ,schib1 #fcb-u4 ,fellow-,craft taught not to become wise in his own conceit1 #ch-l4 ,fellow-,craft's grip1 ,philosophy1 fails to raise the candidate1 #fdj-l4 ,fellow-,crafts in search of assassins1 number1 reference to ,stars1 #dhi4 ,fellow-,crafts in search of the body represent the twelve ,apostles1 #fda-l4 ,fellowship1 points of1 first among the ordinances of ,masonry1 #acg-u4 ,fellowship symbolized by the five-pointed star or ,pentangle1 #fcd-m4 ,female and male coupled are the ,perfection of all things1 #hjj-u4 ,female characteristics given to ,malakoth1 in the ,kabalah1 #gfi-m4 ,female is ,he1 is left2 male is ,yod1 is right2 ,vav is male and female1 #gfc-m4 ,female principle in ,alchemy represented by ,fire and ,water1 #gia-l4 ,female represented by the base of a right angle triangle1 #ghi-m4 ,female side of ,hermetic figure has a ,moon2 a hand holding a ,square1 #hej-m4 ,ferouer1 a pre-existing soul1 the ,idea of ,plato1 #bef-l4 ,ferouers1 the third order of spirits1 ,thoughts of ,ormuzd1 #beg-m4 ,festival of the ,winter ,solstice1 the ,yuletide1 became our ,christmas1 #cfh-u4 ,festivals of the ,druidical and ,gothic ,mysteries1 #cfg-cfh4 ,fidelity of man1 everything that exists around us centers upon the1 #aii-m4 ,fidelity to obligation a leading lesson in the #aeth ,degree1 #bcg-u4 ,fifteenth ,degree an allegory based on historical truth1 #bcg-u4 ,fifth day of ,greek ,mysteries1 procession of torches1 #dcc-l4 ,fifth ,degree1 ,perfect ,master1 #aad-u4 ,figurative and allegorical language in ,oriental books1 #hah-m4 ,figurative language used by the ancients to describe secrets of nature1 #fei-m4 ,finite beings impressed by illusions according to ,hindu dogma1 #fjd-l4 ,finite man desires to see and talk to ,infinity1 #ecj-m4 ,finite minds comprehend only by division1 #gjb-l4 ,finite minds conceive ,truth1 ,beauty and ,good as three essences1 #gjb-l4 ,finite minds1 ,god can not infuse infinite conceptions into1 #bbb-u4 ,finite1 no correct idea of the ,infinite can be formed by the1 #bbb-u4 ,fire and heat have an analogy with life1 #ffd-l4 ,fire and light according to the old ,persian idea1 #faa-m4 ,fire and light represent attributes of ,divinity in ,hebrew writings1 #faa-u4 ,fire animates the stars and circulates in nature and includes all souls1 #cii-l4 ,fire gives the elements and principles of compound movement1 #ghd-m4 ,fire invoked as ,son of ,ormuzd1 #fab-m4 ,fire1 its splendor1 light1 their relative effects and relations1 #gda-u4 ,fire of the ,hermetics1 secret1 living1 philosophical1 spoken of reservedly1 #gge-u4 ,fire of the ,sun the principle of organization and life of things1 #fdd-l4 ,fire1 one of the symbols of spiritual regeneration in the ,mysteries1 #ceg-l4 ,fire1 ,ptha1 the principal agent of the creative and productive1 #bed-m4 ,fire1 sacred1 representing the soul returned to its origin when--1 #che-u4 ,fire1 soul of the world and universal principle likened to the celestial1 #dag-m4 ,fire the ,primal ,ether1 according to the ,chaldean ,oracles1 #gdb-m4 ,fire used as a test to represent the possible purification of the soul1 #cig-u4 ,fire would not warm if it could not also burn human flesh1 #hdf-l4 ,first ,begotten ,son of ,god was the ,word1 not the first created1 #ggb-m4 ,first ,born1 the ,creative ,agent emanated from ,male and ,female ,force1 #bfg-m4 ,first ,born1 the ,primitive ,man1 ,adam ,kadmon1 ,light of ,lights1 #bfg-m4 ,first ,cause a necessity2 the ,intelligent ,soul of the ,universe1 #egd-m4 ,first ,causes which flow from the ,first ,cause are resulting and finite4 in mode1 #gfj-u4 ,first day of ,greek ,mysteries the initiates assemble2 time1 #dcc-m4 ,first ,degree1 ,apprentice1 #a-m4 ,first principles of all existences are unity and duality1 #fcj-l4 ,first ,principle1 ,plato on the nature of1 #ii-u4 ,fish3 early ,christian mark shaped like a1 #edg-l4 ,fish painted on monuments to express hatred by ,egyptians1 #def-m4 ,five a mysterious number1 compounded of ,binary and ,ternary1 #fcc-l4 ,five circuits in #hth ,degree allude to points of fellowship1 #acg-u4 ,five expressed by five-pointed or blazing star1 #eh-m4 ,fire expresses the state of imperfection we see on earth1 #fcc-l4 ,five is the ,duad added to the ,triad2 symbolism of numbers1 #eh-m4 ,five1 measures the hypothenuse1 obtained from the three and four1 #hfa-m4 ,five offers the image of the ,bad principle1 bringing trouble1 #fcc-l4 ,five points1 or rules1 observed by the ,scottish ,masters1 #ghb-u4 ,five primitive powers1 elements1 recognised by ,indians and ,chinese1 #dfi-l4 ,five1 the emblem of marriage2 ,juno's hieroglyph was five1 #fcd-u4 ,five1 the number of the ,fellow-,craft ,degree1 from the ,hyades1 #dhg-u4 ,fixed1 applied to everything that tends to central repose and immobility1 #ggh-l4 ,flamel made the ,rose the sign of accomplishment of the ,great ,work1 #hba-l4 ,flamel1 ,nicholas1 treats of ,hermetic ,science1 #ggd-l4 ,flamel1 the ,book of the ,jew1 ,abraham1 #hba-l4 ,flaming ,star1 a symbol of the ,ramsay ,degree of ,grand ,scottish ,master1 #ghb-u4 ,flaming ,star the emblem of the ,shekinah or presence of ,god1 #ghb-l4 ,flood1 the number seven in connection with accounts of the1 #bcc-m4 ,fo1 the ,chinese name for the ,hindu ,god1 ,sakya1 #eea-m4 ,fo1 the ,indian ,buddha1 the ,great ,deity himself1 #dbi-m4 ,follies of the ,alchemists to save them from persecution1 #gcc-u4 ,folly to repine because we are not angels1 #fif-m4 ,fomalhaut near ,pisces1 malignant influence of ,sign1 #def-m4 ,force and strength subordinate to mildness and goodness1 #fha-l4 ,force described in the ,hermetic tablets of emerald is the grand agent of the operations1 #ggd-l4 ,force1 harmony of the world maintained by the ,soul of ,nature2 ,divine1 #ffh-m4 ,force1 ,harmony1 ,wisdom1 the ,great ,attributes of the ,essence of ,deity1 #eca-m4 ,force1 if possessed1 enables man to revolutionize the world1 #gcd-u4 ,force1 ,intellect1 must regulate the people's blind1 #a-m4 ,force of ,god exerted on two invisible gases forms water1 #hde-l4 ,force of the people must be limited1 restrained1 #d-l4 ,force of the people symbolized by the gavel1 #e-u4 ,force1 stronger than rage1 represented by ,mars1 #gbg-l4 ,force1 unregulated or ill-regulated1 a menace1 #a-m4 ,force which animates all emanates from the ,heavenly eternal fire1 #fff-l4 ,force1 the ,executing and ,creating ,power1 #eca-m4 ,force which repels a ,planet from the ,sun no more evil than the other1 #hfj-u4 ,forces analogous and contrary the one to the other produce equilibrium1 #gbg-u4 ,forces at man's disposal1 his ,working ,tools1 #hh-ib4 ,forces3 ,faith1 ,hope1 ,charity1 the greatest moral1 #ia-m4 ,forces1 ,first ,born1 emanated from generative and conceptive1 #bfg-m4 ,forces in action and opposition result in ,harmony and movement1 #hei-l4 ,forces mechanical and materiality of agents of ,divinity explain nothing1 #gbi-m4 ,forces of ,divinity1 ,light1 ,spirit and ,life1 ,primitive1 #bfg-m4 ,forces of nature man's slaves or masters1 #gcd-u4 ,forces of the ,universe the forces of ,god1 #gjg-m4 ,forces opposing one another in action are not necessarily antagonistic1 #hfj-u4 ,forces or ,impulses in continual conflict cause ,life and ,movement1 #hdf-u4 ,forces1 or ,working ,tools2 importance of appreciating the value of1 #ia-l4 ,forces1 the centrifugal and centripetal1 #fga-m4 ,forces1 the science of the equilibrium or the balancing of1 #hdc-u4 ,forgiveness is wiser than ,revenge or punishment1 #hei-u4 ,forgiveness more noble than revenge1 #gf-u4 ,form into which ,deity conformed himself the likeness of ,his form1 #gid-u4 ,form is the ,light inclosed in the seeds of all species1 #ghc-m4 ,form of the human is the form of all above and below and includes it1 #gid-u4 ,formation1 the first forms1 souls or physical natures1 is the world of1 #gfh-l4 ,formations1 ,world1 embraces the six members contained in ,tephareth1 #gie-l4 ,formless ,deity present in all forms an idea of the ,hindu philosophy1 #fgc-m4 ,formula of baptism among the ,gnostics1 #efa-l4 ,fortune deified by error continued by the worship of abstraction1 #fid-u4 ,fortunate number is seven2 leads to the perfect number1 #fbh-l4 ,forty days of mourning for ,osiris1 then the ,vernal ,equinox1 #dhf-u4 ,forty-seventh ,proposition1 explanation and numbers of1 #hg-u4 ,forty-seventh ,proposition of the first book of ,euclid in diagram1 #ghi-m4 ,forty-seventh ,proposition stated1 #hf-l4 ,foundation of all religions and sciences1 the primary and immutable idea of things is--1 #gfi-l4 ,four a divine number1 the number of letters in the name of ,deity1 #fcc-l4 ,four devices of the ,degree2 hear1 see1 silence1 enjoyment1 #fbi-l4 ,four expressed by the square2 symbolism of the number1 #eh-u4 ,four horses of different colors drew the chariot of the ,sun at the games1 #dfd-m4 ,four1 in the ,kabalah1 expresses the law of natural phenomena1 #gcb-u4 ,four letters in the ,hebrew ,ineffable name1 #fcb-l4 ,four letters of the ,tetragram contain everything1 #gcb-m4 ,four represented ,nature1 #bji-u4 ,four represents the generative power1 an emblem of the ,infinite1 #fcb-l4 ,four symbolizes a man bearing with himself a ,divine principle1 #fcc-m4 ,four1 the number of the ,square1 the measure of the perpendicular1 #hfa-m4 ,fourteenth ,degree1 ,grand ,elect ,perfect and ,sublime ,mason1 #bah-u4 ,fourteenth ,degree1 ,perfect ,elu1 #bah-u4 ,fourth day of ,greek ,mysteries1 mystic wreath of flowers in procession1 #dcc-l4 ,fourth ,degree1 ,secret ,master1 #ajf-u4 ,fraternity1 ,christ proclaimed a universal1 #cji-u4 ,fraternity fruitful of good works preserved by ,masonry1 #acg-l4 ,fraternity1 the protection of each by all1 #dc-l4 ,fraternity with subordination to the ,wisest and ,best a foundation of ,free ,government1 #hfj-u4 ,frea1 ,odin1 ,thor1 the ,scandinavian ,trinity1 #eeb-u4 ,frea1 wife of ,odin1 one of the ,northern triune ,deity1 #ac-l4 ,free agency and our will are forces1 #f-l4 ,free agency of man1 or is he controlled by necessity1 #fhd-m4 ,free agency of man to do evil or choose good1 #egg-u4 ,free government by people themselves a hard problem1 #cc-m4 ,free government can not long endure when--1 #bjc-u4 ,free government constituted by equilibrium between ,authority and ,individual ,action1 #hfj-u4 ,free government grows slowly1 #cc-m4 ,free ,government requires foundations of ,liberty4 ,equality1 ,fraternity1 #hfj-u4 ,free governments promoted by disciplines of war1 monarchy1 priesthood1 #ib-l4 ,free popular power only known in hour of adversity1 #cc-l4 ,free1 to be1 the same thing as to be--1 #ahj-m4 ,free will and election a necessity since good and evil are in the world1 #gig-l4 ,free will and inexorable ,law difficult of comprehension1 #fhi-u4 ,free ,will and ,omnipotence in equilibrium gives the ,law of right and wrong1 #hei-m4 ,free will1 categorical questions concerning man's1 #fdi-u4 ,free will consistent with ,god's ,omnipotence and ,omniscience1 #hee-u4 ,free will coupled with ,chance1 or ,fatalism coupled ,with ,omniscience1 #fid-l4 ,free will of ,god can not formulate an effect without a cause1 #gcf-u4 ,free will of man influences his life and conversation1 #fdc-u4 ,free will the essential attribute of the will itself1 #gbc-m4 ,freedom1 civil and religious1 must go hand in hand1 #cc-u4 ,freedom determined by an agency external to us1 #fhf-m4 ,freedom1 great need for guides who will not seek to be tyrants1 #ie-u4 ,freedom1 human1 symbolized by ,khurum1 the ,master1 #baa-u4 ,freedom morally comes when ,chance and ,necessity give place to law1 #fie-m4 ,freedom of man connected with his freedom of thought1 #fhf-m4 ,freedom of man lies in his reason1 #id-m4 ,freedom sensed when the individual independence develops itself according to its own laws1 #fie-m4 ,freemasonry is the subjugation of the ,human that is in man by the ,divine1 #hed-l4 ,freres ,macons1 ,brethren ,masons1 corrupted into ,free ,masons1 #haf-m4 ,friends and ,home more than offset sufferings and desolations1 #ada-u4 ,friendship and sympathy1 a ,force1 #hh-l4 ,fruit will come in the due season if we plant the seed1 #cag-u4 ,fruit of ,knowledge of good and evil2 ,adam forbidden to eat of the1 #efg-u4 ,furniture of a ,lodge1 #aa-m4 ,future1 a scene for speculation1 #aci-m4 ,future1 best preparation for1 make best use of ,present1 #aci-l4 ,future existence in which injustices will be remedied1 #hcj-l4 ,future life and rewards and punishments there taught in the ,mysteries1 #cib-u4 ,future life1 doctrine of a1 clothed in the pomp of mysterious ceremony1 #che-u4 ,future1 light let in on the present by the contemplation of the1 #bcb-l4 ,future punishments described in the ,mysteries to impose the lesson--1 #cie-l4 ,future punishments in ,tartarus depicted1 #cif-m4 ,future punishments were real to the ,profane1 though allegorical to the ,initiate1 #cif-m4 ,future reward and punishments a fundamental principle of the ,hindu religion1 #fjd-m4 ,g ,g in the ,fellow-,craft ,degree represents ,god and ,geometry1 #fdj-m4 ,g1 represents the ,hebrew ,jod or ,yod1 the generative principle1 #fcb-u4 ,g said to signify ,geometry1 #dj-m4 ,g1 initial letter of the ,hebrew word ,geparaith1 signifying ,sulphur1 #ghj-m4 ,gabriel1 the face of the ,ox1 on north and left hand1 with ,he1 and ,fire1 #gih-m4 ,gad1 as a warrior1 has for device the ,ram1 domicile of ,mars1 #dfa-l4 ,gain1 necessity of shaking off the love of2 effects of1 #dj-u4 ,galen states that differing schools of study were equally important1 #gaa-u4 ,gamaliel1 the ,rabbi1 taught ,paul the ,kabalah1 #gfi-u4 ,games of the circus in honor of the ,sun1 ,nature1 ,planets1 ,elements1 #dfa-u4 ,garment is an interposed medium1 #gie-u4 ,garment nearest ,his substance is the vacant space of creative acts1 #gdh-u4 ,gate of ,men through which souls descended was called ,cancer1 #dch-u4 ,gate of the ,gods through which souls reascended was called ,capricorn1 #dch-u4 ,gates at the steps of the ladder1 names1 material1 symbolism1 #dad-u4 ,gates of the ,sun1 ,souls descended from ,heaven to earth through the1 #dch-u4 ,gates through which souls descended and reascended used in ,mysteries1 #dab-dac4 ,gautama1 the ,hindu ,god1 ,sakya1 so called by the ,ceylonese1 #eea-m4 ,gavel1 hieroglyphic picture of a ,master's1 #hj-l4 ,gea and ,ouranos1 ,grecian ,deities of ,earth and ,heaven1 #hej-l4 ,geburah1 in the ,kabalah1 is called ,judgment1 which includes limitation1 #gfd-l4 ,geburah1 ,mother1 ,severity or ,strict ,justice1 the fifth ,sephiroth1 #eeb-m4 ,geburah1 one of the ,sephiroth2 ,austerity1 ,rigor or ,severity1 #gec-m4 ,geburah represents1 or is1 the ,ox1 #gih-m4 ,geburah1 the ,sephiroth1 conjoined sexually with ,gedulah to produce ,tepareth1 #gfd-l4 ,gaber1 an ,arab1 cultivated the ,hermetic ,science1 #hdj-l4 ,gedulah and ,geburah1 the two arms of ,adam ,kadmon1 #geh-u4 ,gedulah1 ,geburah1 ,tepareth denoted by ,yod1 ,he1 ,vau1 #gih-m4 ,gedulah1 one of the ,sephiroth2 magnificence or ,benignity1 #gec-m4 ,gedulah or ,khased1 ,father1 ,benignity or ,mercy1 the fourth ,sephiroth1 #eeb-m4 ,gedulah represents or is the ,lion1 #gih-m4 ,gemini1 ,castor and ,pollux1 the ,dioscuri1 the ,cabiri1 #ded-m4 ,generation begins with the vegetable kingdom1 hence ,g is displayed1 #fcb-u4 ,generation constituted the process of ,creation1 to the ancients1 #gga-l4 ,generation is the meaning of the letter ,g1 or ,jod or ,yod1 in triangle1 #fcb-u4 ,generation of ,angels and ,worlds the secret of the ,occult ,sciences1 #hdd-u4 ,generation primarily by the action of the ,sun1 secondarily by the ,moon1 #feg4 ,generation solely caused by the ,sun1 ,moon and ,stars1 #dfi-l4 ,generation symbolized by ,gemini1 the ,twins1 at remote period1 #dja-l4 ,generation the effect of the union of the ,active and ,passive1 #feg4 ,generation1 the ,power of1 #cje-m4 ,generative and ,productive are always in conjunction1 #gff-l4 ,generative number1 the ,unit1 and two1 #fbh-m4 ,generative organs carried in procession2 mutilation of1 #dab-l4 ,generative organs venerated by all ancient people as symbols1 #fef-m4 ,generative ,power or ,spirit and ,matter originally in ,deity1 #gjj-m4 ,generative power seated in the ,sun1 #ffi-u4 ,generative power symbolized by the ,stauros and the ,cross1 #gga-l4 ,generative ,power to beget intellectual action in ,binah1 the ,intellectual ,faculty1 #gff-m4 ,generative principle represented by the letter ,g1 initial of the name of ,deity1 #fcb-u4 ,generous ,mason regrets dissensions and disputes1 #abc-m4 ,genesis assigns the formation of the world to the ,alhim1 #efh-m4 ,genesis in a second fragment ascribes2 creation to ,ihuh-,alhim1 #efh-m4 ,genii dispensed the ,good and the ,evil1 six on each side1 #daf-u4 ,genii intermediaries between ,gods and men1 the ,universal ,providence1 #daf-u4 ,genii of ,decans had names1 characteristics2 aid in effects produced1 #dgj-m4 ,genii of the ,gnostics1 #bga-l4 ,genii or ,angels differed in character2 some good1 some evil1 #daf-u4 ,genii1 six1 created by ,ormuzd1 prototypes of ,archangels1 #bef-l4 ,genii the media of communication between man and the ,gods1 #dda-m4 ,genii were the ,intelligences that reside in the planets1 #dda-m4 ,genii were the powers and faculties of nature1 part of the science of initiation1 #dae-l4 ,genitals of the ,vernal ,bull bitten by the ,scorpion represents--1 #dab-l4 ,genius gets ,power1 its lieutenants are ,force and ,wisdom1 #cj-m4 ,genius1 the strenuous application of commonplace faculties1 #agd-m4 ,geometry does not sufficiently express the science of numbers1 #cd-m4 ,germans adored ,god without daring to name ,him1 #fba-l4 ,ghe1 the ,earth1 one of the first divinities1 the wife of ,ouranos1 #feh-u4 ,gihon1 a stream of the ,edenic river1 #eh-u4 ,gimli or ,vingolf1 the ,heaven of the ,icelanders1 #fai-m4 ,globe1 ancients had no idea the earth was a1 #ddb-l4 ,globes1 celestial and terrestrial1 on columns1 #ag-m4 ,gloria ,dei est celare verbum4 ,amen1 #hfa-l4 ,glory and ambition in the highest degree is to strive to benefit others1 #hec-u4 ,glory3 ,god does not tempt or constrain men to do evil1 and that is the ,infinite1 #hdh-l4 ,glory is one of the last four ,sephiroth of the ,kabalah1 #hdh-l4 ,glory of ,deity displayed in the ,universe as a reflection1 #fgc-m4 ,gnosis expresses the idea of cognizance by intuition1 #gga-m4 ,gnosis of ,carpocrates consists of one ,deity and spirits ruling ,earth1 #efb-m4 ,gnosis proscribed by ,christians2 ,sanctuary closed against initiation1 #hdj-m4 ,gnostic doctrine1 rise and explanation of1 #bdh-bef4 ,gnostic ,julian infected with the allegories of ,grecian ,polytheism1 #gcb-u4 ,gnostic ,mysteries made known to the heads of the ,templars1 #hag-m4 ,gnostic seals and abraxae adopted by ,templars1 #bce-m4 ,gnostic sects had ,mysteries and an initiation1 #edb-l4 ,gnostic seven ,spirits adopted by the ,elxaites1 #efd-m4 ,gnostic science rested on a square whose angles were--1 #fcc-u4 ,gnostic ,simonians had a ,priesthood of the ,mysteries1 #edb-m4 ,gnostic ,stauros an image of generative power1 #gga-l4 ,gnostic theories and ideas of ,deity1 #eed-efg4 ,gnostic ,valentinians imitated the ,mysteries of ,eleusis1 #edb-l4 ,gnosticism developed into heretical forms1 #hah-u4 ,gnosticism imperfectly revealed the disfigured occult science of the ,magi1 #hci-m4 ,gnosticism1 ,jews of ,syria and ,judea the direct precursors of1 #bee-m4 ,gnostics all agreed on a creation directly out of the ,divine ,essence1 #eeg-m4 ,gnostics agreed that the ,demiurge was the framer of this lower world1 #eeg-m4 ,gnostics all agreed that the ,father was not the framer of this lower world1 #eeg-m4 ,gnostics1 analogy between the doctrines of ,alexandria and those of the1 #bdi-m4 ,gnostics and ,disciples of ,christ held the doctrine of the transmigration of souls1 #cii-l4 ,gnostics and ,philo1 the ,supreme ,being was the ,light to the1 #bhj-l4 ,gnostics born of the ,kabalah1 #fbf-u4 ,gnostics connected their faith with the ,christianity of ,st4 ,john1 #hae-m4 ,gnostics1 derivation of their leading doctrines and ideas1 #bdh-m4 ,gnostics1 doctrines of ,zoroaster borrowed by the1 #beh-l4 ,gnostics1 fundamental doctrines of1 #bdh-m4 ,gnostics held the universal agent composed the body of the ,holy ,spirit1 #gcd-m4 ,gnostics introduced theosophical speculations1 #bdh-m4 ,gnostics made ,souls ascend and descend through eight ,heavens1 #dda-u4 ,gnostics may have received something from the ,chinese2 saying of ,lao-,tseu1 #bei-u4 ,gnostics received from ,platonists the idea that--1 #bee-m4 ,goat's head given to ,sulphur by the ,hermeticists1 #ggi-l4 ,god1 a ,mason's conception of and belief in1 #bbd-l4 ,god a mystery1 as everything surrounding us is1 #egd-m4 ,god1 a perfect being1 an ,abyss1 the ,primitive ,father1 always has been1 #eei-l4 ,god a ,perfect ,cause1 everywhere as ,perfect ,providence1 #gaf-m4 ,god1 a pure spirit1 indivisible1 omniscient1 all powerful1 one1 #fjh-u4 ,god1 a ,somewhat with ,power1 ,wisdom1 ,intelligence1 #gci-m4 ,god4 ,according to capacities1 so vary the conceptions of1 #bjf-l4 ,god1 afflictions and calamities lead the mind to1 #ahi-m4 ,god1 all names are contained in the ,kabalistic name for the ,idea of1 #ih-m4 ,god an hypothesis imposed by good sense on ,human ,reason1 #gch-u4 ,god1 an infinite1 eternal ,soul or ,spirit1 #fji-m4 ,god1 an undiscoverable ,being known only in proportion to the understanding1 #eaf-l4 ,god and ,light before creation2 the coexistence of1 #gci-l4 ,god and the individual ,soul are distinct1 #heb-u4 ,god and the ,universe were one according to the ,kabalistic view1 #gfe-m4 ,god and ,truth are inseparable1 #gac-u4 ,god as a mind picture may be as much of an idol as a wooden one1 #fic-m4 ,god as an actuality imagined to be a most occult light by the ,kabalists1 ,aur1 #gdj-m4 ,god as an ,infinite ,being comes to us from our consciousness of--1 #gjc-m4 ,god1 as infinite justice1 must respect the rights of man1 #gjd-m4 ,god1 as the world develops it outgrows its ancient idea of1 #fdc-m4 ,god1 attributes and ideas of the nature of1 #bgi-bhf4 ,god beyond human comprehension1 #fje-u4 ,god called ,alfadir in the ,edda2 is the ,creator1 #fai-m4 ,god can do whatever he wills1 being ,omnipotent1 #gje-m4 ,god can not be known in ,his work but in his mode of manifesting ,himself1 #bfg-l4 ,god can not do impossibilities1 #gcg-m4 ,god can will nothing but what is good and just1 #gje-m4 ,god1 categorical questions concerning1 #fdh4 ,god caused ,himself to shine forth2 is his own father2 is prior to substance1 #fae-u4 ,god1 ,chance and ,intelligence undistinguishable by ,menander1 #fid-m4 ,god1 conception of1 varies with man's mental cultivation and powers1 #bbc-l4 ,god confronted1 felt1 known when we reverence mighty cosmic force1 #gjg-m4 ,god confounded with the ,demiurge by the mass of the ,jews1 #eeh-u4 ,god created man in the image of ,deity1 ,male and ,female1 #hdi-l4 ,god created the ideal world only1 ,logos the material1 #bea-l4 ,god defined in the ,icelandic prose ,edda1 in a dialog1 #fai-u4 ,god defined in ,sanscrit stanzas1 #gda-m4 ,god does not tempt nor constrain men to do evil1 #hdh-l4 ,god dying1 an inference from a literal interpretation of nature-worship1 #ehh-m4 ,god1 #ahth ,degree taught the unity of1 #bhg-l4 ,god embraces tho principles of reality and cognizance1 #gjg-l4 ,god1 existing of ,himself1 alone1 desired to manifest his perfections1 #fji-l4 ,god first created a ,being he called the ,word1 #efe-u4 ,god gives things their existence and their intelligibility1 #gjh-u4 ,god governs by wise and inexorable laws1 #bbh-u4 ,god has an infinite tenderness for his creatures1 #gjd-m4 ,god has created things visible through the ,logos1 #bea-m4 ,god1 ,hindu dogma of the existence of one1 #fjd-m4 ,god1 ,idea of1 grandest1 most holy1 most useful1 #ih-u4 ,god in communion with all material things1 #gaj-u4 ,god in ,his manifested essence and as ,alone has no name1 #hdi-u4 ,god1 in ,latin and ,french1 has for an initial the ,delta or ,greek triangle1 #fca-l4 ,god in men1 animals1 plants1 #efe-l4 ,god1 in the ,masonic creed1 is ,truth1 ,beauty1 ,goodness in ,infinity1 #gjf-l4 ,god incapable of anger1 #gah-u4 ,god1 incarnate1 submits to all conditions of visible existence1 #ehh-m4 ,god indwelling in matter makes the world a revelation of ,him1 #gaj-u4 ,god is a ,father in ,heaven1 a ,monarch1 a ,human ,being to the unlearned1 #gdc-m4 ,god is a hypothesis2 ,absolute ,reason is not one1 #gcg-u4 ,god is a ,paternal ,being as taught by ,masonry1 #bci-u4 ,god is ,good and what he does is right1 #bdj-u4 ,god is ,good1 the belief in a ,devil proceeds from a conviction that1 #cbd-u4 ,god ,is1 if a self-existent ,force and its ,intelligence are admitted1 #ajj-m4 ,god is ,illimitable ,time in the ,zend-,avesta1 #bef-l4 ,god is inconceivable2 to investigate ,him is but to perplex ourselves1 #fej-u4 ,god is life itself1 eternal and perfect1 #fha-u4 ,god is not the ,universe1 though everywhere present in spirit and truth1 #gjg-l4 ,god is ,omnipotent1 but effects without causes are impossible1 #hdf-m4 ,god is one1 a part of the ,masonic old doctrine1 #hgf-l4 ,god is ,one1 extending through all the ,universe2 a single substance1 #ffg-m4 ,god is our ,father and we are brethren1 #bbg-l4 ,god is silent1 consents with ,mind and is known to ,souls through ,mind1 #ehb-m4 ,god is the reflected image of man as conceived by man himself1 #bbc-m4 ,god ,is1 the studies which convince a man that1 #bbf-l4 ,god keeps watch over the little and the great1 producing variety from ,unity of ,force1 #hbi4 ,god known only through his attributes1 #eee-m4 ,god known to us only by his ,attributes1 #ege-l4 ,god1 laws of1 #h-u4 ,god loves his creatures1 #gag-l4 ,god loves us all1 so we can look complacently on evils1 #gae-u4 ,god made the world and1 of necessity1 it is good and perfect1 #gje-m4 ,god manifested ,himself by ,his ,thought2 source of ,his manifestations1 #eei-l4 ,god manifested in ,binah characterized himself ,intelligent1 #gec-u4 ,god manifested in the several ,sephiroth displayed their characteristics1 #gec-m4 ,god manifested in ,yod called himself ,wise2 the vessel of ,hakemah1 #gec-u4 ,god may be called ,ihuh after the conception of ,creation1 #geb-u4 ,god must be free1 if man is1 possessing infinite liberty1 #gjc-l4 ,god must be omnipresent in space and time1 #gji-l4 ,god1 nature of the ,supreme2 references to ,egyptian ,gods1 #dca-u4 ,god never reveals himself in the sensible world but through the ,demiurge1 #eeh-u4 ,god not a logical being to be explained by deductions1 #gjc-m4 ,god not able to perform some miracles1 #gcf-u4 ,god not an abstract ,god1 but an intelligent1 free person1 #gjg-u4 ,god not an ,abstraction1 but a real ,being1 a moral person1 #gjc-l4 ,god not inert and uncreative during the eternity behind the ,universe1 #hdi-u4 ,god not separated from the ,universe1 attested by ,eusebius1 #ffg-m4 ,god not to be made into any mode or like to the ,sons of ,men1 #geb-u4 ,god not to be represented by any figure or image or letters ,he or ,yod1 #geb-u4 ,god not yet having created1 and as alone1 has no name1 #hdh-l4 ,god1 nothing can be imagined more excellent than1 #bbd-u4 ,god now compared to ,light deemed unphilosophical1 if not ,atheistic1 #gci-m4 ,god of ,good and a ,god of ,evil1 each independent1 eternal1 #efe-l4 ,god of ,good must in the end overcome the ,god of ,evil1 #efe-l4 ,god of many ,christians but the old heathen gods1 #bif-u4 ,god of the ,new ,platonists was one simple ,original ,essence1 #bhd-l4 ,god only ,wise1 ,man's wisdom but a reflection1 #bea-l4 ,god penetrates the man and becomes a living spirit within him1 #fji-m4 ,god perfect and infinite in his attributes1 #egd-l4 ,god preordained suffering and calamity1 #bbh-l4 ,god1 philosophers taught to but few the true knowledge of1 #bjg-l4 ,god possesses a secondary ,intelligence which descends to matter1 #dae-m4 ,god possesses ,charity1 the supreme virtue of man1 #gjd-m4 ,god possesses infinite intelligence and infinite liberty1 #gjd-u4 ,god1 prayer to1 #f-l4 ,god1 prior even to the first ,god and ,king1 conceived things by his intellect #fad-l4 ,god produced all things by ,his ,intellect1 ,will1 ,free ,determination1 #gei-l4 ,god1 ,pythagoras' definition of1 #bhe-l4 ,god regarded as that from which ,light flows by the ,sabeans1 ,kabalists1 #gci-l4 ,god regarded by the ,masons as a ,moral ,governor1 as well as an ,original ,creator1 #bbd-l4 ,god1 relations of a ,mason to1 #bbg-l4 ,god1 religious requisite of a ,mason is a belief in one ,true1 #afd-u4 ,god represented by the ,demiurge on the lower stage of existence1 #eeg-l4 ,god represented by the ,gnostics as an unfathomable ,abyss1 #eee-n4 ,god represented by the hieroglyphic of a horned serpent1 #die-u4 ,god1 result of a low conception of1 #bbc-l4 ,god revealed in the ,true1 the ,beautiful1 the ,good1 #gjh-u4 ,god reveals ,himself by ,his attributes1 #bfg-l4 ,god reveals ,himself in our convictions1 conscience1 instinct1 #cbd-u4 ,god reveals ,himself to us by ,his uttered ,word1 #cbd-u4 ,god said to ,moses3 ,i am that which ,is1 ,was and ,shall ,be1 #hdh-l4 ,god1 single ,tau represent one1 #ejc-l4 ,god1 ,spirits of1 ascent and descend on the ladder1 #aj-l4 ,god sums up in himself perfect ,beauty1 ,truth and ,good1 #gjc-u4 ,god ,supreme1 from whom all other gods emanate or are by ,him created1 #eig-l4 ,god1 ,temple of #g-l4 ,god1 that the mass shall lack work and food seems to be a law of1 #agi-ahj4 ,god the ,almighty ,father and ,source of ,all1 #ege-u4 ,god1 the author of everything1 the ,eternal1 the ,supreme1 the ,living1 #eha-m4 ,god1 the believing ,mason conscious of being a co-operator with1 #bbh-l4 ,god1 the capacity of the mind to receive positive truth limits man's view of1 #bba-l4 ,god1 the ,cause1 by whatever qualities known1 #fdd4 ,god1 the earliest exertion of thought resulted in the idea of1 #eaa-l4 ,god1 the first emanation1 was ,light1 then ,ormuzd1 #bef-l4 ,god1 the ,first ,supreme1 ,infinite ,unity2 ,all and ,one flowed forth from1 #gei-l4 ,god1 the formal1 efficient and final cause1 #fhj4 ,god1 the highest view we can form is the nearest to a true conception of1 #bbc-l4 ,god1 the ,holy of ,holies1 as author of the moral law1 #gjf-l4 ,god1 the individual good of the ,mason is considered by1 #bbh-l4 ,god1 the ,infinite ,parent1 revealed by natural human religion1 #gae-m4 ,god1 the ,light principle from which souls emanate and return1 #gdj-l4 ,god the ,living ,soul of the ,universe1 #egd-l4 ,god1 the ,logos1 dwells in1 #bea-u4 ,god1 the ,master ,mason's ,word is a knowledge of1 #bji-u4 ,god the necessary logical condition of a world2 its necessitating cause1 #gjh-l4 ,god1 the ,omnipotent ,legislator1 the source of the moral law1 #gja-l4 ,god the only original ,existence1 the ,absolute1 ,author of all1 #gja-l4 ,god the ,principle of ,liberty1 ,justice1 ,charity1 #gjf-l4 ,god the ,principle of ,moral ,truth and of personal morality1 #gjc-u4 ,god4 ,the protest of ,masonry against belief in a cruel ,god is ,trust in1 #aif-l4 ,god1 the sole1 ,self-existing ,power1 expanded his idea and appeared1 #fjh-m4 ,god1 the ,soul of the ,universe and coexistent with it1 #gji-u4 ,god1 to ,ancients1 manifested by the ,sun1 #ac-u4 ,god to be loved under the forms of ,truth1 ,justice1 ,nobility of ,soul1 #gjg-u4 ,god too sublime to be known2 displayed by ,intelligences1 #efd-u4 ,god united to ,wisdom communicated the germ of ,creation1 #bea-l4 ,god was alone1 formless1 before he formed a conception of ,creation1 #geb-u4 ,god was the ,phos-,nocton1 the ,light cognizable only by the ,intellect1 #gdj-l4 ,god willed to produce beings1 and from that which is produced ,brahma1 #fjh-l4 ,god wills a thing because it is just2 it is a necessity for ,him to do so1 #gcg-u4 ,god wills a thing because it is just2 it is not just because ,god wills it1 #hdg-u4 ,god3 ,zoroastrians addressed hymns and prayers to the ,supreme1 #jag-l4 ,goddesses holding serpents are figures in ,egypt and ,assyria1 #die-l4 ,god's actualities seem less lofty than our ideal of justice1 #hcb-m4 ,gods and ,idols of ,gods were symbols of truth to the ancient ,sages1 #cjb-l4 ,god's attention imagined to be continually centered on man1 #cjb-l4 ,god's attributes are man's virtues1 #gjd-u4 ,god's attributes are not ,god1 #egc-u4 ,god's attributes known only through their manifestations1 #gci-u4 ,gods1 ,astronomical details and operations of ,nature in histories of1 #cge-m4 ,god's character makes a difference in the conduct of people1 #jdc-u4 ,gods composing the ,trinities of the ,ancient religions1 #egf-m4 ,gods created by personification of ,stars and phenomena were worshipped1 #ejh-m4 ,god's creations coexisting with ,himself1 #gjh-l4 ,god's ,essence includes ,wisdom1 ,justice1 ,truth1 ,harmony1 ,love1 ,eternity1 #ehb-m4 ,god's existence and nature one of the highest questions1 #fdb-m4 ,god's existence as comprehensible as the existence of a ,soul1 #egc-l4 ,god's existence1 every thinking creature must be conscious of1 #fje-u4 ,god's existence evidenced by our consciousness of the fact1 #gji-u4 ,god's existence ploughed deeply into ,nature1 #fdg-l4 ,god's existence taught by ,reason1 #gdc-u4 ,god's goodness seems to be impugned by disorder in the world1 #gje-m4 ,god's goodness the foundation of ,truth1 #adb-l4 ,god's justice and the law of merit and demerit the foundations of faith1 #gjf-u4 ,god's ,justice1 which is ,severity1 the ,female1 #hdf-u4 ,god's law consistent with ,his justice whether it corresponds with our notions or not1 #hcj-u4 ,god's law of justice can not be measured by our standards1 #hcj-l4 ,god's love governs our acts of charity2 ,his justice governs our justice1 #gjg-u4 ,god's love not inconsistent with the evils of existence1 #gah-u4 ,god's love takes care of all to the end1 #bdj-m4 ,god's love the same as that in man1 but in an infinite degree1 #gje-u4 ,god's ,mercy1 or ,benignity1 alone reigning1 sin would go unpunished1 #hdf-u4 ,god's mode of action a conception beyond our reach1 #hcb-l4 ,god's modes of operation are the action of the ,universe1 #gaj-u4 ,god's nature and attributes1 #fhj4 ,god's nature and attributes in the ,zend-,avesta1 #beh-l4 ,god's nature1 attributes1 essence1 wholly beyond us1 #efh-l4 ,god's nature is not conceivable by the human mind1 #gdc-u4 ,god's nature1 it is impious to assume or explain1 #fje-u4 ,gods of the ,veda1 their origin and signification1 #fjb-fab4 ,god's ,omnipotence the secret of ,occult ,sciences1 #hdd-n4 ,gods1 one of the bases of initiation was the providence and superintendence of the1 #dae-l4 ,god's ,perfections produced the intellectual world by development1 #eei-l4 ,gods personified1 of secondary rank1 falsely credited with ,creator's work1 #fbd-u4 ,god's poetry is man2 his prose is nature1 #gae-l4 ,god's power provided for all the evils of existence1 #gaf-u4 ,god's relations to a ,mason1 #bbg-l4 ,god's ,thought conceiving the ,universe and willing its creation1 #ege-u4 ,god's thought confronted when we1 in our studies1 attain a truth1 #gjg-m4 ,god's ,thought manifested and expressed in the ,word1 #ege-l4 ,god's ,thought uttered in ,his word created the ,universe1 #egg-u4 ,god's ,universe a mystery incomprehensible by man1 #ecj-m4 ,god's varied actions are the ,forces of ,nature1 #hji-m4 ,gods were mortal men who deserved to have their souls elevated after death1 #cih-m4 ,god's will controls every happening in the ,universe1 #hei-m4 ,god's will has no moral authority except as it is just1 #gbf-u4 ,god's will learned when we learn the right1 #gjg-m4 ,god's wisdom foresaw all the evils of existence1 #gaf-u4 ,god's ,wisdom foresees what each will do and uses it as an instrument1 #hdh-l4 ,god's ,wisdom the mother of ,creation1 #bea-l4 ,god's ,word uttering ,his ,thought becomes the ,creator1 #ege-u4 ,god's work1 in heaven1 is done by angels2 on earth1 by men1 #gcf-u4 ,gold assigned to the ,sun1 #gbi-u4 ,gold is all ,spirit and incorruptible2 the emblem of the ,sun which presides over light1 #ghh-u4 ,gold of the ,hermeticists is a true dogma1 light1 truth1 but also material gold1 #ggh-u4 ,gold produced from ,salt under the combined action of ,sulphur and ,mercury1 #ggh-m4 ,gold1 to the eyes of the ,initiate is ,light condensed1 #ajc-u4 ,golden ,age longed for when man communed with ,deity1 #fec-u4 ,golden calf of ,aaron was one of the oxen under the bronze laver1 #hah-l4 ,golden ,fleece of ,aries guarded by a serpent1 #dih-m4 ,golden ,numbers1 golden verse1 golden ,ass1 #ajc-u4 ,golden ,rule should have the words under the same circumstances added1 #hcf-u4 ,good actions not always followed by happiness nor evil ones by misery1 #gje-l4 ,good and ,evil1 belief concerning1 #bgb-u4 ,good and ,evil1 categorical questions concerning1 #fdh4 ,good and ,evil coexisting1 more active question than all others1 #fhd-m4 ,good and ,evil coexisting1 only staved off by inventions of theories1 #fhg-u4 ,good and ,evil contests personified by the course of the ,sun1 #eid-m4 ,good and evil deities among ,chaldeans1 ,greeks1 etc1 #ffa-m4 ,good and ,evil in the world necessitates ,free will and election1 #gig-m4 ,good and evil influences of the planets flowed from the ,zodiac1 #ffc-m4 ,good and ,evil principles by their equilibrium produce harmony1 #edi-u4 ,good and ,evil principles1 ancient thought regarding1 #bba-m4 ,good and ,evil problems not solved by a ,redeemer who shall end ,evil1 #hdg-l4 ,good and ,evil reconciled or the ,universe would be a failure1 #gfg-m4 ,good and ,evil1 ,revelations depict the struggle between1 #bgb-l4 ,good and ,evil1 ,stars divided into the1 #dgb-m4 ,good and ,evil symbolized by the contest between ,ialdaboth and his mother1 #efc-m4 ,good and ,evil1 the invisible ,intelligences divided into the1 #dgd-l4 ,good and ,light synonymous because ,light multiplied man's enjoyments1 #ffj-m4 ,good1 belief in a ,devil an attempt to explain the existence of ,evil and1 #cbd-u4 ,good can not cause ,evil2 it must have had another cause1 #ffa-u4 ,good counterbalances ,evil2 ,light in equilibrium with ,darkness1 #gfd-l4 ,good has as an inseparable shadow the ,evil1 #hdf-l4 ,good implies its opposite1 ,evil1 #fha-l4 ,good1 in the ,absolute1 an attribute of the ,absolute ,being1 #gjb-l4 ,good1 in the ,absolute1 is ,good itself1 superior to all particular duties1 #gjb-l4 ,good is beyond man himself2 not so ,god's ,good1 #fhj-l4 ,good is known by the evil1 #gig-m4 ,good is not a consequence2 it is first or nothing1 #gbb-l4 ,good men are tending to the realm of ,perfection1 #ech-u4 ,good men of every nation superior to popular deities1 #efb-l4 ,good never separated from the evil2 the two must mingle1 #ffj-l4 ,good1 period of the final triumph of1 #beh-m4 ,good principle divided into ,creation1 ,preservation1 ,renovation1 #fjd-m4 ,good ,principle identified with the ,sun1 #eid-u4 ,good principle represented by ,masonry1 #bba-m4 ,good principle urged men towards--1 #bba-m4 ,good realized in nature1 according to ,plato1 #fha-m4 ,good resigned for the disinterested and universal1 #fif-m4 ,good1 the foundation of obligation1 #gbb-m4 ,good1 the great speculations of antiquity forecast the victory of1 #bgd-m4 ,good1 the object of the ,absolute ,thought is the ,absolute1 #fhj-l4 ,good1 the single principle in which centers all moral principles1 #gjb-m4 ,good the ultimate end of ,nature1 according to ,aristotle1 #fha-m4 ,good to reign in eternity and ,evil to cease is but a poet's dream1 #hdg-l4 ,good will prevail and ,evil be overthrown by a ,redeemer1 #bgd-m4 ,goodness the first feature of ,charity1 #gje-u4 ,gospel of ,john1 a passage from an older work begins the1 #bhj-u4 ,gospel of ,john1 explanation and objects of the1 #bhj-m4 ,gospel of ,st4 ,john a ,polemic against1 the ,gnostics1 #eei-m4 ,gospel of ,st4 ,john the basis of rites proper to complete the initiation1 #hba-m4 ,gothic ,festival of the ,winter ,solstice1 ,yuletide1 became ,christmas1 #cfh-u4 ,gothic ,mysteries1 festivals1 initiations1 symbols1 #cfh-u4 ,gothic ,mysteries introduced from the ,east by ,odin1 #cfg-l4 ,gothic ,mysteries similar to others2 description of1 #dcj-m4 ,gothic ,mysteries taught the destruction of the world and the rising of a new one1 #dca-m4 ,govern ,in ablest1 wisest1 best is vested the ,divine right to1 #bjc-u4 ,government by incapables or merely respectables comes to nought1 #ca-m4 ,government1 defects in a ,democratic form of1 #dd-m4 ,government1 ,democratic1 and ,imperial ,rome compared1 #dg-l4 ,government1 ,free1 cannot long endure1 when--1 #bjc-u4 ,government1 free1 depends on the virtue and intelligence of common people1 #agg-u4 ,governmental machinery and laws in the interest of justice1 #hcd-m4 ,government1 ,masonry not hostile to civil1 #aec-m4 ,government tends to become a conspiracy against liberty1 #hje-m4 ,government1 those who reap the benefits should bear the burdens of1 #agf-u4 ,gracchi replaced by aroused indignation1 #dh-u4 ,grand ,arcanum confers great power on the ,adept1 #aja-m4 ,grand ,master ,architect1 #abth ,degree1 duties of1 #ahi-u4 ,grand ,pontiff1 the #aith ,degree1 #cab-u4 ,gravitation around the centers of ,life1 ,heat and ,light1 #hdc-u4 ,great ,lights symbolize the ,sun1 ,moon and ,mercury1 #dhf-l4 ,great ,work a creation of the human word initiated into the power of the ,word of ,god1 #gge-u4 ,great ,work assures man of the empire of ,azoth and power over the ,magical ,agent1 #ggc-l4 ,great ,work benefits the ,body by bringing health and wealth1 #ghe-u4 ,great ,work benefits the ,soul by causing it to know ,god1 ,nature1 ourself1 #ghe-u4 ,great ,work comprehended and executed brings great knowledge1 #ghf-l4 ,great ,work depends chiefly on the internal ,magnet of ,paracelsus1 #ggg-m4 ,great ,work in perfection expressed by a cross over a triangle in alchemy1 #gij-l4 ,great ,work is the conquest of man over his faculties and future1 #ggc-l4 ,great ,work itself is the work of the ,sun1 #ggc-u4 ,great ,work of ,hermes is magical and supposes the ,absolute in ,science and ,will1 #gge-l4 ,great ,work secrets have a threefold significance1 #ggc-u4 ,great ,work symbolized by the ,rose in ,flamel's book1 #hba-l4 ,great ,work1 the purification of the ,soul has a hidden meaning1 #gib-m4 ,great ,work1 the universal agent is the elementary matter of the1 #gcd-m4 ,greater ,mysteries1 five years' probation between the ,lesser and the1 #dcb-l4 ,greatest good of greatest number can legitimately affect ideal justice1 #hcf-l4 ,grecian ,choruses1 the ,strophe and ,ante-,strophe connected with the ,stars1 #dfb-m4 ,grecian philosopher1 saying of ,socrates1 the1 #agj-u4 ,grecian ,temples destroyed by ,persians under ,xerxes and fire chapels erected1 #faj-m4 ,greed1 commercial1 deadens the nerves of sympathy1 #bih-l4 ,greek history shows the ,one ,god and then a worship of ,nature1 #fai-l4 ,greek name of ,deity consists of three letters1 ,i1 ,a1 ,o1 #fcb-l4 ,greek ,philosophers expounded the loftier ideas and nobler doctrines1 #fag-m4 ,greek ,philosophy embraced a belief in an ,infinite and--1 #fag-m4 ,greek philosophy preceded by the ,mystic ,theologers1 #fhc-m4 ,greeks consecrated the generative organs as symbols of fruitfulness1 #fef-m4 ,greeks1 the scholars of the ,egyptians1 showed vestiges of an old faith1 #fag-u4 ,gregory ,nazianzen1 ,bishop of ,constantinople1 speaks of the ,christian ,mysteries1 #ede-m4 ,grip1 hieroglyphic picture of the ,lion's1 #hj-l4 ,grip of the ,lion of the ,house of ,judah clasps the human race1 #fda-u4 ,grip of the ,lion raised ,khurum after that of ,aquarius and ,cancer failed1 #dfa-u4 ,grip of a ,master raises the candidate1 #fdj-l4 ,grip of a ,master represented by the figure ten1 #fch-m4 ,gurzsher1 the ,persian comet1 consumes the world1 #fbc-l4 ,gymnosophist ,priests came from the ,euphrates to ,ethiopia1 #cfb-m4 ,gymnosophists1 at the ,temple of ,amun were celebrated the ,mysteries of the1 #cfb-m4 ,h ,habit is a ,force1 a second nature1 #ij-l4 ,hades1 ,hercules under the guidance of ,minerva descended to1 #eib-l4 ,haikal denotes the place in which all things are contained1 #gii-u4 ,haikal1 ,temple or ,palace2 the name of ,malakoth1 #gii-u4 ,haikal1 the ,palace of the degree ,tephareth1 which is concealed in it1 #gii-u4 ,hair of the women at the festival of ,isis was flowing2 the men shaven and bald1 #chg-l4 ,hakemah and ,binah denoted by ,yod1 ,he1 #gih-m4 ,hakemah and ,binah imperfectly joined with averted faces1 #gif-l4 ,hakemah and ,binah in the ,head as the two hemispheres of the brain1 #gfh-l4 ,hakemah and ,binah1 the two lobes of the brain of ,adam ,kadmon1 #geg-l4 ,hakemah and ,binah1 whom it impregnates1 quantitatively equal1 #gfc-u4 ,hakemah and ,bainah1 ,wisdom and ,intelligence1 the second ,sephiroth1 #eeb-u4 ,hakemah1 ,binah and ,daath illustrated by comparison with pain1 #geh-l4 ,hakemah communicated potency and increase to ,binah1 #gef-l4 ,hakemah is a person and termed ,abba1 or ,father1 #gii-m4 ,hakemah is ,father1 ,binah is ,mother1 the two in equilibrium as male and female4 #gfc-m4 ,hakemah is the generative power of producing ,thought1 yet in ,deity1 #geh-m4 ,hakemah is the ,generator of all things2 he and ,binah conjoin1 #gfc-l4 ,hakemah proceeded from ,kether through the energy of ,yod1 #gef-m4 ,hakemah represents1 or is1 the ,man1 #gih-m4 ,hakemah ,sapientia1 existent in the ,corona of the ,world of ,emanation1 #geh-u4 ,hakemah1 the ,father1 the active power or energy of the ,deity1 #eeb-m4 ,hakemah1 ,wisdom1 ,sapientia2 wise by means of ,binah1 #gec-u4 ,hand open pouring milk from vessel in shape of heart1 symbolism1 #dab-m4 ,hand1 the left1 open and expanded1 symbolic meaning of the1 #chh-u4 ,hannibal1 results of ,faust and ,luther's work excelled that of1 #dc-u4 ,hansa 7the ,sun7 dwelling in light2 the ,truth1 #gda-m4 ,hansavati ,rich1 a ,sanscrit stanza says1 ,he is ,hansa 7the ,sun71 #gda-m4 ,happiness and satisfaction greater as ends in view are lofty and noble1 #cdi-u4 ,happiness1 as an effect of the ,good1 completes and crowns moral order1 #gbd-u4 ,happiness dependent on the relations of the outer world1 #fhf-m4 ,happiness in virtue the object of existence in man1 #gaf-l4 ,happiness promoted by thought and purpose being in conformity with ,divine rule1 #gac-u4 ,happiness will not result from repose unless balanced by a contrary movement1 #hdg-l4 ,harmonies of ,heaven correspond to those of ,earth1 #aja-l4 ,harmony and ,beauty should be the result of the equilibrium in man of the--1 #hee-m4 ,harmony and movement the ,life of the ,universe and ,soul alike1 #hei-l4 ,harmony as represented by the three among the ,pythagoreans1 #fcb-m4 ,harmony consisting of the six parts of ,seir ,aupin represented by ,vau1 #gii-l4 ,harmony finally led up to and it will reign forever1 #egg-u4 ,harmony necessary in ,government and natural laws1 #cjf-l4 ,harmony of life and action2 of virtue and perfection1 #gfe-u4 ,harmony of the ,universe1 #bji-l4 ,harmony of the ,universe1 a combination of contraries1 #ffj-m4 ,harmony of the ,universe belongs to and is a part of it1 #ffe-u4 ,harmony of the ,universe broken by a single effect without a cause1 #gce-l4 ,harmony of the ,universe responds to the unity of ,god1 #gjg-l4 ,harmony of the world maintained by a ,divine ,force1 can ,soul of ,nature1 #ffh-u4 ,harmony only from the analogy of contraries4 #hdh-u4 ,harmony or ,beauty1 the eternal law1 a side of the ,masonic triangle1 #hbf-m4 ,harmony1 ,power of ,deity in equilibrium with his ,wisdom1 #b-u4 ,harmony result of equilibrium of ,justice and ,mercy of ,god1 #ag-u4 ,harmony result of equilibrium of the sympathy and opposite action of contraries1 ,wisdom holding the scales1 #h-m4 ,harmony resulting from equilibrium of ,contraries taught by ,ternary1 #gib-u4 ,harmony resulting from the equilibrium of the ,spiritual and ,material natures1 #gfd-l4 ,harmony the result of the equilibrium of contrary forces1 #cjf-u4 ,harmony the result of the equipoise of ,necessity and ,liberty1 #hdh-l4 ,harmony1 ,wisdom1 ,force1 the ,great ,attributes of the ,essence of ,deity1 #eca-m4 ,harmony which upholds and preserves1 #eca-m4 ,harmony with ,wisdom and ,power1 one ,masonic ,triad1 #h-u4 ,har-oeri1 the ,creative ,word1 from the action and reaction of ,osiris and ,isis1 #hfa-m4 ,har-oeri1 ,son of ,osiris and ,isis2 throne supported by lions1 #gi-m4 ,har-oeris1 the elder ,horus1 ,egyptian ,sun ,god1 festival of1 #gi-u4 ,hava ,maal1 ,the sublime ,book of ,odin2 maxims from1 #afh-m4 ,hawk the symbol of ,ra or ,phre1 #bed-l4 ,he and ,yod represent the female and male principles in equilibrium1 #cbc-m4 ,he1 approached by ,yod1 becomes imbued with a luminous influence1 #gic-u4 ,he considered to be the agent of ,almighty ,power1 #fih-l4 ,he of the ,tetragrammaton in ,adam ,kadmon as ,neschamah1 #geg-u4 ,he1 impregnated by ,vau1 produced ,microprosopos1 or ,seir ,aupin1 #gic-u4 ,he1 impregnated by ,yod1 begets a son1 and thus pregnant brings forth1 #gfc-m4 ,he is ,binah and the other ,he is ,malkuth1 #geh-u4 ,he1 is female and ,he1 is hidden on every side1 #gfc-u4 ,he is impregnated by ,yod and begets a son which she brings forth1 #gfc-l4 ,he is the wife of ,yod1 the second ,he is the wife of ,vav1 #gfa-u4 ,he1 the female letter1 communicates to ,yod her light1 #gea-m4 ,he1 the letter expressing the union of ,deity with his creatures1 #fih-l4 ,he-,she1 the meaning of the masculine-feminine ,hua and ,hia1 #fih-m4 ,he-,she1 in ,aramtic1 ,hebrew1 ,arabic1 #gjj-u4 ,head1 ,kether1 the ,crown1 ring or circlet1 first ,sephiroth1 #gfh-l4 ,heads of ,macroprosopos1 ,adam ,kadmon1 explained1 #geh-u4 ,health symbolized by the triple triangle1 #fcd-m4 ,heathenism had a foundation in ,truth1 #eii-u4 ,heaven and ,earth1 as ,divinities1 regarded as being male and female1 #dja-m4 ,heaven and earth composed of the two principles1 ,active and ,passive1 #fef-u4 ,heaven and earth gifted with a life and soul1 #ffh-l4 ,heaven and ,earth1 regarded as ,divinities1 were worshipped1 #dja-m4 ,heaven and ,earth the first and most ancient divinities1 #feh-u ,heaven exists in the perception and thought of a glorious mind1 #bja-l4 ,heaven1 none for those who desire to go thither alone1 #aeb-u4 ,heaven of ,dante composed of a series of ,kabalistic circles1 #hbb-l4 ,heaven rules the condition of the earth by the action of ,divine ,force1 #ffh-m4 ,heaven the birthplace of the ,soul2 its home1 to which it looks1 #ebj-m4 ,heaven to the ,initiate is the ,world manifest to the ,intelligences1 #ghe-u4 ,heaven will1 at last1 aggrandize ,hell is but a poet's dream1 #hdg-l4 ,heavenly bodies act only with the activity of the ,soul of the ,universe1 #fga-m4 ,heavenly ,bodies and the ceremonies of initiation closely connected1 #ejg-l4 ,heavenly ,bodies worshipped by different peoples1 #deg-l4 ,heavenly ,hosts and ,stars imprisoned for disobedience1 #eaa-u4 ,heavenly ,host appears as an organized ,angelic ,army1 #eji-l4 ,heavenly ,hosts include not only emissaries of ,jehovah1 but ,stars1 #eji-u4 ,heavenly ,host worshipped by ,turks1 ,scythians1 ,tartars1 ,persians1 #dei-m4 ,heavens a living existence from which1 through earth1 existences proceed1 #ffh-m4 ,heavens and the ,earth personified as ,deities even among the ,aryans1 #hej-l4 ,heavens and the ,sun as ,procreative and ,generative agents2 male1 #hea-u4 ,heavens divided by seven planets and twelve signs1 #dfj-m4 ,heavens1 the ,father1 impregnating the earth with its rains1 #fef-l4 ,hebraic doctrine of ,god and ,light expressed by ,milton1 #gci-l4 ,hebraic ideas favorable to physical pleasures1 #bfj-u4 ,hebrew belief concerning the pre-existence of souls1 #ddj-u4 ,hebrew books written in symbols unintelligible to the ,profane1 #gdd-l4 ,hebrew camp in the desert arranged from ,stars1 etc1 #dfj-l4 ,hebrew conceptions of ,god varied1 #bjf-m4 ,hebrew form of ,tetractys1 #hh-m4 ,hebrew forms of the personal pronouns ,he-,she1 #gjj-u4 ,hebrew ,god1 ,ihuh1 superior to ,al or the ,alohayim1 #eih-u4 ,hebrew ,god overcomes monstrous ,leviathans1 #dih-l4 ,hebrew ,law1 maxims from1 #afi-l4 ,hebrew ,mythology alludes to a feud among the spiritual powers1 #eaj-l4 ,hebrew popular notions of ,deity1 #bjg-m4 ,hebrew religion imbued with ,star worship1 #eji-eaa4 ,hebrew religion placed the government and all knowledge with ,priests1 #fbe-u4 ,hebrew ,theism involved in symbolism and image worship1 #ead-m4 ,hebrew ,tribes1 characteristics of signs of the ,zodiac compared with those of the1 #dfa4 ,hebrew writings use light and fire as emblems of the attributes of ,divinity1 #faa-u4 ,hebrew word in the ,east in #abth ,degree is ,adonai2 meaning of1 #bja-l4 ,hebrew word1 pronunciation of1 not known from its character before--1 #bje-m4 ,hebrews1 belief in the existence of ,one ,god not accepted by early1 #bjf-u4 ,hebrews borrowed from the ,persians some religious doctrines1 #faj-u4 ,hebrews devout worshippers of false gods1 #bjf-m4 ,hebrews1 esoteric knowledge communicated to but few1 #bjg-l4 ,hebrews had their good ,deity and the ,devil1 an angel of ,darkness1 #ffa-m4 ,hebrews held each nation had its own guardian angel and ,star1 #eaj-u4 ,hebrews held ,nakhustan1 brazen serpent1 as a token of healing power1 #dig-u4 ,hebrews1 intellectual1 possessed true knowledge of ,god1 #bjg-m4 ,hebrews1 ,jehovah the national ,god of the1 #bjf-u4 ,hebrews transferred to ,satan everything immoral to account for moral evil1 #fij-m4 ,hebrews1 ,true nature of ,god and ,his name unknown to the1 #bjf-u4 ,hel1 the place to which the wicked go first1 then to ,nifthel1 #fai-m4 ,heliacally1 ,star seems to be touched by the ,sun when it rises or sets1 #dga-l4 ,heliogabalus1 reference to the reign of1 #dga-l--#c-u4 ,hell1 become useless1 will be closed by the aggrandizement of ,heaven1 #hdg-l4 ,hell is impassable for those only who know not how to turn back1 #hbb-l4 ,hell of ,dante is but a negative ,purgatory1 #hbb-l4 ,heptakis1 ,phoenician ,god of the seven rays1 #eh-l4 ,heptaktis1 ,god of seven rays1 the ,supreme ,god of ,phoenecia1 ,tsadok1 #gbh-m4 ,heracles or ,arkaleus1 the ,etruscan1 ,scythian1 ,pelasgian name for the ,sun ,god1 #ehg-u4 ,heraclitus advocated monotheism1 #fgh-m4 ,heraclitus acknowledged the unsatisfactory result of philosophy1 #fic-l4 ,heraclitus believed in a ,universal ,reason pervading all things1 #fic-u4 ,heraclitus of ,pontus held that each ,star was a portion of the ,universal ,soul1 #fga-m4 ,hercules1 a descendant of ,perseus1 the luminous child of darkness1 #eia-m4 ,hercules and ,juno1 antagonism of good and evil typified by the contest between1 #eid-l4 ,hercules as a ,god to the ,celts1 ,teutons1 ,scythians1 ,etruscans1 ,lydians1 #eia-m4 ,hercules begets with the ,dragon the three ancestors of ,scythia1 #dih-m4 ,hercules died1 raised from the grave1 and is received in heaven1 #eib-l4 ,hercules1 ,har-acles1 worshipped at ,tsur1 #gi-u4 ,hercules ,ingeniculus1 one of the varieties of the declining ,sun1 #eia-l4 ,hercules1 journey of the ,sun the origin of the twelve labors of1 #ddh-u4 ,hercules obtained initiation from ,triptolemus1 #ehf-u4 ,hercules performs his first labor with ,nemean lion1 #dee-m4 ,hercules suffered the ills of humanity1 according to ,maximus ,tyrius1 #eib-l4 ,hercules' ,temple at ,tyre built #b1cjj years before ,heroditus1 #eia-m4 ,hercules1 the patron of navigators1 who spread his altars from coast to coast1 #eia-m4 ,hercules well known in ,egypt and the ,east1 #eia-m4 ,here persecuted ,dionusos and helped the ,titans to kill him1 #ehe-l4 ,here1 the wanton or irrational power of nature1 #fhb-l4 ,hereafter1 as we are pure here so we will be just as happy1 #baf-u4 ,heresy of philosophical truth considered the most dangerous by ,rome1 #hbj-u4 ,hermaphroditic ,being1 which comprehends all existence1 #fec-l4 ,hermaphroditic figure a symbol of ,deity as ,generator and ,producer1 #hea-m4 ,hermaphroditic figure emerges from the ,orphic egg1 symbolizing the two causes1 #fee-l4 ,hermaphroditic figure of ,valentinus a symbol of the double nature1 #hea-m4 ,hermaphroditic ,god-,world1 ancient dogma of philosophy and theology1 #fec-l4 ,hermaphroditistic conceptions from the idea of the ,active and ,passive principles1 #fee-l4 ,hermes' canonical rolls contain transcendental lore1 #fad-m4 ,hermes communicated secrets in alchemy1 astrology1 magism1 #cfe-u4 ,hermes1 in writings of ,dionysius is found the dogma of1 #gca-l4 ,hermes instituted hieroglyphics1 taught the sciences and arts1 revered ,one ,god1 #cfd-l4 ,hermes1 inventor of letters1 winged messenger bearing the ,caduceus1 #ehf-l4 ,hermes represented in our ,bodies by the ,orator1 #ehf-l4 ,hermes taught men arts1 science1 and ascended to ,heaven1 #bee-u4 ,hermes taught the priests and they studied the ,hermetic science1 #cfb-l4 ,hermes1 the creed of the old ,buddhists contained in the dying words of1 #cfd-l4 ,hermes1 the ,egyptian ,hierophant1 summarizes the ancient doctrines1 #cbd-m4 ,hermes1 the first1 was the ,intelligence or ,word of ,god1 #bed-l4 ,hermes1 the ,mercury of the ,greeks1 ,thoth of the ,egyptians1 ,taaut of the ,phoenecians1 #ehf-l4 ,hermes1 the ,sacredotal ,art was the name given to the secrets of1 #cfe-u4 ,hermes the same as ,enoch1 #cfc-m4 ,hermes1 ,thoth1 the incarnation or repetition of the first1 #bee-u4 ,hermes ,trismegistus1 a ,greek name for the ,egyptian ,thoth2 doings of1 #cfd4 ,hermetic ,agent is the magical power1 spiritual power1 ,astral ,light1 #ggd-l4 ,hermetic and ,kabalistic ,rose ,croix1 #ghe-l4 ,hermetic ,arcanum1 #gge-u4 ,hermetic ,art is a religion1 a philosophy1 a natural science1 #ggd-l4 ,hermetic books discuss the ,supreme ,being1 #fad-l4 ,hermetic disciples used jargon as a living language1 #gca-u4 ,hermetic dogma engraven on a tablet of ,emerald1 #ggd-u4 ,hermetic ,dogma1 ,what is above is like what is below1 etc1 #gij-m4 ,hermetic fables show1 in their interpretation1 the principal ,gods of the ancients1 #fca-u4 ,hermetic operations1 spiritual and material1 dependent on one another1 #ggd-u4 ,hermetic or ,alchemical philosophical doctrine1 #ggb-gib4 ,hermetic ,philosophers drew their doctrines from the ,kabalah1 #ggb-l4 ,hermetic philosophy concealed by the ,alchemists under symbols1 #ggb-l4 ,hermetic philosophy given consideration in the ,kabalah1 #gda-u4 ,hermetic philosophy1 that of the schools of ,alexandria and ,pythagoras1 #ggd-l4 ,hermetic ,philosophy under the mask of ,alchemy1 #gib-l4 ,hermetic religion is that of the ,magi and the ancient initiates1 #ggd-l4 ,hermetic ,science applied to the operating of the ,great ,work1 #ghe-m4 ,hermetic ,science cultivated by ,arabs and studied by ,chief ,templars1 #hdj-l4 ,hermetic science1 like all real science1 is mathematically demonstrable1 #ggg-l4 ,hermetic science real only for those who understand its religion and philosophy1 #ggd-l4 ,hermetic secret is to find the bases of faith1 truth1 transmutation1 #ggf-l4 ,hermetic ,symbol from the ,materia ,prima of ,valentinus1 #hej-m4 ,hermetic tablet of ,emerald contains the ,key to their allegories1 #ggg-l4 ,hermetic tablet of emerald explained1 #ggf-u4 ,hermetic universal medicine for soul1 mind1 body1 #ggc-m4 ,hermetic work symbolized by the ,pelican and ,phoenix1 #ggd-m4 ,hermeticism is the ,kabalah in active realization2 the ,magic of ,works1 #hdj-l4 ,hermetics speak with reserve of secret fire1 living and philosophical1 #gge-u4 ,hero1 less noble to describe than be a1 #cdi-l4 ,heroditus described ,bal's temple at ,babylon1 #eij-l4 ,heroditus excuses himself for reticence concerning the ,mysteries1 #chj-m4 ,heroditus testifies concerning the doctrines of ,zoroaster1 #fag-l4 ,herodotus speaks reservedly of the ,mysteries of ,isis1 #dje-m4 ,hieroglyphics believed to have been taught the ,priests by the deities1 #cei-l4 ,heroic acts performed by the basest and lowest1 #bja-u4 ,heroism the loftiest feature of ,charity1 #gje-u4 ,herta1 the ,german name for the earth2 adored by them1 #feh-m4 ,hesiod and others declare all virtue is a struggle1 #fia-u4 ,hesiod sings of ,heaven and ,earth as ,ouranus and ,gea1 #hej-l4 ,hexagon images a cube1 not visible at the first glance1 #hbg-u4 ,hia1 the feminine form1 sometimes means ,it1 #fih-m4 ,hiddekel1 a stream of the ,edenic river1 #eh-u4 ,hildebrand referred to1 #ca-u4 ,hierarchical ,order1 intelligence1 figures1 #ig-m4 ,hierocles defines the great work of initiation1 #eba-m4 ,hierocles1 one of the zealous disciples of ,pythagoras1 #fbb-l4 ,hieroglyphic picture of ,lion's grip and ,master's gavel1 #hj-l4 ,hieroglyphics1 ,hermes gave the ,key to the1 #cfe-u4 ,hieroglyphics in one degree had a different meaning in another1 #cgd-u4 ,hieroglyphics1 meaning of1 so carefully guarded that meaning became lost1 #cgd-u4 ,hieroglyphics preceded by symbols of ,indians1 ,persians1 and ,chaldeans1 #cgb-l4 ,hierophant of ,eleusis1 ,motive ,god of nature1 veiled on throne1 #daa-l4 ,hierophants in concealing knowledge multiplied symbols1 #cba-l4 ,hierophants of the ,gothic ,mysteries ruled over the celebrations1 #cfg-l4 ,hierophants sought by every means to impress the candidates1 #chc-m4 ,high ,places1 idolaters sacrificed to foreign gods on1 #bcd-u4 ,high ,priest uttered the ,tetragrammaton on the #ajth of ,tisri1 #fbj-u4 ,high ,priest's vestments and furniture described1 symbolism1 #dji-u4 ,hillel1 the ,pharisee1 gives summary of the law of ,moses1 #agj-u4 ,hindoo divinities1 the attributes of the ,one ,god1 #fgb-l4 ,hindu creed from extracts from their books1 #fje-m--#fjf4 ,hindu deities1 ,brahma1 ,vishnu1 ,siva1 subordinate to ,brehm1 #eig-l4 ,hindu ,kusch1 or ,paropismus2 ,iranian races on ,eastern and ,southern slopes of the1 #fja-l4 ,hindu ,mythology abounds in images of serpents1 #ejj-m4 ,hindu ,mythology preserves the legend of the fall of ,spirits1 #fbc-l4 ,hindu name of ,deity consists of three letters1 ,a1 ,u1 ,m1 #fcb-l4 ,hindu religious dogmas epitomized1 #fjd-m4 ,hindu religion embodied as fundamental principles--1 #fjd-u4 ,hindus have veneration for the ,lingham1 a symbol of everproductive nature1 #fef-u4 ,hindus lamented the death of ,soura-,parama1 slain by ,soupra-,muni1 #eie-u4 ,hindus1 seed vessels of lotus a sacred symbol to the1 #i-u4 ,hindus' ,trinity became three distinct ,deities1 #eej-m4 ,hiram1 a type of humanity in its highest phase1 #bbe-m4 ,hiram said by ,josephus to have built a ,temple to ,astarte1 #daj-l4 ,hiramic legend represents a murder1 restoration1 and teaches--1 #dce-l4 ,hiram's murder1 burial1 etc41 symbols of the ,redeemer1 #fdj-l4 ,history not a fortuitous concourse of events1 #fdf-l4 ,hoam-ti1 third ,chinese ,emperor1 erected a ,temple to the ,great ,architect of the ,universe1 #fae-l4 ,hobbes says ,god is inconceivable1 #fea-u4 ,hod and ,netsach1 the thighs of ,adam ,kadmon1 #geh-u4 ,hod1 one of the ,sephiroth2 ,glory1 #gec-m4 ,hod1 with ,netsach1 is the ,perfection of ,deity manifested in his ,idea of the ,universe1 #gfg-m4 ,holland1 ,masonry in #agce prescribed by the states of1 #ej-m4 ,holy ,doctrine1 the absolute ,doctrine of the ,hermetics1 #hdj-l4 ,holy ,empire1 ,holy ,realm1 ,sanctum ,regnum1 names for ,magism1 #hdb-u4 ,holy ,empire is the victory of the spiritual over the human in man1 #hee-u4 ,holy ,empire of ,masonic ,brotherhood made possible by the ,royal ,secret1 #hfa-l4 ,holy ,empire spoken of in the clavicules of ,solomon and symbolized1 #gbg-m4 ,holy ,ghost of the ,christians corresponds to the ,wisdom of the ,kabalah1 #bfg-l4 ,holy ,house of the ,temple1 ,haikal ,kadosh1 #haf-m4 ,holy of ,holies formed a cube2 symbolic meaning1 #bji-u4 ,holy ,spirit composed of the universal agent1 #gcd-m4 ,holy ,spirit enveloped in silence from the awe of the ,mysteries1 #hdi-l4 ,holy ,spirit1 the companion of ,christ1 produced by the ,intelligence1 #efj-m4 ,h1 ,o1 ,m1 the three-lettered ,persian name of ,deity1 #fcb-l4 ,h1 ,o1 ,m1 the framer of a new ,persian religion2 his name was ,ineffable1 #fba-l4 ,homer makes ,zeus resent the accusation that evil comes from the ,gods1 #fij-l4 ,homer's ,zeus an array of antitheses1 like that of ,hesiod1 #fhi-l4 ,honor and ,duty1 a ,force2 the ,polestars of a ,mason1 #hi-l4 ,honor given to those who stand up for truth and right1 #hcf-m4 ,honor of a ,mason's country identified with his own1 #aef-m4 ,hope1 a great moral ,force1 is ,strength which ensures success1 #ia-m4 ,hope1 enemy of avarice1 represented by the ,moon1 #gbg-l4 ,hope1 for the exceptions to the law that attaches happiness to virtue1 #gbe-l4 ,hope for the triumph of ,good over evil a part of the ,masonic creed1 #eca-u4 ,hope1 no man can struggle and conquer without1 #aif-l4 ,hope of a ,mason1 that all men shall form one family1 #bcc-u4 ,hope of immortality the aim of ancient wisdom1 ,mysteries1 ,masonry1 #eag-m4 ,hope of man overcame the terrors of the grave1 #fec-u4 ,hope of success1 not hope of reward1 our stimulus1 #bbi-l4 ,horace and others declare ,zeus ordained evil for beneficent purposes1 #fia-u4 ,horus1 buried three days1 regenerated1 #ha-l4 ,horus1 ,master of ,life1 #ac-u4 ,horus1 one of the ,egyptian ,triad1 was the ,son1 the ,light1 #edh-l4 ,horus1 son of ,isis1 died and was restored to life1 #djf-m4 ,horus1 son of ,isis1 slew ,typhon1 aided by ,isis1 #cgf-u4 ,horus1 the ,god of ,time1 pours ambrosia on the hair of ,isis1 #cgi-m4 ,horus1 the younger1 the point in a circle1 the hieroglyphic of1 #gi-u4 ,hospitallers and ,templars vowed obedience1 poverty1 chastity1 #hjb-u4 ,hospitallers' ,houses despoiled by ,elizabeth1 ,queen of ,england1 #hjb-m4 ,hospitallers' ,houses were ,almshouses1 ,dispensaries1 ,inns1 #hjb-m4 ,house of all things the name for the ,principle of all things1 #gic-u4 ,house of ,god may be found everywhere1 #bda-m4 ,houses of the ,planets1 mythological emblems and fables1 #dgj-u4 ,hu1 in ,druidical mysteries was represented the death of1 #dbi-l4 ,hu1 the ,british ,god1 called the ,dragon2 his car drawn by serpents1 #ejb-u4 ,hua and ,hia1 the personal pronoun ,he1 ,she1 masculine and feminine1 #fih-m4 ,hua1 ,he1 the designating personal pronoun of the ,most ,holy ,ancient1 #gid-m4 ,hua1 ,he1 the totality of all things2 the totality of the ,ancient is male1 #gfc-u4 ,hua means the ,male1 ,creative ,principle or ,power1 #fii-u4 ,hua often used by itself to express ,deity1 ,he1 #fih-l4 ,hu-,hi proper for ,hua-,hia by omitting the a1 #fih-m4 ,hu-,hi transposed into ,ih-,uh1 #fih-m4 ,hule limits the progression towards ,perfection1 #eee-l4 ,hule represented as darkness1 a void1 shadow1 #eee-l4 ,human action foreseen1 but not controlled1 #hdh-l4 ,human action not controlled so as to annihilate its freedom1 #hdh-l4 ,human and ,divine intermingled in every ,human being1 #hec-u4 ,human body with male and female heads standing on a dragon1 #hej-m4 ,human ,deity an incarnate divinity1 #bbb-l4 ,human existence1 permanent conditions of2 result of1 #ic-l4 ,human form but the analog of the form taken by ,deity1 #gia-u4 ,human form is the form of all above and below1 #gia-u4 ,human frailty can not bear to suffer for nought1 #aii-u4 ,human heart beats for beggar and prince alike1 #bde-u4 ,human intellect imposes its own limitations on the ,illimitable1 #bbb-l4 ,human life is a great and solemn dispensation1 #aii-m4 ,human ,light but a reflection of a ray of the ,infinite ,light1 #bdf-l4 ,human mind has no conception of ,god's nature or modes1 #gdc-u4 ,human nature not satisfied with a denial of ,god1 #fde-l4 ,human nature possesses an inherent loftiness of ideal1 #hcb-l4 ,human power1 affliction or pain can not be kept out by1 #ahj-l4 ,human race one great family1 #agf-m4 ,human ,tetragram is ,adam2 it is ,yod of the ,kabalah1 image of ,phallus1 #gga-u4 ,human ,thought1 ,speech1 ,action1 combined1 irresistible in results1 #cbj-u4 ,human understanding does not vacillate at hazard1 #hdb-m4 ,human ,unity made complete by the right and left2 primitive man of both sexes1 #gga-u4 ,human wisdom intermediate between ignorance and knowledge1 #fia-l4 ,humanity1 a beauty and glory in1 #bad-l4 ,humanity afflicted by prosperity1 #cjg-l4 ,humanity1 as a ,unit1 existed in ,deity1 #gfd-m4 ,humanity aspires to ,god1 believes in ,god1 hopes in ,god1 #gjh-m4 ,humanity1 duties of a ,mason towards1 #agf-l4 ,humanity exalted the highest conception of human thought1 #feb-u4 ,humanity has had but one religion and one worship1 #ajb-u4 ,humanity in its highest phase typified by ,hiram1 #bbe-m4 ,humanity1 in the humblest abodes are worked out the problems of1 #bde-u4 ,humanity1 no one above the trials and frailties of1 #ahj-l4 ,humanity of ,christ1 more than his ,divinity1 which brings him worship1 #gdc-m4 ,humanity1 slow is the advance of1 #ic-m4 ,humanity's material1 sensual1 baser portion represented by the ,square1 #hea-l4 ,humanity's spiritual1 intellectual1 moral nature represented by the ,compass1 #hea-l4 ,humility1 patience1 self-denial1 symbolized by the ,cross of ,christ1 #hja-l4 ,hungus reigned over the ,picts in the ninth century2 saw ,st4 ,andrew's ,cross1 #hja-m4 ,hyades are five stars in the form of a ,v1 #dce-l4 ,hyperborean regions visited by the ,sun ,gods1 #eib-m4 ,hypocrisy1 the homage paid by vice and wrong to virtue and justice1 #gc-m4 ,hypothenuse of a right angle triangle represents the nature produced by union1 #hfa-m4 ,hypothenuse of the right angle triangle is product of ,male and ,female1 #ghi-m4 ,hypothenuse represents that nature which is produced by the union of the ,divine and ,human1 #hfa-m4 ,hypotheses scientifically are the last shadows of knowledge1 #hda-m4 ,i ,i1 ,a1 ,o1 the three-lettered ,greek name of ,deity1 #fcb-l4 ,i am alpha and omega1 the omnipotent1 #gja-u4 ,i signified unity1 #gja-u4 ,iahaveh1 ,father1 ,kabalah ascribes ,creation to1 #ajd-m4 ,ialdaboth caused the ,jews to hate and crucify ,jesus1 #efc-l4 ,ialdaboth made the world and man in his own image1 #efc-m4 ,ialdaboth of the ,ophites1 the ,demiourgos1 produced an angel1 #efc-m4 ,ialdaboth's ,sons1 by ,eve1 had children1 angels like themselves1 #efc-m4 ,iamblichus defines the ,egyptian idea of existence1 #fad-u4 ,iamblichus taught that the heavens and spheres were part of the ,universal ,soul1 #ffi-m4 ,iao1 name of one of the ,reflections of the ,ophites1 #efc-m4 ,iao1 the sacred name of the ,supreme ,deity1 #gjj-u4 ,icelandic ,prose ,edda1 has a dialogue concerning ,god1 #fai-m4 ,idea of ,ancient ,art is--1 #afd-u4 ,idea in ,deity was the ,universe in potence2 the sequence was involved1 #gfg-u4 ,idea of infinity and spirituality eludes us1 #bbb-u4 ,idea of the ,universe existing in ,deity as real as ,deity himself1 #gfd-m4 ,ideal justice which men look up to is true1 but is not of this world1 #hce-u4 ,ideal world1 at first1 preferred to the real1 #fgd-m4 ,ideas of ,plato correspond to the ,ferouers of ,zoroaster1 #bef-u4 ,idleness is perpetual ,despair1 #cdb-u4 ,idlers and drones not respected by ,masonry1 #ad-u4 ,idol made of a mind picture same as one of wood1 #fic-m4 ,idol of black magic is an ,absolute ,deity outside of ,reason1 #gcg-l4 ,idol worship the root of all evil1 according to the iconoclasts1 #fia-m4 ,idolaters make ,atheism possible1 #gcg-l4 ,idolatry did not gain much foothold among the ,arabians till--1 #faf-l4 ,idolatry forbidden by the early ,scandinavians1 #fah-m4 ,idolatry grew out of the confounding of the symbol with the object symbolized1 #fjj-u4 ,idolatry not practiced by ,chinese till after ,confucius1 #fae-l4 ,idolon means image1 #fic-m4 ,idra ,rabba1 ,synodus ,magna1 a book of the ,sohar1 says the ,deity is in ,microprosopos1 #gic-l4 ,idra ,rabla contains the statement that the left is female2 the right1 male1 #gfc-u4 ,idra ,suta contains the statements that ,god coheres with all and all with ,him1 #gfa-l4 ,idra ,suta says the continuance of things depended on their being male and female1 #hjj-u4 ,idra ,suta states that the ,principle called ,father is comprehended in ,yod1 #gib-l4 ,ignorance is ,darkness1 #ajg-m4 ,ignorance of the causes of phenomena of daily occurrence1 #ebf-ecj4 ,ignorance of the essence of ,magnetism1 heat1 light1 etc1 #egj-ega4 ,ignorance self-abandoned to a power tyrannical1 #fid-l4 ,i1 ,h1 ,u1 ,h designates the generative and conceptive ,forces1 #bfg-u4 ,i1 ,h1 ,u1 ,h1 ,the ,first ,born1 the ,creative ,agent1 emanated from1 #bfg-u4 ,ihuh1 ,abstract ,existence above the ,alohayim or ,al1 for the ,hebrews1 #eih-u4 ,ihuh-,alhim is the ,absolute ,existence1 #gja-m4 ,ihuh-,alhim3 the ,substance or ,very ,self1 ,alohayim1 are manifestations1 #efh-l4 ,ihuh1 as applied to ,deity1 represents--1 #bjh-m4 ,ih-,uh obtained from ,hu-,hi by transposition1 #fih-m4 ,ihuh1 ,self-existence1 one of the names of ,deity on the ,delta1 #eca-l4 ,ihuh1 the name assumed by ,deity in his communication with ,moses1 #fig-l4 ,ihuh1 the name that includes all things1 the name of the world of4 the garment1 #gej-u4 ,ih-,uh1 the ,tetragrammaton or ,ineffable ,name1 #fih-m4 ,ihuh1 the ,unity in which the many are and out of which all flow1 #gfd-u4 ,ills of society would be relieved if the world was peopled with ,christs1 #gah-l4 ,illuminati2 ,the ,absolute became the reason for the rites of the1 #hdj-m4 ,illumination carries its cone of shadow1 #hdg-l4 ,illusions satisfying the vulgar were coarse forms of--1 #fec-u4 ,illustrious ,elect 7,elu7 of the ,fifteen1 #ajth ,degree1 #afj-l4 ,image successful if it conveys the idea vividly and truthfully1 #eae-m4 ,imagery of ,orientals a desire to express the ,infinite by symbols1 #ead-l4 ,imma and ,aba2 ,mother and ,father1 #geg-u4 ,immortality a natural feeling1 an adjunct of self-consciousness1 #eag-u4 ,immortality admitted by the ,druids2 also man's responsibility1 #fah-u4 ,immortality and happiness symbolized by ,spring1 ,summer1 #ddg-l4 ,immortality3 categorical questions concerning1 #fdi-m4 ,immortality concurrent with a belief in an infinite ,spirit1 #eag-u4 ,immortality demonstrated by the law of merit and demerit1 #gjf-l4 ,immortality exists in the perception and thought of a mind1 #bja-l4 ,immortality2 nature full of phenomena used as evidences of1 #eag-m4 ,immortality not impossible if required by absolute justice1 #gjf-l4 ,immortality of the ,soul taught in the #ahth ,degree1 #bhg-l4 ,immortality of the ,soul a fundamental principle of the ,hindu religion1 #fjd-m4 ,immortality of the ,soul acknowledged by the ,vedanta and ,myaya philosophers1 #fjg-u4 ,immortality of the soul based on the necessary foundation of its spirituality1 #gjf-l4 ,immortality of the ,soul taught in the #ahth ,degree1 #bhg-l4 ,immortality of the ,soul the second ,truth of the ,sacred ,mysteries1 #ecc-m4 ,immortality proven by the tendency of the powers of the soul toward the ,infinite1 etc1 #gjf-l4 ,immortality symbolized by a serpent1 #dif-l4 ,immortality symbolized by the sprig of ,acacia1 #fdb-u4 ,immortality the shadow of ,god1 whose shadow is death1 #gda-l4 ,imperfection not possible if ,god's ,justice alone reigned1 #hdf-u4 ,impossibilities can not be done by ,god1 #gcg-m4 ,imposture commonly rules in ,republics1 #de-l4 ,impulse which directs to right conduct the third ,truth of ,masonry1 #ecc-l4 ,incantation developed out of prayer1 #fhe-u4 ,incarnations of ,vishnu and ,buddha represents the journey of the ,sun1 #ddh-u4 ,indented tessel1 should be tessera1 or indented border1 #hah-m4 ,india claimed ,osiris as one of their great gods1 #dge-l4 ,india gave ,zoroaster much of the ,primitive ,truth1 #fag-l4 ,india1 the ,patriarchal religion originally practiced by the people of1 #cfj-l4 ,indian books1 maxims from the1 #afi-m4 ,indian ,mysteries1 ceremonies and description of the1 #dbh4 ,indian or ,great ,plague claimed to have originated from the ,english tax on salt1 #hab-m4 ,indian philosophy gave birth to the ,egyptian ,mysteries1 #cgb-l4 ,indian philosophy spread through ,persia and ,chaldea to ,egypt1 #cgb-l4 ,indian ,sacred ,name of the ,one ,deity manifested as--1 #bje-u4 ,individual comfort and convenience can not be consulted1 #fif-u4 ,individuality an illusion according to the ,hindu dogma1 #fjd-l4 ,indra1 ,ormuzd1 ,ahura-,mazda is the bright firmament1 #fja-l4 ,indra1 the ,god of the glittering firmament1 ,father of the ,devas or ,powers1 #fjb-m4 ,industry never wholly unfruitful1 #aeb-m4 ,inertia and immobility of ,forces or ,impulses cause ,death1 #hdf-u4 ,ineffable ,name1 by reversion and division1 becomes bi-sexual1 #hdi-m4 ,ineffable name embodies the idea of the ,absolute ,existence1 #gjj-m4 ,ineffable name embodies the idea of the ,male and ,female principle1 #gjj-m4 ,ineffable ,name given its esoteric or inner meaning1 #fig-l4 ,ineffable ,name is not that of the ,very ,essence1 but of the ,absolute1 #hdi-m4 ,ineffable ,name is that of the ,absolute manifested as ,existence1 #hdi-m4 ,ineffable name of ,deity represented by the symbol ,y1 #dbi-m4 ,ineffable ,name of ,deity upon the ,delta known to the ,ameth alone1 #eca-m4 ,ineffable ,name of ,god given to the initiate into the ,mithraic ,mysteries1 #dbe-u4 ,ineffable ,name or ,tetragrammaton is ,,ih-,,uh1 #fih-m4 ,ineffable name of the manifested ,deity1 ,yod and ,ho1 two letters of the1 #cbc-m4 ,ineffable ,name1 signifying source of all things1 has four letters1 #fcb-l4 ,infinite1 a change in conditions of our being necessary to conceive the1 #bbb-,u4 ,infinite as well as ,finite present in everything1 #gfd-l4 ,infinite ,being must of necessity create and preserve the ,finite1 #gjh-l4 ,infinite combined the points until letters were formed1 #gdi-u4 ,infinite divisibility of the triangle teaches the infinity of ,deity1 #hbg-m4 ,infinite first limits ,himself by flowing forth in the shape of ,will1 #gff-u4 ,infinite1 limitations to man's knowledge of the1 #bbb--4 ,infinite of ,anaximander an ideal chaos1 #fge-m4 ,infinite ,power and ,wisdom can harmonize ,necessity and ,liberty1 #hdh-m4 ,infinite space and infinite time are two primary ideas1 #efi-l4 ,infinite1 the living principle of a living ,universe must be1 #bbb-m4 ,infinite time and space inconceivable2 ends in nothing1 #eie-u4 ,infinite ,time1 ,infinite ,space1 uncomprehendable to us1 #ebi-l4 ,infinite1 we are unfolded by the1 #aij-l4 ,infinite was moved within ,himself during ,creation1 #gdi-u4 ,infinity not comprehensible1 only indefiniteness1 #efi-l4 ,infinity of ,god the first ,truth of the ,sacred ,mysteries1 #ecc-m4 ,infinity of ,space and ,time known1 but the idea eludes us1 #bbb-u4 ,influence and works live after us1 #ajh-u4 ,influence of mind over mind2 man over man1 #ca-u4 ,influence of the great dead on the present1 #cab-cae4 ,influences live and the great ,future will obey1 #caf-m4 ,informatio1 ,binah1 ,the very ,head of ,macroprosopos1 as applied to ,adam ,kadmon1 #geh-u4 ,iniquity seems to prosper1 but its success is its defeat and shame1 #hcg-l4 ,initiate after a year prepared for initiation into the ,greater ,mysteries1 #chi-l4 ,initiate after instruction forbidden to eat animal food or drink wine1 #chh-l4 ,initiate after ten days was led to the ,sanctuary1 approached the abode of death and--1 #chi-m4 ,initiate after three days participated in a consummation of ceremonies1 #chi-m4 ,initiate bathed1 the ,priests implored forgiveness1 sprinkled him1 #chh-l4 ,initiate clothed1 crowned1 and celebrated the next day as his birthday1 #chi-m4 ,initiate invited to see ,christ who will shine with greater glory1 etc1 #eba-l4 ,initiate of ,bakchic ,mysteries purified his soul of passion1 #dbj-l4 ,initiate of ,mithraic ,mysteries crowned1 purified by fire and water1 #dbe-u4 ,initiate of ,mithraic ,mysteries received on point of sword at left breast1 #dbd-l4 ,initiate presented with thirteen robes representing the ,heavens1 etc1 #ejf-l4 ,initiate regarded as the favorite of the ,gods1 #chf-u4 ,initiate required to be free from stain1 #cij-l4 ,initiate taught his place in the ,universe and dignified him in his own eyes1 #daf-u4 ,initiate to the degree of ,scottish ,master traverses ,heaven and ,earth1 #ghe-u4 ,initiated1 great philosophers and legislators were1 #cgb-l4 ,initiates1 admonition of ,philo1 the ,greek ,jew1 to the1 #caa4 ,initiates1 after ,cambyses1 dispersed to ,greece and taught enigmatically1 #cfe-l4 ,initiates1 apostrophe of ,euripides and ,aristophanes to the1 #ceg-l4 ,initiates clothed in linen robes1 #chg-l4 ,initiates of ,bakchic ,mysteries followed rules of ,pythagoras1 #dbj-m4 ,initiates of ,bakchic ,mysteries practiced contemplation and peace1 #dbj-l4 ,initiates of ,christian ,mysteries received three degrees1 #eda-l4 ,initiates of ,druidical ,mysteries arranged in threes1 fives1 sevens1 #dbi-l4 ,initiates of ,druidical ,mysteries placed in a boat1 referring to ,osiris1 #dcj-l4 ,initiates of ,eleusis believed the ,sun blazed with splendor for them1 #chf-m4 ,initiates of ,mysteries invested with cord of three times three2 our cable tow1 #cfa-u4 ,initiates of ,mysteries regarded as fortunate men1 #cec-m4 ,initiates of ,orpheus were considered as released from evil1 #chf-m4 ,initiates of the ,mysteries1 ecstatic condition of the1 #ceh-u4 ,initiates required to be pure as indicated by fasting1 continence1 etc1 #ebj-l4 ,initiates supposed to be favored by storms and evils1 #chf-u4 ,initiates taught the nature and objects of the ,mysteries and--1 #dba-l4 ,initiates1 ,teach me to respect ,justice and the ,gods the great lesson taught the1 #cha-m4 ,initiates were given few explanations1 but left to make inferences1 #cee-m4 ,initiates wrote mysteriously concerning the ,mysteries1 #cfe-l4 ,initiate's soul lighted by the blaze of the sacred doctrine1 #eba-l4 ,initiation a serious matter2 qualifications for1 #chh-m4 ,initiation1 according to ,clemens1 was a real physiology1 #dja-u4 ,initiation an indication of moral purity2 intended to effect the same as philosophy1 #ebj-l4 ,initiation but introductory to the great change of death1 #cib-l4 ,initiation ceremonies and ,heavenly ,bodies closely connected1 #ejg-l4 ,initiation ceremonies became complicated1 pompous1 secret1 #ceh-l4 ,initiation1 ceremonies of the ,indian1 #cfa-m4 ,initiation changed fellow citizens to brothers closely bound1 #chf-u4 ,initiation compelled the performance of duties and the rules of justice1 #cia-m4 ,initiation dissipated errors and gave hopes at death1 #chf-l4 ,initiation1 effects of1 requirements1 results1 #ebj-ebb4 ,initiation3 ,hercules applied to ,eumolpos for1 #eib-l4 ,initiation3 ,hierocles defines the great work of1 #eba-m4 ,initiation in ,mysteries represents the death and resurrection of the ,sun1 #djh-u4 ,initiation into ,mysteries at dead of night with appalling ceremonies1 #cei-l4 ,initiation into the ,mysteries of ,eleusis1 #djc-m4 ,initiation into the ,mysteries as necessary as--1 #cec-m4 ,initiation lights up the ,soul with rays of ,divinity1 #ebb-m4 ,initiation probably took place in pyramids1 labyrinths1 etc1 #cei-l4 ,initiation propounded to science the problem of the ,conquest of the ,rose1 #hba-l4 ,initiation1 signs1 tokens1 degrees1 developed from the original1 #cei-u4 ,initiation1 ,socrates and ,aristides state benefits of1 #chf-l4 ,initiation termed ,light1 #eba-l4 ,initiation1 the ,epopt said to be regenerated after the ceremonies of1 #cgc-l4 ,initiation1 the first principles of life learned through1 #cec-l4 ,initiation1 the increase and decrease of the moon regulated the periods of the1 #cfa-m4 ,initiation the ,knowledge of ,deity who was the ,light of the ,mysteries1 #ebb-u4 ,initiation was a school in which were taught the truths of--1 #cgb-l4 ,initiation was1 as it were1 to suffer death and be born again1 #chh-m4 ,initiation was considered to be a mystical death1 #cgc-l4 ,initiations1 ancient1 objects of the2 tended to perfection1 #cig-l4 ,initiations consummated in ,temples of ,elephanta and ,salsette1 #cfa-u4 ,initiations into the ,mysteries took place generally at night1 #chc-l4 ,initiations1 ,souls tried in the ,sanctuary of1 #eah-l4 ,initiations1 the ,equinoxes were connected with ancient1 #djd-l4 ,initiations withdrew souls from mortal life and reunited them to the ,gods1 #ebj-l4 ,injunction to ,masons1 ,judge not1 etc1 #ace-m4 ,injustice1 loss results from the gain of1 #gc-u4 ,injustice of ,england lost her ,america1 #hce-m4 ,injustice1 two kinds of1 #abg-u4 ,injustices and inequalities of this life compensated for in a future one1 #hcj-l4 ,injustices1 difficulty in finding compensations for seeming1 #hbi-u4 ,inquisition1 references to the tortures of the1 #di-l4 ,inquisitorial duties of a member of the #cast ,degree1 #hbg-m4 ,inri1 various meanings of1 #bia-m4 ,inspector ,inquisitor1 ,grand ,inspector1 ,inquisitor ,commander1 #hbe4 ,inspector ,inquisitor1 the #cast ,degree1 #hbe4 ,inspiration given to every faithful child of ,god1 #bbf-u4 ,inspiration not limited by race1 or sect2 still exists1 #bbe-l4 ,inspiration of one age or creed2 ,philo and ,plato inspired1 #cba-u4 ,inspired minds ordered by ,god1 #bbe-u4 ,instinct of animals compared with the ,reason of man1 #cjc-l4 ,instinct is inspiration1 either the animal itself or ,god in the animal1 #cjd-u4 ,instincts and life of animals come from the ,universal ,soul1 #fff-l4 ,instructors1 attempt to reach understanding through the eye by early1 #cee-m4 ,instructors or ,masons from the #dth to the #hth ,degrees2 duties of1 #cca-m4 ,instructors to perfect1 explain1 expound to the younger ,masons1 #cca-m4 ,instrument of the ,hermetics to separate the gross from the volatile2 ,intelligence1 #gij-l4 ,intendant of the ,building1 #hth ,degree1 lesson of1 #acf-u4 ,intellect ever struggling to pass the bounds of its limitations1 #fif-l4 ,intellect has always sought to explain the nature of ,deity1 #gch-m4 ,intellect1 only sure mode of perpetuating ,freedom is the franchise of1 #ca-l4 ,intellect placed above and beyond the ,universe by the ,egyptians1 #fad-u4 ,intellectual force of some persons absorbed by others1 #gce-u4 ,intelligence active as the soul became disengaged from gross matter1 #ffi-l4 ,intelligence and ,life communicated to man by ,supreme ,intelligence1 #ffe-u4 ,intelligence and ,wisdom conjoined and one shines in the other1 #hjj-u4 ,intelligence3 categorical questions concerning1 #fdh4 ,intelligence complete as the world and accurate as mathematics1 #gij-l4 ,intelligence corresponds to the ,holy ,ghost of the ,christian ,faith1 #bfg-l4 ,intelligent ,deities necessary for worship1 #ffe-m4 ,intelligence directing ,strength and ,force is true meaning of necessity1 #fif-m4 ,intelligence enveloped in the soul in which it reposed1 #ffi-m4 ,intelligence existed wherever the ,divine soul acted as a cause1 #ffi-m4 ,intelligence filled the ,universe1 emanations from the ,universal1 #ffi-m4 ,intelligence1 ,god1 ,chance1 undistinguishable1 according to ,menander1 #fid-m4 ,intelligence great as the soul directs the movements of the ,universe1 #dae-u4 ,intelligence impossible without a soul1 #ffi-m4 ,intelligence of ,god perceives where the ,good is and his liberty accomplishes it1 #gjd-u4 ,intelligence of man an emanation from the soul of nature1 #fgj-u4 ,intelligence overruling the principle of necessity1 #fha-l4 ,intelligence produced ,christ and the ,spirit to restore the ,eons to--1#efj-m4 ,intelligence source of the oil of anointing1 #bfg-l4 ,intelligence supreme is necessarily rational1 #gcc-u4 ,intelligence1 ,supreme1 type of that manifested in man1 #bed-m4 ,intelligence symbolized by the ,pentagram or five-pointed ,star1 #gij-l4 ,intelligence1 ,tabunah1 represented by the ,hebrew letters1 #hjj-m4 ,intelligence1 the commencement1 revelation cf ,divinity1 the first ,eon1 #efj-u4 ,intelligence the ,supreme ,being of ,plato1 #fgh-u4 ,intelligences emanated from a ,primary ,intelligence1 #bdi-u4 ,intelligences3 ,god displays ,himself by1 #efd-u4 ,intelligences3 ,god's ,spirit emanating from ,his bosom the first of the1 #efd-u4 ,intelligences1 like the ,stars1 divided into the ,good and the ,evil1 #dgd-l4 ,intelligences3 ,logos1 the ,word1 ,creative ,utterances1 the second of the1 #efd-u4 ,intelligences of the ,stars have dominion over all ,nature1 #dgd-u4 ,intendant of the ,building1 #hth ,degree1 lessons of the1 #acf-u4 ,interests1 all men have common1 #bba-u4 ,interests conflict and passions clash in a world of action1 #fif-,u4 ,interests of the many requiring the sacrifice of others may be just1 #hcc-l4 ,intermediary powers between ,gods and men accorded to ,genii or angels1 #daf-m4 ,intimate ,secretary1 #fth ,degree1 special duties of1 #aai-u4 ,intolerance of religious belief1 a great evil2 effect of--1 #aff-l4 ,inundation of the ,nile affected by ,aquarius as well as ,sirius1 #dfh-m4 ,inventions to account for moral evil1 #fij-m4 ,invisible becomes the ,visible at the will of ,god1 #hde-l4 ,invisible ,god1 visible in ,eden1 ,sinai1 ,burning ,bush1 no incongruity1 #ead-u4 ,invisible measured by the visible1 #bbb-u4 ,invisible only cognizable through the visible1 #bfg-l4 ,invocation to ,ormuzd to combat ,evil and make men pure and holy1 #fac-m4 ,i1 ,o1 ,w1 the three-lettered ,scandinavian name of ,deity1 #fcb-l4 ,ionic order of architecture represents degrees of the ,second ,temple1 #bjb-u4 ,iranian objects of worship those of nature1 especially fire and light1 #fja-l4 ,iranian races seem to have originated nature worship1 #fja-l4 ,ireland and ,scotland2 ,cross on ancient ,buddhist ruins of1 #eje-m4 ,ireland1 serpents carved on ,buddhist crosses in1 #dif-m4 ,ireland1 the ,buddhists supposed to have erected the round towers of1 #bgh-u4 ,irira1 ,abraham ,cohen1 author of ,pneumatica ,kabalistica1 or ,beth ,alohim1 #ggb-l4 ,isaiah quoted in reference to the creation of evil by ,god1 #gif-m4 ,isiac ,mysteries required tomb1 pillars1 and lake1 #dje-m4 ,isiac tablet is charged with serpents1 #eja-m4 ,iside et ,osiride1 by ,plutarch1 speaks mysteriously of the ,holy ,doctrines1 #hda-u4 ,isin ,abla1 a ,mohammedan ,mystery teaching the name of ,god1 #fba-l4 ,isis accompanied on her journey by animals representing ,constellations1 #ejf-m4 ,isis addressed by ,lucius according to ,apuleius1 #chg-u4 ,isis addresses ,lucius and promises her favor1 #chg-m4 ,isis aided in her search for ,osiris by ,anubis in the shape of a dog1 #cgf-l4 ,isis and ,osiris gave civilization1 laws1 etc41 to men1 #dge-l4 ,isis appears to ,lucius as a beautiful female with graceful ringlets1 #chg-u4 ,isis1 as the ,moon1 seeks ,osiris2 her allegorical wanderings1 #dhj-dhc4 ,isis collected all parts of the body of ,osiris except generative organs1 #dge-l4 ,isis compared to ,knowledge by ,plutarch1 #eba-l4 ,isis1 declaration concerning herself on columns at ,nysa in ,arabia1 #cgh-m4 ,isis2 description of a procession of the initiates of1 #dab-u4 ,isis1 doctrines of the ,mysteries judged by the prayer to1 #chi-l4 ,isis extracted the body of ,osiris from a column of the palace1 #cgi-u4 ,isis found the body of ,osiris at ,byblos marked by a shrub of tamarisk1 #cgf-l4 ,isis in her search had with her ,anubis and ,nepthe1 sisters of ,osiris1 #cgh-l4 ,isis in the procession was attended by women combing her hair1 #chg-l4 ,isis is ,nature1 the ,queen1 #bgi-u4 ,isis of ,gaul1 called ,hertha or ,wertha1 ,virgin to bear a child1 #ajd-u4 ,isis1 sister before she was the wife1 of ,osiris1 #hdi-l4 ,isis3 the ,egyptians deemed it unlawful to utter the name1 #fbj-u4 ,isis the ,goddess of ,sais1 the ,feast of ,lights in her honor celebrated there1 #chj-u4 ,isis1 the personification of the ,moon1 #ddg-l4 ,isis1 was engaged as nurse to the child of ,queen ,astarte1 #cgi-u4 ,isis was the daughter of ,saturn1 the most ancient of ,gods1 #cgh-m4 ,isis1 weeping at a fountain1 dressed the hair of the women of the court1 #cgh-l4 ,israel1 allegory of ,jacob concerning the twelve ,tribes of1 #dfj-l4 ,iraelite1 by nature a servant to the ,stars1 relieved by ,law1 #eji-l4 ,israelites in ,desert worshipped a ,star ,god1 according to ,amos1 #eji-l4 ,israel's daughters looked to the north for the return of ,thammuz1 #eib-u4 ,issachar1 compared to an ass1 has for a device ,cancer1 #dfa-l4 ,ivy over ,east window of old churches is the ,hedera ,helix of ,bakchos1 #dhc-m4 ,izeds1 created by ,ormuzd1 offices of the twenty-eight1 #beg-u4 ,j ,jachin and ,boaz explain the mysteries of political and religious antagonisms1 #ggb-u4 ,jachin and ,boaz1 parallel lines1 point in circle1 represent ,solstices1 #ejf-u4 ,jachin and ,boaz symbols of the bi-sexuality of the ,ineffable ,name1 #hdi-m4 ,jachin has set on it the celestial globe symbol of the spiritual part of man1 #hfj-m4 ,jachin is ,binary2 ,boaz is ,unity1 #ggb-u4 ,jachin1 name of the column on the right of the entrance2 meaning of1 #i-l4 ,jachin1 one of the columns of the ,temple of ,wisdom1 represents the ,active ,principle1 #hfj-m4 ,jachin referred to symbolically1 #bjb-l4 ,jachin represents ,victory1 one of the ,sephiroth1 #bfg-l4 ,jachin1 the seventh ,sephiroth1 is unlimited ,power1 #gcf-l4 ,jacob saw the souls descending a seven-stepped ladder1 #hea-l4 ,jacob's dream1 the ladder in1 #bcd-u4 ,jainas1 a sect in ,india1 say the ancient religion consisted in a belief in--1 #fjh-u4 ,james the ,second1 silly song helped to unseat1 #dc-u4 ,jargon of a rude chemistry utilized by the ,alchemists to conceal their philosophy1 #ggb-l4 ,jargon of alchemy created to deceive the vulgar herd1 #gca-u4 ,japanese believe in a ,supreme ,invisible ,being not to be represented by images or--1 #faf-u4 ,japanese had seven ancient gods and five added1 #dfj-m4 ,japanese ,mysteries2 twenty years probation for highest degree1 #dbi-m4 ,japanese ,supreme ,being styled ,amida or ,omith1 #faf-u4 ,jay and ,marshall revered for their justice as judges1 #hcf-l4 ,jealousy of ,deity instanced1 #fhh-u4 ,jefferies1 as ,judge1 to be opposed by ,masonry1 #bj-l4 ,jefferies1 reference to trials before1 #di-l4 ,jehovah1 anthropomorphism of1 #bjg-u4 ,jehovah at the outset in the character of the ,sun1 #eaj-m4 ,jehovah conquers the ,dragons1 #dii-m4 ,jehovah had a distinct astrological character1 #eji-l4 ,jehovah leads forth the ,hosts of ,heaven1 naming them1 #eji-l4 ,jehovah more powerful than the ,gods of other nations1 #bjf-l4 ,jehovah of the ,hebrews expresses abstract existence1 #fea-l4 ,jehovah the ,author of all things1 prosperity and evil1 #fhg-u4 ,jehovah1 the direct author of evil1 commissions evil spirits1 #fhg-l4 ,jehovah1 the ,divine ,tetragram1 formed by adding the ternary name of ,eve to ,yod1 #gga-m4 ,jehovah1 the name by which all things are redeemed1 #efa-l4 ,jehovah the national ,god of the ,hebrews1 #bjf-l4 ,jehovah transfixes the ,crooked ,serpent1 #dih-u4 ,jehovah's jealousy against the infringement of autocratic laws1 #fhh-u4 ,jemsheed1 one of the ,persian ,sun ,heroes1 cut off by ,zohak1 #ehi-m4 ,jemsheed sawn asunder by a fish bone1 #ehi-l4 ,jericho1 ,rose of1 grows in ,arabian desert2 propagation of1 #if-m4 ,jerusalem often prostituted to the gods of ,syria and ,babylon1 #hdj-u4 ,jerusalem1 prophesy by ,isaiah concerning1 #ac-m4 ,jerusalem1 the #afth ,degree2 emblems of the ,prince of1 #bda-m4 ,jesus caused to be born of a ,virgin by ,ialdaboth1 #efc-l4 ,jesus ,christ1 the living ,spirit1 assists ,adam ,kadmon against the ,evil ,principle1 #eff-m4 ,jesus ,christ1 the ,son of ,god1 the ,saviour1 inscribed on ,christian ,mark1 #edg-l4 ,jesus1 born of a virgin1 united to ,christos1 with ,sophia redeemed the world1 #efj-m4 ,jesus1 in person1 having disappeared1 a cross of ,light appeared in ,his place1 #efg-m4 ,jesus received from ,wisdom the perfect knowledge1 ,gnosis1 #efc-l4 ,jesus restored to life and given an etherial body by ,christos and ,wisdom1 #efc-l4 ,jesus1 son of ,joseph and ,mary1 to whom the ,wisdom of ,god had united itself1 #efd-l4 ,jesus takes from ,ialdaboth the ,souls of ,light1 #efd-u4 ,jewel of the ,kabalistic pantacle commands the spirits of the elements1 #ghg-u4 ,jewels of the ,order1 six in number1 movable and immovable1 #af-u4 ,jewish intimate relations with the ,oriental doctrines1 #bee-m4 ,jewish ,scriptures allegories concealing profound meanings1 #bej-l4 ,jewish ,teachers of ,alexandria2 writings of1 #bec-u4 ,jews borrowed the idea of ,god in the form of fire from the ,persians1 #dbd-m4 ,jews confounded ,satan with ,ahriman and the ,dragon1 #beh-u4 ,jews considered the ,true ,name of ,god lost and its pronunciation a mystery1 #fba-m4 ,jews enunciated the policy of exclusion1 but yielded to the ,greeks1 #bdg-l4 ,jews familiar with the doctrine of ,zoroaster1 #bef-l4 ,jews fixed the ,new ,year in the month ,nisan1 ,vernon ,equinox1 #dff-m4 ,jews1 great many remained in ,babylon1 established school1 #bef-u4 ,jews influenced by long residence in ,assyria and ,persia1 #bee-m4 ,jews lost the ,holy ,word1 the veil of the ,temple rent asunder1 #hdj-u4 ,jews of ,egypt1 difference between the ,jews of ,palestine and the1 #bfj-m4 ,jews of ,egypt jealous of those of ,palestine1 #bec-u4 ,jews of ,egypt made doctrines harmonize with the traditions of ,greece1 #bfj-m4 ,jews of ,palestine imbibed the ,oriental doctrines1 #bfj-m4 ,jews1 reason of ,lodges for the exclusion of1 #aa-m4 ,jezirah and ,sohar1 our knowledge of the ,kabalistic doctrines in the books of1 #bff-l4 ,jizchak ,lorja says all things consist in ,binah1 #gec-l4 ,joab strikes ,abner under the fifth rib2 application1 #cf-u4 ,jod1 or ,yod1 as an initial of ,yod1 ,he1 is placed in center of a triangle1 #fcb-u4 ,johannism of the ,adepts1 the ,kabalah of the earlier ,gnostics1 #hah-u4 ,johannite ,christians claimed to be the only true initiates1 #haf-l4 ,johannite ,pontiffs assumed the title ,christos1 ,anointed1 ,consecrated1 #hag-u4 ,johannites claimed uninterrupted succession of pontifical powers1 #haf-u4 ,john declares concerning the ,gnostic doctrines1 #eei-m4 ,john gives the key to the allegories of the ,evangel1 #haf-l4 ,john1 ,solstices appropriated to the ,two ,saints1 #eie-m4 ,john the ,baptist1 #bfa4 ,john the ,baptist adopted by ,masonry to avoid the suspicions of ,rome1 #hah-u4 ,john the ,baptist2 parents of2 teachings of1 #bfj-l4 ,john the ,baptist preached in the desert near where the ,essenes lived1 #bja-u4 ,john the ,baptist1 religious systems approximating each other in the time of1 #bdg-m4 ,john the ,baptist1 religious thought at the time of1 #bei-m4 ,john the ,baptist taught some creed older than ,christianity1 #bfa-l4 ,john's declaration concerning ,christ1 the ,word1 #eei-m4 ,joseph and ,mary1 parents of ,jesus1 to whom ,wisdom had united itself1 #efd-l4 ,joseph initiated into the ,egyptian ,mysteries1 #cfh-m4 ,joseph interpreted ,pharaoh's dream of the seven ears of corn1 #gbi-u4 ,josephus describes the vestments of the ,high ,priest1 etc1 #dji-u4 ,journalism1 slander and calumny of modern1 #ccd-m4 ,journalistic spying is dishonorable1 #ccf-l4 ,judah has ,leo for a device whose grip after others failed raised ,khurum1 #dfa-u4 ,judas ,iscariot1 ,brother1 playing the part of1 #cf-u4 ,judge1 a member of the #cast ,degree alluded to as a1 #hbe-l4 ,judge cautiously and charitably1 #acb-u4 ,judge's duties are to hear patiently1 weigh deliberately1 decide impartially1 #hbe-m4 ,judgment hereafter as you judge here below1 #hbe-m4 ,judgment of ,god infallible1 because all things and motives are known1 #hbe-l4 ,judgment of ,god seen in the ,indian plague1 #hab-m4 ,judgment of the world by ,vishnu1 ,osiris1 ,sosiosch1 #fbc4 ,judgment on the acts1 faults or crimes of others1 #acj-ace4 ,judgment proceeded from the ,mother towards whom the ,father did not turn1 #gic-u4 ,judgments too rigorous prevent the process of creation from being carried on1 #gih-u4 ,julian an ,illuminatus and initiate of the first order1 #gca-l4 ,julian believed in one ,god and the ,trinity2 was no ,pagan1 but a ,gnostic1 #gca-l4 ,julian1 ,emperor1 discovery during the rebuilding of the ,temple by1 #bhj-m4 ,julian gives reasons why the ,mysteries were celebrated in the ,autumn1 #dia-u4 ,julian2 why ,mysteries were celebrated at the ,equinox1 opinion of1 #djd-l4 ,junior ,warden's column represents ,tephareth1 ,beauty1 #hjj-u4 ,juno holds in her right hand the head of a serpent1 #dii-l4 ,jupiter ,ammon represents the ,sun in ,aries1 #deb-l4 ,jupiter1 meaning and emblem of1 #bjb-m4 ,jupiter represents ,justice1 #gbg-l4 ,jupiter1 the name of the third gate of the ladder1 material1 brass1 #dad-u4 ,jurors1 attitude and duty of1 #abf-m4 ,juror1 position to be taken by a ,masonic1 #aee-u4 ,just things are beautiful2 everything beautiful ought to be just1 #hde-u4 ,just thoughts have on their side ,power1 ,wisdom and ,justice of ,god1 #hch-m4 ,justice a universal human debt1 a universal human claim1 #hcc-m4 ,justice and equity characteristics of a ,prince of ,jerusalem1 #bda-l4 ,justice and ,love in equilibrium in ,deity1 #gfi-l4 ,justice and ,mercy in equilibrium give ,infinite ,equity or ,harmony1 #hei-u4 ,justice as between man and man is that which it is right to do1 #hca-m4 ,justice as the law paramount2 all affairs must be subject to1 #hcj-u4 ,justice divorced from sympathy is selfish indifference1 #gj-ga-l4 ,justice has a law as universal as that of attraction1 #hbi-u4 ,justice1 ideal and absolute1 may be affected for the greater good of the greatest number1 #hcf-l4 ,justice indispensable to nations1 #gb-l4 ,justice instinctively understood better than it can be depicted1 #hce-l4 ,justice is the ,angel of ,god flying from ,east to ,west1 #hch-u4 ,justice is the constitution or fundamental law of the moral ,universe1 #hbi-l4 ,justice is the object of the conscience1 #hcc-u4 ,justice keeps just relations between men1 #hcc-u4 ,justice1 ,masonry seeks to enforce the laws of1 #abg-m4 ,justice may require self sacrifice1 #hcc-l4 ,justice not a consequence2 there is no principle above it1 #gbc-u4 ,justice not departed from though an ideal rule of justice may be1 #hcf-m4 ,justice of a thing decides whether or not ,god wills it1 #hdg-u4 ,justice of ,god alone reigning the creation of man would have been impossible1 #hdf-u4 ,justice of ,god and the law of merit and demerit the foundations of human faith1 #gjf-u4 ,justice of ,god1 in human affairs1 must work by human hands1 #hch-m4 ,justice of ,god not to be impeached because we do not understand1 #hbi-m4 ,justice of ,god not to be measured by our standard of justice1 #hbi-m4 ,justice1 ,power and ,wisdom of ,god are on the side of every just thought1 #hch-m4 ,justice1 the opposite of envy1 represented by ,jupiter1 #gbg-l4 ,justice the rule of right1 a rule of conduct for man in his moral relations1 #hcj-u4 ,justice1 the well informed ,mason is a votary of1 #aef-u4 ,justice2 to human nature1 and a part of it1 belongs a sense of1 #hcc-u4 ,justice to oneself is fidelity to our faculties and trust in their convictions1 #hcg-l4 ,justice toward men is a life in obedience to our faculties and their convictions1 #hcg-l4 ,justice1 uncertainty of human1 #aca-m4 ,justice1 which is ,god1 #hdg-l4 ,justice will not fail1 though wickedness seems strong1 #hch-u4 ,justin ,martyr quotes ,pythagoras as declaring ,god is ,one1 #ffg-u ,juvenal held no office1 #dg-l4 ,juvenal under the ,caesars1 #dh-u4 ,k ,kabala consecrates the alliance of the ,universal ,reason and ,divine ,word1 #gdd-l4 ,kabala contains a doctrine logical1 simple1 absolute1 #gde-u4 ,kabala contains a source of many doctrines1 #gda-u4 ,kabala establishes by the counterpoises of opposite forces the balance of being1 #gdd-l4 ,kabala furnished the material for the ,roman de la ,rose1 #gcc-u4 ,kabala gives to ,masonry secrets and symbols1 #gdd-n4 ,kabala struggles hard to understand and explain process of creation1 #geh-n4 ,kabalah1 an entire1 perfect1 unique ,theology in the ,secret ,traditions of the1 #hdc-l4 ,kabalah2 ,creation effected by the omnific letter of the1 #ad-u4 ,kabalah designates ,leniency as ,light and ,whiteness1 #gfi-u4 ,kabalah1 doctrines of ,persians1 ,gnostics1 and in the ,zend ,avesta1 similar to the1 #bff-l4 ,kabalah1 doctrines of the1 #bfg-bfi4 ,kabalah ignored by the scholastic theology of ,aristotle and ,lombard1 #hdg-u4 ,kabalah in active realization1 the ,magic of ,works1 is ,hermeticism1 #hdj-l4 ,kabalah is the primitive tradition and rests on a dogma of ,magism1 #gei-l4 ,kabalah minus the principle of the ,hierarch forms ,swedenborgianism1 #hbc-m4 ,kabalah1 origin and development of the ,holy 7,see also ,cabala71 #ig-m4 ,kabalah1 representation of the mysterious pantacles of the1 #ajd-m4 ,kabalah states1 in reference to the ,justice and ,mercy or ,benignity of ,god--1 #hdf-u4 ,kabalah1 study of1 aided by the ,tetractys1 #hh-m4 ,kabalah1 symbolism of lights according to the1 #bjb-l4 ,kabalah taught the unity of ,god and embodied a pure philosophy1 #fbe-l4 ,kalabah teaches the emanation of all from ,infinite ,light1 #bff-l4 ,kabalah1 the ,ancient of ,days existed before everything in the1 #bff-l4 ,kabalah1 the ,hebrew traditional philosophy1 #eeb-u4 ,kabalah the heritage of ,israel and the secret of its priests1 #hci-l4 ,kabalah the key of the occult sciences and gave birth to the ,gnostics1 #fbf-u4 ,kabalah1 the primary tradition of the single revelation1 #hda-l4 ,kabalah1 the ,supreme ,being is the ,unknown ,father in the1 #bff-l4 ,kabalah1 visions of ,ezekiel veiled by enigmatic dogmas of the1 #cba-l4 ,kabalist doctrines known to the ,templars1 #hae-m4 ,kabalist is a man who has learned the ,sacredotal and ,royal ,art1 #fbg-u4 ,kabalist pantacle1 the ,cross of the ,east1 made by the plates of the4 ,templar trowel1 #haf-m4 ,kabalistic alphabet in the ,tarot indicates the order to be followed1 #ggg-l ,kabalistic and ,hermetic ,rose ,croix1 #ghe-l4 ,kabalistic book of the ,apocalypse closed by seven seals1 #gbg-l4 ,kabalistic books furnished the doctrines of the ,hermetic ,philosophers1 #ggb-l4 ,kabalistic ,commentaries contain the meaning of the ,rose ,symbol1 #hba-l4 ,kabalistic doctrine based on ,deity without limitation or conformation1 #gfe-l4 ,kabalistic doctrine concealed under its emblems in the ,apocalypse1 #gbg-l4 ,kabalistic ,doctrine contained in the ,sepher ,yetsairah1 ,sohar1 ,talmud1 #hda-l4 ,kabalistic doctrine1 like ,masonry1 tends toward spiritual perfection1 #fbe-l ,kabalistic doctrine lost by the ,pharisees at the advent of ,christ1 #gbg-l4 ,kabalistic ,doctrine1 the dogma of the ,magi and ,hermes1 #hda-l4 ,kabalistic doctrine the religion of the ,sage and ,savant1 #fbe-l4 ,kabalistic doctrines of emanations1 the origin of the ,christian ,trinity1 #eeb-u4 ,kabalistic doctrines2 sources of our knowledge of the1 #bff-l4 ,kabalistic four ,worlds alluded to in the four elements of the ,ritual1 #ghd-m4 ,kabalistic ,gnosticism3 in the chiefs of the ,templars was vested the ,apostolate of1 #hag-m4 ,kabalistic idea of the ,infinite ,deity and ,his emanations1 #eeb-u4 ,kabalistic ideas concerning the ,sephiroth1 #gfe-u4 ,kabalistic interpretation of the ,seven ,sephiroth is ,atik ,yomin1 #gbg-m4 ,kabalistic number four furnished the mysteries of the ,tetragram of the ,hebrews1 #gcb-u4 ,kabalistic process of creation1 #gff-gfi ,kabalistic secrets contained in the ternarys of the ,evangelic ,symbols1 #gcj-l4 ,kabalistic significance of ,yod1 type of the human ,tetragram1 #gga-m4 ,kabalistic statement in regard to the ,infinite ,light1 #gdb-u4 ,kabalistic ,taro corresponds to the ,hebrew ,tetragram1 #gcb-m4 ,kabalistic theory of the four worlds1 ,emanation1 ,creation1 ,formation1 ,fabrication1 #gfh-l4 ,kabalistic triangle4 ,necessity1 ,liberty1 ,reason1 #gch-u4 ,kabalists consider ,god as the ,intelligent1 ,animating1 ,living1 ,infinite1 #ig-l4 ,kabalists have chiefly studied the questions of the ,nature of ,deity and the beginning of the ,universe1 #gch-l4 ,kabalists' opinion concerning ,souls is ,platonism and came from the ,chaldeans1 #ddj-l4 ,kabalists regarded ,deity as the ,primordial ,ether-,ocean from which light flows1 #gci-l4 ,kabalists wrote the unspeakable word1 ,ihuh1 translated by ,ararita1 #gbh-u4 ,karobim on the ,propitiatory was misunderstood1 #hah-l4 ,kether ,ailah synonymous with the ,supreme ,crown2 ,cause of ,causes1 #gea-l4 ,kether1 ,corona1 existent in the ,corona of the ,world of ,emanation1 #geh-u4 ,kether1 ,crown1 has no configuration nor can there be any cognizance of it1 #gec-u4 ,kether denoted by ,yod1 according to the ,pneumatica ,kabalistica1 #gih-m4 ,kether is the ,will of ,deity1 or ,deity as ,will1 #geh-m4 ,kether1 ,kabalistic meaning of1 #bjb-l4 ,kether1 the cranium of ,adam ,kadmon1 #geg-l4 ,kether1 the ,crown1 is treated of as a person composed of the ten numerations1 #gii-m4 ,kether1 the ,crown1 the ,divine ,will or ,potency1 the first ,sephiroth1 #eeb-u4 ,kether1 the will1 remains in ,macroprosopos1 the first ,universal1 #gic-l4 ,kether was the aggregate of the ten ,sephiroth1 #gee-u4 ,kether's sphere opened and thereout proceeded ,hakemah1 #gef-m4 ,key of the ,holy ,books is the ,sohar which opens all the depths and lights1 #hdc-l4 ,key to the pantacles of the ,apocalypse are three1 four1 seven1 twelve1 #gbh-u4 ,khairum1 or ,khur-um1 misrendered into ,hiram1 #haf-m4 ,khaled1 ,the sword of ,god1 at the battle of ,damascus1 exhorts soldiers1 #ec-m4 ,khur1 correspondence to ,egyptian ,har1 #gh-m4 ,khur from the ,zend word1 ,huare1 the ,sun1 #fjb-u4 ,khur-om ,abi1 meaning of1 #ha-m4 ,khur-om1 personification of ,light and the ,sun1 ,saviour1 #gi-l4 ,khur-om1 ,phoenician artificer1 meaning of the name of1 #ha-u4 ,khur-om1 similarity in the ,mysteries to the death of the ,master1 #dje-m4 ,khurum assailed at the three gates by ,capricornus1 ,aquarius1 ,pices1 #ddh-u4 ,khurum assaulted at the ,east1 ,west and ,south ,gates1 #dhh-u4 ,khurum1 improperly called ,hiram1 is ,khur-om1 #gi-l4 ,khur-um1 ,king of ,tsur1 first performed annual ceremony1 #beth ,dec1 #gh-l4 ,khurum laid several days in the grave and was raised by the powerful attraction of ,leo1 #dhh-m4 ,khurum legend connected with more ancient ones2 variants of them1 #dce-m4 ,khurum1 name of ,evil ,god1 ,bal1 found in name of each murderer of1 #hj-u4 ,khurum obtained true ideas of ,deity in the ,mysteries1 #bjh-m4 ,khurum1 or ,khairum1 derivation and meaning of1 #gh-u4 ,khurum raised by the ,lion's grip after that of ,aquarius and ,cancer had failed1 #dfa-u4 ,khurum represents the ,sun killed by the three ,winter ,signs1 #ddh-u4 ,khurum1 ,the ,master1 received no wages not his due1 #aad-u4 ,khurum1 the ,master1 the symbol of human freedom1 #baa-u4 ,khurum1 the ,tyrian artist of the columns ,jachin and ,boaz1 #i-m4 ,khurum's assassins1 origin of names1 relation to ,stars1 #dhh-u4 ,khurum's body searched for by the other nine signs of the ,zodiac1 #ddh-u4 ,kingdom of ,christ1 which1 though not of this world1 would govern all its grandeurs1 #hae-m4 ,kings3 not successively1 but altogether1 ,binah produced the seven1 #gif-l4 ,kings2 shattered into fragments were the first six1 #gif-l4 ,kings of the ,world are those knowing the incontestable verity1 #hdb-m4 ,kings1 when they died1 had no root in ,adam ,kadmon1 nor was ,wisdom their root1 #gih-u4 ,kneph or ,agathodaemon1 the ,good ,spirit1 represented by ,osiris1 #ehg-l4 ,kneph1 the ,serpent ,god of the ,egyptians1 #die-u4 ,knight ,commander of the ,temple1 first ,chivalric ,degree1 #egh-u4 ,knight ,commander of the ,temple1 the #bgth ,degree1 #egh-u4 ,knight ,kadosh ,degree1 the #cjth1 #had4 ,knight must be ardent in the practice of the virtues he has professed1 #hjg-l4 ,knight of the ,brazen ,serpent1 the #beth ,degree1 #dce4 ,knight of the ,brazen ,serpent1 the #beth ,degree1 explains symbols1 #dce-m4 ,knight of the ,east and ,west1 #agth ,degree1 philosophical1 #bdf-l4 ,knight of the ,east or of the ,sword1 #aeth ,degree1 lessons of1 #bcg-u4 ,knight of the ,royal ,axe1 ,prince of ,libanus1 the #bbnd ,degree1 #cdj-u4 ,knight of the ,sun1 or ,prince ,adept1 the #bhth ,degree1 #eha4 ,knight ,templarism originated in the ,east in #aaah1 #hae-l4 ,knight worthy of being called so if true to vows and possessing ,virtue1 ,truth1 ,honor1 #hjh-u4 ,knighthood's crosses are symbols of the nine qualities of a ,knight of ,st4 ,andrew1 #hja-l4 ,knightly attributes and qualities found in men in those days1 #hje-u4 ,knightly character requires mercy1 clemency1 a forgiving temper1 #hac-l4 ,knightly plumage1 dress1 gaudy habiliments incompatible with ,order1 #hjg-m4 ,knightly professions and duties1 #hjh-m4 ,knightly qualities of ,generosity1 ,clemency1 ,charity1 are more essential1 #hjc-u4 ,knightly qualities of ,humility1 ,patience1 ,self-denial1 essential qualities1 #hja-l4 ,knightly qualities of ,virtue1 ,truth1 ,honor1 are most essential qualities1 #hjc-m4 ,knightly spirit revived by the #bgth ,degree1 #egi-m4 ,knights ,crusaders1 nine in number1 consecrated themselves ,templars1 #hae-l4 ,knights incited to imitate the old ,knights and ,bayard1 ,sydney1 ,s4 ,louis1 #hjd-l4 ,knights incited to look to the ancient days for examples of ,virtue1 ,truth1 ,honor1 #hjd-l4 ,knights of ,st4 ,andrew vowed to defend the innocent and bring the oppressors to justice1 #hjb-l4 ,knights of the ,east and of the ,east and ,west successors of ,templars1 #haf-m4 ,knights of the ,east and ,west so called because--1 #bge-m4 ,knights of the #aeth and #afth ,degrees1 duties of the1 #ccb-u4 ,knight's boast to be consistent with our profession as ,masons2 retain our dignity and--1 #hjd-m4 ,knowledge alone not sufficient to fit men to be free1 #bf-m4 ,knowledge convertible into power1 #be-l4 ,knowledge convertible into power and axioms into rules of utility and duty1 #gaa-l4 ,knowledge imparted to initiates of ,mithraic ,mysteries1 #dbe-m4 ,knowledge3 in the ,ancient ,symbolism may be rediscovered the ,mysteries of1 #hdb-l4 ,knowledge is ,light1 the development of the soul1 #ajg-l4 ,knowledge is profitable1 moral1 and will be religious1 #gac-u4 ,knowledge of ,deity and ,soul because we feel their existence1 #fgd-u4 ,knowledge of ,god's existence through the ,power communicated to man by the ,word1 #eih4 ,knowledge of good and evil commenced1 #fcj-m4 ,knowledge of ,life limited to its developments1 #egb-m4 ,knowledge1 ,masonic1 little use unless it adds to our ,wisdom and ,charity1 #bf-u4 ,knowledge of natural things through our senses1 #gch-l4 ,knowledge of the ,absolute itself possible only through his manifestations1 #gch-l4 ,knowledge of the effects of things1 the attributes1 possible1 #egj-ega-egb4 ,knowledge of the essence of things impossible1 #egj-ega-egb4 ,knowledge of ,truth and of the ,nature of the ,gods the most precious gift1 #eba-l4 ,knowledge of the value of many things comes when we lose them1 #aij-u4 ,knowledge1 the forerunner of liberty and toleration1 #aga-m4 ,kosmos1 a word signifying ,beauty and ,order2 ,universe1 #hg-l4 ,krishna1 called ,heri1 ,shepherd and ,saviour1 #ha-l4 ,krishna1 ,hindu ,sun ,god1 #gh-u4 ,kronos and ,ouranos were above ,zeus1 #eig-l4 ,l ,l1 ,p1 ,d on ,cagliostro's seal were the initials of ,tread under foot the ,lilies1 #hbc-m4 ,labor a blessing1 not a curse1 #fia-u4 ,labor has produced all that is glorious in the world1 #cdf-m4 ,labor is a more beneficent ministration than man admits1 #cdd-m4 ,labor is ,heaven's great ordinance for human improvement1 #cdc-l4 ,labor is man's great function1 distinction1 privilege1 #cdd-l4 ,labor is noble and ennobling1 not a disgrace nor a misfortune1 #bdb-m4 ,labor necessary to develop the energies1 #bdc-u4 ,labor not a curse or a doom1 but a blessing1 #cdb-l4 ,labor1 the lessons of the #bb;d ,degree inculcate respect for1 #cdj-u4 ,labor1 three kinds of1 manual1 in arms1 intellectual1 #cca-u4 ,labor1 wide as ,earth1 has its summit in ,heaven1 #cdb-l4 ,labor yet to be the ,king of ,earth is the noblest emblem of ,god1 #cda-m4 ,laborers alone survive in the solitudes of ,time1 #cdc-u4 ,laboring man1 condition of the1 #agi4 ,labors of ,hercules depict the varying fortunes of the ,solar ,power1 #eia-l4 ,labors of ,hercules1 ,peter the ,great1 ,cromwell1 ,napoleon1 #cda-l4 ,labyrinth built in honor of the ,sun1 its twelve palaces consecrated to--1 #dei-l4 ,lactantius believed soul existed before the body1 #ddj-m4 ,lactantius ridiculed the earth's revolution around the ,sun1 #hdc-u4 ,ladder1 ,faith1 ,hope1 ,charity1 the three principal rounds of the1 #aj-u4 ,ladder in ,jacob's dream2 translation of the word1 #bcd-u4 ,ladder1 nine rounds1 #aj-u4 ,ladder of seven steps a symbol of the passage of souls through ,stars1 #dad-u4 ,ladder of the ,mithraic ,initiations1 with its seven steps1 a symbol1 #hea-l4 ,ladder reached from ,heaven to ,earth1 each step had a gate1 #dad-u4 ,ladder1 seven rounds2 symbolism1 #aj-u4 ,ladder1 symbolism of ,mithraic1 #bcc-l4 ,ladder1 theological1 which ,jacob saw1 #aj-u4 ,lamaism teaches final judgment before ,eslik ,khan and punishment1 #fbd-u4 ,lamb1 and two ,knights on one horse taught humility and self-denial1 #hjb-l4 ,lamb eaten by ,israelites at ,vernal ,equinox1 #dff-m4 ,lamb or ,ram adored when he opened the ,equinox1 #ddh-m4 ,lamb of ,vernal ,equinox marks defeat of ,serpent1 #djg-m4 ,lamb sacrificed by initiates of ,heliopolis and its flesh eaten1 #dca-l4 ,lamb used instead of ,ram by ,persians1 #dfe-m4 ,landseer's theory concerning the legend of ,osiris1 #dhc-dhg4 ,language fell into confusion after man's connection with the ,creator ceased1 #fjj-u4 ,language inadequate to express idea of ,deity1 hence personification1 #fgb-l4 ,language inadequate to express the origination of matter from spirit1 #fgc-m4 ,language not adequate to express our ideas1 #efi-u4 ,latitude and ,longitude of ,egyptian cities1 #ddb-u4 ,laurel wreaths for the ,greek and ,romans who fought for the love of ,liberty1 #aeg-m4 ,law as applied to the ,universe means--1 #fie-m4 ,law displacing ,chance and ,necessity permits man to be morally free1 #fie-m4 ,law ,eternal by which all the operations of ,nature proceed without clash1 #hbf-m4 ,law1 fundamental1 the keystone of the ,temple of ,liberty1 #baa-u4 ,law1 obedience to1 #aaj--4 ,law of attraction and radiation1 the principle of ,creation and cause of ,life1 #hdc-u4 ,law of ,attraction has no exceptions2 attraction is the common bond1 #hbh-m4 ,law of ,god a part of the law of ,harmony dictated by ,infinite ,wisdom1 #bdj-u4 ,law of ,god relating to our conduct1 #bdj-u4 ,law of justice claimed to be our notions of right adopted by ,god1 #hcj-u4 ,law of matter1 law of mind1 law of morals1 the mode in which those forces act1 #hbg-l4 ,law of matter1 learned only by experience1 is imperative1 #hbh-u4 ,law of natural phenomena expressed in the ,kabala by the number four1 #gcb-u4 ,law of natural phenomena furnished the ,hebrews with the mysteries of the ,tetragram1 #gcb-u4 ,law or principle of chemical attraction2 destruction would follow the repeal of the1 #hdf-m4 ,law of ,retribution1 #baf-bag4 ,law of sympathy and harmony inflexible as the law of gravitation1 #bdd-u4 ,law of the ,divine an analogical inference of human law1 #fid-m4 ,law perceived1 but not understood1 becomes ,necessity1 #fid-m4 ,law superior over capricious interference1 #fif-m4 ,law1 that mind gives character to all is one impartial1 #aib-m4 ,law unacknowledged goes under the name of ,chance1 #fid-m4 ,law unknown is not obligatory1 #fie-m4 ,laws and ,constitution in a free government above incapables1 #di-l4 ,laws and principles as a spiritual being1 #aig-m4 ,laws governing the ,universe by necessity1 #hca-l4 ,laws governing the ,universe changed by prayer questionable1 #fhd-l4 ,laws of ,god obligatory on us because they express ,his infinite ,wisdom1 #h-u4 ,laws of ,god produce wrong and injustice according to our standards1 #hcj-l4 ,laws of movement and life known to the priests of ,egypt1 #hdb-l4 ,laws of nature not known to ancients to be immutable1 #ddg-m4 ,law of natural phenomena represented by a cube1 #gcb-u4 ,laws of our own nature unchangeable1 #bci-l4 ,laws of ,solon1 the best his countrymen were capable of receiving1 #cg-u4 ,laws1 the ,mason should not attempt to change ,god's inflexible1 #cch-l4 ,laws1 the ,universe preserved by eternal1 #egg-u4 ,laws which seem harsh may be beneficial if looked on from a broader view1 #fie-l4 ,le ,verrier1 painstaking methods of1 #agd-m4 ,leaders of men1 not the acutest thinkers1 #ee-l4 ,legislators should be thinkers1 not gabblers1 #ee-m4 ,legend of ,hiram ,abif but a variant of an universal one1 #dce-m4 ,legend of the ,master1 ,khurom1 differently interpreted1 #bfg-m4 ,legend of the ,mysteries practically the same in all countries1 #cgg-u4 ,legends of the ,degrees considered as allegories1 not taught as truths1 #cbi-m4 ,legislators whose laws we obey now long dead1 #cac-u4 ,leniency designated as ,light and ,whiteness1 the ,substance of ,deity symbolized1 #gfi-u4 ,leniency of the ,kabalah coincides with ,paul's ideas as to ,law and ,grace1 #gfi-u4 ,leniency the essence of the ,stability of ,creation and part of the nature of ,deity1 #gfi-u4 ,leo named because the ,lion came to the ,nile athirst1 #ddf-m4 ,leo the device of ,judah by whose grip ,khurum was raised1 #dfa-u4 ,leo the first sign into which the ,sun passed below the ,summer ,solstice1 #dee-m4 ,leo the ,third1 ,kabalistic pantacle contained in the ,enchiridion of1 #ajd-m4 ,leslie1 ,john1 ,bishop of ,ross1 tells of those who saw ,st4 ,andrew's ,cross1 #hja-l4 ,lesser ,mysteries a preparation for the ,greater1 #dcb-u4 ,lessons learned in the school of life1 #ahb-l4 ,letter ,he1 resolved into ,daleth and ,vau1 #gid-l4 ,letters and names constitute the worlds1 #gdi-m4 ,letters fashioned from points by the ,infinite at ,creation1 #gdi-m4 ,letters 7the ,sephiroth7 changed from the spherical form into the form of a person1 #geg-m4 ,letters ,yod1 ,he1 ,vav-,he1 dwelt in the ,shekinah1 #gej-u4 ,level inverted marked on the breast of the ,indian initiate1 #dbh-m4 ,levy and ,simeon had for device the two fishes of ,pisces1 #dfb-u4 ,liberality teaches that possibly a contrary opinion may be true1 #afj-m4 ,liberties of the people guaranteed by--1 #baa-m4 ,liberty a curse to the ignorant and brutal1 #bf-m4 ,liberty and ,necessity apparently antagonistic1 #hdh-m4 ,liberty and ,necessity1 the columns of the ,universe1 symbolized by the ,temple1 #hdh-m4 ,liberty and ,necessity1 the essence of ,deity1 counterbalanced1 produce equilibrium1 #ggh-l4 ,liberty1 ,angels commissioned to aid man to exercise his1 #beb-m4 ,liberty can not exist without perfect equilibrium1 #gcf-l4 ,liberty1 chief foes of human1 #adh-m4 ,liberty1 ,equality1 ,fraternity1 foundations of ,free ,government1 #hfj-u4 ,liberty1 imagined1 may be the worst of slavery1 when--1 #agg-m4 ,liberty of the people must not be entrusted to any one man1 #baa-u4 ,liberty of ,thought proclaimed by ,christ1 #cji-u4 ,liberty1 or the free will of ,god's creatures1 #hdh-m4 ,liberty1 the basis of our existence1 we assign to ,god as ,his nature1 #gjd-u44 ,liberty1 the keystone of the ,arch of the ,temple of1 is--1 #baa-u4 ,liberty2 the sovereignty of one's self over one's self is called1 #dc-l4 ,liberty1 the wise ,mason is a votary of1 #aef-u4 ,liberty with obedience to ,law an immutable foundation of ,free ,government1 #hfj-u4 ,libra named because of the balance of the length of day and night1 #ddf-u4 ,life1 a social state ordained by ,god1 #aig-l4 ,life1 an imploring call for revelation from visible1 #aia-l4 ,life analogous to fire and heat1 #ffd-l4 ,life and ,light abiding in the ,first ,born or ,creative ,agency1 #bfg-m4 ,life and ,light considered by the ,persians as one1 #egb-m4 ,life and ,light in the ,creator or ,demiourgos1 #ege-u4 ,life and movement result from a continual conflict of ,forces or ,impulses1 #hdf-u4 ,life1 as air and fire1 was associated with the material machinery1 #fge-m4 ,life belongs to nature as much as matter does1 #ffd-l4 ,life comes from ,death2 reconstruction out of dissolution1 #gfh-u4 ,life given for moral and spiritual training1 #ahb-u4 ,life1 ,heat1 ,light1 centers of gravitation1 #hdc-u4 ,life in its relationships is like--1 #aih-m4 ,life is a battle1 to fight which well is the purpose of man's existence1 #hec-l4 ,life is a blessing1 #adb-l4 ,life is a school2 comparison to a school1 #ahb-u4 ,life is real and full of duties to be performed1 #bca-m4 ,life is the beginning of immortality1 #bca-m4 ,life1 ,light1 ,soul1 from the inherent ,light of the ,emanative principle1 #gee-l4 ,life made worthy and glorious by--1 #adc-l4 ,life1 more than life are the duties of1 #aea-l4 ,life of a community depends on--1 #aig-l4 ,life of ,humanity is the ,word1 the ,light1 #hdi-l4 ,life of the embryo maintained by the activity of the mother's life1 #ffh-l4 ,life of the ,universe and ,soul alike the result of ,harmony and movement1 #hei-l4 ,life of things from the vital fire that blazes in the ,sun1 #ffd-l44 ,life perpetually caused by the double law of fixedness and movement1 #hdc-u4 ,life principle familiar to the ancients and ,alchemists1 #gcd-l4 ,life principle is the universal agent1 #gcd-l4 ,life-principle of the world a universal agent1 two natures1 a double current1 #gcd-l4 ,life principle penetrates everything2 a ray detached from the ,sun1 #gcd-l4 ,life ,principle that moves the world1 compared to that which moves ,man1 #ffg-l4 ,life proceeding from the hidden ,deity1 #eee-m4 ,life represented by a simple ,tau2 eternal life when circle was added1 #eje-u4 ,life rises out of the grave2 the soul can not be held by the fettering flesh1 #gad-m4 ,life rising out of death an important doctrine of the ,mysteries1 #cie-m4 ,life1 teachings of the dread realities of1 #aii-l4 ,life1 the blessings of life proceed often from the trials of1 #cjg-l4 ,life1 the creation of ,god1 #adc-l4 ,life well regulated results from the equilibrium between our appetites and ,moral ,sense1 #hfj-l4 ,life what we make it by character and adaptation1 #aic4 ,life's length measured by what we have done for others1#aeh-l4 ,light1 a name applied to ,ainsoph1 because unable to express it by any other1 #gdj-m4 ,light a pure emblem of and first emanation from the ,etenal ,god1 #fag-l4 ,light a symbol of ,hope to the candidate1 #fci-m4 ,light1 ,ahriman second born of the ,primitive1 #beg-m4 ,light1 all things caused by an emanation of a ray of1 #bhf-u4 ,light an example of the emanation doctrine of the ,gnostics1 #bdh-l4 ,light1 ancient symbols of1 meaning1 #gg-m4 ,light and ,darkness a marked feature of the ,eleusinian ,mysteries1 #djc-m4 ,light and ,darkness1 a prominent feature in the ,mysteries1 #djb-l4 ,light and ,darkness are the world's eternal ways1 #eha-m4 ,light and ,darkness contesting for possession of the lunar disk1 #dfh-l4 ,light and ,darkness proceed from the idea of the ,active and ,passive1 #fei-l4 ,light and ,darkness1 the basis of ,ancient ,theology according to ,plutarch1 #djb-l4 ,light and ,fire2 references to1 #bhe-l4 ,light and ,life emanations from ,deity1 the archetype of light1 #egb-m4 ,light and ,whiteness a designation of ,leniency1 #gfi-u4 ,light as applied to ,deity is the ,substance from which ,light flows1 #gdj-m4 ,light became the first ,divinity of the ancients1 #ddc-l4 ,light coexistent with ,god2 questions concerning1 #gci-l4 ,light comes from the etherial substances that compose the active cause1 #fei-l4 ,light defined in the book1 ,omschim1 or ,introduction to the ,kabala1 #gdj-u4 ,light1 ,fire1 ,flame1 the ,aor of the ,deity1 manifested in flame1 out of the fire1 #gdj-l4 ,light1 ,pire1 ,flame1 the sons of the ,phoenician ,kronos1 #gdj-l4 ,light1 ,pire1 ,flame1 the ,trinity of the ,chaldean oracles1 #gdj-l4 ,light1 ,fire not a pure1 #bea-u4 ,light for which all ,masonic journeys are a search1 #beb-l4 ,light forthshone from ,deity not severed or diverse from ,him1 #gdh-m4 ,light from above constituted three brains for ,microprosopos when the letter ,he was born1 #gid-l4 ,light from the shattered vessels reascended to ,binah then flowed down1 #gig-u4 ,light has no characteristics of matter1 #gdd-u4 ,light1 ,human but a reflection of a ray of the ,divine ,light1 #bdf-l4 ,light in excess1 being veiled1 may be received by those below1 #gie-l4 ,light inclosed in the seeds of species has its home in ,universal ,spirit1 #ghc-m4 ,light initiates in ,bacchian ,mysteries cry ,hail new-born1 #ebb-u4 ,light is the creative power of ,deity1 #bfg-l4 ,light is the equilibrium of ,shadow and ,lucidity1 #hde-u4 ,light is the ,father and ,mother of all1 #bfg-u4 ,light1 modern and ancient conception of1 #gf-l4 ,light not ,spirit1 but the instrument of the ,spirit1 #ih-l4 ,light not the body of the ,protoplastes1 but first physical manifestation1 #ih-l4 ,light of ,ainsoph inheres in the ,vessel as their ,life1 ,light1 ,soul1 #gee-l4 ,light of ,fire the symbol of the ,divine ,essence1 #gdb-l4 ,light of the ,countenance of ,god1 the inmost ,covering1 ,aur ,penial1 #gdi-m4 ,light of the ,lodge a symbol of--1 #bdj-l4 ,light of the ,substance and that of the ,garment in the ,primal ,ether1 #gej-m4 ,light of the ,substance of the ,infinite a ,kabalistic expression1 #gdc-l4 ,light of the ,sun at midnight revealed to the ,initiate1 #chi-m4 ,light of the ,vessels is the ,soul of the vessel and is active in them1 #gee-m4 ,light of the vestige of garment different from that of the ,substance1 #gej-m4 ,light of the vestige of the ,garment termed a point1 ,yod1 a point in the center of ,light1 #gej-m4 ,light 7or knowledge7 of ,god's existence came from the ,power communicated to man by the ,word1 #eih-u4 ,light1 ,ormuzd existed in the beginning in the primitive1 #bef-l4 ,light1 perception of1 is the ,dawn of the ,eternal ,life1 in ,being1 #ajj-l4 ,light1 period of termination of the struggle between ,darkness and1 #beg-l4 ,light ,principle did its work1 but the ,evil ,principle caused ,him to be crucified1 #efg-m4 ,light-principle one of the ancient conceptions of ,deity1 #gci-m4 ,light ,principle put on the appearance of a human body1 #efg-m4 ,light ,principle suffered in appearance only1 #efg-m4 ,light ,principle took the name of ,christ in the ,messiah1 #efg-m4 ,light referred to in the ,kabalah1 #bhf-u4 ,light represented ,ormuzd or ,ahura ,mazda1 #fab-u4 ,light seems an emanation from the ,creator unfolding all things1 #ffj-u4 ,light ,substance in the ,deity1 #gda-l4 ,light1 symbol of truth and knowledge1 #gf-m4 ,light1 symbolism of being brought to1 #beb-l4 ,light synonymous with ,good1 #ffj-m4 ,light that is the visible manifestation of ,god active throughout the ,universe1 #hde-m4 ,light1 the cause and principle of all that exists is a ,divine ,ray of1 #bfg-u4 ,light the creature of the ,unseen ,god who taught the ,true religion1 #ehb-u4 ,light1 the final revelation in the ,eleusinean ,mysteries was1 #cid-l4 ,light1 the first divinity worshipped because it made known the ,universe1 #ffj-u4 ,light1 the head of the universal organism1 called ,pooroosha1 #fgc-u4 ,light the ,life of the ,universe1 #ege-u4 ,light1 the object of ,masonic search1 brings us to the ,kabala1 #gda-u4 ,light the principle of the real existence of primitive men1 #ddc-m4 ,light the reason of being of the ,shadow1 #cjg-l4 ,light the symbol of most of the ,indian and ,persian ,deities1 #fja-l4 ,light1 to the ,ancients1 was the cause of life2 flowed from ,god1 #ac-u4 ,light towards which all ,masons travel1 #bef-l4 ,light1 visible1 is attended by a shadow proportional to that light1 #hdg-l4 ,light wanted by the candidate wandering in darkness1 #cfa-u4 ,light was divine to the ,chaldeans and ,phoenicians1 #ehb-u4 ,light was the life of men1 said ,st4 ,john1 #gdc-l4 ,light was the ,life of the ,universe1 the substance of ,god and the ,soul1 #ddc-l4 ,light will return into the ,plenitude when redemption is accomplished1 #efd-u4 ,light worshipped by ,sabaeans1 #ac-u4 ,lighting and lights of ,temples1 meaning and reference1 #daa-u4 ,lights1 ,great1 #aa-m4 ,lights1 ,lesser1 #ab-u4 ,lights not seen in the ,north of a ,lodge room because--1 #eib-u4 ,lights represent ,sun1 ,moon and ,mercury1 #daa-u4 ,lights1 symbols in #abth ,degree of the three great1 #bjb-l4 ,lights3 the initiate became an ,epopt when admitted to the see the ,divine1 #eba-l4 ,lights1 the three great1 represent in the lodge--1 #baj-u4 ,lily1 a ,masonic medal had upon it a sword cutting off the stalk of a1 #hbc-m4 ,limitation modified by grace1 which relaxes it1 #gfd-l4 ,line being but the extension of a point1 an emblem of ,unity1 #dhg-u4 ,line1 duality or evil represented by the broken or divided1 #dhg-u4 ,line1 the first principle of ,geometry is the straight line1 #dhg-u4 ,lingham revered in ,indian ,temples2 an emblem of the sexes1 #fef-u4 ,lingham1 the union of ,active and ,passive principles1 #dja-l4 ,lion holding key in his mouth represents--1 #baj-m4 ,lion of the ,house of ,judah furnishes the strong grip1 #fda-u4 ,lion1 the symbol of ,athom-,re1 ,god of ,upper ,egypt1 #bed-l4 ,lions of different colors a symbol of metals in ebullition1 #ggd-m4 ,lips of a ,king impressed by a ,tau cross at initiation1 #eje-u4 ,literal reading of ,oriental writings leads into gross errors1 #hah-m4 ,live1 not all of life to1 #aia-l4 ,lodge1 a symbolic ,temple modeled from the ,universe1 #g-u4 ,lodge ceiling1 border1 brazen sea1 symbolism of1 #bji-m4 ,lodge1 ,christian1 must have ,christian bible1 #aa-m4 ,lodge1 definition of a1 #g-m4 ,lodge1 dimensions of a1 #i-l4 ,lodge1 ,east of ,american and ,english1 #ae-m4 ,lodge1 ,hebrew letter ,yod in triangle in the ,east of a2 symbolism1 #ae-m4 ,lodge1 ,hebrew1 must have ,pentateuch1 #aa-m4 ,lodge inaugurated by ,rousseau became the revolutionary center1 #hbc-l4 ,lodge1 ,mohammedan1 must have ,koran1 #aa-m4 ,lodge represents the ,universe1 #bji-l4 ,lodge supported by three great columns1 #g-l4 ,lodge supported by ,wisdom1 ,strength and ,beauty1 #g-l4 ,lodge1 symbolism of lights of the1 #bji-l4 ,lodge1 symbolism of the triangle in the1 #bji-l4 ,lodges extend to ,heaven from practice of having ,temples without roofs1 #cff-l4 ,logic of ,cicero proving the divinity of the ,stars1 #fgj-l4 ,logos1 a name for the ,wisdom of the ,kabalah1 #bfg-l4 ,logos dwells in ,god2 is the vehicle by which ,god acts1 #bea-u4 ,logos may be compared to the speech of man1 #bea-u4 ,logos personified by ,simon ,magus and ,gnostics1 #cbc-m4 ,logos produced by the words of the ,supreme ,deity1 #efj-m4 ,logos1 the material world created by the1 #bea-l4 ,logos2 the powers and attributes of ,god act through the1 #bea-l4 ,logos1 the word2 ,mysteries taught incarnation1 death1 etc41 of1 #dae-u4 ,logos1 the ,word through which ,god acts upon the ,universe1 #eeb-l4 ,logos1 the ,world of ideas2 ,chief of ,intelligence2 ,adam ,kadmon1 #bea-m4 ,long ,parliament1 in periods of convulsion1 #cj-l4 ,lord1 ,rev4 ,w4,w41 writes concerning present-day materialism1 #hjh-hac4 ,lorja1 ,jitz-chak1 author of the ,treatise ,de ,revolutionibus ,animarum1 #ggb-l4 ,lorris1 ,guillaume de1 did not complete the ,roman de ,rose1 #hbb-l4 ,lost meaning of the name of ,deity the ,true ,word of a ,mason1 #fig-m4 ,loss of the meaning of the ,true ,word considered loss of the ,word itself1 #gja-l4 ,louis the ,fifteenth1 condition of society under1 #bg-m4 ,louis the ,fifteenth forbade ,masonic ,lodges in #agcg1 #ej-m4 ,love1 a mythologic image of the grand secret and the grand agent1 #gcb-m4 ,love a power between the human and the divine1 #fib-m4 ,love and ,mercy impregnating ,rigor and ,severity by ,benignity1 #gif-u4 ,love and ,rigor must temper each other to produce creation1 #gih-l4 ,love at the bottom of ,christianity1 #gcj-l4 ,love became the universal parent when--1 #fhd-u4 ,love carries to the gods the prayers of men and brings down the gifts1 #fib-m4 ,love1 ,christ the expounder of the new ,law of1 #cji-m4 ,love emerging from the ,bacchic egg1 with ,night1 organizes ,chaos1 #ffc-l4 ,love1 interest in the virtue of those we1 #aih-m4 ,love is the attribute of ,compassion or ,mercy1 #gif-l4 ,love of ,god according to ,plato and ,christianity1 #gjd-l4 ,love one another the whole law enunciated by ,christianity1 #gje-u4 ,love1 perfect1 denoted by the ,father1 male1 #gie-l4 ,love received scanty homage before the birth of philosophy1 #fia-l4 ,love scarcely recognized in the old days of ignorance1 #fib-u4 ,love the best pilot1 supporter1 saviour of all things1 #fib-u4 ,love1 the highest and most beneficent of the ,gods1 according to ,plato1 #fhb-l4 ,love1 the physician of the ,universe1 the first born of ,nature1 #fhc-u4 ,love the solution of the problems of the contradictions of existence1 #fhc-l4 ,loving better than hating1 even by ,deity ,himself1 #hei-u4 ,loving ,kindness is greater than ,hope or ,faith2 the only thing ,god requires1 #hjh-m4 ,loving kindness of the ,father enfolds and blesses everything1 #gae-l4 ,lowly and uninfluential1 importance of the work of the2 instances1 #da-m4 ,loyola referred to1 #ca-u4 ,lucanus1 ,ocellus1 after ,pythagoras1 opened a school in ,italy1 #fec-l4 ,lucanus recognized the eternity of the ,universe and the ,active and ,passive1 #fec-l4 ,lucifer1 the ,evil ,force or ,devil represented by the false1 #ajb-l4 ,lucifer1 the ,lightbearer1 ,son of the ,morning1 ,spirit of ,darkness1 #cba-u4 ,lukewarmness to be anathematized1 #ach-m4 ,lulle defines mercury1 meaning either electricity or astral light1 #gge-m4 ,lulle1 ,raymond1 says to make gold must first have gold1 #ggg-l4 ,lulle1 ,raymond1 treats on ,hermetic ,science1 #ggd-l4 ,luther referred to1 #ca-u4 ,luther with his sermons worked great results1 #dc-u4 ,luxury1 extravagance1 ostentation1 the peril of nations and men1 #cdh-m4 ,m ,macrobius in the ,sacred ,fables explains theory of the ,two ,principles1 #djd-l4 ,macrobious taught that the heavens and spheres were part of the ,universal ,soul1 #ffi-m4 ,macrocosmos1 the universal organism called ,pooroosha1 #fgc-u4 ,macroprosopos1 ,arik ,aupin1 a person composed of ten ,numerations1 #gii-m4 ,macroprosopos is called in the third person1 ,hua1 ,he1 #gic-l4 ,macroprosopos is the ,idea of the ,universe when yet ,deity was unmanifested in the ,absolute1 #geh-m4 ,macroprosopos1 or ,adam ,kadmon1 constituted with three heads1 #geh-u4 ,macroprosopos1 the first prototype or ,universal1 #gic-l4 ,magdol1 the sacred ,babylonian tower1 description of1 #bcd-m4 ,magi advised by ,star of ,knowledge when ,truth comes into the ,world1 #hdc-m4 ,magi came from the ,east1 guided by a ,star1 to adore the ,saviour1 #hda-l4 ,magi1 ,daniel the ,chief of the ,college of the1 #bee-l4 ,magi guided to ,jerusalem by the ,star2 the ,blazing ,star1 #hdb-u4 ,magi led to a knowledge of the ,new ,name by a study of the ,pentagram1 #hdb-u4 ,magi1 many ideas of the ,jewish sects were obtained from the1 #bef-u4 ,magi3 ,mysteries concealed the occult science of the1 #hci-m4 ,magi of ,babylon were expounders1 astronomers1 divines1 #bef-u4 ,magi of the ,persians similar to the ,druids of ,britain1 #fag-l4 ,magi received the title of ,kings1 and ,magism is called the ,royal ,art1 #hdb-u4 ,magi saluted ,christ in his cradle as hierartic ambassadors1 #gca-m4 ,magian dogma the basis of the ,kabalah1 or primitive tradition1 #gfi-l4 ,magian ,mysteries have a religious1 philosophical and natural signification1 #ggc-u4 ,magian traditions symbolized the law of the equilibrium by ,columns1 #hdc-u4 ,magic3 an ,absolute ,deity independent of ,reason is the ,idol of ,black1 #gcg-l4 ,magic and occult philosophy of the ancients synonymous1 #gcj-l4 ,magic at the base was science1 #gcj-l4 ,magic1 ,high1 in ,egypt1 ,greece and ,rome1 #ih-l4 ,magic1 ,high1 styled the ,sacredotal and the ,royal ,art1 #ih-l4 ,magic is that which it is2 it is by itself1 like the mathematics1 #hda-l4 ,magic is the exact and absolute science of nature and its laws1 #hda-l4 ,magic is the science of the ,ancient ,magi1 #hda-l4 ,magic1 or ,magism1 reconciles faith and reason1 authority and liberty1 #hdb-m4 ,magic reconciles what are seemingly opposed to each other1 #hdb-m4 ,magic unites in one science what of ,philosophy and ,religion is certain1 #hdb-m4 ,magical agent makes possible the transmutation of metals and the universal medicine1 #ggc-l4 ,magical ,agent of the ,hermetics disguised under the name of ,prima ,materia1 #ggc-l4 ,magical ternary which1 in human things1 corresponds with the ,divine ,triangle1 #gch-u4 ,magism known as the ,holy ,empire1 ,realm1 or ,sanctum ,regnum1 #hdb-u4 ,magism1 the science of ,abraham1 ,orpheus1 ,confucius1 ,zoroaster1 ,moses1 #hci-l4 ,magism under a new veil in the ,holy ,kabalah1 #hci-l4 ,magnet of ,paracelsus the chief dependence of the ,great ,work1 #ggg-m4 ,magnum-,opus1 the ,great ,work of the ,sages1 to find the ,absolute1 #ggf-l4 ,mahaatma1 the ,great ,soul2 ,one ,god2 ,universal ,element2 ,mind1 #fgc-u4 ,mahomet adopted the primeval faith and taught the one ,god idea1 #faf-l4 ,mahomet not recognized as an inspired prophet by the ,templars1 #hah-l4 ,mahomet still governs one-fourth of the human race1 #cac-l4 ,mahomet the ,second broke a triple-headed serpent of brass at ,constantinople1 #ejb-u4 ,mahometan1 in the ,orient1 more trustworthy than the ,christian1 #ce-l4 ,maia1 ,nature's loveliness1 the germ of passion1 source of worlds1 #fhc-l4 ,maimonides explains the origin of the worship of ,stars1 #dce-l4 ,majestic number is ,three1 denoting the triple divine essence1 #fbh-m4 ,majority of men have an ideal justice1 juster than the law1 #hcd-l4 ,malakoth gives ten ,sephiroth to each of the four ,worlds1 #ghd-l4 ,malakoth is a person1 the wife of ,microprosopos1 #gii-l4 ,malakoth is female and the matrix out of which all creation is born1 #gfi-m4 ,malakoth is ,perpetuity and ,continuity without solution1 #gfh-u4 ,malakoth1 one of the ,sephiroth2 ,rule1 ,reign1 ,royalty1 ,dominion1 ,power1 #gec-m4 ,malakoth1 ,regnum1 a separate person behind and in conjunction with ,microprosopos1 #gid-l4 ,malakoth represents the field wherein are to be sown the seeds of the ,secret ,minerals1 #gii-u4 ,malakoth represents the metallic woman and ,morn of the ,sages1 #gii-u4 ,malakoth 7says the ,apparatus7 is called ,haikal1 ,temple or ,palace1 #gii-u4 ,malakoth unites with her husband1 ,microprosopos1 when face is turned to face1 #gii-l4 ,male agents3 ,heavens and ,sun have been regarded as the1 #hea-m4 ,male and ,female2 all things are constituted1 #gfc-m4 ,male and ,female are in equilibrium as ,hakemah and ,binah1 #gfc-m4 ,male and ,female are the ,active and the ,passive symbols1 #ghd-l4 ,male and ,female created he them1 #fih-l4 ,male and ,female created ,he them2 in the image of ,deity1 #hdi-l4 ,male and ,female formed2 the anterior and posterior adhering to one another1 #gdi-l4 ,male and ,female ,force designated by ,i4,h4,u4,h42 ,first ,born of--1 #bfg-u4 ,male and female ,god created things that they might continue1 #hjj-u4 ,male and ,female mutually tempering each other are ,benignity and ,severity1 #gfh-l4 ,male and ,female principles2 most profound idea of the1 #gjj-m4 ,male and ,female was the form of the ,universe1 #gfc-m4 ,male and female was the person into the form of which the ,circles were changed1 #geg-m4 ,male and female were the prominent ,deities of the ,mysteries1 #cgg-u4 ,male and ,female1 within the occult ,wisdom the ,supreme ,crown is fashioned1 #gfb-l4 ,male1 in the ,idra ,rabla1 is right2 female is left1 #gfc-u4 ,male is ,yod1 ,he is female1 ,vav is both1 #gfc-m4 ,male on one side1 female on the other2 the ,supreme ,will holding the ,balance1 #gfi-l4 ,male principle of the ,alchemists represented by ,air and the ,earth1 #gia-l4 ,male represented by the perpendicular of a right angle triangle1 #ghi-m4 ,male side of ,hermetic figure has a ,sun2 the hand holding a ,compass1 #hej-m4 ,malkarth1 symbol of the ,sun1 #gg-m4 ,malkarth1 ,temple of1 in the city of ,tyre1 #i-m4 ,malkuth1 the female organ of generation of ,adam ,kadmon1 #geh-m4 ,man1 a free agent1 responsible and punishable for his sins1 #egg-u4 ,man1 a thing to be thankful for is to be a1 #adj-m4 ,man an effect of the world and eternal like it1 #fed-l4 ,man an intelligent and free being1 the fifth ,truth of ,masonry1 #ecd-l4 ,man and the ,world created in the image of ,ialdaboth1 #efc-m4 ,man assumes his rank as a moral agent with consciousness of freedom1 #ffh-m4 ,man attains the purposes of his being when his two natures are in equilibrium1 #hfa-l4 ,man becomes a part of ,god when disengaged from his senses1 #faj-u4 ,man becomes immortal in the influences that survive him1 #cab-m4 ,man but an animal until ,god's immaterial spark penetrated his brain1 #ehb-l4 ,man but an intelligent animal if there he nothing ,divine in him1 #heg-l4 ,man by taking thought can enlarge his soul1 #hac-m4 ,man called a macrocosm because possessing in miniature the qualities of the ,universe1 #ffg-l4 ,man can bend circumstances to the purposes of his nature1 #aib-l4 ,man can not always find work and food1 #agi4 ,man capable of a higher ,love which lifts him beyond himself1 #fib-m4 ,man capable of respect and love for others3 justice and charity1 #gjc-u4 ,man3 categorical questions concerning1 #fdi-u4 ,man3 characteristics of a generous1 #aba-l4 ,man communing with ,god1 his vision eternity1 abode infinity1 #bde-u4 ,man compared to the ,world or ,universe2 called a microcosm1 #ffg-l4 ,man created by ,god1 ,male and ,female created he them1 #hdi-l4 ,man created for the sake of man1 #abj-m4 ,man creates ,god in the heaven of human conceptions1 #gcf-u4 ,man created in the image of ,alhim1 ,male and ,female1 #fih-l4 ,man created pure and received ,truth and ,light from ,god1 #ehb-u4 ,man dependent on the heavens and the genii that there inhabit1 #dgd-u4 ,man descended from the elemental forces or ,titans commemorates--1 #cic-l4 ,man disappointed when he realizes he has fallen1 #feb-l4 ,man disputes with and kills his neighbor in matters of opinion1 #ecj-m4 ,man distinguished from animals by the use of ,thought1 #gch-m4 ,man1 effects of generosity in a1 #abb-u4 ,man1 evil thoughts and occasions come to the corrupt1 #aid-m4 ,man formed of the dust of the earth by ,yehouah1 who breathed the breath of life into his nostrils1 #hea-l4 ,man1 free and subject to obligation1 is a moral person with rights1 #gbe-m4 ,man had the ,word in the beginning1 and the ,word was from ,god1 #eha-l4 ,man has a noble work to perform in himself1 #cdi-m4 ,man has fallen2 may be raised by following the directions of ,wisdom1 #beb-u4 ,man has natural empire over all institutions1 #bc-l4 ,man has power to commune with ,god1 #aii-m4 ,man in the #agth ,degree1 symbolism of1 #bef-l4 ,man is a moral person1 one endowed with reason and liberty1 #gjc-u4 ,man is both human and divine1 the antagonisms of his nature are--1 #gfe-u4 ,man is one1 though of a double nature1 #hfa-l4 ,man is ,free because he can modify nature's laws in regard to himself1 #fif-m4 ,man is by nature cruel1 like the tigers1 #di-m4 ,man lost a knowledge of ,god1 the ,absolute ,existence1 #ehc-m4 ,man made in the image of ,god and placed in ,asia1 cradle of the race1 #eih-m4 ,man makes ,deity in his own image1 #feb-u4 ,man makes ,god in his own image and thinks ,god created them in ,his1 #gcf-u4 ,man must be a worker2 the ,earth and ,air his laboratory1 #cdd-l4 ,man most dogmatizes on the inconceivable1 #bbb-l4 ,man most nearly approaches the ,divine perfections1 #faj-u4 ,man not a spiritual1 but a composite being1 #bcb-u4 ,man not a terrestrial plant2 his roots are in ,heaven1 #ebj-m4 ,man not the central point of the ,universe1 #gaa-m4 ,man1 on earth1 performs ,god's work1 #gcf-u4 ,man or the animal dying the ,universe withdraws its eternal spirit1 #fff-u4 ,man partakes of the ,divine nature as well as elementary nature1 #ffg-l4 ,man1 relative unimportance of2 effect on the ,soul1 #cjc-m4 ,man requires something tangible to exalt his mind to a due conception of ,deity1 #fag-l4 ,man sees evidences of design and ,god in ,nature1 #fdg-l4 ,man should not be angry at animal characteristics in men1 #gf-u4 ,man struggles to place himself in communion with ,deity1 #feb-fec4 ,man successively under the influence of the ,stars1 ,sun and ,moon1 #bee-m4 ,man1 the ,divine1 is the beginning of all creation1 #gfj-m4 ,man1 the ,divine1 is the principle of ,direct ,light1 #gfj-m4 ,man1 the ,divine1 supplies all things to all1 #gfj-m4 ,man1 the ,material1 is the end and completion of all creation1 #gfj-m4 ,man1 the ,material1 is the principle of reflected light1 #gfj-m4 ,man1 the ,material1 receives all things from all1 #gfj-m4 ,man1 the name for ,malakoth1 ,regnum and ,microprosopos jointly1 #gid-l4 ,man1 the present condition not the same as that of primitive1 #beb-u4 ,man the result of the ,creative ,thought of ,god1 #ehb-l4 ,man1 the unit of ,humanity1 is a microcosm1 #gfj-m4 ,man1 though insignificant1 seeks to know ,god and ,his methods1 #ecj-m4 ,man unites the ,divine and the ,human1 #heh-m4 ,man venerable or formidable but to a small part of his fellow creatures1 #abj-u4 ,man-,woman1 crowned with flames1 on a cube1 winged1 bearded symbol of ,mercury1 #ggd-m4 ,man1 worldly1 covetous1 sensual1 must change before being a good ,mason1 #abb-m4 ,man's desire to do something that will live after him1 #cab-u4 ,man's destruction comes not from the ,gods1 but from himself1 #fij-l4 ,man's domain is corporeal nature1 visible on earth1 #gcf-m4 ,man's existence in the infinite being of ,god1 #gjg-m4 ,man's faculties change not the ,divine nature1 #feb-m4 ,man's life a success when it is a harmony and beautiful1 #hfa-l4 ,man's life should be like the ,great ,harmony of ,god and the ,universe1 #hfa-l4 ,man's material and mortal portion comes from the earth1 #hea-l4 ,man's moral responsibility affected by the question of ,evil #fhd-m4 ,man's morality is the instrument of ,god's justice1 #hch-m4 ,man's normal condition is progress1 #fia-l4 ,man's soul a part of the intelligent ,soul of the ,universe1 therefore intelligent1 #fgj-u4 ,man's ,soul breathed into him by ,god is immortal as ,god's ,thoughts are1 #egg-u4 ,man's soul is immortal1 but its mode of existence ,masonry does not settle1 #ebe-u4 ,man's soul is man himself1 #ffh-l4 ,man's spiritual and immortal portion comes from the ,heavens1 #hea-l4 ,man's supreme object1 the ,good2 his law1 ,virtue1 #gbe-l4 ,man's true unhappiness is that he can not get his destiny fulfilled1 #cda-u4 ,man's union with ,deity the aspiration of the religious sentiment1 #feb-m4 ,man's ,very ,self is his ,soul1 which is not subject to decay1 #heb-l4 ,man's virtues are ,god's attributes1 #gjd-u4 ,mandaites recognized #cfe1jjj emanations1 #efh-u4 ,manes claimed to be the ,parakletos or ,comforter1 organ of the ,deity1 #efe-m4 ,manes derived his doctrine from ,zoroasterism1 ,christianity1 ,gnosticism1 #efe-m4 ,manes' dominant idea was ,pantheism from ,india and ,china1 #efe-m4 ,manes1 founder of the ,manicheans1 lived among the ,persian ,magi1 #efe-m4 ,manes1 two ,principles symbolized by white and black in juxtaposition1 #hah-m4 ,manifestation is the same as occultation1 #gie-l4 ,manifestation theory of the ,gnostics1 #eee-l4 ,manifestations of ,god as ,father1 ,son1 ,holy ,ghost1 how considered1 #bgj-m4 ,manifestations of ,god fill all so-called empty space and void1 #hde-l4 ,manifestations of ,god received the germ of ,his creations1 #eei-l4 ,manifestations of ,man and the ,church were twelve1 #efj-u4 ,manifestations of the ,eons were the ,word and ,life1 #efj-u4 ,manifestations of the numerations potentially in ,kether1 #gef-u4 ,manifestations of the ,word and ,life were ,man and the ,church1 #efj-u4 ,manifold and particulars evolved from the ,one ,general source1 #gfe-m4 ,manilius sings of the invisible and potent ,soul of ,nature1 #ffh-u4 ,mankind flowed into ,india1 ,china1 ,persia1 ,arabia1 ,phoenicia1 #eih-m4 ,mankind held in pledge by the principle of ,evil until ransomed1 #efg-l4 ,mantras' idea asserted and developed in the ,upanischadas1 #fgb-l4 ,marats in period of convulsion1 #cj-l4 ,marcion1 the ,gnostic1 says concerning the ,soul--1 #bhg-m4 ,marcosians taught that ,deity produced by ,his words the ,logos1 #efj-m4 ,marcus1 the disciple of ,valentinus1 spun the idea of a ,word into subtile details1 #efl-m4 ,marius in period of convulsion1 #cj-l4 ,mark1 in the shape of a fish1 used by early ,christians as a pledge of friendship1 #edg-l4 ,marriage of heaven and earth sung by ,virgil and ,columella1 #feh-l4 ,marriage of man and woman an image of the union of ,nature with herself1 #fef-l4 ,marriage represented by the number five1 which reproduces itself1 #fcd-u4 ,mars gives the ,soul valor1 enterprise1 impetuosity1 as it passes through--1 #dci-m4 ,mars represents ,force1 #gbg-l4 ,mars the name of the fifth gate of the ladder2 material1 copper1 #dad-m4 ,mars3 the religious ,mysteries of the ,gauls were called the ,school of1 #fbe-u4 ,marseillaise1 value of1 to revolutionary ,france1 #ib-m4 ,martin ,luther3 anti-papal doctrines written previous to1 #ie-l4 ,mary and ,joseph1 parents of ,jesus1 to whom the ,word had united itself1 #efd-l4 ,masaniello's fall referred to1 #cc-m4 ,mason a votary of ,liberty and ,justice1 #aef-u4 ,mason at first entrance assumes new duties1 #agf-l4 ,mason deceived who thinks there is nothing to be done in ,masonry1 #ahe-l4 ,mason1 definition of1 #bai-l4 ,mason1 duties of1 #bai-l4 ,mason1 duties of1 if he wishes to imitate the ,master ,khurum1 #aaf-m4 ,mason entitled to be called a perfect ,elu2 when--1 #bbh-l4 ,mason1 good1 does good naturally and because he longs to1 #afc-m4 ,mason has not lived in vain1 when--1 #aee-m4 ,mason held by his promises to a purer life1 to toleration1 charity1 generosity1 #gbf-l4 ,mason1 honest business dealings of a1 #aaf-aah4 ,mason1 moral courage of a1 fostered and encouraged1 #aed-u4 ,mason must be convinced that he has a soul capable of progressive development1 #hee-u4 ,mason not only a moralist and philosopher1 but a soldier1 #egh-u4 ,mason of nobler mould reaches a reward through pain and work1 #bbi-m4 ,mason1 precepts to be followed by1 #ahe-m4 ,mason required to kneel only in prayer or to receive ,knighthood1 #cbf-l4 ,mason should assume the title of a lover of wisdom1 #fia-l4 ,mason should be--1 #aac-m4 ,mason should be humble and modest before ,god1 #cch-u4 ,mason should be satisfied there is a real ,god1 infinitely wise1 #cch-l4 ,mason should have no alliance with impractical theorists1 #cch-m4 ,mason should live while he lives and enjoy life1 #cde-l4 ,mason should steer away from vain philosophies1 #cch-u4 ,mason should treat his brother who goes astray with charity1 #acc-m4 ,mason1 sympathy is the great distinguishing characteristic of a1 #agf-m4 ,mason1 that all men shall form one family is the hope of the1 #bcc-u4 ,mason3 the only good ,mason is--1 #afb-u4 ,mason1 the true1 #bg-l4 ,mason1 the ,true1 is a ,philosopher2 his aims as such1 #cbe-u4 ,mason1 thoughtful1 looks on fallen beings and offenses as solemn things1 #acb-m4 ,mason to look beyond calamity to the end that rises bright1 #aha-m4 ,mason1 to sow that others may reap is the true office of a1 #cag-m4 ,masonic belief in--1 #bbj-l4 ,masonic beliefs1 effects of1 #aie-l4 ,masonic ,brotherhood made possible by the ,royal ,secret1 #hfa-l4 ,masonic burial1 eulogies at1 #ahg-m4 ,masonic citizenship creates a new bond1 #bbj-m4 ,masonic ,creed1 ,believe1 ,hope1 be ,charitable1 #eca-u4 ,masonic culture1 to find sublime devotion a part of1 #aib-u4 ,masonic ,degrees cheapened1 overdone pomp and display due to ,anti-,masons1 #had-m4 ,masonic doctrine in religious ,truths1 #egf-l4 ,masonic doctrine that ,god is ,one2 that ,his ,thought--1 #egf-l4 ,masonic duties1 first of1 #acg-u4 ,masonic idea of ,god and his creations and acts1 #ebd-l4 ,masonic ideas in some measure analogous to those of ,plato and the ,gnostics1 #bej-m4 ,masonic implements used symbolically1 #ghg-m4 ,masonic juror1 position to be taken by the1 #ace-u4 ,masonic ,knight must devote himself to the worship of ,truth1 #egi-m4 ,masonic ,light1 meaning of1 #bhg-m4 ,masonic ,lodge should resemble a bee hive1 #ach-m4 ,masonic lodge1 teachings inculcated in a1 #bac-l4 ,masonic ,lodge1 what it can do1 #agc-m4 ,masonic ,lodges1 ceremonies explained in1 #ahf-m4 ,masonic ,lodges1 great problems and useful instruction in1 #ahf-m4 ,masonic lodges should be temples of knowledge1 #agj-l4 ,masonic moral code more extensive than that developed by philosophy1 #gbf-m4 ,masonic morality that of the primitive religions1 #eda-m4 ,masonic obligations a contract with every other brother1 #gbf-m4 ,masonic obligations2 mature and effect of1 #gbf-m4 ,masonic obligations taken upon the ,compass1 ,square1 ,books1 #hed-m4 ,masonic ,order1 name of1 titles and degrees1 not known in the past1 #bjg-l4 ,masonic philosophical ,cross an image of generative power1 #gga-l4 ,masonic philosophy and morality2 the ,true ,word of a ,master1 #gbg-u4 ,masonic secret manifests itself without speech1 #bah-l4 ,masonic secret partially revealed in ,apprentice ,degree1 #bai-u4 ,masonic sense1 religious tendency in the1 #bab-l4 ,masonic studies1 true objects of1 #be-u4 ,masonic symbolism of the three great lights1 #bjb-u4 ,masonic symbols become lessons of wisdom when understood1 #eig-m4 ,masonic teachings concerning a life of action1 #bdc-m4 ,masonic ,titles1 qualified to enlighten should be the wearers of1 #ahf-l4 ,masonic ,trinity3 the ,universal ,soul2 ,thought in the ,soul2 the ,word1 #ege-l4 ,masonic ,true ,word finds a meaning in the ineffable name of ,deity1 #fig-m4 ,masonic unbeliefs1 effects of1 #aif-u4 ,masonic work along charitable and educational lines1 #ahf-u4 ,masonic work yet to be done1 #ahg-l4 ,masonry1 a ,sphinx nearly buried in the sands1 #hai-m4 ,masonry a struggle toward the ,light of ,virtue1 ,manliness1 ,liberty1 ,intelligence1 #cb-u4 ,masonry1 a succession of allegories and lessons in morality and philosophy1 #ajf-u4 ,masonry acknowledges the good and true in all creeds1 #gah-l4 ,masonry adopted ,st4 ,john1 the ,evangelist1 and ,john the ,baptist1 #hah-u4 ,masonry an imperfect image of the ,ancient ,mysteries1 #fbd-l4 ,masonry and ,hermetic philosophy contain the ,ternary1 #gia-l4 ,masonry and philosophy have the same object1 #cbe-u4 ,masonry and the ,french ,revolution1 #bd-m4 ,masonry apart from all sects and creeds1 same everywhere1 #aec-m4 ,masonry approves or disapproves of--1 #afa4 ,masonry assumes the mask of ,stone ,masonry1 #bd-m4 ,masonry believes ,evil will be overcome finally1 but does not determine how1 #ebe-m4 ,masonry believes that ills and suffering are means to purify the heart1 #gah-m4 ,masonry believes the ,truth in every creed1 #ebe-l4 ,masonry belongs to no one creed or school1 #caa-l4 ,masonry1 ,blue1 as at present1 not traceable earlier than #agjj ,a4,d1 #bjh-u4 ,masonry but qualifiedly identical with the ,mysteries1 #fbd-l4 ,masonry can do much if each ,mason does his share1 #age-m4 ,masonry can not cease laboring for social progress1 #ahh-u4 ,masonry1 chief object of1 #acg-u4 ,masonry1 chief obstacles to the success of1 #bcg-m4 ,masonry constantly warring against the evil principle1 #bba-m4 ,masonry3 ,de ,molai said to have instituted an occult1 ,hermetic1 ,scottish1 #hbj-l4 ,masonry declines to dogmatize in the details of faith or religion1 #egf-u4 ,masonry1 degeneration of2 simplicity of former organization1 #cbe-m4 ,masonry defined2 its purposes1 essence1 spirit1 stated1 #hed-m4 ,masonry denies the right of any man to assume the prerogative of ,deity1 #afa-u4 ,masonry1 device of2 motto of1 #bbj-l4 ,masonry1 devotees of all religions accepted by1 #bbf-u4 ,masonry does not exist where there is strife and hatred1 #abd-u4 ,masonry does not meddle with the subtleties of philosophy1 #ebe-u4 ,masonry1 dogma of1 #bbj-l4 ,masonry enforces the lessons of ,him who died on the ,cross1 #bba-m4 ,masonry engaged in a crusade against--1 #bcg-m4 ,masonry forced by despotism and superstition to invent symbols1 #bba-l4 ,masonry1 forms1 as at present not the same as in past ages of1 #bjg-l4 ,masonry1 foundation and superstructure1 #bc-m4 ,masonry founded on the philosophy known and practiced by ,solomon1 #ghe-l4 ,masonry gathers the ,truths of the old religions and philosophies1 #bge4 ,masonry1 ,great ,apostle of ,peace1 ,harmony1 ,good ,will1 ,liberty14 ,equality1 ,fraternity1 #aab-l4 ,masonry grows through the wreck of empires1 #cae-l4 ,masonry has appropriated the ,solstices and ,sts4 ,john1 #eie-m4 ,masonry has become a science1 #edj-m4 ,masonry has developed the advantages to be reaped from ,mysteries1 #edj-m4 ,masonry has eternal duties1 #bj-l4 ,masonry has helped cast down some idols from their pedestals1 #ie-l4 ,masonry has her mission to perform1 #caa-l4 ,masonry has preserved the ,divine ,truth given to the first men1 #acf-m4 ,masonry hopes and longs for the elevation of mankind1 #aed-m4 ,masonry in ,england purged from revolutionary ideas1 #ej-u4 ,masonry in ,france gave as its secret ,equality and ,liberty1 #ej-u4 ,masonry in heart traceable centuries previous to ,solomon1 #bjh-u4 ,masonry1 in the higher degrees1 contains the ,hermetic science1 in4 certain symbols1 #hdj-l4 ,masonry1 inactivity and superficiality of1 #aej--4 ,masonry invites all men of all religions to war against wrong1 #caa-l4 ,masonry is a continual struggle toward the light1 #bbc-u4 ,masonry is a ,worship in which all civilized men may unite1 #ebf-u4 ,masonry is continual effort to exalt the nobler nature over the ignoble1 #hac-m4 ,masonry is not a religion1 #afa-m4 ,masonry is philanthropic1 #bba-u4 ,masonry is philosophical because--1 #bba-m4 ,masonry is the apotheosis of ,work1 #cdj-u4 ,masonry is the great ,peace ,society of the world1 #abd-m4 ,masonry is the subjugation of the ,human that is in ,man by the ,divine1 #hed-l4 ,masonry is the universal morality suitable to every man1 #afa-l4 ,masonry is work and the laboring man the peer of any1 #bdb-m4 ,masonry is ,worship2 declaration in ,apprentice ,degree1 #bai-u4 ,masonry1 labors of1 that excite zeal1 #ach-m4 ,masonry labors to equilibrate in us the ,human and the ,divine1 #hfj-l4 ,masonry labors to improve the social order by--1 #bai-u4 ,masonry leaves each to the practice of his own religion1 #bbf-m4 ,masonry leaves to others the inquiry into methods and creeds1 #ebd-ebe4 ,masonry3 ,man is an intelligent and free being1 the fifth ,truth of1 #ecd-l4 ,masonry marches on towards the day when ,evil is overcome1 #bhg-l4 ,masonry1 morality and virtue the bases of1 #ahe-u4 ,masonry1 multiplication of ,degrees and additional ceremonials in1 #cbf-u4 ,masonry must do all in its power to inform and protect the people1 #ahj-m4 ,masonry1 need for activity in its labors1 #ic-m4 ,masonry neither a political nor a religious sect1 #bbj-l4 ,masonry not a cold metaphysical proposition1 #cca-u ,masonry not for cold souls and narrow minds1 #ach-m4 ,masonry not infallible2 should not dictate what others should believe1 #fdb-m4 ,masonry not speculative1 but experimental1 #adi-m4 ,masonry now retains its ancient symbols1 #bba-l4 ,masonry1 object of1 #bbj-l4 ,masonry3 ,occult science of the ,magi found in the enigmas of the high degrees of1 #hci-m4 ,masonry1 or ,free or ,frank-,masonry1 #bjg-l4 ,masonry ordained to bestow manhood1 science1 philosophy1 #be-u4 ,masonry1 orders of architecture representing divisions of1 #bjb-u4 ,masonry perpetuates a ,truth in imparting the ,true ,word1 #fdb-l4 ,masonry philanthropic1 philosophical1 progressive1 #bbj-l4 ,masonry prescribed1 dates1 and by whom1 #ej-m4 ,masonry properly expounded is the interpretation of nature1 philosophy and--1 #fbe-m4 ,masonry1 questions concerning doings in1 #ahe-l4 ,masonry recognizes the important position of necessity1 #aed-u4 ,masonry reiterates the maxims of the philosophers1 #bba-m4 ,masonry reiterates the moral precepts of all religions1 #gah-l4 ,masonry rejects no religious belief2 is of no one religion1 #ebd4 ,masonry1 religion and philosophy of1 #bge4 ,masonry represents the ,good principle and its prototypes1 #bba-m4 ,masonry requires every man to do something1 #agc-u4 ,masonry requires nothing impracticable1 #agb-l4 ,masonry resorted to by the ,alchemists who invented ,degrees1 #gca-u4 ,masonry reverences all reformers1 but does not define their ,divinity1 #ebe-l4 ,masonry reveres the character of the ,great ,master1 #gah-gba4 ,masonry same today as at the birth of the race1 #aec-m4 ,masonry seeks to be the beneficent guide in the ,progress towards4 ,freedom1 #ie-m4 ,masonry seeks to ennoble common life1 #cej-l4 ,masonry stands for the nobility of ,labor1 #cdc-l4 ,masonry1 study and reflection necessary for an understanding of1 #ajg-m4 ,masonry1 successor of the ,mysteries1 teaches by symbols1 #bb-l4 ,masonry symbolized and taught by the ,compass and ,square1 #hed-m4 ,masonry1 sympathies of1 are with a people striving to be free1 #aed-m4 ,masonry sympathises and inculcates respect for labor1 #cdj-u4 ,masonry taught by the ,balance1 the symbol of all ,equilibrium1 #hed-m4 ,masonry taught by the ,cross1 symbol of devotedness and self-sacrifice1 #hed-m4 ,masonry taught to the ,knight by the ,swords1 symbols of ,honor and ,duty1 #hed-m4 ,masonry1 traditions and symbols of1 antedates ,egypt1 #caa-l4 ,masonry1 teachings of1 eminently practical1 #ach-l4 ,masonry1 teachings of2 where learned1 #caf-u4 ,masonry teaches ,liberty1 ,equality1 ,fraternity1 #bc-m4 ,masonry teaches that all actions are foreseen by ,god1 #bci-m4 ,masonry teaches that all ,power is delegated for the good of the people1 #aee-l4 ,masonry teaches that every idler should engage in some labor1 #cdc-l4 ,masonry teaches that ,god is a ,paternal ,being1 #bci-u4 ,masonry teaches that ,god is1 of necessity1 good1 #gag-l4 ,masonry teaches that it is better to love than to hate1 #hac-u4 ,masonry teaches that the ,present is our scene of action1 #aci-m4 ,masonry teaches that the pursuits of this life tend to--1 #baa-l4 ,masonry teaches that the soul of man is an emanation1 #bci-l4 ,masonry teaches the old primitive ,truths1 #afa-l4 ,masonry teaches the rights1 duties and interests of men1 #be-u4 ,masonry teaches the soul of man is made for virtue1 #bci-l4 ,masonry teaches the wisdom of ,plato and ,socrates1 #bba-m4 ,masonry teaches ,toleration and rebukes abuse of power1 #gd-l4 ,masonry teaches truths written by the finger of ,god on the heart1 #aci-u4 ,masonry teaches us to appreciate this life and world1 #adb-u4 ,masonry teaches we are not all mortal2 that the ,spirit is our ,very ,self1 #heb-l4 ,masonry3 that good men are tending to the realm of ,perfection is the one great ,truth of1 #ech-u4 ,masonry3 that the ,justice1 ,wisdom and ,mercy of ,god are infinite is the ninth ,truth of1 #ecg-u4 ,masonry3 that the laws of the ,universe are those of motion1 etc41 is the eighth ,truth of1 #ecf-m4 ,masonry3 the absoluteness of moral truth1 the fourth ,truth of1 #ecd-u4 ,masonry the actual ,worker1 the ,toiler1 #cdf-l4 ,masonry the child of the ,kabalah and ,essenism together1 #hah-u4 ,masonry3 the history of ,philosophy is the history of1 #edj-m4 ,masonry3 the impulse which directs to right conduct1 third ,truth of1 #ecc-m4 ,masonry the interpreter of the true knowledge of ,god1 #bji-u4 ,masonry the lineal descendant of the higher science of ,egypt1 #bec-l4 ,masonry3 the necessity of practicing the moral truths1 the sixth ,truth of1 #ece-m4 ,masonry1 the practical object of1 #bah-m4 ,masonry1 the primitive ,christianity organized into1 #cbe-l4 ,masonry1 the universal character of1 #bgf-l4 ,masonry the universal1 eternal1 immutable religion1 #bai-m4 ,masonry3 to be charitable in the broadest sense1 the seventh ,truth of1 #ecf-u4 ,masonry to exert itself in the cause of humanity1 #bg-l4 ,masonry1 to live happily we must embrace the great truths of1 #aif-m4 ,masonry took the place of the school of ,pythagoras1 #fbe-u4 ,masonry ,trusts1 ,believes1 ,waits1 #ebf-u4 ,masonry under the banner of ,charity preserves religious feeling1 #ach-u4 ,masonry1 usefulness of1 #aac-u4 ,masonry1 what constitutes1 #bjg-l4 ,masonry within must be ,morality without1 #afb-l4 ,masonry1 work and mission1 #aeb-aee4 ,masonry1 work is the duty of #ahe-l4 ,masonry writes on its banners its principles displayed in every country1 #bba-l4 ,masonry's best friends and worst enemies were the ,anti-,masons1 #had-m4 ,masonry's creed that taught by nature and reason1 #gah-l4 ,masonry's examples and teachings neglected outside the ,lodge1 #aea-m4 ,masonry's obligations little regarded2 political elections2 empty pomp1 #hjg-m4 ,masons accept the views of religion and duty that are--1 #bbf-m4 ,masons and ,masonry true to their mission bring great results1 #age-l4 ,mason's belief tends to the highest eminence in virtue1 #bbh-l4 ,mason's belief that his individual good is in ,god's consideration1 #bbh-l4 ,mason's belief that pain is ordained for his chastening1 #bbh-m4 ,masons' belief that sorrows are the result of the operation of laws1 #bbh-m4 ,masons believe in great minds in all ages speaking by inspiration1 #bbe-u4 ,masons believe that ,god has arranged this world with a plan1 #bbe-m4 ,mason's business is to read the book of ,nature1 #baf-u4 ,mason's conception and belief in ,god1 #bbd-l4 ,masons form uncharitable opinions of ,masons1 #ahf-u4 ,masons ignorant of the ,clavicles and their contents and the ,pantacle of ,solomon1 #ghi-u4 ,masons1 in all religions and countries are found good1 #afb-l4 ,masons1 knowledge made known to ,perfect1 #bjg-l4 ,masons may help deepen the channel in which ,god's justice runs1 #hch-l4 ,masons may lawfully and earnestly desire a fortune when--1 #cdf-u4 ,masons-,militant of ,zorobabel the model of the ,templars1 #haf-m4 ,masons1 not tolerant of religious and political opinions of ,masons1 #ahf-u4 ,masons of old concealed important points of their ,art under hieroglyphic characters1 #ghe-l4 ,masons' relations to ,god1 #bbg-l4 ,mason's rule is to speak of the virtues and be silent as to the vices1 #ccg-l4 ,masons should do what is possible and practicable and enforce justice1 #hch-l4 ,masons still go to ,law1 unnecessarily1 with ,masons1 #ahe-l4 ,masons taught square of wisdom1 level of humility1 plumb of justice1 #fda-l4 ,masons taught to--1 #bba-u4 ,masons venerate in the triangle1 the mystery of the ,sacred ,triad1 #fca-m4 ,masons who comprehend it are ministers of the universal religion1 #bai-m4 ,mason's ,word1 the true knowledge of ,god1 #bji-u4 ,masoretic points invented after beginning of our era1 #bje-m4 ,mass of the ,catechumens and that of the ,faithful parts of ,christian ,mysteries1 #eda-l4 ,mass3 the celebration of the ,mysteries of ,mithras1 #eda-l4 ,master a symbol of the ,redeemer when bringing candidate to light1 #fci-m4 ,master1 ,masonry reveres the character of the ,great1 #gah-gba4 ,master ,mason studies the animal kingdom1 symbolized by ,maeh1 #fcb-u4 ,master of ,life1 to the ancients1 was the ,supreme ,deity1 #ac-u4 ,master of ,light and ,life1 ,sun and ,moon1 symbols of1 #ac-m4 ,master of the ,lodge and ,wardens1 duty of1 #ac-m4 ,master of the ,lodge substituted for ,mercury as one of the ,lights1 #daa-u4 ,master of the ,royal ,secret1 ,sublime ,prince of the ,royal ,secret1 #cb;d ,degree1 #hci4 ,master of the ,symbolic ,lodge1 #bjth ,degree1 duty of a1 #cbe-ccc4 ,master1 place of ,light where the name of ,deity hangs over the1 #bhg-l4 ,master1 ,third ,degree1 #fb-u4 ,master works with ,chalk1 ,charcoal and a vessel of ,clay1 #edh-m4 ,master's ,compass has both the points above2 symbolizing the rule of the spiritual1 #hed-l4 ,materia ,prima of ,valentinus contains an ,hermetic symbol1 #hej-m4 ,maternal agency1 the subjective world1 generally a phantasm1 #fgc-m4 ,material and ,spiritual natures in equilibrium2 ,light and ,darkness1 #gfd-l4 ,material existence evolved from the ,pythagorean ,monad1 #fge-l4 ,material1 result of seeking the mere1 #ab-m4 ,material the element of communion between man and ,god1 #gad-u4 ,materialism and ,pantheism avoided by an independent mind1 #fgg-m4 ,matter and mind dual from the idea of an independent mind1 #fgg-l4 ,matter and ,spirit originally were in ,deity1 #gjj-m4 ,matter3 categorical questions concerning1 #fdh4 ,matter created by ,god by a thought2 after matter1 worlds and man1 #fji-m4 ,matter dead to the world revivified by vegetation of the ,tree of ,life1 #ghf-l4 ,matter deemed the female amongst the ancients1 #gjj-m4 ,matter existed eternal like the ,spiritual ,principle1 #efc-u4 ,matter is not eternal2 ,god the only original ,existence1 #gja-l4 ,matter makes no encroachment on the ,divine ,life1 #eef-u ,matter not coexistent with ,deity1 #gjj-m ,matter3 one of the two eternal principles is ,darkness and ,primitive1 #efg-l4 ,matter opposed to the beneficent force which gives it organization1 #ffd-u4 ,matter possesses virtues1 qualities and powers1 #dad-l4 ,matter represented by nine1 or three times three2 symbolism of nine to four1 #fcc-m4 ,matter1 the ,mother1 the receptacle and place of generation1 one of a ,triad1 #edh-l4 ,matter the origin of ,satan and his demons1 #efg-l4 ,matter1 the passive principle1 reproductive power1 one of the ,egyptian ,triads1 #edh-l4 ,matter1 the principle of all the passions1 etc1 #ebj-m4 ,matter1 when operated on by the ,word1 became the ,universe1 #fjg-l4 ,maximin1 horrors of despotism under1 #bg-u4 ,maxims of ancient philosophers and religions1 #afg-agj4 ,maximus ,taurinus defines the tessera as a sign and symbol1 #edh-u4 ,maya1 ,mother of ,all1 sprung from ,brahm1 the ,source of ,all1 #hdi-l4 ,meaning and pronunciation of ,ineffable ,name lost to all but a few1 #gjj-l4 ,meaning of the ,active and ,passive powers of male and female principles1 #gja-l4 ,meaning of the ,true ,word of a ,mason involves its proper pronunciation1 #fig-m4 ,media which manifest the ,first ,cause are the ,sephiroth1 #gfa-u4 ,mediaeval occult associations brought into disrepute by the symbol of ,baphomet1 #ggi-l4 ,mediator1 a name given by the ,persians to the ,sun1 ,archimagus1 #fab-m4 ,medical science has made great strides1 but plague and pestilence destroy yet1 #haa44 ,melampus introduced the veneration of the generative organs from ,egypt1 #fef-m4 ,meliton1 ,bishop of ,sardis1 says that the mind is ,god's likeness1 #heg-l4 ,men are ever on the side of justice and humanity1 #hcd-l4 ,men are the instruments of ,god's principles1 #hch-m4 ,men1 as a mass1 are looking for what is just1 #hcd-u4 ,men converted from the worship of ,ahriman by prophets1 #fac-u4 ,men1 different effects of the business of the world on1 #aid-l4 ,men do not perceive the worth of their minds1 #bjj-m4 ,men1 good in general1 but bad in particular1 #aea-l4 ,men1 good1 prone to pass by fallen brother with lofty step1 #acc-u4 ,men1 greatest1 not acceptable to the mass of mankind1 #cg-m4 ,men in every country of the old heroic strain and stamp1 #hje-l4 ,men1 in literature1 look for practical justice1 #hcd-l4 ,men often gloat and exult over the faults of neighbors1 #acc-m4 ,men1 ,temples not built with hands the meeting place of primitive1 #bgg-u4 ,men tend to become distinguished for other than heroic1 knightly deeds1 #hje-m4 ,men1 the automata of ,providence1 used to effect that they do not dream of1 #had-m4 ,men1 the great works of man due to individual1 #bch-u4 ,men's difference in faculty of communication1 #bjj-m4 ,men's respect for themselves1 measure of1 #bjj-m4 ,menander speaks of ,god1 ,chance1 ,intelligence1 as undistinguishable1 #fid-m4 ,mendes3 the universal agent represented by hermaphroditic goat of1 #gcd-u4 ,menou1 the ,hindu lawgiver1 adored the divine light and1 #fji-m4 ,mental principle instead of a physical one deified by man1 #feb-u4 ,mercury fecundated by ,sulphur becoming the ,master and regenerator of ,salt1 explained1 #ggh-u4 ,mercury gives the ,soul the faculty of expressing and enunciating1 #dci-m4 ,mercury in philosophy represents personal aptitude and labor1 #gij-u4 ,mercury1 one of the great symbols of the ,alchemists1 #eg-u4 ,mercury1 personified as ,hermanubis in ,egypt1 given a dog's head1 #ggi-l4 ,mercury represents ,prudence1 #gbg-l4 ,mercury1 ,salt1 ,sulphur1 but accessories of the ,great ,work1 #ggg-m4 ,mercury the constant companion and counsellor of ,isis or ,virgo1 #ejg-m4 ,mercury1 the name of the fourth gate of the ladder2 material iron1 #dad-m4 ,mercury1 with the ,hermetics1 corresponds with the ,air and ,water1 #ggc-l4 ,mercy conjoined with ,judgment and the ,divine ,mercies sustain the ,universe1 #hjj-u4 ,mercy or ,compassion mediating between ,benignity and ,judicial ,rigor1 #gii-u4 ,merit and demerit law absolute1 #gjf-u4 ,merit is the natural right which we have to be rewarded1 #gbc-l4 ,meru1 pyramids and artificial hills were imitations of the mountain1 #bcd-u4 ,mesmer's partial guess at the great force known to the ancients1 #gcd-u4 ,metals were deemed to be seven in number and assigned to a planet1 #gbh-l4 ,metals which contain the principles of the great work are six1 #ghh-u4 ,metaphysical ideas of the ,mysteries represented by symbols1 #che-u4 ,metaphysical name of ,deity not understood by common people1 #gjj-l4 ,metatron1 the ,cherub1 one of the ,chiefs of the ,kabalistic ,angels1 #ghd-l4 ,meung1 ,jean de1 completed ,lorris' ,roman de ,rose1 #hbc-u4 ,mexican legends probably carried by the ,phoenician voyagers1 #eid-l4 ,michael and his ,angels fought against the ,dragon1 #eja-u4 ,michael1 the face of the ,lion1 on the ,south and right hand with ,yod and ,water1 #gih-m4 ,microcosm1 a little world1 a ,pythagorean name for man1 #ffg-l4 ,microprosopos afterwards raised to the ,aziluthic sphere1 #gic-m4 ,microprosopos and ,malakoth1 ,regnum1 are jointly called man1 #gid-l4 ,microprosopos composed of the six ,numerations1 #gic-m4 ,microprosopos configured in the form of the ,most ,holy1 #gid-u4 ,microprosopos first occupied the place afterwards filled by the world1 ,briah1 #gic-m4 ,microprosopos formed like ,macroprosopos1 but without ,kether1 the will1 #gic-l4 ,microprosopos given three brains by ,light from above when the letter ,he was born1 #gid-l4 ,microprosopos has for wife ,malakoth1 who is behind him2 explanation1 #gii-l4 ,microprosopos invested with a portion of the ,divine ,intellectual ,power1 #gic-l4 ,microprosopos is called ,alohim1 #gie-u4 ,microprosopos is second garment with respect to the ,elder ,most ,holy1 #gie-u4 ,microprosopos issued forth back to back and yet cohering1 #gie-l4 ,microprosopos issued from the ,father and was intermingled with the ,mother1 #gid-l4 ,microprosopos1 like the letter ,vau in the letter ,he2 without a head1 #gid-l4 ,microprosopos1 or ,seir ,aupin1 produced by conjunction of ,vau and ,he1 #gic-u4 ,microprosopos represented under the form of man1 #gic-m4 ,microprosopos1 the second ,universal1 speaks in the first person1 ,ani1 ,i1 #gic-l4 ,microprosopos was the beginning1 the numerations proceeding to act1 #gie-u4 ,middle ground between ,atheism and ,pantheism1 #fgb-u4 ,midgard ,serpent sunk beneath the sea by ,odin1 #dii-u4 ,military power1 independent of the ,rule1 an armed tyranny1 #c-l4 ,milky ,way or ,galaxy crosses the ,zodiac at tropics of ,cancer and ,capricorn1 #dcg-l4 ,milky ,way1 the pathway of souls1 passes near the ,equinoxes1 #dac-l4 ,milton expresses the ,hebraic doctrine concerning ,light and ,god1 #gci-l4 ,mimansa interprets the meaning of the ,manthras1 #fgb-l4 ,mimansa proclaims ,nothing was but ,mind1 #fgb-l4 ,mind3 all things directed1 known1 seen by the ,supreme ,external1 #fgg-u4 ,mind and matter dual from the idea of an independent mind1 #fgg-l4 ,mind early conceived the ,unity of ,nature and a pervading ,spiritual ,essence1 #fhg-m4 ,mind happy in proportion to its fidelity and wisdom1 #aie-u4 ,mind has supreme empire over all things1 #fgg-u4 ,mind1 in metaphysics1 can not advance beyond self-deification1 #fgh-u4 ,mind is all which man permanently is1 #bjj-u4 ,mind is ,god's likeness1 according to ,meliton1 #heg-l4 ,mind may believe and know that which is unexplainable1 #efi-u4 ,mind picture of ,god1 if false1 as much an idol as a wooden one1 #fic-m4 ,mind the ,macrocosmos1 the ,universal ,organism1 ,pooroosha1 #fgc-u4 ,mind the material as well as the efficient cause1 #fgc-u4 ,mind the self conscious power of thought extended to the ,universe1 #fgg-u4 ,mind the ,universal ,element2 ,one ,god2 ,great ,soul2 ,mahaatma1 #fgc-u4 ,mind the web and the weaver of the world1 #fgc-u4 ,mind1 ,virtue1 ,heaven1 ,immortality1 exist in the thought of a1 #bja-l4 ,mind's misery principally its own fault1 #aie-u4 ,mind's universal medicine is mathematical and practical ,truth1 #ggc-m4 ,mineral ,kingdom symbolized by ,tub1 studied by the ,apprentice1 #fcb-u4 ,minerva1 a woman in armor1 born of the brain of ,jove1 #hdi-l4 ,minerva ,munde1 attributed to ,hermes' ,trismegistus1 #gij-m4 ,minerva of the ,greeks was the ,isis of ,egypt1 #chj-m4 ,minucius ,felix1 a lawyer of ,rome1 defends the secrecy of ,christianity1 #edg-m4 ,miracles are the natural effects of exceptional causes1 #gce-l4 ,miracles effected by the absolute in reason and will1 #gcf-m4 ,miracles in the phenomena of the ,universe1 #ebf-ebg4 ,miracles of ,moses performed in virtue of the name engraved on his rod1 #fba-m4 ,miracles wrongly regarded as effects without causes1 #gce-l4 ,misery1 principle of1 not an evil one1 #aha-u4 ,mithraic cave displayed the ,zodiacal and other constellations and--1 #dac-l4 ,mithraic feast day the #beth of ,december1 #ehg-m4 ,mithraic initiations practiced in caves2 a ladder erected1 #bcc-l4 ,mithraic initiations required the death of a human victim1 #dbd-u4 ,mithraic ,initiations used a seven-step ladder1 #hea-l4 ,mithraic ladder1 ,faber's opinion of the1 #bcd-l4 ,mithraic ,mysteries1 #aj-m4 ,mithraic ,mysteries belonged to ,persia2 description1 #dbd-u4 ,mithraic ,mysteries connected with the ,heavenly ,bodies1 #ejg-l4 ,mithraic ,mysteries flourished in the ,roman ,empire1 #dbd-u4 ,mithraic ,mysteries1 gates marked at points of the ,zodiac1 #aj-l4 ,mithraic ,mysteries1 ladder in the ceremony of initiation1 #aa-u4 ,mithras a symbol of the ,sun1 the ,archimagus1 #fab-m4 ,mithras1 a ,tau cross inscribed on the forehead of the initiate of1 #eje-u4 ,mithras adored under different names by different peoples1 #ehg-l4 ,mithras bearing a sword1 seated on a ,bull presides over the ,equinoxes1 #dac-l4 ,mithras by reason of his death and sufferings secured salvation1 #djf-l4 ,mithras3 celebration and ceremonies of the ,mysteries of1 #eda-l4 ,mithras created and at the end will bring all before ,god as a sacrifice1 #fac-l4 ,mithras dispels darkness and conquers death1 #fac-u4 ,mithras1 ,mystic ,egg appears in the ,mysteries of1 #djc-u4 ,mithras not only light1 but intelligence1 #fac-u4 ,mithras1 on #beth ,december was celebrated the birth of1 #djf-l4 ,mithras1 symbol of the ,sun1 #gg-m4 ,mithras1 the eye of ,ormuzd1 strikes down the dragon foe1 #fab-l4 ,mithras1 the rock-born hero1 heralded the ,sun's return in ,spring1 #eib-m4 ,mithras1 the ,sun ,god1 eclipsed ,ormuzd himself1 #beg-m4 ,mithras1 the ,sun ,god of the ,persians1 born in a cave at ,winter1 #ehg-m4 ,mithras1 the ,sun of ,spring and ,god of ,generation1 seated on the ,bull1 #dgh-l4 ,mitra and ,uschas are ,medic as well as ,zend ,deities1 #fjb-u4 ,mitra1 the ,friend1 a ,vedic ,sun ,god1 #fjb-l4 ,mohammed1 doctrines of1 the best the ,arabs were fitted to receive1 #ch-u4 ,mohammedans believe in a secret name of ,deity1 #fba-l4 ,molai1 de1 said to have created four ,metropolitan ,lodges1 #hbj-l4 ,molai1 de1 said to have organized an occult1 ,hermetic1 ,scottish ,masonry1 #hbj-l4 ,molai1 ,jacques de1 the last ,grand ,master of the ,templars1 burned1 #hbj-l4 ,moral rules to be beneficial must be practical1 #hcj-m4 ,moloch or ,malek1 as applied to ,deity1 represents--1 #bjh-m4 ,moloch1 significance of passing children1 through the fires of1 #bje-l4 ,monad or unit1 a figure of the cube1 #e-l4 ,monad of ,pythagoras the source of material existence1 #fge-l4 ,monad was male and represented the creative energy1 #fca-u4 ,monastery1 fraternity and equality1 but no liberty in a1 #bc-m4 ,monotheism declaims2 against the making of gods in human form1 #fgh-m4 ,monotheism with ,pantheistic tendencies the spirit of the ,indian ,vedas1 #fgb-l4 ,monuments built to the world's patriots1 #hcf-m4 ,moon a mass of softer light than the ,sun1 #ddd-u4 ,moon1 ancients observed the regularity of the1 #ddd-u4 ,moon and ,sun emblems of the two ,divine sexes1 #cje-l4 ,moon and ,sun impress a fecundating force1 #dfi-m4 ,moon appeared in ,heavens principally visible at night1 #ddc-u4 ,moon becomes ,isis1 the wife of ,osiris1 #ddg-l4 ,moon believed to have fertilized the ,nile by reason of her communication with the ,sun1 #dgg-l4 ,moon communicates the force of generation and growth1 #dci-m4 ,moon considered to have great influence on vegetation and animals1 #dfi-u4 ,moon1 ,egyptians assigned the demiourgic or creative force to the1 #dfi-u4 ,moon gave activity to universal vegetation1 #dgf-m4 ,moon originally masculine and the ,sun feminine1 #gjj-u4 ,moon1 once in #ah years and a fraction the new ,sun coincides with the first ,new1 #dec-m4 ,moon represents ,hope1 #gbg-l4 ,moon1 symbolism of the1 #ac-u4 ,moon1 the cone of shadow which produces night ends above the1 #dfh-l4 ,moon the name of the sixth gate of the ladder2 material1 silver1 #dad-m4 ,moon the passive cause relatively with ,osiris2 the active with earth1 #dgg-m4 ,moon1 the passive portion of nature1 offered by the female1 #fef-u4 ,moon united with ,osiris in the spring and received the principle of generation1 #dfi-u4 ,moon when ,sun and ,moon opened the year in ,taurus1 the ,festival of the ,new1 #dea-u4 ,moon with its silvery lustre follows the ,sun1 #ghg-u4 ,moral1 all the relations of life are1 #bdc-l4 ,moral and ,inexorable1 combined1 personified separately in ,zeus1 #fhi-u4 ,moral bonds1 result to society of severing1 #aif-l4 ,moral choice would not exist unless its preferences were determined1 #fie-m4 ,moral convictions of the mind could not deceive if rightly interpreted1 #fic-u4 ,moral existence included in the words2 ,duty and ,hope1 #gag-m4 ,moral law3 categorical questions concerning the1 #fdi-m4 ,moral law has ,god for its first principle1 #gbe-l4 ,moral law is the obligatory good1 #gbe-u4 ,moral law is universal and necessary1 #gjb-m4 ,moral law of necessity has as an author a being composed of justice and charity1 #gjb-m4 ,moral law springs from ,god's ,wisdom and ,essential ,justice1 #gja-l4 ,moral laws are the decisions of ,absolute ,wisdom and ,reason1 #gcg-m4 ,moral laws are the decisions of ,wisdom and the ,revelations of the ,divine1 #gcg-m4 ,moral laws are the enactments of the ,divine ,will1 #gcg-m4 ,moral maladies of man and society1 treatment of1 #bah-l4 ,moral principles center in a single principle1 which is the ,good1 #gjb-m4 ,moral sense given as for wise and beneficent purposes1 #hcb-l4 ,moral truth supposes a ,being that conceives and constitutes it1 #gjb-u4 ,moral truths necessary to be practiced1 the sixth ,truth of ,masonry1 #ece-m4 ,moral truths are absolute2 the fourth ,truth of ,masonry1 #ecd-u4 ,moral truths as certain as mathematical truths1 #gba-l4 ,moral truths1 as soon as perceived1 appear to us the rule of our conduct1 #gbb-u4 ,moral ,universe not understandable1 #hch-u4 ,moral will1 new faculty in the development of a child1 #aib-l4 ,morality a ,force2 the magnetic attraction of the heart pointing towards ,truth and ,virtue1 #hi-m4 ,morality1 absolute or divine1 comprehended by faith rather than speculation1 #fie-l4 ,morality as a basis of all religions1 #caa-l4 ,morality influenced by ,sentiment which warms and incites to action1 #gbe-m4 ,morality is the recognition of duty1 as duty1 #gag-m4 ,morality of all peoples appear in modern ,degrees1 #fbe-m4 ,morality of ,masonry similar to that of every pure creed of antiquity1 #eda-m4 ,morality1 the ,apprentice's grip1 fails to raise the candidate1 #fdj-l4 ,morality touches religion1 #gbe-l4 ,mordecai ,prime ,minister at ,babylon1 #bef-u4 ,morning ,star1 name and emblematic meaning of1 #bjb-m4 ,moses an initiate in the mysteries of ,egypt1 #bec-m4 ,moses assisted in shaping the destinies of the ,world1 #cac-u4 ,moses carried ,orthodoxy out of ,egypt1 #hdc-m4 ,moses closely imitated ,egyptian ,institutions among the ,hebrews1 #cfi-m4 ,moses1 effects of the ,egyptian education on1 #bec-l4 ,moses heard ,god revealed as ,i ,am that which ,is1 ,was1 ,shall ,be1 #hdh-l4 ,moses initiated in the ,egyptian ,mysteries1 #cfh-l4 ,moses obtained true ideas of ,deity in the ,mysteries1 #bjh-m4 ,moses purified and re-veiled the dogmas of ,magism1 #hci-l4 ,moses received the name of ,deity from ,god1 ,ihuh1 #fig-l4 ,moses received the ,name of ,god in the wilderness2 lost through wickedness #fba-m4 ,moses received the ,law while ,aaron made false gods1 #bjf-m4 ,moses recognized the ,active and ,passive1 the ,active residing in the ,mind #feg-l4 ,moses sought for the ,cause of ,all outside that ,all1 #ffg-m4 ,moses the adopted son of the daughter of ,sesostris-,rameses1 #bec-m4 ,moses1 the first dogma of1 #ddc-l4 ,mother1 ,binah1 denoting perfect ,rigor1 averted her face from ,hakemah1 #gfc-u4 ,mother is rigor and severity1 impregnated by the ,father1 produces the brain of ,microprosopos1 #gif-u4 ,mother1 ,matter1 passive principle1 conceptive power1 #hg-m4 ,mother-night1 name given by ,goths to ,festival of the ,winter ,solstice1 #cfh-u4 ,mother3 the first emanation of the ,eternal ,being was a ,universal1 #fjb-l ,motives the special jurisdiction of morality1 #bdd-u4 ,motto of ,masonry is--1 #bbj-l4 ,mountain of ,meru with three peaks a symbol of the ,trimurti1 #bcd-m4 ,mountain tops chosen as places for sacrifices1 #fag-l4 ,mourning for ,osiris extends over forty days1 #dhf-u4 ,movement and ,harmony the life of the ,universe and ,soul alike1 #hei-l4 ,movement in absolute repose would be a cessation of life1 #hdg-l4 ,movement is the equilibrium of ,inertia and ,activity1 #hde-u4 ,multiplying number is eleven because of the possession of two units1 #fbi-u4 ,murderers of ,khir-,om symbolizes ,pilate1 ,caiaphas1 ,judas1 #fda-l4 ,music of the spheres the image of the harmony of creation1 #bej-u4 ,music of the ,spheres1 understanding of meaning aided by ,tetractys1 #hh-m4 ,musical notes of the octave correspond to the seven ,sephiroth1 #gbg-m4 ,mysteries a ,sacred ,drama1 subjects of1 #fd-m4 ,mysteries a series of symbols1 #cga-l4 ,mysteries1 aids of gloom1 secrecy1 mystery taken advantage of in the1 #chc-m4 ,mysteries1 all persons were initiated into the lesser1 #cei-m4 ,mysteries1 ,aristotle1 ,socrates and others accused of violations of laws of the1 #chd-l4 ,mysteries at first moral and political1 but became more religious1 #fbd-l4 ,mysteries1 beneficent modification in religion due to the1 #cgc-u4 ,mysteries carried to every country2 non-interference with local beliefs1 #fbd-m4 ,mysteries celebrated at ,autumnal ,equinox1 why1 #djd-l4 ,mysteries celebrated at the ,temple of ,osiris at ,philae1 on the ,nile1 #cfj-u4 ,mysteries celebrated in the ,spring1 ,vernal ,equinox1 #dai-m4 ,mysteries change from religious to moral and political1 #ced-m4 ,mysteries changed by the religious systems of the several countries1 #fbe-u4 ,mysteries civilized savage hordes2 was greatest of benefits1 #chj-l4 ,mysteries closed against ,nero and ,constantine for grave crimes1 #cig-m4 ,mysteries connected with astronomy and physics1 #dad-l4 ,mysteries contained lessons calculated to elevate and improve4 #cee-l4 ,mysteries continued pure for ages1 but ultimately became degraded1 #ceh-l4 ,mysteries1 decline of the ,roman ,empire attributed to a neglect of the1 #cfj-m4 ,mysteries degenerated owing to the arrogance of the ,priests1 #cfj-m4 ,mysteries develop the origin of the ,soul1 condition1 destination1 fate1 #dah-u4 ,mysteries1 development and growth of the1 #ced-m4 ,mysteries1 ,dionusos one with ,hermes and heroes of other1 #ceg-u4 ,mysteries1 distinction between ,greater and ,lesser1 #dcb-u4 ,mysteries1 doctrine of ,one ,god1 theory of death and eternity1 etc41 taught in the1 #cei-m4 ,mysteries1 doctrines and representations of the1 #cgd-m4 ,mysteries1 doctrines of immortality and retribution taught in the1 #cib-u4 ,mysteries1 ,egyptian1 depicted ,osiris1 ,good1 and ,typhon1 ,evil1 in conflict1 #cge-m4 ,mysteries1 esoteric were the teachings of the ,greater1 #bjg-l4 ,mysteries explain the descent of ,intelligence into matter and return1 #dae-m4 ,mysteries forbidden to bastards1 slaves1 materialists and--1 #cij-m4 ,mysteries1 from the ,egyptians the ,hebrews received their knowledge of the1 #cge-u4 ,mysteries gave ,egyptian priests much of their influence1 #cgd-m4 ,mysteries' great object was a grand and truly politic one1 #chb-m4 ,mysteries1 ,grecian1 originated by ,orpheus1 brought from ,egypt1 #djj-m4 ,mysteries have same general features and show ,egyptian origin1 #dah4 ,mysteries1 ,heroditus gives reasons for reticence concerning the1 #chj-m4 ,mysteries in many cases derived from the ,egyptians1 #ceb-u4 ,mysteries in symbolic forms exhibited the ,one1 #ceg-m4 ,mysteries in the lapse of time degenerated and the symbols were misunderstood1 #chb-l4 ,mysteries inculcated a great moral truth veiled with fable1 #cie-l4 ,mysteries1 instructions in morals and as to future life given in the1 #chb-u4 ,mysteries kept man from lapsing into barbarism1 #cgc-u4 ,mysteries1 knowledge of hieroglyphics and other information only obtained in the ,greater1 #cei-m4 ,mysteries1 like ,socrates1 seek to awaken the ideas already in the mind1 #cef-m4 ,mysteries1 like the ,symbols of ,masonry1 are eloquent analogies of ,nature1 #cef-l4 ,mysteries1 life to the ,greeks would be insupportable if deprived of the1 #cgc-m4 ,mysteries1 male and female were the prominent ,deities in the1 #cgg-u4 ,mysteries meant to strengthen religion and console men in their sorrows1 #cgh-u4 ,mysteries1 mode of death varied with the nationality of the different1 #cge-u4 ,mysteries modified after leaving ,egypt by the habits of the different nations1 #fbd-l4 ,mysteries modified by habits of the different nations1 #bc-u4 ,mysteries1 morals1 sciences1 traditions1 taught in the1 #cgc-u4 ,mysteries1 names of the prominent ,deities in the different1 #cgg-m4 ,mysteries1 nature-gods were the ,powers revered in the1 #ced-l4 ,mysteries1 ,nero1 after murdering his mother1 dared not be present at1 #cec-m4 ,mysteries1 no arrests1 no suits brought1 no rival displays during the1 #dcd-m4 ,mysteries1 object of1 #chb-l4 ,mysteries1 objects of1 were to lead men to piety and--1 #cha-l4 ,mysteries of ,apollo celebrated at ,delos1 provided with a lake1 #dje-m4 ,mysteries of ,bakchos described1 #dbj-dba4 ,mysteries of ,bakchos of ,oriental origin2 worshipped in ,india1 #dai-l4 ,mysteries of ,ceres and ,proserpine celebrated at ,autumn1 #dia-m4 ,mysteries of ,dionusos proscribed impurity1 #cha-u4 ,mysteries of ,dionusos taught the ,doctrine of ,divine ,unity1 and--1 #ehe-m4 ,mysteries of ,eleusis1 description1 officers1 symbolism1 #daa-dab4 ,mysteries of ,eleusis established at ,athens in #adbc ,b4,c41 #dah-u4 ,mysteries of ,eleusis exhibited the generative organs as symbols1 #fef-m4 ,mysteries of ,eleusis1 spread of and opinions concerning the1 #ceb-m4 ,mysteries of ,eleusis swallowed most of the others1 #ceb-m4 ,mysteries of ,god and the ,universe are hidden in the ,ternary1 #gia-l4 ,mysteries of ,greece established by ,pythagoras with three degrees1 #cff-u4 ,mysteries of ,greece taught that matter existed from all eternity1 and--1 #djj-l4 ,mysteries of ,isis1 processions1 description1 symbolism1 #dab4 ,mysteries of ,isis1 similarity to the death of ,khur-om1 #dje-m4 ,mysteries of ,india were divided into four degrees1 #cfa-m4 ,mysteries of ,ism ,abla instruct in the secret name of ,deity1 #fba-l4 ,mysteries of ,magism have a religious1 philosophical and natural signification1 #ggc-u4 ,mysteries of ,mithra1 a cave represented the arrangement of the ,world1 #dac-m4 ,mysteries of ,mithras1 a corpse restored to life a part of the ceremony of the1 #djf-l4 ,mysteries of ,mithras celebrated in ,greece under the name of ,bakchos1 #djf-l4 ,mysteries of ,osiris sought by the most eminent men1 #cfc-u4 ,mysteries of ,samothrace adored heaven and earth as male and female1 #fei-u4 ,mysteries of the ,ancients concealed the occult science of the ,ancient ,magi1 #hci-m4 ,mysteries of the ,christian ,gnostics2 their secret doctrine1 #edb-l4 ,mysteries of the ,christians1 #eda-edg4 ,mysteries of the ,divine nature are beyond finite comprehension1 #cjf-u4 ,mysteries of the ,druids conform to those of other nations1 #cfg-u4 ,mysteries of the early ,christians divided into two ,masses1 #eda-l4 ,mysteries of the ,goths carried ,north from the ,east by ,odin1 #cfg-l4 ,mysteries of the ,indians celebrated in caves and grottos1 #cfa-u4 ,mysteries of the ,kabala open to those who seek1 #ggb-m4 ,mysteries of the ,universe are all around us and common1 #ebf-u4 ,mysteries1 opinions of ,cicero and ,aristophanes in respect to the1 #cec-m4 ,mysteries1 opinions of ,pausanias and ,aristotle concerning the1 #cgi-m4 ,mysteries1 opinions of ,plato and ,epictetus as to the objects of the1 #cec-u4 ,mysteries1 origin unknown2 suppositions concerning1 #cec-l4 ,mysteries originally the beginning of a new life of reason and virtue1 #cei-m4 ,mysteries1 penalties for violations of the laws and usages of the1 #cgd-l4 ,mysteries1 pain and sorrow as consequences of sin shadowed forth in1 #cig-u4 ,mysteries1 ,phallus and ,cteis as emblems of generation appear in the1 #dja-l4 ,mysteries1 ,plato into philosophy translated the language of the symbols of the1 #cih-m4 ,mysteries possessed a language known only to the initiates1 #cgc-l4 ,mysteries practiced in all ancient nations2 many claim invention1 #cec-l4 ,mysteries practiced in ,athens until the #hth century2 in ,wales to the #abth century1 #cfj-l4 ,mysteries1 prescription of those not initiated into the1 #cei-m4 ,mysteries preserved their purity up to the time of ,cicero1 #cgd-l4 ,mysteries1 privileges and advantages of ,initiates into the1 #ceb-l4 ,mysteries probably originated in ,india teaching primitive ,truths1 #cfj-l4 ,mysteries1 purposes of the ceremonies of the1 #chc-m4 ,mysteries represented by symbols the invisible forces of the ,universe1 #dad-l4 ,mysteries required purity and elevation of soul in its ,initiates1 #cec-u4 ,mysteries revealed by ,dante in the ,divine ,comedy1 #hbb-m4 ,mysteries1 statements of ,cicero1 ,socrates1 ,aristides1 regarding the1 #cgi-l4 ,mysteries taught a division of the ,universal ,cause into an ,active and a ,passive1 #dja-m4 ,mysteries taught candidates in ,druidical initiations1 #dbi-l4 ,mysteries taught concerning the ,universe and--1 #ceb-l4 ,mysteries taught doctrine of the nature of the soul and its longings to return1 #dcf-l4 ,mysteries taught how to enfeeble the action of matter on the ,soul1 #ebj-l4 ,mysteries taught initiates in ,indian ceremonies1 #dbh-dbi4 ,mysteries taught the existence of ,one ,great ,being1 #fbd-m4 ,mysteries taught the incarnation1 death1 resurrection1 etc41 of ,logos1 #dae-u4 ,mysteries taught the study of the perfection of the soul1 #ebj-u4 ,mysteries taught true ideas in respect to ,deity1 #bjh-m4 ,mysteries1 teachings and essence of the1 #ced-l4 ,mysteries1 the first magistrate of ,athens superintended the1 #chj-u4 ,mysteries1 the ,greater of ,eleusinia1 ceremonies of initiation into the1 #cid-m4 ,mysteries3 the invisibility1 oneness1 infinity of ,god1 the first ,truth of the1 #ecc-m4 ,mysteries1 the legend of the ,master's degree a form of that of the1 #cge-u4 ,mysteries1 the mythical person uniting the ,divine and ,human found in all1 #cef-l4 ,mysteries3 the ,soul of ,man is immortal1 the second ,truth of the1 #ecc-m4 ,mysteries1 the true spirit and secret doctrines were hidden in ,greater1 #cei-m4 ,mysteries1 those who came short of their duties as men were excluded from the1 #cia-l4 ,mysteries1 to inspire men and console them in their misery the object of the1 #cgi-l4 ,mysteries1 to prove his innocence ,antony sought ,initiation into the1 #cec-m4 ,mysteries treated of ,god1 ,man and ,nature2 ,ancient ,theosophy1 #ceg-u4 ,mysteries1 true knowledge of ,deity taught by the ,greater1 #bjg-l4 ,mysteries used by the ,priests to extend their power1 #cfj-u4 ,mysteries went from ,egypt to ,phoenicia1 thence elsewhere1 #cfc-m4 ,mysteries were a ,sacred ,drama exhibiting--1 #cee-m4 ,mysteries were funereal in character1 celebrating the death1 etc41 of some hero1 #cge-u4 ,mysteries were not closed in the year #cfd1 notwithstanding a law to that effect1 #cfj-u4 ,mysteries were the private worships of ancient nations1 #ceb-u4 ,mysteries1 while slight offenses could be expiated1 grave crimes were mortal sins in the1 #cig-m4 ,mysteries widely disseminated2 names of some1 #ceb-u4 ,mysterii or books of occultation sum up the ,sephiroth1 #geh-u4 ,mysterious number is four2 it contains the mysteries of nature1 #fbh-m4 ,mystery and secrecy used to attract and impress the people1 #chd-u4 ,mystery1 ,demetrius ,phalereus gives definition of the word1 #chc-l4 ,mystery of the ,balance1 the equilibrium of opposites1 #eeb-m4 ,mystery of the ,ineffable ,name and arrangement of its letters1 #gjj-l4 ,mystery of the phenomena of nature are unexplainable to us1 #ebf-ecj4 ,mystery of the world remains1 but sufficiently cleared up to inspire confidence1 #fif-m4 ,mythical beings presiding over nature developed into ,saints1 etc1 #fec-u4 ,mystical religion succeeded mystical philosophy1 but in name only1 #fid-u4 ,mythological references to the number seven1 #gbh-l4 ,mythologies3 ,sohar clears up the obscurities of the ,ancient1 #hdc-l4 ,n ,name1 all ancient nations held the sanctity of the ,sacred1 #bjd-l4 ,name1 ,divine1 or ,creative ,word1 #bjd-l4 ,name1 in exorcising priests the ,jews used the ,sacred1 #bfb-l4 ,name not applied to the ,very ,god in ,his unmanifested ,essence1 #hdi-u4 ,name of ,deity a sign and confession of our ignorance1 #fea-l4 ,name of ,deity communicated by ,god to ,moses1 #fig-m4 ,name of ,deity conceals the ,true ,word of a ,mason1 #fig-m4 ,name of ,deity contained a meaning which was lost1 #fig-m4 ,name of ,deity engraven on the triangular plate on the cube teaches--1 #bji-u4 ,name of ,deity has four letters1 three different ones1 #gfa-u4 ,name of ,deity1 ,tetractys in the ,cabala composed of the letters of the1 #fj-l4 ,name of ,god and ,god alone existed before the world of vacant space1 #gej-u4 ,name of ,god forgotten when--1 #bje-l4 ,name of ,god1 in the ,kabalah1 only expresses the human ideal of his divinity1 #ig-l4 ,name of ,god lost when--1 #bje-l4 ,name of ,god written in ,samaritan characters in ,hebrew books1 #fba-m4 ,name of ,great ,god not to be uttered1 an article of general belief1 #fai-fba-l4 ,name of ,jehovah given credit for the redemption of the souls1 #efa-l4 ,name of the ,kabalists' ,idea of ,god contains all others and all things1 #ih-m4 ,name of ,truth appears in the formula of pneumatical baptism1 #efa-l4 ,name of ,yod1 ,he1 ,vau1 ,he1 applied to ,deity as manifested in the act of ,creation1 #hdi-u4 ,name1 signification and meaning of the ,ineffable1 #ajd-m4 ,name3 study of the ,pentagram led the ,magi to a knowledge of the ,new1 #hdb-u4 ,name1 the summary of all things is the ,holy1 #gic-u4 ,name1 two ,hebrew words appended to the ,ineffable1 #ajd-m4 ,names have a natural potency and sanctity according to origin1 #fbj-m4 ,names of ,deity met with in all ,degrees1 #acg-u4 ,names of ,deity on the ,delta are ,syrian1 ,phoenician1 ,hebrew1 #eca-l4 ,names of the ,hebrew and ,greek ,deity express abstract existence1 #fea-l4 ,napoleon reigns because the ablest1 #di-u4 ,napoleons follow period of convulsion1 #cj-l4 ,napoleon's influence on the destinies of ,france1 #cac-m4 ,napoleon's injustice exiled him to a rock1 a warning to bid men be just1 #hce-m4 ,napthali1 the eloquent and agile1 has for device ,virgo in the domicile of ,mercury1 #dfb-u4 ,national ,gods' history describes the ,sun's career through the seasons1 #eia-m4 ,nationalizing of creeds and peoples a tendency of ,masonry1 #fbe-l4 ,nations1 commercialism and territorial aggrandizement of1 #fi4 ,nations1 luxury1 extravagance1 ostentation1 the peril of1 #cdh-m4 ,nations1 sanctity of the ,name held by the ancient1 #bjd-l4 ,natural ,forces in action and opposition result in movement and ,harmony1 #hei-l4 ,natural law1 a constant mode of action1 seems to belong to the nature of things1 #hbg-l4 ,natural objects surrounded the initiate in the ,mysteries1 #dad-l4 ,natural phenomena and things appeal to men1 #gad-u4 ,natural phenomena depends on a single immutable law1 #gcb-u4 ,natural religion reveals to us ,god as the ,infinite parent of all1 #gad-m4 ,nature and discord dwelt below the ,moon1 according to ,lucanus1 #fed-m4 ,nature as free from dogmatism as from tyranny1 #cee-u4 ,nature divided between the ,good and ,evil principles1 #ffd-u4 ,nature enslaved to common notions and notions to words1 #fic-l4 ,nature gives evidences of immortality1 found everywhere1 #eag-m4 ,nature ,god's prose2 man his poetry1 #gae-l4 ,nature ,gods represented by ,amun1 worshipped in ,egypt1 #ehd-l4 ,nature ,gods secondary to a higher ,deity1 incomprehensible1 supreme1 #eig-l4 ,nature in its pure and simple forms the foundation of the ,persian religion1 #faj-l4 ,nature is all movement1 and ,thought all repose1 #fhj-l4 ,nature itself is the soul of the world which acts through the spheres1 #ffh-l4 ,nature itself the secret of the ,occult ,sciences1 #hdd-u4 ,nature mastered by applying to matter the light of life1 #ggi-u4 ,nature not a fortuitous concourse of atoms1 #fdf-l4 ,nature not deified in the primitive religion1 #faj-l4 ,nature of ,deity and the beginning of the ,universe are questions ,man has always studied1 #gch-l4 ,nature of man is double1 though he is one1 #hfa-l4 ,nature possessed a soul and intelligence and divinity belonged to this soul1 #fgj-u4 ,nature reveals a mighty wisdom and points to ,god1 #gac-l4 ,nature revives as surely as it declines1 #eib-m4 ,nature1 the mythologies a leaf in the book of1 #baf-u4 ,nature the ,revelation of ,god2 symbolism of1 #fd-m4 ,nature1 visible on earth1 is man's domain1 #gcf-m4 ,nature worship akin to that of a universal ,soul1 but not instinctive1 #eih-u4 ,nature worship combining conceptions of a ,universal ,presence and action1 #fjb-u4 ,nature worship usurped that of ,god1 #fjj-m-#fja-m4 ,nature's ,forces little known2 man controlled and governed by them1 #gcc-l4 ,nature's great book interpreted in the doctrines of ,masonry1 #fbe-m4 ,nature's immutable ,law1 the ,eternal ,will of the ,justice which is ,god1 #hdg-l4 ,nature's magnificences are an algebra of graces and splendors1 #hde-u4 ,nature's problems unanswered2 the problems unsolved1 #fdg-l4 ,nature's regularity suggested by common appearances very early1 #fii-m4 ,nature's single and absolute law1 the equipoise of contrary forces1 #hdh-u4 ,nature's ,soul released at the end for a brighter existence1 #fad-u4 ,naya philosophers declare the individual ,soul and ,god are distinct1 #heb-u4 ,necessity and ,chance giving way to ,law permits the moral ,freedom of ,man1 #fie-m4 ,necessity and ,fatality a consequence of ,stability and ,permanence1 #gfh-u4 ,necessity and ,liberty possible for ,infinite ,power and ,wisdom1 #hdh-m4 ,necessity and ,liberty seemingly antagonistic1 #hdh-m4 ,necessity and ,liberty1 the essence of ,deity1 counterbalanced1 produce equilibrium1 #ggh-l4 ,necessity and ,liberty the two columns of the ,universe1 #hdh-m4 ,necessity can not be unjust1 or the ,great lawgiver would be unjust1 #hca-l4 ,necessity3 ,deity contains the incorruptible and unwearying force of1 #feh-m4 ,necessity environs the laws that govern the ,universe1 #hca-l4 ,necessity in its true meaning is not arbitrary ,power1 #fif-m4 ,necessity in its true meaning is ,strength and ,force in the service of ,intelligence1 #fif-m4 ,necessity is ,law perceived1 but not understood1 #fia-m4 ,necessity neglected in striving for the right is the folly of a dreamer1 #hce-u4 ,necessity of man1 his own necessity1 made often a plea for injustice1 #hcb-u4 ,necessity of the physicists more oppressive than fables of tradition1 #fia-m4 ,necessity1 or the omnipotent ,will of ,god1 which nothing can disobey1 #hah-m4 ,necessity rules in all the affairs of men1 requiring the sacrifice of life1 #hcc-l4 ,necessity1 the ,director of the atoms1 external to themselves1 #fgf-m4 ,negative notion of ,god the only way to apprehend him1 #fea-m4 ,nephesch1 from the world ,asiah1 one letter1 ,he1 of the ,tetragrammaton1 #geg-u4 ,nephesch1 ,psyche1 the lowest spiritual part of man1 ,soul1 #geg-u4 ,nero1 reference to the reign of1 #dg-l4 ,neschamah1 from the world ,briah1 the other letter ,he1 #geg-u4 ,nescamah1 ,leneschamah1 from the world ,atsiluth1 the ,yod of the ,tetragrammaton1 #geg-u4 ,neschamah1 the highest spiritual part1 anima superior1 #geg-u4 ,netsach and ,hod1 the thighs of ,adam ,kadmon1 #geh-u4 ,netsakh1 one of the ,sephiroth2 ,victory1 #gec-m4 ,netsach1 the seventh ,sephiroth1 is perfect ,success1 same as ,hod1 #gfg-u4 ,neuroz1 a ,persian ,feast1 celebrated when the ,sun was in ,aries1 #dfc-l4 ,new ,heaven and ,earth after the burning of the present ,universe1 #fbc4 ,new ,year's ,day fixed on one of four periods2 reason--1 #dfd-dfh4 ,newton1 painstaking methods of1 #agd-m4 ,nifthel1 which is below in the ninth world1 the final place for the wicked1 #fai-m4 ,night the time fixed for the celebration of the ,mysteries1 #chc-l4 ,nile held to be fertilized from the connection of the ,sun and ,moon in ,taurus1 #dgg-l4 ,nile overflows in the sign of ,leo1 #dee-m4 ,nile1 ,sirius deemed to cause the rising of the waters of the1 #dej-m4 ,nile1 ,sirius heralded the inundation of the1 #ae-u4 ,nile1 source1 inundations1 formation of land1 #ddb-m4 ,nile waters experienced its earliest movement at the ,vernal ,equinox when--1 #dgg-l4 ,nile waters measured by the representation of a cross with a circle over it1 #ejc-m4 ,nile's annual inundation the cause of the fertility of ,egypt1 #ehi-u4 ,nine1 consecrated to the ,spheres and the ,muses1 #fcf-m4 ,nine considered by the ancients as a bad presage1 #fcf-l4 ,nine external points of the ,tetractys form the ,masonic triangle1 #hbf-m ,nine found in the three ,fates1 ,centimanes1 ,cyclopes1 #gbh-l4 ,nine3 singular properties of the number1 #fcg-l4 ,nine1 square of three1 represented by the triple triangle1 #fj-l4 ,nine symbolized the earth under the influence of the ,evil principle1 #fcf-l4 ,nine symbolizes the generative egg1 #fcf-l4 ,nine1 the first square of unequal numbers1 the ,ennead1 #fcf-l4 ,nineteenth ,degree1 ,grand ,pontiff1 #cab-u4 ,ninth day of ,greek ,mysteries1 the libation for departed souls1 #dcd-m4 ,ninth ,degree1 ,elu of the ,nine1 purpose and lessons of the1 #adi-u4 ,ninth ,degree is devoted to--1 #aei-u4 ,ninth envelope1 a term given to matter1 #fcf-u4 ,nisan1 at the ,vernal ,equinox1 the beginning of the year1 #dff-m4 ,noachite or ,prussian ,knight1 the #bast ,degree1 lessons of the1 #ccd-u4 ,noble actions1 in ordinary paths of life are occasions for1 #bde-m4 ,noetius termed the ,son of the first ,utterance of the ,father1 light4 from the ,light1 #efd-m4 ,north of a ,lodge devoid of ,lights because--1 #eib-u4 ,north ,pole3 ,merak and ,dubhe always point to the1 #def-m4 ,north ,pole3 the ,great ,bear or ,seven ,stars1 circle around the1 #def-m4 ,north ,star represents the point in the circle2 symbol of duty and faith1 #bjb-m4 ,north the goal and commencement of the ,sun's career1 #eib-u4 ,north the region of gloom and darkness1 #eib-u4 ,northern ,gods more virile than the effeminate ,southern ones1 #eia-u4 ,northern nation had a ,senate of twelve gods1 ,odin the chief1 #dfj-m4 ,nous of ,platonism corresponds to ,the ,word1 #bga-l4 ,nous synonymous with ,logos1 representing a manifestation1 #eee-l4 ,novary1 or triple ternary1 celebrated amongst the ancient sages1 #fcf-u4 ,number sacred in all theologies is ,seven1 #gbg-m4 ,numbers an example of the ,gnostic emanation doctrine1 #bdi-u4 ,numbers an important part of ,pythagorean science1 #cd-l4 ,numbers contained in the ,primitive ,word1 #bdi-u4 ,numbers had significance to the ,druids in a religious sense1 #fah-l4 ,numbers having reference to ,deity especially employed1 #bjh-l4 ,numbers held sacred among the ,etruscans1 ,jews1 ,egyptians1 ,hindus1 #fcb-m4 ,numbers1 many philosophies and religions preserve the doctrine of1 #bce-m4 ,numbers1 ,mysteries connected with the system of1 #bjh-l4 ,numbers of ,stars possessed peculiar and divine powers1 #dhg-u4 ,numbers of the degrees had their origin in the ,stars1 #dhg-u4 ,numbers of the ,pythagoreans1 signification and meaning1 #fbf-fch4 ,numbers regarded as sacred being expressions of--1 #bji-u4 ,numbers represent all grandeur1 all proportions1 the ,absolute1 #fbf-u4 ,numbers symbolic1 #hg-l1 #hh-m1 #fah-m4 ,one1 #e-l1 #hg-l1 #hh-m1 #ghi1 #hfa4 ,two1 #e-l1 #eg-l1 #hg-l1 #hh1 #daj1 #dbi1 #fcb-m1 #ffd-m1 #ghi1 #hfj4 ,three1 #e-l1 #aj-u1 #eg-l1 #hg-l1 #hh1 #ig-l1 #bji1 #bcc-m1 #bcd-m1 #cba-u1 #cbb-m4 #cfa-u1 #cfd-m1 #dji-m1 #daj1 #dbi1 #dca1 #ddh-u1 #dhg-u1 #dhi-m1 #edh-eed1 #fca-u1 #fcb1 #gbh-u1 #gbh-l1 #ghj-m1 #ghb-m1 #ghf1 #ghh1 #ghi1 #gif1 #hfa4 ,four1 #eg-l1 #hg-l1 #hh1 #bji-u1 #cbb-m1 #dji-m1 #daj1 #dfb-m1 #efj-m1 #fcb-m1 #gbh-u1 #gcb-m1 #ghc-m1 #ghf1 #ghh1 #ghi1 #hfa4 ,five1 #e-l1 #hg-l1 #hh1 #dbi1 #dfb-m1 #dhg-u1 #ghb-u1 #ghi1 #gij1 #hfa4 ,six1 #e-l1 #hg-l1 #dji-m1 #dhi-u1 #faa-l1 #ghf-u1 #gif4 ,seven1 #e-l1 #aj-m1 #aa-u1 #eh-l1 #hg-l1 #hh-m1 #bcc-m1 #bcd-m1 #beg-l1 #cba-u1 #cbb1 #cfd-l1 #dji-m1 #daj1 #dbi1 #dca1 #dfj-m1 #dfb-m1 #dgd-u1 #dhg-u1 #dhi-m1 #ejf-l1 #efc1 #fjb-u1 #faa-l1 #ffh-u1 #gbg-i1 #gbh-u1 #geb-l1 #ghj-l1 #gha-m1 #ghb-m1 #gig1 #gih4 ,eight1 #e-l1 #fj-l1 #hg-l1 #ejg-l4 ,nine1 #e-l1 #aj-u1 #fj-l1 #hg-l1 #hh-m1 #bji-u1 #dbi1 #ddh-u1 #dhi-u1 #fca-u1 #gbh-l1 #ghi1 #hfa4 ,ten1 #fj-l1 #hg-l1 #hh-m1 #bcc-m1 #ejf-u1 #efj-m1 #fcb-m1 #geb-l1 #ghf4 ,eleven1 #hg-l4 ,twelve1 #e-l1 #eh-l1 #fj-l1 #bji-m1 #bcc-m1 #bce-l1 #dji-m1 #daj-m1 #ddh-u1 #dei-l1 #dfj-m1 #dfb-u1 #dfb-m1 #dgd-u1 #dhe-u1 #dhi-u1 #ejf-l1 #efj-m1 #eff-u1 #fai-u1 #fcb-m1 #gbh-u1 #ghf4 ,fourteen1 #dhd-l1 #dhe-m4 ,sixteen1 #hfa4 ,twenty-five1 #ghi1 #hfa4 ,twenty-six1 #dhd-l1 #dhe-m4 ,twenty-seven1 #fca-u4 ,thirty1 #beg-u1 #dfb-m1 #efj-m4 ,thirty-six1 #dhf-u4 ,forty1 #dhf-u4 ,three hundred and sixty1 #dfb-m4 ,three hundred and sixty-five1 #ced1 #fac-l4 ,numbers3 the ,pythagoreans held a connection between the gods and1 #fcc-u4 ,numbers1 the ,septenary is the ,crown of1 #cba-l4 ,numbers1 three1 four1 seven1 twelve1 unlock the ,apocalypse1 #gbh-u4 ,numerations from ,khased or ,gedulah to ,yesod included in ,tephareth1 #gii-m4 ,numerations1 or six members of ,microprosopos1 denoted by ,vau1 #gic-l4 ,numerations proceed from potence into act with the first ,adam1 #gie-u4 ,numerations1 six1 are ,geburah2 ,gedulah2 ,tephareth2 ,netsach2 ,hod2 ,yesod1 #gic-m4 ,numerations1 six1 represented by interlaced triangle1 ,seal of ,solomon1 #gii-m4 ,numerations1 ten1 compose the person termed ,arik ,aupin1 #gii-m4 ,nyaya and ,vedanta philosophy regarding ,god and the ,soul1 #fjg-m4 ,nyaya philosophers differ in some matters from the ,vedantic1 #fjg-m4 ,o ,o1 ,i1 ,w expressed the ,druids' name of ,deity1 #fbb-u4 ,o1 ,i4 ,w1 the ,druidic symbol of ,deity1 #fah-u4 ,oath of ,secrecy a requisite to admission to the ,christian ,mysteries1 #edd-u4 ,oath of the original nine ,templars taken between the hands of the ,patriarch1 #hae-l4 ,oaths of ,pythagoreans sworn on the ,tetractys4 #fcc-l4 ,obedience to law1 #aaa-m4 ,obelisk at the tomb of the buried deity as a symbol of resurrection1 #cic-l4 ,obelisks and ,pyramids erected to the ,sun and ,fire4 #dfj-u4 ,object of the ceremonies of the ancient ,mysteries4 #djg-l4 ,object of ,masonry is--1 #bah-m4 ,object of ,masonry is--1 #bbj-l4 ,object1 our inspiring thought should not be ourselves1 but our1 #bbi-l4 ,object symbolized mistaken for the symbol and idolatry followed1 #fjj-u4 ,objection sufficient to exclude man from society of ,masons1 #aba-m4 ,obligation founded on the ,good1 #gbb-m4 ,obligation of morals are absolute1 #gbb-u4 ,obligation taken on a naked sword and sealed by drinking from a skull1 #dcj-l4 ,obligation taken on the sacred books of the religion of the candidate1 #aa-m4 ,obligation the foundation of liberty3 involves free will1 #gbc-u4 ,obligations and vows to be well considered and kept1 #aaa-l4 ,oblong square formed by ,stars1 #dhg-m4 ,occult manifestations coincide with period of the ,fall of the ,templars1 #hbc-u4 ,occult ,mysteries revealed under the form of levity by the ,roman de la ,rose1 #hbc-u4 ,occult number is five1 enclosed in the center of the series1 #fbh-m4 ,occult philosophy controlled nations1 ruled the minds1 knows everything1 #gcj-u4 ,occult philosophy reigned in ,persia with the ,magi1 #gcj-u4 ,occult philosophy synonymous with ,magic1 #gcj4 ,occult philosophy the godmother of religions1 the key of obscurities1 #gbi-l4 ,occult philosophy1 the ,universal ,synthesis1 ought to explain the phenomena of being1 #hba-l4 ,occult science of the ,magi found in the ,mysteries and doctrines of the ,templars and ,masonry1 #hci-m4 ,occult science of the ,magi imperfectly revealed by the ,gnostics1 #hci-m4 ,occult sciences explain the cabalistic clavicles1 ,ezekiel and the ,apocalypse1 #gca-u4 ,occult sciences explained by the ,kabalah1 #fbf-u4 ,occupation the same as manifestation1 #gie-l4 ,occultism embodied in ,sephar ,yezirah1 ,sohar1 ,apocalypse1 #cba-m4 ,ocean a symbol of ,deity or the ,universe for the ,egyptians1 #ffe-m4 ,ocean as a conception of ,god1 called ,binah1 ,understanding1 #geb-m4 ,octateuch1 a book written in the time of the ,emperor ,justin1 #fga-l4 ,od1 according to the ,hebrews1 the grand agent of ,hermetic science1 #ggd-l4 ,odd numbers traced backward ended in ,unity or ,deity1 #fah-l4 ,odin destined to kill the snake when all nature will be destroyed1 #eic-u4 ,odin1 ,frea1 ,thor1 the ,scandinavian ,trinity1 #eeb-u4 ,odin1 maxims from the ,hava ,maal1 the ,sublime ,book of1 #afh-m4 ,odin sunk the ,midgard ,serpent beneath the sea1 encircling the earth1 #dii-u4 ,odin1 the ,almighty ,father1 one of the ,northern ,triune ,deity1 #ac-l4 ,odin1 the ,scandinavian name for the ,sun ,god1 #ehg-u4 ,odin was the ,apollo of the ,scandinavians1 #eic-u4 ,office1 ,mason not over-anxious for1 #ci-u4 ,officers of ,isiac ,mysteries practically the same as the ,eleusinian4 ,official mediocrity1 development of1 #ff-ge4 ,officials of the ,mysteries of ,eleusis1 functions and clothing1 #daa-dab4 ,olen3 one of the earliest symbols of ,grecian religion was the ,hyperborean1 #fhc-u4 ,olive brought by ,hercules from the ,hyperboreans to ,olympia1 #eib-m4 ,om1 in ,india it was forbidden to pronounce the ,sacred ,name1 #bje-u4 ,om1 the ,sacred ,name of the ,one ,deity1 manifested as--1 #bje-u4 ,omega and ,alpha are the last and first letters of the ,greek alphabet1 #gja-u4 ,omith1 or ,amida1 the ,japanese ,god1 without beginning or ending1 #faf-u4 ,omnific letter of the ,kabalah3 ,creation effected by the1 #ad-u4 ,omnipotence is the most absolute liberty1 #gcf-l4 ,omniscience symbolized by the ,blazing ,star and ,all ,seeing ,eye1 #ejf-u4 ,omschim1 a book giving the arrangements of the ,sephiroth1 #geg-m4 ,omschim1 the ,kabalistic book1 meaning ,introduction to the ,kabalah1 #gdj-u4 ,one ,absolute ,being embodying ,truth1 ,beauty1 ,good1 #gjb-l4 ,one ,being only1 a fundamental principle of the ,hindu religion1 #fjd-m4 ,one designated ,harmony1 the ,good ,principle1 #fcj-m4 ,one ,father3 the many gods are ,his ,children1 says ,tyrius1 #fhg-m4 ,one ,first ,cause of the existence of the ,universe1 #fbf-m4 ,one ,god the primitive idea1 #fhg-m4 ,one in ,many1 a mystery of the ,vedanta philosophy1 #fgc-u4 ,one is the ,principle1 ,two is the ,word1 #gga-l4 ,one is three and three are one in each triangle of ,perfection1 #hfa-l4 ,one signifies the living man standing upright1 #fcj-u4 ,one ,supreme ,god whose name it was unlawful to utter a general belief1 #fai-l4 ,one3 though of a double nature1 man is1 #hfa-l4 ,one ,true ,god1 and a moral and virtuous life the only religious requisite1 #afd-u4 ,one1 with the ,chinese1 signified unity1 harmony1 ,god1 #fcj-l4 ,onias1 the ,high ,priest1 erected the sanctuary at ,leontopolis1 #bec-u4 ,ophites1 a ,gnostic sect1 ,spirits of the1 #bga-l4 ,ophites3 development of the system of the1 #eeb-l-#eec4 ,ophites' system predicated an unknown ,supreme ,being1 #eeb-l4 ,opinion1 difficulty in obtaining agreement in matters of mere1 #ch-m4 ,opinions of ancients concerning the earth and heavens1 #ddb4 ,opinion1 public1 rarely right on any point1 #bah-m4 ,opposing principles in nature1 by their contrariety1 produce good and evil1 #ffa-u4 ,orai1 name of one of the seven ,reflections of the ,ophites1 #efc-m4 ,oral tradition transmitted by generations of initiates1 #bei-l4 ,orator in our ,bodies represents ,hermes1 #ehf-l4 ,orators of the ,bodies1 qualifications and duties of1 #ccb-m4 ,orders of ,chivalry displayed lofty virtues and noble heroism1 #egi-m4 ,organs of generation symbols of the generative and productive powers1 #fef-m4 ,origin1 all men are of the same1 #bba-u4 ,origen declares some names have a natural sanctity and potency1 #fbj-m4 ,origen defends the ,christian concealed doctrine1 #edd4 ,origen gives information concerning the ,mysteries of the ,ophites1 #edb-l4 ,origen held that in each ,star was an immortal ,soul1 #fga-m4 ,origen held that the ,gospels were not to be taken literally1 #bff-m4 ,origin of things according to ,anaxagoras1 #die-m4 ,origin of the ,truth taught by ,deity to the first men1 #fhg-l4 ,origination of matter from spirit incapable of expression1 #fgc-m4 ,orion killed by the sting of the ,scorpion1 #ded-m4 ,ormuzd and ,ahriman3 antagonism of ,good and ,evil typified by the contest between1 #eid-l4 ,ormuzd and ,ahriman each created twenty-four ,deities1 #ffb-l4 ,ormuzd and ,ahriman each gave six emanations1 #ffb-l4 ,ormuzd and ,ahriman ever at war2 ,light and ,darkness contest1 #ffb-l4 ,ormuzd and ,ahriman represented by two serpents contending for the mundane egg1 #ejj-u4 ,ormuzd conceived thoughts before creating things1 #beg-m4 ,ormuzd concurred with ,ahriman in the creation of ,man1 #beh-u4 ,ormuzd created ,spirits1 ,genii1 ,izeds1 #beg-u4 ,ormuzd created the ,world pure by the ,word1 #bef-l4 ,ormuzd eclipsed by ,mithras1 #beg-m4 ,ormuzd1 final triumph and reign of1 #beh-m4 ,ormuzd1 ,king of ,light from ,light1 the first emanation1 #bef-l4 ,ormuzd1 nature and attributes of2 the ,word of ,masonry1 #bef-l4 ,ormuzd1 or ,ahura ,mazda1 claims to have created all things1 #fab-u4 ,ormuzd or ,osiris the beneficent principle personified by the ,sun1 #dgi-u4 ,ormuzd placed in ,man a pure principle from the ,supreme ,being1 #beh-u4 ,ormuzd represented the primal light1 #fab-u4 ,ormuzd1 the ,persian ,god of ,good1 of the nature of light1 #ffa-m4 ,ormuzd1 the ,persian ,light ,god1 to conquer ,darkness and--1 #dff-u4 ,ormuzd was ,light adored by the ,persians1 #ddc-l4 ,ornaments of a ,lodge1 #ad-u4 ,orpheus founded the ,grecian ,mysteries bringing them from ,egypt1 #djj-l4 ,orpheus in his hymn taught the ,unity of ,god1 #dae-u4 ,orpheus initiated in the ,egyptian ,theology and ,physics2 carried the fables into ,greece1 #cfe4 ,orpheus3 ,magism was the science of1 #hci-l4 ,orpheus received ,mysteries of ,samothrace while visiting there1 #dbg-u4 ,orpheus studied in ,egypt and borrowed ideas regarding nature1 #fee-l4 ,orpheus3 the first dogma of1 #ddc-l4 ,orphic ,triads1 #edi-m4 ,orthodox ,church accepted the doctrines of the ,egyptians and ,greeks1 #fbe-l4 ,orthodox traditions carried from ,chaldea by ,abraham1 #hdc-l4 ,orthodoxy carried out of ,egypt by ,moses1 #hdc-l4 ,osirian fable of his history the basis of ,egyptian religion1 #ehi-m4 ,osirian legend adopted to symbolize the destruction of the ,templars1 #hbj-l4 ,osirian legend advanced by ,landseer in his ,sabean ,researches1 #dhc-dhg4 ,osiris as ,hades1 ,serapis1 ,rhadamanthus1 the ,monarch of the ,dead1 #ehh-u4 ,osiris and ,isis gave civilization1 law1 arts1 to men1 #dge-l4 ,osiris and ,isis3 ,har-oeri1 ,master of ,light and ,life1 from1 #hfa-u4 ,osiris and ,isis1 inscriptions on the columns at ,nysa1 near the tombs of1 #cgh-u4 ,osiris and ,typhon3 antagonism of ,good and ,evil typified by the contest between1 #eid-l4 ,osiris' body went ashore sixty miles above ,tsur1 at ,byblos1 #hj-u4 ,osiris1 ,christians adopted as a sign the staff of1 #bib-m4 ,osiris claimed by ,india as one of their great gods1 #dge-l4 ,osiris conquers ,typhon at the ,vernal ,equinox1 #ffd-m4 ,osiris cut into fourteen pieces according to ,plutarch1 #dhd-l--#dhe-m4 ,osiris cut into twenty-six pieces1 the number of visible stars in ,bootes1 #dhd-l4 ,osiris1 declaration of ,osiris concerning himself1 #cgh-m4 ,osiris died at the ,autumnal ,equinox and rose in the ,spring1 #dgh-u4 ,osiris3 everything good in nature comes from1 #dgf-m4 ,osiris1 in figurative style is depicted the annual journey of the ,sun in the history of1 #cge-l4 ,osiris is the personification of the ,sun1 #ddg-l4 ,osiris1 killed by ,typhon1 found by ,isis in a coffin and buried at ,philae1 #cge-l4 ,osiris killed by ,typhon when the ,sun was in the ,constellation ,scorpion1 #dgi-m4 ,osiris known as ,bacchus1 ,dionusos1 ,seraphis1 #dgg-m4 ,osiris1 legend concerning the body of1 #hj-m4 ,osiris married his sister1 ,isis1 and labored with her for the public benefit1 #cgg-l4 ,osiris mutilated by ,typhon and parts thrown into the ,river ,nile1 #dab-l4 ,osiris mutilated by ,typhon signified that drouth caused the ,nile to retire1 #dgg-l4 ,osiris3 ,mysteries of ,isis included a statue1 tomb and a representation of the sufferings of1 #dje-l4 ,osiris1 ,mysteries of1 the model of all subsequent ,initiations1 #cgg-m4 ,osiris2 ,night and ,day were two ,gods adored in the ,mysteries of1 #djd-m4 ,osiris put to death by ,typhon1 restored to life1 #dje-m4 ,osiris1 representative of the ,sun1 becomes ,adonai1 ,dionusos1 ,bacchus1 #cfc-m4 ,osiris resurrected when the ,solstitial ,sun brings the inundation1 #ehi-m4 ,osiris said to be the inventor of agriculture1 #ehh-u4 ,osiris3 ,seth1 ,babys1 ,typhon1 powers set up as adversaries of1 #ehh-u4 ,osiris slain by ,typhon sought by ,isis2 story of the search1 #dhj-dhc4 ,osiris supposed to be dead or absent fifty days each year1 #dea-l4 ,osiris1 symbol of the ,sun1 #gg-m4 ,osiris3 the conception of a ,being purely good developed in1 #ehh-u4 ,osiris1 the ,egyptian name for the ,sun ,god1 #ehg-u4 ,osiris the image of generative power1 #dgf-l4 ,osiris1 the image of the ,supreme ,being2 ,source of ,good1 #bha-l4 ,osiris1 the name of the ,sun1 gives earthly blessings1 #dge-m4 ,osiris the name of the ,sun to his adorers at ,memphis1 #ehg-l4 ,osiris1 the ,saviour1 perished in the twenty-eighth year of his life1 #ehi-m4 ,osiris1 the son of ,helios 7,phra71 an incarnation of the ,good ,spirit1 #ehg-l4 ,osiris1 the ,sun1 communicated generative principles to the ,moon1 #dgf-m4 ,osiris to judge the world1 according to the ,egyptians1 #fbc-l4 ,osiris was the eldest son of ,saturn1 his substance the same nature as that which composes light1 #cgh-m4 ,ouranos and ,gea sung as ,deities by ,hesiod1 #hej-l4 ,ouranos and ,ghi by their union had many children1 the later ,deities1 #feh-u4 ,ouranos and ,kronos were before ,zeus1 #eig-l4 ,ouranos1 or ,heaven1 one of the first divinities1 the husband of ,ghi1 #feh-u4 ,oviparous the type of all animal production1 #gga-l4 ,ox a symbol of purification by earth1 #dab-m4 ,p ,pagodas of ,tanjore and ,deogur1 construction of the1 #bcd-m4 ,pain and suffering a part of the scheme of the ,universe1 #bbi-m4 ,pain used to illustrate the relation of ,hakemah1 ,binah1 ,daath1 #geh-l4 ,palestine and the ancient empires are wrecks1 but ,masonry survives1 #cae-l4 ,pan represented by the horned form of the ,evil ,force or ,devil1 #ajb-l4 ,pangenitor1 the ,father of all things1 a name given to ,heaven1 #feh-m4 ,pantacle expressing the esoteric part of ,science is a ,rose of light1 #hbb-m4 ,pantacle of the ,kabalists commands the spirits of the elements1 #ghg-u4 ,pantacle of the ,kabalists formed by the triangular plates of the ,templar trowel1 #haf-m4 ,pantacles invented to disguise the meanings of magical science1 #gcb-l4 ,pantheism and ,atheism reduced to simplest terms seem the same1 #fgb-u4 ,pantheism and ,materialism avoided by a separate ruling power1 #fgg-m4 ,pantheism1 or that all is ,god1 and ,god is all and in all1 #fgb-u4 ,pantheism teaches that ,god is in all and all in ,god1 #efe-m4 ,pantheism1 the dominant idea of the doctrine of ,manes1 #efe-m4 ,pantheism under the ,ionian revival was materialistic1 #fge-m4 ,pantheistic monotheism marks the spirit of the ,indian ,vedas1 #fgb-l4 ,pantheon an allegory of phenomena and ,heavenly ,bodies1 #ejh-u4 ,papal hostility against the ,templars which flourished in spite of it1 #hae-u4 ,paracelsus advocated strongly the initiation into the magic of the ancients1 #gia-u4 ,parcelsus discovered magnetism before ,mesmer1 #gia-u4 ,parcelsus treats of ,hermetic ,science1 #ggd-l4 ,parallel lines enclosing a circle a symbol of the equilibrium of nature1 #edh-m4 ,parallel lines1 point in a circle1 two columns represent the ,solstices1 #ejf-u4 ,parallel lines supporting the circle in our ,lodges2 origin of1 #dbi-m4 ,paranatellons or stars outside of ,zodiac1 #dga-u4 ,parakletos1 the ,comforter1 claimed by ,manes1 #efe-m4 ,parmenides compared ,deity to a sphere1 heat1 a continuity1 an aggregate1 #fgf-u4 ,paropismus or ,hindukusch inhabited by ,irania races1 #fja-l4 ,parsees' definition of ,god in their catechism1 #fbj-u4 ,pashan1 the ,nourisher1 a ,vedic ,sun ,god1 #fjb-l4 ,passions clash and interests conflict in a world of action1 #fif-u4 ,passion's germ in ,maia1 ,nature's loveliness1 #fhc-l4 ,passive ,principle analogous to ,darkness or ,shadow1 #cje-l4 ,passive ,principle1 by nature1 collects and makes fruitful2 the ,active diffuses1 #ggb-u4 ,passive ,stability of the ,will of the ,past expressed in constitutions of government1 #hfj-u4 ,passover celebrated when the ,sun was in ,aries1 #dfc-l4 ,passover of the ,magi1 the annual sacrifice of ,mithras1 #fac-l4 ,paternalism1 in free ,states there is a tendency towards1 #ea-ec4 ,patient1 ,good ,knight and ,true enjoined to work and be1 #cbj-l4 ,patriarch of ,constantinople administered the first ,templar oath1 #hae-l4 ,patriarchal worship of ,deity common to ,arabians and ,hebrews1 #faf-l4 ,patriarchs1 primitive religion as taught by the1 #edj-l4 ,patriarchs taught the true religion by ,god1 #ehb-u4 ,patriotism a ,force1 #ia-u4 ,patrons of ,masonry are ,st4 ,john the ,evangelist and ,st4 ,john the ,baptist1 #hah-u4 ,paul of ,samosata taught that ,jesus was the son of ,joseph and ,mary1 #efd-l4 ,paul1 ,st41 similarity of the doctrines of ,philo to the ,epistles of1 #beb-m4 ,paul's idea of ,law and ,grace agrees with ,kabalistic idea of ,leniency1 #gfi-u4 ,paul's opinion on the second coming of ,christ1 #bfc-l4 ,pauperism and misery in the world1 #big-u4 ,pausanias claimed that those showing contempt for the ,mysteries4 were punished1 #cha-l4 ,pausanias' opinion concerning the ,mysteries1 #cgi-m4 ,pavement1 description and symbolism of the ,mosaic1 #ad-u4 ,payens1 ,hugh de1 one of the founders of the ,templars1 #haf-l4 ,peace1 campaign of1 #agg4 ,pedestal1 symbolism of the luminous1 #baj-u4 ,pelican an emblem of the beneficence of ,nature1 #bia-u4 ,pelican and ,phoenix symbols of the ,great work1 #ggd-m4 ,pelasgi1 ancient ,grecians1 settled ,samothrace1 #djg-m4 ,pelasgi had a ,deity whose name it was not permitted to pronounce1 #fba-u4 ,pelasgian name for the ,sun ,god was ,arkaleus or ,hercules1 #ehg-u4 ,pen and printing press a power against the ,demagogue and ,tyrant1 #dg-l4 ,pendragon4 ,uther1 serpents referred to in elegy of1 #eib-u4 ,pentagram or ,star with five points symbolizes human intelligence1 #gij-l4 ,pentagram3 the ,blazing ,star symbolized1 to the ,kabalists1 the ,sacred1 #hdb-u4 ,pentalpha of ,pythagoras1 the origin cf the five-pointed star1 #fcd-m4 ,pentangle of ,solomon1 the emblem of ,fellowship1 #fcd-m4 ,people in error who think it a wise policy to--1 #agh-u4 ,people to be governed for the common weal1 a striking feature of the will of the1 #ada-l4 ,perfect ,elu1 essential belief of a1 #bcc-u4 ,perfect ,master1 #eth ,degree2 virtues belonging to the1 #aad-u4 ,perfect number is ten because it includes ,unity and--1 #fbh-l4 ,perfection ,degrees urge the subjugation of our material nature1 #hee-l4 ,perfection of all things is ,wisdom and ,intelligence coupled1 #hjj-u4 ,perfection of ,god implies creation1 and the preservation of the created1 #gjh-l4 ,perfection of the ,soul and knowledge of its origin and destiny objects of the ,mysteries1 #dae-l4 ,perfection1 step by step is advancement made toward1 #acf-l4 ,perfection symbolized by the number eight1 #fce-l4 ,perfections of ,god produced the intellectual world1 #eei-l4 ,peripatetic ,school retained a secondary divinity in the eternal ,spheres1 #fgh-m4 ,perkoun1 ,pikollos1 ,potrimpos1 the ,trinity of the ,pruczi1 or ,prussians1 #eea-l4 ,perpendicular of a right angle triangle represents ,earth1 the ,human1 #hfa-m4 ,perpendicular of the right angle triangle is ,male1 #ghi-m4 ,persecute1 for his belief no man has a right to1 #aff-m4 ,persecution1 better any error or any opinion than1 #afa-u4 ,persecutions for religion's sake1 #afd--4 ,persecutions warded from the early scientists by alleged folly1 #gcc-u4 ,perseus brought down fire consecrated in ,persian ,temple1 taught--1 #dff-u4 ,persian conquests familiarized them with ,china1 ,egypt1 ,judae1 #faj-u4 ,persian deities subordinate to ,zeruane-,akherene1 #eih-u4 ,persian ideas of ,god and ,religion resembled that of the ,hebrews1 #faj-u4 ,persian legend concerning the end of the ,world1 #fbc-l4 ,persian name for the ,sun ,god was ,mithras1 #ehf-l4 ,persian name of ,deity consists of three letters1 ,h1 ,o1 ,m1 #fcb-l4 ,persian philosopher1 sayings of ,zoroaster1 the1 #agj-u4 ,persian religion framed by ,h1 ,o1 ,m1 #fba-l4 ,persian religion spiritual1 fire and sacrifice being emblems1 #faj-m4 ,persian religious ideas and doctrines1 #faj-fac4 ,persian ,supreme ,being is ,time without limit1 #bha-l4 ,persian triad1 the ,lords of ,light1 of ,fire1 of ,splendor1 #edi-m4 ,persian triad was ,bahman1 ,ardibehest1 ,shariver1 #edi-m4 ,persians abhorred ,egyptian idolatry and sought to extirpate it1 #faj-m4 ,persians among earliest emigrants from ,northern ,india1 #bjd-l4 ,persians began the new year when the ,constellation ,perseus rose1 #dff-u4 ,persians built no temples1 but worshipped on hills in stone enclosures1 #dbd-m4 ,persians burned incense to the seven ,planets on ,pyrea1 #dei-m4 ,persians changed ,hindu doctrines to a struggle between the ,good and the ,evil1 #eej-m4 ,persians held that the utterance of ,hom created the ,word1 #bje-u4 ,persians lamented the death of ,zohak1 conquered by the ,pheridoun1 #eid-l4 ,persians regard the ,sun as the ,soul of the ,universe and adore ,fire1 #dbd-u4 ,persians resembled the ,hindus in language and poetic legends1 #faj-u4 ,persians under ,xerxes destroyed ,grecian ,temples and erected fire chapels1 #faj-m4 ,persians worshipped the ,sun as ,mithras2 also the ,moon1 etc1 #dei-m4 ,persians worshipped the ,heavenly ,host1 #dei-m4 ,person1 none so debased but they have something of sacredness1 #aia-m4 ,personal ,divinity remains a mystery2 personification but a symbol1 #fgb-m4 ,personal ,god seemingly leaned to by ,aristotle1 #fgi-l4 ,personal ,god suited to human sympathies and free from mystifications1 #fgb-m4 ,personification assumed to supply deficiencies of language1 #fgb-l4 ,personification of ,absolute ,reason determines the ,divine ,ideal1 #gch-u4 ,personification of the attributes of ,god1 #bgj-m4 ,personification of ,deity infinitely inadequate1 #fgb-m4 ,personification of ,evil through error continued by the worship of abstractions1 #fid-u4 ,personification of ,god's attributes that man might commune with ,him1 #feb-l4 ,personification of ,man long recognized as ,deity1 #fig-l4 ,personification of ,stars into gods brought worship of them1 #ejh-m4 ,personification of the attributes of ,god by the ,hindus1 #fje-u4 ,personification of the great ,cause1 #fgd-m4 ,personification of the operations of nature worshipped1 #fja-m4 ,peruvians3 old-world legends of the ,sun found among the1 #eid-l4 ,peter1 the ,hermit1 held no office1 but accomplished much1 #dc-m4 ,peter1 the ,hermit1 referred to1 #ca-u4 ,phallic symbols1 consisting of stone pillars1 at ,mysteries of ,isis1 #dje-m4 ,phallus and ,cteis conveyed no idea of indecency1 #dja-l4 ,phallus and ,cteis symbolized the ,active and ,passive ,principles of the ,universe1 #dja-l4 ,phallus and ,cteis worn by innocent and virtuous women1 #djb-m4 ,phallus appears on monuments a symbol of life-giving power1 #dbg-m4 ,phallus consecrated in the ,mysteries of ,osiris and ,isis in ,egypt1 #fef-m4 ,phallus of the ,kabalah represented by ,yod1 type of human ,tetragram1 #gga-m4 ,phallus1 probable origin of the symbol of the1 #djb-l4 ,phallus1 the symbol of the creative and generative ,power1 #djb-u4 ,pharaoh's dream1 interpreted by ,joseph1 referred to the number seven1 #gbi-u4 ,pharisaic ,jews1 doctrines of ,zoroaster borrowed by the1 #beh-l4 ,pharisee1 ,hillel1 gives summary of the law of ,moses1 #agj-m4 ,pharisees' belief1 system1 costumes1 were all foreign1 #bei-l4 ,pharisees' doctrine similar to that of the ,persians1 #bei-m4 ,pharisees lost the doctrine of the ,kabalah at the advent of ,christ1 #gbg-l4 ,pharisees styled themselves ,interpreters of the ,holy ,writings1 #bei-m4 ,pharisees the dominant ,jewish system after the captivity1 #bei-u4 ,phenomena connected with the will little understood1 #gcc-m4 ,phenomena of nature are unexplained mysteries to us1 #ebf-ecj4 ,phenomena of nature1 beauty and sublimity of the1 #bdd-l4 ,phenomena of nature but symbols of greater things1 #bdd-l4 ,phenomena perpetually folded back on themselves1 #db-u4 ,phenomena of the physical and astronomical nature explained in ,masonry1 #fbe-m4 ,philanthropic1 ,masonry is1 #bba-u4 ,philip le ,bel and ,pope ,clement the ,fifth destroyers of ,templarism1 #hbj-m4 ,philo1 a ,jew1 one of the chiefs of the ,school of ,alexandria1 #bej-m4 ,philo1 ,apostle ,saint ,john read the language of1 #ajj-u4 ,philo1 declarations of1 concerning the ,hebrew writings1 #bej-l4 ,philo1 doctrines of1 #beb-l4 ,philo ,judaeus on the symbolism of the seven lamps1 #aj-m4 ,philo of ,alexandria borrows his doctrine from ,plato1 #eeb-l4 ,philo the contemporary of ,christ2 doctrines similar to ,epistles1 #beb-m4 ,philo1 the ,greek ,jew1 admonition to ,initiates1 #caa4 ,philo1 the ,greek ,jew1 initiated in the ,mysteries2 sayings of1 #caa4 ,philo's conception of the ,supreme ,being1 #bea-u4 ,philosophal gold1 in philosophy1 is ,truth1 #ggc-u4 ,philosophal gold1 in religion1 is the ,absolute and ,supreme ,reason1 #ggc-u4 ,philosophal gold1 in visible nature1 is the ,sun2 in the subterranean world1 pure gold1 #ggc-u4 ,philosophal ,stone found indicates the discovery of the ,absolute1 #ggf-l4 ,philosophal ,stone must be concealed2 the key carried on the person1 #ggg-u4 ,philosophal stone symbolized by a cube1 #gcb-u4 ,philosopher1 work of1 #g-m4 ,philosophers chose allegory as vehicles for theological ideas1 #fgh-u4 ,philosophers1 maxims of ancient1 #afg-agj4 ,philosophers of ,egypt and ,phoenicia the authors of old cosmogonies1 #ffg-m4 ,philosophers of ,greece1 except the ,epicureans favored ,platonism1 #bdg-l4 ,philosophers1 true knowledge of ,deity possessed by the ancient1 #bjg-l4 ,philosophic sentiment under the name of ,love1 #fia-l4 ,philosophical ,degrees urge the dominion of our spiritual nature1 #hef-u4 ,philosophical false gods or idols are theories and notions4 indiscriminately formed1 #fic-u4 ,philosophical ideas in ,alchemy reduced to the ,absolute2 the ,fixed2 the ,volatile1 #gia-l4 ,philosophical1 ,masonry is1 #bba-u4 ,philosophical realization of ,hermeticism is the establishment of the ,holy ,doctrine1 #hdj-l4 ,philosophical truth considered most dangerous of heresies by ,rome1 #hbj-m4 ,philosophies1 the ,mason should avoid vain1 #chh-u4 ,philosophy1 a journey never arriving at the ideal of truth1 #fia-l4 ,philosophy acknowledged its utter incapacity through ,xenophanes1 ,heraclitus1 ,socrates1 #fic-l4 ,philosophy becomes ,religion when--1 #bj-l4 ,philosophy bowed down before a reflection of the ,divine in inquirer's mind1 #fic-l4 ,philosophy coincides with true religion1 #gaj-m4 ,philosophy compared to ,initiation by ,seneca1 #chd-l4 ,philosophy connected with humanity by religion1 #gjh-m4 ,philosophy contains the basis of all religious beliefs1 #gjh-m4 ,philosophy1 ,death is the consummation of all1 #cic-u4 ,philosophy1 definition of1 #be-u4 ,philosophy directed by metaphysics ends in visionary extravagance1 #fic-m4 ,philosophy1 end of1 #bc-l4 ,philosophy from ,aristotle to ,hegel ends with a difficulty1 #gjh-l4 ,philosophy given a definite aim and method by ,bacon1 #gaj-l4 ,philosophy in its purest forms expounded in the doctrines of ,masonry1 #fbe-m4 ,philosophy of ,lucanus regarding the ,grand ,whole1 #fec-l-#fed4 ,philosophy of ,plato changed the nature of ,deity1 #fib-u4 ,philosophy of ,st4 ,john1 ,philo and ,plato from the same source1 #ii-l4 ,philosophy of the ,hermetics that of the schools of ,alexandria and the theories of ,pythagoras1 #ggd-l4 ,philosophy of the ,hindus materialistic only in appearance1 #fgc-m4 ,philosophy of the ,indians gave birth to the ,egyptian ,mysteries1 #cgb-l4 ,philosophy of the ,kabala simple1 profound1 infinite as the ,word1 #gde-m4 ,philosophy of the occult crushed by the anathemas of ,christianity1 #gcj-l4 ,philosophy of the occult godmother of religions2 the key of obscurities1 #gbi-l4 ,philosophy of the ,rite1 ,light and ,truth sit enthroned on the heights of the1 #acf-l4 ,philosophy of the ,rite1 when prepared to receive its instructions1 #acf-l4 ,philosophy reasserted the ,unity which poetry had lost1 #fge-u4 ,philosophy3 religion became arrogant and fantastical when separated from1 #fej-m4 ,philosophy restored the ,divine ,activity as an external ,intelligence1 #fge-m4 ,philosophy1 ,templars connected with the ,oriental1 #bce-m4 ,philosophy that is certain and religion of the infallible united in ,magic1 #hdb-m4 ,philosophy1 the analogy of contraries solves problems of modern1 #cjf-u4 ,philosophy1 the grip of a ,fellowcraft1 fails to raise the candidate1 #fdj-l4 ,philosophy's object is the divine order of the ,universe1 #gaj-m4 ,philosophy's task was to fill the chasm separating ,deity from man1 #feb-l4 ,phoenecian ,cosmogony of interest to ,masons1 #bgh-m4 ,phoenician creed1 principles and doctrines1 #bfh-m4 ,phoenician ,deity called ,heptakis1 ,god of seven rays1 #eh-l4 ,phoenician faith1 emanation from the worship of the ,stars1 #bfh-m4 ,phoenician ,mysteries in honor of death and resurrection of ,adonis1 #djf-m4 ,phoenician ,mysteries passed into ,greece1 #djf-m4 ,phoenician name for the ,sun ,god was ,adonai or ,adon1 #ehg-u4 ,phoenician ,nature-,god1 the principle of ,light1 called ,al1 #gbg-u4 ,phoenician ,trinity was ,ulomos1 ,chusoros and the ,egg of the ,universe1 #edi-u4 ,phoenicians considered ,light divine1 and thought it a ,god1 #ehb-u4 ,phoenicians held that ,light1 ,fire1 ,flame1 were the sons of ,kronos1 #gdj-l4 ,phoenicians probably carried ,sun legends to the ,new ,world1 #eid-l4 ,phoenicians regarded ,sun1 ,moon and ,stars as the cause of generation1 #dfi-l4 ,phoenix and ,pelican symbols of the ,great ,work1 #ggd-m4 ,phoenix1 ,dove1 ,raven1 are symbols of ,good1 ,evil and ,beauty1 #gib-m4 ,phosphor1 or ,light ,bearer1 represents the ,evil ,force or ,devil1 #ajb-l4 ,phrygia suffered famine while ,sun ,god was with the ,hyperboreans1 #eib-u4 ,physical realization of ,hermeticism is the discovery of the creative law1 #hda-u4 ,pices1 a malignant sign2 ,syrians abstained from eating fish1 #def-m4 ,pillars of a ,lodge for a ,christian symbolize ,faith1 ,hope1 ,charity1 #fda-l4 ,pillars of temples1 mystical2 representative of--1 #bce-l4 ,pillars1 ,triple ,tau represents the three ,masonic1 #ejc-l4 ,pindar and others declare sufferings proceed from a beneficent object1 #fia-u4 ,pisces the device of ,simeon and ,levy1 #dfb-u4 ,pison1 a stream of the ,edenic river1 #eh-u4 ,plague from remote ,india sweeps over ,asia and ,europe unchecked1 #haa-hab4 ,plan of the ,universe emanated from ,deity1 was of ,himself1 though not ,his ,very ,self1 #gfd-m4 ,planetary motive force a mechanical law1 so considered now1 #fga-m4 ,planetary spheres represented by the seven steps of the ,mystic ,ladder1 #hea-l4 ,planets distinguished by a cross and solar or lunar symbols1 #eje-l4 ,planets1 numbers and motions of the1 #bcc-m4 ,planets1 seven1 #aj-m4 ,plato1 commentator of ,timaeus1 wrote of the ,soul of the ,world1 #ffg-u4 ,plato's ,deity the essence of ,goodness1 ,the ,good itself1 #fhb-l4 ,plato declares absolute truth is in ,god2 it is ,god under one of ,his phases1 #gjg-l4 ,plato developed beautifully the higher ,greek religious ideas1 #fag-m4 ,plato discourses on the disfigurement of the ,soul1 #heh-m4 ,plato drew his doctrines from the ,east and the ,mysteries1 #cih-m4 ,plato expresses his idea of the love of ,god1 #gjd-l4 ,plato1 greatest of human ,revealers1 #ajj-u4 ,plato1 in part1 conceived the progressive mediation between ignorance and wisdom1 #gaa-u4 ,plato in the ,alexandrian ,school helps bring ,christianity and ,magic together1 #gca-l4 ,plato installed the creations of his own mind among the gods1 #fgh-u4 ,plato1 ,masonry revives the ,academy of1 #bba-m4 ,plato on the nature of the ,first ,principle1 #ii-u4 ,plato recognizes ,love as the highest and most beneficent of the ,gods1 #fhb-l4 ,plato taught the distinction between the initiated and profane1 #bdi-l4 ,plato terms unity and duality the first principles of all existence1 #fcj-l4 ,platonic doctrine of ,hule recognized by ,alexandrian ,gnostics1 #eee-l4 ,platonic doctrines favored by philosophers of ,greece1 #bdg-l4 ,platonic triads1 ,thought1 ,matter1 ,kosmos1 #edi-l4 ,platonism1 doctrines of1 #bdi-l4 ,platonism1 in ,gnosticism were found the doctrines of1 #bdi-l4 ,platonism1 in ,symbolic degrees are found the doctrines of1 #bej-u4 ,platonists borrowed the idea from ,egypt or ,persia that--1 #bee-m4 ,platonists1 the ,absolute substituted for the ,supreme ,essence by the new1 #bhd-u4 ,plato's doctrine concerning the return of the ,soul to ,heaven1 #ddj-u4 ,plato's observation on the origin of the conception of a general ,cause1 #fgd-m4 ,plato's philosophy a mediation of ,love1 #fib-u4 ,plato's science consummated in the contemplation of the ,divine1 #fib-l4 ,plato's theory concerning ,deity1 ,soul1 ,force1 ,good1 #fha-m4 ,pleiades signifies to sail2 names of stars1 #dec-m4 ,pleiades were for eight centuries the leading stars of the ,sabean year1 #dea-l4 ,plenitude of ,yod1 the name of the letter spelled is ,yod1 ,vau1 ,daleth1 #gib-l4 ,pleroma1 ,plenitude1 ,fullness1 a favorite term of the ,gnostics1 #eei-l4 ,pleroma1 the storehouse of the endless circle of phenomenal change1 #fge-l4 ,pliny advises his friend ,maximus1 to revere the ancient glory and old age1 #hjd-l4 ,pliny's character of ,domitian1 #dg-l4 ,plutarch admits the ,two ,principles as the basis of the ,mysteries1 #djd-m4 ,plutarch claims the ,mysteries were established to--1 #cgh-u4 ,plutarch says the better and diviner nature consists of three1 #edi-m4 ,plutarch speaks mysteriously of ,holy ,doctrines in ,iside et ,osiride1 #hda-u4 ,pneumatica ,kabalistica1 the ,beth ,alohim or ,domus ,dei1 a ,kabalistic book1 #ggb-l4 ,pneumatica ,kabalistica states that in the world ,yezirah ,yod denotes ,kether1 #gih-m4 ,poetical personifications of ,deity neither wholly moral or purely beneficent1 #fij-u4 ,poetry continued a veneration for ,sun1 ,stars1 ,fire1 or ,ether1 #fgh-u4 ,poetry obscured by symbolism the idea of ,divine unity1 #fgd-l4 ,poetry personified ,deity as man1 #fic-m4 ,poetry's task was to fill the chasm separating man from ,deity1 #feb-l4 ,point in a circle parallel lines1 two columns1 represent the ,solstices1 #ejf-m4 ,point in the center of a circle a symbol of a point in the center of the ,great ,light1 #gdh-u4 ,point in the center of a circle represents the ,light of the ,vestige of the ,garment1 ,yod1 #gej-m4 ,point in the center of the ,great ,light is called ,auir1 ,ether1 ,space1 #gej-m4 ,point within a circle expresses the union of the two great ,causes1 #dja-l4 ,point within a circle a symbol of the ,sun1 #dhf-l4 ,point within a ,circle2 symbolism of the1 #ad-l4 ,point within a circle1 two parallel lines and single ,tau ,cross gives the ,triple ,tau1 #ejc-m4 ,point within a circle symbolizes the union of the ,active and ,passive ,principles1 #dja-l4 ,point within the circle represented by ,unity1 #fbi-l4 ,point within the circle1 symbolism of the1 #dja-l4 ,points of the ,scottish ,master's ,degree relating to the transmutation of metals1 #ghj-ghb4 ,poisons are sovereign remedies given in due proportions1 #hdf-l4 ,pole star in ,egyptian times was ,alpha ,draconis1 not ,cynosura1 #dhe-m4 ,political degeneration1 #ff-ge4 ,political point of view1 but a single principle of ,liberty1 #dc-l4 ,political science1 #ea-ef4 ,political theories1 state brutalized by false and slavish1 #ej-l4 ,pompadour reigns in the name of ,louis the ,fifteenth1 #di-m4 ,pontiff of the ,johannites initiated de ,payens into ,gnostic ,mysteries1 #hag-l4 ,poor man1 school of life teaches lessons to the1 #ahb-l4 ,poor men1 almost all the noblest things have been achieved by1 #cdg-m4 ,pooroosha1 the universal organism2 ,fire1 ,air1 ,sun1 the chief members1 #fgc-u4 ,pope ,clement the ,fifth and ,philip le ,bel the accusers of the ,templars1 #hbj-m4 ,populace has two ,stepmothers1 ,ignorance and ,misery1 #b-l4 ,popular heart detests the greedy1 the selfish1 the cruel1 even if successful1 #hch-m4 ,porta ,coelorum1 a book which gives information concerning the ,sephiroth1 #gei-m4 ,porta ,coelorum defines ,yod as the first among numbers and before all bodies1 #gib-l4 ,porphyry says the ancients represented ,god by images1 #bhc-l4 ,porphyry says the soul must flee from sensuality to live with ,god1 #eba-m4 ,porphyry states ,egyptians recognize as ,gods the ,stars of the ,zodiac1 #deh-m4 ,possibility of the actual not to be neglected for the impossible ideal1 #hce-u4 ,potentiality of the ,universe had to exist before it was evolved1 #gjd-m4 ,power begotten by ,genius1 #cj-m4 ,power delegated for the good of the people1 #aee-l4 ,power1 never satisfied is the thirst for2 examples of1 #gd-m4 ,power of ,god has no bounds1 #eha-m4 ,power1 the wise use of the will which makes fatality its servant1 #gcf-m4 ,powers of ,nature1 in the ,mysteries were personified the ,active and ,passive1 #dce-l4 ,powers proceeding from ,deity are perfectly submissive to ,his will1 #gfh-u4 ,practicability of a moral rule necessary to its being beneficial1 #hca-m4 ,prayer an essential part of our ceremonies1 #f-m4 ,prayer as a means of changing the laws of the ,universe1 #fhd-l4 ,prayer is a ,force2 is sublime1 #f-l4 ,prayer promotes the magnetic sympathy of spirit with spirit1 #fhe-u4 ,prayer seeks some outward beneficial result1 #fhe-u4 ,prayer takes the form of incantation as we ascend in antiquity1 #fhd-l4 ,prayer1 the aspiration of the ,soul toward the ,infinite ,intelligence1 #f-m4 ,prayers are vain things1 according to a learned archbishop1 #fie-u4 ,precession of the ,equinoxes1 a little over fifty seconds1 #ddi-l4 ,precession of the ,equinoxes is #cj1 or a ,sign1 in #b1aee4f years1 #dii-l4 ,preparation to receive the lessons of the ,mysteries1 #dca-m4 ,present my only care if ,i am to perish utterly1 #gad-l4 ,present1 our scene of action1 a part of immortality1 #aci-m4 ,press is a sower of falsehood1 #egi-u4 ,preston1 explanations and improvements of1 #aje-m4 ,pride not the heritage of man1 #ci-u4 ,priesthood and ,royalty1 naturally identical are the interests of1 #ih-l4 ,priesthood1 the ,king of ,egypt often exercised the functions of the1 #chj-u4 ,priests change the altar to a throne where they seek to reign1 #cfj-u4 ,priests honest and sincere before the time of ,christianity1 #ajb-m4 ,priests in the festival of ,isis were clothed in white linen and bore--1 #chh-u4 ,priests invented display of rites and exhibitions1 #bb-m4 ,priests not willing to invest common people with philosophical ,truth1 #bc-u4 ,priests1 powers of government and all knowledge in hands of ,hebrew1 #fbe-u4 ,prima ,materia of the ,great ,work defined1 #ggc-l4 ,prima ,materia1 the magical agent of the ,hermetic philosophers1 #ggc-l4 ,primal ,ether extends everywhere1 but is not perceptible to the senses1 #gej-l4 ,primal ,ether of the ,chaldean ,oracles was ,fire1 #gdb-m4 ,primeval times recognized in modern ,degrees1 #fbe-m4 ,primitive happy condition remembered and preserved by the poets and legends1 #eii-l4 ,primitive ,man1 ,adam ,kadmon1 perfected by the ,supreme ,god1 #efb-l4 ,primitive man received the pure religion from ,god1 #eih-m ,primitive man recognized the ,deity under a variety of appearances1 #eac-l4 ,primitive man recognized the invisible ,god without losing faith1 #ead-u4 ,primitive people feared the non-return of the ,sun when--1 #ddg-m4 ,primitive people lamented when ,sun seemed to be dragged down1 #ddg-m4 ,primitive people personified the ,moon as ,isis1 #ddg-l4 ,primitive people personified the ,sun as ,osiris1 #ddg-l4 ,primitive people personified ,winter as ,typhon1 #ddg-l4 ,primitive people rejoiced when the ,sun reascended--1 #ddg-m4 ,primitive philosophy of the ,indians the basis of that of ,pythagoras1 #cgb-l4 ,primitive religion a veneration1 pure and simple1 of nature1 #faj-l4 ,primitive religion as taught by ,christ and the ,patriarchs1 #edj-l4 ,primitive religion not a deification of nature or denial of the sovereignty of ,god1 #faj-l4 ,primitive ,religion the glorious images of ,divinity1 #ejh-m4 ,primitive revelation of ,god gives place to nature worship among--1 #fjj-m4 ,primitive revelation seen through the idolatry of nature worship1 #fja-m4 ,primitive simplicity of revelation overlaid with poetic ornament1 #fjj-m4 ,primitive ,truth faded from men's ,souls as time went on1 #ehc-u4 ,primitive ,truth falsified and confused during the ages1 #eii-u4 ,primitive ,truths passed from the ,egyptians to the ,jews1 preserved by the ,essenes1 #cfi-l4 ,primitive ,truth taught ,pythagoras by ,zoroaster1 #fag-l4 ,prince of ,jerusalem1 #afth ,degree2 characteristics of1 #bda-u4 ,prince of ,libanus1 ,knight of the ,royal ,axe1 #bb;d ,degree1 #cdj-u4 ,prince of ,mercy or ,scottish ,trinitarian1 the #bfth ,degree1 #ebd4 ,prince of the ,tabernacle1 #bdth ,degree1 #cga-u4 ,principle called ,father is comprehended in ,yod1 according to the ,idra ,suta1 #gib-l4 ,principle is ,one2 the ,word is ,two1 #ggb-u4 ,principle1 man is possessed of an irrational principle origin1 #beb-u4 ,principle of ,active and ,passive very important in ancient philosophy1 #fec-ffd4 ,principle of all things is called the ,house of all things1 #gic-u4 ,principle of ,existence made ,himself ,creator1 #ggb-u4 ,principle of ,light manifested himself in ,man to deliver the ,soul1 #efg-m4 ,principles1 adherence to political1 #he-l4 ,principles and attributes personified1 #bgj4 ,principles and laws fixed for man as a spiritual being1 #aig-m4 ,principles1 ,being is ,being2 ,being is ,real2 ,being is ,logic were the three1 #cbb-u4 ,principles1 but ,one are the ,three ,absolute1 #cbb-u4 ,principles1 ,father1 ,son or ,word1 ,holy ,spirit1 are the three1 #cbb-u4 ,principles in ,alchemy represented by ,air1 ,earth1 ,fire1 ,water1 #gia-l4 ,principles1 ,mercury1 ,salt1 ,sulphur1 given a philosophical meaning1 #ghc-l4 ,principles of ,divinity and of ,primitive ,matter and ,darkness each eternal1 #efg-l4 ,principles of generation1 ,active and ,passive1 basis of the ,mysteries1 #djd-m4 ,principles of ,good and ,evil each triumphed for three thousand years1 #ffc-m4 ,principles of ,light and ,darkness proceed from the ,active and ,passive1 #fei-l4 ,principles of ,male and ,female in highest and most profound sense1 #gjj-m4 ,principles of ,manes adopted by the ,gnostics in some numbers1 #hah-u4 ,principles of the justness of ,god and the law of merit and demerit necessary to faith1 #gjf-u4 ,principles of the ,universe2 organs of generation symbols of the ,active and ,passive1 #dja-l4 ,principles of the ,universe1 the ,active and ,passive symbolized by--1 #dja-l4 ,principles1 the generative parts of man and woman symbolized the1 #dja-l4 ,principles1 three result from the four qualities of the four ,elements1 #ghc-l4 ,printing1 power and art of1 #ed-m4 ,priscillianists believed in two principles1 ,divinity and ,matter and ,darkness1 #efg-l4 ,prismatic separation of seven colors correspond to the ,sephiroth1 #gbg-m4 ,problem of the ,hermetics to transmute metals and possess the elixir of life1 #ggb-l4 ,problems1 most important1 are social1 #ahj-u4 ,problems of populous and wealthy country1 #agh-agi4 ,problems solved by the ancient poetic and philosophic mind1 #fec-m4 ,proclus held that each ,star contained an immortal ,soul and ,intelligence1 #fga-m4 ,proclus states ,deity changed himself into the form of ,love in the work of creation1 #fhc-m4 ,production1 capacity of1 #cje-m4 ,productive capacity of the ,letter ,he left behind when ,yod reascended1 #gea-l4 ,profane applied to strangers to the early ,christians1 #edd-m4 ,progress of man must be accompanied by doubt1 #gab-l4 ,progress the normal condition of man1 #fia-l4 ,projection accomplished by the understanding of a single word1 #ggg-m4 ,prometheus chained in his cavern betokened the continuance of ,winter1 #eib-m4 ,pronunciation and meaning of ,ineffable ,name lost to all but a few1 #gjj-l4 ,pronunciation of the name of ,deity involves the secret of its meaning1 #fig-m4 ,prophet of the ,jews announced to the ,magi by the ,star of ,initiation1 #hdj-u4 ,proposition1 ,forty-seventh1 #he-l4 ,proserpina represents the seed decaying and destroyed1 #cie-u4 ,proserpine and ,adonis in wanderings represent--1 #djd-m4 ,proserpine overcome by ,pluto in the form of a ,serpent1 #dib-m4 ,providence of ,god enfolds the whole ,universe1 #gae-l4 ,providence of ,god rules directly in all the affairs and changes of material things1 #hji-l4 ,providence3 several ,mysteries taught the administration of the ,universe by ,intermediaries of1 #daf-l4 ,provost and ,judge1 #gth ,degree2 lessons inculcated1 #abf-u4 ,pruczi1 or ,prussians1 typified the ,trinity by the tri-une ,god1 #eea-l4 ,prudence symbolized by the ,blazing ,star1 #ejf-u4 ,prudence1 the opposite of indolence1 represented by ,mercury1 #gbg-l4 ,prussian ,knight or ,noachite1 the #bast ,degree1 lessons of the1 #ccd-u4 ,psalms of ,david indicate a loftier knowledge of ,deity than the common1 #fag-u4 ,psyche represented the ,soul2 her suitor was ,dionusos1 who awakened her1 #ehf-l4 ,psyche1 representing the ,soul1 had an earthly and an immortal lover1 #eai-l4 ,public not a vague abstraction1 #aih-u4 ,public ,opinion a ,force2 in free governments omnipotent1 #ij-l4 ,public service only justly entered through door of merit1 #dg-u4 ,punishment and reward are the satisfaction of demerit and merit1 #gbd-u4 ,punishment for sins a part of the ,masonic ,doctrine1 #egg-u4 ,punishment of ,vice in this life1 #aja-u4 ,punishment of wrongdoers without anger or revenge1 #ge-m4 ,punishment the occurrence of an effect1 #abg-m4 ,purity of heart security for purity of life1 #bbg-m4 ,purity of no religion continues long after it casts off simplicity1 #cfj-u4 ,purity of the ,initiate indicated by fasting1 continence1 initiation1 #ebj-l4 ,purification by air1 water and earth2 symbols of1 #dab-m4 ,purification preparatory to initiation1 #dca-l4 ,pyramid1 no ,hebrew word to designate a1 #bcd-u4 ,pyramid of ,borsippa1 near ,babylon2 seven stages of the1 #aa-u4 ,pyramid1 the universal symbol of immortality1 #fcc-u4 ,pyramids and ,obelisks consecrated to the ,sun and ,fire1 #dfj-u4 ,pyramids built to the four cardinal points1 #cff-l4 ,pyramids1 firm and unshaken1 figured to ,masonic judges by a triangle1 #hbf-l4 ,pyramids of ,bal had seven stages of different colors1 #bcd-m4 ,pyramids represented metaphysics founded on a knowledge of nature1 #cba-l4 ,pythagoras a pupil of ,zoroaster1 #dbd-l4 ,pythagoras attached importance to the ,science of ,numbers1 #cd-l4 ,pythagoras became an ,egyptian initiate1 #cfe-m4 ,pythagoras borrowed the ,tetractys1 #hh-m4 ,pythagoras chose philosopher as a title rather than sage1 #fbf-m4 ,pythagoras1 conception of ,god by1 #bhe-u4 ,pythagoras declares ,god is ,one1 the ,soul of all ,beings1 the ,father1 #ffg-u4 ,pythagoras1 definitions of1 #ig-u4 ,pythagoras did not ascribe to numbers any special virtue1 #fbf-l4 ,pythagoras dwelt twelve years at ,babylon studying with the ,magi1 #ffb-u4 ,pythagoras enveloped doctrine with symbols1 #ig-m4 ,pythagoras established the ,grecian ,mysteries with three degrees1 #cff-u4 ,pythagoras explained the transmigration of ,souls1 #fbb-l4 ,pythagoras expounded the higher ,greek religious ideas1 #fag-m4 ,pythagoras1 ,fellowcraft ,degree a reproduction of the teachings of1 #cff-l4 ,pythagoras1 #dgth proposition older than1 #hf-l4 ,pythagoras3 ,heirocles and ,timaeus of ,loeri disciples of1 #fbc-u4 ,pythagoras' idea regarding numbers1 #hh-m4 ,pythagoras journeyed to learn the secrets of ancient ,initiations1 #if-l4 ,pythagoras learned from a ,magus at ,babylon the two principles1 #ffb-u4 ,pythagoras learned from the ,egyptians the idea of the ,universal ,soul1 #fff-m4 ,pythagoras learned from ,zoroaster1 who was taught in ,india1 #fag-m4 ,pythagoras learned in ,egypt that the earth revolved around the ,sun1 #hdc-u4 ,pythagoras learned much from the ,egyptian priests1 #cfb-l4 ,pythagoras made the ,universe an intelligent ,being1 #ffg-l4 ,pythagoras1 ,masonry reiterates the maxims of1 #bba-m4 ,pythagoras1 mysterious ,pentalpha of1 #eh-l4 ,pythagoras1 mystic numbers of1 #bcc-m4 ,pythagoras nor ,thales made generally known the revolution of earth1 #hdc-u4 ,pythagoras obtained true knowledge of ,deity in the ,mysteries1 #bjh-m4 ,pythagoras1 ,plato1 ,aristotle1 mentioned with ,christ1 #efb-l4 ,pythagoras1 ,plato developed the philosophy of1 #cff-l4 ,pythagoras recognized two principles of all things1 in equal proportion1 #ffb-u4 ,pythagoras represented the world by the right angled triangle1 #fca-m4 ,pythagoras taught the esoteric doctrine1 #bdi-m4 ,pythagoras taught the transmigration of souls as an allegory1 #cih-m4 ,pythagoras1 teachings of1 #cff-m4 ,pythagoras tried by ,egyptian ,priests before communicating secrets1 #che-l4 ,pythagore de ,crotone corrupted into ,peter ,gower of ,groton in ,england1 #haf-m4 ,pythagorean doctrine of numbers preserved by--1 #bce-m4 ,pythagorean ideas as to particular numbers1 #fbf-fcj4 ,pythagorean ideas on ,unity1 #fbf-m4 ,pythagorean opinions in the creeds of the ,essenes and ,therapeuts1 #bei-l4 ,pythagorean ,sons of ,apollo took up the service of ,dionusos when dispersed1 #ehf-u4 ,pythagorean symbol of ,tetractys revered by the ,essenes1 #bfd-l4 ,pythagorean triad was ,idea1 ,matter and the ,demiourgos1 #edi-l4 ,python the ,serpent ,deity esteemed oracular1 #dif-m4 ,q ,quadrature of the circle indicates the knowledge of the four vulgar elements1 #fbi-m4 ,quadrature of the circle produced by movements of four equal angles1 #gga-l4 ,qualities we call ,god1 not the name of the sum total is the essential1 #fdd-u4 ,quarternary formed by the ,ternary acting with ,unity1 #gga-m4 ,quarternary1 the ,key of all numbers1 movements1 forms1 #gga-m4 ,quaternary a symbol of the ,eternal and ,creative ,principle1 #fcb-l4 ,quaternary the first solid figure1 the pyramid1 a symbol of immortality1 #fcc-u4 ,quaternary the most perfect number and the root of all things1 #fcb-l4 ,questions concerning ,god1 the ,universe1 ,man1 his destiny1 #fdh-fdi4 ,questions which are presumed to be solved by the ,fall of man1 #fhe-l4 ,questions which have produced all the religions1 philosophy1 #fdi-l4 ,quintessence1 a combination of light and gold1 in ,alchemical work1 #ggc-m4 ,quintessence symbolized to the ,alchemists by the ,blazing ,star1 #hdb-u4 ,quintessence3 the number five designated the universal1 #fcd-u4 ,quintessence1 the universal medicine of the ,hermetic for the body1 #ggc-m4 ,r ,rab ,banaim1 ,chief of the ,architects in #abth ,degree1 #bjb-l4 ,rahab means a sea monster2 smitten by ,god1 #eaj-l4 ,rainbow1 three principal1 seven by mixture1 are the colors of the1 #eg-l4 ,raising of ,khurum a symbol of the spiritual regeneration of man1 #eai-l4 ,raising of ,khurum symbolical of the attraction of the constellation ,leo1 #dhh-m4 ,ram1 device of ,gad1 characterized by ,jacob as a warrior1 #dfa-l4 ,rama1 one of the impersonations of ,vishnu1 the ,epic ,hero1 #fjc-m4 ,ramayan defines what the word ,aum represents1 #fbj-l4 ,ramsay's fourth ,degree1 ,scottish ,elder ,master ,knight of ,st4 ,andrew1 #ggi-l4 ,raphael1 the face of a ,man on the ,west and backward1 with ,he and ,earth1 #gih-m4 ,raven1 ,dove1 ,phoenix1 are symbols of ,good1 ,evil and ,beauty1 #gib-m4 ,re1 the son of ,phtha1 and his wife1 ,tiphe1 the celestial firmament1 #bed-m4 ,re1 the ,sun1 whose symbol was the point within the circle1 #bed-m4 ,reabsorbtion of the ,soul into the ,infinite1 #fhf-u4 ,real and unreal relative terms1 #fgc-m4 ,reality1 what is2 reality of dreams while they last1 #egb-l4 ,reason and experience the bases of ,science1 #ggf-u4 ,reason and sentiment the bases of ,faith1 #ggf-u4 ,reason and the ,moral ,sense keep appetites and passions for our benefit1 #hfj-l4 ,reason at fault when it deals with the infinite1 #bh-m4 ,reason1 ,infinite1 the ,soul of ,nature1 immortal1 #bhj-u4 ,reason is because it is2 reason is by means of itself1 #gcg-l4 ,reason is necessity1 ,law1 the direction of every initiative1 #gcg-l4 ,reason is powerless before ,authority1 #cae-m4 ,reason is the ,absolute2 it is not an hypothesis2 it is essential to existence1 #gcg-u4 ,reason is where nothing exists2 nothing could exist without it1 #gcg-l4 ,reason leads us away from ,truth under certain conditions--1 #cja-l4 ,reason leaps into the throne of ,god and waves her torch over the ruins of the ,universe1 #haj-u4 ,reason1 light of2 symbolized by--1 #baj-u4 ,reason must have company of loving kindness in morals or political science1 #bi-l4 ,reason3 ,necessity1 ,liberty1 are synonyms of the ,absolute2 the ,fixed2 the ,volatile1 #gia-l4 ,reason of man compared with the ,instinct of animals1 #cjd-u4 ,reason of man possesses something of the ,absolute by participation in the ,divine reason1 #gjh-u4 ,reason proves the existence and attributes of ,god1 #bbf-l4 ,reason reconciled with ,faith in the ,kabala1 #gdd-l4 ,reason sinking exhausted gives place to ,faith1 #hda-m4 ,reason3 ,socrates believed in a ,universal1 #fic-u4 ,reason ,supreme and ,absolute ,justice1 the ,hermetic universal medicine for the soul1 #ggc-m4 ,reason1 ,supreme and unalterable1 is the ,philosophal ,stone of the ,hermetics1 #gge-l4 ,reason1 the designation of the ,supreme ,being1 by ,lao-,tseu1 #bgh-l4 ,reason3 the ,divine ,reason is beyond the human1 #hda-m4 ,reason3 the great ,absurdity to our feebleness is the ,divine1 #hda-m4 ,reason1 unalterable1 the touchstone of ,truth1 #ggf-u4 ,reason's great aim is to generalize1 to discover unity in multiplicity1 #fgc-m4 ,reasoning principle comes from ,god through the ,word1 #beb-u4 ,rebuilding of the ,temple of the ,eternal advocated by ,cagliostro to ,masons1 #hbc-m4 ,reconciliation of faith and reason1 science and creed by ,magic1 #hdb-m4 ,reconciliation of ,good and ,evil through the plan of ,equilibrium1 #gfg-u4 ,reconciliation of ,light and ,darkness2 ,free ,will and ,necessity and the harmonious result of all1 #gfg-m4 ,redeemer placed in the region of the ,sun and ,moon to attract the ,light or ,soul1 #eff-l4 ,redeemer1 theory of and necessity for a1 #bgd-m4 ,redeemer to end the reign of evil is ,the ,word1 #bgd-m4 ,redeemer to overcome the ,principle of ,evil2 names of the1 #bgg-m4 ,redemption of mankind through the death of a ,mediator believed by the ,druids1 #fah-u4 ,redemption will be accomplished1 and end of the world occur when--1 #efd-u4 ,reflections inhabited seven different regions and were named--1 #efc-m4 ,reflections3 the ,angels proceeding from ,ialdaboth were called1 #efc-m4 ,reformation1 a monk wrote anti-papal doctrines previous to the1 #ie-l4 ,reformation and repentance necessary to obtain forgiveness1 #dce-m4 ,reformers who are impatient generally fail to reclaim the erring1 #acc-l4 ,regeneration1 air1 fire1 water1 the symbols of1 #ceg-l4 ,regnum has more nearly perfect knowledge when she turns face to face1 #gii4 ,regnum is given the name of the ,word of the ,lord and superinvests ,heaven1 #gie-m4 ,regnum1 or ,malakoth1 the wife of ,seir ,aupin1 ,microprosopos1 #gii-l4 ,regnum1 the cornerstone1 crushed into a formless mass1 #gif-l4 ,regnum1 the last ,numeration1 was empty and inane2 needed ,love1 #gih-u4 ,regnum1 the seventh ,king1 produced by ,binah1 is called a stone1 #gif-l4 ,reign of ,evil ends when ,fallen ,angels are restored to ,god1 #fhf-u4 ,religion and duty1 which are accepted by ,masons1 #bbf-m4 ,religion and science1 when progressive1 are identical in aims1 #gaj-m4 ,religion1 as a physiological fact1 is the revelation of a necessity of souls1 #hbb-u4 ,religion1 connected with philosophy was the ancient ,oriental1 #bb-u4 ,religion connects philosophy with humanity1 #gjh-m4 ,religion1 every ,masonic lodge a temple of1 #bac-l4 ,religion for the mass of mankind must contain some errors1 #bbd-u4 ,religion gives man a ,father1 a ,witness1 a ,consoler1 a ,judge1 #gjh-m4 ,religion1 humanity has but one1 #ajb-u4 ,religion in ,egypt and the ,east more or less a mystery1 #ced-u4 ,religion is a recognition of duty in harmony with goodness1 #gag-m4 ,religion labored to establish the universal triumph of the ,cross1 #hba-l4 ,religion1 ,masonry is the universal1 eternal1 #bai-m4 ,religion may be founded on an intellectual basis1 #gaj-l4 ,religion3 men figuratively saw ,god face to face in the ,primitive1 #ejh-m4 ,religion natural to man2 he turns to ,god instinctively1 #fdg-l4 ,religion not in inaction1 but in activity and exertion1 #cdb-m4 ,religion of ,christianity imposed silence on lying oracles1 #hda-l4 ,religion of ,christianity put an end to the prestiges of the false ,gods1 #hda-l4 ,religion of each age suited to its capacity1 #aje-u4 ,religion of ,love a ,religion of ,hate for seventeen centuries1 #bid-m4 ,religion of ,moses borrowed from all creeds with which it came in contact1 #bdg-m4 ,religion of the ancient ,orientals was more or less a ,mystery1 #bb-u4 ,religion of the ,ancient ,patriarchs taught by ,god1 #ehb-u4 ,religion of the ,hermetics that of the ,magi and ancient ,initiates1 #ggd-l4 ,religion of the infallible and the certainty of ,philosophy united in ,magic1 #hdb-m4 ,religion of the ,patriarchs as practiced by the early ,christians1 #edj-l4 ,religion of toil1 ,masonry1 society1 #bab-bac4 ,religion originally an attempt to interpret the unknown by mind1 #fej-m4 ,religion revealed by ,god to the primitive man1 #eih-m4 ,religion revealed to the patriarchs taught by ,masonry1 #bad-u4 ,religion separated from philosophy became arrogant and fantastical1 #fej-m4 ,religion1 sole purpose an ,ethic1 #ce-u4 ,religion1 the crown of ,morality1 #gbf-u4 ,religion1 the truest1 would not be comprehended by the ignorant1 #bbd-m4 ,religions1 a basis of ,truth and ,morality in all1 #caa-l4 ,religions1 ancient1 which once ruled the minds of men1 #bdg-u4 ,religions and ,faiths antagonized by ,science1 #hji-l4 ,religions and sciences based on the idea of equilibrium1 #gfi-l4 ,religions based on the doctrine of the two ,principles1 #ffa-l4 ,religion's existence is a scientific fact1 #hbb-u4 ,religion's history that of the human mind1 #fea-m4 ,religions1 maxims of ancient1 #afg-agj4 ,religions1 ,mysteries arose from the insufficiency of the ancient1 #ced-u4 ,religions of antiquity all based on the worship of the ,sun1 #eic-l4 ,religions of the ,north partook of the manly character of the people1 #eia-u4 ,religions owe their life to the proposition of the direct ,providence of ,god1 #hji-l4 ,religion's task is to fill the chasm separating man from ,deity1 #feb-l4 ,religious belief a matter of birth1 place and education1 #afe-m4 ,religious belief not acceptable to all men on same evidence1 #afe-l4 ,religious belief1 sure foundation for1 #bbf-l4 ,religious belief1 the deductions of intellect and convictions of the heart furnish a foundation for1 #bbf-l4 ,religious conceptions concerning the ,trinity by the ,ancients1 #egf-m4 ,religious convictions as a result of the study of--1 #bbf-l4 ,religious doctrine of ,india and ,persia at first a veneration of ,nature1 #faj-l4 ,religious dramas exhibited to the initiates as initiations1 #chc-m4 ,religious expression is symbolism2 objects of religion unseen1 #eab-l4 ,religious ,faiths of ancients could not have been believed if they knew as we do1 #cjb-u4 ,religious feeling evaporated with the stripping away of symbolism1 #fgh-m4 ,religious history that of the human mind1 #fea-m4 ,religious ideas may be the same1 but their expressions are various1 #eab-l4 ,religious lessons taught to a thoughtful man by nature1 #gad-m4 ,religious metaphysics discussed by ,hebrews after ,persian captivity1 #fag-u4 ,religious ,orders desired to make ,kings and ,pontiffs1 #hae-m4 ,religious realization of ,hermeticism is the foundation of the true ,empire and--1 #hdj-l4 ,religious requisites are--1 #afd-u4 ,religious systems approximating towards each other2 when--1 #bdg-m4 ,religious teachings conveyed through exhibition1 #cee-m4 ,religious ,truths inculcated by ,masonry1 #egf-l4 ,repining because we are not angels in a world of no changes is folly1 #fif-m4 ,repose unbalanced by an analogous movement will not be happiness1 #hdg-l4 ,republic1 danger of government by party1 #hc-u4 ,republic1 for services to be rendered in the future is one entitled to office in a1 #ha-u4 ,republic governed by agitators1 #hb-l4 ,republic1 hollow1 heartless and shallow politicians in a1 #hd-l4 ,republic1 only in consideration of public services is one entitled to office in a1 #hc-l4 ,republic saved by principle1 ,the tools to the workmen1 #dg-m4 ,republic1 the world but one2 each nation a family1 #bbj-m4 ,republic1 those competent to serve refuse to enter into struggle1 #he-u4 ,republic will be immortal1 when--1 #ba-l4 ,republics1 decay of1 #hf-m4 ,republics of old perished by the conflicts of liberties and franchises1 #hae-m4 ,republics1 rule of ,speech and ,imposture1 #de-l4 ,republics1 to the unworthy often go offices in1 #df-m4 ,requisites1 religious1 are--1 #afd-u4 ,resignation more noble in proportion as it is less passive1 #ci-m4 ,responsibility of ,man for his acts a part of the ,masonic ,doctrine1 #egg-u4 ,results1 an aggregate of many exertions produces great1 #age-u4 ,results commanded by selection1 #fie-l4 ,results1 great1 if ,masonry and ,masons are true to their missions1 #age-l4 ,results of the actions of certain women on their country1 #cab-l4 ,results of universal law may be beneficial1 though limitedly prejudicial1 #fie-l4 ,results1 the product of constant assiduity1 #agd-m4 ,resurrected2 after being held by the chains of the grave1 ,hercules was1 #eic-u4 ,resurrection1 death1 passion of ,bakchos at ,thrace1 #daa-u4 ,resurrection of a ,god who associates ,souls with ,him1 #djh-m4 ,resurrection or revival of the ,sun ,gods continuous1 #eij-m4 ,retirement1 morbid selfishness1 #ci-m4 ,retribution bars retaliation1 even in words1 #hac-u4 ,retribution1 law of1 #baf-bag4 ,reuben answers1 to ,aquarius1 his ensign a man1 #dfa-u4 ,revelation of ,god by his attributes1 #bfg-m4 ,revelation3 ,infinite ,being worshipped without superstition by primitive1 #fbd-m4 ,revelation of primitive times forms the basis of all religions and ,masonry1 #fbe-m4 ,revelation of the ,creative ,agency in the ten emanations or ,sephiroth1 #bfg-m4 ,revelation of the primitive religion made to the ,hebrews in fragments1 #faf-l4 ,revelation of the ,primitive ,word of ,divine ,truth to mankind1 #eih-m4 ,revelations and ,inspirations in traditions1 #cba-u4 ,revelations1 ,doctrines of all creeds found in the book of1 #bgb-l4 ,revelations3 men united astronomy and religion1 forgetting the ,original1 #ejh-l4 ,revelations paints the struggle between ,good and ,evil1 #bgb-l4 ,reverence for ourselves as immortal ,souls1 #hfa-u4 ,reverence for the organs of generation came from the ancient idea1 #gga-l4 ,reversion of letters of a word to form a new name was common1 #fii-m4 ,revision of the thirty degrees by the ,supreme ,council1 ,so4 ,jur1 #cbh-m4 ,revivification of dead matter from its ashes the great work1 #ghf-l4 ,revolutionibus ,animarum1 of ,rabbi ,jitz-chak ,lorja1 a ,kabalistic book1 #ggb-l4 ,revolutions have long roots in the past1 #ij-u4 ,reward and assistance of humble workers in life's progress1 #aeh-m4 ,reward comes rarely to those who prepare the way1 #bcj-u4 ,reward1 for eminent services ingratitude is often the only1 #caf-m4 ,reward for good work rarely obtained in lifetime1 #caf-m4 ,reward of those who assail hoary abuses or vested wrongs1 #aeg-m4 ,reward1 who entitled in the future to1 #agb-m4 ,rewards and punishment1 merit of righteousness follow from the presence of evil1 #gig-m4 ,rig ,veda ,sanhita contains ,hymns addressed to the ,heavens and ,earth1 #hej-l4 ,right agrees with justice and stands1 #hcj-u4 ,right and left completes human ,unity2 primitive man of both sexes1 #gga-u4 ,right angle triangle has its angles indicated by the columns1 #hfa-m4 ,right angle triangle in diagram and described1 #ghi-m4 ,right angle triangle represents man as a union of the spiritual and material1 #hfa-m4 ,right angled triangle of ,pythagoras represented the world1 #fca-m4 ,right angled triangle1 the ,g4 ,master's square2 the #dgth problem1 in the ,stars1 #dhg-m4 ,right doing better than right thinking1 #ce-m4 ,right has a continual and progressive march of triumph1 #hce-l4 ,right to be done because it is right1 #bai-l4 ,right to dictate what shall be believed belongs to no man or men1 #bi-m4 ,right to govern vested in the ablest1 wisest1 best1 #bjc-l4 ,right1 under ,necessity1 to slay2 no right to torture1 because not necessary1 #hcb-u4 ,righteous shall dwell in ,gimli or ,vingolf with ,god1 according to the ,edda1 #fai-m4 ,rightfulness of many actions difficult to prove from our standpoint1 #hcj-m4 ,rights1 inalienable1 #bd-u4 ,rights of man must be respected by ,god1 the essence of justice1 #gjd-m4 ,rigor impregnated by ,love through ,benignity produced the brain of ,microprosopos1 #gif-u4 ,rigor1 perfect1 denoted by the ,mother1 female4 #gie-l4 ,ring given as a symbol of ,divine protection and an emblem of ,perfection4 #dca-u4 ,rings and ,globes encircled by serpents common on ancient monuments1 #ejj-m4 ,rishis3 ,patriarchs of the primitive world known as the seven great1 #fbc-l4 ,rites and ceremonies of ,mysteries invented by the ,priests1 #ced-m4 ,robe2 candidate in the ,indian ,mysteries invested in a white1 #dbh-m4 ,robes of white are symbols of candor1 purity1 truth1 #eci-u4 ,robes presented to candidates alluded to the ,heavens and starry signs1 #ejf-l4 ,robes1 the initiates were clothed in linen1 #chg-l4 ,robespierres in period of convulsion1 #cj-l4 ,rod of ,bakchos cast on the ground becomes a serpent1 #dbb-u4 ,rod of ,bakchos divided the waters of rivers and he crossed dry1 #dbb-u4 ,roman de la ,rose and ,dante's ,commedia are two opposite forms of the one work1 #hbc-u4 ,roman de la ,rose borrowed from the ,high ,kabalah1 #gcc-u4 ,roman de la ,rose completed by ,chopinel1 begun by de ,lorris1 #hbc-u4 ,roman de la ,rose expresses the mysterious meaning of ,dante's poem1 #gcc-u4 ,roman de la ,rose is the ,epic of ,old ,france2 a profound book1 #hbc-u4 ,roman de la ,rose3 the accomplishment of the ,great ,work the ,key of the1 #hba-l4 ,roman ,games represented the course of the ,sun1 from ,east to ,west1 seven of them1 #dfd-m4 ,roman1 words of the great1 #aga-l4 ,roman year began at the ,vernal ,equinox2 also that of the ,persians1 #dff-u4 ,rome3 early ,christians fled from persecution to the ,catacombs of1 #edb-u4 ,rome more intolerant of heresy than of vice and crime1 #hbj-m4 ,root above is represented by the needle of the ,balance1 #gih-m4 ,rose anciently sacred to ,aurora and the ,sun1 symbol of ,dawn1 #bia-u4 ,rose1 as a symbol1 explained in ,kabalistic ,commentaries on the ,canticles1 #hba-l4 ,rose conquered by ,science2 the ,cross established by ,religion1 #hba-l4 ,rose ,croix ,adepts respected the dominant and revealed religion1 #hbb-u4 ,rose ,croix ,adepts united with ,templars and founded a ,mystic ,sect1 #hba-m4 ,rose ,croix associations2 the ,absolute became the reason for the rites of the1 #hdj-m4 ,rose ,croix ,degree1 meaning of the symbols of the1 #cjh-u4 ,rose ,croix ,degree not closed to any good man of any faith1 #bij-u4 ,rose ,croix ,degree1 opinion of ,christ as propounded in the1 #cjh-m4 ,rose ,croix ,degree symbolizes the triumph of good over evil1 #cjg-l4 ,rose ,croix ,degree teaches belief in no particular creed1 #cjh-m4 ,rose ,croix ,degree teaches that notwithstanding ,evil all is right1 #cjg-l4 ,rose ,croix ,degree1 the #ahth2 application of the symbols of the1 #bgf-m4 ,rose ,croix1 lamentations and doubts expressed in the ,degree of1 #bib-bii4 ,rose ,croix1 obligations1 rules1 philosophy of the ancient1 #bhi-m4 ,rose ,croix1 of no importance are differences of opinion regarding the ,degree of1 #bij-u4 ,rose ,croix of the ,hermetics and ,kabalists1 #ghe-gij4 ,rose ,croix1 only those instructed in ,symbolic ,degrees admitted to the ,degree of1 #bij-u4 ,rose ,croix secrets in allegory in the ,roman de la ,rose and ,divine ,commedia1 #hbc-u4 ,rose ,croix symbol first publicly expounded by ,dante1 #hbb-l4 ,rose ,croix1 symbolism of the ,degree of1 #bij-bib4 ,rose ,croix1 various interpretations1 and ceremonies of the degree of1 #bhi-l4 ,rose ,cross established by ,science and ,religion1 #hba-l4 ,rose of ,flamel1 that of ,jean de ,meung1 that of ,dante1 grew on the same stem1 #hbc-u4 ,rose of ,jericho1 propagation of the1 #if-m4 ,rose of light in the center of which a human form extends its arm in the form of a cross1 #hbb-m4 ,rose1 the emblem of beauty1 life1 love1 pleasure2 the sign of the accomplishment of the ,great ,work1 #hba-l4 ,rose1 the living symbol of the revelation of the harmonies of being1 #hba-l4 ,rose united to the ,cross the problem proposed by ,high ,initiation1 #hba-l4 ,rouge-,croix vows demanded giving aid1 support1 succor1 #hjb-l4 ,rough ,ashlar prepared by aid of the ,square1 ,level1 ,plumb1 ,balance1 #ghg-m4 ,rousseau1 through the ages will ring the words of1 #dc-u4 ,royal ,arch ,degree1 symbolism of veils1 colors1 banners of the1 #dji-l4 ,royal ,arch figures1 ,lion1 ,ox1 ,man1 ,eagle2 origin of1 #dfa-m4 ,royal ,arch ,masonry1 explanation of the figures on the banner of1 #ddh-m4 ,royal ,arch of ,solomon1 #acth ,degree1 allegory or history of1 #bjd-u4 ,royal ,art1 a name given by the ,adapts to ,magism1 #hdb-u4 ,royal ,secret makes possible the ,holy ,empire of ,masonic ,brotherhood1 #hfa-l4 ,ruach1 from the world ,yezirah1 the ,vav of the ,tetragrammaton1 #geg-u4 ,ruach1 the next higher spiritual part1 or ,spirit1 #geg-,u4 ,rule1 ,law and ,order symbolized by the #bd-;inch1 #e-u4 ,ruler of the ,universe found by attention to the world of self1 #ejh-l4 ,s ,sabaoth1 one of the seven ,reflections of the ,ophites1 #efc-m4 ,sabbat1 brother of the ,serpent1 represents the ,evil ,force or ,devil1 #ajb-l4 ,sabean ,researches by ,landseer suggests an ,osirian theory1 #dhc-dhg4 ,sabeans recognized the ,sun as the outshining1 but not as the type of power1 #gdj-l4 ,sabeans taught that the heavens and spheres were part of the ,universal soul1 #ffi-m4 ,sabeans1 worshippers of ,stars1 held a great feast at the ,vernal ,equinox1 #deh-u4 ,saduceeism arose from opposition to foreign teachings of the ,pharisees1 #bei-l4 ,sacrament of three ,degrees1 purification1 initiation1 perfection1 #edc-l4 ,sacramental observances commemorate--1 #cic-l4 ,sacraments of the ,catholic church found in ,mysteries of ,mithra1 #eda-l4 ,sacred ,name1 ,hebrews forbidden to pronounce2 substitute1 #bja-m4 ,sacred name represented by the triple tau with circle and triangle1 #ejc-m4 ,sacred ,name1 true pronunciation of the1 #bjd-m4 ,sacred number three called the perfect number1 #e-l4 ,sacred ,numbers always appear together in the ,heavens1 #dhg-u4 ,sacred numbers among the ,etruscans1 ,jews1 ,egyptians1 ,hindus1 #fcb-m4 ,sacred numbers contained in the nine ,sephiroth1 #cbc-m4 ,sacred numbers included in the faces and lines of a cube1 #e-l4 ,sacred traditions flowed through the most ancient nations1 #eii-l4 ,sacred ,triad represented by the triple tau with circle and triangle1 #ejc-m4 ,sacrifice of self may be an act of justice1 #hcc-l4 ,sacrifice of self not implied by self restraint1 #fif-m4 ,sacrifices accounted for by preponderance of ,god's sternness over mercy1 #fhg-l4 ,sacrifices made1 skins of victims trampled on1 #dcb-m4 ,sage1 work of the1 #g-m4 ,sages1 barbarian and ,greek1 conveyed their meanings in visible symbols1 #cga-m4 ,sages of ,alexandria had an unspeakable word pronounced ,ararita1 #gbh-u4 ,sagitarius chasing the ,wolf1 the emblem of ,benjamin1 the hunter1 #dfa-l4 ,saint ,bartholomew1 ,eve of1 #di-l4 ,saint ,john1 ,apostle1 read the language of ,philo1 #ajj-u4 ,saint ,john said ,christ was the ,light that was the life of men1 #gdc-l4 ,saint ,john the father of the ,gnostics1 #hag-m4 ,saint ,thomas declares in reference to the moral laws1 #gcg-m4 ,saints and martyrs developed out of previous mythical beings1 #fec-u4 ,sakya of the ,hindus called ,gautama1 ,somonkodom1 ,chy-,kia or ,fo1 #eea-m4 ,salam1 meaning of word2 similarity to ,salaa1 a rock1 #bcd-u4 ,sallust defines and explains the objects of the ,mysteries1 #dae-l4 ,sallust1 the philosopher1 remarks on the relation of the soul to the ,mysteries1 #djd-l4 ,salsette1 ,initiations consummated in the three hundred apartments of1 #cfa-u4 ,salt and ,sulphur serve in ,hermetic work only to prepare the mercury1 #gge-m4 ,salt and water used for purification1 #dca-l4 ,salt expressed by the letter ,m1 the initial letter of the ,hebrew word1 ,malakh1 #ghj-m4 ,salt of ,philosophy is ,wisdom1 #gij-u4 ,salt1 one of the great symbols of the ,alchemists1 #eg-l4 ,salt1 ,sulphur1 ,mercury1 separated from the rough ,ashlar by ,masonic implements1 #ghg-m4 ,salt1 ,sulphur1 ,spirit1 produce ,solidity2 ,softness1 spiritual1 vaporous particles1 #ghj-u4 ,salt represented by the ,hermetics under the form of a cubical stone1 #gge-l4 ,salt represents to ,hermeticists ,absolute ,matter1 regenerated by ,azoth1 #ggh-m4 ,salt1 with the ,hermetics1 corresponds with the ,earth1 #ggc-l4 ,salutary number is six1 contains the source of our happiness1 #fbh-m4 ,samaneans1 a ,society of ,buddhist ,prophets1 belief of1 #bgg-l4 ,samaritan invented the accusation of ,christians worshipping an ass1 #ajc-u4 ,samothrace1 ,mysteries of ,cabiri celebrated at1 #djg-u4 ,samothrace settled by ancient ,pelasgi1 ,asiatic ,colonists1 #dbf-u4 ,samothrace the location of celebrated ,mysteries1 #dbf-dbg4 ,sandalphon1 one of the ,chiefs of the ,kabalistic ,angels1 #ghd-l4 ,sanscrit stanzas in reference to the nature of ,god1 #gda-m4 ,sapientia1 ,hakemah1 ,the ,head of that which is non-existent as applied to ,kadmon1 #geh-u4 ,satan1 by consent1 made ,adam1 his soul of ,divine ,light1 his body of matter1 #efg-u4 ,satan confounded by the ,jews with ,ahriman and the ,dragon1 #beh-u4 ,satan created and governs the visible world1 #efg-l4 ,satan means in ,hebrew simply ,the ,adversity1 #ffa-m4 ,satan of ,gnosticism confounded with ,matter1 #bee-u4 ,satan1 the ,evil ,god1 the ,genius of matter alone1 #efe-l4 ,satan1 the negation of ,god2 true name of1 ,yahveh1 reversed1 #ajb-l4 ,satan the result of the reflection of ,ialdaboth on matter1 #efc-m4 ,satan1 the son and lord of matter2 demons the children of matter1 #efg-l4 ,satan1 ,yahveh reversed the true name of1 #ajb-l4 ,satan's ,eons1 or ,demons1 were divided among themselves1 #eff-u4 ,saturn gives the ,soul the logical and contemplative faculty as it passes through1 #dci-m4 ,saturn represents ,temperance1 #gbg-l4 ,saturn1 the name of the first gate of the ladder2 material1 lead1 #dad-m4 ,saviour died upon the cross of expiation to redeem man in pledge1 #efg-l4 ,saviour is the ,logos made man1 #hdh-u4 ,saviour of the ,soul represented by ,dionusos1 #eai-u4 ,saviour symbolized by the ,word of a ,master1 #fdb-u4 ,saviour1 the first of creatures1 created by the direct will of ,god1 #efd-l4 ,saviour united with his ,sister1 ,wisdom1 descended through the regions of the seven angels1 #efc-l4 ,saviour with ,wisdom entered into ,jesus at his baptism1 #efc-l4 ,savitri1 the ,progenitor1 a ,vedic ,sun ,god1 #fjb-l4 ,scandinavian deities1 ,thor and ,odin1 subordinate to ,alfader1 #eih-u4 ,scandinavian name for the ,sun was ,arkaleus or ,hercules1 #ehg-u4 ,scandinavian three-lettered name of ,deity1 ,i1 ,o1 ,w1 #fcb-l4 ,scandinavians believed in the ,author of everything that existed1 #fah-m4 ,scandinavians lamented the death of ,balder torn in pieces1 #eie-u4 ,scandinavians typified the ,trinity by ,odin1 ,frea1 ,thor1 #eeb-u4 ,schimeon ,ben ,jochai1 ,rabbi1 describes the mysterious chariot1 #gih-l4 ,school of life1 hard lessons in2 be faithful in1 #ahd-u4 ,science a progressive mediation between ignorance and wisdom with happiness as the object1 #gaa-u4 ,science and ,religion1 when progressive1 are identical in interests and aims1 #gaj-m4 ,science at the bottom of ,magic1 #gcj-l4 ,science became concealed under ,christian disguises after ,hypatia1 #gcb-l4 ,science concealed itself to avoid the aggressions of a blind love1 #gcj-l4 ,science consists of--1 #be-m4 ,science consists of matured inferences from confirmed experience1 #gaa-u4 ,science deals only with phenomena and does not know what light or sound is1 #haj-u4 ,science has its ,new ,testament and ,philosophy its beatitudes1 #gad-m4 ,science is moral as well as intellectual1 #gaa-l4 ,science1 ,masonry the lineal descendant of the higher1 #bec-l4 ,science1 ,moses1 ,high ,priests1 ,solomon1 ,prophets1 in possession of the higher1 #bec-l4 ,science1 object of political1 #bf-l4 ,science of ,magism engraved on stone by ,enoch and ,trismegistus1 #hci-l4 ,science of the discovery of ,truth the most sublime to which mortal can aspire1 #ghe-l4 ,science of the ,hermetics given by ,paracelsus1 ,flamel1 ,raymond ,lulle1 #ggd-l4 ,science overcome in ,alexandria by the fanaticism of ,christians1 #gcb-l4 ,science powerless against the forces of nature1 #haj-hab4 ,science rests on reason and experience1 #ggf-u4 ,science substitutes ,forces for ,god's supervision of the ,universe1 #hji-m4 ,science teaches the magnitude of the ,universe1 #gaa-m4 ,science teaches that man is not the central point of the ,universe1 #gaa-m4 ,science1 the higher1 known as the ,knowledge of the ,word1 #bec-l4 ,science1 which is the reflection of ,god's glory1 receives the ,seal of ,his ,eternity1 #hdb-l4 ,sciences3 ,astrology generally practiced and deemed the mother of1 #dfc-u4 ,sciences originally concealed in ,sanctuaries opened up by the ,sohar1 #hdc-l4 ,scientific footprints discovered in the ,symbolism of the ,ancients1 #hdb-l4 ,sclavono-,vendes typified the ,trinity by the three heads of ,trigtav1 #eea-l4 ,scorpio named because hot winds were venomous like reptiles1 #ddf-m4 ,scorpio1 ,osiris loses his life and virility under the sign1 #dgh-l4 ,scorpio3 red ,antares1 one of the ,stars marking ,solstitial points1 etc1 #def-u4 ,scorpio1 the reign of ,typhon began when the ,sun entered1 #def-u4 ,scorpion bites the ,equinoxial ,bull on which sits ,mithras1 #dgh-l4 ,scorpion or ,serpent stings the ,bull and ,orion at ,autumnal ,equinox1 #dff-l4 ,scorpion represented by a ,snake1 generally1 a ,scorpion1 a sign accursed1 #def-u4 ,scottish ,elder ,master and ,knight of ,st4 ,andrew1 the #dth ,degree of ,ramsay1 #ggi-l4 ,scottish ,knight of ,st4 ,andrew1 the #bith ,degree1 #hja4 ,scottish ,rite a teacher of great ,truths1 #cbh-l4 ,scottish ,rite ,degrees1 meanings of pompous titles1 #cbg-u4 ,scottish ,rite ,degrees were insignificant and merely communicated1 #cbf-m4 ,scottish ,rite1 in any country1 under any opinion1 are conferred the degrees of the1 #cbi-l4 ,scottish ,rite intended to be a ,teacher of ,mankind1 #ccb-l4 ,scottish ,rite philosophy1 teachings in reference to the soul and ,deity1 #hee-u4 ,scottish ,rite teaches humanity where domestic slavery exists1 #ccj-u4 ,scottish ,rite teaches to its initiates in all its degrees--1 #cbi-l4 ,scottish ,rite teachings concerning the employed and employer1 #ccj-m4 ,scottish ,rite1 the five principal divisions of the1 #bjb-u4 ,scottish ,rite the ,preacher of ,liberty1 ,equality1 ,fraternity1 #cbi-l4 ,scriptures1 first written by ,god on the ,earth and ,heavens1 #be-l4 ,scriptures have an inner and an outer meaning1 #bff-u4 ,scriptures1 the ,essenes believed in the ,esoteric and ,exoteric meaning of the1 #bfe-l4 ,scriptures1 the literal meaning for the vulgar only1 #bej-l4 ,scythia3 ,hercules begets with a ,dragon the three ancestors of1 #dih-m4 ,scythian name for the ,sun was ,arcaleus or ,hercules1 #ehg-u4 ,scythians lamented the death of ,acmon1 #eid-l4 ,scythians made the earth the wife of ,jupiter1 #feh-m4 ,seal of the ,templars1 originally two ,knights on a single horse1 changed to the device of a ,lamb1 #hjb-u4 ,seals1 coins1 medals impressed with ,zodiac and signs1 #dfb-l4 ,second day of ,greek ,mysteries initiates were purified in the sea1 #dcc-m4 ,second day of the second month dedicated to the manes of the dead1 #fcj-m4 ,second ,degree1 ,fellow-,craft1 #bb-u4 ,second month in the year dedicated to ,pluto1 ,god of ,hell1 #fcj-m4 ,secrecy enjoined on the ,initiates very strict2 penalties for violation1 #chd-u4 ,secrecy indispensable in a ,mason of whatever ,degree1 #aji-m4 ,secrecy of the ,christian ,mysteries1 #edd-edg4 ,secrecy required to be pledged before giving dogmas1 #dcb-m4 ,secret ,discipline traced to the commencement of the ,christian ,era1 #edg-u4 ,secret ,doctrine superior to that of the ,gospels claimed by the ,gnostics1 #edb-l4 ,secret knowledge of the ,grand ,scottish ,master relates to the transmutation of substances1 #ghj-u4 ,secret1 ,masonic1 revealed as ,degrees are taken1 #bai-u4 ,secret ,master1 #dth ,degree1 #ajf-u4 ,secret of ,masonry discovered in its symbols and work1 #bah-4u ,secret of the ,grand ,arcanum1 ,royalty of ,sages1 ,crown of ,initiate1 #aja-l4 ,secret of the great work sought by the aspirants1 #gcc-u4 ,secret of the ,occult ,sciences is that of ,nature itself1 #hdd-u4 ,secret of the ,sohar necessary to enable one to make use of it1 #hdc-l4 ,secret of the ,stone is the extraction of salt from all matter1 #ggi-u4 ,secret of the ,universal ,equilibrium is the ,royal ,secret1 #hei-u4 ,secret ,orders and ,associations had two doctrines1 one concealed1 #hag-l4 ,secret3 the ,mystery of the ,balance is the ,royal1 #heh-l4 ,secret traditions of the ,kabalah contain a perfect ,theology1 #hdc-l4 ,secret1 ,triple1 of the ,great ,work represented by--1 #ajd-l4 ,secrets of a brother to be kept if ,law warrants1 #aji-l4 ,secrets of ,ancient ,masons concealed under enigmas and parables1 #ghe-l4 ,secrets of ,masonry2 ,religions1 ,mysteries1 ,hermeticism1 concealed1 #ajd-l4 ,secrets of the ,kabala contained in the ternarys of the ,evangelic ,symbols1 #gcj-l4 ,secrets of the ,temple1 the revolution of the earth around the ,sun one of the1 #hdc-u4 ,sect1 ,masonry neither a political nor a religious1 #bbj-l4 ,sects1 ,masonry embraces all parties and sects to form--1 #bbj-l4 ,seers living in the hope of being crowned1 rend crowns and tread on them1 #hdd-l4 ,seeva1 with ,bramah and ,vishnu1 manifestations of the ,one ,deity1 #bje-u4 ,seir ,aupin or ,microprosopos1 ,arik ,aupin1 or ,macroprosopos1 #gii-m4 ,self consciousness leads to consciousness of ,god1 #gji-m4 ,self-denial1 patience1 humility1 essential qualities of a ,knight of ,st4 ,andrew1 #hja-l4 ,self limitation the first passing of a hidden ,deity to manifestation1 #eee-m4 ,self preservation may1 in cases1 be the just and right thing to do1 #hcf-u4 ,self restraint does not imply self sacrifice1 #fif-m4 ,selfishness the great stumbling block in the way of doing good1 #gbj4 ,senary applied to the physical man2 the septenary to his spirit1 #fcd-l4 ,seneca compared ,philosophy to ,initiation1 #chd-l4 ,senses and appetites incite to great deeds1 give strength1 are useful servants1 #hfj-l4 ,senses are mysteries to us1 #ebh4 ,senses are not the witnesses that bear testimony to the loftiest ,truths1 #efi-u4 ,sentence written against the unjust in the nature of the ,universe1 #hcg-l4 ,sentiment1 deficiencies and inefficiency of mere1 #adh-adi4 ,sentiment warms and inclines to action2 truth enlightens and illumines1 #gbe-m4 ,sentiments play an important part in morality1 #gbe-m4 ,sephar ,yezirah1 one of the completest embodiments of ,occultism1 #cba-m4 ,sephiroth1 according to the ,kabalistic idea1 #gfe-u4 ,sephiroth are a triple triangle and a circle1 #gfi-l4 ,sephiroth are ,attributes of ,god by which ,he reveals ,himself1 #bfg-l4 ,sephiroth are ,ideas and ,rays of the ,infinite not separated from ,it1 #gei-m4 ,sephiroth are the cause of existence of everything through certain media1 #gei-m4 ,sephiroth arranged in three columns according to the book ,omschim1 #geg-m4 ,sephiroth changed from the spherical form to the form of a person1 #geg-m4 ,sephiroth described and their modes and actions explained1 #gfa-m4 ,sephiroth diagrammatically arranged1 #ggj4 ,sephiroth emanate from the ,first ,cause1 and are the media which manifest ,it1 #gfa-u4 ,sephiroth emanating from ,deity were the rays of ,his ,splendor1 #gdb-u4 ,sephiroth1 explanation of the last nine1 #cbc-m4 ,sephiroth figured as constituting a human form1 #cbb-l4 ,sephiroth from whose equilibrium results eternal permanency and ,stability1 #gcf-l4 ,sephiroth of the ,kabala constituted the ,ancient of ,days1 #gbg-m4 ,sephiroth of the ,kabalah1 significance and numbers of the1 #cbb-cbc4 ,sephiroth or ,emanations1 names of the ten1 #bfg-m4 ,sephiroth or ,emanations of ,deity symbolized by lights1 #bjb-l4 ,sephiroth or rays the emanations or outflowings of ,deity1 names1 #eeb-m4 ,sephiroth3 seven metals represented by the seven lower1 #gih-l4 ,sephiroth so constituted that it was not necessary to frame worlds from the first nine of them1 #ged-u4 ,sephiroth1 sometimes called the ,persons of the ,deity1 are ,his ,rays1 #gdh-m4 ,sephiroth3 ,splendor or ,perfection of ,deity represented by the eighth1 #gcf-l4 ,sephiroth1 ten1 proceed from ,malakoth of the several worlds1 #ghd-l4 ,sephiroth1 the means through which ,deity is the ,single ,cause of ,all1 #gei-m4 ,sephiroth1 ,theology of the1 #ii-m4 ,sephiroth3 unlimited ,power represented by the seventh1 #gcf-l4 ,sephiroth3 ,victory1 ,glory1 ,stability1 ,dominion1 are the last four1 #hdh-l4 ,sephirothic tables contain a numeration called ,daath1 cognition1 #geg-l4 ,sephiroths1 seven and eight1 in equilibrium1 cause the ninth and4 tenth1 #gcf-l4 ,septenaries1 there is silence in ,heaven after each of the1 #cba-u4 ,septenary philosophy of ,initiation may be summed up as--1 #cbb-u4 ,septenary unites the triangle of ,idea to the square of ,form1 becoming the ,crown1 #cba-l4 ,septenary universally in repute1 #fce-u4 ,serapis represented with a human head and serpentine tail1 #ejj-m4 ,serapis1 the name of the ,sun to his adorers on the ,nile1 #ehg-l4 ,serpent an emblem of eternity and immortality1 #dif-l4 ,serpents and ,dragons have something divine in their nature1 #did-m4 ,serpent and the bull used as symbols in ,bakchian ,mysteries1 #dbj-u4 ,serpent1 brazen1 erected by ,moses1 a good genius1 #bgh-l4 ,serpent called ,agathodemon1 the good ,spirit1 #die-u4 ,serpent1 considered a good genius2 symbolism of the1 #bgh-l4 ,serpent devouring its own tail a symbol of the ,life principle1 #gcd-m4 ,serpent engenders the ,bull and the ,bull the ,serpent2 explanation1 #dic-did-u4 ,serpents entwined around and suspended from winged ,globe1 #dib-m4 ,serpents fed in ,temples and were immortal1 #did-m4 ,serpents figure in ,mysteries and at ,feasts1 #did-m4 ,serpent form assumed by ,typhon1 ,ahriman1 ,satan1 #ffa-l4 ,serpents held by goddesses in ,egypt and ,assyria1 #die-l4 ,serpent in connection with astronomical observations1 #dib-l4 ,serpent known to ,orientals under generic name of ,eva1 #did-u4 ,serpent legends and references1 general1 #dib-ejb4 ,serpent represents ,typhon2 it is also a symbol of winter1 #cgf-m4 ,serpent the author of the fate of ,souls2 ,hebrews and ,gnostics1 #dib-m4 ,serpent the peculiar symbol of the #beth ,degree1 #dib-m4 ,serpent was ,oesculapius1 ,god of ,healing2 ,feast of--1 #dic-m--#dif4 ,serpent with a globe or circle found on all ancients' monuments1 #dib-l4 ,servius states that when beings die life returns to the ,universal ,soul1 #fff-l4 ,seth1 a power set up as an adversary of ,osiris1 #ehh-u4 ,seth's descendants preserved the primitive religion1 #eii-m4 ,seven a peculiarly sacred number2 symbolism of1 #eh-l4 ,seven ,archangels assigned to the government of the ,seven ,planets1 #gbg-u4 ,seven as a symbolic number in the ,kabalah1 #cbb4 ,seven as composed of three and four in a word of four letters1 symbolic meaning of1 #gbh-m4 ,seven circular walls of the palace of ,deioces in ,ecbatana1 each colored1 #gbi-u4 ,seven composed of six and unity1 #fce-u4 ,seven composed of three and four2 the magical power in full force1 #gbg-m4 ,seven concentric spheres the residence of the ,universal ,soul1 #ffh-u4 ,seven connected with the number of the ,planets1 #fce-u4 ,seven ears of wheat in ,pharaoh's dream interpreted by ,joseph1 #gbi-u4 ,seven expresses all the elements of the ,magical ,mystery symbolized by the ,sphinx1 #gbh-u4 ,seven ,genii of the ,ancient ,mythologies1 #gbg-l4 ,seven golden candlesticks1 symbol in ,revelations1 #ec-l4 ,seven great nations prayed three times a day turning toward the ,north ,pole1 #deg-l4 ,seven immersions alluded to the seven spheres a soul plunged through1 #ejf-l4 ,seven jewels on neck and limbs of woman who died during famine1 #gbi-m4 ,seven metals1 one each assigned to the planets2 ,gold to the ,sun1 ,silver to the ,moon1 #gbh-l4 ,seven1 mysteries1 difficulties1 trumpets1 cups in the ,apocalypse1 #cba-u4 ,seven notes in the musical octave corresponded with the ,sephiroth1 #gbg-m4 ,seven planets designated by the seven vowels of the ,greek language1 #gbh-m4 ,seven1 references to the number1 #bcc-m4 ,seven rivers of the ,punjaub gave the ,veda1 #fjb-m4 ,seven seals on the ,kabalistic book of the ,apocalypse1 #gbg-l4 ,seven ,secondary ,causes governed the ,world2 the universal forces1 #gbg-u4 ,seven ,sephiroth constituted ,atik ,yomin and corresponded with the seven colors1 #gbg-m4 ,seven ,sephiroth projected from ,binah by the energy of ,hakemah1 #gef-l4 ,seven spheres of ,borsippa or pyramid of ,bel1 at ,babylon1 each colored1 #gbi-u4 ,seven stages of the ,babylonish pyramid represents--1 #bcd-m4 ,seven stars1 symbol in ,revelations1 #ec-l4 ,seven ,stars the familiar name of the ,pleiades1 connected with ,orion1 #dhi-l4 ,seven ,stars the prison of the disobedient ,stars and ,heavenly ,host1 #eaa-u4 ,seven ,stars1 ,ursa ,major1 ,great ,bear1 circle around the ,north ,pole1 #def-m4 ,seven steps of ,solomon's ,temple symbolize the sevenfold purification of the ,masters1 #ghj-l4 ,seven steps of the ,mithraic ladder1 #bcc-l4 ,seven symbolized life for the ,egyptians1 #fce-m4 ,seven1 the ,holy ,empire of the clavicules of ,solomon1 #gbg-m4 ,seven1 the number of the ,master's ,degree1 from the ,pleiades1 #dhg-u4 ,seven1 the sacred number in all theogonies and symbols1 #gbg-m4 ,seven1 the ,spirit assisted by the elemental powers1 #gbg-m4 ,seven1 the ,soul served by ,nature1 #gbg-m4 ,seven vices and seven virtues1 #gbg-l4 ,seven virtues symbolized by the then known planets1 #gbg-l4 ,seven vowels in the ,greek language designated the seven planets1 #gbh-m4 ,seven ,wonders of the ,world2 seven lines that composed the ,pyramids2 seven gates of ,thebes1 #cbb-u4 ,sevenfold light symbolized by the seven steps leading to the ,outer ,court of the ,temple1 #ghb-m4 ,sevenfold manipulation and purification in the transmutation of metals1 #ghj-l4 ,seven-stepped ladder represents the seven planetary spheres1 #hea-l4 ,seventeenth ,degree1 doctrines and teachings of the1 #bgd-l4 ,seventeenth ,degree1 ,knight of the ,east and ,west1 first of the ,philosophical ,degrees1 #bdf-l4 ,seventh day of ,greek ,mysteries gymnastic exercises1 etc1 #dcd-u4 ,seventh letter of the ,egyptian alphabet1 a serpent standing on its tail1 #ejj-m4 ,severities of ,microprosopos are the ,evil1 #gie-m4 ,severity the mystery of pleasure and warmth of generative appetite1 #gig-m4 ,sex form of primitive man was that of both2 right and left refers to it1 #gga-u4 ,sexes assigned to the causes of nature1 #fee-m4 ,sexual characteristics are not assigned to ,deity by the ,kabalah1 #gfe-m4 ,sexual characteristics symbolically assigned to some of the ,emanations1 #gff-u4 ,sexual3 meaning of obscure language of the ,kabalah1 revealed by the ,name being bi-1 #hdi-m4 ,shadai1 ,supreme ,power1 one of the names of ,deity on the ,delta1 #ecb-u4 ,shadow carried with every planet or sphere not a center of ,light1 #hde-m4 ,shadow follows from visible light in direct proportion1 #hdg-l4 ,shadow of ,god is immortality3 ,whose shadow is death1 ,sanscrit stanza1 #gda-m4 ,shadow1 the absence of ,divine ,light in a soul causes the awful1 #cjj-u4 ,shadow which accompanies the light representing ,hule1 #eef-u4 ,shadow1 without ,light there can be no1 #cjg-l4 ,shadows effaced the ,light is annulled1 #hdh-u4 ,she and ,he in ,aramtic1 ,hebrew and ,arabic1 #gjj-u4 ,shekinah1 ,god in-dwelling1 the place where ,yod ,he1 ,vav-,he1 dwelt1 #gej-u4 ,shekinah1 the garment which by the third retraction was left empty of the light1 #gej-u4 ,shepherd ,kings had ,crux ,ansata for a symbol of royalty1 #ejb-l4 ,shew ,bread1 the twelve months represented by the #ab loaves of1 #dji-m4 ,ship1 in ,hebrew1 is ,ani2 the same word means ,i1 ,me or ,myself1 #gha-m4 ,ship3 in the transmutation of metals a vessel is used having the form of a1 #gha-u4 ,sicilian ,mysteries known as the ,academy of ,sciences1 #fbe-u4 ,sicilian ,vespers referred to1 #di-l4 ,sign of the #hth ,degree expressive of--1 #acg-m4 ,significance of words not known till things are taken away1 #aij-u4 ,signs1 symbols1 watchwords used by early ,christians1 #edd-m4 ,silence regarding the ,holy ,spirit due to the awe of the ,highest ,mysteries1 #hdi-l4 ,silence1 otherwise the ,thought of ,god1 produced the ,spirit1 #efc-u4 ,silenus1 ,the preceptor of the ,soul1 a characteristic ,bacchic ,sage1 #cib-l4 ,silver assigned to the ,moon1 #gbi-u4 ,simeon and ,levy had for device the two fishes of ,pices1 #dfb-u4 ,simon ,magus advanced the theory of ,existences to solve the origin of things1 #eec-u4 ,simon ,magus1 founder of the ,gnostics1 on the manifestations of ,god1 #bgj-m4 ,simon ,magus taught that the ,supreme ,being produced three couples of--1 #eeb-l4 ,simon of ,cyrene crucified instead of ,christ1 #eed-u4 ,simple life of our ancestors preferable to the showy1 loud1 of today1 #hjf-l4 ,simplicius held that in each ,star there is an immortal ,soul1 #fga-m4 ,sin and evil reconciled with the wisdom and beneficence of ,god1 #fhf-u4 ,sin being congenital with ,humanity1 ,god's ,justice would have annihilated man1 #hdf-u4 ,siphra de ,zeniutha contains reference to the ,book of the ,abstruse1 #gfb-m4 ,siphra de ,zeniutha states that ,yod is the symbol of ,wisdom1 #gib-l4 ,siphra de ,zeniutha1 the ,commentary of ,rabbi ,chajun ,vital1 #gid-m4 ,sipra de ,zeniutha states that the ,active and ,passive are always in conjunction1 #gff-l4 ,sirius made sentinel of the heavens by ,ormuzd1 #ffb-l4 ,sirius or the ,dog ,star1 the friend of ,osiris was--1 #cgf-l4 ,sirius rose before the ,sun previous to the swelling of the ,nile1 #ded-l4 ,sirius1 the ,dog ,star1 named because it gave warning of the overflow1 #ddf-m4 ,sisyphus1 ,pausanias claimed that contempt for the ,mysteries caused the punishment of1 #cha-l4 ,siva1 the ,destroying or ,renovating power of the ,hindu ,trinity1 #eej-m4 ,six a symbol of the terrestrial globe animated by a divine spirit1 #fcf-l4 ,six1 an emblem of nature1 presenting the six dimensions1 #fcd-l4 ,six chief ,spirits the progeny of the ,supreme ,god in many theogonys1 #gbh-l4 ,six good and six evil spirits typify the months1 #fce-u4 ,six superior and six inferior signs1 references to ,stars1 #dij-m4 ,six the first perfect number and a symbol of justice1 #fcd-l4 ,sixteenth ,degree1 ,prince of ,jerusalem2 characteristics of the1 #bda-u4 ,sixth day of ,greek ,mysteries1 procession of lakchos1 #dcd-u4 ,sixth ,degree1 ,intimate ,secretary 7,confidential ,secretary71 #aai-u4 ,skull1 initiate in ,druidical ,mysteries seals obligation by drinking out of a1 #dcj-l4 ,sky a solid1 concave arch1 along which journeyed the ,sun1 etc41 #ddc-l4 ,slander and calumny of modern journalism1 #ccd4 ,slavery1 domestic1 considered by the ,scottish ,rite1 #ccj-u4 ,snake2 a new world will emerge from the waters when ,odin kills the great1 #eic-u4 ,social problems1 most important of all1 #ahj-u4 ,social state1 ,god has ordained that life shall be a1 #aig-l4 ,societies and ancient theogonies have a common concealed doctrine1 #gbi-l4 ,society a creation of ,heaven1 #aif-l4 ,society and social state1 teachings of1 #ahc-m4 ,society1 minuteness of regulation required by refined1 #dd-l4 ,society1 religion of1 #bac-u4 ,society1 the unobserved and invisible the most beautiful in1 #ada-m4 ,socrates accused of ,atheism1 #chd-l4 ,socrates assumed the title of a lover of truth1 #fia-l4 ,socrates believed in a ,universal ,reason pervading all things1 #fic-u4 ,socrates claimed that the ,initiates had glorious hopes of eternity1 #cgi-l4 ,socrates confessed to the failure of philosophy1 #fic-l4 ,socrates expounded the higher ,greek religious ideas1 #fag-m4 ,socrates1 ,masonry revives the wise teachings of1 #bba-m4 ,socrates prostrated himself before the rising ,sun1 #fgh-m4 ,socrates1 the ,grecian philosopher1 saying of1 #agj-u4 ,socrates writes3 ,the initiated will attain the company of the ,gods1 #cgc-m4 ,sohar and ,jezirah1 knowledge of the ,kabalistic doctrines in the books1 #bff-l4 ,sohar declares the mystery of the ,balance or ,equilibrium1 #cje-u4 ,sohar expresses ,ainsoph as ,light because unable to express it by any other word1 #gdj-m4 ,sohar incomprehensible and almost illegible without the ,secret ,key1 #hdc-l4 ,sohar's ,introduction states that ,deity determined to create ,good and ,evil1 #gif-u4 ,sohar one of the completest embodiments of ,occultism1 #cba-m4 ,sohar1 references concerning ,creation in the ,introduction to the1 #gdh-l4 ,sohar says ,everything proceeds according to the ,mystery of the ,balance1 #eeb-m4 ,sohar says the ,ten ,sephiroth have their root with the ,substance of ,him1 #ged-u4 ,sohar terms the ,royal ,secret the ,mystery of the ,balance1 #heh-l4 ,sohar1 the ,key of the ,holy ,books1 opens up the ,sciences of the ,sanctuary1 #hdc-l4 ,sol derived from ,solus1 the ,one1 ,only ,god1 #fcj-m4 ,solid number is twelve2 the foundation of our happiness1 #fbi-u4 ,solomon1 ,lodge represents the ,temple of ,king1 #g-m4 ,solomon represented by a ,lion1 #baj-m4 ,solomon's clavicules refer to the ,holy ,empire2 symbolized1 #gbg-m4 ,solomon's double triangle explained by ,st4 ,john1 #gib-u4 ,solomon's philosophy the basis on which ,masonry is founded1 #ghe-l4 ,solomon's ,star formed by the meeting of the lines of the ,compass of ,science with those of the triangle1 #hda-u4 ,solomon's ,temple a symbol of the ninth and tenth ,sephiroth1 #gcf-l4 ,solomon's ,temple1 after the model of ,ezekiel1 to be rebuilt by the ,templars1 #haf-u4 ,solomon's ,temple1 ground floor of1 #ad-u4 ,solomon's ,temple rebuilt1 the secret dream of ,patriarchs of the ,orient1 #haf-u4 ,solomon's ,temple rebuilt would give ,constantinople the ,romish power1 #haf-u4 ,solomon's throne like that of the ,egyptian ,har-oeri1 #gi-m4 ,solon declares man's destruction comes from himself1 #fij-l4 ,solon quoted1 #cg-u4 ,solstice1 ,winter1 ,mother-night1 the longest night in the year1 festival of the1 #cfh-u4 ,solstices1 ,cancer and ,capricorn1 the ,pillars of ,hercules1 in a ,lodge1 #ejf-u4 ,solstices celebrated by all civilized nations1 #eie-m4 ,solstices represented by ,jachin1 ,boaz1 parallel lines1 point in a circle1 #ejf-u4 ,solstices3 tables giving entrances of the ,sun into the ,solstices1 #dej-u4 ,solstices1 the ,essenes observed the festivals of the1 #bfe-l4 ,soma of nature's offertory imitated by the ,priests from simples1 #fjb-m4 ,son1 ,issue or products2 ,universe proceeding from the two principles1 #hg-m4 ,son of ,man1 ,soul of the ,world1 enters into darkness and softens its savage nature1 #eff-m4 ,son3 the first ,utterance of the ,father1 a perfect ,only begotten1 #efd-m4 ,sons of ,god and the ,stars are identified in ,job1 #eji-m4 ,sophia-,achamoth an inferior wisdom1 produces ,ialdaboth1 #efc-m4 ,sophia-,achamoth caused the ,spiritual ,principle to pass into man1 #efc-m4 ,sophia-,achamoth communicated movements to ,chaos1 #efc-u4 ,sophia-,achamoth in contest with ,ialdaboth1 #efc-m4 ,sophia-,achamoth the companion of ,christos1 #efj-m4 ,sophia or ,demiourgos of the ,gnostics corresponds to ,the ,word1 #bga-l4 ,sorrow1 no tongue utters thoughts that come in1 #ahi-m4 ,sorrow1 ,sin1 ,evil1 ,suffering1 is consistent with ,infinite ,goodness and ,wisdom1 #hei-l4 ,sorrow1 the dog of the shepherd who guides the flock of men1 #aja-m4 ,sosiosch1 the ,persian ,redeemer1 to annihilate evil and judge the4 world1 #fbc-l4 ,sosiosch1 the principal of the ,three ,prophets1 to regenerate the4 earth1 #beh-m4 ,sothis1 the ,dog ,star1 fixed the beginning of the ,egyptian ,new ,year1 #dfg-m4 ,souciet1 a ,chinese book1 describes palace2 ,emperor sacrifices a lamb1 #dfb-m4 ,soul a fragment of the ,universal ,mind1 lapse and reunion1 #fhe-l4 ,soul a number containing the quaternary1 #fcc-u4 ,soul1 a ray of perfect wisdom1 the inextinguishable light1 #fjf-l4 ,soul1 a simple substance struggling to return to the ,great ,soul1 #dag-m4 ,soul1 all1 is part of the ,universal ,soul whose totality is ,dionusos1 #cic-m4 ,soul alone gives value to the things of this world1 #bja-m4 ,soul an emanation from the ,supreme ,being1 but distinguished from ,him1 #fjg-l4 ,soul an external and independent existence1 yet omnipresent1 #fgb-u4 ,soul1 an immaterial spark of ,god's ,infinite ,being1 #ehb-l4 ,soul and ,god are distinct1 according to the ,naya philosophers1 #heb-u4 ,soul ascends to its ,infinite ,source through seven spheres1 #aj-m4 ,soul attaining unto the place of the ,eternal retains its individuality1 #heb-l4 ,soul1 being imperfect1 must be purified before rejoining its source1 #fbb-m4 ,soul1 by comparison with ,fire and ,light the ancients explained the nature of the1 #fe-u4 ,soul1 by study1 attains unto the place of the ,eternal1 #heb-u4 ,soul can not know its creation nor comprehend its own individuality1 #heb-m4 ,soul can reascend only after purification and freedom from the body1 #eba-u4 ,soul capable of improvements1 of becoming wiser and better1 #heb-l4 ,soul capable of seeing more clearly as it draws nearer to ,deity1 the ,light1 #hee-l4 ,soul2 categorical questions concerning the1 #fdi-u4 ,soul claimed to be considered a part of the ,divine1 #fhd-l4 ,soul compared to ,heat and ,light1 which neither lessens nor divides its own essence1 #heb-m4 ,soul considered by ,plato as a principle of movement1 #fha-m4 ,soul contains1 potentially1 that which becomes the body of the child1 #gee-l4 ,soul descends to matter1 by doing and suffering it frees itself and reascends1 #dag-l4 ,soul desiring to animate a body1 descended and was imprisoned in matter1 #dcf-m4 ,soul differs essentially from the body1 #gjf-m4 ,soul does not lose the sense of the ,eternal and ,infinite1 #aij-l4 ,soul1 doubts and despair torture the human1 #bib-bii4 ,soul emancipated by reabsorbtion into the infinite1 #fhf-u4 ,soul exiled on earth2 birthplace in ,heaven1 #ebj-m4 ,soul1 fired by ,love1 uniting with ,nature and itself engendering new productions1 #feh-l4 ,soul forgetful of celestial origin in material fascinations1 #eah-m4 ,soul freed from its debasements will be seen again in its true glory1 #heh-l4 ,soul freed from the body by deeds and suffering reascends to source1 #dci-l4 ,soul gives back to each sphere through which it passes in returning--1 #ddj-u4 ,soul had its origin in ,heaven1 according to the ,ancient ,philosophers1 #dcf-m4 ,soul1 human1 is itself ,god within the mind1 #cic-m4 ,soul illumined by ,truth1 the shadow of which is ,error1 #hde-m4 ,soul in descent receives new material and faculties from each sphere1 #dci-m4 ,soul in nature1 yet not a part of it1 but its ,cause and ,creator1 #fgb-u4 ,soul in progress changes from monad to duad2 results1 #dch-m4 ,soul in the beginning had a thought to create and the worlds were created1 #fji-u4 ,soul incessantly turns its eyes to ,heaven and longs to return1 #ebj-m4 ,soul inherent in the ,universe thought out by the ancients1 #fgb-u4 ,soul1 interest in speculations concerning the fate of the soul1 #bcb-m4 ,soul is capable of remorse1 #aii-u4 ,soul is divine1 an emanation of the ,spirit of ,god1 but not a portion of that ,spirit1 #heb-m4 ,soul is of ,divine nature2 emanation from ,deity1 #gf-l4 ,soul is the image of ,god and existed before the body1 #beb-l4 ,soul is the ,one emanation from ,deity to return to ,him1 #eci-l4 ,soul likened to exhalations or vapor1 #eah-l4 ,soul loses its felicity by means of the ,balance2 regains it by the ,lamb1 #dij-m4 ,soul1 ,masonry teaches the existence and immortality of the1 #bba-m4 ,soul must pass through a series of trials and migrations1 #eah-l4 ,soul1 no obsequies for the lost1 #bjj-u4 ,soul not a mere abstraction1 but a reality including in itself life and thought1 #cig-l4 ,soul not condemned to eternal banishment because imprisoned in the body1 #cib-l4 ,soul of everything that breathes a fraction of the universal soul1 #faj-u4 ,soul or ,intelligence pre-existing given by ,god to the ,body1 #bea-l4 ,soul of ,macroprosopos1 the internal part1 is the ,ancient of ,days1 #geh-u4 ,soul of man an emanation from ,god's spirit1 #bci-l4 ,soul of man1 breathed into him by ,god1 is immortal as ,god's ,thoughts are1 #egg-u4 ,soul of man compared to the ,soul of the ,world1 #ffg-l4 ,soul of man emanated from ,god1 of the same substance with ,god1 #efg-l4 ,soul of man immortal1 according to the ,edda1 #fai-m4 ,soul of ,nature everywhere inherent in the ,universe1 #ffh-u4 ,soul of nature possessed intelligence and to this soul divinity belonged1 #fgj-u4 ,soul of the ,universe does not act equally or in the same manner1 #ffg-l4 ,soul of the ,universe entered man through a separation of the suture of the cranium1 #fji-m4 ,soul of the ,universe idea sprung from the two ,principles doctrine1 #ffd-m4 ,soul of the ,universe supposed to be intelligent2 source of intelligence1 #ffi-m4 ,soul of the ,universe1 the ,supreme ,being is the1 #bea-u4 ,soul of the ,world exercises its creative energy through the medium of the ,sun1 #dgc-m4 ,soul of the ,world produced the first man1 ,adam ,kadmon1 #eff-m4 ,soul of the ,world1 the ,primal ,ether1 #gdh-m4 ,soul only existed in the beginning1 #fji-u4 ,soul1 opinions concerning pre-existence1 descent and return of the1 #dch-dda4 ,soul1 or ,spirit1 in different degrees contained in ,adam ,kadmon1 #geg-u4 ,soul1 origin1 fall of and return to place of its origin taught by mysterious ceremonies1 #che-u4 ,soul part of the ,universal ,soul whose totality is ,dionusos1 #ehf-m4 ,soul parted from its source lapsed from its preeminence1 #fhe-l4 ,soul passes through various states till1 purified1 it rises to ,god1 #efg-l4 ,soul pervades and is within the body1 #gee-l4 ,soul plunges through seven spheres to take up its abode in the body1 #ejf-l4 ,soul recollects its source and longs to return1 but must do and suffer1 #dcf-l4 ,soul1 relations of the march of light and darkness to the1 #djd-l4 ,soul represented by ,psyche had an earthly and an immortal lover1 #eai-l4 ,soul1 represented by ,psyche1 of whom ,dionusos was the suitor1 #ehf-l4 ,soul sent into the embryo1 which is to become an infant1 at conception1 #gee-l4 ,soul separated from the ,universe the next step in philosophy1 #fgb-u4 ,soul1 ,spirit1 ,intellect1 the immaterial threefold part of man1 #gha-m4 ,soul survives the body and is capable of immortality1 #heb-l4 ,soul that is impure can not reunite with ,god until purified1 #ehb-u4 ,soul the envelope of the intelligence that attached itself to it1 #ffi-m4 ,soul3 the minds or intellect of all are portions of the ,universal1 #fjd-l4 ,soul the motionless center from which motion radiates1 #fha-m4 ,soul to advance towards perfection and see ,deity more clearly1 #hee-u4 ,soul to attain its prior condition1 its individuality must cease1 #fhf-u4 ,soul1 to disengage itself from the body is the object of the earthly life of the1 #beb-l4 ,soul to return to the ,supreme ,soul the body of the dust1 #fje-l4 ,soul1 to satisfy itself of its immortality is a characteristic of a1 #cja-u4 ,soul vexed itself with spiritual problems1 #ehc-m4 ,souls which contemplate the ,higher ,unity superior to deities and religions1 #efb-l4 ,soul1 while embodied in matter1 is in a state of imprisonment1 etc1 #heb-u4 ,soul will ascend to ,heaven whenever purified1 #bec-u4 ,soul will rise from the material through the seven spheres1 #heh-l4 ,soul would reascend when extricated from matter1 #ebj-m4 ,souls and nature of men are great or small as it pleases themselves1 #hac-m4 ,souls are all equal1 #efe-l4 ,souls are the sparks of the ,influence of the shattered vases descending through the elements and--1 #gig-u4 ,souls at death return to the ,universal ,soul1 #ffd-m4 ,souls at their birth receive an emanation from the ,universal ,soul1 #ffd-m ,soul's attributes not the ,soul1 #egc-u4 ,souls3 by fire1 water1 air was accomplished the purification of2 symbolism of1 #djj-u4 ,souls change their forms by passing successively into different bodies1 #faj-u4 ,soul's disfigurement commented on by ,plato1 #heh-m4 ,souls emanate from the ,light principle and return to it1 #gdj-l4 ,souls emanating from ,god descended a ladder to their bodies1 #hea-l4 ,soul's emancipation completed by the transformation of death1 #fhf-u4 ,soul's existence and nature one of the highest questions1 #fdb-m44 ,soul's existence proved by our consciousness of being a thinking soul1 #fgd-u4 ,souls1 fragments or sparks of the ,universal ,intelligence1 #eah-m4 ,soul's immortality a doctrine considered certain among old nations1 #fbb--8 ,soul's immortality defined by ,chrishna as never being non-existent1 #eah-u4 ,soul's immortality proven1 #gjf-l4 ,soul's immortality the essence and consummation of all imagination1 #eag-m4 ,souls influenced by the ,sun1 #dib-u4 ,souls1 intelligence1 life1 emanate from the ,universal ,soul1 #fff-m4 ,souls know ,god only through ,mind1 #ehb-m4 ,soul's life the result of ,harmony and movement1 #hei-l4 ,souls1 men-accepted literally ,pythagoras' allegory of the transmigration of1 #cih-m4 ,souls must reascend through the seven planetary spheres to ,god1 #hea-l4 ,souls of men formed from a substance divine1 active1 luminous1 #cih-u4 ,soul's origin and home the bosom of ,deity1 #hea-l4 ,souls pass into terrestrial frames2 process2 reascension1 #eah-m4 ,souls passed into animals1 plants1 other human bodies1 the ,sun1 #cii-l4 ,soul's perfection necessitated perfection of morals and society1 #ebj-m4 ,soul's perfection the object of the ,mysteries1 #ebj-m4 ,soul's personification as ,jupiter1 ,bakchos1 etc41 explainable by the--1 #dgc-m4 ,souls pre-existed in eternal fire from whence they emanated1 #cii-l4 ,soul's progress from ,heaven to association with an earthly body1 #dcg4 ,souls purified by ascending through ,seven ,spheres1 #gha-m4 ,souls reascend after purification in forms of life1 #eah-m4 ,soul's relations with the rest of nature the chief object of ,mysteries1 #djj-u4 ,souls3 ,religion is the revelation of a necessity of1 #hbb-u4 ,soul's spirituality the necessary foundation of immortality1 #gjf-l4 ,soul's striving for ,light and ,knowledge of itself1 #ehc-u4 ,souls1 the ,supreme ,being the ,source of the rays which illuminate1 #bea-u4 ,souls1 ultimate disposition of1 #beb-m4 ,soul's universal medicine is the ,supreme ,reason and ,absolute ,justice1 #ggc-m4 ,souls1 when purified1 become a part of the ,universal ,soul1 #fbc-m4 ,soura-,parama slain by ,soupra-,muni1 lamented by the ,hindus1 #eie-u4 ,souras1 the particular devotees of ,surya1 #ehg-u4 ,source of the ,spring called ,kether1 ,corona1 ,crown1 #geb-l4 ,source of worlds in ,maia1 ,nature's loveliness1 #fhc-l4 ,sovereign ,power to whom belongs the maintenance of the order of the ,universe1 #eab-m4 ,space formed for ,worlds by the recession of the ,primal ,light1 #gdg-gej4 ,space in which worlds were created surrounded by an interspace1 #gdh-u4 ,space made for the creation of worlds called ,aor ,penai-,al1 #gdg4 ,spain1 ambitions and attempts of1 #gd-m4 ,spark of fire1 on the left hand1 issued from the sphere of ,severity1 #gie-m4 ,sparks of the great ,influence of the shattered vases eventually became ,souls1 #gig-u4 ,special ,providences as a result of prayer1 #fhd-l4 ,speculations of ,philosophers1 etc42 object of teaching the1 #cbi-m4 ,speculations of today reproduce the ancient thought1 #fig-u4 ,speech enchained is speech terrible1 #dh-u4 ,speech1 shallowness of much2 abused in ,republics1 #de-m4 ,speusippus taught that the heavens and spheres were part of the ,universal ,soul1 #ffi-m4 ,sphere constituted by the productive light of the letter ,he1 called ,kether ,ailah1 #gea-l4 ,sphere constituted within the sphere of ,splendor by the light of the letter ,he1 #gea-l4 ,sphere the emblem of ,athom-,re1 worshipped at ,thebes1 #ehd-l4 ,sphere used as an expression for ,deity by ,xenophanes and ,parmenides1 #fgf-u4 ,spheres of ,borsippa1 represented by seven stories of different colors1 #gbi-u4 ,sphinx1 armed1 represents the ,magical ,mystery expressed in the number seven1 #gbh-u4 ,sphinx the symbolic ,key to a ,knowledge of ,nature1 #cba-l4 ,sphinxes1 white and black1 symbolized the ,holy ,empire1 #gbg-m4 ,sphynx1 great enigmas of the1 #h-l4 ,sphynx was a symbol1 #adh-l4 ,spinoza's ,infinity of ,infinite ,attributes of ,god1 #eff-u4 ,spirit1 as applied to ,god1 synonymous with nothing1 #gci-m4 ,spirit assisted by the elemental powers2 ,soul served by ,nature1 represented by ,seven1 #gbg-m4 ,spirit can only be defined by some sublimized species of matter1 #eac-m4 ,spirit1 ,mother of the ,living and ,wisdom of ,god1 #efc-u4 ,spirit of life breathed into ,man by ,god1 #egb-m4 ,spirit1 or ,generative ,power1 and ,matter originally were in ,deity1 #gjj-m4 ,spirit personified by the ,goddess of ,neith1 conceived by ,power1 the ,divine ,intelligence1 #bed-m4 ,spirit represented by the quaternary2 symbolism of four to nine1 #fcc-m4 ,spirit1 the active principle1 generative power1 one of the ,egyptian ,triad1 #edh-l4 ,spirit3 the number five symbolizes the vital essence1 the animating1 #fcd-m4 ,spirit the same in kind with the ,supreme ,spirit1 a ray of it1 #fje-l4 ,spirit ,universal1 the home of the ,light inclosed in the seeds of species1 #ghc-m4 ,spirit within man a spark of ,god himself1 #fji-m4 ,spirits of ,carpocrates originate the different religions1 #efb-m4 ,spirit's relations with the material ,universe one of the highest questions1 #fdb-m4 ,spiritual1 affections1 hopes1 interests of life center in the1 #aie-m ,spiritual and material natures in equilibrium2 ,good and ,evil1 #ghd-l4 ,spiritual beings possess limited divine will power1 #fhd-l4 ,spiritual forces of man act according to ideal modes of action1 #hbi-u4 ,spiritual instincts infuse into the mind--1 #bbf-l4 ,spiritual life touched by every phenomenon1 #bdb-l4 ,spiritual meditation or self mortification promotes reabsorbtion1 #fhf-u4 ,spiritual nature in conflict with our material where the greatest glory is won1 #hed-u4 ,spiritual ,principle passed from ,demiourgos into ,man1 #efc-m4 ,spiritual purity shown through the efficaciousness of the will1 #fhd-l4 ,spiritual victory over the earthly nature symbolized by the ,master's ,compass1 #hed-l4 ,spiritual world1 the world of human consciousness1 has a law1 #hbh-l4 ,spiritualist doctrine denied by ,pythagoras1 #ffg-m4 ,spiritualistic doctrine separated ,god from the ,universe1 #ffg-m4 ,spirituality of the person its identity1 indivisibility1 absolute unity1 #gjf-m4 ,splendor ,excelsus in contradistinction to ,simple ,splendor1 #gdh-u4 ,splendor1 termed ,teheru in the ,sohar1 is styled ,the ,first ,matter1 #gea-u4 ,splendor1 the eighth ,sephiroth1 is ,boaz1 one of columns of the ,temple1 #gcf-l4 ,splendor1 the sphere in the centre of the space ,malakoth2 ,first' ,adam1 #ged-m4 ,spring ,equinox a period of general joy1 #ehh-l4 ,spring ,equinox1 ,mysteries celebrated the triumph of light at the1 #dje-u4 ,spring's return heralded by ,mithras1 the rock-born hero1 #eib-m4 ,spy1 dishonorable is the occupation of a1 #ccf-l4 ,square1 a ,hermetic symbol of the productive ,earth or ,universe1 #hea-m4 ,square1 a symbol of the ,earth and the things that belong to it1 #hej-m4 ,square1 an instrument adapted for plane surfaces only1 #hej-u4 ,square and ,compass2 unsuccessful work follows a departure from the center of the1 #ghf-l4 ,square1 being the second perfection1 does not represent ,god1 #fca-l4 ,square1 ,compass1 ,plumb1 ,level1 have peculiar meanings to a ,judge1 #hbf-u4 ,square containing an equilateral triangle a symbol of the ,divine and ,human1 #heh-m4 ,square1 definition of2 belongs to plane trigonometry1 #aa-l4 ,square held in the hand on the male side of the ,hermetic figure1 #hej-m4 ,square is the symbol of the four elements of the triangle1 #fbi-m4 ,square1 ,level1 ,plumb1 ,balance used to prepare the rough ,ashlar1 #ghg-m4 ,square of the ,form united to the ,triangle of the ,idea becomes the ,crown of ,numbers1 #cba-l4 ,square represents the four elements into which ,chaos was resolved1 #ghc-u4 ,square represents the material1 sensual1 baser portion of ,humanity1 #hea-l4 ,square1 symbol of what concerns earth and the body1 #aa-l4 ,square turning upon itself produces the circle equal to itself1 #gga-m4 ,st4 ,george of ,england fights the ,dragon1 a form of ,mithras1 #dii-m4 ,st4 ,john assigns the ,creation to the ,word1 and asserts ,christ was that ,word1 #efh-m4 ,st4 ,john avers ,christ was the ,word by which everything was made1 #eei-m4 ,st4 ,john explains the double triangle of ,solomon1 #gib-u4 ,st4 ,louis1 ,falkland1 ,tancred1 ,castiglione would give their friendship to a true ,knight1 #hjh-m4 ,st4 ,paul discourses concerning the flesh1 spirit1 good1 evil1 #hec-u4 ,st4 ,paul quoted as writing to the ,christians at ,rome1 #hec-u4 ,stability is the ,intellectual ,capacity to produce1 or female1 #cje-m4 ,stability of the ,universe a result of the equilibrium between ,wisdom and ,power1 #hei-u4 ,stability1 one of the last four ,sephiroth of the ,kabalah1 #hdh-l4 ,stability symbolized by the rough stone1 #ggf-m4 ,standards depicting a serpent borne by ,assyrians1 ,danes1 etc1 #ejj-u4 ,star guided the ,magi from the ,east to adore the ,saviour in his cradle1 #hda-l4 ,star1 magical adored under name of ,remphan1 #ajc-u ,star of five points originated from the ,pentalpha of ,pythagoras1 #fcd-m4 ,star of ,knowledge advises the ,magi of the birth of ,truth1 #hdc-m4 ,star of ,solomon formed the lines of the ,celestial triangle meeting those of the ,compass1 #hda-u4 ,star worship a middle point between ,heathen and ,christian1 #eaa-m4 ,star worship3 certain ordinances of the ,christian religion related to1 #eaa-m4 ,star worship looked on with indulgence by ,jewish and ,christian writers1 #eaa-m4 ,star worship2 ,maimonides explains origin of1 #dce-l4 ,star worshippers established feasts for planets at their exhaltation1 #dfc-m4 ,stars and ,sun1 magnitude and extent of the1 #cjc-u4 ,stars animated by a living principle a part of the universal intelligence1 #dgc-l4 ,stars are divine as animated beings1 by the logic of ,cicero1 #fgj-l4 ,stars are ,gods1 active ,causes1 sharing the universal divinity1 #fga-u4 ,stars considered intelligent beings causing effects on the earth1 #dgc-l4 ,stars directed by an intelligence1 an emanation of the ,universal ,intelligence1 #fgj-u4 ,stars distinguished by terrestrial phenomena with which they seemed to be connected1 #dde-m4 ,stars divided into good and bad1 beneficent and malevolent1 #dgb-m4 ,stars1 emblematic meaning of the ,north and ,morning1 #bjb-m4 ,stars in the hand disappeared three days during the search for ,osiris1 #dhe-l4 ,stars moved of themselves1 directed by their own special intelligence1 #fga-m4 ,stars' movements supposed to be voluntary by the ancients1 #eig-u4 ,stars named by the ,ethiopians of ,thebes1 #ddf4 ,stars observed by primitive people to be more regular than the ,sun1 #dde-m4 ,stars part of the ,universal ,soul and ,intelligence1 the opinion of many ,christian philosophers1 #fga-m4 ,stars possess an immortal ,soul and ,intelligence1 held by many philosophers1 #fga-m4 ,stars preceding event mistaken for cause1 #dej-m4 ,stars rise and set cosmically1 achronically1 heliacally with the ,sun1 #dga-m4 ,stars seen in ,taurus at new-born year1 #dec-u ,stars1 signs of the ,zodiac1 reference to in ,royal ,arch ,degree1 #dji-l4 ,stars1 so many animated and intelligent beings1 the cause of effects1 #ffi-l4 ,state1 making and executing laws interests the citizens of a free1 #ea-m4 ,state1 sovereignty of the ,individual in the1 #dc-l4 ,state1 tendency towards centralization in a ,democratic1 #ea-l4 ,state1 three departments of1 #f-u4 ,states1 creation of caste the tendency of free1 #ea-m4 ,stature of men is great or small as it pleases ,god1 #hac-m4 ,stauros of the ,gnostics the image of generative power1 #gga-l4 ,steps of the ,master ,mason ,degree2 origin of the1 #dbh-u4 ,stoic ,school retained a secondary divinity in the eternal spheres1 #fgh-m4 ,stoics' ascetic fatalism proceeds from a little knowledge1 #fid-l4 ,stoics held that each ,star contained an immortal ,soul and ,intelligence1 #fga-m4 ,stoics' wisdom a dogged submission to the arbitrary behests of one1 #fid-m4 ,stone1 colored black1 adored a white stone promised the ,faithful1 #gge-l4 ,stone1 in the rough1 the symbol of ,stability1 #ggf-m4 ,stone of philosophy the foundation of ,absolute philosophy1 the ,supreme ,reason4 #gge-l4 ,stone of the ,philosophers explained and analyzed1 #ggi-m4 ,stone1 say the ,alchemists1 is the true ,salt of the ,philosophers1 #gge-l4 ,strabo says the one ,supreme ,essence embraces us all1 #bhc-u4 ,strength and ,force in the service of ,intelligence the true meaning of ,necessity1 #fif-m4 ,strength is the ,intellectual ,energy or ,activity1 or male1 #cje-m4 ,strength of the ,christian ,mason represented by the column ,jachin1 #fda-m4 ,strength or ,force represented by the ,senior ,warden in a ,lodge1 #g-l4 ,strength or ,power1 the ,infinite ,divine ,will1 a side of the ,masonic triangle1 #hbf-m4 ,struggle between the ,divine and the natural will1 #eii-m4 ,stuart dynasty runs out1 #di-u4 ,sublunary bodies received nourishment and increase from ,sun and ,moon1 #dge-m4 ,sublimation the important operation in the ,great ,work1 #ggg-m4 ,sublime ,elect 7,elu7 of the ,twelve1 #aath ,degree1 duties of1 #agf-u4 ,sublime number is nine2 religion and nature are exalted by it1 #fbh-l4 ,sublime ,prince of the ,royal ,secret1 ,master of the ,royal ,secret1 #cb;d ,degree1 #hci4 ,sublimity of natural phenomena1 #bdd-l4 ,substance known only by its attributes1 #egb-l4 ,substance of the ,soul of ,man same as that of ,god1 #efg-l4 ,success attends the plan of ,equilibrium adopted everywhere by ,deity1 #gfg-u4 ,success1 the accumulation of many small efforts1 #agd-l4 ,suffering a condition of virtue in this world1 #gaf-l4 ,suffering appointed by ,zeus to be the parent of instruction1 #fia-u4 ,suffering1 evil1 wrong1 are but temporary and discords1 #egg-u4 ,suffering is good because favorable to virtue and moral development1 #gag-u4 ,suffering is not the worst condition of man on earth1 #gag-u4 ,suffering is the discipline of virtue1 #aha-m4 ,suffering necessary to virtue and morality1 #gaf-l4 ,sulla in a period of convulsion1 #hj-l4 ,sulla1 reference to the ,dictatorship of1 #c-m4 ,sulphur and ,salt prepares the ,mercury for assimilation with the magnetic agent1 #gge-m4 ,sulphur corresponds1 with the ,alchemists1 with the elementary form of the ,fire1 #ggc-l4 ,sulphur expressed by the letter ,g1 the initial letter of the ,hebrew word ,geparaith1 #ghj-m4 ,sulphur1 ,mercury1 ,salt1 volatilized and fixed1 compose the ,azoth1 #ggc-l4 ,sulphur of philosophy represents the vital energy and ardor of the will1 #gij-u4 ,sulphur1 one of the great symbols of the ,alchemists1 #eg-l4 ,sulphur1 resin and the laurel served for purification1 #dca-l4 ,sulphur1 the ,baphomet of the ,temple1 given a goat's head1 #ggi-l4 ,summary of all the doctrines of the ,old ,world by ,hermes1 #cbd-m4 ,summer and ,winter1 in equal proportion1 produce ,spring and ,autumn1 #ffb-m4 ,summer3 good angels ruled by a ,king controlled the hemisphere of1 #ddi-u4 ,summer ,solstice beginning of ,egyptian ,new ,year1 #dfg-m4 ,summer ,solstice brought heat and exhaustion1 #ddd-l4 ,summer ,solstice marked the rising cf the ,nile1 #dfg-u4 ,sun a great globe of fire to the ancients1 #ddc-l4 ,sun and ,moon and ,horus form the ,equilateral ,triangle1 #ad-u4 ,sun and ,moon1 ,blazing ,star or ,horus the offspring of the1 #ad-u4 ,sun and ,moon considered the cause of the generations of earth1 #dge-m4 ,sun and ,moon correspond to the columns of the ,temple1 ,jachin and ,boaz4 #ggf-m4 ,sun and ,moon emblems of the two ,divine sexes1 #cje-l4 ,sun and ,moon impress a force by which generation is effected1 #dfi-m4 ,sun and ,moon in lodge emblems of--1 #beb-l4 ,sun and ,moon1 ,king and ,queen1 symbolized by the ,hermetics as gold and silver1 #ggd-m4 ,sun and ,moon of ,alchemists give stability to the ,philosophal ,stone1 #ggf-m4 ,sun and ,moon1 represent the principles of all generation1 #ac-l4 ,sun and ,moon the eyes of the ,universal organism1 #fgc-u4 ,sun and ,stars rising and sinking typify the ,soul's movement1 #eah-m4 ,sun appeared under the image of the ,sign at the commencement of the season1 #dfe-u4 ,sun1 ,archimagus1 worshipped as ,mithras1 the ,mediator1 the ,invincible1 #fab-m4 ,sun at the ,vernal ,equinox communicates to the earth his warmth1 #dge-u4 ,sun1 at ,vernal ,equinox1 enters triumphant into the beneficent ,sign1 #ffd-m4 ,sun1 by his beneficent influences identified with the ,principle of ,good1 #eid-u4 ,sun called ,heliogabalus and adored under the form of a black stone1 #gge-l4 ,sun called ,osiris1 husband of ,isis1 ,god of ,cultivation1 #dge-u4 ,sun called ,sura or ,surya1 the ,heavenly1 or ,khur1 #fjb-u4 ,sun1 center of the ,active principle1 offered by the male of the ,indian ,statue1 #fef-u4 ,sun changes his place in the ,zodiac at each vernal equinox1 #ddi-m4 ,sun dragged down to his death by the scorpion1 ,archer1 ,he ,goat1 #ddg-m4 ,sun enters ,taurus at the ,vernal ,equinox #b1dee years ,b4,c41 #ddf-l4 ,sun entering his twelve houses should be received by the four elements1 #ghf-m4 ,sun gives the ,soul the senses and imagination as it passes through1 #dci-m4 ,sun ,god finally victorious over the ,serpent1 #dif-l4 ,sun ,god rides on the winged horse1 but the ,serpent bites the horse's heels1 #dii-u4 ,sun ,gods of the ,veda1 ,adityas1 ,savitri1 ,pashan1 ,mitra1 #fjb-l4 ,sun ,gods were mostly carried off in their strength and beauty1 #ehi-l4 ,sun hesitates at ,winter ,solstice whether to descend or retrace1 #dde-u4 ,sun3 in all religions linger traces of the worship of the4 #dhc-m4 ,sun in ,taurus personified in ,dionusos1 #ehe-u4 ,sun1 in the region of ,light is the sphere of the1 #gf-m4 ,sun1 ,moon and ,mercury represented by officers of ,mysteries of ,eleusis1 #daa-m4 ,sun1 ,moon and ,mercury symbolized in the three great lights1 #dhf-l4 ,sun now in constellation ,pisces when he is in the sign ,aries1 #ddi-m4 ,sun1 observations of the ancients regarding the movement of the1 #ddd-m4 ,sun originally feminine and ,moon masculine1 #gjj-u4 ,sun personified as ,brahma1 ,mithras1 ,osiris1 ,bel1 ,adonai1 ,apollo1 etc1 #eid-u4 ,sun personified by--1 #gg-m4 ,sun personified in connection with the ancient worships1 #ehc-l4 ,sun1 ,planets and ,zodiac represented in the ,mithraic cave of initiation1 #dbd-l4 ,sun remained stationary three days1 then began to rise1 #ddg-l4 ,sun represents ,faith1 #gbg-l4 ,sun reverenced by the ,essenes as a symbol of light and fire1 #bfe-l4 ,sun said to die and be born again at the ,winter ,solstice1 #dfd-l4 ,sun said to have been slain at the ,winter ,solstice1 #ddg-l4 ,sun1 symbolism of the2 manifestation and visible image of ,god1 #ac-u4 ,sun symbolized by the point within the circle1 #dhf-l4 ,sun termed by an inscription on an obelisk as ,apollo1 etc1 #dfj-u4 ,sun1 the festival of ,may day of ,druidical origin and in honor of the1 #cfg-l4 ,sun1 the great symbol of the ,mysteries1 purified ,souls1 #djh4 ,sun1 the moderator in the celestial harmony2 fourth in musical scale1 #daj-m4 ,sun the name of the seventh gate of the ladder2 material1 gold1 #dad-m4 ,sun1 the source of light1 the hieroglyphic sign of ,truth1 #ggf-m4 ,sun1 to the ancients1 the all-sufficient ,cause of all1 ,author of all1 #eid-u4 ,sun typified by ,mithras2 the ,parent of the ,universe1 the ,mediator1 #dbd-m4 ,sun variously named by different peoples1 #ehf-l4 ,sun1 with names beginning with ,kur many places are sacred to the1 #gh-m4 ,sun worship not the ,primitive religion1 #ehd-u4 ,sun1 worship of the1 #gg-m4 ,sun worship the basis of all the religions of antiquity1 #eic-l4 ,sun worshipped as the manifestation1 but not as the type of dominion1 #gdj-l4 ,sun worshipped by ,egyptians under the name of ,osiris1 #djf-u4 ,sun worshipped by the ,persians2 light an emanation from ,deity1 #egb-m4 ,sun's course made to typify the contest between ,good and ,evil1 #eid-m4 ,sun's exhaltation was in ,aries1 hence feasts of the ,lamb2 reason1 #dfc-l4 ,sun's image changed with the precession of the equinoxes1 #dfe-m4 ,sun's journey across the sky1 #ddb-l4 ,sun's journey through the twelve ,signs gives rise to legends1 #ddh-u4 ,sun's journey through the twelve ,signs origin of murder of ,khurum1 #ddh-u4 ,sun's journeys supposed to be voluntary by the ancients1 #eig-u4 ,sun's movements watched anxiously by primitive people1 #ddg4 ,sun's path through the constellations called ,ecliptic1 #ddg-u4 ,sun's primary metal holds within itself the ,principle of the germ1 #ghh-u4 ,superior ,intelligence of eight ,eons1 a ,gnostic modification1 #eec-u4 ,super-naturalists mix free action with the service of petition1 #fie-u4 ,superstitions and fables used as symbols and allegories1 #ejh-l4 ,supper of bread a symbol of man's redemption and regeneration1 #eci-u4 ,supper of bread and wine symbolic of ,passover or the ,lord's ,supper1 #edj-u4 ,supper of bread and wine2 theory and teachings of the1 #eci-u4 ,supreme ,being a center of light1 #beb-m4 ,supreme ,being1 at the intercession of ,wisdom1 sent ,christ to redeem ,man1 #efc-l4 ,supreme ,being discussed in ,hermetic books quoted by ,iamblichus1 #fad-l4 ,supreme ,being1 ,kabalistic idea of the attributes of the1 #bff-l4 ,supreme ,being1 ,philo's conception of the1 #bea-u4 ,supreme ,being1 ,primitive ,light1 ,archetype of ,light1 #eeb-l4 ,supreme ,being represented by the number three1 #bji-u4 ,supreme ,being1 the ,soul of the ,universe1 #bea-u4 ,supreme ,being the source of the rays which illuminate ,souls1 #bea-u4 ,supreme ,being1 the ,word1 ,logos1 is the image of the1 #bea-m4 ,supreme ,being1 the ,word occupies the place of the1 #bea-l4 ,supreme ,being uniting with ,wisdom acts upon the ,universe through4 the ,word1 #eeb-l4 ,supreme ,being uniting with ,wisdom forms in himself the type of4 all things1 #eeb-l4 ,supreme ,council1 ,so4 ,jur41 revised its thirty degrees1 #cbh-m4 ,supreme ,entity of the ,new ,platonists known only by the ,spirit1 #bhd-u4 ,supreme ,god created the ,universe through agents or manifestations1 #efh-m4 ,supreme ,intelligence of the ,universe the source of all ,intelligences1 #ffe-u4 ,supreme ,lord or ,being of the old ,chinese creed is ,chang-ti1 #fae-u4 ,supreme ,ruler of the ,universe beyond human comprehension1 #fje-u4 ,sura or ,surya1 the ,heavenly1 a name of the ,sun1 #fjb-u4 ,surya descended upon earth in human form and left a race of renown1 #ehg-m4 ,surya is preceded by ,arun1 the ,dawn1 and he has twelve powers1 #ehg-u4 ,surya styled ,king of the ,stars and ,planets1 #ehg-m4 ,surya the ,hindu name for the ,sun1 #ehf-l4 ,surya's car drawn by seven green horses1 or one horse with twelve heads1 #ehg-u4 ,swedenborgianism explained somewhat through the ,kabala1 #gda-u4 ,swedenborg's system is the ,kabalah minus the ,hierarchy1 #hbc-m4 ,swedenborg's system the ,temple without ,keystone and foundation1 #hbc-m4 ,sword2 initiate in ,druidical ,mysteries obligated on a naked1 #dcj-l4 ,sword of persecuted ,templars1 after being broken became a poniard1 #hbj-l4 ,sword piercing the heart represents the sting of conscience1 #fci-m4 ,sword1 symbol of speech in the ,bible1 #ec-l4 ,sword1 symbol of war and of the soldier1 #eg-u4 ,sword1 symbolism of the1 #ed-u4 ,swords1 symbols of ,honor and ,duty1 taught you ,masonry as a ,knight1 #hed-m4 ,sydyc1 or ,tsadok1 the ,supreme ,god in ,phoenicia1 was the ,heptaktis1 #gbh-m4 ,syene1 exile of1 #dh-u4 ,symbol a more efficacious instrument of instruction than didactic language1 #cee-m4 ,symbol and allegory a method of indirect suggestion1 #cee-m4 ,symbol confounded with the thing symbolized is idolatry1 #eaf-m4 ,symbol of a principle confounded with object symbolized1 #fjj-u4 ,symbol of an object unknown the most abstract expression for ,deity1 #eac-u4 ,symbol of ,deity appropriate only in a relative or moral sense1 #eac-m4 ,symbol of the disc and crescent on the ,bull and ,ram1 #deb4 ,symbol of the ,hermetics from a ,frankfurt treatise dated #afac1 #hej-m4 ,symbol of the right angle triangle found in the ,apprentice ,degree1 #hfa-m4 ,symbol of the #cast ,degree is the ,tetractys of ,pythagoras1 #hbf-m4 ,symbol1 pronunciation of the ,word a1 #bje-l4 ,symbol3 to bring the idea before the mental eye vividly and truthfully the task of the1 #eae-m4 ,symbolic and philosophic systems intimately allied1 #cgb-u4 ,symbolic character of the ,hebrew ,bible and writings1 #gde-u4 ,symbolic figures to represent the essence and operations of the ,deity1 #fbe-l4 ,symbolic imagery may give ideas as adequate as words1 #eae-l4 ,symbolic imagery of ,deity defended by ,maximus ,tyrius1 #eae-m4 ,symbolic instruction recommended by the uniform usage of antiquity1 #cgb-m4 ,symbolic meaning of ,pyramids unknown1 #adh-m4 ,symbolic meaning of the left hand with palm opened and expanded1 #chh-u4 ,symbolic meaning of the ,rose to be looked for in ,kabalistic ,commentaries1 #hba-l4 ,symbolic reference of air1 fire1 water1 #ceg-l4 ,symbolic ,triad of ,salt1 ,sulphur1 ,mercury1 or ,body1 ,soul1 ,spirit1 #gib-m4 ,symbolism becomes complicated and can not be explained1 #ead-m4 ,symbolism1 earliest instruments of education1 #fb-m4 ,symbolism expounded by philosophy1 #cef-u4 ,symbolism is nature's method of instruction1 #cee-m4 ,symbolism1 misinterpretation of1 #fd-u4 ,symbolism of ceiling1 border1 brazen sea in lodge1 #bji-m4 ,symbolism of ,masonry1 #bej-l4 ,symbolism of ,nature1 #fd-m4 ,symbolism of number ,seven with several references1 #bcc-m4 ,symbolism of numbers1 #fbf-fch4 ,symbolism of ,solomon's ,temple in its stately symmetry1 #gcf-l4 ,symbolism of ,temples and ,mithraic cave1 #bcd-l4 ,symbolism of the ,alchemists only understood by children of ,science1 #gib-u4 ,symbolism of the ,ancients bears the footprints of ,science1 #hdb-l4 ,symbolism of the ,apartments of the #ahth ,degree1 #bhh-u4 ,symbolism of the ,blue ,degrees according to the ,christian interpretation1 #fci-fdb4 ,symbolism of the ,cherubim according to ,clemens and ,philo1 #dji-l4 ,symbolism of the circle in the ,druidical ,mysteries1 #cfg-m4 ,symbolism of the ,clasped ,hands1 #hh-m4 ,symbolism of the colors1 white and black1 in juxtaposition1 #hah-m4 ,symbolism of the columns ,jachin and ,boaz1 #bgj-l4 ,symbolism of the ,compass and ,square to guide the ,knight1 #hjh-u4 ,symbolism of the double sex of the ,universe and ,orphic egg1 #fee-l4 ,symbolism of the egg2 borrowed from the ,egyptians2 found in ,japan1 #djj4 ,symbolism of the ,fellow-,craft obligation1 #fci-l4 ,symbolism of the figure four1 #fcc-m4 ,symbolism of the ,hermaphroditic figure1 square1 compass1 ,sun1 ,moon1 #hea-m4 ,symbolism of the ,hermetic ,rose ,croix and the decorations1 #ghf-u4 ,symbolism of the luminous pedestal1 #baj-u4 ,symbolism of the ladder of ,mithraic initiations1 #bcc-l4 ,symbolism of the language of the ,hermetics and ,alchemists1 #ggd-m4 ,symbolism of the ,lion1 the ,hawk1 the ,eagle1 the ,bull1 #bed-l4 ,symbolism of the ,mountain of ,meru1 #bcd-m4 ,symbolism of the ,mysteries to aid explanation1 #dcd-l4 ,symbolism of the number four1 #bji-u4 ,symbolism of the number three1 #bji4 ,symbolism of the number twelve1 #bji-m4 ,symbolism of the ,ocean and its sources or springs1 #geb-m4 ,symbolism of the point within the circle in the ,mysteries1 #dja-l4 ,symbolism of the ,recovery of the ,word1 #beb-l4 ,symbolism of the ,rose ,croix ,degree1 #bij-bib4 ,symbolism of the sacred vessels in ,solomon's ,temple1 #dji-m4 ,symbolism of the ,scriptures1 #bej-l4 ,symbolism of the serpent1 #bgh-l4 ,symbolism of the serpent1 #cgf-m4 ,symbolism of the ,sphinx or ,bull with a blazing sword at the gate of ,eden1 #gbh-u4 ,symbolism of the ,square1 ,compass1 ,plumb1 ,level1 for a ,judge4 #hbf-u4 ,symbolism of the ,sun2 origin of his mediation1 #eai-u4 ,symbolism of the ,templars misunderstood and deemed pantheistical1 #hah-l4 ,symbolism of the tests of water1 air and fire1 #cig-u4 ,symbolism of the three divisions of the ,temple2 sevenfold light2 ,brazen ,sea1 #ghb-m4 ,symbolism of the tower1 the fire1 the basin of purification1 #ghg-l4 ,symbolism of the triangle1 #hg--4 ,symbolism of the triangle1 #hbf-hbg4 ,symbolism of the two columns and parallel lines1 #beb-l4 ,symbolism of the two columns at the entrance of the ,temple1 #cje-m4 ,symbolism of the weeping woman at the broken column and ,time1 #cgi-u4 ,symbolism of two edged sword in ,revelations1 #ec-l4 ,symbolism of washing hands by ,initiates of ,eleusinian ,mysteries1 #ceg-l4 ,symbolism of words1 example of1 in ,i hail1 #fc-m4 ,symbolism originated in the efforts of the mind to communicate with ,nature1 #fej-m4 ,symbolism3 religious feeling evaporated with the stripping away of1 #fgh-m4 ,symbolism1 results obtained notwithstanding the vagueness of1 #bb-u4 ,symbolism tends to complication1 #fc-l4 ,symbolism3 the mistaking of names for the things named a danger in1 #eaf-u4 ,symbols attempted to be explained by words generally lose their meaning1 #eac-u4 ,symbols conceal from the ,profane and preserve to the ,elect the ,truth1 #hdj-u4 ,symbols constituted1 chiefly1 the first learning1 #dcf-u4 ,symbols conveyed in the ,mysteries what is now given in books1 #ced-m4 ,symbols derived from ,pythagoras1 #cff-l4 ,symbols eloquent to ,adepts are meaningless to the mass of ,initiates1 #hai-m4 ,symbols3 epithets applied to ,god either visible or intellectual1 #eaf-m4 ,symbols explained according to the capacity of the multitude1 #cg-l4 ,symbols given a broad interpretation1 #cbi-m4 ,symbols have wider meaning1 #bd-m4 ,symbols in the ,mysteries to represent life rising out of death1 #cie-m4 ,symbols in time mistaken for the thing symbolized1 #eaf-u4 ,symbols1 medium of conveying knowledge1 #bb-m4 ,symbols1 misunderstood1 #fb-l4 ,symbols1 more than one interpretation have the ancient1 #bje-l4 ,symbols1 motions of stars and the passage of the ,soul represented by1 #bcc-l4 ,symbols multiplied by the ,hierophants to conceal absolute science1 #cba-l4 ,symbols necessary to express ideas above and beyond the senses1 #eab-m4 ,symbols none the less impressive because known to be symbols1 #cif-l4 ,symbols of a ,masonic lodge of astronomical origin1 #dhf-l4 ,symbols of ancients wore encircled by imagination1 reason1 religion1 #eic-m4 ,symbols of ,degrees used to conceal1 not reveal1 #ajf-m4 ,symbols of ,good and ,evil1 ,light and ,darkness and resultant ,beauty1 #gib-m4 ,symbols of ,masonry appear in the ,kabalah1 #bfg-l4 ,symbols of ,masonry are its instructions2 lectures an explanation1 #cef-m4 ,symbols of ,masonry date beyond the monuments of ,egypt1 #caa-l4 ,symbols of ,masonry displayed in the outer court of the ,temple to mislead1 #hai-u4 ,symbols of ,masonry have more than one meaning2 they conceal the ,truth1 #adh-l4 ,symbols of ,masonry3 only to the adepts are known the real meanings of the1 #hai-u4 ,symbols of ,masonry reveal no new secret to those incapable of interpreting them1 #cef-l4 ,symbols of ,mysteries not always explained1 meanings lost1 #dbc-l4 ,symbols of purification1 redemption and regeneration1 #ech-l--#eci4 ,symbols of purity mistaken for the causes1 #ebj-l4 ,symbols of religion mistaken for realities1 #bb-u4 ,symbols of #agth ,degree refer to the ancient doctrines1 #bed-l4 ,symbols of the ,active and ,passive1 the ,male and ,female1 #ghd-m4 ,symbols of the end and perfection of the ,great ,work1 #gij-l4 ,symbols of the ,kabalah1 ,apocalypse1 ,ezekiel's visions1 are little4 understood1 #cba-l4 ,symbols of the old world and its images lost1 #gca-l4 ,symbols of the wise became the idols of the ignorant multitude1 #hah-l4 ,symbols represented the metaphysical ideas of the ,mysteries1 #che-u4 ,symbols1 signs1 doctrines of ancients should not be disparaged by us1 #ebb-m4 ,symbols the almost universal language of ancient theology1 #cga4 ,symbols the earliest1 instruments of education1 #eab-l4 ,symbols3 the ,incarnate ,word adored by three ,magi depicted in the ,evangelic1 #gcj-l4 ,symbols transmuted into realities1 #fgd-m4 ,symbols used in the ,mysteries2 ceremonies referred to agriculture and astronomy1 #chb-u4 ,symbols with material things made the imagination teach the ,intellect1 #cig-u4 ,sympathy a force analogous to that of electricity1 #hi-l4 ,sympathy for suffering and misery exists1 #bad-m4 ,synesius1 ,bishop1 held the doctrine of the transmigration of souls1 #cii-l4 ,synesius1 ,bishop of ,ptolemais1 a ,kabalist1 saying of1 #ajc-m4 ,synesius composed hymns fitted for the liturgy of ,swedenborg's church1 #gca-l4 ,synosius concealed ,science under a ,christian disguise1 #gcb-l4 ,syrians abstain from fish out of dread and abhorrence1 #def-m4 ,t ,taaut of the ,phoenicians the same as ,hermes1 #ehf-l4 ,taaut the author of serpent worship among the ,phoenicians1 #eja-u4 ,taaut the first to represent the ,stars by symbols1 #eja-u4 ,tabernacle and ,temple2 seven lamps in the great candlestick of the1 #ei-m4 ,tabernacles1 ,feast of1 lasted seven days1 #ei-l4 ,tabernaculum1 the ,zodiac1 the ,great ,tent1 symbolism of the1 #dji-l4 ,tablet of ,emerald1 words engraven by ,hermes on the1 #cbd-m4 ,tabunah1 ,intelligence represented by the ,hebrew letters1 #hjj-m4 ,tacitus held no office1 #dg-l4 ,tacitus1 writings of1 #bg-u4 ,tages1 the ,etruscan ,tamet or ,thoth1 the giver of laws1 #eea-m4 ,talismans given to candidates for the ,mysteries of the ,basilideans1 #edb-m4 ,talmud1 personification of the elements in the1 #bgj-l4 ,talmudists transpose letters to conceal secret meanings1 #fii-u4 ,tamerlane's conquest less important than the invention of ,faust1 #cad-u4 ,tarot contains the ,kabalistic alphabet1 #ggg-l4 ,taro1 of the ,kabalists1 corresponds to the ,hebrew ,tetragram1 #gcb-m4 ,tartarus1 allegorical to the ,initiates1 the ceremonies depicted horrors of1 #cif-m4 ,tartarus1 physical tortures of1 were but a symbol of the consequences of sin1 #chc-u4 ,tartarus1 ,virgil describes the punishments of the wicked in1 #cha-m4 ,tatian adopted the theory of the ,emanation of ,eons1 #efd-u4 ,tatius1 ,achilles1 held that each ,star is an immortal ,soul1 #fga-m4 ,tau cross in various forms and applications1 #ejc-eje4 ,tau1 the last letter of the ,sacred ,alphabet1 signifies the end of the ,great ,work1 #gij-l4 ,taurus and ,scorpio figure in history of ,osiris1 being the two equinoxes1 #dgh-m4 ,taurus opening the new year was the ,creative ,bull1 #ddh-u4 ,taurus or ,bull3 after ,sun advanced to ,aries reverence was paid to1 #dej-m4 ,taurus1 the ,bull1 a symbol in the ,mithraic case of initiation1 #dbd-l4 ,taurus1 the ,bull1 named because it was time to plow1 #ddf-m4 ,teacher1 ,death is the great1 #ahc-l4 ,teachings of ,gnosticism1 #bdh-l4 ,teachings of ,masonry are--1 #bba-u4 ,teen is the universal principle and prolific source of all things1 #faf-m4 ,tehiru1 ,splendor1 the ,first ,matter1 a ,vestige of the ,sublime ,brilliance1 #gea-u4 ,temperance1 the antipodes of ,gluttony1 represented by ,saturn1 #gbg-l4 ,templar ambitions and aims were to be rulers over the ,masters of the ,world1 #hag-l4 ,templar ,chiefs3 hints in the degrees and symbols indicate the real beliefs of the1 #hai-u4 ,templar ,chiefs studied the ,hermetic science1 #hdj-l4 ,templar doctrines were two--,johannism for the ,masters1 and ,roman ,catholics1 #hag-l4 ,templar efforts all directed against the ,pope after the execution of the ,king1 #hbd-u4 ,templar fall coincided with the period of manifestations of ,occultism1 #hbc-u4 ,templar ,order professed orthodoxy1 but the chiefs only knew the aim of the ,order1 #hag-m4 ,templar secret object the rebuilding of the ,temple on the model of ,ezekiel1 #haf-u4 ,templar ,secret ,order had princes as ,grand ,masters1 #hbc-l4 ,templarism lived under other names1 governed by unknown chiefs1 #hba-u4 ,templars accused of impiety1 obscenity and the worship of ,baphomet1 #hbj-m4 ,templars and ,hospitallers took vows of obedience1 chastity1 poverty1 #hjb-u4 ,templars arrested and imprisoned by ,clement the ,fifth and ,philip le ,bel1 #hbj-m4 ,templars1 at the origin1 were opposed to the tiara of ,rome and the crown of kings1 #hag-m4 ,templars' avowed object was to protect pilgrims visiting ,holy places1 #hae-l4 ,templars became a menace to ,church and ,society1 #hae-l4 ,templars concealed themselves under the name of ,brethren ,masons1 #haf-m4 ,templars1 dead long ago1 haunt the ,vatican and disturb the ,papacy1 #had-l4 ,templars' decay due to inherent weakness1 haughty ambition1 ignorance1 #hai-m4 ,templars disappeared at once and their wealth confiscated1 #hba-u4 ,templars' dogma connected with ,oriental philosophy by symbols used1 #bce-m4 ,templars encouraged new worship1 promising liberty of conscience1 #hah-l4 ,templars initiated in the mysterious doctrines of the ,kabalah1 #hae-l4 ,templars3 occult science of the ,magi guessed at under the obscurities of the1 #hci-m4 ,templars of modern days have no right to the title1 #hba-m4 ,templars1 or ,poor ,fellow-,soldiery of the ,holy ,house of the ,temple1 #haf-m4 ,templars perished in their fatal victory1 #hbd-u4 ,templars preserved or profaned the remembrance of the ,absolute1 #hdj-m4 ,templars saved the ,french ,king1 to afterwards1 ensure the scaffold1 #hbc-l4 ,templars succeeded by the ,knights of the ,east and of the ,east and ,west4 #haf-m4 ,templars the dream of sects of ,gnostics or ,illuminati1 #hae-l4 ,templars' trowel has triangular plates arranged in the form of a cross1 #haf-m4 ,templars united with ,rose ,croix ,adepts and formed a ,mystic ,sect1 #hba-m4 ,templars1 when rich1 became insolent and overbearing1 #hbj-u4 ,temple an abridged image of the world1 furniture1 symbolism1 #daj4 ,temple built by ,wisdom has at its portal ,jachin and ,boaz1 #hfj-m4 ,temple built painfully slowly1 destroyed very quickly1 #cbj-m4 ,temple gates opened but once a year for ceremonies of initiation1 #dba-u4 ,temple of ,jerusalem a symbol1 #bda-u4 ,temple of ,mecca an ,iona surrounded by #ccj stones1 #bcf-u4 ,temple of ,paestum had fourteen pillars on each side1 #bce-l4 ,temple of ,saba ,zeus at ,thrace1 on mount ,zelmisso1 form1 #daj-l4 ,temple of ,solomon a symbolic image of the ,universe1 resembled--1 #bjh-l4 ,temple of ,solomon and ornaments referred to the order of the ,world1 #djh-l4 ,temple of ,solomon represented ,world1 ,sea1 ,earth1 ,heaven1 #dji-m4 ,temple of ,solomon symbolic of the ,universe1 #cjd-l4 ,temple of ,solomon1 symbolism of the1 #bce-m4 ,temple1 one object of the early ,christians was the building of the ,symbolic1 #cfi-l4 ,temple represented the world in miniature1 #bcd-l4 ,temple1 spirit of the ,divine law at the rebuilding of the1 #bda-l4 ,temple1 the whole world one grand2 ,plato ,macrobius1 #bce-u4 ,temples everywhere1 #bda-u4 ,temples have for roofs the starred vault of ,heaven1 #bce-l4 ,temples in the shape of a cross built by the ,druids1 #ccg-m4 ,temples of ,chilminar1 ,baalbeck1 ,tartary1 had forty pillars1 #bce-l4 ,temples of ,hindus and ,druids built in the form of a cross1 #ejd-m4 ,temples1 ,persians1 ,celts1 ,scythians1 disliked roofed1 #bce-u4 ,temples1 reason for burning the ,grecian1 #bce-u4 ,temples surrounded by pillars a representation of--1 #bce-l4 ,temples1 the most ancient1 were roofless1 #bce-u4 ,temples1 thick groves were planted to produce gloom in the1 #chc-l4 ,temptation1 evils of yielding1 even in slight matters1 to1 #bag4 ,temptation1 reason for not falling may be freedom from1 #acj-l4 ,ten ,commandments1 ,masonic1 #ag-l4 ,ten1 concludes the ,abacus or ,table of ,pythagoras1 #fch-m4 ,ten1 in its relation to the ,ocean1 as a conception of ,god1 #geb-l4 ,ten includes all the other numbers2 represented by--1 #fj-l4 ,ten numerations or ,sephiroth contained in each other1 #gec-l4 ,ten represented ,god1 ,man1 the ,universe1 #fch-m4 ,ten the number of ,perfection1 #fj-l4 ,ten1 the ,perfect number1 corresponds with the ,tetractys1 #cbc-m4 ,ten1 the perfect number of the ,cabalists1 denotes ,heaven1 etc1 #eje-u4 ,ten written as ,unity in the center of ,zero2 a symbol of ,deity1 #fch-m4 ,tenth ,degree1 ,illustrious ,elect 7,elu7 of the ,fifteen1 devoted to--1 #afj-l4 ,tenth ,degree members should lead in enlightening1 #aga-l4 ,tenets of ,mason's profession1 #ba-u4 ,tepharet1 ,harmony and ,beauty1 produced by ,geburah and ,gedulah1 #gfd-l4 ,tepharet1 one of the ,sephiroth2 ,beauty1 #gec-m4 ,tephareth degree concealed and contained in ,malakoth1 ,haikal1 #gii-m4 ,tephareth including numerations from ,khased or ,gedulah to ,yesod1 is a person1 #gii-m4 ,tephareth is a person called ,seir ,aupin1 or ,microprosopos1 #gii-m4 ,tephareth represented by ,vau1 ,beauty1 the column which supports the world1 #gii-l4 ,territorial extension1 injustice of1 #gc-l4 ,ternaries form a part of the ,evangelic ,symbols1 #gcj-l4 ,ternary conceals the great ,mysteries of ,god and the ,universe1 #gia-l4 ,ternary explained by the balance and multiplied by itself1 #gfi-l4 ,ternary formed by the relation of equality between ,above and ,below1 #gga-m4 ,ternary hidden in ,masonry and the ,hermetic ,philosophy1 #gia-l4 ,ternary is the bringing back of duality to unity1 #gfj-l4 ,ternary is the first odd number having in itself the beginning1 middle1 end1 #gfj-l4 ,ternary teaches the equilibrium of ,contraries and resultant ,harmony1 #gib-u4 ,ternary the first of the unequal numbers1 #fca-m4 ,tertullian states that none were admitted to the ,mysteries without an oath1 #edd-u4 ,tessel1 description and symbolism of the ,indented1 #ad-u4 ,tessellated pavement and bicolored handle of the dagger a reminder of the two principles1 #hah-u4 ,tessera1 a square piece of metal or wood2 meanings and application1 #edg-m4 ,tessera1 a symbol to distinguish between the ,faithful and ,profane1 #edh-u4 ,tessera ,hospitalis1 a piece of wood cut in two as a pledge of friendship1 #edg-m4 ,tessera in the shape of a fish used as a mark by early ,christians1 #edg-l4 ,tessera inscribed with a ,greek word1 the initials signifying--1 #edg-l4 ,tesserated1 not tessellated1 floor of white and black lozenges1 denticulated1 #hah-m4 ,testament3 human nature is the new1 #gae-m4 ,testament3 material nature is the old1 #gae-m4 ,tests of water1 air and fire1 symbolism of the1 #cig-u4 ,tetractys composed of three times three smaller triangles1 #hbf-l4 ,tetractys1 ,hebrew formation of3 cut of1 #hh-m4 ,tetractys leads to study of numbers1 ,kabalah1 ,true ,word1 #hh-m4 ,tetractys of ,pythagoras corresponds to the ten ,sephiroth1 #cbc-m4 ,tetractys of ,pythagoras1 how composed1 #fj-l4 ,tetractys of ,pythagoras represents the ten1 #fch-m4 ,tetractys of round dots revered by the ,essenes1 #bfd-l4 ,tetractys of the ,pythagoreans by which they swore their oaths1 #fcc-l4 ,tetractys should be replaced among symbols of ,master's ,degree1 #hh-m4 ,tetractys1 suspended in the ,east in the #cast ,degree1 represents ,deity1 #hbf-m4 ,tetractys1 symbol borrowed by ,pythagoras from ,egyptians1 #hh-m4 ,tetractys the symbol of the generative power of the ,universe1 #hbf-l4 ,tetrad expresses the first mathematical power1 #fcb-l4 ,tetragram of the ,hebrews is ,azot1 ,thot1 ,taro2 it contains everything1 #gcb-m4 ,tetragram1 signification of the four letters of the ,sacred1 #ajd-l4 ,tetragram the last word of ,science and the key of ,divine ,power1 #gcb-m4 ,tetragram understood only by those who know the necessity of secrecy1 #gcb-m4 ,tetragrammaton expressed triangularly a symbol of ,creation1 #fih-l4 ,tetragrammaton forbidden to be pronounced except once each year1 #fbj-u4 ,tetragrammaton in ,adam ,kadmon by its letters1 #geg-u4 ,tetragrammaton of the ,hebrews the four-lettered word1 #fcc-l4 ,tetragrammaton of three ,hebrew letters1 one repeated1 #cbc-m4 ,tetragrammaton or the ,ineffable ,name is ,i1 ,h1 ,u1 ,h1 #fih-m4 ,tetragrammaton sometimes expressed triangularly1 #fih-l4 ,tetragrammaton3 the ,elder ,most ,holy is the name1 #gie-u4 ,tetragrammaton's meaning and pronunciation concealed1 #gjj-l4 ,thales learned that the ,earth revolved around the ,sun in ,egypt1 #hdc-u4 ,thartae1 a god with the head of an ass1 ,christianity said to be the reign of1 #ajc-u4 ,theater of ,scaurus surrounded by #cfj columns1 #bcf-u4 ,thebes1 seven gates of1 #bcc-m4 ,theism of ,anaxagoras subversive of the religion of outward nature1 #fgi-u4 ,theism of the ,hebrews involved in symbols and image worship1 #ead-m4 ,theoclet1 ,johannite ,pontiff1 initiated de ,payens into the ,gnostic ,mysteries1 #hag-u4 ,theodoret1 ,bishop of ,cyropolis1 speaks of the secrecy of ,christian ,mysteries1 #edg-u4 ,theodorus gives ,iabe as the ,samaritan name of ,deity1 #gjj-l4 ,theologers preceded ,greek ,philosophy1 #fhc-m4 ,theological ideas expressed by allegory by philosophers1 #fgh-u4 ,theological system formed on the doctrine of the two principles1 #ffa-l4 ,theology1 at first an abstract idea1 grows into all our relations1 #fdc-m4 ,theology based on writings of ,aristotle and ,lombard purely scholastic1 #hdg-u4 ,theology of the ,kabalah like that which is best explained by the ,fathers1 #hdc-l4 ,theology of the ,kabalah is consistent and harmonious1 #hdc-l4 ,theopmatus held that each ,star is a part of the ,universal ,soul1 #fga-m4 ,theopompus declares the two principles shall alternate in victory1 #ffc-u4 ,theoretical principles of right may work practical injustice1 #hcd-l4 ,theories advanced to explain the independent existence of ,good and ,evil1 #fhb-u4 ,theorists1 the ,mason should have no alliance with impracticable1 #cch-m4 ,theosophy1 in ,greek traditions were found the mysteries of1 #bej-u4 ,therapeutae were ,christians1 their writings our ,gospels1 #bfe-m4 ,therapeuts1 ,persian and ,pythagorean opinions in the creed of the1 #bei-l4 ,therapeuts reside in ,egypt in the vicinity of ,alexandria1 #bfj-u4 ,thibet1 ,pythagorean doctrine of numbers preserved by monks of1 #bce-m4 ,thibet3 the great ,chinese dragon ornamented the ,temples of1 #ejj-l4 ,things and beings1 marvelous relations between2 instances--1 #da-m4 ,things material and things of the intellect1 #da-l4 ,things the progeny of one fire2 the ,soul a bright fire1 is immortal1 #faa-m4 ,think as the ,old ,lords of ,thought command us1 #cae-m4 ,third day of ,greek ,mysteries devoted to sacrifices1 religious rites1 etc1 #dcc-l4 ,third ,degree1 ,master1 #fb-u4 ,thirteen robes presented to initiates represent ,heavens and signs1 #ejf-l4 ,thirteenth ,degree1 legend of2 an allegory representing--1 #bjh-l4 ,thirteenth ,degree1 ,royal ,arch of ,solomon2 legend and history of1 #bjd-u4 ,thirty-second ,degree1 ,master of the ,royal ,secret1 ,sublime ,prince of the ,royal ,secret1 #hci4 ,thomas1 ,christian ,general at the battle of ,damascus1 #ec-m4 ,thor and ,odin fight with ,dragons1 #dii-m4 ,thor1 ,odin1 ,frea1 the ,scandinavian ,trinity1 #eeb-u4 ,thor1 son of ,odin and ,frea1 one of the ,northern triune ,deity1 #ac-l4 ,thor was the ,sun1 a counterpart of ,osiris and ,bel1 #cfh-u4 ,thot1 of the ,bohemians1 corresponds to the ,hebrew ,tetragram1 #gcb-m4 ,thoth named by other nations ,taaut1 ,hermes1 ,trismegistus and ,adris2 doings of1 #cfd4 ,thoth of the ,egyptians the same as ,hermes1 #ehf-l4 ,thoth or ,phtha1 an ,egyptian skilled in the ,mysteries of ,india1 ,persia1 ,ethiopia1 #cfd-u4 ,thoth1 the ,egyptian ,god of ,healing1 leans on a stick with coiled snake1 #eja-m4 ,thoth the terrestrial repetition of the first ,hermes1 #bee-u4 ,thought1 a ,force1 #b-u4 ,thought in the ,soul3 the second in the ,masonic ,trinity1 #ege-l4 ,thought is a ,power2 not matter or spirit2 lives after a man1 #egc-m4 ,thought is all repose and ,nature all movement1 #fhj-l4 ,thought is eternal1 is an actual existence1 a ,force and ,power1 #egc-l4 ,thought3 nothing can compare with the grandeur of a1 #bja-m4 ,thought of ,god a ,power1 #egc-u4 ,thought of ,god1 ,being of his ,being1 manifested in ,intelligence1 #efj-u4 ,thought of ,god1 immortal as ,himself1 uttered itself in the ,word1 #ege-u4 ,thought personified by the ,goddess ,neith1 a divinity of ,light1 #bed-u4 ,thought the only reality1 #fgf-u4 ,thought unlocks all the treasures of the ,universe1 #bja-l4 ,thoughts are the scintillations and rays of ,intellect1 #hde-u4 ,thoughts of dead legislators govern our present deeds1 #cae-l4 ,thrace1 passion1 death and resurrection of ,bakchos represented at1 #daa-u4 ,three appears in all the ancient ,philosophies1 #edh-m--#eeb4 ,three degrees of generation1 ,birth1 ,life1 ,death2 beginning1 middle1 end1 #fca-u4 ,three essential degrees in ,masonry because of the sacred ,triad1 #fca-m4 ,three figures constantly in ,masonry2 instances--1 #edh-m4 ,three in ,one of a ,trinitarian ,ecossais1 #ege-l4 ,three lights at the ,altar represented the ,sun1 ,moon1 ,mercury1 etc1 #edh-m4 ,three means ,father1 ,son1 ,spirit2 the triangle within the square1 #fbi-l4 ,three1 or ,triad1 expressed by a triangle1 #eg-l4 ,three1 peculiar to ,apprentices1 from the three ,kings of ,orion1 #dhg-u4 ,three1 ,pythagoras on the number1 #ig-m4 ,three represented by the ,supreme ,being1 #bji-u4 ,three revered by all antiquity and consecrated in the ,mysteries1 #fca-m4 ,three1 symbolism of the number1 #bji4 ,three symbolizes the ,earth2 it is a figure of the terrestrial bodies1 #fcb-m4 ,three1 the number of the triangle1 measures the base1 #hfa-m4 ,three times three in a symbolic sense1 #hbg-u4 ,three was called perfect harmony by the ,pythagoreans1 #fcb-m4 ,three worlds of the ,philosophy of the ,sephiroth1 #ii-m4 ,threefold alliance of day and night2 the luminous image of the dogma1 #hdh-u4 ,threes form the triple progression1 ,past1 ,present1 ,future1 #fca-u4 ,throne and ,church mutually sustain each other1 #cc-u4 ,throne of ,france to be overthrown upon the tomb of de ,molai1 #hbd-u4 ,throne of ,solomon1 bulls on arms1 lions supporting1 symbolism1 #daj-l4 ,tiara of ,rome opposed by the ,templars at their origin1 #hag-m4 ,tiberius as ,emperor to be opposed by ,masonry1 #bj-l4 ,tiberius1 reference to the reign of1 #dg-l4 ,timaeus explains the symbolism of the pyramid1 #dfj-u4 ,timacus1 of ,locria1 wrote of the ,pythagorean doctrine1 ,soul of the ,world1 #ffg-u4 ,timacus regarded the ,universe as an intelligent being1 #fgj-u4 ,time2 evolution of the ancient division of1 #dde-m4 ,time2 seeking a revelation from the busy ant-hill of1 #aia-u4 ,time symbolized by a serpent ring1 #dig-l4 ,time1 waste of1 #aae-m4 ,tipharet1 the ,son1 or issue1 ,beauty or ,harmony1 the sixth ,sephiroth1 #eeb-m4 ,tiphe1 wife of ,re1 clad in blue and gold1 the type of ,wisdom1 #bed-l4 ,titans tore ,dionusos in pieces1 assisted by ,heri1 #ehe-l4 ,toil1 a part of the spiritual instrumentality is every implement of1 #bdc-l4 ,toil is worship--the noblest thing beneath the ,stars1 #cdb-l4 ,toil of brain or hand or heart the only true manhood1 #cdd-u4 ,toil1 religion of1 #bab-u4 ,toleration a component part of ,charity1 #aff-l4 ,toleration enemy of that fanaticism which persecutes for opinion's sake1 #afj-l4 ,toleration holds that every other man has the same right of faith as ourselves1 #afj-m4 ,toleration1 in early ,christianity were evidences of the spirit of1 #bdg-l4 ,toleration1 ,masonic creed and view of1 #afg-m4 ,toleration taught as one of the chief duties of a ,mason1 #aff-l4 ,tomb a part of the paraphernalia of the ,mysteries of ,isis at ,sais1 #dje-m4 ,tools and implements of ,masonry are symbols1 #ccj-l4 ,tower1 ,temple of ,bal at ,babylon was a1 #bcd-m4 ,towers surmounting ,pagodas1 #bcd-m4 ,towers symbolize the two furnaces for the fire1 #ghc-u4 ,tracingboard displays a luminous triangle with a ,yod in the center1#ghb-l4 ,transcendental philosophy reposed on comparatively shallow bases1 #fgd-l4 ,transcendental philosophy1 that of a ,deity both eminent and transcendent1 #fad-m4 ,transmigration of souls a doctrine of the ,hindu religion1 #fjd-m4 ,transmigration of souls according to ,pythagoras and disciples1 #fbb-fbc4 ,transmigration of souls1 explanation of the doctrine of the1 #cih-m--#cii4 ,transmigration of souls held by the ,druids1 #fah-u4 ,transmigration of souls involved a noble element of truth1 #fbb-m4 ,transmigration of souls taught by ,pythagoras as an allegory was accepted literally1 #cih-m4 ,transmigration of souls1 the early ,christians held the doctrine of the1 #cii-l4 ,transposition of the letters of a word common amongst ,talmudists1 #fih-m4 ,transposition used to conceal secret meanings1 #fii-u4 ,tree of ,knowledge became the ,tree of ,death1 #hdd-u4 ,tree of ,life represented by the branch of ,acacia1 #ghf-l4 ,tree under which ,atys died was a pins and held sacred to him1 #dbc-l4 ,triad includes in itself the properties of the first two numbers1 #fca-m4 ,triad of the ,druids inscribed on a cruciform tree1 #ejd-u4 ,triad of ,plato1 explanation and symbolism of the1 #hg-l4 ,triad plays an important part in the philosophy of ,plato2 the image of ,deity1 #fca-m4 ,triad produced by the union of the ,monad and ,duad1 #fca-m4 ,triad signifies the world formed by a creative principle out of matter1 #fca-m4 ,triad venerated by ,masons in the symbol of the triangle1 #fca-m4 ,triads1 ,egyptian deities arranged in1 #hg-m4 ,triads formed of the old ,gods1 often called a ,trinity1 #edh-edi4 ,triads of ancient religions1 #edh-m--#eeb4 ,triads of the ,egyptians1 of ,thebes4 ,philae1 the ,cataracts1 #edh m4 ,trials of candidates during ,initiations were very severe1 #che-m4 ,triangle consecrated whose sides are emblems of the three ,kingdoms1 or ,god1 #fcb-u4 ,triangle3 ,deity symbolized by the double equilateral1 #fcd-l4 ,triangle1 description and symbolism of ,kabalistic1 #ajd-m4 ,triangle1 ,divine1 the ,trinity1 the ,triliteral ,name1 composed of--1 #cbc-m4 ,triangle1 equilateral1 one of the symbols of ,chinese ,mysteries1 #dbi-m4 ,triangle1 equilateral1 reversed1 inscribed in double circle1 ,kabalistic1 #ajd-m4 ,triangle figures to the ,masonic1 ,judge the ,pyramids1 firm and unshaken1 #hbf-l4 ,triangle has for its center the ,hebrew ,jod1 the generative principle1 #fcb-u4 ,triangle in connection with the ,compass forms the ,star of ,solomon1 #hda-u4 ,triangle in a ,lodge indicates--1 #bji-l4 ,triangle1 infinite1 above equaling what is below1 #cd-l4 ,triangle1 mystic and interlaced1 found in ,india1 #bib-m4 ,triangle of ,perfection3 ,one is three and three are one in each1 #hfa-l4 ,triangle of ,solomon explained by ,st4 ,john1 #gib-u4 ,triangle of the ,greeks the initial of the ,latin or ,french word for ,god1 #fca-l4 ,triangle of the ,idea united to the ,square of the ,form becomes the ,septenary1 #cba-l4 ,triangle represents one ,god in three persons2 the ,yod the initial of the last word1 #ghb-l4 ,triangle represents the eternal because it is the first perfect figure1 #fca-l4 ,triangle surmounted by a cross symbolizes the perfection of the ,great ,work1 #gij-l4 ,triangle1 symbolism of a right-angled1 #hg--4 ,triangle symbolizes action and reaction and the result1 #hfa-u4 ,triangle1 the chief symbol in ,masonry1 formed by the points of the ,tetractys1 #hbf-m4 ,triangle1 three great words names of the three sides of the ,kabalistic1 #ajd-m4 ,triangle to all the ,sages the symbol of ,deity1 #hfa-u4 ,triangle upon a square within a circle part of an ,hermetic symbol1 #hej-m4 ,triangle with right angles in a diagram and described1 #ghi-m4 ,triangles1 ,kabalistic and ,divine1 #gch-u4 ,triangles represented in the ,stars1 #dhg-m4 ,triangle's sides offered for the study of the ,apprentice1 ,fellow-,craft1 ,master1 #fcb-u4 ,triangle's sides represent ,wisdom1 ,strength1 ,beauty or ,harmony1 #hbf-m4 ,triangular plate sunk in cube2 teachings of the name of ,deity engraved on a1 #bji-u4 ,triangulation1 measurement by1 #cd-m4 ,triglav1 the three-headed ,god of the ,sclavo-,vendes1 #eea-m4 ,triliteral ,a1 ,u1 ,m gives initiate of the ,indian ,mysteries1 #dbh-m4 ,triliteral ,iao was the sacred name of the ,supreme ,deity1 #gja-u4 ,trimalcion as ,legislator to be opposed by ,masonry1 #bj-l4 ,trimurti or ,brahmin ,trinity1 ,brahma1 ,vishnu1 ,siva1 #eej-m4 ,trinitarian1 ,scottish1 or ,prince of ,mercy1 the #bfth ,degree1 #ebd4 ,trinities of the ,ancient ,religions1 #egf-m4 ,trinities of the ,kabalists the origin of the ,christian ,trinity1 #eeb-m4 ,trinity1 article in all creeds1 #eg-l4 ,trinity believed in by ,julian2 also one ,god1 #gca-l4 ,trinity of attributes of ,deity1 ,justice1 ,wisdom1 ,mercy1 the ninth ,truth of ,masonry1 #ecg-u4 ,trinity of attributes of ,god1 ,wisdom1 ,strength1 ,harmony1 #ebe-u4 ,trinity of ,god's attributes are ,perfect and do not conflict1 #ecg-u4 ,trinity of ,god's attributes represented by the ,triple ,tau1 #ejc-l4 ,trinity of ,power1 ,wisdom and ,harmony1 #bji-l4 ,trinity of the ,chaldean oracles1 ,light1 ,fire1 ,flame1 #gdj-l4 ,trinity of the ,christians2 origin of the1 #eeb-m4 ,trinity of the ,druids1 significance of names of the1 #ajc-l4 ,trinity of the ,father1 the ,spirit1 the ,word1 #efd-m4 ,trinity1 philosophical dissertation on the1 #ii-m4 ,trinity represented by the three sides of the ,delta1 #eca-m4 ,trinity1 the three principles of the1 #baj-u4 ,tripartite division of the ,good principle1 a dogma of the ,hindus1 #fjd-m4 ,triple progression of threes has foundation in the three ages of nature1 #fca-u4 ,triple progression1 three2 three times three2 three times nine2 three times twenty-seven1 #fca-u4 ,triple ,tau cross in center of a circle and triangle typifies the ,sacred ,name1 #ejc-m4 ,triple ,tau represents the creating1 preserving1 destroying powers1 #ejc-m4 ,triple ,tau represents the three great lights of ,masonry1 #ejc-m4 ,triple triangle1 a ,pythagorean emblem of ,health1 #fcd-m4 ,triple triangle1 a symbol of the ,triple ,covenant and--1 #ecc-m4 ,triple triangle among all nations a symbol of ,deity1 #hbf-l4 ,triple triangle and a circle are the ,sephiroth1 #gfi-l4 ,triple triangle found in the number of the offspring of ,heaven and ,earth1 #gbh-l4 ,tripod of ,pythian ,priestess embodied a triple-headed serpent1 #eja-l4 ,triptolemus gave initiation to ,hercules1 #ehf-u4 ,trismegistus engraved on stone the dogmas of the science of ,magism1 #hci-l4 ,trismegistus1 ,hermes1 supposed to have written ,minerva ,mundi1 #gij-m4 ,triune ,deity represented by the cord of the initiate1 our cable tow1 #cfa-u4 ,triune ,deity symbolized by the three officers1 lights1 jewels1 pillars1 #cfa-u4 ,triune ,god of ,chinese alluded to by the symbol ,y1 #dbi-m4 ,trowel an emblem of the ,degrees of ,prince of ,jerusalem1 #bdb-m4 ,trowel and ,sword the emblem of the ,templars1 #haf-m4 ,trowels of the proscribed ,templars built tombs for its persecutors1 #hba-u4 ,trowel of the ,templars is quadruple1 making the ,kabalist pantacle1 #haf-m4 ,true ,god1 only religious requisite is a virtuous life and belief in one1 #afd-u4 ,true ,mason styled the twenty-third or the twelfth of the fifth class1 #ghb-l4 ,true name of ,god to be revealed at the coming of the ,messiah1 #fba-m4 ,true ,royal ,secret which makes possible the ,holy ,empire1 #hfa-l4 ,true1 the ,beautiful1 the ,good1 are but revelations of one and the same ,being1 #gjh-u4 ,true things refer themselves to a ,unity which is ,absolute ,truth1 #gjb-m4 ,true ,word discovered by the aid of the ,tetractys1 #hh-m4 ,true ,word found1 without naming1 in ,hu of the ,druids1 and ,fo-,hi1 #gjb-u4 ,true ,word of a ,mason finds a meaning in the ,ineffable ,name of ,deity1 #fig-m4 ,true ,word of a ,master ,mason1 #gbg-u4 ,true ,word of a ,master ,mason1 #hfa-l4 ,true ,word said to be lost because its meaning was lost1 #gja-l4 ,truth a divine attribute1 the foundation of virtue1 #ahd-l4 ,truth and ,intelligence are attributes of ,god1 but not of the individual ,soul1 #fjg-l4 ,truth and ,intelligence not the eternal attributes of the individual ,soul1 #heb-u4 ,truth and ,intelligence the eternal attributes of ,god1 not of the individual ,soul1 #heb-u4 ,truth and loyalty needed now as in days of old1 #egh-m4 ,truth and morality were virtues practiced by the ,druids1 #fai-u4 ,truth3 amelioration and improvement effected by dissemination of1 #bah-m4 ,truth as a basis of all religions1 #caa-l4 ,truth at the foundation of the old ,heathenism1 #eii-u4 ,truth1 ,christ proclaims the old primitive1 #cji-u4 ,truth comes to us tinged and colored with our prejudices1 #aff-m4 ,truth concealed from the ,profane preserved to the ,elect by symbols1 #haj-u4 ,truth deposited in a sacred place to be searched for1 #ghe-l4 ,truth1 ,divine1 given to the first men preserved by ,masonry1 #acf-m4 ,truth1 ,divine1 symbolized by the ,star blazing in the distance1 #acf-m4 ,truth hidden under symbols and allegories1 #bdf-l4 ,truth1 incapacity to grasp1 prevalent1 #gg-l4 ,truth3 ,indians taught ,zoroaster1 who taught ,pythagoras ,primitive1 #fag-l4 ,truth is a ,divine attribute and the foundation of every virtue1 #heb-u4 ,truth is in ,god and is ,god under one of ,his phases1 #gjg-l4 ,truth1 ,justice1 ,right in principle a result of the equilibrium of ,wisdom and ,power1 #hei-u4 ,truth known concerning the nature of ,deity contained in the ,true ,word of a ,mason4 #fig-m4 ,truth1 mathematical and practical1 the ,hermetic universal medicine of the mind1 #ggc-m4 ,truth1 not acceptable to the mass of mankind is the highest1 #cg-u4 ,truth1 not attainable anywhere is perfect1 #bbc-u4 ,truth of a less metaphysical and more applicable kind sought after1 #fhb-m4 ,truth1 our duty to press forward in search of1 #bbc-u4 ,truth overlaid with fictions after the ,divine ,word became obscured1 #eii-l4 ,truth put in practice is the ,good1 #gbe-u4 ,truth represented by symbols and hidden images1 #dcf-u4 ,truth separable into kinds1 #adh-l4 ,truth sometimes reaches us on the borrowed wings of ,error1 #bbd-m4 ,truth sought in general opinion by ,socrates1 #fic-u4 ,truth symbolized by ,light1 #adh-l4 ,truth symbolized by the ,sun1 #ggf-m4 ,truth the object of worship of a ,masonic ,knight1 #egi-m4 ,truth1 the outflowing of the conjunction of ,hakemah and ,binah1 #gfc-l4 ,truth the ,sun and ,light of the intellectual and visible ,universe1 #fjf-u4 ,truth to the ,philosopher not ,truth to the ,peasant1 #bbd-m4 ,truth which creates the ,future heralded by the ,star of ,knowledge at its birth1 #hdc-m4 ,truths1 ,astronomical details and natural operations in the ,mysteries veil great1 #cge-m4 ,truths fitted to make earth a ,paradise revealed to man1 #bbg-u4 ,truths have been hated as errors at times by public opinion1 #bah-l4 ,truths hidden by symbols and allegories of old fables and superstitions1 #ejh-l4 ,truths1 ,masonry teaches all1 #adh-l4 ,truths must be committed to the few to preserve their purity1 #fbd-l4 ,truths of ,masonry1 #ecc-ech4 ,truths of ,masonry not inculcated1 but hinted1 #bah-u4 ,truths of primitive revelation veiled from the knowledge of the people1 #fbd-m4 ,truths of religion inculcated by ,masonry1 #egf-l4 ,truths of the ,period as good as men were capable of receiving1 #cg-u4 ,truths3 the great fundamental primitive1 #fji-m4 ,truths which are concealed are not lost2 those discovered are not new1 #hdb-l4 ,truths which have been and are the law in every age1 #bbg-m4 ,tsaboath1 with ,alohayim2 symbolism of1 #ajd-m4 ,tsadoc1 ,hebrew name for ,jupiter1 meaning and symbol of1 #bjb-m4 ,tsadok1 the ,supreme ,god of ,phoenicia1 the ,heptaktis1 #gbh-m4 ,tsemsum the term applied to the first contraction1 #gdf-u4 ,tsur1 ,tyre1 celebration of the festival of ,dec4 #beth at1 #gh-l4 ,tuscan order of architecture is emblematic of--1 #bjb-u4 ,twelfth ,degree2 ,grand ,master ,architect2 duties of the1 #ahi-u4 ,twelfth ,degree1 teachings of the1 #bjb-l4 ,twelve chief ,eons were the ,genii of the ,constellations1 called ,olamin #eff-u4 ,twelve divisions adopted by ,plato1 ,lycurgus1 ,cecrops1 ,chun1 ,romulus1 #dfb-u4 ,twelve fellowcrafts in search of body and assassins2 reference to ,stars1 #dhi4 ,twelve ,gods recognized by most ancient peoples1 #dfj-m4 ,twelve-inch rule and common gavel1 #a-m4 ,twelve is celebrated in the worship of ,nature1 #fch-l4 ,twelve1 number of oxen under ,brazen ,sea2 of stones in the breastplate of the ,h4,p41 #fa-u4 ,twelve represents the ,articles of ,faith2 twelve ,apostles1 etc41 #fbh-u4 ,twelve signs of the ,zodiac related to the ,master's legend1 #dhh-u4 ,twelve signs of the ,zodiac represented in the ,labyrinth1 #dei-l4 ,twelve the image of the ,zodiac and the ,sun1 which rules over it1 #fch-l4 ,twelve1 the number of lines of equal length that form a cube1 #fa-u4 ,twentieth ,degree1 ,master of the ,symbolic ,lodge1 duty of the1 #cbe-u4 ,twenty-eighth ,degree1 ,knight of the ,sun1 or ,prince ,adept1 #eha4 ,twenty-fifth ,degree1 ,knight of the ,brazen ,serpent1 teachings1 #dce-m4 ,twenty-first ,degree1 ,noachite or ,prussian ,knight2 lessons of the1 #ccd-u4 ,twenty-fourth ,degree1 ,prince of the ,tabernacle1 #cga-u4 ,twenty-ninth ,degree1 ,grand ,scottish ,knight of ,st4 ,andrew1 #hja-u4 ,twenty-second ,degree1 ,prince of ,libanus1 ,knight of the ,royal ,axe1 #cdj-u4 ,twenty-seventh ,degree1 ,knight ,commander of the ,temple1 #egh-u4 ,twenty-sixth ,degree1 ,prince of ,mercy or ,scottish ,trinitarian1 #ebd4 ,twenty-third ,degree1 ,chief of the ,tabernacle1 #ceb-u4 ,two expresses disorder1 the ,bad principle1 #fcj-m4 ,two independent1 hostile ,gods1 according to the ,manicheans1 #efe-l4 ,two is the ,word2 ,one is the ,principle1 #ggb-u4 ,two principles1 ,good and ,evil1 acknowledged by philosophers1 #ffj-m4 ,two principles the basis of the religion of the ,magi and of ,egypt1 #ffa-l4 ,two principles whereof heaven and earth are forms1 #fee-l4 ,two1 symbol of ,antagonism2 ,good and ,evil2 ,light and ,darkness1 #eg-l4 ,two1 with the ,chinese1 signified disorder1 duplicity1 #fcj-l4 ,typhon1 a power set up as an adversary of ,osiris to account for ,evil1 #ehh-u4 ,typhon3 all stormy passions1 etc41 that agitate material man come from1 #dgf-m4 ,typhon1 born of the earth1 comparable to ,python1 slain by ,apollo1 #cgf-u4 ,typhon1 brother of ,osiris1 slew him and cut his body in pieces1 #dge-l4 ,typhon compared to ignorance by ,plutarch1 #eba-l4 ,typhon derived from ,tupoul1 signifying a tree producing apples1 #cgf-m4 ,typhon1 in morals1 signifies ,pride1 ,ignorance1 ,falsehood1 #cgf-l4 ,typhon is the personification of ,winter1 the desert1 the ocean1 #ddg-l4 ,typhon put ,osiris to death in the ,mysteries of ,isis at ,sais1 #dje-m4 ,typhon1 ,scorpion1 ruled over evil genii of the hemisphere of winter1 #ddi-u4 ,typhon signifies serpent1 life which circulates through all nature1 #cgf-m4 ,typhon signifies the human passions which expel wisdom1 #cgf-m4 ,typhon slew ,osiris when the ,sun was in the sign of ,scorpion1 at the ,autumn1 #cgg-l4 ,typhon1 the brother of ,osiris1 threw his body into the ,nile1 #ehi-m4 ,typhon the principle and source of all evil1 confounded with ,matter1 #bee-u4 ,typhon1 the principle of corruption1 darkness1 evil1 #dgh-u4 ,typhon1 the principle of ,evil or ,darkness1 from the union of earth and ,tartarus1 #fei-l4 ,typhon1 toward autumn the ,woman's heel seems to crush the head of1 #cgf-m4 ,tyrannies of ,rome1 #c-u4 ,tyrants use the force of people to enyoke the people1 #c-l4 ,tyre3 description and symbolism of the furniture of the ,temple at1 #daj-m4 ,tyre1 location of the ,temple of ,malkarth2 old form1 ,tsur1 #i-m4 ,tyre1 the seat of the celebration of the ,phoenician ,mysteries1 #cfc-m4 ,tyrian coins represented serpents in many attitudes1 #eja-u4 ,tyrius1 ,maximus1 says ,god did not spare his son1 ,hercules1 #eib-l4 ,tyrius3 ,symbolic imagery of ,deity defended by ,maximus1 #eae-m4 ,u ,ultimate nature of things probably never will be known1 #gab-u4 ,unbelief of the many1 #bif4 ,understanding1 the ,capacity to be impregnated by the ,active ,energy1 #cje-m4 ,unchanging nature of ,deity compared with his perfect ,freedom1 #fhi-u4 ,uniformity of plan among endless varieties of operation and form1 #fgc-l4 ,union of ,deity with his creatures expressed by the ,hebrew letter ,he1 #fih-l4 ,union of the ,universe with itself termed the ,great ,secrets of ,nature1 #fei-u4 ,union of ,true1 ,beautiful1 ,good in the ,being from whom they emanate1 #gjb-l4 ,union with ,deity the aspiration of the religious sentiment in man1 #feb-m4 ,unit in number ten signifies ,god creating matter1 the #j1 #fbg-u4 ,unit1 in the fecundity of the ,ternary1 forms the ,quaternary1 the ,key of all numbers1 #gga-m4 ,unit is the symbol of identity1 existence1 harmony1 point within the circle1 #fbi-l4 ,unit means a spirit embodied in the virgin earth--nature1 #fbg-m4 ,unit means a ,word incarnate in the bosom of a virgin1 or religion1 #fbg-u4 ,unit1 or monad1 a figure of the cube1 #e-l4 ,unity a necessary sequence from the conception of the ,absolute1 #gjb-l4 ,unity and duality termed the first principles of all existence1 #fcj-l4 ,unity in which the many are and out of which all flow is ,ihuh1 #gfd-u4 ,unity itself and the ,idea of ,unity are two2 ,unity manifested by the ,binary1 #gga-u4 ,unity measured by the ,binary1 #gga-l4 ,unity of ,aristotle's ,first ,mover follows from ,his immateriality1 #fgi-l4 ,unity of ,force underneath the lives1 wishes1 wills of the people of the earth1 #hbi-l4 ,unity of ,god taught in the ,orphic hymn quoted by ,aristobulus1 #dae-u4 ,unity of ,god taught in the ,kabalah1 #fbe-l4 ,unity of ,nature blended with a dim perception of ,spiritual ,essence1 #fhg-m4 ,unity of the ,universe represented by the symbolic egg1 #dae-u4 ,unity3 the links that bind all created things together are the links of a single1 #gfe-m4 ,unity1 the pivot1 source1 center1 the august ,idea of ,pythagoras1 #fbf-u4 ,universal agent adored in the rites of the ,sabbat or the ,temple1 #gcd-m4 ,universal agent adored under figure of ,baphomet or goat of ,mendes1 #gcd-m4 ,universal agent is a force which if controlled would be infinite in power1 #gcd-m4 ,universal agent is the ,life1 principle1 #gcd-l4 ,universal ,cause that was termed ,god2 ancient ideas in reference to1 #fff-u4 ,universal forces called the ,seven great ,archangels1 #gbg-u4 ,universal forces which govern the world create equilibrium by their contrasts1 #gbg-u4 ,universal3 ,his ways are divided and judgment is on our side in the second1 #gid-u4 ,universal idea felt rather than understood1 #fgd-m4 ,universal is an ,idea abstracted from all considerations of individuals1 #gfd-u4 ,universal ,laws of ,god3 we strive to enact our notions into the1 #hcj-u4 ,universal medicine required for the ,soul1 ,mind1 ,body1 by the ,hermetic practice1 #ggc-m4 ,universal ,mover identified with the fluctuations of the ,universe1 #ehh-l4 ,universal ,nature worship a kin to that of the ,universal ,soul1 #eic-u4 ,universal ,principle is ,wisdom1 the ,father of ,fathers1 #gia-m4 ,universal ,reason believed in by ,socrates and ,heraclitus1 #fic-u4 ,universal ,seed represented under the figure of the ,caduceus of ,hermes1 #gge-u4 ,universal ,soul a ,pythagorean doctrine from the ,egyptians1 #fff-m4 ,universal ,soul comprised in ,dionusos2 all soul is a part of the1 #ehf-m4 ,universal ,soul disseminated throughput the world in active operation1 #dgd-m4 ,universal ,soul embraces all1 is all1 and to it all will return1 #fjd-l4 ,universal ,soul idea sprung from doctrine of the ,active and ,passive1 #ffa-m4 ,universal ,soul moves the immortal bodies that form the harmonious system of the heavens1 #ffh-u4 ,universal ,soul organizes the ,zodiac which gathers the varied4 emanations1 #ffi-u4 ,universal ,soul1 the first of the ,masonic ,trinity1 #ege-l4 ,universal ,soul the source of all living things1 #fff-m4 ,universal3 the first person1 ,ani1 ,i1 is used by the second1 #gic-l4 ,universal3 the third person1 ,hua1 ,he1 is used by the first1 #gic-l4 ,universals3 all things are equally one in each of the two1 #gid-u4 ,universals have each a wisdom1 one above1 one below1 #gid-m4 ,universals1 or four1 ,worlds1 are ,aziluth1 ,briah1 ,yetzirah1 ,asiah1 #gei-u4 ,universals1 or four ,worlds1 defined1 #gei-u4 ,universals1 the ,unities out of which manifoldness flows1 #gee-u4 ,universe3 a combination of contraries the cause of the harmony of the1 #ffj-l4 ,universe a harmony1 not a discord1 the eighth ,truth of ,masonry1 #ecf-l4 ,universe a point half way upon the infinite line of eternity1 #hdi-u4 ,universe always existed in the ,divine ,mind1 #hdi-m4 ,universe an emanation from ,god to the ,fellow-,craft1 #fdj-u4 ,universe an immense ,being with an inherent activity1 #ffe-u4 ,universe and all the succession of events present to the infinite before ,creation1 #gfi-u4 ,universe and ,god were one1 according to the ,kabalistic view1 #gfe-m4 ,universe and ,soul separate1 yet omnipresent1 in the ,universe1 #fgb-u4 ,universe and ,world synonymous terms to the ancients1 #cjb-m4 ,universe assigned a double sex by the ,egyptians1 #fee-l4 ,universe became so by the manifestation of the ,thought of ,deity outwardly1 #gjj-m4 ,universe3 ,benignity poured into the ,autocracy of ,deity ensures the succession of the1 #gfi-m4 ,universe came from the ,orphic egg issued from the mouth of ,kneph1 #ehe-u4 ,universe can not be viewed today from the ancient standpoint1 #eie-l4 ,universe communicated its eternal life to animated beings1 #ffe-l4 ,universe composed of the ,active1 or ,divine1 and the ,passive1 or changing1 #fed-m4 ,universe conceived by ,god's ,thought and its creation willed1 #ege-u4 ,universe controlled by the ,word1 ,god's ,thought1 #ege-m4 ,universe created by ,deity through the agency of an infinite will1 #fhd-l4 ,universe created by ,god's ,thought uttered in ,his ,word1 #egf-l4 ,universe emanating from ,deity symbolized by the triangle1 #hbg-m4 ,universe3 every particle is related to each other particle in the1 #hbh-l4 ,universe evolved from the ,word1 #ehb-m4 ,universe existed in the first divine idea1 yet unexpanded1 #fjh-m4 ,universe-,god adored by the ,ancients as ,supreme ,cause1 ,god of ,gods1 #fff-u4 ,universe governed by fixed laws or special ,providences1 #fhd-l4 ,universe has no more a beginning than ,deity himself1 #hdi-u4 ,universe has no voids or empty space1 #hde-m4 ,universe having perpetuity of movement and life1 the ,supreme ,cause1 #ffg-l4 ,universe in action is ,god's mode of operation1 #gaj-u4 ,universe in idea and actuality contained in ,deity to be developed1 #hdi-u4 ,universe in its totality and its parts was filled with intelligences1 #ffi-l4 ,universe in potence followed the ,idea of ,creation in ,deity1 #gfg-u4 ,universe in the beginning but one ,soul1 the ,all1 alone with ,time and space1 #ehb-m4 ,universe intelligent and wise because man1 a part of it1 is so1 #fgj-m4 ,universe is dissolved and renewed in endless succession1 #fjg-l4 ,universe is ,god1 atheistic at bottom is the statement that the1 #gjg-l4 ,universe is ,one1 developing itself into the manifold1 #gfe-m4 ,universe is one ,harmony1 #gcg-m4 ,universe3 ,laws and forces of the1 #ebf-m4 ,universe made by ,ahura ,mazda in #cfe days1 #fac-l4 ,universe made of fire1 water1 earth and all-nourishing ether1 #faa-l4 ,universe moves1 changes1 exists by the ,eternal ,law of ,harmony1 #hbf-m4 ,universe must have been coexistent with ,deity because--1 #fhd-u4 ,universe never began to exist2 created by the ,word1 #ege-u4 ,universe not an immense machine forced into movement1 #ffd-l4 ,universe not only animated1 but intelligent1 #ffi-m4 ,universe of necessities1 sequences of cause and effect1 of life evolved from death1 #hca-u4 ,universe of the ,egyptians a living1 animated being1 like man1 #ffe-l4 ,universe of things is the stream that flows from ,deity2 ,his energy without cessation1 #gfc-l4 ,universe1 or ,god1 likened to the ,ocean by the ,egyptians1 #ffe-m ,universe1 or productive ,earth1 symbolized by the ,square1 #hea-m4 ,universe outformed in the form of ,male and ,female1 #gfc-m4 ,universe plunged into chaos by a single effect without a cause1 #gce-l4 ,universe preserved by ,eternal ,laws1 the expression of ,god's ,thought1 #egg-u4 ,universe proceeded forth from ,deity2 not created by ,him out of nothing1 #gfd-m4 ,universe put in movement by the power of the name of ,adonai1 #ghg-l4 ,universe3 questions concerning the creation or self-existence of the1 #fdh4 ,universe regarded as an intelligent being by some philosophers1 #fgj-u4 ,universe supplied the first model of the ,temple1 #djh-l4 ,universe sustained by the ,divine ,mercies1 #hjj-u4 ,universe1 symbolism indicating the ,power1 ,wisdom1 ,harmony of the1 #bji-l4 ,universe1 symbolized by a cave1 displayed in the ,mysteries1 #dag-u4 ,universe symbolized by an egg1 #bed-m4 ,universe symbolized by the ,temple of ,solomon1 #bjh-l4 ,universe symbolized by ,zoroaster by a serpent1 #dif-l4 ,universe the aggregate of the ideas of all things that exist1 #fgj-m4 ,universe the great ,bible of ,god1 #gae-m4 ,universe1 the ,infinite utterance of one of an infinite number of ,infinite ,thoughts1 #ajj-m4 ,universe the result of the creative ,thought of ,god1 #ehb-l4 ,universe1 the ,thought of ,god pronounced1 always was1 #cjc-u4 ,universe the utterance of the ,divine ,thought1 #hdi-u4 ,universe1 the uttered ,word of ,god1 is infinite in extent1 #cjc-u4 ,universe to the ancients was a living thing1 #eif-m4 ,universe to us a machine1 a great clockwork1 #eie-l4 ,universe vivified by a great ,soul diffused everywhere1 #dad-l4 ,universe void of ,god is an impossible abstraction1 #gjg-l4 ,universe was comprehended in ,deity before it became1 #gjj-m4 ,universe was planned by ,deity and was of ,himself1 though not ,his ,very ,self1 #gfd-m4 ,universe1 whether governed by reason or chance1 of little account if misunderstood1 #fid-m4 ,universe will not conform to any absolute principle or arbitrary theory1 #hca-u4 ,universe with ,soul inherent1 an ancient idea1 #fgb-u4 ,universe would be a failure without the reconciliation of ,good and ,evil1 #gfg-m4 ,upanischads asserts and develops the doctrine of the ,mantras1 #fgb-l4 ,uriel1 the face of an ,eagle1 on the ,east and forward1 with ,vau and ,air1 #gih-m4 ,urn1 symbolism of the1 #eai-m4 ,uschas and ,mitra are ,medie as well as ,zend ,deities1 #fjb-u4 ,uschas1 the ,dawn1 leads forth the ,gods in the morning1 #fjb-m4 ,utopia not possible with men having bodily wants and human passions1 #hce-m4 ,utterance of the name of the ,great ,god unlawful1 #fai-l4 ,v ,vacant space for ,worlds formed by the recession of the ,primal ,light1 #gdg-gej4 ,vacant space formed by the contraction of ,deity within ,himself at ,creation1 #gff-u4 ,vacant space1 the ,primal ,space1 called in the ,kabalah ,auira ,kadmah1 was square1 #gej-m4 ,valentinians distinguished three orders of existence2 described1 #efj-l4 ,valentinians venerated the generative organs1 symbols of fruitfulness1 #fef-m4 ,valentinus defined ,god as exalted above all possibility of designation1 #eee-u4 ,valentinus published the ,materia ,prima containing an ,hermetic symbol1 #hej-m4 ,valentinus1 reared a ,christian at ,alexandria1 held ,god was an ,abyss1 #eei-l4 ,value of little things and humble efforts1 #bcj4 ,van ,helmont asserts spiritual beings possess limited divine power1 #fhd-l4 ,varouna1 the ,all ,encompasser1 almost as extensive as ,indra1 #fjb-m4 ,vase of water in ,mysteries to symbolize purification by water1 #dab-m4 ,vau and ,he comprehend all things2 all are one system1 #hjj-m4 ,vau1 in the triliteral word1 denotes the six members of the ,microprosopos1 #gic-l4 ,vau is ,beauty and ,harmony1 #gih-m4 ,vau is denoted ,microprosopos and is composed of the six parts that follow ,hakemah and ,binah1 #gid-l4 ,vau is ,tepharth considered as ,unity1 in which are the six members2 itself is one1 #gii-l4 ,vau is ,yod moved lengthwise1 as communication is from above to below1 #gib-l4 ,vau moved sideways produces superfices1 which is ,daleth1 #gib-l4 ,vaults1 subterranean1 represent--1 #bjh-l4 ,vav gave light to ,yod by which great energy was conferred on ,hakemah1 #gef-u4 ,vav1 in the middle of the three ,yods1 denotes ,hakemah1 #gfc-m ,vav is both male and female1 #gfc-m4 ,vav is ,tephareth1 #geh-u4 ,vav of the ,tetragrammaton in ,adam ,kadmon as ,ruach1 #geg-u4 ,vav with ,yod and ,he completes the ,triliteral ,name1 #cbc-m4 ,veda apostrophized as living beings the physical objects of worship1 #fjb-m ,veda contains the most ancient religious effusions1 #fjb-m4 ,vedanta and ,myaya philosophy regarding ,god and the ,soul1 #fjg-u4 ,vedanta philosophy maintained the divine unity1 #fgc-u ,vedas detail the creation of the world1 #fji-l4 ,vedas the voice of the universal organism called ,pooroosha1 #fgc-u4 ,vedic book1 ,antareya ,a'ran'ya1 gives an account of the creation1 #fji-u ,vedic ,gods1 their origin and signification1 #fjb-fab4 ,vedic spirit a pantheist monotheism1 #fgb-l4 ,vegetable ,kingdom symbolized by ,schib2 studied by the ,fellow-,craft1 #fcb-u4 ,veil2 noises1 lightning1 thunder preceded the lowering of the1 #dcc-u4 ,veil removed revealed the image of the ,goddess of the ,mysteries1 #dcc-u4 ,veils of four colors represented the four elements1 #dji-m4 ,venus inspires the soul with desires while passing through1 #dci-m4 ,venus represents ,charity1 #gbg-l4 ,venus1 the name of the second gate of the ladder2 material1 tin1 #dad-u4 ,verity3 there is a method of knowing the incontestable1 #hdb-m4 ,vernal ,equinox brought soft winds and warmth1 #ddd-m4 ,vernal ,equinox most fully develops the creative or demiurge energy1 #dgc-u4 ,vernal ,equinox2 ,principle of ,good overcomes that of ,evil at the1 #ffd-m4 ,vernal ,equinox2 ,sun #d1ejj years ago in ,gemini at the1 #dja-l4 ,vernal ,equinox3 the demiourgic action and energy most active at the1 #ffd-m4 ,vernal ,equinox3 the ,israelites marched out of ,egyptian bondage at the1 #dff-m4 ,very ,deity is all that may possibly be besides all that is1 was1 shall be1 #hai-m4 ,vessels comparable to the ,kings produced by ,binah1 #gig-u4 ,vessels contain within themselves the light of the sphere1 #gee-m4 ,vessels of the ,sephiroth below ,binah broken that evil might be created1 #gia-l4 ,vessels somewhat opaque and not so splendid as the light1 #gee-m4 ,vessels were partitions between the greater and lesser ,splendor1 #gee-m4 ,vestige of ,his ,light remains in the vacant space formed by ,deity's contraction1 #gff-u4 ,vestige of the ,sublime ,brilliance exists in a spherical shape1 termed splendor1 #gea-u4 ,vestiges of the ,light1 #gdg-gej4 ,vestiges of the seven ,numerations formed by the light flowing down from ,binah1 #gig-u4 ,vestments of the ,high ,priest and furniture described1 #dji-u4 ,vice1 condemnation for an undeserved reputation for1 #aca-l4 ,vice generally rewarded with contempt and infamy1 #gje-l4 ,vice only degrades men who are ennobled by virtue1 #fbb-l4 ,vice punished in this life1 #aja-u4 ,victory3 ,god's ,will is not defeated nor thwarted1 and that is the ,divine1 #hdh-l4 ,victory is one of the last four of the ,sephiroth of the ,kabalah1 #hdh-l4 ,victory1 one of the ,sephiroth1 the column ,jachin1 #bfg-l4 ,victory over the human in man by the ,divine the true ,holy ,empire1 #hee-u4 ,vingolf or ,gimli the ,heaven of the ,icelanders1 #fai-m4 ,virgil enunciated the doctrine of the preexistence of souls in eternal fire1 #cii-l4 ,virgil1 in the ,georgics1 states that life returns to the ,universal life1 #fff-l4 ,virgil's verse borrowed from the ceremonies of initiation1 #cha-m4 ,virgin mother idea among ancients1 #ajd-u4 ,virgin of the ,zodiac bitten in the heel by the ,serpent1 #dig-l4 ,virgin3 ,spica ,virginis and ,arcturus heralded the coming of the ,sun1 #ejg-u4 ,virgin3 the march of time1 seasons and epochs of the year connected with the1 #ejg-u4 ,virgo and ,bootes at the ,autumnal ,equinox introduce the serpent1 #dee-l4 ,virgo at the ,winter ,solstice rose with the ,sun in her bosom1 #dee-l4 ,virgo becomes ,isis with ,horus in her arms1 #dee-m4 ,virgo in the domicile of ,mercury1 the device of ,napthali1 #dfb-u4 ,virgo3 ,mercury was the companion and counsellor of ,isis or the1 #ejg-m4 ,virgo named because of the ,gleaning ,virgin at ,harvest1 #ddf-m4 ,virgo represented by ,isis and ,ceres at the ,vernal ,equinox1 #ejf-m4 ,virgo takes the name of ,isis1 or the ,moon1 and appears in all the fables1 #ejg-m4 ,virtue and ,wisdom1 only1 defend and perfect man1 #hjc-l4 ,virtue as necessary to happiness a fundamental principle of the ,hindu religion1 #fjd-m4 ,virtue assailed gains strength from resisted temptations1 #aid-l4 ,virtue1 credit given for an undeserved reputation for1 #aca-l4 ,virtue ennobles men and vice only degrades them1 #fbb-l4 ,virtue exists in the perception and thought of a mind1 #bja-l4 ,virtue in man shown in respect and love of others--justice1 charity1 #gjc-u4 ,virtue in this world the condition of happiness in another life1 #gaf-l4 ,virtue is equilibrium in the ,affections1 #hde-u4 ,virtue is the truest liberty2 the best example1 #aha-l4 ,virtue means manliness chiefly1 and includes patient endurance1 #hjc-l4 ,virtue not always rewarded1 nor vice punished1 in this life1 #gje-l4 ,virtue rewarded in this life1 #aja-u4 ,virtue3 ,sir ,launcelot thought no chivalry equal to that of1 #hjc-l4 ,virtue the highest good and aim and purpose of man's life1 #bbf-l4 ,virtue the prize of the hard-fought battle or race1 #aha-m4 ,virtue the surest road to happiness1 #gje-l4 ,virtue1 the work of genius less noble than that of1 #cdi-l4 ,virtue1 ,truth1 ,honor1 and fidelity to vows prove the true ,knight1 #hjh-u4 ,virtue1 ,truth is the foundation of1 #ahd-l4 ,virtue1 unfortunate1 hopes to be rewarded in another life1 #gag-u4 ,virtue without happiness is a contradiction and a disorder1 #gbd-m4 ,virtues1 by labor will man continually learn the1 #cdb-m4 ,virtues of man are ,god's attributes1 #gjd-u4 ,virtues of ,masonry1 four cardinal1 #ba-m4 ,virtues turned into offenses against a forced1 impractical law1 #hca-m4 ,vishnu1 the ,preserver1 manifested by his avatars or impersonations1 #fjc4 ,vishnu1 the ,preserving ,power of the ,hindu ,trinity1 #eej-m4 ,vishnu to judge the world at the last day3 new ,universe created1 #fbc-m4 ,vishnu1 with ,bramah and ,seeva1 manifestations of the ,one ,deity1 #bje-u4 ,visible is for us the proportional measure of the invisible1 #gfi-l4 ,visible the measure of the invisible1 #bbb-u4 ,vital force of some persons absorbed by others1 #gce-u4 ,vitellius1 #c-u4 ,vitellius1 horrors of despotism under1 #bg-u4 ,void does not exist in the ,universe1 nor does empty space1 #hde-m4 ,void into which the ,sun and ,stars went on setting1 #eie-m4 ,volatile applied to everything that more readily obeys the law of movement1 #ggh-l4 ,voltaire1 throughout the ages will ring the words of1 #dc-u4 ,vote of the ,people expresses the ,active ,energy of the ,will of the ,present1 #hfj-u4 ,vows and obligations to be well considered and kept1 #aaa-l4 ,vows of obedience1 chastity1 poverty1 taken by the ,hospitallers and ,templars1 #hjb-u4 ,w ,war1 for great principle1 noble2 for commercial supremacy1 despicable1 #gj-m4 ,war1 prevalence and effects of1 #big-bih4 ,war1 results of1 #abd-l4 ,washington adored because of his constant effort to be practically just1 #hcf-l4 ,water1 a test representing the purifying of the soul in the march of years1 #cig-u4 ,water and the vessel that produced it the primitive principle of things1 #die-m4 ,water formed by the action of a force of ,god on two invisible gases1 #hde-l4 ,water gives the elements and principles of compounds nutriment1 #ghd-m4 ,water1 the source of all things1 one of the symbols of regeneration in the ,mysteries1 #ceg-l4 ,waters and great rivers symbolized by a ,dragon1 #dih-l4 ,waters first created by a thought of the ,sole1 ,self ,existing ,power1 #fjh-l4 ,waters of forgetfulness1 ,rivers ,ameles and ,lethe1 #dci-u4 ,wealth1 degeneration of the families of1 #cdg-l4 ,wealth1 evils of thirst for1 #fh-m4 ,wealth1 laudable methods of employing1 #cdh-u4 ,webb1 explanations and improvements of1 #aje-m4 ,wellington1 saved by ,blucher1 defeats ,napoleon1 #db-m4 ,well being1 that wealth is to be acquired in a short time is against human1 #cde-m4 ,west1 faith of the people of the ,east connected with that of the1 #bdg-l4 ,what is above is like what is below and what is below is like what is above1 ,hermetic ,dogma1 #gij-m4 ,white and black in juxtaposition a symbol of the two ,principles1 #hah-m4 ,white stone promised the faithful in the ,apocalypse1 #gge-l4 ,white was of the nature of the ,good ,principle1 or light1 #ffb-m4 ,wicked1 according to the ,edda1 shall go to ,hel and then to ,nifthel1 #fai-m4 ,wicked ultimately pardoned and admitted to endless bliss1 #fbd-u4 ,will action independent or outside the body not understood1 #gcc-l4 ,will and ,capacity which unite to produce the ,act of ,intellection is always in conjunction1 #gff-l4 ,will concentration necessary to success1 #gcc-m4 ,will is a ,force1 #ia-u4 ,will is the faculty that directs the forces of the ,intellect1 #gch-u4 ,will1 like ,thought1 seems spontaneous2 both ,powers1 #egd-u4 ,will1 ,man distinguished from the brute by the mastery of his1 #aib-l4 ,will of ,deity as ,wisdom and the ,capacity are ,father and ,mother of all that is1 #gff-l4 ,will of ,deity caused the ,power in ,him to exist1 the intellectual faculty to exercise1 #gff-m4 ,will of ,deity determined ,him to frame the idea of the ,universe1 #gff-m4 ,will of ,deity flows forth as the ,generative ,power to beget intellectual action1 #gff-m4 ,will of ,deity is ,kether1 ,crown1 in which are included all other ,emanations1 #gff-u4 ,will of ,god and his perfect ,freedom difficult of comprehension1 #fhi-u4 ,will of ,god is the ,soul of all things that are1 #gee-u4 ,will of ,god not defeated nor thwarted and that is the ,divine ,victory1 #hdh-l4 ,will of ,god only works in the material world1 no secondary finite will1 #hbh-m4 ,will power and influence little understood1 #gcc-m4 ,will1 strong and determined1 can attain complete independence1 #gij-l4 ,will to create was ,creation2 to plan was to will and create1 #gff-l4 ,wills of others subject ours or are subjected by ours1 #gce4 ,wind the breath of the universal organism called ,pooroosha1 #fgc-u4 ,winter became emblematic of sin1 evil and suffering1 #ddg-l4 ,winter3 fallen angels ruled by a chief controlled the hemisphere of1 #ddi-u4 ,winter ,solstice brought frost and long nights1 #dde-u4 ,winter ,solstice1 ,sun was said to die and be born again at the1 #dfd-l4 ,winter's continuance betokened by ,prometheus chained in his cavern1 #eib-m4 ,wisdom3 a serpent extended at length was a symbol of ,divine1 #dif-m4 ,wisdom an attainable idea1 #fic-u4 ,wisdom and ,intellectual ,generative ,energy is male1 #cje-m4 ,wisdom and ,love1 in ,infinity1 orders and does all that is1 #hei-u4 ,wisdom and ,power in equilibrium gives the principles of ,truth1 ,justice1 ,right1 #hei-u4 ,wisdom and ,power of ,deity are in equilibrium1 #g-l4 ,wisdom and ,understanding are in ,equilibrium in the ,sohar1 #cje-m4 ,wisdom and ,understanding in the ,kabalah are male and female1 #cje-m4 ,wisdom and ,will of ,deity act simultaneously1 #gff-u4 ,wisdom called ,nous and ,logos1 ,intellect or the ,word1 #bfg-l4 ,wisdom communicated to ,jesus the perfect ,knowledge1 ,gnosis1 #efc-l4 ,wisdom conjoined with ,intelligence generates and are expanded in the ,truth1 #hjj-u4 ,wisdom1 ,force1 ,harmony1 the ,great ,attributes of the ,essence of ,deity1 #eca-m4 ,wisdom in aiming at the best and being content with the best possible1 #hce-u4 ,wisdom in each ,universal1 one above1 one below1 #gia-m4 ,wisdom in ,hebrew writings is the ,word of ,god1 #cbc-l4 ,wisdom in ,kabalistic books is the creative agent of ,god1 #cbc-l4 ,wisdom1 ,infinite1 rules in the ,divine nature and in its ,emanations1 #gfh-m4 ,wisdom is equilibrium in the ,thoughts1 #hde-u4 ,wisdom is the ,all1 and contains the ,all1 and the summary is the ,holy ,name1 #gic-u4 ,wisdom is the ,logos that creates1 #cbc-m4 ,wisdom is the principle of all things2 in it beginning and end are found1 #gfb-m4 ,wisdom is the ,principle of the ,universe and from it thirty ways diverge1 #gid-m4 ,wisdom issuing and shining from the ,ancient shines as male and female1 #hjj-u4 ,wisdom1 made fruitful by the ,divine ,light1 produced ,christos and ,sophia-,achamoth1 #efc-u4 ,wisdom must be possessed in the ,absolute before ,hermetic work can be thought of1 #ggf-u4 ,wisdom1 ,occult1 conformed into male and female1 ,rigor and ,love1 #gif-u4 ,wisdom of ,god is ,his ,will2 ,his ,will includes ,his ,wisdom1 #cbc-m4 ,wisdom of ,god the mother of ,creation1 #bea-l4 ,wisdom of man a reflection of that of ,god1 #bea-l4 ,wisdom of the daughter1 or inferior1 distinguished from the ,superior ,wisdom1 #efe-u4 ,wisdom of the ,divine limits the ,divine ,will2 the result ,beauty or ,harmon1 #hdf-l4 ,wisdom of the ,stoic and ,epicurean contrasted1 #fid-m4 ,wisdom1 or the ,infinite ,divine ,intelligence1 a side of the ,masonic triangle1 #hbf-m4 ,wisdom1 pregnant with all that is1 shone under the form of male and female1 #gfc-m4 ,wisdom represented by the ,master of a ,lodge1 #g-l4 ,wisdom1 ,strength1 ,harmony represented by the ,triple ,tau1 #ejc-l4 ,wisdom1 ,supernal1 is ,yod and all things are included in ,yod1 #gic-u4 ,wisdom synonymous with the ,word1 ,son1 ,einsoph1 the ,nous1 ,sophia1 #efe-u4 ,wisdom taught by consequences of erring1 #aha-u4 ,wisdom the first produced and the ,mother of all that exists4 #eec-u4 ,wisdom the ,mother of ,creation1 #eeb-l4 ,wisdom1 when expanded by flowing forth1 is called the ,father of ,fathers1 #gfb-m4 ,wisdom which thought the plan1 #eca-m4 ,wolf chased by ,sagittarius the emblem of ,benjamin1 the hunter1 #dfa-l4 ,woman in the constellation at the end of ,autumn seems to crush the head of the ,serpent1 #cgf-m4 ,woman is man's creation1 #ggb-u4 ,woman's perversity devised to account for moral evil1 #fij-m4 ,word1 a symbol is the pronunciation of the1 #bje-m4 ,word1 an allegory is made out of the loss of the ,true1 #bje-l4 ,word and ,secret2 an understanding of the ,hermetic necessary to an understanding of the1 #ggg-l4 ,word and the ,sacred ,name synonymous1 #bjd-l4 ,word1 as ,brahma1 communicated to man the revelations to himself1 #fjd-u4 ,word became flesh1 dwelt with us1 and in ,him were ,pleroma1 ,truth1 ,grace1 #eei-l4 ,word becomes flesh and dwells among men2 communicates itself to men1 #ege-m4 ,word1 ,christ proclaims a new ,god's1 #cji-u4 ,word communicated living ,power to man1 #eih-m4 ,word created by ,god to give existence to men2 the ,ensoph of the ,kabalah1 #efe-u4 ,word created the ,universe which1 like ,him1 never began to exist1 #ege-u4 ,word evolved the ,universe1 #ehb-m4 ,word1 examples of the personification of the1 #bfh-l4 ,word1 found in the ,phoenician creed1 #bfh-m4 ,word from the ,father1 by its power1 brought the ,light of ,existence1 #eha-l4 ,word given to initiate of ,chinese and ,japanese ,mysteries1 #dbi-u4 ,word given to the initiate of the ,indian mysteries1 #dbh-m4 ,word1 ,god reveals ,himself to us by ,his uttered1 #cbd-u4 ,word1 ,hebrews not permitted to pronounce now the1 #bjd-m4 ,word1 in verity1 of a ,master ,mason1 #hfa-l4 ,word ,incarnate adored by three ,magi1 guided by a star1 bearing gifts1 #gcj-l4 ,word is ,light and the ,life of ,humanity1 #hdi-l4 ,word is lost when it ceases to be understood1 #gca-m4 ,word is the ,first and ,only begotten of the ,father1 #hdi-l4 ,word is the ,first ,begotten1 not the first created ,son of ,god1 #ggb-m4 ,word is ,two3 ,principle is ,one1 #ggb-u4 ,word1 ,jehovah not the ,ineffable1 #bje-m4 ,word1 ,light and ,life are emanations from the ,primal ,deity1 #efh-l4 ,word1 ,logos1 dwells in ,god in whom all his powers and attributes develop1 #eeb-l4 ,word1 ,logos1 through which ,god acts on the ,universe1 #eeb-l4 ,word1 meaning of superstitious notions concerning the1 #bje-u4 ,word not only ,creator1 but occupies the place of the ,supreme ,being1 #bea-l4 ,word of a ,mason found in the meaning of the ineffable ,name1 #fig-m4 ,word of a ,master ,mason1 the true knowledge of ,god1 #bji-u4 ,word of a ,master supposed to be lost symbolizes the ,christian faith after--1 #fda-l4 ,word of ,god the universal invisible ,light1 cognizable by the senses1 #gdb-u4 ,word of ,masonry a symbol of ,ormuzd1 #bef-l4 ,word of ,plato and the ,gnostics3 the unuttered word within the ,deity1 #eeb-m4 ,word or ,thought expressed the third in the ,masonic ,trinity1 #ege-l4 ,word1 out of original truths misunderstood grew fables of the1 #bje-u4 ,word1 representing the ,absolute1 the reason for strange rites of initiation1 #hdj-m4 ,word1 ,sacred1 written by ,isis1 but effaced by ,typhon as soon as written1 #cgf-l4 ,word said to be a personified object of prayer1 revealed and manifested1 #fac-l4 ,word2 symbolism of the ,alexandrian unspeakable1 #gbh-u4 ,word1 symbolism of the ignorance of the ,true1 #bbc-m4 ,word symbolizes the ,saviour himself1 #fdb-u4 ,word1 synonymous with ,son1 ,wisdom2 the ,ormuzd of ,zoroaster1 #efe-u4 ,word that is the utterance and expression of being and life is that of the ,absolute1 #hda-l4 ,word1 ,the1 appears in ancient sects1 #bga-l4 ,word1 the ever living emanation of the ,deity1 by virtue of which the world exists1 #fac-u4 ,word1 the highest conception of ,deity we can form is the ,true1 #bbc-m4 ,word1 the ,image of the ,supreme ,being1 ,logos1 #bea-u4 ,word1 ,the1 in the ,phoenician ,cosmogony1 #bgh-m4 ,word1 the instrumentality through which the warfare against death is carried on1 #fac-u4 ,word1 ,the1 is ,ormuzd1 ,ainsoph1 ,nous1 ,sophia1 or ,demiourgos1 #bga-l4 ,word1 ,the1 is the reason of belief2 the source of ,logic3 ,jesus is the ,word incarnate1 #cbc-l4 ,word1 the manifestation and expression of ,god's ,thought1 #ege-l4 ,word1 the manifestation and mode of communication of ,god's ,thought1 #ege-u4 ,word1 the powers and attributes of ,god act through the1 #bea-l4 ,word the protector of men and their ,shepherd1 #bea-l4 ,word1 ,the1 spoken of by ,philo as being the same with ,god1 #bfi-u4 ,word1 the statement of ,arius concerning the1 #bgi-l4 ,word1 the synonym for ,wisdom1 ,intellect1 #bfg-l4 ,word1 the ,true1 is ineffable because--1 #bbc-m4 ,word1 the utterance of the thought of ,god1 #eeb-m4 ,word1 ,the1 various assertions concerning1 #bhj-bha4 ,word1 triple1 of ,pythagoras1 #ig-m4 ,word united itself with ,jesus1 son of ,joseph and ,mary1 #efd-l4 ,word was in common use and written1 #bjd-m4 ,word was in the beginning with ,god and was ,god1 #hdi-m4 ,word1 when lost1 #bje-l4 ,word which was lost found after ,christ's ascent from the tomb1 #fdb-u4 ,word with man at the beginning and that ,word from ,god1 #eih-m4 ,word worn on the person as an amulet1 #bjd-m4 ,words formed by the reversion of letters of former words2 examples1 #fii-m4 ,words inadequate to express conception of ,deity1 hence personification1 #fgb-l4 ,words nothing but letters and their combinations1 #gdi-m4 ,words refer to things and are images of what is material1 #efi-u4 ,work done worthy of ,masonry and acceptable to ,god1 #cea-u4 ,work1 from first to last ,masonry is1 #cdj-u4 ,work is noble2 ease for neither ,god nor man1 #cdj-l4 ,work is prayer2 is life1 #cdb-u4 ,work1 not wholly in vain is any good1 #bcj-m4 ,work of lowly and uninfluential important2 instances--1 #da-db4 ,work1 there is a nobleness and sacredness in1 #cda-l4 ,workman of the ,deity is ,yod1 according to the ,kabalah1 #gib-l4 ,workingman1 condition of the1 #agi4 ,workingman1 the hero of ,masonry is a1 #cdj-u4 ,works1 ,doubt1 ,sorrow1 ,remorse1 ,indignation shrink away when man1 #cdb-u4 ,world a great plain to the ancients1 #eic-l4 ,world and all its parts in ,god1 the ,supreme ,cause1 #ffg-m4 ,world and its modes will ever exist by the eternal qualities of the ,active and ,passive1 #fed-l ,world and its spherical envelope represented by the mystic egg1 #djj-u4 ,world and ,man made in the image of ,ialdaboth in order to--1 #efc-m4 ,world cognizable by the ,intellect has the ,hermetic ,theology and the ,kabalah1 #ghe-m4 ,world compared to man1 #ffg-l4 ,world consumed by the comet1 ,gurzsher1 #fbc-l4 ,world created by ,fear did not subsist until ,compassion was adjoined1 #gif-l4 ,world created by ,ormurzd in six periods of #ejj years each1 #beh-u4 ,world created by the ,logos 7,word71 #beb-l4 ,world declined into idolatry and barbarism1 #eii-l4 ,world1 different views of by different men1 #aic4 ,world first created by ,judgment1 but it could not subsist1 #hjj-u4 ,world formed by the creative principle out of matter1 the ,triad1 #fca-m4 ,world good enough if men will do the best they know how1 #fif-m4 ,world is a whole which has its harmony1 for ,god could make none other1 #gjg-l4 ,world judged by ,vishnu2 consumed by fire2 new ,universe created1 #fbc-m4 ,world not merely a material and mechanical machine1 #dad-l4 ,world of action produces clashing of passion and conflict of interests1 #fif-u4 ,world of ,ideas created by ,god2 material world by ,his ,logos1 #bea-l4 ,world of ,inanity1 the first ,world1 could not continue because it had no human conformation1 #gie-u4 ,world of matter a revelation of fear to the ,northern savages1 #gac-l4 ,world of restitution formed throughout in the human form1 #gid-l4 ,world of restitution instituted after evil was made possible1 #gid-l4 ,world of restitution instituted after the fashion of the ,balance1 #gid-l4 ,world of the ,balance refers to the other ,world1 #gfb-l4 ,world of the covering1 or garment1 is the inmost1 nearest his substance1 #gdi-m4 ,world of the garment has a name which includes all things3 ,ihuh1 #gej-u4 ,world peopled by ,christs would be relieved of the ills of society1 #gah-l4 ,world perfect and good because ,god made it1 #gje-m4 ,world-producing egg figures in all cosmogonies1 #gga-l4 ,world represented by a blue circle1 flames and a serpent with a hawk's head1 #die-m4 ,world represented by the number five3 earth1 water1 air1 fire1 ether1 #fcd-,u4 ,world1 the germ of creation communicated to ,wisdom brought forth the1 #bea-l4 ,world1 the great and appointed school of industry is the1 #cdd-m4 ,world1 the necessary logical condition of ,god2 ,his necessitated consequence1 #gjh-l4 ,world2 the ,sephiroth were points1 one below the other in the first1 #gie-u4 ,world1 the visible ,world the image of the invisible1 #beb-l4 ,world1 unimportance of the ,universe and importance of our1 #cjb-m4 ,world what we make it by character and adaption1 #aic4 ,world will end when the ,redeemer has attracted to ,himself the ,light or ,soul of ,matter1 #eff-l4 ,world-wonder all around us1 #bdd-m4 ,world worth living in1 #adj-m4 ,world would be a ,paradise if all men were true ,masons1 #ecj-l4 ,worlds could not be framed in the ,primal ,ether because of--1 #gej-l4 ,world's disorder seems to impugn the justice and goodness of ,god1 #gje-m4 ,worlds1 four1 represented by ,yod1 ,he1 ,vau2 ,he1 #gih-m4 ,worlds in actuality produced from the ,sepiroth ,malakoth1 #ged-u4 ,world's mystery remains but sufficiently cleared to inspire confidence1 #fif-m4 ,worlds of the ,kabalah are four3 ,emanation2 ,creation2 ,formation2 ,fabrication1 #gfh-m4 ,worlds produced by the potentialities of the ,sephiroth becoming actualities1 #gee-l4 ,worship1 a teaching1 should be magnificent1 not mean1 #ajb-u4 ,worship of an abstraction not possible1 must have some form1 #ead-l4 ,worship of nature seems to have emanated from ,iranian races1 #fja-l4 ,worship of the ,active and ,passive divisions of the ,great ,first ,cause widespread1 #fec-l4 ,worship of the ,heavenly ,bodies by different peoples1 #deg4 ,worship of the things symbolized superseded that of ,god1 #fja-m4 ,worship of ,zoroastrians principally hymns and prayers1 #fag-l4 ,worship1 only those initiated were admitted to the private1 #ceb-u4 ,worship1 the ,mysteries constituted the private1 #ceb-u4 ,worships1 among ancient nations were public and private1 #ceb-u4 ,wreaths of laurel as a reward for--1 #aeg-m4 ,writing in hieroglyphs revived to hide the true meaning of the doctrine1 #gcb-l4 ,written human speech gives power and permanency to human thought1 #ed-m4 ,wrong conflicts with justice and falls1 #hcj-u4 ,wrong done to another an injury to our own ,nature1 #abg-m4 ,wrong1 evil1 suffering but temporary and discords1 #egg-u4 ,wrong in human nature yields to the divine in us1 #acc-l4 ,wrong is surely unsuccessful2 the ,knave deceives himself1 #hcg-l4 ,wrongdoer often does more injury to himself1 #acd-u4 ,wrongdoer who exults in his acts1 no benedictions for the1 #acd-u4 ,wrongdoers1 without revenge or anger should come the punishment of1 #ge-m4 ,wrongful acts1 no remittance of the natural effects of1 #abg-l4 ,x ,xenophanes acknowledged the unsatisfactory results of ,philosophy1 #jic-l4 ,xenophanes advocated ,monotheism1 #fgh-m4 ,xenophanes called the universal being spherical1 #fgf-u4 ,xenophanes used material imagery to illustrate an indefinite meaning1 #fgf-u4 ,y ,y1 alludes to the ,triune ,god and is the ineffable name in ,chinese1 #dbi-m4 ,yahveh1 see ,iahaveh1 #ajd-m4 ,yazata a personified object of prayer1 #fac-l4 ,year of the ,romans commenced at the ,winter ,solstice1 #dfd-l4 ,year's commencement fixed by different nations at one of four periods1 #dfd-l4 ,yesod characterized as the ,generative member of the symbolic human figure1 #gfg-m4 ,yesod is stability and permanence from which flows ,malakoth1 ,empire1 ,rule1 #gfg-m4 ,yesod1 one of the ,sephiroth2 ,foundation or ,basis2 by which all worlds are upheld1 #gec-m4 ,yesod1 the male organ of ,adam ,kadmon1 #geh-u4 ,yesod1 the result of ,victory and ,glory1 ,netsach and ,hod1 in the ,kabalah1 #gfg-u4 ,yesirah1 the ,world of ,formation of the ,sephiroth ,theology1 #ii-m4 ,yod1 a smaller receptacle than ,crown1 but filled from that source1 #gec-u4 ,yod1 added to the ternary name of ,eve1 gives the ,kabalistic word ,jehova1 #gga-m4 ,yod and ,he represent the ,male and ,female principles in equilibrium1 #cbc-m4 ,yod comprehends the principle called ,father 7the ,male or ,generative ,principle71 #gfc-l4 ,yod created the becoming world2 for ,yod includes two letters1 #gfc-l4 ,yod descended into the vacant space to lessen the ,light1 #ged-l4 ,yod of the ,tetragrammaton as ,neschamah ,leneschamah in ,adam ,kadmon1 #geg-u4 ,yod1 ,he1 denotes ,hakemah and ,binah1 #ghi-m4 ,yod1 ,he1 of the anterior or male1 and ,vav ,he1 of the posterior or female1 #gej-u4 ,yod1 ,he1 or ,jah1 is bi-sexual1 #hdi-m4 ,yod1 ,he ,vau1 denotes ,gedulah1 ,geburah1 ,tephareth1 #gih-m4 ,yod1 ,he1 ,vau1 ,he1 is the name of ,deity manifested in the act of ,creation1 #hdi-u4 ,yod impregnated the letter ,he1 and begets a son1 #gfc-l4 ,yod in the triangle is the initial of the last word of the ,trinity1 #ghb-l4 ,yod1 in the ,kabalah1 is the opifex1 workman of the ,deity1 #gib-l4 ,yod1 in the ,kabalah1 the ,creative energy of ,god1 #af-l4 ,yod is ,hakemah1 #geh-u4 ,yod is male2 in it are three ,yods1 the upper and lower apex and the middle1 #gfc-m4 ,yod is primal1 like one1 first among numbers2 like a point1 first before all bodies1 #gib-l4 ,yod is the beginning and end of all things that are2 the ,father of all1 #gfc-l4 ,yod is the beginning and end of all things which are contained in ,yod1 #gic-u4 ,yod is the symbol of ,wisdom and of the ,father1 the ,principle1 #gib-l4 ,yod lost its brilliancy when it descended from the ,shekinah1 #gea-m4 ,yod moved lengthwise produces a line1 which is ,vau1 #gib-l4 ,yod not as brilliant as the ,primal ,ether1 #gea-u4 ,yod1 on his ascension left behind him the productive light of the letter ,he1 #gea-l4 ,yod placed in a pit of shadow made by the ,creator1 #ggb-u4 ,yod produced by ,emanation by the ,creator1 #ggb-u4 ,yod1 symbol of ,unity2 symbolism of--1 #ae-m4 ,yod1 the ,father1 approaches ,he1 the ,mother1 according to the ,siphra de ,zeniutha1 #gic-u4 ,yod1 ,the ,fountain gushing with ,wisdom1 #gec-u4 ,yod1 the image of the ,kabalistic ,phallus1 represents the human ,tetragram1 #gga-m4 ,yod uttered by ,wisdom creates worlds1 first as an ,idea1 #cbc-m4 ,yod's light increased when the letter ,he communicated to him her light1 #gea-m4 ,yod's middle is ,hakemah2 ,hakemah is ,father1 #gfc-m4 ,yod's number is ten2 ,vau is six1 ,daleth is four1 equal to that of ,yod1 #gib-l4 ,yod's plenitude1 the name of the letter spelled1 is--1 #gib-l4 ,yods sometimes compose the ,tetractys of ,pythagoras1 #fj-l4 ,yod's upper apex denotes the ,supreme ,kether2 the lower apex ,binah1 #gfc-m4 ,york ,rite explanation of ,lodge and ladder1 #i-l4 ,york ,rite explanation of symbolic meaning of ,ashlars1 #e-u4 ,york ,rite explanation of symbols1 #af-m4 ,yn and ,yang signify repose and motion amongst ,chinese1 #fcj-l4 ,z ,z1 the initial of ,zeus because of its resemblance to the figure seven1 #fce-l4 ,zagreus dismembered2 protected by the dance of the ,curetes1 #ehe-l4 ,zagreus the same as ,dionusos2 entrusted with the thunderbolt1 #ehe-l4 ,zayo1 is the third ,sephirah1 the intellectual producing capacity1 #gda-u4 ,zebulon dwelt on the sea shore1 his device is ,capricorn1 the tail of a fish1 #dfa-l4 ,zechariah1 visions of2 symbolism of numbers1 #eh-u4 ,zend-,avesta1 borrowed from and added to the ,jewish doctrine1 #bef-u4 ,zend-,avesta1 ,doctrines and teachings of the1 #bef-beh4 ,zend-,avesta1 ,god's nature in the1 #bef-m4 ,zend-,avesta1 ,kabalists and ,gnostics adopted doctrines of the1 #bhb-l4 ,zend-,avesta1 many doctrines of ,revelations found in the1 #bgc-m4 ,zend-,avesta1 ,persian faith and doctrines as taught in the1 #bhb4 ,zend-,avesta1 the ,creator called the ,ancient of ,days in the1 #bff-l4 ,zend-,avesta1 the ,word created the ,world1 #bhb4 ,zeruane-,akherene1 ,unlimited ,time1 above all of the ,persian ,gods1 #eih-u4 ,zetesis or search of ,osiris or ,adonis1 that is of ,bootes1 #dhd-u4 ,zeus1 ,king of the ,gods1 #ac-u4 ,zeus of ,homer an array of antitheses1 #fhi-l4 ,zeus put an end to the ,golden ,age for beneficent reasons1 #fia-u4 ,zeus1 the ,god of ,gods1 the ,son of ,time2 the ,beginning1 the ,middle1 the ,all1 #fai-l4 ,zodiac and signs on coins1 medals1 seals1 #dfb-l4 ,zodiac assigned to six male and six female ,great ,gods by ,astrologers1 #feh-u4 ,zodiac crossed by the ,sun at two opposite points which change1 #dcg-l4 ,zodiac is an existence1 organized by the universal soul1 #ffi-u4 ,zodiac2 ,plato in his ,republic adopted the divisions of the planets and1 #dfb-u4 ,zodiac1 six signs were male and six female in the1 #djb-m4 ,zodiac the cause of all sublunary effects1 #ffc-m4 ,zodiac1 the path along which the ,sun traveled1 #ddf-l4 ,zodiac1 veils of the ,royal ,arch have reference to the signs and stars of the1 #dji4 ,zodiacal signs are unchanged1 #dcg-l4 ,zodiacal signs2 characteristics of ,jacob's sons compared with those of the1 #dfa4 ,zodiacal signs1 commencing with ,aries1 are those of ,light1 #ffc-u4 ,zodiacal signs1 commencing with ,libra1 are those of ,darkness1 #ffc-u4 ,zodiacal signs divided in three ,decans of ten degrees each1 #dgj-m4 ,zodiacal signs represented by the twelve ,deities of the ,persians1 #ffc-u4 ,zohak1 conquered by ,pheridoun1 lamented by the ,persians1 #eid-l4 ,zohar1 is ,nestar1 ,concealed1 the intellectual potency of ,deity1 #gda-u4 ,zoroaster2 ,magism was the science of1 #hci-l4 ,zoroaster asks ,ormuzd what to do to combat ,evil and make men holy1 #fac-m4 ,zoroaster claimed to have conversed1 man to man1 with ,deity1 #dbd-l4 ,zoroaster discourses on the old ,fire and ,light ,idea1 #faa-m4 ,zoroaster drew his doctrines from the ,mysteries1 #cgc-m4 ,zoroaster1 from ,bactria came the doctrines of1 #beh-l4 ,zoroaster1 ,hindu and ,buddists elements in the doctrines of1 #beh-l4 ,zoroaster1 ,masonry reiterates the maxims of1 #bba-m4 ,zoroaster1 ,pharisees and ,jews borrowed the doctrines of1 #bch-l4 ,zoroaster possessed a true knowledge of ,deity1 #bjg-l4 ,zoroaster received the ,primitive ,truth from the ,indians1 #jag-m4 ,zoroaster speaks of the ,sun and ,stars1 #faa-l4 ,zoroaster taught the ,primitive ,truth to ,pythagoras1 #fag-m4 ,zoroaster1 the ,aions1 ,ideas1 ,angels1 correspond to the ,ferouers of1 #bef-u4 ,zoroaster's sayings to the ,persians1 #agj-u4 ,zoroaster's disciples used the symbolism of the ,mystic ,egg1 #djc-u4 ,zoroaster's doctrine more ancient than ,kuros1 #bef-u4 ,zoroaster's doctrines carried by ,jews into ,syria and ,palestine1 #bef-u4 ,zoroaster's doctrines taught1 #afg-l4 ,zoroaster's doctrines the best the ,persians were fitted to receive1 #ch-u4 ,zoroastrian doctrines suggested the worship of the ,supreme ,god1 #fag-l4 ,zoroastrian oracles give a ,triad of ,fire1 ,light and ,ether1 #edi-u4 ,zoroastrian ,two ,principles symbolized by white and black in juxta-position1 #hah-m4 ,zoroastrians rejected ,temples1 ,altars1 ,statues1 #fag-l4 ,zoroastrians religiously exterminate serpents1 etc1 #dig-m4 ,zoroastrianism an innovation on an older religion1 #fjb-u4 ,zorobabel's ,warrior-,masons the model of the ,templars1 #haf-m4