,,new ,,word-,,analysis3 ,,or1 ,,school ,,etymology ,,of ,,english ,,derivative ,,words4 ,,with ,,practical ,,exercises ,,in ,,spelling1 ,,analyzing1 ,,defining1 ,,synonyms1 ,,and ,,the ,,use ,,of ,,words4 ,,by ,,william ,,swinton1 ,,gold ,,medalist ,,for ,,text-,,books1 ,,paris ,,exposition1 #ahgh2 ,,and ,,author ,,of ,,swinton',s ,,geographies1 ,,outlines ,,of ,,the ,,world',s ,,history1 ,,language ,,series1 ,,etc4 ,,new ,,york 3 ,,cincinnati 3 ,,chicago ,,american ,,book ,,company ,copyright1 #ahgi1 ,,by ,,william ,,swinton ,,preface4 ,the present text-book is a new-modeling and rewriting of ,swinton's ,word-,analysis1 first published in #ahga4 ,it has grown out of a large amount of testimony to the effect that the older book1 while valuable as a manual of methods1 in the hands of teachers1 is deficient in practice-work for pupils4 ,this testimony dictated a double procedure3 first1 to retain the old methods2 secondly1 to add an adequate amount of new matter4 ,accordingly1 in the present manual1 the few ,latin roots and derivatives1 with the exercises thereon1 have been retained--under ,part ,,ii43 ,the ,latin ,element--as simply a method of study4#a ,there have then been added1 in ,division ,,ii43 ,abbreviated ,latin ,derivatives1 no fewer than two hundred and twenty ,latin root-words with their most important ,english offshoots4 ,in order to concentrate into the limited available space so large an amount of new matter1 it was requisite to devise a novel mode of indicating the ,english derivatives4 ,what this mode is1 teachers will see in the section1 pages #ej-ajd4 ,the author trusts that it will prove well suited to class-room work1 and in many other ways interesting and valuable3 should it not1 a good deal of labor1 both of the lamp and of the file1 will have been misplaced4 ,to one matter of detail in connection with the ,latin and ,greek derivatives1 the author wishes to call special attention3 the ,latin and the ,greek roots are1 as key-words1 given in this book in the form of the present infinitive1--the present indicative and the supine being1 of course1 added4 ,for this there is one sufficient justification1 to wit3 that the present infinitive is the form in which a ,latin or a ,greek root is always given in ,webster and other received lexicographic authorities4 ,it is a curious fact1 that1 in all the school etymologies1 the present indicative should have been given as the root1 and is explicable only from the accident that it is the key-form in the ,latin dictionaries4 ,the change into conformity with our ,english dictionaries needs no defense1 and will probably hereafter be imitated by all authors of school etymologies4 ,in this compilation the author has followed1 in the main1 the last edition of ,webster's ,unabridged1 the etymologies in which carry the authoritative sanction of ,dr4 ,mahn2 but reference has constantly been had to the works of ,wedgwood1 ,latham1 and ,haldeman1 as also to the ,english ,etymology of ,dr4 ,james ,douglass1 to whom the author is specially indebted in the ,greek and ,anglo-,saxon sections4 ,w4,s4 ,,new ,,york1 #ahgi4 ,,contents4 ,,part ,i4 ,,introduction4 ,,page ,i4 ,,elements ,,of ,,the ,,english ,,vocabulary #a ,,ii4 ,,etymological ,,classes ,,of ,,words #e ,,iii4 ,,prefixes ,,and ,,suffixes #e ,,iv4 ,,rules ,,of ,,spelling ,,used ,,in ,,forming ,,derivative ,,words #f ,,part ,,ii4 ,,the ,,latin ,,element4 ,i4 ,,latin ,,prefixes #i ,,ii4 ,,latin ,,suffixes #ab ,,iii4 ,,directions ,,in ,,the ,,study ,,of ,,latin ,,derivatives #ba ,,latin ,,roots ,,and ,,english ,,derivatives #bc ,,division ,i4 ,,method ,,of ,,study #bc ,,division ,,ii4 ,,abbreviated ,,latin ,,derivatives #ej ,,part ,,iii4 ,,the ,,greek ,,element4 ,i4 ,,greek ,,prefixes #aje ,,ii4 ,,greek ,,alphabet #ajf ,,greek ,,roots ,,and ,,english ,,derivatives #ajg ,,division ,i4 ,,principal ,,greek ,,roots #ajg ,,division ,,ii4 ,,additional ,,greek ,,roots ,,and ,,their ,,derivatives #abj ,,part ,,iv4 ,,the ,,anglo-,,saxon ,,element4 ,i4 ,,anglo-,,saxon ,,prefixes #abe ,,ii4 ,,anglo-,,saxon ,,suffixes #abe ,,anglo-,,saxon ,,roots ,,and ,,english ,,derivatives #abg ,,specimens ,,of ,,anglo-,,saxon #acb ,,specimens ,,of ,,semi-,,saxon ,,and ,,early ,,english #ace ,,anglo-,,saxon ,,element ,,in ,,modern ,,english #acf ,,part ,v4 ,,miscellaneous ,,derivatives4 ,i4 ,,words ,,derived ,,from ,,the ,,names ,,of ,,persons #adb #a4 ,,nouns #adb #b4 ,,adjectives #add ,,ii4 ,,words ,,derived ,,from ,,the ,,names ,,of ,,places #adf ,,iii4 ,,etymology ,,of ,,words ,,used ,,in ,,the ,,principal ,,school ,,studies #adi #a4 ,,terms ,,in ,,geography #adi #b4 ,,terms ,,in ,,grammar #aej #c4 ,,terms ,,in ,,arithmetic #aed ,,word-,,analysis4 ,,part ,i4--,,introduction4 ,i4--,,elements ,,of ,,the ,,english ,,vocabulary4 #a4 ,,etymology#b is the study which treats of the derivation of words1--that is1 of their structure and history4 #b4 ,,english ,,etymology1 or word-analysis1 treats of the derivation of ,english words4 #c4 ,the ,,vocabulary#c of a language is the whole body of words in that language4 ,hence the ,english vocabulary consists of all the words in the ,english language4 ,i4 ,the complete study of any language comprises two distinct inquiries1--the study of the grammar of the language1 and the study of its vocabulary4 ,word-analysis has to do exclusively with the vocabulary4 ,,ii4 ,the term etymology as used in grammar must be carefully distinguished from etymology in the sense of word-analysis4 ,grammatical etymology treats solely of the grammatical changes in words1 and does not concern itself with their derivation2 historical etymology treats of the structure1 composition1 and history of words4 ,thus the relation of loves1 loving1 loved to the verb love is a matter of grammatical etmology2 but the relation of lover1 lovely1 or loveliness to love is a matter of historical etymology4 ,,iii4 ,the ,english vocabulary is very extensive1 as is shown by the fact that in ,webster's ,unabridged ,dictionary there are nearly #ajj1jjj words4 ,but it should be observed that #c1jjj or #d1jjj serve all the ordinary purposes of oral and written communication4 ,the ,old ,testament contains #e1fdb words2 ,milton uses about #h1jjj2 and ,shakespeare1 whose vocabulary is more extensive than that of any other ,english writer1 employs no more than #ae1jjj words4 #d4 ,the ,,principal ,,elements of the ,english vocabulary are words of ,anglo-,saxon and of ,latin or ,french-,latin origin4 #e4 ,,anglo-,,saxon is the earliest form of ,english4 ,the whole of the grammar of our language1 and the most largely used part of its vocabulary1 are ,anglo-,saxon4 ,i4 ,anglo-,saxon belongs to the ,low ,german#d division of the ,teutonic stock of languages4 ,its relations to the other languages of ,europe--all of which are classed together as the ,aryan1 or ,indo-,european family of languages--may be seen from the following table3-- _/ ,,celtic ,,stock44444444444444444444444444as ,welsh1 ,gaelic4 ,,slavonic ,,stock444444444444444444444444as ,russian4 ,,indo- _/ ,greek _/ ,italian4 ,,european ,,classic ,,stock ,latin ,spanish4 ,,family4 ,french1 etc4 _/ ,scandinavian34444444as ,swedish4 ,,teutonic ,,stock _/ ,high ,ger34as ,modern ,german4 ,german ,low ,ger4444as ,anglo-,saxon4 ,,ii4 ,the term ,anglo-,saxon is derived from the names ,angles and ,saxons1 two ,north ,german tribes who1 in the fifth century ,a4,d41 invaded ,britain1 conquered the native ,britons1 and possessed themselves of the land1 which they called ,england1 that is1 ,angle-land4 ,the ,britons spoke a ,celtic language1 best represented by modern ,welsh4 ,some ,british words were adopted into ,anglo-,saxon1 and still continue in our language4 #f4 ,the ,,latin element in the ,english vocabulary consists of a large number of words of ,latin origin1 adopted directly into ,english at various periods4 ,the principal periods1 during which ,latin words were brought directly into ,english are3-- #a4 ,at the introduction of ,christianity into ,england by the ,latin ,catholic missionaries1 ,a4,d4 #eif4 #b4 ,at the revival of classical learning in the sixteenth century4 #c4 ,by modern writers4 #g4 ,the ,,french-,,latin element in the ,english language consists of ,french words1 first largely introduced into ,english by the ,norman-,french who conquered ,england in the eleventh century1 ,a4,d4 ,i4 ,french1 like ,italian1 ,spanish1 and ,portuguese1 is substantially ,latin1 but ,latin considerably altered by loss of grammatical forms and by other changes4 ,this language the ,norman-,french invaders brought with them into ,england1 and they continued to use it for more than two centuries after the ,conquest4 ,yet1 as they were not so numerous as the native population1 the old ,anglo-,saxon finally prevailed1 though with an immense infusion of ,french words4 ,,ii4 ,french-,latin words--that is1 ,latin words introduced through the ,french--can often be readily distinguished by their being more changed in form than the ,latin terms directly introduced into our language4 ,thus-- ,,latin4 ,,french4 ,,english4 inimi'cus ennemi enemy pop'ulus peuple people se'nior sire sir #h4 ,,other ,,elements4--,in addition to its primary constituents--namely1 the ,anglo-,saxon1 ,latin1 and ,french-,latin--the ,english vocabulary contains a large number of ,greek derivatives and a considerable number of ,italian1 ,spanish1 and ,portuguese words1 besides various terms derived from miscellaneous sources4 ,the following are examples of words taken from miscellaneous sources2 that is1 from sources other than ,anglo-,saxon1 ,latin1 ,french-,latin1 and ,greek3-- ,hebrew3 amen1 cherub1 jubilee1 leviathan1 manna1 sabbath1 seraph4 ,arabic3 admiral1 alcohol1 algebra1 assassin1 camphor1 caravan1 chemistry1 cipher1 coffee1 elixir1 gazelle1 lemon1 magazine1 nabob1 sultan4 ,turkish3 bey1 chibouk1 chouse1 janissary1 kiosk1 tulip4 ,persian3 azure1 bazaar1 checkmate1 chess1 cimeter1 demijohn1 dervise1 orange1 paradise1 pasha1 turban4 ,hindustani3 calico1 jungle1 pariah1 punch1 rupee1 shampoo1 toddy4 ,malay3 a-muck1 bamboo1 bantam1 gamboge1 gong1 gutta-percha1 mango4 ,chinese3 nankeen1 tea4 ,polynesian3 kangaroo1 taboo1 tattoo4 ,american ,indian3 maize1 moccasin1 pemmican1 potato1 tobacco1 tomahawk1 tomato1 wigwam4 ,celtic3 bard1 bran1 brat1 cradle1 clan1 druid1 pony1 whiskey4 ,scandinavian3 by-law1 clown1 dregs1 fellow1 glade1 hustings1 kidnap1 plough4 ,dutch1 or ,hollandish3 block1 boom1 bowsprit1 reef1 skates1 sloop1 yacht4 ,italian3 canto1 cupola1 gondola1 grotto1 lava1 opera1 piano1 regatta1 soprano1 stucco1 vista4 ,spanish3 armada1 cargo1 cigar1 desperado1 flotilla1 grandee1 mosquito1 mulatto1 punctilio1 sherry1 sierra4 ,portuguese3 caste1 commodore1 fetish1 mandarin1 palaver4 #i4 ,,proportions4--,on an examination of passages selected from modern ,english authors1 it is found that of every hundred words sixty are of ,anglo-,saxon origin1 thirty of ,latin1 five of ,greek1 and all the other sources combined furnish the remaining five4 ,by actual count1 there are more words of classical than of ,anglo-,saxon origin in the ,english vocabulary1--probably two and a half times as many of the former as of the latter4 ,but ,anglo-,saxon words are so much more employed--owing to the constant repetition of conjunctions1 prepositions1 adverbs1 auxiliaries1 etc4 7all of ,anglo-,saxon origin7--that in any page of even the most ,latinized writer they greatly preponderate4 ,in the ,bible1 and in ,shakespeare's vocabulary1 they are in the proportion of ninety per cent4 ,for specimens showing ,anglo-,saxon words1 see p4 #acf4 ,,ii4--,,etymological ,,classes ,,of ,,words4 #aj4 ,,classes ,,by ,,origin4--,with respect to their origin1 words are divided into two classes1--primitive words and derivative words4 #aa4 ,a ,,primitive word1 or root1 is one that cannot be reduced to a more simple form in the language to which it is native3 as1 man1 good1 run4 #ab4 ,a ,,derivative word is one made up of a root and one or more formative elements3 as1 manly1 goodness1 runner4 ,the formative elements are called prefixes and suffixes4 7,see #af1 #ag47 #ac4 ,,by ,,composition4--,with respect to their composition1 words are divided into two classes1--simple and compound words4 #ad4 ,a ,,simple word consists of a single significant term3 as1 school1 master1 rain1 bow4 #ae4 ,a ,,compound word is one made up of two or more simple words united3 as1 school-master1 rainbow4 ,in some compound words the constituent parts are joined by the hyphen as school-master2 in others the parts coalesce and the compound forms a single 7though not a simple7 word1 as rainbow4 ,,iii4--,,prefixes ,,and ,,suffixes4 #af4 ,a prefix is a significant syllable or word placed before and joined with a word to modify its meaning3 as1 unsafe not safe2 remove move back2 circumnavigate sail around4 #ag4 ,a suffix is a significant syllable or syllables placed after and joined with a word to modify its meaning3 as1 safe,l,y in a safe manner2 mov,a,b,l,e that may be moved2 nav,i,g,a,t,i,o,n act of sailing4 ,the word affix signifies either a prefix or a suffix2 and the verb to affix means to join a prefix or a suffix to a root-word4 ,,exercise4 ,tell whether the following words are primitive or derivative1 and also whether simple or compound3-- #a grace #b sign #c design #d midshipman #e wash #f sea #g workman #h love #i lovely #aj white #aa childhood #ab kingdom #ac rub #ad music #ae musician #af music-teacher #ag footstep #ah glad #ai redness #bj school #ba fire #bb watch-key #bc give #bd forget #be iron #bf hardihood #bg young #bh right #bi ploughman #cj day-star #ca large #cb truthful #cc manliness #cd milkmaid #ce gentleman #cf sailor #cg steamboat #ch wooden #ci rich #dj hilly #da coachman #db warm #dc sign-post #dd greenish #de friend #df friendly #dg reform #dh whalebone #di quiet #ej quietude #ea gardener #eb form #ec formal #ed classmate #ee trust #ef trustworthy #eg penknife #eh brightness #ei grammarian #fj unfetter ,,iv4--,,rules ,,of ,,spelling ,,used ,,in ,,forming ,,derivative ,,words4 ,rule #a4--;,final e followed by a ,vowel4 ,final e of a primitive word is dropped on taking a suffix beginning with a vowel3 as1 blame able blamable2 guide ance guidance2 come ing coming2 force ible forcible2 obscure ity obscurity4 ,,exception #a4--,words ending in ge or ce usually retain the e before a suffix beginning with a or o1 for the reason that c and g would have the hard sound if the e were dropped3 as1 peace able peaceable2 change able changeable2 courage ous courageous4 ,,exception #b4--,words ending in oe retain the e to preserve the sound of the root3 as1 shoe ing shoeing2 hoe ing hoeing4 ,the e is retained in a few words to prevent their being confounded with similar words3 as1 singe ing singeing 7to prevent its being confounded with singing74 ,rule ,,ii4--,final e followed by a ,consonant4 ,final e of a primitive word is retained on taking a suffix beginning with a consonant3 as1 pale ness paleness2 large ly largely4 ,,exception #a4--,when the final e is preceded by a vowel1 it is sometimes omitted2 as1 due ly duly2 true ly truly2 whole ly wholly4 ,,exception #b4--;,a few words ending in e drop the e before a suffix beginning with a consonant3 as1 judge ment judgment2 lodge ment lodgment2 abridge ment abridgment4 ,rule ,,iii4--,final y preceded by a ,consonant4 ,final y of a primitive word1 when preceded by a consonant1 is generally changed into i on the addition of a suffix4 ,,exception #a4--;,before ing or ish1 the final y is retained to prevent the doubling of the i3 as1 pity ing pitying4 ,,exception #b4--,words ending in ie and dropping the e1 by ,rule ,i4 change the i into y to prevent the doubling of the i3 as1 die ing dying2 lie ing lying4 ,,exception #c4--;,final y is sometimes changed into e3 as1 duty ous duteous2 beauty ous beauteous4 ,rule ,,iv4--,final y preceded by a ,vowel4 ,final y of a primitive word1 when preceded by a vowel1 should not be changed into an i before a suffix3 as1 joy less joyless4 ,rule ,v4--,doubling4 ,monosyllables and other words accented on the last syllable1 when they end with a single consonant1 preceded by a single vowel1 or by a vowel after qu1 double their final letter before a suffix beginning with a vowel3 as1 rob ed robbed2 fop ish foppish2 squat er squatter2 prefer' ing prefer'ring4 ,,exceptions4--,x final1 being equivalent to ks1 is never doubled2 and when the derivative does not retain the accent of the root1 the final consonant is not always doubled3 as1 prefer' ence pref'erence4 ,rule ,,vi4--,no ,doubling4 ,a final consonant1 when it is not preceded by a single vowel1 or when the accent is not on the last syllable1 should remain single before an additional syllable3 as1 toil ing tolling2 cheat ed cheated2 murmur ing murmuring4 ,,part ,,ii4--,,the ,,latin ,,element4 ,i4--,,latin ,,prefixes4 ,prefix4 ,signification4 ,example4 ,definition4 ,a- a-vert to turn from4 ab- from ab-solve to release from4 abs- abs-tain to hold from4 ,,ad- ad-here to stick to4 a- a-gree to be pleasing to4 ac- ac-cede to yield to4 af- af-fix to fix to4 ag- ag-grieve to give pain to4 al- to al-ly to bind to4 an- an-nex to tie to4 ap- ap-pend to hang to4 ar- ar-rive to reach to4 as- as-sent to yield to4 ,,note4--,the forms ,,ac-1 ,,af-1 etc41 are euphonic variations of ,,ad-1 and follow generally the rule that the final consonant of the prefix assimilates to the initial letter of the root4 ,,am- around am-putate to cut around4 amb- amb-ient going around4 ,,ante- before ante-cedent going before4 anti- anti-cipate to take before4 ,,bi- two or bi-ped a two-footed animal4 bis- twice bis-cuit twice cooked4 ,,circum- around circum-navigate to sail around4 circu- circu-it journey around4 ,,con- con-vene to come together4 co- co-equal equal with4 co- with or co-gnate born together4 col- together col-loquy a speaking with another4 com- com-pose to put together4 cor- cor-relative relative with4 ,,note4--,the forms ,,co-1 ,,col-1 ,,com-1 and ,,cor-1 are euphonic variations of ,,con-4 ,,contra- contra-dict to speak against contro- against contro-vert to turn against counter- counter-mand to order against ,,de- down or de-pose2 to put down2 off de-fend fend off4 ,,dis- asunder dis-pel to drive asunder4 di- apart di-vert to turn apart4 dif- opposite of dif-fer to bear apart2 disagree4 ,,note4--,the forms ,,di- and ,,dif- are euphonic forms of ,,dis-2 ,,dif- is used before a root beginning with a vowel4 ,,ex- ex-clude to shut out4 e- out or e-ject to cast out4 ec- from ec-centric from the center4 ef- ef-flux a flowing out4 ,,note4--,e-1 ,,ec-1 and ,,ef- are euphonic variations of ,,ex-4 ,when prefixed to the name of an office1 ,,ex- denotes that the person formerly held the office named3 as1 ex-mayor1 the former mayor4 ,,extra- beyond extra-ordinary beyond ordinary4 ,,in- 7in nouns and in-clude to shut in4 il- verbs7 il-luminate to throw light on4 im- in1 into1 on im-port to carry in4 ir- ir-rigate to pour water on4 en-1 em- en-force to force on4 ,,note4--,the forms ,,il-1 ,,im-1 and ,,ir- are euphonic variations of ,,in-4 ,the forms ,,en- and ,,em- are of ,french origin4 ,,in- 7in adjectives in-sane not sane4 i7n7 and nouns47 i-gnoble not noble4 il- not il-legal not legal4 im- im-mature not mature4 ir- ir-regular not regular4 ,,inter- between or inter-cede to go between4 intel- among intel-ligent choosing between4 ,,intra- inside of intra-mural inside of the walls4 ,,intro- within1 into intro-duce to lead into ,,juxta- near juxta-position a placing near ,,non- not non-combatant not fighting4 ,,note4--,a hyphen is generally1 though not always1 placed between non- and the root4 ,,ob- ob-ject to throw against4 o- in the way1 o-mit to leave out4 oc- against1 oc-cur to run against2 or out hence1 to happen4 of- of-fend to strike against4 op- op-pose to put one's self against4 ,,per- through1 per-vade2 to pass through2 pel- thoroughly per-fect thoroughly made4 pel-lucid thoroughly clear4 ,,note4--,standing alone1 ,,per- signifies by3 as1 per annum1 by the year4 ,,post- after1 post-script written after4 behind ,,pre- before pre-cede to go before4 ,,preter- beyond preter-natural beyond nature4 ,,pro for1 pro-noun for a noun4 forth1 or pro-pose to put forth4 forward ,,note4--,in a few instances ,,pro- is changed into ,,pur-1 as purpose2 into ,,por-1 as portray2 and into ,,pol-1 as pollute4 ,,re- back or re-pel to drive back4 red- anew red-eem to buy back4 ,,retro- backwards retro-grade going backwards4 ,,se- aside1 se-cede to go apart4 apart ,,sine- without sine-cure without care4 ,,sub- sub-scribe to write under4 suc- suc-ceed to follow after4 suf- suf-fer to undergo4 sug- under or sug-gest to bring to mind from after under4 sum- sum-mon to hint from under4 sup- sup-port to bear by being under4 sus- sus-tain to under-hold4 ,,note4--,the euphonic variations ,,suc-1 ,,suf-1 ,,sug-1 ,,sum-1 ,,sup-1 result from assimilating the b of ,,sub- to the initial letter of the root4 ,in sustain ,,sus- is a contraction of subs- for sub-4 ,,subter- under or subter-fuge a flying under4 beneath ,,super- above or super-natural above nature4 over super-vise to over-see4 ,,note4--,in derivatives through the ,french1 ,,super- takes the form ,,sur-1 as sur-vey1 to look over4 ,,trans- through1 trans-gress to step beyond4 tra- over1 tra-verse to pass over4 or beyond ,,ultra- beyond1 or ultra-montane beyond the mountain extremely 7the ,alps74 ultra-conservativ extremely conservative4 ,,ii4--,,latin ,,suffixes4 ,,suffix4 ,,signification4 ,,example4 ,,definition4 -,,able that may be2 cur-able that may be cured4 -ible fit to be possi-ble that may be done4 -ble solu-ble that may be dissolved4 -,,ac relating to cardi-ac relating to the heart4 or demoni-ac like a demon4 resembling ,,note4--,the suffix -,,ac is found only in ,latin derivatives of ,greek origin4 -,,aceous of2 sapon-aceous having the quality of having the soap4 -acious quality of cap-acious having the quality of holding much4 condition of celib-acy condition of being -,,acy being2 single4 office of cur-acy office of a curate4 -,,age act1 marri-age act of marrying4 condition1 or vassal-age condition of a vassal4 collection of foli-age collection of leaves4 ,,note4--,the suffix -,,age is found only in ,french-,latin derivatives4 adj4 ment-al relating to the mind4 -,,al relating to remov-al the act of removing4 n4 the act of2 capit-al that which forms the that which head of a column4 -,,an adj4 relating hum-an relating to mankind4 -ane to hum-ane befitting a man4 or befitting artis-an one who follows a trade4 n4 one who -,,ance state or vigil-ance state of being watchful4 -ancy quality eleg-ance quality of being of being elegant4 -,,ant adj4 being vigil-ant being watchful4 n4 one who assist-ant one who assists4 -,,ar relating to2 lun-ar relating to the moon4 like circul-ar like a circle4 adj4 relating epistol-ary relating to a letter4 -,,ary to mission-ary one who is sent out4 n4 one who2 avi-ary a place where birds place where are kept4 n4 one who is deleg-ate one who is sent by adj4 having others4 -,,ate the quality of accur-ate having the quality of v4 to perform accuracy4 the act of1 navig-ate to perform the act of or cause sailing4 -,,cle minute vesi-cle a minute vessel4 -cule animal-cule a minute animal4 -,,ee one to whom refer-ee one to whom something is referred4 ,,note4--,this suffix is found only in words of ,french-,latin origin4 -,,eer engin-eer one who has charge of one who an engine4 -ier brigad-ier one who has charge of a brigade4 ,,note4--,these suffixes are found only in words of ,french-,latin origin4 -,,ene having relation terr-ene having relation to the to earth4 -,,ence state of being pres-ence state of being present4 -ency or quality of tend-ency quality of tending towards4 -,,ent n4 one who stud-ent one who studies4 or which equival-ent being equal to1 adj4 being equaling4 or -ing -,,escence state of conval-escence state of becoming well4 becoming -,,escent becoming conval-escent becoming well4 -,,ess female lion-ess a female lion4 ,,note4--,this suffix is used only in words of ,french-,latin origin4 -,,ferous producing coni-ferous producing cones4 -,,fic making1 sopori-fic causing sleep4 causing -,,fice something done arti-fice something done with or made art4 -,,fy to make forti-fy to make strong4 rust-ic one who has countrified -,,ic n4 one who manners4 -ical adj4 like1 hero-ic like a hero4 made of1 metall-ic made of metal4 relating to histor-ical relating to history4 ,,note4--,these suffixes are found only in ,latin words of ,greek origin1 namely1 adjectives in -,,ikos4 ,in words belonging to chemistry derivatives in -,,ic denote the acid containing most oxygen1 when more than one is formed3 as nitric acid4 -,,ice that which just-ice that which is just4 -,,ics the science of mathemat-ics the science of quantity4 -,,ic arithmet-ic the science of number4 ,,note4--,these suffixes are found only in ,latin words of ,greek origin4 -,,id being or acr-id2 flu-id being bitter2 flowing4 -ing -ile relating to2 puer-ile relating to a boy4 apt for docile apt for being taught4 -,,ine relating to2 femin-ine relating to a woman4 like alkal-ine like an alkali4 the act of1 expuls-ion the act of expelling4 -,,ion state of corrupt-ion state of being corrupt4 being1 frict-ion rubbing4 or -ing -,,ish to make publ-ish to make public4 -,,ise to render1 or fertil-ize to render fertile4 -ize perform the act of ,,note4--,the suffix -,,ise1 -,,ize1 is of ,french origin1 and is freely added to ,latin roots in forming ,english derivatives4 -,,ism state or act hero-ism state of a hero4 of2 idiom ,gallic-ism a ,french idiom4 ,,note4--,this suffix1 except when signifying an idiom1 is found only in words of ,greek origin4 one who art-ist one who practices -,,ist practices or an art4 is devoted to botan-ist one who is devoted to botany4 -,,ite n4 one who is favor-ite one who is favored4 -yte adj4 being defin-ite being well defined4 prosel-yte one who is brought over4 ,,note4--,the form -,,yte is found only in words of ,greek origin4 -,,ity state or security state of being secure4 -ty quality ability quality of being able4 of being liber-ty state of being free4 n4 one who is -,,ive or that which capt-ive one who is taken4 adj4 having cohes-ive having power to stick4 the power or quality -,,ix feminine testatr-ix a woman who leaves a will4 ,,ize 7,see ,,ise47 -,,ment state of being excite-ment state of being excited4 or act of2 induce-ment that which induces4 that which -,,mony state or matri-mony state of marriage4 quality of2 testi-mony that which is testified4 that which one who2 audit-or one who hears4 -,,or that which2 mot-or that which moves4 quality of err-or quality of erring4 adj4 fitted or preparat-ory fitted to prepare4 -,,ory relating to n4 place armor-y place where arms are where2 kept4 that which -,,ose abounding in verb-ose abounding in words4 -ous popul-ous abounding in people4 -,,tude condition or servi-tude condition of a slave4 quality of forti-tude quality of being brave4 -,,ty 7,see -,,ity47 -,,ule minute glob-ule a minute globe4 -,,ulent abounding in op-ulent abounding in wealth4 -,,ure act or state depart-ure act of departing4 of2 creat-ure that which is created4 that which ,,classified ,,review ,,of ,,latin ,,suffixes1 ,,with ,,generic ,,definitions4 -an -ent -ant -ier -ary -ist one who 7agent72 that which4 -ate -ive -eer -or -ate -ite one who is 7recipient72 that -ee -ive which is4 -acy -ism -age -ity -ance -ment ,,noun ,,suffixes -ancy -mony state2 condition2 quality2 act4 -ate -tude -ence -ty -ency -ure -ion -ary place where4 -ory -cle -cule diminutives4 -ule ,,ii4 -ac -ic -al -ical -an -id relating to2 like2 being4 -ar -ile -ary -ine -ent -ory -ate -ose abounding in2 having the quality4 -ous ,,adjective -able -ible that may be4 ,,suffixes4 -ble -ile -ive having power4 -ferous causing or producing4 -fic -aceous of2 having the quality4 -acious -escent becoming4 ,,iii4 -ate ,,verb ,,suffixes -fy to make2 render2 perform an act4 -ise -ize ,,exercise4 ,i4 a4 ,write and define nouns denoting the agent 7one who or that which7 from the following3-- #a4 ,nouns4 ,,model3 art ist artist1 one who practices an art4#e #a art #b cash #c humor #d history #e vision #f tribute #g cure #h engine #i auction #aj cannon #aa flute #ab drug #ac tragedy #ad mutiny #ae grammar #af credit #ag note #ah method #ai music #bj flower 7flor-7 #b4 ,verbs4 #a profess #b descend #c act #d imitate #e preside #f solicit #g visit #h defend #i survey #aj oppose 7oppon-7 #c4 ,adjectives4 #a adverse #b secret #c potent #d private b4 ,write and define nouns denoting the recipient 7one who is or that which7 from the following3-- #a assign #b bedlam #c captum 7taken7 #d devote #e favor #f lease #g natus 7born7 #h patent #i refer #aj relate c4 ,write and define nouns denoting state1 condition1 quality1 or act1 from the following3-- #a4 ,nouns4 #a magistrate #b parent #c cure #d private #e pilgrim #f hero #g despot #h judge #i vassal #aj vandal #b4 ,verbs4 #a conspire #b marry #c forbear #d repent #e ply #f abase #g excel #h prosper #i enjoy #aj accompany #aa depart #ab abound #ac abhor #ad compose #ae deride 7deris-7 #c4 ,adjectives4 #a accurate #b delicate #c distant #d excellent #e current #f parallel #g prompt 7i-7 #h similar #i docile #aj moist d4 ,write and define nouns denoting place ,,where from the following words3-- #a grain #b deposit #c penitent #d arm #e observe e4 ,write and define nouns expressing diminutives of the following nouns3-- #a part #b globe #c animal #d verse #e corpus 7body7 ,,ii4 a4 ,write and define adjectives denoting relating to1 like1 or being1 from the following nouns3-- #a parent #b nation #c fate #d elegy #e demon #f republic #g ,rome #h ,europe #i ,persia #aj presbytery #aa globule #ab luna 7the moon7 #ac oculus 7the eye7 #ad consul #ae sol 7the sun7 #af planet #ag moment #ah element #ai second #bj parliament #ba honor #bb poet #bc despot #bd majesty #be ocean #bf metal #bg nonsense #bh astronomy #bi botany #cj period #ca tragedy #cb fervor #cc splendor #cd infant #ce puer 7a boy7 #cf canis 7a dog7 #cg felis 7a cat7 #ch promise #ci access #dj transit b4 ,write and define adjectives denoting abounding in1 having the quality of1 from the following nouns3-- #a passion #b temper #c oper- 7work7 #d fortune #e popul- 7people7 #f affection #g aqua- 7water7 #h verb 7a word7 #i beauty #aj courage #aa plenty #ab envy #ac victory #ad joy #ae globe c4 ,write and define adjectives denoting that may be1 or having the power1 from the following verbs3-- #a blame #b allow #c move #d admit 7miss-7 #e collect #f abuse #g aud- 7hear7 #h divide 7vis-7 #i vary #aj ara- 7plough7 ,write and define the following adjectives denoting-- 7causing or producing7 #a terror1 #b sopor- 7sleep71 #c flor 7a flower71 #d pestis 7a plague72 7having the quality of7 #e farina 7meal71 #f crust1 #g argilla 7clay71 7becoming71 #h effervesce4 ,,iii4 ,write and define verbs denoting to make1 render1 or perform the act of1 from the following words3-- #a authentic #b person #c captive #d anima 7life7 #e melior 7better7 #f ample #g just #h sanctus 7holy7 #i pan #aj false #aa facilis 7easy7 #ab magnus7great7 #ac equal #ad fertile #ae legal ,,iii4--,,directions ,,in ,,the ,,study ,,of ,,latin ,,derivatives4 #a4 ,a ,,latin ,,primitive1 or root1 is a ,latin word from which a certain number of ,english derivative words is formed4 ,thus the ,latin verb du'cere1 to draw or lead1 is a ,latin primitive or root1 and from it are formed educe1 education1 deduction1 ductile1 reproductive1 and several hundred other ,english words4 #b4 ,,latin ,,roots consist chiefly of verbs1 nouns1 and adjectives4 #c4 ,,english ,,derivatives from ,latin words are generally formed not from the root itself but from a part of the root called the radical4 ,thus1 in the word education1 the root-word is ducere1 but the radical is ,,duc- 7education e ,,duc ate ion74 #d4 ,a ,,radical is a word or a part of a word used in forming ,english derivatives4 #e4 ,sometimes several radicals from the same root-word are used1 the different radicals being taken from different grammatical forms of the root-word4 #f4 ,,verb-,,radicals are formed principally from two parts of the verb1--the first person singular of the present indicative1 and a part called the supine1 which is a verbal noun corresponding to the ,english infinitive in -ing4 ,thus3-- #ast pers4 sing4 pres4 ind4 duco 7,i draw7 ,root ,,duc- ,derivative educe ,supine ductum 7drawing1 or to draw7 ,root ,,duct- ,derivative ductile ,i4 ,in giving a ,latin verb-primitive in this book three principal parts of the verb will be given1 namely3 7#a7 ,the present infinitive1 7#b7 the first person singular of the present indicative1 and 7#c7 the supine--the second and the third parts because from them radicals are obtained1 and the infinitive because this is the part used in naming a verb in a general way4 ,thus as we say that loved1 loving1 etc41 are parts of the verb to love1 so we say that a'mo 7present ind47 and ama'tum 7supine7 are parts of the verb ama're4 ,,ii4 ,it should be noted that it is incorrect to translate amo1 amatum1 by to love1 since neither of these words is in the infinitive mood1 which is amare4 ,the indication of the ,latin infinitive will be found of great utility1 as it is the part by which a ,latin verb is referred to in the ,dictionary4 #g4 ,,noun-,,radicals and ,,adjective ,,radicals are formed from the nominative and from the genitive 7or possessive7 case of words belonging to these parts of speech4 ,thus3-- ,,nom4 ,,case4 ,,root4 ,,derivative4 iter 7a journey7 ,,iter-4 reiterate ,,gen4 ,,case4 ,,root ,,derivative4 itineris 7of a journey7 ,,itiner- itinerant felicis 7nom4 felix1 happy7 ,,felic- felicity ,,note4--,these explanations of the mode of forming radicals are given by way of general information2 but this book presupposes and requires no knowledge of ,latin1 since in every group of ,english derivatives from ,latin1 not only the root-words in their several parts1 but the radicals actually used in word-formation1 are given4 ,pronunciation of ,latin ,words4 #a4 ,every word in ,latin must have as many syllables as it has vowels or diphthongs3 as miles 7 mi'les74 #b4 ,c is pronounced like k before a1 o1 u2 and like s before e1 i1 y1 and the diphthongs and 3 as cado1 pronounced ka'do2 cedo1 pronounced se'do4 #c4 ,g is pronounced hard before a1 o1 u1 and soft like j before e1 i1 y1 1 3 as gusto1 in which g is pronounced as in ,august2 gero1 pronounced je'ro4 #d4 ,a consonant between two vowels must be joined to the latter3 as bene1 pronounced be'ne4 #e4 ,two consonants in the middle of a word must be divided3 as mille1 pronounced mil'le4 #f4 ,the diphthongs and are sounded like e3 as cdo1 pronounced ce'do4 #g4 ,words of two syllables are accented on the first3 as ager1 pronounced a'jer4 #h4 ,when a word of more than one syllable ends in a1 the a should be sounded like ah3 as musa1 pronounced mu'sah4 #i4 ,t1 s1 and c1 before ia1 ie1 ii1 io1 iu1 and eu1 preceded immediately by the accent1 in ,latin words as in ,english1 change into sh and zh3 as fa'cio1 pronounced fa'sheo2 san'cio1 pronounced san'sheo2 spa'tium1 pronounced spa'sheum4 ,,note4--,according to the ,roman method of pronouncing ,latin1 the vowels a1 e1 i1 o1 u are pronounced as in baa1 bait1 beet1 boat1 boot2 ae1 au1 ei1 oe as in aisle1 our1 eight1 oil2 c always like k2 g as in get2 j as y in yes2 t as in until2 v as w4 ,see any ,latin grammar4 ,,latin ,,roots ,,and ,,english ,,derivatives4 ,,division ,i4--,,method ,,of ,,study4 #a4 ,,ag',,ere3 a'go1 ac'tum1 to do1 to drive4 ,radicals3 ,,ag- and ,,act-4 #a4 ,,act1 v4 ,,analysis3 from actum by dropping the termination um4 ,,definition3 to do1 to perform4 ,the noun act is formed in the same way4 ,,definition3 a thing done1 a deed or performance4 #b4 ,,ac',,tion3 act ion the act of doing3 hence1 a thing done4 #c4 ,,act',,ive3 act ive having the quality of acting3 hence1 busy1 constantly engaged in action4 #d4 ,,act',,or3 act or one who acts3 hence1 7#a7 one who takes part in anything done2 7#b7 a stage player4 #e4 ,a',,gent3 ag ent one who acts3 hence1 one who acts or transacts business for another4 #f4 ,,ag',,ile3 ag ile apt to act3 hence1 nimble1 brisk4 #g4 ,,co',,gent3 from ,latin cogens1 cogentis1 pres4 part1 of cog'ere 7 co agere1 to impel71 having the quality of impelling3 hence1 urgent1 forcible4 #h4 ,,enact'3 en act to put in act3 hence1 to decree4 #i4 ,,transact'3 trans act to drive through3 hence1 to perform4 ,,exercise4 7#a47 ,what two parts of speech is act8--,write a sentence containing this word as a verb2 another as a noun4--,give a synonym of act4 ,ans4 ,deed4--,from what is deed derived8 ,ans4 ,from the word do--hence1 literally1 something done4--,give the distinction between act and deed4 ,ans4 ,act is a single action2 deed is a voluntary action3 thus--,the action which was praised as a good deed was but an act of necessity4 7#b47 ,define action in oratory2 action in law4--,combine and define in action4 7#c47 ,combine and define in active2 active ity2 in active ity4--,what is the negative of active8 ,ans4 ,inactive4--,what is the contrary of active8 ,ans4 ,passive4 7#d47 ,write a sentence containing actor in each of its two senses4 ,,model3 ,washington and ,greene were prominent actors in the war of the ,revolution4 ,david ,garrick1 the famous ,english actor1 was born in #agaf4--,what is the feminine of actor in the sense of stage player8 7#f47 ,combine and define agile ity4--,what is the distinction between active and agile8 ,ans4 ,active implies readiness to act in general2 agile denotes a readiness to move the limbs4--,give two synonyms of agile4 ,ans4 ,brisk1 nimble4--,give the opposite of agile4 ,ans4 ,sluggish1 inert4 7#g47 ,explain what is meant by a cogent argument4--,what would be the contrary of a cogent argument8 7#h47 ,combine and define enact ment4--,what is meant by the enacting clause of a legislative bill8--,write a sentence containing the word enact4 ,,model3 ,the ,british ,parliament enacted the stamp-law in #agfe4 7#i47 ,combine and define transact ion4--,what derivative from perform is a synonym of transaction8 #b4 ,,alie',,nus1 another1 foreign4 ,radical3 ,,alien-4 #a4 ,,al',,ien3 from alienus by dropping the termination us4 ,,definition3 a foreigner1 one owing allegiance to another country than that in which he is living4 #b4 ,,al',,ienate3 alien ate to cause something to be transferred to another3 hence1 7#a7 to transfer title or property to another2 7#b7 to estrange1 to withdraw4 #c4 ,,inal',,ienable3 in alien able that may not be given to another4 ,,exercise4 7#a47 ,combine and define alien age4--,can an alien be elected ,president of the ,united ,states8 ,see the ,constitution1 ,article ,,ii4 ,sec4 ,i4 ,clause #e4--,what is the word which expresses the process by which a person is changed from an alien to a citizen8 7#b47 ,combine and define alienate ion4--,give a synonym of alienate in its second sense4 ,ans4 ,to estrange4--,what is meant by saying that the oppressive measures of the ,british government gradually alienated the ,american colonies from the mother country8 7#c47 ,quote a passage from the ,declaration of ,independence containing the word inalienable4 #c4 ,,ama',,re1 to love1 ,,ami',,cus1 a friend4 ,radicals3 ,,am- and ,,amic-4 #a4 ,a',,miable3 am7i7 able fit to be loved4 ,,obs4--,the ,latin adjective is amabilis1 from which the ,english derivative adjective would be amable2 but it has taken the form amiable4 #b4 ,,am',,ity3 am ity the state of being a friend3 hence1 friendship2 good-will4 #c4 ,,am',,icable3 amic able disposed to be a friend3 hence1 friendly2 peaceable4 #d4 ,,inim',,ical3 through ,lat4 adj4 inimi'cus1 enemy3 hence1 inimic7us7 al inimical1 relating to an enemy4 #e4 ,,amateur'3 adopted through ,french amateur1 from ,latin amator1 a lover3 hence1 one who cultivates an art from taste or attachment1 without pursuing it professionally4 ,,exercise4 7#a74 ,what word is a synonym of amiable8 ,ans4 ,lovable4--,show how they are exact synonyms4--,write a sentence containing the word amiable4 ,,model3 ,the amiable qualities of ,joseph ,warren caused his death to be deeply regretted by all ,americans4--,what noun can you form from amiable1 meaning the quality of being amiable8--,what is the negative of amiable8 ,ans4 ,unamiable4--,the contrary8 ,ans4 ,hateful4 7#b47 ,give a word that is nearly a synonym of amity4 ,ans4 ,friendship4--,state the distinction between these words4 ,ans4 ,friendship applies more particularly to individuals2 amity to societies or nations4--,write a sentence containing the word amity4 ,,model3 ,the ,plymouth colonists in #afba made a treaty of amity with the ,indians4--,what is the opposite of amity8 7#c47 ,give a synonym of amicable4 ,ans4 ,friendly4--,which is the stronger8 ,ans4 ,friendly4--,why8 ,ans4 ,friendly implies a positive feeling of regard2 amicable denotes merely the absence of discord4--,write a sentence containing the word amicable4 ,,model3 ,in #ahga commissioners appointed by the ,united ,states and ,great ,britain made an amicable settlement of the ,alabama difficulties4 7#d47 ,what is the noun corresponding to the adjective inimical8 ,ans4 ,enemy4--,give its origin4 ,ans4 ,it comes from the ,latin inimicus1 an enemy1 through the ,french ennemi4--,what preposition does inimical take after it8 ,ans4 ,the preposition to--thus1 inimical to health1 to welfare1 etc4 7#e47 ,what is meant by an amateur painter8 an amateur musician8 #d4 ,,an',,imus1 mind1 passion2 ,,an',,ima1 life4 ,radical3 ,,anim-4 #a4 ,,an',,imal3 from ,lat4 n4 anima through the ,latin animal3 literally1 something having life4 #b4 ,,animal',,cule3 animal cule a minute animal3 hence1 an animal that can be seen only by the microscope4 #c4 ,,an',,imate1 v43 anim ate to make alive3 hence1 to stimulate1 or infuse courage4 #d4 ,,animos',,ity3 anim ose ity the quality of being 7ity7 full of 7ose7 passion3 hence1 violent hatred4 #e4 ,,unanim',,ity3 un 7from unus1 one7 anim ity the state of being of one mind3 hence1 agreement4 #f4 ,,rean',,imate3 re anim ate to make alive again3 hence1 to infuse fresh vigor4 ,,exercise4 7#a47 ,write a sentence containing the word animal4 ,,model3 ,modern science has not yet been able to determine satisfactorily the distinction between an animal and a vegetable4 7#b47 ,what is the plural of animalcule8 ,ans4 ,animalcules or animalcul4--,write a sentence containing this word4 7#c47 ,what other part of speech than a verb is animate8--,what is the negative of the adjective animate8 ,ans4 ,inanimate4--,define it4--,combine and define animate ion4--,explain what is meant by an animated discussion4 7#d47 ,give two synonyms of animosity4 7#e47 ,what is the literal meaning of unanimity8 ,if people are of one mind1 is not this unanimity8--,what is the adjective corresponding to the noun unanimity8--,what is the opposite of unanimity8--,write a sentence containing the word unanimity4 7#f47 ,compare the verbs animate and reanimate1 and state the signification of each4--,has reanimate any other than its literal meaning8--,write a sentence containing this word in its figurative sense4 ,,model3 ,the inspiring words of ,lawrence1 ',don't give up the ship6' reanimated the courage of the ,american sailors4--,what does animated conversation mean8 #e4 ,,an',,nus1 a year4 ,radical3 ,,ann-4 #a4 ,,an',,nals3 from annus1 through ,lat4 adj4 annalis1 pertaining to the year3 hence1 a record of things done from year to year4 #b4 ,,an',,nual3 through annuus 7annu al71 relating to a year3 hence1 yearly or performed in a year4 #c4 ,,annu',,ity3 through ,fr4 n4 annuit a sum of money payable yearly4 #d4 ,,millen',,nium3 ,lat4 n4 millennium 7from annus and mille1 a thousand71 a thousand years4 #e4 ,,peren',,nial3 through ,lat4 adj4 perennis 7compounded of per and annus71 throughout the year3 hence1 lasting2 perpetual4 ,,exercise4 7#a47 ,give a synonym of annals4 ,ans4 ,history4--,what is the distinction between annals and history8 ,ans4 ,annals denotes a mere chronological account of events from year to year2 history1 in addition to a narrative of events1 inquires into the causes of events4--,write a sentence containing the word annals1 or explain the following sentence3 ,the annals of the ,egyptians and ,hindoos contain many incredible statements4 7#b47 ,write a sentence containing the word annual4 7#d47 ,write a sentence containing the word millennium4 7#e47 ,what is the meaning of a perennial plant in botany8 ,ans4 ,a plant continuing more than two years4--,give the contrary of perennial4 ,ans4 ,fleeting1 short-lived4 #f4 ,,ars1 ar'tis1 art1 skill4 ,radical3 ,,art-4 #a4 ,,art3 from artis by dropping the termination is4 ,,definition3 #a4 cunning--thus1 an animal practices art in escaping from his pursuers2 #b4 skill or dexterity--thus1 a man may be said to have the art of managing his business2 #c4 a system of rules or a profession--as the art of building2 #d4 creative genius as seen in painting1 sculpture1 etc41 which are called the fine arts4 #b4 ,,art',,ist3 art ist one who practices an art3 hence1 a person who occupies himself with one of the fine arts4 ,,obs4--,a painter is called an artist2 but a blacksmith could not properly be so called4 ,the ,french word artiste is sometimes used to denote one who has great skill in some profession1 even if it is not one of the fine arts3 thus a great genius in cookery might be called an artiste4 #c4 ,,ar',,tisan3 through ,fr4 n4 artisan1 one who practices an art3 hence1 one who practices one of the mechanic arts2 a workman1 or operative4 #d4 ,,art',,ful3 art ful full of art3 hence1 crafty1 cunning4 #e4 ,,art',,less3 art less without art3 hence1 free from cunning1 simple1 ingenuous4 #f4 ,,ar',,tifice3 through ,lat4 n4 artificium1 something made 7fa'cere1 to make7 by art3 hence1 an artful contrivance or stratagem4 ,,exercise4 7#a47 ,what is the particular meaning of art in the sentence from ,shakespeare1 ,there is no art to read the mind's construction in the face8 7#b47 ,write a sentence containing the word artist4--,would it be proper to call a famous hair-dresser an artist8--,what might he be called8--,combine and define artist ic al ly4--,what is the negative of artistic8 7#c47 ,what is the distinction between an artist and an artisan8 7#e47 ,give a synonym of artless4 ,ans4 ,ingenuous1 natural4--,give the opposite of artless4 ,ans4 ,wily4--,combine and define artless ly2 artless ness4 7#f47 ,give a synonym of artifice4--,combine artifice er4--,does artificer mean one who practices artifice8--,write a sentence containing this word4--,combine and define artifice ial2 artifice al ity4 ,give the opposite of artificial4 #g4 ,,audi',,re3 au'dio1 audi'tum1 to hear4 ,radicals3 ,,audi-1 and ,,audit-4 #a4 ,,au',,dible3 audi ble that may be heard4 #b4 ,,au',,dience3 audi ence literally1 the condition of hearing3 hence1 an assemblage of hearers1 an auditory4 #c4 ,,au',,dit3 from audit7um7 to hear a statement3 hence1 to examine accounts4 #d4 ,,au',,ditor3 audit or one who hears1 a hearer4 ,,obs4--,this word has a secondary meaning1 namely3 an officer who examines accounts4 #e4 ,,obe',,dient3 through obediens1 obedient7is71 the present participle of obedire 7compounded of ob1 towards1 and audire73 literally1 giving ear to3 hence1 complying with the wishes of another4 ,,exercise4 7#a47 ,audible means that can be heard3 what prefix would you affix to it to form a word denoting what can not be heard8--,what is the adverb from the adjective audible8--,write a sentence containing this word4 7#b47 ,what is meant when you read in history of a king's giving audience8 7#c47 ,write a sentence containing the word audit4 ,,model--,the committee which had to audit the accounts of ,arnold discovered great frauds4--,how do you spell the past tense of audit8--,why is the t not doubled8 7#e47 ,what is the noun corresponding to the adjective obedient8--,what is the verb corresponding to these words8--,combine and define dis obedient4 #h4 ,,ca',,put1 cap'itis1 the head4 ,radical3 ,,capit-4 #a4 ,,cap',,ital1 a4 and n43 capit al relating to the head3 hence1 chief1 principal1 first in importance4 ,,definition3 as an adjective it means1 7#a7 principal2 7#b7 great1 important2 7#c7 punishable with death2--as a noun it means1 7#a7 the metropolis or seat of government2 7#b7 stock in trade4 #b4 ,,capita',,tion3 capit ate ion the act of causing heads to be counted3 hence1 7#a7 a numbering of persons2 7#b7 a tax upon each head or person4 #c4 ,,decap',,itate3 de capit ate to cause the head to be taken off2 to behead4 #d4 ,,prec',,ipice3 through ,lat4 n4 prcipitium3 literally1 a headlong descent4 #e4 ,,precip',,itate3 from ,lat4 adj4 prcipit7is71 head foremost4 ,,definition3 7#a7 7as a verb7 to throw headlong1 to press with eagerness1 to hasten2 7#b7 7as an adjective7 headlong1 hasty4 ,,exercise4 7#a74 ,write a sentence containing capital as an adjective4--,write a sentence containing this word as a noun1 in the sense of city4--,write a sentence containing capital in the sense of stock4--,is the capital of a state or country necessarily the metropolis or chief city of that state or country8--,what is the capital of ,new ,york state8--,what is the metropolis of ,new ,york ,state8 7#c7 ,combine and define decapitate ion4--,can you name an ,english king who was decapitated8--,can you name a ,french king who was decapitated8 7#d7 ,what as the meaning of precipice in the line1 ,swift down the precipice of time it goes8 7#e7 ,combine and define precipitate ly4--,write a sentence containing the adjective precipitate4 ,,model3 ,fabius1 the ,roman general1 is noted for never having made any precipitate movements4--,explain the meaning of the verb precipitate in the following sentences4 ,at the battle of ,waterloo ,wellington precipitated the conflict1 because he knew ,napoleon's army was divided1 ,the ,romans were wont to precipitate criminals from the ,tarpeian rock4 #i4 ,,ci',,vis1 a citizen4 ,radical3 ,,civ-4 #a4 ,,civ',,ic3 civ ic relating to a citizen or to the affairs or honors of a city4 ,,obs4--,the civic crown in ,roman times was a garland of oak-leaves and acorns bestowed on a soldier who had saved the life of a citizen in battle4 #b4 ,,civ',,il3 ,lat adj4 civilis1 meaning 7#a7 belonging to a citizen1 7#b7 of the state1 political1 7#c7 polite4 #c4 ,,civ',,ilize3 civil ize to make a savage people into a community having a government1 or political organization2 hence1 to reclaim from a barbarous state4 #d4 ,,civiliza',,tion3 civil ize ate ion the state of being civilized4 #e4 ,,civil',,ian3 civil 7i7an one whose pursuits are those of civil life--not a soldier4 ,,exercise4 7#b47 ,what is the ordinary signification of civil8--,give a synonym of this word4--,is there any difference between civil and polite8 ,ans4 ,polite expresses more than civil1 for it is possible to be civil without being polite4--,what word would denote the opposite of civil in the sense of polite8--,combine and define civil ity4--,do you say uncivility or incivility1 to denote the negative of civility8--,give a synonym of uncivil4 ,ans4 ,boorish4--,give another synonym4 7#c47 ,write a sentence containing the word civilize4--,give a participial adjective from this word4--,what compound word expresses half civilized8--,what word denotes a state of society between savage and civilized8 7#d47 ,give two synonyms of civilization4 ,ans4 ,culture1 refinement4--,what is the meaning of the word civilization in the sentence3 ,the ancient ,hindoos and ,egyptians had attained a considerable degree of civilization8--,compose a sentence of your own1 using this word4 #aj4 ,,cor1 cor'dis1 the heart4 ,radical3 ,,cord-4 #a4 ,,core3 from cor the heart3 hence1 the inner part of a thing4 #b4 ,,cor',,dial1 a43 cord 7i7al having the quality of the heart3 hence1 hearty1 sincere4 ,the noun cordial means literally something having the quality of acting on the heart3 hence1 a stimulating medicine1 and in a figurative sense1 something cheering4 #c4 ,,con',,cord3 con cord heart with 7con7 heart3 hence1 unity of sentiment1 harmony4 ,,obs4--,concord in music is harmony of sound4 #d4 ,,dis',,cord3 dis cord heart apart from 7dis7 heart3 hence1 disagreement1 want of harmony4 #e4 ,,record'3 through ,lat4 v4 recordari1 to remember 7literally1 to get by heart73 hence1 to register4 #f4 ,,cour',,age3 through ,fr4 n4 courage3 literally1 heartiness3 hence1 bravery1 intrepidity4 ,,obs4--,the heart is accounted the seat of bravery3 hence1 the derivative sense of courage4 ,,exercise4 7#a47 ,the quince was rotten at the core2 ,the preacher touched the core of the subject3 in which of these sentences is core used in its literal1 in which in its figurative1 sense8 7#b47 ,what is the ,anglo-,saxon synonym of the adjective cordial8--,would you say a cordial laugh or a hearty laugh8--,what is the opposite of cordial8--,combine and define cordial ly3 cordial ity4--,write a sentence containing the noun cordial in its figurative sense4 ,,model3 ,washington's victory at ,trenton was like a cordial to the flagging spirits of the ,american army4 7#c47 ,give a synonym of concord4 ,ans4 ,accord4--,supply the proper word3 ,in your view of this matter1 ,i am in 7accord8 or concord87 with you4 ,there should be ---- among friends4 ,the man who is not moved by ---- of sweet sounds4 7#d47 ,what is the connection in meaning between discord in music and among brethren8--,give a synonym of this word4 ,ans4 ,strife4--,state the distinction4 ,ans4 ,strife is the stronger3 where there is strife there must be discord1 but there may be discord without strife2 discord consists most in the feeling1 strife in the outward action4 7#e47 ,what part of speech is record'8--,when the accent is placed on the first syllable 7rec'ord7 what part of speech does it become8--,combine and define record er2 un record ed4 7#f47 ,courage is the same as having a stout--what8--,give a synonym4 ,ans4 ,fortitude4--,state the distinction4 ,ans4 ,courage enables us to meet danger2 fortitude gives us strength to endure pain4--,would you say the ,indian shows courage when he endures torment without flinching8--,would you say ,the three hundred under ,leonidas displayed fortitude in opposing the entire ,persian army8--,what is the contrary of courage8--,combine and define courage ous2 courage ous ly4 #aa4 ,,cor',,pus1 cor'poris1 the body4 ,radical3 ,,corpor-4 #a4 ,,cor',,poral3 corpor al relating to the body4 ,,obs4--,the noun corporal1 meaning a petty officer1 is not derived from corpus3 it comes from the ,french caporal1 of which it is a corruption4 #b4 ,,cor',,porate3 corpor ate made into a body3 hence1 united into a body or corporation4 #c4 ,,incor',,porate3 in corpor ate to make into a body3 hence1 7#a7 to form into a legal body2 7#b7 to unite one substance with another4 #d4 ,,corpora',,tion3 corpor ate ion that which is made into a body3 hence1 a body politic1 authorized by law to act as one person4 #e4 ,,cor',,pulent3 through ,lat4 adj4 corpulentus1 fleshy3 hence1 stout in body1 fleshy4 #f4 ,,cor',,puscle3 corpus cle a diminutive body2 hence1 a minute particle of matter4 #g4 ,,corps3 pronounced core through ,fr4 n4 corps1 a body4 ,,definition3 7#a7 a body of troops2 7#b7 a body of individuals engaged in some one profession4 #h4 ,,corpse3 through ,fr4 n4 corps1 the body2 that is1 only the body--the spirit being departed3 hence1 the dead body of a human being4 ,,exercise4 7#a47 ,give two synonyms of corporal4 ,ans4 ,corporeal and bodily4--,what is the distinction between corporal and corporeal8 ,ans4 ,corporal means pertaining to the body2 corporeal signifies material1 as opposed to spiritual4--,would you say a corporal or a corporeal substance8 corporal or corporeal punishment8 ,would you say corporal strength or bodily strength8 7#c47 ,write a sentence containing the verb incorporate in its first sense4 ,,model3 ,the ,london company which settled ,virginia was incorporated in #afjf1 and received a charter from ,king ,james ,i4 7#d47 ,write a sentence containing the word corporation4 ,find out by what corporation ,massachusetts ,bay ,colony was settled1 and write a sentence about that4 7#e47 ,what noun is there corresponding to the adjective corpulent and synonymous with stoutness8--,give two synonyms of corpulent4 ,ans4 ,stout1 lusty4--,what is the distinction8 ,ans4 ,corpulent means fat2 stout and lusty denote a strong frame4 7#f47 ,what is meant by an army corps8 ,ans4 ,a body of from twenty to forty thousand soldiers1 forming several brigades and divisions4 7#g47 ,how is the plural of corps spelled8 ,ans4 ,corps4 ,how pronounced8 ,ans4 ,cores4--,what is meant by the diplomatic corps8 7#h47 ,what other form of the word corpse is used8 ,ans4 ,the form corse is sometimes used in poetry2 as in the poem on the ,burial of ,sir ,john ,moore3 ,not a drum was heard1 not a funeral note1 ,as his corse to the ramparts we hurried4 #ab4 ,,cred',,ere3 cre'do1 cred'itum1 to believe4 ,radicals3 ,,cred- and ,,credit-4 #a4 ,,creed3 from the word credo1 ,i believe1 at the beginning of the ,apostles' ,creed3 hence1 a summary of ,christian belief4 #b4 ,,cred',,ible3 cred ible that may be believed3 hence1 worthy of belief4 #c4 ,,cred',,it3 from credit7um7 belief1 trust3 hence1 7#a7 faith2 7#b7 reputation2 7#c7 trust given or received4 #d4 ,,cred',,ulous3 through the ,lat4 adj4 credulus1 easy of belief3 credul ous abounding in belief3 hence1 believing easily4 #e4 ,,discred',,it3 dis credit to disbelieve4 ,,exercise4 7#b47 ,write a sentence containing the word credible4 ,,model3 ,when the ,king of ,siam was told that in ,europe the water at certain seasons could be walked on1 he declared that the statement was not credible4--,what single word will express not credible8--,combine and define credible ity4--,give a synonym of credible4 ,ans4 ,trustworthy4--,state the distinction4 ,ans4 ,credible is generally applied to things1 as credible testimony2 trustworthy to persons1 as a trustworthy witness4 7#c47 ,what is the meaning of credit in the passage1 ,john ,gilpin was a citizen ,of credit and renown8 ,give a synonym of this word4 ,ans4 ,trust4--,what is the distinction8 ,ans4 ,trust looks forward2 credit looks back--we credit what has happened2 we trust what is to happen4--,what other part of speech than a noun is credit8--,combine and define credit ed4--,why is the t not doubled8 7#d47 ,what is the meaning of credulous in the passage1 ,so glistened the dire snake1 and into fraud ,led ,eve1 our credulous mother8--,,milton4 ,what noun corresponding to the adjective credulous will express the quality of believing too easily8--,what is the negative of credulous8--,what is the distinction between incredible and incredulous8--,which applies to persons8 which to things8 7#e47 ,to what two parts of speech does discredit belong8--,write a sentence containing this word as a noun2 another as a verb4 #ac4 ,,cur',,rere3 cur'ro1 cur'sum1 to run4 ,radicals used3 ,,curr- and ,,curs-4 #a4 ,,cur',,rent1 a43 curr ent running3 hence1 7#a7 passing from person to person1 as a current report2 7#b7 now in progress1 as the current month4 #b4 ,,cur',,rency3 curr ency the state of passing from person to person1 as the report obtained currency3 hence circulation4 ,,obs4--,as applied to money1 it means that it is in circulation or passing from hand to hand1 as a representative of value4 #c4 ,,cur',,sory3 curs ory running or passing3 hence1 hasty4 #d4 ,,excur',,sion3 ex curs ion the act of running out3 hence1 an expedition or jaunt4 #e4 ,,incur',,sion3 in curs ion the act of running in3 hence1 an invasion4 #f4 ,,precur',,sor3 pre curs or one who runs before3 hence a forerunner4 ,,exercise4 7#a47 ,what other part of speech than an adjective is current8--,what is now the current year8 7#b47 ,why are there two r's in currency8 ,ans4 ,because there are two in the root currere4--,give a synonym of this word in the sense of money4 ,ans4 ,the circulating medium4--,what was the currency of the ,indians in early times8--,compose a sentence using this word4 7#c47 ,when a speaker says that he will cast a cursory glance at a subject1 what does he mean8--,combine and define cursory ly4 7#d47 ,is excursion usually employed to denote an expedition in a friendly or a hostile sense8 7#e47 ,is incursion usually employed to denote an expedition in a friendly or a hostile sense8--,give a synonym4 ,ans4 ,invasion4--,which implies a hasty expedition8--,compose a sentence containing the word incursion4 ,,model3 ,the ,parthians were long famed for their rapid incursions into the territory of their enemies4 7#f47 ,what is meant by saying that ,john the ,baptist was the precursor of ,christ8--,what is meant by saying that black clouds are the precursor of a storm8 #ad4 ,,dig',,nus1 worthy4 ,radical3 ,,dign-4 #a4 ,,dig',,nify3 dign 7i7fy to make of worth3 hence1 to advance to honor4 #b4 ,,dig',,nity3 dign ity the state of being of worth3 hence1 behavior fitted to inspire respect4 #c4 ,,indig',,nity3 in dign ity the act of treating a person in an unworthy 7indignus7 manner3 hence1 insult1 contumely4 #d4 ,,condign'3 con dign very worthy3 hence1 merited1 deserved4 ,,obs4--,the prefix con is here merely intensive4 ,,exercise4 7#a47 ,what participial adjective is formed from the verb dignify8 ,ans4 ,dignified4--,give a stronger word4 ,ans4 ,majestic4--,give a word which denotes the same thing carried to excess and becoming ridiculous4 ,ans4 ,pompous4 7#b47 ,can you mention a character in ,american history remarkable for the dignity of his behavior8--,compose a sentence containing this word4 7#c47 ,give the plural of indignity4--,what is meant by saying that indignities were heaped on a person8 7#d47 ,how is the word condign now most frequently employed8 ,ans4 ,in connection with punishment3 thus we speak of condign punishment1 meaning richly deserved punishment4 #ae4 ,,doce',,re3 do'ceo1 doc'tum1 to teach4 ,radicals3 ,,doc- and ,,doct-4 #a4 ,,doc',,ile3 doc ile that may be taught3 hence1 teachable4 #b4 ,,doc',,tor3 doct or one who teaches3 hence1 one who has taken the highest degree in a university authorizing him to practice and teach4 #d4 ,,doc',,trine3 through ,lat4 n4 doctrina1 something taught2 hence1 a principle taught as part of a system of belief4 ,,exercise4 7#a47 ,combine and define docile ity4--,give the opposite of docile4 ,ans4 ,indocile4--,mention an animal that is very docile4--,mention one remarkable for its want of docility4 7#b47 ,what is meant by ,doctor of ,medicine8--,give the abbreviation4--,what does ,,ll4,d4 mean8 ,ans4 ,it stands for the words legum doctor1 doctor of laws3 the double ,l marks the plural of the ,latin noun4 7#c47 ,give two synonyms of doctrine4 ,ans4 ,precept1 tenet4--,what does tenet literally mean8 ,ans4 ,something held--from ,lat4 v4 tenere1 to hold4--,combine and define doctrine al4 #af4 ,,dom',,inus1 a master or lord4 ,radical3 ,,domin-4 #a4 ,,domin',,ion3 domin ion the act of exercising mastery3 hence1 7#a7 rule2 7#b7 a territory ruled over4 #b4 ,,dom',,inant3 domin ant relating to lordship or mastery3 hence1 prevailing4 #c4 ,,domineer'3 through ,fr4 v4 dominer2 literally1 to lord it over one3 hence1 to rule with insolence4 #d4 ,,predom',,inate3 pre domin ate to cause one to be master before another3 hence1 to be superior1 to rule4 ,,exercise4 7#a47 ,what is meant by saying that in #aggf the ,united ,colonies threw off the dominion of ,great ,britain8 7#b47 ,what is meant by the dominant party8 a dominant race8 7#c47 ,compose a sentence containing the word domineer4 ,,model3 ,the blustering tyrant1 ,sir ,edmund ,andros1 domineered for several years over the ,new ,england colonies2 but his misrule came to an end in #afhh with the accession of ,king ,william4 7#d47 ,the ,republicans at present predominate in ,mexico3 what does this mean8 #ag4 ,,fi',,nis1 an end or limit4 ,radical3 ,,fin-4 #a4 ,,fi',,nite3 fin ite having the quality of coming to an end3 hence1 limited in quantity or degree4 #b4 ,,fin',,ish3 through ,fr4 v4 finir2 literally1 to bring to an end3 hence1 to complete4 #c4 ,,infin',,ity3 in fin ity the state of having no limit3 hence1 unlimited extent of time1 space1 or quantity4 #d4 ,,define'3 through ,fr4 v4 definer2 literally1 to bring a thing down to its limits3 hence1 to determine with precision4 #e4 ,,confine'3 con fine2 literally1 to bring within limits or bounds3 hence1 to restrain4 #f4 ,,affin',,ity3 af 7a form of prefix ad7 fin ity close agreement4 ,,exercise4 7#a47 ,what is meant by saying that the human faculties are finite8 7#b47 ,what is the opposite of finite8--,give a synonym4 ,ans4 ,limited4--,what participial adjective is formed from the verb to finish8--,what is meant by a finished gentleman8 7#c47 ,give a synonym of infinity4 ,ans4 ,boundlessness4--,the microscope reveals the fact that each drop of water contains an infinity of animalcul4 ,what is the sense of infinity as used in this sentence8 7#d47 ,combine define ite2 in define ite4--,analyze the word definition4--,compose a sentence containing the word define4 7#e47 ,combine and define confine ment4--,what other part of speech than a verb is confine8 ,ans4 ,a noun4--,write a sentence containing the word confines4 7#f47 ,find in the dictionary the meaning of chemical affinity4 #ah4 ,,flu',,ere3 flu'o1 flux'um1 to flow4 ,radicals3 ,,flu- and ,,flux-4 #a4 ,,flux3 from fluxum a flowing4 #b4 ,,flu',,ent3 flu ent having the quality of flowing4 ,used in reference to language it means flowing speech3 hence1 voluble4 #c4 ,,flu',,id1 n43 flu id ,flowing3 hence1 anything that flows4 #d4 ,,flu',,ency3 flu ency state of flowing 7in reference to language74 #e4 ,,af',,fluence3 af 7form of ad7 flu ence a flowing to3 hence1 an abundant supply1 as of thought1 words1 money1 etc4 #f4 ,,con',,fluence3 con flu ence a flowing together3 hence1 7#a7 the flowing together of two or more streams2 7#b7 an assemblage1 a union4 #g4 ,,in',,flux3 in flux a flowing in or into4 #h4 ,,super',,fluous3 super flu ous having the quality of overflowing3 hence1 needless1 excessive4 ,,exercise4 7#b47 ,what is meant by a fluent speaker8--,what word would denote a speaker who is the reverse of fluent8 7#c47 ,write a sentence containing the word fluid4 7#d47 ,what is meant by fluency of style8 7#e47 ,what is the ordinary use of the word affluence8 ,an affluence of ideas1 means what8 7#f47 ,compose a sentence containing the word confluence4 ,,model3 ,new ,york ,city stands at the ---- of two streams4 7#h47 ,mention a noun corresponding to the adjective superfluous4--,compose a sentence containing the word superfluous4--,what is its opposite8 ,ans4 ,scanty1 meager4 #ai4 ,,grex1 gre'gis1 a flock or herd4 ,radical3 ,,greg-4 #a4 ,,ag',,gregate1 v43 ag 7for ad7 greg ate to cause to be brought into a flock3 hence1 to gather1 to assemble4 #b4 ,,egre',,gious3 e greg 7i7ous1 through ,lat4 adj4 egre'gius1 chosen from the herd3 hence1 remarkable4 ,,obs4--,its present use is in association with inferiority4 #c4 ,,con',,gregate3 con greg ate to perform the act of flocking together3 hence1 to assemble4 ,,exercise4 7#a47 ,what other part of speech than a verb is aggregate8--,why is this word spelled with a double g8 7#b47 ,combine and define egregious ly4--,what does an egregious blunder mean8--,compose a sentence containing the word egregious4 7#c47 ,why is it incorrect to speak of congregating together8--,combine and define congregate ion4 #bj4 ,i',,re3 e'o1 i'tum1 to go4 ,radical3 ,,it-4 #a4 ,,ambi',,tion3 amb 7around7 it ion the act of going around4 ,,definition3 an eager desire for superiority or power4 ,,obs4--,this meaning arose from the habit of candidates for office in ,rome going around to solicit votes3 hence1 aspiration for office1 and finally1 aspiration in general4 #b4 ,,ini',,tial1 a43 in it 7i7al pertaining to the ingoing3 hence1 marking the commencement4 #c4 ,,ini',,tiate3 in it 7i7ate to cause one to go in3 hence1 to introduce1 to commence4 #d4 ,,sedi',,tion3 sed 7aside7 it ion the act of going aside2 that is1 going to a separate and insurrectionary party4 #e4 ,,trans',,it3 trans it a passing across3 hence1 7#a7 the act of passing2 7#b7 the line of passage2 7#c7 a term in astronomy4 #f4 ,,tran',,sitory3 trans it ory passing over3 hence1 brief1 fleeting4 ,,exercise4 7#a47 ,compose a sentence containing the word ambition4 ,,model3 ,napoleon's ambition was his own greatness2 ,washington's1 the greatness of his country4--,what is meant by military ambition8 political ambition8 literary ambition8--,what adjective means possessing ambition8--,combine and define un ambitious4 7#b47 ,what is the opposite of initial8 ,ans4 ,final1 closing4--,what part of speech is initial besides an adjective8--,what is meant by initials8 7#c47 ,what is meant by saying that the campaign of #agge was initiated by an attack on the ,british in ,boston8--,give the opposite of initiate in the sense of commence4 7#d47 ,give a synonym of sedition4 ,ans4 ,insurrection4--,give another4--,compose a sentence containing this word4 7#e47 ,explain what is meant by goods in transit4--,explain what is meant by the ,nicaragua transit4--,when you speak of the transit of ,venus1 you are using a term in what science8 7#f47 ,give a synonym of transitory4--,give its opposite4 ,ans4 ,permanent1 abiding4 #ba4 ,,la',,pis1 lap'idis1 a stone4 ,radical3 ,,lapid-4 #a4 ,,lap',,idary3 lapid ary one who works in stone3 hence1 one who cuts1 polishes1 and engraves precious stones4 #b4 ,,dilap',,idated3 di lapid ate ed put into the condition of a building in which the stones are falling apart3 hence1 fallen into ruin1 decayed4 #c4 ,,dilapida',,tion3 di lapid ate ion the state 7of a building7 in which the stones are falling apart3 hence1 demolition1 decay4 ,,exercise4 ,use the word lapidary in a sentence4 ,,model3 ,when ,queen ,victoria wanted the ,koh-i-noor to be recut1 she sent it to a famous lapidary in ,holland4 7#b47 ,write a sentence containing the word dilapidated4 ,,model3 ,at ,newport1 ,rhode ,island1 there stands a dilapidated mill1 which some writers have foolishly believed to be a tower built by ,norsemen in the twelfth century4--,if we should speak of a dilapidated fortune1 would the word be used in its literal meaning or in a figurative sense8 7#c47 ,give two synonyms of dilapidation4 ,ans4 ,ruin1 decay4 #bb4 ,,lex1 le'gis1 a law or rule4 ,radical3 ,,leg-4 #a4 ,,le',,gal3 leg al relating to the law2 lawful4 #b4 ,,ille',,gal3 il 7for in1 not7 leg al not legal3 hence1 unlawful4 #c4 ,,leg',,islate3 from legis latum 7from ,lat4 v4 fer're1 latum1 to bring71 to bring forward3 hence1 to make or pass laws4 #d4 ,,legit',,imate3 through ,lat4 adj4 legitimus1 lawful2 legitim 7us7 ate made lawful3 hence1 in accordance with established law4 #e4 ,,priv',,ilege3 ,lat4 adj4 privus1 private2 literally1 a law passed for the benefit of a private individual3 hence1 a franchise1 prerogative1 or right4 ,,exercise4 7#a47 ,point out the different senses of legal in the two expressions1 the legal profession and a legal right4--,combine and define legal ize4 7#b47 ,give an ,anglo-,saxon synonym of illegal4 ,ans4 ,unlawful4--,show that they are synonyms4 ,ans4 il 7in7 un2 leg law2 and al ful4--,compose a sentence containing the word illegal4--,combine and define illegal ity4 7#c47 ,what noun derived from legislate means the law-making power8--,combine and define legislate ion2 legislate ive4 7#d47 ,give the negative of legitimate4 7#e47 ,what is the plural of privilege8--,define the meaning of this word in the passage1-- ,he claims his privilege1 and says 't is fit ,nothing should be the judge of wit1 but wit4 #bc4 ,,lit',,era1 a letter4 ,radical3 ,,liter-4 #a4 ,,lit',,eral3 liter al relating to the letter of a thing2 that is1 exact to the letter4 #b4 ,,lit',,erary3 liter ary pertaining to letters or learning4 #c4 ,,obliterate3 ob liter ate to cause letters to be rubbed out3 hence1 to rub out1 in general4 #d4 ,,lit',,erature3 through ,lat4 n4 literatura the collective body of literary works4 #e4 ,,illit',,erate3 il 7for in1 not7 liter ate of the nature of one who does not know his letters4 ,,exercise4 7#a47 ,define what is meant by a literal translation4 7#b47 ,give a synonymous expression for a literary man4--,compose a sentence containing the terms literary society4 7#c47 ,give a synonym of obliterate in its literal meaning4 ,ans4 ,to erase4--,if we should speak of obliterating the memory of a wrong1 would the word be used in its primary or its derivative sense8 7#d47 ,when we speak of ,english literature what is meant8--,can you mention a great poem in ,greek literature8--,compose a sentence containing the word literature4 7#e47 ,give a synonym of illiterate4 ,ans4 ,unlearned4--,what is the opposite of illiterate8 ,ans4 ,learned4 #bd4 ,,mors1 mortis1 death4 ,radical3 ,,mort-4 #a4 ,,mor',,tal3 mort a relating to death4 #b4 ,,mor',,tify3 mort ify literally1 to cause to die3 hence1 7#a7 to destroy vital functions2 7#b7 to humble4 #c4 ,,immor',,talize3 im 7for in1 not7 mort al ize to make not subject to death3 hence1 to perpetuate4 ,,exercise4 7#a47 ,what does ,shakespeare mean by the expression to shuffle off this mortal coil8--,combine and define mortal ity4--,what is the opposite of mortal8--,give a synonym4 ,ans4 ,deathless4 7#b47 ,state the two meanings of mortify4--,what noun is derived from this verb8 ,ans4 ,mortification4--,when a surgeon speaks of mortification setting in1 what does he mean8--,what is meant by mortification when we say that the ,british felt great mortification at the recapture of ,stony ,point by ,general ,anthony ,wayne8 7#c47 ,compose a sentence containing the word immortalize4 ,,model3 ,milton immortalized his name by the production of ,paradise ,lost4 #be4 ,,nor',,ma1 a rule4 ,radical3 ,,norm-4 #a4 ,,nor',,mal3 norm al according to rule4 #b4 ,,enor',,mous3 e norm ous having the quality of being out of all rule3 hence1 excessive1 huge4 #c4 ,,enor',,mity3 e norm ity the state of being out of all rule3 hence1 an excessive degree--generally used in regard to bad qualities4 #d4 ,,abnor',,mal3 ab norm al having the quality of being away from the usual rule3 hence1 unnatural4 ,,exercise4 7#a47 ,what is meant by the expression1 the normal condition of things8--,what is the meaning of the term a normal school8 ,ans4 ,it means a school whose methods of instruction are to serve as a model for imitation2 a school for the education of teachers4 7#b47 ,give a synonym of enormous4 ,ans4 ,immense4--,give another4--,what is meant by enormous strength8 an enormous crime8--,combine and define enormous ly4 7#c47 ,illustrate the meaning of the word enormity by a sentence4 #bf4 ,,or',,do1 or'dinis1 order4 ,radical3 ,,ordin-4 #a4 ,,or',,dinary3 ordin ary relating to the usual order of things4 #b4 ,,extraor',,dinary3 extra ordin ary beyond ordinary4 #c4 ,,inor',,dinate3 in ordin ate having the quality of not being within the usual order of things3 hence1 excessive4 #d4 ,,subor',,dinate3 sub ordin ate having the quality of being under the usual order3 hence1 inferior1 secondary4 #e4 ,,or',,dinance3 ordin ance that which is according to order3 hence1 a law4 #f4 ,,insubordina',,tion3 in sub ordin ate ion the state of not being under the usual order of things3 hence1 disobedience to lawful authority4 ,,exercise4 7#a47 ,what is meant by ordinary language8 an ordinary man8 7#b47 ,combine and define extraordinary ly4--,compose a sentence using the word extraordinary4--,give a synonym of extraordinary4 ,ans4 ,unusual4 7#c47 ,explain what is meant by saying that ,general ,charles ,lee had inordinate vanity4--,is inordinate used with reference to praiseworthy things8 7#d47 ,what part of speech other than an adjective is subordinate8--,what is meant by a subordinate8--,what does subordinate mean in the sentence1 ,we must subordinate our wishes to the rules of morality8--,combine and define subordinate ion4 7#e47 ,what does the expression the ordinances of the ,common ,council of the ,city of ,new ,york mean8 7#f47 ,compose a sentence containing the word insubordination4--,give the opposite of insubordination8 ,ans4 ,subordination1 obedience4 #bg4 ,,pars1 par'tis1 a part or share4 ,radical3 ,,part-4 #a4 ,,part3 from partis a share4 #b4 ,,par',,ticle3 part 7i7cle a small part4 #c4 ,,par',,tial3 part 7i7al relating to a part rather than the whole3 hence1 inclined to favor one party or person or thing4 #d4 ,,par',,ty3 through ,fr4 n4 partie3 a set of persons 7that is1 a part of the people7 engaged in some design4 #e4 ,,par',,tisan3 through ,fr4 n4 partisan a party man4 #f4 ,,depart'3 de part to take one's self away from one part to another4 ,,exercise4 7#a47 ,what part of speech is part besides a noun8--,write a sentence containing this word as a noun2 another as a verb4 7#b47 ,point out the connection of meaning between particle and particular4 ,ans4 ,particular' means taking note of the minute parts or particles of a given subject4 7#c47 ,what is the negative of partial8 ,ans4 ,impartial4--,define it4 7#d47 ,explain what is meant by a political party4 7#f47 ,combine and define depart ure4 #bh4 ,,pes1 pe'dis1 a foot4 ,radical3 ,,ped-4 #a4 ,,ped',,al3 ped al an instrument made to be moved by the foot4 #b4 ,,bi',,ped3 bi ped a two-footed animal4 #c4 ,,quad',,ruped3 quadru ped a four-footed animal4 7,quadru1 from quatuor1 four47 #d4 ,,ped',,dler3 literally1 a trader who travels on foot4 #e4 ,,expedite'3 ex ped ite 7ite1 equivalent to ate7 literally1 to free the feet from entanglement3 hence1 to hasten4 #f4 ,,expedi',,tion3 ex ped ite ion the act of expediting3 hence1 7#a7 the quality of being expeditious1 promptness2 7#b7 a sending forth for the execution of some object of importance4 #g4 ,,imped',,iment3 through ,lat4 n4 impedimentum2 literally1 something which impedes or entangles the feet3 hence1 an obstacle1 an obstruction4 ,,exercise4 7#b47 ,make up a sentence containing the word biped4 7#c47 ,make up a sentence containing the word quadruped4 7#d47 ,what is the ,english verb from which peddler comes8--,in what other way is peddler sometimes spelled8 ,ans4 ,it is sometimes spelled with but one d--thus1 pedler4 7#e47 ,to expedite the growth of plants3 what does that mean8--,give the opposite of expedite4 ,ans4 ,to retard4 7#f47 ,point out the double sense of the word expedition in the following sentences3 ,with winged expedition1 swift as lightning4--,milton4 ,the expedition of ,cortez miserably failed4--,prescott4 7#g47 ,compose a sentence containing the word impediment4--,what is meant by impediment of speech8--,is the word here used in its literal or its figurative sense8 #bi4 ,,rum',,pere3 rum'po1 rup'tum1 to break4 ,radical3 ,,rupt-4 #a4 ,,rup',,ture3 rupt ure the act of breaking with another2 that is1 a breach of friendly relations4 #b4 ,,erup',,tion3 e rupt ion the act of breaking or bursting out4 #c4 ,,abrupt'3 ab rupt broken off short3 hence1 having a sudden termination4 #d4 ,,corrupt'3 cor 7for con7 rupt thoroughly broken up3 hence1 decomposed1 depraved4 #e4 ,,interrupt'3 inter rupt to break in between3 hence1 to hinder4 #f4 ,,bank',,rupt3 literally1 one who is bank-broken1 who cannot pay his debts1 an insolvent debtor4 ,,exercise4 7#a47 ,what other part of speech than a noun is rupture8 ,ans4 ,a verb4--,compose one sentence using the word as a verb1 the other as a noun4--,what does the rupture of a blood vessel mean8 ,is this the literal sense of the word8--,the rupture of friendly relations between ,maine and ,massachusetts3 is this its literal or its figurative sense8 7#b47 ,compose a sentence containing the word eruption4 7#c47 ,combine and define abrupt ness2 abrupt ly4--,when we speak of an abrupt manner1 what is meant8--,when we speak of an abrupt descent1 what is meant8 7#d47 ,explain what is meant by corrupt principles2 a corrupt judge4--,combine and define corrupt ion2 corrupt ible2 in corrupt ible4--,what other part of speech than an adjective is corrupt8--,what part of speech is it in the sentence evil communications corrupt good manners8 #cj4 ,,tem',,pus1 tem'poris1 time4 ,radical3 ,,tempor-4 #a4 ,,tem',,poral3 tempor al relating to time3 hence1 not everlasting4 #b4 ,,tem',,porary3 tempor ary lasting only for a brief time4 #c4 ,,contem',,porary3 con tempor ary one who lives in the same time with another4 #d4 ,,tem',,perance3 through ,fr4 n4 temprance2 literal meaning1 the state of being well timed as to one's habits3 hence1 moderation4 #e4 ,,extempora',,neous3 ex temporane7us7 ous produced at the time4 #f4 ,,tem',,porize3 tempor ize to do as the times do3 hence1 to yield to the current of opinion4 ,,exercise4 7#a47 ,give the opposite of temporal4 ,ans4 ,eternal4 ,illustrate these two words by a sentence from the ,bible4 ,ans4 ,the things which are seen are temporal2 but the things which are not seen are eternal4 7#b47 ,give the opposite of temporary4 ,ans4 ,permanent4--,what is meant by the temporary government of a city8--,give a synonym of temporary4 ,ans4 ,transitory4--,would you say that man is a temporary being or a transitory being8 7#c47 ,compose a sentence illustrating the use of the word contemporary4--,what adjective corresponds to this adjective8 7#d47 ,state the distinction between temperance and abstinence4--,write a sentence showing the use of the two words4 7#e47 ,what is meant by an extemporaneous speech8 7#f47 ,what is one who temporizes sometimes called8 ,ans4 ,a time-server4 ,,division ,,ii4--,,abbreviated ,,latin ,,derivatives4 ,,note--,in ,division ,,ii1 the ,english derivatives from ,latin roots are given in abbreviated form1 and are arranged in paragraphs under the particular radicals1 from which the several groups of derivatives are formed4 ,the radicals are printed at the left in bold-face type--thus41 ,,acr-1 ,,acerb-1 etc4 ,derivatives not obviously connected with the ,latin roots are given in the last paragraph of each section4 ,pupils are required to unite the prefixes and suffixes with the radicals1 thus forming the ,english derivatives1 which may be given either orally or in writing4 ,only difficult definitions are appended3 in the case of words not defined1 pupils may be required to form the definition by reference to the signification of the radicals and the formative elements1 thus1 acr id acrid1 being bitter1 acr id ity state of being bitter1 bitterness4 #a4 ,a',,cer1 a'cris1 sharp2 ,acer'bus1 bitter2 ,ac'idus1 sour2 ,ace'tum1 vinegar4 ,,acr3 -id1 -idity2 ac'rimony 7,lat4 n4 acrimo'nia1 sharpness of temper72 acrimo'nious4 ,,acerb3 -ity2 exac'erbate1 to render bitter2 exacerba'tion4 ,,acid3 ac'id2 -ify1 -ity2 acid'ulate 7,lat4 adj4 acid'ulus1 slightly sour72 acid'ulous2 subac'id1 slightly acid4 ,,acet3 -ate1 a certain salt2 -ic1 pertaining to a certain acid2 -ify1 -ification1 -ose1 -ous4 #b4 ,,ae',,des1 a house4 ,,ed3 ed'ify2 edifica'tion2 ed'ifice 7,lat4 n4 edifi'cium1 a large building72 e'dile 7,lat4 n4 aedi'lis1 a ,roman magistrate who had charge of buildings74 #c4 ',,quus1 equal3 qua'lis1 equal1 just4 ,,equ3 -able1 -ation1 -ator1 -atorial1 -ity1 -itable2 ad'equate 7,lat4 v4 adequa're1 adequa'tum1 to make equal72 inadequacy2 inad'equate2 iniq'uity 7,lat4 n4 iniq'uitas1 want of equal or just dealing72 iniq'uitous4 ,,equal3 e'qual 7n41 v41 adj471 -ity1 -ize2 co-e'qual2 une'qual4 #d4 ',,vum1 an age2 ter'nitas1 eternal4 ,,ev3 co-e'val2 longevity 7,lat4 adj4 lon'gus1 long72 prime'val 7,lat4 adj4 pri'mus1 first74 ,,etern3 -al1 -ity1 -ize2 co-eter'nal4 #e4 ,a',,ger1 a'gri1 a field1 land4 ,,agri3 agra'rian 7,lat4 adj4 agrarius1 relating to land72 agra'rianism2 ag'riculture 7,lat4 n4 cultu'ra1 cultivation71 agricult'ural1 agricult'urist4 ,per'egrinate 7,lat4 v4 peregrina'ri1 to travel in foreign lands72 peregrina'tion2 pil'grim 7,fr4 n4 plrin1 a wanderer72 pil'grimage4 ,,agere1 to do4 7,see p4 #bc47 #f4 ,,al',,ere3 a'lo1 al'itum or al'tum1 to nourish2 ,,ales',,cere3 ales'co to grow up4 ,,al3 al'iment 7,lat4 n4 alimen'tum1 nourishment72 alimen'tary2 al'imony 7,lat4 n4 alimo'ma1 allowance made to a divorced wife for her support74 ,,alit3 coali'tion 7-ist74 ,,alesc3 coalesce' 7-ence1 -ent74 ,,alienus4 7,see p4 #be47 #g4 ,,al',,ter1 another2 ,alter'nus1 one after another4 ,,alter3 al'ter1 -ation1 -ative 7a medicine producing a change72 unal'tered2 alterca'tion 7,lat4 n4 alterca'tio1 a contention74 ,,altern3 -ate1 -ation1 -ative2 subal'tern1 a subordinate officer4 ,,amare2 ,,amicus4 7,see p4 #be47 ,,animus2 ,,anima4 7,see p4 #bf47 ,,annus4 7,see p4 #bg47 #h4 ,,anti',,quus1 old1 ancient4 ,,antiqu3 -ary1 -arian1 -ated1 -ity2 antique' 7,fr4 adj4 antique71 old1 ancient4 #i4 ,,ap',,tus1 fit1 suitable4 ,,apt3 apt1 -itude1 -ly1 -ness2 adapt' 7-able1 -ation1 -or74 #aj4 ,a',,qua1 water4 ,,aque3 -duct 7du'cere1 to lead72 a'queous2 suba'queous2 terra'queous 7,lat4 n4 terra1 land72 aquat'ic 7,lat4 adj4 aquat'icus1 relating to water72 aqua'rium 7,lat4 n4 aqua'rium1 a reservoir of water71 a tank for water-plants and animals4 #aa4 ,,ar',,biter1 ar'bitri1 a judge or umpire4 ,,arbiter3 ar'biter1 a judge or umpire4 ,,arbitr3 -ary1 -ate1 -ation1 -ator2 arbit'rament 7,lat4 n4 arbitramen'tum1 decision74 #ab4 ,,ar',,bor1 ar'boris1 a tree4 ,,arbor3 ar'bor1 a lattice-work covered with vines1 etc41 a bower2 -et1 a little tree2 -ist1 -escent1 -7e7ous2 arbore'tum1 a place where specimens of trees are cultivated2 arboricult'ure 7-ist74 #ac4 ,,ar',,ma1 arms1 weapons4 ,,arm3 arm 7n4 and v472 arms1 weapons2 -or1 defensive weapons2 ar'morer2 ar'mory2 armo'rial1 belonging to the escutcheon or coat of arms of a family2 ar'mistice 7sis'tere1 to cause to stand still72 disarm'2 unarmed'4 ,arma'da 7,span1 n471 a naval warlike force2 ar'my 7,fr4 n arme72 ar'mament 7,lat4 n4 armamen'ta1 utensils72 armadil'lo 7,span1 n471 an animal armed with a bony shell4 ,,ars4 7,see page #bh47 #ad4 ,,artic',,ulus1 a little joint4 ,,articul3 -ate 7v41 to utter in distinctly jointed syllables71 -ate 7adj4 formed with joints71 -ation2 inartic'ulate2 ar'ticle 7,fr4 n4 article74 #ae4 ,,as',,per1 rough4 ,,asper3 -ate1 -ity2 exas'perate2 exas'peration4 ,,audire4 7,see page #bi47 #af4 ,,auge',,re3 au'geo1 auc'tum1 to increase4 ,,aug3 augment' 7v472 augmentation4 ,,auct3 -ion1 a sale in which the price is increased by bidders2 -ioneer4 ,author 7,lat4 n4 auc'tor1 one who increases knowledge72 author'ity2 au'thorize2 auxil'iary 7,lat4 n4 auxil'ium1 help74 #ag4 ,a',,vis1 a bird2 ,au'gur1 ,aus'pex1 aus'picis1 a soothsayer4 ,,augur3 au'gur 7n471 one who foretells future events by observing the flight of birds1 7v47 to foretell2 au'gury1 an omen2 inau'gurate1 to invest with an office by solemn rites2 inaugura'tion2 inau'gural4 ,,auspici3 -ous1 favorable2 inauspi'cious2 aus'pices4 #ah4 ,,bar',,barus1 savage1 uncivilized4 ,,barbar3 -ian 7n4 and adj471 -ic1 -ism1 -ity1 -ize1 -ous4 #ai4 ,,bis1 twice or two4 ,,bi3 bi'ennial 7,lat4 n4 an'nus1 a year72 big'amy 7,greek n4 gamos1 marriage72 bil'lion 7,lat4 n4 mil'lio1 a million2 literally1 twice a million72 bipar'tite 7,lat4 n4 pars1 par'tis1 a part72 bi'ped 7,lat4 n4 pes1 pe'dis1 foot72 bis'cuit 7,fr4 v4 cuit1 cooked72 bisect' 7,lat4 v4 sec'tum1 cut72 bi'valve 7,lat4 n4 val'v1 folding-doors72 bi'nary 7,lat4 adj4 bi'ni1 two by two72 binoc'ular 7,lat4 n4 oc'ulus1 the eye72 combine'2 combina'tion4 #bj4 ,,bo',,nis1 good2 ,be'ne1 well4 ,,bonus3 bonus 7something to the good of a person in addition to compensation71 bounty 7,fr4 n4 bont1 kindness72 boun'teous2 boun'tiful4 ,,bene3 ben'efice 7,lat4 v4 fac'ere1 fac'tum1 to do71 literally1 a benefit1 an ecclesiastical living2 benef'icence2 benef'icent2 benefi'cial2 ben'efit2 benefac'tion2 benefac'tor2 benedic'tion 7,lat4 v4 dic'ere1 dic'tum1 to say72 benev'olence 7,lat4 v4 vel'le1 to will74 ,,exercise4 ,in this and the following exercises1 tell the roots of the words printed in italic3 ,the equator divides the globe into two equal parts4 ,good agriculturists read agricultural papers4 ,in the primeval ages the longevity of man was very great4 ,the pilgrims have gone on a pilgrimage to the ,holy ,land4 ,the subaltern had no alternative but to obey4 ,to remove the stain a powerful acid must be used4 ,the alimony which had hitherto been allowed was no longer considered adequate4 ,the discourse1 though learned1 was not edifying4 ,god is an eternal and unchangeable being4 ,the handsome edifice was burned to the ground4 ,the plants and animals in the aquarium were brought from abroad4 ,though the style is antiquated1 it is not inelegant4 ,the arbitrary proceedings of the ,british ,parliament exasperated the ,americans4 ,god is the bountiful ,giver of all good4 ,the ,president made a short inaugural address4 ,by combined effort success is sure4 ,one of ,scott's novels is called ,the ,antiquary4 ,it is barbarous needlessly to destroy life4 ,george ,peabody was noted for his benevolence4 ,the ,romans were famous for their great aqueducts4 #ba4 ,,cad',,ere3 ca'do1 ca'sum1 to fall4 ,,cad3 -ence1 a falling of the voice2 cascade' 7,fr4 n472 deca'dence4 ,,cide3 ac'cident2 coincide' 7con in72 coin'cidence2 decid'uous2 in'cident2 oc'cident1 the place of the falling or setting sun1 the west4 ,,case3 case1 the state in which a thing happens or falls to be2 casual 7,lat4 n4 ca'sus1 a fall72 cas'ualty2 cas'uist1 one who studies cases of conscience2 cas'uistry2 occa'sion4 ,chance 7,fr4 v4 choir1 to fall71 something that befalls without apparent cause2 decay 7,fr4 v4 dchoir1 to fall away74 #bb4 ,c,d',,ere3 c'do1 c'sum1 to cut1 to kill4 ,,cide3 decide'1 to cut off discussion1 to determine2 frat'ricide1 the killing of a brother 7,lat4 n4 fra'ter1 a brother72 hom'icide 7ho'mo1 a man72 infan'ticide 7in'fans1 an infant72 mat'ricide 7ma'ter1 a mother72 par'ricide 7pa'ter1 a father72 reg'icide 7rex1 re'gis1 a king72 su'icide 7,lat4 pro4 sui1 one's self74 ,,cise3 con-1 ex-1 pre-2 concise'ness2 decis'ion2 deci'sive2 excis'ion1 incis'ion2 inci'sor2 precis'ion4 #bc4 ,,cal',,culus1 a pebble4 ,,calcul3 -able 7literally1 that may be counted by the help of pebbles anciently used in reckoning71 -ate1 -ation1 -ator2 incal'culable2 miscal'culate4 #bd4 ,,cande',,re3 can'deo1 can'ditum1 to be white1 to shine 7literally1 to burn1 to glow72 ,can'didus1 white4 ,,cand3 -id1 fair1 sincere2 -or1 openness1 sincerity2 incandes'cent4 ,,can',,did3 -ate 7in ,rome aspirants for office wore white robes74 ,cen'ser1 a vessel in which incense is burned2 in'cense 7n471 perfume given off by fire2 incense' 7v471 to inflame with anger2 incen'diary 7,lat4 n4 incen'dium1 a fire72 can'dle 7,lat4 cande'la1 a white light made of wax72 chand'ler 7literally a maker or seller of candles72 chandelier'2 candel'abra4 #be4 ,,can',,ere3 ca'no1 can'tum1 to sing2 ,fr chanter1 to sing4 ,,cant3 cant1 hypocritical sing-song speech2 canta'ta1 a poem set to music2 can'ticle2 can'ticles1 the ,song of ,solomon2 can'to1 division of a poem2 discant'2 incanta'tion1 enchantment2 recant'1 literally1 to sing back1 to retract4 ,,chant3 chant2 chant'er2 chan'ticleer2 chant'ry2 enchant'4 ,ac'cent 7,lat4 ad4 and cantus1 a song71 literally1 a modulation of the voice2 accentua'tion2 precen'tor 7,lat4 v4 prcan'ere1 to sing before74 #bf4 ,,cap',,ere3 ca'pio1 cap'tum1 to take4 ,,cap3 -able1 -ability2 inca'pable4 ,,cip3 antic'ipate2 eman'cipate 7,lat4 n4 ma'nus1 hand71 literally1 to take away from the hand of an owner1 to free2 incip'ient2 munic'ipal 7,lat4 n4 municip'ium1 a free town2 mu'nia1 official duties1 and cap'ere1 to take72 partic'ipate 7,lat4 n4 pars1 par'tis1 a part72 par'ticiple2 prince 7,lat4 n4 prin'ceps1--,lat4 adj4 pri'mus1 first3 hence1 taking the first place or lead72 prin'cipal2 prin'ciple2 recip'ient2 rec'ipe 7imperative of recip'ere2 literally1 take thou1 being the first word of a medical prescription74 ,,ceive 7,fr4 root cap- or cip-73 conceive'2 deceive'2 perceive'2 receive'4 ,,capt3 -ive1 -ivate1 -ivity1 -or1 -ure4 ,,cept3 accept' 7-able1 -ance1 -ation72 concep'tion2 decep'tion2 decep'tive2 except' 7-ion1 -ionable72 incep'tion2 incep'tive2 intercept'2 pre'cept2 precep'tor2 recep'tacle2 recep'tion2 suscep'tible4 ,,ceit 7,fr4 root capt- or cept-73 conceit'2 deceit'2 receipt'4 ,capa'cious 7,lat4 adj4 ca'pax1 capa'cis1 able to hold3 hence large72 capac'itate2 capac'ity2 incapac'itate4 ,,caput4 7,see page #cj47 #bg4 ,,ca',,ro1 carnis1 flesh4 ,,carn3 -age1 slaughter2 -al1 -ation1 the flesh-colored flower2 incar'nate2 incarna'tion4 ,carne'lian 7,lat4 adj4 car'neus1 fleshy71 a flesh-colored stone2 car'nival 7,lat4 v4 vale1 farewell71 a festival preceding ,lent2 carniv'orous 7,lat4 v4 vora're1 to eat72 char'nel 7,fr4 adj4 charnel1 containing flesh74 #bh4 ,,cau',,sa1 a cause4 ,,caus3 -al1 -ation1 -ative2 cause 7,fr4 n4 cause71 n4 and v4 ,accuse' 7,fr4 v4 accuser1 to bring a charge against71 -ative1 -ation1 -er2 excuse' 7,fr4 v4 excuser1 to absolve72 excus'able2 rec'usant 7,lat4 v4 recusa're1 to refuse74 #bi4 ,,cave',,re3 ca'veo1 cautum1 to beware4 ,,caut3 -ion1 -ious2 incau'tious2 precaution4 ,ca'veat 7#c;d per4 sing4 present subjunctive let him beware71 an intimation to stop proceedings4 #cj4 ,,ca',,vus1 hollow4 ,,cav3 -ity2 concav'ity2 ex'cavate4 ,cave 7,fr4 n4 cave71 literally1 a hollow1 empty space2 con'cave 7,lat4 adj4 conca'vus1 arched72 cav'il 7,lat4 n4 cavil'la1 a jest74 #ca4 ,,ced',,ere3 ce'do1 ces'sum1 to go1 to yield4 ,,cede3 cede2 accede'2 antece'dent2 concede'2 precede'2 recede'2 secede'2 unprecedented4 ,,ceed3 ex-1 pro-1 sub- 7suc-74 ,,cess3 -ation1 -ion2 ab'scess1 a collection of matter gone away1 or collected in a cavity2 ac'cess2 acces'sible2 acces'sion2 acces'sory2 conces'sion2 excess'2 exces'sive2 interces'sion2 interces'sor2 preces'sion2 proc'ess2 proces'sion2 recess'2 seces'sion2 success' 7-ful1 -ion1 -ive74 #cb4 ,,cense',,re3 cen'seo1 cen'sum1 to weigh1 to estimate1 to tax4 ,,cens3 -or1 -ure2 censo'rious2 cen'surable2 recen'sion4 ,cen'sus 7,lat4 n4 census1 an estimate74 #cc4 ,,cen',,trum1 the middle point4 ,,centr3 -al1 -ical2 centrif'ugal 7,lat4 v4 fu'gere1 to flee72 centrip'etal 7,lat4 v4 pet'ere1 to seek72 concen'trate2 concentra'tion2 concen'tric2 eccen'tric2 eccentric'ity4 ,cen'ter or cen'tre 7,fr4 n4 centre71 n4 and v42 cen'tered4 #cd4 ,,cen',,tum1 a hundred4 ,,cent3 cent2 cent'age2 cen'tenary 7,lat4 adj4 centena'rius72 centena'rian2 centen'nial 7,lat4 n4 an'nus1 a year72 cen'tigrade 7,lat4 n4 gra'dus1 a degree72 cen'tipede 7,lat4 n4 pes1 pe'dis1 the foot72 cen'tuple 7,lat4 adj4 centu'plex1 hundredfold72 centu'rion 7,lat4 n4 centu'rio1 a captain of a hundred72 cent'ury 7,lat4 n4 centu'ria1 a hundred years72 percent'age4 #ce4 ,,cer',,nere3 cer'no1 cre'tum1 to sift1 to see1 to judge2 ,discrimen1 discrim'inis1 distinction4 ,,cern3 con-1 de-1 dis-2 unconcern'2 discern'er1 discern'ible1 discern'ment4 ,,cret3 decre'tal1 a book of decrees2 discre'tion2 discre'tionary2 excre'tion2 se'cret2 sec'retary4 ,,discrimin3 -ate1 -ation2 indiscrim'inate4 ,decree' 7,fr4 n4 decret72 discreet' 7,fr4 adj4 discret72 discrete' 7literally1 sifted apart71 separate4 #cf4 ,,certa',,re3 cer'to1 certa'tum1 to contend1 to vie4 ,,cert3 con'cert 7n472 concert' 7v472 disconcert'2 preconcert'4 #cg4 ,,cin',,gere3 cin'go1 cinc'tum1 to gird4 ,,cinct3 cinct'ure2 pre'cinct2 succinct'1 literally1 girded or tucked up1 compressed1 concise2 succinct'ness4 #ch4 ,,cir',,cus1 a circle2 cir'culus1 a little circle4 ,,circ3 cir'cus1 an open space for sports2 cir'clet4 ,,circul3 -ar1 -ate1 -ation1 -atory4 ,cir'cle 7,fr4 n4 cercle72 encir'cle2 sem'icircle4 #ci4 ,,cita',,re3 ci'to1 cita'tum1 to stir up1 to rouse4 ,,cite3 cite1 to summon or quote2 excite' 7-able1 -ability1 -ment72 incite' 7-ment72 recite' 7-al72 resus'citate 7,lat4 v4 suscita're1 to raise74 ,,citat3 cita'tion2 recita'tion2 recitative'1 a species of musical recitation4 ,,civis4 7,see p4 #ca47 #dj4 ,,clama',,re3 cla'mo1 clama'tum1 to cry out1 to shout2 ,clam'or1 a loud cry4 ,,claim3 claim 7v4 and n41 to demand2 a demand71 ac-1 de-1 dis-1 ex-1 pro-1 re-2 claim'ant2 reclaim'a'ble4 ,,clamat3 acclama'tion2 declama'tion2 declam'atory2 exclama'tion2 exclam'atory2 proclama'tion2 reclama'tion4 ,,clamor3 clam'or 7v4 and n471 -er1 -ous4 ,,exercise4 ,the decay of the tree was caused by the incisions which had accidentally been made in the bark4 ,the captives will be set at liberty1 but the precise time of their emancipation has not been fixed4 ,the harbor is capacious1 and can receive vessels of the largest size4 ,the merits of the candidates were discriminated with great candor4 ,we were enchanted with the carnival at ,rome4 ,this recitation is satisfactory4 ,have you ever seen a centigrade thermometer8 ,nothing is so successful as success4 ,the number of concentric circles in the trunk marked the age of the tree4 ,no censer round our altar beams4 ,the heat being excessive1 we took shelter in the recesses of a cave4 ,precision is the principal quality of good writing4 ,franklin's father was a tallow chandler4 ,last century there was great carnage in ,america4 ,infanticide is much practiced in ,china4 ,the proclamation was widely circulated4 ,the president was inaugurated on the #dth of ,march4 ,the census is taken every ten years4 ,conceit is worse than eccentricity4 ,have you filed your caveat8 #da4 ,,clau',,dere3 clau'do1 clau'sum1 to shut1 to close4 ,,clud3 conclude'2 exclude'2 include'2 preclude'2 seclude'4 ,,clus3 conclu'sion2 conclu'sive2 exclu'sion2 exclu'sive2 recluse'2 seclu'sion4 ,,close3 close 7v41 n41 adj472 clos'et2 close'ness2 inclose' 7-ure72 enclose' 7-ure74 ,clause 7,fr4 n4 clause72 clois'ter 7old ,fr4 n4 cloistre74 #db4 ,,clina',,re3 cli'no1 clina'tum1 to bend2 ,cli'vus1 a slope or hill4 ,,clinat3 inclina'tion4 ,,cline3 de-1 in-1 re-4 ,,cliv3 accliv'ity2 decliv'ity2 procliv'ity4 #dc4 ,,col',,ere3 co'lo1 cul'tum1 to till1 to cultivate 7,low ,lat4 ,cultiva're1 to cultivate74 ,,cult3 cult'ure 7,lat4 n4 cultu'ra1 a cultivation72 ag'riculture 7,lat4 n4 a'ger1 a field72 arboricult'ure 7,lat4 n4 ar'bor1 a tree72 flor'iculture 7,lat4 n4 flos1 flo'ris1 a flower72 hor'ticulture 7,lat4 n4 hor'tus1 a garden72 ausculta'tion 7,lat4 n4 ausculta'tio1 a listening2 hence1 a test of the lungs74 ,,cultiv3 -ate1 -ation1 -ator4 ,col'ony 7,lat4 n4 colo'nia1 a settlement72 colo'nial2 col'onist2 col'onize4 ,,cor4 7,see page #cb47 ,,corpus4 7,see page #cc47 ,,credere4 7,see page #ce47 #dd4 ,,crea',,re3 cre'o1 crea'tum1 to create4 ,,creat3 -ion1 -ive1 -or1 -ure2 create' 7pro-1 re-74 #de4 ,,cres',,cere3 cres'co1 cre'tum1 to grow4 ,,cresc3 cres'cent2 excres'cence2 decrease'2 increase'4 ,,cret3 accre'tion2 con'crete2 concre'tion4 ,accrue' 7,fr4 n4 accrue1 increase72 in'crement 7,lat4 n4 incremen'tum1 increase72 recruit' 7,fr4 v4 recroitre1 recru1 to grow again74 #df4 ,,crux1 cru'cis1 a cross4 ,,cruc3 cru'cial 7,fr4 adj4 cruciale1 as if bringing to the cross3 hence1 severe72 cru'cible 7a chemist's melting-pot--,lat4 n4 crucib'ulum--marked in old times with a cross72 cru'ciform 7,lat4 n4 for'ma1 a shape72 cru'cify 7,lat4 v4 fig'ere1 fix'um1 to fix72 crucifix'ion2 excru'ciating4 ,cross 7,fr4 n4 croix72 cro'sier 7,fr4 n4 crosier72 cruise 7,dan4 v4 kruisen1 to move crosswise or in a zigzag72 crusade' 7,fr4 n4 croisade1 in the ,middle ,ages1 an expedition to the ,holy ,land made under the banner of the cross72 crusad'er4 #dg4 ,,cuba',,re3 cu'bo 7in compos1 cumbo71 cub'itum1 to lie down4 ,,cub3 in'cubate2 incuba'tion2 in'cubator4 ,,cumb3 incum'bency2 incum'bent2 procum'bent2 recum'bency2 recum'bent2 succumb' 7sub-72 superincum'bent4 ,cu'bit 7,lat4 n4 cub'itus1 the elbow1 because it serves for leaning upon72 in'cubus 7,lat4 n4 in'cubus71 the nightmare4 #dh4 ,,cu',,ra1 care4 ,,cur3 -able1 -ate1 -ative1 -ator2 ac'curate2 ac'curacy2 inac'curate2 proc'urator4 ,cu'rious2 prox'y 7contracted from proc'uracy74 authority to act for another2 secure' 7,lat4 adj4 secu'rus1 from se for si'ne1 without1 and cu'ra1 care72 secu'rity2 insecure'2 si'necure 7,lat4 prep4 si'ne1 without--an office without duties74 ,,currere4 7,see page #cf47 #di4 ,,da',,re3 do1 da'tum1 to give4 ,,dat3 date 7originally the time at which a public document was given--da'tum72 da'ta 7,lat4 plural of da'tum71 facts or truths given or admitted2 da'tive4 ,,dit3 addi'tion2 condi'tion2 ed'it 7-ion1 -or72 perdi'tion2 tradi'tion2 extradi'tion4 ,add 7,lat4 v4 ad'dere1 to give or put to72 adden'dum 7pl4 adden'da71 something to be added4 #ej4 ,,debe',,re3 de'beo1 deb'itum1 to owe4 ,,debt3 debt2 debt'or2 indebt'ed2 deb'it 7n4 and v474 #ea4 ,,de',,cem1 ten2 ,dec'imus1 the tenth4 ,,decem3 ,decem'ber 7formerly the tenth month72 decem'virate 7,lat4 n4 vir1 a man71 a body of ten magistrates2 decen'nial 7,lat4 n4 an'nus1 a year74 ,,decim3 dec'imal2 dec'imate2 duodec'imo 7,lat4 adj4 duodec'imus1 twelfth71 a book having twelve leaves to a sheet4 #eb4 ,,dens1 den'tis1 a tooth4 ,,dent3 dent1 to notch2 den'tal2 den'tifrice 7,lat4 v4 frica're1 to rub72 den'tist2 denti'tion 7,lat4 n4 denti'tio1 a cutting of the teeth72 eden'tate 7,lat4 adj4 edenta'tus1 toothless72 indent'2 indent'ure2 tri'dent 7,lat4 adj4 tres1 three71 ,neptune's three-pronged scepter2 dan'delion 7,fr4 dent-de-lion1 the lion's tooth71 a plant4 #ec4 ,,de',,us1 a ,god2 ,divi'nus1 relating to ,god1 divine4 ,,de3 de'ify2 de'ism2 de'ist2 deist'ical2 de'ity4 ,,divin3 divine'2 divina'tion 7,lat4 n4 divina'tio1 a foretelling the aid of the gods72 divin'ity4 #ed4 ,,dic',,ere3 di'co1 dio'tum1 to say4 ,,dict3 dic'tate2 dicta'tor2 dictatorial2 dic'tion2 dic'tionary 7,lat4 n4 dictiona'rium1 a word-book72 dic'tum 7pl4 dic'ta71 positive opinion2 addict' 7,lat4 v4 addic'ere1 to devote72 benedic'tion 7,lat4 adv4 be'ne1 well72 contradict'2 e'dict2 indict' 7,lat4 v4 indic'ere1 to proclaim71 to charge with a crime2 indict'ment2 in'terdict2 jurid'ic 7,lat4 n4 jus1 ju'ris1 justice71 relating to the distribution of justice2 maledic'tion 7,lat4 adv4 ma'le1 ill72 predict'2 predic'tion2 valedic'tory 7,lat4 v4 va'le1 farewell72 ver'dict 7,lat4 adj4 ve'rus1 true74 ,dit'to1 n4 7,ital4 n4 det'to1 a word71 the aforesaid thing2 indite' 7,lat4 v4 indic'ere1 to dictate71 to compose4 #ee4 ,,di',,es1 a day2 ,french jour1 a day4 ,,dies3 di'al2 di'ary2 di'et2 diur'nal 7,lat4 adj4 diur'nus1 daily72 merid'ian 7,lat4 n4 merid'ies me'dius di'es1 midday72 merid'ional2 quotid'ian 7,lat4 adj4 quotidia'nus1 daily74 ,,jour3 jour'nal2 jour'nalist2 jour'ney2 adjourn'2 adjourn'ment2 so'journ2 so'journer4 ,,dignus 7,see page #cg47 #ef4 ,,divid',,ere3 div'ido1 divi'sum1 to divide1 to separate4 ,,divid3 divide'2 div'idend2 subdivide'2 individ'ual1 literally1 one not to be divided1 a single person4 ,,divis3 -ible1 -ibility1 -ion1 -or4 ,device' 7,fr4 n4 devis1 something imagined or devised72 devise' 7,fr4 v4 deviser1 to form a plan74 ,,docere4 7,see page #ch47 #eg4 ,,dole',,re3 do'leo1 doli'tum1 to grieve4 ,dole'ful2 do'lor2 dol'orous2 condole'2 condo'lence2 in'dolent 7literally1 not grieving or caring71 lazy4 ,,dominus4 7,see page #ch47 #eh4 ,,du',,cere3 du'co1 duc'tum1 to lead1 to bring forward4 ,,duc3 adduce'2 conduce'2 condu'cive2 deduce'2 educe'2 ed'ucate2 educa'tion2 induce'2 induce'ment2 introduce'2 produce'2 reduce'2 redu'cible2 seduce'2 superinduce'2 traduce'2 tradu'cer4 ,,duct3 abduc'tion2 duc'tile 7-ity72 conduct' 7-or72 deduct' 7-ion1 -ive72 induct' 7-ion1 -ive72 introduc'tion2 introduc'tory2 prod'uct 7-ion1 -ive72 reduc'tion2 seduc'tion2 seduc'tive2 aq'ueduct 7,lat4 n4 a'qua1 water72 vi'aduct 7,lat4 n4 vi'a1 a road72 con'duit 7,fr4 n4 conduit71 a channel for conveying water4 #ei4 ,,du',o1 two4 ,,du3 du'al2 du'el 7-ist72 duet'2 du'plicate 7,lat4 v4 plica're1 to fold72 dupli'city 7,lat4 n4 duplic'itas1 double dealing74 ,dubi'ety 7,lat4 n4 dubi'etas1 uncertainty72 du'bious 7,lat4 adj4 du'bius1 uncertain72 indu'bitable 7,lat4 v4 dubita're1 to doubt72 doub'le 7,fr4 adj4 double1 twofold72 doubt 7,fr4 n4 doubt71 -ful1 -less2 undoubt'ed4 #fj4 ,,du',,rus1 hard1 lasting2 ,,dura',,re3 du'ro1 dura'tum1 to last4 ,,dur3 -able1 -ableness1 -ability1 -ance1 state of being held hard and fast2 duresse1 hardship1 constraint2 endure' 7-ance72 ob'duracy4 ,,durat3 dura'tion2 in'durate1 to grow hard2 indura'tion2 ob'duracy4 ,,exercise4 ,when the speech1 was concluded loud acclamation arose4 ,in many parts of the colony much of the waste land has been reclaimed1 and agricultural operations now receive the due attention of the colonists4 ,the patient declined to undergo auscultation4 ,fishing is a healthful recreation4 ,many of the crusaders were inspired with great courage4 ,security was offered1 but it was not accepted4 ,the incumbent could not stand the crucial test1 and hence succumbed4 ,a curious excrescence was cut from the tree4 ,to ,neptune with his trident the ,greeks ascribed divine power4 ,a ,french journalist has been indicted4 ,the valedictory was pronounced in ,december4 ,what is the difference between addition and division8 ,we may easily predict the ruin of an indolent debtor4 ,how many maledictions are heaped on dentists6 ,the reduction of the public debt is desirable4 ,the prisoner was doleful because he was in duresse vile4 ,an educated man is known by his accurate use of language4 ,the dandelion is a productive plant4 ,the pilgrims received the priest's benediction before setting out on their journey4 ,the decimal system conduces to the saving of time4 #fa4 ,,em',,ere3 ,e',,mo1 ,,emp',,tum1 to buy or take4 ,,empt3 exempt' 7-ion72 per'emptory 7,lat4 adj4 perempto'rius1 wholly taken away71 decisive1 final2 pre-empt'2 pre-emp'tion1 the right of buying before others2 redemp'tion4 ,redeem' 7,lat4 v4 redim'ere1 to buy back72 redeem'er2 prompt 7,lat4 adj4 promp'tus pro-emp'tus1 taken out2 hence1 ready72 prompt'er2 prompt'itude2 prompt'ness2 impromp'tu 7,lat4 in promp'tu1 in readiness74 #fb4 ,,erra',,re3 er'ro1 erra'tum1 to wander4 ,,err3 err1 -ant1 -antry2 er'ror 7,lat4 n4 er'ror72 erro'neous 7,lat4 adj4 erro'neus1 erring74 ,,errat3 errat'ic2 erra'tum 7pl4 er'rata71 a mistake in printing2 aberra'tion4 #fc4 ,,es',,se1 to be2 en1 en'tis1 being4 ,,ent3 ab'sent 7-ee72 ab'sence2 en'tity2 nonen'tity2 omnipres'ent 7,lat4 adj4 om'nis1 all72 pres'ent 7-ation1 -ly72 represent' 7-ation1 -ative72 misrepresent'4 ,es'sence 7,lat4 n4 essen'tia1 being72 essen'tial2 quintes'sence 7,lat4 adj4 quin'tus1 fifth71 the highest essence2 in'terest 7#c;d pers4 sing4 pres4 indic4 of interes'se it interests or is of interest72 disin'terested4 #fd4 ,,fa',,cere3 fa'cio1 fac'tum1 to do or make2 ,french ,faire4 ,,fac3 face'tious 7,lat4 adj4 face'tus1 merry72 fac'ile 7,lat4 adj4 fa'cilis1 easily done72 facil'ity2 facil'itate2 fac'ulty 7,lat4 n4 facul'tas1 power1 ability72 fac-sim'ile 7,lat4 adj4 sim'ilis1 like71 literally1 make like1 an exact copy2 facto'tum 7,lat4 adj4 to'tum1 the whole2 literally1 do the whole71 a servant of all work4 ,,fic3 ben'efice 7see bene72 def'icit 7literally1 it is wanting71 a lack2 defi'ciency2 defi'cient2 dif'ficult 7,lat4 adj4 diffic'ilis1 arduous72 ef'ficacy 7,lat4 adj4 ef'ficax1 effica'cis1 powerful72 effi'cient1 causing effects2 of'fice 7,lat4 n4 offic'ium1 a duty72 of'ficer2 offi'cial2 offi'cious2 profi'cient2 suffice'1 literally1 to make up what is wanting2 suffi'cient4 ,,fact3 fact2 fac'tor2 fac'tion1 a party acting in opposition2 fac'tious2 facti'tious 7,lat4 adj4 facti'tius1 artificial72 benefac'tor2 manufacture 7,lat4 n4 ma'nus1 the hand74 ,,fect3 affect' 7-ation1 -ion72 disaffec'tion2 confec'tion1 literally1 made with sugar 7-er72 defect' 7-ion1 -ive72 effect' 7-ive72 effect'ual2 infect' 7-ion72 infec'tious2 per'fect1 literally1 thoroughly made 7-ion72 imper'fect 7-ion72 refec'tion2 refec'tory4 ,,faire 7past participle fait73 fash'ion 7,fr4 n4 faon1 the make or form of a thing72 fea'sible 7,old ,fr4 faisible1 that may be done72 feat2 affair'2 coun'terfeit1 literally1 to make again1 to imitate2 for'feit1 7,fr4 v4 forfaire1 to misdo71 to lose by some fault2 sur'feit1 v41 to overdo in the way of eating4 #fe4 ,,fal',,lere3 fal'lo1 fal'sum1 to deceive2 ,french ,faillir1 to fall short or do amiss4 ,,fall3 fal'lacy2 falla'cious2 fal'lible2 fallibil'ity2 infal'lible4 ,,fals3 false 7-hood1 -ify72 falset'to 7,ital4 n4 a false or artificial voice74 ,,fail3 fail'ure2 fault 7,old ,fr4 n4 faulte72 fault'y2 fal'ter2 default' 7-er74 #ff4 ,,fa',,num1 a temple4 ,,fan3 fane2 fanat'ic 7,lat4 adj4 fanat'icus1 literally1 one inspired by divinity--the god of the fane71 a wild enthusiast2 fanat'ical2 fanat'icism2 profane'1 v4 7literally1 to be before or outside of the temple71 to desecrate2 profane'1 adj41 unholy2 profana'tion2 profan'ity4 #fg4 ,,fa',,ri1 fa'tus1 to speak4 ,,fat3 fate1 -al1 -ality1 -alism1 -alist2 pref'atory4 ,affable 7,lat4 adj4 affab'ilis1 easy to be spoken to72 affabil'ity2 inef'fable2 in'fant 7,lat4 participle1 in'fans1 infan'tis1 literally1 not speaking7 7-ile1 -ine72 in'fancy2 nefa'rious 7,lat4 adj4 nefa'rius1 impious72 pref'ace 7,fr4 n4 prface71 something spoken or written by way of introduction4 #fh4 ,,fate',,ri3 fa'teor1 fas'sus 7in comp4 fes'sus71 to acknowledge1 to show4 ,,fess3 confess' 7-ion1 -ional1 -or72 profess' 7-ion1 -ional1 -or74 #fi4 ,,felix1 feli'cis1 happy4 ,,felic3 -ity1 -itous2 infeli'city2 feli'citate1 to make happy by congratulation4 #gj4 ,,fen',,dere3 fen'do1 fen'sum1 to keep off1 to strike4#f ,,fend3 fend 7-er72 defend' 7-er1 -ant72 offend' 7-er74 ,,fens3 defense' 7-ible1 -ive72 offense' 7-ive72 fence 7n4 and v41 abbreviated from defence72#g fencer2 fencing4 #ga4 ,,fer',,re3 fe'ro1 la'tum1 to bear1 to carry4 ,,fer3 fer'tile 7,lat4 adj4 fer'tilis1 bearing1 fruitful72 fertil'ity2 fer'tilize2 circum'ference1 literally1 a measure carried around anything2 confer'1 to consult2 con'ference2 defer'2 def'erence2 deferen'tial2 dif'fer 7-ence1 -ent72 infer' 7-ence72 of'fer2 prefer' 7-able1 -ence1 -ment72 prof'fer2 refer' 7-ee1 -ence72 suf'fer 7-ance1 -able1 -er72 transfer' 7-able1 -ence72 conif'erous 7,lat4 n4 co'nus1 a cone72 florif'erous 7,lat4 n4 flos1 flo'ris1 a flower72 fructif'erous 7,lat4 n4 fruc'tus1 fruit72 ,lu'cifer 7,lat4 n4 lux1 lucis1 light71 the morning or evening star1 ,satan2 pestif'erous 7,lat4 n4 pes'tis1 pest1 plague74 ,,lat3 ab'lative 7literally1 carrying away2 the sixth case of ,latin nouns72 collate' 7-ion72 dilate' 7-ory72 elate'2 ob'late1 flattened at the poles2 obla'tion1 an offering2 prel'ate2 prel'acy2 pro'late1 elongated at the poles2 relate' 7-ion1 -ive72 correla'tion2 correl'ative2 super'lative2 translate' 7-ion72 delay' 7 dis lat1 through old ,fr4 verb delayer1 to put off74 #gb4 ,,ferve',,re3 fer'veo1 to boil2 ,fermen'tum1 leaven4 ,,ferv3 -ent1 -ency1 -id1 -or2 effervesce'1 to bubble or froth up2 efferves'cence4 ,,ferment3 fer'ment1 -ation4 #gc4 ,,fes',,tus1 joyful1 merry4 ,,fest3 -al1 -ival1 -ive1 -ivity2 feast 7,old ,fr4 feste1 a joyous meal72 fte 7modern ,fr4 equivalent of feast71 a festival2 festoon 7,fr4 n4 feston1 originally an ornament for a festival74 #gd4 ,,fid',,ere3 fi'do1 to trust2 ,fi'des1 faith2 ,fide'lis1 trusty4 ,,fid3 confide' 7-ant1 -ence1 -ent1 -ential72 dif'fidence2 dif'fident2 per'fidy 7per through and hence away from good faith72 perfid'ious4 ,,fidel3 fidel'ity2 in'fidel2 infidel'ity4 ,fe'alty 7,old ,fr4 n4 falt ,lat4 fidel'itas71 loy'alty2 fidu'cial 7,lat4 n4 fidu'cia1 trust72 fidu'ciary2 affi'ance1 to pledge faith1 to betroth2 affida'vit 7,low ,lat41 signifying1 literally1 he made oath71 a declaration on oath2 defy' 7,fr4 v4 dfier1 originally1 to dissolve the bond of allegiance2 hence1 to disown1 to challenge1 to brave74 #ge4 ,,fi',,gere3 fi'go1 fix'um1 to join1 fix1 pierce4 ,,fix3 affix'2 cru'cifix 7,lat4 n4 crux1 cru'cis1 a cross72 cru'cify2 fix'ture2 post'fix2 pre'fix2 suf'fix 7n41 literally1 something fixed below or on2 hence1 appended72 transfix'1 to pierce through4 #gf4 ,,fin',,gere3 fin'go1 fic'tum1 to form1 to feign2 ,figu'ra1 a shape4 ,,fict3 fic'tion2 ficti'tious4 ,,figur3 fig'ure2 figura'tion2 configura'tion2 disfig'ure2 prefig'ure2 transfig'ure4 ,feign 7,fr4 v4 feindre1 feignant1 to pretend72 feint 7feint1 past part4 of feindre72 ef'figy 7,lat4 n4 effig'ies1 an image or likeness72 fig'ment 7,lat4 n4 figmen'tum1 an invention74 ,,finis4 7,see page #dj74 #gg4 ,,fir',,mus1 strong1 stable4 ,,firm3 firm2 firm'ness2 infirm' 7-ary1 -ity72 fir'mament1 originally1 firm foundation2 affirm' 7-ation1 -ative72 confirm' 7-ation1 -ative74 #gh4 ,,flam',,ma1 a stream of fire4 ,,flam3 flame2 inflame' 7-able1 -ation1 -atory74 ,flambeau' 7,fr4 n4 flambeau from v4 flamber1 to blaze72 flamin'go 7,span4 n4 flamenco71 a bird of a flaming red color4 ,,exercise4 ,age does not always exempt one from faults4 ,peremptory orders were given that all the princes should be present at the diet4 ,many beneficial results must come from the introduction of drawing into the public schools4 ,the lady is affable and perfectly free from affectation4 ,the field is fertile and produces abundant crops4 ,the professor's lecture related to edentate animals4 ,men sometimes feign a fealty they do not feel4 ,the lady professed that her felicity was ineffable4 ,the ,king seized a flambeau with zeal to destroy4 ,it is a nefarious act to make a false affidavit4 ,fanaticism is often infectious4 ,the confirmed offender had issued many counterfeits4 ,dickens gives us the quintessence of the facetious4 ,in figure the earth is an oblate spheroid4 #gi4 ,,flec',,tere3 flec'to1 flex'um1 to bend4 ,,flect3 deflect' 7-ion72 inflect' 7-ion72 reflect' 7-ion1 -ive1 -or74 ,,flex3 -ible1 -ile1 -ion1 -or 7a muscle that bends a joint71 -ure2 flex'-uous2 flex'uose2 cir'cumflex2 re'flex4 #hj4 ,,flos1 flo'ris1 a flower4 ,,flor3 -al1 -et1 -id1 -ist2 ,flo'ra1 the goddess of flowers2 flor'iculture 7,lat4 n4 cultu'ra1 cultivation72 florif'erous 7,lat4 v4 fer're1 to bear72 flor'in 7originally1 a ,florentine coin with a lily on it72 flour 7literally1 the flower or choicest part of wheat72 flow'er 7-et1 -y72 flour'ish 7,lat4 v4 flores'cere1 to begin to blossom1 to prosper72 efflores'cence2 efflores'cent4 ,,fluere4 7,see page #da47 #ha4 ,f',,dus1 fd'eris1 a league or treaty4 ,,feder3 fed'eral2 fed'eralist 7in the ,united ,states a member of the party that favored a strong league of the ,states72 fed'erate2 confed'erate2 confed'eracy2 confedera'tion4 #hb4 ,,fo',,lium1 a leaf4 ,,foli3 -aceous1 -age1 -ate2 fo'lio 7ablative case of fo'lium1 a leaf71 a book made of sheets folded once2 exfo'liate1 to come off in scales2 foil1 a thin leaf of metal2 tre'foil1 a plant with three 7tres7 leaves2 cinque'foil 7,fr4 cinque1 five74 #hc4 ,,for',,ma1 shape1 form4 ,,form3 form 7-al1 -ality72 conform' 7-able1 -ation1 -ity72 deform' 7-ity72 inform' 7-ant1 -er1 -ation72 perform' 7-ance1 -er72 reform' 7-ation1 -atory1 -er72 transform' 7-ation72 for'mula 7,lat4 n4 for'mula1 pl4 for'mul1 a little form1 a model72 for'mulate2 mul'tiform 7,lat4 adj4 mul'tus1 many72 u'niform 7,lat4 adj4 u'nus1 one74 #hd4 ,,for',,tis1 strong4 ,,fort3 fort2 for'tress1 a fortified place2 for'tify2 fortifica'tion2 for'titude2 com'fort1 n41 something that strengthens or cheers 7-able1 -er1 -less72 discom'fort2 effort1 a putting forth of one's strength2 force 7,fr4 n4 force1 strength72 for'cible2 enforce' 7-ment72 reinforce' 7-ment74 #he4 ,,fran',,gere3 fran'go1 frac'tum1 to break2 ,fra'gilis1 easily broken4 ,,frang1 ,,fring3 fran'gible 7-ibility72 infran'gible2 infringe' 7-ment72 refran'gible4 ,,fract3 frac'tion2 frac'tious2 fract'ure2 infract' 7-ion72 refract' 7-ion1 -ory74 ,fra'gile2 frag'ment2 frail 7old ,fr4 ad2 fraile ,lat4 fra'gilis72 frail'ty4 #hf4 ,,fra',,ter1 fra'tris1 a brother2 ,frater'nus1 brotherly4 ,,fratr3 frat'ricide 7,lat4 v4 cd'ere1 to kill74 ,,fratern3 -al1 -ity1 -ize2 confrater'nity4 ,fri'ar 7,fr4 n4 frre1 a brother72 fri'ary4 #hg4 ,,frons1 fron'tis1 the forehead4 ,,front3 front 7-age1 -al1 -less1 -let72 affront'2 confront'2 effront'ery2 fron'tier 7,fr4 n4 frontire72 front'ispiece 7,lat4 n4 frontispi'cium1 from frons and spic'ere1 to view2 literally1 that which is seen in front74 #hh ,,fru',,or3 fruc'tus1 to enjoy2 ,fru'ges1 corn2 ,french ,fruit1 fruit4 ,,fruct3 -ify1 -ification2 fructif'erous 7,lat4 v4 fer're1 to bear74 ,,frug3 -al1 -ality2 frugif'erous 7,lat4 v4 fer're1 to bear74 ,,fruit3 fruit2 fruit'erer2 fruit'ful2 frui'tion4 #hi4 ,,fu',,gere3 fu'gio1 fu'gitum1 to flee4 ,,fug3 fuga'cious2 centrif'ugal 7,lat4 n4 cen'trum1 the center72 feb'rifuge 7,lat4 n4 fe'bris1 fever72 fugue 7,lat4 n4 fu'ga1 a flight71 a musical composition2 ref'uge 7-ee72 sub'terfuge2 ver'mifuge 7,lat4 n4 ver'mis1 a worm74 ,,fugit3 fu'gitive 7adj4 and n474 #ij4 ,,fu',,mus1 smoke4 ,,fum3 fume2 fu'mid2 fumif'erous 7,lat4 v4 fer're1 to bear71 producing smoke2 fu'matory1 a plant with bitter leaves2 per'fume 7-er1 -ery74 ,fu'migate 7,lat4 v4 fumiga're1 fumiga'tum1 to smoke71 to disinfect2 fumiga'tion2 fu'migatory4 #ia4 ,,fun',,dere3 fun'do1 fu'sum1 to pour4 ,,fund3 refund'2 found 7,fr4 v4 fondre ,lat4 fun'dere71 to form by pouring into a mould 7-er1 -ery72 confound' 7,fr4 v4 confondre1 literally1 to pour together2 hence1 to confuse74 ,,fus3 fuse 7-ible1 -ion72 confuse' 7-ion72 diffuse' 7-ion1 -ive72 effuse' 7-ion1 -ive72 infuse' 7-ion72 profuse' 7-ion72 refuse' 7-al72 suffuse' 7-ion72 transfuse' 7-ion74 #ib4 ,,ger',,ere3 ge'ro1 ges'tum1 to bear or carry4 ,,ger3 ger'und1 a ,latin verbal noun2 bellig'erent 7,lat4 n4 bel'lum1 war72 con'geries 7,lat4 n4 conge'ries1 a collection72 vicege'rent 7,lat4 vi'ce1 in place of71 one bearing rule in place of another4 ,,gest3 gest'ure2 gestic'ulate 7,lat4 n4 gestic'ulus1 a mimic gesture72 gesticula'tion2 congest' 7-ion1 -ive72 digest'1 literally1 to carry apart3 hence1 to dissolve food in the stomach 7-ible1 -ion1 -ive72 suggest'1 literally1 to bear into the mind from below1 that is1 indirectly 7-ion1 -ive72 reg'ister 7,lat4 v4 reger'ere1 to carry back1 to record72 reg'istrar2 registra'tion2 reg'istry4 #ic4 ,,gig',,nere3 gig'no1 gen'itum1 to beget2 ,gens1 gen'tis1 a clan or nation1 ,ge'nus1 gen'eris1 a kind4 ,,genit3 gen'itive1 a case of ,latin nouns2 congen'ital1 born with one2 primogen'itor 7,lat4 adj4 pri'mus1 first71 an ancestor2 primogen'iture1 state of being first born2 progen'itor1 an ancestor4 ,,gent3 genteel' 7,lat4 adj4 genti'lis1 pertaining to the same clan2 hence1 of good family or birth72 gentil'ity2 gen'tle 7genti'lis1 of good birth71 mild1 refined2 gen'try 7contracted from gentlery71 a class in ,english society2 gen'tile1 belonging to a nation other than the ,jewish4 ,,gener3 gen'eral 7-ity1 -ize72 gen'erate 7,lat4 genera're1 genera'tum1 to produce72 genera'tion2 regenera'tion2 gener'ic2 gen'erous2 generos'ity2 con'gener1 of the same kind2 degen'erate1 to fall off from the original kind2 degen'eracy4 ,gen'der 7,fr4 n4 genre ,lat4 ge'nus1 gen'eris71 the kind of a noun as regards the sex of the object2 gen'ial 7,lat4 adj4 genia'lis1 cheerful72 gen'ius 7,lat4 n4 ge'nius1 originally1 the divine nature innate in everything72 gen'uine 7,lat4 adj4 genui'nus1 literally1 proceeding from the original stock2 hence1 natural1 true72 ge'nus1 a kind including many species2 engen'der 7,fr4 v4 engendrer1 to beget72 ingen'ious 7,lat4 adj4 ingenio'sus1 acute1 clever72 ingen'uous 7,lat4 adj4 ingen'uus1 frank1 sincere74 #id4 ,,gra',,di3 gra'dior1 gres'sus1 to walk4 ,,grad3 grada'tion2 gra'dient 7gra'diens1 gradien'tis1 pres4 part4 of v4 gradi71 rate of ascent1 grade2 grad'ual 7,lat4 n4 gradus1 a step72 grad'uate2 degrade' 7-ation72 ingre'dient 7,lat4 part4 ingre'diens1 entering72 ret'rograde4 ,,gress3 aggres'sion2 aggres'sive2 con'gress 7-ional72 digress' 7-ion72 e'gress2 in'gress2 prog'ress 7-ion1 -ive72 retrogres'sion2 transgress' 7-ion1 -or74 ,grade 7,fr4 n4 grade ,lat4 gra'dus1 degree or rank72 degree' 7,fr4 n4 degr de gradus74 #ie4 ,,gra',,tus1 thankful1 pleasing4 ,,grat3 grate'ful2 gra'tis 7,lat4 gra'tiis1 by favor1 for nothing7 grat'itude2 gratu'ity2 gratu'itous2 grat'ify 7-ication72 congrat'ulate 7-ion1 -ory72 ingra'tiate4 ,grace 7,fr4 grce ,lat4 gra'tia1 favor1 grace72 grace'ful2 gra'cious2 grace'less2 disgrace'2 agree' 7,fr4 v4 agrer1 to receive kindly71 -able1 -ment2 disagree'4 #if4 ,,gra',,vis1 heavy4 ,,grav3 grave1 literally1 heavy3 hence1 serious2 grav'ity2 gravita'tion2 ag'gravate 7-ion74 ,grief 7,fr4 grief ,lat4 gra'vis71 literally1 heaviness of spirit1 sorrow2 grieve2 griev'ance2 griev'ous4 ,,grex4 7,see page #da47 #ig4 ,,habe',,re3 ha'beo1 hab'itum1 to have or hold2 ,,habita',,re1 hab'ito1 habita'tum1 to use frequently1 to dwell4 ,,habit3 habit'ual2 habit'uate2 hab'itude2 hab'itable2 hab'itat1 the natural abode of an animal or a plant2 habita'tion2 cohab'it2 inhab'it 7-able1 -ant74 ,,hibit3 exhib'it1 literally1 to hold out1 to show 7-ion1 -or72 inhib'it 7-ion72 prohib'it 7-ion1 -ory74 ,hab'it 7,lat4 hab'itus1 state or dress72 habil'iment 7,fr4 n4 habillement1 from v4 habiller1 to dress72 a'ble 7,lat4 adj4 hab'ilis1 literally1 that may be easily held or managed2 hence1 apt1 skillful47 #ih4 ,h,,re',,re3 h'reo1 h'sum1 to stick4 ,,her3 adhere' 7-ency1 -ent72 cohere' 7-ence1 -ency1 -ent72 inhere 7-ent74 ,,hes3 adhe'sion2 adhe'sive2 cohe'sion2 cohe'sive4 ,hes'itate 7,lat4 v4 hsita're1 hsita'ium1 to be at a stand1 to doubt72 hes'itancy2 hesita'tion4 #ii4 ,h,,res1 hre'dis1 an heir or heiress2 ,french ,hriter1 to be heir to4 ,,hered3 hered'itary1 descending to heirs4 ,,herit3 her'itable2 her'itage2 inher'it 7-ance72 disinher'it4 ,heir 7,old ,fr4 heir ,lat4 h'res72 heir'ess2 heir'loom 7,anglo-,saxon geloma1 goods74 #ajj4 ,,ho',,mo1 hom'inis1 a man2 ,huma'nus1 human4 ,,hom3 hom'age 7,fr4 hommage1 literally1 acknowledgment by a man or vassal to his feudal lord72 homicide 7,lat4 v4 cd'ere1 to kill7 ,,human3 hu'man1 belonging to a man2 humane'1 having the feelings proper to a man1 kind2 human'ity2 hu'manize2 inhu'man4 ,,exercise4 ,floral devices were tastefully introduced4 ,the friar gives himself to reflection1 and does not care a florin for worldly pleasures4 ,the tree is covered with foliage1 but bears no fruit4 ,the rights of the fraternity have been infringed4 ,the metal was fused in iron pans4 ,by the law of primogeniture the eldest son will succeed to the estate4 ,congress met1 and a general of the army was chosen president4 ,the gradient is gentle1 and the access easy4 ,the reform of the refractory was in the highest degree genuine4 ,we received our frugal meal with gratitude4 ,many of the inhabitants perished in the flames4 ,hamilton and ,jay were leading federalists4 ,to err is human2 to forgive1 divine4 ,the boy gesticulated violently1 but it was a mere subterfuge4 ,your words infuse comfort into my heart4 ,may one not be human without being humane8 ,do you know the difference between the genitive and the ablative case8 #aja4 ,,hu',,mus1 the earth2 ,hu'milis1 on the ground1 lowly4 ,,hum3 exhume' 7-ation72 inhume4 ,,humil3 humil'ity2 humil'iate 7-ion72 hum'ble 7,fr4 adj4 humble ,lat4 hu'milis74 ,,ire4 7,see page #da47 #ajb4 ,,ja',,cere3 ja'cio1 jac'tum1 to throw or cast4 ,,ject3 ab'ject2 ad'jective2 conject'ure 7-al72 deject'ed2 dejec'tion2 eject' 7-ion1 -ment72 inject' 7-ion72 interject' 7-ion72 object' 7-ion1 -ionable1 -ive1 -or72 project' 7-ile1 -ion1 -or72 reject' 7-ion72 subject' 7-ion1 -ive72 traject'ory4 ,ejac'ulate 7,lat4 v4 ejacula're1 ejacula'tum1 to hurl or throw72 ejacula'tion2 ejac'ulatory2 jet 7,fr4 v4 jter ja'cere72 jet'ty2 jut4 #ajc4 ,,jun',,gere3 jun'go1 junc'tum1 to join2 ,ju'gum1 a yoke4 ,,junct3 junc'tion2 junct'ure1 a point of time made critical by a joining of circumstances2 ad'junct2 conjunc'tion2 conjunc'tive2 disjunc'tion2 disjunc'tive2 injunc'tion2 subjunc'tive 7literally1 joined subordinately to something else74 ,,jug3 con'jugal1 relating to marriage2 conjugate 7-ion72 sub'jugate 7-ion74 ,join 7,fr4 v4 joindre ,lat4 jun'gere72 adjoin'2 conjoin'2 disjoin'2 enjoin'2 rejoin'2 subjoin'2 joint 7,fr4 part1 joint ,lat4 junc'tum72 joint'ure1 property settled on a wife1 to be enjoyed after her husband's death2 jun'ta 7,spanish junta ,lat4 junc'tus1 joined71 a grand council of state in ,spain2 jun'to 7,span1 junt71 a body of men united for some secret intrigue4 #ajd4 ,,jura',,re3 ju'ro1 jura'tum1 to swear4 ,,jur3 ju'ry2 ju'ror2 abjure'2 adjure'2 conjure'2 con'jure1 to effect something as if by an oath of magic2 con'jurer2 per'jure1 to forswear2 per'jurer2 per'jury4 #aje4 ,,jus1 ju'ris1 right law2 ,jus'tus1 lawful2 ,ju'dex1 ju'dicis1 a judge4 ,,jur3 jurid'ical 7,lat4 v4 dica're1 to pronounce71 relating to the administration of justice2 jurisdic'tion1 legal authority2 jurispru'dence1 science of law2 ju'rist2 in'jure2 in'jury4 ,,just3 just2 jus'tice2 justi'ciary2 jus'tify2 justifica'tion4 ,,judic3 ju'dicature1 profession of a judge2 judi'cious1 according to sound judgment2 prej'udice1 n41 judgment formed beforehand2 prejudi'cial2 judge 7,fr4 n4 juge ,lat4 ju'dex72 judg'ment2 prejudge'4 #ajf4 ,,le',,gere3 le'go1 lec'tum1 to gather1 to read4 ,,leg3 le'gend 7originally1 stories of saints to be read--legen'da--in church72 leg'endary2 leg'ible2 le'gion 7originally1 a body of troops gathered or levied--le'gio72 el'egance2 el'egant2 sac'rilege 7originally1 the gathering or stealing of something sacred--sa'crum74 ,,lig3 dil'igent 7originally1 esteeming highly2 hence1 assiduous73 el'igible2 intel'ligible2 intel'ligence2 intel'ligent2 neg'ligent 7literally1 not--neg nec not--picking up74 ,,lect3 lect'ure 7-er72 collect' 7-ion1 -ive1 -or72 recollect' 7-ion72 eclec'tic 7,greek ec ex72 elect' 7-ion1 -or1 -oral72 in'tellect2 neglect'2 predilec'tion1 a liking for2 select' 7-ion72 les'son 7,fr4 n4 leon ,lat4 lec'tio1 a reading74 #ajg4 ,,leva',,re3 le'vo1 leva'tum1 to raise2 ,le'vis1 easily raised1 light2 ,french ,lever1 to rise or raise4 ,,lev3 lev'ity2 levita'tion2 alle'viate 7-ion72 el'evate 7-ion72 rel'evant1 literally1 raising up3 hence1 pertinent1 applicable2 rel'evancy2 irrel'evant4 ,,lever3 leav'en 7,fr4 levain1 yeast72 ,levant'1 literally1 the place of the rising sun--the countries near the eastern part of the ,mediterranean ,sea2 lev'ee2 le'ver 7-age72 lev'y4 ,,lex4 7,see page #dc47 #ajh4 ,,li',,ber1 free4 ,,liber3 -al1 -ality1 -alize1 -ate1 -ator1 -ty4 ,deliv'er 7,fr4 v4 dlivrer ,lat4 delibera're1 to set free72 deliv'erance2 deliv'ery4 ,,litera4 7,see page #dc47 #aji4 ,,lo',,cus3 a place4 ,,loc3 -al1 -ality1 -alize1 -ate2 locomo'tive 7,lat4 v4 move're1 to move72 al'locate2 col'locate 7-ion72 dis'locate 7-ion74 #aaj4 ,,lo',,qui3 lo'quor1 locu'tus1 to speak4 ,,loqu3 loqua'cious2 loqua'city2 col'loquy2 collo'quial2 el'oquent2 magnil'oquent 7,lat4 adj4 mag'nus1 big1 pompous72 ob'loquy2 solil'oquy 7,lat4 adj4 so'lus1 alone72 ventril'oquist 7,lat4 n4 ven'ter1 the stomach74 ,,locut3 circumlocu'tion2 elocu'tion2 interloc'utor4 #aaa4 ,,lu',,dere3 lu'do1 lu'sum1 to play or deceive4 ,,lud3 lu'dicrous 7,lat4 adj4 lu'dicrus1 sportive1 laughable72 allude'1 literally1 to play at1 to refer to indirectly2 delude'2 elude'2 prelude'4 ,,lus3 allu'sion2 collu'sion2 delu'sion2 delu'sive2 illu'sion2 prelu'sive2 prelu'sory4 #aab4 ,,lux1 lu'cis1 light2 ,lu'men1 lu'minis1 light4 ,,luc3 ,lu'cifer 7,lat4 v4 fer're1 to bear72 lu'cid2 elu'cidate2 translu'cent4 ,,lumin3 lu'minary2 lu'minous2 illu'minate2 illu'mine4 #aac4 ,,mag',,nus1 great2 ,ma'jor1 greater2 ,magis'ter1 master4 ,,magn3 magnanim'ity 7,lat4 n4 an'imus1 soul72 mag'nate1 a man of rank2 mag'nify 7-er72 magnif'icent 7,lat4 v4 fac'ere1 to make71 showing grandeur2 mag'nitude4 ,,maj3 maj'esty 7-ic72 ma'jor 7-ity72 may'or2 may'oralty4 ,,magister3 mag'istrate2 mag'istracy2 magiste'rial2 mas'ter 7,old ,fr4 maistre ,lat4 magis'ter72 mis'tress 7,old ,fr4 maistresse ,lat magis'tra1 fem4 of magis'ter74 #aad4 ,,ma',,nus1 the hand2 ,french ,main1 the hand4 ,,man3 man'acle 7,lat4 n4 man'ica1 a fetter72 manip'ulate1 to work with the hand 7-ion1 -or72 man'ual2 manufact'ure 7,lat4 v4 fac'ere1 to make72 manufac'tory2 manumit' 7,lat4 v4 mit'tere1 to send72 man'uscript 7,lat4 v4 scrib'ere1 scrip'tum1 to write72 amanuen'sis 7 ab ma'nus71 one who does handwriting for another2 eman'cipate 7,lat4 v4 cap'ere1 to take72 quadru'manous 7,lat4 quatuor1 four74 ,,main3 man'ner 7,fr4 n4 manire1 originally1 the mode in which a thing is handled72 maneu'ver 7,fr4 n4 manuvre1 literally1 hand work2 ,fr4 n4 uvre o'pus1 work72 manure'1 v4 7contracted from ,fr4 manuvrer1 to cultivate by manual labor74 #aae4 ,,ma',,re1 the sea4 ,marine' 7,lat4 adj4 mari'nus1 pertaining to the sea72 mar'iner2 mar'itime 7,lat4 adj4 mariti'mus mari'nus72 submarine'2 transmarine'2 ultramarine'2 mermaid 7,fr4 n4 mer ,lat4 ma're74 #aaf4 ,,me',,dius1 the middle4 ,medi'val 7,lat4 n4 'vum1 age71 relating to the ,middle ,ages2 me'diate 7-ion1 -or72 me'diocre 7,lat4 adj4 medio'cris1 middling2 hence inferior72 medioc'rity2 ,mediterra'nean 7,lat4 n4 ter'ra1 land72 me'dium 7,lat4 n4 me'dium1 the middle72 imme'diate 7prefix in not71 with nothing intervening2 interme'diate4 #aag4 ,,meninis',,se3 mem'ini1 to remember2 ,me'mor1 mindful2 ,,memora',,re mem'oro1 memora'tum1 to remember1 to mention4 ,,meminisse3 memen'to 7imper4 mood2 literally1 remember thou71 a reminder1 a memorial4 ,,memor3 mem'orable2 memoran'dum 7,lat4 memoran'dus1 p4 part4 of memora're2 literally1 something to be remembered72 commem'orate 7-ion1 -ive72 mem'ory 7,lat4 n4 memo'ria72 memo'rial 7-ize72 immemo'rial4 ,mem'oir 7,fr4 n4 mmoire ,lat4 memoran'dum72 men'tion 7,fr4 n4 mention ,lat4 men'tio1 a speaking of72 remem'ber 7,old ,fr4 v4 remembrer ,lat4 remem'orare72 remem'brance2 remem'brancer2 reminis'cence 7,fr4 n4 rminiscence1 from ,lat4 v4 reminis'ci1 to recall to mind74 #aah4 ,,mens1 men'tis1 the mind4 ,,ment3 men'tal2 dement'ed2 demen'tia1 insanity2 ve'hement 7,lat4 adj4 ve'hemens ve1 not1 and mens2 literally1 not reasonable71 furious1 ardent4 ,,exercise4 ,we reject insincere homage4 ,when the body was exhumed the jury decided that poison had been administered4 ,legendary stories were related by the friar4 ,the lessons were selected with intelligence4 ,levity and gravity are different qualities4 ,the mayor's speech was more ludicrous than facetious4 ,the magistrate claimed jurisdiction in the locality4 ,we heard ,hamlet's soliloquy finely delivered4 ,do you recollect the magnificent lines at the beginning of ,paradise ,lost8 ,the lecturer was lucid in his allusions4 ,in medival times homage was exacted of all vassals4 ,the mariners maneuvered beautifully4 ,your magnificent donation will be gratefully remembered4 ,the mermaid is a mere delusion4 ,illegible manuscript is a decided nuisance4 ,the eastern part of the ,mediterranean is called the ,levant4 ,franklin's memoirs are very interesting4 #aai4 ,,mer',,ces1 hire2 ,merx1 mer'cis1 merchandise4 ,,merc3 mer'cantile 7,lat4 part4 mer'cans1 mercan'tis72 mer'cenary 7,lat4 adj4 mercena'rius72 mer'cer 7,fr4 n4 mercier71 one who deals in silks and woolens2 mer'chant 7,lat4 part1 mer'cans72 mer'chandise2 com'merce 7,fr4 n4 commerce72 commer'cial2 mar'ket 7,lat4 n4 merca'tus1 a place of public traffic74 #abj4 ,,mer',,gere3 mer'go1 mer'sum1 to dip1 to sink4 ,,merg3 merge2 emerge'2 emer'gency1 that which arises suddenly2 submerge'4 ,,mers3 emer'sion2 immerse'4 #aba4 ,,migra',,re3 migro1 migra'tum1 to remove4 ,,migr3 em'igrant 7,lat4 part4 mi'grans1 migran'tis74 ,,migrat3 mi'grate 7-ion1 -ory72 em'igrate 7-ion72 im'migrate 7-ion72 transmigra'tion1 the passage of the soul into another body after death4 #abb4 ,,mi',,les1 mil'itis1 a soldier4 ,,milit3 -ary1 -ant2 mil'itate1 to act against2 mili'tia1 enrolled soldiers not in a standing army4 #abc4 ,,mine',,re3 min'eo1 min'itum1 to hang over4 ,,min4 em'inent 7,lat4 part1 em'inens1 standing out72 em'inence2 im'minent1 literally1 threatening to fall2 pre-em'inent2 pre-em'inence2 prom'inent2 prom'inence2 superem'inent4 #abd4 ,,minu',,ere3 min'uo1 minu'tum1 to lessen2 ,mi'nor1 less2 ,mi'nus1 less4 ,,minut3 minute'2 minu'ti 7pl4 of ,lat4 n4 minu'tia1 a very small object72 min'uend 7,lat4 part1 minuen'dus1 to be lessened72 min'uet 7,fr4 n4 minuet ,lat4 adj4 minu'tus1 small71 a dance of small steps2 dimin'ish 7,lat4 v4 diminu'ere1 to lessen72 diminu'tion2 dimin'utive4 ,,minor3 mi'nor1 n4 and a42 minor'ity4 ,,minus3 mi'nus 7,lat4 adj4 comp4 deg41 less72 min'imum 7,lat4 adj4 super1 deg41 least72 min'im4 #abe4 ,,minis',,ter1 a servant or attendant4 ,,minister3 min'ister2 ministe'rial2 min'istry2 admin'ister2 administra'tion2 admin'istrative2 administra'tor4 #abf4 ,,mira',,ri3 mi'ror1 mira'tus1 to wonder4 ,,mir3 admire' 7-able1 -ation72 mir'acle 7,lat4 n4 mirac'ulum1 a wonderful thing72 mirac'ulous4 ,mirage' 7,fr4 n4 mirage1 a reflection72 mir'ror 7,fr4 n4 miroir1 from v4 mirer1 to view74 #abg4 ,,misce',,re3 mis'ceo1 mix'tum1 to mingle4 ,,misc3 mis'cellany2 miscella'neous2 promis'cuous4 ,,mixt3 mix2 mixt'ure2 admixt'ure2 intermix'4 #abh4 ,,mi',,ser1 wretched4 ,,miser3 mi'ser 7-able72 mis'ery2 commis'erate 7-ion74 #abi4 ,,mit',,tere3 mit'to1 mis'sum1 to send or cast4 ,,mit3 admit' 7-ance72 commit' 7-ee1 -ment72 demit'2 emit'2 intermit' 7-ent72 manumit' 7,lat4 n4 manus1 the hand71 to release from slavery2 omit'2 permit'2 pretermit'2 remit' 7-ance72 submit'2 transmit'2 mit'timus 7,lat4 we send71 a warrant of commitment to prison4 ,,miss3 mis'sile2 mis'sion 7-ary72 admis'sible2 admis'sion2 com'missary1 an officer who furnishes provisions for an army2 commissa'riat2 commis'sion 7-er72 com'promise2 demise'1 death2 em'issary2 intermis'sion2 omis'sion2 permis'sion2 premise'2 prem'ises2 prom'ise 7-ory72 remiss' 7-ion72 submis'sion2 submis'sive2 transmis'sion2 transmis'sible4 #acj4 ,,modera',,ri3 mod'eror1 modera'tus1 to keep within bounds2 ,mo'dus1 a measure or manner4 ,,moderat3 mod'erate 7-ion1 -or72 immod'erate4 ,,mod3 mode2 mood2 mod'ify 7-able1 -er72 modifica'tion2 accom'modate 7-ion72 commode' 7,lat4 adj4 com'modus1 convenient74 a small sideboard2 commo'dious1 literally1 measured with2 commod'ity1 literally1 a convenience2 incommode'2 mod'ern 7,lat4 adv4 mo'do1 lately1 just now72 mod'ernize2 mod'ulate 7,lat4 n4 mod'ulus1 a measuring of tones72 modula'tion4 #aca4 ,,mone',,re3 mo'neo1 mon'itum1 to remind1 to warn4 ,,mon3 admon'ish2 mon'ument 7,lat4 n4 monumen'tum72 premon'ish2 sum'mon 7,lat4 v4 summone're sub mone're1 to remind privily71 to call by authority4 ,,monit3 mon'itor 7-ial72 admoni'tion2 admon'itory2 premoni'tion2 premon'itory4 #acb4 ,,mons1 mon'tis1 a mountain4 ,,mount3 mount1 n4 a high hill2 v4 to rise or ascend2 moun'tain 7-eer1 -ous72 mount'ebank 7,it4 n4 banco1 a bench72 amount'2 dismount'2 par'amount 7,fr4 par ,lat4 per1 exceedingly71 of the highest importance2 prom'ontory 7literally1 the fore-part or projecting part of a mountain72 remount'2 surmount' 7-able72 tan'tamount 7,lat4 adj4 tan'tus1 so much72 ultramon'tane 7literally1 beyond the ,alps2 i4 e4 on the ,italian side74 #acc4 ,,monstra',,re3 mon'stro1 monstra'tum1 to point out1 to show4 ,,monstr3 mon'ster2 mon'strous2 monstros'ity2 mus'ter1 literally1 to show up1 to display4 ,,monstrat3 dem'onstrate 7-able1 -ion1 -ive72 remon'strate2 remon'strance4 #acd4 ,,morde',,re3 mor'deo1 mor'sum1 to bite4 ,,mord3 mor'dant1 biting1 serving to fix colors2 morda'cious 7,lat4 adj4 mor'dax1 morda'cis1 biting71 severe1 sarcastic4 ,,mors3 mor'sel1 literally1 a little bite2 remorse'1 the biting of conscience 7-ful1 -less74 ,,mors4 7,see page #dd47 #ace4 ,,mos1 mo'ris1 manner1 custom2 pl4 ,mo'res1 manners or morals4 ,,mor3 mor'al 7ist1 -ity1 -ize72 immor'al 7-ity72 demor'alize 7-ation74 #acf4 ,,move',,re3 mo'veo1 mo'tum1 to move4 ,,mov3 move 7-able1 -er1 -ment72 remove' 7-able1 -al74 ,,mot3 7-ive1 -or72 commo'tion2 emo'tion 7-al72 locomo'tion 7,lat4 n4 lo'cus2 a place72 promote' 7-er1 -ion72 remote' 7-ness74 ,mob 7,lat4 adj4 mob'ilis1 easily moved72 mo'bile 7-ity72 momen'tum1 the force of a moving body1 impetus4 #acg4 ,,mul',,tus1 multi1 many1 much4 ,,multi3 mul'titude2 multitu'dinous2 multifa'rious2 mul'tiform2 mul'tiple 7,lat4 adj4 mul'tiplus for mul'tiplex1 manifold72 mul'tiply 7,lat4 adj4 mul'tiplex72 mul'tiplicate 7-ion72 multiplic'ity4 #ach4 ,,mu',,nus1 mu'neris1 a gift1 a service4 ,,mun4 munic'ipal 7,lat4 n4 municip'ium1 a free town71 pertaining to a corporation2 municipal'ity2 munif'icent2 munif'icence2 com'mon 7,lat4 adj4 commu'nis con munus2 literally1 ready to be of service72 commune'1 v4 literally1 to share 7discourse7 in common2 commun'ion1 commu'nity2 com'munism2 com'munist2 commun'icate 7-ion1 -ive72 commu'nicant2 excommu'nicate2 immu'nity 7in munus2 literally1 absence of service74 ,,muner3 remunerate 7-ion1 -ive74 #aci4 ,,muta',,re3 mu'to1 muta'tum1 to change4 ,,mut3 mu'table 7-ity72 immu'table2 commute'2 transmute' 7-able74 ,,mutat3 muta'tion2 commutation2 transmuta'tion4 #adj4 ,,nas',,ci3 nas'cor1 na'tus1 to be born1 to grow2 ,natu'ra1 nature4 ,,nasc3 nas'cent1 growing2 renaissance' 7a style of decorative art revived by ,raphael74 ,,nat3 na'tal2 na'tion1 originally1 a distinct race or stock 7-al1 -ality1 -ize72 interna'tional2 na'tive 7-ity72 cog'nate2 in'nate4 ,,natur3 nat'ural 7-ist1 -ize1 -ization72 preternat'ural2 supernat'ural4 #ada4 ,,na',,vis1 a ship4 ,,nav3 nave1 the middle or body of a church2 na'val2 na'vy2 nau'tical 7,lat4 adj4 nau'ticus1 from nauta or nav'ita1 a sailor72 nav'igate 7,lat4 v4 naviga're na'vis ag'ere72 nav'igable2 naviga'tion2 nav'igator2 circumnavigate4 #adb4 ,,nec',,tere3 nec'to1 nex'um1 to tie or bind4 ,,nect3 connect' 7-ion1 -ive72 disconnect' 7-ion74 ,,nex3 annex'2 annexation4 ,,exercise4 ,the administration of affairs is in the hands of her majesty's ministers4 ,a miscellaneous collection of goods was sold on commission4 ,the merchant remitted the money called for in the emergency4 ,the suggestion to modify the plan was tantamount to its rejection4 ,do you admire ,bunker ,hill ,monument8 ,a miser is an object of commiseration to all who know him4 ,remuneration will be allowed according to the amount of labor4 ,the major has been promoted to the rank of colonel4 ,all who were connected with the movement were excommunicated4 ,as the annexed territory is chiefly maritime it will greatly increase the commerce of the nation4 ,the monitor admonished the pupils with great gentleness4 ,the committee said the master had done his work in an admirable manner4 ,the ,pilgrim ,fathers emigrated to this country in #afbj4 ,a minute missile moved towards us4 ,what is the subjunctive mood or mode8 ,a multitude of communists appeared in ,paris4 #adc4 ,,nega',,re3 ne'go1 nega'tum1 to deny4 ,,negat3 nega'tion2 neg'ative2 ab'negate 7-ion72 ren'egade1 an apostate4 ,deny' 7,fr4 v4 dnier ,lat4 de nega're1 to contradict72 deni'al2 undeni'able4 #add4 ,,neu',,ter1 neu'trum1 neither of the two4 ,,neutr3 neu'ter2 neu'tral 7-ity1 -ize74 #ade4 ,,noce',,re3 no'ceo1 no'citum1 to hurt4 ,,noc3 no'cent1 hurtful2 in'nocent2 in'nocence2 innoc'uous4 ,nox'ious 7,lat4 adj4 nox'ius1 hurtful72 obnox'ious2 nui'sance 7,fr4 v4 nuire ,lat4 noce're74 #adf4 ,,no',,men1 nom'inis1 a name4 ,,nomen3 nomenclat'ure1 a list of technical names2 cogno'men1 a surname4 ,,nomin3 nom'inal2 nom'inate 7-ion1 -ive72 nominee'2 denom'inate 7-ion1 -or72 ig'nominy 7,lat4 i7n7 gnomen1 old form of nomen1 a deprivation of one's good name72 ignomin'ious4 ,noun 7,fr4 n4 nom ,lat4 no'men72 pro'noun2 misno'mer 7,old ,fr4 mes wrong1 and nommer1 to name71 a wrong name4 ,,norma4 7,see page #de47 #adg4 ,,nos',,cere3 nos'co1 no'tum1 to know2 ,no'ta1 a mark4 ,,not3 note 7-able1 -ary1 -ice1 -ify1 -ion72 no'ticeable2 notifica'tion2 noto'rious 7,lat4 adj4 noto'rius1 making known71 known in a bad sense2 notori'ety2 an'notate 7-ion72 denote'4 ,no'ble 7,lat4 adj4 no'bilis1 deserving to be known72 noblesse' 7,fr4 n4 noblesse ,lat4 nobil'itas72 nobil'ity2 enno'ble2 igno'ble 7,lat4 prefix i7n7 gnobilis1 old form of nobilis72 cog'nizance 7,old ,fr4 cognizance ,lat4 cognoscen'tia1 notice or knowledge71 judicial observation2 connoisseur' 7,fr4 n4 connoisseur1 a critical judge72 incog'nito 7,italian incognito1 from ,lat4 part4 incog'nitus1 unknown71 unknown1 in disguise2 rec'ognize 7,lat4 re1 again1 and cognos'cere1 to know72 recog'nizance1 a term in law2 recogni'tion2 reconnoi'ter 7,fr4 v4 reconnoitre71 to survey1 to examine4 #adh4 ,,no',,vus1 new4 ,,nov3 in'novate 7-ion1 -or72 ren'ovate 7-ion1 -or74 ,nov'el 7,lat4 adj4 novel'lus1 diminutive of no'vus72 adj4 something new1 out of the usual course2 n41 literally1 a story new and out of the usual course2 nov'elist2 nov'elty2 nov'ice1 a beginner2 novi'tiate1 time of being a novice4 #adi4 ,,nu',,merus1 a number4 ,,numer3 7-al1 -ate1 -ation1 -ator1 -ic1 -ical1 -ous72 enu'merate 7,lat4 v4 enumera're1 enumera'tum1 to count or tell of71 to reckon up singly2 enumera'tion2 innu'merable 7 in nu'mer able1 that may not be counted72 supernu'merary1 one above the necessary number2 num'ber 7,old ,fr4 n4 numbre ,lat4 nu'merus74 #aej4 ,,nuncia',,re3 nuncio1 nuncia'tum1 to announce2 ,nun'cius1 a messenger4 ,,nunciat3 enun'ciate1 to utter 7-ion72 denuncia'tion2 pronuncia'tion2 renuncia'tion1 disavowal1 relinquishment4 ,nun'cio 7,sp4 n4 nuncio ,lat4 nun'cius71 a messenger from the ,pope2 announce' 7,fr4 v4 annoncer ,lat4 ad nuncia're71 to proclaim2 announce'ment2 denounce' 7,fr4 v4 dnoncer ,lat4 de nuncia're71 to accuse publicly2 pronounce' 7,fr4 v4 prononcer ,lat4 pro nuncia're72 pronounce'able2 renounce' 7,fr4 v4 renoncer ,lat4 re nuncia're71 to disclaim2 renounce'ment4 #aea4 ,,nutri',,re3 nu'trio1 nutri'tum1 to nourish4 ,,nutri3 nu'triment1 that which nourishes2 nutri'tion2 nutri'tious2 nu'tritive4 ,nour'ish 7,fr4 v4 nourrir ,lat4 nutri'ere72 nurse 7,fr4 v4 nourrice2 a nurse72 nur'sery2 nurs'ling1 a little one who is nursed2 nurt'ure4 #aeb4 ,o',,pus1 op'eris1 a work or deed2 ,,opera',,ri1 opera'tus1 to work4 ,,oper3 operose1 requiring labor1 tedious4 ,,operat3 operate 7-ion1 -ive1 -or72 co-operate 7-ion1 -ive1 -or74 ,op'era 7,it4 op'era opera1 pains1 pl4 of o'pus71 a musical drama2 operat'ic4 ,,ordo4 7,see page #de47 #aec4 ,,pan',,dere3 pan'do1 pan'sum1 and pas'sum1 to spread2 ,pas'sus1 a step4 ,,pand3 expand'1 to spread out4 ,,pans3 expanse' 7-ion1 -ive74 ,,pass3 pass2 pass'able1 that may be passed1 tolerable2 pas'sage2 com'pass1 v4 to stretch round2 encom'pass2 surpass'2 tres'pass 7tres trans71 to pass beyond due bounds4 ,pace 7,fr4 n4 pas ,lat4 pas'sus72 pas'senger 7,old ,eng4 passager72 pass'over1 a ,jewish festival2#h pass'port 7 pass port1 literally1 a permission to leave a port or to sail into it47 #aed4 ,,par1 equal4 ,,par3 par'ity2 dispar'ity2 dispar'age1 to injure by comparison of unequals2 dispar'agement4 ,pair 7,fr4 adj4 paire ,lat4 par71 two of a kind2 peer 7,old ,fr4 peer or pair ,lat4 par71 an equal1 a nobleman2 peer'age2 peer'less2 compeer'2 non'pareil 7,fr4 non1 not1 and pareil1 equal71 a peerless thing or person4 #aee4 ,,para',,re4 pa'ro1 para'tum1 to make ready1 to prepare2 ,,separa',,re3 sep'aro1 separa'tum1 to separate4 ,,parat3 compar'ative2 prepara'tion2 prepar'atory2 repara'tion4 ,,separ3 sep'arate1 literally1 to prepare aside3 hence1 to disjoin2 separa'tion2 sep'arable2 insep'arable4 ,parade' 7,fr4 n4 parade1 literally1 a parrying71 military display2 pare 7,fr4 v4 parer1 to pare or ward off72 par'ry 7,fr4 v4 parer1 to ward off72 appara'tus 7,lat4 appara'tus ad paratus1 literally1 something prepared for a purpose72 appar'el 7,fr4 n4 appareil1 preparation72 compare' 7,fr4 v4 comparer ,lat4 compara're71 to set things together to see how far they resemble each other2 prepare' 7,fr4 v4 preparer ,lat4 prepara're72 repair' 7,fr4 v4 rparer ,lat4 repara're71 literally1 to prepare again1 hence1 to restore after injury2 irrep'arable2 sev'er 7,old ,fr4 v4 sevrer ,lat4 separa're71 to render asunder2 sev'eral 7,old ,fr4 adj4 several ,lat4 separa'lis1 separate72 sev'erance2 dissev'er4 ,,pars4 7,see page #df47 #aef4 ,,pat',,er1 pa'tris1 a father2 ,pa'tria1 one's native country4 ,pater'nal 7,lat4 adj4 pater'nus1 pertaining to a father72 pater'nity 7,lat4 n4 pater'nitas1 ,fr4 paternit71 fathership2 patri'cian 7,lat4 adj4 patri'cius1 from pa'tres1 fathers or senators71 a ,roman nobleman2 pat'rimony 7,lat4 n4 patrimo'nium71 an estate inherited from one's ancestors2 pa'tron 7,lat4 n4 patro'nus1 a protector71 one who countenances or supports2 pat'ronage2 pat'ronize2 pat'tern 7,fr4 n4 pattern1 something to be copied71 a model2 expatriate1 to banish2 expatria'tion4 #aeg4 ,,pa',,ti3 pa'tior1 pas'sus1 to bear1 to suffer4 ,,pati3 pa'tient2 pa'tience2 impa'tient2 compat'ible1 consistent with2 compat'ibility2 incompat'ible4 ,,pass3 pas'sion1 strong agitation of the mind2 pas'sive2 impas'sive1 insensible2 compas'sion1 sympathy2 compas'sionate4 #aeh4 ,,pel',,lere2 pel'lo1 pul'sum1 to drive4 ,,pel 7com-1 dis-1 ex-1 im-1 pro-1 re-74 ,,puls3 pulse1 the beating of an artery as blood is driven through it2 pul'sate2 pulsa'tion2 compul'sion2 compul'sory2 expul'sion2 propul'sion2 repulse'2 repul'sive4 #aei4 ,,pende',,re2 pen'deo1 pen'sum1 to hang4 ,,pend3 pen'dant1 a long1 narrow flag2 pend'ing1 not decided1 during2 append'2 append'age2 depend' 7-ant1 -ent1 -ence72 independ'ent2 independ'ence2 suspend'4 ,,pens3 pen'sile1 hanging2 suspense'7-ion74 ,pen'dulous 7,lat4 adj4 pen'dulus1 hanging72 pen'dulum 7,lat4 adj4 pen'dulus72 appen'dix 7,lat4 n4 appen'dix1 an addition74 #afj4 ,,pen',,dere3 pen'do1 pen'sum1 to weigh1 to pay4 ,,pend3 com'pend 7contraction of compendium72 compen'dium 7,lat4 n4 compen'dium1 that which is weighed1 saved1 shortened72 compen'dious 7,lat4 adj4 compendio'sus1 brief1 succinct72 expend'2 expen'diture2 sti'pend 7,lat4 n4 stipen'dium1 literally1 the pay of soldiers72 stipendiary4 ,,pens3 pen'sive1 thoughtful2 pen'sion1 an allowance for past services 7-eer72 com'pensate 7-ion72 dispense'1 to deal out 7-ary72 dispensa'tion2 indispen'sable2 expense' 7-ive72 rec'ompense4 ,,pes4 7,see page #dg47 #afa4 ,,pet',,ere3 pe'to1 peti'tum1 to attack1 to seek4 ,,pet3 centrip'etal 7,lat4 n4 cen'trum1 center72 compete'2 com'petent1 fit1 suitable2 com'petence1 sufficiency2 incom'petent4 ,,petit3 peti'tion1 a request 7-er72 compet'itor2 compet'itive2 repeti'tion4 ,pet'ulant 7,fr4 adj4 petulant1 fretful72 ap'petite 7,fr4 n4 apptit71 a seeking for hunger2 impet'uous 7,lat4 adj4 impetuo'sus1 vehement72 impetuos'ity2 im'petus 7,lat4 n4 im'petus1 a shock72 repeat' 7,fr4 v4 rpter ,lat4 repet'ere74 ,,exercise ,numerous objections were submitted against the innovations about to be introduced4 ,the obnoxious articles have been removed4 ,the nominee by his ludicrous speech neutralized all that his friends did for him4 ,part of the apparatus prepared for the occasion was damaged in transmission4 ,the patronage of the nobility and gentry connected with the neighborhood was asked4 ,many parts of the edifice are highly ornate4 ,christ had compassion on the multitude1 for they had been a long time without food4 ,the petitioner's application for a pension was not repeated4 ,how can an acid be neutralized8 ,the renegade was brought to ignominy4 ,the prince was travelling incognito4 ,the young lady seems pensive rather than petulant4 ,here is a new edition of the novel1 with annotations by the author4 ,the opera seems to be well patronized this winter4 ,webster had a compendious mode of stating great truths4 ,what is meant by centripetal motion8 ,what is the difference between the numerator and the denominator8 #afb4 ,,plec',,tere3 plec'to1 plex'um1 to twist2 ,,plica',,re3 pli'co1 plica'tum1 and plic'itum1 to fold4 ,,plex3 com'plex 7literally1 twisted together72 complex'ion2 complex'ity2 perplex' 7literally1 to twist thoroughly--per3 hence1 to puzzle or embarrass72 perplex'ity4 ,,plic3 ap'plicable 7-ity72 ap'plicant2 ex'plicable4 ,,plicat3 applica'tion2 com'plicate 7-ion72 du'plicate2 im'plicate 7-ion72 replica'tion1 an answer in law2 sup'plicate1 to entreat earnestly2 supplica'tion4 ,,plicit3 explic'it 7literally1 out-folded2 hence1 distinctly stated72 implic'it1 implied4 ,ply 7,fr4 v4 plier ,lat4 plica're71 to work diligently2 pli'able1 easily bent2 pli'ant2 pli'ancy2 accom'plice1 an associate in crime2 apply' 7,old ,fr4 applier ,lat4 applica're72 appli'ance1 the thing applied2 comply' 7,fr4 v4 plier71 to fold with3 hence1 to conform or assent2 compli'ance2 display' 7,old ,fr4 v4 desployer1 to unfold72 doub'le 7,fr4 adj4 double ,lat4 du'plex1 twofold72 du'plex2 duplic'ity 7,lat4 n4 duplic'itas1 from du'plex1 double72 employ' 7,fr4 v4 employer ,lat4 implica're71 to keep at work2 employ2 employ'er2 employ'ment2 exploit' 7,fr4 n4 exploit ,lat4 explic'itum1 literally1 something unfolded1 set forth3 hence1 a deed1 an achievement72 imply'1 literally1 to infold3 hence to involve1 to signify2 mul'tiply 7,fr4 v4 multiplier ,lat4 mul'tus much1 many72 quad'ruple 7,lat4 qua'tuor1 four72 reply' 7,old ,fr4 v4 replier ,lat4 replica're1 to answer72 sim'ple 7,lat4 simplex1 gen4 simplicis71 not compounded1 artless2 sim'pleton 7compare ,it4 simplicione1 a silly person72 simplic'ity 7,lat4 n4 simplic'itas72 sim'plify2 sup'ple 7,fr4 adj4 souple ,lat4 sup'plex1 bending the knee1 from sub and plica're72 sup'pliant 7literally1 bending the knees under1 kneeling down72 treb'le 7,old ,fr4 adj4 treble ,lat4 tri'plex1 threefold72 trip'le 7,lat4 tri'plex72 trip'let1 three lines rhyming alternately4 #afc4 ,,pon',,ere3 po'no1 pos'itum1 to place4 ,,pon3 compo'nent1 forming a compound2 depone'1 to bear testimony2 depo'nent2 oppo'nent2 postpone' 7-ment74 ,,posit3 posi'tion2 pos'itive2 pos'itivism1 a system of philosophy2 pos'itivist1 a believer in the positive philosophy2 ap'posite1 adapted to2 compos'ite1 compound2 composi'tion2 compos'itor2 decomposi'tion2 depos'it 7-ary1 -ion1 -ory72 deposi'tion1 the giving testimony under oath2 exposi'tion2 expos'itor2 imposi'tion2 interposi'tion2 juxtaposi'tion2 op'posite 7-ion72 preposi'tion2 proposi'tion2 supposi'tion2 suppositi'tious2 transposi'tion4 ,pose 7,fr4 v4 poser ,lat4 pon'ere71 to bring to a stand by questions2 post2 post'age2 post'ure 7,fr4 n4 posture ,lat4 positu'ra1 position72 compose' 7,fr4 v4 composer ,lat4 compon'ere72 compos'ure2 com'pound 7,lat4 v4 compon'ere72 com'post1 a mixture1 a manure2 depot' 7,fr4 n4 dpt ,lat4 depos'itum72 dispose' 7,fr4 v4 disposer72 dispo'sal2 expose' 7,fr4 v4 exposer72 expos'ure2 impose' 7,fr4 v4 imposer72 im'post1 a tax placed on imported goods2 impos'tor1 one guilty of fraud2 impost'ure2 interpose'2 oppose'2 propose'2 prov'ost 7,old ,fr4 provost1 from ,lat prpos'itus1 placed before1 a chief71 the principal of a college2 pur'pose 7,old ,fr4 n4 purpos1 propos ,lat4 propos'itum71 an end set before one2 repose' 7,fr4 v4 reposer72 suppose' 7,fr4 v4 supposer72 transpose' 7,fr4 v4 transposer74 #afd4 ,,porta',,re3 por'to1 porta'tum1 to carry4 ,,port3 port'able2 por'ter 7-age72 deport'ment2 export' 7-ation1 -er72 im'port 7-ance1 -ant1 -er72 pur'port1 design2 report' 7-er72 support'2 insupport'able2 transport' 7-ation74 ,portfo'lio 7,lat4 n4 fo'lium1 a leaf72 portman'teau 7,fr4 n4 manteau1 a cloak72 importune' 7,lat4 adj4 importu'nus1 unseasonable72 import'unate2 importu'nity2 op'portune 7,lat4 adj4 opportu'nus1 literally1 at or before the port or harbor3 hence1 seasonable72 opportu'nity2 inop'portune4 #afe4 ,,pos',,se1 to be able2 ,po'tens1 poten'tis1 powerful1 mighty4 ,,posse3 pos'sible 7,lat4 adj4 possib'ilis72 possibil'ity2 impos'sible4 ,,potent3 po'tent2 po'tency2 po'tentate2 poten'tial2 im'potent2 omnip'otent 7,lat4 adj4 om'nis1 all72 plenipoten'tiary 7,lat4 adj4 ple'nus1 full74 #aff4 ,,prehen',,dere3 prohen'do1 prehen'sum1 to lay hold of1 to seize4 ,,prehend3 apprehend'2 comprehend'2 reprehend'4 ,,prehens3 prehen'sile2 apprehen'sion2 apprehen'sive2 comprehen'sible2 comprehen'sion2 comprehen'sive2 reprehen'sible4 ,appren'tice 7,old ,fr4 n4 apprentis1 from v4 apprendre1 to learn72 apprise' 7,fr4 v4 apprendre1 part4 appris1 to inform72 comprise' 7,fr4 v4 comprendre1 compris71 to include2 en'terprise 7,fr4 n4 entrepise1 something undertaken72 impreg'nable 7,fr4 adj4 imprenable1 not to be taken72 pris'on 7,fr4 n4 prison72 prize 7,fr4 n4 prise1 something taken1 from prendre1 pris1 to take72 reprieve' 7,old ,fr4 v4 repreuver1 to condemn71 to grant a respite2 repri'sal2 surprise'4 #afg4 ,,prem',,ere3 pre'mo1 pres'sum1 to press4 ,,press3 press 7-ure72 compress' 7-ible72 depress' 7-ion72 express' 7-ion1 -ive72 impress' 7-ion1 -ive1 -ment72 irrepres'sible2 oppress' 7'-ion1 -ive1 -or72 repress' 7-ion1 -ive72 suppress' 7-ion74 ,print 7abbreviated from imprint1 from ,old ,fr4 v4 preindre ,lat4 prem'ere72 im'print1 the name of the publisher and the title page of a book2 imprima'tur 7,lat4 let it be printed71 originally1 a license to print a book1 the imprint of a publisher4 #afh4 ,,pri',,mus1 first2 ,prin'ceps1 prin'cipis1 chief1 original4 ,,prim3 prime2 pri'mate1 the highest dignitary of a church2 pri'macy2 prim'ary2 primer2 prime'val 7,lat4 n4 'vum1 an age72 prim'itive2 primogen'itor 7,lat4 n4 gen'itor1 a begetter72 primogeniture 7,lat4 n4 genitu'ra1 a begetting71 the exclusive right of inheritance which in ,english law belongs to the eldest son or daughter2 primor'dial 7,lat4 v4 ordi'ri1 to begin71 existing from the beginning2 prim'rose 7,lat4 n4 ro'sa72 prin'cess2 prince 7,fr4 n4 prince ,lat4 prin'ceps72 prin'cipal2 prin'ciple4 ,pre'mier 7,fr4 adj4 premier1 first71 the prime minister2 pri'or 7,lat4 adj4 prior1 former72 pri'oress1 the female superior of a convent2 pri'ory1 a convent2 prior'ity1 state of being first2 pris'tine 7,lat4 adj4 pristi'nus1 primitive71 original1 ancient4 #afi4 ,,proba',,re3 pro'bo1 proba'tum1 to try1 to prove4 ,,prob3 prob'able1 likely1 credible2 probabil'ity2 improb'able2 pro'bate1 the proof of a will2 proba'tion1 the act of trying2 proba'tioner2 proba'tionary2 probe1 to try by an instrument2 prob'ity1 tried integrity2 approba'tion1 commendation2 rep'robate 7adj4 literally1 proved against71 base1 condemned4 ,prove 7,old ,fr4 prover1 ,new ,fr4 prouver ,lat4 proba're72 proof 7,old ,fr4 n4 prove ,lat4 pro'ba1 proof72 approve' 7,fr4 v4 approuver ,lat4 approba're72 approv'al2 disapprove'2 improve'1 7-ment72 reprove'2 reproof'4 #agj4 ,,pun',,gere3 pun'go1 punc'tum1 to prick2 ,punc'tum1 a point4 ,,pung3 pun'gent2 pun'gency2 expunge'1 to mark out4 ,,punct3 punctil'io 7,sp4 punctillo1 from ,lat4 punc'tum1 a point71 a nice point of exactness in conduct1 etc42 punctil'ious2 punct'ual 7-ity72 punct'uate 7-ion72 punct'ure2 compunc'tion1 remorse4 ,punch 7abbreviated from puncheon1 from ,lat4 n4 punc'tio1 a pricking71 an instrument for cutting holes2 point 7,fr4 n4 pointe ,lat4 punc'tum72 poign'ant 7,fr4 part4 poignant1 stinging72 pon'iard 7,fr4 n4 poignard71 a small dagger4 #aga4 ,,puta',,re3 pu'to1 puta'tum1 to think1 to prune1 to count or reckon4 ,,put3 compute' 7-able1 -ation72 depute' 7,lat4 v4 deputa're1 to allot71 to empower to act2 dep'uty2 dispute' 7-ant72 indis'putable2 impute' 7literally1 to reckon in71 to charge2 repute'2 disrepute' 7-able74 ,,putat3 pu'tative1 supposed2 am'putate1 to cut off the limb from an animal2 deputa'tion2 imputa'tion2 reputa'tion4 ,count 7,fr4 v4 compter ,lat4 computa're72 account'2 discount'2 recount'4 #agb4 ,,rap',,ere3 ra'pio1 rap'tum1 to seize suddenly1 to snatch or hurry away4 ,,rap3 rapa'cious 7,lat4 adj4 ra'pax1 rapa'cis1 greedy72 rapac'ity2 rap'id 7,lat4 adj4 rap'idus1 swift72 rapid'ity2 rap'ids2 rap'ine 7,lat4 n4 rapi'na1 robbery74 ,,rapt3 rapt1 transported2 rapt'ure 7-ous72 enrapt'ure2 surrepti'tious 7,lat4 v4 surrip'ere1 surrep'tum1 to take away secretly71 done by stealth4 ,rav'age 7,fr4 v4 ravager to lay waste72 rav'ish 7,fr4 v4 ravir ,lat4 rap'ere74 #agc4 ,,reg',,ere3 re'go1 rec'tum1 to rule2 ,rec'tus1 straight4 ,,reg3 re'gent2 re'gency2 reg'imen 7,lat4 n4 reg'imen1 that by which one guides or governs anything72 reg'iment 7,lat4 n4 regimen'tum72 re'gion 7,lat4 re'gio1 regio'nis1 a region72 cor'rigible 7,lat4 v4 corrig'ere con reg'ere72 incor'rigible4 ,,rect3 rec'tify2 rec'titude2 rec'tor 7-ory72 correct' 7,lat4 v4 corrig'ere con reg'ere71 to remove faults2 direct' 7-ion1 -or1 -ory72 erect'2 insurrec'tion2 resurrec'tion4 ,re'gal 7,lat4 n4 rex1 re'gis1 a king72 rega'lia2 reg'icide 7,lat4 v4 cd'ere1 to kill72 reg'ular 7,lat4 n4 reg'ula1 a rule72 reg'ulate2 realm 7,old ,fr4 realme1 from ,lat4 adj4 rega'lis1 royal72 reign 7,fr4 n4 rgne ,lat4 reg'num72 corrigen'da 7sing4 corrigen'dum71 things to be corrected2 dress 7,fr4 v4 dresser ,lat dirig'ere72 address' 7,fr4 v4 adresser1 to direct72 redress' 7,fr4 v4 redresser ,lat4 re dirig'ere71 to rectify1 to repair2 source 7,fr4 n4 source1 from ,lat4 sur'gere1 to spring up72 surge2 insur'gent 7,lat4 v4 insur'gere74 #agd4 ,,ri',,vus1 a river4 ,,riv3 ri'val 7,lat4 n4 riva'lis1 one who used a brook in common with another72 ri'valry2 outri'val2 riv'ulet 7,lat4 n4 riv'ulus1 diminutive of ri'vus72 derive' 7literally1 to receive as from a source72 deriva'tion2 deriv'ative4 #age4 ,,roga',,re3 ro'go1 roga'tum1 to ask4 ,,rog3 ar'rogant1 proud1 overbearing2 ar'rogance2 prorogue' 7,fr4 v4 proroger ,lat4 proroga're74 ,,rogat3 ab'rogate2 to repeal2 ar'rogate1 to assume2 arroga'tion2 derog'atory1 detracting2 inter'rogate 7-ion1 -ive1 -ory72 prerog'ative 7literally1 that is asked before others for an opinion3 hence1 preference71 exclusive or peculiar right or privilege2 proroga'tion1 prolonga'tion2 superer'ogate 7,lat4 super eroga're1 to spend or pay out over and above71 to do more than is necessary2 supereroga'tion4 #agf4 ,,rum',,pere3 rum'po1 rup'tum1 to break4 ,,rupt3 rupt'ure1 to part violently2 abrupt' 7-ly1 -ness72 bank'rupt 7,it4 n4 banco1 a merchant's place of business72 bank'ruptcy2 corrupt' 7-ible1 -ion72 disrup'tion2 erup'tion2 interrupt' 7-ion72 irrup'tion2 irrup'tive4 #agg4 ,,sa',,cer1 sa'cri1 holy4 ,,sacr3 sac'rament 7,lat4 n4 sacramen'tum1 an oath1 a sacred thing72 sa'cred 7orignally1 past p4 of ,old ,eng4 v4 sacre1 to consecrate72 sac'rifice 7,lat4 v4 fac'ere1 to make72 sac'rilege 7literally1 that steals--properly gathers1 picks up1 leg'ere--sacred things72 sac'ristan 7,low ,lat4 sacrista'nus71 a church officer4 ,,secr3 7in comp47 con'secrate 7-ion72 des'ecrate 7-ion72 ex'ecrate 7-ion72 ex'ecrable2 sacerdo'tal 7,lat4 n4 sacer'dos1 sacerdo'tis1 priest71 pertaining to the priesthood4 #agh4 ,,sa',,lus1 salu'tis1 health2 ,sal'vus1 safe4 ,,salut3 sal'utary1 promoting health2 salu'tatory1 giving salutation2 salute' 7-ion74 ,,salv3 sal'vage1 reward for saving goods2 sal'vo1 a volley2 salva'tion4 ,safe 7through ,old ,fr4 salf or sauf72 safe'ty2 save2 sav'ior salu'brious 7,lat4 adj4 salu'bris1 health-giving72 salu'brity4 #agi4 ,,scan',,dere3 scan'do 7in comp4 scen'do71 scan'dum 7in comp4 scen'sum71 to climb4 ,,scend3 ascend' 7-ant1 -ency72 descend' 7-ant72 condescend' 7-ing72 transcend' 7-ent72 transcendental4 ,,scens3 ascen'sion2 ascent'2 condescen'sion4 #ahj4 ,,scrib',,ere3 scri'bo1 scrip'tum1 to write4 ,,scrib3 ascribe'1 to impute to2 circumscribe'1 to draw a line around1 to limit2 describe'2 inscribe'2 prescribe'1 to order or appoint2 pro-scribe' 7literally1 to write forth71 to interdict2 subscribe'2 superscribe'2 transcribe'4 ,,script3 script1 type in imitation of handwriting2 script'ure2 ascrip'tion2 con'script1 one taken by lot and enrolled for military service2 conscrip'tion2 descrip'tion2 inscrip'tion2 man'uscript 7see manus72 post'script2 prescrip'tion2 proscription2 subscription2 superscrip'tion2 tran'script4 ,scribe 7,fr4 n4 scribe72 scrib'ble2 escritoire'4 #aha4 ,,seca',,re3 se'co1 sec'tum1 to cut4 ,,sec3 se'cant 7,lat4 pres4 p4 se'cans1 secan'tis71 a line that cuts another4 ,,sect3 sect 7literally1 a body of persons separated from others by peculiar doctrines72 secta'rian 7-ism72 sec'tion 7-al72 bisect' 7,lat4 bis1 two72 dissect' 7-ion72 in'sect 7literally1 an animal whose body is apparently cut in the middle72 insectiv'orous 7,lat4 v4 vora're1 to feed72 intersect' 7-ion72 venesec'tion 7,lat4 n4 vena1 a vein74 ,seg'ment 7,lat4 n4 segmen'tum71 a part cut off4 #ahb4 ,,sede',,re3 se'deo 7in comp4 se'do71 ses'sum1 to sit4 ,,sed3 sed'entary 7,lat4 adj4 sedenta'rius1 accustomed to sit72 sed'iment 7,lat4 n4 sedimen'tum1 a settling or sinking down72 sedimen'tary2 sed'ulous 7,lat4 adj4 sed'ulus1 sitting close to an employment72 supersede'4 ,,sid3 assid'uous2 assidu'ity2 insid'ious 7literally1 sitting in wait against72 preside' 7literally1 to sit before or over72 pres'ident2 presidence2 reside' 7-ence72 res'idue2 resid'uary2 subside'2 subsidiary4 ,,sess3 ses'sion 7-al72 assess' 7literally1 to sit by or near a person or thing72 assess'ment2 assess'or2 possess' 7,lat4 v4 possid'ere1 posses'sum1 to sit upon3 hence1 to occupy in person1 to have or hold72 posses'sion2 possess'or2 posses'sive2 prepossess'1 to take possession of beforehand1 to prejudice4 #ahc4 ,,senti',,re3 sen'tio1 sen'sum1 to feel1 to think4 ,,sent3 scent 7,old ,english sent71 odor2 sen'tence 7,lat4 n4 senten'tia72 senten'tious 7,lat4 adj4 sententio'sus1 full of thought72 sentiment 7,fr4 n4 sentiment72 sentimen'tal2 assent'1 to agree to2 consent' 7literally1 to think or feel together71 to acquiesce1 to permit2 dissent' 7-er72 dissen'tient2 presen'timent2 resent' 7literally1 to feel back71 to take ill2 resent'ment4 ,,sens3 sense 7-less1 -ation1 -ible1 -itive72 insen'sate2 non'sense2 sen'sual 7,lat4 adj4 sensua'lis72 sen'sualist2 sen'suous4 #ahd4 ,,se',,qui3 se'quor1 secu'tus1 to follow4 ,,sequ3 se'quence1 order of succession2 consequent2 con'sequence2 consequential2 ob'sequies1 formal rites2 obse'quious 7literally1 following in the way of another71 meanly condescending2 sub'sequent 7-ly74 ,,secut3 consec'utive2 persecute 7-ion1 -or72 pros'ecute 7-ion74 ,se'quel 7,lat4 n4 seque'la1 that which follows72 sue 7,old ,fr4 v4 suire1 ,new ,fr4 suivre se'qui71 to follow at law2 suit2 suit'able2 suit'or2 suite 7,fr4 n4 suite71 a train or set2 ensue' 7,fr4 v4 ensuivre1 to follow1 to result from72 pursue' 7,fr4 v4 poursuivre1 to follow hard1 to chase72 pursu'ance2 pursu'ant2 pursuit'2 pur'suivant1 a state messenger2 ex'ecute 7,fr4 v4 executer ,lat4 ex'sequi72 execu'tion2 exec'utor2 exec'utrix4 #ahe4 ,,serva',,re3 ser'vo1 serva'tum1 to save1 to keep1 to bind4 ,,serv3 conserve'2 observe' 7-able1 -ance72 preserve' 7-er72 reserve'2 unreserved'4 ,,servat3 conserv'ative2 conserv'atory2 observ'ation2 observ'atory2 preserva'tion2 preserv'ative2 reserva'tion4 ,res'ervoir 7,fr4 n4 rservoir ,lat4 reservato'rium1 a place where anything is kept in store74 ,,exercise4 ,the puzzle is complicated and displays much ingenuity on the part of the inventor4 ,a reply may be explicit without showing duplicity4 ,it was urged that the election of delegates be postponed4 ,the portmanteau containing important papers was left at the merchant's office4 ,an impostor is sure to show opposition to the course of justice4 ,coleridge holds that it is possible to apprehend a truth without comprehending it4 ,the bankrupt was so arrogant that his creditors were not disposed to be lenient with him4 ,most of the questions proposed by the rector were answered in the negative4 ,what is the origin of the word derivation8 ,the region is described as healthful4 ,the manuscript was transcribed and subscribed by the author4 ,it is salutary to be rivals in all worthy ambitions4 #ahf4 ,,sig',,num1 a sign4 ,,sign3 sign2 sig'nal 7-ize72 sig'net2 sig'nify2 signif'icant2 signif'icance2 significa'tion2 assign' 7,lat4 v4 assigna're1 to designate72 assignee'2 consign' 7,lat4 v4 consigna're1 to seal7 to intrust to another2 consign'ment2 coun'tersign1 to sign what has already been signed by another2 design'1 to plan2 design'er2 des'ignate1 to name1 to point out2 designa'tion2 en'sign1 the officer who carries the flag of a regiment2 insig'nia1 badges of office2 resign' 7-ation72 sig'nature 7,lat4 n4 signatu'ra1 a sign or stamp74 #ahg4 ,,sim',,ilis1 like4 ,,simil3 sim'ilar 7-ity72 sim'i-le1 a formal likening or comparison2 simil'itude2 verisimil'itude 7,lat4 adj4 ve'rus1 true72 dissim'ilar2 assim'ilate2 fac-sim'ile 7,lat4 v4 fac'ere1 to make71 an exact copy2 sim'ulate 7,lat4 v4 simula're1 simula'tum1 to make like74 ,dissimula'tion 7,lat4 v4 dissimula're1 dissimula'tum1 to feign72 dissem'ble 7,fr4 v4 dissembler ,lat4 dissimula're72 resem'ble 7,fr4 v4 ressembler74 #ahh4 ,,sis',,tere3 sisto1 sta'tum1 to cause to stand1 to stand4 ,,sist3 assist' 7-ance1 -ant72 consist' 7-ent1 -ency72 desist'2 exist' 7for ex-sist71 to stand out3 hence1 to be1 to live2 exist'ence2 co-exist'2 pre-exist'2 insist'1 to stand upon1 to urge firmly2 persist' 7-ent1 -ence72 resist' 7-ance1 -ible72 subsist 7-ence74 #ahi4 ,,sol',,vere3 sol'vo1 solu'tum1 to loosen4 ,,solv3 solve 7-able1 -ent1 -ency72 absolve'2 dissolve'2 resolve'4 ,,solut3 solu'tion2 ab'solute 7-ion72 dis'solute 7-ion72 res'olute 7-ion74 ,sol'uble 7,lat4 adj4 solu'bilis72 solubil'ity4 #aij4 ,,spec',,ere or ,,spic',,ere3 ,spe'cio or spi'cio1 spec'tum1 to behold2 ,spe'cies1 a kind4 ,,spic3 aus'pices 7literally1 omens drawn from the inspection of birds72 auspi'cious2 conspic'uous 7,lat4 adj4 conspic'uus1 wholly visible72 conspicu'ity2 des'picable 7,lat4 despicab'ilis1 deserving to be despised72 perspic'uous 7,lat4 adj4 perspic'uus1 that may be seen through72 perspicu'ity2 suspi'cion2 suspi'cious4 ,,spect3 as'pect2 cir'cumspect 7-ion72 expect' 7-ant1 -ation72 inspect' 7-ion1 -or72 perspec'tive2 pros'pect 7-ive72 prospec'tus 7,lat4 n4 prospec'tus1 a view forward72 respect' 7literally1 to look again3 hence1 to esteem or regard72 respect'able2 respect'ful2 re'tro-spect 7-ive72 suspect'4 ,,species3 spe'cies2 spe'cial 7-ist1 -ity1 -ize72 spe'cie2 spec'ify 7-ic1 -ication72 spe'cious1 showy4 ,spec'imen 7,lat4 n4 spec'imen1 a sample72 spec'tacle 7,lat4 n4 spectac'ulum1 anything presented to view72 specta'tor 7,lat4 n4 specta'tor1 a beholder72 spec'ter 7,lat4 n4 spec'trum1 an image72 spec'tral2 spec'trum 7pl4 spec'tra71 an image2 spec'troscope 7,gr4 v4 skopein1 to view71 an instrument for analysing light2 spec'ulate 7,lat4 n4 spec'ula1 a lookout71 to contemplate1 to traffic for great profit2 specula'tion2 spec'ulative4 #aia4 ,,spira',,re3 spi'ro1 spira'tum1 to breathe2 ,spir'itus1 breath1 spirit4 ,,spir3 spir'acle1 a breathing pore2 aspire' 7-ant72 conspire' 7-acy72 expire'2 expir'ing2 inspire'2 perspire'2 respire'2 transpire'4 ,,spirat3 aspira'tion2 as'pirate2 conspir'ator2 inspira'tion2 perspira'tion2 respira'tion2 respir'atory4 ,,spiritus3 spir'it2 spir'itual 7-ity72 spir'ituous4 ,sprightly 7spright1 a contraction of spirit72 sprite 7a contraction of spirit74 #aib4 ,,sponde',,re3 spon'deo1 spon'sum1 to promise4 ,,spond3 correspond'1 to answer one to another2 correspond'ence2 correspond'ent2 despond' 7literally1 to promise away3 hence1 to give up1 to despond72 despond'ency2 respond'4 ,,spons3 spon'sor1 a surety2 response' 7-ible1 -ibility1 -ive72 irrespon'sible4 ,spouse 7,old ,fr4 n4 espous1 espouse ,lat4 spon'sus1 spon'sa72 espouse' 7,old ,fr4 v4 espouser ,lat4 sponsa're1 to betroth1 from spondere74 #aic4 ,,sta',,re3 sto1 sta'tum 7in comp4 sti'tum1 to stand2 pres4 part4 stans1 stan'tis1 standing72 ,,sis',,tere3 sis'to1 sta'tum1 to cause to stand2 ,,statu',,ere3 stat'uo1 statu'tum1 to station1 to fix1 to place4 ,,stant3 cir'cumstance 7from part4 circumstans'1 circumstan'tis1 through ,lat4 n4 circumstan'tia1 ,fr4 circonstance71 the condition of things surrounding or attending an event2 circumstan'tial2 circumstan'tiate2 con'stant2 con'stancy2 dis'tant 7literally1 standing asunder3 hence1 remote1 reserved72 dis'tance2 ex'tant2 in'stant2 instanta'neous2 transubstan'tiate1 to change to another substance4 ,,stat3 state2 sta'tion 7-ary1 -er1 -ery72 state'ly2 state'ment2 states'man2 stat'ue 7-ary72 stat'ure4 ,,stit3 supersti'tion 7literally1 a standing over1 as if awe-struck72 supersti'tious4 ,,statut3 stat'ute 7-ory74 ,,stitu3 con'stitute 7literally1 to set or station together3 hence1 to establish1 to make72 constitu'tion 7-al72 constituent2 constit'uency2 des'titute 7literally1 put from or away3 hence1 forsaken1 in want of72 in'stitute 7literally1 to place into3 hence1 to found1 to commence72 restitu'tion2 sub'stitute 7-ion74 ,sta'ble2 7,lat4 adj4 stab'ilis1 standing firmly72 stab'lish2 estab'lish 7-ment72 stay1 literally1 to keep standing2 ar'mistice 7,lat4 n4 ar'ma1 arms71 a temporary stand-still of war2 arrest' 7,old ,fr4 arrester ,lat4 ad restare1 to stay back1 to remain72 contrast' 7,lat4 contra sta're1 to stand against72 inter'stice2 ob'stacle2 ob'stinate2 sol'stice 7,lat4 n4 sol1 the sun74 #aid4 ,,strin',,gere3 strin'go1 stric'tum1 to bind2 to draw tight4 ,,string3 strin'gent2 astrin'gent2 astrin'gency4 ,,strict3 strict 7-ness1 -ure72 dis'trict1 a defined portion of a country2 restrict' 7-ion74 ,strain 7,old ,fr4 straindre ,lat4 strin'gere72 constrain'2 dis-train'2 restrain'2 restraint'4 #aie4 ,,stru',,ere3 stru'o1 struc'tum1 to build1 to place in order4 ,,struct3 struct'ure2 construct' 7-ion1 -ive72 destruct'ible2 destruc'tion2 instruct' 7-ion1-ive1-or72 obstruct'7-ion72 superstruct'ure4 ,con'strue2 destroy'2 in'strument 7,lat4 n4 instrumen'tum72 instrumental'ity4 #aif4 ,,su',,mere3 su'mo1 sump'tum1 to take2 ,sump'tus1 cost1 expense4 ,,sum3 assume'2 consume' 7-er72 presume'2 resume'4 ,,sumpt3 sumpt'uous 7,lat4 adj4 sumptuo'sus1 expensive72 sumpt'uary1 relating to expense2 assumption2 consumption2 consump'tive2 presump'tion2 presump'tive2 presump'tuous4 #aig4 ,,tan',,gere3 tan'go1 tac'tum1 to touch4 ,,tang3 tan'gent1 a straight line which touches a circle or curve2 tan'gible4 ,,tact3 tact1 peculiar faculty or skill2 con'tact2 intact'4 ,attain' 7,fr4 v4 attaindre1 to reach72 attain'able2 conta'gion1 communication of disease by contact or touch2 contam'inate1 to defile1 to infect2 contig'uous2 contin'gent4 ,,tempus4 7,see page #dh47 #aih4 ,,ten',,dere3 ten'do1 ten'sum or ten'tum1 to stretch4 ,,tend3 tend1 to aim at1 take care of2 tend'ency2 attend' 7-ance1 -ant72 contend'2 distend'2 extend'2 intend' 7literally1 to stretch to71 to purpose1 to design2 portend' 7literally1 to stretch forward71 to presage1 to betoken2 pretend' 7literally1 to stretch forth71 to affect1 feel2 subtend'1 to extend under2 superintend' 7-ence1 -ent74 ,,tens3 tense 7adj471 stretched2 ten'sion2 intense' 7-ify72 osten'sible 7,lat4 v4 osten'dere1 to stretch out or spread before one71 apparent2 pretense'4 ,,tent3 tent1 literally1 a shelter of stretched canvas2 tentac'ula1 the feelers of certain animals2 atten'tion2 atten'tive2 conten'tion2 conten'tious2 extent'2 intent' 7-ion72 ostenta'tion2 ostenta'tious2 por'tent1 an ill omen4 #aii4 ,,tene',,re3 ten'eo1 ten'tum1 to hold2 ,french ,tenir 7radical tain71 to hold4 ,,ten3 ten'able2 ten'ant1 one who holds property under another2 ten'antry2 ten'ement2 ten'et 7,lat4 tenet1 literally1 he holds71 a doctrine held as true2 ten'ure4 ,,tin 7in compos473 ab'stinent2 ab'stinence2 continent2 incon'tinent2 per'tinent2 imper'tinent4 ,,tent3 content' 7-ment72 contents'2 discontent'2 deten'tion2 reten'tion2 reten'tive2 sus'tenance4 ,,tain3 abstain'2 appertain'2 contain'2 detain'2 entertain' 7-ment72 pertain'2 retain' 7-er72 sustain'4 ,tena'cious 7,lat4 adj4 te'nax1 tena'cis1 holding firmly72 tenac'ity2 appur'tenance1 that which belongs to something else2 contin'ue 7,fr4 v4 continuer ,lat4 contine're72 contin'ual2 contin'uance2 continua'tion2 continu'ity2 discontin'ue2 coun'tenance 7literally1 the contents of a body3 hence1 of a face72 lieuten'ant 7,fr4 n4 lieu1 a place72 maintain' 7,fr4 n4 main1 the hand71 literally1 to hold by the hand3 hence1 to support1 to uphold2 main'tenance2 pertina'cious2 pertinac'ity2 ret'inue1 a train of attendants4 #bjj4 ,,ter',,ra1 the earth4 ,,terr3 ter'race 7,fr4 n4 terrasse72 terra'queous 7,lat4 n4 a'qua1 water72 terres'trial2 ter'ritory 7-al72 ter'rier1 a small dog that goes into the ground after burrowing animals2 ,mediterra'nean 7,lat4 n4 me'dius1 middle72 subterra'nean4 ,inter1 to put in the earth1 to bury2 inter'ment2 disinter'4 #bja4 ,,tes',,tis1 a witness4 ,,test3 tes'tify2 attest' 7-ation72 contest'2 detest' 7-able72 protest' 7-ation1 -ant72 prot'estantism4 ,tes'tament 7,lat4 n4 testamen'tum1 a will72 testamen'tary2 testa'tor2 tes'timony 7-al72 intes'tate1 not having left a will4 #bjb4 ,,tor',,quere3 tor'queo1 tor'tum1 to twist4 ,,tort3 tort'ure2 contort' 7-ion72 distort' 7-ion72 extort' 7-ion1 -ionate72 retort'4 ,tor'tuous 7,lat4 adj4 tortuo'sus1 very twisted72 tortuos'ity2 torment' 7,lat4 n4 tormen'tum1 extreme pain74 #bjc4 ,,tra',,here3 tra'ho1 trac'tum1 to draw2 ,fr4 ,trair1 past part4 ,trait4 ,,tract3 tract 7-able1 -ile1 -ion72 ab'stract 7-ion72 attract' 7-ion1 -ive72 contract' 7-ile1 -or72 detract'2 distract'2 extract' 7-ion1 -or72 protract'2 retract' 7-ion72 subtract' 7-ion74 ,trace 7,fr4 n4 trace72 track 7,old ,fr4 n4 trac72 train2 trait2 treat 7-ise1 -ment1 -y74 #bjd4 ,,tribu',,ere3 trib'uo1 tribu'tum1 to allot1 to give4 ,,tribut3 trib'ute 7-ary72 attrib'ute2 contribute 7-ion72 distrib'ute 7-ion1 -ive72 retribu'tion2 retrib'utive4 #bje4 ,,tru',,dere3 tru'do1 tru'sum1 to thrust4 ,,trud3 detrude'1 to thrust down2 extrude'2 intrude' 7-er72 obtrude'2 protrude'4 ,,trus3 abstruse' 7literally1 thrust away3 hence1 difficult to be understood72 intru'sion2 intru'sive2 obtru'sive2 protru'sion4 #bjf4 ,,tu',,ere3 tu'eor1 tu'itus or tu'tus1 to watch4 ,,tuit3 tui'tion1 instruction2 intui'tion1 the act or power of the mind by which it at once perceives the truth of a thing without argument2 intu'itive4 ,,tut3 tu'tor2 tuto'rial2 tu'torage4 #bjg4 ,,un',,da1 a wave4 ,,und3 abun'dance1 literally1 condition of overflowing--7abunda're1 to overflow72 abun'dant2 superabundant2 inun'date 7-ion72 redun'dant 7literally1 running back or over3 hence1 exceeding what is necessary72 redundance2 redun'dancy4 ,un'dulate 7,lat4 n4 un'dula1 a little wave72 undula'tion2 un'dulatory2 abound'2 superabound'2 redound' 7,old ,fr4 v4 redonder ,lat4 redunda're1 to roll back as a wave or flood74 #bjh4 ,u',,ti3 u'tor1 u'sus1 to use4 ,,ut3 uten'sil 7,lat4 n4 uten'sile1 something that may be used72 util'ity 7,lat4 n4 util'itas1 usefulness72 u'tilize4 ,,us3 use 7-able1 -age1 -ful1 -less72 us'ual 7,lat4 adj4 usua'lis1 of frequent use72 u'sury1 illegal interest paid for the use of money2 u'surer2 abuse' 7-ive72 disabuse'4 #bji4 ,,vad',,ere3 va'do1 va'sum1 to go4 ,,vad3 evade'2 invade'2 pervade'4 ,,vas3 eva'sion2 inva'sion2 perva'sive4 #baj4 ,,vale',,re3 valeo1 vali'tum1 to be strong1 to be of value2 ,val'idus1 strong2 ,va'le1 farewell4 ,,val3 valedic'tory1 bidding farewell2 valetudina'rian 7,lat4 n4 valetu'do1 state of health71 a person in ill-health2 val'iant1 brave1 heroic2 val'or 7-ous72 val'ue 7-able1 -ation1 -ator72 convales'cent1 regaining health2 equiv'alent 7,lat4 adj4 e'quus1 equal72 prev'alent1 very common or general2 prevalence4 ,,vail3 7,fr4 radical73 avail' 7-able72 prevail'4 ,,valid3 val'id2 valid'ity2 in'valid4 #baa4 ,,veni',,re3 ve'nio1 ven'tum1 to come1 to go4 ,,vent3 vent'ure1 literally1 something gone upon2 vent'uresome2 ad'vent2 adventi'tious1 accidental1 casual2 advent'ure 7-ous72 circumvent'2 contraven'tion2 con'vent1 a monastery1 a nunnery2 conven'ticle1 a place of assembly2 conven'tion 7-al72 event'7-ful72 event'ual2 invent' 7literally1 to come upon71 to find out1 to contrive2 inven'tion2 invent'ive2 invent'or2 interven'tion2 peradvent'ure2 prevent' 7-ion1 -ive74 ,av'enue 7,fr4 n4 avenue1 an approach to72 contravene'2 convene'2 conven'ient 7,lat4 pres4 part1 conve'niens1 convenien'tis1 literally1 coming together71 suitable2 conven'ience2 cov'enant an agreement between two parties2 intervene'2 rev'enue2 supervene'1 to come upon1 to happen4 #bab4 ,,ver',,bum1 a word4 ,,verb3 verb 7-al1 -ally1 -ose1 -osity72 ad'verb2 prov'erb4 ,verba'tim 7,lat4 adv4 verba'tim1 word for word72 ver'biage 7,fr4 n4 verbiage1 wordiness74 #bac4 ,,ver',,tere3 ver'to1 ver'sum1 to turn4 ,,vert3 advert'2 inadver'tent 7literally1 not turning the mind to71 heedless2 ad'vertise1 to turn public attention to2 adver'tisement2 animadvert' 7,lat4 n4 an'imus1 the mind71 to turn the mind to1 to censure2 avert'2 controvert'1 to oppose2 convert'1 to change into another form or state2 divert'2 invert'1 literally1 to turn the outside in2 pervert'1 to turn from the true purpose2 retrovert'2 revert'2 subvert'4 ,,vers3 adverse' 7-ary1 -ity72 animadver'sion2 anniver'sary1 the yearly 7,lat4 n4 an'nus1 a year7 celebration of an event2 averse'1 having a dislike to2 aver'sion2 con'troversy2 converse' 7-ant1 -ation72 conver'sion2 diverse' 7-ify1 -ion1 -ity72 ob'verse2 perverse' 7-ity72 retrover'sion2 reverse' 7-al1 -ion72 subver'sion2 subversive2 tergiversa'tion 7,lat4 n4 ter'gum1 the back71 a subterfuge2 transverse'1 lying or being across2 u'niverse 7,lat4 adj4 u'nus1 one71 the system of created things2 univer'sal 7-ist72 univer'sity1 a universal school in which are taught all branches of learning4 ,verse 7,lat4 n4 ver'sus1 a furrow71 a line in poetry2 ver'sify2 versifica'tion2 ver'sion1 that which is turned from one language into another1 a statement2 ver'satile 7,lat4 adj4 versat'ilis1 turning with ease72 vertex 7pl4 ver'tices71 the summit2 vertical2 vertebra 7pl4 ver'tebr72 ver'tebrate2 ver'tigo2 vor'tex 7,lat4 n4 vor'tex1 a whirlpool72 divorce' 7,fr4 n4 divorce71 a separation4 #bad4 ,,ve',,rus1 true2 ,ve'rax1 vera'cis1 veracious4 ,,ver3 ver'dict 7,lat4 n4 dic'tum1 a saying71 the decision of a jury2 ver'ify1 to prove to be true2 verifica'tion2 ver'ity 7,lat4 n4 ver'itas1 truth72 ver'itable2 verisim'ilar1 truth-like2 verisimil'itude2 aver'1 to declare truer2 aver'ment2 ver'ily2 ver'y4 ,,verac3 v'era'cious2 verac'ity4 #bae4 ,,vi',a1 a way4 ,,via3 vi'aduct 7,lat4 v4 du'cere1 duc'tum1 to lead72 viat'icum 7,lat4 n4 viat'icum1 literally1 traveling money71 the sacrament administered to a dying person2 de'viate 7-ion72 de'vious2 ob'viate1 to meet in the way1 to remove2 ob'vious2 per'vious1 affording a passage through2 imper'vious4 ,voy'age 7,fr4 n4 voyage72 convoy'1 to escort2 en'voy 7,fr4 v4 envoyer1 to send71 one sent on a special mission2 triv'ial 7,lat4 n4 triv'ium1 a cross road71 trifling2 trivial'ity4 #baf4 ,,vide',,re3 vi'deo1 vi'sum1 to see4 ,,vid3 ev'ident1 clearly seen2 ev'idence2 invid'ious1 literally1 looking against3 hence1 likely to provoke envy2 provide'1 to look out for1 to supply2 prov'idence2 prov'ident4 ,,vis3 vis'ible2 vis'ion 7-ary72 advise'2 advis'able1 expedient2 im'provise1 to compose and recite without premeditation2 provis'ion2 revise' 7-al1 -ion72 supervis'ion2 supervis'or4 ,view 7,fr4 v4 voir1 to see1 vu1 seen72 review'2 in'terview2 vis'age 7,fr4 n4 visage1 the countenance72 vis'it 7-ant1 -or1 -ation72 vis'or1 part of a helmet perforated to see through2 vis'ta 7,it4 n4 vista1 sight71 a prospect as seen through an avenue of trees 2 advice'2 en'vy 7,fr4 n4 envie ,lat4 invid'ia1 from invide're1 to see against72 in'voice 7,it4 n4 avviso1 notice71 a priced list of goods2 peruse' 7,lat4 v4 pervide're1 pervi'sum1 to look through72 provi'so1 a stipulation2 pru'dent 7,lat4 adj4 pru'dens from prov'idens72 pru'dence2 purvey'1 to look out for in the way of buying provisions2 purvey'or2 survey' 7-or74 #bag4 ,,vin',,cere3 vin'co1 vic'tum1 to conquer4 ,,vinc3 vin'cible2 invin'cible2 convince'2 evince'1 to show clearly ,,vict3 vic'tor2 vic'tory 7-ous72 convict'1 to prove guilty of crime2 evict'1 to dispossess2 evic'tion4 ,vanquish 7,fr4 v4 vaincre1 vaincu ,lat4 vin'cere72 prov'ince 7,fr4 n4 province ,lat4 provin'cia1 literally1 a conquered country74 #bah4 ,,voca',,re3 vo'co1 voca'tum1 to call2 ,vox1 vo'cis1 the voice4 ,,vocat3 voca'tion1 literally1 calling1 occupation2 voc'ative1 the case of a noun in which the subject is called1 or addressed2 ad'vocate to plead for2 convoca'tion1 an assembly1 a meeting2 equivocate 7,lat4 adj4 e'quus1 equal71 to use words of doubtful meaning2 equivoca'tion2 evoca'tion1 act of calling forth2 invoca'tion2 provoca'tion2 provo'cative2 revoca'tion4 ,,voc3 vo'cable 7,lat4 n4 vocab'ulum1 that which is sounded with the voice71 a word2 vocab'ulary2 vo'cal 7-ist1 -ize72 vociferate1 to cry with a loud voice2 ad'vocacy1 a pleading for1 a defense2 irrev'ocable4 ,voice 7,fr4 n4 voix ,lat4 vox71 sound uttered by the mouth2 vouch1 to call out1 or affirm strongly2 vow'el 7,fr4 n4 vouelle1 a voice-sound72 advow'son1 right of perpetual calling to a benefice2 convoke'1 to call together2 evoke'2 invoke'2 revoke'4 #bai4 ,,vol',,vere3 vol'vo1 volu'tum1 to roll4 ,,volv3 circumvolve'2 convolve'1 to roll together2 devolve'2 evolve'2 involve'2 revolve' 7-ion1 -ionist74 ,,volut3 circumvolu'tion2 evolu'tion2 revolution 7-ary1 -ist1 -ize74 ,vol'ume 7,lat4 n4 volu'men1 a roll1 or inscribed parchment sheet rolled up71 a single book2 volute'1 a kind of rolled or spiral scroll2 vol'uble1 literally1 rolling easily3 hence1 having great fluency of speech2 convol'vulus1 a genus of twining plants2 revolt'4 #bbj4 ,,vul',,gus1 the common people4 ,,vulg3 vul'gar2 vul'garism2 vulgar'ity2 vul'gate1 a ,latin version of the ,scriptures4 ,divulge'1 to make known something before kept secret2 divulge'ment2 promulgate 7-ion74 ,,part ,,iii4--,,the ,,greek ,,element4 ,i4--,,greek ,,prefixes4 ,,prefix ,,signification4 ,,example4 ,,definition a- without2 a-pathy state of being without an- not an-omalous feeling4 not similar4 amphi- around2 amphi-theater place for seeing all both amphi-bious around4 living in both land and water4 ana- back1 ana-logy reasoning back4 throughout ana-lysis loosening throughout4 anti- against2 anti-pathy a feeling against4 ant- opposite ant-arctic opposite the ,arctic4 apo- away2 apo-stle one sent out4 ap- out ap-helion away from the sun4 cata- down or cata-ract a rushing down4 cat- against cat-arrh a flowing down4 dia- through or dia-meter measure through the across dia-logue center4 speaking across 7from one another74 dis- two1 dis-syllable word of two syllables4 di- double di-lemma a double assumption4 dys- ill dys-pepsia ill digestion4 ec- out of ec-centric out of the center4 ex- ex-odies an outgoing4 ,note--,,ex- is used before a root beginning with a vowel4 en- in or en-ergy power in one4 em- on em-phasis stress on4 epi- upon2 epi-dermis skin upon skin4 ep- for ep-hemeral lasting for a day4 ,note--,,ep- is used before a root beginning with a vowel or a h aspirate eu- well or eu-phonic sounding well4 ev- good ev-angel good news4 hemi- half hemi-sphere half a sphere hyper- over or hyper-critical over-critical4 beyond hyper-borean beyond the ,north4 hypo- under hypo-thesis a placing under 7 ,lat4 supposition47 meta- beyond2 meta-physics science beyond physics4 met- transference met-onymy transference of name4 para- by the par-helion mock sun by the side of par- side of the real4 peri- around peri-meter the measure around anything4 pro- before pro-gramme something written before4 pros- to pros-elyte one coming to a new religion4 syn- with syn-thesis placing together4 sy- or sy-stem part with part4 syl- together syl-lable letters taken together4 sym- sym-pathy feeling together4 ,,note4--,the form ,,sy- is used before s2 ,,syl- before l1 ,,sym- before b1 p or m4 ,,ii4--,,greek ,,alphabet4 a ,alpha4 99 b ,beta4 g ,gamma4 d ,delta4 e as in met ,epsilon4 z ,zeta4 e as in me ,eta4 99 th ,theta4 i ,iota k ,kappa4 l ,lambda4 m ,mu4 n ,nu4 x ,xi4 o as in not ,omicron4 99 p ,pi r ,rho4 1 final s ,sigma4 t ,tau4 u1 or y ,upsilon4 ph ,phi4 ch ,chi4 ps ,psi4 o as in no ,omega4 ,pronunciation of ,greek ,words4 ,gamma has always the hard sound of g1 as in give4 ,kappa is represented by c in ,english words1 although in ,greek it has but one sound1 that of our k4 ,upsilon is represented by y in ,english words2 in ,greek it has always the sound of u in mute4 ,chi is represented in ,english by ch having the sound of k2 as in chronic4 ,in ,greek words1 as in ,latin1 there are always as many syllables as there are vowels and diphthongs4 ,an inverted comma placed over a letter denotes that the sound of our h precedes that letter4 ,,greek ,,roots ,,and ,,english ,,derivatives4 ,,division ,i4--,,principal ,,greek ,,roots4 #a4 ,a',,er 771 the air4 ,a',,erate1 to combine with air2 to mix with carbonic acid4 ,a-,e',,rial1 belonging to the air4 ,a',,eriform1 having the form of air4 ,a',,erolite 7,gr4 n4 lith'os1 a stone71 a meteoric stone4 ,a',,eronaut 7,gr4 n4 nau'ts1 a sailor71 a balloonist4 ,,aerosta',,tion1 aerial navigation4 ,,air1 the atmosphere2 a melody2 the bearing of a person4 ,,air',y1 open to the air2 gay1 sprightly4 #b4 ,,ag',,ein 771 to lead4 ,,apago',,ge1 a leading away2 an indirect argument ,,dem',,agogue 7,gr4 n4 de'mos1 the people71 a misleader of the people4 ,,parago',,ge 7literally1 a leading or extension beyond71 the addition of a letter or syllable to the end of a word4 ,,ped',,agogue 7,gr4 n4 pais1 a child71 a schoolmaster2 a pedantic person44 ,,syn',,agogue1 a ,jewish place of worship4 #c4 ,a',,gon 771 a contest4 ,,ag',,ony1 extreme pain4 ,,ag',,onize1 to be in agony4 ,,antag',,onism1 direct opposition4 ,,antag',,onist1 or ,,antagonis',,tic1 contending against4 #d4 ,,ang',,ellein 771 to bring tidings2 ,,ang',,ellos 771 a messenger4 ,,an',,gel1 a spiritual messenger4 ,,angel',,ic1 relating to an angel4 ,,archan',,gel 7,gr4 prefix archi-1 chief71 an angel of the highest order4 ,,evan',,gel 7,gr4 prefix eu1 well71 good tidings2 the gospel4 ,,evan',,gelist1 one of the writers of the four gospels4 #e4 ,,ar',,che 771 beginning1 government1 chief4 ,,an',,archy1 want of government4 ,,ar',,chitect 7,gr4 n4 tek'tn1 workman71 literally1 a chief builder1 one who devises plans for buildings4 ,,ar',,chives1 records4 ,,hep',,tarchy 7,gr4 hepta1 seven71 a sevenfold government4 ,,hi',,erarchy 7,gr4 adj4 hi'eros1 sacred71 dominion in sacred things2 a sacred body of rulers4 ,,mon',,arch 7,gr4 adj4 mon'os1 alone71 one who rules alone1 a sovereign4 ,,mon',,archy1 government by one person1 a kingdom4 ,,oligarchy 7,gr4 adj4 ol'igos1 few71 government by a few1 an aristocracy4 ,,pa',,triarch 7,gr4 n4 pat'r1 a father71 the father and ruler of a family4 ,,patriar',,chal1 relating to patriarchs4 #f4 ,,as',,tron 771 a star4 ,,as',,terisk1 a mark like a star 7997 used to refer to a note1 and sometimes to mark an omission of words4 ,,as',,teroid 7,gr4 adj4 ei'dos1 like71 one of the numerous small planets between ,mars and ,jupiter4 ,,as',,tral1 belonging to the stars4 ,,astrol',,ogy1 the pretended science of foretelling events by the stars4 ,,astron',,omy 7,gr4 n4 nom'os1 a law71 the science that treats of the stars4 ,,astron',,omer1 one skilled in astronomy4 ,,disas',,ter1 calamity1 misfortune4 ,,disas',,trous1 unlucky2 calamitous4 #g4 ,,au',,tos 771 one's self4 ,,autobiog',,raphy 7,gr4 n4 bi'os1 life1 graph'ein1 to write71 the life of a person written by himself4 ,,au',,tocrat 7,gr4 n4 krat'os1 power71 an absolute ruler4 ,,autocrat',,ic1 like an autocrat4 ,,au',,tograph1 one's own handwriting4 ,,autom',,aton 7,gr4 mema'otes1 striving after71 a self-acting machine4 ,,authen',,tic1 genuine1 true4 ,,authentic',,ity1 genuineness4 #h4 ,,bal',,lein 771 to throw or cast4 ,,em',,blem1 a representation2 a type4 ,,emblemat',,ical1 containing an emblem4 ,,hyper',,bole1 a figure of speech which represents things greater or less than they are4 ,,par',,able1 a story which illustrates some fact or doctrine4 ,,parab',,ola1 one of the conic sections4 ,,prob',,lem1 a question proposed for solution4 ,,sym',,bol1 a sign2 a representation4 ,,symbolical1 representing by signs4 #i4 ,,bap',,tein 771 to wash1 to dip4 ,,bap',,tism1 a ,christian sacrament1 in the observance of which the individual is sprinkled with or immersed in water4 ,,baptize'1 to sprinkle with or immerse in water4 ,,baptismal1 pertaining to baptism3 as baptismal vows4 ,,bap',,tist1 one who approves only of baptism by immersion4 ,,anabap',,tist1 one who believes that only adults should be baptized4 ,,catabap',,tist1 one opposed to baptism4 ,,pedobap',,tism 7,gr4 pais1 paidos1 a child71 infant baptism4 #aj4 ,,chron',,os 771 time4 ,,chron',,ic1 lasting a long time2 periodical4 ,,chron',,icle1 a record of events in the order of time2 a history recording facts in order of time4 ,,chronol',,ogy1 the science of computing the dates of past events4 ,,chronom',,eter 7,gr4 n4 me'tron1 a measure71 an instrument for measuring time4 ,,anach',,ronism1 an error in computing time4 ,,syn',,chronal1 ,,syn',,chronous1 existing at the same time4 #aa4 ,,gram',,ma 771 a letter ,,gram',,mar1 the science of language4 ,,gramma',,rian1 one skilled in or who teaches grammar4 ,,grammat',,ical1 according to the rules of grammar4 ,,an',,agram1 the change of one word into another by transposing the letters4 ,,di',,agram1 a writing or drawing made for illustration4 ,,ep',,igram1 a short poem ending with a witty thought4 ,,mon',,ogram 7,gr4 adj4 mon'os1 alone71 a character composed of several letters interwoven4 ,,pro',,gramme1 order of any entertainment4 ,,tel',,egram 7,gr4 te'le1 at a distance71 a message sent by telegraph4 #ab4 ,,graph',,ein 771 to write4 ,,graph',,ic1 well delineated2 giving vivid description4 ,,au',,tograph4 ,see au'tos4 ,,biog',,raphy 7,gr4 n4 bi'os1 life71 the history of a life4 ,,calig',,raphy 7,gr4 adj4 kal'os1 beautiful71 beautiful writing4 ,,geog',,raphy 7,gr4 n4 g1 the earth71 a description of the earth4 ,,historiog',,rapher 7,gr4 n4 histo'ria1 history71 one appointed to write history4 ,,hol',,ograph 7,gr4 adj4 hol'os1 whole71 a deed or will wholly written by the grantor or testator4 ,,lexicog',,rapher 7,gr4 n4 lex'icon1 a dictionary71 the compiler of a dictionary4 ,,lith',,ograph 7,gr4 n4 lith'os1 a stone71 an impression of a drawing made on stone4 ,,lithog',,raphy1 the art of writing on and taking impressions from stone4 ,,orthog',,raphy 7,gr4 adj4 or'thos1 correct71 the correct spelling of words4 ,,pho',,nograph 7,gr4 n4 pho'ne1 sound71 an instrument for the mechanical registration and reproduction of audible sounds4 ,,phonog',,raphy1 a system of short hand2 the art of constructing or of using the phonograph4 ,,photog',,raphy 7,gr4 n4 phos1 phot'os1 light71 the art of producing pictures by light4 ,,stenog',,raphy 7,gr4 adj4 sten'os1 narrow71 the art of writing in short-hand4 ,,tel',,egraph 7,gr4 te'le1 at a distance71 an apparatus for conveying intelligence to a distance by means of electricity4 ,,topog',,raphy 7,gr4 n4 top'os1 a place71 the description of a particular place4 ,,typography 7,gr4 n4 tu'pos1 a type71 the art or operation of printing4 #ac4 ,,hod',,os 7'71 a way4 ,,ep',,isode1 an incidental story introduced into a poem or narrative4 ,,ex',,odus1 departure from a place2 the second book of the ,old ,testament4 ,,meth',,od1 order1 system1 way1 manner4 ,,meth',,odist1 the followers of ,john ,wesley4 7,the name has reference to the strictness of the rules of this sect of ,christians74 ,,pe',,riod 7,gr4 n4 period'os1 a passage round71 the time in which anything is performed2 a kind of sentence2 a punctuation mark4 ,,syn',,od1 a meeting of ecclesiastics4 #ad4 ,,hu',,dor 7'71 water4 ,,hy',,dra1 a water-snake2 a fabulous monster serpent slain by ,hercules4 ,,hydran',,gea1 a genus of plants remarkable for their absorption of water4 ,,hy',,drant1 a water-plug4 ,,hydrau',,lic 7,gr4 n4 au'los1 a pipe71 relating to the motion of water through pipes2 worked by water4 ,,hydrau',,lics1 the science which treats of fluids in motion4 ,,hydroceph',,alus 7,gr4 n4 keph'ale1 the head71 dropsy of the head4 ,,hy',,drogen 7,gr4 v4 gen'ein1 to beget71 a gas which with oxygen produces water4 ,,hydrog',,raphy1 the art of maritime surveying and mapping4 ,,hydrop',,athy 7,gr4 n4 path'os1 feeling71 the water-cure4 ,,hydropho',,bia 7,gr4 n4 phob'os1 fear71 literally1 dread of water2 canine madness4 ,,hy',,dropsy1 a collection of water in the body4 7,dropsy is a contraction of hydropsy74 ,,hydrostat',,ics1 the science which treats of fluids at rest4 #ae4 ,,krat',,os 771 rule1 government1 strength4 ,,aristoc',,racy 7,gr4 adj4 aris'tos1 best71 government by nobles4 ,,aris',,tocrat1 one who favors aristocracy4 ,,au',,tocrat4 ,see au'tos4 ,,democ',,racy 7,gr4 n4 de'mos1 the people71 government by the people4 ,,dem',,ocrat1 one who upholds democracy2 in the ,united ,states1 a member of the democratic party4 ,,theoc',,racy1 government of a state by divine direction1 as the ancient ,jewish state4 #af4 ,,log',,os 771 speech1 ratio1 description1 science4 ,,log',,ic1 the science and art of reasoning4 ,,logi',,cian1 one skilled in logic4 ,,log',,arithms 7,gr4 n4 arith'mos1 number71 a class of numbers that abridge arithmetical calculations4 ,,anal',,ogy1 a resemblance of ratios4 ,,ap',,ologue1 a moral fable4 ,,apol',,ogy1 a defense1 an excuse4 ,,cat',,alogue1 a list of names in order4 ,,chronol',,ogy4 7,see chronos47 ,,conchol',,ogy 7,gr4 n4 kon'chos1 a shell71 the science of shells4 ,,dec',,alogue 7,gr4 dek'a1 ten71 the ten commandments4 ,,doxol',,ogy 7,gr4 n4 doxa1 glory71 a hymn expressing glory to ,god4 ,,ec',,logue1 a pastoral poem4 ,,entomol',,ogy 7,gr4 n4 ento'ma1 insects1 and v4 tem'nein1 to cut71 the natural history of insects4 ,,ep',,ilogue1 a short poem or speech at the end of a play4 ,,etymol',,ogy 7,gr4 et'umon1 true source71 a part of grammar2 the science of the derivation of words4 ,,eu',,logy1 praise1 commendation4 ,,geneal',,ogy 7,gr4 n4 gen'os1 birth71 history of the descent of families4 ,,geol',,ogy 7,gr4 n4 g1 the earth71 the science which treats of the internal structure of the earth4 ,,mineral',,ogy1 the science of minerals4 ,,mythol',,ogy 7,gr4 n4 mu'thos1 a fable71 a system or science of fables4 ,,ornithol',,ogy 7,gr4 n4 or'nis1 or'nithos1 a bird71 the natural history of birds4 ,,pathol',,ogy 7,gr4 n4 path'os1 suffering71 that part of medicine which treats of the causes and nature of diseases4 ,,philol',,ogy 7,gr4 phil'os1 loving1 fond of71 the science which treats of languages4 ,,phrenol',,ogy 7,gr4 n4 phrn1 the mind71 the art of reading the mind from the form of the skull4 ,,physiol',,ogy 7,gr4 n4 phu'sis1 nature71 the science which treats of the organism of plants and animals4 ,,pro',,logue1 verses recited as introductory to a play4 ,,psychol',,ogy 7,gr4 n4 psu'che1 the soul71 mental philosophy2 doctrine of man's spiritual nature4 ,,syl',,logism1 a form of reasoning consisting of three propositions4 ,,tautol',,ogy 7,gr4 tau'to1 the same71 a repetition of the same idea in different words4 ,,technol',,ogy 7,gr4 n4 tech'ne1 art71 a description of the arts4 ,,theol',,ogy4 ,see theos4 ,,toxicol',,ogy 7,gr4 n4 tox'icon1 poison7 the science which treats of poisons and their effects4 ,,zool',,ogy 7,gr4 n4 zo'on1 an animal71 that part of natural history which treats of animals4 #ag4 ,,met',,ron 77 a measure4 ,,me',,ter1 arrangement of poetical feet2 a measure of length4 ,,met',,ric1 denoting measurement4 ,,met',,rical1 pertaining to meter4 ,,anemom',,eter 7,gr4 n4 an'emos1 the wind71 an instrument measuring the force and velocity of the wind4 ,,barom',,eter 7,gr4 n4 ba'ros1 weight71 an instrument that indicates changes in the weather4 ,,diam',,eter1 measure through anything4 ,,geom',,etry 7,gr4 n4 ge1 the earth71 a branch of mathematics4 ,,hexam',,eter 7,gr4 hex1 six71 a line of six poetic feet4 ,,hydrom',,eter 7,gr4 n4 hu'dor1 water71 an instrument for determining the specific gravities of liquids4 ,,hygrom',,eter 7,gr4 adj4 hu'gros1 wet71 an instrument for measuring the degree of moisture of the atmosphere4 ,,pentam',,eter 7,gr4 pen'te1 five71 a line of five poetic feet4 ,,perim',,eter1 the external boundary of a body or figure4 ,,sym',,metry1 the proportion or harmony of parts4 ,,thermom',,eter 7,gr4 adj4 ther'mos1 warm71 an instrument for measuring the heat of bodies4 ,,trigonom',,etry 7,gr4 n4 trigo'non1 a triangle71 a branch of mathematics4 #ah4 ,,mon',,os 771 sole1 alone4 ,,mon',,achism1 the condition of monks2 a monastic life4 ,,mon',,ad1 something ultimate and indivisible4 ,,mon',,astery1 a house of religious retirement4 ,,monk 7,gr4 n4 mon'achos71 a religious recluse4 ,,monog',,amy 7,gr4 n4 gam'os1 ,,marriage71 the marriage of one wife only4 ,,mon',,ologue 7,gr4 n4 log'os71 a speech uttered by a person alone4 ,,monoma',,nia 7,gr4 n4 ma'nia1 madness71 madness confined to one subject4 ,,monop',,oly 7,gr4 v4 pol'ein1 to sell71 the sole power of selling anything4 ,,monosyl',,lable1 a word of one syllable4 ,,mon',,otheism 7,gr4 n4 the'os1 ,god71 the belief in the existence of only one ,god4 ,,mon',,otone1 uniformity of tone4 ,,monot',,ony1 sameness of sound2 want of variety4 #ai4 ,o',,de 771 a song4 ,,ode1 a lyric poem4 ,,mel',,ody 7,gr4 n4 mel'os1 a song71 an agreeable succession of musical sounds4 ,,par',,ody1 the alteration of the works of an author to another subject4 ,,pros',,ody1 the study of versification4 ,,psal',,mody1 the practice of singing psalms4 ,,trag',,edy 7,gr4 n4 trag'os1 a goat#i71 a dramatic representation of a sad or calamitous event4 ,,exercise4 ,the periods of astronomy go far beyond any chronology4 ,the phonograph and the telegraph are both ,american inventions4 ,by the aid of a diagram the problem was readily solved4 ,dr4 ,holmes1 the ,autocrat of the ,breakfast ,table1 has written many parodies4 ,in the struggle between monarchy and democracy ,mexico has often been in a state of anarchy4 ,his antagonist suffered great agony from the disaster that occurred4 ,the eulogy pronounced on the great zologist ,agassiz was well deserved4 ,what is the etymological distinction between geography and geology8 ,the aeronaut took with him a barometer1 a thermometer1 and a chronometer4 ,i owe you an apology for not better knowing your genealogy4 ,typography has been well called the art preservative of all the arts4 ,who is called the great ,american lexicographer8 ,tautology is to be avoided by all who make any pretence to grammar4 ,one may be a democrat without being a demagogue4 ,you cannot be an architect without knowing geometry4 ,zoology shows that there is great symmetry in the structure of animals4 ,the pretensions of astrology are now dissipated into thin air4 ,many persons skilled in physiology do not believe in hydropathy4 ,longfellow's ,evangeline is written in hexameter1 and ,milton's ,paradise ,lost in pentameter4 #bj4 ,,on',,oma 771 a name4 ,,anon',,ymous1 without a name4 ,,meton',,ymy1 a rhetorical figure in which one word is put for another4 ,,on',,omatopoe',,ia1 the forming of words whose sound suggests the sense4 ,,paron',,ymous1 of like derivation4 ,,patronym',,ic 7,gr4 n4 pat'er1 a father71 a name derived from a parent or ancestor4 ,,pseu',,donym 7,gr4 adj4 pseu'des1 false71 a fictitious name4 ,,syn',,onym1 a word having the same meaning as another in the same language4 #ba4 ,,pan 71 71 all2 whole4 ,,panace',a 7,gr4 v4 ak'eomai1 ,i cure71 a universal cure4 ,,pan',,creas 7,gr4 n4 kre'as1 flesh71 a fleshy gland situated at the bottom of the stomach4 ,,pan',,dect1 a treatise which combines the whole of any science4 ,,panegyr',,ic 7,gr4 n4 ag'ora1 an assembly71 an oration in praise of some person or event4 ,,pan',,oply 7,gr4 n4 hop'la1 armor71 a complete suit of armor4 ,,panora',,ma 7,gr4 n4 hor'ama1 a sight or view71 a large picture gradually unrolled before an assembly4 ,,pan',,theism 7,gr4 n4 the'os1 ,god71 the doctrine that nature is ,god4 ,,pan',,theon1 a temple dedicated to all the gods4 ,,pan',,tomime1 a scene or representation in dumb show4 #bb4 ,,pa',,thos 771 suffering1 feeling4 ,,pathet',,ic1 affecting the emotions4 ,,pathol',,ogy1 the science of diseases4 ,,allop',,athy1 a mode of medical practice4 ,,antip',,athy1 dislike1 aversion4 ,,ap',,athy1 want of feeling4 ,,homeop',,athy1 a mode of medical practice4 ,,hydrop',,athy4 ,see hudor4 ,,sym',,pathy1 fellow-feeling4 #bc4 ,,phil',,os 771 a friend1 a lover4 ,,philadel',,phia 7,gr4 n4 adel'phos1 a brother71 literally1 the city of brotherly love4 ,,philanthropy 7,gr4 n4 anthro'pos1 a man71 love of mankind4 ,,philharmon',,ic 7,gr4 n4 harmo'nia1 harmony71 loving harmony or music4 ,,philos',,ophy 7,gr4 n4 sophi'a1 wisdom71 the general laws or principles belonging to any department of knowledge4 ,,philos',,opher1 one versed in philosophy or science4 ,,philosoph',,ic1 ,,philosoph',,ical1 relating to philosophy4 #bd4 ,,pha',,nein 771 to cause to appear2 ,,phanta',,sia 771 an image1 an idea4 ,,diaph',,anous1 translucent4 ,,epiph',,any1 the festival commemorative of the manifestation of ,christ by the star of ,bethlehem4 ,,fan',,cy1 a pleasing image2 a conceit or whim4 ,,fan',,ciful1 full of fancy2 abounding in wild images4 ,,fanta',,sia1 a musical composition avowedly not governed by the ordinary musical rules4 ,,phan',,tom1 a specter1 an apparation4 ,,phase1 an appearance4 ,,phenom',,enon1 anything presented to the senses by experiment or observation2 an unusual appearance4 ,,syc',,ophant 7,gr4 n4 sukon1 a fig1 and1 literally1 an informer against stealers of figs71 a mean flatterer4 #be4 ,,pho',,ne 771 a sound4 ,,phonet',,ic1 ,,phon',,ic according to sound4 ,,eu',,phony1 an agreeable sound of words4 ,,sym',,phony1 harmony of mingled sounds2 a musical composition for a full band of instruments4 #bf4 ,,phos 71 71 light4 ,,phos',,phorus 7,gr4 v4 pherein1 to bear71 a substance resembling wax1 highly inflammable1 and luminous in the dark4 ,,phos',,phate1 a salt of phosphoric acid4 ,,phosphores',,cent1 luminous in the dark4 ,,phosphor',,ic1 relating to or obtained from phosphorus4 ,,photog',,raphy4 ,see graphein4 #bg4 ,,phu',,sis 771 nature4 ,,phys',,ic1 medicines4 ,,phys',,ical1 natural2 material2 relating to the body4 ,,physi',,cian1 one skilled in the art of healing4 ,,phys',,icist1 a student of nature4 ,,phys',,ics1 natural philosophy4 ,,physiog',,nomy 7,gr4 n4 gno'mon1 a judge71 the art of discerning the character of the mind from the features of the face2 the particular cast of features or countenance4 ,,physiol',,ogy4 ,see logos4 ,,metaphys',,ics1 literally1 after or beyond physics2 hence1 the science of mind4 ,,metaphysi',,cian1 one versed in metaphysics4 #bh4 ,,pol',,is 771 a city4 ,,police'1 the body of officers employed to secure the good order of a city4 ,,pol',,icy1 the art or manner of governing a nation or conducting public affairs2 prudence4 ,,pol',,itic1 wise1 expedient4 ,,polit',,ical1 relating to politics4 ,,politi',,cian1 one devoted to politics4 ,,pol',,itics1 the art or science of government2 struggle of parties4 ,,pol',,ity1 the constitution of civil government4 ,,acrop',,olis 7,gr4 adj4 ak'ros1 high71 a citadel4 ,,cosmop',,olite 7,gr4 n4 kos'mos1 the world71 a citizen of the world4 ,,metrop',,olis 7,gr4 n4 me'ter1 a mother71 the chief city of a country4 ,,necrop',,olis 7,gr4 adj4 nek'ros1 dead71 a burial-place2 a city of the dead4 #bi4 ,,rhe',o 7'71 ,i flow1 ,i speak4 ,,rhet',,oric1 the art of composition2 the science of oratory4 ,,rhetori',,cian1 one skilled in rhetoric4 ,,rheu',,matism1 a disease of the limbs 7so called because the ancients supposed it to arise from a deflection of the humors74 ,,res',,in1 a gum which flows from certain trees4 ,,catarrh'1 a discharge of fluid from the nose caused by cold in the head4 ,,diarrhoe',a1 purging4 ,,hem',,orrhage 7,gr4 n4 haima1 blood71 a flowing of blood4 #cj4 ,,skop',,ein 771 to see1 to watch4 ,,scope1 space1 aim1 intention4 ,,bish',,op 7,gr4 n4 epis'kopos1 overseer71 a clergyman who has charge of a diocese4 ,,epis',,copacy1 church government by bishops4 ,,epis',,copal1 relating to episcopacy4 ,,kalei',,doscope 7,gr4 adj4 kal'os1 beautiful71 an optical instrument in which we see an endless variety of beautiful patterns by simple change of position4 ,,mi',,croscope 7,gr4 adj4 mik'ros1 small71 an instrument for examining small objects4 ,,micros',,copist1 one skilled in the use of the microscope4 ,,steth',,oscope 7,gr4 n4 steth'os1 the breast71 an instrument for examining the state of the chest by sound4 ,,tel',,escope 7,gr4 te'le1 afar off71 an instrument for viewing objects far off4 #ca4 ,,tak',,tos 771 arranged2 ,,tax',,is 771 arrangement4 ,,tac',,tics1 the evolution1 maneuvers1 etc41 of military and naval forces2 the science or art which relates to these4 ,,tacti',,cian1 one skilled in tactics4 ,,syn',,tax1 the arrangement of words into sentences4 ,,syntac',,tical1 relating to syntax4 ,,tax',,idermy 7,gr4 n4 der'ma1 skin71 the art of preparing and arranging the skins of animals in their natural appearance4 ,,tax',,idermist1 one skilled in taxidermy4 #cb4 ,,tech',,ne 771 art4 ,,tech',,nical1 relating to an art or profession4 ,,technical',,ity1 a technical expression2 that which is technical4 ,,technol',,ogy1 a treatise on or description of the arts4 ,,technol',,ogist1 one skilled in technology4 ,,polytech',,nic 7,gr4 adj4 pol'us1 many71 comprising many arts4 ,,pyr',,otechny 7,gr4 n4 pur1 fire71 the art of making fireworks4 #cc4 ,,the',,os 771 ,god4 ,,the',,ism1 belief in the existence of a ,god4 ,,theo',,cracy4 7,see kratos47 ,,theo',,logy4 7,see logos47 ,,apotheo',,sis1 glorification1 deification4 ,a',,theism1 disbelief in the existence of ,god4 ,a',,theist1 one who does not believe in the existence of ,god4 ,,enthu',,siasm1 heat of imagination2 ardent zeal4 ,,pan',,theism4 7,see pan47 ,,pol',,ytheism 7,gr4 adj4 polus1 many71 the doctrine of a plurality of ,gods4 #cd4 ,,tith',,eni 771 to place1 to set4 ,,theme1 a subject set forth for discussion4 ,,the',,sis1 a proposition set forth for discussion4 ,,anath',,ema1 an ecclesiastical curse4 ,,antithesis1 opposition or contrast in words or deeds4 ,,hypoth',,esis1 a supposition4 ,,paren',,thesis1 something inserted in a sentence which is complete without it4 ,,syn',,thesis1 a putting together1 as opposed to analysis4 #ce4 ,,ton',,os 771 tension1 tone4 ,,tone1 tension1 vigor1 sound4 ,,ton',,ic1 adj4 increasing tension or vigor2 n4 a medicine which increases strength4 ,,tune1 a series of musical notes on a particular key4 ,,attune'1 to make musical2 to make one sound agree with another4 ,,bar',,ytone 7,gr4 adj4 ba'rus1 heavy71 a male voice4 ,,diaton',,ic1 proceeding by tones and semitones4 ,,in',,tonate1 to sound2 to modulate the voice4 ,,intone'1 to give forth a slow1 protracted sound4 ,,sem',,itone1 half a tone4 ,,review ,,exercise ,,on ,,greek ,,derivatives4 #a4 ,derivation of antithesis8--,compose an example of an antithesis4--,point out the antithesis in the following3-- ,the prodigal robs his heir2 the miser robs himself4 ,a wit with dunces and a dunce with wits4 ,though deep1 yet clear1 though gentle1 yet not dull1 ,strong without rage1 without o'erflowing1 full4 #b4 ,derivation of hypothesis4--,give an adjective formed from this noun4--,what ,latin derivative corresponds literally to hypothesis8 ,ans4 ,supposition4--,show this4 ,ans4 ,supposition is composed of sub hypo 7under71 and position 7from ponere1 to place7 thesis1 a placing--,what adjective from supposition would correspond to hypothetical8 ,ans4 ,supposititious4 #c4 ,derivation of parenthesis8--,compose a parenthetical sentence4 #d4 ,what is the opposite of synthesis8--,give the distinction ,ans4 ,analysis is taking apart1 synthesis is putting together--,what adjective is derived from the noun synthesis8 #e4 ,what adjective is formed from demagogue8 ,ans4 ,demagogic or demagogical--,define it--,compose a sentence containing the word demagogue4 ,,model3 ,aaron ,burr1 to gain popularity1 practiced the arts of a demagogue4 #f4 ,what adjective is formed from pedagogue8 ,ans4 ,pedagogic--,what would the pedagogic art mean8--,is pedagogue usually employed in a complimentary sense8--,give a synonym of pedagogue in its literal sense4 #g4 ,derivation of anarchy8--,compose a sentence containing this word4 ,,model3 ,many of the ,south ,american ,states have long been cursed by anarchy4 #h4 ,what adjective is formed from monarchy8 ,ans4 ,monarchical--,define it4--,can you mention a country at present ruled by a monarchical government8--,what is the ruler of a monarchy called8 #i4 ,compose a sentence containing the word oligarchy4 ,,model3 ,during the ,middle ,ages some of the ,italian republics1 as ,genoa and ,venice1 were under the rule of an oligarchy4 #aj4 ,from what root is democracy derived8--,what adjective is formed from democracy8--,is ,russia at present a democracy8--,can you mention any ancient governments that for a time were democracies8 #aa4 ,what adjective is formed fiom aristocracy8--,what noun will denote one who believes in aristocracy8 ,ans4 ,aristocrat--,what does aristocrat ordinarily mean8 ,ans4 ,a proud or haughty person who holds himself above the common people4 #ab4 ,what is the etymology of thermometer8 #ac4 ,illustrate the meaning of chronometer by using it in a sentence4 #ad4 ,what adjective is formed from diameter8 ,ans4 ,diametrical--,what adverb is formed from diametrical8--,what is meant by the expression diametrically opposed8 #ae4 ,what science was the forerunner of astronomy8 ,ans4 ,astrology--,give the derivative of this word4--,what word denotes one who is skilled in astronomy8--,form an adjective from astronomy4--,compose a sentence containing the word astronomy4 ,,model3 ,the three great founders of astronomy are ,copernicus1 ,kepler1 and ,newton4 #af4 ,from what root is telescope derived8--,combine and define telescop ic4--,compose a sentence using the word telescope4 #ag4 ,from what root is microscope derived8--,combine and define microscop ic4--,what single word denotes microscopic animals8 ,ans4 ,animalcul4--,compose a sentence containing the word microscope4 ,,model3 ,as the telescope reveals the infinitely distant1 so the microscope reveals the infinitely little4 #ah4 ,compose a sentence containing the word antipathy4 ,,model3 ,that we sometimes have antipathies which we cannot explain is well illustrated in the lines3 ',the reason why ,i cannot tell1 ,i do not like you1 ,dr4 ,fell4' #ai4 ,what adjective is formed from apathy8 #bj4 ,derivation of sympathy8--,give a synonym of this ,greek derivative4 ,ans4 ,compassion4--,show why they are literal synonyms4 ,ans4 ,sym con or com1 and pathy passion2 hence1 compassion sympathy4--,give an ,english derivative expressing the same thing4 ,ans4 ,fellow-feeling4 #ba4 ,from what two roots is autocrat derived8--,form an adjective from autocrat4--,who is the present autocrat of all the ,russias8--,could the ,queen of ,england be called an autocrat8--,why not8 #bb4 ,compose a sentence containing the word autograph4 ,,model3 ,there are only two or three autographs of ,shakespeare in existence4 #bc4 ,derivation of automaton8--,illustrate the signification of the word by a sentence4 #bd4 ,what word would denote a remedy for all the ills that flesh is heir to8--,compose a sentence containing the word panacea4 #be4 ,derivation of panoply8--,in the following sentence is panoply used in a literal or a figurative sense8 ,we had need to take the ,christian panoply1 to put on the whole armor of ,god4 #bf4 ,from what two roots is pantheism derived8--,what word is used to denote one who believes in pantheism8 #bg4 ,can you mention an ancient religion in which there were many gods8--,each divinity might have its own temple2 but what name would designate a temple dedicated to all the gods8 #bh4 ,give an adjective formed from the word panorama4--,compose a sentence using the word panorama4 #bi4 ,what is the derivative of eulogy8--,illustrate its meaning by a sentence4--,form an adjective from eulogy4 #cj4 ,what is the etymology of pseudonym8--,give an example of a pseudonym4 ,,division ,,ii4--,,additional ,,greek ,,roots ,,and ,,their ,,derivatives4 ,,ach',,os1 pain--ache1 headache4 ,,ainig',,ma1 a riddle--enigma4 ,,ak',,me1 a point--acme4 ,,akou',,ein1 to hear--acoustics4 ,,ak',,ros1 high--acropolis 7polis74 ,,allel',,on1 each other--parallel1 parallelogram4 ,,an',,er1 a man--,andrew1 ,alexander4 ,,an',,thos1 a flower--anther1 anthology1 polyanthus4 ,,anthro',,pos1 a man--anthropology1 anthropophagi1 misanthrope1 philanthropist1 philanthropy4 ,,ark',,tos1 a bear--arctic1 antarctic4 ,,ar',,gos1 idle--lethargy1 lethargic4 ,,aris',,tos1 best--aristocrat 7kratos71 aristocracy1 aristocratic4 ,,arith',,mos1 number--arithmetic1 arithmetician1 logarithm1 logarithmic4 ,,aro',,ma1 spice1 odor--aromatic4 ,,arte',,ria1 a bloodvessel--artery1 arterial4 ,,ask',,ein1 to discipline--ascetic1 asceticism4 ,,asphal',,tos1 pitch--asphalt4 ,,ath',,los1 a contest--athlete1 athletic4 ,,at',,mos1 vapor1 smoke--atmosphere1 atmospheric4 ,,au',,los1 a pipe--hydraulic4 ,,bal',,samon1 balsam--balm1 embalm4 ,,ba',,ros1 weight--barometer1 barytes4 ,,ba',,sis1 the bottom--base1 baseless1 basement1 basis4 ,,bib',,lion1 a book--bible1 biblical4 ,,bi',,os1 life--biography1 biology4 ,,bo',,tane1 a plant--botanic1 botanical1 botanist1 botany4 ,,bron',,chos1 the throat--bronchial1 bronchitis4 ,,bus',,sos1 bottom--abyss4 ,,cha',,lups1 steel--chalybeate4 ,,charas',,sein1 to stamp--character1 characterize1 characteristic4 ,,cha',,ris1 grace--eucharist4 ,,cheir1 the hand--surgeon 7short for chirurgeon71 surgical4 ,,chlo',,ros1 green--chloride1 chlorine ,,chol',e1 bile--choler1 cholera1 choleraic1 melancholy4 ,,chor',,de1 a string--chord1 cord1 cordage4 ,,chris',,tos1 anointed--chrism1 ,christ1 ,christian1 ,christmas1 ,christendom1 antichrist4 ,,chro',,ma1 color--chromatic1 chrome1 chromic1 chromotype1 achromatic4 ,,chru',,sos1 gold--chrysalis1 chrysolite4 ,,chu',,los1 the milky juice formed by digestion--chyle1 chylifaction4 ,,chu',,mos1 juice--chyme1 chemist1 chemistry1 alchemy1 alchemist4 ,,dai',,mon1 a spirit--demon1 demoniac1 demonology4 ,,de',,mos1 the people--demagogue1 democracy1 democrat1 endemic1 epidemic4 ,,den',,dron1 a tree--dendrology1 rhododendron4 ,,der',,ma1 the skin--epidermis4 ,,des',,potes1 a ruler--despot1 despotic1 despotism4 ,,diai',,ta1 manner of life--diet1 dietary1 dietetic4 ,,dido',,ni1 to give--dose1 antidote1 anecdote4 ,,dog',,ma1 an opinion--dogma1 dogmatic1 dogmatize1 dogmatism4 ,,dox',a1 an opinion1 glory--doxology1 heterodox1 orthodox1 paradox4 ,,dram',a1 a stage-play--drama1 dramatic1 dramatist4 ,,drom',,os1 a course--dromedary1 hippodrome4 ,,drus1 an oak--dryad4 ,,duna',,thai1 to be able--dynamics1 dynamical1 dynasty4 ,,dus1 ill1 wrong--dysentery 7entera1 the bowels71 dyspepsia 7peptein1 to digest74 ,,ekkle',,sia1 the church--ecclesiastes1 ecclesiastic1 ecclesiastical4 ,e',,chein1 to sound--echo1 catechise1 catechism1 catechumen4 ,,eklei',,pein1 to fail--eclipse1 ecliptic4 ,,elek',,tron1 amber--electric1 electricity1 electrify1 electrotype4 ,,em',,ein1 to vomit--emetic4 ,,ep',,os1 a word--epic1 orthoepy4 ,,er',,emos1 desert1 solitary--hermit1 hermitage4 ,,er',,gon1 a work--energy1 energetic1 surgeon 7cheir1 the hand74 ,,eth',,nos1 a nation--ethnic1 ethnical1 ethnography1 ethnology4 ,,eth',,os1 custom1 manner--ethics1 ethical4 ,,eu1 good1 well--eulogy1 eulogize1 euphony1 evangelical4 ,,gam',,os1 marriage--bigamy1 polygamy1 misogamist4 ,,gas',,ter1 the stomach--gastric1 gastronomy4 ,,ge1 the earth--geography1 geology1 geological1 geometry1 ,george1 apogee1 perigee4 ,,gen',,naein1 to produce--genealogy1 genesis1 heterogeneous1 homogeneous1 hydrogen1 nitrogen1 oxygen4 ,,gignos',,kein1 to know--diagnosis1 diagnostic1 prognosticate4 ,,glos',,sa1 ,,glot',,ta1 the tongue--glossary1 glottis1 polyglot4 ,,glu',,phein1 to carve--hieroglyphics4 ,,gno',,mon1 an indicator--gnomon1 physiognomy 7phusis74 ,,go',,nia1 a corner--diagonal1 heptagon1 hexagon1 octagon1 trigonometry4 ,,gum',,nos1 naked--gymnasium1 gymnast1 gymnastics4 ,,hai',,rein1 to take or choose--heresy1 heretic1 heretical4 ,,harmo',,nia1 a fitting together--harmony1 harmonious1 harmonize1 harmonium4 ,,hek',,aton1 a hundred--hecatomb4 ,,he',,lios1 the sun--heliotrope1 aphelion1 perihelion4 ,,he',,mera1 a day--ephemeral4 ,,hep',,ta1 seven--heptagon1 heptarchy4 ,,he',,ros1 a hero--hero1 heroic1 heroine1 heroism4 ,,het',,eros1 another1 unlike--heterodox1 heterodoxy1 heterogeneous4 ,,hex1 six--hexagon1 hexangular4 ,,hi',,eros1 sacred--hierarchy1 hieroglyphics 7glyphein1 to carve74 ,,hip',,pos1 a horse--hippodrome1 hippopotamus1 ,philip1 philippic4 ,,hol',,os1 all--holocaust1 holograph1 catholic1 catholicity4 ,,hom',,os1 like1 the same--homogeneous 7gennaein1 to produce74 ,,hor',,os1 a boundary--horizon1 aphorism4 ,,hu',,men1 the god of marriage--hymeneal4 ,,hum',,nos1 a song of praise--hymn1 hymnal1 hynmology4 ,,ich',,thus1 a fish--ichthyology4 ,,id',,ea1 a form or pattern--idea1 ideal4 ,,id',,ios1 peculiar--idiom1 idiosyncrasy1 idiot1 idiotic4 ,,is',,os1 equal--isothermal4 ,,kai',,ein1 to burn--caustic1 cauterize1 holocaust 7holos1 whole74 ,,ka',,kos1 bad--cacophony4 ,,ka',,los1 beautiful--caligraphy1 calotype1 kaleidoscope 7skopein74 ,,kal',,uptein1 to conceal--apocalypse4 ,,kan',,on1 a rule--canon1 canonical1 canonize4 ,,kar',,dia1 the heart--cardiac1 pericardium4 ,,ken',,os1 empty--cenotaph4 ,,keph',,ale1 the head--acephalous1 hydrocephalus 7hydor74 ,,ker',,as1 a horn--rhinoceros4 ,,kle',,ros1 a portion--clergy1 clerical1 clerk1 clerkship4 ,,kli',,max1 a ladder--climax4 ,,kli',,nein1 to bend--clinical1 recline4 ,,ko',,mos1 a merry feast--comedy1 7od71 comedian1 comic1 encomium4 ,,ko',,nein1 to serve--deacon1 deaconship1 diaconal1 diaconate4 ,,ko',,nos1 ,lat4 ,,conus1 a cone--cone1 conic1 conical1 coniferous1 coniform4 ,,kop',,tein1 to cut--coppice1 copse1 syncope4 ,,kos',,mos1 the world--cosmography1 cosmopolitan4 ,,kri',,tes1 a judge--crisis1 criterion1 critic1 critical1 criticism1 hypocrite4 ,,krup',,tein1 to conceal--crypt1 apocrypha4 ,,krustal',,los1 ice--crystal1 crystallize4 ,,kuk',,los1 a circle--cycle1 encyclical1 cyclops1 cyclades1 encyclopedia4 ,,kulin',,dros1 a roller--cylinder4 ,,lam',,banein1 to take--syllable1 dissyllable1 polysyllable4 ,,lam',,pein1 to shine--lamp4 ,,la',,os1 the people--layman1 laity4 ,,latrei',a1 worship--idolatry1 heliolatry4 ,,lith',,os1 a stone--litharge1 lithograph1 arolite4 ,,lu',,ein1 to loosen--analysis1 paralysis1 paralytic1 palsy4 ,,man',,ia1 madness--mania1 maniac4 ,,mar',,tur1 a witness--martyr1 martyrdom1 martyrology4 ,,mel',,as1 black--melancholy1 ,melanesia4 ,,me',,ter1 a mother--metropolis4 ,,mik',,ros1 small--microcosm1 microscope1 microscopic4 ,,mi',,mos1 an imitator--mimic1 mimicry1 pantomime4 ,,mor',,phe1 shape--amorphous1 metamorphosis4 ,,mu',,rias1 ten thousand--myriad4 ,,mu',,thos1 a fable--myth1 mythology4 ,,nar',,ke1 torpor--narcissus1 narcotic4 ,,naus1 a ship--nausea1 nauseate1 nautical1 nautilus1 aronaut4 ,,nek',,ros1 dead--necropolis4 ,,ne',,sos1 an island--,polynesia4 ,,nom',,os1 a law--astronomy1 ,deuteronomy1 economy 7oikos1 a house71 economic4 ,,ol',,igos1 few--oligarchy 7arche74 ,,or',,phanos1 deserted--orphan1 orphanage4 ,,or',,thos1 right1 straight--orthodox1 orthoepy1 orthography4 ,,paidei',a1 instruction--cyclopdia4 ,,pais1 a child--pedagogue1 pedant1 pedantic1 pedobaptist4 ,,pap',,as1 ,lat4 ,,papa1 a father--papacy1 pope1 popedom1 popery4 ,,paradei',,sos1 a pleasant garden--paradise4 ,,pat',,ein1 to walk--peripatetic4 ,,pen',,te1 five--pentagon1 pentecost4 ,,pet',,ra1 a rock--,peter1 petrescent1 petrify1 petroleum1 saltpeter4 ,,phob',,os1 fear--hydrophobia 7hudor1 water74 ,,phra',,sis1 speech--phrase1 phraseology1 paraphrase4 ,,phren1 the mind--phrenology1 frantic1 frenzy4 ,,phu',,ton1 a plant--zoophyte4 ,,pla',,naein1 to wander--planet1 planetary4 ,,plas',,sein1 to mould--plaster1 plastic4 ,,pleu',,ra1 the side--pleurisy4 ,,pneu',,ma1 breath1 spirit--pneumatic4 ,,po',,lein1 to sell--bibliopolist1 monopoly1 monopolize4 ,,pol',,us1 many--polygamy1 polyglot1 polysyllable1 polytechnic4 ,,por',,os1 a passage--pore1 porosity1 porous1 emporium4 ,,pot',,amos1 a river--hippopotamus4 ,,pous1 the foot--antipodes1 polypus1 tripod4 ,,pras',,sein1 to do--practice1 practical1 practitioner1 impracticable4 ,,presbu',,teros1 elder--presbytery1 presbyterian1 presbyterianism4 ,,pro',,tos1 first--protomartyr4 ,,psal',,lein1 to touch1 to sing--psalm1 psalmist1 psalmody1 psalter4 ,,pur1 fire--pyramid1 pyrotechny4 ,,rhin1 the nose--rhinoceros4 ,,rhod',,on1 a rose --rhododendron4 ,,sarx1 flesh--sarcasm1 sarcastic1 sarcophagus4 ,,sched',e1 a sheet--schedule4 ,,sche',,ma1 a plan--scheme4 ,,schis',,ma1 a division--schism1 schismatic4 ,,sit',,os1 corn--parasite1 parasitical4 ,,skan',,dalon1 disgrace--scandal1 scandalous1 scandalize1 slander1 slanderous4 ,,skeptes',,thai1 to consider--sceptic1 sceptical1 scepticism4 ,,skep',,tron1 an emblem of office--scepter4 ,,soph',,ia1 wisdom--sophist1 sophistry1 philosopher 7philos71 philosophy4 ,,sphai',,ra1 a globe--sphere1 spherical1 spheroid1 hemisphere4 ,,stal',,aein1 to drop--stalactite1 stalagmite4 ,,stel',,lein1 to send--apostle1 apostolic1 epistle1 epistolary4 ,,sten',,os1 narrow--stenography4 ,,sthen',,os1 strength--calisthenics4 ,,stig',,ma1 a mark--stigma1 stigmatize4 ,,strat',,os1 an army--stratagem1 strategy1 strategist4 ,,stroph',e1 a turning--apostrophe1 catastrophe4 ,,ta',,phos1 a tomb--epitaph1 cenotaph4 ,,tau',,to1 the same--tautology4 ,,tek',,ton1 a builder--architect4 ,,te',,le1 far off--telegraph1 telescope4 ,,tem',,nein1 to cut--atom1 anatomy1 anatomist4 ,,tet',,ra1 four--tetragon1 tetrarch4 ,,ther',,me1 heat--thermal4 ,,thron',,os1 a throne--throne1 enthrone4 ,,top',,os1 a place--topography4 ,,trep',,ein1 to turn--trope1 tropic1 tropical1 heliotrope4 ,,tu',,pos1 a stamp--type1 typography1 prototype4 ,,turan',,nos1 a ruler--tyrant1 tyrannical1 tyrannize1 tyranny4 ,,zein1 to boil--zeal1 zealous4 ,,zephu',,ros1 the west wind--zephyr4 ,,zo',,on1 an animal--zodiac1 zoology1 zoological1 zophyte4 ,,part ,,iv4--,,the ,,anglo-,,saxon ,,element4 ,i4--,,anglo-,,saxon ,,prefixes4 ,a--7corrupted from ,a4-,s4 on7 signifies in1 on1 at3 as abed1 aboard1 aside1 aback2 and gives the adverbial form to adjectives1 as in aloud1 aboard4 ,,be--gives a transitive signification1 as in bespeak4 ,it is sometimes intensive1 as in bestir1 and converts an adjective into a verb1 as in bedim4 ,be1 as a form of by1 also denotes proximity1 as in beside3 as bystander4 ,,for#aj--means privation1 or opposition3 as forbear1 forbid1 forget4 ,,fore--before3 as foretell1 forebode4 ,,mis--error1 wrongness3 as mistake1 misstate1 misinform4 ,n--has a negative signification1 as in many languages3 thus1 never1 neither1 none4 ,,off--from offspring4 ,,out--beyond3 as outdo1 outlaw4 ,,over--above3 as overhang1 overflow1 overturn4 ,,to--in to-day1 to-morrow4 ,,un--not1 the reverse3 as1 unskilled1 unlearned4 ,,under--beneath3 as undermine4 ,,with--against 7,german wider73 as withstand4 ,,ii4--,,anglo-,,saxon ,,suffixes4 ,,ar1 ,,ard1 ,,er1 ,,yer1 ,,ster#aa--signifying agent or doer2 as in beggar1 drunkard1 beginner1 lawyer1 spinster4 ,er forms verbs of adjectives1 as lower1 from low1 and also forms the comparatives of adjectives4 ,,ess1 as in songstress1 is borrowed from the ,french4 ,,dom1 ,,ship1 ,,ric1 ,,wic--from dom1 judgment2 ship1 shape or condition2 ric1 rice1 power2 wic1 a dwelling--signify state1 condition1 quality1 etc41 as in kingdom1 friendship1 bishopric1 ,berwick4 ,,el1 ,,kin 7 chen1 ,german71 ,,let 7from ,french71 ,,ling1 ,,ock--have a diminutive effect1 as in manikin1 streamlet1 youngling1 hillock1 cockerel4 ,,en--adjective termination1 as wooden1 from wood2 it also converts adjectives into verbs1 as deepen from deep4 ,,fold--from fealdan1 to fold2 a numeral termination1 like ple1 from the ,latin plico1 ,i fold4 ,,ful--full2 truthful4 ,,hood1 ,,ness--of uncertain derivation1 signify state1 etc41 as in priesthood1 righteousness4 ,,ish--isc 7,saxon71 isch 7,german71 denotes a quality2 like rakish1 knavish1 churlish1 ,danish4 ,ish is also employed as a diminutive--blackish4 ,,less--loss3 as penniless1 hopeless4 ,,like and ,,ly--like2 lic 7,a4-,s473 as warlike1 manly4 ,,some--sum 7,a4-,s471 sam 7,german71 lonesome1 handsome4 ,,teen--ten1 as in fourteen4 ,,ty--from tig 7,a4-,s 71 ten2 zig 7,german71 as in six-ty4 ,teen adds ten--ty multiplies by ten4 ,,ward--weard1 wrts 7,german71 versus 7,latin71 against1 direction1 towards2 downward1 eastward4 ,,wise--wisa1 manner2 likewise4 ,y--ig1 an adjective termination2 dreorig 7,a4-,s471 dreary4 ,,anglo-,,saxon ,,roots ,,and ,,english ,,derivatives4 ,the pronunciation of ,anglo-,saxon is much nearer to that of modern ,german or the ,continental pronunciation of ,latin than of modern ,english4 ,the letters of the alphabet wanting in ,anglo-,saxon are3 j1 k1 q1 v1 and z4 ,k is commonly represented by c2 thus1 cyning 7king7 is pronounced kining2 cyrtel1 kirtle2 qu is represented by cw1 as cwic1 quick2 cwen1 queen2 cwellan1 to quell2 th is represented by two peculiar characters1 one of which in its reduced form resembles y1 as in ye olden times1 where ye should be pronounced the1 and not ye1 as is often ignorantly done4 ,long vowels should be carefully distinguished from short vowels4 ,long vowels are a as far1 ae as in fare1 e as in they1 i as in pique1 o as in bone1 u as in rule1 y as in i 7nearly74 ,short vowels are a as in fast1 ae as in man1 e as in men1 i as in pin1 o as in ,god1 u as in full1 y as in i 7nearly74 ,in the diphthongs ea1 eo1 and ie1 the first element receives the stress2 the second is pronounced very lightly4 ,there are no silent letters in ,anglo-,saxon as in modern ,english4 ,the vowel of every syllable is pronounced1 and in difficult combinations of consonants1 as in hlud1 loud1 cniht1 knight1 cnif1 knife1 each consonant has its distinct sound4 ,e before a and o has the sound of y as a consonant2 i before e and u has the same sound3 thus1 ,earl yarl2 eow you2 iett yett2 and igoth ygoth1 youth4 ,,ac1 an oak--oak1 oaken4 ,,acsian1 to inquire--ask4 ,,cer1 a field--acre1 acreage4 ,r1 before--early1 ere1 erelong1 erst4 ,,aft1 hind-part--after1 abaft4 ,,gan1 to have--owe1 own1 owner1 ought1 disown4 ,,arisan1 to arise--raise1 rise1 rouse4 ,b,,can1 to bake--baker1 bakery1 bakehouse1 batch4 ,b,c1 back--backbite1 backslide1 backward1 aback4 ,b,,lg1 a bag4 ,,bald1 bold1 brave--bold1 boldness4 ,b,,na1 death--bane1 baneful1 henbane4 ,,banc1 a bank or raised place--bank1 banker1 bankrupt1 bankruptcy1 bench1 embankment4 ,,beacnian1 to beckon--beck1 beckon1 beacon4 ,,bellan1 to roar--bawl1 bellow4 ,,beorgan1 to protect--borough1 borrow1 burgh1 burglar1 burrow1 harbinger1 harbor1 berth4 ,,beorht1 bright--bright4 ,,beran1 to bear1 to bring forth--barrow1 bear1 bier1 birth4 ,,bidan1 to wait--abide4 ,,biddan1 to pray1 to bid--bid1 bidding1 bead1 beadsman1 beadle1 forbid1 unbidden4 ,,bindan1 to bind--band1 bond1 bondage1 bundle4 ,,bl,c1 pale--bleach1 bleacher1 bleak1 bleakness4 ,,blawan1 to blow--blade1 bladder1 blast1 blaze1 blazon1 blister1 blossom1 blow1 blush1 bluster4 ,,bletsian1 to bless--bless1 blessing4 ,,br,d1 broad--broad1 breadth1 board1 aboard4 ,,br,,can1 to break--bray 7to pound71 breach1 breaker1 breakfast1 brink1 broken4 ,,breost1 the breast--breast1 breastplate1 breastwork1 abreast4 ,,bre,,wan1 to brew--brew1 brewer1 brewery4 ,,brucan1 to use--broker1 brokerage1 brook 7to endure74 ,,buan1 to cultivate--boor1 boorish1 neighbor1 neighborhood4 ,,bugan1 to bow or bend--bay1 bight1 bough1 bow1 buxom1 elbow4 ,,byldan1 to design1 to make--build1 builder1 building4 ,,byrnan1 to burn--brand1 brandish1 brandy1 brimstone1 brown1 brunt1 auburn1 firebrand4 ,c,,lan1 to cool--chill1 chilblain4 ,,ceapian1 to buy--cheap1 cheapen1 cheapness1 chaffer1 chapman4 ,c,,nnan1 to produce--kin1 kind1 kindness1 kindred1 akin1 mankind4 ,,ceorl1 a churl--carle1 churlish4 ,,cl,,ne1 clean--clean1 cleanly1 cleanliness1 cleanse1 unclean4 ,,cl,,th1 cloth--clothe1 clothier1 clothing1 clad1 unclad4 ,,cle,,fan1 to cleave2 ,,clifian1 to adhere--cleaver1 cliff1 clover1 club4 ,,cnafa1 a boy--knave1 knavery4 ,,cn,,wan1 to know--knowledge1 acknowledge1 foreknow1 unknown4 ,,cnyll1 a loud noise--knell4 ,,cnyttan1 to knit--knitting1 knot1 knotty1 net1 network4 ,,cracian1 to crack2 ,,cearcian1 to creak--crack1 crackle1 creak1 cricket1 croak1 screech1 shriek4 ,,cuman1 to come--comely1 comeliness1 become1 overcome1 welcome4 ,,cunnan1 to know1 to be powerful--can1 con1 cunning1 keen4 ,,cwellan1 to slay--kill1 quell4 ,d,g1 a day--dawn1 daylight1 day-star1 daisy day's eye4 ,d,l1 a part--deal1 dole1 ordeal4 ,d,,man1 to think--deem4 ,,deor1 a wild animal--deer4 ,,deore1 dusky or black--dark1 darken1 darkly1 darkness4 ,,dic1 a dyke--dig1 ditch1 ditcher4 ,,disc1 a plate--desk1 disc1 dish4 ,d,m1 judgment--doom1 doomsday4 ,d,n1 to do--doer1 deed1 undo4 ,,dragan1 to draw--drag1 draggle1 drain1 draught1 draughtsman1 draw1 dray4 ,,drifan1 to drive--drift1 driver1 drove4 ,,drigan1 to dry--drysalter1 drought1 drug 7originally dried plants71 druggist4 ,,drincan1 to suck in--drench1 drink1 drunk1 drunkard1 drunken4 ,,drypan1 to drip or drop--drip1 drop1 droop1 dribble1 drivel4 ,,dwinan1 to pine--dwindle1 dwine4 ,,dyn1 a noise--din1 dun4 ,,eage1 the eye--eye1 eyeball1 eye-bright1 eyelid4 ,,eald1 old--alderman1 earl4 ,,efen1 just--even1 evenness4 ,,erian1 to plough1 to ear--earth1 earthy1 earthquake4 ,,faeger1 bright--fair1 fairness4 ,f,,er1 fear--fearful1 fearless4 ,,faran1 to go--fare1 farewell1 ferry1 ford1 seafaring1 wayfarer4 ,,fedan1 to feed--feed1 feeder1 fodder1 food1 father1 fatherly4 ,,feond1 an enemy--fiend1 fiendish4 ,,fle,,gan1 to fly--flag1 flake1 fledge1 flee1 flicker1 flight4 ,,fle,,tan1 to float--float1 fleet4 ,,fl,,wan1 to flow--flood1 flow4 ,,folgian1 to go after--follow4 ,f,n1 to seize --fang1 finger4 ,f,t1 the foot--foot1 fetter1 fetlock4 ,,fre,n1 to love--free1 freedom1 friend1 friendship4 ,,fretan1 to gnaw--fret1 fretful4 ,,fugel1 a bird--fowl1 fowler1 fowling-piece4 ,f,l1 unclean--filth1 filthy1 foul1 fulsome4 ,,fullian1 to whiten--full 7to scour and thicken cloth in a mill71 fuller1 fuller's-earth4 ,f,r1 fire--fiery1 fireworks1 bonfire4 ,,gabban1 to mock--gabble1 gibe1 gibberish1 jabber4 ,,galan1 to sing--nightingale4 ,,gangan1 to go--gang1 gangway4 ,g,,st1 a ghost--gas1 ghastly1 ghost1 ghostly1 aghast4 ,,geard1 an enclosure --garden1 orchard1 yard4 ,,geotan1 to pour--gush1 gut4 ,,gerefa1 a governor--grieve 7an overseer71 sheriff1 sheriffdom4 ,,getan1 to get--get1 beget1 begotten1 forget1 forgetful4 ,,gifan1 to give--give1 gift1 forgive1 forgiveness1 misgive1 unforgiven4 ,,glowan1 to glow--glow1 glowing4 ,g,d1 good--gospel1 gossip4 ,,gr,s1 grass--grass1 graze1 grazier4 ,,grafan1 to dig--grave1 graver1 graft1 groove1 grove1 grub1 engrave4 ,,grapian1 to grapple2 ,,gr,,pan1 to gripe2 ,,gropian1 to grope--grapple1 grapnel1 gripe1 grope1 group1 grovel4 ,,greot1 dust--gritty1 groats4 ,,gr,,wan1 to grow--grow1 growth4 ,,gr,,nd1 the ground--ground1 groundless1 groundsel1 groundwork4 ,,habban1 to have--have1 haft1 behave1 behavior1 misbehave4 ,h,,ge1 a hedge--haw1 hawthorn4 ,h,l1 sound1 whole--hail1 hale1 heal1 health1 healthful1 healthy1 holy1 holiness1 whole1 wholesome4 ,h,m1 a dwelling--hamlet1 home1 homely1 homeliness4 ,,hangian1 to hang--hang1 hanger1 hinge1 unhinge1 overhang4 ,h,t1 heat--heat1 heater1 hot4 ,,healdan1 to hold--halt1 halter1 hilt1 hold1 behold1 uphold1 upholsterer1 withhold4 ,,heard1 hard--harden1 hardihood1 hardship1 hardware1 hardy4 ,,hebban1 to lift--heap1 heave1 heaven1 heavy1 upheaval4 ,h,,dan1 to heed--heed1 heedful1 heedfulness1 heedless1 heedlessness4 ,,heorte1 the heart--hearten1 heartless1 hearty1 heartburn1 heart's-ease1 dishearten4 ,,hl,f1 bread--loaf4 ,,hleapan1 to leap--leap1 overleap1 elope1 elopement4 ,,hol1 a hole--hole1 hold 7of a ship71 hollow1 hollowness4 ,,hristlan1 to make quick sounds--rustle1 rustling4 ,,huntian1 to rush--hunt1 hunter1 huntsman4 ,h,s1 house--housewife1 husband1 hustings4 ,,hweorfan1 to turn--swerve1 wharf4 ,h,,ran1 to hear--hear1 hearer1 hearsay4 ,l,,dan1 to lead--lead1 leader1 loadstar1 loadstone1 mislead4 ,l,,fan1 to leave--left1 eleven1 twelve4 ,l,,ran1 to teach--learn1 learner1 learning1 lore1 unlearned4 ,,lang1 long--long1 length1 lengthen1 lengthy1 linger4 ,,lecgan1 to lay--lay1 layer1 lair1 law1 lawful1 lawless1 lea1 ledge1 ledger1 lie1 low1 lowly1 outlaw4 ,,leofian1 ,,lybban1 to live--live1 lively1 livelihood1 livelong1 alive1 outlive4 ,,leoht1 light--lighten1 lightsome1 lighthouse1 enlighten4 ,l,c1 like--like1 likely1 likelihood1 likeness1 likewise1 unlike4 ,,locian1 to stretch forward--look4 ,,loma1 utensils1 furniture--loom1 hand-loom1 power-loom4 ,,losian1 to lose--lose1 loser1 loss4 ,l,f1 love2 ,,lufian1 to love--lover1 lovely1 loveliness1 lief1 beloved1 unlovely4 ,,lyfan1 to permit--leave 7permission71 belief1 believe1 believer1 misbelieve4 ,,lyft1 the air--loft1 lofty1 aloft4 ,,macian1 to make--make1 maker1 match1 matchless1 mate1 inmate4 ,m,,ngan1 to mix--among1 mingle1 commingle1 intermingle1 mongrel4 ,,magan1 to be able--may1 might1 mighty1 main1 mainland1 dismay4 ,,mearc1 a boundary--mark1 marksman1 marches1 remark4 ,,metan1 to measure--meet1 meeting1 meet 7fit71 meetness4 ,,mund1 a defence--mound4 ,,murnan1 to murmur--mourn1 mourner1 mournful4 ,,mynd1 the mind--mind1 mindful1 mindfulness1 remind4 ,n,s1 a nose--naze1 ness4 ,,nama1 a name--name1 nameless1 namesake1 misname4 ,,nead1 need--need1 needful1 needless1 needs1 needy4 ,,neah1 nigh--near1 next1 neighbor4 ,,niht1 night--night1 nightfall1 nightless1 nightmare1 nightshade4 ,,oga1 dread--ugly1 ugliness4 ,p,,th1 a path--pathless1 pathway1 footpath4 ,,plegan1 to exercise1 to sport--play1 player1 playful1 playmate4 ,r,,can1 to reach--reach1 overreach1 rack1 rack-rent4 ,r,,dan1 to read--read1 readable1 reader1 reading1 riddle4 ,,read1 red--red1 redden1 ruddy4 ,,reafian1 to seize--bereave1 bereavement1 raven1 ravenous1 rive1 rob1 robber1 robbery1 rove1 rover4 ,,recan1 to heed--reck1 reckless1 recklessness1 reckon1 reckoning4 ,r,,dan1 to ride--ride1 rider1 road1 roadster1 roadstead4 ,,rinnan1 to run--run1 runner1 runaway1 outrun4 ,,ripan1 to reap--reap1 reaper1 ripe1 ripen1 ripeness1 unripe4 ,,ruh1 rough--rough1 roughness4 ,s,,gan1 to say--say1 saying1 hearsay1 unsay4 ,,sar1 painful--sore1 soreness1 sorrow1 sorrowful1 sorry4 ,,scacan1 to shake--shake1 shaky1 shock1 shocking4 ,,sceadan1 to shade--shade1 shady1 shadow1 shed 7a covered enclosure74 ,,scedan1 to scatter1 to shed--shed 7to spill71 watershed4 ,,sceofan1 to push--shove1 shovel1 scuffle1 shuffle1 sheaf4 ,,sce,,tan1 to shoot--shoot1 shot1 sheet1 shut1 shutter1 shuttle1 overshoot1 undershot1 upshot4 ,,sc,,ran1 to cut--scar1 scarf1 score1 share1 sharp1 shear1 sheriff1 shire4 ,,sc,,nan1 to shine--sheen1 outshine1 moonshine1 sunshine4 ,,screopan1 to creak--scrape1 scraper1 swap1 scrap-book4 ,,scrob1 a bush--shrub1 shrubbery4 ,,scyppan1 to form--shape1 shapeless1 landscape4 ,,sellan1 to give--sale1 sell1 sold4 ,,seon1 to see--see1 seer1 sight1 foresee1 oversee1 unsightly1 gaze4 ,,settan1 to set2 ,,sittan1 to sit--set1 setter1 settle1 settler1 settlement1 set1 beset1 onset1 outset1 upset4 ,s,,de1 side--side1 sideboard1 aside1 beside1 inside1 outside1 upside4 ,,singan1 to sing--sing1 singer1 song4 ,,sl,c1 slack--slack1 slackness1 slow1 sloth1 slothful1 sluggard1 sluggish4 ,,sle,n1 to slay--slay1 slaughter1 sledge 7a heavy hammer74 ,,slidan1 to slide--slide1 sled1 sledge4 ,,slipan1 to glide--slip1 slipper1 slippery1 slipshod4 ,,smitan1 to smite--smite1 smiter1 smith1 smithy4 ,,snican1 to creep--snake1 sneak4 ,,socc1 a shoe--sock1 socket4 ,,soft1 soft--soften1 softly1 softness4 ,,soth1 true--sooth1 soothsayer4 ,,specan1 to speak--speak1 speaker1 speech1 bespeak4 ,,spell1 a message--spell 7discourse71 gospel4 ,,spinnan1 to spin--spinner1 spider4 ,,st,n1 a stone--stony1 stoneware4 ,,standan1 to stand--standard1 understand1 understanding1 withstand4 ,,steall1 a place--stall1 forestall1 install1 pedestal4 ,,steorfan1 to die--starve1 starvation1 starveling4 ,,stician1 to stick--stake1 stick1 stickle1 stickleback1 sting1 stitch1 stock1 stockade1 stocking4 ,,stigan1 to ascend--stair1 staircase1 stile1 stirrup1 sty4 ,,streccan1 to stretch--stretch1 stretcher1 straight1 straighten1 straightness1 outstretch1 overstretch4 ,,st,,ran1 to steer--steer1 steerage1 steersman1 stern 7the hind part of a ship71 astern4 ,,st,,rian1 to stir--stir1 bestir4 ,s,r1 sour--sour1 sourish1 sourness1 sorrel1 surly1 surliness4 ,,swerian1 to swear--swear1 swearer1 forswear1 answer1 unanswered4 ,,sw,t1 sweet--sweet1 sweetbread1 sweeten1 sweetmeat1 sweetness4 ,t,,ecan1 to show1 to teach--teach1 teachable1 teacher4 ,,tellan1 to count--tell1 teller1 tale1 talk1 talkative1 foretell4 ,,thincan1 to seem2 pret4 thuh-te1 methinks1 methought4 ,,thringan1 to press--throng4 ,,thyr1 dry--thirst1 thirsty4 ,,treowe1 true--true1 truth1 truthful1 truism1 trust1 trustee1 trustworthy1 trusty4 ,,twa1 two--twice1 twine1 twist1 between1 entwine4 ,,tyrnan1 to turn--turn1 turner1 turncoat1 turnkey1 turnpike1 overturn1 return1 upturn4 ,,wacan1 to awake--wake1 wakeful1 waken1 wait1 watch1 watchful1 watchfulness1 watchman4 ,,warnian1 to defend1 to beware--warn1 warning1 warrant1 wary1 weir1 aware1 beware4 ,,wearm1 glowing--warm1 warmth4 ,,wegan1 to move--wag1 waggle1 wain1 wave1 way1 wayfarer1 weigh1 weight1 weighty4 ,,weordh1 worth--worth1 worthy1 worship1 worshipper1 unworthy4 ,,werian1 to cover--wear1 wearable1 weary1 wearisome4 ,,winnan1 to labor--win1 won4 ,,witan1 to know--wise1 wisdom1 wizard1 wit1 witness1 witty4 ,,wringan1 to twist--wrangle1 wrench1 wriggle1 wring1 wrinkle4 ,,writhan1 to twist--wrath1 wrathful1 wroth1 wreath1 wreathe1 wry1 wryneck1 wrong4 ,,wunian1 to dwell--wont1 wonted4 ,,wyrm1 a worm1 a serpent--worm4 ,specimens of ,anglo-,saxon1 and the same literally translated into ,modern ,english4 ,,extract ,,from ,c,,dmon',s ,,paraphrase4 ,cdmon3 died about #fhj4 ,nu we sceolan herian ,now we shall praise heofon-rices weard1 the guardian of heaven1 metodes mihte1 the might of the creator1 and his mod-ge-thonc1 and his mind's thought1 wera wuldor-fder6 the glory-father of men6 swa he wundra ge-hws1 how he of all wonders1 ece dryhten1 the eternal lord1 oord onstealde4 formed the beginning4 ,he rest ge-scop ,he first created ylda bearnum for the children of men heofon to hrfe1 heaven as a roof1 halig scyppend6 the holy creator6 tha middan-geard them the world mon-cynnes weard1 the guardian of mankind ece dryhten1 the eternal lord1 fter teode1 produced afterwards1 firum foldan1 the earth for men1 frea lmihtig6 the almighty master6 ,,passage ,,repeated ,,by ,,bede ,,on ,,his ,,death-,,bed4 ,bede3 died #gce4 ,for tham ned-fere ,before the necessary journey neni wirtheth no one becomes thances suotera more prudent in thought thonne him thearf sy1 than is needful to him1 to ge-hicgeune to search out er his heonon-gange before his going hence hwet his gaste what to his spirit godes othe yveles of good or of evil efter deathe heonon after his death hence demed weorthe4 will be judged4 ,,extract ,,from ,,the ,,saxon ,,chronicle--,tenth ,century4 ,tha feng lfred thelwulfing to ,then took ,alfred1 son of ,ethelwulf ,west-,seaxna rice2 and ths ymb nne to the ,west ,saxon's kingdom2 and monath gefeaht lfred cyning with that after one month fought ,alfred ealne thone here lytle werode t king against all the army with a ,wiltoune1 and hine lange on dg little band at ,wilton1 and them long geflymde1 and tha ,deniscan ahton during the day routed and then the wl-stowe geweald4 ,and ths geares ,danes obtained of the battle-field wurdon nigon folcgefeoht gefohten possession4 ,and this year were nine with thone here on tham cyne-rice be great battles fought with the army suthan ,temese1 butan tham the him in the kingdom to the south of the lfred1 and ealdormen1 and cyninges ,thames1 besides those in which thegnas oft rada onridon the man na ,alfred1 and the alder-men1 and the ne rimde4 ,and ths geares wron king's thanes oft inrode--against of-slegene nigon eorlas1 and an which one nothing accounted4 ,and cyning2 and thy geare namon this year were slain nine earls and ,west-,seaxan frith with thone here4 one king2 and this year made the ,west-,saxons peace with the army4 ,,extract ,,from ,,the ,,saxon ,,gospels--,eleventh ,century4 ,,luc1 ,cap4 ,i4 v4 #e-aj4 ,,luke1 ,chap4 ,i4 v4 #e-aj4 #e4 ,on ,herodes dagum ,iudea cyninges1 #e4 ,in the days of ,herod the king of ws sum sacerd on naman ,zacharias1 of ,judea1 there was a certain priest by ,abian tune3 and his wif ws of name ,zacharias1 of the course of ,aarones dohtrum1 and hyre nama ws ,abia3 and his wife was of the ,elizabeth4 daughters of ,aaron1 and her name was ,elizabeth4 #f4 ,sothlice hig wron butu rihtwise #f4 ,and they were both righteous beforan ,gode1 gangende on eallum his before ,god1 walking in all the bebodum and rihtwisnessum1 butan commandments and ordinances of the wrohte4 ,lord without blame4 #g4 ,and hig nfdon nan bearn1 fortham #g4 ,and they had no child1 because the ,elizabeth ws unberende2 and hig that ,elizabeth was barren2 and they on heora dagum butu forth-eodon4 in her days were both of great age4 #h4 ,sothlice ws geworden tha #h4 ,and it befell that when ,zacharias ,zacharias hys sacerdhades breac on should do the office of the his gewrixles endebyrdnesse beforan priesthood in the order of his ,gode1 course before ,god1 #i4 fter gewunan ths sacerdhades #i4 ,after the custom of the hlotes1 he eode that he his offrunge priesthood he went forth by lot1 to sette1 tha he on ,godes tempel eode4 burn incense when he into ,god's temple went4 #aj4 ,eall werod ths folces ws ute #aj4 ,and all the multitude of the gebiddende on thre offrunge timan4 people were without praying at the time of incense4 ,,the ,,lord',s ,,prayer4 ,fder ure1 thu the eart on heofenum2 ,father our1 thou who art in heaven2 si thin nama gehalgod2 to-becume thin be thine name hallowed2 let come rice2 geweordhe thin willa on thine kingdom2 let be done thine eorthan1 swa swa on heofenum4 ,urne ge will on earth1 so as in the heavens4 dghwamlican hlaf syle us to-dg2 and ,our also daily bread give thou us forgyf us ure gyltas1 swa swa we to-day2 and forgive thou to us our forgidfadh urum gyltendum2 and ne debts1 so as we forgive our debtors2 gelde thu us on costnunge1 ac alys and not lead thou us into us of yfle1 etc4 temptations1 but deliver thou us from evil1 etc4 ,,specimens ,,of ,,semi-,,saxon ,,and ,,early ,,english4 ,,extract ,,from ,,the ,,brut ,,of ,,layamon--,about #aahj4 ,he nom tha ,englisca boc ,he took the ,english book ,tha makede ,seint ,beda2 ,that ,saint ,bede made2 ,an other he nom on ,latin1 ,another he took in ,latin1 ,tha makede ,seinte ,albin1 ,that ,saint ,albin made1 ,and the feire ,austin1 ,and the fair ,austin1 ,the fulluht broute hider in4 ,that baptism brought hither in4 ,boc he nom the thridde1 ,the third book he took1 ,leide ther amidden1 ,and laid there in midst1 ,tha makede a ,frenchis clerc1 ,that made a ,french clerk1 ,wace was ihoten1 ,wace was he called1 ,the wel couthe writen1 ,that well could write1 ,and he hoc yef thare aethelen ,and he it gave to the noble ,allienor1 the wes ,henries quene1 ,eleanor1 that was ,henry's ,queen1 ,thes heyes kinges4 ,the high king's4 ,,extract ,,from ,a ,,charter ,,of ,,henry ,,iii4--#abeh4 ,henry1 thurg ,gode's fultome1 ,king on ,henry1 through ,god's support1 ,king ,engleneloande1 ,lhoaverd on ,yrloand1 of ,england1 ,lord of ,ireland1 ,duke of ,duk on ,norman1 on ,acquitain1 ,earl on ,normandy1 of ,acquitain1 ,earl of ,anjou1 send ,i greting1 to alle hise ,anjou1 sends greeting to all his holde1 ilrde and ilewede on subjects1 learned and unlearned1 of ,huntindonnschiere4 ,tht witen ge wel ,huntingdonshire4 ,this know ye well alle1 ht we willen and unnen tht all1 that we will and grant what our ure rdesmen alle1 other the moare counsellors all1 or the more part of del of heom1 tht beoth ichosen thurg them1 that be chosen through us and us and thurg tht loandes-folk on ure through the landfolk of our kingdom1 kineriche1 habbith idon1 and schullen have done1 and shall do1 to the don in the worthnes of ,god1 and ure honor of ,god1 and our allegiance1 treowthe1 for the freme of the for the good of the land1 etc4 loande1 etc4 ,anglo-,saxon ,element in ,modern ,english4 ,that the young student may be made aware of the extent of the employment of ,anglo-,saxon in our present language1 and that he may have some clue to direct him to a knowledge of the ,saxon words1 the following extracts1 embracing a great proportion of these words1 are submitted to his attention4 ,the words not ,teutonic are marked in ,italics4 ,,milton4 ,of man's first disobedience1 and the fruit ,of that forbidden tree1 whose mortal taste ,brought death into the world1 and all our woe1 ,with loss of ,eden1 till one greater man ,restore us and regain the blissful seat-- ,sing1 heavenly ,muse4 ,with thee conversing1 ,i forget all time1 ,all seasons1 and their change2 all please alike4 ,sweet is the breath of morn1 her rising sweet1 ,with charm of earliest birds2 pleasant the sun ,when first on this delightful land he spreads ,his orient beams on herb1 tree1 fruit1 and flower1 ,glistering with dew2 fragrant the fertile earth1 ,after soft showers2 and sweet the coming on ,of grateful evening mild2 then silent night ,with this her solemn bird1 and this fair moon1 ,and these the gems of heaven1 her starry train4 ,,shakespeare4 ,to be1 or not to be1 that is the question2 ,whether 't is nobler in the mind to suffer ,the stings and arrows of outrageous fortune1 ,or to take arms against a sea of troubles1 ,and1 by opposing1 end them8 ,to die1 to sleep2 ,no more2--and by a sleep to say we end ,the heartache and the thousand natural shocks ,that flesh is heir to6 't were a consummation ,devoutly to be wished4 ,to die2 to sleep2 ,to sleep8--perchance to dream6 ,all the world's a stage1 ,and all the men and women merely players4 ,they have their exits and their entrances1 ,and one man in his time plays many parts2 ,his acts being seven ages4 ,at first the infant1 ,mewling and puking in his nurse's arms4 ,and then the whining school-boy1 with his satchel ,and shining morning face1 creeping like snail ,unwillingly to school4 ,and then the lover1 ,sighing like furnace1 with a woeful ballad ,made to his mistress' eyebrow4 ,then a soldier1 ,full of strange oaths1 and bearded like the pard1 ,jealous in honour1 sudden and quick in quarrel2 ,seeking the bubble reputation ,even in the cannon's mouth4 ,,translation ,,of ,,the ,,bible4 ,in the beginning ,god created the heaven and the earth4 ,and the earth was without form1 and void2 and darkness was upon the face of the deep3 and the ,spirit of ,god moved upon the face of the waters4 ,and ,god said1 ,let there be light2 and there was light4 ,and ,god saw the light1 that it was good2 and ,god divided the light from the darkness4 ,and ,god called the light ,day1 and the darkness he called ,night4 ,and the evening and the morning were the first day4--,genesis i4 #a-f4 ,and it came to pass1 that when ,isaac was old1 and his eyes were dim1 so that he could not see1 he called ,esau1 his eldest son1 and said unto him1 ,my son4 ,and he said unto him1 ,behold1 here am ,i4 ,and he said1 ,behold now1 ,i am old1 ,i know not the day of my death4 ,now therefore take1 ,i pray thee1 thy weapons1 thy quiver and thy bow1 and go out to the field1 and take me some venison2 and make me savoury meat1 such as ,i love1 and bring it to me1 that ,i may eat2 that my soul may bless thee before ,i die4 ,and ,rebekah heard when ,isaac spake to ,esau his son4 ,and ,esau went to the field to hunt for venison1 and to bring it4 ,and ,rebekah spake unto ,jacob her son1 saying1 ,behold1 ,i heard thy father speak unto ,esau thy brother1 saying1 ,bring me venison1 and make me savoury meat1 that ,i may eat1 and bless thee before the ,lord before my death4--,genesis xxvii4 #a-g4 ,,thomson4 ,these as they change1 ,almighty ,father6 these ,are but the varied ,god4 ,the rolling year ,is full of thee4 ,forth in the pleasing spring ,thy beauty walks1 thy tenderness and love4 ,wide flush the fields2 the softening air is balm2 ,echo the mountains round2 the forest smiles2 ,and every sense and every heart is joy4 ,then comes thy glory in the summer months1 ,with light and heat refulgent4 ,then thy sun ,shoots full perfection through the swelling year4 ,,addison4 ,i was yesterday1 about sunset1 walking in the open fields1 till the night insensibly fell upon me4 ,i at first amused myself with all the richness and variety of colours which appeared in the western parts of heaven4 ,in proportion as they faded away and went out1 several stars and planets appeared1 one after another1 till the whole firmament was in a glow4 ,the blueness of the ether was exceedingly heightened and enlivened by the season of the year4 ,,young4 ,let ,indians1 and the gay1 like ,indians1 fond ,of feathered fopperies1 the sun adore3 ,darkness has more divinity for me2 ,it strikes thought inward2 it drives back the soul ,to settle on herself1 our point supreme4 ,there lies our theater3 there sits our judge4 ,darkness the curtain drops o'er life's dull scene3 ',t is the kind hand of ,providence stretched out ',twixt man and vanity2 't is reason's reign1 ,and virtue's too2 these tutelary shades ,are man's asylum from the tainted throng4 ,night is the good man's friend1 and guardian too4 ,it no less rescues virtue1 than inspires4 ,,swift4 ,wisdom is a fox1 who1 after long hunting1 will at last cost you the pains to dig out4 ',t is a cheese1 which by how much the richer has the thicker1 homelier1 and the coarser coat2 and whereof1 to a judicious palate1 the maggots are the best4 ',tis a sack posset1 wherein the deeper you go on you will find it sweeter4 ,but then1 lastly1 'tis a nut1 which1 unless you choose with judgment1 may cost you a tooth1 and pay you with nothing but a worm4 ,,hume4 ,the beauties of her person and graces of her air combined to make her the most amiable of women2 and the charms of her address and conversation aided the impression which her lovely figure made on the heart of all beholders4 ,ambitious and active in her temper1 yet inclined to cheerfulness and society2 of a lofty spirit1 constant and even vehement in her purpose1 yet politic1 gentle1 and affable1 in her demeanor1 she seemed to partake only so much of the male virtues as to render her estimable1 without relinquishing those soft graces which compose the proper ornament of her sex4 ,,gibbon4 ,in the second century of the ,christian era1 the empire of ,rome comprehended the fairest part of the earth1 and the most civilized portion of mankind4 ,the frontiers of that extensive monarchy were guarded by ancient renown1 and disciplined valour4 ,the gentle but powerful influence of laws and manners had gradually cemented the union of the provinces4 ,their peaceful inhabitants enjoyed and abused the advantages of wealth and luxury4 ,the image of a free constitution was preserved with decent reverence4 ,,johnson4 ,of genius1 that power which constitutes a poet2 that quality without which judgment is cold1 and knowledge is inert2 that energy which collects1 combines1 amplifies1 and animates2 the superiority must1 with some hesitation1 be allowed to ,dryden4 ,it is not to be inferred that of this poetical vigor ,pope had only a little1 because ,dryden had more2 for every other writer since ,milton must give place to ,pope2 and even of ,dryden it must be said1 that if he has brighter paragraphs1 he has not better poems4 ,,byron4 ,ancient of days6 august ,athena6 where1 ,where are thy men of might--thy grand in soul8 ,gone--glimmering through the dream of things that were4 ,first in the race that led to ,glory's goal1 ,they won1 and passed away4 ,is this the whole8 ,a school-boy's tale--the wonder of an hour6 ,the warrior's-weapon and the sophist's stole ,are sought in vain1 and o'er each mouldering tower1 ,dim with the mist of years1 gray flits the shade of power4 ,,sir ,,walter ,,scott4 ,the way was long1 the wind was cold1 ,the ,minstrel was infirm and old2 ,his withered cheek and tresses gray ,seemed to have known a better day2 ,the harp1 his sole remaining joy1 ,was carried by an orphan boy4 ,the last of all the bards was he ,who sung of border chivalry2 ,for1 well-a-day6 their dale was fled2 ,his tuneful brethren all were dead2 ,and he1 neglected and oppressed1 ,wished to be with them and at rest4 ,,wordsworth4 ,ah6 little doth the young one dream1 ,when full of play and childish cares1 ,what power is in his wildest scream1 ,heard by his mother unawares6 ,he knows it not1 he cannot guess2 ,years to a mother bring distress2 ,but do not make her love the less4 ,my son1 if thou be humbled1 poor1 ,hopeless of honor and of gain1 ,oh6 do not dread thy mother's door2 ,think not of me with grief and pain4 ,i now can see with better eyes2 ,and worldly grandeur ,i despise1 ,and ,fortune with her gifts and lies4 ,,tennyson4 ,not wholly in the busy world1 nor quite ,beyond it1 blooms the garden that ,i love4 ,news from the humming city comes to it ,in sound of funeral or of marriage bells2 ,and sitting muffled in dark leaves you hear ,the windy clanging of the winter clock2 ,although between it and the garden lies ,a league of grass1 washed by a slow broad stream1 ,that1 stirred with languid pulses of the oar1 ,waves all its lazy lilies1 and creeps on1 ,barge laden1 to three arches of a bridge1 ,crowned with the minster-towers4 ,,part ,v4--,,miscellaneous ,,derivatives4 ,i4--,,words ,,derived ,,from ,,the ,,names ,,of ,,persons4 #a4--,,nouns4 ,,at',,las1 a collection of maps bound together3 ,atlas1 a fabled giant who1 according to the ,greek notion bore the earth upon his shoulders4 ,,acad',,emy1 a superior grade school1 a society of learned men3 ,academus1 a ,greek in whose garden near ,athens ,plato taught4 ,,ammo',,nia1 the pungent matter of smelling salts3 ,jupiter ,ammon1 near whose temple in ,libya it was originally obtained4 ,,bac',,chanal1 one who indulges in drunken revels3 ,bacchus1 the god of wine4 ,,bow',,ie ,,knife1 an ,american weapon3 ,colonel ,bowie1 the inventor4 ,,braggado',,cio1 a vain boaster3 ,braggadochio1 a boastful character in ,spenser's ,faery ,queen4 ,,bud',,dhism1 a wide-spread ,asiatic religion3 ,buddha1 a ,hindoo sage who lived about #ajjj ,b4,c4 ,,cal',,vinism1 the doctrines of ,calvin3 ,calvin1 a ,swiss theologian of the #afth century4 ,,camel',,lia1 a genus of evergreen shrubs3 ,camelli1 a ,spaniard who brought them from ,asia4 ,,cicero',,ne 7sis e-ro'ne or ch ch-ro'-ne71 a guide3 ,cicero1 the ,roman orator4 ,,cincho',,na1 ,peruvian bark3 ,countess ,cinchona1 wife of a ,spanish governor of ,peru 7#agth century74 ,by means of this medicine she was cured of an intermittent fever1 and after her return to ,spain she aided in the diffusion of the remedy4 ,,daguerre',,otype1 a picture produced on a metal plate3 ,daguerre1 the inventor 7#aghi-ahea74 ,,dahl',,ia1 a garden plant3 ,dahl1 a ,swedish botanist4 ,,dunce1 a dull1 slow-witted person3 ,duns ,scotus1 a subtle philosopher of the #acth century4 ,his method of reasoning was very popular in the schools during the ,middle ,ages1 and a very skillful hair-splitter was called a ,dunse1 but at last1 through the influence of the antagonists of the philosopher1 the word passed into a term of reproach4 ,,ep',,icure1 one fond of good living3 ,epicurus1 a ,greek philosopher who was said to teach that pleasure is the chief good4 ,,fah',,renheit1 a thermometer that marks the freezing-point of water at #cb 7which is different from both the centigrade and the ,reaumur thermometer73 ,fahrenheit1 the inventor4 ,,fuchsia 7fu's-a71 a genus of flowering plants3 ,leonard ,fuchs1 a ,german botanist of the #afth century4 ,,gal',,vanism1 a branch of the science of electricity3 ,galvani1 an ,italian physician1 its discoverer4 ,,gen',,tian1 a medicinal root3 ,gentian1 king of ,illyria1 who is said to have first experienced the virtues of the plant4 ,,gob',,elin1 a rich tapestry3 ,jehan ,gobeelen1 a ,flemish dyer4 ,,guillotine'1 an instrument for beheading3 ,guillotin1 who invented and brought it into use at the time of the ,french ,revolution1 last century4 ,,hy',,giene1 the principles and rules of health3 ,hygeia1 the goddess of health in classical mythology4 ,,jes',,uit1 a member of the ,society of ,jesus1 formed by ,ignatius ,loyola in #aecd3 ,jesus4 ,,lynch1 to punish without the usual forms of law3 said to be from ,lynch1 a ,virginia farmer1 who took the law into his own hands4 ,,macad',,amize1 to cover a road with small broken stones3 ,macadam1 the inventor4 ,,magno',,lia1 a species of trees found in the southern parts of the ,united ,states3 ,magnol1 a ,french botanist4 ,,men',,tor1 a faithful monitor3 ,mentor1 the counselor of ,telemachus4 ,,mor',,phia1 the narcotic principle of opium3 ,morpheus1 the god of sleep4 ,,ne',,gus1 a mixture of wine1 water1 and sugar3 ,colonel ,negus1 who introduced its use in the time of ,queen ,anne4 ,,or',,rery1 an apparatus for showing the motions1 etc41 of the heavenly bodies3 the ,earl of ,orrery1 for whom one of the first was made4 ,,palla',,dium1 something that affords effectual defense1 protection1 and safety3 ,greek palla'dion1 an image of ,pallas ,athene1 which was kept hidden and secret1 and was revered as a pledge of the safety of the town where it was lodged4 ,,pan',,ic1 a sudden fright3 ,pan1 the god of shepherds1 who is said to have caused alarm by his wild screams and appearance4 ,,pe',,ony1 a plant of the genus ,p,,onia1 having beautiful showy flowers3 ,pon1 its discoverer4 ,,pet',,rel1 an ocean bird3 diminutive of ,peter1 probably so called in allusion to ,st4 ,peter's walking on the sea4 ,,pha',,eton1 an open carriage3 ,phaethon1 the fabled son of ,phbus or the ,sun1 whose chariot he attempted to drive4 ,,pinch',,beck1 an alloy of copper and zinc resembling gold3 said to be from one ,pinchbeck1 the inventor4 ,,quas',,sia1 a bitter wood used as a tonic3 ,quassy1 a negro who discovered its qualities4 ,,rodomontade'1 vainbluster3 ,rodomonte1 a boasting hero who figures in ,ariosto's poem of the ,orlando ,furioso4 ,,silhouette 7sil oo et'71 the outline of an object filled in with black color3 ,silhouette 7see ,webster74 ,,tan',,talize1 to torment or tease3 ,tantalus1 according to the poets1 an ancient king of ,phrygia1 who was made to stand up to the chin in water with fruit hanging over his head1 but from whom both receded when he wished to partake4 ,,typhoon'1 a violent hurricane which occurs in the ,chinese seas3 ,typhon1 a fabled giant who was taught to produce them4 ,,volca',,no1 a burning mountain3 ,vulcan1 the god of fire4 #b4--;,,adjectives4 ,,amer',,ican1 relating to ,america3 from ,amerigo 7,latin1 ,americus7 ,vespucci--contemporary of ,columbus4 ,a',,rian1 relating to ,arius3 a theologian of the #dth century who denied the divinity of ,christ4 ,,aristote',,lian1 relating to the deductive method of reasoning set forth by ,aristotle3 a ,greek philosopher of the #dth century ,b4,c4 ,,armin',,ian1 relating to ,arminius3 a ,dutch theologian of the #afth century1 who opposed the doctrines of ,calvin4 ,,baco',,nian1 relating to the inductive method of reasoning set forth by ,bacon3 an ,english philosopher of the #agth century4 ,,carte',,sian1 relating to the philosophy of ,descartes3 a ,french philosopher of the #agth century4 ,,ce',,real1 relating to grain3 from ,ceres--the ,roman goddess of corn and tillage4 ,,coper',,nican1 relating to ,copernicus3 a ,german philosopher of the #afth century1 who taught the theory of the solar system now received1 and called the ,copernican system4 ,,eliz',,abethan1 relating to the times of ,queen ,elizabeth of ,england3 7#aeeh-afjc74 ,,eo',,lian1 relating to the wind3 from olus--the god of the winds in classic mythology4 ,,eras',,tian1 relating to ,erastus3--a ,german theologian of the #afth century1 who maintained that the ,church is wholly dependent on the ,state for support or authority4 ,,escula',,pian1 relating to the healing art3 from ,esculapius--the god of the healing art among the ,greeks4 ,,gor',,dian1 intricate1 complicated1 difficult3 from ,gordius--king of ,phrygia who tied a knot which could not be untied4 ,,hercule',,an1 very large and strong3 from ,hercules--a hero of antiquity celebrated for his strength4 ,,hermet',,ic1 relating to ,hermes--the fabled inventor of alchemy2 adv41 ,,hermetically1 in a perfectly close manner4 ,,hudibras',,tic1 in the manner of the satirical poem called ,hudibras1 by ,samuel ,butler 7#afab-afhj74 ,,jo',,vial1 gay1 merry3 from ,jupiter 7,jovis71--the planet of that name having in the ,middle ,ages been supposed to make those who were born under it of a joyous temper4 ,,linn',,an1 relating to ,linnus--the celebrated ,swedish botanist4 ,,lu',,theran1 relating to the doctrines of ,luther--a ,german religious teacher of the #afth century4 ,,machiavel',,ian1 cunning and sinister in politics3 from ,machiaveli--an ,italian writer of the #aeth century4 ,,mercu',,rial1 active1 sprightly--having the qualities fabled to belong to the god ,mercury4 ,,mosa',,ic1 relating to ,moses1 his writings or his time4 ,,newto',,nian1 relating to ,sir ,isaac ,newton and his philosophy4 ,,pindar',,ic1 after the style and manner of ,pindar--a lyric poet of ,greece4 ,,platon',,ic1 relating to the opinions or the school of ,plato1--a philosopher of ,greece1 in the #dth century ,b4,c4 ,,pluton',,ic1 relating to the interior of the earth1 or to the ,plutonic theory in geology of the formation of certain rocks by fire3 from ,pluto--in classic mythology1 the god of the infernal regions4 ,,procrus',,tean1 relating to or resembling the mode of torture employed by ,procrustes--a celebrated highwayman of ancient ,attica1 who tied his victims upon an iron bed1 and1 as the case required1 either stretched out or cut off their legs to adapt them to its length4 ,,prome',,thean1 relating to ,prometheus--a god fabled by the ancient poets to have formed men from clay and to have given them life by means of fire stolen from heaven1 at which ,jupiter1 being angry1 sent ,mercury to bind him to ,mount ,caucasus1 and place a vulture to prey upon his liver4 ,,quixot',,ic1 absolutely romantic1 like ,don ,quixote--described by ,cervantes1 a ,spanish writer of the #afth century4 ,,satur',,nian1 distinguished for purity1 integrity1 and simplicity2 golden1 happy3 from ,saturn--one of the gods of antiquity whose age or reign1 from the mildness and wisdom of his government1 was called the golden age4 ,,socrat',,ic1 relating to the philosophy or the method of teaching of ,socrates--the celebrated philosopher of ,greece 7#dfh-cii ,b4,c474 ,,stento',,rian1 very loud or powerful1 resembling the voice of ,stentor--a ,greek herald1 spoken of by ,homer1 having a very loud voice4 ,,thes',,pian1 relating to tragic action3 from ,thespis--the founder of the ,greek drama4 ,,titan',,ic1 enormous in size and strength3 from the ,titans--fabled giants in classic mythology4 ,,uto',,pian1 ideal1 fanciful1 chimerical3 from ,utopia--an imaginary island1 represented by ,sir ,thomas ,more1 in a work called ,utopia1 as enjoying the greatest perfection in politics laws1 and society4 ,,volta',,ic1 relating to voltaism or voltaic electricity3 from ,volta--who first devised apparatus for developing electric currents by chemical action4 ,,ii4--,,words ,,derived ,,from ,,the ,,names ,,of ,,places4 ,,ag',,ate1 a precious stone3 ,achates1 a river in ,sicily where it is found4 ,,al',,abaster1 a variety of soft marble3 ,alabastrum1 in ,egypt1 where it is found4 ,,ar',,ras1 tapestry3 ,arras1 in ,france1 where it is manufactured4 ,,arte',,sian1 applied to wells made by boring into the earth till the instrument reaches water which flows from internal pressure3 ,artois 7anciently called ,artesium71 in ,france1 where many of such wells have been made4 ,,at',,tic1 marked by such qualities as characterized the ,athenians1 as delicate wit1 purity of style1 elegance1 etc43 ,attica1 the country of the ,athenians4 ,,ban',,tam1 a small domestic fowl3 ,bantam1 in ,java1 whence it was brought4 ,,barb1 a ,barbary horse3 ,barbary1 in ,africa4 ,,bay',,onet1 a dagger fixed on the end of a musket3 ,bayonne1 in ,france1 where it was invented1 in #afgi4 ,,bedlam1 a lunatic asylum3 ,bethlehem1 a monastery in ,london1 afterwards used as an asylum for lunatics4 ,,bur',,gundy1 a ,french wine3 ,burgundy1 where it is made4 ,,cal',,ico1 a kind of cotton cloth3 ,calicut1 in ,india1 where it was first manufactured4 ,,cana',,ry1 a wine and a bird3 the ,canary ,islands4 ,,can',,ter1 an easy gallop3 ,canterbury1 in allusion to the easy pace at which the pilgrims used to ride thither4 ,,car',,ronade1 a short cannon3 ,carron1 in ,scotland1 where it was first made4 ,,cash',,mere1 a rich shawl1 from the wool of the ,thibet goat3 ,cashmere1 the country where first made4 ,,chalced',,ony1 a variety of uncrystalized quartz3 ,chalcedon1 in ,asia ,minor1 where obtained4 ,,champagne'1 a wine3 ,champagne1 in ,france1 where produced4 ,,cher',,ry1 a red stoned fruit3 ,cerasus 7now ,kheresoun71 in ,pontus1 ,asia ,minor1 whence the tree was imported into ,italy4 ,,chest',,nut1 a fruit3 ,castanea1 in ,macedonia1 whence it was introduced into ,europe4 ,,cog',,nac1 a kind of ,french brandy3 ,cognac1 in ,france1 where extensively made4 ,,cop',,per1 a metal3 ,cyprus1 once celebrated for its rich mines of the metal4 ,,cord',,wainer1 a worker in cordwain1 or cordovan1 a ,spanish leather3 ,cordova1 in ,spain4 ,,cura,,oa'1 a liquor or cordial flavored with orange peel3 the island of ,curaoa1 where it was first made4 ,,cur',,rant1 a small dried grape3 ,corinth1 in ,greece1 of which currant is a corruption4 ,,dam',,ask1 figured linen or silk3 ,damascus1 in ,syria1 where first made4 ,,dam',,son1 a small black plum3 7shortened from ,damascene7 ,damascus4 ,,delf1 a kind of earthenware3 ,delft1 in ,holland1 where it was orignally made4 ,,di',,aper1 a figured linen cloth1 used for towels1 napkins1 etc43 ,ypres1 in ,flanders1 where originally manufactured4 ,,dim',,ity1 a figured cotton cloth3 ,damietta1 in ,egypt4 ,,gamboge'1 a yellow resin used as a paint3 ,cambodia1 where it is obtained4 ,,ging',,ham1 cotton cloth1 made of yarn dyed before woven3 ,guincamp1 in ,france1 where it was first made4 ,,guin',,ea1 an ,english gold coin of the value of twenty-one shillings3 ,guinea1 whence the gold was obtained out of which it was first struck4 ,,gyp',,sy1 one of a wandering race3 old ,english ,gyptian1 from ,egypt1 whence the race was supposed to have originated4 ,,hol',,land1 a kind of linen cloth3 ,holland1 where first made4 ,,hol',,lands1 a spirit flavored with juniper berries3 ,holland1 where it is extensively produced44 ,,in',,digo1 a blue dye3 ,india4 ,,jal',,ap1 a cathartic medicine3 ,jalapa1 in ,mexico1 whence it was first imported in #afaj4 ,,jet1 a mineral used for ornament3 ,gagates1 a river in ,asia ,minor1 whence it was obtained4 ,,lan',,dau1 ,,lan',,daulet1 a kind of carriage opening at the top3 ,landau1 a town in ,germany4 ,,madei',,ra1 a wine3 ,madeira1 where produced4 ,,magne',,sia1 a primitive earth3 ,magnesia1 in ,thessaly4 ,,mag',,net1 the loadstone1 or ,magnesian stone4 ,,malm',,sey1 a wine3 ,malvasia1 in the ,morea4 ,,mar',,sala1 a wine3 ,marsala1 in ,sicily4 ,,mean',,der1 to flow in a winding course3 ,meander1 a winding river in ,asia ,minor4 ,,mil',,liner1 one who makes ladies' bonnets1 etc43 ,milan1 in ,italy4 ,,moroc',,co1 a fine kind of leather3 ,morocco1 in ,africa1 where it was originally made4 ,,nankeen'1 a buff-colored cloth3 ,nankin1 in ,china1 where first made4 ,,pheas',,ant1 a bird whose flesh is highly valued as food3 ,phasis1 a river in ,asia ,minor1 whence it was brought to ,europe4 ,,pis',,tol1 a small hand gun3 ,pistoja1 in ,italy1 where first made4 ,,port1 a wine3 ,oporto1 in ,portugal1 whence extensively shipped4 ,,sardine'1 a small ,mediterranean fish1 of the herring family3 ,sardinia around whose coasts the fish abounds4 ,,sauterne'1 a wine3 ,sauterne1 in ,france1 where produced4 ,,sher',,ry1 a wine3 ,xeres1 in ,spain1 where it is largely manufactured4 ,,span',,iel1 a dog of remarkable sagacity3 ,hispaniola1 now ,hayti1 where originally found4 ,,tar',,iff1 a list of duties or customs to be paid on goods imported or exported3 from an ,arabic word1 tarif1 information4 ,,to',,paz1 a precious stone3 ,topazos1 an island in the ,red ,sea1 where it is found4 ,,trip',,oli1 a fine grained earth used in polishing stones3 ,tripoli1 in ,africa1 where originally obtained4 ,,turquois'1 a bluish-green stone3 ,turkey1 whence it was originally brought4 ,,worst',,ed1 well-twisted yarn1 spun of long-staple wool3 ,worsted1 a village in ,norfolk1 ,england1 where first made4 ,,iii4--,,etymology ,,of ,,words ,,used ,,in ,,the ,,principal ,,school ,,studies4 #a4--,,terms ,,in ,,geography4 ,,antarc',,tic3 ,gr4 anti1 opposite1 and arktos1 a bear4 ,see arctic4 ,,archipel',,ago3 ,gr4 archi1 chief1 and pelagos1 sea1 originally applied to the gean ,sea1 which is studded with numerous islands4 ,,arc',,tic3 ,gr4 arktikos1 from arktos1 a bear and a northern constellation so called4 ,,atlan',,tic3 ,lat4 ,atlanticus1 from ,atlas1 a fabled ,titan who was condemned to bear heaven on his head and hands4 ,,ax',,is3 ,lat4 axis1 an axletree4 ,,bar',,barous3 ,gr4 barbaros1 foreign4 ,,bay3 ,fr4 baie1 from ,lat4 baia1 an inlet4 ,,can',,cer3 ,lat4 cancer1 a crab 7the name of one of the signs of the zodiac74 ,,cape3 ,fr4 cap1 from ,lat4 caput1 head4 ,,cap',,ital3 ,lat4 capitalis1 from caput1 head4 ,,cap',,ricorn3 ,lat4 caper1 goat1 and cornu1 horn 7the name of one of the signs of the zodiac74 ,,car',,dinal3 adj ,lat4 cardinalis1 from cardo1 cardinis1 a hinge4 ,,chan',,nel3 ,lat4 canalis1 from canna1 a reed or pipe4 ,,cir',,cle3 ,lat4 circus1 from ,gr4 kirkos1 a ring4 ,,circum',,ference3 ,lat4 circum1 around1 and ferre1 to bear4 ,,cit',y3 ,fr4 cite1 from ,lat4 civitas1 a state or community4 ,,civ',,ilized3 ,lat4 civilis1 pertaining to an organized community4 ,,cli',,mate3 ,gr4 klima1 klimatos1 slope1 the supposed slope of the earth from the ,equator to the poles4 ,,coast3 ,old ,fr4 coste 7,new ,fr4 cte71 from ,lat4 costa1 rib1 side4 ,,con',,fluence3 ,lat4 con1 together1 and fluere1 to flow4 ,,con',,tinent3 ,lat4 con1 together1 and tenere1 to hold4 ,,con',,tour3 ,lat4 con1 together1 and tornus1 a lathe4 ,,coun',,ty3 ,fr4 comte1 from ,lat4 comitatus1 governed by a count4 ,,degree'3 ,lat4 de1 and gradus1 a step ,,diam',,eter3 ,gr4 dia1 through1 and metron1 measure4 ,,equa',,tor3 ,lat4 equus1 equal4 ,,es',,tuary3 ,lat4 stuare1 to boil up1 or be furious1 the reference being to the commotion made by the meeting of a river-current and the tide4 ,,frig',,id3 ,lat4 frigidus1 from frigere1 to be cold4 ,,geog',,raphy3 ,gr4 ge1 the earth1 and graphe1 a description4 ,,globe3 ,lat4 globus1 a round body4 ,,gulf3 ,fr4 golfe1 from ,gr4 kolpos1 bosom1 bay4 ,,har',,bor3 ,anglo-,saxon1 hereberga1 from beorgan1 to shelter4 ,,hem',,isphere3 ,gr4 hemi1 half1 and sphaira1 sphere4 ,,hori',,zon3 ,gr4 horizein1 to bound4 ,,in',,dian 7ocean73 ,india4 ,,isth',,mus3 ,gr4 isthmos1 a neck4 ,,lake3 ,lat4 lacus1 a lake4 ,,lat',,itude3 ,lat4 latitudo1 from latus1 broad4 ,,lon',,gitude3 ,lat4 longitudo1 from longus1 long4 ,,merid',,ian3 ,lat4 meridies 7 medius1 middle1 and dies1 day71 noon4 ,,metrop',,olis3 ,gr4 meter1 mother1 and polis1 city4 ,,mon',,archy3 ,gr4 monarchs1 from monos1 alone1 and archein1 to rule4 ,,moun',,tain3 ,fr4 montagne1 from ,lat4 mons1 montis1 a mountain4 ,,ob',,late3 ,lat4 oblatus 7ob and past part4 of ferre1 to bring71 brought forward4 ,o',,cean3 ,gr4 okeanus1 from okus1 rapid1 and nacin1 to flow4 ,,pacif',,ic3 ,lat4 pacificus1 from pax1 pacis1 peace1 and facere1 to make4 ,,par',,allel3 ,gr4 para1 beside1 and allelon1 of one another4 ,,penin',,sula3 ,lat4 penes1 almost1 and insula1 island4 ,,phys',,ical3 ,gr4 physis 7phusis71 nature4 ,,plain3 ,lat4 planus1 flat4 ,,plane3 ,lat4 planus1 flat4 ,,pole3 ,gr4 polos1 a pivot4 ,,polit',,ical3 ,gr4 polis1 a city or state4 ,,prom',,ontory3 ,lat4 pro1 before1 and mons1 montis1 a mountain4 ,,relief'3 ,fr4 relever1 from ,lat4 relevare1 to raise4 ,,repub',,lic3 ,lat4 res1 an affair1 and publica1 public3 that is1 a commonwealth4 ,,riv',,er3 ,fr4 rivire1 from ,lat4 ripa1 a shore or bank4 ,,sav',,age3 ,fr4 sauvage1 from ,lat4 silva1 a wood4 ,,sea3 ,anglo-,saxon1 s1 the sea4 ,,soci',,ety3 ,lat4 societas1 from socius1 a companion4 #b4--,,terms ,,in ,,grammar4 ,,ad',,jective1 ,lat4 adjectivus1 from ad and jacere1 to add to3 a word joined to a noun or pronoun to limit or describe its meaning4 ,,ad',,junct1 ,lat4 adjunctus1 from ad and jungere1 to join to3 a modifier or subordinate element of a sentence4 ,,ad',,verb1 ,lat4 adverbium1 from ad1 to1 and verbum1 word1 verb3 a word used to modify the meaning of a verb1 an adjective1 or another adverb4 ,,anal',,ysis1 ,gr4 analusis1 from ana and luein1 to unloose1 to resolve into its elements3 the separation of a sentence into its constituent elements4 ,,antece',,dent1 ,lat4 antecedens1 pres4 part4 of antecedere1 to go before3 the noun or pronoun represented by a relative pronoun4 ,,apposi',,tion1 ,lat4 appositio1 from ad1 to1 and ponere1 to place beside3 the state of two nouns put in the same case without a connecting word between them4 ,,ar',,ticle1 ,lat4 articulus1 a little joint3 one of the three words1 a1 an1 or the4 ,,auxil',,iary1 ,lat4 auxiliaris1 from auxilium1 help1 aid3 a verb used to assist in conjugating other verbs4 ,,case1 ,lat4 casus1 from cadere1 to fall1 to happen3 a grammatical form denoting the relation of a noun or pronoun to some other word in the sentence4 ,,clause1 ,lat4 claudere1 clausum1 to shut3 a dependent proposition introduced by a connective4 ,,compar',,ison1 ,lat4 comparatio1 from comparare1 to liken to3 a variation in the form of an adjective or adverb to express degrees of quantity or quality4 ,,com',,plement1 ,lat4 complementum1 from con and plere1 to fill fully3 the word or words required to complete the predication of a transitive verb4 ,,com',,plex 7sentence71 ,lat4 complexus1 from con and plectere1 to twist around3 a sentence consisting of one independent proposition and one or more clauses4 ,,com',,pound 7sentence71 ,lat4 componere 7 con and ponere71 to put together3 a sentence consisting of two or more independent propositions4 ,,conjuga',,tion1 ,lat4 conjugatio1 from con and jugare1 to join together3 the systematic arrangement of a verb according to its various grammatical forms4 ,,conjunction1 ,lat4 conjunctio1 from con and jungere1 to join together3 a word used to connect sentences or the elements of sentences4 ,,declen',,sion1 ,lat4 declinatio1 from declinare1 to lean or incline3 the process of giving in regular order the cases and numbers of a noun or pronoun4 ,,ellip',,sis1 ,gr4 elleipsis1 a leaving or defect3 the omission of a word or words necessary to complete the grammatical structure of the sentence4 ,,etymol',,ogy1 ,gr4 etumologia1 from etumon1 the true literal sense of a word1 and logos1 a discourse3 that division of grammar which treats of the classification and grammatical forms of words4 ,,fem',,inine 7gender71 ,lat4 femininus1 from femina1 woman3 the gender of a noun denoting a person of the female sex4 ,,gen',,der1 ,lat4 genus1 generis1 kind3 a grammatical form expressing the sex or non-sex of an object named by a noun4 ,,gram',,mar1 ,gr4 gramma1 a letter1 through ,fr4 grammaire3 the science of language4 ,,imper',,ative 7mood71 ,lat4 imperativus1 from imperare1 to command3 the mood of a verb used in the statement of a command or request4 ,,indic',,ative 7mood71 ,lat4 indicativus1 from indicare1 to proclaim3 the mood of a verb used in the statement of a fact1 or of a matter taken as a fact4 ,,inflec',,tion1 ,lat4 inflexio1 from inflectere1 to bend in3 a change in the ending of a word4 ,,interjec',,tion1 ,lat4 interjectio1 from inter and jacere1 to throw between3 a word which expresses an emotion1 but which does not enter into the construction of the sentence4 ,,intran',,sitive 7verb71 ,lat4 intransitivus in1 not1 and transitivus1 from trans and ire1 itum1 to go beyond3 a verb that denotes a state or condition1 or an action not terminating on an object4 ,,mas',,culine 7gender71 ,lat4 masculus1 male3 the gender of a noun describing a person of the male sex4 ,,mode4 ,see mood4 ,,mood1 ,lat4 modus1 through ,fr4 mode1 manner3 a grammatical form denoting the style of predication4 ,,neu',,ter 7gender71 ,lat4 neuter1 neither3 the gender of a noun denoting an object without life4 ,,nom',,inative 7case71 ,lat4 nominativus1 from nomen1 a name3 that form which a noun has when it is the subject of a verb4 ,,noun1 ,lat4 nomen1 a name1 through ,fr4 nom3 a name-word1 the name of anything4 ,,num',,ber1 ,lat4 numerus1 through ,fr4 nombre1 number3 a grammatical form expressing one or more than one of the objects named by a noun or pronoun4 ,,ob',,ject1 ,lat4 ob and jacere1 to set before3 that toward which an activity is directed or is considered to be directed4 ,,objec',,tive 7case71 ,lat4 objectivus1 from ob and jacere3 the case which follows a transitive verb or a preposition4 ,,parse1 ,lat4 pars1 a part3 to point out the several parts of speech in a sentence and their relation to one another4 ,,par',,ticiple1 ,lat4 participium1 from pars1 part1 and capere1 to take1 to share3 a verbal adjective1 a word which shares or participates in the nature both of the verb and of the adjective4 ,,per',,son1 ,lat4 persona1 the part taken by a performer3 a grammatical form which shows whether the speaker is meant1 the person spoken to1 or the person spoken of4 ,,phrase1 ,gr4 phrasis1 a brief expression1 from phrazein1 to speak3 a combination of related words forming an element of a sentence4 ,,ple',,onasm1 ,gr4 pleonasmos1 from pleion1 more3 the use of more words to express an idea than are necessary4 ,,plu',,ral 7number71 ,lat4 pluralis1 from plus1 pluris1 more3 the number which designates more than one4 ,,possess',,ive 7case71 ,lat4 possessivus1 from possidere1 to own3 that form which a noun or pronoun has in order to denote ownership or possession4 ,,poten',,tial 7mood71 ,lat4 potens1 potentis1 being able3 the mood of a verb used in the statement of something possible or contingent4 ,,predicate1 ,lat4 prdicatum1 from pr and dicare1 to proclaim3 the word or words in a proposition which express what is affirmed of the subject4 ,,preposi',,tion1 ,lat4 prpositio1 from pr and ponere1 to put before3 a connective word expressing a relation of meaning between a noun or pronoun and some other word4 ,,pro',,noun1 ,lat4 pronomen1 from pro1 for1 and nomen1 a noun3 a word used instead of a noun4 ,,prop',,osition1 ,lat4 propositio1 from proponere 7pro and ponere71 to put forth3 the combination of a subject with a predicate4 ,,rel',,ative 7pronoun71 ,lat4 relativus1 from re and ferre1 latus1 to bear back3 a pronoun that refers to an antecedent noun or pronoun4 ,,sen',,tence1 ,lat4 sententia1 from sentire1 to think3 a combination of words expressing a complete thought4 ,,sim',,ple 7sentence71 ,lat4 simplex1 from sine1 without1 and plica1 fold3 a sentence having but one subject and one predicate4 ,,sub',,ject1 ,lat4 subjectus1 from sub and jacere1 to place under3 that of which something is predicated4 ,,subjunc',,tive 7mood71 ,lat4 subjunctivus1 from sub and jungere1 to subjoin3 the mood used in the statement of something merely thought of4 ,,syn',,tax1 ,gr4 suntaxis1 from sun1 together1 and taxis1 arrangement3 that division of grammar which treats of the relations of words in sentences4 ,,tense1 ,lat4 tempus1 time1 through ,fr4 temps3 a grammatical form of the verb denoting the time of the action or event4 ,,tran',,sitive1 ,lat4 transitivus1 from trans and ire1 itum1 to pass over3 a verb that denotes an action terminating on some object4 ,,verb1 ,lat4 verbum1 a word3 a word that predicates action or being4 ,,voice1 ,lat4 vox1 vocis1 voice1 through ,fr4 voix3 a grammatical form of the transitive verb1 expressing whether the subject names the actor or the recipient of the action4 #c4--,,terms ,,in ,,arithmetic4 ,,addi',,tion1 ,lat4 additio1 from addere1 to add4 ,,al',,iquot1 ,lat4 aliquot1 some4 ,,arith',,metic1 ,gr4 adj4 arithmetike1 numerical1 from n4 arithmos1 number4 ,,avoirdupois'1 ,fr4 avoir du pois1 to have a fixed or standard weight4 ,,cancella',,tion1 ,lat4 cancellatio1 from cancellare1 to make like a lattice 7cancelli71 to strike or cross out4 ,,cent1 ,lat4 centum1 a hundred4 ,,ci',,pher1 ,arabic sifrun1 empty1 zero4 ,,cube1 ,gr4 kubos1 a cubical die4 ,,dec',,imal1 ,lat4 decimus1 tenth1 from decem1 ten4 ,,denom',,inator1 ,lat4 denominare1 from de and nominare 7nomen1 a name71 to call by name4 ,,dig',,it1 ,lat4 digitus1 a finger4 ,,div',,idend1 ,lat4 dividendus1 to be divided1 from dividere1 to divide4 ,,divis',,ion1 ,lat4 divisio1 from dividere1 to divide4 ,,divi',,sor1 ,sp4 divisor1 that which divides1 from ,lat4 dividere1 to divide4 ,,dol',,lar1 ,ger4 thaler1 an abbreviation of ,joachimsthaler1 i4e4 a piece of money first coined1 about #aeah1 in the valley 7thal7 of ,st4 ,joachim1 in ,bohemia4 ,,equa',,tion1 ,lat4 quatio1 from quus1 equal4 ,,expo',,nent1 ,lat4 exponens1 pres4 part4 of exponere1 to set forth 7 ex and ponere74 ,,fac',,tor1 ,lat4 factor1 that which does something1 from facere1 factum1 to do or make4 ,,fig',,ure1 ,lat4 figura1 shape1 from fingere1 to form or shape4 ,,frac',,tion1 ,lat4 fractio1 from frangere1 to break4 ,,in',,teger1 ,lat4 integer1 untouched1 whole4 ,,in',,terest1 ,lat4 interest it interests1 is of interest 7#c;d per4 sing4 pres4 indic4 of interesse1 to be between1 to be of importance74 ,,min',,uend1 ,lat4 minuendus1 to be diminished1 from minuere1 to lessen4 ,,mul',,tiple1 ,lat4 multiplex1 from multus1 much1 and plicare1 to fold4 ,,mul',,tiply1 ,,multiplication1 etc4 ,see multiple4 ,,naught1 ,anglo-,sax4 nawhit1 from ne1 not1 and awiht or auht1 aught1 anything4 ,,nota',,tion1 ,lat4 notatio1 from notare1 to mark 7nota1 a mark74 ,,numera',,tion1 ,lat4 numeratio1 from numerus1 a number4 ,,quo',,tient1 ,lat4 quoties1 how often1 how many times1 from quot1 how many4 ,,subtraction1 ,lat4 subtractio1 from sub and trahere1 to draw from under4 ,u',,nit1 ,lat4 unus1 one4 ,,ze',,ro1 ,arabic ifrun1 empty1 cipher4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,notes4 #a ,to teachers who are unacquainted with the original ,word-,analysis1 the following extract from the ,preface to that work may not be out of place3-- ,the treatment of the ,latin derivatives in ,part ,,ii4 presents a new and important feature1 to wit3 the systematic analysis of the structure and organism of derivative words1 together with the statement of their primary meaning in such form that the pupil inevitably perceives its relation with the root1 and in fact makes its primary meaning by the very process of analyzing the word into its primitive and its modifying prefix or suffix4 ,it presents1 also1 a marked improvement in the method of approaching the definition1--a method by which the definition is seen to grow out of the primary meaning1 and by which the analytic faculty of the pupil is exercised in tracing the transition from the primary meaning to the secondary and figurative meanings1--thus converting what is ordinarily a matter of rote into an agreeable exercise of the thinking faculty4 ,another point of novelty in the method of treatment is presented in the copious practical exercises on the use of words4 ,the experienced instructor very well knows that pupils may memorize endless lists of terms and definitions without having any realization of the actual living power of words4 ,such a realization can only be gained by using the word1--by turning it over in a variety of ways1 and by throwing upon it the side-lights of its synonym and contrasted word4 ,the method of thus utilizing ,english derivatives gives a study which possesses at once simplicity and fruitfulness1--the two desiderata of an instrument of elementary discipline4 #b ,etymology1 ,greek et'umon1 the true literal sense of a word according to its derivation1 and log'os1 a discourse4 #c ,vocabulary1 ,latin vocabula'rium1 a stock of words2 from vox1 vocis1 a voice1 a word4 #d ,by the ,low ,german languages are meant those spoken in the low1 flat countries of ,north ,germany1 along the coast of the ,north ,sea 7as ,dutch1 the language of ,holland72 and they are so called in contradistinction to ,high ,german1 or ,german proper4 #e ,for the full definition1 reference should be had to a dictionary2 but in the present exercise the literal or etymological signification may suffice4 #f ,fen'do1 fen'dere1 is used in ,latin only in composition4 #g ,another mode of spelling defense4 #h ,from pass and over1 a feast of the ,jews instituted to commemorate the providential escape of the ,jews to ,egypt1 when ,god1 smiting the first-born of the ,egyptians passed over the houses of the ,israelites1 which were marked with the blood of the paschal lamb4 #i ,for the explanation of the etymology see ,webster's ,unabridged4 #aj ,for is different from fore1 and corresponds to the ,german ver1 different from vor4 ,a1 be1 for1 ge1 are often indifferently prefixed to verbs1 especially to perfect tenses and perfect participles1 as well as to verbal nouns4--,,bosworth4 #aa ,ster was the ,anglo-,saxon feminine termination4 ,females once conducted the work of brewing1 baking1 etc41 hence brewster1 baxter2 these words were afterwards applied to men when they undertook the same work4 ,ster is now used in depreciating1 as in trickster1 youngster4