,transcrib]'s note3 ,translit]ation ( ,greek words appe>s betwe5 signs4 ,libr>y ,edition ,,! ,,complete ,,works ,,( ,,john ,,rusk9 ,,cr[n ,,( ,,wild ,,olive ,,"t ,,& ,,tide ,,que5 ,,( ,,! ,,air ,,lectures ,,on ,,art ,,& ,,l&scape ,,aratra ,,p5telici ,,national ,,libr>y ,,association ,,new ,,york ,,*icago 999999 ,,lectures ,,on ,,art4 ,,deliv]$ ,,be=e ,,! ,,univ]sity ,,( ,,ox=d ,,9 ,,hil>y ,,t]m1 #ahgj4 999999 ,,cont5ts4 ,,lecture ,i4 ,,inaugural #a ,,lecture ,,ii4 ,,! ,,relation ,,( ,,art ,,to ,,religion #bd ,,lecture ,,iii4 ,,! ,,relation ,,( ,,art ,,to ,,morals #df ,,lecture ,,iv4 ,,! ,,relation ,,( ,,art ,,to ,,use #ff ,,lecture ,v4 ,,l9e #hf ,,lecture ,,vi4 ,,light #ajb ,,lecture ,,vii4 ,,col\r #abc ,,preface ,,to ,,! ,,edition ,,( #ahhg4 ,! foll[+ lectures 7 ! mo/ important piece ( my lit]>y "w done ) unabat$ p[]1 be/ motive1 & happie/ concurr5ce ( circum/ance4 ,!y 7 writt5 & deliv]$ :ile my "m yet liv$1 & _h vivide/ sympa?y 9 all ,i 0 attempt+2--:ile also my fri5ds put unbrok5 tru/ 9 me1 & ! c\rse ( /udy ,i _h foll[$ seem$ to fit me = ! acceptance ( noble tasks & grav] responsibilities ?an ^? only ( a curi\s travel]1 or casual tea*]4 ,m5 ( ! pres5t _w may smile at ! sangu9e utt]ances ( ! fir/ f\r lectures3 b x has n be5 :olly my own fault t !y h rema9$ unfulfill$2 nor d ,i retract "o ^w ( hope = ! success ( o!r ma/]s1 nor a s+le promise made to ! s9c]ity ( ! /ud5t's labor1 on ! l9es "h indicat$4 ,x w\ld h be5 necess>y to my success1 t ,i %\ld h accept$ p]man5t resid5ce 9 ,ox=d1 & scatt]$ none ( my en]gy 9 o!r tasks4 ,b ,i *ose to sp5d half my "t at ,coni/on ,wat]head2 & to use half my =ce 9 attempts to =m a new social organization1--! ,/4 ,george's ,guild1--:i* made all my ,ox=d colleagues di/ru/ful ( me1 & _m ( my ,ox=d he>]s contemptu\s4 ,my "m's dea? 9 #ahga1 & t ( a de> fri5d 9 #ahge1 took away ! p]sonal joy ,i _h 9 any?+ ,i wrote or design$3 & 9 #ahgf1 feel+ unable = ,ox=d duty1 ,i obta9$ a ye>'s leave ( re/1 &1 by ! k9d & wise c\nsel ( ,pr9ce ,leopold1 w5t to ,v5ice1 to reconsid] ! =m into :i* ,i _h ca/ h] hi/ory 9 ! ab/ract ( x giv5 9 ! ,/ones ( ,v5ice4 ,! m true & close view ( t hi/ory1 begun 9 ,/4 ,m>k's ,re/1 & ! fre% ar*itectural draw+s made "u ! /imulus ( x1 l$ me =w>d into new fields ( ?\ght1 inconsi/5t ) ! daily att5dance ne$$ by my ,ox=d classes2 & 9 my discont5t ) ! /ate ,i saw !m 91 & my inability to return to _! guidance )\t ab&onm5t ( all my designs ( ,v5etian & ,italian hi/ory1 began ! s]ies ( vexations :i* end$ 9 ! v ne>ly mortal illness ( #ahgh4 ,s9ce1 !re=e1 ! p]iod ( my effective action 9 ,ox=d 0 only f #ahgj to #ahge1 x c sc>cely be matt] ( surprise or repro( t ,i c\ld n 9 t "t obta9 g5]al tru/ 9 a sy/em ( tea*+ :i*1 ?\gh f\nd$ on t ( ,da ,v9ci & ,reynolds1 0 at v>iance ) ! practice ( all rec5t ,european academy s*ools2 nor e/abli%--on ! unassi/$ res\rces ( ! ,slade ,pr(essor%ip--! s*ools ( ,sculpture1 ,ar*itecture1 ,metal-"w1 & manuscript ,illum9ation1 ( :i* ! design is confid5tly trac$ 9 ! f\r inaugural lectures4 ,9 revis+ ! book1 ,i h indicat$ z 9 ! la/ edition ( ! ,sev5 ,lamps1 passages :i* ! /ud5t w f9d g5]ally applicable1 & 9 all _! be>+s useful1 z di/+ui%$ f ^? reg>d+ only _! imm$iate subject4 ,! relative importance ( ^! broad] /atem5ts1 ,i aga9 indicate by ! use ( capitals or italics2 & if ! read] w index ! s5t5ces he f9ds useful = 8 own "w1 9 ! blank pages left = t purpose at ! close ( ! volume1 he w c]ta9ly get m good ( !m ?an if !y _h be5 gr\p$ = him accord+ to ! au?or's notion ( _! cont5ts4 ,,s&gate1 #aj? ,janu>y1 #ahhh4 ,,lectures ,,on ,,art ,,lecture ,i ,,inaugural #a4 ,! duty :i* is to-day laid on me1 ( introduc+1 among ! elem5ts ( education appo9t$ 9 ?is great ,univ]sity1 "o n only new1 b su* z to involve 9 its possible results "s modification ( ! re/1 is1 z y well feel1 s grave1 t no man c\ld und]take x )\t lay+ himself op5 to ! imputation ( a k9d ( insol5ce2 & no man c\ld und]take x rightly1 )\t be+ 9 dang] ( hav+ 8 h&s %ort5$ by dread ( 8 task1 & mi/ru/ ( himself4 ,& x has *anc$ to me1 ( late1 to be s little acqua9t$ ei!r ) pride or hope1 t ,i c sc>cely recov] s mu* z ,i n[ ne$1 ( ! "o = /r5g?1 & ( ! o!r = =esight1 except by rememb]+ t noble p]sons1 & fri5ds ( ! high temp] t judges mo/ cle>ly :]e x loves be/1 h desir$ t ?is tru/ %\ld be giv5 me3 & by re/+ also 9 ! conviction t ! goodly tree ^: roots1 by ,god's help1 we set 9 e>? to-day1 w n fail ( its height because ! plant+ ( x is "u poor auspices1 or ! fir/ %oots ( x enfeebl$ by ill g>d5+4 #b4 ,! munific5ce ( ! ,engli% g5tleman to :om we owe ! f\nd+ ( ?is ,pr(essor%ip at once 9 our ?ree great ,univ]sities1 has accompli%$ ! fir/ great gr\p ( a s]ies ( *anges n[ tak+ gradual effect 9 our sy/em ( public education1 :i*1 z y well "k1 are ! sign ( a vital *ange 9 ! national m9d1 respect+ bo? ! pr9ciples on :i* t education %\ld be conduct$1 & ! ranks ( society to :i* x %\ld ext5d4 ,=1 :]eas x 0 =m]ly ?\ght t ! discipl9e necess>y to =m ! "* ( y\? 0 be/ giv5 9 ! /udy ( ab/ract bran*es ( lit]ature & philosophy1 x is n[ ?\ght t ! same1 or a bett]1 discipl9e may be giv5 by in=m+ m5 9 e>ly ye>s ( ! ?+s x w be ( *ief practical advantage to !m aft]w>ds to "k2 & by p]mitt+ to !m ! *oice ( any field ( /udy :i* !y may feel to be be/ adapt$ to _! p]sonal dispositions4 ,i h always us$ :at poor influ5ce ,i possess$ 9 advanc+ ?is *ange2 nor c any "o rejoice m ?an ,i 9 its practical results4 ,b ! completion--,i w n v5ture to say1 correction--( a sy/em e/abli%$ by ! highe/ wisdom ( noble ance/ors1 _c be too rev]5tly und]tak53 & x is necess>y = ! ,engli% p1 :o are sometimes viol5t 9 *ange 9 proportion to ! reluctance ) :i* !y admit its necessity1 to be n[1 (t5] ?an at o!r times1 rem9d$ t ! object ( in/ruction "h is n prim>ily atta9m5t1 b discipl9e2 & t a y\? is s5t to our ,univ]sities1 n 7hi!rto at lea/7 to be appr5tic$ to a trade1 nor ev5 always to be advanc$ 9 a pr(ession2 b1 always1 to be made a g5tleman & a s*ol>4 #c4 ,to be made ^!1--if !re is 9 him ! mak+ ( ei!r4 ,! populaces ( civilis$ c\ntries h lately be5 "u a fev]i% impression t x is possible = all m5 to be bo?2 & t hav+ once become1 by pass+ ?r\gh c]ta9 me*anical processes ( in/ruction1 g5tle & le>n$1 !y are sure to atta9 9 ! sequel ! consummate beatitude ( be+ ri*4 ,ri*1 9 ! way & measure 9 :i* x is well = !m to be s1 !y may1 )\t d\bt1 all become4 ,!re is inde$ a l& ( ,havilah op5 to !m1 ( :i* ! wond]ful s5t5ce is lit]ally true--,! gold ( t l& is good4 ,b !y mu/ fir/ und]/&1 t education1 9 its deepe/ s5se1 is n ! equalis]1 b ! disc]n]1 ( m52#a & t1 s f> f be+ in/rum5ts = ! collection ( ri*es1 ! fir/ lesson ( wisdom is to disda9 !m1 & ( g5tl5ess1 to diffuse4 ,footnote #a3 ,! full mean+ ( ?is s5t5ce1 & ( t :i* closes ! p>agraph1 c only be und]/ood by ref]5ce to my m develop$ /atem5ts on ! subject ( ,education 9 ,mod]n ,pa9t]s & 9 ,"t & ,tide4 ,! foll[+ f\r? p>agraph is ! mo/ pregnant summ>y ( my political & social pr9ciples ,i h ev] be5 able to give4 ,x is n !re=e1 z f> z we c judge1 yet possible = all m5 to be g5tlem5 & s*ol>s4 ,ev5 "u ! be/ tra9+ "s w rema9 too selfi% to refuse weal?1 & "s too dull to desire leisure4 ,b _m m might be s ?an are n[2 nay1 p]haps all m5 9 ,engl& might "o day be s1 if ,engl& truly desir$ h] supremacy among ! nations to be 9 k9dness & 9 le>n+4 ,to :i* good end1 x w inde$ contribute t we add "s practice ( ! l[] arts to our s*eme ( ,univ]sity education2 b ! ?+ :i* is vitally necess>y is1 t we %\ld ext5d ! _s ( ,univ]sity education to ! practice ( ! l[] arts4 #d4 ,&1 above all1 x is ne$ful t we d ?is by r$eem+ !m f _! pres5t pa9 ( self-contempt1 & by giv+ !m re/4 ,x has be5 too long boa/$ z ! pride ( ,engl&1 t out ( a va/ multitude ( m51 confess$ to be 9 evil case1 x 0 possible = individuals1 by /r5u\s ef=t1 & r>e good =tune1 occasionally to em]ge into ! light1 & look back ) self-gratulatory scorn ^u ! occupations ( _! p>5ts1 & ! circum/ances ( _! infancy4 ,ought we n r to aim at an ideal ( national life1 :51 ( ! employm5ts ( ,engli%m51 ?\gh ea* %all be di/9ct1 none %all be unhappy or ignoble2 :5 me*anical op]ations1 ackn[l$g$ to be debas+ 9 _! t5d5cy1#b %all be deput$ to less =tunate & m covet\s races2 :5 advance f rank to rank1 ?\gh possible to all m51 may be r %unn$ ?an desir$ by ! be/2 & ! *ief object 9 ! m9d ( e citiz5 may n be extrication f a condition admitt$ to be disgraceful1 b fulfilm5t ( a duty :i* %all be also a bir?right8 ,footnote #b3 te*nai epirrtoi1 comp>e page #ha4 #e4 ,& !n1 ! tra9+ ( all ^! di/9ct classes w n be by ,univ]sities ( g5]al k1 b by di/9ct s*ools ( su* k z %all be mo/ useful = e class3 9 :i*1 fir/ ! pr9ciples ( _! special bus9ess may be p]fectly taught1 & :atev] high] le>n+1 & cultivation ( ! faculties = receiv+ & giv+ pleasure1 may be prop]ly jo9$ ) t lab\r1 taught 9 connection ) x4 ,?us1 ,i d n despair ( see+ a ,s*ool ( ,agriculture1 ) its fully-end[$ in/itutes ( zoology1 botany1 & *emi/ry2 & a ,s*ool ( ,m]cantile ,seaman%ip1 ) its in/itutes ( a/ronomy1 meteorology1 & natural hi/ory ( ! sea3 &1 to "n only "o ( ! f9]1 ,i d n say high]1 arts1 we %all1 ,i hope1 9 a little "t1 h a p]fect s*ool ( ,metal-"w1 at ! head ( :i* w be1 n ! ironma/]s1 b ! goldsmi?s3 & !re91 ,i believe1 t arti/s1 be+ taught h[ to deal wisely ) ! mo/ preci\s ( metals1 w take into due gov]nm5t ! uses ( all o!rs4 ,b ,i mu/ n p]mit myself to fail 9 ! e/imate ( my imm$iate duty1 :ile ,i debate :at t duty may h]eaft] become 9 ! h&s ( o!rs2 & ,i w !re=e n[1 s f> z ,i am able1 lay be=e y a brief g5]al view ( ! exi/+ /ate ( ! arts 9 ,engl&1 & ( ! influ5ce :i* h] ,univ]sities1 ?r\gh ^! newly-f\nd$ lecture%ips1 may1 ,i hope1 br+ to be> ^u x = good4 #f4 ,we h fir/ to consid] ! impulse :i* has be5 giv5 to ! practice ( all ! arts by ! ext5sion ( our comm]ce1 & enl>g$ means ( int]c\rse ) =eign nations1 by :i* we n[ become m famili>ly acqua9t$ ) _! works 9 pa/ & 9 pres5t times4 ,! imm$iate result ( ^! new opportunities1 ,i regret to say1 has be5 to make u m jeal\s ( ! g5ius ( o!rs1 ?an consci\s ( ! limitations ( our own2 & to make u r desire to enl>ge our weal? by ! sale ( art1 ?an to elevate our enjoym5ts by its acquisition4 ,n[1 :atev] ef=ts we make1 ) a true desire to produce1 & possess1 ?+s t are intr9sically beautiful1 h 9 !m at lea/ "o ( ! ess5tial elem5ts ( success4 ,b ef=ts hav+ orig9 only 9 ! hope ( enri*+ ourselves by ! sale ( our productions1 are assur$ly condemn$ to di%on\rable failure2 n because1 ultimately1 a well-tra9$ nation is =bidd5 to pr(it by ! ex]cise ( its peculi> art-skill2 b because t peculi> art-skill c nev] be develop$ ) a view to pr(it4 ,! "r fulfilm5t ( national p[] 9 art dep5ds always on ,,! ,,direction ,,( ,,its ,,aim ,,by ,,! ,,exp]i5ce ,,( ,,ages4 ,self-k is n less difficult1 nor less necess>y = ! direction ( its g5ius1 to a p ?an to an individual2 & x is nei!r to be acquir$ by ! eag]ness ( unpractis$ pride1 nor dur+ ! anxieties ( improvid5t di/ress4 ,no nation ev] _h1 or w h1 ! p[] ( sudd5ly develop+1 "u ! pressure ( necessity1 faculties x _h neglect$ :5 x 0 at ease2 nor ( tea*+ itself 9 pov]ty1 ! skill to produce1 :at x has nev]1 9 opul5ce1 _h ! s5se to admire4 #g4 ,connect$ also ) "s ( ! wor/ p>ts ( our social sy/em1 b capable ( be+ direct$ to bett] result ?an ?is comm]cial endeav\r1 we see lately a mo/ p[]ful impulse giv5 to ! production ( co/ly works ( art1 by ! v>i\s causes :i* promote ! sudd5 accumulation ( weal? 9 ! h&s ( private p]sons4 ,we h ?us a va/ & new patronage1 :i*1 9 its pres5t ag5cy1 is injuri\s to our s*ools2 b :i* is nev]!less 9 a great degree e>ne/ & consci5ti\s1 & f> f be+ influ5c$ *iefly by motives ( o/5tation4 ,mo/ ( our ri* m5 w\ld be glad to promote ! true int]e/s ( art 9 ?is c\ntry3 & ev5 ^? :o buy = vanity1 f\nd _! vanity on ! possession ( :at !y suppose to be be/4 ,x is !re=e 9 a great measure ! fault ( arti/s !mselves if !y suff] f ?is p>tly un9tellig5t1 b ?or\ghly well-int5d$1 patronage4 ,if !y seek to attract x by ecc5tricity1 to deceive x by sup]ficial qualities1 or take advantage ( x by ?\ghtless & facile production1 !y necess>ily degrade !mselves & x toge!r1 & h no "r to compla9 aft]w>ds t x w n ackn[l$ge bett]-gr\nd$ claims4 ,b if e pa9t] ( real p[] w\ld d only :at he knew to be wor?y ( himself1 & refuse to be involv$ 9 ! cont5tion = undes]v$ or accid5tal success1 !re is inde$1 :atev] may h be5 ?\ght or said to ! contr>y1 true in/9ct en\gh 9 ! public m9d to foll[ su* firm guidance4 ,x is "o ( ! facts :i* ! exp]i5ce ( ?irty ye>s enables me to ass]t )\t qualification1 t a really good picture is ultimately always approv$ & b\ght1 unless x is wilfully r5d]$ (f5sive to ! public by faults :i* ! arti/ has be5 ei!r too pr\d to ab&on or too weak to correct4 #h4 ,! developm5t ( :atev] is heal?ful & s]viceable 9 ! two modes ( impulse :i* we h be5 consid]+1 dep5ds h[ev]1 ultimately1 on ! direction tak5 by ! true int]e/ 9 art :i* has lately be5 ar\s$ by ! great & active g5ius ( _m ( our liv+1 or b lately lo/1 pa9t]s1 sculptors1 & ar*itects4 ,x may p]haps surprise1 b ,i ?9k x w please y to he> me1 or 7if y w =give me1 9 my own ,ox=d1 ! presumption ( fancy+ t "s may recognise me by an old "n7 to he> ! au?or ( ,mod]n ,pa9t]s say1 t 8 *ief error 9 e>li] days 0 n 9 ov] e/imat+1 b 9 too slightly ackn[l$g+ ! m]it ( liv+ m54 ,! great pa9t] ^: p[]1 :ile he 0 yet among u1 ,i 0 able to p]ceive1 0 ! fir/ to reprove me = my disreg>d ( ! skill ( 8 fell[-arti/s2 &1 ) ?is inauguration ( ! /udy ( ! art ( all "t1--a /udy :i* c only by true mode/y end 9 wise admiration1--x is surely well t ,i connect ! record ( ^! words ( 81 spok5 !n too truly to myself1 & true always m or less = all :o are untra9$ 9 t toil1--,y don't "k h[ difficult x is4 ,y w n expect me1 )9 ! compass ( ?is lecture1 to give y any analysis ( ! _m k9ds ( excell5t art 79 all ! ?ree great divisions7 :i* ! complex dem&s ( mod]n life1 & yet m v>i$ in/9cts ( mod]n g5ius1 h develop$ = pleasure or s]vice4 ,x mu/ be my endeav\r1 9 conjunction ) my colleagues 9 ! o!r ,univ]sities1 h]eaft] to enable y to appreciate ^! wor?ily2 9 ! hope t also ! memb]s ( ! ,royal ,academy1 & ^? ( ! ,in/itute ( ,briti% ,ar*itects1 may be induc$ to assi/1 & guide1 ! ef=ts ( ! ,univ]sities1 by organis+ su* a sy/em ( art-education = _! own /ud5ts1 z %all 9 future prev5t ! wa/e ( g5ius 9 any mi/ak5 endeav\rs2 especially remov+ d\bt z to ! prop] sub/ance & use ( mat]ials2 & requir+ compliance ) c]ta9 elem5t>y pr9ciples ( "r1 9 e picture & design exhibit$ ) _! sanction4 ,x is n inde$ possible = tal5t s v>i$ z t ( ,engli% arti/s to be compell$ into ! =malities ( a det]m9$ s*ool2 b x mu/ c]ta9ly be ! function ( e academical body to see t _! y\ng] /ud5ts are gu>d$ f :at mu/ 9 e s*ool be error2 & t !y are practis$ 9 ! be/ me?ods ( "w hi!rto kn[n1 be=e _! +5uity is direct$ to ! inv5tion ( o!rs4 #i4 ,i ne$ sc>cely ref]1 except = ! sake ( complet5ess 9 my /atem5t1 to "o =m ( dem& = art :i* is :olly un5light5$1 & p[]ful only = evil2--namely1 ! dem& ( ! classes occupi$ solely 9 ! pursuit ( pleasure1 = objects & modes ( art t c amuse indol5ce or excite passion4 ,!re is no ne$ = any discussion ( ^! requirem5ts1 or ( _! =ms ( influ5ce1 ?\gh !y are v deadly at pres5t 9 _! op]ation on sculpture1 & on jewell]s' "w4 ,!y _c be *eck$ by blame1 nor guid$ by in/ruction2 !y are m]ely ! necess>y result ( :atev] defects exi/ 9 ! temp] & pr9ciples ( a luxuri\s society2 & x is only by moral *anges1 n by art-criticism1 t _! action c be modifi$4 #aj4 ,la/ly1 !re is a cont9ually increas+ dem& = popul> art1 multipliable by ! pr9t+-press1 illu/rative ( daily ev5ts1 ( g5]al lit]ature1 & ( natural sci5ce4 ,admirable skill1 & "s ( ! be/ tal5t ( mod]n times1 are occupi$ 9 supply+ ?is want2 & !re is no limit to ! good :i* may be effect$ by rightly tak+ advantage ( ! p[]s we n[ possess ( plac+ good & lovely art )9 ! rea* ( ! poore/ classes4 ,mu* has be5 already accompli%$2 b great h>m has be5 done also1--fir/1 by =ms ( art def9itely address$ to deprav$ ta/es2 &1 secondly1 9 a m subtle way1 by really beautiful & useful engrav+s :i* are yet n good en\gh to reta9 _! influ5ce on ! public m9d2--:i* we>y x by r$undant quantity ( monoton\s av]age excell5ce1 & dim9i% or de/roy its p[] ( accurate att5tion to "w ( a high] ord]4 ,especially ?is is to be regrett$ 9 ! effect produc$ on ! s*ools ( l9e engrav+1 :i* _h rea*$ 9 ,engl& an executive skill ( a k9d be=e unexampl$1 & :i* ( late h lo/ mu* ( _! m /]l+ & legitimate me?ods4 ,/ill1 ,i h se5 plates produc$ q rec5tly1 m beautiful1 ,i ?9k1 9 "s qualities ?an any?+ ev] be=e atta9$ by ! bur93 & ,i h n ! slighte/ fe> t photography1 or any o!r adv]se or competitive op]ation1 w 9 ! lea/ ultimately dim9i%1--,i believe !y w1 on ! contr>y1 /imulate & exalt--! gr& old p[]s ( ! wood & ! /eel4 #aa4 ,su* are1 ,i ?9k1 briefly ! pres5t conditions ( art ) :i* we h to deal2 & ,i conceive x to be ! function ( ?is ,pr(essor%ip1 ) respect to !m1 to e/abli% bo? a practical & critical s*ool ( f9e art = ,engli% g5tlem53 practical1 s t if !y draw at all1 !y may draw rightly2 & critical1 s t be+ fir/ direct$ to su* works ( exi/+ art z w be/ rew>d _! /udy1 !y may aft]w>ds make _! patronage ( liv+ arti/s delightful to !mselves 9 _! consci\sness ( its ju/ice1 &1 to ! utmo/1 b5eficial to _! c\ntry1 by be+ giv5 to ! m5 :o des]ve x2 9 ! e>ly p]iod ( _! lives1 :5 !y bo? ne$ x mo/1 & c be influ5c$ by x to ! be/ advantage4 #ab4 ,& especially ) ref]5ce to ?is function ( patronage1 ,i believe myself ju/ifi$ 9 tak+ into acc\nt future probabilities z to ! "* & range ( art 9 ,engl&3 & ,i %all endeav\r at once to organise ) y a sy/em ( /udy calculat$ to develop *iefly ! k ( ^? bran*es 9 :i* ! ,engli% s*ools h %[n1 & are likely to %[1 peculi> excell5ce4 ,n[1 9 ask+ y\r sanction bo? = ! nature ( ! g5]al plans ,i wi% to adopt1 & = :at ,i conceive to be necess>y limitations ( !m1 ,i wi% y to be fully aw>e ( my reasons = bo?3 & ,i w !re=e risk ! burd5+ ( y\r pati5ce :ile ,i /ate ! directions ( ef=t 9 :i* ,i ?9k ,engli% arti/s are liable to failure1 & ^? also 9 :i* pa/ exp]i5ce has %[n !y are secure ( success4 #ac4 ,i ref]r$1 b n[1 to ! ef=t we are mak+ to improve ! designs ( our manufactures4 ,)9 c]ta9 limits ,i believe ?is improvem5t may inde$ take effect3 s t we may no m hum\r mom5t>y fa%ions by ugly results ( *ance in/ead ( design2 & may produce bo? good tissues1 ( h>moni\s col\rs1 & good =ms & sub/ance ( pott]y & glass4 ,b we %all nev] excel 9 decorative design4 ,su* design is usually produc$ by p ( great natural p[]s ( m9d1 :o h no v>iety ( subjects to employ !mselves on1 no oppressive anxieties1 & are 9 circum/ances ei!r ( natural sc5]y or ( daily life1 :i* cause pleasurable excitem5t4 ,we _c design1 because we h too mu* to ?9k (1 & we ?9k ( x too anxi\sly4 ,x has long be5 obs]v$ h[ little real anxiety exi/s 9 ! m9ds ( ! p>tly savage races :i* excel 9 decorative art2 & we mu/ n suppose t ! temp] ( ! ,middle ,ages 0 a tr\bl$ "o1 because e day br\ght its dang] or its *ange4 ,! v ev5tfulness ( ! life r5d]$ x c>eless1 z g5]ally is /ill ! case ) soldi]s & sailors4 ,n[1 :5 !re are great p[]s ( ?\ght1 & little to ?9k (1 all ! wa/e en]gy & fancy are ?r[n into ! manual "w1 & y h s mu* intellect z w\ld direct ! affairs ( a l>ge m]cantile conc]n = a day1 sp5t all at once1 q unconsci\sly1 9 draw+ an +5i\s spiral4 ,also1 p[]s ( do+ f9e ornam5tal "w are only to be rea*$ by a p]petual discipl9e ( ! h& z well z ( ! fancy2 discipl9e z att5tive & pa9ful z t :i* a juggl] has to put himself ?r\gh1 to ov]come ! m palpable difficulties ( 8 pr(ession4 ,! execution ( ! be/ arti/s is always a spl5did t\r-de-=ce2 & mu* t 9 pa9t+ is suppos$ to be dep5d5t on mat]ial is inde$ only a lovely & q inimitable leg]dema94 ,n[1 :5 p[]s ( fancy1 /imulat$ by ?is triumphant precision ( manual dext]ity1 desc5d un9t]rupt$ly f g5]ation to g5]ation1 y h at la/1 :at is n s mu* a tra9$ arti/1 z a new species ( animal1 ) ^: in/9ctive gifts y h no *ance ( cont5d+4 ,& ?us all our imitations ( o!r p's "w are futile4 ,we mu/ le>n fir/ to make hone/ ,engli% w>es1 & aft]w>ds to decorate !m z may please ! !n approv+ ,graces4 #ad4 ,secondly--& ?is is an incapacity ( a grav] k9d1 yet hav+ its own good 9 x also--we %all nev] be successful 9 ! highe/ fields ( ideal or !ological art4 ,= !re is "o /range1 b q ess5tial1 "* 9 u3 ev] s9ce ! ,conque/1 if n e>li]3--a delight 9 ! =ms ( burlesque :i* are connect$ 9 "s degree ) ! f\lness ( evil4 ,i ?9k ! mo/ p]fect type ( a true ,engli% m9d 9 its be/ possible temp]1 is t ( ,*auc]2 & y w f9d t1 :ile x is = ! mo/ "p full ( ?\ghts ( beauty1 pure & wild l t ( an ,april morn+1 !re are ev5 9 ! mid/ ( ?is1 sometimes mom5t>ily je/+ passages :i* /oop to play ) evil--:ile ! p[] ( li/5+ to & enjoy+ ! je/+ ( entirely gross p]sons1 :atev] ! feel+ may be :i* p]mits x1 aft]w>ds deg5]ates into =ms ( hum\r :i* r5d] "s ( q ! greate/1 wise/1 & mo/ moral ( ,engli% writ]s n[ almo/ useless = our y\?4 ,& yet y w f9d t :5ev] ,engli%m5 are :olly )\t ?is in/9ct1 _! g5ius is comp>atively weak & re/rict$4 #ae4 ,n[1 ! fir/ necessity = ! do+ ( any great "w 9 ideal art1 is ! look+ ^u all f\lness ) horror1 z a contemptible ?\gh dreadful enemy4 ,y may easily und]/& :at ,i mean1 by comp>+ ! feel+s ) :i* ,dante reg>ds any =m ( obsc5ity or ( base je/1 ) ! temp] 9 :i* ! same ?+s are reg>d$ by ,%akespe>e4 ,& ?is /range e>?ly in/9ct ( ours1 c\pl$ z x is1 9 our good m51 ) great simplicity & common s5se1 r5d]s !m %rewd & p]fect obs]v]s & del9eators ( actual nature1 l[ or high2 b precludes !m f t specialty ( art :i* is prop]ly call$ sublime4 ,if ev] we try any?+ 9 ! mann] ( ,mi*ael ,angelo or ( ,dante1 we cat* a fall1 ev5 9 lit]ature1 z ,milton 9 ! battle ( ! angels1 spoil$ f ,hesiod2 :ile 9 art1 e attempt 9 ?is /yle has hi!rto be5 ! sign ei!r ( ! presumptu\s egotism ( p]sons :o _h nev] really le>n$ to be workm51 or x has be5 connect$ ) v tragic =ms ( ! contemplation ( dea?1--x has always be5 p>tly insane1 & nev] once :olly successful4 ,b we ne$ n feel any discom=t 9 ^! limitations ( our capacity4 ,we c d mu* t o!rs _c1 & m ?an we h ev] yet ourselves completely done4 ,our fir/ great gift is 9 ! portraiture ( liv+ p--a p[] already s accompli%$ 9 bo? ,reynolds & ,ga9sbor\gh t no?+ is left = future ma/]s b to add ! calm ( p]fect workman%ip to _! vig\r & felicity ( p]ception4 ,& ( :at value a true s*ool ( portraiture may become 9 ! future1 :5 wor?y m5 w desire only to be kn[n1 & o!rs w n fe> to "k !m1 = :at !y truly 71 we _c f any pa/ records ( art influ5ce yet conceive4 ,b 9 my next address x w be p>tly my endeav\r to %[ y h[ mu* m useful1 because m humble1 ! lab\r ( great ma/]s might h be51 _h !y be5 cont5t to be> record ( ! s\ls t 7 dwell+ ) !m on e>?1 in/ead ( /riv+ to give a deceptive glory to ^? !y dream$ ( 9 heav54 #af4 ,secondly1 we h an int5se p[] ( inv5tion & expression 9 dome/ic drama2 7,k+ ,le> & ,hamlet be+ ess5tially dome/ic 9 _! /ronge/ motives ( int]e/74 ,!re is a t5d5cy at ?is mom5t t[>ds a noble developm5t ( our art 9 ?is direction1 *eck$ by _m adv]se conditions1 :i* may be summ$ 9 "o1--! insuffici5cy ( g5]\s civic or patriotic passion 9 ! he>t ( ! ,engli% p2 a fault :i* makes its dome/ic affection selfi%1 contract$1 &1 !re=e1 frivol\s4 #ag4 ,?irdly1 9 connection ) our simplicity & good-hum\r1 & p>tly ) t v love ( ! grotesque :i* debases our ideal1 we h a sympa?y ) ! l[] animals :i* is peculi>ly our own2 & :i*1 ?\gh x has already f\nd "s exquisite expression 9 ! works ( ,bewick & ,l&se]1 is yet q undevelop$4 ,?is sympa?y1 ) ! aid ( our n[ au?oritative sci5ce ( physiology1 & 9 association ) our ,briti% love ( adv5ture1 w1 ,i hope1 enable u to give to ! future inhabitants ( ! globe an almo/ p]fect record ( ! pres5t =ms ( animal life ^u x1 ( :i* _m are on ! po9t ( be+ ext+ui%$4 ,la/ly1 b n z ! lea/ important ( our special p[]s1 ,i h to note our skill 9 l&scape1 ( :i* ,i w pres5tly speak m p>ticul>ly4 #ah4 ,su* ,i conceive to be ! directions 9 :i*1 pr9cipally1 we h ! p[] to excel2 & y mu/ at once see h[ ! consid]ation ( !m mu/ modify ! advisable me?ods ( our art /udy4 ,= if our pr(essional pa9t]s 7 likely to produce pieces ( art l(tily ideal 9 _! "*1 x w\ld be desirable to =m ! ta/e ( ! /ud5ts "h by sett+ be=e !m only ! pure/ examples ( ,greek1 & ! mightie/ ( ,italian1 art4 ,b ,i d n ?9k y w yet f9d a s+le in/ance ( a s*ool direct$ exclusively to ^! high] bran*es ( /udy 9 ,engl&1 :i* has /rongly1 or ev5 def9itely1 made impression on its y\ng] s*ol>s4 ,:ile1 !re=e1 ,i %all endeav\r to po9t out cle>ly ! *>act]s to be look$ = & admir$ 9 ! great ma/]s ( imag9ative design1 ,i %all make no special ef=t to /imulate ! imitation ( !m2 & above all ?+s1 ,i %all try to probe 9 y1 & to prev5t1 ! affectation into :i* x is easy to fall1 ev5 ?r\gh mode/y1--( ei!r endeav\r+ to admire a gr&eur ) :i* we h no natural sympa?y1 or los+ ! pleasure we might take 9 ! /udy ( famili> ?+s1 by consid]+ x a sign ( ref9em5t to look = :at is ( high] class1 or r>] occurr5ce4 #ai4 ,aga91 if our artisans 7 likely to atta9 any di/+ui%$ skill 9 ornam5tal design1 x w\ld be incumb5t ^u me to make my class "h accurately acqua9t$ ) ! pr9ciples ( e>? & metal "w1 & to accu/om !m to take pleasure 9 conv5tional arrangem5ts ( col\r & =m4 ,i hope1 inde$1 to d ?is1 s f> z to enable !m to disc]n ! real m]it ( _m /yles ( art :i* are at pres5t neglect$2 &1 above all1 to read ! m9ds ( semi-b>b>ic nations 9 ! only language by :i* _! feel+s 7 capable ( expression2 & ^? memb]s ( my class ^: temp] incl9es !m to take pleasure 9 ! int]pretation ( my?ic symbols1 w n probably be induc$ to quit ! pr(\nd fields ( inve/igation :i* e>ly art1 exam9$ c>efully1 w op5 to !m1 & :i* belong to x alone3 = ?is is a g5]al law1 t suppos+ ! intellect ( ! workman ! same1 ! m imitatively complete 8 art1 ! less he w mean by x2 & ! rud] ! symbol1 ! deep] is its int5tion4 ,nev]!less1 :5 ,i h once suffici5tly po9t$ out ! nature & value ( ?is conv5tional "w1 & v9dicat$ x f ! contempt ) :i* x is too g5]ally reg>d$1 ,i %all leave ! /ud5t to 8 own pleasure 9 its pursuit2 & ev51 s f> z ,i may1 disc\rage all admiration f\nd$ on qua9tness or peculi>ity ( /yle2 & repress any o!r modes ( feel+ :i* are likely to lead r to fa/idi\s collection ( curiosities1 ?an to ! intellig5t appreciation ( "w :i*1 be+ execut$ 9 compliance ) con/ant laws ( "r1 _c be s+ul>1 & mu/ be di/+ui%$ only by excell5ce 9 :at is always desirable4 #bj4 ,:ile1 !re=e1 9 ^! & su* o!r directions1 ,i %all endeav\r to put e adequate means ( advance )9 rea* ( ! memb]s ( my class1 ,i %all use my own be/ en]gy to %[ !m :at is consummately beautiful & well done1 by m5 :o h pass$ ?r\gh ! symbolic or sugge/ive /age ( design1 & h enabl$ !mselves to comply1 by tru? ( repres5tation1 ) ! /ricte/ or mo/ eag] dem&s ( accurate sci5ce1 & ( discipl9$ passion4 ,i %all !re=e direct y\r obs]vation1 dur+ ! great] "p ( ! "t y may sp>e to me1 to :at is indisputably be/1 bo? 9 pa9t+ & sculpture2 tru/+ t y w aft]w>ds recognise ! nasc5t & p>tial skill ( =m] days bo? ) great] int]e/ & great] respect1 :5 y "k ! full difficulty ( :at x attempt$1 & ! complete range ( :at x =etold4 #ba4 ,& ) ?is view1 ,i %all at once endeav\r to d :at has = _m ye>s be5 9 my ?\ghts1 & n[1 ) ! advice & assi/ance ( ! curators ( ! ,univ]sity ,gall]ies1 ,i d n d\bt may be accompli%$ "h 9 ,ox=d1 j :]e x w be prem95tly useful--namely1 to arrange an educational s]ies ( examples ( excell5t art1 /&>ds to :i* y may at once ref] on any que/ionable po9t1 & by ! /udy ( :i* y may gradually atta9 an in/9ctive s5se ( "r1 :i* w aft]w>ds be liable to no s]i\s error4 ,su* a collection may be =m$1 bo? m p]fectly1 & m easily1 ?an w\ld commonly be suppos$4 ,= ! real utility ( ! s]ies w dep5d on its re/rict$ ext5t1--on ! sev]e exclusion ( all second-rate1 sup]flu\s1 or ev5 attractively v>i$ examples1--& ,on ! conf9+ ! /ud5ts' att5tion to a few types ( :at is insup]ably good4 ,m progress 9 p[] ( judgm5t may be made 9 a limit$ "t by ! exam9ation ( "o "w1 ?an by ! review ( _m2 & a c]ta9 degree ( vitality is giv5 to ! impressiv5ess ( e *>act]i/ic1 by its be+ exhibit$ 9 cle> contra/1 & )\t repetition4 ,! great] numb] ( ! examples ,i %all *oose w be only engrav+s or photographs3 !y %all be arrang$ s z to be easily accessible1 & ,i w prep>e a catalogue1 po9t+ out my purpose 9 ! selection ( ea*4 ,b 9 process ( "t1 ,i h good hope t assi/ance w be giv5 me by ! ,engli% public 9 mak+ ! s]ies "h no less spl5did ?an s]viceable2 & 9 plac+ m9or collections1 arrang$ on a simil> pr9ciple1 at ! comm& also ( ! /ud5ts 9 our public s*ools4 #bb4 ,9 ! second place1 ,i %all endeav\r to prevail ^u all ! y\ng] memb]s ( ! ,univ]sity :o wi% to att5d ! art lectures1 to give at lea/ s mu* "t to manual practice z may enable !m to und]/& ! nature & difficulty ( executive skill4 ,! "t s sp5t w n be lo/1 ev5 z reg>ds _! o!r /udies at ! ,univ]sity1 = ,i w prep>e ! practical ex]cises 9 a d\ble s]ies1 "o illu/rative ( hi/ory1 ! o!r ( natural sci5ce4 ,& :e!r y are draw+ a piece ( ,greek arm\r1 or a hawk's beak1 or a lion's paw1 y w f9d t ! m]e necessity ( us+ ! h& compels att5tion to circum/ances :i* w\ld o!rwise h escap$ notice1 & fa/5s !m 9 ! memory )\t f>!r ef=t4 ,b 7 x ev5 o!rwise1 & ?is practical tra9+ did really involve "s sacrifice ( y\r "t1 ,i d n fe> b t x w be ju/ifi$ to y by its felt results3 & ,i ?9k t g5]al public feel+ is also t5d+ to ! admission t accompli%$ education mu/ include1 n only full comm& ( expression by language1 b comm& ( true musical s\nd by ! voice1 & ( true =m by ! h&4 #bc4 ,:ile ,i myself hold ?is pr(essor%ip1 ,i %all direct y 9 ^! ex]cises v def9itely to natural hi/ory1 & to l&scape2 n only because 9 ^! two bran*es ,i am probably able to %[ y tru?s :i* might be despis$ by my successors3 b because ,i ?9k ! vital & joyful /udy ( natural hi/ory q ! pr9cipal elem5t requir+ introduction1 n only into ,univ]sity1 b into national1 education1 f highe/ to l[e/2 & ,i ev5 w risk incurr+ y\r ridicule by confess+ "o ( my fonde/ dreams1 t ,i may succe$ 9 mak+ "s ( y ,engli% y\?s l bett] to look at a bird ?an to %oot x2 & ev5 desire to make wild creatures tame1 in/ead ( tame creatures wild4 ,& = ! /udy ( l&scape1 x is1 ,i ?9k1 n[ calculat$ to be ( use 9 deep]1 if n m important modes1 ?an t ( natural sci5ce1 = reasons :i* ,i w ask y to let me /ate at "s l5g?4 #bd4 ,obs]ve fir/2--no race ( m5 :i* is entirely br$ 9 wild c\ntry1 f> f cities1 ev] enjoys l&scape4 ,!y may enjoy ! beauty ( animals1 b sc>cely ev5 t3 a true peasant _c see ! beauty ( cattle2 b only qualities expressive ( _! s]viceabl5ess4 ,i waive discussion ( ?is to-day2 p]mit my ass]tion ( x1 "u my confid5t gu>antee ( future pro(4 ,l&scape c only be enjoy$ by cultivat$ p]sons2 & x is only by music1 lit]ature1 & pa9t+1 t cultivation c be giv54 ,also1 ! faculties :i* are ?us receiv$ are h]$it>y2 s t ! *ild ( an educat$ race has an innate in/9ct = beauty1 d]iv$ f arts practis$ hundr$s ( ye>s be=e its bir?4 ,n[ f>!r note ?is1 "o ( ! lovelie/ ?+s 9 human nature4 ,9 ! *ildr5 ( noble races1 tra9$ by surr\nd+ art1 & at ! same "t 9 ! practice ( great de$s1 !re is an int5se delight 9 ! l&scape ( _! c\ntry z memorial2 a s5se n taught to !m1 nor tea*able to any o!rs2 b1 9 !m1 innate2 & ! seal & rew>d ( p]si/5ce 9 great national life2--! ob$i5ce & ! peace ( ages hav+ ext5d$ gradually ! glory ( ! rev]$ ance/ors also to ! ance/ral l&2 until ! ,mo!rhood ( ! du/1 ! my/]y ( ! ,demet] f ^: bosom we came1 & to ^: bosom we return1 surr\nds & inspires1 ev]y:]e1 ! local awe ( field & f\nta92 ! sacr$ness ( l&m>k t none may remove1 & ( wave t none may pollute2 :ile records ( pr\d days1 & ( de> p]sons1 make e rock monum5tal ) gho/ly inscription1 & e pa? lovely ) noble desolat5ess4 #be4 ,n[1 h[ev] *eck$ by lightness ( temp]am5t1 ! in/9ctive love ( l&scape 9 u has ?is deep root1 :i*1 9 y\r m9ds1 ,i w pray y to dis5cumb] f :atev] may oppress or mortify x1 & to /rive to feel ) all ! /r5g? ( y\r y\? t a nation is only wor?y ( ! soil & ! sc5es t x has inh]it$1 :51 by all its acts & arts1 x is mak+ !m m lovely = its *ildr54 ,& n[1 ,i tru/1 y w feel t x is n 9 m]e yield+ to my own fancies t ,i h *os51 = ! fir/ ?ree subjects 9 y\r educational s]ies1 l&scape sc5es2--two 9 ,engl&1 & "o 9 ,france1--! association ( ^! be+ n )\t purpose3--& = ! f\r? ,alb]t ,dr]'s dream ( ! ,_s ( ,lab\r4 ,& ( ! l&scape subjects1 ,i mu/ tell y ?is mu*4 ,! fir/ is an engrav+ only2 ! orig9al draw+ by ,turn] 0 de/roy$ by fire tw5ty ye>s ago4 ,= :i* loss ,i wi% y to be sorry1 & to rememb]1 9 connection ) ?is fir/ example1 t :atev] rema9s to u ( possession 9 ! arts is1 comp>$ to :at we might h _h if we _h c>$ = !m1 j :at t engrav+ is to ! lo/ draw+4 ,y w f9d also t its subject has mean+ 9 x :i* w n be h>mful to y4 ,! second example is a real draw+ by ,turn]1 9 ! same s]ies1 & v ne>ly ( ! same place2 ! two sc5es are )9 a qu>t] ( a mile ( ea* o!r4 ,x w %[ y ! "* ( ! "w t 0 de/roy$4 ,x w %[ y1 9 process ( "t1 mu* m2 b *iefly1 & ?is is my ma9 reason = *oos+ bo?1 x w be a p]man5t expression to y ( :at ,engli% l&scape 0 once2--& mu/1 if we are to rema9 a nation1 be aga94 ,i ?9k x f>!r "r to tell y1 = o!rwise y might h>dly pay reg>d en\gh to "w app>5tly s simple1 t by a *ance :i* is n altoge!r displeas+ to me1 ?is draw+1 :i* x has become1 = ^! reasons1 necess>y = me to give y1 is--n inde$ ! be/ ,i h1 7,i h sev]al z good1 ?\gh none bett]7--b1 ( all ,i h1 ! "o ,i _h lea/ m9d to "p )4 ,! ?ird example is also a ,turn] draw+--a sc5e on ! ,loire--nev] engrav$4 ,x is an introduction to ! s]ies ( ! ,loire1 :i* y h already2 x has 9 its pres5t place a due concurr5ce ) ! expressional purpose ( its companions2 & ?\gh small1 x is v preci\s1 be+ a faultless1 &1 ,i believe1 unsurpassable example ( wat]-col\r pa9t+4 ,*iefly1 h[ev]1 rememb] ! object ( ^! ?ree fir/ examples is to give y an index to y\r true/ feel+s ab\t ,european1 & especially ab\t y\r native l&scape1 z x is p5sive & hi/orical2 & s f> z y y\rselves make any ef=t at its repres5tation1 to give y a motive = fidelity 9 h&work m animat+ ?an any connect$ ) m]e success 9 ! art itself4 #bf4 ,) respect to actual me?ods ( practice1 ,i w n incur ! responsibility ( det]m9+ !m = y4 ,we w take ,lion>do's treatise on pa9t+ = our fir/ text-book2 & ,i ?9k y ne$ n fe> be+ misl$ by me if ,i ask y to d only :at ,lion>do bids1 or :at w be necess>y to enable y to d 8 bidd+4 ,b y ne$ n possess ! book1 nor read x ?r\gh4 ,i w translate ! pieces to ! au?ority ( :i* ,i %all appeal2 &1 9 process ( "t1 by analysis ( ?is fragm5t>y treatise1 %[ y "s *>act]s n usually und]/ood ( ! simplicity z well z subtlety common to mo/ great workm5 ( t age4 ,aft]w>ds we w collect ! in/ructions ( o!r undisput$ ma/]s1 till we h obta9$ a code ( laws cle>ly re/+ on ! cons5t ( antiquity4 ,:ile1 h[ev]1 ,i ?us 9 "s measure limit = ! pres5t ! me?ods ( y\r practice1 ,i %all endeav\r to make ! c\rses ( my ,univ]sity lectures z wide 9 _! range z my k w p]mit4 ,! range s conc$$ w be n>r[ en\gh2 b ,i believe t my prop] function is n to acqua9t y ) ! g5]al hi/ory1 b ) ! ess5tial pr9ciples ( art2 & ) its hi/ory only :5 x has be5 bo? great & good1 or :]e "s special excell5ce ( x requires exam9ation ( ! causes to :i* x mu/ be ascrib$4 #bg4 ,b if ei!r our "w1 or our enquiries1 are to be inde$ successful 9 _! own field1 !y mu/ be connect$ ) o!rs ( a /]n] "*4 ,n[ li/5 to me1 if ,i h 9 ^! pa/ details lo/ or burd5$ y\r att5tion2 = ?is is :at ,i h *iefly to say to y4 ,! art ( any c\ntry is ! expon5t ( its social & political virtues4 ,i w %[ y t x is s 9 "s detail1 9 ! second ( my subsequ5t c\rse ( lectures2 meantime accept ?is z "o ( ! ?+s1 & ! mo/ important ( all ?+s1 ,i c positively decl>e to y4 ,! art1 or g5]al productive & =mative en]gy1 ( any c\ntry1 is an exact expon5t ( its e?ical life4 ,y c h noble art only f noble p]sons1 associat$ "u laws fitt$ to _! "t & circum/ances4 ,& ! be/ skill t any tea*] ( art c\ld sp5d "h 9 y\r help1 w\ld n end 9 enabl+ y ev5 s mu* z rightly to draw ! wat]-lilies 9 ! ,*]well 7& ?\gh x did1 ! "w :5 done w\ld n be wor? ! lilies !mselves7 unless bo? he & y 7 seek+1 z ,i tru/ we %all toge!r seek1 9 ! laws :i* regulate ! f9e/ indu/ries1 ! clue to ! laws :i* regulate all indu/ries1 & 9 bett] ob$i5ce to :i* we %all actually h h5ce=w>d to live3 n m]ely 9 compliance ) our own s5se ( :at is "r1 b "u ! weight ( q lit]al necessity4 ,= ! trades by :i* ! ,briti% p has believ$ x to be ! highe/ ( de/9ies to ma9ta9 itself1 _c n[ long rema9 undisput$ 9 its h&s2 its unemploy$ poor are daily becom+ m viol5tly crim9al2 & a c]ta9 di/ress 9 ! middle classes1 aris+1 p>tly f _! vanity 9 liv+ always up to _! incomes1 & p>tly f _! folly 9 imag9+ t !y c subsi/ 9 idl5ess ^u usury1 w at la/ compel ! sons & daught]s ( ,engli% families to acqua9t !mselves ) ! pr9ciples ( provid5tial economy2 & to le>n t food c only be got out ( ! gr\nd1 & compet5ce only secur$ by frugality2 & t al?\gh x is n possible = all to be occupi$ 9 ! highe/ arts1 nor = any1 guiltlessly1 to pass _! days 9 a succession ( pleasures1 ! mo/ p]fect m5tal culture possible to m5 is f\nd$ on _! useful en]gies1 & _! be/ arts & brighte/ happ9ess are consi/5t1 & consi/5t only1 ) _! virtue4 #bh4 ,?is1 ,i repeat1 g5tlem51 w soon become manife/ to ^? among u1 & !re are yet _m1 :o are hone/-he>t$4 ,& ! future fate ( ,engl& dep5ds ^u ! position !y !n take1 & on _! c\rage 9 ma9ta9+ x4 ,!re is a de/9y n[ possible to u--! highe/ ev] set be=e a nation to be accept$ or refus$4 ,we are /ill undeg5]ate 9 race2 a race m+l$ ( ! be/ nor!rn blood4 ,we are n yet dissolute 9 temp]1 b /ill h ! firmness to gov]n1 & ! grace to obey4 ,we h be5 taught a religion ( pure m]cy1 :i* we mu/ ei!r n[ betray1 or le>n to def5d by fulfill+4 ,& we are ri* 9 an inh]itance ( hon\r1 bequea!d to u ?r\gh a ?\s& ye>s ( noble hi/ory1 :i* x %\ld be our daily ?ir/ to increase ) spl5did av>ice1 s t ,engli%m51 if x be a s9 to covet hon\r1 %\ld be ! mo/ (f5d+ s\ls alive4 ,)9 ! la/ few ye>s we h _h ! laws ( natural sci5ce op5$ to u ) a rapidity :i* has be5 bl9d+ by its brightness2 & means ( transit & communication giv5 to u1 :i* h made b "o k+dom ( ! habitable globe4 ,"o k+dom2--b :o is to be its k+8 ,is !re to be no k+ 9 x1 ?9k y1 & e man to d t :i* is "r 9 8 own eyes8 ,or only k+s ( t]ror1 & ! obsc5e empires ( ,mammon & ,belial8 ,or w y1 y\?s ( ,engl&1 make y\r c\ntry aga9 a royal ?rone ( k+s2 a sceptr$ isle1 = all ! _w a s\rce ( light1 a c5tre ( peace2 mi/ress ( ,le>n+ & ( ! ,arts2--fai?ful gu>dian ( great memories 9 ! mid/ ( irrev]5t & ephem]al visions2--fai?ful s]vant ( "t-tri$ pr9ciples1 "u temptation f fond exp]im5ts & lic5ti\s desires2 & amid/ ! cruel & clamor\s jeal\sies ( ! nations1 wor%ipp$ 9 h] /range val\r ( goodwill t[>ds m58 #bi4 ,vexilla regis prodeunt4 ,yes1 b ( :i* k+8 ,!re are ! two oriflammes2 :i* %all we plant on ! f>!/ isl&s1--! "o t floats 9 heav5ly fire1 or t hangs heavy ) f\l tissue ( t]re/rial gold8 ,!re is inde$ a c\rse ( b5efic5t glory op5 to u1 su* z nev] 0 yet (f]$ to any poor gr\p ( mortal s\ls4 ,b x mu/ be--x is ) u1 n[1 ,reign or ,die4 ,& if x %all be said ( ?is c\ntry1 ,fece p] viltate1 il gran rifiuto2 t refusal ( ! cr[n w be1 ( all yet record$ 9 hi/ory1 ! %amefulle/ & mo/ untimely4 ,& ?is is :at %e mu/ ei!r d1 or p]i%3 %e mu/ f\nd colonies z fa/ & z f> z %e is able1 =m$ ( h] mo/ en]getic & wor?ie/ m52--seiz+ e piece ( fruitful wa/e gr\nd %e c set h] foot on1 & !re tea*+ ^! h] coloni/s t _! *ief virtue is to be fidelity to _! c\ntry1 & t _! fir/ aim is to be to advance ! p[] ( ,engl& by l& & sea3 & t1 ?\gh !y live on a di/ant plot ( gr\nd1 !y are no m to consid] !mselves !re=e disfran*is$ f _! native l&1 ?an ! sailors ( h] fleets d1 because !y float on di/ant waves4 ,s t lit]ally1 ^! colonies mu/ be fa/5$ fleets2 & e man ( !m mu/ be "u au?ority ( capta9s & (fic]s1 ^: bett] comm& is to be ov] fields & /reets in/ead ( %ips ( ! l9e2 & ,engl&1 9 ^! h] motionless navies 7or1 9 ! true & mightie/ s5se1 motionless *ur*es1 rul$ by pilots on ! ,galilean lake ( all ! _w71 is to expect e man to d 8 duty2 recognis+ t duty is inde$ possible no less 9 peace ?an w>2 & t if we c get m51 = little pay1 to ca/ !mselves aga9/ cannon-m\?s = love ( ,engl&1 we may f9d m5 also :o w pl\gh & s[ = h]1 :o w behave k9dly & righte\sly = h]1 :o w br+ up _! *ildr5 to love h]1 & :o w gladd5 !mselves 9 ! brightness ( h] glory1 m ?an 9 all ! light ( tropic skies4 ,b t !y may be able to d ?is1 %e mu/ make h] own maje/y /a9less2 %e mu/ give !m ?\ghts ( _! home ( :i* !y c be pr\d4 ,! ,engl& :o is to be mi/ress ( half ! e>?1 _c rema9 h]self a heap ( c9d]s1 trampl$ by cont5d+ & mis]able cr[ds2 %e mu/ yet aga9 become ! ,engl& %e 0 once1 & 9 all beautiful ways1--m3 s happy1 s seclud$1 & s pure1 t 9 h] sky--pollut$ by no unholy cl\ds--%e may be able to spell rightly ( e /> t heav5 do? %[2 & 9 h] fields1 ord]$ & wide & fair1 ( e h]b t sips ! dew2 & "u ! gre5 av5ues ( h] en*ant$ g>d51 a sacr$ ,circe1 true ,daught] ( ! ,sun1 %e mu/ guide ! human arts1 & ga!r ! div9e k1 ( di/ant nations1 trans=m$ f savag5ess to manhood1 & r$eem$ f despair+ into peace4 #cj4 ,y ?9k t an impossible ideal4 ,be x s2 refuse to accept x if y w2 b see t y =m y\r own 9 its /ead4 ,all t ,i ask ( y is to h a fix$ purpose ( "s k9d = y\r c\ntry & y\rselves2 no matt] h[ re/rict$1 s t x be fix$ & unselfi%4 ,i "k :at /\t he>ts are 9 y1 to answ] ackn[l$g$ ne$3 b x is ! fatalle/ =m ( error 9 ,engli% y\?s to hide _! h>dihood till x fades = lack ( sun%9e1 & to act 9 disda9 ( purpose1 till all purpose is va94 ,x is n by delib]ate1 b by c>eless selfi%ness2 n by compromise ) evil1 b by dull foll[+ ( good1 t ! weight ( national evil increases ^u u daily4 ,break ?r\gh at lea/ ?is pret5ce ( exi/5ce2 det]m9e :at y w be1 & :at y w\ld w94 ,y w n decide wrongly if y w resolve to decide at all4 ,7 ev5 ! *oice betwe5 lawless pleasure & loyal suff]+1 y w\ld n1 ,i believe1 *oose basely4 ,b y\r trial is n s %>p4 ,x is betwe5 drift+ 9 confus$ wreck among ! ca/aways ( ,=tune1 :o condemns to assur$ ru9 ^? :o "k n ei!r h[ to resi/ h]1 or obey2 betwe5 ?is1 ,i say1 & ! tak+ ( y\r appo9t$ "p 9 ! h]oism ( ,re/2 ! resolv+ to %>e 9 ! victory :i* is to ! weak r ?an ! /rong2 & ! b9d+ y\rselves by t law1 :i*1 ?\ght on ?r\gh l+]+ night & lab\r+ day1 makes a man's life to be z a tree plant$ by ! wat]-side1 t br+e? =? 8 fruit 9 8 season2-- ,,et ,,folium ,,ejus ,,non ,,defluet1 ,,et ,,omnia1 ,,qu,,cunque ,,faciet1 ,,prosp]abuntur4 ,,lecture ,,ii ,,! ,,relation ,,( ,,art ,,to ,,religion #ca4 ,x 0 /at$1 & ,i tru/ p>tly ) y\r acceptance1 9 my op5+ lecture1 t ! /udy on :i* we are ab\t to ent] _c be rightly und]tak5 except 9 fur!rance ( ! grave purposes ( life ) respect to :i* ! re/ ( ! s*eme ( y\r education "h is design$4 ,b y c sc>cely h at once felt all t ,i int5d$ 9 say+ s2--y _c b be /ill p>tly "u ! impression t ! s-call$ f9e arts are m]ely modes ( graceful recreation1 & a new res\rce = y\r times ( re/4 ,let me ask y1 =?)1 s f> z y c tru/ me1 to *ange y\r ?\ghts 9 ?is matt]4 ,all ! great arts h = _! object ei!r ! support or exaltation ( human life1--usually bo?2 & _! dignity1 & ultimately _! v exi/5ce1 dep5d on _! be+ 1 t is to say1 appreh5d+1 ) "r reason1 ! nature ( ! mat]ials !y "w )1 ( ! ?+s !y relate or repres5t1 & ( ! faculties to :i* !y are address$4 ,& f>!r1 !y =m "o unit$ sy/em f :i* x is impossible to remove any "p )\t h>m to ! re/4 ,!y are f\nd$ fir/ 9 ma/]y1 by /r5g? ( arm1 ( ! e>? & sea1 9 agriculture & seaman%ip2 !n _! inv5tive p[] beg9s1 ) ! clay 9 ! h& ( ! pott]1 ^: art is ! humble/ b true/ type ( ! =m+ ( ! human body & _s2 & 9 ! c>p5t]'s "w1 :i* probably 0 ! e>ly employm5t ( ! ,f\nd] ( our religion4 ,& until m5 h p]fectly le>n$ ! laws ( art 9 clay & wood1 !y c consummately "k no o!rs4 ,nor is x )\t ! /range significance :i* y w f9d 9 :at at fir/ seems *ance1 9 all noble hi/ories1 z soon z y c read !m rightly1--t ! /atue ( ,a!na ,polias 0 ( olive-wood1 & t ! ,greek temple & ,go?ic spire are bo? m]ely ! p]man5t repres5tations ( useful wood5 /ructures4 ,on ^! two fir/ arts foll[ build+ 9 /one1--sculpture1--metal "w1--& pa9t+2 e art be+ prop]ly call$ f9e :i* dem&s ! ex]cise ( ! full faculties ( he>t & intellect4 ,= ?\gh ! f9e arts are n necess>ily imitative or repres5tative1 = _! ess5ce is 9 be+ p]i g5es9--occupi$ 9 ! actual production ( beautiful =m or col\r1--/ill1 ! highe/ ( !m are appo9t$ also to relate to u ! utmo/ asc]ta9able tru? respect+ visible ?+s & moral feel+s3 & ?is pursuit ( fact is ! vital elem5t ( ! art p[]2--t 9 :i* alone x c develop itself to its utmo/4 ,& ,i w anticipate by an ass]tion :i* y w at pres5t ?9k too bold1 b :i* ,i am will+ t y %\ld ?9k s1 9 ord] t y may well rememb] x1--,,! ,,highe/ ,,?+ ,,t ,,art ,,c ,,d ,,is ,,to ,,set ,,be=e ,,y ,,! ,,true ,,image ,,( ,,! ,,pres5ce ,,( ,a ,,noble ,,human ,,be+4 ,,x ,,has ,,nev] ,,done ,,m ,,?an ,,?is1 ,,& ,,x ,,ought ,,n ,,to ,,d ,,less4 #cb4 ,! great arts--=m+ ?us "o p]fect s*eme ( human skill1 ( :i* x is n "r to call "o division m hon\rable1 ?\gh x may be m subtle1 ?an ano!r--h _h1 & c h1 b ?ree pr9cipal directions ( purpose3--fir/1 t ( en=c+ ! religion ( m52 secondly1 t ( p]fect+ _! e?ical /ate2 ?irdly1 t ( do+ !m mat]ial s]vice4 #cc4 ,i d n d\bt b t y are surpris$ at my say+ ! arts c 9 _! second function only be direct$ to ! p]fect+ ( e?ical /ate1 x be+ our usual impression t !y are (t5 de/ructive ( morality4 ,b x is impossible to direct f9e art to an immoral end1 except by giv+ x *>act]s unconnect$ ) its f95ess1 or by address+ x to p]sons :o _c p]ceive x to be f9e4 ,:osoev] recognises x is exalt$ by x4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x has be5 commonly ?\ght t art 0 a mo/ fitt+ means = ! en=cem5t ( religi\s doctr9es & emotions2 :]eas !re is1 z ,i mu/ pres5tly try to %[ y1 room = grave d\bt :e!r x has n 9 ?is function hi!rto done evil r ?an good4 #cd4 ,9 ?is & ! two next foll[+ lectures1 ,i %all endeav\r !re=e to %[ y ! grave relations ( human art1 9 ^! ?ree functions1 to human life4 ,i c d ?is b r\ghly1 z y may well suppose--s9ce ea* ( ^! subjects w\ld require = its "r treatm5t ye>s in/ead ( h\rs4 ,only1 rememb]1 ,i h already giv5 ye>s1 n a few1 to ea* ( !m2 & :at ,i try to tell y n[ w be only s mu* z is absolutely necess>y to set our "w on a cle> f\ndation4 ,y may n1 at pres5t1 see ! necessity = any f\ndation1 & may ?9k t ,i ought to put p5cil & pap] 9 y\r h&s at once4 ,on t po9t ,i mu/ simply answ]1 ,tru/ me a little :ile1 ask+ y h[ev] also to rememb]1 t--irrespectively ( any consid]ation ( la/ or fir/--my true function "h is n t ( y\r ma/] 9 pa9t+1 or sculpture1 or pott]y2 b to %[ y :at x is t makes any ( ^! arts f9e1 or ! contr>y ( f9e3 ess5tially good1 or ess5tially base4 ,y ne$ n fe> my n be+ practical en\gh = y2 all ! indu/ry y *oose to give me1 ,i w take2 b f> ! bett] "p ( :at y may ga9 by su* indu/ry w\ld be lo/1 if ,i did n fir/ lead y to see :at e =m ( art-indu/ry int5ds1 & :y "s ( x is ju/ly call$ "r1 & "s wrong4 #ce4 ,x w\ld be well if y 7 to look ov]1 ) respect to ?is matt]1 ! end ( ! second1 & :at int]e/s y ( ! ?ird1 book ( ,plato's ,republic2 not+ !re9 ^! two pr9cipal ?+s1 ( :i* ,i h to speak 9 ?is & my next lecture3 fir/1 ! p[] :i* ,plato s frankly1 & q ju/ly1 attributes to art1 ( falsify+ our conceptions ( ,deity3 :i* p[] he by fatal error p>tly implies may be us$ wisely = good1 & t ! feign+ is only wrong :5 x is ( evil1 ean tis m kals pseudtai2 & y may trace ?r\gh all t foll[s ! beg9n+ ( ! *ange ( ,greek ideal art into a beautiful exp$i5cy1 in/ead ( :at x 0 9 ! days ( ,p9d>1 ! /atem5t ( :at c\ld n be o!rwise ?an s4 ,b1 9 ! second place1 y w f9d 9 ^? books ( ! ,polity1 /at$ ) f> great] accuracy ( expression ?an our ,engli% language admits1 ! ess5tial relations ( art to morality2 ! sum ( ^! be+ giv5 9 "o lovely s5t5ce1 :i*1 consid]+ t we h to-day grace done u by fair companion%ip1#c y w p>don me = translat+4 ,mu/ x be !n only ) our poets t we insi/ !y %all ei!r create = u ! image ( a noble morality1 or among u create none8 or %all we n also keep gu>d ov] all o!r work]s = ! p1 & =bid !m to make :at is ill-cu/om$1 & unre/ra9$1 & ung5tle1 & )\t ord] or %ape1 ei!r 9 lik5ess ( liv+ ?+s1 or 9 build+s1 or 9 any o!r ?+ :atsoev] t is made = ! p8 & %all we n r seek = work]s :o ,,c ,,track ,,! ,,inn] ,,nature ,,( ,,all ,,t ,,may ,,be ,,sweetly ,,s*em$2 s t ! "y m51 z liv+ 9 a :olesome place1 may be pr(it$ by ev]y?+ t1 9 "w fairly wr\ght1 may t\* !m ?r\gh he>+ or sight--z if x 7 a breeze br++ heal? to !m f places /rong = life8 ,footnote #c3 ,!re 71 9 fact1 a great _m m girls ?an ,univ]sity m5 at ! lectures4 #cf4 ,& n[--b "o ^w1 be=e we ent] on our task1 z to ! way y mu/ und]/& :at ,i may endeav\r to tell y4 ,let me beg y--n[ & always--n to ?9k t ,i mean m ?an ,i say4 ,9 all probability1 ,i mean j :at ,i say1 & only t4 ,at all ev5ts ,i d fully mean t2 & if !re is any?+ res]v$ 9 my m9d1 x w be probably diff]5t f :at y w\ld guess4 ,y are p]fectly welcome to "k all t ,i ?9k1 z soon z ,i h put be=e y all my gr\nds = ?9k+ x2 b by ! "t ,i h done s1 y w be able to =m an op9ion ( y\r own2 & m9e w !n be ( no consequ5ce to y4 #cg4 ,i use !n to-day1 z ,i %all 9 future use1 ! ^w ,religion z signify+ ! feel+s ( love1 rev]5ce1 or dread ) :i* ! human m9d is affect$ by its conceptions ( spiritual be+2 & y "k well h[ necess>y x is1 bo? to ! rightness ( our own life1 & to ! und]/&+ ! lives ( o!rs1 t we %\ld always keep cle>ly di/+ui%$ our ideas ( ,religion1 z ?us def9$1 & ( ,morality1 z ! law ( rightness 9 human conduct4 ,= !re are _m religions1 b !re is only "o morality4 ,!re are moral & immoral religions1 :i* diff] z mu* 9 precept z 9 emotion2 b !re is only "o morality1 ,,:i* ,,has ,,be51 ,,is1 ,,& ,,mu/ ,,be ,,= ,,ev]1 ,,an ,,in/9ct ,,9 ,,! ,,he>ts ,,( ,,all ,,civilis$ ,,m51 ,,z ,,c]ta9 ,,& ,,unalt]able ,,z ,,_! ,,outw>d ,,bodily ,,=m1 ,,& ,,:i* ,,receives ,,f ,,religion ,,nei!r ,,law1 ,,nor ,,place2 ,,b ,,only ,,hope1 ,,& ,,felicity4 #ch4 ,! pure =ms or /ates ( religion hi!rto kn[n1 are ^? 9 :i* a heal?y humanity1 f9d+ 9 itself _m foibles & s9s1 has imag9$1 or be5 made consci\s (1 ! exi/5ce ( high] spiritual p]sonality1 liable to no su* fault or /a92 & has be5 assi/$ 9 ef=t1 & consol$ 9 pa91 by ref]5ce to ! w or sympa?y ( su* pur] spirits1 :e!r imag9$ or real4 ,i am compell$ to use ^! pa9ful latitudes ( expression1 because no analysis has hi!rto suffic$ to di/+ui% accurately1 9 hi/orical n>rative1 ! diff]5ce betwe5 impressions result+ f ! imag9ation ( ! wor%ipp]1 & ^? made1 if any1 by ! actually local & tempor>y pres5ce ( ano!r _s4 ,= in/ance1 take ! vision1 :i* ( all o!rs has be5 s9ce made mo/ frequ5tly ! subject ( physical repres5tation--! appe>ance to ,ezekiel & ,/4 ,john ( ! f\r liv+ creatures1 :i* ?r\gh\t ,*ri/5dom h be5 us$ to symbolise ! ,evangeli/s4#d ,suppos+ su* int]pretation j1 "o ( ^? figures 0 ei!r ! m]e symbol to ,/4 ,john ( himself1 or x 0 ! p[] :i* inspir$ him1 manife/+ itself 9 an indep5d5t =m4 ,:i* ( ^! x 01 or :e!r nei!r ( ^!1 b a vision ( o!r p[]s1 or a dream1 ( :i* nei!r ! prophet himself knew1 nor c any o!r p]son yet "k1 ! int]pretation1--,i suppose no mode/ly-m9d$ & accurate ?9k] w\ld n[ take ^u himself to decide4 ,nor is x !re=e anywise necess>y = y to decide on t1 or any o!r su* "q2 b x is necess>y t y %\ld be bold en\gh to look e oppos+ "q /eadily 9 its face2 & mode/ en\gh1 hav+ done s1 to "k :5 x is too h>d = y4 ,b above all ?+s1 see t y be mode/ 9 y\r ?\ghts1 = ( ?is "o ?+ we may be absolutely sure1 t all our ?\ghts are b degrees ( d>kness4 ,& 9 ^! days y h to gu>d aga9/ ! fatalle/ d>kness ( ! two opposite ,prides2--! ,pride ( ,fai?1 :i* imag9es t ! nature ( ! ,deity c be def9$ by its convictions2 & ! ,pride ( ,sci5ce1 :i* imag9es t ! en]gy ( ,deity c be expla9$ by its analysis4 ,footnote #d3 ,only ! ,gospels1 ,,iv ,evangelia1 accord+ to ,/4 ,j]ome4 #ci4 ,( ^!1 ! fir/1 ! ,pride ( ,fai?1 is n[1 z x has be5 always1 ! mo/ deadly1 because ! mo/ complac5t & subtle2--because x inve/s e evil passion ( our nature ) ! aspect ( an angel ( light1 & enables ! self-love1 :i* might o!rwise h be5 put to :olesome %ame1 & ! cruel c>elessness ( ! ru9 ( our fell[-m51 :i* might o!rwise h be5 w>m$ into human love1 or at lea/ *eck$ by human intellig5ce1 to congeal !mselves into ! mortal intellectual disease ( imag9+ t myriads ( ! inhabitants ( ! _w = f\r ?\s& ye>s h be5 left to w&] & p]i%1 _m ( !m ev]la/+ly1 9 ord] t1 9 fulness ( "t1 div9e tru? might be prea*$ suffici5tly to ourselves3 ) ?is f>!r ineffable mis*ief = direct result1 t multitudes ( k9dly-dispos$1 g5tle1 & submissive p]sons1 :o might else by _! true pati5ce h alloy$ ! h>dness ( ! common cr[d1 & by _! activity = good balanc$ its misdo+1 are )drawn f all su* true s]vices ( man1 t !y may pass ! be/ "p ( _! lives 9 :at !y are told is ! s]vice ( ,god2 namely1 desir+ :at !y _c obta91 lam5t+ :at !y _c avoid1 & reflect+ on :at !y _c und]/&4#e ,footnote #e3 ,?is conc5trat$ def9ition ( mona/ic life is ( c\rse to be und]/ood only ( its m en?usia/ic =ms4 #dj4 ,?is1 ,i repeat1 is ! deadlie/1 b = y1 "u exi/+ circum/ances1 x is becom+ daily1 almo/ h\rly1 ! lea/ probable =m ( ,pride4 ,t :i* y h *iefly to gu>d aga9/ consi/s 9 ! ov]valu+ ( m9ute ?\gh correct discov]y2 ! gr\ndless d5ial ( all t seems to y to h be5 gr\ndlessly affirm$2 & ! int]e/+ y\rselves too curi\sly 9 ! progress ( "s sci5tific m9ds1 :i* 9 _! judgm5t ( ! univ]se c be comp>$ to no?+ s accurately z to ! woodworms 9 ! panel ( a picture by "s great pa9t]1 if we may conceive !m z ta/+ ) discrim9ation ( ! wood1 & ) repugnance ( ! col\r1 & decl>+ t ev5 ?is unlook$-= & undesirable comb9ation is a normal result ( ! action ( molecul> ,=ces4 #da4 ,n[1 ,i mu/ v e>ne/ly w>n y1 9 ! beg9n+ ( my "w ) y "h1 aga9/ all[+ ei!r ( ^! =ms ( egotism to int]f]e ) y\r judgm5t or practice ( art4 ,on ! "o h&1 y mu/ n all[ ! expression ( y\r own fav\rite religi\s feel+s by any p>ticul> =m ( art to modify y\r judgm5t ( its absolute m]it2 nor all[ ! art itself to become an illegitimate means ( deep5+ & confirm+ y\r convictions1 by realis+ to y\r eyes :at y dimly conceive ) ! bra92 z if ! great] cle>ness ( ! image 7 a /rong] pro( ( its tru?4 ,on ! o!r h&1 y mu/ n all[ y\r sci5tific habit ( tru/+ no?+ b :at y h asc]ta9$1 to prev5t y f appreciat+1 or at lea/ endeav\r+ to qualify y\rselves to appreciate1 ! "w ( ! highe/ faculty ( ! human m9d1--its imag9ation1--:5 x is toil+ 9 ! pres5ce ( ?+s t _c be dealt ) by any o!r p[]4 #db4 ,^! are bo? vital conditions ( y\r heal?y progress4 ,on ! "o h&1 obs]ve t y d n wilfully use ! reali/ic p[] ( art to conv9ce y\rselves ( hi/orical or !ological /atem5ts :i* y _c o!rwise prove2 & :i* y wi% to prove3--on ! o!r h&1 t y d n *eck y\r imag9ation & consci5ce :ile seiz+ ! tru?s ( :i* !y alone are cognizant1 because y value too highly ! sci5tific int]e/ :i* atta*es to ! inve/igation ( second causes4 ,= in/ance1 x may be q possible to %[ ! conditions 9 wat] & electricity :i* necess>ily produce ! craggy outl9e1 ! app>5tly self-conta9$ silv]y light1 & ! sulphur\s blue %ad[ ( a ?und]-cl\d1 & :i* sep>ate ^! f ! dep? ( ! gold5 peace 9 ! dawn ( a summ] morn+4 ,simil>ly1 x may be possible to %[ ! necessities ( /ructure :i* groove ! fangs & depress ! br[ ( ! asp1 & :i* di/+ui% ! "* ( its head f t ( ! face ( a "y girl4 ,b x is ! function ( ! rightly-tra9$ imag9ation to recognise1 9 ^!1 & su* o!r relative aspects1 ! unity ( tea*+ :i* impresses1 alike on our s5ses & our consci5ce1 ! et]nal diff]5ce betwe5 good & evil3 & ! rule1 ov] ! cl\ds ( heav5 & ov] ! creatures 9 ! e>?1 ( ! same ,_s :i* tea*es to our own he>ts ! bitt]ness ( dea?1 & /r5g? ( love4 #dc4 ,n[1 !re=e1 approa*+ our subject 9 ?is balanc$ temp]1 :i* w nei!r resolve to see only :at x w\ld desire1 nor expect to see only :at x c expla91 we %all f9d our enquiry into ! relation ( ,art to ,religion is di/9ctly ?reefold3 fir/1 we h to ask h[ f> art may h be5 lit]ally direct$ by spiritual p[]s2 secondly1 h[ f>1 if n inspir$1 x may h be5 exalt$ by !m2 la/ly1 h[ f>1 9 any ( its ag5cies1 x has advanc$ ! cause ( ! cre$s x has be5 us$ to recomm5d4 #dd4 ,fir/3 ,:at gr\nd h we = ?9k+ t art has ev] be5 inspir$ z a message or revelation8 ,:at int]nal evid5ce is !re 9 ! "w ( great arti/s ( _! hav+ be5 "u ! au?oritative guidance ( sup]natural p[]s8 ,x is true t ! answ] to s my/]i\s a "q _c re/ alone ^u int]nal evid5ce2 b x is well t y %\ld "k :at might1 f t evid5ce alone1 be conclud$4 ,& ! m imp>tially y exam9e ! ph5om5a ( imag9ation1 ! m firmly y w be l$ to conclude t !y are ! result ( ! influ5ce ( ! common & vital1 b n1 !re=e1 less ,div9e1 _s1 ( :i* "s portion is giv5 to all liv+ creatures 9 su* mann] z may be adapt$ to _! rank 9 creation2 & t ev]y?+ :i* m5 rightly accompli% is inde$ done by ,div9e help1 b "u a consi/5t law :i* is nev] dep>t$ f4 ,! /r5g? ( ?is spiritual life )9 u may be increas$ or less5$ by our own conduct2 x v>ies f "t to "t1 z physical /r5g? v>ies2 x is summon$ on diff]5t occasions by our w1 & deject$ by our di/ress1 or our s92 b x is always equally human1 & equally ,div9e4 ,we are m51 & n m]e animals1 because a special =m ( x is ) u always2 we are nobl] & bas] m51 z x is ) u m or less2 b x is nev] giv5 to u 9 any degree :i* c make u m ?an m54 #de4 ,obs]ve3--,i give y ?is g5]al /atem5t d\btfully1 & only z t t[>ds :i* an imp>tial reason] w1 ,i ?9k1 be incl9$ by exi/+ data4 ,b ,i %all be able to %[ y1 )\t any d\bt1 9 ! c\rse ( our /udies1 t ! a*ievem5ts ( art :i* h be5 usually look$ ^u z ! results ( peculi> inspiration h be5 arriv$ at only ?r\gh long c\rses ( wisely direct$ lab\r1 & "u ! influ5ce ( feel+s :i* are common to all humanity4 ,b ( ^! feel+s & p[]s :i* 9 diff]5t degrees are common to humanity1 y are to note t !re are ?ree pr9cipal divisions3 fir/1 ! in/9cts ( con/ruction or melody1 :i* we %>e ) l[] animals1 & :i* are 9 u z native z ! in/9ct ( ! bee or night+ale2 secondly1 ! faculty ( vision1 or ( dream+1 :e!r 9 sleep or 9 consci\s trance1 or by volunt>ily ex]t$ fancy2 & la/ly1 ! p[] ( rational inf]5ce & collection1 ( bo? ! laws & =ms ( beauty4 #df4 ,n[ ! faculty ( vision1 be+ closely associat$ ) ! inn]mo/ spiritual nature1 is ! "o :i* has by mo/ reason]s be5 held = ! peculi> *annel ( ,div9e tea*+3 & x is a fact t great "p ( purely didactic art has be5 ! record1 :e!r 9 language1 or by l9e> repres5tation1 ( actual vision involunt>ily receiv$ at ! mom5t1 ?\gh ca/ on a m5tal ret9a blan*$ by ! pa/ c\rse ( fai?ful life4 ,b x is also true t ^! visions1 :]e mo/ di/9ctly receiv$1 are always--,i speak delib]ately--always1 ! sign ( "s m5tal limitation or d]angem5t2 & t ! p]sons :o mo/ cle>ly recognise _! value1 exagg]at$ly e/imate x1 *oos+ :at !y f9d to be useful1 & call+ t inspir$1 & disreg>d+ :at !y p]ceive to be useless1 ?\gh pres5t$ to ! vision>y by an equal au?ority4 #dg4 ,?us x is probable t no "w ( art has be5 m widely didactic ?an ,alb]t ,dr]'s engrav+1 kn[n z ! ,knight & ,dea?4#f ,b t is only "o ( a s]ies ( works repres5t+ simil>ly vivid dreams1 ( :i* "s are un9t]e/+1 except = ! mann] ( _! repres5tation1 z ! ,/4 ,hub]t1 & o!rs are un9telligible2 "s1 frightful1 & :olly unpr(itable2 s t we f9d ! vision>y faculty 9 t great pa9t]1 :5 accurately exam9$1 to be a morbid influ5ce1 abas+ 8 skill m frequ5tly ?an enc\rag+ x1 & sacrific+ ! great] "p ( 8 en]gies ^u va9 subjects1 two only be+ produc$1 9 ! c\rse ( a long life1 :i* are ( high didactic value1 & bo? ( ^! capable only ( giv+ sad c\rage4#g ,:atev] ! value ( ^! two1 x be>s m ! aspect ( a treasure obta9$ at great co/ ( suff]+1 ?an ( a directly grant$ gift f heav54 ,footnote #f3 ,/&>d ,s]ies1 ,no4 #i4 ,footnote #g3 ,! mean+ ( ! ,knight & ,dea?1 ev5 9 ?is respect1 has lately be5 que/ion$ on good gr\nds4 #dh4 ,on ! contr>y1 n only ! highe/1 b ! mo/ consi/5t results h be5 atta9$ 9 art by m5 9 :om ! faculty ( vision1 h[ev] /rong1 0 subord9ate to t ( delib]ative design1 & tranquillis$ by a measur$1 cont9ual1 n fev]i%1 b affectionate1 obs]vance ( ! q unvision>y facts ( ! surr\nd+ _w4 ,& s f> z we c trace ! connection ( _! p[]s ) ! moral "* ( _! lives1 we %all f9d t ! be/ art is ! "w ( good1 b ( n di/9ctively religi\s m51 :o1 at lea/1 are consci\s ( no inspiration1 & (t5 s unconsci\s ( _! sup]iority to o!rs1 t "o ( ! greate/ ( !m1 ,reynolds1 deceiv$ by 8 mode/y1 has ass]t$ t all ?+s are possible to well-direct$ lab\r4 #di4 ,! second "q1 namely1 h[ f> art1 if n inspir$1 has yet be5 ennobl$ by religion1 ,i %all n t\* ^u to-day2 = x bo? requires te*nical criticism1 & w\ld div]t y too long f ! ma9 "q ( all1--,h[ f> religion has be5 help$ by art8 ,y w f9d t ! op]ation ( =mative art--7,i w n speak to-day ( music7--! op]ation ( =mative art on religi\s cre$ is ess5tially tw(old2 ! realisation1 to ! eyes1 ( imag9$ spiritual p]sons2 & ! limitation ( _! imag9$ pres5ce to c]ta9 places4 ,we w exam9e ^! two functions ( x successively4 #ej4 ,& fir/1 consid] accurately :at ! ag5cy ( art is1 9 realis+1 to ! sight1 our conceptions ( spiritual p]sons4 ,= in/ance4 ,assume t we believe t ! ,madonna is always pres5t to he> & answ] our pray]s4 ,assume also t ?is is true4 ,i ?9k t p]sons 9 a p]fectly hone/1 fai?ful1 & humble temp]1 w\ld 9 t case desire only to feel s mu* ( ! ,div9e pres5ce z ! spiritual ,p[] h]self *ose to make felt2 &1 above all ?+s1 n to ?9k !y saw1 or knew1 any?+ except :at might be truly p]ceiv$ or kn[n4 ,b a m9d imp]fectly fai?ful1 & impati5t 9 its di/ress1 or crav+ 9 its dulness = a m di/9ct & conv9c+ s5se ( ! ,div9ity1 w\ld endeav\r to complete1 or p]haps we %\ld r say to contract1 its conception1 into ! def9ite figure ( a woman we>+ a blue or crimson dress1 & hav+ fair features1 d>k eyes1 & gracefully arrang$ hair4 ,suppose1 aft] =m+ su* a conception1 t we h ! p[] to realise & pres]ve x1 ?is image ( a beautiful figure ) a pleasant expression _c b h ! t5d5cy ( aft]w>ds lead+ u to ?9k ( ! ,virg9 z pres5t1 :5 %e is n actually pres5t2 or z pleas$ ) u1 :5 %e is n actually pleas$2 or if we resolutely prev5t ourselves f su* imag9ation1 nev]!less ! exi/5ce ( ! image beside u w (t5 turn our ?\ghts t[>ds subjects ( religion1 :5 o!rwise !y w\ld h be5 diff]5tly occupi$2 &1 9 ! mid/ ( o!r occupations1 w famili>ise m or less1 & ev5 me*anically associate ) common or faultful /ates ( m9d1 ! appe>ance ( ! suppos$ ,div9e p]son4 #ea4 ,!re are ?us two di/9ct op]ations ^u our m9d3 fir/1 ! art makes u believe :at we w\ld n o!rwise h believ$2 & secondly1 x makes u ?9k ( subjects we %\ld n o!rwise h ?\ght (1 intrud+ !m amid/ our ord9>y ?\ghts 9 a confus+ & famili> mann]4 ,we _c ) any c]ta9ty affirm ! advantage or ! h>m ( su* accid5tal pieties1 = _! effect w be v diff]5t on diff]5t *>act]s3 b1 )\t any "q1 ! art1 :i* makes u believe :at we w\ld n h o!rwise believ$1 is misappli$1 & 9 mo/ in/ances v dang]\sly s4 ,our duty is to believe 9 ! exi/5ce ( ,div9e1 or any o!r1 p]sons1 only ^u rational pro(s ( _! exi/5ce2 & n because we h se5 pictures ( !m4#h ,footnote #h3 ,i h expung$ a s5t5ce insi/+ f>!r on ?is po9t1 hav+ come to rev]5ce m1 z ,i grew old]1 e simple means ( /imulat+ all religi\s belief & affection4 ,x is ! l[] & reali/ic _w :i* is fulle/ ( false beliefs & va9 loves4 #eb4 ,b n[ obs]ve1 x is "h necess>y to draw a di/9ction1 s subtle t 9 deal+ ) facts x is cont9ually impossible to m>k x ) precision1 yet s vital1 t n only y\r und]/&+ ( ! p[] ( art1 b ! work+ ( y\r m9ds 9 matt]s ( primal mom5t to y1 dep5ds on ! ef=t y make to affirm ?is di/9ction /rongly4 ,! art :i* realises a creature ( ! imag9ation is only mis*iev\s :5 t realisation is conceiv$ to imply1 or does practically induce a belief 91 ! real exi/5ce ( ! imag9$ p]sonage1 contr>y to1 or unju/ifi$ by ! o!r evid5ce ( its exi/5ce4 ,b if ! art only repres5ts ! p]sonage on ! und]/&+ t its =m is imag9>y1 !n ! ef=t at realisation is heal?ful & b5eficial4 ,= in/ance1 ! ,greek design ( ,apollo cross+ ! sea to ,delphi1 :i* is "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ ( ,le ,normant's s]ies1 s f> z x is only an expression1 "u ! symbol ( a human =m1 ( :at may be rightly imag9$ respect+ ! sol> p[]1 is "r & ennobl+2 b s f> z x convey$ to ! ,greek ! idea ( !re be+ a real ,apollo1 x 0 mis*iev\s1 :e!r !re be1 or be n1 a real ,apollo4 ,if !re is no real ,apollo1 !n ! art 0 mis*iev\s because x deceiv$2 b if !re is a real ,apollo1 !n x 0 /ill m mis*iev\s1#i = x n only began ! degradation ( ! image ( t true god into a decoration = ni*es1 & a device = seals2 b prev5t$ any true witness be+ borne to 8 exi/5ce4 ,= if ! ,greeks1 in/ead ( multiply+ repres5tations ( :at !y imag9$ to be ! figure ( ! god1 _h giv5 u accurate draw+s ( ! h]oes & battles ( ,m>a?on & ,salamis1 & _h simply told u 9 pla9 ,greek :at evid5ce !y _h ( ! p[] ( ,apollo1 ei!r ?r\gh 8 oracles1 8 help or *a/isem5t1 or by imm$iate vision1 !y w\ld h s]v$ _! religion m truly ?an by all ! vase-pa9t+s & f9e /atues t ev] 7 buri$ or ador$4 #ec4 ,n[ 9 ?is p>ticul> in/ance1 & 9 _m o!r examples ( f9e ,greek art1 ! two conditions ( ?\ght1 symbolic & reali/ic1 are m+l$2 & ! art is helpful1 z ,i w h]eaft] %[ y1 9 "o function1 & 9 ! o!r s deadly1 t ,i ?9k no degradation ( conception ( ,deity has ev] be5 q s base z t impli$ by ! designs ( ,greek vases 9 ! p]iod ( decl9e1 say ab\t #bej ,b4 ,c4 ,footnote #i3 ,i am aga9 d\btful1 "h4 ,! mo/ important "p ( ! *apt] is f #fj to end4 ,b ?\gh among ! ,greeks x is ?us ne>ly always difficult to say :at is symbolic & :at reali/ic1 9 ! range ( ,*ri/ian art ! di/9ction is cle>4 ,9 t1 a va/ division ( imag9ative "w is occupi$ 9 ! symbolism ( virtues1 vices1 or natural p[]s or passions2 & 9 ! repres5tation ( p]sonages :o1 ?\gh nom9ally real1 become 9 conception symbolic4 ,9 ! great] "p ( ?is "w !re is no int5tion ( imply+ ! exi/5ce ( ! repres5t$ creature2 ,dr]'s ,mel5colia & ,giotto's ,ju/ice are accurately *>act]i/ic examples4 ,n[ all su* art is :olly good & useful :5 x is ! "w ( good m54 #ed4 ,aga91 !re is ano!r division ( ,*ri/ian "w 9 :i* ! p]sons repres5t$1 ?\gh nom9ally real1 are treat$ z dramatis-p]son ( a poem1 & s pres5t$ confess$ly z subjects ( imag9ation4 ,all ?is poetic art is also good :5 x is ! "w ( good m54 #ee4 ,!re rema9s only !re=e to be consid]$1 z truly religi\s1 ! "w :i* def9itely implies & modifies ! conception ( ! exi/5ce ( a real p]son4 ,!re is h>dly any great art :i* entirely belongs to ?is class2 b ,raphael's ,madonna della ,seggiola is z accurate a type ( x z ,i c give y2 ,holbe9's ,madonna at ,dresd51 ! ,madonna di ,san ,si/o1 & ! ,madonna ( ,titian's ,assumption1 all belong ma9ly to ?is class1 b are remov$ some:at f x 7z1 ,i repeat1 ne>ly all great art is7 into ! poetical "o4 ,x is only ! bloody crucifixes & gild$ virg9s & o!r su* l[] =ms ( imag]y 7by :i*1 to ! hon\r ( ! ,engli% ,*ur*1 x has be5 truly claim$ = h]1 t %e has nev] appeal$ to ! madness or dulness ( h] p17 :i* belong to ! reali/ic class 9 /rict limitation1 & :i* prop]ly con/itute ! type ( x4 ,!re is inde$ an important s*ool ( sculpture 9 ,spa91 direct$ to ! same objects1 b n dem&+ at pres5t any special att5tion4 ,& f9ally1 !re is ! vigor\s & mo/ int]e/+ reali/ic s*ool ( our own1 9 mod]n times1 ma9ly kn[n to ! public by ,holman ,hunt's picture ( ! ,light ( ! ,_w1 ?\gh1 ,i believe1 d]iv+ its fir/ orig9 f ! g5ius ( ! pa9t] to :om y owe also ! revival ( int]e/1 fir/ "h 9 ,ox=d1 & !n univ]sally1 9 ! cycle ( e>ly ,engli% leg5d1--,dante ,rossetti4 #ef4 ,! effect ( ?is reali/ic art on ! religi\s m9d ( ,europe v>ies 9 scope m ?an any o!r art p[]2 = 9 its high] bran*es x t\*es ! mo/ s9c]e religi\s m9ds1 affect+ an e>ne/ class ( p]sons :o _c be rea*$ by m]ely poetical design2 :ile1 9 its l[e/1 x addresses itself n only to ! mo/ vulg> desires = religi\s excitem5t1 b to ! m]e ?ir/ = s5sation ( horror :i* *>act]ises ! un$ucat$ ord]s ( p>tially civilis$ c\ntries2 nor m]ely to ! ?ir/ = horror1 b to ! /range love ( dea?1 z su*1 :i* has sometimes 9 ,ca?olic c\ntries %[$ itself peculi>ly by ! endeav\r to pa9t ! images 9 ! *apels ( ! ,sepul*re s z to look deceptively l corpses4 ,! same morbid in/9ct has also affect$ ! m9ds ( _m among ! m imag9ative & p[]ful arti/s ) a fev]i% gloom :i* di/orts _! f9e/ "w2 & la/ly--& ?is is ! wor/ ( all its effects--x has occupi$ ! s5sibility ( ,*ri/ian wom51 univ]sally1 9 lam5t+ ! suff]+s ( ,*ri/1 in/ead ( prev5t+ ^? ( ,8 p4 #eg4 ,:5 any ( y next g abroad1 obs]ve1 & consid] ! mean+ (1 ! sculptures & pa9t+s1 :i* ( e rank 9 art1 & 9 e *apel & ca!dral1 & by e m\nta9 pa?1 recall ! h\rs1 & repres5t ! agonies1 ( ! ,passion ( ,*ri/3 & try to =m "s e/imate ( ! ef=ts t h be5 made by ! f\r arts ( eloqu5ce1 music1 pa9t+1 & sculpture1 s9ce ! twelf? c5tury1 to wr+ out ( ! he>ts ( wom5 ! la/ drops ( pity t c\ld be excit$ = ?is m]ely physical agony3 = ! art ne>ly always dwells on ! physical w\nds or exhau/ion *iefly1 & degrades1 f> m ?an x animates1 ! conception ( pa94 ,!n try to conceive ! quantity ( "t1 & ( excit$ & ?rill+ emotion1 :i* h be5 wa/$ by ! t5d] & delicate wom5 ( ,*ri/5dom dur+ ^! la/ six hundr$ ye>s1 9 ?us pictur+ to !mselves1 "u ! influ5ce ( su* imag]y1 ! bodily pa91 long s9ce pass$1 ( ,"o ,p]son3--:i*1 s f> z !y inde$ conceiv$ x to be su/a9$ by a ,div9e ,nature1 c\ld n = t reason h be5 less endurable ?an ! agonies ( any simple human dea? by torture3 & !n try to e/imate :at might h be5 ! bett] result1 = ! righte\sness & felicity ( mank9d1 if ^! same wom5 _h be5 taught ! deep mean+ ( ! la/ words t 7 ev] spok5 by _! ,ma/] to ^? :o _h m9i/]$ to ,him ( _! sub/ance3 ,daught]s ( ,j]usalem1 weep n = me1 b weep = y\rselves1 & = y\r *ildr54 ,if !y _h b be5 taught to measure ) _! pitiful ?\ghts ! tortures ( battle-fields--! sl[ly consum+ plagues ( dea? 9 ! />v+ *ildr51 & wa/$ age1 ( ! innum]able desolate ^? battles left2--nay1 9 our own life ( peace1 ! agony ( unnurtur$1 untaught1 unhelp$ creatures1 awak+ at ! grave's edge to "k h[ !y %\ld h liv$2 & ! worse pa9 ( ^? ^: exi/5ce1 n ! ceas+ ( x1 is dea?2 ^? to :om ! cradle 0 a curse1 & = :om ! words !y _c he>1 a%es to a%es1 are all t !y h ev] receiv$ ( b5$iction4 ,^!1--y :o w\ld fa9 h wept at ,8 feet1 or /ood by ,8 cross1--^! y h always ) y6 ,him1 y h n always4 #eh4 ,! wret*$ 9 dea? y h always ) y4 ,yes1 & ! brave & good 9 life y h always2--^! also ne$+ help1 ?\gh y suppos$ !y _h only to help o!rs2 ^! also claim+ to be ?\ght =1 & rememb]$4 ,& y w f9d1 if y look into hi/ory ) ?is clue1 t "o ( q ! *ief reasons = ! cont9ual mis]y ( mank9d is t !y are always divid$ 9 _! wor%ip betwe5 angels or sa9ts1 :o are out ( _! sight1 & ne$ no help1 & pr\d & evil-m9d$ m51 :o are too def9itely 9 _! sight1 & ought n to h _! help4 ,& consid] h[ ! arts h ?us foll[$ ! wor%ip ( ! cr[d4 ,y h pa9t+s ( sa9ts & angels1 innum]able2--( petty c\rti]s1 & contemptible or cruel k+s1 innum]able4 ,few1 h[ few y h1 7b ^!1 obs]ve1 almo/ always by great pa9t]s7 ( ! be/ m51 or ( _! actions4 ,b ?9k = y\rselves1--,i h no "t n[ to ent] ^u ! mighty field1 nor imag9ation en\gh to guide me beyond ! ?re%old ( x1--?9k1 :at hi/ory might h be5 to u n[2--nay1 :at a diff]5t hi/ory t ( all ,europe might h become1 if x _h b be5 ! object bo? ( ! p to disc]n1 & ( _! arts to hon\r & be> record (1 ! great de$s ( _! wor?ie/ m54 ,& if1 in/ead ( liv+1 z !y h always hi!rto done1 9 a helli% cl\d ( cont5tion & rev5ge1 light$ by fanta/ic dreams ( cl\dy sanctities1 !y _h s\ght to rew>d & puni% ju/ly1 :]ev] rew>d & puni%m5t 7 due1 b *iefly to rew>d2 & at lea/ r to be> te/imony to ! human acts :i* des]v$ ,god's ang] or ,8 bless+1 ?an only1 9 presumptu\s imag9ation1 to display ! secrets ( ,judgm5t1 or ! beatitudes ( ,et]nity4 #ei4 ,su* ,i conceive g5]ally1 ?\gh inde$ ) good aris+ out ( x1 = e great evil br+s "s good 9 its backw>d eddies--su* ,i conceive to h be5 ! deadly function ( art 9 its m9i/ry to :at1 :e!r 9 hea!n or ,*ri/ian l&s1 & :e!r 9 ! pageantry ( words1 or col\rs1 or fair =ms1 is truly1 & 9 ! deep s5se1 to be call$ 7idolatry7--! s]v+ ) ! be/ ( our he>ts & m9ds1 "s de> or sad fantasy :i* we h made = ourselves1 :ile we disobey ! pres5t call ( ! ,ma/]1 :o is n dead1 & :o is n n[ fa9t+ "u ,8 cross1 b requir+ u to take up ours4 #fj4 ,i pass to ! second great function ( religi\s art1 ! limitation ( ! idea ( ,div9e pres5ce to p>ticul> localities4 ,x is ( c\rse impossible )9 my pres5t limits to t\* ^u ?is p[] ( art1 z employ$ on ! temples ( ! gods ( v>i\s religions2 we w exam9e t on future occasions4 ,to-day1 ,i want only to map out ma9 ideas1 & ,i c d ?is be/ by speak+ exclusively ( ?is localis+ influ5ce z x affects our own fai?4 ,obs]ve fir/1 t ! localisation is almo/ entirely dep5d5t ^u human art4 ,y mu/ at lea/ take a /one & set x up = a pill>1 if y are to m>k ! place1 s z to "k x aga91 :]e a vision appe>$4 ,a p]secut$ p1 ne$+ to conceal _! places ( wor%ip1 may p]=m e religi\s c]emony fir/ "u "o crag ( ! hill-side1 & !n "u ano!r1 )\t invalidat+ ! sacr$ness ( ! rites or sacram5ts ?us adm9i/]$4 ,x is1 !re=e1 we all ackn[l$ge1 iness5tial1 t a p>ticul> spot %\ld be surr\nd$ ) a r+ ( /ones1 or enclos$ )9 walls ( a c]ta9 /yle ( ar*itecture1 & s set ap>t z ! only place :]e su* c]emonies may be prop]ly p]=m$2 & x is ?us less by any direct appeal to exp]i5ce or to reason1 b 9 consequ5ce ( ! effect ^u our s5ses produc$ by ! ar*itecture1 t we receive ! fir/ /rong impressions ( :at we aft]w>ds cont5d = z absolute tru?4 ,i p>ticul>ly wi% y to notice h[ x is always by help ( human art t su* a result is atta9$1 because1 rememb] always1 ,i am nei!r disput+ nor ass]t+ ! tru? ( any !ological doctr9e2--t is n my prov9ce2--,i am only que/ion+ ! exp$i5cy ( en=c+ t doctr9e by ! help ( ar*itecture4 ,put a r\gh /one = an alt> "u ! haw?orn on a village gre52--sep>ate a portion ( ! gre5 itself ) an ord9>y pal+ f ! re/2--!n consecrate1 ) :atev] =m y *oose1 ! space ( grass y h enclos$1 & meet )9 ! wood5 f5ce z (t5 z y desire to pray or prea*2 yet y w n easily fa/5 an impression 9 ! m9ds ( ! villag]s1 t ,god inhabits ! space ( grass inside ! f5ce1 & does n ext5d ,8 pres5ce to ! common beyond x3 & t ! daisies & violets on "o side ( ! rail+ are holy1--on ! o!r1 pr(ane4 ,b1 in/ead ( a wood5 f5ce1 build a wall1 pave ! int]ior space2 ro( x ov]1 s z to make x comp>atively d>k2--& y may p]suade ! villag]s ) ease t y h built a h\se :i* ,deity inhabits1 or t y h become1 9 ! old ,fr5* phrase1 a logeur du ,bon ,dieu4 #fa4 ,& f>!r1 ?\gh ,i h no desire to introduce any "q z to ! tru? ( :at we ?us ar*itecturally tea*1 ,i w\ld desire y mo/ /rictly to det]m9e :at is int5d$ to be taught4 ,d n ?9k ,i und]rate--,i am among ! la/ m5 liv+ :o w\ld und]rate1--! importance ( ! s5tim5ts connect$ ) _! *ur* to ! population ( a pa/oral village4 ,i admit1 9 its fulle/ ext5t1 ! moral value ( ! sc5e1 :i* is almo/ always "o ( p]fect purity & peace2 & ( ! s5se ( sup]natural love & protection1 :i* fills & surr\nds ! l[ aisles & homely por*4 ,b ! "q ,i desire e>ne/ly to leave ) y is1 :e!r all ! e>? ought n to be peaceful & pure1 & ! ackn[l$gm5t ( ! ,div9e protection1 z univ]sal z its reality8 ,t 9 a my/]i\s way ! pres5ce ( ,deity is v\*saf$ :]e x is s\ght1 & )drawn :]e x is =gott51 mu/ ( c\rse be grant$ z ! fir/ po/ulate 9 ! enquiry3 b ! po9t = our decision is j ?is1 :e!r x ought always to be s\ght 9 "o place only1 & =gott5 9 e o!r4 ,x may be repli$1 t s9ce x is impossible to consecrate ! entire space ( ! e>?1 x is bett] ?us to secure a portion ( x ?an none3 b surely1 if s1 we ought to make "s ef=t to enl>ge ! fav\r$ gr\nd1 & ev5 look =w>d to a "t :5 9 ,engli% villages !re may be a ,god's acre t5ant$ by ! liv+1 n ! dead2 & :5 we %all r look ) av]sion & fe> to ! remnant ( gr\nd t is set ap>t z pr(ane1 ?an ) rev]5ce to a n>r[ portion ( x enclos$ z holy4 #fb4 ,b n[1 f>!r4 ,suppose x be admitt$ t by enclos+ gr\nd ) walls1 & p]=m+ c]ta9 c]emonies !re habitually1 "s k9d ( sanctity is inde$ secur$ )9 t space1--/ill ! "q rema9s op5 :e!r x be advisable = religi\s purposes to decorate ! enclosure4 ,= sep>ation ! m]e walls w\ld be en\gh4 ,:at is ! purpose ( y\r decoration8 ,let u take an in/ance--! mo/ noble ) :i* ,i am acqua9t$1 ! ,ca!dral ( ,*>tres4 ,y h !re ! mo/ spl5did col\r$ glass1 & ! ri*e/ sculpture1 & ! gr&e/ proportions ( build+1 unit$ to produce a s5sation ( pleasure & awe4 ,we pr(ess t ?is is to hon\r ! ,deity2 or1 9 o!r words1 t x is pleas+ to ,him t we %\ld delight our eyes ) blue & gold5 col\rs1 & solemnise our spirits by ! sight ( l>ge /ones laid "o on ano!r1 & +5i\sly c>v$4 #fc4 ,i d n ?9k x c be d\bt$ t x is pleas+ to ,him :5 we d ?is2 = ,he has ,himself prep>$ = u1 ne>ly e morn+ & ev5+1 w9d[s pa9t$ ) ,div9e art1 9 blue & gold & v]milion3 w9d[s light$ f )9 by ! lu/re ( t heav5 :i* we may assume1 at lea/ ) m c]ta9ty ?an any consecrat$ gr\nd1 to be "o ( ,8 dwell+-places4 ,aga91 9 e m\nta9 side1 & cliff ( rude sea %ore1 ,he has heap$ /ones "o ^u ano!r ( great] magnitude ?an ^? ( ,*>tres ,ca!dral1 & sculptur$ !m ) floral ornam5t1--surely n less sacr$ because liv+8 #fd4 ,mu/ x n !n be only because we love our own "w bett] ?an ,81 t we respect ! luc5t glass1 b n ! luc5t cl\ds2 t we weave embroid]$ robes ) +5i\s f+]s1 & make bright ! gild$ vaults we h beautifully orda9$--:ile yet we h n consid]$ ! heav5s1 ! "w ( ,8 f+]s1 nor ! />s ( ! /range vault :i* ,he has orda9$8 ,& d we dream t by c>v+ fonts & lift+ pill>s 9 ,8 hon\r1 :o cuts ! way ( ! riv]s among ! rocks1 & at ^: repro( ! pill>s ( ! e>? are a/oni%$1 we %all obta9 p>don = ! di%on\r done to ! hills & /reams by :i* ,he has appo9t$ our dwell+-place2--= ! infection ( _! sweet air ) poison2--= ! burn+ up ( _! t5d] grass & fl[]s ) fire1 & = spread+ su* a %ame ( mix$ luxury & mis]y ov] our native l&1 z if we lab\r$ only t1 at lea/ "h 9 ,engl&1 we might be able to give ! lie to ! song1 :e!r ( ! ,*]ubim above1 or ,*ur* b5ea?--,holy1 holy1 ,"l ,god ( all creatures2 ,heav5--& ,e>?--are full ( ,?y glory8 #fe4 ,& h[ mu* m !re is t ,i long to say to y2 & h[ mu*1 ,i hope1 t y w\ld l to answ] to me1 or to "q me (6 ,b ,i c say no m to-day4 ,we are n1 ,i tru/1 at ! end ( our talks or ?\ghts toge!r2 b1 if x 7 s1 & ,i nev] spoke to y m1 ?is t ,i h said to y ,i %\ld h be5 glad to h be5 p]mitt$ to say2 & ?is1 f>!r1 :i* is ! sum ( x1--,t we may h spl5d\r ( art aga91 & ) t1 we may truly praise & hon\r our ,mak]1 & ) t set =? ! beauty & hol9ess ( all t ,he has made3 b only aft] we h /riv5 ) our :ole he>ts fir/ to sanctify ! temple ( ! body & _s ( e *ild t has no ro( to cov] its head f ! cold1 & no walls to gu>d its s\l f corruption1 9 ?is our ,engli% l&4 ,"o ^w m4 ,:at ,i h sugge/$ hi!rto1 respect+ ! relations ( ,art to ,religion1 y mu/ receive ?r\gh\t z m]ely motive ( ?\ght2 ?\gh y mu/ h well se5 t my own convictions 7 e/abli%$ f9ally on "s ( ! po9ts 9 "q4 ,b ,i mu/1 9 conclusion1 tell y some?+ t ,i "k2--:i*1 if y truly lab\r1 y w "o day "k also2 & :i* ,i tru/ "s ( y w believe1 n[4 ,dur+ ! m9utes 9 :i* y h be5 li/5+ to me1 ,i suppose t almo/ at e o!r s5t5ce ^? ^: habit ( m9d has be5 "o ( v5]ation = e/abli%$ =ms & fai?s1 mu/ h be5 9 dread t ,i 0 ab\t to say1 or 9 pang ( regret at my hav+ said1 :at seem$ to !m an irrev]5t or reckless ^w t\*+ vitally important ?+s4 ,s f> f ?is be+ ! fact1 x is j because ! feel+s t ,i mo/ desire to cultivate 9 y\r m9ds are ^? ( rev]5ce & admiration1 t ,i am s e>ne/ to prev5t y f be+ mov$ to ei!r by trivial or false semblances4 ,?is is ! ?+ :i* ,i ,,"k--& :i*1 if y lab\r fai?fully1 y %all "k also1--t 9 ,rev]5ce is ! *ief joy & p[] ( life2--,rev]5ce1 = :at is pure & bright 9 y\r own y\?2 = :at is true & tri$ 9 ! age ( o!rs2 = all t is graci\s among ! liv+1--great among ! dead1--& m>vell\s1 9 ! ,p[]s t _c die4 ,,lecture ,,iii ,,! ,,relation ,,( ,,art ,,to ,,morals #ff4 ,y probably recollect t1 9 ! beg9n+ ( my la/ lecture1 x 0 /at$ t f9e art _h1 & c\ld h1 b ?ree functions3 ! en=c+ ( ! religi\s s5tim5ts ( m51 ! p]fect+ _! e?ical /ate1 & ! do+ !m mat]ial s]vice4 ,we h to-day to exam9e1 ! mode ( its action 9 ! second p[]--t ( p]fect+ ! morality1 or e?ical /ate1 ( m54 ,p]fect+1 obs]ve--n produc+4 ,y mu/ h ! "r moral /ate fir/1 or y _c h ! art4 ,b :5 ! art is once obta9$1 its reflect$ action enhances & completes ! moral /ate out ( :i* x arose1 &1 above all1 communicates ! exultation to o!r m9ds :i* are already morally capable ( ! l4 #fg4 ,= in/ance1 take ! art ( s++1 & ! simple/ p]fect ma/] ( x 7up to ! limits ( 8 nature7 :om y c f9d2--a skyl>k4 ,f him y may le>n :at x is to s+ = joy4 ,y mu/ get ! moral /ate fir/1 ! pure gladness1 !n give x f9i%$ expression2 & x is p]fect$ 9 itself1 & made communicable to o!r creatures capable ( su* joy4 ,b x is incommunicable to ^? :o are n prep>$ to receive x4 ,n[1 all "r human song is1 simil>ly1 ! f9i%$ expression1 by art1 ( ! joy or grief ( noble p]sons1 = "r causes4 ,& accurately 9 proportion to ! rightness ( ! cause1 & purity ( ! emotion1 is ! possibility ( ! f9e art4 ,a maid5 may s+ ( h] lo/ love1 b a mis] _c s+ ( 8 lo/ money4 ,& ) absolute precision1 f highe/ to l[e/1 ! f95ess ( ! possible art is an index ( ! moral purity & maje/y ( ! emotion x expresses4 ,y may te/ x practically at any in/ant4 ,"q ) y\rselves respect+ any feel+ t has tak5 /rong possession ( y\r m9d1 ,c\ld ?is be sung by a ma/]1 & sung nobly1 ) a true melody & art8 ,!n x is a "r feel+4 ,c\ld x n be sung at all1 or only sung ludicr\sly8 ,x is a base "o4 ,& t is s 9 all ! arts2 s t ) ma!matical precision1 subject to no error or exception1 ! art ( a nation1 s f> z x exi/s1 is an expon5t ( its e?ical /ate4 #fh4 ,an expon5t1 obs]ve1 & exalt+ influ5ce2 b n ! root or cause4 ,y _c pa9t or s+ y\rselves into be+ good m52 y mu/ be good m5 be=e y c ei!r pa9t or s+1 & !n ! col\r & s\nd w complete 9 y all t is be/4 ,& ?is x 0 t ,i call$ ^u y to he>1 say+1 li/5 to me at lea/ n[1 9 ! fir/ lecture1 namely1 t no art-tea*+ c\ld be ( use to y1 b w\ld r be h>mful1 unless x 0 graft$ on some?+ deep] ?an all art4 ,= inde$ n only ) ?is1 ( :i* x is my function to %[ y ! laws1 b mu* m ) ! art ( all m51 :i* y came "h *iefly to le>n1 t ( language1 ! *ief vices ( education h aris5 f ! "o great fallacy ( suppos+ t noble language is a communicable trick ( gramm> & acc5t1 in/ead ( simply ! c>eful expression ( "r ?\ght4 ,all ! virtues ( language are1 9 _! roots1 moral2 x becomes accurate if ! speak] desires to be true2 cle>1 if he speaks ) sympa?y & a desire to be intelligible2 p[]ful1 if he has e>ne/ness2 pleasant1 if he has s5se ( rhy?m & ord]4 ,!re are no o!r virtues ( language producible by art ?an ^!3 b let me m>k m deeply = an in/ant ! significance ( "o ( !m4 ,language1 ,i said1 is only cle> :5 x is sympa!tic4 ,y c1 9 tru?1 und]/& a man's ^w only by und]/&+ 8 temp]4 ,y\r own ^w is also z ( an unkn[n tongue to him unless he und]/&s y\rs4 ,& x is ?is :i* makes ! art ( language1 if any "o is to be *os5 sep>ately f ! re/1 t :i* is fitte/ = ! in/rum5t ( a g5tleman's education4 ,to tea* ! mean+ ( a ^w ?or\ghly1 is to tea* ! nature ( ! _s t co9$ x2 ! secret ( language is ! secret ( sympa?y1 & its full *>m is possible only to ! g5tle4 ,& ?us ! pr9ciples ( beautiful spee* h all be5 fix$ by s9c]e & k9dly spee*4 ,on ! laws :i* h be5 det]m9$ by s9c]ity1 false spee*1 app>5tly beautiful1 may aft]w>ds be con/ruct$2 b all su* utt]ance1 :e!r 9 oration or poetry1 is n only )\t p]man5t p[]1 b x is de/ructive ( ! pr9ciples x has usurp$4 ,s long z no words are utt]$ b 9 fai?fulness1 s long ! art ( language goes on exalt+ itself2 b ! mom5t x is %ap$ & *isell$ on ext]nal pr9ciples1 x falls into frivolity1 & p]i%es4 ,& ?is tru? w\ld h be5 long ago manife/1 _h x n be5 t 9 p]iods ( advanc$ academical sci5ce !re is always a t5d5cy to d5y ! s9c]ity ( ! fir/ ma/]s ( language4 ,once le>n to write gracefully 9 ! mann] ( an anci5t au?or1 & we are apt to ?9k t he also wrote 9 ! mann] ( "s "o else4 ,b no noble nor "r /yle 0 ev] yet f\nd$ b out ( a s9c]e he>t4 ,no man is wor? read+ to =m y\r /yle1 :o does n mean :at he says2 nor 0 any great /yle ev] inv5t$ b by "s man :o meant :at he said4 ,f9d out ! beg9n] ( a great mann] ( writ+1 & y h also f\nd ! decl>] ( "s true facts or s9c]e passions3 & y\r :ole me?od ( read+ w ?us be quick5$1 =1 be+ sure t y\r au?or really meant :at he said1 y w be mu* m c>eful to asc]ta9 :at x is t he means4 #fi4 ,& ( yet great] importance is x deeply to "k t e beauty possess$ by ! language ( a nation is significant ( ! inn]mo/ laws ( its be+4 ,keep ! temp] ( ! p /]n & manly2 make _! associations grave1 c\rte\s1 & = wor?y objects2 occupy !m 9 j de$s2 & _! tongue mu/ ne$s be a gr& "o4 ,nor is x possible1 !re=e--obs]ve ! necess>y reflect$ action--t any tongue %\ld be a noble "o1 ( :i* ! words are n s _m trumpet-calls to action4 ,all great languages inv>iably utt] great ?+s1 & comm& !m2 !y _c be mimick$ b by ob$i5ce2 ! brea? ( !m is inspiration because x is n only vocal1 b vital2 & y c only le>n to speak z ^! m5 spoke1 by becom+ :at ^! m5 74 #gj4 ,n[ = direct confirmation ( ?is1 ,i want y to ?9k ov] ! relation ( expression to "* 9 two great ma/]s ( ! absolute art ( language1 ,virgil & ,pope4 ,y are p]haps surpris$ at ! la/ "n2 & inde$ y h 9 ,engli% mu* high] grasp & melody ( language f m passionate m9ds1 b y h no?+ else1 9 its range1 s p]fect4 ,i "n1 !re=e1 ^! two m51 because !y are ! two mo/ accompli%$ ,arti/s1 m]ely z su*1 :om ,i "k 9 lit]ature2 & because ,i ?9k y w be aft]w>ds int]e/$ 9 inve/igat+ h[ ! inf9ite grace 9 ! words ( ! "o1 & ! sev]ity 9 ^? ( ! o!r1 & ! precision 9 ^? ( bo?1 arise :olly out ( ! moral elem5ts ( _! m9ds3--out ( ! deep t5d]ness 9 ,virgil :i* enabl$ him to write ! /ories ( ,nisus & ,lausus2 & ! s]5e & j b5evol5ce :i* plac$ ,pope1 9 8 !ology1 two c5turies 9 advance ( 8 "t1 & enabl$ him to sum ! law ( noble life 9 two l9es :i*1 s f> z ,i "k1 are ! mo/ complete1 ! mo/ concise1 & ! mo/ l(ty expression ( moral temp] exi/+ 9 ,engli% words3-- ,nev] elat$1 :ile "o man's oppress'd2 ,nev] deject$1 :ile ano!r's bless'd4 ,i wi% y also to rememb] ^! l9es ( ,pope1 & to make y\rselves entirely ma/]s ( 8 sy/em ( e?ics2 because1 putt+ ,%akespe>e aside z r ! _w's ?an ours1 ,i hold ,pope to be ! mo/ p]fect repres5tative we h1 s9ce ,*auc]1 ( ! true ,engli% m9d2 & ,i ?9k ! ,dunciad is ! mo/ absolutely *isell$ & monum5tal "w exact$ 9 our c\ntry4 ,y w f9d1 z y /udy ,pope1 t he has express$ = y1 9 ! /ricte/ language & )9 ! briefe/ limits1 e law ( art1 ( criticism1 ( economy1 ( policy1 &1 f9ally1 ( a b5evol5ce1 humble1 rational1 & resign$1 cont5t$ ) its allott$ %>e ( life1 & tru/+ ! problem ( its salvation to ,him 9 ^: h& lies t ( ! univ]se4 #ga4 ,& n[ ,i pass to ! arts ) :i* ,i h special conc]n1 9 :i*1 ?\gh ! facts are exactly ! same1 ,i %all h m difficulty 9 prov+ my ass]tion1 because v few ( u are z cognizant ( ! m]it ( pa9t+ z we are ( t ( language2 & ,i c only %[ y :5ce t m]it spr+s1 aft] hav+ ?or\ghly %[n y 9 :at x consi/s4 ,b1 9 ! meantime1 ,i h simply to tell y1 t ! manual arts are z accurate expon5ts ( e?ical /ate1 z o!r modes ( expression2 fir/1 ) absolute precision1 ( t ( ! workman2 & !n ) precision1 disguis$ by _m di/ort+ influ5ces1 ( t ( ! nation to :i* x belongs4 ,&1 fir/1 !y are a p]fect expon5t ( ! m9d ( ! workman3 b1 be+ s1 rememb]1 if ! m9d be great or complex1 ! art is n an easy book to read2 = we mu/ ourselves possess all ! m5tal *>act]s ( :i* we are to read ! signs4 ,no man c read ! evid5ce ( lab\r :o is n himself labori\s1 = he does n "k :at ! "w co/3 nor c he read ! evid5ce ( true passion if he is n passionate2 nor ( g5tl5ess if he is n g5tle3 & ! mo/ subtle signs ( fault & weakness ( "* he c only judge by hav+ _h ! same faults to fight )4 ,i myself1 = in/ance1 "k impati5t "w1 & tir$ "w1 bett] ?an mo/ critics1 because ,i am myself always impati5t1 & (t5 tir$3--s also1 ! pati5t & indefatigable t\* ( a mighty ma/] becomes m wond]ful to me ?an to o!rs4 ,yet1 wond]ful 9 no mean measure x w be to y all1 :5 ,i make x manife/1--& z soon z we beg9 our real "w1 & y h le>n$ :at x is to draw a true l9e1 ,i %all be able to make manife/ to y1--& indisputably s1--t ! day's "w ( a man l ,mantegna or ,paul ,v]onese consi/s ( an unfalt]+1 un9t]rupt$ succession ( movem5ts ( ! h& m precise ?an ^? ( ! f9e/ f5c]3 ! p5cil leav+ "o po9t & arriv+ at ano!r1 n only ) un]r+ precision at ! extremity ( ! l9e1 b ) an un]r+ & yet v>i$ c\rse--sometimes ov] spaces a foot or m 9 ext5t--yet a c\rse s det]m9$ ev]y:]e1 t ei!r ( ^! m5 c\ld1 & ,v]onese (t5 does1 draw a f9i%$ pr(ile1 or any o!r portion ( ! cont\r ( ! face1 ) "o l9e1 n aft]w>ds *ang$4 ,try1 fir/1 to realise to y\rselves ! muscul> precision ( t action1 & ! intellectual /ra9 ( x2 = ! movem5t ( a f5c] is p]fect 9 practis$ monotony2 b ! movem5t ( ! h& ( a great pa9t] is at e in/ant gov]n$ by a direct & new int5tion4 ,!n imag9e t muscul> firmness & subtlety1 & ! in/antane\sly selective & ord9ant en]gy ( ! bra91 su/a9$ all day long1 n only )\t fatigue1 b ) a visible joy 9 ! ex]tion1 l t :i* an eagle seems to take 9 ! wave ( 8 w+s2 & ?is all life long1 & ?r\gh long life1 n only )\t failure ( p[]1 b ) visible increase ( x1 until ! actually organic *anges ( old age4 ,& !n consid]1 s f> z y "k any?+ ( physiology1 :at sort ( an e?ical /ate ( body & m9d t means6 e?ic ?r\gh ages pa/6 :at f95ess ( race !re mu/ be to get x1 :at exquisite balance & symmetry ( ! vital p[]s6 ,& !n1 f9ally1 det]m9e = y\rselves :e!r a manhood l t is consi/5t ) any vici\sness ( s\l1 ) any mean anxiety1 any gnaw+ lu/1 any wret*$ness ( spite or remorse1 any consci\sness ( rebellion aga9/ law ( ,god or man1 or any actual1 ?\gh unconsci\s violation ( ev5 ! lea/ law to :i* ob$i5ce is ess5tial = ! glory ( life & ! pleas+ ( its ,giv]4 #gb4 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 true t _m ( ! /rong ma/]s _h deep faults ( "*1 b _! faults always %[ 9 _! "w4 ,x is true t "s c\ld n gov]n _! passions2 if s1 !y di$ "y1 or !y pa9t$ ill :5 old4 ,b ! great] "p ( our misappreh5sion 9 ! :ole matt] is f our n hav+ well kn[n :o ! great pa9t]s 71 & tak+ delight 9 ! petty skill t 0 br$ 9 ! fumes ( ! tav]ns ( ! ,nor?1 in/ead ( !irs :o brea!d empyreal air1 sons ( ! morn+1 "u ! woods ( ,assisi & ! crags ( ,cadore4 #gc4 ,x is true h[ev] also1 z ,i h po9t$ out long ago1 t ! /rong ma/]s fall into two great divisions1 "o lead+ simple & natural lives1 ! o!r re/ra9$ 9 a ,puritanism ( ! wor%ip ( beauty2 & ^! two mann]s ( life y may recognise 9 a mom5t by _! "w4 ,g5]ally ! naturali/s are ! /ronge/2 b !re are two ( ! ,puritans1 ^: "w if ,i c succe$ 9 mak+ cle>ly und]/&able to y dur+ my ?ree ye>s "h1 x is all ,i ne$ c>e to d4 ,b ( ^! two ,puritans "o ,i _c "n to y1 & ! o!r ,i at pres5t w n4 ,"o ,i _c1 = no "o kn[s 8 "n1 except ! baptismal "o1 ,b]n>d1 or de> little ,b]n>d--,b]n>d9o1 call$ f 8 bir?place1 7,lu9o1 on ! ,lago ,maggiore17 ,b]n>d ( ,lu9o4 ,! o!r is a ,v5etian1 ( :om _m ( y probably h nev] he>d1 & ( :om1 ?r\gh me1 y %all n he>1 until ,i h tri$ to get "s picture by him ov] to ,engl&4 #gd4 ,obs]ve !n1 ?is ,puritanism 9 ! wor%ip ( beauty1 ?\gh sometimes weak1 is always hon\rable & amiable1 & ! exact rev]se ( ! false ,puritanism1 :i* consi/s 9 ! dread or disda9 ( beauty4 ,& 9 ord] to treat my subject rightly1 ,i ought to proce$ f ! skill ( art to ! *oice ( its subject1 & %[ y h[ ! moral temp] ( ! workman is %[n by 8 seek+ lovely =ms & ?\ghts to express1 z well z by ! =ce ( 8 h& 9 expression4 ,b ,i ne$ n n[ urge ?is "p ( ! pro( on y1 because y are already1 ,i believe1 suffici5tly consci\s ( ! tru? 9 ?is matt]1 & also ,i h already said en\gh ( x 9 my writ+s2 :]eas ,i h n at all said en\gh ( ! infallibl5ess ( f9e te*nical "w z a pro( ( e o!r good p[]4 ,& inde$ x 0 long be=e ,i myself und]/ood ! true mean+ ( ! pride ( ! greate/ m5 9 _! m]e execution1 %[n = a p]man5t lesson to u1 9 ! /ories :i*1 :e!r true or n1 indicate ) absolute accuracy ! g5]al conviction ( great arti/s2--! /ories ( ! conte/ ( ,apelles & ,protog5es 9 a l9e only1 7( :i* ,i c promise y1 y %all "k ! mean+ to "s purpose 9 a little :ile71--! /ory ( ! circle ( ,giotto1 & especially1 :i* y may p]haps n h obs]v$1 ! expression ( ,dr] 9 8 inscription on ! draw+s s5t him by ,raphael4 ,^! figures1 he says1 ,raphael drew & s5t to ,alb]t ,dr] 9 ,nrnb]g1 to %[ him--,:at8 ,n 8 inv5tion1 nor 8 beauty ( expression1 b se9 ,h& zu weis51 ,to %[ him 8 h&4 ,& y w f9d1 z y exam9e f>!r1 t all inf]ior arti/s are cont9ually try+ to escape f ! necessity ( s\nd "w1 & ei!r indulg+ !mselves 9 _! delights 9 subject1 or plum+ !mselves on _! noble motives = attempt+ :at !y _c p]=m2 7& obs]ve1 by ! way1 t a great deal ( :at is mi/ak5 = consci5ti\s motive is no?+ b a v pe/il5t1 because v subtle1 condition ( vanity72 :]eas ! great m5 always und]/& at once t ! fir/ morality ( a pa9t]1 z ( ev]ybody else1 is to "k 8 bus9ess2 & s e>ne/ are !y 9 ?is1 t _m1 ^: lives y w\ld ?9k1 by ! results ( _! "w1 _h be5 pass$ 9 /rong emotion1 h 9 reality subdu$ !mselves1 ?\gh capable ( ! v /ronge/ passions1 into a calm z absolute z t ( a deeply %elt]$ m\nta9 lake1 :i* reflects e agitation ( ! cl\ds 9 ! sky1 & e *ange ( ! %ad[s on ! hills1 b is itself motionless4 #ge4 ,f9ally1 y mu/ rememb] t great obscurity has be5 br\ght ^u ! tru? 9 ?is matt] by ! want ( integrity & simplicity 9 our mod]n life4 ,i mean integrity 9 ! ,lat9 s5se1 :ol5ess4 ,ev]y?+ is brok5 up1 & m+l$ 9 confusion1 bo? 9 our habits & ?\ghts2 besides be+ 9 great "p imitative3 s t y n only _c tell :at a man is1 b sometimes y _c tell :e!r he is1 at all6--:e!r y h inde$ to d ) a _s1 or only ) an e*o4 ,& ?us ! same inconsi/5cies appe> n[1 betwe5 ! "w ( arti/s ( m]it & _! p]sonal *>act]s1 z ^? :i* y f9d cont9ually disappo9t+ expectation 9 ! lives ( m5 ( mod]n lit]>y p[]2 ! same conditions ( society hav+ obscur$ or misdirect$ ! be/ qualities ( ! imag9ation1 bo? 9 our lit]ature & art4 ,?us !re is no s]i\s "q ) any ( u z to ! p]sonal "* ( ,dante & ,giotto1 ( ,%akespe>e & ,holbe92 b we pause timidly 9 ! attempt to analyse ! moral laws ( ! art skill 9 rec5t poets1 noveli/s1 & pa9t]s4 #gf4 ,let me assure y once = all1 t z y gr[ old]1 if y enable y\rselves to di/+ui%1 by ! tru? ( y\r own lives1 :at is true 9 ^? ( o!r m51 y w gradually p]ceive t all good has its orig9 9 good1 nev] 9 evil2 t ! fact ( ei!r lit]ature or pa9t+ be+ truly f9e ( _! k9d1 :atev] _! mi/ak5 aim1 or p>tial error1 is pro( ( _! noble orig93 & t1 if !re is inde$ /]l+ value 9 ! ?+ done1 x has come ( a /]l+ wor? 9 ! s\l t did x1 h[ev] alloy$ or defil$ by conditions ( s9 :i* are sometimes m appall+ or m /range ?an ^? :i* all may detect 9 _! own he>ts1 because !y are "p ( a p]sonality altoge!r l>g] ?an ours1 & z f> beyond our judgm5t 9 its d>kness z beyond our foll[+ 9 its light4 ,& x is suffici5t w>n+ aga9/ :at "s might dread z ! probable effect ( su* a conviction on y\r own m9ds1 namely1 t y might p]mit y\rselves 9 ! weaknesses :i* y imag9$ to be alli$ to g5ius1 :5 !y took ! =m ( p]sonal temptations2--x is surely1 ,i say1 suffici5t w>n+ aga9/ s mean a folly1 to disc]n1 z y may ) little pa9s1 t1 ( all human exi/5ces1 ! lives ( m5 ( t di/ort$ & ta9t$ nobility ( intellect are probably ! mo/ mis]able4 #gg4 ,i pass to ! second1 & = u ! m practically important "q1 ,:at is ! effect ( noble art ^u o!r m52 :at has x done = national morality 9 "t pa/3 & :at effect is ! ext5d$ k or possession ( x likely to h ^u u n[8 ,& "h we are at once met by ! facts1 :i* are z gloomy z indisputable1 t1 :ile _m peasant populations1 among :om sc>cely ! rude/ practice ( art has ev] be5 attempt$1 h liv$ 9 comp>ative innoc5ce1 hon\r & happ9ess1 ! wor/ f\lness & cruelty ( savage tribes h be5 frequ5tly associat$ ) f9e +5uities ( decorative design2 also1 t no p has ev] atta9$ ! high] /ages ( art skill1 except at a p]iod ( its civilisation :i* 0 sulli$ by frequ5t1 viol5t & ev5 mon/r\s crime2 &1 la/ly1 t ! atta9+ ( p]fection 9 art p[] has be5 hi!rto1 9 e nation1 ! accurate signal ( ! beg9n+ ( its ru94 #gh4 ,respect+ :i* ph5om5a1 obs]ve fir/1 t al?\gh good nev] spr+s out ( evil1 x is develop$ to its highe/ by cont5tion ) evil4 ,!re are "s gr\ps ( peasantry1 9 f>-away nooks ( ,*ri/ian c\ntries1 :o are ne>ly z innoc5t z lambs2 b ! morality :i* gives p[] to art is ! morality ( m51 n ( cattle4 ,secondly1 ! virtues ( ! inhabitants ( _m c\ntry di/ricts are app>5t1 n real2 _! lives are inde$ artless1 b n innoc5t2 & x is only ! monotony ( circum/ances1 & ! abs5ce ( temptation1 :i* prev5t ! exhibition ( evil passions n less real because (t5 dormant1 nor less f\l because %[n only 9 petty faults1 or inactive malignities4 #gi4 ,b y w obs]ve also t absolute artlessness1 to m5 9 any k9d ( moral heal?1 is impossible2 !y h always1 at lea/1 ! art by :i* !y live--agriculture or seaman%ip2 & 9 ^! indu/ries1 skilfully practis$1 y w f9d ! law ( _! moral tra9+2 :ile1 :atev] ! adv]sity ( circum/ances1 e rightly-m9d$ peasantry1 su* z t ( ,sw$51 ,d5m>k1 ,bav>ia1 or ,switz]l&1 has associat$ ) its ne$ful indu/ry a q /udi$ s*ool ( pleasurable art 9 dress2 & g5]ally also 9 song1 & simple dome/ic ar*itecture4 #hj4 ,aga91 ,i ne$ n repeat to y "h :at ,i endeav\r$ to expla9 9 ! fir/ lecture 9 ! book ,i call$ ,! ,two ,pa?s1 respect+ ! arts ( savage races3 b ,i may n[ note briefly t su* arts are ! result ( an intellectual activity :i* has f\nd no room to exp&1 & :i* ! tyranny ( nature or ( man has condemn$ to disease ?r\gh arre/$ gr[?4 ,& :]e nei!r ,*ri/ianity1 nor any o!r religion convey+ "s moral help1 has rea*$1 ! animal en]gy ( su* races necess>ily flames into gha/ly conditions ( evil1 & ! grotesque or frightful =ms assum$ by _! art are precisely indicative ( _! di/ort$ moral nature4 #ha4 ,b ! truly great nations ne>ly always beg9 f a race possess+ ?is imag9ative p[]2 & = "s "t _! progress is v sl[1 & _! /ate n "o ( innoc5ce1 b ( fev]i% & faultful animal en]gy4 ,?is is gradually subdu$ & exalt$ into bright human life2 ! art in/9ct purify+ itself ) ! re/ ( ! nature1 until social p]fectness is ne>ly rea*$2 & !n comes ! p]iod :5 consci5ce & intellect are s highly develop$1 t new =ms ( error beg9 9 ! inability to fulfil ! dem&s ( ! "o1 or to answ] ! d\bts ( ! o!r4 ,!n ! :ol5ess ( ! p is lo/2 all k9ds ( hypocrisies & oppositions ( sci5ce develop !mselves2 _! fai? is que/ion$ on "o side1 & compromis$ ) on ! o!r2 weal? commonly increases at ! same p]iod to a de/ructive ext5t2 luxury foll[s2 & ! ru9 ( ! nation is !n c]ta93 :ile ! arts1 all ?is "t1 are simply1 z ,i said at fir/1 ! expon5ts ( ea* phase ( its moral /ate1 & no m control x 9 its political c>e] ?an ! gleam ( ! firefly guides its oscillation4 ,x is true t _! mo/ spl5did results are usually obta9$ 9 ! swiftness ( ! p[] :i* is hurry+ to ! precipice2 b to lay ! *>ge ( ! cata/rophe to ! art by :i* x is illum9$1 is to f9d a cause = ! cat>act 9 ! hues ( its iris4 ,x is true t ! colossal vices belong+ to p]iods ( great national weal? 7= weal?1 y w f9d1 is ! real root ( all evil7 c turn e good gift & skill ( nature or ( man to evil purpose4 ,if1 9 su* times1 fair pictures h be5 misus$1 h[ mu* m fair realities8 ,& if ,mir&a is immoral to ,caliban1 is t ,mir&a's fault8 #hb4 ,& ,i c\ld easily g on to trace = y :at at ! mom5t ,i speak1 is signifi$1 9 our own national "*1 by ! =ms ( art1 & unhappily also by ! =ms ( :at is n art1 b ,greek3 ate*nia1 t exi/ among u4 ,b ! m important "q is1 ,:at w be signifi$ by !m2 :at is !re 9 u n[ ( wor? & /r5g?1 :i* "u our new & p>tly accid5tal impulse t[>ds =mative lab\r1 may be by t express$1 & by t =tifi$8 ,w\ld x n be well to "k ?is8 ,nay1 irrespective ( all future "w1 is x n ! fir/ ?+ we %\ld want to "k1 :at /uff we are made (--h[ f> we are aga?oi or kakoi--good1 or good = no?+8 ,we may all "k t1 ea* ( ourselves1 easily en\gh1 if we l to put "o grave "q well home4 #hc4 ,suppos+ x 7 told any ( y by a physician ^: ^w y c\ld n b tru/1 t y _h n m ?an sev5 days to live4 ,& suppose also t1 by ! mann] ( y\r education x _h happ5$ to y1 z x has happ5$ to _m1 nev] to h he>d ( any future /ate1 or n to h cr$it$ :at y he>d2 & !re=e t y _h to face ?is fact ( ! approa* ( dea? 9 its simplicity3 fe>+ no puni%m5t = any s9 t y might h be=e committ$1 or 9 ! com+ days might det]m9e to commit2 & hav+ simil>ly no hope ( rew>d = pa/1 or yet possible1 virtue2 nor ev5 ( any consci\sness :atev] to be left to y1 aft] ! sev5? day _h end$1 ei!r ( ! results ( y\r acts to ^? :om y lov$1 or ( ! feel+s ( any survivors t[>ds y4 ,!n ! mann] 9 :i* y w\ld sp5d ! sev5 days is an exact measure ( ! morality ( y\r nature4 #hd4 ,i "k t "s ( y1 & ,i believe ! great] numb] ( y1 w\ld1 9 su* a case1 sp5d ! grant$ days entirely z y ought4 ,nei!r 9 numb]+ ! errors1 or deplor+ ! pleasures ( ! pa/2 nor 9 grasp+ at vile good 9 ! pres5t1 nor va9ly lam5t+ ! d>kness ( ! future2 b 9 an in/ant & e>ne/ execution ( :atev] x might be possible = y to accompli% 9 ! "t1 9 sett+ y\r affairs 9 ord]1 & 9 provid+ = ! future com=t1 &--s f> z y might by any message or record ( y\rself1--= ! consolation1 ( ^? :om y lov$1 & by :om y desir$ to be rememb]$1 n = y\r good1 b = !irs4 ,h[ f> y might fail ?r\gh human weakness1 9 %ame = ! pa/1 despair at ! little t c\ld 9 ! remnant ( life be accompli%$1 or ! intol]able pa9 ( brok5 affection1 w\ld dep5d :olly on ! degree 9 :i* y\r nature _h be5 depress$ or =tifi$ by ! mann] ( y\r pa/ life4 ,b ,i ?9k !re are few ( y :o w\ld n sp5d ^? la/ days bett] ?an all t _h prec$$ !m4 #he4 ,if y look accurately ?r\gh ! records ( ! lives t h be5 mo/ useful to humanity1 y w f9d t all t has be5 done be/1 has be5 done s2--t to ! cle>e/ intellects & highe/ s\ls1--to ! true *ildr5 ( ! ,fa!r1 ) :om a ?\s& ye>s are z "o day1 _! poor sev5ty ye>s are b z sev5 days4 ,! removal ( ! %ad[ ( dea? f !m to an unc]ta91 b always n>r[1 di/ance1 nev] takes away f !m _! intuition ( its approa*2 ! ext5d+ to !m ( a few h\rs m or less ( light abates n _! ackn[l$gm5t ( ! inf9itude t mu/ rema9 to be kn[n beyond _! k1--done beyond _! de$s3 ! unpr(itabl5ess ( _! mom5t>y s]vice is wr\ght 9 a magnific5t despair1 & _! v hon\r is bequea!d by !m = ! joy ( o!rs1 z !y lie d[n to _! re/1 reg>d+ = !mselves ! voice ( m5 no m4 #hf4 ,! be/ ?+s1 ,i repeat to y1 h be5 done ?us1 & !re=e1 sorr[fully4 ,b ! greate/ "p ( ! good "w ( ! _w is done ei!r 9 pure & unvex$ in/9ct ( duty1 ,i h /ubb$ ,?ornaby wa/e1 or else1 & bett]1 x is *e]ful & helpful do+ ( :at ! h& f9ds to d1 9 surety t at ev5+ "t1 :atsoev] is "r ! ,ma/] w give4 ,& t x be wor?ily done1 dep5ds :olly on t ultimate quantity ( wor? :i* y c measure1 ea* 9 himself1 by ! te/ ,i h j giv5 y4 ,= t te/1 obs]ve1 w m>k to y ! precise =ce1 fir/ ( y\r absolute c\rage1 & !n ( ! en]gy 9 y = ! "r ord]+ ( ?+s1 & ! k9dly deal+ ) p]sons4 ,y h cut away f ^! two in/9cts e selfi% or common motive1 & left no?+ b ! en]gies ( ,ord] & ( ,love4 #hg4 ,n[1 :]e ^? two roots are set1 all ! o!r p[]s & desires f9d "r n\ri%m5t1 & become to _! own utmo/1 helpful to o!rs & pleasurable to ourselves4 ,& s f> z ^? two spr+s ( action are n 9 u1 all o!r p[]s become corrupt or dead2 ev5 ! love ( tru?1 ap>t f ^!1 h>d5s into an insol5t & cold av>ice ( k1 :i* unus$1 is m va9 ?an unus$ gold4 #hh4 ,^!1 !n1 are ! two ess5tial in/9cts ( humanity3 ! love ( ,ord] & ! love ( ,k9dness4 ,by ! love ( ord] ! moral en]gy is to deal ) ! e>?1 & to dress x1 & keep x2 & ) all rebelli\s & dissolute =ces 9 l[] creatures1 or 9 ourselves4 ,by ! love ( do+ k9dness x is to deal rightly ) all surr\nd+ life4 ,& !n1 graft$ on ^!1 we are to make e o!r passion p]fect2 s t !y may e "o h full /r5g? & yet be absolutely "u control4 #hi4 ,e "o mu/ be /rong1 e "o p]fect1 e "o ob$i5t z a w> horse4 ,& x is among ! mo/ beautiful pieces ( my/icism to :i* et]nal tru? is atta*$1 t ! *>iot race1 :i* ,plato uses z an image ( moral gov]nm5t1 & :i* is inde$ ! mo/ p]fect type ( x 9 any visible skill ( m51 %\ld h be5 made by ! ,greeks ! cont9ual subject ( _! be/ poetry & be/ art4 ,nev]!less ,plato's use ( x is n altoge!r true4 ,!re is no black horse 9 ! *>iot ( ! s\l4 ,"o ( ! driv]'s wor/ faults is 9 />v+ 8 horses2 ano!r1 9 n break+ !m e>ly en\gh2 b !y are all good4 ,take1 = example1 "o usually ?\ght ( z :olly evil--t ( ,ang]1 lead+ to v5geance4 ,i believe x to be q "o ( ! cr[n+ wick$nesses ( ?is age t we h />v$ & *ill$ our faculty ( indignation1 & nei!r desire nor d>e to puni% crimes ju/ly4 ,we h tak5 up ! b5evol5t idea1 =soo?1 t ju/ice is to be prev5tive in/ead ( v9dictive2 & we imag9e t we are to puni%1 n 9 ang]1 b 9 exp$i5cy2 n t we may give des]v$ pa9 to ! p]son 9 fault1 b t we may fright5 o!r p f committ+ ! same fault4 ,! beautiful !ory ( ?is non-v9dictive ju/ice is1 t hav+ convict$ a man ( a crime wor?y ( dea?1 we entirely p>don ! crim9al1 re/ore him to 8 place 9 our affection & e/eem1 & !n hang him1 n z a malefactor1 b z a sc>ecr[4 ,t is ! !ory4 ,& ! practice is1 t we s5d a *ild to prison = a mon? = /eal+ a h&ful ( walnuts1 = fe> t o!r *ildr5 %\ld come to /eal m ( our walnuts4 ,& we d n puni% a sw9dl] = ru9+ a ?\s& families1 because we ?9k sw9dl+ is a :olesome excitem5t to trade4 #ij4 ,b all true ju/ice is v9dictive to vice1 z x is rew>d+ to virtue4 ,only--& h]e9 x is di/+ui%$ f p]sonal rev5ge--x is v9dictive ( ! wrong done2--n ( ! wrong done to u4 ,x is ! national expression ( delib]ate ang]1 z ( delib]ate gratitude2 x is n exempl>y1 or ev5 corrective1 b ess5tially retributive2 x is ! absolute art ( measur$ recomp5se1 giv+ hon\r :]e hon\r is due1 & %ame :]e %ame is due1 & joy :]e joy is due1 & pa9 :]e pa9 is due4 ,x is nei!r educational1 = m5 are to be educat$ by :olesome habit1 n by rew>ds & puni%m5ts2 nor is x prev5tive1 = x is to be execut$ )\t reg>d to any consequ5ces2 b only = righte\sness' sake1 a righte\s nation does judgm5t & ju/ice4 ,b 9 ?is1 z 9 all o!r in/ances1 ! rightness ( ! second>y passion dep5ds on its be+ graft$ on ^? two prim>y in/9cts1 ! love ( ord] & ( k9dness1 s t indignation itself is aga9/ ! w\nd+ ( love4 ,d y ?9k ! mnis ,a*ilos came ( a h>d he>t 9 ,a*illes1 or ! ,pallas te hoc vuln]e1 ,pallas1 ( a h>d he>t 9 ,an*ises' son8 #ia4 ,& n[1 if ) ?is clue ?r\gh ! labyr9? ( !m1 y rememb] ! c\rse ( ! arts ( great nations1 y w p]ceive t :atev] has prosp]$1 & become lovely1 _h its beg9n+--= no o!r 0 possible--9 ! love ( ord] 9 mat]ial ?+s associat$ ) true dikaiosun3 & ! desire ( beauty 9 mat]ial ?+s1 :i* is associat$ ) true affection1 *>itas1 & ) ! innum]able conditions ( g5tl5ess express$ by ! diff]5t uses ( ! words *>is & gratia4 ,y w f9d t ?is love ( beauty is an ess5tial "p ( all heal?y human nature1 & ?\gh x c long co-exi/ ) /ates ( life 9 _m o!r respects unvirtu\s1 x is itself :olly good2--! direct adv]s>y ( envy1 av>ice1 mean worldly c>e1 & especially ( cruelty4 ,x entirely p]i%es :5 ^! are wilfully indulg$2 & ! m5 9 :om x has be5 mo/ /rong h always be5 compassionate1 & lov]s ( ju/ice1 & ! e>lie/ disc]n]s & decl>]s ( ?+s conducive to ! happ9ess ( mank9d4 #ib4 ,ne>ly e important tru? respect+ ! love ( beauty 9 its famili> relations to human life 0 my?ically express$ by ! ,greeks 9 _! v>i\s acc\nts ( ! p>5tage & (fices ( ! ,graces4 ,b "o fact1 ! mo/ vital ( all1 !y c\ld n 9 its fulness p]ceive1 namely1 t ! int5sity ( o!r p]ceptions ( beauty is exactly comm5surate ) ! imag9ative purity ( ! passion ( love1 & ) ! s+l5ess ( its devotion4 ,!y 7 n fully consci\s (1 & c\ld n !re=e ei!r my?ically or philosophically express1 ! deep relation )9 !mselves betwe5 _! p[] ( p]ceiv+ beauty1 & ! hon\r ( dome/ic affection :i* f\nd _! /]ne/ !mes ( trag$y 9 ! infr+em5t ( its laws2--:i* made ! rape ( ,hel5 ! *ief subject ( _! epic poetry1 & :i* fa/5$ _! cle>e/ symbolism ( resurrection on ! /ory ( ,alce/is4 ,unhappily1 ! subord9ate position ( _! mo/ rev]$ wom51 & ! p>tial corruption ( feel+ t[>ds !m by ! pres5ce ( c]ta9 o!r s+ul> /ates ( inf]ior passion :i* x is z difficult z griev\s to analyse1 arre/$ ! e?ical z well z ! =mative progress ( ! ,greek m9d2 & x 0 n until aft] an int]val ( ne>ly two ?\s& ye>s ( v>i\s error & pa91 t1 p>tly z ! true rew>d ( ,*ri/ian w>f>e nobly su/a9$ ?r\gh c5turies ( trial1 & p>tly z ! vision>y culm9ation ( ! fai? :i* saw 9 a maid5's purity ! l9k betwe5 ,god & h] race1 ! highe/ & holie/ /r5g? ( mortal love 0 rea*$2 &1 toge!r ) x1 9 ! song ( ,dante1 & ! pa9t+ ( ,b]n>d ( ,lu9o & 8 fell[s1 ! p]ception1 & embodim5t = ev] ( :atsoev] ?+s are pure1 :atsoev] ?+s are lovely1 :atsoev] ?+s are ( good report2--t1 if !re be any virtue1 & if !re be any praise1 m5 might ?9k on ^? ?+s4 #ic4 ,y probably obs]v$ ! expression ,i us$ a mom5t ago1 ! imag9ative purity ( ! passion ( love4 ,i h n yet spok51 nor is x possible = me to-day1 to speak adequately1 ( ! moral p[] ( ! imag9ation3 b y may = y\rselves en\gh disc]n its nature m]ely by comp>+ ! dignity ( ! relations betwe5 ! sexes1 f _! l[e/ level 9 mo?s or mollusca1 ?r\gh ! high] creatures 9 :om !y become a dome/ic influ5ce & law1 up to ! love ( pure m5 & wom52 &1 f9ally1 to ! ideal love :i* animat$ *ivalry4 ,?r\gh\t ?is va/ asc5t x is ! gradual increase ( ! imag9ative faculty :i* exalts & enl>ges ! au?ority ( ! passion1 until1 at its height1 x is ! bulw>k ( pati5ce1 ! tutor ( hon\r1 & ! p]fectness ( praise4 #id4 ,y w f9d f>!r1 t z ( love1 s ( all ! o!r passions1 ! "r gov]nm5t & exaltation beg9s 9 t ( ! ,imag9ation1 :i* is "l ov] !m4 ,= to subdue ! passions1 :i* is ?\ght s (t5 to be ! sum ( duty respect+ !m1 is possible en\gh to a pr\d dulness2 b to excite !m rightly1 & make !m /rong = good1 is ! "w ( ! unselfi% imag9ation4 ,x is con/antly said t human nature is he>tless4 ,d n believe x4 ,human nature is k9d & g5]\s2 b x is n>r[ & bl9d2 & c only ) difficulty conceive any?+ b :at x imm$iately sees & feels4 ,p w\ld in/antly c>e = o!rs z well z !mselves if only !y c\ld imag9e o!rs z well z !mselves4 ,let a *ild fall into ! riv] be=e ! r\ghe/ man's eyes2--he w usually d :at he c to get x out1 ev5 at "s risk to himself2 & all ! t[n w triumph 9 ! sav+ ( "o little life4 ,let ! same man be %[n t hundr$s ( *ildr5 are dy+ ( fev] = want ( "s sanit>y measure :i* x w co/ him tr\ble to urge1 & he w make no ef=t2 & probably all ! t[n w\ld resi/ him if he did4 ,s1 also1 ! lives ( _m des]v+ wom5 are pass$ 9 a succession ( petty anxieties ab\t !mselves1 & glean+ ( m9ute int]e/s & mean pleasures 9 _! imm$iate circle1 because !y are nev] taught to make any ef=t to look beyond x2 or to "k any?+ ab\t ! mighty _w 9 :i* _! lives are fad+1 l blades ( bitt] grass 9 fruitless fields4 #ie4 ,i _h int5d$ to enl>ge on ?is--& yet m on ! k+dom :i* e man holds 9 8 conceptive faculty1 to be peopl$ ) active ?\ghts & lovely pres5ces1 or left wa/e = ! spr++ up ( ^? d>k desires & dreams ( :i* x is writt5 t e imag9ation ( ! ?\ghts ( man's he>t is evil cont9ually4 ,true1 & a ?\s& times true x is1 t1 "h at lea/1 great] is he t rule? 8 _s1 ?an he t take? a city4 ,b ?is y c p>tly foll[ out = y\rselves )\t help1 p>tly we mu/ leave x = future enquiry4 ,i press to ! conclusion :i* ,i wi% to leave ) y1 t all y c rightly d1 or hon\rably become1 dep5ds on ! gov]nm5t ( ^! two in/9cts ( ord] & k9dness1 by ?is great ,imag9ative faculty1 :i* gives y inh]itance ( ! pa/1 grasp ( ! pres5t1 au?ority ov] ! future4 ,map out ! spaces ( y\r possible lives by its help2 measure ! range ( _! possible ag5cy6 ,on ! walls & t[]s ( ?is y\r fair city1 !re is n an ornam5t ( :i* ! fir/ orig9 may n be trac$ back to ! ?\ghts ( m5 :o di$ two ?\s& ye>s ago4 ,:om w y be gov]n+ by y\r ?\ghts1 two ?\s& ye>s h5ce8 ,?9k ( x1 & y w f9d t s f> f art be+ immoral1 little else except art is moral2 t life )\t indu/ry is guilt1 & indu/ry )\t art is brutality3 & = ! words good & wick$1 us$ ( m51 y may almo/ sub/itute ! words ,mak]s & ,de/roy]s4 ,f> ! great] "p ( ! seem+ prosp]ity ( ! _w is1 s f> z our pres5t k ext5ds1 va93 :olly useless = any k9d ( good1 b hav+ assign$ to x a c]ta9 inevitable sequ5ce ( de/ruction & ( sorr[4 ,its /ress is only ! /ress ( w&]+ /orm2 its beauty ! hectic ( plague3 & :at is call$ ! hi/ory ( mank9d is too (t5 ! record ( ! :irlw9d1 & ! map ( ! spread+ ( ! leprosy4 ,b und]nea? all t1 or 9 n>r[ spaces ( dom9ion 9 ! mid/ ( x1 ! "w ( e man1 qui non accepit 9 vanitatem animam suam1 endures & prosp]s2 a small remnant or gre5 bud ( x prevail+ at la/ ov] evil4 ,& ?\gh fa9t ) sickness1 & encumb]$ 9 ru91 ! true work]s r$eem in* by in* ! wild]ness into g>d5 gr\nd2 by ! help ( _! jo9$ h&s ! ord] ( all ?+s is surely su/a9$ & vitally exp&$1 & al?\gh ) /range vacillation1 9 ! eyes ( ! wat*]1 ! morn+ come?1 & also ! night1 !re is no h\r ( human exi/5ce t does n draw on t[>ds ! p]fect day4 #if4 ,& p]fect ! day %all be1 :5 x is ( all m5 und]/ood t ! beauty ( ,hol9ess mu/ be 9 lab\r z well z 9 re/4 ,nay6 m1 if x may be1 9 lab\r2 9 our /r5g?1 r ?an 9 our weakness2 & 9 ! *oice ( :at we %all "w = ?r\gh ! six days1 & may "k to be good at _! ev5+ "t1 ?an 9 ! *oice ( :at we pray = on ! sev5?1 ( rew>d or repose4 ,) ! multitude t keep holiday1 we may p]haps sometimes va9ly h gone up to ! h\se ( ! ,"l1 & va9ly !re ask$ = :at we fanci$ w\ld be m]cy2 b = ! few :o lab\r z _! ,"l w\ld h !m1 ! m]cy ne$s no seek+1 & _! wide home no hall[+4 ,surely goodness & m]cy %all foll[ !m1 all ! days ( _! life2 & !y %all dwell 9 ! h\se ( ! ,"l--,,= ,,ev]4 ,,lecture ,,iv ,,! ,,relation ,,( ,,art ,,to ,,use #ig4 ,our subject ( enquiry to-day1 y w rememb]1 is ! mode 9 :i* f9e art is f\nd$ ^u1 or may contribute to1 ! practical requirem5ts ( human life4 ,its (fices 9 ?is respect are ma9ly tw(old3 x gives ,=m to k1 & ,grace to utility2 t is to say1 x makes p]man5tly visible to u ?+s :i* o!rwise c\ld nei!r be describ$ by our sci5ce1 nor reta9$ by our memory2 & x gives delightfulness & wor? to ! implem5ts ( daily use1 & mat]ials ( dress1 furniture & lodg+4 ,9 ! fir/ ( ^! (fices x gives precision & *>m to tru?2 9 ! second x gives precision & *>m to s]vice4 ,=1 ! mom5t we make any?+ useful ?or\ghly1 x is a law ( nature t we %all be pleas$ ) ourselves1 & ) ! ?+ we h made2 & become desir\s !re=e to adorn or complete x1 9 "s da9ty way1 ) f9] art expressive ( our pleasure4 ,& ! po9t ,i wi% *iefly to br+ be=e y to-day is ?is close & heal?y connection ( ! f9e arts ) mat]ial use2 b ,i mu/ fir/ try briefly to put 9 cle> light ! function ( art 9 giv+ ,=m to tru?4 #ih4 ,mu* t ,i h hi!rto tri$ to tea* has be5 disput$ on ! gr\nd t ,i h atta*$ too mu* importance to art z repres5t+ natural facts1 & too little to x z a s\rce ( pleasure4 ,& ,i wi%1 9 ! close ( ^! f\r prefatory lectures1 /rongly to ass]t to y1 &1 s f> z ,i c 9 ! "t1 conv9ce y1 t ! entire vitality ( art dep5ds ^u its be+ ei!r full ( tru?1 or full ( use2 & t1 h[ev] pleasant1 wond]ful or impressive x may be 9 itself1 x mu/ yet be ( inf]ior k9d1 & t5d to deep] inf]iority1 unless x has cle>ly "o ( ^! ma9 objects1--ei!r to /ate a true ?+1 or to adorn a s]viceable "o4 ,x mu/ nev] exi/ alone--nev] = itself2 x exi/s rightly only :5 x is ! means ( k1 or ! grace ( ag5cy = life4 #ii4 ,n[1 ,i pray y to obs]ve--= ?\gh ,i h said ?is (t5 be=e1 ,i h nev] yet said x cle>ly en\gh--e good piece ( art1 to :i*ev] ( ^! ends x may be direct$1 involves fir/ ess5tially ! evid5ce ( human skill & ! =mation ( an actually beautiful ?+ by x4 ,skill1 & beauty1 always !n2 &1 beyond ^!1 ! =mative arts h always "o or o!r ( ! two objects :i* ,i h j def9$ to y--tru?1 or s]viceabl5ess2 & )\t ^! aims nei!r ! skill nor _! beauty w avail2 only by ^! c ei!r legitimately reign4 ,all ! graphic arts beg9 9 keep+ ! outl9e ( %ad[ t we h lov$1 & !y end 9 giv+ to x ! aspect ( life2 & all ! ar*itectural arts beg9 9 ! %ap+ ( ! cup & ! platt]1 & !y end 9 a glorifi$ ro(4 ,!re=e1 y see1 9 ! graphic arts y h ,skill1 ,beauty1 & ,lik5ess2 & 9 ! ar*itectural arts1 ,skill1 ,beauty1 & ,use2 & y mu/ h ! ?ree 9 ea* gr\p1 balanc$ & co-ord9ate2 & all ! *ief errors ( art consi/ 9 los+ or exagg]at+ "o ( ^! elem5ts4 #ajj4 ,= in/ance1 almo/ ! :ole sy/em & hope ( mod]n life are f\nd$ on ! notion t y may sub/itute me*anism = skill1 photograph = picture1 ca/-iron = sculpture4 ,t is y\r ma9 n9ete5?-c5tury fai?1 or infidelity4 ,y ?9k y c get ev]y?+ by gr9d+--music1 lit]ature1 & pa9t+4 ,y w f9d x griev\sly n s2 y c get no?+ b du/ by m]e gr9d+4 ,ev5 to h ! b>ley-meal out ( x1 y mu/ h ! b>ley fir/2 & t comes by gr[?1 n gr9d+4 ,b ess5tially1 we h lo/ our delight 9 ,skill2 9 t maje/y ( x :i* ,i 0 try+ to make cle> to y 9 my la/ address1 & :i* long ago ,i tri$ to express1 "u ! head ( ideas ( p[]4 ,! entire s5se ( t1 we h lo/1 because we ourselves d n take pa9s en\gh to d "r1 & h no conception ( :at ! "r co/s2 s t all ! joy & rev]5ce we ought to feel 9 look+ at a /rong man's "w h ceas$ 9 u4 ,we keep !m yet a little 9 look+ at a honeycomb or a bird's-ne/2 we und]/& t ^! diff]1 by div9ity ( skill1 f a lump ( wax or a clu/] ( /icks4 ,b a picture1 :i* is a mu* m wond]ful ?+ ?an a honeycomb or a bird's-ne/1--h we n kn[n p1 & s5sible p too1 :o expect$ to be taught to produce t1 9 six lessons8 #aja4 ,well1 y mu/ h ! skill1 y mu/ h ! beauty1 :i* is ! highe/ moral elem5t2 & !n1 la/ly1 y mu/ h ! v]ity or utility1 :i* is n ! moral1 b ! vital elem5t2 & ?is desire = v]ity & use is ! "o aim ( ! ?ree t always leads 9 great s*ools1 & 9 ! m9ds ( great ma/]s1 )\t any exception4 ,!y w p]mit !mselves 9 awkw>dness1 !y w p]mit !mselves 9 ugl9ess2 b !y w nev] p]mit !mselves 9 uselessness or 9 unv]acity4 #ajb4 ,& f>!r1 z _! skill increases1 & z _! grace1 s mu* m1 _! desire = tru?4 ,x is impossible to f9d ! ?ree motives 9 fair] balance & h>mony ?an 9 our own ,reynolds4 ,he rejoices 9 %[+ y 8 skill2 & ^? ( y :o succe$ 9 le>n+ :at pa9t]'s "w really is1 w "o day rejoice also1 ev5 to laught]--t highe/ laught] :i* spr+s ( pure delight1 9 wat*+ ! =titude & ! fire ( a h& :i* /rikes =? its w ^u ! canvas z easily z ! w9d /rikes x on ! sea4 ,he rejoices 9 all ab/ract beauty & rhy?m & melody ( design2 he w nev] give y a col\r t is n lovely1 nor a %ade t is unnecess>y1 nor a l9e t is ungraceful4 ,b all 8 p[] & all 8 inv5tion are held by him subord9ate1--& ! m ob$i5tly because ( _! nobl5ess1--to 8 true lead+ purpose ( sett+ be=e y su* lik5ess ( ! liv+ pres5ce ( an ,engli% g5tleman or an ,engli% lady1 z %all be wor?y ( be+ look$ ^u = ev]4 #ajc4 ,b f>!r1 y rememb]1 ,i hope--= ,i said x 9 a way t ,i ?\ght w\ld %ock y a little1 t y might rememb] x--my /atem5t1 t art _h nev] done m ?an ?is1 nev] m ?an giv5 ! lik5ess ( a noble human be+4 ,n only s1 b x v seldom does s mu* z ?is2 & ! be/ pictures t exi/ ( ! great s*ools are all portraits1 or gr\ps ( portraits1 (t5 ( v simple & no wise noble p]sons4 ,y may h mu* m brilliant & impressive qualities 9 imag9ative pictures2 y may h figures scatt]$ l cl\ds1 or g>l&$ l fl[]s2 y may h light & %ade1 z ( a tempe/1 & col\r1 z ( ! ra9b[2 b all t is *ild's play to ! great m51 ?\gh x is a/oni%m5t to u4 ,_! real /r5g? is tri$ to ! utmo/1 & z f> z ,i "k1 x is nev] else:]e br\ght out s ?or\ghly1 z 9 pa9t+ "o man or woman1 & ! s\l t 0 9 !m2 nor t always ! highe/ s\l1 b (t5 only a ?w>t$ "o t 0 capable ( height2 or p]haps n ev5 t1 b faultful & poor1 yet se5 ?r\gh1 to ! poor be/ ( x1 by ! ma/]ful sight4 ,s t 9 ord] to put be=e y 9 y\r ,/&>d s]ies1 ! be/ art possible1 ,i am oblig$1 ev5 f ! v /ronge/ m51 to take portraits1 be=e ,i take ! idealism4 ,nay1 :atev] is be/ 9 ! great compositions !mselves has dep5d$ on portraiture2 & ! /udy necess>y to enable y to und]/& inv5tion w also conv9ce y t ! m9d ( man nev] inv5t$ a great] ?+ ?an ! =m ( man1 animat$ by fai?ful life4 ,e attempt to ref9e or exalt su* heal?y humanity has weak5$ or c>icatur$ x2 or else consi/s only 9 giv+ x1 to please our fancy1 ! w+s ( birds1 or ! eyes ( antelopes4 ,:atev] is truly great 9 ei!r ,greek or ,*ri/ian art1 is also re/rict$ly human2 & ev5 ! raptures ( ! r$eem$ s\ls :o ent]1 cele/em5te ball&o1 ! gate ( ,angelico's ,p>adise1 7 se5 fir/ 9 ! t]re/rial1 yet mo/ pure1 mir? ( ,flor5t9e maid5s4 #ajd4 ,i am aw>e t ?is _c b at pres5t appe> gravely que/ionable to ^? ( my audi5ce :o are /rictly cognisant ( ! phases ( ,greek art2 = !y "k t ! mom5t ( its decl9e is accurately m>k$1 by its turn+ f ab/ract =m to portraiture4 ,b ! reason ( ?is is simple4 ,! progressive c\rse ( ,greek art 0 9 subdu+ mon/r\s conceptions to natural ones2 x did ?is by g5]al laws2 x rea*$ absolute tru? ( g5]ic human =m1 & if ?is e?ical =ce _h rema9$1 w\ld h advanc$ into heal?y portraiture4 ,b at ! mom5t ( *ange ! national life end$ 9 ,greece2 & portraiture1 !re1 meant insult to h] religion1 & flatt]y to h] tyrants4 ,& h] skill p]i%$1 n because %e became true 9 sight1 b because %e became vile at he>t4 #aje4 ,& n[ let u ?9k ( our own "w1 & ask h[ t may become1 9 its own poor measure1 active 9 "s v]ity ( repres5tation4 ,we c]ta9ly _c beg9 by draw+ k+s or que5s2 b we mu/ try1 ev5 9 our e>lie/ "w1 if x is to prosp]1 to draw some?+ t w convey true k bo? to ourselves & o!rs4 ,& ,i ?9k y w f9d greate/ advantage 9 ! endeav\r to give m life & educational p[] to ! simpl] bran*es ( natural sci5ce3 = ! great sci5tific m5 are all s eag] 9 advance t !y h no "t to popul>ise _! discov]ies1 & if we c glean aft] !m a little1 & make pictures ( ! ?+s :i* sci5ce describes1 we %all f9d ! s]vice a wor?y "o4 ,n only s1 b we may ev5 be helpful to sci5ce h]self2 = %e has suff]$ by h] pr\d sev]ance f ! arts2 & hav+ made too little ef=t to realise h] discov]ies to vulg> eyes1 has h]self lo/ true measure ( :at 0 *iefly preci\s 9 !m4 #ajf4 ,take ,botany1 = in/ance4 ,our sci5tific botani/s are1 ,i ?9k1 *iefly at pres5t occupi$ 9 di/+ui%+ species1 :i* p]fect me?ods ( di/9ction w probably 9 ! future %[ to be indi/9ct2--9 inv5t+ descriptive names ( :i* a m advanc$ sci5ce & m fa/idi\s s*ol>%ip w %[ "s to be unnecess>y1 & o!rs inadmissible2--& 9 microscopic inve/igations ( /ructure1 :i* ?r\gh _m alt]nate l9ks ( triumphant discov]y t tissue is compos$ ( vessels1 & t vessels are compos$ ( tissue1 h n hi!rto completely expla9$ to u ei!r ! orig91 ! en]gy1 or ! c\rse ( ! sap2 & :i* h[ev] subtle or successful1 be> to ! real natural hi/ory ( plants only ! relation t anatomy & organic *emi/ry be> to ! hi/ory ( m54 ,9 ! meantime1 our arti/s are s g5]ally conv9c$ ( ! tru? ( ! ,d>w9ian !ory t !y d n always ?9k x necess>y to %[ any diff]5ce betwe5 ! foliage ( an elm & an oak2 & ! gift-books ( ,*ri/mas h e page surr\nd$ ) labori\sly engrav$ g>l&s ( rose1 %amrock1 ?i/le1 & =get-me-n1 )\t its be+ ?\ght prop] by ! draughtsman1 or desirable by ! public1 ev5 9 ! case ( ^? uncommon fl[]s1 to obs]ve ! real %ape ( ! petals ( any "o ( !m4 #ajg4 ,n[ :at we especially ne$ at pres5t = educational purposes is to "k1 n ! anatomy ( plants1 b _! biography--h[ & :]e !y live & die1 _! temp]s1 b5evol5ces1 malignities1 di/resses1 & virtues4 ,we want !m drawn f _! y\? to _! age1 f bud to fruit4 ,we ought to see ! v>i\s =ms ( _! dim9i%$ b h>dy gr[? 9 cold climates1 or poor soils2 & _! rank or wild luxuriance1 :5 full-f$1 & w>mly nurs$4 ,& all ?is we ought to h drawn s accurately1 t we might at once comp>e any giv5 "p ( a plant ) ! same "p ( any o!r1 drawn on ! l conditions4 ,n[1 is n ?is a "w :i* we may set ab\t "h 9 ,ox=d1 ) good hope & mu* pleasure8 ,i ?9k x is s important1 t ! fir/ ex]cise 9 draw+ ,i %all put be=e y w be an outl9e ( a laurel leaf4 ,y w f9d 9 ! op5+ s5t5ce ( ,lion>do's treatise1 our pres5t text-book1 t y mu/ n at fir/ draw f nature1 b f a good ma/]'s "w1 p] assuef>si a buone membra1 to accu/om y\rselves1 t is1 to entirely good repres5tative organic =ms4 ,s y\r fir/ ex]cise %all be ! top ( ! laurel sceptre ( ,apollo1 drawn by an ,italian engrav] ( ,lion>do's own "t2 !n we w draw a laurel leaf itself2 & little by little1 ,i ?9k we may bo? le>n ourselves1 & tea* to _m besides1 some:at m ?an we "k yet1 ( ! wild olives ( ,greece1 & ! wild roses ( ,engl&4 #ajh4 ,next1 9 ,geology1 :i* ,i w take leave to consid] z an entirely sep>ate sci5ce f ! zoology ( ! pa/1 :i* has lately usurp$ its "n & int]e/4 ,9 geology itself we f9d ! /r5g? ( _m able m5 occupi$ 9 debat+ que/ions ( :i* !re are yet no data ev5 = ! cle> /atem5t2 & 9 seiz+ advanc$ !oretical positions on ! m]e cont+5cy ( _! be+ aft]w>ds t5able2 :ile1 9 ! meantime1 no simple p]son1 tak+ a holiday 9 ,cumb]l&1 c get an intelligible section ( ,skiddaw1 or a cle> acc\nt ( ! orig9 ( ! ,skiddaw slates2 & :ile1 ?\gh half ! educat$ society ( ,london travel e summ] ov] ! great pla9 ( ,switz]l&1 none "k1 or c>e to "k1 :y t is a pla91 & ! ,alps to ! s\? ( x are ,alps2 & :e!r or n ! gravel ( ! "o has any?+ to d ) ! rocks ( ! o!r4 ,& ?\gh e palace 9 ,europe owes "p ( its decoration to v>iegat$ m>bles1 & ne>ly e woman 9 ,europe "p ( h] decoration to pieces ( jasp] or *alc$ony1 ,i d n ?9k any geologi/ c\ld at ?is mom5t ) au?ority tell u ei!r h[ a piece ( m>ble is /a9$1 or :at causes ! /reaks 9 a ,scot* pebble4 #aji4 ,n[1 z soon z y h obta9$ ! p[] ( draw+1 ,i d n say a m\nta91 b ev5 a /one1 accurately1 e "q ( ?is k9d w become to y at once attractive & def9ite2 y w f9d t 9 ! gra91 ! lu/re1 & ! cleavage-l9es ( ! smalle/ fragm5t ( rock1 !re are record$ =ces ( e ord] & magnitude1 f ^? :i* raise a cont95t by "o volcanic ef=t1 to ^? :i* at e in/ant are poli%+ ! app>5tly complete cry/al 9 its ne/1 & conduct+ ! app>5tly motionless metal 9 its ve92 & t only by ! art ( y\r own h&1 & fidelity ( sight :i* x develops1 y c obta9 true p]ception ( ^! inv9cible & inimitable arts ( ! e>? h]self2 :ile ! comp>atively slight ef=t necess>y to obta9 s mu* skill z may s]viceably draw m\nta9s 9 di/ant effect w be in/antly rew>d$ by :at is almo/ equival5t to a new s5se ( ! conditions ( _! /ructure4 #aaj4 ,&1 because x is well at once to "k "s direction 9 :i* our "w may be def9ite1 let me sugge/ to ^? ( y :o may int5d pass+ _! vacation 9 ,switz]l&1 & :o c>e ab\t m\nta9s1 t if !y w fir/ qualify !mselves to take angles ( position & elevation ) correctness1 & to draw outl9es ) approximate fidelity1 !re are a s]ies ( problems ( ! highe/ int]e/ to be work$ out on ! s\!rn edge ( ! ,swiss pla91 9 ! /udy ( ! relations ( its molasse b$s to ! rocks :i* are *>act]i/ically develop$ 9 ! *a9 ( ! ,/ockhorn1 ,beat5b]g1 ,pilate1 ,my!n above ,s*wytz1 & ,high ,s5tis ( ,app5zell1 ! pursuit ( :i* may lead !m into _m pleasant1 z well z cr$itably dang]\s1 walks1 & curi\s discov]ies2 & w be good = ! discipl9e ( _! f+]s 9 ! p5cill+ ( crag =m4 #aaa4 ,i wi% ,i c\ld ask y to draw1 in/ead ( ! ,alps1 ! cre/s ( ,p>nassus & ,olympus1 & ! rav9es ( ,delphi & ( ,tempe4 ,i h n lov$ ! arts ( ,greece z o!rs h2 yet ,i love !m1 & h]1 s mu*1 t x is to me simply a /&+ m>vel h[ s*ol>s c endure = all ^! c5turies1 dur+ :i* _! *ief education has be5 9 ! language & policy ( ,greece1 to h only ! names ( h] hills & riv]s ^u _! lips1 & nev] "o l9e ( conception ( !m 9 _! m9d's sight4 ,:i* ( u kn[s :at ! valley ( ,sp>ta is l1 or ! great m\nta9 vase ( ,arcadia8 :i* ( u1 except 9 m]e airy syllabl+ ( names1 kn[s aught ( s&y ,ladon's lili$ banks1 or old ,lycu1 or ,cyll5e ho>8 ,y _c travel 9 ,greece8--,i "k x2 nor 9 ,magna ,grcia4 ,b1 g5tlem5 ( ,engl&1 y _h bett] f9d out :y y _c1 & put an end to t horror ( ,european %ame1 be=e y hope to le>n ,greek art4 #aab4 ,i sc>cely "k :e!r to place among ! ?+s useful to art1 or to sci5ce1 ! sy/ematic record1 by draw+1 ( ph5om5a ( ! sky4 ,b ,i am q sure t y\r "w _c 9 any direction be m useful to y\rselves1 ?an 9 enabl+ y to p]ceive ! q unp>allel$ subtilties ( col\r & inorganic =m1 :i* occur on any ord9>ily f9e morn+ or ev5+ horizon2 & ,i w ev5 confess to y ano!r ( my p]haps too sangu9e expectations1 t 9 "s f> di/ant "t x may come to pass1 t "y ,engli%m5 & ,engli%wom5 may ?9k ! brea? ( ! morn+ sky pleasant] ?an t ( midnight1 & its light pretti] ?an t ( c&les4 #aac4 ,la/ly1 9 ,zoology4 ,:at ! ,greeks did = ! horse1 & :at1 z f> z reg>ds dome/ic & expressional "*1 ,l&se] has done = ! dog & ! de]1 rema9s to be done by art = ne>ly all o!r animals ( high organisation4 ,!re are few birds or bea/s t h n a range ( "* :i*1 if n equal to t ( ! horse or dog1 is yet z int]e/+ )9 n>r[] limits1 & (t5 9 grotesqu5ess1 int5sity1 or wild & timid pa?os1 m s+ul> & my/]i\s4 ,:atev] love ( hum\r y h1--:atev] sympa?y ) imp]fect1 b mo/ subtle1 feel+1--:atev] p]ception ( sublimity 9 conditions ( fatal p[]1 may "h f9d fulle/ occupation3 all ^! be+ jo9$1 9 ! /rong animal races1 to a v>iable & fanta/ic beauty f> beyond any?+ t m]ely =mative art has yet conceiv$4 ,i h plac$ 9 y\r ,educational s]ies a w+ by ,alb]t ,dr]1 :i* goes z f> z art yet has rea*$ 9 del9eation ( plumage2 :ile = ! simple action ( ! p9ion x is impossible to g beyond :at has be5 done already by ,titian & ,t9toret2 b y _c s mu* z once look at ! ruffl+s ( ! plumes ( a pelican plum+ itself aft] x has be5 9 ! wat]1 or c>efully draw ! cont\rs ( ! w+ ei!r ( a vulture or a common swift1 or pa9t ! rose & v]milion on t ( a flam+o1 )\t receiv+ almo/ a new conception ( ! mean+ ( =m & col\r 9 creation4 #aad4 ,la/ly4 ,y\r "w1 9 all directions ,i h hi!rto indicat$1 may be z delib]ate z y *oose2 !re is no imm$iate fe> ( ! ext9ction ( _m species ( fl[]s or animals2 & ! ,alps1 & valley ( ,sp>ta1 w wait y\r leisure1 ,i fe> too long4 ,b ! feudal & mona/ic build+s ( ,europe1 & /ill m ! /reets ( h] anci5t cities1 are vani%+ l dreams3 & x is difficult to imag9e ! m+l$ envy & contempt ) :i* future g5]ations w look back to u1 :o /ill possess$ su* ?+s1 yet made no ef=t to pres]ve1 & sc>cely any to del9eate !m3 = :5 us$ z mat]ial ( l&scape by ! mod]n arti/1 !y are ne>ly always sup]ficially or flatt]+ly repres5t$1 )\t zeal en\gh to p5etrate _! "*1 or pati5ce en\gh to r5d] x 9 mode/ h>mony4 ,z = places ( traditional int]e/1 ,i d n "k an entirely fai?ful draw+ ( any hi/orical site1 except "o or two /udies made by en?usia/ic "y pa9t]s 9 ,pale/9e & ,egypt3 = :i*1 ?anks to !m always3 b we want "w ne>] home4 #aae4 ,n[ x is q probable t "s ( y1 :o w n c>e to g ?r\gh ! lab\r necess>y to draw fl[]s or animals1 may yet h pleasure 9 atta9+ "s mod]ately accurate skill ( sket*+ ar*itecture1 & great] pleasure /ill 9 direct+ x usefully4 ,suppose1 = in/ance1 we 7 to take up ! hi/orical sc5]y 9 ,c>lyle's ,fr$]ick4 ,too ju/ly ! hi/orian accuses ! g5ius ( pa/ art1 9 t1 types ( too _m su* else:]e1 ! gall]ies ( ,b]l9--are made up1 l o!r gall]ies1 ( goat-foot$ ,pan1 ,europa's ,bull1 ,romulus's ,%e-,wolf1 & ! ,correggiosity ( ,correggio1 & conta91 = in/ance1 no portrait ( ,fri$ri* ! ,great1--no lik5ess at all1 or next to none at all1 ( ! noble s]ies ( ,human ,realities1 or any "p ( !m1 :o h sprung1 n f ! idle bra9s ( dream+ dilettanti1 b f ! head ( ,god ,almighty1 to make ?is poor au!ntic e>? a little memorable = u1 & to d a little "w t may be et]nal !re4 ,s ,c>lyle tells u--too truly6 ,we _c n[ draw ,fri$ri* = him1 b we c draw "s ( ! old ca/les & cities t 7 ! cradles ( ,g]man life--,hoh5zoll]n1 ,hapsburg1 ,m>burg1 & su* o!rs2--we may keep "s au!ntic lik5ess ( ^! = ! future4 ,suppose we 7 to take up t fir/ volume ( ,fri$ri*1 & put outl9es to x3 %all we beg9 by look+ = ,h5ry ! ,f[l]'s tomb--,c>lyle himself asks if he has any--at ,qu$l9burgh1 & s d[nw>ds1 rescu+ :at we c8 ,t w\ld c]ta9ly be mak+ our "w ( "s true use4 #aaf4 ,b ,i h told y en\gh1 x seems to me1 at lea/ to-day1 ( ?is function ( art 9 record+ fact2 let me n[ f9ally1 & ) all di/9ctness possible to me1 /ate to y its ma9 bus9ess ( all2--its s]vice 9 ! actual uses ( daily life4 ,y are surpris$1 p]haps1 to he> me call ?is its ma9 bus9ess4 ,t is inde$ s1 h[ev]4 ,! giv+ brightness to picture is mu*1 b ! giv+ brightness to life m4 ,& rememb]1 7 x z patt]ns only1 y _c1 )\t ! realities1 h ! pictures4 ,y _c h a l&scape by ,turn]1 )\t a c\ntry = him to pa9t2 y _c h a portrait by ,titian1 )\t a man to be portray$4 ,i ne$ n prove t to y1 ,i suppose1 9 ^! %ort t]ms2 b 9 ! outcome ,i c get no s\l to believe t ! beg9n+ ( art is 9 gett+ our c\ntry clean1 & our p beautiful4 ,i h be5 t5 ye>s try+ to get ?is v pla9 c]ta9ty--,i d n say believ$--b ev5 ?\ght (1 z any?+ b a mon/r\s proposition4 ,to get y\r c\ntry clean1 & y\r p lovely2--,i assure y t is a necess>y "w ( art to beg9 )6 ,!re has inde$ be5 art 9 c\ntries :]e p liv$ 9 dirt to s]ve ,god1 b nev] 9 c\ntries :]e !y liv$ 9 dirt to s]ve ! devil4 ,!re has inde$ be5 art :]e ! p 7 n all lovely--:]e ev5 _! lips 7 ?ick--& _! sk9s black1 because ! sun _h look$ ^u !m2 b nev] 9 a c\ntry :]e ! p 7 pale ) mis]able toil & deadly %ade1 & :]e ! lips ( y\?1 in/ead ( be+ full ) blood1 7 p9*$ by fam9e1 or w>p$ ) poison4 ,& n[1 !re=e1 note ?is well1 ! gi/ ( all ^! long prefatory talks4 ,i said t ! two great moral in/9cts 7 ^? ( ,ord] & ,k9dness4 ,n[1 all ! arts are f\nd$ on agriculture by ! h&1 & on ! graces1 & k9dness ( fe$+1 & dress+1 & lodg+ y\r p4 ,greek art beg9s 9 ! g>d5s ( ,alc9\s--p]fect ord]1 leeks 9 b$s1 & f\nta9s 9 pipes4 ,& ,*ri/ian art1 z x arose out ( *ivalry1 0 only possible s f> z *ivalry compell$ bo? k+s & knights to c>e = ! "r p]sonal tra9+ ( _! p2 x p]i%$ utt]ly :5 ^? k+s & knights became dmoboroi1 dev\r]s ( ! p4 ,& x w become possible aga9 only1 :51 lit]ally1 ! sword is beat5 into ! pl\gh%>e1 :5 y\r ,/4 ,george ( ,engl& %all ju/ify 8 "n1 & ,*ri/ian art %all be kn[n z its ,ma/] 01 9 break+ ( bread4 #aag4 ,n[ look at ! work+ out ( ?is broad pr9ciple 9 m9or detail2 obs]ve h[1 f highe/ to l[e/1 heal? ( art has fir/ dep5d$ on ref]5ce to indu/rial use4 ,!re is fir/ ! ne$ ( cup & platt]1 especially ( cup2 = y c put y\r meat on ! ,h>pies'1#aj or on any o!r1 tables2 b y mu/ h y\r cup to dr9k f4 ,& to hold x conv5i5tly1 y mu/ put a h&le to x2 & to fill x :5 x is empty y mu/ h a l>ge pit*] ( "s sort2 & to c>ry ! pit*] y may mo/ advisably h two h&les4 ,modify ! =ms ( ^! ne$ful possessions accord+ to ! v>i\s requirem5ts ( dr9k+ l>gely & dr9k+ delicately2 ( p\r+ easily out1 or ( keep+ = ye>s ! p]fume 92 ( /or+ 9 cell>s1 or be>+ f f\nta9s2 ( sacrificial libation1 ( ,pana!naic treasure ( oil1 & sepul*ral treasure ( a%es1--& y h a resultant s]ies ( beautiful =m & decoration1 f ! rude amphora ( r$ e>? up to ,cell9i's vases ( gems & cry/al1 9 :i* s]ies1 b especially 9 ! m simple conditions ( x1 are develop$ ! mo/ beautiful l9es & mo/ p]fect types ( sev]e composition :i* h yet be5 atta9$ by art4 ,footnote #aj3 ,virg41 n41 iii4 #bji seqq4 #aah4 ,b aga91 t y may fill y\r cup ) pure wat]1 y mu/ g to ! well or spr+2 y ne$ a f5ce r\nd ! well2 y ne$ "s tube or tr\gh1 or o!r means ( conf9+ ! /ream at ! spr+4 ,= ! conveyance ( ! curr5t to any di/ance y mu/ build ei!r enclos$ or op5 aqu$uct2 & 9 ! hot squ>e ( ! city :]e y set x free1 y f9d x good = heal? & pleasantness to let x leap into a f\nta94 ,on ^! sev]al ne$s y h a s*ool ( sculpture f\nd$2 9 ! decoration ( ! walls ( wells 9 level c\ntries1 & ( ! s\rces ( spr+s 9 m\nta9\s ones1 & *iefly ( all1 :]e ! wom5 ( h\sehold or m>ket meet at ! city f\nta94 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 a f>!r reason = ! use ( art "h ?an 9 any o!r mat]ial s]vice1 s f> z we may1 by art1 express our rev]5ce or ?ankfulness4 ,:5ev] a nation is 9 its "r m9d1 x always has a deep s5se ( div9ity 9 ! gift ( ra9 f heav51 fill+ its he>t ) food & gladness2 & all ! m :5 t gift becomes g5tle & p]5nial 9 ! fl[+ ( spr+s4 ,x lit]ally is n possible t any fruitful p[] ( ! ,muses %\ld be put =? ^u a p :i* disda9s _! ,helicon2 /ill less is x possible t any ,*ri/ian nation %\ld gr[ up tanquam lignum quod plantatum e/ secus decursus aqu>um1 :i* _c recognise ! lesson meant 9 _! be+ told ( ! places :]e ,rebekah 0 met2--:]e ,ra*el1--:]e ,zipporah1--& %e :o 0 ask$ = wat] "u ,m\nt ,gr]izim by a ,/rang]1 we>y1 :o _h no?+ to draw )4 #aai4 ,& truly1 :5 our m\nta9 spr+s are set ap>t 9 vale or craggy gl51 or glade ( wood gre5 ?r\gh ! dr\ght ( summ]1 f> f cities1 !n x is be/ to let !m /ay 9 _! own happy peace2 b if ne> t[ns1 & liable !re=e to be defil$ by common usage1 we c\ld n use ! lovelie/ art m wor?ily ?an by %elt]+ ! spr+ & its fir/ pools ) preci\s m>bles3 nor ought any?+ to be e/eem$ m important1 z a means ( heal?y education1 ?an ! c>e to keep ! /reams ( x aft]w>ds1 to z great a di/ance z possible1 pure1 full ( fi%1 & easily accessible to *ildr54 ,!re us$ to be1 ?irty ye>s ago1 a little rivulet ( ! ,w&el1 ab\t an in* deep1 :i* ran ov] ! c>riage-road & "u a foot-bridge j "u ! la/ *alk hill ne> ,croydon4 ,alas6 m5 came & w5t2 & x did n g on = ev]4 ,x has long s9ce be5 brick$ ov] by ! p>i% au?orities2 b !re 0 m education 9 t /ream ) its m9n[s ?an y c\ld get out ( a ?\s& p\nds sp5t ye>ly 9 ! p>i% s*ools1 ev5 ?\gh y 7 to sp5d e f>?+ ( x 9 tea*+ ! nature ( oxyg5 & hydrog51 & ! names1 & rate p] m9ute1 ( all ! riv]s 9 ,asia & ,am]ica4 #abj4 ,well1 ! gi/ ( ?is matt] lies "h !n4 ,suppose we want a s*ool ( pott]y aga9 9 ,engl&1 all we poor arti/s are ready to d ! be/ we c1 to %[ y h[ pretty a l9e may be t is twi/$ fir/ to "o side1 & !n to ! o!r2 & h[ a pla9 h\sehold-blue w make a patt]n on :ite2 & h[ ideal art may be got out ( ! spaniel's col\rs ( black & tan4 ,b ,i tell y be=eh&1 all t we c d w be utt]ly useless1 unless y tea* y\r peasant to say grace1 n only be=e meat1 b be=e dr9k2 & hav+ provid$ him ) ,greek cups & platt]s1 provide him also ) some?+ t is n poison$ to put into !m4 #aba4 ,!re _c be any ne$ t ,i %\ld trace = y ! conditions ( art t are directly f\nd$ on s]viceabl5ess ( dress1 & ( arm\r2 b x is my duty to affirm to y1 9 ! mo/ positive mann]1 t aft] recov]+1 = ! poor1 :olesom5ess ( food1 y\r next /ep t[>ds f\nd+ s*ools ( art 9 ,engl& mu/ be 9 recov]+1 = ! poor1 dec5cy & :olesom5ess ( dress2 ?or\ghly good 9 sub/ance1 fitt$ = _! daily "w1 becom+ to _! rank 9 life1 & worn ) ord] & dignity4 ,& ?is ord] & dignity mu/ be taught !m by ! wom5 ( ! upp] & middle classes1 ^: m9ds c be 9 no?+ "r1 z long z !y are s wrong 9 ?is matt] z to endure ! squalor ( ! poor1 :ile !y !mselves dress gaily4 ,& on ! prop] pride & com=t ( bo? poor & ri* 9 dress1 mu/ be f\nd$ ! true arts ( dress2 c>ri$ on by ma/]s ( manufacture no less c>eful ( ! p]fectness & beauty ( _! tissues1 & ( all t 9 sub/ance & design c be be/[$ ^u !m1 ?an ev] ! arm\r]s ( ,milan & ,damascus 7 c>eful ( _! /eel4 #abb4 ,!n1 9 ! ?ird place1 hav+ recov]$ "s :olesome habits ( life z to food & dress1 we mu/ recov] !m z to lodg+4 ,i said j n[ t ! be/ ar*itecture 0 b a glorifi$ ro(4 ,?9k ( x4 ,! dome ( ! ,vatican1 ! por*es ( ,rheims or ,*>tres1 ! vaults & ar*es ( _! aisles1 ! canopy ( ! tomb1 & ! spire ( ! belfry1 are all =ms result+ f ! m]e requirem5t t a c]ta9 space %all be /rongly cov]$ f heat & ra94 ,m ?an t--z ,i h tri$ all ?r\gh ,! ,/ories ( ,v5ice to %[1--! lovely =ms ( ^! 7 e "o ( !m develop$ 9 civil & dome/ic build+1 & only aft] _! inv5tion1 employ$ ecclesia/ically on ! gr&e/ scale4 ,i ?9k y _c b h notic$ "h 9 ,ox=d1 z else:]e1 t our mod]n ar*itects nev] seem to "k :at to d ) _! ro(s4 ,be assur$1 until ! ro(s are "r1 no?+ else w be2 & !re are j two ways ( keep+ !m "r4 ,nev] build !m ( iron1 b only ( wood or /one2 & secondly1 take c>e t 9 e t[n ! little ro(s are built be=e ! l>ge ones1 & t ev]ybody :o wants "o has got "o4 ,& we mu/ try also to make ev]ybody want "o4 ,t is to say1 at "s n v advanc$ p]iod ( life1 m5 %\ld desire to h a home1 :i* !y d n wi% to quit any m1 suit$ to _! habits ( life1 & likely to be m & m suitable to !m until _! dea?4 ,& m5 mu/ desire to h ^! _! dwell+-places built z /rongly z possible1 & furni%$ & decorat$ da9tily1 & set 9 pleasant places1 9 bright light1 & good air1 be+ able to *oose = !mselves t at lea/ z well z swall[s4 ,& :5 ! h\ses are gr\p$ toge!r 9 cities1 m5 mu/ h s mu* civic fell[%ip z to subject _! ar*itecture to a common law1 & s mu* civic pride z to desire t ! :ole ga!r$ gr\p ( human dwell+s %\ld be a lovely ?+1 n a frightful "o1 on ! face ( ! e>?4 ,n _m weeks ago an ,engli% cl]gyman1#aa a ma/] ( ?is ,univ]sity1 a man n giv5 to s5tim5t1 b ( middle age1 & great practical s5se1 told me1 by accid5t1 & :olly )\t ref]5ce to ! subject n[ be=e u1 t he nev] c\ld ent] ,london f 8 c\ntry p>sonage b ) clos$ eyes1 le/ ! sight ( ! blocks ( h\ses :i* ! railroad int]sect$ 9 ! suburbs %\ld unfit him1 by ! horror ( x1 = 8 day's "w4 ,footnote #aa3 ,osborne ,gordon4 #abc4 ,n[1 x is n possible--& ,i repeat to y1 only 9 m delib]ate ass]tion1 :at ,i wrote j tw5ty-two ye>s ago 9 ! la/ *apt] ( ! ,sev5 ,lamps ( ,ar*itecture--x is n possible to h any "r morality1 happ9ess1 or art1 9 any c\ntry :]e ! cities are ?us built1 or ?us1 let me r say1 clott$ & coagulat$2 spots ( a dreadful mildew1 spread+ by pat*es & blot*es ov] ! c\ntry !y consume4 ,y mu/ h lovely cities1 cry/allis$1 n coagulat$1 into =m2 limit$ 9 size1 & n ca/+ out ! scum & scurf ( !m into an encircl+ eruption ( %ame1 b gird$ ea* ) its sacr$ pomo]ium1 & ) g>l&s ( g>d5s full ( blossom+ trees & s(tly guid$ /reams4 ,t is impossible1 y say6 x may be s4 ,i h no?+ to d ) its possibility1 b only ) its indisp5sability4 ,m ?an t mu/ be possible1 h[ev]1 be=e y c h a s*ool ( art2 namely1 t y f9d places else:]e ?an 9 ,engl&1 or at lea/ 9 o!rwise uns]viceable p>ts ( ,engl&1 = ! e/abli%m5t ( manufactories ne$+ ! help ( fire1 t is to say1 ( all ! te*nai banausikai & epirrtoi1 ( :i* x 0 long ago kn[n to be ! con/ant nature t as*olias mali/a e*\si kai philn kai poles sunepimelei/hai1 & to r$uce su* manufactures to _! l[e/ limit1 s t no?+ may ev] be made ( iron t c z effectually be made ( wood or /one2 & no?+ mov$ by /eam t c be z effectually mov$ by natural =ces4 ,& obs]ve1 t = all me*anical ef=t requir$ 9 social life & 9 cities1 wat] p[] is inf9itely m ?an en\gh2 = an*or$ mills on ! l>ge riv]s1 & mills mov$ by sluices f res]voirs fill$ by ! tide1 w give y comm& ( any quantity ( con/ant motive p[] y ne$4 ,agriculture by ! h&1 !n1 & absolute refusal or bani%m5t ( unnecess>y igne\s =ce1 are ! fir/ conditions ( a s*ool ( art 9 any c\ntry4 ,& until y d ?is1 be x soon or late1 ?+s w cont9ue 9 t triumphant /ate to :i*1 = want ( f9] art1 y\r me*anism has br\ght !m2--t1 ?\gh ,engl& is deaf5$ ) sp9n+ :eels1 h] p h n clo!s--?\gh %e is black ) digg+ ( fuel1 !y die ( cold--& ?\gh %e has sold h] s\l = ga91 !y die ( hung]4 ,/ay 9 t triumph1 if y *oose2 b be assur$ ( ?is1 x is n "o :i* ! f9e arts w ev] %>e ) y4 #abd4 ,n[1 ,i h giv5 y my message1 conta9+1 z ,i "k1 (f5ce en\gh1 & itself1 x may seem to _m1 unnecess>y en\gh4 ,b j 9 proportion to its app>5t non-necessity1 & to its c]ta9 (f5ce1 0 its real ne$1 & my real duty to speak x4 ,! /udy ( ! f9e arts c\ld n be rightly associat$ ) ! grave "w ( ,engli% ,univ]sities1 )\t due & cle> prote/ aga9/ ! misdirection ( national en]gy1 :i* = ! pres5t r5d]s all good results ( su* /udy on a great scale1 impossible4 ,i c easily tea* y1 z any o!r mod]ately good draughtsman c\ld1 h[ to hold y\r p5cils1 & h[ to lay y\r col\rs2 b x is little use my do+ t1 :ile ! nation is sp5d+ millions ( money 9 ! de/ruction ( all t p5cil or col\r has to repres5t1 & 9 ! promotion ( false =ms ( art1 :i* are only ! co/lie/ & ! lea/ enjoyable ( follies4 ,& !re=e ^! are ! ?+s t ,i h fir/ & la/ to tell y 9 ?is place2--t ! f9e arts are n to be le>n$ by ,locomotion1 b by mak+ ! homes we live 9 lovely1 & by /ay+ 9 !m2--t ! f9e arts are n to be le>n$ by ,competition1 b by do+ our quiet be/ 9 our own way2--t ! f9e arts are n to be le>n$ by ,exhibition1 b by do+ :at is "r1 & mak+ :at is hone/1 :e!r x be exhibit$ or n2--&1 = ! sum ( all1 t m5 mu/ pa9t & build nei!r = pride nor = money1 b = love2 = love ( _! art1 = love ( _! neighb\r1 & :atev] bett] love may be ?an ^!1 f\nd$ on ^!4 ,i "k t ,i gave "s pa91 :i* ,i 0 mo/ unwill+ to give1 9 speak+ ( ! possible abuses ( religi\s art2 b !re c be no dang] ( any1 s long z we rememb] t ,god inhabits cottages z well z *ur*es1 & ought to be well lodg$ !re also4 ,beg9 ) wood5 floors2 ! tessellat$ ones w take c>e ( !mselves2 beg9 ) ?at*+ ro(s1 & y %all end by spl5didly vault+ !m2 beg9 by tak+ c>e t no old eyes fail ov] _! ,bibles1 nor "y ones ov] _! ne$les1 = want ( ru%light1 & !n y may h :atev] true good is to be got out ( col\r$ glass or wax c&les4 ,& 9 ?us putt+ ! arts to univ]sal use1 y w f9d also _! univ]sal inspiration1 _! univ]sal b5$iction4 ,i told y !re 0 no evid5ce ( a special ,div95ess 9 any application ( !m2 t !y 7 always equally human & equally ,div9e2 & 9 clos+ ?is inaugural s]ies ( lectures1 into :i* ,i h endeav\r$ to compress ! pr9ciples t are to be ! f\ndations ( y\r future "w1 x is my la/ duty to say "s positive words z to ! ,div9ity ( all art1 :5 x is truly fair1 or truly s]viceable4 #abe4 ,e sev5? day1 if n (t5]1 ! great] numb] ( well-mean+ p]sons 9 ,engl& ?ankfully receive f _! tea*]s a b5$iction1 c\*$ 9 ^? t]ms3--,! grace ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/1 & ! ,love ( ,god1 & ! ,fell[%ip ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 be ) y4 ,n[ ,i d n "k precisely :at s5se is atta*$ 9 ! ,engli% public m9d to ^? expressions4 ,b :at ,i h to tell y positively is t ! ?ree ?+s d actually exi/1 & c be kn[n if y c>e to "k !m1 & possess$ if y c>e to possess !m2 & t ano!r ?+ exi/s1 besides ^!1 ( :i* we already "k too mu*4 ,fir/1 by simply obey+ ! ord]s ( ! ,f\nd] ( y\r religion1 all grace1 graci\sness1 or beauty & fav\r ( g5tle life1 w be giv5 to y 9 m9d & body1 9 "w & 9 re/4 ,! ,grace ( ,*ri/ exi/s1 & c be _h if y w4 ,secondly1 z y "k m & m ( ! creat$ _w1 y w f9d t ! true w ( its ,mak] is t its creatures %\ld be happy2--t ,he has made ev]y?+ beautiful 9 its "t & its place1 & t x is *iefly by ! fault ( m51 :5 !y are all[$ ! lib]ty ( ?w>t+ ,8 laws1 t ,creation groans or travails 9 pa94 ,! ,love ( ,god exi/s1 & y may see x1 & live 9 x if y w4 ,la/ly1 a ,_s does actually exi/ :i* tea*es ! ant h] pa?1 ! bird h] build+1 & m51 9 an in/9ctive & m>vell\s way1 :atev] lovely arts & noble de$s are possible to !m4 ,)\t x y c d no good ?+4 ,to ! grief ( x y c d _m bad ones4 ,9 ! possession ( x is y\r peace & y\r p[]4 ,& !re is a f\r? ?+1 ( :i* we already "k too mu*4 ,!re is an evil _s ^: dom9ion is 9 bl9dness & 9 c[>dice1 z ! dom9ion ( ! ,_s ( wisdom is 9 cle> sight & 9 c\rage4 ,& ?is bl9d & c[>dly _s is = ev] tell+ y t evil ?+s are p>donable1 & y %all n die = !m1 & t good ?+s are impossible1 & y ne$ n live = !m2 & t gospel ( 8 is n[ ! l\de/ t is prea*$ 9 y\r ,saxon tongue4 ,y w f9d "s day1 to y\r co/1 if y believe ! fir/ "p ( x1 t x is n true2 b y may nev]1 if y believe ! second "p ( x1 f9d1 to y\r ga91 t also1 untrue2 & !re=e ,i pray y ) all e>ne/ness to prove1 & "k )9 y\r he>ts1 t all ?+s lovely & righte\s are possible = ^? :o believe 9 _! possibility1 & :o det]m9e t1 = _! "p1 !y w make e day's "w contribute to !m4 ,let e dawn ( morn+ be to y z ! beg9n+ ( life1 & e sett+ sun be to y z its close3--!n let e "o ( ^! %ort lives leave its sure record ( "s k9dly ?+ done = o!rs--"s goodly /r5g? or k ga9$ = y\rselves2 s1 f day to day1 & /r5g? to /r5g?1 y %all build up inde$1 by ,art1 by ,?\ght1 & by ,j ,w1 an ,ecclesia ( ,engl&1 ( :i* x %all n be said1 ,see :at mann] ( /ones are "h1 b1 ,see :at mann] ( m54 ,,lecture ,v ,,l9e #abf4 ,y w1 ,i d\bt n1 will+ly p]mit me to beg9 y\r lessons 9 real practice ( art 9 ! words ( ! greate/ ( ,engli% pa9t]s3 "o also1 ?an :om !re is inde$ no great]1 among ^? ( any nation1 or any "t1--our own g5tle ,reynolds4 ,he says 9 8 fir/ disc\rse3--,! ,directors 7( ! ,academy7 ought m p>ticul>ly to wat* ov] ! g5ius ( ^? /ud5ts1 :o be+ m advanc$1 are arriv$ at t critical p]iod ( /udy1 on ! nice managem5t ( :i* _! future turn ( ta/e dep5ds4 ,at t age x is natural = !m to be m captivat$ ) :at is brilliant1 ?an ) :at is solid1 & to pref] spl5did neglig5ce to pa9ful & humiliat+ exactness4 ,a facility 9 compos+1 a lively &1 :at is call$1 a 'ma/]ly' h&l+ ( ! *alk or p5cil1 are1 x mu/ be confess$1 captivat+ qualities to "y m9ds1 & become ( c\rse ! objects ( _! ambition4 ,!y endeav\r to imitate ^! dazzl+ excell5ces1 :i* !y w f9d no great lab\r 9 atta9+4 ,aft] mu* "t sp5t 9 ^! frivol\s pursuits1 ! difficulty w be to retreat2 b x w !n be too late2 & !re is sc>ce an in/ance ( return to scrupul\s lab\r1 aft] ! m9d has be5 debau*$ & deceiv$ by ?is fallaci\s ma/]y4 #abg4 ,i read y ^! words1 *iefly t ,sir ,jo%ua1 :o f\nd$1 z fir/ ,presid5t1 ! ,academical s*ools ( ,engli% pa9t+1 9 ^! well-kn[n disc\rses1 may also beg91 z he has true/ "r to d1 our sy/em ( in/ruction 9 ?is ,univ]sity4 ,b secondly1 ,i read !m t ,i may press on y\r att5tion ^! s+ul> words1 pa9ful & humiliat+ exactness4 ,s+ul>1 z express+ ! fir/ conditions ( ! /udy requir$ f 8 pupils by ! ma/]1 :o1 ( all m5 except ,velasquez1 seems to h pa9t$ ) ! greate/ ease4 ,x is true t he asks ?is pa91 ?is humiliation1 only f y\?s :o int5d to foll[ ! pr(ession ( arti/s4 ,b if y wi% y\rselves to "k any?+ ( ! practice ( art1 y mu/ n suppose t because y\r /udy w be m desultory ?an t ( ,academy /ud5ts1 x may !re=e be less accurate4 ,! %ort] ! "t y h to give1 ! m c>eful y %\ld be to sp5d x pr(itably2 & ,i w\ld n wi% y to devote "o h\r to ! practice ( draw+1 unless y are resolv$ to be in=m$ 9 x ( all t 9 an h\r c be taught4 #abh4 ,i speak ( ! practice ( draw+ only2 ?\gh elem5t>y /udy ( modell+ may p]haps "s day be advisably connect$ ) x2 b ,i d n wi% to di/urb1 or amuse1 y ) a =mal /atem5t ( ! manifold expectations ,i h =m$ respect+ y\r future "w4 ,y w n1 ,i am sure1 imag9e t ,i h begun )\t a plan1 nor blame my retic5ce z to ! p>ts ( x :i* _c yet be put into execution1 & :i* !re may occur reason aft]w>ds to modify4 ,my fir/ task mu/ unque/ionably be to lay be=e y "r & simple me?ods ( draw+ & col\r+4 ,i use ! ^w col\r+ )\t ref]5ce to any p>ticul> vehicle ( col\r1 = ! laws ( good pa9t+ are ! same1 :atev] liquid is employ$ to dissolve ! pigm5ts4 ,b ! te*nical managem5t ( oil is m difficult ?an t ( wat]-col\r1 & ! impossibility ( us+ x ) safety among books or pr9ts1 & its unavailabl5ess = note-book sket*es & memor&a1 are suffici5t reasons = n introduc+ x 9 a c\rse ( practice int5d$ *iefly = /ud5ts ( lit]ature4 ,on ! contr>y1 9 ! ex]cises ( arti/s1 oil %\ld be ! vehicle ( col\r employ$ f ! fir/4 ,! ext5d$ practice ( wat]-col\r pa9t+1 z a sep>ate skill1 is 9 e way h>mful to ! arts3 its pleasant slightness & plausible dext]ity div]t ! g5ius ( ! pa9t] f its prop] aims1 & )draw ! att5tion ( ! public f excell5ce ( high] claim2 nor ought any man1 :o has ! consci\sness ( ability = good "w1 to be ignorant (1 or indol5t 9 employ+1 ! me?ods ( mak+ its results p]man5t z long z ! laws ( ,nature all[4 ,x is surely a sev]e lesson to u 9 ?is matt]1 t ! be/ works ( ,turn] c\ld n be %[n to ! public = six mon?s )\t be+ de/roy$1--& t 8 mo/ ambiti\s ones = ! mo/ "p p]i%$1 ev5 be=e !y c\ld be %[n4 ,i w break ?r\gh my law ( retic5ce1 h[ev]1 s f> z to tell y t ,i h hope ( "o day int]e/+ y greatly 7) ! help ( ! ,flor5t9e ma/]s71 9 ! /udy ( ! arts ( m\ld+ & pa9t+ porcela92 & to induce "s ( y to use y\r future p[] ( patronage 9 enc\rag+ ! v>i\s bran*es ( ?is art1 & turn+ ! att5tion ( ! workm5 ( ,italy f ! vulg> tricks ( m9ute & p]i%able mosaic to ! exquisite subtilties ( =m & col\r possible 9 ! p]fectly ductile1 aft]w>ds unalt]able clay4 ,& "o ( ! ultimate results ( su* craftsman%ip might be ! production ( pictures z brilliant z pa9t$ glass1--z delicate z ! mo/ subtle wat]-col\rs1 & m p]man5t ?an ! ,pyramids4 #abi4 ,& n[ to beg9 our own "w4 ,9 ord] t we may "k h[ rightly to le>n to draw & to pa9t1 x w be necess>y1 w x n1 t we "k fir/ :at we are to aim at do+2--:at k9d ( repres5tation ( nature is be/8 ,i w tell y 9 ! words ( ,lion>do4 ,t is ! mo/ praisewor?y pa9t+ :i* has mo/ con=mity ) ! ?+ repres5t$1 quella pittura e piu laudabile1 la quale ha piu con=mita con la cosa mitata1 7*4 #bgf74 ,9 pla9 t]ms1 ! pa9t+ :i* is like/ nature is ! be/4 ,& y w f9d by ref]r+ to ! prec$+ *apt]1 come lo spec*io e mae/ro de' pittori1 h[ absolutely ,lion>do means :at he says4 ,let ! liv+ ?+1 7he tells u17 be reflect$ 9 a mirror1 !n put y\r picture beside ! reflection1 & mat* ! "o ) ! o!r4 ,& inde$1 ! v be/ pa9t+ is unque/ionably s l ! mirror$ tru?1 t all ! _w admits its excell5ce4 ,entirely fir/-rate "w is s quiet & natural t !re c be no dispute ov] x2 y may n p>ticul>ly admire x1 b y w f9d no fault ) x4 ,second-rate pa9t+ pleases "o p]son mu*1 & displeases ano!r2 b fir/-rate pa9t+ pleases all a little1 & int5sely pleases ^? :o c recognise its uno/5tati\s skill4 #acj4 ,?is1 !n1 is :at we h fir/ got to d--to make our draw+ look z l ! ?+ we h to draw z we c4 ,n[1 all objects are se5 by ! eye z pat*es ( col\r ( a c]ta9 %ape1 ) gradations ( col\r )9 !m4 ,&1 unless _! col\rs be actually lum9\s1 z ^? ( ! sun1 or ( fire1 ^! pat*es ( diff]5t hues are suffici5tly imitable1 except s f> z !y are se5 /]eoscopically4 ,y w f9d ,lion>do aga9 & aga9 insi/+ on ! /]eoscopic p[] ( ! d\ble sight3 b d n let t tr\ble y2 y c only pa9t :at y c see f "o po9t ( sight1 b t is q en\gh4 ,s se51 !n1 all objects appe> to ! human eye simply z masses ( col\r ( v>iable dep?1 texture1 & outl9e4 ,! outl9e ( any object is ! limit ( its mass1 z reliev$ aga9/ ano!r mass4 ,take a crocus1 & lay x on a gre5 clo?4 ,y w see x deta* itself z a m]e space ( yell[ f ! gre5 beh9d x1 z x does f ! grass4 ,hold x up aga9/ ! w9d[--y w see x deta* itself z a d>k space aga9/ ! :ite or blue beh9d x4 ,9 ei!r case its outl9e is ! limit ( ! space ( light or d>k col\r by :i* x expresses itself to y\r sight4 ,t outl9e is !re=e inf9itely subtle--n ev5 a l9e1 b ! place ( a l9e1 & t1 also1 made s(t by texture4 ,9 ! f9e/ pa9t+ x is !re=e slightly s(t5$2 b x is necess>y to be able to draw x ) absolute %>pness & precision4 ,! art ( do+ ?is is to be obta9$ by draw+ x z an actual l9e1 :i* art is to be ! subject ( our imm$iate enquiry2 b ,i mu/ fir/ lay ! divisions ( ! entire subject completely be=e y4 #aca4 ,i h said t all objects deta* !mselves z masses ( col\r4 ,usually1 light & %ade are ?\ght ( z sep>ate f col\r2 b ! fact is t all nature is se5 z a mosaic compos$ ( gradat$ portions ( diff]5t col\rs1 d>k or light4 ,!re is no diff]5ce 9 ! quality ( ^! col\rs1 except z affect$ by texture4 ,y w con/antly he> lights & %ades spok5 ( z if ^! 7 diff]5t 9 _! nature1 & to be pa9t$ 9 diff]5t ways4 ,b e light is a %ad[ comp>$ to high] lights1 till we rea* ! brightness ( ! sun2 & e %ad[ is a light comp>$ to l[] %ad[s1 till we rea* ! d>kness ( night4 ,e col\r us$ 9 pa9t+1 except pure :ite & black1 is !re=e a light & %ade at ! same "t4 ,x is a light ) ref]5ce to all bel[ x1 & a %ade ) ref]5ce to all above x4 #acb4 ,! solid =ms ( an object1 t is to say1 ! projections or recessions ( its surface )9 ! outl9e1 are1 = ! mo/ "p1 r5d]$ visible by v>iations 9 ! int5sity or quantity ( light fall+ on !m4 ,! /udy ( ! relations betwe5 ! quantities ( ?is light1 irrespectively ( its col\r1 is ! second division ( ! regulat$ sci5ce ( pa9t+4 #acc4 ,f9ally1 ! qualities & relations ( natural col\rs1 ! means ( imitat+ !m1 & ! laws by :i* !y become sep>ately beautiful1 & 9 association h>moni\s1 are ! subjects ( ! ?ird & f9al division ( ! pa9t]'s /udy4 ,i %all endeav\r at once to /ate to y :at is mo/ imm$iately desirable = y to "k on ea* ( ^! topics1 9 ?is & ! two foll[+ lectures4 #acd4 ,:at we h to d1 !n1 f beg9n+ to end1 is1 ,i repeat once m1 simply to draw spaces ( _! true %ape1 & to fill !m ) col\rs :i* %all mat* _! col\rs2 q a simple ?+ 9 ! def9ition ( x1 n q s easy 9 ! do+ ( x4 ,b x is some?+ to get ?is simple def9ition2 & ,i wi% y to notice t ! t]ms ( x are complete1 ?\gh ,i d n introduce ! t]m light1 or %ad[4 ,pa9t]s :o h no eye = col\r h greatly confus$ & falsifi$ ! practice ( art by ! !ory t %ad[ is an abs5ce ( col\r4 ,%ad[ is1 on ! contr>y1 necess>y to ! full pres5ce ( col\r2 = e col\r is a dim9i%$ quantity or en]gy ( light2 &1 practically1 x foll[s f :at ,i h j told y--7t e light 9 pa9t+ is a %ad[ to high] lights1 & e %ad[ a light to l[] %ad[s7--t also e col\r 9 pa9t+ mu/ be a %ad[ to "s bright] col\r1 & a light to "s d>k] "o--all ! :ile be+ a positive col\r itself4 ,& ! great spl5d\r ( ! ,v5etian s*ool arises f _! hav+ se5 & held f ! beg9n+ ?is great fact--t %ad[ is z mu* col\r z light1 (t5 mu* m4 ,9 ,titian's fulle/ r$ ! lights are pale rose-col\r1 pass+ into :ite--! %ad[s w>m deep crimson4 ,9 ,v]onese's mo/ spl5did orange1 ! lights are pale1 ! %ad[s crocus col\r2 & s on4 ,9 nature1 d>k sides if se5 by reflect$ lights1 are almo/ always full] or w>m] 9 col\r ?an ! lights2 & ! practice ( ! ,bolognese & ,roman s*ools1 9 draw+ _! %ad[s always d>k & cold1 is false f ! beg9n+1 & r5d]s p]fect pa9t+ = ev] impossible 9 ^? s*ools1 & to all :o foll[ !m4 #ace4 ,e visible space1 !n1 be x d>k or light1 is a space ( col\r ( "s k9d1 or ( black or :ite4 ,& y h to enclose x ) a true outl9e1 & to pa9t x ) its true col\r4 ,b be=e consid]+ h[ we are to draw ?is enclos+ l9e1 ,i mu/ /ate to y some?+ ab\t ! use ( l9es 9 g5]al1 by diff]5t s*ools4 ,i said j n[ t !re 0 no diff]5ce betwe5 ! masses ( col\r ( :i* all visible nature is compos$1 except 9 texture4 ,n[ textures are pr9cipally ( ?ree k9ds3-- 7#a7 ,lu/r\s1 z ( wat] & glass4 7#b7 ,bloomy1 or velvety1 z ( a rose-leaf or pea*4 7#c7 ,l9e>1 produc$ by filam5ts or ?reads z 9 fea!rs1 fur1 hair1 & wov5 or reticulat$ tissues4 ,all ^! ?ree s\rces ( pleasure to ! eye 9 texture are unit$ 9 ! be/ ornam5tal "w4 ,a f9e picture by ,fra ,angelico1 or a f9e illum9at$ page ( missal1 has l>ge spaces ( gold1 p>tly burni%$ & lu/r\s1 p>tly dead2--"s ( x *as$ & enri*$ ) l9e> texture1 & m+l$ ) impos$ or inlaid col\rs1 s(t 9 bloom l t ( ! rose-leaf4 ,b _m s*ools ( art affect = ! mo/ "p "o k9d ( texture only1 & a va/ quantity ( ! art ( all ages dep5ds = great "p ( its p[] on texture produc$ by multitud9\s l9es4 ,?us1 wood engrav+1 l9e engrav+ prop]ly s call$1 & c\ntless v>ieties ( sculpture1 metal "w1 & textile fabric1 dep5d = great "p ( ! effect1 = ! my/]y1 s(tness1 & cle>ness ( _! col\rs1 or %ades1 on modification ( ! surfaces by l9es or ?reads4 ,ev5 9 advanc$ oil pa9t+1 ! "w (t5 dep5ds = "s "p ( its effect on ! texture ( ! canvas4 #acf4 ,aga91 ! arts ( et*+ & mezzot9t engrav+ dep5d pr9cipally = _! effect on ! velvety1 or bloomy texture ( _! d>kness1 & ! be/ ( all pa9t+ is ! fresco "w ( great col\ri/s1 9 :i* ! col\rs are :at is usually call$ dead2 b !y are any?+ b dead1 !y gl[ ) ! lum9\s bloom ( life4 ,! frescoes ( ,correggio1 :5 n repa9t$1 are supreme 9 ?is quality4 #acg4 ,:ile1 h[ev]1 9 all p]iods ( art ^! diff]5t textures are ?us us$ 9 v>i\s /yles1 & = v>i\s purposes1 y w f9d t !re is a broad hi/orical division ( s*ools1 :i* w mat]ially assi/ y 9 und]/&+ !m4 ,! e>lie/ art 9 mo/ c\ntries is l9e>1 consi/+ ( int]wov51 or ri*ly spiral & o!rwise involv$ arrangem5ts ( sculptur$ or pa9t$ l9es1 on /one1 wood1 metal or clay4 ,x is g5]ally *>act]i/ic ( savage life1 & ( fev]i% en]gy ( imag9ation4 ,i %all exam9e ^! s*ools ) y h]eaft]1 "u ! g5]al head ( ! ,s*ools ( ,l9e4#ab ,footnote #ab3 ,see ,ariadne ,flor5t9a1 #e4 ,secondly1 ev5 9 ! e>lie/ p]iods1 among p[]ful nations1 ?is l9e> decoration is m or less fill$ ) *equ]$ or b>r$ %ade1 & beg9s at once to repres5t animal or floral =m1 by fill+ its outl9es ) flat %ad[1 or ) flat col\r4 ,& "h we in/antly f9d two great divisions ( temp] & ?\ght4 ,! ,greeks look ^u all col\r fir/ z light2 !y are1 z comp>$ ) o!r races1 ins5sitive to hue1 exquisitely s5sitive to ph5om5a ( light4 ,& _! l9e> s*ool passes into "o ( flat masses ( light & d>kness1 repres5t$ 9 ! ma9 by f\r t9ts1--:ite1 black1 & two r$s1 "o brick col\r1 m or less vivid1 ! o!r d>k purple2 ^! two /&+ m5tally _! fav\rite porphyreos col\r1 9 its light & d>k p[]s4 ,on ! o!r h&1 _m ( ! ,nor!rn nations are at fir/ entirely ins5sible to light & %ade1 b exquisitely s5sitive to col\r1 & _! l9e> decoration is fill$ ) flat t9ts1 inf9itely v>i$1 b ) no expression ( light & %ade4 ,bo? ^! s*ools h a limit$ b absolute p]fection ( _! own1 & _! peculi> successes c 9 no wise be imitat$1 except by ! /ricte/ obs]vance ( ! same limitations4 #ach4 ,y h !n1 ,l9e = ! e>lie/ art1 bran*+ into-- 7#a7 ,greek1 ,l9e ) ,light4 7#b7 ,go?ic1 ,l9e ) ,col\r4 ,n[1 z art completes itself1 ea* ( ^! s*ools reta9 _! sep>ate *>act]s1 b !y cease to dep5d on l9es1 & le>n to repres5t masses in/ead1 becom+ m ref9$ at ! same "t 9 all modes ( p]ception & execution4 ,& ?us !re arise ! two va/ m$ival s*ools2 "o ( flat & inf9itely v>i$ col\r1 ) exquisite "* & s5tim5t add$1 9 ! =ms repres5t$2 b little p]ception ( %ad[4 ,! o!r1 ( light & %ade1 ) exquisite draw+ ( solid =m1 & little p]ception ( col\r3 sometimes z little ( s5tim5t4 ,( ^!1 ! s*ool ( flat col\r is ! m vital "o2 x is always natural & simple1 if n great2--& :5 x is great1 x is v great4 ,! s*ool ( light & %ade associates itself ) t ( engrav+2 x is ess5tially an academical s*ool1 broadly divid+ light f d>kness1 & beg9s by assum+ t ! light side ( all objects %all be repres5t$ by :ite1 & ! extreme %ad[ by black4 ,on ?is conv5tional pr9ciple x rea*es a limit$ excell5ce ( its own1 9 :i* ! be/ exi/+ types ( engrav+ are execut$1 & ultimately1 ! mo/ regul> expressions ( organic =m 9 pa9t+4 ,!n1 la/ly1--! s*ools ( col\r advance /eadily1 till !y adopt f ^? ( light & %ade :atev] is compatible ) _! own p[]1--& !n y h p]fect art1 repres5t$ c5trally by t ( ! great ,v5etians4 ,! s*ools ( light & %ade1 on ! o!r h&1 are p>tly1 9 _! academical =mulas1 too haughty1 & p>tly1 9 _! n>r[ness ( imag9ation1 too weak1 to le>n mu* f ! s*ools ( col\r2 & pass into a /ate ( decad5ce1 consi/+ p>tly 9 pr\d endeav\rs to give pa9t+ ! qualities ( sculpture1 & p>tly 9 ! pursuit ( effects ( light & %ade1 c>ri$ at la/ to extreme s5sational subtlety by ! ,dut* s*ool4 ,9 _! fall1 !y drag ! s*ools ( col\r d[n ) !m2 & ! rec5t hi/ory ( art is "o ( confus$ ef=t to f9d lo/ roads1 & resume allegiance to violat$ pr9ciples4 #aci4 ,t1 briefly1 is ! map ( ! great s*ools1 easily rememb]$ 9 ?is hexagonal =m3-- #a4 ,,l9e ,e>ly s*ools4 #b4 #c4 ,,l9e ,,& ,,light4 ,,l9e ,,& ,,col\r4 ,greek clay4 ,go?ic glass4 #d4 #e4 ,,mass ,,& ,,light4 ,,mass ,,& ,,col\r4 7,repres5t$ by ,lion>do1 7,repres5t$ by ,giorgione1 & 8 s*ools47 & 8 s*ools47 #f4 ,,mass1 ,,light1 ,,& ,,col\r4 7,repres5t$ by ,titian1 & 8 s*ools47 ,& ,i wi% y ) y\r own eyes & f+]s to trace1 & 9 y\r own progress foll[1 ! me?od ( advance exemplifi$ by ^! great s*ools4 ,i wi% y to beg9 by gett+ comm& ( l9e1 t is to say1 by le>n+ to draw a /eady l9e1 limit+ ) absolute correctness ! =m or space y int5d x to limit2 to proce$ by gett+ comm& ov] flat t9ts1 s t y may be able to fill ! spaces y h enclos$1 ev5ly1 ei!r ) %ade or col\r accord+ to ! s*ool y adopt2 & f9ally to obta9 ! p[] ( add+ su* f95ess ( gradation )9 ! masses1 z %all express _! r\nd+s1 & _! *>act]s ( texture4 #adj4 ,^? :o are famili> ) ! me?ods ( exi/+ s*ools mu/ be aw>e t ,i ?us ne>ly inv]t _! practice ( tea*+4 ,/ud5ts at pres5t le>n to draw details fir/1 & to col\r & mass !m aft]w>ds4 ,i %all endeav\r to tea* y to arrange broad masses & col\rs fir/2 & y %all put ! details into !m aft]w>ds4 ,i h sev]al reasons = ?is audacity1 ( :i* y may ju/ly require me to /ate ! pr9cipal ones4 ,! fir/ is t1 z ,i h %[n y1 ?is me?od ,i wi% y to foll[1 is ! natural "o4 ,all great arti/ nations h actually le>n$ to "w 9 ?is way1 & ,i believe x !re=e ! "r1 z ! hi!rto successful "o4 ,secondly1 y w f9d x less irksome ?an ! rev]se me?od1 & m def9ite4 ,:5 a beg9n] is set at once to draw details1 & make f9i%$ /udies 9 light & %ade1 no ma/] c correct 8 innum]able errors1 or rescue him out ( 8 endless difficulties4 ,b 9 ! natural me?od1 he c correct1 if he w1 8 own errors4 ,y w h positive l9es to draw1 pres5t+ no m difficulty1 except 9 requir+ great] /ead9ess ( h&1 ?an ! outl9es ( a map4 ,!y w be g5]ally sweep+ & simple1 in/ead ( be+ jagg$ into promontories & bays2 b assur$ly1 !y may be drawn rightly 7) pati5ce71 & _! rightness te/$ ) ma!matical accuracy4 ,y h only to foll[ y\r own l9e ) trac+ pap]1 & apply x to y\r own copy4 ,if !y d n correspond1 y are wrong1 & y ne$ no ma/] to %[ y :]e4 ,aga92 9 wa%+ 9 a flat tone ( col\r or %ade1 y c always see y\rself if x is flat1 & kept well )9 ! edges2 & y c set a piece ( y\r col\r side by side ) t ( ! copy2 if x does n mat*1 y are wrong2 &1 aga91 y ne$ no "o to tell y s1 if y\r eye = col\r is true4 ,x happ5s1 inde$1 m frequ5tly ?an w\ld be suppos$1 t !re is real want ( p[] 9 ! eye to di/+ui% col\rs2 & ?is ,i ev5 suspect to be a condition :i* has be5 sometimes att5dant on high degrees ( c]ebral s5sitiv5ess 9 o!r directions2 b su* want ( faculty w\ld be detect$ 9 y\r fir/ two or ?ree ex]cises by ?is simple me?od1 :ile1 o!rwise1 y might g on = ye>s endeav\r+ to col\r f nature 9 va94 ,la/ly1 & ?is is a v weighty collat]al reason1 su* a me?od enables me to %[ y _m ?+s1 besides ! art ( draw+4 ,e ex]cise t ,i prep>e = y w be ei!r a portion ( "s important example ( anci5t art1 or ( "s natural object4 ,h[ev] rudely or unsuccessfully y may draw x1 7?\gh ,i anticipate f y nei!r want ( c>e nor success17 y w nev]!less h le>n$ :at no words c\ld h s =cibly or completely taught y1 ei!r respect+ e>ly art or organic /ructure2 & ,i am ?us c]ta9 t n a mom5t y sp5d att5tively w be altoge!r wa/$1 & t1 g5]ally1 y w be twice ga9]s by e ef=t4 #ada4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 yet ano!r po9t 9 :i* ,i ?9k a *ange ( exi/+ me?ods w be advisable4 ,y h "h 9 ,ox=d "o ( ! f9e/ collections 9 ,europe ( draw+s 9 p51 & *alk1 by ,mi*ael ,angelo & ,raphael4 ,( ! :ole numb]1 y _c b h notic$ t n "o is weak or /ud5t-l--all are evid5tly ma/]'s "w4 ,y may look ! gall]ies ( ,europe ?r\gh1 & s f> z ,i "k1 or z x is possible to make ) safety any s wide g5]alization1 y w n f9d 9 !m a *ildi% or feeble draw+1 by ^!1 or by any o!r great ma/]4 ,& f>!r3--by ! greate/ m5--by ,titian1 ,velasquez1 or ,v]onese--y w h>dly f9d an au!ntic draw+1 at all4 ,= ! fact is1 t :ile we mod]ns h always le>n$1 or tri$ to le>n1 to pa9t by draw+1 ! anci5ts le>n$ to draw by pa9t+--or by engrav+1 m difficult /ill4 ,! bru% 0 put into _! h&s :5 !y 7 *ildr51 & !y 7 =c$ to draw ) t1 until1 if !y us$ ! p5 or crayon1 !y us$ x ei!r ) ! lightness ( a bru% or ! decision ( a grav]4 ,mi*ael ,angelo uses 8 p5 l a *isel2 b all ( !m seem to use x only :5 !y are 9 ! height ( _! p[]1 & !n = rapid notation ( ?\ght or = /udy ( models2 b nev] z a practice help+ !m to pa9t4 ,probably ex]cises ( ! sev]e/ k9d 7 gone ?r\gh 9 m9ute draw+ by ! appr5tices ( ! goldsmi?s1 ( :i* we he> & "k little1 & :i* 7 entirely matt]s ( c\rse4 ,to ^!1 & to ! exquisit5ess ( c>e & t\* develop$ 9 work+ preci\s metals1 may probably be attribut$ ! f9al triumph ( ,italian sculpture4 ,mi*ael ,angelo1 :5 a boy1 is said to h copi$ engrav+s by ,s*ngau] & o!rs1 ) 8 p51 9 facsimile s true t he c\ld pass 8 draw+s z ! orig9als4 ,b ,i %\ld only disc\rage y f all f>!r attempts 9 art1 if ,i ask$ y to imitate any ( ^! accompli%$ draw+s ( ! gem-artific]s4 ,y h1 =tunately1 a mo/ int]e/+ collection ( !m already 9 y\r gall]ies1 & may try y\r h&s on !m if y w4 ,b ,i desire r t y %\ld attempt no?+ except :at c by det]m9ation be absolutely accompli%$1 & be kn[n & felt by y to be accompli%$ :5 x is s4 ,n[1 !re=e1 ,i am go+ at once to comply ) t popul> in/9ct :i*1 ,i hope1 s f> z y c>e = draw+ at all1 y are /ill boys en\gh to feel1 ! desire to pa9t4 ,pa9t y %all2 b rememb]1 ,i und]/& by pa9t+ :at y w n f9d easy4 ,pa9t y %all2 b daub or blot y %all n3 & !re w be ev5 m c>e requir$1 ?\gh c>e ( a pleasant] k9d1 to foll[ ! l9es trac$ = y ) ! po9t ( ! bru% ?an if !y _h be5 drawn ) t ( a crayon4 ,b f ! v beg9n+ 7?\gh c>ry+ on at ! same "t an incid5tal practice ) crayon & lead p5cil71 y %all try to draw a l9e ( absolute correctness ) ! po9t1 n ( p5 or crayon1 b ( ! bru%1 z ,apelles did1 & z all col\r$ l9es are drawn on ,greek vases4 ,a l9e ( absolute correctness1 obs]ve4 ,i d n c>e h[ sl[ly y d x1 or ) h[ _m alt]ations1 junctions1 or re-t\*+s2 ! "o ?+ ,i ask ( y is1 t ! l9e %all be "r1 & "r by measurem5t1 to ! same m9ut5ess :i* y w\ld h to give 9 a ,gov]nm5t *>t to ! map ( a dang]\s %oal4 #adb4 ,?is "q ( measurem5t is1 z y are probably aw>e1 "o mu* vex$ 9 art s*ools2 b x is det]m9$ indisputably by ! v fir/ words writt5 by ,lion>do3 ,il giovane deve prima imp>>e prospettiva1 p] le misure d'ogni cosa4 ,)\t absolute precision ( measurem5t1 x is c]ta9ly impossible = y to le>n p]spective rightly2 &1 z f> z ,i c judge1 impossible to le>n any?+ else rightly4 ,& 9 my pa/ exp]i5ce ( tea*+1 ,i h f\nd t su* precision is ( all ?+s ! mo/ difficult to en=ce on ! pupils4 ,x is easy to p]suade to dilig5ce1 or provoke to en?usiasm2 b ,i h f\nd x hi!rto impossible to humiliate "o clev] /ud5t into p]fect accuracy4 ,x is1 !re=e1 necess>y1 9 beg9n+ a sy/em ( draw+ = ! ,univ]sity1 t no op5+ %\ld be left = failure 9 ?is ess5tial matt]4 ,i hope y w tru/ ! words ( ! mo/ accompli%$ draughtsman ( ,italy1 & ! pa9t] ( ! great sacr$ picture :i*1 p]haps beyond all o!rs1 has influ5c$ ! m9d ( ,europe1 :5 he tells y t y\r fir/ duty is to le>n p]spective by ! measures ( ev]y?+4 ,= p]spective1 ,i w und]take t x %all be made1 practically1 q easy to y2 if y c>e to ma/] ! ma!matics ( x1 !y are c>ri$ z f> z is necess>y = y 9 my treatise writt5 9 #ahei1 ( :i* copies %all be plac$ at y\r disposal 9 y\r work+ room4 ,b ! habit & dext]ity ( measurem5t y mu/ acquire at once1 & t ) eng9e]'s accuracy4 ,i hope t 9 our n[ gradually develop+ sy/em ( education1 elem5t>y ar*itectural or milit>y draw+ w be requir$ at all public s*ools2 s t :5 y\?s come to ! ,univ]sity1 x may be no m necess>y = !m to pass ?r\gh ! prelim9>y ex]cises ( p]spective ?an ( gramm>3 = ! pres5t1 ,i w place 9 y\r s]ies examples simple & sev]e en\gh = all necess>y practice4 #adc4 ,& :ile y are le>n+ to measure1 & to draw1 & lay flat t9ts1 ) ! bru%1 y mu/ also get easy comm& ( ! p52 = t is n only ! great in/rum5t = ! fir/ sket*+1 b its "r use is ! f\ndation ( ! art ( illum9ation4 ,9 no?+ is f9e art m directly f\nd$ on utility ?an 9 ! close dep5d5ce ( decorative illum9ation on good writ+4 ,p]fect illum9ation is only writ+ made lovely2 ! mom5t x passes into picture-mak+ x has lo/ its dignity & function4 ,= pictures1 small or great1 if beautiful1 ought n to be pa9t$ on leaves ( books1 to be worn ) s]vice2 & pictures1 small or great1 n beautiful1 %\ld be pa9t$ n[h]e4 ,b to make writ+ itself beautiful1--to make ! sweep ( ! p5 lovely1--is ! true art ( illum9ation2 & ,i p>ticul>ly wi% y to note ?is1 because x happ5s cont9ually t "y girls :o are incapable ( trac+ a s+le curve ) /ead9ess1 mu* m ( del9eat+ any ornam5tal or organic =m ) correctness1 ?9k t "w1 :i* w\ld be intol]able 9 ord9>y draw+1 becomes tol]able :5 x is employ$ = ! decoration ( texts2 & ?us !y r5d] all heal?y progress impossible1 by protect+ !mselves 9 ineffici5cy "u ! %ield ( good motive4 ,:]eas ! "r way ( sett+ to "w is to make !mselves fir/ mi/resses ( ! art ( writ+ beautifully2 & !n to apply t art 9 its prop] degrees ( developm5t to :atev] !y desire p]man5tly to write4 ,& x is inde$ a mu* m truly religi\s duty = girls to acquire a habit ( delib]ate1 legible1 & lovely p5man%ip 9 _! daily use ( ! p51 ?an to illum9ate any quantity ( texts4 ,hav+ done s1 !y may next discipl9e _! h&s into ! control ( l9es ( any l5g?1 &1 f9ally1 add ! beauty ( col\r & =m to ! fl[+ ( ^! p]fect l9es4 ,b x is only aft] ye>s ( practice t !y w be able to illum9ate noble words rightly = ! eyes1 z x is only aft] ye>s ( practice t !y c make !m melodi\s rightly1 ) ! voice4 #add4 ,i %all n attempt1 9 ?is lecture1 to give y any acc\nt ( ! use ( ! p5 z a draw+ in/rum5t4 ,t use is connect$ 9 _m ways ) pr9ciples bo? ( %ad+ & ( engrav+1 h]eaft] to be exam9$ at l5g?4 ,b ,i may g5]ally /ate to y t its be/ employm5t is 9 giv+ det]m9ation to ! =ms 9 draw+s wa%$ ) neutral t9t2 & t1 9 ?is use ( x1 ,holbe9 is q )\t a rival4 ,i h !re=e plac$ _m examples ( 8 "w among y\r copies4 ,x is employ$ = rapid /udy by ,raphael & o!r ma/]s ( del9eation1 :o1 9 su* cases1 give ) x also p>tial indications ( %ad[2 b x is n a prop] in/rum5t = %ad+1 :5 draw+s are int5d$ to be delib]ate & complete1 nor d ! great ma/]s s employ x4 ,its virtue is ! p[] ( produc+ a p]fectly delicate1 equal1 & decisive l9e ) great rapidity2 & ! temptation alli$ ) t virtue is ! lic5ti\s ha/e1 & *ance-swept1 in/ead ( /rictly-comm&$1 curvature4 ,9 ! h&s ( v great pa9t]s x obta9s1 l ! et*+ ne$le1 qualities ( exquisite *>m 9 ?is free use2 b all attempts at imitation ( ^! confus$ & sugge/ive sket*es mu/ be absolutely d5i$ to y\rselves :ile /ud5ts4 ,y may fancy y h produc$ some?+ l !m ) little tr\ble2 b1 be assur$1 x is 9 reality z unlike !m z nons5se is unlike s5se2 & t1 if y p]si/ 9 su* "w1 y w n only prev5t y\r own executive progress1 b y w nev] und]/& 9 all y\r lives :at good pa9t+ means4 ,:5ev] y take a p5 9 y\r h&1 if y _c c\nt e l9e y lay ) x1 & say :y y make x s long & no long]1 & :y y drew x 9 t direction & no o!r1 y\r "w is bad4 ,! only man :o c put 8 p5 to full spe$1 & yet reta9 comm& ov] e sep>ate l9e ( x1 is ,dr]4 ,he has done ?is 9 ! illu/rations ( a missal pres]v$ at ,muni*1 :i* h be5 fairly facsimil$2 & ( ^! ,i h plac$ sev]al 9 y\r copy+ s]ies1 ) "s ( ,turn]'s l&scape et*+s1 & o!r examples ( delib]ate p5 "w1 su* z w advantage y 9 e>ly /udy4 ,! prop] use ( !m y w f9d expla9$ 9 ! catalogue4 #ade4 ,&1 n[1 b "o ^w m to-day4 ,d n impute to me ! imp]t95ce ( sett+ be=e y :at is new 9 ?is sy/em ( practice z be+ c]ta9ly ! be/ me?od4 ,no ,engli% arti/s are yet agre$ entirely on e>ly me?ods2 & ev5 ,reynolds expresses ) "s hesitation 8 conviction ( ! exp$i5cy ( le>n+ to draw ) ! bru%4 ,b ?is me?od t ,i %[ y re/s 9 all ess5tial po9ts on 8 au?ority1 on ,lion>do's1 or on ! evid5t z well z record$ practice ( ! mo/ spl5did ,greek & ,italian draughtsm52 & y may be assur$ x w lead y1 h[ev] sl[ly1 to great & c]ta9 skill4 ,to :at degree ( skill1 mu/ dep5d greatly on y\rselves2 b ,i "k t 9 practice ( ?is k9d y _c sp5d an h\r )\t def9itely ga9+1 bo? 9 true k ( art1 & 9 useful p[] ( h&2 & = :at may appe> 9 x too difficult1 ,i mu/ %elt] or support myself1 z 9 beg9n+1 s 9 clos+ ?is fir/ lecture on practice1 by ! words ( ,reynolds3 ,! impetuosity ( y\? is disgu/$ at ! sl[ approa*es ( a regul> siege1 & desires1 f m]e impati5ce ( lab\r1 to take ! citadel by /orm4 ,!y mu/ !re=e be told aga9 & aga9 t lab\r is ! only price ( solid fame2 & t1 :atev] _! =ce ( g5ius may be1 !re is no easy me?od ( becom+ a good pa9t]4 ,,lecture ,,vi ,,light #adf4 ,! plan ( ! divisions ( art-s*ools :i* ,i gave y 9 ! la/ lecture is ( c\rse only a fir/ g]m ( classification1 on :i* we are to f\nd f>!r & m def9$ /atem5t2 b = ?is v reason x is necess>y t e t]m ( x %\ld be v cle> 9 y\r m9ds4 ,& especially ,i mu/ expla91 & ask y to note ! s5se 9 :i* ,i use ! ^w mass4 ,arti/s usually employ t ^w to express ! spaces ( light & d>kness1 or ( col\r1 into :i* a picture is divid$4 ,b ?is habit ( !irs arises p>tly f _! always speak+ ( pictures 9 :i* ! lights repres5t solid =m4 ,if !y _h in/ead be5 speak+ ( flat t9ts1 z1 = in/ance1 ( ! gold & blue 9 ?is missal page1 !y w\ld n h call$ !m masses1 b spaces ( col\r4 ,n[ bo? = accuracy & conv5i5ce' sake1 y w f9d x well to obs]ve ?is di/9ction1 & to call a simple flat t9t a space ( col\r2 & only ! repres5tation ( solid or project+ =m a mass4 ,i use1 h[ev]1 ! ^w l9e r ?an space 9 ! second & ?ird heads ( our g5]al s*eme1 at p4 #id1 because y _c limit a flat t9t b by a l9e1 or ! locus ( a l9e3 :]eas a gradat$ t9t1 expressive ( mass1 may be lo/ at its edges 9 ano!r1 )\t any fix$ limit2 & practically is s1 9 ! works ( ! greate/ ma/]s4 #adg4 ,y h ?us1 9 y\r hexagonal s*eme1 ! expression ( ! univ]sal mann] ( advance 9 pa9t+3 ,l9e fir/2 !n l9e enclos+ flat spaces col\r$ or %ad$2 !n ! l9es vani%1 & ! solid =ms are se5 )9 ! spaces4 ,t is ! univ]sal law ( advance3--#a1 l9e2 #b1 flat space2 #c1 mass$ or solid space4 ,b z y see1 ?is advance may be made1 & has be5 made1 by two diff]5t roads2 "o advanc+ always ?r\gh col\r1 ! o!r ?r\gh light & %ade4 ,& ^! two roads are tak5 by two entirely diff]5t k9ds ( m54 ,! way by col\r is tak5 by m5 ( *e]ful1 natural1 & entirely sane disposition 9 body & m9d1 mu* resembl+1 ev5 at its /ronge/1 ! temp] ( well-br\ght-up *ildr53--too happy to ?9k deeply1 yet ) p[]s ( imag9ation by :i* !y c live o!r lives ?an _! actual ones3 make-believe lives1 :ile yet !y rema9 consci\s all ! :ile t !y are mak+ believe--!re=e entirely sane4 ,!y are also absolutely cont5t$2 !y ask = no m light ?an is imm$iately ar\nd !m1 & _c see any?+ l d>kness1 b only gre5 & blue1 9 ! e>? & sea4 #adh4 ,! way by light & %ade is1 on ! contr>y1 tak5 by m5 ( ! highe/ p[]s ( ?\ght1 & mo/ e>ne/ desire = tru?2 !y long = light1 & = k ( all t light c %[4 ,b seek+ = light1 !y p]ceive also d>kness2 seek+ = tru? & sub/ance1 !y f9d vanity4 ,!y look = =m 9 ! e>?1--= dawn 9 ! sky2 & seek+ ^!1 !y f9d =mlessness 9 ! e>?1 & night 9 ! sky4 ,n[ rememb]1 9 ^! introductory lectures ,i am putt+ be=e y ! roots ( ?+s1 :i* are /range1 & d>k1 & (t51 x may seem1 unconnect$ ) ! bran*es4 ,y may n at pres5t ?9k ^! metaphysical /atem5ts necess>y2 b z y g on1 y w f9d t hav+ hold ( ! clue to me?ods ( "w ?r\gh _! spr+s 9 human "*1 y may p]ceive un]r+ly :]e !y lead1 & :at con/itutes _! wrongness & rightness2 & :5 we h ! ma9 pr9ciples laid d[n1 all o!rs w develop !mselves 9 due succession1 & ev]y?+ w become m cle>ly intelligible to y 9 ! end1 = hav+ be5 app>5tly vague 9 ! beg9n+4 ,y "k :5 "o is lay+ ! f\ndation ( a h\se1 x does n %[ directly :]e ! rooms are to be4 #adi4 ,y h !n ^! two great divisions ( human m9d3 "o1 cont5t ) ! col\rs ( ?+s1 :e!r !y are d>k or light2 ! o!r seek+ light pure1 z su*1 & dread+ d>kness z su*4 ,"o1 also1 cont5t ) ! col\r$ aspects & vision>y %apes ( ?+s2 ! o!r seek+ _! =m & sub/ance4 ,&1 z ,i said1 ! s*ool ( k1 seek+ light1 p]ceives1 & has to accept & deal ) obscurity3 & seek+ =m1 x has to accept & deal ) =mlessness1 or dea?4 ,f>!r1 ! s*ool ( col\r 9 ,europe1 us+ ! ^w ,go?ic 9 its broade/ s5se1 is ess5tially ,go?ic ,*ri/ian2 & full ( com=t & peace4 ,aga91 ! s*ool ( light is ess5tially ,greek1 & full ( sorr[4 ,i _c tell y :i* is "r1 or lea/ wrong4 ,i tell y only :at ,i "k--?is vital di/9ction betwe5 !m3 ! ,go?ic or col\r s*ool is always *e]ful1 ! ,greek always oppress$ by ! %ad[ ( dea?2 & ! /rong] its ma/]s are1 ! clos] t body ( dea? grips !m4 ,! /ronge/ ^: "w ,i c %[ y 9 rec5t p]iods is ,holbe92 next to him is ,lion>do2 & !n ,dr]3 b ( ! ?ree ,holbe9 is ! /ronge/1 & ) 8 help ,i w put ! two s*ools 9 _! full "* be=e y 9 a mom5t4 #aej4 ,"h is1 fir/1 ! photograph ( an entirely *>act]i/ic piece ( ! great col\r s*ool4 ,x is by ,cima ( ,conegliano1 a m\nta9e]1 l ,lu9i1 born "u ! ,alps ( ,friuli4 ,8 ,*ri/ian "n 0 ,john ,bapti/3 he is "h pa9t+ 8 "n-,sa9t2 ! :ole picture full ( peace1 & int5se fai? & hope1 & deep joy 9 light ( sky1 & fruit & fl[] & we$ ( e>?4 ,x 0 pa9t$ = ! *ur* ( ,our ,lady ( ! ,g>d5 at ,v5ice1 ,la ,madonna dell' ,orto 7prop]ly ,madonna ( ! ,kit*5 ,g>d571 & x is full ( simple fl[]s1 & has ! wild /rawb]ry ( ,cima's native m\nta9s gleam+ ?r\gh ! grass4 ,beside x ,i w put a piece ( ! /ronge/ "w ( ! s*ool ( light & %ade--/ronge/ because ,holbe9 0 a col\ri/ also2 b he belongs1 nev]!less1 ess5tially to ! *i>oscuro s*ool4 ,y "k t 8 "n is connect$1 9 ideal "w1 *iefly ) 8 ,dance ( ,dea?4 ,i w n %[ y any ( ! t]ror ( t2 only a photograph ( 8 well-kn[n ,dead ,*ri/4 ,x w at once %[ y h[ completely ! ,*ri/ian art ( ?is s*ool is oppress$ by its v]acity1 & =c$ to see :at is fe>ful1 ev5 9 :at x mo/ tru/s4 ,y may ?9k ,i am %[+ y contra/s m]ely to fit my !ories4 ,b !re is ,dr]'s ,knight & ,dea?1 8 greate/ plate2 & if ,i _h ,lion>do's ,m$usa "h1 :i* he pa9t$ :5 only a boy1 y w\ld h se5 h[ he 0 held by ! same *a94 ,& y _c b wond] :y1 ?is be+ ! melan*oly temp] ( ! great ,greek or naturali/ic s*ool1 ,i %\ld h call$ x ! s*ool ( light4 ,i call x s because x is ?r\gh its int5se love ( light t ! d>kness becomes app>5t to x1 & ?r\gh its int5se love ( tru? & =m t all my/]y becomes attractive to x4 ,& :51 hav+ le>n$ ^! ?+s1 x is jo9$ to ! s*ool ( col\r1 y h ! p]fect1 ?\gh always1 z ,i w %[ y1 p5sive1 art ( ,titian & 8 foll[]s4 #aea4 ,b rememb]1 its fir/ developm5t1 & all its f9al p[]1 dep5d on ,greek sorr[1 & ,greek religion4 ,! s*ool ( light is f\nd$ 9 ! ,doric wor%ip ( ,apollo1 & ! ,ionic wor%ip ( ,a!na1 z ! spirits ( life 9 ! light1 & ( life 9 ! air1 oppos$ ea* to _! own contr>y deity ( dea?--,apollo to ! ,py?on1 ,a!na to ! ,gorgon--,apollo z life 9 light1 to ! e>? _s ( corruption 9 d>kness2--,a!na1 z life by motion1 to ! ,gorgon _s ( dea? by pause1 freez+ or turn+ to /one3 bo? ( ! great div9ities tak+ _! glory f ! evil !y h conqu]$2 bo? ( !m1 :5 angry1 tak+ to m5 ! =m ( ! evil :i* is _! opposite--,apollo slay+ by poison$ arr[1 by pe/il5ce2 ,a!na by cold1 ! black gis on h] brea/4 ,^! are ! def9ite & direct expressions ( ! ,greek ?\ghts respect+ dea? & life4 ,b und]ly+ bo? ^!1 & f> m my/]i\s1 dreadful1 & yet beautiful1 !re is ! ,greek conception ( spiritual d>kness2 ( ! ang] ( fate1 :e!r =$oom$ or av5g+2 ! root & !me ( all ,greek trag$y2 ! ang] ( ! ,er9nyes1 & ,demet] ,er9nys1 comp>$ to :i* ! ang] ei!r ( ,apollo or ,a!na is tempor>y & p>tial3--& also1 :ile ,apollo or ,a!na only slay1 ! p[] ( ,demet] & ! ,eum5ides is ov] ! :ole life2 s t 9 ! /ories ( ,bell]ophon1 ( ,hippolytus1 ( ,ore/es1 ( ,o$ipus1 y h an incomp>ably deep] %ad[ ?an any t 0 possible to ! ?\ght ( lat] ages1 :5 ! hope ( ! ,resurrection _h become def9ite4 ,& if y keep ?is 9 m9d1 y w f9d e "n & leg5d ( ! olde/ hi/ory become full ( mean+ to y4 ,all ! my?ic acc\nts ( ,greek sculpture beg9 9 ! leg5ds ( ! family ( ,tantalus4 ,! ma9 "o is ! mak+ ( ! ivory %\ld] ( ,pelops aft] ,demet] has eat5 ! %\ld] ( fle%4 ,) t y h ,broteas1 ! bro!r ( ,pelops1 c>v+ ! fir/ /atue ( ! "m ( ! gods2 & y h 8 si/]1 ,niobe1 weep+ h]self to /one "u ! ang] ( ! deities ( light4 ,!n ,pelops himself1 ! d>k-fac$1 gives "n to ! ,peloponnesus1 :i* y may !re=e read z ! isle ( d>kness2 b its c5tral city1 ,sp>ta1 ! s[n city1 is connect$ ) all ! ideas ( ! e>? z life-giv+4 ,& f h] y h ,hel51 ! repres5tative ( light 9 beauty1 & ! ,fratres ,hel5--lucida sid]a2 &1 on ! o!r side ( ! hills1 ! brightness ( ,argos1 ) its correlative d>kness ov] ! ,atreid1 m>k$ to y by ,helios turn+ away 8 face f ! fea/ ( ,?ye/es4 #aeb4 ,!n jo9 ) ^! ! ,nor!rn leg5ds connect$ ) ! air4 ,x does n matt] :e!r y take ,dorus z ! son ( ,apollo or ! son ( ,hel52 he equally symbolises ! p[] ( light3 :ile 8 bro!r1 olus1 ?r\gh all 8 desc5dants1 *iefly 9 ,sisyphus1 is confus$ or associat$ ) ! real god ( ! w9ds1 & repres5ts to y ! p[] ( ! air4 ,& !n1 z ?is conception ent]s into art1 y h ! my?s ( ,ddalus1 ! flight ( ,ic>us1 & ! /ory ( ,phrixus & ,helle1 giv+ y cont9ual associations ( ! physical air & light1 end+ 9 ! p[] ( ,a!na ov] ,cor9? z well z ov] ,a!ns4 ,n[1 once hav+ ! clue1 y c "w out ! sequels = y\rselves bett] ?an ,i c = y2 & y w soon f9d ev5 ! e>lie/ or slighte/ grotesques ( ,greek art become full ( int]e/4 ,= no?+ is m wond]ful ?an ! dep? ( mean+ :i* nations 9 _! fir/ days ( ?\ght1 l *ildr51 c atta* to ! rude/ symbols2 & :at to u is grotesque or ugly1 l a little *ild's doll1 c speak to !m ! lovelie/ ?+s4 ,i h br\ght y to-day a few m examples ( e>ly ,greek vase pa9t+1 respect+ :i* rememb] g5]ally t its f9e/ developm5t is = ! mo/ "p sepul*ral4 ,y h1 9 ! fir/ p]iod1 always en]gy 9 ! figures1 light 9 ! sky or ^u ! figures2#ac 9 ! second p]iod1 :ile ! conception ( ! div9e p[] rema9s ! same1 x is ?\ght ( z 9 repose1 & ! light is 9 ! god1 n 9 ! sky2 9 ! "t ( decl9e1 ! div9e p[] is gradually disbeliev$1 & all =m & light are lo/ toge!r4 ,) t p]iod ,i wi% y to h no?+ to d4 ,y %all n h a s+le example ( x set be=e y1 b %all r le>n to recognise aft]w>ds :at is base by its /rang5ess4 ,^!1 :i* are to come e>ly 9 ! ?ird gr\p ( y\r ,/&>d s]ies1 w en\gh repres5t to y ! elem5ts ( e>ly & late conception 9 ! ,greek m9d ( ! deities ( light4 ,footnote #ac3 ,see ,note 9 ! ,catalogue on ,no4 #bja4 #aec4 ,fir/ 7,s4 #bjd71 y h ,apollo asc5d+ f ! sea2 ?\ght ( z ! physical sunrise3 only a circle ( light = 8 head2 8 *>iot horses1 se5 =e%ort5$1 black aga9/ ! day-break1 _! feet n yet ris5 above ! horizon4 ,und]nea? is ! pa9t+ f ! opposite side ( ! same vase3 ,a!na z ! morn+ breeze1 & ,h]mes z ! morn+ cl\d1 fly+ across ! waves be=e ! sunrise4 ,at ! di/ance ,i n[ hold !m f y1 x is sc>cely possible = y to see t !y are figures at all1 s l are !y to brok5 fragm5ts ( fly+ mi/2 & :5 y look close1 y w see t z ,apollo's face is invisible 9 ! circle ( light1 ,m]cury's is invisible 9 ! brok5 =m ( cl\d3 b ,i c tell y t x is conceiv$ z rev]t$1 look+ back to ,a!na2 ! grotesque appe>ance ( feature 9 ! front is ! outl9e ( 8 hair4 ,^! two pa9t+s are excessively rude1 & ( ! ar*aic p]iod2 ! deities be+ yet ?\ght ( *iefly z physical p[]s 9 viol5t ag5cy4 ,und]nea? ^! two are ,a!na & ,h]mes1 9 ! types atta9$ ab\t ! "t ( ,phidias2 b1 ( c\rse1 rudely drawn on ! vase1 & /ill m rudely 9 ?is pr9t f ,le ,normant & ,de ,witte4 ,= x is impossible 7z y w soon f9d if y try = y\rself7 to give on a plane surface ! grace ( figures drawn on "o ( solid curvature1 & adapt$ to all its curves3 & among o!r m9or diff]5ces1 ,a!na's lance is 9 ! orig9al ne>ly twice z tall z h]self1 & has to be cut %ort to come into ! pr9t at all4 ,/ill1 !re is en\gh "h to %[ y :at ,i want y to see--! repose1 & entirely realis$ p]sonality1 ( ! deities z conceiv$ 9 ! ,phidian p]iod4 ,! relation ( ! two deities is1 ,i believe1 ! same z 9 ! pa9t+ above1 ?\gh probably !re is ano!r add$ ( m def9ite k9d4 ,b ! physical mean+ /ill rema9s--,a!na unhelmet$1 z ! g5tle morn+ w9d1 comm&+ ! cl\d ,h]mes to sl[ flight4 ,8 petasus is slung at 8 back1 mean+ t ! cl\ds are n yet op5$ or exp&$ 9 ! sky4 #aed4 ,next 7,s4 #bje71 y h ,a!na1 aga9 unhelmet$ & cr[n$ ) leaves1 walk+ betwe5 two nymphs1 :o are cr[n$ also ) leaves2 & all ! ?ree hold fl[]s 9 _! h&s1 & !re is a fawn walk+ at ,a!na's feet4 ,?is is /ill ,a!na z ! morn+ air1 b ^u ! e>? in/ead ( 9 ! sky1 ) ! nymphs ( ! dew beside h]2 ! fl[]s & leaves op5+ z !y brea! ^u !m4 ,note ! :ite gleam ( light on ! fawn's brea/2 & comp>e x ) ! next foll[+ examples3--7und]nea? ?is "o is ! conte/ ( ,a!na & ,poseidon1 :i* does n be> on our pres5t subject74 ,next 7,s4 #bjf71 ,artemis z ! moon ( morn+1 walk+ l[ on ! hills1 & s++ to h] lyre2 ! fawn beside h]1 ) ! gleam ( light & sunrise on its e> & brea/4 ,^? ( y :o are (t5 out 9 ! dawntime "k t !re is no moon s glori\s z t gleam+ cresc5t1 ?\gh 9 its wane1 asc5d+ be=e ! sun4 ,und]nea?1 ,artemis1 & ,apollo1 ( ,phidian "t4 ,next 7,s4 #bjg71 ,apollo walk+ on ! e>?1 god ( ! morn+1 s++ to 8 lyre2 ! fawn beside him1 aga9 ) ! gleam ( light on its brea/4 ,& und]nea?1 ,apollo1 cross+ ! sea to ,delphi1 ( ! ,phidian "t4 #aee4 ,n[ y _c b be /ruck 9 ^! ?ree examples ) ! simil>ity ( action 9 ,a!na1 ,apollo1 & ,artemis1 drawn z deities ( ! morn+2 & ) ! association 9 e case ( ! fawn ) !m4 ,x has be5 said 7,i w n int]rupt y ) au?orities7 t ! fawn belongs to ,apollo & ,diana because /ags are s5sitive to music2 7are !y874 ,b y see ! fawn is "h ) ,a!na ( ! dew1 ?\gh %e has no lyre2 & ,i h myself no d\bt t 9 ?is p>ticul> relation to ! gods ( morn+ x always /&s z ! symbol ( wav]+ & glanc+ motion on ! gr\nd1 z well z ( ! light & %ad[ ?r\gh ! leaves1 *equ]+ ! gr\nd z ! fawn is dappl$4 ,simil>ly ! spots on ! nebris ( ,dionysus1 ?\ght ( sometimes z />s 7apo ts tn a/rn poikilias1 ,diodorus1 ,i4 #aa71 z well z ^? ( 8 pan!rs1 & ! cl\d+s ( ! tortoise-%ell ( ,h]mes1 are all significant ( ?is light ( ! sky brok5 by cl\d-%ad[4 #aef4 ,y obs]ve also t 9 all ! ?ree examples ! fawn has light on its e>s1 & face1 z well z its brea/4 ,9 ! e>lie/ ,greek draw+s ( animals1 b>s ( :ite are us$ z "o means ( deta*+ ! figures f ! gr\nd2 ord9>ily on ! "u side ( !m1 m>k+ ! light] col\r ( ! hair 9 wild animals4 ,b ! plac+ ( ?is b> ( :ite1 or ! direction ( ! face 9 deities ( light1 7! faces & fle% ( wom5 be+ always repres5t$ z :ite17 may become expressive ( ! direction ( ! light1 :5 t direction is important4 ,?us we are enabl$ at once to read ! int5tion ( ?is ,greek symbol ( ! c\rse ( a day 79 ! c5tre-piece ( ,s4 #bjh1 :i* gives y ! types ( ,h]mes74 ,at ! top y h an ar*aic repres5tation ( ,h]mes /eal+ ,io f ,argus4 ,argus is "h ! ,night2 8 grotesque features mon/r\s2 8 hair ov]%ad[+ 8 %\ld]s2 ,h]mes on tip-toe1 /eal+ ^u him & tak+ ! cord :i* is fa/5$ to ! horn ( ,io out ( 8 h& )\t 8 feel+ x4 ,!n1 und]nea?1 y h ! c\rse ( an entire day4 ,apollo fir/1 on ! left1 d>k1 ent]+ 8 *>iot1 ! sun n yet ris54 ,9 front ( him ,artemis1 z ! moon1 asc5d+ be=e him1 play+ on h] lyre1 & look+ back to ! sun4 ,9 ! c5tre1 beh9d ! horses1 ,h]mes1 z ! cumulus cl\d at mid-day1 we>+ 8 petasus height5$ to a cone1 & hold+ a fl[] 9 8 "r h&2 indicat+ ! n\ri%m5t ( ! fl[]s by ! ra9 f ! heat cl\d4 ,f9ally1 on ! "r1 ,latona1 go+ d[n z ! ev5+1 light$ f ! "r by ! sun1 n[ sunk2 & ) h] feet rev]t$1 signify+ ! reluctance ( ! dep>t+ day4 ,f9ally1 und]nea?1 y h ,h]mes ( ! ,phidian p]iod1 z ! float+ cumulus cl\d1 almo/ %apeless 7z y see him at ?is di/ance72 ) ! tortoise-%ell lyre 9 8 h&1 b>r$ ) black1 & a fleece ( :ite cl\d1 n level b oblique1 "u 8 feet4 7,comp>e ! dia tn koiln--plagiai1 & ! relations ( ! aigidos nio*os ,a?ana1 ) ! cl\ds z ! moon's mess5g]s1 9 ,ari/ophanes2 & note ( ,h]mes g5]ally1 t y nev] f9d him fly+ z a ,victory flies1 b always1 if mov+ fa/ at all1 clamb]+ along1 z x 71 z a cl\d ga!rs & heaps itself3 ! ,gorgons /ret* & /ride 9 _! flight1 half kneel+1 = ! same reason1 runn+ or glid+ %apelessly along 9 ?is /eal?y way47 #aeg4 ,& n[ take ?is la/ illu/ration1 ( a v diff]5t k9d4 ,"h is an effect ( morn+ light by ,turn] 7,s4 #cja71 on ! rocks ( ,otley-hill1 ne> ,le$s1 drawn long ago1 :5 ,apollo1 & ,artemis1 & ,a!na1 /ill sometimes 7 se51 & felt1 ev5 ne> ,le$s4 ,! orig9al draw+ is "o ( ! great ,f>nley s]ies1 & entirely beautiful4 ,i h %[n1 9 ! la/ volume ( ,mod]n ,pa9t]s1 h[ well ,turn] knew ! mean+ ( ,greek leg5ds3--he 0 n ?9k+ ( !m1 h[ev]1 :5 he made ?is design2 b1 un9t5tionally1 has giv5 u ! v effect ( morn+ light we want3 ! glitt]+ ( ! sun%9e on dewy grass1 half d>k2 & ! n>r[ gleam ( x on ! sides & head ( ! /ag & h9d4 #aeh4 ,^! few in/ances w be en\gh to %[ y h[ we may read 9 ! e>ly art ( ! ,greeks _! /rong impressions ( ! p[] ( light4 ,y w f9d ! subject ent]$ into at some:at great] l5g? 9 my ,que5 ( ! ,air2 & if y w look at ! beg9n+ ( ! #g? book ( ,plato's ,polity1 & read c>efully ! passages 9 ! context respect+ ! sun & intellectual sight1 y w see h[ intimately ?is physical love ( light 0 connect$ ) _! philosophy1 9 its se>*1 z bl9d & captive1 = bett] k4 ,i %all n attempt to def9e = y to-day ! m complex b mu* %all[] =ms :i* ?is love ( light1 & ! philosophy t accompanies x1 take 9 ! m$ival m9d2 only rememb] t 9 future1 :5 ,i briefly speak ( ! ,greek s*ool ( art ) ref]5ce to que/ions ( del9eation1 ,i mean ! entire range ( ! s*ools1 f ,hom]'s days to our own1 :i* conc]n !mselves ) ! repres5tation ( light1 & ! effects x produces on mat]ial =m--beg9n+ practically = u ) ^! ,greek vase pa9t+s1 & clos+ practically = u ) ,turn]'s sunset on ! ,tem]aire2 be+ ?r\gh\t a s*ool ( captivity & sadness1 b ( int5se p[]2 & :i* 9 its te*nical me?od ( %ad[ on mat]ial =m1 z well z 9 its ess5tial temp]1 is c5trally repres5t$ to y by ,dr]'s two great engrav+s ( ! ,mel5colia & ! ,knight & ,dea?4 ,on ! o!r h&1 :5 ,i briefly speak to y ( ! ,go?ic s*ool1 ) ref]5ce to del9eation1 ,i mean ! entire & mu* m ext5sive range ( s*ools ext5d+ f ! e>lie/ art 9 ,c5tral ,asia & ,egypt d[n to our own day 9 ,india & ,*9a3--s*ools :i* h be5 cont5t to obta9 beautiful h>monies ( col\r )\t any repres5tation ( light2 & :i* h1 _m ( !m1 re/$ 9 su* imp]fect expressions ( =m z c\ld be s obta9$2 s*ools usually 9 "s measure *ildi%1 or re/rict$ 9 intellect1 & simil>ly *ildi% or re/rict$ 9 _! philosophies or fai?s3 b cont5t$ 9 ! re/riction2 & 9 ! m p[]ful races1 capable ( advance to nobl] developm5t ?an ! ,greek s*ools1 ?\gh ! consummate art ( ,europe has only be5 accompli%$ by ! union ( bo?4 ,h[ t union 0 effect$1 ,i w endeav\r to %[ y 9 my next lecture2 to-day ,i %all take note only ( ! po9ts be>+ on our imm$iate practice4 #aei4 ,a c]ta9 numb] ( y1 by faculty & natural disposition1--& all1 s f> z y are int]e/$ 9 mod]n art1--w necess>ily h to put y\rselves "u ! discipl9e ( ! ,greek or *i>oscuro s*ool1 :i* is direct$ prim>ily to ! atta9m5t ( ! p[] ( repres5t+ =m by pure contra/ ( light & %ade4 ,i say1 ! discipl9e ( ! ,greek s*ool1 bo? because1 foll[$ fai?fully1 x is inde$ a sev]e "o1 & because to foll[ x at all is1 = p]sons fond ( col\r1 (t5 a c\rse ( pa9ful self-d5ial1 f :i* "y /ud5ts are eag] to escape4 ,& yet1 :5 ! laws ( bo? s*ools are rightly obey$1 ! mo/ p]fect discipl9e is t ( ! col\ri/s2 = !y see & draw ev]y?+1 :ile ! *i>oscuri/s mu/ leave mu* indet]m9ate 9 my/]y1 or invisible 9 gloom3 & !re are !re=e _m lic5ti\s & vulg> =ms ( art connect$ ) ! *i>oscuro s*ool1 bo? 9 pa9t+ & et*+1 :i* h no p>allel among ! col\ri/s4 ,b bo? s*ools1 rightly foll[$1 require fir/ ( all absolute accuracy ( del9eation4 ,?is y ne$ n hope to escape4 ,:e!r y fill y\r spaces ) col\rs1 or ) %ad[s1 !y mu/ equally be ( ! true outl9e & 9 true gradations4 ,i h be5 ?irty ye>s tell+ mod]n /ud5ts ( art ?is 9 va94 ,i mean to say x to y only once1 = ! /atem5t is too important to be weak5$ by repetition4 ,,)\t ,,p]fect ,,del9eation ,,( ,,=m ,,& ,,p]fect ,,gradation ,,( ,,space1 ,,nei!r ,,noble ,,col\r ,,is ,,possible1 ,,nor ,,noble ,,light4 #afj4 ,x may make ?is m believable to y if ,i put beside ea* o!r a piece ( detail f ea* s*ool4 ,i gave y ! ,/4 ,john ( ,cima da ,conegliano = a type ( ! col\r s*ool4 ,"h is my own /udy ( ! sprays ( oak :i* rise aga9/ ! sky ( x 9 ! di/ance1 enl>g$ to ab\t its real size 7,edu4 #ab74 ,i hope to draw x bett] = y at ,v5ice2 b ?is w %[ y ) :at p]fect c>e ! col\ri/ has foll[$ ! outl9e ( e leaf 9 ! sky4 ,beside1 ,i put a *i>oscuri/ draw+ 7at lea/1 a photograph ( "o71 ,dr]'s f nature1 ( ! common wild wall-cabbage 7,edu4 #cb74 ,x is ! mo/ p]fect piece ( del9eation by flat t9t ,i h ev] se51 9 its ma/]y ( ! p]spective ( e leaf1 & its atta9m5t almo/ ( ! bloom ( texture1 m]ely by its exquisitely t5d] & decisive lay+ ( ! col\r4 ,^! two examples ought1 ,i ?9k1 to satisfy y z to ! precision ( outl9e ( bo? s*ools1 & ! p[] ( expression :i* may be obta9$ by flat t9ts laid )9 su* outl9e4 #afa4 ,next1 "h are two examples ( ! gradat$ %ad+ expressive ( ! =ms )9 ! outl9e1 by two ma/]s ( ! *i>oscuro s*ool4 ,! fir/ 7,s4 #ab7 %[s y ,lion>do's me?od ( "w1 bo? ) *alk & ! silv] po9t4 ,! second 7,s4 #cjb71 ,turn]'s "w 9 mezzot9t2 bo? ma/]s do+ _! be/4 ,obs]ve t ?is plate ( ,turn]'s1 :i* he work$ on s long t x 0 nev] publi%$1 is ( a subject peculi>ly dep5d+ on effects ( my/]y & concealm5t1 ! fall ( ! ,reuss "u ! ,devil's ,bridge on ! ,/4 ,go?>d2 7! old bridge2 y may /ill see x "u ! exi/+ "o1 :i* 0 built s9ce ,turn]'s draw+ 0 made74 ,if ev] outl9e c\ld be disp5s$ )1 y w\ld ?9k x might be s 9 ?is confusion ( cl\d1 foam1 & d>kness4 ,b "h is ,turn]'s own et*+ on ! plate 7,edu4 #ce ,f71 made "u ! mezzot9t2 & ( all ! /udies ( rock outl9e made by 8 h&1 x is ! mo/ decisive & quietly complete4 #afb4 ,aga92 9 ! ,lion>do sket*es1 _m p>ts are lo/ 9 obscurity1 or are left int5tionally unc]ta9 & my/]i\s1 ev5 9 ! light1 & y might at fir/ imag9e "s p]mission ( escape _h be5 "h giv5 y f ! t]rible law ( del9eation4 ,b ! slighte/ attempts to copy !m w %[ y t ! t]m9al l9es are inimitably subtle1 unaccusably true1 & fill$ by gradations ( %ade s det]m9$ & measur$ t ! addition ( a gra9 ( ! lead or *alk z l>ge z ! filam5t ( a mo?'s w+1 w\ld make an appreciable diff]5ce 9 !m4 ,?is is griev\s1 y ?9k1 & hopeless8 ,no1 x is delightful & full ( hope3 delightful1 to see :at m>vell\s ?+s c be done by m52 & full ( hope1 if y\r hope is ! "r "o1 ( be+ "o day able to rejoice m 9 :at o!rs h done1 ?an 9 :at y c y\rself d1 & m 9 ! /r5g? t is = ev] above y1 ?an 9 t y c nev] atta94 #afc4 ,b y c atta9 mu*1 if y w "w rev]5tly & pati5tly1 & hope = no success ?r\gh ill-regulat$ ef=t4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 mo/ assur$ly at ?is po9t ( y\r /udy t ! full /ra9 on y\r pati5ce w beg94 ,! ex]cises 9 l9e-draw+ & flat lay+ ( col\r are irksome2 b !y are def9ite1 & )9 c]ta9 limits1 sure to be successful if practis$ ) mod]ate c>e4 ,b ! expression ( =m by %ad[ requires m subtle pati5ce1 & involves ! necessity ( frequ5t & mortify+ failure1 n to speak ( ! self-d5ial :i* ,i said 0 ne$ful 9 p]sons fond ( col\r1 to draw 9 m]e light & %ade4 ,if1 inde$1 y 7 go+ to be arti/s1 or c\ld give any great l5g? ( "t to /udy1 x might be possible = y to le>n :olly 9 ! ,v5etian s*ool1 & to rea* =m ?r\gh col\r4 ,b )\t ! mo/ int5se application ?is is n possible2 & practically1 x w be necess>y = y1 z soon z y h ga9$ ! p[] ( outl9+ accurately1 & ( lay+ flat col\r1 to le>n to express solid =m z %[n by light & %ade only4 ,& !re is ?is great advantage 9 do+ s1 t _m =ms are m or less disguis$ by col\r1 & t we c only repres5t !m completely to o!rs1 or rapidly & easily record !m = ourselves1 by ! use ( %ade alone4 ,a s+le in/ance w %[ y :at ,i mean4 ,p]haps !re are few fl[]s ( :i* ! impression on ! eye is m def9itely ( flat col\r1 ?an ! sc>let g]anium4 ,b y w\ld f9d1 if y 7 to try to pa9t x1--fir/1 t no pigm5t c\ld approa* ! beauty ( its sc>let2 & secondly1 t ! brightness ( ! hue dazzl$ ! eye1 & prev5t$ its foll[+ ! real arrangem5t ( ! clu/] ( fl[]s4 ,i h drawn = y "h 7at lea/ ?is is a mezzot9t f my draw+71 a s+le clu/] ( ! sc>let g]anium1 9 m]e light & %ade 7,edu4 #cb ,b471 & ,i ?9k y w feel t its dom$ =m1 & ! flat ly+ ( ! petals "o ov] ! o!r1 9 ! vault$ ro( ( x1 c be se5 bett] ?us ?an if !y _h be5 pa9t$ sc>let4 #afd4 ,also ?is /udy w be useful to y1 9 %[+ h[ entirely effects ( light dep5d on del9eation1 & gradation ( spaces1 & n on me?ods ( %ad+4 ,& ?is is ! second great practical matt] ,i want y to rememb] to-day4 ,all effects ( light & %ade dep5d n on ! me?od or execution ( %ad[s1 b on _! rightness ( place1 =m1 & dep?4 ,!re is inde$ a lovel9ess ( execution add$ to ! rightness1 by ! great ma/]s1 b y _c obta9 t unless y become "o ( !m4 ,%ad[ _c be laid ?or\ghly well1 any m ?an l9es c be drawn /eadily1 b by a long-practis$ h&1 & ! attempts to imitate ! %ad+ ( f9e draughtsm51 by dott+ & hat*+1 are j z ridicul\s z x w\ld be to endeav\r to imitate _! in/antane\s l9es by a s]ies ( re-t\*+s4 ,y w (t5 inde$ see 9 ,lion>do's "w1 & 9 ,mi*ael ,angelo's1 %ad[ wr\ght labori\sly to an extreme ( f95ess2 b :5 y look into x1 y w f9d t !y h always be5 draw+ m & m =m )9 ! space1 & nev] f9i%+ = ! sake ( add$ texture1 b ( add$ fact4 ,& all ^? effects ( transp>5cy & reflect$ light1 aim$ at 9 common *alk draw+s1 are :olly spuri\s4 ,= s9ce1 z ,i told y1 all lights are %ades comp>$ to high] lights1 & lights only z comp>$ to l[] ones1 x foll[s t !re c be no diff]5ce 9 _! quality z su*2 b t light is opaque :5 x expresses sub/ance1 & transp>5t :5 x expresses space2 & %ade is also opaque :5 x expresses sub/ance1 & transp>5t :5 x expresses space4 ,b x is n1 ev5 !n1 transp>5t 9 ! common s5se ( t ^w2 nor is its appe>ance to be obta9$ by dott+ or cross hat*+1 b by t\*es s t5d] z to look l mi/4 ,& n[ we f9d ! use ( hav+ ,lion>do = our guide4 ,he is supreme 9 all que/ions ( execution1 & 9 8 #bh? *apt]1 y w f9d t %ad[s are to be dolce e sfumose1 to be t5d]1 & look z if !y 7 exhal$1 or brea!d on ! pap]4 ,!n1 look at any ( ,mi*ael ,angelo's f9i%$ draw+s1 or ( ,correggio's sket*es1 & y w see t ! true nurse ( light is 9 art1 z 9 nature1 ! cl\d2 a mi/y & t5d] d>kness1 made lovely by gradation4 #afe4 ,& h[ absolutely indep5d5t x is ( mat]ial or me?od ( production1 h[ absolutely dep5d5t on rightness ( place & dep?1--!re are n[ be=e y in/ances en\gh to prove4 ,"h is ,dr]'s "w 9 flat col\r1 repres5t$ by ! photograph 9 its smoky br[n2 ,turn]'s1 9 wa%$ sepia1 & 9 mezzot9t2 ,lion>do's1 9 p5cil & 9 *alk2 on ! scre5 9 front ( y a l>ge /udy 9 *>coal4 ,9 e "o ( ^! draw+s1 ! mat]ial ( %ad[ is absolutely opaque4 ,b photograph-/a91 *alk1 lead1 ink1 or *>coal1--e "o ( !m1 laid by ! ma/]'s h&1 becomes full ( light by gradation only4 ,"h is a moonlight 7,edu4 #ca ,b471 9 :i* y w\ld ?9k ! moon %one ?r\gh e cl\d2 yet ! cl\ds are m]e s+le da%es ( sepia1 imitat$ by ! br[n /a9 ( a photograph2 simil>ly1 9 ^! plates f ! ,lib] ,/udiorum ! :ite pap] becomes transp>5t or opaque1 exactly z ! ma/] *ooses4 ,"h1 on ! granite rock ( ! ,/4 ,go?>d 7,s4 #cjb71 9 :ite pap] made opaque1 e light repres5ts solid bosses ( rock1 or balls ( foam4 ,b 9 ?is /udy ( twilight 7,s4 #cjc71 ! same :ite pap] 7co>se old /uff x is1 too67 is made z transp>5t z cry/al1 & e fragm5t ( x repres5ts cle> & f> away light 9 ! sky ( ev5+ 9 ,italy4 ,f all :i* ! practical conclusion = y is1 t y are nev] to tr\ble y\rselves ) any que/ions z to ! means ( %ade or light1 b only ) ! "r gov]nm5t ( ! means at y\r disposal4 ,& x is a mo/ grave error 9 ! sy/em ( _m ( our public draw+-s*ools1 t ! /ud5ts are p]mitt$ to sp5d weeks ( lab\r 9 giv+ attractive appe>ance1 by delicacy ( texture1 to *i>oscuro draw+s 9 :i* e =m is false1 & e relation ( dep?1 untrue4 ,a mo/ unhappy =m ( error2 = x n only delays1 & (t5 :olly arre/s1 _! advance 9 _! own art2 b x prev5ts :at ought to take place correlatively ) _! executive practice1 ! =mation ( _! ta/e by ! accurate /udy ( ! models f :i* !y draw4 ,& ,i mu/ s f> anticipate :at we %all discov] :5 we come to ! subject ( sculpture1 z to tell y ! two ma9 pr9ciples ( good sculpture2 fir/1 t its ma/]s ?9k be=e all o!r matt]s ( ! "r plac+ ( masses2 secondly1 t !y give life by flexure ( surface1 n by quantity ( detail2 = sculpture is inde$ only light & %ade draw+ 9 /one4 #aff4 ,mu* t ,i h endeav\r$ to tea* on ?is subject has be5 gravely misund]/ood1 by bo? "y pa9t]s & sculptors1 especially by ! latt]4 ,because ,i am always urg+ !m to imitate organic =ms1 !y ?9k if !y c>ve quantities ( fl[]s & leaves1 & copy !m f ! life1 !y h done all t is ne$$4 ,b ! difficulty is n to c>ve quantities ( leaves4 ,anybody c d t4 ,! difficulty is1 nev] any:]e to h an unnecess>y leaf4 ,ov] ! ar* on ! "r1 y see !re is a clu/] ( sev51 ) _! %ort /alks spr++ f a ?ick /em4 ,n[1 y c\ld n turn "o ( ^? leaves a hair's-bread? out ( its place1 nor ?ick5 "o ( _! /ems1 nor alt] ! angle at :i* ea* slips ov] ! next "o1 )\t spoil+ ! :ole z mu* z y w\ld a piece ( melody by miss+ a note4 ,t is disposition ( masses4 ,aga91 9 ! gr\p on ! left1 :ile ! plac+ ( e leaf is j z skilful1 !y are made m int]e/+ yet by ! lovely undulation ( _! surfaces1 s t n "o ( !m is 9 equal light ) ano!r4 ,& t is s 9 all good sculpture1 )\t exception4 ,f ! ,elg9 m>bles d[n to ! lighte/ t5dril t curls r\nd a capital 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury1 e piece ( /one t has be5 t\*$ by ! h& ( a ma/]1 becomes s(t ) "u-life1 n resembl+ nature m]ely 9 sk9-texture1 nor 9 fibres ( leaf1 or ve9s ( fle%2 b 9 ! broad1 t5d]1 unspeakably subtle undulation ( its organic =m4 #afg4 ,return+ !n to ! "q ( our own practice1 ,i believe t all difficulties 9 me?od w vani%1 if only y cultivate ) c>e en\gh ! habit ( accurate obs]vation1 & if y ?9k only ( mak+ y\r light & %ade true1 :e!r x be delicate or n4 ,b !re are ?ree divisions or degrees ( tru? to be s\ght =1 9 light & %ade1 by ?ree sev]al modes ( /udy1 :i* ,i mu/ ask y to di/+ui% c>efully4 ,i4 ,:5 objects are light$ by ! direct rays ( ! sun1 or by direct light ent]+ f a w9d[1 "o side ( !m is ( c\rse 9 light1 ! o!r 9 %ade1 & ! =ms 9 ! mass are exhibit$ sy/ematically by ! =ce ( ! rays fall+ on x2 7^? hav+ mo/ p[] ( illum9ation :i* /rike mo/ v]tically27 & note t !re is1 !re=e1 to e solid curvature ( surface1 a necess>ily proportion$ gradation ( light1 ! gradation on a p>abolic solid be+ diff]5t f ! gradation on an elliptical or sph]ical "o4 ,n[1 :5 y\r purpose is to repres5t & le>n ! anatomy1 or o!rwise *>act]i/ic =ms1 ( any object1 x is be/ to place x 9 ?is k9d ( direct light1 & to draw x z x is se5 :5 we look at x 9 a direction at "r angles to t ( ! ray4 ,?is is ! ord9>y academical way ( /udy+ =m4 ,lion>do seldom practises any o!r 9 8 real "w1 ?\gh he directs _m o!rs 9 8 treatise4 #afh4 ,! great importance ( anatomical k to ! pa9t]s ( ! sixte5? c5tury r5d]$ ?is me?od ( /udy v frequ5t ) !m2 x almo/ :olly regulat$ _! s*ools ( engrav+1 & has be5 ! mo/ frequ5t sy/em ( draw+ 9 art-s*ools s9ce 7to ! v inexp$i5t exclusion ( o!rs74 ,:5 y /udy objects 9 ?is way1--& x w inde$ be well to d s (t51 ?\gh n exclusively1--obs]ve always "o ma9 pr9ciple4 ,divide ! light f ! d>kness frankly at fir/3 all ov] ! subject let !re be no d\bt :i* is :i*4 ,sep>ate !m "o f ! o!r z !y are sep>at$ 9 ! moon1 or on ! _w itself1 9 day & night4 ,!n gradate y\r lights ) ! utmo/ subtilty possible to y2 b let y\r %ad[s alone1 until ne> ! t]m9ation ( ! draw+3 !n put quickly into !m :at f>!r en]gy !y ne$1 ?us ga9+ ! reflect$ lights out ( _! orig9al flat gloom2 b g5]ally n look+ mu* = reflect$ lights4 ,ne>ly all "y /ud5ts 7& too _m advanc$ ma/]s7 exagg]ate !m4 ,x is good to see a draw+ come out ( its gr\nd l a vision ( light only2 ! %ad[s lo/1 or disreg>d$ 9 ! vague ( space4 ,9 vulg> *i>oscuro ! %ades are s full ( reflection t !y look z if "s "o _h be5 walk+ r\nd ! object ) a c&le1 & ! /ud5t1 by t help1 pe]+ into its crannies4 #afi4 ,,ii4 ,b1 9 ! reality ( nature1 v few objects are se5 9 ?is accurately lat]al mann]1 or light$ by unconfus$ direct rays4 ,"s are all 9 %ad[1 "s all 9 light1 "s ne>1 & vigor\sly def9$2 o!rs dim & fa9t 9 a]ial di/ance4 ,! /udy ( ^! v>i\s effects & =ces ( light1 :i* we may call a]ial *i>oscuro1 is a f> m subtle "o ?an t ( ! rays exhibit+ organic =m 7:i* = di/9ction's sake we may call =mal *i>oscuro71 s9ce ! degrees ( light f ! sun itself to ! blackness ( night1 are f> beyond any lit]al imitation4 ,9 ord] to produce a m5tal impression ( ! facts1 two di/9ct me?ods may be foll[$3--! fir/1 to %ade d[nw>ds f ! lights1 mak+ ev]y?+ d>k] 9 due proportion1 until ! scale ( our p[] be+ end$1 ! mass ( ! picture is lo/ 9 %ade4 ,! second1 to assume ! po9ts ( extreme d>kness = a basis1 & to light ev]y?+ above ^! 9 due proportion1 till ! mass ( ! picture is lo/ 9 light4 #agj4 ,?us1 9 ,turn]'s sepia draw+ ,isis 7,edu4 #ca71 he beg9s ) ! extreme light 9 ! sky1 & %ades d[n f t till he is =c$ to repres5t ! ne> trees & pool z "o mass ( blackness4 ,9 8 draw+ ( ! ,greta 7,s4 #b71 he beg9s ) ! d>k br[n %ad[ ( ! bank on ! left1 & illum9ates up f t1 till1 9 8 di/ance1 trees1 hills1 sky1 & cl\ds1 are all lo/ 9 broad light1 s t y c h>dly see ! di/9ction betwe5 hills & sky4 ,! second ( ^! me?ods is 9 g5]al ! be/ = col\r1 ?\gh great pa9t]s unite bo? 9 _! practice1 accord+ to ! "* ( _! subject4 ,! fir/ me?od is nev] pursu$ 9 col\r b by inf]ior pa9t]s4 ,x is1 nev]!less1 ( great importance to make /udies ( *i>oscuro 9 ?is fir/ mann] = "s "t1 z a prep>ation = col\r+2 & ?is = _m reasons1 :i* x w\ld take too long to /ate n[4 ,i %all expect y to h confid5ce 9 me :5 ,i assure y ( ! necessity ( ?is /udy1 & ask y to make good use ( ! examples f ! ,lib] ,/udiorum :i* ,i h plac$ 9 y\r ,educational s]ies4 #aga4 ,,iii4 ,:e!r 9 =mal or a]ial *i>oscuro1 x is optional ) ! /ud5t to make ! local col\r ( objects a "p ( 8 %ad[1 or to consid] ! high lights ( e col\r z :ite4 ,= in/ance1 a *i>oscuri/ ( ,lion>do's s*ool1 draw+ a leop>d1 w\ld take no notice :atev] ( ! spots1 b only give ! %ad[s :i* express$ ! anatomy4 ,& x is inde$ necess>y to be able to d ?is1 & to make draw+s ( ! =ms ( ?+s z if !y 7 sculptur$1 & _h no col\r4 ,b 9 g5]al1 & m especially 9 ! practice :i* is to guide y to col\r1 x is bett] to reg>d ! local col\r z "p ( ! g5]al d>k & light to be imitat$2 &1 z ,i told y at fir/1 to consid] all nature m]ely z a mosaic ( diff]5t col\rs1 to be imitat$ "o by "o 9 simplicity4 ,b good arti/s v>y _! me?ods accord+ to _! subject & mat]ial4 ,9 g5]al1 ,dr] takes little acc\nt ( local col\r2 b 9 woodcuts ( armorial be>+s 7"o ) peacock's fea!rs ,i %all get = y "s day7 takes great delight 9 x2 :ile "o ( ! *ief m]its ( ,bewick is ! ease & vig\r ) :i* he uses 8 black & :ite = ! col\rs ( plumes4 ,also1 e great arti/ looks =1 & expresses1 t "* ( 8 subject :i* is be/ to be r5d]$ by ! in/rum5t 9 8 h&1 & ! mat]ial he works on4 ,give ,velasquez or ,v]onese a leop>d to pa9t1 ! fir/ ?+ !y ?9k ( w be its spots2 give x to ,dr] to engrave1 & he w set himself at ! fur & :isk]s2 give x a ,greek to c>ve1 & he w only ?9k ( its jaws & limbs2 ea* do+ :at is absolutely be/ ) ! means at 8 disposal4 #agb4 ,! details ( practice 9 ^! v>i\s me?ods ,i w endeav\r to expla9 to y by di/9ct examples 9 y\r ,educational s]ies1 z we proce$ 9 our "w2 = ! pres5t1 let me1 9 clos+1 recomm5d to y once m ) great e>ne/ness ! pati5t endeav\r to r5d] ! *i>oscuro ( l&scape 9 ! mann] ( ! ,lib] ,/udiorum2 & ?is ! r1 because y might easily suppose t ! facility ( obta9+ photographs :i* r5d] su* effects1 z x seems1 ) absolute tru? & ) unapproa*able subtilty1 sup]s$$ ! necessity ( /udy1 & ! use ( sket*+4 ,let me assure y1 once = all1 t photographs sup]s$e no s+le quality nor use ( f9e art1 & h s mu* 9 common ) ,nature1 t !y ev5 %>e h] temp] ( p>simony1 & w !mselves give y no?+ valuable t y d n "w =4 ,!y sup]s$e no good art1 = ! def9ition ( art is human lab\r regulat$ by human design1 & ?is design1 or evid5ce ( active intellect 9 *oice & arrangem5t1 is ! ess5tial "p ( ! "w2 :i* s long z y _c p]ceive1 y p]ceive no art :atsoev]2 :i* :5 once y d p]ceive1 y w p]ceive also to be replaceable by no me*anism4 ,b1 f>!r1 photographs w give y no?+ y d n "w =4 ,!y are invaluable = record ( "s k9ds ( facts1 & = giv+ transcripts ( draw+s by great ma/]s2 b nei!r 9 ! photograph$ sc5e1 nor photograph$ draw+1 w y see any true good1 m ?an 9 ! ?+s !mselves1 until y h giv5 ! appo9t$ price 9 y\r own att5tion & toil4 ,& :5 once y h paid ?is price1 y w n c>e = photographs ( l&scape4 ,!y are n true1 ?\gh !y seem s4 ,!y are m]ely spoil$ nature4 ,if x is n human design y are look+ =1 !re is m beauty 9 ! next wayside bank ?an 9 all ! sun-black5$ pap] y c\ld collect 9 a lifetime4 ,g & look at ! real l&scape1 & take c>e ( x2 d n ?9k y c get ! good ( x 9 a black /a9 portable 9 a folio4 ,b if y c>e = human ?\ght & passion1 !n le>n y\rselves to wat* ! c\rse & fall ( ! light by ^: influ5ce y live1 & to %>e 9 ! joy ( human spirits 9 ! heav5ly gifts ( sunbeam & %ade4 ,= ,i tell y truly1 t to a quiet he>t1 & heal?y bra91 & indu/ri\s h&1 !re is m delight1 & use1 9 ! dappl+ ( "o wood-glade ) fl[]s & sun%9e1 ?an to ! re/less1 he>tless1 & idle c\ld be br\ght by a panorama ( a belt ( ! _w1 photograph$ r\nd ! equator4 ,,lecture ,,vii ,,col\r #agc4 ,to-day ,i mu/ try to complete our elem5t>y sket* ( s*ools ( art1 by trac+ ! c\rse ( ^? :i* 7 di/+ui%$ by faculty ( col\r1 & aft]w>ds to d$uce f ! entire s*eme advisable me?ods ( imm$iate practice4 ,y rememb] t1 = ! type ( ! e>ly s*ools ( col\r1 ,i *ose _! "w 9 glass2 z = t ( ! e>ly s*ools ( *i>oscuro1 ,i *ose _! "w 9 clay4 ,i _h two reasons = ?is4 ,fir/1 t ! peculi> skill ( col\ri/s is se5 mo/ intelligibly 9 _! "w 9 glass or 9 enamel2 secondly1 t ,nature h]self produces all h] lovelie/ col\rs 9 "s k9d ( solid or liquid glass or cry/al4 ,! ra9b[ is pa9t$ on a %[] ( melt$ glass1 & ! col\rs ( ! opal are produc$ 9 vitre\s fl9t mix$ ) wat]2 ! gre5 & blue1 & gold5 or amb] br[n ( fl[+ wat] is 9 surface glassy1 & 9 motion spl5didior vitro4 ,& ! lovelie/ col\rs ev] grant$ to human sight--^? ( morn+ & ev5+ cl\ds be=e or aft] ra9--are produc$ on m9ute p>ticles ( f9ely-divid$ wat]1 or p]haps sometimes ice4 ,b m ?an ?is4 ,if y exam9e ) a l5s "s ( ! ri*e/ col\rs ( fl[]s1 z1 = in/ance1 ^? ( ! g5tian & dian?us1 y w f9d _! texture is produc$ by a cry/all9e or sug>y fro/-"w ^u !m4 ,9 ! ly*nis ( ! high ,alps1 ! r$ & :ite h a k9d ( sug>y bloom1 z ri* z x is delicate4 ,x is indescribable2 b if y c fancy v p[d]y & cry/all9e sn[ mix$ ) ! s(te/ cream1 & !n da%$ ) c>m9e1 x may give y "s idea ( ! look ( x4 ,!re are no col\rs1 ei!r 9 ! nacre ( %ells1 or ! plumes ( birds & insects1 :i* are s pure z ^? ( cl\ds1 opal1 or fl[]s2 b ! =ce ( purple & blue 9 "s butt]flies1 & ! me?ods ( cl\d+1 & /r5g? ( burni%$ lu/re1 9 plumage l ! peacock's1 give !m m univ]sal int]e/2 9 "s birds1 also1 z 9 our own k+fi%]1 ! col\r ne>ly rea*es a floral preci\sness4 ,! lu/re 9 mo/1 h[ev]1 is metallic r ?an vitre\s2 & ! vitre\s always gives ! pure/ hue4 ,entirely common & vulg> comp>$ ) ^!1 yet to be notic$ z complet+ ! cry/all9e or vitre\s sy/em1 we h ! col\rs ( gems4 ,! gre5 ( ! em]ald is ! be/ ( ^!2 b at its be/ is z vulg> z h\se-pa9t+ beside ! gre5 ( bird's plumage or ( cle> wat]4 ,no diamond %[s col\r s pure z a dewdrop2 ! ruby is l ! p9k ( an ill-dy$ & half-wa%$-out pr9t1 comp>$ to ! dian?us2 & ! c>buncle is usually q dead unless set ) a foil1 & ev5 !n is n pretti] ?an ! se$ ( a pomegranate4 ,! opal is1 h[ev]1 an exception4 ,:5 pure & uncut 9 its native rock1 x pres5ts ! mo/ lovely col\rs t c be se5 9 ! _w1 except ^? ( cl\ds4 ,we h ?us 9 nature1 *iefly obta9$ by cry/all9e conditions1 a s]ies ( gr\ps ( entirely delici\s hues2 & x is "o ( ! be/ signs t ! bodily sy/em is 9 a heal?y /ate :5 we c see ^! cle>ly 9 _! mo/ delicate t9ts1 & enjoy !m fully & simply1 ) ! k9d ( enjoym5t t *ildr5 h 9 eat+ sweet ?+s4 #agd4 ,n[1 ! c\rse ( our ma9 col\r s*ools is briefly ?is3--,fir/ we h1 return+ to our hexagonal s*eme1 l9e2 !n spaces fill$ ) pure col\r2 & !n masses express$ or r\nd$ ) pure col\r4 ,& dur+ ^! two /ages ! ma/]s ( col\r delight 9 ! pure/ t9ts1 & endeav\r z f> z possible to rival ^? ( opals & fl[]s4 ,9 say+ ! pure/ t9ts1 ,i d n mean ! simple/ types ( r$1 blue1 & yell[1 b ! mo/ pure t9ts obta9able by _! comb9ations4 #age4 ,y rememb] ,i told y1 :5 ! col\ri/s pa9t$ masses or project+ spaces1 !y1 aim+ always at col\r1 p]ceiv$ f ! fir/ & held to ! la/ ! fact t %ad[s1 ?\gh ( c\rse d>k] ?an ! lights ) ref]5ce to :i* !y are %ad[s1 are n !re=e necess>ily less vigor\s col\rs1 b p]haps m vigor\s4 ,"s ( ! mo/ beautiful blues & purples 9 nature1 = in/ance1 are ^? ( m\nta9s 9 %ad[ aga9/ amb] sky2 & ! d>kness ( ! holl[ 9 ! c5tre ( a wild rose is "o gl[ ( orange fire1 ow+ to ! quantity ( its yell[ /am5s4 ,well1 ! ,v5etians always saw ?is1 & all great col\ri/s see x1 & are ?us sep>at$ f ! non-col\ri/s or s*ools ( m]e *i>oscuro1 n by diff]5ce 9 /yle m]ely1 b by be+ "r :ile ! o!rs are wrong4 ,x is an absolute fact t %ad[s are z mu* col\rs z lights are2 & :oev] repres5ts !m by m]ely ! subdu$ or d>k5$ t9t ( ! light1 repres5ts !m falsely4 ,i p>ticul>ly want y to obs]ve t ?is is no matt] ( ta/e1 b fact4 ,if y are especially sob]-m9d$1 y may inde$ *oose sob] col\rs :]e ,v5etians w\ld h *os5 gay ones2 t is a matt] ( ta/e2 y may ?9k x prop] = a h]o to we> a dress )\t patt]ns on x1 r ?an an embroid]$ "o2 t is simil>ly a matt] ( ta/e3 b1 ?\gh y may also ?9k x w\ld be dignifi$ = a h]o's limbs to be all black1 or br[n1 on ! %ad$ side ( !m1 yet1 if y are us+ col\r at all1 y _c s h him to y\r m9d1 except by falsehood2 he nev]1 "u any circum/ances1 c\ld be entirely black or br[n on "o side ( him4 #agf4 ,9 ?is1 !n1 ! ,v5etians are sep>ate f o!r s*ools by rightness1 & !y are s to _! la/ days4 ,v5etian pa9t+ is 9 ?is matt] always "r4 ,b also1 9 _! e>ly days1 ! col\ri/s are sep>at$ f o!r s*ools by _! cont5tm5t ) tranquil *e]fulness ( light3 by _! nev] want+ to be dazzl$4 ,none ( _! lights are fla%+ or bl9d+2 !y are s(t1 w9n+1 preci\s2 lights ( pe>l1 n ( lime3 only1 y "k1 on ?is condition !y _c h sun%9e3 _! day is ! day ( ,p>adise2 !y ne$ no c&le1 nei!r light ( ! sun1 9 _! cities2 & ev]y?+ is se5 cle>1 z ?r\gh cry/al1 f> or ne>4 ,?is holds to ! end ( ! fifte5? c5tury4 ,!n !y beg9 to see t ?is1 beautiful z x may be1 is /ill a make-believe light2 t we d n live 9 ! inside ( a pe>l2 b 9 an atmosph]e ?r\gh :i* a burn+ sun %9es ?w>t$ly1 & ov] :i* a sorr[ful night mu/ f> prevail4 ,& !n ! *i>oscuri/s succe$ 9 p]suad+ !m ( ! fact t !re is a my/]y 9 ! day z 9 ! night1 & %[ !m h[ con/antly to see truly1 is to see dimly4 ,& also !y tea* !m ! brilliancy ( light1 & ! degree 9 :i* x is rais$ f ! d>kness2 & in/ead ( _! sweet & pe>ly peace1 tempt !m to look = ! /r5g? ( flame & coruscation ( lightn+1 & fla% ( sun%9e on arm\r & on po9ts ( spe>s4 #agg4 ,! noble pa9t]s take ! lesson nobly1 alike = gloom or flame4 ,titian ) delib]ate /r5g?1 ,t9toret ) /ormy passion1 read x1 side by side4 ,titian deep5s ! hues ( 8 ,assumption1 z ( 8 ,entombm5t1 into a solemn twilight2 ,t9toret involves 8 e>? 9 coils ( volcanic cl\d1 & )draws1 ?r\gh circle flam+ above circle1 ! di/ant light ( ,p>adise4 ,bo? ( !m1 becom+ naturali/ & human1 add ! v]acity ( ,holbe9's int5se portraiture to ! gl[ & dignity !y _h !mselves inh]it$ f ! ,ma/]s ( ,peace3 at ! same mom5t ano!r1 z /rong z !y1 & 9 pure felicity ( art-faculty1 ev5 great] ?an !y1 b tra9$ 9 a l[] s*ool1--,velasquez1--produc$ ! miracles ( col\r & %ad[-pa9t+1 :i* made ,reynolds say ( him1 ,:at we all d ) lab\r1 he does ) ease2 & "o m1 ,correggio1 unit+ ! s5sual elem5t ( ! ,greek s*ools ) _! gloom1 & _! light ) _! beauty1 & all ^! ) ! ,lomb>dic col\r1 became1 z s9ce ,i ?9k x has be5 admitt$ )\t "q1 ! capta9 ( ! pa9t]'s art z su*4 ,o!r m5 h nobl] or m num]\s gifts1 b z a pa9t]1 ma/] ( ! art ( lay+ col\r s z to be lovely1 ,correggio is alone4 #agh4 ,i said ! noble m5 le>n$ _! lesson nobly4 ,! base m5 also1 & necess>ily1 le>n x basely4 ,! great m5 rise f col\r to sunlight4 ,! base ones fall f col\r to c&lelight4 ,to-day1 non ragioniam di lor1 b let u see :at ?is great *ange :i* p]fects ! art ( pa9t+ ma9ly consi/s 91 & means4 ,= ?\gh we are only at pres5t speak+ ( te*nical matt]s1 e "o ( !m1 ,i c sc>cely too (t5 repeat1 is ! outcome & sign ( a m5tal "*1 & y c only und]/& ! folds ( ! veil1 by ^? ( ! =m x veils4 #agi4 ,! complete pa9t]s1 we f9d1 h br\ght dimness & my/]y into _! me?od ( col\r+4 ,t means t ! _w all r\nd !m has resolv$ to dream1 or to believe1 no m2 b to "k1 & to see4 ,& in/antly all k & sight are giv51 no m z 9 ! ,go?ic times1 ?r\gh a w9d[ ( glass1 brightly1 b z ?r\gh a telescope-glass1 d>kly4 ,y\r ca!dral w9d[ %ut y f ! true sky1 & illum9$ y ) a vision2 y\r telescope leads y to ! sky1 b d>k5s its light1 & reveals nebula beyond nebula1 f> & f>!r1 & to no conceivable f>!/--unresolvable4 ,t is :at ! my/]y means4 #ahj4 ,next1 :at does t ,greek opposition ( black & :ite mean8 ,9 ! sweet cry/all9e "t ( col\r1 ! pa9t]s1 :e!r on glass or canvas1 employ$ intricate patt]ns1 9 ord] to m+le hues beautifully ) ea* o!r1 & make "o p]fect melody ( !m all4 ,b 9 ! great naturali/ s*ool1 !y l _! patt]ns to come 9 ! ,greek way1 da%$ d>k on light1--gleam+ light out ( d>k4 ,t means also t ! _w r\nd !m has aga9 return$ to ! ,greek conviction1 t all nature1 especially human nature1 is n entirely melodi\s nor lum9\s2 b a b>r$ & brok5 ?+3 t sa9ts h _! foibles1 s9n]s _! =ces2 t ! mo/ lum9\s virtue is (t5 only a fla%1 & ! blacke/-look+ fault is sometimes only a /a93 &1 )\t confus+ 9 ! lea/ black ) :ite1 !y c =give1 or ev5 take delight 9 ?+s t are l ! ,greek3 nebris1 dappl$4 #aha4 ,y h !n--fir/1 my/]y4 ,secondly1 opposition ( d>k & light4 ,!n1 la/ly1 :atev] tru? ( =m ! d>k & light c %[4 ,t is to say1 tru? altoge!r1 & resignation to x1 & quiet resolve to make ! be/ ( x4 ,& !re=e portraiture ( liv+ m51 wom51 & *ildr51--no m ( sa9ts1 *]ubs1 or demons4 ,s "h ,i h br\ght = y\r /&>ds ( p]fect art1 a little maid5 ( ! ,/rozzi family1 ) h] dog1 by ,titian2 & a little pr9cess ( ! h\se ( ,savoy1 by ,v&yke2 & ,*>les ! ,fif?1 by ,titian2 & a que51 by ,velasquez2 & an ,engli% girl 9 a brocad$ g[n1 by ,reynolds2 & an ,engli% physician 9 8 pla9 coat1 & wig1 by ,reynolds3 & if y d n l !m1 ,i _c help myself1 = ,i c f9d no?+ bett] = y4 #ahb4 ,bett]8--,i mu/ pause at ! ^w4 ,no?+ /rong]1 c]ta9ly1 nor s /rong4 ,no?+ s wond]ful1 s inimitable1 s ke5 9 unprejudic$ & unbiass$ sight4 ,yet bett]1 p]haps1 ! sight t 0 guid$ by a sacr$ w2 ! p[] t c\ld be taught to weak] h&s2 ! "w t 0 faultless1 ?\gh n inimitable1 bright ) felicity ( he>t1 & consummate 9 a discipl9$ & companionable skill4 ,y w f9d1 :5 ,i c place 9 y\r h&s ! notes on ,v]ona1 :i* ,i read at ! ,royal ,in/itution1 t ,i h v5tur$ to call ! ra ( pa9t+ repres5t$ by ,john ,bell9i1 ! "t ( ! ,ma/]s4 ,truly !y des]v$ ! "n1 :o did no?+ b :at 0 lovely1 & taught only :at 0 "r4 ,^! mighti]1 :o succe$$ !m1 cr[n$1 b clos$1 ! dyna/ies ( art1 & s9ce _! day1 pa9t+ has nev] fl\ri%$ m4 #ahc4 ,!re 7 _m reasons = ?is1 )\t fault ( !irs4 ,!y 7 expon5ts1 9 ! fir/ place1 ( ! *ange 9 all m5's m9ds f civil & religi\s to m]ely dome/ic passion2 ! love ( _! gods & _! c\ntry _h contract$ itself n[ into t ( _! dome/ic circle1 :i* 0 little m ?an ! halo ( !mselves4 ,y w see ! reflection ( ?is *ange 9 pa9t+ at once by comp>+ ! two ,madonnas 7,s4 #cg1 ,john ,bell9i's1 & ,raphael's1 call$ della ,seggiola74 ,bell9i's ,madonna c>es = all creatures ?r\gh h] *ild2 ,raphael's1 = h] *ild only4 ,aga91 ! _w r\nd ^! pa9t]s _h become sad & pr\d1 in/ead ( happy & humble2--its dome/ic peace 0 d>k5$ by irreligion1 its national action fev]$ by pride4 ,& = sign ( its ,love1 ! ,hym51 ^: /atue ?is fair ,engli% girl1 accord+ to ,reynolds' ?\ght1 has to decorate 7,s4 #dc71 is bl9d1 & holds a coronet4 ,aga91 9 ! spl5did p[] ( realisation1 :i* ^! greate/ ( arti/s _h rea*$1 !re 0 ! lat5t possibility ( amusem5t by deception1 & ( excitem5t by s5sualism4 ,& ,dut* trick]ies ( base resemblance1 & ,fr5* fancies ( insidi\s beauty1 soon occupi$ ! eyes ( ! populace ( ,europe1 too re/less & wret*$ n[ to c>e = ! sweet e>?-b]ries & ,madonna's ivy ( ,cima1 & too ignoble to p]ceive ,titian's col\r1 or ,correggio's %ade4 #ahd4 ,en\gh s\rces ( evil 7 "h1 9 ! temp] & p[] ( ! consummate art4 ,9 its practical me?ods !re 0 ano!r1 ! fatalle/ ( all4 ,^! great arti/s br\ght ) !m my/]y1 despond5cy1 dome/icity1 s5suality3 ( all ^!1 good came1 z well z evil4 ,"o ?+ m !y br\ght1 ( :i* no?+ b evil ev] comes1 or c come--,,lib]ty4 ,by ! discipl9e ( five hundr$ ye>s !y _h le>n$ & inh]it$ su* p[]1 t :]eas all =m] pa9t]s c\ld be "r only by ef=t1 !y c\ld be "r ) ease2 & :]eas all =m] pa9t]s c\ld be "r only "u re/ra9t1 !y c\ld be "r1 free4 ,t9toret's t\*1 ,lu9i's1 ,correggio's1 ,reynolds'1 & ,velasquez's1 are all z free z ! air1 & yet "r4 ,h[ v f9e6 said ev]ybody4 ,unque/ionably1 v f9e4 ,next1 said ev]ybody1 ,:at a gr& discov]y6 ,"h is ! f9e/ "w ev] done1 & x is q free4 ,let u all be free !n1 & :at f9e ?+s %all we n d also6 ,) :at results we too well "k4 ,nev]!less1 rememb] y are to delight 9 ! fre$om won by ^! mighty m5 ?r\gh ob$i5ce1 ?\gh y are n to covet x4 ,obey1 & y also %all be free 9 "t2 b 9 ^! m9or ?+s1 z well z 9 great1 x is only "r s]vice :i* is p]fect fre$om4 #ahe4 ,?is1 broadly1 is ! hi/ory ( ! e>ly & late col\r-s*ools4 ,! fir/ ( ^! ,i %all call g5]ally1 h5ce=w>d1 ! s*ool ( cry/al2 ! o!r t ( clay3 pott]'s clay1 or human1 are too sorr[fully ! same1 z f> z art is conc]n$4 ,b rememb]1 9 practice1 y _c foll[ bo? ^! s*ools2 y mu/ di/9ctly adopt ! pr9ciples ( "o or ! o!r4 ,i w put ! means ( foll[+ ei!r )9 y\r rea*2 & accord+ to y\r dispositions y w *oose "o or ! o!r3 all ,i h to gu>d y aga9/ is ! mi/ake ( ?9k+ y c unite ! two4 ,if y want to pa9t 7ev5 9 ! mo/ di/ant & feeble way7 9 ! ,greek ,s*ool1 ! s*ool ( ,lion>do1 ,correggio1 & ,turn]1 y _c design col\r$ w9d[s1 nor ,angelican p>adises4 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 y *oose to live 9 ! peace ( p>adise1 y _c %>e 9 ! gloomy triumphs ( ! e>?4 #ahf4 ,&1 incid5tally note1 z a practical matt] ( imm$iate importance1 t pa9t$ w9d[s h no?+ to d ) *i>oscuro4#ad ,! virtue ( glass is to be transp>5t ev]y:]e4 ,if y c>e to build a palace ( jewels1 pa9t$ glass is ri*] ?an all ! treasures ( ,aladd9's lamp2 b if y l pictures bett] ?an jewels1 y mu/ come into broad daylight to pa9t !m4 ,a picture 9 col\r$ glass is "o ( ! mo/ vulg> ( b>b>isms1 & only fit to be rank$ ) ! gauze transp>5cies & *emical illum9ations ( ! s5sational /age4 ,footnote #ad3 ,!re is noble *i>oscuro 9 ! v>iations ( _! col\r1 b n z repres5tative ( solid =m4 ,also1 put out ( y\r m9ds at once all "q ab\t difficulty ( gett+ col\r2 9 glass we h all ! col\rs t are want$1 only we d n "k ei!r h[ to *oose1 or h[ to connect !m2 & we are always try+ to get !m bright1 :5 _! real virtues are to be deep1 my/]i\s1 & subdu$4 ,we w h a ?or\gh /udy ( pa9t$ glass soon3 mean :ile ,i m]ely give y a type ( its p]fect /yle1 9 two w9d[s f ,*alons-sur-,m>ne 7,s4 #ada74 #ahg4 ,b = my own "p1 ) :at poor gift & skill is 9 me1 ,i belong :olly to ! *i>oscuri/ s*ool2 & %all tea* y !re=e *iefly t :i* ,i am be/ able to tea*3 & ! r1 t x is only 9 ?is s*ool t y c foll[ out ! /udy ei!r ( natural hi/ory or l&scape4 ,! =m ( a wild animal1 or ! wra? ( a m\nta9 torr5t1 w\ld bo? be revolt+ 7or 9 a c]ta9 s5se invisible7 to ! calm fantasy ( a pa9t] 9 ! s*ools ( cry/al4 ,he mu/ lay 8 lion asleep 9 ,/4 ,j]ome's /udy beside 8 tame p>tridge & easy slipp]s2 lead ! appeas$ riv] by alt]nate azure promontories1 & re/ra9 its c\rtly little /reamlets ) m>g9s ( m>ble4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 y\r /udies ( my?ology & lit]ature may be/ be connect$ ) ^! s*ools ( pure/ & calme/ imag9ation2 & _! discipl9e w be useful to y 9 yet ano!r direction1 & t a v important "o4 ,x w tea* y to take delight 9 little ?+s1 & develop 9 y ! joy :i* all m5 %\ld feel 9 purity & ord]1 n only 9 pictures b 9 reality4 ,=1 inde$1 ! be/ art ( ?is s*ool ( fantasy may at la/ be 9 reality1 & ! *i>oscuri/s1 true 9 ideal1 may be less helpful 9 act4 ,we _c arre/ sunsets nor c>ve m\nta9s1 b we may turn e ,engli% home/ead1 if we *oose1 into a picture by ,cima or ,john ,bell9i1 :i* %all be no c\nt]feit1 b ! true & p]fect image ( life inde$4 #ahh4 ,= ! pres5t1 h[ev]1 & yet = "s little "t dur+ y\r progress1 y w n h to *oose y\r s*ool4 ,= bo?1 z we h se51 beg9 9 del9eation1 & bo? proce$ by fill+ flat spaces ) an ev5 t9t4 ,& !re=e ?is foll[+ w be ! c\rse ( "w = y1 f\nd$ on all t we h se54 ,hav+ le>n$ to measure1 & draw a p5 l9e ) "s /ead9ess 7! geometrical ex]cises = ?is purpose be+ prop]ly s*ool1 n ,univ]sity "w71 y %all h a s]ies ( /udies f ! plants :i* are ( *ief importance 9 ! hi/ory ( art2 fir/ f _! real =ms1 & !n f ! conv5tional & h]aldic expressions ( !m2 !n we w take examples ( ! fill+ ( ornam5tal =ms ) flat col\r 9 ,egyptian1 ,greek1 & ,go?ic design2 & !n we w advance to animal =ms treat$ 9 ! same sev]e way1 & s to ! patt]ns & col\r designs on animals !mselves4 ,& :5 we are sure ( our firmness ( h& & accuracy ( eye1 we w g on into light & %ade4 #ahi4 ,9 process ( "t1 ?is s]ies ( ex]cises w1 ,i hope1 be suffici5tly complete & sy/ematic to %[ its purpose at a glance4 ,b dur+ ! pres5t ye>1 ,i %all cont5t myself ) plac+ a few examples ( ^! diff]5t k9ds ( practice 9 y\r rooms = "w1 expla9+ 9 ! catalogue ! position !y w ultimately occupy1 & ! te*nical po9ts ( process into :i* x is useless to ent] 9 a g5]al lecture4 ,aft] a little "t sp5t 9 copy+ ^!1 y\r own pr$ilections mu/ det]m9e y\r future c\rse ( /udy2 only rememb]1 :atev] s*ool y foll[1 x mu/ be only to le>n me?od1 n to imitate result1 & to acqua9t y\rself ) ! m9ds ( o!r m51 b n to adopt !m z y\r own4 ,be assur$ t no good c come ( our "w b z x arises simply out ( our own true natures1 & ! necessities ( ! "t ar\nd u1 ?\gh 9 _m respects an evil "o4 ,we live 9 an age ( base conceit & bas] s]vility--an age ^: intellect is *iefly =m$ by pillage1 & occupi$ 9 desecration2 "o day mimick+1 ! next de/roy+1 ! works ( all ! noble p]sons :o made its intellectual or art life possible to x3--an age )\t hone/ confid5ce en\gh 9 itself to c>ve a *]ry-/one ) an orig9al fancy1 b ) insol5ce en\gh to aboli% ! sol> sy/em1 if x 7 all[$ to m$dle ) x4#ae ,9 ! mid/ ( all ?is1 y h to become l[ly & /rong2 to recognise ! p[]s ( o!rs & to fulfil y\r own4 ,i %all try to br+ be=e y e =m ( anci5t art1 t y may read & pr(it by x1 n imitate x4 ,y %all draw ,egyptian k+s dress$ 9 col\rs l ! ra9b[1 & ,doric gods1 & ,runic mon/]s1 & ,go?ic monks--n t y may draw l ,egyptians or ,norsem51 nor yield y\rselves passively to be b\nd by ! devotion1 or inspir$ by ! passion ( ! pa/1 b t y may "k truly :at o!r m5 h felt dur+ _! poor span ( life2 & op5 y\r own he>ts to :at ! heav5s & e>? may h to tell y 9 y\rs4 ,footnote #ae3 ,e day ^! bitt] words become m sorr[fully true 7,septemb]1 #ahhg74 #aij4 ,9 clos+ ?is fir/ c\rse ( lectures1 ,i h "o ^w m to say respect+ ! possible consequ5ce ( ! introduction ( art among ! /udies ( ! ,univ]sity4 ,:at art may d = s*ol>%ip1 ,i h no "r to conjecture2 b :at s*ol>%ip may d = art1 ,i may 9 all mode/y tell y4 ,hi!rto1 great arti/s1 ?\gh always g5tlem51 h yet be5 too exclusively craftsm54 ,art has be5 less ?\ghtful ?an we suppose2 x has taught mu*1 b err$ mu*1 also4 ,_m ( ! greate/ pictures are enigmas2 o!rs1 beautiful toys2 o!rs1 h>mful & corrupt+ en*antm5ts4 ,9 ! lovelie/1 !re is some?+ weak2 9 ! greate/1 !re is some?+ guilty4 ,& ?is1 g5tlem51 if y w1 is ! new ?+ t may come to pass1--t ! s*ol>s ( ,engl& may resolve to tea* also ) ! sil5t p[] ( ! arts2 & t "s among y may s le>n & use !m1 t pictures may be pa9t$ :i* %all n be enigmas any m1 b op5 tea*+s ( :at c no o!rwise be s well %[n2--:i* %all n be fev]$ or brok5 visions any m1 b fill$ ) ! indwell+ light ( self-possess$ imag9ation2--:i* %all n be /a9$ or enfeebl$ any m by evil passion1 b glori\s ) ! /r5g? & *a/ity ( noble human love2--& :i* %all no m degrade or disguise ! "w ( ,god 9 heav51 b te/ify ( ,him z "h dwell+ ) m51 & walk+ ) !m1 n angry1 9 ! g>d5 ( ! e>?4