---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,raemaekers' ,,cartoons ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,illustration3 7,transcriber's note3 a signed ,portrait of ,louis ,raemaekers7 ,photograph by ,miss ,d4 ,compton ,collier ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,raemaekers' ,,cartoons ,,with ,,accompanying ,,notes ,,by ,,well-,,known ,,english ,,writers ,,with ,,an ,,appreciation ,,from ,h4 ,h4 ,,asquith1 ,,prime ,,minister ,,of ,,england ,,garden ,,city ,,new ,,york ,,doubleday1 ,,page ,,company #aiaf ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,copyright1 #aiaf1 by ,,doubleday1 ,,page ,,company ,all rights reserved1 including that of translation into foreign languages1 including the ,scandinavian4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,list ,,of ,,cartoons ,,and ,,the ,,descriptive ,,notes ,,page ,,portrait ,,of ,,louis ,,raemaekers ,,introduction ,francis ,stopford ,,an ,,appreciation ,,from ,,the ,,prime ,,minister ,h4 ,h4 ,asquith ,,christendom ,,after ,,twenty ,,centuries ,francis ,stopford #h ,a ,,stable ,,peace ,eden ,phillpotts #aj ,,the ,,massacre ,,of ,,the ,,innocents ,e4 ,charles ,vivian #ab ,,bernhardiism ,hilaire ,belloc #ad ,,from ,,liege ,,to ,,aix-,,la-,,chapelle ,francis ,stopford #af ,,spoils ,,for ,,the ,,victors ,hilaire ,belloc #ah ,,the ,,very ,,stones ,,cry ,,out ,bernard ,vaughan1 ,s4 ,j4 #bj ,,satan',s ,,partner ,g4 ,k4 ,chesterton #bb ,,thrown ,,to ,,the ,,swine ,the ,dean of ,st4 ,paul's #bd ,,the ,,land ,,mine ,herbert ,warren #bf ,,for ,,your ,,motherland ,eden ,phillpotts #bh ,,the ,,german ,,loan ,e4 ,charles ,vivian #cj ,,europe1 #aiaf ,g4 ,k4 ,chesterton #cb ,,the ,,next ,,to ,,be ,,kicked ,,out--,,dumba',s ,,master ,arthur ,pollen #cd ,,the ,,friendly ,,visitor ,h4 ,de,vere ,stacpoole #cf ,,to ,,your ,,health1 ,,civilization6 ,the ,dean of ,st4 ,paul's #ch ,,fox ,,tirpitz ,,preaching ,,to ,,the ,,geese ,herbert ,warren #dj ,,the ,,prisoners ,eden ,phillpotts #db ,,it',s ,,unbelievable ,hilaire ,belloc #dd ,,kreuzland1 ,,kreuzland ,ue,b,e,r ,,alles ,the ,dean of ,st4 ,paul's #ch ,,the ,,ex-,,convict ,hilaire ,belloc #dh ,,miss ,,cavell ,g4 ,k4 ,chesterton #ej ,,the ,,hostages ,john ,oxenham #eb ,,king ,,albert',s ,,answer ,,to ,,the ,,pope ,e4 ,charles ,vivian #ed ,,the ,,gas ,,fiend ,eden ,phillpotts #ef ,,the ,,german ,,tango ,john ,buchan #eh ,,the ,,zeppelin ,,triumph ,w4 ,l4 ,courtney #fj ,,keeping ,,out ,,the ,,enemy ,h4 ,de,vere ,stacpoole #fb ,,the ,,german ,,offer ,hilaire ,belloc #fd ,,the ,,wolf ,,trap ,herbert ,warren #ff ,,ahasuerus ,,ii ,john ,buchan #fh ,,our ,,candid ,,friend ,the ,dean of ,st4 ,paul's #gj ,,peace ,,and ,,intervention ,boyd ,cable #gb ,,little ,,red ,,riding ,,hood ,h4 ,de,vere ,stacpoole #gd ,,the ,,sea ,,mine ,arthur ,pollen #gf ,,seduction ,g4 ,k4 ,chesterton #gh ,,murder ,,on ,,the ,,high ,,seas ,arthur ,pollen #hj ,,ad ,,finem ,john ,oxenham #hb ,u',s ,arthur ,pollen #hd ,,mater ,,dolorosa ,eden ,phillpotts #hf ,,gott ,,strafe ,,italien6 ,ralph ,d4 ,blumenfeld #hh ,,serbia ,sir ,sidney ,lee #ij ,,just ,a ,,moment--,i',m ,,coming ,boyd ,cable #ib ,,the ,,holy ,,war ,boyd ,cable #id ,,gott ,,mit ,,uns ,eden ,phillpotts #if ,,the ,,widows ,,of ,,belgium ,the ,dean of ,st4 ,paul's #ih ,,the ,,harvest ,,is ,,ripe ,william ,mitchell ,ramsay #ajj ,,unmasked ,boyd ,cable #ajb ,,the ,,great ,,surprise ,g4 ,k4 ,chesterton #ajd ,,thou ,,art ,,the ,,man6 ,john ,oxenham #ajf ,,sympathy ,ralph ,d4 ,blumenfeld #ajh ,,the ,,refugees ,joseph ,thorp #aaj ,,the ,,junker ,clive ,holland #aab ,,au ,,milieu ,,de ,,fantomes ,,tristes ,,et ,,sans ,,nombre ,alice ,meynell #aad ,,bluebeard',s ,,chamber ,william ,mitchell ,ramsay #aaf ,,the ,,raid ,arthur ,pollen #aah ,,better ,a ,,living ,,dog ,,than ,a ,,dead ,,lion ,arthur ,shadwell #abj ,,the ,,burden ,,of ,,the ,,intolerable ,,day ,william ,mitchell ,ramsay #abb ,,eagle ,,in ,,hen-,,run ,boyd ,cable #abd ,,the ,,future ,sidney ,lee #abf ,,christ ,,or ,,odin8 ,bernard ,vaughan #abh ,,ferdinand ,edmund ,gosse #acj ,,juggernaut ,john ,oxenham #acb ,,michael ,,and ,,the ,,marks ,w4 ,m4 ,j4 ,williams #acd ,,their ,,beresina ,john ,oxenham #acf ,,new ,,peace ,,offers ,w4 ,l4 ,courtney #ach ,,the ,,shields ,,of ,,rosselaere ,william ,mitchell ,ramsay #adj ,,the ,,obstinacy ,,of ,,nicholas ,joseph ,thorp #adb ,,the ,,order ,,of ,,merit ,ralph ,d4 ,blumenfeld #add ,,the ,,marshes ,,of ,,pinsk ,alice ,meynell #adf ,,god ,,with ,,us ,john ,buchan #adh ,,ferdinand ,,the ,,chameleon ,g4 ,k4 ,chesterton #aej ,,the ,,latin ,,sisters ,horace ,annesley ,vachell #aeb ,,misunderstood ,joseph ,thorp #aed ,,prosperity ,,reigns ,,in ,,flanders ,cecil ,chesterton #aef ,,the ,,last ,,hohenzollern ,e4 ,charles ,vivian #aeh ,,piracy ,arthur ,pollen #afj ,,weeping1 ,,she ,,hath ,,wept ,father ,bernard ,vaughan #afb ,,military ,,necessity ,eden ,phillpotts #afd ,,liberte6 ,,liberte1 ,,cherie6 ,john ,oxenham #aff ,i--,a ,,knavish ,,piece ,,of ,,work ,george ,birdwood #afh ,,ii--,,sisyphus1--,,his ,,stone ,george ,birdwood #agj ,,concrete ,,foundations ,a4 ,shadwell #agb ,,pallas ,,athene ,herbert ,warner #agd ,,the ,,wonders ,,of ,,culture ,clive ,holland #agf ,,folk ,,who ,,do ,,not ,,understand ,,them ,bernard ,vaughan #agh ,,on ,,the ,,way ,,to ,,calais ,eden ,phillpotts #ahj ,,von ,,bethmann-,,hollweg ,,and ,,truth ,herbert ,warren #ahb ,,van ,,tromp ,,and ,,de ,,ruyter ,arthur ,pollen #ahd ,,war ,,and ,,christ ,cecil ,chesterton #ahf ,,barbed ,,wire ,e4 ,charles ,vivian #ahh ,,the ,,higher ,,politics ,boyd ,cable #aij ,,the ,,loan ,,game ,w4 ,m4 ,j4 ,williams #aib ,a ,,war ,,of ,,rapine ,e4 ,charles ,vivian #aid ,,the ,,dutch ,,junkers ,a4 ,shadwell #aif ,,the ,,war ,,makers ,john ,oxenham #aih ,,the ,,christmas ,,of ,,kultur ,a4 ,shadwell #bjj ,,serbia ,horace ,annesley ,vachell #bjb ,,the ,,last ,,of ,,the ,,race ,arthur ,pollen #bjd ,,the ,,curriculum ,w4 ,m4 ,j4 ,williams #bjf ,,the ,,dutch ,,journalist ,,to ,,his ,,belgian ,,confrere ,g4 ,k4 ,chesterton #bjh ,a ,,bored ,,critic ,eden ,phillpotts #baj ,,the ,,peace ,,woman ,clive ,holland #bab ,,the ,,self-,,satisfied ,,burgher ,w4 ,l4 ,courtney #bad ,,the ,,decadent ,john ,oxenham #baf ,,liquid ,,fire ,clive ,holland #bah ,,nish ,,and ,,paris ,sidney ,lee #bbj ,,gott ,,strafe ,,england6 ,cecil ,chesterton #bbb ,,the ,,pacificist ,,kaiser ,sidney ,lee #bbd ,,dinant ,w4 ,r4 ,inge #bbf ,,hesperia 7,,wounded ,,first7 ,h4 ,de,vere ,stacpoole #bbh ,,gallipoli ,g4 ,k4 ,chesterton #bcj ,,the ,,beginning ,,of ,,the ,,expiation ,g4 ,k4 ,chesterton #bcb ,,the ,,shirkers ,sidney ,lee #bcd ,,one ,,of ,,the ,,kaiser',s ,,many ,,mistakes ,john ,oxenham #bcf ,,belgium ,,in ,,holland ,edmund ,gosse #bch ,,serbia ,william ,mitchell ,ramsay #bdj ,,jackals ,,in ,,the ,,political ,,field ,herbert ,warren #bdb ,a ,,letter ,,from ,,the ,,german ,,trenches ,cecil ,chesterton #bdd ,,his ,,master',s ,,voice ,a4 ,shadwell #bdf ,,hun ,,generosity ,horace ,annesley ,vachell #bdh ,,easter1 #aiae ,g4 ,k4 ,chesterton #bej ,,pan ,,germanicus ,,as ,,peace ,,maker ,alfred ,stead #beb ,,gott ,,mit ,,uns ,cecil ,chesterton #bed ,,our ,,lady ,,of ,,antwerp ,w4 ,l4 ,courtney #bef ,,deportation ,cecil ,chesterton #beh ,,the ,,german ,,band ,john ,oxenham #bfj ,,arcades ,,ambo ,horace ,annesley ,vachell #bfb ,,is ,,it ,,you1 ,,mother8 ,sidney ,lee #bfd ,,the ,,fate ,,of ,,flemish ,,art ,,at ,,the ,,hands ,,of ,,kultur ,arthur ,morrison #bff ,,the ,,graves ,,of ,,all ,,his ,,hopes ,h4 ,de,vere ,stacpoole #bfh ,,my ,,sixth ,,son ,,is ,,now ,,lying ,,here--,,where ,,are ,,yours8 ,h4 ,de,vere ,stacpoole #bgj ,,bunkered ,w4 ,r4 ,inge #bgb ,,gott ,,strafe ,,verdun ,w4 ,r4 ,inge #bgd ,,the ,,last ,,throw ,e4 ,charles ,vivian #bgf ,,the ,,zeppelin ,,bag ,clive ,holland #bgh ,,come ,,in1 ,,michael1 ,i ,,have ,,had ,a ,,long ,,sleep ,horace ,annesley ,vachell #bhj ,,five ,,on ,a ,,bench ,g4 ,k4 ,chesterton #bhb ,,what ,,about ,,peace1 ,,lads8 ,w4 ,r4 ,inge #bhd ,,the ,,liberators ,joseph ,thorp #bhf ,,tom ,,thumb ,,and ,,the ,,giant ,e4 ,charles ,vivian #bhh ,,we ,,have ,,finished ,,off ,,the ,,russians ,e4 ,charles ,vivian #bij ,,muddle ,,through ,clive ,holland #bib ,,my ,,enemy ,,is ,,my ,,best ,,friend ,william ,mitchell ,ramsay #bid ,,how ,i ,,deal ,,with ,,the ,,small ,,fry ,clive ,holland #bif ,,the ,,two ,,eagles ,a4 ,shadwell #bih ,,london ,,inside ,,the ,,savoy ,e4 ,charles ,vivian #cjj ,,london ,,outside ,,the ,,savoy ,e4 ,charles ,vivian #cjb ,,the ,,invocation ,a4 ,shadwell #cjd ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,introduction ,louis ,raemaekers will stand out for all time as one of the supreme figures which the ,great ,war has called into being4 ,his genius has been enlisted in the service of mankind1 and his work1 being entirely sincere and untouched by racial or national prejudice1 will endure2 indeed1 it promises to gain strength as the years advance4 ,when the intense passions1 which have been awakened by this world struggle1 have faded away1 civilization will regard the war largely through these wonderful drawings4 99 99 99 99 99 ,before the war had been in progress many weeks the cartoons in the ,amsterdam ,telegraaf attracted attention in the capitals of ,europe1 many leading newspapers reproducing them4 ,the ,german authorities1 quick to realize their full significance1 did all in their power to suppress them4 ,through ,german intrigue ,raemaekers has been charged in the ,dutch ,courts with endangering the neutrality of ,holland--and acquitted4 ,a price has been set on his head1 should he ever venture over the border4 ,when he crossed to ,england1 his wife received anonymous post-cards1 warning her that his ship would certainly be torpedoed in the ,north ,sea4 ,the ,cologne ,gazette1 in a leading article on ,holland1 threatens that country that after the ,war ,germany will settle accounts with ,holland1 and for each calumny1 for each cartoon of ,raemaekers1 she will demand payment with the interest that is due to her4 ,not since ,saul and the men of ,israel were in the valley of ,elah fighting with the ,philistines has so unexpected a champion arisen4 ,with brush and pencil this ,dutch painter will do even as ,david did with the smooth stone out of the brook3 he will destroy the braggart ,goliath1 who1 strong in his own might1 defies the forces of the living ,god4 ,when ,mr4 ,raemaekers came to ,london in ,december1 he was received by the ,prime ,minister1 and was entertained at a complimentary luncheon by the ,journalists of the ,british capital4 ,similar honour was conferred on him on his second visit4 ,he was the guest of honour at the ,savage ,club2 the ,royal ,society of ,miniature ,painters elected him an ,honorary ,member4 ,but it has been left to ,france to pay the most fitting recognition to his genius and to his services in the cause of freedom and truth4 ,the ,cross of the ,legion of ,honour has been presented to him1 and on his visit to ,paris this month a special reception is to be held in his honour at ,la ,sorbonne1 which is the highest purely intellectual reward ,europe can confer on any man4 99 99 99 99 99 ,the great ,dutch cartoonist is now in his forty-seventh year4 ,he was born in ,holland1 his father1 who is dead1 having been the editor of a provincial newspaper4 ,his mother1 who is still alive and exceedingly proud of her son's fame1 is a ,german by birth1 but rejoices that she married a ,dutchman4 ,mr4 ,raemaekers1 who is short1 fair1 and of a ruddy countenance1 looks at least ten years younger than his age4 ,he took up painting and drawing when quite young and learnt his art in ,holland and in ,brussels4 ,all his life he has lived in his own country1 but with frequent visits to ,belgium and ,germany1 where1 through his mother1 he has many relations4 ,thus he knows by experience the nature of the peoples whom he depicts4 ,for many years he was a landscape painter and a portrait painter1 and made money and local reputation4 ,six or seven years ago he turned his attention to political work1 and became a cartoonist and caricaturist on the staff of the ,amsterdam ,telegraaf1 thus opening the way to a fame which is not only world-wide but which will endure as long as the memory of the ,great ,war lasts4 ,his ideas come to him naturally and without effort4 ,suggestions do not assist him2 they hinder him when he endeavours to act on them4 ,he is an artist to his finger-tips and throws the whole force of his being into his work4 ,some years ago he married a ,dutch lady1 who is devoted to music1 and they have three children1 two girls and a boy 7the youngest72 the eldest is now twelve4 ,very happy in his home1 ,mr4 ,raemaekers has no ambitions outside it1 except to go on with his work4 ,a ,teuton paper has declared that ,raemaekers' cartoons are worth at least two ,army ,corps to the ,allies4 ,the strong religious tendency which so often distinguishes his work makes one instinctively ask to what ,church does the artist belong4 ,he replies that he belongs to none1 but was brought up a ,catholic1 and his wife a ,protestant1 and the differences which in later life severed each from their early teaching caused them to meet on common ground4 ,but the intense ,christian feeling of these drawings is beyond cavil or dispute3 they again and again bring home to the heart the vital truths of the ,faith with irresistible force1 and the artist ever expresses the ,christianity1 not perhaps of the theologian1 but of the honest and kindly man of the world4 ,praise has been bestowed upon his work by several ,german papers--qualified praise4 ,the ,leipziger ,volkszeitung has declared that ,raemaekers' cartoons show unimpeachable art and great power of execution1 but that they all lack one thing4 ,they have no wit1 no spirit4 ,which is true--in a sense4 ,they do lack wit--,german wit2 they do lack spirit--,german spirit4 ,and what ,german wit and ,german spirit may be one can comprehend by a study of ,raemaekers' cartoons4 99 99 99 99 99 ,it has been well said that no man living amidst these surging seas of blood and tears has come nearer to the role of ,peacemaker than ,raemaekers4 ,the ,peace which he works for is not a matter of arrangement between diplomatists and politicians3 it is the peace which the intelligence and the soul of the ,western world shall insist on in the years to be4 ,god grant it be not long delayed1 but it can only come when the enemy is entirely overthrown and the victory is overwhelming and complete4 ,empire ,house1 ,,francis ,,stopford1 ,kingsway1 ,london4 ,editor1 ,land and ,water4 ,february1 #aiaf4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,an ,,appreciation ,,from ,,the ,,prime ,,minister ,downing ,street1 ,whitehall1 ,s4 ,w4 ,mr4 ,raemaekers' powerful work gives form and colour to the menace which the ,allies are averting from the liberty1 the civilization1 and the humanity of the future4 ,he shows us our enemies as they appear to the unbiassed eyes of a neutral1 and wherever his pictures are seen determination will be strengthened to tolerate no end of the war save the final overthrow of the ,prussian military power4 ,signed ,h4 ,h4 ,,asquith4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,christendom ,,after ,,twenty ,,centuries ,these pictures1 with their haunting sense of beauty and their biting satire1 might almost have been drawn by the finger of the ,accusing ,angel4 ,as the spectator gazes on them the full weight of the horrible cruelty and senseless futility of war overwhelms the soul1 and1 sinking helplessly beneath it1 he feels inclined to assume the same attitude of despair as is shown in ,christendom ,after ,twenty ,centuries4 ,war is war1 the ,germans preached and practised1 and no matter how clement and correct may be the humanity of the ,allies1 we realize through these pictures what the human race has to face and endure once peace be broken4 ,is ,christendom ,after ,twenty ,centuries to be even as ,christianity was in the first century--an excuse for the perpetration of mad cruelties by degenerate ,caesars or ,kaisers 7spell it as you will7 at their games8 ,cannot the higher and finer attributes of mankind be developed and strengthened without this apparently needless waste of agony and life8 ,is human nature only to be redeemed through the ,cross1 and must ,calvary bear again and again its heavy load of human anguish8 ,one cannot escape from this inner questioning as one gazes on ,raemaekers' cartoons4 ,,francis ,,stopford4 ,illustration3 ,,christendom ,,after ,,twenty ,,centuries ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,a ,,stable ,,peace ,were ,i privileged to have a hand at the ,peace ,conference1 my cooperation would take the part of deeds and ,i should only ask to hang the walls of the council chamber with life-size reproductions of ,raemaekers in blood-red frames4 ,for human memory is weak1 and as mind of man cannot grasp the meaning of a million1 so may it well fail to keep steadily before itself the measure of ,belgium--the rape and murder1 the pillage and plunder1 the pretences under which perished women and priests and children1 the brutal tyranny--the left hand that beckoned in friendly fashion1 the right hand1 hidden with the steel4 ,we can very safely leave ,france to remember ,northern ,france and ,russia not to forget ,poland2 but let ,belgium and ,serbia be at the front of the ,british mind and conscience2 let her lift her eyes to these scorching pictures when ,germany fights with all her cunning for a peace that shall leave ,prussia scotched1 not killed4 ,already one reads despondent articles1 that the ,english tradition1 to forgive and forget1 is going to wreck the peace2 and students of psychology fear that within us lie ineradicable qualities that will save the situation for ,germany at the end4 ,to suspect such a national weakness is surely to arm against it and see that our contribution to the ,peace ,conference shall not stultify our contribution to the ,war4 ,the ,germans have been kite-flying for six months1 to see which way the wind blows2 and when the steady hurricane broke the strings and flung the kites headlong to earth1 those who sent them up were sufficiently proclaimed by their haste to disclaim4 ,but when the actual conditions are created and the new ,scrap of ,paper comes to light1 since ,german honour is dead and her oath in her own sight worthless1 let it be worthless in our sight also1 and let the terms of peace preclude her power to perjure herself again4 ,make her honest by depriving her of the strength to be dishonest4 ,there is only one thing on earth the ,german will ever respect1 and that is superior force4 ,may ,berlin1 therefore1 see an army of occupation2 and may peace be a word banished from every ,allied tongue until that preliminary condition of peace is accomplished1 and ,germany sees other armies than her own4 ,reason has been denied speech in this war2 but if she is similarly banished from the company of the peace-makers1 then woe betide the constitution of the thing they will create1 for a stable peace must be the very last desire of those now doomed to defeat4 ,,eden ,,phillpotts4 ,illustration3 ,a ,,stable ,,peace ,,the ,,kaiser3 ,and remember1 if they do not accept1 ,i deny altogether4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,massacre ,,of ,,the ,,innocents ,some neutrals1 and even some of the people here in ,england1 still doubt the reality of the ,german atrocities in ,belgium1 but ,raemaekers has seen and spoken with those to whom the scene depicted in this cartoon is an ugly reality4 ,one who would understand it to the full must visualize the hands behind the thrusting rifle butts1 and the faces behind the hands1 as well as the praying1 maddened1 despairing1 vengeful women of the picture--and must visualize1 too1 the men thrust back another way1 to wait their fate at the hands of these apostles of a civilization of force4 ,yet even then full realization is impossible2 the man whose pencil has limned these faces has only caught a far-off echo of the reality1 and thus we who see his picture are yet another stage removed from the full horror of the scene that he gives us4 ,not on us1 in ,england1 have the rifle butts fallen2 not for us has it chanced that we should be shepherded men to the right1 women to the left2 not ours the trenched graves and the extremity of shame4 ,thus it is not for us to speak1 as the people of ,belgium and ,northern ,france will speak1 of the limits of endurance1 and of war's last terrors imposed on those whom war should have passed by and left untouched4 ,we gather1 dimly and with but a tithe of the feeling that experience can impart1 that these extremities of shame and suffering have been imposed on a people that has done no wrong1 and we may gain some slight satisfaction from the thought that to this nation is apportioned a share in the work of vengeance on the criminals4 ,e4 ,,charles ,,vivian4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,massacre ,,of ,,the ,,innocents ,we must do everything in good order--so men to the right1 women to the left4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,bernhardiism ,it is the most bestial part of this most bestial thing that it is calculated and a matter of orders4 ,the private soldier takes his share of the loot1 and is generally the instrument of the cold and ordered killing2 but it is the officer-class which most profits in goods1 and it is the higher command which dictates the policy4 ,it was so in #ahgj4 ,it is much more so to-day4 ,this note of calculation is particularly to be seen in the fluctuations through which that policy has passed4 ,when the enemy was absolutely certain of victory1 outnumbering the invader by nearly two to one and sweeping all before him1 we had massacres upon massacres3 ,louvain1 ,aerschot1 the wholesale butchery of ,dinant1 the ,lorraine villages 7and in particular the hell of ,guebervilliers74 ,even at the very extremity of his tide of invasion1 and in the last days of it1 came the atrocities and destruction of ,sermaize4 ,in the very act of the defeat which has pinned him and began the process of his destruction he was attempting yet a further repetition of these unnameable things at ,senlis under the very gates of ,paris4 ,then came the months when he felt less secure4 ,the whole thing was at once toned down by order4 ,pillage was reduced to isolated cases1 and murder also4 ,few children suffered4 ,a recovery of confidence throughout his ,eastern successes last summer renewed the crimes4 ,poland is full of them1 and the ,serbian land as well4 ,in general1 you have throughout these months of his ordeal a regular succession1 of excess in vileness when he is confident1 of restraint in it when he is touched by fear4 ,this effect of fear upon the dull soul is a characteristic familiar to all men who know their ,prussian from history1 particularly the wealthier governing classes of ,prussia4 ,it is a characteristic which those who are in authority during this war will do well to bear in mind4 ,properly used1 that knowledge may be made an instrument of victory4 ,,hilaire ,,belloc4 ,illustration3 ,,bernhardiism ,it's all right4 ,if ,i hadn't done it some one else might4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,from ,,liege ,,to ,,aix-,,la-,,chapelle ,moreover1 by the means of ,wisdom ,i shall obtain immortality1 and leave behind me an everlasting memorial to them that come after me4 ,i shall set the people in order1 and the nations shall be subject unto me4 ,horrible tyrants shall be afraid1 when they do but hear of me2 ,i shall be found good among the multitude1 and valiant in war4 7,wisdom viii4 #ac1 #ad1 #ae47 99 99 99 99 99 ,wisdom and ,wisdom alone could have painted this terrible picture the most terrible perhaps which ,raemaekers has ever done and yet the simplest4 ,that he should have dared to leave almost everything to the imagination of the beholder is evidence of the wonderful power which he exercises over the mind of the people4 ,each of us knows what is in that goods-van and we shudder at its hideous hidden freight1 fearing lest it may be disclosed before our eyes4 ,wisdom is but another name for supreme genius4 ,so apposite are the verses which are quoted here from ,the ,wisdom of ,solomon in the ,apocrypha that they seem almost to have been written on ,louis ,raemaekers4 ,moreover1 this picture brings home to all of us in the most forcible manner possible the full reality of the horror of war4 ,,francis ,,stopford4 ,illustration3 ,,from ,,liege ,,to ,,aix-,,la-,,chapelle ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,spoils ,,for ,,the ,,victors ,the feature that will stamp ,prussian ,war forever1 and make this group of campaigns stand out from all others1 is the character of its murder and pillage4 ,of all the historical ignorance upon which the foolish ,pacifist's case is founded1 perhaps the worst is the conception that these abominations are the natural accompaniment of war4 ,they have attached to war when war was ill organised in type4 ,but the more subject to rule it has become1 the more men have gloried in arms1 the more they have believed the high trade of soldier to be a pride1 the more have they eliminated the pillage of the civilian and the slaughter of the innocent from its actions4 ,those things belong to violent passion and to lack of reason4 ,modern war and the chivalric tradition scorned them4 ,the edges of the ,germanies have1 in the past1 been touched by the chivalric tradition3 ,prussia never4 ,that noblest inheritance of ,christendom never reached out so far into the wilds4 ,and to ,germany1 now wholly ,prussianized--which will kill us or which we shall kill--soldier is no high thing1 nor is their any meaning attached to the word ,glorious4 ,war is for that ,state a business3 a business only to be undertaken with profit against what is certainly weaker2 to be undertaken without faith and with a cruelty in proportion to that weakness4 ,in particular it must be a terror to women1 to children1 and to the aged--for these remain unarmed4 ,this country alone of the original alliance has been spared pillage4 ,it has not been spared murder4 ,but this country1 though the process has perhaps been more gradual than elsewhere1 is very vividly alive to-day to what would necessarily follow the presence of ,german soldiery upon ,english land4 ,,hilaire ,,belloc4 ,illustration3 ,,spoils ,,for ,,the ,,victors ,we must despoil ,belgium if only to make room for our own culture4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,very ,,stones ,,cry ,,out ,if the highly organized enemy with whom we are at grips in a life-and-death struggle would only play the war game in accordance with the rules drawn up by civilized peoples1 he would1 indeed1 command our admiration no less than our respect4 ,never on this earth was there such a splendid fighting machine as that made in ,germany4 ,the armies against us are the last word in discipline1 fitness1 and equipment2 and are led by men who1 born in barracks1 weaned on munitions1 have but one aim and end in view ,world-,dominion or ,downfall4 ,as a matter of fact1 instead of winning our admiration they have drawn our detestation4 ,not content with brushing aside all international laws of warfare1 they have trampled upon every law1 human and divine1 standing in their way of conquest4 ,indeed1 ,germany's method of fighting would disgrace the savages of ,central ,africa4 ,prussianized ,germany has the monopoly of frightfulness4 ,when not frightful1 ,prussian troopers are not living down to the instructions of their ,war-lords to leave the conquered with nothing but eyes to weep with4 ,not content to crucify ,canadians1 murder priests1 violate nuns1 mishandle women1 and bayonet children1 the enemy torpedoes civilian-carrying liners1 and bombs ,red ,cross hospitals4 ,more1 sinning against posterity as well as antiquity1 ,germans stand charged before man and ,god with reducing to ashes some of the finest artistic output of ,christian civilization4 ,when accused of crimes such as these1 ,germany answers through her generals3 ,the commonest1 ugliest stone put to mark the burial-place of a ,german grenadier is a more glorious and venerable monument than all the cathedrals of ,europe put together 7,general von ,disfurth in ,hamburger ,nachrichten74 ,thus is fulfilled the well-known prophecy of ,heine3 ',when once that restraining talisman1 the ,cross1 is broken 444 ,thor1 with his colossal hammer1 will leap up1 and with it shatter into fragments the ,gothic cathedrals' 7,religion and ,philosophy in ,germany in the ,nineteenth ,century74 ,what1 ,i ask1 can you do with such people but either crush or civilize them8 ,the very stones cry out against them4 ,,bernard ,,vaughan1 ,s4,j4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,very ,,stones ,,cry ,,out ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,satan',s ,,partner ,the cartoon bears the quotation from ,bernhardi ,war is as divine as eating and drinking4 ,yes2 and ,german war is as divine as ,german eating and drinking4 ,any one who has been in a ,german restaurant during that mammoth midday meal which generally precedes a sleep akin to a hibernation1 will understand how the same strange barbarous solemnity has ruined all the real romance of war4 ,there is no way of conveying the distinction1 except by saying vaguely that there is a way of doing things1 and that butchering is not necessary to a good army any more than gobbling is necessary to a good dinner4 ,in our own insular shorthand it can be1 insufficiently and narrowly but not unprofitably1 expressed by saying that it is possible both to fight and to eat like a gentleman4 ,it is therefore highly significant that ,mr4 ,raemaekers has in this cartoon conceived the devil primarily as a kind of ogre4 ,it is a matter of great interest that this ,dutch man of genius1 like that other genius whose pencil war has turned into a sword1 ,will ,dyson1 lends in the presence of ,prussia 7which has been for many moderns their first glimpse of absolute or positive evil7 to depriving the devil of all that moonshine of dignity which sentimental sceptics have given him4 ,evil does not mean dignity1 any more than it means any other good thing4 ,the stronger caricaturists have1 in a sense1 fallen back on the medieval devil2 not because he is more mystical1 but because he is more material4 ,the face of ,raemaekers' ,satan1 with its lifted jowl and bared teeth1 has less of the half-truth of cynicism than of mere ignominious greed4 ,the armies are spread out for him as a banquet2 and the war which he praises1 and which was really spread for him in ,flanders1 is not a ,crusade but a cannibal feast4 ,g4 ,k4 ,,chesterton4 ,illustration3 ,,satan',s ,,partner ,,bernhardi3 ,war is as divine as eating and drinking4 ,,satan3 ,here is a partner for me4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,thrown ,,to ,,the ,,swine ,the ,germans have committed many more indefensible crimes than the military execution of the kind-hearted nurse who had helped war-prisoners to escape4 ,they have murdered hundreds of women who had committed no offence whatever against their military rules4 ,but though not the worst of their misdeeds1 this has probably been the stupidest4 ,it gained us almost as many recruits as the sinking of the ,lusitania1 and it made the whole world understand--what is unhappily the truth--that the ,german is wholly destitute of chivalry4 ,he knows indeed that people of other nations are affected by this sentiment2 but he despises them for it4 ,woman is the weaker vessel2 and therefore1 according to his code1 she must be taught to know her place1 which is to cook and sew1 and produce cannon-fodder for the ,government4 ,readers of ,schopenhauer and ,nietzsche will remember the advice given by those philosophers for the treatment of women4 ,nietzsche recommends a whip4 ,it never occurred to ,german officialdom that the pedantic condemnation of one obscure woman1 guilty by the letter of their law1 would stir the heart of ,england and ,america to the depths1 and steel our soldiers to further efforts against an enemy whose moral unlikeness to ourselves becomes more apparent with every new phase in the struggle4 ,,the ,,dean ,,of ,,st4 ,,paul',s4 ,illustration3 ,,thrown ,,to ,,the ,,swine ,the ,martyred ,nurse ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,land ,,mine ,what does this cartoon suggest8 ,i am asked and ,i ask myself4 ,at first very little1 almost nothing1 only uninteresting1 ugly death1 gloomy1 ghastly1 dismal1 but dull and largely featureless1 blank and negative4 ,has the artist's power failed him8 ,no1 it is strongly drawn4 ,has his inspiration8 ,what does it mean8 ,is it indeed meant8 ,as ,i gaze and pore on it longer1 ,i seem to see that it is just in this blank negation that its strength and its suggestion lie4 ,it is meant4 ,it has meaning4 ,a blast has passed over this place1 and this is its sequel1 its derelict rubbish4 ,it is death unredeemed1 death with no very positive suggestion1 with no hint of heroism1 none of heroic action1 little even of heroic passion2 just death1 helpless1 hopeless1 pointing to nothing but decomposition1 decay1 disappearance1 aneantissement1 reduction of the fair frame of life to nothingness4 ,that is the peculiar horror of this war4 ,were the picture1 as it well might be1 even more hideous1 and did it suggest something more definite1 a story of struggle1 say1 recorded in contortion1 or by wounds and weapons1 it might be better4 ,but men killed by machines1 men killed by natural forces unnaturally employed1 are indeed a fact and a spectacle squalid1 sorry1 unutterably sad4 ,all wars have been horrible1 but modern wars are more in extremes4 ,heroism is there1 but not always4 ,it is possible only in patches4 ,there is much of the mere sacrifice of numbers4 ,strictly1 there are scenes far worse than this1 for death unredeemed is not the worst of sufferings or of ills4 ,but few are sadder4 ,this is indeed war made by those who hold it and will it to be not a sport1 but a science4 ,there is no sport here4 ,men killed like this are like men killed by plague or the eruption of a volcano4 ,and1 indeed1 what else are they8 ,they are victims of a diseased humanity of the eruption--literal and metaphorical--of its hidden fires4 ,and wars will grow more and more like this4 ,what can stop them and banish these scenes8 ,only the hate of hate1 only the love that can redeem even such a sight as this when at last we remember that it is for love's sake only that flesh and blood are in the last retort content to endure it4 ,,herbert ,,warren4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,land ,,mine ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,for ,,your ,,motherland ,england's your ,mother6 ,let your life acclaim ,her precious heart's blood flowing in your heart2 ,take ye the thunder of her solemn name ,upon your lips with reverence2 play your part ,by word and deed ,to shield and speed ,the far-flung splendour of her ancient fame4 ,england's your ,mother6 ,shall not you1 her child1 ,quicken the everlasting fires that glow ,upon your birthright's altar8 ,england smiled ,beside your cradle1 trusting you to show1 ,with manhood's might1 ,the undying light ,that points the road her free-born spirits go4 ,england's your ,mother6 ,man1 forget it not ,wherever on the wide-wayed earth your fate ,calls you to labour2 whatsoe'er your lot-- ,in service1 or in power1 in stress or state-- ,whate'er betide1 ,with humble pride1 ,remember6 ,by your ,mother you are great4 ,england's your ,mother6 ,what though dark the day ,above the storm-swept frontier that you tread8 ,her vanished children throng the glorious way2 ,a myriad legions of her living dead ,those starry trains ,that shared your pains ,shall set their crown of light upon your head4 ,england's your ,mother6 ,when the race is run ,and you are called to leave your life and die1 ,small matter what is lost1 so this be won3 ,an after-glow of blessed memory1 ,gracious and pure1 ,in witness sure ,england was this man's ,mother3 he1 her son4 ,,eden ,,phillpotts4 ,illustration3 ,,my ,,son1 ,,go ,,and ,,fight ,,for ,,your ,,motherland6 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,german ,,loan ,the bubble is very nicely balanced1 for ,german kultur1 which is in reality but another word for system or organization1 rather than that which ,english-speaking people understand by culture1 has built up a system of internal credit that shall ensure the correct balance of the bubble--for just as long as the militarist policy of ,germany can endure the strain of war4 ,but money alone is not sufficient for victory2 the peasant hard put to it to suppress his laugh1 and the crowned ,germania that built up the paper pedestal of the bubble1 needed many other things to make that pedestal secure2 there was needed integrity1 and the respect of neighbouring nations1 and the understanding of other points of view beside the doctrine of force1 and liberty instead of coercion of a whole nation1 and many other things that the older civilizations of ,europe have accepted as parts of their code of life--the things this new1 upstart ,germany has not had time to learn4 ,thus1 with the paper credit--and even with the gold reserve of which ,germany has boasted1 the pedestal is but paper4 ,and the winds that blow from the flooded1 corpse-strewn districts of the ,yser1 from ,artois1 from ,champagne and the ,vosges hills and forests1 and from the long1 long line of ,russia's grim defences--these winds shall blow it away1 leaving a nation bankrupt not only in money1 but in the power to coerce1 in the power to inspire fear1 and in all those things out of which the ,hohenzollern dynasty has built up the last empire of force4 ,e4 ,,charles ,,vivian4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,german ,,loan ,don't breathe on the bubble or the whole will collapse4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,europe1 #aiaf ,there are some ,english critics who have not yet considered so simple a thing as that the case against horrors must be horrible4 ,in this respect alone this publication of the work of the distinguished foreign cartoonist is a thing for our attention and enlightenment4 ,it is the whole point of the awful experience which has to-day swallowed up all our smaller experiences1 that we are in any case confronted with the abominable2 and the most beautiful thing we can hope to show is only an abomination of it4 ,nevertheless1 there is horror and horror4 ,the distinction between brute exaggeration and artistic emphasis could hardly be better studied than in ,mr4 ,raemaekers' cartoon1 and the use he makes of the very ancient symbol of the wheel4 ,europe is represented as dragged and broken upon the wheel as in the old torture2 but the wheel is that of a modern cannon1 so that the dim background can be filled in with the suggestion of a wholly modern machinery4 ,this is a very true satire2 for there are many scientific persons who seem to be quite reconciled to the crushing of humanity by a vague mechanical environment in which there are wheels within wheels4 ,but the inner restraint of the artist is suggested in the treatment of the torment itself2 which is suggested by a certain rending drag in the garments1 while the limbs are limp and the head almost somnolent4 ,she does not strive nor cry2 neither is her voice heard in the streets4 ,the artist had not to draw pain but to draw despair2 and while the pain is old enough the particular despair is modern4 ,the victim racked for a creed could at least cry ,i am converted4 ,but here even the terms of surrender are unknowable2 and she can only ask ,am ,i civilized8 ,g4 ,k4 ,,chesterton4 ,illustration3 ,,europe1 #aiaf ,am ,i not yet sufficiently civilized8 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,next ,,to ,,be ,,kicked ,,out--,,dumba',s ,,master ,uncle ,sam is no longer the simple ,new ,england farmer of a century ago4 ,he is rich beyond calculation4 ,his family is more numerous than that of any ,european country save ,russia4 ,his interests are world-wide1 his trade tremendous1 his industry complex1 his finance fabulous4 ,above all1 his family is no longer of one race4 ,the hatreds of ,europe are not echoed in his house2 they are shared and reverberate through his corridors4 ,it is difficult1 then1 for him to take the simple views of right and wrong1 of justice and humanity1 that he took a century ago4 ,he is tempted to balance a hundred sophistries against the principles of freedom and good faith that yet burn strongly within him4 ,he is driven to temporize with the evil thing he hates1 because he fears1 if he does not1 that his household will be split1 and thus the greater evil befall him4 ,but those that personify the evil may goad him once too often4 ,dumba the lesser criminal--as also the less dexterous--has betrayed himself and is expelled4 ,when will ,bernstorff's turn come8 ,that it will come1 indeed must come1 is self-evident4 ,the artist sees things too clearly as they are not to see also what they will be4 ,he therefore skips the ignoble interlude of prevarication1 quibble1 and intrigue1 and gives us ,uncle ,sam happy at last in his recovered simplicity4 ,so we see him here1 enjoying himself1 as only a white man can1 in a wholehearted spurning of lies1 cruelty1 and murder4 ,note that ,bernstorff--the victim of a gesture fortunately rare amongst gentlemen--is already in full flight through the air1 while ,uncle ,sam's left foot has still fifteen inches to travel4 ,the promise of an added velocity indicates that the flight of the unmasked diplomatist will be far4 ,the sketched vista of descending steps gives us the satisfaction of knowing that the drop at the end will be deep4 ,every muscle of our sinewy relative is tense1 limp1 and projectile--the mouthpiece of ,prussia goes to his inevitable end4 ,there is no need of a sequel to show him shattered and crumpled at the bottom of the stairway4 ,,arthur ,,pollen4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,next ,,to ,,be ,,kicked ,,out--,,dumba',s ,,master ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,friendly ,,visitor ,raemaekers is never false1 and he never works for effect alone4 ,that is what makes him so terrible to the people he criticises1 and so effective4 ,when he wants to depict the sturdy ,dutch soul he draws a sturdy ,dutch ,body--ready to defend her home4 ,no flags1 no highfalutin1 no symbolical figure posed for show2 just cleanliness1 determination1 and good sense facing bestiality and oppression4 ,the figure that stands for the ,freedom of the ,home opposed to the figure that stands for the ,freedom of the ,seas4 ,many an ,englishman might take this picture to heart4 ,h4 ,,de ,,vere ,,stacpoole4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,friendly ,,visitor ,,the ,,german3 ,i come as a friend4 ,,holland3 ,oh1 yes4 ,i've heard that from my ,belgian sister4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,to ,,your ,,health1 ,,civilization6 ,this terrible cartoon points its own lesson so forcibly that its effect is more likely to be weakened than strengthened by any verbal comment4 ,death quaffs a goblet of human blood to the health of ,civilization4 ,death has never enjoyed such a carnival of slaughter before1 and it is ,civilization that has made the holocaust possible4 ,the comparatively simple methods of killing employed by barbarians could not have destroyed so many lives2 nor could barbarian states have raised such huge armies4 ,the artist makes us feel that such a war as this is an act of moral madness1 a disgrace to our common humanity4 ,it is true that some of the nations engaged are guiltless1 and others almost guiltless2 but there is a solidarity of ,european civilization which obliges us all to share the shame and sorrow of this monstrous crime4 ,universal war is the reductio ad absurdum of false political theories and false moral ideals2 and the reductio ad absurdum is the chief argument which ,providence uses with mankind4 ,perhaps it is the only argument which mankind in the mass can understand4 ,,the ,,dean ,,of ,,st4 ,,paul',s4 ,illustration3 ,,to ,,your ,,health1 ,,civilization6 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,fox ,,tirpitz ,,preaching ,,to ,,the ,,geese ,there is nothing more pathetic in some ways to-day than the position of the small neutral countries in ,europe1 and especially those which directly adjoin ,germany4 ,and there is nothing more galling than the inability of the ,allies to give them any help4 ,for the hour they are absolutely at the mercy of ,germany1 or would be1 if she had any1 and they know it4 ,they are certainly liable and exposed to all her flouts and cuffs and to any displays of bad temper or bullying or terrorism it may please her to exercise4 ,and none perhaps is worse off in this respect than ,holland4 ,it suits ,germany to be fairly civil to ,switzerland1 who could give her a good deal of trouble by joining ,france and ,italy2 and no doubt it suits her too to some extent to consider ,denmark1 for ,denmark commands the entrance to the ,baltic2 and1 further1 ,germany does not wish to bring all ,scandinavia down upon herself just at present4 ,that can wait2 but ,holland is in the worst plight of all4 ,she has the terrible spectacle of ,belgium1 ruined and ravaged1 just on the other side of the way4 ,and she has a very considerable and valuable mercantile marine4 ,the great and good ,germany cannot be troubled to distinguish between ,dutch and other boats1 and if occasionally a ,dutch ship is captured or sent to the bottom1 it is a useful reminder of what she might do to her poor relation if she really let herself go4 ,fighting for the freedom of the seas6 ,holland has fought for them herself4 ,holland has a great naval tradition4 ,she knows quite well what ,england has been and is4 ,she knows too1 and can see1 how her sons and brothers in ,south ,africa were treated by the ,british in ,england's last war1 and how they regard ,england and ,germany now4 ,raemaekers' cartoon is very skilful4 ,if we had not seen it done1 we should not have believed it possible to produce at once so clever a likeness of ,von ,tirpitz and so excellent an old fox4 ,but the goose is by no means a foolish bird1 though its wisdom may sometimes be shown in knowing its own weakness4 ,it was they1 and not the watchdogs1 that saved the ,capitol4 ,in old days it was the custom to call the ,germans the ,high ,dutch and the inhabitants of ,holland the ,low ,dutch4 ,it was a geographical distinction4 ,the contrast in moral elevation is the other way4 ,,herbert ,,warren4 ,illustration3 ,,fox ,,tirpitz ,,preaching ,,to ,,the ,,geese ,you see1 my little ,dutch geese1 ,i am fighting for the freedom of the seas4 7,the ,germans illegally captured several ,dutch ships47 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,prisoners ,a ,vile feature of ,german frightfulness is this3 that she mixes poison with her prisoners' rations4 ,not content with starving their bodies1 she hides truth from them and floods their minds with lies4 ,those in command--officers1 educated men1 claiming the service of their soldiers and civil guard and the respect of their nation--deliberately hash a daily meal of falsehood and serve up ,german victories and triumphs on land and sea as sauce to the starvation diet of their defenceless captives4 ,in the earlier months of the war1 while yet the spiritual slough into which ,germany had sunk was unguessed1 and the mixture of child and devil exemplified by frightfulness continued unfathomed1 these daily lies undoubtedly answered their cowardly purpose1 cast down the spirit of thousands1 and added another pang to their captivity4 ,but our armies know better now1 and those diminishing numbers likely to be taken prisoner in the future see the end more clearly than the foe can4 ,lies will be met with laughter henceforth1 for our enemies have put themselves beyond the pale4 ,they may starve and insult our bodies2 but their power to poison our brains has passed from them forever4 ,we know them at last4 ,they have spun a web of barbed villainy between their souls and ours2 and the evil committed for one foul purpose alone--to terrify free men and break the spirit of the sons of liberty--has produced results far different and created a situation more terrible for them than for their outraged enemies4 ,for in this matter of misrepresentation and lying1 born of ,prussia and by her spoon-fed pack of martinets1 professors1 and ,churchmen1 mingled with ,germany's daily bread for a generation1 it is she and not we who will reap the whirlwind of that sowing2 it is she and not we who must soon pant and tear the breast in the pangs of the poison4 ,between the mad and the sane there can be only one victor2 and when the time comes1 may ,germany's robe of repentance be a strait-waistcoat of the ,allies' choosing4 ,for she has drunk deep of the poison1 and those who anticipate a speedy cure will be as mad as she4 ,when the escaped tigress is back in her cage1 men look to the bars1 for none wants a second mauling4 ,,eden ,,phillpotts4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,prisoners ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,it',s ,,unbelievable ,i am not sure that in this cartoon of ,raemaekers the most pleasing detail is not the servant's right eye4 ,you will observe in that servant's right eye an expression familiar in those who overhear this sort of comment upon the peculiar bestialities of the ,prussian in ,belgium and ,poland1 this extenuation of his baseness4 ,when the war was young the opportunity for giving that glance was commoner than it is now4 ,there were many even in a belligerent country who would tell you in superior fashion how foolishly exaggerated were the so-called atrocities4 ,the greater number of such men 7and women7 talked of two ,germanies--one the nice ,germany they knew and loved so well1 and the other apparently nasty ,germany which raped1 burned1 stole1 broke faith1 tortured1 and the rest4 ,their number has diminished4 ,but there is a little lingering trace of the sort of thing still to be discovered3 men and women who hope against hope that the ,prussian will really prove good at heart after all4 ,and it is usually just after some expression of the kind that the most appalling news arrives with a terrible irony to punctuate their folly4 ,it reminds one a little of the man in the story who was sure that he could tame a wild cat1 and was in the act of recording its virtues when it flew in his face4 ,to an impartial observer who cared nothing for our sufferings or the enemy's vices1 there would be something enormously comic in the vision of these few remaining 7for there are still some few remaining7 that approach the wild beast with soothing words and receive as their only reward a very large bomb through the roof of their house1 or the news that some one dear to them has been murdered on the high seas4 ,but to those actively suffering in the struggle the comic element is difficult to seize1 and it is replaced by indignation4 ,this fantastic misconception of the thing that is being fought is bound to be burned right out by the realities of the enemy acts in belligerent countries4 ,it will be similarly destroyed--and that in no very great space of time--in all neutral countries as well4 ,prussia will have it so4 ,she is allowing no moral defence to remain for her future4 ,it is almost as though the men now directing her affairs lent ear carefully to every word spoken in praise of them abroad1 and met it at once by the tremendous denial of example4 ,it is almost as though the ,prussian felt it a sort of personal insult to receive the praise of dupes and fools1 and perhaps it is4 ,,hilaire ,,belloc4 ,illustration3 ,,it',s ,,unbelievable ,,dutch ,,officer3 ,how can they have soiled their hands by such atrocities8 ,,she3 ,can they have done it1 my dear8 ,german officers are so nice4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,kreuzland1 ,,kreuzland ,ue,b,e,r ,,alles ,this war has produced examples of every kind of misery which human beings can inflict upon each other1 except one4 ,europe has mercifully been spared long sieges of populous towns1 ending in the surrender of the starving population4 ,but many towns and villages have been burnt2 and masses of refugees have fled before the invader1 knowing too well the brutal treatment which they had to expect if they remained4 ,very many of the unhappy ,belgians have taken refuge in ,holland2 a considerable number have found an asylum in this country4 ,they are homeless and ruined2 if the war were to end to-morrow1 many of them would not know where to go or how to live4 ,families have been broken up2 husbands and wives1 parents and children1 are ignorant of each other's fate4 ,in this picture we see a crowd of children1 herded together like a flock of sheep1 with nobody to take care of them4 ,their via dolorosa is marked by long rows of crosses on either side1 emblems of suffering1 death1 and sacrifice4 ,in the distance rise the smoke and flames from one of the innumerable incendiary fires which the ,germans1 like the cruel banditti of the ,middle ,ages1 have kindled wherever they go4 ,,the ,,dean ,,of ,,st4 ,,paul',s4 ,illustration3 ,,kreuzland1 ,,kreuzland ,ue,b,e,r ,,alles ,,belgium1 #aiad3 ,where are our fathers8 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,ex-,,convict ,prussia in every war has betrayed that peculiar mark of barbarism consisting in using the intellectual weapons of a superior1 but not knowing how to use them4 ,it is still a matter of mystery to the directing ,prussian mind why the sinking of the ,lusitania should have shocked the world4 ,a submarine cannot take a prize into port4 ,the ,lusitania happened to be importing goods available in war1 therefore the ,lusitania must be sunk4 ,all the penumbrae of further consideration which the civilized man weighs escape this sort of logic4 ,similarly1 the ,prussian argues1 if an armed man is prepared to surrender1 convention decrees that his life should be spared4 ,therefore1 if an armed man be just fresh from the murder of a number of children1 he has but to cry ,kamerad to be perfectly safe4 ,and ,prussia foams at the mouth with indignation whenever this strict rule of conduct is forgotten in the heat of the moment4 ,the use of poison in the field which ,prussia for the first time employed 7and reluctantly compelled her civilized opponents to reply to7 is in the same boat4 ,a shell bursts because solid explosive becomes gaseous4 ,to use shell which in bursting wounds and kills men is to use gas in war2 therefore if one uses gas in the other form of poison1 disabling one's opponent with agony1 it is all one4 ,precisely the same barbaric use of logic--which reminds one of the antics of an animal imitating human gestures--will later apply to the poisoning of water supplies1 or the spreading of an epidemic4 ,it is soldierly and excites no contempt or indignation to strike at your enemy with a sword or shoot a pellet of lead at him in such a fashion that he dies4 ,what is all this foolish pother about killing him with bacilli in his cisterns or with a drop of poison in his tea8 ,men in war have burned groups of houses with the torch in anger or for revenge4 ,why distinguish between that and the methodical sprinkling of petroleum from a hose by one gang and the equally methodical burning of the whole town house by house with little capsules of prepared incendiary stuff8 ,the rule always applies--but only against the opponent3 never to one's self4 ,from that attitude of mind the ,prussian will never emerge4 ,we shall1 please ,god1 see that mood in all its beauty in later stages of the war1 when the coercion of the ,prussian upon his own soil leads to acts indefensible by ,prussian logic4 ,we have already had a taste of this sort of reasoning when the royalties fled from ,karlsruhe and when the murderers upon the sinking ,zeppelin received the reward due to men who boast that they will not keep faith4 ,,hilaire ,,belloc4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,ex-,,convict ,i was a 'lifer1' but they found ,i had many abilities for bringing civilization amongst our neighbours1 so now ,i am a soldier4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,miss ,,cavell ,most of the ,english caricaturists are much too complimentary to the ,german ,emperor4 ,they draw his moustaches1 but not his face4 ,now his moustaches are exactly what he1 or the whole ,prussian school he represents1 particularly wishes us to look at4 ,they give him the fierce air of a fighting cock2 and however little we may like fierceness1 there will always be a certain residual respect for fighting1 even in a cock4 ,now the ,junker moustache is a fake2 almost as much so as if it were stuck on with gum4 ,it is1 as ,mr4 ,belloc has remarked1 curled in a machine all night lest it should hang down4 ,raemaekers1 in the sketch which shows the ,kaiser as waiting for ,nurse ,cavell's death to say1 ,now you can bring me the ,american protest1 has gone behind the moustache to the face1 and behind the face to the type and the spirit4 ,the ,emperor is not commanding in a lordly voice from a throne1 but with a leer and behind a curtain4 ,in the few lines of the lean1 unnatural face is written the real history of the ,hohenzollerns1 the kind of history not often touched on in our comfortable ,english humour1 but common to the realism of ,continental art3 the madness of ,frederick ,william1 the perversion of ,frederick the ,great1 the hint1 mingled with subtler talents1 of the mere idiocy that seems to have flowered again in the last heir of that inhuman house4 ,the ,hohenzollerns have varied from generation to generation in many things and like many families2 some of them have been tyrants1 some of them geniuses1 some of them merely boobies2 but they have shared in something more than that hereditary policy which has been the poison in ,christendom for two hundred years4 ,there is a ghost who inhabits these perishing tenements1 and in such a picture as this of ,raemaekers men can see it looking out of the eyes4 ,and it is neither the spirit of a tyrant nor of a booby2 but the spirit of a sly invalid4 ,g4 ,k4 ,,chesterton4 ,illustration3 ,,miss ,,cavell ,,william3 ,now you can bring me the ,american protest4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,hostages ,ay'1 boy--you may well ask4 ,and the world asks also1 and in due time will exact an answer to the last drop of innocent blood4 ,what have you done8 ,you have fallen into the hands of the most scientifically organized barbarism the world has ever seen1 or1 please ,god1 ever will see--to whom1 of deliberate choice1 such words as truth1 honour1 mercy1 justice1 have become dead letters1 by reason of the pernicious doctrines on which the race has been nourished--by which its very soul has been poisoned4 ,dead letters8--worn-out rags1 the very virtues they once represented1 even in ,germany1 long since flung to the dust-heaps of the past in the soulless scramble for power and a place in the sun which no one denied her4 ,deliberately1 and of malice prepense1 the military caste of ,prussia has taught1 and the unhappy common-folk have accepted1 that as a nation they are past all that kind of thing4 ,there is only one right in the world--the might of the strongest4 ,the weak to the wall6 ,make way for the ,hun1 whose god is power1 and his high-priests the ,kaiser and the ,krupps4 ,and so1 every nation1 even the smallest1 on whom the eye of the ,minotaur has settled in baleful desire1 has said1 ,better to die fighting than fall into the hands of the devil6 ,and they have fought--valiantly1 and saved their souls alive1 though their bodies may have been crushed out of existence by overwhelming odds4 ,as nations1 however1 they shall rise again1 and with honour1 when their treacherous torturers have been crushed in their turn4 ,and1 wherever the evil tide has welled over a land1 indemnities1 incredible and unreasonable1 have been exacted1 and hostages for their payment1 and for good behaviour under the yoke meanwhile1 have been taken4 ,woe unto such6 ,in many cases they have simply been shot in cold blood--murdered as brazenly as by any ,jack-the-,ripper4 ,murder1 too1 of the most despicable--murder for gain--the gain that should accrue through the brutal terrorism of the act and its effect on the rest4 ,and1 if deemed advisable to gloss the crime with some thin veneer of imitation justice for the--unsuccessful--hoodwinking of a shocked and astounded world1 what easier than an unseen shot in some obscure corner from a ,german rifle8 ,then--,death to the hostages6--destruction to the village6--a fine of ,l#ajj1jjj on the town6 ,those provocative shots from ,german rifles have surely been the most profitably engineered basenesses in the whole war4 ,they have justified--but in ,german eyes only--every committable crime1 and they cost nothing--except the souls of their perpetrators4 ,it's your money we want--and your land--and your property--and1 if necessary1 your lives6 ,you are weak--we are strong--and so----6 ,that is the simple ,credo of the ,hun4 ,but for all these things there shall come a day of reckoning and the account will be a heavy one4 ,may it be exacted to the full--from the rightful debtors6 ,what have you done8 ,you have at all events put the rope round the necks of your murderers1 and the whole world's hands are at the other end of it4 ,,john ,,oxenham4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,hostages ,father1 what have we done8 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,king ,,albert',s ,,answer ,,to ,,the ,,pope ,the war has been singularly barren of heroic figures1 perhaps because the magnitude of the events has called forth such a multitude of individually heroic acts that no one can be placed before the rest2 yet1 when this greatest phase of history comes to be written down with historic perspective1 one figure--that of ,king ,albert of ,belgium--will stand as that of a twentieth-century ,bayard1 a great knight without fear and without reproach4 ,action on such far-flung lines as those of the ,european conflict has called for no great leaders in the sense in which that phrase has applied to previous wars2 no ,napoleon has arisen1 though ,william ,hohenzollern has aspired to ,napoleonic dignity2 war has become more mechanical1 more a matter of mathematics--and the barbarians of ,germany have made it more horrible4 ,but1 as if to accentuate ,german brutality and crime1 this figure of ,king ,albert stands emblematic of the virtues in which civilization is rooted2 to the broken word of ,germany it opposes untarnished honour2 to the treacherous spirit of ,germany it opposes inviolable truth2 to the relentless selfishness of ,germany it opposes the vicarious sacrifice of self1 of a whole country and nation for the sake of a principle4 ,and1 in later days1 men will remember how this truly great king held steadfastly to the little portion of his kingdom that the invasion left him2 how he remained to inspirit his men by noble example1 stubbornly rejecting peace without honour1 and holding1 when all else was wrecked1 to the remnants of that army which saved ,europe in the gateway of ,liege4 ,amid violation1 desecration1 and destruction1 ,albert of ,belgium has won imperishable fame4 ,e4 ,,charles ,,vivian4 ,illustration3 ,,king ,,albert',s ,,answer ,,to ,,the ,,pope ,with him who broke his word1 devastated my country1 burned my villages1 destroyed my towns1 desecrated my churches1 and murdered my people1 ,i will not make peace before he is expelled from my country and punished for his crimes4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,gas ,,fiend ,there is an order of minds that intuitively distrusts ,science1 detracts from the force of her achievements1 and contends that devotion to machinery ends by making men machines4 ,many who argue thus have fastened on ,germany's new war inventions as proof that ,science makes for materialism and opposes the higher values of humanity and culture4 ,this is special pleading1 for against the destructive forces discovered and liberated by ,german chemists in this war1 one has only to consider the vast amelioration of human life for which modern science has to be thanked4 ,because art has been created to evil purpose1 shall we condemn pictures or statues8 ,because the ,germans have employed gas poisons in warfare1 are we to condemn the incalculable gifts of organic chemistry8 ,look at the eye of ,louis ,raemaekers' snake4 ,that is the answer4 ,it is the force behind this application of it that has brought ,german ,science to shame4 ,a precious branch of human knowledge has been prostituted by lust of blood and greed of gain until ,science1 in common with all learning1 comes simply to be regarded by the masters of ,germany as one more weapon in the armoury1 one more power to help win ,the ,day4 ,every culture is treated in their alembic for the same purpose4 ,we may picture the series of experiments that went to perfection of their poison gas2 we may see their ,higher ,command watching the death of guinea-pig1 rabbit1 and ape with increasing excitement and enthusiasm as the hideous effects of their discovery became apparent4 ,be sure an iron cross quickly hung over the iron heart that conceived and developed this filthy arm2 for does it not offer the essence--quintessence of all frightfulness8 ,does it not challenge every human nerve-centre by its horror8 ,does it not1 once proclaimed1 by anticipation awake those very emotions of dread and dismay that make the stroke more fatal when it falls8 ,these people pictured their snake paralyzing the enemy into frozen impotence2 the floundering ,prussian psychology that cuts blocks with a razor and regards ,german mind as the measure of all mind1 anticipated that poison gas would appeal to ,british and ,french as it has appealed to them4 ,but it was not so4 ,their foresight gave them an initial success in the field2 it slew a handful of men with additions of unspeakable agony--and rekindled the execration and contempt of ,civilization4 ,as an arm1 poison gas cannot be considered conspicuously successful1 since it is easily encountered2 but for the ,allies it had some value1 since it weighted appreciably the scale against ,germany in neutral minds and added to the universal loathing astir at the heart of the world4 ,only fear now holds any kingdom neutral3 there is not an impartial nation left on earth4 ,,eden ,,phillpotts4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,gas ,,fiend ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,german ,,tango ,a blond woman1 wearing the ,imperial crown and with her hair braided in pigtails like a ,german backfisch1 is whirling in the tango with a skeleton partner4 ,her face is livid with terror and fatigue1 her limbs are drooping1 but she is held by inexorable bony claws4 ,on the feet of the skeleton are dancing pumps1 a touch which adds to the grimness4 ,this ghoulish dance does not lack its element of ghastly ceremonial4 ,the ,dance of ,death has long been the theme of the moralist in art1 from ,orcagna's fresco on the walls of the ,campo ,santo at ,pisa to ,holbein's great woodcuts and our own ,rowlandson4 ,in ,germany especially have these macabre imaginings flourished4 ,the phantasmagoria of decay has haunted ,german art1 as it haunted ,poe1 from ,duerer to ,boecklin4 ,but the mediaeval ,dance of ,death was stately allegory1 showing the pageant of life brooded over by the shadow of mortality4 ,in ,m4 ,raemaekers' cartoon there is no dignity1 no lofty resignation4 ,he shows ,death summoned in a mad caprice and kept as companion till the revel becomes a whirling horror4 ,it is the profoundest symbol of the war4 ,in a hot fit of racial pride ,death has been welcomed as an ally4 ,and the dance on which ,germany enters is no stately minuet with something of tragic dignity in it4 ,it is a common modern vulgar shuffle1 a thing of ugly gestures and violent motions1 the true sport of degenerates4 ,once begun there is no halting4 ,from ,east to ,west and from ,west to ,east the dancers move4 ,there is no rest1 for ,death is a pitiless comrade4 ,from such a partner1 lightly and arrogantly summoned1 there can be no parting4 ,the traveller seeks a goal1 but the dancers move blindly and aimlessly among the points of the compass4 ,death1 when called to the dance1 claims eternal possession4 ,,john ,,buchan4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,german ,,tango ,from ,east to ,west and ,west to ,east ,i dance with thee6 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,zeppelin ,,triumph ,when the future historian gives to another age his account of all that is included in ,german frightfulness1 there is no feature upon which he will dilate more emphatically than the extraordinary use made by the enemy of their ,zeppelin fleet4 ,in the experience we have gained in the last few months we discover that the ,zeppelins are not employed--or1 at all events1 not mainly employed--for military purposes1 but in order to shake the nerves of the non-combatant population4 ,the history of the last few ,zeppelin raids in ,england is quite sufficient testimony to this fact4 ,london is bombarded1 although it is an open city1 and a large amount of damage is done to buildings wholly unconnected with the purposes of the war4 ,the persons who are killed are not soldiers1 they are civilians2 the buildings destroyed are not munition works1 but dwelling-houses1 and some of the points of attack are theatres4 ,the same thing has happened in the provinces4 ,in the last raid over the ,midlands railway stations were destroyed1 some breweries were injured1 but1 with exceedingly few exceptions1 munition works and factories for the production of arms were untouched4 ,here again the victims are not either soldiers or sailors1 or even workmen employed in turning out instruments of war1 but peaceable citizens and a large proportion of women and children4 ,some such act of brutality is illustrated in the accompanying cartoon4 ,a private house has been attacked1 the mother has been killed1 the father and child are left desolate4 ,the little daughter at her father's knee1 who cannot understand why guiltless people should suffer1 asks the importunate question whether her mother had done anything wrong to deserve so terrible a fate4 ,to the childish mind it seems incomprehensible that aimless and indiscriminate murder should fall on the guiltless4 ,indeed the mother had done no wrong4 ,she only happened to belong to one of the nations who are struggling against a barbaric tyranny4 ,in that reckless crusade which the ,central ,powers are waging against all the higher laws of morality and civilization1 some of the heaviest of the blows fall on the defenceless4 ,it is this appalling inhumanity1 this godless desire to maim and wound and kill1 which nerves the arms of the ,allies1 who know that in a case like this they are fighting for freedom and for the ,divine laws of mercy and loving-kindness4 ,and it is for the young especially that the war is being waged1 young boys and young girls like the motherless child in the picture1 in order that they may inherit a ,europe which shall be free from the horrible burden of ,german militarism1 and be able to live useful lives in peace and quietness4 ,no1 little girl1 mother did no wrong6 ,but we should be guilty of the deepest wrong if we did not avenge her death and that of other similar victims by making such unparalleled crimes impossible hereafter4 ,w4 ,l4 ,,courtney4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,zeppelin ,,triumph ,but ,mother had done nothing wrong1 had she1 ,daddy8 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,keeping ,,out ,,the ,,enemy ,the ,prussian turns everything to account1 from the scrapings of the pig-trough to the ,austrian ,emperor4 ,the ,bavarian lists1 the ,saxon lists1 the ,austrian lists--these are all only indications of injuries to the ,prussian's life-saving waistcoat4 ,if this war is to be a war to the last penny and the last man1 the last ,austrian will die before the last ,saxon1 the last ,saxon before the last ,bavarian1 the last ,bavarian before the last ,prussian--and the last ,prussian will not die3 he will live to clutch at the last penny4 ,and the pity of it is that the ,austrian is quite a good fellow1 the ,saxon is a decent sort of man1 the ,bavarian is chiefly a brute in drink1 whilst the ,prussian--we all know what the ,prussian is1 the black centre of hardness1 the incarnation of the shady trick1 and the very complex soul of mechanical efficiency4 ,the ,hohenzollern here makes a sandbag of the ,hapsburg1 of whom ,fate has already made a football4 ,fate has always been behind the ,hapsburg for his own sins and those of his house4 ,she has made him kneel at last4 ,h4 ,,de ,,vere ,,stacpoole4 ,illustration3 ,you see how ,i manage to keep the enemy out of my country6 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,german ,,offer ,the ,german claim--not the ,austrian nor the ,turk1 for the alliance following ,germany is to be allowed little force--is that1 the civilization of ,europe now being defeated1 a ,roman pride may be generous to the fallen4 ,before modern ,germany is routed1 as may be seen in the features of its citizens1 the nobility of its public works1 and the admirable1 restrained1 and classic sense of its literature1 this generosity to a humbled world will take the form of letting nations1 of right independent1 enjoy some measure of freedom under a ,german suzerainty4 ,in the matter of property the magnanimous descendants of ,frederick and ,william the ,great will restore the machines which cannot be wrenched from their concrete beds1 and the walls of the manufactories4 ,more liquid property1 such as jewellery1 furniture1 pictures--and coin--it will be more difficult to trace4 ,in any case1 ,europe may breathe again1 though with a shorter breath than it did before ,germany conquered at the ,marne4444 ,this is the majestic vision which the subtle diplomats of ,berlin present to the admiration of the neutral ,powers1 happily free from wicked passions of war1 and not blinded1 as are the ,british1 ,french1 ,russians1 ,italians1 ,belgians1 and the ,serbians1 by petty spite4 ,their audience1 their triple audience1 is part of ,greece1 some of the public of ,spain1 and sections of that of the ,united ,states4 ,to the ,french and the ,british armies in the ,west1 to the ,russians in the ,east1 and to the ,italians upon their frontiers1 the terms appear insufficient4 ,therein would seem to lie the gravity of ,prussia's case4 ,these belligerent ,powers will go so far as to demand more than the mere restoration of stolen property1 from cottage furniture to freedom4 ,and their anger has risen so high that they even propose to make the acquirer of these goods suffer very bitterly indeed4 ,what plea he will then raise under discomforts more serious than those he has caused to the peasants of ,flanders and of ,poland1 and how those pleas will affect his neutral audience1 will have no effect whatever on the result of the war1 or on his own unpleasing fate4 ,those appeals will have a certain interest1 however1 because we know from the past that the ,german mind is unstable4 ,within fifteen short months it proposed the annihilation of the ,french armies and the occupation of ,paris4 ,it failed4 ,it next offered terms upon suffering defeat4 ,it withdrew them4 ,it next made certain at least of a conquest of ,russia1 failed again1 offered terms again1 withdrew them again2 was directed to the blockading of ,england1 failed2 thought ,egypt better1 and then changed its mind4 ,it was but yesterday in the mood that this cartoon suggests2 to-morrow its mood will have utterly changed again1 probably to a whine1 perhaps to a scream4 ,such instability is rare in the history of nations which purpose a conquest of others1 and it is a very poor furniture for the mind4 ,,hilaire ,,belloc4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,german3 ,if you will let me keep what ,i have1 ,i will let you go4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,wolf ,,trap ,the wolf is not perhaps the beast by which one would most wish one's country to be represented4 ,but the wolf1 like every animal when defending its dearest1 and when assailed with treachery1 has its nobility4 ,and the ,roman she-wolf certainly has had in all ages her dignity and her force4 ,thy nurse will hear no master1 ,thy nurse will bear no load1 ,and woe to them that spear her1 ,and woe to them that goad4 ,when all the pack loud baying ,her bloody lair surrounds1 ,she dies in silence biting hard ,amidst the dying hounds4 ,italy certainly calls not only for our sympathy1 but for our admiration4 ,she has had a very difficult course to steer4 ,the ally for so long of ,germany and ,austria1 if owing them less and less as time went on1 it was difficult for her to break with them4 ,but the day came when she had to break with them1 and once again act for herself4 ,she told them a year ago she would be a party to no aggressive or selfish war1 she would be no bully's accomplice4 ,she denounced--it is a good word--such a compact4 ,non haec in foedera veni4 ,then it was1 when the she-wolf showed her teeth1 that they offered to give her what was her own4 ,but what would the ,trentino be worth if ,germany and ,austria were victorious8 ,no1 the wolf is right1 she must fight for it1 and behind ,austria's underhanded treachery stands ,germany's open violence and guns4 ,and ,italy loves freedom4 ,this war is a war made by her people4 ,as of old her ,king and her diplomats go with them in this new ,resorgimento4 ,and the she-wolf must beware the trap4 ,she needs the spirit again not only of her people and of ,garibaldi and of ,victor ,emmanuel1 but of ,cavour4 ,and she has it4 ,the cartoon suggests all the elements of the situation4 ,the wolf ponders with turned head1 half doubtful1 half desperate4 ,the poor little cub whimpers pitifully4 ,the hunters dissemble their craft1 the trap waits in the path ready to spring4 ,it is not even concealed4 ,is that the irony of the artist1 or is it only due to the necessity of making his meaning plain8 ,whichever it is1 it is justified4 ,,herbert ,,warren4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,wolf ,,trap ,you would make me believe that ,i shall have my cub given back to me1 but ,i know ,i shall have to fight for it4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,ahasuerus ,,ii4 ,the legend of the ,wandering ,jew obsessed the imagination of the ,middle ,age4 ,the tale1 which an ,armenian bishop first told at the ,abbey of ,st4 ,albans1 concerned a doorkeeper in the house of ,pontius ,pilate--or1 as some say1 a shoemaker in ,jerusalem--who insulted ,christ on ,his way to ,calvary4 ,he was told by ,our ,lord1 ,i will rest1 but thou shalt go on till the ,last ,day4 ,christendom saw the strange figure in many places--at ,hamburg and ,leipsic and ,lubeck1 at ,moscow and ,madrid1 even at far ,bagdad4 ,goodwives in the little mediaeval cities1 hastening homeward against the rising storm1 saw a bent figure posting through the snow1 with haggard face and burning eyes1 carrying his load of penal immortality1 and seeking in vain for easeful death4 ,there is a profound metaphysic in such popular fancies4 ,good and evil are alike eternal4 ,arthur and ,charlemagne and ,ogier the ,dane are only sleeping and will yet return to save their peoples2 and the ,wandering ,jew staggers blindly through the ages1 seeking the rest which he denied to his ,lord4 ,in ,george ,meredith's ,odes in ,contribution to the ,song of ,french ,history there is a famous passage on ,napoleon4 ,france1 disillusioned at last1 ,perceives him fast to a harsher ,tyrant bound2 ,self-ridden1 self-hunted1 captive of his aim2 ,material gradeur's ape1 the ,infernal's hound4 ,that is the penalty of mortal presumption4 ,the ,superman who would shatter the homely decencies of mankind and set his foot on the world's neck is himself bound captive4 ,he is the slave of the djinn whom he has called from the unclean deeps4 ,there can be no end to his quest4 ,weariness does not bring peace1 for the whips of the ,furies are in his own heart4 ,the ,wandering ,jew of the ,middle ,age was a figure sympathetically conceived4 ,he had still to pay the price in his tortured body1 but his soul was at rest1 for he had repented his folly4 ,raemaekers in his cartoon follows the conception of ,gustave ,dore rather than that of the old fabulists4 ,the modern ,ahasuerus has no surety of an eventual peace4 ,we have seen the ,german ,war ,lord flitting hungrily from ,lorraine to ,poland1 from ,flanders to ,nish1 watching the failure of his troops before ,nancy and ,ypres1 inditing grandiose proclamations to ,europe1 prophesying a peace which never comes4 ,he is a figure worthy of ,greek tragedy4 ,the ,greek3 hubris which defied the gods has put him outside the homely consolations of mankind4 ,he has devoted his people to the ,dance of ,death1 and himself1 like some new ,orestes1 can find no solace though he seek it wearily in the four corners of the world4 ,,john ,,buchan4 ,illustration3 ,,ahasuerus ,,returns ,once ,i drove the ,christ out of my door1 now ,i am doomed to walk from the ,northern ,seas to the ,southern1 from the ,western shores to the ,eastern mountains1 asking for ,peace1 and none will give it to me4--,from the ,legend of the ,wandering ,jew ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,our ,,candid ,,friend ,the position of ,holland and ,denmark is one of excruciating anxiety to the citizens of those countries4 ,they know that the ,allies are fighting the battle of their own political existence1 but they are so hypnotized with well-founded terror of the implacable tyrant on their flank that they are not only bound to neutrality1 but are afraid to express their sympathies too plainly4 ,dutch editors have been admonished and punished under pressure from ,berlin2 the brilliant artist of these cartoons is in danger on his native soil4 ,a leading ,german newspaper has lately announced that we will make ,holland pay with interest for these insults after the war4 ,a ,german victory would inevitably be followed in a few years by the disappearance from the map of this gallant and interesting little nation1 our plucky rival in time past1 our honoured friend to-day4 ,no nation has established a stronger claim to maintain its independence1 whether we consider the heroic and successful struggles of the ,dutch for religious and political liberty1 their triumphs in discovery1 colonization1 and naval warfare1 their unique contributions to art1 or the manly and vigorous character of their people4 ,it is needless to say that we have no designs upon any ,dutch colony6 ,,the ,,dean ,,of ,,st4 ,,paul',s4 ,illustration3 ,,our ,,candid ,,friend ,,germany1 ,,to ,,holland3 ,i shall have to swallow you up1 if only to prevent those ,english taking your colonies4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,peace ,,and ,,intervention ,here is pictured a grim fact that the ,peace cranks would do well to see plainly4 ,the surgeon who is operating on a cancer case cannot allow himself to be satisfied with merely the removal of the visible growth which is causing such present agony to the patient4 ,he must cut and cut deep1 must go beyond even the visible roots of the disease1 slice down into the clear1 firm flesh to make sure and doubly sure that he has cut away the last fragment of the tainted tissues4 ,only by doing so can he reasonably hope to prevent a recurrence of the disease and the necessity of another operation in the years to come4 ,and so only by carrying on this war until the last and least possibility of the taint of militarism remaining in the ,german system is removed can the ,allies be satisfied that their task is complete4 ,modern surgery has through anaesthetics taken away from a patient the physical pain of most operations1 but modern ,war affords no relief during its operation4 ,that1 however1 can be held as no excuse for refusing to use the knife4 ,what would be said of the surgeon who1 because an operation--a life-saving operation--was causing at the time even the utmost agony1 stayed his hand1 patched up the wound1 was content only to stop the momentary pain1 and to leave firm-rooted a disease which in all human probability would some time later break out again in all its virulence8 ,what would be said of such a surgeon is only in lesser degree what would be said by posterity of the ,allies if they consented or were persuaded to apply the bandage and healing herbs of ,peace to the disease of ,militarism1 to make a surface cure and leave the living tentacles of the disease to grow again deep and strong4 ,but here at least the doctors do not disagree4 ,once and for all the ,ally surgeons mean to make an end to ,militarism4 ,the sooner the ,peace cranks and ,germany realize that the sooner the operation will be over4 ,,boyd ,,cable4 ,illustration3 ,,peace ,,and ,,intervention--,,german ,,militarism ,,on ,,the ,,operating-,,table ,for the sake of the world's future we must first use the knife4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,little ,,red ,,riding ,,hood ,if you wish to see the position of ,holland look at the map of ,europe as it was before ,august #d1 #aiad1 and the map of ,europe as it is to-day4 ,in #aiad ,holland lay overshadowed by the vast upper jaw-bone of a monster--,prussia--a jaw-bone reaching from the ,dollart to ,aix-la-,chapelle4 ,in ,august and ,september1 #aiad1 ,prussia1 by the seizure of ,belgium1 developed a lower jaw-bone reaching from ,aix-la-,chapelle to ,cassandria on the ,west ,schelde4 ,to-day ,holland lies gripped between these two formidable mandibles that are ready and waiting to close and crush her4 ,for years and years ,prussia has been waiting to devour ,holland4 ,why8 ,for the simple reason that ,holland is rich in the one essential thing that ,prussia lacks--coast-line4 ,look again at the map and see how ,holland and ,belgium together absolutely wall ,prussia in from the sea4 ,belgium has been taken on by ,prussia2 if we do not tear that lower jaw from ,prussia1 ,holland will be lost1 and the sea-power of ,england threatened with destruction4 ,the ruffian with the automatic pistol waiting behind the tree requires the life as well as the basket of the little figure advancing toward him4 ,he has been in ambush for forty years4 ,h4 ,,de ,,vere ,,stacpoole4 ,illustration3 ,,little ,,red ,,riding ,,hood ,germany lying in wait for ,holland4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,sea ,,mine ,when ,raemaekers pictures ,von ,tirpitz to us1 he does so with savage scorn4 ,he is not the hard-bitten pirate of story--but a senile1 crapulous1 lachrymose imbecile2 an object of derision4 ,he fits more with one of ,jacob's tales of longshore soakers1 than with the tragedies that have made him infamous4 ,but when he draws ,von ,tirpitz's victims1 the touch is one of almost harrowing tenderness4 ,the ,hun is a master of many modes of killing1 but however torn1 or twisted1 or tortured he leaves the murdered1 ,raemaekers can make the dreadful spectacle bearable by the piercing dignity with which he portrays the dead4 ,in none of these cartoons is his saeva indignatio rendered with more sheer beauty of design1 or with a craftsmanship more exquisite1 than in this monument to the sea-mined prey4 ,the symbolism is perfect1 and of the essence of the design4 ,the dead sink slowly to their resting-place1 but the merciful twilight of the sea veils from us the glazed horror of the eyes that no piety can now close4 ,even the dumb1 senseless fish shoots from the scene in mute and terrified protest1 while from these poor corpses there rise surfaceward the silver bubbles of their expiring breath4 ,one seems to see crying human souls prisoned in these spheres4 ,and it is1 indeed1 such sins as these that cry to ,heaven for vengeance4 ,blood-guiltiness must rest upon the heads of those that do them1 upon the heads of their children--aye1 and of their children's children too4 ,this exquisite and tender drawing is something more than the record of inexpiable crime4 ,it is a prophecy4 ,and the prophecy is a curse4 ,,arthur ,,pollen4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,sea ,,mine ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,seduction ,the cartoon in which the ,prussian is depicted as saying to his bound and gagged victim1 ,ain't ,i a lovable fellow8 is one of the most pointed and vital of all pictorial1 or indeed other1 criticisms on the war4 ,it is very important to note that ,german savagery has not interfered at all with ,german sentimentalism4 ,the blood of the victim and the tears of the victor flow together in an unpleasing stream4 ,the effect on a normal mind of reading some of the things the ,germans say1 side by side with some of the things they do1 is an impression that can quite truly be conveyed only in the violent paradox of the actual picture4 ,it is exactly like being tortured by a man with an ugly face1 which we slowly realize to be contorted in an attempt at an affectionate expression4 ,in those soliloquies of self-praise which have constituted almost the whole of ,prussia's defence in the international controversy1 the brigand of the ,belgian annexation has incessantly said that his apparent hardness is the necessary accompaniment of his inherent strength4 ,nietzsche said3 ,i give you a new commandment3 ,be hard4 ,and the ,prussian says3 ,i am hard1 in a prompt and respectful manner4 ,but1 as a matter of fact1 he is not hard2 he is only heavy4 ,he is not indifferent to all feelings2 he is only indifferent to everybody else's feelings4 ,at the thought of his own virtues he is always ready to burst into tears4 ,his smiles1 however1 are even more frequent and more fatuous than his tears2 and they are all leers like that which ,mr4 ,raemaekers has drawn on the face of the expansive ,prussian officer in the arm-chair4 ,compared with such an exhibition1 there is something relatively virile about the tiger cruelty which has occasionally defaced the record of the ,spaniard or the ,arab4 ,but to be conquered by such ,germans as these would be like being eaten by slugs4 ,g4 ,k4 ,,chesterton4 ,illustration3 ,,seduction ,ain't ,i a lovable fellow8 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,murder ,,on ,,the ,,high ,,seas ,the recent descent of so many of her citizens from the people now warring in ,europe has of necessity prevented ,america from looking on events in ,europe with a single eye4 ,but the predominant ,american type and the predominant ,american frame of mind are still typified by the lithe and sinuous figure of the ,new ,england pioneer4 ,it is his tradition to mind his own business1 but it is also his business to see that none of the old monarchies make free with his rights or with his people4 ,and he stands for a race that has been cradled in wars with savages4 ,no one knows better the methods of the ,apache and the ,mohawk1 and when women and children fall into such pitiless hands as these1 it goes against the grain with ,uncle ,sam to keep his hands off them1 even if the women and children are not his own4 ,he would like to be indifferent if he could4 ,he would prefer to smoke his cigar1 and pass along1 and believe those who tell him that it is none of his affair4 ,but when he does look--and he cannot help looking--he sees a figure of such heavy bestiality that his gorge rises4 ,he must keep his hands clenched in his pockets lest he soils them in striking down the blood-stained gnome before him4 ,can he restrain himself for good8 ,that angry glint in his eye would make one doubt it4 ,here1 surely1 the artist sees with a truer vision than the politician4 ,and if ,uncle ,sam's anger does once get the better of him1 if doubts and hesitations are ever thrust on one side1 if he takes his stand where his record and his sympathies must make him wish to be1 then let it be noted that this base butcher stands dazed and paralyzed by the threat4 ,,arthur ,,pollen4 ,illustration3 ,,murder ,,on ,,the ,,high ,,seas ,well1 have you nearly done8 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,ad ,,finem ,ay--to your end6--to your end amid the execrations of a ravaged world6 ,through all the ages one other only has equalled you in the betrayal of his trust4 ,may your sin come home to you before you go1 as did his6 ,may his despair be yours6 ,it is most desperately to be regretted that no personal suffering on your part1 in this life at all events1 can ever adequately requite you for the desolations you have wrought4 ,outrage on outrage thunders to the sky ,the tale of thy stupendous infamy1-- ,thy slaughterings1--thy treacheries1--thy thefts1-- ,thy broken pacts1--thy honour in the mire1-- ,thy poor humanity cast off to sate thy pride2-- ',twere better thou hadst never lived1--or died ,ere come to this4 ,i heard a great ,voice pealing through the heavens1 ,a ,voice that dwarfed earth's thunders to a moan3-- ,woe6 ,woe6 ,woe1 to him by whom this came6 ,his house shall unto him be desolate ,and1 to the end of time1 his name shall be ,a by-word and reproach in all the lands ,he repined4444 ,and his own shall curse him ,for the ruin that he brought4 ,who without reason draws the sword-- ,by sword shall perish6 ,the ,lord hath said 444 ,so be it1 ,lord6 ,,john ,,oxenham4 ,illustration3 ,,to ,,the ,,end ,,war ,,and ,,hunger3 ,now you must accompany us to the end4 ,,the ,,kaiser3 ,yes1 to my end4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,u',s ,it is the essence of great cartooning to see things simply1 and to command the technical resources that shall show the things1 so simply seen1 in an infinite variety of aspects4 ,no series of ,raemaekers' drawing better exemplifies his quality in both these respects than those which deal with ,germany's sea crimes4 ,in the cartoon before us the immediate message is of the simplest4 ,the ,kaiser counts the head of ,british merchantmen sunk4 ,von ,tirpitz counts the cost4 ,but note the subtlety of the personation and environment4 ,the ,kaiser has those terrible haunted eyes that have marked the seer's presentment of him from quite an early stage of the war4 ,there can be no ultimate escape from the dreadful vision that has set the seal of despair on this fine and handsome visage4 ,he is shown1 not as a sea monster1 but as some rabid1 evasive1 impatient thing1 dashing from point to point--as from policy to policy--with the angry swish that tells the unspoken anger failure everywhere compels4 ,for the victories do not bring surrender1 nor does frightfulness inspire terror4 ,the merchant ships still put to sea--and the ,u boats pay the penalty4 ,the futility of this campaign of murder is typified by making ,von ,tirpitz1 its inventor1 an addle-headed seahorse1 the nursery comedian of the sea4 ,stupid and ridiculous bewilderment stares from his foolish eyes4 ,another submarine has failed to find a safe victim in a trading ship1 but has been hoisted with its own sea petard4 ,the impotence of the thing6 ,this conference of the ,admirals of the ,atlantic1 held in the sombre depths1 is a biting satire1 in its mingled comedy and tragedy1 on the effort to win command of the sea from its bottom4 ,,arthur ,,pollen4 ,illustration3 ,u',s ,,his ,,majesty3 ,well1 ,tripitz1 you've sunk a great many8 ,,tirpitz3 ,yes1 sire1 here is another ',u' coming down4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,mater ,,dolorosa ,you thought to grasp the world2 but you shall keep ,its crown of curses nailed upon your brow4 ,you that have fouled the purple1 broke your vow1 ,and sowed the wind of death1 the whirlwind you shall reap4 ,shout to your tribal god to bless the blood ,of this red vintage on the poisoned earth2 ,clash cymbals to him1 leap and shout in mirth2 ,call on his name to stay the coming1 cleansing flood4 ,we are no hounds of heaven1 nor ravening band ,of earthly wolves to tear your kingdom down4 ,we stand for human reason2 at our frown ,the coward sword shall fall from your accursed hand4 ,we do not speak of vengeance2 there shall run ,no little children's blood beneath our heel4 ,no pregnant woman suffers from our steel2 ,but ,justice we shall do1 as sure as set of sun4 ,or short1 or long1 the pathway of your feet1 ,stamped on the faces of the innocent dead1 ,must lead where tyrant's road hath ever led4 ,alone1 ,o perjured soul1 your ,justice you shall meet4 ,no sacrifice the balance of her scale ,can win2 no gift of blood and iron can weigh ,against this one mad mother's agony3 ,in her demented cry a myriad women wail4 ,the equinox of outraged earth shall blaze ,and flash its levin on your infamous might4 ,man cries to fellow-man2 light leaps to light1 ,till foundered1 naked1 spent1 you vanish from our gaze4 ,,eden ,,phillpotts4 ,illustration3 ,,mater ,,dolorosa ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,gott ,,strafe ,,italien6 ,when ,italy1 still straining at the leash which held her1 helpless1 to the strange and unnatural ,triplice1 began to show signs of awakening consciousness1 ,germany's efforts to lull her back to the unhappy position of silent partner in the world-crime were characteristic of her methods4 ,forthwith ,italy was loaded with compliments4 ,the country was overrun with diplomats1 which is another name in ,germany for spies4 ,bribery of the most brazen sort was attempted4 ,the newspapers recalled in chorus that ,italy was the land of art and chivalry1 of song and heroism1 of fabled story and manly effort1 of honour and loyalty4 ,hark to the ,hamburger ,fremdenblatt of ,february #ba1 #aiae3 ,the suggestion is made that ,italy favours the ,allies4 ,preposterous6 ,even though the palsied hand of ,england--filled with robber gold--be held out to her1 ,italy's vows1 ,italy's sense of obligation1 ,italy's word once given1 can never be broken4 ,such a nation of noblemen could have no dealings with hucksters4 ,germany is1 indeed1 a fine judge of a nation's word once given and a nation's vows1 which its ,chancellor unblushingly declared to be mere scraps of paper4 ,now let us see what the ,hamburger ,nachrichten had to say about ,italy immediately after her secession from the ,triple ,alliance3 ,nachrichten1 ,june #a1 #aiae4 ,that ,italy should have joined hands with the other noble gentlemen1 our enemies1 is but natural4 ,it would1 of course1 be absurd--where all are brigands--were the classical name of brigandage not included in the number4444 ,we do not propose to soil our clean steel with the blood of such filthy ,italian scum4 ,with our cudgels we shall smash them into pulp4 ,gott strafe ,italien indeed6 ,bombs on ,st4 ,mark's in ,venice1 on the ,square of ,verona1 on world treasures unreplaceable4 ,the poisoned breath of ,germany carries its venom into the land of sunshine and song1 whose best day's work in history has been to wrest itself free from the grip of the false friend4 ,,ralph ,d4 ,,blumenfeld4 ,illustration3 ,,gott ,,strafe ,,italien6 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,serbia ,serbia has suffered the fate of ,belgium4 ,germany and ,austria1 with ,bulgaria's aid1 have plunged another little country in blood and destruction4 ,another bleeding piece of earth bears witness to the recrudescence of the ancient barbarism of the ,huns4 ,serbia's wounds1 ,like dumb mouths1 ,do ope their ruby lips1 to beg for vengeance on these butchers4 ,turkey1 whom the artist portrays as a hound lapping up the victim's blood1 is fated to share the punishment for the crime4 ,but the prime instigator is the ,german ,emperor1 whose ,chancellor1 with bitter irony1 claims for his master the title of protector of the small nationalities of ,europe4 ,herr von ,bethmann-,hollweg can on occasion affect the mincing accents of the wolf when that beast seeks to lull the cries of the lamb in its clutches4 ,the ,german method of waging war has rendered dreadful objects so familiar that the essential brutality of the enemy's activities runs a risk of escaping at times the strenuous denunciation which ,justice demands4 ,but the searching pencil of ,mr4 ,raemaekers brings home to every seeing eye the true and unvarying character of ,teutonic frightfulness4 ,all instincts of humanity are cynically defied on the specious ground of military necessity4 ,mr4 ,raemaekers is at one with ,milton in repudiating the worthless plea3 ,so spake the fiend1 and with necessity1 ,the tyrant's plea1 excused his devilish deeds4 ,,sir ,,sidney ,,lee4 ,illustration3 ,,october ,,in ,,serbia ,the ,austro-,german-,bulgarian attack on ,serbia began in ,october1 which in ,holland is called the butcher's month1 as the cattle are then killed preparatory to the winter4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,just ,a ,,moment--,i',m ,,coming ,here is a drawing that ought to be circulated broadcast throughout ,australia and ,new ,zealand1 that ought to hold a place of honour on the walls of their public chambers2 should hang in gilded frames in the houses of the rich2 be pinned to the rough walls of frame-house and bark humpy in every corner of ,the ,outback4 ,it should thrill the heart of every man1 woman1 and child ,down ,under with pride and thankfulness and satisfaction1 should even bring soothing balm to the wounds of those who in the loss of their nearest and dearest have paid the highest and the deepest price for the flaming glory of the ,anzacs in ,gallipoli4 ,here in the artist's pencil is a monument to those heroes greater than pinnacles of marble1 of beaten brass and carven stone2 a monument that has travelled over the world1 has spoken to posterity more clearly1 more convincingly1 and more rememberingly than ever written or word-of-mouth speech could do4 ,it is to the everlasting honour of the people of the ,anzacs that they refrained from echoing the idle tales which ran whispering in ,england that the ,dardanelles campaign was a cruel blunder1 that the blood of the ,anzacs' bravest and best had been uselessly spilt1 that their splendid young lives had been an empty sacrifice to the demons of ,incompetence and ,inefficiency4 ,to those in ,australia who in their hearts may feel that shreds of truth were woven in the rumours--that the ,anzacs were spent on a forlorn hope1 were wasted on a task foredoomed to failure--let this simple drawing bring the comfort of the truth4 ,the artist has seen deeper and further than most4 ,the ,turkish armies held from pouring on ,russia and ,serbia1 from thumping down the scales of neutrality in ,greece and ,roumania perhaps1 from massing their troops with the ,central ,powers2 the ,kaiser chained on the ,east and ,west for the critical months when men and munitions were desperately lacking to the ,allies1 when the extra weight of the ,turks might have freed the ,kaiser's power of fierce attack on ,east and ,west this is what we already know1 what the artist here tells the wide world of the part played by the heroes of the ,dardanelles4 ,in face of this1 who dare hint they suffered and died in vain8 ,,boyd ,,cable4 ,illustration3 ,,just ,a ,,moment--,i',m ,,coming4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,holy ,,war ,surely the artist when he drew this was endowed with the wisdom of the seer1 the vision of the prophet4 ,for it was drawn before the days in which ,i write1 before the ,russian giant had proved his greatness on the body of the ,turk1 before the bludgeon-strokes in the ,caucasus1 the heart-thrust of ,erzerum1 the torrent of pursuit of the broken ,turks to ,mush and ,trebizond4 ,we know--and ,i am grateful for the chance to voice our gratitude to him--the greatness of our ,russian ,ally4 ,we remember the early days when the ,kaiser's hosts were pouring in over ,france1 and the ,russian thrust into ,galicia drew some of the overwhelming weight from the ,western ,front4 ,we realize now the nobility of self-sacrifice that flung an army within reach of the jaws of destruction1 that risked its annihilation to draw upon itself some of the sword-strokes that threatened to pierce to the heart of the ,west4 ,our national and natural instinct of admiration for a hard fighter1 and still greater admiration for the apex of good sportmanship1 for the friend or foe who can take a licking1 who is a good loser1 went out even more strongly to ,russia in the dark days when1 faced by an overwhelming weight of metal1 she was forced and hammered and battered back1 losing battle-line after battle-line1 stronghold after stronghold1 city after city2 losing everything except heart and dogged punishment-enduring courage4 ,and how great the ,russian truly is will surely be known presently to the ,turk and to the masquerading false ,prophet of ,allah4 ,no one is great save ,allah1 says ,william1 and even as the ,turk spoke more truly than he knew in calling the ,russian great1 even as he was bitterly to realize the greatness1 so in the fullness of time must ,william come to realize how great is the ,allah of the ,moslem1 the ,christian ,god ,whom he has blasphemed1 and in ,whose name he and his people have perpetrated so many crimes and abominations4 ,,boyd ,,cable4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,holy ,,war ,,the ,,turk3 ,but he is so great4 ,,william3 ,no one is great1 save ,allah1 and ,i am his prophet4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,gott ,,mit ,,uns ,when we consider the public utterances of the ,german clergy1 we can very easily substitute for their symbol of ,christian faith this malignant1 grotesque1 and inhuman monster of ,louis ,raemaekers4 ,indeed1 our inclination is to thrust the green demon himself into the pulpit of the ,fatherland2 for his wrinkled skull could hatch and his evil mouth utter no more diabolic sentiments than those recorded and applauded from ,lutheran ,leipsic1 or from the ,university and the chief ,protestant pulpit in ,berlin4 ,such sermons are a part of that national debacle of reasoning faculty which is the price intellectual ,germany has paid for the surrender of her soul to ,prussia4 ,an example or two may be cited from the outrageous mass4 ,professor ,rheinhold ,seeby1 who teaches theology at ,berlin ,university1 has described his nation's achievements in ,belgium and ,serbia as a work of charity1 since ,germany punishes other ,states for their good and out of love4 ,pastor ,philippi1 also of ,berlin1 has said that1 as ,god allowed ,his only ,son to be crucified1 that ,his scheme of redemption might be accomplished1 so ,germany1 ,god with her1 must crucify humanity in order that its ultimate salvation may be secured2 and the ,teutonic nation has been chosen to perform this task1 because ,germany alone is pure and1 therefore1 a fitting instrument for the ,divine ,hand4 ,satan1 who has returned to earth in the shape of ,england1 must be utterly destroyed1 while the immoral friends and allies of ,satan are called to share his fate4 ,thus evil will be swept off the earth and the ,german ,empire henceforth stand supreme protector of the new kingdom of righteousness4 ,pastor ,zoebel has ordered no compromise with hell2 directed his flock to be pleased at the sufferings of the enemy2 and bade them rejoice when thousands of the non-elect are sent to the bottom of the sea4 ,yes1 we will give the green devil his robe and bands until ,germany is in her strait-jacket2 after which experience1 her conceptions of a ,supreme ,being and her own relation thereto may become modified4 ,,eden ,,phillpotts4 ,illustration3 ,,gott ,,mit ,,uns ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,widows ,,of ,,belgium ,this deeply pathetic picture evokes the memory of many sad and patient faces which we have seen during the last eighteen months4 ,it is the women1 after all--wives1 mothers1 sisters1 and daughters--who have the heaviest load to bear in war-time4 ,the courage and heroism which they have shown are an honour to human nature4 ,the world is richer for it2 and the sacrifices which they have bravely faced and nobly borne may have a greater effect in convincing mankind of the wickedness and folly of aggressive militarism than all the eloquence of peace advocates4 ,we must not forget that the war has made about six ,german widows for every one in our country4 ,with these we have no quarrel2 we know that family affection is strong in ,germany1 and we are sorry for them4 ,they1 like our own suffering women1 are the victims of a barbarous ideal of national glory1 and a worse than barbarous perversion of patriotism1 which in our opponents has become a kind of moral insanity4 ,these pictures will remain long after the war-passion has subsided4 ,they will do their part in preventing a recrudescence of it4 ,who that has ever clamoured for war can face the unspoken reproach in these pitiful eyes8 ,who can think unmoved of the happy romance of wedded love1 so early and so sadly terminated8 ,,the ,,dean ,,of ,,st4 ,,paul',s4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,widows ,,of ,,belgium ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,harvest ,,is ,,ripe ,the artist spreads before you a view such as you would have on the great wheat-growing plains of ,hungary1 or on the level plateau of ,asiatic ,turkey--the vast1 unending1 monotonous1 undivided field of corn4 ,in the background the view is interrupted by two villages from which great clouds of flame and smoke are rising--they are both on fire--and as you look closer at the harvest you see that1 instead of wheat1 it consists of endless regiments of marching soldiers4 ,the harvest is plentiful1 but the labourers are few3 here is only one1 but he is quite sufficient--the reaper whose name is ,death1 a skeleton over whose bones the peasant's dress--a shirt and a pair of ragged trousers--hangs loose4 ,the shirt-sleeves of the skeleton are turned well up1 as if for more active exertion1 as he grasps the two holds of the huge scythe with which he is sweeping down the harvest4 ,this is not war of the old type1 with its opportunities for chivalry1 its glories1 and its pride of manly strength4 ,the ,german development of war has made it into a mere exercise in killing1 a business of slaughter4 ,which side can kill most1 and itself outlast the other8 ,when one reads the calculations by which careful statisticians demonstrate that in the first seventeen months of the war ,germany alone lost over a million of men killed in battle1 one feels that this cartoon is not exaggerated4 ,it is the bare truth4 ,the ease with which the giant figure of ,death mows down the harvest of tiny men corresponds1 in fact1 to the million of ,german dead1 probably as many among the ,russians1 to which must be added the losses among the ,austrians1 the ,french1 the ,british1 the ,belgians1 ,italians1 ,serbs1 ,turks1 and ,montenegrins4 ,the appalling total is this vast harvest which covers the plain4 ,,william ,,mitchell ,,ramsay4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,harvest ,,is ,,ripe ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,unmasked ,the ,yellow ,book1 it may be remembered1 was the official publication of some of the details of atrocities committed by the ,huns on the defenceless women and children of ravished ,belgium4 ,it told in cold and unimpassioned sentences1 in plain and simple words more terrible than the most fervid outpourings of patriot or humanitarian1 the tale of brutalities1 of cold-blooded crimes1 of murders and rape and mental and physical tortures beyond the capabilities or the imaginings of savages1 possible only in their refinements of cruelty to the civilized apostles of ,kultur4 ,there are many men in the trenches of the ,allies to-day who will say that the ,german soldier is a brave man1 that he must be brave to advance to the slaughter of the massed attack1 to hold to his trenches under the horrible punishment of heavy artillery fire4 ,as a nation we are always ready to admit and to admire physical courage1 and if ,germany had fought a clean fight1 had played the game1 starkly and straightly1 against our fighting men1 we could--and our fighting men especially could1 and ,i believe would--have helped her to her feet and shaken hands honestly with her after she was beaten4 ,but with such a brute beast as the unmasking of the ,yellow ,book has revealed ,germany to be we can never feel friendship1 admiration1 or respect4 ,the ,german is a dirty fighter1 and to the ,british soldier that alone puts him beyond the pale4 ,he has outraged all the rules and the instincts of chivalry4 ,his bravery in battle is the bravery of a ravening wolf1 of a blood-drunk savage animal4 ,it is only left to the ,allies to treat him as such1 to thrash him by brute force1 and then to clip his teeth and talons and by treaty and agreement amongst themselves to keep him chained and caged beyond the possibility of another outbreak4 ,,boyd ,,cable4 ,illustration3 ,,unmasked ,the ,yellow ,book4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,great ,,surprise ,in the note to another picture ,i have remarked on the farcical hypocrisy of the ,german ,emperor in presenting himself1 as he so often does1 as the ,high ,priest of several different religions at the same time4 ,they are nearly all of them religions with which he would have no sort of concern1 even if his religious pose were as real as it is artificial4 ,being in fact the ruler and representative of a country which alone among ,european countries builds with complete security upon the conviction that all ,christianity is dead1 he can only be1 even in theory1 the prince of an extreme ,protestant ,state4 ,long before the ,war it was common for the best caricaturists of ,europe1 and even of ,germany1 to make particular fun of these preposterous temporary ,papacies in which the ,kaiser parades himself as if for a fancy-dress ball2 and in the accompanying picture ,mr4 ,raemaekers has returned more or less to this old pantomimic line of satire4 ,the cartoon recalls some of those more good-humoured1 but perhaps equally contemptuous1 sketches in which the draughtsmen of the ,french comic papers used to take a particular delight2 which made a whole comic ,bible out of the ,kaiser's adventures during his visit to ,palestine4 ,here he appears as ,moses1 and the ,red ,sea has been dried up to permit the passage of himself and his people4 ,it would certainly be very satisfactory for ,german world-politics if the sea could be dried up everywhere2 but it is unlikely that the incident will occur1 especially in that neighbourhood4 ,it will be long before a ,german army is as safe in the ,suez ,canal as a ,german ,navy in the ,kiel ,canal2 and the higher critics of ,germany will have no difficulty in proving1 in the ,kiel ,canal at all events1 that the safety is due to human and not to divine wisdom4 ,g4 ,k4 ,,chesterton4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,great ,,surprise ,moses ,,ii leads his chosen people through the ,red ,sea to the promised 7,eng7land4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,thou ,,art ,,the ,,man6 ,the ,man of ,sorrows is flogged1 and thorn-crowned1 and crucified1 and pierced afresh1 by this other man of sorrows1 who has brought greater bitterness and woe on earth than any other of all time4 ,and in his soul--for soul he must have1 though small sign of it is evidenced--he knows it4 ,deceive his dupes as he may--for a time--his own soul must be a very hell of broken hopes1 disappointed ambitions1 shattered pride1 and the hideous knowledge of the holocaust of human life he has deliberately sacrificed to these heathen gods of his4 ,no poorest man on earth would change places with this man-that-might-have-been1 for his time draws nigh and his end is perdition4 ,let ,that ,other speak3 ,their souls are ,mine4 ,their lives were in thy hand2-- ,of thee ,i do require them6 ,the fetor of thy grim burnt-offerings ,comes up to ,me in clouds of bitterness4 ,thy fell undoings crucify afresh ,thy ,lord--who died alike for these and thee4 ,thy works are ,death3--thy spear is in ,my side1-- ,o man6 ,o man6--was it for this ,i died8 ,was it for this8-- ,a valiant people harried to the void1-- ,their fruitful fields a burnt-out wilderness1-- ,their prosperous country ravelled into waste1-- ,their smiling land a vast red sepulchre1-- --,thy work6 ,thou art the man6 ,the scales were in thy hand4 ,for this vast wrong ,i hold thy soul in fee4 ,seek not a scapegoat for thy righteous due1 ,nor hope to void thy countability4 ,until thou purge thy pride and turn to ,me1-- ,as thou hast done1 so be it unto thee6 ,,john ,,oxenham4 ,illustration3 ,,thou ,,art ,,the ,,man ,we wage war on ,divine principles4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,sympathy ,the cartoon requires no words to tell the story4 ,it holds chapter upon chapter of tragedy4 ,i will send you to ,germany after your father6 ,where is the boy's father in ,germany8 ,in a prison8 ,mending roads8 ,lying maimed and broken in a rude hospital8 ,digging graves for comrades about to be shot8 ,or1 more likely still1 in a rough unknown stranger's grave8 ,was the father dragged from his home at ,louvain1 or ,tirlemont1 or ,vise1 or one of the dozen other scenes of outrage and murder--a harmless1 hard-working citizen-dragged from his hiding-place and made to suffer exemplary justice for having opposed the ,kaiser's might1 but in reality because he was a ,belgian1 for whose nasty breed there must be demonstrations of ,germany's frightfulness pour encourager les autres8 ,and the child's mother and sisters--what of them8 ,he is dejected1 but not broken4 ,there is dignity in the boy's defiant pose4 ,the scene has1 perhaps1 been enacted hundreds of times in the cities of ,belgium1 where poignant grief has come to a nation which dared to be itself4 ,follow this boy through life and observe the stamp of deep resolve on his character4 ,though he be sent to ,germany after your father1 though he be for a generation under the ,german jack-boot1 his spirit will sustain him against the conqueror and will triumph in the end4 ,,ralph ,d4 ,,blumenfeld4 ,illustration3 ,,sympathy ,if ,i find you again looking so sad1 ,i'll send you to ,germany after your father4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,refugees ,the wonder is not that women went mad1 but that there are left any sane civilians of the ravished districts of ,belgium after all those infamies perpetrated under orders by the ,german troops after the first infuriating check of ,liege and before the final turning of the ,german line at the battle of the ,marne4 ,we have supped full of horrors since1 and by an insensible process grown something callous4 ,but we never came near to realizing the ,belgian agony1 and ,raemaekers does us service by helping to make us see it mirrored in the eyes of this poor raving girl4 ,this indeed is a later incident1 but will serve for reminder of the earlier worse4 ,it is really not well to forget4 ,these were not the inevitable horrors of war1 but a deliberately calculated effect4 ,there seems no hope of the future of ,european civilization till the men responsible for such things are brought to realize that1 to put it crudely and at its lowest1 they don't pay4 ,what the attitude of ,germany now is may be guessed from the blank refusal even of her bishops to sanction the investigation which ,cardinal ,mercier asks for4 ,it is still the gentle wolf's theory that the truculent lamb was entirely to blame4 ,,joseph ,,thorp4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,refugees ,,from ,,gheel ,gheel has a model asylum for the insane4 ,on the fall of ,antwerp the inmates were conveyed across the frontier4 ,the cartoon illustrates an incident where a woman1 while wheeling a lunatic1 herself developed insanity from the scenes she witnessed4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,junker ,there were few things that ,junkerdom feared so much in modern ,germany as the growth and effects of ,socialism2 and it is certain that the possible attitude of the ,german ,socialists--who were thought by some writers to number somewhere in the neighbourhood of two million--in regard to the ,war at its outset greatly exercised the minds of ,junkerdom and the ,chancellor4 ,a few days after the declaration of ,war a well-known ,english ,socialist said to us1 ,i believe that the ,socialists will be strong enough greatly to handicap ,germany in the carrying on of the ,war1 and possibly1 if she meets with reverses in the early stages1 to bring about ,peace before ,christmas4 ,that was in ,august1 #aiad1 and we are now well on in the ,spring of #aiaf4 ,we reminded the speaker that on a previous occasion1 when ,peace still hung in the balance1 he had declared with equal conviction that there would be no ,war because the ,socialists are now too strong in ,germany not to exercise a preponderating restraining influence4 ,he has proved wrong in both opinions4 ,and one can well imagine that the ,junker class admires ,chancellor von ,bethmann-,hollweg for the astute manner in which he has succeeded in shepherding the ,german ,socialist sheep for the slaughter1 and in muzzling their representatives in the ,reichstag4 ,,clive ,,holland4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,junker ,what ,i have most admired in you1 ,bethmann1 is that you have made ,socialists our best supporters4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,milieu ,,de ,,fantomes ,,tristes ,,et ,,sans ,,nombre ,there is something daunting1 even to the mind of one not guilty of war or of massacres1 in the thought of multitudes3 the multitude of the dead1 of the living1 of one generation of men since there have been men on earth4 ,and war brings this horror to us daily1 or rather nightly1 because such great companies of men have suddenly died together1 passing in comradeship and community from the known to the unknown4 ,yet dare we say together8 ,the unparalleled solitariness and singleness of death is not altered by the general and simultaneous doom of battle4 ,and it is with the multitude1 and all the ones in it1 that the maker of war is in unconscious relation4 ,he does not know their names1 he does not know them by any kind of distinction1 he knows them only by thousands4 ,yet every one with a separate life and separate death is in conscious relation with him1 knows him for the tyrant who has taken his youth1 his hope1 his love1 his fatherhood4 ,what a multitude to meet1 whether in thought1 in conscience1 or in another world6 ,we all1 no doubt1 try to make the thought of massacre less intolerable to our minds by telling ourselves that the sufferers suffer one by one1 to each his own share1 and not another's2 that though the numbers may appeal1 they do not make each man's part more terrible4 ,but this is not much comfort4 ,there is not1 it is true1 a sum of multiplication2 but there is the sum of addition4 ,and that addition--the multitude man by man--the ,war ,lord has to reckon with3 ,frederick the ,great with his men1 ,napoleon with his1 the ,german ,emperor with his--each one of the innumerable unknown knowing his destroyer4 ,,alice ,,meynell4 ,illustration3 ,mais quand la voix de ,dieu l'appela il se voyait seul sur la terre au milieu de fantomes tristes et sans nombre4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,bluebeard',s ,,chamber ,the ,committee of ,enquiry1 like another ,portia1 clothed in the ermine-trimmed robe of ,justice and the ,law1 has unlocked with the key of ,truth the door of the closed chamber4 ,the key lies behind her inscribed in ,dutch with the name that tells its nature4 ,the ,committee then pulls back the curtain1 and reveals the horrors that are behind it4 ,before the curtain is fully drawn back1 ,enquiry sinks almost in collapse at the terrible sight that is disclosed4 ,there hang to pegs on the wall the bodies of ,bluebeard's victims1 a woman1 an old man1 a priest1 two boys1 and a girl still half hidden behind the curtain4 ,the blood that has trickled from them coagulates in pools on the ground4 ,bluebeard himself comes suddenly3 he hurries down the steps brandishing his curved sword1 a big1 burly figure1 with square1 thick beard1 and streaming whiskers1 wearing a ,prussian helmet1 his mouth open to utter a roar of rage and fury4 ,the hatred and scorn with which the artist inspires his pictures of ,prussia are inexhaustible in their variety3 ,prussia is barbarism attempting to trample on law and education1 brutality beating down humanity1 a grim figure1 the incarnation of frightfulness4 ,i can imagine the feelings with which all ,germans must regard the picture that the ,dutch artist always gives of their country1 if they regard ,prussia as their country4 ,for every cartoon of ,raemaekers1 said a ,german newspaper1 the payment will be exacted in full1 when the reckoning is made up4 ,to this painter the ,prussian ruling power is incapable of understanding what nobility of nature means4 ,he can practise on and take advantage of the vices and weaknesses of his enemies2 he can buy the services of many among them1 and have all the worser people in his fee as his servants and agents2 but he is always foiled1 because he forgets that some men cannot be bought1 and that these men will steel their fellow-countrymen's minds to resist tyranny to the last4 ,the mass of men can be led either to evil or to good4 ,the ,prussian military system assumes the former as certain1 and is well skilled in the way4 ,but there is the latter way1 too1 which ,prussia never knew and never takes into account as a possibility2 and men as a whole prefer the way to good before the way to evil1 when both are fully explained and made clear4 ,this saves men1 and ruins ,prussia4 ,,william ,,mitchell ,,ramsay4 ,illustration3 ,,bluebeard',s ,,chamber ,the horrors perpetrated by the ,germans were brought to light by the ,belgian ,committee of ,enquiry4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,raid ,the seaman of history is a chivalrous and romantic figure1 a gallant and relentless fighter1 a generous and a tender conqueror4 ,in ,codrington's first letter to his wife after the battle of ,trafalgar1 he tells her to send ,l#ajj to one of the ,french captains who goes to ,england from the battle as a prisoner of war4 ,the ,british and ,french navies cherish a hundred memories of acts like these4 ,if the ,german navy survives the war what memories will it have8 ,it must search the gaols for the exemplars in peace of the acts that win them the ,iron ,cross in war4 ,note in this drawing that the types selected are not in themselves base units of humanity4 ,they have been made so by the beastly crimes superior orders have forced them to commit4 ,but even this has not brought them so low but they wonder at the topsy-turvydom of war that brings them honour where poor ,black ,mary only got her deserts in gaol4 ,the crimes of the higher command have passed in ,germany uncondemned and unbanned by cardinals and bishops4 ,but the conscience of ,germany cannot be wholly dead4 ,nor will six years only be the term of ,germany's humiliation and remorse4 ,the spotless white of the naval uniform1 sullied and besmirched by those savage cruelties1 cannot1 any more than the ,german soul1 be brought back whiter than snow by any bestowal of the ,iron ,cross4 ,the effort to cleanse either would the multitudinous seas incarnadine4 ,,arthur ,,pollen4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,raid ,do you remember ,black ,mary of ,hamburg8 ,aye1 well4 ,she got six years for killing a child1 whilst we get the ,iron ,cross for killing twenty at ,hartlepool4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,better ,a ,,living ,,dog ,,than ,a ,,dead ,,lion ,here is the grim choice of alternatives presented to other nations by the creed of ,deutschland ueber ,alles--the cost of resistance and the reward of submission4 ,on one side lies the man who has fought a good fight for ,freedom4 ,he has lost his life but won an immortal memory inscribed upon the cross4 ,the other has saved his life1 and lo6 it is a dog's life4 ,he is not even a well-treated dog4 ,harnessed1 muzzled1 chained1 he crawls abjectly on hands and knees and drags painfully along the road1 not only the cart1 but his heavy master too4 ,in the ,netherlands and other parts of the ,continent1 where dogs are used to pull little carts1 the owner generally pulls too2 it is a partnership in which the dog is treated as a friend and visibly enjoys doing his share4 ,partnership with ,germany is another matter4 ,the dog does all the work1 the ,german takes his ease with his great feet planted on the submissive creature's back4 ,the belligerent nations have made their choice4 ,germany's partners have chosen submission and are playing the dog's part1 as they have discovered4 ,the ,allies on the other side are paying the price of resistance in the sacrifice of life for ,freedom4 ,and what of the neutrals8 ,they are evading the choice under cover of the ,allies and waxing fat meanwhile4 ,it is not a very heroic attitude and will exclude them from any voice in the settlement4 ,but we understand their position1 and at least they are ready to fight for their own freedom4 ,there are1 however1 individuals who are not ready to fight at all4 ,they call themselves conscientious objectors1 prate of the law of ,christ1 and pose as idealists4 ,if they followed ,christ they would sacrifice their lives for others1 but they are only concerned for their own skins4 ,their place is in the shafts ,the true idealist lies beneath the ,cross4 ,,arthur ,,shadwell4 ,illustration3 ,,better ,a ,,living ,,dog ,,than ,a ,,dead ,,lion ,,the ,,driver3 ,you are a worthy ,dutchman4 ,he who lies there was a foolish idealist4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,burden ,,of ,,the ,,intolerable ,,day ,most people have wondered from time to time what the ,kaiser thinks in his inmost heart and in the solitude of his own chamber about the condition of ,germany and about the ,war4 ,what impression has been made on him by the alternation of victories and failures during the last twenty months8 ,after all he has staked everything--he has everything to lose4 ,what does he feel8 ,what impression do the frightful losses of his own people make on him8 ,raemaekers tells in this cartoon4 ,the ,kaiser has this moment been wakened from sleep by the entrance of a big gorgeously dressed footman1 carrying his morning tea4 ,the panelling of the royal chamber in the palace at ,potsdam is faintly indicated4 ,the ,kaiser sits up in bed1 and a look of agony gathers on his face as he realizes that he has wakened up to the grim horror of a new day1 and that the delightful time which he has just been living through was only a dream4 ,he had dreamed that the whole thing was not true--that the ,war had never really occurred1 and that he could face the world with a conscience clear from guilt2 and now he has wakened up to bear the burden for another day4 ,it is written in his face what he thinks4 ,you see the deep down-drawn lines in the lower part of the face1 the furrows upon the forehead1 and the look almost of terror in the eyes4 ,but a smug-faced flunkey offers him a cup of tea with buttered toast1 and he must come back to the pretence of that tragi-comedy1 the life of the ,king-,emperor4 ,the ,dutch artist is fully alive to the comic element which underlies that tragedy4 ,the ,king-,emperor1 as he awakes from sleep and sits forward from that mountain of pillows1 would be a purely comic figure were it not for the terrible tragedy written in his face4 ,a footman in brilliant livery is a comic figure4 ,the splendour of this livery brings out the comic element by its contrast to1 and yet its harmony with1 the stupid self-satisfaction of the countenance and the curls of the powdered hair4 ,the ,kaiser1 however1 awakens to more than the pretences and shams of court life4 ,the vast dreams which he cherished before the ,war of world-conquest and an invincible ,germany are fled now1 and he must face1 open-eyed and awake1 the stern reality4 ,,william ,,mitchell ,,ramsay4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,awakening ,i had such a delightful dream that the whole thing was not true4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,eagle ,,in ,,hen-,,run ,the ,dutchman who could see this cartoon and not admit its simple truth would have to be a very blind pro-,german4 ,at present time it pays ,germany to pretend a friendship for ,holland1 but the premeditated murder of ,belgium is a plain object-lesson of the sort of friendship and agreement that ,germany makes with a country and people which stand in her way and are too small to withstand her brute force4 ,can any ,dutchman doubt what would be ,holland's fate if ,germany emerged even moderately victorious from this war8 ,the ,german ,war ,staff would give a good deal to have the control of ,holland and a free passage to the sea from ,antwerp4 ,they refrain from using force to gain that control only because they cannot afford to have a fresh frontier to guard and because it is quite useful to have ,holland neutral and a forbidden ground and water to the ,armies and ,navies of the ,allies1 a shield over the heart of ,berlin and ,germany4 ,it would pay the ,germans to have ,holland with them and openly against the ,allies1 and they would no doubt gladly make an agreement to that effect2 but there is little likelihood of that as long as the ,dutch can visualize the agreement as clearly as the cartoonist has done here4 ,there are many people who for years past have suspected ,germany's sinister designs on the whole of the ,netherlands4 ,the brutal ravaging of ,belgium1 the talk that already runs1 openly or in whispers1 in ,germany of annexation of conquered territories and extended borders1 tell plainly the same tale--that any agreement between a small country and ,germany means merely the swallowing-up of the small nation1 the agreement of a meal with the swallower-up4 ,,boyd ,,cable4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,eagle ,,in ,,the ,,hen-,,run ,,german ,,eagle3 ,come along1 ,dutch chicken1 we will easily arrange an agreement4 ,,the ,,chicken3 ,yes1 in your stomach4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,future ,there can be no doubting of the future4 ,the ,allied forces1 who in ,raemaekers' drawing stand for ,liberty1 are assuredly destined to wring the neck of the ,prussian eagle1 which typifies the tyranny of brute force4 ,for freedom's battle1 once begun 444 ,though baffled oft1 is ever won4 ,there is only one master in this country1 the ,kaiser has said of ,germany4 ,i am he1 and ,i will not tolerate another4 ,he has also told his people3 ,there is only one law--my law2 the law which ,i myself lay down4 ,it is supererogatory to dispute either of these imperial pronouncements4 ,the ,future contents herself with the comment3 ,out of thine own mouth will ,i judge thee4 ,the ,kaiser and his counsellors have now translated words into deeds1 and every instrument of savagery has been since ,august1 #aiaa1 enlisted by ,tyranny in the attempt to overthrow ,liberty4 ,a thousand years ago1 the ,kaiser once declared to his ,army1 the ,huns under their king ,attila made themselves a name which still lives in tradition4 ,the ,future replies to him that he and his fighting hordes will also live in tradition4 ,they will be remembered for their defiance of the conscience of the world1 which obeys no call but that of ,liberty4 ,,sidney ,,lee4 ,illustration3 ,l',,avenir ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,christ ,,or ,,odin8 ,you cannot well conceive a science1 whether it be mathematics1 or architecture1 or philosophy1 without its axioms1 dogmas1 or first principles4 ,without them there is no basis on which to raise the superstructure4 ,so it is with the science of religion4 ,take ,christianity3 if it is to be taught scientifically1 it must start with the most tremendous dogma1 the ,divinity of ,christ4 ,either ,christ was or ,he was not what ,he claimed to be4 ,if ,he was not1 you must shout with the ,sanhedrim3 ,crucify ,him6 ,if ,he was1 you must sing with the ,church3 ,come1 adore ,him4 ,one thing is certain1 you cannot be indifferent to ,his claim or to ,him2 you must either hate ,him and ,his creed1 like the ,prussian warring ,superman1 or love ,him and it1 like ,england's ,crusading ,kings4 ,the cartoon before us is the finished picture which ,i can trace from its first rough sketch in the hands of ,kant1 through its different stages of development in the schools of ,hegel1 of ,schopenhauer1 of ,strauss1 till it was ready for its final touches in the hands of ,nietzsche4 ,in fancy ,i see it hung1 on the line1 in the ,prussian picture-gallery under the direction of ,war ,lords1 whose boasted aim it is that the world shall be governed only by ,prussian ,kultur and ,prussian ,religion4 ,the fatal mistake made by the ,teutonic race in the past was1 we are told1 the adoption of ,roman culture and ,roman religion4 ,germany once submitted to an alien ,god and to an alien creed4 ,she1 the mistress of the earth1 the mightiest of the mighty1 and the most ,kultured of the ,kultured1 had actually once worshipped an uncultured peasant ,galilean1 and made profession of ,his slave morality4 ,now they had altogether done with ,christ1 the ,nazarene4 ,the shout had gone forth3 ,we will not have this ,man to rule over us4 ,in the future no gods but ,thor and ,odin shall rule the world-dominating race4 ,prussia seemed to think the world's need to-day was the religion not of ,virtue1 but of ,valour4 ,in a day now long fled was heard the cry3 ',blessed are the meek1 for they shall inherit the earth1' but to-day there shall go forth the word3 ',blessed are the valiant1 for they shall make the earth their throne4' ,in the past ye heard it said3 ',blessed are the poor in spirit1' but now ,i say to you3 ',blessed are the great in soul1 for they shall enter into ,valhalla4' ,again1 in the dark ages it was said to you3 ',blessed are the peace-makers1' but now in the blaze of day ,i say unto you3 ',blessed are the war-makers1 for they shall be called1 if not the children of ,jahve1 the children of ,odin1 who is greater than ,jahve4' ,for those who want more of this mad jargon on the same lines let me refer them to the late ,professor ,cramb's book on ,germany and ,england4 ,with this cartoon before me1 ,i am driven to fear that when the war is done there will rise up in ,germany a louder and stronger cry against the ,christianity of ,christ than ever was attempted after the ,franco-,prussian ,war4 ,the man of blood and iron1 the man with the mailed fist and the iron heel1 ,i much apprehend1 will not be satisfied with tearing down the emblem of the physical ,body of ,christ1 but to slake his bloodthirsty spirit he will want to go on to belabour ,his ,mystical ,body no less4 ,god avert it6 ,,bernard ,,vaughan4 ,illustration3 ,i crush whatever resists me4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,ferdinand ,in this war1 where the ranks of the enemy present to us so many formidable1 sinister1 and shocking figures1 there is one1 and perhaps but one1 which is purely ridiculous4 ,if we had the heart to relieve our strained feelings by laughter1 it would be at the gross ,coburg traitor1 with his bodyguard of assassins and his hidden coat-of-mail1 his shaking hands and his painted face4 ,the world has never seen a meaner scoundrel1 and we may almost bring ourselves to pity the ,kaiser1 whom circumstances have forced to accept on equal terms a potentate so verminous4 ,but we no longer smile1 we are tempted rather to weep1 when we think of the nation over whom this ,ferdinand exercises his disastrous authority4 ,forty years will have expired this spring since the ,christian peasants of ,bulgaria rose in arms against the ,turkish oppressor4 ,after a year of wild mountain fighting1 ,russia1 with fraternal devotion1 came to their help1 and at ,san ,stefano in ,march1 #ahgg1 the aspirations of ,bulgaria were satisfied under ,russia auspices4 ,ten years later ,ferdinand the usurper descended upon ,sofia1 shielded by the protection of ,austria1 and since then1 under his poisonous rule1 the honour and spirit of the once passionate and romantic ,bulgarian nation have faded like a plant in poison-fumes4 ,raemaekers presents the odious ,ferdinand to us in the act of starting for the wars--he who faints at the sight of a drawn sword4 ,his hired assassins guard him from his own people and from the revenge of the thousands whom he has injured4 ,but will they always be able to secure so vile a life against the vengeance of history8 ,how soon will ,fate condescend to crush this painted creature8 ,,edmund ,,gosse4 ,illustration3 ,ferdinand s'en va t'en guerre ne salt s'il reviendra4 7,old ,french song adapted47 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,juggernaut ,yes1 ,kultur1 the ,german ,juggernaut1 has passed this way4 ,there is no mistaking the foul track of his chariot-wheels4 ,kultur is the ,german ,god4 ,but there is a greater ,god still4 ,he sees it all4 ,he speaks1-- ,was it for this ,i died8 --,black clouds of smoke that veil the sight of heaven2 ,black piles of stones which yesterday were homes2 ,and raw black heaps which once were villages2 ,fair towns in ashes1 spoiled to suage thy spleen2 ,my temples desecrate1 ,my priests out-cast3-- ,black ruin everywhere1 and red1--a land ,all swamped with blood1 and savaged raw and bare2 ,all sickened with the reek and stench of war1 ,and flung a prey to pestilence and want2 --,thy work6 ,for this8-- --,life's fair white flower of manhood in the dust2 ,ten thousand thousand hearts made desolate2 ,my troubled world a seething pit of hate2 ,my helpless ones the victims of thy lust2-- ,the broken maids lift hopeless eyes to ,me1 ,the little ones lift handless arms to ,me1 ,the tortured women lift white lips to ,me1 ,the eyes of murdered white-haired sires and dames ,stare up at ,me4 ,and the sad anguished eyes ,of ,my dumb beasts in agony4 --,thy work6 ,,john ,,oxenham4 ,illustration3 ,,kultur ,,has ,,passed ,,here ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,michael ,,and ,,the ,,marks ,the ,loan3 good for #ajj marks6 ,look at him6 ,he is the favoured of the ,earth1 lives in ,germany1 where ,kultur is peerless1 and education complete 7even tho' the man may become a martyr of method74 ,war comes6 and he is seen1 as an almond tree in blossom his years tell1 when lo6 a ,war ,loan is raised with real ,helfferichian candour1 and ,michael has just stepped out of the ,darlehnskasse1 at ,oberwesel-on-the-,rhine1 or other seat of ,kultur and ,war ,loan finance4 ,are visions about8 said an ,american humorist now gone to the ,shades2 and ,michael1 ,loan note in hand1 eyes reversed1 after a visit to two or three offices1 wants to know1 and wonders whether this note can be regarded as hab und gut1 and if so1 good for how much8 ,is it a wonder that an artist in a ,neutral ,country should depict ,german affairs as in this condition1 and business done in this manner8 ,michael is puzzled2 and in the language of the ,old ,kent ,road1 'e dunno where 'e are6 ,he is puzzled1 and not without cause4 ,all who have followed ,germany's financing of the ,war share ,michael's perplexity4 ,brag is a good dog3 but it does not do as a foundation for credit4 ,gold at ,spandau was trumpeted for years as a war chest2 but when the best laid schemes o' mice and men gang aft agley1 especially when a war does not end1 as it should1 after a jolly march to ,paris in six weeks1 through a violated and plundered ,belgium1 then comes the rub--and the paper which puzzles ,michael4 ,a ,german1 possibly ,dr4 ,helfferich1 the ,german ,finance ,minister1 may believe1 and some do believe1 that it does not matter how much paper1 in currency notes1 a ,state1 or even a ,bank1 may issue4 ,the more experienced commercial and banking concerns of the world insist upon a visible material1 as well as the personal security1 to which the ,german is prone4 ,the round-about method of issuing ,german ,war ,loans unquestionably puzzles ,michael2 but will not impose on the world outside4 ,let it be marked also1 that ,german credit methods have been1 in part1 the proximate cause of this ,war2 a system of credit-trading may last for some years only to threaten disaster and general ruin4 ,now1 it is neck or nothing2 ,michael goes the round of the ,loan offices1 and behold him6 ,germany herself fears a crash in credit1 and even the ,german ,michael feels that it is impending4 ,already the mark exchanges over #cj below par4 ,w4 ,m4 ,j4 ,,williams4 ,illustration3 ,,loan ,,jugglery ,,michael3 ,for my #ajj marks ,i obtained a receipt4 ,i gave this for a second #ajj marks and ,i received a second receipt4 ,for the third loan ,i gave the second receipt4 ,have ,i invested #cjj marks and has the ,government got #cjj1 or have both of us got nothing8 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,their ,,beresina ,is it still a long way to the ,beresina8 ,the whole civilized world sincerely hopes not4 ,death1 with the grin on his fleshless face1 is hurrying them along to it as fast as his troika can go4 ,three black horses abreast he drives--,dishonour1 ,disappointment1 and ,disgrace--and the more audacious of the carrion-crows fly croaking ominously alongside4 ,little ,willie1 with the insignia of his family's doom on his head1 is not happy in his mind4 ,father's plans have not worked smoothly1 his promises have not been fulfilled4 ,little ,willie is concerned for his own future4 ,he is the only soul in the world who is4 ,when the ,first--the real--,napoleon entered ,russia1 on ,june #bd1 #ahab1 he led an army of #dad1jjj men--the grande armee4 ,when the great retreat began from burnt-out ,moscow he had less than #ajj1jjj4 ,by the time the ,beresina was reached but little of the grand army was left4 ,of the cavalry reserve1 formerly #cb1jjj men1 only #ajj answered the muster-roll4 ,the passage of the river1 which was to interpose its barrier between him and the pursuing ,russians1 was an inferno of panic1 selfishness1 and utter demoralization4 ,finally1 to secure his own safety1 ,napoleon had the bridges burnt before half his men had crossed4 ,the roll-call that night totalled #h1jjj gaunt spectres1 hardly to be called men4 ,father1 is it still a long way to the ,beresina8 ,we may surely and rightly put up that question as a prayer to the ,god whom ,kaiser ,william claims as friend1 but whom he has flouted and bruised as never mortal man since time began has bruised and flouted friend before4 ,is it still a long way to the ,beresina8 ,god grant them a short quick course1 an end forever to militarism1 to the wastage it has entailed1 and to all those evils which have made such things possible in this year of grace #aiaf4 ,,john ,,oxenham4 ,illustration3 ,father1 is it still a long way to the ,beresina8 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,new ,,peace ,,offers ,the present policy of ,germany is a curious mixture of underhand diplomacy and boastful threats4 ,if she desires to impress the neutral ,states1 she vaunts the great conquests that she has been able to accomplish4 ,she points out1 especially to ,roumania and to ,greece1 how terrible is her vengeance on ,states which defy her1 such as ,belgium and ,serbia1 while vague promises are given to her ,near-,eastern ,allies--,bulgaria and ,turkey--that they will have large additions to their territory as a reward for compliance with the dictates of ,berlin4 ,but1 on the other hand1 it is very clear that1 as part and parcel of this vigorous offensive1 ,germany is already in more quarters than one suggesting that she is quite open to offers of peace4 ,as every one knows1 ,von ,buelow in ,switzerland is the head and controlling agent of a great movement in the direction of peace2 while lately we have heard of offers made to ,belgium that if she will acknowledge a commercial dependence on the ,central ,empires her territory will be restored to her4 ,similar movements are going on in ,america1 because throughout ,germany still seeks to pose as a nation which was attacked and had to defend herself1 and is therefore quite ready to listen if any reasonable offers come from her enemies to bring the war to a close4 ,the unhappy ,german ,imperial ,chancellor has to play his part in this sorry comedy with such skill as he can manage4 ,to his ,german countrymen he has to proclaim that the war has been one brilliant progress from the start to the present time4 ,this must be done in order to allay the apprehensions of ,berlin and to propitiate the ever-increasing demand for more plentiful supplies of food4 ,secretly he has to work quite as hard to secure for the ,central ,empires such a conclusion of hostilities as will leave them masters of ,europe4 ,and1 without doubt1 he has to put up with a good many indignities in the process4 ,the worst of it is1 ,i must always deny having been there4 ,kicked out by the ,allies1 he has to pretend that no advances were ever made4 ,perhaps1 however1 such a task is not uncongenial to the man who began by asserting that solemnly ratified treaties were only scraps of paper4 ,w4 ,l4 ,,courtney4 ,illustration3 ,,new ,,peace ,,offers ,,von ,,bethmann-,,hollweg ,the worst of it is1 ,i must always deny having been there4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,shields ,,of ,,rosselaere ,the climax of meanness and selfishness would seem to be reached when an armed man shelters himself behind the unarmed2 yet it is not the climax1 for here the artist depicts a body of ,german troops sheltering themselves behind women1 calculating that the ,belgians will not fire on their own countrywomen and unarmed friends1 and that so the attack may safely gain an advantage4 ,there is a studied contrast between the calm1 orderly march of the troops with shouldered arms and the huddled1 disorderly progress to which the townspeople are compelled4 ,these are not marching2 they are going to their death4 ,several of the women have their hands raised in frantic anguish1 their eyes are like the eyes of insanity1 and one at least has her mouth open to emit a shriek of terror4 ,two of the men are in even worse condition2 they are collapsing1 one forward1 one backward1 with outstretched hands as if grasping at help4 ,the rest march on1 courageously or stolidly4 ,some seem hardly to understand1 some understand and accept their fate with calm resignation4 ,one old woman walks quietly with bowed head submissive4 ,in the front walks a priest1 his hand raised in the gesture of blessing his flock4 ,the heroism of the ,catholic priesthood both in ,france and in ,belgium forms one of the most honourable features of the ,great ,war1 and stands in striking contrast with the calculating diplomatic policy of the ,papacy4 ,there is always the same tendency in the chief priests of every race and period to be tempted to sacrifice moral considerations to expediency1 and to prefer the empty fabric of an imposing ,church establishment to the people who make the ,church4 ,but the clergy of ,belgium are there to prove what the ,church can do for mankind4 ,this cartoon would be incomplete and would deserve condemnation as inartistic if it were not redeemed by the priest and the old woman4 ,,william ,,mitchell ,,ramsay4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,shields ,,of ,,rosselaere ,at ,rosselaere the ,german troops forced the ,belgian townsfolk to march in front of them ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,obstinacy ,,of ,,nicholas ,the venerable quip that what is firmness in ourselves is obstinacy in our opponents is illustrated with a ludicrous explicitness in the whole tenor of ,german official utterance since the failure of the great drives4 ,the obtuseness of the ,allies is so abysmal 7it is again and again complained in the ,reichstag and through ,wolff7 that they are unable to see that ,germany is the permanently triumphant victor4 ,whereas for ,germany1 whose cause even the neutrals judge to be lost1 to hold out at the cost of untold blood and treasure is merely the manifestation of heaven-conferred ,german steadfastness4 ,the ,army into whose obstinate corporate head it is hardest to drive the idea of ,german military all-powerfulness is the ,russian1 of which retreating units1 actually armed with staves against a superbly equipped 7but innocent and wantonly attacked7 foe1 were so stupid as to forget how to be broken and demoralized4 ,and this long1 imperturbable1 verdamte ,nicholas1 who was declared on the highest ,german authority 7and what higher87 to be annihilated twice1 having turned a smashing tactical defeat into strategical victory1 bobs up serenely in another and most inconvenient place4 ,absurd2 particularly when what ,i tell you three times is true4 444 ,neonapoleon didn't remember ,moscow4 ,but he will4 ,,joseph ,,thorp4 ,illustration3 ,why1 ,i've killed you twice1 and you dare to come back again4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,order ,,of ,,merit ,turkey had no illusions from the beginning on the subject of the war4 ,if the choice had been left to the nation she would not have become ,germany's catspaw4 ,unfortunately for ,turkey1 she has had no choice4 ,for years upon years the ,sultan ,abdul ,hamid was ,turkey4 ,opposition to his will meant death for his opponent4 ,thus ,turkey became inarticulate4 ,her voice was struck dumb4 ,the revolution was looked upon hopefully as the dawn of a new era4 ,abdul ,hamid was dethroned2 his brother1 a puppet1 was exalted1 anointed1 and enthroned4 ,power passed from the ,crown1 not1 as expected1 to the people and its representatives1 but into the hands of a youthful adventurer1 in ,german pay1 who has led his country from one folly to another4 ,turkey did not want to fight1 but she had no choice1 and so she was dragged in by the heels4 ,she has lost much besides her independence4 ,the crafty ,german has drained her of supplies while giving naught in return4 ,the ,german's policy is to strive throughout for a weak ,turkey4 ,the weaker ,turkey can be made1 the better will it be for ,germany1 which hopes still1 no matter what may happen elsewhere1 so to manipulate things as to dominate the ,ottoman ,empire after the war4 ,turkey is still a rich country1 in spite of her enormous sacrifices in the past decade4 ,she has been exploited from end to end by the ,german adventurer1 who will continue the process of bleeding so long as there is safety in the method2 but ,turkey is beginning to ask herself1 as does the figure of the fat ,pasha in the cartoon3 ,and is this all the compensation ,i get8 ,an ,iron ,cross does not pay for the loss of half a million good soldiers4 ,yet that is the exact measure of ,turkey's reward4 ,,ralph ,d4 ,,blumenfeld4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,order ,,of ,,merit ,,turkey3 ,and is this all the compensation ,i get8 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,marshes ,,of ,,pinsk ,in what are we most like our kinsmen the ,germans1 and in what most unlike8 ,i was convicted of ,teutonism when first1 in ,germany1 ,i ate brod und butter1 and found the words pronounced in an ,english way1 slurred4 ,but if we are like the ,germans in the names of simple and childish things1 we grow more unlike them1 we draw farther apart from them1 as we grow up4 ,we love war less and less1 as they love it more4 ,we love our word of honour more and more as they1 for the love of war1 love their word less4 ,there is no nation in the world more unlike us2 because there is no war so perfect1 so conscious1 so complete as the ,german4 ,and being thus all-predominant1 ,german war is the greatest of outrages on life and death4 ,we ,english have a singular degree of respect for the dead4 ,it has no doubt expressed itself in some slight follies and vulgarities1 such as certain funeral customs1 not long gone by2 but such respect is a national virtue and emotion4 ,no nation loving war harbours that virtue4 ,and in nothing do the kinsmen with whom we have much language in common differ from us more than in the policy that brought this ,prussian host to cumber the stagnant waters of the ,marshes of ,pinsk4 ,the love of war has cast them there1 displayed1 profaned1 in the cold obstruction of their dissolution4 ,corruption is not sensible corruption when it is a secret in earth where no eye1 no hand1 no breathing can be aware of it4 ,there is no offence in the grave4 ,but the lover of war1 the ,power that loved war so much as to break its oath for the love of war1 and for the love of war to strike aside the hand of the peace-maker1 ,arbitration1 that ,power has chosen thus to expose and to betray the multitude of the dead4 ,,alice ,,meynell4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,marshes ,,of ,,pinsk1 ,,november1 #aiae4 ,the ,kaiser said last spring3 ,when the leaves fall you'll have peace4 ,they have6 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,god ,,with ,,us ,three apaches sit crouched in shelter waiting the moment to strike4 ,one is old and gaga1 his ancient fingers splayed on the ground to support him and his face puckered with the petulance of age4 ,one is a soft shapeless figure--clearly with small heart for the business1 for he squats there as limp as a sack4 ,one is the true stage conspirator with a long pendulous nose and narrow eyes4 ,his knife is in his teeth1 and he would clearly like to keep it there1 for he has no stomach for a fight4 ,he will only strike if he can get in a secret blow4 ,the leader of the gang has the furtive air of the criminal1 his chin sunk on his breast1 and his cap slouched over his brows4 ,his right hand holds a stiletto1 his pockets bulge with weapons or plunder1 his left hand is raised with the air of a priest encouraging his flock4 ,and his words are the words of religion--,god with us4 ,at the sign the motley crew will get to work4 ,it is wholesome to strip the wrappings from grandiose things4 ,public crimes are no less crimes because they are committed to the sound of trumpets1 and the chicanery of crowned intriguers is morally the same as the tricks of hedge bandits4 ,it is privilege of genius to get down to fundamentals4 ,behind the stately speech of international pourparlers and the rhetoric of national appeals burn the old lust and greed and rapine4 ,a stab in the dark is still a stab in the dark though courts and councils are the miscreants4 ,a war of aggression is not less brigandage because the armies march to proud songs and summon the ,almighty to their aid4 ,raemaekers has done much to clear the eyes of humanity4 ,the monarch of ,felix ,austria1 with the mantle of the ,holy ,roman ,empire still dragging from his shoulders1 is no more than a puzzled1 broken old man1 crowded in this bad business beside the ,grand ,turk1 against whom his fathers defended ,europe4 ,the preposterous ,ferdinand1 shorn of his bombast1 is only a chicken-hearted assassin4 ,the leader of the band1 the ,all ,highest himself1 when stripped of his white cloak and silver helmet1 shows the slouch and the furtive ferocity of the street-corner bravo4 ,and the cry ,god with us1 which once rallied ,crusades1 has become on such lips the signal of the apache4 ,,john ,,buchan4 ,illustration3 ,,god ,,with ,,us ,at the command ',gott mit uns' you will go for them4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,ferdinand ,,the ,,chameleon ,there is one whole field of the evil international influence of ,germany in which ,ferdinand of ,bulgaria is a much more important and symbolic person than ,william of ,prussia4 ,he is1 of course1 a cynical cosmopolitan4 ,he is in great part a ,jew1 and an advanced type of that mauvais juif who is the principal obstacle to all the attempts of the more genuine and honest ,jews to erect a rational status for their people4 ,like almost every man of this type1 he is a ,jingo without being a patriot4 ,that is to say1 he is of the type that believes in big armaments and in a diplomacy even more brutal than armaments2 but the militarism and diplomacy are not humanized either by the ancient national sanctities which surround the ,czar of ,russia1 or the spontaneous national popularity which established the ,king of ,serbia4 ,he is not national1 but international2 and even in his peaceful activities has been not so much a neutral as a spy4 ,in the accompanying cartoon the ,dutch caricaturist has thrust with his pencil at the central point of this falsity4 ,it is something which is probably the central point of everything everywhere1 but is especially the central point of everything connected with the deep quarrels of ,eastern ,europe4 ,it is religion4 ,russian ,orthodoxy is an enormously genuine thing2 ,austrian ,romanism is a genuine thing2 ,islam is a genuine thing2 ,israel1 for that matter1 is also a genuine thing4 ,but ,ferdinand of ,bulgaria is not a genuine thing2 and he represents the whole part played by ,prussia in these ancient disputes4 ,that part is the very reverse of genuine2 it is a piece of ludicrous and transparent humbug4 ,if ,prussia had any religion1 it would be a northern perversion of ,protestantism utterly distant from and indifferent to the controversies of ,slavonic ,catholics4 ,but ,prussia has no religion4 ,for her there is no ,god2 and ,ferdinand is his prophet4 ,g4 ,k4 ,,chesterton4 ,illustration3 ,,ferdinand ,,the ,,chameleon ,i was a ,catholic1 but1 needing ,russian help1 ,i became a ,greek ,orthodox4 ,now ,i need the ,austrians1 ,i again become ,catholic4 ,should things turn out badly1 ,i can again revert to ,greek ,orthodoxy4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,latin ,,sisters ,the ,latin ,sisters6 ,note carefully the expression of ,france as contrasted with that of ,italy4 ,france1 violated by the ,hun1 exhibits grim determination made sacrosanct by suffering4 ,italy's face glows with enthusiasm4 ,one can conceive of the one fighting on to avenge her martyrs1 steadfast to the inevitable end when ,right triumphs over ,might4 ,one can conceive of the other drawing her sword because of the blood tie which links them together in a bond that craft and specious lies have tried in vain to sunder4 ,what do they stand for1 these two noble sisters8 ,everything which can be included in the word--,,art4 ,everything which has built up1 stone upon stone1 the stately temple of ,civilization1 everything which has served to humanize mankind and to differentiate him from the beasts of ,prussia4 ,looking at these two sisters1 one wonders that there are still to be found in ,england mothers who allow their children to be taught ,german4 ,one hazards the conjecture that it might well be imparted to exceptionally wicked children1 if there be any1 because none can question that the ,teutonic tongue will be spoken almost exclusively in the nethermost deeps of ,hades until1 and probably after1 the ,day of ,judgment4 ,for my sins ,i studied ,german in ,germany1 and ,i rejoice to think that ,i have forgotten nearly every word of that raucous and obscene language4 ,had ,i a child to educate1 and the choice between ,german and ,choctaw were forced upon me1 ,i should not select ,german4 ,french1 ,italian1 and ,spanish1 cognate tongues1 easy to learn1 delightful to speak1 hold out sweet allurements to ,english children4 ,do not these suffice8 ,if any mother who happens to read these lines is considering the propriety of teaching ,german to a daughter1 let her weigh well the responsibility which she is deliberately assuming4 ,to master any foreign language1 it is necessary to talk much and often with the natives4 ,do ,englishwomen wish to talk with any ,huns after this war8 ,what will be the feeling of an ,english mother whose daughter marries a ,hun any time within the next twenty years8 ,and such a mother will know that she planted the seed which ripened into catastrophe when she permitted her child to acquire the language of our detestable and detested enemies4 ,,horace ,,annesley ,,vachell4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,latin ,,sisters ,,italy3 ,indeed she is my sister ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,misunderstood ,it need not necessarily be supposed that the directors of ,german destiny1 who are not devoid of intelligence1 took the ravings of ,bernhardi over-seriously4 ,he had his special uses no doubt before the day4 ,but on the morrow of the day1 when questions of responsibility came to be raised1 he became one of many inconvenient witnesses2 and there has scarcely been a better joke among the grim humours of this catastrophe than the mission of this ,redhot-,gospeller of the ,new ,unchivalry of ,war to explain to those idiotic ,yankees that he was really an ardent pacifist4 ,the most just1 the most brilliant1 the most bitter pamphlet of invective could surely not say so much as this reeking cleaver1 those bloody hands1 that fatuous leer and gesture1 this rigid victim4 ,bernhardism was not a mere windy theory4 ,it was exactly practised on the ,belgian people4 ,and this spare1 dignified figure of ,uncle ,sam1 contemptuously incredulous1 is1 ,i make bold to say1 a more representative symbol of the ,american people than one which our impatience sometimes tempts us now to draw4 ,most ,americans now regret1 as ,pope ,benedict must regret1 that the first most cruel rape of ,belgium was allowed to pass without formal protest in the name of civilization4 ,but that occasion gone1 none other1 not the ,lusitania even1 showed so clear an opportunity4 ,a people's sentiments are not necessarily expressed by the action of its ,government1 which moves always in fetters4 ,nor has ,president ,wilson's task been as simple as his critics on this or the other side of the ,atlantic profess to believe4 ,,joseph ,,thorp4 ,illustration3 ,,misunderstood ,,bernhardi3 ,indeed ,i am the most humane fellow in the world4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,prosperity ,,reigns ,,in ,,flanders ,wherever ,prussia rules she has only one method of ruling--that of terror4 ,wherever she finds civilization and the wealth which civilization creates1 she can do nothing but despoil4 ,she is as incapable of persuasion as of creation4 ,no people forced to endure her rule have ever been won to prefer it as the ,alsatians came to prefer the rule of ,france or as many ,indians have come to prefer the rule of ,england4 ,in ,belgium she has been especially herself in this respect4 ,a wise policy would have dictated such a careful respect for private rights and such a deference to native traditions as might conceivably have weakened the determination of the ,belgians to resist to the death those who had violated their national independence4 ,but ,prussia is incapable of such a policy4 ,in any territory which she occupies1 whether temporarily or permanently1 her only method is terror and her only aim loot4 ,she did indeed send some of her tame ,socialists to ,brussels to embark on the hopeless enterprise of persuading the ,belgian ,socialists that honour and patriotism were ideologies bourgeoises and that the economic interests of ,belgium would be best promoted by a submission4 ,these pedantic barbarians got the answer which they deserved2 but on their pettifogging thesis ,raemaekers' cartoon is perhaps the best commentary4 ,the prosperity of ,belgium under ,prussian rule has consisted in the systematic looting1 in violation of international law1 of the wealth accumulated by the free citizens of ,belgium1 for the advantage of their ,prussian rulers2 while to the mass of the people it has brought and1 until it is forever destroyed1 can bring nothing but that slavery which the ,prussians have themselves accepted and which they would now impose upon the whole civilization of ,europe4 ,,cecil ,,chesterton4 ,illustration3 ,,prosperity ,,reigns ,,in ,,flanders ,four hundred and eighty millions of francs have been imposed as a war tax1 but soup is given gratis4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,last ,,hohenzollern ,behind him stands the embodiment of all that ,prussian kultur and efficiency mean1 wooden uninventiveness1 clockwork accuracy of movement--without soul or inspiration4 ,he himself is thin and scraggy--,raemaekers has intensified these characteristics1 but even so the caricature of the reality is more accurate than unkind4 ,many months ago1 this vacuous heir of the house of ,hohenzollern set to work on the task of overcoming ,france1 and the result 444 may be found in bundles of four1 going back to the incinerators beyond ,aix1 in the piled corpses before the ,french positions at and about ,verdun2 some of the results1 the swag of the decadent burglar1 went back in sacks from the chateaux that this despicable thing polluted and robbed as might any ,sikes from ,portland or ,pentonville4 ,he is the embodiment1 himself1 of the last phase of ,prussian kultur4 ,somewhere back in the history of ,prussia its rulers had to invent and to create1 and then kultur brought forth hard men2 later1 it became possible to copy1 and then kultur brought forth mechanical perfection rather than creative perfection1 systematized its theories of life and work1 and brought into being a class of men just a little meaner1 more rigid1 more automaton-like1 than the original class2 having reduced life to one system1 and that without soul or ideal1 kultur brought forth types lacking more and more in originality4 ,here stands the culminating type2 he will copy the good ,german ,gott--he is incapable of originating anything--and will do the same to ,france4 ,as far as lies in his power1 he has done it2 in the day of reckoning1 ,germany will judge how he has done it1 and it is to be hoped that ,germany will give him his just reward1 for no punishment could be more fitting4 ,the rest of the world already knows his vacuity1 his utter uselessness1 his criminal decadence4 ,as his father was stripped of the ,garter1 so is he here shown stripped of the attributes to which1 in earlier days1 he made false claim4 ,there remains a foolish knave posturing--and that is the real ,crown ,prince of ,germany4 ,e4 ,,charles ,,vivian4 ,illustration3 ,,gott ,,strafe ,,england6 ,father says ,i have to do the same with ,france4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,piracy ,in the summer of #aiad ,germany stood before the world1 a nation of immense1 and to a great extent of most honourable1 achievement4 ,her military greatness had never been in dispute4 ,but in the previous twenty years she had developed an internal industry and an external commerce on a scale and with a rapidity entirely unprecedented4 ,she had to build a navy such as no nation had ever constructed in so short a time4 ,she seemed destined to progress in the immediate future as she had progressed in the immediate past4 ,what has the madness for world conquest done for her now8 ,she has made enemies of all1 and made all her enemies suffer4 ,like the strong blind man of history1 she has seized the columns of civilization and brought the whole temple down4 ,but has she not destroyed herself utterly amid the ruins8 ,her industry is paralyzed1 her commerce gone4 ,her navy is dishonoured4 ,some force she still possesses at sea1 but it is force to be expended on sea piracy alone4 ,and it is not piracy that can save her4 ,at most1 in her extremity1 it will do for her what a life belt does for a lone figure in a deserted ocean4 ,it prolongs the agony that precedes inevitable extinction4 ,it is the throw of the desperate gambler that ,germany has made1 when she flings this last vestige of her honour into the sea4 ,,arthur ,,pollen4 ,illustration3 ,,tirpitz',s ,,last ,,hope--,,piracy ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,weeping1 ,,she ,,hath ,,wept ,while a world of mourners is plaintively asking1 ,what has become of our brave dead1 where are they8 ,alas6 how dark is the world without them1 how silent the home1 how sad the heart2 whilst the mourner is groping like the blind woman for her lost treasure1 the ,belgian mother1 and the ,belgian widow1 and the ,belgian orphan are on their knees1 praying1 ,eternal rest give to them1 ,o ,lord2 let a perpetual light shine upon them1 the ,christian plea that has echoed down the ages from the day of the ,maccabees till now1 exhorting us to pray for the dead that they may be loosed from their sins4 ,i would remind the broken-hearted mother beseeching me to tell her where can her brave boy be gone1 adding1 ,his was such a lonely journey2 did he find his way to ,god8 of the words of the poet1 who finds his answer to her question in the flight of a sea bird sailing sunward from the winter snows3 ,there is a ,power whose care ,teaches thy way along the pathless coast1 ,the desert and illimitable air1 ,lone1 wandering but not lost3 ,he who from zone to zone ,guides1 through the boundless sky1 thy certain flight1 ,in the lone way which thou must tread alone ,will lead thy steps aright4 ,the brave soldier1 who in the discharge of high duty has been suddenly shot into eternity by the fire of the enemy1 will surely1 far more easily than the migrating bird1 wing his flight to ,god1 ,who1 let us pray1 will not long withhold him the happy-making vision of ,heaven4 ,pilgrims homeward-bound1 as you readily understand1 at different stages of their journey will picture ,heaven to themselves differently1 according as light or darkness1 joy or sorrow encompass them4 ,some will picture ,heaven as the ,everlasting ,holiday after the drudgery of school life1 others as ,eternal ,happiness after a life of suffering and sorrow1 others again as ,home after exile1 and some others as never-ending ,rapture in the sight of ,god4 ,but to-day1 when frightfulness is the creed of the enemy1 and warfare with atrocities is his gospel1 very many amongst us1 weary with the long-drawn battle1 sick with its ever-recurring horrors1 and broken by its ghastly revelations1 will lift up their eyes to a land beyond the stars4 ,,father ,,bernard ,,vaughan4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,widows ,,of ,,belgium ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,military ,,necessity ,it may be asserted that the plea of ,frightfulness will not be recognized a military necessity when ,germany is judged1 and that this enemy of civilization1 even as the enemy of society1 will be held responsible for its crimes1 though they stand as far above the imagination as beyond the power of a common felon4 ,bill ,sikes may justly claim military necessity for his thefts and murders1 if ,germany can do so for hers4 ,under ,article ,no4 #df of the ,regulations of ,the ,hague1 we learn that ,family honour and rights1 individual life and private property must be respected1 and1 under ,article ,no4 #dg1 all pillage is expressly forbidden4 ,but while it was a political necessity to subscribe to that fundamental formula of civilization1 ,germany's heart recognized no real need to do so1 and secretly1 in cold blood1 at the inspiration of her educated and well-born rulers1 she plotted the details of a campaign of murder1 rape1 arson1 and pillage1 which demanded the breaking of her oath as its preliminary4 ,well might her ,chancellor laugh at the scrap of paper1 which stood between ,germany and ,belgium1 when he reflected on the long list of sacred assurances his perjured country had already planned to break4 ,no viler series of events1 in ,northern ,france alone1 can be cited than those extracted from the note-books of captured and fallen ,germans4 ,such blood-stained pages must be a tithe of those that returned to ,germany1 but they furnish a full story of what the rank and file accomplished at the instigation and example of their officers4 ,space precludes quotation2 but one may refer the reader to ,germany's ,violations of the ,laws of ,war1,a published under the auspices of the ,french ,foreign ,office4 ,it is a book that should be on the tables at the ,peace ,conference4 ,we cannot hang an army for these unspeakable offences1 or treat those who burn a village of living beings as we would treat one who made a bonfire of his fellow-man2 nor can we condemn to penal servitude a whole nation for bestial outrages on humanity1 ordered by its ,higher ,command and executed by its troops2 but at least we may hope soon to find the offending ,empire under police supervision of ,europe1 with a ticket-of-leave1 whose conditions shall be as strict as an outraged earth knows how to draw them4 ,,eden ,,phillpotts4 ,footnote ,a3 ,english translation4 ,heinemann4 ,illustration3 ,,on ,,ticket-,,of-,,leave ,,convict3 ,the next time ,i'll wear a ,german helmet and plead 'military necessity4' ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,liberte6 ,,liberte1 ,,cherie6 ,there have been many surprises in this war4 ,the evil surprises1 patiently1 scientifically1 diabolically matured in the dark for the upsetting and downcasting of a too-trusting world by the enemy of mankind1 whose ,teuton-faith will surely forever outrival that ,punic-faith which has hitherto been the by-word for perfidious treachery4 ,the heartening surprises of gallant little ,belgium and ,serbia2 the renascence of ,russia2 the wonderful upleap to the needs of the times by ,great1 and still more by ,greater ,britain2 and1 not least1 the bracing of the loins of our closest ,allies just across the water4 ,in the very beginning1 when the ,huns tore up that scrap of paper which represented their honour and their right to a place among decent dwellers on the earth1 and came sweeping like a dirty flood over ,belgium and ,northern ,france1 the overpowering remembrance of #ahgj still lay heavy on our sorely-tried neighbours4 ,they had not yet quite found themselves4 ,the ,huns had a mighty reputation for invincibility4 ,it seemed impossible to stand against them4 ,there were waverings1 even crumplings4 ,there were said to be treacheries in high places4 ,the black flood swept on4 ,von ,kluck was heading for ,paris1 and seemed likely to get there4 ,then suddenly1 miraculously as it seemed1 his course was diverted4 ,he was tossed aside and flung back4 ,and it is good to recall the reason he himself is said to have given for his failure4 ,at ,mons the ,british taught the ,french how to die4 ,that is a great saying and worthy of preservation for all time4 ,whether ,von ,kluck said it or not does not matter4 ,it represents and immortalizes a mighty fact4 ,france was bending under the terrible impact4 ,britain stood and died4 ,france braced her loins and they have been splendidly braced ever since4 ,the ,huns were found to be resistible1 vulnerable1 breakable4 ,the old verve and elan came back with all the old fire1 and along with these1 new depths of grim courage and tenacity1 and1 we are told1 of spirituality1 which may be the making of a new ,france greater than the world has ever known4 ,and that we shall welcome4 ,france1 ,belgium1 ,serbia1 ,russia have suffered in ways we but faintly comprehend on this side of the water4 ,when the ,great ,settling ,day conies1 this new higher spirit of ,france will1 it is to be devoutly hoped1 make for restraint in the universal craving for vengeance1 and prove a weighty factor in the righteous re-adjustment of things and the proper fitting together of the jig-saw map of ,europe4 ,,john ,,oxenham4 ,illustration3 ,,liberte6 ,,liberte1 ,,cherie6 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,i--,a ,,knavish ,,piece ,,of ,,work ,there can be no defence of the spirit of hatred in which the ,germans have1 so fatally for their future1 carried on this amazing mad war of theirs1 in violation of all human instincts of self-respect and self-preservation1 to say nothing of the obligations of religion and morality observed among mankind from the first dawnings of civilization4 ,the knavery1 the villainy1 and the besotted bestiality of it can never be forgotten1 and must never be forgiven1 and ,louis ,raemaekers1 gifted as he is with the rare dramatic genius that discriminates his ,cartoons1 has but discharged an obvious patriotic duty in publishing them to the world at large1 as true and faithful witnesses to the unspeakable and inexpiable abominations wrought throughout ,belgium and ,french ,flanders by the ,germans--which1 already1 in the course of ,divine retribution1 have involved their own country in material losses it will take from three to four generations to repair2 and their once honoured name in contempt1 and reprobation1 and infamy1 wherefrom it can never be redeemed4 ,nevertheless1 as an ,englishman1 ,i shrink from giving any emphasis there may be in my hand and signature to these righteously condemnatory and withering cartoons2 and because1 each one of them1 as ,i turn to it1 brings more and more crushingly home to me the transcending sin of ,england--of every individual ,englishman with a vote for ,members of ,parliament--in not having prepared for this war2 a sin that has implicated us in the destruction of the whole rising generation of the flower of our manhood2 and1 before this date1 would have brought us under subjection to ,germany but for the confidence placed by the rank and file of the ,british people and nation in ,lord ,kitchener of ,khartum4 ,now--face to face with enemies--from the ,kaiser downward to his humblest subjects--animated by the highest1 noblest ideals1 but again perverted for a time--as in the case of their ancestors in the ,middle ,ages--by a secular epidemic of ,panmania1 they are to be faced not with idle reproaches and revilings1 still less with undignified taunts and gibes1 but with close-drawn lips and clenched teeth1 in the determination that1 once having cast ,satan out of them1 he shall be bound down to keep the peace of ,christendom--for a thousand years4 ,,george ,,birdwood4 ,illustration3 ,,we',,ll ,,give ,,you ,,the ,,title ,,of ,,mpret ,,of ,,poland ,the new ,governor has had the title of ,mpret given to him1 the same that was given to the ill-starred ,prince of ,wied when made ruler of ,albania in #aiad4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,ii--,,sisyphus1--,,his ,,stone ,sisyphus1 as the story goes1 was a ,king who widely extended the commerce1 and largely increased the wealth1 of ,corinth1 but by avaricious and fraudful ways2 for the sin whereof he was sentenced after death to the unresting labour of rolling up a hill in ,tartarus1 a huge unhewn block of stone1 which so soon as he gets it to the hill top1 for all his efforts1 rolls down again4 ,in classical representation of the scene he is associated with ,tantalus and ,ixion2 ,tantalus1 who1 presuming too much on his relations with ,zeus1 was after death afflicted with an unquenchable thirst amidst flowing fountains and pellucid lakes--like the lakes of ,the ,thirst of the ,antelope in the marvellous mirages of ,rajputana and ,mesopotamia--that ever elude his anguished approaches2 and with ,ixion1 the meanest and basest of cheats1 and most demoniac of murderers1 whose posthumous punishment was in being stretched1 and broken1 and bound1 in the figure of the svastika1 on a wheel which1 self-moved--like the wheels of the vision of ,ezekiel--whirls forevermore round and round the abyss of the nether world4 ,the moral of these tortures is that we may well and most wisely leave vengeance to the high ,gods4 ,they will repay6 ,,george ,,birdwood4 ,illustration3 ,,sisyphus ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,concrete ,,foundations ,nothing has damned the ,germans more in the eyes of other nations1 belligerent and neutral alike1 and nothing will have a more subtle and lasting influence on future relations1 than the revelation of stealthy preparation for conquest under a mask of innocent and friendly intercourse4 ,the whole process of peaceful penetration1 pursued in a thousand ways with infernal ingenuity and relentless determination1 is an exhibition of systematic treachery such as all the ,macchiavellis have never conceived4 ,germany has revealed herself as a nation of spies and assassins4 ,to take advantage of a neighbour's unsuspecting hospitality1 to enter his house with an air of open friendship1 in order to stab him in the back at a convenient moment1 is an act of the basest treachery1 denounced by all mankind in all ages4 ,no one would be more shocked by it in private life than the ,germans themselves4 ,but when it is undertaken methodically on a national scale under the influence of ,deutschland ueber ,alles1 the same conduct becomes ennobled in their eyes1 they throw themselves into it with enthusiasm and lose all sense of honour4 ,such is the moral perversion worked by ,kultur and the ,german theory of the ,state4 ,an inevitable consequence is that in future the movements and proceedings of ,germans in other countries will be watched with intense suspicion1 and if ,governments do not prevent the sort of thing depicted by ,mr4 ,raemaekers the people will see to it themselves4 ,the cartoon is not1 of course1 intended to reflect personally on the owner of ,krupp's works1 who is said to be a gentle-minded and blameless lady4 ,it is her misfortune to be associated by the chance of inheritance with the ,german war machine and one of the underhand methods by which it has pursued its aims4 ,a4 ,,shadwell4 ,illustration3 ,,on ,,concrete ,,foundations ,,big ,,bertha3 ,what a charming view over ,flushing harbour6 ,may ,i build a villa here8 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,pallas ,,athene ,has it come to this8 ,well may the ,goddess ask this question4 ,times are indeed changed since the heroic days4 ,germany has still her great ,greek scholars1 one or two of them among the greatest living1 men who know1 and can feel1 the spirit1 as well as the letter1 of the old ,classics4 ,do they remember to-day what the relation of the ,goddess of ,wisdom was to the ,god of ,war1 in ,homer1 when1 to use the ,latin names which are perhaps more familiar1 to the general reader than the ,greek1 ,mars indulged in lawless rage1 and ,jove sent ,juno and ,minerva to check his frightfulness8 ,go6 and the great ,minerva be thine aid2 ,to tame the monster-god ,minerva knows1 ,and oft afflicts his brutal breast with woes4 and how the hero ,diomede1 with ,minerva's aid1 wounded the divine bully and sent him bellowing and whimpering back1 only to hear from his father the just rebuke3 ,to me1 perfidious6 this lamenting strain8 ,of lawless force shall lawless ,mars complain8 ,of all the gods who tread the spangled skies1 ,thou most unjust1 most odious in our eyes6 ,inhuman discord is thy dear delight1 ,the waste of slaughter1 and the rage of fight6 ,it is most true4 ,such has ever been ,war for ,war's sake1 and when the ,germans themselves are wounded and beaten1 they complain like ,mars of old of lawless force4 ,but ,raemaekers has introduced another touch more ,roman than ,greek1 and reminding us perhaps of ,tacitus rather than of ,homer4 ,who was ,caligula1 and what does his name mean8 ,little ,jack-boots1 in his childhood the spoiled child of the camp1 as a man1 and ,caesar1 the first of the thoroughly mad1 as well as bad1 ,emperors of ,rome1 the first to claim divine honours in his lifetime1 to pose as an artist and an architect1 an orator and a litterateur1 to have executions carried out under his own eyes1 and while he was at meals2 who made himself a ,god1 and his horse a ,consul4 ,minerva blacking the boots of ,caligula--it is a clever combination6 ,but there is an even worse use of ,pallas1 which ,war and the ,german ,war-lords have made4 ,they have found a new ,pallas of their own1 not the supernal ,goddess of ,heavenly ,wisdom and ,moderation1 but her infernal counterfeit1 sung of by a famous ,english poet in prophetic lines that come back to us to-day with new force4 ,who loves not ,knowledge1 who shall rail ,against her beauty1 may she mix ,with men and prosper1 who shall fix ,her pillars8 let her work prevail---- ,yes1 but how do the lines continue8 ,what is she cut from love and faith ,but some wild ,pallas from the brain ,of ,demons1 fiery hot to burst ,all barriers in her onward race ,for power8 ,let her know her place1 ,she is the second1 not the first4 ,knowledge is power1 but1 unrestrained by conscience1 a very awful power4 ,this is the ,pallas whom the ,demons1 from whose brain she has sprung1 are using for their demoniac purposes4 ,she too might have her portrait painted--and they4 ,perhaps ,raemaekers will paint them both before he has done4 ,,herbert ,,warner4 ,illustration3 ,,pallas ,,athene ,has it come to this8 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,wonders ,,of ,,culture ,of all forms of ,kultur or frightfulness that which materializes in the the terror which flieth by night is to the intelligent mind at one and the same time the most insensate and damnable4 ,it fails to accomplish1 either in ,paris or in ,london1 the subjugation by terror of the people for which ,germans seem to hope4 ,it is only in ,german imagination that it accomplishes material and satisfactory damage to forts1 camps1 arsenals1 and fortified towns4 ,in reality it inflicts misery and death upon a mere handful of people 7horrible as that may be7 and destroys chiefly the homes of the poor4 ,it serves no military end1 and the damage done is out of all proportion to the expenditure of energy and material used to accomplish it4 ,the fine cartoon which ,raemaekers has drawn to bring home to the imagination what this form of ,kultur stands for makes it easy for us in ,london to sympathize with our brothers and sisters in ,paris4 ,we have as yet been spared daylight raids in the ,metropolitan area1 and so we needed this cartoon to enable us to realize fully what ,kultur by indiscriminate ,zeppelin bombs means4 ,who cannot see the cruel drama played out in that ,paris street8 ,the artist has assembled for us in a few living figures all the actors4 ,the dead woman2 the orphaned child1 as yet scarcely realizing her loss2 the bereaved workman1 calling down the vengeance of ,heaven upon the murderers from the air2 the stern faces of the sergents de ville1 evidently feeling keenly their impotence to protect2 and in the background other sergents1 the lines of whose bent backs convey in a marvellous manner and with a touch of real genius the impression of tender solicitude for the injured they are tending4 ,and faintly indicated1 further still in the background1 the crowd that differs little1 whether it be ,french or ,english1 in its deeper emotions4 ,,clive ,,holland4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,wonders ,,of ,,culture ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,folk ,,who ,,do ,,not ,,understand ,,them ,how often have ,i been asked by sorrow-stricken mothers and wives3 ,why does not ,providence intervene either to stop this war1 or at least to check its cruelties and horrors8 ,if for many amongst us not yet bereaved this ,european massacre is a puzzle1 it should not cause us dismay or surprise1 if the widow or son-bereaved mother lifts up her hands exclaiming3 ,why did not ,god save him8 ,why did ,he let him be shot down by those ,huns8 ,truth to tell1 ,god has1 so to speak1 tied up ,his own hands in setting ours free4 ,when ,he placed the human race upon the surface of this planet ,he dowered them with freedom1 giving to each man self-determining force1 by the exercise of which he was to become better than a man or worse than a beast4 ,good and evil1 like wheat and cockle1 grow together1 in the same field4 ,the winnowing is at harvest-time1 not before4 ,meanwhile1 we ourselves have lived to see the fairest portions of this fair creation of ,god changed from a garden into a desert--pillaged1 ravaged1 and brought to utter ruin by shot and shell1 sword and fire4 ,when ,i have said this1 ,i have but uttered a foreword to the hideous story1 spoken the prologue only of the frightful tragedy4 ,we are all familiar with at least some of the revolting facts and details with which the ,german soldiery has been found charged and convicted by ,commissions appointed to investigate the crimes and atrocities adduced against them4 ,the verdicts of ,french1 ,belgian1 and ,english tribunals are unanimous4 ,they all agree that ,germany has been caught redhanded in her work of dyeing the map of ,europe red with innocent blood4 ,when you bend your eyes to the pathetic cartoon standing opposite this letterpress1 is there not brought home to you in a way1 touching even to tears1 the frightful consequences of the misuse of human powers1 more especially of the attribute of freedom8 ,if ,germany had chosen to use1 instead of brute force1 moral force1 what a great1 grand1 and glorious mission might have been hers to-day4 ,if1 instead of trying the impossible task of dominating the whole world with her iron hand upon its throat and her iron heel upon its foot1 she had been satisfied with the portion of the map already belonging to her1 and had not by processes of bureaucratic tyranny driven away millions of her subjects who preferred liberty to slavery1 ,america to ,germany1 by this date she might have consolidated an ,empire second in the world to none but one4 ,alas6 in her over-reaching arrogance she has1 on the contrary1 set out to de-,christianize1 de-civilize1 and even de-humanize the race for which ,christ lived and died4 ,our high mission it is to try to save her from herself4 ,already ,i can read written in letters of blood carved into the gravestone of her corrupted greatness1 ,ill-weaved ambition1 ,how much art thou shrunk6 ,,bernard ,,vaughan4 ,illustration3 ,,les ,,beautes ,,de ,,la ,,guerre ,folk who do not understand them4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,on ,,the ,,way ,,to ,,calais ,they are coming1 like a tempest1 in their endless ranks of gray1 ,while the world throws up a cloud of dust upon their awful way2 ,they're the glorious cannon fodder of the mighty ,fatherland1 ,born to make the kingdoms tremble and the nations understand4 ,tramp6 ,tramp6 ,tramp6 the cannon fodder come ,along their way to ,calais1 7,god help the hearth and home7 ,they'll do his will who taught them1 on the earth and on the waves1 ,till land and sea are festering with their unnumbered graves4 ,the garrison and barrack and the fortress give them vent2 ,they sweep1 a herd of winter wolves1 upon the flying scent2 ,for all their deeds of horror they are told that death atones1 ,and their master's harvest cannot spring till he has sowed their bones4 ,into beasts of prey he's turned them2 when they show their teeth and growl4 ,the lash is buried in their cheeks2 they're slaughtered if they howl2 ,to their bloody ,lord of ,battles must they only bend the knee1 ,for hard as steel and fierce as hell should cannon fodder be4 ,scourge and curses are their portion1 pain and hunger without end1 ,till they hail the yell of shrapnel as the welcome of a friend2 ,they drink and burn and rape and laugh to hear the women cry1 ,and do the devil's work to-day1 but on the morrow die4 ,drift6 ,drift6 ,drift6 the cannon fodder go ,upon their way to ,calais1 7,god feed the carrion crow47 ,they've done his will who taught them that the ,germans shall be slaves1 ,till land and sea are festering with their unnumbered graves4 ,,eden ,,phillpotts4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,yser4 ,we are on our way to ,calais4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,von ,,bethmann-,,hollweg ,,and ,,truth ,incorrupta ,fides1 nudaque ,veritas ,,horace ,good ,faith unstained1 and ,truth all-unadorned ,nuda veritas3 it was ,horace who in a famous ,ode first presented the figure of ,truth thus4 ,and whom did he make her companions and sisters8 ,they were three1 and their names were ,modesty1 ,fair ,dealing1 and ,good ,faith4 ,the four sisters do indeed go together in a quadruple alliance and entente1 and when one is flouted or estranged1 the others are alienated and become enemies too4 ,the ,germans were believed to be--some few still believe them to be--a truth-loving nation4 ,they had a passion1 we were told1 for truth1 for accuracy1 for scientific exactness4 ,theirs might be a blunt and brutal frankness1 but they were at least downright and truthful4 ,well1 they first flouted ,modesty--they bragged and blustered1 bluffed and bounded4 ,they could not keep it up4 ,they had to act4 ,fair ,dealing went by the board4 ,then ,good ,faith became impossible1 for1 as this very von ,bethmann-,hollweg declared1 ,necessity knew no law4 ,now they have forsaken ,truth4 ,they must deceive their own people4 ,the lie has entered into their soul4 ,never was so systematic a use made of falsehoods small and great4 ,but ,truth expelled is not powerless4 ,naked1 she is still not weaponless4 ,she has her little periscope1 her magic mirror1 which shows the liar himself1 as well as the world1 what he is like4 ,and she has another weapon1 as those who know their ,paradise ,lost will remember3 ,bright ,ithuriel's lance ,truth kindling truth where'er it glance ,it is not shown here1 for it is invisible1 but none the less potent4 ,with it ,truth can indeed shame the devil4 ,she not only shows what the liar is like outside1 but reveals his inner hideousness1 and actual shape1 for all to see4 ,there are many sayings about ,truth1 and they are all awkward for the liar4 ,truth will out1 said a witty ,english judge1 even in an affidavit4 ,it will out1 even in a ,german ,chancellor's dementi4 ,the most famous is ,magna est veritas et praevalet ,great is ,truth and she prevails1 in the end4 ,yes1 ,she is on the path1 and nothing will stop her4 ,she started on the hills of the little but free republic of ,switzerland2 she is slowly traversing the plains of the vast free republic of ,america4 ,her last contest will be over the ,germans themselves4 ,,herbert ,,warren4 ,illustration3 ,,von ,,bethmann-,,hollweg ,,and ,,truth ,truth is on the path and nothing will stay her4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,van ,,tromp ,,and ,,de ,,ruyter ,a generation ago a little clique of wise men at ,oxford patted themselves on the back for having discovered ,the ,historical ,method4 ,but the common people of all countries have always known it4 ,the names of the great dead are not forgotten1 nor yet the great things for which they stood4 ,there may be no strict liturgy for the ancestor worship of the ,west1 but that worship is a simple fact1 and it is a thing that timorous politicians would do well to remember4 ,here ,raemaekers appeals to his countrymen to regard their past1 to be worthy of the great seamen who took the ,dutch fleet up the ,medway1 and lashed brooms to the mast-head of the ships that swept the sea clear of ,british enemies4 ,the ,dutch were fighting for their liberty then4 ,great ,britain is fighting for liberty in ,europe to-day--and for ,dutch liberty to boot4 ,the enemy of all liberty uses ,holland as a short cut whereby her pirates of the air can get more quickly to their murder work in ,england4 ,would the hero ancestors1 of whom the ,dutch so boast1 have tolerated this indignity8 ,the artist seer supplies the answer4 ,note the mixture of the ghostly and the real in this vivid and vivacious drawing4 ,but if it is easy to see through the faint outlines of the sailor spirits1 it is easier for these gallant ghosts to see through the unrealities of their descendants' fears and hesitations4 ,the anger of the heroes is plainly too great for words4 ,how compressed the lips6 ,how tense the attitude6 ,the hands gripped in the angriest sort of impatience6 ,mark the subtle mingling of seaman and burgher in the poise and figures4 ,mark particularly ,van ,tromp's stiffened forefinger on his staff4 ,is the fate of ,l#ai the fruit of our artist's stinging reminder that ,holland once had nobler spirits and braver days8 ,,arthur ,,pollen4 ,illustration3 ,,van ,,tromp ,,and ,,de ,,ruyter ,so long as you permit ,zeppelins to cross our land you surely should cease to boast of our deeds4 ,whenever a ,dutchman wishes to speak of the great past of his country he calls to mind the names of these heroes4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,war ,,and ,,christ ,the deliberate war made by ,prussia in all those areas which she can reach or occupy against the symbols and sacred objects of the ,christian faith is a phenomenon in every way worthy of consideration4 ,it is clearly not a matter of accident4 ,the bombardment at ,rheims ,cathedral1 for example1 can be proved to have been deliberate4 ,it had no military object2 and the subsequent attempts to manufacture a military reason for it only produced a version of the occurrence not only incredible but in flat contradiction to the original admissions of the ,germans themselves4 ,but such episodes as those of ,rheims and ,louvain merely attract the attention of the world because of the celebrity of the outraged shrines4 ,all who are familiar with the facts know that deliberate sacrilege no less than deliberate rape and deliberate murder has everywhere marked the track of the ,german army4 ,the offence has been malignant4 ,that does not1 of course1 mean that it has been irrational2 quite the contrary4 ,one fully admits that ,prussia1 being what she is1 has every cause to hate the ,cross1 and every motive to vent the agonized fury of a lost soul upon things sacred to the ,god she hates4 ,the moral suggested by this cartoon of ,raemaekers' must not be confused with the ridiculous and unhistoric pretence that war itself is essentially unchristian4 ,when ,mr4 ,bernard ,shaw1 if ,i remember right1 drew from the affair of ,rheims the astonishing moral that we cannot have at the same time glorious wars and glorious cathedrals1 he might surely have remembered that the age in which ,rheims ,cathedral was built1 whatever else it was1 was not an age of ,pacifism4 ,the insult to ,jesus ,christ is not in the sword 7which in ,his own words ,he came to bring71 but in the profanation of the sword4 ,it is in cruelty1 injustice1 treachery1 unbridled lust1 the worship of unrighteous strength--in fact1 in all that can be summed up in the single word ,prussia4 ,,cecil ,,chesterton4 ,illustration3 ,,war ,,and ,,christ ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,barbed ,,wire ,save for the spiked helmets1 the gruesome figures in the foreground of this cartoon might have belonged in life to any one of the warring nationalities4 ,it is a noteworthy fact1 however1 that not one of the nations at war has shown so little care for its dead as ,germany1 whose corpses lie and rot on every front on which they are engaged4 ,the world cannot blame ,germany for the introduction of barbed wire as an accessory of war1 though it is well known that ,german wire surpasses any other in sheer devilish ingenuity2 not that it is more effective as an entanglement1 but its barbs are longer1 and are set more closely together1 than in the wire used by other nationalities2 it is1 in short1 more frightful1 and thus is in keeping with the rest of the accessories of the ,german war machine4 ,but this in the cartoon is normal barbed wire1 with its normal burden4 ,one may question whether the ,all-,highest ,war ,lord1 who in the course of his many inspections of the various fronts must have seen sights like this1 is ever troubled by the thought that these1 his men1 lie and hang thus for his pleasure1 that their ghastly fate is a part of his glorious plan4 ,he set out to remake the world1 and here is one of the many results--broken corpses in the waste4 ,part of the plan1 broken corpses in the waste4 ,by the waste and the corpses that he made shall men remember the author and framer of this greatest war4 ,e4 ,,charles ,,vivian4 ,illustration3 ,,barbed ,,wire ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,higher ,,politics ,there is a significance in this cartoon which ,i believe will appeal much more strongly to the firing line than to ,home4 ,the ,front distrusts politics1 and especially the higher politics4 ,that means the juggling and wire-pulling of the ,chancelleries1 and the ,front has an uneasy conviction that at the subtleties and craftiness and cunning of the diplomatic game we cannot compete with ,the ,bosche4 ,hard knocks and straight fighting the ,front does understand1 and at that game are cheerfully confident of winning in the long run4 ,it would be bitter news to the fighting men that any peace had been patched up on any terms but those the ,allies soon or late will be in a position to dictate1 to lay down and say flatly1 ,take them and have ,peace2 or leave them and go on getting licked4 ,the ,front doesn't like ,war4 ,no man who has endured the horrors and savagery and blood1 mud1 and misery of civilized warfare could pretend to like it4 ,no man who has endured the long-drawn misery of manning the waterlogged trenches for days and weeks and months can look forward with anything but apprehension to another winter of war4 ,no man who has attacked across the inferno of the shell-and-bullet-swept neutral ground1 or has hung on with tight-clenched teeth to the battered ruins of the forward fire trench under a murderous rain of machine-gun and rifle bullets1 a howling tempest of shells1 an earth-shaking tornado of high explosives1 can but long for the day when ,peace will be declared and these horrors will be no more than a past nightmare4 ,but the ,front will stick it for another winter or several winters1 will go through many bitter attacks and counter-attacks to win the complete victory that will ensure1 and alone will ensure1 lasting peace4 ,we know our limitations and our weaknesses4 ,we admit that1 as the ,american journalist bluntly put it1 we are poor starters1 but we know just as surely he was right in completing the phrase1 but darn good finishers4 ,let the higher politicians on our side stand down and leave the fighting men to finish the argument4 ,let them keep the ring clear1 and let the ,front fight it out4 ,the ,front doesn't mind taking the responsibility1 and it will give ,kaiser ,bill and ,little ,willie all the responsibilities they can handle before the ,great ,game is over4 ,,boyd ,,cable4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,higher ,,politics ,,the ,,kaiser ,we will propose peace terms2 if they accept them1 we are the gainers1 if they refuse them1 the responsibility will rest with them4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,loan ,,game ,raemaekers is pitiless1 but never oversteps the truth4 ,national ,debts are ever national millstones1 worn around the neck4 ,they are worn unwillingly1 and they are not ornamental2 they are a burden1 and the weight is sometimes crushing4 ,a prospect of that sort seems to be the lot of several of the ,great ,powers of ,europe for the remainder1 and the greater portion1 of the ,twentieth ,century4 ,though ,german civilization were more worthy of such a term and its associations as ,kultur ten times over1 would it become any ,potentate and his advisers to impose it on so many countries at such a cost in suffering as all this--and more8 ,but ,kaiser ,wilhelm and his crew of ,state-at-any-price men impose not on other peoples only3 they impose on their own kith and kin4 ,look at these three sad and apprehensive figures playing the ,loan ,game--the first1 the second1 the third ,loan6 ,children1 says the artist1 passing the coin from one hand to another's1 and getting richer at each pass66 ,yes1 children1 the ,german people treated so by a few dominies4 ,state dominies and the ,director 7or dupe67 at ,berlin6 ,no people gains1 every people loses by incurring a ,debt2 but in ,germany1 and to-day6 to incur an indebtedness1 contract a loss1 does not suffice2 the people must not know it4 ,even the children know that coin has not left them richer3 many1 very many ,germans know the ,kultur ,war to be ruinous3 but ,berlin must play the ,game still1 and assume that the tricks and aims cannot be understood6 ,it is lack of regard for other nations carried into ,german ,finance2 and all because the bureaucratic military heart is a stone4 ,the piling up of ,state paper goes on1 but not merrily1 as ,michael goes from ,darlehnkasse to ,reichsbank1 one1 two1 three 7and is about to go the fourth time674 ,this game of processions to the ,kasse does not increase the available wealth within beleaguered ,germany3 and the #ajj-mark ,note has no reference to material wealth securing it4 ,now1 the ,commercial magnates of ,germany realize the crushing fact--,no indemnity possible66 and what of the ,notes which are held8 ,when shades of night fall heavily1 and the ,loan ,game can be played no more1 will the ,german people1 tricked and impoverished1 go to bed supperless and silent8 ,german finance ,,is a scrap of paper4 ,w4 ,m4 ,j4 ,,williams4 ,illustration3 ,,we ,,don',t ,,understand ,,this ,,loan ,,game ,in ,germany there is a game by which children passing a coin from one to another are supposed to but do not get richer4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,a ,,war ,,of ,,rapine ,true1 ,o ,liebknecht1 it is indeed a war of rapine1 engendered1 planned1 and brought about by the nation to which you belong4 ,yet1 foul as is that nation1 its foulness is not greater than your futility1 by which you show up the strength of that which you oppose with as much effect as our own ,snowden and ,casement can claim for their efforts to arrest the work of the ,allies4 ,men who claim ,british birth claim also the quality of loyalty1 as a rule1 and thus there can be little sympathy with such a one as this ,liebknecht1 whom ,raemaekers shows as a little ascetic in the presence of the sombre ,war ,lord4 ,it is part of the plan of ,nature that every country shall breed men like this3 men who are constitutionally opposed to the current of affairs1 ridiculously futile1 blatantly noisy1 the type of which extreme ,socialists and ,syndicalists are made4 ,possessed of a certain obstinacy which is almost akin to courage1 they accomplish nothing1 save to remain in the public eye4 ,such is ,liebknecht1 apostle of a creed that would save the world by the gospel of mediocrity1 were human nature other than it is4 ,but1 in considering this ,liebknecht1 let us not forget that he has no more love for ,england1 or for any of the ,allies1 than the giant whom he attempts so vainly to oppose3 he is an apostle1 not of peace1 but of mere obstruction1 perhaps well-meaning in his way1 but as futile as the ,crown ,prince1 and as ludicrous4 ,e4 ,,charles ,,vivian4 ,illustration3 ,,luther-,,liebknecht ,,in ,,the ,,reichstag ,it is a war of rapine6 ,on that ,i take my stand4 ,i cannot do otherwise4 ,liebknecht was the one member who protested against the war4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,dutch ,,junkers ,some of these drawings remind us that the great cartoonist's message was primarily delivered to his own countrymen4 ,they explain why he was accused1 but not convicted1 of endangering the neutrality of the ,netherlands4 ,he presents the ,german monster as a menace to all freedom1 and not least to the freedom of the ,dutch people4 ,germany's allies have sold theirs2 they are harnessed to the ,prussian war chariot1 and must drag it whither the driver bids them1 whip in hand4 ,the nations in arms against ,germany are fighting for their own and each other's freedom2 and the neutrals stand looking anxiously on4 ,raemaekers warns them that their freedom too is at stake4 ,he sees that it will disappear if the ,allies fail in the struggle1 and he shows his countrymen what they may expect4 ,in every country there are some ignoble souls who would rather embrace servitude than fight for freedom4 ,they have a conscientious objection to--danger4 ,how far the ,dutch ,junkers deserve ,raemaekers' satire it is not for foreigners to judge4 ,but we know the type he depicts--the sporting nuts1 with their careful get-up1 effeminate paraphernalia1 and vacuous countenances4 ,so long as they can wear a sporting costume and carry a gun they are prepared to take a menial place under a ,prussian over-lord and submit with a feeble fatalism to the loss of national independence4 ,it is light satire in keeping with the subject1 and it provides a relief to the sombre tragedy which is the artist's prevailing mood4 ,a4 ,,shadwell4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,dutch ,,junkers ,at least we shall get posts as gamekeepers when ,germany takes us after the war4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,war ,,makers ,who are the ,makers of ,wars8 ,the ,kings of the ,earth4 ,and who are these ,kings of the ,earth8 ,only men--not always even men of worth1 ,but claiming rule by right of birth4 ,and ,wisdom8--does that come by birth8 ,nay then--too often the reverse4 ,wise father oft has son perverse1 ,solomon's son was ,israel's curse4 ,why suffer things to reason so averse8 ,it always has been so1 ,and only now does knowledge grow ,to that high point where all men know-- ,who would be free must strike the blow4 ,and how long will man suffer so8 ,until his soul of ,freedom sings1 ,and1 strengthened by his sufferings1 ,he breaks the worn-out leading-strings1 ,and calls to stricter reckonings ,those costliest things--unworthy ,kings4 ,here you have them6--,pilloried for all time6 ,and what a crew6 ,these pitiful self-seekers and their dupes6 ,not the least amazing phenomenon of these most amazing times is the fact that millions of men should consent to be hurled to certain death1 and to permit the ruin of their countries1 to satisfy the insensate ambitions of rulers1 who1 when all is said and done1 are but men1 and in some cases even of alien birth and personally not specially beloved by them4 ,surely one outcome of this world-war will be the birth of a new determination in every nation that its own voice and its own will shall control its own destinies--that no one man or self-appointed clique shall swing it to ruin for his or their own selfish purposes4 ,who pays the piper must in future call the tune4 ,the world has suffered much too long4 ,o wonder of the ages-- ,o marvel of all time-- ,this wonderful great patience of the peoples6 ,how long1 ,o ,lord1 how long8 ,the answer cannot come too soon for the good of the world4 ,,john ,,oxenham4 ,illustration3 ,,vox ,,populi ,,suprema ,,lex ,the ,kaiser3 ,don't bother about your people1 ,tino4 ,people only have to applaud what we say4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,christmas ,,of ,,kultur1 ,a4,d4 #aiae ,mary1 worn with grief and fear1 covers her emaciated face with scarred hands1 as she kneels in prayer before the infant ,jesus4 ,joseph1 grown old and feeble1 nails up a barricade of planks to strengthen the door against the missiles of ,kultur already bursting through it and threatening the sleeping child4 ,so in that first ,christmas1 nineteen centuries ago1 he saved ,mary's child from the baby-massacre ordered by ,herod to preserve his own throne4 ,kultur1 the gathered wisdom of the ages1 has brought us back to the same ,holy ,war4 ,what a ,christmas6 ,what a ,festival of ,peace and goodwill towards men6 ,people ask3 ,why does ,god allow it8 ,is ,god dead8 ,foolish questions4 ,when ,i was at school ,i had the good fortune to be under a great teacher whose name is honoured to-day4 ,he used to tell us that the most terrible verse in the ,bible was3 ,so ,he gave them up unto their own hearts' lust and they walked in their own counsels 7,ps4 lxxxi1 #ac74 ,man has the knowledge of good and evil2 he has eaten of the tree and insists on going his own way4 ,he knows best4 ,is not this the age of science and ,kultur8 ,we must not cry out if the road we have chosen leads to disaster4 ,yet still the ,child of ,christmas lives and a divine light shines round ,his head4 ,he sleeps4 ,a4 ,,shadwell4 ,illustration3 ,,christmas ,,eve ,,joseph3 ,the ,holy ,war is at the door6 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,serbia ,genius has set forth the most brutal characteristic of the ,hun4 ,in moments of triumph1 invariably he is the bully1 and1 as invariably1 he wallows in brutality--witness ,belgium under his iron heel and1 in this cartoon1 stricken ,serbia impotent to ward off the blow about to be dealt by a monstrous fist4 ,that is the ,teuton conception of ,war1 ,merry ,war 7,lustige ,krieg76 ,in the ,english prize-ring we have an axiom indelibly impressed upon novices--,follow up one stout blow with another--quick6 ,that1 also1 is the consummate art of war4 ,but when a man is knocked out we don't savage him as he lies senseless at our feet4 ,the ,hun does4 ,his axiom is--,as you are strong1 be merciless6 ,in the small pig-eyes1 in the gross1 sensual lips1 the mandril-like jaw1 the misshapen ear1 ,i see not merely a lifelike portrait of a ,hun but a composite photograph of all ,huns1 something which should hang in every house in the kingdom until the terms of such a peace have been imposed which will make the shambles in ,belgium1 ,poland1 and ,serbia an eternal nightmare of the past1 never to be repeated in the future4 ,and over the anaemic hearts of the ,trevelyans1 the ,ramsay ,mac,donalds1 the ,arthur ,ponsonbys1 who dare to prattle of a peace that shall not humiliate ,germany1 ,i would have this cartoon tattooed1 not in indigo1 but in vermilion4 ,if ,ulysses ,grant exacted from the gallant ,robert ,lee ,unconditional ,surrender1 and if our generation approves--as it does--that grim ultimatum1 what will be the verdict of posterity should we as a nation--we who have been spared the unspeakable horrors under which other less isolated countries have been bled white--descend to the infamy of a compromise between the ,powers of ,darkness and ,light8 ,the ,huns respect ,force1 and nothing else4 ,mercy provokes contempt and laughter4 ,i hold no brief for reprisals upon helpless women and children2 ,i am not an advocate of what is called the commercial extermination of ,germany2 but it is my sincerest conviction that criminals must be punished4 ,the ,most ,highest ,war ,lord and his people1 not excluding the little children who held high holiday when the ,lusitania was torpedoed1 are--,,criminals4 ,,horace ,,annesley ,,vachell4 ,illustration3 ,,serbia ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,last ,,of ,,the ,,race ,raemaekers1 the master of an infinite variety of moods and touch1 reserves a special category of scorn for ,von ,tirpitz4 ,savage cruelty in war1 the wanton destruction of life and property1 the whole gospel of frightfulness--these things have been abandoned 7so the historians tell us71 not because savagery was bad morals but because it was the worst way of making war4 ,it was wiser to take the enemy's property--and put it to your own use than to destroy it4 ,if it was plundered it was wasted4 ,it was wiser to spare men1 women1 and children1 so that they should be better subjects if they remained conquered1 less irreconcilable enemies1 if they were restored to their old allegiance4 ,besides1 murder1 plunder1 and rapine demoralized your men4 ,they made them less efficient troops for fighting4 ,doubtless the argument is sound4 ,but it would never have been accepted had not the horrors of savagery been utterly loathsome and repulsive to the nations that abandoned them4 ,conventions in the direction of humanity are not1 then1 artificial restrictions in the use of force4 ,they are natural restrictions1 because all ,christian and civilized people would far rather observe them than not4 ,germany has revelled in abandoning every restraint4 ,raemaekers shows the cruelty1 the wickedness of this in scores of his drawings4 ,here it is its folly that he emphasizes4 ,the submarine is no longer a death-dealing terror4 ,it has become a blubbering fish4 ,and the author of its crimes is no diabolical triton1 but a semi-imbecile old dotard1 round whom his evil--but terrified--brood have clustered2 they fawning on him in terror1 he fondling them in shaky1 decrepit fondness4 ,note the flaccid paunch1 the withered top1 and the foolish1 hysterical face4 ,how the full-dress cocked hat shames his nakedness6 ,and this1 remember1 is the ,german ,high ,admiral as history will know him1 when the futility of his crimes is proved1 their evil put out of memory1 and only their foolishness remains6 ,,arthur ,,pollen4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,last ,,of ,,the ,,race ,,von ,,tirpitz3 ,no1 my dears1 ,i'm not sending any more of you to those wicked ,english2 the survivors shall go to the ,zoo4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,curriculum ,the nations are being educated amain1 let us hope4 ,germany has prided herself on her education1 her learning1 and on her ,kultur4 ,to-day she is beyond the calculation of all that foresight which has been her boast1 and foible4 ,human nature1 other than ,german1 has not been on the national curriculum1 and1 as in other departments of study1 what has not been reduced to rule and line is beyond the ken and apprehension4 ,how stupendously wrong a ,power which could count1 and into a ,european ,war6 on insurrection in ,india1 the ,cape1 and other parts of the ,british ,empire6 and how naively did ,herr von ,bethmann-,hollweg disclose the ,zeitgeist of ,german rulers when with passion he declared ,britain to be going to war for a scrap of paper6 ,a purpose to serve1 a treaty becomes a scrap--in ,german courtly hands4 ,the artist depicts a scene1 with masterly pencil1 where ,von ,bethmann-,hollweg himself is charged by the ,all-,highest to be schoolmaster4 ,it is a grim department of the training4 ,think of the unseen as well as that shown4 ,what you do see is the lordly1 truculent ,kaiser1 raising that menacing finger again4 ,in spacious chair1 he sits defiant1 aggressive1 as a ferocious captain2 and there opposite is the great ,chancellor1 bent1 submissive1 apprehensive1 tablet and pencil ready to take down the very word of ,kaiserly wisdom and will4 ,what is it8 ,the day's fare for a week6 reaching a climax of ,no dinner on ,saturday1 and ,hate on ,sunday6 ,educative6 of course it will be4 ,some day1 not so far1 even the ,german people will not regard the orders of the ,army and ,navy ,staff1 the cruel mercies of the ,junkers1 as a revelation of ,heaven's will4 ,three pounds of sugar for a family's monthly supply will educate1 even when the gospel of force has been preached for fifty years to a docile people4 ,many of us are in a strait betwixt two as we see how thousands of inoffensive old men1 women1 and children are made to suffer1 are placed by the ,all-,highest in this ,copper and ,hate ,school4 ,it is not this1 that1 and the other that causes this1 but the ,director of the ,school1 who does not1 while the miserable scholars do1 know what it is to endure ,no dinner1 not only on ,saturdays1 but many other days4 ,and all to gratify the mad projectors imposing ,kultur on an unwilling world6 ,w4 ,m4 ,j4 ,,williams4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,new ,,school ,,curriculum ,william3 ,write it down1 schoolmaster--,monday shall be ,copper ,day1 ,tuesday1 ,potato ,day1 ,wednesday1 ,leather ,day2 ,thursday1 ,gold ,day1 ,friday1 ,rubber ,day2 ,saturday1 ,no ,dinner ,day2 and ,sunday1 ,hate ,day6 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,dutch ,,journalist ,,to ,,his ,,belgian ,,confrere ,whether the type here taken is a true criticism of a commercial attitude in a neutral ,state like ,holland1 it does not become us to discuss4 ,raemaekers is a ,dutchman1 and doubtless a patriotic ,dutchman4 ,and the patriot1 and the patriot alone1 has not only the right but the duty of criticising his own country4 ,for us it is better to regard the figure as an international1 and often anti-national1 character who exists in all nations1 and who1 even in a belligerent country like our own1 can often contrive to be neutral and worse than neutral4 ,a prosperous bully with the white waistcoat and coarse1 heavily cuffed hands1 with which such prosperity very frequently clothes itself1 is represented as thrusting food in the starved face of an evicted ,belgian and saying3 ,eat and hold your tongue4 ,the situation is worthy of such record1 if only because it emphasizes an element in the general ,german plot against the world which is often forgotten in phrases about fire and sword4 ,the ,prussianized person is not only a military tyrant2 he is equally and more often a mercantile tyrant4 ,and what is in this respect true of the ,german is as true or truer of the ,pro-,german4 ,the cosmopolitan agent of ,prussia is a commercial agent1 and works by those modern methods of bribing and sacking1 of boycott and blackmail1 which are not only meaner1 but often more cruel1 than militarism4 ,for any one who realizes the power of such international combinations1 there is the more credit due to the artists and men of letters who1 like ,raemaekers himself1 have decisively chosen their side while the issue was very doubtful4 ,and among the ,belgian confreres there must certainly have been many who showed as much courage as any soldier1 when they decided not to eat and be silent1 but to starve and to speak4 ,g4 ,k4 ,,chesterton4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,dutch ,,journalist ,,to ,,his ,,belgian ,,confrere3 ,eat and hold your tongue4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,a ,,bored ,,critic ,from ,homeric warfare to subterranean conflict of modern trenches is a far cry1 and ,ares1 ,god of ,battles1 may well yawn at the entertainment with which the ,demon of ,war is providing him4 ,but the spectator of this grim revue lacks something of the patience of its creator1 and our ,mephistopheles1 marking the god's protest1 will doubtless hurry the scene and diversify it with new devilries to restore his interest4 ,indeed1 that has happened since ,raemaekers made his picture4 ,the etiquette of butchery has become more complicated since ,troy fell1 yet it has been so far preserved till now that the fiend measures ,ares with his eyes and speculates as to how far the martial god may be expected to tolerate his novel engines4 ,will asphyxiating gas1 and destruction of non-combatants and neutrals on land and sea1 trouble him8 ,or will he demand the rules of the game1 and decline to applaud this satire on civilization1 although mounted and produced regardless of cost and reckoning8 ,as the devil's own entertainment consists in watching the effects of his masterpiece on this warlike spectator1 so it may be that those who staged the greatest war in mankind's history derive some bitter instruction from its reception by mankind4 ,they know now that it is condemned by every civilized nation on earth2 and before these lines are published their uncivilized catspaws will have ample reason to condemn it also4 ,neutrals there must be1 but impartials none4 ,the sense and spirit of the thinking world now go so far with human reason that they demand a condition of freedom for all men and nations1 be they weak or powerful4 ,that ideal inspires the majority of human kind1 and it follows that the evolution of morals sets strongly on the side of the ,allies4 ,war1 says ,bernhardi1 gives a biologically just decision1 since its decisions rest on the very nature of things4 ,so be it4 ,,eden ,,phillpotts4 ,illustration3 ,i say1 do suggest something new4 ,this is becoming too boring4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,the ,peace ,woman ,in this humorous yet pathetic cartoon--humorous because of its truth to the type1 and pathetic because of the futility of the effort depicted--with unfailing skill the artist shows the folly of the cry ,peace6 ,peace6 when there is none4 ,in the forefront is a type of woman publicist who can never be happy unless the limelight secured by vocal effort and the advocacy of a crazy cause is focussed upon her4 ,she calls ,peace6 that the world may hear1 not attend4 ,behind her stands that other type of detached peace woman1 who has1 judging from her placid yet grieved expression1 apparently scarcely realized that the ,war is too serious and has its genesis in causes too deep-rooted to be quelled by her or her kind4 ,one can imagine her saying3 ,a war6 ,how terrible6 ,it must be stopped4 ,the soldier1 who is wise enough to prefer armour-plate even to a shield provided by substantially built peace women clad in white1 looks on amused4 ,the thinking world as a whole so looks on at ,arks launched by ,american millionaire motor manufacturers1 and at ,pacifist ,conferences held whilst the decision as to whether civilization or savagery shall triumph1 and might be greater than right1 yet hangs in the balance4 ,there must be no thought of peace otherwise than as the ultimate reward of gallant men fighting in a just cause1 and until with it can come permanent security from the ,iron ,fist of ,prussian ,militarism and aggression1 and the precepts of ,bernhardi and his kind are shown to be false4 ,those who talk of peace in the midst of frightfulness1 of piracy1 of reckless carnage and colossal sacrifices of human life which are the fruits of an attempt to save by military glory a crapulous dynasty1 however good their intention1 lack both mental and moral perspective4 ,,clive ,,holland4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,peace ,,woman3 ,we will march in white before our sons4 ,,the ,,neutral ,,soldier3 ,madam1 we would prefer the protection of an armour-plate4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,self-,,satisfied ,,burgher ,the artist has depicted the ordinary attitude of a self-satisfied burgher not only in ,holland but in other countries also4 ,what does it matter if we are annexed afterwards1 so long as we remain neutral now8 ,that is the sort of speech made by selfish merchants in some of the neutral countries1 especially those of ,scandinavian origin4 ,it is really a variety of the old text3 ,let us eat1 drink1 and be merry2 for to-morrow we die4 ,why not1 it is urged1 make the best of present facilities8 ,as long as we are left alone we can pursue our ordinary industrialism4 ,we can heap up our percentages and profits4 ,our trade is in a fairly flourishing condition1 and we are making money4 ,no one knows what the future may bring2 why1 therefore1 worry about it8 ,besides1 if the worst comes to the worst and ,germany annexes us1 are we quite sure that we shall be in a much worse condition than we are now8 ,it will be to the interest of ,berlin that we should carry on our usual industrial occupations4 ,our present liberty will probably not be interfered with1 and a change of masters does not always mean ruin4 ,so argues the self-satisfied burgher4 ,if life were no more than a mere matter of getting enough to eat and drink and of having a balance at the banker's1 his view of the case might pass muster4 ,but a national life depends on spiritual and ideal interests1 just as a man's life consisteth not in the abundance of the things which he possesseth4 ,freedom is the only principal of growth1 and freedom is the one thing which ,german militarism desires to make impossible for all those whom she gathers into her fold4 ,the loss of liberty means the ruin of all those ends for which a ,state exists4 ,even the material prosperity which the self-satisfied burgher desires will be definitely sacrificed by a submission to ,teutonic autocracy4 ,w4 ,l4 ,,courtney4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,self-,,satisfied ,,burgher ,what does it matter if we're annexed afterwards1 so long as we remain neutral now8 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,decadent ,war is a fiery winnower of incapacities4 ,many reputations have gone to the scrap-heap since ,august1 #aiad4 ,none more surely than that of the braggart ,crown ,prince4 ,it is said that this terrible catastrophe was largely of his bringing about and his great desire and hope4 ,well--he has got his desire1 and more than he expected4 ,he was going to do mighty things--to smash through the frontier and lead the ,german hordes triumphantly through ,france4 ,and what has he done8 ,in the treacherous surprise of the moment he got across the frontier1 and there the weighty ,french fist met the ,imperial optic1 and has since developed many stars in it4 ,he has been held1 wasting men1 time1 opportunity1 and his own little apology for a soul4 ,he has done nothing to justify his position or even his existence4 ,he has wrecked his home-life by wanton indulgence4 ,he has made himself notorious by his private lootings of the chateaux cursed with his presence4 ,even in #ahgj the native cupidity of the far finer breed of conquerors could not resist the spoils of war1 and1 to their eternal disgrace1 trainloads of loot were sent away to decorate ,german homes--as burglars' wives might wear the jewellery acquired by their adventurous menfolk in the course of their nefarious operations4 ,but we never heard of ,unser ,fritz1 the then ,crown ,prince1 ransacking the mansions he stayed in4 ,he was a great man and a good--the very last ,german gentleman4 ,and this decadent is his grandson6 ,unser ,fritz was a very noble-looking man4 ,his grandson--oh1 well1 look at him and judge for yourselves6 ,of a surety the sight is calculated to heighten one's amazement that any nation under the sun1 or craving it1 could find in such a personality1 even as representative of a once great but now exploding idea1 anything whatever even to put up with1 much less to worship and die for4 ,the race of ,hohenzollern has wilted and ravelled out to this4 ,the whole world1 outside ,prussia1 devoutly hopes ere long to have seen the last of it4 ,it has been at all times1 with the single exception above noted1 a hustling1 grabbing1 self-seeking race4 ,may the eyes of ,germany soon be opened6 ,then1 surely1 it will be thrust back into the obscurity whence heaven can only have permitted it to escape for the flagellation of a world which was losing its ideals and needed bracing back with a sharp1 stern twist4 ,,john ,,oxenham4 ,illustration3 ,,september1 #aiad1 ,,and ,,september1 #aiae #aiad3 ,now the war begins as we like it4 #aiae3 ,but this is not as ,i wished it to continue4 7,published after the ,french success in ,champagne7 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,liquid ,,fire ,when one sits down to think1 there are few things in connection with the devastating ,war now raging1 wild-beast-like1 almost throughout the length and breadth of ,europe1 so appalling as the application of science and man's genius to the work of decimating the human species4 ,early in the conflict1 which is being fought for the basal principles of civilization and moral human conduct1 one was made to realize that the ,allied ,powers were opposed to an enemy whose resources were only equalled by his utter negation of the rules of civilized warfare4 ,soon1 to the horrors of machine-guns and of high-explosive shells of a calibre and intensity of destructive force never before known1 were added the diabolical engines for pouring over the field of battle asphyxiating gases4 ,we know the horrors of that mode of ,german frightfulness1 and some of us have seen its effects in the slowly dying victims in hospitals4 ,but that was not enough4 ,yet other methods of frightfulness and savagery1 which would have disgraced the most ruthless conquerors of old1 were to be applied by the ,german ,emperor in his blasphemous ,gott mit uns campaign4 ,and against the gallant sons of ,belgium1 ,france1 ,england1 and ,russia in turn were poured out with bestial ingenuity the jets and curtains of liquid fire which seared the flesh and blinded the eyes4 ,for this there will be a reckoning if ,god be still in heaven whilst the world trembles with the shock of conflict1 and the souls of men are seared4 ,raemaekers in this cartoon shows not only the horror of such a method of warfare1 but also1 with unerring pencil1 the unwavering spirit of the men who have to meet this frightfulness4 ,there is a land to be redeemed1 and women and children to be avenged1 and so the fighting men of the allied nations go gallantly on with their stern1 amazed faces set towards victory4 ,,clive ,,holland4 ,illustration3 ,,liquid ,,fire ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,nish ,,and ,,paris ,very happily and very graphically has ,raemaekers here pointed the contrast between the ,gargantuan hopes with which the ,kaiser and his ,junker army embarked on the ,war1 and the exiguous and shadowy fruits of their boasted victories up to the present4 ,they foretold a triumphal entry into the conquered capital of ,france within a month of the opening of hostilities4 ,yet the irony of ,fate has1 slowly but surely1 cooled the early fever of anticipation4 ,the only captured town where the ,all-,highest has found an opportunity of lifting his voice in exultant paean is ,nish1 a secondary city of the small kingdom of ,serbia4 ,there1 too1 he perforce delayed his jubilation until the lapse of some eighteen months after the date provisionally and prematurely fixed in the first ebullition of overconfidence1 for his triumphal procession through ,paris4 ,nish is a town of little more than #bj1jjj inhabitants2 about the size of ,taunton or ,hereford--smaller than ,woking or ,dartford4 ,working on a basis of comparative populations1 the ,emperor would have to repeat without more delay his bravery at ,nish in #aej towns of the same size before he could convince his people that he is even now on the point of fulfilling his first rash promises to them of the rapid overthrow of his foes4 ,pursuing the same calculation1 he is bound to multiply his present glories #cej times before he can count securely on spending a night as conquering hero in ,buckingham ,palace4 ,even the ,kaiser must know in his heart that woefully1 from his own and his people's point of view1 did he overestimate his strength at the outset4 ,for the time he contents himself with the backwater of ,nish for the scene of his oratory of conquest4 ,his vainglorious words may well prove in their environment the prelude of a compulsory confession of failure1 which is likely to come at a far briefer interval than the eighteen months which separate the imaginary hope of ,paris from the slender substance of ,nish4 ,,sidney ,,lee4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,trials ,,of ,a ,,court ,,painter ,i commenced this as the entry into ,paris1 but ,i must finish it as the entry into ,nish4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,gott ,,strafe ,,england6 ,in these sombre times one is grateful for a touch of humour1 and it would perhaps be impossible to conceive in all created nature a spectacle so exquisitely ludicrous as the appearance of the ,prussian in the guise of a ,wronged ,man4 ,for1 of course1 it is the very foundation of the ,prussian theory that there can be no such thing as a wronged man4 ,might is right4 ,that which physical force has determined and shall determine is the only possible test of justice4 ,that was the diabolic but at least coherent philosophy upon which the ,kingdom of ,prussia was originally based and upon which the ,german ,empire created by ,prussia always reposed4 ,nor was that philosophy--which among other things dictated this war--ever questioned1 much less abandoned1 by the ,germans so long as it seemed probable to the world and certain to them that they were destined to win4 ,now that it has begun to penetrate even into their mind that they are probably going to lose1 we find them suddenly blossoming out as pacifists and humanitarians4 ,especially are they indignant at the cruelty of the blockade4 ,it is not necessary to examine seriously a contention so obviously absurd4 ,any one acquainted with the history of war knows the blockade of an enemy's ports is a thing as old as war itself4 ,every one acquainted with the records of the last half-century knows that ,prussia owes half her prestige to the reduction of ,paris in #ahga--;effected solely by the starvation of its civilian inhabitants4 ,but the irony goes deeper than that4 ,look at the face of the ,prussian in ,raemaekers' ,cartoons and you will understand why ,germans in ,america1 ,holland1 and other neutral countries are now talking pacifism and exuding humanitarian sentiment4 ,you will understand why the ,german ,chancellor says that in spite of the victorious march of ,germany from victory to victory his tender heart cannot but plead for the dreadful sufferings of the unhappy1 though criminal1 ,allies4 ,then you will laugh2 which is good in days like these4 ,,cecil ,,chesterton4 ,illustration3 ,,gott ,,strafe ,,england6 ,now she prevents my sending goods by the ,holland route6 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,pacificist ,,kaiser 7,,the ,,confederates7 ,from time to time of late the ,kaiser has posed as the champion of peace4 ,his official spokesman1 ,chancellor ,bethmann-,hollweg1 has announced the ,imperial readiness to stay the war--on his master's own terms1 which he disdains to define precisely4 ,the ,emperor and his advisers are involved in a tangle of miscalculations which infest the conduct of the war alike in the field of battle and the council-chamber4 ,but no wild imaginings could encourage a solid hope that the ,chancellor's peaceful professions would be taken seriously by anybody save his own satellites4 ,loudly the compliant ,minister vaunted in the ,reichstag his country's military successes1 but he could point to no signs either of any faltering in military preparations on the part of the ,allies1 or of their willingness to entertain humiliating conditions of peace4 ,even in ,germany clear visions acknowledge that ,time is fighting valiantly on the side of ,germany's foes1 and that peace can only come when the ,central ,powers beg for it on their knees4 ,it is improbable that the ,kaiser and his ,chancellor now harbour many real illusions about the future1 although they may well be anxious to disguise even to themselves the ultimate issues at stake in the war4 ,their home and foreign policy seems to be conceived in the desperate spirit of the gambler4 ,they appear to be recklessly speculating on the chances of a pacificist role conciliating the sympathy of neutrals4 ,they count on the odds that they may convert the public opinion of non-combatant nations to the erroneous belief that ,germany is the conqueror1 and that further resistance to her is futile4 ,but so far the game has miscarried4 ,the recent ,german professions of zeal for peace fell in neutral countries on deaf or impatient ears4 ,the braggart bulletins of the ,german ,press ,bureau have been valued at their true worth4 ,neutral critics have found in ,bethmann-,hollweg's cry for peace mere wasted breath ,the ,chancellor and his master are perilously near losing among neutrals the last shreds of reputation for political sagacity4 ,,sidney ,,lee4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,confederates ,did they believe that peace story in the ,reichstag1 ,bethmann8 ,yes1 but the ,allies didn't4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,dinant ,during the joint expedition to ,peking1 all the other contingents were horrified at the cruelty of the ,german troops4 ,i have heard how on one occasion a number of ,chinese women were watching a ,german regiment at drill1 when suddenly the commanding officer ordered his men to open fire upon them4 ,when remonstrated with1 he replied that terrorism was humane in the end1 because it made the enemy desire peace4 ,for some reason1 these atrocities were not very widely known in ,england2 and no one dreamed that such infernal crimes would ever be perpetrated in ,european war4 ,but such are indeed the calculated methods of ,germany2 and her officers began to order them as soon as her troops crossed the ,belgian frontier4 ,the ,german military authorities advise that terrorism should be used sparingly when there is danger of reprisals4 ,accordingly1 though many abominable things have been done to civilians in ,france and ,russia1 and to ourselves when opportunity offered1 the worst atrocities were committed in ,belgium1 because ,belgium is a small country1 which had dispensed with universal military service in reliance on the international guarantee of her security4 ,these events of the first month of the war are in danger of being forgotten1 now that ,germany is contending on equal terms against the great nations of ,europe4 ,but they must not be forgotten4 ,we are fighting against a nation which thinks it good policy to massacre non-combatants1 provided only that the sons and brothers of the victims are not in a position to retaliate4 ,w4 ,r4 ,,inge4 ,illustration3 ,,dinant--,i ,,see ,,father4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,hesperia 7,,wounded ,,first7 ,sailors of all nationality except ,german have from time immemorial looked upon themselves as the guardians and protectors of land folk at sea4 ,that is why every sailor in the world1 outside the doggeries of ,hamburg1 felt his calling spat upon and his personal pride injured by the sinking of the ,lusitania--by a sailor4 ,it seemed that nothing could be worse than that1 and then came the sinking of the ,hesperia1 a ship filled with wounded soldiers and ,hospital nurses4 ,raemaekers brings the fact home to us in this cartoon1 not the fact of the ,english nurses' heroism1 which goes without saying1 but of ,german low-down common infamy4 ,the fact has become so commonplace1 so accustomed1 so everyday that pictures of burning cathedrals1 murdered children1 and terrified women no longer move us as they did1 but this artist1 whose command of language seems as infinite and varied as the crimes of the criminals whom ,god sent him to scourge1 has always some stroke in reserve1 something to add to what he has said1 if need be4 ,in the case of this picture it is the medicine bottle1 glass1 and spoon flying off the shelf1 flung to the floor by the bursting charge of ,tri-nitro-toluine that adds the last touch as distinctive as the artist's signature4 ,h4 ,,de ,,vere ,,stacpoole4 ,illustration3 ,another kind of heroism--the sinking of the ,hospital ,ship ,hesperia 7,wounded ,first7 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,gallipoli ,it is a fine touch1 or a fortunate accident1 in this sketch of ,raemaekers' that it depicts the officer who has made the mistake as exhibiting the spruceness of a ,prussian1 and the officer who has found out the mistake as having the comparatively battered look of an old ,turk4 ,the moustaches of the ,young ,turk are modelled on the ,kaiser's1 spikes pointing to heaven like spires2 while those of his justly incensed superior officer hang loose like those of a human being4 ,the difference is in any case symbolic2 for the sort of instinctive and instantaneous self-laudation satirized in this cartoon is much more one of the vices of the new ,germany than of the antiquated ,islam4 ,that spirit is not easy to define2 and it is easy to confuse it with much more pardonable things4 ,every people can be jingo and vainglorious2 it is the mark of this spirit that the instinct to be so acts before any other instinct can act1 even those of surprise or anger4 ,every people emphasizes and exaggerates its victories more than its defeats4 ,but this spirit emphasizes its defeats as victories4 ,every national calamity has its consolations2 and a nation naturally turns to them as soon as it reasonably can4 ,but it is the stamp of this spirit that it always thinks of the consolation before it even thinks of the calamity4 ,it abounds throughout the whole press of the ,german ,empire4 ,but it is most shortly shown in this figure of the young officer1 who makes a hero of himself before he has even fully realized that he has made a fool of himself4 ,g4 ,k4 ,,chesterton4 ,illustration3 ,,gallipoli ,,turkish ,,general3 ,what are you firing at8 ,the ,british evacuated the place twenty-four hours ago6 ,sorry1 sir--but what a glorious victory6 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,beginning ,,of ,,the ,,expiation ,it is sometimes an unpleasant necessity to insult a man1 in order to make him understand that he is being insulted4 ,indeed1 most strenuous and successful appeals to an oppressed populace have involved something of this paradox4 ,we talk of the demagogue flattering the mob2 but the most successful demagogue generally abuses it4 ,the men of the crowd rise in revolt1 not when they are addressed as ,citizens6 but when they are addressed as ,slaves6 ,if this be true even of men daily disturbed by material discomfort and discontent1 it is much truer of those cases1 not uncommon in history1 in which the slave has been soothed with all the external pomp and luxury of a lord4 ,so prophets have denounced the wanton in a palace or the puppet on a throne2 and so the ,dutch caricaturist denounces the gilded captivity of the ,austrian ,monarchy1 of which the golden trappings are golden chains4 ,but for such a purpose a caricaturist is better than a prophet1 and comic pictures better than poetical phrases4 ,it is very vital and wholesome1 even for his own sake1 to insult the ,austrian4 ,he ought to be insulted because he is so much more respectable than the ,prussian1 who ought not to be insulted1 but only kicked4 ,if ,austria feels no shame in letting the ,holy ,roman ,empire become the petty province of an ,unholy ,barbarian ,empire1 if such high historic symbols no longer affect her1 we can only tell her1 in as ugly a picture as possible1 that she is a lackey carrying luggage4 ,g4 ,k4 ,,chesterton4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,beginning ,,of ,,the ,,expiation ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,shirkers ,current experience is proving that war is a grim condition of life1 and that none can escape its effects4 ,no religious or philosophic precept is potent enough in practical application to prevent its outbreak or to stay its course4 ,the strong man of military age1 who claims the right to pursue normal peaceful avocations when his country is at war1 pleads guilty1 however involuntarily1 to aberrations of both mind and heart4 ,there are few who do not conscientiously cherish repugnance for war1 but practically none of those to whom so natural a sentiment makes most forcible appeal deem it a man's part to refuse a manifest personal call of natural duty4 ,the conscientious objector to combatant service may in certain rare cases deserve considerate treatment1 but very short shrift should await the able-bodied men who1 from love of ease or fear of danger1 simulate conscientious objection in order to evade a righteous obligation4 ,lack of imagination may be at times as responsible for the sin of the shirker as lack of courage4 ,patriotism is an instinct which works as sluggishly among the unimaginative as among the cowardly and the selfish4 ,the only cure for the sluggish working of the patriotic instinct among the cowardly and the selfish is the sharp stimulus of condign punishment4 ,but among the unimaginative it may be worth experimenting by way of preliminary with earnest and urgent appeals to example such as is offered not only by current experience1 but also by literature and history4 ,no shirkers would be left if every subject of the ,crown were taught to apprehend the significance of ,henley's interrogation3 ,what have ,i done for you1 ,england1 my ,england8 ,what is there ,i would not do1 ,england1 my own8 ,,sidney ,,lee4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,shirkers ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,one ,,of ,,the ,,kaiser',s ,,many ,,mistakes ,louis ,botha--we touch our hats to you6 ,you are supremely and triumphantly one of the ,kaiser's many mistakes4 ,you have proved yourself once again a capable leader and a man among men4 ,you have proved him once more incapable of apprehending the meaning of the word honour4 ,you are an honourable man4 ,even as a foe you fought us fair and we honoured you4 ,you have valiantly helped to dig the grave of his dishonour and have proved him a fool4 ,we thank you6 ,and we thank the memory of the clear-visioned men of those old days who1 in spite of the clamour of the bats1 persisted in tendering you and yours that right hand of friendship which you have so nobly justified4 ,you fought us fair4 ,you have uprisen from the ashes of the past like the ,phoenix of old4 ,you are ,briton with the best4 ,fair fight breeds no ill-will4 ,it is the man1 and the nation1 that fights foul and flings ,god and humanity overboard that lays up for itself stores of hatred and outcastry and scorn which the ages shall hardly efface4 ,and ,germany once was great1 and might have been greater4 ,delenda est ,germania6--so far as ,germania represents the ,devil and all his works4 ,the following lines were written fourteen years ago when we welcomed the end of the ,boer ,war4 ,we are all grateful that the hope therein expressed has been so amply fulfilled4 ,that it has been so is largely due to the wisdom and statesmanship of ,louis ,botha4 ,no matter now the rights and wrongs of it2 ,you fought us bravely and we fought you fair4 ,the fight is done4 ,grip hands6 ,no malice bear6 ,we greet you1 brothers1 to the nobler strife ,of building up the newer1 larger life6 ,join hands6 ,join hands6 ,ye nations of the stock6 ,and make henceforth a mighty ,trust for ,peace2-- ,a great enduring peace that shall withstand ,the shocks of time and circumstance2 and every land ,shall rise and bless you--and shall never cease ,to bless you--for that glorious gift of ,peace4 ,germany1 if she had so willed1 could have come into that hoped-for ,trust for ,peace4 ,but ,germany would not4 ,she put her own selfish interests before all else and so digs her own grave4 ,,john ,,oxenham4 ,illustration3 ,,botha ,,to ,,britain ,i have carried out everything in accordance with our compact at ,vereeniging4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,belgium ,,in ,,holland ,in the present crisis of ,belgian affairs there is much to remind the historical student of the events which led to the fall of ,antwerp in #aehe1 and the outrageous invasion of the ,southern ,netherlands by the army of ,parma4 ,then1 as now1 ,holland opened her arms to her wounded and captive sister4 ,the best ,flemish scholars and men of letters emigrated to the land where ,cornheert and ,spieghel welcomed them4 ,merchants and artisans flocked to a new sphere of energy in ,amsterdam4 ,several of the professorial chairs in that city1 and in the great universities of ,leyden and ,harderwijk1 were filled by learned ,flemings1 and the arts1 that had long been flourishing in ,brussels1 fled northward to escape from the desolating ,spanish scourge4 ,the grim pencil of ,raemaekers becomes tender whenever he touches upon the relation of the tortured ,belgium to her sister1 ,holland1 his own beloved fatherland4 ,we do not know yet1 in this country1 a tithe of the sacrifices which have been made in ,holland to staunch the tears of ,belgium4 ,your sufferings are mine1 and so are your fortunes1 has been the motto of the loyal ,dutch4 ,,edmund ,,gosse4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,promise ,we shall never sheath the sword until ,belgium recovers all1 and more than all that she has sacrificed4--,mr4 ,asquith1 #ith ,november1 #aiad4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,serbia ,the fight of the one and the four might1 in view of the difference in the size of the combatants1 be called quite fairly the fight of the one and the fifty-three4 ,each of the assailants has his own character4 ,germany is represented as a ferocious giant2 ,austria follows ,prussia's lead1 a little the worse for wear1 with a bandaged head as the souvenir of his former campaign3 he does his best to look and act like ,germany4 ,bulgaria loses not a moment1 but puts his rifle to his shoulder to shoot the small enemy3 he acts in his own way1 according to his own character3 kill the enemy as quickly as possible and seize the spoil1 that is his principle4 ,turkey is a rather broken-down and dilapidated figure1 who is preparing to use his bayonet1 but has not got it quite ready4 ,serbia1 erect1 with feet firmly planted1 stands facing the chief enemy1 a little ,david against this big ,goliath and his henchman1 ,austria2 and the other two1 so recently deadly foes1 now standing shoulder to shoulder1 attack him while his attention is directed on ,germany4 ,the leader and hero of this assault is ,prussia1 big1 brutal1 remorseless4 ,the ,dutch artist always concentrates the spectator's attention on him4 ,you can almost hear the roar coming out of his mouth3 ,gott strafe ,serbien4 ,this is the figure1 as ,raemaekers paints him1 that goes straight for his object1 regardless of moral considerations4 ,serbia is in his way1 and ,serbia must be trampled in the mire4 ,the artist's sympathy is wholly with ,serbia1 who is pictured as the man fighting against the brute1 slight but active and noble in build1 facing this burly foe4 ,and poor old ,turkey6 ,always a figure of comedy1 never ready in time1 always ineffective1 never fully able to use the weapons of so-called civilization4 ,let it always be remembered that in the ,gallipoli peninsula1 when the ,turks at first were taking no prisoners1 but killing the wounded after their own familiar fashion with mutilation1 for the sake of such spoil as could be carried away1 ,enver ,pasha issued an order that thirty piastres should be paid for every prisoner brought in alive1 a noble and humane regulation4 ,let us hope that the reward was always paid1 not stolen on the way1 as has been so often the case in ,turkey4 ,,william ,,mitchell ,,ramsay4 ,illustration3 ,,serbia ,now we can make an end of him4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,jackals ,,in ,,the ,,political ,,field ,when the tiger1 says the naturalist1 has killed some large animal1 such as a buffalo which he cannot consume at one time1 the jackals collect round the carcase at a respectful distance and wait patiently until the tiger moves off4 ,then they rush from all directions1 carousing upon the slaughtered buffalo1 each anxious to eat as much as it can contain in the shortest time4 ,the human jackal is one of the most squalid and sordid creatures and features of war4 ,we saw him in ,dublin the other day emerging from his slum den to loot ,sackville ,street4 ,every battlefield feeds its carrion beasts and birds4 ,this picture of ,belgium and its jackals is doubtless only too true4 ,mr4 ,raemakers and the ,dutch have better means of knowing than we4 ,the jackal1 says the same naturalist1 belongs to the ,canidae1 the dog tribe4 ,the scientific name of the true dog is ,canis familiaris1 the household dog4 ,the jackal is ,canis aureus1 the gold dog4 ,the epithet describes no doubt his colour4 ,the human ,canis aureus perhaps deserves his title on not less obvious grounds4 ,the continent of ,europe1 the naturalist goes on1 is free from the jackal4 ,it was supposed till yesterday to be free from the lion and tiger4 ,but in the prehistoric times of the cave man1 geologists say1 there was both in ,england and ,europe the great sabre-tooth tiger4 ,kipling1 who knows everything about beasts1 knows him and puts him into his ,story of ,ung3 ,the sabre-tooth tiger dragging a man to his lair4 ,to-day the cave tiger has come back and with him the cave jackal4 ,there is a terrible beauty about the tiger4 ,the jackal is a mean and hideous brute4 ,but both are out of date4 ,did not ,monsieur ,capus say the other day that ,europe cannot allow a return of the cave epoch8 ,,herbert ,,warren4 ,illustration3 ,,jackals ,,in ,,the ,,political ,,field ,,jackals 7,flemish ,pro-,germans73 ,what he leaves of ,belgium will be enough for us4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,a ,,letter ,,from ,,the ,,german ,,trenches ,in this cartoon ,raemaekers has contrived to indicate powerfully what is after all the dominant and peculiar note of the ,german people4 ,no ,european nation has ever taken war--as people say so seriously1 that is1 with so much concentration of attention and elaborate preparation1 as has the ,german ,empire4 ,no people has ever had it so thoroughly drilled into its collective mind as have the ,german subjects of that ,empire that war is not only1 as all ,christian people have always believed1 an expedient lawful and necessary upon occasion1 but a thing highly desirable in itself1 nay1 the principal function of a superior race and the main end of its being4 ,and yet after all the actual ,german is never1 like the ,frenchman1 a natural and instinctive warrior--any more than he is1 like the ,englishman1 a natural and instinctive adventurer4 ,the whole business of ,prussian militarism1 with the half-witted philosophy by which it is justified1 has to be imposed upon him from without by his masters4 ,he fights just as he works1 just as he tortures1 violates1 and murders1 because he is told to do so by persons in a superior position1 holding themselves stiffly1 dressed in uniform1 and able to hit him in the face with a whip4 ,long before the war the absurd ,koepenick incident gave us a glimpse of this astonishing docility on its farcical side4 ,its tragic side is well illustrated by the droves of helpless and inarticulate barbarians driven into the shambles daily 7as at ,verdun7 for the sole purpose of covering up the blunders of their very efficient superiors4 ,one could pity the wretches if there were not so considerable a leaven of wickedness in their stupidity4 ,,cecil ,,chesterton4 ,illustration3 ,a ,,letter ,,from ,,the ,,german ,,trenches ,we have gained a good bit1 our cemeteries now extend as far as the sea4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,his ,,master',s ,,voice ,the manipulation of the ,press is one of the weapons which ,bismarck taught ,german ,imperialism to use4 ,like others it has been developed by his successors into an instrument which the master himself would hardly have recognized4 ,it is one of the most potent means of that peaceful penetration of all other countries which was nothing but a preparation for war4 ,and it has been used in the war with a purposefulness of aim and a versatility of method that betoken long and systematic study4 ,it is a ubiquitous influence and the most subtle of all4 ,yet the ,press is held in greater contempt by official and other ruling circles in ,germany than in any other country4 ,they despise the tool1 while tacitly acknowledging its utility by unsparing use4 ,this curious state of things is the fault of the ,press4 ,what has rendered it such a pliant tool in the hands of ,german ,imperialism is either credulity or venality2 and both are contemptible qualities4 ,credulity is probably the more prevalent1 at least in this country1 where shoals of newspapers1 blinded by their own prejudices1 were the dupes of ,german duplicity4 ,but there has been venality1 too1 both crude and subtle4 ,the case of the ,vlaamsche ,sten1 here satirized by ,raemaekers1 is exceptional4 ,so crude and gross a method of influencing the ,press as bribing the proprietor of a newspaper 7probably with the aid of threats7 to hand it over with its staff and goodwill could hardly be practised where any independence survived4 ,it was not practised with success even in conquered ,flanders1 for the staff1 to their eternal credit1 refused to listen to the new master's voice4 ,but there are journalists who1 less intelligent than the terrier1 faithfully accept the voice from the ,pickelhaube and wag their little tails when they hear it4 ,to them is offered the parable which shows their relation to their master4 ,a4 ,,shadwell4 ,illustration3 ,,his ,,master',s ,,voice ,the ,vlaamsche ,stem 7,flemish ,voice71 a ,flemish paper1 was bought by the ,germans1 whereupon the whole staff resigned1 as it no longer represented its title4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,hun ,,generosity ,the ,all-,highest1 so we are told1 loves a joke at another's expense1 a trait in his character essentially barbaric4 ,raemaekers reproduces the twinkle in the ,imperial eye as ,william of ,potsdam offers to a quondam ally the foot which belongs to his senile and helpless brother of ,hapsburg4 ,the roar of anguish from the prostrate octogenarian provokes1 as we see1 not pity but a grim smile4 ,italy's monarch1 we may imagine1 is muttering to himself3-- ,timeo ,danaos et dona ferentes4 ,the bribe1 wrenched from another1 was1 of course1 indignantly rejected1 but one wonders what the secret feelings of the ,hapsburgs may be toward the ,hohenzollerns4 ,we know that the ,turk cherishes no love for the ,hun who has beguiled him1 but we cannot gauge as yet the real strength or weakness of the bond between the ,huns on the one hand and the ,austrians and ,hungarians on the other4 ,raemaekers has portrayed ,franz ,josef flat on his back4 ,in the language of the ring he is down and out4 ,possibly it may have been so from the beginning4 ,at any rate1 in this country1 there is an amiable disposition to regard ,franz ,josef as a victim rather than an accomplice1 a weakling writhing beneath the jack-boot of ,prussia1 impotent to hold his own4 ,it may not be so4 ,time alone will reveal the truth4 ,but this much is reasonably certain4 ,when peace is declared1 the sincere friendship which once existed between ourselves and the ,dual ,monarchy may be reestablished1 but many years must pass before we forgive or forget the ,huns4 ,they are boasting to-day that as a nation they are self-sufficing and self-supporting4 ,amen6 ,most of us desire nothing better than to leave them alone till they have mended their manners and purged themselves of a colossal and unendurable conceit4 ,i cannot envisage ,huns playing tennis at ,wimbledon1 or ,english girls studying music at ,leipzig4 ,the grass in the streets of ,homburg will not1 for many years1 be trodden out by ,english feet2 the harpies of hotel keepers throughout the ,happy ,fatherland will prey1 it may be presumed1 upon their fellow ,huns4 ,then they will fall to strafing each other instead of ,england4 ,and then1 as now1 their mouthings will provoke inextinguishable laughter4 ,,horace ,,annesley ,,vachell4 ,illustration3 ,,have ,,another ,,piece8 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,easter1 #aiae ,ever since with the beginning of ,christendom a new soul entered the body of exhausted ,europe1 it is true to say that we have not only had a certain idea but been haunted by it1 as by a ghost4 ,it is the idea crystallized in legends like those of ,st4 ,christopher and ,st4 ,martin4 ,but it is equally apparent in the most modern ethics and eloquence1 as1 for instance1 when a ,french atheist orator urged the reconsideration of a criminal case by pointing at the pictured ,crucifixion which hangs in a ,french ,law ,court and saying3 ,voila la chose jugee4 ,it is the idea when that oppressing the lowest we may actually be oppressing the highest1 and that not even impersonally1 but personally4 ,we may be1 as it were1 the victims of a divine masquerade2 and discover that the greatest of kings can travel incognito4 ,such a picture1 therefore1 as the cartoonist has drawn here can be found in all ages of ,christian history as a comment on contemporary oppression4 ,but while the central figure remains always the same1 the types of the tyrant and the mocker hold our temporary attention2 for they are sketched from life and with a living exactitude4 ,upon one of them especially it would be easy to say a great deal3 the grinning ,prussian youth with the spectacles and the monkey face1 who is using a ,prussian helmet instead of the crown of thorns4 ,such a scientific gutter-snipe is the real and visible fruit of organized ,german education2 he is a much truer type than any gory and hairy ,hun4 ,in the face of that young atheist there is everything that can come from the congestion of the pagan with the parvenu2 all the knowingness that is the cessation of knowledge2 and that something which always accompanies real atheism--arrested development4 ,g4 ,k4 ,,chesterton4 ,illustration3 ,,easter1 #aiae ,and they bowed the knee before ,him4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,pan ,,germanicus ,,as ,,peace ,,maker ,imagine the feelings of the hindlegs of a stage elephant on being told that the performance is to be a continuous one and you will have some inkling of the dismay of the ,kaiser and his henchman1 concealed in the plumage of the ,war ,eagle and the ,dove of ,peace respectively4 ,the one bird is as useless as the other in bringing the war to the end desired in ,berlin4 ,the stage eagle is daily losing its plumage1 and is rapidly becoming but a moulty apology for the king of birds4 ,as for the dove1 it has been used so often1 with constantly changing olive branch in its beak1 that it now makes its appearance shamefacedly and absolutely without heart4 ,imperial eagle mask with half-mad military quasi-deity inside and dove of peace1 on the ,german model1 with calculating miscalculating statesman1 you rang the curtain up1 you cannot ring it down1 either to the music of the ,hymn of ,hate or the ,te ,deum for peace--the eagle can no longer look boldly straight into the sun1 looking for his place in it2 the dove has taken permanent quarters in the ,german ark as it whirls round and round in the whirlpool of impotent effort1 ever drawing nearer to the final crash4 ,when the ,dove of ,peace does come1 it will be a real bird of good omen1 not a ,german reserve officer masquerading as one4 ,,alfred ,,stead4 ,illustration3 ,,pan ,,germanicus ,,as ,,peace ,,maker ,,the ,,dove3 ,they say they do not want peace1 as they have time enough4 ,,the ,,eagle3 ,alas6 ,that is just what we haven't got4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,gott ,,mit ,,uns ,this picture is a perfectly accurate symbolic study of the ,german ,empire4 ,therefore1 naturally1 it is one of the most dreadful that were ever drawn4 ,in all the gruesome ,dances of ,death in which the fifteenth century took so grim a pleasure1 no artist ever conceived the horrible idea of a fat skeleton4 ,but we have not only conceived the thought1 we have seen the thing--a terror in the sunshine4 ,we know that chest1 puffed up with a wind of pride1 and that stomach heavy with slaughter and rich living2 and above them the ,death's ,head4 ,we have seen it4 ,we have felt its foul breath4 ,its name is ,prussia4 ,look at a portrait of ,frederick the ,great1 the onlie true begetter of this abortion4 ,it oddly suggests what ,raemaekers has set down here3 the face a skull1 the staring eyes those of a lost soul4 ,but the skeleton has grown fat since ,frederick's day--fat on the blood and plunder of nations4 ,only there is no living flesh on its bones1 nothing of humanity about it4 ,can these dry bones live8 was the question asked of the prophet4 ,it might have been asked of ,frederick3 ,can this nation live1 created of your foul witchcraft1 without honour1 without charity1 without human brotherhood or fellowship1 without all that which is the flesh and blood of mankind8 ,the answer must have been that it could live1 though with a life coming from below and essentially infernal4 ,it could live--for a time4 ,it could even have great power because its time was short4 ,but now it has waxed fat--and kicked4 ,and its end is near4 ,,cecil ,,chesterton4 ,illustration3 ,,it',s ,,fattening ,,work ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,our ,,lady ,,of ,,antwerp ,here ,i and sorrows sit4 ,this is my throne1 bid ,kings come worship it4 ,such seems to be an appropriate legend for ,raemaekers' beautiful triptych which he has entitled ,our ,lady of ,antwerp4 ,full of compassion and sympathy for all the sufferings of her people1 she sits with the ,cathedral outlined behind her1 her heart pierced with many agonies4 ,on the left is one of the many widows who have lost their all in this war4 ,on the right is a soldier stricken to death1 who has done his utmost service for his country and brings the record of his gallantry to the feet of ,our ,lady of ,antwerp4 ,antwerp1 as we know1 was at the height of its prosperity in the sixteenth century4 ,we have been told that no fewer than five hundred ships used to enter her port in the course of a day1 while more than two thousand could be seen lying in her harbour at one time4 ,her people numbered as many as one million1 her fairs attracted merchants from all parts of ,europe1 and at least five hundred million guilders were put into circulation every year4 ,we know what followed4 ,its very prosperity proved a bait to the conqueror4 ,in #aegf the city was captured by the ,spaniards1 who pillaged it for three days4 ,nine years later the ,duke of ,parma conquered it1 and about the time when ,queen ,elizabeth was resisting the might of ,spain ,antwerp's glory had departed and its trade was ruined4 ,at the close of the ,napoleonic wars the city was handed over to the ,belgians4 ,a place of many memories1 whose geographical position was well calculated to arouse the cupidity of the ,germans1 was bound to be gallantly defended by the little nation to which it now belonged4 ,whether earlier help by the ,british might or might not have altered the course of history we cannot tell4 ,perhaps it was not soon enough realized how important it was to keep the ,hun invader from the sacred soil4 ,at all events we do not look back on the ,british ,expedition in aid of ,antwerp in #aiad with any satisfaction1 because the assistance rendered was either not ample enough or else it was belated1 or both4 ,so that ,our ,lady of ,antwerp has still to bewail the ruthless tyranny of ,berlin1 though perhaps she looks forward to the time when1 once more in possession of her own cities1 ,belgium may enter upon a new course of prosperity4 ,we are pledged to restore ,belgium1 doubly and trebly pledged1 by the words of the ,prime ,minister1 and justice will not be done until the great act of liberation is accomplished4 ,w4 ,l4 ,,courtney4 ,illustration3 ,,our ,,lady ,,of ,,antwerp ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,deportation ,nothing1 when one analyzes it1 could be imagined more thoroughly characteristic of ,prussia than the particular stroke of policy by which a large proportion of the male population of ,belgium--as also in a somewhat lesser degree of ,northern ,france--was separated from its family ties and hurried away into exile in ,germany1 there to be compelled to work for the profit of enemies4 ,it had all the marks of ,prussianism4 ,firstly1 it was a violation of the civilized and ,christian tradition of ,european arms4 ,by the rules of such warfare the non-combatant was spared1 wherever possible2 not only his life but his property and liberty were secure so long as he did not abuse his position4 ,secondly1 it was an affront to decent human sentiment quite apart from technical rules2 the man1 guilty of no offence save that of belonging to a country which ,prussia had invaded without justice and ravaged without mercy1 was torn from his family1 who were left to the mercy of their opponents4 ,we all know what that mercy was like4 ,thirdly1 it was an insult to the human soul1 for the unfortunate victims were not only to be exiled from their country1 but to be driven by force and terror to serve against it4 ,fourthly1 and finally1 like all the worst ,prussian crimes1 it was a stupid blunder4 ,prussia has paid already a very high price for any advantage she may have gained from the mutinous and unwilling labour of these men1 and for the swelling of her official return for the edification of her own people and of neutrals by the inclusion of prisoners of war of this description4 ,to-day1 when she knows not where to turn for men1 she is obliged to keep a huge garrison tied up in ,belgium to guard her line of retreat4 ,and when the retreat itself comes1 the price will rise even higher1 and the nemesis will be both just and terrible4 ,,cecil ,,chesterton4 ,illustration3 ,,husbands ,,and ,,fathers ,belgian workmen were forcibly deported to ,germany4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,german ,,band ,the ,german ,band1 as we know it in this country1 has never been noted for harmonious music4 ,blatancy1 stridency1 false notes1 and persistency after the coppers1 have been its chief characteristics4 ,and the same things prevail when it is at home4 ,never since the world began has there been such a campaign of barefaced humbug and lying as that organized by ,william1 ,hindenburg1 ,hollweg and ,co4 for the deceiving and fleecing of the much-tried countries temporarily under their sway4 ,but the money had to be got in by hook or by crook1 and by hook and by crook and in every nefarious way they have milked their unfortunate peoples dry4 ,but there is another side to all this4 ,in time1 the veil of lies and false intelligence of victories in the ,north ,sea1 and at ,verdun1 and1 indeed1 wherever ,germany has fought and failed1 will be rent by the spear of ,truth4 ,then will come the debacle4 ,and then1 unless every scrap of grit and backbone has been ,prussianized out of the ,teuton1 the revulsion of feeling will sweep the oppressors out of existence2 and ,germany1 released from the strangle-hold1 may rise once more to take the place among the civilized nations of the world which1 by her foul doings of the last two years1 she has deliberately forfeited4 ,,john ,,oxenham4 ,illustration3 ,,war ,,loan ,,music ,was blazen die ,trompeten ,moneten heraus8 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,arcades ,,ambo ,looking at this cartoon one can understand why ,raemaekers is not persona grata in the ,happy ,fatherland4 ,with half a dozen touches he has changed ,satan from the magnificent ,prince of ,evil whom ,gustave ,dore portrayed into a--,hun4 ,henceforth we shall envisage ,satan as a ,hun1 talking the obscene tongue--now almost the universal language in ,hades--and hailed by right-thinking ,huns as the ,all ,highest ,war ,lord4 ,willy senior must be jealous4 ,with the learned ,professor1 the cartoonist not only produces a composite portrait of all the ,herren ,professoren1 but also drives home the point of his amazing pencil into what is perhaps the most instructive lesson of this monstrous war--the perversion to evil uses of powers originally designed1 nourished1 and expanded to benefit mankind4 ,when the ,furor ,teutonicus has finally expended itself1 we do not envy the feelings of the illustrious chemists who perfected poison gas and liquid fire6 ,will they1 when their hour comes1 find it easy to obey the poet's injunction1 and1 wrapping the mantle of their past about them1 lie down to pleasant dreams8 ,we are assured that these professors have not exhausted their powers of frightfulness4 ,it may be so4 ,this is certain3 ,such frightfulness will ultimately exhaust them4 ,with this reflection1 we may leave them1 grist to be ground by the mills of ,god4 ,,horace ,,annesley ,,vachell4 ,illustration3 ,,arcades ,,ambo ,,the ,,professor3 ,i have discovered a new mixture which will blind them in half an hour4 ,,satan3 ,you are in very truth my master4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,is ,,it ,,you1 ,,mother8 ,since the opening of hostilities in the present war the ,scottish regiments have given repeated proofs of a valour which adds new lustre to the great traditions of ,scottish soldiership4 ,through all the early operations--on the retreat from ,mons and at the battles of the ,marne and the ,aisne--the ,royal ,scots ,guards1 the ,scots ,greys1 the ,gordon1 the ,seaforth and the ,argyll and ,sutherland ,highlanders1 the ,king's ,own ,scottish ,borderers gained many fresh laurels by their heroism and undaunted spirit4 ,the ,london ,scottish ,territorials1 too1 have shown a prowess as signal as that of the ,scots of the ,regular ,army2 while the mettle of men of ,scottish descent has made glorious contribution in ,france and elsewhere to the fine records of the ,overseas armies4 ,it is the inevitable corollary that death should levy a heavy toll on ,scottish soldiers in the field4 ,thousands of kilted youth have suffered the fate which ,raemaekers depicts in the accompanying cartoon4 ,it is not1 of course1 only the young ,scot whose thought turns in the moment of death to the hearth of his home with vivid memories of his mother4 ,but the word home and all that the word connotes often makes a more urgent appeal to the ,scot abroad than to the man of another nationality4 ,there is significance in the fact that1 far as the ,scots are wont to wander over the world's surface1 they should1 under every sky and in every turning fortune1 treasure as a national anthem the song which has the refrain3-- ,for it's hame1 an' it's hame1 fain wad ,i be1 ,o6 it's hame1 hame1 hame1 to my ain countrie6 ,the ,german soldier in this war would seem to have lost well nigh all touch of humanity4 ,yet the draughtsman here suggests that even the ,german soldier on occasion yields to the pathos of the young ,scot's death-cry for home and mother4 ,there is grim irony in the dying man's blurred vision which mistakes the hand of his mortal foe for that of his mother4 ,of such trying scenes is the drama of war composed4 ,,sidney ,,lee4 ,illustration3 ,,is ,,it ,,you1 ,,mother8 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,fate ,,of ,,flemish ,,art ,,at ,,the ,,hands ,,of ,,kultur ,it will not be possible to estimate the injury suffered by the monuments of art wherein ,belgium was so rich till the war is ended and the ruins examined4 ,much of the irreparable loss we know1 as in the cases of ,louvain and ,ypres4 ,in general we may fairly conjecture that whatever is portable behind the ,german lines is stolen1 or will be1 and the rest destroyed4 ,what is portable is stolen for its cash value1 just as are money1 furniture1 clothes1 and watches4 ,so much of respect for works of art we may expect from the ,prussians--the measure of respect for the cash shewn by the ,prussian general at ,termonde who robbed a helpless civilian of the #e1jjj francs he had drawn to pay his workmen's wages1 and then called earth and heaven to witness his exalted virtue in not also murdering his victim4 ,but what cannot be carried--a cathedral1 a monument1 an ancient window--that is destroyed with an apish zest4 ,even a picture in time or place1 inconvenient for removal1 that also will be defiled1 slashed to rags1 burnt4 ,and indeed why not8 ,for the best use of a work of art as understood among the ,prussian pundits is to make it the peg whereon to hang some ridiculous breach of statistics1 some monstrous disquisition of bedevilled theory2 and for such purposes a work no longer existing so as good as any--even better4 ,and so the marvels of the centuries go up in dust and flames1 and the memorials of ,memling and ,matsijs1 ,van ,eyck1 and ,rubens are treated as the masters' own bodies would have been treated1 had fate delayed their time till the coming of the ,boche4 ,,arthur ,,morrison4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,fate ,,of ,,flemish ,,art ,,at ,,the ,,hands ,,of ,,kultur ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,graves ,,of ,,all ,,his ,,hopes ,look at the map1 says the ,german ,chancellor4 ,look at the map1 and mark with a cross every ,german disappointment and you will have a history of the war more illuminating than many books on the subject4 ,the ,marne1 ,ypres1 ,south ,africa1 ,west ,africa1 ,egypt1 ,bagdad1 ,india1 ,tripoli1 ,verdun4 ,look at the map indeed4 ,the map of the world that ,germany set out to conquer4 ,consider the vapouring and vainglory that marked each of these successes in political or military trickery and the fact that of the military crosses each upbears above a mountain of losses the refrain of the old ,german song ,verdorben--,gestorben--,ruined--,dead4 ,it is a wonderful map to consider1 this map of the world in #aiaf4 ,a wonderful map to be studied by the mothers of the ,fatherland who have suckled their children to manure the crops of the future1 to feed the crematoriums and blast furnaces of ,belgium1 to fill the mad houses1 blind asylums1 and homes for incurables1 when the frosts of ,russia and the guns of the ,allies have done with them4 ,and every cross marks the grave of a hope4 ,paris ,regrets eternels4 ,that wonderful inscription was the first to be cut4 ,galliene was the mason4 ,verdun was the last and will not be the least4 ,but1 whatever may come to be written on stone1 on the heart of the mourner when he comes to die only one inscription will be found3 ,calais4 ,if he has a heart large enough to have even these six letters4 ,h4 ,,de ,,vere ,,stacpoole4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,graves ,,of ,,all ,,his ,,hopes ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,my ,,sixth ,,son ,,is ,,now ,,lying ,,here--,,where ,,are ,,yours8 ,there is a picture in ,brussels that the ,kaiser ought to study on one of his visits to the ,belgian capital4 ,it is ,wertz's picture of ,napoleon in ,hades4 ,wertz was a madman1 he knew something of the horrors of war1 but he knew1 also1 something of the grandeur and nobility of ,napoleon4 ,napoleon is surrounded by women holding up the mutilated remains of sons1 lovers1 and fathers1 and still he remains ,napoleon1 the child of ,destiny1 the ,inscrutable1 the ,calm1 and1 if one may say so1 the ,gentleman4 ,women knew1 at least1 that their dead had fallen before the armies or at the will of a great man in those ,napoleonic days2 there was something of ,fate in the business4 ,but to-day the widow or the mourning mother1 whilst knowing that her son or her husband has fallen in defending ,humanity from the ,beast can find no quarter in their hearts for the form or the shape of manhood that stands1 in the words of ,swinburne3 ,curse consecrated1 crowned with crime and flame6 ,no taunt could be too bitter for their lips and none more bitter than the words of ,raemaekers3 ,my sons are lying here--where are yours8 ,h4 ,,de ,,vere ,,stacpoole4 ,illustration3 ,,my ,,sixth ,,son ,,is ,,now ,,lying ,,here--,,where ,,are ,,yours8 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,bunkered ,the ,crown ,prince is in a very awkward predicament4 ,he has driven his ball into a deep sand-pit from which a very clever professional golfer might perhaps extricate himself by a powerful stroke with a niblick4 ,but young ,william is not a professional1 and indeed knows nothing about the game4 ,so he takes his driver and his other wooden clubs1 and smashes them all1 with much bad language1 while he whacks at the ball1 which only buries itself deeper in the sand4 ,he is pondering what to do next4 ,there is1 however1 only one thing to do4 ,he must take up his ball and lose the hole4 ,the real players on his side must be disgusted at being saddled with such a partner4 ,but what is to be done when a fool is born a war-lord by right of primogeniture8 ,in a few years1 in the course of nature1 this fortunate youth will be the ,supreme ,war-,lord himself2 it will be his business to stand in shining armour by some luckless ally who has been selected to pick a quarrel for ,germany's benefit1 and to shake a mailed fist in the face of a trembling world4 ,that will be a spectacle for gods and men4 ,but perhaps something will happen instead4 ,w4 ,r4 ,,inge4 ,illustration3 ,,bunkered ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,gott ,,strafe ,,verdun ,an impartial military verdict on the ,german strategy and tactics at ,verdun has not yet been delivered4 ,after the failure of the ,allies to break through last year1 the ,german higher command issued a paper1 which has been printed in ,american newspapers1 advocating nibbling tactics1 instead of attempts to carry a strongly fortified line by a coup de main4 ,the ,germans have buoyed up their hopes by assuring each other that their troops have been making a slow but methodical progress toward the fortress1 according to program4 ,but even if we grant that the disproportion in casualties is probably not so great as some of our critics have supposed1 it is difficult to believe that the enemy was prepared for such resistance as he has met with4 ,to all appearance1 the ,germans expected to break through in a few days1 and hoped that this success would rehabilitate the credit of the paltry young prince whom we here see entangled in barbed wire1 his uniform in rags1 and despair depicted on his haggard face4 ,another confessed failure would finish the career of the ,crown ,prince2 and yet there are limits to the endurance of any troops1 and these limits have now been reached4 ,there is nothing left to young ,william but useless imprecations4 ,he swaggered into this war1 for which he is partly responsible1 expecting to win the reputation of a general2 he will sneak out of it with the reputation of a burglar4 ,w4 ,r4 ,,inge4 ,illustration3 ,,gott ,,strafe ,,verdun ,if only ,i knew whether it is less dangerous to advance or to retire4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,last ,,throw ,the first throw1 of course1 was that great rush which was stayed at the ,marne by the ,genius of ,joffre2 then there was the throw of the great attack on ,russia1 that which laid waste ,serbia1 and that which would have thrust men down from the ,alps on to the ,italian plain4 ,in each of these ,raemaekers' symbolism is applicable1 for in each case death threw higher than either ,germany or ,austria could afford4 ,but in none is the symbolism so terribly fitting as in this case of ,verdun1 where the fighting men went forward in waves and died in waves--here death threw higher in every attack than ,germany could throw1 and to such heights was the slaughter pushed that it was1 in truth1 the last throw of which these war-makers were capable4 ,it is significant1 now that ,germany can no longer afford such reckless sacrifices as were made before ,verdun1 that the ,german press contains allusions to heavy sacrifices on the part of the ,allies1 and tries to point to folly in allied policy4 ,surely1 in the matter of sacrifice of life1 no nation is so well qualified to speak from experience as ,germany4 ,there is clumsy anxiety expressed in every line of the figure that holds the dice box1 and in every line of the figure in the background is nervous fear for the result of the throw--fear that is fully justified4 ,but ,death1 master of the game1 waits complacently to mark the score1 knowing that these two gamblers are the losers--and that the loser pays4 ,e4 ,,charles ,,vivian4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,last ,,throw ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,zeppelin ,,bag ,here the artist has depicted the ,kaiser in one of his favourite roles1 that of a sportsman4 ,in pre-war times it was one of ,the ,all ,highest's chief ambitions to be taken for an ,english sportsman6 ,we believe there were people in those now seemingly remote days who took him at his own valuation in this regard4 ,our picture papers were full of photographs of him shooting at this or that nobleman's estate1 lunching after the morning's battue1 in the act of shooting1 inspecting the day's bag1 etc42 and other pictures were reproduced from the ,german papers from time to time of a similar character showing him as a sportsman in his native land4 ,there is still1 thank ,god1 something clean about ,british sport and sportsmen of which the ,kaiser never caught the inwardness and spirit4 ,it has come out on the battlefields to-day as it has on those of past generations4 ,it has taught the ,british soldier to fight clean1 and even chivalrously though the foe may be a past master in knavish tricks1 and steeped in unspeakable methods of cruelty in warfare4 ,how thin the veneer of a sportsmanship was upon the ,kaiser1 which is after all but symbolic of the higher and sterner virtues1 all the world has had a chance of judging4 ,and in this remarkable and arresting drawing the genius of the artist has taken and used a sporting incident with telling and even horrifying effect4 ,in the old days it was pheasants1 partridges1 grouse1 hares1 rabbits1 and other feathered game1 with the nobler stags and boars that formed the ,butcher of ,potsdam's 'bag4' ,to-day he has his battues by proxy on sea1 land1 and from the air4 ,thousands of victims1 as innocent as the feathered folk he slaughtered of yore2 and women and little children form the chief items of the bag2 and especially is this true of the fruit of the ,zeppelin raids4 ,he counts the bag and rewards the slayers of the innocent as he doubtless did the beaters1 huntsmen1 and keepers of the estates over which he formerly shot4 ,it has been his ambition to make ,europe one vast ,kaiserdom estate4 ,but the sands are running out1 and each bag1 whether by ,zeppelin or submarine1 serves but to stiffen the backs of the ,allies and horrify neutral nations4 ,some day the accumulated horrors of the ,kaiser's ideas of sportsmanship will have taught the latter the lesson that ,kaiserdom with ,europe as a ,kaiser estate means the death of liberty1 the extinction of the smaller nations1 and the setting up of a despotism as cruel as that of ,attila and his ,huns--the self-accepted and preached examples of ,william ,,ii of ,germany4 ,,clive ,,holland4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,zeppelin ,,bag ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,come ,,in1 ,,michael1 ,i ,,have ,,had ,a ,,long ,,sleep ,yes--a long and rejuvenating sleep6 ,the expression upon ,john's face indicates an amazing determination and alertness4 ,it is told of certain remarkable men--,de ,lesseps amongst the number--that they had the faculty of sleeping for several days and nights and then remaining wide awake and at full tension for an equally long period of time4 ,we may confidently predict that ,john has this faculty4 ,he is not likely to slumber again till his work is done1 and done thoroughly4 ,michael's expression1 ,i regret to note1 is not quite so pleasing as ,john's4 ,it gives furiously to think1 as our gallant and beautiful ,france puts it1 that when ,michael climbs through the window of the ,happy ,fatherland1 he may1 perchance1 inspire terror in the heart of the ,hun1 who doubtless expects that his enemies1 if they do invade the sacred soil1 will display those ,christian qualities of ,mercy and ,forbearance which have been so conspicuous1 by their absence1 in the treatment of unfortunate prisoners upon whom they inflicted the extreme rigour of ,kultur4 ,our cartoonist1 it will be noticed1 has placed sledge hammers in the hands of both ,john and ,michael1 rather primitive weapons1 but most admirably adapted for crushing4 ,and nothing short of crushing will satisfy the ,allies1 despite the futile wiles and whines of ,messrs4 ,trevelyan1 ,ponsonby1 ,morel1 and ,macdonald4 ,crushed they will and must be to fine powder4 ,the hammer strokes are falling now with a persistence and force which1 at long last1 reverberates in the cafes and beer gardens of ,munich and ,berlin4 ,the ,teuton tongue--a hideous concatenation of noise at its best--must be almost inarticulate to-day in its guttural chokings and splutterings4 ,frightfulness is coming home to roost4 ,with all our hearts we hold out the glad hand to ,michael4 ,come in1 and stay in--bless you6 ,,horace ,,annesley ,,vachell4 ,illustration3 ,,come ,,in1 ,,michael1 ,i ,,think ,i',m ,,awake ,,now4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,five ,,on ,a ,,bench ,all visions and poems of justice have been full of the refrain of deposuit potentes de sede2 but the bracing reality of such a revolution is lost by certain effects of antiquity1 by the mists which make the past somewhat monochrome1 and by the exalted equality of death4 ,to say that ,belisarius became a beggar means little to us when it seems only the difference between a rich and a tattered toga4 ,we do not picture ,belisarius in a patched pair of trousers3 but then we have no reason to be angry with ,belisarius4 ,but whenever real tyranny and honest wrath are reborn among men1 there will always be an instant necessity to represent the great reversal in the graphic colours of contemporary fact4 ,raemaekers' cartoon1 representing the tyrants of ,europe reduced to that very hopeless modern beggary to which they have driven many thousands of very much better men1 is perhaps of all his pictures the most grim1 or what would be called vindictive4 ,i think that such revenge is in truth merely realization4 ,the victims of the war have to sit on such real benches in such real rags4 ,and being one of the fiercest1 it is also one of the most delicate of the ,dutch artist's studies4 ,nothing could be truer than the insolent and swollen decay of the ,jew ,ferdinant2 or the more effeminate collapse of the ,kaiser1 the very spike on whose helmet droops with sentiment4 ,g4 ,k4 ,,chesterton4 ,illustration3 ,,five ,,on ,a ,,bench ,in a year and a half4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,what ,,about ,,peace1 ,,lads8 ,war--so certain of their own prophets have said--is a national industry of ,germany4 ,here we see a ,german chevalier d' industrie attempting to escape with his swag4 ,never in modern times has a nation gone to war with a more cynical and shameless determination to make the campaign pay for itself by the plunder of private property4 ,quite recently an order was found on the body of a ,german1 enjoining all officers to assist in the patriotic duty of draining financially the occupied territories4 ,we are dealing1 not with an honourable and civilized nation1 but with a band of murdering brigands4 ,the keepers of the national conscience have devised a monstrous and barbarous code of ethics1 in which patriotism is the sole duty1 and the tribal god the only arbiter of right and wrong4 ,as in ,roman law1 the property of an enemy is for a ,german res nullius--it has no owner4 ,and now the prospect of any further loot on a large scale seems remote4 ,the speculation has turned out badly1 and the robber would be glad to cut his losses4 ,the guardians of the law are at his heels1 and do not mean to let him escape4 ,but will they be able to make him disgorge8 ,that will not be easy2 and what atonement can be made for the innocent blood which drops from those pitiful spoils8 ,w4 ,r4 ,,inge4 ,illustration3 ,,what ,,about ,,peace1 ,,lads8 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,liberators ,this is one of those cartoons in which the neutral in ,raemaekers speaks with peculiar force4 ,such a picture by a ,britisher would reasonably be discounted as unduly prejudiced1 for it is none too easy for us in our present stresses to see the other fellow's point of view--in this difficult business of the blockade for an instance4 ,that friendly championing of the rights of neutrals suffering under the outrageous tyranny of the ,british ,navy is a thing to which only the detached humour of a neutral can do justice4 ,he can testify to the way in which the giant strength of that navy1 whether in peace or war1 has been used in the main not in the giants' tyrannous way2 he can make allowance for the exigencies which have caused occasional arbitrariness under the stress of war or even in some untactful moment of peace2 he can contrast the two main opposing navy's notions of justice1 courtesy1 seamanship--which is sportsmanship4 ,he can recall that no single right whether of combatant or neutral1 of state or individual1 guaranteed by international law1 which the ,germans have found it convenient or necessary to violate has been left unviolated2 that there is no single method or practice of war condemned by the common consent of civilization but has been employed by men who even have the candour to declare that they stand above laws and guarantees4 ,and therefore he can make grim1 effective fun of the sinister bandit with his foot planted on the shackled prisoner that lies between two murdered victims fatuously taking in vain the name of freedom4 ,,joseph ,,thorp4 ,illustration3 ,freedom of the land is ours--why should we not have freedom of the sea8 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,tom ,,thumb ,,and ,,the ,,giant ,the reference in this cartoon is to an incident which1 at the time of its occurrence1 is said to have caused considerable indignation in ,germany4 ,a ,zeppelin1 having been on a raiding expedition to ,england1 was hit on the return journey1 and dropped into the ,north ,sea4 ,the crew1 clinging to the damaged airship1 besought the captain of a ,british trawler to take them off1 but the captain1 seeing that the ,zeppelin crew far outnumbered his own1 declined to trust them1 and left them to their fate4 ,whether the trawler's captain actually put his thumb unto his nose and spread his fingers out is a matter for conjecture1 but under the circumstances it is scarcely likely4 ,the whole point lies in the ,german view of the trawler's captain and his inhuman conduct4 ,he knew1 perfectly well1 that if he rescued the crew of the ,zeppelin1 the probable reward for himself and crew would be a voyage to the nearest ,german port and interment in a prison camp for the remainder of the war--and plenty of reliable evidence is forthcoming as to the treatment meted out to men in ,german prison camps4 ,he knew1 also1 that these men who besought his aid were returning from one of the expeditions which have killed more women and children in ,england than able-bodied men1 that they had been sharing in work which could not be described as even of indirect military value1 but was more of the nature of sheer murder4 ,and ,germany condemned his conduct by every adjective that implied brutality and barbarity4 ,the unfortunate thing about the ,german viewpoint is that it takes into consideration only such points as favour ,germany1 a fact of which this incident affords striking evidence4 ,e4 ,,charles ,,vivian4 ,illustration3 ,,tom ,,thumb ,,and ,,the ,,giant ,come and save me4 ,you know ,i am so fond of children4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,we ,,have ,,finished ,,off ,,the ,,russians ,assuming that the statement with regard to finishing off the ,russians was actually written--and there is every reason to assume it--one may conjecture what memories it recalled4 ,the great battles of the ,warsaw salient1 the drive that lasted for many months through the flats of ,poland1 the struggles of the ,vilna salient1 and all the time the knowledge that mechanism1 the guns in which ,germany put her trust1 were shattering ,russian legions day after day4 ,then the gradual settling of the eastern line1 well into ,russia1 with all the industrial districts of ,poland firmly gripped in ,german hands1 and the certainty that though ,russia had not been utterly broken and forced to a peace1 yet so much had been accomplished that there was no longer any eastern menace1 but both ,germany and ,austria might go about their business of conquest in the west1 having finished off in the east4 ,but that strong figure with the pistol pointed at the writer1 that implacable1 threatening giant1 is a true type of ,russia the unconquerable4 ,it is a sign that the guns in which ,germany put her trust have failed her1 that the line which was to hold firm during the business of conquest in the west has broken--more1 it is a sign of the doom of the aggressor4 ,the writing of that fat1 complacent figure--sorry imitator of the world's great conquerors--is arrested1 and in place of stolid self-conceit there shows fear4 ,well-grounded fear4 ,history can show no crimes to equal the rape of ,belgium and the desolation of ,poland at the hands of ,germany4 ,the giant with the pistol stands not only as a returned warrior1 but also as an avenger of unspeakable crimes4 ,e4 ,,charles ,,vivian4 ,illustration3 ,,we ,,have ,,finished ,,off ,,the ,,russians ,wait a moment4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,muddle ,,through ,although this striking cartoon of ,raemaekers may1 since the consummation of ,lord ,derby's ,scheme and the raising of the new armies1 be said to have lost its sting it cannot be said no longer to have a lesson4 ,at the time of its first publication the sight of ,england assailed by the central ,empires bent on her destruction for having thrown the weight of her trident and her sword into the scales on the side of ,justice and ,right against ,lawlessness and ,might1 failed to evoke in many of her sons the spirit of patriotism which has since manifested itself in many glorious and immortal deeds4 ,it was difficult for us to realize that we were at war4 ,and at war not merely to protect the weak and uphold ideals of national righteousness1 but for national existence itself4 ,the doctrine of muddle through was not confined to the ,war ,office and other ,government ,departments1 but seemed to permeate the whole nation to a lamentable extent4 ,in the cartoon we have three typical men with that fatal business 7or pleasure7 as usual expression on their faces4 ,that ,germany should seek to wrest the trident and sovereignty of the seas from the hand of ,britain1 or should have devastated ,belgium and the ,north ,eastern ,department of ,france was obviously no personal concern of theirs4 ,let the other chaps fight if they would4 ,happily for ,england and for her gallant ,allies the point of the cartoon has been blunted1 if not entirely destroyed1 by subsequent events4 ,but the lesson8 ,it is not far to seek4 ,is it not that had business as usual not been so gladly adopted as the national creed in the early days of war1 we might have been happy in the blessings of ,peace by now1 or at least have had ,peace much nearer4 ,we do not envy the men who might have gone but who stayed at home in those early days1 when their earlier presence on the field of battle might have been the means not only of saving many thousands of valuable lives1 but of shortening the terrible carnage4 ,it would have been a thousand times better had the mind which conceived the phrase business as usual been acute enough to foresee the possible and disastrous misapplications of the phrase4 ,rather would it have been better had the idea crystallized in ,do it now4 ,,clive ,,holland4 ,illustration3 ,,muddle ,,through ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,my ,,enemy ,,is ,,my ,,best ,,friend ,these words of ,emerson's express exactly the thought of this cartoon4 ,the ,netherlands is a country that has been slowly won from the ocean2 the cruel sea has always been its enemy1 at first completely triumphant1 then gradually resisted and driven forth by the enterprise and toil of men2 but it is always an enemy to be dreaded4 ,its inroads have to be guarded against by great dykes and by the never-ceasing care and industry of the nation4 ,now and again the floods come1 and people barely escape in boats from the waters4 ,yet time and again the enemy has been the best friend of the ,netherlands4 ,this enemy has saved them from the domination of ,spain1 and now1 as the refugees on the floods of last winter are escaping from the jaws of death they feel that the water which is now an enemy 7vijand71 may to-morrow be a friend 7vriend72 for an invasion by the ,germans1 that ever-dreaded danger to all patriotic ,dutchmen1 can be guarded against only by the friendly help of the ocean which can be invoked in case of need to save its own people4 ,it was only in the last resort that ,william the ,silent consented to let in the sea4 ,he resisted the ,spaniards as long as he could1 and only when all possible chance of further resistance was at an end did he have recourse to the sea as the last friend4 ,he saved the country by allowing the ,german ,ocean to destroy it4 ,in this cartoon the people in the boats regard the sea as their enemy2 but an invasion by ,german armies could not be resisted except with the help of the friendly sea1 whose voice is the voice of ,freedom4 ,,william ,,mitchell ,,ramsay4 ,illustration3 ,the ,floods in ,holland--now a fiend1 to-morrow a friend4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,how ,i ,,deal ,,with ,,the ,,small ,,fry ,perhaps only those who have the opportunity of reading the papers published in neutral countries1 and have made a study of the mendacious news for neutrals issued by the notorious ,woolf ,agency and ,german ,wireless ,bureau1 are able to grasp the powerful inner motive which actuates ,raemaekers in the persistence with which he seeks to drive home the tragic stories of ,belgium and ,luxemburg4 ,at this time of day it might seem superfluous to issue a cartoon of this kind4 ,but is it8 ,with neutral opinion apparently by no means convinced as yet of the sinister designs of ,prussianism upon the liberties of ,europe and especially of smaller nations a drawing of such poignancy and force cannot fail to arrest the attention and bring home the lesson of that creed which has for its gospel such phrases as ,necessity knows no law and ,force shall rule4 ,it is inconceivable to the thinking mind that there can be a man or woman who1 with the story of the violation of ,belgium and ,luxemburg before them1 can possibly hesitate to brand the ,german nation with the mark of ,cain1 and tremble at the mere possibility that might should triumph over right4 ,our wonderment is all the greater when we remember how the ,kaiser and his murderous hordes have made no secret of their methods4 ,they may in the end seek to deny them1 to repudiate the deeds of blood and of unholy sacrilege and violence which in the early days of war were avowed concomitants of their policy1 but such disavowal is not yet4 ,beneath the ,kaiser's heel in bloody reality lie at the present time ,belgium and unprotected ,luxemburg every whit as much as is shown by the powerful pencil of the artist4 ,the reign of lust1 cruelty1 and destruction is not yet done1 though the signs and portents of the end are not now a-wanting4 ,the blood of men1 women1 and little children shall not cease to cry aloud for vengeance until the ,prussian eagle is humbled in the dust1 and its power for evil is utterly destroyed4 ,this is a good cartoon to bear in mind and look upon should ,war weariness ever overtake one4 ,it will be a good one to have upon one's wall when peace talk is head in the land4 ,thomas ,moore may be said to have composed an epitaph for ,prussianism three-quarters of a century ago when he wrote the lines3 ,accursed is the march of that glory ,which treads o'er the hearts of the free4 ,a great statesman has declared the ,allies will not sheathe the sword until ,justice is vindicated4 ,let us add and until reparation is exacted to the uttermost farthing from these responsible for this bloody conflict and its diabolical crimes1 whether the perpetrators be high or low4 ,,clive ,,holland4 ,illustration3 ,how ,i deal with the small fry4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,two ,,eagles ,a double-edged satire on both political birds4 ,neither is a true eagle4 ,they have talons but nothing of the noble air proper to the king of birds4 ,the ,german bird is not an eagle but a vulture2 and he is in a sorry plight1 with torn and ruffled feathers1 dishevelled1 dripping blood4 ,he is disappointed1 angry1 soured1 and unhappy4 ,yet he is straightforward about it4 ,he makes no attempt to disguise his feelings1 but glares at the other with the indignation of one who has been deceived written on his face and vibrating in his voice4 ,and his reproach gets home4 ,the ,american bird1 who is bigger and stands on a bigger rock1 is sleek enough except about the head which is a bit ruffled4 ,but he is more of a raven than an eagle in his sable plumes of professional cut1 and he is obviously not at ease4 ,he does not look the other in the face4 ,he stares straight in front of him at nothing with a forced1 hard and fixed smile1 obviously assumed because he has no reply to make4 ,during the war many indiscreet phrases have dropped from the lips of prominent persons who must bitterly regret them and wish them buried deep in oblivion4 ,but they stand on record1 and history will not let them die4 ,too proud to fight is the most unfortunate of all1 and when others are forgotten it will remain1 because it has a general application4 ,mr4 ,raemaekers exposes its foolishness here with a single masterly touch and he puts the exposure in the right mouth4 ,the cartoon is an illuminating epitome of the interminable exchange of notes between the two ,powers on submarine warfare4 ,a4 ,,shadwell4 ,illustration3 ,i thought you said you were too proud to fight4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,london--,,inside ,,the ,,savoy ,at first glance this cartoon would seem to imply that the people inside the ,savoy had little interest in the war1 for the figures in evening dress are well in the foreground2 a count of heads1 however1 will show six1 and possibly seven men in uniform and only four in civilian attire1 and of the soldiers not one is dancing--they are lookers-on at these strange beings who pursue the ordinary ways of life4 ,of such beings1 not many are left--certainly not this proportion of four to six1 or four to seven4 ,compulsion has thinned the ranks of the shirkers down to an irreducible minimum1 and a visit to the ,savoy at any time in the last six months of #aiaf would show khaki entirely preponderant1 just as it is in the streets4 ,these correctly dressed and monocled young men have been put into the national machine1 and moulded into fighting material--their graves are thick in ,flanders and along the heights north of the ,somme1 and they have proved themselves equal and superior to what had long been regarded as the finest fighting forces of ,europe4 ,it is in reality no far cry from the ,somme fighting area to the light and the music of the ,savoy1 and a man may dance one night and die under a ,german bullet the next--many have already done so4 ,here the artist shows the lighter side of ,british life to-day1 but one has only to turn to the companion cartoon to this1 ,outside the ,savoy1 to see that he realizes ,london as thoroughly in earnest about the war4 ,e4 ,,charles ,,vivian4 ,illustration3 ,,london--,,inside ,,the ,,savoy ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,london--,,outside ,,the ,,savoy ,the newsboy1 under military age2 one man1 well over military age2 three women--and all the rest in uniform--even the top of the bus that shows in the distance is filled with soldiers4 ,thus ,raemaekers sees the ,strand1 one of the principal thoroughfares of the heart of the ,british ,empire4 ,for the sake of contrast with the companion cartoon1 ,inside the ,savoy1 there is a slight exaggeration in this view of ,london street life in war-time--the proportion of civilians to soldiers is necessarily greater than this1 or the national life could not go on4 ,a host of industries are necessary to the prosecution of the war1 and it falls to some men to stay behind--many of them unwillingly4 ,there was a time1 in the early days1 when ,britain suffered from an under-estimate of the magnitude of this task of war--a time which the cartoon ,inside the ,savoy typifies in its presentment of careless enjoyment4 ,but that attitude was soon dispelled1 and it is significant of the spirit of the nation that only when nine-tenths of the necessary army had been raised by voluntary--indeed1 this is a certainty1 for not until long after the cartoon was published did any conscripts appear in the streets4 ,though1 in the proportion of soldiers to civilians1 the cartoon may exaggerate1 in its presentment of the spirit of the nation1 and of the determination of the nation with regard to the war1 it is true to life4 ,e4 ,,charles ,,vivian4 ,illustration3 ,,london--,,outside ,,the ,,savoy ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,invocation ,this drawing touches the highest level of the draughtsman's art and demonstrates the unique power of the pencil in a master hand4 ,so simple1 so true1 so complete1 so direct and so eloquent is the message that words can add nothing to it4 ,they can only pay a tribute of appreciation4 ,everybody can read the meaning at a glance2 none can read it wholly unmoved4 ,for here is pure humanity1 which none can escape1 the primal instinct without which man that is born of woman would not be4 ,before this weak1 bowed1 and homely figure ,knowledge is silent1 ,pride and ,passion are rebuked4 ,strength is shamed4 ,motherhood and mother-love transcend them all4 ,there is here nothing of anger1 no thought of hostility or revenge1 no trace of evil passion4 ,only a mother yearning after her son and pleading to another mother1 the ,divine type of motherhood1 the ,mother of ,god4 ,and what she asks is so little1 only to see him again4 ,she has given him1 as the mother to whom she prays gave her ,son1 and she does not demand him back4 ,she reproaches no one1 accuses no one1 makes no complaint and no claim for herself1 but meekly pleads that she may be allowed to see him again to still the longing in her breast4 ,she is a woman of the people1 a simple peasant1 but she personifies all mothers in every war1 as she bows her silvered head in humble prayer at the way-side shrine4 ,a4 ,,shadwell4 ,illustration3 ,,mon ,,fils--,,belgium1 #aiad ,let me see him again1 ,holy ,virgin6 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,the ,,country ,,life ,,press ,,garden ,,city1 ,n4 ,y4