,,am]ican ,,society ,,( ,,civil         
,,eng9e]s  ,,in/itut$ #aheb             
,,transactions  ,pap] ,no4 #aagg        
,,f9al ,,report ,,( ,,special           
,,committee ,,on ,,rail ,,sections4,a   
,y\r ,special ,committee on ,/eel       
,rails1 s9ce _! appo9tm5t 9 #aijb1 h    
held num]\s meet+s1 n only ( _! own     
body1 b also 9 conf]5ce ) ,committees   
repres5t+ o!r ,societies & ! /eel rail  
mak]s4 ,! results ( _! delib]ations h   
be5 pres5t$ to ! ,society 9 _! reports  
pres5t$ on--      ,janu>y  #ba/1        
#aijc;,b             #ah?1 #aije        
#ag?1 #aijf             #af?1 #aijg     
,july      #i?1 #aijg     ,decemb]  #f?1
 #aijg             #ah?1 #aijh          
,novemb] #cj?1 #aiji  ,z previ\sly      
report$ to y1 ! ,rail ,committee ( !    
,am]ican ,railway ,eng9e]+ & ,ma9t5ance 
( ,way ,association is also act+ = !    
,am]ican ,railway ,association2 & !     
latt] organization has gu>ante$ to x !  
necess>y funds to make exhau/ive te/s & 
obs]vations z to ! we>1 breakage1 etc41 

etc41 ( /eel rails4 ,?is "w is be+      
prosecut$1 & w ( necessity require      
sev]al ye>s4  ,y\r ,committee feels t x 
has no?+ to add to ! sev]al reports :i* 
x has pres5t$ to ! ,society1 p>ticul>ly 
z1 s f>1 ! sev]al c>d9al pr9ciples      
outl9$ 9 !m are be+ practically foll[$ 9
 ! sev]al us$ & propos$ specifications &
 rail sections4  ,9 view ( ! =ego+1 y\r 
,committee w\ld respectfully ask to be  
dis*>g$ s t ! field may be cle> if at   
any future "t ! ,society %\ld desire to 
aga9 place ! subject 9 ! h&s ( a        
,committee4                             
,,joseph ,t4 ,,ri*>ds1                  
,c4 ,w4 ,,bu*holz1                      
,e4 ,c4 ,,c>t]1                         
,s4 ,m4 ,,felton1                       
,,rob]t ,w4 ,,hunt1                     
,,john ,d4 ,,isaacs1                    
,,ri*>d ,,mont=t1                       
,h4 ,g4 ,,pr\t1                         
,,p]cival ,,rob]ts1 ,,jr41              
,,george ,e4 ,,?ackray1                 
,,edmund ,k4 ,,turn]1 ,approv$ 9        

connection ) ! atta*$ report3           
,,william ,r4 ,,web/]4  ,,june1 #aiaj4  
,,philadelphia1 ,,june #a,,/1 #aiaj4  ,i
 h sign$ ! ,report ( ! ,a4 ,s4 ,c4 ,e4  
,rail ,committee1--,approv$ 9 connection
 ) ! atta*$ report1 z ,i feel t ! report
 is too cond5s$1 & assumes t all are    
famili> ) ! ,rail situation1 especially 
:at has be5 done by ! o!r ,societies4   
,! "w und]tak5 by ?is ,committee has be5
 delegat$ by ,! ,am]ican ,railway       
,association to ! ,rail ,committee ( ,! 
,am]ican ,railway ,eng9e]+ & ,ma9t5ance 
( ,way ,association1 & x !re=e seems    
appropriate to give ! results ( _! "w1  
up to date1 to our memb]s 9 conv5i5t =m 
= ref]5ce1 especially z our rail        
specifications h n be5 work$ to1 & !y h 
(f]$ a bett] specification t w be work$ 
to1 & no d\bt l>gely us$ by ! memb]s (  
?is ,society4 ,! specification is atta*$
 to ?is report4  ,9 pres5t+ ?is         
specification to ! ,annual ,meet+ at    
,*icago 9 ,m>* la/1 ! ,committee said3,c
       ,a new specification %\ld n be   

propos$ at ?is "t )\t      c>eful       
consid]ation4 ,s f> z we "k1 no railroad
 company has      pur*as$ rails "u !    
specifications approv$ by ! ,am]ican    
,railway ,association & ref]r$ to u2 nor
 d we "k ( any      railway company t   
has succe$$ 9 buy+ rails dur+ ! pa/     
two ye>s accord+ to a specification     
entirely satisfactory to !      railroad
 company4 ,we believe t all ( !         
specifications "u      :i* rails h be5  
roll$ h be5 compromises on ! "p (       
bo? p>ties1 ) ! g5]al result t nei!r    
p>ty is      entirely satisfi$4 ,our    
exp]i5ce dur+ ! ye> has br\ght to       
our att5tion "s defects 9 all ( !       
specifications n[ be=e      u1 & act+ "u
 ! impression t !re is a di/9ct         
feel+ t we %\ld revise our              
specifications1 we (f] !      atta*$    
specifications = y\r consid]ation4 ,our 
,association has      no specification =
 ,op5-,he>? ,/eel ,rails1 & 9 ord] to   
comply ) ! in/ructions1 a specification 
= ,op5-,he>? ,/eel      ,rails is       

includ$4       ,we believe x necess>y to
 submit a slid+ scale = !      p]c5tages
 ( c>bon & phosphorus1 :i* provides =   
increas+      ! c>bon z ! phosphorus    
decreases4 ,! fix+ ( ?is scale          
prop]ly is a matt] requir+ c>e1 & we    
admit t our      k on ! subject is      
limit$4 ,! ,am]ican ,railway            
,association specification calls        
att5tion to ?is matt] 9 !      foll[+   
words3 ',:5 l[] phosphorus c be secur$1 
a prop]      proportionate increase 9   
c>bon %\ld be made4' ,! am\nt (         
increase is n provid$ = 9 !             
specifications1 & ?is      appe>s to u  
to be necess>y 9 ord] to secure uni=mity
 (      practice2 o!rwise1 ! fix+ ( ^!  
p]c5tages becomes a      matt] ( special
 arrangem5t4 ,bessem] rails are be+     
furni%$      regul>ly ) phosphorus "u ! 
maximum all[$1 & :]e ?is      is done1 !
 c>bon %\ld be rais$ above ! high] limit
 n[      fix$ 9 our specifications1 or a
 s(t & poor we>+ rail w      result2 yet
 ?is condition has n be5 fully gu>d$    

aga9/ 9      rails furni%$ "u exi/+     
specifications4 ,! l[] & upp]           
limits = c>bon h h]et(ore be5 fix$ ) !  
int5tion      t ! mills furni% rails ) a
 composition z ne> betwe5 !      two    
limits z possible4 ,! mills1 h[ev]1 9   
ord] to meet !      prescrib$ drop te/s 
) ! lea/ difficulty1 keep bo? !         
c>bon & manganese z ne>ly z possible to 
! l[] limits1      ) ! correspond+      
result t a g5]ally poor-we>+ rail is    
furni%$4       ,"s roads h prescrib$ !  
limits ( deflection to be all[$      "u 
! drop te/4 ,) our pres5t k1 we believe 
t we      %\ld fix a m9imum deflection  
to elim9ate brittle rails & to          
secure great] uni=mity ( product2 also  
maximum deflection to      elim9ate s(t 
rails4 ,we are n able at ! pres5t "t to 
fix      ^! limits1 b our ultimate      
object w be to det]m9e & fix      su*   
limits = ! specifications4       ,)     
ref]5ce to ! am\nt ( disc>d1 "t ( hold+ 
9 ladle1      size ( nozzles1 & o!r su* 
details ( manufacture or      ma*9]y1 we

 are ( ! op9ion t ! physical & *emical  
te/s requir$ %\ld be prescrib$1 & t we  
%\ld see t      ! mat]ial submitt$ =    
acceptance meets ! prescrib$ te/s4      
,we %\ld n dictate to ! manufactur]s !  
am\nt ( crop :i*      %all be remov$ f !
 top ( ! +ot1 z ?is %\ld v>y      ) !   
c>e & "t consum$ at ! v>i\s mills4 ,!   
railroads      %\ld n be ask$ to take   
any?+ b s\nd mat]ial 9 _!      rails4 ,!
 mills c furni% su* s\nd mat]ial if !   
prop] c>e      & suffici5t "t are tak5 9
 ! mak+ ( ! +ots4      ,in=mation d]iv$ 
f ! te/s be+ made at ! ,wat]t[n         
,ars5al %[s def9itely t s\nd rails _c be
 made f      uns\nd +ots1 & t1 !re=e1 ! 
prime requisite 9      secur+ a s\nd    
rail is to fir/ secure ! s\nd +ot4      
,we recomm5d t ! pres5t ,specifications 
= ,/eel ,rails be      )drawn f !       
,manual ( ,recomm5d$ ,practice ( !      
,association1 z no long] repres5t+ !    
curr5t /ate ( !      art4       ,we     
submit h]e)1 z ,app5dix ',a1' a =m =    
specifications4 ,x      w h to be am5d$ 

f "t to "t z we receive fur!r           
in=mation on ! subject4  ,!             
specifications ref]r$ to above 7 modifi$
 & pres5t$ at ! ,meet+ 9 ,supplem5t to  
,bullet9 ,no4 #aba1 ( ,m>*1 #aiaj1 & 9  
?is f9al =m are atta*$ h]eto4  ,^!      
specifications d n repres5t ! "w ( any  
"o ,society or ! "w ( any "o ,committee1
 b are ! result ( all ! "w ( ! diff]5t  
,societies1 z ! memb]s ( all are s      
int]wov5 t :atev] "w is done 9 any "o   
,society1 or by ! ,committee ( a        
,society1 has v naturally & =tunately   
be5 c>ri$ into ! o!rs4  ,at ! ,*icago   
,meet+ ^! specifications 7 accept$ )\t a
 s+le *ange1 & ?is is v unusual & %[s h[
 g5]ally acceptable !y 71 z ! memb]s (  
all ,rail ,committees 7 pres5t at !     
,meet+4 ,! ma9 po9ts 9 ?is specification
 7 discuss$ & agre$ ^u by ! memb]s ( !  
,committee & ! ,rail ,committee ( !     
manufactur]s :o h co-op]at$ ) !m 9 ?is  
"w4  ,9 ! matt] ( ,rail ,sections1 !    
,rail ,committee ( ,! ,am]ican ,railway 
,eng9e]+ & ,ma9t5ance ( ,way            

,association has n arriv$ at any def9ite
 conclusions4 ,! new sections ,a & ,b ( 
,! ,am]ican ,railway ,association h n   
giv5 z good results z 0 expect$ ( !m1 & 
! :ole matt] is yet "u consid]ation4 ,! 
,committee report$ z foll[s3,d       ,! 
in/ructions ( ! ,am]ican ,railway       
,association require u to      /udy !   
,a4 ,r4 ,a4 sections ',a' & ',b' 9 use &
 submit a s+le      type = /&>d4 ,ow+ to
 ! conditions exi/+ 9 #aijh1 v          
little rail 0 laid1 & practically none (
 ! ,a4 ,r4 ,a4      sections1 9 su*     
mann] z to give ! ne$$ in=mation4 ,?is  
ye>1 sev]al roads h laid ,a4 ,r4 ,a4    
sections ( rail1 ) a      view ( det]m9+
 ! relative m]its ( ! respective        
sections4      ,^! rails h be5 9 ! track
 s %ort a "t t we are n      ju/ifi$ 9  
draw+ any conclusions z to :i* ( ! ,a4  
,r4 ,a4      types1 ',a' or ',b1' or if 
ei!r1 is bett] ?an ! ,a4 ,s4 ,c4 ,e4    
sections4       ,bullet9 ,no4 #aaf1     
issu$ ,octob]1 #aiji1 gives ! /ati/ics =
      rail failures = six mon?s f       

,octob] #ca1 #aijh1 to ,april #cj1      
#aiji1 z report$ to ! ,committee4 ,^!   
/ati/ics d %[ t      ! diff]5ce 9       
section c be entirely annihilat$ by     
diff]5ce      9 *emical composition & by
 ! treatm5t 9 furnace & mill4       ,!  
results s f> obta9$ f ! heavy base ,a4  
,r4 ,a4 sections      are disappo9t+1 z 
we h receiv$ "s rail f ! mills (      ! 
new section :i* 0 z bad z we did ) ! old
      ,a4 ,s4 ,c4 ,e4 section1 %[+ t !  
quality ( ! rail does n      dep5d      
entirely ^u ! section4       ,! te/s to 
be inaugurat$ by ! ,committee1 comb9$ ) 
!      results ( ! te/s at ,wat]t[n & ! 
p]=mance ( ! rail      9 ! track1 w give
 u valuable data to aid u 9 com+ to a   
f9al conclusion4  ,a c>eful /udy ( !    
results already obta9$1 on bo? ,bessem] 
& op5-he>? /eel rails1 indicates t !    
next necess>y /ep w be ! use ( a mu*    
heavi] rail1 & ,i ?9k ! soon] ?is is    
admitt$ & trial lots ( say #a1jjj tons  
ea* ( #aaj-lb41 #abj-lb4 & #acj-lb4     
rails roll$1 ( ,bessem] & op5-he>? /eel1

 & put 9 s]vice "u ! mo/ sev]e          
conditions1 ! soon] we w get rid ( !    
pres5t difficulties ) our rails4  ,,wm4 
,r4 ,,web/]4       ,,specifications ,,= 
,,/eel ,,rails4,e  ,sid5ote3 ,process ( 
manufacture4      #a4 ,! entire process 
( manufacture %all be 9 accordance )    
! be/ curr5t /ate ( ! art4      7a7     
,+ots %all be kept 9 a v]tical position 
until ready to be     roll$1 or until ! 
metal 9 ! int]ior has _h "t to solidify4
      7b7 ,bl$ +ots %all n be us$4      
,sid5ote3 ,*emical composition4      #b4
 ,! *emical composition ( ! /eel f :i* !
 rails are     roll$ %all be )9 ! foll[+
 limits3                                
,,bessem]4       ,,op5-,,he>?4          
----------------------------------------
--------------                  #gj lbs4
 &                #gj lbs4 &            
ov]1 b   #he to #ajj lbs4 ov]1 b   #he  
to #ajj lbs4                  "u #he    
lbs4  inclusive4  "u #he lbs4 inclusive4
                                        
----------------------------------------

------------------------------- ,c>bon  
#j4dj to #j4ej #j4de to #j4ee  #j4ec to 
#j4ff #j4fc to #j4gf ,manganese         
#j4hj to #a4aj #j4hj to #a4aj  #j4gj to 
#a4jj #j4gj to #a4jj ,silicon           
#j4jg to #j4bj #j4jg to #j4bj  #j4jg to 
#j4bj #j4jg to #j4bj ,phosphorus1       
n to exce$         #j4aj         #j4aj  
#j4jd         #j4jd ,sulphur1           
n to exce$         #j4jge        #j4jge 
#j4jf         #j4jf       #c4 ,:5 !     
av]age phosphorus cont5t ( ! +ot metal  
us$ 9     ! ,bessem] ,process at any    
mill is bel[ #j4jh & 9 !     ,op5-,he>? 
,process is bel[ #j4jc1 ! c>bon %all be 
increas$ at     ! rate ( #j4jce = ea*   
#j4ja t ! phosphorus cont5t ( !     +ot 
metal us$ av]ages bel[ #j4jh = ,bessem] 
/eel1 or #j4jc =     ,op5-,he>? /eel4   
,! p]c5tage ( c>bon 9 an entire ord] (  
rails %all av]age     z high z ! mean   
p]c5tage betwe5 ! upp] & l[] limits4    
,sid5ote3 ,%e>+4      #d4 ,! end ( !    
bloom =m$ f ! top ( ! +ot %all be       
%e>$ until ! entire face %[s s\nd metal4

      ,all metal f ! top ( ! +ot1 :e!r  
made f ! bloom or     ! rail1 is ! top  
disc>d4  ,sid5ote3 ,%r9k      #e4 ,!    
numb] ( passes & spe$ ( tra9 %all be s  
regulat$     t1 on leav+ ! rolls at !   
f9al pass1 ! temp]ature ( !     rails w 
n exce$ t :i* requires a %r9kage        
all[ance at     ! hot saws1 = a #cc-;ft4
 rail ( #ajj lb4 section1 ( #f-a_/b 94 =
     ?ick base sections & #f-c_/d 94 =  
,a4 ,s4 ,,cc4 ,e4 sections1 & #a_/h     
94 less = ea* t5 p\nds decrease (       
section1 ^! all[ances     to be decreas$
 at ! rate ( #a-ajj 94 = ea* second ( "t
     elaps$ betwe5 ! rail leav+ ! f9i%+ 
rolls & be+     saw$4      ,! b>s %all n
 be held = ! purpose ( r$uc+ _!         
temp]ature1 nor %all any artificial     
means ( cool+ !m be us$     betwe5 !    
lead+ & f9i%+ passes1 nor aft] !y leave 
!     f9i%+ pass4  ,sid5ote3 ,section   
#f4 ,! section ( rail %all con=m z      
accurately z possible to     ! templet  
furni%$ by ! ,railroad ,company4 ,a     
v>iation 9 height     ( #a-fd 94 less or

 #a-cb 94 great] ?an ! specifi$ height1 
&     #a-af 94 9 wid? ( flange1 w be    
p]mitt$2 b no v>iations     %all be     
all[$ 9 ! dim5sions affect+ ! fit (     
splice b>s4  ,sid5ote3 ,weight      #g4 
,! weight ( ! rail %all be ma9ta9$ z    
ne>ly z     possible1 aft] comply+ ) !  
prec$+ p>agraph1 to t     specifi$ 9 !  
contract4      ,a v>iation ( "o-half (  
"o p] c5t4 f ! calculat$ weight     (   
section1 z appli$ to an entire ord]1 w  
be all[$4      ,rails w be accept$ &    
paid = accord+ to actual weight4        
,sid5ote3 ,l5g?      #h4 ,! /&>d l5g? ( 
rail %all be #cc ft4      ,t5 p] c5t4 ( 
! entire ord] w be accept$ 9 %ort]      
l5g?s v>y+ by #a ft4 f #cb ft4 to #be   
ft4      ,a v>iation ( #a_/d 94 f !     
specifi$ l5g?s w be all[$4      ,all    
,no4 #a rails less ?an #cc ft4 %all be  
pa9t$ gre5 on bo?     ends4  ,sid5ote3  
,f9i%+      #i4 ,c>e %all be tak5 9     
hot-/raight5+ rails1 & x %all     result
 9 _! be+ left 9 su* condition t !y w n 
v>y     ?r\gh\t _! entire l5g? m ?an f\r

 7#d7 94 f a     /raight l9e 9 any      
direction = ?ick base sections1 & #e 94 
= ,a4 ,s4 ,c4 ,e4 sections :5 deliv]$ to
 ! cold-/raight5+     presses4 ,^? :i*  
v>y beyond t am\nt1 or h %ort k9ks1     
%all be class$ z second quality rails & 
be s m>k$4      ,! di/ance betwe5       
supports ( rails 9 ! /raight5+ press    
%all n be less ?an =ty-two 7#db7 942    
supports to h flat     surfaces & out ( 
w9d4 ,rails %all be /raight 9 l9e &     
surface & smoo? on head :5 f9i%$1 f9al  
/raight5+ be+     done :ile cold4       
,!y %all be saw$ squ>e at ends1         
v>iations to be n m ?an     #a-cb 941 & 
prior to %ipm5t %all h ! burr caus$ by !
     saw cutt+ remov$ & ! ends made     
clean4  ,sid5ote3 ,drill+      #aj4     
,circul> holes = jo9t bolts %all be     
drill$ 9 accordance     ) specifications
 ( ! pur*as]4 ,!y %all 9 e respect      
con=m accurately to draw+ & dim5sions   
furni%$ & %all be     free f burrs4     
,sid5ote3 ,br&+      #aa4 ,! "n ( !     
manufactur]1 ! weight ( ! rail1 & !     

mon? & ye> ( manufacture %all be roll$ 9
 rais$ lett]s &     figures on ! side ( 
! web4 ,! numb] ( ! heat & a lett]      
indicat+ ! portion ( ! +ot f :i* ! rail 
0 made     %all be pla9ly /amp$ on ! web
 ( ea* rail1 :]e x w n     be cov]$ by !
 splice b>s4 ,rails to be lett]$        
consecutively ,a1     ,b1 ,c1 etc41 !   
rail f ! top ( ! +ot be+ ,a4 ,9 case ( a
     top disc>d ( tw5ty or m p] c5t4 !  
lett] ,a w be     omitt$4 ,op5-,he>?    
rails to be br&$ or /amp$ ,o4 ,h4 ,all  
m>k+ ( rails %all be done s effectively 
t ! m>ks may be     read z long z !     
rails are 9 s]vice4  ,sid5ote3 ,drop    
te/+4      #ab4 7a7 ,drop te/s %all be  
made on pieces ( rail roll$ f     ! top 
( ! +ot1 n less ?an f\r 7#d7 ft4 & n m  
?an     six 7#f7 ft4 long1 f ea* heat ( 
/eel4 ,^! te/ pieces %all     be cut f !
 rail b> next to ei!r end ( ! top rail1 
z     select$ by ! ,inspector4      ,!  
temp]ature ( ! te/ pieces %all be betwe5
 =ty 7#dj7 &     "o hundr$ 7#ajj7       
degrees ,fahr5heit4      ,! te/ pieces  

%all be plac$ head upw>d on solid       
supports1 five     7#e7 94 top radius1  
?ree 7#c7 ft4 betwe5 c5t]s1 & subject$  
to     impact te/s1 ! tup fall+ free f !
 foll[+ heights3      #gj lb4 rail      
#af ft4     #hj1 #he & #ij lb4 rail     
#ah ft4     #ajj lb4 rail               
#bj ft4      ,! te/ pieces :i* d n break
 "u ! fir/ drop %all be     nick$ & te/$
 to de/ruction4      7b7 7,x is propos$ 
to prescribe1 "u ?is p>agraph1 !        
requirem5ts 9 reg>d to deflection1 fix+ 
maximum & m9imum     limits1 z soon z   
prop] deflection limits h be5 decid$    
^u47  ,sid5ote3 ,te/s4      #ac4 7,a7   
,two pieces %all be te/$ f ea* heat (   
/eel4 ,if     ei!r ( ^! te/ pieces      
breaks1 a ?ird piece %all be te/$4      
,if two ( ! te/ pieces break )\t %[+    
physical defect1 all     rails ( ! heat 
w be reject$ absolutely4 ,if two ( ! te/
     pieces d n break1 all rails ( !    
heat w be accept$ z ,no4 #a     or ,no4 
#b classification 7accord+ z !          
deflection is less or     m1            

respectively1 ?an ! prescrib$ limit,a74 
7,b7 ,if1 h[ev]1 any te/ piece brok5 "u 
te/ ,a %[s physical     defect1 ! top   
rail f ea* +ot ( t heat %all be reject$4
      7,c7 ,additional te/s %all !n be  
made ( te/ pieces select$ by     !      
,inspector f ! top end ( any second     
rails ( ! same heat4     ,if two out (  
?ree ( ^! second te/ pieces break1 !    
rema9d]     ( ! rails ( ! heat w also be
 reject$4 ,if two out ( ?ree     ( ^!   
second te/ pieces d n break1 ! rema9d] (
 ! rails     ( ! heat w be accept$1     
provid$ !y con=m to ! o!r               
requirem5ts ( ^! specifications1 z ,no4 
#a or ,no4 #b     classification        
7accord+ z ! deflection is less or m1   
respectively1 ?an ! prescrib$ limit,f74 
7,d7 ,if any te/ piece1 te/ ,a1 does n  
break1 b :5 nick$ &     te/$ to         
de/ruction %[s int]ior defect1 ! top    
rails f ea*     +ot ( t heat %all be    
reject$4  ,sid5ote3 ,drop te/+ ma*9e4   
#ad4 ,! drop-te/+ ma*9e %all be ! /&>d (
 ! ,am]ican     ,railway ,eng9e]+ &     

,ma9t5ance ( ,way ,association1 & h a   
tup ( #b1jjj lbs4 weight1 ! /rik+ face (
 :i* %all h a     radius ( five 7#e7 94 
,! anvil block %all be adequately       
support$ & %all weigh     #bj1jjj lbs4  
,! supports %all be a "p ( or firmly    
secur$ to ! anvil4  ,sid5ote3 ,no4 #a   
,rails4      #ae4 ,no4 #a rails %all be 
free f injuri\s defects & flaws (       
all k9ds4  ,sid5ote3 ,no4 #b ,rails4    
#af4 ,rails :i*1 by reason ( surface    
imp]fections1 are n     accept$ z ,no4  
#a rails1 w be class$ z ,no4 #b rails1 b
 rails     conta9+ physical defects :i* 
impair _! /r5g?1 %all be     reject$4   
,no4 #b rails to ! ext5t ( five 7#e7 p] 
c5t4 ( ! :ole ord]     w be receiv$4    
,all rails accept$ z ,no4 #b rails %all 
h !     ends pa9t$ :ite1 & %all h two   
prick pun* m>ks on ! side     ( ! web   
ne> ! heat numb] ne> ! end ( ! rail1 s  
plac$     z n to be cov]$ by ! splice   
b>s4      ,rails improp]ly drill$1      
/raight5$1 or f :i* ! burrs     h n be5 
prop]ly remov$1 %all be reject$1 b may  

be     accept$ aft] be+ prop]ly f9i%$4  
,diff]5t classes ( rails %all be kept   
sep>ate 9 %ipm5t4      ,all rails %all  
be load$ 9 ! pres5ce ( ! inspector4     
,sid5ote3 ,inspection4      #ag4 7a7    
,inspectors repres5t+ ! pur*as] %all h  
free     entry to ! works ( !           
,manufactur] at all times :ile !        
contract is be+ execut$1 & %all h all   
reasonable facilities     af=d$ !m by ! 
,manufactur] to satisfy !m t ! rails    
h be5 made 9 accordance ) ! t]ms ( !    
specifications4      7b7 ,= ,bessem]    
,/eel ! ,manufactur] %all1 be=e ! rails 
are %ipp$1 furni% ! ,inspector daily )  
c>bon det]m9ations     = ea* heat1 & two
 complete *emical analyses e tw5ty-f\r  
h\rs repres5t+ ! av]age ( ! o!r elem5ts 
specifi$ 9     section #b h]e( conta9$ 9
 ! /eel1 = ea* day & night turn         
respectively4 ,^! analyses %all be made 
on drill+s tak5 f     ! ladle te/ +ot n 
less ?an #a_/d 94 b5ea? ! surface4      
,= ,op5-,he>? ,/eel1 ! mak]s %all furni%
 ! ,inspectors )     a complete *emical 

analysis ( ! elem5ts specifi$ 9 section 
#b     h]e( = ea* melt4      7c7 ,on    
reque/ ( ! ,inspector1 ! ,manufactur]   
%all furni%     drill+s f ! te/ +ot =   
*eck analysis4      7d7 ,all te/s &     
inspections %all be made at ! place (   
manufacture1 prior to %ipm5t1 & %all be 
s conduct$ z n to     unnecess>ily      
int]f]e ) ! op]ation ( ! mill4          
,,footnotes3  ,footnote ,a3 ,pres5t$ to 
! ,annual ,conv5tion1 ,june #ba/1 #aiaj4
  ,footnote ,b3 ,^! reports 7 publi%$ 9 
,proce$+s1 ,am4 ,soc4 ,c4 ,e41 z foll[s3
 ,febru>y1 #aijc1 p4 #dc2 ,febru>y1     
#aije1 p4 #fj3 ,febru>y1 #aijf1 p4 #ej2 
,febru>y1 #aijg1 p4 #fi2 ,augu/1 #aijg1 
p4 #bij2 ,febru>y1 #aijh1 p4 #he2       
,febru>y1 #aiji1 p4 #fa2 ,febru>y1      
#aiaj1 p4 #fb4  ,footnote ,c3 ,bullet9  
,no4 #aah1 ,decemb]1 #aiji4  ,footnote  
,d3 ,bullet9 ,no4 #aah4 ,decemb]1 #aiji4
  ,footnote ,e3 ,repr9t$ f ,supplem5t to
 ,bullet9 ,no4 #aba ( ! ,am]ican        
,railway ,eng9e]+ & ,ma9t5ance ( ,way   
,association 7,m>*1 #aiaj74  ,footnote  

,f3 ,note3 ,! clause 9 brackets 9       
,sections ,a & ,c to be add$ to !       
specifications :5 ! deflection limits   
are specifi$4