,,tintinnalogia3 ,,or1 ,,the ,,art ,,of ,,ringing4 ,wherein ,is laid down plain and easie ,rules for ,ringing all sorts of ,plain ,changes4 ,together with ,directions for ,pricking and ,ringing all ,cross ,peals2 with a full ,discovery of the ,mystery and ,grounds of each ,peal4 ,as ,also ,instructions for ,hanging of ,bells1 with all things belonging thereunto4 by a ,lover of that ,,art4 ,a4 ,persii ,sat4 ,v4 ,disce3 sed ira cadat naso1 rugosaque sanna1 ,,london1 ,printed for ,f4,s4 and are to be ,sold by ,tho4 ,archer1 at his ,shop under the ,dyal of ,st4 ,dunstan's ,church in ,fleet-street1 #afga4 ,,to ,,the ,,noble ,,society ,,of ,,colledge-,,youths4 ,,gentlemen1 ,i have seen a ,treatise intituled1 de ,tintinnabulis--that is1 of little ,bells1 the ,language ,latin1 but pen'd by a ,dutchman1 being a ,discourse of striking tunes on little ,bells with traps under the feet1 with several ,books on several ,instruments of ,music1 and ,tunes prick't for the same2 ,then considering that the ,well-wishers to either of them1 took great pains to make plain the use of them1 ,i thought it worth a ,dayes labour1 to write something on this ,art or ,science1 that the ,rules thereof might not be lost and obscured to some1 as the ,chronicles before ,william the ,conqueror1 being given only by ,tradition from ,father to ,son4 ,wherefore ,i humbly intreat you favourably to accept this small ,treatise1 as a foundation whereon may be raised a famous ,structure2 and if any one objects a fault1 excuse it with the ,ringing term--,he was ,over-bell'd--,so you will much oblige him that is a ,well-wisher to your ,recreation1 ,,campanista4 ,on the ,ingenious ,art of ,,ringing4 ,what ,musick is there that compar'd may be ,to well-tun'd ,bells enchanting melody6 ,breaking with their sweet sound the willing ,air1 ,and in the listning ear the ,soul ensnare2 ,the ravisht ,air such pleasure loth to lose1 ,with thousand ,echoes still prolongs each close2 ,and gliding streams which in the ,vallies trills1 ,assists its speed unto the neighbouring ,hills2 ,where in the rocks caves1 with hollow gounds1 ,the warbling lightsome ,element rebounds4 ,this for the ,musick3 ,in the ,action's ,health1 ,and every ,bell is a ,wit's ,common-wealth ,for here by them we plainly may discern1 ,how that ,civility we are to learn4 ,the ,treble to the ,tenor doth give place1 ,and goes before him for the better grace3 ,but when they chance to change1 'tis as a dance1 ,they foot ,a ,galliard1 la mode de ,france4 ,an ,eighteenscore's a figure dance1 but ,grandsire ,hath the ,jig-steps6 ,tendrings ,peal doth answer ,the manner of ,corants3 ,a plain ,six-score1 ,is like a ,saraband1 the motion slower4 ,when ,bells ,ring round1 and in their ,order be1 ,they do denote how ,neighbours should agree2 ,but if they ,clam1 the harsh sound spoils the sport1 ,and 'tis like ,women keeping ,dover ,court ,for when all talk1 there's none can lend an ear ,the others story1 and her own to hear2 ,but pull and hall1 straining for to sputter ,what they can hardly afford time to utter4 ,like as a valiant ,captain in the ,field1 ,by his ,conduct1 doth make the ,foe to yield2 ,ev'n so1 the leading ,bell keeping true time1 ,the rest do follow1 none commits a ,crime3 ,but if one ,souldier runs1 perhaps a ,troop ,seeing him gone1 their hearts begin to droop2 ,ev'n so the fault of one ,bell spoils a ,ring1 7,and now my ,pegasus has taken ,wing47 ,upon the ,presentation of ,,grandsire ,,bob ,to the ,,colledge-,,youths1 ,by the ,,author of that ,,peal4 ,gentlemen of the ,noble ,crew ,of ,colledge-,youths1 there lately blew ,a wind1 which to my ,noddle flew 7upon a day when as it ,snew27 ,which to my ,brains the ,vapors drew ,and there began to work and brew1 ',till in my ,pericranium grew ,conundrums1 how some ,peal that's ,new ,might be compos'd8 and to pursue ,these thoughts 7which did so whet and hew ,my flat ,invention7 and to shew ,what might be done1 ,i strait withdrew ,myself to ponder--whence did accrue ,this ,grandsire ,bob1 which unto you ,i ,dedicate1 as being due ,most properly2 for there's but few ,besides1 so ready at their ,q---- 7,especially at the first ,view7 ,to apprehend a thing that's ,new2 ,though they'l pretend1 and make a shew1 ,as if the intricat'st they knew2 ,what ,bob doth mean1 and ,grandsire ,true1 ,and read the course without a ,clue ,of this new ,peal3 ,yet though they screw ,their shallow ,brains1 they'l ne're unglue ,the ,method on't 7and ,i'm a ,jew7 ,if ,i don't think this to be true1 ,they see no more on't than blind ,hugh4 ,well1 let their tongues run ,titere tu1 ,drink muddy ,ale1 or else ,french ,lieve1 ,whil'st we our ,sport and ,art renew1 ,and drink good ,sack till ,sky looks blew1 ,so ,grandsire bids you ,all adieu4 ,r4,r4 ,,the ,,art ,,of ,,ringing4 ,of the ,beginning of ,changes4 ,it is an ancient ,proverb with us in ,england 7,that ,rome was not built in a day7 by which expression is declared1 ,that difficult things are not immediately done1 or in a short time accomplished3 ,but for the ,art of ,ringing1 it is admirable to conceive in how short a time it hath increased1 that the very depth of its intricacy is found out2 for within these ,fifty or ,sixty years last past1 ,changes were not known1 or thought possible to be ,rang3 ,then were invented the ,sixes1 being the very ground of a ,six score3 ,then the ,twenty1 and ,twenty-four1 with several other ,changes4 ,but ,cambridge ,forty-eight1 for many years1 was the greatest ,peal that was ,rang or invented2 but now1 neither ,forty-eight1 nor a ,hundred1 nor ,seven-hundred and twenty1 nor any ,number can confine us2 for we can ,ring ,changes1 ,ad infinitum4 ,although ,philosophers say1 ,no ,number is infinite1 because it can be numbred2 for infinite is a quantity that cannot be taken or assigned1 but there is 7infinitum quoad hos7 as they term it1 that is infinite in respect of our apprehension3 ,therefore a ,ringers knowledge may seem infinite to dive so infinitely into such an infinite ,subject2 but least my ,discourse should be infinite1 ,i will conclude it1 and proceed to the ,peals following4 ,before ,i ,treat of the method and diversity of ,peals1 ,i think it not impertinent to speak something of the ,properties wherewith a ,young ,ringer ought to be qualified1 and then proceed to the ,peals4 ,first then1 before he is entred into a ,company1 it is presupposed1 that he is able to ,set a ,bell ,fore-stroke and ,back-stroke1 as the terms are3 ,next1 that he know how to ,ring ,round1 or ,under-sally3 ,then1 that he may be complete1 it is convenient1 that he understand the ,tuning of ,bells2 for what is a ,musician1 unless he can ,tune his ,instrument1 although he plays never so well8 ,to do which1 let him learn on some ,instrument1 or ,wyer-,bells1 to know a ,third1 ,fifth1 and ,eighth1 which are the principal ,concords3 ,or otherwise1 let him get a ,pipe called a ,pitch-pipe1 which may be made by any ,organ-maker1 to contain eight ,notes1 or more1 7according to his pleasure7 with their ,flatts and ,sharps1 which will be very useful in the ,tuning of ,bells4 ,and then this is a general ,rule1 begin at the ,tenor1 or biggest ,bell1 and count #c whole ,notes1 then a half ,note1 or ,sharp1 #c whole ,notes1 then a half ,note1 or ,sharp2 and so on1 until you come to the least ,bell or ,treble4 ,for example on four ,bells1 #a3bcd1 here the #dcb are whole ,notes1 and the half ,note or ,sharp is between #a and #b4 ,on ,five ,bells1 #ab3cde the #edc are whole ,notes2 and the half ,note or ,sharp is between #b and #c4 ,on ,six1 #abc3def the half ,note or ,sharp is between #c and #d4 ,on ,eight ,bells1 #a3bcde3fgh1 one half ,note or ,sharp is between #e and #f1 and the other between #a and #b4 ,on ,ten1 #abc3defg3hiaj2 here one half ,note is between #g and #h1 and the next between #c and #d4 ,on ,twelve ,bells1 #ab3cde3fghi3aj #aa #ab4 ,here one half ,note or ,sharp is between #i and #aj1 the next between #e and #f1 and the other between #b and #c1 which last is made contrary to the former ,rule1 it being but two whole ,notes from the next half ,note to it2 the reason is this1 the ,ninth is one whole ,note below the ,eighth1 therefore the #b must be a whole ,note below the ,treble1 otherwise they would not be a true ,eighth1 therefore the half ,note is put between #b and #c4 ,now he that hath these ,rules1 and a good ear to judge of the ,concords1 may at any time cast his ,verdict 7as to ,bells1 whether they are well in ,tune or not7 amongst the chief of the ,company4 ,of the ,changes4 ,a ,change is made between two ,bells that strikes next to each other1 by removing into each others places1 as in these two ,figures #a1 #b4 make a ,change between them1 and they will stand #b1 #a4 which is called a ,change2 make another ,change between them1 and they will stand in their right places1 as at first1 #a1 #b4 ,these two ,changes are all that can be made on two ,bells4 ,the ,changes on three ,bells4 ,on three ,bells there are six several ,changes to be made2 in ,ringing of which1 there is one ,bell to be observed1 which is called the ,hunt1 and the other two are ,extream ,bells 7but they cannot properly be so called1 because every ,bell hunts in the six ,changes2 yet because 'tis commonly ,rang by observing a ,hunt and two ,extream ,bells1 ,i will therefore proceed in that course47 ,the name of ,hunt is properly given to it1 because of its continual motion up and down amongst the other ,bells1 which motion is called ,hunting1 and the other two are called ,extream ,bells1 because when the ,hunt is either before or behind them1 that is at the ,extream1 or utmost place1 there is a ,change then to be made between them1 called an ,extream ,change4 ,there are two several wayes to ,ring the six ,changes4 ,one whereof is to make the ,treble the ,hunt1 and the other way is to make the ,tenor the ,hunt4 ,i will give an ,example in hunting the ,treble1 the ,bells are supposed to stand thus4-- #abc ,now the ,treble must be hunted up over the ,second and ,third1 which is to be done1 by making a ,change between the ,treble1 and each of those two ,bells in order2 therefore first ,i remove the ,treble up over the ,second1 into the seconds place1 by making a ,change between the ,treble and ,second1 thus4-- #bac ,the ,treble being removed up over the ,second1 it must next be removed up over the ,third1 as in this ,change4-- #bca ,alwayes observe1 that when the ,hunt moves from the foremost ,bell toward the hindmost1 then it hunts up1 as in the ,changes next before2 but when it moves or hunts from the hindmost ,bell1 toward the ,bell that leads1 then it hunts down1 as appears by the ,changes following4 ,the ,treble being hunted up behind the ,extream ,bells1 an ,extream ,change is next to be made between them4-- #cba ,here you may observe1 that if the ,hunt had been hunted down without an ,extream ,change first made1 those ,changes in hunting it down1 would have been the same with those that were made in hunting it up4 ,the ,extream ,change being made1 the ,treble must be hunted down again before the ,bells thus4-- #cab #acb ,the ,treble being now hunted down1 the next is to be an ,extream ,change4-- #abc which is the last ,change of the six4 ,the other way to ,ring the six ,changes1 is1 to make the ,tenor the ,hunt1 which being behind already1 it must first be hunted down1 as in these ,changes4-- #abc #acb #cab ,the ,third1 which is the ,hunt1 being hunted down before the ,bells1 the ,extream ,change must next be made between the #b1 and #a4 ,which are the ,extream ,bells1 thus4-- #cba ,the ,extream ,change being made1 the ,third must be hunted up again4-- #bca #bac ,the ,third being hunted up1 another ,extream must be made1 which brings the ,bells round in their right places4-- #abc ,the ,plain ,changes on four ,bells4 ,on four ,bells1 there are ,twenty four several ,changes1 in ,ringing of which1 there is one ,bell called the ,hunt1 and the other three are ,extream ,bells2 the ,hunt moves1 and hunts up and down continually1 and lies but once in one place1 except only when it comes before or behind the ,bells1 at which time it lies there twice together2 it has the same course here1 as in the six ,changes before set down2 two of the ,extream ,bells makes a ,change every time the ,hunt comes before or behind them4 ,an ,example ,i will here give1 making the ,treble the ,hunt1 and the ,extream ,changes ,i make between the two farthest ,extream ,bells from the ,hunt4 ,i set down the four ,figures1 representing the four ,bells1 thus4-- #abcd ,the ,treble must now be hunted up behind the ,bells1 where it is to lie twice together1 and then to hunt down before them1 where it must lie twice1 and then hunt up again as before4 ,the ,hunt is alwayes one of the two ,bells which makes every ,change1 except only when it comes before or behind the ,bells1 and it moves only over one ,bell at a time2 'tis to be hunted up after this manner4-- #bacd #bcad #bcda ,the ,treble being hunted up behind the ,bells1 as appears by the last ,changes1 the next is to be an ,extream ,change between the two farthest ,extream ,bells from the ,hunt1 which are the ,second and ,third1 thus4-- #cbda ,the ,extream being made1 the ,treble must be hunted down again1 as in these ,changes4-- #cbad #cabd #acbd ,the ,treble being hunted down1 there is another ,extream ,change to be made between the two farthest ,bells from it1 which are the ,second and ,fourth4-- #acdb ,the ,extream being made1 the ,treble must be hunted as before1 and so to the end of the ,peal1 making an ,extream ,change every time the ,hunt comes before and behind the ,bells4-- #cadb #cdab #cdba #dcba #dcab #dacb #adcb #adbc #dabc #dbac #dbca #bdca #bdac #badc #abdc #abcd ,the ,twenty-four ,changes are to be ,rang another way1 in hunting up the ,treble1 which is1 by making every ,extream ,change between the two nearest ,bells to the ,hunt1 as in these ,changes1 first ,i hunt the ,treble up4-- #abcd #bacd #bcad #bcda ,the ,treble being hunted up1 the ,extream ,change is to be made between the #c and #d1 which are the two nearest ,bells to it1 as in this ,change1 #bdca and so to the end of the ,peal1 making every ,extream between the two nearest ,bells to the ,hunt all the way4 ,these two wayes in ,ringing the ,twenty-four1 differs only in making the ,extream ,changes1 one whereof is to make them between the two farthest ,extream ,bells from the ,hunt1 and the other to make them between the two nearest ,bells to it4 ,the ,twenty-four ,changes are to be ,rang two wayes more in hunting down the ,treble2 one way1 is to make the ,extreams between the two farthest ,bells from the ,hunt2 and the other1 is to make them between the two nearest1 as before4 ,a short ,example ,i will set down1 the ,bells stand thus4-- #abcd ,the ,treble should now be hunted down1 but it being already before the ,bells1 insomuch that it can be removed no lower2 therefore the first must be an ,extream ,change1 either between the two nearest1 or two farthest ,bells from the ,hunt at pleasure2 the ,extream being made1 the ,treble is to hunt up1 and so to the end of the ,peal1 in the same course as before4 #abdc #badc #bdac #bdca #dbca #dbac #dabc #adbc #adcb #dacb #dcab #dcba #cdba #cdab #cadb ,in hunting the ,second1 ,third1 or ,fourth1 there is to be observed the same course1 as in hunting the ,treble3 ,a short ,example ,i will set down1 in hunting the ,third up1 and making the ,extream ,changes between the two farthest ,bells from it4-- #abcd #abdc #badc #bacd #bcad #cbad ,first1 ,i hunt up the third over the fourth2 the ,hunt being up1 ,i make an extream between the treble and second1 and then hunt down the third again1 as in these changes1 which course is to be observed to the end of the ,peal4 ,i have insisted the longer upon the directions to the ,twenty-four changes1 because it is the ground and method in ,ringing all plain changes2 and by understanding this aright1 the ,learner will more easily apprehend the course of all plain and single changes whatsoever4 ,the ,twenty-four plain changes are to be ,rang sixteen several wayes2 in hunting one ,bell1 it is to be ,rang four ways2 that is1 two wayes in hunting it up1 and the other two wayes in hunting it down1 7as appears in my directions before in hunting the treble37 so that in hunting the #d ,bells1 'tis to be ,rang #d times #d wayes1 which makes #af1 some of which ,i have here set down4 ,treble ,hunt up1 ,extream between the #b farthest ,bells from it4 #abcd #bacd #bcad #bcda #cbda #cbad #cabd #acbd #acdb #cadb #cdab #cdba #dcba #dcab #dacb #adcb #adbc #dabc #dbac #dbca #bdca #bdac #badc #abdc #abcd ,second up1 extream between the #b nearest to it4 #abcd #acbd #acdb #adcb #adbc #abdc #badc #bdac #dbac #dabc #dacb #dcab #dcba #dbca #bdca #bcda #cbda #cdba #cdab #cadb #cabd #cbad #bcad #bacd #abcd ,fourth down1 ,extream between the two farthest ,bells from it4 #abcd #abdc #adbc #dabc #dacb #adcb #acdb #acbd #cabd #cadb #cdab #dcab #dcba #cdba #cbda #cbad #bcad #bcda #bdca #dbca #dbac #bdac #badc #bacd #abcd ,some persons do observe to ,ring the ,twenty-four changes with a whole ,hunt1 and half ,hunt2 but that is an imperfect course2 for there cannot be one half hunt only1 but there will unavoidably be three half ,hunts in one and the same ,twenty-four2 therefore ,i have set down the other way to ring it1 by observing a hunt1 and three extream ,bells1 which course is much more easie and true4 ,in the ,twenty-four ,changes are contained the six ,changes2 the three ,extream ,bells in the ,twenty-four makes the six ,changes in course1 every extream change being one of the six1 and the ,hunt hunting through each of the six ,changes1 makes ,twenty-four3 ,for ,example1 take the three ,extream ,bells in the first ,twenty-four set down before1 which are #bcd1 and set down the six ,changes on them1 thus4-- #bcd #cbd #cdb #dcb #dbc #bdc #bcd ,now take the first ,change1 which is #bcd1 set the ,treble before it1 and hunt it through1 thus4-- #abcd #bacd #bcad #bcda ,the ,treble being hunted up behinde1 take the next ,change of the six1 which is #cbd1 set it directly under the ,first1 and hunt the ,treble down through it1 thus4-- #cbda #cbad #cabd #acbd ,and so take each of the other six ,changes1 and hunt the ,treble through them1 it will make ,twenty-four4 ,i will here insert two or three old ,peals on five ,bells1 which 7though rejected in these dayes1 yet7 in former times were much in use1 which for ,antiquity sake1 ,i here set down4 ,and first1 ,the ,twenty all over4 ,the course is this--every ,bell hunts in order once through the ,bells1 until it comes behind them2 and first the ,treble hunts up1 next the ,second1 and then the #c1 #d and #e1 which brings the ,bells round in their right places again1 at the end of the ,twenty ,changes1 as in this following ,peal4-- #abcde #bacde #bcade #bcdae #bcdea #cbdea #cdbea #cdeba #cdeab #dceab #decab #deacb #deabc #edabc #eadbc #eabdc #eabcd #aebcd #abecd #abced #abcde ,this ,peal is to be ,rang1 by hunting the ,bells down1 beginning with the ,tenor1 next the fourth1 and so the third1 second1 and treble1 which will bring the ,bells round in course as before4 ,an ,eight and ,forty4 ,in this ,peal1 the ,fifth and ,fourth are both whole ,hunts1 each of which does hunt down before the ,bells by turns1 and lies there twice together and then hunts up again3 ,the #a1 #b and #c goes the six changes1 one of which is made every time1 either of the whole ,hunts lies before the ,bells1 as in the following ,changes1 where the fifth hunts down the first2 and lying before the ,bells1 there is a change made between the #a #b1 which is one of the six changes2 and then the fifth hunts up again into its place1 and the fourth hunts down1 which lying before the ,bells1 there is another of the six changes made between the #a and #c1 and then the fourth hunts up again1 and the fifth hunts down next2 in which course it continues to the end of the ,peal1 each of the whole ,hunts lying but twice at one time before the ,bells1 as in these following changes4 #abcde #abced #abecd #aebcd #eabcd #ebacd #beacd #baecd #baced #bacde #badce #bdace #dbace #dbcae #bdcae #bcdae #bcade #bcaed #bcead #becad #ebcad #ecbad #cebad #cbead #cbaed #cbade #cbdae #cdbae #dcbae #dcabe #cdabe #cadbe #cabde #cabed #caebd #ceabd #ecabd #eacbd #aecbd #acebd #acbed #acbde #acdbe #adcbe #dacbe #dabce #adbce #abdce #abcde ,cambridge ,eight and ,forty4 ,wherein it is observed1 that the ,treble and ,second does never come behind1 neither does the ,fifth and ,fourth come before1 as in the following ,changes4 #abcde #bacde #baced #baecd #beacd #becad #bcead #bcaed #cbaed #cbead #cebad #ceabd #caebd #cabed #cabde #cadbe #cdabe #cdbae #cbdae #cbade #bcade #bcdae #bdcae #bdace #badce #badec #bdaec #bdeac #bedac #beadc #baedc #abedc #aebdc #aedbc #adebc #adbec #abdec #abdce #adbce #adcbe #acdbe #acbde #acbed #acebd #aecbd #aebcd #abecd #abced #abcde ,the ,plain ,changes on five ,bells4 ,there are ,six-score ,changes to be ,rang on five ,bells1 which are to be ,rang1 by observing a whole ,hunt1 a half ,hunt1 and three ,extream ,bells2 the course of the whole ,hunt1 is the same with the ,hunt in the ,twenty-four ,changes1 and hunts up and down in the same manner4 ,the half ,hunt moves once1 that is1 over one ,bell every time1 the whole ,hunt comes before and behind the ,bells2 but when the half ,hunt is removed either before or behind the ,extream ,bells1 then there is an ,extream ,change to be made4 ,for ,example1 ,i make the ,treble the whole ,hunt1 and hunt it up2 and the ,second the half ,hunt and half hunt it up1 making every ,extream ,change between the two farthest ,extream ,bells from the half ,hunt2 the ,extream ,bells are the ,third1 ,fourth1 ,fifth3 ,now observe1 that whereas in the ,twenty-four ,changes1 an ,extream ,change was alwayes made1 when the whole ,hunt came before or behind the ,bells1 in these ,six-score ,changes an ,extream is alwayes to be made1 when the ,half ,hunt comes before or behind the ,extream ,bells2 first the ,treble is to be hunted up1 as in these ,changes4-- #abcde #bacde #bcade #bcdae #bcdea ,the whole ,hunt being hunted up1 the ,second1 which is the half ,hunt1 must be hunted up over one ,bell1 as in this ,change4-- #cbdea ,the half ,hunt being removed up over one ,bell1 the whole ,hunt must be hunted down again1 as in these ,changes4-- #cbdae #cbade #cabde #acbde ,the whole ,hunt being hunted down1 the half ,hunt is to be removed up over the ,fourth1 which is the next ,bell to it4-- #acdbe ,the whole ,hunt is to hunt up as before4-- #cadbe #cdabe #cdbae #cdbea ,now the half ,hunt is to be hunted up over the ,fifth1 which is the next ,bell to it1 thus4-- #cdeba ,here the ,second1 which is the half ,hunt1 is removed quite up behind the ,extream ,bells2 yet the ,extream ,change is not to be made1 until the whole ,hunt has removed down through the ,bells1 as in these ,changes4-- #cdeab #cdaeb #cadeb #acdeb ,and it is a constant ,rule1 that whensoever the half ,hunt has removed up behind the ,extream ,bells1 or down before them1 the whole ,hunt must hunt through the ,bells1 before the ,extream ,change is made1 as in the last ,change but four1 which is #c1 #d1 #e1 #b1 #a4 the ,second being the half ,hunt1 is removed up behind the #c1 #d1 and #e4 which are the ,extream ,bells2 and then the whole ,hunt being behind1 hunts immediately down2 and now the ,extreame ,change is to be made between the #c1 and #d4 which are the two farthest ,extream ,bells from the half ,hunt1 as in this ,change4-- #adceb ,the ,extream being made1 the whole ,hunt and half ,hunt are to remove again2 and first the whole ,hunt must be hunted up4-- #daceb #dcaeb #dceab #dceba ,now the half ,hunt is to be hunted down under one ,bell1 thus4-- #dcbea ,the half ,hunt being removed1 the whole ,hunt is to be hunted down4-- #dcbae #dcabe #dacbe #adcbe ,the half ,hunt is to be removed down under another ,bell1 as in this ,change4-- #adbce ,now ,i hunt up the ,treble4-- #dabce #dbace #dbcae #dbcea ,the ,treble being hunted up1 ,i hunt down the ,second before the ,extream ,bells4-- #bdcea ,now ,i hunt down the ,treble again1 and then make the ,extream ,change1 as in these ,changes4-- #bdcae #bdace #badce #abdce #abdec ,the last is the ,extream ,change1 which is made between the ,third and ,fifth2 and this course is to be observed to the end of the ,six-score ,changes1 which is set down at large at the end of the directions to this ,peal4 ,another short ,example ,i will insert1 which is ,second down1 and ,fourth up1 7for that is the common ,phrase amongst ,ringers7 whereby 'tis alwayes to be observed1 that the first ,bell which is named1 is the whole ,hunt1 and the second that is named1 is the half ,hunt1 as herein you may perceive2 where ,second down1 is meant1 that the ,second ,bell is the whole ,hunt1 and to hunt down the first ,change2 and the ,fourth ,bell is the half ,hunt1 and to half hunt up1 that is1 to move up towards the hindmost ,bell the first time it moves at the beginning of the ,peal2 which are only directions in making the first ,changes1 for one whole ,hunt and half ,hunt may be hunted several wayes1 either up or down at pleasure4 ,first1 ,i hunt down the ,second4-- #abcde #bacde ,the ,second being hunted down1 the ,fourth1 which is the half ,hunt1 must be removed up over one ,bell1 thus4-- #baced ,the half ,hunt being removed1 ,i must hunt up the ,second1 as in these ,changes4-- #abced #acbed #acebd #acedb #caedb #caebd #cabed #cbaed #bcaed #bcade ,now the ,fourth1 which is the half ,hunt1 being behind the ,extream ,bells1 the next is to be an ,extream ,change1 which may be made either between the two farthest ,bells from the half ,hunt1 or the two nearest to it2 and after the ,extream ,change is made1 the whole ,hunt and half ,hunt must be hunted as before4 ,these ,six-score ,changes of ,second and ,fourth1 ,i have set down at large1 at the end of my directions to these ,changes on five ,bells4 ,in every ,six-score1 the ,extream ,changes may be made either between the two farthest ,extream ,bells from the half ,hunt1 or between the two nearest to it1 observing to make all the ,extreams in one ,six-score alike2 that is1 if you make the first ,extream ,change between the two farthest ,extream ,bells from the half ,hunt1 you must make all the following ,extreams in the same ,six score between the two farthest ,extream ,bells also2 or if you make the first ,extream in any ,six-score between the two nearest to the half ,hunt1 you must make all the following ,extreams in the same ,six-score between the two nearest also4 ,the ,six-score plain and single ,changes1 are to be ,rang ,eight-score several wayes2 for although there are but ,six-score several ,changes on five ,bells1 yet by altering the whole ,hunt1 the half ,hunt1 and ,extreams1 the course of the ,changes are so altered1 that the same ,changes doe not come all along together in any two of those ,eight-score wayes4 ,with one whole ,hunt and half ,hunt1 the ,six-score ,changes are to be ,rang1 or set down eight several wayes2 one way1 is by hunting the whole ,hunt1 and half ,hunt both up2 the second way1 is by hunting the whole ,hunt and half ,hunt both down2 the third way1 is in hunting the whole ,hunt up1 and the half ,hunt down2 the fourth way1 is by hunting the whole ,hunt down1 and the half ,hunt up2 each of these four wayes is to be ,rang two wayes more2 one is1 in making the ,extreams between the two farthest ,extream ,bells from the half ,hunt1 and the other way is in making them between the two nearest2 for ,example1 in making the treble the whole ,hunt1 and second the half ,hunt1 the ,six-score are to be ,rang eight several wayes 7viz47 ,extream ,changes to be made between the #b farthest ,extream ,bells from the half ,hunt4 ,treble and second both up ,treble and second both down ,treble down1 and second up ,treble up1 and second down ,extream ,changes to be made between the two nearest ,extream ,bells to the half ,hunt1 which is called ,mediums4 ,treble and second both up ,treble and second both down ,treble down1 and second up ,treble up1 and second down ,on five ,bells there are #bj ,hunts1 7i4e47 a whole ,hunt1 and half ,hunt twenty times1 and not one2 and the same whole ,hunt1 and half ,hunt twice1 as appears by the following ,figures1 where they stand two and two together2 one of which is the whole ,hunt1 and the other the half ,hunt3 for ,example1 the #b highest ,figures are #a4b where the treble is the whole ,hunt1 and the second the half ,hunt4 ,the two next ,figures are #a4c where the treble is the whole ,hunt1 and the third the half ,hunt2 and likewise the two last1 or lowest ,figures1 are #e4d the fifth is the whole ,hunt1 and the fourth the half ,hunt2 and so of all the rest1 the first ,figure representing the whole ,hunt1 and the next to it the half ,hunt4 #a4b #b4a #c4a #d4a #e4a #a4c #b4c #c4b #d4b #e4b #a4d #b4d #c4d #d4c #e4c #a4e #b4e #c4e #d4e #e4d ,so that there being twenty ,hunts1 and every one making eight ,six-scores 7as in the ,example of treble and second7 that is twenty 7which are the number of ,hunts27 multiplied by eight 7which are the number of ,six-scores made by each ,hunt7 does produce ,eight-score several wayes to ,ring the ,six-score ,changes4 ,in the ,six-score ,changes are comprehended the ,twenty-four1 and the ,six ,changes3 ,the ,twenty-four ,changes are made between the half ,hunt1 and the three ,extream ,bells2 and the ,six are made between the ,extream ,bells alone3 ,the half ,hunt in the ,six-score1 is the whole ,hunt in the ,twenty-four2 and there is one ,change in the ,twenty-four made every time the whole ,hunt comes before and behind the ,bells2 and one ,change in the ,six made every ,extream3 ,so that the ,six-score rightly understood1 is nothing else but hunting the half ,hunt through every ,change of the ,six1 which makes ,twenty-four ,changes3 and then hunting the whole ,hunt through each ,change of the ,twenty-four1 which makes ,six-score2 for instance1 in the first ,six-score before set down1 where the treble is the whole ,hunt1 the second the half ,hunt1 and the #cde the ,extream ,bells4 ,i take the ,extream ,bells1 and set down the six ,changes on them thus4-- #cde #dce #dec #edc #ecd #ced #cde ,now ,i take the first of the six1 which is #cde1 and set the second 7which was the half ,hunt in the ,six-score7 to it1 and hunt it up behind thus4-- #bcde #cbde #cdbe #cdeb ,now ,i take the second ,change of the six1 which is #dce1 and set it directly under #cde1 and the second ,bell to it1 and hunt it down thus4-- #dceb #dcbe #dbce #bdce ,the second being hunted through the ,change1 ,i take the third ,change in the six1 which is #dec1 and hunt the second ,bell through it1 as before4-- #bdec #dbec #debc #decb ,and in the same course1 the second being hunted through each ,change of the six1 will make ,twenty-four1 one ,change of the six1 hunting the second ,bell through it1 makes four ,changes2 so that the six ,changes by hunting the second through each of them1 will make six times four ,changes 7i4e47 ,twenty-four4 ,and now hunt the ,treble through each of the ,twenty-four ,changes1 and 'twill make ,six-score2 the first of the ,twenty-four is #bcde1 take the ,treble1 and hunt it through it thus4-- #abcde #bacde #bcade #bcdae #bcdea ,now take the next ,change of the ,twenty-four1 which is #cbde1 set it under the other ,change1 and hunt the ,treble through it thus4-- #cbdea #cbdae #cbade #cabde #acbde ,and in the same manner1 hunting the ,treble through each ,change of the ,twenty-four1 will produce ,twenty-four times five ,changes1 which makes ,six-score2 one ,change of the ,twenty-four 7in hunting the ,treble through it7 makes five ,changes4 ,in every ,six-score on #e ,bells1 there are #f ,extream ,changes1 there being twenty ,changes from one ,extream to another4 ,it would be an endless undertaking to set down all these ,peals at large1 but for the convenience of the ,learner1 ,i have set down some part of several of them1 which may with ease be prickt out to the end of each ,peal1 as the ,learner pleases4 ,note1 ,that in the following ,peals there is a ,line drawn at each ,extream ,change between the ,figures1 to shew where the ,extreams are made2 as in the next ,peal there is a ,line drawn between the ,figures just #bj ,changes from the beginning of the ,peal1 the change next after the ,line is the ,extream ,change1 which is #adceb1 and so of the rest2 the ,change next following each ,line is the ,extream4 ,treble and second both up1 ,extream between the two farthest ,extream ,bells from the half ,hunt4 #abcde #bacde #bcade #bcdae #bcdea #cbdea #cbdae #cbade #cabde #acbde #acdbe #cadbe #cdabe #cdbae #cdbea #cdeba #cdeab #cdaeb #cadeb #acdeb ----- #adceb #daceb #dcaeb #dceab #dceba #dcbea #dcbae #dcabe #dacbe #adcbe #adbce #dabce #dbace #dbcae #dbcea #bdcea #bdcae #bdace #badce #abdce ----- #abdec #badec #bdaec #bdeac #bdeca #dbeca #dbeac #dbaec #dabec #adbec #adebc #daebc #deabc #debac #debca #decba #decab #deacb #daecb #adecb ----- #aedcb #eadcb #edacb #edcab #edcba #edbca #edbac #edabc #eadbc #aedbc #aebdc #eabdc #ebadc #ebdac #ebdca #bedca #bedac #beadc #baedc #abedc ----- #abecd #baecd #beacd #becad #becda #ebcda #ebcad #ebacd #eabcd #aebcd #aecbd #eacbd #ecabd #ecbad #ecbda #ecdba #ecdab #ecadb #eacdb #aecdb ----- #acedb #caedb #ceadb #cedab #cedba #cebda #cebad #ceabd #caebd #acebd #acbed #cabed #cbaed #cbead #cbeda #bceda #bcead #bcaed #baced #abced ----- #abcde ,treble up1 fifth down1 ,extreams between the two farthest ,extream ,bells from the half ,hunt4 #abcde #bacde #bcade #bcdae #bcdea #bceda #bcead #bcaed #baced #abced #abecd #baecd #beacd #becad #becda #ebcda #ebcad #ebacd #eabcd #aebcd ----- #aebdc #eabdc #ebadc #ebdac #ebdca #bedca #bedac #beadc #baedc #abedc #abdec #badec #bdaec #bdeac #bdeca #bdcea #bdcae #bdace #badce #abdce ----- #adbce #dabce #dbace #dbcae #dbcea #dbeca #dbeac #dbaec #dabec #adbec #adebc #daebc #deabc #debac #debca #edbca #edbac #edabc #eadbc #aedbc ----- #aedcb #eadcb #edacb #edcab #edcba #decba #decab #deacb #daecb #adecb #adceb #daceb #dcaeb #dceab #dceba #dcbea #dcbae #dcabe #dacbe #adcbe ----- #acdbe #cadbe #cdabe #cdbae #cdbea #cdeba #cdeab #cdaeb #cadeb #acdeb #acedb #caedb #ceadb #cedab #cedba #ecdba #ecdab #ecadb #eacdb #aecdb ----- #aecbd #eacbd #ecabd #ecbad #ecbda #cebda #cebad #ceabd #caebd #acebd #acbed #cabed #cbaed #cbead #cbeda #cbdea #cbdae #cbade #cabde #acbde ----- #abcde ,second down1 and fourth up1 ,extream between the two farthest ,bells from the half ,hunt4 #abcde #bacde #baced #abced #acbed #acebd #acedb ----- #caedb #caebd #cabed #cbaed #bcaed #bcade #cbade #cabde #cadbe #cadeb #cdaeb #cdabe #cdbae #cbdae #bcdae #bdcae #dbcae #dcbae #dcabe #dcaeb ----- #dceab #dceba #dcbea #dbcea #bdcea #bcdea ,second and third both down1 ,extream between the two farthest ,extream ,bells from the half ,hunt4 #abcde #bacde #bcade #cbade #cabde #cadbe #cadeb ----- #caedb #caebd #cabed #cbaed #bcaed #baced #abced #acbed #acebd #acedb #aecdb #aecbd #aebcd #abecd #baecd #baedc #abedc #aebdc #aedbc #aedcb #eadcb #eadbc #eabdc #ebadc ,third and fifth both up1 ,extream between the two farthest ,extream ,bells from the half ,hunt4 #abcde #abdce #abdec ----- #badec #badce #bacde #bcade #cbade #cbaed #bcaed #baced #baecd #baedc #beadc #beacd #becad #bcead #cbead #cebad #ecbad #ebcad #ebacd #ebadc ----- #ebdac #ebdca ,fourth down1 ,treble up1 ,extream between the two nearest ,extream ,bells to the half ,hunt4 #abcde #abdce #adbce #dabce #dbace #bdace #badce #bacde #baced #bcaed #bcade #bcdae #bdcae #dbcae #dbcea #bdcea #bcdea #bceda #bcead ----- #becad #becda #bedca #bdeca #dbeca #dbeac #bdeac #bedac #beadc #beacd #baecd #baedc #badec #bdaec #dbaec #dabec #adbec #abdec #abedc #abecd ----- #aebcd #aebdc #aedbc #adebc #daebc #deabc #edabc #eadbc #eabdc #eabcd #ebacd #ebadc #ebdac #edbac #debac #debca #edbca #ebdca #ebcda #ebcad ----- #ecbad #ecbda ,fifth down1 treble up1 ,extream ,changes between the two farthest ,extream ,bells from the ,half ,hunt4 #abcde #abced #abecd #aebcd #eabcd #ebacd #beacd #baecd #baced #bacde #bcade #bcaed #bcead #becad #ebcad #ebcda #becda #bceda #bcdea #bcdae #cbdae #cbdea #cbeda #cebda #ecbda #ecbad #cebad #cbead #cbaed #cbade #cabde #cabed ,treble second both down4 #abcde #abced #baced #bcaed #bcead #bceda #cbeda #cbead #cbaed #cabed #acbed #acebd #caebd #ceabd #cebad #cebda #cedba ,second treble both down4 #abcde #bacde #baced #abced #acbed #acebd #acedb #caedb #caebd #cabed #cbaed #bcaed #bcead #cbead #cebad #ceabd #ceadb #cedab ,the ,changes on six ,bells4 ,on six ,bells there are ,seven-hundred and twenty ,changes to be made2 but there are ,peals of ,six-score and ,twelve-score ,changes to be ,rang on them4 ,the ,six-score ,changes are to be made1 by observing a whole ,hunt and half ,hunt1 which are to be hunted in the same course1 as in the ,six-score on five ,bells1 and the ,extream ,changes to be made by the same ,rule as they were on five ,bells4 ,the only difference between the ,six-score on six ,bells1 and those on five1 are this2 whereas on five there are but three ,extream ,bells1 on six there are four ,extream ,bells4 ,and on five ,bells1 there are six ,extream ,changes in every ,six-score2 but on six1 there are but four ,extream ,changes4 ,and moreover1 whereas in every ,six-score on five ,bells1 the ,changes were the same in each1 although altered in course2 but the ,changes on six ,bells are not the same in each1 for several ,six-scores has several ,changes1 one ,six-score having many ,changes which another has not1 as in this ,peal1 treble and second both up1 which is1 #abcdef #bacdef #bcadef #bcdaef #bcdeaf #bcdefa #cbdefa #cbdeaf #cbdaef #cbadef #cabdef #acbdef #acdbef #cadbef #cdabef #cdbaef #cdbeaf #cdbefa #cdebfa #cdebaf #cdeabf #cdaebf #cadebf #acdebf #acdefb #cadefb #cdaefb #cdeafb #cdefab #cdefba ------ #dcefba #dcefab #dceafb #dcaefb #dacefb #adcefb #adcebf #dacebf #dcaebf #dceabf #dcebaf #dcebfa #dcbefa #dcbeaf #dcbaef #dcabef #dacbef #adcbef #adbcef #dabcef #dbacef #dbcaef #dbceaf #dbcefa #bdcefa #bdceaf #bdcaef #bdacef #badcef #abdcef ------ #abdcfe #badcfe #bdacfe #bdcafe #bdcfae #bdcfea #dbcfea #dbcfae #dbcafe #dbacfe #dabcfe #adbcfe #adcbfe #dacbfe #dcabfe #dcbafe #dcbfae #dcbfea #dcfbea #dcfbae #dcfabe #dcafbe #dacfbe #adcfbe #adcfeb #dacfeb #dcafeb #dcfaeb #dcfeab #dcfeba ------ #cdfeba #cdfeab #cdfaeb #cdafeb #cadfeb #acdfeb #acdfbe #cadfbe #cdafbe #cdfabe #cdfbae #cdfbea #cdbfea #cdbfae #cdbafe #cdabfe #cadbfe #acdbfe #acbdfe #cabdfe #cbadfe #cbdafe #cbdfae #cbdfea #bcdfea #bcdfae #bcdafe #bcadfe #bacdfe #abcdfe ------ #abcdef ,there are other ,peals to be ,rang on six ,bells1 as ,six-scores on the five smallest1 the tenor lying behind all the way4 ,treble and second1 or treble and fifth1 with the tenor lying behind1 makes very good ,musick3 ,of which ,peals ,i need not give you any ,example1 these ,six-scores being the same with those on five ,bells set down before4 ,the ,twelve-score ,changes being only part of the ,seven-hundred and twenty1 and consequently the course of each being one and the same1 ,i will therefore shew the course and method of the ,seven-hundred and twenty1 wherein the ,twelve-score ,changes are also included4 ,in ,ringing the ,seven-hundred and ,twenty1 there is a whole ,hunt1 a half ,hunt1 a quarter ,hunt1 and three ,extream ,bells2 the whole ,hunt and half ,hunt does hunt in the same course and method1 as they did in the ,six-score on five ,bells1 and in the last ,six-score2 and the quarter ,hunt removes in the same course under the half ,hunt1 as the half ,hunt does under the whole ,hunt3 for instance1 when the whole ,hunt is hunted either before or behind the ,bells1 then the half ,hunt removes over one ,bell2 and when the half ,hunt is removed before or behind the quarter ,hunt and ,extream ,bells 7at which time in a ,six-score the ,extream is made7 then the quarter ,hunt removes over one ,bell1 in the same course as the half hunt moves1 when the whole ,hunt is before or behind4 ,an ,example ,i will set down1 which is #a1 #b and #c all up1 that is to say1 treble the whole ,hunt1 and to hunt up1 second the half ,hunt1 and to half hunt up1 and third the quarter ,hunt1 and to quarter hunt up #d1 #e and #f are ,extream ,bells2 there is alwayes an ,extream ,change to be made when the quarter ,hunt comes before or behind the ,extream ,bells1 there are two wayes to make the ,extreams1 which are the same here1 as in the ,six-score on five1 and made by the same ,rule1 ,i will here make it between the two farthest ,extream ,bells from the quarter ,hunt4 ,now the treble and second being the whole ,hunt and half ,hunt1 must be hunted in the same course1 as in the ,six-score on five ,bells1 after this manner4 #abcdef #bacdef #bcadef #bcdaef #bcdeaf #bcdefa #cbdefa #cbdeaf #cbdaef #cbadef #cabdef #acbdef #acdbef #cadbef #cdabef #cdbaef #cdbeaf #cdbefa #cdebfa #cdebaf #cdeabf #cdaebf #cadebf #acdebf #acdefb #cadefb #cdaefb #cdeafb #cdefab #cdefba ,the half ,hunt being hunted up1 the third is to remove up over one ,bell1 and then the whole ,hunt and half ,hunt to remove again thus4 #dcefba #dcefab #dceafb #dcaefb #dacefb #adcefb #adcebf #dacebf #dcaebf #dceabf #dcebaf #dcebfa #dcbefa #dcbeaf #dcbaef #dcabef #dacbef #adcbef #adbcef #dabcef #dbacef #dbcaef #dbceaf #dbcefa #bdcefa #bdceaf #bdcaef #bdacef #badcef #abdcef ,the whole ,hunt and half ,hunt being hunted down1 the quarter ,hunt must remove up over the fifth1 and then the whole ,hunt and half ,hunt must hunt up again1 as in the following ,changes4 #abdecf #badecf #bdaecf #bdeacf #bdecaf #bdecfa #dbecfa #dbecaf #dbeacf #dbaecf #dabecf #adbecf #adebcf #daebcf #deabcf #debacf #debcaf #debcfa #decbfa #decbaf #decabf #deacbf #daecbf #adecbf #adecfb #daecfb #deacfb #decafb #decfab #decfba ,the whole ,hunt and half ,hunt being hunted up1 the quarter ,hunt must be removed quite up over the sixth1 as in this ,change #defcba the quarter ,hunt being hunted up behind the ,extream ,bells1 yet the ,extream ,change is not to be made1 until the whole ,hunt and half ,hunt have both removed thorough the ,bells1 as in these ,changes4 #defcab #defacb #deafcb #daefcb #adefcb #adefbc #daefbc #deafbc #defabc #defbac #defbca #debfca #debfac #debafc #deabfc #daebfc #adebfc #adbefc #dabefc #dbaefc #dbeafc #dbefac #dbefca #bdefca #bdefac #bdeafc #bdaefc #badefc #abdefc ,it is to be observed for a constant ,rule1 that when the quarter ,hunt removes either quite up behind the ,extream ,bells1 or down before them1 the whole ,hunt and half ,hunt must hunt through the ,bells before the ,extream ,change is to be made1 as appears by the last ,changes4 ,the ,extream ,change is now to be made between the #d and #e1 being the two farthest ,extream ,bells from the third1 which is the quarter ,hunt1 thus4-- #abedfc ,the ,extream being made1 the whole ,hunt1 half ,hunt1 and quarter ,hunt must be hunted as before2 and first the whole ,hunt and half ,hunt are to be hunted up1 as in these ,changes4 #baedfc #beadfc #bedafc #bedfac #bedfca #ebdfca #ebdfac #ebdafc #ebadfc #eabdfc #aebdfc #aedbfc #eadbfc #edabfc #edbafc #edbfac #edbfca #edfbca #edfbac #edfabc #edafbc #eadfbc #aedfbc #aedfcb #eadfcb #edafcb #edfacb #edfcab #edfcba ,the whole ,hunt and half ,hunt being hunted up1 the quarter ,hunt must hunt down under the sixth1 which is the next ,bell to it1 and then the whole ,hunt and half ,hunt must hunt down again1 as in the ,changes following4 #edcfba #edcfab #edcafb #edacfb #eadcfb #aedcfb #aedcbf #eadcbf #edacbf #edcabf #edcbaf #edcbfa #edbcfa #edbcaf #edbacf #edabcf #eadbcf #aedbcf #aebdcf #eabdcf #ebadcf #ebdacf #ebdcaf #ebdcfa #bedcfa #bedcaf #bedacf #beadcf #baedcf #abedcf ,the quarter ,hunt must be hunted down under the ,fourth1 and then the whole ,hunt and half ,hunt are to hunt up again1 as appears by these changes4 #abecdf #baecdf #beacdf #becadf #becdaf #becdfa #ebcdfa #ebcdaf #ebcadf #ebacdf #eabcdf #aebcdf #aecbdf #eacbdf #ecabdf #ecbadf #ecbdaf #ecbdfa #ecdbfa #ecdbaf #ecdabf #ecadbf #eacdbf #aecdbf #aecdfb #eacdfb #ecadfb #ecdafb #ecdfab #ecdfba ,now the quarter hunt is to be hunted down before the ,extream ,bells1 and then the whole ,hunt and half ,hunt to hunt again before the ,extream ,change is made4 #cedfba #cedfab #cedafb #ceadfb #caedfb #acedfb #acedbf #caedbf #ceadbf #cedabf #cedbaf #cedbfa #cebdfa #cebdaf #cebadf #ceabdf #caebdf #acebdf #acbedf #cabedf #cbaedf #cbeadf #cbedaf #cbedfa #bcedfa #bcedaf #bceadf #bcaedf #bacedf #abcedf ,the quarter ,hunt being before the ,extream ,bells1 the ,extream ,change is to be made3 ,here are just ,twelve-score ,changes already set down1 and the ,bells may either be brought round1 and so make an end at the ,twelve-score1 or else proceed forward to the end of the ,seven hundred and twenty4 ,if the bells are not brought round here1 they cannot come round1 until the ,seven-hundred and twenty ,changes are all made1 and then they come round in course4 ,to bring the ,bells round at the end of these ,twelve-score ,changes1 the ,extream is to be made between the #e and #d1 which were the two ,bells that made the last ,extream ,change1 and brings them round in their right places again1 as appears by these figures #abcdef4 ,there are but two ,extream ,changes in every ,twelve-score1 wherein 'tis constantly observed1 that the last ,extream ,change is to be made between those two ,bells which made the first ,extream1 otherwise the ,bells would not come round at the end of the ,twelve-score4 ,here ,i have somewhat deviated from my directions before1 in making the ,extream ,changes2 for in the last ,change1 which is #abcdef1 ,i made the ,extream between the two nearest ,extream ,bells to the quarter ,hunt2 but the ,twelve-score ,changes are an imperfect ,peal1 being only a third part of the ,changes which are to be made on six ,bells1 and therefore not to be brought round1 unless the last ,extream ,change is made out of course4 ,to have proceeded forward in the #gbj1 the last ,extream should have been made between the #d and #f1 which are the two farthest ,extream ,bells from the quarter ,hunt1 the ,change next before the ,extream1 is #abcedf2 now the #d and #f making an ,extream ,change1 the ,bells stand thus1 #abcefd2 the ,extream being made1 the whole hunt1 half hunt1 and quarter hunt are to be hunted as before1 and the ,extream ,changes to be made between the two farthest ,extream ,bells from the quarter hunt1 which course will bring the ,bells round in their right places at the end of the #gbj4 ,in every #gbj1 there are six ,extream ,changes1 there being ,six-score ,changes between each4 ,the ,twelve-score ,changes are to be ,rang with any whole hunt1 half hunt1 and quarter hunt1 observing to make the last ,extream ,change between those two ,bells which made the first4 ,the #gbj plain ,changes are to be rang or set down ,one thousand four hundred and forty several wayes1 by altering the whole hunt1 half hunt1 quarter hunt1 and ,extream ,bells 7but the course of each is the same with that which is before set down7 which ,i thus demonstrate4 ,on #f ,bells1 there are #abj several hunts1 7viz47 a whole hunt1 half hunt1 and quarter hunt ,six-score several times1 and not one and the same whole hunt1 half hunt1 and quarter hunt twice1 as appears by these ,figures4-- #abc #bac #cab #dab #eab #fab #abd #bad #cad #dac #eac #fac #abe #bae #cae #dae #ead #fad #abf #baf #caf #daf #eaf #fae #acb #bca #cba #dba #eba #fba #acd #bcd #cbd #dbc #ebc #fbc #ace #bce #cbe #dbe #ebd #fbd #acf #bcf #cbf #dbf #ebf #fbe #adb #bda #cda #dca #eca #fca #adc #bdc #cdb #dcb #ecb #fcb #ade #bde #cde #dce #ecd #fcd #adf #bdf #cdf #dcf #ecf #fce #aeb #bea #cea #dea #eda #fda #aec #bec #ceb #deb #edb #fdb #aed #bed #ced #dec #edc #fdc #aef #bef #cef #def #edf #fde #afb #bfa #cfa #dfa #efa #fea #afc #bfc #cfb #dfb #efb #feb #afd #bfd #cfd #dfc #efc #fec #afe #bfe #cfe #dfe #efd #fed --- --- --- --- --- --- ,these ,figures stand three and three together1 each three represents the three ,hunts2 that is1 the first is the whole ,hunt1 the second ,figure the half ,hunt1 and the third the quarter ,hunt2 for ,example1 the first three are #abc1 the treble is the whole ,hunt1 the second the half ,hunt1 and the third the quarter ,hunt3 ,the next three ,figures are #abd1 there the treble is the whole ,hunt1 the second the half ,hunt1 and the fourth the quarter ,hunt2 and the last three ,figures are #fed1 where the sixth is the whole ,hunt1 the fifth the half ,hunt1 and the fourth the quarter ,hunt1 and so of all the rest4 ,with one whole ,hunt1 half ,hunt1 and quarter ,hunt1 the ,seven-hundred and twenty ,changes are to be ,rang1 or set down twelve several wayes2 for instance1 take the first three ,hunts in these ,figures1 which are #abc1 where the treble is the whole ,hunt1 the second the half ,hunt1 and the third the quarter ,hunt1 which may be hunted six several wayes1 as followeth4 ,treble1 second and third1 all up4 ,treble and second up1 third down4 ,treble up1 second and third down4 ,treble1 second and third1 all down4 ,treble and second down1 third up4 ,treble down1 second and third up4 ,each of these are to be ,rang two wayes1 one is to make the ,extreams between the two farthest ,extream ,bells from the quarter ,hunt1 and the other way is to make the ,extream between the two next ,bells to the quarter ,hunt4 ,by treble1 second and third all up1 is meant1 that the treble is the whole hunt1 and to hunt up the first ,change at the beginning of the ,peal2 the second is the half hunt1 and to half hunt up2 that is1 to move up towards the hindmost ,bells the first time it moves at the beginning of the ,peal2 and the third is the quarter hunt1 and to move likewise toward the hindmost ,bells the first time it removes4 ,and by treble and second up1 and third down1 is meant1 that the treble and second are to move up towards the hindmost ,bell1 the first time each removes at the beginning of the ,peal2 and the third being the quarter hunt1 is to move down the first time1 which are only directions for moving the hunts at first1 because they may be hunted either up or down4 ,sometimes it happens1 that the hunts cannot be hunted that way which is proposed1 as in the #gbj1 treble1 second and third all down4-- #abcdef ,the whole hunt which is the treble1 should now be hunted down2 but it being already before the ,bells1 insomuch that it can be removed no lower2 ,i should therefore remove the half hunt down1 but that being also down as low as it can go1 ,i should move the quarter hunt2 and that being also down before the ,extream ,bells1 ,i can move it no lower1 unless ,i should move it down under the second1 which is the half hunt1 which must not be done2 for when the quarter hunt is down next before the ,extream ,bell1 it must be removed no lower2 and when it is up next behind ,extream ,bell1 it is to be removed up no higher2 therefore it being now before the ,extream ,bell1 the ,extream ,change is to be made the first of all2 and when that is done1 the treble1 second and third must be hunted up in course4 ,or if you make treble and second down1 and third up1 then the first ,change is to be made1 by moving the quarter ,hunt up over one ,bell4 ,and again1 if you make ,treble and ,tenor both up1 and ,third down1 first hunt up the ,treble1 and then the ,tenor1 which is the half ,hunt1 should be moved up2 but it being already behind1 the quarter ,hunt1 which is the ,third1 must move under one ,bell1 and then the whole ,hunt and half are to hunt in course after each other3 ,many ,examples of this ,nature ,i could set down1 which for brevity sake ,i omit4 ,i might demonstrate how the #gbj are to be ,rang twelve wayes1 with each of the ,six-score ,hunts1 as ,i did that of treble1 second and third2 but ,i think that altogether needless1 since that ,example makes it most plain and easie to be understood3 ,but ,i will give a general ,rule for hunting any whole ,hunt1 half ,hunt1 and quarter ,hunt1 so as to produce six several wayes to ,ring the #gbj ,changes1 which is this3 ,whole ,hunt1 half ,hunt1 and quarter ,hunt1 all hunted up4 ,whole ,hunt1 and half ,hunt hunted up1 and quarter ,hunt down4 ,whole ,hunt hunted up1 half ,hunt and quarter ,hunt down4 ,whole ,hunt1 half ,hunt1 and quarter ,hunt hunted down4 ,whole ,hunt and half ,hunt hunted down1 and quarter ,hunt up4 ,whole ,hunt hunted down1 half ,hunt and quarter ,hunt hunted up4 ,which is a general ,rule to ,ring the #gbj six wayes on any one of the ,six-score ,hunts2 each of which six wayes1 may be ,rang two wayes more1 by altering the ,extream ,changes1 one of which is to make the ,extream ,changes between the two next ,extream ,bells to the quarter ,hunt1 and the other way is to make the ,extreams between the two farthest ,extream ,bells from it4 ,the #gbj ,changes are to be ,rang #ab wayes with one whole ,hunt1 half ,hunt1 and quarter ,hunt2 so that with the ,six-score ,hunts1 it is to be ,rang ,six-score times twelve wayes1 which makes ,one thousand four hundred and forty several wayes to ,ring this #gbj plain ,changes4 ,in the #gbj1 the half ,hunt1 the quarter ,hunt1 and the three ,extream ,bells1 makes the ,six-score ,changes on #e ,bells in a perfect course1 the half ,hunt and quarter hunt in the #gbj1 being the whole ,hunt and half ,hunt in the ,six-score2 for ,example1 take the #bcdef1 and set down the ,six-score ,changes on them1 making the second the whole hunt1 and the third the half hunt2 which when you have set down1 then take the ,treble1 and hunt it through every ,change of that ,six-score1 and it will make #gbj ,changes1 the same with those which ,i have set down before1 ,the ,twenty-four ,changes on four ,bells1 and the six changes on three ,bells1 have also a perfect course in the #gbj1 in the same manner as ,i told you they had in the ,six-scores on five ,bells4 ,there is always one change in the ,six-score made every time the whole hunt comes before or behind the bells1 which is every sixth change2 and there's one change of the ,twenty-four made1 every time the whole hunt and half hunt comes before or behind the bells1 which is once in thirty changes2 and one change of the six made every extream1 that is once in six-score changes4 ,you may take the six-score changes on five bells1 treble the whole1 and second the half hunt1 before set down2 and hunt the sixth bell through every change of that six score1 which will make the #gbj changes2 ,tenor the whole hunt1 ,treble the half hunt1 and ,second the quarter hunt4 ,this is not material for a ,learner to know1 it being only for the instructions of those that know how to ,ring it1 but yet are ignorant of the true grounds thereof2 therefore ,i have dissected it1 and shewed the grounds of each part of it4 ,in this place1 ,i will add a word or two to those that practise to ,ring the ,changes4 ,they that ,ring the extream bells in the ,twenty-four changes1 must mind and observe the motion of the hunt1 that they may the better know when to make the extream changes2 and likewise in a six-score on five bells1 he that ,rings the half hunt1 must observe the motion of the whole hunt2 and they that ,ring the extream bells1 must observe the motions both of the whole hunt1 and half hunt1 that they may know when the half hunt is to move1 and also when to make the extream changes2 or else he that does ,ring the half hunt1 may give notice of the extream changes 7by saying ,extream7 the change next before the extream is to be made4 ,the same is to be observed in the changes on six bells4 ,the whole hunt is the easiest bell to ,ring in any changes1 the half hunt is more plain and easie to ,ring1 than an extream bell4 ,all changes are to be ,rang either by walking them 7as the term is7 or else ,whole-pulls1 or ,half-pulls4 ,by walking them1 is meant1 that the bells go round1 four1 six1 eight times1 or more1 in one change1 which is commonly used by young ,practisers2 it may be sometimes on five bells1 ,ringing the ,twenty-four changes on the treble1 second1 third1 and fourth1 the fifth bell striking behind every change2 and many other changes of the like nature may be practised this way by young ,ringers4 ,whole-pulls1 is to ,ring two ,rounds in one change1 that is1 ,fore-stroke and ,back-stroke1 and in a change2 so that every time you pull down the bells at ,sally1 you make a new change differing from that at the ,back-stroke next before2 this ,whole-pulls was altogether practised in former time1 but of late there is a more quick and ready way practised1 called ,half-pulls1 which is--only one round in a change1 that is1 one change made at the ,fore-stroke1 and another at the ,back-stroke1 which way is now altogether in use 7unless it be at some great bells1 which are too weighty to be managed up so high a ,compass at the ,back-stroke1 as ,half-pulls requires7 it being now a common thing in ,london to ,ring the #gbj ,changes1 ,trebles and ,doubles1 and ,grandsire ,bob1 ,half-pulls1 7which is commonly ,rang with so round and quick a ,compass1 that in the space of half an hour1 or little more1 the #gbj ,changes are ,rang out from the beginning to the end47 ,and also the ,six-scores ,doubles and ,singles1 ,old ,doubles1 ,grandsire1 and many other cross ,peals on five bells1 are commonly ,rang ,half-pulls4 ,in ,ringing ,half-pulls some ,peals do cut ,compass1 that is--the whole hunt comes to lead at the ,back-stroke1 to remedy which1 make the first change of the ,peal at the ,back-stroke4 ,by these following ,rules1 you shall know what ,peals do cut ,compass1 and what not 7i4e47 of plain and single changes4 ,on six ,bells1 ,in hunting either the treble1 the third1 or the fifth bells down1 cuts ,compass2 hunting them up1 does not cut ,compass4 ,in hunting the second1 fourth1 or sixth bells up1 cuts ,compass2 but hunting them down1 does not cut ,compass4 ,these ,rules 7leaving out the ,tenor7 serves for five bells2 and leaving out the fifth and ,tenor1 they serve for four bells4 ,the ,twelve score ,,long ,,hunts3 ,or the ,,esquire',s ,twelve-score4 ,this ,peal is to be ,rang on six bells1 having two whole hunts1 and one half hunt2 the common way of ,ringing1 it is to make the fifth and ,tenor the whole hunts1 and the ,treble the half hunt4 ,the ,tenor and fifth does each hunt down by turns1 and when either of them comes down before the bells1 it leads twice1 and then hunts up again4 ,the ,treble1 second1 third1 and fourth1 makes the ,twenty-four changes1 one of which is made every time either of the whole hunts leads3 ,for instance1 the ,tenor is first to be hunted down1 thus4-- #abcdef #abcdfe #abcfde #abfcde #afbcde #fabcde ,the tenor being hunted down1 and lying before the bells1 there is one change in the ,twenty-four now to be made between treble and second1 thus4-- #fbacde ,the tenor is to be hunted up into its place1 and the fifth hunts down4-- #bfacde #bafcde #bacfde #bacdfe #bacdef #bacedf #baecdf #beacdf #ebacdf ,the fifth being now before the bells1 there is another change in the ,twenty-four to be made between the treble and third1 as in this change4-- #ebcadf ,the fifth is now to hunt up1 and the tenor to hunt down again1 in which course they continue to the end of the ,peal1 observing to make an extream change1 when the treble 7which is the hunt in the ,twenty-four7 comes before or behind the extream bells4 #becadf #bceadf #bcaedf #bcadef #bcadfe #bcafde ,this ,peal may be ,rang by making the ,twenty-four changes ,doubles and ,singles1 in the place of the ,twenty-four plain ,changes1 and many other wayes1 which ,i leave to the ,learner to practise4 ,the ,variety of ,changes on any ,number of ,bells4 ,the changes on bells do multiply infinitely4 ,on two bells there are two changes4 ,on three bells are three times as many changes as there are on two2 that is--three times two changes1 which makes six4 ,on four bells there are four times as many changes as on three2 that is--four times six changes1 which makes ,twenty-four4 ,on five bells there are five times as many changes as there are on four bells2 that is--five times ,twenty-four changes1 which makes ,six-score4 ,on six bells are six times as many changes as there are on five2 that is--six times ,six-score changes1 which makes ,seven-hundred and twenty3 ,and in the same manner1 by increasing the number of bells1 they multiply innumerably1 as in the ,table of ,figures next following2 where each of the ,figures in the ,column of the left hand1 standing directly under one another 7which are #a4b4c4d4e4f4g4h4i4aj4aa4ab47 do represent the number of bells2 and the ,figures going along towards the right hand1 directly from each of those twelve ,figures1 are the number of changes to be rung on that number of bells which the ,figure represents3 ,for ,example1 the uppermost ,figure on the left hand is #b1 which stands for two bells2 and the ,figure next to it on the right hand is also #b1 which stands for two changes2 that is to say1 on two bells there are two changes4 ,the next ,figure below in the left ,column is #c1 which stands for three ,bells2 and the ,figure next to it on the right hand is #f1 which stands for six changes2 that is--on three bells are six changes1 and so of the rest as follows4 bells changes #b #b #c #f #d #bd #e #abj #f #gbj #g #ejdj #h #djcbj #i #cfbhhj #aj #cfbhhjj #aa #ciiafhjj #ab #dgijjafjj ,the lowest of these figures are #dgijjafjj1 that is1 ,four hundred seventy nine ,millions1 one thousand six hundred1 which are all the changes that can be made on twelve bells3 ,and supposing that twelve men should take #ab bells with intent to ring the changes on them1 they would be ,seventy five ,years1 ten ,months1 one ,week and three ,dayes in ringing them1 according to the proportion of ringing #gbj changes in an hour2 reckoning #bd hours to the day1 and #cfe dayes in the ,year4 ,having given ,directions for all sorts of plain and single ,changes1 ,i will now proceed to ,cross-peals1 and first to ,doubles and ,singles on four ,bells4 ,doubles ,and ,singles on four ,bells4 ,on four bells there are #bd changes to be made ,doubles and ,singles1 wherein are twelve double changes1 and #ab single2 next to every double change1 there is a single2 so that #b double changes do not come together in any place throughout the ,peal1 neither does two single changes at any time come together2 but one change is double1 and the next is single1 to the end of the ,peal4 ,every double change is made between the four bells2 that is--there are two changes made at one time1 between the bells in treble and seconds places1 and the bells in third and fourths places4 ,every single change is made between the two bells in the middle 7i4e47 in seconds and thirds places2 excepting the extream changes1 which are single1 and made between the two farthest extream bells from the ,hunt4 ,an ,example ,i here set down1 making the treble the ,hunt1 and ,i hunt it up at the beginning of the ,peal 7for it may be hunted either up or down at pleasure7 and ,i make an extream change every time the whole ,hunt comes before the bells4 ,in ringing it1 'tis observed1 that every bell hunts in course1 and lies twice before1 and twice behind1 except only when the extream is to be made1 and then the two farthest extream bells from the ,hunt1 does make a dodge1 and then moves in their former course1 as in these changes4-- #abcd #badc #bdac #dbca #dcba #cdab #cadb #acbd ,now the hunt is before the bells1 there is an extream change made between the two farthest bells from it1 which are the #b and #d1 thus4-- #acdb ,the extream change being made1 the bells are to move1 as before1 observing to make an extream change every time the whole hunt comes before the bells4 #cabd #cbad #bcda #bdca #dbac #dabc #adcb #adbc #dacb #dcab #cdba #cbda #bcad #bacd #abdc #abcd ,in this last ,twenty-four1 the treble is hunted up at the beginning2 it may be rang by hunting it down1 which is to be down1 by making the first a single change1 and then hunt it up as before4 ,with one hunt this ,peal may be rang six wayes 7viz47 three wayes in hunting it up at the beginning of each ,peal1 and the other three wayes by hunting it down2 the three wayes in hunting it up1 differs only in making the extream changes2 in one of the three wayes you must make an extream change every time the hunt comes before the bells to lead1 as in the ,twenty-four changes before set down4 ,another way is to make an extream every time the hunt comes behind4 ,and the third way1 is to make an extream every time the hunt comes before and behind the bells4 ,the three wayes in hunting it down1 are to be rang by making the extream changes1 as in the three wayes before2 in hunting one bell1 there are six wayes to ring this ,peal2 therefore with the four bells 7in making each of them to hunt7 there are four times six wayes to ring it1 which makes ,twenty-four several wayes4 ,and for the benefit of the ,learner1 ,i have set down certain ,rules1 shewing how to begin any of the aforesaid ,peals 7viz47 ,in hunting either the treble or third up1 the first change is double2 but in hunting either of them down1 the first is single4 ,in hunting the second or the fourth up1 the first change is single2 but in hunting either of them down1 the first change in each ,peal must be double4 ,doubles and ,singles on five ,bells4 ,there is a ,peal to be rang on five bells1 called ,doubles and ,singles1 wherein are ,six-score several changes1 sixty of which are double changes1 and sixty are single2 the double and single changes are so intermixt1 that two double changes does not at any time come together in the ,six-score2 neither are two single changes made next to each other in any part of this ,peal1 but one change is double1 and the next single1 in which course they are made to the end4 ,every double change is made between the four foremost bells 7i4e47 in treble1 second1 third1 and fourth places4 ,when the whole hunt is hunting up1 each single change is made between the whole hunt1 and the next bell above it4 ,in hunting down the single changes are made between the whole hunt1 and the next bell below it1 the whole hunt being alwayes one of the two bells which makes every single change1 except only when it leads1 and then the single change is made in third and fourths places2 but the extream is also a single change1 and made 7when the whole hunt leads7 between the two farthest extream bells from the half hunt2 the half hunt is to lie either before or behind the extream bells1 when the extream changes are made1 of which ,i shall shew you more anon4 ,in this ,peal there is a whole hunt1 a half hunt1 and three extream ,bells2 the whole hunt in a direct course does hunt up and down1 and lies twice before1 and twice behind all the way2 every other bell leads twice together throughout the ,peal4 ,and when the whole hunt leaves the thirds place1 hunting up1 then every bell that comes into second and thirds places1 does lie in each of those places twice together1 until the whole hunt comes down again into thirds place1 at which time the bell in fourths place lies there twice1 and then makes a dodge with the bell in thirds place 7unless an extream change is to be made7 and so removes directly down before the bells4 ,and that bell which comes into the tenors place 7when the whole hunt leaves that place hunting down7 lies still there1 until the whole hunt removes up into that place again1 except only when the extream is made behind1 and then the bell in fourths place moves into tenors place1 and lies there until the whole hunt moves up into that place4 ,with one whole hunt1 and half hunt1 this ,peal may be rang six wayes1 in three of which the whole hunt is to be hunted up at the beginning of each ,peal1 which three wayes differs only in making the extream changes4 ,one way1 is to make an extream change every time the half hunt comes before the extream bells1 as in the following ,six-score4 ,the second way1 is to make an extream change every time the half hunt comes behind the extream bells4 ,and the third way1 is to make an extream every time1 the half hunt comes before and behind the extream bells4 ,in this last way there are six extreams in each ,peal1 but in the other two ways there are but three extreams in each ,peal4 ,the three wayes aforesaid1 are to be rang1 by hunting up the whole hunt2 but it may be rang three wayes more1 in hunting down the same whole hunt1 in which three ways the extreams are to be made1 as ,i shewed you before4 ,the whole hunt is alwayes to lead when every extream change is made4 ,this ,peal ,i have set down at large1 making the treble the whole hunt1 the second the half hunt2 and an extream change every time the half hunt comes before the extream bells1 as in the following changes4 ,i have drawn a ,line between the figures at the extream changes1 that next below the ,line is the extream4 #abcde #badce #bdace #dbcae #dbcea #bdeca #bdeac #dbaec #dabec #adebc #adbec #daebc #deabc #edbac #edbca #decba #decab #edacb #eadcb #aecdb #aedcb #eacdb #ecadb #cedab #cedba #ecbda #ecbad #ceabd #caebd #acbed #acebd #cabed #cbaed #bcead #bceda #cbdea #cbdae #bcade #bacde #abdce ----- #abdec #baedc #beadc #ebdac #ebdca #becda #becad #ebacd #eabcd #aecbd #aebcd #eacbd #ecabd #cebad #cebda #ecdba #ecdab #ceadb #caedb #acdeb #acedb #cadeb #cdaeb #dceab #dceba #cdbea #cdbae #dcabe #dacbe #adbce #adcbe #dabce #dbace #bdcae #bdcea #dbeca #dbeac #bdaec #badec #abedc ----- #abecd #baced #bcaed #cbead #cbeda #bcdea #bcdae #cbade #cabde #acdbe #acbde #cadbe #cdabe #dcbae #dcbea #cdeba #cdeab #dcaeb #daceb #adecb #adceb #daecb #deacb #edcab #edcba #debca #debac #edabc #eadbc #aebdc #aedbc #eabdc #ebadc #bedac #bedca #ebcda #ebcad #beacd #baecd #abced ----- #abcde ,this ,peal may be rang ,six-score several wayes2 there being twenty hunts on five bells 7that is--a whole hunt1 and half hunt twenty times on five bells1 and not one and the same whole hunt and half hunt twice1 as ,i shewed more at large in the plain changes on five bells before set down7 and with each hunt1 that is1 with one whole hunt and half hunt1 it may be rang six wayes2 so that multiply twenty1 7which are the number of hunts7 by six1 7which are the number of ,peals to be rung on each hunt7 and it will produce ,six-score several wayes to ring it4 ,it may be prick't1 or rang ,six-score several wayes more1 by making the extream changes when the whole hunt lies behind the bells1 but those wayes are never practised2 neither do ,i think it material to say any thing more of them in this place1 having only inserted this1 to shew the great variety there is in this ,peal4 ,it being somewhat difficult to know the true way of beginning each ,peal1 ,i have therefore set down certain ,rules1 shewing how the first changes in each are to be made4 ,in hunting the treble1 the third1 or the fifth bells up1 the first change in each ,peal is to be made double4 ,in hunting the treble down1 the first change is single in third and fourths places1 unless the half hunt lies so1 as that the extream is to be made4 ,in hunting the third or fifth down1 the first change is to be made single1 between the whole hunt1 and the next bell below it4 ,in hunting up the second or fourth1 the first change in each ,peal is single1 between the whole hunt1 and the next bell above it4 ,in hunting down the second or fourth1 the first change is to be made double4 ,every double change in all the ,peals of ,doubles and ,singles1 is made between the four foremost bells2 that is--in treble1 second1 third and fourths places4 ,tendring's ,six-score on five ,bells4 ,in this ,peal are contained ,six-score changes1 which are ,doubles and ,singles1 there being sixty double changes in it1 and sixty single1 which are so intermixt1 that two double changes does not come together in any part of the ,peal2 neither are there #b single changes at any time made together1 but one change is double1 and the next to it is single2 in which course the changes are all made to the end of the ,peal4 ,every single change is made between the #b hindmost bells4 ,there is a whole hunt and half hunt in it4 ,the observation in ringing it1 is this3 ,when the whole hunt lies before the bells1 and is to hunt up1 first it moves up into seconds place1 where it lies twice2 then into thirds place1 where it lies also twice2 then into the fourths place1 where it lies once2 and in the tenors place once3 ,then it makes a dodge with the bell in fourths place1 after which it lies twice behind2 then it moves down into fourths place1 and makes a dodge with the bell in tenors place1 and then moves down into thirds place1 where it lies twice1 and in the seconds place twice1 and then it leads four times2 after which1 it hunts again1 as before4 ,the course of the other four bells are exactly the same with that of the whole hunt1 in moving up and down1 except only when the ,bob changes are made1 and then they differ2 but after the ,bobs are made1 their course is the same as before2 every bell lies four times together before the bells1 and twice in the seconds place without any alteration4 ,in this ,peal are two sorts of ,bobs2 one of which is called a double ,bob1 and the other a single ,bob4 ,the ,rule for making the double ,bob is this1 when the whole hunt is hunting down1 and lies in the seconds place1 and the half hunt lies behind1 then there's a double ,bob2 that is1 two ,bob-changes2 one of which is made the next change1 wherein the whole hunt moves down to lead2 where having led four times1 there is then another ,bob-change to be made1 in which the whole hunt moves up into the seconds place4 ,the ,rule for making the single ,bob1 is this1 when the whole hunt has led four times1 and the half hunt lies in thirds place2 then the next change following is a single ,bob1 that is--one ,bob-change1 in which the whole hunt moves out of the trebles place up into the seconds place1 every ,bob is a double change1 and made between the two first1 and two last bells1 the bell in thirds place lying still when each ,bob is made1 where it lies four times together1 and then moves down2 every time the whole hunt comes before the bells1 there is either a single ,bob1 or a double ,bob made4 ,at every double ,bob1 those two bells that do dodge behind at the first ,bob-change1 continues dodging until the whole hunt moves up1 and parts them3 ,and likewise at the single ,bob1 those #b bells which do dodge behind at the ,bob-change1 continue dodging until the whole hunt moves up1 and parts them1 as in the following changes1 where the treble is the whole hunt1 the tenor the half hunt1 and the first is a ,bob-change1 being supposed to be the second ,bob-change of a double ,bob4 #abcde #baced #bacde #bcaed #bcade #cbdae #cbdea #cdbae #cdbea #dceba #dceab #decba #decab #edacb #edabc #eadcb #eadbc #aebdc #aebcd #abedc #abecd #baedc #baecd #beadc #beacd #ebcad #ebcda #ecbad #ecbda #cedba #cedab #cdeba #cdeab #dcaeb #dcabe #daceb #dacbe #adceb #adcbe #acdeb #acdbe #cadeb #cadbe #cdaeb #cdabe #dcbae #dcbea #dbcae #dbcea #bdeca #bdeac #bedca #bedac #ebadc #ebacd #eabdc #eabcd #aecbd #aecdb #acebd #acedb #caebd #caedb #ceabd #ceadb #ecdab #ecdba #edcab #edcba #debca #debac #dbeca #dbeac #bdaec #bdace #badec #badce #abdec #abdce #adbec #adbce #dabec #dabce #dbaec #dbace #bdcae #bdcea #bcdae #bcdea #cbeda #cbead #cebda #cebad #ecabd #ecadb #eacbd #eacdb #aedcb #aedbc #adecb #adebc #daecb #daebc #deacb #deabc #edbac #edbca #ebdac #ebdca #becda #becad #bceda #bcead #cbaed #cbade #cabed #cabde #acbed #acbde #abced #abcde ,this ,peal was made out of ,grandsire on five bells1 the ,bob-changes in this1 being the same with those in ,grandsire1 and made by the same ,rule4 ,paradox on five ,bells4 ,this ,peal of ,paradox is to be rang on five bells1 wherein are ,six-score changes1 they are ,doubles and ,singles2 that is--one change double1 and another single2 in which course they are made to the end of the ,peal4 ,every single change is made in second and thirds places1 except only when the whole ,hunt leads1 and then 'tis made in third and fourths places2 but the extream ,changes are 7also single7 and made between the two farthest extream bells from the half ,hunt2 the whole ,hunt lies before the bells1 when every extream change is made4 ,every bell lies four times together before1 and four times behind1 except only when the extream changes are made behind4 ,there is a whole ,hunt1 a half ,hunt1 and three extream bells2 the course of the whole ,hunt is this1 it being before the bells1 first it moves up into the second and thirds places1 then it makes a dodge with the bell in seconds place1 and moves out of the thirds place up into fourths1 where it lies alwayes twice1 then moves up behind1 where it lies four times1 and then moves down into fourths place1 where having lay twice1 it hunts down into seconds place1 and makes a dodge with the bell in thirds place1 and then moves down before the bells1 where having lay twice1 it hunts as before2 each of the other bells has the same course 7in hunting up and down7 as the whole ,hunt until the whole ,hunt leads1 at which time every bell that comes into seconds place lies there twice together1 unless the extream change is to be made in second and thirds places4 ,in this following ,peal the treble is the whole ,hunt1 and the second the half ,hunt2 the extream changes are made1 when the half ,hunt lies before the extream bells4 #abcde #badce #bdace #badec #bdaec #dbeac #debac #dbeca #debca #edcba #ecdba #edcab #ecdab #ceadb #caedb #ceabd #caebd #acbed #acebd #aecdb #aedcb #eacdb #ecadb #eacbd #ecabd #cebad #cbead #cebda #cbeda #bcdea #bdcea #bcdae #bdcae #dbace #dabce #dbaec #dabec #adebc #adbec #abdce ----- #abdec #baedc #beadc #baecd #beacd #ebcad #ecbad #ebcda #ecbda #cedba #cdeba #cedab #cdeab #dcaeb #daceb #dcabe #dacbe #adbce #adcbe #acdeb #acedb #cadeb #cdaeb #cadbe #cdabe #dcbae #dbcae #dcbea #dbcea #bdeca #bedca #bdeac #bedac #ebadc #eabdc #ebacd #eabcd #aecbd #aebcd #abedc ----- #abecd #baced #bcaed #bacde #bcade #cbdae #cdbae #cbdea #cdbea #dceba #decba #dceab #decab #edacb #eadcb #edabc #eadbc #aebdc #aedbc #adecb #adceb #daecb #deacb #daebc #deabc #edbac #ebdac #edbca #ebdca #becda #bceda #becad #bcead #cbaed #cabed #cbade #cabde #acdbe #acbde #abced ----- #abcde ,i have drawn a ,line between the ,figures at the extream changes1 that next below each ,line is the extream2 the first extream is ,forty changes from the beginning4 ,this ,peal is grounded on the ,twenty-four changes ,doubles and ,singles on four bells4 ,the half ,hunt1 and three extream bells in this ,peal1 makes the ,twenty four changes in a perfect course4 ,there are four changes made in the ,twenty-four every time the whole ,hunt leads1 which coming before the bells six times in the ,six-score1 and each time lying there four times together1 makes six times four changes1 which is ,twenty four4 ',tis easily made out1 if you take every change that is made when the whole ,hunt is before the bells in the ,six-score before1 and set the changes down by themselves 7leaving out the treble7 where you will find1 that the second1 third1 fourth and fifth1 make the ,twenty-four changes ,doubles and ,singles1 in a perfect course2 second is the ,hunt1 and the extreams are made when the ,hunt is before4 ,paradox may be rang ,six-score several wayes4 ,with one whole ,hunt1 and half ,hunt1 it may be rang six wayes1 in three of which the whole ,hunt is to be hunted up2 and in the other three wayes it is to be hunted down1 in which six wayes the extream changes are to be made by the same ,rules1 and in the same manner1 as ,i shewed before in the ,six-score ,doubles and ,singles on five bells2 so that with the twenty ,hunts1 it may be prick't or rang twenty times six wayes1 which makes ,six-score4 ,this ,peal may be prick't ,six-score wayes more1 by making the extreams when the whole ,hunt lies behind the bells1 but that being never practised1 ,i will say no more of it4 ,i have here set down some general ,rules for beginning the several ,peals of ,paradox by the former course 7i4e47 in making the extreams when the whole ,hunt is before the bells4 ,in hunting the treble up1 the first change is double between the four first bells1 thus4-- #abcde #badce ,in hunting the treble down1 the first change is single in third and fourths places 7thus4--#abcde #abdce7 unless the half ,hunt lies so1 that the extreams may be made4 ,second up1 the first change is single in second and thirds places1 thus4-- #abcde #acbde ,second down1 the first change is double between the four first bells4 ,third up1 the first change is double between the four first bells4 ,third down1 the first change is single in second and thirds places4 ,fourth up1 the first change is double between the four hindmost bells1 thus4-- #abcde #acbed ,fourth down1 the first change is double between the four first bells4 ,fifth up1 the first change is single in second and thirds places4 ,fifth down1 the first change is double between the four hindmost bells4 ,if you observe these ,rules aright1 together with my former directions1 you may with much ease prick down any ,peal of ,paradox4 ,,phoenix4 ,on five ,bells4 ,this ,peal has ,six score changes in it1 which are ,doubles and ,singles2 the tenor is the whole ,hunt1 and the fourth the half ,hunt4 ,every bell lies twice before1 and four times behind2 every single change is made in second and thirds places1 and every bell that comes into fourths place1 lies there twice together1 until the tenor comes behind2 at which time1 the fourth lying in the seconds place1 the next single change is made in third and fourths places2 but the tenor lying behind1 and the fourth in thirds place1 then the two next following single changes are in third and fourths places4 #abcde #baced #bcaed #cbead #cebad #ecbda #ebcda #bedca #bdeca #dbeac #debac #edabc #eadbc #aedcb #adecb #daceb #dcaeb #cdabe #cdbae #dcabe #dacbe #adceb #acdeb #caedb #ceadb #ecabd #eacbd #aebcd #abecd #baedc #beadc #ebdac #edbac #debca #dbeca #bdcea #bcdea #cbdae #cbade #bcdae #bcade #cbaed #cabed #acebd #aecbd #eacdb #ecadb #cedab #cdeab #dceba #decba #edbca #ebdca #bedac #bdeac #dbaec #dabec #adbce #adcbe #dabce #dbace #bdaec #badec #abedc #aebdc #eabcd #ebacd #becad #bcead #cbeda #cebda #ecdba #edcba #decab #dceab #cdaeb #cadeb #acdbe #acbde #cadbe #cabde #acbed #abced #baecd #beacd #ebadc #eabdc #aedbc #adebc #daecb #deacb #edcab #ecdab #cedba #cdeba #dcbea #dbcea #bdcae #bdace #dbcae #dcbae #cdbea #cbdea #bceda #becda #ebcad #ecbad #ceabd #caebd #acedb #aecdb #eadcb #edacb #deabc #daebc #adbec #abdec #badce #bacde #abdce #abcde ,london ,pleasure on five ,bells4 ,in this ,peal called ,london ,pleasure1 are ,six-score changes1 which are all single4 ,it being a confused ,peal to ring1 ,i shall say nothing more of it1 but expose it to view1 as in the following changes4 #abcde #bacde #baced #abced #abecd #baecd #beacd #becad #bcead #bcaed #bcade #bcdae #bcdea #bceda #becda #ebcda #ebcad #ebacd #eabcd #aebcd #aebdc #eabdc #ebadc #beadc #baedc #abedc #abdec #badec #bdaec #bdeac #bedac #ebdac #ebdca #bedca #bdeca #bdcea #bdcae #bdace #badce #abdce #adbce #dabce #dabec #adbec #adebc #daebc #deabc #debac #dbeac #dbaec #dbace #dbcae #dbcea #dbeca #debca #edbca #edbac #edabc #eadbc #aedbc ----- #aedcb ----- #eadcb #edacb #deacb #daecb #adecb #adceb #daceb #dcaeb #dceab #decab #edcab #edcba #decba #dceba #dcbea #dcbae #dcabe #dacbe #adcbe #acdbe #cadbe #cadeb #acdeb #acedb #caedb #ceadb #cedab #cdeab #cdaeb #cdabe #cdbae #cdbea #cdeba #cedba #ecdba #ecdab #ecadb #eacdb #aecdb #aecbd #eacbd #ecabd #ceabd #caebd #acebd #acbed #cabed #cbaed #cbead #cebad #ecbad #ecbda #cebda #cbeda #cbdea #cbdae #cbade #cabde #acbde ----- #abcde ,what you please4 ,doubles and ,singles on #e ,bells4 ,every bell leads four times1 and lies behind twice1 except when the extream is made behind1 and twice in the seconds place1 except when the extream is before2 and note1 when the treble is before the fourth stroke1 the single is in second and third1 the next time the single is behind2 but at other times1 the single is in third and fourths places4 ,when any bell leaves leading1 the double change is on the two first1 and two last1 and the extreams are made by turns1 first behind1 then before1 and so on to the end1 for there are six extreams4 #abcde #baced #baecd #beadc #bedac #ebdca #ebcda #ecbad #ecabd #ceadb #cedab #cdeba #cdbea #dcbae #dcabe #daceb #daecb #adebc #adbec #abdce ----- #abdec #badce #bacde #bcaed #bcead #cbeda #cbdea #cdbae #cdabe #dcaeb #dceab #decba #debca #edbac #edabc #eadcb #eacdb #aecbd #aebcd #abedc ----- #aebdc #eabcd #eacbd #ecadb #ecdab #cedba #cebda #cbead #cbaed #bcade #bcdae #bdcea #bdeca #dbeac #dbaec #dabce #dacbe #adceb #adecb #aedbc ----- #aedcb #eadbc #eabdc #ebacd #ebcad #becda #bedca #bdeac #bdaec #dbace #dbcae #dcbea #dceba #cdeab #cdaeb #cadbe #cabde #acbed #acebd #aecdb ----- #acedb #caebd #cabed #cbade #cbdae #bcdea #bceda #becad #beacd #ebadc #ebdac #edbca #edcba #decab #deacb #daebc #dabec #adbce #adcbe #acdeb ----- #acdbe #cadeb #caedb #ceabd #cebad #ecbda #ecdba #edcab #edacb #deabc #debac #dbeca #dbcea #bdcae #bdace #badec #baedc #abecd #abced #acbde ----- #abcde ,reading ,doubles4 ,on five ,bells4 ,in this ,peal are ,six-score changes1 the treble is a ,hunt2 and note when treble is in thirds place hunting up1 the two foremost bells dodge until it comes into the same place hunting downwards2 and alwayes when the treble is going to lead1 the four first bells makes the double change1 if the third be behind2 but if it be before1 the double is on the two first and two last2 every bell lieth twice behind1 except when the treble goes to lead1 if the third be before2 and note1 when it is #a1 #c1 #b1 there is a single in second and thirds places1 which is twice1 once at the ,three-score end1 and ,six-score end4 #abcde #badce #bdaec #dbeac #bdeca #dbcea #bdcae #dbace #dabec #adebc #aedcb #eacdb #ecabd #cebad #ecbda #cedba #ecdab #ceadb #caebd #acedb #aecbd #eabcd #ebadc #bedac #ebdca #becda #ebcad #beacd #baedc #abdec #adbce #dacbe #dcaeb #cdeab #dceba #cdbea #dcbae #cdabe #cadeb #acdbe #adceb #daecb #deabc #edbac #debca #edcba #decab #edacb #eadbc #aebdc #abecd #baced #bcade #cbdae #bcdea #cbeda #bcead #cbaed #cabde #acbed #abced #baecd #beadc #ebdac #bedca #ebcda #becad #ebacd #eabdc #aedbc #adecb #daceb #dcabe #cdbae #dcbea #cdeba #dceab #cdaeb #cadbe #acdeb #adcbe #dabce #dbaec #bdeac #dbeca #bdcea #dbcae #bdace #badec #abedc #aebcd #eacbd #ecadb #cedab #ecdba #cebda #ecbad #ceabd #caedb #acebd #aecdb #eadcb #edabc #debac #edbca #decba #edcab #deacb #daebc #adbec #abdce #bacde #bcaed #cbead #bceda #cbdea #bcdae #cbade #cabed #acbde #abcde ,old ,doubles4 ,on five ,bells4 ,this ,peal call'd ,old ,doubles1 is to be rang on five bells1 wherein are ,six-score changes1 which are all ,doubles1 except only when the whole ,hunt leads1 and then there is always a single change made4 ,it has a whole ,hunt1 a half ,hunt1 and three extream bells2 every bell leads twice together all the way1 and lies twice behind1 except only when the whole ,hunt leads1 and then the bell behind lies there four times together1 unless the extream is made behind1 and then but twice4 ,every bell hunts in a perfect course1 until the whole ,hunt leads1 and then the single is to be made1 at which time the bell in seconds place lies there twice 7unless the extream is made in second and thirds place7 and every single change is made in third and fourths places1 except the extreams which are 7in this ,peal7 made by the same rule and after the same manner1 as ,i shewed before in the ,six-score call'd ,doubles and ,singles on five bells4 ,in making the single changes in third and fourths places1 it is observed1 that the bell which lies in fourths place 7the change next before the single7 is hunting up2 and in making the single change1 it does dodge with the bell in thirds place1 and so hunts up behind2 and likewise the bell that lies in thirds place 7in the change next before the single7 is hunting down1 and in making the single it does dodge with the bell in fourths place1 and then hunts directly down4 ,in this following ,peal1 the treble is the whole ,hunt1 the second the half ,hunt1 and an extream change is alwayes made1 when the half ,hunt lies before the extream bells next to the whole ,hunt2 every extream is made between the two farthest extream bells from the half ,hunt1 as in the following changes4 #abcde #badce #bdaec #dbeac #debca #edcba #ecdab #ceadb #caebd #acbed #acebd #cabed #cbade #bcdae #bdcea #dbeca #debac #edabc #eadcb #aecdb #aedcb #eacdb #ecabd #cebad #cbeda #bcdea #bdcae #dbace #dabec #adebc #adbec #daebc #deacb #edcab #ecdba #cebda #cbead #bcaed #bacde #abdce #abdec #baedc #beacd #ebcad #ecbda #cedba #cdeab #dcaeb #dacbe #adbce #adcbe #dabce #dbaec #bdeac #bedca #ebcda #ecbad #ceabd #caedb #acdeb #acedb #cadeb #cdabe #dcbae #dbcea #bdeca #bedac #ebadc #eabcd #aecbd #aebcd #eacbd #ecadb #cedab #cdeba #dcbea #dbcae #bdace #badec #abedc #abecd #baced #bcade #cbdae #cdbea #dceba #decab #edacb #eadbc #aebdc #aedbc #eabdc #ebacd #becad #bceda #cbdea #cdbae #dcabe #daceb #adecb #adceb #daecb #deabc #edbac #ebdca #becda #bcead #cbaed #cabde #acdbe #acbde #cadbe #cdaeb #dceab #decba #edbca #ebdac #beadc #baecd #abced #abcde ,this ,peal of ,old ,doubles1 is grounded on the ,twenty-four changes ,doubles and ,singles on four bells1 which are made in a perfect course herein2 every time the whole ,hunt leads1 there are two changes made in the ,twenty-four2 the half ,hunt1 and three extream bells1 makes the ,twenty-four changes1 and every single change in this ,peal1 is a single change in the ,twenty-four4 ,this ,peal may be rang ,six-score several wayes2 with one whole ,hunt1 and half ,hunt1 it is to be rang six wayes 7i4e47 three wayes in hunting up the whole ,hunt at the beginning of the ,peal1 and the other wayes in hunting it down2 in which six wayes1 the ,extream ,changes are to be made by the same rule1 and in the same manner1 as those in the ,six-score ,doubles and ,singles on five ,bells1 and ,paradox before set down2 so that with the twenty ,hunts1 it may be rang twenty times six wayes1 which makes ,six-score4 ,in these ,six-score wayes1 the whole ,hunt is before the ,bells when every single ,change is made2 but it may be rang ,six-score several wayes more1 by making the single ,changes when the whole ,hunt lies behind them1 which being never practised1 ,i will say no more of it4 ,for the convenience and benefit of the ,practitioner1 ,i have set down certain rules1 shewing how to begin each ,peal of ,old ,doubles 7with any ,hunt7 by the former course 7i4e47 in making the single ,changes1 when the whole ,hunt lies before the ,bells1 these ,rules serving only for moving the whole ,hunt at the beginning of each ,peal1 for it may be hunted either up or down4 ,in hunting either the treble1 third1 or fifth ,bells up1 the first change is made between the four foremost ,bells1 thus4-- #abcde #badce --,the treble down1 the first change is single in third and fourths places1 unless the half ,hunt lies so1 as that the ,extream is to be made4 --,the third or fifth down1 the first change is between the four hindmost ,bells1 thus4-- #abcde #acbed --,the second or fourth up1 the first change is between the four hindmost ,bells4 --,the second or fourth down1 the first change between the four foremost ,bells4 ,in ringing any of these ,peals1 where the first change is made between the four hindmost ,bells1 it must be made at the ,back-stroke1 otherwise the ,bells will cut ,compass all the way2 every double change is made either between the four foremost1 or four hindmost bells4 ,new ,doubles4 ,on five ,bells4 ,in this ,peal of ,new ,doubles1 there are ,six-score ,changes1 which are all double1 except only when the whole ,hunt leads1 and then there is alwayes a single ,change made2 it has a whole ,hunt1 a half ,hunt1 and three ,extream ,bells4 ,the whole ,hunt has a perfect course in hunting up and down1 and lies twice before1 and twice behind4 ,when the whole ,hunt leaves the thirds place hunting up1 then each ,bell that comes into that place1 lies there twice1 and then moves up behind2 and the ,bells in treble and seconds places1 does continue dodging from the time that the whole ,hunt hunts up out of thirds place1 until it comes into that place again hunting down2 and that ,bell which comes into thirds place 7when the whole ,hunt leaves it hunting down1 lies there twice1 and then moves up behind7 and the next ,bell that comes into that place1 lies there twice also1 and then moves down before the ,bells4 ,but note1 that ,bell which lies in the thirds place 7in the ,change next before the ,extream7 continues there1 until the whole ,hunt hunts up into that place1 and then it moves down2 when the whole ,hunt leads the ,bell in seconds place1 lies there twice together1 and then moves down before the ,bells2 and every ,bell that comes behind1 lies there twice1 except only in the ,change next before1 and that next after the whole ,hunt leads2 every single ,change is made in third and fourths places1 except the ,extreams1 which are also single ,changes1 and made between the two hindmost ,bells1 when the half ,hunt lies before the ,extream ,bells next to the whole ,hunt4 ,these directions are only for ,ringing this ,peal next following2 but it may be ,rang many other wayes1 by making the ,extream ,changes in other places1 of which ,i shall speak more anon4 #abcde #baced #bcade #cbdae #bcdea #cbeda #bcead #cbaed #cabde #acbed #acebd #caedb #ceabd #ecbad #cebda #ecdba #cedab #ecadb #eacbd #aecdb #aedcb #eadbc #edacb #decab #edcba #debca #edbac #deabc #daecb #adebc #adbec #dabce #dbaec #bdeac #dbeca #bdcea #dbcae #bdace #badec #abdce ----- #abdec #badce #bdaec #dbeac #bdeca #dbcea #bdcae #dbace #dabec #adbce #adcbe #daceb #dcabe #cdbae #dcbea #cdeba #dceab #cdaeb #cadbe #acdeb #acedb #caebd #ceadb #ecdab #cedba #ecbda #cebad #ecabd #eacdb #aecbd #aebcd #eabdc #ebacd #becad #ebcda #bedca #ebdac #beadc #baecd #abedc ----- #abecd #baedc #beacd #ebcad #becda #ebdca #bedac #ebadc #eabcd #aebdc #aedbc #eadcb #edabc #debac #edbca #decba #edcab #deacb #daebc #adecb #adceb #dacbe #dcaeb #cdeab #dceba #cdbea #dcbae #cdabe #cadeb #acdbe #acbde #cabed #cbade #bcdae #cbdea #bceda #cbead #bcaed #bacde #abced ----- #abcde ,this ,peal may be ,rang ,six-score several wayes4 ,with one whole ,hunt1 and half ,hunt1 it may be ,rang six wayes2 in three of which1 the whole ,hunt is to be hunted up1 and in the other three wayes it is to be hunted down2 which six wayes are to be ,rang1 by making the ,extream changes by the same rules1 and in the same manner1 as in ,doubles and ,singles on five ,bells1 ,old ,doubles1 and ,paradox1 before set down2 so that with the twenty ,hunts1 it may be ,rang twenty times six wayes2 which makes ,six-score4 ,this ,peal is grounded on the ,twenty-four ,changes1 ,doubles and ,singles on four ,bells1 the half ,hunt and three ,extream ,bells makes the ,twenty-four ,changes in perfect course2 and in the same manner1 as ,i shewed you in ,paradox1 and ,old ,doubles4 ,these following rules shews how to begin any ,peal of ,new ,doubles4 ,in hunting either the treble or fourth up1 the first change must be double between the two first1 and two last ,bells1 thus4-- #abcde #baced ,in hunting the treble down1 the first change is single in third and fourths places1 unless the extream is to be made4 --,the fourth down1 the first change is between the four first ,bells4 ,second up1 first change double between the four hindmost ,bells4 ,second down1 the first change is double between the two first1 and two last ,bells4 ,third up1 first change double between the four foremost ,bells4 ,third down1 first change double between the four hindmost ,bells4 ,fifth up1 double between the four first ,bells4 ,fifth down1 first change double1 two first and two last ,bells4 ,grandsire on five ,bells4 ,grandsire is the best and most ingenious ,peal that ever was composed1 to be rang on five bells1 it having no dependance on the course of any other ,peal4 ,there are ,sixscore changes in it1 in pricking of which1 there is the greatest variety of any other ,peal whatsoever2 for it may be prick't or rang some thousands of wayes4 ,the common way of ringing it1 is to make the ,bobs and single changes when the whole ,hunt leads1 which course and method ,i will first set down1 and afterward say something of the other wayes in ringing it4 ,it has a whole hunt and half hunt1 the changes are all double except two1 which are single4 ,the whole hunt has a perfect course in hunting up and down1 and lies twice together before1 and twice behind all the way2 every other bell has the same course as the whole hunt1 in moving and hunting up and down2 and each bell lead twice together all the way1 and lie twice together behind1 except only at the ,bobs4 ,every ,bob-change is made between the two first and two last bells1 the bell in thirds place lies full when every ,bob-change is made1 and then moves down2 and every other double change is made between the four bells that stand together 7viz47 either the four first1 or four last bells4 ,there are two sorts of ,bobs1 one of which is call'd a single ,bob1 and the other a double4 ,the ,rule for making the single ,bob is this--,when the whole hunt leads1 and the half hunt lies in thirds place1 the next is a ,bob-change2 in making of which1 the whole hunt moves out of the trebles place up into the seconds place hunting up1 and the bell which lies behind in the change next before the ,bob1 makes a dodge with the bell in fourths place1 and then lies twice behind2 and that bell which did dodge with the bell in tenors place1 moves directly down2 this is a single ,bob1 that is1 one ,bob-change4 ,the ,rule for making the double ,bob is this--,when the whole hunt lies in the seconds place hunting down1 and the half hunt behind1 then there is a double ,bob1 that is1 two ,bob-changes1 one of which is made the next change wherein the whole ,hunt moves out of the seconds place down before the bells1 and the other bob is made the next change but one to it1 in which the whole ,hunt moves from before the bells up into the seconds place2 the bell which lies in the thirds place when every ,bob-change is made1 lies there twice1 and then moves down4 ,and at every double ,bob1 the two hindmost bells continue dodging until the whole ,hunt moves up into the seconds place1 and parts them4 ,every time the whole ,hunt comes before the bells1 there is either a single ,bob1 or double ,bob made1 which comes by turns1 one single1 and the next double throughout the ,peal4 ,the greatest variety of this ,peal consists in making the single changes4 ,in this way of ,ringing it 7with any whole ,hunt and half ,hunt7 the first single change may be made either at the first1 second1 third1 fourth1 fifth1 or sixth ,bobs1 at the single or double ,bobs at pleasure2 observing for a constant ,rule1 that the half ,hunt is alwayes one of the two bells which makes every single change2 for the single changes are so contrived1 that 7in making them7 the whole ,hunt and half ,hunt are to continue their constant course as at other times4 ,at the single ,bob1 the single change is made in seconds and thirds places2 and at the double ,bob1 'tis made in fourth and fifths places1 the other three bells lying still in their places1 whil'st each single change is made2 the next change to each single1 is a ,bob-change2 every single change is made when the whole hunt lies before the bells2 there being alwayes sixty changes1 from the first single change to the second2 if the first single change is made at a single bob1 then the second single change must be made at the third single bob from it2 or if the first single change is made at a double bob1 the second single change must be made at the third double bob from that where the first was made4 ,this ,peal may be rang without making any single change therein1 which is done by making a double change to supply the place of it4 ,there are two of these double changes in each ,peal2 the first of them may be made at any bob within sixty changes from the beginning of the ,peal1 and the second is to be made just sixty changes from the first4 ,at a double bob1 it may be made at either of the two bob-changes2 at the first of them1 'tis made by moving the whole ,hunt down1 and the bell in thirds place up over two bells at once into the tenors place1 thus3-- #dacbe #adbec ,in making it at the second bob change of the double bob1 'tis the same as at the first1 only in that the whole ,hunt moved down to lead2 but in this it must move up from before the bells into the seconds place1 as in this change3-- #abdce #baced ,the changes next following these1 are the same as at other times4 ,at the single bob1 'tis to be made when the whole ,hunt lies in the seconds place hunting down2 in which place it may be made two wayes1 in one of which the bell in thirds place is to be moved up behind1 in the same manner as ,i showed you at the double bob3 ,the other way1 is to move the bell in tenors place down into the thirds place1 thus3-- #eadbc #aecdb ,now the reason wherefore at this place it may be made two wayes1 and at each of the double bob changes but one way1 is this2 ,at the double bob1 the half ,hunt lies behind1 which cannot be moved into thirds place1 for that would put it out of its course2 but in the single bob1 the half ,hunt lying before the bells1 and the whole ,hunt in seconds place1 so that neither of those bells are concerned therein2 therefore it may be made either by moving the bell in thirds place up behind1 or else by moving the hindmost bell down into thirds place1 both which are to one effect1 though different changes2 for these changes are so continued1 that 7in making them7 the whole ,hunt and half ,hunt are to continue their constant course1 as at other times4 ,i have here set down this ,peal of ,grandsire1 making the treble the whole ,hunt1 and the tenor the half ,hunt1 and the first single change is made the sixth bob2 that is1 the third double bob1 which is sixty changes from the beginning of the ,peal2 you may know the single change1 by the line drawn between the figures at the single change1 that next after the line is the single3 ,grandsire is most commonly rang1 as it is here prickt2 but it may be rang any other way1 according to my directions before4 #abcde #baced #bcade #cbdae #cdbea #dceba #decab #edacb #eadbc #aebdc #abecd #baedc #beacd #ebcad #ecbda #cedba #cdeab #dcaeb #dacbe #adceb #acdbe #cadeb #cdabe #dcbae #dbcea #bdeca #bedac #ebadc #eabcd #aecbd #acedb #caebd #ceadb #ecdab #edcba #debca #dbeac #bdaec #badce #abdec #adbce #dabec #dbace #bdcae #bcdea #cbeda #cebad #ecabd #eacdb #aedcb #adebc #daecb #deabc #edbac #ebdca #becda #bcead #cbaed #cabde #acbed ----- #acbde #cabed #cbade #bcdae #bdcea #dbeca #debac #edabc #eadcb #aecdb #acebd #caedb #ceabd #ecbad #ebcda #bedca #bdeac #dbaec #dabce #adbec #abdce #badec #bdace #dbcae #dcbea #cdeba #cedab #ecadb #eacbd #aebcd #abedc #baecd #beadc #ebdac #edbca #decba #dceab #cdaeb #cadbe #acdeb #adcbe #daceb #dcabe #cdbae #cbdea #bceda #becad #ebacd #eabdc #aedbc #adecb #daebc #deacb #edcab #ecdba #cebda #cbead #bcaed #bacde #abced ----- #abcde ,grandsire may be rang another way 7i4e47 in making the bobs when the whole ,hunt is before the bells 7as in the former way7 and to make the single changes when it lies behind 7viz47 the first single change may be made at any time when the whole ,hunt comes behind1 provided it be made within sixty changes from the beginning of the ,peal2 if it is made the next time the whole ,hunt comes behind after a single bob1 it is in treble and seconds places2 after a double bob1 it is made in third and fourths places1 the whole ,hunt lying behind when each single change is made1 and the second single change must be made just sixty changes from the first4 ,in all the several ,peals of ,grandsire by the course aforesaid1 the first changes in each ,peal must be made by these following ,rules3 ,with these ten ,hunts1 the whole ,hunt is to be hunted up at the beginning of each ,peal4 ,b #a1c ,b #a1e #b1c #b1d #c1b #c1e #d1a #d1e #e1a #e1d ,with these ten ,hunts1 the first change in each ,peal is made by hunting the whole ,hunt down4 #a1b #a1d #b1a ,b #b1e #c1a #c1d #d1b #d1c #e1b #e1c ,these are the twenty ,hunts on five bells1 which are set down in ,page #bf4 ,the two figures which stand together1 do represent the whole ,hunt and half ,hunt2 for instance1 the uppermost figures are #a1c2 the #a is the whole ,hunt1 and the #c is the half ,hunt1 and so of the rest4 ,where the letter ,b stands by the ,hunt1 the first change that ,hunt makes is a ,bob3 ,but with all the other ,hunts1 the first change is either between the four first1 or four last bells2 yet the first change in many of them may be made single1 as in #a1b3 #a1c3 #a1d3 #a1e3 #b1a3 #b1c3 #c1a3 #c1e3 #d1a3 #d1c3 #a1e3 #e1a3 #e1d3 ,in hunting the treble down1 the first change is made between the four hindmost bells2 and in hunting the fifth bell up1 the first change is made between the four foremost bells4 ,there is another way to ,ring this ,peal of ,grandsire1 which is1 to make the bobs and single changes when the whole hunt lies behind the bells2 but this is not convenient to be practised1 therefore ,i will say no more of it in this place1 having only mentioned this1 to shew the great variety there is in this ,peal4 ,this ,peal of ,grandsire is to be ,rang by another course1 viz4 to make the bobs when the whole hunt is behind the bells1 and the single changes1 when it lies before them4 ,this is the absolute foundation from whence the excellent ,peal of ,grandsire bob 7on six bells7 had its beginning and method1 and by practising to prick down this ,peal1 and by observing the true course and method of the bobs and single changes herein1 you may with the greatest ease understand the true course of the bobs and single changes in ,grandsire bob on six bells1 for the half hunt1 the quarter hunt1 and the three extream bells 7in ,grandsire bob on six bells7 do make these sixscore changes2 every time the whole hunt leads in ,grandsire bob1 there are two changes made in this ,peal of ,grandsire on five bells3 ,and so consequently1 the single changes in ,grandsire bob are made by the same rule and method as they are in this ,peal4 ,the ,rule for making the bobs in this ,peal1 is this 7viz47 when the whole hunt lies in the fourths place hunting up1 and the half hunt leads1 the next is a double ,bob3 ,and when the whole hunt lies in the tenors place1 and the half hunt in thirds place1 then the next change is a single bob1 the bobs are made between the two first and two last bells1 that in thirds place lies still in the bob change1 and then moves up4 ,the single changes are made when the whole hunt leads2 the first single change 7in ,ringing it with any whole hunt and half hunt7 may be made at any time when the whole hunt leads1 within sixty changes from the beginning of the ,peal1 accounting the bells as they stand round at the beginning for one of the sixty changes4 ,the single change that is made the next time the whole hunt leads after a single bob1 is made in fourth and fifths places2 and that which is made next after a double bob1 is made in second and thirds places1 the half hunt is alwayes one of the two bells which makes every single change4 ,if the first single change is made after a single bob1 then the second single change must be made when the whole hunt leads next after the third single bob from that after which the first single was made2 and the same is observed1 in making them after a double bob3 there being alwayes sixty changes from the first to the second single change in each ,peal4 ,this ,peal ,i have here set down1 in which ,i make the treble the whole hunt1 the fifth the half hunt1 and the first single change is made when the whole hunt comes to lead next after the first single bob3 ,you may know the single change1 by the line drawn between the figures2 the change next below the line1 is the single1 as in the following ,peal4 #abcde #acbed #caebd #ceadb #ecdab #cedba #ecbda #cebad #ecabd #eacdb #aedcb #adebc #dabec #dbace #bdcae #bcdea #cbeda #bcead #cbaed #cabde #acdbe ----- #acdeb #caedb #ceabd #ecbad #cebda #ecdba #cedab #ecadb #eacbd #aebcd #abedc #badec #bdace #dbcae #dcbea #cdeba #dceab #cdaeb #cadbe #acbde #abced #baecd #beadc #ebdac #bedca #ebcda #becad #ebacd #eabdc #aedbc #adecb #daceb #dcabe #cdbae #cbdea #bceda #cbead #bcaed #bacde #abdce #adbec #daebc #deacb #edcab #decba #edbca #debac #edabc #eadcb #aecdb #acebd #cabed #cbade #bcdae #bdcea #dbeca #bdeac #dbaec #dabce #adcbe ----- #adceb #daecb #deabc #edbac #debca #edcba #decab #edacb #eadbc #aebdc #abecd #baced #bcade #cbdae #cdbea #dceba #cdeab #dcaeb #dacbe #adbce #abdec #baedc #beacd #ebcad #becda #ebdca #bedac #ebadc #eabcd #aecbd #acedb #cadeb #cdabe #dcbae #dbcea #bdeca #dbeac #bdaec #badce #abcde ,this ,peal may be ,rang without making any single change therein1 there are two double changes which may be made to supply the places of the two single changes2 the first of these double changes in any ,peal may be made any time when the whole hunt lies in fourths place hunting up1 provided you make it within sixty changes from the beginning of the ,peal4 ,at a double bob1 it may be made at either of the two bob changes1 by moving the bell which lies in thirds place down under two bells at once into the trebles place3 ,now suppose it were to be made the first time the whole hunt lies in the fourths place hunting up in the ,peal next before1 which is at a double bob1 the bells lie thus1 #ecdab2 now the treble being the whole hunt must move up behind1 and the fourth bell being in thirds place1 must move down under two bells at once into the trebles place1 thus1 #decba2 or else it may be made at the next bob change of the double bob1 #ecbda2 here the treble must be moved down into fourths place1 and the second bell into trebles place1 thus1 #becad4 ,it may also be made the change next before the single bob1 in which change it may be made two wayes2 viz4 either by moving the bell in thirds place down into trebles place1 as in the changes next before1 or else by moving the bell in trebles place up into thirds place2 for instance1 two changes before the first single bob 7as in the ,peal before set down7 the bells be thus1 #bdcae2 now the change may be made1 either by moving the third bell into the trebles place1 thus1 #cbdea2 or else the bell that leads up into thirds place1 thus1 #dcbea2 in both which wayes1 the whole hunt is to be moved up behind4 ,there are only two of these double changes to be made in each ,peal3 if the first is made at a double bob1 then the second must be made at the third double bob from it2 or if the first of them is made at a single bob1 then the second must be made at the third single bob from that where the first was made1 there being alwayes just sixty changes from the first of these double changes to the second in each ,peal4 ,these double changes are the same which in ,grandsire bob on six bells1 are called true changes2 those true changes in ,grandsire bob being made by the same rule1 and in the same manner as these are4 ,in all the ,peals of ,grandsire1 wherein the bobs are made when the whole hunt is behind 7according to the ,rules next before set down7 the first changes in each ,peal must be made by these ,rules following4 ,with these ten ,hunts1 the first change in each ,peal is made by hunting down the whole ,hunt4 #a1b #a1e #b1a #b1e #c1a #c1d #d1b #d1c ,b #e1a ,b #e1c ,with these ten ,hunts1 the first change in each ,peal is made by hunting the whole ,hunt up4 #a1c #a1d #b1c #b1d #c1a #c1e ,b #d1a #d1e #e1d #e1b ,where the letter ,b stands next to any hunt2 the first change which that hunt makes1 is a bob3 ,but with all the other hunts1 the first change in each ,peal is made double1 either between the four first1 or four last bells2 yet in many of them1 the first change may be made single1 as in #a1b3 #a1e3 #b1a3 #b1c3 #b1e3 #c1e3 #d1c3 #d1e3 #e1b3 #e1c3 ,before ,i conclude my directions to this excellent ,peal of ,grandsire1 ,i will set down one general ,rule for making the single changes in any ,peal 7at places differing from any of the former ,rules7 viz4 wheresoever the whole hunt and half hunt meets together to make a change 7which constantly happens every time the whole hunt hunts up1 and every time it hunts down in every ,peal7 the other three bells may lie still in their places1 whil'st the whole hunt and half hunt makes the change2 which being made1 the whole hunt1 the half hunt1 and the other bells are immediately to proceed in their course2 which single change is as effectual1 as those which are made by the ,rules aforesaid4 ,observing to make the first single change in any ,peal1 within sixty changes from the beginning2 and the second single change must be made 7just sixty changes from the first7 between the whole hunt1 and half hunt1 which two bells will in course lie in the same places where the first single change was made4 ,the ,seven-score and four on six ,bells4 ,this ,peal containing ,seven-score and four changes1 is to be ,rang on six bells1 in which1 the treble and tenor are both whole hunts1 and the second is half hunt2 the whole hunts do both hunt at one and the same time in a direct course1 one up1 and the other down2 and alwayes when one of them lies before the bells1 the other lies behind them2 and when that hunt which lies before the bells1 leaves the trebles place hunting up1 the other hunt lying behind1 leaves the tenors place hunting down2 each hunt lies only twice together before the bells1 and twice behind throughout the ,peal4 ,the second bell is the half hunt in this following ,peal1 for the second1 third1 fourth and fifth bells make the twenty four changes herein2 every time the whole hunts come before and behind the bells1 there is one change made in the ,twenty-four 7which is alwayes once in six changes7 the second bell being the hunt on the ,twenty-four2 so that every time it comes before or behind the extream bells1 there is an extream change to be made1 which in the following ,peal is made between the two farthest extream bells from the second4 ,i have only set down part of this ,peal1 which is sufficient to shew the course and method thereof4 #abcdef #bacdfe #bcafde #bcfade #bfcdae #fbcdea #fcbdea #cfbdae #cbfade #cbafde #cabdfe #acbdef #acdbef #cadbfe #cdafbe #cdfabe #cfdbae #fcdbea #fcdeba #cfdeab #cdfaeb #cdafeb #cadefb #acdebf ------ #adcebf #dacefb #dcafeb #dcfaeb #dfceab #fdceba #fdcbea #dfcbae #dcfabe #dcafbe #dacbfe #adcbef #adbcef #dabcfe #dbafce ,at the extream change next before1 ,i have drawn a line between the figures1 that next below the line is the extream3 ,the aforesaid ,peal may be ,rang with any other whole hunt1 or half hunt2 and also the ,twenty-four changes doubles and singles1 may be made in the room of the plain ,twenty-four in the aforesaid ,peal4 ,trebles and ,doubles on six ,bells4 ,there are many ,peals of ,trebles and ,doubles to be ,rang on six bells1 as1 ,six-score changes1 ,seven-score and four1 ,twelve-score1 and ,seven-hundred and twenty4 ,in each of which ,peals1 the changes that are made from the time that the whole hunt leaves the trebles place hunting up1 until it comes down into that place again1 are all made in one and the same manner1 so that the only difference in these ,peals1 consists in making the changes when the whole hunt leads4 ,these ,peals are called ,trebles and ,doubles1 because one is a treble change 7that is1 #c changes made together1 in which all the six bells do change their places1 thus1 #abcdef3badcfe37 and the next is a double change between the #d bells1 in the midst1 thus1 #bdafce3 ,and in this course the changes are alwayes made from the time that the whole hunt leaves the trebles place hunting up1 until it comes down into the trebles place again2 and in ,ringing this ,peal1 'tis observed1 that every bell does hunt in a perfect and direct course1 and be twice together before1 and twice behind1 until the whole hunt leads4 ,the manner of ,ringing the ,seven-score and four1 is this2 the treble and tenor are both whole hunts1 and the second is the half hunt2 the first change is a treble change1 and the next a double change1 as ,i shewed you before2 in which course they are made1 until the treble leads again1 and the tenor lie behind2 at which time there's a single change to be made in third and fourths places3 ,but when the half hunt lies next to the treble1 then the next single change must be made in fourths and fifths places1 as in this following ,peal1 where ,i have only set down part of it for an example4 #abcdef #badcfe #bdafce #dbfaec #dfbeac #fdebca #fedcba #efcdab #ecfadb #ceafbd #caebfd #acbedf #acebdf #cabefd #cbafed #bcfade #bfcdae #fbdcea #fdbeca #dfebac #defabc #edafcb #eadcfb #aecdbf #aedcbf #eacdfb #ecafdb #cefabd #cfebad #fcbeda #fbcdea #bfdcae #bdface #dbafec #dabefc #adebcf #adbecf #daebfc #deafbc #edfacb #efdcab #fecdba #fcebda #cfbead #cbfaed #bcafde #bacdfe #abdcef ------ #abdecf #baedfc #beafdc #ebfacd #efbcad #fecbda ,this ,peal is grounded on the ,twenty-four changes doubles and singles1 the second1 third1 fourth and fifth makes the ,twenty-four changes2 the second bell is the hunt in the ,twenty-four1 therefore the extream in the ,peal next before1 is made between the two farthest extream bells from it when it lies before them3 ,at the extream changes there's a line drawn between the figures1 but the extreams may be made every time the second lies behind the extream bells2 or else1 every time it lies before and behind them1 in the same manner1 as ,i told you before in my directions to the ,twenty-four ,doubles and ,singles3 ,and this ,peal may be also ,rang with any other whole hunts1 or half hunts4 ,in the ,six-score ,trebles and ,doubles1 the changes are the same as in the ,peal next before1 until the whole hunt leads1 at which time 7in this ,peal7 there is a double change to be made between the four hindmost bells2 but when the whole hunt leads1 and the half hunt lies next to it1 then there is a single change to be made1 either between the two nearest bells to the half hunt1 or else between the two farthest bells from it2 there are but two single changes in the ,peal1 and the second single change must be made between those two bells which made the first4 ,in this following1 the treble is the whole hunt1 and the second the half hunt1 and the first single change is made when the bells do lie #abdcfe3 which is sixty changes from the beginning of the ,peal2 after the whole hunt has at first hunted up and down again3 ,i have set down only those changes which are made every time the whole hunt leads4 #abcdef #badcfe #bdafce #dbfaec #dfbeac #fdebca #fedcba #efcdab #ecfadb #ceafbd #caebfd #acbedf #acebfd ------ #aecfbd #aefcdb ------ #afedcb #afdebc #adfbec #adbfce ------ #abdcfe ------ #abcdfe ------ #acbfde #acfbed ------ #afcebd #afecdb #aefdcb #aedfbc ------ #adebfc #adbecf ------ #abdcef ------ #abcdef ,the course of the ,twelve-score1 and the ,seven-hundred and twenty1 are both one and the same2 for the ,twelve-score changes1 are only part of the ,seven-hundred and twenty4 ,there's a whole hunt1 a half hunt1 a quarter hunt1 and three extream bells in the ,seven-hundred and twenty2 the changes are all treble and double 7in the same course1 as in the ,six-score next before set down7 until the whole hunt leads1 and the half hunt lies next to it1 at which time there's a single change to be made in fourth and fifths places3 ,but when the whole hunt leads1 and the half hunt lies next to it1 and the quarter hunt lies next to the half hunt1 then there's an extream to be made1 which is a single change1 and made between the two farthest extream bells from the quarter hunt2 and by observing this course1 you may prick down1 or ,ring the ,seven-hundred and twenty3 ,but if you would only ,ring ,twelve-score changes 7and then end there1 by bringing the bells round7 you must make no extream change at all2 for in making every single change in fourth and fifths places1 the bells will come round in course at the end of ,twelve-score changes if you make no extream change to carry the ,peal forward4 ,in the following changes1 the treble is the whole hunt1 the #b is the half hunt1 the #c the quarter hunt1 and the #d1 #e1 and #f1 are the extream bells4 ,it being not much material to set down this ,peal at large1 therefore after the treble 7which is the whole hunt7 has hunted twice up and down1 ,i have put down only the two changes which are made every time the treble leads to the end of the ,twelve-score1 as follows4 #abcdef #badcfe #bdafce #dbfaec #dfbeac #fdebca #fedcba #efcdab #ecfadb #ceafbd #caebfd #acbedf #acebfd #cabedf #cbadef #bcdafe #bdcfae #dbfcea #dfbeca #fdebac #fedabc #efadcb #eafcdb #aecfbd #aefcdb ------ #afedcb #afdebc ------ #adfbec #adbfce ------ #abdcfe single #abdfce ------ #adbcfe #adcbef ------ #acdebf #acedfb ------ #aecfdb #aefcbd ------ #afebcd #afbedc ------ #abfdec single #abfedc ------ #afbdec #afdbce ------ #adfcbe #adcfeb ------ #acdefb #acedbf #aecbdf #aebcfd ------ #abefcd single #abecfd ------ #aebfcd #aefbdc ------ #afedbc #afdecb ------ #adfceb #adcfbe ------ #acdbfe #acbdef ------ #abcedf ,the last change is #abcdef3 which is at the end of ,twelve-score changes2 and here you see1 that the whole hunt1 the half hunt1 and quarter hunt1 do lie next to each other before the extream bells2 therefore the bells may either be brought round1 by making the single change in the same place1 as those next before1 are made thus1 #abcdef3 or else1 if you would proceed forward to the end of the ,seven-hundred and twenty1 then the next must be an extream change between the fourth and sixth1 which are the #b hindmost bells1 thus1 #abcefd3 and by observing to make an extream change behind every time the #a1 #b1 #c1 lie together before the bells1 the bells will come round in course at the end of the ,seven-hundred and twenty2 at the end of every ,three score changes1 there's a single change throughout the ,peal1 and an extream change at the end of every ,twelve-score4 ,this ,peal 7by the ,rules aforesaid7 may be ,rang with any whole hunt1 half hunt1 and quarter hunt4 ,in this ,peal is contained the ,six-score changes of ,old ,doubles on five bells1 and also the ,twenty-four changes ,doubles and ,singles on four bells2 the half hunt1 the quarter hunt1 and three extream bells1 makes the ,six-score changes of ,old ,doubles in a perfect course2 and the quarter hunt1 and three extream bells1 do make the ,twenty-four changes ,doubles and ,singles4 ,every time the whole hunt leads1 there are made two changes of the ,six-score2 and every time the whole hunt leads1 and the half hunt lies next to it1 there are two changes mades in the ,twenty-four4 ,grandsire ,bob4 ,on six ,bells4 ,in this ,peal of ,grandsire ,bob1 there are ,seven-hundred and twenty changes1 in ,ringing of which1 there is the same course1 as in ,trebles and ,doubles 7before set down7 until the bob-changes come to be made2 this ,peal may more properly be called ,trebles and ,doubles than the former1 because all the changes throughout the ,seven-hundred and twenty1 are treble and double1 except only the two single changes3 ,but in ,ringing an ,eighteen-score 7which is half the ,seven-hundred and twenty1 and a complete ,peal of it self7 the changes are all treble and double without any single change therein2 for you must know1 that in any ,peal of ,grandsire bob1 the bells will come round in course at the end of ,eighteen-score changes1 if you make no single change to carry it on farther to the end of the ,seven-hundred and twenty4 ,this ,peal has a whole hunt1 a half hunt1 a quarter hunt1 and three extream bells2 every bell hunts in a direct course1 and lies twice together before1 and twice behind1 until the whole hunt leads1 and then the four hindmost bells do dodge1 that is1 they make a double change2 in which 'tis alwayes observed1 that the two bells which lie in third and fifths places 7in the change next before the dodge7 are hunting down1 and in making this double change1 each of those bells do dodge with the bell next above it1 that is1 they move up over one bell1 and then each of them moves directly down2 and the two bells that lie in fourth and tenors places in the change next before every dodge1 are hunting up1 and in making the dodge change1 each of those bells do move down under one bell1 and then they move up again in their course1 as before2 the dodge changes in all ,peals of ,trebles and ,doubles1 are made in the same manner as these4 ,there are two sorts of bobs in this ,peal1 viz4 a single1 and a double ,bob2 the ,rule for making the single bob1 is this1 when the whole hunt leads1 and the half hunt lies in tenors place1 and the quarter hunt in fourths place1 the next change is a bob2 and when the whole hunt leads1 and the half hunt lies in fifths place1 and the quarter hunt in seconds place1 then there is a double bob1 that is1 two bob-changes2 one of which is made the next change1 and the other is made the next time the whole hunt leads after4 ,the bobs are all double changes1 and made in one and the same manner 7i4e47 the leading bell1 and that in fourths place1 do both lie still1 whil'st the two bells in second and thirds places1 and those in fifth and tenors places make the bob-change2 and as soon as 'tis made1 the bell in fourths place moves directly down4 ,the half hunt is alwayes one of the two hindmost bells which makes every bob-change4 ,in ,ringing this ,peal1 there is a ,rule observed1 whereby the person that does ,ring the quarter hunt1 may give notice of the bobs before they come to be made1 without which it were impossible to ,ring it2 the ,rule is this3 ,in the dodge which is made between the four hindmost bells every time the whole hunt leads1 if the half hunt and quarter hunt do dodge in fifth and tenors place1 then the next time the whole hunt leads1 there's a single bob2 if they dodge in fourth and thirds places1 then there's a double bob that is1 two bob-changes1 one of which is made the next time1 the whole hunt leads after the dodge1 and the other is made the next time the whole hunt leads after the former is made3 ,he that does ,ring the quarter hunt1 may give notice of every bob-change1 by saying 7,bob7 when the whole hunt is going to lead1 which is a change next before the bob is to be made4 ,there are certain ,rules very convenient to be known by all that practise to ,ring this ,peal2 7viz47 he that does ,ring the whole hunt1 must observe that the bell which he first follows when he leaves the trebles place hunting up1 he must follow the same bell the next time he lies behind2 and the second bell which he follows in hunting up1 he must also follow the same bell when he next leaves the tenors place hunting down2 and likewise1 the third bell which he follows in hunting up1 he must also follow the same bell when he leaves the fifths place hunting down3 ,for instance1 in the first change of the following ,peal1 the bells stand thus3 #badcfe3 here the treble 7being the whole hunt7 does first follow the second1 therefore when the treble has hunted up1 and lies behind1 it follows the second again1 as in this change1 #fedcba3 ,and again1 the second change of the following ,peal1 is #bdafce3 here the fourth is the second bell1 which the treble follows in hunting up1 therefore he follows that bell again the next time he leaves the tenors place hunting down1 as in this change1 #efcdab3 which course is observed throughout the ,peal4 ,and in ,ringing any other bell 7beside the whole ,hunt7 'tis observed1 that the next time you lie before the bells after a bob1 that bell which you first follow in hunting up1 you must also follow the same bell when you lie behind2 and the same bell you must first follow every time you hunt up1 and every time you lie behind1 until the next bob comes to be made1 but if the whole hunt is the second bell which you follow in hunting up1 then you must follow the whole ,hunt when you lie behind2 and the next time you lead1 and lie behind1 you must follow the former bell as before1 until the bobs come to be made2 and after the bobs1 the course is the same 7though you do not follow the same bell7 as before4 ,these ,rules and ,directions before set down1 are to be observed in ,ringing any ,peal of ,grandsire bob with any whole ,hunt1 half ,hunt1 and quarter ,hunt3 ,an ,example ,i have here set down1 wherein the treble is the whole ,hunt1 the second the half ,hunt1 and the fourth the quarter ,hunt1 as in these following changes4 #abcdef #badcfe #bdafce #dbfaec #dfbeac #fdebca #fedcba #efcdab #ecfadb #ceafbd #caebfd #acbedf #acebfd #cabedf #cbadef #bcdafe #bdcfae #dbfcea #dfbeca #fdebac #fedabc #efadcb #eafcdb #aecfbd #aefcdb #eacfbd #ecabfd #cebadf #cbedaf #bcdefa #bdcfea #dbfcae #dfbace #fdabec #fadebc #afedcb ------ #aefdbc #eadfcb #edacfb #decabf #dcebaf #cdbefa #cbdfea #bcfdae #bfcade #fbaced #fabecd #afebdc #afbecd #faebdc #feadbc #efdacb #edfcab #decfba #dcebfa #cdbeaf #cbdaef #bcadfe #bacfde #abfced #abcfde #bafced #bfaecd #fbeadc #febdac #efdbca #edfcba #decfab #dceafb #cdaebf #cadbef #acbdfe #acdbef #cabdfe #cbafde #bcfaed #bfcead #fbecda #febdca #efdbac #edfabc #deafcb #daecfb #adcebf ------ #acdefb #caedbf #ceabdf #ecbafd #ebcfad #befcda #bfedca #fbdeac #fdbaec #dfabce #dafcbe #adcfeb ------ #acdfbe #cafdeb #cfaedb #fceabd #fecbad #efbcda #ebfdca #bedfac #bdeafc #dbaecf #dabcef #adcbfe #adbcef #dacbfe #dcafbe #cdfaeb #cfdeab #fcedba #fecbda #efbcad #ebfacd #beafdc #baedfc #abdecf #abedfc #badecf #bdacef #dbcafe #dcbfae #cdfbea #cfdeba #fcedab #fecadb #efacbd #eafbcd #aebfdc #aefbcd #eabfdc #ebadfc #bedacf #bdecaf #dbcefa #dcbfea #cdfbae #cfdabe #fcadeb #facedb #afecbd #afcedb #faecbd #feabcd #efbadc #ebfdac #bedfca #bdecfa #dbceaf #dcbaef #cdabfe #cadfbe #acfdeb ------ #afcdbe #fadceb #fdaecb #dfeabc #defbac #edbfca #ebdcfa #becdaf #bceadf #cbaefd #cabfed #acfbde #acbfed #cafbde #cfadbe #fcdaeb #fdceab #dfecba #defbca #edbfac #ebdafc #beadcf #baecdf #abcefd #abecdf #bacefd #bcafed #cbfade #cfbdae #fcdbea #fdceba #dfecab #defacb #edafbc #eadbfc #aebdcf #aedbfc #eabdcf #ebacdf #becafd #bcefad #cbfeda #cfbdea #fcdbae #fdcabe #dfaceb #dafecb #adefbc ------ #aedfcb #eafdbc #efabdc #febacd #fbecad #bfceda #bcfdea #cbdfae #cdbafe #dcabef #dacebf #adecfb ------ #aedcbf #eacdfb #ecafdb #cefabd #cfebad #fcbeda #fbcdea #bfdcae #bdface #dbafec #dabefc #adebcf #adbefc #daebcf #deacbf #edcafb #ecdfab #cefdba #cfebda #fcbead #fbcaed #bfacde #bafdce #abdfec #abfdce #badfec #bdaefc #dbeacf #debcaf #edcbfa #ecdfba #cefdab #cfeadb #fcaebd #facbed #afbcde #afcbed #fabcde #fbadce #bfdaec #bdfeac #dbefca #debcfa #edcbaf #ecdabf #ceadfb #caefdb #acfebd #acefdb #cafebd #cfabed #fcbade #fbcdae #bfdcea #bdfeca #dbefac #debafc #edabcf #eadcbf #aecdfb ------ #acedbf #cadefb #cdafeb #dcfabe #dfcbae #fdbcea #fbdeca #bfedac #befadc #ebafcd #eabcfd #aecbdf #aebcfd #eacbdf #ecadbf #cedafb #cdefab #dcfeba #dfcbea #fdbcae #fbdace #bfadec #bafedc #abefcd #abfedc #baefcd #beacfd #ebcadf #ecbdaf #cedbfa #cdefba #dcfeab #dfcaeb #fdacbe #fadbce #afbdec #afdbce #fabdec #fbaedc #bfeacd #befcad #ebcfda #ecbdfa #cedbaf #cdeabf #dcaefb #dacfeb #adfcbe ------ #afdceb #facdbe #fcabde #cfbaed #cbfead #bcefda #becdfa #ebdcaf #edbacf #deabfc #daefbc #adfecb ------ #afdebc #faedcb #feacdb #efcabd #ecfbad #cebfda #cbedfa #bcdeaf #bdcaef #dbacfe #dabfce #adfbec #adbfce #dafbec #dfaebc #fdeacb #fedcab #efcdba #ecfbda #cebfad #cbeafd #bcaedf #bacdef #abdcfe ,here are just ,eighteen-,score changes already made1 and the bells may either be brought round in their places1 by making a dodg-change behind 7according to the common course71 thus1 #abdcfe #abcdef but to have proceeded forward in the #gbj1 the last should have been a single change in third and fourths places1 thus1 #abdcfe #abcdfe the single change being made1 all the following changes to the end of the #gbj are to be made1 by the same rule and course as those before set down1 the last change of the #gbj being also a single change1 and to be made in the same place1 and between those two bells which made the former single1 thus1 #abdcef #abcdef which single change brings the bells round in their right places at the end of the #gbj4 ,this ,peal of ,grandsire bob may be ,rang with any whole ,hunt1 half ,hunt1 and quarter ,hunt2 but there being some difficulty in beginning many of the ,peals1 ,i have therefore set down ,directions for beginning each ,peal1 as follows4 #a4b4d #a4b4e #a4c4b #b4c4f #a4d4f #a4e4c #a4e4d #a4f4c ,in ,ringing ,grandsire bob with any of these eight ,hunts1 the first changes in each ,peal are to be made in the same manner1 as those in the ,peal before set down1 until the first bob in each ,peal comes to be made4 #a4b4c #a4b4f #a4c4e #a4d4b #a4d4e ,with these five ,hunts1 the first change in each ,peal is a dodge between the four hindmost bells3 thus1 #abcdef #abdcfe ,each three figures that stand together next before1 do represent a whole ,hunt1 a half ,hunt1 and quarter ,hunt3 for instance1 the uppermost figures in the first ,column1 are #a4b4d4 there the treble is the whole ,hunt1 the second the half ,hunt1 and the fourth the quarter ,hunt1 and so of the rest4 ,in making the treble the whole ,hunt1 the fifth the half ,hunt1 and the sixth the quarter ,hunt2 the first change is a dodge between the four hindmost bells1 in which the half and quarter ,hunt do dodge together in fifth and tenors places1 therefore the next time the whole hunt comes before the bells1 there's a single bob4 ,in ringing treble1 tenor1 and fifth1 the whole ,hunt moves up the first change1 thus #badcfe1 and so on in the common course until it comes next before the bells1 at which time there's a single bob4 ,in ringing treble1 fourth1 and third1 the whole ,hunt moves up the first change1 thus1 #badcfe1 and so forward in the common course1 until it leads again2 at which time there's a bob-change to be made1 and another the next time the whole ,hunt leads after that1 it being a double bob4 ,in ringing treble1 third1 and fourth1 the first is a dodge-change between the four hindmost bells1 in which the half ,hunt and quarter ,hunt do dodge together in third and fourths places1 therefore a double bob is next to be made1 one of which bob-changes is the next time the whole ,hunt leads1 and the other the next following4 ,in ringing treble1 fifth1 and second1 the first is a bob-change2 and the next time the whole ,hunt leads1 there's another bob-change1 it being a double bob4 ,in ,ringing treble1 sixth1 and second1 and treble1 sixth1 and fourth1 the first change in each of these two ,peals is a bob4 #b4d4f #e4c4d #f4a4b #e4c4a ,with these four ,hunts1 the first change is treble1 and the next double1 thus1 #badcfe1 and so on1 till the whole ,hunt leads4 #c4e4b #d4f4b #f4b4a #b4c4e #f4c4e ,with these five ,hunts1 the first change must be made between the four bells in the midst1 thus1 #acbedf4 ,in ,ringing tenor1 treble1 and second1 there's a single bob the first time the whole ,hunt comes before the bells4 ,in all ,peals of ,grandsire bob1 where the first change is either a bob1 or a dodge between the four hindmost bells1 or else a double change between the four bells in the midst1 it must be made at the back-stroke of the bells1 otherwise the ,peal would cut compass all the way1 that is1 every bell would come to lead at the back-stroke4 ,in the ,eighteen-score changes before set down1 there's a line drawn between the figures at every bob1 the changes next below each line is a bob-change4 ,in the ,seven-hundred and twenty changes of ,grandsire bob1 there are two single changes to be made4 ,the first single change in any ,peal is most commonly made as near the end of ,eighteen-score changes 7from the beginning7 as may be1 and 'tis the best way1 and most convenient3 ,for instance1 sometimes it happens that one or more of those persons who do ,ring this ,peal1 may be weary before they have ,rang ,eighteen-score changes1 therefore upon notice given1 the single change may be forborn1 and then the bells will in course come round at the end of ,eighteen-score changes1 making a complete ,peal2 but after the first single change is made1 the bells cannot be brought round in course1 until the ,seven-hundred and twenty are all made4 ,there is great variety in making the single changes in each ,peal1 which may be made at divers places 7viz47 ,the first single change in any ,peal may be made the second time the whole ,hunt leads after the last bob-change of the first or second double bobs1 at which places the whole ,hunt1 half ,hunt1 and quarter ,hunt1 do alwayes lie together before the bells1 and the single change is to be made in third and fourths places4 ,the first single change in any ,peal may also be made the second time the whole ,hunt leads after the first or second single bobs1 at which place the whole ,hunt and half ,hunt do alwayes lie together before the bells2 and the quarter ,hunt lies behind1 therefore it must be made between the two hindmost bells4 ,or if the first bob in any ,peal is a double bob1 then the first single change may be made the second time the whole ,hunt leads after the third double bob in that ,peal1 at which place the whole ,hunt1 half ,hunt1 and quarter ,hunt do lie together before the bells1 and the single is made in third and fourths places4 ,or if the first bob in any ,peal is a single bob1 then the first single change may be made the second time the whole ,hunt leads after the third single bob1 where the whole ,hunt and half ,hunt do alwayes lie together before the bells1 and the quarter ,hunt behind1 therefore the single change must be made behind4 ,the first single change in any ,peal may also be made either at the first1 second1 or third single bobs1 at which places the whole ,hunt leads1 the half ,hunt lies in tenors place1 and the quarter ,hunt in fourths place1 therefore it must be made behind4 ,the first single change in any ,peal may also be made the next time the whole ,hunt leads after the last bob-change of the first or second double bobs1 at which place the whole ,hunt1 and quarter ,hunt do alwayes lie together before the bells1 and the half ,hunt in fourths place1 therefore the single change must be made in third and fourths places4 ,and in most ,peals1 the first single change may be made the next time the whole ,hunt leads after the last bob-change of the third double bob2 and in some ,peals1 the first single change may be made the second time the whole ,hunt leads after the third double bob 7nothwithstanding the first bob-change in that ,peal is a single bob1 as in the ,eighteen-score treble1 second and fourth before set down7 which falls out according as the first bob change happens to be made either nearer the beginning of the ,peal1 or farther from it2 for in some ,peals1 the bells will come round in course the next time the whole ,hunt leads after the last bob-change of the third double bob4 ,and in many ,peals1 the bells will come round at the fore-stroke the second time the whole ,hunt leads after the last bob-change of the third double bob1 c4 ,there are two single changes in every ,seven-hundred and twenty1 which are alwayes made when the whole ,hunt leads1 the last single change in every ,peal being constantly made just ,eighteen-score changes from the first2 for making of which1 observe these ,rules4 ,if the first single change 7in any ,peal7 is made the second time the whole ,hunt leads after a double bob1 then the second single change must be made the second time the whole ,hunt leads after the third double bob1 accounting from the place where the first single change was made4 ,if the first single change in any ,peal is made the second time the whole ,hunt leads after a single bob1 then the second single change must be made the second time the whole ,hunt leads after the third single bob1 accounting from the place where the first single change was made4 ,or if the first single change is made at a single bob1 then the second single change must be made at the third single bob1 accounting from the place where the first single change was made4 ,the second single change in every ,peal must be made between those two bells1 and in the same place where the first single change was made2 and the whole ,hunt1 half ,hunt1 and quarter ,hunt1 will in course lie in the same places at the second single change1 where they lay at the first3 either the half ,hunt1 or quarter ,hunt1 are alwayes one of the two bells which makes every single change4 ,but there are many other wayes to make the single changes1 viz4 to make them between the half ,hunt1 and quarter ,hunt1 at any dodge1 where those two bells do dodge together next before a bob1 c4 of which ,i need not say any thing more in this place1 having already set down all those wayes which are most easie and convenient to be practised4 ,in ,ringing this ,peal of ,grandsire bob1 7with any whole ,hunt1 half ,hunt1 and quarter ,hunt7 if there's no single change made within ,eighteen-score changes from the beginning of the ,peal1 the bells will in course come round in their right places1 just at the end of ,eighteen-score changes4 ,in any ,peal of ,grandsire bob1 where the first is a double change1 and made at the back-stroke1 the last change of the ,peal 7which brings the bells round in their right places7 is a treble change1 and made at the fore-stroke4 ,the ,seven-hundred and twenty changes of ,grandsire ,bob may be ,rang without making any single change therein1 which way of ,ringing it1 is call'd ,grandsire ,bob ,true3 that is1 the changes are all true trebles and doubles without any single change therein4 ,there are made two double changes 7contrary to the course of all the double changes in the ,peal7 to supply the place of the two single changes1 which two are called ,true changes2 and to be made divers wayes1 and at several places4 ,the first true change in any ,peal may be made at the first1 second1 or third double bobs either at the first or second bob-change of each4 ,at the first bob-change of any double bob it may be made1 by moving the ,bell in fourths place down under two ,bells at once into the seconds place1 and the two hindmost ,bells must make a change at the same time3 for ,example1 in the ,eighteen-score of treble1 second and fourth before set down1 at the first bob-change of the first double ,bob1 the ,bells stand thus1 #adcebf4 ,now the true change is made1 by moving the ,bell which lies in fourths place down under two ,bells at once into seconds place1 and the two hindmost ,bells are at the same time to make a change thus1 #aedcfb4 ,at this place it may be made another way1 by moving the hindmost ,bell down under two ,bells at once into the fourths place1 and the two ,bells in second and thirds places are at the same time to make a change thus1 #acdfeb4 ,at the last ,bob-change of each double ,bob1 it may also be made two wayes2 one of which1 is to move the ,bell in fourths down into the seconds place1 and the two hindmost ,bells at the same time to make a change1 as ,i shewed you before3 ,but the best and easiest way is to move the bell which lies in fourths place up over two bells at once into the tenors place1 and the two bells in second and thirds places to make a change as at a bob3 for instance1 at the last bob-change of the first double bob in the ,eighteen-score before set down1 the figures stand thus1 #adcfeb4 ,now the bell in fourths place must be moved up behind1 and the two bells in second and thirds places are to make a change1 #acdebf4 ,the second ,true change in every ,peal must be made just ,eighteen-score changes from the first1 in making of which1 these ,rules are to be observed4 ,if the first true change in any ,peal is made at the first bob-change of a double bob1 then the second true change must be made at the first bob-change of the third double bob1 accounting from the place where the first true change is made1 but not reckoning that for one of the three3 or if the first true change is made at the last bob-change of a double bob1 then the second true change must be made at the last bob-change of the third double bob1 accounting from the place where the first true change was made1 but not reckoning that for one of the three4 ,and the second true change in every ,peal must be made in the same manner and place as the first1 the true and single changes in ,grandsire bob1 are both to one and the same effect 7i4e47 to alter the course of the extream bells2 for in making these changes1 the whole hunt1 half hunt1 and quarter hunt are to continue their constant course without variation1 neither of those #c bells being any otherwise concerned therein1 than at the change which should have been made1 if the single or true change had been forborn4 ,there is another way to ,ring this ,peal of ,grandsire ,bob1 by a course differing from the former4 ,when the whole ,hunt leads1 the half ,hunt lies in fifths place1 and the quarter ,hunt in fourths place1 then the next change is a single bob2 and when the whole ,hunt leads1 and the half ,hunt lies in fifths place1 and the quarter ,hunt in thirds place1 then the next change is the first bob-change of a double bob2 the bobs and dodge-changes herein are made in the same manner1 as those in the former way3 ,but the bobs herein are called by a ,rule differing from the former1 viz4 when the whole ,hunt and half ,hunt do lie together before the bells1 and the quarter ,hunt 7lying in fourths place7 dodges with the bell in thirds place1 then the second time the whole ,hunt comes before the bells 7from that place7 there is made the first bob-change of a double bob1 the second bob-change being made the next time the whole ,hunt leads after4 ,when the whole ,hunt and half ,hunt1 do lie together before the bells1 and the quarter ,hunt 7lying in fifths place7 dodges with the bell in tenors place1 then the second time the whole ,hunt leads 7from that place7 is made a single bob4 ,there are two single changes in the ,seven-hundred and twenty1 the first single change in any ,peal may be made at the first1 second1 or third single bobs1 at which places it must be made between the #b hindmost bells2 or the first single change may be made the next time the whole ,hunt leads after the first1 second1 or third single bobs1 at which places 'tis alwayes made between the two hindmost bells4 ,the first single change may also be made the next time the whole ,hunt leads after the last bob-change of the first1 second1 or third double bobs1 where it must alwayes be made in third and fourths places4 ,but in some few ,peals it happens1 that the bells will come round at the fore-stroke the next time the whole ,hunt leads after the third single bob1 and also after the last bob-change of the third double bob1 which falls out according as the first bob-change in each ,peal is made1 either nearer the beginning1 or farther off4 ,the second single change 7in every ,peal7 must be made ,eighteen-score changes from the first1 in making of which1 these ,rules must be observed4 ,if the first single change is made at a single bob1 then the second single change must be made at the third single bob from the place where the first was made4 ,or if the first single change is made the next time the whole ,hunt leads after a single bob1 then the second single change must be made the next time the whole ,hunt leads after the third single bob1 accounting from the place where the first single change was made4 ,and the same ,rule is observed in making it after a double bob4 ,the second single change in every ,peal must be made in the same place1 and between those two bells which made the first single change3 ,but 7in ,ringing this ,peal7 if you make no single change1 the bells will in course come round at the end of ,eighteen-score changes4 ,the way to begin several of these ,peals1 is as follows4 ,in ,ringing treble1 third1 and fifth2 and second1 third1 and fifth2 and also third1 fifth1 and second2 the first change is treble1 and the next double1 and so forward in the common course of trebles and doubles1 until the first ,bob in each comes to be made4 ,in treble1 second and third1 the first changes are treble and double in the common course2 and the second time the treble leads1 there's a double ,bob4 ,in treble1 tenor and second1 the first changes are treble and double in the common course2 and the second time the treble leads1 there's a single ,bob4 ,in treble1 second and fifth1 the first change is a dodge between the four hindmost ,bells2 and the second time the treble leads1 there's a single ,bob4 ,in second1 fourth and tenor1 the first change is made between the #d ,bells in the midst4 ,in treble1 second and fourth1 the first change is a dodge behind2 and the second time the treble leads1 there's a double ,bob4 ,changes on eight ,bells4 ,there are #djcbj several changes on #h bells1 which to ,ring it is altogether impossible2 the greatest ,peal that ever was ,rang on #h ,bells1 is #afhj1 being only a third part of the changes on seven ,bells1 which are to be ,rang with a whole ,hunt1 half ,hunt1 quarter ,hunt1 half quarter ,hunt 7for so you may term it7 and three extream ,bells3 ,but the most complete and musical ,peal that ever was ,rang on eight ,bells1 is ,grandsire ,bob1 treble1 second and fifth1 ,half-pulls1 on #a4b4c4e4f4g4 the fourth and the tenor lying behind every change1 thus1 #abcefg1dh4 which has of late been practised by the ,colledge-,youths1 and excellently well performed by them4 ,grandsire1 and ,tendring ,six-score on eight ,bells makes good ,musick1 #g4d4h4 lying behind every change3 ,and a ,six-score 7four extreams7 on the six ,bells in the midst1 the treble leading all the way1 and the tenor lying behind1 making a change at first between the #d and #e1 and then proceeds forwards in the ,six-score1 making the second the whole ,hunt1 and the seventh the half ,hunt1 it makes excellent ,musick2 but after the ,six-score changes are made1 the fourth and fifth must change their places again to bring the ,bells round4 #cefgh1bda #abceg1hfd #abceg1dfh #abceg1fdh #abcef1gdh #cdefg1bah #defgh1cba #abcfh1egd ,the most musical ,peals that are commonly ,rang on eight ,bells1 are these ,six-scores on five1 the other three ,bells lying behind every change3 ,for example1 the uppermost fig4 are #cefgh1bda4 here the #cefgh1 makes the ,six-score changes1 #c the whole hunt1 and #h the half ,hunt1 or any others1 and #bda4 strikes behind every change1 in the same order as they now lie1 and so of the rest4 ,the three ,bells which are to lie behind1 must first be hunted up one after the other in order1 before any of the ,six-score changes are made4 ,the ,seven-score and four on the six middle ,bells1 the treble leading1 and the tenor lying behind every change1 makes good ,musick4 ,of ,hanging ,bells4 ,first1 for the ,stock1 much need not be said1 but of placing the ,cannons or ,crown of the ,bell into it1 which is called ,hanging of a ,bell1 ,i shall speak something3 ,first1 find out whether the ,cannons be upright and true1 then raise the ,bell up by some ,rope tyed to the ,cannons1 and so that the ,bell hang level1 which you may find1 by applying a ,plumet to the brim1 then fasten a string to the ,crown-staple within the ,bell1 then 7a ,plumet being tyed to the other end of the string7 if the string hang in the midst between the two sides of the ,bell whereon the ,clapper should strike1 the ,crown-staple is cast into the ,bell true3 ,now when you have hung the ,bell1 and let the ,gudgeons in true by ,keys 7for therein consists the main point of the going of a ,bell7 then if the ,clapper hang in the midst between the two striking sides1 and the ,stock stand upright1 the ,bell is well hung4 ,if a ,bell have a longer stroke on the one side1 than the other1 truss up that side which hath the short stroke more1 or let the other side down1 and put a piece or two of ,leather in1 according to the stroke2 but sometimes the fault of the stroke is in the ,sally1 which you may remedy1 by tying the ,fillet 7or little ,cord about the rim of the ,wheel1 which causeth the dancing of the ,rope7 nearer1 or farther off the main ,spoke2 nearer makes a short stroke1 farther off the ,spoke1 a long one4 ,and observe1 that the trussing or taking up of a great ,bell far into the ,stock by a notch1 makes the ,bell go easier1 and lie lighter at hand 7that is7 when it is set1 for the farther the brim of the ,bell is from the centre of gravity1 the heavier it is3 ,now the centre of gravity is a supposed line drawn through the ,stock from one ,gudgeon to the other2 but note1 if you truss a ,bell up1 that the ,crown-staple be much above the ,gudgeons1 you must fasten a false ,eye to the ,crown-staple1 and to this false ,eye hang the ,clapper1 otherwise it will not strike so freely3 ,now small ,bells must be trussed up short1 for else the ,bell hanging low1 and fetching a great ,compass in the swing1 and having but little ,compass in the brim1 the ,clapper keeps along by the side of the ,bell1 and gives no blow at all2 but being hung short1 the ,bell fetches a quick and short ,compass1 equal to the bigness of the brim1 and the ,clapper strikes well4 ,now for the tempering of the ,gudgeons1 ,i leave it to the judgment of the ,workman2 but a word or two of the polishing of it4 ,after it is filed1 or turned exactly round1 take two pieces of ,oak1 and oyl one side of each1 and strew fine ,sand thereon1 and clap them in a ,smiths ,vice1 with the round of the ,gudgeon between1 then turn it about1 until you think it is sufficiently polished1 then oyl the sides of the pieces of ,oak wherein there is no ,sand1 and so clap them in a ,vice1 with the ,gudgeon between1 as before1 then turn it round1 and it will polish the ,gudgeon wonderful smooth2 and if the ,brasses are likewise well polished1 the ,bell will go as well at the first1 as ever3 ,now by the neglect of this1 the roughness of the ,gudgeon will wear the ,brasses so unequally1 that the ,bell will never go smooth and steddy4 ,now ,i would advise all ,bell hangers to hang ,bells with bolts of ,iron to come from the ,cannons through the ,stock1 and to fasten them with ,keys at the top of the ,stock1 and not with plates nailed on the sides2 for they are mighty inconvenient to fasten a bell that is loose in the ,stock1 or to alter the stroke4 ,as for the ,rowle1 let it not be without1 nor within the hollow of the side of the ,wheel2 nor above1 nor below the hollow at the bottom of the ,wheel4 ,now the bigger a ,wheel is1 if the ,frame will permit1 the bell will go the better2 when the wheel is new1 nail ,stays from the ,stock to each ,spoke1 to keep it from warping4 ',tis very convenient 7if the ,frame will permit7 to fasten a piece of ,timber about half a foot long on the end of the main ,spoke at the top of the ,wheel 7whereon the end of the bell-rope is fastned7 with a notch on the end of it2 so at the setting of the bell1 the ,rope will hit into that notch from the ,rowle1 and this will make the bell lie easier at hand when it is set1 and flie better4 ,,finis4