,transcrib]'s ,note3 #a4 ,ma!matical p[] 7sup]script7 is r5d]$ us+ a c>at 774 #b4 ,sup]script text is r5d]$ us+ an und]score 774 ,,am]ican ,,society ,,( ,,civil ,,eng9e]s ,,in/itut$ #aheb ,,transactions ,pap] ,no4 #aafh ,,te/s ,,( ,,creosot$ ,,timb]4 ,,by ,w4 ,b4 ,,gregory1 ,m4 ,,am4 ,,soc4 ,c4 ,e4 ,dur+ ! la/ few ye>s a quantity ( lit]ature has appe>$ 9 :i* ! treatm5t ( timb] by pres]vatives has be5 discuss$4 ,! prop]ties ( timb]1 bo? treat$ & untreat$1 h be5 det]m9$ by ! ,=e/ ,s]vice1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture1 & ?r\gh its rese>*es valuable k has come to eng9e]s :o h to deal ) ! design ( wood5 /ructures4 ,!re is v little in=mation1 h[ev]1 reg>d+ ! effect ( "t on creosot$ timb]1 & = ?is reason ! results giv5 h]e) may prove ( int]e/4 ,! mat]ial te/$ consi/$ ( s\!rn p9e /r+]s hav+ a cross-section approximately #f by #af 94 & a l5g? ( #cj ft4 ,= ! purpose ( te/+1 ea* beam 0 cut into two p>ts1 ea* ab\t #ae ft4 long4 ,?is mat]ial _h be5 9 use 9 a tre/le ( a railroad ne> ,new ,orleans = #bf ye>s4 ,! /r+]s 7 *os5 at r&om to det]m9e ! g5]al condition ( ! tre/le4 ,! timb] _h be5 expos$ to ! wea!r & subject$ to heavy tra9 s]vice f ! "t x 0 treat$ until x 0 te/$4 ,! annual ra9fall at ,new ,orleans is ab\t #fj 941 & ! humidity ( ! air is high4 ,9 spite ( ^! conditions1 !re 0 no appe>ance ( decay on any ( ! specim5s te/$4 ,! specifications "u :i* ! timb] 0 treat$ 7 z foll[s3 ,,timb]4 ,! timb] = creosot+ %all be long-leaf$ or s\!rn p9e4 ,sap surfaces on two or m sides are pref]r$4 ,piles4--,! piles %all be ( long-leaf$ or s\!rn p9e1 n less ?an #ad 94 at ! butt4 ,!y %all be free f defects impair+ _! /r5g?1 & %all be reasonably /raight4 ,! piles %all be cleanly peel$1 no inn] sk9 be+ left on !m4 ,! oil us$ %all be s-call$ creosote oil1 f ,london1 ,engl&1 & %all be ( a heavy quality4 ,! treatm5t w v>y accord+ to ! dim5sions ( ! timb]s & l5g? ( "t !y h be5 cut4 ,timb]s ( l>ge & small dim5sions %all n be treat$ 9 ! same *>ge1 nei!r %all timb]s ( diff]+ /ages ( air season+1 or ! close-gra9$1 be treat$ 9 ! same *>ge ) co>se or op5-gra9$ timb]s4 ,! timb]s %all be subject$ fir/ to live /eam sup]heat$ to f #bej to #bge ,fahr41 & "u a #cj to #dj-lb4 pressure4 ,! live /eam %all be admitt$ into ! cyl9d]s ?r\gh p]=at$ /eam pipes1 & ! temp]ature %all be obta9$ by us+ sup]heat$ /eam 9 clos$ pipes 9 ! cyl9d]s4 ,! l5g? ( "t ?is /eam+ %all la/ w dep5d on ! size ( ! timb]s & ! l5g? ( "t !y h be5 cut4 ,9 piles & l>ge timb]s fre%ly cut1 z long a "t z #ab h\rs may be requir$4 ,aft] ! /eam+ is accompli%$1 ! live /eam %all be %ut (f & ! sup]heat$ /eam %all be ma9ta9$ at a temp]ature ( #afj or m & a vacuum ( f #bj to #be 94 %all be held = #d h\rs or long]1 if ! dis*>ge f ! pumps indicates ! necessity4 ,oil ,treatm5t4--,! temp]ature be+ ma9ta9$ at #afj ,fahr41 ! cyl9d]s %all be promptly fill$ ) creosote oil at a temp]ature z high z practicable 7ab\t #ajj ,fahr474 ,! oil %all be ma9ta9$ at a pressure rang+ f #ajj to #abj lb41 z exp]i5ce & measurem5ts mu/ det]m9e ! l5g? ( "t ! oil treatm5t %all cont9ue1 s t ! requir$ am\nt ( oil may be inject$4 ,aft] ! requir$ am\nt ( oil is inject$1 ! sup]heat$ /eam %all be %ut (f1 ! oil let out1 ! cyl9d]s promptly op5$ at ea* end1 & ! timb] imm$iately remov$ f ! cyl9d]4 ,9 ! erection ( timb]s ! sap side mu/ be turn$ up1 & fram+ or cutt+ ( timb]s %all n be p]mitt$1 if avoidable4 ,all cut surfaces ( timb]s %all be saturat$ ) hot asphaltum1 ?9n$ ) creosote oil4 ,! heads ( piles :5 cut %all be promptly coat$ ) ! hot asphaltum & oil1 ev5 ?\gh ! cut-(f be tempor>y4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,te/+4 ,! te/s 7 made on a ,riehl #ajj1jjj-lb4 ma*9e 9 ! ,exp]im5tal ,eng9e]+ ,laboratory ( ,tulane ,univ]sity ( ,l\isiana4 ,! ma*9e is provid$ ) a ca/-iron beam = cross-b5d+ te/s4 ,! di/ance betwe5 supports 0 #ab ft4 ,! me?od ( support 0 z foll[s3 ,ea* end ( ! beam 0 provid$ ) a /eel roll] :i* re/$ on ! ca/-iron beam ( ! te/+ ma*9e1 :ile above ! roll]1 &1 directly "u ! beam te/$1 !re 0 a /eel plate #f by #h 94 9 area & #a 94 ?ick4 ,! area 0 suffici5tly great to di/ribute ! load & prev5t ! %e>+ ( ! fib]s ( ! wood4 ,! head ( ! ,riehl ma*9e is #aj 94 wide4 ,a plate1 #c_/h 94 ?ick1 #f 94 wide & #ah 94 long1 0 plac$ betwe5 ! head ( ! ma*9e & ! beam te/$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #a4--;,,deflecton ,,curves ,,beam ,i ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #b4--;,,deflecton ,,curves ,,beam ,,ii ,,table #a4--,,summ>y ,,( ,,results ,,( ,,transv]se ,,te/s ,,( ,,beams ,,at ,,tulane ,,univ]sity1 ,,febru>y #aj,,? ,,to ,,m>* #b;,d1 #aiji4 ,columns 9 table3 #a4 ,numb] ( beam4 #b4 ,top or butt ( log4 #c4 ,wid?1 9 in*es4 #d4 ,height1 9 in*es4 #e4 ,i 7bh#c7_/ab #f4 ,actual at ela/ic limit4 #g4 ,maximum4 #h4 ,at ela/ic limit4 #i4 ,maximum4 #aj4 ,at ela/ic limit4 #aa4 ,e 7,pl#c7_/7dh;d,i7 #ab4 ,weight1 9 p\nds p] cubic foot4 b h ,i ,,loads3 ,s 7,plc7_/7#d;,i7 d1 ,,in*es4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------- #a #b #c #d #e #f #g #h #i #aj ---------------------------------------- -------------------------- ,i ,b #f4bh #ae4id #b1abj #bb1jjj #de1ijj #b1ige #f1bjj #j4da ,i ,t #f4jj #ae4fi #a1icd #bj1jjj #ch1jjj #b1iae #e1edj #j4dfe ,,ii,a ,t #f4cg #ae4ha #b1jih #bj1jjj #dc1dej #b1gbb #e1iah #j4chj ,,ii ,b #f4da #af4da #b1cfj #af1jjj #be1jdj #a1iii #c1acj #j4dcj ,,iii ,t #e4hh #ae4fh #a1hga #bd1jjj #de1acj #c1fjh #f1ghe #j4ece ,,iii ,b #e4hh #ae4ij #a1ife #ba1jjj #ce1aij #c1jed #e1abj #j4eae ,,iv ,t #f4jj #ae4dc #a1hce #bb1jjj #ch1dbe #c1cbj #e1haj #j4dfe ,,iv ,b #f4ab #ae4hg #b1jcb #bb1jjj #ce1ejj #c1jij #d1ihc #j4ffj ,v ,b #f4jj #af4jj #b1jdh #bb1jjj #dg1jjj #c1jij #f1faj #j4djj ,v,a ,t #f4jj #ae4hg #a1iii #ad1jjj #bb1jej #a1iih #c1ade #j4cae ,,vi,a ,b #e4ej #ae4ge #a1gij #bb1jjj #ea1ccj #c1dhd #h1ibe #j4dej ,,vi,a ,t #e4hg #ae4fb #a1hfe #bj1jjj #dd1jjj #c1jac #f1fbg #j4daj ,,vii ,b #f4ef #ae4fb #b1jhc #cd1jjj #ea1ijj #d1ehj #f1ihe #j4fbj ,,vii,a ,t #f4bb #ae4fb #a1ige #bj1jjj #di1jjj #b1hde #f1igj #j4chj ,footnote ,a3 ,fail$ 9 longitud9al %e>4 ,e ----------- #aa #ab ,rem>ks4 ---------------------------------------- ---- #a1ege1jjj #ej4b ,close-gra9$ p9e1 #a1chc1jjj #dg4e long-leaf4 #a1efb1jjj #dj4e ,co>se loblolly1 #igi1jjj #db4b l>ge knots4 #a1dhi1jjj #dj4d ,close-gra9$1 long-leaf #a1bhh1jjj #dd4b no knots4 #a1fja1jjj #dj4h ,loblolly1 ) #a1jag1jjj #da4e knots4 #a1fgj1jjj #dg4b ,long-leaf yell[ #a1chb1jjj #db4a p9e4 #a1fie1jjj #ej4b ,long-leaf yell[ #a1fbe1jjj #de4b p9e4 #a1fcg1jjj #dc4g ,long-leaf yell[ #a1feh1jjj #dj4b p9e4 ,! deflection 0 measur$ on bo? sides ( ea* beam by us+ silk ?reads /ret*$ on ea* side f nails driv5 ab\t #b 94 above ! bottom ( ! beam & directly ov] ! roll]s :i* =m$ ! supports4 ,f a small piece ( wood1 tack$ to ! bottom ( ! beam at its c5t] & project+ at ! sides1 ! di/ance to ^! ?reads 0 measur$4 ,^! measurem5ts 7 tak5 to ! ne>e/ hundr$? ( an in*4 ,! mean ( ! deflections 0 tak5 z ! true deflection = any load4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #c4--;,,deflecton ,,curves ,,beam ,,iii ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #d4--;,,deflecton ,,curves ,,beam ,,iv ,9 comput+ ! v>i\s quantities %[n 9 ,table #a1 ! summ>y ( results1 ! load has be5 assum$ z conc5trat$ at ! c5t] ( ! beam4 ,:ile x is true t ! load 0 spread ov] a l5g? ( ab\t #ab 941 due to ! wid? ( ! head ( ! ma*9e & ! plate betwe5 x & ! beam te/$1 x is also true t !re 7 irregul>ities1 su* z bolt-holes &1 9 "s cases1 abrasions due to we>1 t c\ld n well be tak5 into acc\nt4 ,h5ce1 x 0 deem$ suffici5tly accurate to consid] ! load z conc5trat$4 ,besides ! horizontal bolt-holes1 %[n 9 ! photographs1 !re 7 v]tical bolt-holes1 at int]vals 9 all ! beams4 ,! latt] 7 #g_/h 94 9 diamet]1 & 9 e case !y 7 suffici5tly remov$ f ! c5t] ( ! l5g? ( ! beam to all[ ! maximum mom5t at ! r$uc$ section to be relatively less ?an t at ! c5t] ( ! beam4 ,= ?is reason1 no correction 0 made = ^! holes4 ,! brok5 beams (t5 %[$ t rupture />t$ at1 or 0 influ5c$ by1 "s ( ! holes1 especially ! horizontal ones4 ,:ile "s ( ! heavy oils ( a t>ry consi/5cy rema9$1 !y 7 only to be f\nd 9 ! sappy portions ( ! long-leaf p9e & 9 ! loblolly 7,specim5s ,,ii & ,,iv74 ,exposure 9 a semi-tropical climate = #bf ye>s _h result$ 9 ! removal ( ! m volatile portions ( ! creosote oil4 ,! p5etration ( ! oil into ! sap wood seem$ to be p]fect1 :ile 9 ! loblolly x v>i$ f a fraction ( an in* to #a-a_/b 94 ,9 ! he>t wood !re 0 v little p5etration across ! gra94 ,! timb] _h be5 fram$ & ! holes bor$ be=e treatm5t4 ,! p5etration ( ! creosote along ! gra9 f ! holes 0 (t5 f #d to #f 94 ,circul> #ci ( ! ,=e/ ,s]vice1 ,u4 ,s4 ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture1 entitl$ ,exp]im5ts on ! ,/r5g? ( ,treat$ ,timb]1 gives ! results ( a great _m te/s ( creosot$ ties1 pr9cipally loblolly p9e1 f :i* ! foll[+ conclusions are quot$3 7#a7 ,a high degree ( /eam+ is injuri\s to wood4 ,! degree ( /eam+ at :i* pron\nc$ h>m results w dep5d ^u ! quality ( ! wood & its degree ( season+1 & ^u ! pressure 7temp]ature7 ( /eam & ! duration ( its application4 ,= loblolly p9e ! limit ( safety is c]ta9ly #cj p\nds = #d h\rs1 or #bj p\nds = #f h\rs4 ,tables #c1 #f1 & #g4 7#b7 ,! pres5ce ( z9c *lorid w n weak5 wood "u /atic load+1 al?\gh ! indications are t ! wood becomes brittle "u impact4 ,tables #c & #d4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #e4--;,,deflecton ,,curves ,,beam ,v ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #f4--;,,deflecton ,,curves ,,beam ,,vi 7#c7 ,! pres5ce ( creosote w n weak5 wood ( itself4 ,s9ce app>5tly x is pres5t only 9 ! op5+s ( ! cells1 & does n get into ! cell walls1 its action c only be to ret>d ! season+ ( ! wood4 ,tables #c1 #d1 #e1 & #f4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #g4--;,,deflecton ,,curves ,,beam ,,vii ,,comp>isons4 ,a comp>ison ( ! results obta9$ ) te/s made on untreat$ timb] is int]e/+1 & to ?is end ,tables #b & #c1 f ,circul> #aae1 ,=e/ ,s]vice1 ,u4 ,s4 ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture1 by ,w4 ,k5drick ,hatt1 ,assoc4 ,m4 ,am4 ,soc4 ,c4 ,e41 are quot$4 ,! te/s made by ! writ] 7 f timb] rais$ 9 ,l\isiana & ,mississippi1 :ile ! te/s quot$ 7 f timb] rais$ f>!r nor?4 ,! numb] ( te/s 0 n suffici5t to settle que/ions ( av]age /r5g? or o!r qualities4 ,x w be se51 h[ev]1 t ! treat$ timb] #bf ye>s old comp>es favorably ) ! new untreat$ timb]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,i1 ,,fig4 #a4----,,specim5 ,,9 ,,te/+ ,,ma*9e1 ,,%[+ ,,me?od ,,( ,,support4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,i1 ,,fig4 #b4--;,,end ,,views ,,( ,,te/$ ,,timb]s4 ,,table #b4--;,,b5d+ ,,/r5g? ,,( ,,l>ge ,,/icks4 ,columns 9 table3 ,a3 ,ref]5ce numb]4 ,b3 ,numb] ( te/s4 ,c3 ,moi/ure1 p] c5t4 ,d3 ,r+s p] in*4 ,e3 ,specific gravity1 dry4 ,f3 ,,weight ,,p] ,,cubic ,,foot1 ,,9 ,,p\nds4 ,g3 ,z te/$4 ,h3 ,ov5 dry4 ,i3 ,fib] /ress at ela/ic limit1 9 p\nds p] squ>e in*4 ,j3 ,modulus ( rupture1 9 p\nds p] squ>e in*4 ,k3 ,modulus ( ela/icity1 9 ?\s&s ( p\nds p] squ>e in*4 ,l3 ,ela/ic resili5ce1 9 in* p\nds p] cubic in*4 ,m3 ,numb] fail+ by longitud9al %e>4 ,,loblolly ,,p9e4 ,locality ,,dim5sions4 ( -------------- ,grade4 ,condition ,a ,gr[?4 ,section1,span1 ( ,b ,c ,d 9 9 season+4 in*es4feet ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- #f by #g #f by #aj #aj #a ,s\? #d by #ab to ,squ>e ,gre5 ,av]age #dh4j #e4g ,c>ol9a4 #f by #af #ae4e edge ,maximum #db #ib4aaa4g #h by #ad ,m9imum #cj4b #b4c #h by #af ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- #f by #g #d by #ab #aj #b ,s\? #f by #aj to ,squ>e ,p>tially ,av]age #bg4g #e4j ,c>ol9a4 #f by #af #af edge air dry4 ,maximum #ah #bi4b #h4b #h by #af ,m9imum #be4e #b4e #aj by #af ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- #f by #g #aj ,s\? #d by #ab to ,squ>e ,p>tially ,av]age #ba4j #e4f #c ,c>ol9a4 #f by #aj #ae edge air dry4 ,maximum #ai #bd4iag4b #f by #af ,m9imum #ae4j #b4g ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- #f ,av]age #bb4d #d4h #d ,virg9ia4 #h by #h to ,squ>e ,p>tially ,maximum #ab #bg4g #h4h #af edge air dry4 ,m9imum #ag4h #b4e ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- #f ,av]age #fd4j #c4j #e ,virg9ia4 #h by #h to ,squ>e ,gre5 ,maximum #agajj4e #d4j #ae4e edge ,m9imum #ch4h #b4e ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,,long-,,leaf ,,p9e4 ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,av]age #be4jac4g #f ,s\? #f by #h #ae ,m]*ant-,p>tially ,maximum #bb #dj4cbe4d ,c>ol9a4#aj by #af able air dry ,m9imum #ag4c #f4b ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,av]age #bg4cah4j #g ,georgia4 #aj by #ab #ae ,m]*ant-,p>tially ,maximum #bb #cd4ebi4j able air dry4 ,m9imum #bj4jaa4j ,locality ,f ( --------- ,a ,gr[?4 ,e ,i ,j ,k ,l ,m ,rem>ks4 ,g ,h ---------------------------------------- ------------------- ,moi/ure above #a ,s\? #j4ejdf4bca4bc1aej #e1ehja1dbfj4de saturation ,c>ol9a4#j4fjef4hcg4ee1baj #h1dfja1ibjj4ii #g po9t 9 #j4djce4fbe4ja1fge #c1abj #ijej4jg all cases4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------- #b ,s\? #j4ejdj4jca4bc1chj #e1feja1dcej4de ,moi/ure ,c>ol9a4#j4eedc4gcd4dd1faj #h1jija1hhjj4gf #j f #be to #j4dece4fbh4ab1aae #c1fjja1aebj4bj #cj p] c5t4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------- ,s\? #j4ejcg4eca4bb1igj #e1fija1cdjj4ci ,moi/ure #c ,c>ol9a4#j4ehde4fcf4bd1hej #h1ajjb1jdjj4fi #b less ?an #j4daca4bbe4fa1gcj #b1iaj #ijfj4aj #be p] c5t4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------- #j4dfce4fbh4hc1bfj #e1ahja1ahjj4ea #d ,virg9ia4#j4ehdc4acf4be1cjj #h1ieja1gbha4je #j #j4cgcj4jbc4aa1bhj #b1ahj #fjfj4ac ---------------------------------------- ------------------- #j4dcdc4gbf4ia1ice #c1dij #gddj4ca ,v rapid #e ,virg9ia4#j4eaea4ica4ic1ahe #d1gbja1aicj4gh #j gr[?2 poor #j4cece4jba4i #ief #b1ahj #cegj4ab quality4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------- ,,long-,,leaf ,,p9e4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------- #j4ehde4fcf4bc1hjj #g1afja1efjj4ec #f ,s\? #j4gffj4jdg4ed1igjaj1jbjb1jajj4gh #i ,c>ol9a4#j4ejci4dca4bb1bbj #e1deja1aijj4ba ---------------------------------------- ------------------- #j4fied4gdb4ie1eha #h1chda1hbj -- ,excell5t #g ,georgia4 #j4gi -- #di4di1fjjaa1dajb1ibj -- #f m]*antable #j4ej -- #ca4dc1edg #d1hcfa1afg -- grade4 ,,table #c4--,,loblolly ,,p9e4--,,b5d+ ,,te/s ,,on ,,beams ,,season$ ,,"u ,,diff]5t ,,conditions4 7#h by #af-;94 section2 #ac-a_/b to #ae-;ft4 span47 ,columns 9 table3 ,a4 ,numb] ( te/s4 ,b4 ,fib] /ress at ela/ic limit1 9 p\nds p] squ>e in*4 ,c4 ,modulus ( rupture1 9 p\nds p] squ>e in*4 ,d4 ,longitud9al %e> at maximum load1 9 p\nds p] squ>e in*4 ,e4 ,modulus ( ela/icity1 9 ?\s&s ( p\nds p] squ>e in*4 ,f4 ,p]c5tage ( moi/ure4 ,g4 ,r+s p] in*4 ,h4 ,weight p] cubic foot1 ov5 dry1 9 p\nds4 ,i4 ,condition ( season+4 ,a ,b ,c ,d ,e ,f ,g ,h ,i ---------------------------------------- ------------------- ,av]age #c1ehje1dhjcfdda1ghjbc4b #i4dcc4g ,air dry1 ,maximum #d #d1jgjf1fjjddj #a1ihgbd4caa4ecd4e #c-a_/b mon?s ,m9imum #c1jije1jjjcbg #a1ecjba4e #h4jcb4e 9 ! op54 ---------------------------------------- ------------------- ,av]age #d1eabe1jfjcchca1fhebj #g4gcc4i ,kiln dry1 ,maximum #e #e1hdjg1cbjdhh #a1gijbb #aj4bch4j #f days4 ,m9imum #c1ahjb1aejadc #a1dajah #d4gbg4g ---------------------------------------- ------------------- ,av]age #d1ccaf1gbadicia1fhh -- #g4g -- ,air dry1 #ba ,maximum #ab #d1iijh1efjfbj #b1jjb -- #i4e -- mon?s "u ,m9imum #c1aaje1afjchj #a1cih -- #e4e -- %elt]4 ,,note4--,figures writt5 z subscripts to ! figures = longitud9al %e> indicate ! numb] ( /icks fail+ 9 t mann]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,ii4--,,side ,,views ,,( ,,te/$ ,,timb]s4 ,,table #d4--,,load ,,& ,,deflection ,,log4 ,,beam ,i4 ,columns 9 table3 ,a3 ,load1 9 p\nds4 ,b3 ,read+4 ,c3 ,total deflection4 ,d3 ,mean total deflection4 ,date3 ,febru>y #bf?1 #aiji4 ,date3 ,febru>y #bd?1 #aiji4 l #ab ft42 l #ab ft42 b 7mean7 #f-i_/cb 942 b 7mean7 #f 942 h 7mean7 #ae-ae_/af 942 h 7mean7 #ae4fi 942 c #g4ig 94 c #g4hd 94 ,"t #a h\r4 ,p ,,deflection1 ,,9 ,,in*es4 ,p ,,deflection1 ,,9 ,,in*es4 ,no4------------------------------------ --------------------- ,a ,b ,c ,b ,c ,d ,a ,b ,c ,b ,c ,d ---------------------------------------- -------------------- #a #j #a4hf #j #a4hh #j #j #j #a4hc #j #a4hf #j #j #b #b1jjja4ibj4jea4ijj4jbj4jce #b1jjj #a4hgj4jda4ijj4jdj4jd #c #d1jjja4ifj4aja4idj4jfj4jhj #d1jjj #a4iaj4jha4ifj4ajj4jij #d #f1jjja4iij4aca4ihj4ajj4aae #f1jjj #a4ifj4acb4jjj4adj4ace #e #h1jjjb4jcj4agb4jbj4adj4aee #h1jjj #b4jjj4agb4jdj4ahj4age #f #aj1jjjb4jej4aib4jfj4ahj4aheaj1jjj #b4jdj4bab4jhj4bbj4bae #g #ab1jjjb4ajj4bdb4jij4baj4bbeab1jjj #b4jij4bfb4acj4bgj4bfe #h #ad1jjjb4acj4bgb4acj4bej4bfjad1jjj #b4adj4cab4ahj4cbj4cae #i #af1jjjb4agj4cab4afj4bhj4bieaf1jjj #b4aij4cfb4bcj4cgj4cfe #aj #ah1jjjb4bjj4cdb4bjj4cbj4ccjah1jjj #b4bdj4dab4bhj4dbj4dae #aa #bj1jjjb4bdj4cfb4bej4cgj4cfebj1jjj #b4bij4dfb4ccj4dgj4dfe #ab #bb1jjjb4bhj4dbb4bhj4djj4dajbb1jjj #b4cdj4eab4cij4ecj4ebj #ac #bd1jjjb4cbj4dfb4cbj4ddj4dejbd1jjj #b4cij4efb4dcj4egj4efe #ad #bf1jjjb4cfj4ejb4cfj4dhj4dijbf1jjj #b4ddj4fab4dhj4fbj4fae #ae #bh1jjjb4djj4edb4cij4eaj4ebebh1jjj #b4dij4ffb4ecj4fgj4fhe #af #cj1jjjb4dcj4egb4ddj4efj4efecj1jjj #b4eej4gbb4ehj4gbj4gbj #ag #cb1jjjb4dhj4fbb4dhj4fjj4fajcb1jjj #b4faj4ghb4fej4gij4ghe #ah #cd1jjjb4ebj4fhb4ecj4fej4feecd1jjj;,b#b4 fhj4heb4gjj4hdj4hde #ai #cf1jjjb4efj4gjb4efj4fhj4fijcf1jjj #b4gdj4iab4ghj4ibj4iae #bj #ch1jjjb4faj4geb4fbj4gdj4gdech1jjj ,broke4 #ba #dj1jjjb4fej4gib4fgj4gij4gij #bb #db1jjjb4gjj4hdb4gcj4hej4hde #bc #dd1jjjb4gej4hib4ggj4hij4hij #cg1ejj lb41 ,fir/ ,crack2 #de1ijj lb41 ,fail$4 ,at ,ela/ic ,limit3 ,load1 #bb1jjj lb42 ,at ,ela/ic ,limit3 ,load1 #bj1jjj lb42 deflection1 #j4da 942 deflection1 #j4dfe 942 ,s1 #b1ige lb4 ,s1 #b1ige lb4 ,maximum3 ,load1 #de1ijj lb42 ,maximum3 ,load1 #ch1jjj lb42 deflection1444442 deflection1444442 ,s1 #f1bji lb4 ,s1 #e1edj lb4 ,e #a1ege1jjj lb4 ,e #a1chc1jjj lb4 ,footnote ,b3 ,fir/ crack4 ,,table #d4--7;,cont9u$47--,,load ,,& ,,deflection ,,log4 ,,beam ,,ii4 ,columns 9 table3 ,a3 ,load1 9 p\nds4 ,b3 ,read+4 ,c3 ,total deflection4 ,d3 ,mean total deflection4 ,date3 ,febru>y #bj?1 #aiji4 ,date3 -- l #ab ft42 l #ab ft42 b 7mean7 #f4ch 942 b 7mean7 #f4da 942 h 7mean7 #ae4ha 942 h 7mean7 #af4da 942 c #g4ia 94 c #h4bj 94 ,"t #dg4e m94 ,p ,,deflection1 ,,9 ,,in*es4 ,p ,,deflection1 ,,9 ,,in*es4 ,no4------------------------------------ --------------------- ,a ,b ,c ,b ,c ,d ,a ,b ,c ,b ,c ,d ---------------------------------------- -------------------- #a #j #a4fe #j #a4fh #j #j #j #a4hf #j #a4hg #j #j #b #b1jjja4fij4jda4gbj4jdj4jdj #b1jjj #a4iaj4jea4ibj4jej4je #c #d1jjja4gcj4jha4ggj4jij4jhe #d1jjj #a4ihj4aba4ihj4aaj4aae #d #f1jjja4gfj4aaa4hjj4abj4aae #f1jjj #b4jej4aib4jbj4aej4agj #e #h1jjja4hjj4aea4hcj4aej4aej #h1jjj #b4jgj4bab4jhj4baj4baj #f #aj1jjja4hcj4aha4hfj4ahj4ahjaj1jjj #b4acj4bgb4acj4bfj4bfe #g #ab1jjja4hgj4bba4ijj4bbj4bbjab1jjj #b4ahj4cbb4ahj4caj4cae #h #ad1jjja4iaj4bfa4idj4bfj4bfjad1jjj #b4bej4cib4bdj4cgj4chj #i #af1jjja4iej4cja4ihj4cjj4cjjaf1jjj #b4cjj4ddb4bij4dbj4dcj #aj #ah1jjja4ihj4ccb4jbj4cdj4cceah1jjj;,c#b4 cej4dib4cej4dhj4dhe #aa #bj1jjjb4jcj4chb4jfj4chj4chjbj1jjj #b4ddj4ehb4dbj4eej4efe #ab #bb1jjjb4jgj4dbb4ajj4dbj4dbjbb1jjj #b4edj4fhb4edj4fgj4fge #ac #bd1jjjb4aaj4dfb4adj4dfj4dfjbe1jdj ,fail$ #ad #bf1jjjb4aej4ejb4ahj4ejj4ejj #ae #bh1jjjb4ahj4ecb4bbj4edj4ece #af #cj1jjjb4bcj4ehb4bfj4ehj4ehj #ag #cb1jjjb4bgj4fbb4cjj4fbj4fbj #ah #cd1jjjb4cbj4fgb4cej4fgj4fgj #ai #cf1jjjb4cgj4gbb4djj4gbj4gbj #bj #ch1jjjb4dbj4ggb4dej4ggj4ggj #ba #dj1jjjb4dhj4hcb4ejj4hbj4hbe #bb #db1jjjb4ecj4hhb4efj4hhj4hhj #bc #dc1dej ,fracture4 #bd #de1gaj ,fail$4 ,at ,ela/ic ,limit3 ,load1 #bj1jjj lb42 ,at ,ela/ic ,limit3 ,load1 #af1jjj lb42 deflection1 #j4ch 942 deflection1 #j4dc 942 ,s1 #b1gbb lb4 ,s1 #a1iii lb4 ,maximum3 ,load1 #dc1dej lb42 ,maximum3 ,load1 #be1jdj lb42 deflection1444442 deflection1444442 ,s1 #e1iah lb4 ,s1 #c1acj lb4 ,e #a1efb1jjj lb4 ,e #igi1jjj lb4 ,footnote ,c3 ,fir/ crack4 ,,table #d4--7;,cont9u$47--,,load ,,& ,,deflection ,,log4 ,,beam ,,iii4 ,columns 9 table3 ,a3 ,load1 9 p\nds4 ,b3 ,read+4 ,c3 ,total deflection4 ,d3 ,mean total deflection4 ,date3 ,febru>y #ac?1 #aiji4 ,date3 -- l #ab ft42 l #ab ft42 b 7mean7 #e4hh 942 b 7mean7 #e4hh 942 h 7mean7 #ae4fc 942 h 7mean7 #ae4i 942 c #g4hb 94 c #g4ie 94 ,"t #de m94 ,p ,,deflection1 ,,9 ,,in*es4 ,p ,,deflection1 ,,9 ,,in*es4 ,no4------------------------------------ --------------------- ,a ,b ,c ,b ,c ,d ,a ,b ,c ,b ,c ,d ---------------------------------------- -------------------- #a #j #a4bc #j #a4jf #j #j #j #a4fg #j #a4fc #j #j #b #b1jjja4bg 4#jda4ajj4jdj4jdj #b1jjj #a4gjj4jca4fhj4jej4jdj #c #d1jjja4cbj4jia4acj4jgj4jhj #d1jjj #a4gbj4jea4gbj4jij4jgj #d #f1jjja4cgj4ada4agj4aaj4abe #f1jjj #a4hbj4aea4ghj4aej4aej #e #h1jjja4dbj4aia4bbj4afj4age #h1jjj #a4hfj4aia4hbj4aij4aij #f #aj1jjja4dgj4bda4bfj4bjj4bbjaj1jjj #a4ijj4bca4hgj4bdj4bce #g #ab1jjja4eaj4bha4caj4bej4bfeab1jjj #a4igj4cja4ibj4bij4bie #h #ad1jjja4eej4cba4cej4bij4cjead1jjj #b4jjj4cca4ihj4cej4cdj #i #af1jjja4fjj4cga4djj4cdj4ceeaf1jjj #b4jcj4cfb4jdj4daj4che #aj #ah1jjja4fdj4daa4ddj4chj4cieah1jjj #b4ajj4dcb4jij4dfj4dde #aa #bj1jjja4fhj4dea4dij4dcj4ddjbj1jjj #b4acj4dfb4adj4eaj4dhe #ab #bb1jjja4gbj4dia4edj4dhj4dhebb1jjj #b4bjj4ecb4bjj4egj4eej #ac #bd1jjja4ghj4eea4ehj4ebj4ecebd1jjj #b4bfj4eib4bfj4fcj4faj #ad #bf1jjja4hbj4eia4fdj4ehj4ehebf1jjj #b4caj4fdb4cbj4fij4ffe #ae #bh1jjja4hhj4fea4fhj4fbj4fcebh1jjj #b4chj4gab4djj4ggj4gdj #af #cj1jjja4ibj4fia4gcj4fgj4fhjcj1jjj #b4dbj4geb4dgj4hdj4gie #ag #cb1jjja4igj4gda4gij4gcj4gcecb1jjj #b4dij4hbb4eej4ibj4hgj #ah #cd1jjjb4jbj4gia4hej4gij4gijcd1jjj #b4ehj4iab4fbj4iij4iej #ai #cf1jjjb4jgj4hda4ijj4hdj4hdj #bj #ch1jjjb4acj4ija4igj4iaj4iae #ba #dj1jjjb4bjj4igb4jcj4igj4igj #bb #db1jjjb4bga4jdb4aaa4jea4jde #bc #dd1jjjb4cga4adb4baa4aea4ade #ci1ajj lb4 ,fir/ ,crack2 #bb1jjj lb4 ,fir/ ,crack2 #de1acj lb4 ,fail$4 #ce1aij lb4 ,fail$4 ,at ,ela/ic ,limit3 ,load1 #bd1jjj lb42 ,at ,ela/ic ,limit3 ,load1 #ba1jjj lb42 deflection1 #j4ece 942 deflection1 #j4eae 942 ,s #c1fjh lb4 ,s1 #c1jed lb4 ,maximum3 ,load1 #de1acj lb42 ,maximum3 ,load1 #ce1aij lb42 deflection1444442 deflection1444442 ,s #f1ghe lb4 ,s #e1abj lb4 ,e #a1dhi1jjj lb4 ,e #a1bhh1jjj lb4 ,,table #d4--7;,cont9u$47--,,load ,,& ,,deflection ,,log4 ,,beam ,,iv4 ,columns 9 table3 ,a3 ,load1 9 p\nds4 ,b3 ,read+4 ,c3 ,total deflection4 ,d3 ,mean total deflection4 ,date3 ,febru>y #af?1 #aiji4 ,date3 ,febru>y #aj?1 #aiji4 l #ab ft42 l #ab ft42 b 7mean7 #f4j 942 b 7mean7 #f4ab 942 h 7mean7 #ae4dc 942 h 7mean7 #ae4hg 942 c #g4ga 94 c #g4ic 94 ,"t #cj m94 ,p ,,deflection1 ,,9 ,,in*es4 ,p ,,deflection1 ,,9 ,,in*es4 ,no4------------------------------------ --------------------- ,a ,b ,c ,b ,c ,d ,a ,b ,c ,b ,c ,d ---------------------------------------- -------------------- #a #j #b4bh #j #b4je #j #j #j #a4dd #j #a4eh #j #j #b #b1jjjb4caj4jcb4ajj4jej4jdj #b1jjj #a4ejj4jfa4fdj4jfj4jf #c #d1jjjb1cdj4jfb4adj4jij4jge #d1jjj #a4eej4aaa4gjj4abj4aae #d #f1jjjb4djj4abb4aij4adj4acj #f1jjj #a4fbj4aha4gfj4ahj4ahj #e #h1jjjb4dcj4aeb4bcj4ahj4afe #h1jjj #a4fhj4bda4hbj4bdj4bdj #f #aj1jjjb4dgj4aib4bhj4bcj4bajaj1jjj #a4gbj4bha4hij4caj4bie #g #ab1jjjb4eaj4bcb4cbj4bgj4bejab1jjj #a4hjj4cfa4idj4cfj4cfj #h #ad1jjjb4edj4bfb4cgj4cbj4bijad1jjj #a4hej4dab4jjj4dbj4dae #i #af1jjjb4eij4cab4daj4cfj4cceaf1jjj #a4ijj4dfb4jfj4dhj4dgj #aj #ah1jjjb4fbj4cdb4dej4djj4cgjah1jjj #a4ihj4edb4acj4eej4ede #aa #bj1jjjb4fhj4djb4ejj4dej4dbebj1jjj #b4jcj4eib4aij4faj4fjj #ab #bb1jjjb4gbj4ddb4edj4dij4dfebb1jjj #b4jij4feb4bej4fgj4ffj #ac #bd1jjjb4ghj4ejb4fjj4eej4ebebd1jjj #b4aej4gab4ccj4gej4gcj #ad #bf1jjjb4hbj4edb4fej4fjj4egjbf1jjj #b4bcj4gib4dbj4hdj4hae #ae #bh1jjjb4hgj4eib4fij4fdj4faebh1jjj #b4cbj4hhb4dij4iaj4hie #af #cj1jjjb4iaj4fcb4gdj4fij4ffjcj1jjj #b4dbj4ihb4fba4jda4jaj #ag #cb1jjjb4igj4fib4ghj4gcj4gajcb1jjj #b4efa4abb4gda4afa4adj #ah #cd1jjjc4jaj4gcb4hej4hjj4gfecd1jjj #b4fga4bcb4hga4bia4bfe #ai #cf1jjjc4jgj4gib4ijj4hej4hbj #bj #ch1jjjc4adj4hfb4ihj4icj4hie #cd1jjj lb4 ,fir/ ,crack2 #bh1cfj lb4 ,crack$2 #ch1dbe lb4 ,fail$4 #ce1ejj lb1 ,fail$4 ,at ,ela/ic ,limit3 ,load1 #bb1jjj lb42 ,at ,ela/ic ,limit3 ,load1 #bb1jjj lb42 deflection1 #j4dfe 942 deflection1 #j4ff 942 ,s #c1cbj lb4 ,s1 #c1jij lb4 ,maximum3 ,load1 #ch1dbe lb42 ,maximum3 ,load1 #ce1ejj lb42 deflection1444442 deflection1444442 ,s #e1haj lb4 ,s #d1ihc lb4 ,e #a1fja1jjj lb4 ,e #a1jag1jjj lb4 ,,table #d4--7;,cont9u$47--,,load ,,& ,,deflection ,,log4 ,,beam ,v4 ,columns 9 table3 ,a3 ,load1 9 p\nds4 ,b3 ,read+4 ,c3 ,total deflection4 ,d3 ,mean total deflection4 ,date3 -- ,date3 ,febru>y #bg?1 #aiji4 l #ab ft42 l #ab ft42 b 7mean7 #f 942 b 7mean7 #f 942 h 7mean7 #af 942 h 7mean7 #ae4hg 942 c #h 94 c #g4id 94 ,"t #dj m94 ,p ,,deflection1 ,,9 ,,in*es4 ,p ,,deflection1 ,,9 ,,in*es4 ,no4------------------------------------ --------------------- ,a ,b ,c ,b ,c ,d ,a ,b ,c ,b ,c ,d ---------------------------------------- -------------------- #a #j #a4ig #j #a4cg #j #j #j #a4ca #j #a4be #j #j #b #b1jjjb4jaj4jda4djj4jcj4jce #b1jjj #a4cgj4jfa4caj4jfj4jf #c #d1jjjb4jfj4jia4dcj4jfj4jge #d1jjj #a4daj4ajj4cfj4aaj4aje #d #f1jjjb4jhj4aaa4dgj4ajj4aje #f1jjj #a4dfj4aej4djj4aej4aej #e #h1jjjb4aaj4ada4ejj4acj4ace #h1jjj #a4dij4ahj4dej4bjj4aij #f #aj1jjjb4afj4aia4edj4agj4ahjaj1jjj #a4edj4bca4dij4bdj4bce #g #ab1jjjb4aij4bba4egj4bjj4bajab1jjj #a4ehj4bga4ecj4bhj4bge #h #ad1jjjb4bbj4bea4faj4bdj4bdead1jjj #a4fbj4caa4egj4cbj4cae #i #af1jjjb4bej4bha4fej4bhj4bhjaf1jjj #a4fhj4cga4fej4djj4che #aj #ah1jjjb4bij4cba1fij4cbj4cbjah1jjj #a4ghj4daa4gaj4dfj4dce #aa #bj1jjjb4cbj4cea4gcj4cfj4ceebj1jjj #a4iij4fha4igj4gbj4gjj #ab #bb1jjjb4cfj4cia4ghj4daj4djj #ac #bd1jjjb4cij4dba4hcj4dfj4ddj #ad #bf1jjjb4dbj4dea4hej4dhj4dfe #ae #bh1jjjb4dgj4eja4ijj4ecj4eae #af #cj1jjjb4ejj4eca4iej4ehj4efe #ag #cb1jjjb4edj4ega4iij4fbj4eie #ah #cd1jjjb4eij4fbb4jdj4fgj4fde #ai #cf1jjjb4fcj4ffb4jij4gbj4fij #bj #ch1jjjb4fhj4gab4agj4hjj4gee #ba #dj1jjjb4gcj4gfb4baj4hdj4hjj #bb #db1jjjb4hjj4hcb4cjj4icj4hhj #bc #dd1jjjb4ijj4icb4dja4jcj4ihj #be1jjj lb4 ,slight ,crack2 #bj1jjj lb4 ,fir/ ,crack2 #dg1jjj lb4 ,fail$4 #bb1jej lb4 ,fail$4 ,at ,ela/ic ,limit3 ,load1 #bb1jjj lb42 ,at ,ela/ic ,limit3 ,load1 #ad1jjj lb42 deflection1 #j4dj 942 deflection1 #j4cae 942 ,s1 #c1jij lb4 ,s1 #a1iih lb4 ,maximum3 ,load1 #dg1jjj lb42 ,maximum3 ,load1 #bb1jej lb42 deflection144444442 deflection144444442 ,s1 #f1faj lb4 ,s1 #c1ade lb4 ,e #a1fgj1jjj lb4 ,e #a1chb1jjj lb4 ,,table #d4--7;,cont9u$47--,,load ,,& ,,deflection ,,log4 ,,beam ,,vi4 ,columns 9 table3 ,a3 ,load1 9 p\nds4 ,b3 ,read+4 ,c3 ,total deflection4 ,d3 ,mean total deflection4 ,date3 ,febru>y #ab?1 #aiji4 ,date3 ,febru>y #ac?1 #aiji4 l #ab ft42 l #ab ft42 b 7mean7 #e4e 942 b 7mean7 #e4hg 942 h 7mean7 #ae4ge 942 h 7mean7 #ae4fb 942 c #g4hh 94 c #g4ha 94 ,"t #dj m94 ,p ,,deflection1 ,,9 ,,in*es4 ,p ,,deflection1 ,,9 ,,in*es4 ,no4------------------------------------ --------------------- ,a ,b ,c ,b ,c ,d ,a ,b ,c ,b ,c ,d ---------------------------------------- -------------------- #a #j #a4bb #j #a4cj #j #j #j #a4bh #j #a4cj #j #j #b #b1jjja4bfj4jda4cdj4jdj4jd #b1jjj #a4cjj4jba4cej4jej4jce #c #d1jjja4bij4jga4chj4jhj4jge #d1jjj #a4cfj4jha4cij4jij4jhe #d #f1jjja4ccj4aaa4dbj4abj4aae #f1jjj #a4djj4aba4ddj4adj4acj #e #h1jjja4cgj4aea4dgj4agj4afj #h1jjj #a4dcj4aea4dgj4agj4afj #f #aj1jjja4dbj4bja4eaj4baj4bjeaj1jjj #a4dgj4aia4eaj4baj4bjj #g #ab1jjja4dej4bca4eej4bej4bdjab1jjj #a4eaj4bca4efj4bfj4bde #h #ad1jjja4ejj4bha4eij4bij4bhead1jjj #a4eej4bga4fjj4cjj4bhe #i #af1jjja4edj4cba4fcj4ccj4cbeaf1jjj #a4eij4caa4fdj4cdj4cbe #aj #ah1jjja4ehj4cfa4fhj4chj4cgjah1jjj #a4fbj4cda4fij4cij4cfe #aa #bj1jjja4faj4cia4gbj4dbj4djebj1jjj #a4ffj4cha4gdj4ddj4daj #ab #bb1jjja4ffj4dda4gfj4dfj4dejbb1jjj #a4gaj4dca4hjj4ejj4dfe #ac #bd1jjja4haj4eia4haj4eaj4eejbd1jjj #a4ggj4dia4hdj4edj4eae #ad #bf1jjja4hfj4fda4hfj4efj4fjjbf1jjj #a4hcj4eea4ijj4fjj4ege #ae #bh1jjja4iaj4fia4iaj4faj4fejbh1jjj #a4ijj4fba4igj4fgj4fde #af #cj1jjja4ifj4gda4ifj4ffj4gjjcj1jjj #a4igj4fib4jbj4gbj4gje #ag #cb1jjjb4jjj4ghb4jbj4gbj4gejcb1jjj #b4abj4hdb4ajj4hjj4hbj #ah #cd1jjjb4jdj4hbb4aaj4haj4haecd1jjj #b4bjj4ibb4afj4hfj4hhe #ai #cf1jjjb4ajj4hhb4bjj4ijj4hijcf1jjj #b4bia4jab4bdj4idj4ige #bj #ch1jjjb4afj4idb4bej4iej4idech1jjj #b4cia4aab4cba4jba4jfe #ba #dj1jjjb4bha4jfb4cha4jha4jgj #bb #db1jjjb4cha4afb4dba4aba4adj #bc #dd1jjjb4dda4bbb4eba4bba4bbj #bd #df1jjjb4eca4cab4fja4cja4cje #be #dh1jjjb4ffa4ddb4gaa4daa4dbe #bf #ej1jjjb4gha4efb4hga4ega4efe #cc1jjj lb41 ,fir/ ,crack2 #bd1jjj lb41 ,fir/ ,crack2 #ea1ccj lb41 ,fail$4 #dd1jjj lb41 ,fail$4 ,at ,ela/ic ,limit3 ,load1 #bb1jjj lb42 ,at ,ela/ic ,limit3 ,load1 #bj1jjj lb42 deflection1 #j4de 942 deflection1 #j4da 942 ,s1 #c1dhd lb4 ,s1 #c1jah lb4 ,maximum3 ,load1 #ea1ccj lb42 ,maximum3 ,load1 #dd1jjj lb42 deflection1444442 deflection1444442 ,s1 #h1ibe lb4 ,s1 #f1fbg lb4 ,e #a1fie1jjj lb4 ,e #a1fbe1jjj lb4 ,,table #d4--7;,cont9u$47--,,load ,,& ,,deflection ,,log4 ,,beam ,,vii4 ,columns 9 table3 ,a3 ,load1 9 p\nds4 ,b3 ,read+4 ,c3 ,total deflection4 ,d3 ,mean total deflection4 ,date3 ,m>* #b;d1 #aiji4 ,date3 ,febru>y #bj?1 #aiji4 l #ab ft42 l #ab ft42 b 7mean7 #f4ef 942 b 7mean7 #f4bb 942 h 7mean7 #ae4fb 942 h 7mean7 #ae4fb 942 c #g4ha 94 c #g4ha 94 ,"t #a hr4 ,"t #cc m94 ,p ,,deflection1 ,,9 ,,in*es4 ,p ,,deflection1 ,,9 ,,in*es4 ,no4------------------------------------ --------------------- ,a ,b ,c ,b ,c ,d ,a ,b ,c ,b ,c ,d ---------------------------------------- -------------------- #a #j #a4hd #j #a4ga #j #j #j #a4fi #j #a4gc #j #j #b #b1jjja4hhj4jda4gdj4jcj4jce #b1jjj #a4gbj4jca4ggj4jdj4jce #c #d1jjja4ibj4jha4gij4jhj4jhj #d1jjj #a4gfj4jga4hjj4jgj4jgj #d #f1jjja4ifj4aba4haj4ajj4aaj #f1jjj #a4hjj4aaa4hdj4aaj4aaj #e #h1jjjb4jjj4afa4hej4adj4aej #h1jjj #a4hdj4aea4hgj4adj4ade #f #aj1jjjb4jcj4aia4hij4ahj4aheaj1jjj #a4hhj4aia4ibj4aij4aij #g #ab1jjjb4jfj4bba4icj4bbj4bbjab1jjj #a4iaj4bba4iej4bbj4bbj #h #ad1jjjb4aaj4bga4iej4bdj4beead1jjj #a4iej4bfb4jjj4bgj4bfe #i #af1jjjb4adj4cja4iij4bhj4bijaf1jjj #a4iij4cjb4jcj4cjj4cjj #aj #ah1jjjb4ahj4cdb4jcj4cbj4ccjah1jjj #b4jcj4cdb4jfj4ccj4cce #aa #bj1jjjb4bbj4chb4jej4cdj4cfjbj1jjj #b4jgj4chb4aaj4chj4chj #ab #bb1jjjb4bej4dab4ajj4cij4djjbb1jjj #b4aaj4dbb4afj4dcj4dbe #ac #bd1jjjb4bij4deb4acj4dbj4dcebd1jjj #b4aej4dfb4bjj4dgj4dfe #ad #bf1jjjb4cbj4dhb4agj4dfj4dgjbf1jjj #b4aij4ejb4bdj4eaj4eje #ae #bh1jjjb4cfj4ebb4baj4ejj4eajbh1jjj #b4bcj4edb4bhj4eej4ede #af #cj1jjjb4djj4efb4bej4edj4eejcj1jjj #b4bgj4ehb4ccj4fjj4eij #ag #cb1jjjb4dcj4eib4bij4ehj4ehecb1jjj #b4cbj4fcb4cgj4fdj4fce #ah #cd1jjjb4dgj4fcb4cbj4faj4fbjcd1jjj #b4cfj4fgb4dbj4fij4fhj #ai #cf1jjjb4eaj4fgb4cgj4ffj4ffecf1jjj #bj #ch1jjjb4efj4gbb4daj4gjj4gaj #bg1jjj lb41 ,fir/ ,crack2 #bh1jjj lb41 ,fir/ ,crack2 #ea1ijj lb41 ,fail$4 #di1jjj lb41 ,fail$4 ,at ,ela/ic ,limit3 ,load1 #cd1jjj lb42 ,at ,ela/ic ,limit3 ,load1 #bj1jjj lb42 deflection1 #j4fb 942 deflection1 #j4ch 942 ,s1 #d1ehj lb4 ,s1 #b1hde lb4 ,maximum3 ,load1 #ea1ijj lb42 ,maximum3 ,load1 #di1jjj lb42 deflection1444442 deflection1444442 ,s1 #f1ihe lb4 ,s1 #f1igj lb4 ,e #a1fcg1jjj lb4 ,e #a1feh1jjj lb4