,,essays  ,,by  ,,john1 ,,?ird ,,m>quess
 ,,( ,,bute4   ,,br5dan',s ,,fabul\s    
,,voyage4  ,a ,,lecture ,,deliv]$ ,,on  
,,janu>y #ai1 #ahic1 ,,be=e ,,!         
,,scotti% ,,society ,,( ,,lit]ature ,,& 
,,art4  ,new ,edition4  #aiaa4     ,,ii4
  ,x has be5 ?\ght desirable to repr9t !
 ,essays & o!r %ort ,works ( ! late     
,m>quess ( ,bute 9 an inexp5sive =m     
likely to be useful to ! g5]al read]1 & 
!reby to make !m m widely kn[n4 ,%\ld   
?is1 ! second ( ! propos$ s]ies1 prove  
acceptable1 x w be foll[$ by o!rs at    
%ort int]vals4     ,,br5dan',s ,,fabul\s
 ,,voyage4  ,a ,lecture deliv]$ on      
,janu>y #ai1 #ahic1 be=e ! ,scotti%     
,society ( ,lit]ature & ,art4   ,br5dan1
 ! son ( ,f9nlogh ,o' ,alta1 0 born at  
,tralee 9 ,k]ry1 9 ! ye> #dha or #dhb4a 
,he _h a p$igree :i* connect$ him ) !   
rul]s ( ,irel&1 & ?us p]haps secur$ =   
him a social prom95ce :i* he w\ld n     
o!rwise h enjoy$4 ,nature seems to h    
end[$ him ) an highly wr\ght & s5sitive 
temp]am5t4 ,putt+ aside altoge!r !      

idealism :i* caus$ him1 l s _m o!rs ( 8 
"t & race1 to give himself to ! ,*ur*1  
he display$ ?r\gh\t life a re/lessness  
:i* l$ him to con/ant j\rneys1 sometimes
 ( ! nature ( migrations1 & ! con/ant   
inception ( projects to :i* he did n    
cont9ue long to adh]e2 & 9 ! /atem5ts   
ab\t him !re are elem5ts f :i* ,i       
conjecture t he 0 probably ( ! class (  
p]sons :o furni% good subjects =        
hypnotic exp]im5ts4 ,:5 he 0 a ye> old  
he 0 h&$ ov] to ! c>e ( ! nun ,ita1 :5  
%e dwelt at ! foot ( ,m\nt ,lua*ra4 ,)  
h] he rema9$ until he 0 sev5 ye>s old1  
:5 %e s5t him to ,bi%op ,erc1 by :om he 
_h be5 baptiz$1 b dur+ ! :ole ( h] life1
 :i* la/$ ne>ly z long z 8 own1 he nev] 
ceas$ to reg>d & to treat h] ) all !    
affectionate rev]5ce ( a son4 ,8        
education 0 cont9u$ "u ,erc1 until he   
grew t[>ds manhood1 :5 he visit$ o!r    
p>ts ( ,irel& = ! sake ( /udy1 b x 0 to 
,erc t he return$ to be orda9$ to !     
,presbyt]ate4 ,at t p]iod !re 0 a sort (
 passion among ! ,celtic cl]gy = retir+ 

into des]ts aft] ! mann] ( ! monks &    
h]mits ( ,egypt1 & ! isl&s ( ! ,we/]n & 
,nor!rn ocean1 if !y c\ld %[ no?+ l !   
burn+ s&s ( ,africa1 suppli$ des]ts     
en\gh ( a diff]5t sort4 ,x 0 only 9     
accordance !n ) a common cu/om ( 8 day1 
t ,br5dan1 aft] 8 ord9ation1 set out by 
sea ) a few companions1 to f9d a place  
:]e to f\nd a mona/]y4 ,x is to be      
rem>k$ also t ?is 0 j ab\t ! "t ( !     
migration ( ! ,royal ,race ( ! ,dalriads
 to ! c\ntry :i* has ultimately receiv$ 
f !m ! "n ( ,scotl&1 & ! project !re=e  
be>s a /rong resemblance to t 9 :i*     
,columba succe$$ ab\t #fj ye>s lat]4 ,if
 ,br5dan _h n fail$1 p]haps ,columba    
w\ld n h come4 ,! w&]+s or explorations 
( ,br5dan & 8 companions appe> to h la/$
 sev]al ye>s1 dur+ :i* x may be presum$ 
t !y 7 9 ! habit ( lay+ up some:]e = !  
w9t]4 ,x 0 d\btless p>tly ow+ to !      
re/lessness :i* 0 a "p ( 8 nature1 t he 
f9ally settl$ n[h]e1 & return$ to       
,irel&4  ,footnote #a3 ,reeve's         
,adamnan1 #bba4  ,9 ,irel& he did a good

 deal ( "w1 b ,ita urg$ him to try & d  
good else:]e1 & he w5t ov] ) "s ( 8     
fri5ds to ,brita91 possibly 9 connection
 ) movem5ts affect$ by ! c>e] ( !       
hi/oric ,ar?ur1 :o 0 kill$ at ,camlan or
 ,camelon 9 #ecg4 ,! ,*ri/ian ,iri% at t
 "t c]ta9ly made endeav\rs to assi/ !   
,*ri/ian p>ty among ! ,britons4 ,! nun  
,edana 0 mak+ h] attempts1 ei!r 9 p]son 
or by h] disciples1 to f\nd h] girls'   
s*ools 9 ! s\? ( ,scotl&1 & x is n      
impossible t ,ita ?\ght t %e might also 
accompli% "s good by s5d+ =? a male     
emiss>y4 ,9 connection ) ,br5dan's      
soj\rn 9 ,brita91 !re is a mo/ curi\s   
m5tion ( ! use ( a ,greek ,liturgy      
some:]e 9 ! ,briti% ,*ur*4 ,!re is a    
/atem5t t ,br5dan 0 at ! head ( !       
celebrat$ ,wel% mona/]y ( ,llanc>fan4   
,he also w5t ov] to ,brittany to see    
,gildas ! ,wise1 :o 0 bewail+ ! woes ( 8
 native l& on ! %ores ( ! ,morbihan4 ,he
 ultimately return$ to ! ,we/]n ,isl&s1 
& !re succe$$ at la/ 9 f\nd+ two mona/ic
 settlem5ts1 "o 9 ,tiree1 at a place :i*

 ! writ]s call ,bl$ua1 & "o 9 an isl&   
call$ ,aile*1 :i* x seems to me may     
possibly mean ,islay4 ,!n he w5t back to
 ,irel&1 & />t$ ano!r mona/]y 9 a des]t 
isl& 9 ,lo* ,oisbs51 :i* 0 giv5 to him  
by ,a$h1 ! son ( ,e?da*4 ,h5ce1 h[ev]1  
he aga9 mov$ 9 #eei1 & f\nd$ ! great    
mona/]y ( ,clonf]t1 an act :i* is !     
pr9cipal a*ievem5t ( 8 life4  ,he 0     
fri5dly ) ! pr9cipal p]sons ( 8 own     
race1 "t1 & class4 ,he seems1 z ,i h    
said1 to h possess$ ! peculi> temp]am5t1
 :i* "s call s5sitive & o!rs m$iumi/ic1 
& :i* leads to ! ph5om5on g5]ally kn[n z
 second-sight1 =1 putt+ aside all o!r   
records ab\t him :i* po9t 9 ! same      
direction1 x is record$ ( him1 n only by
 ,adamnan1 b also by ,cuim9e ! ,fair1 t 
on "o occasion :5 he came ov]1 along )  
,comgall ( ,b5*or1 ,k5ne? ( ,aghaboe1 & 
,cormac o' ,lea?a9 ( ,durr[1 to visit   
,columba1 :o 0 !n /ay+ 9 ,himba 7,eilean
 na ,naoimh1 "o ( ! ,g>velo* isl&s1 ly+ 
betwe5 ,sc>ba & ,mull71 & ,columba at _!
 reque/ celebrat$ be=e !m on ! ,sunday1 

he aft]w>ds told ,comgall & ,k5ne? t    
dur+ "p ( ! c]emony ,columba _h seem$ to
 him to be /&+ at ! bottom ( a pill> (  
fire /ream+ heav5w>ds4  ,he liv$ to an  
extreme old age1 & 0 9 8 #if? ye> :5 !  
end came4 ,:5 he felt t x 0 at h&1 he   
w5t to see 8 si/] ,briga1 & ,i quote !  
s5t5ces :i* foll[1 on acc\nt ( ! qua9t  
naturalism :i* inspires !m4 ',among o!r 
?+s1 he taught h] conc]n+ ! place ( h]  
resurrection4 ,n "h1 sai? he unto h]1   
%alt ?\ rise aga91 b 9 ?9e own l&1 t is 
9 ,tralee4 ,!re=e1 g ?\ ?i!r1 = t p w   
obta9 ! m]cy ( ,god by ?y means4 ,?is is
 a place ( m51 n ( wom54 ,n[ is ,god    
call+ me unto ,himself out ( ! prison   
h\se ( ?is body4 ,:5 %e he>d t1 %e 0    
griev\sly afflict$1 & said1 ,fa!r       
belov$1 we %all all die at ?y dea?4 ,=  
:i* ( u c\ld live :5 ?\ wa/ abs5t liv+8 
,mu* less1 :5 ?\ art dead4 ,br5dan said 
f>!r1 ,on ! ?ird day h5ce1 ,i %all g !  
way ( my fa!rs4 ,n[ t day 0 ! ,"l's     
,day4 ,!reon1 aft] ! sacram5ts ( ! alt> 
_h be5 (f]$1 he sai? to !m t /ood by1 ,9

 y\r supplications1 comm5d my go+ =?4 ,&
 ,briga speake? & sai?1 ,fa!r1 :at fe>e/
 ?\8 ,he sai?1 ,i fe> t ,i %all j\rney  
alone1 t ! way w be d>k--,i fe> ! unkn[n
 c\ntry1 ! pres5ce ( ! ,k+1 ! s5t5ce ( !
 ,judge4 ,aft] ^! ?+s he comm&$ ! bre?r5
 to c>ry 8 body to ! mona/]y ( ,clonf]t 
secretly1 le/1 if !y did x op5ly1 x %\ld
 be kept by !m among :om !y %\ld pass4  
,!n :5 he _h kiss$ !m all "o by "o1 he  
sai? unto holy ,briga1 ,salute my fri5ds
 on my behalf1 & say unto !m to bew>e ( 
evil speak+1 ev5 :5 x is true1 h[ mu* ! 
m :5 x is false4 ,:5 he _h s spok5 &    
=etold h[ "s ?+s w\ld be 9 "t to come1  
he pass$ into ev]la/+ re/1 9 ! #if? ye> 
( 8 age4' ,he di$1 ,may #af1 #egg4  ,by 
comb9+ ) all ! collect$ & cr$ible       
/atem5ts conc]n+ him illu/rative matt] f
 ! hi/ory ( 8 times & ! biographies ( 8 
contempor>ies1 x w\ld no d\bt be        
possible to write a life ( ,br5dan1 :i* 
w\ld be bo? ( consid]able bulk & (      
consid]able int]e/4 ,b !re w\ld be no?+ 
p>ticul>ly />tl+ or /rik+ ab\t x4 ,ap>t 

f ! int]e/ ( public ev5ts contempor>y ) 
8 long c>e]1 ! monoton\s v>iety produc$ 
by 8 vagabond nature1 & su* psy*ical    
int]e/ z might possibly atta* to /ories 
( 8 m$iumi/ic temp]am5t1 x w\ld be r    
hum-drum4 ,br5dan1 h[ev]1 has _h ! ill  
luck to be select$ by "s unkn[n anti5t  
,iri% noveli/ z ! h]o ( a romance ( !   
wilde/ k9d1 :i* has c]ta9ly spread 8 "n1
 if n 8 fame1 9 qu>t]s :i* 9 all 8      
travels he c\ld nev] h anticipat$4 ,ev5 
9 ! ,can>y ,isl&s1 ! natives apply ! t]m
 ',isla de ,san ,borondon' to a peculi> 
effect l mirage1 %[+ a %ad[y pres5tim5t 
( l&1 :i* is sometimes se5 (f _! coa/s4 
,8 "* z an h]o ( romance1 some:at ( !   
type ( ,s9bad ! ,sailor1 if n ( t (     
,gulliv]1 has ev5 injur$ him z a subject
 ( s]i\s /udy4 ,!re has be5 a sort (    
cu/om1 to :i* may be appli$ a celebrat$ 
phrase ( ,newman1 'ag$ b n v5]able1' (  
conf\nd+ ! h]o ( ! romance ) ! real man4
 ,x w\ld be j z prop] to id5tify ! h]o (
 ! ,pickwick ,pap]s ) a c]ta9 ,mr4      
,pickwick1 :om x 01 oddly en\gh1 ! duty 

( "o ( ,dick5s' sons to call z a witness
 9 an ,engli% law-suit n _m ye>s ago4   
,ev5 ,hom] sometimes nods--at lea/      
accord+ to ! critics1 ( ^: op9ion       
,lucian cr$its him ) s l[ an            
e/imation--& ! great ,boll&i/s _h _!    
hi/orical equanimity--mu* z exp]i5ce mu/
 h already taught x to be>--s upset by !
 brilliancy ( ! fable t !y h omitt$ to  
pr9t ! real life at all1 a life :i* is1 
at ! wor/1 no m />tl+ ?an a good _m )   
:i* !y h enri*$ _! pages--e4g41 ^? (    
,patrick1 ,brigid1 & ,columba--& aft] a 
d5unciation ( :at _! au?orities call !  
vana1 fictaque vel apocrypha deliram5ta1
 '! silly1 ly+1 or apocryphal rav+s1'   
simply proce$ to give a compilation (   
isolat$ notices drawn f a v>iety (      
diff]5t s\rces4  ,pr(4 ,o',curry1 9 8   
,lectures on ! ,,ms4 ,mat]ial ( ,anci5t 
,iri% ,hi/ory1 page #bhi1 m5tions f\r   
anci5t ,iri% romances 9 ! =m ( voyages1 
( :i* ! voyage ( ,br5dan is "o4 ,he     
gives an epitome ( t ( ! sons ( ,ua     
,corra1 :i* seems at lea/ 9 p>ts to be  

almo/ equally wild4 ,b t ( ,br5dan has  
c]ta9ly be5 ! mo/ popul>4 ,m4 ,a*ille   
,jub9al1 :o edit$ "o ,lat9 & two ,fr5*  
translations ( x1 says t x also exi/s 9 
,iri%1 ,wel%1 ,spani%1 ,engli%1 &       
,anglo-,norman4 ,! ,spani%1 ,engli%1 &  
,anglo-,norman ,i h nev] read1 & ( !    
,wel% ,i h nev] he>d4 ,( ! ,lat9 ,i once
 made a complete translation f ! ,lat9  
text publi%$ by ,jub9al1 b ,i h lo/ x1 &
 h _h to d ! "w aga9 s f> z necess>y = !
 pres5t lecture4 ,i rememb]1 h[ev]1 t f 
sev]al features1 ,i came to ! conclusion
 t ! ,lat9 text 0 a translation f ,iri%1
 & ! ,iri% text mu/ pres5t consid]able  
v>iants1 z ,dr4 ,todd 9 8 book on ,/4   
,patrick1 ,apo/le ( ,irel&1 page #dfj1  
cites f ',an ,iri% ,life ( ,/4 ,br5dan1'
 b :i* mu/ evid5tly be ! fabul\s voyage1
 f\r incid5ts1 ( :i* "o is ab\t ! f9d+ (
 a dead m]maid1 ano!r ab\t "o ( !       
voyag]s be+ dev\r$ alive by sea-cats1 & 
! ?ird ab\t an huge sea-cat z l>ge z an 
ox :i* swam aft] !m to de/roy !m1 until 
ano!r sea-mon/] rose up & f\ght ) ! cat1

 & bo? 7 dr[n$1 none ( :i* incid5ts     
occur 9 ! ,lat94 ,h[ev]1 to ! ,lat9     
v]sion my defective k mu/ conf9e me1 &  
!re is en\gh ( x = "o lecture1 & to     
sp>e4 ,i may1 h[ev]1 say t by ! ,lat9   
text ,i d n "h mean only ! text publi%$ 
by ,jub9al4 ,! pres5t ,boll&i/s 7 good  
en\gh1 "s ye>s ago1 to edit = me !      
',codex ,salmantic5sis1' :i* conta9s bo?
 ! romance & ! ,life1 & ,i f9d 9 !      
romance s]i\s div]g5ces f ! text giv5 by
 ,jub9al2 !y are ( a k9d :i*1 9 my      
judgm5t1 /amp x beyond all d\bt z a lat]
 & corrupt edition1 b ,i h l>gely comp>$
 ! texts1 al?\gh n ^w = ^w4  ,well1 ,i  
am n[ go+ to deal ) ! 'silly1 ly+1 or   
apocryphal rav+s4' ,! romance relates t 
on "o occasion :5 ,br5dan 0 9 a place   
call$ ! ,?icket1 !re came to him a man  
call$ ,b>9t ,o',neil1 ( ! race ( ,k+    
,neil ( ,,ix4 ,ho/ages4 ,?is man told   
him t 8 disciple ,m>nock _h left him1 & 
f\nd$ an h]mitage ( 8 own 9 an isl&     
call$ ,delight "s1 :i!r he himself      
aft]w>ds w5t to visit him4 ,:ile he 0   

!re1 !y 7 "o day toge!r ^u ! %ore1 :]e  
!re 0 a small boat1 & !n1 to translate !
 precise words1 'he said unto me1 ,fa!r1
 g up into ! %ip1 & let u sail we/w>d   
unto ! isl& :i* is call$ ! ,l& (        
,promise ( ! ,sa9ts1 :i* ,god w give    
unto !m t come aft] u 9 ! latt] "t4 ,we 
w5t up into ! %ip !re=e1 & cl\ds cov]$ u
 all r\nd ab\t u1 s t h>dly c\ld we see 
! /]n or ! pr[ ( ! %ip4 ,aft] ! space1 z
 x 71 ( "o h\r1 a great light %one r\nd 
ab\t u1 & !re appe>$ a l& wide & grassy1
 & v fruitful4 ,& :5 ! %ip 0 come to l&1
 we w5t out1 & began to g ab\t1 & to    
walk ?r\gh t l& = fifte5 days1 & we c\ld
 n f9d ! end !re(4 ,we saw !re no plant 
)\t a fl[]1 & no tree )\t fruit1 & all !
 /ones !re( are preci\s /ones4 ,& ^u !  
fifte5? day we f\nd a riv] runn+ f ! we/
 ea/w>d4 ,& :5 we consid]$ all ^! ?+s1  
we d\bt$ :at we %\ld d4 ,we 7 fa9 to    
pass ov] ! riv]1 b we wait$ = c\nsel f  
,god4 ,:ile we discuss$ ?us betwe5 u1 ( 
a sudd5 !re appe>$ be=e u a man 9 great 
brightness1 :o call$ u by our names &   

salut$ u1 say+1 ,x is well done1 good   
bre?r51 = ! ,"l ha? reveal$ unto y t l& 
:i* ,he w give unto 8 ,sa9ts4 ,= x is an
 half ( ! isl& up to ?is riv]2 b unto y 
x is n giv5 to pass ov]4 ,g back !re=e  
:5ce ye are come4 ,:5 he said ?us1 we   
ask$ him :5ce he 01 & by :at "n he 0    
call$4 ,& he said unto me1 ,:y do/ ?\   
ask me :5ce ,i am8 & by :at "n ,i am    
call$8 ,:y do/ ?\ n r ask z to ?is isl&8
 ,= ev5 z ?\ see/ x n[1 s do? x rema9   
s9ce ! beg9n+ ( ! _w4 ,ha/ ?\ any ne$ ( 
meat or dr9k8 ,ha/ ?\ be5 ov]come (     
sleep1 or ha? night cov]$ !e8 ,"k !re=e 
( a surety3 !re is always day "h )\t    
bl9dness or %ad[ ( d>kness4 ,= our ,"l  
,jesus ,*ri/ is ! light !re(1 & if m5 _h
 n done aga9/ ! comm&m5t ( ,god1 !y w\ld
 h rema9$ 9 ! lovel9ess ( ?is l&4 ,:5 we
 he>d x1 we 7 turn$ to weep+1 & :5 we 7 
re/$1 we /raightway took our j\rney1 & !
 man a=esaid came ) u ev5 to ! %ore :]e 
our %ip 04 ,b :5 we got u up into ! %ip1
 ! man 0 tak5 away f our eyes1 & we came
 into ! d>kness a=esaid1 & until ! ,isle

 ( ,delight "s4' ,b>9t goes on to relate
 8 conv]sation ) ,m>nock's disciples1 & 
h[ !y told him t !y (t5 knew by !       
fragrance ( ,m>nock's g>m5ts1 :5 he _h  
be5 away f !m = a :ile & return$1 t he  
_h be5 9 t g>d5 ( ,god1 :]e1 z x is     
express$1 'night ga!re? n1 nor day ende?
 444 = ! angels ( ,god keep x4'  ,incit$
 by ?is n>rative1 ,br5dan propos$ to "s 
( 8 disciples to set out 9 se>* ( ! ,l& 
( ,promise1 & aft] fa/+ = =ty days =    
?ree days at a "t1 !y f9ally emb>k$ f ! 
neighb\rhood ( ,tralee4 ,!re is a v     
curi\s description ( ! cora*#b or       
sk9-boat 9 :i* !y emb>k$4 ,x 01 x is    
/at$1 'v light1 ) ribs & po/s ( wick]1 z
 ! use is 9 ^? p>ts1 & !y cov]$ x ) !   
hides ( cattle1 dy$ r$di% 9 oak-b>k1 &  
!y sme>$ all ! seams ( ! %ip )\t2 & !y  
took provisions = =ty days1 & butt] =   
dress+ hides = ! cov]+ ( ! %ip1 & ! o!r 
?+s :i* are useful = ! life ( man4' ,two
 ( ! ,,mss4 add 7& are ju/ifi$ by       
subsequ5t passages73--',!y set up a ma/ 
9 ! middle ( ! %ip1 & a sail1 & ! re/ ( 

! ge> = /e]+4' ,! voyag]s 7 f\rte5 9    
numb] besides ,br5dan1 b at ! la/ mom5t 
?ree o!r bre?r5 came & entreat$ to be   
tak51 say+ t if !y 7 left :]e !y 71 !y  
w\ld die ( hung] & ?ir/4 ,br5dan        
cons5ts1 b pr$icts t :ile "o ( !m w\ld  
come to a good end1 two w\ld come to a  
bad4  ,footnote #b3 ,aft] ! mann] ( !   
anti5t ,celts1 b :i* is n1 ,i believe1  
altoge!r ext9ct ei!r 9 ! ,highl&s or 9  
,irel&1 & ( :i* ,i rememb] hav+ se5 "o  
once 9 actual use 9 ,wales4  ,!y set (f 
9 ! direction ( ! summ] sol/ice1 by :i* 
mu/1 ,i ?9k1 be meant ! nor!rly we/]n   
po9t :]e ! sun sets 9 summ]1 & are =ty  
days at sea--x w be notic$ t ! p]iods 9 
?is /ory are ne>ly always ( =ty days4   
,at ! end ( ?is "t !y come to a v high &
 rocky isl&1 ) /reams fall+ d[n ! cliffs
 into ! sea4 ,!y se>* = a l&+-place =   
?ree days1 & !n f9d a n>r[ h>b\r1 betwe5
 /eep walls ( rock4 ,on l&+1 !y are met 
by a dog1 :i* !y foll[ to a t[n or =t1 b
 see no inhabitants4 ,!y g into a great 
hall set ) c\*es & seats1 & f9d wat]    

prep>$ = wa%+ ! feet4 ,! walls are hung 
) vessels ( div]s k9ds ( metal1 &       
bridles1 & horns m\nt$ ) silv]4 ,br5dan 
w>ns ! bre?r5 aga9/ !ft1 especially !   
?ree :o _h come la/4 ,!y f9d a table    
laid1 & spread ) v :ite bread & fi%4 ,!y
 eat & lie d[n to sleep4 ,9 ! night     
,br5dan sees a fi5d 9 ! %ape ( an       
,e?iopian *ild tempt+ "o ( ! ?ree la/   
com]s ) a silv] bridle4 ,9 ! morn+ !y   
f9d ! table aga9 spread1 & s rema9 =    
?ree days & nights4 ,!n !y prep>e to    
leave1 & ,br5dan d5\nces "o ( ! bre?r5 z
 a ?ief4 ,on ?is ! guilty bro!r draws ! 
silv] bridle out ( 8 brea/1 & cries out1
 ',fa!r1 ,i h s9n$3 =give x1 & pray = my
 s\l t x p]i% n4' ,! devil is ca/ out1 b
 ! bro!r dies & is buri$ on ! isl&4 ,z  
!y are on ! po9t ( emb>k+1 a lad br+s !m
 a basket ( bread & a vessel 7amphora7 (
 wat]1 :i* he gives to !m ) a bless+4   
,!y />t aga9 ^u ! ocean1 & are c>ri$    
hi!r & ?i!r1 eat+ once e two days4 ,at  
la/1 on ,maundy ,?ursday1 !y rea* ano!r 
isl&1 :]e are _m abundant spr+s full (  

fi%1 & flocks ( :ite %eep z l>ge z      
cattle1 sometimes s ?ick z to conceal ! 
e>?4 ,!re !y rema9 until ! morn+ ( !    
,eve ( ,ea/]1 :5 !y take1 & app>5tly    
kill & dress1 "o %eep & "o lamb )\t     
blemi%4 ,! ref]5ce is evid5tly to an    
id5tity ( cu/om ) t :i* /ill prevails 9 
all ! s\!rn c\ntries ( ,europe1 ( prep>+
 ! fle% ( a lamb on ,holy ,saturday1 9  
hon\r ( ! ,pas*al ,lamb1 :i* fle% is    
bless$ on ! ,saturday1 & us$ to break ! 
fa/ ( ,l5t on ! next day4#c ,:5 all is  
ready !re comes to !m a man ) a basket (
 bread bak5 on ! coals--evid5tly mean+  
,passov] bread4 ,?is man n[ becomes a   
regul> al?\gh occasional feature 9 !    
n>rative1 & is call$ _! provid]         
7procurator74 ,he =etells _! j\rney = "s
 "t1 & h[ !y w be until a week aft]     
,p5teco/ 9 a place :i* is call$ ! ,ed5 (
 ,birds4  ,footnote #c3 ,9 ,italy at    
lea/1 9 ord] z f> z possible to comb9e !
 /rict fa/ ( ! ,saturday ) a fulfilm5t (
 ! words ( ,ex4 xii4 #h1 ',& !y %all eat
 ! fle% 9 t night4' ,x is usual to h an 

image ( a lamb 9 sug> or o!r            
confection>y1 :i* is also bless$ dur+ ! 
day1 & eat5 at supp]4  ,?us furni%$1 !y 
g to an isl& close by1 :i* he has po9t$ 
out to !m z ! place :]e !y are to rema9 
until ! foll[+ noon4 ,?is isl& is       
de/itute ( grass1 & ) b scanty          
vegetation1 & !re is no s& ^u its %ores4
 ,all goes well until ! next day1 :5 !y 
light a fire to boil ! pot1 :]eupon !   
isl& becomes re/ive1 & f9ally s9ks into 
! sea1 al?\gh !y all manage to escape   
into ! %ip4 ',bre?r51 sai? ,br5dan1 ye  
wond] at t :i* ?is isl& ha? done4 ,fa!r1
 say !y1 we wond] sorely1 & great dread 
ha? tak5 hold ^u u4 ,he said unto !m1   
,little *ildr51 be n afraid1 = ,god ha? 
?is night %[n unto me ! secret ( ?is ?+4
 ,:]e we h be5 0 n an isl& b ! fir/ fi% 
( all t swim 9 ! ocean1 & he seeke? ev] 
to br+ 8 tail unto 8 m\?1 b he _c1      
because ( 8 l5g?4 ,jasconius is 8 "n4'  
,?is is ! only incid5t 9 ! :ole romance 
:i* is actually grotesque4 ,b f !       
solemnity ) :i* x is n>rat$1 x is evid5t

 t x did n appe> to be grotesque to !   
au?or4 ,x seems to h tak5 ! fancy ( !   
e>ly & m$ival public1 & ev5 ( !         
iconographic public 9 a special degree4 
,! ^w :ale has commonly be5 appli$ to ! 
bea/1 & z ! same episode occurs 9 ! /ory
 ( ,s9bad ! ,sailor1 ,jub9al has set    
himself to speculate h[ t /ory1 or !    
,arabian ,nights 9 :i* x is incorporat$1
 came to be kn[n 9 ,irel&4 ,i confess ,i
 d n agree ) him4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 !    
notion is n p>ticul>ly recondite1 & x   
has at lea/ ?is possible f\ndation 9    
fact1 t1 z ,i h be5 told by sailors1 !  
back ( a :ale ( advanc$ ye>s1 :5 asleep 
at ! surface1 may be & has be5 mi/ak5 f 
"s di/ance1 greatly ow+ to ! accretions 
^u x1 = ! top ( a reef4 ,aga91 a some:at
 simil> notion occurs 9 ,lucian's       
,travell]'s ,tale1 :i* 0 mu* m likely to
 be kn[n to ! ,iri% fabuli/4 ,la/ly1 ,i 
mu/ obs]ve t all ?is is gloss4 ,! ^w    
:ale 7cete7 is nev] appli$ to ! animal b
 always fi% 7piscis7 or mon/] 7bellua7  
or bea/ 7be/ie71 & ! :ole ?+1 ) ! notion

 ( its va/ size1 & ! attempt to jo9 !   
tail to ! m\?1 :i* br+s x into          
connection ) ! emblem ( et]nity1 :i* is 
due1 ,i believe1 to ! ,pho5icians1 b :i*
 we ourselves s (t5 use ^u c(f9s &      
grave-/ones1 seems to br+ x into        
connection r ) ! idea ( ! ,midg>d-,worm1
 ! great "u-ly+ _w-s]p5t :i* figures s  
l>gely 9 ! my?ic cosmogony ( !          
,sc&9avians4 ,i sugge/ t ?is is !       
notion1 ( :i* ! romanc] may h he>d f    
,sc&9avian s\rces2 & !re is ev5 a k9d ( 
indication t x 0 associat$ 9 8 m9d ) !  
idea ( paganism1 z ,br5dan is made to   
speak else:]e ( ,god hav+ made ! mo/    
t]rible 7immanissimam7 ( bea/s subject  
unto !m4  ,on leav+ ! spot :]e ! mon/]  
_h sunk1 !y fir/ return$ to ! provid]'s 
isle1 f ! top ( :i* !y p]ceiv$ ano!r ne>
 at h&1 cov]$ ) grass & woods & full (  
fl[]s1 & ?i!r !y w5t4  ,on ! s\? %ore ( 
?is isl& !y f\nd a riv] a little broad] 
?an ! %ip1 & up ?is !y t[$ h] = a mile1 
:5 !y came to ! f\nta9-head ( ! /ream4  
,x 0 a wondr\s f\nta91 & above x !re 0 a

 tree m>vell\sly beautiful1 spread+ r   
?an high1 b all cov]$ ) :ite birds1 s   
cov]$ t !y hid its foliage & bran*es4   
7,! notion is p]haps tak5 f a tree load$
 ) sn[47 ',& :5 ! man ( ,god saw x1 he  
began to ?9k 9 himself :at or :]e=e x   
%\ld be1 t su* a multitude ( birds %\ld 
be ga!r$ toge!r 9 "o place4 ,& ! ?+     
di/ress$ him s1 t he wept1 & fell d[n ^u
 8 knees1 & bes\ght ! ,"l1 say+1 ,o     
,god1 ,:o kn[e/ ! ?+s :i* are unkn[n1 & 
make/ manife/ ! ?+s :i* are hidd51 ,?\  
kn[e/ h[ t m9e he>t is /rait5$2 !re=e ,i
 besee* ,!e t x may please ,!e to make  
manife/ unto me1 ,?y s9ful s]vant1 ?is  
my/]y :i* n[ ,i d see ) m9e eyes4 ,& ?is
 ,i ask n = an des]t ( my wor?9ess1 b 9 
respect ( ,?y m]cy4 ,:5 he _h s spok51  
behold1 "o ( ! birds flew f ! tree4 ,f !
 %ip1 :]e ! man ( ,god 0 sitt+1 8 w+s   
s\nd$ z ) ! s\nd ( little bells4 ,he    
p]*$ ^u ! top ( ! pr[1 & began to spread
 8 w+s = joy1 & look$ k9dly ^u ! holy   
fa!r ,br5dan4 ,!n ! man ( ,god1 :5 he   
und]/ood t ! ,"l _h _h reg>d unto 8     

pray]1 sai? unto ! bird1 ,if ?\ be !    
mess5g] ( ,god1 tell me :5ce be ^!      
birds1 & :]e=e !y be ga!r$ "h4 ,& x     
said1 ,we are ( t great ru9 ( ! old     
enemy2 b we h n fall5 by s9n+ or        
cons5t+2 b we h be5 pr$e/9at$ by !      
goodness & m]cy ( ,god1 = :]e9 we 7     
creat$1 ha? our ru9 come to pass1 ?r\gh 
8 fall & ! fall ( 8 crew4 ,b ,god !     
,almighty1 ,:o is righte\s & true1 ha?  
by ,8 judgm5t s5t u into ?is place4     
,pa9s we suff] n4 ,! pres5ce ( ,god 9 a 
s5se we _c see1 s f> has ,he sep>at$ u f
 ! company ( !m t /ood firm4 ,we w&]    
?r\gh ! div]s p>ts ( ?is _w1 ( ! sky1 & 
( ! firmam5t1 & ( ! e>?s1 ev5 z o!r     
spirits :o are s5t =? to m9i/]4 ,b ^u ! 
holy days ( ! ,"l1 we take bodies su* z 
,?\ see/1 & by ! ord9ance ( ,god we     
dwell "h1 & praise our ,mak]4 ,z = !e1  
?\ & ?y bre?r5 are a ye> ^u ! way1 & yet
 !re await y six4 ,& :]e ?is day ?\ ha/ 
kept ! ,passov]1 !re %all ye keep x e   
ye>1 & aft]w>ds %all ?\ f9d t :i* ?\ ha/
 set 9 ?9e he>t1 ev5 ! l& promis$ unto !

 ,sa9ts4 ,& :5 ! bird _h s spok51 x rose
 f ! pr[1 & return$ unto ! o!rs4 ,& :5 !
 h\r ( ev5+ came1 !y all began to flap  
_! w+s1 & to s+ z x 7 ) "o voice1 say+1 
,praise waite? = ,!e1 ,o ,god1 9 ,zion1 
& unto ,!e %all ! v[ be p]=m$ 9         
,j]usalem1 ?r\gh our m9i/ry4 ,& !y      
repeat$ t v]se ev5 = ! space ( an h\r1 &
 ! song & ! s\nd ( _! w+s 0 l h>mony    
7c>m5 cantus7 = sweetness4 ,!n holy     
,br5dan sai? unto 8 bre?r51 ,refre% y\r 
bodies1 s9ce ?is day ! ,"l ha? satisfi$ 
y\r s\ls by ,8 ,div9e ris+ aga94 ,& :5  
supp] 0 end$1 & ! "w ( ,god done1 ! man 
( ,god & !y t 7 ) him gave _! bodies    
unto re/ until ! ?ird wat* ( ! night4 ,&
 ! man ( ,god woke & r\s$ ! bre?r5 = !  
wat*es ( ! night1 & he began holily to  
s+ t v]se1 ,o ,"l1 op5 ,?\ my lips4 ,&  
:5 ! ^w ( ! man ( ,god 0 f9i%$1 all !   
birds sang out ) w+s & voices1 say+1    
,praise ye ! ,"l1 all ,8 ,angels1 praise
 ye ,him all ,8 ho/s4 ,likewise at ev5 =
 ! space ( an h\r1 !y sang ev]1 & :5 !  
dawn gl[$ !y began to s+1 ,& let !      

beauty ( ! ,"l our ,god be ^u u1 ) !    
same h>mony & l5g? ( s++ z 9 ! ,morn+   
,praises3 likewise1 at ! ?ird h\r t     
v]se1 ,s+ praises to our ,god1 s+       
praises1 s+ praises unto our ,k+1 s+ ye 
praises ) und]/&+3 at ! six? h\r1 ,may !
 ,"l cause ,8 face to %9e ^u u1 & be    
m]ciful unto u3 & at ! n9? h\r !y sang1 
,behold1 h[ good & h[ pleasant x is =   
bre?r5 to dwell toge!r 9 unity4 ,s by   
day & by night ^! birds gave praise to  
,god4'  ,i h read ?is passage at l5g?1 n
 only because ( its intr9sic m]it1 b    
also because ( its evid5t mean+4 ,x is  
obvi\s t x is meant to prop\nd doctr9es 
simil> to ^? :i* a di/+ui%$ writ] has   
rec5tly discuss$ "u ! title1 ,happ9ess 9
 ,hell4 ,x is rem>kable t ! ,codex      
,salmantic5sis omits ! :ole passage 9   
?is s5se4 ,possibly x did n suit ! views
 ( ! transcrib]4  ,9 a week ! provid]   
came to !m br++ m food & dr9k1 b w>n$ !m
 n to dr9k ( ! f\nta91 z its wat]s 7    
/upefy+4 ,he return$ aga9 at ,p5teco/1  
br++ m1 b bade !m n[ provision ! %ip )  

wat]1 & ) dri$ bread4 ,a week lat] !y   
/>t$4 ,:5 !y 7 on ! %ore1 "o ( ! birds  
came & p]*$ ^u ! pr[ & said1 ',ye h kept
 ! holy day ( ! ,passov] ) u ?is ye>4   
,ye %all also keep ! same day ) u 9 !   
ye> to come4 ,& :]e ye h be5 9 ! la/ ye>
 at ! ,supp] ( ! ,"l1 !re %all ye be ^u 
! said day 9 ! ye> to come4 ,likewise   
%all ye keep ! ,"l's night1 ! ,passov]  
,supp]1 :]e ye h kept x be=e1 t is1 ^u !
 back ( ! mon/] ,jasconius4 ,& aft]     
eight mon?s ye %all f9d ! isle :i* is   
call$ ,ailbey4 ,!re %all ye keep ! bir? 
( ,*ri/4' ,& s he flew back1 & z ! boat 
sail$ away1 all ! birds sang1 ',answ] u1
 ,o ,god ( our salvation1 ,:o art !     
confid5ce ( all ! ends ( ! e>?1 & ( !m t
 are af> (f ^u ! sea4'  ,!y 7 w&]+ ^u ! 
sea = ?ree mon?s1 & aft]w>ds came to !  
isle ,ailbey1 :]e !y /ay$ until ! middle
 ( ,janu>y4 ,!re is "h describ$ a       
mona/]y ) tw5ty-f\r monks1 :o 7 f$ on   
miracul\sly provid$ bread1 &1 except !  
,abbat1 nev] spoke4 ,!re is r a curi\s  
description ( ! *ur*1 :i* 0 squ>e1 )    

/alls r\nd ! walls4 ,x _h ?ree alt>s1   
all ( cry/al1 z 7 all ! alt> vessels1 & 
sev5 lamps :i* 7 lit e ev5+ by a fi]y   
arr[ :i* came 9 & w5t out at a w9d[4    
,!y left ,ailbey1 & 7 c>ri$ ab\t on !   
sea until ! beg9n+ ( ,l5t4 ,!y !n came  
to an isl& :]e !re 0 abundant           
vegetation1 roots1 & /reams full ( fi%1 
b "s ( ! bre?r5 became ins5sible f "o1  
two1 or ?ree days1 f dr9k+ ! wat]4 ,i   
own t ?is & ! rem>k ab\t ! wat] 9 ! ,ed5
 ( ,birds seems to me to be v likely    
plagi>is$ f ! w9e-riv] 9 ,lucian's      
,travell]'s ,tale4 ,h5ce !y w5t nor? =  
?ree days1 7 beat+ ab\t = ab\t tw5ty1 & 
!n ea/w>d = ?ree m1 & !n came back =    
,maundy ,?ursday to ! isle ( ! provid]1 
:o aga9 met !m4 ,all w5t on z be=e1 & a 
week aft] ,p5teco/ !y />t$ aga9 f ! ,ed5
 ( ! ,birds4  ,x w ?us be obs]v$ t !    
real times ( voyag+ 9 ea* ye> are limit$
 to ! mon?s ( ,febru>y & ,m>*1 & f ab\t 
! e>ly "p ( ,june to ! middle (         
,decemb]4  ,=ty days aft] />t+ 9 ?is new
 ye> !y 7 mu* al>m$ by a va/ fi% :i*    

seem$ to be com+ aft] !m to dev\r !m1 b 
x 0 kill$ by ano!r mon/]1 brea?+ fire1  
:i* appe>$ aga9/ x f ! ,ea/1 & tore x   
into ?ree pieces4  ,! next day !y came  
to a l>ge & grassy isl&1 :]e !y f\nd !  
tail portion ( ! mon/] fi%4 ,on ?is isl&
 !y bea*$ ! %ip1 pit*$ ! t5t1 & /ay$    
?ree mon?s1 dur+ :i* ! sea 0 too /ormy =
 travel4 ,!y liv$ = ! ?ree mon?s on "p (
 ! mon/]1 ! re/ ( :i* 0 dev\r$ by bea/s1
 b ano!r portion ( a fi% 0 aft]w>ds wa%$
 up1 & !y made a salt provision (       
x--?\gh z to ,br5dan himself1 x is      
rem>k$ t he 0 a consi/5t veget>ian1 hav+
 nev]1 s9ce 8 ord9ation1 eat5 any?+ :]e9
 _h be5 ! brea? ( life4 ,?ree days aft] 
?is1 ! sea be+ /ill]1 !y set out aga9   
t[>ds ! ,nor?4  ,"o day !y saw an isl& 9
 ! di/ance1 & ,br5dan told !m t !re 7   
?ree companies1 ( *ildr51 ( "y m51 & (  
eld]s1 & t "o ( ! ?ree bre?r5 la/ come 0
 !re to make 8 e>?ly pilgrimage4 ,!y    
came to %ore4 ,! isl& 0 s flat t x seem$
 level ) ! sea4 ,x _h no trees nor any?+
 t w9d c %ake4 ,x 0 va/1 & 0 cov]$ )    

some?+ :i* ! ,lat9 text calls scalt--a  
^w :i* ,i h fail$ to f9d 9 ,ducange or 9
 any o!r au?ority :i* ,i h be5 able to  
consult4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 evid5tly1 f !    
context1 "s k9d ( gr\nd fruit1 & may    
p]haps be ! /rawb]ry or !               
,blaeb]ry--al?\gh ! ,lat9 = ^! seems to 
be g5]ally fragum & bacca myrtilii4 ,?is
 fruit 0 :ite or purpureus--:]e9 ano!r  
difficulty arises z to ! mean+ (        
purpureus4 ,! individual b]ries 7 z big 
z l>ge balls1 & ta/$ l honey4 ,9 ?is    
isl& 7 ! ?ree companies1 :o seem$ to be 
mov+ & /&+ 9 a k9d ( sacr$ dance1 two   
mov+ r\nd :ile ! "o :i* _h tak5 ! f>!/  
place /ood /ill & sang1 ',! ,sa9ts %all 
g f /r5g? to /r5g?3 ! ,god ( gods w     
appe> 9 ,zion4' ,x is vexati\s t "h ! "q
 ( col\r aga9 arises1 z some?+ v        
picturesque is evid5tly int5d$ to be    
describ$4 ,! company ( *ildr5 7 clad 9  
pure & gli/]+ :ite1 b ! ,lat91 :i* is   
v]bally foll[$ by ! ,fr5*1 gives ! col\r
 ( ! "y m5's g>m5ts z hyac9?9e1 & t ( ! 
eld]s' z purple4 ,i h consult$ all !    

au?orities ^u ! "q t ,i c4 ,! result is 
t x is disput$ :e!r hyac9?9e means r$ or
 blue or bo?1 & :e!r ! ,lat9 purple 0 r$
 or plum-col\r$4 ,i haz>d ! conjecture t
 !re is "h an attempt to symbolize      
innoc5ce1 vig\r1 & rip5ess1 & t z ! fir/
 col\r is c]ta9ly :ite1 ! o!rs may be r$
 & :at we call purple4  ,! voyag]s l&$  
at ! f\r? h\r 7#aj ,a4,m47 & ! dance w5t
 on until noon1 :5 ! ?ree companies sang
 toge!r ! lxvii41 ! lxx41 & ! cxvi4     
,psalms1 add+ aga91 '! ,god ( gods w    
appe> 9 ,zion4' ,at #c ,p4,m4 !y sang   
likewise ,psalms cxxx41 cxxxiii41 & :at 
is call$ 9 ! ,septuag9t ! cxlvii41 viz41
 ! la/ n9e v]ses ( t s call$ 9 ! ,a4,v4 
,at ev5 !y sang ! lxv41 ! civ41 !       
cxiii41 & !n ! :ole #ae songs ( degrees1
 dur+ :i* !y sat4 ,:5 ?is 0 done1 a     
bright cl\d ov]%ad[$ ! isl&1 a cl\d s   
bright t x bl9d$ ! sight ( ! voyag]s1 b 
!y c\ld /ill he> ! sacr$ song go+ on )\t
 ceas+ until midnight 7vigilie matut97  
:5 !y he>d sung ,psalms cxlviii41       
cxlix41 & cl41 & !n :at are call$ '#ab  

,psalms accord+ to ! ,psalt]1 up to ,!  
fool ha? said 9 8 he>t1'--an app>5t     
ref]5ce to ! pres5t ,roman ,brevi>y     
arrangem5t by :i* ! x? is unit$ 7z 9 !  
,septuag9t7 ) ! ix?1 & ! v? transf]r$   
out ( its ord]4 ,z day broke1 ! cl\d    
pass$ away f ov] ! isl& & ! companies   
sang ,psalms li41 xc41 & lxiii41 & at #i
 ,a4,m4 xlvii41 liv41 & cxvi4 ,f :at ?is
 peculi> arrangem5t ( ! ,psalms is tak51
 ,i d n "k4 ,x is n t ( ! ,mona/ic      
,brevi>y1 nor ( ! ,roman1 nor ( ! ,greek
 ,*ur*1 nor is x t ( ! ,moz>abic1 at    
lea/ at pres5t1 b f its excessive       
irregul>ity1 9 :i* x resembles !        
,moz>abic1 ,i guess t x may belong to "s
 ,ephes9e rite1 z introduc$ by ,patrick 
into ,irel&1 & t x is "h set d[n at l5g?
 because x 0 becom+ obsolete 9 ! days ( 
! writ]4 ,!n !y w5t to ,communion4 ,aft]
 ?is1 two ( ! company ( "y m5 br\ght a  
basket full ( ! purple fruit1 & put x   
into ! %ip1 say+1 ',take ye ( ! fruit ( 
! /rong m5's isle1 & give u our bro!r & 
dep>t 9 peace4' ,!n ,br5dan call$ !     

bro!r to him & said1 ',kiss ?y bre?r51 &
 g ) !m t call !e4 ,i tell !e1 bro!r1 t 
9 a good h\r did ?y "m conceive !e1 :o  
ha/ e>n$ to dwell ) su* a congregation4'
 ,s !y bade him f>ewell ) te>s1 & :5 he 
came to ! companies1 !y sang1 ',behold1 
h[ good & h[ pleasant x is = bre?r5 to  
dwell toge!r 9 unity1' & !n ! ,te ,deum1
 & ! voyag]s set out aga9 ^u _! way4  ,!
 voyage n[ cont9ues ) two or ?ree       
comp>atively trivial adv5tures4 ,=      
twelve days !y liv$ ^u ! juice ( !      
scalt1 aft] :i* !y fa/$ = ?ree days4 ,!n
 a bird br\ght !m a bran* ( an unkn[n   
tree1 be>+ a bun* ( bright r$ grapes1   
:]eon !y liv$ = f\r days1 & !n fa/$ =   
?ree m4 ,on ! la/ ( ^! !y sight$ ! isl& 
:]e grew ! grapes4 ,x 0 ?ickly wood$1 ) 
trees b5d+ "u ! weight ( ! fruit1 fill$ 
) all mann] ( good vegetation1 & exhal+ 
an od\r l t ( an h\se full (            
pomegranates 7mala punica74 ,"h !y l&$1 
pit*$ ! t5t1 & /ay$ = =ty days4  ,aft]  
!y left ?is isl& !y 7 mu* al>m$ by !    
sight ( a griff9 fly+ t[>ds !m1 b x 0   

kill$ by ano!r bird :i* f\ght x 9 ! air1
 & its body fell into ! sea4 ,!y rea*$ !
 isle ,ailbey 9 safety1 & !re pass$ !   
midw9t] z usual4  ,! foll[+ ye>s are    
pass$ ov] ) m]ely ! g5]al /atem5t t !y  
w5t ab\t mu* 9 ! ocean1 & pass$ ! usual 
seasons 9 ! usual places4 ,x is m5tion$ 
t "o midsumm] ! sea 0 s cle> = ab\t a   
week t !y c\ld see ! m>9e animals ly+ at
 ! bottom2 & :5 ,br5dan sang1 ^! came up
 & swam r\nd ! %ip4  ,x mu/ be1 z f> z !
 *ronology ( ! romance c be said to be  
fix$1 int5d$ to be repres5t$ z 9 !      
,febru>y ( ! sev5? ye>1 t ! n>rative    
aga9 becomes cont9u\s4 ,!y saw "o day a 
pill> /&+ 9 ! sea1 :i* appe>$ to be ne> 
!m1 b :i* !y did n rea* = ?ree days4    
,its top seem$ to pi]ce ! cl\ds4 ,at !  
di/ance ( ab\t a mile x 0 surr\nd$ on e 
h& by a sort ( network1 ( a mat]ial l   
silv]1 b h>d] ?an m>ble4 ,!y drew 9 !   
o>s & ma/1 & pass$ ?r\gh "o ( !         
int]/ices4 ,! sea )9 0 z cle> z glass1 s
 t !y c\ld see ! bottom1 ) ! l[] "p ( ! 
pill> & ! network re/+ ^u x4 ,! pill> 0 

( absolutely cle> cry/al1 s t ! light & 
heat ( ! sun pass$ ?r\gh x4 ,x 0 =ty    
cubits broad on e side4 ,on ! s\? side  
!y f\nd a *alice ( ! mat]ial ( ! network
 & a pat5 ( ! mat]ial ( ! pill>4 ,aft]  
pass+ aga9 out ( ! network1 !y sail$ =  
eight days t[>ds ! ,nor?1 & "h beg9s :at
 may be call$ ! diabolical portion ( !  
/ory4  ,!y saw "o day a wild & rocky    
isl&1 )\t grass or tree1 b full ( smi?s'
 =ges4 ,! w9d bore !m pa/ x at ab\t a   
/one's ?r[1 & !y c\ld he> bell[s ro>+ ) 
a s\nd l ?und]1 & hamm]s /rik+ ^u       
anvils4 ,pres5tly !y saw "o ( !         
inhabitants come out ( a cave4 ,he 0    
%aggy & hide\s1 burnt & d>k4 ,:5 he saw 
! %ip1 he ran back h[l+ into 8 work%op4 
,br5dan imm$iately bid hoi/ ! sail & h  
out ! o>s4 ,:ile ?is 0 do+ ! creature   
appe>$ aga9 ) a gl[+ mass ( fus$ metal  
7massam igneam de scoria7 9 p9c]s1 :i*  
he hurl$ at !m4 ,:]e x /ruck ! wat] ab\t
 a furlong f !m1 x made ! sea boil &    
hiss4 ,!y _h only escap$ ab\t a mile :5 
!y saw be+s sw>m+ out ^u ! %ore1 ?r[+   

ab\t molt5 masses1 "s aft] !m & "s at "o
 ano!r1 & !n all w5t back into ! =ges & 
set !m blaz+1 until ! :ole isl& seem$ "o
 mass ( fire4 ,! sea boil$ l a boil+    
cauldron1 & all day long ! travell]s    
he>d an awful wail+4 ,ev5 :5 !y 7 out ( 
sight ( ! isl&1 ! h[ls /ill rang 9 _!   
e>s1 & ! /5* made _! no/rils sm>t4 ',&  
,br5dan said1 ,o ye soldi]s ( ,*ri/1    
make y /rong 9 fai? n feign$1 & 9 !     
arm\r ( ! _s1 = we are ^u ! coa/s (     
hell4 ,wat*1 !re=e1 & play ! man4'  ,!  
next day b "o1 !y f\nd ! w9d be>+ !m d[n
 ^u ano!r m\nta9 9 ! sea1 black z coal1 
rea*+ /eep d[n to ! sea1 & ^: top !y    
c\ld h>dly see1 b yet wrapt 9 s(t mi/s4 
,:5 !y came ne> x1 ! sole rema9+ ( !    
?ree la/ come bre?r5 jump$ out ( ! %ip &
 wad$ to %ore4 ,sudd5ly he %[$ signs (  
t]ror1 & cri$ out t he 0 be+ c>ri$ away 
& c\ld n return4 ,! bre?r5 9 horror pu%$
 ! %ip away f l&1 & />t$ t[>ds ! ,s\?4  
,:5 !y look$ back !y saw flames %oot+ up
 f ! top ( ! m\nta91 & !n s9k+ 9 aga91 &
 aga9 surg+ up4 ,x is a ph5om5on famili>

 to any "o :o has wat*$ ! top ( a       
volcano--(t5 ev5 ( iron-works--& :i* has
 be5 spl5didly describ$ 9 ! acc\nt ( !  
burn+ ess5ce ( life 9 ,%e4 ,f ?is sight 
!y fl$ & j\rney$ = sev5 days t[>d !     
,s\?4  ,we n[ rea* an incid5t f\nd$ ^u t
 fact f ! contemplation ( :i* ! human   
m9d p]haps %r9ks m ?an f any o!r4 ,b !  
lit]>y treatm5t ( x is s curi\s & /rik+1
 & is r5d]$ all ! m s1 at lea/ to me1   
because ,i am aw>e ( only "o o!r attempt
 to grapple ) x 9 ! :ole cycle ( human  
inv5tion1 & t 9 ! v highe/ sph]e (      
imag9ative lit]ature1 t ,i ?9k t y w    
=give me if ,i deal ) x1 & give at      
any-rate a "p ( x 9 full4 ',& aft] ^!   
?+s1' says ! noveli/1 '! ,fa!r ,br5dan  
saw z x 7 a v ?ick mi/1 & :5 !y drew    
nigh !reto1 !re appe>$ unto !m a little 
%ape z x _h be5 ! %ape ( a man sitt+ ^u 
a /one1 & be=e him a veil ( ! size ( a  
bag hang+ betwe5 two =ks ( iron1 & ?us !
 waves beat him ab\t z x 7 a boat :5 x  
is 9 p]il 9 a tempe/4 ,& :5 ! bre?r5 saw
 x1 "s ( !m ?\ght t x _h be5 a bird1 &  

o!rs ?\ght t x _h be5 a %ip4 ,!n ! man (
 ,god answ]$ !m1 ,bre?r51 let be ?is    
/rife1 & turn ! %ip unto ! place4 ,& :5 
! man ( ,god drew nigh !reto1 ! waves   
r\nd ab\t /ood /ill z ?\gh !y _h be5    
froz54 ,& !y f\nd sitt+ ^u a /one a man 
%aggy & mis-%ap51 & f e side :5 ! waves 
came ^u him1 !y smote him up to ! cr[n (
 8 head2 & :5 aga9 !y fell away f him !n
 0 se5 ! /one :]eon ! unhappy "o sat4 ,&
 ! w9d mov$ ab\t f "t to "t ! clo? t 0  
be=e him1 & x smote him ^u ! eyes & ^u !
 =ehead4 ,& :5 ! bless$ "o ask$ him :o  
he 01 & = :at fault he 0 set !re1 & h[  
he _h m]it$ su* puni%m5t1 he said1 ,i am
 t mo/ unhappy ,judas1 ! wor/ ( b>ga9]s4
 ,nei!r = any des]t ( m9e d ,i h ?is    
place1 b ?r\gh ! p>don & pity ( !       
,r$eem] ( ! _w1 & 9 hon\r ( ,8 holy     
resurrection1 h ,i ?is re/ 7n[1 x 0 !   
,"l's ,day71 & :5 ,i sit "h x seeme? to 
me z ?\gh ,i 7 9 ! ,g>d5 ( ,ed51 by     
reason ( ! torm5ts :i* ,i %all h ?is    
ev51 = :5 ,i am 9 torm5t ,i am l a bit (
 lead molt5 9 a crucible day & night4 ,9

 ! mid/ ( ! m\nta9 :i* ye h se51 !re is 
,levia?an ) 8 crew1 & ,i 0 !re :5 x     
swall[$ up y\r bro!r1 & !re=e hell 0    
glad1 & s5t =? great flames1 & ?us do? x
 ev] :5 x dev\re? ! s\ls ( ! wick$4 ,b t
 ye may "k ! measureless goodness (     
,god1 ,i w tell y ( my re/4 ,i h "h my  
re/ e ,"l's ,day f ev5+ to ev5+--1' & !n
 foll[ "s words z to o!r days :i* are   
evid5tly corrupt$ bo? 9 ,jub9al's text &
 9 t ( ! ,salamanca ,,ms4 ,!n x         
cont9ues1 ',b ! o!r days ,i am torm5t$ )
 ,h]od & ,pilate1 ) ,annas & ,caiphas2 &
 !re=e ,i besee* y = ! sake ( ! ,r$eem] 
( ! _w1 t ye be pleas$ to plead = me ) !
 ,"l ,jesus t x be grant$ me to be "h   
until to-morr[ at ! ris+ ( ! sun1 t at  
y\r com+ ! devils may n torm5t me nor   
c>ry me away unto t evil h]itage :i* ,i 
h b\ght unto myself4' ,?is is done4 ,!re
 is "s talk1 f :i* x appe>s t ! clo? is 
"o :i* ,judas once gave to a lep]1 ! =ks
 "s :i* he _h giv5 to ,prie/s :]eon to  
hang pots1 & ! /one :]eon he sits1 "o ) 
:i* he _h once fill$ up an hole 9 a     

public highway4 ,! :ole episode closes  
?us3--',at ! break+ ( ! day1 :5 ! man ( 
,god began to take 8 j\rney1 behold1 an 
inf9ite multitude ( devils cov]$ ! face 
( ! deep1 speak+ ) dreadful voices &    
say+1 ,o man ( ,god1 curs$ be ?y com+ 9 
& ?y go+ out1 = our pr9ce ha? sc\rg$ u  
?is night ) griev\s /ripes1 because we  
br\ght him n t accurs$ prison]4 ,& ! man
 ( ,god sai? unto !m1 ,let t curse be n 
^u u b ^u y1 = bless$ is he :om ye      
curse1 & curs$ is he :om ye bless4 ,!   
devils said1 ,t unhappy ,judas %all     
suff] d\ble pa9s ^! six days1 because ye
 h %ield$ him ?is night4 ,! sa9t sai?   
unto !m1 ,ye h no p[]1 nei!r y\r pr9ces1
 = p[] is ( ,god4 ,& he said1 ,9 ! "n ( 
! ,"l1 ,i comm& y & y\r pr9ce t ye put  
him to no great] torm5ts ?an ye h be5   
wont4 ,!y answ]$ him1 ,art ?\ ! ,"l (   
all1 t we %\ld obey ?y words8 ,! man (  
,god sai? unto !m1 ,i am ! s]vant ( !   
,"l ( all2 & :atsoev] ,i comm& 9 ,8 ,"n1
 x is done2 & ,i h no m9i/ry save ( !m  
:om he give? me4 ,& s !y foll[$ him1    

cont9ually blasphem+1 until he 0 borne  
away f ,judas2 & ! devils w5t back &    
lift$ up t mo/ unhappy s\l among !m1 ) a
 great ru%+ & %\t+4'  ,?is subject is "o
 t ought n to be treat$ at all4 ,x ought
 to be left veil$ 9 ! unkn[n1 z x has   
be5 left = u by ! ,inf9ite ,m]cy f ,^:  
revelation we "k all t we "k ab\t x4 ,z 
a matt] ( fact1 ,i am only aw>e1 z ,i h 
/at$1 ( "o o!r writ] besides ?is ,iri%  
romanc]1 :o has treat$ x4 ,t writ] is   
,dante4 ,at ! l[e/ dep? ( 8 ,inf]no sits
 ,satan mun*+ ,brutus1 ,cassius1 &      
,judas 9 8 ?reefold m\?4 ,brutus &      
,cassius h _! heads & upp] p>ts hang+   
outside ! m\?4       ',quell' anima     
lass1 c' ha maggior p5a1'      ,disse 'l
 ,mae/ro1 ' ,giuda ,sc>iotto1      ,*e  
'l capo ha d5tro1 e fuor le gambe m5a4' 
,! traditional epi!t :i* ! _w has ju/ly 
atta*$ to ! "n ( ,dante ,alighi]i is '! 
,sublime'4 ,i am almo/ afraid to say x1 
b we all "k h[ prov]bially %ort is !    
di/ance betwe5 ! sublime & ! ridicul\s4 
,& ,i v5ture to submit to ! private     

p]sonal ?\ght ( ea* ( y :e!r x be n     
m]ely ! horror ( ! subject & ( !        
conception1 & ! almo/ /upefy+ gr&eur ( !
 poetry1 :i* sep>ates ?is idea f !      
grotesque2 & :e!r1 if ! ?+ be to be t\*$
 at all1 ! old ,iri% fabuli/ has n      
produc$ a conception bo? m t5d] & m     
truly tragic4  ,!y !n g = ?ree days     
s\?w>d & f9d a small precipit\s rocky   
isl&1 q r\nd1 & ab\t "o furlong 9       
circumf]5ce4 ,"h !y f9d a n>r[          
l&+-place1 & dwell+ on ! summit an h]mit
 ag$ "o hundr$ & =ty ye>s1 ( :i* he _h  
pass$ n9ety 9 ! isl&4 ,he _h no clo!s   
except 8 own hair1 :i* 0 long & :ite4   
,he 0 an ,iri%man nam$ ,paul1 & _h kn[n 
,patrick4 ,= ?irty ye>s he _h liv$ on   
fi% br\ght him by a bea/1 presumably an 
ott]1 9 its =e-paws1 along ) fuel :]e)  
to cook x1 & :i* he k9dl$ by /rik+ a    
fl9t1 & = sixty ye>s ^u ! wat] ( a spr+4
 ,he gave !m ( ! wat] ( ! spr+1 & bade  
!m g _! way1 tell+ !m t 9 =ty days !y   
w\ld keep ! ,passov] z usual1 & s also  
,p5teco/1 & !reaft] w\ld !y f9d '! l&   

holi] ?an all l&s4'  ,!y rema9$ !re=e on
 ! op5 sea dur+ all ,l5t1 liv+ only on !
 wat] ( ! h]mit's spr+1 & pass$ ,ea/] & 
,p5teco/ 9 ! usual places4 ,b ?is 0 !   
la/ "t4 ,_! provid] came to !m & said1  
',get ye up into ! %ip & fill y\r       
bottles ) ! wat] ( ?is f\nta94 ,i also  
n[ w be ! companion & lead] ( y\r       
j\rney1 = )\t me ye _c f9d ! l& :i* ye  
seek1 ev5 ! l& :i* is promis$ unto !    
,sa9ts4' ,z !y emb>k$1 all ! :ite birds 
sang 9 *orus1 ',! ,god ( our salvation  
make y\r way prosp]\s' 7,ps4 lxvii4 #bj1
 ,vulg474 ,!y w5t to _! provid]'s isl& &
 !re took 9 provision = o!r =ty days &  
set =?4 ,& n[ comes ! discov]y ( ! ,l& (
 ,promise1 :i* ,i _h bett] read 9       
full3--  ',& :5 =ty days 7 pa/1 & ! ev5+
 0 draw+ on1 a great d>kness cov]$ !m1 s
 t sc>cely c\ld "o see ano!r4 ,!n !     
provid] sai? to holy ,br5dan1 ,fa!r1    
kn[e/ ?\ :at is ?is d>kness8 ,! ,sa9t   
sai?1 ,bre?r51 ,i "k n4 ,!n sai? ! o!r1 
,?is d>kness is r\nd ab\t t isl& :i* ye 
h s\ght = sev5 ye>s4 ,behold1 ye see x2 

ent] ye into x4 ,& aft] ! space ( an    
h\r1 a great light %one r\nd ab\t !m1 & 
! %ip /ood ^u ! %ore4 ,:5 !y w5t out ( !
 %ip1 !y saw a l&1 broad1 & full (      
fruit-be>+ trees1 z 9 ! "t ( autumn4 ,!y
 w5t r\nd ab\t t l& z long z !y 7 9 x4  
,!y _h no night !re1 b ! light %one z ! 
sun %9e? 9 8 season4 ,& s = =ty days !y 
w5t ab\t ?r\gh t l&1 b !y c\ld n f9d !  
end !re(4 ,b ^u a c]ta9 day !y f\nd a   
great riv] :i* !y c\ld n pass1 runn+    
?r\gh ! mid/ ( ! isl&4 ,!n sai? ! holy  
man unto ! bre?r51 ,we _c pass ov] ?is  
riv]1 & we "k n h[ l>ge is ?is l&4 ,:ile
 !y ?\ght ^u ^! ?+s1 behold1 !re came to
 meet !m a "y man ) glori\s c\nt5ance & 
comely to look ^u1 :o kisse? !m ) great 
joy1 & calle? !m e "o by 8 own "n1 &    
sai?1 ,o bre?r51 peace be unto y1 & unto
 all :o h foll[$ aft] ! peace ( ,*ri/1 &
 aft] ?is he said1 moreov]1 ,bless$ are 
!y t dwell 9 ,?9e h\se1 ,o ,"l3 !y w be 
/ill prais+ ,!e4 ,aft] ^! words1 he sai?
 unto holy ,br5dan1 ,behold ! l& :i* ye 
h s\ght ( a long "t4 ,b = ?is cause h ye

 n be5 able to f9d x s9ce ye began to   
seek x1 because ! ,"l ,*ri/ ha? will$ to
 %[ unto !e div]s ( ,8 hidd5 ?+s 9 ?is  
great & wide sea4 ,return ?\ !re=e unto 
! l& ( ?y bir?1 & take ) !e ( ^! fruits1
 & ( preci\s /ones z mu* z ?y %ip may   
hold4 ,= ! days ( ?y pilgrimage are     
draw+ ne> at h&1 t ?\ maye/ sleep ) ?9e 
holy bre?r54 ,b aft] _m times ?is l&    
%all be made kn[n unto !m t %all come   
aft] !e1 :5 x %all be helpful 9 !       
tribulation ( ! ,*ri/ians4 ,! riv] :i*  
ye see divide? ?is isl&1 & ev5 z n[ x   
appe>e? unto y ripe 9 fruits1 s is x at 
e "t )\t %ad[ or f\lness4 ,= ! light    
%9e? 9 x )\t fail+4 ,!n holy ,br5dan    
sai? unto ! "y man1 ,"l fa!r1 tell me if
 ?is l& %all be ev] reveal$ unto m54 ,& 
he sai?1 ,:5 ! ,almighty ,creator %all h
 made all nations subject unto ,him1 !n 
%all ?is l& be made kn[n unto all ,8    
elect4 ,& aft] ^! ?+s1 ,fa!r ,br5dan    
took a bless+ f ! "y man1 & began to    
return by 8 way :]eby he _h come1 tak+ (
 ! fruits ( t l& & ( sorts ( preci\s    

/ones2 & :5 he _h s5t away ! man t      
provid$ = !m1 :o _h prep>$ meat = him & 
= ! bre?r5 season by season1 he w5t up  
into ! %ip ) ! bre?r51 ?r\gh ! d>kness1 
:5ce he _h begun to sail4 ,& :5 !y _h   
pass$ ?r\gh x1 !y came unto ! ,isle     
,delight "s1 & :5 he _h be5 ent]ta9$ !re
 = ! space ( ?ree days1 he took a bless+
 f ! fa!r ( ! mona/]y1 & !n "u ,god's   
lead+ came /raight to 8 own mona/]y4'   
,x rema9s to make "s rem>k ^u ! "* &    
possible s\rces ( ?is curi\s            
composition4  ,9 connection ) fabul\s   
voyages1 x is natural to ?9k n only (   
,lucian's ,travell]'s ,true ,tale1 b    
also ( ,gulliv]'s ,travels1 b ^! are    
skits1 satiriz+ ) wild wit c]ta9        
features ( life :i* lay be=e ! au?ors4  
,! gravity ( ,br5dan's ,voyage r5d]s x  
impossible to place x 9 any su*         
category4 ,x c h>dly be said to conta9  
any grotesque adv5ture except t ( !     
mon/]'s back1 & f ! way 9 :i* ?is is    
told1 x is evid5t t x did n appe>       
grotesque to ! n>rator2 & ! religi\s    

tone ( ! :ole ?+ =bids any su*          
explanation4  ,on ! o!r h&1 ,i _c       
p]ceive any hidd5 mean+ 9 x :i* w\ld    
assign x to ! same class ( allegorical  
romance ( :i* ,bunyan's ,pilgrim's      
,progress is ! mo/ fam\s example4  ,x is
 impossible t x c\ld ev] h be5 int5d$ to
 be believ$4 ,"s ( ! incid5ts are s     
obvi\sly fabul\s--= in/ance1 t (        
,judas1--t su* an hypo!sis w\ld be      
simply to condemn ! au?or z a pr(ane    
=g]1 & 8 tone is mu* too pi\s = t2      
besides :i*1 !re w\ld h be5 no possible 
motive2 & aga91 al?\gh ?is romance /&s  
alone or ne>ly alone 9 ! popul>ity :i* x
 has atta9$ outside its own c\ntry1 z   
,pr(essor ,o',curry rem>ks1 x does n /& 
by any means alone )9 ! native lit]ature
 ( t c\ntry1 albeit its lit]>y m]it may 
place x above all or ne>ly all ! old    
,iri% compositions ( its class4 ,x is1  
h[ev]1 an extraord9>y fact t x has      
actually be5 sometimes tak5 = sob] tru?4
 ,?is has n be51 ,i ?9k1 s mu* ! case 9 
,irel&4 ,!re are1 x is true1 "o or two  

incid5ts 9 ! ,life :i* may be remotely  
id5tifi$ at bottom ) incid5ts 9 !       
,voyage1 !re is ev5 m5tion ( ! ,l& (    
,promise1 b ,i am m incl9$ to reg>d ^!  
z1 m or less1 di/ort$ leg5d>y /atem5ts  
ab\t ,br5dan's real c>e]1 aft]w>ds seiz$
 ^u1 magnifi$1 & work$ 9 by ! romanc]1  
?an z incid5ts ( ! romanc] appropriat$ &
 nationaliz$ into comp>ative possibility
 by ! biograph]4 ,?us ! ,l& ( ,promise  
may h be5 a fond title = ! imag9>y site 
( a mona/]y = :i* he 0 seek+ 9 ! ,we/]n 
,isles4 ,b ev5 9 ,irel& ! son ( ,f9nlogh
 ,o' ,alta seem+ly obta9$ a "* = c]ta9  
adv5tures :i* mu/ h be5 tak5 f ! fable1 
& ! ,m>tyrology ( ,donegal gravely ref]s
 to ! ,voyage z well z to ! ,life z an  
au?ority ^u ! subject1 al?\gh ,i confess
 ,i c h>dly believe t ,cuim9 ( ,condeire
 0 n je/+ :5 he wrote ! v]se--          
',br5a9n loves con/ant piety1           
,accord+ to ! synod & congregation2     
,sev5 ye>s on a :ale's back he sp5t2    
,x 0 a difficult mode ( piety4'  ,x 01  
h[ev]1 outside ,irel&1 9 c\ntries :]e   

less 0 kn[n ( ! facts1 & ! ,voyage 0    
isolat$ f o!r works ( its class1 t ?is  
romance 0 mo/ l>gely accept$ z s]i\s    
matt] ( fact4 ,! possession ( ,/4       
,br5dan's ,isle :5ev] x %\ld be discov]$
 01 accord+ to ,m4 ,jub9al1 actually    
made ! subject ( ,/ate docum5ts1 & he   
names no less ?an f\r m>itime exp$itions
 :i* 7 despat*$ 9 se>* ( x1 ! la/ f     
,santa ,cruz 9 ,t5]ife 9 #agba1 at !    
in/ance ( ,don ,juan de ,mur1 ,gov]nor (
 ! ,can>ies1 & "u ! comm& ( ,casp>      
,dom+uez4 ,i mu/1 h[ev]1 av[ t ,i h     
great difficulty 9 believ+ t su* an     
exp$ition z ?is c\ld h be5 motiv$ by any
 o!r hypo!sis ?an t ! romance 0 !       
leg5d>y record ( "s really exi/+ isl& 9 
! ,atlantic4  ,! m5tion ( su* a belief  
br+s me to ! consid]ation ( ano!r & v   
diff]5t =m ( :at ,i may call !          
naturali/ic s*ool ( int]pretation4 ,?is 
!ory ?r[s ov]bo>d ! :ole ( ! elem5ts ( !
 class commonly call$ sup]natural1 & ev5
 treats ! id5tity ( ! voyag]s z a matt] 
( comp>ative indiff]5ce1 b x sees 9 !   

wild n>rative a di/ort$ & leg5d>y acc\nt
 ( "s actual voyage & "s actual         
adv5tures & discov]ies 9 ! ,atlantic4   
,by "s ! ,can>y ,ar*ipelago1 ) p]haps   
,madeira1 ! ,cape de ,v]de ,isl&s1 & "s 
p>ts ( ! ,african coa/1 if n ev5 !      
,azores1 h be5 suppos$ to be ! orig9al  
sc5e ( ! w&]+s ( "s e>ly navigators1 ev5
 if n ( ,br5dan1 & ! ,burn+ ,isl& ) its 
savage inhabitants1 & ! inf]nal volcano 
w\ld ( c\rse be int]pret$ ( ! great     
volcano ( ,t5]ife4 ,b a m int]e/+       
int]pretation is t :i* sees 9 ! voyage (
 ,br5dan a di/ort$ acc\nt ( "s anci5t   
voyage by ! ,we/]n ,isl&s1 ! ,orkneys & 
,%etl&s1 ! ,f>oe ,isles1 ,icel&1 &      
f9ally to ! coa/ ( ,am]ica4 ,i ne$ n    
rem9d y t ! e>lie/ voyages to ,am]ica ( 
:i* we h hi/orical acc\nts are ^? ( !   
,norsem51 :o1 z e>ly z ! ye> #ajja1     
proce$$ s f> ,s\? z to come into a l&   
:]e ! v9e 0 gr[+ wild1 & :i* !y         
consequ5tly nam$ ,v9el&4 ,x matt]s      
comp>atively little to ! naturali/ic    
int]pretation ( ?is romance :e!r x be   

bas$ ^u mutilat$ & gossip+ acc\nts ( !  
voyages ( ! ,norsem51 or ^u "s /ill     
e>li] adv5tures ( :i* all truly         
hi/orical record has p]i%$4 ,! %ores (  
,am]ica "h become ! ,l& ( ,promise1 !   
cl\ds :i* veil x are ! fogs ( ! coa/s ( 
,newf\ndl& or ,labrador1 ! great &      
impassable riv] :i* divides x1 p]haps ! 
,/4 ,lawr5ce3 ! cry/al column is an     
iceb]g3 ! r\gh & rocky isl&1 & ! black1 
cl\d-pi]c+ volcano1 :i* burnt 9 ! mid/ (
 ! ,nor!rn ,ocean1 are ,icel& & its     
volcanoes2 ! ,ed5 ( :ite birds 9 "s     
region1 p]haps ! ,f>oes1 :]e sea-f[l    
congregate 9 va/ flocks3 & ! m9or isles 
are to be m or less id5tifi$ ) "s ( ^? (
 ! sev]al ar*ipelagos1 _m ( :i*1 9 ! "t 
( ! romanc]1 if n 9 t ( ,br5dan1        
possess$ halls1 mona/]ies1 & h]mits4 ,x 
may be urg$ z "o ( ! ma9 objections to  
?is !ory t x is almo/ outside ! b\nds ( 
possibility t a cora* c\ld make su* a   
voyage1 b x is p]haps only fair to rem>k
 t 9 ! ,life1 al?\gh n 9 ! ,voyage1 x is
 /at$ t aft] ! fir/ five ye>s ( ! w&]+s 

,br5dan return$ to ,irel&1 :]e1 among   
o!r ?+s1 he w5t to see ,ita1 & !        
n>rative !n cont9ues3 ',%e receiv$ him )
 joy & hon\r1 & said1 ,o my belov$1     
:]e=e ha/ ?\ tri$ )\t my c\nsel8 ,?\    
wilt n ga9 ! ,l& ( ,promise borne 9 !   
hides ( dead bea/s4 ,?\ wilt f9d x ) a  
%ip made ( bo>ds4 ,s he w5t into        
,connaught1 & emb>k$ ) #fj disciples 9 a
 %ip skilfully made ( bo>ds1 & toil$ 9  
voyag+ = two ye>s2 & at l5g? came to !  
isl& :]e he w\ld be4' ,?is isl&1 h[ev]1 
is only "o ) an old man dress$ 9 fea!rs1
 :o calls x 'an holy l&1 pollut$ by no  
blood1 op5 = ! burial ( no s9n]1 444 a  
l& l ,ed51' b ?is seems to be ! only ,l&
 ( ,promise :i* 0 kn[n to ! biograph]4  
,:ile1 h[ev]1 ,i will+ly make a pres5t (
 ?is passage to ! naturali/ic           
int]pret]s1 ,i d n accept _!            
int]pretation4 ,z ,i h said1 ,i look ^u 
,br5dan's w&]+s 9 ! ,we/]n ,isles soon  
aft] 8 ord9ation1 9 se>* ( a place :]e9 
to f\nd a mona/]y1 z ! only scrap (     
hi/orical basis1 at any rate z f> z he 0

 conc]n$1 :i* ! romance possesses4 ,!   
,life says t he rea*$ _m isl&s1 b       
in/ances only two1 "o ( ^! be+ ! s-call$
 ,l& ( ,promise z above1 & ! incid5ts   
are n ( a v />tl+ "*4 ,no "o on ! o!r h&
 w d5y t ! ,voyage n>rates a s]ies (    
incid5ts ( a v />tl+ "* inde$1 & x seems
 to me beyond possibility t "s ( !m1 su*
 z ! ,judas episode1 c h ev5 a leg5d>y  
basis1 or be any?+ b pure1 unmitigat$1  
int5tional1 av[$1 undisguis$ fiction1 l 
! incid5ts ( any novel ( ! pres5t day4  
,x seems to me t !re is 9 ! romance m   
resemblance to ,lucian's ,travell]'s    
,true ,tale ?an is likely to be         
accid5tal1 & ! ,l& ( ,promise inde$     
occupies a position some:at simil> to t 
held by ! ,isl&s ( ! ,ble/ 9 t rem>kable
 skit4 ,aga9 ,i ?9k t ! ,burn+ ,isl& )  
its =ges1 & its mon/r\s inhabitants     
hurl+ rocks into ! sea aft] ! voyag]s1 &
 ! great black volcano pi]c+ ! cl\ds1 is
 v sugge/ive ( ,etna & ! ,cyclopes z    
describ$ 9 ! ,odyssey4 ,x mu/ be        
rememb]$ t ,greek s*ol>%ip 0 a good deal

 cultivat$ 9 anti5t ,irel&4 ,my own     
impression is t ! au?or1 :oev] he 01 0 a
 v pi\s man1 :o _h read ,hom] & ,lucian1
 & to :om x occurr$ t x w\ld be a nice  
?+ to write an imag9>y voyage :i* might 
unite simil> elem5ts ( int]e/ &         
excitem5t ) ! inculcation ( ,*ri/ian1   
religi\s1 & moral s5tim5ts4 ,= 8 own    
purposes he plagi>iz$ !m a little1 & ,i 
am v f> f wi%+ to cont5d t x is         
impossible t he may also h work$ 9 "s   
vague acc\nts ( ! wond]s ( ,am]ica1 :i* 
_h rea*$ 8 e>s f ! adv5tur\s voyages ( !
 ,norsem51 if inde$ 8 date 7 late en\gh1
 possibly ( ev5 e>li] navigators1 n[ to 
u unkn[n4 ,b z an :ole1 ,i look ^u !    
,fabul\s ,voyage z a composition :i* is 
really only diff]5tiat$ by ! elem5ts due
 to ! "t & place ( bir? f religi\s      
novels su* z ^? :i* enri* ! pages ( !   
,leisure ,h\r or ! ,sunday at ,home4    
#bj ,,& #ba1 ,,b$=dbury1 ,,/r&1         
,,london1 ,w4,c4