de ,france 7,bn,f_/,gallica7 at http3_/_/gallica4bnf4fr7 ,,smi?sonian ,,in/itution--,,bureau ,,( ,,e?nology4 ,,navajo ,,silv]smi?s4 ,,by ,dr4 ,,wa%+ton ,,mat!ws1 ,u4,s4,a4 ,,illu/rations4 ,,plate ,,xvi4 ,objects 9 silv] #agb ,,xvii4 ,navajo work%op #age ,,xviii4 ,crucible1 & ,s&/one molds = %ap+ silv] objects #age ,,xix4 ,objects 9 silv] #agg ,,xx4 ,navajo ,indian ) silv] ornam5ts #agh ,,navajo ,,silv]smi?s4 ,,by ,,wa%+ton ,,mat!ws4 ,among ! ,navajo ,indians !re are _m smi?s1 :o sometimes =ge iron & brass1 b :o "w *iefly 9 silv]4 ,:5 & h[ ! art ( work+ metals 0 introduc$ among !m ,i h n be5 able to det]m9e2 b !re are _m reasons = suppos+ t !y h long possess$ x2 _m believe t !y are n indebt$ to ! ,europeans = x4 ,d\btless ! tools obta9$ f ,am]ican & ,mexican trad]s h influ5c$ _! art4 ,old :ite resid5ts ( ! ,navajo c\ntry tell me t ! art has improv$ greatly )9 _! recollection2 t ! ornam5ts made fifte5 ye>s ago d n comp>e favorably ) ^? made at ! pres5t "t2 & !y attribute ?is *ange l>gely to ! rec5t introduction ( f9e files & em]y-pap]4 ,at ! "t ( ! ,conque/ ! s-call$ civiliz$ tribes ( ,mexico _h atta9$ consid]able skill 9 ! work+ ( metal1 & x has be5 inf]r$ t 9 ! same p]iod ! s$5t>y tribes ( ,new ,mexico also wr\ght at ! =ge4 ,f ei!r ( ^! s\rces ! fir/ smi?s among ! ,navajos may h le>n$ _! trade2 b ^? :o h se5 ! beautiful gold ornam5ts made by ! rude ,indians ( ,briti% ,columbia & ,alaska1 _m ( :om are alli$ 9 language to ! ,navajos1 may d\bt t ! latt] d]iv$ _! art f a p high] 9 culture ?an !mselves4 ,! appliances & processes ( ! smi? are mu* ! same among ! ,navajos z among ! ,pueblo ,indians4 ,b ! ,pueblo artisan1 liv+ 9 a spaci\s h\se1 builds a p]man5t =ge on a frame at su* a height t he c "w /&+1 :ile 8 less =tunate ,navajo confrre1 dwell+ 9 a l[ hut or %elt]1 :i* he may ab&on any day1 con/ructs a tempor>y =ge on ! gr\nd 9 ! mann] h]eaft] describ$4 ,not)/&+ ! great] disadvantages "u :i* ! latt] labors1 ! ornam5ts made by 8 h& are g5]ally conc$$ to be equal or ev5 sup]ior to ^? made by ! ,pueblo ,indian4 ,a l>ge majority ( ^! savage smi?s make only su* simple articles z buttons1 rosettes1 & bracelets2 ^? :o make ! m elaborate articles1 su* z p[d]-*>g]s1 r\nd beads 7,pl4 ,,xvi71 tobacco cases1 belts1 & bridle ornam5ts are few4 ,tobacco cases1 made 9 ! %ape ( an army cante51 su* z t repres5t$ 9 ,fig4 #f1 are made by only ?ree or f\r m5 9 ! tribe1 & ! design is ( v rec5t orig94 ,_! tools & mat]ials are few & simple2 & rude z ! results ( _! labor may appe>1 x is surpris+ t !y d s well ) su* imp]fect appliances1 :i* usually consi/ ( ! foll[+ articles3 ,a =ge1 a bell[s1 an anvil1 crucibles1 molds1 tongs1 scissors1 pli]s1 files1 awls1 cold-*isels1 matrix & die = mold+ buttons1 wood5 implem5t us$ 9 gr9d+ buttons1 wood5 /ake1 bas91 *>coal1 tools & mat]ials = sold]+ 7bl[-pipe1 braid ( cotton rags soak$ 9 grease1 wire1 & borax71 mat]ials = poli%+ 7s&-pap]1 em]y-pap]1 p[d]$ s&/one1 s&1 a%es1 & solid /one71 & mat]ials = :it5+ 7a native m9]al sub/ance--almog5--salt & wat]74 ,fig4 #a1 tak5 f a photograph1 repres5ts ! complete %op ( a silv]smi?1 :i* 0 set up tempor>ily 9 a summ] lodge or hogan1 ne> ,=t ,w+ate4 ,fragm5ts ( bo>ds1 pick$ up ar\nd ! =t1 7 us$1 9 "p1 9 ! con/ruction ( ! hogan1 an old rais9-box 0 made to s]ve z ! curb or frame ( ! =ge1 & ^! ?+s detract$ some:at f ! aborig9al aspect ( ! place4 ,a =ge built 9 an ou?\se on my own premises by an ,indian silv]smi?1 :om ,i employ$ to "w :]e ,i c\ld con/antly obs]ve him1 0 tw5ty-?ree in*es long1 sixte5 in*es broad1 five in*es 9 height to ! edge ( ! fire-place1 & ! latt]1 :i* 0 b[l-%ap$1 0 eight in*es 9 diamet] & ?ree in*es deep4 ,no o!r ,navajo =ge t ,i h se5 diff]$ mat]ially 9 size or %ape f ?is4 ,! ,indian ?us con/ruct$ x3 ,9 ! fir/ place1 he obta9$ a few /raight /icks--f\r w\ld h suffic$--& laid !m on ! gr\nd to =m a frame or curb2 !n he prep>$ "s mud1 ) :i* he fill$ ! frame1 & :i* he pil$ up two in*es above ! latt]1 leav+ ! depression = ! fire-place4 ,be=e ! /ructure ( mud 0 complet$ he laid 9 x ! wood5 nozzle ( ! bell[s1 :]e x 0 to rema91 ) "o end ab\t six in*es f ! fire-place1 & ! o!r end project+ ab\t ! same di/ance beyond ! frame2 !n he /uck into ! nozzle a r\nd piece ( wood1 :i* rea*$ f ! nozzle to ! fire-place1 & :5 ! mud "w 0 f9i%$ ! /ick 0 )drawn1 leav+ an un9flammable twe]4 ,:5 ! /ructure ( mud 0 complet$ a flat rock ab\t f\r in*es ?ick 0 laid on at ! head ( ! =ge--! end next to ! bell[s--to =m a back to ! fire1 & la/ly ! bell[s 0 ti$ on to ! nozzle1 :i*1 z m5tion$ above1 0 built into ! =ge1 ) a portion project+ to receive ! bell[s4 ,! task ( con/ruct+ ?is =ge did n occupy m ?an an h\r4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pl4 ,,xvi4 ,,objects ,,9 ,,silv]4 ,a bell[s1 ( ! k9d mo/ commonly us$1 consi/s ( a tube or bag ( goatsk91 ab\t twelve in*es 9 l5g? & ab\t t5 in*es 9 diamet]1 ti$ at "o end to its nozzle & nail$ at ! o!r to a circul> disk ( wood1 9 :i* is ! valve4 ,?is disk has two arms3 "o above = a h&le & ! o!r bel[ = a support4 ,two or m r+s or hoops ( wood are plac$ 9 ! sk9-tube to keep x di/5d$1 :ile ! tube is con/rict$ betwe5 ! hoops ) bucksk9 ?ongs1 & ?us divid$ into a numb] ( comp>tm5ts1 z %[n 9 ,pl4 ,,xvii4 ,! nozzle is made ( f\r pieces ( wood ti$ toge!r & r\nd$ on ! outside s z to =m a cyl9d] ab\t t5 in*es long & ?ree in*es 9 diamet]1 ) a quadrangul> hole 9 ! c5t] ab\t "o in* squ>e4 ,! bell[s is work$ by horizontal movem5ts ( ! arm4 ,i h se5 among ! ,navajos "o d\ble-*amb]$ bell[s ) a %eet-iron twe]4 ,?is bell[s 0 ab\t ! same size z ! s+le *amb]$ "o describ$ above4 ,x 0 also mov$ horizontally1 & by means ( an iron rod pass+ f "o end to ! o!r & atta*$ to ! disks1 "o *amb] 0 op5$ at ! same "t t ! o!r 0 clos$1 & vice v]sa4 ,?is gave a m con/ant curr5t ( air ?an ! s+le-*amb]$ implem5t1 b n z /eady a bla/ z ! bell[s ( our blacksmi?s4 ,su* a bell[s1 too1 ,i h se5 9 ! ,pueblo ( ,zui4 ,= an anvil !y usually use any suitable piece ( iron !y may happ5 to pick up1 z = in/ance an old w$ge or a l>ge bolt1 su* z ! k+-bolt ( a wagon4 ,a w$ge or o!r l>ge fragm5t ( iron may be /uck 9 ! gr\nd to /eady x4 ,a bolt is ma9ta9$ 9 position by be+ driv5 into a log4 ,h>d /ones are /ill sometimes us$ = anvils & p]haps !y 71 at "o "t1 ! only anvils !y possess$4 ,crucibles are made by ! m c>eful smi?s ( clay1 bak$ h>d1 & !y are ne>ly ! same %ape z ^? us$ by our metallurgi/s1 hav+ ?ree-corn]$ edges & r\nd$ bottoms4 ,!y are usually ab\t two in*es 9 e dim5sion4 ,fig4 #a1 ,pl4 ,,xviii repres5ts "o ( ord9>y %ape & size1 :i* ,i h 9 my collection4 ,! ,navajos are n good pott]s2 _! e>!nw>e be+ limit$ to ^! crucibles & a few unornam5t$ wat]-j>s2 & x is probably 9 consequ5ce ( _! inexp]i5ce 9 ! c]amic art t _! crucibles are n durable4 ,aft] be+ put 9 ! fire two or ?ree times !y swell & become v por\s1 & :5 us$ = a long] "t !y (t5 crack & fall to pieces4 ,"s smi?s1 in/ead ( mak+ crucibles1 melt _! metal 9 suitable fragm5ts ( ,pueblo pott]y1 :i* may be pick$ up ar\nd ru9s 9 _m localities ?r\gh\t ! ,navajo c\ntry or pur*as$ f ! ,pueblo ,indians4 ,! m\lds 9 :i* !y ca/ _! +ots1 cut 9 s(t s&/one ) a home-made *isel1 are s easily =m$ t ! smi? leaves !m beh9d :5 he moves 8 resid5ce4 ,ea* m\ld is cut approximately 9 ! %ape ( ! article :i* is to be wr\ght out ( ! +ot ca/ 9 x1 & x is greas$ ) suet be=e ! metal is p\r$ 94 ,9 ,figs4 #b & #c1 ,pl4 ,,xviii1 are repres5t$ pieces ( s&-/one1 grav5 = molds1 n[ 9 my possession4 ,! figures are "o-?ird ! dim5sions ( ! subjects4 ,9 ! middle cavity or m\ld %[n 9 ,fig4 #b1 ,pl4 ,,xviii1 0 ca/ ! +ot f :i* 0 wr\ght ! arr[-%ap$ h&le ( ! p[d]-*>g] %[n 9 ,pl4 ,,xix2 9 ! l[] cavity depict$ 9 ! same figure 0 m\ld$ ! piece f :i* ! b[l ( ?is *>g] 0 =m$4 ,! circul> depression1 del9eat$ 9 ! l[] "r corn] ( ,fig4 #c1 ,pl4 ,,xviii1 gave =m to ! +ot f :i* ! sides ( ! cante5-%ap$ tobacco-case 7,fig4 #f7 0 made4 ,tongs are (t5 made by ! ,navajo silv]smi?s4 ,"o ( ^! :i* ,i saw _h a ,u-%ap$ spr+ jo9t1 & ! ends 7 b5t at "r angles d[nw>ds1 s z m effectually to grasp ! flat-sid$ crucible4 ,(t5 nipp]s or scissors are us$ z tongs4 ,ord9>y scissors1 pur*as$ f ! :ites1 are us$ = cutt+3 _! metal aft] x is wr\ght into ?9 plates4 ,! metal saw & metal %e>s d n seem z yet to h be5 import$ = _! b5efit4 ,"s ( ! m poorly provid$ smi?s use _! scissors also = tongs1 reg>dless or ignorant ( consequ5ces1 & :5 ! %e>s lose _! temp] & become loose-jo9t$ & blunt1 ! ef=ts ( ! ,indian to cut a r ?ick plate ( silv] are curi\s to see4 ,(t51 !n1 "o or two by/&]s are call$ to hold ! plate 9 a horizontal position1 & p]haps ano!r w be ask$ to hold ! po9ts ( ! scissors to keep !m f spread+4 ,scissors are sometimes us$ z divid]s1 by be+ spread to ! desir$ di/ance & held 9 position by be+ grasp$ 9 ! h&4 ,by ?is means ,i h se5 !m attempt to f9d c5t]s1 b n to describe circles4 ,x is probable t _h !y tru/$ to ! eye !y might h f\nd _! c5t]s z well4 ,_! iron pli]s1 hamm]s1 & files !y pur*ase f ! :ites4 ,pli]s1 bo? flat-po9t$ & r\nd-po9t$1 are us$ z ) u4 ,( files !y usually employ only small sizes1 & ! v>ieties !y pref] are ! flat1 triangul>1 & rat-tail4 ,files are us$ n only = _! legitimate purposes1 z ) u1 b ! %anks s]ve = pun*es & ! po9ts = grav]s1 ) :i* figures are engrav$ on silv]4 ,! ,indians usually make _! own cold-*isels4 ,^! are n us$ :]e ! scissors & file c be conv5i5tly & economically employ$4 ,! re-entrant rectangles on ! bracelet repres5t$ 9 ,fig4 #d1 ,pl4 ,,xix1 7 cut ) a cold-*isel & f9i%$ ) a file4 ,awls are us$ to m>k figures on ! silv]4 ,(t5 !y cut out ( pap] a patt]n1 :i* !y lay on ! silv]1 trac+ ! outl9e ) an awl4 ,^! tools are sometimes pur*as$ & sometimes made by ! ,indians4 ,i h se5 "o made f a brok5 knife :i* _h be5 pick$ up ar\nd ! =t4 ,! blade _h be5 gr\nd d[n to a po9t4 ,metallic hemisph]es = beads & buttons are made 9 a concave matrix by means ( a r\nd-po9t$ bolt :i* ,i w call a die4 ,^! tools are always made by ! ,indians4 ,on "o b> ( iron !re may be _m matrices ( diff]5t sizes1 only "o die fitt+ ! smalle/ concavity1 is requir$ to "w ! metal 9 all4 ,9 ! picture ( ! smi?y 7,pl4 ,,xvii1 9 ! "r l[] corn] beside ! t9-plate71 a piece ( an old horse-%oe may be se5 9 :i* a few matrices h be5 work$1 &1 beside x1 ! die us$ 9 connection ) ! matrices4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pl4 ,,xviii4 ,,crucible1 ,,& ,,s&/one ,,molds ,,= ,,%ap+ ,,silv] ,,objects4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pl4 ,,xvii4 ,,work%op ,,( ,,navajo ,,silv]smi?4 ,a little in/rum5t employ$ 9 levell+ ! edges ( ! metallic hemisph]es1 is rude b effective4 ,9 "o end ( a cyl9d] ( wood1 ab\t ?ree or f\r in*es long1 is cut a small r\ndi% cavity ( su* a size t x w hold ! hemisph]e tightly1 b all[ ! unev5 edges to project4 ,! hemisph]e is plac$ 9 ?is1 & !n rubb$ on a flat piece ( s&/one until ! edges are worn level ) ! base ( ! wood5 cyl9d]4 ,! uses ( ! bas9 & ! wood5 /ake are describ$ fur!r on4 ,_! me?od ( prep>+ *>coal is mu* m exp$iti\s ?an t usually employ$ by our *>coal-burn]s1 b m wa/eful2 wood1 h[ev]1 ne$ n yet be economiz$ on ! junip]-cov]$ mesas ( ,new ,mexico4 ,!y build a l>ge fire ( dry junip]1 & :5 x has ceas$ to flame & is r$uc$ to a mass ( gl[+ coals1 !y smo!r x well ) e>? & leave x to cool4 ,if ! fire is k9dl$ at sunset1 ! *>coal is ready = use next morn+4 ,! smi? makes 8 own bl[-pipe1 out ( brass1 usually by beat+ a piece ( ?ick brass wire into a flat /rip1 & !n b5d+ ?is into a tube4 ,! pipe is ab\t a foot long1 slightly tap]+ & curv$ at "o end2 !re is no arrangem5t = reta9+ ! moi/ure proce$+ f ! m\?4 ,^! ,indians d n und]/& our me?od ( mak+ an air *amb] ( ! m\?2 !y bl[ ) undi/5d$ *eeks1 h5ce ! curr5t ( air direct$ on ! flame is int]mitt+4 ,! flame us$ 9 sold]+ ) ! bl[-pipe is d]iv$ f a ?ick braid ( cotton rags soak$ 9 mutton suet or o!r grease4 ,_! borax is pur*as$ f ! :ites1 & f ! same s\rce is d]iv$ ! f9e wire ) :i* !y b9d toge!r ! p>ts to be sold]$4 ,i h be5 told by reliable p]sons t x is n _m ye>s s9ce ! ,navajos employ$ a flux m9$ by !mselves 9 _! own c\ntry2 b1 f9d+ ! pure borax introduc$ by ! trad]s to be mu* bett]1 !y gradually ab&on$ ! use ( ! =m] sub/ance4 ,= poli%+1 !y h s&-pap] & em]y-pap] pur*as$ f ! :ites2 b z ^! are exp5sive1 !y are usually requir$ only = ! f9i%+ t\*es1 ! fir/ "p ( ! "w be+ done ) p[d]$ s&/one1 s&1 or a%es1 all ( :i* are us$ ) or )\t wat]4 ,at c]ta9 /ages 9 ! progress ( ! "w1 "s articles are rubb$ on a piece ( s&/one to r$uce ! surfaces to smoo?ness2 b ! /one1 9 ?is in/ance1 is m a sub/itute = ! file ?an = ! s&-pap]4 ,p]haps ,i %\ld say t ! file is a sub/itute = ! /one1 = !re is little d\bt t /one1 s&1 & a%es prec$$ file & pap] 9 ! %op ( ! ,indian smi?4 ,= blan*+ ! silv]1 :5 ! =g+ is done1 !y use a m9]al sub/ance f\nd 9 v>i\s p>ts ( _! c\ntry1 :i*1 ,i am in=m$ by ,mr4 ,taylor1 ( ! ,smi?sonian ,in/itution1 is a hydr\s sulphate ( alum9a1 call$ almog54 ,?is !y dissolve 9 wat]1 9 a metal bas91 ) ! addition1 sometimes1 ( salt4 ,! silv]1 be+ fir/ slightly heat$ 9 ! =ge1 is boil$ 9 ?is solution & 9 a %ort "t becomes v :ite4 ,! processes ( ! ,navajo silv]smi? may be be/ und]/ood f descriptions ( ! ways 9 :i* he makes "s ( 8 silv] ornam5t4 ,i once engag$ two ( ! be/ workm5 9 ! tribe to come to ,=t ,w+ate & "w "u my obs]vation = a week4 ,!y put up _! =ge 9 a small outbuild+ at night1 & e>ly next morn+ !y 7 at "w4 ,_! labor 0 almo/ all p]=m$ :ile !y 7 sitt+ or cr\*+ on ! gr\nd 9 v con/ra9$ positions2 yet ,i nev] saw m5 :o work$ h>d] or m /eadily4 ,!y (t5 labor$ f twelve to fifte5 h\rs a day1 eat+ _! meals ) dispat* & return+ to _! toil ! mom5t !y _h done4 ,occasionally !y /opp$ to roll a cig>ette or consult ab\t _! "w1 b !y lo/ v few mom5ts 9 ?is way4 ,!y work$ by ! job & _! prices 7 su* t !y e>n$ ab\t two doll>s a day ea*4 ,! fir/ ?+ !y made 0 a p[d] *>g] ) a h&le 9 ! %ape ( a d>t 7,fig4 #b1 ,pl4 ,,xix74 ,hav+ cut 9 s&/one rock 7,fig4 #b1 ,pl4 ,,xviii7 ! necess>y grooves = molds & greas$ ! same1 !y melt$ two ,mexican doll>s--"o = ! b[l or receptacle1 & "o = ! h&le--& p\r$ ea* "o into its appropriate mold4 ,!n ea* smi? w5t to "w on a sep>ate "p2 b !y help$ "o ano!r :5 necess>y4 ,! +ot ca/ = ! receptacle 0 beat5 into a plate 7triangul> 9 %ape1 ) obtuse corn]s71 ( a size :i* ! smi? guess$ w\ld be l>ge en\gh = 8 purpose4 ,be=e ! process ( b5d+ 0 q complet$ ! m>g9s t 7 to =m ! seam 7 /raight5$ by clipp+ & fil+ s z to assume a pretty accurate contact1 & :5 ! b5d+ 0 done1 a small gap /ill left 9 ! seam 0 fill$ ) a %r$ ( silv] beat5 94 ,! cone1 at ?is /age1 be+ ind5t$ & irregul>1 ! workman ?ru/ into x a conical /ake or m&rel1 :i* he _h =m$ c>efully out ( h>d wood1 & ) g5tle taps ( ! hamm] soon made ! cone ev5 & %apely4 ,next1 )draw+ ! /ake1 he laid on ! seam a mixture ( borax & m9ute clipp+s ( silv] moi/5$ ) saliva1 put ! article into ! fire1 seam up1 blew ) ! bell[s until ! silv] 0 at a dull r$-heat1 & !n appli$ ! bl[-pipe & flame until ! sold]+ 0 complet$4 ,9 ! meantime ! o!r smi? _h1 ) hamm] & file1 wr\ght ! h&le until x 0 suffici5tly =m$ to be jo9$ to ! receptacle1 ! base ( ! h&le be+ fil$ d[n = a l5g? ( ab\t a qu>t] ( an in* s t x w\ld fit tightly into ! orifice at ! apex ( ! receptacle4 ,! two p>ts 7 !n adju/$ & b\nd firmly toge!r ) a f9e wire pass+ 9 v>i\s directions1 ov] ! base ( ! cone1 across ! protub]ances on ! d>t-%ap$ h&le1 & ar\nd bo?4 ,?is done1 ! p>ts 7 sold]$ toge!r 9 ! mann] already describ$1 ! r+ by :i* x is susp5d$ 0 fa/5$ on1 ! edge ( ! receptacle 0 clipp$ & fil$1 & ! :ole 0 br\ght into good %ape ) file1 s&1 em]y-pap]1 c4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pl4 ,,xix4 ,,objects ,,9 ,,silv]4 ,! *as+ 0 ! next process4 ,to make ! r\nd ind5tations on ! h&le1 "o smi? held ! article on ! anvil :ile ! o!r appli$ ! po9t ( ! %ank ( a file--previ\sly r\nd$--& /ruck ! file ) a hamm]4 ,! o!r figures 7 made ) ! %>p5$ po9t ( a file1 pu%$ =w>d ) a zigzag motion ( ! h&4 ,:5 ! *as+ 0 done ! silv] 0 blan*$ by ! process be=e ref]r$ to1 be+ occasionally tak5 f ! boil+ solution ( almog5 to be rubb$ ) a%es & s&4 ,= ab\t five h\rs bo? ( ! smi?s work$ toge!r on ?is p[d]-*>g]2 subsequ5tly1 = ab\t ?ree h\rs' m1 !re 0 only "o man engag$ on x2 s t1 9 all1 ?irte5 h\rs labor 0 sp5t 9 con/ruct+ x4 ,( ?is "t1 ab\t t5 h\rs 7 consum$ 9 =g+1 ab\t "o & "o-half h\rs 9 fil+ & rubb+1 & ab\t ! same "t 9 ornam5t+ & clean+4 ,9 mak+ ! holl[ silv] beads !y did n melt ! silv]1 b beat out a ,mexican doll> until x 0 ( ! prop] t5uity--frequ5tly anneal+ x 9 ! =ge z ! "w advanc$4 ,:5 ! plate 0 ready !y c>efully describ$ on x1 ) an awl1 a figure 7:i*1 by c\rtesy1 we w call a circle7 t !y conjectur$ w\ld include a disk l>ge en\gh to make half a bead ( ! requir$ size4 ,! disk 0 !n cut out ) scissors1 trimm$1 & us$ z a patt]n to cut o!r circul> pieces by4 ,"o ( ! smi?s proce$$ to cut out ! re/ ( ! plan*ets1 :ile 8 p>tn] =m$ !m into holl[ hemisph]es ) 8 matrix & die4 ,he did n put !m at once into ! cavity f :i* !y 7 to get _! f9al %ape1 b fir/ work$ !m a little 9 "o or m l>g] cavities1 s z to br+ !m gradually to ! desir$ =m4 ,next ! hemisph]es 7 level$ at ! edges by a me?od already describ$1 & subsequ5tly p]=at$ by hold+ !m1 convex surface d[nw>ds1 on a piece ( wood1 & driv+ ?r\gh !m ! %ank ( a file ) bl[s ( a hamm]4 ,by ?is means ( bor+1 a neck 0 left project+ f ! hole1 :i* 0 n fil$ (f until ! sold]+ 0 done4 ,! hemisph]es 7 n[ /rung or1 ,i may say1 spitt$ on a /\t wire 9 pairs =m+ globes4 ,! wire or spit ref]r$ to 0 b5t at "o end & suppli$ ) a wa%] to keep ! heads f slipp+ (f1 & all ! pieces be+ press$ closely toge!r 7 secur$ 9 position by _m wraps ( f9] wire at ! o!r end ( ! spit4 ,! mixture ( borax1 saliva1 & silv] 0 next appli$ to ! seams ( all ! beads2 !y 7 put into ! fire & all sold]$ at "o op]ation4 ,:5 tak5 f ! fire !y 7 f9i%$ by fil+1 poli%+ & blan*+4 ,^! ,indians are q f]tile 9 design4 ,9 ,pl4 ,,xix are %[n two p[d]-*>g]s1 :i* ,i consid] v graceful 9 =m4 ,i h se5 _m ( ^! p[d]-*>g]s1 all v graceful1 b no two alike except 9 cases :]e duplicates _h be5 specially ord]$4 ,_! designs ^u bracelets & r+s are ( great v>iety4 ,ornam5ts = bridles1 consi/+ ( broad b&s ( silv]1 suffici5t 9 size & numb] to almo/ entirely conceal ! lea!r1 are n p>ticul>ly h&some1 b are greatly 9 dem& among ! ,navajos & are ext5sively manufactur$ by !m4 ,lea!r belts /udd$ ) l>ge plates ( silv] are favorite articles ( app>el1 & (t5 conta9 metal to ! value ( =ty or fifty doll>s4 ,pl4 ,,xx repres5ts an ,indian we>+ su* a belt1 9 :i* only ?ree ( ! plates are %[n4 ,s+le & d\ble crosses ( silv] are repres5t$ atta*$ to 8 necklace4 ,! cross is mu* worn by ! ,navajos1 among :om1 ,i und]/&1 x is n int5d$ to repres5t ! ,cross ( ,*ri/1 b is a symbol ( ! morn+ />4 ,! l5g!n+ ( ! l[] limb1 h[ev]1 is probably copi$ f ! usual =m ( ! ,*ri/ian emblem4 ,^! savage smi?s also display mu* +5uity 9 work+ f models & f draw+s ( objects entirely new to !m4 ,!y are v wa/eful ( mat]ial4 ,!y usually pres]ve ! clipp+s & melt !m 9 ! crucible1 or use !m 9 sold]+2 b !y make no attempt to save ! metal c>ri$ (f 9 fil+1 poli%+1 & by oxidiz+ 9 ! =ge1 all ( :i* is consid]able4 ,9 "o article ( silv]1 = :i*1 all[+ = clipp+s sav$1 #hcf gra9s 7 giv5 to ! smi?1 & ! "w on :i* ,i wat*$ s closely ?r\gh\t t ,i am c]ta9 none ( ! mat]ial 0 /ol51 !re 0 a loss ( #abj gra9s1 or ov] #ad p] c5t4 ,! smi?s :om ,i h se5 work+ _h no divid]s1 squ>e1 measure1 or any in/rum5t ( precision4 ,z be=e /at$1 ,i h se5 scissors us$ z compasses1 b z a rule !y f9d approximate c5t]s ) ! eye1 & cut all %apes & engrave all figures by ! unaid$ guidance ( ?is unreliable organ4 ,(t5 !y cut out _! designs 9 pap] fir/ & f !m m>k (f patt]ns on ! metal4 ,ev5 9 ! matt] ( cutt+ patt]ns !y d n seem to "k ! simple device ( d\bl+ ! pap] 9 ord] to secure lat]al uni=mity4 ,"h ends my description ( ! smi?craft ( a rude b docile & progressive p4 ,i tru/ t x may s]ve n only to illu/rate "s aspects ( _! m5tal condition1 _! inv5tive & imitative tal5ts1 b possibly to %$ "s light on ! condition & diffusion ( ! art ( ! metali/ 9 ! prehi/oric days ( our cont95t1 not)/&+ ! fact t "s elem5ts ( _! craft are ( rec5t introduction & o!rs ( d\btful orig94 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 ,,xx4 ,,navajo ,,indian ,,) ,,silv] ,,ornam5ts4 ,,index4 ,almog5 us$ by ,navajoes 9 blan*+ silv] #age ,articles made by ,navajo silv]smi?s #aga1 #agf ,bell[s us$ by ,navajo silv]smi?s #agb ,blan*+ silv]1 ,navajo me?od ( #age ,bl[-pipe ( ,navajo silv]smi?s #age ,*>coal1 ,navajo me?od ( prep>+ #age ,*as+ silv]1 ,navajo me?od ( #agf ,co9 us$ by ,navajo silv]smi?s #agg ,cross design associat$ ) o!rs 9 ,navajo silv] ornam5tation #agh ,crucibles ( ,navajo silv]smi?s #agc ,f]tility ( design ( ,navajo silv]smi?s #agg ,files us$ 9 engrav+ silv] #agd ,=ge ( ! ,navajo silv]smi? #agb ,improvem5t ( ! silv]smi?'s craft among ! ,navajoes #aga ,mat!ws1 ,dr4 ,w41 ,navajo silv]smi?s by1 #afg ,m\lds us$ by ,navajo ,silv]smi?s #agc ,silv]smi?'s craft among ! ,navajoes #aga ,poli%+ silv]1 ,navajo me?od ( #age ,processes ( ! ,navajo silv]smi? #aga1 #agf 2 blan*+ #age 2 *as+ #agf 2 poli%+ #age 2 sold]+ #agf ,silv]smi? among ! ,navajos & ,pueblos1 ,orig9 ( #aga ,sold]+ silv]1 ,navajo me?od ( #agf ,tools us$ by ,navajo silv]smi? #agb 2 anvil #agc 2 awl #agd 2 bell[s #agb 2 bl[-pipe #age 2 cold-*isel #agd 2 crucibles #agc 2 files #agd 2 hamm]s #agd ineffici5t #agh 2 metallic hemisph]es #agd 2 molds #agc 2 pli]s #agd 2 scissors #agd1 #agh ,wa/efulness ( ! ,navajo silv]smi? #agd1 #agh