,,! ,,que/ ,,( ,,! ,,simple ,,life  by  
,w4 ,j4 ,,dawson        ,new ,york ,e4  
,p4 ,dutton & ,co4 #ca ,we/ ,tw5ty-,?ird
 ,/reet #aijg ,ed9burgh3 ,t4 & ,a4      
,con/able1 ,pr9t]s to ,8 ,maje/y        
,ducite ab urbe domum1 mea c>m9a1 ducite
 ,daphnim4       ,,virg41 ,ecl4 viii41  
l4 #gb4      ,,cont5ts   ,,*apt] ,i  ,,!
 ,,h\se ,,( ,,bondage   ,,*apt] ,,ii    
,,gett+ ,,! ,,be/ ,,out ,,( ,,life      
,,*apt] ,,iii  ,,gett+ ,a ,,liv+1 ,,&   
,,liv+   ,,*apt] ,,iv  ,,e>?-,,hung]    
,,*apt] ,v  ,,heal? ,,& ,,economics     
,,*apt] ,,vi  ,,9 ,,se>* ,,( ,,!        
,,picturesque   ,,*apt] ,,vii  ,i ,,f9d 
,,my ,,cottage   ,,*apt] ,,viii  ,,buy+ 
,,happ9ess   ,,*apt] ,,ix  ,,h[ ,,we    
,,liv$   ,,*apt] ,x  ,,neighb\r%ip      
,,*apt] ,,xi  ,,! ,,w\nds ,,( ,a ,,fri5d
   ,,*apt] ,,xii  ,,am ,i ,,"r8         
,,*apt] ,,xiii  ,,! ,,city ,,( ,,!      
,,future     ,,*apt] ,i  ,,! ,,h\se ,,( 
,,bondage  ,= a consid]able numb] ( ye>s
 ,i _h be5 a resid5t 9 ,london1 :i* city
 ,i reg>d$ alt]nately z my ,p>adise & my

 ,h\se ( ,bondage4  ,i am by no means "o
 ( ^? :o are always ready to fl+        
opprobri\s epi!ts at ,london1 su* z 'a  
pe/il5t w51' a clu/] ( 'squalid         
villages1' & ! l2 on ! contr>y1 ,i reg>d
 ,london z ! mo/ fasc9at+ ( all cities1 
) ! "o exception ( t city ( ,et]nal     
,memories beside ! ,tib]4  ,b ev5       
,horace lov$ ! olive-groves ( ,tivoli m 
?an ! f>-rang$ spl5d\rs ( ! ,palat9e2 & 
,i may be p>don$ if an occasional vision
 ( gre5 fields (t5 left my eye          
ins5sitive to metropolitan attractions4 
,?is is a some:at sonor\s preface to !  
small matt] ( my /ory2 b ,i am anxi\s to
 elaborate x a little1 le/ x %\ld be    
imag9$ t ,i am m]ely a p]son ( bucolic  
m9d1 to :om all cities or l>ge          
congregations ( my fell[-m5 are 9       
!mselves abhorr5t4  ,on ! contr>y ,i h  
an inh]5t love ( all cities :i* are     
some?+ m ?an m]e c5tres ( manufactur+   
indu/ry4  ,! truly admirable city       
secures int]e/1 & ev5 passionate love1 n
 because x is a cong]ies ( ?riv+        

factories1 b r by ! dignity ( its       
position1 ! spl5d\r ( its ar*itecture1 !
 v>iety & volume ( its life1 ! imp]ial1 
lit]>y1 & arti/ic int]e/s ( :i* x is !  
c5tre1 & ! prolongation ( its hi/ory    
?r\gh tumultu\s p]iods ( "t1 :i* fade   
into ! sugge/ive %ad[s ( antiquity4     
,london answ]s p]fectly to ?is def9ition
 ( ! truly admirable city4  ,x has be5 !
 /age ( innum]able hi/oric pageants2 x  
pres5ts an unexampl$ v>iety ( life2 &   
!re is maje/y 9 ! m]e s5se ( multitude )
 :i* x arre/s & (t5 ov]p[]s ! m9d4  ,z  
,i h already1 ) an innoc5t imp]t95ce1   
ju/ifi$ myself by ,horace1 s ,i w n[    
ju/ify myself by ,wordswor?1 ^: fam\s   
sonnet writt5 on ,we/m9/] ,bridge is    
suffici5t pro( t he c\ld feel ! *>m (   
cities z deeply z ! *>m ( ,nature4      
',e>? ha? n any?+ to %[ m fair1' wrote  
,wordswor?1 & ( a tru? ,london has moods
 & mom5ts ( almo/ une>?ly beauty1 p]haps
 unp>allel$ by any vision t inebriates !
 eye 9 ! mo/ gorge\s dawn t flu%es      
,alp9e sn[s1 or ! mo/ solemn sunset t   

builds a gate ( gold across ! pr(\nd    
dep? ( ,borr[dale or ,wa/wat]4  ,he :o  
has se5 ! t[] ( ,/4 ,clem5t ,danes swim 
up1 l an insub/antial fabric1 ?r\gh     
violet mi/ above ! ro>+ ,/r&2 or ! gold5
 ,cross ^u ,/4 ,paul's ) a flag ( t9t$  
cl\d fly+ f x2 or ! solemn rea*es ( !   
,?ames ba!d 9 smoky purple at ! sl[     
close ( a summ]'s day1 w "k :at ,i mean1
 & w 7x is possible7 h "s memory ( 8 own
 :i* w endorse ! ju/ness ( my praise4   
,f ?is exalt$ prelude ,i w at once      
desc5d to m prosaic matt]1 leav+ my     
read]1 9 8 *>ity1 to devise = me an     
apology :i* ,i h nei!r ! wit nor !      
desire to inv5t = myself4  ,) ! be/ w 9 
! _w to speak 9 praise ( cities x mu/ be
 own$ t ! epic & lyric mom5ts ( ,london 
are infrequ5t4  ,z a casual resid5t 9   
,london1 a /ud5t & spectator1 free to   
leave x :5 ,i will$1 ,i c\ld h be5      
he>tily cont5t2 b ,i1 9 common ) "s     
insignificant millions ( my             
fell[-creatures1 0 b\nd to live 9       
,london z a means ( liv+ at all4  ,he is

 no true citiz5 :o m]ely comes up to t[n
 '= ! season1' alt]nat+ ! pleasures (   
t[n ) ^? ( ! c\ntry2 he alone is ! true 
citiz5 :o mu/ live amid ! ro> ( ! /reet 
all ! ye> r\nd1 & = ye>s toge!r4  ,if ,i
 c\ld *oose = myself ,i w\ld ev5 n[     
*oose ! life ( pleasant alt]nation      
betwe5 t[n & c\ntry1 because ,i am      
p]suad$ t ! true piquancy & ze/ ( all   
pleasures lies 9 contra/4  ,b fate ord]s
 ^! ?+s = u1 & takes no acc\nt ( our    
desires1 unless x be to treat !m )      
habitual irony4  ,at five-&-tw5ty ! pla9
 fact met me--t ,i mu/ ne$s live 9      
,london1 because my bread c\ld be e>n$  
n[h]e else4  ,no *oice 0 p]mitt$ me2 ,i 
mu/ g :]e cr[ds 71 because f ! fav\r or 
necessities ( su* cr[ds ,i mu/ ga!r !   
scanty ti!s :i* put food ^u my table &  
clo!s ^u my back4  ,:5 em95t writ]s1    
seat$ at ample desks1 f :i* !y comm&    
fair views ( op5 c\ntry1 d5\nce )       
prophetic f]v\r ! p]ils :i* att5d ! gr[?
 ( cities1 !y some:at ov]look ! fact t !
 gr[? ( cities is a sequ5ce1 alike      

ineluctable & pitiless1 ( ! mod]n       
/ruggle = exi/5ce4  ,"o _c be a lawy]1  
or a bank]1 a physician or a j\rnali/1  
)\t neighb\rs4  ,he c sc>ce be a lit]>y 
man 9 p]fect sylvan solitude1 unless 8  
"w is ( su* quality--p]haps ,i %\ld h   
said su* popul>ity--t x w9s = him       
imm$iate paym5t1 or unless 8 private    
=tune be su* t he c pursue 8 aims z a   
writ] ) entire indiff]5ce to !          
half-ye>ly /atem5ts ( 8 publi%]4  ,9    
respect ( ! v>i\s employm5ts ( trade &  
comm]ce1 ! case is /ill pla9]4  ,m5 mu/ 
ne$s g :]e ! be/ wages may be e>n$2 & "u
 mod]n conditions ( life x is z natural 
t population %\ld fl[ t[>d cities1 z t  
riv]s %\ld seek ! sea4  ,^! matt]s w be 
m p>ticul>ly discuss$ lat] on2 x is     
en\gh = me to expla9 at pres5t t ,i 0 "o
 ( ^? p]sons = :om life 9 a city 0 an   
absolute necessity4  ,x is n until "o is
 ti$ to a locality t its defects become 
app>5t4  ,a /reet t int]e/s ! m9d by "s 
*>m ( popul\s vivacity :5 x is trav]s$  
at r&om & )\t object1 becomes           

inexpressibly we>isome :5 x is !        
?or\ghf>e ( daily duty4  ,my daily duty 
took me ?r\gh a long /ret* ( ,ox=d      
,/reet1 :i* is a /reet n altoge!r       
de/itute ( "s real claim to gaiety &    
dignity4  ,at fir/ ,i 0 ready to conc$e 
?is claim1 & ev5 to endorse x )         
en?usiasm2 b f ! day :5 ,i realis$ t    
,ox=d ,/reet conduct$ me1 by a =ce (    
inevitable gravitation1 to a desk 9 an  
(fice1 ,i began to loa! x4  ,! eye      
became consci\s ( a hundr$ defects &    
incongruities2 ! tall h\ses rose l      
prison walls2 ! res\nd+ tumult ( !      
/reets seem$ l ! clam\r ( torm5t$       
spirits4  ,= ! fir/ "t ,i began to      
und]/& :y imag9ative writ]s _h (t5 lik5$
 ,london to ,inf]no4  ,i well rememb] by
 :at a s]ies ( curi\s exp$i5ts ,i       
endeav\r$ to evade ^! s5sations4  ,! mo/
 obvi\s 0 altoge!r to avoid ?is glitt]+ 
& dete/$ ?or\ghf>e by mak+ long det\rs  
?r\gh ! mean] /reets :i* lay beh9d x2 b 
?is 0 m]ely to ex*ange "o k9d ( ae/hetic
 mis]y :i* _h "s alleviations = ano!r   

k9d :i* _h none4  ,sometimes ,i         
endeav\r$ to contrive a d\btful         
exhil>ation f ! contra/ :i* ^! mean]    
/reets af=d$2 say+ to myself1 z ,i pu%$ 
my way ?r\gh ! co/]s' /alls ( ,great    
,james ,/reet1 ',n[ y are ex*ang+       
squalor = magnific5ce4 ,be prep>$ = a   
surprise4'  ,b ! ruse fail$ utt]ly1 & my
 m9d laugh$ al\d at ! pitiful impo/ure4 
,ano!r device 0 to create po9ts (       
int]e/1 l a s]ies ( %r9es along a t$i\s 
road1 :i* %\ld pres5t "s aspect (       
allurem5t4  ,!re 0 a book-%op "h or an  
art-%op !re2 ye/]day a biography (      
,napoleon 0 exhibit$ 9 ! "o1 or a pr9t (
 ,murillo's ',flight into ,egypt1' 9 !  
o!r2 & x is become a matt] ( speculation
 :e!r !y 7 !re to-day4  ,j z a solit>y  
sailor w beguile ! t$ium ( empty days at
 sea by a k9d ( cribbage1 9 :i* ! left  
h& plays aga9/ ! "r1 s ,i laid odds = & 
aga9/ myself on su* trifles z ^!1 & ev5 
w5t s f> z to keep an acc\nt ( my       
successes & my failures4  ,?us1 = a :ole
 mon? ,i 0 int]e/$ 9 a p]son q unkn[n to

 me1 :o wore an obsolete :ite beav] hat1
 appe>$ punctually at ! corn] ( ,bond   
,/reet at half-pa/ five 9 ! aft]noon1 & 
sp5t half an h\r 9 turn+ ov] ! odd      
volumes display$ on ! /reet bo>d ( a    
secondh&-book %op n f> f ,ox=d ,circus4 
,8 appe>ances 7 s planet>y 9 _!         
regul>ity t "o might h reckon$ "t by !m4
  ,:o he 01 or :at 8 objects 9 life may 
h be51 ,i nev] le>n$4  ,i nev] saw him  
walk b 9 ! "o direction2 ,i nev] saw him
 buy "o ( ! _m books :i* he exam9$3     
p]haps he also 0 afflict$ ) ! t$ium (   
,london1 & took ?is s+ul> way ( gett+   
?r\gh a portion ( 8 /]ile day ) a       
simulat$ int]e/4  ,at all ev5ts he af=d$
 me an int]e/1 & :5 he vani%$ at ! end (
 ! mon?1 ,ox=d ,/reet once m became     
intol]able to me4  ,^! p>ticul>s appe> s
 fooli% & s trivial t mo/ p]sons w f9d  
!m ridicul\s1 & ev5 ! mo/ sympa!tic w   
p]haps wond] :y !y are record$4  ,!y 71 
h[ev]1 f> f trivial to me4  ,! m>oon$   
seaman saves 8 sanity by cutt+ not*es 9 
a /ick1 ! solit>y prison] by fri5d%ip ) 

a m\se2 & :5 life is r$uc$ to ! la/     
exiguity ( n>r[ness1 ! int]e/s ( life w 
be n>r[ too4  ,no writ]1 ^: "w is       
famili> to me1 has ev] yet describ$ )   
unsp>+ fidelity ! k9d ( mis]y :i* lies 9
 hav+ to d precisely ! same ?+s at !    
same h\r1 ?r\gh long & consecutive      
p]iods ( "t4  ,! h\rs !n become a dead  
weight :i* oppresses ! _s to ! po9t (   
torture4  ,life itself resembles ^?     
dreadful dreams ( *ildhood1 9 :i* we see
 ! ceil+ & ! walls ( ! room contract    
r\nd "o's helpless & immobile =m4       
,bless$ is he :o has v>iety 9 8 life3   
?rice bless$ is he :o has bo? fre$om &  
v>iety3 b ! subord9ate toil] 9 ! va/    
me*anism ( a great city has nei!r4  ,he 
w sit at ! same desk1 gaze ^u ! same    
un5d+ r[s ( figures1 d1 9 fact1 ! same  
?+s ye> 9 & ye> out till 8 y\? has )]$  
into age4  ,he himself becomes little   
bett] ?an a me*anism4  ,!re is no =m (  
outdoor employm5t ( :i* ?is c be said4  
,! life ( ! agricultural lab\r]1 s (t5  
piti$ = its monotony1 is v>iety itself  

comp>$ ) ! life ( ! comm]cial cl]k4  ,! 
lab\r]'s tasks are at lea/ *ang$ by !   
seasons2 b "t br+s no su* div]sion to ! 
cl]k4  ,x is ?is horrible monotony :i* s
 (t5 makes ! cl]k a f\l-m9d$ creature2  
driv5 9 ^u himself1 he has to create "s 
k9d ( drama = 8 in/9cts & imag9ations1 &
 (t5 f ! sorrie/ mat]ial4  ,:5 ,i play$ 
s+le-h&$ cribbage ) ! few trivial       
int]e/s :i* ,i knew1 ,i at lea/ took an 
innoc5t div]sion2 & ,i may claim t my   
absurd fancies injur$ no "o1 & 7 c]ta9ly
 ( "s s]vice to myself4  ,! outsid]     
usually imag9es t great cities af=d     
unusual opportunities ( social          
int]c\rse1 & :5 ,i fir/ became a citiz5 
,i f\nd ?is prospect en*ant+4  ,i scann$
 ! horizon eag]ly = ^! troops ( fri5ds  
:i* a city 0 suppos$ to furni%3 que/$ "h
 & !re = a responsive pair ( eyes2 made 
timid approa*es :i* 7 repuls$2 &1       
f9ally1 aft] mu* exp]im5t1 _h to admit t
 ! :ole idea 0 a delusion4  ,no d\bt x  
is true en\gh t1 ) a settl$ &           
consid]able income1 & ! p[] ( ent]ta9+1 

fri5ds are to be f\nd 9 pl5ty4  ,b      
,grosv5or ,squ>e & ,k5ti% ,t[n d n s mu*
 z %>e a common atmosph]e4  ,9 ! "o x is
 a pleasant tradition t ! h\se door %\ld
 be set wide to all com]s :o c          
contribute any?+ to ! common social     
/ock2 9 ! o!r1 ! h\se door is jeal\sly  
lock$ & b>r$4  ,! ,london cl]k does n   
c>e to reveal ! %ifts & ! b>5ess ( 8    
dome/ic life4 ,he w reside 9 "o locality
 = ye>s )\t s mu* z seek+ to "k 8       
next-door neighb\r4  ,he w live on      
cordial t]ms ) 8 comrade 9 ! (fice1 b w 
nev] dream ( invit+ him to 8 home4  ,8  
in/9ct ( privacy is s abnormal t x      
becomes m]e *urli%ness4  ,8 wife1 if he 
h "o1 usually fo/]s ?is _s = reasons (  
h] own4  ,h] int]e/s end ) ! clo?+ &    
education ( h] *ildr54  ,%e does n wi% =
 fri5ds1 does n cultivate ! grace (     
hospitality1 & is indiff]5t to social   
int]c\rse4  ,9 %ort1 ! b>b>ic leg5d t an
 ,engli%man's h\se is 8 ca/le1 is n[h]e 
s mu* respect$ z 9 ,london4  ,! exhau/+ 
"* ( life 9 ,london1 & ! m]e va/ness (  

its geographical area1 d some?+ to      
produce ?is result4  ,m5 :o leave home  
e>ly 9 ! morn+1 sit = _m h\rs 9 an      
(fice1 & rea* home late at night1 soon  
lose bo? ! in/9ct & desire = social     
int]c\rse4  ,!y pref] ! com=table torpor
 ( ! fireside4  ,if "s imp]ative ne$ (  
new int]e/s torm5ts !m1 !y seek         
relaxation 9 ! music-hall or "s o!r     
place ( popul> resort4  ,! art (        
conv]sation is almo/ ext9ct 9 a c]ta9   
type ( ,london]4  ,he kn[s no?+ to      
conv]se ab\t outside 8 bus9ess int]e/s1 
8 family conc]ns1 & p]haps ! late/      
s5sation ( ! daily newspap]4  ,^? light]
 flights ( fancy1 ^? delicate innu5does 
& allusions ( impli$ exp]i5ce or        
culture--all ! give-&-take ( happily    
cont5d+ m9ds--all1 inde$1 t makes true  
conv]sation--is a sci5ce utt]ly unkn[n  
to him4  ,a c]ta9 sup]ficial nimbl5ess (
 m9d he does sometimes possess1 b = all 
t he is a dull creature1 made dull by ! 
limitations ( 8 life4  ,if x %\ld happ51
 z x (t5 may1 t su* a man has "s g5u9e  

in/9ct = fri5d%ip1 & has a fri5d to :om 
he c confide 8 real ?\ghts1 ! *ances are
 t 8 fri5d w be sep>at$ f him by ! m]e  
va/ness ( ,london4  ,to ! rural m9d !   
metropolis appe>s an entity2 9 reality x
 is an empire4  ,a j\rney f ! extreme   
nor? to ! extreme s\?1 f ,muswell ,hill 
to ,dulwi*1 is less easily accompli%$1 &
 (t5 less spe$ily1 ?an a j\rney f       
,london to ,birm+ham4  ,!re is none ( t 
pleasant 'dropp+-9' = an ev5+ :i* is    
possible 9 c\ntry t[ns ( n immod]ate    
radius4 ,"t-tables h to be consult$1    
engagem5t-books scann$1 s]i\s           
prep>ations made1 ) ! poor result1      
p]haps1 ( two h\rs' hurri$ int]c\rse4   
,! he>tie/ fri5d%ip does n long survive 
?is malignity ( circum/ance4  ,x is     
some?+ to "k t y h a fri5d1 obscurely   
hidd5 9 "s corn] ( ! metropolis2 b y see
 him s r>ely1 t :5 y meet1 x is l =m+ a 
new fri5d%ip r ?an pursu+ an old "o4  ,x
 is little wond] t1 "u su* conditions1  
visits gr[ m & m infrequ5t1 & at la/    
cease4  ,a message at ,*ri/mas1 an      

intimation ( a bir?1 a fun]al c>d1 are !
 solit>y relics & mem5toes ( _m a city  
fri5d%ip n ext9ct1 b utt]ly susp5d$4  ,i
 dwell on ^! obvi\s *>act]i/ics (       
,london life1 because 9 c\rse ( "t !y   
assum$ = me almo/ t]rify+ dim5sions4    
,aft] t5 ye>s ( ardu\s toil ,i f\nd     
myself at ?irty-five lonely1 fri5dless1 
& imprison$ 9 a groove ( iron1 ^: long  
curves swept on inevitably to t grim    
t]m9us :]e all m5 arrive at la/4        
,sometimes ,i *id$ myself = my          
discont5t2 & c]ta9ly !re 7 _m :o might h
 envi$ me4  ,i occupi$ a fairly         
com=table h\se 9 a decay$ t]race :]e ea*
 h\se 0 exactly l its neighb\r1 & _h ,i 
told any "o t ! m]e aspect ( ?is grey   
t]race oppress$ me by its featureless   
monotony1 ,i %\ld h be5 laugh$ at = my  
pa9s4  ,i believe t ,i 0 tru/$ by my    
employ]s1 & if a m]e automatic dilig5ce 
c be acc\nt$ a virtue1 ,i m]it$ _! tru/4
  ,9 c\rse ( "t my income w\ld h be5    
increas$1 ?\gh nev] to t degree :i*     
means compet5ce or fre$om4  ,to ?is     

common object ( ambition ,i _h inde$    
long ago become indiff]5t4  ,:at c a few
 extra p\nds a ye> br+ to a man :o f9ds 
himself b\nd to ! same tasks1 & ^? tasks
 di/a/eful8  ,i 0 m>ri$ & _h two *ildr52
 & ! mo/ di/ress+ ?\ght ( all 0 t ,i saw
 my *ildr5 pr$e/9$ to ! same fate4  ,i  
saw !m gr[+ up 9 complete de/itution (  
^? c\ntry sights & s\nds :i* _h made my 
own y\? delightful2 acquir+ ! sup]ficial
 %>pness ( ! city *ild & 8 slang2 suff]+
 at times by ! anaemia & li/lessness br$
 ( vitiat$ air2 high-/rung & s5sitive z 
^? mu/ ne$s be ^: n]ves are 9 p]petual  
agitation2 & :51 9 *ance excursions to !
 c\ntry1 ,i comp>$ my *ildr5 ) ! *ildr5 
( cottag]s & pl\ghm51 ,i felt t ,i _h   
wrong$ !m1 ,i saw my *ildr5 =$oom$1 by  
an inexorable de/9y1 to a life at all   
po9ts simil> ) my own4  ,9 c\rse ( "t !y
 also w\ld become recruits 9 !          
n>r[-*e/$1 black-coat$ army ( ^? :o sit 
at desks4  ,!y w\ld become slaves )\t   
hav+ kn[n ! value ( fre$om2 slaves n by 
capture b by h]itage4  ,m & m ! ?\ght   

began to ga!r %ape1 ,0 ,i gett+ ! mo/1  
or ! be/1 out ( life8  ,0 !re no o!r k9d
 ( life 9 :i* toil 0 r$eem$ f bas5ess by
 its own inh]5t int]e/1 no life :i* (f]$
 m ( tranquil satisfaction & available1 
if humble1 happ9ess8  ,day by day ?is   
?\ght s\nd$ ?r\gh my m9d1 & ea* fre%    
disc\ragem5t & disability ( ! life ,i l$
 gave x %>p] emphasis4  ,at la/ ! "t    
came :5 ,i f\nd an answ] to x1 & ^!     
*apt]s tell ! /ory ( my seek+ & my f9d+4
     ,,*apt] ,,ii  ,,gett+ ,,! ,,be/    
,,out ,,( ,,life  ,! read] w p]haps say 
t ! k9d ( mis]ies rec\nt$ 9 ! previ\s   
*apt] are m imag9>y ?an real4  ,_m ?\s&s
 ( p subsi/ 9 ,london ^u n>r[ means1 & d
 n f9d ! life intol]able4  ,!y h _!     
int]e/s & pleasures1 meagre en\gh :5    
judg$ by a sup]ior /&>d1 b suffici5t to 
ma9ta9 9 !m "s ( ! vivacity ( exi/5ce4  
,no d\bt ?is is true4  ,i rememb] be+   
/ruck "s ye>s ago by ! rem>k ( a p]son (
 di/9ction1 equally acqua9t$ ) social   
life 9 its highe/ & its l[e/ =ms4  ,mr4 
,h41 z ,i w call ?is p]son1 said t !    

dismal pictures drawn by social noveli/s
 ( life among ! v poor 7 true 9 fact1 b 
wrong 9 p]spective4  ,noveli/s describ$ 
:at _! own feel+s w\ld be if !y 7       
condemn$ to live ! life ( ! dis9h]it$   
city drudge1 r ?an ! actual feel+s ( !  
drudge himself4  ,a man ( education1    
accu/om$ to easy means1 w\ld suff]      
tortures unspeakable if he 7 made to    
live 9 a s+le room ( a popul\s & squalid
 t5em5t1 & _h to subsi/ ^u a wage at    
once nigg>dly & prec>i\s4  ,he w\ld be  
torm5t$ ) t memory ( happi] ?+s1 :i* we 
are told is a 'sorr['s cr[n ( sorr[4'   
,b ! man :o has kn[n no o!r condition ( 
life is unconsci\s ( its mis]y4  ,he has
 no /&>d ( comp>ison4  ,an environm5t   
:i* w\ld drive a man ( ref9em5t to      
?\ghts ( suicide1 does n produce s mu* z
 dissatisfaction 9 him4  ,h5ce !re is f>
 m happ9ess among ! poor ?an we imag9e4 
,!y see no?+ deplorable 9 a lot to :i*  
!y h become accu/om$2 !y are z our fir/ 
p>5ts be=e _! eyes 7 op5$ to a k ( good 
or evil2 or1 to take a less my?ical     

illu/ration1 !y are z ! cont5t$ savage1 
to :om ! ref9em5ts ( ,european          
civilisation are objects ( ridicule r   
?an envy4  ,i quote ?is op9ion = :at x  
is wor?2 b x has little relevance to my 
own case4  ,i am ! only compet5t judge (
 my own feel+s4  ,i "k p]fectly well t  
^! feel+s 7 n %>$ by m5 :o %>$ !        
conditions ( my own life4  ,!re 0 a cl]k
 9 ! same (fice ) me :o may be tak5 z an
 example ( 8 class4  ,poor ,arr[smi?--h[
 well ,i recall him6--0 a little pallid 
man1 always neatly if %abbily dress$1   
punctual z a clock1 & ( irreproa*able   
dilig5ce4  ,he 0 v]g+ on =ty1 _h a wife 
& family :om ,i nev] saw1 & an ag$ "m   
:om he 0 pr\d to support4  ,he 0 ( q    
imp]turbable *e]fulness1 delight$ 9     
small jokes1 & w\ld *att] l a daw :5    
occasion s]v$ him4  ,he _h nev] read a  
book 9 8 life2 8 m9d subsi/$ :olly ^u ! 
halfp5ny newspap]s4  ,he _h no          
pleasures1 unless "o c c\nt z su* c]ta9 
,bank ,holiday excursions to ,hamp/ead  
,hea?1 :i* 7 p]=m$ "u a heavy s5se (    

duty to 8 family4  ,he _h liv$ 9 ,london
 all 8 days1 b knew mu* less ( x ?an !  
c\ntry excursioni/4  ,he _h nev] visit$ 
,/4 ,paul's or ,we/m9/] ,abbey2 _h nev] 
travell$ s f> z ,kew or ,gre5wi*2 _h    
nev] be5 inside a picture gall]y2 & _h  
nev] att5d$ a conc]t 9 8 life4  ,!      
p5dulum ( 8 innocu\s exi/5ce swung      
betwe5 ! (fice & 8 home ) a uni=m       
monotony4  ,yet n only 0 he cont5t$ ) 8 
life1 b ,i believe t he reg>d$ x z      
entirely successful4  ,he _h c\nt$ x a  
great piece ( luck :5 he _h ent]$ !     
(fice z a y\? ( sixte51 & ! gl[ ( 8 good
 =tune /ill l+]$ 9 8 m9d at =ty4  ,he   
reg>d$ 8 employ]s ) a species ( admir+  
awe n always accord$ to k+s4  ,! mo/    
viol5t social democrat c\ld h made no?+ 
( ,arr[smi?2 !re 0 n ! lea/ crevice 9 8 
he>t 9 :i* ! se$ ( discont5t c\ld h f\nd
 a lodgm5t4  ,z = mak+ any "q ( :e!r he 
0 gett+ ! be/ or mo/ out ( life1        
,arr[smi? 0 z incapable z a kitt54  ,!  
virtues ( ,arr[smi?1 :i* 7 9 _! way     
quietly h]oic1 impress$ me a good deal2 

b 8 abject cont5tm5t ) ! limitations ( 8
 lot appall$ me4  ,i felt a dread gr[ 9 
me le/ ,i %\ld become subdu$ to ! elem5t
 9 :i* ,i work$ z he 04  ,i ask$ myself 
:e!r a life s de/itute ( real int]e/s & 
pleasures 0 life at all8  ,i made       
fugitive attempts to allure ! little man
 into "s realms ( wid] int]e/1 b ) ! mo/
 disc\rag+ results4  ,i once insi/$ on  
tak+ him ) me = a day 9 ,epp+ ,=e/4  ,he
 came reluctantly1 = he did n l leav+ 8 
wife at home1 & x seem$ t no p]suasion  
c\ld induce h] to und]take s adv5tur\s a
 jaunt4  ,he 0 no walk]1 & half a doz5  
miles along ! ,=e/ roads tir$ him out4  
,by ! aft]noon ev5 8 *e]fulness _h      
vani%$2 he gaz$ ) blank & gloomy eyes ^u
 ! wide spaces ( ! woodl& sc5]y4  ,he   
did n rega9 8 spirits till we drew ne>  
,/rat=d on ! homew>d j\rney4  ,at ! fir/
 sight ( gas-lit /reets he bright5$ up1 
& ,i am p]suad$ t ! rancid od\rs ( !    
factories at ,b[ 7 sweet] 9 8 no/rils   
?an all ! ,=e/ fragrances4  ,i nev] ask$
 him aga9 to %>e a pleasure = :i* ,i n[ 

p]ceiv$ he _h no faculty2 b ,i (t5 ask$ 
myself h[ long x w\ld take = a city life
 to extirpate 9 me ! ta/e by :i* ,nature
 is appreciat$1 z x _h 9 ,arr[smi?4  ,i 
h tak5 ,arr[smi? z an example ( !       
n>r[ness ( int]e/ creat$ by a city life1
 & x w\ld be easy to (f] an apology =   
him1 :i* ,i1 = "o1 w\ld mo/ he>tily     
endorse4  ,! poor fell[ 0 v mu* !       
creature ( 8 circum/ances4  ,b ?is 0    
sc>cely ! case ) ano!r man ,i knew1 ^:  
circum/ances1 _h he kn[n h[ to use !m1  
might h af=d$ him ! opportunity ( _m    
cultivat$ ta/es4  ,he 0 ! son ( a small 
f>m]1 born 9 ! same village z myself4   
,by "s curi\s accid5t he 0 flung into ! 
vortex ( ,london life at sev5te51 &     
became a cl]k 9 a reputable firm (      
/ockbrok]s 9 ,?rogmorton ,/reet4  ,he   
rose rapidly1 speculat$ l>gely &        
successfully = himself1 became a p>tn]1 
& 0 ri* at ?irty4  ,i us$ to meet him   
occasionally1 = he nev] =got t we _h sat
 ^u ! same b5* at s*ool4  ,i c see him  
/ill2 well-fle%$ & immaculately dress$2 

8 wai/coat pockets full ( gold2 a prop (
 music-halls1 a patron ( exp5sive       
re/aurants2 fla%+ f "o to ! o!r 9 ! ev5+
 h\rs 9 swift hansoms2 a man envi$ &    
admir$ by a ho/ ( cl]ks 9 ,?rogmorton   
,/reet to :om he appe>$ a k9d (         
,napoleon ( f9ance4  ,i w confess t ,i  
myself 0 a little dazzl$ by 8 c>eless   
opul5ce4  ,:5 he took me to d9e ) him he
 ?\ght no?+ ( giv+ ! head wait] a       
sov]eign z a gu>antee ( c>eful s]vice1  
or ( s5d+ ano!r sov]eign to ! ma/] ( !  
or*e/ra ) a reque/ = "s p>ticul> piece (
 music :i* he fanci$4  ,he once confid$ 
to me t he _h br\ght (f c]ta9 op]ations 
:i* _h made him ! possessor ( eighty    
?\s& p\nds4  ,to me ! sum seem$ imm5se1 
b he reg>d$ x z a bagatelle4  ,:5 ,i    
sugge/$ c]ta9 uses = x1 su* z retirem5t 
to ! c\ntry1 ! build+ ( a c\ntry h\se1 !
 collection ( pictures or ( a libr>y1 he
 laugh$ at me4  ,he in=m$ me t he nev]  
sp5t m ?an a s+le day 9 ! c\ntry e ye>2 
x 0 sp5t 9 visit+ 8 fa!r at ! old f>m4  
,he loa!d ! quiet ( ! c\ntry1 & c\nt$ 8 

"o day 9 ! ye> an infliction & a        
sacrifice4  ,books & pictures he _h c>$ 
= once1 b z he n[ put x1 he _h 'no use =
 !m4'  ,x seem$ t all 8 eighty ?\s&     
p\nds 0 de/9$ to be flung ^u ! great    
r\lette table ( /ock & %>e speculations4
  ,x 0 n t he 0 av>ici\s2 few m5 c>$    
less = money 9 itself2 b he c\ld n live 
)\t ! excitem5t ( speculation4  ',i     
pref] ! air ( ,?rogmorton ,/reet to any 
air 9 ! _w1' he obs]v$4  ',i am unhappy 
if ,i leave x = a day4'  ,s f> z k ( or 
int]e/ 9 ,london w5t1 he 0 n a :it bett]
 ?an poor %abby ,arr[smi?4 ,8 ,london   
/ret*$ no fur!r ?an f ! ,bank to ,ox=d  
,circus1 & ! l&m>ks by :i* he knew x 7  
re/aurants & music-halls4  ,! man seem$ 
s satisfi$ ) ev]y?+ ab\t 8 life t x 0 a 
k9d ( joy to meet him4  ,! s\rness ( my 
own discont5t 0 dissolv$ 9 ! alembic ( 8
 joviality4  ,yet x 0 c]ta9 t he liv$ a 
life ( ! mo/ tortur+ anxiety4   ,!re 7  
recurr+ p]iods :5 8 =tune hung 9 !      
balance1 & 8 f9ancial salvation 0 a*iev$
 z by fire4  ,:5 he sat sil5t = a mom5t1

 /range ?+s 7 writt5 on 8 face4  ,hagg>d
 l9es ran across ! br[2 ! holl[s        
und]nea? ! eyes grew deep2 & "o c\ld see
 t black c>e sat ^u 8 %\ld]s4  ,!re 0 a 
li/5+ po/ure ( ! head1 z ( "o           
appreh5sive ( ! footfall ( disa/]1 &    
?\gh he 0 b>ely =ty1 8 hair 0 :ite4     
,:at happ5$ to him f9ally ,i d n "k4  ,i
 miss$ him = a ye> or two2 inquir$ at ! 
hotel :]e he _h liv$ & f\nd him gone2 & 
,i ?\ght ,i read 9 ! s>ca/ic smile ( !  
hotel-manag] m k ?an he 0 will+ to      
communicate4  ,i imag9e t he w5t d[n 9  
"s f9ancial /orm1 l %ips at sea t are   
he>d ( no m2 ! ,napoleon ( f9ance _h    
some:]e f\nd 8 ,wat]loo4  ,! reflection 
is inevitable2 :at _h he got out ( life 
aft] all8  ,he _h won nei!r peace nor   
hon\r2 he _h kn[n no?+ ( ! f9] joys or  
ta/es2 he _h enjoy$ no satisfy+         
pleasures2 su* triumph z he _h kn[n _h  
be5 ! brief triumph ( ! gambl]4  ,^u !  
:ole ,i ?\ght ! n>r[ t$i\s life (       
,arr[smi? ! wor?i]4  ,reflections ( ?is 
nature are usually attribut$ to m]e envy

 or contempt ( weal?1 :i* is a temp] n  
less sordid ?an a love ( weal?4  ,= my  
"p ,i c b pr(ess t ,i feel = weal? nei!r
 envy nor contempt4  ,on ! contr>y1 ,i  
love to imag9e myself weal?y1 & ,i      
flatt] myself--z mo/ poor m5 d--t ,i am 
a p]son peculi>ly fitt$ by nature to    
af=d a conspicu\s example ( h[ weal?    
%\ld be employ$4  ,i l to dramatise my  
fancies1 & ! m impossible ^! fancies    
are1 ! m conv9c+ is ! drama t c be educ$
 f !m4  ,?us ,i h sev]al times built    
palaces :i* h rivall$ ! spl5d\rs ( !    
,m$ici2 ,i h adm9i/]$ great e/ates to ! 
entire satisfaction ( my t5ants2 ,i h   
e/abli%$ myself z ! ,maec5as ( art &    
lit]ature2 & 7 ,i ev] call$ to play ^!  
p>ts 9 reality1 ,i am conv9c$ t my      
compet5ce w\ld secure applause4  ,! po9t
 at :i* ,i /ick1 h[ev]1 is ?is3 ri* m5  
r>ely d ^! ?+s4  ,x is ! pursuit (      
weal?1 r ?an weal? itself1 t is _!      
pleasure4  ,let u suppose ! case ( a man
 :o has toil$ ) undivid$ m9d = ?irty    
ye>s to acquire a =tune2 w x n be       

usually f\nd t 9 ! /ruggle to be ri* he 
has lo/ ^? v qualities :i* make ri*es   
wor? possess+8  ,he buys 8 e/ate or     
builds 8 h\se2 b !re is little pleasure 
9 ! bus9ess4  ,he is ! m]e slave (      
l&-ag5ts1 ! puppet ( ar*itects &        
uphol/]]s4  ,he has no orig9al ta/e to  
guide or int]e/ him3 :at he once _h has 
p]i%$ long ago 9 ! dre>y toil (         
money-grubb+4  ,! m5 :o build or        
decorate 8 h\se h a c]ta9 pleasure 9 _! 
"w2 all t he does is to pay !m = be+    
happy4  ,if he %\ld adopt ! ri* man's   
hobby ( collect+ pictures or a libr>y1  
he r>ely enjoys a high] pleasure ?an !  
m]e lu/ ( possession4  ,he buys :at he  
is told to buy1 )\t discrim9ation2 he   
has no k ( :at con/itutes r>ity or      
value2 & mo/ c]ta9ly he kn[s no?+ ( ^?  
excitem5ts ( ! que/ :i* make !          
collection ( articles ( v]tu a pursuit s
 fasc9at+ to ! man ( tra9$ judgm5t b    
mod]ate means4  ,&1 z if to complete !  
irony ( ! situation1 he is aft] all b ! 
infrequ5t t5ant ( ! treasure-h\se :i* he

 has built2 ! bl9ds are drawn half !    
ye>2 ! spl5did rooms are se5 by no wis] 
eyes ?an ^? ( 8 butl] & 8 h\sekeep]2 & 8
 secret>y1 if he be a man ( ta/e &      
education1 draws ! real divid5d (       
pleasure f all ^! r>e & co/ly ?+s :i*   
,dives has accumulat$4 ,dives is 9 mo/  
cases little m ?an ! man :o pays ! bill 
= ?+s :i* o!r folk enjoy4  ,let ,dives  
be acc\nt$ !n a public b5efactor1 we may
 say2 p]haps s1 b ! "q /ill rema9s1 does
 ,dives get ! mo/ & be/ out ( life8  ,! 
obvi\s answ] is t ! be/ ?+s ( life are n
 to be b\ght ) money2 x w\ld be ne>] !  
tru? to quote ! prophetic p>adox1 !y are
 b\ght ')\t money & )\t price4' ,i 0    
pres5t once at a d9n] giv5 by a         
millionaire newspap] proprietor to a    
cr[d ( j\rnali/s1 on ! occasion ( !     
f\nd+ ( a new magaz9e4  ,! millionaire  
ate little1 spoke little1 & sat ?r\gh\t 
! fea/ ) an anxi\s cl\d ^u 8 br[4  ,i   
recognis$ ! same furtive look (         
appreh5sion 9 8 eyes t ,i _h se5 9 !    
eyes ( my /ock-brok+ fri5d long be=e4   

,z ,i glanc$ r\nd ! room ,i f\nd myself 
able to pick out all ! m5 ( weal? by t  
same look4  ,x w\ld seem t ! anxieties (
 gett+ money only beget ! m tortur+     
anxiety ( h[ to keep x4  ,t1 ,i am      
p]suad$1 0 ! dom9ant ?\ght ( my         
millionaire ho/ ?r\gh\t ! meal2 he knew 
! fe> & fev] ( ! gambl] risk+ an enorm\s
 /ake1 ! agitation ( ! soldi] on ! eve (
 a battle1 9 :i* victory is highly      
problematical4  ,b t cr[d ( hungry      
j\rnali/s1 h[ !y did eat6  ,:at laught] 
sat on ^? boyi% faces1 :at ze/ ( life1  
:at capacity ( pleasure6  ,!re 0 n "o ( 
!m ^: daily bread 0 n prec>i\s2 n "o    
p]haps :o _h a dec5t balance at ! bank2 
yet !y 7 s gay1 s resolutely *e]ful1 s  
frankly int]e/$ 9 life & 9 !mselves1 t  
,i c\ld fancy ^? gloomy eyes at ! head (
 ! table wat*$ !m ) a sort ( envy1 ,i   
?9k !re mu/ be some?+ fatal to gaiety 9 
! m]e responsibilities ( weal?2 ,i am   
sure t !re is some?+ corrupt+ 9 ! lab\rs
 ( its acquisition4  ,i ?9k ,i _h r be a
 vagrant1 ) a cru/ 9 my knapsack1 a blue

 sky above me1 & ! adv5tur\s road be=e  
me1 ?an look ^u ! _w ) a pair ( eyes s  
laught]less z 8 :o 0 our ho/ t night4   
,aga9 ,i prote/ t ,i make no rail+      
accusation aga9/ weal? 9 itself4  ,i am 
s f> conv9c$ ( ! truly b5efic5t         
utilities ( weal?1 t ,i w\ld q will+ly  
take ! risks ( a mod]ate compet5ce1 %\ld
 any "o be dispos$ to make exp]im5t ) my
 virtues4  ,!re is "s magnanimity 9 ?is 
(f]1 = ,i c no m =etell ! effects ( !   
bacillus ( weal? ^u my moral nature1 ?an
 c ! physician :o (f]s 8 body =         
inoculation ) ! g]m ( "s dire disease t 
sci5ce may be s]v$4  ,x argues "s lack (
 imag9ation among millionaires t x has  
occurr$ to no "o ( ! tribe to end[ a man
 in/ead ( an in/itution1 if x 7 only by 
way ( *ange4  ,x w\ld at lea/ prove an  
int]e/+ exp]im5t1 & x w\ld be *eap at ! 
price ( ! few unmiss$ ?\s&s :i* !       
millionaire w\ld pay = x4  ,to su* an   
exp]im5t ,i w\ld be will+ to submit1 if 
x 7 only to asc]ta9 :e!r ,i h be5 "r or 
wrong 9 my supposition t ,i am bett]    

qualifi$ by nature ?an my fell[s = ! "r 
adm9i/ration ( weal?2 b !re is "o ?+ ,i 
w\ld nev] d1 ,i w\ld nev] und]take t    
labori\s que/ ( weal?1 :i* robs m5 ( !  
p[] to enjoy x :5 x is obta9$4  ,x is   
!re t ! p9* comes2 grant$ t "s degree ( 
compet5ce is ne$$ = a free & v>i\s use (
 life1 is x wor? :ile to de/roy ! p[] ( 
liv+ 9 atta9+ ! means to live8 ,:at is a
 man bett] = 8 weal? if he does n "k h[ 
to use x8 ,a fool may /eal a %ip1 b x   
takes a wise man to navigate h] t[>ds ! 
isl&s ( ! ,ble/4  ,i am told sometimes t
 !re is a romance 9 bus9ess2 no d\bt !re
 is1 b x is pretty (t5 ! romance (      
piracy2 & ! pleasures ( ! ri* man are v 
(t5 no?+ bett] ?an ! pleasures ( !      
pirate3 a b>b>ic wad+ 9 gold1 a reckless
 pil+ up ( treasure1 :i* he has n ! s5se
 to use4  ,z long z !re are %\t+ crews  
^u ! sea & flam+ %ips1 he is happy2 b   
give him at la/ ! gold :i* he has /riv5 
to w91 & he kn[s no?+ bett] ?an to sit l
 ! successful pirate 9 a common         
ale-h\se1 & make 8 boa/ to boon         

companions4  ,i believe t ! dulle/ m5 9 
all ! _w are v ri* m52 & ,i h sometimes 
?\ght t x _c ne$ a v high ord] (        
intellig5ce to acquire weal?1 s9ce "s ( 
! meane/ ( mank9d appe> to prosp] at !  
bus9ess4  ,a c]ta9 vulp9e %rewdness (   
intellig5ce seems ! ?+ mo/ ne$$1 & ?is  
may coexi/ ) a g5]al dulness ( m9d :i*  
w\ld disgrace a savage4  ,! ?+ t is lea/
 p]ceiv$ ab\t weal? is t all pleasure 9 
money ends at ! po9t :]e economy becomes
 unnecess>y4  ,! man :o c buy any?+ he  
covets1 )\t any consultation ) 8 bank]1 
values no?+ t he buys4  ,!re is a subtle
 pleasure 9 ! extravagance t conte/s )  
prud5ce2 9 ! anxi\s debates :i* we hold 
) ourselves :e!r we c or _c af=d a c]ta9
 ?+2 9 our attempts to ju/ify our       
wisdom2 9 ! risk & recklessness ( our   
op]ations2 9 ! long def]r$ & f9al joy ( 
our possession2 b ?is is a k9d (        
pleasure :i* ! man ( b\ndless means nev]
 kn[s4  ,! buy+ ( pictures af=ds u an   
excell5t illu/ration on ?is po9t4  ,m5 (
 ! type ( ,balzac's ,c\s9 ,pons atta9 to

 rapture 9 ! process because !y are     
poor4  ,!y h to walk we>y miles & wait  
long weeks to get ^u ! track ( _!       
treasure2 to use all _! k ( art & m5 to 
circumv5t ! malignity ( deal]s2 to      
exp]i5ce ! extremes ( trepidation & (   
hope2 to d5y !mselves com=ts1 & p]haps  
food1 t !y may pay ! price :i* has at   
la/1 aft] inf9ite dispute1 rea*$ an     
irr$ucible m9imum2 & ! pleasure ( _!    
possession is 9 ! ratio ( _! pa9s4  ,b !
 man :o ent]s a sale-room ) ! k t he c h
 ev]y?+ he wi%es by ! sign+ ( a *eque   
feels none ( ^! emotions4  ,x seems to  
me t money has lo/ m ?an half its value 
s9ce *eques became common4  ,:5 m5 kept 
_! gold 9 iron c(f]s1 lock-fa/ cupbo>ds1
 or a pot buri$ 9 an or*>d1 !re 0 some?+
 tangible 9 weal?4  ,:5 x came to c\nt+ 
out gold pieces 9 a bag1 m5 rememb]$ by 
:at sweat ( m9d or body weal? 0 won1 &  
!y _h a s5se ( p>t+ ) some?+ :i* 0      
really !irs4 ,b a *eque has nev] yet    
impress$ me ) ! lea/ s5se ( its intr9sic
 value4  ,x is a ?+ s trivial & fragile 

t ! m9d refuses to reg>d x z ! equival5t
 ( l&s & h\ses & solid bullion4  ,x is a
 ?+ incr$ible to reason t ) a /roke ( ! 
p5 a man may sign away 8 ?\s&s4  ,if    
*eques 7 prohibit$ by law1 & all paym5ts
 made 9 good co9 ( ! realm1 ,i believe  
we %\ld all be mu* m c>eful 9 our       
exp5diture1 = we %\ld h at lea/ "s true 
symbol ( :at exp5diture implies4  ,9 an 
ideal /ate all incomes beyond #aj1jjj   
p\nds p] ye> %\ld be prohibit$4  ,almo/ 
all ! real luxuries ( life may be enjoy$
 on half t sum2 & ev5 ?is is an         
excessive e/imate4  ,su* a regulation   
w\ld be ( va/ advantage to ! ri*1 simply
 because x w\ld impose "s limit at :i*  
economy comm5c$4  ,!y w\ld !n beg9 to   
enjoy _! weal?4   ,av>ice w\ld decl9e1 =
 obvi\sly x w\ld n be wor? :ile to      
accumulate a l>g] =tune ?an ! ,/ate     
p]mitt$4  ,we might also expect "s      
improvem5t 9 mann]s1 = !re w\ld be no   
room = t vulg> o/5tation 9 :i* excessive
 weal? delights4   ,if a man *ose to    
exce$ ! limit :i* ! law prescrib$ he    

w\ld d s z a public b5efactor2 =1 (     
c\rse1 ! excess ( weal? w\ld be appli$  
to ! good ( ! community1 9 ! relief (   
taxation1 ! adornm5t ( cities1 or !     
e/abli%m5t ( libr>ies & art-gall]ies4   
,x w\ld no d\bt be object$ t ! great    
hi/oric h\ses ( ! ari/ocracy c\ld n be  
ma9ta9$ on su* an income2 five ?\s&     
p\nds a ye> w\ld h>dly pay ! s]vants on 
a great e/ate1 & provide ! upkeep ( a   
mansion4  ,b 9 ?is case ! ,/ate w\ld    
become ! cu/odian ( su* h\ses1 :i* w\ld 
be treat$ z national palaces4  ,x is by 
no means improbable t _! pres5t own]s   
w\ld be glad to be rid ( !m on g5]\s    
t]ms1 :i* provid$ = a nom9al own]%ip &  
an occasional occupation4  ,h[ev] ?is   
may be1 x is c]ta9 t ! ri* w\ld pr(it by
 ! *ange1 = _! *ance ( gett+ ! mo/ & be/
 out ( life w\ld be mu* increas$ by !   
limit put ^u cupidity & o/5tation4      
,,*apt] ,,iii  ,,gett+ ,a ,,liv+1 ,,&   
,,liv+  ,gett+ ! be/ & mo/ out ( life1  
,i take to be ! mo/ rational object (   
human exi/5ce4  ,ev5 religion1 al?\gh x 

affects to scorn ! phrase1 admits !     
fact2 = no man w\ld be religi\s unless  
he 7 conv9c$ t he !reby add$ some?+ to 8
 /ore ( happ9ess4  ,x is a matt] (      
temp]am5t :e!r a man treats religion z a
 panacea = 8 mortal tr\bles1 or ! ',op5 
,sesame' ( bright] worlds1 b x is q     
c]ta9 t he reg>ds x z a means (         
happ9ess4  ,i _c d\bt t ! an*orites1    
ascetics1 & cloi/]$ nuns ( m$iaeval     
times 7 happy 9 _! own way1 al?\gh x 0 9
 a fa%ion t appe>s to u highly fooli% & 
absurd4  ,ev5 a ,/4 ,/ylites _h 8       
consolations2 he 0 kept w>m ^u 8 pill>  
by ! com=table s5se ( 8 sup]iority to 8 
wick$ fell[-creatures4  ,to get ! be/   
out ( life !re mu/ be "s adequate       
fulfilm5t ( "o's be/ self4  ,man is a   
bundle ( ta/es & appetites1 "s l(ty1 &  
"s ignoble1 b all cry+ out =            
satisfaction4  ,wisdom lies 9 !         
disc]nm5t ( ess5tials2 9 j discrim9ation
 betwe5 false & true ta/es4  ,man has   
be5 a long "t ^u ! e>?1 & he has sp5t 8 
"t = ! mo/ "p 9 "o ceaseless exp]im5t1  

viz41 h[ he may become a satisfactory   
creature 9 8 own eyes4  ,all            
civilisations conv]ge ^u ?is po9t2 & we 
maybe sure t1 9 _! lonely h\rs (        
m$itation1 ! fanta/ic w>d] on ! great   
wall ( ,*9a1 & ! ,roman soldi] pac+ to &
 fro 9 ! porticoes ( ! ,palat9e1 _h mu* 
! same ?\ghts4  ,:osoev] speaks to man  
on ! art ( becom+ happy is secure ( a   
he>+2 ev5 ?\gh he be ! vile/ ( quacks he
 w h 8 foll[+1 ev5 ?\gh he 7 ! wor/ (   
sc\ndrels "s w take him = a prophet4  ,9
 %ort1 we are all ! dupes ( hope1 & x   
ne$s "s exp]i5ce to assure u t our only 
real hope is 9 ourselves4  ,9 our own   
he>ts lies ! ,eldorado :i* we sc\r ! _w 
to f9d2 c\ld we b fulfil our be/ selves 
we %\ld ask no o!r happ9ess4  ,! "q t   
soon comes to obtrude itself ^u ! m9d ( 
a ?\ghtful man 9 a great city1 is ?is   
old p]si/5t "q ( :e!r 8 me?od ( life is 
su* z to answ] to ! ideal ( fulfill+ 8  
be/ self8  ,x seem$ to me t !           
inhabitants ( cities 7 too busy gett+ a 
liv+ to h "t to live4  ,let u take !    

life ( ! av]age bus9ess man by way (    
example4 ,su* a man w rise e>ly1 sleep  
late1 & eat ! bread ( c>efulness1 if he 
means to succe$4  ,he w probably        
live--or be said to live--9 "s suburb m 
or less remote f ! ro>+ c5tre ( affairs4
  ,! fir/ light ( ! w9t] dawn w see him 
al]t2 breakfa/ is a hurri$ passov]      
p]=mance2 a c]ta9 tra9 mu/ be caught at 
all haz>d to dige/ion1 & ! mo/ leisur$  
mom5ts ( ! day w be ^? he passes 9 !    
railway c>riage4  ,once arriv$ at 8     
(fice he mu/ plunge into ! vortex (     
bus9ess2 d battle ) a ?\s& rivalries &  
competitions2 day aft] day mu/ lab\r 9 !
 same we>isome pursuits1 cont5t1 p]haps1
 if at ! end ( ! ye> he %all h escap$ z 
by a miracle comm]cial %ipwreck4  ,he w 
come back to 8 resid5ce1 night aft]     
night1 a tir$ man2 n pleasantly we>i$ ) 
pursuits :i* h ex]cis$ 8 complete p[]s1 
b tir$ to ! po9t ( dejection by !       
n>r[ness & monotony ( 8 pursuits4  ,i   
say he returns to 8 resid5ce2 ,i scorn  
to say 8 home1 = ! h\se he r5ts is m]ely

 ! b>rack :]e he sleeps4  ,( ! life t   
goes on )9 ?is h\se1 :i* is nom9ally 81 
he kn[s no?+4  ,9 its daily ord]+1 or   
ev5 9 its ext]nal features1 he has no   
"p4  ,he has *os5 no item ( its         
furniture2 he has _h no h& 9 its        
decoration2 he has b paid ! tradesm5's  
bills4  ,8 *ildr5 sc>cely "k him2 !y are
 asleep :5 he goes (f 9 ! morn+1 &      
asleep :5 he returns at night2 he is to 
!m ! /range man :o sits at ! head ( !   
table once a week & c>ves ! ,sunday     
jo9t4  ,x is well = !m if !y h a "m :o  
possesses gifts ( gov]nm5t1 sympa?y1 &  
pati5t compreh5sion1 = x is cle> t !y h 
no fa!r4  ,he gets a liv+1 & p]haps 9 "t
 an ample liv+2 b does he live8  ,x may 
be said t ?is picture is exagg]at$2 on !
 contr>y1 ,i ?9k x is "u-e/imat$4  ,i h 
myself kn[n m5 ^: av]age daily abs5ce f 
'home' is twelve h\rs2 !y disappe> by ! 
eight o'clock morn+ tra91 & 9 times (   
special bus9ess pressure x is n f> f    
midnight :5 !y return4  ,! tra9s1 cabs1 
& public vehicles ( ,london convey1 day 

by day1 "o million ?ree hundr$ ?\s& ( ^!
 homeless m5 to _! employm5ts 9 ! city4 
,"h & !re a wise man may be f\nd :o     
res5ts ?is tyranny ( suburbanism4  ,i "k
 a "y bus9ess man1 :o also *ances to    
possess dome/ic in/9cts1 = :om          
suburbanism grew s intol]able t he took 
a h\se 9 ! v he>t ( ,london1 t he might 
lun* & d9e ) 8 wife at 8 own table )\t  
neglect+ 8 bus9ess int]e/s4  ,he 0 a    
wise man1 b he is ! only "o ,i "k4      
,c\nt+ ! "t pass$ at lun*eon & d9n]1 !  
lat] dep>ture 9 ! morn+1 & ! e>li]      
arrival at night1 he is ! cle> ga9]1 day
 by day1 ( ?ree to f\r h\rs ( dome/ic   
int]c\rse4  ,at ! end ( ! week he has   
?us add$ to ! cr$it ( 8 family life     
f\r-&-tw5ty h\rs2 at ! end ( a ye> he   
has enjoy$ m ?an fifty full days (      
dome/ic int]c\rse :i* w\ld h be5 =feit$ 
_h he cont9u$ to live at ,surbiton4  ,he
 has also sav$ money1 = ?\gh ! r5t he   
pays 9 ,c5tral ,london is m ?an ! r5t he
 paid at ,surbiton1 yet he has sav$ !   
exp5se ( 8 season-ticket1 lun*es1 &     

occasional d9n]s at a club or re/aurant1
 & cabs to ,wat]loo :5 he 0 press$ = "t4
  ,b x is q va9 to urge su*             
consid]ations on ! av]age man ( bus9ess4
  ,he w\ld tell y frankly t no?+ w\ld   
induce him to live 9 a h\se )9 a        
/one's-?r[ ( ,leice/] ,squ>e1 al?\gh x  
is a f> bett] built & m com=table h\se  
?an ! gimcrack villa :i* he r5ts at     
,surbiton4  ,! ga9 9 dome/ic int]c\rse  
w\ld n attract him1 = he has long ago   
lo/ ta/e = x2 & ! privilege ( lun*+ ) 8 
family w\ld repel him1 = he is deeply   
suspici\s ( ! virtues ( dome/ic cook]y4 
,nor1 ,i suppose1 w\ld x influ5ce him to
 tell him t by liv+ 9 ,c5tral ,london1  
he c\ld comm& )\t inconv5i5ce ! full    
attractions ( ! t[n1 su* z conc]ts1     
lectures1 !atres1 or ^? special         
assemblies :i* are repres5tative (      
,london life2 = he desires no?+ ( ! k9d4
 ,consid]ations ( economy might affect  
him1 b ) all 8 skill at figures he      
seldom has ! s5se to see t ! moiety (   
income paid ye>ly to ! railway1 by      

himself & 8 family1 goes a long way t[>d
 ! d\bl+ ( 8 r5t4  ,9 %ort1 suburbanism 
is 8 feti%2 x is ! keynote ( 8 poor     
respectability1 & he is n to be div]t$ f
 x by any reasons :i* a sane man w\ld   
reg>d z consid]able1 if n imp]ative4  ,!
 mo/ usual excuse ( suburbanism is t x  
is a good ?+ = ! wife & family ( a      
bus9ess man1 ?\gh x is a bad ?+ = him4  
,x is s+ul> t no "o seems to recognise !
 gross selfi%ness ( ?is plea4  ,x is l !
 plea ( ! vivisectioni/1 t vivisection  
is a bad ?+ = a rabbit1 b a v good ?+ = 
humanity1 s9ce humanity pr(its by !     
torture ( ! rabbit4  ,b = my "p ,i d\bt 
:e!r !re is any real pr(it to anybody 9 
suburbanism4  ,!re is a t[n life1 & !re 
is a c\ntry life1 ea* ( :i* has peculi> 
comp5sations ( its own2 b suburbanism is
 a mis]able compromise1 :i* l mo/       
compromises comb9es n ! qualities b !   
defects ( two antagonisms4  ,its wor/   
effect is t x sets up 9 "o family two   
/&>ds ( life1 :i* h no?+ 9 common4      
,aft] a :ile x mu/ happ5 t !re is a     

s]i\s e/rangem5t ( ta/e1 & x is n       
surpris+ if ?is (t5 leads to a mu* m    
s]i\s e/rangem5t ( affection4  ,! air ( 
,surbiton may be a little fre%] ?an !   
air ( ,bloomsbury1 b :at does ?is c\nt =
 if ! atmosph]e ( ! he>? be poison$8    
,moreov]1 among ! ,anglo-,saxon peoples 
wom5 are n enc\rag$ to take any vital   
int]e/ 9 ! pursuits ( _! husb&s z !y are
 among ! ,lat9 races4  ,i %\ld n be     
surpris$ to f9d t half ! wom5 9 !       
,london suburbs d n "k ! precise nature 
( _! husb&s' occupations4  ,a ,fr5*     
woman ( ! b\rgeois class (t5 has a real 
aptitude = bus9ess4  ,%e c manage a %op1
 keep acc\nts1 take an int]e/ 9 m>kets1 
& 9 all que/ions ( comm]cial ent]prise  
%e is ! confidante1 & (t5 ! advis]1 ( h]
 husb&4  ,y\r ,engli% woman ( ! same    
class prides h]self r on h] total       
ignorance ( bus9ess4  ,x is probable t 9
 tw5ty ye>s ( m>ri$ life %e has n once  
visit$ ! w>eh\se or ! (fice :]e h] husb&
 e>ns ! income :i* %e sp5ds4  ,%e is    
'provid$ = )\t ! sweet s5se ( provid+4' 

,%e sees h] husb& elat$ or depress$ by  
?+s t h happ5$ 9 ! city2 b to h] !      
reasons ( 8 hope or fe> are n           
communicat$1 nor w\ld %e und]/& !m if !y
 74  ,8 m9d speaks a language =eign to  
h]2 8 daily op]ations 9 ! city h = h]   
only ! remote int]e/ ( ?+s t h happ5$ 9 
a =eign c\ntry1 :i* appe> too unreal to 
excite any s9c]e sympa?y or appreh5sion4
 ,is ?is divid$ life good = ei!r p>ty8  
,7 "s curi\s obs]v] f ano!r planet to   
arrive 9 ,london1 ,i ?9k few ?+s w\ld   
appe> to him s extraord9>y z a ,london  
suburb at noonday4  ,by t5 o'clock 9 !  
morn+ at late/ he w\ld see x d5ud$ ( all
 its male inhabitants4  ,l t fabul\s    
realm ( ,t5nyson's ,pr9cess1 x is a     
realm inhabit$ by wom52 & ! only male   
voice left 9 ! l& is ! voice ( !        
milk-boy on 8 r\nds1 ! necess>y po/man1 
& ! innocu\s groc]'s t\t4  ,!re is      
some?+ ( ! 'hu%$ s]aglio' 9 ^! miles (  
trim h\ses1 f ^: doors & w9d[s only     
female faces look out4  ,an air (       
s5sible b]eavem5t lies ^u ! l&4  ,woman1

 depriv$ ( h] "l & natural complem5t1   
cuts b a poor figure any:]e1 b n[h]e s  
poor z 9 a wide realm popul\s ) grass   
wid[s4  ,by :at int]e/s or avocations1  
or by :at del9qu5cy ( duty ! t$i\s h\rs 
are *eat$1 is n reveal$ to any male     
philosoph]2 b he is a poor obs]v] :o    
does n recognise some?+ unnatural 9 ?is 
"o-sid$ life4  ,a few miles away ! l\d  
,niag>a ( ,london runs swift1 & ! air   
vibrates ) all ! tumult ( ! /r5u\s life 
( man2 b "h ! air is dead1 unw9n[$ by   
any clamor\s w9d1 un%ak5 by any planet>y
 motion4  ,i _c ?9k ?is n>r[ sep>at$    
life good = woman1 & ,i am surpris$ t 9 
^! days :5 woman claims equal privilege 
) man1 %e w submit to x4  ,9 ! act (    
gett+ a liv+ %e also suff]s1 & loses    
some?+ ( ! p[] to live4  ,if !          
di/raction ( ! city hurts ! man %e is n 
less injur$ by ! torpor ( ! suburb4     
,let a woman be nev] s intellig5t &     
ke5ly wr\ght1 a suburb w soon enfeeble  
h]1 & take ! f9e edge (f h] _s4  ,left  
to ! sole society ( nursemaids & cooks 9

 h] own h\se = _m h\rs a day2 to !      
companion%ip ( wom5 outside h] h\se1 ^: 
conv]sation is ma9ly gossip ab\t        
h\sehold difficulties2 to ! tame        
div]sions ( %opp+ at ! ne>e/ emporium2  
:at p[] ( int]e/ 9 ! l>g] ?+s ( life c  
be expect$ ( h]8  ,! suburb is h]       
cloi/]1 & %e ! d$icat$ bride (          
littl5ess4  ,?is seems a h>d say+1 b x c
 easily be v]ifi$ by obs]vation4 ,i h   
myself kn[n wom51 ri* en\gh to keep a   
c>riage1 :o _h nev] be5 s f> z ,hyde    
,p>k1 nev] visit$ ! ,national ,gall]y1 &
 nev] s\ght any f9] music ?an c\ld be   
furni%$ by a local conc]t4  ,= !m1      
,london z an entity did n exi/4  ,?is   
p>o*ialism ( suburban life is its mo/   
surpris+ feature4  ,!re is aft] all "s  
excuse = ,mr4 ,grant ,all5's description
 ( ,london z an aggregation ( villages1 
:5 we f9d t s va/ a numb] ( ,london]s   
really live ! life ( villag]s4  ,b x is 
n patriotism t b9ds !m to ! soil1 nor   
local pride1 z is ! case ) g5u9e        
villag]s2 x is r %e] in]tia4  ,su*      

pride1 if x exi/$1 might d mu* = !      
reg5]ation ( great cities1 by creat+ a  
s]ies ( eag] & intellig5t communities1  
:i* w\ld vie ) "o ano!r 9 civic         
self-improvem5t2 b ?is is j ! k9d (     
pride :i* does n exi/4  ,no "o c>es h[ 8
 suburb is misgov]n$1 s long z rates are
 n too exorbitant4  ,a suburb w wake    
into mom5t>y life to curb ! lib]al      
programmes ( ! s*ool-bo>d1 or to vote   
aga9/ ! e/abli%m5t ( a free libr>y2 a   
gross self-int]e/ be+ ?us ! only        
v>iation ( its apa?y4  ,x soon falls    
asleep aga91 dull$ into torpor by !     
fumes ( its own intol]ant smugness4  ,= 
mu* ( ?is ! elem5t ( family sep>ation 9 
suburban life is answ]able4  ,! m5 pay  
_! rates & h\se-r5t at ,surbiton1 b !y  
live _! real lives )9 he>+ ( ! bell (   
,/4 ,paul's2 h[ %\ld !y take any int]e/ 
9 ,surbiton8  ,aft] all1 ,surbiton is to
 !m b a va/ c>avans>y1 :]e !y are lodg$ 
& f$ at night2 & "o does n inquire too  
closely into ! int]nal am5ities ( 8     
hotel s long z ! food is tol]able1 & !  

b$ clean4  ,suburbanism is1 h[ev]1 b a  
bran*1 ?\gh an important bran*1 ( ! l>g]
 "q1 :e!r 9 cities m5 d n ultimately    
sacrifice ! f9] qualities & joys ( life 
to ! act ( gett+ a liv+4 ,x w p]haps be 
said t ! man ) a true g5ius = bus9ess   
mu/ 9 any case live 9 a city2 t he is n 
discont5t$ ) ! conditions ( 8 life2 t1  
all ?+s be+ consid]$1 he is probably    
liv+ ! k9d ( life = :i* he is be/ fitt$4
  ,may n a writ]1 :o is presumably a    
p]son ( /udi\s & quiet habits1          
mis9t]pret ! life ( a bus9ess man       
precisely 9 ! same way t he mis9t]prets 
! life ( ! poor1 by apply+ to x 8 own   
/&>ds in/ead ( measur+ x by !irs8       
,bus9ess1 = ! man ( bus9ess g5ius1 is m 
?an an employm5t2 x is 8 epic1 8        
romance1 8 adv5tur\s crusade4  ,he br+s 
to x some?+ ( ! /atesman's presci5ce1 ! 
diplomati/'s sagacity1 ! great capta9's 
p[] ( organis+ victory4  ,8 days are    
battles1 8 life a long campaign2 & if he
 does n w9 ! spoil ( k+doms1 he does    
fight = comm]cial supremacy1 :i* comes  

to mu* ! same ?+4  ,no d\bt !re is mu*  
tru? 9 ?is putt+ ( ! case1 ?\gh x really
 begs ! ma9 "q4  ,b ev5 if we grant t 9 
! l>g] op]ations ( comm]ce a c]ta9 type 
( g5ius is requir$1 we mu/ rememb] t !  
m5 ( ?is ord] are few 9 numb]4  ,e "l ( 
comm]ce is att5d$ by a va/ ret9ue (     
slaves4  ,v few ( ^! humble s]vitors (  
comm]ce c ev] hope to rise f ! ranks    
into supreme comm&4  ,!y mu/ lab\r to   
create ! weal? ( ! successful m]*ant z a
 private soldi] suff]s w\nds & h>d%ips t
 fame may cr[n 8 g5]al4  ,d ^! m5 %>e ! 
high] privileges ( life8  ,is n life )  
!m ! gett+ ( a liv+ r ?an liv+8  ,nay1  
m2 is x n ! gett+ ( a liv+ = "s "o else8
  ,! m]*ant-pr9ce fulfils himself1 = 8  
highe/ p[]s ( intellig5ce are daily tax$
 to ! utt]mo/2 b ! case is v diff]5t ) t
 va/ army ( subord9ates1 :om we see m>*+
 e morn+ 9 an inf9ite procession to !   
v>i\s w>eh\ses & (fices ( ,london4  ,i h
 (t5 wond]$ at _! *e]fulness :5 ,i h    
recollect$ ! nature ( _! life4  ,= !y   
br+ to _! daily tasks n ! :ole (        

!mselves1 b a m]e segm5t ( !mselves2 "s 
small indu/ri\s faculty :i* repres5ts   
!m1 or misrepres5ts !m1 at ! tribunal ( 
^? :o ask no bett] ?+ ( !m4  ,few ( !m  
are do+ ! be/ t !y c d1 & !y "k x4  ,!y 
are n do+ x because ! _w does n ask !m  
to d x2 inde$1 ! _w takes c>e t !y %all 
h no opportunity ( do+ x4  ,a c]ta9     
faculty = ari?metic repres5ts a man :o  
has _m high] faculties2 & ?us ! man is  
=c$ to live by "o capacity :i* is p]haps
 8 lea/ wor?y & significant4  ,?is is n 
! case 9 :at we call ! lib]al pr(essions
 & ! arts4  ,! ar*itect1 ! b>ri/]1 !    
humble/ j\rnali/ ne$s 8 :ole m9d = 8    
task1 & h5ce 8 "w is a delight4  ,!     
arti/1 if he be a true arti/1 does ! "o 
?+ t he 0 born to d1 & s '! h\rs pass   
away untold1 )\t *agr91 & )\t we>9ess1' 
nor w\ld he wi% !m to pass o!rwise4  ,_m
 times z ,i took my way to ! dre>y      
lab\rs ( my desk ,i /opp$ to wat*1 &    
sometimes to talk )1 a smil+ indu/ri\s  
little ,fr5*man1 :o repair$ *9a &       
bronzes 9 a d+y %op 9 ,welbeck ,/reet4  

,he 0 an exp]t at 8 trade2 knew all !   
di/9ctive m>ks ( old *9a1 & c\ld assign 
) c]ta9ty ! "r date ( any piece ( bronze
 he h&l$2 & to he> him disc\rse on ^!   
?+s w\ld h be5 a lib]al education to a  
budd+ connoisseur4  ,i nev] knew a man s
 indefatigably happy 9 8 "w2 8 eye lit  
up at any special gl[ ( col\r or        
delicacy ( design2 he us$ 8 tools z ?\gh
 he lov$ !m2 & if he dream$ at night1 ,i
 d\bt n t 8 canopies 7 col\r$ ) ! hues (
 ,svres1 & t bronze angels f ! h& (     
,b5v5uto /ood ab\t 8 b$4  ,pla9ly ! man 
0 happy because 8 "w engag$ 8 :ole      
att5tion2 & to e cunn+ rivet t he       
fa%ion$ he gave ! entire =ces ( 8 m9d4  
,"h 0 a man :o n m]ely got a liv+ b     
liv$2 & ,i1 *a9$ to my desk1 knew well  
en\gh t 8 life 0 mu* m satisfactory ?an 
m9e4  ,money has little to d ) ?is      
problem ( satisfactory liv+2 ,i ?9k t   
?is 0 ! fir/ discov]y ,i made 9 !       
direction ( a bett] mode ( life4  ,my   
,fr5* workman e>n$ p]haps two p\nds a   
week3 ,i e>n$ f\r or five2 b he b\ght   

happ9ess ) 8 "w1 :]eas ,i b\ght         
discont5t & we>9ess4  ,money may be     
b\ght at too de> a rate4  ,! av]age     
citiz51 if he did b "k x1 is always buy+
 money too de>4  ,he e>ns1 let u say1   
f\r hundr$ p\nds a ye>2 b ! l>g]        
proportion ( ?is sum goes 9 :at is call$
 'keep+ up appe>ances4'  ,he mu/ live 9 
a h\se at a c]ta9 r5tal2 by ! "t t 8    
rates & taxes are paid he f9ds "o-eigh? 
( 8 income at lea/ has gone to provide a
 %elt] = 8 head4  ,a cottage1 at t5     
p\nds a ye>1 w\ld h s]v$ him bett]1 &   
w\ld h be5 equally commodi\s4  ,he mu/  
ne$s s5d 8 *ildr5 to "s private         
'academy' = education1 gett+ only bad   
education & high *>ges = 8 pa9s2 a      
village bo>d-s*ool at twop5ce a week    
w\ld h (f]$ und5iable advantages4  ,he  
mu/ we> ! black coat & top-hat sacr$ to 
! cl]k+ tribe2 a twe$ suit & cap are m  
com=table1 & half ! price4  ,at all     
po9ts he is ! slave ( conv5tion1 & he   
pays a price = 8 conv5tion out ( all    
proportion to its value4  ,at a mod]ate 

e/imate half ! daily exp5diture (       
,london is a sacrifice to ! conv5tion or
 impo/ure ( respectability4  ,unless a  
man h1 h[ev]1 a l>ge end[m5t ( t lib]al 
discont5t :i* makes him p]petually      
exam9e & reexam9e ! conditions ( 8 life1
 he w be a long "t be=e he ev5 suspects 
t he is ! victim ( artificial ne$s4  ,:5
 once ! yoke ( habit is impos$1 ! %\ld] 
soon accu/oms itself to ! bondage1 & !  
a*es & bruises ( initiation are =gott54 
,!re are spasms ( disgu/1 mom5ts ( wise 
suspicion2 b !y are transi5t1 & m5 soon 
come to reg>d a city z ! prison f :5ce  
!re is no escape4  ,b is no escape      
possible8  ,t 0 ! "q :i* press$ m & m ^u
 me z ! ye>s w5t on4  ,i saw t ! crux ( 
! :ole problem 0 economic1 ,i knew t ,i 
0 n ! ga9] by a l>g] income1 if ,i c\ld 
buy a m real satisfaction on less       
income4  ,i saw t x 0 ! artificial ne$s 
( life t made me a slave2 ! real ne$s ( 
life 7 few4  ,a cottage & a hundr$ p\nds
 a ye> 9 a village meant happ9ess &     
indep5d5ce2 b d>$ ,i sacrifice twice or 

?rice ! income to secure x8  ,! debate  
w5t on = ye>s1 & x 0 end$ only :5 ,i    
appli$ to x "o fix$ & reason$ pr9ciple4 
,t pr9ciple 0 t my fir/ bus9ess z a     
rational creature 0 n to get a liv+ b to
 live2 & t ,i 0 a fool to sacrifice !   
p[] ( liv+ 9 secur+ ! means ( life4     
,,*apt] ,,iv  ,,e>?-,,hung]  ,l ,*>les  
,,ii41 :o apologis$ = be+ s             
unconscionably long 9 dy+1 ,i mu/       
apologise = be+ s long 9 com+ to my     
po9t1 :i* is ! possibility ( buy+       
happ9ess at a *eap] rate ?an ,london    
(f]s x4  ,z x took me tw5ty ye>s (      
exp]i5ce to make my discov]y1 ,i may    
claim1 h[ev]1 t ?ree *apt]s is no       
immod]ate am\nt ( matt] 9 :i* to        
describe x4  ,my *ief occupation ?r\gh  
^! ye>s 0 to keep my discont5t alive4   
,satisfaction is ! dea? ( progress1 & ,i
 knew well t if ,i once acquiesc$       
entirely 9 ! conditions ( my life1 my   
fate 0 seal$4  ,i did n acquiesce1 ?\gh 
! temp] ( my revolt 0 by no means /eady4
  ,!re 7 times :5--to rev]se an anci5t  

say+--! muddy ,jordan ( ,london life    
seem$ m to me ?an all ! sp>kl+ wat]s (  
,damascus4  ,humanity seem$             
indescribably maje/ic2 & !re 7 mom5ts :5
 ,i s9c]ely felt t ,i w\ld n ex*ange !  
trampl$ causeways ( ! ,london /reets = !
 gre5e/ mead[s t bord]$ ,ro?a or        
,d]w5twat]4  ,!re 7 days ( e>ly summ] :5
 ,london rose f h] morn+ ba? ( mi/ 9 a  
spl5d\r truly unapproa*able2 :5 no music
 he>d ( man seem$ comp>able ) ! long    
diapason ( ! cr[d$ /reets2 :5 f morn to 
eve ! h\rs ran ) an inconceivable gaiety
 & lightness1 & ! eye 0 9 turn inebriat$
 ) ! h>d gl>e & deep %ad[s ( abundant   
light1 ) ! inf9ite contra/s ( ! /reets1 
) ! f>-rang$ dignity ( domes & t[]s     
swimm+ 9 ! gold5 haze ( midday1 or melt+
 9 ! lilac mi/s ( ev5+4  ,i felt also1 9
 ?is va/ congregation ( my              
fell[-creatures1 ! exhil>at+ s5se ( my  
own insignificance4  ,( :at value 7 my  
own op9ions1 hopes1 or programmes 9 ?is 
huge conc\rse & confusion ( op9ion8  ,:o
 c>$ :at "o human bra9 *anc$ to ?9k1 :]e

 s _m million bra9s 7 ?9k+8  ,i 0 swept 
on l a bubble 9 ! /ream1 & ,i =got my   
own individuality4  ,& ?is =getfulness  
became a pleasure2 ! m9d1 we>i$ ( its   
own affairs1 f\nd delight 9 recollect+ t
 ! ?+s t seem$ s great to x 7 aft] all (
 inf9itesimal importance 9 ! g5]al sum (
 ?+s4  ,a/ronomy is (t5 cr$it$ ) provid+
 ?is s5sation2 writ]s ( fiction         
especially are fond ( expla9+ h[ !      
voyage ( ! eye ?r\gh space humbles !    
individual pride ( man ?r\gh !          
oppression ( magnitude & va/ness4  ,!y  
might come ne>] home1 = t]re/rial       
magnitudes produce ! same effect z      
cele/ial magnitudes2 ! m9d loses itself 
z readily 9 ! abyss ( ,london z 9 ^?    
gulfs ( *aos t op5 9 ! ,milky ,way1     
confront+ ! eye ) nak$ inf9itude2 & ?is 
s5se ( p]sonal insignificance is at once
 a horror & a joy4  ,t humble           
acquiesc5ce ( ! ,london] 9 8 fate :i* we
 call 8 apa?y1 is ! natural consequ5ce (
 an ov]:elm+ s5se ( p]sonal             
insignificance4  ,! great re=m] %\ld be 

c\ntry-born2 9 ! solitude ( nature he   
may come to ?9k himself significant1 & h
 fai? 9 ^? ?\ghts & intuitions :i* no "o
 contradicts4  ,b 9 ,london1 collective 
life1 by its m]e imm5sity1 ov]:elms     
individual life s completely t no       
audacity or arrogance ( g5ius c supply t
 cont9u\s & firm fai? 9 himself :i* !   
re=m] mu/ possess4  ,if ,i resi/$ ^!    
debilitat+ influ5ces1 x 0 ?r\gh no      
p>ticul> virtue ( my own3 x 0 r ?r\gh   
:at ,i may call a k9d ( e>?-hung]4  ,i  
_h an ob/9ate crav+ = fre% air1 unimp$$ 
movem5t1 outdoor life4  ,i want$ ! e>?1 
& ,i want$ to live 9 ! close embrace ( !
 e>?4  ,"s ance/or ( m9e mu/ h be5 a    
h]mit on a m\nta91 a gipsy1 or a        
peasant3 ,i "k n :i*1 b some?+ ( !      
temp]am5t ( all ?ree _h be5 bequea!d to 
me4  ,! smell ( fre%-turn$ e>? 0 a smell
 t reviv$ 9 me a portion ( my nature t  
_h seem$ dead2 a fl[] set me dream+ (   
solit>y woods2 & ,i f\nd myself wat*+   
cl\ds & wea!r-signs z ?\gh my bread     
dep5d$ on _! l5i5ce4  ,! fir/ "t ,i saw 

a m\nta9 ,i bur/ into te>s1 an act :i*  
a/oni%$ me no less ?an my companions4   
,i c\ld (f] no explanation ( my conduct1
 b ,i felt z ?\gh ! m\nta9 call$ me4  ,i
 said to myself1 ',!re is my home1 yond]
 is ! e>? ( :i* my corporeal "p is      
fa%ion$2 x is !re t ,i %\ld live & die4'
  ,ev5 a ,london p>k 9 ! fir/ fre%ness (
 a summ] morn+ produc$ ^! s5sations2 &  
^? r>e excursions :i* ,i took into !    
g5u9e c\ntry left me a*+ = days aft]w>ds
 ) an exquisite pa94  ,i (t5 imag9$     
myself liv+ z ,wordswor? did 9 ,dove    
,cottage1 z ,?oreau did 9 ! ,wald5      
,woods1 & ! vision 0 delightful4  ,i    
took an agricultural pap]1 & read x     
dilig5tly1 n because x 0 ( ! lea/       
practical utility to me1 b because its  
simple details ( c\ntry life seem$ to me
 a k9d ( poetry4  ,9 my rambles ,i nev] 
saw a lovely site )\t at once go+ to "w 
to build an imag9>y cottage on x1 & !   
views ,i _h f ! w9d[s ( my              
dream-cottages 7 m real to me ?an !     
actual prospects on :i* ,i look$ e day4 

,i h ev5 gone s f> z to seek ! (fices ( 
l&-ag5ts1 & haggle ov] ! price ( l& :i* 
,i nev] meant to buy1 = ! m]e pleasure (
 fancy+ x 0 m9e2 & ?is k9d ( game 0 long
 pursu$1 = l&-ag5ts are a num]\s tribe1 
& :5 "o discov]$ my impo/ure1 !re 0     
always ano!r ready to accept me z a     
capitali/ 9 se>* ( ! picturesque4  ,9   
%ort1 to possess "o small fragm5t ( !   
_w's surface2 to h a hut1 a cab91 or a  
cottage t 0 v]ily my own1 to eat !      
fruits ( my own lab\r on ! soil--?is    
seem$ to me ! cr[n & goal ( all human   
felicity4  ,conscript ( ! city z ,i 01  
drill$ & driv5 daily 9 ! grim b>rack-y>d
 ( despotic civilisation1 yet ,i 0 a    
des]t] at he>t2 an e>?-hung] z rapaci\s 
& int5se z t ( any ,fr5* or ,iri%       
peasant burn$ 9 my bones1 &1 l ! peasant
 conscript t ,i truly 01 my dreams 7 all
 ( gre5 pa/ures & runn+ /reams1 & !     
happy lonel9ess ( op5 spaces "u op5     
skies4  ,?is k9d ( e>?-hung] is1 ,i     
believe1 n common among ,engli% p       
to-day2 if x 71 ! tide ( life w\ld n set

 s /eadily t[nw>d z x does4  ,! class 9 
:i* x exi/$ mo/ /rongly 0 ! yeoman      
class1 & ?is is a class :i* has         
practically disappe>$4  ,9 my y\? ,i    
knew half a doz5 p]sons ( ?is class1 to 
:om t[ns 7 g5u9ely abhorr5t4  ,!y w\ld  
come to ,london once or twice 9 _!      
lives1 visit c]ta9 m>ket t[ns 9 _!      
di/rict at int]vals1 & escape back into 
! c\ntry ) ! joy ( wild birds lib]at$ f 
a cage4  ,! m]e grime & dirt ( cities   
horrifi$ !m2 !y 7 suffocat$ 9 ! close   
air1 & !y 7 driv5 half di/ract$ by !    
clam\r ( ! /reets4  ,^! m5 liv$1 ^u !   
:ole1 lives ( n immod]ate lab\r3 or1 z  
"o might say1 ( sob] ease1 ,!y possess$ 
little money1 x is true1 b ! want ( x   
did n appe> to tr\ble !m4  ,_! h\ses 7  
pla91 _! me?od ( life simple1 & cle>ly x
 _h n ent]$ _! m9ds to covet any m      
sumptu\s modes ( life4  ,all ?is is     
*ang$ n[4  ,! daily press1 :i* pres5ts a
 ?\s& pictures ( ! bu/l+ life ( cities1 
goes ev]y:]e1 & has communicat$ a /range
 re/lessness to ! rural m9d4  ,increas$ 

means ( locomotion h br\ght ,london to !
 v door ( village communities4  ,if m5  
to-day actually possess$ ! acres on :i* 
!y toil !y w\ld be 9 no hurry to leave  
!m2 !y w\ld be effectually *a9$ to !    
soil by ! s5se ( indep5d5ce &           
proprietor%ip1 z is ! case among ! rural
 population ( ,france1 :o d n r5t b own 
! l&4  ,! yeom5 did own ! l&1 & t 0 !   
secret ( _! cont5t4  ,b :5 ! day ( l>ge 
f>ms came1 ! small l&[n]s 7 cru%$ out2 &
 z = ! m]e peasant1 he has no *ance at  
all ( ev] own+ l&1 & nev] has _h2 s t he
 has e inducem5t to cr[d into t[ns :]e  
wages are nom9ally high]1 & he soon     
outgr[s t natural e>?-hung] :i* mod]n   
civilisation af=ds him no means (       
gratify+4  ,by virtue ( ! peasant or    
gipsy blood 9 me ,i kept my e>?-hung]   
?r\gh tw5ty ye>s ( ,london life1 b ,i   
c\nt my case unique4  ,i nev] f\nd any  
"o :o %>$ my feel+s2 on ! contr>y1 ,i   
f\nd t :atev] primitive in/9cts t[>d    
c\ntry life my fri5ds may h _h once1    
,london _h made an effectual end ( !m4  

,! c\ntry means = mo/ ,london]s1 n !    
bless$ solitude ( op5 spaces1 b ,m>gate 
or ,brighton4   ,:5 ! annual summ]      
exodus arrives he does b ex*ange "o k9d 
( t[n = ano!r k9d4  ,he c>ries ) him all
 ! aptitudes & artificial in/9cts ( !   
t[n2 he loves ! bu/le ( a cr[d2 he wants
 bo>d+-h\ses full ( company1 & /reets   
brilliant ) electric light2 & he returns
 to t[n1 aft] a vivaci\s =tnight1 )\t   
hav+ once look$ ^u ! real c\ntry1 unless
 x be ) ! di/ract$ eye ( a rid] on a    
*>--banc4  ,if my e>?-hung] did n die 9 
,london1 x 0 ma9ly because my holidays 7
 ( a v diff]5t description4  ,i nev]    
visit$ b "o wat]+-place1 & t 0 en\gh4   
,i nev] /ay$ 9 a bo>d+-h\se 9 my life1  
nor w\ld ! promise ( all my exp5ses paid
 & a h&some bonus into ! b>ga9 tempt me 
to ! exp]im5t4 ,i s\ght ! c\ntry        
absolute2 a cottage or a little f>m     
remote f t[ns & out ( s\nd ( railways2  
villages s t9y t maps refuse to "n !m4  
,i c c\nt half a doz5 ( ^! places :i*   
haunt my memory ) all ! sanctity ( "s   

religi\s dream4  ,!y 7 my tempor>y      
cloi/]s1 :]e ,i receiv$ ! sacram5t (    
sil5ce2 ! woodl& sanctu>ies :]e my _s 0 
r5ew$4  ,:5 my fri5ds return$ f ,m>gate 
!y 7 full ( *att] ab\t ! p t !y _h met1 
& !y w5t ab\t :i/l+ ! la/ song !y _h    
he>d ^u ! bea*4  ,i _h met no "o b a few
 simple lab\r+ folk1 & ! music ,i       
rememb]$ 0 ! :i/l+ ( blackbirds & ?ru%es
 9 ! e>ly dawn4  ,i knew t ,i _h pur*as$
 mu* f9] pleasure 9 a s+le day1 & at a  
*eap] rate1 ?an !y 9 a mon? ( days2 b ,i
 nev] told !m s1 = !y w\ld n h und]/ood 
me4  ,! e> t hung]s = ! rauc\s /ra9s (  
cockney ,pi]rots on a bea* _c attune    
itself to ! notes ( ! morn+ ?ru%4  ,!re 
is "o t9y f>m t ,i love to ?9k (1       
because its t5ants taught me bett] ?an a
 ?\s& books c\ld h done h[ real 0 !     
felicity ( simple life4  ,x _h six rooms
 all told1 & 0 little bett] ?an a       
cottage4  ,be=e its door ran a cle> riv]
 :i* connect$ two lakes2 a p9ewood rose 
beh9d ! h\se1 & beh9d ?is aga9 ! l[]    
buttresses ( ! ev]la/+ hills4  ,! ne>e/ 

t[n 0 sev5 miles away2 y rea*$ x by a   
lovely road1 9 "p ?r\gh p9ewoods1 9 "p  
ov] op5 moors1 ) ! silv] fla%+ ( a lake 
nev] f> away1 & ! purple m\nta9s always 
close at h&4  ,! f>m-hold+ 0            
insignificantly small1 z 0 ! case 9 ^?  
p>ts2 b my ho/ utt]$ no ^w ( its        
insuffici5cy4  ,he grew en\gh oats to   
provide good oatmeal = 8 family & fodd] 
= 8 horse2 8 potatoes also came f 8 own 
soil1 & 8 bacon f 8 own /ye2 8 few %eep 
gave him fre% meat1 or br\ght him a     
little money 9 ! m>ket1 & f _! wool e   
blanket 9 ! h\se 0 spun1 & ev5 8 own    
clo?+ wov54  ,two c[s provid$ milk &    
butt] = ! h\sehold2 8 f[ls gave him eggs
 & occasionally a d9n]2 & ?us ) !       
exception ( ! ye>ly groc]'s bill he sp5t
 next to no money4  ,i dwelt b5ea? ?is  
humble ro( = a mon?1 & ,i pr(ess t 9 all
 t "t ,i nev] saw ! memb]s ( ! h\sehold 
engag$ 9 any lab\r t 0 n also a         
pleasure4  ,!re 0 pl5ty ( "w1 ( c\rse3  
c[s to be milk$1 vegetables to be dug & 
cleans$1 meals to be prep>$1 ! little   

h>ve/ to be ga!r$ 92 b x 0 "w t "o c\ld 
d ) s++4  ,no "o hurri$ ov] x1 = !re 0  
ample "t = e duty ( ! day4  ,no "o felt 
^! simple duties burd5some1 because !y 7
 s natural & inevitable1 ,x 0 a r>e day 
:5 "s memb] ( ! h\sehold did n f9d an   
h\r or two = fi%+1 & a disappo9t+       
breakfa/ t did n %[ a lordly di% ( tr\t4
  ,x may be imag9$ t 9 a place s remote 
culture w\ld be miss+--at lea/ ! love & 
k ( books :i* we call culture2 b :5 ,i  
say ! place 0 ,scot* ?is delusion is    
dispos$ (4  ,! *ildr5 _h _h to walk t   
long sev5 miles a day & back aga91 9 all
 wea!rs1 to obta9 an education4  ,!y _h 
gr[n up to value x1 & 7 ! bett] m5tally 
z well z physically = _! ?\s&s ( miles (
 tramp+4  ,!re 7 books 9 ! little       
h\sehold1 & good books too4  ,z (t5 z n 
:5 we sat r\nd ! r$ peats ( an ev5+1 we 
discuss$ ,br[n+ or ,h]b]t ,sp5c]4 ,t ye>
 x happ5$ t a p>ty ( /ud5ts f ,ed9burgh 
,univ]sity 7 camp+ 9 ! neighb\rhood1 &  
!y (t5 jo9$ u r\nd ! f>m fire ( an ev5+4
  ,!y talk$ ab\t books & op9ions & m5 ) 

all ! omnisci5ce ( y\?2 b ! two girls ( 
! h\sehold held _! own ) !m4  ,ah1 ,kate
 ,m',intyre1 y did me mu* fri5dly s]vice
 9 ty+ flies = me t summ]1 & tea*+ me   
some?+ ( ! craft ( fi%+2 b y did a f> m 
endur+ s]vice 9 help+ me to see t "o    
does n ne$ t[ns & libr>ies to gr[ ! f9e 
fl[] ( :olesome cultur$ womanhood4 ,"h1 
beside t lake1 ^: lady has be5 made     
immortal by ! h& ( ,scott1 y %[$ me t   
,god gr[s ladies /ill :o we> homespun & 
live 9 cottages1 & are all ! wis] &     
sweet] = ! bright seclusion ( _! lives4 
,9 a t[n1 y & y\r family1 end[$ only )  
su* means z y f\nd suffici5t = exi/5ce1 
w\ld h be5 despond5t drudges1 y y\rself 
p]haps work+ 9 a sew+-room 9 bad air & =
 poor pay1 b "h y 7 ! free-hold]s (     
nature4 ,nev] did ,i see y g ab\t y\r   
simple duties--always ) a bright look & 
a snat* ( song--b ,i said to myself1    
',%e ha? *os5 ! bett] "p1 :i* %all n be 
tak5 away f h]'2 & ,i say x /ill1 ?\gh  
,i am well aw>e t ! sm>t "y wom5 (      
,london %ops & re/aurants w n believe   

me4  ,i d>e say !y w\ld c\nt !mselves   
mu* bett] (f ?an y 9 money1 9 dress1 & 9
 opportunities ( pleasure2 b ,i "k :o 0 
! ri*] 9 vitality1 9 heal?1 & 9 ! p[] ( 
happ9ess4  ,:5 ,i liv$ among ^! simple  
folk ,i %>$ n only _! ro( b _! lab\rs1 &
 x 0 ?us ,i came to di/+ui% betwe5 !    
nature ( "w 9 cities & "w 9 ! c\ntry4   
,to obta9 my meal 9 a city ,i _h to d   
?+s t 7 di/a/eful to me2 ,i _h to %ut   
myself away f ! fre% air & sunlight 9 a 
d+y room & to sp5d dull h\rs 9 tasks :i*
 af=d$ me no g5u9e intellectual         
pleasure4 ,"h1 on ! contr>y1 e duty _h a
 pa/ime yok$ ) x4  ,i rose e>ly1 n only 
t ,i might le>n to milk ! c[s1 b t ,i   
might see ! sunrise2 if ,i w5t into !   
woods to saw logs t w\ld pres5tly make a
 cle> flame on ! ev5+ fire1 my lungs    
drank heal? among ! =e/ fragrances2 :5  
,i w5t fi%+ ,i did some?+ n only        
pleasurable b useful1 = ,i add$ da9ties 
to my l>d]4  ,9 ! city ,i liv$ to "w2 "h
 ,i work$ to live4  ,i might g fur!r &  
say t 9 ! city ,i liv$ to "w = o!r p1 = 

my bra9s 7 daily exploit$ t my ma/]     
might ma9ta9 a h\se at ,k5s+ton1 & :5 ! 
l&lord1 ! wat]-"l1 ! light-"l1 & !      
rate-collector _h all _h _! dues f me   
!re 0 little en\gh left t ,i c\ld call  
my own4  ,"h1 on ! contr>y1 all t ,i did
 _h an imm$iate & direct relation to my 
own well-be+4  ,! am\nt ( "w ,i _h to d 
to live 0 light1 & ,i b\ght ) x some?+ t
 0 my own4  ,we are s us$ to ! exactions
 ( a complicat$ & artificial life1 t x  
is an amaz+ discov]y to asc]ta9 h[ small
 is ! toll ( lab\r :i* ,nature asks ( ^?
 :o live naturally4  ,y h b to d c]ta9  
?+s :i* 9 !mselves are pleasures to     
obta9 ample means ( life2 & z ^! ?+s are
 soon & easily done by a heal?y human   
creature !re is an abundant leisure at 8
 comm&4  ,to split p9e-logs1 dig a g>d51
 pull a heavy boat d[n ! lake aft] fi%1 
tramp up ! hillside to collect ! %eep1  
are simply s _m ex]cises ( ! body1 !    
equival5ts ( :i* t[n y\?s f9d 9 !       
gymnasium or ! football field2 !        
diff]5ce is t all ?is ex]tion 9 !       

gymnasium1 :i* ! t[n y\? takes to keep  
up 8 heal?1 w\ld 9 ! c\ntry keep him4   
,! same am\nt ( muscul> ex]tion :i* a   
t[n y\? puts =? to *ase a ball r\nd a   
tw5ty acre field w\ld1 if prop]ly       
appli$1 put a ro( ov] 8 head & food on 8
 table4  ,! sports ( ! civilis$ man are 
means ( life to ! natural man4  ,if a   
man mu/ ne$s sweat1 & be bemir$1 & h an 
a*+ back1 x is surely bett] economy to h
 a h\se & a good meal at ! end ( x all  
?an m]ely a good appetite = a meal t he 
has yet to pay =4  ,i d n object to buy 
heal? 9 h>d physical ex]cise if ,i c buy
 x 9 no o!r way2 b ,i am bett] satisfi$ 
if ,i c buy heal? & a meal at ! same "t 
& = ! same price4  ,?is is practically  
:at is done e day by m5 :o live 9 !     
c\ntry4  ,9 a t[n !y w\ld und]take an   
equal am\nt ( muscul> ex]tion = ! sake (
 heal?1 & w\ld f9d t !y /ill _h 'to g to
 bus9ess' to live2 "h !y h done _!      
bus9ess 9 do+ _! pleasure4  ,e>?-hung]  
is )\t d\bt ! mo/ :olesome passion m5 c 
ent]ta91 & if ,gov]nm5ts 7 wise !y w\ld 

d all !y c\ld to =tify & gratify x4  ,on
 ! contr>y1 ! settl$ policy ( ,engli%   
,gov]nm5t is entirely ho/ile to x4  ,!re
 is no c\ntry :]e x is s difficult to   
acquire freehold l& 9 small             
quantities--a subject on :i* ,i %all h m
 to say pres5tly4  ,bad l&-laws lie at !
 back ( :at we call ! urban t5d5cies (  
mod]n life4  ,if fifty ye>s ago ! ,iri% 
peasantry _h _h ! same facilities =     
acquir+ l& t !y h to-day1 x is safe to  
say t !re w\ld h be5 little or no       
emigration1 = nev] 0 !re race t left !  
l& ( its fa!rs ) su* bitt] & entire     
reluctance z ! ,iri%4  ,! ,engli%       
peasant %>es ! same reluctance1 ?\gh 8  
sl[] nature is incapable ( express+ x ) 
! same volubility ( angui%4  ,give him  
en\gh l& to live ^u2 make him a         
proprietor in/ead ( a s]f2 let him h    
fair railway rates1 s t 8 produce c fet*
 its prop] price 9 ! m>kets1 & !re 7 no 
man s pr\d & s cont5t z he4  ,b ?is is j
 :at ! feudal laws ( ,engl& w n d = him2
 & s millions ( acres fall out (        

cultivation & f>ms g a-begg+ because !  
m5 :o c\ld h kept !m prosp]\s h be5 =c$ 
to sell _! !ws & muscles to be pro/itut$
 9 ! dismal drudg]ies ( cities4  ,!re is
 an ev5 worse result4  ,e>?-hung] has   
be5 displac$ by ,money-hung]4  ,simple  
ideas ( life mu/ ne$s p]i% :]e ! nature 
( a nation's life makes !m difficult or 
impossible ( atta9m5t4  ,a c\ntry-born  
y\? might keep to ! soil1 if he saw !   
slighte/ hope t ! soil w\ld keep him2 :5
 he sees t ?is is impossible he files to
 cities1 because he believes t !re is m 
gold to be pick$ up 9 ! city mire 9 a   
mon? ?an c be won f ! pl\gh$ fall[ 9 a  
ye>4  ,x is n until ! alt>s ( ,pan are  
ov]?r[n t ! wor%ip ( ,mammon is         
triumphant1 & ! mis*ief is t :5 ! great 
god ,pan is driv5 away he returns no m4 
,:5 once ,money-hung] seizes on a       
nation1 t primitive & :olesome          
,e>?-hung]--old z ! primal ,ed51 :]e    
man's life began--is /ifl$ at ! bir?2 ! 
spade & h>r[ ru/1 & in/ead ( swords be+ 
beat5 to pl\gh%>es1 pl\gh%>es are beat5 

into swords = ! use ( soldi]s :o are !  
gladiators ( comm]cial av>ice2 ! weal? (
 ! c\ntry runs into ! swamp (           
speculation2 ! scripture ( ,nature is   
ca/ aside = ! blott$ pages ( !          
bett+-book2 sport becomes n a means (   
recreation b ( gambl+2 & in/ead ( /urdy 
races br$ ^u ! soil1 & draw+ f ! soil   
solid qualities ( m9d & body1 y h       
blight$ & anaemic races1 br$ amid !     
popul\s disease ( cities1 & incapable ( 
any task t %all dem& /eady en]gy1       
cont9u\s ?\ght1 or sob] p[]s (          
reflection or ( w4     ,,*apt] ,v       
,,heal? ,,& ,,economics  ,en\gh has be5 
said to %[ t ,i nev] he>tily settl$ to a
 t[n life1 & t ! ob/acle to cont5t 0 my 
own "*4  ,m]e discont5t ) "o's          
environm5t1 h[ev] useful x may be z an  
irritant to prev5t /agnation & bruti%   
acquiesc5ce1 obvi\sly does n c>ry "o v  
f>4  ,m5 may *afe = ye>s at ! conditions
 ( _! lot )\t 9 any way attempt+ to am5d
 !m4  ,i soon came to see t ,i 0 9 dang]
 ( fall+ into ?is condition ( futility4 

,i 01 !re=e1 =c$ to face ! "q :e!r my   
cont9ual inw>d prote/ aga9/ ! k9d ( life
 :i* ,i l$ 0 f\nd$ on any?+ m /able ?an 
an op9ion or a s5tim5t8  ,no man ev] yet
 took a positively h]oic or orig9al     
c\rse = ! sake ( an op9ion4 ,op9ion mu/ 
become conviction be=e x has any pot5cy 
to *ange ! ord]+ ( life4  ,i saw pla9ly 
t ,i mu/ ei!r br+ my ?\ghts to ! po9t ( 
conviction or disc>d !m altoge!r4  ,!re 
is a good phrase :i* is sometimes us$   
ab\t m5 :o are memb]s ( a p>ty1 )\t 9   
any way ent]+ into its propag&i/        
aims--we say t !y 'd n play ! game4'    
,!y may h excell5t philosophic reasons =
 _! alo(ness1 or ev5 admirable scruples2
 b p>ties d n ask = ei!r4  ,p>ties ask =
 p>ty loyalty1 & to give ?is loyalty    
p]sonal scruples mu/ be set aside4  ,i  
c\ld n b apply ?is doctr9e to my own    
/ate ( m9d4  ,london ask$ me to play !  
game1 & ,i 0 n play+ x4  ,x 0 impossible
 to put he>t into a k9d ( life :i* ,i   
inw>dly dete/$4  ,i did my day's "w ) a 
m9d divid$2 &1 al?\gh no "o c\ld accuse 

me ( wilful neglig5ce1 yet a *ild c\ld  
see t my "w miss$ t quality ( entire    
effici5cy :i* makes = success4  ,i might
 c\nt myself mu* sup]ior to m5 l        
,arr[smi? by ! possession ( sup]ior     
s5tim5ts1 yet1 9 ! long run1 my s5tim5t 
debilitat$ me1 & 8 de/itution ( s5tim5t 
0 a s\rce ( p[] to him 9 ! k9d ( "w we  
bo? _h to d4  ,to ! man :o dete/s !     
nature ( 8 employm5t z ,i dete/$ m9e1 ,i
 w\ld say at once1 ei!r conqu] y\r      
dete/ation or *ange y\r "w4  ,"w t is n 
g5u9ely lov$ _c possibly be done well4  
,x is no use *af+ & frett+ & wi%+ t y   
liv$ 9 ! c\ntry1 if y "k p]fectly well t
 y h n ! lea/ int5tion ( liv+ any:]e b 9
 ! t[n4 ,if x is t[n life y are really  
b5t ^u1 ! soon] ru/ic in/9cts are       
uproot$ ! bett] = y4  ,london c prove   
h]self a complaisant mi/ress to ^? :o   
desire no o!r1 b %e w give no?+ to ^? :o
 fl\t h] 9 _! he>ts4  ,9 pla9 words !re 
is no middle c\rse betwe5 accept+ ! yoke
 or f9ally reject+ x2 ei!r c\rse may be 
ju/ifi$1 b x is ! sillie/ folly to      

accept ) complac5cy a yoke :i* y mean to
 %ake (f ! mom5t y h c\rage or          
opportunity to revolt4  ,london m>ks su*
 dissembl]s ) an angry eye1 z capta9s   
m>k reluctant soldi]s2 & if "t holds no 
disgrace = !m x w c]ta9ly br+ !m no     
advancem5t4  ,7 my f9e !ories compos$ ( 
m]e fluid s5tim5t1 or _h !y "s m        
consi/5t elem5t 9 !m :i* 0 capable (    
h>d5+ into inv9cible conviction8  ,t 0  
my problem4  ,x 0 debat$ 9 season & out 
( season4  ,gradually ! two dom9ant     
factors 9 ! problem became evid5t2 !y 7 
heal? & economics4  ,!re c\ld be no "q  
ab\t heal?4  ,x 0 true t ,i _h suff]$ f 
no s]i\s illness 9 my life1 b ,london   
kept me 9 a normal /ate ( l[ vitality4  
,i _h con/ant heada*es1 fits (          
depression1 & m9or physical d]angem5ts4 
,i r>ely knew :at x 0 to wake 9 ! morn+ 
) t cle> joy\sness ( _s :i* m>ks vigor\s
 vitality4  ,a ,london w9t] ,i dread$1 &
 ,i _h good reason = my dread4  ,:5 !   
fog lay on ! t[n an unbe>able oppression
 lay also on my spirits4  ,imag9ation _h

 little to d ) ?is oppression2 x 0 !    
physical result ( lack ( oxyg54  ,x 0 ! 
same ) my *ildr52 !y grew p9*$ & blea*$ 
9 face1 & w5t ab\t _! little tasks ) !  
sl[ness ( old m54  ,x is /at$1 ,i       
believe1 t ,london is ! heal?ie/ city 9 
! _w2 no d\bt x is true z reg>ds !      
actual p]c5tage ( disease to ! imm5se   
population1 b /ati/ics take no acc\nt ( 
l[]$ vitality4 ,)\t be+ actually ill1   
vitality may be r$uc$ to a po9t at :i*  
exi/5ce becomes a k9d ( mis]y4  ,alcohol
 dissolves = a "t ! cl\d on ! m9d1 !    
incubus ^u ! en]gies2 & ! relief is s   
great t m5 d n ?9k ( ! price !y pay = x4
  ,no wond] public-h\ses are ! l&m>ks ( 
,london locomotion2 !y are ! ,temples ( 
,oblivion1 :]e ! devitalis$ multitudes  
seek to =get !mselves1 t !y may rega9 ! 
c\rage to live at all4  ,= myself1 ,i _h
 s5se to "k t /imulants ( ?is k9d 7 a   
rem$y mu* worse ?an ! disease4  ,! only 
/imulant1 at once safe & effectual1 :i* 
,i ne$$ 0 fre% air4  ,! mom5t ,i f\nd   
myself among ! hills a miracul\s *ange 0

 wr\ght 9 me4  ,i _h n brea!d t quick & 
vital air = an h\r be=e a gl[ ran ?r\gh 
my ve9s m delightful1 & mu* m endur+1   
?an ! gl[ ( w9e4  ,a s+le night 9 "s    
small cottage *amb]--:]e ! v b$ _h a    
cool sc5t ( fl[]s & lawns1 :]e ! op5    
w9d[ admitt$ air fre% f p9e =e/ & m\nta9
 /reams1 :]e ! sil5ce 0 s deep t "o's   
pulse seem$ to tick al\d l a wat*--& ,i 
awoke a man r5ew$4  ,six o'clock1 or ev5
 five1 0 n too soon = all my little     
h\sehold to be a/ir4  ,we 7 all alike   
eag] = ! op5 air2 = ! walk1 b>e-foot$1  
?r\gh ! dewy grass to ! m\nta9 pool2 = !
 %ock & ?rill ( t gre5 wat] into :i* we 
plung$ delight$2 & 9 ^? prolong$ & pure 
ablations ,i ?9k our spirits %>$4  ,!   
bells ( laught] rang ! livelong day4  ,!
 cramp$ m9d began to move aga91 & long  
abdicat$ p[]s ( fancy & ( hum\r 7       
re/or$4  ,equanimity ( body br\ght      
ev5ness ( temp]2 x 0 incr$ible to       
recollect h[ irritable we _h be5 ) "o   
ano!r 9 ^? gha/ly days ( ,london fog1 :5
 ! v grat+ ( a *air along ! floor made !

 n]ves jump4  ,ev5 ! m9d took new edge1 
= ?\gh ,i did n read mu* ^u a holiday1  
yet ,i f\nd t :at ,i did read left a    
cle>ness ( impression to :i* ,i _h long 
be5 unaccu/om$4  ,& :at 0 ! root & cause
 ( all ?is miracle8  ,fre% air1 :olesome
 food1 rude heal?--no?+ m6  ,to feel t x
 is bliss to be alive1 heal? alone is   
ne$$4  ,& by heal? ,i mean n ! abs5ce ( 
physical ailm5t or disease1 b a high    
condition ( vitality4  ,?is ! c\ntry    
gave me2 ?is ! t[n d5i$ me4  ,! only "q 
0 !n1 at :at rate did ,i value ! boon8  
,?is br\ght me imm$iately to ! mu* m    
complex problem ( economics4  ,i knew t 
m5 c\ld live 9 ! c\ntry on small means1 
= m5 did s2 b ,i p]ceiv$ t ! art ( liv+ 
9 ! c\ntry did n come by nature4  ,e "o 
supposes t he c drive a horse or gr[    
potatoes2 &1 :5 we recollect h[ _m ?\s&s
 ( m5 g to ,canada to take up           
agricultural pursuits )\t ! lea/ k ( !  
bus9ess1 x is cle> t ! belief is g5]al t
 any man c f>m4  ,i may claim ! m]it (  
fre$om f ?is popul> delusion4 ,i n only 

knew t ,i c\ld n f>m1 b ,i did n wi% to 
be a f>m]4  ,:at ,i wi%$ 0 to live 9 !  
c\ntry 9 "s mode/ way t answ]$ to my    
ne$s2 to e>n by "s =m ( ex]tion a small 
income2 & at ! mo/1 to gr[ my own       
vegetables1 cat* my own fi%1 & sn>e my  
own rabbits4  ,a legacy ( two hundr$ a  
ye> w\ld h s]v$ my purpose admirably1 b 
mode/y =bade me lay+ my case be=e       
b5evol5t millionaires1 & a de/itution ( 
maid5 aunts put an end to any hopes ( a 
beque/ by natural causes4  ,:at 0 my    
precise position !n8  ,i _h a sal>y (   
two hundr$ & fifty p\nds a ye>4  ,an    
inve/m5t t _h turn$ out =tunately gave  
me ab\t =ty p\nds a ye>4  ,i _h done f  
"t to "t a little "w = ! press1 :i* _h  
be5 wor? to me ab\t ?irty p\nds a ye> m4
  ,my total budget %[$1 !n1 an annual   
income ( ?ree hundr$ & tw5ty p\nds1 :i* 
,i f\nd b>ely suffici5t = my ne$s z a   
dwell] 9 t[ns4  ,if ,i migrat$ to a     
cottage1 h[ w\ld matt]s /& ) me8   ,i   
%\ld lose my two hundr$ & fifty p\nds p]
 annum ( c\rse1 & ?is 0 an al>m+        

prospect4  ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 ,i rem9d$   
myself t ,i _h nev] really possess$ x4  
,i prep>$ v>i\s tables 9 :i* ,i arrang$ 
! items ( my exp5diture "u two heads1   
viz4 ! exp5diture t 0 inevitable1 & !   
exp5diture t 0 evitable1 because x 0 !  
result ( t[n life4 ,i %all be/ expla9 by
 giv+ a sample ( ^! tables3--           
,,table ,i4    ,,inevitable             
,,exp5diture4                    ,l4  s4
  d4    ,food & g5]al h\sehold exp5ses1 
calculat$ at #cjs4 p] week   4 4 4 4 4  
#gh  #j   #j   ,books1 magaz9es1 & pap]s
  4 4 4 4 4 4   #e  #j   #j   ,clo!s =  
two adults & two *ildr5 4  #bj  #j   #j 
,insurances  4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
 4  #be  #j   #j   ,holidays  4 4 4 4 4 
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4  #cj  #j   #j     
,education   4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
 4  #ce  #j   #j   ,sundries  4 4 4 4 4 
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4  #aj  #j   #j     
,r5t1 rates1 & taxes  4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 
#fe  #j   #j                            
----------                              
,l#bfh  #j   #j    ,,table ,,ii4        

,,evitable ,,exp5diture4    ,if ,i      
adopt$ a c\ntry life4               ,l4 
s4  d4    ,holidays  4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
 4 4 4 4 4 4  #cj  #j   #j   ,by sav+ on
 r5t1 rates1 & taxes1     calculat+ my  
cottage co/ me n     m ?an ,l#bj p]     
annum   4 4 4 4 4 4 4  #de  #j   #j     
,by sav+ 9 food   4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 
#bj  #j   #j                            
----------                              
,l#ie  #j   #j   ,x w be se5 t ,i all[$ 
no r$uction 9 clo!s & books1 = ,i did n 
wi% my *ildr5 to be dress$ z begg>s1 or 
to be ignorant ( curr5t lit]ature4  ,x  
does n ne$ ! eye ( a *>t]$ acc\ntant to 
p]ceive t :atev] may be said = ,table   
,,ii41 ,table ,i4 is n satisfactory4  ,9
 x ,i acc\nt$ = only #bfh p\nds1 :]eas  
,i h already /at$ my total income 0 #cbj
 p\nds4  ,:at became ( ! #eb p\nds :i*  
f\nd no record 9 my +5u\s s*$ule8  ,i   
c\ld n tell1 b ,i 0 pretty sure t x 0   
absorb$ 9 ! petty wa/efulness ( t[n     
life4 ,london]s are s accu/om$ to       
con/ant daily exp5diture 9 small ways1 t

 x occurs to no "o to asc]ta9 h[        
consid]able an encroa*m5t ?is aggregate 
exp5diture is ^u ! total ye>ly income4  
,9 all b v f9e wea!r ,i mu/ ne$s use "s 
means ( public conveyance e day2 !re 0 a
 daily lun* to be provid$2 & :5 "w kept 
me late at ! (fice !re 0 tea z well4    
,"o c lun* com=tably on a %ill+ or      
eighte5p5ce a day2 & ,i knew places :]e 
,i c\ld h lun*$ = mu* less1 b !y 7 9    
p>ts ( ! t[n :i* ,i c\ld n rea* 9 !     
brief "t at my disposal4 ,moreov]1 "o   
mu/ ne$s be ! slave ( etiquette ev5 ?\gh
 he be a cl]k1 & if all ! /aff ( an     
(fice frequ5t a c]ta9 re/aurant1 "o mu/ 
p]=ce fall into l9e ) !m "u p5alty (    
social o/racism4  ,?us1 :e!r ,i lik$ x  
or n1 = five days 9 ! week ,i _h to sp5d
 eighte5p5ce a day = lun*1 & f\rp5ce =  
teas2 & if we add ^? small gratuities   
:i* ! poore/ m5 take x z a po9t ( hon\r 
to obs]ve1 "h 0 an annual exp5diture (  
#be p\nds4  ,tak+ "o ?+ ) ano!r #e p\nds
 might be add$ = 'bus & railway f>es2 s 
t only #bb p\nds is left to be acc\nt$  

=4 ,& n[1 if we return to ,table ,,ii41 
x is obvi\s t my income ( #cbj p\nds p] 
annum 0 only nom9al1 because a v great  
"p ( x 0 really sp5t 9 keep+ up a       
position :i* a t[n life impos$ ^u me4   
,be=e ,i t\*$ a s+le p5ny ( my nom9al   
income ( #bej p\nds p] annum1 ,i _h paid
 #cj p\nds p] ye> 9 ! daily exp5ses     
inevitable to my position1 & #fe p\nds =
 r5t & taxes1 :i* 0 q #de p\nds m ?an ,i
 ought to pay4  ,education comes also to
 be consid]$ at ?is po9t4  ,my two      
*ildr5 w5t to a v respectable s*ool at !
 co/ ( a little m ?an #ae p\nds p] annum
 ea*4  ,no d\bt ,i might h s5t !m to a  
,bo>d s*ool1 :]e !y w\ld h receiv$ a    
bett] education2 b 9 ! "p ( ,london :]e 
,i liv$ !re 0 no ,bo>d s*ool )9 easy    
rea*1 & besides ?is1 ?\gh ,i hate !     
pret5sion ( g5tility1 mann]s &          
companion%ip h to be consid]$ z well z  
education 9 ! *oice ( a s*ool4  ,a *ild 
may take no h>m by sitt+ on ! same b5* )
 village *ildr51 b ! ,london gam9 is n a
 desirable acqua9tance4  ,9 ?is1 z 9 o!r

 matt]s1 ,i paid ?r\gh ! nose = my      
position2 & ! conv5tion co/ me a cle>   
#ce p\nds p] annum4  ,?us ,i calculat$ t
 out ( a nom9al income ( #bej p\nds p]  
annum #ajj p\nds 0 paid z a tax to      
conv5tion & respectability4  ,i h no    
d\bt t a good _m flaws may be f\nd 9 ^! 
calculations2 b "o po9t is beyond       
dispute1 viz41 t a t[n income is always 
m app>5t ?an real4  ,money is wor? no m 
?an its pur*as+ p[]4  ,! bus9ess man :o 
is (f]$ #ajjj p\nds p] annum 9 ,new     
,york aga9/ #gjj p\nds p] annum 9       
,london1 refuses ! (f] unless x c>ries )
 x great cont+5t advantages1 because he 
kn[s p]fectly well t #gjj p\nds a ye> 9 
,london is wor? a good deal m ?an #ajjj 
p\nds a ye> 9 ,new ,york4  ,b ! same k9d
 ( prud5t calculation is seldom appli$  
to ! case ( t[n v]sus c\ntry liv+ at    
home4  ,x is impossible to p]suade !    
lab\r] t a p\nd a week 9 ,london is     
really less ?an fifte5 %ill+s a week 9 !
 c\ntry4  ,m5 are dazzl$ by m]e figures1
 & !re is no c\ntry cl]k :o w\ld n jump 

at ! idea ( a fifty p\nds a ye> rise 9  
,london1 ?\gh t5 m9utes sp5t ov] a sum 9
 addition & subtraction w\ld be         
suffici5t to assure him t he w\ld n be  
enl>g+ 8 income b dim9i%+ x4  ,a man has
 to live ^u a c]ta9 scale suit$ to 8    
ne$s & ta/es1 b ! income :i* makes ?is  
k9d ( life possible is a v>iable        
quantity4  ,x is n by :at m5 e>n 9 !    
aggregate t _! incomes %\ld be measur$1 
b by :at !y h left :5 ! necess>y co/ (  
liv+ is defray$4  ,if x co/s a man fifty
 p\nds a ye> m to live 9 ,london ?an 9 !
 c\ntry1 he is obvi\sly no bett] (f by !
 extra fifty p\nds he e>ns 9 ,london4   
,he is n e>n+ fifty p\nds = himself b   
fifty p\nds = ! l&lord1 !               
rate-collector1 ! gas-man1 ! re/aurant  
proprietor1 ! omnibus & railway         
companies4  ,8 gold nev] rea*es 8 own   
pocket2 x is fil*$ f him by dext]\s     
?ieves2 x gleams be=e him = an in/ant l 
! co9 spun 9 ! air by ! conjur] or      
?imble-rigg]1 & !n vani%es = ev]4  ,yet 
,i h f\nd few m5 ke5 en\gh to p5etrate !

 delusion2 x w\ld seem !y love to be    
delud$1 & by _! conduct ju/ify ! satiric
 l9es ( ,hudibras--    ,d\btless !      
pleasure is z great   ,to *eat$ be z    
'tis to *eat4  ,9 mo/ ?+s ,i claim to be
 no wis] ?an my fell[-m51 b 9 ?is ,i    
knew myself wis]2 ,i knew :]e ,i 0      
*eat$4  ,i knew t ! s*oolma/] :o co/ me 
?irty p\nds a ye> 0 a lic5s$ footpad2   
half ! money sp5t 9 re/aurants &        
tea-%ops 0 blackmail paid to            
respectability2 ! l&lord :o took 8      
=ty-five p\nds a ye> f my pocket 0 a m]e
 robb]1 :o took advantage ( ! ne$ ,i _h 
to live 9 a c]ta9 locality t ,i might   
att5d to my vocation4  ,n only 7 my     
bra9s exploit$ t my employ] might ma9ta9
 a sumptu\s h\se at ,k5s+ton1 b ! wage  
he paid me 0 exploit$ by a ho/ ( o!r p1 
:o _h h\ses ( _! own to ma9ta94 ,be=e ,i
 c\ld fe$ my *ildr5 ,i mu/ help to pay =
 & cook ! d9n] ( ! folk :o liv$ on !    
divid5ds ( railways & omnibus companies4
  ,on ! way to my (fice ! tailor took   
toll ( me by =c+ me to we> a g>b :i* ,i 

dete/$1 simply because ,i d>$ we> no o!r
 g>b4  ,i c\ld n ev5 dr9k pla9 wat] b t 
"s "o 0 ! ri*]4  ,i 0 ! common gull ( ! 
?+ call$ conv5tion4 ,i 0 pluck$ to !    
sk91 & if my sk9 _h be5 wor? turn+ into 
lea!r1 "s "o w\ld h put 9 a claim to t4 
,ev5 = my sk91 poor asset z x 01 "s "o  
did wait1 :5 x _h ceas$ to be ( use to  
me1 = ,london cemet]ies decl>e divid5ds 
^u ! dead4  ,my case rem9d$ me ( an old 
g5tleman ,i once knew1 :o wore s _m     
coats1 wai/coats1 & %irts to keep w>m? 9
 a body ( s+ul> att5uation1 t x 0       
commonly said t by ! "t ,james ,smi?    
undress$ at night !re 0 v little ,james 
,smi? t 0 discov]able4  ,c]ta9ly by ! "t
 ,london _h done wr++ gold out ( me !re 
0 v little gold left t 0 my own4  ,!re  
01 h[ev]1 "o k9d ( com=t to be d$uc$ f  
^! reflections2 if ,i 0 n ne>ly s well  
(f z ,i appe>$ to be1 ,i _h all ! less  
to lose4  ,rightly consid]$ x w\ld n be 
#bej p\nds p] annum t ,i %\ld lose by   
leav+ ,london1 = ,i _h nev] possess$ t  
sum1 ,i calculat$ my real loss at some?+

 ne>] #aej p\nds1 & ?is seem$ n s       
t]rible a ?+4  ,i _h my =ty p\nds a ye> 
= c]ta94  ,i _h ! small e>n+s ( my p51 &
 ) abundant "t ^u my h&s ,i saw e reason
 :y ^! %\ld be increas$4  ,c\ld ,i face 
a new k9d ( life ^u an income ( sev5ty  
p\nds p] annum8  ,ah1 h[ anxi\sly t     
problem 0 debat$ ) my wife1 _m a night  
:5 ! *ildr5 7 ab$6  ,! natural          
cons]vatism ( woman _h a great deal to  
say 9 ^! debates4  ',x 0 all v well1'   
said my wife1 'to d ^! little sums on   
pap]1 b suppose ! facts did n           
correspond8  ,suppose ,i f\nd no cottage
 at tw5ty p\nds a ye>1 & no dec5t s*ool 
at sixp5ce a week8  ,!n ! _w 0 full (   
writ]s = ! press4'  7,i fr[n$47  ',n (  
c\rse l y1 n half s good1' %e add$ ) a  
smile1 'b h[ d y "k t y w succe$8  ,%[  
me a fix$ income ( #ajj p\nds a ye>1 &  
,i w\ld *ance x1 = ,i c live simply     
en\gh1' %e w\ld say1 '& am z fond (     
lib]ty z y4'  ,%e might h add$ :at ,i   
knew to be true1 t ! p5alties ( ,london 
life fell heavi] ^u h] ?an me4  ,i 0 n  

ins5sible to ! in/antane\s light5+ (    
spirits t happ5$ ) h] :5 %e 0 able to   
=sake ! abom9able purlieus ( !          
cell>-kit*5 :]e h] life 0 sp5t2 & al?\gh
 ,i knew n half h] toils1 nor half h]   
dejections & anxieties1 :i* 7 s$ul\sly  
kept f me1 yet ,i 0 n :olly bl9d4  ,i _h
 se5 h] too amid ! roses ( a cottage    
g>d5 fly+ ! col\r ( long-=gott5 roses 9 
h] *eeks2 9 ! hay-field %ak+ (f a doz5  
ye>s 9 z _m h\rs2 & al?\gh %e 0 always  
"y to me1 %e nev] seem$ s "y & sweet z  
:5 we walk$ a honeysuckl$ lane toge!r4  
,h] desire 0 ) me ,i knew well2 %e _h no
 fe> ( pov]ty1 & w\ld h be5 cont5t )    
pla9] f>e ?an ,i2 b h] *ildr5 made h]   
prud5t4  ,at la/ ! "o ?+ happ5$ :i* made
 h] prud5ce co9cide ) h] desires2 "o ( !
 *ildr5 sick5$ ) a languor t 0 !        
precursor ( disease1 & ! doctors said t 
only c\ntry air c\ld br+ back /r5g?4  ,&
 !n fate itself took ! :ole matt] out ( 
my control4  ,some?+ happ5$ 9 ! city--,i
 "k n :at--& ! firm ,i s]v$ came ne> to 
%ipwreck4  ,bus9ess %rank to a dim9i%$  

*annel1 & ! /aff ( cl]ks mu/ ne$s be    
r$uc$4  ,i h said "s h>d words ( my     
employ] z ! exploit] ( my lab\r2 he w   
appe> no m 9 ?is hi/ory1 & my la/ ^w    
ab\t him %all be ju/ly k9d4  ,he broke !
 news ( 8 mis=tune to me ) a delicacy t 
made me respect him1 & ) a hesitat+     
pa9ful %ame t made me pity him4  ,he    
prais$ me beyond my m]it = my tw5ty ye>s
 ( s]vice2 he _h hop$ to keep me ) him =
 ano!r tw5ty ye>s1 & ,i believe he spoke
 ! tru? :5 he said x pa9$ him to ?9k t 8
 mis=tunes %\ld be m9e4  ,he h&$ me 9   
sil5ce a *eque = fifty p\nds4  ,he !n   
%ook my h& he>tily1 murmur$ "s vague    
words ab\t hop+ to re9/ate me if ?+s    
%\ld m5d1 & hurri$ f me2 & 9 8 brok5    
look & b[$ %\ld]s ,i read ! prophecy t 8
 days ( =tune & success 7 gone = ev]4   
,! little trag$y 0 play$ out 9 less ?an 
t5 m9utes4  ,i lock$ my desk1 put on my 
hat & coat1 & w5t out into ! /reet2 & my
 he>t felt a pang at leav+ ! place :i*  
,i %\ld nev] h imag9$ possible4 ,i _h   
walk$ fully half a mile be=e ano!r ?\ght

 occurr$ to me4 ,my blood sudd5ly sang 9
 my ve9s1 & ,i rememb]$ t ,i 0 an       
emancipat$ slave2 at la/ ,i 0 ,free6    
,,*apt] ,,vi  ,,9 ,,se>* ,,( ,,!        
,,picturesque  ,i 0 free1 b :at 0 ,i to 
d ) my fre$om8  ,+5i\s apologi/s =      
slav]y us$ to argue t ! slave 0 mu*     
happi] z a bondman ?an a freeman1 z long
 z ! conditions ( 8 bondage 7 n         
un5durably h>%3 b no "o ev] knew a slave
 :o held ?is cre$4 ,!re nev] 0 a slave  
:o did n pref] 8 d9n] ( h]bs1 e>n$ by 8 
own lab\r1 to ! /all$ ox ( luxuri\s     
captivity4   ,= my "p1 ,i ?\ght ! air   
nev] ta/$ s sweet z on t morn+ ( my     
lib]ation4  ,i walk$ sl[ly1 draw+ long  
brea?s1 t ,i might ta/e its full reli%1 
z a connoisseur passes an exquisite &   
r>e w9e ov] 8 palate1 t he may          
discrim9ate its subtleties4  ,i became a
 l\ng]1 & took ! pavem5t ) ! air ( a    
g5tleman at ease4  ,i w&]$ into ,hyde   
,p>k1 paid my p5ny = a seat1 & sat d[n  
almo/ dizzy ) ! unaccu/om$ ?\ght t !re 0
 n a human be+ 9 ! univ]se :o1 at t     

mom5t1 _h ! smalle/ claim to make ^u my 
"t or en]gy4  ,an h\r pass$ 9 a k9d (   
ec/atic dream4  ,x *anc$ to be a morn+  
:5 ,que5 ,victoria 0 driv+ f ,padd+ton  
to ,buck+ham ,palace1 & e in/ant ! ?rong
 ( c>riages increas$4  ,/&+ on my seat1 
,i saw an imm5se lane ( p1 sil5t z a    
wood2 a contagi\s %iv] /irr$ !m1 l a gu/
 ( w9d among/ ! leaves2 ,i saw ! di/ant 
glitt] ( helmets & cuirasses1 & !       
pageant swept along ) t "o tir$1 k9dly1 
homely face = its c5tre ( attraction1   
lur+ loyalty ev5 f a he>t s republican z
 m9e by its air ( pati5t we>9ess4  ,i   
?\ght1 & ,i believ$ ! ?\ght s9c]e1 t ,i 
w\ld n h ex*ang$ places ) h] :o 0 !     
mi/ress ( s _m peoples1 ! ,empress ( su*
 indet]m9able ,empire4  ,my new-born    
loyalty 0 ?ree-p>ts pity4  ,_h %e1 :o   
sat !re 9 su* 'lonely spl5d\r1' ev] kn[n
 ! day1 s9ce z a "y girl ! heavy rod (  
empire 0 intru/$ to h] frail &          
unaccu/om$ h&s1 :5 %e woke to say1 ',?is
 day ,i am free1 ,i w g :]e ,i w1 d z ,i
 please1 & none %all /ay me8' ,yet ,i1 a

 manumitt$ cl]k1 _h come ^u ?is s+ul> & 
glad day2 & ,i _h x 9 my he>t to say )  
,em]son1 ',give me heal? & a day1 & ,i w
 make ! pomp ( empire ridicul\s4'  ,i   
turn$ sl[ly homew>d 9 ?is gl[ (         
exultation4  ,i %\ld h run1 = ! news1   
ei!r good or evil1 call$ = in/ant       
communication4  ,let my delay /& excus$2
 ,i _h c]ta9 matt]s to be settl$ )      
myself t morn+4  ,my feet _h to le>n a  
new k9d ( movem5t1 & my ?\ghts a new    
sequ5ce2 ,i 0 z a *ild le>n+ to walk &  
?9k be=e ,i c\ld take my place on equal 
t]ms ) new companions4  ,"o incid5t ( my
 walk /ruck me by way ( hum\r &         
discov]y4  ,i _h (t5 /roll$ into        
book%ops t[>d ev5+1 & _h rem>k$ ^u !    
cold disc\rtesy ) :i* my pres5ce 0      
reg>d$4 ,n[ ,i knew ! reason2 ,i _h come
 at ! cl]k's h\r1 & ! ke5 eyes (        
discrim9at+ %opm5 _h recognis$ my l[    
e/ate4  ,i came n[ "u alt]$ auspices4   
,to %op at ?ree 9 ! aft]noon is to give 
pro( ( leisure2 behold1 9 ! eyes (      
obsequi\s %opm5 ,i _h at once become a  

weal?y dilettante1 nurtur+ ! gr[? ( an  
exp5sive libr>y1 & ! r>e/ books 7 laid  
be=e me ) an +ratiat+ smile4  ,let ! man
 :o w\ld und]/& h[ mu* ! e/imates m5    
take ( u are bas$ on weal?1 or suppos$  
weal?1 make ! brief exp]im5t ( %opp+ at 
! ri* man's h\r1 in/ead ( at ! poor     
man's2 he w be surpris$ to note !       
diff]5ce ( ! social atmosph]e4  ,a man's
 clo!s may be poor en\gh1 & 8 appe>ance 
contemptible1 b if he w %op at ! h\r :5 
all ! drudges are at "w1 no "o w take   
him = a drudge4  ,i w confess x gave me 
pleasure to note ?is *ange ( e/imate4   
,i seem$ to ta/e ! fir/ privilege ( a   
freeman1 :5 a pursy booksell] took f a  
glass case c]ta9 exp5sive books on ,art1
 & drew my att5tion1 ) subtle def]5ce to
 my judgm5t1 to ! m]its ( ! pictures !y 
conta9$4  ,i may z well confess at once1
 t s intoxicat$ 0 ,i ) ! new respect t  
greet$ me1 t ,i ev5 b\ght "o ( ^!       
volumes1 :i* ,i did n ne$1 & c]ta9ly    
c\ld n af=d4  ,x 0 a weakness & a folly1
 no d\bt2 b h[ c\ld ,i tell my obsequi\s

 fri5d t ,i paid my gu9ea n = any?+ he  
sold me1 b z a sort ( fir/ foot+ on my  
entrance to ! realm ( fre$om8  ,i might 
h sp5t x mu* worse1 = ,i b\ght my       
self-respect ) x4  ,! sight ( my door/ep
 br\ght me to my be>+s1 = a man's own   
door/ep is a r>e corrective ( disord]$  
fancies4  ,! fact ,i _h to communicate 0
 briefly ?is2 ,t ,i _h lo/ #bej p\nds p]
 annum1 aga9/ :i* ,i _h #ej p\nds to %[ 
by way ( comp5sation4  ,wom51 ,i h long 
notic$--or wom5 ( ! be/ k9d1 ,i ought to
 add--h mu* m g5ius 9 f9ance ?an m54    
,!y h a mu* ke5] s5se ( ! use ( money2  
an excell5t ?+ 9 wom5 :5 x does n       
det]iorate into *eese-p>+ & sordid      
p>simony4  ,!y1 be+ primitive &         
unsophi/icat$ creatures1 are unacqua9t$ 
) ! lax morals ( ! *eque-book2 a p\nd is
 j tw5ty %ill+s to !m1 & ea* %ill+ is an
 entity1 & ea* is sp5t ) an indomitable 
aim to get ! mo/ out ( x4  ,h[ w\ld my  
wife reg>d ! def9ite disappe>ance ( five
 ?\s& %ill+s8  ,n ) levity1 ,i knew2 &  
,i ?\ght x be/ to say no?+ ( t gu9ea    

volume on ! ,tombs ( ! ,etruscans4  ,!  
,tombs ( ! ,etruscans w\ld h meant to h]
 ?ree pairs ( boots2 & ,i wi%$ t ,i     
might conceal x 9 m9e4  ,a wise bi%op   
once argu$ t m>riage 0 orda9$ n = man's 
pleasure1 b 8 discipl9e2 ,i believe t he
 0 n f> wrong4  ,x is no use disput+ !  
fact t ! m>ri$ man is always 9 dang] ( !
 judgm5t2 & x is only by "s =m ( brib]y 
t he c hope to escape be+ ca/ 9 damages4
  ,i resolv$ on brib]y1 & made my *eque 
! bribe4  ,"h said ,i1 0 pres5t weal?1  
let u be cont5t4  ,! plea 0 n receiv$ ) 
in/ant fav\r1 b x 0 n :olly ineffectual4
  ,by ! "t we sat d[n to supp] t night  
we _h all atta9$ to *e]fulness4  ,x 0 a 
meal ( "s t5uity1 n calculat$ to lie    
heavy on ! /oma*2 =1 said ,*>lotte1 ',if
 we h to beg9 high ?9k+ & pla9 liv+1 we 
c't beg9 too e>ly4'  ,! only load on my 
dige/ion t night 0 ! ,tombs ( !         
,etruscans4  ,x says mu* = ! /eadfa/ness
 ( our convictions1 t 9 ?is new crisis (
 affairs ! old resolution to seek a     
c\ntry life pass$ unque/ion$4  ,:at to  

ano!r _h seem$ calamity appe>$ to u     
opportunity4  ,:5 ! daily pap] came next
 morn+1 x 0 n to ! columns :]e comm]ce  
*ronicles its wants t my eye turn$1 b to
 ! mu* m engag+ columns :]e l&s & h\ses 
7 adv]tis$ = sale4  ,?is "p ( ! newspap]
 _h long ago attract$ me by its f9e air 
( surreptiti\s romance4  ,my m9d _h (t5 
be5 kept agl[ = a :ole day by "s        
s$uctive adv]tisem5t ( cottages 'situate
 amid p9e-woods1' or f>mh\ses1 all      
complete1 ev5 to ! /yes & k5nels1 :i* by
 all acc\nts 7 to be giv5 away4  ,"o su*
 adv]tisem5t ,i p>ticul>ly rememb] = a  
k9d ( insane g5]osity :i* p]vad$ x4  ,x 
describ$ at l5g? a f>mh\se1 '/one-built 
& cov]$ ) ivy' 7obs]ve ! v def9ite s5se 
( ! picturesque convey$ 9 ?is phrase71  
conta9+ t5 rooms1 comm&+ pleasant views 
( a well-wood$ c\ntry1 toge!r ) a l>ge  
or*>d1 & "o hundr$ & fifty acres (      
freehold l&1 ! :ole ( :i* might be      
pur*as$ = #gej p\nds2 &1 add$ !         
adv]tis]1 '! furniture at pres5t 9 !    
h\se is includ$ 9 ! price4'  ,i d n "k  

:]e ?is t]re/rial ,p>adise exi/$2 ,i    
believe x 0 9 ,essex2 b ,i (t5 regrett$ 
t ,i made no ef=t to discov] x4  ,h[ev]1
 ! morn+ pap]1 if x conta9$ no p>agraph 
comp>able ) ?is 9 po9t ( /yle &         
s$uction1 c]ta9ly did appe> s+ul>ly ri* 
9 ,p>adises4  ,philan?ropi/s1 disguis$ z
 l&-ag5ts1 cont5d$ eag]ly ) "o ano!r    
?r\gh _m columns ( adv]tisem5ts1 (f]+ a 
reluctant _w all ! advantages ( rural   
happ9ess on :at appe>$ m]ely nom9al     
t]ms4  ,x appe>$ t !y did n ev5 want !  
money1 :i* !y m5tion$ only 9 a k9d (    
g5tlemanly :isp]2 pay !m b #ajj p\nds 9 
s\nd ca%1 & ! re/ might /& at mortgage  
^u easy t]ms = an indef9ite p]iod6 ,"o  
might h imag9$ t ! :ole ( rural ,engl& 0
 depopulat$2 t ,ed5 itself _h be5 cut up
 into build+ lots2 t1 9 fact1 ! l&-ag5t 
0 subsidis$ by a pat]nal gov]nm5t to    
p]suade ! t[nsman to turn l&$ proprietor
 on t]ms :i* ev5 ! squatt] 9 new l&s    
w\ld reg>d z g5]\s4  ,! reality ,i soon 
f\nd to be entirely diff]5t4  ,! mom5t  
,i set ab\t ! delib]ate bus9ess ( f9d+ a

 cottage ,i made a s]ies ( surpris+     
discov]ies :i* ,i w n[ relate4  ,9 !    
fir/ place1 ,i f\nd t _m ( ^! mu* vaunt$
 f>mh\ses 7 situat$ 9 di/ricts utt]ly   
de/itute ( beauty1 & ev5 desolate4  ,"o 
specim5 may /& = ! :ole4  ,i omit !     
p>ticul>s ( ! adv]tisem5t1 :i* 0 drawn  
up 9 ! usual /yle2 b ,i mu/ say1 9      
ju/ice to its au?or1 t :5 ,i int]view$  
him 9 8 city (fice he did :at he c\ld to
 disc\rage too abundant hope4  ,he did n
 g ! l5g? ( admitt+ 8 description false1
 b he told me drily t ',i _h bett] see !
 ?+ = myself4'  ,an h\r's j\rney f\nd me
 on ! ,essex flats4 ,!re 0 a bright sky 
& a brisk w9d1 b no?+ c\ld disguise !   
featureless monotony ( ! f>-/ret*$      
l&scape4  ,! tra9 put me d[n at a       
roadside /ation :]e a dogc>t wait$ my   
arrival4  ,i drove ?r\gh a small village
 ( mean1 r$-brick h\ses1 & soon f\nd    
myself 9 ! op5 c\ntry4  ,my driv] made b
 "o rem>k dur+ ! f\r-mile j\rney4  ',y  
be come to see ,dawes' f>m8' he said4   
,i admitt$ ! fact4  ',!re's a-_m has    

come1' he repli$4  ',y be ! tw5ty-fir/  
,i h drove4  ,an' !y all be uncommon    
glad to get away ag54'  ',:y8' ,i ask$4 
',y'll soon f9d out4'  ,) t he lit 8    
pipe & smok$ /olidly4  ,i 0 n long 9    
compreh5d+ ! reason ( 8 retic5ce4       
,dawes' f>m may once h be5 a com=table  
resid5ce1 b :5 ,i saw x x 0 a mildew$1  
rat-haunt$ ru94  ,x /ood ^u a piece (   
r$eem$ m>%-l&1 & ! salt damp ( ! m>% _h 
eat5 into its v vitals4  ,! wa9scots 7  
discol\r$1 ! walls ooz$1 & "p ( ! ro( 0 
brok54  ,!re _h once be5 a g>d52 t1 l ! 
re/1 0 a ru94 ,! l& 0 !re no d\bt1 fifty
 acres said ! adv]tisem5t1 b x 0        
treeless1 bleak1 flat1 cov]$ ) co>se    
grass1 & cut up by muddy wat]c\rses4    
,to h liv$ 9 ! h\se at all x mu/ h be5  
rebuilt1 & ev5 !n no?+ c\ld h made x a  
*e]ful place ( resid5ce4  ,!re 0 no     
wat]-supply t ,i c\ld discov]1 unless   
half a doz5 butts t took ! dripp+s ( !  
ro( repres5t$ x4 ,! or*>d _h long ago   
gone back to b>b>ism4  ,x appe>$ t !    
place _h be5 des]t$ = half a doz5 ye>s4 

,i did n wond]4  ,! only wond] 0 t x _h 
ev] be5 inhabit$4  ',ah1' repeat$ my    
driv]1 '!re's a-_m z comes an' looks1   
an' !y all be uncommon glad to get away 
ag54'  ,i subscrib$ to ! common s5tim5t4
  ,nev] did t inf9ite diapason :i* we   
call ! ro> ( ,london s\nd s sweet1 nev] 
did ^? long1 light$1 busy /reets seem s 
habitable1 z on t night :5 ,i return$ f 
my casual inspection ( ,dawes' f>m4  ,! 
memory ( ,dawes' f>m taught me t if ,i 0
 to live 9 ! c\ntry "s *>m ( outlook 0  
indisp5sable to my cont5t4 ,m\nta9s1 a  
lake1 a wood1 a runn+ riv]--"s delicate 
effect ( sc5]y1 "s conc\rse ( elem5ts1  
ei!r 9 !mselves or 9 _! comb9ation      
beautiful--^! ,i mu/ h if ,i w\ld be    
happy4  ,!y 7 z necess>y to me z my     
daily bread4  ,b "h ,i made a second    
disquiet+ discov]y2 !re 0 n a "p (      
,engl& :i* c\ld be ju/ly describ$ z     
beautiful t 0 n already occupi$ 9 !     
degree ( its accessibility4  ,i ?\ght ( 
,surrey2 ,i visit$ x & f\nd myself 9 a  
sup]ior ,cockney ,p>adise4  ,half a doz5

 m5 ( g5ius _h 9 an inadv]t5t mom5t     
adv]tis$ ! pure air ( ! ,surrey highl&s1
 & by ! "t ,i came ^u ! sc5e trim villas
 _h sprung up by hundr$s1 & weal? 0     
already 9 possession4  ,! m]e/ cottage 9
 ?is fav\r$ di/rict provok$ ke5 conte/ 9
 ! auction-room4  ,inde$1 9 ! true s5se1
 !re 7 no cottages2 !y _h be5 trans=m$1 
add$ to1 rebuilt1 till only a remnant ( 
_! primitive ru/icity rema9$4  ,x 0 !   
same ev]y:]e4  ,i 0 too late by tw5ty   
ye>s 9 ?is k9d ( que/4  ,i _h be5 l$ to 
believe by v>i\s social writ]s t !      
villages ( ,engl& 7 depopulat$4         
,accord+ to ^! fallaci\s *ronicl]s !    
c\ntry ab\nd$ 9 cottages & ev5 small    
manor-h\ses f :i* ! inhabitants _h fl$4 
,i c only say ,i nev] f\nd x s4  ,a     
des]t$ roadside cottage ,i (t5 f\nd1 b  
!re 7 obvi\s reasons = its desolation4  
,sometimes x 0 s f> f o!r h\ses1 or any 
c5tre ( congregat$ life1 t x mu/ h be5  
difficult1 & almo/ impossible1 = any "o 
resid+ 9 x to obta9 ! common necess>ies 
( life4  ,m commonly x 0 des]t$ because 

x 0 fall+ into ru94  ,b no soon] did ,i 
rea* a real village ?an ,i f\nd e h\se 9
 occupation4  ,! usual compla9t 0 lack (
 accommodation4  ,h5ce r5ts 7 by no     
means l[1 & ! conte/ = h\ses 0 vehem5t4 
,if ! village _h real beauties ( its    
own--a clu/] ( ?at*$ & dorm]-w9d[$      
cottages1 prop]ties valuable to !       
arti/--"o 0 sure to come ^u imm$iate    
evid5ce ( ! cockney invasion4  ,:at ,i  
?\ght a b>n w\ld z l z n prove a /udio1 
& x 0 no f>m] :o liv$ at ! pleasant1    
yell[-wa%$ f>mh\se amid ! rose-g>d51 b  
'a g5tleman f ,london4'  ,& we _h b to g
 a little way d[n "s %ady lane to f9d a 
gl>+ bo>d ann\nc+ build+ l& = lease1 & f
 "s local ag5t "o obta9$ p>ticul>s ( !  
exact k9d ( h\se :i* ! inve/or w\ld be  
p]mitt$ to build ^u ! site4  ,x w be    
said t ?is 0 n ! c\ntry prop]1 nor 0 x1 
= ,london has annex$ e place )9 fifty   
miles ( ,*>+ ,cross4 ,b 9 ! c\ntry prop]
 a new difficulty met me3 n only 7 !re  
no empty cottages1 b l&[n]s /uck to _!  
acres ) su* jeal\s ob/9acy t !y refus$  

to sell a rood ( l& = a cottage on any  
t]ms :atev]4  ,i w give "o example1 :i* 
may be tak5 z typical4  ,!re 0 a ,wel%  
valley :]e ,i _h once sp5t a summ]      
holiday1 exquisitely retir$ &           
beautiful--a doz5 miles f ! ne>e/       
railway4  ,beyond ! gre5 /ra?1 ) its few
 :ite cottages & f>ms1 rose on e side ! 
wide hills1 ) ,sn[don t[]+ ov] all l a  
dome4   ,! hillside l& _h b a prairie   
value4  ,x _h nev] be5 cultivat$4  ,a   
few %eep /ray$ ov] x2 b = mon?s toge!r  
no human foot trod its hea!r1 or w&]$ by
 its vocif]\s cascades4  ,"o w\ld h     
suppos$ t _h any "o (f]$ to build a h\se
 on ^! solit>y hillsides1 ! own] ( ! l& 
w\ld h be5 only too glad to h fo/]$ a   
folly t w\ld h prov$ remun]ative to     
himself4  ,on ! contr>y1 ! two great    
l&[n]s ( ! di/rict /uck to e in* ( soil 
z if x _h be5 s[n ) gold4  ,! l& 0 q    
useless1 z ,i h said4  ,x might h be5   
wor? ?ree p\nds an acre--yet !y refus$  
fifty4 ,!y w\ld n ev5 let on lease4     
,nor c\ld x be pret5d$ t ! sc5]y w\ld h 

lo/ any elem5t ( its *>m by a cottage t 
w\ld h be5 sc>cely obs]v$ on ^? va/     
slopes ( ,sn[don4 ,jeal\s ob/9acy1 !    
desire to keep intact _! own1 ! desire  
to keep out all intrud]s--?is 0 ! temp] 
( ! l&[n]s4  ,!y did all !y c\ld to     
h>ass _! exi/+ t5ants4  ,a t5ant ^:     
family _h increas$ s t 8 cottage 0 z    
ov]cr[d$ z a t5em5t 9 ,spitalfields1 _h 
to plead long be=e he 0 all[$ to add a  
c\ple ( rooms to 8 cottage1 ev5 :5 he   
did s at 8 own exp5se4  ,(t5 en\gh he 0 
refus$ s h>%ly1 t he 0 con/ra9$ to seek 
a h\se 9 "s o!r di/rict4  ,yet1 9 all t 
valley1 :i* 0 five miles long by two 9  
bread?1 !re 7 n two hundr$ h\ses2 & !re 
rose ar\nd !m ! unpopulat$ hillside1 :]e
 a ho/ ( p might h liv$ 9 heal?1 & :]e1 
inde$1 m5 _h once liv$1 z 0 witness$ by 
! ro(less gables :i* "h & !re rose among
 ! hea!r4  ,x seems to me t 9 ?is /ate (
 ?+s !re is a mon/r\s inju/ice4  ,!re is
 no law to compel ^! g5tlem5 to sell l&1
 & !re is no public s5tim5t t c affect  
!m4  ,!y are ! complete despots ( !     

c\ntryside4  ,if a man does n l _!      
dom9ation1 he leaves ! di/rict2 he kn[s 
t x is va9 to resi/ x4  ,9 ?is way _m   
rural di/ricts are depopulat$1 or kept  
"u-populat$1 simply to gratify ! selfi% 
temp] ( a great proprietor4  ,x is n z  
?\gh he liv$ 9 ! di/rict1 & wi%$ to keep
 its beauties secret to himself2 (t5    
en\gh he visits x s r>ely t 8 face is n 
kn[n among 8 t5ants4  ,no2 b he mu/ h   
ev]y?+ to himself2 he mu/ r\nd (f 8     
e/ate2 he mu/ look f 8 p>k on no?+ :i*  
is n 82 = y\r rural ,ahab c\ld n sleep )
 a ,nabo?'s little v9ey>d ev5 a mile    
away4  ,x is useless to tell him t ! l& 
y want is wa/e natural l&1 on :i* y     
propose to conf] value2 he pref]s t x   
%all be valueless1 r ?an t x %all be    
y\rs4  ,be=e population c be            
re-di/ribut$ to ! advantage ( t[n &     
c\ntry alike1 ?is difficulty mu/ be     
ov]come4  ,x c only be ov]come by dra/ic
 legislation4  ,compulsory pur*ase1     
regulat$ by an equitable l& c\rt1 is !  
only rem$y2 & x is h>d t ,iri%m5 %\ld h1

 & grumble ov]1 privileges :i* _!       
,engli% bre?r5 w\ld receive ) op5 arms4 
,su* 7 "s ( ! discov]ies :i* ,i made :5 
,i came to ! real bus9ess ( f9d+ a      
humble c\ntry resid5ce4  ,9 my ignorance
 & inexp]i5ce x _h seem$ ! easie/ ?+ 9 !
 _w4  ,aft] a =tnight ( exp]im5t ,i     
began to ?9k x 0 ! h>de/4     ,,*apt]   
,,vii  ,i ,,f9d ,,my ,,cottage  ,9 !    
meantime a circum/ance _h occurr$ :i* 0 
( great importance to me4  ,"s ent]pris+
 spirits _h />t$ a new weekly local     
pap]1 &--mirabile dictu--!y actually    
contemplat$ a lit]>y page6  ,) a fai? 9 
suburban culture1 s unprec$5t$ z to be  
almo/ sublime1 ^! d>+ adv5tur]s propos$ 
giv+ _! read]s reviews ( books1 lit]>y  
gossip1 & g5]al in=mation ab\t ! do+s ( 
em95t writ]s4  ,!y (f]$ ! "w to me at ! 
mode/ honor>ium ( two p\nds a week1 & 7 
will+ to give me a ?ree ye>s' agreem5t4 
,!y 7 frank en\gh to ackn[l$ge t _!     
j\rnal 0 likely to die ( 'sup]iority to 
its public1' long be=e ! ?ree ye>s 7    
ov]2 b1 b>r+ ?is disa/]1 !y gave me     

assurance ( regul> employm5t4  ,?is 0 ! 
v ?+ = me4 ,"o c\ld write ab\t books    
any:]e4  ,i ?ankfully clos$ ) ! (f] &   
began to /udy ! ha'-p5ny ev5+ pap]s )   
assiduity1 9 ord] to le>n ! craft (     
manufactur+ biographies ( liv+ au?ors4  
,! greate/ ( all que/ions 0 ?us settl$3 
,i %\ld n />ve4 ,b ! "q ( a local       
habitation rema9$ z difficult z ev]4 ,i 
w5t ^u wild-goose *ases innum]able2 0 ! 
victim ( e k9d ( *ance h9t2 ga!r$       
fallaci\s in=mation f g>rul\s ?ird-class
 pass5g]s on _m railways2 confid$ my    
case to c>t]s & rural po/m51 :o play$ ^u
 my innoc5ce ) g5ial malice2 /ay$ s long
 at village public-h\ses )\t visible    
motive t ,i incurr$ ! suspicion ( !     
local con/abul>y1 & on "o memorable     
occasion f\nd myself id5tifi$ ) a long  
wat*$-= robb] ( local h5-roo/s4  ,:5 ,i 
dropp$ ^u "s qua9t village t1 f a       
pictorial po9t ( view1 seem$ to (f] all 
t ,i desir$1 ,i f\nd my tale1 t ,i wi%$ 
to settle 9 x1 univ]sally d]id$4  ,no "o
 c\ld conceive any sane p]son z be+     

desir\s ( liv+ 9 a village2 ! design    
seem$ :olly unacc\ntable to p :o        
!mselves w\ld h be5 only too glad to    
live 9 t[ns4  ,t ,i came f ,london 0    
aga9/ me1 ,x seem$ to ^! village        
,daniels b>ely possible t ,i 0 hone/1 & 
q c]ta9 t ,i cloak$ "s base designs "u  
an innoc5t inquiry = empty cottages4 ,! 
little black bag 9 :i* ,i c>ri$ my lun* 
on ^! excursions 0 ! object (           
extraord9>y hypo!ses4  ,at "o "t ,i 0   
believ$ to be sell+ tracts1 at ano!r "t1
 tea2 once ,i 0 suspect$ ( be+ an       
it9]ant an>*i/1 do+ a brisk bus9ess 9   
inf]nal ma*9es4  ,l&ladies1 :o _h lavi%$
 smiles ^u me :5 !y suppos$ me an ord9>y
 p$e/rian 9 se>* ( ! picturesque1 gave  
me ! cold %\ld] :5 ,i began to expla9 my
 g5u9e int5tions4 ,!y sometimes treat$  
me ) su* a mixture ( av]sion & al>m t x 
0 pla9 !y d\bt$ n only my s9c]ity b my  
sanity4 ,! travell+ arti/ !y knew1 !    
p$l>1 ! insurance ag5t1 & ! cockney     
beanfea/]2 b ! /rang] :o desir$ p]man5t 
neighb\r%ip ) !m !y knew n2 him !y      

treat$ z a lunatic at l>ge4  ,if ! pap]s
 _h *anc$ to be full at ?is "t ( ! do+s 
( "s flagrant murd]] fly+ f ju/ice1 :i* 
=tunately = me !y 7 n1 ,i h little d\bt 
t ^! amiable villag]s w\ld h deliv]$ me 
up to ! police )\t scruple1 & h *uckl$  
ov] _! sagacity4  ,! ?+ 0 amus+ en\gh1 &
 yet x _h a c]ta9 s]i\s significance4   
,x 0 a /rik+ illu/ration ( ! way 9 :i* !
 gr[? ( cities _h p]v]t$ ev5 ! rural    
m9d4  ,i _h ?\ghts ( writ+ an article on
 ,! ,reluctant ,villag]s1 & a v good    
article ,i c\ld h made ( x2 = ,i f\nd   
h>dly any "o :o 0 a villag] by *oice4   
,a village might appe> fair z ,p>adise  
to ! casual eye2 b clos] inspection     
always reveal$ ! s]p5t ( discont5t among
 ! fl[]s4  ,:]e e outw>d object brea!d (
 re/1 !re 0 univ]sal re/lessness among !
 p4  ,! common ambition ( all ! y\ng]   
g5]ation 0 to get to ,london by almo/   
any means1 & 9 almo/ any capacity4  ,!re
 0 n a h\sehold t _h n *ildr5 or        
relatives 9 ,london4  ,! "y pl\ghman w5t
 to ,london z a c>t] or o/l]2 ! milkmaid

 z a s]vant4  ,! village c>p5t] 0       
inv>iably a middle-ag$ or an old man1   
secretly despis$ by 8 appr5tice1 if he  
_h "o1 = 8 cont5tm5t ) 8 lot4 ,"o saw v 
few "y p 9 ! village /reet1 except m]e  
*ildr54  ,! univ]sal compla9t 0 t life 0
 dull4  ,!re 7 no libr>ies or           
read+-rooms2 no conc]ts or ent]ta9m5ts2 
ev5 ! innocu\s p5ny-read+ _h di$ out4   
,nor 7 !re cricket clubs1 or any        
organis$ sy/em ( sport1 except 9 isolat$
 cases4  ,"h & !re a mod]n-m9d$ cl]gyman
 _h recognis$ ! ne$ ( recreation 9 8    
p>i%ion]s1 & _h done some?+ to provide =
 x2 b he 0 an exception4  ,h5ce x happ5$
 t ! public-h\se 0 ! common c5tre ( !   
village life3 x 0 ! poor man's club1 & x
 0 us$ less = purposes ( social         
int]c\rse ?an = ! discuss+ ( rac+ odds4 
,arti/s h (t5 pa9t$ village politicians 
9 e>ne/ confabulation 9 an oak-pannell$ 
inn-p>l\r4  ,i c only say t1 s f> z my  
exp]i5ce w5t1 ,i f\nd ! village         
politician q ext9ct4  ,! sort ( talk ,i 
he>d 9 village b>-rooms 0 inane &       

contemptible to ! la/ degree1 & x nev]  
once t\*$ on politics4  ,nor1 z a rule1 
0 !re any trace ( t leav5 ( sup]ior     
intellig5ce :i* comes f a fusion ( !    
classes4  ,all ! l&lords 7 practically  
non-resid5t4  ,!y knew no?+ ( _! t5ants2
 & t pleasant int]c\rse betwe5 hall &   
cottage :i* poets & noveli/s depict1    
r>ely happ5$4  ,once a ye>1 p]haps1 & = 
a few weeks only1 ! bl9ds ( ! ,hall     
w9d[s 7 drawn up2 c>riages roll$ ?r\gh !
 p>k gates2 "y ladies1 bright 9 ,bond   
,/reet toilets1 fla%$ l deities ^u !    
village /reet2 my ,lady ,b\ntiful left a
 qu>t] ( a p\nd ( tea at half a doz5    
cottages2 & !n ! :ole vision fad$ l an  
unsub/antial pageant4  ,! bl9ds 7 drawn 
d[n aga91 ! lodge-keep] w5t to sleep1 & 
! monotonies ( life subm]g$ ev]y?+ l a  
wave4  ,! cl]gyman alone rema9$ z !     
symbol ( a full] life1 sometimes do+ 8  
duty ) intellig5ce1 sometimes n2 b !    
case 0 r>e :]e any def9ite attempt 0    
made to uplift ! village community by ! 
infusion ( any intellectual int]e/1 any 

s5se ( ,art1 or any c>e = hone/ sport4  
,& "h lies ! :ole secret ( ! discont5t (
 villages2 _! inhabitants are consci\s (
 unju/ deprivations 9 _! lot2 & if !y   
rema9 villag]s1 x is r f le?>gy ?an     
love4  ,7 ,i to describe all ! places ,i
 visit$ 9 se>* ( a habitation1 my li/   
w\ld be int]m9able4  ,i h giv5 "o       
example 9 ,dawes' ,f>m2 let me give "o  
o!r1 z illu/rat+ ano!r k9d ( difficulty 
9 my que/4  ,on an exquisite morn+ 9    
,june ,i f\nd myself climb+ ! long *alk 
hills t lie nor?w>d ( ! ,?ames valley4  
,at e /ep ! air became m pure & sp>kl+2 
& :ile 9 ! hazy l[l&s n a leaf /irr$1 "h
 a brisk & gu/y breeze 0 bl[+4  ,! road 
ran ?r\gh high *alk banks1 l a railway  
cutt+1 & ,i h s9ce f\nd t ,roman soldi]s
 us$ x 9 ! days ( ,caes>4  ,at ! height 
( ?ree hundr$ feet au!ntic =e/ sc5]y    
began4  ,"h ! elms ceas$1 & enorm\s     
woods ( bee* took _! place4  ,! turf 0 (
 ! gre5e/1 ! solitude int5se1 ! air     
exhil>at+2 & nev] _h ,i s admir$ !      
lace-l delicacy ( foliage :i* di/+ui%es 

! bee*1 = nev] _h ,i se5 x 9 su* mass or
 su* p]fection4  ,! h\se ,i s\ght /ood  
at fully eight hundr$ feet above        
sea-level1 on a c>pet ( s(t turf1 r\nd  
:i* ! =e/ rose l a wall4  ,nev] did     
place look s sweetly habitable2 x 0 a   
k9d ( gre5 h]mitage 9 ! woods1          
inimitably quiet1 w>m$ by cle>e/        
sunlight1 cool$ by fre%e/ w9ds4  ,"h1   
said ,i1 at la/ is my mu* s\ght ,el     
,dorado2 nor did ! cottage1 :5 ,i came  
to x1 belie my hopes4  ,x 0 a true      
woodl& cottage1 an intimate "p & p>cel (
 ! sc5]y4  ,x _h be5 rec5tly inhabit$ by
 a man ( lett]s1 a poet & a dream]2 & a 
fitt] spot to dream 9 eye nev] re/$ on4 
,my en?usiasm rose z ,i drew ne>] to x1 
,!re 0 a w>m1 homely compactness ab\t x1
 z ( a ne/ among ! trees4  ,! =e/ turf  
came to ! v gate2 a "y or*>d ( five     
hundr$ trees lay to ! s\?w>d ( ! h\se1 a
 gre5 paddock to ! nor?w>d2 &1 z my     
adv]tisem5t in=m$ me1 ! entire price (  
?is eligible freehold prop]ty 0 five    
hundr$ p\nds6  ,:y1 !n1 0 its possessor 

s eag] to be quit ( x8  ,i walk$ r\nd ! 
h\se1 w5t ?r\gh its rooms1 took ! view f
 v>i\s w9d[s1 already treat+ x z m9e1 & 
x 0 long be=e ,i came ^u ! cause4  ,t   
cause 0 n its remot5ess or its solitude2
 x 0 lack ( wat]4  ,!re 0 no well1 & to 
h sunk a well w\ld h be5 co/ly4  ,! only
 wat]-supply 0 ! ra9-wat] f ! ro(s4  ,m5
 c laugh at a good _m deprivations1 b   
deprivation ( wat] is a s]i\s bus9ess4  
,i f\nd ^u inquiry t ! ne>e/ spr+ 0 two 
miles away4  ,9 "t ( dr\ght--& 9 ?is    
high di/rict summ] dr\ght 0 normal--x 0 
?is or no?+4  ,wat] 0 !n sold by !      
bucket1 nor 0 x easy to f9d any "o to   
fet* & c>ry = y4  ,i _h no m9d to       
condemn myself to dr9k ! dropp+s ( a ro(
 = life1 nor to p]=m my ablutions by !  
aid ( a teacup & a sauc]4  ,! place1 =  
all its beauty1 0 pla9ly un9habitable z 
! ,sah>a4  ,a camel might h liv$ !re )  
cont5t2 x 0 no place = a family us$ to !
 delights ( tubb+4  ,i _h rem>k$ 9 !    
own] ( ! h\se a c]ta9 elem5t>y lack (   
l952 ! cause 0 n[ expla9$4  ,i ?9k 8    

only me?od ( atta9+ cleanl9ess mu/ h be5
 by :at is call$ '! dry air process4'   
,?is adv5ture lives 9 my memory1 n only 
because x _h delightful elem5ts1 b      
because x 0 ! la/ ( a long s]ies1 :i*   
might h be5 call$ m tru?fully           
misadv5tures4  ,= an exhil>at+ mon? ,i  
sc\r$ ! neighb\rhood ( ,london1 liv+ 9 a
 happy fev] ( ent]prise & hope1 b )\t   
result4  ,july came1 & my problem 0 /ill
 unsolv$4   ,i _h already giv5 notice to
 t]m9ate ! t5ancy ( my h\se 9 ,london1 &
 !re seem$ a fair prospect t ,septemb]  
w\ld f9d me homeless4  ,at my pres5t    
height ( good spirits ,i _c say t ev5   
?is prospect dismay$ me4  ,if ! wor/    
came to ! wor/ ,i meant to take to !    
road 9 "o ( ^? conv5i5t vans mu* us$ by 
travell+ hawk]s4  ,i _h long envi$ !    
extraord9>y snugness ( ^? it9]ant       
habitations2 to be a ,dr4 ,m>igold seem$
 ! happie/ ( fates2 r5t free1 & f9ally  
deliv]$ f tax-collectors & _! tribe1 ,i 
might yet roam ! _w z a sup]ior k9d (   
vagrant4  ,i knew inde$ a "y fri5d ( m9e

 :o _h adopt$ ?is v life4  ,he sold     
tracts & ,bibles ^u village gre5s1 & ,i 
promise y no mansion _h a w>m] gl[ (    
com=t ?an ! int]ior ( 8 yell[ van :5 !  
lamp 0 lit at night = supp]4 ,he has    
s9ce f\nd 8 way to a lonely mission>y   
/ation 9 ,p]u2 b he has (t5 told me t he
 0 nev] happi] ?an :5 he play$ ! "p (   
pi\s gipsy on ! village gre5s ( ,engl&4 
,at a p9* ,i ?\ght t ,i c\ld d :at he _h
 done2 x 0 a romantic trade1 & a new    
,lav5gro might be writt5 on x4  ,b      
:atev] dreams ( p]man5t & d$icat$       
vagrancy ,i might ent]ta91 manife/ly my 
fir/ duty 0 to f9d a cottage if ,i c\ld4
 ,at la/1 & almo/ by accid5t1 ,i came on
 :at ,i want$4  ,i _h gone to ! ,lake   
,di/rict 9 ! mon? ( ,augu/1 & "o day ,i 
/ruck into a lonely road to ! nor?-we/ (
 ,butt]m]e4  ,half an h\r's walk br\ght 
me to a t9y hamlet beside a ru%+ /ream1 
& "h1 = ! fir/ "t 9 all my w&]+s1 ,i    
f\nd a g5u9e des]t$ cottage4 ,to speak  
by ! book !re 7 two cottages exactly    
simil>1 cov]$ by a s+le ro(4  ,!y /ood  

^u a g5tle slope2 a gr\p ( p9es =m$ a   
%elt] f ! nor?1 ! moorl& rose beh9d !m1 
& ! riv] sang ?r\gh a contigu\s gl54    
,my fir/ glance told me t !y _h n long  
be5 out ( occupation4  ,!y %[$ no m>ks (
 dilapidation1 & ! little g>d5s1 ?\gh   
we$-gr[n1 gave signs ( rec5t c>e4  ,a   
woman :om ,i met told me _! hi/ory4  ,!y
 _h long be5 inhabit$ by two families1  
fa!r & son4  ,a few mon?s previ\sly ^!  
families _h sail$ = ,canada4  ,no "o _h 
appli$ = ! cottages1 = 9 t "p "w 0      
sc>ce1 & ! f\ndries & %ipy>ds on ! coa/ 
drew away ! y\ng] population4  ,! r5t--x
 seem$ incr$ible--0 two %ill+s a week4  
,! woman yield$ to :at %e ?\ght my idle 
curiosity1 & br\ght me ! keys4 ,ea*     
cottage conta9$ f\r rooms1 & ! two c\ld 
easily be ?r[n into "o4  ,!y 7 dry &    
wat]-tight1 ! walls :itewa%$ & clean1 ! 
woodwork s\nd & well c>$ =4  ,i sat d[n 
^u ! sun-w>m$ bank beside ! gate &      
?\ght4  ,"h 0 solitude inde$2 a doz5    
neighb\rs 9 all1 simple lab\r+ folk3    
,! sil5ce t is 9 ! />ry sky1   ,! sleep 

t is among ! lonely hills4   ,"h1 too1 0
 beauty 9 excess2 a gl5 untrodd5 by !   
feet ( t\ri/s1 moorl& & p9e-wood1 a     
/ream t lift$ up a *e]ful voice1 hills &
 m\nta9s ( delightful =m & col\r1 & n f>
 away ! silv] gleam ( lakes4  ,9 all    
ext]nal features x 0 my dream come true1
 & ! deep-bosom$ woman at my side1 ) h] 
face ( rosy1 placid heal?1 0 h]self !   
pro( ( h[ lightly ! w+s ( "t pass$ ov]  
?is haunt ( anci5t peace4  ,i suppose t 
no "o ev] approa*es ! realisation ( 8   
hopes )\t a k9d ( fe>4  ,9 ^? imag9>y   
dramas :i* we inv5t & rehe>se p]petually
 9 ! sil5t !atre ( our own m9ds1 we     
always take c>e t we get ! be/ ( !      
situation & ! dialogue4  ,! dramas (    
real life are apt to end diff]5tly4  ,! 
covet$ occasion f9ds u incapable2 a     
baffl+ scepticism ( our own p[]s leaves 
u impot5t2 ! "p t ran s easily1 ) su*   
unanim\s applause1 :5 we 7 bo? !        
dramati/ & ! actor1 sudd5ly bri/les ) a 
hundr$ unsuspect$ difficulties4  ,= !   
fir/ "t1 z ,i sat on t sunny bank1 ,i   

began to ask myself :e!r ,i c\ld really 
play ! "p ,i _h s long desir$ to play4  
,c\ld ,i reconcile myself to seclusion s
 entire8  ,w\ld n ?is weight ( utt]     
sil5ce gr[ heavi] ?an ,i c\ld be>8  ,x 0
 n always ,june1 ,i told myself1 & !re 7
 days ( la%+ ra91 grey skies1 &         
'dea?-dumb autumn dripp+' fog to ?9k (4 
,! vision ( light$ /reets & bu/l+ cr[ds1
 ! w>m contiguity ( numb]s1 ! long l9es 
( w9d[s all agl[ at ev5+1 ! g5ial /ir & 
tumult ( congregat$ life1 took ma/]ful  
possession ( my m9d4  ,c\ld ,i be> to   
rel9qui% ! famili> sc5e8 ,a ?\s& ?reads 
( use & habit b\nd me to x1 ea* 9 itself
 z light z gossam]1 b ! :ole t\gh z     
cords ( /eel4  ,i =esaw t ,i _h         
und]e/imat$ ! ease ( my deliv]ance4   ,x
 w\ld require a /r5g? ( consi/5t        
resolution ( :i* p]haps ,i 0 n capable4 
,x 0 b too likely t ,i %\ld be "o ( ^?  
:o put _! h& to ! pl\gh & look back1 a  
reluctant recruit ( a cause t won my    
fai?1 b c\ld n w9 my w4  ,?is w\ld be n 
only fatal to my peace1 x w\ld make me  

despicable 9 my own eyes1 :i* is ! wor/ 
( all calamities t man c suff]4  ,su* a 
di/ress ( m9d 0 natural2 yet ,i ?9k t   
beh9d x all my ?\ght 0 firm & cle>4     
,:at ,i _h propos$ to d = tw5ty ye>s ,i 
mu/ d1 or attempt to d1 if ,i w\ld reta9
 my self-respect4  ,i might become      
despicable to myself by failure 9 my    
task1 b ,i %\ld be mu* m despicable by  
nev] try+ to accompli% x4  ,9 t half-h\r
 ( m$itation ! die 0 ca/4  ,i _h come to
 my pr$e/9$ battlefield4  ,i mu/ "h be  
triumphant or defeat$2 9 any case ,i mu/
 attempt ! conflict4  ,! decision       
re/or$1 z by a /roke ( magic1 all my    
good spirits4  ,i exam9$ my two cottages
 aga9 ) an eye less critical1 m k9dly1 m
 urbane4  ,i saw ) h[ few t\*es !y c\ld 
be trans=m$ into a habitation suit$ to  
my ne$s4  ,) ! two ma9 rooms ?r[n into  
"o ,i %\ld h a spaci\s liv+-room2 ! two 
g>d5s w\ld compose an admirable lawn2   
roses %\ld gr[ aga9/ ! walls1 w>m-hu$   
creep]s frame ! upp] w9d[s2 x %\ld      
become a lodge 9 ,ed54 ,!n !re 0 ! air1 

! view1 ! company ( ! sil5t m\nta9s & ! 
s++ /ream4  ,"h 0 my !atre1 my or*e/ra1 
my conc]t-room4  ,! woman :o 0 my guide 
took me into h] own cottage = a cup (   
tea1 & ,i 0 /ruck ) its homely air (    
com=t4  ,an oak dress]1 cov]$ ) blue w>e
 su* z is common 9 ^! p>ts1 fill$ "o    
wall2 an oak *e/ ( draw]s ano!r2 !re 0 a
 broad-seat$ oak settle by ! fire2 all  
solid1 ( a good design1 & poli%$ to a   
deep br[n by use & indu/ry4  ,! floor 0 
r$ brick2 fl[]s l9$ ! w9d[s2 & ev]y?+ 0 
clean z h&s c\ld make x4  ,i saw my h\se
 furni%$ on ! same plan1 & x pleas$ me4 
,a recollection cross$ my m9d1 curi\s & 
mo/ fanta/ic at su* a "t1 ( a c]ta9 room
 9 "o ( ! %[-h\ses 9 ,london1 furni%$   
entirely 9 ! ,fr5* /yle4  ,i recall$ !  
console tables ( old gilt1 ! brocad$    
c\*1 & ! gild$ *airs :i* no "o d>$ to   
sit ^u2 & ,i confess t ,i pref]r$ ?is   
habitable cottage-room4 ,!re 0 some?+   
satisfy+ 9 its pla9ness2 a s5se ( some?+
 hone/ & intimately "r2 a sugge/ion (   
solid wor? & homely ease4  ,my spirits  

_h already be5 re/or$ by my decision2 !y
 7 n[ invigorat$ to ! po9t ( joy1 = ,i  
saw ! concrete emblems1 z x 71 ( !      
beauty :i* is f\nd 9 true simplicity4   
,! next day ,i return$ to ! spot        
accompani$ by my wife & my two boys4    
,we made a new & elaborate inspection ( 
! two cottages4  ,9 ! aft]noon ! l&lord1
 a neighb\r+ f>m]1 met u4  ,he 0 a      
dales-man born & br$1 %rewd1 mu* giv5 to
 sil5ce1 b ) a pl5itude ( g5ial good    
s5se4  ,he began by be+ some:at         
suspici\s ( u aft] ! usual c\ntry       
fa%ion4  ,:5 he at la/ und]/ood !       
s9c]ity & novelty ( our int5tions1 he   
treat$ u ) a k9d ( fa!rly d]ision1 :i*  
_h no h9t ( impolit5ess or imp]t95ce 9  
x4  ',x w na d1 ,i'm ?9k+1' he said1    
sev]al times4  ,:5 he saw u p]si/5t1 & t
 our p]si/5ce grew 9 ! ratio ( 8        
dissuasion1 he said1 j z ?\gh he 7 talk+
 to wayw>d *ildr51 ',well1 a wilful man 
maun h 8 way4  ,z = my bit ( cottages1  
ye're welcome to !m1 an' ,i'll ask no   
r5t till ye've be5 9 !m long en\gh to "k

 y\r own m9ds bett]4  ,!y're ( no wor?  
to me1 an' ,i'll be y\r debtor = liv+ 9 
!m4  ,if ye want to pull !m aboot1 ye'll
 d x at y\r own exp5se1 ,i'm will+4     
,lat] on1 if ye c>e to /ay1 y & me'll   
fix a r5t1 an' ,i gie ye ma ^w x %all na
 be m ?an t5 pund a ye>4  ,i'll help ye 
too if ye'll let me4  ,i c f9d ye a man 
z 'll d all ! little jobs y want done1  
an' glad to d x4  ,z = fi%+1 ! /ream's  
y\rs1 an' ,i w\ld na say b :at ye might 
get "s %oot+ too4  ,b ye'll tire ( x1   
ye'll tire ( x1' he conclud$1 ) a grave 
smile4  ,) t he h&$ u ! keys4  ,he !n   
%ook our h&s ) ! melan*oly air ( a man  
:o says f>ewell to fri5ds emb>k$ ^u a   
p]il\s adv5ture1 & /rode away across !  
hea!r1 /opp+ once to wave 8 h& to u z if
 9 wise dissuasion4  ,s ,mahomet might h
 /ood above ,damascus :5 he said1 ',my  
,p>adise is n !re1' & yet ,damascus 0 a 
,p>adise all ! same4     ,,*apt] ,,viii 
,,buy+ ,,happ9ess  ,we are all *ildr51 &
 9 no?+ s mu* p]haps z 9 ! k9d ( delight
 we take 9 any =m ( build+4  ,!         

ar*itectural ef=ts ( a *ild ) a box (   
bricks or a heap ( s& expla9 ! ,t[] (   
,babel1 ! ,pyramids1 & ! ,gold5 ,h\se ( 
,n]o4  ,h\se-build+ unites ! ideal ) !  
real m ?or\ghly ?an any o!r human       
employm5t4  ,:at c !re be m delightful  
?an to see t :i* y h dream$ gr[ into    
tangible & endur+ =m8  ,no wond] ! ri*  
man builds himself 'a lordly            
pleasure-h\se'2 x is a k9d ( practical  
poetry :i* he c und]/&4  ,7 !re only    
millionaires en\gh to g r\nd all        
ar*itects w\ld be weal?y1 = build+ is a 
k9d ( mat]ial art admirably suit$ to m5 
( mat]ial intellig5ce4  ,! weeks :i*    
foll[$ ! acquisition ( my two des]t$    
cottages 7 ! mo/ delightful ,i h ev]    
sp5t4  ,fir/ ( all1 !re 0 ! "q (        
/ructural alt]ations to be consid]$4  ,9
 my op9ion ! liv+-room ( ! h\se is !    
*ief consid]ation4  ,x %\ld be a room to
 live 91 ! focus ( ! :ole life ( !      
h\sehold4  ,= ?is reason x %\ld be l>ge 
& airy1 cov]+ ! :ole site ( ! h\se z    
ne>ly z possible4  ,"o l>ge room is     

inf9itely to be pref]r$ to two or ?ree  
small rooms2 x is heal?i]1 & mu* m      
*e]ful4  ,space & air are mo/ ne$$ 9 !  
room :i* is mo/ 9 use4  ,x is ( no      
consequ5ce t ! b$rooms %\ld be small2   
"o's active h\rs are n sp5t 9 !m1 & a   
w9d[ left wide op5 summ] & w9t] w       
provide an ample supply ( oxyg5 9 !     
smalle/ *amb]4  ,:at c be m absurd ?an !
 arrangem5t ( a mod]n ,london villa8  ,x
 is usually cut up by p>tition walls    
into a numb] ( small rooms1 n m ?an "o (
 :i* is 9 con/ant use4  ,pret5sion takes
 ! place ( com=t4  ,mrs4 ,grundy mu/ h a
 'draw+-room' or die6  ,x is a k9d (    
holie/ ( holies1 too beautiful = normal 
occupation1 full ( gimcrack *airs t _c  
be sat ^u1 & decorative futilities :i*  
give x ! aspect ( a miscellane\s /all at
 a 'rummage sale4'  ,su* a room is v    
well z a )draw+-room1 its prop] use2 b z
 a room into :i* no "o )draws x is      
absurd4 ,z ,i expect$ to keep no        
company1 & ne$$ no room into :i* to     
)draw1 ,i 0 able to get rid ( ?is       

ap>tm5t4  ,moreov]1 9 a v small h\se1   
common s5se dem&$ t e room %\ld be      
really & ?or\ghly us$4  ,=tunately !    
fireplaces ( my two cottages 7 aga9/ !  
out] or gable ends1 & n aga9/ ! p>tition
 wall1 z is commonly ! case4  ,i _h only
 to remove ?is p>tition wall1 support+ !
 ceil+ by a /rong beam1 & ,i _h a room  
ab\t tw5ty-f\r long by fifte5 9 bread?4 
,at ! back ( ?is room 7 two small       
kit*5s1 only "o ( :i* 0 ne$$4  ,by wid5+
 ! doorway lead+ to "o ( !m to d\ble its
 bread?1 ,i ga9$ ano!r room ab\t t5 feet
 squ>e4  ,?is made my libr>y1 by :i* ,i 
mean n a room 9 :i* ,i ev] sat1 b a room
 entirely devot$ to ! h\s+ ( my books4  
,i _h ! walls entirely l9$ ) books1 mak+
 & /a9+ ! book%elves ) my own h&s4      
,across ! wid5$ doorway f :i* ! door _h 
be5 remov$ hung a w>m curta91 s t x 0 to
 all int5ts & purposes a "p ( my        
liv+-room4  ,i took inf9ite & almo/     
*ildi% delight 9 ! arrangem5t ( ?is     
liv+-room4  ,i _h br\ght n a s+le       
article ( dome/ic furniture ) me f      

,london4  ,su* furniture z ,i _h--*airs1
 tables1 c\*1 sidebo>d1 & s =?--w\ld h  
look$ out ( place 9 ! c\ntry1 & moreov] 
x 0 bett] economy to sell !m4  ,i sold  
!m v well 9 a ,london auction-room1     
gett+ almo/ z mu* z !y co/ me4  ,) !    
money ?us receiv$ 9 my pocket ,i w5t to 
a neighb\r+ m>ket t[n :]e !re happ5$ to 
be a %op t dealt 9 old furniture4  ,=   
less ?an t5 p\nds ,i b\ght an excell5t  
oak5 gate-table1 half a doz5 s]viceable 
oak *airs1 a c\ple ( f9e c>v$ *e/s1 & a 
corn] cupbo>d4  ,my oak dress] & settle1
 ea* good specim5s ( s]viceable cottage 
furniture1 co/ me ?irty-sev5 %ill+s at a
 c\ntry auction4  ,i f\nd t ev5 at ^!   
mode/ prices ,i _h paid too mu*4  ,oak5 
furniture 0 common 9 ^! p>ts1 & _h      
little value4  ,:5 a *ur* 0 re/or$1 or  
an old h\se re-con/ruct$1 l>ge          
quantities ( old oak 7 lit]ally ?r[n    
away4  ,?us1 at a m]ely nom9al exp5se ,i
 acquir$ en\gh c>v$ oak to fit toge!r   
into a h&some fireplace1 & lat] on !    
pews ( a *ur* came 9 = oak panell+4     

,let me n[ picture my liv+-room z x 0   
ab\t f\r mon?s aft] ,i took possession4 
,x 0 entirely oak panell$ to a height ( 
n9e feet1 above :i* ab\t a foot (       
:ite-wa%$ wall %[$1 =m+ a pla9 frieze4  
,! fireplace at "o end ( ! room 0 built 
9 ) c>v$ oak2 :at _h be5 ! correspond+  
fireplace at ! o!r end ( ! room 0 turn$ 
into a cupbo>d1 ) pla9 oak doors4  ,!   
room _h ?ree old-fa%ion$ lead$ w9d[s    
op5+ outw>d4  ,two 7 orig9al1 "o _h be5 
add$--! c5tre w9d[ tak+ ! place ( ! gap 
left by ! de/roy$ p>tition wall4  ,my   
oak *e/s1 dress] & cupbo>d1 con/itut$ ! 
furniture ( ! room4  ,! libr>y1 curta9$ 
(f ) a pla9 curta9 ( crimson plu%1      
adjo9$2 ! kit*5 door op5$ at ! ea/ corn]
 ( ! room4  ,! w9d[s fac$ due s\?4  ,!  
room !re=e 0 always sunny4  ,!          
floor-bo>ds 7 /a9$1 & cov]$ by two or   
?ree *eap rugs4  ,fl[]s 7 at ! w9d[s1 a 
vase ( fl[]s always on ! table4  ,!     
fireplace 0 op51 = ,i _h remov$ ! ugly  
mod]n grate1 sub/itut+ = x a l[ he>? (  
r$ brick ) iron dogs1 on :i* wood c\ld  

be burn$4 ,?is room1 ) ! adjo9+ libr>y1 
0 ! great feature ( my little h\se4  ,! 
o!r rooms 9 ! h\se requir$ no alt]ation2
 fre% :itewa% & wall-pap]s soon trans=m$
 !m2 & al?\gh !y 7 small1 !y 7 n devoid 
( *>m4  ,:5 my s*eme ( adaptation 0     
complete ,i f\nd myself possess$ ( a    
h\se conta9+ "o beautiful liv+-room1 a  
small libr>y1 a kit*51 & f\r good       
b$rooms4  ,my bill = lab\r1 includ+ !   
mason's "w 9 ! removal ( ! p>tition     
wall1 ! build+ ( a new w9d[1 & ! lay+ ( 
a fre% he>?2 ! c>p5t]'s "w 9 fitt+ my   
oak1 & v>i\s m9or repairs1 am\nt$ 9 all 
to ab\t twelve p\nds4  ,! co/ ( my      
furniture1 includ+ ! oak panell+ 9 !    
liv+-room1 & all t 0 ne$$ = ! b$rooms1 0
 ab\t fifty p\nds1 aga9/ :i* ,i _h to   
set ?irty-eight p\nds1 receiv$ f ! sale 
( my sup]flu\s effects 9 ,london4  ,if  
,i add$ to ^! sums ! g5]al exp5ses (    
removal1 ! c>riage & c>tage ( my goods1 
& s =?1 :i* ,i reckon$ at t5 p\nds1 ,i  
f\nd t ! co/ ( my exodus & new t5ancy _h
 be5 z foll[s3--                        

,l4   s4   d4   ,by exp5ses ( removal  4
 4 4 4 4 4  #aj   #j    #j   ,by        
alt]ations & lab\r 4 4 4 4 4  #ab   #j  
#j   ,by co/ ( furniture = liv+-room    
& f\r b$rooms 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4  #ej   #j 
#j                                      
-----------                             
,l#gb   #j    #j   ,aga9/ :i*1 by sale (
 goods 9     ,london  4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 
4 4 4 4  #ch   #j    #j                 
-----------   ,leav+ total outlay ( 4 4 
4 4 4 4 ,l#cd   #j    #j                
-----------   ,i am consci\s t to a     
t[nsman1 accu/om$ to ! wa/efulness (    
t[ns1 "s p>ts ( ?is acc\nt mu/ appe>    
incr$ible4  ,take1 = in/ance1 ! bill =  
lab\r4  ,no "o has ev] liv$ 9 ,london   
)\t hav+ occasion to compla9 ( ! de>ness
 & badness ( lab\r4  ,! *ief object ( ! 
t[n artisan is to d z little "w z       
possible4 ,he is absolutely )\t         
consci5ce 9 8 "w1 & all t he does is    
slov5ly4  ,he surveys a job1 & m$itates 
^u x = an h\r--at y\r exp5se2 beg9s x1 &
 goes away to fet* a tool t he has      

=gott5--! "t ( 8 abs5ce be+ duly *>g$   
aga9/ y2 procra/9ates & dawdles2 sits   
d[n to read ! pap]1 if no "o wat*es him2
 & 9 "o way & ano!r takes q twice z long
 ov] a job z is ne$$1 & !n does x badly4
  ,:5 ,i fir/ became a h\sehold] 9      
,london ,i naturally s5t to "s neighb\r+
 employ] ( lab\r = any little jobs (    
c>p5t]+ & plumb+ t ne$$ to be done4  ,i 
soon _h to rel9qui% ! practice4  ,if a  
new lat* 7 put ^u a w9d[1 ! screws 7    
driv5 into ! old holes1 s t 9 a week !  
lat* 0 (f aga94  ,if ! plumb] effect$ "o
 repair he inv>iably left "s damage t   
made x necess>y to recall him be=e !    
mon? 0 out4  ,!re are h\ses 9 ,london   
:i* mu/ be z good z an annuity to local 
tradesm52 ,i believe ! workm5 are       
in/ruct$ to d _! "w s badly t x is nev] 
really done4  ,i soon f\nd x wise to    
le>n h[ to d repairs = myself2 & x 0 by 
do+ !m myself t ,i discov]$ h[ ,i _h be5
 victimis$ by ! rapacity1 di%one/y1 &   
ineffici5cy ( ! ,briti% workman & 8     
ma/]4  ,b 9 ! c\ntry ?+s are diff]5t4   

,! village workman has hone/ pride 9 8  
reputation1 & 9 8 "w4  ,moreov]1 he c   
turn 8 h& to any?+1 he does n grudge 8  
"t1 & he is n corrupt$ by ! contiguity (
 ! public-h\se4  ,! man :o did my       
masonry "w = me 0 a grey-hair$1 sil5t1  
p]t9aci\s fell[1 ( great practical      
intellig5ce & effici5cy4  ,he did n "w  
rapidly1 b all t he did 0 ?or\ghly done4
  ,! c>p5t] 0 a man ( ! same type4  ,he 
took a g5u9e delight 9 fitt+ my oak to  
its new uses1 & _h ideas ( 8 own1 :i* 7 
(t5 +5i\s1 & always practical4  ,he ev5 
_h a true arti/ic s5se2 uncultivat$ =   
want ( education1 b real4  ,i und]/ood !
 extraord9>y skill ( m$iaeval craftsm5  
?r\gh my association ) ?is man4  ,!     
pieces ( exquisite c>v$ oak :i* f9d _!  
way into museums to-day 7 wr\ght by m5  
su* z he 02 quiet1 ?\ghtful m51 resid+ 9
 villages1 :o develop$ _! arti/ic s5se 9
 solitude4  ,i am q sure t ?is man ?\ght
 a great deal m ( 8 "w ?an ( ! money he 
e>n$ by x4  ,at all ev5ts he *>g$ me    
a/oni%+ly little4  ,he refus$ a         

contract1 evid5tly reg>d+ x z imply+    
suspicions ( 8 hone/y4  ',i'll *>ge ye  
:at's fair1' he said1 '& y & me'll n    
qu>rel z to ! price4'  ,if my bill =    
lab\r 0 s mod]ate t x seems absurd to a 
t[nsman1 x 0 because ,i _h to deal )    
hone/ craftsm51 :o br\ght n only        
effici5cy & h&9ess to _! "w1 b a high   
s5se ( hon\r1 & a real intellig5ce &    
int]e/4  ,x 0 9 ! end ( ,augu/ :5 ,i    
took my h\se2 by ! beg9n+ ( ,decemb] ,i 
_h complet$ my "w ^u x4  ,! g>d5s 9     
front ( ! h\se _h be5 levell$1 & cov]$ )
 ! f9e/ m\nta9 turf4 ,! walls _h be5    
col\r-wa%$ a w>m yell[1 & all !         
w9d[-frames pa9t$ :ite4  ,= ?ree mon?s e
 h\r _h be5 busy1 & n ! lea/ bless+ ( my
 toil 0 t x _h br\ght me a degree (     
physical vig\r su* z ,i _h nev] yet     
enjoy$4  ,h[ diff]5t 7 my s5sations :5  
,i woke 9 ! morn+ n[ f ^? :i* ,i _h kn[n
 9 ,london6  ,9 ,london ! h\r ( ris+ _h 
inv>iably f\nd me languid & reluctant4  
,i woke ) ! s5se ( a load ^u me1 & ,i   
dread$ ! long grey day4  ,i see n[ t ^! 

s5sations 7 n s mu* m5tal z physical4   
,i _h n m5tal buoyancy simply because ,i
 0 defici5t 9 physical vitality4  ,b at 
,?orn?waite ,i woke eag] = ! day4  ,!   
fir/ s\nds t greet$ me ?r\gh ! op5 w9d[ 
7 ! songs ( ! birds1 ! sea-l diapason ( 
! w9d 9 ! elm-trees on ! lawn1 & !      
animat+ song ( ! riv] 9 ! gl54  ,! wea!r
 dur+ ! :ole ( t autumn 0 extraord9>ily 
f9e4  ,aft] a week ( equ9octial /orm 9 !
 end ( ,septemb]1 ! wea!r settl$ into   
exquisite repose4  ,day succe$$ day1    
calm1 bright1 sunny4  ,x 0 z w>m z      
,augu/1 b ) all ! tonic fre%ness (      
autumn4  ,novemb]1 usually a mon? (     
mis]y 9 ,london1 0 "h delightful4  ,!   
ye> di$ sl[ly1 amid ! pomp ( crimson    
leaves & bronz$ brack54  ,= ! fir/ "t ,i
 und]/ood t x is bliss to be alive4  ,l 
! *ild :om ,wordswor? celebrates1 ,i    
felt my life 9 e limb4  ,!re 0 no goad+ 
( dull p[]s to unwelcome tasks2 en]gy   
ran free1 l ! m\nta9-/ream at my door1 &
 ! ze/ ( life 0 /rong 9 me4  ,i nev]    
came d[n/airs into my liv+-room )\t a   

s5se ( new delight4  ,h[ beautiful1 h[  
sweetly habitable x look$ 9 ! morn+     
sun%9e6  ,any "o liv+ 9 a city1 :o      
imm$iately on ris+ ent]s ! room :i* he  
has us$ ov]night1 has notic$ ! peculi>  
/al5ess ( ! atmosph]e4  ,x is n exactly 
a noxi\s atmosph]e2 !re is no palpable  
unpleasant od\r 9 x1 b x is us$ up1 x is
 /ale4  ,he w also notice ! du/ :i* re/s
 on ev]y?+4  ,9 a city ! daily gr9d+ (  
millions ( :eels ov] ?\s&s ( miles (    
roads fills ! air ) an acrid1 almo/     
impalpable p[d]1 :i* f9ds its way ev5   
?r\gh clos$ w9d[s & settles ^u ev]y?+4  
,9 my ,london h\se ,i c\ld n take up a  
book )\t soil$ f+]s4 ,ev5 books :i* 7   
protect$ by glass doors1 & pap]s %ut up 
9 draw]s1 did n escape ?is fil?y p[d]1  
compos$ ( ! f9e-gr\nd du/ & excrem5t ( !
 ,london /reets4  ,if ,i wip$ a picture 
) a :ite silk h&k]*ief1 a black /a9 %[$ 
itself ^u ! h&k]*ief1 & ?is 9 spite ( ! 
mo/ c>eful ef=ts to keep ! h\se clean4  
,i suppose ,london]s get us$ to dirt1 z 
eels are said to get us$ to sk9n+4  ,!y 

sp5d _! "t 9 wa%+ _! h&s1 b ) ! mo/     
transi5t ga9 ( cleanl9ess4  ,no "o kn[s 
h[ fil?y ,london is till he beg9s to    
notice h[ mu* long] w9d[-curta9s1       
h\sehold drap]ies1 & p]sonal l95 keep   
clean 9 ! c\ntry4  ,i %\ld n l to be    
call$ an old maid1 b ,i confess to an   
old-maidi% c>e = cleanl9ess4  ,untid9ess
 9 books or pap]s w\ld n di/ress me1 b  
dirt is a real di/ress2 & if x be       
old-maidi% to fight a cont9ual battle ) 
dirt1 to sc\r & poli% & du/1 cont5t )   
no?+ less ?an immaculate purities (     
poli%$ surface1 !n ,i suppose ,i am an  
old maid1 & ,i c\nt x to myself =       
righte\sness4  ,amid ! _m mis]ies (     
cities1 ?is no d\bt is b a m9or mis]y1 b
 ! relief :i* ,i exp]i5c$ 9 deliv]ance f
 x 0 disproportionately great4  ,!      
purity & fre%ness ( ! atmosph]e1 !      
correspond+ cleanl9ess ( all ,i t\*$ 9 !
 h\se1 7 delightful to me1 & add$ to my 
self-respect4  ,! clean1 aromatic air   
pass$ l a ceaseless lu/ration ?r\gh e   
room ( ! h\se4 ,! v b$-l951 blea*$ 9 !  

op5 air1 _h acquir$ ! fragrance ( m\nta9
 ?yme & lav5d]4  ,i did n ne$ to climb !
 hill to f9d ! p9e-woods2 !y grew r\nd !
 v table :]e ,i ate4  ,f\r walls & a ro(
 gave me %elt]1 yet ,i liv$ 9 ! op5 air 
all ! "t4  ,!n !re 0 also ! sil5ce1 at  
fir/ s /range z to be almo/ oppressive1 
b lat] on sweet] ?an music4  ,x 0 at    
e>ly morn+ & nightfall t ?is sil5ce 0   
mo/ int5se4  ,on a /ill night "o c\ld   
almo/ he> ! e>? move1 & fancy t ! />s   
diffus$ a g5tle crackl+ noise z ( ru%+  
flame4  ,! fall ( an acorn 9 a p9e wood 
/>tl$ ! e> l an explosion4  ,! riv] also
 0 disc]n$ z hav+ a def9ite rhy?m ( its 
own4  ,x ran up & d[n a p]petual scale1 
l a bird s++4  ,:at _h seem$ a heavy    
confus$ s\nd ( fall+ wat] resolv$ itself
 into regul> h>monies1 :i* c\ld h be5   
writt5 d[n 9 musical notation4  ,at     
times !re 0 also 9 ! air ! s5se (       
brea?+4  ,on a d>k night1 /&+ at my     
door1 ,i _h ! s5se ( a great he>t t beat
 9 ! obscurity1 ( a bosom t rose & fell1
 ( a pulse z regul> z a clock4  ,i ?9k t

 ! e> mu/ h recov]$ a f9e s5sitiv5ess1  
normal to x "u normal conditions1 b lo/ 
or dull$ amid ! deaf5+ ro> ( t[ns4  ,x  
is sc>cely an exagg]ation :5 poets speak
 ( he>+ ! grass gr[2 we c\ld he> x1 no  
d\bt1 if ! e> 7 n /unn$ by m viol5t     
s\nds4  ,x is probable t m]e increase ( 
vitality 9 itself is suffici5t to acc\nt
 = ?is new delicacy ( ! physical s5ses4 
,! s5ses adapt !mselves to _!           
environm5t4  ,an example ( ?is is f\nd 9
 ! abs5ce ( :at is call$ long sight     
among city *ildr54  ,hav+ no ext5sive   
horizon con/antly be=e ! eye1 ! p[] (   
disc]n+ di/ant objects gradually decays4
  ,on ! contr>y a *ild br\ght up ^u !   
,african veldt1 :]e he is daily         
confront$ ) almo/ inf9ite di/ances1     
acquires :at seems to be an almo/       
pret]natural %>pness ( vision4  ,x is ! 
same ) he>+4  ,! savage c di/+ui% s\nds 
:i* are entirely inaudible to ! civilis$
 man4 ,! footfall ( 8 enemy1 ! beat ( a 
horse's ho(s1 ! movem5t ( a lion 9 !    
jungle1 are he>d at :at appe> impossible

 di/ances4  ,i d n seek to (f] any      
absolute explanation ( ^! ph5om5a z     
reg>ds myself1 b ,i /ate ! fact t 9     
return+ to a natural life ,i f\nd a     
rem>kable quick5+ ( my physical s5ses4  
,z my eye became accu/om$ to ! wide     
moorl& prospects ,i f\nd myself         
increas+ly able to discrim9ate di/ant   
objects4  ,fl[]s t _h seem$ to me to    
smell pretty mu* alike1 n[ _h di/9ct    
fragrances4 ,i knew :5 ,i woke 9 ! morn+
 f :i* direction ! w9d came1 by its     
od\r2 ! w9d f ! moorl& br\ght ! sc5t (  
hea!r & wild ?yme1 ! w9d f ! gl5 ! sc5t 
( wat]4  ,x 0 ! same ) s\nd4  ,prop]ly  
speak+ !re is no su* ?+ z sil5ce 9      
,nature4  ,! sil5ce1 or :at seems       
sil5ce1 is divisible into a multitude ( 
m9ute s\nds4  ,ev]y?+ 9 ,nature is toil+
 & /ra9+ at its task1 ! sap 9 ! tree1 ! 
rock balanc$ on its b$ ( clay1 !        
grass-blade pu%+ & urg+ its way t[>d !  
sun4 ,& z !re is no real sil5ce1 s !re  
is no real solitude 9 a _w :]e e atom is
 vigor\sly at "w4  ,wordswor?'s         

conception ( ,nature z a ,pres5ce       
becomes at once intelligible :5 we live 
close to ! he>t ( ,nature4  ,_h         
,wordswor? liv$ 9 t[ns 8 poetry c\ld    
nev] h be5 writt51 nor c its c5tral     
conception ( ,nature z a ,pres5ce be    
und]/ood by ! t[nsman4  ,i _h (t5 en\gh 
read ! wond]ful l9es--           ,& ,i h
 felt   ,a pres5ce t di/urbs me ) ! joy 
,( elevat$ ?\ghts3 a s5se sublime   ,(  
some?+ f> m deeply int]fus$1   ,^:      
dwell+ is ! light ( sett+ suns1   ,& !  
r\nd ocean1 & ! liv+ air1   ,& ! blue   
sky1 & 9 ! m9d ( man   ,a motion & a _s1
 t impels   ,all ?9k+ ?+s1 all objects (
 all ?\ght1   ,& rolls ?r\gh all ?+s4   
,b ,i nev] really und]/ood !m till ,i   
liv$ among sc5es simil> to ^? 9 :i* !y 7
 compos$4  ,& ! organ by :i* !y 7       
int]pret$ 0 n ! m9d s mu* z ! s5ses1    
quick5$ & invigorat$ by solitude4  ,i   
pres5t$ a m s5sitive surface to ,nature1
 & ! in/ant result 0 ! p]ception (      
,nature z ( some?+ alive4  ,9 ! sil5ce (
 ! night1 z ,i /ood at my door1 ,i felt 

! palpitation ( a real life ar\nd me2 ! 
s5se1 z ,i h said1 ( a brea?+ movem5t1 (
 pulsation1 ( a beat+ he>t1 & !n ,i knew
 t ,wordswor? wrote ) /rict sci5tific   
accuracy1 & n ) vague my/icism z is     
commonly suppos$1 :5 he describ$ ,nature
 z a liv+ ,pres5ce4  ,! sum ( ^!        
s5sations 0 = me a /ate ( physical      
beatitude4 ,i 0 (t5 rem9d$ ( ! grim     
confession ( ! poor wa/rel1 :o1 :5 ask$ 
:]e he liv$1 repli$1 ',i don't live1 ,i 
l+]4'  ,i _h nev] really liv$2 ,i _h    
l+]$4  ,i _h trodd5 ! pa? ( ! days &    
ye>s ) reluctant feet4  ,n[ e daybreak 0
 a new occasion ( joy to me4  ,i 0      
rejuv5at$ n only 9 m9d1 b 9 ! v core &  
m>r[ ( my body4  ,i _h put myself 9 "r  
relation to ,nature2 ,i _h e/abli%$     
contact1 z electricians w\ld say2 & z a 
consequ5ce all ! electric curr5t (      
,nature fl[$ ?r\gh me1 vitalis+ &       
quick5+ me 9 e n]ve4  ,m5 :o live 9     
cities are b half alive4  ,!y mi/ake    
inf9ite contortion = life4  ,life       
consi/s 9 ! effici5t activity ( e "p (  

u1 ea* "p equally effici5t1 & mov+ 9 a  
p]fect rhy?m4  ,= ! fir/ "t1 s9ce ,i _h 
be5 consci\s ( myself1 ,i realis$ ?is   
entire effici5cy4  ,_m times ,i _h      
covet$ :at is call$ 'rude heal?1' b ,i  
_h be5 l$ to believe t rude heal?       
implies lack ( s5sitiv5ess4  ,i n[ f\nd 
! rev]se to be ! case4  ,p]fect heal? & 
p]fect s5sitiv5ess are ! same ?+4  ,i   
felt1 enjoy$1 & receiv$ s5sations m     
acutely simply because my heal? 0       
p]fect4  ,x may be said t ! s5sations   
af=d$ by su* a life z m9e 7 n ^u a gr&  
scale4  ,!y 7 n to be comp>$ ) ! acute &
 poignant s5sations af=d$--p]haps ,i    
%\ld say inflict$--by a city4  ,i c only
 say !y 7 en\gh = me4  ,all pleasures   
are relative1 & ! simple/ pleasure is   
capable ( af=d+ z great delight z !     
r>e/4  ,! sight ( a fl[] c produce z ke5
 a pleasure z a ,coronation pageant1 & !
 song ( a bird may become to ! s5sitive 
e> z f9e a music z a sonata by ,bee?ov54
  ,may ,i n also say t ! simple/        
pleasures are ! mo/ endur+1 ! commone/  

delights are ! mo/ invigorat+1 ! =m (   
happ9ess :i* is ! mo/ easily available  
is ! be/8  ,! fur!r we /ray f ,nature ! 
h>d] are we to please1 & he kn[s ! true/
 pleasure :o c f9d x 9 ! simple/ =ms4   
,,*apt] ,,ix  ,,h[ ,,we ,,liv$  ,! mo/  
common objection to c\ntry life is :at  
is call$ its dulness4  ,:5 ,i us$ to    
sugge/ to my t[n acqua9tances !         
advantages ( a holiday 9 purely ru/ic   
sc5es1 ,i 0 always met by ! rem>k3 ',oh1
 !re w\ld be no?+ to d !re6'  ,no d\bt  
if a holiday is devot$ to l\ng+1 x is   
mu* m difficult to l\nge at a solit>y   
f>m ?an at "s cr[d$ seaside resort4  ,b 
my holidays 9 ! c\ntry _h nev] be5 ( ?is
 description4  ,i am con/itutionally    
unfitt$ = a l\ng]4  ,i l to h my days   
plann$ out1 & to live !m fully4  ,a     
c\ntry holiday = me _h always meant     
incessant occupation ( "o k9d or ano!r1 
fi%+1 climb+1 boat+1 long cycl+         
excursions1 & an indu/ri\s endeav\r to  
explore all sc5es ( int]e/ )9 a         
reasonable compass4  ,n[ t ,i _h come to

 live 9 ! c\ntry1 ,i felt m ?an ev] !   
ne$ ( incessant occupation1 = ,i fully  
realis$ t ! wor/ enemy ( human happ9ess 
is ennui4  ,dur+ ! fir/ ?ree mon?s1 :ile
 ,i 0 busy 9 gett+ settl$1 !re 0 no     
dang] ( ennui4  ,i 0 con/antly int]e/$1 
& ,i 0 con/antly at "w4  ,i le>n$ h[ to 
d c>p5t]+ & jo9]'s jobs ) a fair        
pr(ici5cy2 ,i dug ne>ly an acre ( l& at 
! back ( my h\se ) my own spade2 made   
pa?s1 & plant$ fruit trees2 all ! turf =
 my lawn ,i laid myself1 ) a few h\rs'  
assi/ance f a f>m-h&2 & !re 0 no night  
:5 ,i did n g to b$ ) a*+ muscles & (t5 
) bruis$ h&s4  ,if my bill = lab\r 0    
absurdly mod]ate1 x 0 p>tly because ,i  
did s mu* myself4  ,= in/ance1 ,i       
employ$ no "o to hang pap]s or to       
:itewa% ceil+s or pa9t woodwork4  ,) !  
will+ help ( my wife & my boys ?is 0    
done ) complete satisfaction4  ,"o      
result ( ^! lab\rs 0 ! pride & love =   
our little home/ead :i* !y creat$4  ,9  
mod]n civilis$ life we get too _m ?+s   
done = u1 & ?is is n m]ely an economical

 b an e?ical mi/ake4  ,x is difficult to
 feel any real pride 9 a home :i* is !  
creation ( o!r p4 ,9 a true /ate (      
civilisation no man w pay ano!r to d :at
 he c d himself4  ,n only does he       
pres]ve 8 indep5d5ce by su* a rule1 b he
 creates a hundr$ new objects ( int]e/ =
 himself4 ,! pap] :i* ,i _h hung ) my   
own lab\r gave me a pleasure :i* a mu*  
f9] pap] hung by paid lab\r c\ld n h    
giv5 me4  ,! lawn :i* ,i _h laid ) my   
own h&s seem$ m intimately m9e ?an if ,i
 _h paid "s "o else to make x4  ,! m ,i 
reflect ^u ! matt] ! m am ,i conv9c$ t  
"o ( ! great curses ( civilisation is ! 
division ( lab\r :i* makes u dep5d5t ^u 
o!r p to a degree :i* de/roys individual
 effici5cy4  ,?r[n back ^u himself z a  
dwell] 9 a wild]ness1 any man ( ord9>y  
capacity soon develops effici5cy = k9ds 
( "w :i* he w\ld nev] h attempt$ 9 a    
city1 simply because a city tempts him  
at e po9t to delegate 8 own prop] toil  
to o!rs4  ,i c conceive ( few ?+s t w\ld
 d m to create a g5u9e pride ( home ?an 

to insi/ t no man %\ld possess a h\se   
except by build+ x = himself1 aft] ! old
 primitive pr9ciple ( ! e>lie/ social   
communities4  ,to build ?us is to mix   
s5tim5t ) ! mort>1 & ! h\se ?us creat$  
is a place to :i* affections & memories 
cl+2 :]eas ! m]e t5ancy ( a cube ( rott5
 bricks1 ?r[n toge!r by ! j]ry-build]--(
 :i* we "k no m ?an ! am\nt ( r5t :i* is
 *>g$ = x--is incapable ( n\ri%+ any    
s5tim5t1 & is1 9 any case1 n a home b a 
lodg+4  ,?is idea is no d\bt *im]ical2 =
 9 a va/ city1 :]e ! great object is to 
escape />vation1 no "o has "t to int]e/ 
himself deeply 9 ! k9d ( h\se he        
occupies1 & /ill less has he !          
opportunity to build a h\se :i* is !    
expression ( 8 own ta/e & lab\r4  ,b 9 !
 c\ntry ! idea is n only practicable1 x 
is urg5t4  ,indep5d5ce is made necess>y 
because !re are few] p on :om we c      
become dep5d5t4  ,i soon f\nd t if ,i   
want$ potatoes & cabbages1 ,i mu/ gr[   
!m2 if a pipe bur/ !re 0 no plumb] to   
m5d x1 ,i mu/ m5d x myself2 & s ?r\gh a 

long range ( occupations1 ) :i* ,i _h _h
 no previ\s acqua9tance4  ,! immortal   
,capta9 ,davis1 ( ! ,sea ,rang]1 rem>ks 
to ! incompet5t l&sman ,h]rick1 :om he  
has engag$ z fir/ mate on ! ,f>ralone1  
',!re a9't no?+ to sailor+ :5 y come to 
look x 9 ! face1' & ,i am incl9$ to ?9k 
t ! obs]vation is true ( o!r ?+s besides
 navigation4  ,!re is no?+ 9 ord9>y     
g>d5+1 c>p5t]+1 or "w ab\t a h\se t any 
intellig5t man _c le>n 9 a mon? by giv+ 
8 m9d to x4  ,intellig5ce1 indu/ry1 & a 
deft h& w take any man ( capacity ?r\gh 
any ( ! ord9>y employm5ts ( life )      
mod]ate cr$it1 or at lea/ )\t disgrace4 
,:5 once ! "r h&l+ ( tools is le>n$1 !  
re/ is m]ely a matt] ( intellig5ce4  ,at
 all ev5ts1 ,i _h to le>n h[ to be      
pr(ici5t 9 ! h&l+ ( _m /range tools1    
because !re 0 no "o )9 rea* to h&le !m =
 me4  ,! exp]i5ce 0 salut>y = me 9 e    
way4  ,x taught me to be a%am$ ( t k9d (
 ineffici5cy :i* 9 t[ns is reckon$ !    
hall-m>k ( g5tility4  ,x taught me !    
virtue ( t indep5d5ce :i* makes a man   

equal to 8 own ne$s4  ,x also sav$ me f 
ennui4  ,i f\nd myself liv+ a mu* busi] 
life ?an ,i _h ev] liv$4  ,i _h nev]    
work$ s h>d1 & yet !re 0 n a s+le "p (  
my "w t did n add to my delight4  ,& ,i 
work$ = direct results1 = ?+s ,i c\ld   
see1 & ?+s :i* ,i might ju/ly claim z my
 own1 s9ce ,i _h creat$ !m4  ,i %all    
p]haps fall "u ! suspicion ( morbid     
s5sitiv5ess :5 ,i confess t ,i nev] took
 my weekly wage 9 ,london )\t a qualm & 
a compunction1 = ,i c\ld nev] make      
myself believe t ,i _h really e>n$ x4   
,:at _h ,i done8  ,i _h simply p]=m$ a  
few ari?metical processes :i* any       
s*oolboy might h done z well4  ,my      
lab\r1 su* z x 01 0 absorb$ in/antly 9 !
 comm]cial op]ations ( a great firm4  ,i
 c\ld n trace x1 & ,i _h no means (     
e/imat+ its value4  ,! money ,i took = x
 seem$ !re=e to come to me by a sort (  
leg]dema94  ,t "s "o ?\ght x wor? :ile  
to pay me 0 o/5sible pro( t my "w 0     
really wor? some?+2 b s little able 0 ,i
 to p5etrate ! processes t result$ 9 ?is

 judgm5t1 s vivid 0 ! s5se ( "s +5i\s   
juggl]y 9 ! :ole bus9ess1 t ,i did n "k 
:e!r ,i _h be5 *eat$ or 0 a *eat1 9 liv+
 by a k9d ( lab\r t co/ me s little4    
,h[ diff]5t 0 my feel+ n[6  ,at ! end ( 
an h\r's spade-"w1 ,i saw some?+        
actually done1 ( :i* ,i 0 ! indisputable
 au?or4 ,:5 ,i laid d[n ! saw & plane & 
hamm]1 & /ret*$ my a*+ back1 ,i saw     
some?+ gr[+ into %ape1 :i* ,i myself _h 
creat$4 ,!re 0 no juggl]y ab\t ?is2 !re 
0 imm$iate intimate relation betwe5     
cause & effect4  ,& !nce ,i f\nd a k9d (
 joy 9 my "w1 :i* 0 new & exquisite to  
me4  ,i /ood ^u my own feet1            
self-possess$1 self-respect+1 effici5t =
 my own ne$s1 & consci\s ( a def9ite "p 
9 ! great rhy?m ( inf9ite toil :i* makes
 ! univ]se4  ,x is only :5 a man works =
 himself t ?is k9d ( joy is felt4  ,s   
enam\r$ 0 ,i ( ?is new joy1 t _h x be5  
possible ,i w\ld h possess$ no?+ t 0 n !
 direct result ( my own lab\r4  ,i w\ld 
h lik$ to h spun ! wool = my own clo!s1 
& h tann$ ! lea!r = my own boots4  ,i   

w\ld h lik$ to gr[ ! corn = my own      
bread1 & h kill$ my own meat1 z ! savage
 or ! primitive settl] does4  ,9 ?is    
respect ! savage or ! primitive settl]  
approa*es mu* ne>] ! true ideal ( human 
life ?an ! civilis$ man1 = ! true ideal 
is t e man %all be effici5t = 8 own     
ne$s1 ) z little dep5d5ce z possible on 
o!rs4  ,"u natural conditions !re is    
en\gh faculty 9 a man's t5 f+]s to      
supply 8 own ne$s1 & all ! avocations   
ne$ful to life may meet "u "o hat4  ,!  
famili> illu/ration ( ! numb] ( m5      
requir$ to make a p9 is typical ( t     
contemptible futility to :i* :at is     
call$ civilisation r$uces m5 by m]e     
disp]sal ( lab\r4  ,su* disp]sal        
develops s+le faculties1 b p>alyses m54 
,x is l develop+ "s s+le "p ( ! human   
organism1 su* z a f+]-tip1 to high      
s5sitiv5ess1 by draw+ away ! s5sitiv5ess
 f all ! re/4  ,to d ?is r$uces life to 
b>r5ness2 x makes x meagre 9 en]gy &    
pleasure2 x makes "w a disease4  ,b 9   
su* a life z ,i n[ liv$1 x 0 n a f+]-tip

 t work$ b ! :ole man4  ,! cabbage ,i   
cut = d9n] 0 fa%ion$ f my own sub/ance1 
= my sweat _h n\ri%$ x4  ,! butt] ,i ate
 0 "p ( my own en]gy1 sp5t ov] ! *urn1  
come back to me 9 ! fre%ness & firmness 
( edible gold4  ,my bread 0 bak$ 9 a    
flame k9dl$ at my own he>t ,transcrib]'s
 note3 he>?81 & x 0 ! sweet] = x4 ,:5 ,i
 lay d[n at night ,i 0 quits ) ,nature4 
,i _h paid s mu* en]gy into h] bank1 &  
_h a "r to ! divid5d ( re/ %e gave me4  
,ap>t f all o!r ?+s1 ! economy ( ?is    
mode ( life w be at once p]ceiv$4  ,my  
exp5ses sank /eadily mon? by mon?4  ,i  
made a good _m mi/akes1 ( c\rse1 = !re  
is m ?an meets ! eye 9 remun]ative      
g>d5+1 *ick5 f>m+1 & bee-keep+1 z !re is
 9 mo/ human occupations :i* appe>      
delusively simple4  ,x took me "s "t to 
rectify ^! mi/akes1 b be=e a ye> _h     
pass$ ,i f\nd myself rais+ all my own   
g>d5 produce1 well suppli$ ) eggs &     
p\ltry = my own table1 & able to e>n a  
little by ! sale ( my sup]flu\s /ock4   
,"s articles1 su* z coal1 7 excessively 

de>2 b !n1 z a set-(f1 ,i c\ld h all !  
wood ,i requir$ = next to no?+1 & we    
burn$ m wood ?an coal4  ,groc]ies ,i    
pur*as$ 9 :olesale quantities f a       
,man*e/] /ore1 s t 9 spite ( c>riage ,i 
paid less = !m ?an ,i _h paid 9 ,london1
 & secur$ ! be/ quality4  ,my tr\t rod  
s]v$ my breakfa/ table1 & my gun br\ght 
me _m a d9n]4  ,9 %ort1 ,i f\nd t small 
z 0 ! sum ( money :i* ,i _h e>n$1 yet x 
0 m ?an en\gh = my ne$s4  ,w9t] is1 (   
c\rse1 ! try+ "t = a resid5t 9 ! c\ntry4
 ,ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ,decemb] ! wea!r      
broke1 & !re 0 a week ( driv+ ra94  ,a  
=tnight ( grey wea!r foll[$1 & !n came  
?ree days ( heavy sn[4  ,f ! mom5t t !  
sn[ ceas$ w9t] became delightful4  ,no  
words ( m9e c describe ! glory ( ^! w9t]
 days4  ,x is only ( late ye>s t p h    
discov]$ t ,switz]l& is inf9itely m     
beautiful 9 w9t] ?an 9 summ]2 "s day !y 
w discov] ! same tru? ab\t ! ,lake      
,di/rict4  ,x happ5$ "o day 9 midw9t] t 
bus9ess took me z f> z ,keswick1 & ,i   
%all nev] =get ! a/oni%m5t & delight ( t

 visit4 ,skiddaw 0 a pure sn[ m\nta91 a 
m9iature ,mont ,blanc2 ,d]w5twat] 0 blue
 z poli%$ /eel1 cov]$ ) ice s cle> t x 0
 ev]y:]e transp>5t2 ! woods 7 plum$ )   
sn[1 & ov] all %one ! sun ( ,june1 & !  
ke5 air t+l$ 9 ! ve9s l w9e4 ,beside !  
road ! drifts ran high1 holl[$ by ! w9d 
into a hundr$ curves & cavities1 & 9 ea*
 ! reflect$ light made a tape/ry (      
delicate violet & rose4  ,^? :o imag9e t
 sn[ is only :ite--dead1 cold :ite--h   
nev] se5 ! pure new-fall5 sn[1 :5 !     
/ricture ( ! fro/ beg9s to b9d x2 su*   
sn[ has e col\r ( ! ra9b[ 9 x1 & :]e x  
is beat5 f9e x is l a du/ ( diamonds4   
,"u a h>d grey sky sn[ appe>s dead :ite2
 b "u su* a sun z ?is x gl[$ & sp>kl$ ) 
all ! glories ( an ice cave4  ,& !n came
 ! sunset1 a sunset to be dream$ (4     
,skiddaw 0 a pyramid ( rosy flame2 great
 saffron seas ( light lay ov] !         
,catbells1 ! imm5se %\ld]s ( ,borr[dale 
7 purple1 & ! lake 0 truly a sea ( glass
 & fire4  ,nor 0 ?is a s+ul> & unmat*$  
day4  ,= a :ole mon? ! pageant ( ! sn[  

la/$4 ,close to my own door 7 glories   
sc>cely inf]ior to ^? ( ,borr[dale &    
,d]w5twat]4  ,! gl5 0 ri* ) all !       
fanta/ic arabesque ( ! fro/1 ! moor 0 l 
a froz5 sea1 & f\r miles away lay       
,butt]m]e1 r++ f morn to night ) ! s\nd 
( skates4  ,!re is no great] error ?an  
to suppose w9t] a dre> & joyless season 
9 ! c\ntry4  ,x has delights ( its own  
unimag9$ by ! t[nsman1 to :om w9t] means
 bur/ pipes & slu%y /reets1 & sn[ t is  
soil$ ev5 z x falls4  ,b among m\nta9s  
w9t] has its own incomp>able glories1 & 
holds a pageant n inf]ior to summ]'s4   
,b ev5 9 days ( ra9 life _h its         
pleasures4  ,h[ev] bad ! wea!r might be 
!re 7 few days :5 we c\ld n be abroad = 
"s h\rs1 & none :5 ! m\nta9s _h n "s    
peculi> beauty to reveal4  ,at ! end ( a
 day ( ra9 !re 7 (t5 spl5did half-h\rs1 
j be=e sunset1 :5 ! m\nta9s gl[$ ) ri*e/
 col\r2 :5 ?r\gh ! rift ( ?9n+ cl\ds "s 
va/ peak nam$ l a tor*1 & ! mi/ blew out
 l purple bann]s1 & ! wat]c\rses sp>kl$ 
l ropes ( brilliants hung on ! sc>r$    

rocks1 & ! air 0 fre% & fragrant ) all !
 p]fume ( heal?4  ,fog we seldom _h1 &  
:5 x came1 x r>ely la/$ beyond midday4  
,& !n !re 7 ! w>m delights ( w9t] ev5+s1
 :5 ! wood fire blaz$ ^u ! he>?1 & !    
gale ro>$ aga9/ ! w9d[s4  ,i h already  
rem>k$ t books read 9 ! solitude ( !    
c\ntry always make a deep] impression on
 my m9d ?an books read 9 ! uneasy       
leisure ( t[ns4  ,i f\nd ?is d\bly true 
:5 ,i came to live 9 ! c\ntry4  ,i came 
to my books ) a ke5] & heal?i] bra94 ,! 
great ma/]s ( lit]ature resum$ _! sway  
ov] me2 ,scott1 ,%akespe>e1 ,c]vantes1  
long-neglect$1 took p[]ful hold ^u my   
m9d4  ,x is n to dwell]s 9 ! t[n t great
 writ]s ev] make _! full appeal4  ,!y   
are too occupi$ ) ! trivial dramas (    
life among a cr[d1 too di/urb$ by ! eddy
 & ru% ( ! life ar\nd !m4  ,b = ! dwell]
 9 solitude ^! great writ]s erect a     
!atre1 :i* is ! only !atre he kn[s4  ,he
 is able to att5d to ! drama pres5t$ to 
him1 & to be absorb$ by x4  ,he         
discusses ! actors & _! do+s z ?\gh !y 7

 real p]sonages4  ,effie ,deans &       
,v>ley1 ,ophelia & ,don ,quixote1 7 = u 
creatures :om we knew4  ,x 0 ! same )   
lat] writ]s4  ,byron's poetry once m    
appeal$ to me by its revolution>y note1 
,%elley 0 int]pret$ afre% to me by ^!   
m\nta9s :i* he w\ld h lov$4  ,"o incid5t
 ,i recollect :i* may s]ve to illu/rate 
?is new hold :i* imag9ative lit]ature   
took ^u me4  ,i op5$ "o ev5+ ,great     
,expectations1 & began to read x al\d4  
,! next morn+1 at five o'clock1 my two  
boys 7 cont5d+ = ! book4  ,= a mon? ,pip
 sat beside our he>?1 & ,joe ,g>g]y w9k$
 at u1 & 't ass' ,pumble*ook m\!d 8     
solemn platitudes4  ,we 7 cont9ually    
rem9d+ ea* o!r nev] to =get '!m z br\ght
 u up by h&4' ,c\ld any book h laid hold
 ( u aft] ?is fa%ion if x _h be5 read 9 
! hurri$ leisure ( a city life8  ,x 0 ! 
v abs5ce ( incid5t 9 our quiet lives t  
made ^! imag9>y incid5ts delightful4    
,we l+]$ ov] ! books we read1 extract+ f
 !m all _! *>m1 all _! wisdom1 & !re 0 m
 good talk1 m discrim9at+ criticism he>d

 9 my cottage 9 a mon? ?an w\ld be he>d 
9 a ,london draw+-room 9 a ye>4  ,& !   
explanation is simple4  ,we _h no       
trivialities to talk ab\t2 none ( ^?    
odds & ends ( gossip t d duty =         
conv]sation 9 cities2 & ?us su* talk z  
we _h conc]n$ itself ) real ?\ghts1 & ! 
?\ghts ( wise m5 & great writ]s4  ,"o ( 
! pr9cipal occupations ( my fir/ w9t] 0 
! education ( my boys4  ,aft] ! approv$ 
mod]n fa%ion ,i _h intru/$ ?is task to  
o!rs1 ^u ! fooli% assumption t :at ,i   
paid heavily = mu/ ne$s be ( "s value4  
,i discov]$ my delusion ! mom5t ,i came 
to look into ! matt] = myself4  ,i f\nd 
t !y knew no?+ p]fectly3 c]ta9 ?+s !y _h
 le>n$ by rote1 & c\ld recite ) "s      
exactitude1 b ( ! reasons & pr9ciples t 
und]lie all real k !y knew no?+4  ,i    
believe ?is to be *>act]i/ic ( almo/ all
 mod]n education1 especially s9ce       
competitive exam9ations h set ! pace4   
,! bra9 is gorg$ ) crude masses (       
undige/$ fact1 :i* x has no p[] to      
assimilate4 ,fragm5ts ( k are lodg$ 9 ! 

m9d1 b ! m9d is n taught to co-ord9ate  
its k1 or1 9 o!r words1 to ?9k & reason4
  ,! ye>ly exam9ation pap]s ( public    
s*ools & univ]sities af=d ample & (t5   
amus+ illu/rations ( ?is condition (    
?+s4  ,i rememb] an ,ox=d tutor1 :o set 
pap]s = a c]ta9 ,!ological ,college1    
tell+ me t "o ye> he put ?is "q3 ',give 
"s acc\nt ( ! life ( ,m>y1 ! "m ( our   
,"l4'  ,?is 0 a "q :i* obvi\sly requir$ 
"s p[] ( syn!sis1 "s ex]cise ( ?\ght &  
skill 9 n>rative4  ,"o bright y\?1 aft] 
a feeble s5t5ce or two 9 :i* ! "n ( ,m>y
 0 at lea/ includ$1 w5t on to say1 ',at 
?is po9t x may n be out ( place to give 
a li/ ( ! k+s ( ,israel4'  ,"h 0 some?+ 
he did "k1 & x 0 some?+ n wor? kn[+4  ,i
 f\nd t my boys _h be5 educat$ on mu* ! 
same pr9ciple4  ,!y c\ld d a simple     
problem ( ma!matics aft] a fa%ion2 t is1
 !y c\ld recite x2 b x _h nev] once be5 
sugge/$ to !m z an ex]cise ( reason4 ,x 
0 ! same ) hi/ory2 !y c\ld recite dates 
& facts1 b !y _h no p]ception (         
pr9ciples4  ,x may be imag9$ t ,i _h to 

g to s*ool aga9 myself be=e ,i c\ld     
attempt to in/ruct !m4  ,i _h to take   
d[n aga9 my long disus$ ,virgil &       
,cic]o1 & "w ?r\gh _m a =gott5 passage4 
,at fir/ ! task 0 di/a/eful en\gh1 b x  
soon became fasc9at+4  ,my love ( !     
classics reviv$4  ,i began to read ,hom]
 & ,?ucydides1 ,tacitus & ,lucretius1 = 
my own pleasure4  ,x 0 delightful to    
obs]ve :at int]e/ my boys took 9        
,virgil1 z soon z !y discov]$ t ,virgil 
0 n a m]e task-book1 b poetry ( ! noble/
 ord]4  ,by avoid+ all idea ( m]e       
un9tellig5t task-"w1 ,i soon got !m to  
take a real int]e/ 9 _! "w1 until at la/
 !y came to anticipate ! h\r ( ^! common
 /udies4  ,i took c>e also to nev] make 
! burd5 ( /udy oppressive4  ,two h\rs ( 
real /udy is z mu* z a "y boy c be> at a
 "t4  ,he %\ld rise f 8 task1 n ) an    
exhau/$1 b ) a fre% & quick5$1 m9d4  ,on
 v f9e days x 0 und]/ood t no books %\ld
 be op5$4  ,su* days 7 sp5t 9 fi%+1 9   
m\nta9-climb+1 or 9 long cycl+          
excursions1 & ! /ore ( heal? laid up by 

^! days gave new vig\r to ! m9d :5 ! "w 
( education 0 resum$4  ,:5 ! summ] came 
on1 life became a daily lyric ( delight4
  ,by five 9 ! morn+1 sometimes by f\r1 
we 7 out fi%+4  ,9 ! n>r[ "p ( ! gl5 !re
 0 a place :]e ! rocks met 9 a wild     
m9iature gorge1 & ?r\gh !m ! wat] p\r$  
into a l>ge circul> rock-bas91 ab\t =ty 
feet 9 diamet]4  ,?is 0 our ba?+-pool1 &
 ! cool %ock & ?rill ( ^? exquisitely   
pure & fl[+ wat]s runs along my n]ves   
/ill z ,i write4  ,we (t5 sp5t m ?an an 
h\r !re 9 ! e>ly morn+1 swimm+ f side to
 side ( our natural ba?1 div+ (f a rock 
:i* rose almo/ 9 ! c5tre ( ! pool1 pass+
 to & fro "u ! cascade1 or sitt+ out 9 !
 sun1 till %e] hung] drove u home to    
breakfa/4  ,writ]s :o boa/ a sort (     
f9ical sup]iority w no d\bt disda9 ^!   
b>b>ian delights1 & wond] t memory %\ld 
be p]si/5t ov] m]e physical s5sations4  
,b ,i am n sure t ^! physical s5sations 
are n recollect$ ) m acut5ess ?an m5tal 
ones1 & !re is no j reason :y !y %\ld be
 despis$4  ,i h =gott5 a good _m        

ae/hetic pleasures :i* at ! "t gave me  
ke5 delight--"s phrase 9 oratory1 "s    
movem5t 9 conc]t$ music1 & su* l--b ,i  
nev] =get ! s5sation ( w9d bl[+ ov] my  
b>e fle% z ,i coa/$ d[n a long m\nta9   
road on a broil+ day 9 ,augu/1 nor !    
poignant ?rill ( t ru%+ wat] 9 my morn+ 
ba!s4  ,& mix$ ) x all is ! aromatic    
sc5t ( ! p9es beside ! /ream1 ! fre%ness
 ( ! mead[s1 & ! song ( fall+ wat]4     
,sometimes1 :5 ! riv] 0 9 summ] flood1  
!re 0 j t spice ( dang] 9 our ba?+ :i*  
gave x a memorable piquancy4  ,on su*   
occasions we _h to use skill & coolness 
to avoid disa/]2 we 7 toss$ ab\t ! boil+
 wat] l bubbles2 incr$ible masses ( wat]
 fl[$ ov] u1 w>m & /rong1 9 a few       
seconds1 & we came out ( ! ro>+ pool s  
beat5 & ?ra%$ by ! viol5ce ( ! /ream t e
 n]ve quiv]$4  ,breakfa/ 0 a great      
occasion aft] ^! adv5tures4  ,!n came a 
/roll r\nd our small e/ate1 & an h\r or 
s ov] books4  ,mat!w ,arnold's ,?yrsis 0
 a fav\rite poem ) u all on ^! morn+s4  
,x brea!d ! v _s ( ! life we liv$1 b =  

its sadness--?is we did n feel4  ,b we  
did appreciate its wond]fully exact &   
beautiful int]pretation ( ,nature1 & we 
_h b to look ar\nd u to see ! v picture 
,arnold pa9t$ :5 he wrote3     ,soon w !
 high midsumm] pomps come on1     ,soon 
w ! musk c>nations break & swell1       
,soon %all we h gold-du/$ snapdragon1   
,sweetwilliam ) 8 homely cottage smell1 
,& /ocks 9 fragrant bl[3   ,roses t d[n 
! alley %9e af>1     ,& op51            
jasm9e-muffl$ lattices1     ,& gr\ps "u 
! dream+ g>d5 trees1   ,& ! full moon1 &
 ! :ite ev5+ />4   ,su* 0 ! life we     
liv$4  ,if we look$ back at all to !    
life we _h left1 x 0 ) t sort ( sick    
horror :i* a prison] may feel :o has    
endur$ & surviv$ a long t]m (           
imprisonm5t4  ,x seem$ to u t we _h nev]
 really liv$ be=e4  ,! pa/ 0 a dream1 & 
an evil dream4  ,we _h mov$ 9 a _w ( bad
 en*antm5t1 l phantoms1 b>ely consci\s (
 ourselves4  ,we _h n[ recov]$          
proprietor%ip 9 our own lives4  ,"w1 t  
_h be5 a curse1 0 a bless+4  ,life1 t _h

 gone on maim$ feet1 0 n[ virile 9 e "p4
  ,?is m]e fulness ( heal? 0 9 itself   
ample comp5sation = ! loss ( a hundr$   
artificial pleasures :i* we _h once     
?\ght necess>y to exi/5ce4  ,we knew t  
we _h f\nd a delight 9 m]e liv+ :i* mu/ 
rema9 :olly incr$ible to ! tortur$ ho/s 
t toil 9 cities2 & we knew also t :5 at 
la/ we came to lie d[n ) k+s & conqu]ors
 9 ! h\se ( sleep1 we %\ld c>ry ) u     
fair] dreams ?an !y ev] knew amid all ! 
tumult ( _! triumph4     ,,*apt] ,x     
,,neighb\r%ip  ,!re is a wond]ful       
passage 9 ,timon ( ,a!ns :i* appe>s to  
express 9 a few /rokes1 at once broad & 
subtle1 ! picture & ! ideal ( a p]fect  
city3         ,piety & fe>1   ,religion 
to ! gods1 peace1 ju/ice1 tru?1         
,dome/ic awe1 night-re/1 & neighb\rhood1
   ,in/ruction1 mann]s1 my/]ies1 &      
trades1   ,degrees1 obs]vances1 cu/oms1 
& laws4   ,! congregat$ life ( man1     
_m-col\r$1 intricate1 compos$ ( num]\s  
int]wov5 int]e/s1 0 nev] pa9t$ ) a high]
 skill4 ,! ^w t is mo/ expressive 9 ?is 

description is 'neighb\rhood4'  ,x      
/rikes ! note ( cities4  ,utt]+ x1 "o is
 aw>e ( ! pleasant music ( bu/l+ /reets1
 greet+s 9 ! m>ket-place1 :isp]$ conv]se
 9 ! doorways1 gay meet+s & laught]1    
light$ squ>es & cr[ds1 ! t\* ( k9d h&s1 
ev5+ meals & fe/ivals1 & all !          
rev]b]ation ( man's social voice4 ,a man
 may gr[ sick = su* sc5es z a sailor    
gr[s sick ) long+ = ! sea4  ,!re 7 times
 :5 ?is sickness came on me1 ?is        
no/algia ( /reets4  ,x 0 only by degrees
 ,i came to see t neighb\rhood has a    
significance ap>t f cities4  ,! fir/    
s5sation ( ! man sudd5ly exil$ f cities 
is a k9d ( bewild]+ homelessness 9      
,nature4  ,he is confront$ ) a          
spaci\sness t kn[s no limit4  ,he treads
 among voids4  ,he exp]i5ces an almo/   
un5durable s5se ( inf9ity4  ,he c put a 
b\nd to no?+ t he sees2 x is a relief to
 ! eye to come ^u a wall or a h$ge1 or  
any k9d ( object t implies dim5sion4    
,!re is some?+ awful 9 ! glee or song ( 
birds2 x seems irrational t ) w+s s     

slight !y %\ld d>e heights s pr(\nd4    
,all s5se ( proportion seems lo/4  ,aft]
 be+ accu/om$ = _m ye>s to ?9k ( himself
 z 9 "s s5se a figure ( importance 9 !  
univ]se1 a man f9ds himself unimportant1
 insignificant1 a little creature sc>ce 
p]ceptible a mile away4  ,i came once ^u
 "s human bones ly+ expos$ on ! side (  
an old e>?work on ! summit ( a hill2    
heavy ra9s _h loos5$ ! soil1 & !re lay  
^! pa9ful relics 9 ! cold eye ( day4    
,two ?\s& ye>s ago1 or m1 spe>s _h cla%$
 ^u ?is hillside1 liv+ m5 _h gone to    
f9al re/ amid _! blood2 & x came ^u me )
 a s5se ( insult h[ little man & all 8  
battles c\nt$ = 9 ! limitless ar5a ( !  
_w4 ,! brute viol5ce ( w9ds & tempe/s _h
 swept ^! hills = c5turies2 & he ^:     
lord%ip ( ! _w is s l\dly trumpet$1 _h  
la9 prone b5ea? ?is viol5ce1 unrememb]$ 
ev5 by 8 fell[s4 ,i und]/ood 9 t mom5t t
 affect+ doctr9e ( ! no?+ness ( man1 :i*
 col\r$ m$iaeval ?\ght s /rangely3 l !  
monk ( ! cloi/] ,i also _h be=e me my   
mem5to mori4  ,b 9 tru? ,i did n ne$ !  

bones ( dead w>riors to humble me2 ! m]e
 space & /illness ( ! _w suffic$4  ,my  
e> a*$ = "s s\nd m rational ?an ! cry ( 
bl9d w9ds1 my eye = "s n>r[] /age ?an   
?is trem5d\s !atre1 :]e an army might   
defile unnotic$4  ,9 su* a mood ! desire
 ( neighb\r%ip gr[s ke54  ,"o is *e]$   
ev5 by ! comrade%ip ( 8 own %ad[4  ,x   
becomes necess>y to talk al\d m]ely to  
ga9 assurance t "o lives4  ,s gho/-l    
appe>s man's m>* across ! fields ( ,"t1 
t "s active expression ( physical       
s5sation becomes imp]ative1 9 ord] to   
recov] evid5ce ( "o's physical exi/5ce2 
& ?rice welcome1 l ! viol5ce (f]$ to !  
half-dr[n$1 is any k9d ( buffet :i*     
breaks ! dream1 & sets ! n]ves t+l+ 9 ! 
c]ta9ty ( contact ) m5 :o brea! & live4 
,! easy & o/5sible rem$y = su* a /ate ( 
m9d is imm$iate retreat to ! reassur+   
hum ( cities3 ! m difficult b real rem$y
 is ! reassurance ( "o's own id5tity4   
,_m p take ! fir/ c\rse )\t admitt+ x2  
alleg+ ! lack ( int]c\rse or conv5i5ce 9
 c\ntry life1 :]eas ! real tru? is t    

contact ) ! /eadfa/ indiff]5ce ( ,nature
 has prov$ w\nd+ to _! egoism4  ,a va9  
man _c ma9ta9 8 s5se ( self-importance 9
 ! c5tre ( a va/ moor1 or amid ! ?reat5+
 bulk ( giant hills4  ,he looks ^u no?+ 
t respects him4  ,he c f9d no?+         
subs]vi5t to him4  ,!re=e he flies to ! 
cr[d$ haunts ( m51 & ! port] t\*+ 8 hat 
to him = a prospective twop5ce at !     
railway /ation1 is ! welcome confessor (
 8 disall[$ div9ity4 ,x is1 alas6 ! mo/ 
common & humbl+ feature ( human nature t
 we all /iff5 our backs ) pride :5 !    
knee ( "s fell[-creature is crook$ 9    
homage to u1 al?\gh t homage may be     
b\ght = twop5ce6  ,no wond] t ! man 9 ^:
 "* vanity is ! *ief ess5ce _c long     
endure contact ) ,nature2 ,nature       
respects no man1 & laughs 9 ! face ( !  
/rutt+ egoi/4  ,b if a man w live long  
en\gh ) ,nature to become reconcil$ to  
h] impassivity1 he beg9s to recov]      
self-respect1 by recov]+ ! conviction ( 
8 own id5tity4  ,he has t )9 himself :i*
 ,nature has n1 ! faculty (             

consci\sness4  ,he is b a trifl+ atom 9 
! s*eme ( ?+s1 b he is a ?9k+ atom4  ,he
 sees also t all liv+ creatures h an    
id5tity ( _! own4  ,ea* goes ab\t !     
s*eme ( life 9 delib]ate wisdom4  ,:y   
%\ld he compla9 ( insignificance :5 !   
bird1 ! fl[]1 ! horse t drags ! pl\gh1 !
 beav] 9 ! /ream1 ! spid] on ! wall1    
make no compla9t2 ea* accompli%+ its    
task z int5tly z ?\gh x 7 ! "o task ! _w
 want$ done8  ,9 ! life ( ! m]e/ insect 
are toils z great1 & vicissitudes z     
tragic1 z 9 ! mo/ h]oic human life1 & to
 see s mu* is to atta* a new dignity to 
all k9ds ( life4  ,! bird build+ its ne/
 is do+ precisely ! same ?+ z ! man :o  
builds 8 h\se1 & ) an equal skill (     
ar*itecture4  ,! fl[]1 fight+ = its     
life1 is engag$ 9 ! same /ruggle z man1 
= :om e brea? & pulse-beat is a victory 
ov] =ces t ?reat5 8 de/ruction4  ,! _w  
is full ( id5tities1 ea* unmov$ by !    
trem5d\s scale ( its environm5t4 ,h5ce a
 new k9d ( neighb\r%ip is possible1 wid]
 & m ca?olic ?an ! neighb\r%ip betwe5   

man & man4  ,k9%ip1 n 9 k9dr$1 b 9      
univ]sal life1 becomes possible4  ,!re  
is no s5se ( lonel9ess 9 a c\ntry life  
aft] t discov]y is made4  ,! emptie/    
field is z popul\s z ! ?rong$ city4  ,! 
,academy ( ,god's art op5s e spr+ ^u !  
gemm$ hillside4  ,! build+ ( a new      
metropolis z wond]ful z ,london is go+  
on b5ea? ! ?at* :]e ! bees toil4  ,all t
 con/itutes human magnific5ce is se5 to 
be b a "p1 & n a l>ge "p ei!r1 ( a yet  
wid] magnific5ce ( ef=t & a*ievem5t2 = (
 ! fl[]s ( ! field we c say1 ',solomon 9
 all 8 glory 0 n array$ l "o ( ^!4'  ,! 
fact is t civilis$ man moves 9 a mu* too
 n>r[ range ( aff9ities4  ,he has =gott5
 ! rock f :i* he 0 hewn1 & ! hole ( !   
pit f :i* he 0 dug4  ,he has r$uc$ !    
keybo>d ( 8 sympa?ies by :ole octaves4  
,! habit ( %utt+ up 8 body )9 walls1 has
 produc$ ! correspond+ habit ( %utt+ up 
8 m9d )9 walls4  ,h5ce ,nature1 :i* %\ld
 be an object ( delight to him1 becomes 
a cause ( t]ror or repugnance4          
,solitude1 :i* is "o ( ! mo/ agreeable  

s5sations ( ! natural man1 is "o ( ! mo/
 pa9ful & al>m+ s5sations ( ! civilis$  
man4  ,! civilis$ man ne$s to be born   
aga9 t he may ent] ! k+dom ( ,nature2 = 
to ent] ei!r ! k+dom ( grace or (       
,nature ! same process is necess>y--we  
mu/ become z little *ildr54  ,?oreau has
 describ$ ?is exp]i5ce 9 t]ms :i* might 
apply equally to ! religi\s my/ic or !  
,nature-lov]4  ,he tells u t = a brief  
p]iod aft] he came to live 9 ! woods he 
felt lonesome1 & 'd\bt$ if ! ne>        
neighb\rhood ( man 0 n ess5tial to a    
s]5e & heal?y life4  ,to be alone 0     
some?+ unpleasant4  ,b ,i 0 at ! same "t
 consci\s ( a slight insanity 9 my mood1
 & seem$ to =esee my recov]y4  ,9 ! mid/
 ( a g5tle ra91 :ile ^? ?\ghts prevail$1
 ,i 0 sudd5ly s5sible ( su* sweet &     
b5efic5t society 9 ,nature1 9 ! v patt]+
 ( ! drops1 & 9 e sight & s\nd ab\t my  
h\se1 an inf9ite & unacc\ntable         
fri5dl9ess all at once l an atmosph]e   
su/a9+ me1 z made ! fanci$ advantages ( 
human neighb\rhood insignificant1 & ,i h

 nev] ?\ght ( !m s9ce4  ,e little       
p9e-ne$le exp&$ & swell$ ) sympa?y1 &   
befri5d$ me4  ,i 0 s di/9ctly made aw>e 
( ! pres5ce ( some?+ k9dr$ to me1 ev5 9 
sc5es t we are accu/om$ to call wild &  
dre>y1 & also t ! ne>e/ ( blood to me & 
humane/ 0 n a p]son nor a villag]1 t ,i 
?\ght no place c\ld ev] be /range to me 
aga94'  ,?is exp]i5ce m>k$ ! rebir? (   
,?oreau1 z truly z a new & delightful   
s5sitiv5ess to a spiritual _w m>k$ !    
re-bir? ( ,bunyan4  ,! :ole secret (    
re-bir? lies 9 ! recov]y ( lo/          
aff9ities4  ,i d n recollect any        
p>ticul> crisis su* z ,?oreau describes1
 b ,i c trace ! process 9 myself4  ,i   
took no pa9s to ca/ ! sl\gh ( cities2 ,i
 regi/]$ no v[s & consult$ no tea*]s2 x 
seem$ t ! ?+ 0 quietly done = me by !   
,high] ,p[]s4  ,i _h no "p 9 ! matt]    
except to be docile4  ,nature took me 9 
h&1 z sleep takes 9 h& ! sick *ild2 !   
only ?+ ask$ ( me 0 my submission4  ,!  
result soon appe>$ 9 ! alt]$ scale ( my 
p]ceptions4  ,i became indiff]5t to     

newspap]s1 to ! do+s & p]=mances (      
public p]sonages1 to ! rise & fall (    
lit]>y reputations1 & to a great _m     
books :i* once int]e/$ me4  ,i saw t a  
consid]able numb] ( ^? :om ,i _h c\nt$  
public tea*]s 7 no bett] ?an p]sons :o  
talk$ 9 _! sleep4  ,!y knew no?+ ( !    
elem5tal life ( man1 & 7 unfitt$ to     
pron\nce v]dicts ^u 8 de/9y4  ,noveli/s 
p>ticul>ly (f5d$ me by _! gross         
ignorance ( life4  ,! pictures ( life !y
 drew 7 z untrue z a description ( a    
/reet-fight w\ld be if writt5 by a      
p]fum$ odalisque :o _h nev] cross$ !    
?re%old ( a h>em4  ,! anci5t elem5tal   
life ( man1 sp5t 9 /orm & sun%9e1 "u    
wide skies1 !y _h n s mu* z look$ at1 & 
_! volum9\s *att] ab\t man & 8 do+s _h z
 little relation to life z ! philosophy 
t is enunciat$ 9 a monkey-h\se4         
,op]a-b\ffe p]=m$ ^u ,helvellyn w\ld be 
a sorry spectacle2 :at 0 all ?is b$iz5$ 
r\t ( p play+ be=e ! footlights (       
cities1 b a va9 burlesque at :i* ,nature
 laugh$8  ,& z my s5se ( ! importance ( 

?is k9d ( spectacle gradually sank1 my  
appreciation ( ! s]i\s drama conduct$ by
 ,nature1 ^u a /age z old z "t1 ^:      
footlights are ! *angeless planets1     
gradually rose4  ,i _h become ! neighb\r
 ( ,et]nity1 ?r\gh neighb\r%ip ) ?+s t  
are !mselves et]nal4  ,i ta/$ ! pleasure
 ( enl>g$ exi/5ce1 :i* _h become        
possible ?r\gh enl>g$ aff9ities4  ,i _h 
eat5 ( ! ,tree ( ,life1 :i* gr[s :]ev]  
!re is a ,g>d5 br\ght to beauty by !    
sweat ( man's br[1 & ,i _h ! k ( good & 
evil4  ,"o =m ( neighb\r%ip :i* br\ght  
me p]petual delight 0--if ,i may s      
describe x--neighb\r%ip ) ! />s4  ,i _h 
hi!rto sc>ce giv5 a ?\ght to a/ronomy1  
save ( ! vague/ k9d1 & all ,i knew ( x 0
 d]iv$ f ! recollection ( "o or two     
popul> lectures4  ,?is 0 p>donable 9 a  
citiz51 :o is nev] able to see any      
consid]able space ( firmam5t4  ,b :5 a  
man comes to live 9 ! c\ntry he c sc>ce 
rema9 indiff]5t to a pageant s sublime z
 ! midnight heav5s4  ,x is always ) him2
 x obtrudes itself ^u him2 x becomes 9  

"t ! sc5]y ( 8 life4  ,x pleas$ me on   
cle> ev5+s be=e ,i slept to g out & take
 :at ,i call$ a />-ba?1 a t]m ju/ifi$ by
 ! real s5se ,i _h ( waves ( s(t light &
 sil5ce fl[+ ov] me1 subm]g+ & cleans+  
me1 & sett+ my s\l afloat4  ,b v soon   
?is purely ae/hetic pleasure became also
 an excitem5t ( ! intellect4  ,an imm5se
 curiosity seiz$ me4  ,i desir$ to      
p5etrate ?is light$ labyr9? ( space1 to 
climb ^! %9+ t]races1 to "k :]e ^! va/  
roads l$1 9 ^: pr(\nd seclusion ,god    
,himself seem$ to hide4  ,9 a v humble  
way ,i began ! /udy ( a/ronomy1 & al?\gh
 ,i nev] got beyond its elem5ts yet my  
:ole life 0 incalculably enri*$ by :at  
,i le>n$4 ,i sometimes felt t ( all my  
neighb\rs ! />s 7 ! fri5dlie/ & wise/4  
,t s5se ( insignificance1 begott5 by !  
pressure ( imm5sity ^u ! _s1 ( :i* s _m 
m5 h writt51 ,i nev] felt2 my mo/       
con/ant feel+ 0 a k9d ( gladness :i* _h 
its root 9 ! conviction ( "s liv+       
fri5dly ,p[] beh9d & 9 ! spectacle4  ,! 
s5se ( insignificance1 if x came at all1

 0 associat$ ) ! vanities ( mank9d4  ,x 
did inde$ seem a /range ?+ t a man ^:   
?\ghts c\ld walk among ! />s1 %\ld b5d  
^? ?\ghts to a mean eag]ness = gold1 a  
pride 9 dress1 or ! build+ ( palaces1   
:i* :5 a*iev$ are n s mu* z a s+le gra9 
( du/ ^u an ant-hill4  ,9 a univ]se1 ^: 
ari?metic employs worlds = ! ciph]s (   
its reckon+1 bigness z associat$ ) man  
s\nds ridicul\s2 & ! bigge/ =tune or !  
bigge/ grief are alike inf9itesimal4  ,b
 :5 ! desire ( bigness passes f a man's 
m9d1 humility becomes pleasurable1 &    
imm5sity is soo?+4  ,i =got to ?9k ( !  
va/ness ( ! />s2 !y 7 = me neighb\rly & 
fri5dly pres5ces1 talk+ l a wise old    
nurse to me ( ?+s t happ5$ be=e my bir?1
 & ! anci5t k9dness ( ,him :om a d>+    
poet calls1 ',my old neighb\r--,god6'   
,neighb\r%ip ) ! e>? also became a vital
 pleasure & a s\rce ( peace4  ,!re 0 a  
"t :5 ,i _h a vivid horror ( dea?2 & z  
,i look back1 & analyse my s5sations1 ,i
 believe ?is horror 0 9 l>ge "p ! "w (  
cities4  ,x sprang f ! con/ant vision ( 

de=mity1 ! pres5ce ( hospitals1 newspap]
 n>ratives ( tragic accid5ts1 & ! gha/ly
 *e]fulness ( metropolitan cemet]ies4   
,to die ) a w9d[ op5 to ! trampl+ ( a   
clamor\s1 unconc]n$ /reet seem$ a ?+    
sordid & un5durable4  ,to be :isk$ away 
9 a plum$ he>se to a grave dug out ( !  
debris ( a hundr$ =gott5 graves 0 !     
climax ( insult4  ,x happ5$ to me once  
to see a *ild buri$ 9 :at 0 call$ a     
common grave4  ,x 0 a grave :i* conta9$ 
already half a doz5 little c(f9s2 x 0 a 
m]e du/-b9 ( mortality1 & x seem$ s     
pr(ane a place t no lu/ration ( religion
 c\ld give x sanctity4  ,dissolution met
 ! m9d !re 9 m ?an its native horror2 x 
_h ! sup]impos$ horror ( indec5cy &     
wilful outrage4  ,b 9 ! wide :olesome   
spaces ( ! _w1 & b5ea? ! clean />s1 dea?
 seems n undesirable4  ,a c\ntry life   
gives "o ! pleasant s5se ( k9%ip ) !    
e>?4 ,x is no long] an (f5ce to "k      
oneself ( ! e>? e>?y4  ,i 0 s mu* engag$
 9 ! love & /udy ( ?+s ^: life 0 brief t
 ! ?\ght ( dea? became natural4  ,i saw 

con/antly 9 fl[]s & birds1 & dome/ic    
creatures1 ! little r\nd ( life complet$
 & rel9qui%$ )\t regret4  ,i saw also h[
 ! ag$ peasant ga!r$ up 8 feet & di$1 l 
a tir$ *ild fall+ asleep at ! close ( a 
long day4  ,dea? is 9 reality no m      
t]rible ?an bir?2 b x is only ! natural 
man :o c s conceive x4  ,he :o lives 9  
con/ant k9%ip ) ! e>? w g to 8 re/ on ! 
e>?'s bosom )\t repugnance4  ,i knew v  
well ! place :]e ,i %\ld be buri$2 x 0  
b5ea? a clean turf kept sweet by m\nta9 
w9ds2 & ! place seem$ desirable4  ,hav+ 
come back by degrees to a life ( entire 
k9%ip ) ! e>?1 hav+ %>$ ! seasons & !   
/orms1 x seem$ b ! f9al seal set ^u ?is 
k9%ip1 t ,i %\ld dissolve quietly into !
 elem5ts ( ?+s1 to f9d p]haps my        
resurrection 9 ! et]nally r5ew$ life (  
,nature4  ,neighb\r%ip meant also = me  
k9%ip1 ) e k9d ( life ar\nd me1 & "s    
fri5dly association ) my fell[-m54  ,!  
creatures we call dumb h a sure way (   
talk+ to u1 if we w ov]come _! %yness & 
give !m a *ance4  ,moreov] _! habits1 _!

 me?od ( life1 _! ?\ghts1 are 9 !mselves
 pr(\ndly int]e/+4  ,i seem$ to h       
discov]$ a new univ]se :5 ,i fir/ took  
to bee-culture4  ,! geometry ( ! heav5s 
is n m a/oni%+ ?an ! geometry ( !       
beehive1 nor is ! ar*itecture ( ! f9e/  
city built by man m intricate & ma/]ly4 
,"h1 z 9 all ?+s1 we are deceiv$ by     
bulk1 c\nt+ a ?+ great m]ely because x  
is big2 b if x come to d$uc+ an         
,invisible ,m9d 9 ! univ]se f ! ?+s t   
are visible1 ,i w\ld z soon base my     
argum5t on :at goes on 9 a bee's bra91 z
 on ! h>monies ( law manife/$ 9 ! sol>  
sy/em4  ,i believe we greatly err 9     
und]rat+ o!r =ms ( life ?an our own4  ,!
 ,h9du1 :o ackn[l$ges a my/ic sacr$ness 
9 all =ms ( life1 comes ne>] ! tru?4    
,life = life1 judg$ by proportion1 plan1
 symmetry1 delicacy ( design & beauty ( 
adju/m5t1 man is a creature n a :it m   
wond]ful ?an _m =ms ( life :i* he cru%es
 ) a c>eless foot4  ,! creature we call 
dumb is n dumb to its mates1 & x is v   
likely our human modes ( communication  

appe> z absurd to ! dog or horse z !irs 
d to u4 ,we "k :at we ?9k ( ! s-call$   
dumb creatures2 x might be a humbl+     
surprise if we c\ld "k :at ! dumb       
creature ?9ks ( u4 ,! satire w\ld n be  
^u "o side1 be sure ( x4  ,to ! t[nsman 
! simple dwell]s on ! soil seem almo/ z 
incapable ( int]c\rse z ! creatures ( ! 
field & pa/ure4 ,because !y d n "k ! k9d
 ( ?+s ! t[nsman kn[s1 !y are suppos$ to
 "k no?+4  ,i h already said en\gh to %[
 h[ absurd & insol5t is ?is assumption4 
,my neighb\rs 7 few1 & simple-m9d$2 b !y
 possess$ _m k9ds ( skill necess>y to _!
 life1 !y _h wisdom & virtue1 & ^u !    
:ole a k9d ( fundam5tal dignity (       
nature4  ,!y 7 z %y z woodl& creatures  
to a /rang]'s voice2 !y 7 highly        
s5sitive to ! m]e %ad[ ( a slight1 & bo?
 suspici\s & res5tful ( patronage2 b !y 
met tru/ ) tru/1 & :]e !y gave _! tru/  
!y gave _! full loyalty ( fri5d%ip4  ,9 
my y\?1 z ,i h said else:]e1 ,i (t5     
pass$ a :ole day 9 a =e/4  ,i w\ld *oose
 "s solit>y glade1 :]e my intrusion 0   

audibly res5t$ by ! unse5 creatures ( ! 
wood1 :o fl$ be=e me2 b :5 an h\r _h    
pass$1 & ! signal _h run ?r\gh ! =e/ t  
,i meant no h>m1 ^? scatt]$ & a/oni%$   
creatures reassembl$4  ,! :ole life ( ! 
wood !n w5t on be=e my eyes2 ! birds    
sang _! be/ = me1 ! squirrel p]=m$ 8    
innoc5t gymna/ics ) an eye to my        
applause1 ! v snake mov$ less %yly ?r\gh
 ! grass1 z ?\gh ! ^w _h gone =? t ,i 0 
a gue/1 :o mu/ be ent]ta9$ & made to    
feel at home4  ,?is exp]i5ce (t5 recurr$
 to me 9 my e>ly days at ,?orn?waite4   
,x 0 "s "t be=e ,i 0 admitt$ to !       
free-masonry ( ! scanty social life     
ar\nd me2 :5 at la/ ,i _h paid my foot+ 
,i f\nd t "h also 0 a commonweal?2 "h   
also might be f\nd ^u a n>r[ scale1 b 9 
au!ntic =ms1        ,piety & fe>1       
,in/ruction1 mann]s1 my/]ies1 & trades1 
,degrees1 obs]vances1 cu/oms1 & laws4   
,,*apt] ,,xi  ,,! ,,w\nds ,,( ,a ,,fri5d
  ,^? :o h be5 fri5dly en\gh to foll[ me
 s f> 9 my little /ory w sc>cely pu% _! 
fri5d%ip s f> t !y w refra9 f criticism 

^u myself & my do+s4  ,on "o po9t1 viz4 
! social morality ( my conduct1 ,i am s 
sure ( criticism t ,i w anticipate x )  
self-criticism4  ,_h ,i ! moral "r to   
des]t ! city1 & to ignore ! social      
obligations ( ! city1 9 ord] to f9d a   
life t 0 m pleasurable to myself8  ,a   
city :i* pres5ts a depress+ v>iety (    
social ne$s c h>dly af=d to sp>e any    
good citiz51 h[ev] humble1 :o is capable
 ( social s]vice1 & = su* a citiz5 to   
contract himself out ( 8 obligations is 
v l skulk+4  ,i confess t ?is           
consid]ation occasion$ me "s uneas9ess1 
& ! que/ions :i* x rais$ h be5 treat$ ) 
su* admirable lucidity by a fri5d ( m9e1
 :o /ill resides 9 ,london1 t ,i w let  
him put ! case aga9/ me4  ,! fri5d ( :om
 ,i speak belongs to t class :i* may be 
r\ghly describ$ z ,e>ne/ ,good ,p4  ,) v
 small means1 & n mu* sp>e "t at 8      
disposal1 he is nev]!less con/antly     
engag$ 9 :at is call$ ! "w ( ,social    
,amelioration4  ,! problems ( city      
squalor1 vice1 & ignorance haunt him l a

 nightm>e4  ,:5 a v "y man he made a    
voyage ( discov]y among ! subm]g$ t5?2  
got acqua9t$ ) tramps1 night /roll]s1 & 
wa/rels on ! ,?ames ,embankm5t2 slept 9 
doss-h\ses & ,salvation ,army %elt]s2   
tri$ 8 h& on exp]im5tal philan?ropy     
among ! slums2 & 0 driv5 half-frantic by
 :at he saw4  ,he has ! mak+s ( a sa9t 9
 him2 ( a ,francis ( ,assisi1 ( a ,fa!r 
,dami54  ,he tea*es 9 night-s*ools1     
conducts ,p5ny ,banks1 & is grateful to 
any "o :o w introduce him to a desp]ate 
social ent]prise :i* no "o else w       
attempt4  ,! fir/ bus9ess ( life1 he is 
fond ( say+1 is n to get good1 b to d   
good4  ,( pleasure1 9 ! usual s5se ( !  
t]m1 he kn[s no?+1 & w\ld grudge !      
exp5diture ( a sixp5ce ^u himself z long
 z he knew a cadg] or a decay$ wa%]woman
 :o seem$ to h a bett] claim to x4      
,london is = him n a home1 b a          
battlefield1 & 8 _s is ! _s ( ! soldi]  
:o d>e n =sake 8 po/4  ,_m ye>s ago1 :5 
,i 0 go+ = my summ] holiday1 he wrote me
 a reproa*ful poem1 f :i* ,i quote a "p1

 because x is ! be/ index to 8 own "* & 
! mo/ lucid exposition ( 8 own attitude 
to life :i* ,i c recall3     ,! ro> ( ! 
/reets at _! l\de/     ,rises & falls l 
a tune2   ,midday 9 ! he>t ( ,london1   
,midway 9 ! mon? ( ,june4    ,& blue at 
! end ( a valley     ,i see ! ocean     
gleam1   ,& a voice l fall+ wat]        
,speaks to me ?ro' a dream4    ,x calls1
 & x bids me foll[2     ,ah1 h[ ! worn  
n]ves ?rill   ,at ! vision ( ^? gre5    
pa/ures     ,& wat]s runn+ /ill6    ,b  
,i d>e n move nor foll[1     ,= out ( ! 
quiv]+ heat   ,ano!r vision arises      
,& d>k5s at my feet--    ,:ite faces    
worn ) ! fev]     ,t cr\*es ev]more   ,9
 ! c\rt & alley1 & seizes     ,! poor   
man at 8 door1    ,float up 9 my dream &
 call me1     ,& cry1 ,if ,*ri/ 7 "h    
,he _h n left u to p]i%     ,9 !        
fev]-heat ( ! ye>6    ,god kn[s h[ ,i   
ye>n = ! m\nta9s     ,& ! riv] t runs   
betwe56   ,ah1 well1 ,i c wait--& !     
pa/ures     ,( heav5 are always gre54   
,no "o w "q ! nobility ( s5tim5t 9 ^!   

simple l9es1 & !y are ! g5u9e expression
 ( ! man4  ,9 8 case1 h[ev] slight may  
be 8 claim to be call$ a poet1 t h>de/  
te/ ( ! poet is fulfill$3--     ,! gods 
exact = song   ,to become :at we s+4    
,x w be imag9$ t a man ( ?is ord] w\ld  
view my retreat f ,london ) disfav\r4   
,he ?\ght me guilty ( a k9d ( social    
p]fidy4  ,no d\bt ! ,e>ne/ ,good ,p1 =  
:om ,i h ! greate/ rev]5ce1 w agree 9 ! 
same v]dict4  ,a lett] receiv$ dur+ !   
la/ few days f my fri5d puts ! case )   
su* =ce1 & yet ) su* good-feel+1 t ,i w 
transcribe a "p ( x4  ',i confess1' he  
writes1 't ! pleasures ( life among !   
m\nta9s leaves me cold4  ,x is n t ,i am
 incapable ( ! same k9d ( pleasure1 b1 z
 y "k1 ,i h o!r ideas conc]n+ ! uses (  
life4  ,i _c enjoy sunsets :ile m5 &    
wom5 are />v+4  ,! ?\ght ( all ! mis]y (
 life = multitudes w\ld1 z ,rossetti    
puts x1 make a gobl9 ( ! sun4  ,y us$ to
 be v eloqu5t aga9/ good m5 :o liv$ only
 = _! own pleasure2 are n y y\rself liv+
 9 ! same way8  ,i h he>d y declaim     

aga9/ ! gross selfi%ness ( ,goe!'s aim 9
 life--to build ! pyramid ( 8 own       
intellectual culture2 are n y1 9 y\r own
 way1 pursu+ ! same ideal8  ,i h he>d y 
say t no?+ s belittl$ ,goe! 9 y\r       
judgm5t z ! fact t he 0 de/itute (      
patriotism2 he dwelt at ease among 8    
books1 :ile 8 c\ntry p]i%$ & felt no    
pang2 & y live y\r joy\s life among !   
hills1 & h =gott5 ! ,golgo?as on :i* !  
poor ( ,london endure _! unpiti$        
m>tyrdom4 ,y are do+ good to y\rself1 no
 d\bt2 b is x n a bett] ?+ to be do+    
good to o!rs8  ,i m>vel t y c sleep at  
peace amid ! wail+ ( ! _w4  ,i _c1 & ,i 
?ank ,god ,i _c4  ',:at y d n seem to   
realise is t all our acts mu/ be judg$ n
 only f ! p]sonal1 b f ! collective     
/&po9t4 ,suppose all m5 foll[$ y\r      
example1 :at w\ld happ58  ,:y1 cities   
w\ld soon become ! m]e refuse-heaps ( ! 
unfit4  ,! drudges w\ld rema91 ! capta9s
 ( indu/ry w\ld be gone4  ,!re w\ld be  
no leav5 ( high] intellig5ce left1 no   
/&>d ( mann]s1 no?+ t c\ld set ! rhy?m (

 life4  ,?is is too mu* ! case already4 
,! m]*ant1 ! writ]1 ! man ( weal? &     
culture1 live z f> z !y c f ! /ruggl+   
cr[d4  ,y w\ld ext5d ! process1 & make x
 possible = ! cl]k z well z ! m]*ant4   
,if y\r new gospel ( a return to ,nature
 succe$s1 we %all soon see ! univ]sal   
exodus ( ! be/ intellectual & physical  
units ( ! community4 ,b y =get t "s     
millions w rema9 beh9d1 :o _c flee4 ,h y
 no obligations to ^!8  ',besides ?is1 y
 d n seem to p]ceive t ! ultimate drift 
( ! new gospel is t[>d an>*y4  ,! return
 to nature is practically a return to   
b>b>ism4  ,y w\ld h all m5 cont5t s long
 z !y grew en\gh potatoes = _! daily    
ne$s4  ,y w\ld h ,engl& return to !     
conditions ( ! ,saxon hept>*y4  ,ea* man
 w\ld squat ^u 8 cle>+ 9 ! =e/1 ignobly 
indep5d5t1 brutally cont5t4 ,!re w\ld be
 no long] t /ruggle = life :i* develops 
capacity1 t urg+ onw>d ( ! flood ( life 
:i* cuts = itself new *annels1 t passion
 = bett]m5t :i* means progress4  ,y save
 y\rself f ! collisions ( life2 b x is 9

 su* collisions t ! f9e/ fires are /ruck
 out ( ! he>t ( humanity4  ,aga91 ,i    
say1 any c\rse ( action mu/ be judg$ by 
its collective effect be=e x c be       
rightly und]/ood4  ,x is n ! individual 
t c\nts1 b ! race4  ,a good = !         
individual is n p]missible unless x is a
 good also = ! race4  ,i d n admit t y\r
 new way ( life is an entire good = y1 =
 ,i believe y mu/ 9 "t suff] f y\r      
isolation2 b ev5 if ,i did admit x1 ,i  
%\ld d5y y\r "r to x1 if 9 its l>ge     
effects x means an ill = ! race4 ,w\ld y
 v5ture to say t ! race w\ld pr(it by x 
if y\r example 7 l>gely imitat$8  ,i ?9k
 y d>e n say s mu*1 = y mu/ be aw>e t ! 
g5]al des]tion ( cities w\ld mean !     
decay ( comm]ce & ( ! arts1 ! arre/ (   
progress1 & national dis9tegration4  ,& 
if y\r own p]sonal example w\ld be> only
 evil fruit 7 x elevat$ to a law ( life1
 x /&s condemn$4  ',= my own "p1 ,i am  
:]e y left me4  ,i am 9 ! same          
rooms--dull1 /uffy1 inconv5i5t--y "k all
 ab\t !m4  ,i brea! quantities ( bad air

 e day1 & see a hundr$ ?+s t di/ress me4
  ,i g ?ree nights a week to ! room 9   
,lucraft's ,r[2 /ruggle ) ! "y b>b>ians 
( ! slums1 & am cont5t if ,i see b a few
 signs ( ord] evolv+ !mselves out (     
*aos4  ,a week ago ,i 0 knock$ d[n by a 
ruffian1 :o came next day to apologise  
on ! ?ree-fold gr\nd t he 0 drunk1 t he 
did n "k x 0 me he /ruck1 & t if he _h  
kn[n he nev] w\ld h done x4  ,my ruffian
 0 v p5it5t4  ,he has s9ce sign$ ! pl$ge
 & is my firm fri5d4  ,i *as$ him out ( 
a public-h\se la/ night1 & made him come
 home to my lodg+s ) me1 :]e ,i gave him
 c(fee1 & sang songs to him4  ,he foll[$
 all my movem5ts ) ! big wi/ful eyes ( a
 dog4  ,!re 7 te>s 9 ^? eyes :5 he bade 
me good-night4 ,he bru%$ !m away ) a    
dirty h&1 & said1 ,i "k ,i c keep       
/raight n[1 sir1 because y are my pal1 &
 ,i a9't a-go+ aga9/ ! wi%es ( my pal6  
,?is morn+ he left a p9eapple at ! door 
= me--he is a co/]1 & p9eapples are *eap
 j n[4  ,i felt m pleasure ?an ,i c say2
 ,i c\ld h sung ov] my "w all day1 s    

glad 0 ,i4  ,my de> fell[1 don't ?9k ,i 
speak ph>isaically--y "k me too well2 b 
,i d believe ,i got m g5u9e pleasure out
 ( my exp]i5ce ) ?is r\gh fell[ ?an y w 
ev] get out ( y\r sunsets4  ,lucraft's  
,r[ is a dull place en\gh1 b :5 a ray ( 
light does %9e into x1 x br+s ) x m ?an 
common joy4  ',my objection to y\r new  
mode ( life is t x is entirely          
self-c5tr$4  ,!re is no projection (    
y\rself into o!r lives4 ,y are          
contribut+ no?+ to ! common /ock ( moral
 ef=t4  ,y are simply m>oon$4  ,x alt]s 
no?+ t y h m>oon$ y\rself "u conditions 
t please & cont5t y4  ,i ?9k t if ,i 7  
m>oon$ ^u ! faire/ isl& ( ! ,s\!rn      
,seas1 :]e ,i _h b to bask 9 ! sun%9e & 
/ret* out my h& to f9d delightful food1 
!re w\ld be /ill some?+ 9 my lot :i* ,i 
%\ld f9d intol]able4  ,i %\ld sp5d my   
days ^u ! isl&'s l(tie/ crag1 wat*+ = a 
sail4  ,! ?\ght ( a ?\s& %ips n f> away1
 ru%+ r\nd ! globe1 ) ?rob ( pi/on1     
crack ( cordage1 /ra9 ( timb]1 buffet+ (
 waves1 & %\t+ crews1 w\ld drive me     

di/ract$4  ,:at to me 7 blue skies & s(t
 w9ds :5 ,i might be %>] 9 ?is elem5tal 
/rife8  ,h[ %\ld ,i covet1 9 all ?is    
adorable & dete/$ beauty ( my solit>y   
isle1 ! grey skies t look$ on human     
ef=t1 ! viol5t w9d1 ! ro>+ waves1 !     
muscles crack+ at ! cap/an1 ! /rong     
exhil>ation ( p]il1 ef=t1 conflict1 & ! 
glory ( h\rly contiguity ) dea?6  ,x 0 s
 ,ulysses felt3     ,h[ dull x is to    
pause1 to make an end1   ,to ru/        
unburni%$1 n to %9e 9 use4   ,x 0 s he  
resolv$     ,to foll[ k l a s9k+ />1    
99      99      99      99      99   ,to
 /rive1 to seek1 to f9d1 & n to yield4  
,y w n "q t ! s5tim5t is manly4  ,is !re
 n !n some?+ t is unmanly 9 ! opposite  
s5tim5t8  ,or1 to be pla91 my fri5d1 is 
x n lack ( c\rage :i* has driv5 y f u1  
lack ( h]oic temp]1 lack ( t div9e &    
primitive in/9ct :i* takes a frolic     
welcome 9 ! ?und] & ! sun%9e1 9 !       
conflict & ! /ress ( life8  ',i believe 
t we are b\nd to be ! los]s by any      
wilful sep>ation f our k9d4  ,?is 0 !   

case ) ! m$iaeval monks & ascetics2 !y  
lo/ f> m ?an !y ga9$ f _! sep>ation f ! 
common life ( ! p4  ,x is ! same /ill ) 
v ri* folk :o are able to evade ! h>%   
conscription ( life2 9 evad+ !          
conscription ( life !y inv>iably        
det]iorate 9 physical & m5tal fibre4  ,i
 c conceive no?+ m ru9\s to a "y man ?an
 t he %\ld h j en\gh money to make !    
toil = bread unnecess>y4  ,m lives h be5
 spoil$ by compet5ce ?an by pov]ty2     
inde$1 ,i d\bt :e!r pov]ty has any      
effect at all ^u a /rong "*1 except z a 
/imulus to ex]tion4  ,life be+ :at x is1
 we %\ld take x z we f9d x3 we ga9 no?+ 
by go+ out ( our way to f9d an easi]    
pa?4  ,! beat5 road is safe/4  ,! man :o
 boldly says1 ,let me "k ! fulness (    
life2 let me ta/e all t x has to pres5t 
( vicissitude1 joy1 sorr[1 lab\r1       
/ruggle2 let me "k all t common p       
endure1 & endure ) !m2 let me be no     
exception to ! common rule1 enjoy no    
special privilege1 ask = no immunity f  
?+s h>% & disagreeable--! man :o ?9ks & 

acts ?us is ! man :o gets ! be/ & mo/   
out ( life4  ,b y1 my fri5d1 h simply   
copi$ ! old monks 9 ! arrangem5t ( y\r  
life4  ,!re is no?+ novel 9 y\r action1 
?\gh j n[ y\r egoism is gratifi$ by !   
s5se ( novelty & orig9ality4  ,y h      
simply gone out ( ! _w to escape ! evil 
( ! _w4  ,y h b\ght y\rself out ( !     
conscription ( life4  ,y h yet to answ] 
me "o "q3 are y ! bett] = x8  ,t "q _c  
be answ]$ 9 a day4  ,t5 ye>s h5ce y w be
 able to tell me some?+ ab\t x1 & ,i    
%all be mu* surpris$ if y d n !n report 
m ( loss ?an ga94  ,no man ev] yet held 
alo( f 8 k9d )\t pay+ ! price 9 n>r[]   
sympa?ies1 a n>r[] bra91 & a n>r[] he>t4
  ,! et]nal _s ( ,progress :i* works    
?r\gh\t ! univ]se nev] fails to puni% ! 
des]t]1 & ! mo/ common puni%m5t is      
atrophy4  ,n to submit to ! process (   
evolution is to fall d[n ! long slope ( 
deg5]acy4  ',y d n ne$ to be told t !   
entire hi/ory ( nations confirms ?is    
rule4  ,! greate/ nations are ^? :i* h  
f\nd life mo/ difficult1 & !y h ?riv5 on

 _! difficulties4  ,! s(t climate1 :i*  
r$uces toil to a m9imum1 inv>iably means
 ! en]vat$ race4  ,"u ! h>% skies (     
,brita9 a great race has be5 tra9$ to   
great exploits2 b :at "p h ! isl&s ( !  
,s\? ,pacific ev] play$ 9 human hi/ory8 
,give man a difficulty to ov]come1 & he 
at once puts =? 8 /r5g?2 difficulty is 8
 spiritual gymnasium4  ,impose on him no
 ne$ ( ex]tion1 & he w rot out1 j z !   
races ( ! ,s\? ,pacific are rott+ out4  
,i w\ld measure ! future ( a man1 or ( a
 nation1 by ?is simple te/2 d !y        
habitually *oose ! easi] or ! h>d] pa? =
 !mselves8 ,! nation t *ooses ! h>d pa?1
 t is n afraid ( ! burd5 ( empire1 t    
glories 9 ! /rife = primacy & is n      
afraid to pay ! price ( primacy 9       
incr$ible ex]tion1 9 blood & sacrifice1 
is ! nation t %all possess ! e>?4  ,& is
 x n s ) m58  ,"h1 aga91 ,i press home !
 ne$ = consid]+ "o's actions 9 _!       
collective aspect4  ,y\r c\rse ( life is
 easily imitable3 w\ld y h x imitat$8   
,!re are ?\s&s ( m5 9 ,london :o c\ld   

readily retire into a peaceful life     
to-morr[1 on t]ms m fav\rable ?an y\rs4 
,e man possess$ ( a hundr$ p\nds a ye>  
c\ld d x4  ,yet !re are pl5ty ( old m51 
) ample =tunes1 :o nev] dream ( do+ x4  
,!y /ick to _! po/s & !y die at !m4  ,& 
x is by su* m5 t ! great ma*9]y ( social
 life1 ( comm]ce1 ( national progress is
 kept go+4  ',y w\ld say1 p]haps1 t !y  
are simply sacrific+ ! f9] pleasures (  
life to ! fanaticism ( "w2 ah1 b !y are 
also sacrific+ !m = ! good ( !          
community4  ,if ! great surgeon or      
physician bolt$ f 8 duties ! mom5t he _h
 acquir$ money en\gh to buy a cottage1 y
 w\ld say he _h no "r to rob mank9d ( 8 
skill & s]vice to please himself4  ,h y 
t "r8  ,& if ! :ole nation act$ 9 ?is   
_s1 h[ long w\ld ! nation hold its place
 ( p[] & influ5ce8  ,9 less ?an a c5tury
 we %\ld be z ! ,hott5tots4  ,we %\ld be
 driv5 out be=e ! advance ( m en]getic  
races1 j z ! ,hott5tots2 :o once        
possess$ ,s\!rn ,europe & ,egypt1 h be5 
=c$ back into ! ,african wild]ness1 :]e 

!y live a life t is cont5t ) !          
gratification ( ! mo/ primitive1 ! mo/  
be/ial1 wants4  ,x is no excuse to say t
 ! action ( "o man c h b little influ5ce
 ^u ! tr5d ( life 9 a :ole nation4  ,!  
m]e/ unit 9 ! sum1 ! ciph] ev51 has p[] 
to *ange ! total4  ,! /r5g? ( wisdom 9 !
 majority ( a nation may be m ?an       
suffici5t to-day to c\nt]act ! folly ( !
 unit2 b !re is always ! *ance t ! folly
 ( ! individual may 9 "t prevail aga9/ !
 exp]i5ce ( ! wise1 & p]v]t ! nation4   
,at all ev5ts1 we ought to consid] su*  
possibilities be=e we hold ourselves    
free to d z we please 9 contempt ( g5]al
 cu/om4  ',d n be angry ) me :5 ,i say t
 to me y\r flight f ,london appe>s only 
an illu/ration ( t c[>dice ab\t life :i*
 is s common to-day4  ,m5 are v mu*     
afraid ( life to-day2 afraid ( its      
responsibilities & duties2 afraid (     
m>riage & ! burd5 ( *ildr52 & n alone = 
! old are !re fe>s 9 ! way1 b ev5 ! "y  
m5 fa9t & gr[ we>y4  ',i c und]/&       
,/ev5son fly+ to ! ,s\? ,seas2 x 0 "p ( 

8 prolong$ duel ) dea?4  ,b 8 he>t 0 9 !
 ,highl&s1 & c\ld he h *os51 8 feet w\ld
 h trodd5 to old age ! grey /reets (    
,ed9burgh4  ,y\r flight is altoge!r     
diff]5t4  ,y h no real excuse 9         
ill-heal?4  ,y h simply fall5 sick ) a  
di/a/e = cities4  ,y h _h a bad dream1 &
 y are fright5$4 ,i love y /ill2 ,i c\nt
 y fri5d /ill2 b ,i _c call y brave4    
',o my fri5d1 if ,i h said any?+ t s\nds
 unfri5dly1 d n believe x ( me2 d n d\bt
 t ,i love y4  ,i ?9k ,i %\ld n h writt5
 ?us b t 9 y\r la/ lett] y express$ pity
 = me1 & t /ung me1 ,i confess4  ,& s ,i
 retort1 y see1 by pity+ y1 :i* is n    
admirable 9 me4  ,!re=e let me say1 if y
 c>e /ill to please me1 d n1 9 any fur!r
 lett]s y may write1 ev] express ! lea/ 
pity = me4  ,q hone/ly ,i say ,i d n ne$
 pity1 = ,i am p]fectly happy4  ,9 giv+ 
all ! "t & money ,i c sp>e to ! poor 9  
,lucraft's ,r[1 ,i h really r5\nc$ no?+2
 or1 if ,i h1 ,i am s unconsci\s (      
sacrifice t ,i c only say ) ,br[n+3     
,r5\nce joy = ?y fell['s sake8   ,t's   

joy beyond joy6   ,!re are half a doz5  
ragg$ boys :o love me3 !re are tw5ty m  
:o w d s 9 "t2 & !re is my drunk5 fri5d 
) ! dog's eyes1 :o looks to me to save  
him f ! pit2 :at m c ,i ask8 ,fog &     
mire1 grime & drudg]y1 ^! nev] tr\ble   
me1 because ,i see ,lucraft's ,r[1 lit )
 a />1 wait+ = me at ! end ( e day4 ,& !
 /> is gr[+ bigg] & bright]1 = x %9es   
ov] a t9y obscure ,be?lehem :]e ! ,s\l  
is gett+ itself born 9 a few humble     
he>ts4  ,to be p]mitt$ to see ?is       
miracle1 to assi/ 9 ?is inc>nation ( !  
,s\l ( ! ,p1 is its own exce$+ great    
rew>d2 & ,i may be envi$1 b nev] piti$4'
  ,s ran ! lett] ( my fri5d1 & z ,i     
transcribe x ,i feel anew t x is an     
indictm5t n to be easily set aside4  ,i 
mu/ ?9k ov] :at ,i c reply to x4  ,x    
seems z ?\gh if he be "r 9 8 mode ( life
 ,i mu/ be wrong 9 m9e2 & yet may we n  
bo? be "r8  ,are we n see+ life f       
diff]5t angles8  ,yes1 ,i mu/ h "t =    
?\ght be=e ,i c reply to su* a lett]4   
,,*apt] ,,xii  ,,am ,i ,,"r8  ,i h giv5 

myself a week to ?9k ov] ! lett] ( my   
fri5d1 & ,i am n[ able to p]ceive t x is
 built ^u a numb] ( mo/ +5i\s fallacies4
  ,! *ief fallacy appe>s to be ?is--t he
 insi/s t ! race mu/ always c\nt = m ?an
 ! individual1 & t ! individual mu/ fall
 9 l9e & /ep ) ! av]age conv5tions ( !  
race at ! exp5se ( 8 own well-be+1 or be
 judg$ a des]t] & a recreant4  ,x is    
h>dly necess>y to po9t out t no doctr9e 
c\ld be m ho/ile to collective progress1
 because progress is n a collective     
movem5t1 b ! movem5t ( great individuals
 :o drag ! race aft] !m4  ,i d n        
recollect a s+le human re=m t has be5   
spontane\sly g5]at$ 9 ! he>t ( society  
itself2 x has always _h its beg9n+s 9 ! 
he>ts ( individuals4  ,?us ! ,re=mation 
is practically ,m>t9 ,lu!r1 !           
,evangelical revival is ,wesley1 ! ,ox=d
 ,movem5t is ,newman1 ,free ,trade is   
,cobd51 & s on ?r\gh a hundr$           
reg5]ations ( ?\ght1 morals1 & politics4
  ',! _w be+ :at x is1 we mu/ take x z  
we f9d x1' is a note ( quiet desp]ation4

  ,x is precisely because ! ,provid5ce (
 ,hi/ory has aga9 & aga9 rais$ up m5 :o 
7 incapable ( tak+ ! _w z !y f\nd x1 t  
reg5]ations & re=mations ( society h    
occurr$ at all4  ,society nev] moves    
=w>d except :5 x is goad$ by ! _s (     
individual g5ius4  ,s f> z we c trace ! 
hi/ory ( civilisation1 & ?anks to mod]n 
rese>* we h ab\t t5 ?\s& ye>s to g by1  
civilisation is a succession ( waves1   
ea* fl[+ a little high] ?an its         
pr$ecessor1 ) an ebb betwe5 ea*4 ,at :at
 po9t is ! ebb *eck$1 at :at po9t does !
 full] wave beg9 to fl[8  ,always ) !   
adv5t ( individual g5ius4  ,a great man 
rises :o f\nds a dyna/y2 a great ?9k]1  
:o publi%es new tru?s2 a great lawgiv]  
or /atesman1 :o e/abli%es a new social  
sy/em4  ,new worlds ne$ a ,columbus1 & !
 social ,columbus is always a man )     
suffici5t d>+ to /& by orig9al          
convictions4 ,!re=e ,i say t human      
progress is only made possible by n tak+
 ! _w z we f9d x2 & t he is ! be/ fri5d 
( collective progress :o is ! mo/ ob$i5t

 n to collective conv5tion1 b to        
individual insight4  ,i obs]ve t my     
fri5d does n live 9 ! _s ( 8 own axiom3 
else1 :y %\ld he tr\ble himself ov] !   
inhabitants ( ,lucraft's ,r[8  ,he is   
c]ta9ly n tak+ ! _w z he f9ds x :5 he   
devotes 8 h\rs ( leisure to imp>t !     
elem5ts ( dec5cy to gutt]-snipes1 & save
 drunk>ds f ! pit4  ,he is z mu* an     
individuali/ z ,i1 only 8 individualism 
expresses itself 9 a diff]5t way2 :i*   
confirms my orig9al conjecture t we may 
be equally "r 9 our own mode ( life4    
,nor1 by 8 own confession1 does he      
really sacrifice 8 incl9ations 9 8 mode 
( life2 he gratifies 8 s5se ( altruism 9
 ,lucraft's ,r[1 & ,i my love ( ,nature 
9 ! solitude ( lonely hills4  ,! objects
 :i* give m5 pleasure may be s div]se t 
:at is a s\rce ( joy to "o man may be an
 equal s\rce ( mis]y to ano!r4  ,!re c  
be no d\bt t _m ( ! m>tyrs & ascetics 7 
hone/ly enam\r$ ( pa9 & :atev] cr$it !y 
des]ve = sacrifice1 !y pleas$ !mselves  
by r5\nc+ ! _w1 z o!rs by enjoy+ x2 &   

all t c be said on ! subject is t ea*   
pleas$ himself 9 8 own way4  ,?oreau's  
def5ce :5 he 0 accus$ ( n do+ good 0 t x
 did n agree ) 8 con/itution2 & al?\gh !
 def5ce s\nds l a piece ( amus+         
cynicism1 x 0 9 reality a plea entirely 
j4  ,! common fault ( ! ,good ,e>ne/ ,p1
 z ( mo/ p1 is t !y c only conceive (   
do+ good aft] a patt]n :i* is cong5ial  
to !mselves4  ,b _! mode ( do+ good1    
:ile x suits !mselves admirably1 may n  
suit e con/itution1 & p ( a q diff]5t   
m5tal con/itution may be q z good z     
!mselves1 al?\gh x is aft] a v diff]5t  
patt]n4  ,?oreau did a va/ am\nt ( good 
by %[+ m51 9 8 own example1 t ! simple/ 
k9d ( life 0 compatible ) ! highe/      
intellectual aims2 w\ld he1 9 !         
long-run1 h s]v$ ! _w half z well _h he 
=c$ himself to live amid ! squalor ( a  
,new ,york slum8  ,are n we s mu* ! wis]
 & /rong] by ! lessons taught 9 ! hut   
beside ,wald5 ,pond1 t x w\ld be !      
poore/ comp5sation = _! loss to "k t    
,?oreau by d9t ( ef=t made himself a    

fairly effici5t city mission>y1 or      
pleas$ ! pundits ( a ,*>ity             
,organisation ,society8  ,or to take a  
yet m =cible example ( my mean+3 ,hood  
wrote ,! ,song ( ! ,%irt1 & ,wordswor?  
,! ,ode on ,intimations ( ,immortality2 
w\ld ei!r h ga9$ by an ex*ange ( lot8   
,! "o poem c\ld only h be5 writt5 by a  
man :o knew '! tragic he>t ( t[ns1' & ! 
o!r by ! man :o knew ! tranquil he>t (  
,nature2 b ,hood1 transport$ to         
,grasm]e1 w\ld h writt5 no?+1 &         
,wordswor? 9 ,fleet ,/reet is un?9kable4
  ,z x 01 ,de/9y took ! matt] 9 h&1 &   
hav+ m5 to "w ^u ^: fir/ pr9ciple ( life
 0 to fulfil & n to violate ! in/9cts ( 
_! own nature1 succe$$ 9 produc+ two    
poets :o s]v$ mank9d ea* 9 a way n      
possible to ! o!r4  ,i suspect !re is a 
great deal ( cant to be cle>$ out ( !   
m9d be=e we c become equitable judges ( 
:at do+ good really means4 ,i def9e do+ 
good z ! fulfilm5t ( our be/ in/9cts &  
faculties = ! be/ use ( mank9d2 b ,i d n
 expect t ! ,good ,e>ne/ ,p w accept ?is

 def9ition4  ,!y w\ld f9d x mu* too     
ca?olic1 simply because !y h le>n$ to   
atta* a specialis$ mean+ to ! phrase    
'do+ good1' :i* limits x to "s =m (     
active philan?ropy4  ,if !y w\ld b all[ 
a wid] vision ( life to pass be=e ! eye1
 !y w\ld see t !re are _m ways ( do+    
good besides ^? :i* satisfy _! own      
ideals4  ,x is a s+ul> ?+ t m5 f9d x v  
difficult to live lives ( *>ity )\t     
*]i%+ un*>itable temp]s t[>ds ^? :o d n 
live precisely z !y !mselves d4  ,=     
in/ance1 ! busy philan?ropi/1 nobly eag]
 to br+ a little happ9ess into ! grey   
lives ( ! dis9h]it$1 (t5 has ! poore/   
op9ion ( arti/s & noveli/s1 :o appe> to 
him to live useless lives4  ,b :5 ,turn]
 pa9ts a picture l ! ,fight+ ,tem]aire  
,t[$ to ,h] ,la/ ,b]?1 :i* is de/9$ to  
/ir g5]\s ?\ghts 9 multitudes ( he>ts   
long aft] 8 dea?3 or :5 ,scott writes   
novels :i* h increas$ ! sum ( human     
happ9ess = a c5tury1 is n ea* do+ good (
 ! r>e/1 highe/1 & mo/ endur+ k9d8  ,!  
fulfilm5t ( "o's be/ in/9cts &          

faculties1 = ! be/ use ( mank9d1 is n   
only ! complete/1 b also ! only         
available =m ( philan?ropy4  ,s9ce      
,nature has *os5 to end[ u ) div]se     
faculties1 our s]vice ( mank9d mu/ be   
div]se too4  ,9 a ^w1 do+ good is a mu* 
l>g] bus9ess ?an ! ord9>y philan?ropi/  
imag9es2 x has _m bran*es & a ?\s& =ms2 
& !y are n always do+ ! mo/ :o seem !   
busie/1 nor d ^? accompli% mo/ 9 !      
alleviation ( human mis]y ^: contact ) x
 is ! close/4  ,dur+ ! la/ ye> ( my life
 9 ,london ,i came into contact ) a     
brilliant "y ,ox=d man1 :o _h manife/   
tal5ts = oratory1 lead]%ip1 & lit]ature4
  ,he 0 9 se>* ( a c>e]1 & be+ a y\? (  
quick sympa?ies & v g5]\s in/9cts1 he 0 
soon caught 9 ! tide ( a c]ta9 social   
movem5t1 ^: *ief aim 0 to induce p]sons 
( culture to live among ! v poore/ ( !  
poor4 ,! lead] ( ?is movem5t 0 a man (  
beautifully unselfi% temp]1 b ( no /rik+
 intellectual gifts2 ap>t f a c]ta9     
orig9ality ( "*1 :i* 0 ! fruit ( ?is    
unselfi% temp]1 he 0 q commonplace 9    

m9d1 & c\ld h aspir$ to no high] rank 9 
life ?an an hon\rable place among !     
inf]ior cl]gy4  ,he attract$ ?is        
brilliant y\?1 h[ev]2 a y\? :o _h be5   
presid5t ( ! ,ox=d ,union1 & _h tak5 a  
d\ble fir/ 9 classics1 = :om di/9ction 9
 life seem$ inevitable4  ,! end 0 t 8   
conv]t jo9$ :at 0 really a lay ord] (   
social & religi\s s]vice4  ,he liv$     
among ! slums ( ,holborn1 devot$ himself
 to ! in/ruction ( ! *ildr5 ( ! gutt]1  
kept ! acc\nts ( coal & blanket clubs1 &
 accept$ *e]fully all ! drudg]y (       
philan?ropy among ! poor4  ,mo/ p1 ,i am
 q aw>e1 w say t ?is is a v noble       
example ( r5unciation2 s x is1 & z su*  
,i c admire x4 ,b is !re no?+ else to be
 consid]$8  ,may n ! sociologi/ ask :e!r
 a man is s]v+ society 9 ! be/ way by   
refus+ to use 8 be/ gifts 9 ! only      
direction 9 :i* !y c\ld h full play8  ,=
 _m ye>s ?is y\? _h tra9$ himself = a   
p>ticul> "p 9 life :i* few c\ld fill2 he
 might h influ5c$ ! c\ncils ( 8 nation  
by 8 p[]s ( debate1 ! m9d ( 8 nation by 

8 gift ( lit]ature2 he %\ld h /ood be=e 
k+s & spok5 to s*ol>s2 yet all ^! high  
utilities 7 ext+ui%$ 9 ord] t he might d
 some?+ :i* a man ) only a t5? "p ( 8   
gifts might h done q z well4  ,?9k ( !  
picture2 a s*ol> :o nev] op5s a book1 an
 orator :o addresses only co/]s &       
"w-girls1 a writ] :o writes no?+1 a     
lead] ( m5 :o ex]ts no public influ5ce2 
& :at is ?is wilful de/ruction ( high   
faculties b social wa/e & robb]y8  ,no  
d\bt he is do+ good2 b w\ld n ! good he 
might h done h be5 f> wid]1 _h he foll[$
 ! l9e ( 8 natural gifts1 & occupi$ !   
place 9 life = :i* ^? gifts obvi\sly    
fitt$ him8  ,?is /ory is a p]t95t       
example ( ! cant ( ,do+ ,good4  ,by all 
means let ^? live among ! poor & "w = _!
 bett]m5t :o h a di/9ct vocation = !    
task2 b x is n a vocation = all4  ,i    
object to ! spectacle ( a late presid5t 
( ! ,ox=d ,union giv+ up 8 life to !    
managem5t ( coal & blanket clubs1 j z ,i
 object to ! spectacle ( a ?or\gh-br$   
racehorse h>ness$ to a dray4  ,x is a   

wa/e ( p[]4  ,b ! ,good ,e>ne/ ,p nev]  
see ?is side ( ?+s1 because !y are      
afflict$ ) n>r[ness ( vision4  ,!y admit
 no def9ition ( do+ good b _! own4  ,!y 
_c see t ! man :o passes f a di/+ui%$   
,univ]sity c>e] to a di/+ui%$ public    
life may d m = ! poor by 8 p51 by 8 p[] 
( awak5+ sympa?y1 by ! opportunity t may
 be 8 to obta9 ! rev]sal ( unju/ laws or
 ! e/abli%m5t ( good laws1 ?an he ev]   
c\ld h done by liv+ 9 a slum z ! fri5d &
 help] ( a small gr\p ( ne$y m5 & wom54 
,decisive victories are won m (t5 by    
lat]al movem5ts ?an by frontal attacks4 
,! wave ( =ce :i* travels on a circle   
may arrive ) m ?rill+ impact on a po9t (
 contact ?an t :i* travels on a         
horizontal l9e4  ,society is be/ s]v$   
aft] all by ! fulle/ developm5t ( our   
be/ faculties2 & :e!r we *eck ?is       
developm5t f pi\s or selfi% motives1 !  
result is /ill ! same2 we h robb$       
society ( its pr(it by u1 :i* is ! wor/ 
k9d ( evil :i* we c inflict on !        
community4  ,if ?is /atem5t ( social    

obligation is admitt$ z correct1 mo/ (  
my fri5d's /rictures on my conduct      
dissolve into m]e h>mless rhetoric4  ,= 
in/ance1 he says ,i h 'm>oon$' myself1 &
 goes on to draw a fancy picture ( a    
,s\? ,sea ,isl&]1 cont5t ) laz9ess &    
sun%9e1 intimat+ t ?is is ! k9d ( life  
:i* ,i h *os54  ,on ! contr>y my life is
 :at mo/ city m5 w\ld call a h>d life4  
,i "w h>d e day1 ! only diff]5ce betwe5 
my "w & !irs be+ t my "w is natural1    
:olesome1 & pleasant1 :ile !irs is      
drudg]y4  ,9 :at am ,i m selfi% ?an !   
av]age citiz51 :o aft] all is do+ j :at 
,i am do+1 viz4 work+ = 8 liv+8  ,my    
fri5d w\ld h me believe t ! man :o toils
 9 cities does s f exalt$ motives4  ,he 
is be>+ ! weight ( empire1 assi/+ 9 !   
gr[? ( ,briti% comm]ce1 & g5]ally s]v+ !
 cause ( national progress1 :ile ,i sit 
9 ignoble indep5d5ce on my own potato   
pat*4  ,i h kn[n a good _m m5 engag$ 9 !
 l[] ranks ( comm]ce1 b ,i h yet to meet
 "o :o is influ5c$ 9 ! lea/ by ^!       
highly-col\r$ motives & ideals4 ,!y are 

int5t on e>n+ _! liv+1 no m4  ,_! int]e/
 9 comm]ce is precisely conf9$ to :at !y
 c get out ( x4  ,!y be> j z little ( ! 
burd5 ( ! ,empire z ! tax-ga!r] w p]mit 
!m4  ,!re is n "o ( !m :o w\ld n object 
) vig\r to take a s+le %ill+ less p]    
week = ! sake ( progress1 or any cause t
 might arrogate t title4  ,besides1 x is
 surely a piece ( undilut$ ,cockney     
egoism to suppose t ! only p]sons :o d  
_! duty by ! ,empire are ,london]s4  ,we
 are /ill an agricultural c\ntry1 & !re 
are "s millions ( p :o live ^u ! l&4    
,!y d "s k9d ( "w1 :i* "o may suppose is
 ( "s utility & value to ! nation2 :y   
%\ld _! k9d ( "w be despis$8  ,!y also  
pay taxes1 give an equival5t ( lab\r =  
_! keep1 re> *ildr51 educate !m1 & s5d  
!m out to be ( "s s]vice to ! ,/ate2 :at
 does ! dwell] 9 cities d m ?an ^!8  ,if
 ,i 7 dispos$ to argue ! "q1 ,i %\ld    
cont5d t ! man :o gets a bu%el ( corn or
 a sack ( good potatoes out ( ! l& has  
add$ a m real asset to ! weal? ( !      
community1 & !re=e des]ves m praise f ! 

commonweal?1 ?an all ! tribe (          
/ockbrok]s s9ce ! _w began2 = ^! lords (
 weal?1 :o reign supreme 9 cities1      
produce no?+4  ,b s9ce my fri5d is fond 
( quot+ ,br[n+1 ,i also w quote him1 &  
let ! poet say 9 ! fla% ( ?ree l9es :at 
! dialectician w\ld ne$ a page to say3  
,all s]vice ranks ! same ) ,god1--      
,god's puppets1 be/ & wor/1   ,are we3  
!re is no la/ nor fir/1   ,( c\rse !re  
is no disput+ ! g5]al tru? ( ! /atem5t t
 nations are develop$ by ! call made ^u 
_! en]gies by difficulty1 & _! p[] (    
response to t call4  ,b :y %\ld su* a   
/atem5t be con/ru$ into a reproa* on my 
mode ( life8  ,if my fri5d1 :o is       
probably sitt+ 9 a com=table (fice at   
?is mom5t1 add+ up figures :i* he c\ld d
 almo/ ) 8 eyes %ut1 w\ld condesc5d to  
visit my potato pat*1 he w\ld f9d call  
en\gh ^u 8 en]gy4  ,i h almo/ brok5 my  
back1 & c]ta9ly bli/]$ my h&s1 = ! la/  
f\r h\rs 9 hoe+ my potato tr5*es into   
good level l9es1 & ,i h /ill an h\r's "w
 at we$+ to d be=e ,i c satisfy myself t

 ,i h e>n$ my d9n]4  ,i c assure him t  
bread-fruit does n gr[ on my l&1 nor am 
,i 9 dang] ( be+ corrupt$ by a too easy 
means ( subsi/5ce4  ,! wor/ crime t c be
 alleg$ aga9/ me is t ,i h *ang$ my     
occupation 9 life1 b ,i am v f> f be+   
unoccupi$4  ,! occupation :i* ,i n[     
foll[ is ! mo/ anci5t & mo/ hon\rable 9 
! _w2 ,i believe t ,adam foll[$ x4  ,is 
x n a curi\s irony ^u civilisation1 t x 
has s fill$ ! m9d ) artificial e/imates 
( "w1 t a =m ( "w :i* is /ill practis$  
by ! great majority ( ! _w's inhabitants
 is sc>cely reg>d$ z "w at all by !     
insol5t m9ority ( mank9d :o happ5 to    
live 9 cities8  ,b ,i h long obs]v$ t   
!re is a univ]sal t5d5cy 9 m5 only to   
reg>d z "w ! peculi> sort ( "w :i* !y   
!mselves d2 & s ! artisan supposes he is
 ! only g5u9e 'work+ man1' & ! %opkeep] 
?9ks ! life ( ! pr(essional man a piece 
( organis$ idl5ess1 & ! tradition appe>s
 in]adicable t all ! cl]gy1 f bi%ops    
d[nw>ds1 nev] "w at all because !y d n  
sit 9 (fices4  ,x is ( a piece ) ! !ory 

( 'do+ good'2 = all m5 are bigots :5 !y 
attempt to measure ! univ]sal life ( m5 
by _! own little egoi/ic /&>ds4  ,z to t
 impos+ axiom1 t all our actions mu/ be 
measur$ by _! collective effects1 ,i    
he>tily agree to x1 because x is        
precisely "h t ,i ?9k my case is        
/ronge/4  ,i d n1 ( c\rse1 invite all m5
 to foll[ my example by return+ to :at  
my fri5d calls 'b>b>ism1' & !re is s    
little dang] ( any su* cata/rophe t x is
 n wor? :ile discuss+ x4  ,b if any     
consid]able numb] ( m5 %\ld ?9k my      
example good1 ,i w\ld n det] !m f foll[+
 x1 because ,i believe t no great]      
s]vice c\ld be done to society ?an to   
multiply ! numb] ( individuals :o pref] 
a simple to an artificial exi/5ce1 :o   
are will+ to live lives ( hone/ lab\r & 
entire cont5tm5t1 :o w c>e n at all =   
ri*es1 b w sp5d _! utmo/ c>e ^u _!      
virtues1 :o w c\nt 'self-possession1' ! 
be/ ( all possessions1 & ! p[] ( liv+ 9 
,god's _w 9 *e]ful happ9ess & mode/     
usefulness ! real programme ( life :i*  

,god has set be=e all ,8 *ildr51 & :i*  
alone is wor? our hope & /ruggle4  ,!   
basis ( all good citiz5%ip is physical &
 moral heal?4  ,heal? is really :ol5ess1
 & s we get ! ^w hol9ess1 = all ^! words
 are products ( ! same idea4  ,:at      
s]vice to ! race c be great]1 bo? 9 its 
pres5t value & its ultimate effect1 ?an 
to produce m5 & wom5 bo? physically &   
morally :ole8  ,x is no d\bt a duty to d
 all we c to help ! unfit1 & assi/ !    
infirm2 b x is bett] wisdom & a tru]    
duty to produce ! fit & ! :ole4  ,9 !   
degree t ,i am bett] equipp$ z a man1 ,i
 am bett] equipp$ z a memb] ( !         
commonweal?4  ,all que/ions ( do+ good  
are second>y to ! "q ( be+ good2 & to be
 good is b a synonym ( moral :ol5ess4   
,if a nation c succe$ 9 produc+ effici5t
 human creatures1 effici5t fir/ ( all 9 
body1 because t is ! basis ( all        
effici5cy ( m9d1 & w1 & en]gy1 !re w be 
no "q ( effici5t citiz5%ip4  ,z = me1 ,i
 h f\nd ! means ( a m effici5t manhood  
by a return to a simple & a natural     

life2 & !re=e ,i am q will+ to submit my
 action to ! te/ ( collective example1  
believ+ t ! m widely x is imitat$1 !    
bett] w x be = ! happ9ess & well-be+ (  
my nation1 & ( ! _w4  ,! be/ way ( do+  
good t ,i c devise is to make myself an 
effici5t memb] ( society2 & x is obvi\s 
t if e man did ?is !re w\ld be v little 
"w = ! pr(essional philan?ropi/4  ,x is 
n help t m5 ne$ mo/1 b opportunity4     
,philan?ropy is1 = ! mo/ "p1 engag$ 9   
pat*+ up ! sick anaemic body ( society2 
:i* is equival5t to m9imis+ ! di/ress ( 
ill-heal? )\t produc+ good heal?4  ,!   
wise physician kn[s v well t no am\nt ( 
m$ic9e w d mu* = ! anaemic *ild2 :at !  
*ild wants is room to gr[4  ,we h social
 physicians 9 pl5ty1 ea* ) 8 own        
p>ticul> m$ic9e1 b all ( !m toge!r h    
said no?+ half s wise z ^! two l9es (   
,walt ,:itman3     ,n[ ,i see ! secret (
 ! mak+ ( ! be/ p]sons2   ,x is to gr[ 9
 ! op5 air1 & to eat & sleep ) ! e>?4   
,to create ! be/ p]sons is to accompli% 
a s]vice = society :i* is durable1 &    

!re=e is ! only real good4  ,i claim t  
?is is :at ,i h tri$ to d 9 my own case1
 & 9 no o!r way c\ld ,i dis*>ge my      
obligation to society s well4           
,economically consid]$ ,i am n[ a       
pr(itable asset to society4  ,i d a     
man's "w e day1 & ,i e>n my keep4  ,:5 !
 "t comes = my *ildr5 to g out into life
 !y w take ) !m good !ws & muscles1 s\nd
 bodies1 & well-furni%$ m9ds4  ,i imag9e
 t ?is is ab\t z good a contribution to 
! cause ( ,progress1 ! s]vice (         
,comm]ce1 & ! ma9t5ance ( ,empire1 z any
 "o man c make4     ,,*apt] ,,xiii  ,,! 
,,city ,,( ,,! ,,future  ,aft] f\r ye>s'
 exp]im5t 9 ,que/ ( ! ,simple ,life ,i  
am 9 a position to /ate c]ta9           
conclusions1 :i* are suffici5tly        
au?oritative ) me to sugge/ t !y may h  
"s weight ) my read]s4  ,^! conclusions 
,i w briefly recapitulate4  ,! *ief     
discov]y :i* ,i h made is t man may lead
 a p]fectly hon\rable1 suffic+1 & ev5   
joy\s exi/5ce ^u a v small income4      
,money plays a "p 9 human exi/5ce mu*   

less important ?an we suppose4  ,! be/  
boon t money c be/[ ^u u is indep5d5ce4 
,h[ mu* money d we ne$ to secure        
indep5d5ce8  ,t mu/ dep5d on ! nature ( 
our wants4  ,becky ,%>p ?\ght t virtue  
might be possible on #ejjj p\nds a ye>2 
&1 ap>t f ! "q ( :e!r money has any?+ to
 d ) virtue at all1 x is obvi\s t %e put
 h] figure absurdly high4  ,mo/ ( u put 
! figure at :i* indep5d5ce may be       
pur*as$ too high4  ,if our idea (       
indep5d5ce is ! possession ( an income t
 all[s extravagance1 if life w\ld be    
intol]able to u )\t ! gratification ( _m
 artificial wants1 if our notion ( a    
lodge 9 ! wild]ness is !                
,cottage1 ) a d\ble coa*-h\se1   ,!     
pride t apes humility1   at :i*         
,col]idge sne]$1 !n only a v few ( u c  
ev] hope = our emancipation4  ,! fir/   
/ep t[>d indep5d5ce is ! limitation (   
our wants4  ,we mu/ be f$1 clo!d1 &     
lodg$ 9 su* a way t a self-respect+ life
 is possible to u2 :5 we h asc]ta9$ !   
figure at :i* ?is ideal c be realis$1 we

 h asc]ta9$ ! price ( indep5d5ce4  ,my  
exp]im5t ,i reg>d z successful1 b !re   
are two features 9 x :i* dim9i% its     
g5]al application4  ,"o is t ,i took )  
me into my solitude c]ta9 ta/es &       
aptitudes1 :i* ,i may claim )\t ! lea/  
egoism to be n altoge!r common4  ,i _h  
an int5se love ( ,nature1 a delight 9   
physical ex]tion1 & a vital int]e/ 9    
lit]ature4  ,i 0 ?us provid$ ) res\rces 
9 myself4  ,x w\ld be ! height ( folly =
 a p]son :olly de/itute ( ^! aptitudes  
to v5ture ^u su* a life z m9e4  ,he w\ld
 f9d ! c\ntry unutt]ably we>isome1 its  
pursuits a dete/able =m ( drudg]y1 & !  
unoccupi$ h\rs ( 8 life t$i\s beyond    
expression4  ,9 reconsid]+ :at ,i h     
writt5 ,i p]ceive t unconsci\sly ,i h   
*ronicl$ only ! pleasant episodes ( my  
exi/5ce4  ,!re is ano!r picture t might 
be pa9t$ ( m\nta9s clo!d 9 cl\d1 roads  
deep 9 mire1 "w done "u dr5*+ ra9s1 e>ly
 d>kness1 lack ( neighb\r%ip1 isolation 
& monotony1 a life sep>at$ by cont95ts (
 sil5ce f all ! eag] movem5t ( ! _w4    

,!re are two pictures ( ! c\ntry1       
equally true2 ! c\ntry ( ,corot1        
idyllic1 lovely1 full ( s(t light &     
graceful =m2 ! c\ntry ( ,millet1 au/]e1 
h>%1 bleak1 impressive only by a c]ta9  
gravity & gr& sev]ity4  ,we all imag9e t
 we c\ld live 91 & we all desire1 !     
c\ntry ( ,corot4  ,b c\ld we live 9 !   
c\ntry ( ,millet8  ,i confess t ,i c\ld 
n h done s )\t res\rces 9 myself4  ,x   
requir$ a g5u9e pleasure 9 h>d physical 
ex]cise to get ?r\gh ! duties ( ! day1 &
 a g5u9e int]e/ 9 lit]ature to supply ! 
place ( ^? artificial =ms ( pleasure :i*
 relieve ! t$ium ( t[ns4  ,i d n "k :at 
,i %\ld h done )\t books 9 ! long w9t]  
ev5+s4  ,n[h]e is a 'city ( ! m9d1' into
 :i* "o c retire1 s necess>y z 9 !      
c\ntry4  ,!re is also ne$$ an endur+ &  
g5u9e delight 9 ,nature & outdoor       
occupations1 :i* creates its own sun%9e 
"u dre>y skies4  ,! m]e s5tim5t (       
ru/icity1 creat$ 9 ! t[nsman's m9d by   
pictures & novels1 soon dissolves be=e !
 realities ( a g5u9e c\ntry life4  ,x is

 ,millet1 n ,corot1 :o is ! mo/ frequ5t 
comrade ( ! man :o looks = mon?s toge!r 
on ! same expanse ( fields1 & moves ^u !
 same un*ang+ r\nd ( lab\r4  ,!re=e x is
 necess>y to insi/ t no error c\ld be   
great] ?an = a man ) no real aptitude = 
a solit>y life1 & no res\rces (         
intellectual pleasure 9 himself1 to     
attempt su* an exp]im5t z m9e4  ,he w\ld
 we>y ( x 9 a mon?1 & w\ld flee1 l a    
*ild afraid ( ! d>kness1 back to gaslit 
/reets aga91 ) revil+ on 8 lips & bitt] 
ang] 9 8 he>t4  ,x mu/ also be rememb]$ 
t ,i did n g into ! c\ntry ) ! int5tion 
( d]iv+ my livelihood f ! soil4  ,my    
s\rces ( income 7 sep>ate f my mode (   
life2 & al?\gh my income 0 at ! be/ v   
small1 yet x 0 suffici5t to secure me   
ease ( m9d4  ,i did inde$ discov] t !   
exp5ses ( a simple life 7 slight1 & t ^!
 exp5ses might be kept l[ by a mod]ate  
degree ( indu/ry 9 rural pursuits1 b ,i 
nev] imag9$ t ,i c\ld live altoge!r by !
 soil4  ,i may frankly confess t :ile ,i
 believe x to be p]fectly possible = a  

/rong & h&y man1 accu/om$ to            
agricultural pursuits1 to e>n a liv+ f !
 soil1 my example has little to tea* 9  
?is direction4  ,! cry ( ',back to !    
,l&' w be mean+less until g5]al own]%ip 
9 ! l& is made possible4 ,x is ! burd5 (
 r5t1 (t5 a cruel & unju/ r5t1 t has    
driv5 m5 f ! l&4  ,n f> f me at         
,?orn?waite !re resid$ a man & 8 wife :o
 7 among ! mo/ frugal & indu/ri\s p]sons
 ,i h ev] met1 yet !y f\nd x absolutely 
impossible to e>n a liv+ f ! l& simply  
because ! conditions ( _! t5ure 7       
unreasonable4  ,= ?irte5 acres ( l&1 ) a
 small f>m-h\se & f>m-build+s1 !y paid  
eighty p\nds p] annum1 ) an additional  
*>ge ( ?irty %ill+s a ye> = ! "r ( a    
boat ^u ! lake4  ,! mo/ t !y c\ld d )   
?is small hold+ 0 to graze f\r c[s1 & 9 
a good season !y got ne>ly en\gh hay to 
fe$ _! cattle dur+ ! w9t] mon?s2 b ) all
 ! p9*+ 9 ! _w !y w5t /eadily beh9d at !
 rate ( ab\t =ty p\nds p] annum4  ,?is  
is a concrete example ( ! difficulties (
 ! small f>m]1 & x is suffici5t to %[ h[

 va9 is ! hope ( any return to ! l& z   
long z r5ts are ma9ta9$ at _! pres5t    
level4  ,7 x possible = an ,engli%      
gov]nm5t to (f] free grants ( l& z !    
,canadian gov]nm5t does1 or ev5 to fix  
r5ts & provide = ! pur*ase ( l& z is !  
case 9 ,irel&1 multitudes ( able-bodi$  
m51 we>i$ ) ! fi]ce /ruggle = bread 9   
cities1 w\ld avail !mselves ( !         
opportunity2 b "u ! pres5t conditions ( 
f>m-t5ure ^? :o "k ! c\ntry be/1 "k t1  
except 9 a v few di/ricts1 x is next to 
impossible to live by ! l&4  ,9 ^!      
important respects1 ,i admit t little c 
be d$uc$ f my example4  ,all t ,i c     
pret5d to tea* is t any man possess$ ( a
 small b secure income c live ) ease &  
com=t 9 ! c\ntry1 :]e he w\ld be        
condemn$ to a bitt] /ruggle 9 a city2 t 
a c\ntry life pres5ts incomp>able       
advantages ( heal? & happ9ess2 t x is n 
dull or monoton\s to ! man :o has a     
g5u9e love ( ,nature1 & "s intellectual 
res\rces 9 himself2 & t :at are call$ ! 
privations ( su* a life are             

inconsid]able comp>$ ) ! real injuries  
endur$ by ! man ( small income1 :o e>ns 
8 difficult bread 9 ! fi]ce /ruggle ( a 
city or a manufactur+ t[n4  ,?is leads  
me to a f9al "q1 viz4 c no?+ be done to 
reg5]ate our cities8  ,is x q impossible
 t ! ,city ( ! ,future %\ld be s        
contriv$ z to (f] ! be/ advantages (    
corporate & communal exi/5ce )\t ^?     
intol]able disadvantages :i* at pres5t  
make ! city a realm ( 'dreadful night'  
to ! poor1 ! weak1 & ! s5sitive8  ,i    
began by say+ t ,i am n a hat] ( cities4
  ,i feel _! fasc9ation1 & f\r ye>s (   
c\ntry life h n de/roy$ t fasc9ation4   
,:5 ,i _h occasion rec5tly to return to 
,london = a week's visit1 ,i 0 surpris$ 
to f9d ) :at eag] joy ,i plung$ into !  
labyr9? ( light$ /reets1 h[ ! blood     
began to quick5 ) ! movem5t ( !         
ceaseless cr[d1 h[ mu* ( gr&eur & beauty
 assail$ ! eye 9 ! wide p]spective (    
domes & t[]s & spires1 h[ ! v voice (   
,london1 sonor\s & confus$1 l ! noise ( 
a great battlefield1 ?rill$ ! _s1 & ,i  

felt aga9 t old & poignant *>m ( cities1
 t quick5+ ( ! imag9ation :i* lies 9 m]e
 multitude1 t p]petual s$uction ( !     
s5ses begott5 by ! revelation ( s mu*   
ef=t & magnific5ce4  ,!re 0 an          
indescribable vivacity 9 ?is mov+ cr[d1 
a contagi\s animation 9 ! air2 &1 if    
tru? be told1 ,i f\nd ! air fre%] & !   
sky less grey ?an ,i _h fanci$1 = a     
s\?-we/ w9d1 s(t z velvet & wet )       
sea-salt1 blew ?r\gh /reet & squ>e1 & ! 
sky 0 full ( sun%9e & ( rac+ cl\ds4  ,i 
c\ld n wond] at ! love ( cities2 x seem$
 a passion inh]5t 9 mod]n man1 f$ &     
br\ght to its maturity by c5turies (    
communal exi/5ce4  ,& s ! ?\ght grew1 t 
! temp] ( endur+ antagonism to cities 0 
a temp] m & m impossible to mod]n man1  
:o has long s9ce left beh9d ! realities 
( elem5tal life1 ! rude simplicities (  
patri>*al modes ( exi/5ce4  ,! ,city is 
) u1 & x has come to /ay4  ,london gr[s 
va/] ye> by ye>1 & !re is no sign (     
arre/ 9 its prodigi\s life4  ,is x !n a 
dream q impossible & va91 t cities may  

be s adm9i/]$ z to develop ! be/ life ( 
m51 & n to /9t x8  ,i believe t x is    
possible1 &1 mo/ ( all1 by ! expansion (
 ! city area4  ,!re 0 a reason :y m5    
%\ld be closely pack$ toge!r 9 m$iaeval 
times1 :5 cities _h _! def5sive walls   
aga9/ invad]s1 b ^? conditions h long   
s9ce pass$ away4 ,entire security ( life
 makes = ! disp]sal ( population1 & 9 a 
city l ,london1 :i* has n be5 expos$ to 
! p]ils ( invasion = m ?an two c5turies1
 !re is no reason :y p %\ld be conf9$ 9 
n>r[ areas1 ,f all t we c le>n ( ! mo/  
anci5t cities ( ! _w1 su* z ,n9eveh &   
,babylon1 we "k t !y cov]$ enorm\s      
areas1 al?\gh at no "t 7 !y secure f !  
caprici\s trag$ies ( w>4  ,n9eveh appe>s
 to h be5 a gr\p ( cities1 unit$ by a   
common gov]nm5t2 cities ( g>d5s & p>ks1 
s t ! c\ntry fl[$ into ! /reets2 cities 
9 :i* ! great temples1 & palaces1 &     
public build+s 7 n conf9$ to any "o     
qu>t]1 b 7 scatt]$ ?r\gh ! entire area (
 ! city1 giv+ an equal dignity to its e 
"p4  ,let u apply ! analogy to ,london4 

,let u suppose a recon/ruct$ ,london1   
devis$ ^u ! broad pr9ciple ( ample space
 & air accord+ to population2 (         
congregat$ & contigu\s cities "u a      
common gov]nm5t2 ( public build+s (     
utility & beauty equally di/ribut$2 & x 
is easy to imag9e a ,london t %\ld      
comb9e all ! *>m ( ! c\ntry ) !         
advantages ( ! metropolis4  ,! spl5did  
/reets1 :i* are ! ma9 art]ies ( traffic1
 w\ld rema91 b ! squalid t5em5ts &      
alleys :i* are pack$ away beh9d !m w\ld 
disappe>4  ,a long *a9 ( p>ks & g>d5s   
w\ld unite ! ,we/ & ,ea/1 tak+ ! place (
 a ho/ ( rott5 rabbit-w>r5s1 :i* are a  
disgrace to any civilis$ community4     
,!re w\ld be no qu>t] ( ! t[n rel9qui%$ 
to ! absolutely poor2 ,popl> w\ld h its 
palaces ( weal?y m]*ants z well z       
,k5s+ton1 ,/4 ,albans on ! nor?1        
,reigate on ! s\?1 w\ld m>k ! limits ( !
 city1 & all ! int]v5+ space w\ld be    
fill$ ) ?riv+ colonies ( ,london]s1 liv+
 9 well-built h\ses ) ample g>d5s4      
,manufactories w\ld be di/ribut$ z well 

z mansions4  ,! v>i\s trades w\ld n be  
huddl$ toge!r 9 n>r[ inconv5i5t corn]s (
 ! metropolis2 ! factory1 remov$ a doz5 
miles f ,*>+ ,cross1 w\ld take its      
work]s ) x1 & become ! nucleus ( a new  
t[n%ip4  ,! artisan w\ld ?us "w )9 sight
 ( 8 h\se1 & t entire dislocation (     
home-life1 involv$ by pres5t conditions 
( lab\r1 w\ld disappe>4  ,& ea* ( ^!    
t[n%ips w\ld h its ba?s1 libr>ies1 &    
te*nical s*ools1 n dep5d5t on local     
ent]prise or g5]osity1 b adm9i/]$ by a  
c5tral body1 compos$ ( m5 ( wide views &
 exp]i5ce1 :o %\ld des]ve ! great title 
( ! ,city ,fa!rs2 & ea* w\ld be sav$ f !
 n>r[ _s ( suburbanism by ! pr\d s5se ( 
its corporate unity ) ,london4  ,su* a  
,london no d\bt be>s ! aspect ( a futile
 dream2 yet x is wor? :ile po9t+ out t 9
 a dim & feeble way ?is has be5 ! ideal 
aft] :i* ,london has be5 grop+ ev] s9ce 
! day :5 ! population fir/ ov]fl[$ its  
normal b\nd>ies4  ,! mis*ief has be5 t  
no?+ has be5 done ^u a gr& scale & by   
organis$ ef=t4  ,a bit ( op5 space has  

be5 b\ght = a p>k "h & !re1 :ile a mu*  
l>g] bit has pass$ into ! build]'s h&s  
?r\gh local indiff]5ce or apa?y4  ,new  
suburbs h aris5 9 a day1 n because any  
c5tral p[] will$ x1 b simply by ! comb9$
 gre$1 en]gy1 & ent]prise ( !           
speculative build]1 :o inv>iably builds 
rott5 h\ses1 :i* he sells z fa/ z he c  
to guileless p ) a passion = own+       
h\se-prop]ty4  ,! result has be5        
confusion1 wa/e1 & disappo9tm5t4  ,! new
 t[n%ip rises )\t any adequate provision
 = roads or railway accommodation4  ,x  
is fill$ by a migratory population :o d 
n realise ^! inconv5i5ces or ignore !m1 
z long z ! novelty ( ! ?+ *>ms !m2      
pres5tly !y move (f aga91 a poor]       
population takes _! place1 r5ts drop1 & 
ano!r suburb is left to a prec>i\s      
exi/5ce4  ,i cont5d t ?is necess>y      
expansion ( ! metropolis %\ld n be left 
to caprice2 x %\ld be design$ ^u broad  
l9es ( developm5t4  ,! ,london ,c\nty   
,c\ncil %\ld buy up e acre ( l& t comes 
into ! m>ket )9 a ?irty-five mile radius

 ( ,c5tral ,london4  ,x %\ld be = !     
,c\ncil to decide :e!r su* l& z !y      
acquir$ %\ld be reta9$ = p>ks & g>d5s1  
or utilis$ = build+4  ,x %\ld be 9 _!   
sole p[] to decide ! k9d ( build+s t    
%\ld be erect$1 & to b9d !mselves to    
erect build+s ( public utility &        
conv5i5ce1 su* z libr>ies1 ba?s1 &      
conc]t-halls 9 a settl$ proportion to ! 
numb] ( dwell+-h\ses4  ,at all co/s !   
speculative build] %\ld be elim9at$4    
,he is ! wor/ sort ( p>asite on !       
community4  ,8 di%one/y is absolute1 & !
 mis*ief :i* he works is little %ort (  
crime4  ,s9ce ! ,c\nty ,c\ncil has      
e/abli%$ its "r to build h\ses1 & has   
built !m well1 let x build all our      
h\ses1 & give to o!r classes beside !   
artisan ! advantage ( sub/antial        
t5em5ts4  ,let x borr[ z _m millions z x
 pleases2 no "o w compla9 if its        
adm9i/ration is effici5t2 & aft] all1 we
 may z well pay a fair r5t to a c5tral  
body1 am5able to public op9ion1 z to a  
private individual ^: own ga9 is ! *ief 

matt] involv$1 ,we _c d )\t ! capitali/2
 b a ,communal ,capitali/ is inf9itely  
pref]able to a private capitali/4       
,municipal ,socialism is ! wat*word ( ! 
future2 & in/ead ( be+ jeal\s ( ! exi/+ 
p[]s ( ! ,c\nty ,c\ncil1 ,i w\ld        
increase ^? p[]s t5fold2 = )\t ! wide/  
k9d ( p[]1 & ev5 ( despotic p[]1 inve/$ 
9 "s c5tral au?ority1 ! *aotic expansion
 ( ,london w g on to ! enri*m5t ( ! few 
& ! abid+ injury ( ! _m4  ,"o ( !       
greate/ difficulties 9 ?is expansion ( !
 area is ! means ( locomotion4  ,x is at
 pres5t 9 ! p[] ( a railway company1 :i*
 is aft] all only a private trad+       
conc]n1 to create or ru9 ! prosp]ity ( a
 suburb by ! k9d ( provision :i* x makes
 = x necessities4  ,a good1 rapid1 *eap1
 & frequ5t s]vice ( tra9s is a matt] ( !
 utmo/ importance to a suburb4  ,b "h   
aga91 our me?od ( expansion is left to  
*ance & haphaz>d4  ,! speculative build]
 does n tr\ble himself ab\t a           
tra9-s]vice2 he kn[s by exp]i5ce t he c 
attract a population to any giv5        

locality1 & he leaves ! new resid5ts to 
discov] ! inconv5i5ces ( ! locality =   
!mselves4  ,x might be suppos$ t !      
railway company1 9 its own int]e/1 w\ld 
be quick to pr(it by ! new population on
 its l9e ( r\te2 sometimes x does s1 b 9
 _m in/ances x does n4  ,"o w\ld suppose
 by ! grudg+ way 9 :i* extra tra9s are  
put on to meet ! ne$s ( an increas$     
population1 t ! railway company 0 a     
b5efic5t association1 grant+ fav\rs1    
in/ead ( a trad+ conc]n 9 se>* ( new    
bus9ess4  ,! only real rem$y = ?is k9d (
 evil is t all ! means ( locomotion )9 a
 tw5ty-five miles radius ( ,*>+ ,cross  
%\ld be 9 ! h&s ( "o c5tral au?ority4   
,if a ,c\nty ,c\ncil is capable (       
sup]9t5d+ a tramway sy/em1 x %\ld also  
be capable ( sup]9t5d+ ! suburban       
railway sy/em = ! public good4  ,& if x 
be ?\ght mu* too va/ an und]tak+ = !    
,c\nty ,c\ncil to become ! proprietor ( 
all ! suburban l9es1 x %\ld at lea/ be 9
 ! p[] ( ! ,c\ncil to ex]cise effective 
control ov] _! work+1 & to compel !     

companies to make adequate provision = !
 outly+ populations4  ,b x is cle> t if 
factories & bus9esses 7 remov$ into     
suburban di/ricts1 c>ry+ _! armies (    
work]s ) !m1 a good "p ( ! difficulty ( 
locomotion w\ld soon settle itself4  ,x 
is ! enorm\s daily fl[ ( population t[>d
 ! c5tre t *okes ! *annels ( locomotion1
 & ! wise/ me?od ( *eck+ ?is fl[ is to  
make x unnecess>y1 by e/abli%+          
manufactur+ colonies1 on ! patt]n ( ,mr4
 ,ellis ,lev]'s & ,mr4 ,cadbury's       
colonies at ,port ,sunlight &           
,b\rneville4  ,!re w\ld /ill rema9 !    
difficulty ( locomotion 9 ! c5tral      
di/ricts1 b ) prop] ent]prise1          
organisation1 & control1 ?is difficulty 
is n insup]able4  ,9 a few ye>s we %all 
look back ) wond] & pity to ! days :5 ! 
infrequ5t 'bus1 ! sl[ & t$i\s           
horse-tram1 & ! exorbitant cab 7 ! means
 ( locomotion 9 :i* a city ( six million
 p put its tru/4  ,! electric tram1     
clean1 frequ5t1 & rapid1 w be ev]y:]e2 !
 electric cab w run at a normal f>e (   

?reep5ce a mile2 p]haps also !re w be   
electric ov]head railways1 con/ruct$ ^u 
a sy/em :i* does n int]f]e ) !          
p]spective ( ! ma9 ?or\ghf>es1 = !      
ov]head electric railway1 :atev] may be 
its defects1 is a means ( locomotion    
va/ly pref]able to ! unv5tilat$ tubes on
 :i* we n[ pride ourselves4  ,may we n  
also hope t ! g5]al application (       
electric =ce w d mu* to cleanse our     
atmosph]e8  ,) h\ses lit & w>m$ by      
electricity1 factories run by electric  
=ce1 cook+ done 9 electric ov5s1 ! vile 
smoke :i* d>k5s & de/roys ! city w\ld   
disappe>4  ,! skies ( ,london w\ld be z 
pure z ! sky ( ! ,orkneys1 & a hundr$   
trees & plants1 :i* n[ p]i% at ! fir/   
t\* ( ! fog-fi5d1 w\ld gr[ 9 our city   
p>ks & g>d5s z freely z !y gr[ 9 ,epp+  
,=e/4  ,) a fleet ( electric boats ^u ! 
,?ames1 runn+ at "o m9ute int]vals1 !   
,?ames w\ld once m become ! riv] (      
pleasure1 & a highway ( popul> traffic4 
,!re is no reason :y ^! ?+s %\ld n be4  
,all t is ne$$ is t ,london1 ?r\gh its  

*os5 repres5tatives1 %\ld assume ! full 
control ( its own life2 work+ out !     
s*eme ( its improvem5t by delib]ate     
me?ods & ^u a settl$ plan2 compell+ !   
ob$i5ce ( all its citiz5s to a c5tral   
au?ority1 & intru/+ to t au?ority !     
complete managem5t ( its affairs1 n z a 
means ( p]sonal pr(it1 b = ! pr(it & !  
welf>e ( ! :ole community4  ,9 !        
meantime mu* may be done by p]sonal     
ent]prise4  ,is !re any real reason :y  
gr\ps ( p]sons1 ^: employm5t is 9 !     
city1 b ^: he>ts are 9 ! c\ntry1 %\ld n 
f\nd small colonies = !mselves on !     
outskirts ( ,london8  ,let a ?\s&       
h\sehold]s comb9e !mselves into a       
company2 let !m *oose _! own site1 build
 _! own h\ses2 let !m erect _! own      
,*ur*--"o ,*ur* ^u ! broad basis ( *>ity
 in/ead ( dogma w\ld suffice--elect _!  
own manag+ committee1 & set !mselves to 
! creation ( a true community4  ,let !m 
possess _! own electric plant = heat+ & 
light+2 let e h\se %>e ! common         
conv5i5ce2 & s9ce dome/ic lab\r =ms "o (

 ! *ief difficulties to-day1 let common 
d9+-halls be erect$ = e hundr$ p]sons1  
:]e good & *eap meals c\ld be provid$1  
or f :i* su* meals c\ld be suppli$ to   
private h\ses1 at ! b>e co/ ( _!        
production4  ,let x be ! aim ( ^!       
communities to collect p]sons ( n "o    
trade or pr(ession only1 b p]sons ( v>i$
 occupations to compose _! citiz5%ip1 s 
t z _m =ms ( human en]gy z might be     
possible %\ld be repres5t$1 ea*         
contribut+ its own elem5t to ! common   
life4  ,let all ! trades p]mitt$ 9 !    
little t[n%ip be conduct$ on co-op]ative
 pr9ciples1 & n = private ga94  ,let due
 provision be made = effici5t education1
 = ! cultivation ( ! arts1 & = ! prop]  
means ( pleasure4  ,w\ld n su* a        
comb9ation ( m5 & wom5 repres5t ! be/   
ideal ( a human community8  ,& c we n   
see t 9 ! m]e economy ( means & money ! 
ga9 by su* a sy/em w\ld be imm5se8      
,suppose ! capitalis$ value ( su* a     
t[n%ip1 includ+ ! pur*ase ( l&1 !       
erection ( h\ses1 dra9+1 light+1 & s =?1

 7 put at a million & a qu>t] /]l+1 :i* 
is a g5]\s e/imate1 ?is w\ld impose ^u !
 individual h\se-hold]s no m ?an #dj    
p\nds p] annum1 calculat$ at #d p] c5t42
 & besides ?is he w\ld %>e 9 ! great    
economy ( co-op]ative trad+4  ,if ?is   
e/imate be reject$ z inadequate1 x is   
easy to compute ! co/ by add+ a burd5 ( 
#aj p\nds p] annum to ea* h\se-hold] =  
ea* qu>t] ( a million exp5d$2 b ev5 if !
 total *>ge rea*$ #ej p\nds or #fj p\nds
 p] annum = ea* h\sehold]1 he w\ld ga9  
imm5sely 9 :at he c\ld get = 8          
exp5diture1 comp>$ ) :at he c\ld get = !
 same money 9 cr[d$ ,london4  ,su* a    
s*eme is simply ! application ( !       
pr9ciple ( co-op]ation to communal life4
  ,x is n *im]ical2 if x seem s1 x is   
simply because we are s ill-tra9$ 9     
morals t we are unwill+ to act toge!r 9 
practical bro!rhood4  ,x is n           
impracticable2 x might be a*iev$        
to-morr[ if we 7 9 e>ne/ ov] x4  ,!re   
are hundr$s ( ?\ghtful m5 :o h p]ceiv$  
its attractions1 outl9$ its sy/em1      

vaguely desir$ its b5efits2 are !re n a 
?\s& bold adv5tur]s 9 ,london will+ to  
br+ _! vague ideal to ! te/1 & to make a
 practical exp]im5t :i*1 once           
successful1 w\ld alt] ! :ole sci5ce (   
liv+1 & g f> to solve "s ( ! mo/        
difficult problems ( our "t8  ,x is =   
su* a movem5t t ,i wait4  ,free & glad z
 my life among ! m\nta9s has be51 yet ,i
 am s5sible t ,i am depriv$ ( _m elem5ts
 ( human int]c\rse1 :i* are efficaci\s 9
 ! gr[? ( ?\ght & ! wid5+ ( ! m9d4  ,i  
c\nt my deprivation light comp>$ ) !    
high] ga9s t are m9e 9 ! composure ( my 
m9d1 ! joy ( animal vitality1 ! tranquil
 days t leave no bitt]ness & br+ no     
discord1 ea* jo9$ to ea* 9 'natural     
piety1' ea* inwov5 into ! calm rhy?m (  
fulfill$ desire & duty4 ,b my pleasure  
is too little %>$ to be entirely        
satisfactory4  ,i see t !re are t]ms on 
:i* my happ9ess might be communicat$2 t 
!re is a mode ( life t %\ld comb9e all !
 delight ( human int]c\rse ) !          
tranquillity ( natural exi/5ce2 t !     

*oice does n lie1 & ought n to lie1     
betwe5 ! city & ! des]t2 t x is only by 
! folly ( man1 only by 8 gre$1 & ha/e1 &
 c>elessness1 & contempt = ! communal   
pr9ciple1 t su* a *oice is =c$ ^u me4   
,! ,reg5]at$ ,city w come 9 "t1 too late
 p]haps = me to enjoy x2 b ! ,city      
,colony or ,commune may come at any "t2 
& :5 x comes ,i w gladly be its         
conscript1 ,i w e>ne/ly lab\r = its     
welf>e1 ,i w humbly seek to promote its 
success1 believ+ t 9 ! degree t society 
ex*anges individualism = co-op]ation1   
p]sonal ga9 = common good1 man w ent] on
 ! wid5+ evolution ( a real progress1 & 
f9d ! pa? t leads him to a truly ,gold5 
,age4