,,modern ,,prose ,,and ,,poetry ,,for ,,secondary ,,schools ,,edited ,,with ,,notes1 ,,study ,,helps1 ,,and ,,reading ,,lists ,,by ,,margaret ,,ashmun1 ,m4,a4 ,formerly ,instructor in ,english in the ,university of ,wisconsin ,editor of ,prose ,literature for ,secondary ,schools ,,boston ,,new ,,york ,,chicago ,,houghton ,,mifflin ,,company ,the ,riverside ,press ,cambridge ,,copyright1 #aiad1 ,,by ,,houghton ,,mifflin ,,company ,,all ,,rights ,,reserved ,all selections in this book are used by special permission of1 and arrangement with1 the owners of the copyrights4 ,the ,riverside ,press ,,cambridge1 ,,massachusetts ,u4,s4,a 99 99 99 99 99 ,transcribers ,note3 ,there are several areas where a pronunciation guide is given with diacritical marks that cannot be reproduced in a text file4 ,the following symbols are used3 ,symbols for ,diacritical ,marks3 ,,diacritical ,,mark ,,sample ,,above ,,below macron 7straight line7 x x #b dots 7diaresis1 umlaut7 3x x3 #a dot 4x x4 grave accent x or x x or x acute accent 7aigu7 'x or _/x x' or x_/ circumflex x x caron 7v-shaped symbol7 vx xv breve 7u-shaped symbol7 7x x7 tilde x x cedilla 1x x1 ,also words italicized will have undescores before and after them and bold words will have before and after them4 ,footnotes have been moved to the end of the text4 ,minor typos have been corrected4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,preface ,it is pleasant to note1 among teachers of literature in the high school1 a growing 7or perhaps one should say an established7 conviction that the pupil's enjoyment of what he reads ought to be the chief consideration in the work4 ,from such enjoyment1 it is conceded1 come the knowledge and the power that are the end of study4 ,all profitable literature work in the secondary grades must be based upon the unforced attention and activity of the student4 ,an inevitable phase of this liberal attitude is a readiness to promote the study of modern authors4 ,it is now the generally accepted view that many pieces of recent literature are more suitable for young people's reading than the old and conventionally approved classics4 ,this is not to say that the really readable classics should be discarded1 since they have their own place and their own value4 ,yet it is everywhere admitted that modern literature should be given its opportunity to appeal to high school students1 and that at some stage in their course it should receive its due share of recognition4 ,the mere fact that modern writers are1 in point of material and style1 less remote than the classic authors from the immediate interests of the students is sufficient to recommend them4 ,then1 too1 since young people are1 in the nature of things1 constantly brought into contact with some form of modern literature1 they need to be provided with a standard of criticism and choice4 ,the present volume is an attempt to assemble1 in a convenient manner1 a number of selections from recent literature1 such as high school students of average taste and ability may understand and enjoy4 ,these selections are not all equally difficult4 ,some need to be read rapidly for their intrinsic interest2 others deserve more analysis of form and content2 still others demand careful intensive study4 ,this diversity of method is almost a necessity in a full year's course in reading1 in which rigidity and monotony ought above all things to be avoided4 ,although convinced that the larger part of the reading work in the high school years should be devoted to the study of prose1 the editor has here included what she believes to be a just proportion of poetry4 ,the poems have been chosen with a view to the fact that they are varied in form and sentiment2 and that they exhibit in no small degree the tendencies of modern poetic thought1 with its love of nature and its humanitarian impulses4 ,an attempt has been made to present examples of the most usual and readable forms of prose composition--narration1 the account of travel1 the personal essay1 and serious exposition4 ,the authors of these selections possess without exception that distinction of style which entitles them to a high rank in literature and makes them inspiring models for the unskilled writer4 ,a word may be said as to the intention of the study helps and lists of readings4 ,the object of this equipment is to conserve the energies of the teacher and direct the activities of the student4 ,it is by no means expected that any one class will be able to make use of all the material provided2 yet it is hoped that a considerable amount may prove available to every group that has access to the text4 ,the study questions serve to concentrate the reading of the students1 in order to prevent that aimless wandering of eye and mind1 which with many pupils passes for study4 ,doubtless something would in most instances be gained if these questions were supplemented by specific directions from the teacher4 ,lists of theme subjects accompany the selections1 so that the work in composition may be to a large extent correlated with that in literature4#a ,the plan of utilizing the newly stimulated interests of the pupils for training in composition is not a new one2 its value has been proved4 ,modern ,prose and ,poetry aims to make the most of such correlation1 at the same time drawing upon the personal experience of the students1 to the elimination of all that is perfunctory and formal4 ,typical outlines 7suggestions for theme writing7 are provided2 these1 however1 cannot serve in all cases1 and the teacher must help the pupils in planning their themes1 or give them such training as will enable them to make outlines for themselves4 ,it will be noted that some suggestions are presented for the dramatization of simple passages of narration1 and for original composition of dramatic fragments4 ,in an age when the trend of popular interest is unquestionably toward the drama1 such suggestions need no defense4 ,the study of dramatic composition may be granted as much or as little attention as the teacher thinks wise4 ,in any event1 it will afford an opportunity for a discussion of the drama and will serve1 in an elementary way1 to train the pupil's judgment as to the difference between good and bad plays4 ,especially can this end be accomplished if some of the plays mentioned in the lists be read by the class or by individual students4 ,a few simple exercises in the writing of poetry have been inserted1 in order to give the pupils encouragement and assistance in trying their skill in verse4 ,it is not intended that this work shall be done for the excellence of its results1 but rather for the development of the pupil's ingenuity and the increasing of his respect for the poet and the poetic art4 ,the collateral readings are appended for the use of those teachers who wish to carry on a course of outside reading in connection with the regular work of the class4 ,these lists have been made somewhat extensive and varied1 in order that they may fit the tastes and opportunities of many teachers and pupils4 ,in some cases1 the collateral work may be presented by the teacher1 to elaborate a subject in which the class has become interested2 or individual pupils may prepare themselves and speak to the class about what they have read2 or all the pupils may read for pleasure alone1 merely reporting the extent of their reading1 for the teacher's approval4 ,the outside reading should1 it is needless to say1 be treated as a privilege and not as a mechanical task4 ,the possibilities of this work will be increased if the teacher familiarizes herself with the material in the collateral lists1 so that she can adapt the home readings to the tastes of the class and of specific pupils4 ,the miscellaneous lists given at the close of the book are intended to supplement the lists accompanying the selections1 and to offer some assistance in the choice of books for a high school library4 ,m4,a4 ,,new ,,york1 ,february1 #aiad4 ,,contents ,a ,,day ,,at ,,laguerre',s ,f4 ,hopkinson ,smith ,,quite ,,so ,thomas ,bailey ,aldrich 7,in ,marjorie ,daw1 and ,other ,stories7 ,,pan ,,in ,,wall ,,street ,edmund ,clarence ,stedman ,,the ,,hand ,,of ,,lincoln ,edmund ,clarence ,stedman ,,jean ,,valjean ,augusta ,stevenson 7,in ,a ,dramatic ,reader1 ,book ,five7 ,a ,,combat ,,on ,,the ,,sands ,mary ,johnston 7,from ,to ,have and to ,hold1 ,chapters ,,xxi and ,,xxii7 ,,the ,,grasshopper ,edith ,m4 ,thomas ,,moly ,edith ,m4 ,thomas ,,the ,,promised ,,land ,mary ,antin 7,from ,chapter ,,ix of ,the ,promised ,land7 ,,warble ,,for ,,lilac-,,time ,walt ,whitman ,,when ,i ,,heard ,,the ,,learn',d ,,astronomer ,walt ,whitman ,,vigil ,,strange ,i ,,kept ,,on ,,the ,,field ,,one ,,night ,walt ,whitman ,,odysseus ,,in ,,phaeacia ,translated by ,george ,herbert ,palmer ,,odysseus ,george ,cabot ,lodge ,a ,,romance ,,of ,,real ,,life ,william ,dean ,howells 7,in ,suburban ,sketches7 ,,the ,,wild ,,ride ,louise ,imogen ,guiney ,,christmas ,,in ,,the ,,woods ,dallas ,lore ,sharp 7,in ,the ,lay of the ,land7 ,,gloucester ,,moors ,william ,vaughn ,moody ,,road-,,hymn ,,for ,,the ,,start ,william ,vaughn ,moody ,,on ,a ,,soldier ,,fallen ,,in ,,the ,,phillipines ,william ,vaughn ,moody ,,the ,,coon ,,dog ,sarah ,orne ,jewett 7,in ,the ,queen's ,twin1 and ,other ,stories7 ,,on ,,the ,,life-,,mask ,,of ,,abraham ,,lincoln ,richard ,watson ,gilder ,a ,,fire ,,among ,,the ,,giants ,john ,muir 7,from ,our ,national ,parks7 ,,waiting ,john ,burroughs ,,the ,,pont ,,du ,,gard ,henry ,james 7,chapter ,,xxvi of ,a ,little ,tour in ,france7 ,,the ,,youngest ,,son ,,of ,,his ,,father',s ,,house ,anna ,hempstead ,branch ,,tennessee',s ,,partner ,bret ,harte ,,the ,,course ,,of ,,american ,,history ,woodrow ,wilson 7,in ,mere ,literature7 ,,what ,i ,,know ,,about ,,gardening ,charles ,dudley ,warner 7,from ,my ,summer in a ,garden7 ,,the ,,singing ,,man ,josephine ,preston ,peabody ,,the ,,dance ,,of ,,the ,,bon-,,odori ,lafcadio ,hearn 7,from ,glimpses of ,unfamiliar ,japan1 ,volume ,i1 ,chapter ,,vi7 ,,letters3 ,,thomas ,,bailey ,,aldrich ,,to ,,william ,,dean ,,howells 7,from ,the ,life of ,thomas ,bailey ,aldrich by ,ferris ,greenslet7 ,,thomas ,,bailey ,,aldrich ,,to ,e4,s4 ,,morse 7,by permission of ,professor ,morse7 ,,william ,,vaughn ,,moody ,,to ,,josephine ,,preston ,,peabody 7,from ,some ,letters of ,william ,vaughn ,moody7 ,,bret ,,harte ,,to ,,his ,,wife 7,from ,the ,life of ,bret ,harte by ,henry ,c4 ,merwin7 ,,lafcadio ,,hearn ,,to ,,basil ,,hall ,,chamberlain 7,from ,japanese ,letters of ,lafcadio ,hearn7 ,,charles ,,eliot ,,norton ,,to ,,william ,,dean ,,howells 7,from ,letters of ,charles ,eliot ,norton7 ,,exercises ,,in ,,dramatic ,,composition ,,modern ,,books ,,for ,,home ,,reading ,,modern ,,prose ,,and ,,poetry ,,for ,,secondary ,,schools ,a ,,day ,,at ,,laguerre',s ,f4 ,,hopkinson ,,smith ,it is the most delightful of ,french inns1 in the quaintest of ,french settlements4 ,as you rush by in one of the innumerable trains that pass it daily1 you may catch glimpses of tall trees trailing their branches in the still stream1--hardly a dozen yards wide1--of flocks of white ducks paddling together1 and of queer punts drawn up on the shelving shore or tied to soggy1 patched-up landing-stairs4 ,if the sun shines1 you can see1 now and then1 between the trees1 a figure kneeling at the water's edge1 bending over a pile of clothes1 washing1--her head bound with a red handkerchief4 ,if you are quick1 the miniature river will open just before you round the curve1 disclosing in the distance groups of willows1 and a rickety foot-bridge perched up on poles to keep it dry4 ,all this you see in a flash4 ,but you must stop at the old-fashioned station1 within ten minutes of the ,harlem ,river1 cross the road1 skirt an old garden bound with a fence and bursting with flowers1 and so pass on through a bare field to the water's edge1 before you catch sight of the cosy little houses lining the banks1 with garden fences cutting into the water1 the arbors covered with tangled vines1 and the boats crossing back and forth4 ,i have a love for the out-of-the-way places of the earth when they bristle all over with the quaint and the old and the odd1 and are mouldy with the picturesque4 ,but here is an in-the-way place1 all sunshine and shimmer1 with never a fringe of mould upon it1 and yet you lose your heart at a glance4 ,it is as charming in its boat life as an old ,holland canal2 it is as delightful in its shore life as the ,seine2 and it is as picturesque and entrancing in its sylvan beauty as the most exquisite of ,english streams4 ,the thousands of workaday souls who pass this spot daily in their whirl out and in the great city may catch all these glimpses of shade and sunlight over the edges of their journals1 and any one of them living near the city's centre1 with a stout pair of legs in his knickerbockers and the breath of the morning in his heart1 can reach it afoot any day before breakfast2 and yet not one in a hundred knows that this ideal nook exists4 ,even this small percentage would be apt to tell of the delights of ,devonshire and of the charm of the upper ,thames1 with its tall rushes and low-thatched houses and quaint bridges1 as if the picturesque ended there2 forgetting that right here at home there wanders many a stream with its breast all silver that the trees courtesy to as it sings through meadows waist-high in lush grass1--as exquisite a picture as can be found this beautiful land over4 ,so1 this being an old tramping-ground of mine1 ,i have left the station with its noise and dust behind me this lovely morning in ,june1 have stopped long enough to twist a bunch of sweet peas through the garden fence1 and am standing on the bank waiting for some sign of life at ,madame ,laguerre's4 ,i discover that there is no boat on my side of the stream4 ,but that is of no moment4 ,on the other side1 within a biscuit's toss1 so narrow is it1 there are two boats2 and on the landing-wharf1 which is only a few planks wide1 supporting a tumble-down flight of steps leading to a vine-covered terrace above1 rest the oars4 ,i lay my traps down on the bank and begin at the top of my voice3-- ,madame ,laguerre6 ,madame ,laguerre6 ,send ,lucette with the boat4 ,for a long time there is no response4 ,a young girl drawing water a short distance below1 hearing my cries1 says she will come2 and some children above1 who know me1 begin paddling over4 ,i decline them all4 ,experience tells me it is better to wait for madame4 ,in a few minutes she pushes aside the leaves1 peers through1 and calls out3-- ,ah6 it is that horrible painter4 ,go away6 ,i have nothing for you4 ,you are hungry again that you come8 ,very1 madame4 ,where is ,lucette8 ,lucette6 ,lucette6 ,it is always ,lucette4 ,lu-c-e-t-t-e6 ,this in a shrill key4 ,it is the painter4 ,come quick4 ,i have known ,lucette for years1 even when she was a barefooted little tangle-hair1 peeping at me with her great brown eyes from beneath her ragged straw hat4 ,she wears high-heeled slippers now1 and sometimes on ,sundays dainty silk stockings1 and her hair is braided down her back1 little ,french ,margurite that she is1 and her hat is never ragged any more1 nor her hair tangled4 ,her eyes1 though1 are still the same velvety1 half-drooping eyes1 always opening and shutting and never still4 ,as she springs into the boat and pulls towards me ,i note how round and trim she is1 and before we have landed at ,madame ,laguerre's feet ,i have counted up ,lucette's birthdays1--those that ,i know myself1--and find to my surprise that she must be eighteen4 ,we have always been the best of friends1 ,lucette and ,i1 ever since she looked over my shoulder years ago and watched me dot in the outlines of her boat1 with her dog ,mustif sitting demurely in the bow4 ,madame1 her mother1 begins again3-- ,do you know that it is ,saturday that you come again to bother8 ,now it will be a filet1 of course1 with mushrooms and tomato salad2 and there are no mushrooms1 and no tomatoes1 and nothing4 ,you are horrible4 ,then1 when ,i get it ready1 you say you will come at three4 ',yes1 madame2 at three1'--mimicking me1--'sure1 very sure4' ,but it is four1 five1 o'clock--and then everything is burned up waiting4 ,ah6 ,i know you4 ,this goes on always1 and has for years4 ,presently she softens1 for she is the most tender-hearted of women1 and would do anything in the world to please me4 ,but1 then1 you will be tired1 and of course you must have something4 ,i remember now there is a chicken4 ,how will the chicken do8 ,oh1 the chicken it is lovely1 charmant4 ,and some pease--fresh4 ,monsieur picked them himself this morning4 ,and some ,roquefort1 with an olive4 ,ah6 ,you leave it to me2 but at three--no later--not one minute4 ,sacr6 ,vous tes le diable6 ,as we walk under the arbor and by the great trees1 towards the cottage1 ,lucette following with the oars1 ,i inquire after monsieur1 and find that he is in the city1 and very well and very busy1 and will return at sundown4 ,he has a shop of his own in the upper part where he makes passe-partouts4 ,here1 at his home1 madame maintains a simple restaurant for tramps like me4 ,these delightful people are old friends of mine1 ,franois ,laguerre and his wife and their only child ,lucette4 ,they have lived here for nearly a quarter of a century4 ,he is a straight1 silver-haired old ,frenchman of sixty1 who left ,paris1 between two suns1 nearly forty years ago1 with a gendarme close at his heels1 a red cockade under his coat1 and an intense hatred in his heart for that little nobody1 ,napoleon ,,iii4 ,if you met him on the boulevard you would look for the decoration on his lapel1 remarking to yourself1 ,some retired officer on half pay4 ,if you met him at the railway station opposite1 you would say1 ,a ,french professor returning to his school4 ,both of these surmises are partly wrong1 and both partly right4 ,monsieur ,laguerre has had a history4 ,one can see by the deep lines in his forehead and by the firm set of his eyes and mouth that it has been an eventful one4 ,his wife is a few years his junior1 short and stout1 and thoroughly ,french down to the very toes of her felt slippers4 ,she is devoted to ,franois and ,lucette1 the best of cooks1 and1 in spite of her scoldings1 good-nature itself4 ,as soon as she hears me calling1 there arise before her the visions of many delightful dinners prepared for me by her own hand and ready to the minute--all spoiled by my belated sketches4 ,so she begins to scold before ,i am out of the boat or in it1 for that matter4 ,across the fence next to ,laguerre's lives a confrre1 a brother exile1 ,monsieur ,marmosette1 who also has a shop in the city1 where he carves fine ivories4 ,monsieur ,marmosette has only one son4 ,he too is named ,franois1 after his father's old friend4 ,farther down on both sides of the narrow stream front the cottages of other friends1 all ,frenchmen2 and near the propped-up bridge an ,italian who knew ,garibaldi burrows in a low1 slanting cabin1 which is covered with vines4 ,i remember a dish of spaghetti under those vines1 and a flask of ,chianti from its cellar1 all cobwebs and plaited straw1 that left a taste of ,venice in my mouth for days4 ,as there is only the great bridge above1 which helps the country road across the little stream1 and the little foot-bridge below1 and as there is no path or road1--all the houses fronting the water1--the ,bronx here is really the only highway1 and so everybody must needs keep a boat4 ,this is why the stream is crowded in the warm afternoons with all sorts of water craft loaded with whole families1 even to the babies1 taking the air1 or crossing from bank to bank in their daily pursuits4 ,there is a quality which one never sees in ,nature until she has been rough-handled by man and has outlived the usage4 ,it is the picturesque4 ,in the deep recesses of the primeval forest1 along the mountain-slope1 and away up the tumbling brook1 ,nature may be majestic1 beautiful1 and even sublime2 but she is never picturesque4 ,this quality comes only after the axe and the saw have let the sunlight into the dense tangle and have scattered the falling timber1 or the round of the water-wheel has divided the rush of the brook4 ,it is so here4 ,some hundred years ago1 along this quiet1 silvery stream were encamped the troops of the struggling colonies1 and1 later1 the great estates of the survivors stretched on each side for miles4 ,the willows that now fringe these banks were saplings then2 and they and the great butternuts were only spared because their arching limbs shaded the cattle knee-deep along the shelving banks4 ,then came the long interval that succeeds that deadly conversion of the once sweet farming lands1 redolent with clover1 into that barren waste--suburban property4 ,the conflict that had lasted since the days when the pioneer's axe first rang through the stillness of the forest was nearly over2 ,nature saw her chance1 took courage1 and began that regeneration which is exclusively her own4 ,the weeds ran riot2 tall grasses shot up into the sunlight1 concealing the once well-trimmed banks2 and great tangles of underbrush and alders made lusty efforts to hide the traces of man's unceasing cruelty4 ,lastly came this little group of poor people from the ,seine and the ,marne and lent a helping hand1 bringing with them something of their old life at home1--their boats1 rude landings1 patched-up water-stairs1 fences1 arbors1 and vine-covered cottages1--unconsciously completing the picture and adding the one thing needful--a human touch4 ,so ,nature1 having outlived the wrongs of a hundred years1 has here with busy fingers so woven a web of weed1 moss1 trailing vine1 and low-branching tree that there is seen a newer and more entrancing quality in her beauty1 which1 for want of a better term1 we call the picturesque4 ,but madame is calling that the big boat must be bailed out2 that if ,i am ever coming back to dinner it is absolutely necessary that ,i should go away4 ,this boat is not of extraordinary size4 ,it is called the big boat from the fact that it has one more seat than the one in which ,lucette rowed me over2 and not being much in use except on ,sunday1 is generally half full of water4 ,lucette insists on doing the bailing4 ,she has very often performed this service1 and ,i have always considered it as included in the curious scrawl of a bill which madame gravely presents at the end of each of my days here1 beginning in small printed type with ,franois ,laguerre1 ,restaurant ,franais1 and ending with ,coffee #aj cents4 ,but this time ,i resist1 remarking that she will hurt her hands and soil her shoes1 and that it is all right as it is4 ,to this ,franois the younger1 who is leaning over the fence1 agrees1 telling ,lucette to wait until he gets a pail4 ,lucette catches his eye1 colors a little1 and says she will fetch it4 ,there is a break in the palings through which they both disappear1 but ,i am half-way out on the stream1 with my traps and umbrella on the seat in front and my coat and waistcoat tucked under the bow1 before they return4 ,for half a mile down-stream there is barely a current4 ,then comes a break of a dozen yards just below the perched-up bridge1 and the stream divides1 one part rushing like a mill-race1 and the other spreading itself softly around the roots of leaning willows1 oozing through beds of water-plants1 and creeping under masses of wild grapes and underbrush4 ,below this is a broad pasture fringed with another and larger growth of willows4 ,here the weeds are breast-high1 and in early autumn they burst into purple asters1 and white immortelles1 and goldenrod1 and flaming sumac4 ,if a painter had a lifetime to spare1 and loved this sort of material1--the willows1 hillsides1 and winding stream1--he would grow old and weary before he could paint it all2 and yet no two of his compositions need be alike4 ,i have tied my boat under these same willows for ten years back1 and ,i have not yet exhausted one corner of this neglected pasture4 ,there may be those who go a-fishing and enjoy it4 ,the arranging and selecting of flies1 the joining of rods1 the prospective comfort in high water-boots1 the creel with the leather strap1--every crease in it a reminder of some day without care or fret1--all this may bring the flush to the cheek and the eager kindling of the eye1 and a certain sort of rest and happiness may come with it2 but--they have never gone a-sketching6 ,hauled up on the wet bank in the long grass is your boat1 with the frayed end of the painter tied around some willow that offers a helping root4 ,within a stone's throw1 under a great branching of gnarled trees1 is a nook where the curious sun1 peeping at you through the interlaced leaves1 will stencil ,japanese shadows on your white umbrella4 ,then the trap is unstrapped1 the stool opened1 the easel put up1 and you set your palette4 ,the critical eye with which you look over your brush-case and the care with which you try each feather point upon your thumb-nail are but an index of your enjoyment4 ,now you are ready4 ,you loosen your cravat1 hang your coat to some rustic peg in the creviced bark of the tree behind you1 seize a bit of charcoal from your bag1 sweep your eye around1 and dash in a few guiding strokes4 ,above is a turquoise sky filled with soft white clouds2 behind you the great trunks of the many-branched willows2 and away off1 under the hot sun1 the yellow-green of the wasted pasture1 dotted with patches of rock and weeds1 and hemmed in by the low hills that slope to the curving stream4 ,it is high noon4 ,there is a stillness in the air that impresses you1 broken only by the low murmur of the brook behind and the ceaseless song of the grasshopper among the weeds in front4 ,a tired bumblebee hums past1 rolls lazily over a clover blossom at your feet1 and has his midday luncheon4 ,under the maples near the river's bend stands a group of horses1 their heads touching4 ,in the brook below are the patient cattle1 with patches of sunlight gilding and bronzing their backs and sides4 ,every now and then a breath of cool air starts out from some shaded retreat1 plays around your forehead1 and passes on4 ,all nature rests4 ,it is her noontime4 ,but you work on3 an enthusiasm has taken possession of you2 the paints mix too slowly2 you use your thumb1 smearing and blending with a bit of rag--anything for the effect4 ,one moment you are glued to your seat1 your eye riveted on your canvas1 the next1 you are up and backing away1 taking it in as a whole1 then pouncing down upon it quickly1 belaboring it with your brush4 ,soon the trees take shape2 the sky forms become definite2 the meadow lies flat and loses itself in the fringe of willows4 ,when all of this begins to grow upon your once blank canvas1 and some lucky pat matches the exact tone of blue-gray haze or shimmer of leaf1 or some accidental blending of color delights you with its truth1 a tingling goes down your backbone1 and a rush surges through your veins that stirs you as nothing else in your whole life will ever do4 ,the reaction comes the next day when1 in the cold light of your studio1 you see how far short you have come and how crude and false is your best touch compared with the glory of the landscape in your mind and heart4 ,but the thrill that it gave you will linger forever4 ,but ,i hear a voice behind me calling out3-- ,monsieur1 mamma says that dinner will be ready in half an hour4 ,please do not be late4 ,it is ,lucette4 ,she and ,franois have come down in the other boat--the one with the little seat4 ,they have moved so noiselessly that ,i have not even heard them4 ,the sketch is nearly finished2 and so1 remembering the good madame1 and the ,roquefort1 and the olives1 and the many times ,i have kept her waiting1 ,i wash my brushes at once1 throw my traps into the boat1 and pull back through the winding turn1 ,franois taking the mill-race1 and in the swiftest part springing to the bank and towing ,lucette1 who sits in the stern1 her white skirts tucked around her dainty feet4 ,sacr6 ,he is here4 ,c'est merveilleux6 ,why did you come8 ,because you sent for me1 madame1 and ,i am hungry4 ,mon ,dieu6 ,he is hungry1 and no chicken6 ,it is true4 ,the chicken was served that morning to another tramp for breakfast1 and madame had forgotten all about it1 and had ransacked the settlement for its mate4 ,she was too honest a cook to chase another into the frying-pan4 ,but there was a filet with mushrooms1 and a most surprising salad of chicory fresh from the garden1 and the pease were certain1 and the ,roquefort and the olives beyond question4 ,all this she tells me as ,i walk past the table covered with a snow-white cloth and spread under the grape-vines overlooking the stream1 with the trees standing against the sky1 their long shadows wrinkling down into the water4 ,i enter the summer kitchen built out into the garden1 which also covers the old well1 let down the bucket1 and then1 taking the clean crash towel from its hook1 place the basin on the bench in the sunlight1 and plunge my head into the cool water4 ,madame regards me curiously1 her arms akimbo1 re-hangs the towel1 and asks3-- ,well1 what about the wine8 ,the same8 ,yes2 but ,i will get it myself4 ,the cellar is underneath the larger house4 ,outside is an old-fashioned1 sloping double door4 ,these doors are always open1 and a cool smell of damp straw flavored with vinegar greets you from a leaky keg as you descend into its recesses4 ,on the hard earthen floor rest eight or ten great casks4 ,the walls are lined with bottles large and small1 loaded on shelves to which little white cards are tacked giving the vintage and brand4 ,in one corner1 under the small window1 you will find dozens of boxes of ,french delicacies--truffles1 pease1 mushrooms1 pt de foie gras1 mustard1 and the like1 and behind them rows of olive oil and olives4 ,i carefully draw out a bottle from the row on the last shelf nearest the corner1 mount the steps1 and place it on the table4 ,madame examines the cork1 and puts down the bottle1 remarking sententiously3-- ,chteau ,lamonte1 '#fb6 ,monsieur has told you4 ,there may be ways of dining more delicious than out in the open air under the vines in the cool of the afternoon1 with ,lucette1 in her whitest of aprons1 flitting about1 and madame garnishing the dishes each in turn1 and there may be better bottles of honest red wine to be found up and down this world of care than ,chteau ,lamonte1 '#fb1 but ,i have not yet discovered them4 ,lucette serves the coffee in a little cup1 and leaves the ,roquefort and the cigarettes on the table just as the sun is sinking behind the hill skirting the railroad4 ,while ,i am blowing rings through the grape leaves over my head a quick noise is heard across the stream4 ,lucette runs past me through the garden1 picking up her oars as she goes4 ,oui1 mon pre4 ,i am coming4 ,it is monsieur from his day's work in the city4 ,who is here8 ,i hear him say as he mounts the terrace steps4 ,oh1 the painter--good6 ,ah1 mon ami4 ,so you must see the willows once more4 ,have you not tired of them yet8 ,then1 seating himself1 ,i hope madame has taken good care of you4 ,what1 the '#fb8 ,ah1 ,i remember ,i told you4 ,when it is quite dark he joins me under the leaves1 bringing a second bottle a little better corked he thinks1 and the talk drifts into his early life4 ,what year was that1 monsieur8 ,i asked4 ,in #ahdi4 ,i was a young fellow just grown4 ,i had learned my trade in ,rheims1 and ,i had come down to ,paris to make my bread4 ,two years later came the little affair of ,december #b4 ,that 'nobody1' ,louis1 had dissolved the ,national ,assembly and the ,council of ,state1 and had issued his address to the army4 ,paris was in a ferment4 ,by the help of his soldiers and police he had silenced every voice in ,paris except his own4 ,he had suppressed all the journals1 and locked up everybody who had opposed him4 ,victor ,hugo was in exile1 ,louis ,blanc in ,london1 ,changarnier and ,cavaignac in prison4 ,at the moment ,i was working in a little shop near the ,porte ,st4 ,martin decorating lacquerwork4 ,we workmen all belonged to a secret society which met nightly in a back room over a wine-shop near the ,rue ,royale4 ,we had but one thought--how to upset the little devil at the lyse4 ,among my comrades was a big fellow from my own city1 one ,cambier4 ,he was the leader4 ,on the ground floor of the shop was built a huge oven where the lacquer was baked4 ,at night this was made hot with charcoal and allowed to cool off in the morning ready for the finished work of the previous day4 ,it was ,cambier's duty to attend to this oven4 ,one night just after all but he and two others had left the shop a strange man was discovered in a closet where the men kept their working clothes4 ,he was seized1 brought to the light1 and instantly recognized as a member of the secret police4 ,at daylight the next morning ,i was aroused from my bed1 and1 looking up1 saw ,chapot1 an inspector of police1 standing over me4 ,he had known me from a boy1 and was a friend of my father's4 ',franois1 there is trouble at the shop4 ,a police agent has been murdered4 ,his body was found in the oven4 ,cambier is under arrest4 ,i know what you have been doing1 but ,i also know that in this you have had no hand4 ,here are one hundred francs4 ,leave ,paris in an hour4' ,i put the money in my pocket1 tied my clothes in a bundle1 and that night was on my way to ,havre1 and the next week set sail for here4 ,and what became of ,cambier8 ,i asked4 ,i have never heard from that day to this1 so ,i think they must have snuffed him out4 ,then he drifted into his early life here--the weary tramping of the streets day after day1 the half-starving result1 the language and people unknown4 ,suddenly1 somewhere in the lower part of the city1 he espied a card tacked outside of a window bearing this inscription1 ,decorator wanted4 ,a man inside was painting one of the old-fashioned iron tea-trays common in those days4 ,monsieur took off his hat1 pointed to the card1 then to himself1 seized the brush1 and before the man could protest had covered the bottom with morning-glories so pink and fresh that his troubles ended on the spot4 ,the first week he earned six dollars2 but then this was to be paid at the end of it4 ,for these six days he subsisted on one meal a day4 ,this he ate at a restaurant where at night he washed dishes and blacked the head waiter's boots4 ,when ,saturday came1 and the money was counted out in his hand1 he thrust it into his pocket1 left the shop1 and sat down on a doorstep outside to think4 ,and1 mon ami1 what did ,i do first8 ,got something to eat8 ,never4 ,i paid for a bath1 had my hair cut and my face shaved1 bought a shirt and collar1 and then went back to the restaurant where ,i had washed dishes the night before1 and the head waiter served me4 ,after that it was easy2 the next week it was ten dollars2 then in a few years ,i had a place of my own2 then came madame and ,lucette--and here we are4 ,the twilight had faded into a velvet blue1 sprinkled with stars4 ,the lantern which madame had hung against the arbor shed a yellow light1 throwing into clear relief the sharply cut features of monsieur4 ,up and down the silent stream drifted here and there a phantom boat1 the gleam of its light following like a firefly4 ,from some came no sound but the muffled plash of the oars4 ,from others floated stray bits of song and laughter4 ,far up the stream ,i heard the distant whistle of the down train4 ,it is mine1 monsieur4 ,will you cross with me1 and bring back the boat8 ,monsieur unhooked the lantern1 and ,i followed through the garden and down the terrace steps4 ,at the water's edge was a bench holding two figures4 ,monsieur turned his lantern1 and the light fell upon the face of young ,franois4 ,when the bow grated on the opposite bank ,i shook his hand1 and said1 in parting1 pointing to the lovers1-- ,the same old story1 ,monsieur8 ,yes2 and always new4 ,you must come to the church4 ,,notes ,harlem ,river3--,note that this river is in ,new ,york ,city1 not in ,france as one might suppose from the name of the selection4 ,devonshire3--,a very attractive county of southwestern ,england4 filet3--,a thick slice of meat or fish4 charmant3--,the ,french word for charming4 ,roquefort3--,a kind of cheese4 ,sacr6 ,vous tes le diable3--,curses6 ,you are the very deuce4 passe-partouts3--,engraved ornamental borders for pictures4 gendarme3--,a policeman of ,france4 ,napoleon ,,iii3--,emperor of the ,french1 #aheb-ahgj4 ,he was elected president of the ,republic in #ahdh2 he seized full power in #ahea2 in #aheb1 he was proclaimed emperor4 ,he was a nephew of the great ,napoleon4 confrre3--,a close associate4 ,garibaldi3--,giuseppe ,garibaldi1 an ,italian patriot 7#ahjg-ahhb74 ,chianti3--,a kind of ,italian wine4 ,bronx3--,a small river in the northern part of ,new ,york ,city4 ,restaurant ,franais3--,french restaurant4 the painter3--,a rope at the bow of a boat4 ,c'est merveilleux3--,it's wonderful4 ,mon ,dieu3--,good heavens6 pt de fois gras3--,a delicacy made of fat goose livers4 ,chteau ,lamonte1 '#fb3--;,a kind of wine2 the date refers to the year in which it was bottled4 ,oui1 mon pre3--,yes1 father4 mon ami3--,my friend4 the little affair of ,december #b3--,on ,december #b1 #ahea1 ,louis ,napoleon overawed the ,french legislature and assumed absolute power4 ,just a year later he had himself proclaimed ,emperor4 ,louis3--,napoleon ,,iii4 ,victor ,hugo3--,french poet and novelist 7#ahjb-ahhe74 ,louis ,blanc3--,french author and politician 7#ahab-ahhb74 ,changarnier3--,pronounced shan gr nya'2 ,nicholas ,changarnier1 a ,french general 7#agic-ahgg74 ,cavaignac3--,pronounced ka vay nyak'2 ,louis ,eugene ,cavaignac1 a ,french general 7#ahjc-aheg74 ,he ran for the ,presidency against ,louis ,napoleon4 ,porte ,st4 ,martin3--,the beginning of the ,boulevard ,st4 ,martin1 in ,paris4 ,rue ,royale3--,rue is the ,french word for street4 lyse3--,a palace in ,paris used as a residence by ,napoleon ,,iii4 one hundred francs3--,about twenty dollars4 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study ,what does the title suggest to you8 ,at what point do you change your idea as to the location of ,laguerre's8 ,do you know of any picturesque places that are somewhat like the one described here8 ,could you describe one of them for the class8 ,why do people usually not appreciate the scenery near at hand8 ,what do you think of the plan of seeing ,america first8 ,what is meant here by my traps8 ,why is it better to wait for ,madame8 ,why does ,madame talk so crossly8 ,what sort of person is she8 ,see if you can tell accurately1 from what follows in later pages1 why ,monsieur left ,paris so hastily4 ,how does the author give you an idea of ,franois ,laguerre's appearance8 ,why does the author stop to give us the two paragraphs beginning1 ,there is a quality1 and ,then came a long interval8 ,how does he get back to his subject8 ,why does he not let ,lucette bail the boat8 ,who does bail it at last8 ,why8 ,do you think that every artist enjoys his work as the writer seems to enjoy his8 ,how does he make you feel the pleasure of it8 ,why is there more enjoyment in eating out of doors than in eating in the house8 ,why does the author sprinkle little ,french phrases through the piece8 ,is it a good plan to use foreign phrases in this way8 ,what kind of man is ,monsieur ,laguerre8 ,review his story carefully4 ,why was the police agent murdered8 ,who killed him8 ,why has ,monsieur ,laguerre never found out what became of ,cambier8 ,this selection deals with a number of different subjects3 ,why does it not seem choppy8 ,how does the author manage to link the different parts together8 ,how would you describe this piece to some one who had not read it8 ,mr4 ,smith is an artist who paints in water-colors3 do you see how his painting influences his writing8 ,,theme ,,subjects ,madame ,laguerre ,old-fashioned ,garden ,the ,ferry ,sketching ,an ,old ,pasture ,the ,stream ,good ,places to ,sketch ,learning to ,paint ,an ,old ,man with a ,history ,an ,incident in ,french ,history ,getting ,dinner under ,difficulties ,a ,scene in the ,kitchen ,washing at the ,pump ,the ,flight of the ,suspect ,crossing the ,ocean penniless ,the ,foreigner ,looking for ,work ,a ,dinner out of ,doors ,the ,french ,family at ,home ,the ,cellar ,some ,pictures that ,i ,like ,a ,restaurant ,a ,country ,inn ,what my ,foreign ,neighbors ,eat ,landscapes ,the ,artist ,,suggestions ,,for ,,writing ,the ,stream3--,plan a description of some stream that you know well4 ,imagine yourself taking a trip up the stream in a boat4 ,tell something of the weather and the time of day4 ,speak briefly of the boat and its occupants4 ,describe the first picturesque spot3 the trees and flowers2 the buildings1 if there are any2 the reflections in the water2 the people that you see4 ,go on from point to point1 describing the particularly interesting places4 ,do not try to do too much4 ,vary your account by telling of the boats you meet4 ,perhaps there will be some brief dialogues that you can report1 or some little adventures that you can relate4 ,close your theme by telling of your arrival at your destination1 or of your turning about to go back down the stream4 ,an ,old ,man with a ,history3--,perhaps you can take this from real life2 or perhaps you know some interesting old man whose early adventures you can imagine4 ,tell briefly how you happened to know the old man4 ,describe him4 ,speak of his manners1 his way of speaking2 his character as it appeared when you knew him4 ,how did you learn his story8 ,imagine him relating it4 ,where was he when he told it8 ,how did he act8 ,was he willing to tell the story1 or did he have to be persuaded8 ,tell the story simply and directly1 in his words1 breaking it now and then by a comment or a question from the listener 7or listeners74 ,it might be well to explain occasionally how the old man seemed to feel1 what expressions his face assumed1 and what gestures he made4 ,go on thus to the end of the story4 ,is it necessary for you to make any remarks at the last1 after the man has finished8 ,a ,country ,inn3--,see the outline for a similar subject on page #bbi4 ,,collateral ,,readings ,a ,day at ,laguerre's and ,other ,days ,f4 ,hopkinson ,smith ,gondola ,days ,the ,under ,dog ,caleb ,west1 ,master ,diver ,tom ,grogan ,the ,other ,fellow ,colonel ,carter of ,cartersville ,colonel ,carter's ,christmas ,the ,fortunes of ,oliver ,horn ,forty ,minutes ,late ,at ,close ,range ,a ,white ,umbrella in ,mexico ,a ,gentleman ,vagabond 7,note especially in this1 ,along the ,bronx47 ,fisherman's ,luck ,henry van ,dyke ,a ,lazy ,idle ,brook 7in ,fisherman's ,luck7 ,little ,rivers ,the ,friendly ,road ,david ,grayson ,adventures in ,contentment ,for information concerning ,mr4 ,smith1 consult3-- ,a ,history of ,southern ,literature1 p4 #cge41 ,carl ,holliday ,american ,authors and their ,homes1 pp4 #ahg-aid ,f4,w4 ,halsey ,bookman1 #ag3af 7,portrait72 #bd3i1 ,september1 #aijf 7,portrait72 #bh3i1 ,september1 #aijh 7,portrait74 ,arena1 #ch3fgh1 ,december1 #aijg4 ,outlook1 #ic3fhi1 ,november #bg1 #aiji4 ,bookbuyer1 #be3ag-bj1 ,august1 #aijb4 ,,quite ,,so ,,thomas ,,bailey ,,aldrich 7,in ,marjorie ,daw1 and ,other ,stories7 ,i ,of course that was not his name4 ,even in the ,state of ,maine1 where it is still a custom to maim a child for life by christening him ,arioch or ,shadrach or ,ephraim1 nobody would dream of calling a boy ,quite ,so4 ,it was merely a nickname which we gave him in camp2 but it stuck to him with such bur-like tenacity1 and is so inseparable from my memory of him1 that ,i do not think ,i could write definitely of ,john ,bladburn if ,i were to call him anything but ,quite ,so4 ,it was one night shortly after the first battle of ,bull ,run4 ,the ,army of the ,potomac1 shattered1 stunned1 and forlorn1 was back in its old quarters behind the earth-works4 ,the melancholy line of ambulances bearing our wounded to ,washington was not done creeping over ,long ,bridge2 the blue smocks and the gray still lay in windrows on the field of ,manassas2 and the gloom that weighed down our hearts was like the fog that stretched along the bosom of the ,potomac1 and infolded the valley of the ,shenandoah4 ,a drizzling rain had set in at twilight1 and1 growing bolder with the darkness1 was beating a dismal tattoo on the tent1--the tent of ,mess #f1 ,company ,a1 --th ,regiment1 ,n4,y4 ,volunteers4 ,our mess1 consisting originally of eight men1 was reduced to four4 ,little ,billy1 as one of the boys grimly remarked1 had concluded to remain at ,manassas2 ,corporal ,steele we had to leave at ,fairfax ,court-,house1 shot through the hip2 ,hunter and ,suydam we had said good-by to that afternoon4 ,tell ,johnny ,reb1 says ,hunter1 lifting up the leather sidepiece of the ambulance1 that ,i'll be back again as soon as ,i get a new leg4 ,but ,suydam said nothing2 he only unclosed his eyes languidly and smiled farewell to us4 ,the four of us who were left alive and unhurt that shameful ,july day sat gloomily smoking our brier-wood pipes1 thinking our thoughts1 and listening to the rain pattering against the canvas4 ,that1 and the occasional whine of a hungry cur1 foraging on the outskirts of the camp for a stray bone1 alone broke the silence1 save when a vicious drop of rain detached itself meditatively from the ridge-pole of the tent1 and fell upon the wick of our tallow candle1 making it cuss1 as ,ned ,strong described it4 ,the candle was in the midst of one of its most profane fits when ,blakely1 knocking the ashes from his pipe and addressing no one in particular1 but giving breath1 unconsciously as it were1 to the result of his cogitations1 observed that it was considerable of a fizzle4 ,the 'on to ,richmond' business8 ,yes4 ,i wonder what they'll do about it over yonder1 said ,curtis1 pointing over his right shoulder4 ,by over yonder he meant the ,north in general and ,massachusetts especially4 ,curtis was a ,boston boy1 and his sense of locality was so strong that1 during all his wanderings in ,virginia1 ,i do not believe there was a moment1 day or night1 when he could not have made a bee-line for ,faneuil ,hall4 ,do about it8 cried ,strong4 ,they'll make about two hundred thousand blue flannel trousers and send them along1 each pair with a man in it1--all the short men in the long trousers1 and all the tall men in the short ones1 he added1 ruefully contemplating his own leg-gear1 which scarcely reached to his ankles4 ,that's so1 said ,blakely4 ,just now1 when ,i was tackling the commissary for an extra candle1 ,i saw a crowd of new fellows drawing blankets4 ,i say there1 drop that6 cried ,strong4 ,all right1 sir1 didn't know it was you1 he added hastily1 seeing it was ,lieutenant ,haines who had thrown back the flap of the tent1 and let in a gust of wind and rain that threatened the most serious bronchial consequences to our discontented tallow dip4 ,you're to bunk in here1 said the lieutenant1 speaking to some one outside4 ,the some one stepped in1 and ,haines vanished in the darkness4 ,when ,strong had succeeded in restoring the candle to consciousness1 the light fell upon a tall1 shy-looking man of about thirty-five1 with long1 hay-colored beard and mustache1 upon which the rain-drops stood in clusters1 like the night-dew on patches of cobweb in a meadow4 ,it was an honest face1 with unworldly sort of blue eyes1 that looked out from under the broad visor of the infantry cap4 ,with a deferential glance towards us1 the new-comer unstrapped his knapsack1 spread his blanket over it1 and sat down unobtrusively4 ,rather damp night out1 remarked ,blakely1 whose strong hand was supposed to be conversation4 ,quite so1 replied the stranger1 not curtly1 but pleasantly1 and with an air as if he had said all there was to be said about it4 ,come from the ,north recently8 inquired ,blakely1 after a pause4 ,yes4 ,from any place in particular8 ,maine4 ,people considerably stirred up down there8 continued ,blakely1 determined not to give up4 ,quite so4 ,blakely threw a puzzled look over the tent1 and seeing ,ned ,strong on the broad grin1 frowned severely4 ,strong instantly assumed an abstracted air1 and began humming softly1 ,i wish ,i was in ,dixie4 ,the ,state of ,maine1 observed ,blakely1 with a certain defiance of manner not at all necessary in discussing a geographical question1 is a pleasant ,state4 ,in summer1 suggested the stranger4 ,in summer1 ,i mean1 returned ,blakely with animation1 thinking he had broken the ice4 ,cold as blazes in winter1 though1--isn't it8 ,the new recruit merely nodded4 ,blakely eyed the man homicidally for a moment1 and then1 smiling one of those smiles of simulated gayety which the novelists inform us are more tragic than tears1 turned upon him with withering irony4 ,trust you left the old folks pretty comfortable8 ,dead4 ,the old folks dead6 ,quite so4 ,blakely made a sudden dive for his blanket1 tucked it around him with painful precision1 and was heard no more4 ,just then the bugle sounded lights out1--bugle answering bugle in far-off camps4 ,when our not elaborate night-toilets were complete1 ,strong threw somebody else's old boot at the candle with infallible aim1 and darkness took possession of the tent4 ,ned1 who lay on my left1 presently reached over to me1 and whispered1 ,i say1 our friend 'quite so' is a garrulous old boy6 ,he'll talk himself to death some of these odd times1 if he isn't careful4 ,how he did run on6 ,the next morning1 when ,i opened my eyes1 the new member of ,mess #f was sitting on his knapsack1 combing his blond beard with a horn comb4 ,he nodded pleasantly to me1 and to each of the boys as they woke up1 one by one4 ,blakely did not appear disposed to renew the animated conversation of the previous night2 but while he was gone to make a requisition for what was in pure sarcasm called coffee1 ,curtis ventured to ask the man his name4 ,bladburn1 ,john1 was the reply4 ,that's rather an unwieldy name for everyday use1 put in ,strong4 ,if it wouldn't hurt your feelings1 ,i'd like to call you ,quite ,so1--for short4 ,don't say no1 if you don't like it4 ,is it agreeable8 ,bladburn gave a little laugh1 all to himself1 seemingly1 and was about to say1 ,quite so1 when he caught at the words1 blushed like a girl1 and nodded a sunny assent to ,strong4 ,from that day until the end1 the sobriquet clung to him4 ,the disaster at ,bull ,run was followed1 as the reader knows1 by a long period of masterly inactivity1 so far as the ,army of the ,potomac was concerned4 ,mc,dowell1 a good soldier but unlucky1 retired to ,arlington ,heights1 and ,mc,clellan1 who had distinguished himself in ,western ,virginia1 took command of the forces in front of ,washington1 and bent his energies to reorganizing the demoralized troops4 ,it was a dreary time to the people of the ,north1 who looked fatuously from week to week for the fall of ,richmond2 and it was a dreary time to the denizens of that vast city of tents and forts which stretched in a semicircle before the beleaguered ,capitol1--so tedious and soul-wearing a time that the hardships of forced marches and the horrors of battle became desirable things to them4 ,roll-call morning and evening1 guard-duty1 dress-parades1 an occasional reconnaissance1 dominoes1 wrestling-matches1 and such rude games as could be carried on in camp made up the sum of our lives4 ,the arrival of the mail with letters and papers from home was the event of the day4 ,we noticed that ,bladburn neither wrote nor received any letters4 ,when the rest of the boys were scribbling away for dear life1 with drumheads and knapsacks and cracker-boxes for writing-desks1 he would sit serenely smoking his pipe1 but looking out on us through rings of smoke with a face expressive of the tenderest interest4 ,look here1 ,quite ,so1 ,strong would say1 the mail-bag closes in half an hour4 ,ain't you going to write8 ,i believe not to-day1 ,bladburn would reply1 as if he had written yesterday1 or would write to-morrow3 but he never wrote4 ,he had become a great favorite with us1 and with all the officers of the regiment4 ,he talked less than any man ,i ever knew1 but there was nothing sinister or sullen in his reticence4 ,it was sunshine1--warmth and brightness1 but no voice4 ,unassuming and modest to the verge of shyness1 he impressed every one as a man of singular pluck and nerve4 ,do you know1 said ,curtis to me one day1 that that fellow ,quite ,so is clear grit1 and when we come to close quarters with our ,palmetto brethren over yonder1 he'll do something devilish8 ,what makes you think so8 ,well1 nothing quite explainable2 the exasperating coolness of the man1 as much as anything4 ,this morning the boys were teasing ,muffin ,fan a small mulatto girl who used to bring muffins into camp three times a week1--at the peril of her life6 and ,jemmy ,blunt of ,company ,k--you know him--was rather rough on the girl1 when ,quite ,so1 who had been reading under a tree1 shut one finger in his book1 walked over to where the boys were skylarking1 and with the smile of a juvenile angel on his face lifted ,jemmy out of that and set him down gently in front of his own tent4 ,there ,blunt sat speechless1 staring at ,quite ,so1 who was back again under the tree1 pegging away at his little ,latin grammar4 ,that ,latin grammar6 ,he always had it about him1 reading it or turning over its dog's-eared pages at odd intervals and in out-of-the-way places4 ,half a dozen times a day he would draw it out from the bosom of his blouse1 which had taken the shape of the book just over the left breast1 look at it as if to assure himself it was all right1 and then put the thing back4 ,at night the volume lay beneath his pillow4 ,the first thing in the morning1 before he was well awake1 his hand would go groping instinctively under his knapsack in search of it4 ,a devastating curiosity seized upon us boys concerning that ,latin grammar1 for we had discovered the nature of the book4 ,strong wanted to steal it one night1 but concluded not to4 ,in the first place1 reflected ,strong1 ,i haven't the heart to do it1 and in the next place ,i haven't the moral courage4 ,quite ,so would placidly break every bone in my body4 ,and ,i believe ,strong was not far out of the way4 ,sometimes ,i was vexed with myself for allowing this tall1 simple-hearted country fellow to puzzle me so much4 ,and yet1 was he a simple-hearted country fellow8 ,city bred he certainly was not2 but his manner1 in spite of his awkwardness1 had an indescribable air of refinement4 ,now and then1 too1 he dropped a word or a phrase that showed his familiarity with unexpected lines of reading4 ,the other day1 said ,curtis1 with the slightest elevation of eyebrow1 he had the cheek to correct my ,latin for me4 ,in short1 ,quite ,so was a daily problem to the members of ,mess #f4 ,whenever he was absent1 and ,blakely and ,curtis and ,strong and ,i got together in the tent1 we discussed him1 evolving various theories to explain why he never wrote to anybody and why nobody ever wrote to him4 ,had the man committed some terrible crime1 and fled to the army to hide his guilt8 ,blakely suggested that he must have murdered the old folks4 ,what did he mean by eternally conning that tattered ,latin grammar8 ,and was his name ,bladburn1 anyhow8 ,even his imperturbable amiability became suspicious4 ,and then his frightful reticence6 ,if he was the victim of any deep grief or crushing calamity1 why didn't he seem unhappy8 ,what business had he to be cheerful8 ,it's my opinion1 said ,strong1 that he's a rival ,wandering ,jew2 the original ,jacobs1 you know1 was a dark fellow4 ,blakely inferred from something ,bladburn had said1 or something he had not said1--which was more likely1--that he had been a schoolmaster at some period of his life4 ,schoolmaster be hanged6 was ,strong's comment4 ,can you fancy a schoolmaster going about conjugating baby verbs out of a dratted little spelling-book8 ,no1 ,quite ,so has evidently been a--a--,blest if ,i can imagine what he's been6 ,whatever ,john ,bladburn had been1 he was a lonely man4 ,whenever ,i want a type of perfect human isolation1 ,i shall think of him1 as he was in those days1 moving remote1 self-contained1 and alone in the midst of two hundred thousand men4 ,,ii ,the ,indian summer1 with its infinite beauty and tenderness1 came like a reproach that year to ,virginia4 ,the foliage1 touched here and there with prismatic tints1 drooped motionless in the golden haze4 ,the delicate ,virginia creeper was almost minded to put forth its scarlet buds again4 ,no wonder the lovely phantom--this dusky ,southern sister of the pale ,northern ,june--lingered not long with us1 but1 filling the once peaceful glens and valleys with her pathos1 stole away rebukefully before the savage enginery of man4 ,the preparations that had been going on for months in arsenals and foundries at the ,north were nearly completed4 ,for weeks past the air had been filled with rumors of an advance2 but the rumor of to-day refuted the rumor of yesterday1 and the ,grand ,army did not move4 ,heintzelman's corps was constantly folding its tents1 like the ,arabs1 and as silently stealing away2 but somehow it was always in the same place the next morning4 ,one day1 at length1 orders came down for our brigade to move4 ,we're going to ,richmond1 boys6 shouted ,strong1 thrusting his head in at the tent2 and we all cheered and waved our caps like mad4 ,you see1 ,big ,bethel and ,bull ,run and ,ball's ,bluff 7the ,bloody ,b's1 as we used to call them17 hadn't taught us any better sense4 ,rising abruptly from the plateau1 to the left of our encampment1 was a tall hill covered with a stunted growth of red-oak1 persimmon1 and chestnut4 ,the night before we struck tents ,i climbed up to the crest to take a parting look at a spectacle which custom had not been able to rob of its enchantment4 ,there1 at my feet1 and extending miles and miles away1 lay the camps of the ,grand ,army1 with its camp-fires reflected luridly against the sky4 ,thousands of lights were twinkling in every direction1 some nestling in the valley1 some like fire-flies beating their wings and palpitating among the trees1 and others stretching in parallel lines and curves1 like the street-lamps of a city4 ,somewhere1 far off1 a band was playing1 at intervals it seemed2 and now and then1 nearer to1 a silvery strain from a bugle shot sharply up through the night1 and seemed to lose itself like a rocket among the stars1--the patient1 untroubled stars4 ,suddenly a hand was laid upon my arm4 ,i'd like to say a word to you1 said ,bladburn4 ,with a little start of surprise1 ,i made room for him on the fallen tree where ,i was seated4 ,i mayn't get another chance1 he said4 ,you and the boys have been very kind to me1 kinder than ,i deserve2 but sometimes ,i've fancied that my not saying anything about myself had given you the idea that all was not right in my past4 ,i want to say that ,i came down to ,virginia with a clean record4 ,we never really doubted it1 ,bladburn4 ,if ,i didn't write home1 he continued1 it was because ,i hadn't any home1 neither kith nor kin4 ,when ,i said the old folks were dead1 ,i said it4 ,am ,i boring you8 ,if ,i thought ,i was-- ,no1 ,bladburn4 ,i have often wanted you to talk to me about yourself1 not from idle curiosity1 ,i trust1 but because ,i liked you that rainy night when you came to camp1 and have gone on liking you ever since4 ,this isn't too much to say1 when ,heaven only knows how soon ,i may be past saying it or you listening to it4 ,that's it1 said ,bladburn1 hurriedly1 that's why ,i want to talk with you4 ,i've a fancy that ,i shan't come out of our first battle4 ,the words gave me a queer start1 for ,i had been trying several days to throw off a similar presentiment concerning him1--a foolish presentiment that grew out of a dream4 ,in case anything of that kind turns up1 he continued1 ,i'd like you to have my ,latin grammar here1--you've seen me reading it4 ,you might stick it away in a bookcase1 for the sake of old times4 ,it goes against me to think of it falling into rough hands or being kicked about camp and trampled under foot4 ,he was drumming softly with his fingers on the volume in the bosom of his blouse4 ,i didn't intend to speak of this to a living soul1 he went on1 motioning me not to answer him2 but something took hold of me to-night and made me follow you up here4 ,perhaps1 if ,i told you all1 you would be the more willing to look after the little book in case it goes ill with me4 ,when the war broke out ,i was teaching school down in ,maine1 in the same village where my father was schoolmaster before me4 ,the old man when he died left me quite alone4 ,i lived pretty much by myself1 having no interests outside of the district school1 which seemed in a manner my personal property4 ,eight years ago last spring a new pupil was brought to the school1 a slight slip of a girl1 with a sad kind of face and quiet ways4 ,perhaps it was because she wasn't very strong1 and perhaps because she wasn't used over well by those who had charge of her1 or perhaps it was because my life was lonely1 that my heart warmed to the child4 ,it all seems like a dream now1 since that ,april morning when little ,mary stood in front of my desk with her pretty eyes looking down bashfully and her soft hair falling over her face4 ,one day ,i look up1 and six years have gone by1--as they go by in dreams1--and among the scholars is a tall girl of sixteen1 with serious1 womanly eyes which ,i cannot trust myself to look upon4 ,the old life has come to an end4 ,the child has become a woman and can teach the master now4 ,so help me ,heaven1 ,i didn't know that ,i loved her until that day6 ,long after the children had gone home ,i sat in the schoolroom with my face resting on my hands4 ,there was her desk1 the afternoon shadows falling across it4 ,it never looked empty and cheerless before4 ,i went and stood by the low chair1 as ,i had stood hundreds of times4 ,on the desk was a pile of books1 ready to be taken away1 and among the rest a small ,latin grammar which we had studied together4 ,what little despairs and triumphs and happy hours were associated with it6 ,i took it up curiously1 as if it were some gentle dead thing1 and turned over the pages1 and could hardly see them4 ,turning the pages1 idly so1 ,i came to a leaf on which something was written with ink1 in the familiar girlish hand4 ,it was only the words ',dear ,john1' through which she had drawn two hasty pencil lines--,i wish she hadn't drawn those lines6 added ,bladburn1 under his breath4 ,he was silent for a minute or two1 looking off towards the camps1 where the lights were fading out one by one4 ,i had no right to go and love ,mary4 ,i was twice her age1 an awkward1 unsocial man1 that would have blighted her youth4 ,i was as wrong as wrong can be4 ,but ,i never meant to tell her4 ,i locked the grammar in my desk and the secret in my heart for a year4 ,i couldn't bear to meet her in the village1 and kept away from every place where she was likely to be4 ,then she came to me1 and sat down at my feet penitently1 just as she used to do when she was a child1 and asked what she had done to anger me2 and then1 ,heaven forgive me6 ,i told her all1 and asked her if she could say with her lips the words she had written1 and she nestled in my arms all a-trembling like a bird1 and said them over and over again4 ,when ,mary's family heard of our engagement1 there was trouble4 ,they looked higher for ,mary than a middle-aged schoolmaster4 ,no blame to them4 ,they forbade me the house1 her uncles2 but we met in the village and at the neighbors' houses1 and ,i was happy1 knowing she loved me4 ,matters were in this state when the war came on4 ,i had a strong call to look after the old flag1 and ,i hung my head that day when the company raised in our village marched by the schoolhouse to the railroad station2 but ,i couldn't tear myself away4 ,about this time the minister's son1 who had been away to college1 came to the village4 ,he met ,mary here and there1 and they became great friends4 ,he was a likely fellow1 near her own age1 and it was natural they should like one another4 ,sometimes ,i winced at seeing him made free of the home from which ,i was shut out2 then ,i would open the grammar at the leaf where ',dear ,john' was written up in the corner1 and my trouble was gone4 ,mary was sorrowful and pale these days1 and ,i think her people were worrying her4 ,it was one evening two or three days before we got the news of ,bull ,run4 ,i had gone down to the burying-ground to trim the spruce hedge set round the old man's lot1 and was just stepping into the enclosure1 when ,i heard voices from the opposite side4 ,one was ,mary's1 and the other ,i knew to be young ,marston's1 the minister's son4 ,i didn't mean to listen1 but what ,mary was saying struck me dumb4 ,we must never meet again1 she was saying in a wild way4 ,we must say good-by here1 forever1--good-by1 good-by6 ,and ,i could hear her sobbing4 ,then1 presently1 she said1 hurriedly1 ,no1 no2 my hand1 not my lips6 ,then it seemed he kissed her hands1 and the two parted1 one going towards the parsonage1 and the other out by the gate near where ,i stood4 ,i don't know how long ,i stood there1 but the night-dews had wet me to the bone when ,i stole out of the graveyard and across the road to the schoolhouse4 ,i unlocked the door1 and took the ,latin grammar from the desk and hid it in my bosom4 ,there was not a sound or a light anywhere as ,i walked out of the village4 ,and now1 said ,bladburn1 rising suddenly from the tree-trunk1 if the little book ever falls in your way1 won't you see that it comes to no harm1 for my sake1 and for the sake of the little woman who was true to me and didn't love me8 ,wherever she is to-night1 ,god bless her6 99 99 99 99 99 ,as we descended to camp with our arms resting on each other's shoulder1 the watch-fires were burning low in the valleys and along the hillsides1 and as far as the eye could reach1 the silent tents lay bleaching in the moonlight4 ,,iii ,we imagined that the throwing forward of our brigade was the initial movement of a general advance of the army3 but that1 as the reader will remember1 did not take place until the following ,march4 ,the ,confederates had fallen back to ,centreville without firing a shot1 and the ,national troops were in possession of ,lewinsville1 ,vienna1 and ,fairfax ,court-,house4 ,our new position was nearly identical with that which we had occupied on the night previous to the battle of ,bull ,run1--on the old turnpike road to ,manassas1 where the enemy was supposed to be in great force4 ,with a field-glass we could see the ,rebel pickets moving in a belt of woodland on our right1 and morning and evening we heard the spiteful roll of their snare-drums4 ,those pickets soon became a nuisance to us4 ,hardly a night passed but they fired upon our outposts1 so far with no harmful result2 but after a while it grew to be a serious matter4 ,the ,rebels would crawl out on all-fours from the wood into a field covered with underbrush1 and lie there in the dark for hours1 waiting for a shot4 ,then our men took to the rifle-pits1--pits ten or twelve feet long by four or five feet deep1 with the loose earth banked up a few inches high on the exposed sides4 ,all the pits bore names1 more or less felicitous1 by which they were known to their transient tenants4 ,one was called ,the ,pepper-,box1 another ,uncle ,sam's ,well1 another ,the ,reb-,trap1 and another1 ,i am constrained to say1 was named after a not to be mentioned tropical locality4 ,though this rude sort of nomenclature predominated1 there was no lack of softer titles1 such as ,fortress ,matilda and ,castle ,mary1 and one had1 though unintentionally1 a literary flavor to it1 ,blair's ,grave1 which was not popularly considered as reflecting unpleasantly on ,nat ,blair1 who had assisted in making the excavation4 ,some of the regiment had discovered a field of late corn in the neighborhood1 and used to boil a few ears every day1 while it lasted1 for the boys detailed on the night-picket4 ,the corn-cobs were always scrupulously preserved and mounted on the parapets of the pits4 ,whenever a ,rebel shot carried away one of these barbette guns1 there was swearing in that particular trench4 ,strong1 who was very sensitive to this kind of disaster1 was complaining bitterly one morning1 because he had lost three pieces the night before4 ,there's ,quite ,so1 now1 said ,strong1 when a ,minie-ball comes ping6 and knocks one of his guns to flinders1 he merely smiles1 and doesn't at all see the degradation of the thing4 ,poor ,bladburn6 ,as ,i watched him day by day going about his duties1 in his shy1 cheery way1 with a smile for every one and not an extra word for anybody1 it was hard to believe he was the same man who1 that night before we broke camp by the ,potomac1 had poured out to me the story of his love and sorrow in words that burned in my memory4 ,while ,strong was speaking1 ,blakely lifted aside the flap of the tent and looked in on us4 ,boys1 ,quite ,so was hurt last night1 he said1 with a white tremor to his lip4 ,what6 ,shot on picket4 ,why1 he was in the pit next to mine1 cried ,strong4 ,badly hurt8 ,badly hurt4 ,i knew he was2 ,i need not have asked the question4 ,he never meant to go back to ,new ,england6 99 99 99 99 99 ,bladburn was lying on the stretcher in the hospital-tent4 ,the surgeon had knelt down by him1 and was carefully cutting away the bosom of his blouse4 ,the ,latin grammar1 stained and torn1 slipped1 and fell to the floor4 ,bladburn gave me a quick glance4 ,i picked up the book1 and as ,i placed it in his hand1 the icy fingers closed softly over mine4 ,he was sinking fast4 ,in a few minutes the surgeon finished his examination4 ,when he rose to his feet there were tears on the weather-beaten cheeks4 ,he was a rough outside1 but a tender heart4 ,my poor lad1 he blurted out1 it's no use4 ,if you've anything to say1 say it now1 for you've nearly done with this world4 ,then ,bladburn lifted his eyes slowly to the surgeon1 and the old smile flitted over his face as he murmured1-- ,quite so4 ,,notes the first battle of ,bull ,run3--,fought ,july #ba1 #ahfa2 known in the ,south as ,manassas4 ,long ,bridge3--,a bridge over which the ,union soldiers crossed in fleeing to ,washington after the battle of ,bull ,run4 ,shenandoah3--,a river and a valley in ,virginia--the scene of many events in the ,civil ,war4 ,fairfax ,court ,house3--,near ,manassas ,junction4 ,on to ,richmond3--,in #ahfa the newspapers of the ,north were violently demanding an attack on ,richmond4 ,faneuil ,hall3--,an historic hall in ,boston1 in which important meetings were held before the ,revolution4 ,mc,dowell3--,irving ,mc,dowell1 who commanded the ,union troops at ,bull ,run4 ,mc,clellan3--,george ,b4 ,mc,clellan1 commander of the ,army of the ,potomac4 ,wandering ,jew3--,a legendary person said to have been condemned to wander over the earth1 undying1 till the ,day of ,judgment4 ,the legend is probably founded on a passage in the ,bible--,john #ba3bj-bc4 folding its tents3--,a quotation from ,the ,day is ,done1 by ,longfellow4 ,the lines are3-- ,and the night shall be filled with music1 ,and the cares1 that infest the day1 ,shall fold their tents1 like the ,arabs1 ,and as silently steal away4 ,big ,bethel3--,the ,union troops were defeated here on ,june #aj1 #ahfa4 ,ball's ,bluff3--,a place on the ,potomac where the ,union soldiers were beaten1 ,october #ba1 #ahfa4 ,centreville3--,a small town1 the ,union base in the first ,battle of ,bull ,run4 ,lewinsville3--,a small town1 north of ,centreville4 ,vienna3--,a village in the ,bull ,run district4 ,blair's ,grave3--,robert ,blair1 a ,scotch writer1 published 7#agdc7 a poem in blank verse called ,the ,grave4 barbette guns3--,guns elevated to fire over the top of a turret or parapet4 minie-ball3--,a conical ball plugged with iron1 named after its inventor1 ,captain ,mini1 of ,france4 ,,questions ,,for ,,study ,read the piece through without stopping1 so that you can get the story4 ,then go back to the beginning and study with the help of the following questions3-- ,compare the first sentence with the first sentence of ,tennessee's ,partner4 ,what do you think of the method8 ,what is the use of the first paragraph in ,quite ,so8 ,why the long paragraph giving the setting8 ,is this a good method in writing a story8 ,what had become of ,little ,billy8 ,who was ,johnny ,reb8 ,what do you think of bringing in humorous touches when one is dealing with things so serious as war and battles8 ,what does ,drop that6 refer to8 ,why does ,strong change his tone8 ,note what details the author has selected in order to give a clear picture of ,quite ,so in a few words4 ,how does the conversation reveal the stranger's character8 ,what is shown by the fact that ,quite ,so does not write any letters8 ,what is the purpose of the episode of ,muffin ,fan8 ,what devices does the author use1 in order to bring out the mystery and the loneliness of ,quite ,so8 ,note how the author emphasizes the passage of time4 ,why does ,bladburn finally tell his story8 ,how does it reveal his character8 ,was ,mary right in what she did8 ,why are some sentences in the text printed in italics8 ,was ,bladburn right in leaving his home village without explanation8 ,why did he do so8 ,what do you get from the sentence1 ,he never meant to go back to ,new ,england8 ,what is the impression made by the last sentence8 ,do you like the story8 ,,theme ,,subjects ,a ,mysterious ,person ,the ,new ,girl at ,school ,the ,schoolmaster's ,romance ,a ,sudden ,departure ,a ,camp ,scene ,the ,g4,a4,r4 on ,memorial ,day ,the ,militia in our ,town ,an ,old ,soldier ,a ,story of the ,civil ,war ,some ,relics of the ,civil ,war ,watching the ,cadets ,drill ,my ,uncle's ,experiences in the ,war ,a ,sham ,battle ,a ,visit to an ,old ,battlefield ,on ,picket ,duty ,a ,daughter of the ,confederacy ,stonewall ,jackson ,modern ,ways of ,preventing ,war ,the ,soldiers' ,home ,an ,escape from a ,military ,prison ,the ,women's ,relief ,corps ,women in the ,civil ,war ,,suggestions ,,for ,,writing ,an ,old ,soldier3--,tell how you happen to know this old soldier4 ,where does he live8 ,do you see him often8 ,what is he doing when you see him8 ,describe him as vividly as you can3--his general appearance2 his clothes2 his way of walking4 ,speak particularly of his face and its expression4 ,if possible1 let us hear him talk4 ,perhaps you can tell some of his war stories--in his own words4 ,a ,mysterious ,person3--,imagine a mysterious person appearing in a little town where everybody knows everybody else4 ,tell how he 7or she7 arrives4 ,how does he look8 ,what does he do8 ,explain clearly why he is particularly hard to account for4 ,what do people say about him8 ,try to make each person's remarks fit his individual character4 ,how do people try to find out about the stranger8 ,does he notice their curiosity8 ,do they ask him questions8 ,if so1 give some bits of their conversations with him4 ,you might go on and make a story of some length out of this4 ,show whether the stranger really has any reason for concealing his identity4 ,does he get into any trouble8 ,does an accident reveal who he is and why he is in the town8 ,does some one find out by spying upon him8 ,or does he tell all about himself1 when the right time comes8 ,perhaps you can put the story into the form of a series of brief conversations about the stranger or with him4 ,an ,incident of the ,civil ,war3--,select some historical incident1 or one that you have heard from an old soldier1 and tell it simply and vividly in your own words4 ,,collateral ,,readings ,the ,story of a ,bad ,boy ,thomas ,bailey ,aldrich ,marjorie ,daw and ,other ,people ,the ,stillwater ,tragedy ,prudence ,palfrey ,from ,ponkapog to ,pesth ,the ,queen of ,sheba ,a ,sea ,turn and ,other ,matters ,for ,bravery on the ,field of ,battle 7in ,two ,bites at a ,cherry7 ,the ,return of a ,private 7in ,main-,travelled ,roads7 ,hamlin ,garland ,on the ,eve of the ,fourth ,harold ,frederic ,marse ,chan ,thomas ,nelson ,page ,meh ,lady ,the ,burial of the ,guns ,red ,rock ,the ,long ,roll ,mary ,johnston ,cease ,firing ,the ,crisis ,winston ,churchill ,where the ,battle was ,fought ,mary ,n4 ,murfree ,the ,little ,shepherd of ,kingdom ,come ,john ,fox1 ,jr4 ,hospital ,sketches ,louisa ,m4 ,alcott ,a ,blockaded ,family ,p4,a4 ,hague ,he ,knew ,lincoln#b ,ida ,tarbell ,the ,perfect ,tribute#c ,m4,r4,s4 ,andrews ,the ,toy ,shop#d ,m4,s4 ,gerry ,thomas ,bailey ,aldrich ,ferris ,greenslet ,park ,street ,papers1 pp4 #adc-gj ,bliss ,perry ,american ,writers of ,to-day1 pp4 #ajd-bc ,h4,c4 ,vedder ,american ,authors and their ,homes1 pp4 #hi-ih ,f4,w4 ,halsey ,american ,authors at ,home1 pp4 #c-af ,j4,l4 and ,j4,b4 ,gilder ,literary ,pilgrimages in ,new ,england1 pp4 #hi-ig ,e4,m4 ,bacon ,thomas ,bailey ,aldrich 7poem7 ,henry van ,dyke ,for biographies and criticisms of ,thomas ,b4 ,aldrich1 see also3 ,outlook1 #hf3ibb1 ,august #bd1 #aijg2 #hd3gce1 ,november #bd1 #aijf2 #he3gcg1 ,march #cj1 #aijg4 ,bookman1 #bd3cag1 ,december1 #aijf 7,portrait72 also #be3bah 7,portrait74 ,current ,literature1 #db3di1 ,january1 #aijg 7,portrait74 ,chautauquan1 #fe3afh1 ,january1 #aiab4 ,,pan ,,in ,,wall ,,street ,a4,d4 #ahfg ,,edmund ,,clarence ,,stedman ,just where the ,treasury's marble front ,looks over ,wall ,street's mingled nations2 ,where ,jews and ,gentiles most are wont ,to throng for trade and last quotations2 ,where1 hour by hour1 the rates of gold ,outrival1 in the ears of people1 ,the quarter-chimes1 serenely tolled ,from ,trinity's undaunted steeple1-- ,even there ,i heard a strange1 wild strain ,sound high above the modern clamor1 ,above the cries of greed and gain1 ,the curbstone war1 the auction's hammer2 ,and swift1 on ,music's misty ways1 ,it led1 from all this strife for millions4 ,to ancient1 sweet-do-nothing days ,among the kirtle-robed ,sicilians4 ,and as it stilled the multitude1 ,and yet more joyous rose1 and shriller1 ,i saw the minstrel where he stood ,at ease against a ,doric pillar3 ,one hand a droning organ played1 ,the other held a ,pan's-pipe 7fashioned ,like those of old7 to lips that made ,the reeds give out that strain impassioned4 ',twas ,pan himself had wandered here ,a-strolling through this sordid city1 ,and piping to the civic ear ,the prelude of some pastoral ditty6 ,the demigod had crossed the seas1-- ,from haunts of shepherd1 nymph1 and satyr1 ,and ,syracusan times1--to these ,far shores and twenty centuries later4 ,a ragged cap was on his head2 ,but--hidden thus--there was no doubting ,that1 all with crispy locks o'erspread1 ,his gnarld horns were somewhere sprouting2 ,his club-feet1 cased in rusty shoes1 ,were crossed1 as on some frieze you see them1 ,and trousers1 patched of divers hues1 ,concealed his crooked shanks beneath them4 ,he filled the quivering reeds with sound1 ,and o'er his mouth their changes shifted1 ,and with his goat's-eyes looked around ,where'er the passing current drifted2 ,and soon1 as on ,trinacrian hills ,the nymphs and herdsmen ran to hear him1 ,even now the tradesmen from their tills1 ,with clerks and porters1 crowded near him4 ,the bulls and bears together drew ,from ,jauncey ,court and ,new ,street ,alley1 ,as erst1 if pastorals be true1 ,came beasts from every wooded valley2 ,and random passers stayed to list1-- ,a boxer gon1 rough and merry1 ,a ,broadway ,daphnis1 on his tryst ,with ,nais at the ,brooklyn ,ferry4 ,a one-eyed ,cyclops halted long ,in tattered cloak of army pattern1 ,and ,galatea joined the throng1-- ,a blowsy apple-vending slattern2 ,while old ,silenus staggered out ,from some new-fangled lunch-house handy1 ,and bade the piper1 with a shout1 ,to strike up ,yankee ,doodle ,dandy6 ,a newsboy and a peanut-girl ,like little ,fauns began to caper2 ,his hair was all in tangled curl1 ,her tawny legs were bare and taper2 ,and still the gathering larger grew1 ,and gave its pence and crowded nigher1 ,while aye the shepherd-minstrel blew ,his pipe1 and struck the gamut higher4 ,o heart of ,nature1 beating still ,with throbs her vernal passion taught her1-- ,even here1 as on the vine-clad hill1 ,or by the ,arethusan water6 ,new forms may fold the speech1 new lands ,arise within these ocean-portals1 ,but ,music waves eternal wands1-- ,enchantress of the souls of mortals6 ,so thought ,i1--but among us trod ,a man in blue1 with legal baton1 ,and scoffed the vagrant demigod1 ,and pushed him from the step ,i sat on4 ,doubting ,i mused upon the cry1 ,great ,pan is dead6--and all the people ,went on their ways3--and clear and high ,the quarter sounded from the steeple4 ,,notes ,wall ,street3--,an old street in ,new ,york faced by the ,stock ,exchange and the offices of the wealthiest bankers and brokers4 the ,treasury3--,the ,sub-,treasury ,building4 last quotations3--,the latest information on stock values given out before the ,stock ,exchange closes4 ,trinity3--,the famous old church that stands at the head of ,wall ,street4 curbstone war3--,the clamorous quoting1 auctioning1 and bidding of stock out on the street curb1 where the curb brokers--brokers who do not have seats on the ,stock ,exchange--do business4 sweet-do-nothing3--,a translation of an ,italian expression1 dolce far niente4 ,sicilians3--,theocritus 7#crd century before ,christ71 the ,greek pastoral poet1 wrote of the happy life of the shepherds and shepherdesses in ,sicily4 ,doric pillar3--,a heavy marble pillar1 such as was used in the architecture of the ,dorians in ,greece4 ,pan's pipe3--,pan was the ,greek god of shepherds1 and patron of fishing and hunting4 ,he is represented as having the head and body of a man1 with the legs1 horns1 and tail of a goat4 ,it was said that he invented the shepherd's pipe or flute1 which he made from reeds plucked on the bank of a stream4 pastoral ditty3--,a poem about shepherds and the happy outdoor life4 ,the word pastoral comes from the ,latin pastor1 shepherd4 ,syracusan times3--,syracuse was an important city in ,sicily4 ,see the note on ,sicilians1 above4 ,trinacrian hills3--,trinacria is an old name for ,sicily4 bulls and bears3--,a bull1 on the ,stock ,exchange1 is one who operates in expectation of a rise in stocks2 a bear is a person who sells stocks in expectation of a fall in the market4 ,jauncey ,court3--,the ,jauncey family were prominent in the early ,new ,york days4 ,this court was probably named after them4 gon3--,usually spelled gaeon2 another name for ,briareus1 a monster with a hundred arms4 ,daphnis3--,in ,greek myth1 a shepherd who loved music4 ,nais3--,in ,greek myth1 a happy young girl1 a nymph4 ,cyclops3--,one of a race of giants having but one eye--in the middle of the forehead4 ,these giants helped ,vulcan at his forge under ,aetna4 ,galatea3--,a sea-nymph beloved by the ,cyclops ,polyphemus4 ,silenus3--,the foster-father and companion of ,bacchus1 god of wine4 ,in pictures and sculpture ,silenus is usually represented as intoxicated4 ,fauns3--,fabled beings1 half goat and half man4 ,arethusan water3--,arethusa1 in ,greek myth1 was a wood-nymph1 who was pursued by the river ,alpheus4 ,she was changed into a fountain1 and ran under the sea to ,sicily1 where she rose near the city of ,syracuse4 ,shelley has a poem on ,arethusa4 baton3--,a rod or wand2 here1 of course1 a policeman's club4 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study ,the author sees an organ-grinder playing his gay tunes in ,wall ,street1 ,new ,york1 among the buildings where enormous financial transactions are carried on4 ,he 7the author7 imagines this wandering minstrel to be ,pan himself1 assuming a modern form4 ,read the notes carefully for what is said about ,pan4 ,notice1 in the poem1 how skillfully the author brings out the contrast between the easy-going days of ancient ,greece and the busy1 rushing times of modern ,america4 ,of what value is the word serenely in the first stanza8 ,what is the curbstone war8 ,do you think the old-fashioned ,pan's pipe is common now8 ,could a man play an organ and a pipe at the same time8 ,why is the city spoken of as sordid8 ,what is the civic ear8 ,in the description of the player1 how is the idea of his being ,pan emphasized8 ,how was it that the bulls and bears drew together8 ,in plain words who were the people whom the author describes under ,greek names8 ,show how aptly the mythological characters are fitted to modern persons4 ,read carefully what is said about the power of music1 in the stanza beginning ,o heart of ,nature4 ,who was the man in blue8 ,why did he interfere8 ,why is the organ-grinder called a vagrant demigod8 ,what was it that the author doubted8 ,what is meant here by ,great ,pan is dead8 ,does the author mean more than the mere words seem to express8 ,do you think that people are any happier in these commercial times than they were in ancient ,greece8 ,after you have studied the poem and mastered all the references1 read the poem through1 thinking of its meaning and its lively measure4 ,read ,mrs4 ,browning's poem1 ,a ,musical ,instrument1 which is about ,pan and his pipe of reeds4 ,,collateral ,,readings ,nooks and ,corners of ,old ,new ,york ,charles ,hemstreet ,in ,old ,new ,york ,thomas ,a4 ,janvier ,the ,greatest ,street in the ,world3 ,broadway ,stephen ,jenkins ,the ,god of ,music 7poem7 ,edith ,m4 ,thomas ,a ,musical ,instrument ,elizabeth ,barrett ,browning ,classic ,myths 7,see ,index7 ,c4,m4 ,gayley ,the ,age of ,fable ,thomas ,bulfinch ,a ,butterfly in ,wall ,street 7in ,madrigals and ,catches7 ,frank ,d4 ,sherman ,come ,pan1 and ,pipe 7in ,madrigals and ,catches7 ,pan ,learns ,music 7poem7 ,henry van ,dyke ,peeps at ,great ,cities3 ,new ,york ,hildegarde ,hawthorne ,vignettes of ,manhattan ,brander ,matthews ,new ,york ,society ,ralph ,pulitzer ,in the ,cities 7poem7 ,r4,w4 ,gilder ,up at a ,villa--,down in the ,city ,robert ,browning ,the ,faun in ,wall ,street#e 7poem7 ,john ,myers ,o',hara ,,the ,,hand ,,of ,,lincoln ,,edmund ,,clarence ,,stedman ,look on this cast1 and know the hand ,that bore a nation in its hold2 ,from this mute witness understand ,what ,lincoln was1--how large of mould ,the man who sped the woodman's team1 ,and deepest sunk the ploughman's share1 ,and pushed the laden raft astream1 ,of fate before him unaware4 ,this was the hand that knew to swing ,the axe--since thus would ,freedom train ,her son--and made the forest ring1 ,and drove the wedge1 and toiled amain4 ,firm hand1 that loftier office took1 ,a conscious leader's will obeyed1 ,and1 when men sought his word and look1 ,with steadfast might the gathering swayed4 ,no courtier's1 toying with a sword1 ,nor minstrel's1 laid across a lute2 ,a chief's1 uplifted to the ,lord ,when all the kings of earth were mute6 ,the hand of ,anak1 sinewed strong1 ,the fingers that on greatness clutch2 ,yet1 lo6 the marks their lines along ,of one who strove and suffered much4 ,for here in knotted cord and vein ,i trace the varying chart of years2 ,i know the troubled heart1 the strain1 ,the weight of ,atlas--and the tears4 ,again ,i see the patient brow ,that palm erewhile was wont to press2 ,and now 'tis furrowed deep1 and now ,made smooth with hope and tenderness4 ,for something of a formless grace ,this moulded outline plays about2 ,a pitying flame1 beyond our trace1 ,breathes like a spirit1 in and out1-- ,the love that cast an aureole ,round one who1 longer to endure1 ,called mirth to ease his ceaseless dole1 ,yet kept his nobler purpose sure4 ,lo1 as ,i gaze1 the statured man1 ,built up from yon large hand1 appears2 ,a type that ,nature wills to plan ,but once in all a people's years4 ,what better than this voiceless cast ,to tell of such a one as he1 ,since through its living semblance passed ,the thought that bade a race be free6 ,,notes this cast3--,a cast of ,lincoln's hand was made by ,leonard ,w4 ,volk1 in #ahfj1 on the ,sunday following the nomination of ,lincoln for the ,presidency4 ,the original1 in bronze1 can be seen at the ,national ,museum in ,washington4 ,various copies have been made in plaster4 ,an anecdote concerning one of these is told on page #ajg of ,william ,dean ,howells's ,literary ,friends and ,acquaintances2 facing page #ajf of the same book there is an interesting picture4 ,in the ,critic1 volume #dd1 page #eaj1 there is an article by ,isabel ,moore1 entitled ,hands that have ,done ,things2 a picture of ,lincoln's hand1 in plaster1 is given in the course of this article4 ,anak3--,the sons of ,anak are spoken of in the ,bible as a race of giants4 ,see ,numbers1 #ac3cc2 ,deuteronomy1 #i3b4 ,atlas3--,in ,greek story1 the giant who held the world on his shoulders4 the thought3--,the ,emancipation ,proclamation4 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study ,read the poem through from beginning to end4 ,then go back to the first and study it more carefully4 ,notice that there is no pause at the end of the first stanza4 ,in the ninth line1 mentally put in how after know4 ,explain what is said about ,freedom's training her son4 ,loftier office3 ,loftier than what8 ,note that might is a noun4 ,mentally insert hand after courtier's4 ,can you tell from the hand of a person whether he has suffered or not8 ,what does the author mean here by the weight of ,atlas8 ,what is a formless grace8 ,is the expression appropriate here8 ,what characteristic of ,lincoln is referred to in the line beginning ,called mirth8 ,are great men so rare as the author seems to think8 ,why is the cast a good means of telling of such a one as he8 ,look carefully at one of ,lincoln's portraits1 and then read this poem aloud to yourself4 ,compare this poem with the sonnet ,on the ,life-,mask of ,abraham ,lincoln1 page #baj4 ,,collateral ,,readings ,abraham ,lincoln3 ,a ,short ,life ,john ,g4 ,nicolay ,the ,boys' ,life of ,lincoln ,helen ,nicolay ,personal ,traits of ,abraham ,lincoln ,lincoln the ,lawyer ,f4,t4 ,hill ,passages from the ,speeches and ,letters of ,abraham ,lincoln ,r4,w4 ,gilder 7,ed47 ,lincoln's ,own ,stories ,anthony ,gross ,lincoln ,norman ,hapgood ,abraham ,lincoln1 the ,boy and the ,man ,james ,morgan ,father ,abraham ,ida ,tarbell ,he ,knew ,lincoln#f ,life of ,abraham ,lincoln ,abraham ,lincoln ,robert ,g4 ,ingersoll ,abraham ,lincoln ,noah ,brooks ,abraham ,lincoln for ,boys and ,girls ,c4,w4 ,moores ,the ,graysons ,edward ,eggleston ,the ,perfect ,tribute#f ,m4,r4,s4 ,andrews ,the ,toy ,shop#f ,m4,s4 ,gerry ,we ,talked of ,lincoln 7poem7#g ,e4,w4 ,thomson ,lincoln and the ,sleeping ,sentinel ,l4,e4 ,chittenden ,o ,captain1 my ,captain6 ,walt ,whitman ,when ,lilacs last in the ,dooryard ,bloomed ,poems ,e4,c4 ,stedman ,an ,american ,anthology ,american ,authors and their ,homes1 pp4 #aeg-agb ,f4,w4 ,halsey ,american ,authors at ,home1 pp4 #bgc-bia ,j4,l4 and ,j4,b4 ,gilder ,for portraits of ,e4,c4 ,stedman1 see ,bookman1 #cd3eib2 ,current ,literature1 #db3di4 ,,jean ,,valjean ,,augusta ,,stevenson 7,dramatized from ,victor ,hugo's ,les ,misrables7 ,,scene ,,ii ,,time3 ,evening4 ,,place3 ,village of ,d----2 dining room of the ,bishop's house4 99 99 99 99 99 ,the room is poorly furnished1 but orderly4 ,a door at the back opens on the street4 ,at one side1 a window overlooks the garden2 at the other1 curtains hang before an alcove4 ,,mademoiselle1 the ,bishop's ,,sister1 a sweet-faced lady1 sits by the fire1 knitting4 ,,madame1 his ,,housekeeper1 is laying the table for supper4 ,,mlle4 ,has the ,bishop returned from the service8 ,,madame4 ,yes1 ,mademoiselle4 ,he is in his room1 reading4 ,shall ,i call him8 ,,mlle4 ,no1 do not disturb him--he will come in good time--when supper is ready4 ,,madame4 ,dear me--,i forgot to get bread when ,i went out to-day4 ,,mlle4 ,go to the baker's1 then2 we will wait4 ,exit ,madame4 ,pause4 ,enter the ,,bishop4 ,he is an old man1 gentle and kindly4 ,,bishop4 ,i hope ,i have not kept you waiting1 sister4 ,,mlle4 ,no1 brother1 ,madame has just gone out for bread4 ,she forgot it this morning4 ,,bishop 7having seated himself by the fire74 ,the wind blows cold from the mountains to-night4 ,,mlle4 7nodding74 ,all day it has been growing colder4 ,,bishop4 ',twill bring great suffering to the poor4 ,,mlle4 ,who suffer too much already4 ,,bishop4 ,i would ,i could help them more than ,i do6 ,,mlle4 ,you give all you have1 my brother4 ,you keep nothing for yourself--you have only bare necessities4 ,,bishop4 ,well1 ,i have sent in a bill for carriage hire in making pastoral visits4 ,,mlle4 ,carriage hire6 ,i did not know you ever rode4 ,now ,i am glad to hear that4 ,a bishop should go in state sometimes4 ,i venture to say your bill is small4 ,,bishop4 ,three thousand francs4 ,,mlle4 ,three thousand francs6 ,why1 ,i cannot believe it6 ,,bishop4 ,here is the bill4 ,,mlle4 7reading bill74 ,what is this6 ,,expenses ,,of ,,carriage ,for furnishing soup to hospital #aejj francs ,for charitable society of ,d---- #ejj ,for foundlings #ejj ,for orphans #ejj ---- ,total #cjjj francs ,so6 that is your carriage hire6 ,ha1 ha6 ,i might have known it6 ,they laugh together4 ,enter ,,madame1 excited1 with bread4 ,,madame4 ,such news as ,i have heard6 ,the whole town is talking about it6 ,we should have locks put on our doors at once6 ,,mlle4 ,what is it1 ,madame8 ,what have you heard8 ,,madame4 ,they say there is a suspicious vagabond in the town4 ,the inn-keeper refused to take him in4 ,they say he is a released convict who once committed an awful crime4 ,the ,bishop is looking into the fire1 paying no attention to ,madame4 ,,mlle4 ,do you hear what ,madame is saying1 brother8 ,,bishop4 ,only a little4 ,are we in danger1 ,madame8 ,,madame4 ,there is a convict in town1 your ,reverence6 ,,bishop4 ,do you fear we shall be robbed8 ,,madame4 ,i do1 indeed6 ,,bishop4 ,of what8 ,,madame4 ,there are the six silver plates and the silver soup-ladle and the two silver candlesticks4 ,,bishop4 ,all of which we could do without4 ,,madame4 ,do without6 ,,mlle4 ',twould be a great loss1 brother4 ,we could not treat a guest as is our wont4 ,,bishop4 ,ah1 there you have me1 sister4 ,i love to see the silver laid out for every guest who comes here4 ,and ,i like the candles lighted1 too2 it makes a brighter welcome4 ,,mlle4 ,a bishop's house should show some state4 ,,bishop4 ,aye--to every stranger6 ,henceforth1 ,i should like every one of our six plates on the table whenever we have a guest here4 ,,mlle4 ,all of them8 ,,madame4 ,for one guest8 ,,bishop4 ,yes--we have no right to hide treasures4 ,each guest shall enjoy all that we have4 ,,madame4 ,then 'tis time we should look to the locks on the doors1 if we would keep our silver4 ,i'll go for the locksmith now-- ,,bishop4 ,stay6 ,this house shall not be locked against any man6 ,would you have me lock out my brothers8 ,a loud knock is heard at street door4 ,come in6 ,enter ,,jean ,,valjean1 with his knapsack and cudgel4 ,the women are frightened4 ,,jean 7roughly74 ,see here6 ,my name is ,jean ,valjean4 ,i am a convict from the galleys4 ,i was set free four days ago1 and ,i am looking for work4 ,i hoped to find a lodging here1 but no one will have me4 ,it was the same way yesterday and the day before4 ,to-night a good woman told me to knock at your door4 ,i have knocked4 ,is this an inn8 ,,bishop4 ,madame1 put on another plate4 ,,jean4 ,stop6 ,you do not understand1 ,i think4 ,here is my passport--see what it says3 ,jean ,valjean1 discharged convict1 has been nineteen years in the galleys2 five years for theft2 fourteen years for having attempted to escape4 ,he is a very dangerous man4 ,there6 you know it all4 ,i ask only for straw in your stable4 ,,bishop4 ,madame1 you will put white sheets on the bed in the alcove4 ,exit ,madame4 ,the ,bishop turns to ,jean4 ,we shall dine presently4 ,sit here by the fire1 sir4 ,,jean4 ,what6 ,you will keep me8 ,you call me sir6 ,oh6 ,i am going to dine6 ,i am to have a bed with sheets like the rest of the world--a bed6 ,it is nineteen years since ,i have slept in a bed6 ,i will pay anything you ask4 ,you are a fine man4 ,you are an innkeeper1 are you not8 ,,bishop4 ,i am a priest who lives here4 ,,jean4 ,a priest6 ,ah1 yes--,i ask your pardon--,i didn't notice your cap and gown4 ,,bishop4 ,be seated near the fire1 sir4 ,jean deposits his knapsack1 repeating to himself with delight4 ,,jean4 ,he calls me sir--sir4 7,aloud47 ,you will require me to pay1 will you not8 ,,bishop4 ,no1 keep your money4 ,how much have you8 ,,jean4 ,one hundred and nine francs4 ,,bishop4 ,how long did it take you to earn it8 ,,jean4 ,nineteen years4 ,,bishop 7sadly74 ,nineteen years--the best part of your life6 ,,jean4 ,aye1 the best part--,i am now forty-six4 ,a beast of burden would have earned more4 ,,bishop4 ,this lamp gives a very bad light1 sister4 ,mlle4 gets the two silver candlesticks from the mantel1 lights them1 and places them on the table4 ,,jean4 ,ah1 but you are good6 ,you don't despise me4 ,you light your candles for me1--you treat me as a guest1--and ,i've told you where ,i come from1 who ,i am6 ,,bishop4 ,this house does not demand of him who enters whether he has a name1 but whether he has a grief4 ,you suffer--you are hungry--you are welcome4 ,,jean4 ,i cannot understand it-- ,,bishop4 ,this house is home to the man who needs a refuge4 ,so1 sir1 this is your house now more than it is mine4 ,whatever is here is yours4 ,what need have ,i to know your name8 ,besides1 before you told me1 ,i knew it4 ,,jean4 ,what6 ,you knew my name6 ,,bishop4 ,yes1 your name is--,brother4 ,,jean4 ,stop6 ,i cannot bear it--you are so good-- ,he buries his face in his hands4 ,enter ,,madame with dishes for the table2 she continues passing in and out1 preparing supper4 ,,bishop4 ,you have suffered much1 sir-- ,,jean 7nodding74 ,the red shirt1 the ball on the ankle1 a plank to sleep on1 heat1 cold1 toil1 the whip1 the double chain for nothing1 the cell for one word--even when sick in bed1 still the chain6 ,dogs1 dogs are happier6 ,nineteen years6 and now the yellow passport6 ,,bishop4 ,yes1 you have suffered4 ,,jean 7with violence74 ,i hate this world of laws and courts6 ,i hate the men who rule it6 ,for nineteen years my soul has had only thoughts of hate4 ,for nineteen years ,i've planned revenge4 ,do you hear8 ,revenge--revenge6 ,,bishop4 ,it is not strange that you should feel so4 ,and if you continue to harbor those thoughts1 you are only deserving of pity4 ,but listen1 my brother2 if1 in spite of all you have passed through1 your thoughts could be of peace and love1 you would be better than any one of us4 ,pause4 ,jean reflects4 ,,jean 7speaking violently74 ,no1 no6 ,i do not belong to your world of men4 ,i am apart--a different creature from you all4 ,the galleys made me different4 ,i'll have nothing to do with any of you6 ,,madame4 ,the supper1 your ,reverence4 ,the ,bishop glances at the table4 ,,bishop4 ,it strikes me there is something missing from this table4 ,madame hesitates4 ,,mlle4 ,madame1 do you not understand8 ,madame steps to a cupboard1 gets the remaining silver plates1 and places them on the table4 ,,bishop 7gayly1 turning to ,jean74 ,to table then1 my friend6 ,to table6 ,jean remains for a moment1 standing doggedly apart2 then he steps over to the chair awaiting him1 jerks it back1 and sinks into it1 without looking up4 ,,scene ,,iii ,,time3 ,daybreak the next morning4 ,,place3 ,the ,bishop's dining room4 99 99 99 99 99 ,the room is dark1 except for a faint light that comes in through window curtains4 ,,jean ,,valjean creeps in from the alcove4 ,he carries his knapsack and cudgel in one hand2 in the other1 his shoes4 ,he opens the window overlooking the garden2 the room becomes lighter4 ,jean steps to the mantel and lifts a silver candlestick4 ,,jean 7whispering74 ,two hundred francs--double what ,i have earned in nineteen years6 ,he puts it in his knapsack2 takes up the other candlestick2 shudders1 and sets it down again4 ,no1 no1 he is good--he called me sir-- ,he stands still1 staring before him1 his hand still gripping the candlestick4 ,suddenly he straightens up2 speaks bitterly4 ,why not8 ',tis easy to give a bed and food6 ,why doesn't he keep men from the galleys8 ,nineteen years for a loaf of bread6 ,pauses a moment1 then resolutely puts both candlesticks into his bag2 steps to the cupboard and takes out the silver plates and the ladle1 and slips them into the bag4 ,all solid--,i should gain at least one thousand francs4 ',tis due me--due me for all these years6 ,closes the bag4 ,pause4 ,no1 not the candles--,i owe him that much-- ,he puts the candlesticks on mantel2 takes up cudgel1 knapsack1 and shoes2 jumps out window and disappears4 ,pause4 ,enter ,,madame4 ,she shivers2 discovers the open window4 ,,madame4 ,why is that window open8 ,i closed it last night myself4 ,oh6 ,could it be possible8 ,crosses and looks at open cupboard4 ,it is gone6 ,enter the ,,bishop from his room4 ,,bishop4 ,good morning1 ,madame6 ,,madame4 ,your ,reverence6 ,the silver is gone6 ,where is that man8 ,,bishop4 ,in the alcove sleeping1 ,i suppose4 ,madame runs to curtains of alcove and looks in4 ,enter ,,mademoiselle4 ,madame turns4 ,he is gone6 ,,mlle4 ,gone8 ,,madame4 ,aye1 gone--gone6 ,he has stolen our silver1 the beautiful plates and the ladle6 ,i'll inform the police at once6 ,starts off4 ,the ,bishop stops her4 ,,bishop4 ,wait6--,let me ask you this--was that silver ours8 ,,madame4 ,why--why not8 ,,bishop4 ,because it has always belonged to the poor4 ,i have withheld it wrongfully4 ,,mlle4 ,its loss makes no difference to ,madame or me4 ,,madame4 ,oh1 no6 ,but what is your ,reverence to eat from now8 ,,bishop4 ,are there no pewter plates8 ,,madame4 ,pewter has an odor4 ,,bishop4 ,iron ones1 then4 ,,madame4 ,iron has a taste4 ,,bishop4 ,well1 then1 wooden plates4 ,a knock is heard at street door4 ,come in4 ,enter an ,,officer and two ,,soldiers1 dragging in ,,jean ,,valjean4 ,,officer4 ,your ,reverence1 we found your silver on this man4 ,,bishop4 ,why not8 ,i gave it to him4 ,i am glad to see you again1 ,jean4 ,why did you not take the candlesticks1 too8 ,,jean 7trembling74 ,your ,reverence-- ,,bishop4 ,i told you everything in this house was yours1 my brother4 ,,officer4 ,ah1 then what he said was true4 ,but1 of course1 we did not believe him4 ,we saw him creeping from your garden-- ,,bishop4 ,it is all right1 ,i assure you4 ,this man is a friend of mine4 ,,officer4 ,then we can let him go8 ,,bishop4 ,certainly4 ,soldiers step back4 ,,jean 7trembling74 ,i am free8 ,,officer4 ,yes6 ,you can go4 ,do you not understand8 ,steps back4 ,,bishop 7to ,jean74 ,my friend1 before you go away--here are your candlesticks 7going to the mantel and bringing the candlesticks72 take them4 ,jean takes the candlesticks1 seeming not to know what he is doing4 ,by the way1 my friend1 when you come again you need not come through the garden4 ,the front door is closed only with a latch1 day or night4 7,to the ,officer and ,soldiers47 ,gentlemen1 you may withdraw4 ,exit ,officer and ,soldiers4 ,,jean 7recoiling and holding out the candlesticks74 ,no--no--,i--,i-- ,,bishop4 ,say no more2 ,i understand4 ,you felt that they were all owing to you from a world that had used you ill4 ,keep them1 my friend1 keep them4 ,i would ,i had more to give you4 ,it is small recompense for nineteen years4 ,jean stands bewildered1 looking down at the candlesticks in his hands4 ,they will add something to your hundred francs4 ,but do not forget1 never forget1 that you have promised to use the money in becoming an honest man4 ,,jean4 ,i--promised--8 ,,bishop 7not heeding74 ,jean ,valjean1 my brother1 you no longer belong to evil1 but to good4 ,it is your soul that ,i am buying for you3 ,i withdraw it from thoughts of hatred and revenge--,i give it to peace and hope and ,god4 ,jean stands as if stunned1 staring at the ,bishop1 then turns and walks unsteadily from the room4 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study ,jean ,valjean1 as a young man1 was sent to the galleys for stealing a loaf of bread to feed his sister's hungry children4 ,from time to time1 when he tried to escape1 his sentence was increased1 so that he spent nineteen years as a convict4 ,scene ,i of ,miss ,stevenson's dramatization shows ,jean ,valjean being turned away from the inn because he has been in prison4 ,what does the stage setting tell of the ,bishop and his sister8 ,notice1 as you read1 why each of the items in the stage setting is mentioned4 ,why is ,madame made to leave the room--how does her absence help the action of the play8 ,what is the purpose of the conversation about the weather8 ,about the carriage hire8 ,why is the ,bishop not more excited at ,madame's news8 ,what is gained by the talk about the silver8 ,notice the dramatic value of the ,bishop's speech beginning ,stay6 ,why does ,jean ,valjean speak so roughly when he enters8 ,why does he not try to conceal the fact that he is a convict8 ,why does not the ,bishop reply directly to ,jean ,valjean's question8 ,what would be the action of ,mademoiselle and ,madame while ,jean is speaking8 ,what is ,madame's action as she goes out8 ,what is gained by the conversation between ,jean and the ,bishop8 ,why does the ,bishop not reproach ,jean for saying he will have revenge8 ,why is the silver mentioned so many times8 ,while you are reading the first part of ,scene ,,iii1 think how it should be played4 ,note how much the stage directions add to the clearness of the scene4 ,how long should the pause be1 before ,madame enters8 ,what is gained by the calmness of the ,bishop8 ,how can he say that the silver was not his8 ,what does the ,bishop mean when he says1 ,i gave it to him8 ,what are ,mademoiselle and ,madame doing while the conversation with the officers and ,jean ,valjean is going on8 ,is it a good plan to let them drop so completely out of the conversation8 ,why does the ,bishop say that ,jean has promised8 ,why does the scene close without ,jean's replying to the ,bishop8 ,how do you think the ,bishop's kindness has affected ,jean ,valjean's attitude toward life8 ,note how the action and the conversation increase in intensity as the play proceeds3 ,is this a good method8 ,notice the use of contrast in speech and action4 ,note how the chief characters are emphasized4 ,can you discover the quality called restraint1 in this fragment of a play8 ,how is it gained1 and what is its value8 ,,exercises#h ,select a short passage from some book that you like1 and try to put it into dramatic form1 using this selection as a kind of model4 ,do not attempt too much at once1 but think out carefully the setting1 the stage directions1 and the dialogue for a brief fragment of a play4 ,make a series of dramatic scenes from the same book1 so that a connected story is worked out4 ,read a part of some modern drama1 such as ,the ,piper1 or ,the ,blue ,bird1 or one of ,mr4 ,howells's little farces1 and notice how it makes use of setting and stage directions2 how the conversation is broken up2 how the situation is brought out in the dialogue2 how each person is made to speak in his own character4 ,after you have done the reading suggested above1 make another attempt at dramatizing a scene from a book1 and see what improvement you can make upon the sort of thing you did at first4 ,it might be interesting for two or three persons to work on a bit of dramatization together1 and then give the fragment of a play in simple fashion before the class4 ,or the whole class may work on the play1 and then select some of their number to perform it4 ,,collateral ,,readings ,a ,dramatic ,reader3 ,book ,five ,augusta ,stevenson ,plays for the ,home ,jean ,valjean 7translated and abridged from ,victor ,hugo's ,les ,misrables7 ,s4,e4 ,wiltse 7,ed47 ,the ,little ,men ,play 7adapted from ,louisa ,alcott's ,little ,men7 ,e4,l4 ,gould ,the ,little ,women ,play ,the ,st4 ,nicholas ,book of ,plays ,century ,company ,the ,silver ,thread and ,other ,folk ,plays ,constance ,mackay ,patriotic ,plays and ,pageants ,fairy ,tale ,plays and ,how to ,act ,them ,mrs4 ,hugh ,bell ,festival ,plays ,marguerite ,merington ,short ,plays from ,dickens ,h4,b4 ,browne ,the ,piper ,josephine ,preston ,peabody ,the ,blue ,bird ,maurice ,maeterlinck ,riders to the ,sea ,j4,m4 ,synge ,she ,stoops to ,conquer ,oliver ,goldsmith ,the ,rivals ,richard ,brinsley ,sheridan ,prince ,otto ,r4,l4 ,stevenson ,the ,canterbury ,pilgrims ,percy ,mackaye ,the ,elevator ,william ,dean ,howells ,the ,mouse ,trap ,the ,sleeping ,car ,william ,dean ,howells ,the ,register ,the ,story of ,waterloo ,henry ,irving ,the ,children's ,theatre ,a4 ,minnie ,herts ,the ,art of ,play-writing ,alfred ,hennequin ,a ,,combat ,,on ,,the ,,sands ,,mary ,,johnston 7,from ,to ,have and to ,hold1 ,chapters ,,xxi and ,,xxii7 ,a few minutes later saw me almost upon the party gathered about the grave4 ,the grave had received that which it was to hold until the crack of doom1 and was now being rapidly filled with sand4 ,the crew of deep-dyed villains worked or stood or sat in silence1 but all looked at the grave1 and saw me not4 ,as the last handful of sand made it level with the beach1 ,i walked into their midst1 and found myself face to face with the three candidates for the now vacant captaincy4 ,give you good-day1 gentlemen1 ,i cried4 ,is it your captain that you bury or one of your crew1 or is it only pezos and pieces of eight8 ,the sun shining on so much bare steel hurts my eyes1 ,i said4 ,put up1 gentlemen1 put up6 ,cannot one rover attend the funeral of another without all this crowding and display of cutlery8 ,if you will take the trouble to look around you1 you will see that ,i have brought to the obsequies only myself4 ,one by one cutlass and sword were lowered1 and those who had drawn them1 falling somewhat back1 spat and swore and laughed4 ,the man in black and silver only smiled gently and sadly4 ,did you drop from the blue8 he asked4 ,or did you come up from the sea8 ,i came out of it1 ,i said4 ,my ship went down in the storm yesterday4 ,your little cockboat yonder was more fortunate4 ,i waved my hand toward that ship of three hundred tons1 then twirled my mustaches and stood at gaze4 ,was your ship so large1 then8 demanded ,paradise1 while a murmur of admiration1 larded with oaths1 ran around the circle4 ,she was a very great galleon1 ,i replied1 with a sigh for the good ship that was gone4 ,a moment's silence1 during which they all looked at me4 ,a galleon1 then said ,paradise softly4 ,they that sailed her yesterday are to-day at the bottom of the sea1 ,i continued4 ,alackaday6 so are one hundred thousand pezos of gold1 three thousand bars of silver1 ten frails of pearls1 jewels uncounted1 cloth of gold and cloth of silver4 ,she was a very rich prize4 ,the circle sucked in their breath4 ,all at the bottom of the sea8 queried ,red ,gil1 with gloating eyes fixed upon the smiling water4 ,not one pezo left1 not one little1 little pearl8 ,i shook my head and heaved a prodigious sigh4 ,the treasure is gone1 ,i said1 and the men with whom ,i took it are gone4 ,i am a captain with neither ship nor crew4 ,i take you1 my friends1 for a ship and crew without a captain4 ,the inference is obvious4 ,the ring gaped with wonder1 then strange oaths arose4 ,red ,gil broke into a bellow of angry laughter1 while the ,spaniard glared like a catamount about to spring4 ,so you would be our captain8 said ,paradise1 picking up another shell1 and poising it upon a hand as fine and small as a woman's4 ,faith1 you might go farther and fare worse1 ,i answered1 and began to hum a tune4 ,when ,i had finished it1 ,i am ,kirby1 ,i said1 and waited to see if that shot should go wide or through the hull4 ,for two minutes the dash of the surf and the cries of the wheeling sea fowl made the only sound in that part of the world2 then from those half-clad rapscallions arose a shout of ,kirby6--a shout in which the three leaders did not join4 ,that one who looked a gentleman rose from the sand and made me a low bow4 ,well met1 noble captain1 he cried in those his honey tones4 ,you will doubtless remember me who was with you that time at ,maracaibo when you sunk the galleasses4 ,five years have passed since then1 and yet ,i see you ten years younger and three inches taller4 ,i touched once at the ,lucayas1 and found the spring de ,leon sought1 ,i said4 ,sure the waters have a marvelous effect1 and if they give not eternal youth at least renew that which we have lost4 ,truly a potent aqua vit1 he remarked1 still with thoughtful melancholy4 ,i see that it hath changed your eyes from black to gray4 ,it hath that peculiar virtue1 ,i said1 that it can make black seem white4 ,the man with the woman's mantle drawn about him now thrust himself from the rear to the front rank4 ,that's not ,kirby6 he bawled4 ,he's no more ,kirby than ,i am ,kirby6 ,didn't ,i sail with ,kirby from the ,summer ,isles to ,cartagena and back again8 ,he's a cheat1 and ,i am a-going to cut his heart out6 ,he was making at me with a long knife1 when ,i whipped out my rapier4 ,am ,i not ,kirby1 you dog8 ,i cried1 and ran him through the shoulder4 ,he dropped1 and his fellows surged forward with a yell4 ,yet a little patience1 my masters6 said ,paradise in a raised voice and with genuine amusement in his eyes4 ,it is true that that ,kirby with whom ,i and our friend there on the ground sailed was somewhat short and as swart as a raven1 besides having a cut across his face that had taken away part of his lip and the top of his ear1 and that this gentleman who announces himself as ,kirby hath none of ,kirby's marks4 ,but we are fair and generous and open to conviction-- ,he'll have to convince my cutlass6 roared ,red ,gil4 ,i turned upon him4 ,if ,i do convince it1 what then8 ,i demanded4 ,if ,i convince your sword1 you of ,spain1 and yours1 ,sir ,black and ,silver8 ,the ,spaniard stared4 ,i was the best sword in ,lima1 he said stiffly4 ,i and my ,toledo will not change our minds4 ,let him try to convince ,paradise2 he's got no reputation as a swordsman6 cried out the grave-digger with the broken head4 ,a roar of laughter followed this suggestion1 and ,i gathered from it and from the oaths and allusions to this or that time and place that ,paradise was not without reputation4 ,i turned to him4 ,if ,i fight you three1 one by one1 and win1 am ,i ,kirby8 ,he regarded the shell with which he was toying with a thoughtful smile1 held it up that the light might strike through its rose and pearl1 then crushed it to dust between his fingers4 ,ay1 he said with an oath4 ,if you win against the cutlass of ,red ,gil1 the best blade of ,lima1 and the sword of ,paradise1 you may call yourself the devil an you please1 and we will all subscribe to it4 ,i lifted my hand4 ,i am to have fair play8 ,as one man that crew of desperate villains swore that the odds should be only three to one4 ,by this the whole matter had presented itself to them as an entertainment more diverting than bullfight or bear-baiting4 ,they that follow the sea1 whether honest men or black-hearted knaves1 have in their composition a certain childlikeness that makes them easily turned1 easily led1 and easily pleased4 ,the wind of their passion shifts quickly from point to point1 one moment blowing a hurricane1 the next sinking to a happy-go-lucky summer breeze4 ,i have seen a little thing convert a crew on the point of mutiny into a set of rollicking1 good-natured souls who--until the wind veered again--would not hurt a fly4 ,so with these4 ,they spread themselves into a circle1 squatting or kneeling or standing upon the white sand in the bright sunshine1 their sinewy hands that should have been ingrained red clasped over their knees1 or1 arms akimbo1 resting upon their hips1 on their scoundrel faces a broad smile1 and in their eyes that had looked on nameless horrors a pleasurable expectation as of spectators in a playhouse awaiting the entrance of the players4 ,there is really no good reason why we should gratify your whim1 said ,paradise1 still amused4 ,but it will serve to pass the time4 ,we will fight you1 one by one4 ,and if ,i win8 ,he laughed4 ,then1 on the honor of a gentleman1 you are ,kirby and our captain4 ,if you lose1 we will leave you where you stand for the gulls to bury4 ,a bargain1 ,i said1 and drew my sword4 ,i first6 roared ,red ,gil4 ,god's wounds6 there will need no second6 ,as he spoke he swung his cutlass and made an arc of blue flame4 ,the weapon became in his hands a flail1 terrible to look upon1 making lightnings and whistling in the air1 but in reality not so deadly as it seemed4 ,the fury of his onslaught would have beaten down the guard of any mere swordsman1 but that ,i was not4 ,a man1 knowing his weakness and insufficiency in many and many a thing1 may yet know his strength in one or two and his modesty take no hurt4 ,i was ever master of my sword1 and it did the thing ,i would have it do4 ,moreover1 as ,i fought ,i saw her as ,i had last seen her1 standing against the bank of sand1 her dark hair1 half braided1 drawn over her bosom and hanging to her knees4 ,her eyes haunted me1 and my lips yet felt the touch of her hand4 ,i fought well1--how well the lapsing of oaths and laughter into breathless silence bore witness4 ,the ruffian against whom ,i was pitted began to draw his breath in gasps4 ,he was a scoundrel not fit to die1 less fit to live1 unworthy of a gentleman's steel4 ,i presently ran him through with as little compunction and as great a desire to be quit of a dirty job as if he had been a mad dog4 ,he fell1 and a little later1 while ,i was engaged with the ,spaniard1 his soul went to that hell which had long gaped for it4 ,to those his companions his death was as slight a thing as would theirs have been to him4 ,in the eyes of the two remaining would-be leaders he was a stumbling-block removed1 and to the squatting1 open-mouthed commonalty his taking off weighed not a feather against the solid entertainment ,i was affording them4 ,i was now a better man than ,red ,gil1--that was all4 ,the ,spaniard was a more formidable antagonist4 ,the best blade of ,lima was by no means to be despised3 but ,lima is a small place1 and its blades can be numbered4 ,the sword that for three years had been counted the best in all the ,low ,countries was its better4 ,but ,i fought fasting and for the second time that morning1 so maybe the odds were not so great4 ,i wounded him slightly1 and presently succeeded in disarming him4 ,am ,i ,kirby8 ,i demanded1 with my point at his breast4 ,kirby1 of course1 seor1 he answered with a sour smile1 his eyes upon the gleaming blade4 ,i lowered my point and we bowed to each other1 after which he sat down upon the sand and applied himself to stanching the bleeding from his wound4 ,the pirate ring gave him no attention1 but stared at me instead4 ,i was now a better man than the ,spaniard4 ,the man in black and silver rose and removed his doublet1 folding it very carefully1 inside out1 that the sand might not injure the velvet1 then drew his rapier1 looked at it lovingly1 made it bend until point and hilt well-nigh met1 and faced me with a bow4 ,you have fought twice1 and must be weary1 he said4 ,will you not take breath before we engage1 or will your long rest afterward suffice you8 ,i will rest aboard my ship1 ,i made reply4 ,and as ,i am in a hurry to be gone we won't delay4 ,our blades had no sooner crossed than ,i knew that in this last encounter ,i should need every whit of my skill1 all my wit1 audacity1 and strength4 ,i had met my equal1 and he came to it fresh and ,i jaded4 ,i clenched my teeth and prayed with all my heart2 ,i set her face before me1 and thought if ,i should fail her to what ghastly fate she might come1 and ,i fought as ,i had never fought before4 ,the sound of the surf became a roar in my ears1 the sunshine an intolerable blaze of light2 the blue above and around seemed suddenly beneath my feet as well4 ,we were fighting high in the air1 and had fought thus for ages4 ,i knew that he made no thrust ,i did not parry1 no feint ,i could not interpret4 ,i knew that my eye was more quick to see1 my brain to conceive1 and my hand to execute than ever before2 but it was as though ,i held that knowledge of some other1 and ,i myself was far away1 at ,weyanoke1 in the minister's garden1 in the haunted wood1 anywhere save on that barren islet4 ,i heard him swear under his breath1 and in the face ,i had set before me the eyes brightened4 ,as if she had loved me ,i fought for her with all my powers of body and mind4 ,he swore again1 and my heart laughed within me4 ,the sea now roared less loudly1 and ,i felt the good earth beneath my feet4 ,slowly but surely ,i wore him out4 ,his breath came short1 the sweat stood upon his forehead1 and still ,i deferred my attack4 ,he made the thrust of a boy of fifteen1 and ,i smiled as ,i put it by4 ,why don't you end it8 he breathed4 ,finish and be hanged to you6 ,for answer ,i sent his sword flying over the nearest hillock of sand4 ,am ,i ,kirby8 ,i said4 ,he fell back against the heaped-up sand and leaned there1 panting1 with his hand to his side4 ,kirby or devil1 he replied4 ,have it your own way4 ,i turned to the now highly excited rabble4 ,shove the boats off1 half a dozen of you6 ,i ordered4 ,some of you others take up that carrion there and throw it into the sea4 ,the gold upon it is for your pains4 ,you there with the wounded shoulder you have no great hurt4 ,i'll salve it with ten pieces of eight from the captain's own share1 the next prize we take4 ,a shout of acclamation arose that scared the sea fowl4 ,they who so short a time before had been ready to tear me limb from limb now with the greatest apparent delight hailed me as captain4 ,how soon they might revert to their former mood was a question that ,i found not worth while to propound to myself4 ,by this the man in black and silver had recovered his breath and his equanimity4 ,have you no commission with which to honor me1 noble captain8 he asked in gently reproachful tones4 ,have you forgot how often you were wont to employ me in those sweet days when your eyes were black8 ,by no means1 ,master ,paradise1 ,i said courteously4 ,i desire your company and that of the gentleman from ,lima4 ,you will go with me to bring up the rest of my party4 ,the three gentlemen of the broken head1 the bushy ruff1 which ,i protest is vastly becoming1 and the wounded shoulder will escort us4 ,the rest of your party8 said ,paradise softly4 ,ay1 ,i answered nonchalantly4 ,they are down the beach and around the point warming themselves by a fire which this piled-up sand hides from you4 ,despite the sunshine it is a biting air4 ,let us be going6 ,this island wearies me1 and ,i am anxious to be on board ship and away4 ,so small an escort scarce befits so great a captain1 he said4 ,we will all attend you4 ,one and all started forward4 ,i called to mind and gave utterance to all the oaths ,i had heard in the wars4 ,i entertain you for my subordinate whom ,i command1 and not who commands me6 ,i cried1 when my memory failed me4 ,as for you1 you dogs1 who would question your captain and his doings1 stay where you are1 if you would not be lessoned in earnest6 ,sheer audacity is at times the surest steed a man can bestride4 ,now at least it did me good service4 ,with oaths and grunts of admiration the pirates stayed where they were1 and went about their business of launching the boats and stripping the body of ,red ,gil1 while the man in black and silver1 the ,spaniard1 the two gravediggers1 the knave with the wounded shoulder1 and myself walked briskly up the beach4 ,with these five at my heels ,i strode up to the dying fire and to those who had sprung to their feet at our approach4 ,sparrow1 ,i said easily1 luck being with us as usual1 ,i have fallen in with a party of rovers4 ,i have told them who ,i am1--that ,kirby1 to wit1 whom an injurious world calls the blackest pirate unhanged1--and ,i have recounted to them how the great galleon which ,i took some months ago went down yesterday with all on board1 you and ,i with these others being the sole survivors4 ,by dint of a little persuasion they have elected me their captain1 and we will go on board directly and set sail for the ,indies1 a hunting ground which we never should have left4 ,you need not look so blank2 you shall be my mate and right hand still4 ,i turned to the five who formed my escort4 ,this1 gentlemen1 is my mate1 ,jeremy ,sparrow by name1 who hath a taste for divinity that in no wise interferes with his taste for a galleon or a guarda costa4 ,this man1 ,diccon ,demon by name1 was of my crew4 ,the gentleman without a sword is my prisoner1 taken by me from the last ship ,i sunk4 ,how he1 an ,englishman1 came to be upon a ,spanish bark ,i have not found leisure to inquire4 ,the lady is my prisoner1 also4 ,sure by rights she should be gaoler and hold all men's hearts in ward1 said ,paradise1 with a low bow to my unfortunate captive4 ,while he spoke a most remarkable transformation was going on4 ,the minister's grave1 rugged1 and deeply lined face smoothed itself and shed ten years at least2 in the eyes that ,i had seen wet with noble tears a laughing devil now lurked1 while his strong mouth became a loose-lipped1 devil-may-care one4 ,his head with its aureole of bushy1 grizzled hair set itself jauntily upon one side1 and from it and from his face and his whole great frame breathed a wicked jollity quite indescribable4 ,odsbodikins1 captain6 he cried4 ,kirby's luck6--'twill pass into a saw6 ,adzooks6 and so you're captain once more1 and ,i'm mate once more1 and we've a ship once more1 and we're off once more ,to sail the ,spanish ,main1 ,and give the ,spaniard pain1 ,heave ho1 bully boy1 heave ho6 ,by 'r lakin6 ,i'm too dry to sing4 ,it will take all the wine of ,xeres in the next galleon to unparch my tongue6 ,,notes the grave3--,this refers to the latter part of chapter #ba of ,to ,have and to ,hold2 the hero1 ,ralph ,percy1 who has been shipwrecked with his companions1 discovers a group of pirates burying their dead captain4 pezos and pieces of eight3--peso is the ,spanish word for dollar2 pieces of eight are dollars also1 each dollar containing eight reals4 the man in black and silver3--,paradise1 an ,englishman4 frails3--,baskets made of rushes4 ,kirby3--,a renowned pirate mentioned in chapter #ba4 ,maracaibo3--,the city or the gulf of that name in ,venezuela4 galleasses3--,heavy1 low-built vessels having sails as well as oars4 ,lucayas3--,an old name for the ,bahama ,islands4 de ,leon3--,ponce de ,leon discovered ,florida in #aeac2 he searched long for a fountain which would restore youth4 aqua vit3--,latin for water of life4 ,summer ,isles3--,another name for the ,bermuda ,islands4 ,cartagena3--,a city in ,spain4 ,lima3--,a city in ,peru4 ,toledo3--,a ,toledo blade--a sword of the very finest temper1 made in ,toledo1 ,spain4 the ,low ,countries3--,holland and ,belgium4 seor3--,the ,spanish word for sir4 ,weyanoke3--,the home of the hero1 near ,jamestown1 ,virginia4 ,sparrow3--,a minister1 one of the hero's companions2 see chapter #c of ,to ,have and to ,hold4 guarda costa3--,coast guard4 ,diccon3--,ralph ,percy's servant4 the gentleman without a sword3--,lord ,carnal1 an enemy of ,percy4 the lady3--,she is really ,percy's wife4 ,odsbodikins2 ,adzooks3--,oaths much used two centuries ago4 ,by 'r lakin3--,by our ladykin 7little lady72 an oath by the ,virgin ,mary4 ,xeres3--,the ,spanish town after which sherry wine is named4 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study ,this selection is easily understood4 ,ralph ,percy1 his wife1 and several others 7see notes7 are cast on a desert shore after the sinking of their boat4 ,percy leaves his companions for a time and falls among pirates2 he pretends to be a sea-rover himself4 ,why does he allude to the pirate ship as a cockboat8 ,why are the pirates impressed by his remarks8 ,why does ,percy emphasize the riches of the sunken ship8 ,is what he says true8 7,see chapter #ai of ,to ,have and to ,hold47 ,if not1 is he justified in telling a falsehood8 ,is he really ,kirby8 ,is he fortunate in his assertion that he is8 ,how does he explain his lack of resemblance to ,kirby8 ,what kind of person is the hero8 ,why does he wish to become the leader of the pirates8 ,is it possible that the pirate crew should change their attitude so suddenly8 ,is it a good plan in a story to make a hero tell of his own successes8 ,characterize the man in black and silver4 ,how does the author make us feel the action and peril of the struggle8 ,how does she make us feel the long duration of the fight with ,paradise8 ,do you like the hero's behavior with the defeated pirates8 ,why is he so careful to repeat to the minister what he has told the pirates8 ,why does the minister appear to change his character8 ,can you make this piece into a little play8 ,,theme ,,subjects ,the ,real ,pirates ,spanish ,gold ,a ,fight for ,life ,a ,famous ,duel ,buried ,treasure ,playing ,pirates ,sea ,stories that ,i ,like ,captain ,kidd ,ponce de ,leon ,the ,search for ,gold ,story-book ,heroes ,along the ,sea ,shore ,a ,barren ,island ,the ,rivals ,land ,pirates ,the ,pirates in ,peter ,pan ,a ,struggle for ,leadership ,our ,high ,school ,play ,,suggestions ,,for ,,writing ,try to make a fragment of a play out of this selection4 ,in this process1 all the class may work together under the direction of the teacher1 or each pupil may make his own attempt to dramatize the piece4 ,in writing the drama1 tell first what the setting is4 ,in doing so1 you had better look up some modern play and see how the setting is explained to the reader or the actors4 ,now show the pirates at work1 and give a few lines of their conversation2 then have the hero come upon the scene4 ,indicate the speech of each person1 and put in all necessary stage directions4 ,perhaps you will want to add more dialogue than there is here4 ,some of the onlookers may have something to say4 ,perhaps you will wish to leave something out4 ,it might be well1 while the fighting is going on1 to bring in remarks from the combatants and the other pirates4 ,you might look up the duel scene in ,hamlet for this point4 ,you can end your play with the departure of the group2 or you can write a second scene1 in which the hero's companions appear1 including the lady4 ,considerable dialogue could be invented here1 and a new episode added--a quarrel1 a plan for organization1 or a merry-making4 ,when your play is finished1 you may possibly wish to have it acted before the class4 ,a few turbans1 sashes1 and weapons will be sufficient to give an air of piracy to the group of players4 ,some grim black mustaches would complete the effect4 ,a ,pirate ,story3--,tell an old-fashioned yarn of adventure1 in which a modest hero relates his own experiences4 ,give your imagination a good deal of liberty4 ,do not waste much time in getting started1 but plunge very soon into the actual story4 ,let your hero tell how he fell among the pirates4 ,then go on with the conversation that ensued--the threats1 the boasting1 and the bravado4 ,make the hero report his struggles1 or the tricks that he resorted to in order to outwit the sea-rovers4 ,perhaps he failed at first and got into still greater dangers4 ,follow out his adventures to the moment of his escape4 ,make your descriptions short and vivid2 put in as much direct conversation as possible2 keep the action brisk and spirited4 ,try to write a lively tale that would interest a group of younger boys4 ,,collateral ,,readings ,to ,have and to ,hold ,mary ,johnston ,prisoners of ,hope ,the ,long ,roll ,cease ,firing ,audrey ,the ,virginians ,w4,m4 ,thackeray ,white ,aprons ,maude ,wilder ,goodwin ,the ,gold ,bug ,edgar ,allan ,poe ,treasure ,island ,r4,l4 ,stevenson ,kidnapped ,ebb ,tide ,buccaneers and ,pirates of our ,coast ,frank ,r4 ,stockton ,kate ,bonnett ,drake ,julian ,corbett ,drake and his ,yeomen ,james ,barnes ,drake1 the ,sea-king of ,devon ,g4,m4 ,towle ,raleigh ,red ,rover ,j4,f4 ,cooper ,the ,pirate ,walter ,scott ,robinson ,crusoe ,daniel ,defoe ,two ,years before the ,mast ,r4,h4 ,dana ,tales of a ,traveller 7,part ,,iv7 ,washington ,irving ,nonsense ,novels 7chapter #h7 ,stephen ,leacock ,the ,duel 7in ,the ,master of ,ballantrae1 chapter #d7 ,r4,l4 ,stevenson ,the ,lost ,galleon 7poem7 ,bret ,harte ,stolen ,treasure ,howard ,pyle ,jack ,ballister's ,fortunes ,buried ,treasure ,r4,b4 ,paine ,the ,last ,buccaneer 7poem7 ,charles ,kingsley ,the ,book of the ,ocean ,ernest ,ingersoll ,ocean ,life in the ,old ,sailing-,ship ,days ,j4,d4 ,whidden ,for ,portraits of ,miss ,johnston1 see ,bookman1 #bj3djb2 #bh3aic4 ,,the ,,grasshopper ,,edith ,m4 ,,thomas ,shuttle of the sunburnt grass1 ,fifer in the dun cuirass1 ,fifing shrilly in the morn1 ,shrilly still at eve unworn2 ,now to rear1 now in the van1 ,gayest of the elfin clan3 ,though ,i watch their rustling flight1 ,i can never guess aright ,where their lodging-places are2 ',mid some daisy's golden star1 ,or beneath a roofing leaf1 ,or in fringes of a sheaf1 ,tenanted as soon as bound6 ,loud thy reveille doth sound1 ,when the earth is laid asleep1 ,and her dreams are passing deep1 ,on mid-,august afternoons2 ,and through all the harvest moons1 ,nights brimmed up with honeyed peace1 ,thy gainsaying doth not cease4 ,when the frost comes1 thou art dead2 ,we along the stubble tread1 ,on blue1 frozen morns1 and note ,no least murmur is afloat3 ,wondrous still our fields are then1 ,fifer of the elfin men6 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study ,why is the grasshopper called a shuttle8 ,what does the word still mean here8 ,who are the elfin clan8 ,by whom is the sheaf tenanted8 ,what is a reveille8 ,does the grasshopper chirp at night8 ,why is its cry called gainsaying8 ,see how simple the meter 7measure7 is in this little poem4 ,ask your teacher to explain how it is represented by these characters3 -u-u-u- -u-u-u- ,transcriber's note3 ,the u's represent breve marks in the text ,note which signs indicate the accented syllables4 ,see whether or not the accent comes at the end of the line4 ,the rhyme-scheme is called a couplet1 because of the way in which two lines are linked together4 ,this kind of rhyme is represented by aa1 bb1 cc1 etc4 ,,exercises ,find some other poem that has the same meter and rhyme that this one has4 ,try to write a short poem of five or six couplets1 using this meter and rhyme4 ,you do not need to choose a highly poetic subject3 ,try something very simple4 ,perhaps you can get a start from one of the lines given below3-- #a4 ,glowing1 darting dragon-fly4 #b4 ,voyager on dusty wings 7,a ,moth74 #c4 ,buzzing through the fragrant air 7,a ,bee74 #d4 ,trembling lurker in the gloom 7,a ,mouse74 #e4 ,gay red-throated epicure 7,a humming-bird74 #f4 ,stealthy vagrant of the night 7,an ,owl74 #g4 ,flashing through your crystal room 7,a ,gold-fish74 #h4 ,fairyland is all awake4 #i4 ,once when all the woods were green4 #aj4 ,in the forest is a pool4 ,,collateral ,,readings ,on the ,grasshopper and ,cricket ,john ,keats ,to the ,grasshopper and the ,cricket ,leigh ,hunt ,little ,brother of the ,ground ,edwin ,markham ,the ,humble ,bee ,r4,w4 ,emerson ,the ,cricket ,percy ,mackaye ,the ,katydid ,a ,glow ,worm 7in ,little ,folk ,lyrics7 ,f4,d4 ,sherman ,bees ,,moly ,,edith ,m4 ,,thomas ,the root is hard to loose ,from hold of earth by mortals1 but ,gods' power ,can all things do4 ',tis black1 but bears a flower ,as white as milk4 7,chapman's ,homer47 ,traveller1 pluck a stem of moly1 ,if thou touch at ,circe's isle1-- ,hermes' moly1 growing solely ,to undo enchanter's wile4 ,when she proffers thee her chalice1-- ,wine and spices mixed with malice1-- ,when she smites thee with her staff ,to transform thee1 do thou laugh6 ,safe thou art if thou but bear ,the least leaf of moly rare4 ,close it grows beside her portal1 ,springing from a stock immortal1-- ,yes1 and often has the ,witch ,sought to tear it from its niche2 ,but to thwart her cruel will ,the wise ,god renews it still4 ,though it grows in soil perverse1 ,heaven hath been its jealous nurse1 ,and a flower of snowy mark ,springs from root and sheathing dark2 ,kingly safeguard1 only herb ,that can brutish passion curb6 ,some do think its name should be ,shield-heart1 ,white ,integrity4 ,traveller1 pluck a stem of moly1 ,if thou touch at ,circe's isle1-- ,hermes' moly1 growing solely ,to undo enchanter's wile6 ,,notes ,chapman's ,homer3--,george ,chapman 7#aeei8-afcd7 was an ,english poet4 ,he translated ,homer from the ,greek into ,english verse4 moly3--,an herb with a black root and a white flower1 which ,hermes gave to ,odysseus in order to help him withstand the spell of the witch ,circe4 ,circe3--,a witch who charmed her victims with a drink that she prepared for them1 and then changed them into the animals they in character most resembled4 ,hermes3--,the messenger of the other ,greek gods2 he was crafty and eloquent4 ,the wise ,god3--,hermes1 or ,mercury4 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study ,before you try to study this poem carefully1 find out something of the story of ,ulysses and ,circe3 when you have this information1 the poem will become clear4 ,notice how the author applies the old ,greek tale to the experiences of everyday life4 ,this would be a good poem to memorize4 ,,collateral ,,readings ,on ,first ,looking into ,chapman's ,homer ,john ,keats ,the ,strayed ,reveller ,matthew ,arnold ,the ,wine of ,circe ,dante ,gabriel ,rossetti ,tanglewood ,tales 7,circe's ,palace7 ,nathaniel ,hawthorne ,greek ,story and ,song1 pp4 #bad-bbe ,a4,j4 ,church ,the ,odyssey1 pp4 #aea-afd 7,school ,ed47 ,g4,h4 ,palmer 7,trans47 ,classic ,myths1 chapter #bd ,c4,m4 ,gayley ,the ,age of ,fable1 p4 #bie ,thomas ,bulfinch ,the ,prayer of the ,swine to ,circe ,austin ,dobson ,,pictures ,the ,wine of ,circe ,sir ,edward ,burne-,jones ,circe and the ,companions of ,ulysses ,briton ,rivire ,,the ,,promised ,,land ,,mary ,,antin 7,from ,chapter ,,ix of ,the ,promised ,land7 ,during his three years of probation1 my father had made a number of false starts in business4 ,his history for that period is the history of thousands who come to ,america1 like him1 with pockets empty1 hands untrained to the use of tools1 minds cramped by centuries of repression in their native land4 ,dozens of these men pass under your eyes every day1 my ,american friend1 too absorbed in their honest affairs to notice the looks of suspicion which you cast at them1 the repugnance with which you shrink from their touch4 ,you see them shuffle from door to door with a basket of spools and buttons1 or bending over the sizzling irons in a basement tailor shop1 or rummaging in your ash can1 or moving a pushcart from curb to curb1 at the command of the burly policeman4 ,the ,jew peddler6 you say1 and dismiss him from your premises and from your thoughts1 never dreaming that the sordid drama of his days may have a moral that concerns you4 ,what if the creature with the untidy beard carries in his bosom his citizenship papers8 ,what if the cross-legged tailor is supporting a boy in college who is one day going to mend your state constitution for you8 ,what if the ragpicker's daughters are hastening over the ocean to teach your children in the public schools8 ,think1 every time you pass the greasy alien on the street1 that he was born thousands of years before the oldest native ,american2 and he may have something to communicate to you1 when you two shall have learned a common language4 ,remember that his very physiognomy is a cipher the key to which it behooves you to search for most diligently4 99 99 99 99 99 ,by the time we joined my father1 he had surveyed many avenues of approach toward the coveted citadel of fortune4 ,one of these1 heretofore untried1 he now proposed to essay1 armed with new courage1 and cheered on by the presence of his family4 ,in partnership with an energetic little man who had an ,english chapter in his history1 he prepared to set up a refreshment booth on ,crescent ,beach4 ,but while he was completing arrangements at the beach1 we remained in town1 where we enjoyed the educational advantages of a thickly populated neighborhood2 namely1 ,wall ,street1 in the ,west ,end of ,boston4 ,anybody who knows ,boston knows that the ,west and ,north ,ends are the wrong ends of that city4 ,they form the tenement district1 or1 in the newer phrase1 the slums of ,boston4 ,anybody who is acquainted with the slums of any ,american metropolis knows that that is the quarter where poor immigrants foregather1 to live1 for the most part1 as unkempt1 half-washed1 toiling1 unaspiring foreigners2 pitiful in the eyes of social missionaries1 the despair of boards of health1 the hope of ward politicians1 the touchstone of ,american democracy4 ,the well-versed metropolitan knows the slums as a sort of house of detention for poor aliens1 where they live on probation till they can show a certificate of good citizenship4 ,he may know all this and yet not guess how ,wall ,street1 in the ,west ,end1 appears in the eyes of a little immigrant from ,polotzk4 ,what would the sophisticated sight-seer say about ,union ,place1 off ,wall ,street1 where my new home waited for me8 ,he would say that it is no place at all1 but a short box of an alley4 ,two rows of three-story tenements are its sides1 a stingy strip of sky is its lid1 a littered pavement is the floor1 and a narrow mouth its exit4 ,but ,i saw a very different picture on my introduction to ,union ,place4 ,i saw two imposing rows of brick buildings1 loftier than any dwelling ,i had ever lived in4 ,brick was even on the ground for me to tread on1 instead of common earth or boards4 ,many friendly windows stood open1 filled with uncovered heads of women and children4 ,i thought the people were interested in us1 which was very neighborly4 ,i looked up to the topmost row of windows1 and my eyes were filled with the ,may blue of an ,american sky6 ,in our days of affluence in ,russia we had been accustomed to upholstered parlors1 embroidered linen1 silver spoons and candlesticks1 goblets of gold1 kitchen shelves shining with copper and brass4 ,we had feather-beds heaped halfway to the ceiling2 we had clothes presses dusky with velvet and silk and fine woolen4 ,the three small rooms into which my father now ushered us1 up one flight of stairs1 contained only the necessary beds1 with lean mattresses2 a few wooden chairs2 a table or two2 a mysterious iron structure1 which later turned out to be a stove2 a couple of unornamental kerosene lamps2 and a scanty array of cooking-utensils and crockery4 ,and yet we were all impressed with our new home and its furniture4 ,it was not only because we had just passed through our seven lean years1 cooking in earthern vessels1 eating black bread on holidays and wearing cotton2 it was chiefly because these wooden chairs and tin pans were ,american chairs and pans that they shone glorious in our eyes4 ,and if there was anything lacking for comfort or decoration we expected it to be presently supplied--at least1 we children did4 ,perhaps my mother alone1 of us newcomers1 appreciated the shabbiness of the little apartment1 and realized that for her there was as yet no laying down of the burden of poverty4 ,our initiation into ,american ways began with the first step on the new soil4 ,my father found occasion to instruct or correct us even on the way from the pier to ,wall ,street1 which journey we made crowded together in a rickety cab4 ,he told us not to lean out of the windows1 not to point1 and explained the word greenhorn4 ,we did not want to be greenhorns1 and gave the strictest attention to my father's instructions4 ,i do not know when my parents found opportunity to review together the history of ,polotzk in the three years past1 for we children had no patience with the subject2 my mother's narrative was constantly interrupted by irrelevant questions1 interjections1 and explanations4 ,the first meal was an object lesson of much variety4 ,my father produced several kinds of food1 ready to eat1 without any cooking1 from little tin cans that had printing all over them4 ,he attempted to introduce us to a queer1 slippery kind of fruit1 which he called banana1 but had to give it up for the time being4 ,after the meal1 he had better luck with a curious piece of furniture on runners1 which he called rocking-chair4 ,there were five of us newcomers1 and we found five different ways of getting into the ,american machine of perpetual motion1 and as many ways of getting out of it4 ,one born and bred to the use of a rocking-chair cannot imagine how ludicrous people can make themselves when attempting to use it for the first time4 ,we laughed immoderately over our various experiments with the novelty1 which was a wholesome way of letting off steam after the unusual excitement of the day4 ,in our flat we did not think of such a thing as storing the coal in the bathtub4 ,there was no bathtub4 ,so in the evening of the first day my father conducted us to the public baths4 ,as we moved along in a little procession1 ,i was delighted with the illumination of the streets4 ,so many lamps1 and they burned until morning1 my father said1 and so people did not need to carry lanterns4 ,in ,america1 then1 everything was free1 as we had heard in ,russia4 ,light was free2 the streets were as bright as a synagogue on a holy day4 ,music was free2 we had been serenaded1 to our gaping delight1 by a brass band of many pieces1 soon after our installation on ,union ,place4 ,education was free4 ,that subject my father had written about repeatedly1 as comprising his chief hope for us children1 the essence of ,american opportunity1 the treasure that no thief could touch1 not even misfortune or poverty4 ,it was the one thing that he was able to promise us when he sent for us2 surer1 safer than bread or shelter4 ,on our second day ,i was thrilled with the realization of what this freedom of education meant4 ,a little girl from across the alley came and offered to conduct us to school4 ,my father was out1 but we five between us had a few words of ,english by this time4 ,we knew the word school4 ,we understood4 ,this child1 who had never seen us till yesterday1 who could not pronounce our names1 who was not much better dressed than we1 was able to offer us the freedom of the schools of ,boston6 ,no application made1 no questions asked1 no examinations1 rulings1 exclusions2 no machinations1 no fees4 ,the doors stood open for every one of us4 ,the smallest child could show us the way4 ,this incident impressed me more than anything ,i had heard in advance of the freedom of education in ,america4 ,it was a concrete proof--almost the thing itself4 ,one had to experience it to understand it4 ,it was a great disappointment to be told by my father that we were not to enter upon our school career at once4 ,it was too near the end of the term1 he said1 and we were going to move to ,crescent ,beach in a week or so4 ,we had to wait until the opening of the schools in ,september4 ,what a loss of precious time--from ,may till ,september6 ,not that the time was really lost4 ,even the interval on ,union ,place was crowded with lessons and experiences4 ,we had to visit the stores and be dressed from head to foot in ,american clothing2 we had to learn the mysteries of the iron stove1 the washboard1 and the speaking-tube2 we had to learn to trade with the fruit peddler through the window1 and not to be afraid of the policeman2 and1 above all1 we had to learn ,english4 ,the kind people who assisted us in these important matters form a group by themselves in the gallery of my friends4 ,if ,i had never seen them from those early days till now1 ,i should still have remembered them with gratitude4 ,when ,i enumerate the long list of ,american teachers1 ,i must begin with those who came to us on ,wall ,street and taught us our first steps4 ,to my mother1 in her perplexity over the cookstove1 the woman who showed her how to make the fire was an angel of deliverance4 ,a fairy godmother to us children was she who led us to a wonderful country called uptown1 where in a dazzlingly beautiful palace called a department store1 we exchanged our hateful homemade ,european costumes1 which pointed us out as greenhorns to the children on the street1 for real ,american machine-made garments1 and issued forth glorified in each other's eyes4 ,with our despised immigrant clothing we shed also our impossible ,hebrew names4 ,a committee of our friends1 several years ahead of us in ,american experience1 put their heads together and concocted ,american names for us all4 ,those of our real names that had no pleasing ,american equivalents they ruthlessly discarded1 content if they retained the initials4 ,my mother1 possessing a name that was not easily translatable1 was punished with the undignified nickname of ,annie4 ,fetchke1 ,joseph1 and ,deborah issued as ,frieda1 ,joseph1 and ,dora1 respectively4 ,as for poor me1 ,i was simply cheated4 ,the name they gave me was hardly new4 ,my ,hebrew name being ,maryashe in full1 ,mashke for short1 ,russianized into ,marya 7,mar-ya7 my friends said that it would hold good in ,english as ,mary2 which was very disappointing1 as ,i longed to possess a strange-sounding ,american name like the others4 ,i am forgetting the consolation ,i had1 in this matter of names1 from the use of my surname1 which ,i have had no occasion to mention until now4 ,i found on my arrival that my father was ,mr4 ,antin on the slightest provocation1 and not1 as in ,polotzk1 on state occasions alone4 ,and so ,i was ,mary ,antin1 and ,i felt very important to answer to such a dignified title4 ,it was just like ,america that even plain people should wear their surnames on week days4 ,as a family we were so diligent under instruction1 so adaptable1 and so clever in hiding our deficiencies1 that when we made the journey to ,crescent ,beach1 in the wake of our small wagon-load of household goods1 my father had very little occasion to admonish us on the way1 and ,i am sure he was not ashamed of us4 ,so much we had achieved toward our ,americanization during the two weeks since our landing4 ,crescent ,beach is a name that is printed in very small type on the maps of the environs of ,boston1 but a life-size strip of sand curves from ,winthrop to ,lynn2 and that is historic ground in the annals of my family4 ,the place is now a popular resort for holiday crowds1 and is famous under the name of ,revere ,beach4 ,when the reunited ,antins made their stand there1 however1 there were no boulevards1 no stately bath-houses1 no hotels1 no gaudy amusement places1 no illuminations1 no showmen1 no tawdry rabble4 ,there was only the bright clean sweep of sand1 the summer sea1 and the summer sky4 ,at high tide the whole ,atlantic rushed in1 tossing the seaweeds in his mane2 at low tide he rushed out1 growling and gnashing his granite teeth4 ,between tides a baby might play on the beach1 digging with pebbles and shells1 till it lay asleep on the sand4 ,the whole sun shone by day1 troops of stars by night1 and the great moon in its season4 ,into this grand cycle of the seaside day ,i came to live and learn and play4 ,a few people came with me1 as ,i have already intimated2 but the main thing was that ,i came to live on the edge of the sea--,i1 who had spent my life inland1 believing that the great waters of the world were spread out before me in the ,dvina4 ,my idea of the human world had grown enormously during the long journey2 my idea of the earth had expanded with every day at sea1 my idea of the world outside the earth now budded and swelled during my prolonged experience of the wide and unobstructed heavens4 ,not that ,i got any inkling of the conception of a multiple world4 ,i had had no lessons in cosmogony1 and ,i had no spontaneous revelation of the true position of the earth in the universe4 ,for me1 as for my fathers1 the sun set and rose1 and ,i did not feel the earth rushing through space4 ,but ,i lay stretched out in the sun1 my eyes level with the sea1 till ,i seemed to be absorbed bodily by the very materials of the world around me2 till ,i could not feel my hand as separate from the warm sand in which it was buried4 ,or ,i crouched on the beach at full moon1 wondering1 wondering1 between the two splendors of the sky and the sea4 ,or ,i ran out to meet the incoming storm1 my face full in the wind1 my being a-tingle with an awesome delight to the tips of my fog-matted locks flying behind2 and stood clinging to some stake or upturned boat1 shaken by the roar and rumble of the waves4 ,so clinging1 ,i pretended that ,i was in danger1 and was deliciously frightened2 ,i held on with both hands1 and shook my head1 exulting in the tumult around me1 equally ready to laugh or sob4 ,or else ,i sat1 on the stillest days1 with my back to the sea1 not looking at all1 but just listening to the rustle of the waves on the sand2 not thinking at all1 but just breathing with the sea4 ,thus courting the influence of sea and sky and variable weather1 ,i was bound to have dreams1 hints1 imaginings4 ,it was no more than this1 perhaps3 that the world as ,i knew it was not large enough to contain all that ,i saw and felt2 that the thoughts that flashed through my mind1 not half understood1 unrelated to my utterable thoughts1 concerned something for which ,i had as yet no name4 ,every imaginative growing child has these flashes of intuition1 especially one that becomes intimate with some one aspect of nature4 ,with me it was the growing time1 that idle summer by the sea1 and ,i grew all the faster because ,i had been so cramped before4 ,my mind1 too1 had so recently been worked upon by the impressive experience of a change of country that ,i was more than commonly alive to impressions1 which are the seeds of ideas4 ,let no one suppose that ,i spent my time entirely1 or even chiefly1 in inspired solitude4 ,by far the best part of my day was spent in play--frank1 hearty1 boisterous play1 such as comes natural to ,american children4 ,in ,polotzk ,i had already begun to be considered too old for play1 excepting set games or organized frolics4 ,here ,i found myself included with children who still played1 and ,i willingly returned to childhood4 ,there were plenty of playfellows4 ,my father's energetic little partner had a little wife and a large family4 ,he kept them in the little cottage next to ours2 and that the shanty survived the tumultuous presence of that brood is a wonder to me to-day4 ,the young ,wilners included an assortment of boys1 girls1 and twins1 of every possible variety of age1 size1 disposition1 and sex4 ,they swarmed in and out of the cottage all day long1 wearing the door-sill hollow1 and trampling the ground to powder4 ,they swung out of windows like monkeys1 slid up the roof like flies1 and shot out of trees like fowls4 ,even a small person like me couldn't go anywhere without being run over by a ,wilner2 and ,i could never tell which ,wilner it was because none of them ever stood still long enough to be identified2 and also because ,i suspected that they were in the habit of interchanging conspicuous articles of clothing1 which was very confusing4 ,you would suppose that the little mother must have been utterly lost1 bewildered1 trodden down in this horde of urchins2 but you are mistaken4 ,mrs4 ,wilner was a positively majestic little person4 ,she ruled her brood with the utmost coolness and strictness4 ,she had even the biggest boy under her thumb1 frequently under her palm4 ,if they enjoyed the wildest freedom outdoors1 indoors the young ,wilners lived by the clock4 ,and so at five o'clock in the evening1 on seven days in the week1 my father's partner's children could be seen in two long rows around the supper table4 ,you could tell them apart on this occasion1 because they all had their faces washed4 ,and this is the time to count them3 there are twelve little ,wilners at table4 ,i managed to retain my identity in this multitude somehow1 and while ,i was very much impressed with their numbers1 ,i even dared to pick and choose my friends among the ,wilners4 ,one or two of the smaller boys ,i liked best of all1 for a game of hide-and-seek or a frolic on the beach4 ,we played in the water like ducks1 never taking the trouble to get dry4 ,one day ,i waded out with one of the boys1 to see which of us dared go farthest4 ,the tide was extremely low1 and we had not wet our knees when we began to look back to see if familiar objects were still in sight4 ,i thought we had been wading for hours1 and still the water was so shallow and quiet4 ,my companion was marching straight ahead1 so ,i did the same4 ,suddenly a swell lifted us almost off our feet1 and we clutched at each other simultaneously4 ,there was a lesser swell1 and little waves began to run1 and a sigh went up from the sea4 ,the tide was turning--perhaps a storm was on the way--and we were miles1 dreadful miles from dry land4 ,boy and girl turned without a word1 four determined bare legs ploughing through the water1 four scared eyes straining toward the land4 ,through an eternity of toil and fear they kept dumbly on1 death at their heels1 pride still in their hearts4 ,at last they reach high-water mark--six hours before full tide4 ,each has seen the other afraid1 and each rejoices in the knowledge4 ,but only the boy is sure of his tongue4 ,you was scared1 warn't you8 he taunts4 ,the girl understands so much1 and is able to reply3 ,you can schwimmen1 ,i not4 ,betcher life ,i can schwimmen1 the other mocks4 ,and the girl walks off1 angry and hurt4 ,an' ,i can walk on my hands1 the tormentor calls after her4 ,say1 you greenhorn1 why don'tcher look8 ,the girl keeps straight on1 vowing that she would never walk with that rude boy again1 neither by land nor sea1 not even though the waters should part at his bidding4 ,i am forgetting the more serious business which had brought us to ,crescent ,beach4 ,while we children disported ourselves like mermaids and mermen in the surf1 our respective fathers dispensed cold lemonade1 hot peanuts1 and pink popcorn1 and piled up our respective fortunes1 nickel by nickel1 penny by penny4 ,i was very proud of my connection with the public life of the beach4 ,i admired greatly our shining soda fountain1 the rows of sparkling glasses1 the pyramids of oranges1 the sausage chains1 the neat white counter1 and the bright array of tin spoons4 ,it seemed to me that none of the other refreshment stands on the beach--there were a few--were half so attractive as ours4 ,i thought my father looked very well in a long white apron and shirt sleeves4 ,he dished out ice cream with enthusiasm1 so ,i supposed he was getting rich4 ,it never occurred to me to compare his present occupation with the position for which he had been originally destined2 or if ,i thought about it1 ,i was just as well content1 for by this time ,i had by heart my father's saying1 ,america is not ,polotzk4 ,all occupations were respectable1 all men were equal1 in ,america4 ,if ,i admired the soda fountain and the sausage chains1 ,i almost worshipped the partner1 ,mr4 ,wilner4 ,i was content to stand for an hour at a time watching him make potato chips4 ,in his cook's cap and apron1 with a ladle in his hand and a smile on his face1 he moved about with the greatest agility1 whisking his raw materials out of nowhere1 dipping into his bubbling kettle with a flourish1 and bringing forth the finished product with a caper4 ,such potato chips were not to be had anywhere else on ,crescent ,beach4 ,thin as tissue paper1 crisp as dry snow1 and salt as the sea--such thirst-producing1 lemonade-selling1 nickel-bringing potato chips only ,mr4 ,wilner could make4 ,on holidays1 when dozens of family parties came out by every train from town1 he could hardly keep up with the demand for his potato chips4 ,and with a waiting crowd around him our partner was at his best4 ,he was as voluble as he was skilful1 and as witty as he was voluble2 at least so ,i guessed from the laughter that frequently drowned his voice4 ,i could not understand his jokes1 but if ,i could get near enough to watch his lips and his smile and his merry eyes1 ,i was happy4 ,that any one could talk so fast1 and in ,english1 was marvel enough1 but that this prodigy should belong to our establishment was a fact to thrill me4 ,i had never seen anything like ,mr4 ,wilner1 except a wedding jester2 but then he spoke common ,yiddish4 ,so proud was ,i of the talent and good taste displayed at our stand that if my father beckoned to me in the crowd and sent me on an errand1 ,i hoped the people noticed that ,i1 too1 was connected with the establishment4 ,and all this splendor and glory and distinction came to a sudden end4 ,there was some trouble about a license--some fee or fine--there was a storm in the night that damaged the soda fountain and other fixtures--there was talk and consultation between the houses of ,antin and ,wilner--and the promising partnership was dissolved4 ,no more would the merry partner gather the crowd on the beach2 no more would the twelve young ,wilners gambol like mermen and mermaids in the surf4 ,and the less numerous tribe of ,antin must also say farewell to the jolly seaside life2 for men in such humble business as my father's carry their families1 along with their other earthly goods1 wherever they go1 after the manner of the gypsies4 ,we had driven a feeble stake into the sand4 ,the jealous ,atlantic1 in conspiracy with the ,sunday law1 had torn it out4 ,we must seek our luck elsewhere4 ,in ,polotzk we had supposed that ,america was practically synonymous with ,boston4 ,when we landed in ,boston1 the horizon was pushed back1 and we annexed ,crescent ,beach4 ,and now1 espying other lands of promise1 we took possession of the province of ,chelsea1 in the name of our necessity4 ,in ,chelsea1 as in ,boston1 we made our stand in the wrong end of the town4 ,arlington ,street was inhabited by poor ,jews1 poor ,negroes1 and a sprinkling of poor ,irish4 ,the side streets leading from it were occupied by more poor ,jews and ,negroes4 ,it was a proper locality for a man without capital to do business4 ,my father rented a tenement with a store in the basement4 ,he put in a few barrels of flour and of sugar1 a few boxes of crackers1 a few gallons of kerosene1 an assortment of soap of the save the coupon brands2 in the cellar a few barrels of potatoes1 and a pyramid of kindling-wood2 in the showcase1 an alluring display of penny candy4 ,he put out his sign1 with a gilt-lettered warning of ,strictly ,cash1 and proceeded to give credit indiscriminately4 ,that was the regular way to do business on ,arlington ,street4 ,my father1 in his three years' apprenticeship1 had learned the tricks of many trades4 ,he knew when and how to bluff4 ,the legend of ,strictly ,cash was a protection against notoriously irresponsible customers2 while none of the good customers1 who had a record for paying regularly on ,saturday1 hesitated to enter the store with empty purses4 ,if my father knew the tricks of the trade1 my mother could be counted on to throw all her talent and tact into the business4 ,of course she had no ,english yet1 but as she could perform the acts of weighing1 measuring1 and mental computation of fractions mechanically1 she was able to give her whole attention to the dark mysteries of the language1 as intercourse with her customers gave her opportunity4 ,in this she made such rapid progress that she soon lost all sense of disadvantage1 and conducted herself behind the counter very much as if she were back in her old store in ,polotzk4 ,it was far more cozy than ,polotzk--at least1 so it seemed to me2 for behind the store was the kitchen1 where1 in the intervals of slack trade1 she did her cooking and washing4 ,arlington ,street customers were used to waiting while the storekeeper salted the soup or rescued a loaf from the oven4 ,once more ,fortune favored my family with a thin little smile1 and my father1 in reply to a friendly inquiry1 would say1 ,one makes a living1 with a shrug of the shoulders that added but nothing to boast of4 ,it was characteristic of my attitude toward bread-and-butter matters that this contented me1 and ,i felt free to devote myself to the conquest of my new world4 ,looking back to those critical first years1 ,i see myself always behaving like a child let loose in a garden to play and dig and chase the butterflies4 ,occasionally1 indeed1 ,i was stung by the wasp of family trouble2 but ,i knew a healing ointment--my faith in ,america4 ,my father had come to ,america to make a living4 ,america1 which was free and fair and kind1 must presently yield him what he sought4 ,i had come to ,america to see a new world1 and ,i followed my own ends with the utmost assiduity2 only1 as ,i ran out to explore1 ,i would look back to see if my house were in order behind me--if my family still kept its head above water4 ,in after years1 when ,i passed as an ,american among ,americans1 if ,i was suddenly made aware of the past that lay forgotten1--if a letter from ,russia1 or a paragraph in the newspaper1 or a conversation overheard in the street-car1 suddenly reminded me of what ,i might have been1--,i thought it miracle enough that ,i1 ,mashke1 the granddaughter of ,raphael the ,russian1 born to a humble destiny1 should be at home in an ,american metropolis1 be free to fashion my own life1 and should dream my dreams in ,english phrases4 ,but in the beginning my admiration was spent on more concrete embodiments of the splendors of ,america2 such as fine houses1 gay shops1 electric engines and apparatus1 public buildings1 illuminations1 and parades4 ,my early letters to my ,russian friends were filled with boastful descriptions of these glories of my new country4 ,no native citizen of ,chelsea took such pride and delight in its institutions as ,i did4 ,it required no fife and drum corps1 no ,fourth of ,july procession1 to set me tingling with patriotism4 ,even the common agents and instruments of municipal life1 such as the letter carrier and the fire engines1 ,i regarded with a measure of respect4 ,i know what ,i thought of people who said that ,chelsea was a very small1 dull1 unaspiring town1 with no discernible excuse for a separate name or existence4 ,the apex of my civic pride and personal contentment was reached on the bright ,september morning when ,i entered the public school4 ,that day ,i must always remember1 even if ,i live to be so old that ,i cannot tell my name4 ,to most people their first day at school is a memorable occasion4 ,in my case the importance of the day was a hundred times magnified1 on account of the years ,i had waited1 the road ,i had come1 and the conscious ambitions ,i entertained4 ,i am wearily aware that ,i am speaking in extreme figures1 in superlatives4 ,i wish ,i knew some other way to render the mental life of the immigrant child of reasoning age4 ,i may have been ever so much an exception in acuteness of observation1 powers of comparison1 and abnormal self-consciousness2 none the less were my thoughts and conduct typical of the attitude of the intelligent immigrant child toward ,american institutions4 ,and what the child thinks and feels is a reflection of the hopes1 desires1 purposes of the parent who brought him overseas1 no matter how precocious and independent the child may be4 ,your immigrant inspectors will tell you what poverty the foreigner brings in his baggage1 what want in his pockets4 ,let the overgrown boy of twelve1 reverently drawing his letters in the baby class1 testify to the noble dreams and high ideals that may be hidden beneath the greasy caftan of the immigrant4 ,speaking for the ,jews1 at least1 ,i know ,i am safe in inviting such an investigation4 ,who were my companions on my first day at school8 ,whose hand was in mine1 as ,i stood1 overcome with awe1 by the teacher's desk1 and whispered my name as my father prompted8 ,was it ,frieda's steady1 capable hand8 ,was it her loyal heart that throbbed1 beat for beat with mine1 as it had done through all our childish adventures8 ,frieda's heart did throb that day1 but not with my emotions4 ,my heart pulsed with joy and pride and ambition2 in her heart longing fought with abnegation4 ,for ,i was led to the schoolroom1 with its sunshine and its singing and the teacher's cheery smile2 while she was led to the workshop1 with its foul air1 care-lined faces1 and the foreman's stern command4 ,our going to school was the fulfilment of my father's best promises to us1 and ,frieda's share in it was to fashion and fit the calico frocks in which the baby sister and ,i made our first appearance in a public schoolroom4 ,i remember to this day the gray pattern of the calico1 so affectionately did ,i regard it as it hung upon the wall--my consecration robe awaiting the beatific day4 ,and ,frieda1 ,i am sure1 remembers it1 too1 so longingly did she regard it as the crisp1 starchy breadths of it slid between her fingers4 ,but whatever were her longings1 she said nothing of them2 she bent over the sewing-machine humming an ,old-,world melody4 ,in every straight1 smooth seam1 perhaps1 she tucked away some lingering impulse of childhood2 but she matched the scrolls and flowers with the utmost care4 ,if a sudden shock of rebellion made her straighten up for an instant1 the next instant she was bending to adjust a ruffle to the best advantage4 ,and when the momentous day arrived1 and the little sister and ,i stood up to be arrayed1 it was ,frieda herself who patted and smoothed my stiff new calico2 who made me turn round and round1 to see that ,i was perfect2 who stooped to pull out a disfiguring basting-thread4 ,if there was anything in her heart besides sisterly love and pride and good-will1 as we parted that morning1 it was a sense of loss and a woman's acquiescence in her fate2 for we had been close friends1 and now our ways would lie apart4 ,longing she felt1 but no envy4 ,she did not grudge me what she was denied4 ,until that morning we had been children together1 but now1 at the fiat of her destiny she became a woman1 with all a woman's cares2 whilst ,i1 so little younger than she1 was bidden to dance at the ,may festival of untroubled childhood4 ,i wish1 for my comfort1 that ,i could say that ,i had some notion of the difference in our lots1 some sense of the injustice to her1 of the indulgence to me4 ,i wish ,i could even say that ,i gave serious thought to the matter4 ,there had always been a distinction between us rather out of proportion to the difference in our years4 ,her good health and domestic instincts had made it natural for her to become my mother's right hand1 in the years preceding the emigration1 when there were no more servants or dependents4 ,then there was the family tradition that ,mary was the quicker1 the brighter of the two1 and that hers could be no common lot4 ,frieda was relied upon for help1 and her sister for glory4 ,and when ,i failed as a milliner's apprentice1 while ,frieda made excellent progress at the dressmaker's1 our fates1 indeed1 were sealed4 ,it was understood1 even before we reached ,boston1 that she would go to work and ,i to school4 ,in view of the family prejudices1 it was the inevitable course4 ,no injustice was intended4 ,my father sent us hand in hand to school1 before he had ever thought of ,america4 ,if1 in ,america1 he had been able to support his family unaided1 it would have been the culmination of his best hopes to see all his children at school1 with equal advantages at home4 ,but when he had done his best1 and was still unable to provide even bread and shelter for us all1 he was compelled to make us children self-supporting as fast as it was practicable4 ,there was no choosing possible2 ,frieda was the oldest1 the strongest1 the best prepared1 and the only one who was of legal age to be put to work4 ,my father has nothing to answer for4 ,he divided the world between his children in accordance with the laws of the country and the compulsion of his circumstances4 ,i have no need of defending him4 ,it is myself that ,i would like to defend1 and ,i cannot4 ,i remember that ,i accepted the arrangements made for my sister and me without much reflection1 and everything that was planned for my advantage ,i took as a matter of course4 ,i was no heartless monster1 but a decidedly self-centered child4 ,if my sister had seemed unhappy it would have troubled me2 but ,i am ashamed to recall that ,i did not consider how little it was that contented her4 ,i was so preoccupied with my own happiness that ,i did not half perceive the splendid devotion of her attitude towards me1 the sweetness of her joy in my good luck4 ,she not only stood by approvingly when ,i was helped to everything2 she cheerfully waited on me herself4 ,and ,i took everything from her hand as if it were my due4 ,the two of us stood a moment in the doorway of the tenement house on ,arlington ,street1 that wonderful ,september morning when ,i first went to school4 ,it was ,i that ran away1 on winged feet of joy and expectation2 it was she whose feet were bound in the tread-mill of daily toil4 ,and ,i was so blind that ,i did not see that the glory lay on her1 and not on me4 99 99 99 99 99 ,father himself conducted us to school4 ,he would not have delegated that mission to the ,president of the ,united ,states4 ,he had awaited the day with impatience equal to mine1 and the visions he saw as he hurried us over the sun-flecked pavements transcended all my dreams4 ,almost his first act on landing on ,american soil1 three years before1 had been his application for naturalization4 ,he had taken the remaining steps in the process with eager promptness1 and at the earliest moment allowed by the law1 he became a citizen of the ,united ,states4 ,it is true that he had left home in search of bread for his hungry family1 but he went blessing the necessity that drove him to ,america4 ,the boasted freedom of the ,new ,world meant to him far more than the right to reside1 travel1 and work wherever he pleased2 it meant the freedom to speak his thoughts1 to throw off the shackles of superstition1 to test his own fate1 unhindered by political or religious tyranny4 ,he was only a young man when he landed--thirty-two2 and most of his life he had been held in leading-strings4 ,he was hungry for his untasted manhood4 ,three years passed in sordid struggle and disappointment4 ,he was not prepared to make a living even in ,america1 where the day laborer eats wheat instead of rye4 ,apparently the ,american flag could not protect him against the pursuing ,nemesis of his limitations2 he must expiate the sins of his fathers who slept across the seas4 ,he had been endowed at birth with a poor constitution1 a nervous1 restless temperament1 and an abundance of hindering prejudices4 ,in his boyhood his body was starved1 that his mind might be stuffed with useless learning4 ,in his youth this dearly gotten learning was sold1 and the price was the bread and salt which he had not been trained to earn for himself4 ,under the wedding canopy he was bound for life to a girl whose features were still strange to him2 and he was bidden to multiply himself1 that sacred learning might be perpetuated in his sons1 to the glory of the ,god of his fathers4 ,all this while he had been led about as a creature without a will1 a chattel1 an instrument4 ,in his maturity he awoke1 and found himself poor in health1 poor in purse1 poor in useful knowledge1 and hampered on all sides4 ,at the first nod of opportunity he broke away from his prison1 and strove to atone for his wasted youth by a life of useful labor2 while at the same time he sought to lighten the gloom of his narrow scholarship by freely partaking of modern ideas4 ,but his utmost endeavor still left him far from his goal4 ,in business nothing prospered with him4 ,some fault of hand or mind or temperament led him to failure where other men found success4 ,wherever the blame for his disabilities be placed1 he reaped their bitter fruit4 ,give me bread6 he cried to ,america4 ,what will you do to earn it8 the challenge came back4 ,and he found that he was master of no art1 of no trade2 that even his precious learning was of no avail1 because he had only the most antiquated methods of communicating it4 ,so in his primary quest he had failed4 ,there was left him the compensation of intellectual freedom4 ,that he sought to realize in every possible way4 ,he had very little opportunity to prosecute his education1 which1 in truth1 had never been begun4 ,his struggle for a bare living left him no time to take advantage of the public evening school2 but he lost nothing of what was to be learned through reading1 through attendance at public meetings1 through exercising the rights of citizenship4 ,even here he was hindered by a natural inability to acquire the ,english language4 ,in time1 indeed1 he learned to read1 to follow a conversation or lecture2 but he never learned to write correctly1 and his pronunciation remains extremely foreign to this day4 ,if education1 culture1 the higher life were shining things to be worshipped from afar1 he had still a means left whereby he could draw one step nearer to them4 ,he could send his children to school1 to learn all those things that he knew by fame to be desirable4 ,the common school1 at least1 perhaps high school2 for one or two1 perhaps even college6 ,his children should be students1 should fill his house with books and intellectual company2 and thus he would walk by proxy in the ,elysian ,fields of liberal learning4 ,as for the children themselves1 he knew no surer way to their advancement and happiness4 ,so it was with a heart full of longing and hope that my father led us to school on that first day4 ,he took long strides in his eagerness1 the rest of us running and hopping to keep up4 ,at last the four of us stood around the teacher's desk2 and my father1 in his impossible ,english1 gave us over in her charge1 with some broken word of his hopes for us that his swelling heart could no longer contain4 ,i venture to say that ,miss ,nixon was struck by something uncommon in the group we made1 something outside of ,semitic features and the abashed manner of the alien4 ,my little sister was as pretty as a doll1 with her clear pink-and-white face1 short golden curls1 and eyes like blue violets when you caught them looking up4 ,my brother might have been a girl1 too1 with his cherubic contours of face1 rich red color1 glossy black hair1 and fine eyebrows4 ,whatever secret fears were in his heart1 remembering his former teachers1 who had taught with the rod1 he stood up straight and uncringing before the ,american teacher1 his cap respectfully doffed4 ,next to him stood a starved-looking girl with eyes ready to pop out1 and short dark curls that would not have made much of a wig for a ,jewish bride4 ,all three children carried themselves rather better than the common run of green pupils that were brought to ,miss ,nixon4 ,but the figure that challenged attention to the group was the tall1 straight father1 with his earnest face and fine forehead1 nervous hands eloquent in gesture1 and a voice full of feeling4 ,this foreigner1 who brought his children to school as if it were an act of consecration1 who regarded the teacher of the primer class with reverence1 who spoke of visions1 like a man inspired1 in a common schoolroom1 was not like other aliens1 who brought their children in dull obedience to the law2 was not like the native fathers1 who brought their unmanageable boys1 glad to be relieved of their care4 ,i think ,miss ,nixon guessed what my father's best ,english could not convey4 ,i think she divined that by the simple act of delivering our school certificates to her he took possession of ,america4 ,,notes ,the ,promised ,land3--,the land of freedom and peace which the ,jews have hoped to attain4 ,see ,exodus1 #c3h2 #f3h2 ,genesis1 #ab3e-g2 ,deuteronomy1 #h3g-aj2 ,hebrews1 #aa3i4 his three years of probation3--,mary ,antin's father had spent three years in ,america before sending back to ,russia for his family4 ,polotzk3--,pronounced ,po'lotsk2 a town in ,russia on the ,dwina ,river4 seven lean years3--,a reference to the famine in ,egypt predicted by ,joseph1 ,pharaoh's ,hebrew favorite4 ,see ,genesis1 #dj4 ,dvina3--,the ,dna or ,dwina ,river1 in ,russia4 originally destined3--,mr4 ,antin's parents had intended him to be a scholar and teacher4 ,yiddish3--,from the ,german word jdisch1 meaning ,jewish2 a mixed language made up of ,german1 ,hebrew1 and ,russian words4 ,it is generally spoken by ,jews4 ,chelsea3--,a suburb of ,boston4 ,nemesis3--,in ,greek mythology1 a goddess of vengeance or punishment for sins and errors4 the sins of his fathers3--,see ,exodus1 #bj3e2 ,numbers1 #ad3ah2 ,deuteronomy1 #e3i4 ,elysian fields3--,in ,greek thought1 the home of the happy dead4 ,semitic3--,jewish2 from the name of ,shem1 the son of ,noah4 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study ,this selection gives the experience of a ,jewish girl who came from ,polotzk1 ,russia1 to ,boston4 ,read rather slowly1 with the help of these questions3 ,what is meant by centuries of repression8 ,is there no such repression in ,america8 ,how is it true that the ,jew peddler was born thousands of years before the oldest native ,american8 ,what are the educational advantages of a thickly populated neighborhood8 ,what is your idea of the slums8 ,why did the children expect every comfort to be supplied8 ,how much is really free in ,america8 ,is education free8 ,how does one secure an education in ,russia8 ,how are ,american machine-made garments superior to those made by hand in ,russia8 ,was it a good thing to change the children's names8 ,what effect does the sea have upon those who live near it8 ,what effect has a great change of environment on a growing young person8 ,what kind of person was ,mrs4 ,wilner8 ,what does ,mr4 ,antin mean when he says1 ,america is not ,polotzk8 ,are all men equal in ,america8 ,read carefully the description of ,mr4 ,wilner3 ,how does the author make it vivid and lively8 ,why was ,mary ,antin's first day in school so important to her8 ,was it fair that ,frieda should not go to school8 ,should an older child be sacrificed for a younger8 ,should a slow child always give way to a bright one8 ,what do you think of the way in which ,mary accepted the situation when ,frieda had to go to work8 ,read carefully what ,mary says about it4 ,is it easy to make a living in ,america8 ,why did ,mr4 ,antin not succeed in business8 ,what is meant by the compensation of intellectual freedom8 ,what did ,mr4 ,antin gain from his life in ,america8 ,what sort of man was he8 ,in reading the selection1 what idea do you get of the ,russian immigrant8 ,of what ,america means to the poor foreigner8 ,,theme ,,subjects ,the ,foreigners in our ,town ,the ,greenhorn ,the ,immigrant ,family ,the ,peddler ,ellis ,island ,what ,america ,means to the ,foreigner ,the ,statue of ,liberty ,a ,russian ,woman ,the ,new ,girl at ,school ,the ,basement ,store ,a ,large ,family ,learning to ,speak a ,new ,language ,what the ,public ,school can ,do ,a ,russian ,brass ,shop ,the ,factory ,girl ,my ,childish ,sports ,the ,refreshment ,stand ,on the ,sea ,shore ,the ,popcorn ,man ,a ,home in the ,tenements ,earning a ,living ,more about ,mary ,antin#i ,how ,children ,amuse ,themselves ,a ,fragment of ,my ,autobiography ,an ,autobiography that ,i ,have ,read ,,suggestions ,,for ,,writing ,the ,immigrant ,family3--,have you ever seen a family that have just arrived in ,america from a foreign land8 ,tell where you saw them4 ,how many persons were there8 ,what were they doing8 ,describe each person1 noting especially anything odd or picturesque in looks1 dress1 or behavior4 ,were they carrying anything8 ,what expressions did they have on their faces8 ,did they seem pleased with their new surroundings8 ,was anyone trying to help them8 ,could they speak ,english8 ,if possible1 report a few fragments of their conversation4 ,did you have a chance to find out what they thought of ,america8 ,do you know what has become of them1 and how they are getting along8 ,a ,fragment of my ,autobiography3--,did you1 as a child1 move into a strange town1 or make a visit in a place entirely new to you8 ,tell rather briefly why you went and what preparations were made4 ,then give an account of your arrival4 ,what was the first thing that impressed you8 ,what did you do or say8 ,what did the grown people say8 ,was there anything unusual about the food1 or the furniture1 or the dress of the people8 ,go on and relate your experiences1 telling any incidents that you remember4 ,try to make your reader share the bewilderment and excitement you felt4 ,did anyone laugh at you1 or make fun of you1 or hurt your feelings8 ,were you glad or sorry that you had come8 ,finish your story by telling of your departure from the place1 or of your gradually getting used to your new surroundings4 ,try to recall some other experiences of your childhood4 ,write them out quite fully1 giving space to your feelings as well as to the events4 ,,collateral ,,readings ,the ,promised ,land ,mary ,antin ,they ,who ,knock at ,our ,gates ,the ,lie 7,atlantic ,monthly1 ,august1 #aiac7 ,children of the ,tenements ,jacob ,a4 ,riis ,the ,making of an ,american ,on the ,trail of the ,immigrant ,e4,a4 ,steiner ,against the ,current ,the ,immigrant ,tide ,the ,man ,farthest ,down ,booker ,t4 ,washington ,up from ,slavery ,the ,woman who ,toils ,marie and ,mrs4 ,john ,van ,vorst ,the ,long ,day ,anonymous ,old ,homes of ,new ,americans ,f4,e4 ,clark ,autobiography ,s4,s4 ,mc,clure ,autobiography ,theodore ,roosevelt ,a ,buckeye ,boyhood ,w4,h4 ,venable ,a ,tuscan ,childhood ,lisa ,cipriani ,an ,indian ,boyhood ,charles ,eastman ,when ,i ,was ,young ,yoshio ,markino ,when ,i ,was a ,boy in ,japan ,sakae ,shioya ,the ,story of my ,childhood ,clara ,barton ,the ,story of my ,boyhood and ,youth ,john ,muir ,the ,biography of a ,prairie ,girl ,eleanor ,gates ,autobiography of a ,tomboy ,jeanette ,gilder ,the ,one ,i ,knew ,best of ,all ,frances ,hodgson ,burnett ,the ,story of my ,life ,helen ,keller ,the ,story of a ,child ,pierre ,loti ,a ,new ,england ,girlhood ,lucy ,larcom ,autobiography ,joseph ,jefferson ,dream ,days ,kenneth ,grahame ,the ,golden ,age ,the ,would-be-,goods ,e4 ,nesbit ,in the ,morning ,glow ,roy ,rolfe ,gilson ,chapters from a ,life ,elizabeth ,stuart ,phelps-,ward ,mary ,antin3 ,outlook1 #ajb3dhb1 ,november #b1 #aiab2 #ajd3dgc1 ,june #bh1 #aiac 7,portrait74 ,bookman1 #ce3dai-dba1 ,june #aiab4 ,,warble ,,for ,,lilac-,,time ,,walt ,,whitman ,warble me now for joy of lilac-time 7returning in reminiscence71 ,sort me1 ,o tongue and lips for ,nature's sake1 souvenirs of earliest summer1 ,gather the welcome signs 7as children with pebbles or stringing shells71 ,put in ,april and ,may1 the hylas croaking in the ponds1 the elastic air1 ,bees1 butterflies1 the sparrow with its simple notes1 ,blue-bird and darting swallow1 nor forget the high-hole flashing his golden wings1 ,the tranquil sunny haze1 the clinging smoke1 the vapor1 ,shimmer of waters with fish in them1 the cerulean above1 ,all that is jocund and sparkling1 the brooks running1 ,the maple woods1 the crisp ,february days1 and the sugar-making1 ,the robin where he hops1 bright-eyed1 brown-breasted1 ,with musical clear call at sunrise and again at sunset1 ,or flitting among the trees of the apple-orchard1 building the nest of his mate1 ,the melted snow of ,march1 the willow sending forth its yellow-green sprouts1 ,for spring-time is here6 the summer is here6 and what is this in it and from it8 ,thou1 soul1 unloosen'd--the restlessness after ,i know not what2 ,come1 let us lag here no longer1 let us be up and away6 ,o if one could but fly like a bird6 ,o to escape1 to sail forth as in a ship6 ,to glide with thee1 ,o soul1 o'er all1 in all1 as a ship o'er the waters2 ,gathering these hints1 the preludes1 the blue sky1 the grass1 the morning drops of dew1 ,the lilac-scent1 the bushes with dark-green heart-shaped leaves1 ,wood-violets1 the little delicate pale blossoms called innocence1 ,samples and sorts not for themselves alone1 but for their atmosphere1 ,to grace the bush ,i love--to sing with the birds1 ,a warble for joy of lilac-time1 returning in reminiscence4 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study ,what is the meaning of sort me8 ,why jumble all these signs of summer together8 ,does one naturally think in an orderly way when recalling the details of spring or summer8 ,can you think of any important points that the author has left out8 ,is samples a poetic word8 ,what is meant by the line not for themselves alone1 etc48 ,note the sound-words in the poem3 ,what is their value here8 ,read the lines slowly to yourself1 or have some one read them aloud1 and see how many of them suggest little pictures4 ,note the punctuation3 ,do you approve8 ,is this your idea of poetry8 ,what is poetry8 ,would this be better if it were in the full form of verse8 ,can you see why the critics have disagreed over ,whitman's poetry8 ,,when ,i ,,heard ,,the ,,learn',d ,,astronomer ,,walt ,,whitman ,when ,i heard the learn'd astronomer1 ,when the proofs1 the figures1 were ranged in columns before me1 ,when ,i was shown the charts and diagrams1 to add1 divide and measure them1 ,when ,i sitting heard the astronomer where he lectured with much applause in the lecture-room1 ,how soon unaccountable ,i became tired and sick1 ,till rising and gliding out ,i wander'd off by myself1 ,in the mystical moist night-air1 and from time to time1 ,look'd up in perfect silence at the stars4 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study ,why did the listener become tired of the lecturer who spoke with much applause8 ,what did he learn from the stars when he was alone out of doors8 ,does he not think the study of astronomy worth while8 ,what would be his feeling toward other scientific studies8 ,what do you get out of this poem8 ,what do you think of the way in which it is written8 ,,vigil ,,strange ,i ,,kept ,,on ,,the ,,field ,,one ,,night ,,walt ,,whitman ,vigil strange ,i kept on the field one night2 ,when you my son and my comrade dropt at my side that day1 ,one look ,i but gave which your dear eyes return'd with a look ,i shall never forget1 ,one touch of your hand to mine1 ,o boy1 reach'd up as you lay on the ground1 ,then onward ,i sped in the battle1 the even-contested battle1 ,till late in the night reliev'd to the place at last again ,i made my way1 ,found you in death so cold dear comrade1 found your body1 son of responding kisses 7never again on earth responding71 ,bared your face in the starlight1 curious the scene1 cool blew the moderate night-wind1 ,long there and then in vigil ,i stood1 dimly around me the battle-field spreading1 ,vigil wondrous and vigil sweet there in the fragrant silent night1 ,but not a tear fell1 not even a long-drawn sigh1 long1 long ,i gazed1 ,then on the earth partially reclining sat by your side leaning my chin in my hands1 ,passing sweet hours1 immortal and mystic hours with you dearest comrade--not a tear1 not a word1 ,vigil of silence1 love and death1 vigil for you my son and my soldier1 ,as onward silently stars aloft1 eastward new ones upward stole1 ,vigil final for you brave boy1 7,i could not save you1 swift was your death1 ,i faithfully loved you and cared for you living1 ,i think we shall surely meet again17 ,till at latest lingering of the night1 indeed just as the dawn appear'd1 ,my comrade ,i wrapt in his blanket1 envelop'd well his form1 ,folded the blanket well1 tucked it carefully over head and carefully under feet1 ,and there and then and bathed by the rising sun1 my son in his grave1 in his rude-dug grave ,i deposited1 ,ending my strange vigil with that1 vigil of night and battlefield dim1 ,vigil for boy of responding kisses 7never again on earth responding71 ,vigil for comrade swiftly slain1 vigil ,i never forget1 how as day brighten'd1 ,i rose from the chill ground and folded my soldier well in his blanket1 ,and buried him where he fell4 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study ,what is a vigil8 ,was ,whitman ever in battle8 ,does he mean himself speaking8 ,was the boy really his son8 ,is the man's calmness a sign that he does not care8 ,why does he call the vigil wondrous and sweet8 ,what does he think about the next life8 ,read the poem over slowly and thoughtfully to yourself1 or aloud to some one3 ,how does it make you feel8 ,can you see any reason for calling ,whitman a great poet8 ,has he broadened your idea of what poetry may be8 ,read1 if possible1 in ,john ,burroughs's book on ,whitman1 pages #dh-ec4 ,,exercises ,re-read the ,warble for ,lilac-,time4 ,can you write of the signs of fall1 in somewhat the same way8 ,choose the most beautiful and the most important characteristics that you can think of4 ,try to use color-words and sound-words so that they make your composition vivid and musical4 ,compare the ,warble for ,lilac-,time with the first lines of ,chaucer's ,prologue to the ,canterbury ,tales4 ,with ,lowell's ,how ,spring ,came in ,new ,england4 ,,theme ,,subjects ,a ,walk in the ,woods ,a ,spring ,day ,sugar-,making ,my ,flower ,garden ,the ,garden in ,lilac ,time ,the ,orchard in ,spring ,on a ,farm in ,early ,summer ,a ,walk on a ,summer ,night ,waiting for ,morning ,the ,stars ,walt ,whitman and his ,poetry ,,collateral ,,readings ,poems by ,whitman suitable for class reading3-- ,on the ,beach at ,night ,bivouac on a ,mountain ,side ,to a ,locomotive in ,winter ,a ,farm ,picture ,the ,runner ,i ,hear ,it was ,charged against ,me ,a ,sight in ,camp ,by the ,bivouac's ,fitful ,flame ,song of the ,broad-,axe ,a ,child said ,what is the grass8 7from ,a ,song of ,myself7 ,the ,rolling ,earth 7,selections from ,whitman7 ,w4,r4 ,browne 7,ed47 ,the ,life of ,walt ,whitman ,h4,b4 ,binns ,walt ,whitman ,john ,burroughs ,a ,visit to ,walt ,whitman 7,portraits7 ,john ,johnston ,walt ,whitman the ,man 7,portraits7 ,thomas ,donaldson ,walt ,whitman ,g4,r4 ,carpenter ,walt ,whitman 7,portraits7 ,i4,h4 ,platt ,whitman ,bliss ,perry ,early ,may in ,new ,england 7poem7 ,percy ,mackaye ,knee-deep in ,june ,j4,w4 ,riley ,spring ,henry ,timrod ,spring ,song ,bliss ,carman ,,odysseus ,,in ,,phaeacia ,,translated ,,by ,,george ,,herbert ,,palmer ,thus long-tried royal ,odysseus slumbered here1 heavy with sleep and toil2 but ,athene went to the land and town of the ,phaeacians4 ,this people once in ancient times lived in the open highlands1 near that rude folk the ,cyclops1 who often plundered them1 being in strength more powerful than they4 ,moving them thence1 godlike ,nausithos1 their leader1 established them at ,scheria1 far from toiling men4 ,he ran a wall around the town1 built houses there1 made temples for the gods1 and laid out farms2 but ,nausithos had met his doom and gone to the house of ,hades1 and ,alcinos now was reigning1 trained in wisdom by the gods4 ,to this man's dwelling came the goddess1 clear-eyed ,athene1 planning a safe return for brave ,odysseus4 ,she hastened to a chamber1 richly wrought1 in which a maid was sleeping1 of form and beauty like the immortals1 ,nausica1 daughter of generous ,alcinos4 ,near by two damsels1 dowered with beauty by the ,graces1 slept by the threshold1 one on either hand4 ,the shining doors were shut2 but ,athene1 like a breath of air1 moved to the maid's couch1 stood by her head1 and thus addressed her1--taking the likeness of the daughter of ,dymas1 the famous seaman1 a maiden just ,nausica's age1 dear to her heart4 ,taking her guise1 thus spoke clear-eyed ,athene3-- ,nausica1 how did your mother bear a child so heedless8 ,your gay clothes lie uncared for1 though the wedding time is near1 when you must wear fine clothes yourself and furnish them to those that may attend you4 ,from things like these a good repute arises1 and father and honored mother are made glad4 ,then let us go a-washing at the dawn of day1 and ,i will go to help1 that you may soon be ready2 for really not much longer will you be a maid4 ,already you have for suitors the chief ones of the land throughout ,phaeacia1 where you too were born4 ,come1 then1 beg your good father early in the morning to harness the mules and cart1 so as to carry the men's clothes1 gowns1 and bright-hued rugs4 ,yes1 and for you yourself it is more decent so than setting forth on foot2 the pools are far from the town4 ,saying this1 clear-eyed ,athene passed away1 off to ,olympus1 where they say the dwelling of the gods stands fast forever4 ,never with winds is it disturbed1 nor by the rain made wet1 nor does the snow come near2 but everywhere the upper air spreads cloudless1 and a bright radiance plays over all2 and there the blessed gods are happy all their days4 ,thither now came the clear-eyed one1 when she had spoken with the maid4 ,soon bright-throned morning came1 and waked fair-robed ,nausica4 ,she marveled at the dream1 and hastened through the house to tell it to her parents1 her dear father and her mother4 ,she found them still in-doors3 her mother sat by the hearth among the waiting-women1 spinning sea-purple yarn2 she met her father at the door1 just going forth to join the famous princes at the council1 to which the high ,phaeacians summoned him4 ,so standing close beside him1 she said to her dear father3-- ,papa dear1 could you not have the wagon harnessed for me1--the high one1 with good wheels1--to take my nice clothes to the river to be washed1 which now are lying dirty8 ,surely for you yourself it is but proper1 when you are with the first men holding councils1 that you should wear clean clothing4 ,five good sons too are here at home1--two married1 and three merry young men still1--and they are always wanting to go to the dance wearing fresh clothes4 ,and this is all a trouble on my mind4 ,such were her words1 for she was shy of naming the glad marriage to her father2 but he understood it all1 and answered thus3 ,i do not grudge the mules1 my child1 nor anything beside4 ,go6 ,quickly shall the servants harness the wagon for you1 the high one1 with good wheels1 fitted with rack above4 ,saying this1 he called to the servants1 who gave heed4 ,out in the court they made the easy mule-cart ready2 they brought the mules and yoked them to the wagon4 ,the maid took from her room her pretty clothing1 and stowed it in the polished wagon2 her mother put in a chest food the maid liked1 of every kind1 put dainties in1 and poured some wine into a goat-skin bottle1--the maid1 meanwhile1 had got into the wagon1--and gave her in a golden flask some liquid oil1 that she might bathe and anoint herself1 she and the waiting-women4 ,nausica took the whip and the bright reins1 and cracked the whip to start4 ,there was a clatter of the mules1 and steadily they pulled1 drawing the clothing and the maid1--yet not alone2 beside her went the waiting-women too4 ,when now they came to the fair river's current1 where the pools were always full1--for in abundance clear water bubbles from beneath to cleanse the foulest stains1--they turned the mules loose from the wagon1 and let them stray along the eddying stream1 to crop the honeyed pasturage4 ,then from the wagon they took the clothing in their arms1 carried it into the dark water1 and stamped it in the pits with rivalry in speed4 ,and after they had washed and cleansed it of all stains1 they spread it carefully along the shore1 just where the waves washed up the pebbles on the beach4 ,then bathing and anointing with the oil1 they presently took dinner on the river bank and waited for the clothes to dry in the sunshine4 ,and when they were refreshed with food1 the maids and she1 they then began to play at ball1 throwing their wimples off4 ,white-armed ,nausica led their sport2 and as the huntress ,artemis goes down a mountain1 down long ,tagetus or ,erymanthus1 exulting in the boars and the swift deer1 while round her sport the woodland nymphs1 daughters of gis-bearing ,zeus1 and glad is ,leto's heart1 for all the rest her child o'ertops by head and brow1 and easily marked is she1 though all are fair2 so did this virgin pure excel her women4 ,but when ,nausica thought to turn toward home once more1 to yoke the mules and fold up the clean clothes1 then a new plan the goddess formed1 clear-eyed ,athene2 for she would have ,odysseus wake and see the bright-eyed maid1 who might to the ,phaeacian city show the way4 ,just then the princess tossed the ball to one of her women1 and missing her it fell in the deep eddy4 ,thereat they screamed aloud4 ,royal ,odysseus woke1 and sitting up debated in his mind and heart3-- ,alas6 ,to what men's land am ,i come now8 ,lawless and savage are they1 with no regard for right1 or are they kind to strangers and reverent toward the gods8 ,it was as if there came to me the delicate voice of maids--nymphs1 it may be1 who haunt the craggy peaks of hills1 the springs of streams and grassy marshes2 or am ,i now1 perhaps1 near men of human speech8 ,suppose ,i make a trial for myself1 and see4 ,so saying1 royal ,odysseus crept from the thicket1 but with his strong hand broke a spray of leaves from the close wood1 to be a covering round his body for his nakedness4 ,he set off like a lion that is bred among the hills and trusts its strength2 onward it goes1 beaten with rain and wind2 its two eyes glare2 and now in search of oxen or of sheep it moves1 or tracking the wild deer2 its belly bids it make trial of the flocks1 even by entering the guarded folds2 so was ,odysseus about to meet those fair-haired maids1 for need constrained him4 ,to them he seemed a loathsome sight1 befouled with brine4 ,they hurried off1 one here1 one there1 over the stretching sands4 ,only the daughter of ,alcinos stayed1 for in her breast ,athene had put courage and from her limbs took fear4 ,steadfast she stood to meet him4 ,and now ,odysseus doubted whether to make his suit by clasping the knees of the bright-eyed maid1 or where he stood1 aloof1 in winning words to make that suit1 and try if she would show the town and give him clothing4 ,reflecting thus1 it seemed the better way to make his suit in winning words1 aloof2 for fear if he should clasp her knees1 the maid might be offended4 ,forthwith he spoke1 a winning and shrewd speech3-- ,i am your suppliant1 princess4 ,are you some god or mortal8 ,if one of the gods who hold the open sky1 to ,artemis1 daughter of mighty ,zeus1 in beauty1 height1 and bearing ,i find you likest4 ,but if you are a mortal1 living on the earth1 most happy are your father and your honored mother1 most happy your brothers also4 ,surely their hearts ever grow warm with pleasure over you1 when watching such a blossom moving in the dance4 ,and then exceeding happy he1 beyond all others1 who shall with gifts prevail and lead you home4 ,for ,i never before saw such a being with these eyes--no man1 no woman4 ,i am amazed to see4 ,at ,delos once1 by ,apollo's altar1 something like you ,i noticed1 a young palm shoot springing up2 for thither too ,i came1 and a great troop was with me1 upon a journey where ,i was to meet with bitter trials4 ,and just as when ,i looked on that ,i marveled long within1 since never before sprang such a stalk from earth2 so1 lady1 ,i admire and marvel now at you1 and greatly fear to touch your knees4 ,yet grievous woe is on me4 ,yesterday1 after twenty days1 ,i escaped from the wine-dark sea1 and all that time the waves and boisterous winds bore me away from the island of ,ogygia4 ,now some god cast me here1 that probably here also ,i may meet with trouble2 for ,i do not think trouble will cease1 but much the gods will first accomplish4 ,then1 princess1 have compassion1 for it is you to whom through many grievous toils ,i first am come2 none else ,i know of all who own this city and this land4 ,show me the town1 and give me a rag to throw around me1 if you had perhaps on coming here some wrapper for your linen4 ,and may the gods grant all that in your thoughts you long for3 husband and home and true accord may they bestow2 for a better and higher gift than this there cannot be1 when with accordant aims man and wife have a home4 ,great grief it is to foes and joy to friends2 but they themselves best know its meaning4 ,then answered him white-armed ,nausica3 ,stranger1 because you do not seem a common1 senseless person1--and ,olympian ,zeus himself distributes fortune to mankind and gives to high and low even as he wills to each2 and this he gave to you1 and you must bear it therefore1--now you have reached our city and our land1 you shall not lack for clothes nor anything besides which it is fit a hard-pressed suppliant should find4 ,i will point out the town and tell its people's name4 ,the ,phaeacians own this city and this land1 and ,i am the daughter of generous ,alcinos1 on whom the might and power of the ,phaeacians rests4 ,she spoke1 and called her fair-haired waiting-women3 ,my women1 stay6 ,why do you run because you saw a man8 ,you surely do not think him evil-minded1 ,the man is not alive1 and never will be born1 who can come and offer harm to the ,phaeacian land3 for we are very dear to the immortals2 and then we live apart1 far on the surging sea1 no other tribe of men has dealings with us4 ,but this poor man has come here having lost his way1 and we should give him aid2 for in the charge of ,zeus all strangers and beggars stand1 and a small gift is welcome4 ,then give1 my women1 to the stranger food and drink1 and let him bathe in the river where there is shelter from the breeze4 ,she spoke2 the others stopped and called to one another1 and down they brought ,odysseus to the place of shelter1 even as ,nausica1 daughter of generous ,alcinos1 had ordered4 ,they placed a robe and tunic there for clothing1 they gave him in the golden flask the liquid oil1 and bade him bathe in the stream's currents4 99 99 99 99 99 ,the women went away4444 ,and now1 with water from the stream1 royal ,odysseus washed his skin clean of the salt which clung about his back and his broad shoulders1 and wiped from his head the foam brought by the barren sea2 and when he had thoroughly bathed and oiled himself and had put on the clothing which the chaste maiden gave1 ,athene1 the daughter of ,zeus1 made him taller than before and stouter to behold1 and she made the curling locks to fall around his head as on the hyacinth flower4 ,as when a man lays gold on silver1--some skillful man whom ,hephaestus and ,pallas ,athene have trained in every art1 and he fashions graceful work2 so did she cast a grace upon his head and shoulders4 ,he walked apart along the shore1 and there sat down1 beaming with grace and beauty4 ,the maid observed2 then to her fair-haired waiting-women said3-- ,hearken1 my white-armed women1 while ,i speak4 ,not without purpose on the part of all the gods that hold ,olympus is this man's meeting with the godlike ,phaeacians4 ,a while ago1 he really seemed to me ill-looking1 but now he is like the gods who hold the open sky4 ,ah1 might a man like this be called my husband1 having his home here1 and content to stay6 ,but give1 my women1 to the stranger food and drink4 ,she spoke1 and very willingly they heeded and obeyed1 and set beside ,odysseus food and drink4 ,then long-tried ,odysseus eagerly drank and ate1 for he had long been fasting4 ,and now to other matters white-armed ,nausica turned her thoughts4 ,she folded the clothes and laid them in the beautiful wagon1 she yoked the stout-hoofed mules1 mounted herself1 and calling to ,odysseus thus she spoke and said3-- ,arise now1 stranger1 and hasten to the town1 that ,i may set you on the road to my wise father's house1 where you shall see1 ,i promise you1 the best of all ,phaeacia4 ,only do this1--you seem to me not to lack understanding3 while we are passing through the fields and farms1 here with my women1 behind the mules and cart1 walk rapidly along1 and ,i will lead the way4 ,but as we near the town1--round which is a lofty rampart1 a beautiful harbor on each side and a narrow road between1--there curved ships line the way2 for every man has his own mooring-place4 ,beyond is the assembly near the beautiful grounds of ,poseidon1 constructed out of blocks of stone deeply imbedded4 ,further along1 they make the black ships' tackling1 cables and canvas1 and shape out the oars2 for the ,phaeacians do not care for bow and quiver1 only for masts and oars of ships and the trim ships themselves1 with which it is their joy to cross the foaming sea4 ,now the rude talk of such as these ,i would avoid1 that no one afterwards may give me blame4 ,for very forward persons are about the place1 and some coarse man might say1 if he should meet us3 ',what tall and handsome stranger is following ,nausica8 ,where did she find him8 ,a husband he will be1 her very own4 ,some castaway1 perhaps1 she rescued from his vessel1 some foreigner2 for we have no neighbors here4 ,or at her prayer some long-entreated god has come straight down from heaven1 and he will keep her his forever4 ,so much the better1 if she has gone herself and found a husband elsewhere6 ,the people of our own land here1 ,phaeacians1 she disdains1 though she has many high-born suitors4' ,so they will talk1 and for me it would prove a scandal4 ,i should myself censure a girl who acted so1 who1 heedless of friends1 while father and mother were alive1 mingled with men before her public wedding4 ,and1 stranger1 listen now to what ,i say1 that you may soon obtain assistance and safe conduct from my father4 ,near our road you will see a stately grove of poplar trees1 belonging to ,athene2 in it a fountain flows1 and round it is a meadow4 ,that is my father's park1 his fruitful vineyard1 as far from the town as one can call4 ,there sit and wait a while1 until we come to the town and reach my father's palace4 ,but when you think we have already reached the palace1 enter the city of the ,phaeacians1 and ask for the palace of my father1 generous ,alcinos4 ,easily is it known2 a child1 though young1 could show the way2 for the ,phaeacians do not build their houses like the dwelling of ,alcinos their prince4 ,but when his house and court receive you1 pass quickly through the hall until you find my mother4 ,she sits in the firelight by the hearth1 spinning sea-purple yarn1 a marvel to behold1 and resting against a pillar4 ,her handmaids sit behind her4 ,here too my father's seat rests on the self-same pillar1 and here he sits and sips his wine like an immortal4 ,passing him by1 stretch out your hands to our mother's knees1 if you would see the day of your return in gladness and with speed1 although you come from far4 ,if she regards you kindly in her heart1 then there is hope that you may see your friends and reach your stately house and native land4 ,saying this1 with her bright whip she struck the mules1 and fast they left the river's streams2 and well they trotted1 well they plied their feet1 and skillfully she reined them that those on foot might follow1--the waiting-women and ,odysseus1--and moderately she used the lash4 ,the sun was setting when they reached the famous grove1 ,athene's sacred ground where royal ,odysseus sat him down4 ,and thereupon he prayed to the daughter of mighty ,zeus3-- ,hearken1 thou child of gis-bearing ,zeus1 unwearied one6 ,o hear me now1 although before thou didst not hear me1 when ,i was wrecked1 what time the great ,land-shaker wrecked me4 ,grant that ,i come among the ,phaeacians welcomed and pitied by them4 ,so spoke he in his prayer1 and ,pallas ,athene heard1 but did not yet appear to him in open presence2 for she regarded still her father's brother1 who stoutly strove with godlike ,odysseus until he reached his land4 ,here1 then1 long-tried royal ,odysseus made his prayer2 but to the town the strong mules bore the maid4 ,and when she reached her father's famous palace1 she stopped before the door-way1 and round her stood her brothers1 men like immortals1 who from the cart unyoked the mules and carried the clothing in4 ,the maid went to her chamber1 where a fire was kindled for her by an old ,apeirean woman1 the chamber-servant ,eurymedousa1 whom long ago curved ships brought from ,apeira2 her they had chosen from the rest to be the gift of honor for ,alcinos1 because he was the lord of all ,phaeacians1 and people listened to his voice as if he were a god4 ,she was the nurse of white-armed ,nausica at the palace1 and she it was who kindled her the fire and in her room prepared her supper4 ,and now ,odysseus rose to go to the city2 but ,athene kindly drew thick clouds around ,odysseus1 for fear some bold ,phaeacian meeting him might trouble him with talk and ask him who he was4 ,and just as he was entering the pleasant town1 the goddess1 clear-eyed ,athene1 came to meet him1 disguised as a young girl who bore a water-jar4 ,she paused as she drew near1 and royal ,odysseus asked3-- ,my child1 could you not guide me to the house of one ,alcinos1 who is ruler of this people8 ,for ,i am a toil-worn stranger come from far1 out of a distant land4 ,therefore ,i know not one among the men who own this city and this land4 ,then said to him the goddess1 clear-eyed ,athene3 ,yes1 good old stranger1 ,i will show the house for which you ask1 for it stands near my gentle father's4 ,but follow in silence3 ,i will lead the way4 ,cast not a glance at any man and ask no questions1 for our people do not well endure a stranger1 nor courteously receive a man who comes from elsewhere4 ,yet they themselves trust in swift ships and traverse the great deep1 for the ,earth-shaker permits them4 ,swift are their ships as wing or thought4 ,saying this1 ,pallas ,athene led the way in haste1 and he walked after in the footsteps of the goddess4 ,so the ,phaeacians1 famed for shipping1 did not observe him walking through the town among them1 because ,athene1 the fair-haired powerful goddess1 did not allow it1 but in the kindness of her heart drew a marvelous mist around him4 ,and now ,odysseus admired the harbors1 the trim ships1 the meeting-places of the lords themselves1 and the long walls that were so high1 fitted with palisades1 a marvel to behold4 ,then as they neared the famous palace of the king1 the goddess1 clear-eyed ,athene1 thus began3-- ,here1 good old stranger1 is the house you bade me show4 ,you will see heaven-descended kings sitting at table here4 ,but enter1 and have no misgivings in your heart2 for the courageous man in all affairs better attains his end1 come he from where he may4 ,first you shall find the ,queen within the hall4 ,arete is her name4444 ,alcinos took ,arete for his wife1 and he has honored her as no one else on earth is honored among the women who to-day keep houses for their husbands4 ,thus has she had a heartfelt honor1 and she has it still1 from her own children1 from ,alcinos himself1 and from the people also1 who gaze on her as on a god and greet her with welcomes when she walks about the town4 ,for of sound judgment1 woman as she is1 she has no lack2 and those whom she regards1 though men1 find troubles clear away4 ,if she regards you kindly in her heart1 then there is hope that you may see your friends and reach your high-roofed house and native land4 ,saying this1 clear-eyed ,athene passed away1 over the barren sea4 ,she turned from pleasant ,scheria1 and came to ,marathon and wide-wayed ,athens and entered there the strong house of ,erechtheus4 ,meanwhile ,odysseus neared the lordly palace of ,alcinos1 and his heart was deeply stirred so that he paused before he crossed the brazen threshold2 for a sheen as of the sun or moon played through the high-roofed house of generous ,alcinos4 ,on either hand ran walls of bronze from threshold to recess1 and round about the ceiling was a cornice of dark metal4 ,doors made of gold closed in the solid building4 ,the door-posts were of silver and stood on a bronze threshold1 silver the lintel overhead1 and gold the handle4 ,on the two sides were gold and silver dogs2 these had ,hephaestus wrought with subtle craft to guard the house of generous ,alcinos1 creatures immortal1 young forever4 ,within were seats planted against the wall on this side and on that1 from threshold to recess1 in long array2 and over these were strewn light fine-spun robes1 the work of women4 ,here the ,phaeacian leaders used to sit1 drinking and eating1 holding constant cheer4 ,and golden youths on massive pedestals stood and held flaming torches in their hands to light by night the palace for the feasters4 ,in the ,king's house are fifty serving maids1 some grinding at the mill the yellow corn1 some plying looms or twisting yarn1 who as they sit are like the leaves of a tall poplar2 and from the close-spun linen drops the liquid oil4 ,and as ,phaeacian men are skilled beyond all others in speeding a swift ship along the sea1 so are their women practiced at the loom2 for ,athene has given them in large measure skill in fair works and noble minds4 ,without the court and close beside its gate is a large garden1 covering four acres2 around it runs a hedge on either side4 ,here grow tall thrifty trees--pears1 pomegranates1 apples with shining fruit1 sweet figs and thrifty olives4 ,on them fruit never fails2 it is not gone in winter or in summer1 but lasts throughout the year2 for constantly the west wind's breath brings some to bud and mellows others4 ,pear ripens upon pear1 apple on apple1 cluster on cluster1 fig on fig4 ,here too the teeming vineyard has been planted1 one part of which1 the drying place1 lying on level ground1 is heating in the sun2 elsewhere men gather grapes2 and elsewhere still they tread them4 ,in front1 the grapes are green and shed their flower1 but a second row are now just turning dark4 ,and here trim garden-beds1 along the outer line1 spring up in every kind and all the year are gay4 ,near by1 two fountains rise1 one scattering its streams throughout the garden1 one bounding by another course beneath the courtyard gate toward the high house2 from this the towns-folk draw their water4 ,such at the palace of ,alcinos were the gods' splendid gifts4 ,here long-tried royal ,odysseus stood and gazed4 ,then after he had gazed his heart's fill on all1 he quickly crossed the threshold and came within the house4 ,,notes ,phaeacia3--,the land of the ,phaeacians1 on the ,island of ,scheria1 or ,corcyra1 the modern ,corfu4 ,athene3--,minerva1 the goddess of wisdom1 skill1 and science4 ,she was interested in war1 and protected warlike heroes4 ,cyclops3--,one of a race of uncouth giants1 each of whom had but a single eye1 which was in the middle of the forehead4 ,nausithos3--,the king of the ,phaeacians at the time they entered ,scheria4 ,hades3--,the realm of souls2 not necessarily a place of punishment4 ,artemis3--,another name for ,diana1 goddess of the moon4 ,tagetus and ,erymanthus3--,mountains in ,greece4 ,leto3--,the mother of ,artemis4 ,delos3--,an island in the ,aegean ,sea4 ,ogygia3--,the island of the goddess ,calypso1 who held ,odysseus captive for seven years4 ,hephaestus3--,another name for ,vulcan1 the god of the under-world4 ,he was a skilled worker in metal4 ,poseidon3--,neptune1 god of the ocean4 ,land-shaker3--,neptune4 ,marathon3--,a plain eighteen miles from ,athens4 ,it was here that the ,greeks defeated the ,persians in #dij ,b4,c4 ,erectheus3--,the mythical founder of ,attica2 he was half man and half serpent4 ,,the ,,pronunciation ,,of ,,proper ,,names ,,in ,,this ,,selection ,al cin' o us 77al sn' o 7u s7 ,ap ei' ra 74ap i' ra7 ,ap ei re' an 77ap i re' 7an7 ,a re' te 74a re' te7 ,ar' te mis 7r' te m7is7 ,a the' ne 74a the' ne7 ,ca lyp' so 7ka l7ip' so7 ,cir' ce 7sr' se7 ,cy' clops 7si' cl7ops7 ,de' los 7de' l7os7 ,dy' mas 7di' m4as7 ,e rech' theus 7e r7ek' thus7 ,e ry man' thus 77er 7i m7an' thus7 ,eu rym e dou' sa 7u r7im e doo' s4a7 ,he phaes' tus 7he f7es' t7us7 ,le' to 7le' to7 ,mar' a thon 7m7ar' 4a th7on7 ,nau sic' a 7n s7ik' a 4a7 ,nau sith' o us 7n s7ith' o 7us7 ,o dys' seus 7o d7is' us7 ,o gyg' i a 7o j7ij' 4a7 ,phae a' cia 7fe a' sh4a7 ,po sei' don 7po si' d7on7 ,scher' i a 7ske' r7i 4a7 ,ta g' e tus 7ta 7ij' e t7us7 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study ,odysseus 7,ulysses7 has been cast ashore after a long battle with the sea1 following his attempt to escape on a raft from ,calypso's island4 ,he has been saved by the intervention of the goddess ,athene1 who often protects distressed heroes4 ,when ,book ,,vi opens1 he is sleeping in a secluded nook under an olive tree4 7,for ,odysseus's adventures on the sea1 consult ,book ,v of the ,odyssey47 ,is ,athene's visit to ,nausica an unusual sort of thing in ,greek story8 ,does it appear that it was customary for princesses to do their own washing8 ,note here that ,i refers to the daughter of ,dymas1 since ,athene is not speaking in her own character4 ,from ,nausica's conversation with her father and her preparations for departure1 what can you judge of ,greek family life8 ,how does the author make us see vividly the activities of ,nausica and her maids8 ,does the out-door scene appear true to life8 ,this virgin pure refers to ,nausica1 who is being compared to ,artemis 7,diana71 the goddess of the hunt4 ,what plan has ,athene for assisting ,odysseus8 ,from the hero's speech1 what can you tell of his character8 ,can you find out what adjectives are usually applied to ,odysseus in the ,iliad and the ,odyssey8 ,why does he here call ,nausica ,princess8 ,what effect is his speech likely to have8 ,what can you tell of ,nausica from her reply8 ,give her reasons for not taking ,odysseus with her to the town4 ,does she fail in hospitality8 ,what do her reasons show of the life of ,greek women8 ,what do you judge of the prosperity of the ,phaeacians8 ,why does ,nausica tell ,odysseus to seek the favor of her mother8 ,her father's brother means ,neptune 7the ,sea7--brother of ,zeus1 ,athene's father2 ,neptune is enraged at ,odysseus and wishes to destroy him4 ,here then3 ,at this point ,book ,,vii begins4 ,from what is said of ,arete1 what can you tell of the influence of the ,greek women8 ,how does the author make you feel the richness of ,alcinos's palace8 ,how does it differ from modern houses8 ,corn means grain1 not ,indian corn1 which1 of course1 had not yet been brought from the ,new ,world4 ,note the vivid description of the garden4 ,how do you think ,odysseus is received at the house of ,alcinos8 ,you can find out by reading the rest of ,book ,,vii of the ,odyssey4 ,,theme ,,subjects ,one of ,ulysses's ,adventures ,an ,escape from the ,sea ,a ,picnic on the ,shore ,the ,character of ,nausica ,my ,idea of a ,princess ,the ,life of a ,greek ,woman ,a ,group of ,girls ,the ,character of ,odysseus ,shipwrecked ,a ,beautiful ,building ,along the ,shore ,among ,strangers ,a ,garden ,a ,story from the ,odyssey ,odysseus at the ,house of ,alcinos ,the ,lady of the ,house ,the ,greek ,warrior ,the ,stranger ,why ,i ,wish to ,study ,greek ,,suggestions ,,for ,,writing ,a ,story from the ,odyssey3--,read1 in a translation of the ,odyssey1 a story of ,odysseus1 and tell it in your own words4 ,the following stories are appropriate3 ,the ,departure from ,calypso's ,island1 ,book ,v2 ,the ,cyclops ,polyphemus1 ,book ,,ix2 ,the ,palace of ,circe1 ,book ,x2 ,the ,land of the ,dead1 ,book ,,xi2 ,scylla and ,charybdis1 ,book ,,xii2 ,the ,swineherd1 ,book ,,xiv2 ,the ,trial of the ,bow1 ,book ,,xxi2 ,the ,slaughter of the ,suitors1 ,book ,,xxii4 ,after you have chosen a story1 read it through several times1 to fix the details in your mind4 ,lay the book aside1 and write the story simply1 but as vividly as possible4 ,the ,stranger3--,explain the circumstances under which the stranger appears4 ,are people startled at seeing him 7or her78 ,describe him4 ,is he bewildered8 ,does he ask directions8 ,does he ask help8 ,quote his words directly4 ,how are his remarks received8 ,are people afraid of him8 or do they make sport of him8 or do they receive him kindly8 ,who aids him8 ,tell what he does and what becomes of him4 ,quote what is said of him after he is gone4 ,perhaps you will like to tell the story of ,ulysses's arrival among the ,phaeacians1 giving it a modern setting1 and using modern names4 ,odysseus at the ,house of ,alcinos3--,without reading ,book ,,vii of the ,odyssey1 write what you imagine to be the conversation between ,alcinos 7or ,arete7 and ,odysseus1 when the shipwrecked hero enters the palace4 ,,collateral ,,readings ,the ,odyssey ,george ,herbert ,palmer 7,trans47 ,the ,odyssey of ,homer 7prose translation7 ,butcher and ,lang ,the ,iliad of ,homer ,lang1 ,leaf1 and ,myers ,the ,odyssey 7translation in verse7 ,william ,cullen ,bryant ,the ,odyssey for ,boys and ,girls ,a4,j4 ,church ,the ,story of the ,odyssey ,greek ,song and ,story ,the ,adventures of ,odysseus ,marvin1 ,mayor1 and ,stawell ,tanglewood ,tales ,nathaniel ,hawthorne ,home ,life of the ,ancient ,greeks ,h4 ,blmner 7trans1 by ,a4 ,zimmerman ,classic ,myths 7chapter #bg7 ,c4,m4 ,gayley ,the ,age of ,fable 7chapters #bb and #bc7 ,thomas ,bulfinch ,the ,story of the ,greek ,people ,eva ,march ,tappan ,greece and the ,aegean ,isles ,philip ,s4 ,marden ,greek ,lands and ,letters ,f4,g4 and ,a4,c4,e4 ,allinson ,old ,greek ,folk ,stories ,j4,p4 ,peabody ,men of ,old ,greece ,jennie ,hall ,the ,lotos-eaters ,alfred ,tennyson ,ulysses ,the ,strayed ,reveller ,matthew ,arnold ,a ,song of ,phaeacia ,andrew ,lang ,the ,voyagers 7in ,the ,fields of ,dawn7 ,lloyd ,mifflin ,alice ,freeman ,palmer ,george ,herbert ,palmer ,see the references for ,moly on p4 #hd1 and for ,odysseus on p4 #adj4 ,,odysseus ,,george ,,cabot ,,lodge ,he strove with ,gods and men in equal mood ,of great endurance3 ,not alone his hands ,wrought in wild seas and labored in strange lands1 ,and not alone his patient strength withstood ,the clashing cliffs and ,circe's perilous sands3 ,eager of some imperishable good ,he drave new pathways thro' the trackless flood ,foreguarded1 fearless1 free from ,fate's commands4 ,how shall our faith discern the truth he sought8 ,we too must watch and wander till our eyes1 ,turned skyward from the topmost tower of thought1 ,haply shall find the star that marked his goal1 ,the watch-fire of transcendent liberties ,lighting the endless spaces of the soul4 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study ,read the poem through4 ,how did ,ulysses strive with gods and men8 ,why can it be said that he did not labor alone8 ,look up the story of ,circe and her palace4#aj ,what was the imperishable good that ,ulysses sought8 ,what does his experience have to do with our lives8 ,what sort of freedom does the author speak of in the last few lines8 ,this verse-form is called the sonnet4 ,how many lines has it8 ,make out a scheme of the rhymes3 a b b a1 etc4 ,notice the change of thought at the ninth line4 ,do all sonnets show this change8 ,,exercises ,read several other sonnets2 for instance1 the poem ,on the ,life-,mask of ,abraham ,lincoln1 on page #baj1 or ,on ,first ,looking into ,chapman's ,homer1 by ,john ,keats1 or ,the ,grasshopper and the ,cricket1 by ,leigh ,hunt4 ,notice how these other sonnets are constructed4 ,why are they considered good8 ,if possible1 read part of what is said about the sonnet in ,english ,verse1 by ,r4,m4 ,alden or in ,forms of ,english ,poetry1 by ,c4,f4 ,johnson1 or in ,melodies of ,english ,verse1 by ,lewis ,kennedy ,morse2 notice some of the examples given4 ,look in the good magazines for examples of the sonnet4 ,,collateral ,,readings ,to the ,grasshopper and the ,cricket ,leigh ,hunt ,the ,fish ,answers 7or1 ,the ,fish to the ,man7#aa ,leigh ,hunt ,on the ,grasshopper and ,cricket ,john ,keats ,on ,first ,looking into ,chapman's ,homer ,john ,keats ,ozymandias ,p4,b4 ,shelley ,the ,sonnet ,r4,w4 ,gilder ,the ,odyssey 7sonnet7 ,andrew ,lang ,the ,wine of ,circe 7sonnet7 ,dante ,gabriel ,rossetti ,the ,automobile 7sonnet7#ab ,percy ,mackaye ,the ,sonnet ,william ,wordsworth ,see also references for the ,odyssey1 p4 #acg1 and for ,moly1 p4 #hd4 ,a ,,romance ,,of ,,real ,,life ,,william ,,dean ,,howells 7,in ,suburban ,sketches7 ,it was long past the twilight hour1 which has been already mentioned as so oppressive in suburban places1 and it was even too late for visitors1 when a resident1 whom ,i shall briefly describe as a contributor to the magazines1 was startled by a ring at his door4 ,as any thoughtful person would have done upon the like occasion1 he ran over his acquaintance in his mind1 speculating whether it were such or such a one1 and dismissing the whole list of improbabilities1 before he laid down the book he was reading and answered the bell4 ,when at last he did this1 he was rewarded by the apparition of an utter stranger on his threshold1--a gaunt figure of forlorn and curious smartness towering far above him1 that jerked him a nod of the head1 and asked if ,mr4 ,hapford lived there4 ,the face which the lamplight revealed was remarkable for a harsh two days' growth of beard1 and a single bloodshot eye2 yet it was not otherwise a sinister countenance1 and there was something in the strange presence that appealed and touched4 ,the contributor1 revolving the facts vaguely in his mind1 was not sure1 after all1 that it was not the man's clothes rather than his expression that softened him toward the rugged visage3 they were so tragically cheap2 and the misery of helpless needle-women1 and the poverty and ignorance of the purchaser1 were so apparent in their shabby newness1 of which they appeared still conscious enough to have led the way to the very window1 in the ,semitic quarter of the city1 where they had lain ticketed1 ,this nobby suit for #ae4 ,but the stranger's manner put both his face and his clothes out of mind1 and claimed a deeper interest when1 being answered that the person for whom he asked did not live there1 he set his bristling lips hard together1 and sighed heavily4 ,they told me1 he said1 in a hopeless way1 that he lived on this street1 and ,i've been to every other house4 ,i'm very anxious to find him1 ,cap'n1--the contributor1 of course1 had no claim to the title with which he was thus decorated1--for ,i've a daughter living with him1 and ,i want to see her2 ,i've just got home from a two years' voyage1 and--there was a struggle of the ,adam's-apple in the man's gaunt throat--,i find she's about all there is left of my family4 ,how complex is every human motive6 ,this contributor had been lately thinking1 whenever he turned the pages of some foolish traveller1--some empty prattler of ,southern or ,eastern lands1 where all sensation was long ago exhausted1 and the oxygen has perished from every sentiment1 so has it been breathed and breathed again1--that nowadays the wise adventurer sat down beside his own register and waited for incidents to seek him out4 ,it seemed to him that the cultivation of a patient and receptive spirit was the sole condition needed to insure the occurrence of all manner of surprising facts within the range of one's own personal knowledge2 that not only the ,greeks were at our doors1 but the fairies and the genii1 and all the people of romance1 who had but to be hospitably treated in order to develop the deepest interest of fiction1 and to become the characters of plots so ingenious that the most cunning invention were poor beside them4 ,i myself am not so confident of this1 and would rather trust ,mr4 ,charles ,reade1 say1 for my amusement than any chance combination of events4 ,but ,i should be afraid to say how much his pride in the character of the stranger's sorrows1 as proof of the correctness of his theory1 prevailed with the contributor to ask him to come in and sit down2 though ,i hope that some abstract impulse of humanity1 some compassionate and unselfish care for the man's misfortunes as misfortunes1 was not wholly wanting4 ,indeed1 the helpless simplicity with which he had confided his case might have touched a harder heart4 ,thank you1 said the poor fellow1 after a moment's hesitation4 ,i believe ,i will come in4 ,i've been on foot all day1 and after such a long voyage it makes a man dreadfully sore to walk about so much4 ,perhaps you can think of a ,mr4 ,hapford living somewhere in the neighborhood4 ,he sat down1 and1 after a pondering silence1 in which he had remained with his head fallen upon his breast1 ,my name is ,jonathan ,tinker1 he said1 with the unaffected air which had already impressed the contributor1 and as if he felt that some form of introduction was necessary1 and the girl that ,i want to find is ,julia ,tinker4 ,then he added1 resuming the eventful personal history which the listener exulted1 while he regretted1 to hear3 ,you see1 ,i shipped first to ,liverpool1 and there ,i heard from my family2 and then ,i shipped again for ,hong-,kong1 and after that ,i never heard a word3 ,i seemed to miss the letters everywhere4 ,this morning1 at four o'clock1 ,i left my ship as soon as she had hauled into the dock1 and hurried up home4 ,the house was shut1 and not a soul in it2 and ,i didn't know what to do1 and ,i sat down on the doorstep to wait till the neighbors woke up1 to ask them what had become of my family4 ,and the first one come out he told me my wife had been dead a year and a half1 and the baby ,i'd never seen1 with her2 and one of my boys was dead2 and he didn't know where the rest of the children was1 but he'd heard two of the little ones was with a family in the city4 ,the man mentioned these things with the half-apologetical air observable in a certain kind of ,americans when some accident obliges them to confess the infirmity of the natural feelings4 ,they do not ask your sympathy1 and you offer it quite at your own risk1 with a chance of having it thrown back upon your hands4 ,the contributor assumed the risk so far as to say1 ,pretty rough6 when the stranger paused2 and perhaps these homely words were best suited to reach the homely heart4 ,the man's quivering lips closed hard again1 a kind of spasm passed over his dark face1 and then two very small drops of brine shone upon his weather-worn cheeks4 ,this demonstration1 into which he had been surprised1 seemed to stand for the passion of tears into which the emotional races fall at such times4 ,he opened his lips with a kind of dry click1 and went on3-- ,i hunted about the whole forenoon in the city1 and at last ,i found the children4 ,i'd been gone so long they didn't know me1 and somehow ,i thought the people they were with weren't over-glad ,i'd turned up4 ,finally the oldest child told me that ,julia was living with a ,mr4 ,hapford on this street1 and ,i started out here to-night to look her up4 ,if ,i can find her1 ,i'm all right4 ,i can get the family together1 then1 and start new4 ,it seems rather odd1 mused the listener aloud1 that the neighbors let them break up so1 and that they should all scatter as they did4 ,well1 it ain't so curious as it seems1 ,cap'n4 ,there was money for them at the owners'1 all the time2 ,i'd left part of my wages when ,i sailed2 but they didn't know how to get at it1 and what could a parcel of children do8 ,julia's a good girl1 and when ,i find her ,i'm all right4 ,the writer could only repeat that there was no ,mr4 ,hapford living on that street1 and never had been1 so far as he knew4 ,yet there might be such a person in the neighborhood3 and they would go out together and ask at some of the houses about4 ,but the stranger must first take a glass of wine2 for he looked used up4 ,the sailor awkwardly but civilly enough protested that he did not want to give so much trouble1 but took the glass1 and1 as he put it to his lips1 said formally1 as if it were a toast or a kind of grace1 ,i hope ,i may have the opportunity of returning the compliment4 ,the contributor thanked him2 though1 as he thought of all the circumstances of the case1 and considered the cost at which the stranger had come to enjoy his politeness1 he felt little eagerness to secure the return of the compliment at the same price1 and added1 with the consequence of another set phrase1 ,not at all4 ,but the thought had made him the more anxious to befriend the luckless soul fortune had cast in his way2 and so the two sallied out together1 and rang doorbells wherever lights were still seen burning in the windows1 and asked the astonished people who answered their summons whether any ,mr4 ,hapford were known to live in the neighborhood4 ,and although the search for this gentleman proved vain1 the contributor could not feel that an expedition which set familiar objects in such novel lights was altogether a failure4 ,he entered so intimately into the cares and anxieties of his protg that at times he felt himself in some inexplicable sort a shipmate of ,jonathan ,tinker1 and almost personally a partner of his calamities4 ,the estrangement of all things which takes place1 within doors and without1 about midnight may have helped to cast this doubt upon his identity2--he seemed to be visiting now for the first time the streets and neighborhoods nearest his own1 and his feet stumbled over the accustomed walks4 ,in his quality of houseless wanderer1 and--so far as appeared to others--possibly worthless vagabond1 he also got a new and instructive effect upon the faces which1 in his real character1 he knew so well by their looks of neighborly greeting2 and it is his belief that the first hospitable prompting of the human heart is to shut the door in the eyes of homeless strangers who present themselves after eleven o'clock4 ,by that time the servants are all abed1 and the gentleman of the house answers the bell1 and looks out with a loath and bewildered face1 which gradually changes to one of suspicion1 and of wonder as to what those fellows can possibly want of him1 till at last the prevailing expression is one of contrite desire to atone for the first reluctance by any sort of service4 ,the contributor professes to have observed these changing phases in the visages of those whom he that night called from their dreams1 or arrested in the act of going to bed2 and he drew the conclusion--very proper for his imaginable connection with the garroting and other adventurous brotherhoods--that the most flattering moment for knocking on the head people who answer a late ring at night is either in their first selfish bewilderment1 or their final self-abandonment to their better impulses4 ,it does not seem to have occurred to him that he would himself have been a much more favorable subject for the predatory arts than any of his neighbors1 if his shipmate1 the unknown companion of his researches for ,mr4 ,hapford1 had been at all so minded4 ,but the faith of the gaunt giant upon which he reposed was good1 and the contributor continued to wander about with him in perfect safety4 ,not a soul among those they asked had ever heard of a ,mr4 ,hapford1--far less of a ,julia ,tinker living with him4 ,but they all listened to the contributor's explanation with interest and eventual sympathy2 and in truth1--briefly told1 with a word now and then thrown in by ,jonathan ,tinker1 who kept at the bottom of the steps1 showing like a gloomy spectre in the night1 or1 in his grotesque length and gauntness1 like the other's shadow cast there by the lamplight1--it was a story which could hardly fail to awaken pity4 ,at last1 after ringing several bells where there were no lights1 in the mere wantonness of good-will1 and going away before they could be answered 7it would be entertaining to know what dreams they caused the sleepers within71 there seemed to be nothing for it but to give up the search till morning1 and go to the main street and wait for the last horse-car to the city4 ,there1 seated upon the curbstone1 ,jonathan ,tinker1 being plied with a few leading questions1 told in hints and scraps the story of his hard life1 which was at present that of a second mate1 and had been that of a cabin-boy and of a seaman before the mast4 ,the second mate's place he held to be the hardest aboard ship4 ,you got only a few dollars more than the men1 and you did not rank with the officers2 you took your meals alone1 and in everything you belonged by yourself4 ,the men did not respect you1 and sometimes the captain abused you awfully before the passengers4 ,the hardest captain that ,jonathan ,tinker ever sailed with was ,captain ,gooding of the ,cape4 ,it had got to be so that no man could ship second mate under ,captain ,gooding2 and ,jonathan ,tinker was with him only one voyage4 ,when he had been home awhile1 he saw an advertisement for a second mate1 and he went round to the owners'4 ,they had kept it secret who the captain was2 but there was ,captain ,gooding in the owners' office4 ,why1 here's the man1 now1 that ,i want for a second mate1 said he1 when ,jonathan ,tinker entered2 he knows me4--,captain ,gooding1 ,i know you 'most too well to want to sail under you1 answered ,jonathan4 ,i might go if ,i hadn't been with you one voyage too many already4 ,and then the men6 said ,jonathan1 the men coming aboard drunk1 and having to be pounded sober6 ,and the hardest of the fight falls on the second mate6 ,why1 there isn't an inch of me that hasn't been cut over or smashed into a jell4 ,i've had three ribs broken2 ,i've got a scar from a knife on my cheek2 and ,i've been stabbed bad enough1 half a dozen times1 to lay me up4 ,here he gave a sort of desperate laugh1 as if the notion of so much misery and such various mutilation were too grotesque not to be amusing4 ,well1 what can you do8 he went on4 ,if you don't strike1 the men think you're afraid of them2 and so you have to begin hard and go on hard4 ,i always tell a man1 ',now1 my man1 ,i always begin with a man the way ,i mean to keep on4 ,you do your duty and you're all right4 ,but if you don't'--,well1 the men ain't ,americans any more1--,dutch1 ,spaniards1 ,chinese1 ,portuguee1 and it ain't like abusing a white man4 ,jonathan ,tinker was plainly part of the horrible tyranny which we all know exists on shipboard2 and his listener respected him the more that1 though he had heart enough to be ashamed of it1 he was too honest not to own it4 ,why did he still follow the sea8 ,because he did not know what else to do4 ,when he was younger1 he used to love it1 but now he hated it4 ,yet there was not a prettier life in the world if you got to be captain4 ,he used to hope for that once1 but not now2 though he thought he could navigate a ship4 ,only let him get his family together again1 and he would--yes1 he would--try to do something ashore4 ,no car had yet come in sight1 and so the contributor suggested that they should walk to the car-office1 and look in the ,directory1 which is kept there1 for the name of ,hapford1 in search of whom it had already been arranged that they should renew their acquaintance on the morrow4 ,jonathan ,tinker1 when they had reached the office1 heard with constitutional phlegm that the name of the ,hapford for whom he inquired was not in the ,directory4 ,never mind1 said the other2 come round to my house in the morning4 ,we'll find him yet4 ,so they parted with a shake of the hand1 the second mate saying that he believed he should go down to the vessel and sleep aboard1--if he could sleep1--and murmuring at the last moment the hope of returning the compliment1 while the other walked homeward1 weary as to the flesh1 but1 in spite of his sympathy for ,jonathan ,tinker1 very elate in spirit4 ,the truth is1--and however disgraceful to human nature1 let the truth still be told1--he had recurred to his primal satisfaction in the man as calamity capable of being used for such and such literary ends1 and1 while he pitied him1 rejoiced in him as an episode of real life quite as striking and complete as anything in fiction4 ,it was literature made to his hand4 ,nothing could be better1 he mused2 and once more he passed the details of the story in review1 and beheld all those pictures which the poor fellow's artless words had so vividly conjured up3 he saw him leaping ashore in the gray summer dawn as soon as the ship hauled into the dock1 and making his way1 with his vague sea-legs unaccustomed to the pavements1 up through the silent and empty city streets2 he imagined the tumult of fear and hope which the sight of the man's home must have caused in him1 and the benumbing shock of finding it blind and deaf to all his appeals2 he saw him sitting down upon what had been his own threshold1 and waiting in a sort of bewildered patience till the neighbors should be awake1 while the noises of the streets gradually arose1 and the wheels began to rattle over the stones1 and the milk-man and the ice-man came and went1 and the waiting figure began to be stared at1 and to challenge the curiosity of the passing policeman2 he fancied the opening of the neighbor's door1 and the slow1 cold understanding of the case2 the manner1 whatever it was1 in which the sailor was told that one year before his wife had died1 with her babe1 and that his children were scattered1 none knew where4 ,as the contributor dwelt pityingly upon these things1 but at the same time estimated their aesthetic value one by one1 he drew near the head of his street1 and found himself a few paces behind a boy slouching onward through the night1 to whom he called out1 adventurously1 and with no real hope of information1-- ,do you happen to know anybody on this street by the name of ,hapford8 ,why1 no1 not in this town1 said the boy2 but he added that there was a street of the same name in a neighboring suburb1 and that there was a ,hapford living on it4 ,by ,jove6 thought the contributor1 this is more like literature than ever2 and he hardly knew whether to be more provoked at his own stupidity in not thinking of a street of the same name in the next village1 or delighted at the element of fatality which the fact introduced into the story2 for ,tinker1 according to his own account1 must have landed from the cars a few rods from the very door he was seeking1 and so walked farther and farther from it every moment4 ,he thought the case so curious1 that he laid it briefly before the boy1 who1 however he might have been inwardly affected1 was sufficiently true to the national traditions not to make the smallest conceivable outward sign of concern in it4 ,at home1 however1 the contributor related his adventures and the story of ,tinker's life1 adding the fact that he had just found out where ,mr4 ,hapford lived4 ,it was the only touch wanting1 said he2 the whole thing is now perfect4 ,it's too perfect1 was answered from a sad enthusiasm4 ,don't speak of it6 ,i can't take it in4 ,but the question is1 said the contributor1 penitently taking himself to task for forgetting the hero of these excellent misfortunes in his delight at their perfection1 how am ,i to sleep to-night1 thinking of that poor soul's suspense and uncertainty8 ,never mind1--,i'll be up early1 and run over and make sure that it is ,tinker's ,hapford1 before he gets out here1 and have a pleasant surprise for him4 ,would it not be a justifiable coup de thtre to fetch his daughter here1 and let her answer his ring at the door when he comes in the morning8 ,this plan was discouraged4 ,no1 no2 let them meet in their own way4 ,just take him to ,hapford's house and leave him4 ,very well4 ,but he's too good a character to lose sight of4 ,he's got to come back here and tell us what he intends to do4 ,the birds1 next morning1 not having had the second mate on their minds either as an unhappy man or a most fortunate episode1 but having slept long and soundly1 were singing in a very sprightly way in the wayside trees2 and the sweetness of their notes made the contributor's heart light as he climbed the hill and rang at ,mr4 ,hapford's door4 ,the door was opened by a young girl of fifteen or sixteen1 whom he knew at a glance for the second mate's daughter1 but of whom1 for form's sake1 he asked if there were a girl named ,julia ,tinker living there4 ,my name's ,julia ,tinker1 answered the maid1 who had rather a disappointing face4 ,well1 said the contributor1 your father's got back from his ,hong-,kong voyage4 ,hong-,kong voyage8 echoed the girl1 with a stare of helpless inquiry1 but no other visible emotion4 ,yes4 ,he had never heard of your mother's death4 ,he came home yesterday morning1 and was looking for you all day4 ,julia ,tinker remained open-mouthed but mute2 and the other was puzzled at the want of feeling shown1 which he could not account for even as a national trait4 ,perhaps there's some mistake1 he said4 ,there must be1 answered ,julia3 my father hasn't been to sea for a good many years4 ,my father1 she added1 with a diffidence indescribably mingled with a sense of distinction1--my father 's in ,state's ,prison4 ,what kind of looking man was this8 ,the contributor mechanically described him4 ,julia ,tinker broke into a loud1 hoarse laugh4 ,yes1 it's him1 sure enough4 ,and then1 as if the joke were too good to keep3 ,mis' ,hapford1 ,mis' ,hapford1 father's got out4 ,do come here6 she called into a back room4 ,when ,mrs4 ,hapford appeared1 ,julia fell back1 and1 having deftly caught a fly on the doorpost1 occupied herself in plucking it to pieces1 while she listened to the conversation of the others4 ,it's all true enough1 said ,mrs4 ,hapford1 when the writer had recounted the moving story of ,jonathan ,tinker1 so far as the death of his wife and baby goes4 ,but he hasn't been to sea for a good many years1 and he must have just come out of ,state's ,prison1 where he was put for bigamy4 ,there's always two sides to a story1 you know2 but they say it broke his first wife's heart1 and she died4 ,his friends don't want him to find his children1 and this girl especially4 ,he's found his children in the city1 said the contributor gloomily1 being at a loss what to do or say1 in view of the wreck of his romance4 ,oh1 he's found 'em1 has he8 cried ,julia1 with heightened amusement4 ,then he'll have me next1 if ,i don't pack and go4 ,i'm very1 very sorry1 said the contributor1 secretly resolved never to do another good deed1 no matter how temptingly the opportunity presented itself4 ,but you may depend he won't find out from me where you are4 ,of course ,i had no earthly reason for supposing his story was not true4 ,of course1 said kind-hearted ,mrs4 ,hapford1 mingling a drop of honey with the gall in the contributor's soul1 you only did your duty4 ,and indeed1 as he turned away1 he did not feel altogether without compensation4 ,however ,jonathan ,tinker had fallen in his esteem as a man1 he had even risen as literature4 ,the episode which had appeared so perfect in its pathetic phases did not seem less finished as a farce2 and this person1 to whom all things of every-day life presented themselves in periods more or less rounded1 and capable of use as facts or illustrations1 could not but rejoice in these new incidents1 as dramatically fashioned as the rest4 ,it occurred to him that1 wrought into a story1 even better use might be made of the facts now than before1 for they had developed questions of character and of human nature which could not fail to interest4 ,the more he pondered upon his acquaintance with ,jonathan ,tinker1 the more fascinating the erring mariner became1 in his complex truth and falsehood1 his delicately blended shades of artifice and navet4 ,he must1 it was felt1 have believed to a certain point in his own inventions3 nay1 starting with that groundwork of truth1--the fact that his wife was really dead1 and that he had not seen his family for two years1--why should he not place implicit faith in all the fictions reared upon it8 ,it was probable that he felt a real sorrow for her loss1 and that he found a fantastic consolation in depicting the circumstances of her death so that they should look like his inevitable misfortunes rather than his faults4 ,he might well have repented his offence during those two years of prison2 and why should he not now cast their dreariness and shame out of his memory1 and replace them with the freedom and adventure of a two years' voyage to ,china1--so probable1 in all respects1 that the fact should appear an impossible nightmare8 ,in the experiences of his life he had abundant material to furnish forth the facts of such a voyage1 and in the weariness and lassitude that should follow a day's walking equally after a two years' voyage and two years' imprisonment1 he had as much physical proof in favor of one hypothesis as the other4 ,it was doubtless true1 also1 as he said1 that he had gone to his house at dawn1 and sat down on the threshold of his ruined home2 and perhaps he felt the desire he had expressed to see his daughter1 with a purpose of beginning life anew2 and it may have cost him a veritable pang when he found that his little ones did not know him4 ,all the sentiments of the situation were such as might persuade a lively fancy of the truth of its own inventions2 and as he heard these continually repeated by the contributor in their search for ,mr4 ,hapford1 they must have acquired an objective force and repute scarcely to be resisted4 ,at the same time1 there were touches of nature throughout ,jonathan ,tinker's narrative which could not fail to take the faith of another4 ,the contributor1 in reviewing it1 thought it particularly charming that his mariner had not overdrawn himself1 or attempted to paint his character otherwise than as it probably was2 that he had shown his ideas and practices of life to be those of a second mate1 nor more nor less1 without the gloss of regret or the pretences to refinement that might be pleasing to the supposed philanthropist with whom he had fallen in4 ,captain ,gooding was of course a true portrait2 and there was nothing in ,jonathan ,tinker's statement of the relations of a second mate to his superiors and his inferiors which did not agree perfectly with what the contributor had just read in ,two ,years before the ,mast1--a book which had possibly cast its glamour upon the adventure4 ,he admired also the just and perfectly characteristic air of grief in the bereaved husband and father1--those occasional escapes from the sense of loss into a brief hilarity and forgetfulness1 and those relapses into the hovering gloom1 which every one has observed in this poor1 crazy human nature when oppressed by sorrow1 and which it would have been hard to simulate4 ,but1 above all1 he exulted in that supreme stroke of the imagination given by the second mate when1 at parting1 he said he believed he would go down and sleep on board the vessel4 ,in view of this1 the ,state's ,prison theory almost appeared a malign and foolish scandal4 ,yet even if this theory were correct1 was the second mate wholly answerable for beginning his life again with the imposture he had practised8 ,the contributor had either so fallen in love with the literary advantages of his forlorn deceiver that he would see no moral obliquity in him1 or he had touched a subtler verity at last in pondering the affair4 ,it seemed now no longer a farce1 but had a pathos which1 though very different from that of its first aspect1 was hardly less tragical4 ,knowing with what coldness1 or at the best1 uncandor1 he 7representing ,society in its attitude toward convicted ,error7 would have met the fact had it been owned to him at first1 he had not virtue enough to condemn the illusory stranger1 who must have been helpless to make at once evident any repentance he felt or good purpose he cherished4 ,was it not one of the saddest consequences of the man's past1--a dark necessity of misdoing1--that1 even with the best will in the world to retrieve himself1 his first endeavor must involve a wrong8 ,might he not1 indeed1 be considered a martyr1 in some sort1 to his own admirable impulses8 ,i can see clearly enough where the contributor was astray in this reasoning1 but ,i can also understand how one accustomed to value realities only as they resembled fables should be won with such pensive sophistry2 and ,i can certainly sympathize with his feeling that the mariner's failure to reappear according to appointment added its final and most agreeable charm to the whole affair1 and completed the mystery from which the man emerged and which swallowed him up again4 ,,notes ,mr4 ,charles ,reade3--,an ,english novelist 7#ahad-ahhd74 protg 7,french73--,a person under the care of another4 ,the form given here is masculine2 the feminine is protge4 coup de thtre3--7,french7 ,a very striking scene1 such as might appear on the stage4 ,two ,years before the ,mast3--,a sea story written by ,r4,h4 ,dana1 about #ahdj4 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study ,what is a romance8 ,the phrase already mentioned refers to earlier parts of the book ,suburban ,sketches1 from which this story is taken4 ,what effect does the author gain by the ring at the door-bell8 ,how does he give you a quick and vivid idea of the visitor8 ,what significance do the man's clothes have in the story8 ,by means of what devices does the author interest you in the stranger8 ,do adventures really happen in everyday life8 ,why does the author speak of one's own register8 ,mr4 ,howells has written a number of novels in which he pictures ordinary people1 and shows the romance of commonplace events4 ,why does the listener exult8 ,how does the man's story affect you8 ,what is gained by having it told in his own words8 ,is ,jonathan ,tinker's toast a happy one8 ,what does the contributor mean by saying that he would have been a good subject for the predatory arts8 ,the last horse-car3 ,to ,boston2 the scene is probably laid in ,cambridge where ,mr4 ,howells lived for some years4 ,in what way does the sailor's language emphasize the pathetic quality of his story8 ,how was the man literature made to the author's hand8 ,what are the national traditions mentioned in connection with the boy8 ,why was the story regarded as too perfect when it was related at home8 ,in what way was ,julia ,tinker's face disappointing8 ,how does the author feel when he hears the facts in the case8 ,why does he resolve never to do a good deed again8 ,the author gives two reasons why ,jonathan ,tinker did not tell the truth3 what seems to you the real reason8 ,characterize ,tinker in your own words4 ,is the ending of the selection satisfactory8 ,did you think that ,tinker would come back8 ,can you make a little drama of this story8 ,,theme ,,subjects ,an ,old ,sailor ,people who do not ,tell the ,truth ,the ,forsaken ,house ,asking ,directions ,a ,tramp ,the ,lost ,address ,an ,evening at ,home ,a ,sketch of ,julia ,tinker ,the ,surprise ,a ,long-lost ,relative ,what ,becomes of the ,ex-,convicts8 ,the ,jail ,a ,stranger in ,town ,a ,late ,visitor ,what ,i ,think of ,jonathan ,tinker ,the ,disadvantages of a ,lively ,imagination ,unwelcome ,if ,jonathan ,tinker had ,told the ,truth ,the ,lie ,a ,call at a ,stranger's ,house ,an ,unfortunate ,man ,a ,walk in ,dark ,streets ,the ,sea ,captain ,watching the ,sailors ,,suggestions ,,for ,,writing ,a ,late ,visitor3--,try to write this in the form of a dialogue or little play4 ,the host is reading or conversing in the family sitting-room1 when the doorbell rings4 ,there is a conversation at the door1 and then the caller is brought in4 ,perhaps the stranger has some evil design4 ,perhaps he 7or she7 is lost1 or in great need4 ,perhaps he turns out to be in some way connected with the family4 ,think out the plan of the dialogue pretty thoroughly before you begin to write4 ,it is possible that you will want to add a second act in which the results of the first are shown4 ,plan your stage directions with the help of some other drama1 as1 for instance1 that given on page #eb4 ,the ,lie3#ac--,this also may be written in the form of a slight dramatic composition4 ,there might be a few brief scenes1 according to the following plan3-- ,scene #a3 ,the lie is told4 ,scene #b3 ,it makes trouble4 ,scene #c3 ,it is found out4 ,scene #d3 ,complications are untangled1 and the lie is atoned for4 7,perhaps this scene can be combined with the preceding47 ,a ,long-lost ,relative3--,this may be taken from a real or an imaginary circumstance4 ,tell of the first news that the relative is coming4 ,where has he 7or she7 been during the past years8 ,speak of the period before the relative arrives3 the conjectures as to his appearance2 the preparations made2 the conversation regarding him4 ,tell of his arrival4 ,is his appearance such as has been expected8 ,describe him rather fully4 ,what does he say and do8 ,does he make himself agreeable8 ,are his ideas in any way peculiar8 ,do the neighbors like him8 ,give some of the incidents of his visit4 ,tell about his departure4 ,are the family glad or sorry to have him go8 ,what is said about him after he has gone8 ,what has been heard of him since8 ,,collateral ,,readings ,suburban ,sketches ,william ,dean ,howells ,a ,boy's ,town ,the ,rise of ,silas ,lapham ,the ,minister's ,charge ,their ,wedding ,journey ,the ,lady of the ,aroostook ,venetian ,life ,italian ,journeys ,the ,mouse ,trap 7a play7 ,evening ,dress 7a play7 ,the ,register 7a play7 ,the ,elevator 7a play7 ,unexpected ,guests 7a play7 ,the ,albany ,depot 7a play7 ,literary ,friends and ,acquaintances ,their ,california ,uncle ,bret ,harte ,a ,lodging for the ,night ,r4,l4 ,stevenson ,kidnapped ,ebb ,tide ,enoch ,arden ,alfred ,tennyson ,rip ,van ,winkle ,washington ,irving ,wakefield ,nathaniel ,hawthorne ,two ,years before the ,mast ,r4,h4 ,dana ,out of ,gloucester ,j4,b4 ,connolly ,jean ,valjean 7from ,les ,misrables7 ,victor ,hugo 7,ed4 ,s4,e4 ,wiltse7 ,historic ,towns of ,new ,england 7,cambridge7 ,l4,p4 ,powell 7,ed47 ,old ,cambridge ,t4,w4 ,higginson ,american ,authors at ,home1 pp4 #aic-baa ,j4,l4 and ,j4,b4 ,gilder ,american ,authors and their ,homes1 pp4 #ii-aaj ,f4,w4 ,halsey ,american ,writers of ,to-day1 pp4 #dc-fh ,h4,c4 ,vedder ,bookman1 #ag3cdb 7,portrait72 #ce3aad1 ,april1 #aiab2 ,current ,literature1 #db3di1 ,january1 #aijg 7,portrait74 ,,the ,,wild ,,ride ,,louise ,,imogen ,,guiney ,i hear in my heart1 ,i hear in its ominous pulses ,all day1 on the road1 the hoofs of invisible horses1 ,all night1 from their stalls1 the importunate pawing and neighing4 ,let cowards and laggards fall back6 but alert to the saddle1 ,weather-worn and abreast1 go men of our galloping legion1 ,with a stirrup-cup each to the lily of women that loves him4 ,the trail is through dolour and dread1 over crags and morasses2 ,there are shapes by the way1 there are things that appal or entice us3 ,what odds8 ,we are ,knights of the ,grail1 we are vowed to the riding4 ,thought's self is a vanishing wing1 and joy is a cobweb1 ,and friendship a flower in the dust1 and glory a sun-beam3 ,not here is our prize1 nor1 alas6 after these our pursuing4 ,a dipping of plumes1 a tear1 a shake of the bridle1 ,a passing salute to this world and her pitiful beauty3 ,we hurry with never a word in the track of our fathers4 7,i hear in my heart1 ,i hear in its ominous pulses ,all day1 on the road1 the hoofs of invisible horses1 ,all night1 from their stalls1 the importunate pawing and neighing47 ,we spur to a land of no name1 out-racing the storm-wind2 ,we leap to the infinite dark like sparks from the anvil4 ,thou leadest1 ,o ,god6 ,all's well with ,thy troopers that follow4 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study ,this poem is somewhat like the ,road-,hymn for the ,start1 on page #ahd4 ,it is about those people who go forward eagerly into the work of the world1 without fearing1 and without shrinking from difficulties4 ,read it through completely1 trying to get its meaning4 ,regard the lines in italic as a kind of chorus1 and study the meaning of the other stanzas first4 ,who are the galloping legions8 ,a stirrup-cup was a draught of wine1 taken just before a rider began his journey2 it was usually drunk to some one's health4 ,is dolour a common word8 ,is it good here8 ,try to put into your own words the ideas in the land of no name1 and the infinite dark1 remembering what is said above about the general meaning of the poem4 ,what picture and what idea do you get from like sparks from the anvil8 ,now go back to the lines in italic1 and look for their meaning4 ,what do you notice about the length of the words in this poem8 ,why has the author used this kind of words8 ,notice carefully how the sound and the sense are made harmonious4 ,look for the rhyme4 ,how does the poem differ from most short poems8 ,bead the verses aloud1 trying to make your reading suggest the hoofs of invisible horses4 ,,other ,,poems ,,to ,,read ,a ,troop of the ,guard ,hermann ,hagedorn ,how ,they ,brought the ,good ,news from ,ghent to ,aix ,robert ,browning ,through the ,metidja to ,abd-el-,kadr ,reveille ,bret ,harte ,a ,song of the ,road ,richard ,watson ,gilder ,the ,house and the ,road ,j4,p4 ,peabody ,the ,mystic ,cale ,young ,rice 7,in ,the ,little ,book of ,modern ,verse1 ,ed4 by ,j4,b4 ,rittenhouse47 ,a ,winter ,ride ,amy ,lowell 7,in ,the ,little ,book of ,modern ,verse47 ,the ,ride ,clinton ,scollard 7,in ,songs of ,sunrise ,lands47 ,,christmas ,,in ,,the ,,woods ,,dallas ,,lore ,,sharp 7,in ,the ,lay of the ,land7 ,on the night before this particular ,christmas every creature of the woods that could stir was up and stirring2 for over the old snow was falling swiftly1 silently1 a soft1 fresh covering that might mean a hungry ,christmas unless the dinner were had before morning4 ,but when the morning dawned1 a cheery ,christmas sun broke across the great gum swamp1 lighting the snowy boles and soft-piled limbs of the giant trees with indescribable glory1 and pouring1 a golden flood1 into the deep spongy bottoms below4 ,it would be a perfect ,christmas in the woods1 clear1 mild1 stirless1 with silent footing for me1 and everywhere the telltale snow4 ,and everywhere the ,christmas spirit1 too4 ,as ,i paused among the pointed cedars of the pasture1 looking down into the cripple at the head of the swamp1 a clear wild whistle rang in the thicket1 followed by a flash through the alders like a tongue of fire1 as a cardinal grosbeak shot down to the tangle of greenbrier and magnolia under the slope4 ,it was a fleck of flaming summer4 ,as warm as summer1 too1 the staghorn sumac burned on the crest of the ridge against the group of holly trees1--trees as fresh as ,april1 and all aglow with berries4 ,the woods were decorated for the holy day4 ,the gentleness of the soft new snow touched everything2 cheer and good-will lighted the unclouded sky and warmed the thick depths of the evergreens1 and blazed in the crimson-berried bushes of the ilex and alder4 ,the ,christmas woods were glad4 ,nor was the gladness all show1 mere decoration4 ,there was real cheer in abundance2 for ,i was back in the old home woods1 back along the ,cohansey1 back where you can pick persimmons off the trees at ,christmas4 ,there are persons who say the ,lord might have made a better berry than the strawberry1 but ,he didn't4 ,perhaps ,he didn't make the strawberry at all4 ,but ,he did make the ,cohansey ,creek persimmon1 and ,he made it as good as ,he could4 ,nowhere else under the sun can you find such persimmons as these along the creek1 such richness of flavor1 such gummy1 candied quality1 woodsy1 wild1 crude1--especially the fruit of two particular trees on the west bank1 near ,lupton's ,pond4 ,but they never come to this perfection1 never quite lose their pucker1 until midwinter1--as if they had been intended for the ,christmas table of the woods4 ,it had been nearly twenty years since ,i crossed this pasture of the cedars on my way to the persimmon trees4 ,the cows had been crossing every year1 yet not a single new crook had they worn in the old paths4 ,but ,i was half afraid as ,i came to the fence where ,i could look down upon the pond and over to the persimmon trees4 ,not one of the ,luptons1 who owned pasture and pond and trees1 had ever been a boy1 so far as ,i could remember1 or had ever eaten of those persimmons4 ,would they have left the trees through all these years8 ,i pushed through the hedge of cedars and stopped for an instant1 confused4 ,the very pond was gone6 and the trees6 ,no1 there was the pond1--but how small the patch of water6 and the two persimmon trees8 ,the bush and undergrowth had grown these twenty years4 ,which way--,ah1 there they stand1 only their leafless tops showing2 but see the hard angular limbs1 how closely globed with fruit6 how softly etched upon the sky6 ,i hurried around to the trees and climbed the one with the two broken branches1 up1 clear up to the top1 into the thick of the persimmons4 ,did ,i say it had been twenty years8 ,that could not be4 ,twenty years would have made me a man1 and this sweet1 real taste in my mouth only a boy could know4 ,but there was college1 and marriage1 a ,massachusetts farm1 four boys of my own1 and--no matter6 it could not have been years--twenty years--since4 ,it was only yesterday that ,i last climbed this tree and ate the rich rimy fruit frosted with a ,christmas snow4 ,and yet1 could it have been yesterday8 ,it was storming1 and ,i clung here in the swirling snow and heard the wild ducks go over in their hurry toward the bay4 ,yesterday1 and all this change in the vast treetop world1 this huddled pond1 those narrowed meadows1 that shrunken creek6 ,i should have eaten the persimmons and climbed straight down1 not stopped to gaze out upon the pond1 and away over the dark ditches to the creek4 ,but reaching out quickly ,i gathered another handful1--and all was yesterday again4 ,i filled both pockets of my coat and climbed down4 ,i kept those persimmons and am tasting them to-night4 ,lupton's ,pond may fill to a puddle1 the meadows may shrivel1 the creek dry up and disappear1 and old ,time may even try his wiles on me4 ,but ,i shall foil him to the end2 for ,i am carrying still in my pocket some of yesterday's persimmons1--persimmons that ripened in the rime of a winter when ,i was a boy4 ,high and alone in a bare persimmon tree for one's dinner hardly sounds like a merry ,christmas4 ,but ,i was not alone4 ,i had noted the fresh tracks beneath the tree before ,i climbed up1 and now ,i saw that the snow had been partly brushed from several of the large limbs as the 'possum had moved about in the tree for his ,christmas dinner4 ,we were guests at the same festive board1 and both of us at ,nature's invitation4 ,it mattered not that the 'possum had eaten and gone this hour or more4 ,such is good form in the woods4 ,he was expecting me1 so he came early1 out of modesty2 and1 that ,i too might be entirely at my ease1 he departed early1 leaving his greetings for me in the snow4 ,thus ,i was not alone2 here was good company and plenty of it4 ,i never lack a companion in the woods when ,i can pick up a trail4 ,the 'possum and ,i ate together4 ,and this was just the fellowship ,i needed1 this sharing the persimmons with the 'possum4 ,i had broken bread1 not with the 'possum only1 but with all the out-of-doors4 ,i was now fit to enter the woods1 for ,i was filled with good-will and persimmons1 as full as the 'possum2 and putting myself under his gentle guidance1 ,i got down upon the ground1 took up his clumsy trail1 and descended toward the swamp4 ,such an entry is one of the particular joys of the winter4 ,to go in with a fox1 a mink1 or a 'possum through the door of the woods is to find yourself at home4 ,any one can get inside the out-of-doors1 as the grocery boy or the census man gets inside our houses4 ,you can bolt in at any time on business4 ,a trail1 however1 is ,nature's invitation4 ,there may be other1 better beaten paths for mere feet4 ,but go softly with the 'possum1 and at the threshold you are met by the spirit of the wood1 you are made the guest of the open1 silent1 secret out-of-doors4 ,i went down with the 'possum4 ,he had traveled home in leisurely fashion and without fear1 as his tracks plainly showed4 ,he was full of persimmons4 ,a good happy world this1 where such fare could be had for the picking6 ,what need to hurry home1 except one were in danger of falling asleep by the way8 ,so ,i thought1 too1 as ,i followed his winding path2 and if ,i was tracking him to his den1 it was only to wake him for a moment with the compliments of the season4 ,but it was not even a momentary disturbance2 for when ,i finally found him in his hollow gum1 he was sound asleep1 and only half realized that some one was poking him gently in the ribs and wishing him a merry ,christmas4 ,the 'possum had led me to the center of the empty1 hollow swamp1 where the great-boled gums lifted their branches like a timbered1 unshingled roof between me and the wide sky4 ,far away through the spaces of the rafters ,i saw a pair of wheeling buzzards and1 under them1 in lesser circles1 a broad-winged hawk4 ,here1 at the feet of the tall1 clean trees1 looking up through the leafless limbs1 ,i had something of a measure for the flight of the birds4 ,the majesty and the mystery of the distant buoyant wings were singularly impressive4 ,i have seen the turkey-buzzard sailing the skies on the bitterest winter days4 ,to-day1 however1 could hardly be called winter4 ,indeed1 nothing yet had felt the pinch of the cold4 ,there was no hunger yet in the swamp1 though this new snow had scared the raccoons out1 and their half-human tracks along the margin of the swamp stream showed that1 if not hungry1 they at least feared that they might be4 ,for a coon hates snow4 ,he will invariably sleep off the first light snowfalls1 and even in the late winter he will not venture forth in fresh snow unless driven by hunger or some other dire need4 ,perhaps1 like a cat or a hen1 he dislikes the wetting of his feet4 ,or it may be that the soft snow makes bad hunting--for him4 ,the truth is1 ,t believe1 that such a snow makes too good hunting for the dogs and the gunner4 ,the new snow tells too clear a story4 ,his home is no inaccessible den among the ledges2 only a hollow in some ancient oak or tupelo4 ,once within1 he is safe from the dogs2 but the long fierce fight for life taught him generations ago that the nest-tree is a fatal trap when behind the dogs come the axe and the gun4 ,so he has grown wary and enduring4 ,he waits until the snow grows crusty1 when1 without sign1 and almost without scent1 he can slip forth among the long shadows and prowl to the edge of dawn4 ,skirting the stream out toward the higher back woods1 ,i chanced to spy a bunch of snow in one of the great sour gums1 that ,i thought was an old nest4 ,a second look showed me tiny green leaves1 then white berries1 then mistletoe4 ,it was not a surprise1 for ,i had found it here before1--a long1 long time before4 ,it was back in my school-boy days1 back beyond those twenty years1 that ,i first stood here under the mistletoe and had my first romance4 ,there was no chandelier1 no pretty girl1 in that romance1--only a boy1 the mistletoe1 the giant trees1 and the somber1 silent swamp4 ,then there was his discovery1 the thrill of deep delight1 and the wonder of his knowledge of the strange unnatural plant6 ,all plants had been plants to him until1 one day1 he read the life of the mistletoe4 ,but that was ,english mistletoe2 so the boy's wonder world of plant life was still as far away as ,mars1 when1 rambling alone through the swamp along the creek1 he stopped under a big curious bunch of green1 high up in one of the gums1 and--made his first discovery4 ,so the boy climbed up again this ,christmas ,day at the peril of his precious neck1 and brought down a bit of that old romance4 ,i followed the stream along through the swamp to the open meadows1 and then on under the steep wooded hillside that ran up to the higher land of corn and melon fields4 ,here at the foot of the slope the winter sun lay warm1 and here in the sheltered briery border ,i came upon the ,christmas birds4 ,there was a great variety of them1 feeding and preening and chirping in the vines4 ,the tangle was a-twitter with their quiet1 cheery talk4 ,such a medley of notes you could not hear at any other season outside a city bird store4 ,how far the different species understood one another ,i should like to know1 and whether the hum of voices meant sociability to them1 as it certainly meant to me4 ,doubtless the first cause of their flocking here was the sheltered warmth and the great numbers of berry-laden bushes1 for there was no lack either of abundance or variety on the ,christmas table4 ,in sight from where ,i stood hung bunches of withering chicken or frost grapes1 plump clusters of blue-black berries of the greenbrier1 and limbs of the smooth winterberry bending with their flaming fruit4 ,there were bushes of crimson ilex1 too1 trees of fruiting dogwood and holly1 cedars in berry1 dwarf sumac and seedy sedges1 while patches on the wood slopes uncovered by the sun were spread with trailing partridge berry and the coral-fruited wintergreen4 ,i had eaten part of my dinner with the 'possum2 ,i picked a quantity of these wintergreen berries1 and continued my meal with the birds4 ,and they also had enough and to spare4 ,among the birds in the tangle was a large flock of northern fox sparrows1 whose vigorous and continuous scratching in the bared spots made a most lively and cheery commotion4 ,many of them were splashing about in tiny pools of snow-water1 melted partly by the sun and partly by the warmth of their bodies as they bathed4 ,one would hop to a softening bit of snow at the base of a tussock keel over and begin to flop1 soon sending up a shower of sparkling drops from his rather chilly tub4 ,a winter snow-water bath seemed a necessity1 a luxury indeed2 for they all indulged1 splashing with the same purpose and zest that they put into their scratching among the leaves4 ,a much bigger splashing drew me quietly through the bushes to find a marsh hawk giving himself a ,christmas souse4 ,the scratching1 washing1 and talking of the birds2 the masses of green in the cedars1 holly1 and laurels2 the glowing colors of the berries against the snow2 the blue of the sky1 and the golden warmth of the light made ,christmas in the heart of the noon that the very swamp seemed to feel4 ,three months later there was to be scant picking here1 for this was the beginning of the severest winter ,i ever knew4 ,from this very ridge1 in ,february1 ,i had reports of berries gone1 of birds starving1 of whole coveys of quail frozen dead in the snow2 but neither the birds nor ,i dreamed to-day of any such hunger and death4 ,a flock of robins whirled into the cedars above me2 a pair of cardinals whistled back and forth2 tree sparrows1 juncos1 nuthatches1 chickadees1 and cedar-birds cheeped among the trees and bushes2 and from the farm lands at the top of the slope rang the calls of meadowlarks4 ,halfway up the hill ,i stopped under a blackjack oak where1 in the thin snow1 there were signs of something like a ,christmas revel4 ,the ground was sprinkled with acorn shells and trampled over with feet of several kinds and sizes1--quail1 jay1 and partridge feet2 rabbit1 squirrel1 and mice feet1 all over the snow as the feast of acorns had gone on4 ,hundreds of the acorns were lying about1 gnawed away at the cup end1 where the shell was thinnest1 many of them further broken and cleaned out by the birds4 ,as ,i sat studying the signs in the snow1 my eye caught a tiny trail leading out from the others straight away toward a broken pile of cord wood4 ,the tracks were planted one after the other1 so directly in line as to seem like the prints of a single foot4 ,that's a weasel's trail1 ,i said1 the death's-head at this feast1 and followed it slowly to the wood4 ,a shiver crept over me as ,i felt1 even sooner than ,i saw1 a pair of small sinister eyes fixed upon mine4 ,the evil pointed head1 heavy but alert1 and with a suggestion of fierce strength out of all relation to the slender body1 was watching me from between the sticks of cordwood4 ,and so he had been watching the mice and birds and rabbits feasting under the tree6 ,i packed a ball of snow round and hard1 slipped forward upon my knees1 and hurled it4 ,spat6 it struck the end of a stick within an inch of the ugly head1 filling the crevice with snow4 ,instantly the head appeared at another crack1 and another ball struck viciously beside it4 ,now it was back where it first appeared1 and did not flinch for the next1 or the next ball4 ,the third went true1 striking with a chug and packing the crack4 ,but the black1 hating eyes were still watching me a foot lower down4 ,it is not all peace and good-will in the ,christmas woods4 ,but there is more of peace and good-will than of any other spirit4 ,the weasels are few4 ,more friendly and timid eyes were watching me than bold and murderous4 ,it was foolish to want to kill--even the weasel4 ,for one's woods are what one makes them2 and so ,i let the man with the gun1 who chanced along1 think that ,i had turned boy again1 and was snowballing the woodpile1 just for the fun of trying to hit the end of the biggest stick4 ,i was glad he had come4 ,as he strode off with his stained bag1 ,i felt kindlier toward the weasel4 ,there were worse in the woods than he1--worse1 because all of their killing was pastime4 ,the weasel must kill to live1 and if he gloated over the kill1 why1 what fault of his8 ,but the other weasel1 the one with the blood-stained bag1 he killed for the love of killing4 ,i was glad he was gone4 ,the crows were winging over toward their great roost in the pines when ,i turned toward the town4 ,they1 too1 had had good picking along the creek flats and ditches of the meadows4 ,their powerful wing-beats and constant play told of full crops and no fear for the night1 already softly gray across the white silent fields4 ,the air was crisper2 the snow began to crackle under foot2 the twigs creaked and rattled as ,i brushed along2 a brown beech leaf wavered down and skated with a thin scratch over the crust2 and pure as the snow-wrapped crystal world1 and sweet as the soft gray twilight1 came the call of a quail4 ,the voices1 colors1 odors1 and forms of summer were gone4 ,the very face of things had changed2 all had been reduced1 made plain1 simple1 single1 pure6 ,there was less for the senses1 but how much keener now their joy6 ,the wide landscape1 the frosty air1 the tinkle of tiny icicles1 and1 out of the quiet of the falling twilight1 the voice of the quail6 ,there is no day but is beautiful in the woods2 and none more beautiful than one like this ,christmas ,day1--warm and still and wrapped1 to the round red berries of the holly1 in the magic of the snow4 ,,notes cripple3--,a dense thicket in swampy land4 good-will3--,see the ,bible1 ,luke #b3ac1 #ad4 ,cohansey3--,a creek in southern ,new ,jersey4 ,,questions ,,for ,,study ,read the selection through once without stopping4 ,afterward1 go through it with these questions3-- ,why might the snow mean a hungry ,christmas8 ,note the color words in paragraph three3 ,of what value are they8 ,why does the pond seem small to the visitor8 ,does the author mean anything more than persimmons in the last part of the paragraph beginning ,i filled both pockets8 ,what sort of man do you think he is8 ,what is the meaning of broken bread8 ,what is meant by entering the woods at ,nature's invitation8 ,what do you understand by the long fierce fight for life8 ,what was it that the coon learned generations ago8 ,what does the author mean here8 ,do you know anything of the ,darwinian theory of life8 ,what has it to do with what is said here about the coon8 ,how does the author make you feel the variety and liveliness of the bird life which he observes8 ,what shows his keenness of sight8 ,what do you know about weasels8 ,is it1 true that one's woods are what one makes them8 ,do you think the author judges the hunter too harshly8 ,how does the author make you feel the charm of the late afternoon8 ,go through the selection and see how many different subjects are discussed6 ,how is the unity of the piece preserved8 ,notice the pictures in the piece4 ,what feeling prevails in the selection8 ,how can you tell whether the author really loves nature8 ,could you write a sketch somewhat like this1 telling what you saw during a walk in the woods8 ,,theme ,,subjects ,a ,walk in the ,winter ,woods ,an ,outdoor ,christmas ,tree ,a ,lumber ,camp at ,christmas ,the ,winter ,birds ,tracking a ,rabbit ,hunting ,deer in ,winter ,a ,winter ,landscape ,home ,decorations from the ,winter ,fields ,wild ,apples ,fishing through the ,ice ,a ,winter ,camp ,a ,strange ,christmas ,playing ,santa ,claus ,a ,snow ,picnic ,making ,christmas ,gifts ,feeding the ,birds ,the ,christmas ,guest ,turkey and ,plum ,pudding ,the ,children's ,christmas ,party ,christmas on the ,farm ,the ,christmas ,tree at the ,schoolhouse ,what he ,found in his ,stocking ,bringing ,home the ,christmas ,tree ,christmas in the ,south ,christmas away from ,home ,a ,sensible ,christmas ,christmas at our ,house ,,suggestions ,,for ,,writing ,a ,walk in the ,winter ,woods3--,tell of a real or imaginary stroll in the woods when the snow is on the ground4 ,if possible1 plan the theme some time before you write1 and obtain your material through actual and recent observation4 ,in everything you say1 be careful and accurate4 ,you might speak first of the time of day at which your walk was taken2 the weather2 the condition of the snow4 ,speak of the trees3 the kinds2 how they looked4 ,were any of the trees weighted with snow8 ,describe the bushes1 and the berries and grasses2 use color words1 if possible1 as ,mr4 ,sharp does4 ,what sounds did you hear in the woods8 ,did you see any tracks of animals8 ,if so1 tell about these tracks1 and show what they indicated4 ,describe the animals that you saw1 and tell what they were doing4 ,what did you gather regarding the way in which the animals live in winter8 ,speak in the same way of the birds4 ,re-read what ,mr4 ,sharp says about the birds he saw1 and try to make your own account clear and full of action4 ,did you see any signs of human inhabitants or visitors8 ,if so1 tell about them4 ,did you find anything to eat in the woods8 ,speak briefly of your return home4 ,had the weather changed since your entering the woods8 ,was there any alteration in the landscape8 ,how did you feel after your walk8 ,the ,winter ,birds3--,for several days before writing this theme1 prepare material for it by observation and reading4 ,watch the birds1 and see what they are doing and how they live4 ,use a field glass if you can get one1 and take careful notes on what you see4 ,make especial use of any interesting incidents that come under your observation4 ,when you write1 take up each kind of bird separately1 and tell what you have found out about its winter life3 how it looks2 where you have seen it2 what it was doing4 ,speak also of its food and shelter2 the perils it endures2 its intelligence2 anecdotes about it4 ,make your theme simple and lively1 as if you were talking to some one about the birds4 ,try to use good color words and sound words1 and expressions that give a vivid idea of the activities and behavior of the birds4 ,when you have finished1 lay the theme aside for a time2 then read it again and see how you can touch it up to make it clearer and more straightforward4 ,christmas at our ,house3--,write as if you were telling of some particular occasion1 although you may perhaps be combining the events of several ,christmas days4 ,tell of the preparations for ,christmas3 the planning2 the cooking2 the whispering of secrets4 ,make as much use of conversation as possible1 and do not hesitate to use even very small details and little anecdotes4 ,perhaps you will wish to tell of the hanging of the stockings on ,christmas ,eve2 if there are children in the family1 tell what they did and said4 ,write as vividly as possible of ,christmas morning1 and the finding of the gifts2 try to bring out the confusion and the happiness of opening the parcels and displaying the presents4 ,quote some of the remarks directly1 and speak of particularly pleasing or absurd gifts4 ,go on and tell of the sports and pleasures of the day4 ,speak of the guests1 describing some of them1 and telling what they said and did4 ,try to bring out contrasts here4 ,put as much emphasis as you wish upon the dinner1 and the quantities of good things consumed4 ,try to quote the remarks of some of the people at the table4 ,if your theme has become rather long1 you might close it by a brief account of the dispersing of the family after dinner4 ,you might1 however1 complete your account of the day by telling of the evening1 with its enjoyments and its weariness4 ,,collateral ,,readings ,wild ,life ,near ,home ,d4,l4 ,sharp ,a ,watcher in the ,woods ,the ,lay of the ,land ,winter ,the ,face of the ,fields ,the ,fall of the ,year ,roof and ,meadow ,wild ,life in the ,rockies ,enos ,a4 ,mills ,kindred of the ,wild ,c4,g4,d4 ,roberts ,watchers of the ,trail ,haunters of the ,silences ,the ,ways of ,wood ,folk ,w4,j4 ,long ,eye ,spy ,w4,h4 ,gibson ,sharp ,eyes ,birds in the ,bush ,bradford ,torrey ,everyday ,birds ,nature's ,invitation ,bird ,stories from ,burroughs 7selections7 ,john ,burroughs ,winter ,sunshine ,pepacton ,riverby ,wake-,robin ,signs and ,seasons ,how ,santa ,claus ,came to ,simpson's ,bar ,bret ,harte ,santa ,claus's ,partner ,t4,n4 ,page ,the ,first ,christmas ,tree ,henry ,van ,dyke ,the ,other ,wise ,man ,the ,old ,peabody ,pew ,k4,d4 ,wiggin ,miss ,santa ,claus of the ,pullman ,annie ,f4 ,johnson ,christmas ,zona ,gale ,a ,christmas ,mystery ,w4,j4 ,locke ,christmas ,eve on ,lonesome ,john ,fox1 ,jr4 ,by the ,christmas ,fire ,s4,m4 ,crothers ,colonel ,carter's ,christmas ,f4,h4 ,smith ,christmas ,jenny 7in ,a ,new ,england ,nun7 ,mary ,e4 ,wilkins ,a ,christmas ,sermon ,r4,l4 ,stevenson ,the ,boy who ,brought ,christmas ,alice ,morgan ,christmas ,stories ,charles ,dickens ,the ,christmas ,guest ,selma ,lagerlf ,the ,legend of the ,christmas ,rose ,,gloucester ,,moors ,,william ,,vaughn ,,moody ,a mile behind is ,gloucester town ,where the fishing fleets put in1 ,a mile ahead the land dips down ,and the woods and farms begin4 ,here1 where the moors stretch free ,in the high blue afternoon1 ,are the marching sun and talking sea1 ,and the racing winds that wheel and flee ,on the flying heels of ,june4 ,jill-o'er-the-ground is purple blue1 ,blue is the quaker-maid1 ,the wild geranium holds its dew ,long in the boulder's shade4 ,wax-red hangs the cup ,from the huckleberry boughs1 ,in barberry bells the grey moths sup1 ,or where the choke-cherry lifts high up ,sweet bowls for their carouse4 ,over the shelf of the sandy cove ,beach-peas blossom late4 ,by copse and cliff the swallows rove ,each calling to his mate4 ,seaward the sea-gulls go1 ,and the land birds all are here2 ,that green-gold flash was a vireo1 ,and yonder flame where the marsh-flags grow ,was a scarlet tanager4 ,this earth is not the steadfast place ,we landsmen build upon2 ,from deep to deep she varies pace1 ,and while she comes is gone4 ,beneath my feet ,i feel ,her smooth bulk heave and dip2 ,with velvet plunge and soft upreel ,she swings and steadies to her keel ,like a gallant1 gallant ship4 ,these summer clouds she sets for sail1 ,the sun is her masthead light1 ,she tows the moon like a pinnace frail ,where her phospher wake churns bright1 ,now hid1 now looming clear1 ,on the face of the dangerous blue ,the star fleets tack and wheel and veer1 ,but on1 but on does the old earth steer ,as if her port she knew4 ,god1 dear ,god6 ,does she know her port1 ,though she goes so far about8 ,or blind astray1 does she make her sport ,to brazen and chance it out8 ,i watched where her captains passed3 ,she were better captainless4 ,men in the cabin1 before the mast1 ,but some were reckless and some aghast1 ,and some sat gorged at mess4 ,by her battered hatch ,i leaned and caught ,sounds from the noisome hold1-- ,cursing and sighing of souls distraught ,and cries too sad to be told4 ,then ,i strove to go down and see2 ,but they said1 ,thou art not of us6 ,i turned to those on the deck with me ,and cried1 ,give help6 ,but they said1 ,let be3 ,our ship sails faster thus4 ,jill-o'er-the-ground is purple blue1 ,blue is the quaker-maid1 ,the alder clump where the brook comes through ,breeds cresses in its shade4 ,to be out of the moiling street ,with its swelter and its sin6 ,who has given to me this sweet1 ,and given my brother dust to eat8 ,and when will his wage come in8 ,scattering wide or blown in ranks1 ,yellow and white and brown1 ,boats and boats from the fishing banks ,come home to ,gloucester town4 ,there is cash to purse and spend1 ,there are wives to be embraced1 ,hearts to borrow and hearts to lend1 ,and hearts to take and keep to the end1-- ,o little sails1 make haste6 ,but thou1 vast outbound ship of souls1 ,what harbor town for thee8 ,what shapes1 when thy arriving tolls1 ,shall crowd the banks to see8 ,shall all the happy shipmates then ,stand singing brotherly8 ,or shall a haggard ruthless few ,warp her over and bring her to1 ,while the many broken souls of men ,fester down in the slaver's pen1 ,and nothing to say or do8 ,,notes ,gloucester town3 ,gloucester is a seaport town in ,massachusetts1 the chief seat of the cod and mackerel fisheries of the coast4 ,jill-o'er-the-ground3 ,ground ivy2 usually written ,gill-over-the-ground4 ,quaker-maid3 ,quaker ladies2 small blue flowers growing low on the ground4 wax-red3 ,the huckleberry blossom is red and waxy4 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study ,read the poem slowly through to yourself1 getting what you can out of it1 without trying too hard4 ,note that after the third stanza the earth is compared to a ship4 ,after you have read the poem through1 go back and study it with the help of the following questions and suggestions3-- ,the author is out on the moors not far from the sea3 ,what details does he select to make you feel the beauty of the afternoon8 ,what words in the first stanza suggest movement and freedom8 ,why does the author stop to tell about the flowers1 when he has so many important things to say8 ,note a change of tone at the beginning of the fourth stanza4 ,what suggests to the author that the earth is like a ship8 ,why does he say that it is not a steadfast place8 ,how does the fifth stanza remind you of ,the ,ancient ,mariner8 ,why does the author speak so passionately at the beginning of the sixth stanza8 ,here he wonders whether there is really any plan in the universe1 or whether things all go by chance4 ,who are the captains of whom he speaks8 ,what different types of people are represented in the last two lines of stanza six8 ,what is the noisome hold of the ,earth ship8 ,who are those cursing and sighing8 ,who are they in the line1 ,but they said1 ',thou art not of us6'8 ,who are they in the next line but one8 ,why does the author turn back to the flowers in the next few lines8 ,what is omitted from the line beginning ,to be out8 ,explain the last three lines of stanza eight4 ,how do the ships of ,gloucester differ from the ship ,earth8 ,what is the arriving spoken of in the last stanza8 ,what two possibilities does the author suggest as to the fate of the ship8 ,why does he end his poem with a question8 ,what is the purpose of the poem8 ,why is it considered good8 ,what do you think was the author's feeling about the way the poor and helpless are treated8 ,read the poem through aloud1 thinking what each line means4 ,,road-,,hymn ,,for ,,the ,,start ,,william ,,vaughn ,,moody ,leave the early bells at chime1 ,leave the kindled hearth to blaze1 ,leave the trellised panes where children linger out the waking-time1 ,leave the forms of sons and fathers trudging through the misty ways1 ,leave the sounds of mothers taking up their sweet laborious days4 ,pass them by6 even while our soul ,yearns to them with keen distress4 ,unto them a part is given2 we will strive to see the whole4 ,dear shall be the banquet table where their singing spirits press2 ,dearer be our sacred hunger1 and our pilgrim loneliness4 ,we have felt the ancient swaying ,of the earth before the sun1 ,on the darkened marge of midnight heard sidereal rivers playing2 ,rash it was to bathe our souls there1 but we plunged and all was done4 ,that is lives and lives behind us--lo1 our journey is begun6 ,careless where our face is set1 ,let us take the open way4 ,what we are no tongue has told us3 ,errand-goers who forget8 ,soldiers heedless of their harry8 ,pilgrim people gone astray8 ,we have heard a voice cry ,wander6 ,that was all we heard it say4 ,ask no more3 'tis much1 'tis much6 ,down the road the day-star calls2 ,touched with change in the wide heavens1 like a leaf the frost winds touch1 ,flames the failing moon a moment1 ere it shrivels white and falls2 ,hid aloft1 a wild throat holdeth sweet and sweeter intervals4 ,leave him still to ease in song ,half his little heart's unrest3 ,speech is his1 but we may journey toward the life for which we long4 ,god1 who gives the bird its anguish1 maketh nothing manifest1 ,but upon our lifted foreheads pours the boon of endless quest4 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study ,do not be alarmed if you find this a little hard to understand4 ,it is expressed in rather figurative language1 and one has to study it to get its meaning4 ,the poem is about those people who look forward constantly to something better1 and feel that they must always be pressing forward at any cost4 ,who is represented as speaking8 ,what sort of life are the travelers leaving behind them8 ,why do they feel a keen distress8 ,what is the whole that they are striving to see8 ,what is their sacred hunger8 ,why is it dearer than the feasting of those who stay at home8 ,notice how the third stanza reminds one of ,gloucester ,moors4 ,look up the word sidereal3 ,can you tell what it means here8 ,lives and lives behind us means a long time ago2 you will perhaps have to ask your teacher for its deeper meaning4 ,do the travelers know where they are going8 ,why do they set forth8 ,note the description of the dawn in the fifth stanza4 ,what is the boon of endless quest8 ,why is it spoken of as a gift 7boon78 ,compare the last line of this poem with the last line of ,the ,wild ,ride1 on page #afa4 ,perhaps you will be interested to compare the ,road-,hymn with ,whitman's ,the ,song of the ,open ,road4 ,do the meter and verse-form seem appropriate here8 ,is anything gained by the difference in the length of the lines8 ,,on ,a ,,soldier ,,fallen ,,in ,,the ,,philippines ,,william ,,vaughn ,,moody ,streets of the roaring town1 ,hush for him1 hush1 be still6 ,he comes1 who was stricken down ,doing the word of our will4 ,hush6 ,let him have his state1 ,give him his soldier's crown4 ,the grists of trade can wait ,their grinding at the mill1 ,but he cannot wait for his honor1 now the trumpet has been blown2 ,wreathe pride now for his granite brow1 lay love on his breast of stone4 ,toll6 ,let the great bells toll ,till the clashing air is dim4 ,did we wrong this parted soul8 ,we will make it up to him4 ,toll6 ,let him never guess ,what work we set him to4 ,laurel1 laurel1 yes2 ,he did what we bade him do4 ,praise1 and never a whispered hint but the fight he fought was good2 ,never a word that the blood on his sword was his country's own heart's-blood4 ,a flag for the soldier's bier ,who dies that his land may live2 ,o1 banners1 banners here1 ,that he doubt not nor misgive6 ,that he heed not from the tomb ,the evil days draw near ,when the nation1 robed in gloom1 ,with its faithless past shall strive4 ,let him never dream that his bullet's scream went wide of its island mark1 ,home to the heart of his darling land where she stumbled and sinned in the dark4 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study ,what is his state1 in line five8 ,how has the soldier been wronged8 ,does the author think that the fight in the ,philippines has not been good8 ,why8 ,what does he mean by the last line of stanza two8 ,what evil days are those mentioned in stanza three8 ,have they come yet8 ,what faithless past is meant8 ,do you think that the ,united ,states has treated the ,philippines unfairly8#ad ,,collateral ,,readings ,gloucester ,moors and ,other ,poems ,william ,vaughn ,mood ,poems and ,plays of ,william ,vaughn ,moody 7#b vols4 ,biographical introduction7 ,john ,m4 ,manley 7,ed47 ,letters of ,william ,vaughn ,moody ,daniel ,mason 7,ed47 ,out of ,gloucester ,j4,b4 ,connolly ,for biography1 criticism1 and portraits of ,william ,vaughn ,moody1 consult3 ,atlantic ,monthly1 #ih3cbf1 ,september1 #aijf2 ,world's ,work1 #ac3 #hbeh1 ,december1 #aijf 7,portrait72 ,century1 #gc3dca 7,portrait72 ,reader1 #aj3agc2 ,bookman1 #cb3bec 7,portrait47 ,,the ,,coon ,,dog ,,sarah ,,orne ,,jewett 7,in ,the ,queen's ,twin and ,other ,stories7 ,i ,in the early dusk of a warm ,september evening the bats were flitting to and fro1 as if it were still summer1 under the great elm that overshadowed ,isaac ,brown's house1 on the ,dipford road4 ,isaac ,brown himself1 and his old friend and neighbor ,john ,york1 were leaning against the fence4 ,frost keeps off late1 don't it8 said ,john ,york4 ,i laughed when ,i first heard about the circus comin'2 ,i thought 'twas so unusual late in the season4 ,turned out well1 however4 ,everybody ,i noticed was returnin' with a palm-leaf fan4 ,guess they found 'em useful under the tent2 'twas a master hot day4 ,i saw old lady ,price with her hands full o' those free advertising fans1 as if she was layin' in a stock against next summer4 ,well1 ,i expect she'll live to enjoy 'em4 ,i was right here where ,i'm standin' now1 and ,i see her as she was goin' by this mornin'1 said ,isaac ,brown1 laughing1 and settling himself comfortably against the fence as if they had chanced upon a welcome subject of conversation4 ,i hailed her1 same's ,i gener'lly do4 ',where are you bound to-day1 ma'am8' says ,i4 ',i'm goin' over as fur as ,dipford ,centre1' says she4 ',i'm goin' to see my poor dear ',liza ,jane4 ,i want to 'suage her grief2 her husband1 ,mr4 ',bijah ,topliff1 has passed away4' ',so much the better1' says ,i4 ',no2 ,i never l'arnt about it till yisterday1' says she2' an' she looked up at me real kind of pleasant1 and begun to laugh4 ',i hear he's left property1' says she1 tryin' to pull her face down solemn4 ,i give her the fifty cents she wanted to borrow to make up her car-fare and other expenses1 an' she stepped off like a girl down tow'ds the depot4 ,this afternoon1 as you know1 ,i'd promised the boys that ,i'd take 'em over to see the menagerie1 and nothin' wouldn't do none of us any good but we must see the circus too2 an' when we'd just got posted on one o' the best high seats1 mother she nudged me1 and ,i looked right down front two1 three rows1 an' if there wa'n't ,mis' ,price1 spectacles an' all1 with her head right up in the air1 havin' the best time you ever see4 ,i laughed right out4 ,she hadn't taken no time to see ',liza ,jane2 she wa'n't 'suagin' no grief for nobody till she'd seen the circus4 ',there1' says ,i1 ',i do like to have anybody keep their young feelin's6' ,mis' ,price come over to see our folks before breakfast1 said ,john ,york4 ,wife said she was inquirin' about the circus1 but she wanted to know first if they couldn't oblige her with a few trinkets o' mournin'1 seein' as how she'd got to pay a mournin' visit4 ,wife thought't was a bosom-pin1 or somethin' like that1 but turned out she wanted the skirt of a dress2 'most anything would do1 she said4 ,i thought she looked extra well startin' off1 said ,isaac1 with an indulgent smile4 ,the ,lord provides very handsome for such1 ,i do declare6 ,she ain't had no visible means o' support these ten or fifteen years back1 but she don't freeze up in winter no more than we do4 ,nor dry up in summer1 interrupted his friend2 ,i never did see such an able hand to talk4 ,she's good company1 and she's obliging an' useful when the women folks have their extra work progressin'1 continued ,isaac ,brown kindly4 ',tain't much for a well-off neighborhood like this to support that old chirpin' cricket4 ,my mother used to say she kind of helped the work along by 'livenin' of it4 ,here she comes now2 must have taken the last train1 after she had supper with ',lizy ,jane4 ,you stay still2 we're goin' to hear all about it4 ,the small1 thin figure of ,mrs4 ,price had to be hailed twice before she could be stopped4 ,i wish you a good evenin'1 neighbors1 she said4 ,i have been to the house of mournin'4 ,find ',liza ,jane in1 after the circus8 asked ,isaac ,brown1 with equal seriousness4 ,excellent show1 wasn't it1 for so late in the season8 ,oh1 beautiful2 it was beautiful1 ,i declare1 answered the pleased spectator readily4 ,why1 ,i didn't see you1 nor ,mis' ,brown4 ,yes2 ,i felt it best to refresh my mind an' wear a cheerful countenance4 ,when ,i see ',liza ,jane ,i was able to divert her mind consid'able4 ,she was glad ,i went4 ,i told her ,i'd made an effort1 knowin' 'twas so she had to lose the a'ternoon4 ',bijah left property1 if he did die away from home on a foreign shore4 ,you don't mean that ',bijah ,topliff's left anything6 exclaimed ,john ,york with interest1 while ,isaac ,brown put both hands deep into his pockets1 and leaned back in a still more satisfactory position against the gatepost4 ,he enjoyed poor health1 answered ,mrs4 ,price1 after a moment of deliberation1 as if she must take time to think4 ',bijah never was one that scattereth1 nor yet increaseth4 ',liza ,jane's got some memories o' the past that's a good deal better than others2 but he died somewheres out in ,connecticut1 or so she heard1 and he's left a very val'able coon dog1--one he set a great deal by4 ',liza ,jane said1 last time he was to home1 he priced that dog at fifty dollars4 ',there1 now1 ',liza ,jane1' says ,i1 right to her1 when she told me1 'if ,i could git fifty dollars for that dog1 ,i certain' would4 ,perhaps some o' the circus folks would like to buy him2 they've taken in a stream o' money this day4' ,but ',liza ,jane ain't never inclined to listen to advice4 ',tis a dreadful poor-spirited-lookin' creatur'4 ,i don't want no right o' dower in him1 myself4 ,a good coon dog's worth somethin'1 certain1 said ,john ,york handsomely4 ,if he is a good coon dog1 added ,isaac ,brown4 ,i wouldn't have parted with old ,rover1 here1 for a good deal of money when he was right in his best days2 but a dog like him's like one of the family4 ,stop an' have some supper1 won't ye1 ,mis' ,price8--as the thin old creature was flitting off again4 ,at that same moment this kind invitation was repeated from the door of the house2 and ,mrs4 ,price turned in1 unprotesting and always sociably inclined1 at the open gate4 ,,ii ,it was a month later1 and a whole autumn's length colder1 when the two men were coming home from a long tramp through the woods4 ,they had been making a solemn inspection of a wood-lot that they owned together1 and had now visited their landmarks and outer boundaries1 and settled the great question of cutting or not cutting some large pines4 ,when it was well decided that a few years' growth would be no disadvantage to the timber1 they had eaten an excellent cold luncheon and rested from their labors4 ,i don't feel a day older'n ever ,i did when ,i get out in the woods this way1 announced ,john ,york1 who was a prim1 dusty-looking little man1 a prudent person1 who had been selectman of the town at least a dozen times4 ,no more do ,i1 agreed his companion1 who was large and jovial and open-handed1 more like a lucky sea-captain than a farmer4 ,after pounding a slender walnut-tree with a heavy stone1 he had succeeded in getting down a pocketful of late-hanging nuts which had escaped the squirrels1 and was now snapping them back1 one by one1 to a venturesome chipmunk among some little frost-bitten beeches4 ,isaac ,brown had a wonderfully pleasant way of getting on with all sorts of animals1 even men4 ,after a while they rose and went their way1 these two companions1 stopping here and there to look at a possible woodchuck's hole1 or to strike a few hopeful blows at a hollow tree with the light axe which ,isaac had carried to blaze new marks on some of the line-trees on the farther edge of their possessions4 ,sometimes they stopped to admire the size of an old hemlock1 or to talk about thinning out the young pines4 ,at last they were not very far from the entrance to the great tract of woodland4 ,the yellow sunshine came slanting in much brighter against the tall trunks1 spotting them with golden light high among the still branches4 ,presently they came to a great ledge1 frost-split and cracked into mysterious crevices4 ,here's where we used to get all the coons1 said ,john ,york4 ,i haven't seen a coon this great while1 spite o' your courage knocking on the trees up back here4 ,you know that night we got the four fat ones8 ,we started 'em somewheres near here1 so the dog could get after 'em when they come out at night to go foragin'4 ,hold on1 ,john2 and ,mr4 ,isaac ,brown got up from the log where he had just sat down to rest1 and went to the ledge1 and looked carefully all about4 ,when he came back he was much excited1 and beckoned his friend away1 speaking in a stage whisper4 ,i guess you'll see a coon before you're much older1 he proclaimed4 ,i've thought it looked lately as if there'd been one about my place1 and there's plenty o' signs here1 right in their old haunts4 ,couple o' hens' heads an' a lot o' feathers-- ,might be a fox1 interrupted ,john ,york4 ,might be a coon1 answered ,mr4 ,isaac ,brown4 ,i'm goin' to have him1 too4 ,i've been lookin' at every old hollow tree ,i passed1 but ,i never thought o' this place4 ,we'll come right off to-morrow night1 ,i guess1 ,john1 an' see if we can't get him4 ',tis an extra handy place for 'em to den2 in old times the folks always called it a good place2 they've been so sca'ce o' these late years that ,i've thought little about 'em4 ,nothin' ,i ever liked so well as a coon-hunt4 ,gorry6 he must be a big old fellow1 by his tracks6 ,see here1 in this smooth dirt2 just like a baby's footmark4 ,trouble is1 we lack a good dog1 said ,john ,york anxiously1 after he had made an eager inspection4 ,i don't know where in the world to get one1 either4 ,there ain't no such a dog about as your ,rover1 but you've let him get spoilt2 these days ,i don't see him leave the yard4 ,you ought to keep the women folks from overfeedin' of him so4 ,he ought to've lasted a good spell longer4 ,he's no use for huntin' now1 that's certain4 ,isaac accepted the rebuke meekly4 ,john ,york was a calm man1 but he now grew very fierce under such a provocation4 ,nobody likes to be hindered in a coon-hunt4 ,oh1 ,rover's too old1 anyway1 explained the affectionate master regretfully4 ,i've been wishing all this afternoon ,i'd brought him2 but ,i didn't think anything about him as we came away1 ,i've got so used to seeing him layin' about the yard4 ',twould have been a real treat for old ,rover1 if he could have kept up4 ,used to be at my heels the whole time4 ,he couldn't follow us1 anyway1 up here4 ,i shouldn't wonder if he could1 insisted ,john1 with a humorous glance at his old friend1 who was much too heavy and huge of girth for quick transit over rough ground4 ,john ,york himself had grown lighter as he had grown older4 ,i'll tell you one thing we could do1 he hastened to suggest4 ,there's that dog of ',bijah ,topliff's4 ,don't you know the old lady told us1 that day she went over to ,dipford1 how high he was valued8 ,most o' ',bijah's important business was done in the fall1 goin' out by night1 gunning with fellows from the mills4 ,he was just the kind of a worthless do-nothing that's sure to have an extra knowin' smart dog4 ,i expect ',liza ,jane's got him now4 ,perhaps we could get him by to-morrow night4 ,let one o' my boys go over6 ,why1 ',liza ,jane's come1 bag an' baggage1 to spend the winter with her mother1 exclaimed ,isaac ,brown1 springing to his feet like a boy4 ,i've had it in mind to tell you two or three times this afternoon1 and then something else has flown it out of my head4 ,i let my ,john ,henry take the long-tailed wagon an' go down to the depot this mornin' to fetch her an' her goods up4 ,the old lady come in early1 while we were to breakfast1 and to hear her lofty talk you'd thought 't would taken a couple o' four-horse teams to move her4 ,i told ,john ,henry he might take that wagon and fetch up what light stuff he could1 and see how much else there was1 an' then ,i'd make further arrangements4 ,she said ',liza ,jane'd see me well satisfied1 an' rode off1 pleased to death4 ,i see 'em returnin' about eight1 after the train was in4 ,they'd got ',liza ,jane with 'em1 smaller'n ever2 and there was a trunk tied up with a rope1 and a small roll o' beddin' and braided mats1 and a quilted rockin'-chair4 ,the old lady was holdin' on tight to a bird-cage with nothin' in it4 ,yes2 an' ,i see the dog1 too1 in behind4 ,he appeared kind of timid4 ,he's a yaller dog1 but he ain't stump-tailed4 ,they hauled up out front o' the house1 and mother an' ,i went right out2 ,mis' ,price always expects to have notice taken4 ,she was in great sperits4 ,said ',liza ,jane concluded to sell off most of her stuff rather 'n have the care of it4 ,she'd told the folks that ,mis' ,topliff had a beautiful sofa and a lot o' nice chairs1 and two framed pictures that would fix up the house complete1 and invited us all to come over and see 'em4 ,there1 she seemed just as pleased returnin' with the bird-cage4 ,disappointments don't appear to trouble her no more than a butterfly4 ,i kind of like the old creator'2 ,i don't mean to see her want4 ,they'll let us have the dog1 said ,john ,york4 ,i don't know but ,i'll give a quarter for him1 and we'll let 'em have a good piece o' the coon4 ,you really comin' 'way up here by night1 coon-huntin'8 asked ,isaac ,brown1 looking reproachfully at his more agile comrade4 ,i be1 answered ,john ,york4 ,i was dre'tful afraid you was only talking1 and might back out1 returned the cheerful heavy-weight1 with a chuckle4 ,now we've got things all fixed1 ,i feel more like it than ever4 ,i tell you there's just boy enough left inside of me4 ,i'll clean up my old gun to-morrow mornin'1 and you look right after your'n4 ,i dare say the boys have took good care of 'em for us1 but they don't know what we do about huntin'1 and we'll bring 'em all along and show 'em a little fun4 ,all right1 said ,john ,york1 as soberly as if they were going to look after a piece of business for the town2 and they gathered up the axe and other light possessions1 and started toward home4 ,,iii ,the two friends1 whether by accident or design1 came out of the woods some distance from their own houses1 but very near to the low-storied little gray dwelling of ,mrs4 ,price4 ,they crossed the pasture1 and climbed over the toppling fence at the foot of her small sandy piece of land1 and knocked at the door4 ,there was a light already in the kitchen4 ,mrs4 ,price and ,eliza ,jane ,topliff appeared at once1 eagerly hospitable4 ,anybody sick8 asked ,mrs4 ,price1 with instant sympathy4 ,nothin' happened1 ,i hope8 ,oh1 no1 said both the men4 ,we came to talk about hiring your dog to-morrow night1 explained ,isaac ,brown1 feeling for the moment amused at his eager errand4 ,we got on track of a coon just now1 up in the woods1 and we thought we'd give our boys a little treat4 ,you shall have fifty cents1 an' welcome1 and a good piece o' the coon4 ,yes1 ,square ,brown2 we can let you have the dog as well as not1 interrupted ,mrs4 ,price1 delighted to grant a favor4 ,poor departed ',bijah1 he set everything by him as a coon dog4 ,he always said a dog's capital was all in his reputation4 ,you'll have to be dreadful careful an' not lose him1 urged ,mrs4 ,topliff ,yes1 sir2 he's a proper coon dog as ever walked the earth1 but he's terrible weak-minded about followin' 'most anybody4 ',bijah used to travel off twelve or fourteen miles after him to git him back1 when he wa'n't able4 ,somebody'd speak to him decent1 or fling a whip-lash as they drove by1 an' off he'd canter on three legs right after the wagon4 ,but ',bijah said he wouldn't trade him for no coon dog he ever was acquainted with4 ,trouble is1 coons is awful sca'ce4 ,i guess he ain't out o' practice1 said ,john ,york amiably2 ,i guess he'll know when he strikes the coon4 ,come1 ,isaac1 we must be gittin' along tow'ds home4 ,i feel like eatin' a good supper4 ,you tie him up to-morrow afternoon1 so we shall be sure to have him1 he turned to say to ,mrs4 ,price1 who stood smiling at the door4 ,land sakes1 dear1 he won't git away2 you'll find him right there betwixt the wood-box and the stove1 where he is now4 ,hold the light1 ',liza ,jane2 they can't see their way out to the road4 ,i'll fetch him over to ye in good season1 she called out1 by way of farewell2 'twill save ye third of a mile extra walk4 ,no1 ',liza ,jane2 you'll let me do it1 if you please4 ,i've got a mother's heart4 ,the gentlemen will excuse us for showin' feelin'4 ,you're all the child ,i've got1 an' your prosperity is the same as mine4 ,,iv ,the great night of the coon-hunt was frosty and still1 with only a dim light from the new moon4 ,john ,york and his boys1 and ,isaac ,brown1 whose excitement was very great1 set forth across the fields toward the dark woods4 ,the men seemed younger and gayer than the boys4 ,there was a burst of laughter when ,john ,henry ,brown and his little brother appeared with the coon dog of the late ,mr4 ,abijah ,topliff1 which had promptly run away home again after ,mrs4 ,price had coaxed him over in the afternoon4 ,the captors had tied a string round his neck1 at which they pulled vigorously from time to time to urge him forward4 ,perhaps he found the night too cold2 at any rate1 he stopped short in the frozen furrows every few minutes1 lifting one foot and whining a little4 ,half a dozen times he came near to tripping up ,mr4 ,isaac ,brown and making him fall at full length4 ,poor ,tiger6 poor ,tiger6 said the good-natured sportsman1 when somebody said that the dog didn't act as if he were much used to being out by night4 ,he'll be all right when he once gets track of the coon4 ,but when they were fairly in the woods1 ,tiger's distress was perfectly genuine4 ,the long rays of light from the old-fashioned lanterns of pierced tin went wheeling round and round1 making a tall ghost of every tree1 and strange shadows went darting in and out behind the pines4 ,the woods were like an interminable pillared room where the darkness made a high ceiling4 ,the clean frosty smell of the open fields was changed for a warmer air1 damp with the heavy odor of moss and fallen leaves4 ,there was something wild and delicious in the forest in that hour of night4 ,the men and boys tramped on silently in single file1 as if they followed the flickering light instead of carrying it4 ,the dog fell back by instinct1 as did his companions1 into the easy familiarity of forest life4 ,he ran beside them1 and watched eagerly as they chose a safe place to leave a coat or two and a basket4 ,he seemed to be an affectionate dog1 now that he had made acquaintance with his masters4 ,seems to me he don't exactly know what he's about1 said one of the ,york boys scornfully2 we must have struck that coon's track somewhere1 comin' in4 ,we'll get through talkin' an' heap up a little somethin' for a fire1 if you'll turn to and help1 said his father4 ,i've always noticed that nobody can give so much good advice about a piece o' work as a new hand4 ,when you've treed as many coons as your ,uncle ,brown an' me1 you won't feel so certain4 ,isaac1 you be the one to take the dog up round the ledge1 there4 ,he'll scent the coon quick enough then4 ,we'll tend to this part o' the business4 ,you may come too1 ,john ,henry1 said the indulgent father1 and they set off together silently with the coon dog4 ,he followed well enough now2 his tail and ears were drooping even more than usual1 but he whimpered along as bravely as he could1 much excited1 at ,john ,henry's heels1 like one of those great soldiers who are all unnerved until the battle is well begun4 ,a minute later the father and son came hurrying back1 breathless1 and stumbling over roots and bushes4 ,the fire was already lighted1 and sending a great glow higher and higher among the trees4 ,he's off6 ,he's struck a track6 ,he was off like a major6 wheezed ,mr4 ,isaac ,brown4 ,which way'd he go8 asked everybody4 ,right out toward the fields4 ,like's not the old fellow was just starting after more of our fowls4 ,i'm glad we come early1--he can't have got far yet4 ,we can't do nothin' but wait now1 boys4 ,i'll set right down here4 ,soon as the coon trees1 you'll hear the dog sing1 now ,i tell you6 said ,john ,york1 with great enthusiasm4 ,that night your father an' me got those four busters we've told you about1 they come right back here to the ledge4 ,i don't know but they will now4 ',twas a dreadful cold night1 ,i know4 ,we didn't get home till past three o'clock in the mornin'1 either4 ,you remember1 don't you1 ,isaac8 ,i do1 said ,isaac4 ,how old ,rover worked that night6 ,couldn't see out of his eyes1 nor hardly wag his clever old tail1 for two days2 thorns in both his fore paws1 and the last coon took a piece right out of his off shoulder4 ,why didn't you let ,rover come to-night1 father8 asked the younger boy4 ,i think he knew somethin' was up4 ,he was jumpin' round at a great rate when ,i come out of the yard4 ,i didn't know but he might make trouble for the other dog1 answered ,isaac1 after a moment's silence4 ,he felt almost disloyal to the faithful creature1 and had been missing him all the way4 ,sh6 there's a bark6 ,and they all stopped to listen4 ,the fire was leaping higher2 they all sat near it1 listening and talking by turns4 ,there is apt to be a good deal of waiting in a coon-hunt4 ,if ,rover was young as he used to be1 ,i'd resk him to tree any coon that ever run1 said the regretful master4 ,this smart creature o' ,topliff's can't beat him1 ,i know4 ,the poor old fellow's eyesight seems to be going4 ,two--three times he's run out at me right in broad day1 an' barked when ,i come up the yard toward the house1 and ,i did pity him dreadfully2 he was so 'shamed when he found out what he'd done4 ,rover's a dog that's got an awful lot o' pride4 ,he went right off out behind the long barn the last time1 and wouldn't come in for nobody when they called him to supper till ,i went out myself and made it up with him4 ,no2 he can't see very well now1 ,rover can't4 ,he's heavy1 too2 he's got too unwieldy to tackle a smart coon1 ,i expect1 even if he could do the tall runnin' said ,john ,york1 with sympathy4 ,they have to get a master grip with their teeth through a coon's thick pelt this time o' year4 ,no2 the young folks get all the good chances after a while2 and he looked round indulgently at the chubby faces of his boys1 who fed the fire1 and rejoiced in being promoted to the society of their elders on equal terms4 ,ain't it time we heard from the dog8 ,and they all listened1 while the fire snapped and the sap whistled in some green sticks4 ,i hear him1 said ,john ,henry suddenly2 and faint and far away there came the sound of a desperate bark4 ,there is a bark that means attack1 and there is a bark that means only foolish excitement4 ,they ain't far off6 said ,isaac4 ,my gracious1 he's right after him6 ,i don't know's ,i expected that poor-looking dog to be so smart4 ,you can't tell by their looks4 ,quick as he scented the game up here in the rocks1 off he put4 ,perhaps it ain't any matter if they ain't stump-tailed1 long's they're yaller dogs4 ,he didn't look heavy enough to me4 ,i tell you1 he means business4 ,hear that bark6 ,they all bark alike after a coon4 ,john ,york was as excited as anybody4 ,git the guns laid out to hand1 boys2 ,i told you we'd ought to follow6 he commanded4 ,if it's the old fellow that belongs here1 he may put in any minute4 ,but there was again a long silence and state of suspense2 the chase had turned another way4 ,there were faint distant yaps4 ,the fire burned low and fell together with a shower of sparks4 ,the smaller boys began to grow chilly and sleepy1 when there was a thud and rustle and snapping of twigs close at hand1 then the gasp of a breathless dog4 ,two dim shapes rushed by2 a shower of bark fell1 and a dog began to sing at the foot of the great twisted pine not fifty feet away4 ,hooray for ,tiger6 yelled the boys2 but the dog's voice filled all the woods4 ,it might have echoed to the mountain-tops4 ,there was the old coon2 they could all see him half-way up the tree1 flat to the great limb4 ,they heaped the fire with dry branches till it flared high4 ,now they lost him in a shadow as he twisted about the tree4 ,john ,york fired1 and ,isaac ,brown fired1 and the boys took a turn at the guns1 while ,john ,henry started to climb a neighboring oak2 but at last it was ,isaac who brought the coon to ground with a lucky shot1 and the dog stopped his deafening bark and frantic leaping in the underbrush1 and after an astonishing moment of silence crept out1 a proud victor1 to his prouder master's feet4 ,goodness alive1 who's this8 ,good for you1 old handsome6 ,why1 ,i'll be hanged if it ain't old ,rover1 boys2 it's old ,rover6 ,but ,isaac could not speak another word4 ,they all crowded round the wistful1 clumsy old dog1 whose eyes shone bright1 though his breath was all gone4 ,each man patted him1 and praised him and said they ought to have mistrusted all the time that it could be nobody but he4 ,it was some minutes before ,isaac ,brown could trust himself to do anything but pat the sleek old head that was always ready to his hand4 ,he must have overheard us talkin'2 ,i guess he'd have come if he'd dropped dead half-way1 proclaimed ,john ,henry1 like a prince of the reigning house2 and ,rover wagged his tail as if in honest assent1 as he lay at his master's side4 ,they sat together1 while the fire was brightened again to make a good light for the coon-hunt supper2 and ,rover had a good half of everything that found its way into his master's hand4 ,it was toward midnight when the triumphal procession set forth toward home1 with the two lanterns1 across the fields4 ,v ,the next morning was bright and warm after the hard frost of the night before4 ,old ,rover was asleep on the doorstep in the sun1 and his master stood in the yard1 and saw neighbor ,price come along the road in her best array1 with a gay holiday air4 ,well1 now1 she said eagerly1 you wa'n't out very late last night1 was you8 ,i got up myself to let ,tiger in4 ,he come home1 all beat out1 about a quarter past nine4 ,i expect you hadn't no kind o' trouble gittin' the coon4 ,the boys was tellin' me he weighed 'most thirty pounds4 ,oh1 no kind o' trouble1 said ,isaac1 keeping the great secret gallantly4 ,you got the things ,i sent over this mornin'8 ,bless your heart1 yes6 ,i'd a sight rather have all that good pork an' potatoes than any o' your wild meat1 said ,mrs4 ,price1 smiling with prosperity4 ,you see1 now1 ',liza ,jane she's given in4 ,she didn't re'lly know but 'twas all talk of ',bijah 'bout that dog's bein' wuth fifty dollars4 ,she says she can't cope with a huntin' dog same's he could1 an' she's given me the money you an' ,john ,york sent over this mornin'2 an' ,i didn't know but what you'd lend me another half a dollar1 so ,i could both go to ,dipford ,centre an' return1 an' see if ,i couldn't make a sale o' ,tiger right over there where they all know about him4 ,it's right in the coon season2 now's my time1 ain't it8 ,well1 gettin' a little late1 said ,isaac1 shaking with laughter as he took the desired sum of money out of his pocket4 ,he seems to be a clever dog round the house4 ,i don't know's ,i want to harbor him all winter1 answered the excursionist frankly1 striking into a good traveling gait as she started off toward the railroad station4 ,,notes ,dipford3--,the ,new ,england town in which the scenes of some of ,miss ,jewett's stories are laid4 master hot3--,in the ,new ,england dialect1 master is used in the sense of very or extremely4 bosom-pin3--,mourning pins of jet or black enamel were much worn in times past4 'suage3--,assuage1 meaning to soften or decrease4 selectman3--,one of a board chosen in ,new ,england towns to transact the business of the community4 scattereth nor yet increaseth3--,see ,proverbs1 #aa3bd4 right o' dower3--,the right to claim a part of a deceased husband's property4 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study ,the action takes place in a country district in ,new ,england4 ,judging by the remarks about the fans1 what kind of person do you suppose ,old ,lady ,price to be8 ,is there any particular meaning in the word to-day8 ,how is ',liza ,jane related to ,mrs4 ,price8 ,what was the character of ,mr4 ',bijah ,topliff8 ,does the old lady feel grieved at his death8 ,what does ,isaac mean by such1 in the last line1 page #aij8 ,how does the old lady live8 ,what is shown of her character when she is called a chirpin' old cricket8 ,does she feel ashamed of having gone to the circus8 ,how does she explain her going8 ,what can you tell of ',bijah from what is said of ',liza's memories8 ,would the circus people have cared to buy the dog8 ,notice how the author makes you feel the pleasantness of the walk in the woods4 ,do you know where coons have their dens8 ,how does ,isaac show his affection for old ,rover8 ,is it true that worthless do-nothings usually have smart dogs8 ,why does the author stop to tell all about ',liza ,jane's arrival8 ,what light is thrown on the old lady's character by ,isaac's words beginning1 ,disappointments don't appear to trouble her8 ,are the men very anxious to give the boys a treat8 ,why does the old lady call ,mr4 ,york dear8 ,what is meant by the last five lines of ,part ,,iii8 ,what sort of dog is ,tiger8 ,what is meant by soon as the coon trees8 ,how does the author tell you of old ,rover's defects8 ,what person would you like to have shoot the coon at last8 ,why could ,isaac ,brown not trust himself to speak8 ,do you think old ,rover overheard them talking1 as ,john ,henry suggests8 ,how does the author let you into the secret of ,tiger's behavior8 ,why does ,isaac not tell the old lady which dog treed the coon8 ,what does he mean by saying that ,tiger is a clever dog round the house8 ,do you think that ,mrs4 ,price succeeded in getting fifty dollars for the dog8 ,why does the author not tell whether she does or not8 ,try to put into your own words a summing up of the old lady's character4 ,tell what you think of the two old men4 ,do you like the use of dialect in this story8 ,would it have been better if the people had all spoken good ,english8 ,why1 or why not8 ,,theme ,,subjects ,hunting for ,squirrels ,an ,intelligent ,dog ,a ,night in the ,woods ,an ,old ,man ,tracking ,rabbits ,borrowers ,the ,circus ,old ,lady ,price ,a ,group of ,odd ,characters ,raccoons ,opossums ,the ,tree-dwellers ,around the ,fire ,how to ,make a ,camp ,fire ,the ,picnic ,lunch ,an ,interesting ,old ,lady ,,suggestions ,,for ,,writing ,try to write a theme in which uneducated people talk as they do in real life2 as far as possible1 fit every person's speech to his character4 ,below are given some suggestions for this work3 ,mrs4 ,wicks borrows ,mrs4 ,hall's flat-irons4 ,two or three country children quarrel over a hen's nest4 ,the family get ready to go to the ,sunday ,school picnic4 ,sammie tells his parents that he has been whipped at school4 ,two old men talk about the crops4 ,one of the pigs gets out of the pen4 ,two boys go hunting4 ,the farmer has just come back from town4 ,mrs4 ,robbins describes the moving-picture show4 ,an ,intelligent ,dog3--,tell who owns the dog1 and how much you have had opportunity to observe him4 ,describe him as vividly as possible4 ,give some incidents that show his intelligence4 ,perhaps you can make a story out of this1 giving the largest amount of space to an event in which the dog accomplished some notable thing1 as protecting property1 bringing help in time of danger1 or saving his master's life4 ,in this case1 try to tell some of the story by means of conversation1 as ,miss ,jewett does4 ,an ,interesting ,old ,lady3--,tell where you saw the old lady2 or1 if you know her well1 explain the nature of your acquaintance with her4 ,describe her rather fully1 telling how she looks and what she wears4 ,how does she walk and talk8 ,what is her chief occupation8 ,if possible1 quote some of her remarks in her own words4 ,tell some incidents in which she figures4 ,try to bring out her most interesting qualities1 so that the reader can see them for himself4 ,,collateral ,,readings ,dogs and ,men ,h4,c4 ,merwin ,stickeen3 ,the ,story of ,john ,muir ,another ,dog 7in ,a ,gentleman ,vagabond7 ,f4,h4 ,smith ,the ,sporting ,dog ,joseph ,a4 ,graham ,dogtown ,mabel ,osgood ,wright ,bob1 ,son of ,battle ,alfred ,ollivant ,a ,boy ,i ,knew and ,four ,dogs ,laurence ,hutton ,a ,boy ,i ,knew and ,some ,more ,dogs ,a ,dog of ,flanders ,louise de la ,rame ,the ,call of the ,wild ,jack ,london ,white ,fang ,my ,dogs in the ,northland ,e4,r4 ,young ,dogs of all ,nations ,c4,j4 ,miller ,leo 7poem7 ,r4,w4 ,gilder ,greyfriar's ,bobby ,eleanor ,atkinson ,the ,biography of a ,silver ,fox ,e4,s4 ,thompson ,our ,friend the ,dog 7trans47 ,maurice ,maeterlinck ,following the ,deer ,w4,j4 ,long ,the ,trail of the ,sand-hill ,stag ,ernest ,thompson ,seton ,lives of the ,hunted ,the ,wilderness ,hunter ,theodore ,roosevelt ,a ,watcher in the ,woods ,dallas ,lore ,sharp ,wild ,life near ,home ,the ,watchers of the ,trails ,c4,g4,d4 ,roberts ,kindred of the ,wild ,little ,people of the ,sycamore ,the ,haunters of the ,silences ,squirrels and other ,fur-bearers ,john ,burroughs ,my ,woodland ,intimates ,e4 ,bignell ,stories of old people3-- ,aged ,folk 7in ,letters from my ,mill7 ,alphonse ,daudet ,green ,island 7chapter #h of ,the ,country of the ,pointed ,firs7 ,sarah ,orne ,jewett ,aunt ,cynthy ,dallett ,the ,failure of ,david ,berry ,a ,church ,mouse ,mary ,e4 ,wilkins-,freeman ,a ,white ,heron and ,other ,stories ,sarah ,orne ,jewett ,tales of ,new ,england ,the ,country of the ,pointed ,firs ,a ,country ,doctor ,deephaven ,the ,queen's ,twin and ,other ,stories ,the ,king of ,folly ,island and ,other ,people ,a ,marsh ,island ,the ,tory ,lover ,a ,native of ,winby and ,other ,tales ,betty ,leicester's ,christmas ,betty ,leicester ,country ,by-ways ,letters of ,sarah ,orne ,jewett ,mrs4 ,james ,t4 ,fields 7,ed47 ,for ,biographies and criticisms of ,miss ,jewett1 see3 ,atlantic ,monthly1 #id3dhe2 ,critic1 #ci3bib1 ,october1 #aija 7,portrait72 ,new ,england ,magazine1 #bb3gcg1 ,august1 #aijj2 ,outlook1 #fi3dbc2 ,bookman1 #cd3bba 7,portrait74 ,,on ,,the ,,life-,,mask ,,of ,,abraham ,,lincoln ,,richard ,,watson ,,gilder ,this bronze doth keep the very form and mold ,of our great martyr's face4 ,yes1 this is he3 ,that brow all wisdom1 all benignity2 ,that human1 humorous mouth2 those cheeks that hold ,like some harsh landscape all the summer's gold2 ,that spirit fit for sorrow1 as the sea ,for storms to beat on2 the lone agony ,those silent1 patient lips too well foretold4 ,yes1 this is he who ruled a world of men ,as might some prophet of the elder day-- ,brooding above the tempest and the fray ,with deep-eyed thought and more than mortal ken4 ,a power was his beyond the touch of art ,or armd strength--his pure and mighty heart4 ,,notes the life-mask3--,the life-mask of ,abraham ,lincoln was made by ,leonard ,w4 ,volk1 in ,chicago1 in ,april1 #ahfj4 ,a good picture of it is given as the frontispiece to ,volume #d of ,nicolay and ,hay's ,abraham ,lincoln1 ,a ,history4 this bronze3--,a life-mask is made of plaster first2 then usually it is cast in bronze4 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study ,this is not difficult to understand4 ,read it over slowly1 trying first to get the meaning of each sentence as if it were prose4 ,you may have to read it several times before you see the exact meaning of each part4 ,when you have mastered it1 read it through consecutively1 thinking of what it tells about ,lincoln4 ,this poem is1 as you may know1 a sonnet4 ,notice the number of lines1 the meter1 and the rhyme-scheme1 referring to page #aci for a review of the sonnet form4 ,notice how the thought changes at the ninth line4 ,find a sonnet in one of the good current magazines4 ,how can you recognize it8 ,read it carefully4 ,if it is appropriate1 bring it to class1 and read and explain it to your classmates4 ,why has the sonnet form been used so much by poets8 ,if you can find it1 read the sonnet on ,the ,sonnet1 by ,richard ,watson ,gilder4 ,,collateral ,,readings ,for references on ,lincoln1 see pages #ej and #ea4 ,for portraits of ,richard ,watson ,gilder1 and biographical material1 consult3 ,current ,literature1 #da3cai 7,portrait72 ,review of ,reviews1 #cd3 #dia 7,portrait72 ,nation1 #hi3eai2 ,dial1 #dg3dda2 ,harper's ,weekly1 #ec3f2 ,world's ,work1 #ag3aabic 7,portrait72 ,craftsman1 #af3acj1 ,may1 #aiji 7,portrait72 ,outlook1 #ic3fhi 7,portrait74 ,for references to material on the sonnet1 see page #adj4 ,a ,,fire ,,among ,,the ,,giants ,,john ,,muir 7,from ,our ,national ,parks7 ,in the forest between the ,middle and ,east forks of the ,kaweah1 ,i met a great fire1 and as fire is the master scourge and controller of the distribution of trees1 ,i stopped to watch it and learn what ,i could of its works and ways with the giants4 ,it came racing up the steep chaparral-covered slopes of the ,east ,fork caon with passionate enthusiasm in a broad cataract of flames1 now bending down low to feed on the green bushes1 devouring acres of them at a breath1 now towering high in the air as if looking abroad to choose a way1 then stooping to feed again1--the lurid flapping surges and the smoke and terrible rushing and roaring hiding all that is gentle and orderly in the work4 ,but as soon as the deep forest was reached1 the ungovernable flood became calm like a torrent entering a lake1 creeping and spreading beneath the trees where the ground was level or sloped gently1 slowly nibbling the cake of compressed needles and scales with flames an inch high1 rising here and there to a foot or two on dry twigs and clumps of small bushes and brome grass4 ,only at considerable intervals were fierce bonfires lighted1 where heavy branches broken off by snow had accumulated1 or around some venerable giant whose head had been stricken off by lightning4 ,i tethered ,brownie on the edge of a little meadow beside a stream a good safe way off1 and then cautiously chose a camp for myself in a big stout hollow trunk not likely to be crushed by the fall of burning trees1 and made a bed of ferns and boughs in it4 ,the night1 however1 and the strange wild fireworks were too beautiful and exciting to allow much sleep4 ,there was no danger of being chased and hemmed in2 for in the main forest belt of the ,sierra1 even when swift winds are blowing1 fires seldom or never sweep over the trees in broad all-embracing sheets as they do in the dense ,rocky ,mountain woods and in those of the ,cascade ,mountains of ,oregon and ,washington4 ,here they creep from tree to tree with tranquil deliberation1 allowing close observation1 though caution is required in venturing around the burning giants to avoid falling limbs and knots and fragments from dead shattered tops4 ,though the day was best for study1 ,i sauntered about night after night1 learning what ,i could1 and admiring the wonderful show vividly displayed in the lonely darkness1 the ground-fire advancing in long crooked lines gently grazing and smoking on the close-pressed leaves1 springing up in thousands of little jets of pure flame on dry tassels and twigs1 and tall spires and flat sheets with jagged flapping edges dancing here and there on grass tufts and bushes1 big bonfires blazing in perfect storms of energy where heavy branches mixed with small ones lay smashed together in hundred cord piles1 big red arches between spreading root-swells and trees growing close together1 huge fire-mantled trunks on the hill slopes glowing like bars of hot iron1 violet-colored fire running up the tall trees1 tracing the furrows of the bark in quick quivering rills1 and lighting magnificent torches on dry shattered tops1 and ever and anon1 with a tremendous roar and burst of light1 young trees clad in low-descending feathery branches vanishing in one flame two or three hundred feet high4 ,one of the most impressive and beautiful sights was made by the great fallen trunks lying on the hillsides all red and glowing like colossal iron bars fresh from a furnace1 two hundred feet long some of them1 and ten to twenty feet thick4 ,after repeated burnings have consumed the bark and sapwood1 the sound charred surface1 being full of cracks and sprinkled with leaves1 is quickly overspread with a pure1 rich1 furred1 ruby glow almost flameless and smokeless1 producing a marvelous effect in the night4 ,another grand and interesting sight are the fires on the tops of the largest living trees flaming above the green branches at a height of perhaps two hundred feet1 entirely cut off from the ground-fires1 and looking like signal beacons on watch towers4 ,from one standpoint ,i sometimes saw a dozen or more1 those in the distance looking like great stars above the forest roof4 ,at first ,i could not imagine how these ,sequoia lamps were lighted1 but the very first night1 strolling about waiting and watching1 ,i saw the thing done again and again4 ,the thick fibrous bark of old trees is divided by deep1 nearly continuous furrows1 the sides of which are bearded with the bristling ends of fibres broken by the growth swelling of the trunk1 and when the fire comes creeping around the feet of the trees1 it runs up these bristly furrows in lovely pale blue quivering1 bickering rills of flame with a low1 earnest whispering sound to the lightning-shattered top of the trunk1 which1 in the dry ,indian summer1 with perhaps leaves and twigs and squirrel-gnawed cone-scales and seed-wings lodged in it1 is readily ignited4 ,these lamp-lighting rills1 the most beautiful fire-streams ,i ever saw1 last only a minute or two1 but the big lamps burn with varying brightness for days and weeks1 throwing off sparks like the spray of a fountain1 while ever and anon a shower of red coals comes sifting down through the branches1 followed at times with startling effect by a big burned-off chunk weighing perhaps half a ton4 ,the immense bonfires where fifty or a hundred cords of peeled1 split1 smashed wood has been piled around some old giant by a single stroke of lightning is another grand sight in the night4 ,the light is so great ,i found ,i could read common print three hundred yards from them1 and the illumination of the circle of onlooking trees is indescribably impressive4 ,other big fires1 roaring and booming like waterfalls1 were blazing on the upper sides of trees on hillslopes1 against which limbs broken off by heavy snow had rolled1 while branches high overhead1 tossed and shaken by the ascending air current1 seemed to be writhing in pain4 ,perhaps the most startling phenomenon of all was the quick death of childlike ,sequoias only a century or two of age4 ,in the midst of the other comparatively slow and steady fire work one of these tall1 beautiful saplings1 leafy and branchy1 would be seen blazing up suddenly1 all in one heaving1 booming1 passionate flame reaching from the ground to the top of the tree1 and fifty to a hundred feet or more above it1 with a smoke column bending forward and streaming away on the upper1 free-flowing wind4 ,to burn these green trees a strong fire of dry wood beneath them is required1 to send up a current of air hot enough to distill inflammable gases from the leaves and sprays2 then instead of the lower limbs gradually catching fire and igniting the next and the next in succession1 the whole tree seems to explode almost simultaneously1 and with awful roaring and throbbing a round1 tapering flame shoots up two or three hundred feet1 and in a second or two is quenched1 leaving the green spire a black1 dead mast1 bristled and roughened with down-curling boughs4 ,nearly all the trees that have been burned down are lying with their heads up hill1 because they are burned far more deeply on the upper side1 on account of broken limbs rolling down against them to make hot fires1 while only leaves and twigs accumulate on the lower side and are quickly consumed without injury to the tree4 ,but green1 resinless ,sequoia wood burns very slowly1 and many successive fires are required to burn down a large tree4 ,fires can run only at intervals of several years1 and when the ordinary amount of fire-wood that has rolled against the gigantic trunk is consumed1 only a shallow scar is made1 which is slowly deepened by recurring fires until far beyond the centre of gravity1 and when at last the tree falls1 it of course falls up hill4 ,the healing folds of wood layers on some of the deeply burned trees show that centuries have elapsed since the last wounds were made4 ,when a great ,sequoia falls1 its head is smashed into fragments about as small as those made by lightning1 which are mostly devoured by the first running1 hunting fire that finds them1 while the trunk is slowly wasted away by centuries of fire and weather4 ,one of the most interesting fire-actions on the trunk is the boring of those great tunnel-like hollows through which horsemen may gallop4 ,all of these famous hollows are burned out of the solid wood1 for no ,sequoia is ever hollowed by decay4 ,when the tree falls1 the brash trunk is often broken straight across into sections as if sawed2 into these joints the fire creeps1 and1 on account of the great size of the broken ends1 burns for weeks or even months without being much influenced by the weather4 ,after the great glowing ends fronting each other have burned so far apart that their rims cease to burn1 the fire continues to work on in the centres1 and the ends become deeply concave4 ,then heat being radiated from side to side1 the burning goes on in each section of the trunk independent of the other1 until the diameter of the bore is so great that the heat radiated across from side to side is not sufficient to keep them burning4 ,it appears1 therefore1 that only very large trees can receive the fire-auger and have any shell-rim left4 ,fire attacks the large trees only at the ground1 consuming the fallen leaves and humus at their feet1 doing them but little harm unless considerable quantities of fallen limbs happen to be piled about them1 their thick mail of spongy1 unpitchy1 almost unburnable bark affording strong protection4 ,therefore the oldest and most perfect unscarred trees are found on ground that is nearly level1 while those growing on hillsides1 against which fallen branches roll1 are always deeply scarred on the upper side1 and as we have seen are sometimes burned down4 ,the saddest thing of all was to see the hopeful seedlings1 many of them crinkled and bent with the pressure of winter snow1 yet bravely aspiring at the top1 helplessly perishing1 and young trees1 perfect spires of verdure and naturally immortal1 suddenly changed to dead masts4 ,yet the sun looked cheerily down the openings in the forest roof1 turning the black smoke to a beautiful brown as if all was for the best4 ,,notes ,kaweah3--,a river in ,california1 which runs through the ,sequoia ,national ,park4 ,brownie3--,a small donkey which ,mr4 ,muir had brought along to carry his pack of blankets and provisions4 7,see pp4 #bhe1 #bhf of ,our ,national ,parks47 humus3--,vegetable mold4 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study ,in #ahge1 ,mr4 ,muir spent some weeks in the ,sequoia forests1 learning what he could of the life and death of the giant trees4 ,this selection is from his account of his experiences4 ,how does the author make you feel the fierceness of the fire8 ,why does it become calmer when it enters the forest8 ,would most people care to linger in a burning forest8 ,what is shown by ,mr4 ,muir's willingness to stay8 ,note the vividness of the passage beginning ,though the day was best3 ,how does the author manage to make it so clear8 ,might this passage be differently punctuated1 with advantage8 ,what is the value of the figure like colossal iron bars8 ,note the vivid words in the passage beginning ,the thick and ending with half a ton4 ,what do you think of the expressions onlooking trees1 and childlike ,sequoias8 ,explain why the burned trees fall up hill4 ,go through the selection and pick out the words that show action2 color2 sound4 ,try to state clearly the reasons why this selection is clear and picturesque4 ,,theme ,,subjects ,the ,forest ,fire ,a ,group of ,large ,trees ,felling a ,tree ,a ,fire in the ,country ,a ,fire in the ,city ,alone in the ,woods ,the ,woodsman ,in the ,woods ,camping ,out for the ,night ,by-products of the ,forest ,a ,tree ,struck by ,lightning ,a ,famous ,student of ,nature ,planting ,trees ,the ,duties of a ,forest ,ranger ,the ,lumber ,camp ,a ,fire at ,night ,learning to ,observe ,the ,conservation of the ,forests ,the ,pine ,ravages of the ,paper ,mill ,,suggestions ,,for ,,writing ,a ,fire at ,night3--,if possible1 found this theme on actual observation and experience4 ,tell of your first knowledge of the fire--the smoke and the flame1 or the ringing of bells and the shouting4 ,from what point of view did you see the fire8 ,tell how it looked when you first saw it4 ,use words of color and action1 as ,mr4 ,muir does4 ,perhaps you can make your description vivid by means of sound-words4 ,tell what people did and what they said4 ,did you hear anything said by the owners of the property that was burning8 ,go on and trace the progress of the fire1 describing its change in volume and color4 ,try at all times to make your reader see the beauty and fierceness and destructiveness of the fire4 ,you might close your theme with the putting out of the fire1 or perhaps you will prefer to speak of the appearance of the ruins by daylight4 ,when you have finished your theme1 read it over1 and see where you can touch it up to make it clearer and more impressive4 ,read again some of the most brilliant passages in ,mr4 ,muir's description1 and see how you can profit by the devices he uses4 ,in the ,woods3--,give an account of a long or a short trip in the woods1 and tell what you observed4 ,it might be well to plan this theme a number of days before writing it1 and in the interim to take a walk in the woods to get mental notes4 ,in writing the theme1 give your chief attention to the trees--their situation1 appearance1 height1 manner of growth from the seedling up1 peculiarities4 ,make clear the differences between the kinds of trees1 especially between varieties of the same species4 ,you can make good use of color-words in your descriptions of leaves1 flowers1 seed-receptacles 7cones1 keys1 wings1 etc471 and berries4 ,keep your work simple1 almost as if you were talking to some one who wishes information about the forest trees4 ,,collateral ,,readings ,our ,national ,parks ,john ,muir ,my ,first ,summer in the ,sierra ,the ,mountains of ,california ,the ,story of my ,boyhood and ,youth ,stickeen3 ,the ,story of a ,dog ,the ,yosemite ,john ,muir ,the ,giant ,forest 7chapter #ah of ,the ,mountains7 ,stewart ,edward ,white ,the ,pines 7chapter #h of ,the ,mountains7 ,the ,blazed ,trail ,the ,forest ,the ,heart of the ,ancient ,wood ,c4,g4,d4 ,roberts ,the ,story of a ,thousand-year ,pine 7in ,wild ,life on the ,rockies7 ,enos ,a4 ,mills ,the ,lodge-pole ,pine 7in ,wild ,life on the ,rockies7 ,rocky ,mountain ,forests 7in ,wild ,life on the ,rockies7 ,the ,spell of the ,rockies ,under the ,sky in ,california ,c4,f4 ,saunders ,field ,days in ,california ,bradford ,torrey ,the ,snowing of the ,pines 7poem7 ,t4,w4 ,higginson ,a ,young ,fir ,wood 7poem7 ,d4,g4 ,rossetti ,the ,spirit of the ,pine 7poem7 ,bayard ,taylor ,to a ,pine ,tree ,j4,r4 ,lowell ,silverado ,squatters ,robert ,louis ,stevenson ,travels with a ,donkey ,a ,forest ,fire 7in ,the ,old ,pacific ,capital7 ,the ,two ,matches 7in ,fables7 ,in the ,maine ,woods ,henry ,d4 ,thoreau ,yosemite ,trails ,j4,s4 ,chase ,the ,conservation of ,natural ,resources ,charles ,r4 ,van ,hise ,getting ,acquainted with the ,trees ,j4,h4 ,mc,farland ,the ,trees 7poem7 ,josephine ,preston ,peabody ,for biographical material relating to ,john ,muir1 consult3 ,with ,john o' ,birds and ,john o' ,mountains1 ,century1 #hj3eba 7,portraits72 ,at ,home with ,muir1 ,overland ,monthly 7,new ,series71 #eb3abe1 ,august1 #aijh2 ,craftsman1 #g3ffe 7page #fcg for portrait71 ,march1 #aije2 ,craftsman1 #bc3cbd 7,portrait72 ,outlook1 #hj3cjc1 ,january #c1 #aije2 ,bookman1 #bf3eic1 ,february1 #aijh2 ,world's ,work1 #ag3aacee1 ,march1 #aiji2 #ai3abebi1 ,february1 #aiaj4 ,,waiting ,,john ,,burroughs ,serene1 ,i fold my hands and wait1 ,nor care for wind1 nor tide1 nor sea2 ,i rave no more 'gainst time or fate1 ,for lo6 my own shall come to me4 ,i stay my haste1 ,i make delays1 ,for what avails this eager pace8 ,i stand amid the eternal ways1 ,and what is mine shall know my face4 ,asleep1 awake1 by night or day1 ,the friends ,i seek are seeking me2 ,no wind can drive my bark astray ,nor change the tide of destiny4 ,what matter if ,i stand alone8 ,i wait with joy the coming years2 ,my heart shall reap where it has sown1 ,and garner up its fruit of tears4 ,the law of love binds every heart ,and knits it to its utmost kin1 ,nor can our lives flow long apart ,from souls our secret souls would win4 ,the stars come nightly to the sky1 ,the tidal wave comes to the sea2 ,nor time1 nor space1 nor deep1 nor high ,can keep my own away from me4 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study ,this poem is so easy that it needs little explanation4 ,it shows the calmness and confidence of one who feels that the universe is right1 and that everything comes out well sooner or later4 ,read the poem through slowly4 ,its utmost kin means its most distant relations or connections4 ,the tidal wave means the regular and usual flow of the tide4 ,nor time nor space3--,perhaps ,mr4 ,burroughs was thinking of the ,bible1 ,romans #h3ch1 #ci4 ,does the poem mean to encourage mere waiting1 without action8 ,does it discourage effort8 ,just how much is it intended to convey8 ,is the theory expressed here a good one8 ,do you believe it to be true8 ,read the verses again1 slowly and carefully1 thinking what they mean4 ,if you like them1 take time to learn them4 ,,collateral ,,readings ,for a list of ,mr4 ,burrough's books1 see page #agg4 ,song3 ,the year's at the spring ,robert ,browning ,the ,building of the ,chimney ,richard ,watson ,gilder ,with ,john o',birds and ,john o',mountains 7,century ,magazine1 #hj3eba7 ,a ,day at ,slabsides 7,outlook1 #ff3cea7 ,washington ,gladden ,century1 #hf3hhd1 ,october1 #aiae 7,portrait72 ,outlook1 #gh3hgh1 ,december #c1 #aijd4 ,,exercises ,try writing a stanza or two in the meter and with the rhyme that ,mr4 ,burroughs uses4 ,below are given lines that may prove suggestive3-- #a4 ,one night when all the sky was clear #b4 ,the plum tree near the garden wall #c4 ,i watched the children at their play #d4 ,the wind swept down across the plain #e4 ,the yellow leaves are drifting down #f4 ,along the dusty way we sped 7,in an ,automobile7 #g4 ,i looked about my garden plot 7,in my ,garden7 #h4 ,the sky was red with sudden flame #i4 ,i walked among the forest trees #aj4 ,he runs to meet me every day 7,my ,dog7 ,,the ,,pont ,,du ,,gard ,,henry ,,james 7,chapter ,,xxvi of ,a ,little ,tour in ,france7 ,it was a pleasure to feel one's self in ,provence again1--the land where the silver-gray earth is impregnated with the light of the sky4 ,to celebrate the event1 as soon as ,i arrived at ,nmes ,i engaged a calche to convey me to the ,pont du ,gard4 ,the day was yet young1 and it was perfectly fair2 it appeared well1 for a longish drive1 to take advantage1 without delay1 of such security4 ,after ,i had left the town ,i became more intimate with that ,provenal charm which ,i had already enjoyed from the window of the train1 and which glowed in the sweet sunshine and the white rocks1 and lurked in the smoke-puffs of the little olives4 ,the olive-trees in ,provence are half the landscape4 ,they are neither so tall1 so stout1 nor so richly contorted as ,i have seen them beyond the ,alps2 but this mild colorless bloom seems the very texture of the country4 ,the road from ,nmes1 for a distance of fifteen miles1 is superb2 broad enough for an army1 and as white and firm as a dinner-table4 ,it stretches away over undulations which suggest a kind of harmony2 and in the curves it makes through the wide1 free country1 where there is never a hedge or a wall1 and the detail is always exquisite1 there is something majestic1 almost processional4 ,some twenty minutes before ,i reached the little inn that marks the termination of the drive1 my vehicle met with an accident which just missed being serious1 and which engaged the attention of a gentleman1 who1 followed by his groom and mounted on a strikingly handsome horse1 happened to ride up at the moment4 ,this young man1 who1 with his good looks and charming manner1 might have stepped out of a novel of ,octave ,feuillet1 gave me some very intelligent advice in reference to one of my horses that had been injured1 and was so good as to accompany me to the inn1 with the resources of which he was acquainted1 to see that his recommendations were carried out4 ,the result of our interview was that he invited me to come and look at a small but ancient chteau in the neighborhood1 which he had the happiness--not the greatest in the world1 he intimated--to inhabit1 and at which ,i engaged to present myself after ,i should have spent an hour at the ,pont du ,gard4 ,for the moment1 when we separated1 ,i gave all my attention to that great structure4 ,you are very near it before you see it2 the ravine it spans suddenly opens and exhibits the picture4 ,the scene at this point grows extremely beautiful4 ,the ravine is the valley of the ,gardon1 which the road from ,nmes has followed some time without taking account of it1 but which1 exactly at the right distance from the aqueduct1 deepens and expands1 and puts on those characteristics which are best suited to give it effect4 ,the gorge becomes romantic1 still1 and solitary1 and1 with its white rocks and wild shrubbery1 hangs over the clear1 colored river1 in whose slow course there is here and there a deeper pool4 ,over the valley1 from side to side1 and ever so high in the air1 stretch the three tiers of the tremendous bridge4 ,they are unspeakably imposing1 and nothing could well be more ,roman4 ,the hugeness1 the solidity1 the unexpectedness1 the monumental rectitude of the whole thing leave you nothing to say--at the time--and make you stand gazing4 ,you simply feel that it is noble and perfect1 that it has the quality of greatness4 ,a road1 branching from the highway1 descends to the level of the river and passes under one of the arches4 ,this road has a wide margin of grass and loose stones1 which slopes upward into the bank of the ravine4 ,you may sit here as long as you please1 staring up at the light1 strong piers2 the spot is extremely natural1 though two or three stone benches have been erected on it4 ,i remained there an hour and got a complete impression2 the place was perfectly soundless1 and for the time1 at least1 lonely2 the splendid afternoon had begun to fade1 and there was a fascination in the object ,i had come to see4 ,it came to pass that at the same time ,i discovered in it a certain stupidity1 a vague brutality4 ,that element is rarely absent from great ,roman work1 which is wanting in the nice adaptation of the means to the end4 ,the means are always exaggerated2 the end is so much more than attained4 ,the ,roman rigidity was apt to overshoot the mark1 and ,i suppose a race which could do nothing small is as defective as a race that can do nothing great4 ,of this ,roman rigidity the ,pont du ,gard is an admirable example4 ,it would be a great injustice1 however1 not to insist upon its beauty1--a kind of manly beauty1 that of an object constructed not to please but to serve1 and impressive simply from the scale on which it carries out this intention4 ,the number of arches in each tier is different2 they are smaller and more numerous as they ascend4 ,the preservation of the thing is extraordinary2 nothing has crumbled or collapsed2 every feature remains2 and the huge blocks of stone1 of a brownish-yellow 7as if they had been baked by the ,provenal sun for eighteen centuries71 pile themselves1 without mortar or cement1 as evenly as the day they were laid together4 ,all this to carry the water of a couple of springs to a little provincial city6 ,the conduit on the top has retained its shape and traces of the cement with which it was lined4 ,when the vague twilight began to gather1 the lonely valley seemed to fill itself with the shadow of the ,roman name1 as if the mighty empire were still as erect as the supports of the aqueduct2 and it was open to a solitary tourist1 sitting there sentimental1 to believe that no people has ever been1 or will ever be1 as great as that1 measured1 as we measure the greatness of an individual1 by the push they gave to what they undertook4 ,the ,pont du ,gard is one of the three or four deepest impressions they have left2 it speaks of them in a manner with which they might have been satisfied4 ,i feel as if it were scarcely discreet to indicate the whereabouts of the chteau of the obliging young man ,i had met on the way from ,nmes2 ,i must content myself with saying that it nestled in an enchanting valley1--dans le fond1 as they say in ,france1--and that ,i took my course thither on foot1 after leaving the ,pont du ,gard4 ,i find it noted in my journal as an adorable little corner4 ,the principal feature of the place is a couple of very ancient towers1 brownish-yellow in hue1 and mantled in scarlet ,virginia-creeper4 ,one of these towers1 reputed to be of ,saracenic origin1 is isolated1 and is only the more effective2 the other is incorporated in the house1 which is delightfully fragmentary and irregular4 ,it had got to be late by this time1 and the lonely castel looked crepuscular and mysterious4 ,an old housekeeper was sent for1 who showed me the rambling interior2 and then the young man took me into a dim old drawing-room1 which had no less than four chimney-pieces1 all unlighted1 and gave me a refection of fruit and sweet wine4 ,when ,i praised the wine and asked him what it was1 he said simply1 ,c'est du vin de ma mre6 ,throughout my little journey ,i had never yet felt myself so far from ,paris2 and this was a sensation ,i enjoyed more than my host1 who was an involuntary exile1 consoling himself with laying out a mange1 which he showed me as ,i walked away4 ,his civility was great1 and ,i was greatly touched by it4 ,on my way back to the little inn where ,i had left my vehicle1 ,i passed the ,pont du ,gard1 and took another look at it4 ,its great arches made windows for the evening sky1 and the rocky ravine1 with its dusky cedars and shining river1 was lonelier than before4 ,at the inn ,i swallowed1 or tried to swallow1 a glass of horrible wine with my coachman2 after which1 with my reconstructed team1 ,i drove back to ,nmes in the moonlight4 ,it only added a more solitary whiteness to the constant sheen of the ,provenal landscape4 ,,notes ,the ,pont du ,gard3--,a famous aqueduct built by the ,romans many years ago4 ,provence3--,one of the old provinces in southeast ,france4 ,nmes3--7,neem7 ,a town in southeast ,france1 noted for its ,roman ruins4 calche3--7ka lash'7 ,the ,french term for a light covered carriage with seats for four besides the driver4 ,octave ,feuillet3--,a ,french writer1 the author of ,the ,romance of a ,poor ,young ,man2 ,feuillet's heroes are young1 dark1 good-looking1 and poetic4 chteau3--,the country residence of a wealthy or titled person4 ,gardon3--,a river in ,france flowing into the ,rhone4 nice3--,look up the meaning of this word4 dans le fond3--,in the bottom4 ,saracenic3--,the ,saracen invaders of ,france were vanquished at ,tours in #gcb ,a4,d4 castel3--,a castle4 ,c'est1 etc43--,it is some of my mother's wine4 mange3--,a place where horses are kept and trained4 ,,questions ,,for ,,study ,can you find out anything about ,provence and its history8 ,by means of what details does ,mr4 ,james give you an idea of the country8 ,what is meant by processional8 ,why is the episode of the young man particularly pleasing at the point at which it is related8 ,how does the author show the character of the aqueduct8 ,what does monumental rectitude mean8 ,why is it a good term8 ,what is meant here by a certain stupidity1 a vague brutality8 ,can you think of any great ,roman works of which ,mr4 ,james's statement is true8 ,what did the ,romans most commonly build8 ,can you find out something of their style of building8 ,are there any reasons why the arches at the top should be smaller and lighter than those below8 ,what does this great aqueduct show of the ,roman people and the ,roman government8 ,notice what ,mr4 ,james says of the way in which we measure greatness3 ,is this a good way8 ,why would the ,romans like the way in which the ,pont du ,gard speaks of them8 ,why is it not discreet to tell where the young man's chteau is8 ,why does the traveler feel so far from ,paris8 ,why does the young man treat the traveler with such unnecessary friendliness8 ,see how the author closes his chapter by bringing the description round to the ,pont du ,gard again and ending with the note struck in the first lines4 ,is this a good method8 ,,theme ,,subjects ,a ,bridge ,country ,roads ,an ,accident on the ,road ,a ,remote ,dwelling ,the ,stranger ,at a ,country ,hotel ,roman ,roads ,a ,moonlight ,scene ,a ,picturesque ,ravine ,what ,i should ,like to ,see in ,europe ,traveling in ,europe ,reading a ,guide ,book ,the ,baedeker ,a ,ruin ,the ,character of the ,romans ,the ,romans in ,france ,level ,country ,a ,sunny ,day ,the ,parlor ,,suggestions ,,for ,,writing ,at a ,country ,hotel3--,tell how you happened to go to the hotel 7this part may be true or merely imagined74 ,describe your approach1 on foot or in some conveyance4 ,give your first general impression of the building and its surroundings4 ,what persons were visible when you reached the entrance8 ,what did they say and do8 ,how did you feel8 ,describe the room that you entered1 noting any striking or amusing things4 ,tell of any particularly interesting person1 and what he 7or she7 said4 ,did you have something to eat8 ,if so1 describe the dining-room1 and tell about the food4 ,perhaps you will have something to say about the waiter4 ,how long did you stay at the hotel8 ,what incident was connected with your departure8 ,were you glad or sorry to leave8 ,the ,bridge3--,choose a large bridge that you have seen4 ,where is it1 and what stream or ravine does it span8 ,when was it built8 ,clearly indicate the point of view of your description4 ,if you change the point of view1 let the reader know of your doing so4 ,give a general idea of the size of the bridge3 ,you need not give measurements2 try rather to make the reader feel the size from the comparisons that you use4 ,describe the banks at each end of the bridge1 and the effect of the water or the abyss between4 ,how is the bridge supported8 ,try to make the reader feel its solidity and safety4 ,is it clumsy or graceful8 ,why8 ,give any interesting details in its appearance4 ,what conveyances or persons are passing over it8 ,how does the bridge make you feel8 ,,collateral ,,readings ,a ,little ,tour in ,france ,henry ,james ,a ,small ,boy and ,others ,portraits of ,places ,travels with a ,donkey ,r4,l4 ,stevenson ,an ,inland ,voyage ,along ,french ,byways ,clifton ,johnson ,seeing ,france with ,uncle ,john ,anne ,warner ,the ,story of ,france ,mary ,macgregor ,the ,reds of the ,midi ,felix ,gras ,a ,wanderer in ,paris ,e4,v4 ,lucas ,an ,american in ,europe 7poem7 ,henry ,van ,dyke ,home ,thoughts from ,abroad ,robert ,browning ,in and ,out of ,three ,normandy ,inns ,anna ,bowman ,dodd ,cathedral ,days ,from ,ponkapog to ,pesth ,t4,b4 ,aldrich ,our ,hundred ,days in ,europe ,o4,w4 ,holmes ,one ,year ,abroad ,blanche ,willis ,howard ,well-worn ,roads ,f4,h4 ,smith ,gondola ,days ,saunterings ,c4,d4 ,warner ,by ,oak and ,thorn ,alice ,brown ,fresh ,fields ,john ,burroughs ,our ,old ,home ,nathaniel ,hawthorne ,penelope's ,progress ,kate ,douglas ,wiggin ,penelope's ,experiences ,a ,cathedral ,courtship ,ten ,days in ,spain ,kate ,fields ,russian ,rambles ,isabel ,f4 ,hapgood ,for biography and criticism of ,mr4 ,james1 see3 ,american ,writers of ,to-day1 pp4 #fh-hf1 ,h4,c4 ,vedder2 ,american ,prose ,masters1 pp4 #ccg-djj1 ,w4,c4 ,brownell2 and 7for the teacher71 ,century1 #hd3ajh 7,portrait7 and #hg3aej 7,portrait72 ,scribners1 #dh3fgj 7,portrait72 ,chautauquan1 #fd3adf 7,portrait74 ,,the ,,youngest ,,son ,,of ,,his ,,father',s ,,house ,,anna ,,hempstead ,,branch ,the eldest son of his father's house1 ,his was the right to have and hold2 ,he took the chair before the hearth1 ,and he was master of all the gold4 ,the second son of his father's house1 ,he took the wheatfields broad and fair1 ,he took the meadows beside the brook1 ,and the white flocks that pastured there4 ,pipe high--pipe low6 ,along the way ,from dawn till eve ,i needs must sing6 ,who has a song throughout the day1 ,he has no need of anything6 ,the youngest son of his father's house ,had neither gold nor flocks for meed4 ,he went to the brook at break of day1 ,and made a pipe out of a reed4 ,pipe high--pipe low6 ,each wind that blows ,is comrade to my wandering4 ,who has a song wherever he goes1 ,he has no need of anything6 ,his brother's wife threw open the door4 ,piper1 come in for a while1 she said4 ,thou shalt sit at my hearth since thou art so poor ,and thou shalt give me a song instead6 ,pipe high--pipe low--all over the wold6 ,lad1 wilt thou not come in8 asked she4 ,who has a song1 he feels no cold6 ,my brother's hearth is mine own1 quoth he4 ,pipe high--pipe low6 ,for what care ,i ,though there be no hearth on the wide gray plain8 ,i have set my face to the open sky1 ,and have cloaked myself in the thick gray rain4 ,over the hills where the white clouds are1 ,he piped to the sheep till they needs must come4 ,they fed in pastures strange and far1 ,but at fall of night he brought them home4 ,they followed him1 bleating1 wherever he led3 ,he called his brother out to see4 ,i have brought thee my flocks for a gift1 he said1 ,for thou seest that they are mine1 quoth he4 ,pipe high--pipe low6 wherever ,i go ,the wide grain presses to hear me sing4 ,who has a song1 though his state be low1 ,he has no need of anything4 ,ye have taken my house1 he said1 and my sheep1 ,but ye had no heart to take me in4 ,i will give ye my right for your own to keep1 ,but ye be not my kin4 ,to the kind fields my steps are led4 ,my people rush across the plain4 ,my bare feet shall not fear to tread ,with the cold white feet of the rain4 ,my father's house is wherever ,i pass2 ,my brothers are each stock and stone2 ,my mother's bosom in the grass ,yields a sweet slumber to her son4 ,ye are rich in house and flocks1 said he1 ,though ye have no heart to take me in4 ,there was only a reed that was left for me1 ,and ye be not my kin4 ,pipe high--pipe low6 ,though skies be gray1 ,who has a song1 he needs must roam6 ,even though ye call all day1 all day1 ',brother1 wilt thou come home8' ,over the meadows and over the wold1 ,up to the hills where the skies begin1 ,the youngest son of his father's house ,went forth to find his kin4 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study ,the stanzas in italic are a kind of refrain2 they represent the music of the youngest son4 ,why does the piper not go into the house when his brother's wife invites him8 ,what does he mean when he says1 ,my brother's hearth is mine own8 ,why does he say that the sheep are his8 ,what does he mean when he says1 ,i will give ye my right1 etc48 ,why are his brothers not his kin8 ,who are the people that rush across the plain8 ,explain the fourteenth stanza4 ,why did the piper go forth to find his kin8 ,whom would he claim as his kindred8 ,why8 ,does the poem have a deeper meaning than that which first appears8 ,what kind of person is represented by the youngest son8 ,what are meant by his pipe and the music8 ,who are those who cast him out8 ,re-read the whole poem with the deeper meaning in mind4 ,,collateral ,,readings ,the ,prophet ,josephine ,preston ,peabody ,the ,piper3 ,act ,i ,the ,shepherd of ,king ,admetus ,james ,russell ,lowell ,the ,shoes that ,danced ,anna ,hempstead ,branch ,the ,heart of the ,road and ,other ,poems ,rose of the ,wind and ,other ,poems ,,tennessee',s ,,partner ,,bret ,,harte ,i do not think that we ever knew his real name4 ,our ignorance of it certainly never gave us any social inconvenience1 for at ,sandy ,bar in #ahed most men were christened anew4 ,sometimes these appellatives were derived from some distinctiveness of dress1 as in the case of ,dungaree ,jack2 or from some peculiarity of habit1 as shown in ,saleratus ,bill1 so called from an undue proportion of that chemical in his daily bread2 or from some unlucky slip1 as exhibited in ,the ,iron ,pirate1 a mild1 inoffensive man1 who earned that baleful title by his unfortunate mispronunciation of the term iron pyrites4 ,perhaps this may have been the beginning of a rude heraldry2 but ,i am constrained to think that it was because a man's real name in that day rested solely upon his own unsupported statement4 ,call yourself ,clifford1 do you8 said ,boston1 addressing a timid newcomer with infinite scorn2 hell is full of such ,cliffords6 ,he then introduced the unfortunate man1 whose name happened to be really ,clifford1 as ,jaybird ,charley1--an unhallowed inspiration of the moment that clung to him ever after4 ,but to return to ,tennessee's ,partner1 whom we never knew by any other than this relative title4 ,that he had ever existed as a separate and distinct individuality we only learned later4 ,it seems that in #ahec he left ,poker ,flat to go to ,san ,francisco1 ostensibly to procure a wife4 ,he never got any farther than ,stockton4 ,at that place he was attracted by a young person who waited upon the table at the hotel where he took his meals4 ,one morning he said something to her which caused her to smile not unkindly1 to somewhat coquettishly break a plate of toast over his upturned1 serious1 simple face1 and to retreat to the kitchen4 ,he followed her1 and emerged a few moments later1 covered with more toast and victory4 ,that day week they were married by a justice of the peace1 and returned to ,poker ,flat4 ,i am aware that something more might be made of this episode1 but ,i prefer to tell it as it was current at ,sandy ,bar1--in the gulches and bar-rooms1--where all sentiment was modified by a strong sense of humor4 ,of their married felicity but little is known1 perhaps for the reason that ,tennessee1 then living with his partner1 one day took occasion to say something to the bride on his own account1 at which1 it is said1 she smiled not unkindly and chastely retreated1--this time as far as ,marysville1 where ,tennessee followed her1 and where they went to housekeeping without the aid of a justice of the peace4 ,tennessee's ,partner took the loss of his wife simply and seriously1 as was his fashion4 ,but to everybody's surprise1 when ,tennessee one day returned from ,marysville1 without his partner's wife1--she having smiled and retreated with somebody else1--,tennessee's ,partner was the first man to shake his hand and greet him with affection4 ,the boys who had gathered in the caon to see the shooting were naturally indignant4 ,their indignation might have found vent in sarcasm but for a certain look in ,tennessee's ,partner's eye that indicated a lack of humorous appreciation4 ,in fact1 he was a grave man1 with a steady application to practical detail which was unpleasant in a difficulty4 ,meanwhile a popular feeling against ,tennessee had grown up on the ,bar4 ,he was known to be a gambler2 he was suspected to be a thief4 ,in these suspicions ,tennessee's ,partner was equally compromised2 his continued intimacy with ,tennessee after the affair above quoted could only be accounted for on the hypothesis of a copartnership of crime4 ,at last ,tennessee's guilt became flagrant4 ,one day he overtook a stranger on his way to ,red ,dog4 ,the stranger afterward related that ,tennessee beguiled the time with interesting anecdote and reminiscence1 but illogically concluded the interview in the following words3 ,and now1 young man1 ,i'll trouble you for your knife1 your pistols1 and your money4 ,you see your weppings might get you into trouble at ,red ,dog1 and your money's a temptation to the evilly disposed4 ,i think you said your address was ,san ,francisco4 ,i shall endeavor to call4 ,it may be stated here that ,tennessee had a fine flow of humor1 which no business preoccupation could wholly subdue4 ,this exploit was his last4 ,red ,dog and ,sandy ,bar made common cause against the highwayman4 ,tennessee was hunted in very much the same fashion as his prototype1 the grizzly4 ,as the toils closed around him1 he made a desperate dash through the ,bar1 emptying his revolver at the crowd before the ,arcade ,saloon1 and so on up ,grizzly ,caon2 but at its farther extremity he was stopped by a small man on a gray horse4 ,the men looked at each other a moment in silence4 ,both were fearless1 both self-possessed and independent1 and both types of a civilization that in the seventeenth century would have been called heroic1 but in the nineteenth simply reckless4 ,what have you got there8--,i call1 said ,tennessee quietly4 ,two bowers and an ace1 said the stranger as quietly1 showing two revolvers and a bowie-knife4 ,that takes me1 returned ,tennessee2 and1 with this gambler's epigram1 he threw away his useless pistol and rode back with his captor4 ,it was a warm night4 ,the cool breeze which usually sprang up with the going down of the sun behind the chaparral-crested mountain was that evening withheld from ,sandy ,bar4 ,the little caon was stifling with heated resinous odors1 and the decaying driftwood on the ,bar sent forth faint sickening exhalations4 ,the feverishness of day and its fierce passions still filled the camp4 ,lights moved restlessly along the bank of the river1 striking no answering reflection from its tawny current4 ,against the blackness of the pines the windows of the old loft above the express-office stood out staringly bright2 and through their curtainless panes the loungers below could see the forms of those who were even then deciding the fate of ,tennessee4 ,and above all this1 etched on the dark firmament1 rose the ,sierra1 remote and passionless1 crowned with remoter passionless stars4 ,the trial of ,tennessee was conducted as fairly as was consistent with a judge and jury who felt themselves to some extent obliged to justify1 in their verdict1 the previous irregularities of arrest and indictment4 ,the law of ,sandy ,bar was implacable1 but not vengeful4 ,the excitement and personal feeling of the chase were over2 with ,tennessee safe in their hands1 they were ready to listen patiently to any defense1 which they were already satisfied was insufficient4 ,there being no doubt in their own minds1 they were willing to give the prisoner the benefit of any that might exist4 ,secure in the hypothesis that he ought to be hanged on general principles1 they indulged him with more latitude of defense than his reckless hardihood seemed to ask4 ,the ,judge appeared to be more anxious than the prisoner1 who1 otherwise unconcerned1 evidently took a grim pleasure in the responsibility he had created4 ,i don't take any hand in this yer game1 had been his invariable but good-humored reply to all questions4 ,the ,judge--who was also his captor--for a moment vaguely regretted that he had not shot him on sight that morning1 but presently dismissed this human weakness as unworthy of the judicial mind4 ,nevertheless1 when there was a tap at the door1 and it was said that ,tennessee's ,partner was there on behalf of the prisoner1 he was admitted at once without question4 ,perhaps the younger members of the jury1 to whom the proceedings were becoming irksomely thoughtful1 hailed him as a relief4 ,for he was not1 certainly1 an imposing figure4 ,short and stout1 with a square face1 sunburned into a preternatural redness1 clad in a loose duck jumper and trousers streaked and splashed with red soil1 his aspect under any circumstances would have been quaint1 and was now even ridiculous4 ,as he stooped to deposit at his feet a heavy carpetbag he was carrying1 it became obvious1 from partially developed legends and inscriptions1 that the material with which his trousers had been patched had been originally intended for a less ambitious covering4 ,yet he advanced with great gravity1 and after shaking the hand of each person in the room with labored cordiality1 he wiped his serious perplexed face on a red bandana handkerchief1 a shade lighter than his complexion1 laid his powerful hand upon the table to steady himself1 and thus addressed the ,judge3-- ,i was passin' by1 he began1 by way of apology1 and ,i thought ,i'd just step in and see how things was gittin' on with ,tennessee thar1--my pardner4 ,it's a hot night4 ,i disremember any sich weather before on the ,bar4 ,he paused a moment1 but nobody volunteering any other meteorological recollection1 he again had recourse to his pocket-handkerchief1 and for some moments mopped his face diligently4 ,have you anything to say on behalf of the prisoner8 said the ,judge finally4 ,thet's it1 said ,tennessee's ,partner1 in a tone of relief4 ,i come yar as ,tennessee's pardner1--knowing him nigh on four year1 off and on1 wet and dry1 in luck and1 out o' luck4 ,his ways ain't aller my ways1 but thar ain't any p'ints in that young man1 thar ain't any liveliness as he's been up to1 as ,i don't know4 ,and you sez to me1 sez you1--confidential-like1 and between man and man1--sez you1 ',do you know anything in his behalf8' and ,i sez to you1 sez ,i1--confidential-like1 as between man and man1--',what should a man know of his pardner8' ,is this all you have to say8 asked the ,judge impatiently1 feeling1 perhaps1 that a dangerous sympathy of humor was beginning to humanize the court4 ,thet's so1 continued ,tennessee's ,partner4 ,it ain't for me to say anything agin' him4 ,and now1 what's the case8 ,here's ,tennessee wants money1 wants it bad1 and doesn't like to ask it of his old pardner4 ,well1 what does ,tennessee do8 ,he lays for a stranger1 and he fetches that stranger2 and you lays for him1 and you fetches him2 and the honors is easy4 ,and ,i put it to you1 bein' a fa'r-minded man1 and to you1 gentlemen all1 as fa'r-minded men1 ef this isn't so4 ,prisoner1 said the ,judge1 interrupting1 have you any questions to ask this man8 ,no6 no6 continued ,tennessee's ,partner hastily4 ,i play this yer hand alone4 ,to come down to the bed-rock1 it's just this3 ,tennessee1 thar1 has played it pretty rough and expensive-like on a stranger1 and on this yer camp4 ,and now1 what's the fair thing8 ,some would say more1 some would say less4 ,here's seventeen hundred dollars in coarse gold and a watch1--it's about all my pile1--and call it square6 ,and before a hand could be raised to prevent him1 he had emptied the contents of the carpetbag upon the table4 ,for a moment his life was in jeopardy4 ,one or two men sprang to their feet1 several hands groped for hidden weapons1 and a suggestion to throw him from the window was only overridden by a gesture from the ,judge4 ,tennessee laughed4 ,and apparently oblivious of the excitement1 ,tennessee's ,partner improved the opportunity to mop his face again with his handkerchief4 ,when order was restored1 and the man was made to understand1 by the use of forcible figures and rhetoric1 that ,tennessee's offense could not be condoned by money1 his face took a more serious and sanguinary hue1 and those who were nearest to him noticed that his rough hand trembled slightly on the table4 ,he hesitated a moment as he slowly returned the gold to the carpetbag1 as if he had not yet entirely caught the elevated sense of justice which swayed the tribunal1 and was perplexed with the belief that he had not offered enough4 ,then he turned to the ,judge1 and saying1 ,this yer is a lone hand1 played alone1 and without my pardner1 he bowed to the jury and was about to withdraw1 when the ,judge called him back3-- ,if you have anything to say to ,tennessee1 you had better say it now4 ,for the first time that evening the eyes of the prisoner and his strange advocate met4 ,tennessee smiled1 showed his white teeth1 and saying1 ,euchred1 old man6 held out his hand4 ,tennessee's ,partner took it in his own1 and saying1 ,i just dropped in as ,i was passin' to see how things was gettin' on1 let the hand passively fall1 and adding that it was a warm night1 again mopped his face with his handkerchief1 and without another word withdrew4 ,the two men never again met each other alive4 ,for the unparalleled insult of a bribe offered to ,judge ,lynch--who1 whether bigoted1 weak1 or narrow1 was at least incorruptible--firmly fixed in the mind of that mythical personage any wavering determination of ,tennessee's fate2 and at the break of day he was marched1 closely guarded1 to meet it at the top of ,marley's ,hill4 ,how he met it1 how cool he was1 how he refused to say anything1 how perfect were the arrangements of the committee1 were all duly reported1 with the addition of a warning moral and example to all future evil-doers1 in the ,red ,dog ,clarion1 by its editor1 who was present1 and to whose vigorous ,english ,i cheerfully refer the reader4 ,but the beauty of that midsummer morning1 the blessed amity of earth and air and sky1 the awakened life of the free woods and hills1 the joyous renewal and promise of ,nature1 and above all1 the infinite serenity that thrilled through each1 was not reported1 as not being a part of the social lesson4 ,and yet1 when the weak and foolish deed was done1 and a life1 with its possibilities and responsibilities1 had passed out of the misshapen thing that dangled between earth and sky1 the birds sang1 the flowers bloomed1 the sun shone1 as cheerily as before2 and possibly the ,red ,dog ,clarion was right4 ,tennessee's ,partner was not in the group that surrounded the ominous tree4 ,but as they turned to disperse1 attention was drawn to the singular appearance of a motionless donkey-cart halted at the side of the road4 ,as they approached1 they at once recognized the venerable ,jenny and the two-wheeled cart as the property of ,tennessee's ,partner1 used by him in carrying dirt from his claim2 and a few paces distant the owner of the equipage himself1 sitting under a buckeye-tree1 wiping the perspiration from his glowing face4 ,in answer to an inquiry1 he said he had come for the body of the diseased1 if it was all the same to the committee4 ,he didn't wish to hurry anything2 he could wait4 ,he was not working that day2 and when the gentlemen were done with the diseased1 he would take him4 ,ef thar is any present1 he added1 in his simple1 serious way1 as would care to jine in the fun'l1 they kin come4 ,perhaps it was from a sense of humor1 which ,i have already intimated was a feature of ,sandy ,bar1--perhaps it was from something even better than that1 but two thirds of the loungers accepted the invitation at once4 ,it was noon when the body of ,tennessee was delivered into the hands of his partner4 ,as the cart drew up to the fatal tree1 we noticed that it contained a rough oblong box1--apparently made from a section of sluicing1--and half filled with bark and the tassels of pine4 ,the cart was further decorated with slips of willow and made fragrant with buckeye-blossoms4 ,when the body was deposited in the box1 ,tennessee's ,partner's drew over it a piece of tarred canvas1 and gravely mounting the narrow seat in front1 with his feet upon the shafts1 urged the little donkey forward4 ,the equipage moved slowly on1 at that decorous pace which was habitual with ,jenny even under less solemn circumstances4 ,the men--half curiously1 half jestingly1 but all good-humoredly--strolled along beside the cart1 some in advance1 some a little in the rear of the homely catafalque4 ,but whether from the narrowing of the road or some present sense of decorum1 as the cart passed on1 the company fell to the rear in couples1 keeping step1 and otherwise assuming the external show of a formal procession4 ,jack ,folinsbee1 who had at the outset played a funeral march in dumb show upon an imaginary trombone1 desisted from a lack of sympathy and appreciation1--not having1 perhaps1 your true humorist's capacity to be content with the enjoyment of his own fun4 ,the way led through ,grizzly ,caon1 by this time clothed in funereal drapery and shadows4 ,the redwoods1 burying their moccasined feet in the red soil1 stood in ,indian file along the track1 trailing an uncouth benediction from their bending boughs upon the passing bier4 ,a hare1 surprised into helpless inactivity1 sat upright and pulsating in the ferns by the roadside as the cortge went by4 ,squirrels hastened to gain a secure outlook from higher boughs2 and the blue-jays1 spreading their wings1 fluttered before them like outriders1 until the outskirts of ,sandy ,bar were reached1 and the solitary cabin of ,tennessee's ,partner4 ,viewed under more favorable circumstances1 it would not have been a cheerful place4 ,the unpicturesque site1 the rude and unlovely outlines1 the unsavory details1 which distinguish the nest-building of the ,california miner1 were all here with the dreariness of decay superadded4 ,a few paces from the cabin there was a rough inclosure1 which1 in the brief days of ,tennessee's ,partner's matrimonial felicity1 had been used as a garden1 but was now overgrown with fern4 ,as we approached it1 we were surprised to find that what we had taken for a recent attempt at cultivation was the broken soil about an open grave4 ,the cart was halted before the inclosure1 and rejecting the offers of assistance with the same air of simple self-reliance he had displayed throughout1 ,tennessee's ,partner lifted the rough coffin on his back1 and deposited it unaided within the shallow grave4 ,he then nailed down the board which served as a lid1 and mounting the little mound of earth beside it1 took off his hat and slowly mopped his face with his handkerchief4 ,this the crowd felt was a preliminary to speech1 and they disposed themselves variously on stumps and boulders1 and sat expectant4 ,when a man1 began ,tennessee's ,partner slowly1 has been running free all day1 what's the natural thing for him to do8 ,why1 to come home4 ,and if he ain't in a condition to go home1 what can his best friend do8 ,why1 bring him home4 ,and here's ,tennessee has been running free1 and we brings him home from his wandering4 ,he paused and picked up a fragment of quartz1 rubbed it thoughtfully on his sleeve1 and went on3 ,it ain't the first time that ,i've packed him on my back1 as you see'd me now4 ,it ain't the first time that ,i brought him to this yer cabin when he couldn't help himself2 it ain't the first time that ,i and ,jinny have waited for him on yon hill1 and picked him up and so fetched him home1 when he couldn't speak and didn't know me4 ,and now that it's the last time1 why--he paused and rubbed the quartz gently on his sleeve--you see it's sort of rough on his pardner4 ,and now1 gentlemen1 he added abruptly1 picking up his long-handled shovel1 the fun'l's over2 and my thanks1 and ,tennessee's thanks1 to you for your trouble4 ,resisting any proffers of assistance1 he began to fill in the grave1 turning his back upon the crowd1 that after a few moments' hesitation gradually withdrew4 ,as they crossed the little ridge that hid ,sandy ,bar from view1 some1 looking back1 thought they could see ,tennessee's ,partner1 his work done1 sitting upon the grave1 his shovel between his knees1 and his face buried in his red bandana handkerchief4 ,but it was argued by others that you couldn't tell his face from his handkerchief at that distance1 and this point remained undecided4 ,in the reaction that followed the feverish excitement of that day1 ,tennessee's ,partner was not forgotten4 ,a secret investigation had cleared him of any complicity in ,tennessee's guilt1 and left only a suspicion of his general sanity4 ,sandy ,bar made a point of calling on him1 and proffering various uncouth but well-meant kindnesses4 ,but from that day his rude health and great strength seemed visibly to decline2 and when the rainy season fairly set in1 and the tiny grass-blades were beginning to peep from the rocky mound above ,tennessee's grave1 he took to his bed4 ,one night1 when the pines beside the cabin were swaying in the storm and trailing their slender fingers over the roof1 and the roar and rush of the swollen river were heard below1 ,tennessee's ,partner lifted his head from the pillow1 saying1 ,it is time to go for ,tennessee2 ,i must put ,jinny in the cart2 and would have risen from his bed but for the restraint of his attendant4 ,struggling1 he still pursued his singular fancy3 ,there1 now1 steady1 ,jinny1--steady1 old girl4 ,how dark it is6 ,look out for the ruts1--and look out for him1 too1 old gal4 ,sometimes1 you know1 when he's blind drunk1 he drops down right in the trail4 ,keep on straight up to the pine on the top of the hill4 ,thar6 ,i told you so6--thar he is1--coming this way1 too1--all by himself1 sober1 and his face a-shining4 ,tennessee6 ,pardner6 ,and so they met4 ,,notes ,sandy ,bar3--,the imaginary mining-camp in which ,bret ,harte laid the scenes of many of his stories4 dungaree3--,a coarse kind of unbleached cotton cloth4 ,i call3--,an expression used in the game of euchre4 bowers3--,bower is from the ,german word bauer1 meaning a peasant1--so called from the jack or knave2 the right bower1 in the game of euchre1 is the jack of trumps1 and the left bower is the other jack of the same color4 chaparral3--,a thicket of scrub-oaks or thorny shrubs4 euchred3--,defeated1 as in the game of euchre4 ,judge ,lynch3--,a name used for the hurried judging and executing of a suspected person1 by private citizens1 without due process of law4 ,a ,virginian named ,lynch is said to have been connected with the origin of the expression4 diseased3--,tennessee's ,partner means deceased4 sluicing3--,a trough for water1 fitted with gates and valves2 it is used in washing out gold from the soil4 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study ,why is the first sentence a good introduction8 ,compare it with the first sentence of ,quite ,so1 page #ba4 ,in this selection1 why does the author say so much about names8 ,of what value is the first paragraph8 ,why is it necessary to tell about ,tennessee's ,partner's earlier experiences8 ,who were the boys who gathered to see the shooting8 ,why did they think there would be shooting8 ,why was there not8 ,why does the author not give us a fuller picture of ,tennessee8 ,what is the proof that he had a fine flow of humor8 ,try in a few words to sum up his character4 ,read carefully the paragraph beginning ,it was a warm night3 ,how does the author give us a good picture of ,sandy ,bar8 ,tell in your own words the feelings of the judge1 the prisoner1 and the jury1 as explained in the paragraph beginning ,the trial of ,tennessee4 ,what does the author gain by such expressions as a less ambitious covering1 meteorological recollection8 ,what does ,tennessee's ,partner mean when he says ,what should a man know of his pardner8 ,why did the judge think that humor would be dangerous8 ,why are the people angry when ,tennessee's ,partner offers his seventeen hundred dollars for ,tennessee's release8 ,why does ,tennessee's ,partner take its rejection so calmly8 ,what effect does his offer have on the jury8 ,what does the author mean by the weak and foolish deed8 ,does he approve the hanging8 ,why does ,tennessee's ,partner not show any grief8 ,what do you think of ,jack ,folinsbee8 ,what is gained by the long passage of description8 ,what does ,tennessee's ,partner's speech show about the friendship of the two men8 ,about friendship in general8 ,do men often care so much for each other8 ,is it possible that ,tennessee's ,partner died of grief8 ,is the conclusion good8 ,comment on the kind of men who figure in the story4 ,are there any such men now8 ,why is this called a very good story8 ,some time after you have read the story1 run through it and see how many different sections or scenes there are in it4 ,how are these sections linked together8 ,look carefully at the beginning of each paragraph and see how the connection is made with the paragraph before4 ,,theme ,,subjects ,two ,friends ,a ,miner's ,cabin ,the ,thief ,the ,road through the ,woods ,the ,trial ,a ,scene in the ,court ,room ,early ,days in our ,county ,bret ,harte's ,best ,stories ,the ,escaped ,convict ,the ,highwayman ,a ,lumber ,camp ,roughing ,it ,the ,judge ,the ,robbers' ,rendezvous ,an ,odd ,character ,early ,days in the ,west ,a ,mining ,town ,underground with the ,miners ,capturing the ,thieves ,the ,sheriff ,,suggestions ,,for ,,writing ,two ,friends3--,tell where these two friends lived and how long they had known each other4 ,describe each one1 explaining his peculiarities2 perhaps you can make his character clear by telling some incident concerning him4 ,what seemed to be the attraction between the two friends8 ,were they much together8 ,what did people say of them8 ,what did they do for each other8 ,did they talk to others about their friendship8 ,did either make a sacrifice for the other8 ,if so1 tell about it rather fully4 ,was there any talk about it8 ,what was the result of the sacrifice8 ,was the friendship ever broken8 ,early ,days in our ,county3--,perhaps you can get material for this from some old settlers1 or from a county history4 ,tell of the first settlement3 ,who was first on the ground1 and why did he choose this particular region8 ,what kind of shelter was erected8 ,how fast did the settlement grow8 ,tell some incidents of the early days4 ,you might speak also of the processes of clearing the land and of building2 of primitive methods of living1 and the difficulty of getting supplies4 ,were there any dangers8 ,speak of several prominent persons1 and tell what they did4 ,go on and tell of development of the settlements and the surrounding country4 ,were there any strikingly good methods of making money8 ,was there any excitement over land1 or gold1 or high prices of products8 ,were there any misfortunes1 such as floods1 or droughts1 or fires1 or cyclones8 ,when did the railroad reach the region8 ,what differences did it make8 ,what particular influences have brought about recent conditions8 ,the ,sheriff3--,describe the sheriff--his physique1 his features1 his clothes1 his manner4 ,does he look the part8 ,do you know1 or can you imagine1 one of his adventures8 ,perhaps you will wish to tell his story in his own words4 ,think carefully whether it would be better to do this1 or to tell the story in the third person4 ,make the tale as lively and stirring as possible4 ,remember that when you are reporting the talk of the persons involved1 it is better to quote their words directly4 ,see that everything you say helps in making the situation clear or in actually telling the story4 ,close the story rather quickly after its outcome has been made quite clear4 ,,collateral ,,readings ,how ,santa ,claus ,came to ,simpson's ,bar ,bret ,harte ,the ,outcasts of ,poker ,flat ,the ,luck of ,roaring ,camp ,baby ,sylvester ,a ,waif of the ,plains ,how ,i ,went to the ,mines ,m'liss ,frontier ,stories ,tales of the ,argonauts ,a ,sappho of ,green ,springs and ,other ,stories ,pony ,tracks ,frederic ,remington ,crooked ,trails ,coeur d',alne ,mary ,hallock ,foote ,the ,led-,horse ,claim ,wolfville ,days ,alfred ,henry ,lewis ,wolfville ,nights ,the ,sunset ,trail ,pathfinders of the ,west ,agnes ,c4 ,laut ,the ,old ,santa ,f ,trail ,h4 ,inman ,stories of the ,great ,west ,theodore ,roosevelt ,california and the ,californians ,d4,s4 ,jordan ,our ,italy ,c4,d4 ,warner ,california ,josiah ,royce ,the ,west from a ,car ,window ,r4,h4 ,davis ,the ,story of the ,railroad ,cy ,warman ,roughing ,it ,s4,l4 ,clemens ,poems ,joaquin ,miller ,appropriate poems by ,bret ,harte3-- ,john ,burns of ,gettysburg ,in the ,tunnel ,the ,lost ,galleon ,grizzly ,battle ,bunny ,the ,wind in the ,chimney ,reveille ,plain ,language from ,truthful ,james 7,the ,heathen ,chinee7 ,highways and ,byways in the ,rocky ,mountains ,clifton ,johnson ,trails of the ,pathfinders ,g4,b4 ,grinnell ,stories of ,california ,e4,m4 ,sexton ,glimpses of ,california ,helen ,hunt ,jackson ,california3 ,its ,history and ,romance ,j4,s4 ,mc,groarty ,heroes of ,california ,g4,w4 ,james ,recollections of an ,old ,pioneer ,p4,h4 ,bennett ,the ,mountains of ,california ,john ,muir ,romantic ,california ,e4,c4 ,peixotto ,silverado ,squatters ,r4,l4 ,stevenson ,jimville3 ,a ,bret ,harte ,town 7in ,atlantic ,monthly1 ,november1 #aijb7 ,mary ,austin ,the ,prospector 7poem7 ,robert ,w4 ,service ,the ,rover ,the ,life of ,bret ,harte ,h4,c4 ,merwin ,bret ,harte ,henry ,w4 ,boynton ,bret ,harte ,t4,e4 ,pemberton ,american ,writers of ,to-day1 pp4 #bab-bbi ,h4,c4 ,vedder ,bookman1 #ae3cab 7see also map on page #cac74 ,for stories of famous friendships1 look up3-- ,damon and ,pythias 7any good encyclopedia74 ,patroclus and ,achilles 7the ,iliad74 ,david and ,jonathan 7the ,bible3 #ast ,samuel #ah3a-d2 #ai3a-g2 chapter #bj1 entire2 #bc3af-ah2 chapter #ca1 entire2 #b;d ,samuel1 chapter #a1 entire74 ,the ,substitute 7,le ,remplaant7 ,franois ,coppe 7,in ,modern ,short-stories edited by ,m4 ,ashmun47 ,,the ,,course ,,of ,,american ,,history ,,woodrow ,,wilson 7,in ,mere ,literature7 ,our national history has been written for the most part by ,new ,england men4 ,all honor to them6 ,their scholarship and their characters alike have given them an honorable enrollment amongst the great names of our literary history2 and no just man would say aught to detract1 were it never so little1 from their well-earned fame4 ,they have written our history1 nevertheless1 from but a single point of view4 ,from where they sit1 the whole of the great development looks like an ,expansion of ,new ,england4 ,other elements but play along the sides of the great process by which the ,puritan has worked out the development of nation and polity4 ,it is he who has gone out and possessed the land3 the man of destiny1 the type and impersonation of a chosen people4 ,to the ,southern writer1 too1 the story looks much the same1 if it be but followed to its culmination1--to its final storm and stress and tragedy in the great war4 ,it is the history of the ,suppression of the ,south4 ,spite of all her splendid contributions to the steadfast accomplishment of the great task of building the nation2 spite of the long leadership of her statesmen in the national counsels2 spite of her joint achievements in the conquest and occupation of the ,west1 the ,south was at last turned upon on every hand1 rebuked1 proscribed1 defeated4 ,the history of the ,united ,states1 we have learned1 was1 from the settlement at ,jamestown to the surrender at ,appomattox1 a long-drawn contest for mastery between ,new ,england and the ,south1--and the end of the contest we know4 ,all along the parallels of latitude ran the rivalry1 in those heroical days of toil and adventure during which population crossed the continent1 like an army advancing its encampments1 ,up and down the great river of the continent1 too1 and beyond1 up the slow incline of the vast steppes that lift themselves toward the crowning towers of the ,rockies1--beyond that1 again1 in the gold-fields and upon the green plains of ,california1 the race for ascendency struggled on1--till at length there was a final coming face to face1 and the masterful folk who had come from the loins of ,new ,england won their consummate victory4 ,it is a very dramatic form for the story4 ,one almost wishes it were true4 ,how fine a unity it would give our epic6 ,but perhaps1 after all1 the real truth is more interesting4 ,the life of the nation cannot be reduced to these so simple terms4 ,these two great forces1 of the ,north and of the ,south1 unquestionably existed1--were unquestionably projected in their operation out upon the great plane of the continent1 there to combine or repel1 as circumstances might determine4 ,but the people that went out from the ,north were not an unmixed people2 they came from the great ,middle ,states as well as from ,new ,england4 ,their transplantation into the ,west was no more a reproduction of ,new ,england or ,new ,york or ,pennsylvania or ,new ,jersey than ,massachusetts was a reproduction of old ,england1 or ,new ,netherland a reproduction of ,holland4 ,the ,southern people1 too1 whom they met by the western rivers and upon the open prairies1 were transformed1 as they themselves were1 by the rough fortunes of the frontier4 ,a mixture of peoples1 a modification of mind and habit1 a new round of experiment and adjustment amidst the novel life of the baked and untilled plain1 and the far valleys with the virgin forests still thick upon them3 a new temper1 a new spirit of adventure1 a new impatience of restraint1 a new license of life1--these are the characteristic notes and measures of the time when the nation spread itself at large upon the continent1 and was transformed from a group of colonies into a family of ,states4 ,the passes of these eastern mountains were the arteries of the nation's life4 ,the real breath of our growth and manhood came into our nostrils when first1 like ,governor ,spotswood and that gallant company of ,virginian gentlemen that rode with him in the far year #agaf1 the ,knights of the ,order of the ,golden ,horseshoe1 our pioneers stood upon the ridges of the eastern hills and looked down upon those reaches of the continent where lay the untrodden paths of the westward migration4 ,there1 upon the courses of the distant rivers that gleamed before them in the sun1 down the farther slopes of the hills beyond1 out upon the broad fields that lay upon the fertile banks of the ,father of ,waters1 up the long tilt of the continent to the vast hills that looked out upon the ,pacific--there were the regions in which1 joining with people from every race and clime under the sun1 they were to make the great compounded nation whose liberty and mighty works of peace were to cause all the world to stand at gaze4 ,thither were to come ,frenchmen1 ,scandinavians1 ,celts1 ,dutch1 ,slavs1--men of the ,latin races and of the races of the ,orient1 as well as men1 a great host1 of the first stock of the settlements3 ,english1 ,scots1 ,scots-,irish1--like ,new ,england men1 but touched with the salt of humor1 hard1 and yet neighborly too4 ,for this great process of growth by grafting1 of modification no less than of expansion1 the colonies1--the original thirteen ,states1--were only preliminary studies and first experiments4 ,but the experiments that most resembled the great methods by which we peopled the continent from side to side and knit a single polity across all its length and breadth1 were surely the experiments made from the very first in the ,middle ,states of our ,atlantic seaboard4 ,here from the first were mixture of population1 variety of element1 combination of type1 as if of the nation itself in small4 ,here was never a simple body1 a people of but a single blood and extraction1 a polity and a practice brought straight from one motherland4 ,the life of these ,states was from the beginning like the life of the country3 they have always shown the national pattern4 ,in ,new ,england and the ,south it was very different4 ,there some of the great elements of the national life were long in preparation3 but separately and with an individual distinction2 without mixture1--for long almost without movement4 ,that the elements thus separately prepared were of the greatest importance1 and run everywhere like chief threads of the pattern through all our subsequent life1 who can doubt8 ,they give color and tone to every part of the figure4 ,the very fact that they are so distinct and separately evident throughout1 the very emphasis of individuality they carry with them1 but proves their distinct origin4 ,the other elements of our life1 various though they be1 and of the very fibre1 giving toughness and consistency to the fabric1 are merged in its texture1 united1 confused1 almost indistinguishable1 so thoroughly are they mixed1 intertwined1 interwoven1 like the essential strands of the stuff itself3 but these of the ,puritan and the ,southerner1 though they run everywhere with the rest and seem upon a superficial view themselves the body of the cloth1 in fact modify rather than make it4 ,what in fact has been the course of ,american history8 ,how is it to be distinguished from ,european history8 ,what features has it of its own1 which give it its distinctive plan and movement8 ,we have suffered1 it is to be feared1 a very serious limitation of view until recent years by having all our history written in the ,east4 ,it has smacked strongly of a local flavor4 ,it has concerned itself too exclusively with the origins and ,old-,world derivations of our story4 ,our historians have made their march from the sea with their heads over shoulder1 their gaze always backward upon the landing-places and homes of the first settlers4 ,in spite of the steady immigration1 with its persistent tide of foreign blood1 they have chosen to speak often and to think always of our people as sprung after all from a common stock1 bearing a family likeness in every branch1 and following all the while old1 familiar1 family ways4 ,the view is the more misleading because it is so large a part of the truth without being all of it4 ,the common ,british stock did first make the country1 and has always set the pace4 ,there were common institutions up and down the coast2 and these had formed and hardened for a persistent growth before the great westward migration began which was to re-shape and modify every element of our life4 ,the national government itself was set up and made strong by success while yet we lingered for the most part upon the eastern coast and feared a too distant frontier4 ,but1 the beginnings once safely made1 change set in apace4 ,not only so3 there had been slow change from the first4 ,we have no frontier now1 we are told1--except a broken fragment1 it may be1 here and there in some barren corner of the western lands1 where some inhospitable mountain still shoulders us out1 or where men are still lacking to break the baked surface of the plains and occupy them in the very teeth of hostile nature4 ,but at first it was all frontier1--a mere strip of settlements stretched precariously upon the sea-edge of the wilds3 an untouched continent in front of them1 and behind them an unfrequented sea that almost never showed so much as the momentary gleam of a sail4 ,every step in the slow process of settlement was but a step of the same kind as the first1 an advance to a new frontier like the old4 ,for long we lacked1 it is true1 that new breed of frontiersmen born in after years beyond the mountains4 ,those first frontiersmen had still a touch of the timidity of the ,old ,world in their blood3 they lacked the frontier heart4 ,they were ,pilgrims in very fact1--exiled1 not at home4 ,fine courage they had3 and a steadfastness in their bold design which it does a faint-hearted age good to look back upon4 ,there was no thought of drawing back4 ,steadily1 almost calmly1 they extended their seats4 ,they built homes1 and deemed it certain their children would live there after them4 ,but they did not love the rough1 uneasy life for its own sake4 ,how long did they keep1 if they could1 within sight of the sea6 ,the wilderness was their refuge2 but how long before it became their joy and hope6 ,here was their destiny cast2 but their hearts lingered and held back4 ,it was only as generations passed and the work widened about them that their thought also changed1 and a new thrill sped along their blood4 ,their life had been new and strange from their first landing in the wilderness4 ,their houses1 their food1 their clothing1 their neighborhood dealings were all such as only the frontier brings4 ,insensibly they were themselves changed4 ,the strange life became familiar2 their adjustment to it was at length unconscious and without effort2 they had no plans which were not inseparably a part and a product of it4 ,but1 until they had turned their backs once for all upon the sea2 until they saw their western borders cleared of the ,french2 until the mountain passes had grown familiar1 and the lands beyond the central and constant theme of their hope1 the goal and dream of their young men1 they did not become an ,american people4 ,when they did1 the great determining movement of our history began4 ,the very visages of the people changed4 ,that alert movement of the eye1 that openness to every thought of enterprise or adventure1 that nomadic habit which knows no fixed home and has plans ready to be carried any whither1--all the marks of the authentic type of the ,american as we know him came into our life4 ,the crack of the whip and the song of the teamster1 the heaving chorus of boatmen poling their heavy rafts upon the rivers1 the laughter of the camp1 the sound of bodies of men in the still forests1 became the characteristic notes in our air4 ,a roughened race1 embrowned in the sun1 hardened in manner by a coarse life of change and danger1 loving the rude woods and the crack of the rifle1 living to begin something new every day1 striking with the broad and open hand1 delicate in nothing but the touch of the trigger1 leaving cities in its track as if by accident rather than design1 settling again to the steady ways of a fixed life only when it must3 such was the ,american people whose achievement it was to be to take possession of their continent from end to end ere their national government was a single century old4 ,the picture is a very singular one6 ,settled life and wild side by side3 civilization frayed at the edges1--taken forward in rough and ready fashion1 with a song and a swagger1--not by statesmen1 but by woodsmen and drovers1 with axes and whips and rifles in their hands1 clad in buckskin1 like huntsmen4 ,it has been said that we have here repeated some of the first processes of history2 that the life and methods of our frontiersmen take us back to the fortunes and hopes of the men who crossed ,europe when her forests1 too1 were still thick upon her4 ,but the difference is really very fundamental1 and much more worthy of remark than the likeness4 ,those shadowy masses of men whom we see moving upon the face of the earth in the far-away1 questionable days when states were forming3 even those stalwart figures we see so well as they emerge from the deep forests of ,germany1 to displace the ,roman in all his western provinces and set up the states we know and marvel upon at this day1 show us men working their new work at their own level4 ,they do not turn back a long cycle of years from the old and settled states1 the ordered cities1 the tilled fields1 and the elaborated governments of an ancient civilization1 to begin as it were once more at the beginning4 ,they carry alike their homes and their states with them in the camp and upon the ordered march of the host4 ,they are men of the forest1 or else men hardened always to take the sea in open boats4 ,they live no more roughly in the new lands than in the old4 ,the world has been frontier for them from the first4 ,they may go forward with their life in these new seats from where they left off in the old4 ,how different the circumstances of our first settlement and the building of new states on this side the sea6 ,englishmen1 bred in law and ordered government ever since the ,norman lawyers were followed a long five hundred years ago across the narrow seas by those masterful administrators of the strong ,plantagenet race1 leave an ancient realm and come into a wilderness where states have never been2 leave a land of art and letters1 which saw but yesterday the spacious times of great ,elizabeth1 where ,shakespeare still lives in the gracious leisure of his closing days at ,stratford1 where cities teem with trade and men go bravely dight in cloth of gold1 and turn back six centuries1--nay1 a thousand years and more1--to the first work of building states in a wilderness6 ,they bring the steadied habits and sobered thoughts of an ancient realm into the wild air of an untouched continent4 ,the weary stretches of a vast sea lie1 like a full thousand years of time1 between them and the life in which till now all their thought was bred4 ,here they stand1 as it were1 with all their tools left behind1 centuries struck out of their reckoning1 driven back upon the long dormant instincts and forgotten craft of their race1 not used this long age4 ,look how singular a thing3 the work of a primitive race1 the thought of a civilized6 ,hence the strange1 almost grotesque groupings of thought and affairs in that first day of our history4 ,subtle politicians speak the phrases and practice the arts of intricate diplomacy from council chambers placed within log huts within a clearing4 ,men in ruffs and lace and polished shoe-buckles thread the lonely glades of primeval forests4 ,the microscopical distinctions of the schools1 the thin notes of a metaphysical theology are woven in and out through the labyrinths of grave sermons that run hours long upon the still air of the wilderness4 ,belief in dim refinements of dogma is made the test for man or woman who seeks admission to a company of pioneers4 ,when went there by an age since the great flood when so singular a thing was seen as this3 thousands of civilized men suddenly rusticated and bade do the work of primitive peoples1--,europe frontiered6 ,of course there was a deep change wrought1 if not in these men1 at any rate in their children2 and every generation saw the change deepen4 ,it must seem to every thoughtful man a notable thing how1 while the change was wrought1 the simples of things complex were revealed in the clear air of the ,new ,world3 how all accidentals seemed to fall away from the structure of government1 and the simple first principles were laid bare that abide always2 how social distinctions were stripped off1 shown to be the mere cloaks and masks they were1 and every man brought once again to a clear realization of his actual relations to his fellows6 ,it was as if trained and sophisticated men had been rid of a sudden of their sophistication and of all the theory of their life1 and left with nothing but their discipline of faculty1 a schooled and sobered instinct4 ,and the fact that we kept always1 for close upon three hundred years1 a like element in our life1 a frontier people always in our van1 is1 so far1 the central and determining fact of our national history4 ,east and ,west1 an ever-changing line1 but an unvarying experience and a constant leaven of change working always within the body of our folk4 ,our political1 our economic1 our social life has felt this potent influence from the wild border all our history through4 ,the ,west is the great word of our history4 ,the ,westerner has been the type and master of our ,american life4 ,now at length1 as ,i have said1 we have lost our frontier2 our front lies almost unbroken along all the great coast line of the western sea4 ,the ,westerner1 in some day soon to come1 will pass out of our life1 as he so long ago passed out of the life of the ,old ,world4 ,then a new epoch will open for us4 ,perhaps it has opened already4 ,slowly we shall grow old1 compact our people1 study the delicate adjustments of an intricate society1 and ponder the niceties1 as we have hitherto pondered the bulks and structural framework1 of government4 ,have we not1 indeed1 already come to these things8 ,but the past we know4 ,we can see it steady and see it whole2 and its central movement and motive are gross and obvious to the eye4 ,till the first century of the ,constitution is rounded out we stand all the while in the presence of that stupendous westward movement which has filled the continent3 so vast1 so various1 at times so tragical1 so swept by passion4 ,through all the long time there has been a line of rude settlements along our front wherein the same tests of power and of institutions were still being made that were made first upon the sloping banks of the rivers of old ,virginia and within the long sweep of the ,bay of ,massachusetts4 ,the new life of the ,west has reacted all the while--who shall say how powerfully8--upon the older life of the ,east2 and yet the ,east has moulded the ,west as if she sent forward to it through every decade of the long process the chosen impulses and suggestions of history4 ,the ,west has taken strength1 thought1 training1 selected aptitudes out of the old treasures of the ,east1--as if out of a new ,orient2 while the ,east has itself been kept fresh1 vital1 alert1 originative by the ,west1 her blood quickened all the while1 her youth through every age renewed4 ,who can say in a word1 in a sentence1 in a volume1 what destinies have been variously wrought1 with what new examples of growth and energy1 while1 upon this unexampled scale1 community has passed beyond community across the vast reaches of this great continent6 ,,notes ,jamestown3--,a town in ,virginia1 the site of the first ,english settlement in ,america 7#afjg74 ,appomattox3--,in #ahfe ,lee surrendered to ,grant at ,appomattox1 ,virginia4 epic3--,a long narrative poem recounting in a stirring way some great series of events4 ,governor ,spotswood3--,governor of ,virginia in the early part of the eighteenth century4 ,knights of the ,golden ,horseshoe3--,in #agaf an exploring expedition under ,governor ,spotswood made a journey across the ,blue ,ridge4 ,the ,governor gave each member of the party a gold horseshoe1 as a souvenir4 ,celts3--,one of the early ,aryan races of southwestern ,europe2 the ,welsh and the ,highland ,scotch are descended from the ,celts4 ,slavs3--,the race of people inhabiting ,russia1 ,poland1 ,bohemia1 and ,servia4 ,latin races3--,the ,french1 ,spanish1 and ,italian people1 whose languages are derived chiefly from the ,latin4 ,orient3--,the far ,east--,india1 ,china1 ,japan1 etc4 ,norman3--,the ,norman-,french from northern ,france had been in possession of ,england for the greater part of a century 7#ajff-aaed7 when ,henry1 son of a ,saxon princess and a ,french duke 7,geoffrey of ,anjou7 came to ,england as ,henry ,,ii1 the first of the ,plantagenet line of ,english kings4 ,stratford3--,a small town on the ,avon ,river in ,england2 the birthplace of ,shakespeare4 dight3--,clothed4 7,what does an unabridged dictionary say about this word8 ,is it commonly used nowadays8 ,was it used in ,shakespeare's time8 ,why does the author use it here87 see it steady and see it whole3--,a quotation from the works of ,matthew ,arnold1 an ,english poet and critic4 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study ,what has been the disadvantage of having our history written by ,new ,england men8 ,do you know what particular ,new ,england men have written of ,american history8 ,what state is ,president ,wilson from8 ,what is meant by the ,suppression of the ,south8 ,why does the author put in the phrase we have learned8 ,does he believe what he is saying8 ,show where he makes his own view clear4 ,what story is it that one almost wishes were true8 ,went out from the ,north3 ,where8 ,how are the ,northerners and the ,southerners changed after they have gone ,west8 ,what new temper do they have8 ,how do they show their impatience of restraint8 ,what eastern mountains are meant here8 ,how did our nation gain new life when the pioneers looked westward from the eastern ridges8 ,why are we spoken of as a great compounded nation8 ,what are our mighty works of peace8 ,the author now shows how the ,middle ,seaboard ,states were a type of the later form of the nation1 because they had a mixed population4 ,what does he think about the influence of the ,puritan and the ,southerner8 ,note the questions that he asks regarding the course of ,american history4 ,see how he answers them in the pages that follow4 ,why does he say that the first frontiersmen were timid8 ,when1 according to the author1 did the great determining movement of our history begin8 ,why does he call the picture that he draws a singular one8 ,what is meant by civilization frayed at the edges8 ,how do the primitive conditions of our nation differ from the earliest beginnings of the ,european nations8 7,see the long passage beginning ,how different47 ,what is meant by ,europe frontiered8 ,look carefully on page #bfa1 to see what the author says is the central and determining fact of our national history4 ,what is the great word of our history8 ,has the author answered the questions he set for himself on page #bef8 ,what is happening to us as a nation now that we have lost our frontier8 ,what is the relation between the ,east and the ,west8 ,perhaps you will like to go on and read some more of this essay1 from which we have here only a selection4 ,do you like what the author has said8 ,what do you think of the way in which he has said it8 ,,theme ,,subjects ,life in the ,wilderness ,the ,log ,cabin ,la ,salle ,my ,friend from the ,west ,my ,friend from the ,east ,crossing the ,mountains ,early ,days in our ,state ,an ,encounter with the ,indians ,the ,coming of the ,railroad ,daniel ,boone ,a ,home on the ,prairies ,cutting down the ,forest ,the ,homesteader ,a ,frontier ,town ,life on a ,western ,ranch ,the ,old ,settler ,some ,stories of the ,early ,days ,moving ,west ,lewis and ,clark ,the ,pioneer ,the ,old ,settlers' ,picnic ,home-coming ,day in our ,town ,an ,explorer ,my ,trip through the ,west 7or the ,east7 ,the ,president ,,suggestions ,,for ,,writing ,la ,salle3--,look up1 in ,parkman's ,la ,salle or elsewhere1 the facts of ,la ,salle's life4 ,make very brief mention of his life in ,france4 ,contrast it with his experiences in ,america4 ,what were his reasons for becoming an explorer8 ,give an account of one of his expeditions3 his plans2 his preparations2 his companions2 his hardships2 his struggles to establish a fort2 his return to ,canada for help2 his failure or success4 ,perhaps you will want to write of his last expedition1 and its unfortunate ending4 ,speak of his character as a man and an explorer4 ,show briefly the results of his endeavors4 ,daniel ,boone3--,look up the adventures of ,daniel ,boone1 and tell some of them in a lively way4 ,perhaps you can imagine his telling them in his own words to a settler or a companion4 ,in that case1 try to put in the questions and the comments of the other person4 ,this will make a kind of dramatic conversation4 ,early ,days in our ,state3--,with a few changes1 you can use the outline given on page #bdi for ,early ,days in our ,county4 ,an ,encounter with the ,indians3--,tell a story that you have heard or imagined1 about some one's escape from the ,indians4 ,how did the hero happen to get into such a perilous situation8 ,briefly describe his surroundings4 ,tell of his first knowledge that the ,indians were about to attack him4 ,what did he do8 ,how did he feel8 ,describe the ,indians4 ,tell what efforts the hero made to get away or to protect himself4 ,make the account of his action brief and lively4 ,try to keep him before the reader all the time4 ,now and then explain what was going on in his mind4 ,this is often a good way to secure suspense4 ,tell very clearly how the hero succeeded in escaping1 and what his difficulties were in getting away from the spot4 ,condense the account of what took place after his actual escape4 ,where did he take refuge8 ,was he much the worse for his adventure8 ,,collateral ,,readings ,the ,course of ,american ,history 7in ,mere ,literature7 ,woodrow ,wilson ,the ,life of ,george ,washington ,the ,winning of the ,west ,theodore ,roosevelt ,stories of the ,great ,west ,hero ,tales from ,american ,history ,roosevelt and ,lodge ,the ,great ,salt ,lake ,trail ,inman and ,cody ,the ,old ,santa ,f ,trail ,h4 ,inman ,rocky ,mountain ,exploration ,reuben ,g4 ,thwaites ,daniel ,boone ,how ,george ,rogers ,clark ,won the ,northwest ,daniel ,boone and the ,wilderness ,road ,h4,a4 ,bruce ,the ,crossing ,winston ,churchill ,the ,conquest of ,arid ,america ,w4,e4 ,smythe ,the ,last ,american ,frontier ,f4,l4 ,paxon ,northwestern ,fights and ,fighters ,cyrus ,townsend ,brady ,western ,frontier ,stories ,the ,century ,company ,the ,story of ,tonty ,mary ,hartwell ,catherwood ,heroes of the ,middle ,west ,pony ,tracks ,frederic ,remington ,the ,different ,west ,a4,e4 ,bostwick ,the ,expedition of ,lewis and ,clark ,j4,k4 ,hosmer ,the ,trail of ,lewis and ,clark ,o4,d4 ,wheeler ,the ,discovery of the ,old ,northwest ,james ,baldwin ,boots and ,saddles ,elizabeth ,custer ,la ,salle and the ,discovery of the ,great ,west ,francis ,parkman ,the ,oregon ,trail ,samuel ,houston ,henry ,bruce ,the ,story of the ,railroad ,cy ,warman ,the ,pioneers ,walt ,whitman ,the ,story of the ,cowboy ,emerson ,hough ,woodrow ,wilson ,w4,b4 ,hale ,recollections of ,thirteen ,presidents ,john ,s4 ,wise ,presidential ,problems ,grover ,cleveland ,the ,story of the ,white ,house ,esther ,singleton ,,what ,i ,,know ,,about ,,gardening ,,charles ,,dudley ,,warner 7,from ,my ,summer in a ,garden7 ,,ninth ,,week ,i am more and more impressed with the moral qualities of vegetables1 and contemplate forming a science which shall rank with comparative anatomy and comparative philology1--the science of comparative vegetable morality4 ,we live in an age of protoplasm4 ,and1 if life-matter is essentially the same in all forms of life1 ,i purpose to begin early1 and ascertain the nature of the plants for which ,i am responsible4 ,i will not associate with any vegetable which is disreputable1 or has not some quality that can contribute to my moral growth4 ,i do not care to be seen much with the squashes or the dead-beets4444 ,this matter of vegetable rank has not been at all studied as it should be4 ,why do we respect some vegetables1 and despise others1 when all of them come to an equal honor or ignominy on the table8 ,the bean is a graceful1 confiding1 engaging vine2 but you never can put beans into poetry1 nor into the highest sort of prose4 ,there is no dignity in the bean4 ,corn1 which in my garden grows alongside the bean1 and1 so far as ,i can see1 with no affectation of superiority1 is1 however1 the child of song4 ,it waves in all literature4 ,but mix it with beans1 and its high tone is gone4 ,succotash is vulgar4 ,it is the bean in it4 ,the bean is a vulgar vegetable1 without culture1 or any flavor of high society among vegetables4 ,then there is the cool cucumber1 like so many people1--good for nothing when it is ripe and the wildness has gone out of it4 ,how inferior in quality it is to the melon1 which grows upon a similar vine1 is of a like watery consistency1 but is not half so valuable6 ,the cucumber is a sort of low comedian in a company where the melon is a minor gentleman4 ,i might also contrast the celery with the potato4 ,the associations are as opposite as the dining-room of the duchess and the cabin of the peasant4 ,i admire the potato1 both in vine and blossom2 but it is not aristocratic4 ,i began digging my potatoes1 by the way1 about the #dth of ,july2 and ,i fancy ,i have discovered the right way to do it4 ,i treat the potato just as ,i would a cow4 ,i do not pull them up1 and shake them out1 and destroy them2 but ,i dig carefully at the side of the hill1 remove the fruit which is grown1 leaving the vine undisturbed3 and my theory is that it will go on bearing1 and submitting to my exactions1 until the frost cuts it down4 ,it is a game that one would not undertake with a vegetable of tone4 ,the lettuce is to me a most interesting study4 ,lettuce is like conversation3 it must be fresh and crisp1 so sparkling that you scarcely notice the bitter in it4 ,lettuce1 like most talkers1 is1 however1 apt to run rapidly to seed4 ,blessed is that sort which comes to a head1 and so remains1 like a few people ,i know2 growing more solid and satisfactory and tender at the same time1 and whiter at the centre1 and crisp in their maturity4 ,lettuce1 like conversation1 requires a good deal of oil1 to avoid friction1 and keep the company smooth2 a pinch of attic salt2 a dash of pepper2 a quantity of mustard and vinegar1 by all means1 but so mixed that you will notice no sharp contrasts2 and a trifle of sugar4 ,you can put anything1 and the more things the better1 into salad1 as into a conversation2 but everything depends upon the skill of mixing4 ,i feel that ,i am in the best society when ,i am with lettuce4 ,it is in the select circle of vegetables4 ,the tomato appears well on the table2 but you do not want to ask its origin4 ,it is a most agreeable parvenu4 ,of course1 ,i have said nothing about the berries4 ,they live in another and more ideal region3 except1 perhaps1 the currant4 ,here we see that1 even among berries1 there are degrees of breeding4 ,the currant is well enough1 clear as truth1 and exquisite in color2 but ,i ask you to notice how far it is from the exclusive hauteur of the aristocratic strawberry1 and the native refinement of the quietly elegant raspberry4 ,i do not know that chemistry1 searching for protoplasm1 is able to discover the tendency of vegetables4 ,it can only be found out by outward observation4 ,i confess that ,i am suspicious of the bean1 for instance4 ,there are signs in it of an unregulated life4 ,i put up the most attractive sort of poles for my ,limas4 ,they stand high and straight1 like church-spires1 in my theological garden1--lifted up2 and some of them have even budded1 like ,aaron's rod4 ,no church-steeple in a ,new ,england village was ever better fitted to draw to it the rising generation on ,sunday than those poles to lift up my beans towards heaven4 ,some of them did run up the sticks seven feet1 and then straggled off into the air in a wanton manner2 but more than half of them went galivanting off to the neighboring grape-trellis1 and wound their tendrils with the tendrils of the grape1 with a disregard of the proprieties of life which is a satire upon human nature4 ,and the grape is morally no better4 ,i think the ancients1 who were not troubled with the recondite mystery of protoplasm1 were right in the mythic union of ,bacchus and ,venus4 ,talk about the ,darwinian theory of development and the principle of natural selection6 ,i should like to see a garden let to run in accordance with it4 ,if ,i had left my vegetables and weeds to a free fight1 in which the strongest specimens only should come to maturity1 and the weaker go to the wall1 ,i can clearly see that ,i should have had a pretty mess of it4 ,it would have been a scene of passion and license and brutality4 ,the pusley would have strangled the strawberry2 the upright corn1 which has now ears to hear the guilty beating of the hearts of the children who steal the raspberries1 would have been dragged to the earth by the wandering bean2 the snake-grass would have left the place for the potatoes under ground2 and the tomatoes would have been swamped by the lusty weeds4 ,with a firm hand1 ,i have had to make my own natural selection4 ,nothing will so well bear watching as a garden except a family of children next door4 ,their power of selection beats mine4 ,if they could read half as well as they can steal a while away1 ,i should put up a notice1 ,children1 beware6 ,there is ,protoplasm here4 ,but ,i suppose it would have no effect4 ,i believe they would eat protoplasm as quick as anything else1 ripe or green4 ,i wonder if this is going to be a cholera-year4 ,considerable cholera is the only thing that would let my apples and pears ripen4 ,of course ,i do not care for the fruit2 but ,i do not want to take the responsibility of letting so much life-matter1 full of crude and even wicked vegetable-human tendencies1 pass into the composition of the neighbors' children1 some of whom may be as immortal as snake-grass4 ,there ought to be a public meeting about this1 and resolutions1 and perhaps a clambake4 ,at least1 it ought to be put into the catechism1 and put in strong4 ,,tenth ,,week ,i ,,think ,i have discovered the way to keep peas from the birds4 ,i tried the scarecrow plan1 in a way which ,i thought would outwit the shrewdest bird4 ,the brain of the bird is not large2 but it is all concentrated on one object1 and that is the attempt to elude the devices of modern civilization which injure his chances of food4 ,i knew that1 if ,i put up a complete stuffed man1 the bird would detect the imitation at once2 the perfection of the thing would show him that it was a trick4 ,people always overdo the matter when they attempt deception4 ,i therefore hung some loose garments1 of a bright color1 upon a rake-head1 and set them up among the vines4 ,the supposition was1 that the bird would think there was an effort to trap him1 that there was a man behind1 holding up these garments1 and would sing1 as he kept at a distance1 ,you can't catch me with any such double device4 ,the bird would know1 or think he knew1 that ,i would not hang up such a scare1 in the expectation that it would pass for a man1 and deceive a bird2 and he would therefore look for a deeper plot4 ,i expected to outwit the bird by a duplicity that was simplicity itself4 ,i may have over-calculated the sagacity and reasoning power of the bird4 ,at any rate1 ,i did over-calculate the amount of peas ,i should gather4 ,but my game was only half played4 ,in another part of the garden were other peas1 growing and blowing4 ,to these ,i took good care not to attract the attention of the bird by any scarecrow whatever6 ,i left the old scarecrow conspicuously flaunting above the old vines2 and by this means ,i hope to keep the attention of the birds confined to that side of the garden4 ,i am convinced that this is the true use of a scarecrow3 it is a lure1 and not a warning4 ,if you wish to save men from any particular vice1 set up a tremendous cry of warning about some other1 and they will all give their special efforts to the one to which attention is called4 ,this profound truth is about the only thing ,i have yet realized out of my pea-vines4 ,however1 the garden does begin to yield4 ,i know of nothing that makes one feel more complacent1 in these ,july days1 than to have his vegetables from his own garden4 ,what an effect it has on the market-man and the butcher6 ,it is a kind of declaration of independence4 ,the market-man shows me his peas and beets and tomatoes1 and supposes he shall send me out some with the meat4 ,no1 ,i thank you1 ,i say carelessly3 ,i am raising my own this year4 ,whereas ,i have been wont to remark1 ,your vegetables look a little wilted this weather1 ,i now say1 ,what a fine lot of vegetables you've got6 ,when a man is not going to buy1 he can afford to be generous4 ,to raise his own vegetables makes a person feel1 somehow1 more liberal4 ,i think the butcher is touched by the influence1 and cuts off a better roast for me4 ,the butcher is my friend when he sees that ,i am not wholly dependent on him4 ,it is at home1 however1 that the effect is most marked1 though sometimes in a way that ,i had not expected4 ,i have never read of any ,roman supper that seemed to me equal to a dinner of my own vegetables1 when everything on the table is the product of my own labor1 except the clams1 which ,i have not been able to raise yet1 and the chickens1 which have withdrawn from the garden just when they were most attractive4 ,it is strange what a taste you suddenly have for things you never liked before4 ,the squash has always been to me a dish of contempt2 but ,i eat it now as if it were my best friend4 ,i never cared for the beet or the bean2 but ,i fancy now that ,i could eat them all1 tops and all1 so completely have they been transformed by the soil in which they grew4 ,i think the squash is less squashy1 and the beet has a deeper hue of rose1 for my care of them4 ,i had begun to nurse a good deal of pride in presiding over a table whereon was the fruit of my honest industry4 ,but woman6--,john ,stuart ,mill is right when he says that we do not know anything about women4 ,six thousand years is as one day with them4 ,i thought ,i had something to do with those vegetables4 ,but when ,i saw ,polly seated at her side of the table1 presiding over the new and susceptible vegetables1 flanked by the squash and the beans1 and smiling upon the green corn and the new potatoes1 as cool as the cucumbers which lay sliced in ice before her1 and when she began to dispense the fresh dishes1 ,i saw at once that the day of my destiny was over4 ,you would have thought that she owned all the vegetables1 and had raised them all from their earliest years4 ,such quiet1 vegetable airs6 ,such gracious appropriation6 ,at length ,i said1-- ,polly1 do you know who planted that squash1 or those squashes8 ,james1 ,i suppose4 ,well1 yes1 perhaps ,james did plant them to a certain extent4 ,but who hoed them8 ,we did4 ,we did6 ,i said in the most sarcastic manner4 ,and ,i suppose we put on the sackcloth and ashes1 when the striped bug came at four o'clock1 ,a4,m41 and we watched the tender leaves1 and watered night and morning the feeble plants4 ,i tell you1 ,polly1 said ,i1 uncorking the ,bordeaux raspberry vinegar1 there is not a pea here that does not represent a drop of moisture wrung from my brow1 not a beet that does not stand for a backache1 not a squash that has not caused me untold anxiety1 and ,i did hope--but ,i will say no more4 ,observation4--,in this sort of family discussion1 ,i will say no more is the most effective thing you can close up with4 ,i am not an alarmist4 ,i hope ,i am as cool as anybody this hot summer4 ,but ,i am quite ready to say to ,polly or any other woman1 ,you can have the ballot2 only leave me the vegetables1 or1 what is more important1 the consciousness of power in vegetables4 ,i see how it is4 ,woman is now supreme in the house4 ,she already stretches out her hand to grasp the garden4 ,she will gradually control everything4 ,woman is one of the ablest and most cunning creatures who have ever mingled in human affairs4 ,i understand those women who say they don't want the ballot4 ,they purpose to hold the real power while we go through the mockery of making laws4 ,they want the power without the responsibility4 7,suppose my squash had not come up1 or my beans--as they threatened at one time--had gone the wrong way3 where would ,i have been87 ,we are to be held to all the responsibilities4 ,woman takes the lead in all the departments1 leaving us politics only4 ,and what is politics8 ,let me raise the vegetables of a nation1 says ,polly1 and ,i care not who makes its politics4 ,here ,i sat at the table1 armed with the ballot1 but really powerless among my own vegetables4 ,while we are being amused by the ballot1 woman is quietly taking things into her own hands4 ,,notes comparative philology3--,the comparison of words from different languages1 for the purpose of seeing what relationships can be found4 protoplasm3--,the physical basis of life2 the substance which passes life on from one vegetable or animal to another4 attic salt3--,the delicate wit of the ,athenians1 who lived in the state of ,attica1 in ,greece4 parvenu3--,a ,french word meaning an upstart who tries to force himself into good society4 ,aaron's rod3--,see ,numbers1 #ag3a-aj4 ,bacchus and ,venus3--,bacchus was the ,greek god of wine2 ,venus was the ,greek goddess of love4 ,darwinian theory3--,charles ,r4 ,darwin 7#ahji-ahhb7 was a great ,english scientist who proved that the higher forms of life have developed from the lower4 natural selection3--,one of ,darwin's theories1 to the effect that nature weeds out the weak and unfit1 leaving the others to continue the species2 the result is called the survival of the fittest4 steal a while away3--,a quotation from a well known hymn beginning1-- ,i love to steal a while away ,from every cumbering care4 ,it was written in #ahbi1 by ,deodatus ,dutton4 ,roman supper3--,the ,romans were noted for the extravagance of their evening meals1 at which all sorts of delicacies were served4 ,john ,stuart ,mill3--,an ,english philosopher 7#ahjf-ahgc74 ,he wrote about theories of government4 ,polly3--,the author's wife4 the day of my destiny3--,a quotation from ,lord ,byron's poem1 ,stanzas to ,augusta his sister4 ,the lines run3-- ,though the day of my destiny's over1 ,and the star of my fate hath declined1 ,thy soft heart refused to discover ,the faults that so many could find4 sack-cloth and ashes3--,in old ,jewish times1 a sign of grief or mourning4 ,see ,esther1 #d3a2 ,isaiah1 #eh3e4 ,bordeaux3--,a province in ,france noted for its wine4 ,,questions ,,for ,,study ,the author is writing of the ninth and tenth weeks of his work2 he now has time to stop and moralize about his garden4 ,do not take what he says too seriously2 look for the fun in it4 ,is he in earnest about the moral qualities of vegetables8 ,why cannot the bean figure in poetry and romance8 ,can you name any prose or verse in which corn does8 ,explain what is said about the resemblance of some people to cucumbers4 ,why is celery more aristocratic than potato8 ,is them the right word in the sentence3 ,i do not pull them up8 ,explain what is meant by the paragraph on salads4 ,why is the tomato a parvenu8 ,does the author wish to cast a slur on the ,darwinian theory8 ,is it true that moral character is influenced by what one eats8 ,what is the catechism8 ,what do you think of the author's theories about scarecrows8 ,about saving men from any particular vice8 ,why does raising one's own vegetables make one feel generous8 ,how does the author pass from vegetables to woman suffrage8 ,is he in earnest in what he says8 ,what does one get out of a selection like this8 ,,theme ,,subjects ,my ,summer on a ,farm ,a ,garden on the ,roof ,the ,truck ,garden ,my ,first ,attempt at ,gardening ,raspberrying ,planting ,time ,the ,watermelon ,patch ,weeding the ,garden ,visiting in the ,country ,getting ,rid of the ,insects ,school ,gardens ,a ,window-box ,garden ,some ,weeds of our ,vicinity ,the ,scarecrow ,going to ,market ,votes for ,women ,how ,women ,rule ,a ,suffrage ,meeting ,why ,i ,believe or do not ,believe in ,woman's ,suffrage ,the ,militants ,,suggestions ,,for ,,writing ,my ,first ,attempt at ,gardening3--,tell how you came to make the garden4 ,was there any talk about it before it was begun8 ,what were your plans concerning it8 ,did you spend any time in consulting seed catalogues8 ,tell about buying 7or otherwise securing7 the seeds4 ,if you got them from some more experienced gardener than yourself1 report the talk about them4 ,tell how you made the ground ready2 how you planted the seeds4 ,take the reader into your confidence as to your hopes and uncertainties when the sprouts began to appear4 ,did the garden suffer any misfortunes from the frost1 or the drought1 or the depredations of the hens8 ,can you remember any conversation about it8 ,tell about the weeding1 and what was said when it became necessary4 ,trace the progress of the garden2 tell of its success or failure as time went on4 ,what did you do with the products8 ,did any one praise or make fun of you8 ,how did you feel8 ,did you want to have another garden8 ,the ,scarecrow3--,you might speak first about the garden--its prosperity and beauty1 and the fruit or vegetables that it was producing4 ,then speak about the birds1 and tell how they acted and what they did4 ,did you try driving them away8 ,what was said about them8 ,now tell about the plans for the scarecrow4 ,give an account of how it was set up1 and what clothes were put on it4 ,how did it look8 ,what was said about it8 ,give one or two incidents 7real or imaginary7 in which it was concerned4 ,was it of any use8 ,how long did it remain in its place8 ,votes for ,women3--,there are several ways in which you could deal with this subject3-- 7a7 ,if you have seen a suffrage parade1 you might describe it and tell how it impressed you4 7b7 ,perhaps you could write of some particular person who was interested in votes for women3 ,how did she or he look1 and what did she say8 7c7 ,report a lecture on suffrage4 7d7 ,give two or three arguments for or against woman's suffrage2 do not try to take up too many1 but deal with each rather completely4 7e7 ,imagine two people talking together about suffrage--for instance1 two old men2 a man and a woman2 a young woman and an old one2 a child and a grown person2 two children4 7f7 ,imagine the author of the selection and his wife ,polly talking about suffrage at the dinner table4 ,,collateral ,,readings ,my ,summer in a ,garden ,charles ,dudley ,warner ,being a ,boy ,in the ,wilderness ,my ,winter on the ,nile ,on ,horseback ,back-log ,studies ,a ,journey to ,nature ,a4,c4 ,wheeler ,the ,making of a ,country ,home ,a ,self-supporting ,home ,kate ,v4 ,st4 ,maur ,folks back ,home ,eugene ,wood ,adventures in ,contentment ,david ,grayson ,adventures in ,friendship ,the ,friendly ,road ,new ,lives for ,old ,william ,carleton ,a ,living without a ,boss ,anonymous ,the ,fat of the ,land ,j4,w4 ,streeter ,the ,jonathan ,papers ,elizabeth ,woodbridge ,adopting an ,abandoned ,farm ,kate ,sanborn ,out-door ,studies ,t4,w4 ,higginson ,the ,women of ,america ,elizabeth ,mc,cracken ,the ,country ,home ,e4,p4 ,powell ,blessing the ,cornfields 7in ,hiawatha7 ,h4,w4 ,longfellow ,the ,corn ,song 7in ,the ,huskers7 ,j4,g4 ,whittier ,charles ,dudley ,warner 7in ,american ,writers of ,to-day1 pp4 #hi-ajc7 ,h4,c4 ,vedder ,,the ,,singing ,,man ,,josephine ,,preston ,,peabody ,i ,he sang above the vineyards of the world4 ,and after him the vines with woven hands ,clambered and clung1 and everywhere unfurled ,triumphing green above the barren lands2 ,till high as gardens grow1 he climbed1 he stood1 ,sun-crowned with life and strength1 and singing toil1 ,and looked upon his work2 and it was good3 ,the corn1 the wine1 the oil4 ,he sang above the noon4 ,the topmost cleft ,that grudged him footing on the mountain scars ,he planted and despaired not2 till he left ,his vines soft breathing to the host of stars4 ,he wrought1 he tilled2 and even as he sang1 ,the creatures of his planting laughed to scorn ,the ancient threat of deserts where there sprang ,the wine1 the oil1 the corn6 ,he sang not for abundance4--,over-lords ,took of his tilth4 ,yet was there still to reap1 ,the portion of his labor2 dear rewards ,of sunlit day1 and bread1 and human sleep4 ,he sang for strength2 for glory of the light4 ,he dreamed above the furrows1 ',they are mine6' ,when all he wrought stood fair before his sight ,with corn1 and oil1 and wine4 ,truly1 the light is sweet ,yea1 and a pleasant thing ,it is to see the ,sun4 ,and that a man should eat ,his bread that he hath won2-- 7,so is it sung and said71 ,that he should take and keep1 ,after his laboring1 ,the portion of his labor in his bread1 ,his bread that he hath won2 ,yea1 and in quiet sleep1 ,when all is done4 ,he sang2 above the burden and the heat1 ,above all seasons with their fitful grace2 ,above the chance and change that led his feet ,to this last ambush of the ,market-place4 ',enough for him1' they said--and still they say-- ',a crust1 with air to breathe1 and sun to shine2 ,he asks no more6'--,before they took away ,the corn1 the oil1 the wine4 ,he sang4 ,no more he sings now1 anywhere4 ,light was enough1 before he was undone4 ,they knew it well1 who took away the air1 --,who took away the sun2 ,who took1 to serve their soul-devouring greed1 ,himself1 his breath1 his bread--the goad of toil2-- ,who have and hold1 before the eyes of ,need1 ,the corn1 the wine1--the oil6 ,truly1 one thing is sweet ,of things beneath the ,sun2 ,this1 that a man should earn his bread and eat1 ,rejoicing in his work which he hath done4 ,what shall be sung or said ,of desolate deceit1 ,when others take his bread2 ,his and his children's bread8-- ,and the laborer hath none4 ,this1 for his portion now1 of all that he hath done4 ,he earns2 and others eat4 ,he starves2--they sit at meat ,who have taken away the ,sun4 ,,ii ,seek him now1 that singing ,man4 ,look for him1 ,look for him ,in the mills1 ,in the mines2 ,where the very daylight pines1-- ,he1 who once did walk the hills6 ,you shall find him1 if you scan ,shapes all unbefitting ,man1 ,bodies warped1 and faces dim4 ,in the mines2 in the mills ,where the ceaseless thunder fills ,spaces of the human brain ,till all thought is turned to pain4 ,where the skirl of wheel on wheel1 ,grinding him who is their tool1 ,makes the shattered senses reel ,to the numbness of the fool4 ,perisht thought1 and halting tongue-- 7,once it spoke2--once it sung67 ,live to hunger1 dead to song4 ,only heart-beats loud with wrong ,hammer on1--,how long8 444 ,how long8--,how long8 ,search for him2 ,search for him2 ,where the crazy atoms swim ,up the fiery furnace-blast4 ,you shall find him1 at the last1-- ,he whose forehead braved the sun1-- ,wreckt and tortured and undone4 ,where no breath across the heat ,whispers him that life was sweet2 ,but the sparkles mock and flare1 ,scattering up the crooked air4 7,blackened with that bitter mirk1-- ,would ,god know ,his handiwork87 ,thought is not for such as he2 ,naught but strength1 and misery2 ,since1 for just the bite and sup1 ,life must needs be swallowed up4 ,only1 reeling up the sky1 ,hurtling flames that hurry by1 ,gasp and flare1 with ,why--,why1 444 ,why8444 ,why the human mind of him ,shrinks1 and falters and is dim ,when he tries to make it out3 ,what the torture is about4-- ,why he breathes1 a fugitive ,whom the ,world forbids to live4 ,why he earned for his abode1 ,habitation of the toad6 ,why his fevered day by day ,will not serve to drive away ,horror that must always haunt3-- 444 ,want 444 ,want6 ,nightmare shot with waking pangs2-- ,tightening coil1 and certain fangs1 ,close and closer1 always nigh 444 444 ,why8444 ,why8 ,why he labors under ban ,that denies him for a man4 ,why his utmost drop of blood ,buys for him no human good2 ,why his utmost urge of strength ,only lets ,them starve at length2-- ,will not let him starve alone2 ,he must watch1 and see his own ,fade and fail1 and starve1 and die4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 444 ,why8444 ,why8 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 ,heart-beats1 in a hammering song1 ,heavy as an ox may plod1 ,goaded--goaded--faint with wrong1 ,cry unto some ghost of ,god 444 ,how long8444 ,how long8 444 ,how long8 ,,iii ,seek him yet4 ,search for him6 ,you shall find him1 spent and grim2 ,in the prisons1 where we pen ,these unsightly shards of men4 ,sheltered fast2 ,housed at length2 ,clothed and fed1 no matter how6-- ,where the householders1 aghast1 ,measure in his broken strength ,nought but power for evil1 now4 ,beast-of-burden drudgeries ,could not earn him what was his3 ,he who heard the world applaud ,glories seized by force and fraud1 ,he must break1--he must take6-- ,both for hate and hunger's sake4 ,he must seize by fraud and force2 ,he must strike1 without remorse6 ,seize he might2 but never keep4 ,strike1 his once6--,behold him here4 7,human life we buy so cheap1 ,who should know we held it dear87 ,no denial1--no defence ,from a brain bereft of sense1 ,any more than penitence4 ,but the heart-beats now1 that plod ,goaded--goaded--dumb with wrong1 ,ask not even a ghost of ,god 444 ,how long8 ,when the ,sea gives up its dead1 ,prison caverns1 yield instead ,this1 rejected and despised2 ,this1 the ,soiled and ,sacrificed6 ,without form or comeliness2 ,shamed for us that did transgress ,bruised1 for our iniquities1 ,with the stripes that are all his6 ,face that wreckage1 you who can4 ,it was once the ,singing ,man4 ,,iv ,must it be8--,must we then ,render back to ,god again ,this ,his broken work1 this thing1 ,for ,his man that once did sing8 ,will not all our wonders do8 ,gifts we stored the ages through1 7,trusting that ,he had forgot7-- ,gifts the ,lord requird not8 ,would the all-but-human serve6 ,monsters made of stone and nerve2 ,towers to threaten and defy ,curse or blessing of the sky2 ,shafts that blot the stars with smoke2 ,lightnings harnessed under yoke2 ,sea-things1 air-things1 wrought with steel1 ,that may smite1 and fly1 and feel6 ,oceans calling each to each2 ,hostile hearts1 with kindred speech4 ,every work that ,titans can2 ,every marvel3 save a man1 ,who might rule without a sword4-- ,is a man more precious1 ,lord8 ,can it be8--,must we then ,render back to ,thee again ,million1 million wasted men8 ,men1 of flickering human breath1 ,only made for life and death8 ,ah1 but see the sovereign ,few1 ,highly favored1 that remain6 ,these1 the glorious residue1 ,of the cherished race of ,cain4 ,these1 the magnates of the age1 ,high above the human wage1 ,who have numbered and possesst ,all the portion of the rest6 ,what are all despairs and shames1 ,what the mean1 forgotten names ,of the thousand more or less1 ,for one surfeit of success8 ,for those dullest lives we spent1 ,take these ,few magnificent6 ,for that host of blotted ones1 ,take these glittering central suns4 ,few2--but how their lustre thrives ,on the million broken lives6 ,splendid1 over dark and doubt1 ,for a million souls gone out6 ,these1 the holders of our hoard1-- ,wilt thou not accept them1 ,lord8 ,v ,oh in the wakening thunders of the heart1 --,the small lost ,eden1 troubled through the night1 ,sounds there not now1--forboded and apart1 ,some voice and sword of light8 ,some voice and portent of a dawn to break8-- ,searching like ,god1 the ruinous human shard ,of that lost ,brother-man ,himself did make1 ,and ,man himself hath marred8 ,it sounds6--,and may the anguish of that birth ,seize on the world2 and may all shelters fail1 ,till we behold new ,heaven and new ,earth ,through the rent ,temple-vail6 ,when the high-tides that threaten near and far ,to sweep away our guilt before the sky1-- ,flooding the waste of this dishonored ,star1 ,cleanse1 and o'ewhelm1 and cry6 ,cry1 from the deep of world-accusing waves1 ,with longing more than all since ,light began1 ,above the nations1--underneath the graves1-- ',give back the ,singing ,man6' ,,notes and it was good3--,genesis1 #a3ca3 ,and ,god saw all that he had made1 and1 behold1 it was very good4 the ancient threat of deserts3--,isaiah1 #ce3a-b3 ,the desert shall rejoice and blossom as the rose4 after his laboring3--,luke1 #aj3g1 and #ast ,timothy1 #e3ah3 ,the laborer is worthy of his hire4 portion of his labor3--,ecclesiastes1 #b3aj3 ,for my heart rejoiced in my labor2 and this was my portion of all my labor4 the light is sweet3--,ecclesiastes1 #aa3g3 ,truly the light is sweet1 and a pleasant thing it is for the eyes to behold the sun4 ,how long3--,revelation1 #f3aj3 ,how long1 ,o ,lord1 holy and true1 dost thou not judge and avenge our blood on them that dwell on the earth8 when the sea3--,revelation1 #bj3ac3 ,and the sea gave up the dead which were in it4 rejected and despised3--,for this and the remainder of the stanza1 see ,isaiah1 #ec4 ,titans3--,in ,greek mythology1 powerful and troublesome giants4 ,cain3--,see the story of ,cain1 ,genesis1 #d3b-af4 searching like ,god3--,genesis1 #d3i3 ,and the ,lord said unto ,cain1 ,where is ,abel thy brother8 ,and he said1 ,i know not6 ,am ,i my brother's keeper8 ,temple-vail3--,at the death of ,christ1 the vail of the temple was rent2 see ,matthew1 #bg3ea4 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study#ae ,read the poem slowly and thoughtfully4 ,the singing man is the laborer who1 in days gone by1 was happy in his work4 ,people were not crowded into great cities1 and there was more simple out-door labor than there is now1 and less strife for wealth4 ,above the vineyards3 ,in ,europe1 vineyards are often planted on the slopes of hills and mountains4 ,what ancient country do you think of in connection with the corn grain1 the oil1 the wine8 ,were the laborers happy in that country8 ,what were the creatures of man's planting 7second stanza78 ,what was the ancient threat of deserts8 ,of what kind of deserts1 as described here8 ,of what deserts would this be true after the rainy season8 ,laughed to scorn3 ,does this mean outdid8 ,mentally insert the word something after still in the second line of the third stanza4 ,if the laborer in times gone by did not sing for abundance1 what did he sing for 7stanza three78 ,the verses in italics are a kind of refrain1 as if the laborer were singing to himself4 ,so is it said and sung refers to the fact that these lines are adapted from passages in the ,bible4 ,this last ambush3 ,what does the author mean here by suggesting that the laborer has been entrapped8 ,who are they in the line ',enough for him1' they said8 ,how did they take away the corn1 the oil1 the wine8 ,how did they take away the air and the sun8 ,who now has the product of the workman's toil8 ,what are the eyes of ,need8 ,is it true that one may work hard and still be in need8 ,if it is true1 who is to blame8 ,what are dim faces8 ,why does the author begin the word ,man with a capital8 ,what effect does too much hard work have upon the laborer8 ,what is the crooked air8 ,who is represented as saying ,why8 ,how does the world forbid the laborer to live8 ,why are there dotted lines before and after ,why and ,what and ,how long8 ,who are meant by ,them in the line beginning ,only lets8 ,why does the author say that the prisons are filled with ill-used laborers8 ,what does she mean by saying that the prisoners are bruised for our iniquities8 ,what is gained here by using the language of the ,bible8 ,the all-but-human means almost intelligent--referring to machinery4 ,does the author mean to praise the sovereign ,few8 ,who are these ,few magnificent8 ,are they really to blame for the sufferings of the poor8 ,himself in the line beginning ,of that lost1 refers to ,god4 ,what is meant here by a new ,heaven and a new ,earth8 ,what is this dishonored ,star8 ,what conditions does the author think will bring back the singing man8 ,are they possible conditions8 ,re-read the poem1 thinking of the author's protest against the sufferings of the poor and the selfishness of the rich4 ,what do you think of the poem8 ,,collateral ,,readings ,the ,singing ,man and ,other ,poems ,josephine ,preston ,peabody ,the ,piper ,the ,singing ,leaves ,fortune and ,men's ,eyes ,the ,wolf of ,gubbio ,the ,man with the ,hoe ,edwin ,markham ,,the ,,dance ,,of ,,the ,,bon-,,odori ,,lafcadio ,,hearn 7,from ,glimpses of ,unfamiliar ,japan1 ,volume ,i1 ,chapter ,,vi7 ,i ,at last1 from the verge of an enormous ridge1 the roadway suddenly slopes down into a vista of high peaked roofs of thatch and green-mossed eaves--into a village like a colored print out of old ,hiroshige's picture-books1 a village with all its tints and colors precisely like the tints and colors of the landscape in which it lies4 ,this is ,kami-,ichi1 in the land of ,hoki4 ,we halt before a quiet1 dingy little inn1 whose host1 a very aged man1 comes forth to salute me2 while a silent1 gentle crowd of villagers1 mostly children and women1 gather about the kuruma to see the stranger1 to wonder at him1 even to touch his clothes with timid smiling curiosity4 ,one glance at the face of the old inn-keeper decides me to accept his invitation4 ,i must remain here until to-morrow3 my runners are too wearied to go farther to-night4 ,weather-worn as the little inn seemed without1 it is delightful within4 ,its polished stairway and balconies are speckless1 reflecting like mirror-surfaces the bare feet of the maid-servants2 its luminous rooms are fresh and sweet-smelling as when their soft mattings were first laid down4 ,the carven pillars of the alcove 7toko7 in my chamber1 leaves and flowers chiseled in some black rich wood1 are wonders2 and the kakemono or scroll-picture hanging there is an idyl1 ,hotei1 ,god of ,happiness1 drifting in a bark down some shadowy stream into evening mysteries of vapory purple4 ,far as this hamlet is from all art-centres1 there is no object visible in the house which does not reveal the ,japanese sense of beauty in form4 ,the old gold-flowered lacquer-ware1 the astonishing box in which sweetmeats 7kwashi7 are kept1 the diaphanous porcelain wine-cups dashed with a single tiny gold figure of a leaping shrimp1 the tea-cup holders which are curled lotus-leaves of bronze1 even the iron kettle with its figurings of dragons and clouds1 and the brazen hibachi whose handles are heads of ,buddhist lions1 delight the eye and surprise the fancy4 ,indeed1 wherever to-day in ,japan one sees something totally uninteresting in porcelain or metal1 something commonplace and ugly1 one may be almost sure that detestable something has been shaped under foreign influence4 ,but here ,i am in ancient ,japan2 probably no ,european eyes ever looked upon these things before4 ,a window shaped like a heart peeps out upon the garden1 a wonderful little garden with a tiny pond and miniature bridges and dwarf trees1 like the landscape of a tea-cup2 also some shapely stones of course1 and some graceful stone lanterns1 or toro1 such as are placed in the courts of temples4 ,and beyond these1 through the warm dusk1 ,i see lights1 colored lights1 the lanterns of the ,bonku1 suspended before each home to welcome the coming of beloved ghosts2 for by the antique calendar1 according to which in this antique place the reckoning of time is still made1 this is the first night of the ,festival of the ,dead4 ,as in all other little country villages where ,i have been stopping1 ,i find the people here kind to me with a kindness and a courtesy unimaginable1 indescribable1 unknown in any other country1 and even in ,japan itself only in the interior4 ,their simple politeness is not an art2 their goodness is absolutely unconscious goodness2 both come straight from the heart4 ,and before ,i have been two hours among these people1 their treatment of me1 coupled with the sense of my utter inability to repay such kindness1 causes a wicked wish to come into my mind4 ,i wish these charming folk would do me some unexpected wrong1 something surprisingly evil1 something atrociously unkind1 so that ,i should not be obliged to regret them1 which ,i feel sure ,i must begin to do as soon as ,i go away4 ,while the aged landlord conducts me to the bath1 the wife prepares for us a charming little repast of rice1 eggs1 vegetables1 and sweetmeats4 ,she is painfully in doubt about her ability to please me1 even after ,i have eaten enough for two men1 and apologizes too much for not being able to offer me more4 ,there is no fish1 she says1 for to-day is the first day of the ,bonku1 the ,festival of the ,dead2 being the thirteenth day of the month4 ,on the thirteenth1 fourteenth1 and fifteenth of the month nobody may eat fish4 ,but on the morning of the sixteenth day1 the fishermen go out to catch fish2 and everybody who has both parents living may eat of it4 ,but if one has lost one's father or mother then one must not eat fish1 even upon the sixteenth day4 ,while the good soul is thus explaining ,i become aware of a strange remote sound from without1 a sound ,i recognize through memory of tropical dances1 a measured clapping of hands4 ,but this clapping is very soft and at long intervals4 ,and at still longer intervals there comes to us a heavy muffled booming1 the tap of a great drum1 a temple drum4 ,oh6 we must go to see it1 cries ,akira2 it is the ,bon-odori1 the ,dance of the ,festival of the ,dead4 ,and you will see the ,bon-odori danced here as it is never danced in cities--the ,bon-odori of ancient days4 ,for customs have not changed here2 but in the cities all is changed4 ,so ,i hasten out1 wearing only1 like the people about me1 one of those light wide-sleeved summer robes--yukata--which are furnished to male guests at all ,japanese hotels2 but the air is so warm that even thus lightly clad1 ,i find myself slightly perspiring4 ,and the night is divine1--still1 clear1 vaster than the nights of ,europe1 with a big white moon flinging down queer shadows of tilted eaves and horned gables1 and delightful silhouettes of robed ,japanese4 ,a little boy1 the grandson of our host1 leads the way with a crimson paper lantern2 and the sonorous echoing of geta1 the koro-koro of wooden sandals1 fills all the street1 for many are going whither we are going1 to see the dance4 ,a little while we proceed along the main street2 then1 traversing a narrow passage between two houses1 we find ourselves in a great open space flooded by moonlight4 ,this is the dancing-place2 but the dance has ceased for a time4 ,looking about me1 ,i perceive that we are in the court of an ancient ,buddhist temple4 ,the temple building itself remains intact1 a low1 long peaked silhouette against the starlight2 but it is void and dark and unhallowed now2 it has been turned1 they tell me1 into a schoolhouse4 ,the priests are gone2 the great bell is gone2 the ,buddhas and the ,bodhisattvas have vanished1 all save one1--a broken-handed ,jizo of stone1 smiling with eyelids closed1 under the moon4 ,in the centre of the court is a framework of bamboo supporting a great drum2 and about it benches have been arranged1 benches from the schoolhouse1 on which the villagers are resting4 ,there is a hum of voices1 voices of people speaking very low1 as if expecting something solemn2 and cries of children betimes1 and soft laughter of girls4 ,and far behind the court1 beyond a low hedge of sombre evergreen shrubs1 ,i see soft white lights and a host of tall gray shapes throwing long shadows2 and ,i know that the lights are the white lanterns of the dead 7those hung in cemeteries only71 and that the gray shapes are the shapes of tombs4 ,suddenly a girl rises from her seat1 and taps the huge drum once4 ,it is the signal for the ,dance of ,souls4 ,,ii ,out of the shadow of the temple a professional line of dancers files into the moonlight and as suddenly halts1--all young women or girls1 clad in their choicest attire2 the tallest leads2 her comrades follow in order of stature4 ,little maids of ten or twelve years compose the end of the procession4 ,figures lightly poised as birds1--figures that somehow recall the dreams of shapes circling about certain antique vases2 those charming ,japanese robes1 close-clinging about the knees1 might seem1 but for the great fantastic drooping sleeves1 and the curious broad girdles confining them1 designed after the drawing of some ,greek or ,etruscan artist4 ,and1 at another tap of the drum1 there begins a performance impossible to picture in words1 something unimaginable1 phantasmal1--a dance1 an astonishment4 ,all together glide the right foot forward one pace1 without lifting the sandal from the ground1 and extend both hands to the right1 with a strange floating motion and a smiling1 mysterious obeisance4 ,then the right foot is drawn back1 with a repetition of the waving of hands and the mysterious bow4 ,then all advance the left foot and repeat the previous movements1 half-turning to the left4 ,then all take two gliding paces forward1 with a single simultaneous soft clap of the hands1 and the first performance is reiterated1 alternately to the right and left2 all the sandaled feet gliding together1 all the supple hands waving together1 all the pliant bodies bowing and swaying together4 ,and so slowly1 weirdly1 the processional movement changes into a great round1 circling about the moon-lit court and around the voiceless crowd of spectators4 ,and always the white hands sinuously wave together1 as if weaving spells1 alternately without and within the round1 now with palms upward1 now with palms downward2 and all the elfish sleeves hover duskily together1 with a shadowing as of wings2 and all the feet poise together with such a rhythm of complex motion1 that1 in watching it1 one feels a sensation of hypnotism--as while striving to watch a flowing and shimmering of water4 ,and this soporous allurement is intensified by a dead hush4 ,no one speaks1 not even a spectator4 ,and1 in the long intervals between the soft clapping of hands1 one hears only the shrilling of the crickets in the trees1 and the shu-shu of sandals1 lightly stirring the dust4 ,unto what1 ,i ask myself1 may this be likened8 ,unto nothing2 yet it suggests some fancy of somnambulism1--dreamers1 who dream themselves flying1 dreaming upon their feet4 ,and there comes to me the thought that ,i am looking at something immemorially old1 something belonging to the unrecorded beginning of this ,oriental life1 perhaps to the crepuscular ,kamiyo itself1 to the magical ,age of the ,gods2 a symbolism of motion whereof the meaning has been forgotten for innumerable years4 ,yet more and more unreal the spectacle appears1 with silent smilings1 with its silent bowings1 as if obeisance to watchers invisible2 and ,i find myself wondering whether1 were ,i to utter but a whisper1 all would not vanish forever1 save the gray mouldering court and the desolate temple1 and the broken statue of ,jizo1 smiling always the same mysterious smile ,i see upon the faces of the dancers4 ,under the wheeling moon1 in the midst of the round1 ,i feel as one within the circle of a charm4 ,and verily1 this is enchantment2 ,i am bewitched1 by the ghostly weaving of hands1 by the rhythmic gliding of feet1 above all by the flittering of the marvellous sleeves--apparitional1 soundless1 velvety as a flitting of great tropical bats4 ,no2 nothing ,i ever dreamed of could be likened to this4 ,and with the consciousness of the ancient hakaba behind me1 and the weird invitation of its lanterns1 and the ghostly beliefs of the hour and the place1 there creeps upon me a nameless1 tingling sense of being haunted4 ,but no6 these gracious1 silent1 waving1 weaving shapes are not of the ,shadowy ,folk1 for whose coming the white fires were kindled3 a strain of song1 full of sweet1 clear quavering1 like the call of a bird1 gushes from some girlish mouth1 and fifty soft voices join the chant3-- ,sorota soroimashita odorikoga sorota1 ,soroikita1 kita hare yukata4 ,uniform to view as ears of young rice ripening in the field all clad alike in summer festal robes1 the company of dancers have assembled4 ,again only the shrilling of the crickets1 the shu-shu of feet1 the gentle clapping2 and the wavering hovering measure proceeds in silence1 with mesmeric lentor1--with a strange grace1 which by its very navet1 seems as old as the encircling hills4 ,those who sleep the sleep of centuries out there1 under the gray stones where the white lanterns are1 and their fathers1 and the fathers of their fathers' fathers1 and the unknown generations behind them1 buried in cemeteries of which the place has been forgotten for a thousand years1 doubtless looked upon a scene like this4 ,nay6 the dust stirred by those young feet was human life1 and so smiled and so sang under this self-same moon1 with woven paces and with waving hands4 ,suddenly a deep male chant breaks the hush4 ,two giants have joined the round1 and now lead it1 two superb young mountain peasants nearly nude1 towering head and shoulders above the whole of the assembly4 ,their kimono are rolled about their waists like girdles1 leaving their bronzed limbs and torsos naked to the warm air2 they wear nothing else save their immense straw hats1 and white tabi1 donned expressly for the festival4 ,never before among these people saw ,i such men1 such thews2 but their smiling beardless faces are comely and kindly as those of ,japanese boys4 ,they seem brothers1 so like in frame1 in movement1 in the timbre of their voices1 as they intone the same song3-- ,no demo yama demo ko wa umiokeyo1 ,sen ryo kura yori ko ga takara4 ,whether brought forth upon the mountain or in the field1 it matters nothing3 more than a treasure of one thousand ryo1 a baby precious is4 ,and ,jizo1 the lover of children's ghosts1 smiles across the silence4 ,souls close to nature's ,soul are these2 artless and touching their thought1 like the worship of that ,kishibojin to whom wives pray4 ,and after the silence1 the sweet thin voices of the women answer3-- ,oomu otoko ni sowa sanu oya wa1 ,oyade gozaranu ko no kataki4 ,the parents who will not allow their girl to be united with her lover2 they are not the parents1 but the enemies of their child4 ,and song follows song2 and the round ever becomes larger2 and the hours pass unfelt1 unheard1 while the moon wheels slowly down the blue steeps of the night4 ,a deep low boom rolls suddenly across the court1 the rich tone of some temple bell telling the twelfth hour4 ,instantly the witchcraft ends1 like the wonder of some dream broken by a sound2 the chanting ceases2 the round dissolves in an outburst of happy laughter1 and chatting1 and softly-voweled callings of flower-names which are names of girls1 and farewell cries of ,sayonara6 as dancers and spectators alike betake themselves homeward1 with a great koro-koro of getas4 ,and ,i1 moving with the throng1 in the bewildered manner of one suddenly roused from sleep1 know myself ungrateful4 ,these silvery-laughing folk who now toddle along beside me upon their noisy little clogs1 stepping very fast to get a peep at my foreign face1 these but a moment ago were visions of archaic grace1 illusions of necromancy1 delightful phantoms2 and ,i feel a vague resentment against them for thus materializing into simple country-girls4 ,,notes ,lafcadio ,hearn1 the author of this selection1 took a four days' journey in a jinrikisha to the remote country district which he describes4 ,he is almost the only foreigner who has ever entered the village4 ,bon-odori3--,the dance in honor of the dead4 ,hiroshige3--,a ,japanese landscape painter of an early date4 kuruma3--,a jinrikisha2 a two-wheeled cart drawn by a man4 hibachi3--7hi b' chi7 ,a brazier4 ,bonku3--,the ,festival of the ,dead4 ,the memory of tropical dances3--,lafcadio ,hearn had previously spent some years in the ,west ,indies4 ,akira3--,the name of the guide who has drawn the kuruma in which the foreigner has come to the village4 7,see page #ah of ,glimpses of ,unfamiliar ,japan47 yukata3--,pronounced yu k' ta4 geta3--,pronounced gee' ta1 not jee' ta2 high noisy wooden clogs4 7,see page #aj of ,glimpses of ,unfamiliar ,japan47 ,buddhist3--,one who believes in the doctrines of ,gautama ,siddartha1 a religious teacher of the sixth century before ,christ4 ,buddha3--,a statue representing the ,buddha ,siddartha in a very calm position1 usually sitting cross-legged4 ,bodhisattvas3--,pronounced bo di sht' vas2 gods who have almost attained the perfection of ,buddha 7,gautama ,siddartha74 ,jizo3--,a ,japanese ,god4 ,see page #big4 ,etruscan3--,relating to ,etruria1 a division of ancient ,italy4 ,etruscan vases have graceful figures upon them4 soporous3--,drowsy2 sleep-producing4 crepuscular3--,relating to twilight4 ,kamiyo3--,the ,age of the ,gods in ,japan4 hakaba3--,cemetery4 lentor3--,slowness4 with woven paces1 etc4 ,see ,tennyson's ,idylls of the ,king3 ,with woven paces and with waving arms4 tabi3--,white stockings with a division for the great toe4 ryo3--,about fifty cents4 ,kishibojin3--,pronounced ki shi bo' jin4 7,see page #if of ,glimpses of ,unfamiliar ,japan47 ,sayonara3--,good-bye4 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,study ,read the selection through rather slowly4 ,do not be alarmed at the ,japanese names3 they are usually pronounced as they are spelled4 ,perhaps your teacher will be able to show you a ,japanese print2 at least you can see on a ,japanese fan quaint villages such as are here described4 ,what sort of face has the host8 ,how does this ,japanese inn differ from the ,american hotel8 ,does there seem to be much furniture8 ,if the ,americans had the same sense of beauty that the ,japanese have1 what changes would be made in most houses8 ,why does the foreign influence make the ,japanese manufactures uninteresting and detestable8 ,if you have been in a shop where ,japanese wares are sold1 tell what seemed most striking about the objects and their decoration4 ,what is meant by the landscape of a tea-cup8 ,why does the author say so much about the remoteness of the village8 ,see how the author uses picture-words and sound-words to make his description vivid4 ,note his use of contrasts4 ,why does he preface his account of the dance by the remark that it cannot be described in words8 ,is this a good method8 ,how does the author make you feel the swing and rhythm of the dance8 ,do not try to pronounce the ,japanese verses3 ,notice that they are translated4 ,why are the ,japanese lines put in at all8 ,why does the author say that he is ungrateful at the last8 ,try to tell in a few sentences what are the good qualities of this selection4 ,make a little list of the devices that the author has used in order to make his descriptions vivid and his narration lively4 ,can you apply some of his methods to a short description of your own8 ,,theme ,,subjects ,a ,flower ,festival ,a ,pageant ,the ,may ,fte ,dancing out of ,doors ,a ,lawn ,social ,the ,old ,settlers' ,picnic ,the ,russian ,dancers ,a ,moonlight ,picnic ,children's ,games in the ,yard ,some ,japanese ,people that ,i have ,seen ,japanese ,students in our ,schools ,japanese ,furniture ,an ,oriental ,store in our ,town ,my ,idea of ,japan ,japanese ,pictures ,a ,street ,carnival ,an ,old-fashioned ,square ,dance ,the ,revival of ,folk-,dancing ,the ,girls' ,drill ,a ,walk in the ,village at ,night ,why ,we have ,ugly ,things in our ,houses ,do we have too much ,furniture in our ,houses8 ,what we can ,learn from the ,japanese ,,suggestions ,,for ,,writing ,an ,evening ,walk in the ,village3--,imagine yourself taking a walk through the village at nightfall4 ,tell of the time of day1 the season1 and the weather4 ,make your reader feel the approach of darkness1 and the heat1 or the coolness1 or the chill of the air4 ,what signs do you see about you1 of the close of day8 ,can you make the reader feel the contrast of the lights and the surrounding darkness8 ,as you walk along1 what sounds do you hear8 ,what activities are going on8 ,can you catch any glimpses1 through the windows1 of the family life inside the houses8 ,do you see people eating or drinking8 ,do you see any children8 ,are the scenes about you quiet and restful1 or are they confused and irritating8 ,make use of any incidents that you can to complete your description of the village as you see it in your walk4 ,perhaps you will wish to close your theme with your entering a house1 or your advance into the dark open country beyond the village4 ,my ,idea of ,japan3--,suppose that you were suddenly transported to a small town in ,japan3 ,what would be your first impression8 ,tell what you would expect to see4 ,speak of the houses1 the gardens1 and the temples4 ,tell about the shops1 and booths1 and the wares that are for sale4 ,describe the dress and appearance of the ,japanese men2 of the women2 the children4 ,speak of the coolies1 or working-people2 the foreigners4 ,perhaps you can imagine yourself taking a ride in a jinrikisha4 ,tell of the amusing or extraordinary things that you see1 and make use of incidents and conversation4 ,bring out the contrasts between ,japan and your own country4 ,a ,dance or ,drill3--,think of some drill or dance or complicated game that you have seen1 which lends itself to the kind of description in the selection4 ,in your work1 try to emphasize the contrast between the background and the moving figures2 the effects of light and darkness2 the sound of music and voices2 the sway and rhythm of the action4 ,re-read parts of ,the ,dance of the ,bon-odori1 to see what devices the author has used in order to bring out effects of sound and rhythm4 ,,collateral ,,readings ,glimpses of ,unfamiliar ,japan ,lafcadio ,hearn ,out of the ,east ,kokoro ,kwaidan ,a ,japanese ,miscellany ,two ,years in the ,french ,west ,indies ,japanese ,life in ,town and ,country ,g4,w4 ,knox ,our ,neighbors the ,japanese ,j4,k4 ,goodrich ,when ,i ,was ,young ,yoshio ,markino ,miss ,john ,bull ,when ,i ,was a ,boy in ,japan ,sakae ,shioya ,japanese ,girls and ,women ,alice ,m4 ,bacon ,a ,japanese ,interior ,japonica ,sir ,edwin ,arnold ,japan ,w4,e4 ,griffis ,human ,bullets ,tadayoshy ,sukurai ,the ,story of ,japan ,r4 ,van ,bergen ,a ,boy in ,old ,japan ,letters from ,japan ,mrs4 ,hugh ,frazer ,unbeaten ,tracks in ,japan ,isabella ,bird 7,bishop7 ,the ,lady of the ,decoration ,frances ,little ,little ,sister ,snow ,japan in ,pictures ,douglas ,sladen ,old and ,new ,japan 7good illustrations in color7 ,clive ,holland ,nogi ,stanley ,washburn ,japan1 the ,eastern ,wonderland ,d4,c4 ,angus ,peeps at ,many ,lands3 ,japan ,john ,finnemore ,japan ,described by ,great ,writers ,esther ,singleton ,the ,flower of ,old ,japan verse ,alfred ,noyes ,dancing and ,dancers of ,to-day ,caroline and ,chas4 ,h4 ,coffin ,the ,healthful ,art of ,dancing ,l4,h4 ,gulick ,the ,festival ,book ,j4,e4,c4 ,lincoln ,folk ,dances ,caroline ,crawford ,lafcadio ,hearn ,nina ,h4 ,kennard ,lafcadio ,hearn 7,portrait7 ,edward ,thomas ,the ,life and ,letters of ,lafcadio ,hearn ,elizabeth ,bisland ,the ,japanese ,letters of ,lafcadio ,hearn ,lafcadio ,hearn in ,japan ,yone ,noguchi ,lafcadio ,hearn 7,portraits7 ,current ,literature #db3ej ,,letters ,,thomas ,,bailey ,,aldrich ,,to ,,william ,,dean ,,howells ,,ponkapog1 ,,mass41 ,dec4 #ac1 #ahge4 ,,dear ,,howells1--,we had so charming a visit at your house that ,i have about made up my mind to reside with you permanently4 ,i am tired of writing4 ,i would like to settle down in just such a comfortable home as yours1 with a man who can work regularly four or five hours a day1 thereby relieving one of all painful apprehensions in respect to clothes and pocket-money4 ,i am easy to get along with4 ,i have few unreasonable wants and never complain when they are constantly supplied4 ,i think ,i could depend on you4 ,ever yours1 ,t4,b4,a4 ,p4,s4--,i should want to bring my two mothers1 my two boys 7,i seem to have everything in twos71 my wife1 and her sister4 ,,thomas ,,bailey ,,aldrich ,,to ,e4,s4 ,,morse ,,dear ,,mr4 ,,morse3 ,it was very pleasant to me to get a letter from you the other day4 ,perhaps ,i should have found it pleasanter if ,i had been able to decipher it4 ,i don't think that ,i mastered anything beyond the date 7which ,i knew7 and the signature 7at which ,i guessed74 ,there's a singular and perpetual charm in a letter of yours--it never grows old2 it never loses its novelty4 ,one can say to one's self every morning3 ,there's that letter of ,morse's4 ,i haven't read it yet4 ,i think ,i'll take another shy at it to-day1 and maybe ,i shall be able in the course of a few days to make out what he means by those t's that look like w's1 and those i's that haven't any eyebrows4 ,other letters are read1 and thrown away1 and forgotten2 but yours are kept forever--unread4 ,one of them will last a reasonable man a lifetime4 ,admiringly yours1 ,t4,b4 ,,aldrich4 ,,william ,,vaughn ,,moody ,,to ,,josephine ,,preston ,,peabody ,,the ,,quadrangle ,,club1 ,,chicago1 ,september #cj1 '#ii4 ,your generous praise makes me rather shamefaced3 you ought to keep it for something that counts4 ,at least other people ought3 you would find a bright ringing word1 and the proportion of things would be kept4 ,as for me1 ,i am doing my best to keep the proportion of things1 in the midst of no-standards and a dreary dingy fog-expanse of darkened counsel4 ,bah6 here ,i am whining in my third sentence1 and the purpose of this note was not to whine1 but to thank you for heart new-taken4 ,i take the friendly words 7for ,i need them cruelly7 and forget the inadequate occasion of them4 ,i am looking forward with almost feverish pleasure to the new year1 when ,i shall be among friendships which time and absence and half-estrangements have only made to shine with a more inward light2 and when1 so accompanied1 ,i can make shift to think and live a little4 ,do not wait till then to say ,welcome4 ,w4,v4,m4 ,,bret ,,harte ,,to ,,his ,,wife ,,lawrence1 ,,kansas1 ,october #bd1 #ahgc4 ,,my ,,dear ,,anna1-- ,i left ,topeka--which sounds like a name ,franky might have invented--early yesterday morning1 but did not reach ,atchison1 only sixty miles distant1 until seven o'clock at night--an hour before the lecture4 ,the engine as usual had broken down1 and left me at four o'clock fifteen miles from ,atchison1 on the edge of a bleak prairie with only one house in sight4 ,but ,i got a saddle-horse--there was no vehicle to be had--and strapping my lecture and blanket to my back ,i gave my valise to a little yellow boy--who looked like a dirty terra-cotta figure--with orders to follow me on another horse1 and so tore off towards ,atchison4 ,i got there in time2 the boy reached there two hours after4 ,i make no comment2 you can imagine the half-sick1 utterly disgusted man who glared at that audience over his desk that night4444 ,and yet it was a good audience1 thoroughly refined and appreciative1 and very glad to see me4 ,i was very anxious about this lecture1 for it was a venture of my own1 and ,i had been told that ,atchison was a rough place--energetic but coarse4 ,i think ,i wrote you from ,st4 ,louis that ,i had found there were only three actual engagements in ,kansas1 and that my list which gave ,kansas ,city twice was a mistake4 ,so ,i decided to take ,atchison4 ,i made a hundred dollars by the lecture1 and it is yours1 for yourself1 ,nan1 to buy ,minxes with1 if you want1 for it is over and above the amount ,eliza and ,i footed up on my lecture list4 ,i shall send it to you as soon as the bulk of the pressing claims are settled4 ,everything thus far has gone well2 besides my lecture of to-night ,i have one more to close ,kansas1 and then ,i go on to ,st4 ,joseph4 ,i've been greatly touched with the very honest and sincere liking which these ,western people seem to have for me4 ,they seem to have read everything ,i have written--and appear to appreciate the best4 ,think of a rough fellow in a bearskin coat and blue shirt repeating to me ,concepcion de ,arguello6 ,their strange good taste and refinement under that rough exterior--even their tact--are wonderful to me4 ,they are ,kentucks and ,dick ,bullens with twice the refinement and tenderness of their ,california brethren4444 ,i've seen but one woman that interested me--an old negro wench4 ,she was talking and laughing outside my door the other evening1 but her laugh was so sweet and unctuous and musical--so full of breadth and goodness that ,i went outside and talked to her while she was scrubbing the stones4 ,she laughed as a canary bird sings--because she couldn't help it4 ,it did me a world of good1 for it was before the lecture1 at twilight1 when ,i am very blue and low-toned4 ,she had been a slave4 ,i expected to have heard from you here4 ,i've nothing from you or ,eliza since last ,friday1 when ,i got yours of the #abth4 ,i shall direct this to ,eliza's care1 as ,i do not even know where you are4 ,your affectionate ,,frank4 ,,lafcadio ,,hearn ,,to ,,basil ,,hall ,,chamberlain ,,kumamoto1 ,,japan ,january #ag1 #ahic4 ,,dear ,,chamberlain1-- ,i'm writing just because ,i feel lonesome2 isn't that selfish8 ,however1 if ,i can amuse you at all1 you will forgive me4 ,you have been away a whole year1--so perhaps you would like to hear some impressions of mine during that time4 ,here goes4 ,the illusions are forever over2 but the memory of many pleasant things remains4 ,i know much more about the ,japanese than ,i did a year ago2 and still ,i am far from understanding them well4 ,even my own little wife is somewhat mysterious still to me1 though always in a lovable way4 ,of course a man and woman know each other's hearts2 but outside of personal knowledge1 there are race tendencies difficult to understand4 ,let me tell one4 ,in ,oki we fell in love with a little ,samurai boy1 who was having a hard time of it1 and we took him with us4 ,he is now like an adopted son1--goes to school and all that4 ,well1 ,i wished at first to pet him a little1 but ,i found that was not in accordance with custom1 and that even the boy did not understand it4 ,at home1 ,i therefore scarcely spoke to him at all2 he remained under the control of the women of the house4 ,they treated him kindly1--though ,i thought coldly4 ,the relationship ,i could not quite understand4 ,he was never praised and rarely scolded4 ,a perfect code of etiquette was established between him and all the other persons in the house1 according to degree and rank4 ,he seemed extremely cold-mannered1 and perhaps not even grateful1 that was1 so far as ,i could see4 ,nothing seemed to move his young placidity1--whether happy or unhappy his mien was exactly that of a stone ,jizo4 ,one day he let fall a little cup and broke it4 ,according to custom1 no one noticed the mistake1 for fear of giving him pain4 ,suddenly ,i saw tears streaming down his face4 ,the muscles of the face remained quite smilingly placid as usual1 but even the will could not control tears4 ,they came freely4 ,then everybody laughed1 and said kind things to him1 till he began to laugh too4 ,yet that delicate sensitiveness no one like me could have guessed the existence of4 ,but what followed surprised me more4 ,as ,i said1 he had been 7in my idea7 distantly treated4 ,one day he did not return from school for three hours after the usual time4 ,then to my great surprise1 the women began to cry1--to cry passionately4 ,i had never been able to imagine alarm for the boy could have affected them so4 ,and the servants ran over town in real1 not pretended1 anxiety to find him4 ,he had been taken to a teacher's house for something relating to school matters4 ,as soon as his voice was heard at the door1 everything was quiet1 cold1 and amiably polite again4 ,and ,i marvelled exceedingly4 ,sensitiveness exists in the ,japanese to an extent never supposed by the foreigners who treat them harshly at the open ports4444 ,the ,japanese master is never brutal or cruel4 ,how ,japanese can serve a certain class of foreigners at all1 ,i can't understand4444 ,this ,orient knows not our deeper pains1 nor can it even rise to our larger joys2 but it has its pains4 ,its life is not so sunny as might be fancied from its happy aspect4 ,under the smile of its toiling millions there is suffering bravely hidden and unselfishly borne2 and a lower intellectual range is counterbalanced by a childish sensitiveness to make the suffering balance evenly in the eternal order of things4 ,therefore ,i love the people very much1 more and more1 the more ,i know them4444 ,and with this1 ,i say good-night4 ,ever most truly1 ,,lafcadio ,,hearn4 ,,charles ,,eliot ,,norton ,,to ,,william ,,dean ,,howells ,,shady ,,hill1 #b ,may1 #aijb4 ,the ,kentons have been a great comfort to me4 ,i have been in my chamber1 with a slight attack of illness1 for two or three weeks1 and ,i received them one morning4 ,i could not have had kinder or more entertaining visitors1 and ,i was sorry when1 after two or three days1 ,i had to say ,good-bye to them4 ,they are very natural people1 just ,western4 ,i am grateful to you for making me acquainted with them4 ,just ,western is the acme of praise4 ,i think ,i once told you what pleasure it gave me as a compliment4 ,several years ago at the end of one of our ,christmas ,eve receptions1 a young fellow from the ,west1 taking my hand and bidding me ,good-night1 said with great cordiality1 ,mr4 ,norton1 ,i've had a delightful time2 it's been just ,western6 ,the ,kentons is really1 my dear ,howells1 an admirable study of life1 and as it was read to me my chief pleasure in listening was in your sympathetic1 creative imagination1 your insight1 your humour1 and all your other gifts1 which make your stories1 ,i believe1 the most faithful representations of actual life that were ever written4 ,other stories seem unreal after them1 and so when we had finished ,the ,kentons1 nothing would do for entertainment but another of your books3 so now we are almost at the end of ,silas ,lapham1 which ,i find as good as ,i found it fifteen or sixteen years ago4 ,as ,gray's idea of pleasure was to lie on a sofa and have an endless succession of stories by ,crbillon1--mine is to have no end of ,howells6444 ,,notes ,letter from ,william ,vaughn ,moody3-- darkened counsel3--,see ,job1 #ch3b4 ,moody seems to be referring here to the uncertainty of his plans for the future4 ,letter from ,bret ,harte3-- ,franky3--,francis ,king ,harte1 ,bret ,harte's second son1 who was eight years old at this time4 ,concepcion de ,arguello3--,one of ,bret ,harte's longer poems4 ,kentuck3--,a rough but kindly character in ,harte's ,the ,luck of ,roaring ,camp4 ,dick ,bullen3--,the chief character in ,how ,santa ,claus ,came to ,simpson's ,bar4 ,frank3--,bret ,harte's name was ,francis ,brett ,hart7e71 and his family usually called him ,frank4 ,letter from ,lafcadio ,hearn3-- ,chamberlain3--,professor ,chamberlain had lived for some years in ,japan1 when ,hearn1 in #ahij1 wrote to him1 asking assistance in securing a position as teacher in the ,japanese ,government ,schools4 ,the friendship between the two men continued until ,hearn's death4 ,samurai3--,pronounced s' m7oo ri2 a member of the lesser nobility of ,japan4 ,jizo3--,a ,japanese god1 said to be the playmate of the ghosts of children4 ,stone images of ,jizo are common in ,japan4 7,see page #ai of ,the ,japanese ,letters of ,lafcadio ,hearn47 ,,exercises ,,in ,,letter ,,writing ,you are planning a camping trip with several of your friends2 write to a friend who lives in another town1 asking him or her to join the camping party4 ,write to a friend asking him1 or her1 to come to your house for dinner and to go with you afterward to see the moving pictures4 ,write a letter to accompany a borrowed book1 which you are returning4 ,speak of the contents of the book1 and the parts that you have particularly enjoyed4 ,express your thanks for the use of the volume4 ,write a letter to an intimate friend1 telling of the occurrences of the last week4 ,do not hesitate to recount trifling events2 but make your letter as varied and lively and interesting as possible4 ,write to a friend about the new house or apartment that your family has lately moved into4 ,write to a friend or a relative who is visiting in a large city1 asking him or her to purchase some especial article that you cannot get in your home town4 ,explain exactly what you want and tell how much you are willing to pay4 ,speak of enclosing the money1 and do not fail to express the gratitude that you will feel if your friend will make the purchase for you4 ,you have been invited to spend the week-end in a town not far from your home4 ,write explaining why you cannot accept the invitation4 ,make your letter personal and pleasant4 ,write to some member of your family explaining how you have altered your room to make it more to your taste than it has been4 ,if you have not really changed the room1 imagine that you have done so1 and that it is now exactly as you want it to be4 ,you have heard of a family that is in great need4 ,write to one of your friends1 telling the circumstances and asking her to help you in providing food and clothing for the children in the family4 ,you have just heard some startling news about an old friend whom you have not seen for some time4 ,write to another friend who you know will be interested1 and relate the news that you have heard4 ,write to one of your teachers explaining why you are late in handing in a piece of work4 ,your uncle has made you a present of a sum of money4 ,thank him for the money and tell him what you think you will do with it4 ,a schoolmate is kept at home by illness4 ,write1 offering your sympathy and services1 and telling the school news4 ,you have had an argument with a friend on a subject of interest to you both4 ,since seeing this friend1 you have run across an article in a magazine1 which supports your view of the question4 ,write to your friend and tell him about the substance of the article4 ,your mother has hurt her hand and cannot write2 she has asked you to write to a friend of hers about some business connected with the ,woman's ,club4 ,you have arrived at home after a week's visit with a friend4 ,write your friend's mother1 expressing the pleasure that the visit has given you4 ,speak particularly of the incidents of the visit1 and show a lively appreciation of the kindness of your friends4 ,a friend whom you have invited to visit you has written saying that she 7or he7 is unable to accept your invitation4 ,write expressing your regret4 ,you might speak of the plans you had made in anticipation of the visit2 you might also make a more or less definite suggestion regarding a later date for the arrival of your friend4 ,you are trying to secure a position4 ,write to some one for whom you have worked1 or some one who knows you well1 asking for a recommendation that you can use in applying for a position4 ,write to your brother 7or some other near relative71 telling about a trip that you have recently taken4 ,write to one of your friends who is away at school1 telling of the athletic situation in the high school you are attending4 ,assume that your friend is acquainted with many of the students in the high school4 ,you are sending some kodak films to be developed by a professional photographer4 ,explain to him what you are sending and what you want done4 ,speak of the price that he asks for his work1 and the money that you are enclosing4 ,write a letter applying for a position4 ,if possible1 tell how you have heard of the vacancy4 ,state your qualifications1 especially the education and training that you have had2 if you have had any experience1 tell definitely what it has been4 ,mention the recommendations that you are enclosing1 or give references to several persons who will write concerning your character and ability4 ,do not urge your qualifications1 or make any promises1 but tell about yourself as simply and impersonally as possible4 ,close your letter without any elaborate expressions of hoping or trusting or thanking4 ,very truly yours1 or ,very respectfully yours1 will be sufficient4 ,you have secured the position for which you applied4 ,write expressing your pleasure in obtaining the situation4 ,ask for information as to the date on which you are to begin work4 ,write to a friend or a relative1 telling about your new position3 how you secured it2 what your work will be2 what you hope will come of it4 ,write a brief respectful letter asking for money that is owed you4 ,write to a friend considerably older than yourself1 asking for advice as to the appropriate college or training school for you to enter when you have finished the high school course4 ,,books ,,for ,,reading ,,and ,,study ,letters and ,letter-writing ,charity ,dye ,success in ,letter-writing ,sherwin ,cody ,how to do ,business by ,letter ,charm and ,courtesy in ,letter-writing ,frances ,b4 ,callaway ,studies for ,letters ,the ,gentlest ,art ,e4,v4 ,lucas ,the ,second ,post ,the ,friendly ,craft ,f4,d4 ,hanscom ,life and ,letters of ,miss ,alcott ,e4,d4 ,cheney 7,ed47 ,vailima ,letters ,r4,l4 ,stevenson ,letters of ,william ,vaughn ,moody ,daniel ,mason 7,ed47 ,letters from ,colonial ,children ,eva ,march ,tappan ,woman as ,letter-writers ,a4,m4 ,ingpen4 ,the ,etiquette of ,correspondence ,helen ,e4 ,gavit ,,exercises ,,in ,,dramatic ,,composition ,i4 ,write a conversation suggested by one of the following situations4 ,wherever it seems desirable to do so1 give1 in parentheses1 directions for the action1 and indicate the gestures and the facial expressions of the speakers4 #a4 ,tom has had trouble at school2 he is questioned at home about the matter4 #b4 ,two girls discuss a party that has taken place the night before4 #c4 ,a child and his mother are talking about ,christmas4 #d4 ,clayton ,wells is running for the presidency of the ,senior class in the high school2 he talks with some of his schoolmates1 and is talked about4 #e4 ,there has been a fire at the factory2 some of the men talk about its origin4 #f4 ,a girl borrows her sister's pearl pin and loses it4 #g4 ,unexpected guests have arrived2 while they are removing their wraps in the hall1 a conversation takes place in the kitchen4 #h4 ,anna wishes to go on a boating expedition1 but her father and mother object4 #i4 ,the crops in a certain district have failed2 two young farmers talk over the situation4 #aj4 ,two girls are getting dinner2 their mother is away1 and they are obliged to plan and do everything themselves4 #aa4 ,a boy has won a prize1 and two or three other boys are talking with him4 #ab4 ,the prize-winning student has gone1 and the other boys are talking about him4 #ac4 ,the furnace fire has gone out2 various members of the family express their annoyance1 and the person who is to blame defends himself4 #ad4 ,grandfather has lost his spectacles4 #ae4 ,laura has seen a beautiful hat in a shop window1 and talks with her mother about it4 #af4 ,two men talk of the coming election of city officers4 #ag4 ,a boy has been removed from the football team on account of his low standings2 members of the team discuss the situation4 #ah4 ,sylvia asks her younger brother to go on an errand for her2 he does not wish to go2 the conversation becomes spirited4 #ai4 ,grandmother entertains another old lady at afternoon tea4 #bj4 ,a working man is accused of stealing a dollar bill from the cook in the house where he is temporarily employed4 #ba4 ,mary ,sturgis talks with her mother about going away to college4 #bb4 ,a young man talks with his sister about woman's suffrage2 they become somewhat excited4 #bc4 ,a middle-aged couple talk about adopting a child4 #bd4 ,there is a strike at the mills2 some of the employees discuss it2 the employers discuss it among themselves4 #be4 ,an aunt in the city has written asking ,louise to visit her2 ,louise talks with several members of her family about going4 #bf4 ,two boys talk about the ways in which they earn money1 and what they do with it4 #bg4 ,albert ,gleason has had a run-away2 his neighbors talk about it4 #bh4 ,two brothers quarrel over a horse4 #bi4 ,ruth's new dress does not satisfy her4 #cj4 ,the storekeeper discusses neighborhood news with some of his customers4 #ca4 ,will has had a present of a five-dollar gold-piece2 his sisters tell him what he ought to do with it2 his ideas on the subject are not the same as theirs4 #cb4 ,an old house1 in which a well-to-do family have lived for many years1 is to be torn down2 a group of neighbors talk about the house and the family4 #cc4 ,a young man talks with a business man about a position4 #cd4 ,harold buys a canoe2 he converses with the boy who sells it to him1 and also with some of the members of his own family4 #ce4 ,two old men talk about the pranks they played when they were boys4 #cf4 ,several young men talk about a recent baseball game4 #cg4 ,several young men talk about a coming ,league game4 #ch4 ,breakfast is late4 #ci4 ,a mysterious stranger has appeared in the village2 a group of people talk about him4 #dj4 ,herbert ,elliott takes out his father's automobile without permission1 and damages it seriously2 he tries to explain4 #da4 ,jerome ,connor has just made the high school football team4 #db4 ,two boys plan a camping trip4 #dc4 ,several boys are camping1 and one of the number does not seem willing to do his share of the work4 #dd4 ,several young people consider what they are going to do when they have finished school4 #de4 ,two women talk about the spring fashions4 ,,ii4 ,choose some familiar fairy-tale or well known children's story1 and put it into the form of a little play for children4 ,find a story that is rather short1 and that has a good deal of dialogue in it4 ,in writing the play1 try to make the conversation simple and lively4 ,,iii4 ,in a story book for children1 find a short story and put it into dialogue form4 ,it will be wise to select a story that already contains a large proportion of conversation4 ,,iv4 ,from a magazine or a book of short stories 7not for children71 select a very brief piece of narration1 and put it into dramatic form4 ,after you have finished1 write out directions for the setting of the stage1 if you have not already done so1 and give your idea of what the costuming ought to be4 ,,modern ,,books ,,for ,,home ,,reading ,not included in the lists of ,collateral ,readings ,,books ,,of ,,fiction ,two ,gentlemen of ,kentucky ,james ,lane ,allen ,standish of ,standish ,jane ,g4 ,austin ,d'ri and ,i ,irving ,bacheller ,eben ,holden ,the ,halfback ,r4,h4 ,barbour ,for ,king or ,country ,james ,barnes ,a ,loyal ,traitor ,a ,bow of ,orange ,ribbon ,amelia ,e4 ,barr ,jan ,vedder's ,wife ,remember the ,alamo ,the ,little ,minister ,j4,m4 ,barrie ,the ,little ,white ,bird ,sentimental ,tommy ,wee ,mac,gregor ,j4,j4 ,bell4 ,looking ,backward ,edward ,bellamy ,master ,skylark ,john ,bennett ,a ,princess of ,thule ,william ,black ,lorne ,doone ,r4,d4 ,blackmore ,mary ,cary ,k4,l4 ,bosher ,miss ,gibbie ,gault ,jane ,eyre ,charlotte ,bront ,villette ,meadow ,grass ,alice ,brown ,tiverton ,tales ,the ,story of a ,ploughboy ,james ,bryce ,my ,robin ,f4,h4 ,burnett ,the ,secret ,garden ,t4 ,tembarom ,the ,jackknife ,man ,ellis ,parker ,butler ,the ,begum's ,daughter ,e4,l4 ,bynner ,bonaventure ,g4,w4 ,cable ,dr4 ,sevier ,the ,golden ,rule ,dollivers ,margaret ,cameron ,the ,lady of ,fort ,st4 ,john ,mary ,hartwell ,catherwood ,lazarre ,old ,kaskaskia ,the ,romance of ,dollard ,the ,story of ,tonty ,the ,white ,islander ,richard ,carvel ,winston ,churchill ,a ,connecticut ,yankee in ,king ,arthur's ,court ,samuel ,l4 ,clemens 7,mark ,twain7 ,pudd'nhead ,wilson ,the ,prince and the ,pauper ,tom ,sawyer ,john ,halifax1 ,gentleman ,d4,m4 ,craik 7,miss ,mulock7 ,the ,red ,badge of ,courage ,stephen ,crane ,whilomville ,stories ,a ,roman ,singer ,f4,m4 ,crawford ,saracinesca ,zoroaster ,the ,lilac ,sunbonnet ,s4,r4 ,crockett ,the ,stickit ,minister ,smith ,college ,stories ,j4,d4 ,daskam ,bacon ,gallegher ,r4,h4 ,davis ,the ,princess ,aline ,soldiers of ,fortune ,old ,chester ,tales ,margaret ,deland ,the ,story of a ,child ,hugh ,gwyeth ,b4,m4 ,dix ,soldier ,rigdale ,rebecca ,mary ,annie ,hamilton ,donnell ,the ,very ,small ,person ,the ,adventures of ,sherlock ,holmes ,a4 ,conan ,doyle ,micah ,clarke ,the ,refugees ,uncle ,bernac ,the ,black ,tulip ,alexander ,dumas ,the ,three ,musketeers ,doctor ,luke of the ,labrador ,norman ,duncan ,the ,story of ,sonny ,sahib ,sara ,j4 ,duncan ,the ,hoosier ,schoolboy ,edward ,eggleston ,the ,hoosier ,schoolmaster ,the ,honorable ,peter ,stirling ,p4,l4 ,ford ,janice ,meredith ,in the ,valley ,harold ,frederic ,a ,new ,england ,nun ,m4,e4 ,wilkins ,freeman ,the ,portion of ,labor ,six ,trees ,friendship ,village ,zona ,gale ,boy ,life on the ,prairie ,hamlin ,garland ,prairie ,folks ,toby3 ,the ,story of a ,dog ,elizabeth ,goldsmith ,college ,girls ,abby ,carter ,goodloe ,glengarry ,school ,days ,charles ,w4 ,gordon 7,ralph ,connor7 ,the ,man from ,glengarry ,the ,prospector ,the ,sky ,pilot ,the ,man ,without a ,country ,e4,e4 ,hale ,nights with ,uncle ,remus ,j4,c4 ,harris ,the ,log of a ,sea ,angler ,c4,f4 ,holder ,phroso ,anthony ,hope ,hawkins ,the ,prisoner of ,zenda ,rupert of ,hentzau ,one ,summer ,b4,w4 ,howard ,the ,flight of ,pony ,baker ,w4,d4 ,howells ,tom ,brown at ,oxford ,thomas ,hughes ,tom ,brown's ,school ,days ,the ,lady of the ,barge ,w4,w4 ,jacobs ,odd ,craft ,ramona ,h4,h4 ,jackson ,little ,citizens ,myra ,kelly ,wards of ,liberty ,horseshoe ,robinson ,j4,p4 ,kennedy ,the ,brushwood ,boy ,rudyard ,kipling ,captains ,courageous ,the ,jungle ,book ,kim ,puck of ,pook's ,hill ,tales of the ,fish ,patrol ,jack ,london ,the ,slowcoach ,e4,v4 ,lucas ,beside the ,bonnie ,brier ,bush ,ian ,maclaren 7,john ,watson7 ,a ,doctor of the ,old ,school ,peg o' my ,heart ,j4,h4 ,manners ,emmy ,lou ,g4,m4 ,martin ,tilly3 ,a ,mennonite ,maid ,h4,r4 ,martin ,jim ,davis ,john ,masefield ,four ,feathers ,a4,e4,w4 ,mason ,the ,adventures of ,franois ,s4,w4 ,mitchell ,hugh ,wynne ,anne of ,avonlea ,l4,m4 ,montgomery ,anne of ,green ,gables ,the ,chronicles of ,avonlea ,down the ,ravine ,mary ,n4 ,murfree 7,charles ,egbert ,craddock7 ,in the ,tennessee ,mountains ,mary ,n4 ,murfree ,the ,mystery of ,witch-,face ,mountain ,the ,prophet of the ,great ,smoky ,mountains ,the ,house of a ,thousand ,candles ,meredith ,nicholson ,mother ,kathleen ,norris ,peanut ,a4,b4 ,paine ,judgments of the ,sea ,ralph ,d4 ,paine ,the ,man with the ,iron ,hand ,john ,c4 ,parish ,pierre and his ,people ,gilbert ,parker ,seats of the ,mighty ,when ,valmond ,came to ,pontiac ,a ,madonna of the ,tubs ,e4,s4 ,phelps ,ward ,a ,singular ,life ,e4,s4 ,phelps ,ward ,freckles ,g4,s4 ,porter ,ezekiel ,lucy ,pratt ,ezekiel ,expands ,november ,joe ,hesketh ,prichard ,men of ,iron ,howard ,pyle ,the ,merry ,adventures of ,robin ,hood ,the ,splendid ,spur ,a4,t4 ,quiller-,couch ,lovey ,mary ,alice ,hegan ,rice ,mrs4 ,wiggs of the ,cabbage ,patch ,sandy ,the ,feet of the ,furtive ,c4,g4,d4 ,roberts ,the ,heart of an ,ancient ,wood ,c4,g4,d4 ,roberts ,the ,wreck of the ,grosvenor ,w4,c4 ,russell ,two ,girls of ,old ,new ,jersey ,agnes ,c4 ,sage ,little ,jarvis ,molly ,elliot ,seawell ,a ,virginia ,cavalier ,the ,quest of the ,fish-,dog ,skin ,j4,w4 ,schultz ,the ,black ,arrow ,robert ,louis ,stevenson ,david ,balfour ,the ,master of ,ballantrae ,st4 ,ives ,the ,fugitive ,blacksmith ,c4,d4 ,stewart ,the ,casting ,away of ,mrs4 ,lecks and ,mrs4 ,aleshine ,frank ,r4 ,stockton ,the ,dusantes ,the ,lady or the ,tiger ,the ,merry ,chanter ,rudder ,grange ,napoleon ,jackson ,ruth ,mc,e4 ,stuart ,sonny ,monsieur ,beaucaire ,booth ,tarkington ,expiation ,octave ,thanet 7,alice ,french7 ,stories of a ,western ,town ,the ,golden ,book of ,venice ,f4,l4 ,turnbull ,w4,a4,g4's ,tale ,margaret ,turnbull ,ben ,hur ,lew ,wallace ,a ,fair ,god ,my ,rag ,picker ,mary ,e4 ,waller ,the ,wood ,carver of ',lympus ,the ,story of ,ab ,stanley ,waterloo ,daddy ,long-,legs ,jean ,webster ,a ,gentleman of ,france ,stanley ,j4 ,weyman ,under the ,red ,robe ,the ,blazed ,trail ,stewart ,edward ,white ,the ,conjuror's ,house ,the ,silent ,places ,the ,westerners ,a ,certain ,rich ,man ,william ,allen ,white ,the ,court of ,boyville ,stratagems and ,spoils ,the ,gayworthys ,a4,d4,t4 ,whitney ,mother ,carey's ,chickens ,k4,d4 ,wiggin ,riggs ,rebecca of ,sunnybrook ,farm ,the ,chronicles of ,rebecca ,the ,story of ,waitstill ,baxter ,princeton ,stories ,j4,l4 ,williams ,philosophy ,four ,owen ,wister ,the ,virginian ,bootles' ,baby ,john ,strange ,winter 7,h4,e4 ,stannard7 ,the ,widow ,o',callaghan's ,boys ,gulielma ,zollinger 7,w4,z4 ,gladwin7 ,,non-,,fiction ,,books ,the ,klondike ,stampede ,e4,t4 ,adney ,the ,land of ,little ,rain ,mary ,austin ,camps in the ,rockies ,w4,a4 ,baillie-,grohman ,the ,boys' ,book of ,inventions ,r4,s4 ,baker ,a ,second ,book of ,inventions ,my ,book of ,little ,dogs ,f4,t4 ,barton ,the ,lighter ,side of ,irish ,life ,g4,a4 ,birmingham 7,j4,o4 ,hannay7 ,wonderful ,escapes by ,americans ,w4,s4 ,booth ,the ,training of ,wild ,animals ,frank ,bostock ,confederate ,portraits ,gamaliel ,bradford ,american ,fights and ,fighters ,cyrus ,t4 ,brady ,commodore ,paul ,jones ,the ,conquest of the ,southwest ,the ,every-,day ,life of ,abraham ,lincoln ,f4,f4 ,browne ,the ,boyhood and ,youth of ,napoleon ,oscar ,browning ,the ,new ,north ,agnes ,cameron ,the ,boys' ,book of ,modern ,marvels ,c4,l4,j4 ,clarke ,the ,boys' ,book of ,airships ,personal ,recollections of ,joan of ,arc ,samuel ,l4 ,clemens ,the ,wireless ,man ,f4,a4 ,collins ,old ,boston ,days and ,ways ,m4,c4 ,crawford ,romantic ,days in ,old ,boston ,harriet ,beecher ,stowe ,m4,f4 ,crowe ,wild ,animals and the ,camera ,w4,p4 ,dando ,football ,p4,h4 ,davis ,stories of ,inventors ,russell ,doubleday ,navigating the ,air ,doubleday ,page and ,co4 ,mr4 ,dooley's ,opinions ,f4,p4 ,dunne ,mr4 ,dooley's ,philosophy ,edison3 ,his ,life and ,inventions ,dyer and ,martin ,child ,life in ,colonial ,days ,alice ,morse ,earle ,colonial ,days in ,old ,new ,york ,stage ,coach and ,tavern ,days ,two ,centuries of ,costume in ,america ,old ,indian ,days ,charles ,eastman ,the ,life of the ,fly ,j4,h4 ,fabre ,the ,life of the ,spider ,the ,wonders of the ,heavens ,camille ,flammarion ,boys and ,girls3 ,a ,book of ,verse ,j4,w4 ,foley ,following the ,sun ,flag ,john ,fox1 ,jr4 ,four ,months ,afoot in ,spain ,harry ,a4 ,franck ,a ,vagabond ,journey around the ,world ,zone ,policeman #hh ,the ,trail of the ,gold ,seeker ,hamlin ,garland ,in ,eastern ,wonder ,lands ,c4,e4 ,gibson ,the ,hearth of ,youth3 ,poems for ,young ,people ,jeannette ,gilder 7,ed47 ,heroes of the ,elizabethan ,ago ,edward ,gilliat ,camping on ,western ,trails ,e4,r4 ,gregor ,camping in the ,winter ,woods ,american ,big ,game ,g4,b4 ,grinnell 7,ed47 ,trail and ,camp ,fire ,grinnell and ,roosevelt 7,ed47 ,life at ,west ,point ,h4,i4 ,hancock ,camp ,kits and ,camp ,life ,c4,s4 ,hanks ,the ,boys' ,parkman ,l4,s4 ,hasbrouck 7,ed47 ,historic ,adventures ,r4,s4 ,holland ,camp ,fires in the ,canadian ,rockies ,w4,t4 ,hornaday ,our ,vanishing ,wild ,life ,taxidermy and ,zological ,collecting ,two ,years in the ,jungle ,my ,mark ,twain ,w4,d4 ,howells ,a ,woman's ,way through ,unknown ,labrador ,mrs4 ,leonidas ,hubbard ,animal ,competitors ,ernest ,ingersoll ,my ,lady of the ,chimney ,corner ,alexander ,irvine ,the ,indians of the ,painted ,desert ,region ,g4,w4 ,james ,the ,boys' ,book of ,explorations ,tudor ,jenks ,through the ,south ,sea with ,jack ,london ,martin ,johnson ,a ,wayfarer in ,china ,elizabeth ,kendall ,the ,tragedy of ,pelee ,george ,kennan ,recollections of a ,drummer ,boy ,h4,m4 ,kieffer ,the ,story of the ,trapper ,a4,c4 ,laut ,animals of the ,past ,f4,a4 ,lucas ,marjorie ,fleming ,l4 ,macbean 7,ed47 ,from ,sail to ,steam ,a4,t4 ,mahan egean ,days and ,other ,sojourns ,j4 ,irving ,manatt ,the ,story of a ,piece of ,coal ,e4,a4 ,martin ,the ,friendly ,stars ,martha ,e4 ,martin ,the ,boys' ,life of ,edison ,w4,h4 ,meadowcroft ,serving the ,republic ,nelson ,a4 ,miles ,in ,beaver ,world ,enos ,a4 ,mills ,mosquito ,life ,e4,g4 ,mitchell ,the ,childhood of ,animals ,p4,c4 ,mitchell ,the ,youth of ,washington ,s4,w4 ,mitchell ,lewis ,carroll ,belle ,moses ,charles ,dickens ,louisa ,m4 ,alcott ,the ,country of ,sir ,walter ,scott ,c4,s4 ,olcott ,storytelling ,poems ,f4,j4 ,olcott 7,ed47 ,mark ,twain3 ,a ,biography ,a4,b4 ,paine ,the ,man with the ,iron ,hand ,john ,c4 ,parish ,nearest the ,pole ,robert ,e4 ,peary ,a ,book of ,famous ,verse ,agnes ,repplier 7,ed47 ,florence ,nightingale ,laura ,e4 ,richards ,children of the ,tenements ,jacob ,a4 ,riis ,the ,wilderness ,hunter ,theodore ,roosevelt ,american ,big ,game ,hunting ,roosevelt and ,grinnell 7,ed47 ,hunting in ,many ,lands ,my ,air ,ships ,alberto ,santos-,dumont ,paul ,jones ,molly ,elliott ,seawell ,with the ,indians in the ,rockies ,j4,w4 ,schultz ,curiosities of the ,sky ,garrett ,p4 ,serviss ,where ,rolls the ,oregon ,dallas ,lore ,sharp ,nature in a ,city ,yard ,c4,m4 ,skinner ,the ,wild ,white ,woods ,russell ,d4 ,smith ,the ,story of the ,new ,england ,whalers ,j4,r4 ,spears ,camping on the ,great ,lakes ,r4,s4 ,spears ,my ,life with the ,eskimos ,vilhjalmar ,stefansson ,with ,kitchener to ,khartum ,g4,w4 ,stevens ,across the ,plains ,r4,l4 ,stevenson ,letters of a ,woman ,homesteader ,elinore ,p4 ,stewart ,hunting the ,elephant in ,africa ,c4,h4 ,stigand ,the ,black ,bear ,w4,h4 ,wright ,the ,grizzly ,bear ,george ,washington ,woodrow ,wilson ,the ,workers3 ,the ,east ,w4,a4 ,wyckoff ,the ,workers3 ,the ,west ,,footnotes3 #a ,see ,bleyer1 ,w4,g43 ,introduction to ,prose ,literature for ,secondary ,schools4 #b ,see also ,american ,magazine1 #fc3cci4 #c ,see ,scribner's ,magazine1 #dj3ag4 #d ,see ,harper's ,monthly ,magazine1 #aaf3c4 #e ,in3 ,the ,little ,book of ,modern ,verse1 edited by ,j4,b4 ,rittenhouse4 #f ,see page #da for magazine reference4 #g ,see ,collier's ,magazine1 #db3aa4 #h ,additional suggestions for dramatic work are given on page #caf4 #i ,if a copy of ,the ,promised ,land is available1 some of the students might look up material on this subject4 #aj ,see references for ,moly1 on p4 #hd4 #aa ,in ,alden's ,english ,verse4 #ab ,in ,the ,little ,book of ,modern ,verse1 edited by ,j4,b4 ,rittenhouse4 #ac ,if this is thought too difficult1 some of the exercises on pages #caf-cah may be used4 #ad ,note3 ,the teacher might read aloud a part of the ,ode in ,time of ,hesitation1 by ,moody4 ,in its entirety it is almost too difficult for the pupils to get much out of2 but it has some vigorous things to say about the war in the ,philippines4 #ae ,,to ,,the ,,teacher3 ,it will probably be better for the pupils to study this poem in class than to begin it by themselves4