,,! ,,mean+ ,,( ,,! ,,w>  ,,life        
,,matt] ,,9 ,,conflict  ,,by ,,h5ri     
,,b]gson    ,,) ,,an ,,introduction ,,by
 ,h4 ,,wildon ,,c>r    ,,london ,t4     
,,fi%] ,,unw9 ,,ltd4 ,,adelphi ,,t]race 
,engli% translation fir/ publi%$ ,june  
#aiae ,second impression1 ,july #aiae   
,?ird impression1 ,augu/ #aiae  7,all   
rights res]v$7     ,,cont5ts            
,,page  ,,introduction                  
#i  ,,life ,,& ,,matt] ,,at ,,w>        
#ae  ,,! ,,=ce ,,:i* ,,wa/es ,,& ,,t    
,,:i* ,,does ,,n ,,wa/e      #da        
,,introduction     ,,introduction   ,?is
 little volume conta9s ! disc\rse       
deliv]$ by ,m4 ,b]gson z ,presid5t ( !  
,acadmie des ,sci5ces ,morales et       
,politiques at its annual public meet+  
on ,decemb] #ab1 #aiad4 ,x is ! address 
:i* prec$$ ! ann\ncem5t ( ! prizes &    
aw>ds be/[$ by ! ,academy4 ,x is n[     
issu$ 9 book =m ) ! cons5t ( ! au?or1 & 
8 full appreciation ( ! object1 to give 
x ! wide/ circulation4 ,al?\gh x is     
brief1 x is a message address$ directly 

to ! he>t ( our p 9 ! crisis ( w>4 ,to x
 is add$ a %ort article on ! same !me1  
contribut$ to ! ,bullet9 des ,armes de  
la ,rpublique1 ,novemb] #d1 #aiad4  ,x  
has be5 said t w>1 ) all its t]rible    
evils1 is ! occasion ( at lea/ "o good  
:i* humanity values z above price3 x    
inspires great poetry4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x  
seems to cru% philosophy4 ,_m may ?9k t 
9 ?is message x is poetry to :i* ,m4    
,b]gson is giv+ expression4 ,x is1      
h[ev]1 f ! dep? ( 8 philosophy t !      
inspiration is drawn4 ,! full           
significance ( ! doctr9es he has be5    
tea*+1 & _! :ole moral & political be>+1
 are br\ght into cle> light1 focuss$1 z 
x 71 on ! actual pres5t /ruggle4 ,yet is
 !re no ^w t brea!s hatr$ to any p]son  
or to any race4 ,x is by ! triumph ( a  
spiritual pr9ciple t philosophy may hope
 to free humanity f ! oppression ( a    
mat]iali/ doctr9e4  ,! oppos+ pr9ciple  
has _h1 & /ill has1 philosoph]s to def5d
 x1 & !y belong to no p>ticul> nation or
 race4 ,"o ( its mo/ brilliant &        

influ5tial expon5ts 0 a ,fr5*man1 !     
diplomati/1 ,comte ,joseph ,ar?ur de    
,gob9eau 7#ahaf-ahhb74 ,a brief ^w on   
?is rem>kable man may help ! read] to   
und]/& ! m5tion ( 8 "n on page #cj4 ,8  
,essai sur l'9galit des races huma9es   
7#ahee7 0 ! fir/ ( a s]ies ( writ+s to  
affirm1 on e?nological gr\nds1 !        
sup]iority ( ! ,aryan race1 & its "r &  
de/9y by reason ( t sup]iority to rule  
all o!r races z bondsm54 ,he 0 ! fri5d (
 ,wagn]1 & also ( ,nietzs*e4 ,madame    
,fr/]-,nietzs*e 9 h] biography ( h]     
bro!r has spok5 ( ! almo/ rev]5t reg>d  
:i* he ent]ta9$ = ,gob9eau1 & x may be t
 f him ,nietzs*e d]iv$ ! idea :i* he    
develop$ into 8 doctr9e ( ! non-morality
 ( ! sup]man4  ,7 ! disc\rse ( ,m4      
,b]gson no m ?an ! utt]ance ( a         
philosoph] /irr$ by deep patriotic feel+
 to uphold 8 c\ntry's cause & d5\nce 8  
c\ntry's foes1 !n1 h[ev] eloqu5t its    
appeal1 x w\ld h no significance or     
value beyond its pres5t p[] to inspire  
c\rage 9 ! he>ts ( 8 comrades4 ,& x w\ld

 n diff] f equally e>ne/ appeals :i* o!r
 philosoph]s h address$ to ! _w on      
behalf ( _! fell[-c\ntrym54 ,x has a mu*
 deep] mean+4 ,x is no m]e indictm5t (  
mod]n ,g]many's rul]s or p4 ,x goes to !
 v he>t ( ! problem ( ! future (        
humanity4 ,%all ! spl5did mat]ial       
progress :i* has m>k$ ! sci5tific       
a*ievem5t ( ! la/ c5tury be ! =g+ ( a   
sword to de/roy ! fre$om :i* life has   
won ) x f matt]8  ,z ^! words are writt5
 ! conflict is rag+1 & ! decision seems 
/ill f> (f4 ,dea? is /rik+ d[n ! "y 9   
all ! nations1 & among !m _m on :om our 
highe/ hopes 7 f\nd$4 ,b :atev] be !    
price ( victory1 s writes ,m4 ,b]gson to
 me1 x w n h be5 too de>ly b\ght if     
humanity is f9ally deliv]$ f ! nightm>e 
:i* weighs on x4    ,h4 ,,wildon ,,c>r  
,,london1 ,may #aiae     ,,life ,,&     
,,matt] ,,at ,,w>     ,,life ,,& ,,matt]
 ,,at ,,w>   ,compr5dre et ne pas       
s'indign]3 ?is has be5 said to be ! la/ 
^w ( philosophy4 ,i believe none ( x2 &1
 _h ,i to *oose1 ,i %\ld mu* pref]1 :5 9

 pres5ce ( crime1 to give my indignation
 re9 & n to und]/&4 ,happily1 ! *oice   
has n to be made4 ,on ! contr>y1 !re are
 =ms ( ang] :i*1 by a ?or\gh            
compreh5sion ( _! objects1 d]ive ! =ce  
to su/a9 & r5ew _! vig\r4 ,our ang] is (
 t k9d4 ,we h only to deta* ! inn] mean+
 ( ?is w>1 & our horror = ^? :o made x w
 be increas$4 ,moreov]1 no?+ is easi]4  
,a little hi/ory1 & a little philosophy1
 w suffice4  ,= a long p]iod ,g]many    
devot$ h]self to poetry1 to art1 to     
metaphysic4 ,%e 0 made1 s %e said1 =    
?\ght & imag9ation2 %e _h no feel+ = !  
reality ( ?+s4 ,x is true t h]          
adm9i/ration _h defects1 t %e 0 divid$  
into rival /ates1 t an>*y at c]ta9 times
 seem$ beyond rem$y4 ,nev]!less1 an     
att5tive /udy w\ld h reveal$1 b5ea? ?is 
disord]1 ! normal process ( life1 :i* is
 always too rank at ! fir/ & lat] on    
prunes away its excess1 makes its *oice 
& adopts a la/+ =m4 ,f h] municipal     
activity !re w\ld h issu$ at l5g? a good
 adm9i/ration :i* w\ld h assur$ ord] )\t

 suppress+ lib]ty4 ,f ! clos] union ( ! 
conf$]at$ /ates t unity 9 div]sity1 :i* 
is ! di/+ui%+ m>k ( organiz$ be+s1 w\ld 
h aris54 ,b "t 0 ne$$ = t1 z x always is
 ne$$ by life1 9 ord] t its             
possibilities may be realiz$4  ,n[1 :ile
 ,g]many 0 ?us work+ out ! task ( h]    
organic self-developm5t !re 0 )9 h]1 or 
r by h] side1 a p ) :om e process t5d$  
to take a me*anical =m4 ,artificiality  
m>k$ ! creation ( ,prussia2 = %e 0 =m$  
by clumsily sew+ toge!r1 edge to edge1  
prov9ces ei!r acquir$ or conqu]$4 ,h]   
adm9i/ration 0 me*anical2 x did its "w )
 ! regul>ity ( a well-appo9t$ ma*9e4 ,n 
less me*anical--extreme bo? 9 precision 
& 9 p[]--0 ! army1 on :i* ! att5tion ( !
 ,hoh5zoll]ns 0 conc5trat$4 ,:e!r x 0 t 
! p _h be5 drill$ = c5turies to         
me*anical ob$i5ce2 or t an elem5tal     
in/9ct = conque/ & plund]1 absorb+ to   
itself ! life ( ! nation1 _h simplifi$  
its aims & r$uc$ !m to mat]ialism2 or t 
! ,prussian "* 0 orig9ally s made--x is 
c]ta9 t ! idea ( ,prussia always evok$ a

 vision ( rud5ess1 ( rigidity1 (        
automatism1 z if ev]y?+ )9 h] w5t by    
clockwork1 f ! ge/ure ( h] k+s to ! /ep 
( h] soldi]s4  ,a day came :5 ,g]many _h
 to *oose betwe5 a rigid & ready-made   
sy/em ( unification1 me*anically        
sup]pos$ f )\t1 & ! unity :i* comes f )9
 by a natural ef=t ( life4 ,at ! same "t
 ! *oice 0 (f]$ h] betwe5 an            
adm9i/rative me*anism1 into :i* %e w\ld 
m]ely h to fit h]self--a complete ord]1 
d\btless1 b pov]ty-/rick51 l ev]y?+ else
 t is artificial--& t ri*] & m flexible 
ord] :i* ! wills ( m51 :5 freely        
associat$1 evolve ( !mselves4 ,h[ w\ld  
%e *oose8  ,!re 0 a man on ! spot 9 :om 
! me?ods ( ,prussia 7 inc>nate--a g5ius1
 ,i admit1 b an evil g5ius2 = he 0      
devoid ( scruple1 devoid ( fai?1 devoid 
( pity1 & devoid ( s\l4 ,he _h j remov$ 
! only ob/acle :i* c\ld spoil 8 plan2 he
 _h got rid ( ,au/ria4 ,he said to      
himself3 ,we are go+ to make ,g]many    
take ov]1 along ) ,prussian             
c5tralization & discipl9e1 all our      

ambitions & all our appetites4 ,if %e   
hesitates1 if ! conf$]ate peoples d n   
arrive ( _! own accord at ?is common    
resolution1 ,i "k h[ to compel !m2 ,i w 
cause a brea? ( hatr$ to pass ov] !m1   
all alike4 ,i w laun* !m aga9/ a common 
enemy1 an enemy we h hood-w9k$ &        
waylaid1 & :om we %all try to cat*      
un>m$4 ,!n :5 ! h\r ( triumph %all s\nd1
 ,i w rise up2 f ,g]many1 9 h]          
intoxication1 ,i w snat* a cov5ant1 :i*1
 l t ( ,fau/ ) ,mephi/opheles1 %e has   
sign$ ) h] blood1 & by :i* %e also1 l   
,fau/1 has trad$ h] s\l away = ! good   
?+s ( e>?4  ,he did z he _h said4 ,!    
cov5ant 0 made4 ,b1 to ensure t x w\ld  
nev] be brok51 ,g]many mu/ be made to   
feel1 = ev] & ev]1 ! necessity ( ! arm\r
 9 :i* %e 0 imprison$4 ,bism>ck took 8  
measures accord+ly4 ,among ! confid5ces 
:i* fell f 8 lips & 7 ga!r$ up by 8     
intimates is ?is reveal+ ^w3 ,we took   
no?+ f ,au/ria aft] ,sad[a because we   
want$ to be able "o day to be reconcil$ 
) h]4 ,s1 !n1 9 tak+ ,alsace & a "p (   

,lorra9e1 8 idea 0 t no reconciliation )
 ! ,fr5* w\ld be possible4 ,he int5d$ t 
! ,g]man p %\ld believe itself 9 p]man5t
 dang] ( w>1 t ! new ,empire %\ld rema9 
arm$ to ! tee?1 & t ,g]many1 in/ead (   
dissolv+ ,prussian milit>ism into h] own
 life1 %\ld re9=ce x by milit>iz+       
h]self4  ,%e re9=c$ x2 & day by day !   
ma*9e grew 9 complexity & p[]4 ,b 9 !   
process x yield$ automatically a result 
v diff]5t f t :i* its con/ructors _h    
=ese54 ,x is ! /ory ( ! wit* :o1 by a   
magic incantation1 _h won ! cons5t ( h] 
broom/ick to g to ! riv] & fill h]      
buckets2 hav+ no =mula ready to *eck !  
"w1 %e wat*$ h] cave fill ) wat] until  
%e 0 dr[n$4  ,! ,prussian army _h be5   
organiz$1 br\ght to p]fection1 t5d$ )   
love by ! ,k+s ( ,prussia1 9 ord] t x   
might s]ve _! lu/ ( conque/4 ,to take   
possession ( neighb\rs' t]ritory 0 !n ! 
sole aim2 t]ritory 0 almo/ ! :ole ( !   
national weal?4 ,b ) ! n9ete5? c5tury   
!re 0 a new dep>ture4 ,! idea peculi> to
 t c5tury ( div]t+ sci5ce to !          

satisfaction ( m5's mat]ial wants evok$ 
a developm5t ( indu/ry1 & consequ5tly ( 
comm]ce1 s extraord9>y t ! old          
conception ( weal? 0 completely ov]?r[n4
 ,n m ?an fifty ye>s 7 ne$$ to br+ ab\t 
?is trans=mation4 ,on ! morr[ ( ! w> (  
#ahgj a nation expressly made =         
appropriat+ ! good ?+s ( ?is _w _h no   
alt]native b to become indu/rial &      
comm]cial4 ,n on t acc\nt1 h[ev]1 w\ld  
%e *ange ! ess5tial pr9ciple ( h]       
action4 ,on ! contr>y1 %e _h b to       
utilize h] habits ( discipl9e1 me?od1   
t5acity1 m9ute c>e1 precise             
in=mation--&1 we may add1 ( imp]t95ce & 
spy+--to :i* %e ow$ ! gr[? ( h] milit>y 
p[]4 ,%e w\ld ?us equip h]self ) indu/ry
 & comm]ce n less =midable ?an h] army1 
& able to m>*1 on _! "p also1 9 milit>y 
ord]4  ,f t "t onw>ds ^! two 7 se5 go+  
=w>d toge!r1 advanc+ at an ev5 pace &   
reciprocally support+ ea* o!r--indu/ry1 
:i* _h answ]$ ! appeal ( ! _s ( conque/1
 on "o side2 on ! o!r1 ! army1 9 :i* t  
_s 0 inc>nate1 ) ! navy1 :i* _h j be5   

add$ to ! =ces ( ! army4 ,indu/ry 0 free
 to develop 9 all directions2 b1 f !    
fir/1 w> 0 ! end 9 view4 ,9 enorm\s     
factories1 su* z ! _w _h nev] se51 t5s (
 ?\s&s ( workm5 toil$ 9 ca/+ great guns1
 :ile by _! side1 9 work%ops &          
laboratories1 e inv5tion :i* ! dis9t]e/$
 g5ius ( neighb\r+ peoples _h be5 able  
to a*ieve 0 imm$iately captur$1 b5t f   
its int5d$ use1 & conv]t$ into an eng9e 
( w>4 ,reciprocally1 ! army & navy :i*  
ow$ _! gr[? to ! increas+ weal? ( !     
nation1 repaid ! debt by plac+ _!       
s]vices at ! disposal ( ?is weal?3 !y   
und]took to op5 roads = comm]ce &       
outlets = indu/ry4 ,b ?r\gh ?is v       
comb9ation ! movem5t impos$ on ,prussia 
by h] k+s1 & on ,g]many by ,prussia1 0  
b\nd to sw]ve f its c\rse1 :il/ ga!r+   
spe$ & fl++ itself =w>d4 ,soon] or lat] 
x 0 b\nd to escape f all control &      
become a plunge into ! abyss4  ,=1 ev5  
?\gh ! _s ( conque/ kn[s no limit 9     
itself1 x mu/ limit its ambitions z long
 z ! "q is simply t ( seiz+ a neighb\r's

 t]ritory4 ,to con/itute _! k+dom1 k+s (
 ,prussia _h be5 oblig$ to und]take a   
long s]ies ( w>s4 ,:e!r ! "n ( ! spoil] 
be ,fr$]ick or ,william1 n m ?an "o or  
two prov9ces c be annex$ at a "t3 to    
take m is to weak5 oneself4 ,b suppose t
 ! same insatiable ?ir/ = conque/ ent]s 
into ! new =m ( weal?--:at foll[s8      
,b\ndless ambition1 :i* till !n _h      
spread out ! com+ ( its ga9s ov]        
indef9ite "t1 s9ce ea* "o ( !m w\ld be  
wor? only a def9ite portion ( space1 w  
n[ leap all at once to an object        
b\ndless z itself4 ,rights w be set up  
on e po9t ( ! globe :]e raw mat]ial =   
indu/ry1 refitt+ /ations = %ips1        
concessions = capitali/s1 or outlets =  
production are se5 to exi/4 ,9 fact1 !  
policy :i* _h s]v$ ,prussia s well pass$
 at a b\nd f ! mo/ calculat+ prud5ce to 
! wilde/ tem]ity4 ,bism>ck1 ^:          
common-s5se put "s re/ra9t on ! logic ( 
8 pr9ciples1 0 /ill av]se to colonial   
ent]prises2 he said t all ! affairs ( ! 
,ea/ 7 n wor? ! bones ( "o ,pom]anian   

gr5adi]4 ,b ,g]many1 reta9+ ,bism>ck's  
=m] impulse1 w5t /raight on & ru%$ =w>d 
along ! l9es ( lea/ resi/ance to ea/ &  
we/3 on ! "o side lay ! r\te to !       
,ori5t1 on ! o!r ! empire ( ! sea4 ,b 9 
s do+ %e virtually decl>$ w> on !       
nations :i* ,bism>ck _h manag$ to keep  
alli$ or fri5dly4 ,h] ambition look$    
=w>d to ! dom9ation ( ! _w4  ,moreov]1  
!re 0 no moral re/ra9t :i* c\ld keep ?is
 ambition "u control4 ,intoxicat$ by    
victory1 by ! pre/ige :i* victory _h    
giv5 h]1 & ( :i* h] comm]ce1 h] indu/ry1
 h] sci5ce ev51 _h reap$ ! b5efit1      
,g]many plung$ into a mat]ial prosp]ity 
su* z %e _h nev] kn[n1 su* z %e w\ld    
nev] h d>$ to dream (4 ,%e told h]self t
 if =ce _h wr\ght ?is miracle1 if =ce _h
 giv5 h] ri*es & hon\r1 x 0 because =ce 
_h )9 x a hidd5 virtue1 my/]i\s--nay1   
div9e4 ,yes1 brute =ce ) its tra9 (     
trick]y & lies1 :5 x comes ) p[]s (     
attack suffici5t = ! conque/ ( ! _w1 mu/
 ne$s be 9 direct l9e f heav5 & a       
revelation ( ! w ( ,god on e>?4 ,! p to 

:om ?is p[] ( attack _h come 7 ! elect1 
a *os5 race by ^: side ! o!rs are races 
( bondm54 ,to su* a race no?+ is =bidd5 
t may help 9 e/abli%+ its dom9ion4 ,let 
none speak to x ( inviolable "r6 ,"r is 
:at is writt5 9 a treaty2 a treaty is   
:at regi/]s ! w ( a conqu]or--t is1 !   
direction ( 8 =ce = ! "t be+3 =ce1 !n1 &
 "r are ! same ?+2 & if =ce is pleas$ to
 take a new direction1 ! old "r becomes 
anci5t hi/ory & ! treaty1 :i* back$ x ) 
a solemn und]tak+1 no m ?an a scrap (   
pap]4 ,?us ,g]many1 /ruck ) wond] 9     
pres5ce ( h] victories1 ( ! brute =ce   
:i* _h be5 _! means1 ( ! mat]ial        
prosp]ity :i* 0 ! outcome1 translat$ h] 
amazem5t into an idea4 ,& see h[1 at !  
call ( ?is idea1 a ?\s& ?\ghts1 z if    
awak$ f slumb]1 & %ak+ (f ! du/ (       
libr>ies1 came ru%+ 9 f e side--?\ghts  
:i* ,g]many _h suff]$ to sleep among h] 
poets & philosoph]s1 e "o :i* c\ld l5d a
 s$uctive or /rik+ =m to a conviction   
already made6 ,h5ce=? ,g]man imp]ialism 
_h a !ory ( its own4 ,taught 9 s*ools & 

univ]sities1 x easily m\ld$ to itself a 
nation already brok5-9 to passive       
ob$i5ce & hav+ no l(ti] ideal :]e) to   
oppose ! (ficial doctr9e4 ,_m p]sons h  
expla9$ ! ab]rations ( ,g]man policy z  
due to t !ory4 ,= my "p1 ,i see 9 x no?+
 m ?an a philosophy doom$ to translate  
into ideas :at 01 9 its ess5ce1         
insatiable ambition & w p]v]t$ by pride4
 ,! doctr9e is an effect r ?an a cause2 
& %\ld ! day come :5 ,g]many1 consci\s (
 h] moral humiliation1 %all say1 to     
excuse h]self1 t %e _h tru/$ h]self too 
mu* to c]ta9 !ories1 t an error (       
judgm5t is n a crime1 x w !n be necess>y
 to rem9d h] t h] philosophy 0 simply a 
translation into intellectual t]ms ( h] 
brutality1 h] appetites1 & h] vices4 ,s1
 too1 9 mo/ cases1 doctr9es are ! means 
by :i* nations & individuals seek to    
expla9 :at !y are & :at !y d4 ,g]many1  
hav+ f9ally become a pr$atory nation1   
invokes ,hegel z witness2 j z a ,g]many 
enam\r$ ( moral beauty w\ld h decl>$    
h]self fai?ful to ,kant1 j z a s5tim5tal

 ,g]many w\ld h f\nd h] tutel>y g5ius 9 
,jacobi or ,s*op5hau]4 ,_h %e lean$ 9   
any o!r direction & be5 unable to f9d at
 home ! philosophy %e ne$$1 %e w\ld h   
procur$ x f abroad4 ,?us :5 %e wi%$ to  
conv9ce h]self t pr$e/9$ races exi/1 %e 
took f ,france1 t %e might hoi/ him into
 celebrity1 a writ] :om we h n          
read--,gob9eau4  ,none ! less is x true 
t p]v]se ambition1 once erect$ into     
!ory1 feels m at ease 9 work+ itself out
 to ! end2 a "p ( ! responsibility w !n 
be ?r[n ^u logic4 ,if ! ,g]man race is !
 elect1 x w be ! only race :i* has an   
unconditional "r to live2 ! o!rs w be   
tol]at$ races1 & ?is tol]ation w be     
precisely :at is call$ ! /ate ( peace4  
,let w> come2 ! annihilation ( ! enemy w
 be ! end ,g]many has to pursue4 ,%e w n
 /rike at combatants only2 %e w massacre
 wom51 *ildr51 old m52 %e w pillage &   
burn2 ! ideal w be to de/roy t[ns1      
villages1 ! :ole population4 ,su* is !  
conclusion ( ! !ory4 ,n[ we come to its 
aim & true pr9ciple4  ,z long z w> 0 no 

m ?an a means to ! settlem5t ( a dispute
 betwe5 two nations1 ! conflict 0       
localiz$ to ! two armies involv$4 ,m & m
 ( useless viol5ce 0 elim9at$2 innoc5t  
populations 7 kept outside ! qu>rel4    
,?us little by little a code ( w> 0     
drawn up4 ,f ! fir/1 h[ev]1 ! ,prussian 
army1 organiz$ z x 0 = conque/1 did n   
take k9dly to ?is law4 ,b f ! "t :5     
,prussian milit>ism1 n[ turn$ into      
,g]man milit>ism1 _h become "o )        
indu/rialism1 x 0 ! enemy's indu/ry1 8  
comm]ce1 ! s\rces ( 8 weal?1 8 weal?    
itself1 z well z 8 milit>y p[]1 :i* w>  
mu/ n[ make ! end 9 view4 ,8 factories  
mu/ be de/roy$ t 8 competition may be   
suppress$4 ,moreov]1 t he may be        
impov]i%$ once & = all & ! aggressor    
enri*$1 8 t[ns mu/ be put to ransom1    
pillag$1 & burn$4 ,above all mu/ ! w> be
 %ort1 n only 9 ord] t ! economic life (
 ,g]many might n suff] too mu*1 b fur!r1
 & *iefly1 because h] milit>y p[] lack$ 
t consci\sness ( a "r sup]ior to =ce by 
:i* %e c\ld su/a9 & recup]ate h]        

en]gies4 ,h] moral =ce1 be+ only ! pride
 :i* comes f mat]ial =ce1 w\ld be expos$
 to ! same vicissitudes z ?is latt]3 9  
proportion z ! "o 0 be+ exp5d$ ! o!r    
w\ld be us$ up4 ,"t = moral =ce to      
become us$ up mu/ n be giv54 ,! ma*9e   
mu/ deliv] its bl[ all at once4 ,& ?is x
 c\ld d by t]roriz+ ! population1 & s   
p>alys+ ! nation4 ,to a*ieve t end1 no  
scruple mu/ be suff]$ to emb>rass ! play
 ( its :eels4 ,h5ce a sy/em ( atrocities
 prep>$ 9 advance--a sy/em z sagaci\sly 
put toge!r z ! ma*9e itself4  ,su* is ! 
explanation ( ! spectacle be=e u4       
,sci5tific b>b>ism1 sy/ematic b>b>ism1  
are phrases we h he>d4 ,yes1 b>b>ism    
re9=c$ by ! capture ( civilization4     
,?r\gh\t ! c\rse ( ! hi/ory we h be5    
foll[+ !re is1 z x 71 ! cont9u\s clang (
 milit>ism & indu/rialism1 ( ma*9]y &   
me*anism1 ( debas$ moral mat]ialism4    
,_m ye>s h5ce1 :5 ! reaction ( ! pa/    
%all h left only ! gr& outl9e 9 view1   
?is p]haps is h[ a philosoph] w speak ( 
x4 ,he w say t ! idea1 peculi> to !     

n9ete5? c5tury1 ( employ+ sci5ce 9 !    
satisfaction ( our mat]ial wants _h giv5
 a :olly un=ese5 ext5sion to ! me*anical
 arts & _h equipp$ man 9 less ?an fifty 
ye>s ) m tools ?an he _h made dur+ !    
?\s&s ( ye>s he _h liv$ on ! e>?4 ,ea*  
new ma*9e be+ = man a new organ--an     
artificial organ :i* m]ely prolongs !   
natural organs--8 body became sudd5ly & 
prodigi\sly increas$ 9 size1 )\t 8 s\l  
be+ able at ! same "t to dilate to !    
dim5sions ( 8 new body4 ,f ?is          
disproportion !re issu$ ! problems1     
moral1 social1 int]national1 :i* mo/ ( !
 nations endeav\r$ to solve by fill+ up 
! s\lless void 9 ! body politic by      
creat+ m lib]ty1 m frat]nity1 m ju/ice  
?an ! _w _h ev] se54 ,n[1 :ile mank9d   
lab\r$ at ?is task ( spiritualization1  
inf]ior p[]s--,i 0 go+ to say inf]nal   
p[]s--plott$ an inv]se exp]i5ce =       
mank9d4 ,:at w\ld happ5 if ! me*anical  
=ces1 :i* sci5ce _h br\ght to a /ate (  
read9ess = ! s]vice ( man1 %\ld !mselves
 take possession ( man 9 ord] to make 8 

nature mat]ial z _! own8 ,:at k9d ( a _w
 w\ld x be if ?is me*anism %\ld seize ! 
human race entire1 & if ! peoples1      
in/ead ( rais+ !mselves to a ri*] & m   
h>moni\s div]sity1 z p]sons may d1 7 to 
fall into ! uni=mity ( ?+s8 ,:at k9d ( a
 society w\ld t be :i* %\ld me*anically 
obey a ^w ( comm& me*anically           
transmitt$2 :i* %\ld rule its sci5ce &  
its consci5ce 9 accordance !re)2 & :i*  
%\ld lose1 along ) ! s5se ( ju/ice1 !   
p[] to disc]n betwe5 tru? & falsehood8  
,:at w\ld mank9d be :5 brute =ce %\ld   
hold ! place ( moral =ce8 ,:at new      
b>b>ism1 ?is "t f9al1 w\ld arise f ^!   
conditions to /ifle feel+1 ideas1 & !   
:ole civilization ( :i* ! old b>b>ism   
conta9$ ! g]m8 ,:at w\ld happ51 9 %ort1 
if ! moral ef=t ( humanity %\ld turn 9  
its tracks at ! mom5t ( atta9+ its goal1
 & if "s diabolical contrivance %\ld    
cause x to produce ! me*anization ( _s  
in/ead ( ! spiritualization ( matt]8    
,!re 0 a p pr$e/9$ to try ! exp]im5t4   
,prussia _h be5 milit>iz$ by h] k+s2    

,g]many _h be5 milit>iz$ by ,prussia2 a 
p[]ful nation 0 on ! spot m>*+ =w>d 9   
me*anical ord]4 ,adm9i/ration & milit>y 
me*anism 7 only wait+ to make alliance )
 indu/rial me*anism4 ,! comb9ation once 
made1 a =midable ma*9e w\ld come into   
exi/5ce4 ,a t\* ^u ! />t+-ge> & ! o!r   
nations w\ld be dragg$ 9 ! wake (       
,g]many1 subjects to ! same movem5t1    
prison]s ( ! same me*anism4 ,su* w\ld be
 ! mean+ ( ! w> on ! day :5 ,g]many %\ld
 decide ^u its decl>ation4  ,%e decid$1 
he w cont9ue1 b ! result 0 v diff]5t f  
:at _h be5 pr$ict$4 ,= ! moral =ces1 :i*
 7 to submit to ! =ces ( matt] by _!    
side1 sudd5ly reveal$ !mselves z        
creators ( mat]ial =ce4 ,a simple idea1 
! h]oic conception :i* a small p _h =m$ 
( its hon\r1 enabl$ x to make head aga9/
 a p[]ful empire4 ,at ! cry ( outrag$   
ju/ice we saw1 moreov]1 9 a nation :i*  
till !n _h tru/$ 9 its fleet1 "o        
million1 two millions ( soldi]s sudd5ly 
rise f ! e>?4 ,a yet great] miracle3 9 a
 nation ?\ght to be mortally divid$     

aga9/ itself all became bro!rs 9 ! space
 ( a day4 ,f t mom5t ! issue ( !        
conflict 0 n op5 to d\bt4 ,on ! "o side1
 !re 0 =ce spread out on ! surface2 on !
 o!r1 !re 0 =ce 9 ! dep?s4 ,on "o side1 
me*anism1 ! manufactur$ article :i* _c  
repair its own injuries2 on ! o!r1 life1
 ! p[] ( creation :i* makes & remakes   
itself at e in/ant4 ,on "o side1 t :i*  
uses itself up2 on ! o!r1 t :i* does n  
use itself up4  ,inde$1 our philosoph] w
 conclude1 ! ma*9e did use itself up4 ,=
 a long "t x resi/$2 !n x b5t2 !n x     
broke4 ,alas6 x _h cru%$ "u x a         
multitude ( our *ildr52 & ov] ! fate (  
?is "y life1 :i* 0 s naturally & purely 
h]oic1 our te>s w cont9ue to fall4 ,an  
implacable law decrees t _s mu/ enc\nt] 
! resi/ance ( matt]1 t life _c advance  
)\t bruis+ t :i* lives1 & t great moral 
results are pur*as$ by mu* blood & by _m
 te>s4 ,b ?is "t ! sacrifice 0 to be ri*
 9 fruit z x _h be5 ri* 9 beauty4 ,t !  
p[]s ( dea? might be mat*$ aga9/ life 9 
"o supreme combat1 de/9y _h ga!r$ !m all

 at a s+le po9t4 ,& behold h[ dea? 0    
conqu]$2 h[ humanity 0 sav$ by mat]ial  
suff]+ f ! moral d[nfall :i* w\ld h be5 
its end2 :ile ! peoples1 joyful 9 _!    
desolation1 rais$ on high ! song (      
deliv]ance f ! dep?s ( ru9 & ( grief6   
,,! ,,=ce ,,:i* ,,wa/es ,,& ,,t ,,:i*   
,,does ,,n ,,wa/e     ,,! ,,=ce ,,:i*   
,,wa/es ,,& ,,t ,,:i* ,,does ,,n ,,wa/e 
,! issue ( ! /ruggle is n d\btful4      
,g]many w succumb4 ,mat]ial =ce & moral 
=ce1 all :i* is su/a9+ h]1 w end by     
fail+ h]1 because %e is liv+ on         
provision %e has accumulat$1 is sp5d+ x1
 & has no way ( r5ew+ x4  ,( h] mat]ial 
res\rces all is kn[n4 ,%e has money1 b  
h] cr$it is fall+1 & "o does n see :]e  
%e is to borr[4 ,%e ne$s nitrates = h]  
explosives1 fuel = h] motors1 bread = h]
 sixty-five million inhabitants1 = all (
 :i* %e has made provision2 b ! day w   
come :5 h] gran>ies w be empty & h]     
tanks dry4 ,h[ w %e refill !m8 ,w>1 z %e
 practises x1 makes frightful havoc ( h]
 w>riors4 ,yet "h aga9 repl5i%m5t is    

impossible1 no aid w come f )\t1 because
 an ent]prise laun*$ ) ! object ( impos+
 ,g]man rule1 ,g]man culture1 ,g]man    
products1 only int]e/s & ev] w only     
int]e/ :at is already ,g]man4 ,su* is ! 
situation ( ,g]many confront$ by a      
,france :o is keep+ h] cr$it intact & h]
 ports op51 :o is procur+ h]self victual
 & munitions z %e pleases1 :o re9=ces h]
 armies ) all t h] allies br+ to h]     
support1 & :o c c\nt on ! ev] m active  
sympa?y ( ! civiliz$ _w because h] cause
 is t ( humanity itself4  ,/ill ?is is  
only mat]ial =ce1 ! =ce :i* is se54 ,:at
 c we say ( moral =ce1 ! =ce :i* is n   
se51 :i* yet matt]s mo/ s9ce x c 9 a    
c]ta9 degree make good :at is lack+ ( ! 
o!r1 & )\t :i* ! o!r is wor?less8  ,!   
moral en]gy ( nations1 z ( individuals1 
is only su/a9$ by an ideal high] ?an    
!mselves1 & /rong] ?an !mselves1 to :i* 
!y cl+ firmly :5 !y feel _! c\rage wav]4
 ,:]e is ! ideal ( ! ,g]many ( to-day8  
,! "t :5 h] philosoph]s proclaim$ !     
inviolability ( "r1 ! em95t dignity ( ! 

p]son1 ! duty ( mutual respect among    
nations1 is no m4 ,g]many1 milit>iz$ by 
,prussia1 has ca/ aside ^? noble ideas1 
ideas %e receiv$ = ! mo/ "p f ! ,france 
( ! eighte5? c5tury & ( ! ,revolution4  
,%e has made = h]self a new s\l1 or r %e
 has meekly accept$ ! s\l ,bism>ck has  
giv5 h]4 ,to him has be5 attribut$ !    
fam\s maxim ,might is "r4 ,b 9 tru?     
,bism>ck nev] pron\nc$ x1 = he _h well  
gu>d$ himself aga9/ a di/9ction ( "r f  
might4 ,"r 0 simply 9 8 view :at is     
will$ by ! /ronge/1 :at is consign$ by !
 conqu]or 9 ! law he imposes on !       
conqu]$4 ,9 t is summ$ up 8 :ole        
morality4 ,g]many to-day kn[s no o!r4   
,%e1 too1 wor%ips brute =ce4 ,& because 
%e believes h]self ! /ronge/1 %e is     
altoge!r absorb$ 9 self-adoration4 ,h]  
en]gy comes f h] pride4 ,h] moral =ce is
 only ! confid5ce :i* h] mat]ial =ce    
inspires 9 h]4 ,& ?is means t 9 ?is     
respect %e is liv+ on res]ves )\t means 
( repl5i%m5t4 ,ev5 be=e ,engl& _h       
comm5c$ to blockade h] coa/s %e _h      

blockad$ h]self morally1 9 isolat+      
h]self f e ideal capable ( giv+ h] new  
life4  ,s %e w see h] =ces wa/e & h]    
c\rage at ! same "t4 ,b ! en]gy ( our   
soldi]s is drawn f some?+ :i* does n    
wa/e1 f an ideal ( ju/ice & fre$om4 ,"t 
has no hold on u4 ,to ! =ce :i* fe$s    
only on its own brutality we are oppos+ 
t :i* seeks outside & above itself a    
pr9ciple ( life & r5ovation4 ,:il/ ! "o 
is gradually sp5d+ itself1 ! o!r is     
cont9ually remak+ itself4 ,! "o is      
already wav]+1 ! o!r abides un%ak54 ,h  
no fe>1 our =ce w slay !irs4            
,,pr9t$ ,,at ,,! ,,ballantyne ,,press   
,,london  ,,ed9burgh