,transcriber's ,note3 ,this book has a number of characters which cannot be represented in a text format4 ,the following coding has been used for these characters4 upturned ,a ,a printed upside down e e with macron oe oe ligature ,inconsistencies in hyphenation and spelling found in the original book have been retained in this version4 ,a list of these inconsistencies is found at the end of the text4 ,,catalogue ,,of ,,early ,,printed ,,books ,,catalogue ,,of ,,the ,,william ,,loring ,,andrews ,,collection ,,of ,,early ,,books ,,in ,,the ,,library ,,of ,,yale ,,university ,printer's ,seal ,,new ,,haven3 ,,yale ,,university ,,press ,,london3 ,,humphrey ,,milford ,,oxford ,,university ,,press ,,mcmxiii ,,copyright1 #aiac ,,by ,,yale ,,university ,,press ,printed from type ,october1 #aiac4 #cjj copies ,,preface ,the collection of early printed books presented to the ,library of ,yale ,university in #ahid by ,mr4 ,william ,loring ,andrews1 of ,new ,york1 was formed to illustrate the first century of printing1 which is a better boundary for the survey than the half-century ending with the year #aejj1 more often chosen4 ,the latter1 the so-styled cradle period of the art1 is wanting in real definition1 being at most a convenient halting place1 not a completed stage1 whereas at the middle of the sixteenth century the printed book of the better class had acquired most of its maturer features and no longer has for us an unfamiliar look4 ,designed to serve as a permanent exhibition1 it is a selection rather than a collection1 not large1 but wisely chosen1 and no less attractive than instructive1 having been formed a quarter of a century ago1 at a time when opportunities were unusually favorable4 ,the surviving books of the first presses1 which are the chief sources of our knowledge of the early art1 are at the same time1 when obtainable1 the most efficient teachers4 ,for the illustration of the typography1 the feature of first importance1 there is nothing comparable to the open pages of a representative series of the original books1 such as are here spread out before us4 ,the best of the available substitutes1 phototype reproductions of specimen pages1 apart from other limitations1 must always lack the authority and the impressiveness of the originals4 ,while it is the main office of the present collection to set before the students of the ,university as a whole the more general features of the art of the early printer1 a further service which it is prepared to render must not be overlooked4 ,to such as are prompted to go into the subject more deeply it offers an excellent body of the original material upon which any serious study must of necessity be based4 ,the two fine fifteenth century ,,mss4 at the head of the collection1 far from serving a merely ornamental purpose1 like their own illuminated initials for example1 are a needful introduction4 ,it is obvious that from such sources the first printers got the models of their types1 and the ,,mss4 in which ,jenson found the prototypes of his famous roman characters1 which in the judgment of some are still unsurpassed1 could not have been very remote from these4 ,some of the more striking features which distinguish the early printed books from the later were not original with them1 but only survivals from the ,,mss4 ,the abbreviations and contractions in which both abound were the labor-saving devices of the copyists1 adopted without hesitation by the printers who used the ,,mss4 as copy and only slowly abandoned4 ,the copyist left spaces in his ,,ms4 for initials to be supplied by the illuminator1 without which his work was not considered complete1 and for about a hundred years the printer continued to do the same4 ,if the copyist saw fit to attach his name to his work1 we look for it at the end of the volume and there also the printer placed his colophon4 ,signatures and catchwords1 to guide the binder in the arrangement of the sheets1 did not come in with the printed book1 but had long been in use in the ,,mss4 ,although out of the hundreds of presses active during the first century only a score are here represented1 leaving wide gaps in the series1 it is better1 because more nearly in the natural line of development1 that the books should be ranged under the country1 the locality and the press to which they severally belong1 than that they should be kept in strict chronological order4 ,a general chronological order underlies the geographical even where it does not come to the surface4 ,by right of seniority ,germany stands at the head1 and ,mainz1 the birthplace of printing1 is followed by the other ,german towns in the order of their press age4 ,next come the presses of ,italy1 ,france1 ,holland and ,england1 arranged in like order4 ,to prevent1 however1 too wide a departure from the chronological succession which would result from the strict application of this rule1 the later1 i4e41 the sixteenth century1 ,venice and ,paris books are separated from the earlier and transferred to the end of the list1 where in point of development they properly belong4 ,placed in the order thus indicated1 the books1 as befits so small a total1 are numbered consecutively in one series4 ,the conspectus1 which brings into one view the titles1 dates1 places and printers' names1 will serve also as a sufficient index4 ,while we are here most concerned with the genealogy and family history of the books1 or in other words with their press relationships1 the personal history attaching to them--habent sua fata libelli--is not without interest4 ,the ,zeno ,,ms4 and the ,philo1 printed on vellum1 are the dedication copies1 not merely set apart1 but specially prepared for this use4 ,in a few of the volumes are found the names or the arms of early owners4 ,the ,livy ,,ms4 and one-half of the printed books are from the library1 dispersed in #ahhf1 of ,michael ,wodhull 7#agdj-ahaf7 of ,thenford1 ,northamptonshire1 the first translator into ,english verse of all the extant works of ,euripides1 the most assiduous and painstaking and in some departments of bibliography the best equipped among the book collectors of his day4 ,it was his custom 7well illustrated in the present collection7 to enter on the fly-leaf of each purchase the source and the cost1 adding as a separate item the binding1 often by ,roger ,payne1 and to affix his name and the date4 ,his vise ,collat3 complet3 is seldom wanting and often bibliographical notes and references to authorities are added4 ,justinian's ,novellae1 printed by ,schoeffer1 and all the ,aldine press books save one are from the library gathered at ,syston ,park1 ,lincolnshire1 by ,sir ,john ,thorold and his son1 ,sir ,john ,hayford ,thorold1 between #agge and #ahca and sold in #ahhd4 ,one valued mark of ownership1 common to all the volumes1 is the ex libris of the lover of choice books who united them in one family1 not again to be separated1 and gave them into the keeping of the ,university ,library4 ,the accompanying list of ,authorities1 as will be apparent1 is intended to supply merely the details necessary to complete the references of the catalogue4 ,acknowledgments are due from the compiler to his associates in the ,library and the ,university for assistance in the catalogue4 ,,addison ,,van ,,name1 ,librarian ,emeritus4 ,yale ,university ,library1 ,september1 #aiac4 ,,authorities4 ,ames1 ,j4 ,typographical antiquities1 or1 ,history of printing in ,england1 ,scotland and ,ireland1 enlarged by ,t4,f4 ,dibdin4 #d v4 #do4 ,lond41 #ahaj-ai4 ,blades1 ,w4 ,the life and typography of ,william ,caxton4 #b v4 #do4 ,lond41 #ahfa-c4 ,british ,museum4 ,catalogue of books printed in the ,x,vth century now in the ,british ,museum4 ,pt4 i1 ii4 #do4 ,lond41 #aijh-ab4 ,brown1 ,h4,f4 ,the ,venetian printing press4 #do4 ,n4,y4 and ,lond41 #ahia4 ,brunet1 ,j4,c4 ,manuel du libraire4 #e;e ed4 #f v4 #ho4 ,paris1 #ahfj-e4 ,burger1 ,k4 ,deutsche und italienische ,inkunabeln4 ,lief4 i-ix4 fo4 ,berlin1 #ahib-aiab4 ,campbell1 ,m4,f4,a4,g4 ,annales de l'imprimerie neerlandaise au ,,xve siecle4 #ho4 ,la ,haye1 #ahgd-ij4 ,claudin1 ,a4 ,the first ,paris press3 an account of the books printed for ,g4 ,fichet and ,j4 ,heynlin in the ,sorbonne #adgj-gb4 ,bibl4 ,soc4 ,illust4 ,monogr4 vi4 #do4 ,lond41 #ahig4 ,copinger1 ,w4,a4 ,incunabula ,biblica4 #do4 ,lond41 #ahib4 ---- ,supplement to ,hain's ,repertorium bibliographicum4 #b pt4 in #c v4 #ho4 ,lond41 #ahie-aijb4 ,crevenna1 ,p4,a4 ,bolongaro4 ,catalogue des livres de la bibliotheque de ,m4 ,pierre-,antoine ,bolongaro-,crevenna4 #e v4 #ho4 ,amsterdam1 #aghi4 ,de ,vinne1 ,t4,l4 ,notable printers of ,italy during the fifteenth century4 #do4 ,new ,york1 #aiaj4 ,didot1 ,a4 ,firmin4 ,alde ,manuce et l',hellenisme a ,venise4 #ho4 ,paris1 #ahge4 ,duff1 ,e4 ,gordon4 ,a century of the ,english book trade4 #do4 ,lond41 #aije4 ---- ,hand-lists of ,english printers #aeja-aeef4 ,pt4 i1 ii4 #do4 ,lond41 #ahie-f4 ,hain1 ,l4 ,repertorium bibliographicum4 #b v4 in #d pt4 #ho4 ,stuttgart1 #ahbf-ch4 ,le ,long1 ,j4 ,bibliotheca sacra1 continuata ab ,a4,g4 ,masch4 #b pt4 in #e v4 #do4 ,halae1 #aggh-ij4 ,morgan1 ,j4 ,pierpont4 ,catalogue of manuscripts and early printed books now forming a portion of the library of ,j4 ,pierpont ,morgan4 #c v4 fo4 ,lond41 #aijg4 ,panzer1 ,g4,w4 ,annales typographici ab artis inventae origine ad annum ,,mdxxxvi4 #aa v4 #do4 ,norimbergae1 #agic-ahjc4 ,pellechet1 ,m4 ,catalogue general des incunables des bibliotheques publiques de ,france4 ,t4 i-iii4 #ho4 ,paris1 #ahig-aiji4 ,philippe1 ,j4 ,origine de l'imprimerie a ,paris4 #ho4 ,paris1 #ahhe4 ,pollard1 ,a4,w4 ,an essay on colophons4 ,caxton ,club4 #do4 ,chicago1 #aije4 ,proctor1 ,r4 ,an index to the early printed books in the ,british ,museum4 #ho4 ,lond41 #ahih4 ---- ,the printing of ,greek in the fifteenth century4 ,bibl4 ,soc4 ,illust4 ,monogr4 viii4 #do4 ,lond41 #aijj4 ,quaritch1 ,b41 ed4 ,contributions toward a dictionary of ,english book-collectors4 ,pt4 i-xiii4 #ho4 ,lond41 #ahib-i4 ,renouard1 ,a4,a4 ,annales de l'imprimerie des ,alde4 #c;e ed4 #ho4 ,paris1 #ahcd4 ---- ,annales de l'imprimerie des ,estienne4 #b;e ed4 #ho4 ,paris1 #ahdc4 ,ricci1 ,seymour de4 ,catalogue raisonne des premieres impressions de ,mayence 7#adde-adfg74 ,veroeff4 der ,gutenberg-,gesellseh4 viii-ix4 #do4 ,mainz1 #aiaa4 ---- ,a census of ,caxtons4 ,bibl4 ,soc4 ,illust4 ,monogr4 xvi4 #do4 ,lond41 #aiji4 ,,conspectus ,,manuscripts ,,page #a4 ,,zeno4 ,vita ,caroli ,zeni #a #b4 ,,livius4 ,historiarum libri ,i-,x #c ,,printed ,,books #a4 ,,biblia ,,latina ,mainz ,j4 ,fust ,p4 #adfb #e ,schoeffer #b4 ,,justinianus4 ,novellae ,p4 ,schoeffer #adgg #f #c4 ,,isidorus4 ,etymologiae ,strassburg ,j4 ,mentelin c4 #adgc #h #d4 ,,gesta ,,romanorum ,cologne ,u4 ,zell c4 #adgc #aj #e4 ,,gregorius ,i4 ,homiliae ,augsburg ,g4 ,zainer #adgc #aa #f4 ,,psalterium ,,latinum c4 #adgc #ab #g4 ,,modus perveniendi ad sapientiam c4 #adgc #ac #h4 ,,hugo4 ,de arrha animae #adgc #ac #i4 ,,caracciolus4 ,de poenitentia ,venice ,wendelin of ,speier #adgb #ad #aj4 ,,valla4 ,elegantiae linguae ,latinae ,n4 ,jenson #adga #ae #aa4 ,,plinius4 ,naturalis historia #adgb #ag #ab4 ,,nonius ,,marcellus4 ,de compendiosa doctrina #adgf #ai #ac4 ,,dullaert4 ,quaestiones super ,f4 ,renner ,nicolas ,aristotelem de anima of ,frankf4 #adgc #ba #ad4 ,,aristoteles4 ,de animalibus ,john of ,cologne ,j4 ,manthen #adgf #bb #ae4 ,,ubertinus4 ,arbor vitae crucifixae ,jesu ,a4 de ,bonetis #adhe #bc #af4 ,,albertis4 ,de amoris remedio ,florence #adga #bd #ag4 ,,aesopus4 ,vita et fabulae ,milan ,bonus ,accursius c4 #adhj #bf #ah4 ,,ovidius4 ,metamorphoses ,parma ,a4 ,portilia #adhj #bh #ai4 ,,pius ,,ii4 ,de duobus ,paris ,friburger1 ,gering amantibus ,crantz #adgb #bh #bj4 ,,pius ,,ii4 ,de curialium miseria #adgb #bi #ba4 ,,plato4 ,epistolae #adgb #cj #bb4 ,,magni4 ,sophologium ,crantz1 ,gering #adgg #cb ,friburger #bc4 ,,hieronymus4 ,vaderboeck ,zwolle ,p4 van ,os #adij #cc #bd4 ,,higden4 ,polychronicon ,westminster ,w4 ,caxton #adhb #cd #be4 ,,ordinary of ,christians ,london ,w4 de ,worde #aejf #ch #bf4 ,,intrationes ,r4 ,pynson #aeaj #dj #bg4 ,,plutarchus4 ,moralia ,venice ,aldus ,manutius #aeji #da #bh4 ,,scriptores rei rusticae #aead #dc #bi4 ,,cicero4 ,rhetorica ,andrea d',asola #aeba #de #cj4 ,,celsus4 ,de medicina #aebh #dg #ca4 ,,cicero4 ,epistolae ad ,atticum ,aldi filii #aedj #dg #cb4 ,,cicero4 ,orationes #aedf #di #cc4 ,,ptolemaeus4 ,planisphaerium ,paulus ,manutius #aeeh #ej #cd4 ,,livius4 ,historiae ,romanae #aegb #ea #ce4 ,,biblia ,,latina ,paris ,vidua ,th4 ,kerver #aedi #eb #cf4 ,,philo4 ,de divinis decem ,c4 ,stephanus #aeed #ee oraculis ,,manuscripts #a4 ,,zeno1 ,,jacopo4 ,vitae1 morum1 rerumque gestarum ,caroli ,zeni libri ,x4 #adeh4 ,fine white vellum1 #aib leaves1 in #ai quires of ten leaves each and two additional leaves at the end1 the last of which is blank4 ,signed on the lower inner angle of the last page of each quire by a letter 7,a-,t7 which is repeated at the point directly facing it on the first page of the next quire4 ,leaves four to seven of the first quire and all of quires three to eight1 a total of sixty-four leaves1 have #bh lines to the page1 the rest #bg lines4 ,ruled on one side only with a hard point4 ,leaf #aj-a_/b x #g in41 text-page #g x #c-c_/d in4 ,written in regular ,italian minuscules of the #aeth century1 formed on the models of the #aath and #abth centuries4 ,the subject of the memoir is the distinguished ,venetian ,admiral ,carlo ,zeno 7#accd-adah71 brother of ,nicolo and ,antonio1 reputed discoverers of ,america4 ,his biographer1 ,jacopo ,zeno 7#adag-adha71 ,bishop of ,feltre and ,belluno1 and later of ,padua1 was his grandson4 ,the work is dedicated to ,pius ,,ii4 in honor of his recent elevation to the papal throne1 and since this is evidently the dedication copy1 the accession of ,enea ,silvio ,piccolomini in ,august1 #adeh1 fixes approximately the date of the ,,ms4 ,in ,april1 #adfj1 ,jacopo ,zeno was translated to the see of ,padua4 ,the execution and the decoration of the ,,ms4 are in keeping with its special use4 ,the gratulatory preface occupying ten pages is introduced by the following heading in letters of burnished gold3 ,,in ,,libros ,,vitae ,,morvm ,,rervmq3 ,,gestarvm ,,caroli ,,zeni ,,veneti4 ,,ad ,,pivm ,,secvndvm ,,pontificem ,,maximvm4 ,,iacobi ,,feltrensis ,,et ,,bellvnensis ,,antistitis ,,praefatio3 ,g,,loriosa4444 ,the ornamentation of the ten-line illuminated initial ,g is of the interlaced style1 and a border of similar pattern surrounds the entire page1 enclosing on the front margin vignettes--a vase1 two rabbits and a stork--and at the foot the ,piccolomini arms1 supported by kneeling angels and surmounted by the papal keys and tiara4 ,each of the ten books has a heading in burnished gold in which the dedication to ,pius ,,ii4 is repeated1 and an initial of like character to that of the preface1 with a marginal ornament4 ,the occasional marginal subject-headings and the book-number at the top of each leaf are likewise in gold4 ,the ,latin text has thus far been printed only in ,muratori's ,rerum ,italicarum ,scriptores 7of which a new edition is now in progress71 vol4 xix1 ,milan1 #agca1 from a ,,ms4 then1 and still1 preserved in the library of the ,episcopal ,seminary at ,padua4 ,this ,,ms41 the only one which he was able to discover1 ,muratori describes in the following language3 ,codex autem ,patavinus quamquam pervetustus a non satis docto ,librario profectus est ac proinde occurrunt ibi quaedam parum castigata1 quaedam etiam plane vitiata4 ,mutilus praeterea est in fine1 ubi non multa quidem sed tamen aliqua desiderantur4 ,muratori's text breaks off in the middle of a sentence at the end of the nineteenth 7i4e4 the last full7 quire of our ,,ms41 and accordingly lacks only the seventeen lines contained on the next leaf1 which is the last4 ,if1 as seems quite possible1 the quiring of the two ,,mss4 is the same1 the loss of the single unprotected leaf at the end is the more readily explained4 ,in #aeia there was published at ,bergamo an abridged ,italian version1 made from an illuminated ,,ms4 which had once belonged to the famous library of ,matthias ,corvinus1 but was then in the possession of ,caterino ,zeno1 governor of ,bergamo4 ,it had been among the spoils carried to ,constantinople after the capture of ,buda by the ,turks in #aebf4 ,there1 seven years later1 it had been bought and carried back to ,italy by ,caterino's father1 the younger ,nicolo1 who1 in #aeeh1 first gave to the world the narrative of his ancestors' voyages4 ,for no better reasons than that the ,paduan ,,ms4 also was illuminated in gold and colors1 and that it had been bought twenty-five years before 7c4 #agjj7 in ,venice where this branch of the ,zeno family had become extinct1 ,muratori was inclined to identify it with the ,corvinus ,,ms4 ,the relations between ,pius ,,ii4 and the king of ,hungary1 who was his ally in the proposed crusade against the ,turks upon which he was just embarking when overtaken by death1 and to whom the #dh1jjj ducats which he left behind him were sent in aid of the prosecution of war1 suggest another possibility4 ,it may be safely assumed that between the present ,,ms41 given only an opportunity to acquire it1 and any other copy the king's choice could not have hesitated4 ,the ,,ms4 is in #ahth-century ,italian binding1 red morocco1 gilt edges4 ,sold with other ,,mss4 from the library of the ,trivulzio family of ,milan at ,leavitt's auction1 ,new ,york ,city1 ,november1 #ahhf4 #b4 ,,livius1 ,,titus4 ,historiarum ,romanarum libri ,i-,x4 ,late #aeth century4 ,vellum4 #ccf leaves1 the last blank4 #cd quires all having ten leaves1 except the #agth and #cdth which have eight each4 #ca lines to the page2 catchword placed at right angles with the last line of the quire2 ruled on both sides with plummet4 ,leaf #ad-a_/b x #aj in41 text-page #i x #f in4 ,written in very regular1 bold ,italian minuscules of the period of the ,renaissance4 ,the first page of the preface is surrounded by an illuminated border in gold and colors in the ,renaissance style of ornament1 into which are introduced the ,caraccioli arms belonging to the distinguished ,neapolitan family of that name4 ,the initial ,f on this page is historiated with a view of ,rome1 and each of the ten books has an eight-line initial of dull gold on a background of red1 blue and green1 with marginal ornamentation4 ,from the close agreement1 even in punctuation1 between this ,,ms4 and the edition printed at ,milan in #adie by ,ulrich ,scinzenzeler for ,alexander ,minutianus1 and from other features which forbid the supposition that one is taken directly from the other1 we must conclude that they both reproduce a common ancestor4 ,this ,,ms4 of the first ,decade of ,livy is in unusually fine preservation1 and is bound in russia extra1 with broad borders of gold and gilt marbled edges4 ,brought from ,palermo by ,dr4 ,anthony ,askew 7#agbb-aggb71 it was sold with his collection of ,,mss4 in #aghe4 ,michael ,wodhull1 ,esq41 of ,thenford1 ,northamptonshire1 who gave seven guineas for the volume at ,white's sale in ,march1 #agih1 added to his customary entry of these details on the fly-leaf this note3 ,this appears to be the very ,book which ,i saw ,sir ,w4 ,burrell purchase at ,dr4 ,askew's manuscript ,auction 7,no4 #dhb7 for thirty-two guineas2 in ,sir ,w4 ,burrell's ,auction1 ,may1 #agif1 it is said to have gone for about five 7,no4 #feg74 ,the note in ,bib4 ,askev4 manuscripta is3 ',ex ,panormo in ,sicilia hunc cod4 adduxit secum ,cl4 ,askevius4' '#cjj annor4 ,,mss4 longe pulcherrimus4' ,at the sale of the ,wodhull library in ,january1 #ahhf1 the ,livy ,,ms4 and the greater part of the #aeth-century books hereinafter described were acquired by the donor of the collection1 ,william ,loring ,andrews1 ,m4,a41 of ,new ,york ,city4 ,,printed ,,books #a4 ,,biblia ,,latina4 ,moguntiae1 ,johannes ,fust et ,petrus ,schoeffer1 #ad ,august1 #adfb4 ,folio4 #dha leaves1 #b columns1 #dh lines to the column1 gothic letter1 without signatures1 catchwords or pagination4 ,leaves #bjd1 #bje containing ,judith xiv4 #ag--;,esther iv4 #d4 ,fol4 #bjd;b1 col4 #a 7red73 explicit liber iudith secundum ieronimum4 ,incipit prologus in librum hester4 ,col4 #b 7red73 ,explicit prologus4 ,incip4 liber hester4 ,hain 99#cjej4 ,pellechet #bbha4 ,copinger #d4 ,brit4 ,mus4 #aeth cent41 ,i1 p4 #bb4 ,burger pl4 #gd4 ,de ,ricci #gi4 ,five-line initial of prologue and fourteen-line initial ,i of ,esther i4 #a supplied in colors4 ,heading of leaf in alternate red and blue capitals4 ,initial-strokes in red on text capitals4 ,measurement #af-a_/d x #aa-a_/b in4 ,the fourth printed ,bible1 and the first in which place1 printers' names and date are given4 ,these details1 which are wanting in so many of the books of the early printers1 ,fust and ,schoeffer--and ,schoeffer when he carried on the business alone--rarely failed to add to anything large enough to be called a book that came from their press4 ,this is their fifth book and the colophon attached to the first1 the famous ,psalter of #adeg1 was repeated in them all1 with no essential change beyond the date1 and continued to do duty for ten years longer4 ,in the present ,bible among the typographical differences found in the copies are three varieties of the colophon1 two of which however are identical in language and differ only in the printers' use of contractions and capitals4 ,the more common of the forms affirms that3 ,this present work by the ingenious invention of printing or stamping letters without any scratching of the pen has been thus fashioned in the city of ,mainz and to the worship of ,god has been diligently brought to completion by ,johann ,fust citizen and ,peter ,schoeffer clerk of the same diocese in the year of the ,lord #adfb1 on the eve of the ,assumption of the ,virgin ,mary4 ,in ,seymour de ,ricci's ,catalogue raisonne des premieres impressions de ,mayence 7#adde-adfg71 ,mainz1 #aiaa1 #fa known copies of this ,bible1 #cf of them on vellum1 are enumerated and #da copies which cannot now be traced4 ,the fragment in our possession is entered 7,no4 #aae7 as one leaf only1 instead of two4 ,the second dated ,bible1 the eleventh in the series of printed ,bibles1 was that of ,sweynheym and ,pannartz1 ,rome1 #adga2 the third was a reprint by ,schoeffer in #adgb of the present edition1 page for page1 line for line and in the same type4 #b4 ,,justinianus4 ,novellae constitutiones1 sive ,authenticum4 ,consuetudines feudorum4 ,codicis libri ,x-,,xii4 ,moguntiae1 ,petrus ,schoeffer1 #ba ,august1 #adgg4 ,fol4 #a;a4 ,text 7red73 ,in nomine domini nostri ihesu christi4 de heredibus et falcidia constitutio prima si heres legata soluere noluerit ,incipit constitutio ,imperatoris ,iustiniani4 a4 ,iohanni pape secundo4 ,commentary3 ,i,n nomine domini4 ,iustinianus opus suum laudabile deo attribuit4 ,fol4 #afi;b4 ,explicit liber autenticorum4 ,fol4 #agj;a4 ,text 7red73 ,incipiunt consuetudines feudorum4 ,fol4 #bjf;a4 ,text 7red73 ,codicis domini iustiniani sacratissimi principis perpetui augusti repetite prelectionis incipit liber decimus4 ,fol4 #cjj;b1 ,,colophon 7red73 ,anno incarnacionis dominice 4,m4cccc4lxxvii4 xii4 kalendis septembrijs6 ,sanctissimo in christo patre ac domino1 domino ,sixto papa 4iiii4 pontifice maximo4 ,illustrissimo noblissime domus austrie domino1 domino ,friderico ,romanorum ,imperatore inuictissimo1 monarchie christiane dominis6 ,reuerendissimo deoque amabili in ,christo patre ac domino1 domino ,diethero archipresule ,maguntino2 in ciuitate ,maguncia impressorie artis inuentrice atque elimatrice prima 4x4 collacionum triumque librorum ,codicum opus egregium1 ,petrus ,schoiffer de ,gernsheim1 glorioso fauente deo suis consignando scutis1 feliciter finiuit4 ,,printer',s ,,device in red4 ,folio4 #a4 ,novellae3 quires #aaj1 #bh1 #c-faj1 #g-hf1 #iaj1 #ajh1 #aa-abaj1 #ach1 #adaj1 #aeh1 #aff1 #ag-ahaj1 #aiaj-a 7the blank second leaf cut away71 #afi leaves4 #b4 ,consuetudines feudorum3 quires #a-caj1 #df1 #cf leaves4 #c4 ,codicis libri ,x-,,xii3 quires #ah1 #baj1 #c-eh1 #faj1 #gh1 #hd1 #i-ajaj1 #aaaja 7the additional leaf prefixed71 #ie leaves4 ,in all #cjj leaves1 two columns of text and two of commentary1 #ea lines of text and #ff of commentary to the column1 gothic letter1 without printed signatures1 catchwords or pagination4 ,two- to six-line spaces1 some with guide-letters1 left for capitals4 ,two pinholes1 the use of which ,schoeffer was thought to have abandoned a little earlier than the date of this volume4 ,titles and colophon printed in red4 ,the text type is that of the ,bible of #adfb4 ,hain 99#ifbc4 ,brit4 ,mus4 #aeth cent41 ,i1 p4 #cc 7,,ic4 #bag74 ,the first page of each of the three works is ornamented with a floral scroll border in colors4 ,at the head of the several books are thirteen initials in gold and colors4 ,chapter initials in alternate red and blue2 initial-strokes in red in both text and commentary4 ,the present volume agrees in contents with the fifth and last volume of the ,corpus juris as it is found arranged in the medieval ,,mss41 except for the omission of the ,institutiones1 already sufficiently accessible in separate editions1 of which no less than fifty were printed in the #aeth century1 the first of them by ,schoeffer himself in #adfh4 ,the first three volumes of the ,corpus were occupied by the ,digests1 the fourth by the ,codex lib4 i-ix4 ,the last three books of the ,codex relate mainly to public law and having lost much of their importance were transferred to the fifth volume4 ,that the order of the three parts in the present copy1 viz4 #a4 ,novellae1 #b4 ,consuetudines1 #c4 ,codex lib4 x-xii1 is that intended by the printer1 is clear both from the position and from the language of the colophon--the position because the colophon is attached to the ,codex1 and the language because it describes the volume as consisting of the ten ,collations and the three books of the ,codes4 ,the ,novellae were usually divided by the commentators into nine ,collations1 perhaps1 as ,savigny suggests1 to parallel the first nine books of the ,codex4 ,sometimes1 however1 as in the present case1 the ,consuetudines feudorum were joined with them and reckoned as a tenth collation4 ,notwithstanding these plain indications1 in the copy described by ,hain 99#ifbc1 and in the ,british ,museum copy 7as at present1 though not as originally1 bound71 the ,codex x-xii is placed between the ,novellae and the ,consuetudines1 thus removing the colophon from its natural place at the end of the volume4 ,in the first edition of these works1 printed by ,vitus ,puecher1 ,rome1 #adgf1 they were placed in the order last named1 but the colophon was there attached to the ,consuetudines4 ,after the death of his father-in-law and partner ,fust1 late in #adff or early in #adfg1 ,schoeffer conducted the press alone until his death in #aejb4 ,after #adgh1 however1 his activity as a printer was much diminished4 ,the present large and fine copy 7leaf #ae-c_/d x #aa-a_/d in471 with the manuscript signatures still in part preserved1 is from the library of ,sir ,john ,hayford ,thorold 7#aggc-ahca7 of ,syston ,park1 ,lincolnshire1 sold in ,december1 #ahhd4 ,in the ,meerman sale at the ,hague1 #ahbd1 this same copy1 bound as at present in russia gilt1 sold for #fd florins4 #c4 ,,isidorus ,,hispalensis4 ,etymologiarum libri ,,xx4 ,strassburg1 ,johann ,mentelin1 c4 #adgc4 ,fol4 #a1 blank4 ,fol4 #b;a3 ,,incipit ,,epistola ,,isidori ,,ivnioris ,,hispalensis ,,episcopi ,,ad ,,bravlionem ,,cesaravgvstanvm ,,episcopvm4 ,three other letters to the same and two replies2 tabula generalis4 ,fol4 #c;b1 col4 #b3 ,,incipivnt ,,capitvla ,,primi ,,libri4 ,,incipit ,,liber ,,primvs ,,ethimologiarvm ,,isidori ,,hispalensis ,,episcopi4 ,,de ,,disciplina ,,et ,,arte4 ,fol4 #bg;b1 col4 #a3 ,,incipivnt ,,capitvla ,,libri ,,qvarti4 ,fol4 #bg;b1 col4 #b3 ,,prefacio4 ,d,omino et filio syseputo ysidorus44444 ,,incipit ,,liber ,,ysidori ,,de ,,rervm ,,natvra ,,ad ,,sisepvtvm ,,regem4 ,fol4 #cg;a1 col4 #b3 ,,incipivnt ,,capitvla ,,libri ,,qvarti4 ,,incipit ,,liber ,,qvartvs ,,de ,,medicina4 ,fol4 #adb;a1 ,,colophon3 ,,explicit ,,liber ,,ethimologiarvm ,,isidori ,,hispalensis ,,episcopi4 ,folio4 ,quires #a-acaj1 #adab1 #adb leaves1 the first blank1 #b columns1 #ea lines to the column1 without signatures1 catchwords1 pagination1 printer's name1 place or date4 ,gothic lower-case type1 roman capitals4 ,book and chapter headings printed wholly in majuscules4 ,large woodcut diagrams4 ,three-to nine-line spaces left for chapter and book initials1 also spaces for occasional ,greek words 7mostly left unsupplied7 and for small diagrams4 ,two pinholes1 which in ,mentelin's use point to a date not later than #adgc4 ,hain 99#ibgj4 ,brit4 ,mus4 #aeth cent41 ,i1 p4 #eg 7,,ic4 #ehf74 ,burger pl4 #agj4 ,on the first page large illuminated initial with floral border ornament1 and similar initials at the head of the several books4 ,chapter initials supplied in red or blue2 initial-strokes in red throughout the volume4 ,blank first leaf wanting4 ,incorporated with the present edition of the ,etymologiae by way of supplement1 though not named in the table of contents1 is an earlier treatise of ,isidore's entitled ,de natura rerum1 written at the request of ,sisebut1 king of the ,visigoths1 #fab-fba1 and dedicated to him4 ,it contains the sum of the physical philosophy of his time1 and1 being largely astronomical1 is sometimes found in the ,,mss4 under the title ,liber de astronomia4 ,in order to bring it into immediate connection with the corresponding section of the ,etymologiae1 it is placed immediately after the third book 7devoted to the quadrivium1 the last division of which is astronomy7 and given irregularly the heading ,liber quartus1 the regular ,liber quartus 7,de medicina7 beginning twenty pages later4 ,two of the #dh chapters of which it is composed are wanting here1 but by the subdivision of other chapters the number is raised to #eh4 ,zainer of ,augsburg1 the printer of the first edition of the ,etymologiae1 dated #ai ,november1 #adgb1 followed it the next month with an edition of ,de responsione mundi et astrorum ordinatione ad ,sesibutum regem1 which is the work in question under another title4 ,printed with the same type and the same number of lines to the page1 it was in effect treated as a supplement to the ,etymologiae4 ,according to the testimony of a fellow printer1 de ,lignamine1 in the ,chronica summorum ,pontificum1 ,rome1 #adgd1 ,mentelin as early as #adeh was printing at ,strassburg #cjj sheets a day4 ,the third ,latin ,bible 7#adfj-adfa7 and the first ,german ,bible came from his press1 but the first work to which he affixed his name and a date was the ,speculum historiale of ,vincent of ,beauvais in #adgc4 ,he died in #adgh4 ,the ,wodhull copy1 bought at ,hayes's sale in #agid for ,l#e4es41 and bound in russia gilt1 with ,wodhull arms on side1 by ,mrs4 ,weir for ,l#a4bs4 ,leaf #ae-c_/d x #aa in4 #d4 ,,gesta ,,romanorum4 ,cologne1 ,ulrich ,zell1 c4 #adgc4 ,fol4 #a1 blank4 ,fol4 #b;a3 ,ex gestis romanorum hystorie notabiles3 de vitijs virtutibusque tractantes3 cum applicacionibus moralizatis et misticis3 ,incipiunt feliciter4 ,fol4 #afj;b1 col4 #a1 ,,colophon3 ,ex gestis romanorum cum pluribus applicatis historijs3 de virtutibus et vitijs mistice ad intellectum transsumptis ,recollectorij finis est feliciter4 ,,lavs4 ,,deo4 ,fol4 #afj;b1 col4 #b3 ,incipiunt tituli numerorum omnium capitulorum et exemplorum4 ,fol4 #afc;a3 ,tabula omnium exemplorum et capitulorum operis praecedentis4 secundum ordinem alphabeti4 ,fol4 #agj;a3 ,explicit tabula4 ,fol4 #agj;b1 blank4 ,folio4 #agj leaves in seventeen quires of ten leaves each1 #b columns1 #cf lines to the column1 gothic letter1 without signatures1 catchwords1 pagination1 place1 printer's name or date4 ,two- to five-line spaces left for capitals4 ,one pinhole in side margin1 others possibly cut away in binding4 ,hain #ggcd1 ,pellechet #ebdg4 ,brit4 ,mus4 #aeth cent41 ,i1 p4 #aif 7,,ib4 #biid74 ,on fol4 #b;a and #afc;a five-line initials in blue with graceful pen decoration in red4 ,initials of chapters and morals supplied in alternate red and blue4 ,paragraph-marks and initial-strokes in red2 headings underlined in red4 ,blank first leaf wanting4 ,this edition of the ,gesta contains #aha chapters and appears to have been preceded only by another undated edition printed at ,utrecht by ,ketelaer and ,leempt1 in long lines1 with #aeb chapters and no index4 ,ulrich ,zell was the first printer of ,cologne4 ,his first dated book was issued in #adff and he continued to print quite up to the close of the fifteenth century4 ,nearly all his books are1 like the present1 without place1 date or printer's name4 ,of the #agg books which he is known to have printed1 the ,british ,museum possesses #abc4 ,the ,wodhull copy1 bound in russia1 gilt edges4 ,leaf #aj-c_/d x #g-a_/b in4 ,mem4 on fly-leaf3 ,pateson's ,auction4 ,l#e4es2 washing1 cleaning1 mending and binding by ,roger ,payne ,l#a4bs4#f;d4 ,m4 ,wodhull1 ,may #beth1 #aghf4 #e4 ,,gregorius ,i4 ,homiliae ,,xl super ,evangeliis4 ,augsburg1 ,guenther ,zainer4 #bh ,august1 #adgc4 ,fol4 #a;a3 ,ordo 4xl4 omeliarum beati gregorij pape ad secundinum episcopum ,thauronitarum4 ,fol4 #a;b3 ,,seqvitvr ,,epistola ,r,euerendissimo et sanctissimo frati secundino coepiscopo4 ,gregorius seruus seruorum dei4 ,fol4 #b;a3 ,,explicit ,,epistola ,,incipit ,,ewangelivm4 ,s4 ,,lvcam4444 ,omelia prima beati ,gregorij pape4 ,fol4 #ada;b1 ,,colophon3 ,adeptus est finis ambarum parcium omeliarum beatissimi gregorii pape vrbis rome jn die sancti hermetis sub ,anno domini ,m cccc lxxiij4 ,fol4 #adb;a3 ,table of the homilies in the order of the liturgical year4 ,folio4 ,quires #a-acaj1 #adab1 #adb leaves1 #cc lines to the page1 gothic letter1 without signatures1 catchwords1 pagination1 place or printer's name4 ,two- and three-line spaces left for capitals1 which are supplied in red4 ,paragraph-marks and initial-strokes in red4 ,hain 99#gidh1 ,pellechet #ecff4 ,brit4 ,mus4 #aeth cent41 ,,ii1 p4 #cai 7,,ib4 #edeg74 ,gregory's ,homilies1 of which this is the first edition1 and the three next following works bound with it1 are from the press of ,guenther ,zainer1 of ,reutlingen1 the first printer of ,augsburg4 ,all are in the same type1 the heavy-faced gothic of his second font1 are rubricated by the same hand1 and though two of them are undated1 were all evidently printed at about the same time4 ,he was the first printer in ,germany to make use of roman type1 of which the earliest example seems to have been his ,calendarium pro anno #adgb4 ,he died in #adgh1 ten years after the appearance of his first dated book4 ,the ,wodhull copy1 bound by ,roger ,payne in russia gilt4 ,leaf #ab x #h-a_/d in4 ,mem4 on fly-leaf3 ,payne's sale4 ,l#b4ab4f1 binding and restoring #ags4#f;d4 ,these four pieces were taken out of old monastic binding4 ,m4 ,wodhull1 ,jan4 #eth1 #agie4 #f4 ,,psalterium ,,latinum4 ,augsburg1 ,guenther ,zainer1 c4 #adgc4 ,fol4 #a;a3 ,prologus beati jeronimi presbiteri in psalterium quod ipse de hebraico transtulit in latinum ,e,vsebius jeronimus soffronio suo salutem4 ,fol4 #a;b3 ,explicit prologus beati jeronimi4 ,incipit psalterium ,psalmos dauid primus4 ,fol4 #ea;a3 ,canticum ,ysaie capitulo lxxij 7sic71 followed by cantica of ,hezekiah1 ,hannah1 ,moses 7#b71 ,habakkuk4 ,fol4 #ed;a1 ,,colophon3 ,explicit translacio soliloquiorum siue psalterij beatissimi ,ieronimi eusebii presbiteri quod ad peticionem soffronij transtulit ut in epistolam ante psalterium impressa praemittitur etc4 ,folio4 ,quires #a-eaj1 #fd1 #ed leaves1 #cc lines to the page1 gothic letter1 without signatures1 catchwords1 pagination1 place1 printer's name or date4 ,two- to four-line spaces left for initials1 which are supplied in red4 ,paragraph-marks and initial-strokes in red4 ,hain 99#acdgj4 ,brit4 ,mus4 #aeth cent41 ,,ii1 p4 #cbj 7,,ib4 #eefj74 ,jerome's final translations of the ,old ,testament books direct from the ,hebrew were all adopted into the received ,latin version1 the ,vulgate1 except this of the ,psalms4 ,here his earlier revision of the old ,italic version on the basis of the ,septuagint had become so firmly established in liturgical use that the translation from the ,hebrew1 though more exact1 could not displace it4 ,this appears to be the first printed edition4 ,bound with ,no4 #e4 ,gregorii ,homiliae4 #g4 ,,modus ,,perveniendi ,,ad ,,summam ,,sapientiam4 ,augsburg1 ,guenther ,zainer1 c4 #adgc4 ,fol4 #a;a3 ,s,entite de domino in bonitate et in simplicitate cordis quaerite illum4 ,fol4 #b;a3 ,explicit prologus ,incipit modus ad summam perveniendi sapienciam4 ,fol4 #bd;a1 l4 #cc1 ,,end3 sibi sparso diuinitus in ipsum ardentissime se extendit etc4 ,fol4 #bd;b1 blank4 ,folio4 ,quires #a-baj1 #cd1 #bd leaves1 #cc lines to the page1 gothic letter1 without signatures1 catchwords or pagination1 place1 printer's name or date4 ,two- to four-line spaces left for capitals1 which are supplied in red4 ,initial-strokes in red4 ,hain 99#aadij4 ,brit4 ,mus4 #aeth cent41 ,,ii1 p4 #cbj 7,,ib4 #eeca74 ,bound with ,no4 #e4 ,gregorii ,homiliae4 #h4 ,,hugo de ,,sancto ,,victore4 ,soliloquium de arrha animae4 ,augsburg1 ,guenther ,zainer4 #ab ,october1 #adgc4 ,fol4 #a;a3 ,incipit soliloquium beatissimi ,augustini episcopi yponensi 7sic7 de arra anime4 ,fol4 #g;b1 ,,end3 ,raptus est finis huius tractatus ,augustini de arra anime4 feria tercia post festum sancti ,dyonisy ,anno domini lxxiij etc4 ,fol4 #h1 blank4 ,folio4 #h leaves1 the last blank1 #cc lines to the page1 gothic letter1 without place or printer's name4 ,three-line space for first initial and initial-strokes supplied in red4 ,blank last leaf wanting4 ,hain 99#bjba4 ,pellechet #aebe4 ,brit4 ,mus4 #aeth cent41 p4 #cai 7,,ib4 #edea74 ,the author of the work here directly ascribed to ,st4 ,augustine was the mystic theologian ,hugo de ,sancto ,victore 7#ajig-aadj71 member of the ,canons ,regular of ,st4 ,augustine and head of the abbey school of ,st4 ,victor1 near ,paris4 ,from his familiarity with the writings of ,augustine and likeness to his spirit1 he was styled ,alter ,augustinus1 a title which furnishes a plausible but not wholly satisfactory explanation of the confusion in the present case4 ,for among the spurious writings which have been put under ,augustine's name more than one has been borrowed from this author4 ,for example1 chapters #e-aj of the ,liber de diligendo ,deo are taken almost word for word from the present treatise4 ,in the present edition of this soliloquy cast in the form of a dialogue the interlocutors are ,augustinus and ,anima 7both names always printed in capitals72 in a ,strassburg edition of about the same date1 ,hugo and anima sua2 in the collected edition of ,hugo's works1 homo and anima4 ,bound with ,no4 #e4 ,gregorii ,homiliae4 #i4 ,,caracciolus1 ,,robertus1 de ,licio4 ,opus quadragesimale quod de poenitentia dictum est4 ,venetiis1 ,wendelinus de ,spira1 #bj ,july1 #adgb4 ,fol4 #a1 blank4 ,fol4 #b;a3 ,hec est tabula omnium sermonum contentorum hoc in uolumine4 ,fol4 #c;a3 ,sacre theologie magistri necnon sacri eloquij preconis celeberrimi fratris ,roberti de ,litio ordinis ,minorum professoris opus quadragesimale perutilissimum quod de penitentia dictum est4 ,feliciter incipit4 ,fol4 #bfg;a1 ,,colophon3 ,vendelinus ego gentis cognomine spiere6 ,roberti haec caste purgata uolumina pressi6 ,sedis apostolice ,romano praeside ,sixto ,magnanimo et uenetum ,nicolao principe ,truno ,m4cccclxxij4xx4quintilis4 ,fol4 #bfg;b1 #bfh1 blank4 ,fol4 #bfi;a3 ,sermo in festo annuntiationis uirginis marie et eiusdem ,roberti cum tribus 7sic7 aliis sermonibus sequentibus4 s4 de predestinato numero damnatorum et de cathenis4 ,fol4 #bhi;b3 ,finis trium sermonum ,fratris ,roberti444 ,fol4 #bij1 blank4 ,quarto4 ,quires #a-gaj1 #hab1 #i-aaaj1 #abh1 #ac-aeaj1 #afh1 #ag-bgaj1 #bh-cjf1 #cad1 #bij leaves1 #a1 #bfh1 #bij blank1 #dj lines to the page1 gothic letter1 without signatures1 catchwords or pagination4 ,two- to seven-line spaces with guide-letters left for initials4 ,two pinholes on side4 ,initials and paragraph-marks supplied in red4 ,blank leaf #bfh wanting4 ,hain-,copinger #ddbd4 ,pellechet #cbdd4 ,proctor #cebd4 ,wendelin of ,speier succeeded in #adgj to the press established in #adfi by his brother ,john1 the first printer of ,venice1 who lived to complete only four books4 ,gothic type was introduced into ,italy by ,wendelin4 ,roberto ,caraccioli1 born at ,lecce in #adbe1 was bishop of his native city from #adhd to #adie4 ,the great reputation which these sermons enjoyed is attested by the fact that four editions1 three of them printed in ,venice1 appeared in #adgb1 and four more in #adgc1 one of which was ,wendelin's second edition1 an exact reprint of the present4 ,the ,wodhull copy1 bought at the sale of the library of ,samuel ,tyssen1 in #ahja1 for ,l#a4as41 bound in russia gilt1 with ,wodhull arms on side1 at a further cost of #ai shillings4 ,leaf #aj-a_/h x #g-a_/b in4 #aj4 ,,valla1 ,,laurentius4 ,elegantiae linguae ,latinae4 ,venetiis1 ,nicolaus ,jenson1 #adga4 ,fol4 #a;a3 ,,lavrentii ,,vallensis ,e,legantiarum compendiosae collectionis in ordinem alphabeti directae principium4 ,fol4 #i;a1 blank4 ,fol4 #i;b3 ,,lavrentii ,,vallensis ,,viri ,,clarissimi ,,et ,,de ,,lingva ,,latina ,,bene ,,merentis ,,ad ,,ioannem ,,tortellivm ,,aretinvm3 ,,cvi ,,opus ,,elegantiarvm ,,lingvae ,,latinae ,,dedicat ,,epistola4 ,fol4 #aa;a3 ,,lavrentii ,,vallensis ,,patricii ,,romani ,,commentariorvm ,,grammaticorvm ,,secvndvm ,,elegantiam ,,lingvae ,,latinae ,,liber ,,primvs ,,de ,,nomine ,,verboqve4 ,,et ,,ex ,,his ,,dvobvs ,,composito ,,participio ,,inctpit ,,prooemivm4 ,fol4 #aei;b3 ,,lavrentii ,,vallensis ,,de ,,langvae ,,latinae ,,elegantia ,,tertivs ,,liber ,,finit3 ,,incipit ,,iiii4 ,,de ,,nominvm ,,significationibvs4 ,for ,,tertivs read ,,qvintus2 for ,,iiii4 ,,de ,,nominvm ,,significationibvs read ,,vi4 ,,de ,,notis ,,scriptorvm4 ,fol4 #aij;a3 ,,lavrentii ,,vallensis ,,de ,,lingvae ,,latinae ,,elegantia3 ,,et ,,de ,,ego ,,mei ,,tvi ,,et ,,svi ,,ad ,,ioannem ,,tortellivm ,,aretinvm ,,liber ,,incipit4 ,fol4 #bjj;b1 ,,colophon3 ,,lavrentii ,,vallensis ,,de ,,lingvae ,,latinae ,,elegantia3 ,,et ,,de ,,ego ,,mei ,,tvi ,,et ,,svi ,,ad ,,ioannem ,,tortellivm ,,aretinvm ,,per ,,me ,m4 ,,nicolavm ,,ienson ,,venetiis ,,opvs ,,feliciter ,,impressvm ,,est4 ,m4,,cccclxxi4 ,fol4 #bja1 #bjb1 blank4 ,quarto4 ,quires #ah1 #bab1 #c-daj1 #eab1 #f-gaj1 #hab1 #iad1 #aj-aaaj1 #abab1 #ach1 #adf1 #ae-aiaj1 #bjh1 #bjb leaves1 the last two blank1 roman letter1 #ci lines to the page1 without signatures1 catchwords or pagination4 ,two- to six-line spaces left for capitals and spaces also for ,greek words1 to be supplied in manuscript4 ,two pinholes on side4 ,the type is ,jenson's first font4 ,hain #aehjb4 ,proctor #djga4 ,at the head of the first page is a large initial of the interlaced vine pattern in gold and colors1 with a border of the same pattern enclosing the entire page4 ,the remaining five books1 the prefatory epistle and the supplement ,de ego1 mei et sui are introduced by initials of the same size and style4 ,alternate red and blue capitals at the head of chapters1 paragraph-marks also in red and blue4 ,a few of the spaces left for ,greek words are filled in manuscript1 but more are left vacant4 ,when ,jenson later in the same year printed ,cicero's ,letters1 he was provided with ,greek type4 ,the blank fol4 #i;a is occupied by a transcript in an early hand of the greater part of lib4 i1 cap4 iv 7,de ficu71 from a ,,ms4 the readings of which differ materially from the printed text4 ,for the purposes of the index the six books have been divided into a continuous series of #dgi chapters1 designated in the margins of the text by manuscript roman numerals1 but in the index by printed numerals4 ,the references are not1 as in later editions1 to book and chapter1 but to chapters only4 ,the index1 alphabetized by the first letter of the word only1 printed on different paper and forming a separate quire1 is here placed at the beginning of the volume2 but traces of earlier manuscript signatures still remaining1 bear witness to a former order in which the text preceded the index1 as is still the case in some copies of this edition4 ,most of ,jenson's early books were folios4 ,but notwithstanding the size of the leaf 7#ac x #h in471 this is a quarto1 as both the direction of the chain-lines and the position of the water-mark prove4 ,however1 because of the limitations of the early presses1 it was doubtless printed on half-sheets1 folio-wise1 two pages at most at one impression4 ,of the twenty-four #aeth-century editions of the ,elegantiae the three earliest1 one of which was ,jenson's1 were printed in #adga4 ,although the tradition that ,nicolas ,jenson1 master of the mint at ,tours1 was sent by ,charles ,,vii4 in #adeh to ,mainz to learn the secrets of the newly discovered art of printing is otherwise unsupported and1 in view of the manner in which the invention was afterwards carried to ,france as well as to other countries by private initiative1 improbable1 he was already a master of the art1 wherever and however acquired1 when he established in #adgj the press which held the leading place at ,venice until his death in #adhj4 ,the present exceptionally fine copy of the ,elegantiae1 bound in citron morocco1 with gold borders and gilt edges1 is the ,wodhull copy1 bought in #aghf of ,payne for ,l#aj4ajs4 #aa4 ,,plinius ,,secundus1 ,c4 ,naturalis historia4 ,venetiis1 ,nicolaus ,jenson1 #adgb4 ,fol4 #a1 blank4 ,fol4 #b;a3 ,,caivs ,,plynivs ,,marco ,,svo ,,salvtem4 ,fol4 #d;a3 ,,caii ,,plynii ,,secvndi ,,natvralis ,,historiae ,,liber 4,i4 ,,caivs ,,plynivs ,,secvndvs ,,novocomensis ,,domitiano ,,svo ,,salvtem4 ,,praefatio4 ,fol4 #ba;a3 ,,caii ,,plinii ,,secvndi ,,natvralis ,,historiae ,,liber 4,,ii4 ,fol4 #cee;a1 ,,colophon3 ,,caii ,,plynii ,,secvndi ,,natvralis ,,historiae ,,libri ,,tricesimi ,,septimi ,,et ,,vltimi ,,finis ,,impressi ,,venetiis ,,per ,,nicolavm ,,ienson ,,gallicvm 4,m4,,cccc4,,lxxii4 ,,nicolao ,,trono ,,inclyto ,,venetiarvm ,,dvce4 ,followed by3 ,iohannis andreae episcopi aleriensis ad pontificem summum ,paulum secundum uenetum epistola4 ,fol4 #cef;a3 ,hereneus lugdunensis episcopus3 item ,iustinus ex philosopho martyr3 item cum diuo ,hieronymo ,eusebius caesariensis3 serio posteritatem adiurarunt3 ut eorum descripturi opera conferrent diligenter exemplaria3 et sollerti studio emendarent4 ,idem ego tum in caeteris libris omnibus tum maxime in ,plynio ut fiat2 uehementer obsecro3 obtestor3 atque adiuro3 ne ad priora menda3 et tenebras inextricabiles tanti sudoris opus relabatur4 ,instauratum aliquantulum sub romano pontifice maximo ,paulo secundo ueneto4 ,fol4 #cef;b1 blank4 ,folio4 ,quires #aab1 #bh1 #c-haj1 #iab1 #aj-aeaj1 #afh1 #ag-bgaj1 #bhf1 #bi-cjaj1 #ca-ceh1 #cfab1 #cgh1 #cef leaves1 first blank1 #ej lines to the page1 roman letter1 without signatures1 catchwords or pagination4 ,two- to twelve-line spaces left for capitals1 with guide-letters2 also spaces for occasional ,greek words4 ,greek type sparingly used1 oftener transliteration in roman4 ,two pinholes4 ,hain 99#acjhi4 ,proctor #djhg4 ,morgan ,cat4 ,,ii1 p4 #ci1 n4 #big4 ,the rubrication of the present copy is not only elaborate but also of unusual merit4 ,the first of the twelve-line initials of the thirty-seven books is finely illuminated in gold and colors4 ,the others1 in the outlines of which grotesque features are occasionally introduced1 are set off by skilful pen-work1 harmonizing in general effect1 but carefully avoiding repetition in details4 ,the chapter initials also1 a thousand or more in number1 in alternate red and blue1 or red and green1 have much variety and grace4 ,the initial ,l1 for example1 occurring twenty-eight times in the first book1 is never repeated in the same form and color4 ,the blank fol4 #c;b is occupied by the name ,jesus in very large and ornate characters1 in different colors1 surrounded by scroll and figure decoration4 ,the ,bagneri arms1 included in the ornamentation of the first initial1 point to an early ownership of the volume1 and the arms of the ,antella family of ,florence at the foot of the first page1 to a later ownership4 ,the introductory epistle of the younger ,pliny1 describing his uncle's manner of life1 was addressed to his friend ,macer1 who here becomes ,marcus by the easy transposition of ,macro to ,marco4 ,less easily explained is the substitution in the dedication of ,domitian for his brother ,titus ,vespasian1 to whom ,pliny dedicated the work4 ,two editions of the ,naturalis ,historia preceded this1 the first printed by ,john of ,speier in #adfi1 with a five years' privilege from the ,venetian senate1 which expired at his death in #adgj1 the second by ,sweynheym and ,pannartz1 ,rome1 #adgj4 ,with the first of these1 ,jenson's edition agrees in the number of pages and of lines to the page4 ,from the second he reprinted the letter addressed by the editor ,johannes ,andreas1 ,bishop of ,aleria1 to his patron ,pope ,paul ,,ii41 and the earnest appeal for care on the part of any who should reprint his ,pliny1 ne ad priora menda et tenebras inextricabiles tanti sudoris opus relabatur4 ,fifteen more editions were printed before the close of the #aeth century4 ,jenson's ,pliny is generally regarded as the finest production of his press4 ,the type is his first font4 ,the ,wodhull copy1 bought of ,thomas ,payne1 book-seller1 in #agia for ,l#ab4abs41 and bound by ,roger ,payne in russia gilt1 with ,wodhull arms on side1 at the additional cost of ,l#a4 ,leaf #ae-a_/d x #aj-a_/d in4 #ab4 ,,nonius ,,marcellus4 ,de compendiosa doctrina4 ,venetiis1 ,nicolaus ,jenson1 #adgf4 ,fol4 #a1 blank4 ,fol4 #b-bj1 alphabetical index4 ,fol4 #ba1 blank4 ,fol4 #bb;a3 ,,nonii ,,marcelli ,,peripatetici ,,tibvrticensis ,,compendiosa ,,doctrina ,,ad ,,filivm ,,de ,,proprietate ,,sermonvm4 ,fol4 #aid;a1 ,,colophon3 ,,nonii ,,marcelli ,,peripatetici ,,tibvrticensis ,,compendiosa ,,doctrina ,,ad ,,filivm ,,de ,,proprietate ,,sermonvm ,,impressa ,,venetiis ,,indvstria ,,atqve ,,impendio ,,nicolai ,,ienson ,,gallici4 4,m4,,cccc4,,lxxvi4 ,fol4 #aid;b1 blank4 ,folio4 ,sign4 a-c#aj1 d-y#h1 z#ab1 #aid leaves1 #a and #ba blank1 #cd lines to the page1 roman letter1 without catchwords or pagination4 ,seven- and eight-line spaces left for capitals1 some with guide-letters4 ,the type is ,jenson's first roman trimmed or recast the second time on a slightly smaller body4 ,greek words as a rule printed with ,greek type1 not transliterated4 ,hain #aaija4 ,proctor #djih4 ,on the first page of text a large initial ,s in gold on a panel of color1 with marginal decoration4 ,other large chapter initials in red and blue alternately4 ,numerous paragraph-marks in alternate red and blue4 ,blank first leaf wanting4 ,the index1 which occupies the first nineteen leaves1 is alphabetized as far as the second letter of the word4 ,the references are by roman numerals to the leaves 7not pages7 of the work1 which themselves have only manuscript foliation in arabic figures4 ,the first edition of ,nonius was printed at ,rome in #adgj by ,lauer2 the second1 in #adga1 was without place or name4 ,jenson's edition1 which is the third1 borrowed from both of these but added also something of value4 ,the correct title1 ,de compendiosa doctrina1 first appears here4 ,the usual title1 ,de proprietate sermonum1 belongs strictly to the first chapter4 ,as in all the early editions1 the third chapter is lacking1 having been discovered later and first included in the #aeac edition of ,aldus4 ,jenson's ,greek type long remained in favor for incidental use in ,latin books after it had been displaced in ,greek books by ,aldine types4 ,the ,wodhull copy1 ,payne's sale1 ,l#e4es41 ,january1 #agib4 ,bound by ,roger ,payne in red morocco1 gilt edges4 ,leaf #aa x #h in4 #ac4 ,,dullaert1 ,,johannes1 de ,janduno or ,gandavo4 ,quaestiones super tres libros ,aristotelis de anima4 ,venetiis1 ,franciscus de ,hailbrun et ,nicolaus de ,franckfordia socii1 #adgc4 ,fol4 #a;a1 blank4 #a;b3 ,tabula questionum domini ,johannis de ,janduno super tres libros de anima ,aristotelis4 ,fol4 #b;a3 ,i,nest enim mentibus hominum ,veri boni naturalis inserta cupiditas4 ,fol4 #ib;b1 ,,colophon3 ,expliciunt questiones domini ,johannis de ,janduno super tres libros de anima ,aristotelis impresse ,venetijs per ,franciscum de ,hailbrun et ,nicolaum de ,franckfordia socios4 ,m4,c,c,c,c,l,x,xiii4 ,folio4 ,quires #a-haj1 #iab1 #ib leaves1 #b columns1 #ga lines to the column1 gothic letter1 without signatures1 catchwords or pagination4 ,six- to twelve-line spaces left for capitals4 ,two pinholes4 ,arabic figures used to the exclusion of roman numerals not only in table of contents1 but throughout the text to mark subdivisions of the argument or individual books of a treatise4 ,hain #gdeh4 ,burger pl4 #ii4 ,on first page of text a twenty-four line initial illuminated in gold and colors1 with border ornament4 ,book and chapter initials in alternate red and blue4 ,arabic numerals1 which made their first appearance in printed books in #adgj1 were very sparingly used even at a considerably later date than #adgc4 ,the author1 commonly known as ,johannes de ,gandavo 7,ghent71 of the early part of the #adth century1 wrote commentaries also on other works of ,aristotle4 ,of the present work five editions1 of which this is the first1 were printed at ,venice in the #aeth century4 ,franz ,renner of ,heilbronn conducted a press at ,venice from #adga to #adhc1 having as partner from #adgc to #adgg ,nicolas of ,frankfort4 ,the present volume is printed in a small round-faced gothic type1 the second of the nine fonts which he used4 ,the ,wodhull copy1 bought at the ,maffei ,pinelli sale1 ,london1 #aghi1 for ,l#a4acs4 ,bound in hf4 vellum4 ,leaf #af-c_/d x #aa-a_/b in4 #ad4 ,,aristoteles4 ,libri de animalibus interprete ,theodoro ,gaza4 ,venetiis1 ,johannes de ,colonia sociusque ,johannes ,manthen1 #adgf4 ,fol4 #a1 blank4 ,fol4 #b;a3 ,,theodori3 ,,geaeci3 ,,thessalonicensis3 ,,praefatio3 ,,in ,,libros3 ,,de ,,animalibvs3 ,,aristotelis3 ,,philosophi3 ,,ad ,,xystvm3 ,,qvartvm3 ,,maximvm4 ,fol4 #g;b3 ,,aristotelis3 ,,de ,,historia3 ,,animalivm3 ,,liber ,,primvs ,,interprete ,,theodoro4 ,fol4 #aca;a3 ,,aristotelis ,,de ,,partibvs ,,animalivm ,,liber ,,primvs ,,interprete ,,theodoro4 ,fol4 #ahd;a3 ,,aristotelis ,,de ,,generatione ,,animalivm ,,liber ,,primvs ,,interprete ,,theodoro4 ,fol4 #bej;b1 ,,colophon3 ,finiunt libri de animalibus ,aristotelis interprete ,theodoro ,gaze4 ,v4 clarissimo3 quos ,ludouicus podocatharus ,cyprius ex ,archetypo ipsius ,theodori fideliter et diligenter auscultauit3 et formulis imprimi curauit ,venetiis per ,iohannem de ,colonia sociumque eius ,iohannem manthen de ,gherretzem4 ,anno domini 4,m4,,cccc4,,lxxvi4 ,fol4 #bea;a3 ,tabula cartarum secundum ordinem ponendarum4 ,fol4 #bea;b1 #beb1 blank4 ,folio4 ,sign4 a-b#aj1 c-d#h1 e#aj1 f#h1 g#aj1 h#h1 i#aj1 k#h1 l-t#aj1 u#h1 x#aj1 aa-dd#aj1 ee#h1 ff#f4 #beb leaves1 the first and the last blank1 roman letter1 #ce lines to the page1 without pagination4 ,two- to seven-line spaces left for initials1 with guide-letters4 ,hain 99#afii4 ,proctor #dcab4 ,morgan ,cat41 ,,ii1 p4 #dh1 n4 #cac4 ,burger pl4 #aii4 ,the border surrounding the first page of text1 and eighteen initials of the several books1 are illuminated in gold and colors4 ,chapter initials supplied in red and blue alternately4 ,printed signatures1 which appear to have been first introduced by ,zarotto of ,milan in #adgj1 and a register of sheets1 first used by ,john of ,cologne in #adge1 are both found in this volume4 ,the register1 which may give only the number of sheets in each of the quires1 or the first word of each sheet of the quire1 is here of the latter kind4 ,unfortunately two sheets escaped registration and the words are supplied in manuscript4 ,three separate treatises of ,aristotle are contained in this volume3 ,historia de animalibus libri ix2 ,de partibus animalium libri iv2 ,de generatione animalium libri v4 ,theodore ,gaza1 the translator1 was a learned ,greek from ,thessalonica1 who took up his residence in ,italy on the capture of his native city by the ,turks4 ,the translation was made at the instance of ,nicolas ,v41 who had invited him to ,rome in #adej1 but was first printed in the present edition 7,venice1 #adgf7 and dedicated in a flattering epistle of eleven pages to the reigning pope1 ,sixtus ,,iv4 ,the fifty scudi which the pope sent in acknowledgment of the dedication copy ,gaza is said to have thrown in disgust into the ,tiber4 ,it is interesting to note in this connection that while the ,venice editions of #adib and #adih retain the name of ,sixtus ,,iv4 in the dedication1 ,aldus after having omitted the epistle altogether in his #aejd edition1 in that of #aeac quietly substituted the name of ,nicolas ,v41 the earlier and worthier patron1 without a word of change in the language of the dedication itself4 ,later editions have followed the example of ,aldus4 ,john of ,cologne1 established as a printer at ,venice as early as #adga1 was associated #adgb-adgc with ,wendelin of ,speier1 whose business and types he took over in #adgd4 ,he had as partner1 #adgd-adhj1 ,john ,manthen1 and in #adhj1 ,nicolas ,jenson4 ,the type of the ,aristotle is a close imitation of the first font of ,john and ,wendelin of ,speier4 ,the ,wodhull copy1 bought at the ,pinelli sale for ,l#b4abs4#f;d4 ,bound in hf4 vellum4 ,leaf #ab x #h-a_/d in4 #ae4 ,,ubertinus ,,de ,,casali4 ,arbor vitae crucifixae ,jesu4 ,venetiis1 ,andreas de ,bonetis de ,papia1 #ab ,march1 #adhe4 ,fol4 #a1 blank4 ,fol4 #b;a3 ,,incipit ,,prologvs ,,in ,,librvm ,,qvi ,,intitvlatvr ,,arbor ,,vite ,,crvcifixe ,,iesv4 ,,et ,,dicitvr ,,opvs ,,vbertini ,,de ,,casali4 ,,qvi ,,fvit ,,frater ,,professvs ,,ordinis ,,minorvm ,,beati ,,francisci4 ,fol4 #d;a1 col4 #b3 ,explicit primus prologus4 ,incipit secundus4 ,fol4 #e;a1 col4 #b3 ,explicit prologus secundus4 ,incipit liber primus4 ,fol4 #bdh;b1 col4 #b1 ,,colophon3 ,liber qui intitulatur ,arbor uite crucifixe ,iesu deuotissimi fratris ,vbertini de ,casali ordinis minorum feliciter explicit4 ,impressus ,venetiis per ,andream de ,bonettis de ,papia4 ,anno 4,m4,,cccc4,,lxxxv4 ,die4xii4,martii4 ,ioanne ,mocenico inclyto principe regnante4 ,fol4 #bdi;a3 ,tabula capitulorum4 ,fol4 #bdi;b1 col4 #b3 ,registrum4 ,fol4 #bej1 blank4 ,folio4 ,sign4 a-z#h1 ,a#h1 ,b#ab1 ,c-,g#h1 ,h#f4 #bej leaves1 #a1 #bjd1 #bej blank1 #b columns and head-line1 #eh lines to the column1 roman letter4 ,the head-lines give the subject1 book and chapter numbers4 ,eight-line spaces left for the initials of the five books and three-line spaces1 some with guide-letters1 for the chapter initials1 both supplied in red4 ,blank first and last leaves wanting4 ,hain 99#deea4 ,pellechet #ccca4 ,proctor #dhaf4 ,bound in olive green morocco with gold borders and gilt edges4 ,book-stamp of ,j4 ,richard1 ,d4,m41 on first and last leaf of text1 and book-plate of another owner1 ,jules ,frayssenet1 of ,fleurance1 printed on full leaf inserted between the fly-leaves1 front and back1 and the text4 ,leaf #aj-a_/d x #g-c_/d in4 ,andreas de ,bonetis1 of ,pavia1 printed at ,venice from #adhc to #adhg4 #af4 ,,albertis1 ,,leo ,,baptista ,,de4 ,de amoris remedio4 #adga4 ,fol4 #a;a3 ,,batistae ,,de ,,albertis ,,poetae ,,lavreati ,,opvs ,,praeclarvm ,,in ,,amoris ,,remedio ,,feliciter ,,incipit4 ,fol4 #bj;b1 ,,colophon3 ,,baptistae ,,de ,,albertis ,,poetae ,,lavreati ,,opvs ,,in ,,amoris ,,remedio ,,vtilissimvm ,,feliciter ,,finit4 4,m4,,cccc4,,lxxi4 ,quarto4 ,quires #ah1 #bab1 #bj leaves1 #be lines to the page1 roman letter1 without signatures1 catchwords1 pagination1 place or printer's name4 ,two- to six-line spaces left for initials1 but the present copy is without rubrication4 ,hain 99#dbb4 ,panzer iii4 #hb1 #fi2 iv4 #e1 #af4 ,pellechet #bfh4 ,proctor #gcdf4 ,notwithstanding the ,latin title1 the work itself is wholly in ,italian and both in the ,,mss4 and in later printed editions is found also under the title ,deifira ossia del mal principiato amore4 ,a companion volume by the same author1 with the ,latin title ,de amore liber1 and the ,italian1 ,ecatomfilea ossia del vero amore1 was printed the same year1 in the same type1 the same number of leaves and lines to the page4 ,still another work in the same type and form and apparently of the same date1 entitled ,historieta amorosa fra ,leonora de' ,bardi e ,hippolito ,bondelmonti1 is attributed on good evidence to ,de ,albertis4 ,copies of all three works1 printed alike on vellum and bound together in one volume1 formerly in the ,mac-,carthy ,collection 7,catalogue1 ,paris1 #ahae1 no4 #ceie71 are now in the ,bibliotheque ,nationale 7,velins #aifd74 ,in the present copy of ,de amoris remedio the manuscript signatures b and c1 partly cut away1 point to an earlier binding1 in which the ,historieta consisting of only twelve leaves may possibly have formed the signature a4 ,panzer was disposed to identify the peculiar roman type of these volumes with that used by the fourth printer of ,venice1 ,clemente of ,padua1 between whom and ,zarotto of ,milan1 ,hain was later in doubt4 ,but ,proctor was convinced that the small group of books to which these belong1 nearly all of them connected in some way with ,florence1 were the productions of the first1 so far unidentified1 press of that city4 ,the date they bear 7#adga7 places them among the earliest books printed in the ,italian language4 ,witness the following first editions3 ,petrarch's ,canzoniere1 #adgj2 ,il ,decamerone1 #adga2 ,la ,divina ,commedia1 #adgb4 ,the present copy1 bound in blue morocco1 with the crest of the ,marquis of ,blandford on side1 was sold in his 7,white ,knights7 sale in #ahai for ,l#b4 ,leaf #i-a_/d x #f-c_/d in4 ,from the ,syston ,park sale1 ,december1 #ahhd1 with book-plate and the monogram 7,j4,h4,t47 of ,sir ,john ,hayford ,thorold4 #ag4 ,,aesopus4 ,vita et fabulae graece4 ,vita et fabulae latine4 ,fabulae selectae graece et latine4 ,milan1 ,bonus ,accursius1 c4 #adhj4 ,part ,i4 ,fol4 #a;a3 ,bonus ,accursius ,pisanus doctissimo sapientissimo ducali quaestori ,iohanni ,francisco turriano salutem plurimam dicit4 ,fol4 #b;a3 ,greek3 ,,aisopou ,,bios ,,tou ,,mythopoiou ,,maximo ,,to ,,planoude ,,syngrapheis4 ,fol4 #cc;a3 ,greek3 ,,aisopou ,,mythoi4 ,fol4 #gj;a3 ,greek3 ,telos ton tou ,aisopou ,mython4 ,part ,,ii4 ,fol4 #a;a3 ,vita ,aesopi fabulatoris clarissimi e graeco latina per ,rynucium facta ad ,reuerendissimum ,patrem ,dominum ,antonium tituli ,sancti ,chrysogoni ,presbyterum ,cardinalem et primo prohoemium4 ,fol4 #cb;b3 ,,finis4 ,fol4 #cc;a3 ,argumentum fabularum ,aesopi e graeco in latinum4 ,fol4 #ei;b3 ,finis4 ,vita ,aesopi per ,rynucium thettalum traducta4 ,verum quoniam ab eo non nulla fuerunt praetetermissa 7sic73 fortassis quia graecus eius codex esset minus emendatus3 ,ego ,bonus accursius ,pisanus3 eadem in ea omnia correxi2 et emendaui4 ,fol4 #fj1 blank4 ,part ,,iii4 ,fol4 #a;a1 blank4 ,fol4 #a;b3 ,bonus ,accursius ,pisanus doctissimo ac sapientissimo ducali ,quaestori ,iohanni francisco ,turriano salutem plurimam dicit4 ,fol4 #b;a1 col4 #a3 ,greek3 ,,mythoi ,,aisopou1 col4 #b3 ,fabulae ,aesopi4 ,fol4 #ch;a1 col4 #a3 ,greek3 ,,telos ,,ton ,,tou ,,aisopou ,,mython4 ,col4 #b3 ,,finis ,,aesopi ,,fabvlarvm4 ,bonus ,accursius pisanus impressit3 qui non doctorum hominum sed rudium ac puerorum gratia hunc laborem suscepit4 ,quarto4 ,pt4 ,i1 sign4 ,a-,h#h1 ,i#f not printed1 but stamped irregularly on the extreme lower margin and partially cut away in the binding1 #gj leaves4 ,pt4 ,,ii1 sign1 a-g#h1 and four unsigned leaves at the end1 #fj leaves4 ,pt4 ,,iii1 sign4 a-b#h1 ,c-,d#h1 ,e#f1 #ch leaves1 the ,greek text and the word-for-word ,latin translation in two parallel columns4 ,both the ,greek and the ,latin have #be lines to the page or column4 ,two- to five-line spaces for capitals1 with guide-letters1 in both texts1 but no rubrication4 ,two pinholes4 ,hain 99#bfebgb4 ,pellechet #aheaib4 ,proctor1 ,printing of ,greek in the #aeth cent41 p4 #fj4 ,this is the first printed edition of any of the ,greek classics1 and the third book printed entirely in ,greek1 or in ,greek with a ,latin translation2 the first being the ,grammar of ,lascaris1 ,milan1 #adgf1 and the second the ,lexicon of ,crastonus not later than #adgh4 ,all three were printed with the same font of ,greek type made by1 or under the supervision of1 ,demetrius ,damilas1 the son of ,milanese parents settled in ,crete4 ,bonus ,accursius was rather the publisher than the actual printer1 who in the case of the ,lascaris was ,dionysius ,paravisinus1 and in the case of the ,crastonus and the ,aesop1 probably the brothers de ,honate1 who at that date were the possessors of the peculiar roman type used in the ,latin translations4 ,after the ,aesop this particular font of ,greek type next appeared in the first edition of ,homer1 printed at ,florence in #adhh by ,bartolommeo di ,libri1 and in three of his subsequent books1 once at ,rome early in the #afth century1 after which it disappears altogether4 ,in the present edition the ,fabulae graece number #adg1 the ,fabulae latine #ajj1 the ,fabulae selectae #fb4 ,the translator1 ,rinuccio d',arezzo1 who dedicates his work to ,cardinal ,antonio ,cerdano1 tells him in closing that he sends all that have come into his hands1 though probably not all that ,aesop wrote1 since while they stand in alphabetical order1 some letters are wanting and others have not their full quota4 ,not all copies have all the three parts1 nor are they always bound in the same order4 ,the present copy1 though in all respects complete1 is bound irregularly1 as follows3 #a4 ,fabulae selectae4 #b4 ,fabulae graece4 #c4 ,vita ,aesopi graece4 #d4 ,vita et fabulae latine4 ,on the verso of the last blank leaf is written in an early hand olim fuit ,reverendissimi magistri georgii de casali4 ,mr4 ,wodhull paid ,edwards for this copy1 in #agii1 ,l#ad4ads4 ,bound by ,mrs4 ,weir in green morocco extra1 gilt edges4 ,leaf #i x #f in4 #ah4 ,,ovidius ,,naso1 ,,publius4 ,metamorphoses4 ,parma1 ,andreas ,portilia1 #ae ,may1 #adhj4 ,fol4 #a1 blank1 #b;a3 ,,tabvlae ,fupturned ,a,,bvlarvm 7sic7 ,,ovidii ,,metamorphoseos4 ,fol4 #f;a3 ,domitius ,calderinus ,veronensis4 ,d,e ,ouidii uita nihil a nobis in hoc loco scribendum est4 ,fol4 #g;a3 ,p4 ,,ovidii ,,nasonis ,,svlmonensis ,,metamorphoseos ,,liber ,,primvs4 ,fol4 #ahg;b1 ,,colophon3 ,,finis ,impressum ,parmae ,opera ,et ,impensis ,andreae ,portiliae 4,m4,,cccc4,,lxxx4 ,idibus ,maiis ,ioanne ,galeazio ,maria ,mediolani ,illustrissimo ,duce ,regnante ,foeliciter4 ,fol4 #ahh1 blank4 ,folio4 ,sign4 a#f1 b-q#h1 r#aj1 s-y#h1 z#f1 #f4 #ahh unnumbered leaves1 the first and last blank1 #dj lines to the page1 roman letter4 ,three- to eight-line spaces1 with guide-letters1 left for the initials of the fifteen books4 ,hain 99#abafj4 ,first initial of each book supplied in red2 heading of each book and each fable underlined in red2 initial-strokes in every verse and paragraph-marks in red4 ,without the last blank leaf4 ,andreas ,portilia was the first printer at ,parma1 where his press was established in #adgb and continued1 with two brief transfers to ,bologna and ,reggio1 till #adhf4 ,mr4 ,wodhull's copy1 for which he paid1 at the sale of ,dr4 ,chauncy's library in #agij1 ,l#b4 ,bound in red morocco1 with rich gold tooling on back and sides1 and book-plate of ,charles ,chauncy1 ,m4,d4 7#agjf-aggg74 ,leaf #ab x #h in4 #ai4 ,,pius ,,ii4 7,,aeneas ,,silvius ,,piccolomini74 ,de duobus amantibus4 ,paris1 ,michael ,friburger1 ,ulric ,gering and ,martin ,crantz1 #adgb4 ,fol4 #a3 ,aeneae siluii poaetae laureati1 in hystoriam de duobus amantibus praefatio prima ad perquam generosum militem ,casparem ,slik foeliciter incipit4 ,fol4 #b;b3 ,aeneae siluii in hystoriam de duobus amantibus praefatio secunda ad ,martinum ,sozinum1 ,senensem1 iuris utriusque perspicacissimum interpretem iocunde incipit4 ,fol4 #d;a3 ,aeneae siluii de duobus amantibus hystoria perquam iocunde incipit6 ,fol4 #dd;b3 ,vale4 ex ,vienna quinto nonas ,iulii4 anno ,millesimo quadringentesimo quadragesimo quarto2 ,,colophon3 ,aeneae ,siluii poaete laureati de duobus amantibus eurialo et lucresia1 finit foeliciter4 ,fol4 #de1 #df1 blank4 ,quarto4 ,quires #a-daj1 #ef1 #df leaves1 the last two blank1 #bc lines to the page1 roman letter1 without signatures1 catchwords1 pagination1 place1 printer's name or date4 ,two- to six-line spaces left for capitals4 ,claudin ,,xix4 ,pellechet #adg4 ,hain #baf4 ,large initial on first page supplied in blue and gold1 with pen ornamentation in red and blue4 ,other capitals and the paragraph-marks in alternate red and blue4 ,last blank leaf wanting4 ,this and the two next works of the present list bound with it were printed at the first ,paris press1 a private press set up in the ,sorbonne in #adgj by ,johann ,heynlin1 ,prior1 and ,guillaume ,fichet1 ,librarian1 of the ,university1 and maintained by them until ,april1 #adgc4 ,during these three years twenty-two books were printed1 all in the same roman type1 copied from the ,caesar of ,sweynheym and ,pannartz1 ,rome1 #adfi4 ,in only two of them are the actual printers1 ,friburger and his associates1 named4 ,to the twenty-eight #aeth-century editions--not to speak of the translations--of this novel described by ,hain1 ,copinger's ,supplement adds half as many more4 ,the present edition is perhaps the third4 ,claudin1 who makes it the nineteenth in the list of the ,sorbonne books1 could trace but four copies4 ,this makes a fifth4 ,the three books from the ,sorbonne press are bound in one volume1 red morocco1 gilt edges1 with book-plate of ,sir ,william ,burrell4 ,it passed from his possession some years before his death and was bought by ,michael ,wodhull at ,payne's sale ,april #g1 #aghi1 for ,l#d4ds4 ,the binder1 possibly mistaking the date of the author's subscription 7,vienna1 #addd7 for that of the printing1 has placed it on the back of the volume4 ,leaf #g-c_/d x #e-a_/d in4 #bj4 ,,pius ,,ii4 7,,aeneas ,,silvius ,,piccolomini74 ,de curialium miseria4 ,paris1 ,michael ,friburger1 ,ulric ,gering and ,martin ,crantz1 #adgb4 ,fol4 #a;a3 ,aeneae ,siluii poaetae laureati 7cui et pro pontificali dignitate ,pio nomen est7 in disputationem de curialium miseria ad perspicacissimum iurisconsultum ,iohannem ,ech1 serenissimi diuique principis1 ,alberti1 caesaris inuictissimi6 ,alberti quoque austriae ducies inclyti consiliarium atque oratorem praefacio foeliciter incipit2 ,fol4 #cd;a3 ,vale uir 7nisi ex curialibus unus esses7 meo iudicio prudens2 ,,colophon3 ,aeneae ,siluii de curialium miseria disputatio finem habet foelicem2 ,fol4 #ce1 #cf1 blank4 ,quarto4 ,quires #a-caj1 #df1 #cf leaves1 the last two blank1 #bc lines to the page1 roman letter1 without signatures1 catchwords1 pagination1 place1 printer's name or date4 ,two- and six-line spaces left for capitals4 ,claudin ,,xx4 ,pellechet #acb4 ,hain #aih4 ,first initial rubricated in the same style and by the same hand as in the ,de duobus amantibus4 ,other capitals and paragraph-marks in red and blue alternately4 ,initial-strokes in yellow4 ,at the bottom of fol4 #bi;a a line accidentally dropped by the compositor is supplied in manuscript by a contemporary hand1 viz41 non te uolunt4 ,quidam uero potentes sunt6 ac ex4 ,both the recto and the verso of the leaf have the full complement of #bc lines but there is a hiatus in the text4 ,the copies in the ,bibliotheque ,nationale1 and the ,bibliotheque ,mazarine1 ,paris1 have the line supplied in manuscript in like manner1 but instead of uero read non1 which does not suit the context4 ,according to ,claudin this is the twentieth book printed at the ,sorbonne press4 ,to the five copies known to him this adds a sixth4 ,bound with ,no4 #ai4 ,de duobus amantibus4 #ba4 ,,plato4 ,epistolae4 ,paris1 ,michael ,friburger1 ,ulric ,gering and ,martin ,crantz1 #adgb4 ,fol4 #a;a3 ,ad prudentem et magnificum uirum ,cosmam de medicis florentinum1 ,leonardi ,aretini clarissimi oratoris1 in epistolas platonis quas ex graecis latinas fecit6 praefatio2 ,fol4 #eb;a1 ,,colophon3 ,,finis4 ,discite rectores diuinitus1 ore platonis6 ,quid uos1 quid ciues reddat in urbe bonos2 ,quarto4 ,quires #a-daj1 #eh1 #fb1 #gb1 #eb leaves1 #bc lines to the page1 roman letter1 without signatures1 catchwords1 pagination1 place1 printer's name or date4 ,three- to five-line spaces left for capitals4 ,the first initial supplied in blue and red1 other capitals in blue and red alternately4 ,initial strokes in yellow4 ,claudia ,,xiv4 ,philippe ,,vii4 ,crevenna #aebc4 ,hain #acjff4 ,leonardo ,bruni1 often called ,leonardo ,aretini from his birthplace ,arezzo1 translated five of the dialogues of ,plato in addition to the letters4 ,the first notice of this edition is found in the ,catalogue ,bolongaro-,crevenna 7,amst41 #aghi71 where it is described as containing #eb printed leaves4 ,it appears from the price-list printed after the sale in #agij that it had not been sold1 but was retenu1 faute de commissions ou de concurrence1 and was still obtainable at the price of #ae florins4 ,no trace of it has since been found and ,panzer and ,hain were able only to copy the catalogue description4 ,philippe 7#ahhe7 described ,heynlin's copy1 which is preserved in the library of the ,university of ,basel1 as consisting of one first blank leaf1 forty-nine printed leaves and two blank leaves at the end4 ,claudin 7#ahih71 with a second copy discovered meantime in the ,bibliotheque d',angers at his command1 finds one first blank and forty-nine printed leaves1 and remarks that the two blank leaves placed by ,philippe at the beginning should be end are only independent fly-leaves4 ,our copy has fifty-two printed leaves and no blanks and no occasion for them1 since the printed leaves1 of themselves1 form complete quires4 ,claudin's collation1 which gives both the quires and a register of the first words of each quire1 shows that both his copies lack the sixth quire of our copy1 composed like the seventh of only two leaves and beginning sibus interdixistis4 ,there is moreover still unexplained and not easily explainable in the descriptions of both the ,basel and ,angers copies the presence of a troublesome first blank leaf and the absence of another leaf of text1 in addition to the lacking sixth quire4 ,it follows that1 at least until the ,crevenna copy1 which appears to have been in agreement with ours1 comes to light again1 this must remain the only complete copy known4 ,bound with ,nos4 #ai and #bj1 from the same press4 #bb4 ,,magni1 ,,jacobus ,jacques ,le ,grand4 ,sophologium4 ,paris1 ,martin ,crantz1 ,ulric ,gering and ,michael ,friburger1 #a ,june1 #adgg4 ,fol4 #a1 blank4 ,fol4 #b;a3 ,sequitur tabula capitulorum ,sophologij4 ,fol4 #e;a3 ,doctissimi atque excellentissimi patris3 sacrarum litterarum doctoris deuotissimi3 fratris ,iacobi magni3 religionis fratrum heremitarum3 sancti ,augustini sophologium incipit4 ,cuius principalis intentio est inducere legentis animum ad sapientie amorem4 ,fol4 #bah;a3 ,jacobi ,magni sophologium finit feliciter4 ,fol4 #bah;b3 ,epigramma ad huius operis conspectorem five distichs4 ,,colophon3 ,anno domini millesimo 4cccc4lxxvij4 die 4i4 mensis ,iunij4 ,impressum fuit istud sophologium parisius per ,martinum crantz4 ,vdalricum gering1 et ,michaelem friburger4 ,quarto4 ,sign4 a-x#aj1 y#h1 #bah leaves1 the first blank1 #cb lines to the page1 gothic lower-case type1 roman capitals4 ,two- to six-line spaces with guide-letters left for initials4 ,hain #ajdgh4 ,border ornamentation in color on fol4 #e;a4 ,initials at the head of the first four of the ten books in dull gold and color2 those of the remaining books in color only4 ,chapter initials and paragraph-marks in alternate red and blue4 ,blank first leaf wanting4 ,the bottom line of fol4 #aaf;b which had been accidentally moved across to the foot of fol4 #aae;a 7the companion page on the imposing stone7 is supplied in manuscript where it was lacking and the misplaced line of print is canceled4 ,on the discontinuance of the ,sorbonne press in #adgc1 the printers1 ,crantz1 ,gering1 and ,friburger1 moved into the neighboring ,rue ,saint-,jacques and set up a press1 with new type1 on their own account4 ,an edition of the ,sophologium had been one of the last books printed at the old press4 ,a second edition was issued from the new press in #adge1 of which the present edition is1 in type1 number of pages and lines1 an exact reprint1 but has printed signatures and is a quarto while that was a folio4 ,caxton's ,book of ,good ,manners1 printed in #adhg1 was a translation of ,le livre des bonnes meurs1 another work by the same author4 ,the present copy1 bound in green morocco with gold borders and gilt edges1 is from the ,syston ,park library1 sold in ,december1 #ahhd4 ,leaf #aj-c_/d x #g-a_/d in4 #bc4 ,,hieronymus4 ,vaderboeck4 ,zwolle1 ,peter van ,os1 #a ,april1 #adij4 ,fol4 #a;a1 ,,title3 ,d,it boeck is ghenomet4 dat vader boeck4 dat in den latijne is ghehieten ,vitas patrum4 inhoudende dye historien ende legenden der heyligher vaderen die hare leuen in strengher penitencie ouerghebracht hebben ,ouergheset in goeder verstandelre duytscer sprake4 ,rest of page occupied by two woodcuts4 ,fol4 #a;b3 ,h,ier beghint die tafele van desen boecke dat ghehieten is dat va 7sic7 vader boeck4 ,fol4 #d;b3 ,hier eyndet die tafef 7sic7 van den boecke44444 ,fol4 #e;a3 ,woodcut of the ,annunciation1 which is repeated on the verso of the leaf4 ,fol4 #f;a3 ,hier beghinnet dat eerste deel van desen boecke dat ghenoemet is ,vitaspatrum in latijne4 ,fol4 #afe;b1 ,,colophon3 ,hier eyndet dat derde deel van desen boecke van den wonderlijke wercken ende goede exempelen ende goede leringhen der heigher 7sic7 vaderen so als die heylige leraer ,jeronimus vut den griecken in den latine ghetogen heeft ,ouergheset in goeder verstandelre duytscer spraken om salicheit alre goeder kersten menscen4 ,ghedruct bi mi ,peter van ,os ,in den iare ons heren ,mcccc ende xc4 den eersten dach van den ,april4 ,,printer',s ,,device1 7shields of ,zwolle and of the printer combined74 ,fol4 #aff1 blank4 ,folio4 ,sign4 ,a#d1 a#h1 b-z#f1 ,a#d1 ,b-,d#f1 #aff leaves1 the last blank1 #f-afe numbered i-clx4 #b columns1 #cf lines to the column1 gothic letter4 ,two- to six-line spaces left for capitals4 ,the first initial of the title is a ten-line ornamental woodcut ,d4 ,the two woodcuts on the title-page are printed from sections cut from the blocks of the ,latin ,biblia ,pauperum1 that on the left 7,descent of the ,holy ,spirit on the day of ,pentecost7 from the central panel of sign4 p41 that on the right 7,jacob's dream71 from the right-hand panel of the sign4 t4 ,other sections of these blocks were used in like manner in other books of van ,os4 ,in place of blank fol4 #e cut away1 is inserted a full page woodcut of the ,annunciation1 printed on both sides of the leaf1 on paper unlike any other used in the book4 ,campbell #ich4 ,proctor #iace4 ,prologue initial on fol4 #f;a supplied in blue with pen ornamentation in red4 ,chapter initials and paragraph-marks in alternate red and blue4 ,initial-strokes in red4 ,blank last leaf wanting4 ,bound by ,alfred ,matthews in three-quarter levant morocco with blind tooling1 gilt edges4 ,leaf #aj-a_/b x #h in4 ,peter van ,os1 of ,breda1 was actively engaged in printing at ,zwolle from #adgi till the end of the century1 except for the three years #adha-adhd4 ,the ,english translation of the ,vitas ,patrum1 which was the closing labor of ,caxton's life1 was printed in #adie by ,wynken de ,worde with this colophon3 ,thus endyth the moost vertuouse hystorye of the deuoute and right renowned lyues of holy faders lyuynge in deserte1 worthy of remembraunce to all wel dysposed persons which hath ben translated oute of ,frenche into ,englisshe by ,william ,caxton of ,westmynstre late deed and fynysshed at the laste daye of hys lyff4 #bd4 ,,higden1 ,,ranulph4 ,polychronicon1 translated into ,english by ,trevisa and continued by ,caxton4 ,westminster4 ,william ,caxton1 #adhb4 ,fol4 #a1 blank4 ,fol4 #b;a3 ,prohemye4 ,g,rete thankynges lawde honoure we merytoryously ben bounde to yelde and offre vnto wryters of hystoryes1 whiche gretely haue prouffyted oure mortal lyf1 that shewe vnto the reders and herers by the ensamples of thynges passyd1 what thynge is to be desyred4 ,fol4 #d-bj1 alphabetical table2 #ba1 blank2 #bb-bd1 dialogue between the ,clerke and the ,lorde on translation1 ,trevisa's epistle to ,lord ,berkeley2 #be1 blank4 ,fol4 #bf;a3 ,prolicionycion4 ,prefacio prima ad historiam4 ,a,fter solempne and wyse wryters of ,arte and of scyence4444 ,fol4 #chi;b3 ,god be thanked of al his dedes4 ,this translacion is ended on a thursdaye the eyghtenth daye of ,apryll the yere of our lord a thousand thre hondred and 4lvij4 ,the xxxj yere of ,kyng ,edward the thyrd after the ,conquest of ,englond1 the yere of my lordes age ,syr thomas lord of berkley that made me make this translacion fyue and thyrtty4 #cij;a1 ,caxton's epilogue to ,trevisa2 #cij;b1 blank4 ,fol4 #cia;a3 ,jncipit ,liber vltimus4 ,fol4 #ddi;a3 ,ended the second day of ,juyll the xxij yere of the regne of kynge ,edward the fourth of the ,incarnacion of oure lord a thousand foure score and tweyne4 ,fynysshed per ,caxton4 ,fol4 #ddi;b1 #dej1 blank4 ,folio4 ,sign4 a-b#h1 ,c#d1 #a-bhh1 #bh99b1 #bi-dhh1 #did1 #ejh1 #eb-eeh1 #dej leaves1 of which five 7a1 #a2 #a1 #a2 #a1 #e2 #bh991b2 #ee1 #h7 are blank4 ,the folios of sign4 #a1b-ee1g are numbered #a-;ccccxxviii 7blanks #a1 #e and #bh991b counted as iv and ccxxvi71 with many errors which are mostly corrected on the following leaves1 but in the case of fol4 ccxli on the verso of the same leaf4 ,there is1 however1 no clx1 and ccccxiii is duplicated1 errors which balance each other and do not disturb the final numeration4 ,the omission of a signature #ea is accidental1 the text continuing without a break4 ,the purpose of the unsigned single sheet following sign4 #bh1 consisting of one printed and one blank leaf1 was evidently to carry the last remaining leaf of the fourth book and thereby make possible a division of the volume at this point into two nearly equal parts4 ,advantage has apparently been taken of this division to bind the ,grenville copy 7,brit4 ,mus4 ,,ib4 #eejfj7 in two volumes4 ,wynkyn de ,worde1 who reprinted the ,polychronicon in #adie1 followed in this particular ,caxton's example and in order to begin the fifth book with a new signature left at the end of the fourth book nearly a whole leaf blank1 though he separated the other books by a blank space of no more than three or four lines4 ,caxton's use of arabic figures for signatures was confined to the years #adha-adhc2 after that date he used letters only4 ,the first few chapter-headings of each book have ,latin ordinals 7,capitulum primum1 secundum1 etc47 which are soon dropped for arabic figures4 ,gothic letter1 ,caxton's fourth font1 forty lines to the page1 with headline4 ,two- to seven-line spaces left for chapter and book initials1 which are supplied in red4 ,chapter-headings underlined in red4 ,blades ii1 #agb4 ,ames-,dibdin i1 #ach4 ,seymour de ,ricci p4 #fj4 ,seventy-two leaves1 including the five blanks1 are wanting in this copy1 viz43 sign4 a-,c2 #a1 #a1 #d1 #e1 #h2 #b1 #a1 #d1 #e2 #c1 #b2 #d1 #a2 #bg1 #c2 #bh991b2 #dd1 #g2 #ej-ee4 ,the lacking parts comprise the first twenty leaves 7,prohemye and alphabetical index71 the last forty leaves 7,caxton's eighth book71 and twelve intermediate leaves4 ,of these the ,proheyme is supplied in facsimile and sign4 #d1 #a in manuscript4 ,what is possibly an original impression of ,caxton's large device is placed at the end of the volume4 ,this was used by ,caxton only during his last years1 #adhg-ia1 and by ,wynkyn de ,worde1 into whose hands the original block passed1 in his folios for thirty years longer4 ,from one of the latter this may have been taken1 possibly from the ,polychronicon of #adie1 where the other side of the leaf it occupied was blank1 as is the case here also4 ,trevisa's translation of ,higden was completed1 according to the best ,,mss41 in #achg1 not in #aceg as stated on fol4 #chi;b4 7,in #aceg the #ahth of ,april fell on ,tuesday1 not ,thursday1 and ,thomas ,lord ,berkeley was then in the fifth1 not the thirty-fifth year of his age47 ,caxton was himself the translator of twenty-two of the one hundred books which he printed and it was therefore not strange that ,trevisa's ,english should have been in his hands1 as the proem states1 a lytel embelysshed fro tholde makyng4 ,in what these embellishments consisted is partially explained in the epilogue3 ,therfore ,i ,william ,caxton a symple persone haue endeuoyred me to wryte fyrst ouer all the sayd book of proloconycon1 and somewhat haue chaunged the rude and old ,englyssh1 that is to wete certayn wordes1 which in these dayes #adhb be neyther usyd ne understanden4 ,he went however further than this and so changed the inflections and orthography that the language is no longer of the fourteenth but rather of the fifteenth century4 ,but in no other way could it have been made to harmonize with his proposed continuation1 concerning which he proceeds to say3 and also am auysed to make another booke after this sayd werke whiche shal be sett here after the same1 ,and shal haue his chapytres and his table a parte4 ,for ,i dar not presume to sette my book ne ioyne hit to his1 for dyuerse causes4 ,accordingly he begins his ,liber ultimus with a new signature1 preceded by a blank page4 ,his table nevertheless is combined with that of the preceding seven books in one alphabet4 ,wynkyn de ,worde's edition has a more elaborate index of ninety pages in which each of the eight books is indexed in a separate alphabet4 ,apart from the interest attaching to this ,liber ultimus as the only original work of any length from ,caxton's pen1 the ,polychronicon is next to the ,golden ,legend his largest book1 and in the ,prohemye they are grouped together as the twoo bookes notable which treat of history4 ,it happens also1 probably because of larger editions printed1 that of these two books many more copies have survived than of any of his other books1 about one-fourth of which are now represented only by single copies4 ,of the ,polychronicon1 ,seymour de ,ricci's ,census of ,caxtons 7#aiji7 enumerates forty known copies 7very few of them entirely complete71 evenly divided between public and private libraries4 ,to this list he adds1 under the heading ,present owners untraced1 forty-eight copies 7nos4 #da-hh7 which appeared at sales between #afih and #aija1 some of them possibly identical with copies already described as known4 ,in this second division is found the present copy 7no4 #gi71 purchased by the donor of this collection at the ,smets sale1 ,new ,york1 ,may1 #ahfh1 in calf binding1 with the name of the owner ,a4,a4 ,smets1 ,savannah1 ,may #bh1 #ahcf on the fly-leaf4 ,it was at once sent to ,francis ,bedford for binding1 with instructions to have the inlaying1 repairing etc4 done over in the very best manner1 by the best restorer in ,france or ,england4 ,bound in brown morocco1 richly blind-tooled1 with ,tudor rose1 fleur-de-lis and acorn emblems4 ,leaf #aj-a_/d x #g-a_/b in4 ,the ,smets fly-leaf and the original instructions sent to ,mr4 ,bedford with the volume and returned by him with an added note over his own signature1 laid in4 ,other copies of the ,polychronicon which have passed through ,mr4 ,bedford's hands have been bound in the same style1 among them the ,menzies copy1 sold ,new ,york1 ,november1 #ahgf1 which de ,ricci wrongly conjectured might be identical with the ,smets4 #be4 ,,ordinary ,,of ,,christian ,,men4 ,london1 ,wynkyn de ,worde1 #aejf4 ,fol4 #a;a4 ,,title3 ,thordinary of ,crysten men woodcut below4 ,fol4 #a;b-#d;b1 table of contents4 ,fol4 #e;a woodcut above3 ,here begynneth a notable treatyse and ful necessarye to all crysten men for to knowe it is named the ,ordynary of ,crystyens or of crysten men4 ,fol4 #bag;b3 ,here endeth the book named the ordynarye of crysten men newely hystoryed and translated out of ,frensshe in to ,englysshe4 ,enprynted in the cyte of ,london in the ,fletestrete in the sygne of ye sonne by ,wnykyn de worde4 ye yere of our lorde 4,m4,,ccccc4vi4 ,fol4 #bah;a1 title repeated over woodcut4 ,fol4 #bah;b1 ,,printer',s ,,device ,quarto4 ,sign4 ,aa#d1 ,a#f1 ,b#d1 ,c-,x1 ,,aa-,,nn#h1 #d 7altern471 ,,oo#f1 ,,pp#ea4 #bah leaves1 gothic letter1 #cd lines 7marginal citations #fj lines7 to the page1 without foliation4 ,title cut in large lower-case letters on block #b x #d in4 ,five- and six-line initials at the head of the larger divisions of the text4 ,ten woodcuts1 one repeated4 ,the final blank ,,pp4 #f has been replaced by an independent leaf having on the one side the title repeated with woodcut1 and on the other the printer's device1 either of which may in the binding be made the recto4 ,the device is the first of his so-called ,sagittarius forms1 and the one most commonly used from #aejf to #aeah4 ,ames-,dibdin1 ii1 p4 #ajc4 ,morgan ,cat4 iii1 p4 #bad1 n4 #gdc4 ,the present copy lacks the first four leaves1 containing the title and the table of contents2 but both the title and the woodcut accompanying it are repeated elsewhere in the volume1 the title on fol4 #bah;a1 the woodcut on fol4 #hg;a4 ,of the ,french original1 ,l'ordinaire des chrestiens1 at least six editions were printed before #aejj1 the earliest apparently at ,rouen1 c4 #adhg4 ,in them it is stated that the writing was commenced #bb ,may1 #adfg and finished 7consomme7 #bb ,may1 #adfi4 ,the corresponding dates in the prologue and epilogue of the translation are fyrst begonne to be wryten #ad ,jan41 #adfg1 fyrst consumed #ad ,jan41 #aejj4 ,the confusion1 common to both the ,french and the ,english of the #aeth century1 in the derivatives of consummare and consumere relieves the translator1 ,andrew ,chertsey1 from the appearance of an over-literal translation1 but the change in the date of the completed work can hardly be in the direction of accuracy4 ,the woodcuts which appeared in the first edition of the ,ordinary printed in #aejb are in this second edition replaced by others of different design and better execution1 borrowed mainly from ,the crafte to lyve well and to dye well1 printed by de ,worde in #aeje and like the present work translated by ,chertsey from a ,french original1 ,l'art de bien vivre et de bien mourir4 ,two of these illustrations1 ,temptation to ,impatience 7fol4 #gc;b7 and ,soul leaving the ,body 7fol4 #bah;a71 are copied from the early block-book ,ars moriendi4 ,bound by ,alfred ,matthews in blind-tooled crimson morocco1 with inside gold borders and gilt edges4 ,leaf #h-a_/d x #e-c_/d in4 ,wynkyn de ,worde1 ,caxton's assistant1 was a native of ,woerth1 ,alsace4 ,he came into possession of his master's printing materials on his death in #adia and continued to occupy his house in ,westminster until #aejj when he moved to ,fleet ,street within the city4 ,in the number of his books1 almost eight hundred1 he surpassed all the early printers1 but many of them were works of small size and consequence4 ,some of his largest and finest books were reprints of ,caxton's folios4 ,mention has been made of his use of ,caxton's original device without addition4 ,in all of his own various devices also1 the place of honor in the center is given to ,caxton's initials and cipher1 plainly as a mark of loyalty to the master1 not an advertisement of himself as the successor4 #bf4 ,,intrationes4 ,london1 ,richard ,pynson1 #bh ,feb4 #aeaj4 ,fol4 #a;a1 ,,title3 ,i,ntrationum excellentissimus liber perquam necessarius omnibus legis hominibus3 fere in se continens omnem medullam diversarum materiarum ac placitorum tam realium1 personalium1 quam mixtorum4 ,necnon multorum breuium tam executionum quam aliorum valde vtilium illis hunc librum inspecturis aut inscrutandis4 ,que quidem supradicta faciliter possunt inveniri per indicem alphabeticum peruigilanti studio confectum per ordinem litterarum redactum444 ,fol4 #a;b1 ,full page woodcut of the king's arms crowned1 supported by a dragon and a greyhound1 with a portcullis on either side and a rose and two angels above4 ,fol4 #b;a3 ,intrationum libri ,index ,alphabeticus4 ,fol4 #aj;b3 ,finis tabule ,intrationum4 ,fol4 #aic;a1 ,,colophon3 ,explicit opus excellentissimum perutile in se continens multas materias omnibus legis hominibus perquam necessarias nouiter ,impressum1 correctum1 emendatum1 non minimo labore reuisum ,londoni in vico vulgariter nuncupato ,fletstrete in officina ere ac impensis honesti viri ,ricardi ,pynson ,regis ,impressoris moram suam trahentis sub signo diui ,georgii ,anno nostre redemptionis 4,m4,,ccccc4x4 ,die vero vltima ,mensis ,februarii4 ,fol4 #aic;b1 ,,printer',s ,,device4 ,fol4 #aid1 blank4 ,folio4 ,sign4 ,aa#f1 ,bb#d1 a-z1 1 #i1 ,a-,e#f1 ,f#d4 #aid leaves1 the last blank1 #aa-aic numbered i-clxxxv1 but with the omission of li and liv and other irregularities4 ,gothic letter1 #ed lines to the page1 with marginal side-headings4 ,the title1 occupying seventeen lines of bold heavy-faced type1 is printed in red and black and in the form of an inverted triangle4 ,the ,index ,alphabeticus is introduced by a ten-line initial ,a with a rose above and a portcullis below the middle bar1 found also in the same printer's ,sarum missal of #aebj4 ,the other divisions of the index have mostly four-line woodcut initials1 some of grotesque pattern4 ,five-line space with guide-letter for the first initial of the text4 ,ornaments of four patterns1 repeated singly or in combination1 are used to lengthen out the frequent short end lines of paragraphs in order to give more solidity to the appearance of the page4 ,three of the same ornaments are found also on the title-page of ,whitinton's ,vulgaria1 printed by ,w4 de ,worde in #aeba4 ,ames-,dibdin ii1 #dda4 ,in the present copy the index 7sign4 ,aa4 #b-f1 ,bb4 #a-d7 is separated from the title 7,aa4 #a7 and placed at the end of the volume4 ,name of ,johes ,coningesby written in a sixteenth century hand on the first page of both text and index4 ,the device is the fourth of ,pynson's seven devices and was in use #adif-aeac4 ,allusion is made in the colophon to an earlier edition1 no copy of which appears to be known4 ,the work was reprinted by ,henry ,smythe1 ,london1 #aedf4 ,richard ,pynson1 a ,norman by birth1 established himself in ,london about #adij1 taking over1 as there is good reason to believe1 the business of ,machlinia1 a printer of law books1 for which his knowledge of ,norman-,french especially fitted him4 ,in #aejh he was made ,printer to the ,king and in that year also he printed two books in roman type1 the first use of that character in ,england4 ,he is known to have printed at least #cga books1 a much smaller number than de ,worde1 but as a rule larger and more important books4 ,he is regarded as the best ,english printer of his time and the ,liber ,intrationum is one of his finest books4 ,bound in red velvet1 with silk linings and gilt edges4 ,leaf #ab-c_/d x #i-a_/d in4 ,from the ,syston ,park library1 with the book-plate and monogram of ,sir ,john ,henry ,thorold4 #bg4 ,,plutarchus4 ,moralia ,graece4 ,venetiis1 in aedibus ,aldi et ,andreae soceri1 #aeji4 ,,title3 ,,plvtarchi ,,opvscvla4 ,,lxxxxii4 ,index ,moralium omnium1 eorum quae in ipsis tractantur1 habetur in hoc quaternione4 ,numerus autem ,arithmeticus remittit lectorem ad semipaginam1 ubi tractantur singula4 ,aldine anchor4 ,p4 #ajej1 ,,colophon3 ,venetiis1 in aedibus ,aldi ,andreae ,asulani ,soceri4 mense ,martio4 ,m4 ,d4 ,,ix4 ,blank leaf with anchor on verso4 ,quarto4 ,sign4 991 a-z1 1 aa-zz1 aaa-sss#h1 ttt#f4 #h unnumbered preliminary leaves 7sign 99 not included in register on p4 #ajej7 containing title1 dedicatory epistle of ,aldus to ,jacopo ,antiquario1 index1 four couplets of ,jerome ,aleander1 preface of the editor ,demetrius ,doukas 7all except title and dedication in ,greek72 #ajej numbered pages of ,greek text1 final blank leaf with anchor on verso4 ,the type is ,aldus's fourth ,greek font1 #df lines to the page1 five- to eight-line spaces left for initials4 ,the semipagina 7the equivalent of our page7 to which the index directs the reader1 shows that pagina still had its older meaning leaf1 and incidentally that the numbering of the page instead of the leaf was an innovation4 ,the anchor and dolphin device1 the symbol of the motto ,festina lente1 which first appeared in the ,dante of #aejb1 is here in its first form1 but of the larger size suitable for folios and enclosed in double lines1 on the title-page without name1 but on the last leaf with the addition ,,aldvs4,,ma4,,ro4 ,although on the evidence of the chain-lines and the water-mark technically a quarto1 the volume on account of its unusual size was doubtless printed like a folio on half sheets4 ,renouard1 p4 #ee4 ,firmin-,didot1 p4 #cag4 ,plutarch's ,moralia belongs to that imposing series of first editions of the ,greek classics which among all the services of ,aldus ,manutius to the revival of learning are perhaps his best title to enduring fame4 ,when he set up his press in #adie five in all1 and but one1 ,homer1 of the first rank1 had been printed4 ,when he died twenty years later his first editions outnumbered those of all his contemporaries put together1 and the rank was even more significant than the number1 for among them were included ,aristotle1 ,plato1 ,thucydides1 ,herodotus1 ,aristophanes1 ,sophocles1 ,euripides1 ,pindar and ,demosthenes4 ,the ,plutarch was printed from ,,mss4 still preserved in the library of ,st4 ,mark4 ,the ,greek type of ,aldus was a new departure1 based on the cursive or business handwriting of his day in distinction from the older book-hand which had served as the model for the first ,greek fonts4 ,it gained immediate popularity and for more than two hundred years1 either directly or through fonts based upon it1 dominated the ,greek printing of ,europe4 ,at length1 mainly because of the ligatures and contractions1 it was supplanted by type of more open and regular forms4 ,in #aejh ,aldus took as partner his father-in-law1 ,andrea ,torresano d',asola1 a ,venetian printer who in #adhj had taken over the business of ,nicolas ,jenson4 ,the imprint which had hitherto been apud ,aldum or in aedibus ,aldi now became in aedibus ,aldi et ,andreae soceri4 ,after the death of ,aldus in #aeae the press was conducted without change of name by the surviving partner until his own death in #aebi4 ,thick paper copy4 ,leaf #aj-c_/d x #g in4 ,on p4 #ajej is written ,collegii ,societatis ,jesu ,embricae #afje4 ,from the library of ,sir ,j4,h4 ,thorold of ,syston ,park1 with book-plate4 ,bound by ,r4 ,storr1 ,grantham1 in red morocco1 gilt edges1 with anchor on sides4 ,the ,dictionary of ,english ,book-collectors1 pt4 #b1 calls attention to the ,aldine anchor 7made more realistic by an end of rope cable twisted about it7 stamped by the ,grantham bookbinders ,messrs4 ,storr ,ridge upon many of the ,thorold books1 not only those bound by themselves1 but also those bound by far better men4 ,examples of both kinds are found in the present collection4 ,as an illustration of the first ,greek type of ,aldus there is joined to this collection a finely executed manuscript facsimile on vellum of his ,musaeus of #adie1 his second book 7preceded by the ,grammar of ,lascaris71 but the first in which the font appeared in its completed state4 ,from the ,syston ,park library4 ,bound by ,bozerian ,jeune1 in blue morocco extra4 #bh4 ,,scriptores ,,rei ,,rusticae4 ,venetiis1 in aedibus ,aldi et ,andreae soceri1 #aead4 ,,title3 ,,libri ,,de ,,re ,,rvstica4 ,m4 ,,catonis ,,lib4 ,i4 ,m4 ,,terentii ,,varronis ,,lib4 ,,iii4 ,l4 ,,ivnii ,,moderati ,,colvmellae ,,lib4 ,,xii4 ,eiusdem de arboribus liber separatus ab alijs1 quare autem id factum fuerit3 ostenditur in epistola ad lectorem4 ,,palladii ,,lib4 ,,xiiii4 ,de duobus dierum generibus3 simulque de umbris1 et horis1 quae apud ,palladium1 in alia epistola ad lectorem4 ,georgij ,alexandrini enarrationes priscarum dictionum1 quae in his libris ,catonis3 ,varronis3 ,columellae4 ,aldine anchor4 ,hos libros ,pontificis etiam ,leonis decreto1 nequis alius usquam locorum impune imprimat1 cautum est4 ,fol4 #cjh;a3 ,,colophon3 ,,venetiis ,,in ,,aedibvs ,,aldi ,,et ,,andreae ,,soceri ,,mense ,,maio ,m4,d4,,xiiii4 ,aldine anchor on verso4 ,quarto4 ,sign4 991 aa1 bb#h1 cc#aj1 a-h#h1 i#d1 k-z1 ,a-,q#h4 #h unnumbered preliminary leaves containing title1 privilege of ,leo ,x4 countersigned by ,p4 ,bembo1 papal secretary1 preface of the editor1 ,fra ,giocondo1 addressed to ,leo ,x41 ,aldus lectori 7two epistles1 the first relating to the position of the ,de arboribus of ,columella1 an independent treatise1 in previous editions inserted in his ,de re rustica as liber lii1 but here correctly placed after that work1 the second1 to the hours of ,palladius1 varying in length with the seasons1 and the use of the gnomon in determining them71 errata2 #bf unnumbered leaves 7preceded by a second title with anchor and mention of the privileges of ,alexander ,,vi41 ,julius ,,ii4 and ,leo4 ,x47 containing explanations of unfamiliar words and table of contents1 last leaf blank2 #cjh numbered leaves of text1 ,sign4 99 is not included in the register on fol4 #cjh;a and being followed by a second title-page its absence1 if accidentally omitted1 might pass unnoticed4 ,italic letter1 #ci lines to the page1 six- to seven-line spaces with guide-letters left for the initials of the thirty books1 which in the present copy are supplied in gold and colors4 ,numerous paragraph-marks in alternate red and blue4 ,ruled in red4 ,renouard1 p4 #ff4 ,firmin-,didot1 p4 #cgj4 ,the italic type of ,aldus1 a cursive or semi-cursive roman1 the counterpart of his cursive ,greek1 was modeled as he himself informs us on the handwriting of ,petrarch a lettra per lettra4 ,it first appeared in the ,vergil of #aeja1 the first of his octavo series of classics and only three months later1 as was but just1 in ,le cose volgari of ,petrarch4 ,it had at the outset1 corresponding to the ,greek ligatures1 many double letters and even groups of three cast on the same body1 which were for the most part eliminated later by ,paulus ,manutius4 ,originally it consisted only of lower-case letters and borrowed the capitals of the roman font1 using for economy of space small capitals which ,de,vinne points out as the useful invention of ,aldus4 ,aldus was sensible of the deficiency and the last clause of his will was a request to his partner1 ,andrea1 to have suitable capitals made by the celebrated engraver1 ,giulio ,campagnola4 ,it was1 however1 not until #aeeh that they were finally supplied by ,paulus1 in connection with a new italic font4 ,what has now ceased to be anything more than a useful auxiliary type was by ,aldus employed as a text type1 a chief recommendation being that it was more condensed than the roman and enabled him to greatly reduce the price of his books by making an octavo do the work of a quarto or folio4 ,in #aeja he printed six1 and in #aejb eleven octavos1 whereas all his earlier books1 with one unimportant exception1 had been of the larger forms4 ,in #adif the ,venetian ,senate granted to ,aldus protection for his ,greek type and the books printed with it for the period of twenty years1 and in #aejb a like privilege covering both his italic and ,greek type for ten years4 ,a similar grant made by ,alexander ,,vi4 in #aejb was renewed by ,julius ,,ii4 in ,january1 #aeac1 for fifteen years and confirmed by his successor1 ,leo ,x41 in ,december of the same year4 ,from the library of ,robert ,samuel ,turner1 sold in #ahhh4 ,bound in red morocco extra1 with gold tooling in the ,grolier style1 edges gilt over red4 ,leaf #h-a_/b x #e-a_/d in4 ,book-stamp on verso of last leaf3 ,ex libris ,j4,b4,p4,h4 ,caque1 ,d4,m4 ,rem4 #agge4 #bi4 ,,cicero1 ,,marcus ,,tullius4 ,rhetorica4 ,venetiis1 in aedibus ,aldi et ,andreae soceri1 #aeba4 ,,title3 ,,in ,,hoc ,,volvmine ,,haec ,,continentvr4 ,rhetoricorum ad ,c4 ,herennium lib4 ,,iiii4 ,m4,t4 ,ciceronis de inuentione lib4 ,,ii4 ,eiusdem de oratore ad ,quintum fratrem lib4 ,,iii4 ,eiusdem de claris oratoribus1 qui dicitur ,brutus lib4 ,i4 ,eiusdem ,orator ad ,brutum lib4 ,i4 ,eiusdem ,topica ad ,trebatium lib4 ,i4 ,eiusdem oratoriae partitiones lib4 ,i4 ,eiusdem de optimo genere oratorum praefatio quaedam4 ,index rerum notabilium1 quae toto opere continentur1 per ordinem alphabeti4 ,aldine anchor ,hos libros etiam ,pontificum ,alexandri1 ,iulij1 ac ,leonis demum decretis1 nequis alius usquam locorum impune imprimat1 cautum est4 ,fol4 #bde;a1 ,,colophon3 ,,venetiis ,,in ,,aedibvs ,,aldi1 ,,et ,,andreae ,,soceri ,,mense ,,octobri ,m4,d4,,xxi4 ,blank leaf with anchor on verso4 ,quarto4 ,sign4 991 99991 a-k#h1 l#d1 m-z1 ,a-,g#h1 ,h#aj4 #af unnumbered preliminary leaves1 containing preface by ,aldus addressed to ,andrea ,navagero and alphabetical index 7the blank last leaf wanting in this copy72 #bde numbered leaves of text and final blank leaf with anchor4 ,sign4 99 and 9999 have eight leaves each1 not ten as stated in the register on p4 #bde4 ,italic letter1 #ci lines to the page1 three- to seven-line spaces with guide-letters left for initials4 ,the anchor is of the second1 somewhat ungraceful1 pattern in use #aeai-aebd1 after which there was for some years a return to the first form4 ,renouard1 p4 #ic4 ,reprinted1 with only the addition of the index1 from the #aead edition of ,aldus4 ,in the preface is found the often quoted inscription placed over the door of ,aldus to discourage the idle visitor3 ,quisquis es3 rogat te ,aldus etiam3 atque etiam3 ut1 si quid est1 quod a se velis3 perpaucis agas1 etc4 ,the edition of #aecc1 with the imprint in aedibus haeredum ,aldi ,manutii ,romani ,andreae ,asulani ,soceri and a short preface by ,paulus ,manutius 7it was his first book as director of the press7 is also essentially unchanged1 but his edition of #aedf1 in octavo1 was thoroughly revised in text and accompanied by a folio volume of variorum commentaries4 ,bound by ,roger ,payne1 in blue morocco1 gilt edges1 with cipher of ,sir ,mark ,masterman ,sykes on back1 at whose sale in #ahbd it brought ,l#a4aas4#f;d4 ,the ,syston ,park copy with book-plate1 and monogram of ,sir ,john ,hayford ,thorold4 ,leaf #h-a_/b x #e-a_/d in4 #cj4 ,,celsus1 ,,aurelius ,,cornelius4 ,de medicina4 ,,serenus1 ,,quintus4 ,de medicina4 ,venetiis1 in aedibus ,aldi et ,andreae soceri1 #aebh4 ,,title3 ,,in ,,hoc ,,volvmine ,,haec ,,continentvr4 ,,avrelii ,,cornelii ,,celsi ,,medicinae ,,libri 4,,viii4 ,,qvam ,,emendatissimi1 ,,graecis ,,etiam ,,omnibvs ,,dictionibvs ,,restitvtis4 ,,qvinti ,,sereni ,,liber ,,de ,,medicina ,,et ,,ipse ,,castigatiss4 ,,accedit ,,index ,,in ,,celsvm ,,et ,,serenvm ,,sane ,,qvam ,,copiosvs4 ,aldine anchor ,venetorum decreto1 ne quis aliquo in loco ,venetae ditionis hos libros imprimat1 impressosue alibi uendat1 cautum est4 ,fol4 #a;a3 ,,avrelii ,,cornelii ,,celsi ,,artivm ,,liber ,,sextvs1 ,,idem ,,medicinae ,,liber ,,primvs4 ,fol4 #afd;a3 ,,colophon3 ,,venetiis ,,in ,,aedibvs ,,aldi1 ,,et ,,andreae ,,asvlani ,,soceri ,,mense ,,martio4 ,m4,d4,,xxviii4 ,aldine anchor on verso4 ,quarto4 #h preliminary unnumbered leaves containing title1 dedicatory epistle of the editor1 ,giovanni ,baptista ,egnazio1 to ,cardinal ,hercules ,gonzaga and index2 #afd numbered leaves of text 7fol4 #adh blank74 ,italic letter1 three- to seven-line spaces with guide-letter left for initials4 ,renouard1 p4 #aje4 ,the ,de ,medicina of ,celsus is the second and only surviving part of his ,encyclopaedia entitled ,artes1 in five divisions4 ,the first division1 ,de ,agricultura1 consisted of five books1 so that the sixth book of ,artes was at the same time the first of ,de ,medicina4 ,the ,syston ,park copy1 uncut4 ,bound by ,roger ,payne in red morocco4 ,leaf #i x #e-a_/b in4 #ca4 ,,cicero1 ,,marcus ,,tullius4 ,epistolae ad ,atticum1 ad ,m4 ,brutum1 ad ,quintum fratrem4 ,venetiis1 apud ,aldi filios1 #aedj4 ,,title3 ,m4,,tvllii ,,ciceronis ,,epistolae ad ,atticum1 ad ,m4 ,brutum1 ad ,quintum fratrem1 summa diligentia castigatae1 ut in ijs menda1 quae plurima erant1 paucissima jam supersint4 ,,pavli ,,manvtii ,,in ,,easdem ,,epistolas ,scholia1 quibus abditi locorum sensus ostenduntur1 cum explicatione castigationum1 quae in his epistolis pene innumerabilis factae sunt4 ,aldine anchor ,,pavlvs ,,manvtivs ,,aldi ,f4 ,,venetiis1 ,m4,d4,,xl4 ,fol4 #cdd;a1 ,,colophon3 ,,apvd ,,aldi ,,filios4 ,,venetiis1 ,m4,d4,,xl4 ,,mense ,,avgvsto4 ,aldine anchor on verso ,octavo4 #b preliminary leaves containing title and dedication by ,paulus ,manutius to ,guillaume ,pellicier1 ,bishop of ,montpellier1 #cca numbered leaves of text1 #aj unnumbered leaves of translations of the ,greek passages1 conjectural emendations which the editor would not hesitate to adopt it he should ever find an ancient ,,ms4 to confirm them and a final leaf with colophon and anchor4 ,the ,scholia1 #bd unnumbered leaves1 have a separate title1 with notice of copyright granted by ,paul ,,iii4 7the fourth pope to grant this privilege7 and the ,venetian senate2 colophon and anchor repeated on last leaf4 ,italic letter1 #cj lines to the page1 five-line spaces with guide-letters left for initials4 ,renouard1 p4 #abj4 ,except for the interval #aecc-f the press was inactive from #aebi to #aedj1 on account of dissensions between the heirs of ,andrea and ,aldus4 ,the partnership having been dissolved the press was reopened in #aedj by the sons of ,aldus 7apud ,aldi filios7 under the direction of the youngest1 ,paulus ,manutius 7#aeab-gd71 who restored and added to its lustre4 ,of ,cicero1 his favorite author1 he revised the entire text and printed repeated editions of some of the works3 e4g4 of the ,epistolae ad ,atticum1 ad ,m4 ,brutum1 ad ,quintum fratrem not less than ten1 of which this is the first4 ,the brief scholia he expanded later into full and valuable commentaries1 on the ,letters to ,atticus in #aedg1 on the ,letters to ,brutus and ,quintus in #aeeg4 ,it was ,petrarch who in #acde discovered in a ,verona ,,ms4 the long lost ,letters to ,atticus1 ,brutus and ,quintus and copied them with his own hand4 ,both the ,,ms4 and ,petrarch's copy are lost4 ,but of the ,,ms4 another transcript1 procured by ,petrarch's friend ,salutati in #achi1 is preserved in the ,laurentian ,library1 and of the ,petrarch copy we have here a replica in the type which ,aldus characterized as manum mentiens4 ,from the ,syston ,park library1 with book-plate4 ,bound by ,roger ,payne1 in blue morocco1 gilt edges4 ,leaf #f-a_/b x #d in4 #cb4 ,,cicero1 ,,marcus ,,tullius4 ,orationes4 ,venetiis1 apud ,aldi filios1 #aedf4 ,,title3 ,m4 ,,tvllii ,,ciceronis ,,orationvm ,,pars ,i4 ,aldine anchor ,,corrigente ,,pavlo ,,manvtio1 ,,aldi ,,filio4 ,,venetiis1 ,m4,d4,,xlvi4 ,fol4 #cjh;a1 ,,colophon3 ,,venetiis1 ,,apvd ,,aldi ,,filios1 ,m4,d4,,xxxxvi4 ,octavo4 #d unnumbered preliminary leaves1 containing title and preface of ,paulus ,manutius addressed to ,cardinal ,benedetto ,accolto1 #cjc numbered leaves of text and a final leaf with register and colophon on the recto and anchor on the verso4 ,italic letter1 #cj lines to the page1 five-line spaces with guide-letters left for initials4 ,renouard1 p4 #acf4 ,the second edition of the ,orations printed by ,paulus1 vol4 ,i only 7,,ii1 ,,iii wanting71 on large paper4 ,renouard 7who knew of no complete copy of the three volumes l4p47 remarks1 p4 #ada1 on the too elongated form of most of the ,aldine large paper octavos1 in which all the increased space is at the bottom4 ,in the present copy it is divided between the bottom and the outer margin1 the inner margin and the top having no increase of width--an arrangement well adapted for marginal annotations and perhaps designed for that use4 ,an early owner of this copy has in fact added to the printed title 7,orationum ,pars ,i7 with a pen the word ,commentata1 but proceeded no further with his plan than simply to underscore a number of words on the first three pages1 leaving the margins untouched4 ,the most important of the commentaries of ,paulus was that on the ,orations1 completed not long before his death and printed by his son ,aldus in #aegh-i in three folio volumes4 ,from the ,syston ,park library1 with book-plate and the monogram of ,sir ,j4,h4 ,thorold4 ,bound in red morocco1 gilt edges1 with ,aldine anchor in gold on sides4 ,leaf #h x #e-a_/d in4 #cc4 ,,ptolemaeus1 ,,claudius4 ,planisphaerium4 ,,jordanus ,,nemoranus4 ,planisphaerium4 ,venetiis1 apud ,paulum ,manutium1 #aeeh4 ,,title3 ,,ptolemaei ,,planisphaerivm4 ,,iordani ,,planisphaerivm4 ,,federici ,,commandini ,,vrbinatis ,,in ,,ptolemaei ,,planisphaerivm ,,commentarivs4 ,in quo uniuersa ,scenographices ratio quam breuissime traditur1 ac demonstrationibus confirmatur4 ,aldine anchor ,,venetiis1 ,m4,d4,,lviii4 ,quarto 7not octavo1 as described by ,renouard74 ,part #a4 #d unnumbered preliminary leaves containing title and dedicatory preface of ,commandino to ,cardinal ,rainuccio ,farnese1 #cg numbered leaves of text 7#a-be ,ptolemy1 #bf-cg ,jordanus71 final blank leaf with anchor on verso4 ,part #b4 #bh numbered leaves of commentary1 with separate title1 anchor both on title and on verso of last leaf4 ,text in roman1 #be lines to the page2 commentary in italic1 #cd lines to the page4 ,many woodcut diagrams4 ,both text and commentary are introduced by a seven-line woodcut initial belonging to a mythological series found in other books of ,paulus of this period1 ,c picturing ,calypso bidding adieu to ,ulysses1 ,i1 ,juno seated on a car drawn by peacocks4 ,the original italic font of ,aldus1 the so-called ,aldino type1 which appears to have passed into the possession of the ,torresani relatives at about this date1 is here replaced by a new font having a perceptibly larger face1 though only a slightly larger body 7#bj lines of the new equalling #ba of the old7 and consequently showing less white between the lines4 ,renouard1 p4 #agc4 ,in #aeed the subscription assumed the new form apud ,paulum ,manutium ,aldi ,f41 showing that ,paulus had acquired his brothers' rights in the press4 ,at the same time he returned to the earlier and simpler form of the anchor with the name ,aldus1 instead of the ,aldi filii and the ornamental border in use since #aedf4 ,sometimes1 as in the present volume1 the subscription is omitted altogether and the anchor with the name ,aldus alone used4 ,here moreover the place and date appear only on the title-page and the colophon is dropped as no longer useful4 ,the original ,greek text of ,ptolemy's ,planisphere is lost4 ,to the present ,latin translation1 made by an unknown hand from the ,arabic1 is appended 7fol4 #be7 this subscription3 ,facta est translatio haec ,tolosae ,cal4 ,iunii ,anno ,domini ,,mcxliiii4 ,the revival of the study of the ,greek mathematicians in the sixteenth century was largely due to the admirable translations and commentaries of ,federigo ,commandino of ,urbino 7#aeji-ge74 ,this edition of ,ptolemy's ,planisphere still remains the best4 ,in the same year ,paulus printed ,archimedis ,opera nonnulla a ,federico ,commandino ,vrbinate nuper in latinum conversa et commentariis illustrata4 ,uncut copy1 bound in blue morocco1 with vellum fly-leaves4 ,leaf #h-c_/d x #f-a_/b in4 ,from the ,syston ,park library with book-plate and monogram of ,sir ,john ,hayford ,thorold4 #cd4 ,,livius1 ,,titus4 ,historiarum ab urbe condita libri4 ,venetiis1 in aedibus ,manutianis1 #aegb4 ,,title3 ,t4,,livii ,,patavini1 ,historiarum ab urbe condita1 ,,libri4 ,,qvi4 ,,exstant ,,xxxv ,,cvm4 ,,vniversae4 ,,historiae4 ,,epitomis ,caroli ,sigonij ,scholia1 quibus ijdem libri1 atque epitomae partim emendantur1 partim etiam explanantur1 ,ab ,auctore multis in partibus aucta4 ,printer's device ,,venetiis ,symbol3 ,infinity ,,dlxxii4 ,in ,aedibus ,manutianis4 ,folio4 ,part #a4 #dh unnumbered preliminary leaves containing title1 preface of ,sigonius1 ,veterum scriptorum de ,t4 ,liuio testimonia ab ,aldo ,manutio ,paulli ,f4 ,aldi ,n4 collecta1 ,libri primi epitome1 ,rerum et vocum apud ,t4 ,liuium index copiosissimus2 #cii numbered leaves of text 7blank last leaf wanting74 ,part #b4 ,caroli ,sigonii ,scholia1 with separate title and device1 #aji numbered leaves and blank end leaf4 ,part #c4 ,caroli ,sigonii ,livianorum ,scholiorum aliquot ,defensiones adversus ,glareanum et ,robortellum1 with separate title and device1 #eb numbered pages4 ,roman character1 except epitomae i-xlv and index which are in the italic type of the ,ptolemy commentary1 and the preface which is a large and unusual italic1 first found in a notice prefixed to the ,medici antiqui of #aedg1 once as a text type in #aeej1 afterwards only in an occasional preface or title-page4 ,like the smaller italic of ,paulus it is provided with capitals4 ,the large woodcut initials of the several books belong to the mythological series found in the ,ptolemy but are here much worn4 ,renouard1 p4 #bae4 ,editions of ,livy with the ,scholia of ,sigonius were issued from the ,aldine press in #aeee1 #aeff1 #aegb and #aeib4 ,this third edition is distinguished from those which preceded it by some additions to the ,scholia and an appendix in which the editor defends his views on the chronology of ,livy against the attacks of two opponents4 ,but typographically it is inferior to the second edition as the second was inferior to the first1 which alone was printed under the active supervision of ,paulus4 ,in #aefa he went to ,rome to undertake the direction of a press which ,pius ,,iv4 was about to establish and died there in #aegd1 having made only one brief visit to ,venice in the intervening thirteen years4 ,in his absence the ,venice press1 when not inactive or leased1 was mainly in the charge of his son1 the younger ,aldus 7#aedg-ig71 who in spite of the promise of his early years failed both as a scholar and as a printer to sustain the reputation of his father and grandfather4 ,to the present edition ,aldus contributed the ,veterum scriptorum de ,t4 ,liuio testimonia1 and he is also unquestionably responsible for the large and strange device which replaces the simple anchor for which his father had shown so marked a preference4 ,it consists of the arms granted to ,paulus in #aega by the ,emperor ,maximilian ,,ii4 7in which the ,aldine anchor occupies a subordinate place7 surrounded by a border of heavy ornament with the addition3 ,ex privilegio ,maximiliani ,,ii4 ,imp4 ,caes4 ,aug4 ,when his father's death had made him the head of the press he continued for some years to employ the same device4 ,for the ,livy of #aeib1 much inferior to the present edition1 and of interest only as showing the decline into which the ,aldine press1 and the ,italian presses in general1 had fallen at the end of the sixteenth century1 he was only indirectly responsible4 ,he left ,venice in #aehe and spent the last years of his life at ,rome1 as professor of belles-lettres and joint director of the ,vatican press4 #ce4 ,,biblia ,,latina4 ,parisiis1 ,yolande ,bonhomme1 vidua ,thielmanni ,kerver1 ,august #ad1 #aedi4 ,,title3 ,biblia sacra1 integrum vtriusque testamenti corpus complectens1 diligenter recognita et emendata4 ,cum concordantijs simul et argumentis3 cumque iuris canonici allegationibus passim adnotatis4 ,insuper in calce eiusdem annexe sunt nominum ,hebraicorum1 ,chaldeorum1 atque ,grecorum interpretationes4 ,huic editioni adiectus est ,index rerum et sententiarum vetris et noui testamenti4 ,printer's device 7shield bearing the initials ,t4,k4 suspended from a tree and supported by two unicorns1 with name ,,thielman4,,kerver4 at foot71 both the title and the device framed in a woodcut border4 ,fol4 #efb;a1 ,,colophon3 ,parisijs1 ex officina libraria yolande bonhomme1 ,uidue spectabilis viri ,thielmanni ,keruer1 sub signo vnicornis in vico sancti ,jacobi vbi et venundatur4 ,absolutum ,anno domini ,millesimo quingentesimo quadragesimo nono ,decimo nono ,calendas ,septembris4 ,printer's device on verso4 ,octavo4 ,sign4 ,a#h1 ,b#d1 a-z1 aa-zz1 ,a-,y#h1 ,z#f1 aaa-eee#h4 #fjb leaves1 comprising #ab preliminary unnumbered leaves containing title1 ,ad divinarum literarum verarumque divitiarum amatores exhortatio1 ,librorum ordo1 ,biblie summarium4 ,gabriel ,bruno's ,tabula alphabetica historiarum2 fol4 i-cccccxx1 text2 #cj unnumbered leaves ,index rerum et sententiarum2 #dj unnumbered leaves ,interpretationes nominum ,hebraicorum1 etc4 ,very small gothic letter1 double columns1 #eh lines to the column4 ,six- to eight-line woodcut initials of the several books1 the unicorns of ,kerver's device appearing in that of ,gen4 i4 ,le ,long-,masch iii1 #b1 #adi4 ,the octavo ,latin ,bibles of the ,kerver press1 fifteen editions of which appeared between #aejh and #aefj1 were closely patterned after ,froben's edition1 ,basel1 #aeia 7the first ,bible printed in octavo form71 both as regards the text1 based on the ,fontibus ex ,graecis editions1 #adgh ff41 and the introductory and supplementary matter of various origin accompanying it4 ,the earliest of these supplements1 ,interpretationes nominum ,hebraicorum1 an etymological index of ,hebrew proper names1 appeared first in the ,bible of ,sweynheym and ,pannartz1 ,rome1 #adga1 and was reprinted without change in most of the editions previous to #aeae4 ,in the ,complutensian ,polyglot it underwent revision and the revised form appears in all the editions of ,yolande ,bonhomme1 with due acknowledgment to ,cardinal ,ximenes4 ,the ,index rerum et sententiarum1 however1 announced in the title as a new addition to this edition 7as it had been also announced in the edition of #aedf1 not mentioned by ,masch and ,copinger1 of which this is an exact duplicate7 was borrowed from the ,bible of ,robert ,stephens1 ,paris1 #aecd1 without acknowledgment1 perhaps in order the better to escape the suspicion of heresy attached to his work4 ,in ,copinger's chronological table of the printed editions of the ,latin ,bible during the #aeth and #afth centuries 7,incunabula ,biblica1 p4 #bjg7 this is no4 #cci1 total number #efb4 ,the ,kerver press was less celebrated for its ,bibles than for liturgical works1 and for the books of private devotion 7,horae1 ,heures7 of which ,brunet 7,manuel1 v1 col4 #afad-bg7 enumerates no less than fifty-six1 printed by ,thielmann1 his widow1 or his sons1 between #adig and #aega4 ,the wood-engravings with which they were illustrated were repeated in the successive editions and occasionally also in the ,bibles4 ,two of these borrowed cuts are found in the present edition1 facing the ,old and the ,new ,testament4 ,the first represents the ,expulsion from the ,garden1 but the verse printed underneath 7,gen4 ii4 #g7 calls for the ,creation of ,adam1 which in ,yolande's editions of #aebf and #aecd is actually present1 while here another engraving has been substituted1 but the verse left standing4 ,facing the ,new ,testament1 under the heading ,jesu ,christi secundum carnem genealogia1 is a genealogical tree springing from the root of ,jesse4 ,following the usual alphabetical order of the signatures 7,a-,z1 aaa-eee71 the ,index rerum et sententiarum 7sign4 ,u-,z7 is here placed before the ,interpretationes 7sign4 aaa-eee74 ,this is contrary to the direction of the ,collectio codicum found on the last leaf of the ,index 7,z#f71 where the order prescribed is ,a-,t1 aaa-eee1 ,u-,z1 which is further supported by the colophon and printer's device on ,z#f4 ,the ,index as the latest supplement was meant to stand at the end of the volume4 ,bound in oak boards covered with stamped leather1 brass corners and bosses1 gilt gauffred edges4 ,around the central boss of the back cover is stamped the date ,a4,d4 #aega1 and on the front cover1 in corresponding position and order1 the initials ,f ,e ,p ,l ,p ,f4 ,from the ,osterley ,park sale1 ,may1 #ahhe1 with the book-plate of ,victor ,albert ,george ,child ,villiers1 ,earl of ,jersey4 ,leaf #f-a_/b x #d-a_/b in4 #cf4 ,,philo ,,judaeus4 ,de divinis decem oraculis4 ,lutetiae1 apud ,carolum ,stephanum1 #aeed4 ,,title3 ,philonis ,iudaei ,,de ,,divinis ,,decem oraculis1 quae summa sunt legum capita ,liber1 ,iohanne ,vaeuraeo interprete4 ,printer's device ,,lvtetiae1 ,apud ,carolum ,stephanum1 ,typographum ,regium4 ,m4,d4,,liiii4 ,octavo4 #gb numbered pages1 followed by one leaf ,ad lectorem and one blank4 ,pp4 #c-f1 dedication by the translator to ,charles de ,guise1 ,cardinal de ,lorraine1 ,archbishop of ,reims1 to whom was also dedicated the first edition of the works of ,philo in ,greek1 printed by ,turnebus1 ,paris #aeeb4 ,printed on vellum4 ,on p4 #g a beautiful seven-line engraved initial ,r4 ,the device is that chosen by the printer's brother ,robert1 the olive tree and the motto ,noli altum sapere1 without the addition sed time4 ,renouard1 ,annales de l'impr4 des ,estienne1 #b;e ed41 p4 #ajf2 adds to his description of the volume the following note3 ,dedie au cardinal de ,lorraine1 pour lequel il en fut tire sur velin un exemplaire que depuis l'on a vu relie en maroq4 jaune ancien1 avec une tete en or sur la couverture4 ,il a passe dans une ,bibliotheque inconnue4 ,the present copy answers completely to this description and is without doubt the dedication copy in question4 ,the binding 7#agth cent47 is yellow morocco1 browned by age1 gilt edges1 with a medallion head in gold embossed on the back cover4 ,within are written names of former owners2 on the title page ,n4 ,tetel1 #afdd datum ,remis and ,claude ,henry ,corrard2 on the cover linings ex ,libris ,claudii ,tetel ad ,mussey7872 ,ce livre appartient a mlle ,jean ,collot4 ,by an oversight ,renouard omitted this volume from his list 7p4 #bga7 of ,editions ,stephaniennes dont on connoit un on plusieurs exemplaires imprimes sur velin4 ,it increases the number to twenty-three1 seventeen of them printed by the first ,henri and only six by his descendants4 ,charles ,estienne 7#aejd8-aefd71 a member of a second remarkable family of scholar-printers of the sixteenth century1 whose history forms so interesting a parallel to that of ,aldus and his descendants1 though he does not rank with his brother ,robert1 or ,robert's son the second ,henry1 certainly brought no discredit on the family name4 ,he was educated as a physician1 but when ,robert withdrew to ,geneva to escape the persecutions of the ,sorbonne1 he took charge of the ,paris press and conducted it with ability from #aeea to #aefa1 printing one hundred volumes and receiving the appointment of king's printer4 ,aside from this attractive volume no vellum copy of his books is known4 ,from the ,wodhull sale1 with the ,wodhull arms stamped in gold on the front cover4 ,mem4 within3 ,payne's sale4 ,l#c #cs4 ,m4 ,wodhull1 ,apr4 #adth #agib4 ,collat complet4 ,on the last blank leaf is entered the date ,oct4 #agth #ahjh1 a record possibly of a later visitation4 ,similar dates1 some years later than the date of purchase are found on the end leaves of other ,wodhull books4 ,leaf #g x #d-a_/b in4 ,transcriber's ,note3 ,the following inconsistencies found in the text have been retained3 head-line _/ headline ,homiliae _/ ,homiliae 7in referring to the same book7 ,de ,vinne _/ ,de,vinne ,prohemye _/ ,proheyme