,,autobiography  ,,(  ,,fri$ri*         
,,froebel  ,,translat$ ,,& ,,annotat$   
,,by  ,,emilie ,,mi*aelis1  ,head       
,mi/ress ( ! ,croydon ,k9d]g>t5 &       
,prep>atory ,s*ool1  ,,&  ,h4 ,,keatley 
,,moore1 ,,mus4 ,,bac41 ,b4,a41  ,exam9]
 9 ,music to ! ,froebel ,society &      
,vice-,*airman ( ! ,croydon ,k9d]g>t5   
,company4  99,come1 let u live = our    
*ildr5499  ,,syracuse1 ,n4,y43 ,c4,w4   
,,b>de51 ,,publi%]4 #ahhi4     ,g]man   
,books on ,p$agogy4   #a4 ,com5ius4     
,grosse ,unt]ri*tslehre4 ,mit e9]       
,e9leitung1 ,j4 ,com5ius1 se9 ,leb5 und 
,w]k51 von ,,l9dn]4 ,price #a4ej4  #b4  
,helvetius4 ,von ,m5s*51 se95           
,gei/eskraft5 und se9] ,erziehung4 ,mit 
e9] ,e9leitung1 ,cl4 ,adr4 ,helvetius1  
#agae-agga4 ,e9 ,zeit- und ,leb5sbild1  
von ,,l9dn]4 #abmo1 pp4 #cci4 ,price    
#a4ej4  #c4 ,pe/alozzi4 ,wie ,g]trud    
ihre ,k9d] lehrt4 ,mit e9] ,e9leitung1  
,j4,h4 ,pe/alozzi's ,leb51 ,w]ke1 und   
,grundsaetze1 von ,,ri$el4 ,price #a4be4
  #d4 ,niemey]4 ,grundsaetze die        

,erziehung und des ,unt]ri*tes4 ,mit e9]
 ,e9leitung ,aug4 ,h]m4 ,niemey]1 se9   
,leb5 und ,w]k51 von ,,l9dn]4 #b vols4  
,price #c4jj4  #e4 ,die/]weg4 ,rh5is*e  
,blaett]4 ,mit e9] ,e9leitung1 ,f4,a4,w4
 ,die/]weg1 von ,,jess54 ,price #a4be4  
#f4 ,jacotot4 ,univ]sal ,unt]ri*t4 ,mit 
e9] ,d>/ellung des ,leb5s und d] ,lehre 
,jacotot's1 von ,,go]+4 #abmo1 pp4 #cfd4
 ,price #c4ge4  #g4 ,froebel4           
,pa$agogis*e ,s*rift54 ,h]ausgegeb5 von 
,,seidel4 #c vols4 ,price #g4jj4  #h4   
,fi*te4 ,pa$agogis* ,s*rift5 und ,ide54 
,mit biographis*] ,e9leitung und        
g$ra5gt] ,d>/ellung von ,fi*te's        
,pa$agogik1 von ,,kef]/e94 ,price #b4jj4
  #i4 ,m>t9 ,lu!r4 ,pa$agogis*e         
,s*rifte4 ,mit ,e9leitung von ,,s*umann4
 ,price #a4ej4  #aj4 ,h]d] als ,pa$agog4
 ,von ,,morres4 ,price #ge cts4  #aa4   
,ges*i*te d] ,pa$agogik4 9 ,biograph51  
,ueb]si*t51 und ,prob5 aus pa$agogis*5  
,hauptw]k54 ,von ,,ni$]gesaess4 ,price  
#b4ej4  #aa4 ,lexikon d] ,pa$agogik4    
,von ,,s&]4 ,price #c4ej4  ,= sale by   

99,c4,w4 ,,b>de51 ,publi%]1 ,syracuse1  
,n4,y499     ,,preface ,,to ,,!         
,,am]ican ,,edition4   ,x w be long be=e
 we h a biography ( ,froebel to comp>e )
 ,de,guimp's ,pe/alozzi1 ( :i* an       
,engli% translation has j appe>$4       
,meantime we mu/ cont5t ourselves ) two 
long autobiographical lett]s conta9$ 9  
?is volume1 :i*1 ?\gh incomplete1 h yet 
! peculi> *>m t comes f ! c&id record ( 
g5u9e impressions4  ,! fir/ ( ^! lett]s1
 t to ! ,duke ( ,me9+51 has already     
appe>$ 9 ,engli%1 9 a translation by    
,miss ,lucy ,:eelock = ,b>n>d's ,am]ican
 ,j\rnal ( ,education1 s9ce repr9t$ 9   
pp4 #ba-dh ( 8 ,k9d]g>t5 & ,*ild        
,culture1 7see p4 #adf71 & 9 a small    
volume "u ! title ,autobiography (      
,froebel 7see p4 #adf74 ,:ile a fai?ful 
attempt to reproduce ! orig9al1 ?is     
translation /ruggl$ 9 va9 to trans=m    
,froebel's rugg$ & sometimes seem+ly    
incoh]5t s5t5ces into adequate &        
attractive ,engli%1 s t ! long lett] has
 prov$ to mo/ ,engli% read]s =midable & 

repellant4 ,b 9 ! orig9al x is "o ( !   
mo/ *>m+ productions 9 lit]ature1 c&id &
 confid5tial 9 tone1 & detail+ ^? inn]  
grop+s = ideas t became convictions :i* 
only an autobiography c reveal4 ,^!     
qualities are s admirably pres]v$ 9 !   
translation by ,miss ,emily ,mi*aelis & 
,h4 ,keatley ,moore t x seem$ to leave  
no?+ to be desir$4 ,!y h n only giv5 a  
fai?ful r5d]+1 b !y h impress$ ^u x !   
lov+ t\* ( fai?ful disciples4 ,accord+ly
 ,i pur*as$ f ! ,engli% publi%]s !      
,am]ican rights to ?is translation2 & h 
reproduc$ n only ?is lett]1 b t to !    
philosoph] ,krause1 ) ,b>op's ,critical 
,mom5ts1 & ! ,*ronological ,ab/ract1 all
 f duplicates ( ! ,engli% plates4  ,!   
re/ ( ! volume appe>s = ! fir/ "t4 ,!   
,bibliography seem$ desirable1 & is     
conf9$ to atta9able books likely to be (
 value to ,am]ican tea*]s4 ,! ,index is 
full1 b n full] ?an ! fragm5t>y "* ( !  
mat]ial seem$ to require4 ,! ,table (   
,cont5ts w also s]ve to make ref]5ce    
easy to ! pr9cipal ev5s ( ,froebel's    

hi/ory4  ,9 ! lives ( ,pe/alozzi & (    
,froebel _m resemblances may be trac$4  
,bo? 7 sons ( cl]gym54 ,bo? 7           
half-orphans f _! e>lie/ recollections4 
,bo? 7 unhappy 9 *ildhood1 7            
misund]/ood1 companionless1 awkw>d1     
clumsy1 ridicul$4 ,bo? 7 z boys ?r[n    
into ! almo/ exclusive society ( wom51 &
 bo? reta9$ to ! la/ /rongly fem99e     
*>act]i/ics4 ,bo? 7 ?r\gh\t life lack+ 9
 executive ability2 bo? 7 f9ancially    
improvid5t4 ,bo? 7 dep5d5t = :at !y did 
accompli% ^u fri5ds1 & bo? _h ! p[] (   
inspir+ & reta9+ fri5d%ips t 7 h]oic1   
,pe/alozzi's ,kruesi correspond+ )      
,froebel's ,midd5dorf4 ,bo? became      
tea*]s only by accid5t1 & aft] failure 9
 o!r pr(essions4 ,bo? saw repeat$ disa/]
 9 ! s*ools !y e/abli%$1 & bo? 7 to _!  
la/ days po9t$ at z vision>y !ori/s (   
uns\nd m9d4 ,bo? fail$ to realize _!    
ideas1 b bo? plant$ _! ideas s deeply 9 
! m9ds ( o!rs t !y took endur+ root4    
,bo? lack$ k ( m51 b bo? knew & lov$    
*ildr51 & 7 happie/ :5 p]sonally & alone

 !y _h *ildr5 "u _! *>ge4 ,bo? delight$ 
9 nature1 & f\nd 9 solit>y contemplation
 ( fl[]s & woods & m\nta9s relief f !   
disappo9tm5ts !y enc\nt]$ among _!      
fell[s4  ,b !re 7 contra/s too4         
,pe/alozzi _h no family ties1 :ile      
,froebel ma9ta9$ to ! la/ ! close/      
relations ) sev]al bro!rs & _!          
h\seholds4 ,pe/alozzi m>ri$ at          
tw5ty-?ree a woman old] ?an himself1 on 
:om he !reaft] reli$ 9 all 8 tr\bles4   
,froebel def]r$ 8 m>riage till ?irty-six
 & !n seems to h reg>d$ 8 wife m z an   
advantage to 8 s*ool ?an z a help-meet  
to himself4  ,pe/alozzi 0 diffid5t1 & 9 
dress & mann] c>eless to ! po9t (       
slov5l9ess2 ,froebel 0 extravagant 9 8  
self-confid5ce1 & at times almo/ a d&y 9
 attire4 ,pe/alozzi 0 always hone/ &    
c&id1 :ile ,froebel 0 z a boy untru?ful4
 ,pe/alozzi 0 t\*+ly humble1 & eag] to  
ascribe ! practical failure ( 8 !ories  
to 8 p]sonal ineffici5cy2 ,froebel nev] 
ackn[l$g$ himself 9 ! wrong1 b always   
attribut$ failure to ext]nal causes4 ,on

 ! o!r h&1 :ile ,froebel 0 equable 9    
temp]am5t1 ,pe/alozzi 0 moody &         
impressionable1 fly+ f extreme gaiety to
 extreme dejection1 slamm+ ! door if    
displeas$ ) a lesson a tea*] 0 giv+1 b  
com+ back to apologize if he met a *ild 
:o smil$ ^u him4 ,"u ,r\sseau's influ5ce
 ,pe/alozzi 0 incl9$ to skepticism1 &   
limit$ religi\s tea*+ 9 s*ool to ! read+
 ( ! gospels1 & ! practice (            
,*ri/ianity2 ,froebel 0 deeply pi\s1 &  
made x fundam5tal t education %\ld be   
f\nd$ pla9ly & av[$ly ^u religion4      
,intellectually ! contra/ is ev5 /rong]4
 ,:ile ,froebel _h a univ]sity          
education1 ,pe/alozzi 0 an em95tly      
ignorant man2 8 p5man%ip 0 almo/        
illegible1 he c\ld n d simple sums 9    
multiplication1 he c\ld n s+1 he c\ld n 
draw1 he wore out all 8 h&k]*iefs ga!r+ 
pebbles & !n nev] look$ at !m aft]w>d4  
,froebel 0 n only a read] b a sci5tific 
read]1 always seek+ fir/ to f9d out :at 
o!rs _h discov]$ t he might beg9 :]e !y 
left (f2 ,pe/alozzi boa/$ t he _h n read

 a book 9 =ty ye>s4 ,naturally1 !re=e1  
,pe/alozzi 0 always an exp]im5t]1 pr(it+
 by 8 failures b always fail+ 9 8 fir/  
attempts1 & hitt+ ^u 8 mo/ *>act]i/ic   
pr9ciples by accid5t2 :ile ,froebel 0 a 
!ori/1 elaborat+ 8 ideas m5tally be=e   
putt+ !m 9 practice1 & nev] satisfi$    
till he _h prop]ly locat$ !m 9 8 g5]al  
s*eme ( philosophy4  ,& yet1 curi\sly   
en\gh1 x is ,pe/alozzi :o 0 ! au?or4 ,8 
,leon>d & ,g]trude 0 read by e cottage  
fireside1 :ile ,froebel's writ+s 7      
intelligible only to 8 disciples4       
,pe/alozzi _h an exub]ant imag9ation &  
delightful directness & simplicity (    
expression2 ,froebel's /yle 0 labor$ &  
obscure1 & 8 doctr9es may be bett] kn[n 
?r\gh ! ,*ild & ,*ild ,nature ( !       
,b>oness ,m>5holz von ,buel[ ?an ?r\gh 8
 own ,education ( ,man4  ,! acc\nt (    
,froebel's life giv5 9 ?is volume is    
supplem5t$ some:at by ! ,rem9isc5ces (  
?is same ,b>oness1 :o became acqua9t$ ) 
him 9 #ahdi1 & 0 !reaft] 8 mo/          
en?usia/ic & successful apo/le4 ,till "s

 adequate biography appe>s1 t volume &  
?is mu/ be reli$ ^u = in=mation ( ! man 
:o %>es equally ) ,pe/alozzi ! honor (  
educational re=m 9 ?is c5tury4          
,c4,w4 ,,b>de54 ,syracuse1 ,june #aj1   
#ahhi4     ,,comm5ts ,,^u ,,froebel ,,& 
,,8 ,,"w4   ,und als er s1 wie ,wi*>d   
,lange ri*tig sagt1 d] ,apo/el des      
weibli*5 ,ge*le*ts geword5 w>1 />b er1  
d] g5iale1 un]mu$li* ?aetige1 von ,liebe
 getrag5e ,mann4--,,s*midt1 ,ges*i*te d]
 ,pa$agogik1 ,coe!n1 #ahfb1 iv4 #bhb4   
,en resume1 ,r\sseau aurait pu etre     
deconc]te p> les inv5tions pratiques1 un
 peu subtiles p>fois1 de l'+5ieux       
,froebel4 ,il eut s\ri1 comme t\t le    
monde1 des artifices p> lesquels il     
obligeait l'enfant a se faire acteur au 
milieu de ses petits cam>ades1 a imit]  
t\r a t\r le soldat qui monte la g>de1  
le cordonni] qui travaille1 le *eval qui
 piet9e1 l'homme fatigue qui se repose4 
,mais1 sur les pr9cipes1 il se s]ait mis
 aisem5t d'accord avec l'auteur de      
l',education de l'homme1 avec un p5seur 

a l'ame t5dre et noble1 qui remplacait  
les livres p> les *oses1 qui a une      
in/ruction p$antesque sub/ituait        
l'education int]ieure1 qui aux          
connaissances positives pref]ait la     
*aleur du s5tim5t1 la vie intime et     
pr(onde de l'ame1 qui respectait la     
lib]te et la spontaneite de l'enfant1   
qui enf9 s'ef=cait d'ec>t] de lui les   
mauvaises influ5ces et de faire a son   
innoc5ce un milieu digne                
d'elle--,,compayre's ,hi/oire ,critique 
des ,doctr9es de l',education en ,france
 depuis le ,x,v,ime ,siecle1 ,p>is1     
#ahgi1 ii4 #abe4  ,we might say t 8 ef=t
 9 p$agogy consi/s *iefly 9 organiz+    
into a sy/em ! s5se intuitions :i*      
,pe/alozzi propos$ to ! *ild some:at at 
r&om & )\t direct plan4--,,compayre's   
,hi/ory ( ,p$agogy1 ,payne's            
translation1 ,bo/on1 #ahhf1 p4 #ddi4    
,er w> glei* ,pe/alozzi von d5 hoe*/5   
,ide5 d] ,zeit getrag5 und su*te die    
,erziehung an diese ,ide5 anzuknuepf54  
,s lange die ,mutt] ni*t na* d5 ,gesetz5

 d] ,natur ihr ,k9d erzieht und bildet  
und dafu] ni*t ihr ,leb5 e9set/1 s      
lange--davon geht er aus--s9d alle      
,re=m5 d] ,s*ule auf ,s& gebaut4        
,trotsdem v]legt er e95 ,!il d]         
muett]li*5 ,aufgabe 9 d5 ,k9d]g>t51 9   
wel*em er die ,k9d] vor ihre            
,s*ulpfli*tigkeit v]e9igt wiss5 w1 7#a7 
um auf die haeusli*e ,erziehung erga5z5d
 und v]bess]nd e9zuwirk51 7#b7 um das   
,k9d aus dem ,e9zelleb5 h]aus ,zum      
,v]kehr mil se9esglei*5 zu fuehr51 und  
7#c7 um dem weibli*5 ,ges*le*te         
,geleg5heit zu geb51 si* auf se95       
erzieh]is*5 ,b]uf                       
vorzub]eit54--,b,oe,h,m's ,kurzgefas/e  
,ges*i*te d] ,pa$agogik1 ,nu]nb]g1      
#ahhj1 p4 #acd4  ,le j>d9 d'enfants e/  
evidemm5t en opposition avec l'idee     
fondam5tale de ,pe/alozzi2 c> celui-ci  
avait confie enti]em5t a la m]e et au   
foy] dome/ique la ta*e que ,froebel     
remet1 en gr&e p>tie1 aux j>d9s         
d'enfants et a sa directrice4 ,a l'eg>d 
des rapports de l'education dome/ique1  

telle qui elle e/ a l'heure qu'il e/1 on
 doit reconnaitre que ,froebel avait un 
c\p-d'oeil plus ju/e que                
,pe/alozzi4--,hi/oire d',education1     
,,fr$]ick ,,dittes1 ,r$olfi's ,fr5*     
translation1 ,p>is1 #ahhj1 p4 #beh4     
,:ile o!rs h tak5 to ! "w ( education _!
 own pre-conceiv$ notions ( :at t "w    
%\ld be1 ,froebel /&s consi/5tly alone 9
 seek+ 9 ! nature ( ! *ild ! laws (     
educational action--9 asc]ta9+ f ! *ild 
himself h[ we are to educate            
him4--,,joseph ,,payne1 ,lectures on !  
,sci5ce & ,art ( ,education1 ,syracuse1 
#ahhe1 p4 #bed4  ,ye>s aft]w>ds1 !      
celebrat$ ,jahn 7! ,fa!r ,jahn ( !      
,g]man gymna/ics7 told a ,b]l9 /ud5t ( a
 que] fell[ he _h met1 :o made all sorts
 ( wond]ful ?+s f /ones & cobwebs4 ,?is 
que] fell[ 0 ,froebel2 & ! habit ( mak+ 
out g5]al tru?s f ! obs]vation ( nature1
 especially f plants & trees1 dat$ f !  
solit>y rambles 9 ! ,=e/4  ,z !         
cultivator creates no?+ 9 ! trees &     
plants1 s ! educator creates no?+ 9 !   

*ildr51--he m]ely sup]9t5ds ! developm5t
 ( inborn faculties4 ,s f> ,froebel     
agrees ) ,pe/alozzi2 b 9 "o respect he 0
 beyond him1 & has ?us become1 accord+  
to ,mi*elet1 ! greate/ ( educational    
re=m]s4 ,pe/alozzi said t ! faculties 7 
develop$ by ex]cise4 ,froebel add$ t !  
function ( education 0 to develop !     
faculties by ar\s+ volunt>y activity4   
,action proce$+ f inn] impulse          
7,selb/haeligkeit7 0 ! "o ?+ ne$ful1 &  
"h ,froebel z usual ref]s to ,god3      
,god's e ?\ght is a "w1 a de$4 ,z ,god  
is ! ,creator1 s mu/ man be a creator   
also4 ,liv+ act+1 conceiv+1--^! mu/ =m a
 triple cord )9 e *ild ( man1 ?\gh !    
s\nd n[ ( ?is /r+1 n[ ( t may           
prepond]ate1 & !n aga9 ( two toge!r4    
,pe/alozzi held t ! *ild belong$ to !   
family2 ,fi*te on ! o!r h&1 claim$ x =  
society & ! ,/ate4 ,froebel1 ^: m9d1 l t
 ( ,fr$]ick ,maurice1 delight$ 9        
h>moniz+ app>5t contradictions1 & :o    
taught t all progress lay ?r\gh         
opposites to _! reconciliations1 ma9ta9$

 t ! *ild belong$ bo? to ! family & to  
society1 & he w\ld !re=e h *ildr5 sp5d  
"s h\rs ( ! day 9 a common life & 9     
well-organiz$ common employm5ts4 ,^!    
assemblies ( *ildr5 he w\ld n call      
s*ools1 = ! *ildr5 9 !m ought n to be   
old en\gh = s*ool+4 ,s he inv5t$ ! t]m  
,k9d]g>t51 g>d5 ( *ildr51 & call$ !     
sup]9t5d5ts *ildr5's g>d5]s4--,r4,h4    
,,quick1 9 ,encyclopa$ia ,britannica1   
xix edition4       ,,table ,,(          
,,cont5ts4                              
,,page    ,,introductory                
#a1 #b    ,,lett] ,,to ,,! ,,duke ,,(   
,,me9+5                                 
#c-aja    ,bir? & e>ly life             
#c1 #ajd    ,ent]s ! girls' s*ool       
#i    ,goes away f home to ,/adt-,ihm   
#ae    ,is appr5tic$ to a =e/]          
#bd    ,returns to 8 fa!r's h\se        
#bg    ,goes to ! ,univ]sity ( ,j5a     
#bh1 #aje    ,returns home aga9         
#ce    ,goes to ,bamb]g z cl]k          
#cc    ,becomes l&-surveyor             
#ci    ,goes to ! ,ob]falz z acc\ntant  

#db    ,soon aft] to ,meckl5b]g         
#db    ,gets small inh]itance f 8 uncle 
#dc    ,goes to ,frankfurt              
#dh1 #ajg    ,becomes tea*] 9 ! ,model  
,s*ool                          #ca1    
#aji    ,visits ,pe/alozzi              
#eb    ,resigns to become a private     
tutor                            #fe1   
#aaj    ,takes 8 ?ree pupils to ,yv]don 
#gg    ,returns to ,frankfurt           
#hd    ,goes to ! ,univ]sity ( ,goett+5 
#hd1 #aaa    ,goes to ,b]l9             
#hi1 #aaa    ,ent]s ! army              
#ia1 #aaa1 #abj    ,becomes curator 9   
,b]l9                               #if1
 #aaa1 #aba    ,enli/s 9 ! army aga9    
#ajj1 #aba    ,,supplem5t>y ,,rem>ks    
,,by ,,! ,,translators                  
#ajb1 #ajc    ,,lett] ,,to ,,krause     
#ajd-abe    ,beg9s at ,grie%eim 8 ideal 
"w                          #aac1 #aba  
,und]takes education ( 8 nephews        
#aba      ,moves to ,keilhau            
#abb1 #abg    ,,note ,,by ,,!           
,,translators                           

#abf    ,,critical ,,mom5ts ,,9 ,,!     
,,froebel ,,community                   
#abg-acg    ,froebel goes to ! ,w>t5see 
#aca    ,!n to ,willisau                
#acb1 #acf    ,!n to ! ,orphanage at    
,burgdorf                               
#ace1 #acf    ,visits ,b]l9             
#acg    ,,notes ,,by ,,! ,,translators  
#ach1 #aci    ,dea? ( ,froebel          
#ach    ,,*ronological ,,ab/ract ,,(    
,,froebel',s ,,life ,,& ,,movem5t       
#adj-add    ,,bibliography ,,( ,,froebel
                                        
#ade-aeb    ,,index                     
#aec-afg     ,,introductory4   ,! ye>   
#ahhb 0 ! c5t5>y ( ,froebel's bir?1 & 9 
! pres5t pl5tiful lack ( fai?ful        
translations ( ,froebel's own words we  
propos$ to ! ,froebel ,society to issue 
a translation ( ! ,education ( ,man1 :i*
 we w\ld und]take to make at our own    
co/1 t ! occasion might be m>k$ 9 a     
mann] wor?y ( ! ,engli% bran* ( !       
,k9d]g>t5 movem5t4 ,b v>i\s reasons     
prev5t$ ! ,society f accept+ our (f]1 & 

! lam5table defici5cy /ill cont9ues4 ,we
 h !re=e endeav\r$ to make a beg9n+ by !
 pres5t "w1 consi/+ ( ,froebel's own    
words done into ,engli% z fai?fully z we
 "k h[ to r5d] !m1 & accompani$ ) any   
brief explanation ( our own t may be    
ess5tial to ! cle> und]/&+ ( ! passages 
giv54 ,we h n attempt$ to rewrite our   
au?or1 ! bett] to suit ! practical1     
cle>-head$1 common-s5se ,engli% "*1 b h 
pref]r$ simply to pres5t him 9 an       
,engli% dress ) 8 national & p]sonal    
peculi>ities unt\*$4  ,9 s do+ we are q 
aw>e t we h sacrific$ int]e/1 = 9 _m    
passages1 if n 9 mo/1 a c>eful p>aphrase
 ( ,froebel w\ld be mu* m intelligible &
 pi?y to ,engli% read]s ?an a true      
r5d]+1 s9ce he probably possesses e     
fault ( /yle except ov]-concis5ess2 b we
 feel t x is bett] to let ,froebel speak
 = himself4  ,= ! fai?fulness (         
translation we hope our respective      
nationalities may h /ood u 9 good /ead4 
,we w\ld1 h[ev]1 add t a fai?ful        
translation is n a v]bal translation4 ,!

 translator %\ld r /rive to write ea*   
s5t5ce z ! au?or w\ld h writt5 x 9      
,engli%4  ,froebel's op9ions1 "*1 & "w  
gr[ s directly out ( 8 life1 t we feel !
 be/ ( 8 writ+ t a /ud5t ( ! ,k9d]g>t5  
sy/em c\ld beg9 ) is ! important        
autobiographical ,lett] to ! ,duke (    
,me9+51 writt5 9 ! ye> #ahbg1 b nev]    
complet$1 & 9 all probability nev] s5t  
to ! sov]eign ^: "n x be>s4 ,t ?is is ! 
c\rse ,froebel w\ld himself h pref]r$ w1
 we ?9k1 become quickly app>5t to !     
read]4 ,besides1 9 ! boyhood & ! e>lie/ 
exp]i5ces ( ,froebel's life1 we f9d !   
s\rces ( 8 :ole educational sy/em4 ,t   
o!r *ildr5 might be bett] und]/ood ?an  
he 01 t o!r *ildr5 might h ! means to   
live ! true *ild-life t 0 d5i$ to       
himself1 & t by _! p[]s be+ direct$ into
 ! "r *annels1 ^! *ildr5 might become a 
bless+ to !mselves & to o!rs1 0         
und\bt$ly 9 great "p ! motive :i* induc$
 ,froebel to describe s fully all !     
circum/ances ( 8 peculi> *ildhood4 ,we  
%\ld und\bt$ly h a cle>] compreh5sion ( 

_m a great re=m] if he _h tak5 ! tr\ble 
to write out at l5g? ! impressions ( 8  
life's dawn1 z ,froebel has done4 ,9    
,froebel's p>ticul> case1 moreov]1 x is 
evid5t t al?\gh 8 acc\nt ( himself is   
unf9i%$1 we =tunately possess all t is  
mo/ important = ! und]/&+ ( ! orig9 ( ! 
,k9d]g>t5 sy/em4 ,aft] ! ,lett] to !    
,duke ( ,me9+51 we h plac$ ! %ort]      
acc\nt ( 8 life :i* ,froebel includ$ 9 a
 lett] to ! philosoph] ,krause4 ,a sket*
 ( ,b>op's1 :i* v>ies ! po9t ( view by  
reg>d+ ! :ole movem5t m 9 its out]      
aspect ?an ev5 ,froebel himself is able 
to d1 seem$ to u also desirable to      
translate2 & f9ally we h add$ also a    
c>efully prep>$ *ronology ext5d$ f      
,lange's li/4 ,our translation is made f
 ! edition ( ,froebel's works publi%$ by
 ,dr4 ,wi*>d ,lange at ,b]l9 9 #ahfb4   
,,emilie ,,mi*aelis4                    
,h4 ,,keatley ,,moore4 ,,! ,,croydon    
,,k9d]g>t51 ,janu>y #ahhf4              
,,autobiography ,,( ,,froebel4  7,a     
,,lett] ,,to ,,! ,,duke ,,( ,,me9+547   

,i 0 born at ,ob]weissba*1 a village 9 !
 ,?ur+ian ,=e/1 9 ! small pr9cipality ( 
,s*w>zburg-,rudol/adt1 on ! #ba/ ,april1
 #aghb4 ,my fa!r 0 ! pr9cipal cl]gyman1 
or pa/or1 !re4#a 7,he di$ 9 #ahjb47 ,i 0
 e>ly initiat$ into ! conflict ( life   
amid/ pa9ful & n>r[+ circum/ances2 &    
ignorance ( *ild-nature & insuffici5t   
education wr\ght _! influ5ce ^u me4     
,soon aft] my bir? my "m's heal? began  
to fail1 & aft] nurs+ me n9e mon?s %e   
di$4 ,?is loss1 a h>d bl[ to me1        
influ5c$ ! :ole environm5t & developm5t 
( my be+3 ,i consid] t my "m's dea?     
decid$ m or less ! ext]nal circum/ances 
( my :ole life4  ,! cure ( five ?\s&    
s\ls1 scatt]$ ov] six or sev5 villages1 
devolv$ solely on my fa!r4 ,?is "w1 ev5 
to a man s active z my fa!r1 :o 0 v     
consci5ti\s 9 ! fulfilm5t ( 8 duty z    
m9i/]1 0 all-absorb+2 ! m s s9ce ! cu/om
 ( frequ5t s]vices /ill prevail$4       
,besides all ?is1 my fa!r _h und]tak5 to
 sup]9t5d ! build+ ( a l>ge new *ur*1   
:i* drew him m & m f 8 home & f 8       

*ildr54  ,i 0 left to ! c>e ( ! s]vants2
 b !y1 pr(it+ by my fa!r's absorption 9 
8 "w1 left me1 =tunately = me1 to my    
bro!rs1 :o 7 some:at old] ?an myself4#b 
,?is1 9 addition to a circum/ance ( my  
lat] life1 may h be5 ! cause ( t unsw]v+
 love = my family1 & especially = my    
bro!rs1 :i* has1 to ! pres5t mom5t1 be5 
( ! greate/ importance to me 9 ! conduct
 ( my life4 ,al?\gh my fa!r1 = a village
 pa/or1 0 unusually well in=m$--nay1 ev5
 le>n$ & exp]i5c$--& 0 an incessantly   
active man1 yet 9 consequ5ce ( ?is      
sep>ation f him dur+ my e>lie/ ye>s ,i  
rema9$ a /rang] to him ?r\gh\t my life2 
& 9 ?is way ,i 0 z truly )\t a fa!r z   
)\t a "m4 ,amid/ su* surr\nd+s ,i rea*$ 
my f\r? ye>4 ,my fa!r !n m>ri$ aga91 &  
gave me a second "m4 ,my s\l mu/ h felt 
deeply at ?is "t ! want ( a "m's        
love1--( p>5tal love1--= 9 ?is ye>      
occurs my fir/ consci\sness ( self4 ,i  
rememb] t ,i receiv$ my new "m ov]fl[+ )
 feel+s ( simple & fai?ful *ild-love    
t[>ds h]4 ,^! s5tim5ts made me happy1   

develop$ my nature1 & /r5g!n$ me1       
because !y 7 k9dly receiv$ & reciprocat$
 by h]4 ,b ?is happ9ess did n endure4   
,soon my /ep-"m rejoic$ 9 ! possession (
 a son ( h] own2#c & !n h] love 0 n only
 )drawn entirely f me & transf]r$ to h] 
own *ild1 b ,i 0 treat$ ) worse ?an     
indiff]5ce--by ^w & de$1 ,i 0 made to   
feel an utt] /rang]4  ,i am oblig$ "h to
 m5tion ^! circum/ances1 & to describe  
!m s p>ticul>ly1 because 9 !m ,i see !  
fir/ cause ( my e>ly habit (            
introspection1 my t5d5cy to             
self-exam9ation1 & my e>ly sep>ation f  
companion%ip ) o!r m54 ,soon aft] ! bir?
 ( h] own son1 :5 ,i _h sc>cely ent]$ my
 boyhood1 my /ep-"m ceas$ to use !      
sympa!tic1 he>t-unit+ ?\ 9 speak+ to me1
 & began to address me 9 ! ?ird p]son1 !
 mo/ e/rang+ ( our =ms ( spee*4 ,& z 9  
?is mode ( address ! ?ird p]son1 he1    
isolates ! p]son address$1 x creat$ a   
great *asm betwe5 my /ep-"m & me4#d ,at 
! beg9n+ ( my boyhood1 ,i already felt  
utt]ly lonely1 & my s\l 0 fill$ ) grief4

  ,"s co>se-m9d$ p wi%$ to make use ( my
 s5tim5ts & my mood at ?is "t to set me 
aga9/ my /ep-"m1 b my he>t & m9d turn$ )
 indignation f ^! p]sons1 :om ,i !nce=? 
avoid$1 s f> z ,i 0 able4 ,?us ,i       
became1 at an e>ly age1 consci\s ( a    
nobl]1 pur]1 inn]-life1 & laid !        
f\ndation ( t prop] self-consci\sness & 
moral pride :i* h accompani$ me ?r\gh   
life4 ,temptations return$ f "t to "t1 &
 ea* "t took a m dang]\s =m3 n only 0 ,i
 suspect$ z be+ capable ( unwor?y ?+s1 b
 base conduct 0 actually *>g$ aga9/ me1 
& ?is 9 su* a way z left no d\bt ( !    
impropriety ( ! suspicion & ( !         
untru?fulness ( ! accusation4 ,s x came 
to pass t 9 ! fir/ ye>s ( my boyhood ,i 
0 p]=ce l$ to live to myself & 9        
myself--& inde$ to /udy my own be+ &    
inn] consci\sness1 z oppos$ to ext]nal  
circum/ances4 ,my inw>d & my outw>d life
 7 at t "t1 ev5 dur+ play & o!r         
occupations1 my pr9cipal subjects =     
reflection & ?\ght4  ,a notable influ5ce
 ^u ! developm5t & =mation ( my "* 0    

also ex]cis$ by ! position ( my p>5ts'  
h\se4 ,x 0 closely surr\nd$ by o!r      
build+s1 walls1 h$ges1 & f5ces1 & 0     
fur!r enclos$ by an out] c\rty>d1 a     
paddock1 & a kit*5 g>d54 ,beyond ^!     
latt] ,i 0 /rictly =bidd5 to pass4 ,!   
dwell+ _h no o!r outlook ?an on to !    
build+s to "r & left1 ! big *ur* 9      
front1 & at ! back ! slop+ fields /ret*+
 up a high hill4 ,= a long "t ,i rema9$ 
?us depriv$ ( any di/ant view3 b above  
me ,i saw ! sky1 cle> & bright z we s   
(t5 f9d x 9 ! hill c\ntry2 & ar\nd me ,i
 felt ! pure fre% breeze /irr+4 ,!      
impression :i* t cle> sky & t pure air  
!n made on me has rema9$ ev] s9ce pres5t
 to my m9d4 ,my p]ceptions 7 9 ?is mann]
 limit$ to only ! ne>e/ objects4        
,nature1 ) ! _w ( plants & fl[]s1 s f> z
 ,i 0 able to see & und]/& h]1 e>ly     
became an object ( obs]vation &         
reflection to me4 ,i soon help$ my fa!r 
9 8 fav\rite occupation ( g>d5+1 & 9 ?is
 way receiv$ _m p]man5t p]ceptions2 b ! 
consci\sness ( ! real life 9 nature only

 came to me fur!r on1 & ,i %all return  
to ! po9t h]eaft] 9 ! c\rse ( my        
n>rative4 ,our dome/ic life at ?is "t   
gave me mu* opportunity = occupation &  
reflection4 ,_m alt]ations w5t on 9 our 
h\se2 bo? my p>5ts 7 exce$+ly           
active-m9d$1 fond ( ord]1 & det]m9$ to  
improve _! dwell+ 9 e possible way4 ,i  
_h to help !m accord+ to my capacity1 & 
soon p]ceiv$ t ,i !reby ga9$ /r5g? &    
exp]i5ce2 :ile ?r\gh ?is gr[? ( /r5g? & 
exp]i5ce my own games & occupations     
became ( great] value to me4  ,b f my   
life 9 ! op5 air among/ ! objects (     
nature1 & f ! ext]nals ( dome/ic life1  
,i mu/ n[ turn to ! inn] aspects ( my   
home & family4  ,my fa!r 0 a !ologian ( 
! old s*ool1 :o held k & sci5ce 9 less  
e/imation ?an fai?2 b yet he endeav\r$  
to keep pace ) ! times4 ,= ?is purpose  
he subscrib$ to ! be/ p]iodicals he c\ld
 obta91 & c>efully exam9$ :at in=mation 
!y (f]$ him4 ,?is help$ n a little to   
elevate & enlight5 ! old-fa%ion$ truly  
,*ri/ian life :i* reign$ 9 our family4  

,morn+ & ev5+ all its memb]s ga!r$      
toge!r1 & ev5 on ,sunday z well1 al?\gh 
on t day div9e s]vice w\ld ( c\rse also 
call ^u u to assemble = common religi\s 
wor%ip4 ,zollik(]1 ,h]mes1 ,m>ezoll1    
,/urm1 & o!rs1 turn$ our ?\ghts1 9 ^?   
delightful h\rs ( heav5ly m$itation1 ^u 
our inn]mo/ be+1 & s]v$ to quick51      
unfold1 & raise up ! life ( ! s\l )9 u4 
,?us my life 0 e>ly br\ght "u ! influ5ce
 ( nature1 ( useful h&iwork1 & (        
religi\s feel+s2 or1 z ,i pref] to say1 
! primitive & natural incl9ations ( e   
human be+ 7 ev5 9 my case also t5d]ly   
fo/]$ 9 ! g]m4 ,i mu/ m5tion "h1 )      
ref]5ce to my ideas reg>d+ ! nature (   
man1 to be treat$ ( lat]1 & z ?r[+ light
 ^u my pr(essional & individual "w1 t at
 ?is "t ,i us$ repeat$ly1 & ) deep      
emotion1 to resolve to try & be a good &
 brave man4 ,z ,i h he>d s9ce1 ?is firm 
inw>d resolution ( m9e 0 9 flagrant     
contra/ ) my outw>d life4 ,i 0 full (   
y\?ful en]gy & 9 high spirits1 & did n  
always "k h[ prop]ly to mod]ate my      

vivacity4 ,?r\gh my want ( re/ra9t ,i   
got into all k9ds ( scrapes4 ,(t51 9 my 
?\ghtlessness1 ,i w\ld de/roy ! ?+s ,i  
saw ar\nd me1 9 ! endeav\r to inve/igate
 & und]/& !m4  ,my fa!r 0 prev5t$ by 8  
manifold occupations f himself in/ruct+ 
me4 ,besides1 he lo/ all fur!r          
incl9ation to tea* me1 aft] ! great     
tr\ble he f\nd 9 tea*+ me to read--an   
art :i* came to me ) great difficulty4  
,z soon z ,i c\ld read1 !re=e1 ,i 0 s5t 
to ! public village s*ool4  ,! position 
9 :i* my fa!r /ood to ! village         
s*oolma/]s1 t is to say1 to ! ,cantor1#e
 & to ! ma/] ( ! girls' s*ool1 & 8      
judgm5t ( ! value ( _! respective tea*+1
 decid$ him to s5d me to ! latt]4 ,?is  
*oice _h a rem>kable influ5ce on !      
developm5t ( my inn] nature1 on acc\nt (
 ! p]fect neatness1 quiet1 intellig5ce1 
& ord] :i* reign$ 9 ! s*ool2 nay1 ,i may
 g fur!r1 & say ! s*ool 0 exactly       
suitable = su* a *ild z ,i 04 ,9 pro( ( 
?is ,i w describe my entrance into !    
s*ool4 ,at t "t *ur* & s*ool g5]ally    

/ood 9 /rict mutual relation%ip1 & s x 0
 9 our case4 ,! s*ool *ildr5 _h _!      
special places 9 *ur*2 & n only 7 !y    
oblig$ to att5d *ur*1 b ea* *ild _h to  
repeat to ! tea*]1 at a special class   
held = ! purpose e ,monday1 "s passage (
 ,scripture us$ by ! m9i/] 9 8 s]mon ( !
 day be=e1 z a pro( ( att5tion to !     
s]vice4 ,f ^! passages t "o :i* seem$   
mo/ suitable to *ildr5 0 !n *os5 = !    
little ones to ma/] or to le>n by he>t1 
& = t purpose "o ( ! bigg] *ildr5 _h    
dur+ ! :ole week1 at c]ta9 times ea*    
day1 to repeat ! passage to ! little    
*ildr51 s5t5ce by s5t5ce4 ,! little     
ones1 all /&+ up1 _h !n to repeat ! text
 s5t5ce by s5t5ce 9 l mann]1 until x 0  
?or\ghly impr9t$ on _! memories4  ,i    
came into s*ool on a ,monday4 ,! passage
 *os5 = t week 01 ,seek ye fir/ ! k+dom 
( ,god4 ,i he>d ^! words e day 9 ! calm1
 s]i\s1 some:at s+-song voices ( !      
*ildr51 sometimes repeat$ by "o *ild1   
sometimes by ! :ole numb]4 ,& ! text    
made an impression ^u me su* z none _h  

ev] done be=e & none ev] did aft]4      
,inde$1 ?is impression 0 s vigor\s &    
p]man5t1 t to ?is day e ^w spok51 ) !   
special tone & expression !n giv5 to x1 
is /ill vivid 9 my m9d4 ,& yet t is n[  
ne>ly =ty ye>s ago6 ,p]haps ev5 !n !    
simple boy's he>t felt t ^! words w\ld  
be ! f\ndation & ! salvation ( 8 life1  
br++ to him t conviction :i* 0 to become
 lat] on to ! work+ & /riv+ man a s\rce 
( unconqu]able c\rage1 ( unfl9*+1       
ev]-ready1 & *e]ful self-sacrifice4 ,9  
%ort1 my introduction into t s*ool 0 my 
bir? into ! high] spiritual life4  ,"h  
,i break (f my n>rative to ask myself   
:e!r ,i d>e v5ture to pause yet a little
 long] ov] ?is fir/ p]iod ( my life4 ,b 
?is 0 ! "t :5 ! buds began to unfold on 
my tree ( life2 ?is 0 ! "t :5 my he>t   
f\nd its pivot-po9t1 & :5 fir/ my inn]  
life awoke4 ,if1 !n1 ,i succe$ 9 giv+ an
 exact description ( my e>ly boyhood1 ,i
 %all h provid$ an important aid to ! "r
 und]/&+ ( my life & "w z a man4 ,= t   
reason ,i v5ture to dwell at "s         

inord9ate l5g? on ?is "p ( my life1 & ! 
m will+ly s9ce ,i c pass m quickly ov]  
lat] p]iods4  ,x (t5 sugge/s itself to  
me1 :ile ?us review+ & describ+ my life1
 j z x does ) tea*+ & education--namely1
 t ^? ?+s :i* are by mo/ m5 ?r[n aside z
 common & unimportant are ! v ?+s :i*   
are1 z ,i take x1 ( weightie/ import4 ,9
 my eyes1 x is always a mi/ake to leave 
a gap 9 ! rudim5t>y & fundam5tal "p ( a 
subject4 ,/ill ,i "k "o may exhau/ !    
pati5ce ( a read] by t\*+ on e m9ute    
detail1 be=e he has be5 p]mitt$ to      
glance at ! :ole picture & to ga!r its  
scope & object4 ,!re=e ,i beg y\r       
,highness#f to pass ov]1 at all ev5ts on
 ! fir/ read+1 any?+ t may appe> too    
long & too detail$4  ,aga9/ /&+ rules1  
,i 0 receiv$ 9 ! girls' s*ool1 on acc\nt
 ( ! position ( my fa!r z pa/or ( !     
di/rict4 ,= ! same reason ,i 0 plac$1 n 
) ! pupils ( my own age1 b close to !   
tea*]1 :i* br\ght me among ! eld] girls4
 ,i jo9$ 9 _! lessons z f> z ,i c\ld4 ,9
 two subjects ,i 0 q able to d ?is4     

,fir/1 ,i c\ld read ! ,bible ) !m2 &1   
secondly1 ,i _h to le>n l9e by l9e1     
in/ead ( ! little texts ( ! y\ng] *ildr5
 already spok5 (1 ! hymns = ! foll[+    
,sunday's s]vice4 ,( ^!1 two especially 
light up ! gloomy l[]+ dawn ( my e>ly   
boyhood1 l two brilliant />s4 ,!y       
are--,s*w+ di* auf1 me9 ,h]z und ,gei/1 
& ,es ko/et viel e9 ,*ri/ zu se94#g ,^! 
hymns 7 hymns ( life to me4 ,i f\nd my  
own little life express$ !re92 & !y took
 su* a hold ^u me t (t5 9 lat] ye>s ,i h
 f\nd /r5g? & support 9 ! message :i* !y
 c>ri$ to my s\l4 ,my fa!r's home life 0
 9 complete h>mony ) ?is discipl9e ( !  
s*ool4 ,al?\gh div9e s]vice 0 held twice
 on ,sundays1 ,i 0 b v seldom all[$ to  
miss att5d+ ea* s]vice4 ,i foll[$ my    
fa!r's s]mons ) great att5tion1 p>tly   
because ,i ?\ght ,i f\nd 9 !m _m        
allusions to 8 own position1 pr(ession1 
& life4 ,look+ back1 ,i consid] x ( no  
slight importance t ,i us$ to he> !     
s]vice f ! ve/ry1 because ,i 0 !re      
sep>at$ f ! congregation1 & c\ld ! bett]

 keep my att5tion f w&]+4  ,i h already 
m5tion$ t my fa!r belong$ to ! old      
or?odox s*ool ( !ology2 & 9 consequ5ce !
 language bo? ( 8 hymns & ( 8 s]mons 0  
my/ical & symbolic--a /yle ( spee* :i*1 
9 m ?an "o s5se1 ,i %\ld call a         
/one-language1 because x requires an    
ov]:elm+ p[] to bur/ its walls1 & free f
 ?is out] %ell ! life conta9$ )94 ,b :at
 ! full /r5g? ( lat] life seems too weak
 to atta91 is (t5 accompli%$ by ! liv+1 
life-awak5+1 & life-giv+ p[] ( "s       
simple1 ?\ghtful "y s\l1 by "s "y _s    
fir/ unfold+ its w+s1 busily seek+      
ev]y:]e = ! causes & connections ( all  
?+s4 ,ev5 = su* a y\?1 ! treasure is to 
be ga9$ only aft] long exam9ation1      
inquiry1 & reflection4 ,if ev] ,i f\nd t
 = :i* ,i s long+ly s\ght1 !n 0 ,i fill$
 ) exce$+ joy4  ,! surr\nd+s amid/ :i*  
,i _h gr[n up1 especially ^? 9 :i* my   
fir/ *ildhood 0 pass$1 _h caus$ my s5ses
 to be mu* & e>ly ex]cis$4 ,! pleasures 
( ! s5ses 7 f ! fir/1 !re=e1 an object =
 ! close/ consid]ation ) me4 ,! results 

( ?is analys+ & que/ion+ habit ( my e>ly
 boyhood 7 p]fectly cle> & decisive1 &1 
if n r5d]$ into words1 7 yet firmly     
settl$ 9 my m9d4 ,i recognis$ t !       
transitory pleasures ( ! s5ses 7 )\t    
endur+ & satisfy+ influ5ce on man1 & t  
!y 7 !re=e on no acc\nt to be pursu$ )  
too great eag]ness4 ,?is conviction     
/amp$ & det]m9$ my :ole be+1 j z my     
que/ion+ exam9ation & comp>ison ( ! inn]
 ) ! out] _w1 & my /udy ( _!            
int]-connection1 is n[ ! basis ( my :ole
 future life4 ,unceas+                  
self-contemplation1 self-analysis1 &    
self-education h be5 ! fundam5tal       
*>act]i/ics ( my life f ! v fir/1 & h   
rema9$ s until ^! late/ days4  ,to /ir  
up1 to animate1 to awak51 & to /r5g!n1 !
 pleasure & p[] ( ! human be+ to lab\r  
un9t]rupt$ly at 8 own education1 has    
become & always rema9$ ! fundam5tal     
pr9ciple & aim ( my educational "w4     
,great 0 my joy :5 ,i believ$ ,i _h     
prov$ completely to my own satisfaction 
t ,i 0 n de/9$ to g to hell4 ,! /ony1   

oppressive dogmas ( or?odox !ology ,i v 
e>ly expla9$ away1 p]haps assi/$ 9 ?is  
by two circum/ances4 ,fir/ly1 ,i he>d ^!
 expressions us$ ov] & ov] aga91 f my   
habit ( be+ pres5t at ! lessons giv5 by 
my fa!r 9 our own h\se1 9 prep>ation =  
confirmation4 ,i he>d !m us$ also 9 all 
sorts ( ways1 s t my m9d almo/          
unconsci\sly con/ruct$ "s sort (        
explanation ( !m4 ,secondly1 ,i 0 (t5 a 
mute witness ( ! /rict way 9 :i* my fa!r
 p]=m$ 8 pa/oral duties1 & ( ! frequ5t  
sc5es betwe5 him & ! _m p :o came to !  
p>sonage to seek advice & consolation4  
,i 0 ?us aga9 con/antly attract$ f !    
out] to ! inn] aspects ( life4 ,life1 ) 
its inmo/ motives laid b>e1 pass$ be=e  
my eyes1 ) my fa!r's comm5ts pron\nc$ ^u
 x2 & ?+ & ^w1 act & symbol 7 ?us       
p]ceiv$ by me 9 _! mo/ vivid            
relation%ip4 ,i saw ! disjo9t$1         
heavy-lad51 torn1 inh>moni\s life ( man 
z x appe>$ 9 ?is community ( five ?\s&  
s\ls1 be=e ! wat*ful eyes ( its e>ne/1  
sev]e pa/or4 ,matrimonial & sexual      

circum/ances especially 7 (t5 ! objects 
( my fa!r's grave/ condemnation &       
rebuke4 ,! way 9 :i* he spoke ab\t ^!   
matt]s %[$ me t !y =m$ "o ( ! mo/       
oppressive & difficult p>ts ( human     
conduct2 &1 9 my y\? & innoc5ce1 ,i felt
 a deep pa9 & sorr[ t man alone1 among  
all creatures1 %\ld be doom$ to ^!      
sep>ations ( sex1 :]eby ! "r pa? 0 made 
s difficult = him to f9d4 ,i felt x a   
real necessity = ! satisfaction ( my    
he>t & m9d to reconcile ?is difficulty1 
& yet c\ld f9d no way to d s4 ,h[ c\ld  
,i at t age1 & 9 my position8 ,b my     
elde/ bro!r1 :o1 l all my eld] bro!rs1  
liv$ away f home1 came to /ay ) u = a   
"t2 & "o day1 :5 ,i express$ my delight 
at see+ ! purple ?reads ( ! hazel buds1 
he made me aw>e ( a simil> sexual       
diff]5ce 9 plants4 ,n[ 0 my _s at re/4  
,i recognis$ t :at _h s weigh$ ^u me 0  
an in/itution spread ov] all nature1 to 
:i* ev5 ! sil5t1 beautiful race ( fl[]s 
0 submitt$4 ,f t "t humanity & nature1 !
 life ( ! s\l & ! life ( ! fl[]1 7      

closely knit toge!r 9 my m9d2 & ,i c    
/ill see my hazel buds1 l angels1 op5+ =
 me ! great ,god's temple ( ,nature4  ,i
 n[ _h :at ,i ne$$3 to ! ,*ur* 0 add$ ! 
,nature-,temple2 to ! religi\s ,*ri/ian 
life1 ! life ( ,nature2 to ! passionate 
discord ( human life ! tranquil peace ( 
! life ( plants4 ,f t "t x 0 z if ,i    
held ! clue ( ,ariadne to guide me ?r\gh
 ! labyr9? ( life4 ,an intimate         
communion ) ,nature = m ?an ?irty ye>s  
7al?\gh1 inde$1 (t5 int]rupt$1 sometimes
 = long int]vals7 has taught me t       
plants1 especially trees1 are a mirror1 
or r a symbol1 ( human life 9 its highe/
 spiritual relations2 & ,i ?9k "o ( !   
gr&e/ & deepe/ =e-feel+s t h ev] emanat$
 f ! human s\l1 is be=e u :5 we read1 9 
! ,holy ,scriptures1 ( a tree ( k ( good
 & evil4 ,! :ole ( ,nature tea*es u to  
di/+ui% good f evil2 ev5 ! _w ( cry/als 
& /ones--?\gh n s vividly1 calmly1      
cle>ly1 & manife/ly z ! _w ( plants &   
fl[]s4 ,i said my hazel buds gave me !  
clue ( ,ariadne4 ,_m ?+s grew cle> to   

me3 = in/ance1 ! e>lie/ life & actions (
 our fir/ p>5ts 9 ,p>adise1 & mu*       
connect$ !re)4  ,!re are yet ?ree po9ts 
t\*+ my inn] life up to my t5? ye>1 :i*1
 be=e ,i resume ! n>rative ( my out]    
life1 ,i %\ld l to m5tion "h4  ,! folly1
 sup]/ition1 & ignorance ( m5 _h d>$ to 
assume !n1 z !y h done lately1 t ! _w   
w\ld soon come to an end4 ,my m9d1      
h[ev]1 rema9$ p]fectly tranquil1 because
 ,i reason$ ?us ) myself firmly &       
def9itely3--,mank9d w n pass f ! _w1 nor
 w ! _w itself pass away1 until ! human 
race has atta9$ to t degree ( p]fection 
( :i* x is capable on e>?4 ,! e>?1      
,nature 9 its n>r[e/ s5se1 w n pass     
away1 moreov]1 until m5 h atta9$ a      
p]fect insight into its ess5ce4 ,?is    
idea has return$ to me dur+ my life 9 _m
 a v>i$ guise1 & ,i h (t5 be5 indebt$ to
 its influ5ce = peace1 firmness1        
p]sev]ance1 & c\rage4  ,t[>ds ! end (   
?is epo*1 my elde/ bro!r1 already spok5 
(1 0 at ! univ]sity1 & /udi$ !ology4#h  
,philosophic criticism 0 !n beg9n+ to   

elucidate c]ta9 ,*ur* dogmas4 ,x 0 !re=e
 n v surpris+ t fa!r & son (t5 diff]$ 9 
op9ion4 ,i rememb] t "o day !y _h a     
viol5t dispute ab\t religion & ,*ur*    
matt]s4 ,my fa!r /orm$1 & absolutely    
decl9$ to yield2 my bro!r1 ?\gh         
naturally ( a mild disposition1 flu%$   
deep-r$ ) excitem5t2 & he1 too1 c\ld n  
ab&on :at he _h recognis$ z true4 ,i 0  
pres5t also on ?is z on _m o!r          
occasions1 an unobs]v$ witness1 & c /ill
 see fa!r & son /&+ face to face 9 !    
conflict ( op9ion4 ,i almo/ ?\ght ,i    
und]/ood some?+ ( ! subject 9 dispute2  
,i felt z if ,i mu/ side ) my bro!r1 b  
!re seem$ at ! same "t some?+ 9 my      
fa!r's view :i* indicat$ ! possibility (
 a mutual und]/&+4 ,already ,i felt 9 a 
dim way t e illusion has a true side1   
:i* (t5 leads m5 to cl+ to x ) a        
desp]ate firmness4 ,?is conviction has  
become m & m confirm$ 9 me ! long] ,i h 
liv$2 & :5 at any "t ,i h he>d two m5   
disput+ = ! tru?'s sake1 ,i h f\nd t !  
tru? is usually to be le>nt f bo? sides4

 ,!re=e ,i h nev] lik$ to take sides2 a 
=tunate ?+ = me4#i  ,ano!r y\?ful       
exp]i5ce :i* also _h a decid$ influ5ce 9
 =m+ my ca/ ( "*1 0 ! foll[+3--,!re are 
c]ta9 (t-repeat$ dem&s made ^u ! memb]s 
( our ,e/abli%$ ,*ur*2 su* z1 to ent] ^u
 ! s]vice ( ,*ri/1 to %[ =? ,*ri/ 9 "o's
 life1 to foll[ ,jesus1 etc4 ,^!        
injunctions 7 br\ght home to me times   
)\t numb] ?r\gh ! zeal ( my fa!r z a    
tea*] ( o!rs & a liv] himself ( a       
,*ri/ian life4 ,:5 dem&s are made on a  
*ild :i* are 9 h>mony ) *ild nature1 he 
kn[s no reluctance 9 fulfill+ !m2 & z he
 receives !m entirely & unres]v$ly1 s   
also he complies ) !m entirely &        
unres]v$ly4 ,t ^! dem&s 7 s (t5 repeat$ 
conv9c$ me ( _! int5se importance2 b ,i 
felt at ! same "t ! difficulty1 or      
inde$1 z x seem$ to me1 ! impossibility 
( fulfill+ !m4 ,! inh]5t contradiction  
:i* ,i seem$ to p]ceive h]e9 ?rew me    
into great depression2 b at la/ ,i      
arriv$ at ! bless$ conviction t human   
nature is su* t x is n impossible = man 

to live ! life ( ,jesus 9 its purity1 & 
to %[ x =? to ! _w1 if he w only take ! 
"r way t[>ds x4  ,?is ?\ght1 :i*1 z (t5 
z x comes into my m9d1 c>ries me back   
ev5 n[ to ! sc5es & surr\nd+s ( my      
boyhood1 may h be5 n improbably among/ !
 la/ m5tal impressions ( ?is p]iod1 & x 
may fitly close1 !re=e1 ! n>rative ( my 
m5tal developm5t at ?is age4 ,x became1 
lat]1 ! po9t :]eon my :ole life h+$4  ,f
 :at ,i h said ( my boyi% inn] life1 x  
might be assum$ t my out] life 0 a happy
 & peaceful "o4 ,su* an assumption w\ld1
 h[ev]1 n be correct4 ,x seems z if x _h
 always be5 my fate to repres5t & comb9e
 ! h>de/ & %>pe/ contra/s4 ,my out] life
 0 really 9 complete contra/ ) my inn]4 
,i _h gr[n up )\t a "m2 my physical     
education _h be5 neglect$1 & 9          
consequ5ce ,i _h acquir$ _m a bad habit4
 ,i always lik$ to be do+ some?+ or     
ano!r1 b 9 my clumsy way ,i made mi/akes
 z to *oice ( mat]ials1 ( "t1 & ( place1
 & ?us (t5 incurr$ ! sev]e displeasure (
 my p>5ts4 ,i felt ?is1 be+ ( a s5sitive

 disposition1 m ke5ly & m p]si/5tly ?an 
my p>5ts2 ! m s z ,i felt myself g5]ally
 to blame 9 =m r ?an 9 sub/ance1 & 9 my 
inmo/ he>t ,i c\ld see !re 0 a po9t (   
view f :5ce my conduct w\ld seem1 9     
sub/ance at all ev5ts1 n altoge!r wrong1
 /ill less blamewor?y4 ,! motives       
assign$ to my actions 7 n ^? :i* actuat$
 me1 s f> z ,i c\ld tell2 & !           
consci\sness ( be+ misjudg$ made me     
really :at ,i _h be5 believ$ to be be=e1
 a ?or\ghly naughty boy4 ,out ( fe> (   
puni%m5t ,i hid ev5 ! mo/ h>mless       
actions1 & :5 ,i 0 que/ion$ ,i made     
untru?ful answ]s4  ,9 %ort1 ,i 0 set d[n
 z wick$1 & my fa!r1 :o _h n always "t  
to inve/igate ! ju/ice ( ! accusations  
aga9/ me1 rememb]$ only ! facts z !y 7  
repres5t$ to him4 ,my neglect$ *ildhood 
call$ =? ! ridicule ( o!rs2 :5 play+ )  
my /ep-bro!r1 ,i 0 always1 accord+ to my
 "m1 ! cause ( any?+ t w5t wrong4 ,z !  
m9d ( my p>5ts turn$ m & m away f me1 s 
on my side my life became m & m sep>at$ 
f !irs2 & ,i 0 ab&on$ to ! society ( p  

:o1 if my disposition _h n be5 s        
?or\ghly heal?y1 might h injur$ me ev5 m
 ?an !y did4 ,i long$ to escape f ?is   
unhappy /ate ( ?+s2 & ,i consid]$ my    
eld] bro!rs =tunate 9 be+ all ( !m away 
f home4 ,j at ?is melan*oly "t came home
 my elde/ bro!r4 ,he appe>$ to me z an  
angel ( deliv]ance1 = he recognis$ amid/
 my _m faults my bett] nature1 &        
protect$ me aga9/ ill-treatm5t4 ,he w5t 
away aga9 aft] a %ort /ay2 b ,i felt t  
my s\l 0 l9k$ to 81 !nce=?1 d[n to its  
inmo/ dep?s2 & inde$1 aft] 8 dea?1 ?is  
love ( m9e = him turn$ ! :ole c\rse ( my
 life4#aj  ,! boon 0 at la/ v\*saf$ me1 
& t at my greate/ ne$1 to leave my      
fa!r's h\se4 ,_h x be5 o!rwise1 !       
flagrant contradiction betwe5 my out] & 
inn] life mu/ necess>ily h develop$ !   
evil incl9ations :i* _h begun 9 e>ne/ to
 fa/5 ^u me4 ,a new life entirely       
diff]5t f ! =m] n[ op5$ be=e me4 ,i 0 t5
 ye>s & n9e mon?s old4 ,b ,i pause yet  
ano!r mom5t 9 ! contemplation ( ?is     
p]iod be=e ,i pass to its n>ration4 ,9  

ord] to be cle>ly und]/ood by y\r s]5e  
,highness1 :i* is v necess>y to me if ,i
 am to atta9 my object1 ,i w comp>e1 )  
y\r p]mission1 my =m] life ) my pres5t4 
,i %all endeav\r to %[ h[ ,i trace !    
connection ( my e>li] & my lat] life2 h[
 my e>li] life has prov$ = me ! means ( 
und]/&+ my lat]2 h[1 9 g5]al1 my own    
individual life has become to me a key  
to ! univ]sal life1 or1 9 %ort1 to :at  
,i call ! symbolic life & ! p]petual1   
condition$1 & unbrok5 *a9 ( exi/5ce4    
,s9ce1 ?r\gh\t ! p]iod :i* ,i h j       
describ$1 my inn] self1 my life & be+1  
my desires & endeav\rs1 7 n disc]n$ by  
my p>5ts1 s is x ) me n[ ) reg>d to     
c]ta9 ,g]man ,gov]nm5ts4#aa ,& j z my   
outw>d life !n 0 imp]fect & incomplete1 
?r\gh :i* incomplet5ess my inn] life 0  
misund]/ood1 s also n[ ! imp]fection &  
incomplet5ess ( my e/abli%m5t prev5t p f
 disc]n+ ! true nature1 ! basis1 !      
s\rce1 ! aim & purpose1 ( my desires &  
endeav\rs1 & f promot+ !m1 aft]         
recognis+ _! value1 9 a "r pr9cely &    

patriotic _s4  ,! misappreh5sion1 !     
oppression "u :i* ,i suff]$ 9 my e>ly   
ye>s1 prep>$ me to be> simil> evils lat]
 on1 & especially ^? :i* weigh ^u me 9 !
 pres5t circum/ances ( my life4 ,& z ,i 
see my pres5t private & public life & my
 de/9y reflect$ 9 a "p ( my =m] life1 j 
s d ,i read & trace ! pres5t univ]sal   
life 9 my =m] individual life4 ,moreov]1
 9 ! same way z ,i tri$ z *ild or boy to
 educate myself to be a wor?y man       
accord+ to ^? laws :i* ,god _h implant$1
 unkn[n to me1 )9 my nature1 s n[ d ,i  
/rive 9 ! same way1 accord+ to ! same   
laws1 & by ! same me?od1 to educate !   
*ildr5 ( my c\ntry4 ,t = :i* ,i /rove z 
a boy1 n yet consci\s ( any purpose2 !  
human race n[ /rives = ) equal          
unconsci\sness ( purpose1 b = all t none
 ! less truly4 ,! race is1 h[ev]1       
surr\nd$ by less fav\rable circum/ances 
?an ^? :i* influ5c$ me 9 my boyhood4    
,life 9 its great z well z 9 its small  
aspects1 9 humanity & ! human race z    
well z 9 ! individual 7ev5 ?\gh !       

individual man (t5 wilfully m>s 8 own   
exi/5ce7--life1 9 ! pres5t1 ! pa/1 & !  
future1 has always appe>$ to me z a     
great undivid$ :ole1 9 :i* "o ?+ is     
expla9$1 is ju/ifi$1 is condition$ &    
urg$ =w>d by ! o!r4  ,9 ord] t1 if x be 
possible1 !re %\ld rema9 no obscurity   
:atev] 9 my actions1 ?\ghts1 & life1 ,i 
%all proce$ to consid] !m all1 d[n to ! 
v late/ ev5t :i* has happ5$ to me2 t is1
 ! writ+-d[n ( ?is /atem5t ( my life =  
y\r ,highness4 ,my life exp]i5ce x is   
:i* urges me to d ?is2 n any :im or     
caprice4 ,common worldly wisdom w\ld    
*all5ge su* a /ep if x 7 kn[n2 no "o    
w\ld desire to take x1 no "o w\ld d>e to
 take x4 ,i d>e x1 & ,i d x1 because my 
*ildhood has taught me t :]e = tru/ we  
f9d di/ru/1 :]e = union we f9d division1
 :]e = belief we f9d d\bt1 !re b sad    
fruit w come to ! h>ve/1 & a burd5some &
 n>r[ life alone c foll[4  ,i return    
aga9 to ! n>rative ( ! developm5t ( my  
inn] & out] life4  ,a new exi/5ce n[    
began = me1 entirely oppos$ to t :i* ,i 

_h hi!rto l$4 ,an uncle on my "m's side 
came to visit u 9 ?is ye>2 he 0 a g5tle1
 affectionate man4#ab ,8 appe>ance among
 u made a mo/ agreeable impression ^u   
me4 ,?is uncle1 be+ a man ( exp]i5ce1   
may h notic$ ! adv]se influ5ces :i*     
surr\nd$ me2 = soon aft] 8 dep>ture he  
begg$ my fa!r by lett] to turn me ov] to
 him entirely4 ,my fa!r readily cons5t$1
 & t[>ds ! end ( ! ye> #agib ,i w5t to  
him4 ,he _h e>ly lo/ bo? wife & *ild1 & 
only 8 ag$ "m-9-law liv$ 9 8 h\se ) him4
 ,9 my fa!r's h\se sev]ity reign$       
supreme2 "h1 on ! contr>y1 mildness &   
k9dness held sway4 ,!re ,i enc\nt]$     
mi/ru/2 "h ,i 0 tru/$4 ,!re ,i 0 "u     
re/ra9t2 "h ,i _h lib]ty4 ,hi!rto ,i _h 
h>dly ev] be5 ) boys ( my own age2 "h ,i
 f\nd =ty s*oolfell[s1 = ,i jo9$ ! upp] 
class ( ! t[n s*ool4#ac  ,! little t[n (
 ,/adt-,ilm is situat$ 9 a some:at wide 
valley1 & on ! banks ( a small limpid   
/ream4#ad ,my uncle's h\se _h g>d5s     
atta*$1 into :i* ,i c\ld g if ,i lik$2 b
 ,i 0 also at lib]ty to roam all ov] !  

neighb\rhood1 if only ,i obey$ ! /rict  
rule ( ! h\se to return punctually at ! 
"t appo9t$4 ,"h ,i drank 9 fre%         
life-en]gy 9 long draughts2 = n[ ! :ole 
place 0 my playgr\nd1 :]eas =m]ly1 at   
home1 ,i _h be5 limit$ to our own walls4
 ,i ga9$ fre$om ( s\l & /r5g? ( body4   
,! cl]gyman :o taught u nev] int]f]$ )  
our games1 play$ at c]ta9 appo9t$       
playgr\nds1 & always ) great fun & _s4  
,deeply humiliat+ to me 7 ! frequ5t     
slights ,i receiv$ 9 our play1 aris+ f  
my be+ beh9d boys ( my age 9 bodily     
/r5g?1 & m especially 9 agility2 & all  
my da% & d>+ c\ld n replace ! robu/1    
/eady /r5g?1 & ! confid5t sur5ess ( aim 
:i* my companions possess$4 ,happy      
fell[s6 !y _h gr[n up 9 cont9ual ex]cise
 ( _! y\?ful boyi% /r5g?4 ,i felt myself
 exce$+ly =tunate :5 ,i _h at l5g? got s
 f> t my s*oolfell[s c\ld tol]ate me z a
 companion 9 _! games4 ,b :atev] ,i     
accompli%$ 9 ?is respect by practice1 by
 cont9ual ef=t ( w1 & by ! natural c\rse
 ( life1 ,i always felt myself          

physically defici5t 9 contra/ ) _!      
uncramp$ boyi% p[]s4 ,sett+ aside t :i* 
,i _h be5 robb$ ( by my previ\s         
education1 my new life 0 vigor\s &      
unfett]$ by ext]nal re/ra9t2 & !y tell  
me ,i made good use ( my opportunity4 ,!
 _w lay op5 be=e me1 z f> z ,i c\ld     
grasp x4 ,x may inde$ be because my     
pres5t life 0 z free & uncon/ra9$ z my  
=m] life _h be5 cramp$ & con/ra9$1 anyh[
 ! companions ( my y\? h rem9d$ me (    
sev]al incid5ts ( t "t :i* make me ?9k t
 my good spirits l$ me to ! bord]s (    
wildness & extravagance2 al?\gh z a boy 
,i consid]$ my demean\r quiet] by f> ?an
 t ( my companions ( my own age4 ,my    
communion ) ,nature1 sil5t hi!rto1 n[   
became fre] & m animat$4 ,& z1 at ! same
 "t1 my uncle's h\se 0 full ( peace &   
quiet contemplation1 ,i 0 able z ,i grew
 up to develop t side ( my "* also2 ?us 
on e side my life became h>moni\sly     
balanc$4  ,9 two places1 alike c5tres ( 
education1 ,i f\nd myself z be=e q at   
home1 ev5 ?\gh ,i 0 m frequ5tly ?an ev] 

! victim ( abs5ce ( m9d--,i mean ! *ur* 
& ! s*ool4 ,9 ! latt] ,i especially     
enjoy$ ! h\rs devot$ to religi\s        
in/ruction4 ,z ) my uncle himself1 & ) 8
 life1 s 0 x also ) 8 s]mons2 !y 7      
g5tle1 mild1 & full ( lov+k9dness4 ,i   
c\ld foll[ !m q readily1 & 9 ! ,monday  
repetition at s*ool ,i 0 able to give a 
good acc\nt ( !m4 ,b ! religi\s         
in/ruction ( our own s*ool-tea*]        
respond$ be/ to my ne$s2 all t ,i _h    
work$ out = myself 0 plac$ by him 9 a   
full] light1 & receiv$ f him a high]    
confirmation4 ,lat] 9 life1 :5 ,i _h    
gr[n to manhood1 ,i spoke ) my uncle on 
! excell5ce ( ?is tea*+1 & he made reply
 t x 0 inde$ v good1 b 0 too            
philosophical & ab/ruse = ^? to :om x 0 
address$2 = !e1 cont9u$ he1 x may h be5 
well suit$1 s9ce ?\ had/ already receiv$
 su* unusually good in/ruction f ?y     
fa!r4 ,let t be z x may1 ?is tea*+      
enlight5$1 animat$1 & w>m$ me1--nay1    
gl[$ )9 me till my he>t 0 completely    
melt$1 especially :5 x t\*$ ^u ! life1 !

 "w1 & ! "* ( ,jesus4 ,at ?is ,i w\ld   
bur/ into te>s1 & ! long+s to lead 9    
future a simil> life took def9ite =m1 & 
:olly fill$ my s\l4 ,:5 ,i n[ he> tales 
( ! ebullitions ( my y\?ful _s occurr+ 9
 t p]iod ( my life1 ,i _c help ?9k+ t !y
 mu/ h l$ sup]ficial obs]v]s to !       
errone\s op9ion t ! monitions & tea*+s (
 religion swept ov] my _s )\t leav+ a   
trace ( _! passage4 ,& yet h[ wrongly   
w\ld su* obs]v]s h judg$ ! true /ate (  
my inn] life6  ,! subjects be/ taught 9 
! s*ool ( ,/adt-,ilm 7 read+1 writ+1    
ari?metic1 & religion4 ,lat9 0 mis]ably 
taught1 & /ill worse le>nt4 ,"h1 z 9 s  
_m simil> s*ools1 ! tea*+ utt]ly lack$ !
 elucidation ( fir/ pr9ciples4 ,! "t    
sp5t on ,lat9 0 !re=e n wa/$ ^u me1 9 s 
f> t ,i le>nt f x t su* a me?od ( tea*+ 
c\ld be> no fruit among ! s*ol>s4       
,ari?metic 0 a v fav\rite /udy ( m9e2 & 
z ,i also receiv$ private tuition 9 ?is 
subject1 my progress 0 s rapid t ,i came
 to equal my tea*] bo? 9 !ory &         
practice1 al?\gh 8 atta9m5ts 7 by no    

means despicable4 ,b h[ a/oni%$ 0 ,i :51
 9 my tw5ty-?ird ye>1 ,i fir/ w5t to    
,yv]don1 & f\nd ,i c\ld n solve !       
que/ions !re be+ set to ! s*ol>s6 ,?is 0
 "o ( ! exp]i5ces :i* prepossess$ me s  
ke5ly 9 fav\r ( ,pe/alozzi's me?od (    
tea*+1 & decid$ me to beg9 ari?metic    
myself f ! v beg9n+ ov] aga91 accord+ to
 8 sy/em4 ,b m ( ?is lat]4  ,9 physical 
geography we repeat$ our tasks          
p>rot-wise1 speak+ mu* & kn[+ no?+2 = ! 
tea*+ on ?is subject _h n ! v lea/      
connection ) real life1 nor _h x any    
actuality = u1 al?\gh at ! same "t we   
c\ld rightly "n our little specks &     
pat*es ( col\r on ! map4 ,i receiv$     
private tuition 9 ?is subject also4 ,my 
tea*] wi%$ to advance fur!r ) me2 he    
took me to ,engl&4 ,i c\ld f9d no       
connection betwe5 t c\ntry & ! place &  
c\ntry 9 :i* ,i dwelt myself1 s t ( ?is 
in/ruction also ,i reta9$ b little4 ,z =
 actual in/ruction 9 ,g]man1 x 0 n to be
 ?\ght (2 b we receiv$ directions 9     
lett]-writ+ & 9 spell+4 ,i d n "k ) :at 

/udy ! tea*+ ( spell+ 0 connect$1 b ,i  
?9k x 0 n connect$ ) any2 x hov]$ 9 !   
air4 ,i _h lessons1 fur!rmore1 9 s++ & 9
 pian(orte play+1 b )\t result4 ,i m]ely
 m5tion all ?is n[1 9 ord] to be able to
 ref] to x lat] on4  ,my life ! :ole "t 
( my /ay ) my uncle _h ?ree aspects3 !  
religi\s life develop+ & build+ up my   
moral be+2 ! ext]nal life made up (     
boyi% play1 into :i* ,i ?rew my :ole    
en]gy2 & ! life ( ?\ght quietly %[+     
itself )9 my uncle's peaceful home4 ,to 
?is la/ influ5ce also ,i yield$ myself )
 equal e>ne/ness1 & felt no suspicion ( 
! app>5t contradiction :i* my outw>d    
life exhibit$ to su* a mood4 ,l my      
s*ool-fell[s1 ,i liv$ )\t control2 z f> 
z ,i saw or felt1 ,i 0 untrammell$2 &   
yet ,i d n call to m9d t any ( u ev]    
committ$ a s]i\sly culpable action4  ,"h
 ,i am oblig$ to m5tion some?+ :i* z an 
educationi/ ,i c by no means pass       
lightly by4 ,we receiv$ in/ruction f two
 s*oolma/]s3 "o 0 p$antic & rigid2 !    
o!r1 m especially our class-tea*]       

7conrector71 0 l>ge-he>t$ & free4 ,!    
fir/ nev] _h any influ5ce ov] 8 class2 !
 second c\ld d :atev] he pleas$ ) u1 &  
if he _h b set 8 m9d to x1 or p]haps if 
he _h be5 aw>e ( 8 p[]1 he might h done 
"s ?or\ghly good s\nd "w ) 8 class4 ,9 !
 little t[n ( ,/adt-,ilm 7 two m9i/]s1  
bo? ephors#ae ( ! s*ool4 ,my uncle1 !   
pr9cipal m9i/]1 0 mild1 g5tle1 &        
k9d-he>t$1 impressive 9 daily life z 9 8
 sacr$ (fice or 9 ! pulpit2 ! o!r m9i/] 
0 rigid ev5 to /]nness1 frequ5tly scold+
 & ord]+ u ab\t4 ,! fir/ l$ u ) a       
glance4 ,a ^w f him1 & surely few 7 s   
bruti% z to refuse t ^w admittance to _!
 he>t4 ,! long exhortations ( ! o!r w5t1
 = ! mo/ "p1 ov] our heads1 leav+ no    
trace beh9d4 ,l my fa!r1 my uncle 0 a   
true %eph]d ( 8 flock2 b a g5tle        
lov+k9dness to all mank9d reign$ 9 him4 
,my fa!r 0 mov$ by ! conviction ( !     
rectitude ( 8 actions2 he 0 e>ne/ &     
sev]e4 ,bo? h be5 dead ov] tw5ty ye>s2 b
 h[ diff]5t is ! _s !y h left beh9d     
among/ _! congregations4 ,"h1 !y are    

glad at be+ releas$ f s /rict a control1
 &1 if ,i am rightly in=m$1 unbridl$    
lic5se has sprung up among/ !m2 !re1 !  
little t[n raises itself to high] & ev] 
high] prosp]ity1 & all ?+s are made to  
s]ve t[>ds m5tal culture1 z well z t[>ds
 a "r citiz5-l bus9ess activity4 ,i     
p]mit myself ?is digression1 because ^! 
results 7 p>allel$ z a life-exp]i5ce 9  
my own life4  ,9 ?is mann] ,i liv$1 up  
to my confirmation2 all b a few weeks1 t
 is1 :i* ,i sp5t at my p>5ts' h\se dur+ 
! long holidays4 ,"h1 too1 ev]y?+ seem$ 
to take a g5tl] turn1 & ! dome/ic1      
?rifty activity :i* fill$ ! place1 &    
always /ruck me anew 9 my p]iodical     
visits home1 wr\ght ^u me ) mo/         
b5eficial effect4 ,! copp]-plate        
engrav+s 9 my fa!r's libr>y 7 ! fir/ ?+s
 ,i s\ght out1 especially ^? repres5t+  
sc5es 9 ! hi/ory ( ! _w4 ,a table %[+   
our 7,g]man7 alphabet 9 its relations ) 
_m o!rs made a surpris+ impression ^u   
me4 ,x enabl$ me to recognise !         
connection & ! d]ivation ( our lett]s f 

! old ,pho5ician *>act]s4 ,?is gave me a
 dim conception ( ! inn] connection (   
all ^? languages ( :i*1 z my bro!r _h   
/udi$ & 0 /ill /udy+ !m1 ,i (t5 he>d1 & 
saw 9 pr9t4 ,especially ! ,greek        
language lo/ mu* ( its /rang5ess 9 my   
eyes1 n[ t ,i c\ld recognise its *>act]s
 9 ! ,g]man alphabet4 ,all ?is1 h[ev]1  
_h no imm$iate consequ5ce 9 my life2 ^! 
?+s1 z e*oes f my y\?1 produc$ _! effect
 ^u me at a lat] "t4  ,at ?is "t1 too1  
,i read all sorts ( boys' books4 ,! /ory
 ( ,samuel ,lawill impress$ me mo/      
vividly2 ,i1 too1 long$ = su* a r+1 :i* 
by its w>n+ pressure on my f+] c\ld h9d]
 my h& f effect+ unwor?y purposes1 & ,i 
0 v angry ) ! y\?ful own] ( ! r+ 9 !    
/ory1 :o ?rew x away 9 irritation       
because x press$ him "r h>d at a mom5t  
:5 he wi%$ to commit a passionate       
de$4#af  ,my confirmation1 & !          
prep>ation = x1 all conduct$ by my      
uncle1 0 ov]4 ,i _h receiv$ f x ! mo/   
impressive & ! mo/ f>-rea*+ influ5ce 9  
my :ole life1 & all my life-?reads f\nd 

9 x _! po9t ( union & repose4 ,i _h n[  
to be prep>$ = "s bus9ess call+1 & ! "q 
0 rais$1 = :i*8 ,t ,i %\ld n /udy at !  
univ]sity _h already be5 decid$ long    
be=e by ! express det]m9ation ( my      
/ep-"m4 ,= s9ce two ( my bro!rs#ag _h   
devot$ !mselves to /udy1 %e fe>$ t !    
fur!r additional exp5se w\ld be too     
heavy a burd5 ^u my fa!r's means4 ,x may
 be t ?is int5tion _h already influ5c$ &
 limit$ my :ole c\rse ( in/ruction2 &   
probably only ! little n>r[ circle (    
future bus9ess aims _h be5 consid]$2 !  
eye _h n look$ ^u ! boy z a future man4 
,possibly f ?is cause ,i 0 kept s little
 to ,lat92 x 0 en\gh if ,i le>nt1 z our 
mode ( expression ran1 to /ate a ,casus 
7t is1 to decl9e a n\n74 ,f my own      
exp]i5ce x 0 ?us %[n to me h[ em95tly   
injuri\s x is 9 education & 9 in/ruction
 to consid] only a c]ta9 circle ( future
 activities or a c]ta9 rank 9 life4 ,!  
we>isome old-fa%ion$ education ad hoc 7t
 is1 = "s "o special purpose7 has always
 left _m a noble p[] ( man's nature     

unawak5$4  ,a c>e] 9 our c\ntry         
frequ5tly *os5 by ! wor?ie/ & mo/ anxi\s
 p>5ts = _! sons is t ( a po/ 9 !       
,treasury & ,ex*equ]4 ,aspirants to su* 
a po/ h two means ( ent]+ & two         
/>t+-po9ts 9 ?is c>e]2 ei!r !y become a 
cl]k to "o ( ! m9or (ficials 9 !        
,treasury or ,ex*equ]1 or ! p]sonal     
s]vant ( "o ( ! highe/ (ficials4 ,z my k
 ( writ+ & figures seem$ to my fa!r     
satisfactory & suffici5t = su* a po/1 & 
z he knew well t x might lead1 n m]ely  
to a life free f pecuni>y c>es1 b ev5 to
 weal? & =tune1 he *ose ?is c>e] z m9e4 
,b ! m9or ,treasury (ficial :o might h  
f\nd employm5t = su* a "y man1 %[$ v>i\s
 reasons :y he c\ld n or w\ld n z yet   
receive me z a cl]k4 ,!re 0 some?+ 9 my 
nature :i* revolt$ aga9/ ! second mode  
,i h m5tion$ ( ent]+ ?is c>e]2 some?+   
:i* ,i nev] aft]w>ds exp]i5c$1 b :i* at 
! "t absolutely prev5t$ me f *oos+ su* a
 mode ( />t+ 9 my future pr(ession1 & t 
9 spite ( ! mo/ allur+ hopes t 7 held   
out to me4 ,my fa!r meant well & hone/ly

 by me1 b fate rul$ x aga9/ him4        
,/rangely en\gh1 x happ5$ t 9 my lat]   
capacity ( s*oolma/]1 ,i became !       
educator & tea*] ( two ( ! nephews ( t v
 man into ^: s]vice my fa!r _h meant to 
h s5t me2 & ,i hope to ,god t ,i h be5 (
 great] s]vice to t family by fill+ !   
he>t & bra9 ( ^! "y p ) good & useful   
notions ?an if ,i _h bru%$ ! clo!s &    
%oes ( _! uncle1 & spread 8 table )     
sav\ry di%es4 ,9 ! latt] case1 v likely 
an ext]nally easy & happy exi/5ce might 
h be5 m9e1 :]eas n[ ,i wage a con/ant   
fight ) c>es & difficulties4  ,suffice x
 to say1 ?is c>e] 0 clos$ to me2 a      
second 0 propos$ by my "m1 b f ?is my   
fa!r deliv]$ me by express+ a decid$    
disapproval4  ,my own desires &         
incl9ations 7 n[ at la/ consult$4 ,i    
want$ to be an agriculturi/ 9 ! full    
mean+ ( ! ^w2 = ,i lov$ m\nta91 field1 &
 =e/2 & ,i he>d also t to le>n any?+    
solid 9 ?is occupation "o mu/ be well   
acqua9t$ ) geometry & l&-survey+4 ,f :at
 ,i _h le>nt ( ! latt] by snat*es n[ &  

!n1 ! prospect ( kn[+ m ab\t x delight$ 
me mu*2 & ,i c>$ n :e!r ,i began )      
=e/ry1 ) f>m+1 or ) geometry &          
l&-survey+4 ,my fa!r tri$ to f9d a      
position = me2 b ! f>m]s ask$ too high a
 premium4 ,j at ?is "t he became        
acqua9t$ ) a =e/] :o _h also a          
consid]able reputation z l&-surveyor &  
valu]4 ,!y soon came to t]ms1 & ,i 0    
appr5tic$ to ?is man = two ye>s1 to le>n
 =e/ry1 valu+1 geometry1 & l&-survey+4  
,i 0 fifte5 ye>s & a half old :5 ,i     
became an appr5tice to ! =e/]1 on       
,midsumm] ,day #agig4  ,x 0 two days'   
j\rney f my home to ! =e/]'s1 = 8       
di/rict 0 n 9 our c\ntry4 ,! man (t5    
gave me pro(s ( 8 ?or\gh & _m-sid$ k2 b 
he did n und]/& ! art ( convey+ 8 k to  
o!rs1 especially because :at he knew he 
_h acquir$ only by d9t ( actual         
exp]i5ce4#ah ,fur!r1 "s "w (            
timb]-float+#ai ) :i* he _h be5 entru/$ 
h9d]$ him f devot+ to me ! /ipulat$ "t  
necess>y = my in/ruction4  ,z soon z ,i 
saw ?is q cle>ly1 my own activity ( m9d 

urg$ me to make use ( ! really excell5t 
books on =e/ry & geometry :i* ,i f\nd   
ly+ to my h&4 ,i also made acqua9tance )
 ! doctor ( a little t[n ne> by1 :o     
/udi$ natural sci5ce = 8 amusem5t2 & ?is
 fri5d l5t me books on botany1 ?r\gh :i*
 ,i le>nt also ab\t o!r plants ?an j ^? 
( ! =e/4 ,a great deal ( my "t dur+ !   
abs5ce ( ! =e/] 7:5 ,i 0 left q to      
myself7 ,i devot$ to mak+ a sort ( map (
 ! neighb\rhood ,i liv$ 92 b botany 0 my
 special occupation4 ,my life z =e/]'s  
appr5tice 0 a f\r-fold "o3 fir/ly1 !re 0
 ! homeli] & m practical side ( life2 !n
 ! life sp5t ) ,nature1 especially      
=e/-nature2 !n also a life ( ! /udy1    
devot$ to "w at ma!matics & languages2 &
 la/ly1 ! "t sp5t 9 ga9+ a k ( plants4  
,my *os5 pr(ession & ! o!r circum/ances 
( my position might h br\ght me into    
contact ) _m k9ds ( m52 b nev]!less my  
life rema9$ retir$ & solit>y4 ,my       
religi\s *ur* life n[ *ang$ to a        
religi\s communion ) ,nature1 & 9 ! la/ 
half-ye> ,i liv$ entirely among/ & ) my 

plants1 :i* drew me t[>ds !m )          
fasc9ation1 not)/&+ t z yet ,i _h no    
s5se ( ! inn] life ( ! plant _w4        
,collect+ & dry+ specim5s ( plants 0 a  
"w ,i prosecut$ ) ! greate/ c>e4        
,altoge!r ?is "t ( my life 0 devot$ 9 _m
 v>i\s ways to self-education1          
self-in/ruction1 & moral advancem5t4    
,especially did ,i love to indulge my   
old habit ( self-obs]vation &           
introspection4  ,i mu/ m5tion yet ano!r 
ev5t ( ! greate/ importance f ! po9t (  
view ( my inn] life4 ,an h\r's walk f   
:]e ,i !n liv$ 0 a small c\ntry t[n4 ,a 
company ( /roll+ actors arriv$ !re1 &   
play$ 9 ! pr9ce's ca/le 9 ! t[n4 ,aft]  
,i _h se5 "o ( _! p]=mances1 h>dly any (
 ^? :i* foll[$ pass$ )\t my att5dance4  
,^! p]=mances made a deep & lively      
impression ^u me1 & ?is ! m t ,i felt z 
if my s\l at la/ receiv$ n\ri%m5t = :i* 
x _h long hung]$4 ,! impressions ?us    
ga9$ la/$ s mu* ! long]1 & _h s mu* !   
great] influ5ce on my self-culture1 9 t 
aft] ea* p]=mance my h\r's walk home by 

d>k or 9 ! />light all[$ me to          
recapitulate :at ,i _h he>d1 & s to     
dige/ ! mean+ ( ! play4 ,i rememb]      
especially h[ deeply a p]=mance (       
,iffl&'s ,huntsm5 mov$ me1 & h[ x       
inspir$ me ) firm moral resolutions1 :i*
 ,i impr9t$ deep 9 my m9d "u ! light ( !
 />s4 ,my int]e/ 9 ! play made me seek  
acqua9tance ) ! actors1 & especially )  
"o ( !m1 an e>ne/ "y man :o attract$ my 
att5tion1 & to :om ,i spoke ab\t 8      
pr(ession4 ,i congratulat$ him on be+ a 
memb] ( su* a company1 able to call up  
su* ennobl+ s5tim5ts 9 ! human s\l2     
p]haps ev5 express$ a wi% t ,i c\ld     
become a memb] ( su* a company4 ,!n !   
hone/ fell[ describ$ ! pr(ession ( an   
actor z a brilliant1 deceitful mis]y1 & 
confess$ to me t he _h be5 only =c$ by  
necessity to adopt ?is pr(ession1 & t he
 0 soon ab\t to ab&on x4 ,once aga9 ,i  
le>n$ by ?is to divide cause f effect1  
int]nal f ext]nal ?+s4 ,my visits to !  
play br\ght ^u me a mo/ unpleasant      
exp]i5ce1 = my fa!r1 :5 ,i spoke to him 

)\t concealm5t ( my playgo+1 reproa*$ me
 v bitt]ly = x4 ,he look$ ^u my conduct 
z des]v+ ! highe/ puni%m5t1 :i* 0 9     
absolute contradiction ) my own view2 = 
,i plac$ ! b5efit ,i _h d]iv$ f my      
att5dance at ! play side by side ) :at  
,i _h receiv$ by my att5dance at *ur*1 &
 express$ some?+ ( ! k9d to my fa!r4 ,z 
(t5 happ5$ 9 lat] life1 s also on ?is   
occasion x 0 my elde/ bro!r :o 0 !      
m$iator betwe5 my fa!r & myself4  ,on   
,midsumm] ,day #agii my appr5tice%ip    
came to an end4 ,! =e/]1 :o c\ld n[ h   
made my practical k ( s]vice to himself1
 wi%$ to keep me ano!r ye>4 ,b ,i _h by 
?is "t acquir$ high] views2 ,i wi%$ to  
/udy ma!matics & botany m ?or\ghly1 & ,i
 0 n to be kept back f my purpose4 ,:5  
my appr5tice%ip 0 ov] ,i left him1 &    
return$ to my fa!r's h\se4  ,my ma/]    
knew well t he _h n done 8 duty t[>ds   
me1 & ) ?is probably humiliat+          
consci\sness be=e him1 & 9 spite ( !    
?or\ghly satisfactory te/imonial t he   
gave me1 he committ$ a v mean action    

aga9/ me4 ,he did n "k any?+ ab\t my    
private /udy2 = in/ance1 my completely  
work+ ?r\gh "s elem5t>y ma!matical      
books1 :i* ,i _h f\nd myself q well able
 to und]/&4 ,besides1 he 0 dissatisfi$ t
 ,i w\ld n /ay ano!r ye> ) him4 ,he     
!re=e s5t a lett] to my fa!r1 9 :i* he  
compla9$ bitt]ly ( my conduct1 & %ift$ !
 blame ( my ignorance ( my call+        
entirely on to my %\ld]s4 ,?is lett]    
actually arriv$ at home be=e ,i did2 &  
my fa!r s5t x on to my elde/ bro!r1 :o 0
 m9i/] 9 a village ?r\gh :i* ,i _h to   
pass on my way home4 ,soon aft] ,i rea*$
 my bro!r's h\se he communicat$ to me ! 
cont5ts ( ?is inculpatory lett]4 ,i     
cle>$ myself by expos+ ! unconsci5ti\s  
behavi\r ( my ma/]1 & by %[+ my private 
"w4 ,i !n wrote a reply to my ma/]1     
cle>ly refut+ all 8 accusations1 &      
exhibit+ on ! o!r h& 8 behavi\r t[>ds   
me2 & ) ?is ,i satisfi$ my fa!r & my    
bro!r4 ,b ! latt] reproa*$ me = hav+    
suff]$ wrongdo+ s long )\t compla9t4 ,to
 t ,i gave ! simple answ]1 t my fa!r1 at

 ! beg9n+ ( my appr5tice%ip1 _h told me 
n to come to him ) any compla9t1 z ,i   
%\ld nev] be li/5$ to1 b %\ld be        
consid]$ z wrong be=eh&4 ,my bro!r1 :o  
knew my fa!r's sev]ity & 8 views on su* 
po9ts1 0 sil5t4 ,b my "m saw 9 "o       
decl>ation ( ! =e/] ! confirmation ( h] 
own op9ion ab\t me4 ,! =e/] decl>$1 t if
 ev] any?+ 0 made ( me1 ! same good     
=tune might be told ( ! fir/-com] )\t   
fur!r tr\ble1 & my "m ass5t$ he>tily to 
8 op9ion4   ,?us disappe>$ once m !     
light1 ! sun%9e1 :i* _h gladd5$ me ) its
 w>m?1 especially 9 ! m rec5t "p ( my   
life4 ,! w+s ( my m9d1 :i* _h begun to  
flutt] ( !mselves1 7 aga9 b\nd1 & my    
life once m appe>$ all cold & h>% be=e  
me4 ,!n x happ5$ t my fa!r _h to s5d "s 
money to my bro!r 7,traugott71 :o 0     
/udy+ m$ic9e 9 ,j5a4 ,! matt] press$2 s1
 z ,i _h no?+ to d1 x 0 decid$ t ,i %\ld
 be ! mess5g]4  ,:5 ,i rea*$ ,j5a ,i 0  
seiz$ by ! /irr+ intellectual life ( !  
place1 & ,i long$ to rema9 !re a little 
"t4 ,eight weeks ( ! summ] half-ye>'s   

session ( #agii yet rema9$4 ,my bro!r   
wrote to my fa!r t ,i c\ld fill t "t    
usefully & pr(itably 9 ,j5a1 & 9        
consequ5ce ( ?is lett] ,i 0 p]mitt$ to  
/ay4 ,i took lessons 9 map & plan-draw+1
 & ,i devot$ all ! "t ,i _h to ! "w4 ,at
 ,mi*aelmas ,i w5t home ) my bro!r1 & my
 /ep-"m obs]v$ t ,i c\ld n[ fairly say  
,i _h pass$ ?r\gh ! univ]sity4 ,b ,i    
?\ght diff]5tly2 my intellig5ce & my s\l
 _h be5 /imulat$ 9 _m ways1 & ,i        
express$ my wi% to my fa!r to be all[$  
to /udy f9ance !re1 ?us return+ to my   
previ\s c>e]4 ,my fa!r 0 will+ to give 8
 p]mission if ,i c\ld tell him h[ to f9d
 ! means4 ,i possess$ a v small prop]ty 
inh]it$ f my "m1 b ,i ?\ght x w\ld be   
insuffici5t4 ,h[ev]1 aft] hav+ conf]r$ )
 my bro!r1 ,i talk$ x ov] ) my fa!r4 ,i 
0 /ill a m9or1 & !re=e _h to ask !      
cons5t ( my tru/ee to realise my        
prop]ty2 b z soon z ,i _h obta9$ ?is ,i 
w5t z a /ud5t to ,j5a1 9 #agii4 ,i 0 !n 
sev5te5 ye>s & a half old4  ,a          
te/imonial f my fa!r atte/+ my capacity 

= ! curriculum procur$ me matriculation 
)\t difficulty4 ,my matriculation       
c]tificate call$ me a /ud5t (           
philosophy1 :i* seem$ v /range1 because 
,i _h set be=e me z ! object ( my /udies
 practical k2 & z to philosophy1 ( :i*  
,i _h s (t5 he>d1 ,i _h =m$ a v high    
idea ( x4 ,! ^w made a great impression 
^u my dreamy1 easily-excit$1 & receptive
 nature4 ,al?\gh ! impression disappe>$ 
almo/ z soon z conceiv$1 x gave1 h[ev]1 
high] & unexpect$ relations to my       
/udies4  ,! lectures ,i he>d 7 only ^?  
:i* promis$ to be useful 9 ! c>e] ,i _h 
n[ aga9 embrac$4 ,i he>d lectures on    
appli$ ma!matics1 ari?metic1 algebra1   
geometry1 m9]alogy1 botany1 natural     
hi/ory1 physics1 *emi/ry1 acc\nts1      
cultivation ( =e/ trees & managem5t (   
=e/s1 ar*itecture1 h\se-build+1 &       
l&-survey+4 ,i cont9u$ topographical    
draw+4 ,i he>d no?+ purely !oretical    
except ma!matics2 & ( philosophical     
tea*+ & ?\ght ,i le>nt only s mu* z !   
int]c\rse ( univ]sity life br\ght ) x2 b

 x 0 precisely ?r\gh ?is int]c\rse t ,i 
receiv$ 9 v>i\s ways a _m-sid$          
intellectual impulse4 ,i usually grasp$ 
:at _h be5 taught2 ! m ?or\ghly s9ce1   
?r\gh my previ\s life1 ,i _h become well
 acqua9t$ ) ! pr9cipal subjects1 &      
already knew _! relation to practical   
"w4  ,"s ( ! lectures 7 almo/ easy =    
me--= in/ance1 ^? on ma!matics4 ,i h    
always be5 able to p]ceive ) ease &     
pleasure relations ( geometrical figures
 & ( planes2 s t x seem$ inexplicable to
 me t e f>m] %\ld n be equally capable (
 und]/&+ !m4 ,?is ,i _h said be=e to my 
bro!r1 :o tri$ to give me an            
explanation2 b ,i did n yet grasp x4 ,i 
_h expect$ ,i don't "k exactly :at1 b   
c]ta9ly some?+ high]1 some?+ gr&iose2 v 
likely ,i _h expect$ some?+ ) m life 9  
x4 ,! ma!matical c\rse1 !re=e1 at fir/  
seem$ to me unimportant2 b lat] on ,i   
f\nd t ,i1 also1 c\ld n foll[ e detail4 
,h[ev]1 ,i did n ?9k mu* ( ?is1 because 
,i readily und]/ood ! g5]al mean+1 & ,i 
said to myself t p>ticul> cases w\ld n  

cause me any m5tal fatigue if ,i f\nd x 
necess>y to le>n !m4  ,! lectures ( my  
excell5t tea*] 7 n s useful to me z !y  
might h be51 if ,i c\ld h se5 9 ! c\rse 
( in/ruction & 9 its progress some:at m 
( necess>y connection & less ( arbitr>y 
arrangem5t4 ,?is want ( necess>y        
connection 0 ! reason ( ! imm$iate      
dislike ,i always took to e c\rse (     
in/ruction4 ,i felt x ev5 9 pure        
ma!matics1 /ill m 0 x ! case 9 appli$   
ma!matics1 & mo/ ( all 9 exp]im5tal     
physics4 ,"h x seem$ to me z if ev]y?+ 7
 arrang$ 9 arbitr>y s]ies1 s t f ! v    
fir/ ,i f\nd ?is /udy a fatigue4 ,!     
exp]im5ts fail$ to arre/ my att5tion4 ,i
 desir$ & s\ght aft] "s inn] connection 
betwe5 ! ph5om5a1 d$uc$ f & expla9$ by  
"s simple root pr9ciples4 ,b t 0 ! v    
po9t )held f me4 ,ma!matical            
demon/rations came l halt+ mess5g]s2 !y 
only became cle> to ! m9d's eye :5 !    
tru? to be demon/rat$ lay be=e me       
already 9 all its liv+ /r5g?4 ,on ! o!r 
h&1 my att5tion 0 rivet$ by ! /udy (    

gravitation1 ( =ce1 ( weight1 :i* 7 liv+
 ?+s to me1 because ( _! evid5t relation
 to actual facts4  ,9 me*anics 7natural 
philosophy7 ,i c\ld n und]/& :y s _m ( !
 s-call$ me*anical p[]s 7 assum$1 & :y  
sev]al ( !m 7 n r$uc$ to cases ( !      
incl9$ plane4  ,9 m9]alogy my previ\s   
education _h left _m gaps unfill$1      
especially z reg>ds ! p[]s ( obs]vation4
 ,i 0 fond ( m9]al specim5s1 & gave     
myself mu* tr\ble to compreh5d _! sev]al
 prop]ties2 b 9 consequ5ce ( my         
defective prep>ation ,i f\nd insup]able 
difficulties 9 my way1 & p]ceiv$ !reby t
 neglect is nei!r quickly nor lightly to
 be repair$4 ,! mo/ assidu\s practice 9 
obs]vation fail$ to make my sight s     
quick & s accurate z x ought to h be5 = 
my purpose4 ,at t "t ,i fail$ to        
appreh5d ! fact ( my defici5t quickness 
( sight2 x ought to h taught me mu*1 b  
,i 0 n prep>$ to le>n ! lesson4         
,*emi/ry fasc9at$ me4 ,! excell5t tea*] 
7,goettl+7 always demon/rat$ ! true     
connection ( ! ph5om5a "u consid]ation2 

& ! !ory ( *emical aff9ity took /rong   
hold ^u me4  ,note-tak+ at ^! lectures 0
 a ?+ ,i nev] ?\ght ( do+2 = t :i* ,i   
und]/ood =?) became a "p ( me1 & t :i*  
,i fail$ to und]/& seem$ to me n wor?   
writ+ d[n4 ,i h (t5 felt sorry = x s9ce4
 ,b z reg>ds ?is po9t1 ,i h always _h   
?r\gh my :ole life ! p]fectly cle>      
conviction t :5 ,i _h ma/]$ a :ole      
subject 9 its intimate relations ,i c\ld
 g back ^u1 & !n und]/&1 details :i* at 
! "t ( he>+ _h be5 un9telligible to me4 
,9 botany ,i _h a cle>-sight$1 k9d-he>t$
 tea*] 7,bats*74 ,8 natural sy/em (     
botany#bj gave me great satisfaction1   
al?\gh ,i _h always a pa9ful p]ception (
 h[ mu* /ill rema9$ = him to classify4  
,h[ev]1 my view ( ,nature z "o :ole     
became by 8 means sub/antially cle>]1 & 
my love = ! obs]vation ( ,nature 9      
detail became m animat$4 ,i %all always 
?9k ( him ) gratitude4 ,he 0 also my    
tea*] 9 natural hi/ory4 ,two pr9ciples t
 he enunciat$ seiz$ ^u me ) special =ce1
 & seem$ to me valid4 ,! fir/ 0 !       

conception ( ! mutual relation%ip ( all 
animals1 ext5d+ l a network 9 all       
directions2 & ! second 0 t ! skeleton or
 bony framework ( fi%es1 birds1 & m5 0  
"o & ! same 9 plan1 & t ! skeleton ( man
 %\ld be consid]$ z ! fundam5tal type   
:i* ,nature /rove to produce ev5 9 ! l[]
 =ms ( creation4#ba ,i 0 always highly  
delight$ ) 8 expositions1 = !y sugge/$  
ideas to me :i* bore fruit bo? 9 my     
intellig5ce & 9 my emotional nature4    
,inv>iably1 :5ev] ,i grasp$ !           
int]-connection & unity ( ph5om5a1 ,i   
felt ! long+s ( my _s & ( my s\l 7      
fulfill$4  ,i easily und]/ood ! o!r     
c\rses ,i att5d$1 & 0 able to take a    
compreh5sive glance ov] ! subjects ( :i*
 !y treat$4 ,i _h se5 build+ go+ on1 &  
_h myself assi/$ 9 build+1 9 plant+1    
etc42 "h1 !re=e1 ,i c\ld take notes1 &  
write complete & satisfactory memor&a ( 
! lectures4  ,my /ay 9 ,j5a _h taught me
 mu*2 by no means s mu* z x ought to h  
taught me1 b yet ,i _h won = myself a   
/&po9t1 bo? subjective & objective4 ,i  

c\ld already p]ceive unity 9 div]sity1 !
 correlation ( =ces1 ! int]connection ( 
all liv+ ?+s1 life 9 matt]1 & !         
pr9ciples ( physics & biology4  ,"o ?+ m
 ,i h to br+ =w>d f ?is p]iod4 ,up till 
n[ my life _h met ) no sympa!tic        
recognition o!r ?an ! e/eem :i* ,i _h   
enjoy$ ( ! c\ntry physician dur+ my     
appr5tice%ip--he :o enc\rag$ me to /udy 
natural sci5ce1 & smoo!d away = me _m a 
difficulty4 ,b n[ su* sympa?y 0 de/9$ to
 (f] itself z a means ( education &     
improvem5t4 ,= !re 7 9 ,j5a j !n two    
sci5tific associations1 "o = natural    
hi/ory & botany1 ! o!r = m9]alogy1 z x 0
 !n call$4 ,_m ( ! "y /ud5ts1 :o _h %[n 
liv+ int]e/ & done active "w 9 natural  
sci5ce1 7 invit$ to become memb]s by !  
,presid5t1 & ?is elevat+ pleasure 0 also
 (f]$ to me4 ,at ! mom5t ,i c]ta9ly     
possess$ few qualifications = memb]%ip2 
! mo/ ,i c\ld say 0 t my faculty =      
arrang+ & classify+ might be made ( "s  
use 9 ! ,natural ,hi/ory ,society1 &    
?is1 inde$1 actually came to pass4      

,al?\gh my admission to ?is society _h  
no great effect ^u my lat] life1 because
 x 0 dissolv$ at ! dea? ( its f\nd]1 &  
,i did n keep up my acqua9tance ) ! o!r 
memb]s aft]w>ds1 yet x awak5$ t ye>n+   
t[>ds high] sci5tific k :i* n[ began to 
make itself =cibly felt )9 me4  ,dur+ my
 resid5ce at ! univ]sity ,i liv$ 9 a v  
retir$ & economical way2 my imp]fect    
education1 my disposition1 & ! /ate ( my
 purse alike contribut+ to ?is4 ,i      
seldom appe>$ at places ( public resort1
 & 9 my res]v$ way ,i made my bro!r     
7,traugott7 my only companion2 he 0     
/udy+ m$ic9e 9 ,j5a dur+ ! fir/ ye> ( my
 resid5ce !re4#bb ,! !atre alone1 ( :i* 
,i 0 /ill passionately fond1 ,i visit$  
n[ & !n4 ,9 ! second ye> ( ?is fir/     
/ud5t%ip1 9 spite ( my quiet life1 ,i   
f\nd myself 9 an awkw>d position4 ,x    
began1 inde$1 ) my entrance into !      
univ]sity1 b did n come to a head till  
my ?ird half-ye>4 ,:5 ,i w5t to !       
univ]sity1 my fa!r gave me a bank draft 
= a small am\nt to cov] my exp5ses1 n   

only = ! fir/ half-ye>1 b = ! entire    
resid5ce1 ,i ?9k4 ,my bro!r1 :o1 z ,i   
said1 0 ) me at ,j5a = ! fir/ ye>1 wi%$ 
me to l5d him "p ( my all[ance1 all (   
:i* ,i did n !n require1 :]eas he 0 = ! 
mom5t 9 difficulties4 ,he hop$ soon to  
be able to repay me ! money4 ,i gladly  
gave him ! great] "p ( my little draft2 
b un=tunately ,i c\ld n get ! money     
back1 & !re=e f\nd myself 9 great] &    
great] difficulties4 ,my position became
 t]ribly urg5t2 my small all[ance _h    
come to an end by ! close ( ! fir/ ye>1 
b ,i c\ld n br+ myself to leave !       
univ]sity1 especially n[ t a ye>n+ =    
sci5tific k _h seiz$ me1 & ,i hop$ =    
great ?+s f my /udies4 ,besides1 ,i     
?\ght t my fa!r might be induc$ to      
support me at ! univ]sity ano!r         
half-ye>4  ,my fa!r w\ld he> no?+ ( ?is 
s f> z he 0 conc]n$2 & my tru/ee w\ld n 
agree to ! conditions (f]$ by my fa!r   
7to cov] an advance72 s ,i _h to pay !  
p5alty ( _! ob/9acy4  ,t[>ds ! end ( my 
?ird half-ye> ! urg5cy ( my difficulties

 increas$4 ,i ow$ ! keep] ( an eat+-h\se
 7= meals7 ?irty ?al]s1 if ,i am n      
mi/ak54 ,z ?is man _h caus$ me to be    
summon$ = paym5t sev]al times be=e !    
,s5ate ( ! ,univ]sity1 & ,i _h nev] be5 
able to pay1 & z he _h ev5 address$ my  
fa!r1 only to receive f him a %>p       
refusal to ent]ta9 ! matt]1 ,i 0 ?reat5$
 ) imprisonm5t 9 ! case ( long] default 
( paym5t4 ,& ,i actually _h to submit to
 ?is puni%m5t4 ,my /ep-"m inflam$ !     
displeasure ( my fa!r1 & rejoic$ at 8   
inflexibility4 ,my tru/ee1 :o /ill _h ! 
disposal ( "s prop]ty ( m9e1 c\ld h     
help$ me1 b did n1 because ! lett] ( !  
law 0 aga9/ any int]f]5ce f 8 side4 ,ea*
 "o hop$ by ! cont9uance ( my sorry     
plight to break ! /ubbornness ( ! o!r4  
,i s]v$ z scapegoat to ! caprices ( !   
ob/9ate c\ple1 & langui%$ z su* n9e     
weeks long 9 ! univ]sity prison at      
,j5a4#bc ,at la/ my fa!r cons5t$ to     
advance me money on my =mally ab&on+1   
be=e ! univ]sity bo>d1 all claim on 8   
prop]ty 9 ! %ape ( inh]itance2 & s1 9 ! 

end1 ,i got free4  ,9 spite ( ! gloom   
into :i* my position z a prison] plung$ 
me1 ! "t ( my arre/ 0 n utt]ly b>r54 ,my
 late endeav\rs t[>ds sci5tific k _h    
made me m & m consci\s ( my ne$ ( a     
solid f\ndation 9 my k ( ,lat92 !re=e ,i
 n[ tri$ to supply defici5cies to !     
ext5t ( my ability1 & ) ! help ( a      
fri5d4 ,x 0 extremely h>d to me1 ?is    
work+ my way ?r\gh ! dead & fragm5t>y   
tea*+ ( an elem5t>y gramm>4 ,x always   
seem$ to me z if ! m]e out] acquisition 
( a language c\ld b little help =w>d my 
true inn] desire = k1 :i* 0 deeply 9    
e>ne/1 & 0 ! result ( my own free *oice4
 ,b :]ev] ! k ( language l9k$ itself to 
def9ite ext]nal impressions1 & ,i 0 able
 to p]ceive its connection ) facts1 z1 =
 in/ance1 9 ! sci5tific nom5clature (   
botany1 ,i c\ld quickly make myself ma/]
 ( x4 ,?is peculi>ity ( m9d pass$ by me 
unnotic$ at ! "t2 ,i knew & und]/ood too
 little1 nay1 inde$1 almo/ no?+ ( myself
 z yet1 ev5 z reg>ds ! actions ( my     
e-day life4  ,a second occupation ( ?is 

prison p]iod 0 ! prep>ation ( an ex]cise
 7or academical !sis7 9 geometry1 :i* ,i
 und]took t ,i might ! soon] obta9 an   
indep5d5t position 9 "s pr(ession4      
,?irdly1 ,i /udi$ ,w9ckelmann's ,lett]s 
on ,art4 ,?r\gh !m "s g]ms ( high]      
arti/ic feel+ may h be5 awak5$ )9 me2 = 
,i exam9$ ! engrav+s :i* ! "w conta9s ) 
int5se delight4 ,i c\ld q p]ceive ! gl[ 
( pleasure t !y ar\s$1 b at ! "t ,i took
 little acc\nt ( ?is influ5ce1 & inde$ !
 feel+ = art altoge!r 0 late 9 develop+ 
itself 9 me4 ,:5 ,i n[ glance ov] !     
e>li] & lat]1 ! great] & small]1 arti/ic
 emotions :i* h sway$ me1 & obs]ve _!   
s\rce & direction1 ,i see t x 0 ) arts  
7sculpture z well z music7 z x 0 )      
languages--,i nev] succe$$ 9 accompli%+ 
! outw>d acquisition ( !m3 yet ,i n[    
feel vividly t ,i1 too1 might h be5     
capable ( some?+ 9 art _h ,i _h an      
arti/ic education4  ,fur!r1 !re came    
into my h&s1 dur+ ! "t ( my imprisonm5t1
 a bad translation ( an abridgm5t ( !   
,z5dave/a4 ,! discov]y 9 ^! anci5t      

,p]sian ,scriptures ( simil> life-tru?s 
to our own1 & yet c\pl$ ) a q sep>ate   
religi\s /&po9t f ours1 ar\s$ my        
att5tion1 & gave "s feel+ ( univ]sality 
to my life & ?\ght2 ?is1 h[ev]1         
disappe>$ z quickly z x _h come4  ,by ! 
beg9n+ ( ! summ] t]m 9 #ahja ,i 0 at    
l5g? set free f arre/4 ,i at once left  
,j5a & my academical c>e]1 & return$ to 
my fa!r's h\se4 ,i 0 j n9ete5 ye>s old4 
,x 0 b natural t ,i %\ld ent] my p>5ts' 
h\se ) heavy he>t1 ov]cl\d$ s\l1 &      
oppress$ m9d4 ,b spr+ w>m$ & awak5$ all 
nature once m1 & recall$ to life1 too1  
my slumb]+ desire = bett] ?+s4  ,z yet  
,i _h busi$ myself b little ) ,g]man    
lit]ature1 & ! names ( ,s*ill]1 ,goe!1  
,wiel&1 & ! re/ ,i n[1 = ! fir/ "t1     
began to le>n4 ,9 ?is1 too1 x 0 ) me z 9
 s _m o!r ?+s2 any m5tal influ5ce t came
 be=e me ,i _h ei!r to fully int]weave )
 my inn] life1 or else altoge!r to =ego 
its acquisition4  ,) ?is peculi>ity (   
temp]am5t1 ,i c\ld ma/] only a r        
re/rict$ am\nt ( m5tal mat]ial4 ,my     

fa!r's libr>y 0 once m ransack$4 ,i f\nd
 n mu* t 0 ( any use to me1 = x conta9$ 
*iefly !ological works2 b ,i seiz$ ) !  
greate/ enjoym5t on a book :i* _h come  
out "s t5 ye>s be=e 9 ,go?a1 a g5]al    
view ( all ! sci5ces & f9e arts 9 _!    
v>i\s ramifications1 ) a %ort sket* ( ! 
object ( ! sev]al sci5ces & ( !         
lit]ature ( ea* dep>tm5t4 ,! arrangem5t 
0 bas$ ^u ! usual division ( !          
faculties1 b x s]v$ to give me a g5]al  
outlook1 long desir$1 ov] ! :ole ( human
 k1 & ,i 0 "r glad to h f\nd ?is ,mappe 
du monde litt]aire--= t 0 its title4 ,i 
resolv$ to turn ?is book to ! be/       
advantage ,i c\ld1 & set ab\t putt+ my  
resolution into practice4 ,9 ord] to    
make a collection ( compreh5sive        
extracts ( sci5tific matt]s f ! sev]al  
p]iodicals receiv$ by my fa!r 7:o %>$ = 
t purpose 9 a jo9t subscription ) o!r   
prea*]s & educat$ p71 ,i _h already     
begun a sort ( di>y4 ,! =m ( ?is j\rnal 
0 %apeless--ev]y?+ 0 put d[n z x came1  
"o ?+ aft] ! o!r2 & !reby ! use ( x all 

0 r5d]$ v inconv5i5t4 ,n[1 h[ev]1 ,i    
p]ceiv$ ! value ( division accord+ to a 
settl$ plan1 & soon hit ^u a s*eme (    
proc$ure4  ,i aim$ at collect+ all t    
seem$ wor?y to be kn[n1 all t 0 necess>y
 = cultur$ m5 9 g5]al1 & = myself 9 my  
own call+ 9 p>ticul>2 & ?is ri* treasure
 0 to be br\ght out "u fav\rable        
circum/ances1 or :5ev] ne$ 01 f its     
/oreh\se4 ,also ,i desir$ to acquire a  
g5]al idea ( ^? subjects :i* ! crav+ =  
k1 gr[+ ev] m & m %>p )9 my s\l1 0      
always urg+ me ?or\ghly to "w ?r\gh ov] 
aga94 ,i felt happy 9 my "w2 & ,i _h    
already be5 *a9$ to my task = sev]al    
days1 f e>ly morn+ till late at night1 9
 my little di/ant *amb] ) its iron-b>r$ 
w9d[s1 :5 my fa!r sudd5ly & unexpect$ly 
walk$ into ! room4 ,he look$ ov] :at ,i 
_h done1 & rem>k$ ! quantity ( pap] us$ 
ov] x1 :i* inde$ 0 n small4 ,^u ?is     
cursory inspection he held my "w = a    
fooli% wa/e ( "t & pap]2 & x w\ld h be5 
all ov] ) my lab\r ( love = t "t1 if my 
bro!r 7,*ri/oph71 :o _h s (t5 /ood z    

protector by my side1 _h n j !n be5 on a
 visit ) u4 ,he _h become ! m9i/] ( a   
place :i* lay a few h\rs' j\rney f      
,ob]weissba*1 & at ?is mom5t 0 /ay+ ) my
 p>5ts4 ,my fa!r at once told him ( :at 
he consid]$ my useless1 if n inde$      
injuri\s occupation2 b my bro!r saw x   
diff]5tly4 ,i v5tur$1 !re=e1 to cont9ue1
 ) ! sil5t p]mission ( my fa!r4 ,& inde$
 ! "w prov$ ( actual s]vice to me1 = x  
br\ght a c]ta9 ord]1 bread?1 & firmness 
into my ideas :i* _h ! mo/ b5eficial    
effect ^u me4  ,my fa!r n[ /rove to     
procure me a settl$ position 9 my *os5  
call+2 or at all ev5ts to provide "s    
active "w :i* w\ld br+ me into ne>]     
connection ) x4 ,& = ?is purpose a      
=tunate opportunity soon (f]$4 ,"s ( my 
fa!r's relatives _h prop]ty 9 ! di/rict 
( ,hildburghaus51 manag$ by a /ew>d4 ,! 
fri5dly foot+ on :i* my fa!r /ood ) ^!  
relatives p]mitt$ me to /udy practical  
f>m+ "u ?is /ew>d4 ,!re ,i took "p 9 all
 ! ord9>y f>m+ occupations4 ,^!1 h[ev]1 
did n attract me greatly1 & ,i ought to 

h at once discov]$ :at an unsuitable    
c>e] ,i _h *os51 if ,i _h b und]/ood my 
own nature4  ,! ?+ t mo/ pa9fully       
occupi$ my m9d at ?is "t 0 ! abs5ce (   
cordial und]/&+ betwe5 me & my fa!r4 ,at
 ! same "t ,i c\ld n help e/eem+ &      
hon\r+ him4 ,not)/&+ 8 advanc$ age he 0 
/ill z /rong & z heal?y 9 body z 9 m9d1 
p5etrat+ 9 spee* & c\nsel1 vigor\s 9    
fulfilm5t & actual "w1 e>ne/1 nay1 h>d1 
9 address4 ,he _h a firm1 /rong w1 & at 
! same "t 0 fill$ ) noble1              
self-sacrific+ endeav\r4 ,he nev] %irk$ 
skirmi% nor battle 9 ! cause ( :at he   
deem$ ! bett] "p2 he c>ri$ 8 p5 into    
action1 z a soldi] c>ries 8 sword1 = !  
true1 ! good1 & ! "r4 ,i saw t my fa!r 0
 gr[+ old & 0 draw+ ne> ! grave1 & x    
made me sorry to feel t ,i 0 yet a      
/rang] to su* a fa!r4 ,i lov$ him1 &    
felt h[ mu* good result$ f t love2 s ,i 
took ! resolution to write to my fa!r1 &
 by lett] to %[ him my true nature1 s f>
 z ,i c\ld und]/& myself4 ,long did ,i  
revolve ?is lett] 9 my m9d2 nev] did ,i 

feel /r5g? nor c\rage to write x4       
,mean:ile a lett] call$ me back home 9  
,novemb]1 aft] ,i _h be5 "s mon?s engag$
 on ! e/ate4 ,i 0 call$ ^u to help my   
fa!r1 n[ q weak & almo/ b$ridd52 at all 
ev5ts ,i c\ld assi/ him 9 8             
correspond5ce4 ,family & o!r c>es & !   
activities ( life absorb$ my :ole "t4   
,:at ,i meant to h done 9 my lett] n[   
happily became possible 9 spee* f man to
 man1 9 glances f eye to eye4 ,my fa!r 0
 occupi$ by c>es = my future prospects  
up till ! end4 ,he di$ 9 ,febru>y #ahjb4
 ,may 8 enlight5$ _s look d[n full (    
peace & bless+ ^u me z ,i write2 may he 
n[ be cont5t ) t son :o s lov$ him6  ,i 
n[ /ood 9 e respect my own ma/]1 & might
 decide ! direction ( my future life =  
myself1 accord+ to ! circum/ances :i*   
lay ar\nd me4 ,) ?is int5tion ,i once m 
left ! pat]nal ro( at ,ea/]1 to und]take
 ! po/ ( cl]k 9 ! ,(fice ( ,woods &     
,=e/s :i* =m$ "o "p ( ! g5]al           
adm9i/ration 7divid$ into ,treasury1    
,woods & ,=e/s1 & ,ti! dep>tm5ts7 ( ! z 

yet episcopal t]ritory ( ,bamb]g4#bd ,my
 di/rict lay amid/ unusual & lovely     
sc5]y2 my duties 7 light1 & :5 !y 7 ov] 
,i 0 free to roam 9 ! neighb\rhood1 n[  
d\bly beautiful 9 ! spr+time1 to live   
out my life 9 fre$om1 & ga9 /r5g? = m9d 
& s\l4  ,?us once aga9 ,i liv$ mu* out (
 doors & 9 companion%ip ) ,nature4 ,my  
*ief 0 pr\d ( ! possession ( a          
consid]able libr>y1 ( :i* ,i made good  
use2 & 9 ?is mann] _m ( ! publications  
!n issu+ f ! press1 & treat+ ( matt]s   
connect$ ) ! occupation :i* ,i _h *os51 
pass$ ?r\gh my h&s1 z well z ^? on o!r  
subjects4 ,i 0 especially attract$ by "s
 volumes :i* conta9$ aphorisms1 ?\ghts1 
& obs]vations on conduct1 select$ f     
anci5t & mod]n writ]s & ?9k]s4 ,my "*   
grew ^u & entw9$ itself ar\nd ^!        
aphorisms1 :i* ,i c\ld easily glance    
ov]1 & z easily reta91 &1 m ?an all1 :i*
 ,i c\ld weave into my own life &       
?\ghts1 & by :i* ,i c\ld exam9e my      
conduct4 ,i made extracts ( ^? :i* 7 9  
close/ accord ) my inn] life1 & bore !m 

always ab\t my p]son4  ,amid/ ^!        
surr\nd+s my life conta9$ _m elem5ts (  
gr[?4 ,al?\gh my *ief1 z well z 8       
family1 0 a /rong ,roman ,ca?olic1 he   
*ose a 7,prote/ant7 private tutor       
recomm5d$ to him by ,pr(essor ,c>us4    
,?is g5tleman _h _m excell5t qualities1 
s t we soon became great fri5ds4 ,we _h 
also bo? ( u ! pleasure ( be+ acqua9t$ )
 "s highly-cultur$ p1 ! families ( !    
physician1 ( ! m9i/]1 & ( ! s*oolma/] 9 
! neighb\r+ ,prote/ant village1 :i* 0 z 
yet /ill a fief ( ! ,empire4#be ,my     
fri5d ! tutor 0 a "y man q out ( !      
common1 ) an actively inquir+ m9d2      
especially fond ( mak+ plans =          
wide-/ret*+ travel1 & compreh5sive      
s*emes ( education4 ,our int]c\rse & our
 life toge!r 7 v confid5tial & op51 = ! 
subjects he c>$ = 7 ^? de> to me2 b we 7
 ( diametrically opposite natures4 ,he 0
 a man ( s*ola/ic tra9+1 & ,i _h be5    
defici5tly educat$4 ,he 0 a y\? :o _h   
plung$ into /rife ) ! _w & society2 my  
?\ght 0 h[ to live 9 peace ) myself &   

all m54 ,besides1 our outw>d lives bore 
su* diff]5t aspects t a truly intimate  
fri5d%ip c\ld n exi/ betwe5 u4          
,nev]!less our v contra/s b\nd u m      
closely toge!r ?an we deem$4  ,practical
 l& survey+ at ?is "t *iefly int]e/$ me1
 = x at once satisfi$ my love =         
out-(-doors life1 & fully occupi$ my    
intellig5ce4 ,b ! ev]la/+ scribbl+ :i*  
n[ fell to my %>e ,i c\ld n long endure1
 9 spite ( my o!rwise pleasant life4    
,e>ly 9 ! spr+ ( #ahjc ,i left my       
situation & w5t to ,bamb]g1 feel+ sure t
 ! political *anges by :i* ,bamb]g _h   
be5 transf]r$ to ,bav>ia1 & ! g5]al     
survey ( ! di/rict :i* 0 !re=e 9        
contemplation1 w\ld imm$iately provide  
me ) a sph]e ( "w suit$ to my           
capabilities4 ,my expectations 7 n      
falsifi$4 ,9 pursuance ( my plan ,i     
introduc$ myself to ! l&-surveyors 9    
,bamb]g1 & at once receiv$ employm5t f  
"o ( !m4 ,he _h _h consid]able surveys 9
 h&1 & 0 /ill engag$ ^u !m4 ,z ,i %[$ "s
 pr(ici5cy 9 mapp+1 he entru/$ me ) !   

prep>ation ( ! necess>y maps :i*        
accompani$ ! surveys4 ,?is kept me      
employ$ = "s "t on "w suffici5tly       
remun]ative = my ne$s4  ,( c\rse ! "q 9 
h& ) ! new ,gov]nm5t 0 ! appo9tm5t (    
l&-surveyors1 & ^? :o 7 resid5t 9 ! t[n 
7 invit$ to s5d 9 maps ( ,bamb]g z      
specim5s ( _! "w4 ,?r\gh ! in/ruction ,i
 _h enjoy$ 9 my y\? ,i 0 n unacqua9t$ ) 
su* "w4 ,i !re=e took pleasure 9 draw+ a
 map1 :i* ,i s5t 94 ,my "w 0 approv$1 & 
,i receiv$ some?+ = x2 b be+ a /rang]1  
inexp]i5c$1 & "y1 & hav+ h>dly tak5 !   
be/ way t[>ds my purpos$ aim1 ,i obta9$ 
no appo9tm5t4  ,aft] ,i _h f9i%$ ! "w ,i
 h m5tion$ ! survey ( a small private   
prop]ty 0 put into my h&s to c>ry out4  
,f ?is engagem5t ensu$ consequ5ces :i* 7
 mo/ important = me4 ,i note only "o    
po9t "h4 ,"o ( ! jo9t own]s ( ?is       
prop]ty 0 a "y doctor ( philosophy1 :o  
lean$ t[>ds ! new s*ool ( ,s*ell+4 ,x   
c\ld h>dly be expect$ b t we %\ld talk  
ov] ?+s :i* /irr$ our m5tal life1 & s x 
came ab\t t he l5t me ,s*ell+'s ,bruno1 

od] ueb] die ,welt-seele#bf to read4    
,:at ,i read 9 t book mov$ me pr(\ndly1 
& ,i ?\ght ,i really und]/ood x4 ,!     
fri5dly "y fell[1 n mu* old] ?an        
myself--we _h already met 9 ,j5a1--saw !
 lively int]e/ ,i 0 tak+ 9 ! book1 &1 9 
fact1 ,i talk$ x ov] ) him _m a "t4 ,"o 
day1 aft] we _h be5 to see an important 
picture-gall]y toge!r1 he address$ me 9 
^! words1 :i* f 8 m\? s\nd$ />tl+ly     
/range1 & :i* at ! "t seem$ to me       
inexplicable3--  ,gu>d y\rself aga9/    
philosophy2 %e leads y t[>ds d\bt &     
d>kness4 ,devote y\rself to art1 :i*    
gives life1 peace1 & joy4  ,x is true ,i
 reta9$ ! "y man's words1 b ,i c\ld n   
und]/& !m1 = ,i reg>d$ philosophy z a   
necess>y "p ( ! life ( mank9d1 & c\ld n 
grasp ! notion t "o c\ld be v]g+ t[>ds  
d>kness & d\bt :5 "o calmly inve/igat$ !
 inn] life4 ,art1 on ! o!r h&1 lay mu*  
fur!r f me ?an philosophy2 = except a   
pr(\nd enjoym5t 9 works ( art 7= :i* ,i 
c\ld give no cle> reason71 no glimm]+ ( 
an active ae/hetic s5se _h yet dawn$ ^u 

me4 ,?is rem>k ( my fri5d ! doctor's    
call$ my att5tion to myself1 h[ev]1 & to
 my life & its aim1 & made me aw>e ( two
 v diff]5t & widely sep>ate sy/ems (    
life4  ,my fri5d1 ! tutor ( ! ,gov]nm5t 
(ficial "u :om ,i _h s]v$ at ,bamb]g1 _h
 9 ! meantime left 8 situation4 ,he told
 me be=e leav+ t he _h x 9 8 m9d to g to
 ,frankfurt1 & !nce into ,france4 ,i saw
 8 dep>ture ) regret1 little dream+ t   
life w\ld 9 a few ye>s br+ u toge!r     
aga91 & t he w\ld indirectly decide my  
future c>e]4 ,b1 z x s (t5 happ5s 9     
life1 p>t+ 9 ?is in/ance b l$ up to     
meet+1 & meet+ to p>t+4  ,! occurr5ces  
,i h nam$ _h little result ^u my outw>d 
life1 :i* = ! "t ran its peaceful c\rse4
 ,i pass ov] _m circum/ances important  
to ! uplift+ & developm5t ( my "* & my  
moral life1 & come at once to ! close ( 
my /ay 9 ,bamb]g4  ,i _h n[ once m      
e>ne/ly to turn my att5tion to procur+  
c]ta9 & settl$ employm5t4 ,9 tru?1 z    
reg>d$ my future1 ,i /ood q alone4 ,i _h
 no "o to l5d me a help+ h&1 s ,i made  

up my m9d to g =w>d1 tru/+ only 9 ,god &
 de/9y4 ,i det]m9$ to seek = a situation
 by means ( ! ,allgeme9e ,anzeig] d]    
,deuts*51#bg a pap] !n v mu* read1 & ,i 
?\ght x w\ld be good to s5d 9 to !      
editor1 z a pro( ( my ass]tions (       
compet5cy1 an ar*itectural design1 &    
also a specim5 ( my "w 9 practical      
survey+1 toge!r ) explanations ( bo? (  
!m4 ,z soon z my plan 0 fully conceiv$  
,i set to "w at x4 ,= ! ar*itectural    
sket* ,i *ose a design ( a nobleman's   
c\ntry mansion1 ) ! surr\nd+ outbuild+s4
 ,:5 ,i _h f9i%$ x1 ) v few pr(essional 
appliances to help me1 x conta9$ a      
complete work+ out ( all ! v>i\s        
necess>y plans1 & z a critical te/ ( its
 accuracy & suitability to ! propos$    
scale ( dim5sions1 ,i add$ a /atem5t (  
all ! p>ticul>s & conditions involv$ 9  
x4 ,= ! l&-survey+ ,i *ose a table (    
measurem5ts compil$ f ! map ,i _h       
previ\sly drawn1 :i* ,i c>ri$ ?r\gh "u  
c]ta9 arbitr>y assumptions4 ,^! works1  
toge!r ) my adv]tisem5t1 ,i s5t 9 #ahjc 

to ! (fice ( ! pap] ,i h m5tion$1 ) !   
reque/ t ! editor1 aft] read+ my        
te/imonials & inspect+ my "w1 w\ld add a
 few confirmatory words z to my         
qualifications4 ,"w & te/imonials alike 
7 to ! satisfaction ( ! editor1 & my    
reque/ = an editorial comm5t 0 grant$4  
,i receiv$ sev]al (f]s1 ea* "o conta9+  
some?+ tempt+ ab\t x4 ,x 0 difficult to 
make a *oice1 b at la/ ,i decid$ to     
accept a position (f]$ me z private     
secret>y to ! ,presid5t &               
,privy-,c\ncillor ,von ,dewitz1 (       
,meckl5burg-,/relitz1 at ?is "t resid5t 
on "o ( 8 e/ates1 ,gross-,mil*[4        
,among/ ! o!r (f]s 0 "o f               
,privy-,c\ncillor ,von ,vold]sdorf1 :o 0
 look+ out = an acc\ntant = 8 e/ates 9 !
 ,ob]pfalz4#bh ,?is situation did n suit
 me s well z ! o!r1 b ,i accept$ a      
proposition to fill up ! "t till !      
arrangem5ts = ! o!r po/ _h be5 complet$1
 by go+ d[n to ^! e/ates ( ,h]r ,von    
,vold]sdorf1 & br++ into ord]1 accord+  
to a c]ta9 specifi$ plan1 ! heavy       

acc\nts ( 8 /ew>d1 :i* 7 at ?is "t mu* 9
 arre>4 ,i set (f = ! ,ob]pfalz 9 ! fir/
 days ( #ahjd4 ,b ,i 0 soon call$ away  
to ,meckl5burg to ! situation at        
,gross-,mil*[ :i* ,i _h def9itively     
*os51 & 9 ! raw1 frightfully sev]e      
w9t]-"t ( ,febru>y ,i j\rney$ ?i!r by ! 
mail-coa*4 ,yet1 %ort z _h be5 my /ay 9 
! ,ob]pfalz1 & cont9ual & un9t]rupt$ z  
_h be5 my lab\r 9 ord] t ,i might get   
?r\gh ! "w ,i _h und]tak51 ! "t ,i sp5t 
9 ,bav>ia yield$ me mu* t 0 in/ructive4 
,! m51 +5u\s1 lively "y fell[s f ,saxony
 & ,prussia1 receiv$ me v k9dly1 & !    
v>iety ( _! diff]5t s]vices & _!        
read9ess to talk ab\t !m1 gave me a good
 insight into ! inn] relation%ip betwe5 
! l&$ ari/ocracy & _! reta9]s4 ,9       
recall+ ^! circum/ances ,i ?ankfully    
ackn[l$ge h[ my ev]-t5d] lov+ de/9y took
 pa9s k9dly to prep>e me = ea* vocation 
next to come4 ,i _h nev] be=e _h !      
opportunity to see ! mode ( keep+       
acc\nts us$ on a great e/ate1 to say    
no?+ ( keep+ !m myself1 & "h ,i _h ?is v

 "w to d1 & t aft] a plan bo? ample &   
cle>1 9 :i* e p>ticul>1 d[n to ! s+le   
details1 0 c>efully provid$ =4 ,?is 0 ( 
! greate/ s]vice to me4 ,precisely !    
conduct ( su* well-ord]$ acc\nts 0 to be
 my "w lat] on2 !re=e1 hav+ ! g5]al plan
 ,i h ref]r$ to firmly e/abli%$ 9 my    
m9d1 & be+ well practis$ 9 its op]ation1
 ,i set (f well prep>$ = my new sph]e ( 
"w4 ,?anks to ?is1 ,i 0 able to satisfy 
mo/ completely n only my new employ]1 b 
also 8 lady1 :o us$ to exam9e ev]y?+    
m9utely ) sev]e scrut9y4  ,! surr\nd+s (
 ,h]r ,von ,dewitz's e/ate 7 uncommonly 
pretty = t "p ( ! c\ntry4 ,lakes & hills
 & ! fre% foliage ( trees ab\nd$1 & :at 
,nature _h p]haps ov]look$ "h & !re ,art
 _h made good4 ,my good =tune has always
 l$ me among/ pretty natural sc5]y4 ,i h
 ev] ?ankfully enjoy$ :at ,nature has   
spread be=e my eyes1 & %e has always be5
 9 true mo!rly unity ) me4 ,z soon z ,i 
_h ga9$ "s facility 9 x my new "w became
 simple1 ran its regul> c\rse :i* 0     
repeat$ week by week1 & gave me "t to   

?9k ab\t my own improvem5t4  ,h[ev]1 my 
engagem5t on ?is e/ate 01 aft] all1 b a 
%ort "o4 ,! b5t ( my life & disposition 
0 already tak54 ,a /> _h aris5 )9 my m9d
 :i* ,i 0 impell$ to foll[4 ,on ?is     
acc\nt ,i c\ld reg>d my employm5t at ?is
 "t only z a %eet an*or1 to be let g z  
soon z an opportunity (f]$ itself to    
resume my vocation4 ,?is opportunity 0 n
 long 9 mak+ its appe>ance4  ,my uncle  
7,h(fmann71 :o1 l my bro!r1 bore me     
always lov+ly 9 8 ?\ghts1 _h lately di$4
 ,ev5 on 8 dea?b$ he ?\ght ( me1 & *>g$ 
my bro!r to d all he c\ld to f9d me "s  
settl$ occupation = life1 & at any rate 
to prev5t me f leav+ ! po/ ,i held at ! 
mom5t be=e ,i _h "s reasonable prospect 
( a secure & bett] engagem5t else:]e4   
,provid5ce will$ x o!rwise4 ,8 dea?1    
?r\gh ! small inh]itance :i* !reby came 
to me1 gave me ! means ( fulfill+ !     
de>e/ wi% ( my he>t4 ,s wond]fully does 
,god direct ! fate ( m54  ,i mu/ m5tion 
"o circum/ance be=e ,i "p = ev] 9 ?is   
acc\nt ( my life f my g5tle1 lov+       

second-fa!r4 ,on my j\rney to           
,meckl5burg1 :5 ,i saw my uncle 7at     
,/adt-,ilm7 = ! la/ "t1 ,i _h ! deep joy
 ( a talk ) him1 su* z a tru/+ fa!r     
might hold ) 8 gr[n-up son1 b\nd to him 
by e tie ( affection4 ,he freely po9t$  
out ! faults :i* _h %[n !mselves 9 my   
boyhood1 & told me ( ! anxiety !y _h at 
"o "t caus$ him1 & 9 ?is way he w5t back
 to ! "t :5 ,i 0 tak5 into 8 family1 &  
to ! causes ( t4 ,i lov$ y\r "m v de>ly1
 said he2 inde$1 %e 0 my fav\rite out ( 
all my bro!rs & si/]s4 ,9 y ,i seem$ to 
see my si/] once m1 & = h] love ,i took 
*>ge ( y & be/[$ on y t affection :i*   
hi!rto _h be5 h]s alone4 ,& de> z my own
 "m _h become to me already ?r\gh ! _m  
k9d ?+s ,i _h he>d said ( h]1 s t ,i _h 
ev5 =m$ a di/9ct conception ( :at %e 0  
l1 & seem$ actually to rememb] h]1 %e   
became ev5 de>] to me aft] ^!           
rem9isc5ces ( my uncle ?an be=e1 = did  
,i n owe to h] ?is noble & high-m9d$    
second-fa!r8 ,my conv]sation ) my uncle 
fir/ made cle> to me :at 9 lat] life ,i 

h f\nd repeat$ly confirm$--t ! s\rces1  
spr+s or motives ( "o's pres5t actions  
(t5 lie f> away beyond ! pres5t "t1     
outside ! pres5t circum/ances1 &        
altoge!r disconnect$ ) ! p]sons ) :om "o
 is conc]n$ at ! mom5t !n pass+4 ,i h   
also repeat$ly obs]v$ 9 ! c\rse ( my    
life t ties are ! fa/]1 ! m endur+ & !  
tru] ! m !y spr+ f high]1 univ]sal1 &   
imp]sonal s\rces4  ,! p]son :o 9        
,meckl5burg /ood next above me 9        
position 9 ! h\se & 9 ! family 0 !      
private tutor1 :om ,i f\nd already      
!re--a "y doctor ( philosophy ( ,goett+5
 ,univ]sity4 ,we did n come mu* into    
contact on ! :ole s9ce he z a univ]sity 
graduate took a f> high] /& ?an ,i2 b   
?r\gh ,i came into "s connection ) !    
cl]gym5 ( ! di/rict1 & ?is 0 ( b5efit to
 me4 ,z = ! f>m]s ! bailiffs1 etc41 _!  
hospitable nature 0 q suffici5t ( itself
 to af=d me a he>ty welcome4 ,?us ,i    
liv$ 9 a way ,i _h = a long "t felt ,i  
mu* ne$$1 amid/ _m-sid$ companionable   
good-fell[%ip1 *e]ful & free4 ,heal?y z 

,i 0 9 body & s\l1 9 head & he>t1 my    
?\ghts full ( brightness & *e]fulness1 x
 0 n long be=e my m9d aga9 felt an eag] 
desire = high] culture4 ,! "y tutor w5t 
away1 & aft] 8 dep>ture my crav+ =      
culture grew ke5] & ke5]1 = ,i miss$ !  
intellectual conv]se ,i _h be5 able to  
hold ) him4 ,b ,i 0 soon aga9 to receive
 succ\r4  ,! ,presid5t1#bi besides !    
family at home1 _h two sons at !        
,pa$agogium 9 ,halle4#cj ,!y came to    
visit _! p>5ts1 accompani$ by _! special
 tutor1 a g5tleman de/9$ to become fam\s
 lat] on z ! r5[n$ s*ol>1 ,dr4          
,wollweide4  ,dr4 ,wollweide 0 a        
ma!matician & a physici/1 & ,i f\nd him 
freely communicative4 ,he 0 s k9d z to  
m5tion & expla9 to me ! _m v>i\s        
problems he _h set be=e himself to "w   
out4 ,?is caus$ my long slumb]+ &       
suppress$ love = ma!matics z a sci5ce1 &
 = physics1 to spr+ up aga91 fully      
awake4 ,= "s "t pa/ my t5d5cy _h lean$ m
 & m t[>ds ar*itecture1 &1 inde$1 ,i _h 
n[ firmly det]m9$ to *oose t z my       

pr(ession1 & to /udy x h5ce=? ) all     
e>ne/ness4 ,my intellectual crav+s & !  
*oice ( a pr(ession seem$ at la/ to run 
toge!r1 & ,i felt cont9ually bright &   
happy at ! ?\ght4 ,i seiz$ ! opportunity
 ( ! pres5ce ( ! s*ol> :om ,i h nam$ to 
le>n f him :at 7 ! be/ books on ^?      
subjects :i* promis$ to be useful to me1
 & my fir/ c>e 0 to become possess$ (   
!m4 ,ar*itecture 0 n[ vigor\sly /udi$1 &
 o!r books1 too1 7 n suff]$ to lie idle4
  ,! foll[+ books took great hold ^u me3
 ,proes*ke's ,fragm5ts on ,an?ropology  
7a small unpret5d+ book71 ,novalis'     
,works1 & ,arndt's ,g]many & ,europe4#ca
 ,! fir/ ( ^! at "o /roke drew toge!r1 s
 t ,i c\ld recognise 9 !m myself z a    
connect$ :ole1 my out] exi/5ce1 my inn] 
"*1 my disposition1 & ! c\rse ( my life4
 ,i = ! fir/ "t realis$ myself & my life
 z a s+le entity 9 contra/ to ! :ole _w 
outside ( me4#cb ,! second book lay be=e
 me ! mo/ secret emotions1 p]ceptions1 &
 int5tions ( my inmo/ s\l1 cle>1 op51 & 
vivid4 ,if ,i p>t$ ) t book x seem$ z if

 ,i _h p>t$ ) myself2 if any?+ happ5$ to
 ! book ,i felt z ?\gh x _h happ5$ to   
me1 only m deeply & ) great] pa94 ,!    
?ird book taught me ( man 9 8 broad     
hi/orical relations1 set be=e me ! g5]al
 life ( my k9d z "o great :ole1 & %[$ me
 h[ ,i 0 b\nd to my own nation1 bo? to  
my ance/ors & my contempor>ies4 ,yet !  
s]vice ?is la/ book _h done me 0 h>dly  
recognis$ at ?is "t2 = my ?\ghts 7 b5t  
on a def9ite outw>d aim1 t ( becom+ an  
ar*itect4 ,b ,i c\ld at all ev5ts       
recognise ! new eag] life :i* _h seiz$  
me1 & to m>k ?is *ange to myself1 ,i n[ 
began to use z a ,*ri/ian "n ! la/      
in/ead ( ! fir/ ( my baptismal names4#cc
 ,o!r circum/ances also impell$ me to   
make ?is *ange2 &1 fur!r1 x fre$ me f ! 
memory ( ! _m disagreeable impressions (
 my boyhood :i* clu/]$ r\nd ! "n ,i 0 !n
 call$4  ,! "t _h come :5 ,i c\ld no    
long] rema9 satisfi$ ) my pres5t        
occupation2 & ,i !re=e s5t 9 my         
resignation4 ,! imm$iate outw>d         
circum/ance :i* decid$ me 0 ?is4 ,i _h  

kept up a correspond5ce ) ! "y man :om  
,i _h kn[n z a private tutor :5 ,i held 
a ,gov]nm5t cl]k%ip 9 ,bamb]g1 & :o left
 8 situation to g to ,frankfurt1 & !n on
 into ,france4#cd ,he _h aft]w>ds liv$  
"s "t 9 ,frankfurt1 occupy+ himself )   
tea*+1 & n[ 0 aga9 a private tutor 9 a  
m]*ant's h\se 9 ! ,ne!rl&s4 ,i imp>t$ to
 him my desire to leave my pres5t po/1 &
 to seek a situation ) an ar*itect2 &   
ask$ 8 op9ion :e!r ,i %\ld n be mo/     
likely to effect my object at           
,frankfurt1 :]e s _m /reams ( div]se    
life & ( m5 int]m+le4 ,& z my fri5d 0   
accurately acqua9t$ ) ! ins & outs (    
,frankfurt life1 ,i ask$ him to give me 
su* indications z he c\ld ( ! be/ road  
to take t[>ds ! fulfilm5t ( my designs4 
,my fri5d ent]$ he>tily into my project1
 & wrote to me t he int5d$ himself to   
sp5d "s "t 9 ,frankfurt aga9 9 ! e>ly   
summ]2 & he sugge/$ t if ,i c\ld manage 
to be !re at ! same "t1 a mutual        
consid]ation ( ! :ole matt] on ! spot   
w\ld be ! be/ way ( go+ to "w4 ,9       

consequ5ce ( ?is ,i at once firmly      
decid$ to leave my situation 9 ! foll[+ 
spr+1 & to jo9 my fri5d at ,frankfurt4  
,b :]e 0 ,i to f9d ! money necess>y =   
su* a j\rney8 ,i _h requir$ ! :ole ( my 
sal>y up till n[ to cov] my p]sonal     
exp5ses & ! settlem5t ( "s debts ,i _h  
run up at ,bamb]g4  ,9 ?is p]plexity ,i 
wrote aga9 to my elde/ bro!r1 :o _h up  
till n[ und]/ood me s well1 & ,i ask$   
him = assi/ance4 ,i 0 at ?is "t 9 a     
peculi> dilemma4 ,on ! "o h&1 ,i felt v 
ke5ly t ,i mu/ get out ( my pres5t      
position1 :ile on ! o!r1 by my un*ang+  
*angeabl5ess ,i fe>$ to we> out !       
indulg5ce & pati5ce ( my wor?y bro!r4 ,9
 ?is /rait ,i j gave him :at seem$ to me
 z ,i wrote x an exact acc\nt ( my real 
/ate ( m9d2 tell+ him t ,i c\ld only f9d
 my life-aim 9 a cont9ual /riv+ t[>ds   
inw>d p]fection4  ,my bro!r's answ]     
arriv$4 ,) a joyful tremor & agitation  
,i held x 9 my h&s4 ,= h\rs toge!r ,i   
c>ri$ x ab\t me be=e ,i unseal$ x1 =    
days toge!r be=e ,i read x2 x seem$ s   

improbable t my bro!r w\ld feel himself 
able to help me t[>ds ! accompli%m5t ( !
 desire ( my s\l1 & ,i fe>$ to f9d 9 t  
lett] ! fru/ration ( my life's endeav\r4
 ,:51 aft] "s days ( vacillation betwe5 
hope & d\bt1 ,i c\ld be> ! situation no 
long]1 & op5$ ! lett]1 ,i 0 n a little  
a/oni%$ t x began by address+ me at once
 9 t]ms ( ! mo/ mov+ sympa?y4 ,z ,i read
 on ! cont5ts agitat$ me deeply4 ,!     
lett] gave me ! news ( my belov$ uncle's
 dea?1 & in=m$ me ( legacies left by him
 to me & my bro!rs4 ,?us fate itself1   
?\gh 9 a mann] s deeply affect+1 provid$
 me ) ! means = work+ out my next plan4 
,! die 0 n[ ca/4 ,f ?is mom5t onw>ds my 
inn] life receiv$ a q new signification 
& a fre% "*1 & yet ,i 0 unconsci\s ( all
 ?is4 ,i 0 l a tree :i* fl[]s & kn[s x  
n4 ,my inw>d & outw>d vocation &        
endeav\r1 my true life-de/9y & my app>5t
 life-aim 7 /ill1 h[ev]1 9 a /ate (     
sep>ation1 & inde$ ( conflict1 ( :i* ,i 
_h n ! remote/ conception4 ,my resolve  
held firm to make ar*itecture my        

pr(ession2 x 0 purely z a future        
ar*itect t ,i took leave ( all my       
companions4  ,at ! end ( ,april #ahje1 )
 peace 9 my he>t1 *e]fulness 9 my s\l1  
an eag] disposition1 & a m9d full (     
en]gy1 ,i quitt$ my old surr\nd+s4 ,!   
fir/ days ( an unusually lovely ,may 7& 
,i might "h aga9 recall :at ,i po9t$ out
 above1 t my inn] & p]sonal life        
inv>iably w5t famili>ly h& 9 h& )       
ext]nal ,nature7 ,i sp5t ) a fri5d1 z a 
holiday1 9 ! be/ s5se ( ! ^w4 ,?is 0 a  
de> fri5d ( m9e1 :o liv$ on an exce$+ly 
f9ely-situat$ f>m 9 ! ,uck]m>k4#ce ,art 
_h improv$ ! beauty ( ! some:at simple  
natural features ( ! place1 9 ! mo/     
cunn+ly-devis$ fa%ion4 ,9 ?is beautiful1
 retir$1 & ev5 solit>y spot1 ,i flitt$1 
z x 71 f "o fl[] to ano!r l a v         
butt]fly4 ,i _h always passionately lov$
 ,nature 9 h] adornm5ts ( col\r & ( dewy
 pe>ls1 & clung to h] closely ) !       
gladsom5ess ( y\?4 ,"h ,i made !        
discov]y t a l&scape :i* we look ^u 9   
sympa!tic mood %9es ) enhanc$           

brilliancy2 or z ,i put ! tru? into     
words at ! "t1 ,! m intimately we atta* 
ourselves to ,nature1 ! m %e gl[s )     
beauty & returns u all our affection4   
,?is 0 ! fir/ "t my m9d _h v5tur$ to    
give expression to a s5tim5t :i* ?rill$ 
my s\l4 ,(t5 9 lat] life has ?is phrase 
prov$ itself a v tru? to me4 ,my fri5d  
"o day begg$ me to write some?+ 9 8     
album3 ,i did s unwill+ly4 ,to write    
any?+ borr[$ w5t aga9/ me1 = x j>r$ ) ! 
relations exi/+ betwe5 me & ! book's    
own]2 & to ?9k ( any?+ orig9al 0 a task 
,i felt to be almo/ beyond my p[]s4     
,h[ev]1 aft] long ?9k+ x ov] 9 ! op5    
air1 comp>+ my fri5d's life & my own 9  
all _! aspects1 ,i decid$ ^u ! foll[+   
phrase3--,to !e may de/9y soon grant a  
settl$ home & a lov+ wife6 ,to me1 :ile 
%e drives me re/less abroad1 may %e     
leave b j s mu* "t z to all[ me fairly  
to disc]n my relations ) my inmo/ self &
 ) ! _w4 ,!n my ?\ghts grew cle>1 & ,i  
cont9u$1 ,?\ give/ man bread2 let my aim
 be to give man himself4  ,i did n ev5  

!n fully appreh5d ! mean+ ( :at ,i _h   
said & writt51 or ,i c\ld n ( c\rse h   
held s firmly to my ar*itecture s*eme4  
,i knew z yet nei!r myself nor my real  
life1 nei!r my goal nor my life's pa?   
?i!r4 ,& long aft]w>ds1 :5 ,i _h = "s "t
 be5 engag$ ^u my true vocation1 ,i 0 n 
a little a/oni%$ ov] ! prophetic nature 
( ?is album-phrase ( m9e4  ,9 lat] life 
,i h (t5 obs]v$ t a man's _s1 :5 x fir/ 
beg9s to /ir )9 him1 utt]s _m a f>-away 
prophetic ?\ght1 :i* yet1 9 rip] age1   
atta9s its realisation1 its             
consummation4 ,i h especially notic$ ?is
 rec5tly 9 bright-m9d$ & active *ildr52 
9 fact1 ,i h (t5 be5 q a/\nd$ at !      
really deep tru?s express$ by !m 9 _!   
butt]fly life4 ,i seem$ to cat* glimpses
 ( a symbolic tru? 9 ?is2 z if inde$ !  
human s\l 7 ev5 already beg9n+ to %ake  
itself free f its *rysalis-wrapp+1 or 7 
bur/+ (f ! la/ fragm5ts ( ! egg%ell4  ,9
 ,may #ahje1 :ile on my j\rney1 ,i      
visit$ my elde/ bro!r1 ( :om ,i h s (t5 
spok51 & %all h yet s (t5 to speak1 &   

f\nd him 9 ano!r di/rict1 to :i* he _h  
be5 appo9t$ m9i/]4 ,he 0 z k9d & full ( 
affection z ev]2 & in/ead ( blam+ me1   
spoke ) especial approval ( my new      
plans4 ,he told me ( projects :i* _h    
allur$ him 9 8 y\?1 & /ill allur$1 b :i*
 he _h lack$ ! /r5g? ( m9d to speak (4  
,8 fa!r's advice & au?ority _h ov]aw$   
him 9 y\?1 & n[ ! *a9 ( a settl$        
position 9 life held him fa/4 ,to foll[ 
! inw>d voice fai?fully & )\t sw]v+ 0 ! 
advice he (f]$ me1 & he wrote ?is       
memor&um 9 my album :5 ,i left him1 z a 
life motto3--,! task ( man is a /ruggle 
t[>ds an end4 ,d y\r duty z a man1 de>  
bro!r1 ) firmness & resolution1 fight   
aga9/ ! difficulties :i* w ?ru/ !mselves
 9 y\r pa?1 & be assur$ y w atta9 ! end4
  ,?us *e]$ by sympa?y & approval1 ,i   
w5t my way f my bro!r's1 /r5g!n$ &      
confirm$ 9 my det]m9ation4 ,my road lay 
ov] ! ,w>tburg4#cf ,lu!r's life & fame 7
 !n n ne>ly s well appreciat$ & s       
g5]ally und]/ood z n[1 aft] ! ,t]c5t5>y 
fe/ival ( ! ,re=mation4#cg ,my e>ly     

education _h n be5 ( ! k9d to give me a 
complete survey ( ,lu!r's life & its    
/ruggle2 ,i 0 h>dly ?or\ghly acqua9t$   
inde$ ) ! sep>ate ev5ts ( x4 ,yet ,i _h 
le>nt 9 "s sort to appreciate ?is fight]
 = ! tru?1 by hav+ 9 my la/ ye>s at     
s*ool to read al\d ! ,augsburg          
,confession to ! assembl$ congregation  
dur+ ! aft]noon s]vice on c]ta9 specifi$
 ,sundays1 accord+ to an old-fa%ion$    
,*ur* cu/om4#ch ,i 0 fill$ ) a deep s5se
 ( rev]5ce z ,i climb$ ,lu!r's pa?1 ?9k+
 at ! same "t t ,lu!r _h left mu* beh9d 
/ill to be done1 to be root$ out1 or to 
be built up4  ,%ortly be=e ,midsumm]    
,day1 z ,i _h arrang$ ) my fri5d1 ,i    
rea*$ ,frankfurt4 ,dur+ my _m weeks'    
j\rney 9 ! lovely spr+time1 my ?\ghts _h
 _h "t to gr[ calm & collect$4 ,my      
fri5d1 too1 0 true to 8 ^w2 & we at once
 set to "w toge!r to prep>e a prosp]\s  
future = me4 ,! plan ( seek+ a situation
 ) an ar*itect 0 /ill firmly held to1 & 
circum/ances seem$ fav\rable = its      
realisation2 b my fri5d at la/ advis$ me

 to secure a livelihood by giv+ lessons 
= a "t1 until we %\ld f9d some?+ m      
def9ite ?an _h yet appe>$4 ,e prospect (
 a spe$y fulfilm5t ( my wi%es seem$ to  
(f]1 & yet 9 proportion z my hopes grew 
m cle>1 a c]ta9 feel+ ( oppression      
manife/$ itself m & m )9 me4 ,i soon    
began s]i\sly to ask myself1 !re=e3--   
,h[ is ?is8 ,can/ ?\ d "w 9 ar*itecture 
wor?y ( a man's life8 ,can/ ?\ use x to 
! culture & ! ennoblem5t ( mank9d8  ,i  
answ]$ my own "q to my satisfaction4    
,yet ,i c\ld n conceal f myself t x w\ld
 be difficult to foll[ ?is pr(ession    
con=mably ) ! ideal ,i _h n[ set be=e   
me4 ,not)/&+ ?is1 ,i /ill rema9$ fai?ful
 to my orig9al s*eme1 & soon began to   
/udy "u an ar*itect ) a view to fitt+   
myself = my new pr(ession4  ,my fri5d1  
unceas+ly work+ t[>ds ! accompli%m5t (  
my views1 introduc$ me to a fri5d ( 81  
,h]r ,grun]1 ! headma/] at t "t ( !     
,frankfurt ,model ,s*ool1#ci :i* _h n   
long be5 e/abli%$4 ,"h ,i f\nd op5-m9d$ 
"y p :o met me readily & +5u\sly1 & our 

conv]sation soon rang$ freely ov] life &
 its _m-sid$ aspects4 ,my own life & its
 object 7 also br\ght =w>d & talk$ ov]4 
,i spoke op5ly1 manife/+ myself j z ,i  
01 say+ :at ,i knew & :at ,i did n "k   
ab\t myself4  ,oh1 said ,grun]1 turn+ to
 me1 give up ar*itecture2 x is n y\r    
vocation at all4 ,become a tea*]4 ,we   
want a tea*] 9 our own s*ool4 ,say y    
agree1 & ! place %all be y\rs4  ,my     
fri5d 0 = accept+ ,grun]'s proposal1 &  
,i began to hesitate4 ,add$ to ?is1 an  
ext]nal circum/ance n[ came to my k :i* 
ha/5$ my decision4 ,i receiv$ ! news    
namely1 t ! :ole ( my te/imonials1 &    
p>ticul>ly ^? t ,i _h receiv$ 9 ,j5a1   
:i* 7 among/ !m1 _h be5 lo/4 ,!y _h be5 
s5t to a g5tleman :o took a lively      
int]e/ 9 my affairs1 & ,i nev] f\nd out 
?r\gh :at mis*ance !y 7 lo/4 ,i n[ read 
?is to mean t ,provid5ce itself _h ?us  
brok5 up ! bridge beh9d me1 & cut (f all
 return4 ,i delib]at$ no long]1 b eag]ly
 & joyfully seiz$ ! h& held out to me1 &
 quickly became a tea*] 9 ! ,model      

,s*ool ( ,frankfurt-on-!-,ma94#dj  ,!   
wat*word ( tea*+ & ( education 0 at ?is 
"t ! "n ( ,,pe/alozzi4 ,x soon became   
evid5t to me t ,pe/alozzi 0 to be !     
wat*word ( my life also2 = n only       
,grun]1 b also a second tea*] at !      
s*ool1 7 pupils ( ,pe/alozzi1 & !       
fir/-nam$ _h ev5 writt5 a book on 8     
me?od ( tea*+4 ,! "n _h a magnetic      
effect ^u me1 ! m s z dur+ my           
self-developm5t & self-education x _h   
seem$ to me an aspiration--a some?+     
p]haps nev] to be famili>ly kn[n1 yet   
di/9ct en\gh1 & at all ev5ts inspirit+4 
,& n[ ,i recall$ h[ 9 my e>ly boyhood1 9
 my fa!r's h\se1 ,i _h got a c]ta9 piece
 ( news out ( "s newspap] or ano!r1 or  
at lea/ t is h[ ! matt] /ood 9 my       
memory4 ,i ga!r$ t 9 ,switz]l& a man (  
=ty1 :o liv$ retir$ f ! _w1--,pe/alozzi 
by "n1--_h taught himself1 alone &      
unaid$1 read+1 writ+1 & ari?metic4 ,j at
 t "t ,i 0 feel+ ! sl[ness &            
insuffici5cy ( my own developm5t1 & ?is 
news quiet$ me1 & fill$ me ) ! hope &   

tru/ t ,i1 too1 might1 ?r\gh my own     
endeav\r1 repair ! defici5cies ( my     
br++-up4 ,z ,i h gr[n old] ,i h also    
f\nd x consolatory to rem>k h[ ! culture
 ( vigor\s1 capable m5 has n seldom be5 
acquir$ rem>kably late 9 life4 ,& 9     
g5]al ,i mu/ ackn[l$ge x z "p ( !       
gr\ndwork und]ly+ my life & ! evolution 
( my "*1 t ! contemplation ( ! actual   
exi/5ces ( real m5 always wr\ght ^u my  
s\l1 z x 71 by a fruitful ra9 & ! g5ial 
w>m? ( sun%9e2 :ile ! isolat$ tru?s ^!  
lives en%r9$1 ! pr9ciples ^? :o liv$ !m 
_h ?\ght out & embodi$ 9 "s phrase or   
ano!r1 fell z preci\s se$-corn1 z x 71  
or z solv5t salt cry/als ^u my ?ir/y _s4
 ,& :ile on ?is head ,i _c help         
especially call+ to m9d h[ deep & la/+ 0
 ! impression made ^u me 9 my la/ ye> at
 s*ool by ! acc\nts 9 ! ,holy           
,scriptures ( ! lives ( e>ne/ly /riv+   
y\?s & m54 ,i m5tion x "h1 b ,i %all h  
to return to ! subject lat] on4#da  ,n[ 
to return to ! new life :i* ,i _h begun4
 ,x 0 only to be expect$ t ea* ?+ & all 

?+s ,i he>d ( ,pe/alozzi seiz$ p[]fully 
^u me2 & ?is m especially applies to a  
sket*y n>rative ( 8 life1 8 aims1 & 8   
/ruggles1 :i* ,i f\nd 9 a lit]>y        
newspap]1 :]e also 0 /at$ ,pe/alozzi's  
well-kn[n desire & endeav\r--namely1 9  
"s nook or corn] ( ! _w1 no matt] :]e1  
to build up an in/itution = ! education 
( ! poor1 aft] 8 own he>t4 ,?is         
n>rative1 especially ! la/ po9t ( x1 0  
to my he>t l oil p\r$ on fire4 ,!re & !n
 ! resolution 0 tak5 to g & look ^u ?is 
man :o c\ld s ?9k & s endeav\r to act1 &
 to /udy 8 life & its "w4  ,?ree days   
aft]w>ds 7x 0 t[>ds ! end ( ,augu/      
#ahje7 ,i 0 already on ! road to        
,yv]don1#db :]e ,pe/alozzi _h n long    
be=e e/abli%$ himself4 ,once arriv$ !re1
 & hav+ met ) ! fri5dlie/ reception by  
,pe/alozzi & 8 tea*]s1 because ( my     
introductions f ,grun] & 8 colleagues1  
,i 0 tak51 l e o!r visitor1 to !        
class-rooms1 & !re left m or less to my 
own devices4 ,i 0 /ill v inexp]i5c$1 bo?
 9 ! !ory & practice ( tea*+1 rely+     

*iefly 9 su* ?+s ^u my memory ( my own  
s*ool-"t1 & ,i 0 !re=e v little fitt$ = 
a rigor\s exam9ation into details (     
me?od & into ! way !y 7 connect$ to =m a
 :ole sy/em4 ,! latt] po9t1 inde$1 0    
nei!r cle>ly ?\ght out1 nor 0 x work$   
out 9 practice4 ,:at ,i saw 0 to me at  
once elevat+ & depress+1 ar\s+ & also   
bewild]+4 ,my visit la/$ only a =tnight4
 ,i work$ away & tri$ to take 9 z mu* z 
,i c\ld2 especially z1 to help me 9 !   
duties ,i _h und]tak51 ,i felt impell$  
to give a fai?ful acc\nt 9 writ+ ( my   
views on ! :ole sy/em1 & ! effect x _h  
produc$ ^u me4 ,) ?is idea ,i tri$ to   
hold fa/ 9 my memory all ,i he>d4       
,nev]!less ,i soon felt t he>t & m9d    
w\ld alike come to grief 9 a man ( my   
disposition if ,i 7 to /ay long] )      
,pe/alozzi1 mu* z ,i desir$ to d s4 ,at 
t "t ! life !re 0 especially vigor\s2   
int]nally & ext]nally x 0 a liv+1 mov+1 
/irr+ exi/5ce1 = ,pr9ce ,h>d5b]g1       
commission$ by ! ,au/rian ,gov]nm5t1 _h 
come to exam9e ?or\ghly into            

,pe/alozzi's "w4#dc  ,! fruits ( my %ort
 /ay ) ,pe/alozzi 7 z foll[s3--  ,9 !   
fir/ place1 ,i saw ! :ole tra9+ ( a     
great educational in/itution1 work$ ^u a
 cle> & firmly-settl$ plan ( tea*+4 ,i  
/ill possess ! tea*+-plan ( ,pe/alozzi's
 in/itution 9 use at t "t4 ,?is         
tea*+-plan conta9s1 9 my op9ion1 mu* t  
is excell5t1 some:at also t is          
prejudicial4 ,excell5t1 ,i ?\ght1 0 !   
contrivance ( ! s-call$ ex*ange         
classes4#dd ,9 ea* subject ! in/ruction 
0 always giv5 ?r\gh ! entire e/abli%m5t 
at ! same "t4 ,?us ! subjects = tea*+ 7 
settl$ = e class1 b ! pupils 7 di/ribut$
 among/ ! v>i\s classes accord+ to _!   
pr(ici5cy 9 ! subject 9 h&1 s t ! :ole  
body ( pupils 0 r$i/ribut$ 9 q a di/9ct 
division = ea* subject4 ,! advantage (  
?is contrivance /ruck me z s und5iable &
 s =cible t ,i h nev] s9ce rel9qui%$ x 9
 my educational "w1 nor c\ld ,i n[ br+  
myself to d s4 ,! prejudicial side ( !  
tea*+-plan1 aga9/ :i* ,i intuitively    
rebell$1 al?\gh my own t5d5cies on !    

subject 7 z yet s vague & dim1 lay1 9 my
 op9ion1 9 its incomplet5ess & its      
onesid$ness4 ,sev]al subjects ( tea*+ & 
education highly important to ! all-r\nd
 h>moni\s developm5t ( a man seem$ to me
 ?ru/ f> too mu* into ! backgr\nd1      
treat$ 9 /ep-mo!rly fa%ion1 &           
sup]ficially work$ out4  ,! results ( ! 
ari?metical tea*+ a/\nd$ me1 yet ,i c\ld
 n foll[ x into its l>g] applications & 
wid] ext5t4 ,! me*anical rules ( ?is    
bran* ( in/ruction seem$ to :irl me r\nd
 & r\nd z 9 a :irlpool4 ,! tea*] 0      
,kruesi4 ,! tea*+1 9 spite ( ! brilliant
 results )9 its own circle1 & 9 spite ( 
! %>pness ( ! quick5$ p[]s ( p]ception &
 compreh5sion 9 ! *ildr5 by :i* x atta9$
 ^? results1 yet1 to my p]sonal ta/e1 _h
 some?+ too positive 9 its sett+ =?1 too
 me*anical 9 its reception4 ,& ,josias  
,s*mid#de _h already1 ev5 at t "t1 felt 
! imp]fection ( ?is bran* ( in/ruction4 
,he imp>t$ to me ! fir/ gr\nd-pr9ciples 
( 8 lat] "w on ! subject1 & 8 ideas at  
once comm&$ my approval1 = ,i saw !y    

possess$ two important prop]ties1       
manysid$ness & an exhau/ive sci5tific   
basis4  ,! tea*+ ( draw+ 0 also v       
incomplete1 especially 9 its fir/       
comm5cem5t2 b draw+ f "r-angl$ prisms ) 
equal sides1 9 v>i\s l5g?s1 :i* 0 "o ( !
 ex]cises requir$ at a lat] /age1 &     
draw+ o!r ma!matical figures by means ( 
:i* ! compreh5sion ( ! =ms ( actual     
objects ( e-day life might be facilitat$
 7 mu* m to my m9d4 ,s*mid's me?od (    
draw+ _h n yet appe>$4  ,9 physical     
geography1 ! usual s*ool c\rse1 ) its   
_m-col\r$ maps1 _h be5 left f> beh9d4   
,tobl]1 an active "y man1 0 ! pr9cipal  
tea*] 9 ?is section4 ,/ill1 ev5 ?is     
bran* _h f> too mu* positive            
in/ruction#df = me4 ,p>ticul>ly         
unpleasant to me 0 ! comm5cem5t ( !     
c\rse1 :i* began ) an acc\nt ( ! bottom 
( ! sea1 al?\gh ! pupils c\ld h no      
conception ( _! own z to its nature or  
dim5sions4 ,nev]!less ! tea*+ ar\s$     
a/oni%m5t1 & c>ri$ "o involunt>ily along
 ) x ?r\gh ! impression made by !       

lightn+-quickness ( ! answ]s ( ! *ildr54
  ,9 natural hi/ory ,i he>d only !      
botany4 ,! pr9cipal tea*]1 :o _h also   
prep>$ ! plan ( in/ruction 9 ?is subject
 = all ! s*ool1 0 ,hopf1 l ! re/ an     
active "y man4 ,! s*ool c\rse arrang$ & 
c>ri$ out by him _h mu* t 0 excell5t4 ,9
 ea* sep>ate in/ance--= example1 ! %ape 
& position ( leaves1 fl[]s1 etc4--he    
w\ld fir/ obta9 all ! possible v>ieties 
( =m by "q & answ] betwe5 ! class &     
himself1 & !n he w\ld select f ! results
 ! =m :i* 0 be=e !m 9 nature4 ,^!       
lessons1 :i* 7 9 ?is way made s         
attractive1 & ^: m]its spoke = !mselves1
 %[$1 h[ev]1 :5 x came to practical     
application1 an unpractical1 ,i _h almo/
 said1 a self-contradictory aspect4     
7,:51 aft]w>ds1 9 #ahjh1 ,i visit$      
,yv]don = ! second "t1 ,i f\nd to my    
regret nei!r ,tobl] nor ,hopf !re47  ,) 
! me?od us$ = ! ,g]man language ,i c\ld 
n at all br+ myself into sympa?y1 al?\gh
 x has be5 introduc$ into lat] s*ool    
books else:]e4 ,"h also ! arbitr>y &    

non-productive /yle ( tea*+ ran /rongly 
c\nt] to me at e /ep4  ,s++ 0 taught f  
figures4#dg ,read+ 0 taught f           
,pe/alozzi's well-kn[n ,a4,b4,c4        
,memor&um4--,all ?is lay d>k )9 me1 its 
value unrecognis$ ev5 by myself4 ,b my  
intellectual position t5d$ to become m  
settl$ by pass+ ?r\gh ^! exp]i5ces4 ,z  
to my /ate at ! "t1 ,i h1 z accurately z
 may be1 describ$ x above1 z at once    
exalt$ & depress$1 animat$ & dull4 ,t   
,pe/alozzi himself 0 c>ri$ away &       
bewild]$ by ?is great intellectual ma*9e
 ( 8 appe>s f ! fact t he c\ld nev] give
 any def9ite acc\nt ( 8 idea1 8 plan1 8 
int5tion4 ,he always said1 ,g & see =   
y\rself 7v good = him :o knew h[ to     
look1 h[ to he>1 h[ to p]ceive72 x works
 spl5didly6#dh ,x 0 at t "t1 inde$1     
surpris+ & inexplicable to me t         
,pe/alozzi's lov+ "* did n w9 e "o's    
he>t z x won m9e1 & compel ! /aff (     
tea*]s to draw toge!r into a connect$   
:ole1 p5etrat$ ) life & intellectual    
/r5g? 9 e "p4 ,8 morn+ & ev5+ addresses 

7 deeply t\*+ 9 _! simplicity2 & yet ,i 
rem>k$ 9 !m ev5 already at t "t "s      
slight traces ( ! unhappy diss5sions    
aft]w>ds to arise4#di  ,i left ,yv]don 9
 mid-,octob] 7#ahje7 ) a settl$         
resolution to return ?i!r z soon z      
possible = a long] /ay4 ,z soon z ,i got
 back to ,frankfurt1 ,i receiv$ my      
def9ite appo9tm5t f ! ,consi/orium4#ej  
,! "w t await$ me ^u my arrival f       
,switz]l& at ! ,model ,s*ool 7:i* 01 9  
fact1 prop]ly two s*ools1 "o = boys & "o
 = girls7 0 a %>e 9 ! arrangem5t ( an   
entirely new educational c\rse &        
tea*+-plan = ! :ole e/abli%m5t4 ,! s*ool
 conta9$ f\r or five classes ( boys &   
two or ?ree ( girls2 altoge!r ab\t two  
hundr$ *ildr54 ,! /aff consi/$ ( f\r    
p]man5t ma/]s & n9e visit+ ma/]s4  ,z ,i
 ?rew myself he>tily into ! consid]ation
 ( ! necessities & ! pres5t position ( !
 s*ool1 & ( ! in/ruction giv5 !re1 !    
work+ out ( ?is plan 0 left almo/ :olly 
9 my h&s1 "u ! conditions impos$ ^u u4  
,! s*eme ,i produc$ n only succe$$ 9    

w9n+ ! approbation ( ! au?orities1 b    
prov$ itself dur+ a long p]iod ( s]vice 
b5eficial 9 ! highe/ degree1 bo? to !   
in/itution itself & to its effici5cy2   
not)/&+ t x put ! tea*]s to "s          
consid]able p]sonal inconv5i5ce1 z well 
z mak+ l>g] claims ^u _! "t ?an 0 usual4
  ,! subjects ( in/ruction :i* fell to  
my %>e 7 ari?metic1 draw+1 physical     
geography1 & ,g]man4 ,i g5]ally taught 9
 ! middle classes4 ,9 a lett] to my     
bro!r ,i spoke ( ! impression made ^u me
 by my fir/ lesson to a class ( ?irty or
 =ty boys rang+ f n9e to elev52 x seem$ 
z if ,i _h f\nd some?+ ,i _h nev] kn[n1 
b always long$ =1 always miss$1 z if my 
life _h at la/ discov]$ its native      
elem5t4 ,i felt z happy z ! fi% 9 !     
wat]1 ! bird 9 ! air4  ,b be=e ,i pursue
 ?is side ( ! developm5t ( my life ,i   
mu/ t\* ^u ano!r :i* 0 f> m important to
 ! evolution ( my "* z man1 z tea*]1 & z
 educationi/1 & :i*1 inde$1 soon absorb$
 ! fir/ )9 itself4  ,n long aft] my old 
fri5d1 to meet ) :om ,i _h come to      

,frankfurt1 _h introduc$ me to ,grun]1  
he w5t back himself to 8 "w z private   
tutor4 ,aft]w>ds he he>d ( a family 79  
,frankfurt7 desir+ a private tutor = !  
sons4 ,s9ce he c\ld n introduce me      
p]sonally to ?is family he did s by     
lett]1 & sev]al weeks be=e my j\rney to 
,yv]don he _h1 9 fact1 writt5 to !m ab\t
 me 9 v k9dly t]ms4 ,x 0 = ?ree sons    
pr9cipally t in/ruction & education 7   
requir$4 ,!y came to see me1 & aft] !y  
_h gone _! p]sonal peculi>ities & _!    
previ\s tea*+ & tra9+1 ) ! results1 7   
fully describ$ to me1 & ,i 0 !n consult$
 z to _! future education4 ,n[ to       
education z an object#ea ,i _h 9 tru?   
nev] yet giv5 a ?\ght1 & ! "q ?rew me   
into great p]plexity4 ,nev]!less x      
requir$ an answ]1 & moreov] a precise   
answ]4  ,9 ! life & circum/ances ( ^!   
lads ,i discov]$ frequ5t simil>ities )  
my own boyhood1 :i* sprang to my memory 
z ,i li/5$4 ,i c\ld !re=e answ] !       
que/ions :i* 7 put to me out ( !        
developm5t & educational exp]i5ces ( my 

own life2 & my reply1 torn z x 0 f      
actual life1 ke5ly felt & vigor\sly     
express$1 bore ^u x ! /amp ( tru?4 ,x 0 
satisfactory to ! p>5ts2 &              
education--developm5t1 :i* hi!rto _h be5
 subjective alone = me--t is1 z         
self-developm5t--n[ took an objective   
=m1 a *ange :i* 0 di/9ctly pa9ful to me4
 ,long1 long x 0 be=e ,i c\ld br+ ?is   
bus9ess ( education into a =m           
expressible by words4 ,i only knew      
education1 & ,i c\ld only educate1 ?r\gh
 direct p]sonal association4 ,?is1 !n1  
,i cultivat$ to ! be/ ( my p[]1 foll[+ !
 pa? :i!r my vocation & my life n[ call$
 me4  ,to say tru?1 ,i _h a sil5t inw>d 
reluctance t[>ds private tutor%ip4 ,i   
felt ! con/ant int]ruptions & !         
piece-meal nature ( ! "w insep>able f ! 
conditions ( ! case1 & h5ce ,i suspect$ 
t x might want vitality2 b ! tru/+      
indulg5ce ) :i* ,i 0 met1 & especially !
 cle>1 bright1 fri5dly glance :i* greet$
 me f ! two y\ng] lads1 decid$ me to    
und]take to give ! boys lessons = two   

h\rs a day1 & to %>e _! walks4 ,! actual
 tea*+ 0 to be 9 ari?metic & ,g]man4 ,! 
fir/ 0 soon arrang$4 ,i simply foll[$   
,pe/alozzi's c\rse4 ,b z to ! language  
,i enc\nt]$ great difficulties4 ,i began
 by tea*+ x f ! regul> s*ool-books !n   
us$1 & inde$ /ill 9 use4 ,i prep>$      
myself to ! be/ ( my ability = ea*      
lesson1 & work$ up :atev] ,i felt myself
 ignorant ( 9 ! mo/ c>eful & dilig5t    
way4 ,b ! mode ( tea*+ employ$ 9 ^!     
books fru/rat$ my ef=ts4 ,i c\ld nei!r  
get on myself nor get my pupils on ) x4 
,s ,i began to take = my me?od          
,pe/alozzi's ,mo!rs' ,book4 ,9 ?is way  
we w5t on mu* bett]1 b /ill ,i 0 n      
satisfi$2 &1 inde$1 ,i may say t = a v  
long "t no sy/em ( in/ruction 9 ,g]man  
did satisfy me4  ,9 ari?metic1 by us+ ! 
,tables ( ,units#eb 9 ,pe/alozzi's      
pamphlet1 ,i arriv$ at ! same results   
:i* ,i _h se5 9 ,switz]l&4 ,v (t5 my    
pupils _h ! answ] ready :5 ! la/ ^w ( ! 
"q _h sc>cely be5 spok54 ,yet ,i        
pres5tly f\nd out "s defects 9 ?is me?od

 ( tea*+1 ( :i* ,i %all speak lat]      
on4#ec  ,:5 we 7 out walk+ toge!r1 ,i   
endeav\r$ to my utmo/ to p5etrate into !
 lives ( ! *ildr51 & s to influ5ce !m = 
good4 ,i liv$ my own e>ly life ov] aga91
 b 9 a happi] way1 = x n[ lay cle> &    
intelligible be=e me 9 its special z    
well z its g5]al *>act]i/ics4  ,all my  
?\ghts & "w 7 n[ direct$ to ! subject ( 
! culture & education ( man4 ,?is p]iod 
( my life became full ( zeal1 ( active  
developm5t1 ( advanc+ culture1 &1 9     
consequ5ce1 ( happ9ess4 ,& my life 9 !  
,model ,s*ool also1 ) my boys & ) my    
excell5t colleagues1 unusually clev] m51
 0 v elevat+ & enc\rag+4  ,ow+ to !     
position & surr\nd+s ( ! s*ool build+s1 
:i*1 ?\gh n app>5tly ext5sive z se5 f ! 
/reet1 conta9$ a consid]able c\rty>d & a
 spaci\s g>d51 ! s*ol>s enjoy$ p]fect   
fre$om ( ex]cise1 & c\ld play j z !y    
lik$ 9 c\rty>d or g>d52 ) ! result1     
moreov]1 ( !reby af=d+ a mo/ important  
opportunity to ! v>i\s tea*]s ( becom+  
really intimate ) ! *>act]s ( ! boys !y 

taught4 ,& !re grew up out ( all ?is a  
volunt>y resolution on ! "p ( ! tea*]s t
 e tea*] %\ld take 8 boys = a walk once 
a week4 ,ea* adopt$ ! me?od he lik$ be/2
 "s pref]r$ to occupy ! "t ( ! walk ov] 
a p]man5t subject2 o!rs pref]r$ leav+ ! 
subject to *ance4 ,i usually occupi$ my 
class ) botanis+2 & also z geographical 
ma/]1 ,i turn$ ^! occasions to pr(it by 
lead+ on my boys to ?9k = !mselves & to 
appreh5d ! relations ( v>i\s p>ts ( !   
e>?'s surface3 on ^! & o!r p]ceptions   
ga9$ 9 ?is way ,i bas$ my in/ruction 9  
physiography1 mak+ !m my po9t (         
dep>ture4  ,! t[n 0 at once my          
/>t+-place & my c5tre4 ,f x ,i ext5d$   
our obs]vations to ! "r & to ! left1 on 
?is side & on t4 ,i took ! riv] ,ma9 z a
 base l9e1 j z x lay2 or ,i us$ ! l9e ( 
hills or ! di/ant m\nta9s4 ,i settl$    
firmly ! direction ( ! f\r qu>t]s ( !   
compass4 ,9 ev]y?+ ,i foll[$ ! lead+ (  
,nature h]self1 & ) ! data s obta9$ ,i  
work$ out a repres5tation ( ! place f   
direct obs]vation1 & on a r$uc$ scale1 9

 "s level spot ( gr\nd or s&y tract     
c>efully *os5 = ! purpose4 ,:5 my       
repres5tation 7or map7 0 ?or\ghly       
und]/ood & well impress$ on e "o's m9d1 
!n we recon/ruct$ x 9 s*ool on a black  
bo>d plac$ horizontally4 ,! map 0 fir/  
sket*$ by tea*]s & pupils betwe5 !m1 &  
!n ea* pupil _h to d x by himself z an  
ex]cise4 ,^! repres5tations ( ! e>?'s   
surface ( ours _h a r\nd cont\r1        
resembl+ ! circul> outl9e ( ! visible   
horizon4  ,at ! next public exam9ation (
 ! s*ool1 ,i 0 =tunate en\gh1 al?\gh ?is
 fir/ attempt 0 full ( imp]fections1 to 
w9 ! unanim\s approval ( ! p>5ts pres5t2
 & n only t1 b ! especial comm5dation ( 
my sup]iors4 ,e "o said1 ,t is h[       
physiography#ed %\ld be taught4 ,a boy  
mu/ fir/ le>n all ab\t 8 home be=e he   
goes fur!r afield4 ,my boys 7 z well    
acqua9t$ ) ! surr\nd+s ( ! t[n z ) _!   
own rooms at home2 & gave rapid & /rik+ 
answ]s z to all ! natural peculi>ities (
 ! neighb\rhood4 ,?is c\rse 0 !         
f\nta9-head ( ! tea*+ me?od :i* ,i      

aft]w>ds ?or\ghly work$ out1 & :i* has  
n[ be5 9 use = _m ye>s4  ,9 ari?metic ,i
 did n take ! l[]1 b ! middle classes2 &
 "h also my tea*+ receiv$ *e]+          
encomiums4  ,9 draw+ ,i also taught !   
middle classes4 ,my me?od 9 ?is subject 
0 to "w at ! ?or\gh compreh5sion & !    
repres5tation ( planes & solids 9       
outl9e1 ris+ f ! simple/ =ms to complex 
comb9ations4 ,i n only _h !             
gratification ( obta9+ good results1 :i*
 ?or\ghly satisfi$ ^? :o te/$ !m1 b also
 ( see+ my pupils "w ) pleasure1 )      
ard\r1 & ) individuality4 ,9 ! girls'   
s*ool ,i _h to tea* or?ography#ee 9 "o (
 ! elem5t>y classes4 ,?is lesson1       
ord9>ily /&+ by itself1 disconnect$ )   
any?+1 ,i bas$ ^u correct               
pronunciation4#ef ,! tea*+ 0 imp]fect1  
c]ta9ly2 b x nev]!less ga9$ an          
unmi/akable *>m = bo? tea*] & pupils2 &1
 f9ally1 its results 7 v satisfactory4  
,9 "o ( ! o!r classes ( ! girls' s*ool  
,i taught prep>atory draw+4 ,i took ?is 
by comb9ations ( s+le l9es2 b ! me?od 0 

want+ 9 a logically necess>y connection1
 s t x did n satisfy me4 ,i _c rememb]  
:e!r ! results ( ?is tea*+ 7 br\ght to !
 te/ or n4  ,su* 0 ! outcome ( my fir/  
attempts z a tea*]4 ,! k9d indulg5ce &  
approval grant$ to me1 m because ( my   
good int5tions & ! fire ( my zeal ?an = 
my actual p]=mance1 spurr$ me on to     
plunge deep] into ! inquiry z to !      
nature ( true tea*+4 ,b ! :ole sy/em ( a
 l>ge s*ool mu/ h its settl$ =m1 ) its  
previ\sly-appo9t$ tea*+-c\rse arrang$ z 
to times & subjects2 & ev]y?+ mu/ fit 9 
l a piece ( clockwork4 ,my sy/em1 on !  
o!r h&1 call$ only = ready s5ses &      
awak5$ intellect4 ,set =ms c\ld only    
tol]ate ?is view ( education s f> z x   
s]v$ to enliv5 & quick5 !m4 ,b ,i h     
un=tunately aga9 & aga9 obs]v$ dur+ my  
c>e]1 t ev5 ! mo/ active life1 if its   
activity & its vitality be n prop]ly    
und]/ood & urg$ ev] onw>d1 easily /iff5s
 into bony rigidity4 ,en\gh1 my m9d1 n[ 
fully awak5$1 c\ld n suff] ^! set =ms1  
necess>y ?\gh !y 72 & ,i felt t ,i mu/  

seek out "s position 9 :i* my nature    
c\ld unfold itself freely accord+ to !  
ne$s ( ! developm5t ( my life & ( my    
m9d4  ,?is long+ endeav\r ( life & m9d1 
:i* c\ld n submit to ! fett]s ( ext]nal 
limitations1 may h be5 ! m exagg]at$ at 
! "t by my becom+ acqua9t$ ) ,arndt's   
,fragm5ts on ,human ,culture1#eg :i* ,i 
_h pur*as$4 ,?is book satisfi$ at once  
my "*1 my resolves1 & my aspirations2 & 
:at hi!rto lay isolat$ )9 me 0 br\ght   
into ord]$ connection ?r\gh its pages1  
:ile ideas :i* possess$ me )\t my       
p]ceiv+ !m took def9ite =m & expression 
z ! book br\ght !m to light4 ,inde$1 ,i 
?\ght !n t ,arndt's book 0 ! bible (    
education4  ,9 ^? days ,i spoke ( my    
life & my aims 9 ! foll[+ words3 ,i     
desire to educate m5 ^: feet %all /& on 
,god's e>?1 root$ fa/ 9 ,nature1 :ile _!
 head t[]s up to heav51 & reads its     
secrets ) /eady gaze1 ^: he>t %all      
embrace bo? e>? & heav51 %all enjoy !   
life ( e>? & nature ) all its weal? (   
=ms1 & at ! same "t %all recognise !    

purity & peace ( heav51 t unites 9 its  
love ,god's e>? ) ,god's heav54 ,9 ^!   
phrases ,i n[ see my =m] life & aims    
vividly br\ght be=e me z 9 a picture4   
,little by little a desire ga9$ /r5g? )9
 me to free myself f my engagem5t at !  
,model ,s*ool1 to :i* ,i _h b\nd myself 
z tea*] = at lea/ ?ree ye>s4 ,! headma/]
 7,grun]71 :om ,i h already nam$1 0     
suffici5tly a /ud5t ( m5 to h p]ceiv$ t 
s excitable a man z ,i c\ld nev] "w     
h>moni\sly 9 su* an in/itution z t :i*  
he direct$2 s ,i 0 releas$ f my         
engagem5t1 "u ! condition t ,i %\ld     
provide a suitable successor4 ,fate 0   
propiti\s to me once m4 ,i f\nd a "y    
private tutor ) :om ,i _h long be5 9    
fri5dly correspond5ce1 & :o _h all ^?   
qualities :i* 7 lack+ 9 me4 ,he 0 n only
 ?or\ghly pr(ici5t 9 ! gramm> ( 8 "m    
tongue 7,g]man71 b also 9 ! gramm> ( !  
classical tongues2 &1 if ,i am n mi/ak51
 9 ,fr5* also4 ,he _h a k ( geography f>
 beyond any?+ ,i c\ld boa/1 0 acqua9t$ )
 hi/ory1 knew ari?metic1 possess$ "s    

famili>ity ) botany1--mu* great]1 inde$1
 ?an ,i suspect$4 ,& :at 0 wor? m ?an   
all ?is1 he 0 full ( vig\r 9 m9d1 he>t1 
& life4 ,!re=e ! s*ool 0 e way ! ga9] by
 my dep>ture1 s greatly ! ga9] inde$1 t 
f t "t no fur!r *ange has be5 necess>y4 
,t same tea*] /ill lives & works 9 t    
same po/4#eh  ,be=e ,i beg9 a new *apt] 
( my c>e]1 !re are yet a few ?+s :i* ne$
 m5tion4  ,to "k ,fr5* 0 at t "t ! ord] 
( ! day1 & n to "k x /amp$ a man at once
 z ( a v l[ degree ( culture4 ,to       
acquire a k ( ,fr5*1 !re=e1 became "o ( 
my *ief aims at ! mom5t4 ,x 0 my good   
=tune to obta9 in/ruction f an unrivall$
 tea*] ( ,fr5*1 ,m4 ,p]rault1 a ,fr5*man
 by bir?1 :o /ill1 ev5 ?\gh an old man1 
dilig5tly work$ at ! /udy ( 8 "m tongue1
 & :o at ! same "t wrote & spoke ,g]man 
) elegance4 ,i pursu$ ! /udy ) ard\r1   
tak+ two lessons a day1 because ,i      
desir$ to rea* a c]ta9 pr(ici5cy by a   
giv5 "t4 ,sl[1 h[ev]1 7 my /eps1 = ,i 0 
f> f hav+ a suffici5t k ( my own tongue 
:]eon to build a bridge t might c>ry me 

into ,fr5*4 ,i nev] c\ld prop]ly acquire
 :at ,i did n fully und]/& 9 su* a way t
 x _h a liv+ mean+ = me2 & s f all !    
g5u9e zeal & consid]able co/ :i* ,i sp5t
 ov] ?is /udy ,i ga9$ by no means a     
correspond+ result2 b ,i did le>n a good
 deal1 mu* m ev5 ?an ,i !n knew h[ to   
turn to acc\nt4 ,my tea*] ca/ on "o side
 all ! usual grammatical difficulties ( 
,fr5* /udy1 he aim$ at imp>t+ ! language
 z a liv+ ?+4 ,b ,i ) my ignorance (    
language c\ld n completely foll[ ?is    
free me?od ( tea*+2 & yet1 nev]!less1 ,i
 felt t ! tea*] _h fully grasp$ ! mean+ 
& ! me?od ( 8 "w1 & ,i always enjoy$ !  
lessons on ?is acc\nt4 ,he 0 especially 
successful 9 accu/om+ my e> to ! ,fr5*  
pronunciation1 always sep>at+ & r$uc+ x 
to its simple s\nds & tones1 & nev]     
m]ely say+ ?is is pron\nc$ l ! ,g]man p1
 or b1 or ae1 or oe1 etc4 ,! be/ ?+     
result+ f ?is c\rse ( /udy 0 ! complete 
exposure ( my ignorance ( ,g]man gramm>4
 ,i mu/ d myself ! ju/ice to say t ,i _h
 giv5 myself extraord9>y tr\ble ov] !   

works ( ! mo/ celebrat$ ,g]man          
gramm>ians1 try+ to br+ life &          
int]connection or ev5 a logical         
consequ5ce into ,g]man gramm>2 b ,i only
 confus$ myself ! worse !reby4 ,"o man  
said "o ?+1 ano!r q ! rev]se2 & n "o (  
all ( !m1 z f> z ,i c\ld see1 _h educ$ 8
 !ories f ! life & nature ( ! spee*     
itself4 ,i turn$ away a second "t1 q    
di%e>t5$1 f ! ,g]man gramm>ians1 & once 
m took my own road4 ,b un=tunately ! dry
 =ms ( gramm> _h1 q aga9/ my own w1 /uck
 l scales ov] my eyes1 dimm+ my         
p]ceptions2 ,i c\ld f9d no means to rid 
myself ( !m1 & !y wr\ght fatally ^u me  
n[ & long aft]w>ds4 ,! m ?or\ghly ,i    
knew !m ! m !y /iff5$ & cru%$ me4  ,my  
dep>ture f ! s*ool 0 n[ arrang$1 & ,i   
c\ld let my m9d pursue its developm5t   
free & un%ackl$4 ,z h]et(ore1 s n[ also1
 my k9dly fate came lov+ly to my help3  
,i c nev] speak ( x ) suffici5t         
?ankfulness4 ,! ?ree lads to :om ,i _h  
hi!rto giv5 private in/ruction 9        
ari?metic & language n[ ne$$ a tutor1 z 

_! =m] tutor 0 leav+ !m4 ,! confid5tial 
*>ge 0 laid ^u me1 because ,i ( all m5  
be/ knew _! nature & its ne$s1 ( seek+  
out "s fit tea*] & educator = !m f      
among/ my acqua9tance4 ,z = myself ?is  
tutor bus9ess lay f> f my own ?\ghts1 & 
,i !re=e look$ r\nd me 9 e direction1 & 
) all e>ne/ness1 = "s "o else4 ,among/  
o!rs ,i appli$ to my elde/ bro!r1 tell+ 
him my views z to ! necess>y requirem5ts
 ( a true educator4  ,my bro!r wrote    
back v decid$ly & simply1 t he c\ld n   
propose any "o to me z a tea*] &        
educator :o w\ld fulfil ! requirem5ts ,i
 _h set =?1 & fur!r1 he did n ?9k ,i    
%\ld ev] be able to f9d su* a p]son2 =  
if "o %\ld be f\nd possess+ ample k &   
exp]i5ce ( life 9 its ext]nal aspects1  
he w\ld be defici5t 9 a vigor\s inn]    
life ( 8 own1 & 9 ! p[] to recognise &  
fo/] x 9 himself & 8 pupils2 &1 on ! o!r
 h&1 ano!r man :o might h ?is p[] w\ld  
be defici5t 9 ! fir/-nam$ 7practical7   
qualities4 ,i report$ ! result ( my     
lab\rs4 ,x caus$ mu* disappo9tm5t1 inde$

 x c\ld n be o!rwise1 because ! welf>e (
 ! *ildr5 0 really s\ght1 9 all love &  
tru?1 & ! highe/ & be/ obta9able at t   
day 0 desir$ on _! behalf4 ,! family did
 n v5ture to press ! po/ ^u me          
p]sonally1 kn[+ my love ( fre$om &      
indep5d5ce4  ,s /ood matt]s = sev]al    
mon?s4 ,at la/1 mov$ by my e>ne/        
affection = ! lads1 & by my c>e to      
des]ve ! confid5ce ) :i* _! "m _h       
entru/$ to my h&s ! provision = _!      
education1 ,i endeav\r$ to look at ?+s f
 ! po9t ( view ( _! p>5ts4 ,?is br\ght  
me at la/ to ! det]m9ation to become    
myself ! educator & tea*] ( ! lads4     
,aft] a h>d /ruggle ) myself1 ! h>de/ & 
mo/ exhau/+ ,i _h und]gone = a long "t1 
,i made kn[n my decision4 ,x 0 ?ankfully
 receiv$1 & und]/ood q 9 ! _s :i* _h    
actuat$ me 9 =m+ x4  ,i communicat$ my  
decision to ,grun]1 ) :om ,i /ill kept 9
 ! fri5dlie/ relation4 ,he look$ at me )
 d[nright a/oni%m5t1 & said1 ,y w lose  
all hopes ( ! position y h s long s\ght 
& wait$ =4 ,i repli$ t ,i %\ld protect  

myself z to my position & my relations )
 o!rs by a v def9ite writt5 contract4   
,to :i* ! man ( exp]i5ce retort$1       
,c]ta9ly1 & ev]y?+ w be punctually      
fulfill$1 s t y _c say t any "o         
condition ( all ^? y /ood out s firmly =
 has fail$ to be obs]v$2 nev]!less y w  
f9d y w lose on all po9ts4 ,s spake     
exp]i5c$ %rewdness1 & :at _h ,i to set  
aga9/ x8 ,i spoke ( ! educational       
necessities & wants ( ^! *ildr54 ,good1 
said he1 !n y w leave y\r own           
educational necessities & y\r own wants 
out ( ! "q8 ,h[ x mortifi$ me1 t worldly
 wisdom %\ld be able to speak ?us1 & t  
,i 0 unable to controv]t x6 ,we talk$ no
 m ab\t ! matt]4  ,& ke5 z 0 ! int]nal  
conflict ov] ?is decision & ?is resolve 
( m9e1 equally ke5 0 ! ext]nal conte/   
:i* ,i _h to wage 9 ent]+ on my new po/4
  ,!re 71 namely1 two immutable         
conditions 9 our agreem5t4 ,"o 0 t ,i   
%\ld nev] be compell$ to live 9 t[n ) my
 pupils1 & t :5 ,i began my duties my   
pupils %\ld be h&$ ov] entirely to my   

c>e1 )\t any re/riction2 t !y %\ld foll[
 me into ! c\ntry1 & !re =m a re/rict$ &
 p]fectly isolat$ circle1 & t :5 !y     
return$ to t[n life my duties z         
preceptor %\ld be at an end4 ,! "t =    
beg9n+ my new c>e] drew nigh4 ,z !      
/ipulat$ dwell+ = myself & my pupils 0 n
 yet ready1 ,i 0 expect$ to take up my  
abode1 = a few days1 ) my pupils 9 _!   
t[n h\se4 ,b ,i felt t x 0 cle> t ! lea/
 want ( firmness at ! outset w\ld       
endang] my :ole educational plan2 !re=e1
 ,i /ood firm1 & inde$ ga9$ my po9t1    
?\gh at ! price ( be+ call$ head/rong1  
self-will$1 & /ubborn4 ,t my assumption 
( my po/ 0 att5d$ ) a %>p conte/ 0 a v  
good & :olesome discipl9e = me4 ,x 0 !  
fitt+ inauguration ( a position & a     
sph]e ( "w :i* 0 h5ce=? to be att5d$1 = 
me1 ) p]petual & nev]-end+ /rife4  ,b z 
to ?is family & all its memb]s1 my e>ne/
 unb5d+ ma9t5ance ( my resolve _h a mo/ 
:olesome effect ^u !m1 ev5 to w9n+ 9 !  
end _! compreh5sion & approval1 ?\gh ?is
 0 lat] & long aft] ,i _h quitt$ !      

situation4 ,x 0 t5 or elev5 ye>s        
aft]w>ds--t is1 f\r or five ye>s aft] my
 dep>ture--t ! "m ( ^! lads express$ h] 
entire approval ( ! adamant9e p]sev]ance
 ,i _h exhibit$ 9 my convictions4  ,i   
ent]$ my new sph]e ( educational "w 9   
,july #ahjg4 ,i 0 tw5ty-five ye>s old1 z
 f> z ye>s w5t1 b y\ng] by sev]al ye>s 9
 reg>d to ! developm5t ( my "*4 ,i nei!r
 felt myself s old z ,i 01 nor inde$ _h 
,i any conception or realisation ( my   
age4 ,i 0 only consci\s ( ! /r5g? &     
/riv+ ( my life1 ! ext5t ( my m5tal     
culture1 ! circum/ances ( my exp]i5ce 9 
! _w1 & especially (--:at %all ,i call  
x8--! %iftlessness & undevelop$ /ate (  
my culture z f> z its helplessness ) !  
ext]nal _w 0 conc]n$1 ( my ignorance (  
life bo? z to :at x really 01 & h[ x %[$
 9 its out] aspect4 ,! /ate ( my culture
 0 su* z only to s]ve to plunge me into 
conflict1 ?r\gh ! contradiction &       
opposition 9 :i* ,i f\nd myself h5ce=w>d
 ) all exi/+ me?ods2 & consequ5tly !    
:ole p]iod ( my tutorial c>e] 0 "o      

cont9ual conte/4  ,x 0 a salut>y ?+ = me
 t ?is 0 my appo9t$ lot f ! v beg9n+4   
,n[ & lat] on ,i 0 !re=e able to say to 
myself by way ( consolation &           
enc\ragem5t3 ,y knew be=eh& j h[ x w\ld 
be4 ,/ill1 unpleasantness seldom arrives
 9 exactly ! mann] expect$1 & !         
unexpect$ is always ! h>de/ to be>4 ,?us
 x 0 ) me 9 ?is case2 my situation seem$
 to conta9 insurm\ntable difficulties4  
,i s\ght ! basis = !m 9 imp]fect        
culture2 & ! cause ( ! disconnect$      
nature ( ! culture ,i _h be5 able to    
atta91 lay1 s ,i p]ceiv$1 9 !           
int]ruptions :i* m>r$ my univ]sity c>e]4
 ,educator & tea*]1 h[ev]1 ,i _h det]m9$
 to become & to rema92 & z f> z ,i c\ld 
"k my own feel+s & my own p[]s1 ,i mu/ &
 w\ld "w out my pr(ession 9 an indep5d5t
 free fa%ion ( my own1 f\nd$ on ! view (
 man & 8 nature & relation%ips :i* _h n[
 begun to dawn ^u me4 ,yet e man f9ds x 
above all ?+s difficult to und]/&       
himself1 & especially h>d 0 x 9 my own  
case4 ,i began to ?9k t ,i mu/ look =   

help outside myself1 & seek to acquire f
 o!rs ! k & exp]i5ce ,i ne$$4  ,& ?us   
!re came to me once aga9 ! idea ( fitt+ 
myself by cont9u+ my univ]sity /udies to
 become f\nd]1 pr9cipal1 & manag] ( an  
educational e/abli%m5t ( my own4 ,b !   
fact 0 to be consid]$ t ,i _h turn$ away
 f ! educational pa? on :i* ,i _h ent]$4
 ,n[1 :5 ! imp]fection ( my tra9+ press$
 itself ^u me1 ,i n only s\ght help f   
,nature z ( old1 t s*ool allott$ to me  
by fate1 b ,i turn$ also = assi/ance to 
my fell[-m5 :o _h divid$ out ! :ole     
field ( education & tea*+ into sep>ate  
dep>tm5ts ( sci5ce1 & _h add$ to ^! !   
assi/ance ( a ri* lit]ature4 ,?is ne$ ( 
help s tr\bl$ & oppress$ me1 & ?rew my  
:ole nature into su* confusion1 t ,i    
resolv$1 z soon z might be1 once m to   
proce$ to "o ( ! univ]sities1 &         
necess>ily1 !re=e1 to rel9qui% z spe$ily
 z possible my occupation z an educator4
  ,z ,i always discuss$ ev]y?+ important
 ) my bro!r1 ,i wrote to him on ?is     
occasion z usual1 tell+ him ( my plans &

 ( my resolve4 ,b = ?is "t1 at lea/1 my 
nature 0 able to "w out its difficulty  
)\t 8 help4 ,i soon came to see t ,i _h 
fail$ to appreciate my position1 & _h   
misund]/ood myself2 &1 !re=e1 be=e ,i _h
 "t to get an answ] f my bro!r to my    
fir/ lett] ,i wrote to him aga91 tell+  
him t my univ]sity plans _h be5 giv5 up1
 & t my fix$ resolve n[ 0 to rema9 at my
 po/4 ,he rejoic$ d\bly at my decision1 
because ?is "t he w\ld h be5 unable to  
agree ) me4#ei  ,no soon] _h ,i firmly  
come to my decision ?an ,i began to     
apply my ?\ghts vigor\sly to ! subjects 
( education & in/ruction4 ,! fir/ ?+ t  
absorb$ me 0 ! cle> conviction t to     
educate prop]ly "o mu/ %>e ! life ( "o's
 pupil4 ,!n came ! que/ions1 ,:at is    
elem5t>y education8 & ( :at value are ! 
educational me?ods advocat$ by          
,pe/alozzi8 ,above all1 :at is ! purpose
 ( education8  ,9 answ]+ ! "q1 ,:at is !
 purpose ( education8 ,i reli$ at t "t  
^u ! foll[+ obs]vations3 ,man lives 9 a 
_w ( objects1 :i* influ5ce him1 & :i* he

 desires to influ5ce2 !re=e he ought to 
"k ^! objects 9 _! nature1 9 _!         
conditions1 & 9 _! relations ) ea* o!r &
 ) mank9d4 ,objects h =m1 measurem5t1 & 
numb]4  ,by ! expression1 ! ext]nal _w1 
at ?is "t ,i meant only ,nature2 my life
 0 s b\nd up 9 natural objects t ,i     
altoge!r pass$ by ! productions ( man's 
art or manufacture4 ,!re=e = a long "t x
 0 an ef=t to me to reg>d man's h&iwork1
 ) ,pe/alozzi's s*ol>s1 ,tobl] & ,hopf1 
z a prop] subject = elem5t>y culture1 & 
x broad5$ my inw>d & outw>d glance      
consid]ably :5 ,i 0 able to look ^u ! _w
 ( ! works ( man z also "p ( ! ext]nal  
_w4 ,9 ?is way ,i s\ght1 to ! ext5t (   
su* p[]s z ,i consci\sly possess$ at t  
"t1 to make cle> ! mean+ ( all ?+s ?r\gh
 man1 8 relations ) himself1 & ) !      
ext]nal _w4  ,! mo/ pregnant ?\ght :i*  
arose 9 me at ?is p]iod 0 ?is3 ,all is  
unity1 all re/s 9 unity1 all spr+s f    
unity1 /rives = & leads up to unity1 &  
returns to unity at la/4 ,?is /riv+ 9   
unity & aft] unity is ! cause ( ! sev]al

 aspects ( human life4 ,b betwe5 my inn]
 vision & my out] p]ception1            
pres5tation1 & action 0 a great gulf    
fix$4 ,!re=e x seem$ to me t ev]y?+ :i* 
%\ld or c\ld be requir$ = human         
education & in/ruction mu/ be necess>ily
 condition$ & giv51 by virtue ( ! v     
nature ( ! necess>y c\rse ( 8           
developm5t1 9 man's own be+1 & 9 !      
relation%ips amid/ :i* he is set4 ,a    
man1 x seem$ to me1 w\ld be well        
educat$1 :5 he _h be5 tra9$ to c>e = ^! 
relation%ips & to ackn[l$ge !m1 to ma/] 
!m & to survey !m4  ,i work$ h>d1       
sev]ely h>d1 dur+ ?is p]iod1 b bo? !    
me?ods & ! aims ( education came be=e me
 9 su* an incoh]5t heap1 s split up into
 little fragm5ts1 & s entirely )\t any  
k9d ( ord]1 t dur+ sev]al ye>s ,i did n 
make mu* progress t[>ds my con/ant      
purpose ( br++ all educational me?ods   
into an ord]ly sequ5ce & a liv+ unity4  
,z my habitual & !re=e *>act]i/ic       
expression ( my desires !n ran1 ,i long$
 to see1 to "k1 & to %[ =?1 all ?+s 9   

int]-connection4  ,= my good =tune1     
h[ev] !re came out ab\t t "t c]ta9      
educational writ+s by ,sell]1#fj ,jean  
,paul1#fa & o!rs4 ,!y support$ & elevat$
 me1 sometimes by _! concurr5ce ) my own
 views1 express$ above1 sometimes by ! v
 contr>y4  ,! ,pe/alozzian me?od ,i     
knew1 x is true1 9 its ma9 pr9ciples1 b 
n z a liv+ =ce1 satisfy+ ! ne$s ( man4  
,:at especially lay heavy ^u me at ?is  
"t1 h[ev]1 pa9fully felt by myself ?\gh 
n app>5t to my pupils1 0 ! utt] abs5ce (
 any organis$ connection betwe5 !       
subjects ( education4 ,joyful & unfett]$
 "w spr+s f ! conception ( all ?+s z "o 
:ole1 & =ms a life & a lifework 9 h>mony
 ) ! con/itution ( ! univ]se & re/+     
firmly ^u x4  ,t ?is 0 ! true education 
,i soon felt f]v5tly conv9c$1 & s my    
fir/ educational "w consi/$ m]ely 9 be+ 
) my pupils & influ5c+ !m by ! p[] ( my 
life & "w2 m ?an ?is ,i 0 n at all 9 a  
position to give4  ,oh1 :y is x t man   
kn[s s ill & prizes s little ! bless+s t
 he possesses = ! fir/ "t8  ,:5 ,i n[   

seek to make myself cle> z to ! prop]   
life & "w ( an educator1 my notes ( t "t
 rise fre% & fair to meet me4 ,i look   
back f n[ into t *ildhood ( my tea*]'s  
life1 & le>n f x2 j z ,i look back into 
! *ildhood ( my man's life1 & survey t1 
& le>n f t1 too4 ,:y is all *ildhood &  
y\? s full ( weal? & s unconsci\s ( x1 &
 :y does x lose x )\t kn[+ x only to    
le>n :at x possess$ :5 x is = ev] lo/8  
,ought ?is always to be s8 ,ought x to  
be s = e *ild1 = e y\?8 ,w n a "t come  
at la/1 come p]haps soon1 :5 ! exp]i5ce1
 ! insight1 ! k ( age1 & wisdom h]self1 
%all build up a def5ce1 a %elt]1 a      
protection = ! *ildhood ( y\?8 ,( :at   
use to mank9d is ! old man's exp]i5ce & 
! greybe>d's wisdom :5 !y s9k into !    
grave ) _! possessors8  ,at fir/ my life
 & my "w ) my pupils 0 conf9$ )9 n>r[   
limits4 ,x consi/$ 9 m]ely liv+1 l\ng+1 
& /roll+ 9 ! op5 air1 & go+ = walks4    
,al?\gh ,i 0 disgu/$ ) ! me?ods ( t[n   
education1 ,i did n yet v5ture to conv]t
 life amid/ ,nature into an educational 

c\rse4 ,t 0 taught me by my "y pupils   
!mselves2 & z f ! circum/ances ( my own 
culture ,i eag]ly fo/]$ to my utmo/ e   
budd+ s5se = ,nature t %[$ itself1 !re  
soon develop$ among/ !m a               
life-encompass+1 life-giv+1 & life-rais+
 enjoym5t ( natural objects4 ,9 ! foll[+
 ye>#fb ?is way ( life 0 fur!r enhanc$  
by ! fa!r giv+ 8 sons a piece ( mead[l& 
= a g>d51 at ! cultivation ( :i* we     
accord+ly work$ 9 common4 ,! greate/    
delight ( my pupils 0 to make little    
pres5ts ( ! produce ( _! g>d5 to _!     
p>5ts & also to me4 ,h[ _! eyes w\ld    
gleam ) pleasure :5 !y 7 =tunate en\gh  
to be able to accompli% ?is4 ,pretty    
plants & little %rubs f ! fields1 !     
great g>d5 ( ,god1 7 transplant$ by u to
 ! *ildr5's g>d5s1 & !re c>efully t5d$4 
,great 0 ! joy1 especially ( ! two y\ng]
 ones1 :5 su* a coloni/ frankly enroll$ 
himself among/ ! citiz5s ( ! /ate4 ,f   
?is "t =? my own *ildhood no long] seem$
 wa/$4 ,i ackn[l$g$ h[ entirely diff]5t 
a ?+ is ! cultivation ( plants1 to "o :o

 has wat*$ !m & /udi$ !m 9 all ! /ages (
 _! own free developm5t1 f :at x is to  
"o :o has always /ood alo( f ,nature4   
,& "h already1 liv+ *e]fully & joyfully 
9 ! bosom ( ,nature ) my fir/ pupils1 ,i
 began to tell myself t ! tra9+ (       
natural life 0 closely ak9 to ! tra9+ ( 
human life4 ,= did n ^? gifts ( fl[]s & 
plants express appreciation &           
ackn[l$gm5t ( ! love ( p>5ts & tea*]8 ,7
 !y n ! outcome ( ! *>act]i/ic lov+ness 
& ! en?usia/ic ?ankfulness ( *ildhood8  
,a *ild t ( its own accord & ( its own  
free w seeks out fl[]s1 c>es = !m1 &    
protects !m1 s t 9 due "t he c weave a  
g>l& or make a nosegay ) !m = 8 p>5ts or
 8 tea*]1 c nev] become a bad *ild1 a   
wick$ man4 ,su* a *ild c easily be l$   
t[>ds love1 t[>ds ?ankfulness1 t[>ds    
recognition ( ! fa!rl9ess ( ,god1 :o    
gives him ^! gifts & p]mits !m to gr[ t 
he1 z a *e]ful giv] 9 8 turn1 may gladd5
 ) !m ! he>ts ( 8 p>5ts4  ,t "t (       
conflict conta9$ )9 x an elem5t (       
special & peculi> mean+ to myself4 ,x   

br\ght be=e me my pa/ life 9 its _m     
v>i\s /ages ( developm5t2 & especially !
 *ief ev5ts :i* _h =m$ & influ5c$ x1 )  
_! causes & _! effects4 ,& x always     
seem$ to me ( p>ticul> importance to g  
back ^u ! v e>lie/ occurr5ces 9 my life4
 ,b ( ! actual matt]s ( fact ( my e>lie/
 ye>s v few traces n[ rema9$2 = my "m1  
:o c\ld h kept !m 9 h] memory = me1 & f 
:om ,i c\ld n[ h le>nt !m1 _h di$ ev5   
be=e my life _h really awak5$4 ,among/ !
 few relics rema9+ to me 0 a writt5     
address f my godmo!r 7! s-call$         
,baptismal ,lett]71 :i* %e _h s5t me    
imm$iately aft] my baptism1 accord+ to !
 ,?ur+ian cu/om ( ! "t1 z a sort (      
portion or d[ry = my entrance into life4
 ,x _h come into my possession aft] !   
dea? ( my fa!r4 ,?is lett]1 ( a simple1 
,*ri/ian1 t5d]ly religi\s1 womanly s\l1 
express$ 9 pla9 & affect+ t]ms ! true   
relation ( ! "y ,*ri/ian to t to :i* by 
8 baptism he _h become b\nd4 ,?r\gh ^!  
words ! inn] life ( bo? m9d & s\l1 ( my 
boyhood & ( my y\?1 0 br\ght be=e me )  

all its peace & bless$ness2 & ,i c\ld n 
help see+ h[ mu* t ,i !n long$ = _h s9ce
 come to pass4 ,my s\l1 ^u ?is ?\ght1   
rega9$ t orig9al inspirit+1 enlight5+1 &
 quick5+ unity ( :i* ,i /ood s mu* 9    
ne$4 ,b at ! same "t all ! resolutions (
 my boyhood & y\? also ru%$ back ^u me1 
& made x manife/ h[ mu* m _h yet to     
happ5 be=e !y1 too1 7 accompli%$2 & ) !m
 !y br\ght ! memory ( ^? types & ideals 
) :i* ! feeble boyi% imag9ation _h s\ght
 to /r5g!n itself4 ,b my life _h be5 f> 
too mu* an inw>d & /rictly p]sonal life 
to h be5 able1 or ev5 to h d>$ to /& =? 
9 any outw>dly def9ite =m1 or to take   
any fix$ relation to o!r lives1 except 9
 matt]s ( feel+ & intellig5ce4 ,inde$ ! 
p[] ( manife/+ myself prop]ly 0 a v late
 accompli%m5t ) me1 & 01 9 fact1 n ga9$ 
until long aft] ! recomm5cem5t ( my     
pres5t educational "w4#fc ,i _c n[      
rememb]1 dur+ all ! "t ( ?is educational
 "w1 t my p]sonal life /ood out 9 any   
way f ! usual ord9>y exi/5ce ( m52 b    
be=e ,i c speak ) c]ta9ty ^u ?is po9t ,i

 mu/ procure in=mation z to !           
circum/ances ( my e>li] life4 ,?is mu*  
is cle>1 t my life at ! "t ,i am speak+ 
( has rema9$ 9 my memory only 9 its     
g5]al ord9>y human aspect4 ,x is true1  
h[ev]1 t !n1 z always 9 my lat] life1 x 
0 & ev] has be5 v difficult to me to    
sep>ate 9 ?\ght my inn] life f my out]1 
& to give def9ite =m & outw>d expression
 to ! inn] life1 especially z to        
religi\s matt]s4  ,i d>e n d5y1 t al?\gh
 ! def9ite religi\s =ms ( ! ,*ur* rea*$ 
my he>t readily bo? by way ( ! emotions 
& by s9c]e conviction1 & cleans$ &      
quick5$ me1 yet ,i h always felt great  
reluctance to speak ( ^! def9ite        
religi\s =ms ) o!rs1 p>ticul>ly ) pupils
 & /ud5ts4 ,i c\ld nev] make !m s cle> &
 liv+ to a simple heal?y s\l z !y 7 to  
myself4 ,f ?is ,i conclude t ! naturally
 tra9$ *ild requires no def9ite ,*ur*   
=ms1 because ! lov+ly-fo/]$1 & !re=e    
cont9u\sly & p[]fully-develop$ human    
life1 z well z ! untr\bl$ *ild-life     
also1 is & mu/ be 9 itself a ,*ri/ian   

life4 ,i fur!r conclude t a *ild to :om 
! deep] tru?s ( life or ( religion 7    
giv5 9 ! dogmatic positive =ms ( ,*ur*  
cre$s w\ld imp]atively ne$ :5 a "y man  
to be surr\nd$ by pure & manly lives1   
:]eby ^? rigid cre$s might be illum9at$ 
& quick5$ into life4 ,o!rwise ! *ild    
runs great dang] ( ca/+ away 8 :ole     
high] life along ) ! dogmatic religi\s  
=ms :i* he has be5 unable to assimilate4
 ,!re1 inde$1 is ! mo/ elevat$ fai? to  
be f\nd1 :]e =m & life "w t[>ds a :ole1 
%$ light ^u ea* o!r1 & g side by side 9 
a si/]ly concord1 l ! inw>d life ) !    
outw>d life1 or ! special ) ! univ]sal4 
,b ,i mu/ return f ?is long digression1 
& resume ! acc\nt ( my life & "w z an   
educator4  ,bodily ex]cises 7 z yet     
unkn[n to me 9 _! educational capacity4 
,i 0 acqua9t$ only ) jump+ ov] a cord & 
) walk+ on /ilts ?r\gh my own boyi%     
practice !re94 ,z !y fell into no       
relation ) our common life1 nei!r ) !   
pursuits & ?\ghts ( my pupils nor ) my  
own1 we reg>d$ !m purely z *ildi% games4

  ,:at ! ye> br+s to a man 9 ! season :5
 ,nature lies cle> & op5 be=e him1 t x  
does n br+ to him 9 ! season :5 ,nature 
is m (t5 lock$ away f 8 gaze4 ,& z ! two
 seasons br+ div]se gifts1 s d !y       
require div]se ?+s 9 return4 ,9 ! latt] 
"p ( ! ye>1 :5 man is p]=ce driv5 m ^u  
himself1 8 occupations %\ld take on m   
n>r[ly p]sonal *>act]i/ics4 ,j z !      
w9t]'s life ) nature is m fix$ & n>r[$1 
s also is ! w9t]'s life ) m52 !re=e1 a  
boy's life at ?is "t ne$s mat]ial ( "s  
def9ite fa%ion1 or ne$s fa%ionless      
mat]ial :i* c be %ap$ into def9ite      
fa%ion4 ,my pupils soon came to me1 urg$
 by ?is new necessity4 ,:at life        
requires t life provides1 :]ev] life is 
or has be52 :at y\? requires t y\?      
provides1 :]ev] y\? is or has be54 ,&   
:at ! lat] man's life requires f a man1 
or f m5 9 g5]al1 t also is provid$ by ! 
boy's life & ! y\?'s life :5 ^! h be5   
g5u9ely liv$ ?r\gh4 ,! dem& ( my pupils 
set me ^u ! foll[+ "q3 ,:at did y d z a 
boy8 ,:at happ5$ to y to satisfy t ne$ (

 y\rs = some?+ to d & to express8 ,by   
:at1 at ! same p]iod ( y\r life1 0 ?is  
ne$ mo/ fully met1 or :at did y !n mo/  
desire = ?is purpose8 ,!n !re came to me
 a memory f out my e>lie/ boyhood1 :i*  
yield$ me all ,i want$ 9 my em]g5cy4 ,x 
0 ! easy art ( impress+ figures & =ms by
 prop]ly arrang$ simple /rokes on smoo? 
pap]4#fd ,i h (t5 made use ( ?is simple 
art 9 my lat] life1 & h nev] f\nd x fail
 9 its object2 & on ?is occasion1 too1 x
 fai?fully s]v$ my pupils & me1 = our   
skill1 at fir/ weak bo? on ! "p ( tea*] 
& pupil1 grew rapidly great] ) use4  ,f 
^! =ms impress$ ^u pap] we rose to mak+ 
=ms out ( pap] itself1 & !n to produc+  
=ms 9 pa/e-bo>d1 & f9ally 9 wood4 ,my   
lat] exp]i5ce has taught me mu* m z to !
 be/ %apes & mat]ials = ! /udy ( =ms1#fe
 ( :i* ,i %all speak 9 its prop] place4 
,i mu/1 h[ev]1 p]mit myself to dwell a  
little ^u ?is extremely simple          
occupation ( impress+ =ms on pap]1      
because at ! prop] age x q absorbs a    
boy1 & completely fills & cont5ts !     

dem&s ( 8 faculties4 ,:y is ?is8 ,x     
gives ! boy1 easily & spontane\sly1 &   
yet at ! same "t imp]ceptibly1 precise1 
cle>1 & _m-sid$ results due to 8 own    
creative p[]4  ,man is compell$ n only  
to recognise ,nature 9 h] manifold =ms &
 appe>ances1 b also to und]/& h] 9 !    
unity ( h] inn] work+1 ( h] effective   
=ce4 ,!re=e he himself foll[s ,nature's 
me?ods 9 ! c\rse ( 8 own developm5t &   
culture1 & 9 8 games he imitates ,nature
 at h] "w ( creation4 ,! e>lie/ natural 
=mations1 ! fix$ =ms ( cry/als1 seem z  
if driv5 toge!r by "s secret p[] ext]nal
 to !mselves2 & ! boy 9 8 fir/ games    
gladly imitates ^! fir/ activities (    
nature1 s t by ! "o he may le>n to      
compreh5d ! o!r4 ,does n ! boy take     
pleasure 9 build+1 & :at else are !     
e>lie/ fix$ =ms ( ,nature b built-up    
=ms8 ,h[ev]1 ?is indication t a high]   
mean+ und]lies ! occupation & games :i* 
*ildr5 *oose out = !mselves mu/ = !     
pres5t suffice4 ,& s9ce ^! spontane\s   
activities ( *ildr5 h n yet be5 ?or\ghly

 ?\ght out f a high po9t ( view1 & h n  
yet be5 reg>d$ f :at ,i might almo/ call
 _! cosmical & an?ropological side1 we  
may f day to day expect "s philosoph] to
 write a compreh5sive & important book  
ab\t !m4#ff ,f ! love1 ! att5tion1 !    
cont9u$ int]e/ & ! *e]fulness ) :i* ^!  
occupations are pli$ by *ildr5 o!r      
important consid]ations also arise1 ( q 
a diff]5t "*4  ,a boy's game necess>ily 
br+s him into "s wid] or full]          
relation%ip1 into relation%ip ) "s m    
elevat$ gr\p ( ideas4 ,is he build+ a   
h\se8--he builds x s t he may dwell 9 x 
l gr[n-up p d1 & h j su* ano!r cupbo>d1 
& s =?1 z !y h1 & be able to give p ?+s 
out ( x j z !y d4 ,& "o mu/ always take 
c>e ( ?is3 t ! *ild :o receives a pres5t
 %all n h 8 nature cramp$ & /unt$ !reby2
 accord+ to ! measure ( h[ mu* he       
receives1 s mu* mu/ he be able to give  
away4 ,9 fact1 ?is is a necessity = a   
simple-he>t$ *ild4 ,happy is t little "o
 :o und]/&s h[ to satisfy ?is ne$ ( 8   
nature1 to give by produc+ v>i\s gifts (

 8 own creation6 ,z a p]fect *ild (     
humanity1 a boy ought to desire to enjoy
 & to be/[ to ! v utmo/1 = he dimly     
feels already t he belongs to ! :ole1 to
 ! univ]sal1 to ! compreh5sive 9        
,nature1 & x is z "p ( ?is t he lives2  
!re=e1 z su* w\ld he accord+ly be       
consid]$ & s treat$4 ,:5 he has felt    
?is1 ! mo/ important means ( developm5t 
available = a human be+ at ?is /age has 
be5 discov]$4 ,) a well-dispos$ *ild at 
su* a "t no?+ has any value except z x  
may s]ve = a common possession1 = a bond
 ( union betwe5 him & 8 belov$ ones4    
,?is aspect ( ! *ild's "* mu/ be        
c>efully notic$ by p>5ts & by tea*]s1 & 
us$ by !m z a means ( awak5+ & develop+ 
! active & pres5tative side ( 8 nature2 
:]e=e none1 n ev5 ! simple/ gifts f a   
*ild1 %\ld ev] be suff]$ to be neglect$4
  ,to sket* my fir/ attempt z an        
educator 9 "o phrase1 ,i s\ght ) all my 
p[]s to give my pupils ! be/ possible   
in/ruction1 & ! be/ possible tra9+ &    
culture1 b ,i 0 unable to fulfil my     

int5tions1 to atta9 my end1 9 ! position
 ,i !n occupi$1 & ) ! degree ( culture  
to :i* ,i _h myself atta9$4  ,z soon z  
?is _h become fully evid5t to me1 x     
occurr$ to my m9d t no?+ else c\ld be s 
s]viceable to me z a soj\rn = a "t )    
,pe/alozzi4 ,i express$ my views on ?is 
head v decid$ly1 & accord+ly1 9 ! summ] 
( #ahjh1 x 0 agre$ t ,i %\ld take my    
?ree pupils ) me to ,yv]don4  ,s x soon 
aft]w>ds came ab\t ,i 0 tea*] & s*ol>1  
educator & pupil1 all at ! same "t4  ,if
 ,i 7 to attempt to put into "o s5t5ce  
all ,i expect$ to f9d at ,yv]don1 ,i    
%\ld say x 0 a vigor\s inn] life among/ 
! boys & y\?s1 quick5+1 manife/+ itself 
9 all k9ds ( creative activity1 satisfy+
 ! manysid$ness ( man1 meet+ all 8      
necessities1 & occupy+ all 8 p[]s bo?   
m5tal & bodily4 ,pe/alozzi1 s ,i imag9$1
 mu/ be ! he>t1 ! life-s\rce1 !         
spiritual guide ( ?is life & "w2 f 8    
c5tral po9t he mu/ wat* ov] ! boy's life
 9 all its be>+s1 see x 9 all its /ages 
( developm5t1 or at all ev5ts sympa?ise 

) x & feel ) x1 :e!r z ! life ( !       
individual1 ( ! family1 ( ! community1 (
 ! nation1 ( mank9d at l>ge4  ,) su*    
expectations ,i arriv$ at ,yv]don4 ,!re 
0 no educational problem ^: resolution  
,i did n firmly expect to f9d !re4 ,t my
 s\l soon fai?fully mirror$ ! life :i*  
!re fl[$ ar\nd me1 my report = #ahji    
suffici5tly %[s4#fg  ,to ?r[ myself     
completely into ! mid/1 into ! v he>t1 (
 ,pe/alozzi's "w1 ,i wi%$ to live 9 !   
ma9 build+s ( ! in/itution1 t is to say1
 9 ! ca/le itself4#fh ,we w\ld h        
*e]fully %>$ ! lot ( ! ord9>y s*ol>s1 b 
our wi% c\ld n be grant$1 "s outside    
jeal\sies /&+ 9 ! way4 ,h[ev]1 ,i soon  
f\nd a lodg+1 9 imm$iate proximity to ! 
in/itution1 s t we 7 able to jo9 !      
pupils at _! d9n]1 _! ev5+ meal1 & _!   
supp]1 & to take "p 9 ! :ole c\rses ( _!
 in/ruction1 s f> z ! subjects *os5 by u
 7 conc]n$2 inde$1 to %>e 9 _! :ole     
life4 ,i soon saw mu* t 0 imp]fect2 b1  
not)/&+1 ! activity :i* press$ =? on all
 sides1 ! vigor\s ef=t1 ! spiritual     

endeav\r ( ! life ar\nd me1 :i* c>ri$ me
 away ) x z x did all o!r m5 :o came )9 
its influ5ce1 conv9c$ me t "h ,i %\ld   
pres5tly be able to resolve all my      
difficulties4 ,z f> z reg>d$ myself     
p]sonally1 ,i _h no?+ m e>ne/ to d = !  
"t ?an to wat* t my pupils ga9$ ! fulle/
 possible pr(it f ?is life :i* 0 s ri* 9
 vig\r = bo? body & s\l4 ,accord+ly we  
%>$ all lessons toge!r2 & ,i made x my  
special bus9ess to reason out )         
,pe/alozzi ea* bran* ( in/ruction f its 
fir/ po9t ( connection ) ! re/1 & ?us to
 /udy x f its v root4  ,! =cible1       
compreh5sive1 /imulat+ life /imulat$ me 
too1 & seiz$ ^u me ) all its            
compreh5siv5ess & all its =ce4 ,x is    
true x c\ld n bl9d me to _m imp]fections
 & defici5cies1 b ^! 7 retriev$ by !    
g5]al t5d5cy & endeav\r ( ! :ole sy/em2 
= ?is1 ?\gh conta9+ sev]al absolute     
contradictions1 manife/ ev5 at t "t1 yet
 v9dicat$ on a g5]al view its inn]      
connection & hidd5 unity4 ,! p[]ful1    
indef9able1 /irr+1 & uplift+ effect     

produc$ by ,pe/alozzi :5 he spoke1 set  
"o's s\l on fire = a high]1 nobl] life1 
al?\gh he _h n made cle> or sure ! exact
 way t[>ds x1 nor indicat$ ! means :]eby
 to atta9 x4 ,?us did ! p[] &           
manysid$ness ( ! educational ef=t make  
up = defici5cy 9 unity &                
compreh5siv5ess2 & ! love1 ! w>m?1 ! /ir
 ( ! :ole1 ! human k9dness & b5evol5ce (
 x replac$ ! want ( cle>ness1 dep?1     
?or\ghness1 ext5t1 p]sev]ance1 &        
/ead9ess4 ,9 ?is way ea* sep>ate bran* (
 education 0 9 su* a condition z to     
p[]fully int]e/1 b nev] :olly to cont5t 
! obs]v]1 s9ce x prep>$ only fur!r      
division & sep>ation & did n t5d t[>ds  
unity4  ,! want ( unity ( ef=t1 bo? z to
 means & aims1 ,i soon felt2 ,i         
recognis$ x 9 ! inadequacy1 !           
incomplet5ess1 & ! unlik5ess ( ! ways 9 
:i* ! v>i\s subjects 7 taught4 ,!re=e ,i
 endeav\r$ to ga9 ! greate/ possible    
insight into all1 & became a s*ol> 9 all
 subjects--ari?metic1 =m1 s++1 read+1   
draw+1 language1 physical geography1 !  

natural sci5ces1 etc4  ,i c\ld see      
some?+ high]1 & ,i believ$ 9 a high]    
effici5cy1 a clos] unity ( ! :ole       
educational sy/em2 9 tru?1 ,i believ$ ,i
 saw ?is cle>]1 ?\gh n ) great]         
conviction1 ?an ,pe/alozzi himself4 ,i  
held t l& happy1 t man =tunate1 by :om !
 means ( true education %\ld be develop$
 & appli$1 & ! wi% to see ?is b5efit    
conf]r$ ^u my c\ntry naturally sprang f 
! love ,i bore my native l&4#fi ,!      
result 0 ! writt5 record ( #ahji already
 ref]r$ to4  ,:]e !re is ! g]m (        
disunion1 :]e ! :ole is split up1 ev5   
sometimes into contradictory p>ts1 & :]e
 an absolute reconcil+ unity is want+1  
:]e :at connection !re may be is d]iv$ r
 f casual outw>d ties ?an f inn]        
necess>y union1 ! :ole sy/em mu/ (      
necessity dig its own grave1 & become   
its own murd]]4 ,n[ x 0 exactly at su* a
 "t ( supreme crisis t ,i _h ! good or !
 evil =tune to be at ,yv]don4 ,all t 0  
good & all t 0 bad1 all t 0 pr(itable & 
all t 0 unpr(itable1 all t 0 /rong & all

 t 0 weak1 all t 0 empty & all t 0 full1
 all t 0 selfi% & all t 0 unselfi%      
among/ ,pe/alozzi & 8 fri5ds1 0 display$
 op5ly be=e me4  ,i happ5$ to be !re    
precisely at ! "t ( ! great ,commission 
( #ahaj4 ,nei!r ,pe/alozzi nor 8 s-call$
 fri5ds1 nei!r any individuals nor !    
:ole community1 c\ld give me1 or w\ld   
give me1 :at ,i want$4 ,9 ! me?ods laid 
d[n by !m = tea*+ boys1 = ! ?or\gh      
education ( boys z "p ( "o great human  
family1--t is1 = _! high]               
in/ruction1--,i fail$ to f9d t          
compreh5siv5ess :i* is alone suffici5t  
to satisfy ! human be+4 ,?us x 0 )      
natural hi/ory1 natural sci5ce1 ,g]man1 
& language g5]ally1 ) hi/ory1 & above   
all1 ) religi\s in/ruction4 ,pe/alozzi's
 devotional addresses 7 v vague1 &1 z   
exp]i5ce %[$1 7 only s]viceable to ^?   
already 9 ! "r way4#gj ,i spoke ( all ^!
 ?+s v e>ne/ly & decid$ly ) ,pe/alozzi1 
& at la/ ,i made up my m9d1 9 #ahaj1 to 
quit ,yv]don along ) my pupils4  ,b be=e
 ,i cont9ue fur!r "h1 x is my duty to   

consid] my life & "w f yet ano!r po9t ( 
view4  ,among/ ! v>i\s bran*es (        
education1 ! tea*+ ( languages /ruck me 
) especial =ce z defective1 on acc\nt ( 
its great imp]fection1 its caprici\sness
 & lifelessness4 ,! se>* = a            
satisfactory me?od = our native language
 occupi$ me 9 pref]5ce to any?+ else4 ,i
 proce$$ on ! foll[+ basis3--  ,language
 is an image1 a repres5tation ( our     
sep>ate 7subject7 _w1 & becomes manife/ 
to ! 7object7 _w outside ourselves      
pr9cipally ?r\gh comb9$ & ord]$ s\nds4  
,if1 !re=e1 ,i w\ld image =? any?+      
correctly1 ,i mu/ "k ! real nature ( !  
orig9al object4 ,! !me ( our imag]y &   
repres5tation1 ! outside _w1 conta9s    
objects1 !re=e ,i mu/ h a def9ite =m1 a 
def9ite succession ( s\nds1 a def9ite ^w
 to express ea* object4 ,! objects h    
qualities1 !re=e our language mu/ conta9
 adjectives express+ ^! qualities4 ,!   
qualities ( objects are fundam5tal or   
relative2 express :at !y are1 :at !y    
possess1 & :at !y become4  ,pass+ n[ to 

s++ & music1 x happ5$ v luckily = me t j
 at ?is "t ,naegeli & ,pfeif] br\ght out
 _! ,treatise on ! ,con/ruction ( a     
,musical ,c\rse accord+ to ! ,pr9ciples 
( ,pe/alozzi4 ,naegeli's k ( music      
g5]ally1 & especially ( *ur* music1 made
 a p[]ful impression ^u me1 & br\ght    
music & s++ be=e me z a means = human   
culture2 sett+ ! cultivation ( music1 & 
especially ( s++1 9 a high] light ?an ,i
 _h ev] conceiv$ possible4 ,naegeli 0 v 
capable 9 tea*+ music & s++1 & 9        
repres5t+ _! function z inspir+ aids to 
pure human life2 & al?\gh ne>ly tw5ty   
ye>s h elaps$ s9ce ,i he>d ^? lessons ( 
81 ! fire ( ! love = music :i* !y k9dl$ 
burns yet1 active = good1 )9 my brea/4  
,& fur!r1 ,i 0 taught & conv9c$ by ^!   
two sup]-excell5t music tea*]s1 :o      
in/ruct$ my pupils1 t purely in/rum5tal 
music1 su* z t ( ! viol9 or ( !         
pian(orte1 is also 9 its ess5ce bas$ ^u 
& d]iv$ f vocal music1 ?\gh develop$    
?r\gh ! indep5d5t discov]y ( a few      
simple s\nd-produc+ in/rum5ts4 ,n only h

 ,i nev] s9ce left ! pa? ?us op5$ to me 
at its orig91 b ,i h consi/5tly trac$ x 
onw>ds 9 all c>e & love1 & cont9ue to   
rejoice 9 ! excell5t results obta9$4    
,?is c\rse ( music-tea*+1 z ext5d$ &    
appli$ lat] on1 has always enjoy$ !     
approbation ( ! ?\ghtful & exp]i5c$     
among/ music tea*]s4  ,i also /udi$ !   
boys' play1 ! :ole s]ies ( games 9 ! op5
 air1 & le>n$ to recognise _! mighty p[]
 to awake & to /r5g!n ! intellig5ce & ! 
s\l z well z ! body4 ,9 ^! games & :at 0
 connect$ ) !m ,i detect$ ! ma9spr+ ( ! 
moral /r5g? :i* animat$ ! pupils & ! "y 
p 9 ! in/itution4 ,! games1 z ,i am n[  
f]v5tly assur$1 =m$ a m5tal ba? (       
extraord9>y /r5g!n+-p[]2#ga & al?\gh !  
s5se ( ! high] symbolic mean+ ( games _h
 n yet dawn$ ^u me1 ,i 0 nev]!less able 
to p]ceive 9 ea* boy g5u9ely at play a  
moral /r5g? gov]n+ bo? m9d & body :i*   
won my highe/ e/eem4  ,closely ak9 to ! 
games 9 _! morally /r5g!n+ aspect 7 !   
walks1 especially ^? ( ! g5]al walk+    
p>ties1 m p>ticul>ly :5 conduct$ by     

,pe/alozzi himself4 ,^! walks 7 by no   
means always meant to be opportunities =
 draw+ close to ,nature1 b ,nature      
h]self1 ?\gh uns\ght1 always drew !     
walk]s close to h]4 ,e contact ) h]     
elevates1 /r5g!ns1 purifies4 ,x is f ?is
 cause t ,nature1 l noble great-s\l$ m51
 w9s u to h]2 & :5ev] s*ool or tea*+    
duties gave me respite1 my life at ?is  
"t 0 always pass$ amid/ natural sc5es & 
9 communion ) ,nature4 ,f ! tops ( !    
high m\nta9s ne> by ,i us$ to rejoice 9 
! cle> & /ill sunset1 9 ! p9e-=e/s1 !   
glaci]s1 ! m\nta9 mead[s1 all ba!d 9    
rosy light4 ,su* an ev5+ walk came inde$
 to be an almo/ irresi/ible necessity to
 me aft] ea* actively-sp5t day4 ,z ,i   
w&]$ on ! sunlit1 f>-/ret*+ hills1 or   
along ! /ill %ore ( ! lake1 cle> z      
cry/al1 smoo? z a mirror1 or 9 ! %ady   
groves1 "u ! tall =e/ trees1 my _s grew 
full ) ideas ( ! truly god-l nature &   
priceless value ( a man's s\l1 & ,i     
gladd5$ myself ) ! consid]ation ( mank9d
 z ! belov$ *ildr5 ( ,god4 ,!re is no "q

 b t ,pe/alozzi's g5]al addresses1      
especially ^? deliv]$ 9 ! ev5+1 :5 he   
us$ to delight 9 evok+ a picture ( noble
 manl9ess & true love ( mank9d &        
develop+ x 9 all its details1 v p[]fully
 contribut$ t[>ds ar\s+ su* an inn] life
 z t j describ$4  ,yet ,i did n lose    
myself 9 empty fancies2 on ! contr>y1 ,i
 kept my practical "w con/antly be=e my 
eyes4 ,f ?9k+ ab\t my dead p>5ts my     
?\ghts w\ld w&] back ov] ! re/ ( my     
family1 turn+ mo/ (t5 to t de> elde/    
bro!r ( m9e1 :o has n[ n be5 ref]r$ to =
 "s "t 9 ^! pages4 ,he _h become !      
fai?ful wat*ful fa!r ( sev]al *ildr54 ,i
 %>$ 9 8 unaffect$ fa!rly c>es1 & my s\l
 0 p5etrat$ ) ! desire t he might be    
able to give 8 sons su* an education z  
,i %\ld feel oblig$ to po9t out to him z
 be+ ! be/4 ,already1 ev] s9ce ,i 0 at  
,frankfurt1 ,i _h communicat$ to him my 
?\ghts on education & me?ods ( tea*+4   
,:at n[ occurr$ to me out ( my new k z  
applicable to 8 case1 ,i extract$1      
collect$ toge!r1 & classifi$1 s z to be 

able to imp>t x to him = 8 use at ! fir/
 opportunity4  ,"o ?+ :i* greatly       
contribut$ to ! bett] consid]ation &    
elucidation ( ! ,pe/alozzian mode (     
tea*+ 0 ! pres5ce ( a l>ge numb] ( "y m5
 s5t f v>i\s gov]nm5ts z /ud5ts to      
,yv]don4 ,) "s ( ^! ,i 0 on t]ms (      
intimacy1 & to ! ex*ange ( ideas :i* w5t
 on among/ u ,i owe at lea/ z mu* z to  
my own obs]vation4  ,on ! :ole ,i pass$ 
a glori\s "t at ,yv]don1 elevat$ 9 tone1
 & critically decisive = my aft] life4  
,at its close1 h[ev]1 ,i felt m cle>ly  
?an ev] ! defici5cy ( inn] unity &      
int]dep5d5ce1 z well z ( outw>d         
compreh5siv5ess & ?or\ghness 9 ! tea*+  
!re4  ,to obta9 ! means ( a satisfactory
 judgm5t ^u ! be/ me?od ( tea*+ !       
classical tongues1 ,i took ,greek &     
,lat9 "u a "y ,g]man1 :o 0 /ay+ !re at t
 "t2 b ,i 0 con/ruct+ a me?od ( my own  
all ! :ile1 by obs]v+ all ! po9ts :i*   
seem$ valuable1 z !y occurr$ 9 actual   
tea*+4 ,b ! want ( a satisfactory       
pres5tation ( ! classical tongues z "p (

 ! g5]al means ( education & culture (  
mank9d1 especially :5 add$ to ! want ( a
 consid]ation ( natural hi/ory z a      
compreh5sive & necess>y means (         
education1 & above all ! unc]ta9 wav]+ (
 ! gr\nd-pr9ciples on :i* ! :ole        
education & tea*+ re/$ at ,yv]don1      
decid$ me n only to take my pupils back 
to _! p>5ts' h\se1 b to ab&on altoge!r  
my pres5t educational "w1 9 ord] to     
equip myself1 by r5ew$ /udy at "s ,g]man
 univ]sity1 ) t due k ( natural sci5ce  
:i* n[ seem$ to me q indisp5sable = an  
educator4  ,9 ! ye> #ahaj ,i return$ f  
,yv]don by ,b]n1 ,s*affhaus51 & ,/uttg>t
 to ,frankfurt4  ,i %\ld h prep>$ to g  
to ! univ]sity at once1 b f\nd myself   
oblig$ to rema9 at my po/ till ! ,july (
 ! foll[+ ye>4 ,! piece-meal condition (
 ! me?ods ( tea*+ & ( education :i*     
surr\nd$ me hung heavy on my m9d1 s t ,i
 0 extremely glad :5 at la/ ,i 0 able to
 %ake myself free f my position4  ,9 !  
beg9n+ ( ,july #ahaa ,i w5t to ,goett+54
 ,i w5t up at once1 al?\gh x 0 9 !      

middle ( ! session1 because ,i felt t ,i
 %\ld require sev]al mon?s to see my way
 t[>ds h>monis+ my inw>d ) my outw>d    
life1 & reconcil+ my ?\ghts ) my        
actions4 ,& x 0 9 tru? sev]al mon?s be=e
 ,i ga9$ peace )9 myself1 & be=e ,i     
arriv$ at t unity :i* 0 s necess>y to   
me1 betwe5 my inw>d & my outw>d life1 & 
at ! equally necess>y h>mony betwe5 aim1
 c>e]1 & me?od4  ,mank9d z a :ole1 z "o 
great unity1 _h n[ become my quick5+    
?\ght4 ,i kept ?is conception cont9ually
 be=e my m9d4 ,i s\ght aft] pro(s ( x 9 
my little _w )91 & 9 ! great _w )\t me2 
,i desir$ by _m a /ruggle to w9 x1 & !n 
to set x wor?ily =?4 ,& ?us ,i 0 l$ back
 to ! fir/ appe>ance ( man ^u our e>?1  
to ! l& :i* fir/ saw man1 & to ! fir/   
manife/ation ( mank9d1 8 spee*4         
,l+ui/ic /udies1 ! le>n+ ( languages1   
philology1 etc41 n[ =m$ ! object ( my   
attack4 ,! /udy ( ,ori5tal tongues seem$
 to me ! c5tral po9t1 ! f\nta9 head1    
:i!r my se>* 0 lead+ me2 & at once ,i   
began ^u !m ) ,hebrew & ,arabic4 ,i _h a

 dim idea ( op5+ up a pa? ?r\gh !m to   
o!r ,asiatic tongues1 p>ticul>ly ^? (   
,india#gb & ,p]sia4 ,i 0 p[]fully       
/imulat$ & attract$ by :at ,i _h he>d   
ab\t ! /udy ( ^! languages1 !n 9 its    
e>ly y\?--namely1 ! ackn[l$gm5t ( a     
relation%ip betwe5 ,p]sian & ,g]man4    
,greek also attract$ me 9 q a special   
way on acc\nt ( its inn] fulness1       
organisation1 & regul>ity4 ,my :ole "t &
 en]gy 7 devot$ to ! two languages ,i h 
nam$4#gc ,b ,i did n get f> ) ,hebrew 9 
spite ( my g5u9e zeal & my /rict way )  
myself1 because betwe5 ! mann] ( look+  
at a language cong5ial to my m9d & !    
mann] 9 :i* ! elem5t>y lesson book      
pres5t$ x to me1 lay a va/ *asm :i* ,i  
c\ld f9d no means to bridge ov]4 ,9 ! =m
 9 :i* language 0 (f]$ to me1 ,i c\ld   
f9d & see no means ( mak+ x a liv+ /udy2
 & yet1 nev]!less1 no?+ w\ld h drawn me 
f my l+ui/ic /udies _h ,i n be5 assur$  
by educat$ m5 t ^! /udies1 especially my
 "w on ,indian & ,p]sian tongues1 7 9   
reality q beside ! m>k at :i* ,i aim$4  

,hebrew also 0 ab&on$2 b1 on ! o!r h&1  
,greek irresi/ibly en?rall$ me1 & ne>ly 
all my "t & en]gy 7 f9ally giv5 to its  
/udy1 ) ! help ( ! be/ books4  ,i 0 n[  
free1 happy1 9 good m5tal & bodily heal?
 & vig\r1 & ,i ga9$ peace )9 myself &   
)\t1 ?r\gh h>d "w1 int]rupt$ only by an 
indisposition :i* kept me to my room = a
 few weeks4 ,aft] work+ all day alone1  
,i us$ to walk out late 9 ! ev5+1 s t at
 lea/ ,i might receive a greet+ f !     
fri5dly beams ( ! sett+ sun4 ,to        
invigorate my _s z well z my bodily     
frame ,i w\ld walk on till ne> midnight 
9 ! beautiful neighb\rhood :i* surr\nds 
,goett+54 ,! glitt]+ />ry sky h>monis$  
well ) my ?\ghts1 & a new object :i*    
appe>$ 9 ! heav5s at ?is "t1 ar\s$ my   
wond] 9 an especial degree4 ,i knew b   
little ( a/ronomy1 & ! expect$ arrival (
 a l>ge comet#gd 01 !re=e1 q unkn[n to  
me2 s t ,i f\nd out ! comet = myself1 & 
t 0 a s\rce ( special attraction4 ,?is  
object absorb$ my contemplation 9 ^?    
sil5t nights1 & ! ?\ght ( ! all-embrac+1

 wide-spread+ sph]e ( law & ord] above1 
develop$ & %ap$ itself 9 my m9d )       
especial =ce dur+ my night-w&]+s4 ,i (t5
 turn$ back home t ,i might note d[n 9  
_! fre%ness ! results ( ^! mus+s2 & !n  
aft] a %ort sleep ,i rose aga9 to pursue
 my /udies4  ,9 ?is way ! la/ half ( !  
summ] session pass$ quickly away1 &     
,mi*aelmas arriv$4  ,! developm5t ( my  
inn] life _h mean:ile ins5sibly drawn me
 little by little q away f ! /udy (     
languages1 & l$ me t[>ds ! deep]-ly+    
unity ( natural objects4 ,my e>li] plan 
gradually reass]t$ itself1 to /udy      
,nature 9 h] fir/ =ms & elem5ts4 ,b !   
funds :i* /ill rema9$ to me 7 n[ too    
small to p]mit ( ! long] resid5ce at !  
univ]sity :i* t plan necessitat$4 ,z ,i 
_h no?+ at all n[ to dep5d ^u save my   
own unaid$ p[]s1 ,i at fir/ ?\ght to ga9
 my object by turn+ !m to "s practical  
acc\nt1 su* z lit]>y "w4 ,i _h already  
begun to prep>e = ?is1 :5 an unexpect$  
legacy *ang$ my :ole position4 ,up to n[
 ,i _h _h "o aunt /ill liv+1 a si/] ( my

 "m's1 :o _h sp5t all ! be/ ye>s ( h]   
life 9 my native village1 enjoy+        
excell5t heal? & free f c>e4 ,by h]     
sudd5 dea? ,i obta9$1 9 a mann] ,i _h   
little expect$1 ! means ( pursu+ my     
mu*-desir$ /udies4 ,?is occurr5ce made a
 v deep impression ^u me1 because ?is   
lady 0 ! si/] ( t uncle ( m9e ^: dea? _h
 enabl$ me to travel f ,gross ,mil*[ to 
,frankfurt1 & s fir/ set me ^u my c>e] z
 an educator4 ,& n[ aga9 ! dea? ( a lov$
 "o made x possible = me to atta9 high] 
culture 9 ! s]vice ( ?is c>e]4 ,bo?     
bro!r & si/] _h lov$ ) ! close/         
affection my own "m1 dead s f> too soon1
 & ?is love !y _h ext5d$ to h] *ildr5   
aft] h]4 ,may ^! two lov+ & belov$ ones 
:o ?r\gh _! dea? gave me a high] life & 
a high] vocation1 live = ev] ?r\gh my "w
 & my c>e]4  ,my position 0 n[ a v      
pleasant "o1 & ,i felt soo?+ & *e]+     
influ5ces su* z _h n visit$ me be=e4  ,9
 ! autumn holidays1 too1 a fri5dly home 
0 ready to receive me4 ,besides !       
c\ntry-cl]gyman bro!r1 :o s (t5 0 a p[] 

= good 9 my life1 ,i _h ano!r bro!r1    
also old] ?an ,i1 :o _h be5 liv+ m ?an  
t5 ye>s z a well-e/abli%$ tradesman &   
citiz5 9 ,o/]ode1 among/ ! ,h>z         
,m\nta9s2 head ( a quiet1 self-conta9$1 
happy family1 & fa!r ( "s f9e *ildr54   
,my previ\s life & endeav\rs z an       
educator _h already br\ght me into      
connection ) ?is circle2 = ,i _h n fail$
 :5ev] ,i f\nd any?+ suitable to my     
bro!r's ne$s to let him "k ( x1 z he 0 !
 consci5ti\s tea*] & educator ( 8 own   
*ildr54 ,x 0 9 ?is peaceful1 active     
family-circle ( an intellectual         
tradesman's home t ,i pass$ all !       
vacation "t dur+ :i* ! univ]sity        
regulations releas$ me f vigor\s "w4 ,x 
c\ld n prove o!rwise ?an t su* a visit  
%\ld be ( ! greate/ s]vice to me 9 my   
g5]al developm5t1 & ,i rememb] x )      
?ankfulness ev5 yet on t acc\nt4  ,i    
return n[ to my univ]sity life4         
,physics1 *emi/ry1 m9]alogy1 & natural  
hi/ory 9 g5]al1 7 my pr9cipal /udies4   
,! inn] law & ord] embrac+ all ?+s1 & 9 

itself condition$ & necessitat$1 n[     
pres5t$ itself to me 9 su* cle>ness t ,i
 c\ld see no?+ ei!r 9 nature or 9 life 9
 :i* x 0 n made manife/1 al?\gh v>y+    
greatly accord+ to its sev]al           
manife/ations1 9 complexity & 9         
gradation4 ,j at ?is "t ^? great        
discov]ies ( ! ,fr5* & ,engli%          
philosoph]s became g5]ally kn[n ?r\gh   
:i* ! great manifold ext]nal _w 0 se5 to
 =m a compreh5sive out] unity4 ,& !     
lab\rs ( ! ,g]man & ,sw$i% philosoph]s  
to express ^! ess5tially condition$     
fundam5tal laws 9 t]ms ( weight & numb]1
 s t !y might be /udi$ & und]/ood 9 _!  
mo/ exact expression1 & 9 _! mutual     
int]*ange & connection1 fitt$ 9 exactly 
) my own long+s & endeav\rs4 ,natural   
sci5ce & natural rese>*es n[ seem$ to   
me1 :ile !mselves belong+ to a di/9ct   
plane ( vital ph5om5a1 ! f\ndation &    
corn]/ones :i* s]v$ to make cle> &      
def9ite ! laws & ! progress ( !         
developm5t1 ! culture1 & ! education (  
mank9d4  ,x 0 b natural t su* /udies    

%\ld totally absorb me1 occupy my :ole  
en]gies1 & keep me mo/ busily employ$4  
,i /udi$ *emi/ry & physics ) ! greate/  
possible zeal1 b ! tea*+ ( ! latt] did n
 satisfy me s ?or\ghly z t ( ! =m]4     
,:at 9 ! curr5t half-ye>'s t]m ,i 0     
reg>d+ r f a !oretical /&po9t1 ,i int5d$
 9 ! next half-ye> to /udy practically z
 a factor ( actual life3 h5ce ,i pass$  
to organic *emi/ry & geology4#ge ,^?    
laws :i* ,i 0 able to obs]ve 9 ,nature  
,i desir$ to trace also 9 ! life &      
proce$+s ( man1 :]e=e ,i add$ to my     
previ\s /udies hi/ory1 politics1 &      
political economy4 ,^! practical        
dep>tm5ts ( k br\ght vividly home to me 
! great tru? t ! mo/ valuable weal? a   
man c possess lies 9 a cultivat$ m9d1 & 
9 its suitable ex]cise ^u matt]s gr[+   
out ( its own natural conditions4 ,i saw
 fur!r t weal? arose q z mu* f vig\r (  
production z f sav+ by economical use2 &
 t ^? productions 7 ! mo/ valuable (    
all1 :i* 7 ! outcome & repres5tation (  
l(ty ideas or rem>kable ?\ghts2 &       

f9ally1 t politics itself 0 9 its ess5ce
 b a means ( uplift+ man f ! necessities
 ( ,nature & ( life to ! fre$om ( ! _s &
 ! w4  ,:ile ,i receiv$ mu* b5efit f !  
lectures on natural hi/ory at !         
univ]sity1 ,i c\ld n fall 9 ) ! views   
held !re z to fix$ =ms--cry/allography1 
m9]alogy1 & natural philosophy4 ,f :at  
,i _h he>d ( ! natural hi/ory lectures (
 ,pr(essor ,weiss 9 ,b]l91 ,i felt sure 
t ,i c\ld acquire a correct view ( bo?  
^! subjects f him4 ,& also s9ce my means
 w\ld n all[ me to /ay ev5 s long z "o  
entire session m at ,goett+51 :il/ on ! 
o!r h& ,i might hope at ,b]l9 to e>n    
en\gh by tea*+ to ma9ta9 a long]        
univ]sity c>e] !re1 ,i came to !        
conclusion to g to ,b]l9 at ! beg9n+ ( !
 next w9t] session to /udy m9]alogy1    
geology1 & cry/allography "u ,weiss1 z  
well z to d "s "w at physics & physical 
laws4  ,aft] a /ay ( a few weeks ) my   
bro!r at ,o/]ode1 ,i w5t to ,b]l9 9     
,octob] #ahab4  ,! lectures = :i* ,i _h 
s long$ really came up to ! ne$s ( my   

m9d & s\l1 & awak5$ 9 me1 m f]v5t ?an   
ev]1 ! c]ta9ty ( ! demon/rable inn]     
connection ( ! :ole cosmical developm5t 
( ! univ]se4 ,i saw also ! possibility (
 man's becom+ consci\s ( ?is absolute   
unity ( ! univ]se1 z well z ( ! div]sity
 ( ?+s & appe>ances :i* is p]petually   
unfold+ itself )9 t unity2 & !n1 :5 ,i  
_h made cle> to myself1 & br\ght fully  
home to my consci\sness1 ! view t !     
inf9itely v>i$ ph5om5a 9 man's life1 "w1
 ?\ght1 feel+1 & position1 7 all summ$  
up 9 ! unity ( 8 p]sonal exi/5ce1 ,i    
felt myself able to turn my ?\ghts once 
m to educational problems4  ,to make    
sure ( my p[] to ma9ta9 myself at !     
univ]sity1 ,i und]took "s tea*+ at a    
private s*ool ( good reputation4#gf ,my 
"w "h1 beyond ! suffici5t support x     
af=d$ me dur+ resid5ce1 _h no positive  
effect ^u ! endeav\r ( my life1 = ,i    
f\nd nei!r high intellig5ce1 l(ty aims1 
nor unity 9 ! c\rse ( in/ruction4  ,!   
fateful ye> #ahac _h n[ begun4 ,all m5  
grasp$ weapons1 & call$ on "o ano!r to  

fly to arms to def5d ! ,fa!rl&4 ,i1 too1
 _h a home1 x is true1 a bir?place1 ,i  
might say a ,mo!rl&1 b ,i c\ld n feel t 
,i _h a ,fa!rl&4#gg ,my home s5t up no  
cry to me2 ,i 0 no ,prussian1#gh & ?us x
 came ab\t t ! univ]sal call to arms 79 
,b]l97 affect$ me1 9 my retir$ life1 b  
little4 ,x 0 q ano!r s5tim5t :i* drew me
 to jo9 ! ranks ( ,g]man soldi]s2 my    
en?usiasm 0 possibly small1 b my        
det]m9ation 0 firmly fix$ z ! rocks     
!mselves4  ,?is s5tim5t 0 ! consci\sness
 ( a pure ,g]man bro!rhood1 :i* ,i _h   
always hon\r$ 9 my s\l z a l(ty &       
sublime ideal2 "o :i* ,i e>ne/ly desir$ 
might make itself felt 9 all its fulness
 & fre$om all ov] ,g]many4  ,besides !  
fidelity ) :i* ,i clung to my avocation 
z an educator also influ5c$ my action 9 
?is matt]4 ,ev5 if ,i c\ld n say truly t
 ,i _h a ,fa!rl&1 ,i mu/ yet ackn[l$ge t
 e boy1 t e *ild1 :o might p]haps lat]  
on come to be educat$ by me w\ld h a    
,fa!rl&1 t ?is ,fa!rl& 0 n[ requir+     
def5ce1 & t ! *ild 0 n 9 a position to  

%>e 9 t def5ce4 ,x did n seem possible  
to imag9e t a "y man capable ( be>+ arms
 c\ld become a tea*] ( *ildr5 & boys ^: 
,fa!rl& he _h refus$ to def5d ) 8 blood 
& ev5 ) 8 life if ne$ 72 t he :o n[ did 
n feel a%am$ to %r9k f bl[s c\ld exi/   
)\t blu%+ 9 aft] ye>s1 or c\ld incite 8 
pupils to d some?+ noble1 some?+ call+ =
 sacrifice & = unselfi%ness1 )\t expos+ 
himself to _! d]ision & contempt4 ,su* 0
 ! second ma9 reason :i* influ5c$ me4   
,?irdly1 ?is summons to w> seem$ to me  
an expression ( ! g5]al ne$ ( ! m51 !   
l&1 & ! times amid/ :i* ,i liv$1 & ,i   
felt t x w\ld be altoge!r unwor?y &     
unmanly to /& by )\t fight+ = ?is g5]al 
ne$1 & )\t tak+ my %>e 9 w>d+ (f ! g5]al
 dang]4  ,be=e ^! convictions all       
consid]ations gave way1 ev5 t ( my      
bodily con/itution1 :i* 0 f> too weakly 
= su* a life4  ,z comrades ,i select$ ! 
,luetz[]s2 & at ,ea/]tide #ahac ,i      
arriv$ at ,dresd5 on my road to jo9 !   
infantry division ( ,luetz['s corps at  
,leipzig4#gi ,?r\gh ! retir$ nature ( my

 self-conc5trat$ life x came ab\t       
naturally t ,i1 al?\gh a regul>ly       
matriculat$ /ud5t1 _h held alo( f ! o!r 
/ud5ts1 & _h ga9$ no settl$ acqua9tance 
among/ !m2 ?us1 out ( all ! vigor\s     
comrades :om ,i met at ,dresd51 _m ( :om
 7 l myself1 ,b]l9 /ud5ts1 ,i did n f9d 
"o man ,i knew4 ,i made b few new fri5ds
 9 ! army1 & ^! few ,i 0 fat$ to enc\nt]
 on ! fir/ day ( my entrance into my new
 "w ( soldi]+4 ,our s]geant at ! fir/   
morn+ halt aft] our m>* out f ,dresd51  
introduc$ me to a comrade f ,erfurt z a 
,?u]+]1 & !re=e a fell[-c\ntryman4 ,?is 
0 ,lange?al2 & casually z our           
acqua9tance ?us began1 x prov$ to be a  
la/+ fri5d%ip4 ,our fir/ day's m>* 0 to 
,meiss51 :]e we halt$4 ,we _h enjoy$    
lovely spr+ wea!r dur+ our m>*1 & our   
repose 0 gladd5$ by a /ill loveli] ev5+4
 ,i f\nd all ! univ]sity /ud5ts ( !     
corps1 driv5 by a l impulse1 collect$   
toge!r 9 an op5 place by ! %ores ( ,elbe
 & ne> a public re/aurant2 & "s old     
,meiss5 w9e soon s]v$ u z a bond (      

union4 ,we sat ab\t tw5ty /rong 9 a     
jolly gr\p at a long table1 & began by  
welcom+ & pl$g+ "o ano!r to fri5d%ip4 ,x
 0 "h t ,lange?al introduc$ me to a     
univ]sity fri5d ( 8 at ,b]l91 ! "y      
,midd5dorff1 a div9ity /ud5t f !        
,m>k4#hj ,keep+ toge!r 9 a m]ry little  
society till ! middle ( ! lovely spr+   
night1 we unit$ aga9 next morn+ 9 a     
visit to ! spl5did ca!dral ( ,meiss54   
,?us f ! v fir/ did we ?ree jo9 fa/ 9 a 
common /ruggle t[>ds & on behalf ( !    
high] life1 & ev5 if we h n always      
rema9$ 9 ! l close outw>d bonds ( union1
 we h f t "t to ?is1 n[ ne> ^u fifte5   
ye>s1 nev] lo/ our comrade%ip 9 ! inn]  
life & our common endeav\r aft]         
self-education4 ,bo? ,lange?al &        
,midd5dorff _h a ?ird fri5d1 nam$ ,bau]1
 among/ our comrades ( ! camp4 ,) him   
also1 z ,i ?9k1 ,i made acqua9tance z   
e>ly z at ,meiss51 b x 0 m p>ticul>ly at
 ,havelb]g1 lat] on1 t ,bau] & ,i /ruck 
up a fri5d%ip toge!r1 :i* has ev] s9ce  
endur$4 ,ev5 :5 we h n be5 toge!r 9     

outw>d life1 we h always rema9$ "o 9 our
 endeav\rs aft] ! highe/ & be/4 ,bau]   
clos$ ! n>r[ circle ( my fri5ds among/  
our companions 9 arms4#ha  ,i rema9$    
true to my previ\s way ( life & ?\ght 9 
! mann] 9 :i* ,i view$ my new soldi]    
life4 ,my ma9 c>e 0 always to educate   
myself = ! actual call+ :i* at ! mom5t  
,i 0 foll[+2 ?us1 among/ ! fir/ ?+s ,i  
took 9 h& 0 an attempt at f9d+ ! inn]   
necessity & connection ( ! v>i\s p>ts ( 
! drill & ! milit>y s]vices1 9 :i*1 )\t 
any previ\s acqua9tance ) milit>y       
affairs1 ,i manag$1 9 consequ5ce ( my   
ma!matical & physical k1 to succe$ v    
fairly & )\t any great difficulty4 ,i 0 
able to protect myself1 !re=e1 aga9/ _m 
small reprim&s1 :i* fell tol]ably       
frequ5tly on ^? :o _h ?\ght ?is or t    
in/ruction might be lightly pass$ ov] z 
too trivial to be att5d$ to4 ,x came    
ab\t 9 ?is way1 :5 we 7 cont9ually      
drill+1 aft] ! cessation ( ! armi/ice1 t
 ! milit>y ex]cises we p]=m$ gave me    
g5u9e pleasure on acc\nt ( _! regul>ity1

 _! cle>ness1 & ! precision ( _!        
execution4 ,9 prob+ into _! nature ,i   
c\ld see fre$om b5ea? _! recognis$      
necessity4  ,dur+ ! long soj\rn ( our   
corps 9 ,havelb]g previ\sly allud$ to1  
,i /r5g!n$ my inn] life1 s f> z !       
milit>y s]vice p]mitt$1 by sp5d+ all !  
"t ,i c\ld 9 ! op5 air1 9 communion )   
,nature1 to a p]ception ( ^: lovel9ess a
 p]usal ( ,g4 ,=/]'s ,travels 9 ,rh9el& 
_h newly unlock$ my s5ses4#hb  ,we      
fri5ds took all opportunities ( meet+ "o
 ano!r4 ,by-&-by we set to "w to make   
?is easi] by ?ree ( u apply+ to be      
qu>t]$ toge!r4  ,9 ! r\gh1 frank life ( 
w>1 m5 pres5t$ !mselves to me "u v>i\s  
aspects1 & s became a special object (  
my ?\ghts z reg>ds _! conduct1 & _!     
active "w1 & mo/ ( all z to _! high]    
vocation4 ,man & ! education ( man 0 !  
subject :i* occupi$ u long & (t5 9 our  
walks1 & 9 our op5-air life g5]ally4 ,x 
0 p>ticul>ly ^! discussions :i* drew me 
=cibly t[>ds ,midd5dorff1 ! y\nge/ ( u4 
,i lik$ well our life ( ! biv\ac1       

because x made s mu* ( hi/ory cle> to   
me2 & taught me1 too1 ?r\gh our         
(t-cont9u$ & sev]ely labori\s m>*es &   
milit>y manoeuvres1 ! int]*ang+ mutual  
relations ( body & _s4 ,x %[$ me h[     
little ! individual man belongs to      
himself 9 w> "t2 he is b an atom 9 a    
great :ole1 & z su* alone mu/ he be     
consid]$4  ,?r\gh ! *ance ( our corps   
be+ f> remov$ f ! actual seat ( w>1 we  
liv$ our soldi] life1 at lea/ ,i did1 9 
a sort ( dream1 not)/&+ ! sev]e ex]tions
 caus$ by our milit>y manoeuvres1 & we  
he>d ( ! w> only 9 ! same sleepy way4   
,n[ & !n1 at ,leipzig1 at ,dal5burg1 at 
,brem51 at ,b]l91 we seem$ to wake up2 b
 soon sank back into feeble dream9ess   
aga94 ,x 0 p>ticul>ly depress+ & weak5+ 
to me nev] to be able to grasp our      
position z "p ( ! great :ole ( !        
campaign1 & nev] to f9d any satisfactory
 explanation ( ! reason or ! aim ( our  
manoeuvres4 ,t 0 my case at lea/2 o!rs  
may h se5 bett] & cle>] ?an ,i4  ,i ga9$
 "o cle> b5efit f ! campaign2 9 ! c\rse 

( ! actual soldi] life ,i became        
en?usia/ic ^u ! be/ int]e/s ( ! ,g]man  
l& & ! ,g]man p2 my ef=ts t5d$ to become
 national 9 _! scope4 ,& 9 g5]al1 s f> z
 my fatigues all[$1 ,i kept ! s5se ( my 
future position always be=e me2 ev5 9 ! 
little skirmi%es t we _h to take "p 9 ,i
 0 able to ga!r "s exp]i5ces :i* ,i saw 
w\ld be useful to me 9 my future "w4    
,our corps m>*$ ?r\gh ! ,m>k1#hc & 9 !  
latt] "p ( ,augu/ ?r\gh ,priegnitz1     
,meckl5burg1 ! di/ricts ( ,brem5 &      
,hamburg1 & ,hol/e91 & 9 ! la/ days (   
#ahac we rea*$ ! ,rh9e4 ,! peace 7,may  
#cj?1 #ahad7 prev5t$ u f see+ ,p>is1 &  
we 7 /ation$ 9 ! ,ne!rl&s till ! break+ 
up ( ! corps4 ,at la/1 9 ,july #ahad1 e 
"o :o did n c>e to s]ve long] _h        
p]mission to return to 8 home & to 8 =m]
 call+4 ,^u my entrance into a corps (  
,prussian soldi]s ,i _h receiv$1 ?r\gh !
 influ5ce ( "s good fri5ds1 ! promise ( 
a po/ "u ! ,prussian ,gov]nm5t--namely1 
t ( assi/ant at ! m9]alogical museum (  
,b]l91 "u ,weiss4 ,?i!r !n1 z ! next    

place ( my de/9$ "w1 ,i turn$ my /eps4  
,i desir$ also to see ! ,rh9e & ! ,ma91 
& my bir?place z well2 s ,i w5t by      
,dusseldorf back to ,lu551 & !nce by    
,ma9z1 ,frankfurt1 & ,rudol/adt to      
,b]l94  ,?us ,i _h liv$ ?r\gh ! :ole    
campaign accord+ to my /r5g?1 great] or 
less1 9 a /eady inn] /ruggle t[>ds unity
 & h>mony ( life1 b :at ( outw>d        
significance & wor? recollection _h ,i  
receiv$ f ! soldi]'s life8 ,i left !    
army & ! w>like c>e] ) a total feel+ (  
discont5t4 ,my inn] ye>n+ = unity &     
h>mony1 = inw>d peace1 0 s p[]ful t x   
%ap$ itself unconsci\sly into symbolical
 =m & figure4 ,9 a ceaseless1           
inexplicable1 anxi\s /ate ( long+ &     
unre/1 ,i _h pass$ ?r\gh _m pretty      
places & _m g>d5s on my homew>d way1 )\t
 any ( !m pleas+ me4 ,9 ?is mood ,i     
rea*$ ,f----1 & ent]$ a fairly l>ge &   
h&somely-/ock$ fl[] g>d54 ,i gaz$ at all
 ! vigor\s plants & fre% gay fl[]s x    
(f]$ me1 b no fl[] took my fancy4 ,z ,i 
pass$ all ! _m v>i$ beauties ( ! g>d5 9 

review be=e my m9d1 x fell ^u me sudd5ly
 t ,i miss$ ! lily4 ,i ask$ ! own] ( !  
g>d5 if he _h no lilies !re1 & he       
quietly repli$1 ,no6 ,:5 ,i express$ my 
surprise1 ,i 0 answ]$ z quietly z be=e t
 hi!rto no "o _h miss$ ! lily4 ,x 0 ?us 
t ,i came to "k :at ,i miss$ & long$ =4 
,h[ c\ld my inn] nature h express$      
itself m beautifully 9 words8 ,?\ art   
seek+ sil5t peacefulness ( he>t1 h>mony 
( life1 cle> purity ( s\l1 by ! symbol (
 ?is sil5t1 pure1 simple lily4 ,t g>d51 
9 its beautiful v>iety1 b )\t a lily1   
appe>$ to me z a gay life pass$ ?r\gh & 
squ&]$ )\t unity & h>mony4 ,ano!r day ,i
 saw _m lovely lilies bloom+ 9 ! g>d5 ( 
a h\se 9 ! c\ntry4 ,great 0 my joy2 b1  
alas6 !y 7 sep>at$ f me by a h$ge4 ,lat]
 on ,i solv$ ?is symbol also2 & until   
its solution image & long+ rema9$ /or$ 9
 my memory4 ,"o ?+ ,i ought to          
notice--namely1 t 9 ! place :]e ,i 0    
va9ly seek+ = lilies 9 ! g>d5 a little  
boy ( ?ree ye>s old came up tru/fully & 
/ood by my side4  ,i ha/5$ to ! sc5e (  

my new duties4 ,h[ v>i\sly ! diff]5t    
outw>d circum/ances ( my life h5ce=?    
affect$ me z to ! life )91 n[ t ?is _h  
won = itself once m an assur$ individual
 =m1 & h[ my life aga9 resum$ its true &
 highe/ aspect1 ,i mu/ pass ov] "h1 s9ce
 to develop ^! consid]ations ) all _!   
connections w\ld take me too long4  ,9 !
 fir/ days ( ,augu/ #ahad ,i arriv$ at  
,b]l91 & at once receiv$ my promis$     
appo9tm5t4 ,my duties busi$ me ! great] 
"p ( ! day among/ m9]als1 dumb witnesses
 to ! sil5t ?\s&-fold creative en]gy (  
,nature1 & ,i _h to see to _! arrangem5t
 9 a lock$1 p]fectly quiet room4 ,:ile  
engag$ on ?is "w ,i cont9ually prov$ to 
be true :at _h long be5 a pres5tim5t )  
me--namely1 t ev5 9 ^! s-call$ lifeless 
/ones & fragm5ts ( rock1 torn f _!      
orig9al b$1 !re lay g]ms ( trans=m+1    
develop+ en]gy & activity4 ,amid/ !     
div]sity ( =ms ar\nd me1 ,i recognis$ "u
 all k9ds ( v>i\s modifications "o law (
 developm5t4  ,all ! po9ts t 9 ,goett+5 
,i _h ?\ght ,i trac$ amid/ outw>d       

circum/ances1 confirmatory ( ! ord] ( ! 
s\l's developm5t1 came be=e me "h also1 
9 a hundr$ & aga9 a hundr$ ph5om5a4 ,:at
 ,i _h recognis$ 9 ?+s great or noble1  
or 9 ! life ( man1 or 9 ! ways ( ,god1 z
 s]v+ t[>ds ! developm5t ( ! human race1
 ,i f\nd ,i c\ld "h recognise also 9 !  
smalle/ ( ^! fix$ =ms :i* ,nature alone 
_h %ap$4 ,i saw cle>ly1 z nev] yet ,i _h
 se5 be=e1 t ! godlike is n alone 9 !   
great2 = ! godlike is also 9 ! v small1 
x appe>s 9 all its fulness & p[] 9 ! mo/
 m9ute dim5sions4 ,& !reaft] my rocks & 
cry/als s]v$ me z a mirror :]e9 ,i might
 descry mank9d1 & man's developm5t &    
hi/ory4 ,^! ?+s began to /ir p[]fully )9
 me2 & :at ,i n[ vaguely p]ceiv$ ,i 0   
soon to view m def9itely1 & to be able  
to /udy ) ?or\ghness4  ,geology &       
cry/allography n only op5$ up = me a    
high] circle ( k & insight1 b also %[$  
me a high] goal = my inquiry1 my        
speculation1 & my endeav\r4 ,nature &   
man n[ seem$ to me mutually to expla9   
ea* o!r1 ?r\gh all _! numb]less v>i\s   

/ages ( developm5t4 ,man1 z ,i saw1     
receives f a k ( natural objects1 ev5   
because ( _! imm5se deep-seat$ div]sity1
 a f\ndation =1 & a guidance t[>ds1 a k 
( himself & ( life1 & a prep>ation = !  
manife/ation ( t k4 ,:at ,i ?us cle>ly  
p]ceiv$ 9 ! simpl] natural objects ,i   
soon trac$ 9 ! prov9ce ( liv+ ,nature1 9
 plants & gr[+ ?+s1 s f> z ^! came "u my
 obs]vation1 & 9 ! animal k+dom z well4 
,soon ,i became :olly p5etrat$ & absorb$
 by ! ?\ght t x mu/ be beyond ev]y?+    
else vital to man's culture &           
developm5t1 to ! sure atta9m5t ( 8 de/9y
 & fulfilm5t ( 8 vocation1 to di/+ui% ^!
 t5d5cies accurately & %>ply n only 9 _!
 sep>ate asc5d+ grades1 b also ?r\gh\t !
 :ole c>e] ( life4 ,moreov]1 ,i made a  
resolution t = "s "t ,i w\ld devote     
myself to ! /udy ( ! high] me?ods (     
tea*+1 s z to fit myself z a tea*] 9 "o 
( ! high] c5tres ( education1 z1 =      
example1 "o ( ! univ]sities1 if t might 
be4 ,b x 0 n long be=e ,i f\nd a d\ble  
defici5cy1 :i* quickly disc\rag$ me 9   

?is design4 ,=1 fir/ly1 ,i want$ a fund 
( specially le>n$ & classical culture2 &
 next1 ,i 0 g5]ally defici5t 9 !        
prep>atory /udies necess>y = ! high]    
bran*es ( natural sci5ce4 ,! am\nt (    
int]e/ 9 _! "w %[n by univ]sity /ud5ts  
01 at ! same "t1 n at all s]i\s en\gh to
 attract me to su* a c>e]4  ,i soon     
p]ceiv$ a d\ble tru?3 fir/1 t a man mu/ 
be e>ly l$ t[>ds ! k ( nature & insight 
into h] me?ods--t is1 he mu/ be f ! fir/
 specially tra9$ ) ?is object 9 view2 & 
next1 ,i saw t a man1 ?us l$ ?r\gh all !
 due /ages ( a life-developm5t %\ld 9   
ord] to be q sure to accompli% 9 all    
/ead9ess1 cle>ness1 & c]ta9ty 8 aim1 8  
vocation1 & 8 de/9y1 be gu>d$ f ! v     
beg9n+ aga9/ a cr[d ( misconceptions &  
blund]s4 ,!re=e ,i det]m9$ to devote    
myself r to ! g5]al subject ( !         
education ( man4  ,?\gh ! spl5did       
lectures ,i he>d on m9]alogy1           
cry/allography1 geology1 etc41 l$ me to 
see ! uni=mity ( ,nature 9 h] work+1 yet
 a high] & great] unity lay 9 my own    

m9d4 ,to give an example1 x 0 always mo/
 unsatisfactory to me to see =m develop$
 f a numb] ( v>i\s gr\nd-=ms4 ,! object 
:i* n[ lay be=e my ef=ts & my ?\ght 0 to
 br+ out ! high] unity und]ly+ ext]nal  
=m 9 su* a self-evid5t %ape t x %\ld    
s]ve z a type or pr9ciple :5ce all o!r  
=ms might be d]iv$4 ,b z ,i held ! laws 
( =m to be fix$1 n only = cry/als1 b    
also j z firmly = language1 x 0 m       
p>ticul>ly a deep philosophical view (  
language :i* ev5tually absorb$ my       
?\ghts4 ,aga91 ideas ab\t language :i*  
,i _h conceiv$ long ago 9 ,switz]l&     
cr[d$ be=e my m9d4 ,x seem$ to me t !   
v[els a1 o1 u1 e1 i1 ae1 au1 ei1        
resembl$1 s to speak1 =ce1 _s1 ! 7inn]7 
subject1 :il/ ! consonants symbolis$    
matt]1 body1 ! 7out]7 object4 ,b j z 9  
life & 9 nature all opposites are only  
relatively oppos$1 & )9 e circle1 e     
sph]e1 bo? opposites are f\nd to be     
conta9$1 s also 9 language "o p]ceives  
)9 ! sph]e ( spee*-tones ! two opposites
 ( subject & object4 ,= example1 ! s\nd 

i depicts ! absolute subject1 ! c5tre1 &
 ! s\nd a ! absolute mat]ial object2 !  
s\nd e s]ves = life z su*1 = exi/5ce 9  
g5]al2 & o = individual life1 = an      
exi/5ce n>r[$ to itself alone4          
,language1 n alone z ! mat]ial = !      
expression ( ?\ght1 b also z a type or  
epitome ( all =ms & manife/ations (     
life1 appe>$ to me to und]lie ! univ]sal
 laws ( expression4 ,9 ord] to le>n ^!  
laws ?or\ghly1 z exemplifi$ 9 ! tea*+ ( 
! classical languages1 ,i n[ return$    
aga9 to ! /udy ( ^! latt]1 "u ! guidance
 ( a clev] tea*]2 & ,i began to /rike   
out ! special pa? :i* seem$ to me       
absolutely necess>y to be foll[$ 9 _!   
acquisition4  ,f ?is "t onw>ds ,i gave  
all my ?\ghts to me?ods ( education1    
:]eto ,i 0 also fur!r incit$ by "s ke5  
critical lectures on ! hi/ory ( anci5t  
philosophy4 ,^! aga9 af=d$ me a cle>    
conviction ( ! s\ndness ( my views (    
,nature & ( ! laws ( human developm5t4  
,?r\gh my "w at ! dynamical1 *emical1 & 
ma!matical aspects ( ,nature ,i came    

once m ^u ! consid]ation ( ! laws (     
numb]1 p>ticul>ly z manife/$ ?r\gh      
figures2 & ?is l$ me to a p]fectly fre% 
g5]al view ( ! subject--namely1 t numb] 
%\ld be reg>d$ z horizontally relat$4#hd
 ,t way ( consid]+ ! subject leads "o to
 v simple fundam5tal conceptions (      
ari?metic1 :i*1 :5 appli$ 9 practice1   
prove to be z accurate z !y are cle>4 ,!
 connection ( ^! 7dynamical &           
ari?metical7 ph5om5a 0 demon/rably      
app>5t to me2 s9ce ari?metic may be     
consid]$1 fir/ly1 z ! outw>d expression 
( ! manife/ation ( =ce1 secondly 79 its 
relation%ip to man71 z an example ( !   
laws ( human ?\ght4  ,on all sides1     
?r\gh nature z well z ?r\gh hi/ory1     
?r\gh life z well z ?r\gh sci5ce 7& z   
reg>ds ! latt] ?r\gh pure sci5ce z well 
z ?r\gh ! appli$ bran*es71 ,i 0 ?us     
enc\nt]$ & appeal$ to by ! unity1 !     
simplicity1 & ! unalt]ably necess>y     
c\rse1 ( human developm5t & human       
education4 ,i became impell$ by an      
irresi/ible impulse t[>ds ! sett+ =? ( t

 unity & simplicity1 ) all ! =ce1 bo? ( 
my p5 & ( my life1 9 ! %ape ( an        
educational sy/em4 ,i felt t education z
 well z sci5ce w\ld ga9 by :at ,i may   
call a m human1 relat$1 affiliat$1      
connect$ treatm5t & consid]ation ( !    
subjects ( education4  ,i 0 l$ to ?is   
conviction on ano!r gr\nd1 z            
foll[s3--,al?\gh my fri5ds ,lange?al1   
,midd5dorff1 & ,bau] s]v$ ) me all ?r\gh
 ! w> 9 ! same corps1 & ev5 9 ! same    
battalion1 we 7 a great deal ap>t t[>ds 
! close ( ! campaign1 especially at ! "t
 we 7 qu>t]$ 9 ! ,ne!rl&s1 s t ,i1 at   
all ev5ts1 at ! disb&+ ( ! corps1 knew n
 :i!r ! o!rs _h gone4 ,x 01 !re=e1 an   
unexpect$ pleasure :51 aft] a :ile1 ,i  
f\nd !m all at ,b]l9 aga94 ,my fri5ds   
pursu$ _! !ological /udies ) e>ne/ness1 
& ,i my natural sci5ce2 !re=e1 at fir/  
we came little into contact ) "o ano!r4 
,s pass$ sev]al mon?s1 :5 sudd5ly life  
?rew u clos] toge!r aga94 ,?is came ab\t
 ?r\gh ! call to arms 9 #ahae4 ,we all  
enli/$ aga9 toge!r z volunte]s4 ,on     

acc\nt ( our previ\s s]vice1 & by royal 
fav\r1 we 7 at once promot$ to (fic]'s  
rank1 & ea* "o 0 appo9t$ to a regim5t4  
,h[ev]1 !re 0 su* a ?rong ( volunte]s t 
x 0 n necess>y = any ,/ate (ficials to  
be call$ ^u to leave _! po/s1 or =      
/ud5ts to int]rupt _! /udies1 & we !re=e
 receiv$ c\nt]-ord]s comm&+ u to /ay at 
home4 ,midd5dorff1 :o felt sure ( 8     
spe$y dep>ture = ! army1 pref]r$ n to   
take lodg+s = ! %ort "t ( 8 /ay 9 ,b]l91
 & z !re 0 room en\gh 9 m9e = u bo?1 he 
came & /ay$ ) me4 ,yet we /ill seem$ to 
draw v little clos] toge!r at fir/1     
because ( ! div]sity ( our pursuits2 b  
soon a bond ( union wove itself aga91   
:i* 0 all ! /rong] on t v acc\nt4       
,lange?al & ,midd5dorff _h endeav\r$ to 
secure a suffici5cy = _! support at !   
univ]sity by tak+ private tutor%ips 9   
families1 mak+ su* arrangem5ts z t _!   
univ]sity /udies %\ld n be int]f]$ )4 ,9
 ! beg9n+ ( _! "w all seem$ simple &    
easy1 b !y soon came ^u difficulties bo?
 z reg>ds ! tea*+ & ! tra9+ ( ! *ildr5  

entru/$ to !m4 ,z our =m] conv]sations  
_h s (t5 turn$ ^u ^! v subjects !y n[   
came to me to consult me1 especially    
ab\t ma!matical tea*+ & ari?metic1 & we 
set ap>t two h\rs a week1 9 :i* ,i gave 
!m in/ruction on ^! matt]s4 ,f ?is mom5t
 our mutual int]*ange ( ?\ght aga9      
became animat$ & cont9u\s4         99   
99       99       99       99  ,"h !    
autobiography breaks (f abruptly4 ,h]r  
,wi*>d ,lange _h "s tr\ble 9 deciph]+ x 
f ,froebel's almo/ unreadable r\gh      
draft1 & "h & !re he _h ev5 to guess at 
a ^w or s4 ,froebel _h int5d$ to pres5t 
?is lett] to ! ,duke ( ,me9+5 at ! close
 ( #ahbg1 :5 ! negotiations began to be 
held ab\t a propos$ ,national           
,educational ,in/itution at ,helba1 to  
be ma9ta9$ by ! duke1 aft] ! simil>     
proposal made to ! ,pr9ce ( ,rudol/adt =
 ,quittelsdorf e>li] 9 ! ye> _h brok5   
d[n4 ,x is n kn[n :e!r ! pres5t draft 0 
ev] f9i%$1 prop]ly correct$1 & poli%$   
into p]man5t =m1 nor :e!r x 0 ev]       
deliv]$ to ! duke4 ,x is highly probable

 t we h "h all t ,froebel accompli%$    
t[>ds x4 ,x may be add$ t soon aft]     
,froebel's repeat$ plans & drafts = !   
,helba ,in/itution _h culm9at$ 9 ! f9al 
ext5sive well-kn[n plan ( ! spr+ (      
#ahbi1 ! :ole s*eme fell ?r\gh1 f !     
jeal\sy ( ! pr9ce's advis]s1 :o fe>$    
,froebel's influ5ce too mu* to all[ him 
ev] to get a foot+ among/ !m4  ,ano!r   
fragm5t ( autobiography1 go+ on to a    
fur!r p]iod ( 8 life1 occurs 9 a long   
lett] to ! philosoph] ,krause1#he dat$  
,keilhau1 #bd? ,m>*1 #ahbh1 9 reply to  
an article writt5 by ,krause five ye>s  
be=e 7#ahbc7 9 ,ok5's j\rnal1 !         
well-kn[n ,isis#hf 9 :i* article ,krause
 _h f\nd fault ) ,froebel's two         
explanatory essays on ,keilhau1 writt5 9
 #ahbb1 sep>ately publi%$1 & appe>+ also
 9 ! ,isis1 because ,keilhau 0 !re put  
=w>d z an educational in/itution = all  
,g]many 7,allgeme9e ,deuts*e            
,erziehungs-,an/alt71 :]eas ,krause     
desir$ x %\ld r /yle itself a ,g]man    
in/itution = univ]sal culture 7,deuts*e 

,an/alt fu] ,allgeme9e m5s*li*e         
,bildung74 ,! rapid gr[? ( ,keilhau gave
 ,froebel at ! "t no leisure =          
controv]sy4 ,9 #ahbg began ! cruel      
p]secutions :i* ev5tually compell$ him  
to leave ,keilhau4 ,n[ :5ev] ,froebel 0 
"u ! pressure ( outw>d difficulty1 he   
always s\ght = help f )91 & f 8 inw>d   
contemplation d]iv$ new c\rage & new    
/r5g? to face 8 tr\bles4 ,out ( su*     
mus+s 9 ! pres5t "t ( adv]sity !        
long-await$ reply to ,krause at l5g?    
em]g$4 ,! disputative "p1 int]e/+ 9     
itself1 does n "h conc]n u4 ,we pass at 
once to ! brief sket* ( 8 life conta9$ 9
 lat] p>ts ( ! lett]1 omitt+ :at is n   
autobiographical4 ,! e>li] ( ^! passages
 relate m succ9ctly ! ev5ts ( ! same    
p]iod already m fully describ$ 9 ! lett]
 to ! ,duke ( ,me9+52 b we ?9k x bett]  
to pr9t ! passages 9 full1 9 spite ( _! 
be+ to a great ext5t a repetition ( :at 
has gone be=e4 ,c]ta9 diff]5ces1 h[ev]1 
w be f\nd n unwor?y ( notice4  ,!       
,krause lett] succe$$ ! o!r & m         

important lett] 7to ! ,duke ( ,me9+57 by
 "s few mon?s4 ,its imm$iate outcome 0 a
 w>m fri5d%ip betwe5 ,krause & ,froebel2
 ! latt]1 ) ,midd5dorff z 8 companion1  
j\rney+ to ,goett+5 to make !           
philosoph]'s p]sonal acqua9tance1 9 !   
autumn ( #ahbh4 ,long discussions on    
education took place at ?is int]e/+     
meet+1 z we "k f ,leonh>di1 ,krause's   
pupil4 ,krause made ,froebel acqua9t$ ) 
! works ( ,com5ius1 among/ o!r ?+s1 &   
introduc$ him to ! :ole le>n$ society ( 
,goett+51 :]e he made a great1 if a     
some:at peculi>1 impression4     ,,"p   
,,( ,,froebel',s ,,lett] ,,to ,,krause1 
,,dat$ ,,keilhau1 #bd,,? ,,m>*1 #ahbh4  
444 ,y h enjoy$1 )\t d\bt1 unusual good 
=tune 9 hav+ pursu$ ! /rict pa? (       
culture4 ,y h sail$ by ,*>ybdis )\t be+ 
swall[$ up by ,scylla4#hg ,b my lot has 
be5 j ! rev]se4  ,z ,i h already told y 
9 ! beg9n+ ( ?is lett]1 ,i 0 v e>ly     
impress$ ) ! contradictions ( life 9 ^w 
& de$--9 fact1 almo/ z soon z ,i 0      
consci\s ( any?+1 liv+ z a lonely *ild 9

 a v n>r[$ & n>r[+ circle4 ,a _s (      
contemplation1 ( simplicity1 & (        
*ildlike fai?2 a /]n1 sometimes cruel1  
self-repression2 a c>efully-fo/]$ inw>d 
ye>n+ aft] k by causes & effects1 toge!r
 ) an op5-air life amid/ ,nature1       
especially amid/ ! _w ( plants1         
gradually fre$ my s\l f ! oppression (  
^! contradictions4 ,?us1 9 my t5? &     
elev5? ye>s1 ,i came to dream ( life z a
 connect$ :ole )\t contradictions4      
,ev]y:]e to f9d life1 h>mony1 fre$om f  
contradictions1 & s to recognise ) a    
ke5] & cle>] p]ception ! life-unity aft]
 :i* ,i dimly grop$1 0 ! sil5t long+ (  
my he>t1 ! ma9spr+ ( my exi/5ce4 ,b !   
way ?i!r ?r\gh ! usual s*ool c\rse1 all 
made up ( sep>ate pat*es1 consid]+ ?+s  
m]ely 9 _! outw>d aspect1 & connect$ by 
m]e arbitr>y juxtaposition1 0 too       
lifeless to attract me2 ,i c\ld n       
rememb] ?+s m]ely put toge!r )\t inn]   
connection1 & s x came ab\t t aft] two (
 my eld] bro!rs _h devot$ !mselves to   
/udy1 & because my ?ird bro!r %[$ great 

capacity = /udy also1 my own education 0
 n>r[$2 b s mu* ! m closely did a lov+1 
guid+ provid5ce b9d my he>t 9 communion 
) ,nature4#hh  ,9 sil5t1 tru/ful        
association ) ,nature & my ma!matics1 ,i
 liv$ = sev]al ye>s aft] my             
confirmation4 ,9 ! latt] "p ( ! "t my   
duties l$ me t[>ds ! /udy ( natural     
laws1 & ?us t[>ds ! p]ception ( ! unity 
s (t5 long$ = 9 s\l & _s1 & n[ at la/   
gradually becom+ cle> f amid/ ! outw>dly
 cla%+ ph5om5a ( ,nature4#hi  ,at la/ ,i
 c\ld no long] resi/ ! crav+ = k :i* ,i 
felt )9 me4 ,i ?ru/ on "o side all !    
ord9>y s*ool-le>n+ :i* ,i utt]ly fail$  
to appropriate 9 its cu/om>y disconnect$
 /ate 7x 0 meant only to be le>n$ by    
rote1 & ?is ,i nev] c\ld recognise z !  
exclusive condition ( a really          
compreh5sive culture ( ! human m9d71 &  
,i w5t up 9 ! middle ( my eighte5? ye>  
to ! ,univ]sity ( ,j5a4 ,z ,i _h be5 =  
two ye>s pa/ liv+ completely ) ,nature &
 my ma!matics1 & dep5d5t ^u myself alone
 = any culture ,i might h arriv$ at1 ,i 

came to ! univ]sity mu* l a simple plant
 ( nature myself4 ,i 0 at ?is "t        
peculi>ly mov$ by a little k ,i _h pick$
 up ab\t ! sol> sy/em1 includ+          
p>ticul>ly a g5]al conception ( ,kepl]'s
 laws1 :]eby ! laws ( ! sph]es appeal$  
to me on ! "o h& z an all-embrac+1      
_w-encircl+ :ole1 & on ! o!r z an       
unlimit$ individualisation into sep>ate 
natural objects4 ,my own culture _h be5 
hi!rto left to myself1 & s also n[ ,i _h
 to select my own /udies & to *oose my  
c\rses ( lectures = myself4 ,x 0 to be  
expect$ t ! lectures ( ! pr(essors w\ld 
produce a s+ul> effect ^u me1 & s !y    
did4  ,i *ose z my c\rses natural       
hi/ory1 physics1 & ma!matics1 b ,i 0    
little satisfi$4 ,i seldom ga9$ :at ,i  
expect$4 ,ev]y:]e ,i s\ght = a s\nd     
me?od d]iv+ itself f ! fundam5tal       
pr9ciple ly+ at ! root ( ! subject 9 h&1
 & aft]w>ds summ+ up all details into t 
unity aga92 ev]y:]e ,i s\ght =          
recognition ( ! quick5+ int]connection (
 p>ts1 & = ! exposition ( ! inn]        

all-p]vad+ reign ( law4 ,only a few     
lectures made "s poor approa* to su*    
me?ods1 b ,i f\nd no?+ ( ! sort 9 ^? :i*
 7 mo/ important to me1 physics &       
ma!matics4 ,especially repugnant to me 0
 ! piece-meal pat*work (f]$ to u 9      
geometry1 always sep>at+ & divid+1 nev] 
unit+ & consolidat+4  ,i 01 h[ev]1      
p]fectly fasc9at$ ) ! ma!matical rules (
 comb9ation1 p]mutation1 & v>iation1 b  
unhappily ,i c\ld n give mu* "t to _!   
/udy1 :i* ,i h regrett$ ev] s9ce4       
,o!rwise1 :at ,i le>n$ f ! lectures 0   
too slight = :at ,i want$1 be+1         
unluckily1 altoge!r =eign to my nature1 
& m (t5 a m]e gett+ ( rules by he>t r   
?an an unfold+ ( pr9ciples4 ,! !oretical
 & philosophical c\rses on v>i\s        
subjects did n attract me ei!r1 some?+  
ab\t !m always kept me at a di/ance2 & f
 :at ,i he>d ( !m among/ my             
fell[-/ud5ts1 ,i c\ld ga!r t "h1 too1   
all 0 pres5t$ 9 an arbitr>y fa%ion1     
unnaturally divid$1 cut up1 s to speak1 
into lifeless morsels2 s t x 0 useless =

 my inn] life to seek = satisfaction 9  
^? regions ( /udy4 ,b z ,i said above1  
!re 7 "s ( ! lectures :i* fo/]$ my      
int]e/ 9 ! inn] connection ( all vital  
ph5om5a1 & ev5 help$ me to trace x ) "s 
c]ta9ty 9 "s few re/rict$ circles4  ,b  
my f9ancial position did n p]mit me to  
rema9 long at ! univ]sity2 & z my /udies
 7 ^? :i* fitt$ ! /ud5t = practical     
pr(essional life1 ?\gh !y 7 reg>d$ f a  
high] po9t ( view by myself 9 ! privacy 
( my own ?\ghts1 ,i _h to return to     
ord9>y e-day "w1 & use !m z a means to  
e>n my liv+4 ,yet1 ?\gh ,i liv$ ! outw>d
 bus9ess life to all appe>ance1 x rema9$
 ev] =eign to my nature2 ,i c>ri$ my own
 _w )9 me1 & x 0 t = :i* ,i c>$ & :i* ,i
 *]i%$4 ,my obs]vation ( life 7&        
especially t ( my own life1 :i* ,i      
pursu$ ) ! object ( self-culture71 jo9$ 
) ! love ( ,nature & ) ma!matics to "w  
creatively ^u me2 & !y unit$ to fill my 
little m5tal _w ) _m v>i$ life-=ms1 &   
taught me at ! same "t to reg>d my own  
exi/5ce z "o memb] ( ! great univ]sal   

life4 ,my plan ( culture 0 v simple3 x 0
 to seek out ! inn]mo/ unity connect+ ! 
mo/ div]se & widely-sep>at$ ph5om5a1    
:e!r subjective or objective1 & :e!r    
!oretical or practical1 to le>n to see !
 spiritual side ( _! activity1 to       
appreh5d _! mutual relations z facts &  
=ms ( ,nature1 or to express !m         
ma!matically2 &1 on ! o!r h&1 to        
contemplate ! natural & ma!matical laws 
z f\nd$ 9 ! inn]mo/ dep?s ( my own life 
z well z 9 ! highe/ unity ( ! great     
:ole1 t is inde$ to reg>d !m 9 _!       
uncondition$1 uncaus$ necessity1 z      
absolute ?+s-9-!mselves4 ,?us did ,i    
cont9ue )\t ceas+ to sy/ematise1        
symbolise1 idealise1 realise & recognise
 id5tities & analogies among/ all facts 
& ph5om5a1 all problems1 expressions1 & 
=mulas :i* deeply int]e/$ me2 & 9 ?is   
way life1 ) all its v>i$ ph5om5a &      
activities1 became to me m & m free f   
contradictions1 m h>moni\s1 simple1 &   
cle>1 & m recognisable z a "p ( ! life  
univ]sal4  ,aft] ,i _h liv$ = "s ye>s ! 

isolat$ life ,i h describ$1 ?\gh ,i 0   
engag$ ! :ole "t 9 ord9>y pr(essional   
pursuits1 all at once !re broke ^u my   
s\l1 9 h>mony ) ! seasons ( nature1 a   
spr+time su* z ,i _h n be=e exp]i5c$2 & 
an unexpect$ life & life-aim budd$ &    
blossom$ 9 my brea/4 ,all my inn] life &
 life-aims _h become n>r[$ to ! circle (
 self-culture & self-education4 ,! out] 
life1 my pr(ession1 ,i c>ri$ on z a m]e 
means ( subsi/5ce1 q ap>t f my real inn]
 self1 & my sph]e ( op]ation 0 limit$4  
,i 0 driv5 p]=ce f pill> to po/ till at 
la/ ,i _h arriv$ :]e ! ,ma9 unites      
h]self ) ! ,rh9e4#ij ,"h !re budd$ &    
op5$ to my s\l "o lovely bright spr+    
morn+1 :5 ,i 0 surr\nd$ by ,nature at h]
 lovelie/ & fre%e/1 ?is ?\ght1 z x 7 by 
inspiration3--,t !re mu/ exi/ some:]e "s
 beautifully simple & c]ta9 way ( free+ 
human life f contradiction1 or1 z ,i !n 
spake out my ?\ght 9 words1 "s means (  
re/or+ to man1 himself1 at peace        
int]nally2 & t to seek out ?is way %\ld 
be ! vocation ( my life4 ,& yet my life1

 to all appe>ance1 my /udies & my       
desires1 belong$ to my purely ext]nal   
vocation1#ia & to its ext]nal citiz5like
 relations2 & by no means to mank9d at  
l>ge1 ei!r reg>d$ 9 itself or 9 its     
educational ne$s4 ,!re=e ?is idea ( m9e 
0 9 su* viol5t contra/ ) my actual life 
t x utt]ly surpris$ me4 ,9 fact1 &      
p]haps greatly because ( ?is contra/1 ! 
idea w\ld und\bt$ly h be5 q =gott51 _h n
 o!r circum/ances occurr$ to revive x4  
,on myself & on my life at ! "t x seem$ 
to h n ! slighte/ effect1 & x soon pass$
 f my memory4 ,b lat] on 9 ?is same     
j\rney1#ib z ,i climb$ d[n f ! ,w>tburg1
 & turn$ r\nd to look at ! ca/le1 !re   
ru%$ ^u me once m ?is ?\ght ( a high]   
educational vocation z my prop] life-"w2
 & aga91 be+ s f> remov$ f my actual    
ext]nal life1 x only fla%$ ^u me ) a    
mom5t>y effulg5ce an in/ant1 & !n sank4 
,?is1 unconsci\sly to me1 & !re=e q     
disreg>d$ by me1 0 ! real position ( my 
inn] life :5 ,i arriv$ at ! goal ( my   
j\rney1 ,frankfurt1 f :5ce my life 0 s  

soon to develop s l>gely4 ,my en]gies at
 ! mom5t 7 devot$ t[>ds atta9+ "s       
def9ite pr(essional position =          
myself4#ic ,b 9 proportion z ,i began to
 exam9e my pr(ession m closely 9 its    
practical aspect1 s did x beg9 to prove 
insuffici5t ( itself to satisfy me z !  
occupation ( my life4 ,!n !re came to me
 ! def9ite purpose ( liv+ & work+ at my 
pr(ession r to use x z a means to w9 "s 
high b5efit = mank9d4#id  ,! re/lessness
 ( y\?1 nay1 t *ance1 r1 :i* has always 
lov+ly guid$ me1 ?rew me unexpect$ly    
into relations ) a man ^: k ( mank9d1 & 
^: p5etrat+ glance into my inn] be+     
turn$ me at our v fir/ int]view f !     
pr(ession ( an ar*itect to t ( a tea*] &
 an educator1 two sph]es ( "w :i* _h1   
nev] previ\sly occurr$ to me1 /ill less 
_h appe>$ to me z ! future objects ( my 
life4#ie ,b ! v fir/ "t ,i f\nd myself  
be=e ?irty or =ty boys f n9e to elev5   
ye>s old1 = t 0 ! class allott$ to me to
 tea*1 ,i felt ?or\ghly at home4 ,9     
fact1 ,i p]ceiv$ t ,i _h at la/ f\nd my 

long-miss$ life elem5t2 & z ,i wrote to 
my bro!r at ! "t1 ,i 0 z well pleas$ z !
 fi% 9 ! wat]1 ,i 0 inexpressibly happy4
 ,yet "h f ! v fir/ mom5t 7& :at a numb]
 ( sacrifices _h to be made1 :at a weal?
 ( activity 0 p\r$ out67 ,i _h to give  
in=mation1 advice1 & decisions on matt]s
 :i* hi!rto ,i _h n ?\ght x necess>y    
s]i\sly to consid]1 & s also "h1 9 my   
new position1 ,i soon came to feel      
myself isolat$1 to /& alone4  ,i s\ght  
c\nsel :]e ,i _h s (t5 f\nd x4 ,i look$ 
)9 myself & to ,nature = help4 ,"h my   
plan ( culture1 hi!rto foll[$ only = my 
own ne$s1 came opportunely to my        
assi/ance4 ,:5 ,i 0 consult$ by o!rs1 ,i
 look$ to ,nature = ! answ]1 & let      
,nature1 life1 _s1 & law speak =        
!mselves ?r\gh me2 !n ! answ] 0 n m]ely 
satisfactory4 ,no6 its simple1          
unhesitat+ confid5ce & y\?ful fre%ness  
gladd5$ & quick5$ ! inquir]4  ,?is 0 all
 well en\gh :5 univ]sal human int]e/s 7 
conc]n$1 b h[ ab\t matt]s ( in/ruction8 
,i c\ld1 9 fact1 fairly confess t 9 _m  

respects ,i _h no title to call myself a
 cultur$ man1 = hi!rto all my culture _h
 be5 fragm5t>y or imag9ative4  ,once    
aga9 ,i f\nd myself 9 conflict ) my     
environm5t2 = ,i c\ld n possibly torture
 my s*ol>s ) :at ,i myself _h refus$ to 
be tortur$ )--namely1 ! le>n+ by he>t ( 
disconnect$ rules4 ,i 0 !re=e compell$  
to /rike out fre% pa?s = myself1 :i*    
inde$ my po/ r5d]$ a delightful task2   
because ,i n only _h full lib]ty accord$
 me 9 ?is matt]1 b 0 ev5 urg$ onw>ds 9 t
 direction by my duty1 s9ce ! in/itution
 0 a model s*ool = ! high] developm5t ( 
tea*+4 ,my pa/ self-culture1 self-tea*+1
 & self-developm5t1 & my /udy ( ,nature 
& ( life n[ /ood me 9 good /ead4  ,b ?is
 lett] is n int5d$ to conta9 ! :ole     
hi/ory ( ! developm5t ( my m9d2 & ,i w  
!re=e pass quickly =w>d1 j m5tion+ t f  
?is "t = six ye>s onw>ds1 dur+ :i* ,i   
?rice completely *ang$ ! conditions ( my
 life1#if ,i held mo/ e>ne/ly by ?is    
same temp] ( m9d & ?is same endeav\r2 & 
al?\gh ,i /ill always liv$ 9 isolation z

 to my p]sonal inn] life1 yet ,i 0 at _m
 po9ts 9 full contact ) ! brisk m5tal   
ef=t & activity ( t /irr+ "t 7#ahje to  
#ahaj71 z reg>ds tea*+1 philosophy1     
hi/ory1 politics1 & natural sci5ce4#ig  
,b ! nobl]1 ! m v>i$1 ! m animat+ 0 !   
life surr\nd+ me1 & ! m ,i f\nd all )\t 
me1 z also all )9 me1 /riv+ & t5d+ t[>ds
 h>mony & unity1 by s mu* ! less c\ld ,i
 long] be re/ra9$ f seek+ out ?is unity1
 ev5 %\ld x be at ! sacrifice ( all t 0 
de> to me1 if ne$ 7 = t4 ,i 0 impell$ to
 seek to develop ?is unity all bright & 
liv+ )9 my own s\l1 & to contemplate x 9
 def9ite1 cle>1 & indep5d5t =m1 s t     
f9ally ,i might be able to set x =? 9 my
 actual life ) sur5ess & c]ta9ty4  ,aft]
 n9e ye>s' int]val ,i visit$ ! univ]sity
 a second "t2 fir/ 7spr+ ( #ahaj7 at    
,goett+51 & !n a ye> & a half lat]      
7autumn ( #ahaa7 at ,b]l94#ih  ,i n[    
began to pursue ! /udy ( languages4 ,!  
l+ui/ic treasures :i* rec5t discov]ies  
_h br\ght u f ,asia excit$ my deepe/    
int]e/ :]ev] ,i came into contact ) !m4 

,b 9 g5]al ! means ( acquir+ languages 7
 too lifeless1 too want+ 9 connection to
 be ( any use to me2 & ! ef=t to "w !m  
out afre% 9 my own way1 soon l$ me to a 
r5ew$ /udy ( ,nature4 ,nature held me   
h5ce=? s fa/ t = ye>s ,i 0 *a9$         
un9t]rupt$ly to h] /udy1 ?\gh truly     
languages w5t on z a side-/udy dur+ !   
"t4 ,yet x 0 n z sep>ate entities t ,i  
consid]$ ! ph5om5a ,i 0 work+ at2 r 0 x 
z p>ts ( ! great :ole ( natural life1 & 
?is also ,i reg>d$ z repos+ 9 "o supreme
 unity toge!r ) all mank9d2 ,nature &   
man1 ! two opposite mutually ca/+ light 
^u ea* o!r & mirror+ ea* o!r4  ,aft] !  
,g]man w> ( ! spr+ ( #ahac _h int]rupt$ 
my /udies at ,b]l91 & ,i _h made        
acqua9tance ) a soldi]'s life1 its ne$1 
& its habits 9 ,luetz['s corps1 ,i      
return$ 9 #ahad to my /udies & to a     
sci5tific public po/ 9 ,b]l94 ,! c>e1 ! 
arrangem5t1 & 9 "p ! inve/igation &     
explanation ( cry/als 7 ! duties ( my   
(fice4 ,?us ,i rea*$ at la/ ! c5tral    
po9t ( my life & life-aim1 :]e          

productiv5ess & law1 life1 nature1 &    
ma!matics unit$ all ( !m 9 ! fix$       
cry/all9e =m1 :]e a _w ( symbols (f]$   
itself to ! inn] eye ( ! m9d2 = ,i 0    
appo9t$ assi/ant to ,weiss at !         
m9]alogical museum ( ! ,b]l9            
,univ]sity4#ii  ,= a long "t x 0 my     
endeav\r & my de>e/ wi% to devote myself
 entirely to an academical c>e]1 :i* !n 
appe>$ to me z my true vocation & ! only
 solution ( ! riddle ( my life2 b !     
opportunities ,i _h ( obs]v+ ! natural  
hi/ory /ud5ts ( t "t1 _! v slight k ( _!
 subject1 _! defici5cy ( p]ceptive p[]1 
_! /ill great] want ( ! true sci5tific  
_s1 w>n$ me back f ?is plan4 ,on ! o!r  
h&1 ! ne$ ( man = a life wor?y ( 8      
manhood & ( 8 species press$ ^u me ) all
 ! m =ce1 &1 !re=e1 tea*+ & education   
aga9 ass]t$ !mselves vigor\sly z ! *ief 
subjects occupy+ my ?\ghts4 ,consequ5tly
 ,i 0 only able to keep my m9d cont5t$ )
 ! duties ( my po/ = two ye>s2 &1       
mean:ile1 ! /ones 9 my h& & "u my eyes  
turn$ to liv+1 speak+ =ms4 ,! cry/al-_w1

 9 symbolic fa%ion1 b>e unimpea*able    
witness to me1 ?r\gh its brilliant      
unv>y+ %apes1 ( life & ( ! laws ( human 
life1 & spake to me ) sil5t yet true &  
readable spee* ( ! real life ( ! _w (   
mank9d4  ,leav+ ev]y?+ else1 sacrific+  
ev]y?+ else1#ajj ,i 0 driv5 back ^u !   
education ( man1 driv5 also to my refuge
 9 ,nature1 :]e9 z 9 a mirror ,i saw    
reflect$ ! laws ( ! developm5t ( be+1   
:i* laws ,i 0 n[ to turn to acc\nt = !  
education ( my race4 ,my task 0 to      
educate man 9 8 true humanity1 to       
educate man 9 8 absolute be+1 accord+ to
 ! univ]sal laws ( all developm5t4#aja  
,!re=e1 leav+ ,b]l91 & lay+ d[n my      
(fice1 ,i began late 9 ! autumn ( #ahaf 
t educational "w :i*1 ?\gh x /ill takes 
its impulse f me & exi/s "u my lead]%ip1
 yet 9 its deepe/ nature is             
self-suffici5t & self-condition$4       
,al?\gh ,i 0 n p]haps !n capable ( putt+
 my convictions into words1 ,i at once  
realis$ ?is "w 9 my own m9d z           
compreh5sive & _w-embrac+ 9 its nature1 

z an ev]la/+ "w to be ev]more p]=m$ = ! 
b5efit ( ! :ole human race2 yet ,i      
nev]!less l9k$ x1 & = ?is v reason1 to  
my own p]sonal life2 t is1 s9ce ,i _h no
 *ildr5 ( my own1 ,i took to me my de>  
nephews :om ,i mo/ deeply lov$1 9 ord]  
?r\gh !m & ) !m to "w out bless+s = my  
home & my native l&1 = ,s*w>zburg &     
,?ur+ia1 & s = ! :ole wide ,fa!rl&      
itself4#ajb ,! et]nal pr9ciples (       
developm5t1 z ,i recognis$ !m )9 me1    
w\ld h x ?us & n o!rwise4  ,timidly1 v  
timidly1 did ,i v5ture to call my "w by 
! title ( ,g]man1 or ,univ]sal ,g]man   
education2 &1 inde$1 ,i /ruck t out f "o
 ( my manuscripts1 al?\gh x 0 precisely 
! "n requir$ to />t ) z x express$ !    
broad nature ( my propos$ in/itution4   
,an appeal to ! g5]al public to become  
?or\gh m5 seem$ to me too gr&iose1 too  
liable to be misund]/ood1 z1 inde$1 9 ! 
ev5t1 x only too truly prov$2 b to      
become ?or\gh ,g]mans1 s ,i ?\ght1 w\ld 
seem to !m some?+ 9 e>ne/1 some?+ wor? !
 /riv+ =1 especially aft] su* h>d &     

special trials z _h rec5tly be5 endur$  
by ! ,g]man nation4  ,) y\r p5etrat+    
judgm5t y qu>rell$ ) t t]m ,g]man       
education2 b1 aft] all1 ev5 ! appeal to 
be made ?or\gh ,g]mans prov$ to be too  
gr&iose & liable to be misund]/ood4 ,= e
 "o said ,g]man8 ,well1 ,i am ,g]man1 & 
h be5 s f my bir?1 j z a mu%room is a   
mu%room2#ajc :at1 !n1 d ,i want )       
education to tea* me to be a ?or\gh     
,g]man8 ,:at w\ld ^! wor?y p h said1 _h 
,i ask$ !m to tra9 !mselves to become   
?or\gh m58 ,n[ _h ,i plann$ my          
educational in/itute altoge!r diff]5tly1
 _h ,i (f]$ to tra9 a special class1    
body-s]vants1 footm5 or h\semaids1      
%oemak]s or tailors1 tradesm5 or        
m]*ants1 soldi]s or ev5 noblem51 !n %\ld
 ,i h ga9$ fame & glory = ! great       
usefulness & practical nature ( my      
in/itution1 = c]ta92 & surely all m5    
w\ld h ha/5$ to ackn[l$ge x z an        
important matt]1 & z a ?+ to be         
adequately support$ by ! ,/ate4 ,i %\ld 
h be5 held z ! "r man 9 ! "r place by ! 

,/ate & by ! _w2 & s mu* ! m because z a
 ,/ate-ma*9e ,i %\ld h be5 engag$ 9     
cutt+ out & modell+ o!r ,/ate-ma*9es4 ,b
 ,i--,i only want$ to tra9 up free1     
?9k+1 indep5d5t m56 ,n[ :o wants to be1 
or :o c>es to suff] ano!r to be1 a      
free-?9k+1 indep5d5t man8 ,if x 0 folly 
to talk ab\t educat+ p]sons z ,g]mans1  
:at 0 x to talk ab\t educat+ !m z m58 ,!
 education ( ,g]mans 0 felt to be some?+
 extraord9>y & f>fet*$2 ! education ( m5
 0 a m]e %ad[1 a deceitful image1 a bl9d
 en?usiasm4#ajd  ,f ?is digression ,i n[
 return1 to cont9ue my attempt at mak+  
myself kn[n to y1 z f> z is possible1 9 
a lett]2 by :i* ,i mean my real inn]    
self1 z manife/$ 9 my endeav\rs & my    
hopes4  ,p]mit me1 !re=e1 to g a /ep    
ne>] t[>ds :at lies deepe/ 9 my s\l1 at 
lea/ t ( x :i* is communicable to ano!r 
p]son4 ,i h />t$ by /at+ my position f !
 side ( k1 n[ let me /ate x also f ano!r
 side4 ,my exp]i5ce1 especially t ga9$  
by repeat$ resid5ces at ! univ]sity1 _h 
taught me beyond a d\bt t ! me?od (     

education hi!rto 9 use1 especially :]e x
 involv$ le>n+ by rote1 & :]e x look$ at
 subjects simply f ! outside or         
hi/orically1 & consid]$ !n capable (    
appreh5sion by m]e ex]cise "w1 dull$ !  
edge ( all high true atta9m5t1 ( all    
real m5tal insight1 ( all g5u9e progress
 9 sci5tific culture1 (                 
self-contemplation1 & ?us ( all real k1 
& ( ! acquisition ( tru? ?r\gh k4 ,i    
might almo/ g fur!r1 & say t its t5d5cy 
0 t[>ds r5d]+ all ^! wor?y objects      
impossible4  ,!re=e1 ,i 0 firmly        
conv9c$1 z ( c\rse ,i /ill am1 t ! :ole 
=m] educational sy/em1 ev5 t :i* _h     
receiv$ improvem5t1 ought to be exactly 
rev]s$1 & reg>d$ f a diametrically      
opposite po9t ( view--namely1 t ( a     
sy/em ( developm5t4 ,i answ]$ ^? :o kept
 ask+ :at x 0 t ,i really did want aft] 
all1 ) ?is s5t5ce3 ,i want ! exact      
opposite ( :at n[ s]ves z educational   
me?od & z tea*+-sy/em 9 g5]al4 ,i 01 &  
am1 completely conv9c$1 t aft] ?is      
fa%ion alone g5u9e k & absolute tru?1 by

 "r ! univ]sal possessions ( mank9d1    
%all f9d once aga91 n alone s+le /ud5ts 
"h & !re1 b ! va/ majority ( all our    
true-he>t$ "y m5 & ( our pr(essors      
spread+ f> & wide ! elem5ts ( a noble   
humanis$ life4 ,to br+ ?is into a       
practical s*eme ,i held to be my highe/ 
duty1 a duty :i* ,i c\ld nev] evade1 &  
"o :i* ,i c\ld nev] %ake (f1 s9ce a man 
_c %ake (f 8 own nature4  ,our greate/  
tea*]s1 ev5 ,pe/alozzi himself n        
except$1 seem$ to me too b>e1 too       
empirical1#aje & arbitr>y1 & !re=e n    
suffici5tly sci5tific 9 _! pr9ciples--t 
is1 n suffici5tly l$ by ! laws ( our    
be+2 !y seem$ to me 9 no wise to        
recognise ! ,div9e elem5t 9 sci5ce1 to  
feel its wor?1 & to *]i% x4 ,!re=e ,i   
?\ght & hop$1 ) ! c\rage & inexp]i5ce ( 
y\?1 t all sci5tific & le>n$ m51 t !    
univ]sities1 9 "o ^w1 w\ld imm$iately   
recognise ! purport ( my ef=ts1 & w\ld  
/rive ) all _! might to enc\rage me by  
^w & de$4  ,9 ?is ,i 0 egregi\sly       
mi/ak52 nev]!less ,i am n a%am$ ( !     

error4 ,b few p]sons rais$ _! voices =  
me or aga9/ me2 &1 inde$1 y\r article 9 
! ,isis is ! s+le sun-ray :i* really    
g5]\sly w>m$ & enlight5$ my life &      
lifework4 ,en\gh6 ! ,univ]sities paid no
 he$ to ! simple s*oolma/]4#ajf ,z to ! 
able editors1 !y1 9 _! reviews1 ?\ght v 
diff]5tly f me2 b :y %\ld ,i tr\ble     
myself fur!r ) rememb]+ _! p]=mances1   
:i* 7 writt5 simply ) ! object ( degrad+
 me & my "w8 ,!y nev] succe$$ 9 %ak+ my 
convictions 9 ! lea/4  ,i reg>d ! simple
 c\rse ( developm5t1 proce$+ f analysis 
to syn!sis1 :i* *>act]ises pure reason$ 
?\ght1 z also ! natural c\rse ( !       
developm5t ( e human be+4 ,su* a c\rse (
 developm5t1 exactly opposite to ! pa?  
tak5 by ! old-fa%ion$ me?ods (          
education1 ,i n[ see mank9d ab\t to ent]
 ^u2 nay1 x has be5 actually ent]$ ^u   
already 9 a few s+le cases1 ?\gh ^!     
cases are almo/ unkn[n & !re=e unreg>d$2
 & ) ?is new c\rse ( developm5t a new   
p]iod is to beg91 a new age = all       
mank9d1 & !re=e 9 ! high] inn] s5se a   

new _w2 a _w1 p]ceiv+ & und]/&+1 p]ceiv$
 & und]/ood2 a _w ( cry/al cle>ness1    
creat+ an altoge!r new life = sci5ce1 & 
c>ry+ onw>d !re=e ! true sci5ce1 t is1 !
 sci5ce ( be+1 & all t is f\nd$ ^u ?is &
 condition$ by ?is4#ajg  ,i may image =?
 ! position ( my educational e/abli%m5t 
) reg>d to ! univ]sities1 "u ! figure ( 
family life4  ,9 a heal?ily con/itut$   
family x is ! "m :o fir/ c>es =1 wat*es 
ov]1 & develops ! *ild1 tea*es him to   
read1 m>k1 le>n1 & inw>dly dige/1 d]iv+ 
ev]y?+ %e tea*es f its c5tral unity1 &  
ga!r+ up h] tea*+ into t unity aga94  ,!
 fa!r receives 8 son f ! h& & ! he>t ( !
 "m2 ) 8 s\l already full ( true active 
life1 ( desire = ! k ( causes & effects1
 = ! und]/&+ ( ! :ole & its             
ramifications2 ) 8 m9d op5 to ! tru? & 8
 eyes to ! light1 & ) a p]petually      
n\ri%$ ye>n+ = creative activity1 able  
to obs]ve :ile build+ up1 & to recognise
 :ile tak+ ap>t2 su* 9 himself & 8      
surr\nd+s1 always active1 creative1 full
 ( ?\ght & endeav\r1 does ! fa!r receive

 8 son 9 8 home1 to tra9 & tea* him = ! 
wid] life outside4 ,?us %\ld x be ) my  
educational in/itute & ! univ]sities2 z 
reg>ds ! gr[? & developm5t ( man ,i only
 desire to take ! place ( ! sil5tly     
work+1 t5d]ly *]i%+ "m4  ,! life1 ! w1 !
 und]/&+1 ^! ?ree mu/ =m ! common *ord  
or triad ( ! h>mony ( human life1 n[ "o 
tone1 n[ ano!r1 n[ two ( ! ?ree1 ris+   
p[]fully above ! re/4 ,b :]e ^! tones   
are sep>ate & inh>moni\s !re !y "w to   
discord1 z we see b too cle>ly 9 daily  
life3--       ,wre/l+ ) life & ) dea?1  
susp5d$ betwe5 !m we      hang4  ,9     
:atev] family ?is *ord is f ! fir/ set  
sweetly 9 tune1 its pure concords unit+ 
to =m ! fundam5tal h>mony ( exi/5ce1 !re
 all ! hobgobl9s ( ord9>y life1 :i* ev5 
yet (t5 unite to annoy u1 w be driv5 f> 
away1 !re w joy & peace p]petually      
inhabit1 !re w heav5 desc5d to e>? & e>?
 rise up to heav52 to a heav51 moreov]1 
z full ( cont5tm5t1 z responsive to e   
ye>n+ ( ! s\l z ev] ! ,*ur* has pa9t$4  
,b s9ce all true & e>ne/ life mu/ arise 

f & return to ! ideal life1 to life 9   
itself1 s mu/ a s*ool ( developm5t1 :i* 
is to lead m51 by means ( _! ord9>y     
life1 t[>ds t high] life1 be itself a   
true s*ool ( religi\s tra9+ 9 ! mo/     
compreh5sive s5se ( ! ^w4  ,man ought n 
to be cont5t$ ) tea*+ m]ely direct$ to  
satisfy 8 ne$s z a *ild ( e>?1 b mu/    
dem& & receive f education a true       
f\ndation1 a creative1 satisfy+         
prep>ation = all ! grades ( developm5t (
 nature & ! _w :i* mank9d enc\nt]s1 & = 
! ev]la/+ "h & beyond ( ea* new mom5t ( 
exi/5ce1 = ! ev]la/+ re/1 ! ev]la/+     
activity1 ! ev]la/+ life 9 ,god4  ,z1   
h[ev]1 x is only z a ,*ri/ian1 be he    
consci\sly or unconsci\sly s1 baptis$ or
 unbaptis$1 tak+ ! ,*ri/ian "n or       
reject+ x1 t he c ?9k & act aft] ?is    
fa%ion1 y c see at once ! reason :y my  
sy/em ( education feels itself to be1 & 
9 fact claims to be1 an education aft] !
 true _s1 & foll[+ ! precepts ( ,jesus  
,*ri/4  ,?r\gh love1 mutual fai?1 & a   
common aim t[>ds acquir+1 manife/+1 &   

act+ out k1 !re has gr[n up r\nd me a   
little company ( m5 b\nd toge!r by      
beautiful human bonds1 ! l ( :i* y w\ld 
) difficulty f9d else:]e4 ,9 y\r la/    
lett] y desir$ to h "s acc\nt ( ^!      
fri5ds & memb]s ( my h\sehold4 ,i w     
describe !m = y4  ,b if my acc\nt is to 
be any?+ m ?an a lifeless li/ ( names1 &
 if1 ?\gh x _c be ! closely-bran*$ tree 
( life :i* actually exi/s1 x is at lea/ 
to come z ne> x z a g>l& or a nosegay to
 ! tree1 y mu/ p]mit me to g back a     
little into my pa/ life2 = out ( !      
self-same _s1 :5ce arose my own         
endeav\rs & :i* gave its direction to my
 own life1 arose also ! circle ( ^?     
fri5ds :o are n[ s closely unit$ ) me4  
,! ,g]man w> ( #ahac1 9 :i* s mu*       
se$-corn 0 s[$ t p]haps only ! small] "p
 ( x has yet sprung up1 to say no?+ (   
blossom+ & fruitage1 s[$ also ! se$ :5ce
 sprang ! fir/ beg9n+s ( our            
association1 & ( our h>moni\s circle4 ,9
 ,april #ahac ,jahn l$ me & o!r ,b]l9   
/ud5ts to meet my future comrades 9     

arms1 ,luetz['s ,black ,troop2 we w5t f 
,b]l9 to ,dresd51 & !nce = ! mo/ "p to  
,leipzig4 ,on ?is m>* ,jahn made me     
acqua9t$ be=e we rea*$ ,meiss5 ) ano!r  
,b]l9 /ud5t1 ,he9ri* ,lange?al1 (       
,erfurt1 z a fell[-c\ntryman ( m9e2 &   
,lange?al introduc$ me to 8 fri5d &     
fell[-/ud5t 9 !ology1 ,midd5dorff1 (    
,bre*t51 ne> ,dortmund4#ajh  ,a         
wond]fully lovely spr+ ev5+ sp5t toge!r 
by ! fri5dly %ores ( ,elbe1 & a visit to
 ! magnific5t ,ca!dral ( ,meiss51 br\ght
 me ne>] to ^! & o!r comrades2 b x 0 !  
pleasant banks ( ,havel at ,havelb]g1 ! 
*>m+ situation ( ! gr& ca!dral1 ! ,rh9e 
,travels ( ,georg ,=/]1 a common love = 
nature1 & above all a common eag] ye>n+ 
= high] culture t b\nd u ?ree = ev]     
toge!r4#aji  ,! w> 9 all its exhil>ation
 & depression1 its privation & pleasure1
 its transi5t & its p]man5t aspects1    
fl[$ on2 sometimes ne>] to u1 sometimes 
fur!r away4 ,9 ,augu/ #ahad ,i 0 releas$
 f s]vice1 & return$ to ,b]l91 !re to   
ent] ^u ! po/#aaj at ! ,univ]sity       

,museum1 :i* ,i h already m5tion$4      
,soon aft]1 q unexpect$ly1 ,i ran aga9/ 
my fri5ds aga91 :o _h come back to ,b]l9
 to f9i% _! /udies4 ,aft] be+ some:at   
sep>at$ by ! nature ( our "w1 !y z      
eag]ly /udy+ !ology z ,i did natural    
sci5ce1 our common ne$ & inn] aspiration
 br\ght u once m toge!r4 ,!y _h tak5 "s 
private tea*+1 & 7 frequ5tly driv5 to   
seek my c\nsel & in/ruction by !        
difficulties ( _! new position4 ,:5 ! w>
 broke out afre% 9 #ahae1 ,midd5dorff _h
 be5 liv+ = sev]al mon?s previ\sly ) me 
z room companion4 ,?us _h life ?r[n u   
closely toge!r1 s t ,i c\ld see ea* "o  
exactly z he 01 9 all 8 individuality1 )
 8 qualities & 8 defici5cies1 ) :at he  
c\ld contribute1 & :at he w\ld h to     
receive f o!rs4  ,9 ,octob] #ahaf ,i    
left my po/1 & quitt$ ,b]l91 )\t z yet  
confid+ to any "o exactly :at outw>d aim
 ,i _h 9 view1 simply say+ t ,i w\ld    
write & give "s acc\nt ( myself z soon z
 ,i _h f\nd :at ,i set out to seek4 ,9  
,novemb] ( ! same ye> my de>ly lov$     

bro!r1#aaa ! elde/ n[ liv+1 :om ,i made 
my confidant s f> z t 0 possible1 & :o 0
 at t "t a manufactur] at ,o/]ode 9 !   
,h>z di/rict1 gave me 8 two sons to     
educate4 ,!y 7 8 only sons1 ?\gh n 8    
only *ildr52 two boys ( six & eight ye>s
 old respectively4 ,) ^! boys ,i set out
 = a village on ! ,urn call$ ,grie%eim1 
& !re ,i add$ to my little family1 fir/ 
two1 !n a ?ird1 t is1 altoge!r ?ree o!r 
nephews1 ! orphan sons ( my late de>e/  
bro!r1#aab he :o _h always be/ sympa?is$
 ) me ?r\gh life4 ,he _h be5 m9i/] at   
,grie%eim1 & 8 wid[ /ill liv$ !re4 ,he  
_h di$ ( hospital fev] 9 #ahac1 j aft] !
 cessation ( ! w>4 ,i reckon1 !re=e1 !  
duration ( my pres5t educational "w f   
,novemb] #af?1 #ahaf4  ,already ,i _h   
writt5 f ,o/]ode to ,midd5dorff at      
,b]l91 invit+ him & ,lange?al to jo9 me 
& help 9 work+ out a sy/em ( life &     
education wor?y ( man4 ,x 0 only        
possible = ,midd5dorff to rea* me by    
,april #ahag1 & ,lange?al c\ld n arrive 
until ev5 ! foll[+ ,septemb]4 ,! latt]1 

h[ev]1 s5t me1 by ,midd5dorff1 8 bro!r1 
a boy ( elev5 ye>s old2#aac s t ,i n[ _h
 six pupils4 ,9 ,june ( ! same ye>      
7#ahag7 family reasons caus$ me to move 
f ,grie%eim to ?is place1 ,keilhau4#aad 
,next came o!r pupils also1 )           
,lange?al's arrival 9 ,septemb]4 ,my    
h\sehold 0 gr[+ fa/1 & yet ,i _h no h\se
 ( my own4 ,9 a way only compreh5sible  
to ,him ,:o kn[s ! work+s ( ! m9d1 ,i   
manag$ by ,novemb] to get ! s*ool t ,i  
n[ occupy built z a frame-h\se1 b )\t   
be+ 9 possession ( ! gr\nd x /ood on4   
,i pass ov] ! space ( a ye>1 :i* 0      
nev]!less s ri* 9 exp]i5ces ( tr\ble &  
joy1 ( times :5 we 7 ca/ d[n1 & o!r     
times :5 we 7 lift$ up1 t its           
description w\ld easily fill _m times ! 
space ev5 ( ?is long lett]4 ,9 ,june ( !
 foll[+ ye> ,i became 9 ! mo/ rem>kable 
way possessor ( ! little f>m :i* ,i /ill
 hold1 9 ,keilhau1 & ?us = ! fir/ "t    
possessor also ( ! l& ^u :i* ! s*oolh\se
 _h already be5 erect$4#aae ,z yet !re 7
 no o!r build+s !re4  ,9 ,septemb] #ahah

 ,i br\ght to ! h\sehold1 /ill fur!r    
increas$1 & n[ s ri* ) *ildr5 & bro!rs1 
its h\sewife1 9 ! p]son ( a lady :om a l
 love ( ,nature & ( *ildhood ) my own1 &
 a l high & e>ne/ conception (          
education1 z ! prep>ation = a life wor?y
 ( man1 _h drawn t[>ds me4 ,%e 0        
accompani$ by a "y girl :om %e _h "s "t 
be=e adopt$ z a daught]1 & :o n[ came ) 
h] to assi/ h] 9 ! duties ( !           
h\sehold4#aaf  ,we _h n[ a sev]e /ruggle
 = exi/5ce = ! :ole "t up to #ahbj4 ,)  
all our ef=ts we nev] c\ld get ! s*ool  
h\se enl>g$2 o!r /ill m necess>y build+s
 _h to be erect$ fir/1 "u press+ ne$ =  
!m4#aag ,9 ! ye> #ahbj1 on ,asc5sion    
,day1 my bro!r f ,o/]ode1 ^: two sons 7 
already my pupils1 came to jo9 me ) 8   
:ole family & all 8 possessions2 urg$ by
 8 love = 8 boys1 & a wi% to help 9 !   
advancem5t ( my life's purpose4 ,z my   
bro!r1 beyond ! two sons ,i h m5tion$1  
_h ?ree daught]s1 my family 0 increas$  
by five p]sons ?r\gh 8 arrival4#aah  ,! 
completion ( ! s*ool-h\se 0 n[ pu%$ on )

 zeal2 b x 0 #ahbb be=e we got x f9i%$4 
,our life f ?is po9t becomes s complex t
 x is impossible to d m ?an j m5tion :at
 applies to ! ,association =m$ by our   
/ill unit$ memb]s4  ,9 #ahbc1           
,midd5dorff's si/]'s son ,b>op1 till !n 
a div9ity /ud5t 9 ,halle1 visit$ u2 & he
 0 s impress$ by ! :ole "w t he 0       
irresi/ibly driv5 soon aft]w>ds to jo9 u
 9 our life-task4#aai ,s9ce #ahbc1 ) !  
exception ( su* breaks z 8 "w 9 life    
dem&$1 he has be5 un9t]rupt$ly "o ( our 
community1 %>+ 9 our "w4 ,at ?is        
mom5t#abj he is 9 ,b]l91 s]v+ 8 "o ye> )
 ! col\rs z a volunte]1 & devot+ :at "t 
he has to sp>e1 to e>ne/ /udy1          
especially t ( natural sci5ce4 ,we hope 
to h him back ) u next spr+4 ,9 ! autumn
 ( #ahbe ,lange?al became engag$ to my  
wife's adopt$ daught]1 :o _h come ) h] f
 ,b]l92 & ,midd5dorff became engag$ to  
my bro!r's elde/ daught]4 ,asc5sion ,day
 #ahbf 0 ! w$d+-day = bo? c\ples4 ,heav5
 bless$ ea* m>riage ) a daught]1 b took 
back to itself ! little "o ( ,lange?al4 

,/ill ano!r fai?ful colleague mu/ ,i    
rememb] "h1 ,h]r ,c>l f ,hildburghaus51 
:o has be5 s9ce ,new ,ye>'s ,day #ahbe a
 memb] ( our ,in/itute1 8 p>ticul> "w   
be+ to tea* in/rum5tal music & s++4 ,he 
lives & works 9 ! true _s ( ! ,in/itute1
 & is b\nd up he>t & s\l ) its          
=tunes4#aba ,( o!r tea*]s1 :o h assi/$ u
 9 ! ,in/itute = great] or less "t1 ,i  
ne$ n speak2 !y nev] prop]ly belong$ to 
our circle4 ,among/ all ! specially     
associat$ memb]s ( our little b&1 n "o  
brea* has occurr$ s9ce ! beg9n+ ( our   
"w4 ,i w\ld ,i c\ld feel t ,i _h        
accompli%$ :at ,i h aim$ at 9 ?is       
lett]--namely1 to make y acqua9t$ ) !   
inn] deep seat$ common life :i* really  
b9ds toge!r ! memb]s compos+ our        
outw>dly unit$ association2 al?\gh x has
 only be5 feasible r to sugge/ by       
implication ! int]nal m5tal ph5om5a ( ! 
ext]nal bonds ( union ?an prop]ly to    
indicate !m & to set !m cle>ly =?4      
99       99       99       99       99  
,?is ends ! autobiographical "p ( !     

,krause lett]4 ,"h & !re 9 ! footnotes !
 pres5t editors1 pr(\nd admir]s ( !     
great ma/]1 h v5tur$ to criticise       
frankly ! inord9ate belief 9 himself :i*
 0 at once ,froebel's /r5g?1 & 8        
weakness4 ,on ! "o h&1 8 noble & truly  
gigantic ef=ts 7 only made possible by 8
 almo/ fanatical conviction 9 8         
pr9ciples & 9 8 mission4 ,on ! o!r h&1  
?is dogmatic attitude made x v difficult
 to "w ) him1 = p]sons ( any indep5d5ce 
( m9d4 ,he c\ld sc>cely brook           
discussion1 nev] contradiction4 ,?is is 
mo/ *>act]i/ically %[n by a fragm5t (   
,froebel's dat$ #a/ ,april1 #ahbi1 z    
foll[s3--  ,i consid] my own "w & ef=t z
 unique 9 all "t1 z necess>y 9 itself1 &
 z ! mess5g] ( re=mation = all ages1    
work+ =w>ds & backw>ds1 (f]+ & giv+ to  
mank9d all t x ne$s1 & all t x          
p]petually seeks on e side4 ,i h no     
compla9t to make if o!rs ?9k o!rwise    
ab\t x2 ,i c be> ) !m2#abb ,i c ev51 if 
ne$ be1 live ) !m1 & ?is ,i h actually  
done2 b ,i c %>e no life-aim ) !m1 !y & 

,i h no unity ( purpose 9 life4 ,x is n 
,i1 x is !y :o are at fault h]e92 ,i d n
 sep>ate myself f !m1 !y )draw !mselves 
f me4  ,to get a view ( ,froebel's "w f 
! practical side1 s z to supplem5t !    
acc\nt we h receiv$ f ,froebel himself z
 to ! orig9ation & developm5t ( !       
pr9ciples ^u :i* t "w 0 bas$1 we h      
select$ a sket* by ,b>op entitl$        
,critical ,mom5ts 9 ! ,froebel          
,community2 writt5 = ,dr4 ,lange's      
edition by ,b>op 7!n ! pr9cipal &       
proprietor ( ,keilhau7 ab\t ! ye> #ahfb4
     ,,critical ,,mom5ts ,,9 ,,!        
,,froebel ,,community4  ,"u ?is head+   
,b>op writes z foll[s3--  ,ab\t #ahbg we
 7 9 an unusually critical position4 ,y 
"k h[ little means we _h :5 we began to 
create our ,in/itution4#abc ,midd5dorff 
_h sacrific$ 8 entire inh]itance f 8    
fa!r1 b ! pur*ase ( ! gr\nd & ! erection
 ( necess>y build+s call$ = consid]able 
sums1 s t ,midd5dorff's addition to !   
capital _h disappe>$ l drops ( wat]     
fall+ on a hot /one4 ,my fa!r-9-law1    

,*ri/ian ,ludwig ,froebel1 _h lat] on   
come =w>d & plac$ 8 entire =tune        
unconditionally 9 ! h&s ( 8 bro!r1#abd b
 ev5 ?is sacrifice 0 n suffici5t to keep
 away c>e & want f ! door4 ,my own fa!r 
0 a man ( means1 b he 0 s angry at my   
jo9+ ! ,froebel community at            
,keilhau#abe t he refus$ me any         
assi/ance :atev]4 ,mi/ru/ surr\nd$ u on 
all sides 9 ^! e>ly ye>s ( our "w2 op5 &
 conceal$ enmities assail$ u bo? f ne> &
 f>1 & s\ght to embitt] our lot & to nip
 our ef=ts 9 ! bud4 ,none ! less = ?is1 
! in/itution blossom$ quick & fair2 b   
lat] on1 ?r\gh ! well-kn[n p]secution   
direct$ aga9/ associations ( /ud5ts1 x 0
 br\ght to ! v]ge ( ru91 = ! _s ( #ahae 
0 inc>nate )9 x1 & x 0 ?is _s :i* at !  
"t 7ab\t #ahbg7 0 ! object ( ! extreme/ 
irritation4#abf ,x w\ld c>ry me too f> 7
 ,i to attempt to give a complete acc\nt
 ( ^! ?+s4 ,at times x really seem$ z if
 ! devil himself mu/ be let loose aga9/ 
u4 ,! numb] ( our pupils sank to five or
 six1 & z ! small receipts dw9dl$ m & m1

 s did ! burd5 ( debt rise high] & high]
 till x rea*$ a giddy height4 ,cr$itors 
/orm$ at u f e side1 urg$ on by lawy]s  
:o imbru$ _! h&s 9 our mis]y4 ,froebel  
w\ld run out at ! back door & escape    
among/ ! hills :5ev] dunn+ cr$itors     
appe>$4 ,midd5dorff1 & he alone1 g5]ally
 succe$$ 9 quiet+ !m1 a feat :i* might  
seem incr$ible to all b ^? :o h kn[n !  
fasc9ation ( ,midd5dorff's address4     
,sometimes q mov+ sc5es occurr$1 full ( 
=be>ance1 tru/fulness1 & noble s5tim5t1 
on ! "p ( workm5 :o _h come to ask u =  
_! money4 ,a locksmi?1 = in/ance1 0     
/rongly advis$ by 8 lawy] to br+ an     
action aga9/ ! scamps1 f :om no money 0 
to be got1 & :o 7 evid5tly on ! po9t (  
failure4 ,! locksmi? indignantly        
repudiat$ ! insult ?us levell$ aga9/ u1 
& repli$ %ortly t he _h r lose 8        
h>d-e>n$ money ?an hold a d\bt z to our 
hon\rable conduct1 & t no?+ 0 fur!r f 8 
?\ghts ?an to increase our tr\bles4 ,ah6
 & ^! tr\bles 7 h>d to be>1 =           
,midd5dorff _h already m>ri$1 & ,i      

foll[$ 8 example4 ,:5 ,i propos$ = my   
wife1 my future fa!r-9-law &            
"m-9-law#abg said1 ,y surely w n rema9  
long] 9 ,keilhau8 ,i answ]$1 ,yes6 ,i d 
int5d to rema9 "h4 ,! idea = :i* we live
 seems to me to be 9 h>mony ) ! _s ( !  
age1 & also ( deep importance 9 itself2 
& ,i h no d\bt b t m5 w come to believe 
9 u because ( our "r und]/&+ ( ?is idea1
 9 ! same way t we ourselves believe 9 !
 invisible4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 none ( u 
h ev] sw]v$ "o in/ant f ! fulle/ belief 
9 our educational mission1 & ! mo/      
critical dilemma 9 ! times we h pass$   
?r\gh has nev] reveal$ "o s+le wav]+ s\l
 9 ?is little valley4  ,:5 our di/ress  
_h ris5 to its highe/ pit*1 a new &     
unexpect$ prospect sudd5ly reveal$      
itself4#abh ,sev]al v influ5tial fri5ds 
( ours spoke to ! ,duke ( ,me9+5 ( our  
"w4 ,he summon$ ,froebel to him1 & made 
inquiries z to 8 plans = ! future4      
,froebel laid be=e him a plan = an      
educational in/itute1#abi complete 9 e  
p>ticul>1 :i* we _h all work$ at 9      

common to draw up1 9 :i* n only ! ord9>y
 le>n$ bran*es ( education b also       
h&icrafts1 su* z c>p5t]+1 weav+1        
bookb9d+1 till+ ! gr\nd & s on 7 us$ z  
means ( culture4 ,dur+ half ! s*ool h\rs
 /udies 7 to be pursu$1 & ! o!r half 0  
to be occupi$ by h&iwork ( "o k9d or    
ano!r4 ,?is "w 0 to give opportunities =
 direct in/ruction2 & above all x 0 s   
plann$ z to excite 9 ! m9d ( ! *ild a   
necessity = explanations z well z to    
gratify 8 desire = creativ5ess & =      
practical usefulness4 ,! awak5+ ( ?is   
eag] desire = le>n+ & creative activity1
 0 "o ( ! fundam5tal ?\ghts ( ,fri$ri*  
,froebel's m9d4 ,! object-tea*+ (       
,pe/alozzi seem$ to him n to g f> en\gh2
 & he 0 always seek+ to reg>d man n only
 z a receptive be+1 b a creative1 &     
especially z a productive "o4 ,we nev]  
c\ld "w out our ideas 9 ,keilhau        
satisfactorily1 because we c\ld n       
procure effici5t te*nical tea*+2 & be=e 
all ?+s we want$ ! pupils !mselves4 ,b  
n[ by ! help ( ! ,duke ( ,me9+5 our     

ke5e/ hopes seem$ on ! po9t (           
gratification4 ,! work+ out ( ! plan    
spok5 ( above1 l$ u to _m practical     
con/ructions 9 :i* already lay ! elem5ts
 ( ! future ,k9d]g>t5 occupations4 ,^!  
models are n[ scatt]$ f> & wide1 & inde$
 are = ! mo/ "p lo/2 b ! writt5 plan has
 be5 pres]v$4  ,! ,duke ( ,me9+5 0 mu*  
pleas$ ) ,froebel's explanations ( ?is  
plan1 & ) ! complete & op5-he>t$ way 9  
:i* ev]y?+ 0 laid be=e him4 ,a          
proposition 0 n[ made t ,froebel %\ld   
receive ! e/ate ( ,helba ) ?irty acres (
 l&1 & a ye>ly subsidy ( #a1jjj         
flor9s4#acj ,9 pass+ x may be notic$ t  
,froebel 0 consult$ by ! duke z to !    
education ( ! h]$it>y pr9ce4 ,froebel at
 once said outright t no good w\ld be   
done = ! future rul] if he 7 n br\ght up
 9 ! society ( o!r boys4 ,! duke came to
 8 op9ion1 & ! pr9ce 0 actually s taught
 & br\ght up4  ,:5 ,froebel came back f 
,me9+5#aca ! :ole community 0 naturally 
ov]joy$2 b _! joy did n la/ v long4 ,a  
man ( high /ation 9 ,me9+5 :o 0 accu/om$

 to ex]cise a sort ( dictator%ip 9      
educational matt]s1 z he 0 ! "r-h& man (
 ! pr9ce 9 su* ?+s1 a man also :o _h    
e>n$ an hon\rable place 9 lit]ature 7(  
:i* no "o surely w\ld seek to deprive   
him71 fe>$ mu* le/ ! elevation (        
,froebel %\ld injure 8 own influ5ce4 ,we
 7 !re=e1 all ( a sudd51 once aga9      
assail$ ) ! meane/ & mo/ dete/able      
*>ges1 to :i* our un=tunate position at 
,keilhau l5t a conv5i5t h&le4 ,! duke   
receiv$ secret w>n+s aga9/ u4 ,he began 
to wav]1 & 9 a temporis+ way s5t aga9 to
 ,froebel1 propos+ t he %\ld fir/ try a 
provisional e/abli%m5t ( tw5ty pupils z 
an exp]im5t4 ,froebel saw ! int5tion 9 !
 duke's m9d1 & 0 ?r[n out ( hum\r at    
once2 = :5 he suspect$ mi/ru/ he lo/ all
 hope1 & imm$iately ca/ f 8 m9d :at a   
few h\rs be=e _h s w>mly enc\rag$ him4  
,!re=e ,froebel at once broke (f all    
negotiations1 & set out = ,frankfurt1 to
 discuss ! "w at ,keilhau ) 8 fri5ds2   
s9ce aft] s _m tr\bles he _h almo/ begun
 to lose fai? 9 himself4 ,"h by *ance he

 met ! well-kn[n musical compos]        
,s*nyd]1 f ,w>t5see4 ,he told ?is       
g5tleman ( ! ev5ts :i* _h j occurr$1    
talk$ to him ( 8 plans & ( our "w at    
,keilhau1 & ex]cis$ ^u him t ov]p[]+    
influ5ce :i* is ! peculi> prop]ty (     
creative m9ds4 ,s*nyd] saw ! value ( 8  
ef=ts1 & begg$ him to set up an         
educational e/abli%m5t 9 8 ca/le on !   
,w>t5see1 9 ,switz]l&4#acb ,froebel     
hurri$ly seiz$ ) joy ! h& ?us held out  
to him1 & at once set (f = ,w>t5see ) 8 
nephew1 my bro!r-9-law ,f]d9&4  ,!re    
,fri$ri* & ,f]d9& ,froebel _h already   
be5 liv+ & work+ "s little "t :5 ,i 0   
ask$ by ! re/ ( ! community :o /ill     
rema9$ at ,keilhau to g & see = myself  
exactly h[ !y 7 gett+ on 9 ,switz]l&4 ,)
 t5 ?al]s#acc 9 my pocket1 & 9          
possession ( "o old summ] coat1 :i* ,i  
wore1 & a ?readb>e frock-coat1 :i* ,i   
c>ri$ ov] my arm1 ,i set (f on ,%anks's 
m>e#acd to travel ! :ole way4 ,if ,i 7  
to g into details z to :at ,i w5t ?r\gh 
on t j\rney1 ,i %\ld probably run ! risk

 ( be+ *>g$ ) gross exagg]ation4 ,en\gh1
 ,i got to my de/9ation1 & :5 ,i ask$ 9 
! neighb\rhood ab\t my fri5ds & _! do+s1
 ,i le>n$ f e "o t !re 0 no?+ fur!r to  
say aga9/ ! h]etics1 ?an t !y 7 h]etics4
 ,a few peasant *ildr5 f ! neighb\rhood 
_h f\nd _! way to !m1 b no "o came to !m
 f any di/ance1 z _h be5 reckon$ ^u f ! 
fir/ by ,froebel z a s\rce ( income4 ,! 
ill-w ( ! cl]gy1 :i* began to %[ itself 
imm$iately ! in/itution 0 f\nd$1 & :i*  
became /rong] z ! foot+ ( our fri5ds    
grew firm]1 0 able to ga!r to itself a  
foll[+ suffici5t to *eck any quick gr[? 
( our und]tak+4 ,besides1 ! basis = su* 
an e/abli%m5t 0 n to be f\nd at         
,w>t5see4 ,s*nyd] _h1 inde$1 ) a        
g5]osity nev] too greatly to be admir$ &
 prais$1 made ov] to u 8 ca/le & all its
 furniture1 8 plate1 8 spl5did          
libr>y1--9 %ort1 all t 0 9 or ar\nd !   
ca/le 0 fully at our disposition2 b he  
w\ld p]mit no new build+s or alt]ations 
( any sort1 & z ! rooms assign$ to u 7 9
 no way suitable = our use1 x 0 evid5t t

 8 g5]\s support mu/ be reg>d$ z only a 
tempor>y & pass+ assi/ance4 ,we p]ceiv$ 
! evil ( our situation 9 all its        
ke5ness1 b we saw no way out ( !        
difficulty4  ,9 a mo/ rem>kable way !re 
dawn$ ^u u a new prospect at ! v mom5t  
:5 we lea/ expect$ x4 ,we 7 sitt+ "o day
 9 a tav]n ne> ,w>t5see1 & talk+ ( our  
/ruggles ) "s /rang]s :o happ5$ to be   
!re4 ,?ree travell]s 7 mu* int]e/$ 9 our
 n>rative4 ,!y gave !mselves out z      
bus9ess p f ,willisau1#ace & soon in=m$ 
u t !y _h =m$ ! notion ( try+ to get "s 
assi/ance = u1 & our ent]prise = _!     
native t[n4 ,?is !y actually did4 ,we   
receiv$ an invitation f tw5ty associat$ 
well-to-d families 9 ,willisau to remove
 our s*ool !re1 & m fully to "w out our 
plans among/ !m4 ,! association _h      
address$ ! cantonal au?orities1 & a sort
 ( ca/le 0 allott$ provisionally to u4  
,ab\t =ty pupils f ! canton at once     
ent]$ ! s*ool1 & n[ we seem$ at la/ to h
 f\nd :at we _h s long be5 seek+4 ,b !  
prie/s rose up furi\sly aga9/ u ) a     

really devili% =ce4 ,we ev5 w5t 9 fe> ( 
our lives1 & 7 (t5 w>n$ by k9d-he>t$ p  
to turn back1 :5 we 7 walk+ t[>ds       
seclud$ spots1 or _h /ruck along !      
outly+ pa?s among/ ! m\nta9s4 ,to :at   
abom9able means ?is _s ( bigotry        
resort$1 ! foll[+ example may s]ve to   
%[4  ,9 ,willisau a *ur* fe/ival is held
 once a ye>1 9 :i* a communion-waf] is  
%[n1 miracul\sly spott$ ) blood4 ,!     
drops ( blood 7 believ$ by ! p to h be5 
evok$ f ! figure ( ,jesus by ! crime (  
two gambl]s2 :o1 hav+ curs$ ,jesus1     
flung _! sword at him1 :]eupon ! devil  
appe>$4 ,z ,god be ) u#acf seiz$ !      
villa9s by ! ?roat1 a few drops ( blood 
trickl$ f ,jesus' w\nds4 ,to prev5t     
o!rs1 !re=e1 f fall+ 9 a l way into !   
p[] ( ! ar*-deceiv]1 a ye>ly            
commemorative fe/ival is held at        
,willisau4 ,! waf] is %[n z a w>n+ to   
dev\t p1 :o flock 9 cr[ds f all p>ts ( !
 neighb\rhood to jo9 9 ! procession :i* 
closes ! c]emony4 ,we felt ( c\rse      
compell$ to att5d1 & z we wi%$ to take  

our "p1 we (f]$ to lead ! s++4 ,i fe>$  
an outbreak1 & ,i e>ne/ly implor$ my    
fri5ds to keep quiet "u any             
circum/ances1 & :atev] happ5$1 to give  
no pretext = any excitem5t4 ,our s++ 0  
f9i%$1 :5 9 ! place ( ! expect$ prea*]1 
sudd5ly !re appe>$ a blu/]+1 fanatical  
,capu*9 monk4 ,he exhau/$ himself 9     
d5unciations ( ?is ,god-=sak51 wick$    
g5]ation1 sket*$ 9 gl>+ col\rs ! pa9s ( 
hell await+ ! accurs$ race1 & !n fell   
fi]cely ^u ! al>m$ ,willisau]s1 upbraid+
 !m1 z _! wor/ s91 ) ! fo/]+ ( h]etics 9
 _! mid/1 ! said h]etics be+ manife/ly  
ourselves4 ,fi]c] & fi]c] grew 8 ?reats1
 co>s] & co>s] 8 insults aga9/ u & our  
well-wi%]s1 m & m horrible 8 pictures ( 
! flames ( hell1 into grave dang] ( :i* 
! ,willisau]s1 he said1 _h fall5 by _!  
awful s94 ,froebel /ood z if b5umb$1 )\t
 mov+ a muscle1 or *ang+ a feature1     
exactly 9 face ( ! ,capu*91 9 among/ !  
p2 & we o!rs also look$ /raight be=e u1 
immovable4 ,! p>5ts ( our pupils1 z well
 z ! pupils !mselves1 & _m o!rs1 _h     

already fl$ midway 9 ! monk's ,j]emiad4 
,e "o expect$ ! affair to end badly = u2
 & our fri5ds1 outside ! *ur*1 7 tak+   
precautions = our safety1 & conc]t+     
measures = seiz+ ! monk :o 0 ?us incit+ 
! mob to riot4 ,we /ood q /ill all ! "t 
9 our places li/5+ pati5tly to ! close (
 ! ,capu*9's tirade3 ,w91 !n1 =         
y\rselves an ev]la/+ treasure 9 heav54  
%\t$ he1 br+ ?is mis]y to an end1 &     
suff] ! wret*$ m5 to rema9 no long]     
among/ y4 ,hunt ! wolves f ! l&1 to !   
glory ( ,god & ! rage ( ! devil4 ,!n w  
peace & bless+ return1 & great joy 9    
heav5 ) ,god1 & on e>? ) ^? :o he>tily  
s]ve ,him & ,8 sa9ts4 ,am54 ,h>dly _h he
 utt]$ ! la/ ^w ?an he disappe>$ ?r\gh a
 side door & 0 no m se54 ,z = u1 we     
pass$ quietly ?r\gh ! />+ & ?reat5+ mob4
 ,no h& 0 rais$ aga9/ u at t mom5t1 b   
dang] lay ab\t u on e side1 & x 0 no    
pleasure to recognise ! fact t ! sword (
 ,damokles always hung by a hair ov] our
 head4 ,feel+ v uneasy at our insecure  
condition1 ,i 0 s5t1 on ! "p ( ! re/1 to

 ! au?orities ( ! canton1 especially to 
,abbe ,gir>d1#acg & ! mayor1 ,edu>d     
,pfyff]1 to beg t !y w\ld provide = our 
safety ) all ! means 9 _! p[]4 ,on my   
way ,i 0 recognis$ by a prie/ = "o ( !  
newly-introduc$ h]etics z ,i re/$ a     
mom5t 9 an inn4 ,! p !re began to talk  
freely ab\t me1 & to ca/ looks ( hatr$ &
 contempt at me4 ,at la/1 ! prie/ wax+  
bold] & bold]1 accus$ me al\d (         
abom9able h]esy4 ,i arose sl[ly1 cross$ 
) a firm /ep ov] to ! black-frock$ "o1 &
 ask$ him1 ,d y "k1 sir1 :o ,jesus ,*ri/
 01 & d y hold ,him 9 any p>ticul>      
e/eem8 ,q nonpluss$ by my firm & quiet  
address he /amm]$ out1 ,c]ta9ly1 ,he is 
,god ! ,son1 & we mu/ all hon\r ,him &  
believe on ,him1 if we are to escape    
ev]la/+ damnation4 ,i cont9u$1 ,!n      
p]haps y c tell me :e!r ,*ri/ 0 a       
,ca?olic or a ,prote/ant8  ,!           
black-frock 0 sil5c$1 ! cr[d />$1 &     
pres5tly began to applaud4 ,! prie/ made
 (f1 & ,i 0 left 9 peace4 ,my "q _h     
answ]$ bett] ?an a long spee*4  ,9      

,edu>d ,pfyff] ,i f\nd an e/imable /]l+ 
man ( humane & firm "*4 ,he />t$ f !    
fundam5tal pr9ciple t x 0 ( little use  
free+ ! p f ?is or t special sup]/ition1
 b t we %\ld d bett] by work+ = ! future
 aga9/ slo? ( ?\ght & want ( indep5d5t  
m5tal "* f ! v bottom--namely1 by       
educat+ our "y p4 ,!re=e1 he set great  
/ore by our und]tak+4 ,& :5 ,i told him 
( our d[nca/ spirits & ! absolute dang] 
9 :i* we liv$ at ! mom5t1 he            
repli$3--,!re is only "o way to ensure  
y\r safety4 ,y mu/ w9 ov] ! p4 ,"w on a 
little long]1 & !n invite !m all f f> & 
ne> to a public exam9ation4 ,if ?is te/ 
w9s ov] ! cr[d to y\r side1 !n1 & only  
!n1 are y out ( h>m's rea*4 ,i w5t home1
 & we foll[$ ?is c\nsel4 ,! exam9ation 0
 held on a lovely day 9 autumn4 ,a great
 cr[d f sev]al cantons flock$ toge!r1 & 
!re appe>$ delegates f ! au?orities (   
,zu]i*1 ( ,b]n1 & o!r cantons4 ,our     
conte/ ) ! cl]ical p>ty1 :i* _h be5     
comm5t$ ^u 9 mo/ ( ! ,swiss j\rnals1 _h 
drawn all eyes ^u u4 ,we scor$ a great  

victory ) our exam9ation4 ,! *ildr5     
develop$ s mu* en?usiasm1 & answ]$ s    
readily1 t all 7 agreeably surpris$1 &  
rew>d$ u ) l\d applause4 ,f sev5 9 !    
morn+ till sev5 9 ! ev5+ la/$ ?is       
exam9ation1 clos+ ) games & gymna/ic    
ex]cises p]=m$ by ! :ole s*ool4 ,we     
rejoic$ )9 ourselves2 = our und]tak+    
might n[ be reg>d$ z fairly float$4 ,!  
in/itution 0 spok5 ( 9 ! great ,c\ncil (
 ! ,canton1 & mo/ gl[+ spee*es 7 deliv]$
 9 our fav\r by ,h]r ,pfyff]1 ,h]r      
,amrhyn1 & o!rs4 ,! ,c\ncil decid$ t !  
ca/le & its outbuild+s %\ld be let to u 
at a v *eap rate1 & t ! ,capu*9 :o _h   
op5ly incit$ to riot aga9/ u %\ld be    
expell$ f ! canton4  ,a little "t aft]  
?is exam9ation a deputation f ,b]n came 
to invite ,froebel to und]take !        
organisation ( an ,orphanage at         
,burgdorf4 ,froebel sugge/$ t he %\ld n 
be re/rict$ to tea* orphans alone 9 !   
new e/abli%m5t2 8 reque/ 0 grant$1 & he 
!n accept$ ! invitation4  ,) ?is1 x     
seem$ to me1 my mission 9 ,switz]l& 0 at

 an end1 & ,i began to long to return to
 ,keilhau2 my elde/ son 0 n[ a ye> old1 
& ,i _h nev] yet se5 him4 ,midd5dorff   
left 8 family1 & replac$ me at          
,willisau1 liv+ !re = f\r ye>s f> away f
 wife & *ild4#ach ,at ,keilhau ,i f\nd  
?+s _h improv$1 & ! numb]s _h increas$  
mo/ *e]+ly4 ,i det]m9$ to ?r[ all my    
/r5g? into ! "w ( rais+ ! "m in/itution 
f h] sl\gh ( debt4 ,i began by a piece (
 hon\rable sw9dl+3 & borr[$ ( ,pet] to  
pay ,paul1 cov]+ "o debt ) ano!r1 b at !
 same "t mak+ x appe> t we 7 pay+ our   
way4 ,9 ?is fa%ion our damag$ cr$it 0   
re/or$1 & z ! receipts grew happily     
great] & great]1 ,i began to ga9 gr\nd4 
,ev5tually ,i 0 able to s5d help to !   
o!r bran*es ( our community1 to increase
 my help z "t w5t on1 & to prep>e a     
place ( refuge = !m if any?+ w5t wrong  
else:]e4  ,9 ,switz]l& our ent]prise did
 n develop z rapidly z we desir$1 9     
spite ( ! sanction ( ! ,c\ncil ( !      
,canton4 ,! in/itution at ,willisau ga9$
 unlimit$ confid5ce !re2 b ! malevol5t  

opposition ( ! cl]ical p>ty secretly    
fl\ri%$ z be=e1 & succe$$ 9 depriv+ x ( 
all aid f m di/ant places4 ,"u ^!       
circum/ances we c\ld n atta9 t prosp]ity
 :i* s mu* activity & self-sacrific+ "w 
on ! "p ( our circle mu/ o!rwise        
infallibly h br\ght4  ,f]d9& ,froebel & 
,midd5dorff rema9$ 9 ,willisau4 ,froebel
 & 8 wife w5t to ,burgdorf1 to f\nd &   
direct ! propos$ ,orphanage4#aci ,9 8   
capacity z ,director1 ,froebel _h to    
give :at 0 call$ a ,repetitive ,c\rse to
 ! tea*]s4 ,9 t ,canton1 namely1 !re 0  
an excell5t regulation :i* gave ?ree    
mon?s' leave to ! tea*]s once 9 e two   
ye>s4#adj ,dur+ ?is leave !y assembl$ at
 ,burgdorf1 mutually communicat$ _!     
exp]i5ces1 & enri*$ _! culture ) v>i\s  
/udies4 ,froebel _h to preside ov] !    
debates & to conduct ! /udies1 :i* 7    
pursu$ 9 common4 ,8 own obs]vations & ! 
rem>ks ( ! tea*]s br\ght him anew to !  
conviction t all s*ool education 0 z yet
 )\t a prop] f\ndation1 &1 !re=e1 t     
until ! education ( ! nurs]y 0 re=m$    

no?+ solid & wor?y c\ld be atta9$4 ,!   
necessity ( tra9+ gift$ capable mo!rs   
occupi$ 8 s\l1 & ! importance ( !       
education ( *ildhood's e>lie/ ye>s      
became m evid5t to him ?an ev]4 ,he     
det]m9$ to set =? fully 8 ideas on      
education1 :i* ! tyranny ( a ?\s& oppos+
 circum/ances _h always prev5t$ him f   
work+ out 9 _! complet5ess2 or at all   
ev5ts to d ?is z reg>ds ! e>lie/ ye>s ( 
man1 & !n to w9 ov] ! _w ( wom5 to !    
actual accompli%m5t ( 8 plans4          
,pe/alozzi's ,mo!rs' ,book 7,bu* d]     
,muett]7 ,froebel w\ld replace by a     
complete !oretical & practical sy/em = !
 use ( wom5 9 g5]al4 ,an ext]nal        
circum/ance sup]v5$ at ?is po9t to urge 
him onw>ds4 ,8 wife grew al>m+ly ill1 & 
! physicians prescrib$ complete abs5ce f
 ! %>p ,swiss m\nta9 air4 ,froebel ask$ 
to be p]mitt$ to resign 8 po/1 t he     
might retire to ,b]l94 ,! ,willisau     
,in/itution1 al?\gh outw>dly fl\ri%+1 0 
limit$ m & m n>r[ly by ! bigotry ( !    
prie/s1 & mu/ evid5tly n[ be soon giv5  

up1 s9ce ! ,gov]nm5t _h pass$ into ! h&s
 ( ! ,jesuit p>ty4 ,lange?al & ,f]d9&   
,froebel 7 nom9at$ ,directors (         
,burgdorf4#ada ,midd5dorff rejo9$ 8     
family at ,keilhau4 ,lat] on1 ,lange?al 
split (f f ! community & accept$ !      
direction ( a girls' s*ool 9 ,b]n 7t    
s*ool :i*1 aft] ,lange?al1 ! well-kn[n  
,froehli* conduct$72 b ,froebel nev]    
=gave him ?is /ep4 ,f]d9& ,froebel      
rema9$1 till 8 sudd5 & e>ly dea?1       
,director ( ! ,orphanage at ,burgdorf4  
,a public fun]al1 su* z has nev] f\nd   
its equal at ,burgdorf1 bore witness to 
! am\nt ( 8 great lab\rs1 & to ! g5]al  
appreciation ( _! value4  ,:5 ,fri$ri*  
,froebel came back f ,b]l91 ! idea ( an 
in/itution = ! education ( little *ildr5
 _h fully tak5 %ape 9 8 m9d4 ,i took    
rooms = him 9 ! neighb\r+               
,blank5burg4#adb ,long did he rack 8    
bra9s = a suitable "n = 8 new s*eme4    
,midd5dorff & ,i 7 "o day walk+ to      
,blank5burg ) him ov] ! ,/eig] ,pass4   
,he kept on repeat+1 ,oh1 if ,i c\ld    

only ?9k ( a suitable "n = my y\nge/    
born6 ,blank5burg lay at our feet1 & he 
walk$ moodily t[>ds x4 ,sudd5ly he /ood 
/ill z if fett]$ fa/ to ! spot1 & 8 eyes
 assum$ a wond]ful1 almo/ refulg5t1     
brilliancy4 ,!n he %\t$ to ! m\nta9s s t
 x e*o$ to ! f\r w9ds ( heav51 ,eureka6 
,i h x6 ,,k9d]g>t5 %all be ! "n ( ! new 
,in/itution6      ,?us wrote ,b>op 9 or 
ab\t ! ye> #ahfb1 aft] he _h se5 all 8  
fri5ds pass away1 & _h himself become   
prosp]\s & ! recipi5t ( _m hon\rs4 ,!   
,univ]sity ( ,j5a made him a doctor1 & !
 ,pr9ce ( ,rudol/adt creat$ him 8 ,m9i/]
 ( ,education4 ,froebel slept 9         
,lieb5/e91 & ,midd5dorff at ! foot ( !  
,kirs*b]g 9 ,keilhau4 ,!y s[$ & reap$ n2
 & yet to possess ! privilege ( s[+1 0 x
 n equival5t 9 itself to reap+ a v great
 rew>d8 ,9 any ev5t1 x is delightful to 
rememb] t ,froebel1 9 ! ,april ( #aheb1 
! ye> 9 :i* he di$ 7,june #ba/71 receiv$
 public hon\rs at ! h&s ( ! g5]al       
congress ( tea*]s held 9 ,go?a4 ,:5 he  
appe>$ t l>ge assembly rose to greet him

 z "o man2 & ,midd5dorff1 too1 :o 0     
insep>able f ,froebel1 s t :5 "o appe>$ 
! o!r 0 n f> (f1 _h be=e 8 dea? 79      
#ahec7 ! joy ( he>+ a simil> congress at
 ,salzung5 decl>e ! sy/em ( ,froebel to 
be ( _w-wide importance1 & to m]it on t 
acc\nt _! especial consid]ation & _! mo/
 e>ne/ exam9ation4  ,a few words on     
,midd5dorff1 cull$ f ,lange's acc\nt1   
may be s]viceable4 ,midd5dorff 0 to     
,froebel z ,a>on 0 to ,moses4 ,froebel1 
9 tru?1 0 sl[ ( spee* & ( a sl[ tongue  
7,exod4 iv4 #aj71 & ,midd5dorff 0 8     
spokesman unto ! p 7v4 #af74 ,x 0 !     
latt]'s cle>ness & read9ess ( spee* :i* 
won adh]5ts = ,froebel among/ p :o nei!r
 knew him nor c\ld und]/& him4 ,9 #ahdi 
,midd5dorff _h imm5se success 9         
,hamburg2 b :5 ,froebel came1 lat] on1  
to occupy ! gr\nd ?us conqu]$ be=eh&1 he
 _h to cont5d aga9/ mu* opposition1 = e 
"o miss$ ! easy eloqu5ce ( ,midd5dorff1 
:i* _h be5 s conv9c+4 ,dr4 ,wi*>d ,lange
 came to "k ,froebel :5 ! latt] visit$  
,hamburg 9 ! w9t] ( #ahdi-ej4 ,at ?is "t

 he sp5t almo/ e aft]noon & ev5+ ) him1 
& held ! po/ ( editor ( ,froebel's      
,weekly ,j\rnal4 ,ev5 aft] ?is close    
association ) ,froebel1 he f\nd himself 
unable ?or\ghly to g ) ! s*emes = !     
education ( little *ildr51 ! ,k9d]g>t51 
& ) ^? = ! tra9+ ( ,k9d]g>t5 tea*]s4    
,nev] m9d6 said ,froebel1 out ( hum\r1  
:5 ,lange told him ?is2 if y _c come ov]
 to my views n[1 y w d s 9 t5 ye>s' "t2 
b soon] or lat]1 come y mu/6 ,dr4 ,lange
 nobly fulfill$ ! prophecy1 & ! edition 
( ,froebel's collect$ works 7,b]l9      
#ahfb71 f :i* we d]ive ! pres5t text 7& 
mu* ( ! notes71 0 8 gift ( rep5tance to 
appease ! wra? ( ! ,manes ( 8 dep>t$    
fri5d & ma/]4 ,nor 0 he cont5t ) ?is2 b 
by 8 frequ5t communications to ,!       
,educational ,j\rnal 7,die ,rhe9is*5    
,blaett]71 orig9ally f\nd$ by ,die/]weg1
 & by ! ,froebelian _s :i* he 0 able to 
infuse into ! l>ge boys'-s*ool :i* he   
long conduct$ at ,hamburg1 he work$ = ! 
new education s p[]fully & s unwe>i$ly t
 he mu/ be always ?ankfully reg>d$ z "o 

( ! pr9cipal adh]5ts ( ! great tea*]4 ,8
 connection ) ! ,froebel community 0    
fur!r /r5g!n$ by a mo/ happy m>riage ) !
 daught] ( ,midd5dorff4  #a ,johann     
,jacob ,froebel1 fa!r ( ,fri$ri*1       
belong$ to ! ,old ,lu!ran ,prote/ant    
,*ur*4  #b ,^! 7 f\r 7#a7 ,augu/1 :o w5t
 into bus9ess1 & di$ "y4 7#b7 ,*ri/oph1 
a cl]gyman 9 ,grie%eim1 :o di$ 9 #ahac (
 ! typhus1 :i* !n ov]spread all c5tral  
,g]many1 hav+ brok5 out 9 ! ov]-cr[d$   
hospitals aft] ! battle ( ,leipzig2 he 0
 ! fa!r ( ,julius1 ,k>l1 & ,!odor1 ! wi%
 to b5efit :om l$ _! uncle ,fri$ri* to  
beg9 8 educational "w 9 ,grie%eim 9     
#ahaf4 7#c7 ,*ri/ian ,ludwig1 fir/ a    
manufactur] 9 ,o/]ode1 & !n associat$ ) 
,fri$ri* f #ahbj onw>ds1--born #bd?     
,june1 #aggj1 di$ #i? ,janu>y1 #ahea4   
7#d7 ,traugott1 :o /udi$ m$ic9e at ,j5a1
 became a m$ical man1 & 0 burgoma/] (   
,/adt-,ilm4 ,fri$ri* ,augu/ ,wilhelm    
himself 0 born on ! #ba/ ,april1 #aghb1 
& di$ on ! #ba/ ,june1 #aheb4 ,he _h no 
si/]s4  #c ,k>l ,poppo ,froebel1 :o     

became a tea*]1 & f9ally a              
publi%]1--born #aghf2 di$ #be? ,m>*1    
#ahbd3 n to be conf\nd$ ) 8 nephew1     
,k>l1 son ( ,*ri/oph1 n[ liv+ 9         
,ed9burgh4  #d ,?is ne$s explanation4 ,9
 ,g]many1 ev5 by /rang]s1 *ildr5 are    
univ]sally address$ 9 ! second p]son    
s+ul>1 :i* c>ries ) x a c]ta9 c>ess+    
s5tim5t4 ,gr[n p]sons w\ld be address$  
7except by memb]s ( _! own family1 or   
intimate fri5ds7 9 ! ?ird p]son plural4 
,?us1 if "o met a *ild 9 ! /reet1 "o    
might say1 ,will/ ,du mit mir komm58    
7,wilt ?\ come ) me872 :]eas to a gr[n  
p]son ! prop] =m w\ld be1 ,woll5 ,sie   
mit mir komm58 7,w ,,!y--mean+1 w       
,,y--come ) me874 ,! mode ( spee* ( :i* 
,froebel speaks "h is n[ almo/ obsolete1
 & ev5 9 8 day 0 only us$ to a p]son (  
m>k$ly inf]ior position4 ,our s5t5ce    
w\ld run 9 ?is case1 ,w ,er mit mir     
komm58 7,w ,,he--mean+1 w ,,y1 ,john or 
,?omas--come ) me871 & c>ries ) x a sort
 ( contemptu\s sup]cili\sness1 z if !   
p]son spok5 to 7 b5ea? ! dignity ( a    

direct address4 ,x is evid5t1 !re=e1 t  
to a s5sitive1 self-tortur+ *ild l      
,froebel1 be+ address$ 9 ?is mann] w\ld 
cause ! ke5e/ pa92 s9ce1 z he ju/ly     
says1 x has ! effect1 by ! m]e =m (     
spee*1 ( isolat+ ! p]son address$4 ,su* 
a "o is n to be consid]$ z ( our family1
 or ev5 ( our rank 9 life4  #e ,!       
,cantor w\ld comb9e ! duties ( prec5tor 
7:5ce 8 title71 lead+ ! *ur* s++ & tra9+
 ! *ori/]s1 ) ^? ( ! s*oolma/] ( !      
village boys' s*ool4 ,9 l>ge *ur*-s*ools
 ! ,cantor is simply ! *oir-ma/]4 ,!    
great ,ba* 0 ,cantor ( ! ,?omas-,s*ule1 
,leipzig4  #f ,x w be rememb]$ t ?is    
lett] is address$ to ! ,duke ( ,me9+54  
#g ,arise1 my he>t & _s1 & ,x co/s "o   
mu* 7x is a difficult task7 to be a     
,*ri/ian4  #h ,*ri/oph ,froebel is "h   
meant4 ,he /udi$ at ! ,univ]sity ( ,j5a4
  #i ,9 ?is case ,froebel's usually     
accurate judgm5t ( 8 own "* seems at    
fault2 8 op9ions be+ always mo/ decid$1 
ev5 to ! po9t ( sometimes r5d]+ him     
incapable ( fairly appreciat+ ! views ( 

o!rs4  #aj ,froebel is allud+ to 8      
und]tak+ ! education ( 8 bro!r          
,*ri/oph's sons1 9 ,novemb] #ahaf1 :5 he
 f9ally decid$ to devote 8 life to !    
cause ( education4  #aa ,at ! "t        
,froebel 0 writ+ ?is autobiographical   
lett] 7#ahbg71 & seek+ !reby to enli/ ! 
,duke ( ,me9+5's sympa?ies 9 8 "w1 9    
ord] to f\nd a fre% in/itution at       
,helba1 he 0 und]go+ :at 0 almo/ a      
p]secution at ,keilhau4 ,all            
associations ( progressive m5 7 fr[n$ ^u
 z politically dang]\s1 & ,keilhau1     
among/ ! re/1 0 held 9 suspicion4       
,some:at ( ?is is se5 9 ! int]e/+ acc\nt
 by ,b>op fur!r on 7,critical ,mom5ts at
 ,keilhau74  #ab ,h]r ,h(fmann1 a       
cl]gyman1 repres5t+ ! ,/ate 9 ,*ur*     
matt] = ! di/rict ( ,/adt-,ilm2 a po/   
some:at analog\s to t ( our ar*deacon4  
#ac ,equal to an ,engli% middle-class   
s*ool4  #ad ,! ,ilm1 fl[+ ?r\gh ,?ur+ia 
into ! ,saale1 a tribut>y ( ! ,elbe4    
,ob]weissba* is ^u ! ,s*w>za1 also fl[+ 
into ! ,saale4 ,weim> /&s ^u ! ,ilm1    

,j5a ^u ! ,saale4  #ae ,sup]9t5d5ts4 ,! 
ephors ( anci5t ,sp>ta among/ _! duties 
_h t ( ! sup]9t5d5ce ( education1 :5ce !
 ,g]man title4  #af ,?is /ory is n n[   
popul>1 b its nature is suffici5tly     
indicat$ 9 ! text4  #ag ,*ri/oph &      
,traugott4  #ah ,9 ,g]many a ,=/mann1 or
 =e/]1 if he has /udi$ =e/ cultivation 9
 a ,s*ool ( ,=e/ry1 rises ev5tually to !
 position ( sup]visor ( =e/s            
7,=/-mei/]74 ,! =e/] :o does n /udy     
rema9s 9 ! inf]ior position4  #ai ,9 !  
,g]man ,/ate =e/s1 ! timb]1 :5 cut d[n1 
is frequ5tly n transport$ by road1 b is 
made to slide d[n ! m\nta9-sides by     
timb]-%oots into ! /reams or riv]s2 x is
 !n made up into rafts1 & s float$ d[n  
to its de/9ation4  #bj ,jussieu's       
natural sy/em ( botany may possibly be  
"h allud$ to4 ,! celebrat$ ,g5]a        
,plant>um appe>$ 9 #agih1 & ,froebel 0  
at ,j5a 9 #agii4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,a4,j4,g4
 ,bats*1 ,froebel's tea*]1 pr(essor at !
 univ]sity s9ce #aghi1 _h publi%$ 9     
#aghg-h 8 ,anleitung zur ,k5tniss und   

,ges*i*te d] ,pflanz51 #b vols4 ,we h n 
se5 ?is "w4 ,bats* also publi%$ an      
,introduction to ! ,/udy ( ,natural     
,hi/ory1 :i* rea*$ a second edition 9   
#ahje4  #ba ,9 ju/ice to ,froebel & 8   
tea*]1 x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! !ory (     
evolution 0 n z yet =m$1 & t ^? :o dimly
 s\ght aft] "s explanation ( ! uni=mity 
( ! v]tebrate plan1 :i* !y obs]v$1 7 b  
all too likely to be l$ a/ray4  #bb ,!  
text 7,lange1 ,b]l91 #ahfb7 says me95   
aelte/5 ,brud]1 t is1 ( my elde/ bro!r2 
b ?is is q an error1 :e!r ( ,froebel or 
( ,h]r ,lange we _c at pres5t say4 ,z we
 h already said 9 a footnote on p4 #c1  
,augu/ 0 ! elde/ bro!r ( ,fri$ri*1 &    
,*ri/oph 0 ! elde/ !n liv+4 ,traugott1  
:o 0 at ,j5a ) ,fri$ri*1 0 8 next old]  
bro!r1 y\nge/ ( ! fir/ family1 except   
only ,fri$ri* himself4 ,x is ,traugott  
:o is meant 9 ?is passage4  #bc ,9 c>c]2
 t is1 9 ! prison ( ! univ]sity1 :]e 9 !
 la/ resort /ud5ts :o fail to comply )  
univ]sity regulations are conf9$4 ,!    
c>c] /ill exi/s 9 ,g]man univ]sities4 ,x

 has ( c\rse no?+ to d ) ! ord9>y prison
 ( ! t[n4  #bd ,! ,pr9ce-,bi%op (       
,bamb]g %>$ 9 ! g5]al ,napoleonic       
e>?quake4 ,! doma9 ( ! bi%opric w5t to  
,bav>ia ultimately1 ! title alone rema9+
 to ! ,*ur*4  #be ,%>$ ! fate ( !       
,bamb]g possessions1 & ( _m o!r         
pr9cipalities & small doma9s at t "t    
exi/5t2 namely1 absorption "u !         
,napoleonic regime into ! neighb\r+     
,/ates4 ,?is w5t to ,bav>ia2 see ! text1
 lat] on4  #bf ,bruno1 or ! ,ov]-,s\l4  
#bg ,g5]al ,intellig5c] ( ! ,g]man p4   
#bh ,upp] ,palat9ate1 a prov9ce 9 ! nor?
 ( ,bav>ia4  #bi ,h]r ,von ,dewitz1 8   
employ]4  #cj ,! ,pa$agogium 9 ,halle   
answ]$ some:at to our gramm> s*ools ) a 
mixture ( bo>d]s & day-s*ol>s4 ,x 0     
f\nd$ by ,francke 9 #agab1 aft] ! ideas 
( ! fam\s ,bas$[1 & 0 end[$ by means ( a
 public subscription4  #ca ,^! 7 two    
pamphlets by ! fam\s patriot & poet     
,ern/ ,moritz ,arndt 7#agfi-ahfj71      
publi%$ 9 #ahje4  #cb ,t is1 ,froebel   
realis$ ! di/9ction ( ! subject-_w f !  

object-_w4  #cc ,t is1 he sign$ ,wilhelm
 ,froebel in/ead ( ,fri$ri* ,froebel1 = 
a "t4 ,x _c h be5 = long1 h[ev]4  #cd ,!
 "y man m5tion$ on page #ci4  #ce ,!    
pretty di/rict bord]+ ! riv] ,uck]1 9   
pleas+ contra/ ) ! s&y pla9s (          
,br&5burg2 x lies at no great di/ance f 
,b]l91 s t x =ms ! fav\rite goal = a    
%ort excursion ) ! p ( t arid city4  #cf
 ,:i!r ,lu!r fl$ = refuge aft] ! ,diet (
 ,worms 9 #aeba2 & :]e1 protect$ by !   
,elector ( ,saxony1 he lay conceal$ = a 
ye>4 ,dur+ ?is ye> he translat$ !       
,bible4  #cg ,held all ov] ,prote/ant   
,g]many 9 #ahag4  #ch ,our *ildr5 /ill 9
 l mann] say _! cate*ism at aft]noon    
*ur* 9 old-fa%ion$ c\ntry places4  #ci  
,?is s*ool1 /ill 9 exi/5ce up to #ahfe &
 lat]1 b n[ no long] 9 be+1 _h be5 f\nd$
 "u ,grun]1 a pupil ( ,pe/alozzi1 to    
embody & c>ry out ! educational         
pr9ciples ( ! latt]4  #dj ,!re is a     
small] t[n call$ ,frankfurt1 on ! ,od]4 
,am ,ma91 or ,an d] ,od]1 is1 !re=e1    
add$ to ! great] or ! small] ,frankfurt 

respectively1 = di/9ction's sake4  #da  
,he nev] does1 = ?is int]e/+ record     
rema9s a fragm5t4  #db ,situate at !    
head ( ! lake ( ,neu*atel1 b 9 ! canton 
( ,vaud1 9 ,switz]l&4  #dc ,au/ria 0 n !
 only c\ntry alive to ! importance ( ?is
 new tea*+4 ,prussia & ,holl& also s5t  
commission]s to /udy ,pe/alozzi's sy/em1
 & s did _m o!r small] /ates4 ,! ,cz>   
7,alex&] ,i47 s5t = ,pe/alozzi to a     
p]sonal int]view at ,basel4  #dd ,w&]nde
 ,class54 ,"s ( our lat] ,engli% s*ools 
h adopt$ a simil> plan4  #de ,"o (      
,pe/alozzi's tea*]s1 to :om especially 0
 confid$ ! arrangem5t ( ! ari?metical   
/udies4  #df ,by positive in/ruction    
,froebel means le>n+ by he>t1 or by be+ 
told results2 z di/+ui%$ f actual       
education or developm5t ( ! faculties1 &
 ! work+ out ( results by pupils =      
!mselves4  #dg ,?is mu/ mean ! sy/em    
inv5t$ by ,r\sseau1 a mod]n developm5t (
 :i* is ! ,*eve sy/em n[ widely us$ on !
 ,cont95t4 ,9 ,engl& ! tonic-sol-fa     
notation1 :i* uses syllables in/ead (   

figures1 b :i* re/s fundam5tally on !   
same pr9ciples1 is mu* m famili>4  #dh  
,geht und s*aut1 es geht ungehu]        
7ungeheu]74  #di ,! mis]able qu>rels    
betwe5 ,ni$]] & ,s*mid1 :i* s di/ress$ !
 lat] ye>s ( ,pe/alozzi1 are "h ref]r$  
to4  #ej ,a ,consi/orium 9 ,g]many is a 
sort ( cl]ical c\ncil or convocation1   
made up ( ! :ole ( ! ,e/abli%$ cl]gy ( a
 prov9ce1 & sup]vis+ ,*ur* & s*ool      
matt]s ?r\gh\t t prov9ce1 "u ! control (
 ! ,m9i/ry ( ,religion & ,education4 ,no
 educator c\ld e/abli% a s*ool or take a
 po/ 9 a s*ool )\t ! approval ( ?is     
body4  #ea ,t is1 ! education ( o!r m9ds
 ?an 8 own2 some?+ beyond m]e           
s*ool-tea*+4  #eb ,e9]tabelle2 tables or
 =mulas ext5d+ to units only2 a sy/em   
embodi$ to a l>ge ext5t 9 ,sonn5s*e9's  
,,abc ( ,ari?metic1 = tea*+ j ! fir/    
elem5ts ( ! art4  #ec ,l o!r matt]s1    
?is1 too1 has be5 left undone1 z f> z ! 
pres5t 7unf9i%$7 lett] is conc]n$4  #ed 
,erdkunde4  #ee ,re*t s*reib54  #ef     
,re*t spre*54  #eg ,"o ( ,arndt's       

pamphlets1 !n q new4  #eh #ahbg4  #ei   
,he w\ld h refus$ to c\nt5ance          
,froebel's ?r[+ up 8 engagem5t4  #fj    
,georg ,fri$ri* ,sell] 7#agcc-ahjg71 a  
,bav>ian by bir?1 became a highly-e/eem$
 cl]gyman 9 ,coburg4 ,he wrote on       
religi\s & moral subjects1 & ^? among/ !
 li/ ( 8 works1 ! mo/ likely to be      
allud$ to by ,froebel1 are ,a ,bible =  
,tea*]s1 ,me?ods ( ,religi\s ,tea*+ =   
,s*ools1 ,religi\s ,culture = ! ,"y1    
etc4  #fa ,jean ,paul ,fri$ri* ,ri*t]   
7#agfc-ahbe74 ,no d\bt ! celebrat$      
,levana1 ,ri*t]'s educational ma/]piece1
 :i* 0 publi%$ 9 ?is same ye>1 #ahjg1 is
 "h allud$ to4  #fb #ahjh4  #fc ,?is is 
9 #ahbg4 ,b ! expression ( 8 ?\ght      
rema9$ a difficult matt] ) ,froebel to !
 end ( 8 life1 a drawback to :i* _m ( 8 
fri5ds h borne witness2 = in/ance1      
,madame von ,m>5holtz-,buel[4  #fd      
,probably done ) ! po9t ( a knitt+      
ne$le1 etc4 ,! design is !n visible on !
 o!r side ( ! pap] 9 an emboss$ =m4  #fe
 ,?is acc\nt is dat$ #ahbg1 x is always 

necess>y to rememb]4  #ff ,aft] all1 !  
"w 0 left to ,froebel himself to d4 ,^! 
words 7 writt5 9 #ahbg4 ,! ,m5s*5       
,erziehung ( ,froebel 7,education (     
,man71 :i* appe>$ ! ye> be=e1 _h also   
t\*$ ^u ! subject4 ,x 0 fur!r develop$ 9
 8 ,mutt] und ,koseli$] 7,"m's ,songs & 
,games71 9 :i* 8 fir/ wife assi/$ him4  
,t appe>$ 9 #ahch4 ,9 ! same ye> 0 also 
f\nd$ ! ,sonntags-,blatt 7,sunday       
,j\rnal71 to :i* _m essays & articles on
 ?is subject 7 contribut$ by ,froebel4  
,! ?ird volume 7,pa$agogik7 ( ,dr4      
,wi*>d ,lange's complete edition (      
,froebel's works is l>gely made up ( ^! 
,sonntags-,blatt articles4 ,! :ole      
,k9d]g>t5 sy/em re/s ma9ly on ?is high] 
view ( *ildr5's play4  #fg ,a report t  
,froebel drew up = ! ,pr9cess ,reg5t (  
,rudol/adt 9 #ahji1 giv+ a volum9\s     
acc\nt ( ! !ory & practice pursu$ at    
,yv]don 7,wi*>d's ,froebel1 vol4 i41 p4 
#aed74  #fh ,! ca/le ( ,yv]don1 an old  
feudal /ronghold1 :i* ,pe/alozzi _h     
receiv$ f ! municipality ( t t[n 9      

#ahjd1 to enable him to e/abli% a s*ool 
& "w out 8 educational sy/em !re4  #fi  
,froebel desir$ to see 9 ,rudol/adt1 or 
else:]e 9 ,?ur+ia 78 native l&71 an     
in/itution l t ( ,pe/alozzi at ,yv]don2 
& he s\ght to int]e/ ! ,pr9cess ,reg5t (
 ,rudol/adt by ! full acc\nt ( ,yv]don  
already m5tion$4  #gj ,?is w\ld sc>cely 
seem probable to ^? :o admire & love    
,pe/alozzi4 ,b we mu/ rememb] t religi\s
 tea*+ appeals s intimately to          
individual sympa?ies t x is q possible t
 :at 0 ( vital s]vice to _m o!rs 0 n ( s
 mu* use to ,froebel1 :o 01 z he frankly
 admits1 out ( h>mony on _m po9ts ) 8   
noble-he>t$ tea*]4  #ga ,t ! boys'      
*>act]s 7 imm]s$ 9 an elem5t ( /r5g!n+ &
 develop+ games z ! body is imm]s$ 9 !  
wat] ( a /r5g!n+ ba?1 seems to be       
,froebel's idea4  #gb ,sanskrit is "h   
probably meant4  #gc ,hebrew & ,arabic4 
#gd ,! comet ( #ahaa1 "o ( ! mo/        
brilliant ( ! pres5t c5tury1 0 an equal 
surprise to ! mo/ skill$ a/ronom]s z to 
,froebel4 ,obs]vations ( its pa? h l$ to

 a belief t x has a p]iod ( #cjj ye>s2 s
 t x 0 possibly se5 by our ance/ors 9   
#aeaa1 & may be se5 by our remote       
desc5dants 9 #baaa4 ,! appe>ance ( ?is  
comet 0 syn*ron\s ) an unusually f9e    
v9tage h>ve/1 & w9e ( ! great ,comet ye>
 0 long held 9 great e/eem4  #ge        
,geognosie4  #gf ,! ,plamann ,s*ool1 an 
in/itution ( consid]able m]it4 ,plamann 
0 a pupil ( ,pe/alozzi4 ,"o ( ! pres5t  
writ]s /udi$ cry/allography lat] on ) a 
pr(essor :o _h be5 a colleague (        
,froebel's 9 ?is same s*ool1 & :o       
himself 0 also a pupil ( ,pe/alozzi4    
#gg ,froebel is "h symbolically express+
 ! long+ :i* p]vad$ all noble spirits at
 t "t = a free & unit$ ,g]many1 = a     
great ,fa!rl&4 ,! t5d] "m's love 0      
symbolis$ by ! ties ( home 7,mo!rl&71 b 
! fa!r's /r5g? & p[] 7,fa!rl&7 0 only !n
 to be f\nd 9 ,g]man national life 9 !  
"o or two l>ge /ates l ,prussia1 etc4 ,x
 ne$$ long ye>s & ! t]m9ation ( ?is     
p]iod ( prep>ation by two great w>s1 ^? 
( #ahff & ( #ahgj1 to b9d ! :ole p      

toge!r1 & make ,g]many no long] a       
geographical expression b a mighty      
nation4  #gh ,9 ! beg9n+ ( ?is great    
conte/ x 0 ,prussia :o decl>$ w> aga9/ !
 common enemy & oppressor1 ,napoleon4 ,!
 o!r ,g]man p[]s1 = ! mo/ "p1 held alo(4
  #gi ,! ,b>on von ,luetz[ =m$ 8 fam\s  
volunte] corps 9 ,m>* #ahac4 ,8         
in/ructions 7 to h>ass ! enemy by       
con/ant skirmi%es1 & to enc\rage !      
small] ,g]man /ates to rise aga9/ !     
tyrant ,napoleon4 ,! corps became       
celebrat$ = swift1 da%+ exploits 9 small
 bodies4 ,froebel seems to h be5 ) ! ma9
 body1 & to h se5 little ( ! m active   
do+s ( 8 regim5t4 ,_! fav\rite title 0  
,luetz['s ,wilde ,v]weg5e ,s*a>         
7,luetz['s ,wild ,bold ,troop74 ,among/ 
! volunte]s 7 _m di/+ui%$ m52 = in/ance1
 ! poet ,ko]n]1 ^: volume ( w> poetry1  
mu* ( x writt5 dur+ ! campaign1 is /ill 
a great fav\rite4 ,"o ( ! poems1        
,luetz['s ,wilde ,jagd 7,luetz['s ,wild 
,*ase71 is ( _w-wide fame ?r\gh !       
musical sett+ ( ! great compos] ,web]4  

,9 ,june #ahac came ! armi/ice ( :i*    
,froebel pres5tly speaks4 ,dur+ ! fre%  
outbreak ( w> aft] ! armi/ice ! corps 0 
cut to pieces4 ,x 0 reorganis$1 & we f9d
 x on ! ,rh9e 9 ,decemb] ( ! same ye>4  
,x 0 f9ally dissolv$ aft] ,napoleon's   
abdication & exile to ,elba1 #bj?       
,april1 & ! peace ( ,p>is #cj? ,may1    
#ahad4  #hj ,die ,grafs*aft ,m>k4 ,!    
,m>k ( ,br&5burg 7s call$ z be+ ! m>k or
 fronti] aga9/ ,slavic hea!ndom 9 t     
direction dur+ ! d>k ages7 is ! k]nel ( 
! ,prussian mon>*y4 ,x 0 9 ! "* (       
,m>kgraf ( ,br&5burg1 t ! ,hoh5zoll]n   
pr9ces 7 electors ( ! ,g]man ,empire2 _!
 title z k+ 0 due n to ,br&5burg1 b to !
 duk$om ( ,prussia 9 ! f> ea/ 7once !   
t]ritory ( ! ,teutonic milit>y ord]71   
:i* 0 elevat$ to ! rank ( an indep5d5t  
k+dom 9 #agja4 ,! title ( ! pres5t      
,emp]or ( ,g]many /ill beg9s ,william1  
,emp]or ( ,g]many1 ,k+ ( ,prussia4      
,m>kgraf ( ,br&5burg1 etc41 etc41 %[+ ! 
importance atta*$ to ?is mo/ anci5t     
dignity4 ,! ,m>k ( ,br&5burg conta9s    

,b]l94 ,midd5dorff seems to h be5 !n    
liv+ 9 ! ,m>k4 ,froebel _c h =gott5 t by
 orig9 ,wilhelm ,midd5dorff 0 a         
,we/phalian4  #ha ,( ,bau] little fur!r 
is to be kn[n4 ,he 0 aft]w>ds pr(essor 9
 ! ,fr$]ick-,william ,gymnasium 7,gramm>
 ,s*ool7 9 ,b]l91 b has no fur!r        
connection ) ,froebel's c>e]4 ,on ! o!r 
h&1 a few words on ,lange?al &          
,midd5dorff seem necess>y "h4 ,he9ri*   
,lange?al 0 born 9 ,erfurt1 ,septemb]   
#crd1 #agib4 ,he jo9$ ,froebel at       
,keilhau 9 #ahag4 ,he 0 a fai?ful       
colleague ( ,froebel's !re1 & at        
,willisau & ,burgdorf1 b f9ally left him
 at ! la/ place1 & und]took ! managem5t 
( a girls' s*ool at ,b]n4 ,he aft]w>ds  
became a m9i/] 9 ,s*leus+51 return+     
ev5tually to ,keilhau4 ,"o ( ! pres5t   
writ]s saw him !re 9 #ahga4 ,he 0 !n q  
bl9d1 b happy & vigor\s1 ?\gh 9 8       
eightie? ye>4 ,he di$ 9 #ahhc4 ,wilhelm 
,midd5dorff1 ! close/ & true/ fri5d     
,froebel ev] _h1 )\t :om1 inde$1 he c\ld
 n exi/1 because ea* =m$ ! complem5t ( !

 o!r's nature1 0 born at ,bre*t51 ne>   
,dortmund1 9 ,we/phalia1 ,septemb] #bj?1
 #agic1 & di$ at ,keilhau ,novemb] #bg?1
 #ahec1 a little ov] a ye> aft] 8 great 
ma/]4 7,froebel _h pass$ away at        
,m>i5?al ,july #ba/1 #aheb47  #hb       
,ansi*t5 vom ,ni$] ,rhe91 ,fl&]n1       
,holl&1 ,engl&1 ,frankrei* 9 ,april1    
,mai1 und ,juni #agij 7,sket*es on !    
,l[] ,rh9e1 ,fl&]s1 etc474 ,johann      
,georg ,=/] 7#aged-agid71 ! au?or ( ?is 
book1 accompani$ 8 fa!r1 ! naturali/1 9 
,capta9 ,cook's j\rney r\nd ! _w4 ,he !n
 settl$ 9 ,w>r+ton 7,engl&7 9 #agfg2    
taught languages1 & translat$ _m =eign  
books into ,engli%1 etc4 ,he left ,engl&
 9 #aggg1 & s]v$ _m pr9ces on ! ,cont95t
 z libr>ian1 hi/oriograph]1 etc41 among/
 o!rs ! ,cz>9a ,ca!r9e4 ,he 0 libr>ian  
to ! ,elector ( ,ma9z :5 ! ,fr5*        
,revolution broke out1 & 0 s5t z a      
deputation to ,p>is by ! republicans ( t
 t[n1 :o desir$ union ) ,france4 ,he di$
 at ,p>is 9 #agid4 ,8 prose is consid]$ 
classical 9 ,g]many1 hav+ ! lightness ( 

,fr5* & ! p[] ( ,engli% ga9$ ?r\gh 8    
l>ge k ( ^? lit]atures4  #hc ,! ,m>k (  
,br&5burg4  #hd ,x is to be regrett$ t  
,froebel has n develop$ ?is po9t m      
fully4 ,he speaks ( die ,betra*tung des 
,zahl5s9nes 9 horizontal] od]           
,seit5-,ri*tung1 & "o w\ld be glad (    
fur!r details ( ?is view ( numb]4 ,we   
?9k t ! full expression ( ! ?\ght "h    
%ad[$ out1 is to be f\nd 9 ! ,k9d]g>t5  
occupations ( mat-weav+1 /ick-lay+1     
etc41 9 _! ari?metical aspect4 ,c]ta9ly 
9 ^! occupations1 in/ead ( numb] be+    
built up z ) bricks1 etc41 x is laid    
along horizontally4  #he ,c>l ,*ri/ian  
,fri$ri* ,krause1 an em95t philosoph]1 &
 ! mo/ le>n$ writ] on freemasonry 9 8   
day1 0 born 9 #agha4 at ,eis5b]g1 9     
,saxony4 ,f #ahja to #ahjd he 0 a       
pr(essor at ,j5a1 aft]w>ds tea*+ 9      
,dresd51 ,goett+51 & ,muni*1 at :i*     
latt] place he di$ 9 #ahcb4  #hf ,lor5z 
,ok51 ! fam\s naturali/ & man ( sci5ce1 
0 born at ,rohlsba*1 9 ,swabia1 #a/     
,augu/1 #aggi4 7,8 real "n 0 ,ock5fuss47

 ,9 #ahab ,ok5 0 appo9t$ ord9>y pr(essor
 ( natural hi/ory at ,j5a1 & 9 #ahaf he 
f\nd$ 8 celebrat$ j\rnal1 ! ,isis1      
devot$ *iefly to sci5ce1 b also admitt+ 
comm5ts on political matt]s4 ,! latt]   
hav+ giv5 (f5ce to ! ,c\rt ( ,weim>1    
,ok5 0 call$ ^u ei!r to resign 8        
pr(essor%ip or suppress ! ,isis4 ,he    
*ose ! =m] alt]native1 s5t 9 8          
resignation1 transf]r$ ! publication ( !
 ,isis to ,rudol/adt1 & rema9$ at ,j5a z
 a private tea*] ( sci5ce4 ,9 #ahba he  
broa*$ 9 ! ,isis ! idea ( an annual     
ga!r+ ( ,g]man savants1 & x 0 c>ri$ out 
successfully at ,leipzig 9 ! foll[+ ye>4
 ,to ,ok51 !re=e1 may be indirectly     
ascrib$ ! g5esis ( ! annual sci5tific   
ga!r+s common on ! ,cont95t1 z well z ( 
! ,briti% ,association = ! ,advancem5t (
 ,sci5ce1 :i* at ! outset 0 av[$ly      
organis$ aft] 8 model4 ,he di$ 9 #ahea4 
#hg ,^? acqua9t$ ) ! classical my?ology 
w =give u = not+ t ,*>ybdis 01 & is1 a  
:irlpool on ! ,sicilian %ore ( ! ,/raits
 ( ,mess9a1 face to face ) "s cav]ns "u 

! rock ( ,scylla1 on ! ,italian %ore1   
into :i* ! waves ru% at high tide ) a   
ro> n unlike a dog's b>k4  #hh ,!       
peculi> dreamy boy1 :o by 8 nature 0 set
 aga9/ mu* ( 8 "w1 & !re=e seem$ b an   
idle fell[ to 8 s*oolma/]1 0 ?\ght to be
 less gift$ ?an 8 bro!rs1 & on t acc\nt 
fitt$ n s mu* = /udy z = simple         
practical life4 ,9 ,ob]weissba* he 0 set
 d[n z moon/ruck4 ,all ?is is m fully   
set =? 9 ! ,me9+5 lett]1 & ! footnotes  
to x4  #hi ,?is 0 ! "t :5 he 0 appr5tic$
 to ! =e/] 9 ,neuhaus1 9 ! ,?u]+] ,wald1
 & necess>ily /udi$ ma!matics1 nature1 &
 ! culture ( =e/ trees4 ,eyewitnesses h 
describ$ him z extremely peculi> 9 all 8
 ways1 ev5 to 8 dress1 :i* 0 (t5        
fanta/ic4 ,he 0 fond ( mighty boots &   
great wav+ fea!rs 9 8 gre5 hunt]'s-hat1 
etc4  #ij i4e41 ,frankfurt4  #ia        
,ar*itecture1 etc41 at ?is "t4  #ib ,f  
,meckl5burg to ,frankfurt4  #ic i4e41 z 
an ar*itect4  #id ,8 plan evid5tly 0 to 
use ar*itecture1 probably ,go?ic        
ar*itecture1 z a means ( culture &      

elevation = mank9d1 & n m]ely to        
practise x to ga9 money4  #ie ,x 0 9    
#ahje t ,froebel 0 appo9t$ by ,grun]    
tea*] 9 ! ,normal ,s*ool at ,frankfurt4 
#if #a4 ,tea*] 9 ! ,model ,s*ool4 #b4   
,tutor to ! sons ( ,h]r von ,holzhaus5  
ne> ,frankfurt4 #c4 ,a resid5t at       
,yv]don ) ,pe/alozzi4  #ig ,froebel 0   
driv5 to ,yv]don by ! p]usal ( "s (     
,pe/alozzi's works :i* ,grun] _h l5t    
him4 ,he /ay$ ) ,pe/alozzi = a =tnight1 
& return$ ) ! resolve to /udy fur!r ) ! 
great ,swiss re=m] at "s future "t4 ,9  
#ahjg1 he became tutor to ,h]r von      
,holzhaus5's some:at spoilt boys1 dem&$ 
to h ! entire control ( !m1 & = ?is     
object _! isolation f _! family4 ,!     
grateful p>5ts1 ) :om ,froebel 0 v w>mly
 intimate1 always kept ! rooms 9 :i* he 
dwelt ) 8 pupils exactly z !y 7 at t "t1
 9 remembrance ( 8 rem>kable success )  
^! boys4 ,madame von ,holzhaus5 _h      
extraord9>y influ5ce ) ,froebel1 & he   
cont9u$ 9 con/ant correspond5ce ) h]4 ,9
 #ahjh ,froebel & 8 pupils w5t to       

,yv]don1 & rema9$ till #ahaj4 ,b !      
philosophic gr\ndwork ( ,pe/alozzi's    
sy/em fail$ to satisfy him4 ,pe/alozzi's
 "w />t$ f ! ext]nal ne$s ( ! poore/ p1 
:ile ,froebel desir$ to f\nd ! columns  
support+ human culture ^u !oretically   
reason$ gr\nds & ^u ! natural sci5ces4  
,a rem>kable diff]5ce exi/$ betwe5 !    
*>act]s ( ! two great m54 ,pe/alozzi 0  
diffid5t1 ackn[l$g$ freely 8 mi/akes1 & 
sometimes blam$ himself = !m bitt]ly2   
,froebel nev] ?\ght himself 9 ! wrong1  
if any?+ w5t amiss always f\nd "s       
ext]nal cause = ! failure1 & 9          
self-confid5ce sometimes rea*$ an       
extravagant pit*4  #ih ,ei!r ,froebel or
 8 editor has made a blund] "h4 ,froebel
 w5t to ,goett+5 9 ,july #ahaa 7see p4  
#hd71 & to ,b]l9 9 ,octob] #ahab 7see p4
 #hi74  #ii ,at ?is "t1 h[ev]1 ! symbols
 ( ! inorganic _w did n appeal to       
,froebel ) ! same =ce z ^? ( ! organic  
_w4 ,9 a lett] to ,madame von           
,holzhaus54 #ca/ ,m>*1 #ahca1 he writes3
 ,x is ! highe/ privilege ( natural =ms 

or ( natural life t !y conta9 agreem5t &
 p]fection )9 !mselves z a :ole class1  
:ile diff]+ & fill$ ) imp]fection 9     
p>ticul> individuals2 = look at !       
lovelie/ bloom+ fruit-tree1 ! sweete/   
rose1 ! pure/ lily1 & y\r eye c always  
detect defici5cies1 imp]fections1       
diff]5ces 9 ea* "o1 reg>d$ z a s+le     
ph5om5on1 a sep>ate bloom2 &1 fur!r1 !  
same want ( p]fection appe>s also 9 e   
s+le petal3 on ! o!r h&1 :]ev]          
ma!matical symmetry & precise agreem5t  
are f\nd1 !re is dea?4  #ajj ,n a figure
 ( spee* altoge!r2 = ,froebel did really
 decl9e a pr(essor%ip ( m9]alogy :i* 0  
(f]$ him at ?is "t1 9 ord] to set =? on 
8 educational c>e]4  #aja ,t is1 putt+  
developm5t into a =mula--               
,!sis--,anti!sis            ,syn!sis4   
,! true syn!sis is t spr++ f ! !sis &   
its opposite1 ! anti!sis4 ,ano!r type ( 
! =mula is ?is--                        
,proposition--,c\nt]-proposition        
,compromise4  ,und]/&+ by ,compromise   
7,v]mittlung7 t :i* results f ! union ( 

! two opposites1 t :i* =ms "p ( bo? &   
:i* l9ks !m toge!r4 ,! =mula express$ 9 
t]ms ( human life1 = example1 is--      
,fa!r--,"m              ,*ild4          
,philosophic read]s acqua9t$ ) ,hegel & 
8 s*ool w recognise a famili> fri5d 9 ^!
 =mulae4  #ajb ,froebel travell$ f ,b]l9
 to ,o/]ode1 & took ) him bo? 8 bro!r   
,*ri/ian's sons1 ,f]d9& & ,wilhelm1 to  
,grie%eim2 !re to educate !m toge!r ) ! 
?ree orphans ( 8 bro!r ,*ri/oph1 :o _h  
di$ 9 #ahac1 ( hospital fev]1 :il/ nurs+
 ! ,fr5* soldi]s4 ,( ! sons ( ,*ri/ian1 
,f]d9& /udi$ philosophy1 & at 8 dea? 0  
director ( ! ,orphanage f\nd$ by        
,froebel 9 ,burgdorf2 ,wilhelm1 :o %[$  
great tal5t1 & 0 8 uncle's fav\rite     
nephew1 di$ e>ly ?r\gh ! consequ5ces (  
an accid5t1 j aft] receiv+ 8 leav+      
c]tificate f ! gymnasium ( ,rudol/adt4  
,z reg>ds ! sons ( ,*ri/oph1 !y 7 !     
imm$iate cause ( ,froebel's go+ to      
,grie%eim1 = _! wid[$ "m s5t = h]       
bro!r-9-law to consult him z to _!      
education4 ,julius1 ! elde/1 0 well     

prep>$ 9 ,keilhau = ! active life he 0  
aft]w>ds de/9$ to live4 ,he w5t f s*ool 
to ,muni*1 fir/1 to /udy ! natural      
sci5ces2 & :ile yet at ! univ]sity      
sev]al publications f 8 p5 7 issu$ by   
,cotta4 ,lat] on he took an (ficial po/ 
9 ,weim>1 & cont9u$ to write f "t to "t4
 ,mean:ile he complet$ 8 /udies 9 ,j5a &
 ,b]l9 "u ,k>l von ,ritt]1 ! great      
au?ority on cosmography1 & "u ! di/+ui%$
 naturali/1 ,alex&] von ,humboldt4 ,9   
#ahcc he became ,pr(essor at !          
,polyte*nic ,s*ool 9 ,zuri*2 b 8 lit]>y 
avocations ev5tually drew him to        
,dresd54 ,"h he 0 *os5 ,deputy to !     
,national ,assembly at ,frankfurt 9     
#ahdh4 ,aft] ! dissolution ( t          
,assembly1 ,julius ,froebel1 9 common ) 
_m o!rs ( ! m advanc$ p>ty1 0 condemn$  
to dea?4 ,he escap$ to ,switz]l& be=e   
arre/1 & fl$ to ,new ,york4 ,9 aft] life
 he 0 p]mitt$ to return to ,g]many1 &   
ev5tually he 0 appo9t$ ,consul at       
,smyrna4  ,k>l ,froebel1 ! next son1 w5t
 to ,j5a also4 ,he !n took a tutor%ip 9 

,engl&1 & x 0 at ?is "t 7#ahca7 t 8     
pamphlet1 ,a ,prep>ation = ,euclid1     
appe>$4 ,he return$ to ! ,cont95t to    
become ,director ( ! ,public ,s*ools at 
,zu]i*4 ,he left ,zu]i* 9 #ahdh =       
,hamburg1 :]e he f\nd$ a ,lyceum = ,"y  
,ladies4 ,"s ye>s lat]1 :5 ?is _h ceas$ 
to exi/1 he w5t aga9 to ,engl&1 &       
ev5tually f\nd$ an excell5t s*ool at    
,ed9burgh ) ! aid ( 8 wife2 :i*1 inde$1 
8 wife & he /ill conduct4 ,8 daught]s %[
 great tal5t = music1 & "o ( !m 0 a     
pupil ( ! di/+ui%$ piani/1 ,madame      
,s*umann 7wid[ ( ! great compos]74  #ajc
 ,or1 z we say1 ,a is ,a4  #ajd ,a great
 deal ( ,froebel's irony might all too  
truly be /ill appli$ to curr5t          
educational "w4  #aje ,empiricism--t is1
 a po/]iori inve/igations1 bas$ on      
actual facts & n a priori d$uctions f   
!ories1 or g5]al laws1 did good s]vice  
be=e ,froebel's "t1 & w d good s]vice   
yet1 ,froebel not)/&+4 ,9 ,froebel's "t 
! limits ,kant s truly set to ! human   
und]/&+ 7 ov]/epp$ on e side2 ,fi*te1   

,s*ell+1 & ,hegel 7 tea*+1 & ! latt]    
especially _h an ov]p[]+ influ5ce ^u all
 sci5ce4 ,e "o con/ruct$ a philosophy ( 
! univ]se out ( 8 own bra94 ,krause1 !  
recipi5t ( ?is lett]1 nev] atta9$ to v  
great influ5ce1 ?\gh _h he be5 9        
,hegel's *air he might p]haps h wield$  
,hegel's au?ority1 & !re 0 = a long "t a
 great likelihood ( 8 appo9tm5t4        
,mean:ile he recon/ruct$ ! univ]sity at 
,goett+54 ,ev5 practical /ud5ts (       
,nature1 su* z ,ok51 did homage to !    
g5]al t5d5cy :i* _h absorb$ all ! eag]  
spirits ( ! vangu>d ( human advancem5t1 
among/ !m ,froebel himself4 ,we see h[  
firmly set ,froebel 0 aga9/             
exp]i5ce-tea*+1 a po/]iori "w1 or1 z he 
calls x1 empiricism4 ,! ,kanti/1 ,ar?ur 
,s*op5hau]1 0 n li/5$ to1 & dwelt ap>t1 
dev\r+ 8 he>t 9 bitt] sil5ce2 break+ out
 at la/ ) ! dre>y cre$ ( ,pessimism4    
#ajf ,froebel is "h h>dly fair4 ,h[ %\ld
 p "k mu* ( him z yet8 ,he _h at ?is "t 
writt5 ! foll[+ works3--7#a7 ,on !      
,univ]sal ,g]man ,educational ,in/itute 

( ,rudol/adt 7#ahbb72 7#b7 ,cont9uation 
( ! ,acc\nt ( ! ,univ]sal ,g]man        
,educational ,in/itute at ,keilhau      
7#ahbc72 7#c7 ,*ri/mas at ,keilhau3 a   
,*ri/mas ,gift to ! ,p>5ts ( ! ,pupils  
at ,keilhau1 to ! ,fri5ds & ! ,memb]s ( 
! ,in/itute 7#ahbd72 7#d7 ,! ,m5s*5     
,erziehung1 ! full title ( :i* 0 ,!     
,education ( ,man3 ,! ,art ( ,education1
 ,in/ruction1 & ,tea*+1 z attempt$ to be
 realis$ at ! ,univ]sal ,educational    
,in/itute at ,keilhau1 set =? by !      
,orig9ator1 ,f\nd]1 & ,pr9cipal ( !     
,in/itute1 ,fri$ri* ,froebel 7#ahbf71   
nev] complet$2 7#e7 ,family ,weekly     
,j\rnal ( ,education = ,self-culture & !
 ,tra9+ ( ,o!rs1 edit$ by ,fri$ri*      
,froebel1 ,leipzig & ,keilhau4 ,b       
,froebel1 9 8 unbus9ess-l way1 publi%$  
all ^! productions privately4 ,!y came  
out ( c\rse "u e disadvantage1 & c\ld   
only rea* ! h&s ( le>n$ p]sons1 & ^? to 
:om !y 7 really ( int]e/1 by ! m]e/     
*ance4 ,fur!r1 ,froebel1 z has already  
abundantly appe>$1 0 b a poor au?or4 ,8 

/iff1 turgid /yle makes 8 works 9 _m    
places mo/ difficult to und]/&1 z !     
pres5t translators h f\nd to _! co/1 &  
he 0 !re=e practically unreadable to !  
g5]al public4 ,9 8 usual self-absorb$   
fa%ion1 he did n p]ceive ^! defici5cies 
( 81 nor c\ld he be got to see ! folly (
 private publication4 ,inde$1 on !      
contr>y1 he dream$ ( fabul\s sums :i* "o
 day he 0 to realise by ! sale ( 8      
works4 ,x is ne$less to add t ! ev5t    
prov$ v mu* ! rev]se4 ,z to criticism1 x
 0 p>ticul>ly ! able editor ,h>nis* :o  
pull$ to pieces ! ,m5s*5 ,erziehung s   
pitilessly on its appe>ance1 & :o is    
probably "h ref]r$ to4  #ajg ,?is       
passage may s]ve z a suffici5t          
illu/ration ( ,froebel's metaphysical   
way ( look+ at 8 subject4 ,x is sc>cely 
our habit at ! pres5t day to reg>d !    
sci5ce ( be+ 7ontology7 z a sci5ce at   
all1 s9ce x is utt]ly incapable (       
v]ification2 b x is n difficult to trace
 ! important tru? really held by        
,froebel ev5 ?r\gh ! some:at p]plex+    

folds ( s*ola/ic philosophy 9 :i* he has
 clo!d x4  #ajh ,see ! previ\s footnote1
 p4 #ic4  #aji ,^! ev5ts & situations   
are fully set =? 9 ! lett] to ! ,duke ( 
,me9+51 ante4  #aaj ,z m9]alogi/4  #aaa 
,*ri/ian ,ludwig ,froebel4  #aab        
,*ri/oph4  #aac ,?is y\ng] ,lange?al    
aft]w>ds became a ,pr(essor 9 !         
,univ]sity ( ,j5a4  #aad ,! m9i/]'s wid[
 lo/ h] wid['s privilege ( resid5ce at  
,grie%eim by ! dea? ( h] fa!r1 & b\ght a
 f>m at ,keilhau4  #aae ,froebel told 8 
si/]-9-law t he desir$ to be a fa!r to  
h] orphan$ *ildr54 ,! wid[ und]/ood ?is 
9 q a special & peculi> s5se1 :]e(      
,froebel _h n ! remote/ idea4 ,lat] on1 
:5 %e came to "k t ,froebel 0 engag$ to 
ano!r lady1 %e made ov] to him !        
,keilhau f>m1 & h]self w5t to live at   
,volk/a$t4  #aaf ,?is "y girl1 ! adopt$ 
daught] ( ! fir/ ,madame ,froebel1 0    
nam$ ,erne/9e ,*risp9e1 & aft]w>ds m>ri$
 ,lange?al4 ,froebel's fir/ wife1       
,h5rietta ,wilhelm9e ,h(fmei/]1 0 born  
at ,b]l9 #bj? ,septemb]1 #aghj1 & 0     

!re=e ?irty-eight at ! "t ( h] m>riage4 
,%e 0 a rem>kable woman1 highly cultur$1
 a pupil ( ,s*lei]ma*] & ( ,fi*te4 ,be=e
 h] m>riage ) ,froebel %e _h be5 m>ri$  
to an (ficial 9 ! ,w> ,(fice1 & _h be5  
sep>at$ f him on acc\nt ( 8 misconduct4 
,midd5dorff & ,lange?al knew ! family   
well1 & _h frequ5tly spok5 ) ,froebel   
ab\t ?is lady1 :o 0 admir$ & respect$ by
 bo? ( !m4 ,froebel saw h] once 9 !     
m9]alogical museum at ,b]l91 & 0        
wond]fully /ruck by h]1 especially      
because ( ! read9ess 9 :i* %e ent]$ into
 8 educational ideas4 ,:5 aft]w>ds he   
desir$ to m>ry1 he wrote to ! lady &    
invit$ h] to give up h] life to !       
fur!rance ( ^? ideas ) :i* %e _h once   
%[n h]self to be s deeply p5etrat$1 & to
 become 8 wife4 ,%e receiv$ 8 proposal  
fav\rably1 b h] fa!r1 an old ,w> ,(fice 
(ficial1 at fir/ made objections4       
,ev5tually %e left h] com=table home to 
plunge amid/ ! privations & h>d%ips (   
all k9ds abundantly connect$ )          
educational /ruggles4 ,%e soon rose to  

great hon\r ) all ! little circle1 & 0  
deeply lov$ & mo/ t5d]ly treat$ by      
,froebel himself4 ,9 h] will+ness to    
make sacrifices & h] *e]fulness "u      
privations1 %e set !m all an example4   
,%e di$ at ,blank5burg 9 ,may #ahci4    
#aag ,! expect$ d[ry 0 nev] =?com+1 :i* 
made matt]s h>d]4  #aah ,*ri/ian _h     
already assi/$ 8 bro!r at ,grie%eim1 &  
be=e t1 to ! utmo/ ( 8 p[]4 ,! ?ree     
daught]s 7 7#a7 ,alb]t9e1 born #bi?     
,decemb]1 #ahja1 aft]w>ds m>ri$         
,midd5dorff2 7#b7 ,emilie1 born #aa?    
,july1 #ahjd1 m>ri$ ,b>op1 di$ #ah?     
,augu/1 #ahfj1 at ,keilhau2 7#c7 ,elise1
 born #e? ,janu>y1 #ahad1 m>ri$ ,dr4    
,siegfri$ ,s*affn]1 "o ( ! ,keilhau     
colleagues1 lat] on4  #aai ,johannes    
,arnold ,b>op1 ,midd5dorff's nephew1 0  
born at ,dortmund1 #bi? ,novemb]1 #ahjb4
 ,he aft]w>ds became proprietor &       
pr9cipal ( ,keilhau4  #abj ,m>* #ahbh4  
#aba ,?is excell5t man 0 dr[n$ 9 !      
,saale :ile ba?+1 soon aft] ?is lett] 0 
writt54  #abb ,he always reg>d$ himself 

z p]fectly tol]ant4  #abc ,froebel mov$ 
f ,grie%eim to ,keilhau 9 #ahag4  #abd  
,9 #ahbj4  #abe ,x 0 9 #ahbh t ,b>op    
=mally & def9itely jo9$ ! ,froebel      
community4  #abf ,! long turmoil ( !    
,napoleonic w>s1 ! outcome ( ! ,fr5*    
,revolution1 ceas$ 9 #ahae2 & ! m9ds ( !
 /ud5ts & ! o!r y\?s ( ! c\ntry1 set    
free f ?is t]rible /ruggle = lib]ty1    
turn$ t[>ds ! re=mation ( _! own c\ntry4
 ,_m associations 7 =m$3 p]haps "h & !re
 wild talk 0 indulg$ 94 ,! ,gov]nm5t    
grew al>m$1 & ?\gh ! /ud5ts _h inv>iably
 act$ ) p]fect legality1 all _!         
associations 7 disp]s$ & =bidd54  #abg  
,*ri/ian ,froebel & 8 wife4  #abh ,?is 0
 #ahbg-bi4  #abi ,?is is ! int]e/+ plan 
( ! ,public ,educational ,in/itution &  
,orphanage 9 ,helba1 ) :i* admir]s (    
,froebel are probably already well      
acqua9t$4 ,x is giv5 9 full 9 ,lange's  
,froebel1 vol4 i41 p4 #dja4  #acj ,say  
,l#ajj4  #aca ,9 #ahbi4  #acb ,!        
,w>t5see is a small lake 9 ! canton     
,luz]n1 n f> f ,sempa*4  #acc ,ab\t     

#cjs4  #acd ,auf ,s*u/]'s ,rapp51--i4e41
 on foot4 7,?is 0 9 #ahcb47  #ace ,a    
small t[n n f> away1 /ill 9 ! canton    
,luz]n4  #acf ,?is 0 a famili> "n = !   
devil1 till a few ye>s back1 9 ,g]many2 
surpris+ly recall+ ! t]m ,eum5ides = !  
,greek ,furies1 s9ce x orig9at$ 9 a     
desire to speak ( s p[]ful an enemy 9   
respectful t]ms1 le/ he %\ld take (f5ce4
  #acg ,a ,swiss educational writ] (    
great p[] & *>m4 ,8 s*ool books1 ,sur la
 langue mat]nelle1 are really valuable4 
#ach ,! editors v5ture to call att5tion 
to ^! little facts z a sample ( !       
extraord9>y devotion & sacrifice :i*    
,froebel knew h[ to inspire 9 8         
colleagues4 ,?is ex*ange ( ,b>op &      
,midd5dorff took place 9 #ahcc4  #aci ,9
 #ahcc4  #adj ,?is regulation is /ill   
happily 9 =ce4  #ada ,9 #ahcf4  #adb    
,blank5burg lies on ! way f ,s*w>zburg  
to ,rudol/adt1 ab\t two h\rs' walk away 
f ,keilhau4     ,,*ronological ,,ab/ract
 ,,( ,,! ,,pr9cipal ,,ev5ts ,,9 ,,!     
,,life ,,( ,,froebel1 ,,& ,,! ,,froebel 

,,community4          99       99       
99       99       99  #aggj4  ,june     
#bd?4--,bir? ( ,*ri/ian ,ludwig         
,froebel4  #aghj4  ,sept4 #ag?4--,bir? (
 ,fri$ri* ,froebel's fir/ wife1         
,h5riette        ,wilhelm9e ,h(fmei/]1  
at ,b]l94         ,*ri/ian ,froebel's   
wife1 ,johanna ,c>ol9e ,muegge1 0 also  
born        9 #aghj1 on ,augu/ #bh?4    
#aghb4  ,april #ba/4--,bir? ( ,fri$ri*  
,froebel1 at ,ob]weissba*1              
,?ur+ia4  #agib4  ,froebel is s5t to    
,sup]9t5d5t ,h(fman 9 ,/adt ,ilm4       
,sept4 #crd4--,bir? ( ,he9ri* ,lange?al1
 at ,erfurt4  #agic4  ,sept4            
#bj4--;,bir? ( ,wilhelm ,midd5dorff1 at 
,bre*t51 ne>        ,dortmund1 9        
,we/phalia4  #agig4  ,froebel is s5t to 
,neuh( 9 ! ,?ur+ian ,=e/ to le>n        
=e/ry4  #agii4  ,froebel returns home2  
goes !nce z /ud5t to ,j5a4  #ahja4  ,he 
leaves ,j5a 7hav+ clos$ 8 c>e] !re ) n9e
 weeks'        imprisonm5t = debt71 &   
soon aft]w>ds beg9s to /udy        f>m+ 
) a relative ( 8 fa!r's at              

,hildburghaus54         ,dec4           
#bi?4--,bir? ( ,alb]t9e ,froebel        
7,madame ,midd5dorff71        elde/     
daught] ( ,*ri/ian ,froebel4  #ahjb4    
,dea? ( ,froebel's fa!r4 ,froebel       
becomes ,actu>y to !        ,=e/ry      
,dep>tm5t ( ! ,episcopal ,/ate (        
,bamb]g4         ,nov4 #bi?4--,bir? (   
,johannes ,arnold ,b>op1 at ,dortmund1 9
        ,we/phalia4  #ahjc4  ,froebel   
goes to ,bamb]g1 & takes "p 9 !         
gov]nm5tal l&        survey1 necess>y ^u
 ! *ange ( gov]nm5t1 ,bamb]g n[         
pass+ to ,bav>ia4  #ahjd4  ,he takes1 "o
 aft] ! o!r1 two situations z secret>y &
        acc\ntant ( a l>ge c\ntry e/ate1
 fir/1 t ( ,h]r von        ,voeld]sdorf 
9 ,baireu?1 aft]w>ds t ( ,h]r von       
,dewitz 9        ,gross ,mil*[1         
,meckl5burg4         ,july #aa?4--,bir? 
( ,emilie ,froebel 7,madame ,b>op71     
second        daught] ( ,*ri/ian        
,froebel4  #ahje4  ,dea? ( ,froebel's   
mat]nal uncle1 ,sup]9t5d5t ,h(fman4     
,froebel det]m9es to become an ar*itect1

 & sets out =        ,frankfurt to /udy 
!re4 ,becomes1 h[ev]1 tea*] 9 ! ,model  
,s*ool at ,frankfurt1 on ,grun]'s       
invitation4 ,visits ,pe/alozzi1         
at ,yv]don1 = a %ort "t4  #ahjg4  ,he   
becomes tutor 9 ! family ( ,h]r von     
,holzhaus5 9 !        suburbs (         
,frankfurt4  #ahjh4  ,he goes to        
,pe/alozzi at ,yv]don ) 8 pupils4       
#ahji4  ,he draws up an acc\nt (        
,pe/alozzi's "w = ! ,pr9cess (          
,rudol/adt4  #ahaj4  ,froebel returns to
 ,frankfurt f ,yv]don4  #ahaa4  ,he goes
 to ! ,univ]sity ( ,goett+54  #ahab4    
,he proce$s !nce to ! ,univ]sity (      
,b]l94  #ahac4  ,froebel1 ,lange?al1 &  
,midd5dorff enli/ 9 ,luetz['s regim5t   
( ,*asseurs1 a volunte] corps enroll$ to
 take "p 9 !        resi/ance to        
,napoleon's invasion ( ,prussia4  #ahad4
  ,jan4 #e?4--,bir? ( ,elise ,froebel   
7,madame ,s*affn]71 ,*ri/ian's          
y\nge/ daught]4         ,aft] ! ,peace (
 ,p>is 7,may #cj?1 #ahad7 ,froebel is   
appo9t$        assi/ant 9 ! ,m9]alogical

 ,museum ( ! ,univ]sity (        ,b]l91 
& takes 8 po/ !re 9 ,augu/4  #ahaf4     
,nov4 #ac?4--,froebel f\nds 8 ,univ]sal 
,g]man ,educational        ,in/itute 9  
,grie%eim4  #ahag4  ,transf]5ce ( !     
,s*ool to ,keilhau4 ,arrival ( ,lange?al
 &        ,midd5dorff4  #ahah4  ,fir/   
m>riage ( ,froebel4  #ahbj4  ,*ri/ian   
,froebel arrives at ,keilhau ) 8 wife & 
daught]s        ,froebel writes ,to !   
,g]man p4  #ahba4  ,froebel publi%es    
7privately7 ,pr9ciples1 ,aims1 & ,inn]  
,life        ( ! ,univ]sal ,g]man       
,educational ,in/itute 9 ,keilhau1 &    
,aphorisms4  #ahbb4  ,he publi%es !     
pamphlets ,on ,g]man ,education1        
especially z        reg>ds ! ,univ]sal  
,g]man ,educational ,in/itute at        
,keilhau1        & ,on ! ,univ]sal      
,g]man ,educational ,in/itute at        
,keilhau4  #ahbc4  ,he publi%es         
,cont9uation ( ! ,acc\nt ( !            
,educational        ,in/itute at        
,keilhau4  #ahbd4  ,he publi%es !       
pamphlet ,*ri/mas at ,keilhau4  #ahbf4  

,m>riages ( ,lange?al & ,midd5dorff4    
,froebel publi%es !        ,education ( 
,man 7,m5s*5 ,erziehung74 ,lat] he f\nds
 !        weekly ,family ,j\rnal (      
,education4  #ahbg4  ,lett] to ! ,duke (
 ,me9+5 7translat$ 9 ?is pres5t         
"w71 uncomplet$1 probably nev] s5t to ! 
duke4  #ahbh4  ,lett] to ,krause 7p>tly 
translat$ 9 ! pres5t "w74 ,b>op         
=mally becomes a memb] ( ! ,educational 
,community at        ,keilhau4  #ahbi4  
,plan = a ,national ,educational        
,in/itute 9 ,helba1 "u !        auspices
 ( ! ,duke ( ,me9+51 n[ complet$1 ! :ole
        ,keilhau community hav+ work$ ^u
 x "u ,froebel's        direction4      
#ahcj4  ,dea? ( ,wilhelm ,c>l1 "o ( !   
,keilhau community1 by dr[n+        9 ! 
,saale4  #ahca4  ,froebel breaks ) !    
,duke ( ,me9+51 & gives up ! ,helba     
project4         ,visit to ,frankfurt1 &
 meet+ ) ,s*nyd]4         ,acceptance ( 
,s*nyd]'s (f] ( 8 ,ca/le at ,w>t5see4   
,op5+ ( ! ,in/itution at ,w>t5see by    
,froebel & 8 nephew        ,f]d9&4      

#ahcb4  ,b>op goes to ,w>t5see4         
,transf]5ce ( ! ,s*ool f        ,w>t5see
 to ,willisau4 ,froebel pays a %ort     
visit to ,keilhau4  #ahcc4  ,froebel    
br+s 8 wife to ,willisau4 ,! ,b]nese    
,adm9i/ration        invites him to     
consid] a plan = ! f\ndation ( an       
,orphanage        at ,burgdorf4 ,he is  
appo9t$ lectur] = ! ,repetitive ,c\rses 
= "y tea*]s held !re4 ,lange?al comes f 
,keilhau to        ,willisau1 ,b>op     
returns to ,keilhau4  #ahce4  ,froebel1 
8 wife1 & ,lange?al und]take ! f\ndation
 ( !        ,orphanage = ,b]n1 9        
,burgdorf4 ,midd5dorff & ,elise ,froebel
 g        f ,keilhau to ,willisau & jo9 
,f]d9& ,froebel !re4        ,froebel    
writes ,! ,new ,ye> #ahcf dem&s a       
,r5ewal ( ,life4  #ahcf4  ,froebel & 8  
wife leave ,burgdorf = ,b]l94 ,f]d9&    
,froebel        & ,lange?al take ov] !  
direction ( ! ,orphanage4  #ahcg4  ,op5+
 ( ! fir/ ,k9d]g>t5 9 ,blank5burg4      
#ahch4  ,comm5cem5t ( ,froebel's ,sunday
 ,j\rnal4  #ahci4  ,froebel &           

,midd5dorff g to ,dresd54 ,dea? (       
,madame ,froebel4  #ahdj4  ,gutt5b]g    
,fe/ival 7#djj? anniv]s>y ( ! inv5tion (
        pr9t+74 ,op5+ ( ! ,univ]sal     
,g]man ,k9d]g>t5 at        ,blank5burg1 
z a jo9t-/ock company4 ,froebel &       
,midd5dorff 9        ! foll[+ ye>s make 
sev]al j\rneys f ,keilhau to v>i\s      
p>ts ( ,g]many endeav\r+ to promote !   
erection (        ,k9d]g>t5s4  #ahdh4   
,g5]al ,congress ( ,tea*]s1 call$ by    
,froebel1 at ,rudol/adt4        ,second 
j\rney ( ,froebel to ,dresd5 9 ! autumn4
  #ahdi4  ,froebel settles at ,lieb5/e9 
int5d+ to tra9 ,k9d]g>t5        tea*]s  
!re4 ,"w at ,hamburg1 fir/ by           
,midd5dorff1 !n by        ,froebel4     
#ahej4  ,froebel returns to ,lieb5/e94  
,?r\gh ! influ5ce ( ,madame        von  
,m>5holtz-,buel[ he receives ! neighb\r+
 c\ntry seat (        ,m>i5?al f ! ,gr& 
,duke ( ,weim> = ! purposes ( 8         
,tra9+ ,college4 ,f\ndation ( a new     
,weekly ,j\rnal (        ,education by  
,froebel1 edit$ by ,lange4 ,m>riage (   

,elise ,froebel        to ,dr4 ,siegfri$
 ,s*affn]4  #ahea4  ,jan4 #i?4--,dea? ( 
,*ri/ian ,ludwig ,froebel4              
,july4--,second m>riage ( ,froebel1 )   
,luise ,lev94 ,fir/        appe>ance ( !
 ,j\rnal = ,fri$ri* ,froebel's          
,educational        ,aims4  #aheb4      
,april4--,froebel is call$ to jo9 !     
,educational ,congress at        ,go?a1 
"u ! presid5cy ( ,!odor ,h(fman4        
,june #ba4--;,dea? ( ,froebel4 ,8       
educational e/abli%m5t at               
,m>i5?al is remov$ to ,keilhau1 "u !    
sup]9t5d5ce (        ,midd5dorff4       
,madame ,luise ,froebel also assi/s to  
tra9 /ud5ts        9 ! me?ods ( !       
,k9d]g>t5 at ,keilhau4  #ahec4          
,midd5dorff en?usia/ically receiv$ at ! 
,congress at        ,salzung51 :5       
address+ x on ! ,froebelian me?ods4     
,nov4 #bg?4--,dea? ( ,midd5dorff4       
,madame ,luise ,froebel1 = a        "t1 
directs ,keilhau4  #ahed4  ,madame      
,luise ,froebel goes 9 ! spr+ to        
,dresd51 to assi/ ,dr4        ,m>qu>t 9 

8 ,k9d]g>t5 & tra9+ e/abli%m5t =        
,k9d]g>t5 tea*]s4 ,madame ,m>qu>t _h be5
 a pupil (        ,froebel4 ,keilhau    
ceases to be a tra9+ s*ool = ,k9d]g>t5  
tea*]s4         ,9 ! autumn ,madame     
,luise ,froebel accepts ! director%ip ( 
! ,public ,free ,k9d]g>t5 9 ,hamburg1 & 
tra9s /ud5ts        !re4 7,%e is /ill   
actively employ$ at ,hamburg 9 ! cause (
        ! ,k9d]g>t52 #ahhf47            
,fir/ introduction ( ! ,k9d]g>t5 sy/em  
into ,engl& by        ,miss ,praetorius1
 :o f\nds a ,k9d]g>t5 at ,fitzroy       
,squ>e4        ,madame von ,m>5holtz    
,buel[1 :o 0 ! support ( ,froebel's     
late/ ye>s1 ^: influ5ce ) ! ,gr& ,duke (
 ,weim>        procur$ him ,m>i5?al1 &  
^: :ole leisure & p[] 0        devot$ to
 8 s]vice1 & to ! int]pretation ( 8     
ideas1        comes to ,engl& to lecture
 & write 9 support ( ! cause (        ! 
,k9d]g>t54 ,publi%es a pamphlet on      
,infant ,g>d5s1 9        ,engli%4       
,madame ,ronge introduces ! ,k9d]g>t5   
sy/em at ,man*e/]2        & %ortly      

aft]w>ds ! ,man*e/] ,k9d]g>t5           
,association is        f\nd$4  #ahei4   
,miss ,eleonore ,he]w>t 7pupil (        
,midd5dorff & ,madame ,luise            
,froebel71 & ! ,b>oness ,adele von      
,portugall 7pupil ( ,madame        von  
,m>5holtz-,buel[ & ( ,madame ,s*rad]1 ! 
great niece (        ,froebel71 come to 
,engl&1 & are bo? engag$ at ,man*e/] z  
,k9d]g>t5 tea*]s1 b n 9 ! same          
e/abli%m5t4  #ahfj4  ,augu/ #ah?4--,dea?
 ( ,madame ,b>op 7,emilie ,froebel74    
#ahfa4  ,! ,b>oness ,b]?a ,von          
,m>5holtz-,buel[ promotes ! f\ndation   
( ! ,j\rnal ,! ,education ( ! ,future1 &
 ,dr4 ,c>l        ,s*midt ( ,coe!n      
und]takes ! editor%ip4  #ahgd4          
,april4--,madame ,mi*aelis comes to     
,engl& to assi/ !        ,k9d]g>t5      
movem5t4 ,is appo9t$ 9 ! summ] to       
lecture to        ! s*ool-bo>d tea*]s at
 ,croydon4 ,f\nds ,croydon              
,k9d]g>t51 ,janu>y #ahge1 ) ,mrs4 ,b]ry4
         ,nov4--,! ,london ,s*ool ,bo>d 
appo9t ,miss ,bi%op 7pupil ( ,miss      

,praetorius7 z _! fir/ lectur] on !     
,k9d]g>t5 ,sy/em to        _! tea*]s (  
infant s*ools4 ,ab\t ! same "t ,miss    
,he]w>t 7:o _h left ,man*e/] to f\nd a  
,k9d]g>t5 ( h]        own 9 ,dubl9 9    
#ahff7 is appo9t$ pr9cipal ( ! ,k9d]g>t5
        ,tra9+ ,college e/abli%$ at     
,/ockwell by ! ,briti% &        ,=eign  
,s*ool ,society4         ,! ,froebel    
,society ( ,london is =m$ by ,miss      
,doreck1 ,miss        ,he]w>t1 ,miss    
,bi%op1 ,madame ,mi*aelis1 ,pr(essor    
,joseph ,payne1        & ,miss ,mann+2  
,miss ,doreck be+ ! fir/ presid5t4 ,v   
soon ^! 7 jo9$ by ,miss ,%ireff         
7presid5t s9ce #ahgg1        :5 ,miss   
,doreck di$71 by h] si/] ,mrs4 ,william 
,grey1 by ,miss        ,m>y ,gurney1 &  
by _m o!r well-kn[n fri5ds ( educational
        progress4  #ahgi4  ,autumn4--,! 
,london ,k9d]g>t5 ,tra9+ ,college is    
f\nd$ by        ! ,froebel ,society1 b z
 a sep>ate association 7dissolv$        
#ahhc74  #ahhj4  ,may4--,! ,croydon     
,k9d]g>t5 ,company 7,limit$71 is f\nd$  

to        ext5d ,madame ,mi*aelis's "w 9
 tea*+ & tra9+1 ,madame        ,mi*aelis
 becom+ ! ,company's head mi/ress4      
#ahhb4  ,lange?al di$4 ,celebration ( ! 
,c5t5>y ( ,froebel's bir?        by a   
conc]t1 giv5 at ,willis's ,rooms1       
,london1 on ! "p ( !        ,froebel    
,society1 to raise funds = a memorial   
,k9d]g>t5 at        ,blank5burg1 by a   
fund rais$ at ,croydon = ! same purpose1
        & by a soiree & conv]sazione1   
presid$ ov] by ,mr4 ,w4        ,woodall1
 ,m4,p41 giv5 at ! ,/ockwell ,tra9+     
,college by !        ,briti% & ,=eign   
,s*ool ,society4  #ahhc4  ,janu>y4--,!  
,b$=d ,k9d]g>t5 ,company 7,limit$7      
f\nd$1        ma9ly ^u ! l9es ( !       
,croydon ,company4 ,fir/ 7& pres5t7     
head mi/ress1 ,miss ,sim4         ,miss 
,he]w>t goes to ,blank5burg to f\nd !   
memorial        ,k9d]g>t5 !re4  #ahhd4  
,int]national ,exhibition1 ,s\? ,k5s+ton
 7,heal? &        ,education74 ,a       
,conf]5ce on ,education 0 held 9 ,june1 
!        section devot$ to ,infant      

,education be+ l>gely tak5 up )         
an important discussion ( ,froebel's    
pr9ciples1 9 :i*        speak]s ( o!r   
nations jo9$ ! ,engli% au?orities 9     
debate4         ,! ,briti% & ,=eign     
,society organis$ a complete exhibition 
( ,k9d]g>t5 "w & mat]ials1 to :i* all ! 
*ief ,london        ,k9d]g>t5           
e/abli%m5ts 7includ+ ,croydon7          
contribut$2 &        mo/ e/abli%m5ts    
gave lessons 9 turn1 weekly1 to classes 
(        *ildr51 9 ord] to %[ publicly !
 practical application (                
,k9d]g>t5 me?ods4 ,^! lessons 7 giv5    
gratuit\sly 9        ! rooms devot$ to !
 ,k9d]g>t5 section ( ! exhibition4      
,9 ,octob] ?is section 0 clos$ by a     
conf]5ce (        ,k9d]g>t5 tea*]s f all
 ,engl&1 held 9 ! ,lecture        ,!atre
 ( ! ,alb]t ,hall4                      
,autumn4--,dr4 ,wi*>d ,lange1 !         
biograph] ( ,froebel1 &        collector
 ( ,froebel's works 7f ^: collection !  
pres5t        translation has be5 made71
 & by 8 num]\s articles "o (        !   

be/ fri5ds to ! advocacy ( ,froebel's   
educational        pr9ciples1 di$1 "u   
some:at pa9ful circum/ances4            
,,bibliography ,,( ,,froebel4           
99       99       99       99       99  
,,walt]1 ,l4 ,die ,froebel-,lit]atur4   
#hvo1 pp4 #aih4 ,dresd54           #a4jj
         99       99       99       99  
99  ,,gesammelte ,,pa$agogis*e          
,,s*rift51 hrsg4 ,w4 ,lange4 #hvo1 #c   
vols4 ,i4 ,autobiographie2 ,,ii4        
,m5s*5]ziehung2 ,,iii4 ,pa$agogik des   
,k9d]g>t5s4 ,b]l91 #ahfb4  ,,pa$agogis*e
 ,,s*rift51 hrsg4 ,fri$ri* ,seidel4     
#abmo1 #c vols4 ,i4 ,m5s*5-,erziehung1  
pp4 #ccj2 ,,ii4 ,k9d]g>t5-,wes51 pp4    
#dfc2 ,,iii4 ,mutt]- und ,kose-,li$]1   
pp4 #bbh4 ,wi51 #ahhc4                  
#f4ej  ,,m5s*5-,,erziehung4             
,erziehungs-1 ,unt]ri*ts-1 und          
,lehrkun/4 #abmo1 pp4 #ccj4 ,wi51 #ahhc4
                                        
#b4jj  ,,! ,,education ,,( ,,man4       
,translat$ by ,joseph9e ,j>vis4 #abmo1  
pp4 #bgc4 ,new ,york1 #ahhe4            

#a4cj  ---- ,! same1 translat$ &        
annotat$ by ,w4,n4 ,hailmann4 #abmo1 pp4
 #ccb4 ,new ,york1 #ahhg4               
#a4ej  ,l',,education ,,de ,l',,homme4  
,traduit de l'allem& p> la b>onne de    
,crombugghe4 #abmo1 pp4 #cid4 ,p>is1    
#ahha4  ,,mutt]- ,,und ,,kose-,,li$]4   
,di*tung und ,bild] zur edl5 ,pflege des
 ,k9dheitleb5s4 ,e9 ,famili5-bu*4 #abmo1
 pp4 #bbh4 ,wi51 #ahhc4       #b4jj     
,,"m',s ,,songs1 ,games & ,/ories4      
,froebel's ,mutt]- und ,kose-,li$] r5d]$
 9 ,engli% by ,frances & ,emily ,"l4    
,conta9+ ! :ole ( ! orig9al             
illu/rations1 & ! music1 re>rang$ =     
*ildr5's voices1 ) pian(or!             
accompanim5t4 #hvo1 pp4 #bhi4 ,london1  
#ahhe4                                  
#c4jj  ,,"m-,,play1 & ,nurs]y ,songs4   
,illu/rat$ by ,fifty ,engrav+s4 ,)      
,notes to ,mo!rs4 ,by ,fri$ri* ,froebel4
 ,translat$ f ! ,g]man4 #dto1 pp4 #aib4 
,bo/on1 #ahgh4                          
#b4jj  ,,! ,,"m',s ,,book ( ,song4      
,two-"p ,songs = ,little ,s+]s1 on !    

,k9d]g>t5 ,sy/em4 ,! music compos$ by   
,lady ,bak]2 edit$ by ,g4,a4 ,macf>ran4 
#afmo4 ,new ,york4  ,,autobiographie4   
,b]l91 #ahfb4  ,,! ,,autobiography ,,(  
,,fri$ri* ,,froebel4 ,translat$ by ,h4  
,keatley ,moore & ,emilie ,mi*aelis4    
#abmo1 pp4 #ahj4 ,syracuse1 #ahhi4      
#a4ej  ,?is conta9s ! ,lett] to ! ,duke 
( ,me9+51 nev] complet$1 a %ort] acc\nt 
( 8 life 9 a lett] to ! philosoph]      
,krause1 a sket* ( ,b>op's1 & a         
*ronology ext5d$ f ,lange4              
,,autobiography ,,( ,,froebel4 ,mat]ials
 to aid a ,compreh5sion ( ! ,"w ( !     
,f\nd] ( ! ,k9d]g>t54 #afmo1 pp4 #abh4  
,new ,york1 #ahhg4                      
4#cj  ,?is conta9s ! ,lett] to ! ,duke (
 ,me9+51 ,miss ,lucy ,:eelock's         
translation1 tak5 f ,b>n>d's ,j\rnal (  
,education4  ,,froebel',s ,,explanation 
( ! ,k9d]g>t5 ,sy/em4 ,london1 #ahhf4   
4#bj         99       99       99       
99       99  ,,haus*mann1 ,a4,b4 ,fr4   
,froebel3 die ,entwicklung s4           
,erziehungs-idee 9 s4 ,leb54 #hvo1 pp4  

#dhj4 ,eis5a*1 #ahgd4                   
#b4jj  ,,kriege1 ,matilda ,h4 ,! ,f\nd] 
( ! ,k9d]g>t54 ,a ,sket*4 #abmo1 pp4    
#bi4 ,new ,york4  ,see also             
,,m>5holz-,,buel[1 9 next li/ bel[4     
,,m>5holz-,,buel[1 ,b>oness ,b4 von4    
,rem9isc5ces ( ,fri$ri* ,froebel4       
,translat$ by ,mrs4 ,horace ,mann4 ,) a 
sket* ( ! life ( ,fri$ri* ,froebel1 by  
,emily ,%irreff4 #abmo1 pp4 #cei4       
,bo/on1 #ahgg4                          
#a4ej  ,see also ,,goldamm]1            
,,m>5holz-,,buel[4  ,,phelps1 ,wm4 ,f4  
,froebel 7,*autauqua ,text-,book1 ,no4  
#ae74 #cbmo1 pp4 #ed4                   
4#aj  ,,%irreff1 ,emily4 ,froebel3 a    
,sket* ( 8 ,life1 ) ,lett]s to 8 ,wife4 
#abmo4 ,london1 #ahgg4                  
#a4jj  ,see also ,,m>5holz-,,buel[1     
above1 & ,,%irreff1 bel[4         99    
99       99       99       99           
,,bailey',s ,k9d]g>t5 ,sy/em4 ,bo/on4   
4#bj  ,,b>n>d1 ,h5ry4 ,pap]s on         
,froebel's ,k9d]g>t51 ) sugge/ions on   
pr9ciples & me?ods ( ,*ild ,culture 9   

diff]5t c\ntries4 #hvo1 pp4 #ghb4       
,h>t=d1 #ahha4                          
#c4ej  ,,beesau1 ,amable4 ,! ,_s (      
,education4 ,translat$ by ,mrs4 ,e4,m4  
,mc,carthy4 #afmo1 pp4 #cbe4 ,syracuse1 
#ahha4                            #a4be 
,,b]ry1 ,ada1 & ,emily ,,mi*aelis4      
,k9d]g>t5 ,songs & ,games4 #abmo4       
,london4                                
4#ge  ,,buckl&1 ,anna4 ,! ,use ( ,/ories
 9 ! ,k9d]g>t54 #abmo1 pp4 #ag4 ,new    
,york4                                  
4#bj  ---- ,! ,happ9ess ( ,*ildhood4    
#abmo1 pp4 #ba1 9 "o volume ) ! above4  
,new ,york4                             
4#ej  ,! two are repr9t$ 9 ,essays on ! 
,k9d]g>t54 bel[4  ,,c>p5t]1 ,h>vey4 ,!  
,"m's & ,k9d]g>tn]'s ,fri5d4 #abmo4     
,bo/on1 #ahhd4                          
#a4jj  ,,*ri/ie1 ,alice ,m4 ,see        
,,m>5holz-,,buel[1 ,,p]ez1 bel[4        
,,d\ai1 ,adolf4 ,! ,k9d]g>t54 ,a manual 
= ! introduction ( ,froebel's ,sy/em (  
,prim>y ,education into ,public ,s*ools2
 & = ! use ( ,mo!rs & ,private ,tea*]s4 

,) #af plates4 #abmo1 pp4 #acf4 ,new    
,york1 #ahga4                           
#a4jj  ,,dupanl\p1 ,monseigneur4 ,!     
,*ild4 ,translat$1 ) ! au?or's          
p]mission1 by ,kate ,&]son4 #abmo1 pp4  
#bfg4 ,dubl91 #ahge4          #a4ej     
,,eckh>t1 ,t4 ,die ,arbeit als          
,erziehungsmittel4 #hvo1 pp4 #bc4 ,wi51 
#ahge4  ,,essays ,,on ,,! ,,k9d]g>t53   
be+ a selection ( ,lectures read be=e ! 
,london ,froebel ,society4 #abmo1 pp4   
#adi4 ,syracuse1 #ahhi4   #a4jj  ,see   
,buckl&1 ,he]w>t1 ,hoggan1 ,%irreff4    
,,felln]1 ,a4 ,d] ,volksk9d]g>t5 und die
 ,krippe4 #abmo1 pp4 #acj4 ,wi51 #ahhd4 
,,frye1 ,alex4 ,e4 ,! ,*ild & ,nature1  
or ,geography ,tea*+ ) ,s& ,modell+4    
#abmo1 pp4 #baf4 ,hyde ,p>k1 #ahhh4     
#a4jj  ,,goldamm]1 ,h4 ,! ,k9d]g>t54 ,a 
,h&book ( ,froebel's ,me?od (           
,education1 ,gifts1 & ,occupations4 ,)  
,introduction1 etc41 by ,b>oness ,b4 von
 ,m>5holtz-,buel[4 ,translat$ by        
,william ,wright4 #hvo4 ,b]l91 #ahhb4   
#d4jj  ---- ,gymna/is*e ,spiele und     

,bildungsmittel fu] ,k9d] von #c-h      
,jahr54 #hvo1 pp4 #aie4 ,b]l91 #ahge4   
,,gurney1 ,m>y4 ,see ,,koehl]1 bel[4    
,,hailmann1 ,w4,n4 ,prim>y ,helps1 or   
,modes ( mak+ ,froebel's ,me?ods        
,available 9 ,prim>y ,s*ools4 #b;d ,ed4 
#hvo1 pp4 #eh1 ) #ae full-page          
illu/rations4 ,syracuse1 #ahhi4         
#a4jj  ---- ,f\r ,lectures on ,e>ly     
,*ild ,culture4 #afmo1 pp4 #gd4         
,milwaukee4                             
4#ej  ---- ,k9d]g>t5 ,culture 9 !       
,family & ,k9d]g>t54 ,a ,complete ,sket*
 ( ,froebel's ,sy/em ( ,e>ly ,education1
 adapt$ to ,am]ican ,in/itutions4 ,= !  
use ( ,mo!rs & ,tea*]s4 #abmo1 pp4 #aai1
 & #ab plates4 ,c9c9nati1 #ahgc4        
4#ge  ---- ,! ,k9d]g>t5 ,mess5g] & ,!   
,new ,education4 ,vols4 ,v1 ,,vi1       
complet+ ! s]ies4 #hvo1 #b vols41 pp4   
#adf1 #ahh4 ,syracuse1 #ahhb1 #hc4      
#d4jj  ---- ,prim>y ,me?ods4 ,a complete
 & me?odical pres5tation ( ! use (      
,k9d]g>t5 ,mat]ial 9 ! "w ( ! ,prim>y   
,s*ool1 unfold+ a sy/ematic c\rse (     

,manual ,tra9+ 9 connection )           
,ari?metic1 ,geometry1 ,draw+1 & o!r    
,s*ool ,/udies4 #abmo1 pp4 #aff4 ,new   
,york1 #ahhh4                           
#a4jj  ,,hailmann1 ,e4,l4 ,songs1       
,games1 & ,rhymes = ! ,k9d]g>t54 #abmo4 
,spr+field4                             
#a4ge  ,,he]w>t1 ,eleonore4 ,music = !  
,k9d]g>t54 #dto4 ,london1 #ahgg4  #a4be 
---- ,froebel's ,mutt]- und ,kose-li$]4 
#abmo1 pp4 #ah  ,! la/ is repr9t$ 9     
,essays on ! ,k9d]g>t51 above4          
,,h(fmann1 ,h4 ,k9d]g>t5 ,toys1 & ,h[ to
 ,use ,!m4 ,toronto4        4#bj  ----  
,k9d]g>t5 ,gifts4 ,new ,york4           
4#ae  ,,hoggan1 ,frances ,e4 ,on !      
,physical ,education ( ,girls4 #abmo1   
pp4 #bd4  ,?is is repr9t$ 9 ,essays on !
 ,k9d]g>t51 above4  ,,hopk9s1 ,l\isa ,p4
 ,h[ ,%all ,my ,*ild be ,taught8        
,practical ,p$agogy1 or ! ,sci5ce (     
,tea*+4 ,illu/rat$1 #abmo1 pp4 #bgf4    
,bo/on1 #ahhg4                          
#a4ej  ---- ,educational ,psy*ology4 ,a 
,treatise = ,p>5ts & ,educators4 #bdmo1 

pp4 #if4 ,bo/on1 #ahhf4                 
4#ej  ,,hubb>d1 ,cl>a4 ,m]ry ,songs &   
,games1 = ! use ( ! ,k9d]g>t54 #dto1 pp4
 #ajd4 ,/4 ,l\is1 #ahha4                
#b4jj  ,,hughes1 ,james4 ,! ,k9d]g>t53  
its ,place & ,purpose4 ,new ,york4      
4#aj  ,,jacobs1 ,j4,f4 ,manuel pratique 
des ,j>d9s d',enfants4 #dto4 ,brussels1 
#ahhj4  ,,johnson1 ,anna4 ,education by 
,do+1 or ,occupations & ,busy ,"w =     
,prim>y ,classes4 #afmo1 pp4 #aji4 ,new 
,york1 #ahhd4                  4#ge     
,,k9d]g>t5 & ! ,s*ool1 by ,f\r ,active  
,work]s4 #abmo1 pp4 #adf4 ,spr+field1   
#ahhf4                                  
#a4jj  ,,koehl]1 ,a4 ,die ,praxis des   
,k9d]g>t5s4 #dto1 #c ,vols41 ) m ?an #fj
 ,plates4 ,weim>1 #ahgh4  ---- ,! ,same1
 translat$ by ,m>y ,gurney4 ,"p ,i ,fir/
 ,gifts4 #abmo1 ,ill4 ,london1 #ahgg4   
#a4be  ,,kraus-,,boelte1 ,m>ia1 & ,,john
 ,,kraus4 ,! ,k9d]g>t5 ,guide1          
illu/rat$4 ,vol4 ,i ,! ,gifts4 ,new     
,york1 #ahhj4                    #b4ge  
---- ,! ,k9d]g>t5 & ! ,mission ( ,wom54 

,new ,york4            4#aj  ,,kriege1  
,a4,l4 ,rhymes & ,tales = ! ,k9d]g>t5 & 
,nurs]y4 #abmo1 ,new ,york4             
#a4jj  ,,laurie',s ,k9d]g>t5 ,manual4   
,new ,york4                             
4#ej  ---- ,k9d]g>t5 ,action ,songs &   
,ex]cises4 ,london4                4#ae 
,,lys*9ska1 ,m>y4 ,pr9ciples ( !        
,k9d]g>t54 ,ill41 #dto1 ,london1 #ahhj4 
#a4hj  ,,mann1 ,mrs4 ,horace4 ,see      
,,m>5holz-,,buel[1 above1 & ,,peabody1  
bel[4  ,,m>5holz-,,buel[1 ,b>oness ,b4  
von4 ,! ,*ild & ,*ild-,nature4          
,translat$ by ,alice ,m4 ,*ri/ie4 #abmo1
 pp4 #ahf4 ,syracuse1 #ahhi4     #a4jj  
---- ,! same1 translat$ z a free r5d]+ (
 ! ,g]man by ,matilda ,h4 ,kriege1 "u ! 
title ,! ,*ild1 its ,nature &           
,relations2 an elucidation ( ,froebel's 
,pr9ciples ( ,education4 #abmo1 pp4     
#adh4 ,new ,york1 #ahgb4                
#a4jj  ---- ,! ,s*ool ,"w-,%op4         
,translat$ by ,miss ,susan ,e4 ,bl[4    
#afmo1 pp4 #bg4 ,syracuse1 #ahhb4       
4#ae  ---- ,h&-"w & ,head-"w3 _!        

relation to "o ano!r4 ,translat$ by     
,alice ,m4 ,*ri/ie4 #abmo4 ,london1     
#ahhc4                #a4bj  ,,maudsley1
 ,h4 ,sex 9 ,m9d & ,education4 #afmo1   
pp4 #db4 ,syracuse1 #ahhb4              
4#ae  ,,meiklejohn1 ,j4,m4,d4 ,! ,new   
,education4 #afmo1 pp4 #ce4 ,syracuse1  
#ahha4  4#ae  ,,mey]1 ,b]?a4 ,von d]    
,wiege 8 zur ,s*ule4 #abmo1 pp4 #ahj4   
,b]l91 #ahgg4  ---- ,aids to ,family    
,gov]nm5t1 or ,f ! ,cradle to ! ,s*ool1 
accord+ to ,froebel4 ,translat$ f !     
second ,g]man ,edition4 ,to :i* has be5 
add$ an essay on ,! ,rights ( ,*ildr5 & 
,! ,true ,pr9ciples ( ,family ,gov]nm5t1
 by ,h]b]t ,sp5c]4 #afmo1 pp4 #bjh4 ,new
 ,york1 #ahgi4                          
#a4ej  ,,moore1 ,n4,a4 ,k9d]g>tn]'s     
,manual ( ,draw+ ,ex]cises = ,"y ,*ildr5
 ^u ,figures ( ,plane ,geometry4 #dto1  
pp4 #af1 & #ag ,plates4 ,spr+field4     
4#ej  ,,morg5/e91 ,l9a4 ,das ,p>adies d]
 ,k9dheit4 ,e9e ausfuhrli*e ,anleitung  
fur ,muett] und ,erzieh]9n54 ,f4        
,froebel's ,spiel-,bes*aeftigung5 9     

,haus und ,k9d]g>t54 #b;d ed4 #hvo1 pp4 
#bib4 ,leipzig1 #ahgh4  ,,mulley1 ,jane1
 & ,m4,e4 ,,tabram4 ,songs & ,games =   
our ,little ,ones4 #abmo4 ,london1      
#ahha4                                  
4#dj  ,,noa1 ,h5rietta4 ,plays = !      
,k9d]g>t53 music by ,c4,j4 ,ri*t]4      
#ahmo4 ,new ,york4                      
4#cj  ,,payne1 ,joseph4 ,froebel & !    
,k9d]g>t5 ,sy/em4 #c;d ed4 ,london1     
#ahgf4  ,n[ r>e1 b pr9t$ 9 ,lectures on 
,education1 ,syracuse1 #ahhd1 #a4jj4    
---- ,a ,visit to ,g]man ,s*ools4       
,london1 #ahgf4  ,,peabody1 ,elizabe?   
,p4 ,moral ,culture ( ,infancy1 &       
,k9d]g>t5 ,guide1 ) ,music = ! ,plays4  
,by ,mrs4 ,horace ,mann1 & ,elizabe? ,p4
 ,peabody4 #abmo1 pp4 #baf4 ,bo/on1     
#ahfc4                  #b4jj  ---- ,!  
,education ( ! ,k9d]g>tn]4 ,pittsburgh1 
#ahgb4  ---- ,! ,nurs]y3 a ,lecture4    
---- ,! ,id5tification ( ! ,artisan &   
,arti/ ! ,prop] object ( ,am]ican       
,education4  ---- ,froebel's ,k9d]g>t51 
) a lett] f ,h5ry ,b>n>d4 #abmo1 pp4    

#af4  ---- ,lectures 9 ! ,tra9+ ,s*ools 
= ,k9d]g>tn]s4 #abmo1 pp4 #bbf4         
,includes ^? on ,! ,education ( !       
,k9d]g>tn] & ,! ,nurs]y1 nam$ above4    
---- ,education 9 ! ,home1 ! ,k9d]g>t51 
& ! ,prim>y ,s*ool4 ,) an ,introduction 
by ,e4 ,adelaide ,mann+4 #abmo1 pp4     
#bbd4 ,london1 #ahhg4                   
#a4ej  ,a repr9t ( ! ,lectures 9 !      
,tra9+ ,s*ools4  ---- & ,m>y ,,mann4    
,aft] ,k9d]g>t51 :at8 ,a prim] ( ,read+ 
& ,writ+ = ! ,int]m$iate ,class1 &      
,prim>y ,s*ools g5]ally4 #abmo4 ,new    
,york4                                  
4#de  ,,p]ez1 ,b]n>d4 ,! ,fir/ ,?ree    
,ye>s ( ,*ildhood4 ,edit$ & translat$ by
 ,alice ,m4 ,*ri/ie1 ) an introduction  
by ,james ,sully4 #abmo1 pp4 #bid4      
,syracuse1 #ahhi4                       
#a4ej  ,,plays ,,& ,,songs1 = ,k9d]g>t5 
& ,family4 ,spr+field4           4#ej   
,,pollock1 ,l\isa4 ,national ,k9d]g>t5  
,manual4 #abmo1 pp4 #ahj4 ,bo/on1 #ahhi4
                                        
4#ge  ---- ,national ,k9d]g>t5 ,songs & 

,plays4 #abmo1 pp4 #gg4 ,bo/on4    4#ej 
---- ,*e]ful ,e*oes3 f ! ,national      
,k9d]g>t5 = *ildr5 f #c to #aj ye>s (   
age4 #afmo1 pp4 #gf4 ,bo/on1 #ahhh4     
4#ej  ,,prey]1 ,w4 ,! ,m9d ( ! ,*ild4   
#abmo1 #b ,vols4 ,new ,york1 #ahhh4     
#c4jj  ,,ri*>ds1 ,b4,w4 ,le>n+ & ,heal?4
 #afmo1 pp4 #ci4 ,syracuse1 #ahhb4      
4#ae  ,,ri*t]1 ,k4 ,k9d]g>t5 und ,s*ule4
 ,leipzig4  ,,ronge1 ,johann & ,b]?a4 ,a
 ,practical ,guide to ! ,engli%         
,k9d]g>t5 7,*ildr5's ,g>d571 = ! use (  
,mo!rs1 ,gov]nesses1 & ,infant ,tea*]s3 
be+ an exposition ( ,froebel's sy/em (  
,infant ,tra9+3 accompani$ by a v>iety (
 ,in/ructive & ,amus+ ,games1 ,indu/rial
 & ,gymna/ic ,ex]cises1 also ,num]\s    
,songs set to ,music1 #aa? ed4 #dto1 pp4
 #hj1 & #ga plates4 ,london1 #ahgh4     
#b4aj  ,,%irreff1 ,emily4 ,essays &     
,lectures on ! ,k9d]g>t54 ,pr9ciples (  
,froebel's ,sy/em1 & _! be>+ on ! ,high]
 ,education ( ,wom51 ,s*ools1 ,family1 &
 ,indu/rial ,life4 #abmo1 pp4 #aab4     
,syracuse1 #ahhi4                       

#a4jj  ---- ,progressive ,developm5t    
accord+ to ,froebel's ,pr9ciples4 #abmo1
 pp4 #ad4  ---- ,wa/$ ,=ces4 #abmo1 pp4 
#ag4  ---- ,! ,k9d]g>t5 9 ,relation to  
,s*ools4 #abmo1 pp4 #ah4 ,new ,york4    
4#cj  ---- ,! ,k9d]g>t5 9 ,relation to  
,family ,life4 #abmo1 pp4#ag4 ,new      
,york4                                  
4#bj  ,! la/ f\r are giv5 9 ,essays on !
 ,k9d]g>t51 above  ---- ,home ,education
 & ! ,k9d]g>t54 #abmo4 ,london1 #ahhd4  
4#ge  ---- ,! ,k9d]g>t5 at ,home4 #abmo4
 ,london1 #ahhd4                  #a4ge 
---- ,claim ( ,froebel's ,sy/em to be   
call$ ,! ,new ,education4 ,new ,york1   
#ahhb4                                  
4#aj  ---- ,essays & ,lectures 9 !      
,k9d]g>t54 ,new ,york4              4#ge
  ,,s+leton1 ,j4,e4 ,occupations &      
,occupation ,games4 #abmo1 ,london1     
#ahfe4                                  
#a4jj  ,,/eele',s ,k9d]g>t5 ,h&book4    
,new ,york4                             
4#fj  ,,/eig]',s ,k9d]g>t5 ,tracts4 #bd 
nos4 ,new ,york4                        

4#aj  ,,/raight1 ,h4,h4 ,aspects (      
,indu/rial ,education4 #hvo1 pp4 #ab4   
,syracuse1 #ahhc4                       
4#ae  ,,?ompson1 ,mrs4 ,elizabe?4       
,k9d]g>t5 ,homes1 = ,orphans & o!r      
,de/itute ,*ildr52 a new way to         
ultimately ,disp5se ) ,prisons &        
,poor-,h\ses4 #abmo1 pp4 #abh4 ,new     
,york1 #ahhb4             #a4jj  ,,web]1
 ,a4 ,die vi] er/5 ,s*uljahre 9         
,vorb9dung mit e4 ,k9d]g>t54 #hvo1 pp4  
#gj4 ,go?a4                             
4#ej  ---- ,die ,ges*i*te d]            
,volkss*ulpa$agogik und d]              
,kle9k9d]]ziehung4 #abmo1 pp4 #cci4     
,dresd51 #ahgg4  ,,wiebe1 ,e4 ,!        
,p>adise ( ,*ildhood4 ,a ,manual =      
,in/ruction 9 ,f4 ,froebel's            
,educational ,pr9ciples1 & a ,practical 
,guide to ,k9d]g>tn]s4 #dto1 pp4 #gh &  
#gd plates4 ,spr+field4                 
#b4jj  ---- ,! ,p>adise ( ,*ildhood3 a  
manual ( in/ruction & a practical guide 
to ,k9d]g>tn]s4 #dto1 #gd plates4       
,london1 #ahhh4    #d4jj  ---- ,songs1  

,music1 & ,movem5t ,plays4 ,spr+field4  
#b4be  ,,wigg9s',s ,k9d]g>t5 ,*imes4    
,spr+field4                             
#a4ej  ,,wiltsie',s ,/ories = ,k9d]g>t5s
 & ,prim>y ,s*ools4 ,bo/on4     4#cj    
,all books ( :i* prices are giv5 may be 
_h ( ! publi%] ( ?is volume4            
,,index4   ,a>on to ,froebel's ,moses   
#ach ,activity at ,yv]don               
#gh ,actor1 life ( an                   
#bf ,adv5ti/s1 doctr9e (                
#ab ,a,esthetic s5se                    
#da ,agriculturali/1 life ( an          
#bd1 #adj ,aim ( educational "w         
#aa ,albums1 s5tim5ts 9                 
#di1 #ej ,alex&] ,i4 s5ds = ,pe/alozzi  
#ed ,amrhyn1 ,h]r                       
#ace ,ante-,d>w9ian !ories              
#ca ,aphorisms                          
#ada ,arabic1 /udy (                    
#he ,ar*itecture z a pr(ession          
#de1 #df1 #dh1 #ej1 #ea1 #ajh1 #ada     
,ar*itectural ef=ts                     
#da ,ari?metic1 tea*+ (                 
#bj1 #ee1 #ei1 #fa1 #ii1 #ajf ----      

philosophy (                            
#ajj ,arndt1 ,erne/ ,moritz             
#de ---- ,fragm5ts ( ,culture           
#fb ,art1 /udy (                        
#cd1 #dj ,art ( tea*+                   
#bd ,a/ronomy                           
#hf1 #aje ,attire1 peculi>ities (       
#aje ,augsburg ,confession              
#ej ,au/ria int]e/$ 9 ,pe/alozzi        
#ed  ,ba* a ,cantor                     
#g ,baireu?                             
#db1 #adj ,bamb]g1 life at              
#ch1 #dg1 #adj ,b>op1 ,johannes ,arnold 
#b1 #af1 #abd1 #ach1 #adj1 #ada1 #adb   
---- ,critical ,mom5ts                  
#abg-acg ,bats*1 ,a4,j4,g4              
#ca ,bau]1 ,h]r                         
#ib1 #ic1 #ajj ,belief 9 himself        
#abf ,b]l91 life at                     
#hi1 #ie1 #ajj1 #aaa1 #aba1 #ada1 #adb  
,b]n                                    
#ic ---- ,lange?al's s*ool at           
#acg ,b]ry1 ,mrs4                       
#adc1 #adg ,be/ fri5d1 ,froebel's       
#ic1 #id ,bible biographies             

#ec ---- 9 s*ools                       
#h ,bible ( ,education                  
#fc ,bir? ( ,froebel                    
#c1 #d1 #adj ,bi%op1 ,miss1 appo9t$     
,london lectur]                         
#adc ,biv\ac life agreeable             
#id ,blank5burg                         
#acg1 #adb1 #add ,bo>d+-s*ool life      
#ah ,book-keep+                         
#dc ,botany1 love (                     
#be1 #bg1 #ca1 #ef1 #fj ,br&5burg1 ,m>k 
(                                       
#ib ,briti% & ,=eign ,s*ool ,society    
#adc1 #add ,bro!rs ( ,froebel4 ,see     
,froebel1 bel[4 ,burgdorf1 ,orphanage at
                            #ic1 #ace1  
#acf1 #acg1 #adb  ,cantor               
#g ,c>l1 ,h]r                           
#abd1 #adb ,c>us1 ,pr(essor             
#ch ,*>act]i/ics 9 boyhood              
#g ,*emi/ry                             
#cj1 #hg1 #hh ---- organic              
#hh ,*eve sy/em ( s++                   
#ef ,*ild's ne$ ( con/ruction           
#gg ,crisp9e1 ,erne/9e                  

#abc ,*ri/ian education ess5tial        
#abj ---- family life                   
#g ---- =ms                             
#gd ,*ri/mas at ,keilhau                
#ada ,*ur* & s*ool                      
#h1 #ai ---- att5dance                  
#aj ,class divisions ela/ic             
#ed ,classical education                
#hd ---- tea*+                          
#ii ,come let u live ) !m               
#fi ,com5ius                            
#ajc ,comet ( #ahaa                     
#hf ,commission ( #ahaj                 
#hj ,companion%ip                       
#dd ,compreh5siv5ess ess5tial           
#hj ,conditions ( tutor%ip              
#ff ,conf9em5t 9 boyhood                
#f ,confirmation                        
#bb ,congress ( tea*]s at ,rudol/adt    
#adb ---- at ,go?a                      
#adb ---- at ,salzung5                  
#adc ,con/ruction ess5tial to a *ild    
#gg ,cont9uation ( ! acc\nt ( ,keilhau  
#ada ,contradiction1 life fre$ f        
#ajh ,cosmical developm5t               

#hi ,crisis at ,yv]don                  
#hj ,croydon ,k9d]g>t5                  
#adc ,cry/als a witness ( life          
#aab ,cry/allography                    
#hi1 #ig ,culture1 ,froebel's plan (    
#ajg ---- 8 own insuffici5t             
#aji  ,dea? ( ,froebel                  
#ic1 #adc ---- ( 8 fa!r                 
#ch ---- ( 8 fir/ wife                  
#adb ,developm5t1 analysis to syn!sis   
#aah ---- ( be+1 laws (                 
#aab ---- vs4 memoriz+                  
#aaf ,devotes himself to /udy (         
education                               
#ih ,dewitz1 ,h]r von                   
#db1 #dc1 #de1 #adj ,di>y begun         
#cf ,die/]weg                           
#aci ,div9e wor%ip at home              
#g1 #aj ,doreck1 ,miss                  
#add ,draw+1 /udy (                     
#bh1 #ee1 #fa1 #fb ,dresd5              
#ia1 #adb1 #adc ,duration ( ! _w        
#ac  ,e>li] & lat] life comp>$          
#af ,e>ly education                     
#c ---- m5tal /ruggles                  

#ad1 #af ,education ad hoc              
#bc ---- aim (                          
#aa ---- z an object                    
#eh ---- at ,j5a                        
#bh ---- 9 relation%ips                 
#gj ---- purpose (                      
#fi ---- rea*es beyond life             
#aai ,education ( ,man                  
#a1 #gf1 #aag1 #ada1 #ade ,educator &   
tea*]                                   
#fh ,en]gy 9 play                       
#ba ---- 9 rocks                        
#ig ,engl&1 fir/ k9d]g>t5 9             
#adc ,ephors                            
#ba ,escape f cr$itors                  
#abh ,ex*ange classes                   
#ed ,expression ( ?\ght difficult       
#gc ,eyes1 defici5t p[] (               
#cj  ,family ,j\rnal ( ,education       
#aag1 #ada1 #adb ,family ties           
#dd1 #hc ,fa!r ( ,froebel4 ,see         
,froebel1 ,johann ,jacob4 ---- & "m     
#aah ,fa!rl& vs4 mo!rl&                 
#ij ,fi*te                              
#aaf1 #abc ,f9ancial difficulties       

#cc1 #dg1 #ajf1 #abg1 #abh ,fir/        
consci\sness ( self                     
#i ---- grasp ( ! ^w ,,k9d]g>t5         
#acg ---- idea ( a s*ool ( 8 own        
#fh ---- "w z a tea*]                   
#eg ,foll[+ ,nature 9 geography         
#fa ,=esight ( vocation z a tea*]       
#ajh ,=e/ry-appr5tice                   
#bd ,=m-developm5t                      
#ih ,=m fix$ = language                 
#ih ,=ms1 /udy (                        
#ge1 #gf ,=/]1 ,johann ,georg           
#id ---- ,rh9e ,travels                 
#id1 #aba ,francke's ,pa$agogium        
#ee ,frankfurt1 life at                 
#dg1 #ej1 #eg1 #ada1 #adb ---- ,model   
,s*ool                                  
#eg ,fr5*1 /udy (                       
#fd ,froebel1 tempor>y *ange ( "n       
#df ---- family ---- ,johann ,jacob1 !  
,fa!r                         #c1 #d1   
#f1 #ag1 #ai1                           
#ba1 #bf1 #bg1 #bh1 #cc1 #cd1 #cj1 #cg1 
#ch1 #dc1 #adj   ,bro!rs4 ---- ,augu/us 
#c1 #cb ---- ,*ri/oph                   

#c1 #ab1             #ac1 #ae1 #bc1 #bf1
 #bg1 #cb1 #cf1 #dg1 #di1 #fe1 #fh1 #hc1
 #hg1 #aac1 #abb   ---- ,8 wid[         
misund]/&s ,froebel                     
#abb ---- ,julius ,k>l ,!odor           
#c1 #d ---- ,*ri/ian ,ludwig      #d1   
#hg1 #aac1 #aba1 #abd1 #abg1 #abh1 #adj1
 #ada1 #adb ---- ,traugott              
#d1 #bc1 #bh1 #cb1 #cc ---- ,k>l ,poppo 
#d1 #ajd   ,nephews4 ---- ,f]d9&        
#aac1 #aba1 #aca1 #acf1 #acg1 #adb ---- 
,wilhelm                                
#aac1 #aba ---- ,julius                 
#aad1 #abb ---- ,k>l                    
#aad1 #abb   ,nieces4 ---- ,alb]t9e     
,midd5dorf                              
#abd1 #adj ---- ,emilie ,b>op           
#abd1 #adj1 #adc ---- ,elise ,s*affn]   
#abd1 #ada1 #adb ---- ,luise1 ,madame   
#adc ,froebel ,society                  
#a1 #add ,froebel's /yle z an au?or     
#a1 #aag ,froehli*                      
#acg  ,games                            
#ace ---- a m5tal ba?                   
#hb ,g>d5+                              

#f1 #ga ,geography1 tea*+ (             
#fj ,geology                            
#hh1 #ig ,geometry                      
#bd1 #be1 #bi1 #ce ,g]man bro!rhood     
#ij ---- l& & p                         
#ie ---- language tea*+                 
#ef ---- lit]ature                      
#ce ,g]man education                    
#aad ,gifts1 fir/ sugge/ion (           
#ge ,gir>d1 ,abbe                       
#acd ,girls' s*ool at ,ob]weissba*      
#h1 #i ,godlike n alone 9 ! great       
#ig ,godmo!r ( ,froebel                 
#gc ,goe!                               
#ce ,go?a1 congress ( tea*]s at         
#adb ,goett+51 life at                  
#hd1 #ig1 #ajc1 #aaa1 #ada ,goettl+     
#cj ,gov]nm5t (fices                    
#bc1 #ch1 #ie ,gramm>1 /udy (           
#fd ,gramm>ians at odds                 
#fd ,greek1 /udy (                      
#hd1 #he ,grey1 ,mrs4 ,william          
#add ,grie%eim                          
#abb1 #abd1 #ada ,gross-,mil*[          
#db1 #adj ,grun]1 ,h]r                  

#ea1 #ec1 #eh1 #fc1 #ff1 #aji1 #ada ----
 book on ,pe/alozzian me?ods            
#eb ,gurney1 ,m>y                       
#add1 #adg1 #adi ,gymna/ic ,ex]cises    
#ace  ,halie                            
#de ,hamburg                            
#ach1 #adb1 #adc ,h>d5burg1 ,pr9ce      
#ed ,h>moni\s developm5t                
#ee ,h>nis*                             
#aah ,havelb]g                          
#ib1 #ic1 #aba ,hazel-buds ! clue (     
,ariadne                                
#ab ,hebrew1 /udy (                     
#he ,he]w>t1 ,eleonore                  
#adc1 #add1 #adg ,hegel                 
#aaf ---- 8 =mulae adopt$               
#aac ,helba1 ,national ,in/itution at   
#af1 #ajb1 #abi1 #ada ,hell1 belief 9   
#aa1 #acc ,h]mes                        
#g ,high] me?ods ( tea*+                
#ih ,hildburghaus5                      
#cg1 #adj ,hi/ory                       
#hh ,h(fmann1 ,h]r                      
#ag1 #ba1 #dc1 #dd1 #adj1 #ada ,h(fman1 
,!dor                                   

#adb ,h(fmei/]1 ,h5rietta ,wilhelm9e    
#abc1 #adj ,holzhaus51 ,h]r von         
#aaj1 #ada ---- ,madame von             
#aaj1 #aab ,home ( ,froebel             
#f1 #bb1 #bg1 #bh ---- ab&on$           
#ae1 #ce ---- life                      
#ba1 #bb ,hopf                          
#ef1 #fi  ,id5tities & analogies s\ght  
out                                     
#ajg ,iffl&'s ,huntsman                 
#bf ,illusions h a true side            
#ac ,impressions ( ,pe/alozzi           
#ed ,imprison$ = debt                   
#cc1 #adj ,individual life key to !     
univ]sal                                
#af ,inn] mean+ ( ! v[els               
#ii ,inn] law & ord]                    
#hg ,in/rum5tal music d]iv$ f vocal     
#hb ,introspection a *>act]i/ic         
#d1                               #aa1  
#be1 #df1 #di1 #ef1 #gb1 #ajc1 #ajd1    
#aji1 #aae ,isis                        
#ajb1 #aag ,isolation ( ,froebel        
#d1 #e1 #ia1 #ajg  ,jahn                
#abj ,j5a1 life at                      

#bh1 #aje1 #ach1 #adj ,jesus ,*ri/1     
education bas$ on                       
#abj ,j\rnal ( ,education               
#aag1 #ada1 #adb ,j\rnal = ,froebel's   
,educational ,aims                      
#adb ,joy ( tea*+                       
#eh ,jussieu's ,botany                  
#ca  ,kant                              
#aaf ,keilhau1 life at                  
#af1 #ajb1 #ajc1 #aag1 #ace1 #ada1 #adc 
,k9d]g>t5 occupations                   
#abi ,k ( self ?r\gh objects            
#ig ,ko]n] 9 ! ,wilde ,s*a>             
#ia ,krause1 ,c>l ,c4,f4                
#ajb1 #ajc1 #aaf ---- lett] to          
#b1 #ajc-abe1 #ada ,kruesi              
#ee  ,lange1 ,wi*>d                     
#ajb1 #ach1 #add1 #ade ---- editor (    
,family ,j\rnal                         
#ach ---- editor ( ,froebel's ,works    
#c1 #cb1 #ach ,lange?al1 ,he9ri*        
#ia1                #ic1 #ajj1 #aja1    
#abj1 #abb1 #abc1 #abd1 #acg1 #adj1     
#ada1 #adb1 #add ,language1 philosophy (
                                        

#ha1 #ii ---- tea*+ (                   
#ei1 #fd1 #ha1 #hd1 #he ,lat91 /udy (   
#bj1 #bc1 #cd1 #hd ,legacies            
#hf1 #abc ,leipzig                      
#ia ,leonh>di                           
#ajc ,lessons f ,nature's tra9+         
#gb ,lett] to ! ,duke ( ,me9+5          
#b1 #c-aja1 #ada ---- to ,krause        
#ajb-abe1 #ada1 #adf ,levana            
#gj ,lieb5/e91 life at                  
#adb ,life z a connect$ :ole            
#ajd ,life1 w1 und]/&+                  
#aah ,lilies1 va9 se>* =                
#if ,london ,k9d]g>t5 ,college          
#add ,love ( ,nature4 ,see ,nature1 love
 (4 ,lu!r1 ,m>t9                        
#ej ,luetz[1 ,b>on von                  
#ia1 #ada  ,man*e/] ,k9d]g>t5           
,association                            
#adc ,mank9d z "o great unity           
#hd ,mann] 9 tea*+                      
#ba ,mann+1 ,miss                       
#add ,manual tra9+ at ,helba            
#aba ,map-draw+                         
#ci1 #fa ,mappe du ,monde ,litt]aire    

#cf ,m>5holz-,buel[1 ,b>oness von       
#gc1 #adb1 #adc1 #adf1 #adi ,m>i5?al    
#adb1 #adc ,m>qu>t1 ,dr4                
#adc ---- ,madame                       
#adc ,ma/] ( ! girls' s*ool             
#g ,ma!matics                           
#bg ,matrimony                          
#aa ,me*anical p[]s1 !                  
#cj ,meckl5burg                         
#db1 #dd ,me9+51 ,duke (                
#ajb1 #abi1 #acj ---- ,lett] to         
#b1 #c-aja1 #ada1 #adb1 #adf ,meiss5    
#ib1 #abj ,memoriz+ ( rules vs4         
developm5t                         #ee1 
#aji1 #aaf ,m5s*5 ,erziehung            
#a1 #gf1 #aag1 #ada1 #ade ,m5tal        
/ruggles                                
#fe ,metaphysics                        
#dj1 #aah ,me?ods ( ,education          
#ii ,mi*aelis1 ,mme4                    
#adc1 #adf1 #adg ,midd5dorf1 ,wilhelm   
#ib1 #ic1 #id1 #ajj1 #aja1 #ajc1 #abj1  
#aba1 #abb1 #abc1               #abd1   
#abg1 #abh1 #ace1 #acf1 #acg1 #ach1     
#aci1 #adj1 #ada1 #adb1 #adc ,m9]alogy  

#cj1 #hg1 #hi ---- pr(essor%ip decl9$   
#aab ,misappreh5sion ( ,froebel's       
motives                                 
#af ,model ,s*ool at ,frankfurt         
#ea ,moon/ruck1 ,froebel s consid]$     
#aje ,moral influ5ce ( ! tea*]          
#fj1 #hc ---- pride                     
#e ,"m ( ,froebel                       
#c1 #dd1 #gb ,mo!rs' ,songs             
#gf1 #ade ,mugge1 ,johanna ,c>ol9e      
#adj ,mutt]- & ,koseli$]                
#gf1 #ade ,naegeli                      
#ha ---- & ,pfeif]'s ,musical ,c\rse    
#ha ,"n tempor>ily *ang$                
#df ,napoleonic w>s                     
#ia1 #ada ---- reaction f               
#abg ,natural hi/ory                    
#ca1 #cb1 #ef1 #hg ,natural ,hi/ory     
,society at ,j5a                        
#cb ,nature1 communion )                
#ai ---- love (   #bd1 #ca1 #ch1 #dc1   
#dh1 #ga1 #gd1 #hb1 #hj1 #id1 #if1 #ajd1
 #aje1 #ajg ---- z an educator          
#ga ,nature's "w vs4 man's              
#fi ,nature-,temple                     

#ab ,nephews ( ,froebel4 ,see ,froebel1 
,f]d9&1 etc4 ,ne!rl&s1 ,froebel 9 !     
#ie ,neuh(                              
#bd1 #adj ,nieces ( ,froebel4 ,see      
,froebel1 ,alb]t9e1 etc4 ,ni$]]         
#eg ,note-tak+                          
#cj ,novalis's ,works                   
#de ,numb] horizontally relat$          
#ii  ,ob]falz                           
#db ,ob]weissba*                        
#c1 #aje ,object-tea*+                  
#fi ,ok51 ,lor5z                        
#ajb1 #aaf ---- ,isis                   
#ajb ,on ,g]man ,education              
#ada ,on ! ,univ]sal ,g]man ,education  
at ,keilhau                       #ada  
,ori5tal tongues1 /udy (                
#he ,orphanage at ,burgdorf             
#ic1 #ace1 #acf1 #acg1 #adb ,or?odox    
!ology                                  
#aj1 #aa1 #ac1 #ad ,or?ography          
#fb  ,pa$agogik                         
#gf ,pa$agogium at ,halle               
#de ,pap]1 prick+ (1 sugge/$            
#ge1 #gf ,payne1 ,joseph                

#add1 #aej ,p]mutations ( numb]s        
#ajf ,p]rault1 ,m4                      
#fd ,p]sian language1 /udy (            
#he ,p]sonal *>act]i/ics ( ,froebel     
#ac1 #ad1 #ae1 #fc1 #fg1 #ajd1 #aaa1    
#abf ---- ( ,pe/alozzi                  
#aaa ,pe/alozzi                  #bj1   
#ea-ed1 #eg1 #ei1 #fi1gj1 #gg-ha1 #hc1  
#hi1 #ada ---- aims contra/$ )          
,froebel's                   #aaa1 #aaf1
 #abi1 #acf ---- ,bu* d] ,matt]         
#acf ---- ,e9]tabelle                   
#ei ---- g5]al addresses                
#hc ---- s*ool4 ,see ,yv]don4 ,pfyff]1  
,edu>d                                  
#ha1 #acd1 #ace ,philology1 /udy (      
#bb1 #he1 #ih1 #aaa ,philosophy1 dang] (
                                        
#dj ,physical backw>dness               
#ah ---- con/itution                    
#ia ---- education                      
#gd ---- geography                      
#bj1 #ee ,physics                       
#bi1 #hg1 #hh1 #hi ,physiography        
#fj1 #fa ,plamann s*ool                 

#hi ,plans = life-"w                    
#bc ,play a subject ( /udy              
#hb ---- = s*ool boys                   
#fj ---- influ5ce (                     
#gf ,political economy                  
#he ,politics                           
#hh ,portugall1 ,b>oness ,adele von     
#adc ,positive in/ruction               
#ee ,praetori\s1 ,miss                  
#adc ,prick+ pap] sugge/$               
#ge ---- philosophy (                   
#gf ,pr9ciples1 ,aims1 & ,inn] ,life    
#ada ,private tutor%ip                  
#ei ,pr(essor%ip decl9$                 
#aab ,pronunciation                     
#fc1 #fd ,prophetic s5tim5ts            
#di ,proes*ke's ,fragm5ts               
#de ,prussian1 ,froebel n a             
#ij ,public s*ool-exam9ation            
#acd ,purpose ( education               
#fi  ,quittelsdorf                      
#ajb  ,reaction f ,napoleonic w>s       
#abf ,read+1 tea*+ (                    
#g1 #ef ,recognition by o!rs            
#cb ,relation%ip1 education 9           

#gj ,religi\s exp]i5ces                 
#h1 #i1 #ai1 #ba1 #be1 #ce1 #gd ----    
in/ruction                              
#gd1 #hj1 #aai ---- p]secution          
#acc ,repulsion to m5ial s]vice         
#bc ,rh5is*e ,blaett]                   
#aci ,rh9e1 ,froebel crosses !          
#ie ,ri*t]1 ,jean ,paul                 
#gj ,rigidity 9 tea*+                   
#fb ,rocks a mirror ( mank9d            
#ig ,ronge1 ,madame                     
#adc1 #aea ,r\sseau's sy/em ( s++       
#ef ,rudol/adt                          
#aag1 #adb ---- ,pr9ce (                
#ajb1 #ach ---- ,pr9cess ,reg5t (       
#gh1 #hj1 #ada  ,samuel ,la:ill         
#bb ,sanskrit1 /udy (                   
#he ,s*affn]1 ,siegfri$                 
#abd ,s*ell+                            
#aaf ---- s*ool (                       
#dj ,s*ill]                             
#ce ,s*lei]ma*]                         
#abc ,s*midt1 ,c>l                      
#adc ,s*midt1 ,josias                   
#ee ---- qu>rels ) ,ni$]]               

#eg ,s*nyd]                             
#acj1 #adb ,s*op5hau]1 ,ar?ur           
#aag ,s*rad]1 ,madame                   
#adc ,s*w>tzburg-,rudol/adt             
#c ,sci5tific extracts                  
#cf ,scribbl+ di/a/eful                 
#cf ,self-consci\sness                  
#e1 #aa ,self-developm5t becomes        
objective                               
#ei ,self-discipl9e                     
#ba ,seil]1 ,george ,fr$]ick            
#gj ,s5ses ex]cis$                      
#aj ,set =ms 9 tea*+                    
#fb ,sex-life 9 plants                  
#ab ,sexual conditions                  
#aa1 #ab ,%irreff1 ,emily               
#add1 #adf1 #aea1 #aeb ,s++             
#ef1 #ha ,skeleton ( man z type         
#ca ,soldi]1 ,froebel z a               
#ia-if1 #aaa1 #add ,sonntags-,blatt1    
articles 9                              
#gf ,s\l-cultivation                    
#g ---- em]g+ f *rysalis                
#di ,s\nd me?od f fundam5tal pr9ciple   
#ajf ,special education                 

#bc1 #aae ,spee*-tones                  
#ih ,spell+1 tea*+ (                    
#bj ,spiritual endeavor at ,yv]don4 ,see
 ,religi\s exp]i5ces4 ---- exp]i5ces    
#ai ,/adt-,ilm                          
#ah1 #dd ,/ep-bro!r ( ,froebel          
#ae ,/ep-"m ( ,froebel                  
#d1 #e1 #bg1 #cc ,/imulation at ,yv]don 
#gi ,/ockwell ,k9d]g>t5 ,college        
#adc ,/one-language                     
#aj ,/urm                               
#g ,/yle ( ,froebel's writ+             
#a1 #aag ,subject vs4 object            
#df ,sunday ,j\rnal                     
#adb ,survey+1 /udy (                   
#ci1 #dj1 #da ,symbols to ! inn] eye    
#aaa  ,tak+ sides                       
#ac ,tea*] 9 ! ,plamann ,s*ool          
#hi ---- requirem5ts ( a                
#fe ,tea*]s' in/itutes at ,burgdorf     
#acf ,tea*+ sugge/$                     
#ea ,tea*+-plan ( ,pe/alozzi            
#ed ,! ,education ( ! ,future           
#adc ,! ,new ,education an anti!sis     
#aaf ,! ,new ,ye> #ahcf dem&s a ,r5ewal 

( ,life                        #adb     
,!atrical p]=mances                     
#bf1 #cc ,!ological disputations        
#ac ,?ird p]son 9 address               
#e ,?\1 ! ,g]man                        
#e ,?ur+ian =e/1 !                      
#c ,to ! ,g]man ,p                      
#ada ,tobl]                             
#ef1 #fi ,translators1 aims ( !         
#a ,tru/ee ( ,froebel's prop]ty         
#bh1 #cc  ,uck]m>k1 !                   
#dh ,uncle ( ,froebel4 ,see ,h(fman1    
,h]r4 ,unconsci\s tuition               
#i ---- weal? ( y\?                     
#ga ,unity                              
#fi1 #gj ---- f cla%+ ph5om5a           
#aje ---- 9 ,nature                     
#ih ---- lack+ at ,yv]don               
#gi ---- ( natural objects              
#hf ---- ( ! univ]se                    
#hi ,univ]sal ,g]man education          
#aad1 #ada ,univ]sities neglect ,froebel
                                        
#aag  ,vivacity ( e>ly impulses         
#g ,vold]sdorf1 ,h]r von                

#db1 #adj ,von ,dewitz                  
#db1 #dc1 #de1 #adj ---- ,holzhaus51    
,madame                                 
#aaj1 #aab1 #ada ---- ,luetz[1 ,b>on    
#ia1 #ada ---- ,m>5holz-,buel[          
#gc1 #adb1 #adc ---- ,portugall1        
,b>oness ,adele                         
#adc ---- ,vold]sdorf                   
#db1 #adj ,v[els1 inn] mean+ (          
#ii ---- vs4 consonants                 
#ih  ,walks ) pupils                    
#fj1 #hb ,w>tburg1 !                    
#ej1 #ajh ,w>t5see1 !                   
#acj1 #aca1 #adb ,0 ,*ri/ ,ca?olic or   
,prote/ant8                             
#acd ,web]'s ,wilde ,jagd               
#ia ,weim>1 ,gr& ,duke (                
#adb1 #adc ,weiss1 ,pr(4                
#hi1 #ie ,wi*>d's ,froebel              
#gh ,wiel&                              
#ce ,wife fir/ ( ,froebel               
#abc1 #ada ,willisau1 s*ool a           
#ic1 #ace-acg1 #adb ,w9ckelmann's       
,lett]s on ,art                         
#cd ,wollweid]1 ,dr4                    

#de ,works writt5 by ,froebel           
#aag1 #ada1 #ade1 #adf ,yv]don1         
,pe/alozzi's s*ool at                   
#bj1 #ec-eg1 #gg-hd1 #ada ---- lack (   
unity1 etc                              
#hc ---- wav]+ ( gr\nd pr9ciples        
#hd  ,z5davi/a                          
#ce ,zollik(]                           
#g