,,! ,,pleasures ,,( ,,engl&4  ,,lectures
 ,,giv5 ,,9 ,,ox=d4  ,,by  ,,john       
,,rusk91 ,d4,c4,l41 ,,ll4,d41  ,,honor>y
 ,,/ud5t ,,( ,,*ri/ ,,*ur*1 ,,&         
,,honor>y ,,fell[ ,,( ,,corpus-,,*ri/i  
,,college4  ,,dur+ ,,8  ,,second ,,t5ure
 ,,( ,,! ,,slade ,,pr(essor%ip4    ,,new
 ,,york3 ,,john ,,wiley ,,& ,,sons4     
#ahhh4         99       99       99     
99       99    ,,cont5ts   ,,lecture ,i4
  ,,! ,,pleasures ,,( ,,le>n+4 ,b]?a to 
,osburga #e   ,,lecture ,,ii4  ,,!      
,,pleasures ,,( ,,fai?4 ,alfr$ to !     
,confessor #ca   ,,lecture ,,iii4  ,,!  
,,pleasures ,,( ,,de$4 ,alfr$ to ,coeur 
de ,lion #fa   ,,lecture ,,iv4  ,,!     
,,pleasures ,,( ,,fancy4 ,coeur de ,lion
 to ,elizabe? #ia         99       99   
99       99       99     ,,lecture ,i4  
,,! ,,pleasures ,,( ,,le>n+4  ,,b]?a    
,,to ,,osburga4   ,9 ! %ort review ( !  
pres5t /ate ( ,engli% ,art1 giv5 y la/  
ye>1 ,i left necess>ily _m po9ts unt\*$1
 & o!rs unexpla9$4 ,! sev5? lecture1 :i*
 ,i did n ?9k x necess>y to read al\d1  

furni%$ y ) "s ( ! corrective /atem5ts (
 :i*1 :e!r spok5 or n1 x 0 extremely    
desirable t y %\ld e/imate ! balanc+    
weight4 ,^! ,i propose 9 ! pres5t c\rse 
f>!r to illu/rate1 & to arrive ) y at1  
,i hope1 a j--y w\ld n wi% x to be a    
flatt]+--e/imate ( ! conditions ( our   
,engli% arti/ic life1 pa/ & pres5t1 9   
ord] t ) due all[ance = !m we may       
det]m9e1 ) "s security1 :at ^? ( u :o h 
faculty ought to d1 & ^? :o h           
s5sibility1 to admire4  #b4 ,9 ?us      
rightly do+ & feel+1 y w f9d summ$ a    
wid] duty1 & grant$ a great] p[]1 ?an ! 
moral philosophy at ?is mom5t curr5t ) y
 has ev] conceiv$2 & a prospect op5$ to 
y besides1 ( su* a ,future = ,engl& z y 
may bo? hopefully & pr\dly lab\r = ) y\r
 h&s1 & ^? ( y :o are sp>$ to ! ord9>y  
t]m ( human life1 ev5 see ) y\r eyes1 :5
 all ?is tumult ( va9 av>ice & idle     
pleasure1 into :i* y h be5 plung$ at    
bir?1 %all h pass$ into its appo9t$     
p]dition4  #c4 ,i wi% t y w\ld read =   
introduction to ! lectures ,i h ?is ye> 

arrang$ = y1 t on ! ,future ( ,engl&1   
:i* ,i gave to ! cadets at ,woolwi* 9 ! 
fir/ ye> ( my ,pr(essor%ip "h1 #ahfi2 & 
:i* is n[ plac$ z ! ma9 conclusion ( !  
,cr[n ( ,wild ,olive3 & ) x1 v          
att5tively1 ! close ( my inaugural      
lecture giv5 "h2 = ! matt]1 no less ?an 
! t5or ( :i*1 ,i 0 reprov$ by all my    
fri5ds1 z irrelevant & ill-judg$2--:i*1 
nev]!less1 is ( all ! pieces ( tea*+ ,i 
h ev] giv5 f ?is *air1 ! mo/ pregnant & 
ess5tial to :atev] /udies1 :e!r ( ,art  
or ,sci5ce1 y may pursue1 9 ?is place or
 else:]e1 dur+ y\r lives4  ,! op5+ words
 ( t passage ,i w take leave to read to 
y aga91--= !y mu/ /ill be ! gr\nd (     
:atev] help ,i c give y1 wor? y\r       
acceptance4  ,!re is a de/9y n[ possible
 to u--! highe/ ev] set be=e a nation to
 be accept$ or refus$4 ,we are /ill     
undeg5]ate 9 race3 a race m+l$ ( ! be/  
nor!rn blood4 ,we are n yet dissolute 9 
temp]1 b /ill h ! firmness to gov]n1 & !
 grace to obey4 ,we h be5 taught a      
religion ( pure m]cy1 :i* we mu/ ei!r n[

 f9ally betray1 or le>n to def5d by     
fulfill+4 ,& we are ri* 9 an inh]itance 
( hon\r1 bequea!d to u ?r\gh a ?\s& ye>s
 ( noble hi/ory1 :i* x %\ld be our daily
 ?ir/ to increase ) spl5did av>ice2 s t 
,engli%m51 if x be a s9 to covet hon\r1 
%\ld be ! mo/ (f5d+ s\ls alive4 ,)9 !   
la/ few ye>s we h _h ! laws ( natural   
sci5ce op5$ to u ) a rapidity :i* has   
be5 bl9d+ by its brightness2 & means (  
transit & communication giv5 to u1 :i* h
 made b "o k+dom ( ! habitable globe4   
,"o k+dom2--b :o is to be its k+8 ,is   
!re to be no k+ 9 x1 ?9k y1 & e man to d
 t :i* is "r 9 8 own eyes8 ,or only k+s 
( t]ror1 & ! obsc5e empires ( ,mammon & 
,belial8 ,or w y1 y\?s ( ,engl&1 make   
y\r c\ntry aga9 a royal ?rone ( k+s2 a  
sceptr$ isle2 = all ! _w a s\rce (      
light1 a c5tre ( peace2 mi/ress ( ,le>n+
 & ( ! ,arts2--fai?ful gu>dian ( great  
memories 9 ! mid/ ( irrev]5t & ephem]al 
visions--fai?ful s]vant ( "t-tri$       
pr9ciples1 "u temptation f fond         
exp]im5ts & lic5ti\s desires2 & amid/ ! 

cruel & clamor\s jeal\sies ( ! nations1 
wor%ipp$ 9 h] /range val\r1 ( goodwill  
t[>ds m58  ,! fifte5 ye>s t h pass$ s9ce
 ,i spoke ^! words mu/1 ,i ?9k1 h       
conv9c$ "s ( my imm$iate he>]s t ! ne$ =
 su* an appeal 0 m press+ ?an !y !n     
imag9$2--:ile !y h also m & m conv9c$ me
 myself t ! gr\nd ,i took = x 0 secure1 
& t ! y\?s & girls n[ ent]+ on ! duties 
( active life are able to accept &      
fulfil ! hope ,i !n held out to !m4  ,9 
:i* assurance ,i ask !m to-day to beg9 !
 exam9ation ) me1 v e>ne/ly1 ( ! "q laid
 be=e y 9 t sev5? ( my la/ ye>'s        
lectures1 :e!r ,london1 z x is n[1 be   
inde$ ! natural1 & !re=e ! heav5-appo9t$
 outgr[? ( ! inhabitation1 ^! #ahjj     
ye>s1 ( ! valley ( ! ,?ames by a        
progressively in/ruct$ & discipl9$ p2 or
 if n1 9 :at measure & mann] ! aspect & 
_s ( ! great city may be possibly alt]$ 
by y\r acts & ?\ghts4  ,9 my            
introduction to ! ,economi/ ( ,x5ophon  
,i said t e fairly educat$ ,european boy
 or girl ought to le>n ! hi/ory ( five  

cities1--,a!ns1 ,rome1 ,v5ice1 ,flor5ce1
 & ,london2 t ( ,london includ+1 or at  
lea/ compell+ 9 p>allel /udy1 k also ( !
 hi/ory ( ,p>is4  ,a few words are en\gh
 to expla9 ! reasons = ?is *oice4 ,!    
hi/ory ( ,a!ns1 rightly told1 includes  
all t ne$ be kn[n ( ,greek religion &   
arts2 t ( ,rome1 ! victory ( ,*ri/ianity
 ov] ,paganism2 ^? ( ,v5ice & ,flor5ce  
sum ! ess5tial facts respect+ ! ,*ri/ian
 arts ( ,pa9t+1 ,sculpture1 & ,music2 & 
t ( ,london1 9 h] si/]hood ) ,p>is1 !   
developm5t ( ,*ri/ian ,*ivalry &        
,philosophy1 ) _! expon5t art ( ,go?ic  
ar*itecture4  ,)\t ! presumption ( =m+ a
 di/9ct design1 ,i yet hop$ at ! "t :5  
?is division ( /udy 0 sugge/$1 ) ! help 
( my pupils1 to give ! outl9es ( _!     
sev]al hi/ories dur+ my "w 9 ,ox=d4     
,v>i\sly disappo9t$ & arre/$1 alike by  
difficulties ( inve/igation & failure ( 
/r5g?1 ,i may yet hope to lay d[n = y1  
beg9n+ ) y\r own metropolis1 "s ( ! l9es
 ( ?\ght 9 foll[+ out :i* su* a task    
might be mo/ effectively accompli%$4  ,y

 obs]ve t ,i speak ( ar*itecture z !    
*ief expon5t ( ! feel+s bo? ( ! ,fr5* & 
,engli% races4 ,toge!r ) x1 h[ev]1 mo/  
important evid5ce ( "* is giv5 by !     
illum9ation ( manuscripts1 & by "s =ms (
 jewell]y & metallurgy3 & my purpose 9  
?is c\rse ( lectures is to illu/rate by 
all ^! arts ! phases ( national "* :i* x
 is impossible t hi/orians %\ld e/imate1
 or ev5 obs]ve1 ) accuracy1 unless !y   
are cognizant ( excell5ce 9 ! a=esaid   
modes ( /ructural & ornam5tal           
craftsman%ip4  ,9 "o respect1 z indicat$
 by ! title *os5 = ?is c\rse1 ,i h v>i$ 
! treatm5t ( _! subject f t adopt$ 9 all
 my =m] books4 ,hi!rto1 ,i h always     
endeav\r$ to illu/rate ! p]sonal temp] &
 skill ( ! arti/2 hold+ ! wi%es or ta/e 
( 8 spectators at small acc\nt1 & say+ (
 ,turn] y ought to l him1 & ( ,salvator1
 y ought n1 etc41 etc41 )\t 9 ! lea/    
consid]+ :at ! g5ius or in/9ct ( !      
spectator might o!rwise dem&1 or        
approve4 ,b 9 ! n[ attempt$ sket* (     
,*ri/ian hi/ory1 ,i h approa*$ e "q f ! 

p's side1 & exam9$ ! nature1 n ( !      
special faculties by :i* ! "w 0 produc$1
 b ( ! g5]al in/9ct by :i* x 0 ask$ =1 &
 enjoy$4 ,!re=e ,i ?\ght ! prop] head+ =
 ^! pap]s %\ld repres5t !m z descriptive
 ( ! ,pleasures ( ,engl&1 r ?an ( its   
,arts4  ,& ( ^! pleasures1 necess>ily1 !
 lead+ "o 0 t ( ,le>n+1 9 ! s5se (      
receiv+ in/ruction2--a pleasure totally 
sep>ate f t ( f9d+ out ?+s = y\rself1--&
 an extremely sweet & sacr$ pleasure1 :5
 y "k h[ to seek x1 & receive4  ,on :i* 
,i am ! m dispos$1 & ev5 compell$1 "h to
 insi/1 because y\r mod]n ideas (       
,developm5t imply t y mu/ all turn out  
:at y are to be1 & f9d out :at y are to 
"k1 = y\rselves1 by ! inevitable        
op]ation ( y\r ant]ior aff9ities & inn] 
consci5ces3--:]eas ! old idea (         
education 0 t ! baby mat]ial ( y1 h[ev] 
accid5tally or inevitably born1 0 at    
lea/ to be by ext]nal =ce1 & ance/ral k1
 br$2 & treat$ by its ,fa!rs & ,tutors z
 a pla/ic vase1 to be %ap$ or mann]$ z  
!y *ose1 n z x *ose1 & fill$1 :5 its =m 

0 well f9i%$ & bak$1 ) sweetness ( s\nd 
doctr9e1 z ) ,hybla honey1 or ,arabian  
spik5>d4  ,)\t debat+ h[ f> ^! two modes
 ( acquir+ k--f9d+ out1 & be+ told--may 
sev]ally be good1 & 9 p]fect in/ruction 
comb9$1 ,i h to po9t out to y t1        
broadly1 ,a!ns1 ,rome1 & ,flor5ce are   
self-taught1 & int]nally develop$2 :ile 
all ! ,go?ic races1 )\t any exception1 b
 especially ^? ( ,london & ,p>is1 are   
aft]w>ds taught by ^!2 & _h1 !re=e1 :5  
!y *ose to accept x1 ! delight ( be+    
in/ruct$1 )\t tr\ble or d\bt1 z fa/ z !y
 c\ld read or imitate2 & br\ght =w>d to 
! po9t :]e _! own nor!rn in/9cts might  
:olesomely sup]impose or graft "s       
national ideas ^u ^! s\nd in/ructions4  
,read ov] :at ,i said on ?is subject 9 !
 ?ird ( my lectures la/ ye> 7page #gi71 
& simplify t already brief /atem5t      
fur!r1 by fa/5+ 9 y\r m9d ,c>lyle's     
g5]al symbol ( ! be/ atta9m5ts ( nor!rn 
religi\s sculpture1--?ree :alecubs      
comb9$ by boil+1 & reflect+ t ! m5tal   
hi/ory ( all nor!rn ,european art is !  

modification ( t graceful type1 "u !    
ord]s ( ! ,a!na ( ,hom] & ,phidias4  ,& 
?is be+ q indisputably ! broad fact ( ! 
matt]1 ,i greatly m>vel t y\r hi/orians 
nev]1 s f> z ,i h read1 ?9k ( propos+ to
 y ! "q--:at y might h made ( y\rselves 
)\t ! help ( ,hom] & ,phidias3 :at sort 
( be+s ! ,saxon & ! ,celt1 ! ,frank & ! 
,dane1 might h be5 by ?is "t1 unt\*$ by 
! spe> ( ,pallas1 unrul$ by ! rod (     
,agricola1 & s9c]ely ! native gr[?1 pure
 ( root1 & ungraft$ 9 fruit ( ! clay (  
,isis1 rock ( ,dovrefeldt1 & s&s (      
,elbe8 ,?9k ( x1 & ?9k *iefly :at =m !  
ideas1 & images1 ( y\r natural religion 
might probably h tak51 if no ,roman     
mission>y _h ev] pass$ ! ,alps 9 *>ity1 
& no ,engli% k+ 9 pilgrimage4  ,i h be5 
( late indebt$ m ?an ,i c express to !  
fri5d :o has hon\r$ me by ! d$ication ( 
8 rec5tly publi%$ lectures on ',old]    
,engl&2' & ^: eag] en?usiasm & f>       
collect$ le>n+ h enabl$ me = ! fir/ "t  
to assign _! j mean+ & value to ! ritual
 & imag]y ( ,saxon devotion4 ,b :ile e  

page ( ,mr4 ,hodgett's book1 &1 ,i may  
gratefully say also1 e s5t5ce ( 8 tea*+1
 has increas$ & ju/ifi$ ! respect 9 :i* 
,i h always be5 by my own feel+ dispos$ 
to hold ! my?ologies f\nd$ on ! love & k
 ( ! natural _w1 ,i h also be5 l$ by !m 
to conceive1 f> m =cibly ?an hi!rto1 !  
p[] :i* ! /ory ( ,*ri/ianity possess$1  
fir/ he>d ?r\gh ! wrea?s ( t cl\dy      
sup]/ition1 9 ! sub/itution1 = its      
vaporesc5t allegory1 ( a positive &     
lit]al acc\nt ( a real ,creation1 & an  
in/antly pres5t1 omnipres5t1 &          
compassionate ,god4  ,obs]ve1 !re is no 
"q :atev] 9 exam9+ ?is influ5ce1 h[ f>  
,*ri/ianity itself is true1 or !        
transc5d5tal doctr9es ( x intelligible4 
,^? :o br\ght y ! /ory ( x believ$ x )  
all _! s\ls to be true1--& ! effect ( x 
on ! he>ts ( y\r ance/ors 0 t ( an      
unque/ionable1 inf9itely lucid message  
/raight f ,god1 do+ away ) all          
difficulties1 grief1 & fe>s = ^? :o     
will+ly receiv$ x1 nor by any1 except   
wilfully & ob/9ately vile p]sons1 to be1

 by any possibility1 d5i$ or refus$4  ,&
 x 0 precisely1 obs]ve1 ! vivacity & joy
 ) :i* ! ma9 fact ( ,*ri/'s life 0      
accept$ :i* gave ! =ce & wra? to !      
controv]sies in/antly aris+ ab\t its    
nature4  ,^? controv]sies vex$ & %ook1 b
 nev] und]m9$1 ! fai? !y /rove to       
purify1 & ! miracul\s pres5ce1 errorless
 precept1 & lov+ promises ( _! ,"l 7    
alike und\bt$1 alike rejoic$ 91 by e    
nation t he>d ! ^w ( ,apo/les4 ,!       
,pelagian's ass]tion t immortality c\ld 
be won by man's w1 & ! ,arian's t ,*ri/ 
possess$ no m ?an man's nature1 nev] =  
an in/ant--or 9 any c\ntry--h9d]$ !     
advance ( ! moral law & intellectual    
hope ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,f> ! contr>y2 !    
,briti% h]esy conc]n+ ,free ,w1 ?\gh x  
br\ght bi%op aft] bi%op into ,engl& to  
ext+ui% x1 rema9$ an extremely heal?y & 
active elem5t 9 ! ,briti% m9d d[n to !  
days ( ,john ,bunyan & ! guide ,great   
,he>t1 & ! calmly ,*ri/ian ju/ice &     
simple human virtue ( ,!odoric 7 ! v    
roots & fir/ burgeons ( ! reg5]ation (  

,italy4#a ,b ( ! degrees 9 :i* x 0      
possible = any b>b>\s nation to receive 
dur+ ! fir/ five c5turies1 ei!r !       
spiritual p[] ( ,*ri/ianity itself1 or !
 in/ruction 9 classic art & sci5ce :i*  
accompani$ x1 y _c rightly judge1 )\t   
tak+ ! pa9s1 & !y w n1 ,i ?9k1 be       
irksome1 ( notic+ c>efully1 & fix+      
p]man5tly 9 y\r m9ds1 ! sep>at+         
*>act]i/ics ( ! great] races1 bo? 9 ^?  
:o le>n$ & ^? :o taught4  ,footnote #a3 
,gibbon1 9 8 #cg? *apt]1 makes ,ulphilas
 also an ,arian1 b might h =borne1 )    
grace1 8 own def9ition ( or?odoxy3--& y 
are to obs]ve g5]ally t at ?is "t !     
tea*]s :o admitt$ ! inf]iority ( ,*ri/  
to ! ,fa!r z t\*+ 8 ,manhood1 7 (t5     
c\nt$ among ,arians1 b q falsely4       
,*ri/'s own words1 ,my ,fa!r is great]  
?an ,i1 end t controv]sy at once4       
,arianism consi/s n 9 ass]t+ !          
subjection ( ! ,son to ! ,fa!r1 b 9 d5y+
 ! subject$ ,div9ity4  ,( ! ,huns &     
,v&als we ne$ n speak4 ,!y are m]ely =ms
 ( ,puni%m5t & ,de/ruction4 ,put !m out 

( y\r m9ds altoge!r1 & rememb] only !   
names ( ! immortal nations1 :i* abide on
 _! native rocks1 & pl\gh _! unconqu]$  
pla9s1 at ?is h\r4  ,briefly1 9 !       
nor?1--,briton1 ,norman1 ,frank1 ,saxon1
 ,o/rogo?1 ,lomb>d2 briefly1 9 !        
s\?1--,tuscan1 ,roman1 ,greek1 ,syrian1 
,egyptian1 ,arabian4  ,n[ ( ^! races1 ! 
,briti% 7,i avoid ! ^w ,celtic1 because 
y w\ld expect me to say ,keltic2 & ,i   
don't mean to1 le/ y %\ld be want+ me   
next to call ! patroness ( music ,/4    
,kekilia71 ! ,briti%1 includ+ ,breton1  
,corni%1 ,wel%1 ,iri%1 ,scot1 & ,pict1  
are1 ,i believe1 ( all ! nor!rn races1 !
 "o :i* has deepe/ love ( ext]nal       
nature2--& ! ri*e/ inh]5t gift ( pure   
music & song1 z su*2 sep>at$ f !        
intellectual gift :i* raises song into  
poetry4 ,!y are naturally also religi\s1
 & = "s c5turies aft] _! own conv]sion  
are "o ( ! *ief evangeliz+ p[]s 9       
,*ri/5dom4 ,b !y are nei!r appreh5sive  
nor receptive2--!y _c und]/& ! classic  
races1 & le>n sc>cely any?+ f !m2 p]haps

 bett] s1 if ! classic races _h be5 m   
c>eful to und]/& !m4  ,next1 ! ,norman  
is sc>cely m appreh5sive ?an ! ,celt1 b 
he is m con/ructive1 & uses to good     
advantage :at he le>ns f ! ,frank4 ,8   
ma9 *>act]i/ic is an en]gy1 :i* nev]    
exhau/s itself 9 va9 ang]1 desire1 or   
sorr[1 b abides & rules1 l a liv+       
rock3--:]e he w&]s1 he fl[s l lava1 &   
congeals l granite4  ,next1 ,i take 9   
?is fir/ sket* ! ,saxon & ,frank toge!r1
 bo? pre-em95tly appreh5sive1 bo? docile
 exce$+ly1 imag9ative 9 ! highe/1 b 9   
life active m ?an p5sive1 eag] 9 desire1
 swift ( inv5tion1 ke5ly s5sitive to    
animal beauty1 b ) difficulty rational1 
& r>ely1 = ! future1 wise4 ,"u !        
conclusive "n ( ,o/rogo?1 y may class   
:atev] tribes are native to ,c5tral     
,g]many1 & develope !mselves1 z "t goes 
on1 into t p[] ( ! ,g]man ,caes>s :i*   
/ill ass]ts itself z an empire aga9/ !  
lic5ce & insol5ce ( mod]n               
republicanism1--( :i* races1 ?\gh ?is   
g5]al "n1 no description c be giv5 9    

rapid t]ms4  ,& la/ly1 ! ,lomb>ds1 :o1  
at ! "t we h to deal )1 7 /]nly         
indocile1 gloomily imag9ative1--( almo/ 
,norman en]gy1 & diff]+ f all ! o!r     
we/]n nations *iefly 9 ?is notable      
p>ticul>1 t :ile ! ,celt is capable (   
bright wit & happy play1 & ! ,norman1   
,saxon1 & ,frank all alike delight 9    
c>icature1 ! ,lomb>ds1 l ! ,arabians1   
nev] je/4  ,^!1 briefly1 are ! six      
b>b>ic nations :o are to be taught3 & ( 
^: native arts & faculties1 be=e !y     
receive any tutor%ip f ! s\?1 ,i f9d no 
well-sift$ acc\nt 9 any hi/ory3--b ?us  
mu* ( !m1 collect+ y\r own ?\ghts & k1 y
 may easily disc]n--!y 7 all1 ) !       
exception ( ! ,scots1 practical work]s &
 build]s 9 wood2 & ^? ( !m :o _h coa/s1 
fir/ rate sea-boat build]s1 ) f9e       
ma!matical in/9cts & practice 9 t k9d f>
 develop$1 necess>ily good sail-weav+1 &
 s\nd fur-/it*+1 ) /\t iron-"w ( nail & 
rivet2 ri* copp] & "s silv] "w 9        
decoration--! ,celts develop+ peculi>   
gifts 9 l9e> design1 b :olly incapable (

 draw+ animals or figures2--! ,saxons & 
,franks hav+ en\gh capacity 9 t k9d1 b  
no ?\ght ( attempt+ x2 ! ,normans &     
,lomb>ds /ill f>!r remote f any su*     
skill4 ,m & m1 x seems to me wond]ful t 
"u y\r ,briti% block-temple1 grimly     
extant on its pa/oral pla91 or beside ! 
fir/ crosses engrav$ on ! rock at       
,:i?orn--y ,engli% & ,scots d n (t5]    
consid] :at y might or c\ld h come to1  
left to y\rselves4  ,next1 let u =m !   
li/ ( y\r tutor nations1 9 :om1 x       
g5]ally pleases y to look at no?+ b !   
corruptions4 ,if we c\ld get into !     
habit ( ?9k+ m ( our own corruptions & m
 ( _! virtues1 we %\ld h a bett] *ance (
 le>n+ ! true laws alike ( art & de/9y4 
,b1 ! safe/ way ( all1 is to assure     
ourselves t true k ( any ?+ or any      
creature is only ( ! good ( x2 t its    
nature & life are 9 t1 & t :at is       
diseas$1--t is to say1 unnatural &      
mortal1--y mu/ cut away f x 9           
contemplation1 z y w\ld 9 surg]y4  ,( ! 
six tutor nations1 two1 ! ,tuscan &     

,arab1 h no effect on e>ly ,*ri/ian     
,engl&4 ,b ! ,roman1 ,greek1 ,syrian1 & 
,egyptian act toge!r f ! e>lie/ times2 y
 are to /udy ! influ5ce ( ,rome ^u      
,engl& 9 ,agricola1 ,con/antius1 ,/4    
,b5$ict1 & ,/4 ,gregory2 ( ,greece ^u   
,engl& 9 ! arti/s ( ,byzantium &        
,rav5na2 ( ,syria & ,egypt ^u ,engl& 9  
,/4 ,j]ome1 ,/4 ,augu/9e1 ,/4 ,*ryso/om1
 & ,/4 ,a?anase4  ,/4 ,j]ome1 9 c5tral  
,be?lehem2 ,/4 ,augu/9e1 ,c>?ag9ian by  
bir?1 9 tru? a conv]t$ ,tyrian1         
,a?anase1 ,egyptian1 symmetric & fix$ z 
an ,egyptian aisle2 ,*ryso/om1 gold5 m\?
 ( all2 ^! are1 inde$1 e "o tea*]s ( all
 ! we/]n _w1 b ,/4 ,augu/9e especially (
 lay1 z di/+ui%$ f mona/ic1 ,*ri/ianity 
to ! ,franks1 & f9ally to u4 ,8 rule1   
exp&$ into ! treatise ( ! ,city ( ,god1 
is tak5 = guide ( life & policy by      
,*>lemagne1 & becomes c]ta9ly ! f\nta9 (
 ,evangelical ,*ri/ianity1 di/9ctively s
 call$1 7& broadly ! lay ,*ri/ianity (  
,europe1 s9ce1 9 ! pure/ =m ( x1 t is to
 say1 ! mo/ m]ciful1 *>itable1 v>i\sly  

applicable1 k9dly wise47 ,! greate/ type
 ( x1 z f> z ,i "k1 ,/4 ,m>t9 ( ,t\rs1  
^: "* is sket*$1 ,i ?9k 9 ! ma9 rightly1
 9 ! ,bible ( ,ami5s2 & y may b9d toge!r
 y\r ?\ghts ( its c\rse by rememb]+ t   
,alcu91 born at ,york1 dies 9 ! ,abbey (
 ,/4 ,m>t91 at ,t\rs2 t z ,/4 ,augu/9e 0
 9 8 writ+s ,*>lemagne's ,evangeli/ 9   
fai?1 ,alcu9 01 9 liv+ pres5ce1 8 ma/] 9
 rhetoric1 logic1 & a/ronomy1 ) ! o!r   
physical sci5ces4  ,a hundr$ ye>s lat]  
?an ,/4 ,augu/9e1 comes ! rule ( ,/4    
,b5$ict--! ,mona/ic rule1 virtually1 (  
,european ,*ri/ianity1 ev] s9ce--&      
!ologically ! ,law ( ,works1 z di/+ui%$ 
f ! ,law ( ,fai?4 ,/4 ,augu/9e & all !  
disciples ( ,/4 ,augu/9e tell ,*ri/ians 
:at !y %\ld feel & ?9k3 ,/4 ,b5$ict &   
all ! disciples ( ,/4 ,b5$ict tell      
,*ri/ians :at !y %\ld say & d4  ,9 !    
briefe/1 b also ! p]fecte/ di/9ction1 ! 
disciples ( ,/4 ,augu/9e are ^? :o op5 !
 door to ,*ri/--,if any man he> my      
voice2 b ! ,b5$ict9es ^? to :om ,*ri/   
op5s ! door--,to him t knocke? x %all be

 op5$4  ,n[1 note broadly ! c\rse &     
action ( ?is rule1 z x comb9es ) ! old] 
"o4 ,/4 ,augu/9e's1 accept$ he>tily by  
,clovis1 &1 ) v>i\s degrees ( und]/&+1  
by ! k+s & que5s ( ! ,m]ov+ian dyna/y1  
makes seem+ly little diff]5ce 9 _!      
conduct1 s t _! pr(ession ( x rema9s a  
sc&al to ,*ri/ianity to ?is day2 & yet x
 lives1 9 ! true he>ts among !m1 d[n f  
,/4 ,clotilde to h] great gr&-daught]   
,b]?a1 :o 9 becom+ ,que5 ( ,k5t1 builds 
"u its *alk d[ns h] own little *apel to 
,/4 ,m>t91 & is ! fir/ effectively &    
p]man5tly useful mission>y to ! ,saxons1
 ! beg9n] ( ,engli% ,erudition1--! fir/ 
laid corn] /one ( beautiful ,engli% "*4 
,i ?9k h5ce=w>d y w f9d ! memor&um (    
dates :i* ,i h "h set d[n = my own      
guidance m simply useful ?an ^? confus$ 
by record ( unimportant p]sons &        
inconsequ5t ev5ts1 :i* =m ! indices (   
common hi/ory4  ,f ! ye> ( ! ,saxon     
invasion #ddi1 !re are exactly #djj ye>s
 to ! bir? ( ,alfr$1 #hdi4 ,y h no      
difficulty 9 rememb]+ ^? c>d9al ye>s4   

,!n1 y h ,f\r great m5 & great ev5ts to 
rememb]1 at ! close ( ! fif? c5tury4    
,clovis1 & ! f\nd+ ( ,frank ,k+dom2     
,!odoric & ! f\nd+ ( ! ,go?ic ,k+dom2   
,ju/9ian & ! f\nd+ ( ,civil law2 ,/4    
,b5$ict & ! f\nd+ ( ,religi\s law4  ,(1 
,ju/9ian1 & 8 "w1 ,i am n able myself to
 =m any op9ion--& x is1 ,i ?9k1         
unnecess>y = /ud5ts ( hi/ory to =m any1 
until !y are able to e/imate cle>ly !   
b5efits1 & mis*ief1 ( ! civil law (     
,europe 9 its pres5t /ate4 ,b to        
,clovis1 ,!odoric1 & ,/4 ,b5$ict1 )\t   
any "q1 we owe m ?an any ,engli%        
hi/orian has yet ascrib$1--& !y are     
easily held 9 m9d toge!r1 = ,clovis     
asc5d$ ! ,frank ?rone 9 ! ye> ( ,/4     
,b5$ict's bir?1 #dha4 ,!odoric f\ght !  
battle ( ,v]ona1 & f\nd$ ! ,o/rogo?ic   
,k+dom 9 ,italy twelve ye>s lat]1 9     
#dic1 & !reupon m>ri$ ! si/] ( ,clovis4 
,t m>riage is always pass$ 9 a casual   
s5t5ce1 z if a m]ely political "o1 &    
:ile page aft] page is sp5t 9 foll[+ !  
alt]nations ( furi\s crime & fatal      

*ance1 9 ! conte/s betwe5 ,fr$egonde &  
,brunehaut1 no hi/orian ev] consid]s    
:e!r ! great ,o/rogo? :o wore 9 ! battle
 ( ,v]ona ! dress :i* 8 "m _h wov5 =    
him1 0 likely to h *os5 a wife )\t      
love6--or h[ f> ! p]fectness1 ju/ice1 & 
temp]ate wisdom ( e ord9ance ( 8 reign 0
 ow+ to ! sympa?y & c\nsel ( 8 ,franki% 
que54  ,y h to recollect1 !n1 ?us f>1   
only ?ree c>d9al dates3--    #ddi4      
,saxon invasion4   #dha4 ,clovis reigns 
& ,/4 ,b5$ict is born4   #dic4 ,!odoric 
conqu]s at ,v]ona4  ,!n1 r\ghly1 a      
hundr$ ye>s lat]1 9 #eij1 ,e!lb]t1 !    
fif? f ,h5gi/1 & ,b]?a1 ! ?ird f        
,clotilde1 are k+ & que5 ( ,k5t4 ,i _c  
f9d ! date ( _! m>riage1 b ! date1 #eij1
 :i* y mu/ recollect = c>d9al1 is t (   
,gregory's accession to ! pontificate1 &
 ,i believe ,b]?a 0 !n 9 middle life1   
hav+ p]sev]$ 9 h] religion firmly1 b    
in(f5sively1 & made h]self belov$ by h] 
husb& & p4 ,%e1 9 ,engl&1 ,!odol9da 9   
,lomb>dy1 & ,/4 ,gregory 9 ,rome3--9 _! 
h&s1 virtually lay ! de/9y ( ,europe4   

,!n ! p]iod f ,b]?a to ,osburga1 #eij to
 #hdi--say #bej ye>s--is pass$ by !     
,saxon p 9 ! daily m rev]5t le>n+ ( !   
,*ri/ian fai?1 & daily m peaceful &     
skilful practice ( ! humane arts &      
duties :i* x inv5t$ & inculcat$4  ,!    
/atem5t giv5 by ,sir ,edw>d ,creasy ( ! 
result ( ^! #bej ye>s ( lesson is1 ) "o 
correction1 ! mo/ simple & j t ,i c f9d4
  ,a few ye>s be=e ! close ( ! six?     
c5tury1 ! c\ntry 0 little m ?an a wide  
battle-field1 :]e gallant b rude w>riors
 f\ght ) ea* o!r1 or aga9/ ! neighb\r+  
,wel% or ,scots2 unhe$+ & unhe$$ by !   
re/ ( ,europe1 or1 if !y attract$ casual
 att5tion1 reg>d$ ) dread & disgu/ z !  
fi]ce/ ( b>b>ians & ! mo/ untameable (  
pagans4 ,9 ! eigh? c5tury1 ,engl& 0     
look$ up to ) admiration & gratitude1 z 
sup]ior to all ! o!r c\ntries ( ,we/]n  
,europe 9 piety & le>n+1 & z ! l& :5ce !
 mo/ zeal\s & successful sa9ts & tea*]s 
came =? to conv]t & enlight5 ! /ill     
b>b>\s regions ( ! cont95t4  ,?is       
/atem5t is broadly true2 yet !          

correction x ne$s is a v important "o4  
,engl&1--"u h] fir/ ,alfr$ (            
,nor?umb]l&1 & "u ,ina ( ,wessex1 is    
inde$ dur+ ^! c5turies ! mo/ le>n$1     
?\ghtful1 & progressive ( ,european     
/ates4 ,b %e is n a mission>y p[]4 ,!   
mission>ies are always to h]1 n f h]3--=
 ! v reason t %e is le>n+ s eag]ly1 %e  
does n take to prea*+4 ,ina f\nds 8     
,saxon s*ool at ,rome n to tea* ,rome1  
nor conv]t ! ,pope1 b to dr9k at ! s\rce
 ( k1 & to receive laws f direct &      
unque/ion$ au?ority4 ,! mission>y p[] 0 
:olly ,scot* & ,iri%1 & t p[] 0 :olly "o
 ( zeal & fai?1 n ( le>n+4 ,i w ask y1 9
 ! c\rse ( my next lecture1 to reg>d x  
att5tively2 to-day1 ,i mu/ rapidly draw 
to ! conclusions ,i w\ld leave ) y4  ,x 
is m & m wond]ful to me z ,i ?9k ( x1 t 
no effect :atev] 0 produc$ on ! ,saxon1 
nor on any o!r heal?y race ( ! ,nor?1   
ei!r by ! luxury ( ,rome1 or by h] art1 
:e!r con/ructive or imitative4 ,! ,saxon
 builds no aqu$ucts--designs no roads1  
r\nds no !atres 9 imitation (           

h]1--envies none ( h] vile              
pleasures1--admires1 s f> z ,i c judge1 
none ( h] f>-c>ri$ reali/ic art4 ,i     
suppose t x ne$s intellig5ce ( a m      
advanc$ k9d to see ! qualities (        
complete sculpture3 & t we may ?9k ( !  
,nor!rn intellect z /ill l t ( a *ild1  
:o c>es to picture its own ?\ghts 9 its 
own way1 b does n c>e = ! ?\ghts ( old] 
p1 or attempt to copy :at x feels too   
difficult4 ,?is mu* at lea/ is c]ta91 t 
= "o cause or ano!r1 ev]y?+ t n[ at     
,p>is or ,london our pa9t]s mo/ c>e = & 
try to realize1 ( anci5t ,rome1 0 utt]ly
 innocu\s & unattractive to ! ,saxon3   
:ile 8 m9d 0 frankly op5 to ! direct    
tea*+ ( ,greece & to ! me?ods ( bright  
decoration employ$ 9 ! ,byzant9e        
,empire3 = ^! alone seem$ to 8 fancy    
sugge/ive ( ! glories ( ! bright] _w    
promis$ by ,*ri/ianity4 ,jewell]y1      
vessels ( gold & silv]1 beautifully     
writt5 books1 & music1 are ! gifts ( ,/4
 ,gregory alike to ! ,saxon & ,lomb>d2  
all ^! beautiful ?+s be+ us$1 n = !     

pleasure ( ! pres5t life1 b z ! symbols 
( ano!r2 :ile ! draw+s 9 ,saxon         
manuscripts1 9 :i*1 bett] ?an 9 any o!r 
rema9s ( _! life1 we c read ! p's "*1   
are rapid endeav\rs to express =        
!mselves1 & convey to o!rs1 "s lik5ess (
 ! realities ( sacr$ ev5t 9 :i* !y _h   
be5 in/ruct$4 ,!y diff] f e ar*aic s*ool
 ( =m] design 9 ?is evid5t correspond5ce
 ) an imag9$ reality4 ,all previ\s      
ar*aic art :atsoev] is symbolic &       
decorative--n reali/ic4 ,! conte/ (     
,h]akles ) ! ,hydra on a ,greek vase is 
a m]e sign t su* a conte/ took place1 n 
a picture ( x1 & 9 draw+ t sign ! pott] 
is always ?9k+ ( ! effect ( ! engrav$   
l9es on ! curves ( 8 pot1 & tak+ c>e to 
keep out ( ! way ( ! h&le2--b a ,saxon  
monk w\ld scrat* 8 idea ( ! ,fall ( !   
angels or ! ,temptation ( ,*ri/ ov] a   
:ole page ( 8 manuscript 9 v>i\sly      
explanatory sc5es1 evid5tly full (      
inexpressible vision1 & eag] to expla9 &
 illu/rate all t he felt or believ$4  ,(
 ! progress & arre/ ( ^! gifts1 ,i %all 

h to speak 9 my next address2 b ,i mu/  
regretfully conclude to-day ) "s brief  
w>n+ aga9/ ! complac5cy :i* might lead y
 to reg>d !m z ei!r at t "t entirely    
orig9al 9 ! ,saxon race1 or at ! pres5t 
day z signally *>act]i/ic ( x4 ,t =m (  
complac5cy is exhibit$ 9 its mo/ amiable
 b1 !re=e1 mo/ deceptive guise1 9 !     
passage ) :i* ! late ,dean ( ,we/m9/]   
conclud$ 8 lecture at ,cant]bury 9      
,april1 #ahed1 on ! subject ( ! l&+ (   
,augu/9e4 ,i w n spoil ! emphasis ( !   
passage by comm5t z ,i read1 b mu/ take 
leave aft]w>ds to intimate "s gr\nds =  
abatem5t 9 ! f]v\r ( its                
self-gratulatory ec/asy4  ,let any "o   
sit on ! hill ( ! little *ur* ( ,/4     
,m>t91 & look on ! view :i* is !re      
spread be=e 8 eyes4 ,imm$iately bel[ are
 ! t[]s ( ! great abbey ( ,/4 ,augu/9e1 
:]e ,*ri/ian le>n+ & civilization fir/  
/ruck root 9 ! ,anglo-,saxon race2 & )9 
:i* n[1 aft] a lapse ( _m c5turies1 a   
new in/itution has aris51 int5d$ to c>ry
 f> & wide1 to c\ntries ( :i* ,gregory &

 ,augu/9e nev] he>d1 ! bless+s :i* !y   
gave to u4 ,c>ry y\r view on--& !re     
rises high above all ! magnific5t pile (
 our ca!dral1 equal 9 spl5d\r & /ate to 
any1 ! noble/ temple or *ur* t ,augu/9e 
c\ld h se5 9 anci5t ,rome1 ris+ on ! v  
gr\nd :i* d]ives its consecration f him4
 ,& /ill m ?an ! gr&eur ( ! outw>d      
build+s t rose f ! little *ur* (        
,augu/9e & ! little palace ( ,e!lb]t h  
be5 ! in/itutions ( all k9ds ( :i* ^! 7 
! e>lie/ cradle4 ,f ,cant]bury1 ! fir/  
,engli% ,*ri/ian city1--f ,k5t1 ! fir/  
,engli% ,*ri/ian k+dom--has by degrees  
aris5 ! :ole con/itution ( ,*ur* & ,/ate
 9 ,engl& :i* n[ b9ds toge!r ! :ole     
,briti% ,empire4 ,& f ! ,*ri/ianity "h  
e/abli%$ 9 ,engl& has fl[$1 by direct   
consequ5ce1 fir/ ! ,*ri/ianity (        
,g]many2 !n1 aft] a long int]val1 (     
,nor? ,am]ica2 & la/ly1 we may tru/1 9  
"t1 ( all ,india & all ,au/ralasia4 ,!  
view f ,/4 ,m>t9's ,*ur* is inde$ "o ( !
 mo/ inspirit+ t c be f\nd 9 ! _w2 !re  
is none to :i* ,i w\ld m will+ly take   

any "o :o d\bt$ :e!r a small beg9n+ c\ld
 lead to a great & la/+ good2--none :i* 
c>ries u m vividly back into ! pa/1 or m
 hopefully =w>d into ! future4  ,to ?is 
,gregorian canticle 9 praise ( ! ,briti%
 con/itution1 ,i grieve1 b am compell$1 
to take ^! foll[+ hi/orical objections4 
,! fir/ mission>y to ,g]many 0          
,ulphilas1 & :at %e owes to ^! isl&s %e 
owes to ,iona1 n to ,?anet4 ,our        
mission>y (fices to ,am]ica z to        
,africa1 consi/ ,i believe pr9cipally 9 
! /eal+ ( l&1 & ! ext]m9ation ( its     
proprietors by intoxication4 ,our rule 9
 ,india has introduc$ !re1 ,paisley     
in/ead ( ,ca%m]e %awls3 9 ,au/ralasia   
our ,*ri/ian aid supplies1 ,i suppose1 !
 pi\s f>m] ) convict lab\r4 ,& al?\gh1  
:5 ! ,dean wrote ! above passage1 ,/4   
,augu/9e's & ! ca!dral 7--,i take x on  
tru/ f 8 description--! pr9cipal objects
 9 ! prospect f ,/4 ,m>t9's ,hill1 ,i   
believe ev5 ! *e]fulle/ ( my audi5ce    
w\ld n n[ ?9k ! sc5e "o ( ! mo/         
inspirit+ 9 ! _w4 ,= rec5t progress has 

entirely accommodat$ ! ar*itecture ( !  
sc5e to ! conv5i5ce ( ! mission>y work]s
 above enum]at$2 to ! peculi>           
necessities ( ! civilization !y h       
a*iev$4 ,= ! sake ( :i* ! ca!dral1 !    
mona/]y1 ! temple1 & ! tomb1 ( ,b]?a1   
contract !mselves 9 di/ant or despis$   
subs]vi5ce "u ! colossal walls ( ! c\nty
 gaol4     ,,lecture ,,ii4  ,,!         
,,pleasures ,,( ,,fai?4  ,,alfr$ ,,to   
,,! ,,confessor4   ,i 0 =c$ 9 my la/    
lecture to pass by altoge!r1 & to-day c 
only ) mom5t>y def9ition notice1 ! "p   
tak5 by ,scotti% mission>ies 9 !        
,*ri/ianiz+ ( ,engl& & ,burgundy4 ,i    
w\ld pray y !re=e1 9 ord] to fill ! gap 
:i* ,i ?9k x bett] to leave di/9ctly1   
?an close confus$ly1 to read ! hi/ories 
( ,/4 ,patrick1 ,/4 ,columba1 & ,/4     
,columban1 z !y are giv5 y by           
,montalemb]t 9 8 ',mo9es d',occid5t4' ,y
 w f9d 9 8 pages all ! ess5tial facts t 
are kn[n1 encircl$ ) a nimbus (         
en?usia/ic sympa?y :i* ,i hope y w l    
bett] to see !m ?r\gh1 ?an di/ort$ by   

black5+ fog ( contemptu\s rationalism4  
,b al?\gh ,i ask y ?us to make y\rselves
 aw>e ( ! greatness ( my omission1 ,i   
mu/ also c]tify y t x does n break !    
unity ( our own imm$iate subject4 ,!    
influ5ce ( ,celtic passion & art bo? on 
,nor?umbria & ! ,cont95t1 b5efic5t 9 all
 respects :ile x la/$1 expir$ )\t any   
p]man5t %>e 9 ! "w or emotion ( ! ,saxon
 & ,frank4 ,! book ( ,kells1 & ! bell ( 
,/4 ,patrick1 repres5t suffici5tly !    
peculi> "* ( ,celtic design2 & long     
s9ce1 9 ! fir/ lecture ( ! ',two ,pa?s1'
 ,i expla9$ bo? ! modes ( skill1 & po9ts
 ( weakness1 :i* r5d]$ su* design       
unprogressive4 ,p]fect 9 its peculi>    
mann]1 & exult+ 9 ! faultless practice (
 a n>r[ skill1 x rema9$ c5tury aft]     
c5tury incapable alike ( inn] gr[?1 or  
=eign in/ruction2 inimitable1 yet       
incorrigible2 m>vell\s1 yet despicable1 
to its dea?4 ,despicable1 ,i mean1 only 
9 ! limitation ( its capacity1 n 9 its  
quality or nature4 ,if y make a ,*ri/ian
 ( a lamb or a squirrel--:at c y expect 

( ! lamb b jump+--:at ( ! squirrel1 b   
pretty spirals1 trac$ ) 8 tail8 ,he     
won't /eal y\r nuts any m1 & he'll say 8
 pray]s l ?is--#b2 b y _c make a        
,beatrice's griff91 & emblem ( all !    
,ca?olic ,*ur*1 out ( him4  ,footnote   
#b3 ,mak+ a sign4  ,y w h obs]v$1 also1 
t ! plan ( ^! lectures does n include   
any ref]5ce to ! ,roman ,p]iod 9 ,engl&2
 ( :i* y w f9d all ,i ?9k necess>y to   
say1 9 ! "p call$ ,valle ,crucis ( ',our
 ,fa!rs h told u4' ,b ,i mu/ "h w>n y1 )
 ref]5ce to x1 ( "o gravely false       
prejudice ( ,montalemb]t4 ,he is        
entirely bl9d to ! conditions ( ,roman  
virtue1 :i* exi/$ 9 ! mid/ ( !          
corruptions ( ! ,empire1 =m+ ! *>act]s (
 su* ,emp]ors z ,p]t9ax1 ,c>us1 ,probus1
 ! second ,claudius1 ,aurelian1 & our   
own ,con/antius2 & he d5ies1 ) abusive  
viol5ce1 ! p[] = good1 ( ,roman ,law1   
ov] ! ,gauls & ,britons4  ,respect+     
,roman national "*1 ,i w simply beg y to
 rememb]1 t bo? ,/4 ,b5$ict & ,/4       
,gregory are ,roman patricians1 be=e !y 

are ei!r monk or pope2 respect+ its     
influ5ce on ,brita91 ,i ?9k y may re/   
cont5t ) ,%akespe>e's e/imate ( x4 ,bo? 
,le> & ,cymbel9e belong to ?is "t1 s    
difficult to our appreh5sion1 :5 !      
,briton accept$ bo? ,roman laws & ,roman
 gods4 ,!re is inde$ ! born ,k5ti%      
g5tleman's prote/ aga9/ !m 9 ,k5t's--   
,n[1 by ,apollo1 k+1   ,?\ swe>'/ ?y    
gods 9 va92  b bo? ,cordelia & ,imog5   
are j z ?or\ghly ,roman ladies1 z       
,virgilia or ,calphurnia4  ,( ,briti%   
,*ri/ianity & ! ,ar?urian ,leg5ds1 ,i   
%all h a ^w or two to say 9 my lecture  
on ,fancy1 9 connection ) ! simil>      
romance :i* surr\nds ,!odoric &         
,*>lemagne3 only ! wor/ ( x is1 t :ile  
bo? ,dietri* & ,k>l are !mselves m      
wond]ful ?an ! leg5ds ( !m1 ,ar?ur fades
 into intangible vision3--?is mu*1      
h[ev]1 rema9s to ?is day1 ( ,ar?urian   
blood 9 u1 t ! ri*e/ fight+ elem5t 9 !  
,briti% army & navy is ,briti%          
native1--t is to say1 ,highl&]1 ,iri%1  
,wel%1 & ,corni%4  ,cont5t1 !re=e1      

7means be+ n[ giv5 y = fill+ gaps17 ) ! 
e/imates giv5 y 9 ! prec$+ lecture ( !  
s\rces ( in/ruction possess$ by ! ,saxon
 capital1 ,i pursue to-day our "q       
orig9ally propos$1 :at ,london might h  
be5 by ?is "t1 if ! nature ( ! fl[]s1   
trees1 & *ildr51 born at ! ,?ames-side1 
_h be5 rightly und]/ood & cultivat$4    
,_m ( my he>]s c imag9e f> bett] ?an ,i1
 ! look t ,london mu/ h _h 9 ,alfr$'s & 
,canute's days4#c ,i h n1 inde$1 ! lea/ 
idea myself :at its build+s 7 l1 b      
c]ta9ly ! gr\ps ( its %ipp+ mu/ h be5   
sup]b2 small1 b entirely seawor?y       
vessels1 mann$ by ! be/ seam5 9 ! !n _w4
 ,( c\rse1 n[1 at ,*a?am & ,portsm\? we 
h our ironclads1--extremely beautiful & 
beautifully manageable ?+s1 no d\bt--to 
set aga9/ ?is ,saxon & ,dani% %ipp+2 b !
 ,saxon w>-%ips lay "h at ,london       
%ore--bright ) bann] & %ield & dragon   
pr[1--in/ead ( ^! y may be happi]1 b are
 n h&som]1 9 hav+1 n[1 ! coal-b>ge1 !   
p5ny /eam]1 & ! :]ry full ( %op boys &  
girls4 ,i dwell h[ev] = a mom5t only on 

! naval aspect ( ! tidal wat]s 9 ! days 
( ,alfr$1 because ,i c ref] y = all     
detail on ?is "p ( our subject to !     
wond]ful op5+ *apt] ( ,dean ,/anley's   
,hi/ory ( ,we/m9/] ,abbey1 :]e y w f9d !
 orig9 ( ! "n ( ,london giv5 z ,! ,city 
( ,%ips4 ,he does n1 h[ev]1 tell y1 t   
!re 7 built1 !n & !re1 ! bigge/ w>-%ips 
9 ! _w4 ,i h (t5 said to fri5ds :o      
prais$ my own books t ,i w\ld r h writt5
 t *apt] ?an any "o ( !m2 yet if ,i _h  
be5 able to write ! hi/orical "p ( x1 ! 
conclusions drawn w\ld h be5 extremely  
diff]5t4 ,! ,dean inde$ describes ) a   
poet's joy ! ,riv] ( wells1 :i* rose f  
^? once consecrat$ spr+s :i* n[ lie *ok$
 9 ,holywell & ,cl]k5well1 & ! rivulet (
 ,ulebrig :i* cross$ ! ,/r& "u ! ,ivy   
bridge2 b x is only 9 ! _s ( a mod]n    
citiz5 ( ,belgravia t he exults 9 ! fact
 t ! great art]ies ( our cr[d$ /reets1 !
 va/ sew]s :i* cleanse our habitations1 
are f$ by ! life-blood ( ^? old & liv+  
/reams2 t und]nea? our tread ! ,tyburn1 
& ! ,holborn1 & ! ,fleet1 & ! ,wall     

,brook1 are /ill pursu+ _! ceaseless    
c\rse1 /ill m9i/]+ to ! good ( man1 ?\gh
 9 a f> diff]5t fa%ion ?an :5 ,druids   
drank ( _! sacr$ spr+s1 & ,saxons 7     
baptiz$ 9 _! ru%+ wat]s1 ages ago4      
,footnote #c3 ,"h ,alfr$'s ,silv] ,p5ny 
0 %[n & comm5t$ on1 ?us3--,( :at ,london
 0 l 9 ! days ( fai?1 ,i c %[ y "o piece
 ( arti/ic evid5ce4 ,x is ,alfr$'s silv]
 p5ny /ruck 9 ,london m9t4 ,! "* ( a    
co9age is q conclusive evid5ce 9        
national hi/ory1 & !re is no great      
empire 9 progress1 b tells its /ory 9   
beautiful co9s4 ,"h 9 ,alfr$'s p5ny1 a  
r\nd co9 ) ,l4,o4,n4,d4,i4,n4,i4,a4     
/ruck on x1 y h j ! same beauty (       
design1 ! same enigmatical arrangem5t ( 
lett]s1 z 9 ! e>ly inscription1 :i* x is
 ! pride ( my life to h discov]$ at     
,v5ice4 ,?is inscription 7! fir/ words t
 ,v5ice ev] speaks al\d7 is1 x w be     
rememb]$1 on ! ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,giacomo di  
,rialto1 & runs1 be+ int]pret$--,ar\nd  
?is temple1 let ! m]*ant's law be j1 8  
weights true1 & 8 cov5ants fai?ful4     

,:atev] sympa?y y may feel ) ^! eloqu5t 
expressions ( t entire complac5cy 9 !   
pres5t1 pa/1 & future1 :i* peculi>ly    
animates ,dean ,/anley's writ+s1 ,i mu/1
 9 ?is case1 pray y to obs]ve t !       
transmutation ( holy wells into sew]s   
has1 at lea/1 de/roy$ ! *>m & utility ( 
! ,?ames z a salmon /ream1 & ,i mu/ ask 
y to read ) att5tion ! succe$+ portions 
( ! *apt] :i* record ! leg5ds ( ! riv]  
fi%]ies 9 _! relation to ! fir/ ,abbey (
 ,we/m9/]2 d$icat$ by its build]s to ,/4
 ,pet]1 n m]ely 9 8 (fice ( corn]/one ( 
! ,*ur*1 nor ev5 figuratively z a fi%] (
 m51 b directly z a fi%] ( fi%3--& :i*  
ma9ta9$ !mselves1 y w see1 9 actual     
c]emony d[n to #achb1 :5 a fi%]man /ill 
annually took 8 place beside ! ,prior1  
aft] hav+ br\ght 9 a salmon = ,/4 ,pet]1
 :i* 0 c>ri$ 9 /ate d[n ! middle ( !    
refectory4  ,b z ,i ref] to ?is page = !
 exact ^w1 my eye is caught by "o ( !   
s5t5ces ( ,londonian#d ?\ght :i*        
con/antly p]v]t ! well-meant books (    
pi\s ,engl&4 ,we see also1 says ! ,dean1

 ! union ( innoc5t fiction ) worldly    
craft1 :i* m>ks s _m ( ! leg5ds bo? (   
,pagan & ,*ri/ian times4 ,i might simply
 reply to ?is ins9uation t times :i* h  
no leg5ds diff] f ! leg5d>y ones m]ely  
by unit+ guilty1 in/ead ( innoc5t1      
fiction1 ) worldly craft2 b ,i mu/ f>!r 
advise y t ! leg5ds ( ^! passionate     
times are 9 no wise1 & 9 no s5se1       
fiction at all2 b ! true record (       
impressions made on ! m9ds ( p]sons 9 a 
/ate ( eag] spiritual excitem5t1 br\ght 
into bright focus by act+ /eadily &     
frankly "u its impulses4 ,i c\ld tell y 
a great deal m ab\t su* ?+s ?an y w\ld  
believe1 & !re=e1 a great deal m ?an x  
w\ld d y ! lea/ good to he>2--b ?is mu* 
any :o c>e to use _! common s5se        
mode/ly1 _c b admit1 t unless !y *oose  
to try ! r\gh life ( ! ,*ri/ian ages1 !y
 _c und]/& its practical consequ5ces4 ,y
 h all be5 taught by ,"l ,macaulay & 8  
s*ool t because y h ,c>pets in/ead (    
ru%es = y\r feet2 & ,fea!r-b$s in/ead ( 
f]n = y\r backs2 & ,kick%aws in/ead (   

beef = y\r eat+2 & ,dra9s in/ead ( ,holy
 ,wells = y\r dr9k+2--t1 !re=e1 y are ! 
,cream ( ,creation1 & e "o ( y a        
sev5-head$ ,solomon4 ,/ay 9 ^? pleasant 
circum/ances & convictions if y please2 
b don't accuse y\r r\ghly br$ & f$ fa!rs
 ( tell+ lies ab\t ! aspect ! e>? & sky 
bore to !m1--till y h trodd5 ! e>? z !y1
 b>efoot1 & se5 ! heav5s z !y1 face to  
face4 ,if y c>e to see & to "k =        
y\rselves1 y may d x ) little pa9s2 y   
ne$ n d any great ?+1 y ne$n't keep "o  
eye op5 & ! o!r %ut = t5 ye>s ov] a     
microscope1 nor fight y\r way ?r\gh     
iceb]gs & d>kness to k ( ! cele/ial     
pole4 ,simply1 d z mu* z k+ aft] k+ ( ! 
,saxons did1--put r\gh %oes on y\r feet 
& a r\gh cloak on y\r %\ld]s1 & walk to 
,rome & back4 ,sleep by ! roadside1 :5 x
 is f9e1--9 ! fir/ ou?\se y c f9d1 :5 x 
is wet2 & live on bread & wat]1 ) an    
onion or two1 all ! way2 & if !         
exp]i5ces :i* y w h to relate on y\r    
return d n1 z may well be1 des]ve ! "n (
 spiritual2 at all ev5ts y w n be       

dispos$ to let o!r p reg>d !m ei!r z    
,poetry or ,fiction4  ,footnote #d3 ,n  
,lond9ian4  ,) ?is w>n+1 pres5tly to be 
at great] l5g? insi/$ on1 ,i trace = y1 
9 ,dean ,/anley's words1 :i* _c be      
bett]$ except 9 ! collection ( _! m     
e>ne/ passages f among 8 int]ludes (    
graceful b dang]\s qualification1--,i   
trace1 ) only su* omission1 ! /ory he   
has told u ( ! f\ndation ( t ,abbey1    
:i*1 he tells y1 0 ! ,"m ( ,london1 &   
has ev] be5 ! %r9e & ! ?rone ( ,engli%  
fai? & tru?4  ,! gradual =mation ( a    
mona/ic body1 indicat$ 9 ! *>t]s ( ,(fa 
& ,edg>1 m>ks ! spread ( ! ,b5$ict9e    
ord] ?r\gh\t ,engl&1 "u ! influ5ce (    
,dun/an4 ,! 't]ror' ( ! spot1 :i* _h    
/ill be5 its *ief *>act]i/ic 9 ! *>t] ( 
! wild ,(fa1 _h1 9 ! days ( ! m peaceful
 ,edg>1 giv5 way to a dubi\s 'r5[n4'    
,twelve monks is ! numb] traditionally  
said to h be5 e/abli%$ by ,dun/an4 ,a   
few acres fur!r up ! riv] =m$ _! *ief   
prop]ty1 & _! mona/ic "* 0 suffici5tly  
recogniz$ to h giv5 to ! old locality ( 

! 't]rible place' ! "n ( ! ',we/]n      
,mona/]y1' or ',m9/] ( ! ,we/4'  ,!     
,b5$ict9es !n--twelve ,b5$ict9e         
monks--?us beg9 ! build+ ( exi/5t       
,*ri/ian ,london4 ,y "k ,i told y !     
,b5$ict9es are ! ,do+ p1 z ! disciples (
 ,/4 ,augu/9e ! ,s5tim5tal p4 ,!        
,b5$ict9es f9d no t]ror 9 _! own        
?\ghts--face ! t]ror ( places--*ange x  
into beauty ( places1--make ?is t]rible 
place1 a ,mo!rly ,place--,"m ( ,london4 
,?is fir/ ,we/m9/]1 h[ev]1 ! ,dean goes 
on to say1 seems to h be5 ov]run by !   
,danes1 & x w\ld h _h no fur!r hi/ory b 
= ! comb9ation ( circum/ances :i*       
direct$ hi!r ! notice ( ,edw>d !        
,confessor4  ,i hav5't "t to read y all 
! comb9ation ( circum/ances4 ,! la/     
cl9*+ circum/ance 0 ?is--  ,!re 0 9 !   
neighb\rhood ( ,worce/]1 'f> f m5 9 !   
wild]ness1 on ! slope ( a wood1 9 a cave
 deep d[n 9 ! grey rock1' a holy h]mit  
'( great age1 liv+ on fruits & roots4'  
,"o night :51 aft] read+ 9 ! ,scriptures
 'h[ h>d are ! pa9s ( hell1 & h[ !      

endur+ life ( ,heav5 is sweet & to be   
desir$1' he c\ld nei!r sleep nor repose1
 ,/4 ,pet] appe>$ to him1 'bright &     
beautiful1 l to a cl]k1' & w>n$ him to  
tell ! ,k+ t he 0 releas$ f 8 v[2 t on t
 v day 8 mess5g]s w\ld return f ,rome2  
7t is ! comb9ation ( circum/ances--br++ 
,pope's ord] to build a *ur* to release 
! ,k+ f 8 v[ ( pilgrimage72 t 'at       
,?orney1 two leagues f ! city1' 0 ! spot
 m>k$ out :]e1 9 an anci5t *ur*1        
'situat$ l[1' he 0 to e/abli% a p]fect  
,b5$ict9e mona/]y1 :i* %\ld be '! gate (
 heav51 ! ladd] ( pray]1 :5ce ^? :o s]ve
 ,/4 ,pet] !re1 %all by him be admitt$  
into ,p>adise4' ,! h]mit writes ! acc\nt
 ( ! vision on p>*m5t1 seals x ) wax1 & 
br+s x to ! ,k+1 :o comp>es x ) ! answ] 
( ! mess5g]s1 j arriv$ f ,rome1 &       
det]m9es on c>ry+ out ! design z !      
,apo/le _h ord]$4  ,! anci5t *ur*1      
'situat$ l[1' indicat$ 9 ?is vision ! "o
 ^: atta*$ mona/]y _h be5 de/roy$ by !  
,danes1 b its little *ur* rema9$1 & 0   
already de> to ! ,confessor1 n only f ! 

lovely tradition ( its d$ication by ! _s
 ( ,/4 ,pet]2 7y mu/ read t =           
y\rselves27 b also because ( two        
miracles happ5+ !re to ! ,k+ himself4   
,! fir/ 0 ! cure ( a cripple1 :o sat 9 !
 road betwe5 ! ,palace & '! ,*apel ( ,/4
 ,pet]1' :i* 0 'ne>1' & :o expla9$ to ! 
,*amb]la9 ,hugol9 t1 aft] six           
pilgrimages to ,rome 9 va91 ,/4 ,pet] _h
 promis$ 8 cure if ! ,k+ w\ld1 on 8 own 
royal neck1 c>ry him to ! ,mona/]y4 ,!  
,k+ imm$iately cons5t$2 &1 amid/ ! sc(fs
 ( ! c\rt1 bore ! poor man to ! /eps ( !
 ,high ,alt>4 ,!re ! cripple 0 receiv$  
by ,godric ! sacri/an1 & walk$ away on 8
 own re/or$ feet1 hang+ 8 /ool on ! wall
 = a trophy4  ,be=e t same ,high ,alt> 0
 also believ$ to h be5 se5 "o ( !       
,eu*>i/ical port5ts1 s frequ5t 9 !      
,middle ,ages4 ,a *ild1 'pure & bright l
 a _s1' appe>$ to ! ,k+ 9 ! sacram5tal  
elem5ts4 ,le(ric1 ,e>l ( ,m]cia1 :o1 ) 8
 fam\s c\ntess1 ,godiva1 0 pres5t1 saw x
 also4  ,su* z ^! 7 ! motives ( ,edw>d4 
,"u _! influ5ce 0 fix$ :at has ev] s9ce 

be5 ! local c5tre ( ! ,engli% mon>*y4   
,su* z ^! 7 ! motives ( ,edw>d1 says !  
,dean4 ,yes1 c]ta9ly2 b su* z ^! also1  
fir/1 7 ! acts & visions ( ,edw>d4 ,take
 c>e t y don't slip away1 by ! help ( ! 
glyc]9e ( ! ^w motives1 into fancy+ t   
all ^! tales are only ! aft] col\rs &   
pictorial metaphors ( s5tim5tal piety4  
,!y are ei!r pla9 tru? or black lies2   
take y\r *oice1--b don't tickle & treat 
y\rselves ) ! prett9ess or !            
grotesqu5ess ( !m1 z if !y 7 ,&]ss5's   
fairy tales4 ,ei!r ! ,k+ did c>ry !     
begg> on 8 back1 or he didn't2 ei!r     
,godiva rode ?r\gh ,cov5try1 or %e      
didn't2 ei!r ! ,e>l ,le(ric saw ! vision
 ( ! bright *ild at ! alt>--or he li$ l 
a knave4 ,judge1 z y w2 b d n ,d\bt4  ,!
 ,abbey 0 fifte5 ye>s 9 build+4 ,! ,k+  
sp5t ^u x "o-t5? ( ! prop]ty ( ! k+dom4 
,x 0 to be a m>vel ( its k9d4 ,z 9 its  
orig9 x bore ! traces ( ! fanta/ic &    
*ildi% 7,i mu/ pause1 to ask y to       
sub/itute = ^! blameful t]ms1 'fanta/ic 
& *ildi%1' ! bett] ones ( 'imag9ative & 

pure'7 "* ( ! ,k+ & ( ! age2 9 its      
ar*itecture x bore ! /amp ( ! peculi>   
position :i* ,edw>d occupi$ 9 ,engli%   
hi/ory betwe5 ,saxon & ,norman4 ,by bir?
 he 0 a ,saxon1 b 9 all else he 0 a     
=eign]4 ,accord+ly ! ,*ur* at ,we/m9/] 0
 a wide-sweep+ innovation on all t _h   
be5 se5 be=e4 ',de/roy+ ! old build+1'  
he says 9 8 *>t]1 ',i h built up a new  
"o f ! v f\ndation4' ,its fame z a 'new 
/yle ( composition' l+]$ 9 ! m9ds ( m5 =
 g5]ations4 ,x 0 ! fir/ cruci=m *ur* 9  
,engl&1 f :i* all ! re/ ( l %ape 7      
copi$--an expression ( ! increas+ hold  
:i*1 9 ! t5? c5tury1 ! idea ( !         
,crucifixion _h laid on ! imag9ation (  
,europe4 ,! massive ro( & pill>s =m$ a  
contra/ ) ! rude wood5 raft]s & beams ( 
! common ,saxon *ur*es4 ,its v          
size--occupy+1 z x did1 almo/ ! :ole    
area ( ! pres5t build+--0 9 itself      
port5t\s4 ,! deep f\ndations1 ( l>ge    
squ>e blocks ( grey /one1 7 duly laid2 !
 ea/ end 0 r\nd$ into an apse2 a t[]    
rose 9 ! c5tre1 cr[n$ by a cupola (     

wood4 ,at ! we/]n end 7 erect$ two      
small] t[]s1 ) five l>ge bells4 ,! h>d  
/rong /ones 7 ri*ly sculptur$2 ! w9d[s 7
 fill$ ) /a9$ glass2 ! ro( 0 cov]$ )    
lead4 ,! cloi/]s1 *apt]-h\se1 refectory1
 dormitory1 ! infirm>y1 ) its spaci\s   
*apel1 if n complet$ by ,edw>d1 7 all   
begun1 & f9i%$ 9 ! next g5]ation on !   
same plan4 ,?is /ructure1 v5]able z x   
w\ld be if x _h la/$ to our "t1 has     
almo/ entirely vani%$4 ,possibly "o va/ 
d>k ar* 9 ! s\!rn transept1 c]ta9ly !   
sub/ructures ( ! dormitory1 ) _! huge   
pill>s1 'gr& & regal at ! bases &       
capitals1' ! massive1 l[-br[$ passage   
lead+ f ! great cloi/] to ,little       
,dean's ,y>d1 & "s portions ( !         
refectory & ( ! infirm>y *apel1 rema9 z 
specim5s ( ! "w :i* a/oni%$ ! la/ age ( 
! ,anglo-,saxon & ! fir/ age ( ! ,norman
 mon>*y4  ,hi!rto ,i h read to y ) only 
supplem5tal comm5t4 ,b 9 ! next foll[+  
passage1 ) :i* ,i close my s]ies (      
extracts1 s5t5ce aft] s5t5ce occurs1 at 
:i* z ,i read1 ,i mu/ raise my h&1 to   

m>k x = foll[+ deprecation1 or d5ial4   
,9 ! c5tre ( ,we/m9/] ,abbey ?us lies   
its ,f\nd]1 & su* is ! /ory ( its       
f\ndation4 ,ev5 ap>t f ! leg5d>y elem5ts
 9 :i* x is involv$1 x is impossible n  
to be /ruck by ! fanta/ic "* ( all its  
circum/ances4 ,we seem to be 9 a _w (   
poetry4 7,i prote/1 ,no47 ,edw>d is f\r 
c5turies lat] ?an ,e!lb]t & ,augu/9e2 b 
! orig9 ( ,cant]bury is commonplace &   
prosaic comp>$ ) ! orig9 ( ,we/m9/]4    
7,yes1 t's true47 ,we c h>dly imag9e a  
figure m incongru\s to ! sob]ness ( lat]
 times ?an ! qua9t1 irresolute1 wayw>d  
pr9ce ^: *ief *>act]i/ics h j be5       
describ$4 ,8 titles ( ,confessor & ,sa9t
 belong n to ! g5]al in/9cts ( ,*ri/5dom
 b to ! mo/ transitory feel+s ( ! age4  
7,i prote/1 ,no47 ,8 op9ions1 8 prevail+
 motives1 7 su* z 9 no "p ( mod]n       
,europe w\ld n[ be %>$ by any educat$   
tea*] or rul]4 7,t's true en\gh47 ,b 9  
spite ( ^! irreconcilable diff]5ces1 !re
 0 a solid gr\nd = ! *>m :i* he ex]cis$ 
ov] 8 contempor>ies4 ,8 *ildi% &        

ecc5tric fancies h pass$ away2 7,i      
prote/1 ,no27 b 8 innoc5t fai? & 8      
sympa?y ) 8 p are qualities :i*1 ev5 9  
our alt]$ times1 may /ill reta9 _! place
 9 ! economy ( ! _w4 ,we/m9/] ,abbey1 s 
we he> x said1 sometimes ) a cynical    
sne]1 sometimes ) a timor\s scruple1 has
 admitt$ )9 its walls _m :o h be5 great 
)\t be+ good1 noble ) a nobl5ess ( ! e>?
 e>?y1 worldly ) ! wisdom ( ?is _w4 ,b x
 is a c\nt]balanc+ reflection1 t !      
c5tral tomb1 r\nd :i* all ^? fam\s names
 h clu/]$1 conta9s ! a%es ( "o :o1 weak 
& err+ z he 01 re/s 8 claims ( int]m5t  
"h1 n on any act ( p[] or fame1 b only  
on 8 artless piety & simple goodness4   
,he1 t[>ds ^: du/ 0 attract$ ! fi]ce    
,norman1 & ! pr\d ,plantag5et1 & !      
grasp+ ,tudor1 & ! fickle ,/u>t1 ev5 !  
,indep5d5t ,oliv]1 ! ,dut* ,william1 & !
 ,hanov]ian ,george1 0 "o ^: humble     
graces are )9 ! rea* ( e man1 woman1 &  
*ild ( e "t1 if we rightly "p ! immortal
 sub/ance f ! p]i%able =m4  ,n[ ,i h    
read y ^! passages f ,dean ,/anley z !  

mo/ accurately inve/igatory1 ! mo/      
g5]\sly sympa!tic1 ! mo/ rev]5tly       
acceptant acc\nt ( ^! days1 & _! p1 :i* 
y c yet f9d 9 any ,engli% hi/ory4 ,b    
consid] n[1 po9t by po9t1 :]e x leaves  
y4 ,y are told1 fir/1 t y are liv+ 9 an 
age ( poetry4 ,b ! days ( poetry are ^? 
( ,%akespe>e & ,milton1 n ( ,b$e3 nay1 =
 _! especial weal? 9 melodi\s !ology &  
beautifully rhy?mic & pa!tic m$itation1 
p]haps ! days :i* h giv5 u ',hiawa?a1'  
',9 ,memoriam1' ',! ,*ri/ian ,ye>1' & ! 
',s\l's ,di>y' ( ,george ,macdonald1 may
 be n ) disgrace comp>$ ) ^? ( ,ca$mon4 
,& no?+ c be f>!r diff]5t f ! temp]1    
no?+ less consci\s ( ! ef=t1 ( a poet1  
?an any f9ally au!ntic docum5t to :i* y 
c be ref]r$ = ! relation ( a ,saxon     
miracle4  ,i w read y1 = a p]fectly     
typical example1 an acc\nt ( "o f ,b$e's
 ',life ( ,/4 ,cu?b]t1' ,! passage is a 
fav\rite "o ( my own1 b ,i d n 9 ! lea/ 
anticipate its produc+ ^u y ! solemniz+ 
effect :i* ,i ?9k ,i c\ld comm& f read+1
 in/ead1 a piece ( ',m>mion1' ',manfr$1'

 or ',*ilde ,h>old4'  444 ,he _h "o day 
left 8 cell to give advice to "s        
visitors2 & :5 he _h f9i%$1 he said to  
!m1 ',i mu/ n[ g 9 aga91 b d y1 z y are 
incl9$ to dep>t1 fir/ take food2 & :5 y 
h cook$ & eat5 t goose :i* is hang+ on !
 wall1 g on bo>d y\r vessel 9 ,god's "n 
& return home4' ,he !n utt]$ a pray]1 &1
 hav+ bless$ !m1 w5t 94 ,b !y1 z he _h  
bidd5 !m1 took "s food2 b hav+ en\gh    
provisions ( _! own1 :i* !y _h br\ght ) 
!m1 !y did n t\* ! goose4  ,b :5 !y _h  
refre%$ !mselves !y tri$ to g on bo>d _!
 vessel1 b a sudd5 /orm utt]ly prev5t$  
!m f putt+ to sea4 ,!y 7 ?us deta9$ sev5
 days 9 ! isl& by ! r\ghness ( ! waves1 
& yet !y c\ld n call to m9d :at fault !y
 _h committ$4 ,!y !re=e return$ to h an 
int]view ) ! holy fa!r1 & to lam5t to   
him _! det5tion4 ,he exhort$ !m to be   
pati5t1 & on ! sev5? day came out to    
console _! sorr[1 & to give !m pi\s     
exhortations4 ,:51 h[ev]1 he _h ent]$ ! 
h\se 9 :i* !y 7 /opp+1 & saw t ! goose 0
 n eat51 he reprov$ _! disob$i5ce ) mild

 c\nt5ance & 9 g5tle language3 ',h y n  
left ! goose /ill hang+ 9 its place8    
,:at wond] is x t ! /orm has prev5t$ y\r
 dep>ture8 ,put x imm$iately into !     
caldron1 & boil & eat x1 t ! sea may    
become tranquil1 & y may return home4'  
,!y imm$iately did z he comm&$2 & x     
happ5$ mo/ wond]fully t ! mom5t ! kettle
 began to boil ! w9d began to cease1 & !
 waves to be /ill ,hav+ f9i%$ _! repa/1 
& see+ t ! sea 0 calm1 !y w5t on bo>d1 &
 to _! great delight1 ?\gh ) %ame = _!  
neglect1 rea*$ home ) a fair w9d4 ,n[   
?is1 z ,i h relat$1 ,i did n pick up f  
any *ance au?ority1 b ,i _h x f "o ( ^? 
:o 7 pres5t1 a mo/ rev]5d monk & prie/ (
 ! same mona/]y1 ,cynemund1 :o /ill     
lives1 kn[n to _m 9 ! neighb\rhood = 8  
ye>s & ! purity ( 8 life4         99    
99       99       99       99  ,i hope t
 ! memory ( ?is /ory1 :i*1 ?9k+ x myself
 an extremely pretty "o1 ,i h giv5 y1 n 
only = a type ( s9c]ity & simplicity1 b 
= an illu/ration ( ob$i5ce1 may at all  
ev5ts quit y1 = good & all1 ( ! notion t

 ! believ]s & witnesses ( miracle 7     
poetical p]sons4 ,say+ no m on ! head ( 
t allegation1 ,i proce$ to ! ,dean's    
second "o1 :i* ,i _c b int]pret z also  
int5d$ to be injuri\s1--t !y 7 artless &
 *ildi% ones2 & t because ( ?is rud5ess 
& pu]ility1 _! motives & op9ions w\ld n 
be %>$ by any /atesm5 ( ! pres5t day4   
,x is p]fectly true t ,edw>d !          
,confessor 0 himself 9 _m respects (    
really *ildi% temp]am5t2 n !re=e1       
p]haps1 z ,i be=e sugge/$ to y1 less    
v5]able4 ,b ! age ( :i* we are exam9+ ! 
progress1 0 by no means repres5t$ or    
gov]n$ by m5 ( simil> disposition4 ,x 0 
em95tly productive (--x 0 altoge!r      
gov]n$1 guid$1 & in/ruct$ by--m5 ( !    
wide/ & mo/ brilliant faculties1 :e!r   
con/ructive or speculative1 t ! _w till 
!n _h se52 m5 ^: acts became ! romance1 
^: ?\ghts ! wisdom1 & ^: arts !         
treasure1 ( a ?\s& ye>s ( futurity4  ,i 
w>n$ y at ! close ( la/ lecture aga9/ ! 
too agreeable vanity ( suppos+ t !      
,evangelization ( ! _w began at ,/4     

,m>t9's1 ,cant]bury4 ,aga9 & aga9 y w   
inde$ f9d ! /ream ( ! ,gospel contract+ 
itself into n>r[ *annels1 & appe>+1 aft]
 long-conceal$ filtration1 ?r\gh ve9s ( 
unmeasur$ rock1 ) ! bright resili5ce ( a
 m\nta9 spr+4 ,b y w f9d x ! only c&id1 
& !re=e ! only wise1 way ( rese>*1 to   
look 9 ea* era ( ,*ri/5dom = ! m9ds (   
culm9at+ p[] 9 all its bro!rhood (      
nations2 &1 c>eless ( local impulse1    
mom5t>y zeal1 picturesque incid5t1 or   
vaunt$ miracle1 to fa/5 y\r att5tion ^u 
! =ce ( "* 9 ! m51 :om1 ov] ea*         
newly-conv]t$ race1 ,heav5 visibly sets 
= its %eph]ds & k+s1 to br+ =? judgm5t  
unto victory4 ,( ^! ,i w "n to y1 z     
mess5g]s ( ,god & ma/]s ( m51 five monks
 & five k+s2 9 ^: arms dur+ ! range (   
swiftly ga9ful c5turies :i* we are      
foll[+1 ! life ( ! _w lay z a nursl+    
babe4 ,rememb]1 9 _! successive ord]1--(
 monks1 ,/4 ,j]ome1 ,/4 ,augu/9e1 ,/4   
,m>t91 ,/4 ,b5$ict1 & ,/4 ,gregory2 (   
k+s1--& y\r national vanity may be      
surely en\gh appeas$ 9 recogniz+ two (  

!m = ,saxon1--,!odoric1 ,*>lemagne1     
,alfr$1 ,canute1 & ! ,confessor4 ,i w   
read ?ree passages to y1 out ( ! lit]al 
words ( ?ree ( ^! t5 m51 )\t say+ ^: !y 
are1 t y may comp>e !m ) ! be/ & mo/    
exalt$ y h read express+ ! philosophy1 !
 religion1 & ! policy ( to-day1--f :i*  
,i admit1 ) ,dean ,/anley1 b ) a f>     
diff]5t mean+ f 81 t !y are inde$       
sep>ate = ev]more4 ,i give y fir/1 = an 
example ( ,philosophy1 a s+le s5t5ce1   
conta9+ all--s f> z ,i c myself         
disc]n--t x is possible = u to "k1 or   
well = u to believe1 respect+ ! _w & its
 laws4   ,,( ,,god',s ,,univ]sal        
,,provid5ce1 ,,rul+ ,,all1 ,,&          
,,compris+ ,,all4  ,:]e=e ! great &     
mighty ,god2 ,he t made man a reasonable
 creature ( s\l & body1 & ,he t did     
nei!r let him pass unpuni%$ = 8 s91 nor 
yet exclud$ him f m]cy2 ,he t gave1 bo? 
unto good & bad1 ess5ce ) ! /ones1 p[] (
 production ) ! trees1 s5ses ) ! bea/s (
 ! field1 & und]/&+ ) ! angels2 ,he f   
:om is all be+1 beauty1 =m1 & numb]1    

weight1 & measure2 ,he f :om all nature1
 mean & excell5t1 all se$s ( =m1 all =ms
 ( se$1 all motion1 bo? ( =ms & se$s1   
d]ive & h be+2 ,he t gave fle% ! orig9al
 beauty1 /r5g?1 propagation1 =m & %ape1 
heal? & symmetry2 ,he t gave !          
unreasonable s\l1 s5se1 memory1 &       
appetite2 ! reasonable1 besides ^!1     
fantasy1 und]/&+1 & w2 ,he1 ,i say1 hav+
 left nei!r heav51 nor e>?1 nor angel1  
nor man1 no1 nor ! mo/ base &           
contemptible creature1 nei!r ! bird's   
fea!r1 nor ! h]b's fl[]1 nor ! tree's   
leaf1 )\t ! true h>mony ( _! p>ts1 &    
peaceful concord ( composition3--,x is 9
 no way cr$ible t ,he w\ld leave !      
k+doms ( m5 & _! bondages & fre$om loose
 & uncompris$ 9 ! laws ( ,8 et]nal      
provid5ce4#e  ,footnote #e3 ,f ,/4      
,augu/9e's ',citie ( ,god1' ,book ,v41  
*4 xi4 7,engli% trans41 pr9t$ by ,george
 ,eld1 #afaj47  ,?is = ! philosophy4#f  
,next1 ,i take = example ( ! ,religion (
 our ance/ors1 a pray]1 p]sonally &     
passionately (f]$ to ! ,deity conceiv$ z

 y h ?is mom5t he>d4  ,footnote #f3 ,"h 
"o ( ! ,/ones ( ,we/m9/] 0 %[n & comm5t$
 on4  ,o ,?\ :o art ! ,fa!r ( t ,son :i*
 has awak5$ u1 & yet urge? u out ( !    
sleep ( our s9s1 & exhorte? u t we      
become ,?9e2 7note y t1 = appreh5sion ( 
:at ,r$emption means1 aga9/ y\r base &  
c[>dly mod]n notion ( 'scap+ :ipp+4 ,n  
to take away ! ,puni%m5t ( ,s91 b by ,8 
,resurrection to raise u out ( ! sleep (
 s9 itself6 ,comp>e ! leg5d at ! feet ( 
! ,lion ( ! ,tribe ( ,judah 9 ! gold5   
,gospel ( ,*>les le ,*auve#g3--    ,,hic
 ,,leo ,,surg5do ,,portas ,,confregit   
,,av]ni   ,,qui ,,nunquam ,,dormit1     
,,nusquam ,,dormitat ,,9 ,,aevum27  to  
,!e1 ,"l1 ,i pray1 :o art ! supreme     
tru?2 = all ! tru? t is1 is tru? f ,!e4 
,!e ,i implore1 ,o ,"l1 :o art ! highe/ 
wisdom4 ,?r\gh ,!e are wise all ^? t are
 s4 ,?\ art ! true life1 & ?r\gh ,!e are
 liv+ all ^? t are s4 ,?\ art ! supreme 
felicity1 & f ,!e all h become happy t  
are s4 ,?\ art ! highe/ good1 & f ,!e   
all beauty spr+s4 ,?\ art ! intellectual

 light1 & f ,!e man d]ives 8 und]/&+4   
,footnote #g3 ,at ,muni*3 ! leaf has be5
 exquisitely drawn & leg5d communicat$  
to me by ,pr(essor ,we/wood4 ,x is      
writt5 9 gold on purple4  ,to ,!e1 ,o   
,god1 ,i call & speak4 ,he>1 ,o he> me1 
,"l6 = ,?\ art my ,god & my ,"l2 my     
,fa!r & my ,creator2 my rul] & my hope2 
my weal? & my hon\r my h\se1 my c\ntry1 
my salvation1 & my life6 ,he>1 he> me1  
,o ,"l6 ,few ( ,?y s]vants compreh5d    
,!e4 ,b ,!e alone ,i love1#h inde$1     
above all o!r ?+s4 ,!e ,i seek3 ,!e ,i w
 foll[3 ,!e ,i am ready to s]ve4 ,"u ,?y
 p[] ,i desire to abide1 = ,?\ alone art
 ! ,sov]eign ( all4 ,i pray ,!e to comm&
 me z ,?\ wilt4  ,footnote #h3 ,mean+--n
 t he is ( ^? few1 b t1 )\t compreh5d+1 
at lea/1 z a dog1 he c love4  ,y see ?is
 pray] is simply ! expansion ( t clause 
( ! ,"l's ,pray] :i* mo/ m5 eag]ly omit 
f x1--,fiat voluntas tua4 ,9 be+ s1 x   
sums ! ,*ri/ian pray] ( all ages4 ,see  
n[1 9 ! ?ird place1 h[ f> ?is k+'s lett]
 ,i am go+ to read to y sums also       

,*ri/ian ,policy4      ,:]e=e ,i r5d]   
high ?anks to ,almighty ,god1 = ! happy 
accompli%m5t ( all ! desires :i* ,i h   
set be=e me1     & = ! satisfy+ ( my e  
wi%4      ,n[ !re=e1 be x kn[n to y all1
 t to ,almighty ,god     ,himself ,i h1 
on my knees1 devot$ my life1 to ! end t 
9 all ?+s ,i may d ju/ice1 & ) ju/ice & 
rightness     rule ! k+doms & peoples "u
 me2 ?r\gh\t ev]y?+     pres]v+ an      
imp>tial judgm5t4 ,if1 h]et(ore1 ,i h1  
?r\gh be+1 z "y m5 are1 impulsive or    
c>eless1 done     any?+ unju/1 ,i mean1 
) ,god's help1 to lose no "t     9      
rem$y+ my fault4 ,to :i* end ,i call to 
witness my     c\nsellors1 to :om ,i h  
entru/$ ! c\nsels ( !     k+dom1 & ,i   
*>ge !m t by no means1 be x ?r\gh       
fe> ( me1 or ! fav\r ( any o!r p[]ful   
p]sonage1 to     cons5t to any inju/ice1
 or to suff] any to %oot out 9 any      
"p ( my k+dom4 ,i *>ge all my visc\nts &
 ^? set     ov] my :ole k+dom1 z !y wi% 
to keep my fri5d%ip or     _! own       
safety1 to use no unju/ =ce to any man1 

ri* or     poor2 let all m51 noble & n  
noble1 ri* & poor alike1     be able to 
obta9 _! rights "u ! law's ju/ice2 &    
f t law let !re be no deviation1 ei!r to
 fav\r !     k+ or any p[]ful p]son1 nor
 to raise money = me4 ,i h     no ne$ ( 
money rais$ by :at is unfair4 ,i also   
w\ld h     y "k t ,i g n[ to make peace 
& firm treaty by !     c\nsels ( all my 
subjects1 ) ^? nations & p :o     wi%$1 
_h x be5 possible = !m to d s1 :i* x 0  
n1 to deprive u alike ( k+dom & ( life4 
,god br\ght     d[n _! /r5g? to n\ght3 &
 may ,he ( ,8 b5ign love     pres]ve u  
on our ?rone & 9 hon\r4 ,la/ly1 :5 ,i h 
made peace ) ! neighb\r+ nations1 &     
settl$ &     pacifi$ all my dom9ions 9 !
 ,ea/1 s t we may n[h]e     h any w> or 
enmity to fe>1 ,i mean to come to ,engl&
 ?is     summ]1 z soon z ,i c fit out   
vessels to sail4 ,my reason1     h[ev]1 
9 s5d+ ?is lett] fir/ is to let all ! p 
( my k+dom %>e 9 ! joy ( my welf>e3 = z 
y     y\rselves "k1 ,i h nev] sp>$      
myself or my lab\r2 nor     w ,i ev] d  

s1 :]e my p are really 9 want ( "s      
good t ,i c d !m4  ,:at ?9k y n[1 9 c&\r
 & hon\r1 y y\? ( ! latt] days1--:at ?9k
 y ( ^! types ( ! ?\ght1 devotion1 &    
gov]nm5t1 :i* n 9 words1 b pregnant &   
p]petual fact1 animat$ ^! :i* y h be5   
accu/om$ to call ! ,d>k ,ages8  ,!      
,philosophy is ,augu/9e's2 ! ,pray]     
,alfr$'s2 & ! ,lett] ,canute's4  ,&1    
:atev] y may feel respect+ ! beauty or  
wisdom ( ^! say+s1 be assur$ ( "o ?+    
above all1 t !y are s9c]e2 & ( ano!r1   
less (t5 obs]v$1 t !y are joyful4  ,be  
assur$1 9 ! fir/ place1 t !y are s9c]e1 
,! ideas ( diplomacy & prie/craft are ( 
rec5t times4 ,no false knight or ly+    
prie/ ev] prosp]$1 ,i believe1 9 any    
age1 b c]ta9ly n 9 ! d>k ones4 ,m5      
prosp]$ !n1 only 9 foll[+ op5ly-decl>$  
purposes1 & prea*+ c&idly belov$ & tru/$
 cre$s4  ,& t !y did s prosp]1 9 !      
degree 9 :i* !y accept$ & proclaim$ !   
,*ri/ian ,gospel1 may be se5 by any ( y 
9 y\r hi/orical read+1 h[ev] p>tial1 if 
only y w admit ! idea t x c\ld be s1 & 0

 likely to be s4 ,y are all ( y 9 !     
habit ( suppos+ t temporal prosp]ity is 
ow+ ei!r to worldly *ance or to worldly 
prud5ce2 & is nev] grant$ 9 any visible 
relation to /ates ( religi\s temp]4 ,put
 t trea*]\s d\bt away f y1 ) disda92    
take = basis ( reason+ ! noble po/ulate1
 t ! elem5ts ( ,*ri/ian fai? are        
s\nd1--in/ead ( ! base "o1 t !y are     
deceptive2 r]ead ! great /ory ( ! _w 9 t
 light1 & see :at a vividly real1 yet   
miracul\s t5or1 x w !n be> to y4  ,_!   
fai? !n1 ,i tell y fir/1 0 s9c]e2 ,i    
tell y secondly t x 01 9 a degree few ( 
u c n[ conceive1 joyful4 ,we cont9ually 
he> ( ! trials1 sometimes ( ! victories1
 ( ,fai?1--b sc>cely ev] ( its          
pleasures4 ,:]eas1 at ?is "t1 y w f9d t 
! *ief delight ( all good m5 0 9 !      
recognition ( ! goodness & wisdom ( !   
,ma/]1 :o _h come to dwell ) !m ^u e>?4 
,x is almo/ impossible = y to conceive !
 vividness ( ?is s5se 9 !m2 x is totally
 impossible = y to conceive ! com=t1    
peace1 & =ce ( x4 ,9 ev]y?+ t y n[ d or 

seek1 y expose y\rselves to c\ntless    
mis]ies ( %ame & disappo9tm5t1 because 9
 y\r do+ y dep5d on no?+ b y\r own p[]s1
 & 9 seek+ *oose only y\r own           
gratification4 ,y _c = ! mo/ "p conceive
 ( any "w b = y\r own int]e/s1 or !     
int]e/s ( o!rs ab\t :om y are anxi\s 9 !
 same fai?less way2 ev]y?+ ab\t :i*     
passion is excit$ 9 y or skill ex]t$ is 
"s object ( mat]ial life1 & ! idea ( do+
 any?+ except = y\r own praise or pr(it 
has n>r[$ itself into little m ?an !    
prec5tor's invitation to ! company )    
little voice & less practice to s+ to ! 
praise & glory ( ,god4  ,i h said t y _c
 imag9e ! feel+ ( ! en]gy ( daily life  
appli$ 9 ! real mean+ ( ^? words4 ,y _c 
imag9e x1 b y c prove x4 ,are any ( y   
will+1 simply z a philosophical exp]im5t
 9 ! greate/ ( sci5ces1 to adopt !      
pr9ciples & feel+s ( ^! m5 ( a ?\s& ye>s
 ago = a giv5 "t1 say = a ye>8 ,x _c    
possibly d y any h>m to try1 & y _c     
possibly le>n :at is true 9 ^! ?+s1 )\t 
try+4 ,if aft] a ye>'s exp]i5ce ( su*   

me?od y f9d y\rself no happi] ?an be=e1 
at lea/ y w be able to support y\r      
pres5t op9ions at once ) m grace & m    
mode/y2 hav+ conc$$ ! trial x ask$ =1 to
 ! opposite side4 ,nor 9 act+ tempor>ily
 on a fai? y d n see to be reasonable1 d
 y compromise y\r own integrity m1 ?an 9
 conduct+1 "u a *emi/'s directions1 an  
exp]im5t ( :i* he =etells inexplicable  
consequ5ces4 ,& y ne$ n d\bt ! p[] y    
possess ov] y\r own m9ds to d ?is4 ,7   
fai? n volunt>y1 x c\ld n be prais$1 &  
w\ld n be rew>d$4  ,if y are m9d$ ?us to
 try1 beg9 ea* day ) ,alfr$'s           
pray]1--fiat voluntas tua2 resolv+ t y w
 /& to x1 & t no?+ t happ5s 9 ! c\rse ( 
! day %all displease y4 ,!n set to any  
"w y h 9 h& ) ! sift$ & purifi$         
resolution t ambition %all n mix ) x1   
nor love ( ga91 nor desire ( pleasure m 
?an is appo9t$ = y2 & t no anxiety %all 
t\* y z to its issue1 nor any impati5ce 
nor regret if x fail4 ,imag9e t ! ?+ is 
be+ done ?r\gh y1 n by y2 t ! good ( x  
may nev] be kn[n1 b t at lea/1 unless by

 y\r rebellion or fooli%ness1 !re c come
 no evil into x1 nor wrong *ance to x4  
,resolve also ) /eady indu/ry to d :at y
 c = ! help ( y\r c\ntry & its hon\r1 & 
! hon\r ( its ,god2 & t y w n jo9 h&s 9 
its iniquity1 nor turn aside f its      
mis]y2 & t 9 all y d & feel y w look    
frankly = ! imm$iate help & direction1 &
 to y\r own consci5ces1 express$        
approval1 ( ,god4 ,live ?us1 & believe1 
& ) swiftness ( answ] proportion$ to !  
frankness ( ! tru/1 mo/ surely ! ,god ( 
hope w fill y ) all joy & peace 9       
believ+4  ,b1 if y w n d ?is1 if y h n  
c\rage nor he>t en\gh to break away !   
fett]s ( e>?1 & take up ! s5sual b$ ( x1
 & walk2 if y say t y are b\nd to w9 ?is
 ?+1 & become ! o!r ?+1 & t ! wi%es (   
y\r fri5ds1--& ! int]e/s ( y\r          
family1--& ! bias ( y\r g5ius1--& !     
expectations ( y\r college1--& all ! re/
 ( ! b[-w[-w[ ( ! wild dog-_w1 mu/ be   
att5d$ to1 :e!r y l x or no1--!n1 at    
lea/1 = %ame give up talk ab\t be+ free 
or indep5d5t creatures2 recognize       

y\rselves = slaves 9 :om ! ?\ghts are   
put 9 w>d ) _! bodies1 & _! he>ts       
manacl$ ) _! h&s3 & !n at lea/ also1 =  
%ame1 if y refuse to believe t ev] !re 7
 m5 :o gave _! s\ls to ,god1--"k &      
confess h[ surely !re are ^? :o sell !m 
to ,8 adv]s>y4     ,,lecture ,,iii4  ,,!
 ,,pleasures ,,( ,,de$4  ,,alfr$ ,,to   
,,coeur ,,de ,,lion4   ,x 0 my endeav\r1
 9 ! prec$+ lecture1 to v9dicate !      
?\ghts & arts ( our ,saxon ance/ors f   
:atev] scorn might lie c\*$ "u ! t]ms   
appli$ to !m by ,dean                   
,/anley1--'fanta/ic' & '*ildi%4' ,to-day
 my task mu/ be c>ri$ =w>d1 fir/1 9     
ass]t+ ! grace 9 fantasy1 & ! =ce 9     
infancy1 ( ! ,engli% m9d1 be=e !        
,conque/1 aga9/ ! allegations conta9$ 9 
! f9al passage ( ,dean ,/anley's        
description ( ! fir/ f\nd$ ,we/m9/]2 a  
passage :i* accepts & ass]ts1 m di/9ctly
 ?an any o!r equally brief /atem5t ,i h 
met )1 ! to my m9d extremely disputable 
!ory1 t ! ,norman invasion 0 9 e respect
 a sanit>y1 moral1 & intellectual bless+

 to ,engl&1 & t ! arr[ :i* slew h]      
,h>old 0 inde$ ! ,arr[ ( ! ,"l's        
deliv]ance4  ,! ,abbey itself1 says     
,dean ,/anley1--! *ief "w ( !           
,confessor's life1--0 ! port5t ( !      
mighty future4 ,:5 ,h>old /ood beside 8 
si/] ,edi?1 on ! day ( ! d$ication1 &   
sign$ 8 "n ) h]s z witness to ! ,*>t] ( 
! ,abbey1 he might h se5 t he 0 seal+ 8 
own doom1 & prep>+ = 8 own de/ruction4  
,! solid pill>s1 ! pond]\s ar*es1 ! huge
 edifice1 ) triple t[] & sculptur$ /ones
 & /ori$ w9d[s1 t arose 9 ! place & 9 ! 
mid/ ( ! humble wood5 *ur*es & wattl$   
t5em5ts ( ! ,saxon p]iod1 might h w>n$ !
 nobles :o 7 pres5t t ! days ( _! rule 7
 numb]$1 & t ! av5g+1 civiliz+1 /imulat+
 h& ( ano!r & a mighti] race 0 at "w1   
:i* w\ld *ange ! :ole face ( _!         
language1 _! mann]s1 _! ,*ur*1 & _!     
commonweal?4 ,! ,abbey1 s f> exce$+ !   
dem&s ( ! dull & /agnant m9ds ( our     
,anglo-,saxon ance/ors1 0 f\nd$ n only 9
 fai?1 b 9 hope3 9 ! hope t ,engl& _h   
yet a glori\s c>e] to run2 t ! l9e ( h] 

sov]eigns w\ld n be brok51 ev5 :5 ! race
 ( ,alfr$ _h ceas$ to reign4  ,!re mu/  
surely be "s among my he>]s :o are      
/>tl$1 if n (f5d$1 at be+ told 9 ! t]ms 
:i* ,i emphasiz$ 9 ?is s5t5ce1 t ! m9ds 
( our ,saxon fa!rs 71 al?\gh fanta/ic1  
dull1 &1 al?\gh *ildi%1 /agnant2 t f>!r1
 9 _! fanta/ic /agnation2 !y 7          
savage1--& 9 _! innoc5t dullness1       
crim9al2 s t ! future "* & =tune ( !    
race dep5d$ on ! critical adv5t ( !     
didactic & discipl9>ian ,norman b>on1 at
 once to poli% !m1 /imulate1 & *a/ise4  
,be=e ,i v5ture to say a ^w 9 di/9ct    
arre/ ( ?is judgm5t1 ,i w give y a *>t1 
z cle> z ! facts obs]v$ 9 ! two previ\s 
lectures all[1 ( ! /ate & prospects ( ! 
,saxons1 :5 ?is viol5t b5$iction (      
conque/ happ5$ to !m3 & especially ,i   
w\ld rescue1 9 ! measure t ju/ice bids1 
! memory ev5 ( _! ,pagan religion f !   
g5]al scorn 9 :i* ,i us$ ,c>lyle's      
description ( ! idol ( anci5t ,prussia z
 univ]sally expon5t ( ! temp] ( ,nor!rn 
devotion4 ,t ,triglaph1 or ,triglyph    

,idol1 7d]ivation ( ,triglaph :olly     
unkn[n to me--,i use ,triglyph only = my
 own h&ie/ epi!t71 la/ set up1 on :at is
 n[ ,/4 ,m>y's hill 9 ,br&5burg1 9      
#ajbc1 belong$ inde$ to a p wond]fully l
 ! ,saxons1--geographically _! close    
neighb\rs1--9 habits ( life1 & aspect ( 
native l&1 sc>cely di/+ui%able f !m1--9 
,c>lyle's words1 a /rong-bon$1 iracund1 
h]dsman & fi%] p1 highly av]se to be    
int]f]$ )1 9 _! religion especially1 &  
inhabit+ a moory flat c\ntry1 full (    
lakes & woods1 b ) pl5ty also ( alluvial
 mud1 grassy1 frugif]\s1 apt = !        
pl\gh--9 all ?+s l ! ,saxons1 except1 z 
,i read ! matt]1 9 t 'av]sion to be     
int]f]$ )' :i* y mod]n ,engli% ?9k an   
especially ,saxon "* 9 y1--b :i* is1 on 
! contr>y1 y w f9d on exam9ation1 by no 
means ,saxon2 b only ,w5dis*1 ,cze*1    
,s]bic1 ,sclavic1--o!r h>d names ,i c\ld
 easily f9d = x among ! tribes ( t      
vehem5tly hea!n old ,preuss5--resolutely
 wor%ipful ( places ( oak trees1 ( wood5
 or /one idols1 ( ,bangputtis1          

,patkullos1 & ,i "k n :at diabolic dumb 
blocks4 ,y\r ,engli% dislike to be      
int]f]$ ) is 9 absolute fell[%ip ) ^!1 b
 only ga!rs itself 9 its places (       
,/alks1 or *imneys1 in/ead ( oak trees1 
r\nd its idols ( iron1 in/ead ( wood1   
diabolically vocal n[2 /rid5t1 &        
sibilant1 in/ead ( dumb4  ,f> o!r ?an   
^!1 _! neighb\r ,saxons1 ,jutes &       
,angles6--tribes betwe5 :om ! di/9ctions
 are ( no mom5t :atsoev]1 except t an   
,engli% boy or girl may ) grace rememb] 
t ',old ,engl&1' exactly & /rictly s    
call$1 0 ! small di/rict 9 ! extreme s\?
 ( ,d5m>k1 totally ) its isl&s e/imable 
at sixty miles squ>e ( dead flat l&4    
,directly s\? ( x1 ! def9itely s-call$  
,saxons held ! we/]n %ore ( ,hol/e91 ) !
 e/u>y ( ! ,elbe1 & ! sea-m>k isle1     
,heligol&4 ,b s9ce ! pr9cipal temple (  
,saxon wor%ip 0 close to ,leipsic1#i we 
may include "u our g5]al t]m1 ,saxons1 !
 inhabitants ( ! :ole level di/rict (   
,nor? ,g]many1 f ! ,gulf ( ,fl5sburg to 
! ,h>tz2 &1 ea/w>d1 all ! c\ntry wat]$  

by ! ,elbe z f> z ,saxon ,switz]l&4     
,footnote #i3 ,turn]1 vol4 i41 p4 #bbc4 
,( ! "* ( ?is race ,i w n "h speak at   
any l5g?3 only note ( x ?is ess5tial    
po9t1 t _! religion 0 at once m         
practical & m imag9ative ?an t ( !      
,norwegian p59sula2 ! ,norse religion   
be+ ! conception r ( natural ?an moral  
p[]s1 b ! ,saxon1 prim>ily ( moral1 z ! 
lords ( natural--_! c5tral div9e image1 
,irm9sul1#aj hold+ ! /&>d ( peace 9 h]  
"r h&1 a balance 9 h] left4 ,su* a      
religion may deg5]ate into m]e slaught] 
& rap9e2 b x has ! mak+ 9 x ( ! noble/  
m54  ,footnote #aj3 ,prop]ly plural     
',images'--,irm9sul & ,irm9sula4  ,m    
practical at all ev5ts1 :e!r = good or  
evil1 9 ?is tru/ 9 a future rew>d =     
c\rage & purity1 ?an ! m]e ,sc&9avian   
awe ( exi/+ ,e>? & ,cl\d1 ! ,saxon      
religion 0 also m imag9ative1 9 its ne>]
 conception ( human feel+ 9 div9e       
creatures4 ,& :5 ?is wide hope & high   
rev]5ce _h di/9ct objects ( wor%ip &    
pray]1 (f]$ to !m by ,*ri/ianity1 !     

,saxons easily became pure1 passionate1 
& ?\ghtful ,*ri/ians2 :ile ! ,normans1  
to ! la/1 _h ! greate/ difficulty 9     
appreh5d+ ! ,*ri/ian tea*+ ( ! ,franks1 
& /ill d5y ! p[] ( ,*ri/ianity1 ev5 :5  
!y h become invet]ate 9 its =m4  ,q !   
deepe/-?\ght$ creatures ( ! !n animate  
_w1 x seems to me1 ^! ,saxon pl\ghm5 ( !
 s& or ! sea1 ) _! wor%ipp$ deity (     
,beauty & ,ju/ice1 a r$ rose on h]      
bann]1 = be/ ( gifts1 & 9 h] "r h&1     
in/ead ( a sword1 a balance1 = due doom1
 )\t wra?1--( retribution 9 h] left4 ,f>
 o!r ?an ! ,w5ds1 ?\gh /ubborn en\gh1 !y
 too1 9 battle rank1--sev5 times ris+ f 
defeat aga9/ ,*>lemagne1 & unsubdu$ b by
 dea?--yet1 by no means 9 t ,john       
,bull's mann] ( y\rs1 'av]se to be      
int]f]$ )1' 9 _! op9ions1 or _!         
religion4 ,eag]ly docile on !           
contr>y--joyfully rev]5t--in/antly &    
gratefully acceptant ( :atev] bett]     
insight or ov]sight a /rang] c\ld br+   
!m1 ( ! ?+s ( ,god or man4  ,& let me "h
 ask y especially to take acc\nt ( t    

orig9 ( ! true be>+ ( ! ,flag ( ,engl&1 
! ,r$ ,rose4 ,h] own madness defil$     
aft]w>ds alike ! :ite & r$1 into images 
( ! pal5ess1 or ! crimson1 ( dea?2 b !  
,saxon ,rose 0 ! symbol ( heav5ly beauty
 & peace4  ,i told y 9 my fir/ lecture t
 "o swift requirem5t 9 our s*ool w\ld be
 to produce a beautiful map ( ,engl&1   
includ+ old ,nor?umb]l&1 giv+ ! :ole    
c\ntry1 9 its real geography1 betwe5 !  
,fri? ( ,=? & ,/raits ( ,dov]1 & ) only 
six sites ( habitation giv51 besides ^? 
( ,ed9burgh & ,london1--namely1 ^? (    
,cant]bury & ,w9*e/]1 ,york & ,lanca/]1 
,holy ,isl& & ,melrose2 ! latt] in/ead (
 ,iona1 because1 z we h se51 ! influ5ce 
( ,/4 ,columba expires ) ! advance (    
,*ri/ianity1 :ile t ( ,cu?b]t ( ,melrose
 connects itself ) ! mo/ sacr$ feel+s ( 
! entire ,nor?umbrian k+dom1 & ,scotti% 
bord]1 d[n to ! days ( ,scott--wrea?+   
also into its circle _m ( ! leg5ds (    
,ar?ur4 ,w y =give my connect+ ! p]sonal
 memory ( hav+ once _h a wild rose ga!r$
 = me1 9 ! gl5 ( ,?omas ! ,rhym]1 by !  

daught] ( "o ( ! few rema9+ ,ca?olic    
h\ses ( ,scotl&1 ) ! pleasure ,i h 9    
read+ to y ?is foll[+ true acc\nt ( !   
orig9 ( ! "n ( ,/4 ,cu?b]t's            
bir?place2--! r because ,i owe x to     
fri5d%ip ( ! same date1 ) ,mr4 ,cockburn
 ,muir1 ( ,melrose4  ,to ^? :o h eyes to
 read x1 says ,mr4 ,muir1 ! "n          
',melrose' is writt5 full & fair1 on !  
fair face ( all ?is rea* ( ! valley4 ,! 
"n is anci5tly spelt ,mailros1 & lat]1  
,malros1 nev] ,mulros2 7',mul' be+ !    
,celtic ^w tak5 to mean 'b>e'74 ,ros is 
,rose2 ! =ms ,meal or ,mol imply great  
quantity or numb]4 ,?us ,malros means ! 
place ( _m roses4  ,?is is precisely !  
notable *>act]i/ic ( ! neighb\rhood4 ,! 
wild rose is indig5\s4 ,!re is no nook  
nor cranny1 no bank nor brae1 :i* is n1 
9 ! "t ( roses1 ablaze ) _! exub]ant    
lovel9ess4 ,9 g>d5s1 ! cultur$ rose is s
 prolific t x spreads lit]ally l a we$4 
,b x is wor? sugge/ion t ! ^w may be ( !
 same /ock z ! ,hebrew ro% 7translat$   
ros by ! ,septuag9t71 mean+ *ief1       

pr9cipal1 :ile x is also ! "n ( "s fl[]2
 b ( :i* fl[] is n[ unkn[n4 ,aff9ities (
 ro% are n f> to seek2 ,sanskrit1       
,raj7a71 ,ra7ja7ni2 ,lat91 ,rex1        
,reg7ina74  ,i leave x to ,pr(essor ,max
 ,mull] to c]tify or correct = y !      
details ( ,mr4 ,cockburn's              
rese>*1#aa--?is ma9 head ( x ,i c       
positively confirm1 t 9 old ,scot*1--t (
 ,bi%op ,d\glas1--! ^w ',rois' /&s alike
 = ,k+1 & ,rose4  ,footnote #aa3 ,i _h n
 "t to quote x fully 9 ! lecture2 & 9 my
 ignorance1 alike ( ,keltic & ,hebrew1 c
 only submit x "h to ! read]'s          
exam9ation4 ,! anci5t ,cognizance ( !   
t[n confirms ?is etymology beyond d\bt1 
) cu/om>y h]aldic precision4 ,! %ield   
be>s a ,rose2 ) a ,maul1 z ! exact      
phonetic equival5t = ! expletive4 ,if ! 
h]ald _h ne$$ to express 'b>e           
promontory1' q c]ta9ly he w\ld h manag$ 
x someh[4 ,n only ?is1 ! ,e>ls (        
,hadd+ton 7 fir/ creat$ ,e>ls ( ,melrose
 7#afai72 & _! ,%ield1 qu>t]ly1 is *>g$1
 = ,melrose1 9 #bnd & #crd 7fesse wavy  

betwe57 ?ree ,roses gu4  ,beyond ?is    
gr\nd ( c]ta9ty1 we may indulge 9 a     
little excursus into l+ual aff9ities (  
wide range4 ,! root mol is cle> en\gh4  
,x is ( ! same /ock z ! ,greek mala1    
,lat9 mul7tum71 & ,hebrew m'la4 ,b1     
,rose8 ,we call h] ,que5 ( ,fl[]s1 &    
s9ce be=e ! ,p]sian poets made mu* ( h]1
 %e 0 ev]y:]e ,reg9a ,florum4 ,:y %\ld n
 ! "n mean simply ! ,que51 ! ,*ief8 ,n[1
 s few :o "k ,keltic "k also ,hebrew1 & 
s few :o "k ,hebrew "k also ,keltic1 t  
few "k ! surpris+ ext5t ( ! aff9ity t   
exi/s--cle> z day--betwe5 ! ,keltic & ! 
,hebrew vocabul>ies4 ,t ! ^w ,rose may  
be a case 9 po9t is n haz>d\sly         
speculative4  ,summ+ n[ ! features ,i h 
too %ortly specifi$ 9 ! ,saxon "*1--its 
imag9ation1 its docility1 its love ( k1 
& its love ( beauty1 y w be prep>$ to   
accept my conclusive /atem5t1 t !y gave 
rise to a =m ( ,*ri/ian fai? :i* appe>s 
to me1 9 ! pres5t /ate ( my k1 "o ( !   
pure/ & mo/ intellectual ev] atta9$ 9   
,*ri/5dom2--nev] yet und]/ood1 p>tly    

because ( ! extreme rud5ess ( its       
expression 9 ! art ( manuscripts1 &     
p>tly because1 on acc\nt ( its v purity1
 x s\ght no expression 9 ar*itecture1   
be+ a religion ( daily life1 & humble   
lodg+4 ,= ^! two practical reasons1     
fir/2--& = ?is m weighty ?ird1 t !      
intellectual "* ( x is at ! same "t mo/ 
truly1 z ,dean ,/anley told y1 *ildlike2
 %[+ itself 9 swiftness ( imag9ative    
appreh5sion1 & 9 ! fe>lessly c&id       
application ( great pr9ciples to small  
?+s4 ,its "* 9 ?is k9d may be in/antly  
felt by any sympa!tic & g5tle p]son :o w
 read c>efully ! book ,i h already quot$
 to y1 ! ,v5]able ,b$e's life ( ,/4     
,cu?b]t2 & ! int5sity & s9c]ity ( x 9 ! 
highe/ ord]s ( ! laity1 by simply c\nt+ 
! memb]s ( ,saxon ,royal families :o    
end$ _! lives 9 mona/]ies4  ,n[1 at ! v 
mom5t :5 ?is fai?1 innoc5ce1 & +5uity 7 
on ! po9t ( spr++ up into _! fruitage1  
comes ! ,nor!rn invasion2 ( ! real "* ( 
:i* y c ga9 a f> tru] e/imate by /udy+  
,alfr$'s =m] resolute conte/ ) & victory

 ov] ! native ,norman 9 8 paganism1 ?an 
by y\r utmo/ endeav\rs to conceive ! "* 
( ! aft]w>ds invad+ ,norman1 disguis$1 b
 n *ang$1 by ,*ri/ianity4 ,! ,norman    
c\ld n1 9 ! nature ( him1 become a      
,*ri/ian at all2 & he nev] did2--he only
 became1 at 8 be/1 ! enemy ( ! ,s>ac54  
,:at he 01 & :at alone he 0 capable (   
be+1 ,i w try to-day to expla94  ,& "h  
,i mu/ advise y t 9 all po9ts ( hi/ory  
relat+ to ! p]iod betwe5 #hjj & #abjj1 y
 w f9d ,m4 ,viollet le ,duc1 incid5tally
 ?r\gh\t 8 ',diction>y ( ,ar*itecture1' 
! be/-in=m$1 mo/ intellig5t1 & mo/      
?\ghtful ( guides4 ,8 k ( ar*itecture1  
c>ri$ d[n into ! mo/ m9utely practical  
details1--7:i* are (t5 ! mo/            
significant71 & embrac+1 ov] ! entire   
surface ( ,france1 ! build+s ev5 ( ! mo/
 seclud$ villages2 8 arti/ic en?usiasm1 
balanc$ by ! acute/ sagacity1 & 8       
patriotism1 by ! franke/ c&\r1 r5d] 8   
analysis ( hi/ory dur+ t active &       
con/ructive p]iod ! mo/ valuable kn[n to
 me1 & c]ta9ly1 9 its field1 exhau/ive4 

,( ! lat] nationality 8 acc\nt is       
imp]fect1 ow+ to 8 pr(essional int]e/ 9 
! m]e sci5ce ( ar*itecture1 & comp>ative
 ins5sibility to ! p[] ( sculpture2--b (
 ! "t ) :i* we are n[ conc]n$1 :atev] he
 tells y mu/ be reg>d$ ) grateful       
att5tion4  ,i introduce1 !re=e1 !       
,normans to y1 on _! fir/ ent]+ ,france1
 "u 8 descriptive t]ms ( !m4#ab         
,footnote #ab3 ,article ,ar*itecture1   
vol4 i41 p4 #ach4  ,z soon z !y 7       
e/abli%$ on ! soil1 ^! b>b>ians became !
 mo/ h>dy & active build]s4 ,)9 ! space 
( a c5tury & a half1 !y _h cov]$ !      
c\ntry on :i* !y _h def9itely l&$1 )    
religi\s1 mona/ic1 & civil edifices1 (  
an ext5t & ri*ness !n little common4 ,x 
is difficult to suppose t !y _h br\ght f
 ,norway ! elem5ts ( art1#ac b !y 7     
possess$ by a p]si/+ & p5etrat+ _s2 _!  
brutal =ce did n want = gr&eur4         
,conqu]ors1 !y rais$ ca/les to assure _!
 dom9ation2 !y soon recogniz$ ! ,moral  
=ce ( ! cl]gy1 & end[$ x ri*ly4 ,eag]   
always to atta9 _! end1 :5 once !y saw  

x1 !y nev] left "o ( _! ent]prises      
unf9i%$1 & 9 t !y diff]$ completely f ! 
,s\!rn inhabitants ( ,gaul4 ,t5aci\s    
extremely1 !y 7 p]haps ! only ones among
 ! b>b>ians e/abli%$ 9 ,france :o _h    
ideas ( ord]2 ! only ones :o knew h[ to 
pres]ve _! conque/s1 & compose a /ate4  
,!y f\nd ! rema9s ( ! ,c>?ag9ian arts on
 ! t]ritory :]e !y plant$ !mselves1 !y  
m+l$ ) ^? _! national g5ius1 positive1  
gr&1 & yet supple4  ,footnote #ac3 ,!y  
_h br\ght "s1 ( a v>i\sly ,*>ybdic1     
,s]p5t9e1 & ,diabolic "*4--,j4,r4       
,supple1 ',delie1'--capable ( *ange &   
play ( ! m5tal muscle1 9 ! way t savages
 are n4 ,i d n1 myself1 grant ?is       
suppl5ess to ! ,norman1 ! less because  
ano!r s5t5ce ( ,m4 le ,duc's1 occurr+   
incid5tally 9 8 acc\nt ( ! ar*ivolt1 is 
( extreme c\nt]-significance1 & wide    
application4 ,! ,norman ar*1 he says1 is
 nev] d]iv$ f traditional classic =ms1 b
 only f ma!matical arrangem5t ( l9e4    
,yes2 t is true3 ! ,norman ar* is nev]  
d]iv$ f classic =ms4 ,! ca!dral1#ad ^:  

aisles y saw or might h se51 ye/]day1   
int]p5etrat$ ) light1 ^: vaults y might 
h he>d prolong+ ! sweet divisions (     
maje/ic s\nd1 w\ld h be5 built 9 t      
/ately symmetry by ,norman law1 ?\gh    
nev] an ar* at ,rome _h ris5 r\nd h]    
field ( blood1--?\gh nev] h] ,sublician 
bridge _h be5 petrifi$ by h] ,augu/an   
pontifices4 ,b ! decoration1 ?\gh n !   
/ructure ( ^? ar*es1 !y ow$ to ano!r    
race1#ae ^: words !y /ole )\t und]/&+1  
?\gh ?ree c5turies be=e1 ! ,saxon       
und]/ood1 & us$1 to express ! mo/ solemn
 maje/y ( 8 ,k+hood1--    ,,ego1 ,,edg>1
 ,,totivs ,,albionis--  n ,rex1 t w\ld h
 meant ! ,k+ ( ,k5t or ,m]cia1 n (      
,engl&1--no1 nor ,imp]ator2 t w\ld h    
meant only ! pr(ane p[] ( ,rome1 b      
,,basilevs1 mean+ a ,k+ :o reign$ )     
sacr$ au?ority giv5 by ,heav5 & ,*ri/4  
,footnote #ad3 ,( ,ox=d1 dur+ ! aft]noon
 s]vice4  ,footnote #ae3 ,see ! conclud+
 section ( ! lecture4  ,) f> mean]      
?\ghts1 bo? ( !mselves & _! p[]s1 !     
,normans set !mselves to build          

impregnable milit>y walls1 & sublime    
religi\s ones1 9 ! be/ possible         
practical ways2 b !y no m made books (  
_! *ur* fronts ?an ( _! ba/ion flanks2 &
 c>$1 9 ! religion !y accept$1 nei!r =  
its s5tim5ts nor its promises1 b only = 
its imm$iate results on national ord]4  
,z ,i read !m1 !y 7 m5 :olly ( ?is _w1  
b5t on do+ ! mo/ 9 x1 & mak+ ! be/ ( x t
 !y c\ld2--m51 to _! dea?1 ( ,de$1 nev] 
paus+1 *ang+1 rep5t+1 or anticipat+1 m  
?an ! complet$ squ>e1 ,greek3 'aneu     
psog\1 ( _! battle1 _! keep1 & _!       
cloi/]4 ,soldi]s be=e & aft] ev]y?+1 !y 
le>n$ ! lock+s & brac+s ( _! /ones      
prim>ily 9 def5ce aga9/ ! batt]+-ram & !
 projectile1 & e/eem$ ! pure circul> ar*
 = its di/ribut$ & equal /r5g? m ?an =  
its beauty4 ,i believe aga91 says ,m4 le
 ,duc1#af t ! feudal ca/le nev] arriv$  
at its p]fectness till aft] ! ,norman   
invasion1 & t ?is race ( ! ,nor? 0 !    
fir/ to apply a def5sive sy/em "u       
unque/ionable laws1 soon foll[$ by !    
nobles ( ! ,cont95t1 aft] !y _h1 at _!  

own exp5se1 le>n$ _! sup]iority4        
,footnote #af3 ,article ,*ateau1 vol4   
iii1 p4 #fe4  ,! next s5t5ce is a curi\s
 "o4 ,i pray y\r att5tion to x4 ,!      
def5sive sy/em ( ! ,norman is born ( a  
pr(\nd s5tim5t ( di/ru/ & cunn+1 =eign  
to ! "* ( ! ,frank4 ,y w f9d 9 all my   
previ\s notices ( ! ,fr5*1 cont9ual     
insi/ance ^u _! natural ,fran*ise1 &    
also1 if y take ! lea/ pa9s 9 analysis (
 _! lit]ature d[n to ?is day1 t ! idea (
 fals5ess is to !m inde$ m hateful ?an  
to any o!r ,european nation4 ,to take a 
q c>d9al in/ance4 ,if y comp>e ,lucian's
 & ,%akespe>e's ,timon ) ,moli]e's      
,alce/e1 y w f9d ! ,greek & ,engli%     
misan?ropes dwell only on m5's +ratitude
 to !mselves1 b ,alce/e1 on _! falsehood
 to ea* o!r4  ,n[ he> ,m4 le ,duc f>!r3 
,! ca/les built betwe5 ! t5? & twelf?   
c5turies along ! ,loire1 ,gironde1 &    
,se9e1 t is to say1 along ! l9es ( !    
,norman invasions1 & 9 ! neighb\rhood ( 
_! possessions1 h a peculi> & uni=m "*  
:i* "o f9ds nei!r 9 c5tral ,france1 nor 

9 ,burgundy1 nor c !re be any ne$ = u to
 ?r[ light on 7faire ressortir7 !       
sup]iority ( ! w>rior _s ( ! ,normans1  
dur+ ! lat] times ( ! ,c>lov+ian epo*1  
ov] ! _s ( ! *iefs ( ,frank desc5t1     
e/abli%$ on ! ,gallo-,roman soil4 ,!re's
 a bit ( hone/y 9 a ,fr5*man = y6  ,i h 
j said t !y valu$ religion *iefly = its 
influ5ce ( ord] 9 ! pres5t _w3 be+ 9    
?is1 obs]ve1 z ne>ly z may be ! exact   
rev]se ( mod]n believ]s1 or p]sons :o   
pr(ess to be su*1--( :om x may be       
g5]ally alleg$1 too truly1 t !y value   
religion ) respect to _! future bliss r 
?an _! pres5t duty2 & are !re=e         
cont9ually c>eless ( its direct comm&s1 
) easy excuse to !mselves = disob$i5ce  
to !m4 ,:]eas ! ,norman1 f9d+ 9 8 own   
he>t an irresi/ible impulse to action1 &
 p]ceiv+ himself to be set1 ) entirely  
/rong body1 bra91 & w1 9 ! mid/ ( a weak
 & dissolute confusion ( all ?+s1 takes 
f ! ,bible in/antly into 8 consci5ce e  
exhortation to ,d & to ,gov]n2 &        
becomes1 ) all 8 might & und]/&+1 a     

blunt & r\gh s]vant1 kne*t1 or knight ( 
,god1 liable to mu* misappreh5sion1 (   
c\rse1 z to ! s]vices imm$iately requir$
 ( him1 b suppos+1 s9ce ! :ole make (   
him1 outside & 91 is a soldi]'s1 t ,god 
meant him = a soldi]1 & t he is to      
e/abli%1 by ma9 =ce1 ! ,*ri/ian fai? &  
works all ov] ! _w s f> z he compreh5ds 
!m2 n m]ely ) ! ,mahometan indignation  
aga9/ spiritual error1 b ) a s\nd &     
hone/ s\l's dislike ( mat]ial error1 &  
resolution to ext+ui% t1 ev5 if p]*ance 
f\nd 9 ! spiritual p]sons to :om1 9 _!  
(fice1 he yet r5d]$ total rev]5ce4  ,:i*
 =ce & fai? 9 him ,i may be/ illu/rate  
by m]ely putt+ toge!r ! brok5 p>agraphs 
( ,sismondi's acc\nt ( ! f\nd+ ( !      
,norman ,k+dom ( ,sicily3 virtually     
contempor>y ) ! conque/ ( ,engl&4  ,!   
,normans surpass$ all ! races ( ! we/ 9 
_! ard\r = pilgrimages4 ,!y w\ld n1 to g
 into ! ,holy ,l&1 submit to !          
monotony#ag ( a long sea voyage--! r t  
!y f\nd n on ! ,m$it]ranean ! /orms or  
dang]s !y _h rejoic$ to enc\nt] on _!   

own sea4 ,!y trav]s$ by l& ! :ole (     
,france & ,italy1 tru/+ to _! swords to 
procure ! necess>y subsi/5ce1#ah if !   
*>ity ( ! fai?ful did n en\gh provide = 
x ) alms4 ,! t[ns ( ,naples1 ,amalfi1   
,gaeta1 & ,b>i1 held con/ant comm]ce )  
,syria2 & frequ5t miracles1 x 0 believ$1
 illu/rat$ ! ,monte ,cass9o 7,/4 ,b5$ict
 aga967 on ! road ( ,naples1 & ! ,m\nt (
 ,angels 7,g>ganus7 above ,b>i4         
7,qu]ceta ,g>gani--v]ily1 laborant2 n[1 
et orant47 ,! pilgrims wi%$ to visit    
dur+ _! j\rney ! mona/]ies built on ^!  
two m\nta9s1 & !re=e ne>ly always1 ei!r 
go+ or return+ to ! ,holy ,l&1 pass$    
?r\gh ,magna ,graecia4  ,footnote #ag3  
,i give ,sismondi's idea z x /&s1 b !re 
0 no "q 9 ! matt] ( monotony or ( dang]4
 ,! j\rney 0 made on foot because x 0 ! 
mo/ labori\s way1 & ! mo/ humble4       
,footnote #ah3 ,see f>!r on1 p4 #aaj1 ! 
analogies ) ,engli% arrangem5ts ( ! same
 k9d4  ,9 "o ( ! e>lie/ ye>s ( ! elev5? 
c5tury1 ab\t =ty ( ^! religi\s          
travell]s1 hav+ return$ f ! ,holy ,l&1  

*anc$ to h met toge!r 9 ,sal]no at !    
mom5t :5 a small ,s>ac5 fleet came to   
insult ! t[n1 & dem& ( x a milit>y      
contribution4 ,! inhabitants ( ,s\?     
,italy1 at ?is "t1 ab&on$ to ! delights 
( _! en*ant$ climate1 _h lo/ ne>ly all  
milit>y c\rage4 ,! ,sal]nitani saw )    
a/oni%m5t =ty ,norman knights1 aft] hav+
 dem&$ horses & arms f ! ,pr9ce (       
,sal]no1 ord] ! gates ( ! t[n to be     
op5$1 *>ge ! ,s>ac5s fe>lessly1 & put !m
 to flight4 ,! ,sal]nitani foll[$1      
h[ev]1 ! example giv5 !m by ^! brave    
w>riors1 & ^? ( ! ,mussulmans :o escap$ 
_! swords 7 =c$ to re-emb>k 9 all ha/e4 
,! ,pr9ce ( ,sal]no1 ,guaim> ,,iii41    
tri$ 9 va9 to keep ! w>rior-pilgrims at 
8 c\rt3 b at 8 solicitation o!r         
companies e/abli%$ !mselves on ! rocks (
 ,sal]no & ,amalfi1 until1 on ,*ri/mas  
,day1 #ajda1 7exactly a qu>t] ( a c5tury
 be=e ! coronation "h at ,we/m9/] ( !   
,conqu]or17 !y ga!r$ _! scatt]$ =ces at 
,av]sa1#ai twelve gr\ps ( !m "u twelve  
*os5 c\nts1 & all "u ! ,lomb>d ,ardo91 z

 comm&]-9-*ief4 ,be s good z to note    
t1--a m>vell\s key-note ( hi/orical fact
 ab\t ! unje/+ ,lomb>ds1 ,i _c f9d !    
total ,norman numb]3 ! *ief cont+5t1 "u 
,william ( ! ,iron ,arm1 ! son ( ,tancr$
 ( ,hauteville1 0 only ( ?ree hundr$    
knights2 ! ,c\nt ( ,av]sa's troop1 ( !  
same numb]1 is nam$ z an important "p ( 
! little army--admit x = t5 times       
,tancr$'s1 ?ree ?\s& m5 9 all4 ,at      
,av]sa1 ^! ?ree ?\s& m5 =m1 coolly on   
,*ri/mas ,day1 #ajda1 ! design (--well1 
,i told y !y didn't design mu*1 only1 n[
 we're "h1 we may z well1 :ile we're    
ab\t x1--ov]?r[ ! ,greek empire6 ,t 0 _!
 little game6--a ,*ri/mas mumm+ to      
purpose4 ,! foll[+ ye>1 ! :ole ( ,apulia
 0 divid$ among !m4  ,footnote #ai3 ,9  
,lomb>dy1 s\? ( ,pavia4  ,i w n spoil1  
by ab/ract+1 ! magnific5t foll[+ hi/ory 
( ,rob]t ,guisc>d1 ! mo/ wond]ful soldi]
 ( t or any o!r "t3 ,i leave y to f9i% x
 = y\rselves1 only ask+ y to read toge!r
 ) x1 ! sket*1 9 ,turn]'s hi/ory ( !    
,anglo-,saxons1 ( ,alfr$'s long previ\s 

w> ) ! ,norman ,ha/+2 po9t+ out to y =  
foci ( "* 9 ea* conte/1 ! culm9at+      
incid5ts ( naval battle4 ,9 ,guisc>d's  
/ruggle ) ! ,greeks1 he enc\nt]s = _!   
*ief naval =ce ! ,v5etian fleet "u !    
,doge ,dom5ico ,selvo4 ,! ,v5etians are 
at ?is mom5t und\bt$ ma/]s 9 all naval  
w>f>e2 ! ,normans are wor/$ easily !    
fir/ day1--! second day1 fight+ h>d]1 !y
 are defeat$ aga91 & s disa/r\sly t !   
,v5etian ,doge takes no precautions     
aga9/ !m on ! ?ird day1 ?9k+ !m utt]ly  
disabl$4 ,guisc>d attacks him aga9 on ! 
?ird day1 ) ! m]e wreck ( 8 own %ips1 & 
defeats ! tir$ & amaz$ ,italians f9ally6
  ,! sea-fight betwe5 ,alfr$'s %ips & ^?
 ( ,ha/+1 ought to be /ill m memorable  
to u4 ,alfr$1 z ,i notic$ 9 la/ lecture1
 _h built w> %ips ne>ly twice z long z !
 ,normans'1 swift]1 & /eadi] on ! waves4
 ,six ,norman %ips 7 ravag+ ! ,isle (   
,wight2 ,alfr$ s5t n9e ( 8 own to take  
!m4 ,! ,k+'s fleet f\nd ! ,nor?m5's     
embay$1 & ?ree ( !m agr\nd4 ,! ?ree o!rs
 engag$ ,alfr$'s n9e1 twice _! size2 two

 ( ! ,vik+ %ips 7 tak51 b ! ?ird escap$1
 ) only five m56 ,a nation :i* v]ily    
took its pleasures 9 its ,de$s4  ,b be=e
 ,i c illu/rate f>!r ei!r _! de$s or _! 
religion1 ,i mu/ = an in/ant meet !     
objection :i* ,i suppose ! extreme      
probity ( ! n9ete5? c5tury mu/ feel     
acutely aga9/ ^! m51--t !y all liv$ by  
?iev+4  ,)\t v5tur+ to allude to !      
raison d'etre ( ! pres5t ,fr5* & ,engli%
 ,/ock ,ex*anges1 ,i w m]ely ask any ( y
 "h1 :e!r ( ,saxon or ,norman blood1 to 
def9e = himself :at he means by !       
possession ( ,india4 ,i h no d\bt t y   
all wi% to keep ,india 9 ord]1 & 9 l    
mann] ,i h assur$ y t ,duke ,william    
wi%$ to keep ,engl& 9 ord]4 ,if y w read
 ! lecture on ! life ( ,sir ,h]b]t      
,edw>des1 :i* ,i hope to give 9 ,london 
aft] f9i%+ ?is c\rse1#bj y w see h[ a   
,*ri/ian ,briti% (fic] c1 & does1 v]ily1
 & ) 8 :ole he>t1 keep 9 ord] su* "p (  
,india z may be entru/$ to him1 & 9 s   
do+1 secure our ,empire4 ,b ! sil5t     
feel+ & practice ( ! nation ab\t ,india 

is bas$ on q o!r motives ?an ,sir       
,h]b]t's4 ,e mut9y1 e dang]1 e t]ror1 & 
e crime1 occurr+ "u1 or p>alyz+1 our    
,indian legislation1 arises directly out
 ( our national desire to live on ! loot
 ( ,india1 & ! notion always ent]ta9$ by
 ,engli% "y g5tlem5 & ladies ( good     
position1 fall+ 9 love ) ea* o!r )\t    
imm$iate prospect ( e/abli%m5t 9        
,belgrave ,squ>e1 t !y c f9d 9 ,india1  
in/antly on l&+1 a bungal[ ready furni%$
 ) ! lovelie/ fans1 *9a1 & %awls1--ices 
& %]bet at comm&1--f\r-&-tw5ty slaves   
succe$+ ea* o!r h\rly to sw+ ! punkah1 &
 a regim5t ) a beautiful b& to keep ord]
 outside1 all r\nd ! h\se4  ,footnote   
#bj3 ,?is 0 prev5t$ by ! necessity = !  
re-arrangem5t ( my t]m9al ,ox=d         
lectures3 ,i am n[ prep>+ t on ,sir     
,h]b]t = publication 9 a some:at exp&$  
=m4  ,entreat+ y\r p>don = :at may seem 
rude 9 ^! p]sonal rem>ks1 ,i w fur!r    
entreat y to read my acc\nt ( ! dea? (  
,coeur de ,lion 9 ! ?ird numb] ( ',=s   
,clavig]a'--& also ! sc5es 9 ',ivanhoe' 

betwe5 ,coeur de ,lion & ,locksley2 &   
comm5d+ ^! few passages to y\r quiet    
consid]ation1 ,i proce$ to give y ano!r 
anecdote or two ( ! ,normans 9 ,italy1  
twelve ye>s lat] ?an ^? giv5 above1 &1  
!re=e1 only ?irte5 ye>s be=e ! battle ( 
,ha/+s4  ,_! division ( ,s\? ,italy     
among !m especially1 & _! defeat (      
,v5ice1 _h al>m$ ev]ybody               
consid]ably1--especially ! ,pope1 ,leo  
,,ix41 :o did n und]/& ?is manife/ation 
( _! piety4 ,he s5t to ,h5ry ,,iii4 (   
,g]many1 to :om he ow$ 8 ,pop$om1 = "s  
,g]man knights1 & got five hundr$ spe>s2
 ga!r$ out ( all ,apulia1 ,campania1 & !
 ,m>* ( ,ancona1 :at ,greek & ,lat9     
troops 7 to be _h1 to jo9 8 own army ( !
 patrimony ( ,/4 ,pet]2 & ! holy        
,pontiff1 ) ?is num]\s army1 b no g5]al1
 began ! campaign by a pilgrimage ) all 
8 troops to ,monte ,cass9o1 9 ord] to   
obta91 if x might be1 ,/4 ,b5$ict =     
g5]al4  ,aga9/ ! ,pope's collect$       
masses1 ) ,/4 ,b5$ict1 _! contemplative 
b at fir/ inactive g5]al1 /ood ! little 

army ( ,normans1--c]ta9ly n m ?an ! ?ird
 ( _! numb]--b ) ,rob]t ,guisc>d =      
capta91 & "u him 8 bro!r1 ,humphrey (   
,hauteville1 & ,ri*>d ( ,av]sa4 ,n 9    
fe>1 b 9 devotion1 !y pray$ ! ,pope     
'avec in/ance1'--to say on :at          
conditions !y c\ld appease 8 ang]1 &    
live 9 peace "u him4 ,b ! ,pope w\ld he>
 ( no?+ b _! evacuation ( ,italy4       
,:]eupon1 !y _h to settle ! "q 9 !      
,norman mann]4  ,! two armies met 9     
front ( ,civitella1 on ,wat]loo day1    
#ah? ,june1 ?irte5 ye>s1 z ,i said1 be=e
 ! battle ( ,ha/+s4 ,! ,g]man knights 7 
! he>t ( ! ,pope's army1 b !y 7 only    
five hundr$2 ! ,normans surr\nd$ !m     
fir/1 & slew !m1 ne>ly to a man--& !n   
made extremely %ort "w ) ! ,italians &  
,greeks4 ,! ,pope1 ) ! wreck ( !m1 fl$  
into ,civitella2 b ! t[nspeople d>$ n   
def5d _! walls1 & ?ru/ ! ,pope himself  
out ( _! gates--to meet1 alone1 !       
,norman army4  ,he met x1 n alone1 ,/4  
,b5$ict be+ ) him n[1 :5 he _h no long] 
! /r5g? ( man to tru/ 94  ,! ,normans1 z

 !y approa*$ him1 ?rew !mselves on _!   
knees1--cov]$ !mselves ) du/1 & implor$ 
8 p>don & 8 bless+4  ,!re's a bit (     
poetry--if y l1--b a piece ( /eel-clad  
fact also1 comp>$ to :i* ! battle (     
,ha/+s & ,wat]loo bo?1 7 m]e boys'      
squabbles4  ,y don't suppose1 y ,briti% 
s*oolboys1 t y ov]?rew ,napoleon--y8    
,y\r prime ,m9i/] fold$ up ! map (      
,europe at ! ?\ght ( him4 ,n y1 b ! sn[s
 ( ,heav51 & ! h& ( ,him :o da%e? 9     
pieces ) a rod ( iron4 ,he ca/e? =? ,8  
ice l morsels1--:o c /& be=e ,8 cold8   
,b1 s f> z y h inde$ ! "r to tru/ 9 !   
c\rage ( y\r own he>ts1 rememb] also--x 
is n 9 ,norman nor ,saxon1 b 9 ,celtic  
race t y\r real /r5g? lies4 ,! battles  
bo? ( ,wat]loo & ,alma 7 won by ,iri% & 
,scots--by ! t]rible ,scots ,greys1 & by
 ,sir ,col9's ,highl&]s4 ,y\r '?9 r$    
l9e1' 0 kept /eady at ,alma only by     
,colonel ,yea's swe>+ at !m4  ,b ! old  
,pope1 alone aga9/ a ,norman army1 want$
 nobody to swe> at him4 ,/eady en\gh he1
 hav+ somebody to bless him1 in/ead (   

swe> at him4 ,/4 ,b5$ict1 namely2 ^:    
7memory %all we say87 help$ him n[ at 8 
p9* 9 a s+ul> mann]1--= ! ,normans1 hav+
 got ! old man's =giv5ess1 v[$ !mselves 
8 feudal s]vants2 & = sev5 c5turies     
aft]w>ds ! :ole k+dom ( ,naples rema9$ a
 fief ( ,/4 ,pet]1--won = him ?us by a  
s+le man1 un>m$1 aga9/ ?ree ?\s& ,norman
 knights1 capta9$ by ,rob]t ,guisc>d6   
,a day ( de$s1 g5tlem51 to "s           
purpose1--t #ah? ( ,june1 anyh[4  ,"h1 9
 ! hi/orical acc\nt ( ,norman "*1 ,i mu/
 unwill+ly /op = to-day--because1 z y   
*oose to sp5d y\r ,univ]sity money 9    
build+ ball-rooms in/ead (              
lecture-rooms1 ,i d>e n keep y mu* long]
 9 ?is black hole1 ) its n9ete5? c5tury 
v5tilation4 ,i try y\r pati5ce--& tax   
y\r brea?--only = a few m9utes m 9 draw+
 ! necess>y coroll>ies respect+ ,norman 
art4#ba  ,footnote #ba3 ,giv5 at mu*    
great] l5g? 9 ! lecture1 ) diagrams f   
,iffley & ,poicti]s1 )\t :i* ! text ( !m
 w\ld be un9telligible4 ,! sum ( :at ,i 
said 0 a /rong ass]tion ( ! incapacity (

 ! ,normans = any b ! rude/ & mo/       
grotesque sculpture1--,poicti]s be+1 on 
! contr>y1 exam9$ & prais$ z            
,gallic-,fr5*--n ,norman4  ,h[ f> !     
exi/+ ,briti% nation owes its milit>y   
pr[ess to ! blood ( ,norm&y & ,anj\1 ,i 
h nev] exam9$ its g5ealogy en\gh to tell
 y2--b ?is ,i c tell y positively1 t    
:atev] con/itutional ord] or p]sonal    
val\r ! ,normans en=c$ or taught among !
 nations !y conqu]$1 !y did n at fir/   
attempt ) _! own h&s to rival !m 9 any (
 _! f9] arts1 b us$ bo? ,greek & ,saxon 
sculptors1 ei!r z slaves1 or hir$       
workm51 & m or less !re=e *ill$ &       
degrad$ ! he>ts ( ! m5 ?us set to       
s]vile1 or at be/1 hirel+1 lab\r4  ,9   
#ahgd1 ,i w5t to see ,etna1 ,scylla1    
,*>ybdis1 & ! tombs ( ! ,norman ,k+s at 
,pal]mo2 surpris$1 z y may imag9e1 to   
f9d t !re wasn't a /roke nor a notion ( 
,norman "w 9 !m4 ,!y are1 e atom1 done  
by ,greeks1 & are z pure ,greek z !     
temple ( ,a,egina2 b m ri* & ref9$4 ,i  
drew ) accurate c>e1 & ) measur$ pr(ile 

( e m\ld+1 ! tomb built = ,rog] ,,ii4   
7aft]w>ds ,fr$]ick ,,ii4 0 laid 9 its   
d>k porphyry74 ,& x is a p]fect type ( !
 ,greek-,*ri/ian =m ( tomb--temple ov]  
s>cophagus1 9 :i* ! p$im5ts rise        
gradually1 z "t goes on1 into acute     
angles--get pi]c$ 9 ! gable ) foils1 &  
_! sculptures ?r[n outside on _! flanks1
 & become at la/ 9 ! f\rte5? c5tury1 !  
tombs ( ,v]ona4 ,b :at is ! mean+ ( !   
,normans employ+ ^! ,greek slaves = _!  
"w 9 ,sicily 7)9 ?irty miles ( ! field (
 ,him]a78 ,well1 ! ma9 mean+ is t ?\gh !
 ,normans c\ld build1 !y c\ldn't c>ve1 &
 7 wise en\gh n to try to1 :5 !y        
c\ldn't1 z y d n[ all ov] ?is int5sely  
comic & tragic t[n3 b1 "h 9 ,engl&1 !y  
only employ$ ! ,saxon ) a grudge1 &     
!re=e be+ m & m driv5 to use b>r5 m\ld+s
 )\t sculpture1 gradually develop$ !    
/ructural =ms ( ar*ivolt1 :i* break+    
into ! lancet1 bright5 & balance        
!mselves into ! symmetry ( e>ly ,engli% 
,go?ic4  ,b ev5 = ! fir/ decoration ( ! 
ar*ivolt itself1 !y 7 probably indebt$  

to ! ,greeks 9 a degree ,i nev]         
appreh5d$1 until by pure happy *ance1 a 
fri5d gave me ! clue to x j z ,i 0 writ+
 ! la/ pages ( ?is lecture4  ,9 !       
g5]alization ( ornam5t attempt$ 9 ! fir/
 volume ( ! ',/ones ( ,v5ice1' ,i       
suppos$ ! ,norman zigzag 7& ) "s        
practical tru?7 to be d]iv$ f ! angul>  
not*es ) :i* ! bl[ ( an axe c mo/ easily
 decorate1 or at lea/ v>y1 ! solid edge 
( a squ>e fillet4 ,my good fri5d1 &     
support]1 & = "s "t back ! s+le tru/ee (
 ,/4 ,george's ,guild1 ,mr4 ,george     
,bak]1 hav+ come to ,ox=d on ,guild     
bus9ess1 ,i happ5$ to %[ him !          
photographs ( ! front ( ,iffley *ur*1   
:i* _h be5 collect$ = ?is lecture2 &    
imm$iately aft]w>ds1 9 tak+ him ?r\gh ! 
s*ools1 /opp$ to %[ him ! ,a!na (       
,a,egina z "o ( ! mo/ important ( !     
,greek examples lately obta9$ = u by    
,pr(essor ,ri*mond4 ,! /atue is         
7rightly7 s plac$ t 9 look+ up to x1 !  
plait ( hair across ! =ehead is se5 9 a 
/eeply curv$ ar*4 ,:y1 says ,mr4 ,bak]1 

po9t+ to x1 !re's ! ,norman ar* (       
,iffley4 ,sure en\gh1 !re x exactly 03 &
 a mom5t's reflection %[$ me h[ easily1 
& ) :at in/9ctive fitness1 ! ,norman    
build]s1 look+ to ! ,greeks z _!        
absolute ma/]s 9 sculpture1 & recogniz+ 
also1 dur+ ! ,crusades1 ! hi]oglyphic   
use ( ! zigzag1 = wat]1 by ! ,egyptians1
 might h adopt$ ?is easily atta9$       
decoration at once z ! sign ( ! elem5t  
ov] :i* !y reign$1 & ( ! p[] ( ! ,greek 
goddess :o rul$ bo? x & !m4  ,i d n 9 ! 
lea/ press y\r acceptance ( su* a       
tradition1 nor = ! re/1 d ,i c>e myself 
:5ce any me?od ( ornam5t is d]iv$1 if   
only1 z a /rang]1 y bid x rev]5t        
welcome4 ,b mu* probability is add$ to !
 conjecture by ! indisputable transition
 ( ! ,greek egg & arr[ m\ld+ into !     
floral cornices ( ,saxon & o!r twelf?   
c5tury ca!drals 9 ,c5tral ,france4 ,^! &
 o!r su* transitions & exaltations ,i w 
give y ! mat]ials to /udy at y\r        
leisure1 aft] illu/rat+ 9 my next       
lecture ! =ces ( religi\s imag9ation by 

:i* all t 0 mo/ beautiful 9 !m 0        
inspir$4     ,,lecture ,,iv4  7,,nov4   
#h1 #ahhd47  ,,! ,,pleasures ,,(        
,,fancy4  ,,coeur ,,de ,,lion ,,to      
,,elizabe?  7#aahi ,,to #aeeh74   ,9 us+
 ! ^w ,fancy1 = ! m5tal faculties ( :i* 
,i am to speak to-day1 ,i tru/ y1 at y\r
 leisure1 to read ! ,introductory ,note 
to ! second volume ( ',mod]n ,pa9t]s' 9 
! small new edition1 :i* gives suffici5t
 reason = practically includ+ "u ! s+le 
t]m ,fancy1 or ,fantasy1 all ! en]gies (
 ! ,imag9ation1--9 ! t]ms ( ! la/ s5t5ce
 ( t preface1--! heal?y1 volunt>y1 &    
necess>y1#bb action ( ! highe/ p[]s ( ! 
human m9d1 on subjects prop]ly dem&+ &  
ju/ify+ _! ex]tion4  ,footnote #bb3     
,mean+ t all heal?y m9ds possess        
imag9ation1 & use x at w1 "u fix$ laws (
 tru?ful p]ception & memory4  ,i mu/    
f>!r ask y to read1 9 ! same volume1 !  
close ( ! *apt] ',( ,imag9ation         
,p5etrative1' pp4 #abj to #acj1 ( :i* ! 
gi/1 :i* ,i mu/ give z ! fir/ pr9ciple f
 :i* we />t 9 our to-day's inquiry1 is t

 ,imag9ation1 rightly s call$1 has no   
food1 no delight1 no c>e1 no p]ception1 
except ( tru?2 x is = ev] look+ "u      
masks1 & burn+ up mi/s2 no fairness (   
=m1 no maje/y ( seem+1 w satisfy x2 !   
fir/ condition ( its exi/5ce is         
incapability ( be+ deceiv$4#bc ,9 t     
s5t5ce1 :i* is a "p1 & a v valuable "p1 
( ! orig9al book1 ,i /ill adopt$ & us$  
unnecess>ily ! ord9>y di/9ction betwe5  
,fancy & ,imag9ation--,fancy conc]n$ )  
light] ?+s1 creat+ fairies or c5taurs1 &
 ,imag9ation creat+ m52 & ,i 0 9 ! habit
 always ( imply+ by ! mean] ^w ,fancy1 a
 volunt>y ,fallacy1 z ,wordswor? does 9 
^? l9es to 8 wife1 mak+ ( h] a m]e lay  
figure = ! drap]y ( 8 fancy--    ,su* if
 ?\ w]t1 9 all m5's view     ,an        
univ]sal %[1   ,:at w\ld my ,fancy h to 
d1     ,my feel+s to be/[4  ,b y w at   
once und]/& ! high] & m univ]sal p[] :i*
 ,i n[ wi% y to und]/& by ! ,fancy1     
includ+ all imag9ative en]gy1 correct+  
^! l9es ( ,wordswor?'s to a m wor?y     
description ( a true lov]'s happ9ess4   

,:5 a boy falls 9 love ) a girl1 y say  
he has tak5 a fancy = h]2 b if he love  
h] rightly1 t is to say = h] noble      
qualities1 y ought to say he has tak5 an
 imag9ation = h]2 = !n he is endu$ ) !  
new light ( love :i* sees & tells ( !   
m9d 9 h]1--& ?is nei!r falsely nor      
va9ly4 ,8 love does n be/[1 x discov]s1 
:at is inde$ mo/ preci\s 9 8 mi/ress1 & 
mo/ ne$ful = 8 own life & happ9ess4 ,day
 by day1 z he loves h] bett]1 he disc]ns
 h] m truly2 & x is only ! tru? ( 8 love
 t does s4 ,falsehood to h]1 w\ld at    
once dis5*ant & bl9d him4  ,footnote    
#bc3 ,vide pp4 #abd-e4  ,9 my fir/      
lecture ( ?is ye>1 ,i po9t$ out to y )  
:at extreme simplicity & reality !      
,*ri/ian fai? mu/ h pres5t$ itself to ! 
,nor!rn ,pagan's m9d1 9 its di/9ction f 
8 =m] confus$ & mon/r\s my?ology4 ,x 0  
also 9 t simplicity & tangible reality (
 conception1 t ?is ,fai? became to !m1 &
 to ! o!r savage nations ( ,europe1     
,tutress ( ! real p[] ( _! imag9ation & 
x became s1 only 9 s f> z x inde$       

convey$ to !m /atem5ts :i*1 h[ev] 9 "s  
respects my/]i\s1 7 yet mo/ lit]ally &  
brightly true1 z comp>$ ) _! =m]        
conceptions4 ,s t :ile ! bl9d cunn+ ( ! 
savage _h produc$ only mis%ap5 logs or  
scrawls2 ! see+ imag9ation ( ! ,*ri/ian 
pa9t]s creat$1 = !m & = all ! _w1 !     
p]fect types ( ! ,virg9 & ( h] ,son2 :i*
 became1 inde$1 ,div9e1 by be+1 ) ! mo/ 
affectionate tru?1 human4  ,& !         
association ( ?is tru? 9 lov+           
conception1 ) ! g5]al hone/y & tru? ( ! 
"*1 is aga9 conclusively %[n 9 ! feel+s 
( ! lov] to 8 mi/ress2 :i* we recognize 
z fir/ rea*+ _! height 9 ! days (       
*ivalry4 ,! tru? & fai? ( ! lov]1 & 8   
piety to ,heav51 are ! f\ndation1 9 8   
"*1 ( all ! joy 9 imag9ation :i* he c   
receive f ! conception ( 8 lady's--n[ no
 m mortal--beauty4 ,%e is inde$         
transfigur$ be=e him2 b ! tru? ( !      
transfiguration is great] ?an t ( !     
lightless aspect %e be>s to o!rs4 ,:5   
!re=e1 9 my next lecture1 ,i speak ( !  
,pleasures ( ,tru?1 z di/9ct f ^? ( !   

,imag9ation1--if ei!r ! limits or       
cle>ness ( brief title _h p]mitt$ me1 ,i
 %\ld h said1 untransfigur$ tru?2--mean+
 on ! "o side1 tru? :i* we h n he>t     
en\gh to transfigure1 & on ! o!r1 tru? (
 ! l[] k9d :i* is incapable (           
transfiguration4 ,"o may look at a girl 
till "o believes %e is an angel2        
because1 9 ! be/ ( h]1 %e is "o2 b "o   
c't look at a cock*af] till "o believes 
x is a girl4  ,) ?is w>n+ ( ! connection
 :i* exi/s betwe5 ! hone/ intellect & ! 
heal?y imag9ation2 & us+ h5ce=w>d !     
%ort] ^w ',fancy' = all inv5tive vision1
 ,i proce$ to consid] ) y ! mean+ &     
consequ5ces ( ! frank & eag] ex]tion ( !
 fancy on ,religi\s subjects1 betwe5 !  
twelf? & sixte5? c5turies4  ,its fir/1 &
 admitt$ly mo/ que/ionable action1 !    
promotion ( ! gr\p ( m>tyr sa9ts ( !    
?ird c5tury to ?rones ( unconte/$       
dom9ion 9 heav51 _h bett] be di/9ctly   
und]/ood1 be=e we debate ( x1 ei!r ) !  
,iconocla/ or ! ,rationali/4 ,?is       
apo!osis by ! ,imag9ation is ! subject (

 my pres5t lecture4 ,to-day ,i only     
describe x1--9 my next lecture ,i w     
discuss x4  ,obs]ve1 h[ev]1 t 9 giv+ su*
 a hi/ory ( ! m5tal con/itution ( nasc5t
 ,*ri/ianity1 we h to deal )1 & c>efully
 to di/+ui%1 two entirely diff]5t ord]s 
9 its accept$ hi]>*y3--"o1 sc>cely f\nd$
 at all on p]sonal *>act]s or acts1 b   
my?ic or symbolic2 (t5 m]ely ! revival1 
! baptiz$ resuscitation ( a ,pagan      
deity1 or ! p]sonifi$ omnipres5ce ( a   
,*ri/ian virtue2--! o!r1 a s5ate (      
,patres ,conscripti ( real p]sons1 great
 9 g5ius1 & p]fect1 humanly speak+1 9   
hol9ess2 :o by _! p]sonal =ce & inspir$ 
wisdom1 wr\ght ! pla/ic body ( ! ,*ur*  
into su* noble =m z 9 ea* ( _! epo*s x 0
 able to receive2 & on ! "r und]/&+ ( ^:
 lives1 nor less ( ! affectionate       
traditions :i* magnifi$ & illum9$ _!    
memories1 mu/ absolutely dep5d ! value (
 e e/imate we =m1 :e!r ( ! nature ( !   
,*ri/ian ,*ur* h]self1 or ( ! directness
 ( spiritual ag5cy by :i* %e 0 guid$4#bd
  ,footnote #bd3 ,if ! read] believes 9 

no spiritual ag5cy1 /ill 8 und]/&+ ( !  
fir/ lett]s 9 ! ,alphabet ( ,hi/ory     
dep5ds on 8 compreh5d+ rightly ! temp]s 
( ! p :o did4  ,an important di/9ction1 
!re=e1 is to be not$ at ! outset1 9 !   
objects ( ?is ,apo!osis1 accord+ z !y   
are1 or are n1 real p]sons4  ,( ^! two  
great ord]s ( ,sa9ts1 ! fir/2 or my?ic1 
belongs--speak+ broadly--to ! s\!rn or  
,greek ,*ur* alone4  ,! ,go?ic          
,*ri/ians1 once deta*$ f ! wor%ip ( ,od9
 & ,?or1 abjure f _! he>ts all tru/ 9 ! 
elem5ts1 & all wor%ip ( ideas4 ,!y w h  
_! ,sa9ts 9 fle% & blood1 _! ,angels 9  
plume & arm\r2 & no?+ incorporeal or    
invisible4 ,9 all ! ,religi\s sculpture 
beside ,loire & ,se9e1 y w n f9d ei!r ( 
! great riv]s p]sonifi$2 ! dress ( !    
highe/ s]aph is ( true /eel or s\nd     
broadclo?1 nei!r fleck$ by hail1 nor    
fr+$ by ?und]2 & :ile ! ideal ,*>ity (  
,giotto at ,padua pres5ts h] he>t 9 h]  
h& to ,god1 & tramples at ! same in/ant 
on bags ( gold1 ! treasures ( ! _w1 &   
gives only corn & fl[]s2 t on ! we/ por*

 ( ,ami5s is cont5t to clo! a begg> ) a 
piece ( ! /aple manufacture ( ! t[n4    
,on ! contr>y1 x is ne>ly impossible to 
f9d 9 ! imag]y ( ! ,greek ,*ur*1 "u !   
=m] ex]cise ( ! ,imag9ation1 a          
repres5tation ei!r ( man or bea/ :i*    
purports to repres5t only ! p]son1 or ! 
brute4 ,e mortal creature /&s = an      
,immortal ,intellig5ce or ,influ5ce3 a  
,lamb means an ,apo/le1 a ,lion an      
,evangeli/1 an ,angel ! ,et]nal ju/ice  
or b5evol5ce2 & ! mo/ hi/orical &       
indubitable ( ,sa9ts are compell$ to set
 =?1 9 _! vulg>ly app>5t p]sons1 a      
,platonic my? or an ,a?anasian article4 
,i !re=e take note fir/ ( ! my?ic sa9ts 
9 succession1 :om ?is treatm5t ( !m by !
 ,byzant9e ,*ur* made aft]w>ds !        
fav\rite idols ( all ,*ri/5dom4  ,i4 ,! 
mo/ my?ic is ( c\rse ,/4 ,sophia2 ! %ade
 ( ! ,greek ,a!na1 pass+ into !         
',wisdom' ( ! ,jewi% ,prov]bs & ,psalms1
 & ! ,apocryphal ',wisdom ( ,solomon4'  
,%e always rema9s und]/ood z a          
p]sonification only2 & has no direct    

influ5ce on ! m9d ( ! unle>n$ multitude 
( ,we/]n ,*ri/5dom1 except z a          
godmo!r1--9 :i* k9dly function %e is m &
 m accept$ z times g on2 h] heal?y      
influ5ce be+ p]haps great] ov] sweet    
vic>s' daught]s 9 ,wakefield--:5        
,wakefield 01--?an ov] ! prud5te/ ( !   
r>ely prud5t ,empresses ( ,byzantium4   
,,ii4 ,( ,/4 ,ca?>9e ( ,egypt !re are   
ve/iges ( p]sonal tradition :i* may     
p]haps p]mit ! supposition ( h] hav+    
really once exi/$1 z a v lovely1 witty1 
pr\d1 & 'fanciful' girl4 ,%e aft]w>ds   
becomes ! ,*ri/ian type ( ! ,bride1 9 ! 
',song ( ,solomon1' involv$ ) an ideal (
 all t is pure/ 9 ! life ( a nun1 &     
brighte/ 9 ! dea? ( a m>tyr4 ,x is      
sc>cely possible to ov]rate ! influ5ce (
 ! conceptions =m$ ( h]1 9 ennobl+ !    
s5tim5ts ( ,*ri/ian wom5 ( ! high]      
ord]s2--to _! practical common s5se1 z !
 mi/resses ( a h\sehold or a nation1 h] 
example may h be5 less conducive4       
,,iii4 ,/4 ,b>b>a1 also an ,egyptian1 & 
,/4 ,ca?>9e's contempor>y1 ?\gh ! mo/   

practical ( ! my?ic sa9ts1 is also1 aft]
 ,/4 ,sophia1 ! lea/ corporeal3 %e      
vani%es f> away into ! ',inclusa        
,danae1' & h] ,tunis a5ea becomes a my? 
( ,*ri/ian safety1 ( :i* ! ,scriptural  
significance may be en\gh felt by m]ely 
look+ out ! texts "u ! ^w ,t[]1 9 y\r   
concordance2 & ^: effectual p[]1 9 !    
=titudes alike ( matt] & _s1 0 9 all    
probability made impressive en\gh to all
 ,*ri/5dom1 bo? by ! =tifications &     
p]secutions ( ,diocletian4 ,i h         
endeav\r$ to m>k h] g5]al relations to  
,/4 ,sophia 9 ! little imag9>y dialogue 
betwe5 !m1 giv5 9 ! eigh? lecture ( !   
',e?ics ( ! ,du/4'  ,aft]w>ds1 z ,go?ic 
ar*itecture becomes dom9ant1 & at la/   
beyond "q ! mo/ wond]ful ( all          
temple-build+1 ,/4 ,b>b>a's ,t[] is1 (  
c\rse1 its p]fect$ symbol & utmo/       
a*ievem5t2 & :e!r 9 ! coronets (        
c\ntless battlem5ts worn on ! br[s ( !  
noble/ cities1 or 9 ! ,lomb>d bell-t[]  
on ! m\nta9s1 & ! ,engli% spire on ,s>um
 pla91 ! geometric maje/y ( ! ,egyptian 

maid became glori\s 9 h>mony ( def5ce1 &
 sacr$ ) precision ( symbol4  ,z !      
build+s :i* %[$ h] utmo/ skill 7 *iefly 
expos$ to lightn+1 %e is invok$ 9 def5ce
 f x2 & our petition 9 ! ,litany1 aga9/ 
sudd5 dea?1 0 writt5 orig9ally to h]4 ,!
 blasphem\s corruptions ( h] into a     
patroness ( cannon & gunp[d]1 are among 
! mo/ ludicr\s1 7because precisely      
contr>y to ! orig9al tradition17 z well 
z ! mo/ deadly1 insol5ces & /upidities (
 ,r5aissance ,art4  ,,iv4 ,/4 ,m>g>et ( 
,antio* 0 a %eph]dess2 ! ,/4 ,g5evieve (
 ! ,ea/2 ! type ( fem99e g5tl5ess &     
simplicity4 ,traditions ( ! resurrection
 ( ,alce/is p]haps m+le 9 ^? ( h] conte/
 ) ! dragon2 b at all ev5ts1 %e diff]s f
 ! o!r ?ree great my?ic sa9ts1 9        
express+ ! s\l's victory ov] temptation 
or affliction1 by ,*ri/'s miracul\s     
help1 & )\t any special p[] ( its own4  
,%e is ! sa9t ( ! meek & ( ! poor2 h]   
virtue & h] victory are ^? ( all graci\s
 & l[ly womanhood2 & h] memory is       
consecrat$ among ! g5tle h\seholds (    

,europe2 no o!r "n1 except ^? ( ,jeanne 
& ,jeanie1 seems s gift$ ) a baptismal  
fairy p[] ( giv+ grace & peace4  ,i mu/ 
be =giv5 = ?9k+1 ev5 on ?is canonical   
gr\nd1 n only ( ,jeanie ,deans1 &       
,m>g>et ( ,branksome2 b (               
,meg--,m]rilies4 ,my read]s w1 ,i fe>1  
*oose r to ?9k ( ! m d\btful victory ov]
 ! ,dragon1 won by ! great ,m>g>et (    
,g]man lit]ature4  ,v4 ,) mu* m cle>ness
 & hi/oric com=t we may approa* ! %r9e (
 ,/4 ,cecilia2 & ev5 on ! mo/ prosaic & 
reali/ic m9ds--su* z my own--a visit to 
h] h\se 9 ,rome has a com=t+ & e/abli%+ 
effect1 :i* rem9ds "o ( ! c>t] 9 ',h>ry 
& ,lucy1' :o is conv9c$ ( ! tru? ( a    
plau/ral cata/rophe at fir/ incr$ible to
 him1 z soon z he he>s ! "n ( ! hill on 
:i* x happ5$4 ,! rul+ conception ( h] is
 deep5$ gradually by ! enl>g$ /udy (    
,religi\s music2 & is at its be/ &      
highe/ 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury1 :5 %e r      
resi/s ?an complies ) ! already tempt+ &
 di/ract+ p[]s ( s\nd2 & we are told t  
cantantibus organis1 ,cecilia virgo 9   

corde suo soli ,dom9o decantabat1 dic5s1
 ',fiat1 ,dom9e1 cor meum et corpus meum
 immaculatum1 ut non confund>4'  7,:ile 
! in/rum5ts play$1 ,cecilia ! virg9 sang
 9 h] he>t only to ! ,"l1 say+1 ,oh ,"l1
 be my he>t & body made /a9less1 t ,i be
 n conf\nd$47  ,?is s5t5ce occurs 9 my  
great ,s]vice-book ( ! conv5t (         
,beau-pre1 writt5 9 #abij1 & x is       
illu/rat$ ) a m9iature ( ,cecilia sitt+ 
sil5t at a banquet1 :]e all mann] (     
musicians are play+4 ,i ne$ n po9t out  
to y h[ ! law1 n ( sacr$ music only1 s  
call$1 b ( all music1 is det]m9$ by ?is 
s5t5ce2 :i* means 9 effect t unless     
music exalt & purify1 x is n "u ,/4     
,cecilia's ord9ance1 & x is n1          
virtually1 music at all4  ,h] confess$  
p[] at la/ expires amid/ a hubbub ( odes
 & sonatas2 & ,i suppose h] pres5ce at a
 ,morn+ ,popul> is z little anticipat$ z
 desir$4 ,unconfess$1 %e is ( all !     
my?ic sa9ts = ev] ! greate/2 & ! *ild 9 
its nurse's arms1 & e t5d] & g5tle _s   
:i* resolves to purify 9 itself1--z !   

eye = see+1 s ! e> = he>+1--may /ill1   
:e!r beh9d ! ,temple veil1#be or at !   
fireside1 & by ! wayside1 he> ,cecilia  
s+4    ,footnote #be3;,b1 /&+ 9 ! l[e/  
place1   ,& m+l$ ) ! "w-day cr[d1   ,a  
poor man looks1 ) lift$ face1   ,& he>s 
! ,angels cry al\d4    ,he seeks n h[   
ea* in/ant flies1   ,"o mom5t is        
,et]nity2   ,8 _s ) ! ,angels cries     
,to ,!e1 to ,!e1 cont9ually4    ,:at if1
 ,isaiah-l1 he "k   ,8 he>t be weak1 8  
lips unclean1   ,8 nature vile1 8 (fice 
l[1   ,8 dwell+ & 8 p mean8    ,to su* !
 ,angels spake ( old--   ,to su* ( yore1
 ! glory came2   ,^! alt> fires c ne'er 
gr[ cold3     ,!n be x 81 t cleans+     
flame4  ,^! v]ses1 "p ( a v lovely poem1
 ,to ,!e all ,angels cry al\d1 9 !      
',mon?ly ,packet' = ,septemb] #ahgc1 are
 only sign$ ',v]itas4' ,! volume = t ye>
 7! #af?7 is well wor? gett+1 = ! sake (
 ! admirable pap]s 9 x by ,miss ,sewell1
 on que/ions ( ! day2 by ,miss ,a4,c4   
,ow51 on ,*ri/ian ,art2 & ! unsign$     
,cameos f ,engli% ,hi/ory4  ,x w\ld     

delay me too long j n[ to trace 9       
specialty f>!r ! functions ( ! my?ic1   
or1 z 9 ano!r s5se !y may be truly      
call$1 ! univ]sal1 ,sa9ts3 ! next       
greate/ ( !m1 ,/4 ,ursula1 is ess5tially
 ,briti%1--& y w f9d en\gh ab\t h] 9    
',=s ,clavig]a'2 ! o!rs1 ,i w simply    
give y 9 entirely au?oritative ord] f ! 
,/4 ,l\is' ,psalt]1 z he read & ?\ght ( 
!m4  ,! prop] ,s]vice-book ( ! ?irte5?  
c5tury consi/s fir/ ( ! pure ,psalt]2 !n
 ( c]ta9 ess5tial passages ( ! ,old     
,te/am5t--inv>iably ! ,song ( ,miriam at
 ! ,r$ ,sea & ! la/ song (              
,moses2--ord9>ily also ! #ab? ( ,isaiah 
& ! pray] ( ,habakkuk2 :ile ,/4 ,l\is'  
,psalt] has also ! pray] ( ,hannah1 & t 
( ,hezekiah 7,isaiah xxxviii4 #aj-bj72 !
 ,song ( ! ,?ree ,*ildr52 !n !          
,b5$ictus1 ! ,magnificat1 & ! ,nunc     
,dimittis4 ,!n foll[s ! ,a?anasian      
,cre$2 & !n1 z 9 all ,psalt]s aft] _!   
*os5 ,scripture passages1 ! collects to 
! ,virg91 ! ,te ,deum1 & ,s]vice to     
,*ri/1 beg9n+ ) ! ,psalm ',! ,"l        

reigne?'2 & !n ! collects to ! great]   
individual sa9ts1 clos+ ) ! ,litany1 or 
con/ant pray] = m]cy to ,*ri/1 & all    
sa9ts2 ( :om ! ord] is1--,ar*angels1    
,patri>*s1 ,apo/les1 ,disciples1        
,innoc5ts1 ,m>tyrs1 ,confessors1 ,monks1
 & ,virg9s4 ,( wom5 ! ,magdal5 always   
leads2 ,/4 ,m>y ( ,egypt usually foll[s1
 b may be ! la/4 ,!n ! ord] v>ies 9 e   
place1 & pray]-book1 no recognizable    
supremacy be+ traceable2 except 9       
relation to ! place1 or p]son1 = :om !  
book 0 writt54 ,9 ,/4 ,l\is'1 ,/4       
,g5evieve 7! la/ sa9t to :om he pray$ on
 8 dea?-b$7 foll[s ! two ,m>ies2 !n     
come--memorable = y be/1 z easie/1 9 ?is
 six-foil gr\p1--,sa9ts ,ca?>9e1        
,m>g>et1 & ,scola/ica1 ,aga?a1 ,cecilia1
 & ,agnes2 & !n t5 m1 :om y may le>n or 
n z y l3 ,i note !m n[ only = future    
ref]5ce1--m lively & easy = y\r         
le>n+1--by _! ,fr5* names1  ,felicite1  
,colombe1  ,*ri/9e1         99       99 
99       99       99  ,auree1 ,honor9e1 
99       99       99       99       99  

,radegonde1  ,prax$e1  ,euphemie1       
99       99       99       99       99  
,ba?ilde1 ,eug5ie4  ,su* 0 ! sy/em (    
,!ology into :i* ! ,imag9ative ,religion
 ( ,europe 0 cry/alliz$1 by ! gr[? ( its
 own be/ faculties1 & ! influ5ce ( all  
accessible & cr$ible au?orities1 dur+ ! 
p]iod betwe5 ! elev5? & fifte5? c5turies
 inclusive4 ,its spiritual p[] is       
completely repres5t$ by ! angelic &     
apo/olic dyna/ies1 & ! wom5-sa9ts 9     
,p>adise2 = ( ! m5-sa9ts1 b5ea? !       
apo/les & prophets1 none b ,/4          
,*ri/oph]1 ,/4 ,ni*olas1 ,/4 ,an?ony1   
,/4 ,james1 & ,/4 ,george1 atta9$ any?+ 
l ! influ5ce ( ,ca?>9e or ,cecilia2 = ! 
v curi\s reason1 t ! m5-sa9ts 7 mu* m   
true1 real1 & num]\s4 ,/4 ,m>t9 0       
rev]5c$ all ov] ,europe1 b def9itely1 z 
a man1 & ! ,bi%op ( ,t\rs4 ,s ,/4       
,ambrose at ,milan1 & ,/4 ,gregory at   
,rome1 & hundr$s ( good m5 m1 all ov] ! 
_w2 :ile ! really good wom5 rema9$1 ?\gh
 n r>e1 inconspicu\s4 ,! virtues ( ,fr5*
 ,clotilde1 & ,swiss ,b]!1 7 pa9fully   

borne d[n 9 ! balance ( visible judgm5t1
 by ! guilt ( ! ,gon]ils1 ,regans1 &    
,lady ,macbe?s1 ^: spectral procession  
closes only ) ! figure ( ,eleanor 9     
,wood/ock maze2 & 9 de>? ( ne>] objects1
 ! daily bright] p[]s ( fancy dwelt ) m 
conc5trat$ devotion on ! /a9less ideals 
( ! e>li] maid-m>tyrs4 ,& obs]ve1 ev5 ! 
l(ti] fame ( ! m5-sa9ts above nam$1 z   
comp>$ ) ! re/1 dep5ds on precisely !   
same "* ( indef9ite p]sonality2 & on !  
repres5tation1 by ea* ( !m1 ( a moral   
idea :i* may be embodi$ & pa9t$ 9 a     
miracul\s leg5d2 cr$ible1 z hi/ory1 ev5 
!n1 only to ! vulg>2 b p[]ful ov] !m1   
nev]!less1 exactly 9 proportion to !    
degree 9 :i* x c be pictur$ & fanci$ z a
 liv+ creature4 ,consid] ev5 yet 9 ^!   
days ( me*anism1 h[ ! dulle/ ,john ,bull
 _c ) p]fect complac5cy adore himself1  
except "u ! figure ( ,britannia or !    
,briti% ,lion2 & h[ ! exi/5ce ( ! popul>
 je/-book1 :i* might h seem$ secure 9   
its necessity to our weekly recreation1 
is yet virtually c5tr$ on ! imag9>y     

animation ( a puppet1 & ! imag9>y       
elevation to reason ( a dog4 ,b 9 !     
,middle ,ages1 ?is action ( ! ,fancy1 n[
 di/ort$ & despis$1 0 ! happy & sacr$   
tutress ( e faculty ( ! body & s\l2 & ! 
works & ?\ghts ( art1 ! joys & toils (  
m51 rose & fl[$ on 9 ! bright air ( x1 )
 ! aspiration ( a flame1 & ! b5efic5ce (
 a f\nta94  ,& n[1 9 ! re/ ( my lecture1
 ,i _h int5d$ to give y a broad summ>y (
 ! rise & fall ( ,engli% art1 born "u   
?is code ( !ology1 & ?is en?usiasm (    
duty2--( its rise1 f ! rude vaults (    
,we/m9/]1 to ! f9i%$ maje/y ( ,wells2--&
 ( its fall1 f t brief h\r ( ! ?irte5?  
c5tury1 ?r\gh ! w>s ( ! ,bol+broke1 & ! 
pride ( ! ,tudor1 & ! lu/ ( ! ,/ew>t1 to
 expire "u ! mock+ sn>l & ru?less bl[ ( 
! ,puritan4 ,b y "k t ,i h always1 9 my 
mo/ s]i\s "w1 all[$ myself to be        
influ5c$ by ^? ,*ances1 z !y are n[     
call$1--b to my own feel+ & belief1     
guidances1 & ev51 if rightly und]/ood1  
comm&s1--:i*1 z f> z ,i h read hi/ory1 !
 be/ & s9c]e/ m5 ?9k provid5tial4 ,_h   

?is lecture be5 on common pr9ciples (   
art1 ,i %\ld h f9i%$ x z ,i int5d$1 )\t 
fe> ( its be+ ! worse = my consi/5cy4 ,b
 x deals1 on ! contr>y1 ) a subject1    
respect+ :i* e s5t5ce ,i write1 or      
speak1 is ( importance 9 its issue2 & ,i
 all[$1 z y he>d1 ! mom5t>y obs]vation (
 a fri5d1 to give an entirely new ca/ to
 ! close ( my la/ lecture4 ,mu* m1 ,i   
feel x incumb5t ^u me 9 ?is "o1 to take 
advantage ( ! mo/ opportune help1 ?\gh 9
 an unexpect$ direction1 giv5 me by my  
con/ant tutor1 ,pr(essor ,we/wood4 ,i   
w5t to d9e ) him1 a day or two ago1     
ma9ly--be+ nei!r ( u1 ,i am ?ankful to  
say1 blue-rib&$--to dr9k 8 heal? on 8   
recov]y f 8 rec5t accid5t4 ,:]eupon he  
gave me a fea/ ( good talk1 old w9e1 &  
purple manuscripts4 ,& hav+ _h z mu* (  
all z ,i c\ld well c>ry1 j z x came to !
 good-night1 out he br+s1 = a f9i%1 ?is 
leaf ( manuscript 9 my h&1 :i* he has   
l5t me to %[ y1--a leaf ( ! ,bible (    
,*>les ! ,bald6  ,a leaf ( x1 at lea/1 z
 f> z y or ,i c\ld tell1 = ,pr(essor    

,we/wood's copy is j z good1 9 all !    
p>ts f9i%$1 z ! orig9al3 &1 = all       
practical purpose1 ,i %[ y "h 9 my h& a 
leaf ( ! ,bible :i* y\r own ,k+ ,alfr$  
saw ) 8 own bright eyes1 & f :i* he     
le>n$ 8 *ild-fai? 9 ! days ( dawn+      
?\ght6  ,!re are few ,engli% *ildr5 :o d
 n "k ! /ory ( ,alfr$1 ! k+1 lett+ !    
cakes burn1 & be+ *idd5 by 8 peasant    
ho/ess4 ,h[ few ,engli% *ildr5--nay1 h[ 
few p]haps ( _! educat$1 n to say le>n$1
 eld]s--reflect ^u1 if ev5 !y "k1 ! f>  
diff]5t sc5es ?r\gh :i* he _h pass$ :5 a
 *ild6  ,conc]n+ 8 fa!r1 8 "m1 & 8 own  
*ildhood1 suppose y 7 to tea* y\r *ildr5
 fir/ ^! foll[+ ma9 facts1 be=e y come  
to ! toa/+ ( ! muff98  ,8 fa!r1 educat$ 
by ,helm/an1 ,bi%op ( ,w9*e/]1 _h be5   
(f]$ ! ?rone ( ! great ,saxon k+dom (   
,m]cia 9 8 e>ly y\?2 _h refus$ x1 &     
ent]$1 z a novice "u ,/4 ,s)9 ! mona/]y 
at ,w9*e/]4 ,f ,/4 ,s)91 he receiv$ !   
mona/ic habit1 & 0 appo9t$ by ,bi%op    
,helm/an "o ( 8 sub-deacons6  ,! quiet  
seclusion :i* ,e!lwulph's sl[#bf        

capacity & meek temp] covet$ 0 n p]mitt$
 to him by fate4 ,! dea? ( 8 eld] bro!r 
left him ! only liv+ repres5tative ( !  
l9e ( ! ,we/ ,saxon pr9ces4 ,8 accession
 to ! ?rone became ! desire ( ! p4 ,he  
obta9$ a disp5sation f ! ,pope to leave 
! cloi/]2 assum$ ! cr[n ( ,egb]t2 &     
reta9$ ,egb]t's prime m9i/]1 ,al/an1    
,bi%op ( ,%]borne1 :o 0 ! ,m9i/] 9 peace
 & w>1 ! ,treasur]1 & ! ,c\nsellor1 ( ! 
k+s ( ,engl&1 ov] a space1 f fir/ to    
la/1 ( fifty ye>s4  ,footnote #bf3      
,turn]1 quot+ ,william ( ,malmesbury1   
,crassioris et hebetis +5ii1--mean+ t he
 _h nei!r ard\r = w>1 nor ambition =    
k+hood4  ,alfr$'s "m1 ,osburga1 mu/ h   
be5 m>ri$ = love4 ,%e 0 ! daught] (     
,oslac1 ! k+'s cup-be>]4 ,extoll$ = h]  
piety & und]/&+1 %e bore ! k+ f\r sons2 
dy+ be=e ! la/1 ,alfr$1 0 five ye>s old1
 b leav+ him ,/4 ,s)9 = 8 tutor4 ,h[    
little d any ( u ?9k1 9 idle talk ( ra9 
or no ra9 on ,/4 ,s)9's day1 t we speak 
( ! man :om ,alfr$'s fa!r obey$ z a     
monk1 & :om 8 "m *ose = 8 gu>dian6      

,alfr$1 bo? to fa!r & "m1 0 ! be/ belov$
 ( _! *ildr54 ,on 8 "m's dea?1 8 fa!r   
s5t him1 be+ !n five ye>s old1 ) a great
 ret9ue ?r\gh ,france & across ! ,alps  
to ,rome2 & !re ! ,pope ano9t$ him ,k+1 
7heir-app>5t to ! ,engli% ?rone71 at !  
reque/ ( 8 fa!r4  ,?9k ( x1 y travell]s 
?r\gh ! ,alps by tunnels1 t y may g to  
balls at ,rome or hells at ,monaco4 ,"h 
is ano!r mann] ( j\rney1 ano!r goal = x1
 appo9t$ = y\r little k+4 ,at twelve1 he
 0 already ! be/ hunt] among ! ,saxon   
y\?s4 ,be sure he c\ld sit 8 horse at   
five4 ,fancy ! *ild1 ) 8 ke5 g5ius1 &   
holy he>t1 rid+ ) 8 ,saxon *iefs beside 
him1 by ! ,alp9e fl[]s "u ,velan or     
,sempione1 & d[n among ! olives to      
,pavia1 to ,p]ugia1 to ,rome2 !re1 l !  
little fabl$ ,virg91 asc5d+ ! ,temple   
/eps1 & consecrat$ to be ,k+ ( ,engl& by
 ! great ,leo1 ,leo ( ! ,leon9e city1 ! 
savi\r ( ,rome f ! ,s>ac54  ,two ye>s   
aft]w>ds1 he rode aga9 to ,rome beside 8
 fa!r2 ! ,we/ ,saxon k+ br++ pres5ts to 
! ,pope1 a cr[n ( pure gold weigh+ f\r  

p\nds1 a sword adorn$ ) pure gold1 two  
gold5 images1#bg f\r ,saxon silv] di%es2
 & giv+ a gift ( gold to all ! ,roman   
cl]gy & nobles1#bh & ( silv] to ! p4    
,footnote #bg3 ,turn]1 ,book ,,iv41--n a
 ve/ige ( h9t f ! /upid ,engli%man1 :at 
! ,pope want$ ) cr[n1 sword1 or image6  
,my own guess w\ld be1 t x meant an (f]+
 ( ! entire h\sehold /r5g?1 9 w> &      
peace1 ( ! ,saxon nation1--_! cr[n1 _!  
sword1 _! h\sehold gods1 ,irm9sul &     
,irm9sula1 _! fea/+1 & _! robes4        
,footnote #bh3 ,aga91 :at does ?is mean8
 ,gifts ( hon\r to ! ,pope's imm$iate   
att5dants--silv] to all ,rome8 ,does !  
mod]n read] ?9k ?is is buy+ little      
,alfr$'s consecration too de>1 or t ,leo
 is sell+ ! ,holy ,gho/8  ,no idle      
sacrifices or symbols1 ^! gifts (       
c\rtesy6 ,! ,saxon ,k+ rebuilt on !     
highe/ hill t is ba!d by ,tib]1 ! ,saxon
 /reet & s*ool1 ! ,borgo1#bi ( ^:       
miracul\sly arre/$ burn+ ,raphael's     
fresco pres]ves ! /ory to ?is day4 ,&   
fur!r he obta9$ f ,leo ! lib]ty ( all   

,saxon m5 f bonds 9 p5ance2--a fir/     
phase ?is ( ,magna ,*>ta1 obta9$ m      
hon\rably1 f a m hon\rable p]son1 ?an t 
docum5t1 by :i* ,engli%m5 ( ?is day1    
suppose !y live1 move1 & h be+4         
,footnote #bi3 ,quae 9 eorum l+ua       
,burgus dicitur1--! place :]e x 0       
situat$ 0 call$ ! ,saxon /reet1 ,saxonum
 vicum 7,ana/asius1 quot$ by ,turn]74   
,!re seems to me "s evid5ce 9 ! scatt]$ 
passages ,i h n "t to collate1 t at ?is 
"t ! ,saxon ,burg1 or t[]1 ( a village1 
includ$ ! idea ( its s*ool4  ,h[ f> into
 ,alfr$'s s\l1 at sev5 ye>s old1 sank   
any true image ( :at ,rome 01 & _h be52 
( :at h] ,lion ,"l 01 :o _h sav$ h] f ! 
,s>ac51 & h] ,lion ,"l _h be51 :o _h    
sav$ h] f ! ,hun2 & :at ?is ,spiritual  
,dom9ion 01 & 0 to be1 :i* c\ld make &  
unmake k+s1 & save nations1 & put armies
 to flight2 ,i leave ^? to say1 :o h    
le>n$ to rev]5ce *ildhood4 ,?is1 at     
lea/1 is sure1 t ! days ( ,alfr$ 7 b\nd 
ea* to ea*1 n only by _! natural piety1 
b by ! actual pres5ce & appeal to 8     

he>t1 ( all t 0 !n 9 ! _w mo/ noble1    
beautiful1 & /rong aga9/ ,dea?4  ,9 ?is 
liv+ ,book ( ,god he _h le>n$ to read1  
?us e>ly2 & ) p]haps nobl] ambition ?an 
( gett+ ! prize ( a gild$ psalm-book at 
8 "m's knee1 z y are commonly told (    
him4 ,:at sort ( psalm-book x 01 h[ev]1 
y may see f ?is leaf 9 my h&4 ,=1 z 8   
fa!r & he return$ f ,rome t ye>1 !y /ay$
 aga9 at ! ,c\rt ( ,*>lemagne's gr&son1 
^: daught]1 ! ,pr9cess ,judi?1 ,e!lwolf 
0 woo+ = ,que5 ( ,engl&1 7n             
que5-consort1 m]ely1 b cr[n$ que51 (    
au?ority equal to 8 own47 ,f :om ,alfr$ 
0 l en\gh to h _h a read+ lesson or two 
out ( h] fa!r's ,bible2 & l en\gh1 !    
little pr9ce1 to h /ay$ h] h& at ?is    
bright leaf ( x1 ! ,lion-leaf1 be>+ !   
symbol ( ! ,lion ( ! tribe ( ,judah4  ,y
 _c1 ( c\rse1 see any?+ b ! glitt]+ f   
:]e y sit2 nor ev5 if y aft]w>ds look at
 x ne>1 w y f9d a figure ! lea/         
admirable or impressive to y4 ,x is n l 
,l&se]'s ,lions 9 ,trafalg> ,squ>e2 nor 
l ,t5niel's 9 ',pun*'2 /ill less l !    

real ones 9 ,reg5t's ,p>k4 ,nei!r d ,i  
%[ x y z admirable 9 any respect ( art1 
o!r ?an t ( skilfulle/ illum9ation4 ,i  
%[ x y1 z ! mo/ int]e/+ ,go?ic type ( ! 
imag9ation ( ,lion2 :i*1 aft] ! ,roman  
,eagle1 possess$ ! m9ds ( all ,european 
w>riors2 until1 z !y !mselves grew      
selfi% & cruel1 ! symbols :i* at fir/   
meant heav5-s5t victory1 or ! /r5g? &   
pres5ce ( "s ,div9e _s1 became to !m    
only ! signs ( _! own pride or rage3 !  
victor rav5 ( ,corvus s9ks into ! %am$  
falcon ( ,m>mion1 & ! lion-he>t$ness :i*
 gave ! glory & ! peace ( ! gods to     
,leonidas1 ca/s ! glory & ! might (     
k+hood to ! du/ be=e ,*alus4#cj         
,footnote #cj3 ',=s ,clavig]a1' ,m>*1   
#ahga1 p4 #ai4 ,yet read ! prec$+ pages1
 & le>n ! tru? ( ! lion he>t1 :ile y    
m\rn its pride4 ,note especially 8      
absolute law aga9/ usury4  ,t dea?1 #f? 
,april1 #aaii1 end$ ! advance ( ,engl&  
begun by ,alfr$1 "u ! pure law (        
,religi\s ,imag9ation4 ,%e began1       
already1 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury1 to be      

decoratively1 in/ead ( vitally1         
religi\s4 ,! hi/ory ( ! ,religi\s       
,imag9ation express$ betwe5 ,alfr$'s "t 
& t ( ,coeur de ,lion1 9 ?is symbol ( ! 
,lion only1 has mat]ial 9 x r = all my  
sev5 lectures ?an = ! clos+ section (   
"o2 b ,i mu/ briefly specify to y ! ma9 
sections ( x4 ,i w keep cle> ( my       
fav\rite numb] sev51 & ask y to         
recollect ! mean+ ( only ,five1 ,my?ic  
,lions4  ,fir/ ( all1 9 ,greek art1     
rememb] to keep y\rselves cle> ab\t !   
diff]5ce betwe5 ! ,lion & ! ,gorgon4  ,!
 ,gorgon is ! p[] ( evil 9 heav51       
conqu]$ by ,a!na1 & !nce=w>d becom+ h]  
aegis1 :5 %e is h]self ! inflictor (    
evil4 ,h] helmet is !n ! helmet (       
,orcus4  ,b ! ,lion is ! p[] ( dea? on  
e>?1 conqu]$ by ,h]acles1 & becom+      
!nce=w>d bo? 8 helmet & aegis4 ,all     
ord9>y ar*itectural lion sculpture is   
d]iv$ f ! ,h]aclean4  ,!n ! ,*ri/ian    
,lions are1 fir/1 ! ,lion ( ! ,tribe (  
,judah--,*ri/ ,himself z ,capta9 &      
,judge3 ,he %all rule ! nations ) a rod 

( iron1 7! opposite p[] ( ,8 adv]s>y1 is
 r>ely int5d$ 9 sculpture unless 9      
association ) ! s]p5t--inculcabis supra 
leonem et aspidem72 secondly1 ! ,lion ( 
,/4 ,m>k1 ! p[] ( ! ,gospel go+ out to  
conque/2 ?irdly1 ! ,lion ( ,/4 ,j]ome1 !
 wra? ( ! brute creation *ang$ into love
 by ! k9dness ( man2 &1 f\r?ly1 ! ,lion 
( ! ,zodiac1 :i* is ! ,lion ( ,egypt & (
 ! ,lomb>dic pill>-supports 9 ,italy2 ^!
 f\r1 if y rememb]1 ) ! ,nemean ,greek  
"o1 five altoge!r1 w give y1 broadly1   
int]pretation ( ne>ly all ,lion         
symbolism 9 great art4 ,h[ !y deg5]ate  
into ! ,briti% door knock]1 ,i leave y  
to det]m9e = y\rselves1 ) su* assi/ances
 z ,i may be able to sugge/ to y 9 my   
next lecture2 b1 z ! grotesqu5ess (     
human hi/ory plans x1 !re is actually a 
connection betwe5 t la/ degradation ( ! 
,leon9e symbol1 & its fir/ & noble/     
significance4  ,y see !re are lett]s    
r\nd ?is gold5 ,lion ( ,alfr$'s         
spell+-book1 :i* 8 pr9cess fri5d 0      
likely en\gh to spell = him4 ,!y are two

 ,lat9 hexamet]s3--    ,hic ,leo1       
surg5do1 portas confregit ,av]ni   ,qui 
nunquam dormit1 nusquam dormitat1 9     
aevum4   7,?is ,lion1 ris+1 bur/ ! gates
 ( ,dea?3   ,?is1 :o sleeps n1 nor %all 
sleep1 = ev]47  ,n[ "h is ! ,*ri/ian    
*ange ( ! ,h]aclean conque/ ( ,dea? into
 ,*ri/'s ,resurrection4 ,samson's be>+  
away ! gates ( ,gaza is ano!r l symbol1 
& to ! m9d ( ,alfr$1 taught1 :e!r by !  
,pope ,leo = 8 s*oolma/]1 or by !       
great-gr&daught] ( ,*>lemagne = 8       
s*oolmi/ress1 x repres5t$1 z x did to   
all ! intellig5ce ( ,*ri/5dom1 ,*ri/ 9  
,8 own fir/ & la/1 ,alpha & ,omega1     
description ( ,himself1--  ,i am ,he t  
live? & 0 dead1 & behold ,i am alive =  
ev]more1 & h ! keys ( ,hell & ( ,dea?4  
,& 9 ,8 s]vant ,/4 ,john's description (
 ,him--  ,:o is ! ,fai?ful ,witness & ! 
,fir/-begott5 ( ! dead1 & ! ,pr9ce ( !  
k+s ( ! e>?4  ,all ?is assur$ly1 s f> z 
! "y *ild1 consecrat$ l ,david1 ! y\nge/
 ( 8 bre?r51 conceiv$ 8 own new life 9  
,e>? & ,heav51--he und]/ood already 9 ! 

,lion symbol4 ,b ( all ?is ,i _h no     
?\ght#ca :5 ,i *ose ! pray] ( ,alfr$ z !
 type ( ! ,religion ( 8 era1 9 its      
dwell+1 n on ! deliv]ance f ! puni%m5t (
 s91 b f ! poison\s sleep & dea? ( x4 ,w
 y ev] le>n t pray] aga91--y\?s :o are  
to be prie/s1 & knights1 & k+s ( ,engl&1
 9 ^! ! latt] days8 :5 ! gospel (       
,et]nal ,dea? is prea*$ "h 9 ,ox=d to y 
= ! ,pride ( ,tru?8 & ! m\nta9 ( ! ,"l's
 ,h\se has become a ,golgo?a1 & ! new   
song be=e ! ?rone sunk into ! roll+     
?und] ( ! dea? rattle ( ! ,nations1     
cry+1 ,o ,*ri/1 :]e is ,?y ,victory6    
,footnote #ca3 ,! ref]5ce to ! ,bible ( 
,*>les le ,*auve 0 add$ to my second    
lecture 7page #ed71 9 correct+ ! press1 
mi/ak5ly put into ! text in/ead ( !     
notes4   ,,notes4  #a4 ,! ,five ,*ri/mas
 ,days4 7,^! 7 drawn out on a l>ge &    
conspicu\s diagram47  ,^! days1 z x     
happ5s1 sum up ! ,hi/ory ( _! ,five     
,c5turies4    ,*ri/mas ,day1 #dif4      
,clovis baptiz$4                #hjj4   
,*>lemagne cr[n$4               #ajda4  

,v[ ( ! ,c\nt ( ,av]sa 7,page #hj74     
#ajff4 ,! ,conqu]or cr[n$4              
#aacj4 ,rog] ,,ii4 cr[n$ ,k+ ( ! ,two   
,sicilies4  #b4 ,= conclusion ( ! :ole  
matt] two pictures 7 %[n & comm5t$ on--!
 two mo/ p]fect pictures 9 ! _w4  7#a7  
,a small piece f ,t9toret's ,p>adiso 9 !
 ,ducal ,palace1 repres5t+ ! gr\p ( ,/4 
,ambrose1 ,/4 ,j]ome1 ,/4 ,gregory1 ,/4 
,augu/9e1 & beh9d ,/4 ,augu/9e 8 "m     
wat*+ him1 h] *ief joy ev5 9 ,p>adise4  
7#b7 ,! ,arundel ,society's reproduction
 ( ! ,alt>-piece by ,giorgione 9 8      
native hamlet ( ,ca/el ,franco4 ,!      
,arundel ,society has done m = u ?an we 
h any notion (4         99       99     
99       99       99     ,,! ,,works    
,,(  ,,john ,,rusk91  7,,sep>ately ,,&  
,,9 ,,sets47         99       99        
99       99       99    ,,an ,,inquiry  
,,into ,,"s ,,( ,,! ,,conditions        
,,affect+ ,,! ,,/udy ,,( ,,ar*itecture  
,,9   ,,our ,,s*ools4 #abmo1 pap]4      
#aj    ,,aratra ,,p5telici4 ,six        
,lectures on !   ,elem5ts ( ,sculpture1 

giv5 be=e ! ,univ]sity   ( ,ox=d1 )     
cuts4 #abmo1 russet clo?4               
#ej    ,,ditto1 ,) #ba full-page plates 
7two color$71   pr9t$ sep>ately4 #abmo1 
russet clo?4               #a #jj       
,,ariadne ,,flor5t9a4 ,six ,lectures on 
,wood   & ,metal ,engrav+1 giv5 be=e !  
,univ]sity   ( ,ox=d1 #abmo1 clo?4      
,complete )   ,app5dix4 #abmo1 russet   
clo?4                           #ej     
,,ditto4 ,) #ab full-page plates1 pr9t$ 
sep>ately4       #abmo1 russet clo?4    
#a #jj    ,,arr[s ,,( ,,! ,,*ace4 ,a    
,collection   ( ,lett]s f #ahdj to      
#ahhj4 ,edit$ by an ,ox=d   ,pupil4 #b  
vols4 b\nd 9 "o4 ,plate4 #abmo1 clo?4   
#a #jj    ,,art ,,culture4 ,a ,h&-,book 
( ,art ,te*nicalities   & ,criticisms1  
select$ f ! ,works ( ,john   ,rusk91 &  
arrang$ & supplem5t$ by ,rev4 ,w4,h4    
,platt1 = ! use ( ! ,intellig5t ,travel]
 &   ,art ,/ud5t1 ) a new ,gloss>y (    
,art ,t]ms &   an ,alphabetical &       
,*ronological ,li/ ( ,arti/s4   ,)      
illu/rations4 #abmo1 russet clo?4       

#a #ej  ,mr4 ,platt has work$ out an    
idea s /rik+ = its attractiv5ess &      
utility t1 p]ceiv+ x1 we at once g to "w
 wond]+ t somebody else _h n execut$ x  
be=e him4 ,he has gone ov] ! va/ & sup]b
 areas ( ,john ,rusk9's ,writ+s1 & cutt+
 out "o block "h & ano!r !re1 z x has   
suit$ 8 purpose1 has put all ^! p>ts    
toge!r aga9 into a lit]>y mosaic1       
con/itut+ a cle> & h>moni\s sy/em ( art 
pr9ciples1 :]e9 ,rusk9 all ! :ile is !  
tea*]4 ,he has r$uc$ ,rusk9 to a code4  
,on ! :ole1 we see n :at ?is book lacks 
( be+ a complete text-book ( ! ,gospel (
 ,art accord+ to ,/4 ,john              
,rusk94--,*ri/ian ,union4    ,,art ,,(  
,,engl&4 ,lectures giv5 9 ,ox=d   dur+ !
 second t5ure ( ! ,slade ,pr(essor%ip4  
,p>ts ,i4 to ,,vi4 complete1 #abmo1     
russet clo?4           #ej    ,,art ,,( 
,,engl&4 #abmo1 clo? extra4             
#a #jj    ,,autobiography--,,praet]ita4 
,,outl9es ,,( ,,sc5es ,,& ,,?\ghts1     
p]haps   wor?y ( memory1 9 ,,my ,,pa/   
,,life4 ,by ,john ,rusk91 ,,ll4,d4      

,vol4 ,i4 7,*apt]s #a to #ab47 #hvo1    
clo? extra4       #c #jj     ,vol4 ,,ii4
 7,*apt]s #a to #aj47 #hvo1 pap]1 ea*4  
#be     ,vol4 ,i4 7,*apt]s #a to #ab47  
#abmo1 clo?4            #a #ej          
,,bibliography ,,( ,,rusk94 ,a          
,,bibliographical   ,,li/1 arrang$ 9    
*ronological ord] ( !   publi%$ writ+s 9
 ,prose & ,v]se ( ,john   ,rusk91 f     
#ahcd to ! pres5t "t   7,octob]1 #ahgh47
 #abmo1 russet clo?4                    
#ej    ,,bir?day ,,book4 ,a ,selection (
 ,?\ghts1   ,mottoes & ,aphorisms = ,e  
,day to ! ,te>1   f ! works ( ,,john    
,,rusk91 ,,ll4,d4 ,collect$   & arrang$ 
by ,m4,a4,b4 & ,g4,a4 ,) a new   & f9e  
portrait ( ,mr4 ,rusk94 ,squ>e #abmo1   
clo?1 extra bevel$ bo>ds1 gilt edges4   
#a #ej    ,,cr[n ,,( ,,wild ,,olive1    
,,!4 ,?ree ,lectures   on ,"w1 ,traffic1
 & ,w>4 #abmo1 russet clo?4          #ej
    ,,deucalion4 ,collect$ ,/udies on ! 
,lapse   ( ,waves & ,life ( ,/ones4     
,vol4 ,i4 7,p>ts #a to   #f47 ,plates4  
#abmo1 russet clo?4                     

#a #be      ,,ditto4 ,vol4 ,,ii4 7,p>ts 
#g & #h7 ,plates4 #abmo1       russet   
clo?4                                   
#ge    ,,eagle',s ,,ne/1 ,,!4 ,t5       
,lectures on !   ,relation ( ,natural   
,sci5ce to ,art1 giv5 be=e   !          
,univ]sity ( ,ox=d4 #abmo1 russet clo?4 
#ej    ,,elem5ts ,,( ,,draw+1 ,,!4 ,9   
,?ree   ,lett]s to ,beg9n]s4 ,)         
illu/rations   drawn by ! au?or1 #abmo1 
russet clo?4                #ej         
,,elem5ts ,,( ,,p]spective1 ,,!4        
,arrang$ = ! use ( ,s*ools1 #abmo1      
russet clo?4    #ej    ,,e?ics ,,( ,,!  
,,du/1 ,,!4 ,t5 ,lectures   to ,little  
,h\sewives on ! ,elem5ts (              
,cry/allization4 #abmo1 russet clo?4    
#ej    ,,=s ,,clavig]a4 ,lett]s to !    
,workm5   & ,labor]s ( ,great           
,brita9--,complete4      ,vols4 #a &    
#b4--b vols4 9 "o4 #abmo1 russet clo?4  
#a #jj     ,vols4 #c & #d4--b vols4 9   
"o1 #abmo1 russet clo?4 #a #jj          
,vols4 #e & #f4--b vols4 9 "o4 #abmo1   
russet clo?4 #a #jj     ,vols4 #g &     

#h4--b vols4 9 "o4 #abmo1 russet clo?4  
#a #jj     ,,ditto4 #h vols4 9 f\r1 #aa 
full-page plates4 #abmo1       russet   
clo?4                                   
#e #jj    ,,frondes ,,agre/es4 ,head+s  
on ,mod]n   ,pa9t]s4 ,*os5 at h]        
pleasure by !   au?or's fri5d1 ! ,y\ng] 
,lady ( ! ,?waite1   ,coni/on4 #abmo1   
russet clo?4                            
#ej    ,,k+ ,,( ,,! ,,gold5 ,,riv]1 ,,!4
   ,or1 ,! ,black ,bro!rs4 ,a ,leg5d (  
,/iria4 ,a   ,fairy ,tale4 ,illu/rat$4  
#abmo1 clo? extra4             #ej      
,,laws ,,( ,,fesole1 ,,!4 ,a ,famili>   
,treatise   on ! ,elem5t>y ,pr9ciples & 
,practice (   ,draw+ & ,pa9t+ z det]m9$ 
by ! ,tuscan   ,ma/]s1 ) num]\s plates4 
,arrang$ = !   use ( ,s*ools4 #abmo1    
russet clo?4                     #ej    
,,ditto1 ,) #ab plates4 #abmo1 russet   
clo?4          #a #jj    ,,lectures ,,on
 ,,ar*itecture ,,& ,,pa9t+4   ,deliv]$  
at ,ed9burgh4 #abmo1 russet clo?4       
#ej      ,,ditto4 ,) #ae plates1        
full-page1 pr9t$       sep>ately4 #abmo1

 russet clo?4                   #a #jj  
,,lectures ,,on ,,art4 ,deliv]$ be=e !  
,univ]sity ( ,ox=d 9 ,hil>y ,t]m4 #abmo1
 russet   clo?4                         
#ej    ,,lett]s ,,& ,,advice ,,to ,,"y  
,,girls ,,& ,,"y   ,,ladies ,,on        
,,dress1 ,,education1 ,,m>riage4 ,,_!   
,,sph]e1   ,,influ5ce1 ,,wom5',s ,,"w1  
,,wom5',s ,,rights1 ,,etc41 ,,etc4      
#abmo1 extra gilt1 clo?4                
#ej    ,,love',s ,,me9e4 ,lectures on   
,greek & ,engli%   ,birds1 giv5 be=e !  
,univ]sity ( ,ox=d4   #abmo1 russet     
clo?4                                   
#ej    ,,miscellanea4 ,conta9+          
,catalogue ( ,turn]'s   ,draw+s z revis$
 & ca/ up into progressive   gr\ps1 etc4
 ,notes on "s ( ! ,pr9cipal ,pictures   
9 ,royal ,academy--,guide to ! ,pr9cipal
 ,pictures   ( ! ,academy (             
,v5ice--,mi*ael ,angelo &               
,t9toret--,inaugural ,address at        
,cambridge--,op5+ (   ,cry/al           
,palace--,fiction1 ,fair & ,f\l--,giotto
 &   ,8 ,works--,pront & ,hunt--,/udies 

( ,m\nta9 &   ,cl\d ,=m--,k+ ( ,gold5   
,riv]--,%eepfolds4 #b vols4   ,russet   
clo?1 ea*                               
#a #jj    ,,mod]n ,,pa9t]s4 #e vols4    
,b\nd 9 #d   vols4 ,complete ) all      
,plates & ,wood ,cuts4      ,vol4       
#a4--,"p #a4 ,g5]al ,pr9ciples4 ,"p #b4 
,tru?4     ,vol4 #b4--,"p #c4 ,( ,ideas 
( ,beauty4     ,vol4 #c4--,"p #d4 ,( ,_m
 ,?+s4     ,vol4 #d4--,"p #e4 ,( ,m\nta9
 ,beauty1     ,vol4 #e4--,"p #f4 ,leaf  
,beauty4 ,"p #g4 ,( ,cl\d       ,beauty4
 ,"p #h4 ,ideas ( ,relation ( ,inv5tion1
       ,=mal4 ,"p #i1 ,ideas ( ,relation
 ( ,inv5tion1       ,spiritual4 #d      
vols41 russet clo?4                #f   
#jj     ,,ditto4 ,) all ! ,plates &     
,woodcuts1 9 box1       #e vols41 #abmo1
 extra clo?4                      #aj   
#jj     ,,ditto4 ,) all ! ,plates &     
,woodcuts1 9 box1       #e vols41 #abmo1
 half calf4                        #ag  
#jj     ,,ditto4 ,) all ! ,woodcuts1 #e 
vols4 b\nd 9       #h vols41 #abmo1     
russet clo?4                      #c #ej

    ,,mod]n ,,pa9t]s4 ,p's edition4 #e  
vols4     9 #b4 ,neat blue clo?4        
#b #jj    ,,mod]n ,,pa9t]s4 ,,extra     
,,vol4 ,be+ ! reissue (     ,volume     
,,ii4 ( ?is "w4 ,revis$ & re>rang$     )
 critical notes by ! au?or4     #abmo1  
russet clo?4                            
#ej     ,,ditto4 #abmo1 extra clo?4     
#ge     ,,ditto4 #abmo1 gre5 clo?4      
#ej    ,,morn+s ,,9 ,,flor5ce4 ,be+     
simple   /udies on ,*ri/ian ,art =      
,engli% ,travel]s4   ,santa ,croce--,!  
,gold5 ,gate--,be=e ! ,soldan--,!       
,vault$ ,ro(--,! ,/rait ,gate4 #abmo1   
russet clo?4      #ej    ,,mun]a        
,,pulv]is4 ,six ,essays on ! ,elem5ts   
( ,political ,economy4 #abmo1 russet    
clo?4               #ej    ,,notes ,,on 
,,! ,,con/ruction ,,( ,,%eepfolds3 or1  
,visible ,*ur*es4 7,see ,miscellanea47  
,,our ,,fa!rs ,,h ,,told ,,u4   ,sket*es
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#a #jj    ,,pe>ls ,,= ,,"y ,,ladies4 ,f 

!   lat] works ( ,john ,rusk94 ,select$ 
& arrang$   by ,l\isa ,c4 ,tu?ill4      
#abmo1 russet clo?4             #a #jj  
,,ditto4 ,extra gilt clo?4              
#a #be    ,,pleasures ,,( ,,engl&4      
,lectures   giv5 at ,ox=d by ,john      
,rusk91 viz43 ,pleasures   ( ,le>n+2    
,pleasures ( ,fai?2 ,pleasures (   ,de$2
 ,pleasures ( ,fancy4 #abmo1 bo>ds4     
#ej    ,,poems1 ,,! ,,old ,,wat] ,,:eel 
,,& ,,o!r ,,poems4   ,by ,john ,rusk91  
,collect$ & edit$ f _!   orig9al ,annual
 publication4 #abmo1 russet clo?4       
#ej     ,,ditto1 ditto1 ) an et*$       
frontispiece4 ,extra       gilt1 clo?4  
#a #be    ,,poetry ,,( ,,ar*itecture1   
,,!4   ,cottage1 ,villa1 etc41 to :i* is
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 num]\s illu/rations4   ,by ,kata       
,phus94 7,nom de ,plume ( ,john ,rusk947
   #abmo1 russet clo?4                  
#ej    ,,political ,,economy ,,( ,,art1 
,,!   ,,or1 ,a ,,joy ,,=ev]4 ,be+ !     
sub/ance   ( two lectures 7) additions7 
deliv]$   at ,man*e/]4 #abmo1 russet    

clo?4                      #ej          
,,preci\s ,,?\ghts3 ,moral & ,religi\s4 
,ga!r$ f ! ,works ( ,john ,rusk91       
,a4,m4 ,by ,mrs4 ,l4,c4 ,tu?ill4 #abmo1 
russet clo?4        #a #jj     ,,ditto1 
ditto4 ,extra gilt1 clo?4               
#a #be    ,,pre-,,raphaelitism4 #abmo1  
russet clo?4                   #ej      
,,praet]ita4 ,see ,rusk9's              
,autobiography4   ,vol4 #a4 #hvo1 clo?4 
#c #jj    ,,pros]p9a4 ,/udies ( ,wayside
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,alps & 9   ! ,scotl& & ,engl& :i* my   
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,p>ts ,i41 ,,ii41 & ,,iii41   ) two     
,supplem5ts4 #abmo1 russet clo?4        

#ej    ,,selections ,,f ,,! ,,writ+s ,,(
 ,,john   ,,rusk94 #abmo1 russet clo?4  
#ge     ,,ditto1 ditto4 #abmo1 extra    
clo?4                    #a #jj         
,,sesame ,,& ,,lilies4 ,?ree ,lectures  
7on   ,books1 ,wom51 etc47 #a4 ,( ,k+s' 
,treasuries4 #b4   ,( ,que5s' ,g>d5s4   
#c4 ,( ! ,my/]y ( ,life4   #abmo1 blue  
clo?4                                   
#ej     ,new ,edition4 #abmo1 ?ick pap]1
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,edition4 #abmo1 ?ick pap]1 ex4 clo?4   
#a #jj    ,,sev5 ,,lamps ,,(            
,,ar*itecture4   ,) copies (            
illu/rations drawn by ! au?or4   #ad    
full-page plates1 #abmo1 ex4 clo?4      
#a #be     ,,ditto1 ditto4 #abmo1 russet
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,,ditto4 ,*eap edition1 )\t plates4     
#abmo1       gre5-clo?4                 
#ej     ,,ditto4 ,p's edition4 ,neat    
blue clo?4             #ej    ,,/ones   
,,( ,,v5ice4 ,vol4 #a4 ,f\ndations4     
,vol4 #b4 ,sea ,/ories4 ,vol4 #h4 ,!    
,fall4 #c vols4 9   two4 #abmo1 russet  

clo?4                              #a   
#ej     ,,ditto1 ditto4 #c vols4 9 two4 
#ed ,plates4            #c #jj       #c 
vols4 9 box4 ,plates1 #abmo1 ex4 clo?4  
#d #ej     ,,ditto4 #c vols4 ,plates1   
#abmo1 #a_/b calf4                #g #ej
     ,,ditto4 ,p's edition4 #c vols4 9  
"o4 ,neat       blue clo?4              
#a #be    ,,/orm ,,cl\d ,,( ,,! #ai,,?  
,,c5tury4    ,by ,john ,rusk94 #abmo1   
bds4                             #ej    
,,! ,,true ,,& ,,! ,,beautiful ,,9      
,,nature4 ,,art1   ,,morals ,,&         
,,religion4 ,select$ f ! ,works   (     
,john ,rusk91 ,a4,m4 ,) a notice ( !    
au?or   by ,mrs4 ,l4,c4 ,tu?ill4 #abmo1 
russet clo?4             #a #jj         
,,ditto1 ditto1 ) ,portrait4 #abmo1     
extra clo?4     #a #be    ,,! ,,two     
,,pa?s4 ,be+ ,lectures on ,art1 &   its 
,application to ,decoration &           
,manufacture4   ,) /eel plates & cuts4  
#abmo1 russet clo?4         #ge         
,,ditto4 ,)\t plates4                   
#ej    ,,"t ,,& ,,tide ,,by ,,we>e ,,&  

,,tyne4   ,tw5ty-five ,lett]s to a      
,work+man ( ,sund]l&   on ! ,laws ( "w4 
#abmo1 russet clo?4                #ej  
,,unto ,,?is ,,la/4 ,f\r ,essays on !   
,fir/   ,pr9ciples ( ,political         
,economy1 #abmo1 russet clo?4    #ej    
,,val ,d',,arno4 ,t5 ,lectures on !     
,tuscan   ,art directly ,antec$5t to    
,flor5t9e ye> (   ,victories4 #ac       
plates4 #abmo1 russet clo?4             
#a #jj     ,,rusk9',s ,,complete        
,,works4       ,) all ! ,wood ,engrav+s1
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,,full ,,page ,,plates 9 ! complete     
edition4     ,pr9t$ on plate pap]4 ,"s (
 !m 9 colors1 z foll[s3    ,,rusk9',s   
,,works4 ,uni=mly b\nd 9 #ac volumes4   
,elegant /yle4 #bbc full-page ,plates1  
color$ &   pla91 on plate pap]4 #abmo1  
extra clo?4           #ah #jj           
,,ditto1 ditto1 ) all ! plates4 #abmo1  
#a_/b calf4   #cf #jj     ,ditto1 ditto1
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clo?4                                   
#ab #jj    ,,rusk9',s ,,works4 7,second 

,s]ies74 ,additional   ,writ+s1 complet+
 8 ,works4 ,uni=m   9 size & b9d+ ) !   
#ab-volume edition4       #f vols41     
#abmo1 clo? extra4                      
#g #ej       #f vols41 ) all ! plates1  
#abmo1 clo? extra4 #aj #ej       #f     
vols41 ) all ! plates1 #abmo1 #a_/b     
calf1      #ba #jj     ,,ditto1 includ+ 
bo? s]ies4 ,wood engrav+s1       #ah    
vols41 extra clo?4                      
#ai #ej     ,,ditto1 includ+ bo? s]ies4 
,plates & ,wood       engrav+s1 #ah     
vols41 extra clo?4               #bh #ej
     ,,ditto1 includ+ bo? s]ies4 ,plates
 & ,wood       engrav+s4 #bj vols41     
extra clo?4               #cj #jj       
,,ditto1 includ+ bo? s]ies4 ,plates &   
,wood       engrav+s4 #ai vols41 #a_/b  
calf4                    #eh #jj        
,,ditto1 includ+ bo? s]ies4 ,plates &   
,wood        engrav+s4 #bj vols41 #a_/b 
calf4                   #fj #jj         
99       99       99       99       99  
,,*oice ,,works ,,( ,,john ,,rusk9      
,an elegant octavo edition1 includ+     

,mod]n ,pa9t]s1   #e vols41 ,/ones (    
,v5ice1 #c vols41 & ,sev5 ,lamps1   #a  
vol4 ,) v f9e copies ( all ! ,plates &  
,wood engrav+s ( ! e>lie/ ,london       
editions4     #i vols41 #hvo1 clo?1     
#de #jj     #i vols41 #a_/b calf1       
#fc #jj     #i vols41 full calf1        
#gb #jj  ,,suitable ,,= ,,pres5ts4      
,rusk9's ,beauties4    ,,! ,,true ,,&   
,,beautiful4        #c vols4   ,,preci\s
 ,,?\ghts4             9 box4           
#c #ej   ,,*oice ,,selections4          
ex4 clo4     ,,ditto1 #c vols4 9 box1   
#a_/b calf1                      #g #ej 
,rusk9's ,popul> ,volumes4    ,,cr[n ,,(
 ,,wild ,,olive4          #d vols4      
,,sesame ,,& ,,lilies4            9 box1
   ,,que5 ,,( ,,! ,,air4                
extra                 #h #ej   ,,e?ics  
,,( ,,! ,,du/4           clo?4  ,rusk9  
on ,art4    ,,lectures ,,on ,,art4      
#d vols4   ,,two ,,pa?s4--,,plates4     
9 box1   ,,eagle',s ,,ne/4              
extra                #c #ej             
,,political ,,economy ,,( ,,art4        

clo?4     ,,ditto1 #b vols4 9 box1 #a_/b
 calf                       #g #jj      
,rusk9 on ,ar*itecture4    ,,poetry ,,( 
,,ar*itecture--,,plates4        #d vols4
   ,,sev5 ,,lamps ,,(                   
,,ar*itecture--,,plates4   9            
,,lectures ,,on ,,ar*itecture ,,&       
,box1          #d #jj                   
,,pa9t+--,,plates4                  ex4 
,,/ones ,,( ,,v5ice 7,selections47      
clo?4     #b vols4 9 box1 #a_/b calf4   
#g #ej  ,rusk9 on ,draw+1 ,etc4         
,,elem5ts ,,( ,,draw+4             #d   
vols4   ,,elem5ts ,,( ,,p]spective4     
9 box1   ,,laws ,,( ,,fesole--,,plates4 
extra               #c #ej   ,,frondes  
,,agre/es4                clo?4     #b  
vols4 9 box1 #a_/b calf4                
#g #jj  ,,! ,,foll[+ ,,beautiful        
,,volumes ,,be+ ,,selections ,,f        
,,rusk9',s ,,works4  ,9 ,neat #abmo4    
,volumes4 ,clo?1 ,gilt ,extra4    ,,art 
,,culture4 ,) ,illu/rations1 clo? extra4
         #b #ej   ,,lett]s ,,& ,,advice 
,,to ,,"y ,,ladies4 ,clo? extra4        

#ej   ,,pe>ls ,,= ,,"y ,,ladies4 ,clo?  
extra4                 #a #be           
,,preci\s ,,?\ghts4 ,clo? extra4        
#a #be   ,,*oice ,,selections4 ,clo?    
extra4                      #a #jj      
,,true ,,& ,,beautiful4 ,clo? extra4    
#a #be   ,,rusk9',s ,,bir?day ,,book4   
,clo? extra4                  #a #ej    
,,rusk9',s ,,autobiography              
7,,praet]ita47     ,vol4 #a4 ,plate1    
#hvo1 clo? extra4                    #c 
#jj  ,,also--,,) ,,illu/rations4        
,,rusk9',s ,,alex&]',s ,,roadside       
,,songs ,,( ,,tuscany4   #cj ,full ,page
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#c #ej   ,,rusk9',s ,,alex&]',s ,,/ory  
,,( ,,ida4   ,) a ,beautiful ,portrait4 
#abmo1 clo? extra4           #ge        
,,ditto1 ,ditto4 ,) ,portrait4 #dto1    
clo? extra4      #a #ej  ,! foll[+      
volumes are valuable z  ,,read+ ,,books1
  & are specially recomm5d$ = use to    
,,high ,,s*ools ,,& ,,ladies'           
,,sem9>ies4    ,,! ,,true ,,&           
,,beautiful4 ,select$   f ,rusk9's      

,works4 #abmo1 russet clo?4             
#a #jj   ,,art ,,culture4 ,select$ f    
,rusk9's   ,works4 #abmo1 russet clo?4  
#a #ej   ,,preci\s ,,?\ghts4 ,select$   
f ,rusk9's ,works4 #abmo1 russet clo?4  
#a #jj   ,,*oice ,,selections4 ,select$ 
f   ,rusk9's ,works4 #abmo1 russet clo?4
                     #ge   ,,sesame ,,& 
,,lilies4 #abmo1 russet clo?4           
#ge   ,,lectures ,,to ,,little          
,,h\sewives4   ,e?ics ( ! ,du/74 #abmo1 
russet clo?4                #ej  999999 
,copies ( ^! volumes w be s5t =         
exam9ation1 ) ref]5ce to introduction1  
,,free1 by mail1 on receipt ( two-?irds 
( ! pr9t$ price4  ,,elegant #h,,vo      
,,edition  ,,(  ,,rusk9',s ,,*oice      
,,works1  7,,b ,,few ,,copies ,,rema9   
,,( ,,?is ,,edition47    ,,mod]n        
,,pa9t]s4  ,by ,john ,rusk94   ,new &   
beautiful edition4 ,conta9+ f9e copies  
( all ! plates1 7#hg7 & wood engrav+s ( 
!   orig9al ,london edition4     ,vol4  
#a4--,"p #a4 ,g5]al ,pr9ciples4 ,"p #b4 
,tru?4     ,vol4 #b4--,"p #c4 ,( ,ideas 

( ,beauty4     ,vol4 #c4--,"p #d4 ,( ,_m
 ,?+s4     ,vol4 #d4--,"p #e4 ,( ,m\nta9
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,beauty4 ,"p #g4 ,( ,cl\d       ,beauty4
 ,"p #h4 ,ideas ( ,relation ( ,inv5tion1
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 ( ,inv5tion1       ,spiritual4         
#e vols41 #hvo1 extra clo?4             
#cj #jj         #f vols41 #hvo1 #a_/b   
calf4                          #dj #jj  
#e vols41 #hvo1 full calf4              
#de #jj    ,,/ones ,,( ,,v5ice4 ,by     
,john ,rusk94   ,new & beautiful        
edition1 ,conta9+ f9e copies   ( all !  
plates1 7#ed7 color$ & pla91 & wood     
engrav+s ( ! orig9al ,london edition4   
,vol4 #a4--,! ,f\ndations4     ,vol4    
#b4--,! ,sea ,/ories4     ,vol4 #c4--,! 
,fall4       #c vols41 #hvo1 extra clo?4
                       #ah #jj       #c 
vols41 #hvo1 #a_/b calf4                
#d #jj       #c vols41 #hvo1 full calf4 
#bg #jj     ,,plates to ditto sep>ately1
 includ+ f9e copies       ( all ! plates
 9 ,london edition4 7#ed7 color$       &

 pla94 #hvo1 extra clo?4                
#f #jj    ,,sev5 ,,lamps ,,(            
,,ar*itecture4   ,by ,john ,rusk94 ,new 
& beautiful edition1 conta9+   f9e      
copies ( all ! plates 7#ad7 ( ! orig9al 
,london edition4 ,lamp ( ,sacrifice4    
,lamp ( ,tru?4   ,lamp ( ,p[]4 ,lamp (  
,beauty4 ,lamp ( ,life4 ,lamp   (       
,memory4 ,lamp ( ,ob$i5ce1      extra   
clo?4                                   
#f #jj      #a_/b calf4                 
#h #jj      full calf4                  
#i #jj    ,,miss ,,alex&]',s ,,works4   
,,roadside ,,songs ,,( ,,tuscany4 ,by   
,miss ,francesca ,alex&]1 ) #bj full    
page plates1   f draw+s ( ! au?or4      
,edit$ by ,john ,rusk94   #hvo1 clo?    
extra4                                  
#c #ej     ,,ditto1 ,,ditto4 #bj        
,plates1 #a_/b morocco4                 
#f #ej    ,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,ida4         
,,epitaph ,,on ,,an ,,etrurian ,,tomb4  
,by ,francesca ,alex&]1 ) ,preface by   
,john ,rusk94   ,illu/rat$1 ) a         
,beautiful ,portrait4     #abmo1 laid   

pap]1 clo? extra4                       
#j #ge     #dto1 heavy pap]1 clo? extra4
                      #a #ej