,transcriber's ,notes ,where reference is made to page numbers1 there is an annotation showing a footnote number and the relative information is appended at the end of each lesson or section4 ,pronunciation marks have been ignored4 ,however1 accented syllables precede the single apostrophe1 which also serves as a break4 ,otherwise breaks are shown by spaces4 ,barnes' ,new ,national ,readers ,,new ,,national ,,fourth ,,reader by ,,charles ,j4 ,,barnes and ,j4 ,,marshall ,,hawkes #ahhd ,illustration3 ,destruction of ,pompeii by ,vesuvius4 ,,preface ,it is thought that the following special features of this book will commend themselves to ,teachers and ,school ,officers4 ,the reading matter of the book is more of a descriptive than conversational style1 as it is presumed that the pupil1 after having finished the previous books of the series1 will have formed the habit of easy intonation and distinct articulation4 ,the interesting character of the selections1 so unlike the reading books of former times4 ,the large amount of information which has been combined with incidents of an interesting nature1 to insure the pupil's earnest and thoughtful attention4 ,the length of the selections for reading1--the attention of pupils being held more readily by long selections than by short ones1 though of equal interest4 ,the gradation of the lessons1 which has been systematically maintained by keeping a careful record of all new words as fast as they appeared1 and using only such pieces as contained a limited number4 ,the simplicity of the lessons1 which becomes absolutely necessary in the schools of to-day1 owing to the short school life of the pupil1 his immature age1 and inability to comprehend pieces of a metaphysical or highly poetical nature4 ,the ease with which pupils may pass from the ,third ,reader of this series to this book1 thereby avoiding the necessity of supplementary reading before commencing the ,fourth ,reader1 or of using a book of another series much lower in grade4 ,language ,lessons1 of a nature to secure intelligent observation1 and lead the pupil to habits of thought and reflection4 ,nothing being done for the learner that he could do for himself4 ,directions for ,reading1 which accompany the lessons--specific in their treatment and not of that general character which young teachers and pupils are unable to apply4 ,all new words of special difficulty1 at the heads of the lessons1 having their syllabication1 accent1 and pronunciation indicated according to ,webster4 ,other new words are placed in a vocabulary at the close of the book4 ,the type of this book1 like that of the previous books of the series1 is much larger than that generally used1 for a single reason4 ,parents1 every-where1 are complaining that the eye-sight of their children is being ruined by reading from small1 condensed type4 ,it is confidently expected that this large1 clear style will obviate such unfortunate results4 ,the illustrations have been prepared regardless of expense1 and will commend themselves to every person of taste and refinement4 ,,contents ,,lessons ,,in ,,prose4 #a4--;,i',m ,,going ,,to 7,part ,i7 ,charlotte ,daly4 #b4--;,i',m ,,going ,,to 7,part ,,ii7 ,charlotte ,daly4 #c4--,,the ,,bean ,,and ,,the ,,stone #e4--;,,an ,,adventure ,,with ,,dusky ,,wolves 7,i7 ,mayne ,reid4 #f4--;,,an ,,adventure ,,with ,,dusky ,,wolves 7,,ii7 ,mayne ,reid4 #g4--,,the ,,sailor ,,cat ,david ,ker4 #i4--,,the ,,lion #aj4--;,,adventure ,,with ,a ,,lion ,livingstone4 #aa4--,,the ,,noblest ,,deed ,,of ,,all #ac4--,,the ,,story ,,of ,,indian ,,spring 7,i7 ,aunt ,mary4 #ad4--,,the ,,story ,,of ,,indian ,,spring 7,,ii7 #ae4--;,,an ,,adventure ,,with ,a ,,shark #ag4--;,a ,,funny ,,horseshoe ,christian ,union4 #ah4--,,the ,,giraffe #ai4--,,the ,,trader',s ,,trick #ba4--;,,ali1 ,,the ,,camel ,,driver 7,i7 #bb4--;,,ali1 ,,the ,,camel ,,driver 7,,ii7 #bc4--;,a ,,queer ,,people #be4--,,water #bf4--,,the ,,hidden ,,treasure 7,i7 #bg4--,,the ,,hidden ,,treasure 7,,ii7 #bh4--,,the ,,hidden ,,treasure 7,,iii7 #cj4--;,,air ,j4 ,berners 7,adapted74 #ca4--;,a ,,timely ,,rescue #cc4--,,true ,,courtesy 7,i7 #cd4--,,true ,,courtesy 7,,ii7 #ce4--,,why ,,an ,,apple ,,falls #cg4--,,the ,,jaguar #ch4--;,,holland 7,i7 ,mary ,mapes ,dodge4 #ci4--;,,holland 7,,ii7 ,mary ,mapes ,dodge4 #da4--,,something ,,about ,,plants #db4--;,,forest ,,on ,,fire 7,i7 ,audubon4 #dc4--;,,forest ,,on ,,fire 7,,ii7 ,audubon4 #de4--;,a ,,ghost ,,story 7,i7 ,louisa ,m4 ,alcott4 #df4--;,a ,,ghost ,,story 7,,ii7 ,louisa ,m4 ,alcott4 #dg4--;,a ,,ghost ,,story 7,,iii7 ,louisa ,m4 ,alcott4 #di4--,,the ,,rhinoceros #ej4--,,presence ,,of ,,mind #ea4--;,,halbert ,,and ,,his ,,dog #ec4--,,the ,,caterpillar ,,and ,,butterfly #ed4--,,wild ,,horses ,,of ,,south ,,america #ee4--;,,an ,,emperor',s ,,kindness #eg4--,,story ,,of ,,the ,,sioux ,,war 7,i7 #eh4--,,story ,,of ,,the ,,sioux ,,war 7,,ii7 #ei4--,,volcanoes #fa4--;,,anecdote ,,of ,,washington 7,i7 #fb4--;,,anecdote ,,of ,,washington 7,,ii7 #fc4--,,the ,,ostrich #fe4--;,,an ,,incident ,,of ,,the ,,revolution #ff4--,,tropical ,,fruits #fg4--,,story ,,of ,,detroit #fi4--,,making ,,maple ,,sugar 7,i7 ,charles ,dudley ,warner4 #gj4--,,making ,,maple ,,sugar 7,,ii7 ,charles ,dudley ,warner4 #gb4--,,natural ,,wonders ,,of ,,america 7,i7 #gc4--,,natural ,,wonders ,,of ,,america 7,,ii7 #gd4--;,,african ,,ants ,du ,chaillu4 #gf4--;,,egypt ,,and ,,its ,,ruins 7,i7 #gg4--;,,egypt ,,and ,,its ,,ruins 7,,ii7 ,,lessons ,,in ,,verse4 #d4--,,to-,,morrow ,mrs4 ,m4,r4 ,johnson4 #h4--,,rescued ,celia ,thaxter4 #ab4--,,marjorie',s ,,almanac ,t4,b4 ,aldrich4 #af4--;,a ,,legend ,,of ,,the ,,northland ,phoebe ,cary4 #bj4--;,a ,,happy ,,pair ,florence ,percy4 #bd4--;,,ill-,,natured ,,brier ,mrs4 ,anna ,bache4 #bi4--,,looking ,,for ,,the ,,fairies ,julia ,bacon4 #cb4--;,,birds ,,in ,,summer ,mary ,howitt4 #cf4--,,the ,,miller ,,of ,,the ,,dee ,charles ,mackay4 #dj4--,,the ,,wind ,,in ,a ,,frolic ,william ,howitt4 #dd4--;,,common ,,gifts #dh4--,,what ,,the ,,chimney ,,sang ,bret ,harte4 #eb4--,,the ,,light-,,house #ef4--,,united ,,at ,,last #fj4--,,the ,,brook ,alfred ,tennyson4 #fd4--,,to-,,day ,,and ,,to-,,morrow ,charles ,mackay4 #fh4--,,the ,,fisherman ,john ,g4 ,whittier4 #ga4--,,old ,,ironsides ,oliver ,wendell ,holmes4 #ge4--,,the ,,leap ,,of ,,roushan ,,beg ,henry ,w4 ,longfellow4 ,,definitions ,,geographical ,,and ,,proper ,,names ,,acknowledgments4 ,the publishers desire to thank ,messrs4 ,houghton1 ,mifflin ,co41 the ,century ,co41 ,roberts ,brothers1 and ,charles ,scribner's ,sons1 for permission to use and adapt some of their valuable copyright matter4 ,,suggestions ,to ,teachers ,the following suggestions are submitted for the benefit of young teachers4 ,in order that pupils may learn how to define words at the heads of the lessons1 let the teacher read the sentences containing such words and have pupils copy them upon slate or paper4 ,then indicate what words are to be defined1 and insist upon the proper syllabication1 accent1 marking of letters1 etc4 ,in this way the pupil learns the meaning of the word as it is used1 and not an abstract definition that may be meaningless4 ,have pupils study their reading lessons carefully before coming to recitation4 ,the position of pupils while reading should be erect1 easy1 and graceful4 ,give special attention to the subject of articulation1 and insist upon a clear and distinct enunciation4 ,in order to develop a clear tone of voice1 let pupils practice1 in concert1 upon some of the open vowel sounds1 using such words as arm1 all1 old4 ,in this exercise1 the force of utterance should be gentle at first1 and the words repeated a number of times2 then the force should be increased by degrees1 until calling tones are used4 ,encourage a natural use of the voice1 with such modulations as may be proper for a correct rendering of the thoughts which are read4 ,it should1 be remembered that the development of a good tone of voice is the result of careful and constant practice4 ,concert reading is recommended as a useful exercise1 inasmuch as any feeling of restraint or timidity disappears while reading with others4 ,question individual pupils upon the manner in which lessons should be read4 ,in this way they will learn to think for themselves4 ,do not interrupt a pupil while reading until a thought or sentence is completed1 since such a course tends to make reading mechanical and deprive it of expression4 ,errors in time1 force of utterance1 emphasis1 and inflection should be carefully corrected1 and then the passage read over again4 ,the ,directions for ,reading throughout the book are intended to be suggestive rather than exhaustive1 and can be added to as occasion requires4 ,the ,language ,lessons in this book1 should not be neglected4 ,they contain only such matter as is necessary to meet the requirements of pupils4 ,words and expressions not readily understood1 must be made intelligible to pupils4 ,this has been done in part by definitions1 and in part by interpreting some of the difficult phrases4 ,after the habit of acquiring the usual meaning has been formed1 the original meaning of those words which are made up of stems modified by prefixes or affixes should be shown4 ,the real meaning of such words can be understood far better by a study of their formation1 than by abstract definitions4 ,it will be found1 also1 that pupils readily become interested in this kind of work4 ,as the capabilities of classes of the same grade will differ1 it may sometimes occur that a greater amount of language work can be done effectively than is laid down in this book4 ,when this happens1 more time can be devoted to such special kinds of work as the needs of the classes suggest4 ,constant drill upon the analysis of lessons1 varied at times by the analysis of short stories taken from other sources and read to the class1 will develop the reasoning faculties of pupils and render the writing of original compositions a comparatively easy exercise4 ,encourage the habit of self-reliance on the part of pupils4 ,original investigation1 even if followed at first by somewhat crude results1 is in the end more satisfactory than any other course4 ,the ,definitions 7pages #cgc-chb7 and the ,list of ,proper ,names 7pages #chc and #chd7 may be used in the preparation of the lessons4#ja ,when exercises are written1 particular care should be required in regard to penmanship1 correct spelling1 punctuation1 and neatness4 #ja ,the ,definitions are found at the end of the text1 however the ,list of ,proper ,names has not been included in this production4 ,,phonic ,,chart4 ,,vowels4 a as in lake a at a far a all a care a ask a as in what e be e let i ice i in o so o as in box u use u up u fur oo too oo look ,,diphthongs4 oi1 oy 7unmarked71 as in oil1 boy ou1 ow out1 now ,,consonants b as in bad d do f fox g go h he j just k kite l let m as in me n no p put r rat s so t too v very w we y as in yes z froze ng sing ch chick sh she th think th the wh7hw71 what ,,equivalents4 ,,vowels4 a like o as in what e a where e a they e u her i u girl i e police o1 u like oo as in to1 rule o u come o a for u1 o oo put1 could y i by y i kit'ty ,,consonants4 c like s as in race c k cat g j cage n like ng as in think s z has x ks1 or gz box1 exist ,,fourth ,,reader ,,lesson ,i spokes'man1 one who speaks for others4 cho'rus1 a number of speakers or singers4 apt1 likely2 ready4 folks1 people2 family4 mis'er a ble1 very unhappy2 very poor4 lone'some1 without friends2 lonely4 score1 twenty4 wretch'ed1 unhappy2 very sad4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i',m ,,going ,,to4 ,,part ,i4 ,once upon a time1 there was a little boy1 whose name was ,johnny4 ,johnny1 said his mamma1 one day1 will you bring me an armful of wood8 ,yes1 said ,johnny1 ,i'm going to2 but just then he heard ,carlo1 the dog1 barking at a chipmunk over in the meadow1 so he ran off as fast as he could go4 ,now this was not the first time that ,johnny had said to his mamma1 ,yes1 ,i'm going to4 ,he never thought of that wood again until about dinner-time1 when he began to feel hungry4 ,when he got back1 he found that dinner was over1 and papa and mamma had gone to ride4 ,he found a piece of bread and butter1 and sat down on a ,large rock1 with his back against the stump of a tree1 to eat it4 ,when it was all gone1 ,johnny began to think what he should do next4 ,he closed his eyes as people are apt to do when they think4 ,presently he heard a score of voices about him4 ,one was saying1 ,wait a bit2 another1 ,pretty soon2 another1 ,in a minute2 another1 ,by and by2 and still another1 louder than the rest1 kept screaming as loud as it could1 ,going to1 going to1 going to1 till ,johnny thought they were crazy4 ,who in the world are you8 said he1 in great surprise1 and what are you making such a noise about8 ,we are telling our names1 said they2 didn't you ask us to tell our names8 ,no1 said ,johnny1 ,i didn't4 ,o what a story6 cried they all in a breath4 ,illustration ,let's shake him for it1 said one4 ,no1 let us carry him to the king1 said another4 ,so they began to spin about him like so many spiders2 for each one of them carried a long web1 and when that gets wound around a boy or a girl1 it is a very difficult thing to get rid of4 ,in a few minutes they had him all wound up--hands and feet1 nose and eyes1 all tied up tight4 ,then they took him among them1 and flew away with him1 miles and miles1 over the hills1 and up to a big cave in the mountain4 ,there he heard ever so many more voices1 and it was noisier than ever4 ,where am ,i8 he said1 as soon as he could speak4 ,o you're safe at home1 answered ,wait-a-bit1 for he seemed to be the spokesman2 and they have been expecting you for some time4 ,this isn't my home1 said ,johnny1 feeling very miserable and beginning to cry4 ,o yes1 it is1 said a chorus of voices4 ,this is just where such folks as you belong4 ,there are many of your fellows here1 and you won't be lonesome a bit4 ,they had begun to unwind the web from his eyes now1 so he opened them and looked about him4 ,o what a wretched place it was6 ,against the sides of the cave1 stood long rows of boys and girls1 with very sorry faces1 all of them saying over as fast as they could speak1 ,going to1 going to6 ,wait a bit1 wait a bit6 ,pretty soon1 pretty soon6 ,in a minute1 in a minute6 studying the names just as hard as if they were lessons4 ,there were ,delays1 and ,tardys1 and ,put-offs1 with ever so many more2 and in a corner by themselves1 and looking more unhappy than all the rest1 were the poor little fellows whose names were ,too late4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,pupils should read loud enough for all the class to hear them4 ,the words forming a quotation should usually be spoken in a louder tone than the other words in the lesson1 as-- ,johnny1 said his mamma1 one day1 will you bring me an armful of wood8 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,divide into syllables1 accent1 and mark the sounds of the letters in the following words3 ,carlo1 armful1 mountain1 unwind4 ,what two words can be used for each of the following3 ,i'm1 didn't1 let's1 you're1 isn't1 won't8 ,what other words could be used instead of got 7page #af1 line #d78jb ,proper names should begin with capital letters3 as1 ,johnny1 ,carlo4 ,give three other words used as proper names in this lesson4 #jb paragraph #d of this lesson 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,ii4 de spair'1 loss of hope4 pro cras' ti na tor1 one who puts off doing any thing4 res o lu'tions1 promises made to one's self2 resolves4 yon'der1 there2 in that place4 mon'strous1 of great size4 gi'ant1 an unreal person1 supposed to be of great size4 hor'rid1 causing great fear or alarm4 ex pect'ed1 thought2 looked for4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i',m ,,going ,,to4 ,,part ,,ii4 ,o dear1 dear6 ,where am ,i8 said ,johnny in despair4 ,please let me out6 ,i want my mamma6 ,no1 you don't1 said ,wait-a-bit4 ,you don't care much about her1 and this is really where you belong4 ,this is the kingdom of ,procrastination1 and yonder comes the king4 ,the kingdom of what8 said ,johnny1 who had never heard such a long word in his life before4 ,but just then he heard a heavy foot-fall1 and a great voice that sounded like a roar1 saying1 ,has he come8 ,did you get him8 ,yes1 here he is1 said ,wait-a-bit1 and he'd just been saying it a little while before we picked him up4 ,johnny looked up and saw a monstrous giant1 with a bright green body and red legs1 and a yellow head and two horrid coal-black eyes4 ,let me have him1 said the giant4 ,so he took him up just as if he had been a rag-baby1 and looked him all over1 turning him from side to side1 and from head to feet4 ,o but ,johnny was frightened1 and expected every moment to be swallowed6 ,let's see1 said the giant2 he always says ',pretty soon4' ,no1 that isn't it4 ,what is it1 my fine fellow1 that you always say to your mamma when she asks you to do any thing for her8 ,it isn't ',pretty soon1' nor ',in a minute4' ,what is it8 ,they all mean about the same thing1 to be sure1 and bring every body to me in the end2 but ,i must know exactly1 or ,i can't put you in the right place4 ,johnny hung his head1 and did not want to tell2 but an extra hard poke of the giant's big finger made him open his mouth and say with shame1 that he always said1 ,i'm going to4 ,o that's it6 said the giant4 ,well1 then1 you stand there4 ,so he unwound a bit of the web from his fingers--just enough so that he could hold the ,procrastinator's ,primer--and stood him at the end of a long row of children1 who were saying over and over again1 just as fast as they could speak1 ,going to1 going to1 going to1 going to1 just that1 and nothing else in the world4 ,johnny was tired and hungry by this time1 and longed to see his mamma1 thinking that1 if he could only get back3 to her1 he would always mind the very moment she told him to do any thing4 ,he made a great many good resolutions while he stood there4 ,at last the giant called him to come and say his lesson4 ,you shall have a short one to-day1 said he1 and need say it only a thousand times1 because it is your first day here4 ,to-morrow1 you must say it a million4 ,johnny tried to step forward1 but the web was still about his feet1 so he fell with1 a bang to the floor4 ,just then he opened his eyes to find that he had rolled from the rock to the grass1 and that mamma was calling him in a loud voice to come to supper1 and this time he didn't say1 ,i'm going to4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,the words in quotation marks should be read in the same manner as in ,lesson ,i4 ,read words in dark type in the following sentences with more force than the other words3 ,has he come8 ,did you get him8 ,words that are read more forcibly than other words in a sentence are called emphatic words4 ,which are the emphatic words in the following sentences8 ,you shall have a short one to-day4 ,i must know exactly4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,divide into syllables1 accent1 and mark the sounds of the letters in the following words3 extra1 primer1 moment1 coal-black4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,iii4 remark'able1 worthy of notice2 unusual4 moist'ure1 wetness2 that which makes wet4 absorbed'1 sucked up2 drunk up4 with'er1 lose freshness4 starched1 stiffened1 as starch4 germ1 that from which the plant grows2 bud4 hand'some1 pleasing in appearance2 very pretty4 clasped1 surrounded2 inclosed4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,bean ,,and ,,the ,,stone4 ,i think ,i ought to be doing something in the world6 said a little voice out in the garden4 ,pray1 what can you do8 asked another and somewhat stronger voice4 ,i think ,i can grow1 answered the little voice4 ,if you had seen the owner of the little voice1 perhaps you would not have thought him any thing remarkable4 ,it is true he had on a clean white coat1 so smooth and shining that it looked as if it had been newly starched and ironed1 and inside of this1 he hugged two stout packages4 ,the coat had only one fastening2 but that fastening extended down the back1 and was a curious thing to see4 ,it looked just as if the coat had been cut with a knife1 and had afterward grown together again4 ,it was like a scar on your hand2 and a scar it is called4 ,yes1 ,i ought to be growing1 said the little voice1 for ,i am a bean1 and in the spring a bean ought to grow4 ,now you know how the coat came by its scar1 for the scar was the spot which showed where the bean had been broken from the pod4 ,what do you mean by growing8 said the other voice1 which came from a large red stone4 ,why1 said the bean1 don't you know what growing means8 ,i thought every thing knew how to grow4 ,you see1 when ,i grow1 my root goes down into the soil to get moisture1 and my stem goes up into the light to find heat4 ,heat and moisture are my food and drink4 ,by and by1 ,i shall be a full-grown plant1 and that is wonderful6 ,in the ground1 my roots will travel far and wide4 ,in the air1 how happy my stem will be6 ,i shall learn a great deal1 and see beautiful things every day4 ,o how ,i long for that time to come6 ,what you say is very strange1 said the red stone4 ,here ,i have been in this same place for many years1 and ,i have not grown at all4 ,i have no root2 ,i have no stem2 or1 if ,i have1 they never move upward nor downward1 as you say4 ,are you sure you are not mistaken8 ,why1 of course ,i'm not mistaken1 cried the bean4 ,i feel within myself that ,i can grow2 and ,i have absorbed so much moisture that ,i must soon begin4 ,just then the bean's coat split from end to end1 and for one or two minutes neither the stone nor the bean spoke4 ,the stone was astonished1 and the bean was a little frightened4 ,however1 he soon recovered his courage4 ,there6 said he1 showing the two packages he had been carrying2 these are my seed-leaves4 ,in them is the food on which ,i intend to live when ,i begin growing4 ,when my stem is strong enough to do without them1 they will wither away4 ,my coat is all worn-out1 too4 ,i shall not need it any longer4 ,look inside the seed-leaves1 and you will see the germ4 ,part of it is root1 and part of it is stem4 ,do you see8 ,i see two little white lumps1 replied the stone2 but ,i can not understand how they will ever be a root and a stem4 ,i do believe you are a poor1 dull mineral1 after all1 said the bean2 and if so1 of course you can not understand what pleasure a vegetable has in growing4 ,i wouldn't be a mineral for the world6 ,i would not lie still and do nothing1 year after year4 ,i would rather spread my branches in the sunshine1 and drink in the sweet spring air through my leaves4 ,what you say must be all nonsense1 said the stone4 ,i can't understand it4 ,but the bean grew on without minding him4 ,the roots pushed down into the soil and drank up the moisture from the ground4 ,then this moisture went into the stem1 and the stem climbed bravely up into the light4 ,how happy ,i am6 cried the bean4 ,it ran over the red stone1 and clasped it with long green branches1 covered with white bean flowers4 ,o indeed6 said the stone4 ,is this what you call growing8 ,i thought you were only in fun4 ,how handsome you are6 ,may ,i hang my pods on you1 so that they can ripen in the sun8 said the bean4 ,certainly1 friend1 said the stone4 ,he was very polite1 now that he saw the bean was a full-grown vine4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,read in a conversational tone of voice1 as in ,lessons ,i and ,,ii4 ,what word is emphatic in the third paragraph8 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,syllabify1 accent1 and mark sounds of letters in the words1 broken1 packages1 courage1 polite4 ,tell in your own words how the bean grew4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,iv4 elf1 a very small person2 an unreal being4 vex1 make angry2 trouble4 pon'dered1 thought about with care4 streak1 line2 long mark4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,to-,,morrow4 ,a bright little boy with laughing face1 ,whose every motion was full of grace1 ,who knew no trouble and feared no care1 ,was the light of our household--the youngest there4 ,he was too young--this little elf-- ,with troublesome questions to vex himself2 ,but for many days a thought would rise1 ,and bring a shade to the dancing eyes4 ,he went to one whom he thought more wise ,than any other beneath the skies3 ,mother1--,o word that makes the home6-- ,tell me1 when will to-morrow come8 ,it is almost night1 the mother said1 ,and time for my boy to be in bed2 ,when you wake up and it's day again1 ,it will be to-morrow1 my darling1 then4 ,the little boy slept through all the night1 ,but woke with the first red streak of light2 ,he pressed a kiss on his mother's brow1 ,and whispered1 ,is it to-morrow now8 ,no1 little ,eddie1 this is to-day2 ,to-morrow is always one night away4 ,he pondered awhile1 but joys came fast1 ,and this vexing question quickly passed4 ,but it came again with the shades of night3 ,will it be to-morrow when it is light8 ,from years to come1 he seemed care to borrow1 ,he tried so hard to catch to-morrow4 ,you can not catch it1 my little ,ted2 ,enjoy to-day1 the mother said2 ,some wait for to-morrow through many a year-- ,it always is coming1 but never is here4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,in reading poetry1 pupils should notice the emphatic words1 and give them proper force4 ,example4 ,mother1--,o word that makes the home6-- ,tell me1 when will to-morrow come8 ,the two dashes in the first line of the preceding example are used instead of a parenthesis1 and have the same value4 ,when there is no pause at the end of a line 7see first line1 third stanza71 it should be closely joined in reading to the line which follows it1 thus making the two lines read as one4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,v4 ap'pe tite1 wish for food4 a muse'ment1 play2 enjoyment4 gaunt1 lean2 hungry looking4 spe'cies1 kind4 oc curred'1 took place2 happened4 en cour'age ment1 hope given by another's words or actions4 di rec'tion1 way2 course4 dusk'y1 very dark2 almost black4 sin'gu lar1 unusual2 strange4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,an ,,adventure ,,with ,,dusky ,,wolves4 ,,part ,i4 ,during the summer and winter1 we had several adventures in the trapping and killing of wild animals4 ,one of them was of such a singular and dangerous kind1 that you may feel interested in hearing it4 ,it occurred in the dead of winter1 when there was snow upon the ground4 ,the lake was frozen over1 and the ice was as smooth as glass4 ,we spent much of our time in skating about over its surface1 as the exercise gave us health and a good appetite4 ,even ,cudjo1 our colored servant1 had taken a fancy for this amusement1 and was a very good skater4 ,frank was fonder of it than the rest of us1 and was1 in fact1 the best skater among us4 ,one day1 however1 neither ,cudjo nor ,i had gone out1 but only ,frank and ,harry4 ,the rest of us were busy at some carpenter work within doors4 ,we could hear the merry laugh of the boys1 and the ring of their skates as they glided over the smooth ice4 ,all at once1 a cry reached our ears1 which we knew meant the presence of some danger4 ',o ,robert6' cried my wife1 'they have broken through the ice6' ,we all dropped what we held in our hands1 and rushed to the door4 ,i seized a rope as ,i ran1 while ,cudjo took his long spear1 thinking it might be of use to us4 ,this was the work of a moment1 and the next we were outside the house4 ,what was our astonishment to see both the boys1 away at the farthest end of the lake1 but skating toward us as fast as they could6 ,at the same time1 our eyes rested upon a terrible sight4 ,close behind them upon the ice1 and following at full gallop1 was a pack of wolves6 ,they were not the small prairie wolves1 which either of the boys might have chased with a stick1 but of a species known as the ',great ,dusky ,wolf' of the ,rocky ,mountains4 ,there were six of them in all4 ,each of them was twice the size of the prairie wolf1 and their long1 dark bodies1 gaunt with hunger1 and crested from head to tail with a high1 bristling mane1 gave them a most fearful appearance4 ,they ran with their ears set back and their jaws apart1 so that we could see their red tongues and white teeth4 ,we did not stop a moment1 but rushed toward the lake4 ,i threw down the rope1 and seized hold of a large rail as ,i ran1 while ,cudjo hurried forward armed with a spear4 ,my wife1 with presence of mind1 turned back into the house for my rifle4 ,i saw that ,harry was foremost1 and that the fierce wolves were fast closing upon ,frank4 ,this was strange1 for we knew that ,frank was by far the better skater4 ,we all called out to him1 uttering loud shouts of encouragement4 ,both were bearing themselves manfully1 but ,frank was most in danger4 ,the wolves were upon his heels6 ',o they will kill him6' ,i cried1 expecting the next moment to see him thrown down upon the ice4 ,what was my joy at seeing him suddenly wheel and dart off in a new direction4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,this lesson should be read with spirit1 and in a full1 clear tone of voice4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,presence of mind is the power to act quickly when sudden danger threatens4 ,upon his heels means very close to4 ,dead of winter is the middle of winter1 as that is supposed to be the quietest or most lifeless time4 ,syllabify1 accent1 and mark sounds of letters in the following words3 fancy1 gallop1 prairie1 bristling1 rifle4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,vi4 e lud'ed1 got away from2 avoided4 ex cit'ing1 causing deep interest4 marks'man1 one who shoots well4 re treat'ing1 going away from4 en a'bled1 helped2 made able4 sim'i lar1 like2 nearly the same4 pur suit'1 following after4 nim'bly1 with a quick motion4 com menced'1 began4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,an ,,adventure ,,with ,,dusky ,,wolves4 ,,part ,,ii4 ,the wolves1 thus nimbly eluded1 now kept on after ,harry1 who1 in turn1 became the object of our anxiety4 ,in a moment they were close upon him2 but he1 already warned by his brother1 wheeled in a similar manner1 while the fierce brutes1 swept along by the force of their running1 were carried a long distance upon the ice before they could turn themselves4 ,their long1 bushy tails1 however1 soon enabled them to turn about and follow in the new direction1 and they galloped after ,harry1 who was now the nearest to them4 ,frank1 in the meantime1 had again turned1 and came sweeping past behind them1 at the same time shouting loudly1 as if to tempt them away from their pursuit of ,harry4 ,they heeded him not1 and again he changed his direction1 and1 as though he was about to skate into their midst1 followed the wolves4 ,this time he skated up close behind them1 just at the moment when ,harry had turned again1 and thus made his second escape4 ,at this moment1 we heard ,frank calling out to his brother to make for the shore1 while1 instead of retreating himself1 he stopped until ,harry had passed1 and then dashed off1 followed closely by the whole pack4 ,another slight turn brought him nearly in our direction2 but there was a large hole broken through the ice close by the shore1 and we saw that1 unless he turned again1 he would skate into it4 ,we thought he was watching the wolves too intently to see it1 and we shouted to warn him4 ,not so2 he knew better than we what he was about4 ,when he had reached within a few feet of the hole1 he wheeled sharply to the left1 and came dashing up to the point where we stood to receive him4 ,the wolves1 too intent upon their chase to see any thing else1 went sweeping past the point where he had turned1 and the next moment plunged through the broken ice into the water4 ,then ,cudjo and ,i ran forward1 shouting loudly1 and1 with the heavy rail and the long spear1 commenced dealing death among them4 ,it was but a short1 though exciting scene4 ,five of them were speared and drowned1 while the sixth crawled out upon the ice and was rapidly making off1 frightened enough at his cold ducking4 ,illustration ,at that moment ,i heard the crack of a rifle and saw the wolf tumble over4 ,on turning round ,i saw ,harry with1 my rifle1 which my wife had brought down and handed to him1 as a better marksman than herself4 ,the wolf1 only wounded1 was kicking furiously about on the ice2 but ,cudjo now ran out1 and1 after a short struggle1 finished the business with his spear4 ,this was1 indeed1 a day of great excitement in our forest home4 ,frank1 who was the hero of the day1 although he said nothing1 was no doubt not a little proud of his skating feat4 ,and well he might be1 as1 but for his skill1 poor ,harry would no doubt have fallen a prey to the fierce wolves4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils use other words to express the meaning of what is given below in dark type4 ,again he changed his direction4 ,he then dashed off4 ,he wheeled sharply to the left4 ,cudjo and ,i commenced dealing death among them4 ,cudjo finished the business with his spear4 ,harry would have fallen a prey to the fierce wolves4 ,tell the story in your own words1 using the points in the following ,analysis4--#a4 ,frank and ,harry go to skate4 #b4 ,the alarm4 #c4 ,the wolves4 #d4 ,the pursuit4 #e4 ,the escape4 #f4 ,death of the wolves4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,vii4 craft1 ship2 a boat of any kind4 mew'ing1 crying1 like a cat4 a dopt'ed1 received as one's own4 ad mir'er1 one who likes another4 voy'age1 journey by water4 dain'ty1 nice in form or taste4 a loft'1 on high2 in the air4 wind'ward1 the point from which the wind blows4 star'board1 the right-hand side of a ship4 bruised1 injured1 hurt4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,our ,,sailor ,,cat4 ,she was a sailor cat1 indeed1 and it was a sailor who first brought her on board4 ,our steamer was lying at her pier in the ,north ,river1 at ,new ,york1 taking in cargo4 ,one of our men1 who had been ashore1 came back with a little gray-and-white kitten in his arms4 ,she was very poor and thin1 and her little furry coat was sadly soiled with dirt and grease4 ,but she had not lost all her fun1 for she was making play with her tiny fore-paws at the ends of the sailor's red beard1 to honest ,jack's great delight4 ,where did you pick that up1 ,jack8 asked the third officer4 ,well1 your honor1 said ,jack ,harmon1 touching his cap with a grin1 seems to me she must have left her ship and gone to look for another1 for ,i found her tramping along the pier there1 and mewing as if she was calling out for somebody to show her the road4 ,so ,i thought that1 as we have many rats aboard the old craft1 she would be able to pick up a good living there2 and ,i called to her1 and she came at once1 and here she is4 ,here she was1 sure enough2 and as ,jack ended his story1 she chimed in with a plaintive little ,me-ow1 which said1 as plainly as ever any cat spoke yet1 ,i'm very cold and hungry1 and ,i do wish somebody would take me below and give me some food6 ,she had not long to wait4 ,half an hour later she was the best-fed cat in that part of ,new ,york ,city1 and that night she lay snugly curled up with a good warm blanket over her4 ,of course1 the first thing to do with an adopted cat is to give it a name1 and ,jack ,harmon1 who was a bit of a wag in his way1 and a great admirer of the monster elephant which was just then making such a stir in ,new ,york1 called his new pet ,jumbo4 ,jumbo soon became the pet of the whole crew1 and of the passengers1 too1 when they came on board1 a few days later1 for the voyage back to ,england4 ,before we were half-way across the ocean1 the bits of meat or cake1 and bits of white bread soaked in milk1 which were being constantly given her by one and another1 had made her look as round as an apple4 ,the ladies were never tired of stroking her soft fur and admiring her dainty white paws1 which were now as spotless as snow4 ,the children romped all day with this new playmate1 who seemed to enjoy the sport quite as much as themselves4 ,but ,jumbo was not content with mere play4 ,she seemed to think herself bound to do something to work her passage4 ,whenever any of the crew went aloft to take in sail1 ,jumbo would always climb up1 too1 as if to help them4 ,jack ,harmon was still her favorite1 and whenever it came his turn to stand at the bow and keep watch1 there was ,jumbo going backward and forward4 ,on the eighth night of the voyage1 the stars looked dim and watery1 and a low bank of clouds began to rise to windward of us1 just between sea and sky4 ,the old sailors shook their heads and looked grave1 as if they expected an unusual storm4 ,suddenly the wind began to blow strongly upon the starboard quarter1 stirring up a cross-sea which tossed the great ship like a toy4 ,nearly all the passengers had gone below1 and the few who remained on deck buttoned their water-proof coats1 and held tightly on by any thing they could seize4 ,jack ,harmon had shut up his cat below1 but poor puss escaped somehow1 for all at once a shrill cry was heard1 and there was ,jumbo clinging to a rail1 with a great mountain of a wave coming right down upon her4 ,several men sprang toward the spot1 but ,jack was foremost1 and he had just reached his little pet when down came the great wave upon them both4 ,instantly the whole after-deck was one roaring1 foaming waterfall1 the flying spray of which blinded one for a moment4 ,but when it cleared1 there stood our brave ,jack--dripping1 bruised1 and bleeding from a cut on the head4 ,but his little favorite was safe in his arms1 and as he came back with her1 such a cheer went up from all who were on deck1 as the old ship had not heard for many a day4 ,let's send round the hat for him1 said one of the passengers4 ,and the hat was sent around1 so successfully that ,jack got enough money to give his poor old mother a happy ,christmas1 and still have something left over for himself and ,jumbo1 who was his mother's pet ever after4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,should this lesson be read with the same tone of voice as ,lessons ,v4 and ,,vi48 ,in the first paragraph1 do not say pier rin for pier in2 dir' tand for dirt and4 ,point out two other places in the lesson where mistakes similar to those just given might occur4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,syllabify1 accent1 and mark the sounds of letters in the following words3 cargo1 officer1 blanket1 passengers1 instantly1 bleeding4 ,work her passage means to pay her fare by making herself useful4 ,make out an analysis in six parts for this lesson1 and use it in telling the story in your own words4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,viii4 loi'ter ing1 going slowly1 lingering4 pro tect'or1 one who keeps another from harm4 throng'ing1 gathering in large numbers4 wrecked1 dashed to pieces4 thatched1 covered with straw or twigs4 bronzed1 brown1 darked-colored4 bleach'ing1 whitening4 van'ished1 gone out of sight2 departed suddenly4 rapt'ure1 great joy2 delight4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,rescued4 ,little lad1 slow wandering across the sands so yellow1 ,leading safe a lassie small--,o tell me1 little fellow1 ,whither go you1 loitering in the summer weather1 ,chattering like sweet-voiced birds on a bough together8 ,i am ,robert1 if you please1 and this is ,rose1 my sister1 ,youngest of us all--he bent his curly head and kissed her1 ,every day we come and wait here till the sun is setting1 ,watching for our father's ship1 for mother dear is fretting4 ,long ago he sailed away1 out of sight and hearing1 ,straight across the bay he went1 into sunset steering4 ,every day we look for him1 and hope for his returning1 ,every night my mother keeps the candle for him burning4 ,summer goes1 and winter comes1 and spring returns but never ,father's step comes to the gate4 ,o1 is he gone forever8 ,the great1 grand ship that bore him off1 think you some tempest wrecked her8 ,tears shone in little ,rose's eyes1 upturned to her protector4 ,eagerly the bonny boy went on3 ,o1 sir1 look yonder6 ,in the offing see the sails that east and westward wander2 ,every hour they come and go1 the misty distance thronging4 ,while we watch and see them fade1 with sorrow and with longing4 ,little ,robert1 little ,rose6 ,the stranger's eyes were glistening ,at his bronzed and bearded face1 upgazed the children1 listening2 ,he knelt upon the yellow sand1 and clasped them to his bosom1 ,robert brave1 and little ,rose1 as bright as any blossom4 ,father1 father6 ,is it you8 ,the still air rings with rapture2 ,all the vanished joy of years the waiting ones recapture6 ,finds he welcome wild and sweet1 the low-thatched cottage reaching1 ,but the ship that into sunset steered1 upon the rocks lies bleaching4 ,illustration 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,read the conversational parts of this poem like conversation in prose4 ,point out the emphatic words in the first line of the last stanza4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,into sunset steering1 means sailing westward4 ,the misty distance thronging1 means gathering together in the distance4 ,the still air rings with rapture1 means that the air becomes full of joyful shouts4 ,all the vanished joy of years the waiting ones recapture1 means that the children regain the happiness lost during their father's absence4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,ix4 impos'ing1 grand looking2 of great size4 glar'ing1 fierce looking4 lim'its1 space4 e nor'mous1 very large2 huge4 start'led1 suddenly alarmed2 surprised4 au'dible1 that may be heard4 maj'esty1 greatness2 nobility4 increas'ing1 growing larger4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,lion4 ,there is1 in the appearance of the lion1 something both noble and imposing4 ,nature has given him wonderful strength and beauty4 ,his body1 when full grown1 is only about seven feet long and less than four feet high2 but his large and shapely head1 with its powerful jaws1 his glaring eye1 and long1 flowing mane1 give him an air of majesty that shows him worthy of the name--,king of ,beasts4 ,yet we are told that a lion will not willingly attack man1 unless first attacked himself or driven by hunger to forget his habits4 ,on meeting man suddenly1 he will turn1 retreat slowly for a short distance1 and then run away4 ,the lion belongs to the cat family1 and his teeth and claws are similar in form and action to those of the house cat4 ,his food is the flesh of animals2 and so great is his appetite1 that it must require several thousand other animals to supply one lion with food during his life-time4 ,his strength is so enormous that he can crush the skull of an ox with a single blow of his powerful paw1 and then grasp it in his jaws and bound away4 ,unless driven by hunger to bolder measures1 he will hide in the bushes1 or in the tall reeds along the banks of rivers1 and spring suddenly upon the unlucky animal that chances to come near him4 ,many lions have been captured1 and their habits and appearance carefully studied4 ,although there is a difference in color--some being of a yellowish brown1 others of a deep red1 and a few silvery gray--the general form and appearance of all lions is the same4 ,the mane is of a dark brown1 or of a dusky color1 and the tail nearly three feet long1 with a bunch of hair at the tip4 ,the lioness1 or female lion1 is smaller in every way than the male and has no mane4 ,it is in the night-time that the lion goes out from his den to seek for food1 and his color is so dark and his movements so silent1 that his presence is not known even at the distance of a few yards4 ,these dangerous beasts are no longer found in ,europe1 although they lived there in numbers many hundred years ago4 ,it is only in the deserts and rocky hills of ,asia and ,africa that they are met with4 ,those who have visited a menagerie1 and have seen a lion within the limits of a narrow iron cage1 can form no idea of the majesty of the brute when roaming about freely on his native soil4 ,the voice of the lion is loud and strong4 ,it is likely to strike terror to the bravest heart4 ,it consists1 says a well-known writer1 at times of a low1 deep moaning1 repeated five or six times1 and ending in scarcely audible sighs2 at other times1 the forest is startled with loud1 deep-toned1 solemn roars1 increasing in loudness to the third or fourth1 and then dying away in sounds like distant thunder4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,this lesson should be read a little more slowly than conversation4 ,when we wish to describe any thing1 we must give time for those who listen to us to get the meaning of what we say4 ,do not run the words together when reading4 7,see ,directions for ,reading1 page #db47jc ,example4--,there is1 in the appearance of the lion1 something both noble and imposing4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,syllabify1 accent1 and mark sounds of letters in the following words3 meeting1 require1 ,europe1 idea1 terror1 measures1 unlucky1 narrow1 bolder4 ,air of majesty means the noble appearance supposed to belong to kings4 #jc ,see ,lesson ,,vii4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,x4 ar ti fi' cial1 not real2 made by human skill4 ex er'tion1 great effort2 attempt4 destroyed'1 killed2 put an end to4 cleansed1 cleaned2 freed from dirt4 sit u a'tion1 position4 fa'mous1 much talked of2 well known4 fre'quent ly1 often4 in'ci dent1 adventure2 event4 nar rat'ed1 told4 hurled1 thrown with force4 stu'por1 sleepy feeling4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,adventure ,,with ,a ,,lion4 ,the dangers of lion-hunting may be understood from the following incident1 narrated by ,livingstone1 the famous ,african traveler3 ,the villagers among whom ,i was staying were much troubled by lions1 which leaped into their cattle-pens and destroyed their cows4 ,as ,i knew well that1 if one of a number of lions is killed1 the others frequently take the hint and leave that part of the country1 ,i gave the villagers advice to that end1 and1 to encourage them1 offered to lead the hunt4 ,the lions were found hiding among the rocks on a hill covered with trees1 and about a quarter of a mile in length4 ,the men circled the hill1 and slowly edged in closer and closer1 so that the lions might be completely surrounded4 ,presently one of the natives spied a lion sitting on a piece of rock1 and fired at him1 the ball missing the beast and striking the rock4 ,the lion turned1 bit like a dog at the spot where the bullet had struck1 and then bounded off to the shelter of the brushwood4 ,soon ,i saw another lion in much the same situation as the former1 and1 being not more than thirty yards from it1 let fly with both barrels4 ,as the lion was still on its legs1 ,i hastened to reload my gun2 but hearing a sudden and frightful cry from the natives1 ,i looked up and saw the wounded lion springing upon me4 ,i was caught by the shoulder and hurled to the ground4 ,growling terribly in my ear1 the lion shook me as a dog does a rat4 ,the shock produced a stupor1 similar to that which seems to be felt by a mouse after the first shake of a cat4 ,the lion then leaped upon one of the natives who had tried to shoot at him1 and then sprang at the neck of a second native who1 armed with a spear1 was rushing to the rescue4 ,illustration ,the exertion was too much for the wounded beast1 and so1 with his claws bedded in the spearman's shoulder1 he rolled over and died4 ,i had escaped1 but with a shoulder so broken as to need an artificial joint1 and with eleven teeth wounds in my arm4 ,these wounds were less severe than they would have been1 had not a heavy jacket which ,i had on1 cleansed the teeth of the lion in their passage4 ,as it was1 they were soon cured and gave me no trouble afterward4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,read this lesson in a full and clear conversational tone of voice4 ,those parts of the lesson to which we wish to call attention1 should be read slowly4 ,example4--,the men edged in closer and closer1 so that the lions might be completely surrounded4 ,should the slow and clear reading be kept up throughout pages #ea and #eb1 or should those pages be read more rapidly8#jd 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,syllabify1 accent1 and mark sounds of letters in the following words3 ,livingstone1 bullet1 growling1 jacket1 offered1 advice1 severe4 ,edged in closer and closer means went slowly nearer and nearer4 ,let fly with both barrels means fired both barrels of his gun at the same time4 ,still on its legs means not so badly wounded but that it was able to stand up4 ,tell the story in your own words4 #jd ,see this lesson4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xi4 en riched'1 made rich4 de tec'tion1 being found out4 dis mount'ed1 got down from4 sat' is fied1 supplied with all one wants4 sum'mit1 top2 highest point4 en trust'ed1 gave the care of4 em ployed'1 used2 made use of4 im por'tant1 worthy of attention4 ad dressed'1 spoke to4 di' a mond1 a very valuable stone4 in clud' ed1 put in as a part4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,noblest ,,deed ,,of ,,all4 ,a rich ,persian1 feeling himself growing old1 and finding that the cares of business were too great for him1 resolved1 to divide his goods among his three sons1 keeping a very small part to protect him from want in his old age4 ,the sons were all well satisfied1 and each took his share with thanks1 and promised that it should be well and properly employed4 ,when this important business was thus finished1 the father addressed the sons in the following words3 ,my sons1 there is one thing which ,i have not included in the share of any one of you4 ,it is this costly diamond which you see in my hand4 ,i will give it to that one of you who shall earn it by the noblest deed4 ,go1 therefore1 and travel for three months2 at the end of that time1 we will meet here again1 and you shall tell me what you have done4 ,the sons thereupon departed1 and traveled for three months1 each in a different direction4 ,at the end of that time they returned2 and all came together to their father to give an account of their journey4 ,the eldest son spoke first4 ,father1 on my journey a stranger entrusted to me a great number of valuable jewels1 without taking any account of them4 ,indeed1 ,i was well aware that he did not know how many the package contained4 ,one or two of them would never have been missed1 and ,i might easily have enriched myself without fear of detection4 ,but ,i gave back the package exactly as ,i had received it4 ,was not this a noble deed8 ,my son1 replied the father1 simple honesty cannot be called noble4 ,you did what was right1 and nothing more4 ,if you had acted otherwise1 you would have been dishonest1 and your deed would have shamed you4 ,you have done well1 but not nobly4 ,the second son now spoke4 ,he said3 ,as ,i was riding along on my journey1 ,i one day saw a poor child playing by the shore of a lake2 and just as ,i rode by1 it fell into the water1 and was in danger of being drowned4 ,i at once dismounted from my horse1 and plunging into the water1 brought it safe to land4 ,all the people of the village where this happened will tell you that what ,i say is true4 ,was it not a noble action8 ,my son1 replied the old man1 you did only what was your duty4 ,you could hardly have left the child to die without exerting yourself to save it4 ,you1 too1 have acted well1 but not nobly4 ,then the third son came forward to tell his tale4 ,he said3 ,father1 ,i had an enemy1 who for years had done me much harm and tried to take my life4 ,one evening during my journey1 ,i was passing along a dangerous road which ran beside the summit of a cliff4 ,as ,i rode along1 my horse started at sight of something in the road4 ,i dismounted to see what it was1 and found my enemy lying fast asleep on the very edge of the cliff4 ,the least movement in his sleep and he must have rolled over and been dashed to pieces on the rocks below4 ,his life was in my hands4 ,i drew him away from the edge and then woke him1 and told him to go on his way in peace4 ,then the old ,persian cried out with great joy1 ,dear son1 the diamond is yours1 for it is a noble and godlike thing to help an enemy and return good for evil4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,read this lesson in a conversational tone of voice1 and somewhat more slowly than ,lesson ,,iii4 ,read what is said by each one of the four different persons1 as you think each one of them would speak4 ,how would you read the third and fourth paragraphs8--the last paragraph8 ,point out the emphatic words in the last paragraph4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,syllabify1 accent1 and mark sounds of letters in the following words3 ,persian1 therefore1 valuable1 account1 jewels1 aware1 contained1 dishonest1 duty1 enemy4 ,let pupils use other words1 to express the following3 ,to go on his way in peace4 ,return good for evil4 ,tell the story in your own words1 using the points in the following ,analysis4--#a4 ,the father divides his goods4 #b4 ,what he said to his sons4 #c4 ,what the eldest son did4 #d4 ,what the second son did4 #e4 ,what the third son did4 #f4 ,what the father said4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xii4 a new'1 over again4 al'ma nac1 a book giving days1 weeks1 and months of the year4 rus'tling1 shaking with a gentle sound4 scents1 smells4 drow'sy1 sleepy2 making sleepy4 larch1 a kind of tree4 flue1 an opening for air or smoke to pass through4 haunt'ing1 staying in2 returning often4 mur'mur1 a low sound4 fra' grant1 sweet smelling4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,marjorie',s ,,almanac4 ,robins in the tree-top1 ,blossoms in the grass1 ,green things a-growing ,every-where you pass2 ,sudden fragrant breezes1 ,showers of silver dew1 ,black bough and bent twig ,budding out anew2 ,pine-tree and willow-tree1 ,fringed elm and larch1-- ,don't you think that ,may-time's ,pleasanter than ,march8 ,apples in the orchard ,mellowing one by one2 ,strawberries upturning ,soft cheeks to the sun2 ,roses faint with sweetness1 ,lilies fair of face1 ,drowsy scents and murmurs ,haunting every place2 ,lengths of golden sunshine1 ,moonlight bright as day1-- ,don't you think that summer's ,pleasanter than ,may8 ,roger in the corn-patch ,whistling negro songs2 ,pussy by the hearth-side ,romping with the tongs2 ,chestnuts in the ashes ,bursting through the rind2 ,red leaf and gold leaf ,rustling down the wind2 ,mother doin' peaches ,all the afternoon1-- ,don't you think that autumn's ,pleasanter than ,june8 ,little fairy snow-flakes ,dancing in the flue2 ,old ,mr4 ,santa ,claus1 ,what is keeping you8 ,twilight and firelight1 ,shadows come and go2 ,merry chime of sleigh-bells ,tinkling through the snow2 ,mother knitting stockings 7,pussy's got the ball67-- ,don't you think that winter's ,pleasanter than all8 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,read the lesson with spirit1 and avoid anything like sing-song4 ,do not make the last word of each line emphatic1 unless it is really an emphatic word4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,syllabify1 accent1 and mark sounds of letters in the following words2 ,marjorie's1 chestnuts1 peaches1 afternoon4 ,what part of the year is described in each stanza8 ,what two words can be used for each of the following3 ,may-time's1 summer's4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xiii4 col'o ny1 a number of people living together in one place4 set'tlers1 those people who form a colony4 shy1 easily frightened2 timid4 es tab'lished1 formed2 settled4 war'rior1 a soldier2 one who fights in war4 fur'ni ture1 articles used in a house4 dread'ed1 feared very much4 pros' per ous1 successful2 rich4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,story ,,of ,,indian ,,spring4 ,,part ,i4 ,you want to know why this is called ,indian ,spring1 ,robbie8 ,i will tell you4 ,when ,mary and ,i were little girls1 father moved away from our pleasant home on the bank of the ,delaware ,river1 and came to this part of the country4 ,there were five of us3 father1 mother1 ,mary1 our dear nurse ,lizzie1 and ,i4 ,lizzie was a colored woman1 who had lived with us a long time4 ,she was very handsome1 and straight as an arrow4 ,she was a few years older than mother4 ,grandfather ,thorpe1 your great grandfather1 boys1 gave her to mother when she was married4 ,your grandfather was a miller4 ,the old mill that ,i went to see to-day1 was his4 ,it was the first mill built in this part of ,pennsylvania4 ,o1 this was a beautiful country6 my eyes never were tired of looking out over these mountains and valleys4 ,but ,i saw that mother's face was getting thinner and whiter every day2 they said she was homesick1 and before we had been in the colony a year1 a grave was made under an elm-tree close by1 and that grave was mother's4 ,i thought my heart was broken then1 but ,i soon forgot my sorrow3 ,i still had father1 sister ,mary1 and ,lizzie4 ,in this part of ,pennsylvania at that time there were very few white people1 and besides our own1 there was no other colony within ten miles4 ,but our people being so near together1 and well armed1 felt quite safe4 ,ten miles away on the ,susquehanna1 was a small village established by a colony from the north1 which was used as a trading-post4 ,there the friendly ,indians often came to trade4 ,father went twice a year to this village to get supplies that came up the river4 ,he often spoke of ,red ,feather1 an old ,indian warrior4 ,father liked ,red ,feather1 and he learned to trust him almost as he would have trusted a white man4 ,time passed on until ,i was thirteen years old1 a tall1 strong girl1 and very brave for a girl4 ,i could shoot almost as well as father4 ,little ,mary was very quiet and shy1 not like me at all4 ,i loved fishing1 and often went out hunting with father1 but she staid at home with ,lizzie1 or sat down under the trees by the spring1 watching the shadow of the trees moving in it4 ,our colony had by this time become quite prosperous4 ,a good many of the settlers had built houses for themselves more like those they had left behind on the ,delaware4 ,the spring that ,i was fourteen1 father built this house4 ,the mill had already been grinding away for two years4 ,we were very happy when we moved out of our little log cabin into this pleasant house4 ,we had but little furniture1 but we had plenty of room4 ,up to this time1 there had not been much trouble with the ,indians1 and though we had often dreaded it1 and lived in fear many days at a time1 only four of our men had been killed by them4 ,we had trusted many of the friendly ,indians1 and ,red ,feather had frequently spent days at our settlement4 ,he seemed to like the mill4 ,i became quite attached to the old man2 but ,mary was always afraid of him1 and ,lizzie kept her sharp eyes on him whenever he came into the house4 ,she hated him1 and he knew it4 ,one beautiful clear morning in ,august of that year1 father went down to the mill as usual4 ,lizzie was busy with her work1 and little ,mary was playing with some tame doves1 when looking up1 ,i saw ,lizzie start suddenly4 ,she had seen something in the woods that frightened her4 ,without speaking1 she went to the door1 closed and fastened it1 then turned and looked out of the window4 ,she never told mo what she saw4 ,father came home early that day2 he looked anxious1 and ,i knew that something troubled him4 ,without waiting to eat his supper1 he went out1 and very soon most of the men of the colony had gathered round him at the spring4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,with what tone of voice should this lesson be read8 ,what other lessons before this1 have been read with the same tone of voice8 ,name two emphatic words in the following exclamation3 ,o1 this was a beautiful country6 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,change the exclamation given above to a statement4 ,what word would be omitted8 ,how would the punctuation be changed8 ,syllabify1 accent1 and mark sounds of letters in the following words3 ,delaware1 thinner1 ,susquehanna1 grinding4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xiv4 con fu'sion1 disorder4 sense'less1 without the power of thinking or acting2 seemingly lifeless4 re vived'1 came back to life2 recovered4 cun'ning1 slyness2 skill4 pro voke'1 make angry4 stunned1 made senseless by a blow on the head4 meek'ly1 in a gentle manner4 his'to ry1 what is told of the past2 a story4 tot'ter1 shake as if about to fall4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,story ,,of ,,indian ,,spring4 ,,part ,,ii4 ,it was as ,i had feared2 we were in danger of an attack from the ,indians4 ,something had happened at the trading-post to provoke them1 and rouse their thirst for blood4 ,but a quiet night passed by and the sun shone again over the hills in wonderful beauty4 ,suddenly1 there sounded from the forest a scream4 ,i had never heard it before1 but ,i knew it4 ,it was the terrible war-whoop4 ,then all was confusion and horror4 ,i saw ,nanito1 an ,indian that ,i knew1 who had eaten at our table4 ,i saw him strike down our father1 while ,lizzie fought to save him4 ,but it was no use1 there was no mercy in the heart of the ,indian4 ,they carried ,lizzie away from us1 and we never saw her again4 ,poor little frightened ,mary and ,i were tied together1 our hands fastened behind us1 and we were given1 to--whom do you think1 ,robbie8--to ,red ,feather4 ,then ,i hated him1 and resolved that ,i would kill him if ,i could4 ,after a while he took us out of the house1 and then ,i saw that most of the houses in the little village were burning4 ,the women and children were saved alive1 but nearly all the men were killed4 ,i was very quiet1 for ,i wanted my hands untied1 and ,i thought perhaps ,red ,feather would pity me and unfasten them4 ,little ,mary was frightened nearly to death4 ,she had not spoken since she saw the ,indian strike father down1--when she screamed and fell senseless4 ,for a good while ,i thought she was dead4 ,she had revived a great deal1 but had not spoken4 ,about sundown ,red ,feather led us down past the spring1 out into the woods1 but not far away4 ,we could still see the smoke rising from the burning houses4 ,the ,indians had gone some distance farther and camped with the white prisoners4 ,red ,feather could speak ,english1 so ,i told him if he would untie my hands1 ,i would make his fire1 and bake his corn cake for him4 ,he was old and feeble1 and had lost much of his natural cunning4 ,he knew me1 and trusted me2 so without speaking1 he took his hunting knife from his belt1 cut the cords1 and ,i was free4 ,i took the hatchet that he gave me to cut some branches for a fire1 and went to work very meekly1 with my head down4 ,i dared not speak to ,mary1 for fear he might see me1 for his eyes were fixed on me every moment4 ,i baked his corn cake in the ashes1 and gave it to him4 ,by this time it was dark1 but the light from our fire shone far out into the woods4 ,i noticed ,red ,feather did not watch me so closely1 and his eyes would now and then shut1 for he was very tired4 ,he leaned forward to light his pipe in the ashes1 when instantly1 almost without thinking1 ,i seized the hatchet1 and struck him with all my might4 ,with a loud scream1 ,i plunged into the woods toward home4 ,turning an instant1 ,i saw ,mary spring up1 totter1 and fall4 ,with another sharp report came a twinge of pain in my side4 ,suddenly ,i fell1 and in the darkness of the woods1 they passed on1 leaving me stunned and nearly dead4 ,i will not tell you now1 my dear ,robbie1 how ,i was cared for1 and who brought home little ,mary and laid her to rest under the elm1 beside mother--but the bullet that struck me then1 ,i still carry in my side1 and shall as long as ,i live4 ,many years have passed since that terrible day1 but ,i can never forget it4 ,as long as the history of this country lasts1 ,indian ,spring will be remembered1 and other boys will listen1 with eyes as wide open as yours1 to the tale it has to tell4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,should the second or third paragraph of the lesson be read the faster8 ,when do we speak more rapidly--in telling an exciting story1 or in common conversation8 ,do our feelings guide us when we speak slowly or rapidly8--when1 we speak quietly or forcibly8 ,point out three paragraphs in the lesson that you would read as slowly as ,lesson ,,xiii42 three that you would read more rapidly4 ,in reading rapidly1 be careful not to omit syllables1 and not to run words together4 7,see ,directions for ,reading1 page #db47je #je ,see ,lesson ,,vii4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xv4 aft1 near the stern of a ship4 anch'or1 a large iron for holding a ship4 aimed1 directed or pointed at1 as a gun4 car'tridge1 a small case containing powder and ball4 mood1 state of mind2 temper4 sul'try1 very hot4 cleav'ing1 cutting through2 dividing4 dis cov'ered1 found out2 seen clearly4 buoys1 floats1 made of wood1 hollow iron1 or copper4 re sults'1 what follows an act4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,an ,,adventure ,,with ,a ,,shark4 ,our noble ship lay at anchor in the ,bay of ,tangiers1 a town in the north-west part of ,africa4 ,the day had been very mild1 with a gentle breeze sweeping to the northward and westward4 ,toward the close of the day the sea-breeze died away1 and hot1 sultry breathings came from the great1 sunburnt desert of ,sahara4 ,half an hour before sundown1 the captain gave the cheering order to call the hands to go in swimming2 and1 in less than five minutes1 the forms of our sailors were seen leaping from the arms of the lower yards into the water4 ,one of the sails1 with its corners fastened from the main yard-arm and the swinging boom1 had been lowered into the water1 and into this most of the swimmers made their way4 ,among those who seemed to be enjoying the sport most heartily were two boys1 one of whom was the son of our old gunner2 and1 in a laughing mood1 they started out from the sail on a race4 ,there was a loud ringing shout of joy on their lips as they put off2 they darted through the water like fishes4 ,the surface of the sea was smooth as glass1 though its bosom rose in long1 heavy swells that set in from the ocean4 ,one of the buoys which was attached to the anchor1 to show where it lay1 was far away on the starboard quarter1 where it rose and fell with the lazy swell of the waves4 ,towards this buoy the two lads made their way1 the old gunner's son taking the lead2 but1 when they were within about sixty yards of the buoy1 the other boy shot ahead and promised to win the race4 ,the old gunner had watched the progress of his son with great pride2 and when he saw him drop behind1 he leaped upon the quarter-deck1 and was just upon the point of urging him on by a shout1 when a cry was heard that struck him with instant horror4 ,a shark6 a shark6 shouted the officer of the deck2 and1 at the sound of those terrible words1 the men who were in the water1 leaped and plunged toward the ship4 ,three or four hundred yards away1 the back of a monster shark was seen cleaving the water4 ,its course was for the boys4 ,for a moment the gunner stood like one who had lost his reason2 then he shouted at the top of his voice for the boys to turn2 but they heard him not4 ,stoutly the two swimmers strove1 knowing nothing of the danger from the shark4 ,their merry laughter still rang over the waters1 as they were both nearing the buoy4 ,o1 what anxiety filled the heart of the gunner6 ,a boat had put off1 but he knew it could not reach the boys in time to prevent the shark from overtaking them4 ,every moment he expected to see the monster sink from sight1--then he knew all hope would be gone4 ,at this moment a cry was heard on board the ship1 that reached every heart1--the boys had discovered their enemy4 ,the cry startled the old gunner1 and1 quicker than thought1 he sprung from the quarter-deck4 ,the guns were all loaded and shotted1 fore and aft1 and none knew their temper better than he4 ,with steady hand1 made strong by sudden hope1 the old gunner pricked the cartridge of one of the quarter guns2 then he took from his pocket a percussion cap1 fixed it on its place1 and set back the hammer of the gun-lock4 ,with great exertions1 the old man turned the heavy gun to its bearing1 and then seizing the string of the lock1 he stood back and watched for the next swell that would bring the shark in range4 ,he had aimed the piece some distance ahead of his mark2 but yet a moment would settle his hopes and fears4 ,every breath was hushed1 and every heart in that old ship beat painfully4 ,the boat was yet some distance from the boys1 while the horrid sea-monster was fearfully near4 ,illustration ,suddenly the silence was broken by the roar of the gun2 and1 as the old man knew his shot was gone1 he covered his face with his hands1 as if afraid to see the result4 ,if he had failed1 he knew that his boy was lost4 ,for a moment after the report of the gun had died away upon the air1 there was an unbroken silence2 but1 as the thick smoke arose from the surface of the water1 there was1 at first1 a low murmur breaking from the lips of the men1--that murmur grew louder and stronger1 till it swelled to a joyous1 deafening shout4 ,the old gunner sprung to his feet1 and gazed off on the water1 and the first thing that met his sight was the huge body of the shark floating on its back1 the shot aimed by him having instantly killed it4 ,in a few moments the boat reached the daring swimmers1 and1 greatly frightened1 they were brought on board4 ,the old man clasped his boy in his arms1 and then1 overcome by the powerful excitement1 he leaned upon a gun for support4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,what paragraphs should be read rapidly8 ,does the feeling require it8 ,use calling tones for the words1 ,a shark6 ,a shark6 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,syllabify1 accent1 and mark sounds of letters in the following words3 ,tangiers1 ,sahara1 percussion1 excitement1 support4 ,tell the story in your own words1 using the points in the following ,analysis4--#a4 ,where the ship was4 #b4 ,the race4 #c4 ,the shark4 #d4 ,the gunner's trial4 #e4 ,the result4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xvi4 scant'y1 not enough for use4 hu'man1 belonging to man or mankind4 cubs1 the young of wild animals4 le'gend1 a story2 a tale4 soot'y1 blackened with smoke4 scar'let1 of a bright red color4 self'ish ly1 as if caring only for one's self4 knead'ed1 pressed and rolled with the hands4 dough1 unbaked bread or cake4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,,legend ,,of ,,the ,,northland4 ,away1 away in the ,northland1 ,where the hours of the day are few1 ,and the nights are so long in winter1 ,they can not sleep them through2 ,where they harness the swift reindeer ,to the sledges when it snows2 ,and the children look like bear's cubs1 ,in their funny1 furry clothes3 ,they tell them a curious story-- ,i don't believe 'tis true2 ,and yet you may learn a lesson ,if ,i tell the tale to you4 ,once1 when the good ,saint ,peter ,lived in the world below1 ,and walked about it1 preaching1 ,just as he did1 you know2 ,he came to the door of a cottage1 ,in traveling round the earth1 ,where a little woman was making cakes1 ,in the ashes on the hearth4 ,and being faint with fasting-- ,for the day was almost done-- ,he asked her1 from her store of cakes1 ,to give him a single one4 ,so she made a very little cake1 ,but as it baking lay1 ,she looked at it and thought it seemed ,too large to give away4 ,therefore she kneaded another1 ,and still a smaller one2 ,but it looked1 when she turned it over1 ,as large as the first had done4 ,then she took a tiny scrap of dough1 ,and rolled and rolled it flat2 ,and baked it thin as a wafer-- ,but she couldn't part with that4 ,for she said1 ,my cakes that seem so small ,when ,i eat of them myself1 ,are yet too large to give away4 ,so she put them on a shelf4 ,then good ,saint ,peter grew angry1 ,for he was hungry and faint2 ,and surely such1 a woman ,was enough to provoke a saint4 ,and he said1 ,you are far too selfish ,to dwell in a human form1 ,to have both food and shelter1 ,and fire to keep you warm4 ,now1 you shall build as the birds do1 ,and shall get your scanty food ,by boring1 and boring1 and boring1 ,all day in the hard dry wood4 ,then up she went through the chimney4 ,never speaking a word2 ,and out of the top flew a woodpecker1 ,for she was changed to a bird4 ,she had a scarlet cap on her head1 ,and that was left the same1 ,but all the rest of her clothes were burned ,black as a coal in the flame4 ,and every country school-boy ,has seen her in the wood2 ,where she lives in the trees till this very day ,boring and boring for food4 ,and this is the lesson she teaches3 ,live not for yourselves alone1 ,lest the needs you will not pity ,shall one day be your own4 ,give plenty of what is given to you1 ,listen to pity's call2 ,don't think the little you give is great1 ,and the much you get is small4 ,now1 my little boy1 remember that1 ,and try to be kind and good1 ,when you see the woodpecker's sooty dress1 ,and see her scarlet hood4 ,you mayn't be changed to a bird1 though you live ,as selfishly as you can2 ,but you will be changed to a smaller thing-- ,a mean and selfish man4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,in what manner should this lesson be read at the beginning--quietly1 or with much spirit8 ,on page #gg1 beginning with the second stanza1 is what ,saint ,peter says quiet and slow1 or emphatic and somewhat rapid8#jf ,point out three places where two lines are to be joined and read as one4 ,what two lines in each stanza end with similar sounds8 #jf ,see stanza number #ab of the poem4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xvii4 ex pres'sion1 a look showing feeling4 a maze'ment1 great surprise2 astonishment4 mag'netisnm1 an unknown power of drawing or pulling4 con tin'ued1 went on2 stayed4 test'ing1 trying4 con ven'ience1 ease2 the saving of trouble4 ex per'i ments1 the trials made to find out facts4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,,funny ,,horseshoe4 ,what a funny horseshoe6 said ,charlie1 ,it has no holes for the nails6 ,i looked up and saw that he had taken up a small horseshoe magnet4 ,why that isn't a horseshoe1 ,i said4 ,it's a magnet4 ,magnet6 ,what's that8 ,charlie turned it over in his hands1 and pulled the bar a little4 ,the bar slipped so that it hung only by a corner4 ,never mind1 ,i said1 as he looked up with a scared expression4 ,it isn't broken4 ,put the bar back4 ,charlie put it back1 and it sprung into place with a sharp click4 ,that's funny6 he cried again4 ,what made it jump so8 ,and what makes it stick8 ,it doesn't feel sticky4 ,we call it magnetism1 ,i said4 ,now1 take hold of the bar1 and see if you can pull it straight off4 ,i can't4 ,it sticks fast4 ,pull harder4 ,charlie braced himself for a strong pull4 ,suddenly the bar came off1 and he went tumbling backward4 ,what did you say makes it hold so hard8 said he1 getting up4 ,magnetism1 said ,i again4 ,but what is magnetism8 ,i couldn't tell you if ,i tried2 but ,i think you could learn a great deal about it with that magnet4 ,you will find a lot of things in that box that may help you4 ,saying this1 ,i left him to pursue his studies as best he could4 ,when ,i came back1 ,i found him more puzzled than when ,i left him4 ,that's the queerest thing ,i ever saw1 he said4 ,some things just jump at it as though they were alive2 some things it pulls2 and some things it doesn't pull a bit4 ,that's a very long lesson you have learned1 ,i said4 ,what does it pull8 ,these1 he said1 pointing to a pile of things on one side of the box4 ,and these things it doesn't pull4 ,let us see what you have in this pile1 ,i said1 looking at the first little heap2 keys8 ,trunk keys1 said ,charlie4 ,it doesn't pull door keys4 ,i tried ever so many4 ,try this key1 said ,i1 taking one from my pocket4 ,this is a trunk key4 ,see if the magnet pulls it4 ,no-o1 said ,charlie1 thoughtfully1 it doesn't2 but it pulled all the rest of the trunk keys ,i could find4 ,try this key to my office door4 ,charlie tried it1 and to his great amazement the key stuck fast to the magnet4 ,surely1 said ,i1 it pulls some door keys1 and fails to pull some trunk keys4 ,charlie was more puzzled than ever4 ,he looked at the keys1 thought a moment1 then picked up my trunk key1 and said3 ,this key is brass2 the rest are iron4 ,that's so1 ,i said4 ,and all these door keys that the magnet didn't pull1 he continued1 are brass1 too4 ,perhaps it can't pull brass things4 ,suppose you try4 ,but first see if there are any brass things that the magnet pulled4 ,charlie looked them over4 ,then we tried the casters of my chair1 and all the other brass things we could find1 none of which the magnet would pull4 ,there's no use in trying any longer1 said ,charlie4 ,it won't pull brass4 ,then1 there's another matter settled1 ,i said4 ,the magnet does not pull brass4 ,is there any thing else it does not pull8 ,wood1 said ,charlie4 ,i tried lots of pieces4 ,any thing else8 ,stones1 said ,charlie1 eagerly4 ,what are these8 ,i asked1 holding up a couple of heavy stones he had put among the things the magnet pulled4 ,i guess ,i put those there by mistake1 said ,charlie1 testing with1 the magnet a number of stones in the other pile4 ,try them1 ,i said4 ,o6 he said1 as the magnet lifted them2 ,i forgot4 ,it does lift some stones4 ,well1 what else have you in that pile of things the magnet did not pull8 ,glass1 leather1 lead1 bone1 cloth1 tin1 zinc1 corn1 and a lot of things4 ,very well4 ,now let us see what the magnet does pull4 ,iron keys1 said ,charlie1 and nails4 ,here's a nail in this other pile4 ,that's a brass nail4 ,the magnet pulls only iron nails4 ,what else have we in this pile8 ,needles1 hair-pins1 screws1 wire--iron wire1 he added quickly4 ,brass wire doesn't stick1 you know4 ,how about this8 ,i asked1 taking a small coil of copper wire from my desk4 ,i guess that won't stick1 said ,charlie4 ,because that's copper wire1 and the magnet doesn't seem to pull any thing that isn't iron4 ,much to ,charlie's satisfaction1 the magnet did not pull the copper wire4 ,then ,i took up two stones1 one rusty red1 the other black1 and said3 ,what about these8 ,i guess they must have iron in them too1 said ,charlie4 ,have they8 ,they have1 ,i replied4 ,they are iron ores from which iron is made4 ,why did you think there was iron in them8 ,because they wouldn't have stuck to the magnet if there wasn't4 ,quite true4 ,so you have learned another very important fact4 ,can you tell me what it is8 ,the magnet pulls iron1 said ,charlie4 ,good1 said ,i2 and it is also true that the magnet does not pull-- ,things that are not iron1 said ,charlie4 ,true again1 ,i said4 ,so far as our experiments go1 the magnet pulls iron always1 and never any thing else4 ,but what makes it pull iron8 ,that ,i can not tell4 ,we see it does pull1 but just how the pulling is done1 or what makes it1 no one has yet found out4 ,for convenience we call the pulling power magnetism4 ,you may keep the magnet1 and at some other time1 ,i will tell you more about it4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,name six words in the lesson1 each of which is made up of two words by leaving out letters4 ,write out the two words in each case4 ,what is the name of the mark which shows the omission of letters8 ,point out the statement1 command1 question1 and exclamation in the sentences given below4 ,o1 isn't it a funny horseshoe6 ,put the bar back4 ,what made it jump so8 ,the magnet pulls iron4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xviii4 ex pos'es1 shows4 mi mo'sa1 a tree that grows in ,africa4 mot'tled1 marked with spots of different color4 re sem'bling1 looking like4 ap proach'1 coming near4 pub'lic1 open to all2 free4 va'ri ous1 different2 unlike in kind4 de fend'1 take care of2 protect4 gait1 manner of stepping4 pre vents'1 keeps from2 stops4 ca' pa ble1 having power2 able4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,giraffe ,,or ,,camelopard4 ,there are few sights more pleasing than a herd of tall and graceful giraffes4 ,with1 their heads reaching a height of from twelve to eighteen feet1 they move about in small herds on the open plains of ,africa1 eating the tender twigs and leaves of the mimosa and other trees4 ,the legs of a large giraffe are about nine feet long1 and its neck nearly six feet2 while its body measures only seven feet in length and slopes rapidly from the neck to the tail4 ,the graceful appearance of the giraffe is increased by the beauty of its skin1 which is orange red in color and mottled with dark spots4 ,its long tail has at the end a tuft of thick hair which serves the purpose of keeping off the flies and stinging insects1 so plentiful in the hot climate of ,africa4 ,illustration ,its tongue is very wonderful4 ,it is from thirteen to seventeen inches in length1 is slender and pointed1 and is capable of being moved in various ways4 ,it is almost as useful to the giraffe as the trunk is to the elephant4 ,the horns of the giraffe are very short and covered with skin4 ,at the ends there are tufts of short hair4 ,the animal has divided hoofs somewhat resembling those of the ox4 ,the head of the giraffe is small1 and its eyes1 large and mild looking4 ,these eyes are set in such a way that the animal can see a great deal of what is behind it without turning its head4 ,in addition to its wonderful power of sight1 the giraffe can scent danger from a great distance2 so there is no animal more difficult of approach4 ,strange to relate1 the giraffe has no voice4 ,in ,london1 some years ago1 two giraffes were burned to death in their stables1 when the slightest sound would have given notice of their danger1 and saved their lives4 ,the giraffe is naturally both gentle and timid1 and he will always try to avoid danger by flight4 ,it is when running that he exposes his only ungraceful point4 ,he runs swiftly1 but as he moves the fore and hind legs on each side at the same time1 it gives him a very displeasing and awkward gait4 ,but though timid1 he will1 when overtaken1 turn even upon the lion or panther1 and defend himself successfully by powerful kicks with his strong legs4 ,the natives of ,africa capture the giraffe in pitfalls1 which are deep holes covered over with branches of trees and dirt4 ,when captured1 he can be tamed1 and gives scarcely any trouble during captivity4 ,fifty years ago1 but little was known about giraffes in ,europe or ,america4 ,now we can find them in menageries and the public gardens of our large cities4 ,the giraffe thrives in captivity and seems to be well satisfied with a diet of corn and hay4 ,it is a source of great satisfaction to those who admire this beautiful animal1 that there is no reason which prevents him from living in a climate so different from that of his ,african home4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,write statements containing each of the following words1 used in such a manner as to show their proper meaning3 feet1 feat2 red1 read2 fore1 four2 gait1 gate4 ,model4-- ,we are coming to see you to-morrow4 ,he stood watching the ships sailing on the sea4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xix4 ex pert'1 skillful4 ad vise'1 offer advice2 give notice of what has happened4 civ'il ized1 having laws1 learning1 and good manners4 quan'ti ty1 a large amount2 part4 in duce'1 lead one to think or act4 pre pared'1 made ready for use4 de part'ed1 went away4 hence forth'1 from this time forward4 part'ner1 one who shares with another1 as a partner in business4 ar riv'ing1 coming to2 reaching a point4 con vince'1 make one believe4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,trader',s ,,trick4 ,out in the ,west1 where many ,indians live1 there are white men who go among them to trade for furs and skins of animals4 ,these furs and skins are collected and prepared by the ,indians1 and serve the purpose of money when the traders visit them to dispose of various kinds of goods4 ,in old times1 before the white men came to this country1 the ,indians had only bows and arrows1 and spears with which to hunt4 ,but the white men soon taught them to use guns1 and to-day1 nearly all the tribes in ,america are well supplied with rifles or shotguns4 ,they are very expert with these fire-arms1 and as they use them a great deal1 must have a large and constant supply of gunpowder4 ,a story is told of how1 at one time1 a tribe of ,indians tried to raise gunpowder by planting seed4 ,this shows how little they knew of civilized life and habits4 ,a trader went to a certain ,indian nation to dispose of a stock of goods4 ,among other things he had a quantity of gunpowder4 ,the ,indians traded for his cloths1 hats1 axes1 beads1 and other things1 but would not take the powder1 saying3 ,we do not wish for the powder2 we have plenty4 ,the trader did not like to carry all the powder back to his camp2 so thought he would play a trick on the ,indians1 and induce them to buy it4 ,going to an open piece of ground near the ,indian camp1 he dug some little holes in the soft1 rich soil2 then mixing a quantity of onion seed with his powder1 he began to plant it4 ,the ,indians were curious to know what he was doing1 and stood by greatly interested4 ,what are you doing8 said one4 ,planting gunpowder1 replied the trader4 ,why do you plant it8 inquired another4 ,to raise a crop of powder4 ,how could ,i raise it without planting8 said the trader4 ,do you not plant corn in the ground8 ,and will gunpowder grow like corn8 exclaimed half a dozen at once4 ,certainly it will1 said the trader4 ,did you not know it8 ,as you do not want my powder1 ,i thought ,i would plant it1 and raise a crop which ,i could gather and sell to the ,crows4 ,now the ,crows were another tribe of ,indians1 which was always at war with this tribe4 ,the idea of their enemies having a large supply of powder increased the excitement1 and one of the ,indians said3 ,well1 well1 if we can raise powder like corn1 we will buy your stock and plant it4 ,but some of the ,indians thought best to wait1 and see if the seed would grow4 ,so the trader agreed to wait a few days4 ,in about a week the tiny sprouts of the onion seed began to appear above the ground4 ,the trader calling the ,indians to the spot1 said3 ,you see now for yourselves4 ,the powder already begins to grow1 just as ,i told you it would4 ,the fact that some small plants appeared where the trader had put the gunpowder1 was enough to convince the ,indians4 ,every one of them became anxious to raise a crop of gunpowder4 ,the trader sold them his stock1 in which there was a large mixture of onion seeds1 at a very high price1 and then left4 ,from this time1 the ,indians gave no attention to their corn crop4 ,if they could raise gunpowder1 they would be happy4 ,they took great care of the little plants as they came up out of the ground1 and watched every day for the appearance of the gunpowder blossoms4 ,they planned a buffalo hunt which was to take place after the powder harvest4 ,after a while the onions bore a plentiful crop of seeds1 and the ,indians began to gather and thresh it4 ,they believed that threshing the onion seeds would produce the powder4 ,but threshing failed to bring it4 ,then they discovered that they had been cheated4 ,of course the dishonest trader avoided these ,indians1 and did not make them a second visit4 ,after some time1 however1 he sent his partner to them for the purpose of trading goods for furs and skins4 ,by chance they found out that this man was the partner of the one who had cheated them4 ,they said nothing to him about the matter2 but when he had opened his goods and was ready to trade1 they coolly helped themselves to all he had1 and walked off4 ,the trader did not understand this4 ,he became furiously angry1 and went to make his complaint to the chief of the nation4 ,i am an honest man1 said he to the chief4 ,i came here to trade honestly4 ,but your people are thieves2 they have stolen all my goods4 ,the old chief looked at him some time in silence1 and then said3 ,my children are all honest4 ,they have not stolen your goods4 ,they will pay you as soon as they gather their gunpowder harvest4 ,the man had heard of the trick played upon the ,indians2 but did not know before this1 that his partner was the one who had cheated them4 ,he could not say a word4 ,he departed at once4 ,arriving at his home1 he said to his partner3 ,we must separate4 ,i have learned a lesson4 ,i can not remain in business with a dishonest man4 ,you cheated the ,indians for a little gain4 ,you have lost it1 and ,i advise you1 henceforth1 to deal honestly with all men4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,in the first paragraph of the lesson1 notice the places marked below 77 where words are likely to be run together in reading1 and avoid making such errors4 ,outin the ,west1 thereare men who trade for fursand skinsof animals4 ,point out similar places in the second paragraph4 ,name four emphatic words occurring in the last sentence of the lesson4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4 ,syllabify1 accent1 and mark sounds of letters in the following words3 dispose1 gunpowder1 complaint1 henceforth4 ,give reasons for the capital letters and marks of punctuation used in the last paragraph of the lesson4 ,tell the story in your own words1 using the points given in the following ,analysis4--#a4 ,trading with the ,indians4 #b4 ,the use of fire-arms among the ,indians4 #c4 ,the trader's trick4 #d4 ,visit of the trader's partner4 #e4 ,what the ,indians did4 #f4 ,the return of the partner4 #g4 ,what he said to the trader4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xx4 floss'y1 made of silk4 mag'ic1 unnatural power4 war'bling1 singing4 mope1 become stupid or dull4 boun'ty1 what is given freely4 lan'guish1 become weak2 wither4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,,happy ,,pair4 ,over my shaded doorway ,two little brown-winged birds ,have chosen to fashion their dwelling1 ,and utter their loving words2 ,all day they are going and coming ,on errands frequent and fleet1 ,and warbling over and over1 ,sweetest1 sweet1 sweet1 ,o sweet6 ,their necks are changeful and shining1 ,their eyes like living gems2 ,and all day long they are busy ,gathering straws and stems1 ,lint and feathers and grasses1 ,and half forgetting to eat1 ,yet never failing to warble1 ,sweetest1 sweet1 sweet1 ,o sweet6 ,i scatter crumbs on the doorstep1 ,and fling them some flossy threads2 ,they fearlessly gather my bounty1 ,and turn up their grateful heads4 ,and chatter and dance and flutter1 ,and scrape with their tiny feet1 ,telling me over and over1 ,sweetest1 sweet1 sweet1 ,o sweet6 ,what if the sky is clouded8 ,what if the rain comes down8 ,they are all dressed to meet it1 ,in water-proof suits of brown4 ,they never mope nor languish1 ,nor murmur at storm or heat2 ,but say1 whatever the weather1 ,sweetest1 sweet1 sweet1 ,o sweet6 ,always merry and busy1 ,dear little brown-winged birds6 ,teach me the happy magic ,hidden in those soft words1 ,which always1 in shine or shadow1 ,so lovingly you repeat1 ,over and over and over1 ,sweetest1 sweet1 sweet1 ,o sweet6 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils express1 in their own language1 the words given below in dark type4 ,their eyes are like living gems4 ,which you always repeat in shine or shadow4 ,what kind of birds are described in the lesson8 ,why did they gather straws1 stems1 lint1 feathers1 and grasses8 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xxi4 mes'sage1 word2 notice4 mer'chan dise1 things traded2 goods4 guid'ance leading2 directing4 halt1 stop4 de cid'ed1 made up their minds4 re trac'ing1 going back over4 ho ri'zon1 line where the earth and sky seem to meet4 en camped'1 set up tents4 sole1 only4 gushed1 flowed rapidly2 poured4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,ali1 ,,the ,,boy ,,camel-,,driver ,,part ,i4 ,hassan was a camel-driver who dwelt at ,gaza4 ,it was his business to go with caravans1 backwards and forwards1 across the desert to ,suez1 to take care of the camels4 ,he had a wife and one young son1 called ,ali4 ,hassan had been1 absent for many weeks1 when his wife received from him a message1 brought by another camel-driver1 who had returned with a caravan from ,suez4 ,it said3 ,send the boy with the camel to ,suez with the next caravan4 ,i have some merchandise to bring home1 and ,i will stop at ,suez till he comes4 ,ali's mother was pained at the thought of sending her young son away to such a distance for the first time2 but she said to herself that ,ali was now quite old enough to be helping his father1 and she at once set about doing what was required for his journey4 ,ali got out the trappings for the camel1 and looked to the water-bottles to see that they did not leak4 ,his mother did all that was needed to make him quite ready to join the next caravan that started4 ,ali was delighted to think that he was to go to his father1 and that at last the day was come when1 he too was to be a camel-driver1 and to take a journey with the dear old camel which he was so fond of4 ,he had long wanted to ride on its back across the desert1 and to lie down by its side to rest at night4 ,he had no fear4 ,the camel1 of which ,ali was so fond1 had been bought by his father with the savings of many a year's hard work1 and formed the sole riches of the family4 ,hassan was looked upon as quite a rich man by the other camel-drivers1 and ,ali1 besides having a great love for the animal1 was proud of his father being a camel owner4 ,though it was a great creature by the side of the young boy1 it would obey the voice of ,ali1 and come and go at his bidding1 and lie down and rise up just as he wished4 ,hassan called his camel by an ,arabian word1 which meant ,meek-eye4 ,at last1 there was a caravan about to start for ,suez which ,ali could join4 ,the party met near the gates of the city1 where there were some wells1 at which the water-bottles could be filled4 ,ali's mother attended1 and bid her son a loving farewell4 ,the caravan started4 ,the camels which were to lead the way1 had around their necks jingling bells1 which the others hearing1 followed without other guidance4 ,ali looked about and saw his mother standing near the city gate4 ,he took his cap off and waved it above his head1 and his mother took off the linen cloth which she wore over her head1 and waved it4 ,tramp1 tramp1 tramp went the camels1 their soft spongy feet making a noise as they trod the ground4 ,the camel-drivers laughed1 and talked to each other4 ,ali was the only boy in the caravan1 and no one seemed to notice him4 ,he had a stout heart1 and tried not to care4 ,he could talk to ,meek-eye1 and this he did1 patting the creature's back1 and telling him they would soon see his father4 ,the sun rose higher and higher1 and the day grew hotter and hotter4 ,the morning breeze died away1 and the noon was close and sultry4 ,the sand glowed like fire4 ,there was nothing to be seen but sand and sky4 ,at mid-day a halt was made at one of the places well known to the drivers1 where shade and water could be had4 ,the water-bottles were not to be touched that day1 for at this place a little stream1 which gushed from a rock1 supplied enough for the men1 while the camels needed no water for many days4 ,after resting a short time1 the kneeling camels were made to rise1 the riders first placing themselves on their backs1 and the caravan then moved on4 ,at night the party encamped for rest1 the camels lying down1 while fires were lighted and food was prepared4 ,several days were thus passed1 and ,ali found that he liked this kind of life as well as he thought he should4 ,no ,arabs were met with1 nor even seen2 but a danger of the desert1 worse than a party of ,arabs1 came upon them4 ,there arose one day at noon1 one of those fearful burning winds which do such mischief to the traveler and his camel4 ,the loose sand was raised like a cloud4 ,it filled the nostrils and blinded the eyes4 ,the only thing to be done1 was for the men to get off the backs of the camels1 and lie down with their faces to the earth4 ,after the storm had passed1 they arose to continue their journey4 ,but the sand had been so blown as to cover the beaten track1 and thus all trace of the road was lost4 ,the camel-drivers who led the way stood still1 and said that they did not know which way to turn4 ,no distant rock or palm-tree was to be seen1 and no one could say which was the south1 towards which their faces ought to be turned4 ,they wandered on1 now turning to the right1 and now to the left2 and sometimes1 when they had gone some distance in one direction1 retracing their steps and trying another4 ,the caravan made a halt1 and it was now decided to journey towards the setting sun1 in hopes of finding once more the right track4 ,night came on1 however1 and they had not found it1 nor had they reached any place where they could fill their water-bottles1 which were empty4 ,once or twice1 some one of the party fancied that he saw in the distance the top of a palm-tree2 but no1 it turned out to be but a little cloud upon the horizon4 ,they had not yet found the old track2 neither had they supplied themselves with water to cool their parched lips4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,always take breath before beginning to read a sentence4 ,if the sentence is a long one1 choose such places for breathing as will not injure the sense4 ,when we are out of breath1 we are likely either to read too fast1 or stop to breathe at such places as to injure the sense4 ,in the first sentence of the second paragraph on page #aja1 we may make slight pauses to take breath after noon and after winds4#jg ,point out breathing-places in the last paragraph on page #ajj4jh 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,syllabify1 accent1 and mark sounds of letters in the following words3 jingling1 nostrils1 farewell4 ,let pupils use other words to express the following3 ,a stout heart4 ,towards the setting sun4 #jg ,see paragraph #bb beginning1 ,there arose one day at noon4444 #jh ,see paragraph #ba beginning1 ,several days were thus passed4444 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xxii4 pro pose'1 offer2 advise4 group1 a number of persons or things together4 grief1 great sorrow2 distress4 draughts 7drafts71 quantities of water taken at one time4 quenched1 satisfied2 put out4 re' cently1 newly2 lately4 flick'er ing1 fluttering2 keeping in motion4 greed'ily1 very eagerly pre'cious1 of great price2 costly4 wea'ry1 very tired4 refresh'ing1 cooling2 reviving4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,ali1 ,,the ,,boy ,,camel-,,driver4 ,,part ,,ii4 ,poor ,ali suffered like the rest from terrible thirst4 ,he drank the last drop of water from his water-bottle1 and thought of the morrow with fear4 ,he was so tired when night came1 he was glad to lie down by the side of ,meek-eye and go to sleep4 ,ali slept1 but before morning1 was awakened by the sound of voices4 ,he listened1 and heard the chief driver tell one of the merchants that1 if they did not find water very soon1 the next day a camel must be killed1 in order to get the water contained in its stomach4 ,this is often done in cases of great need in the desert1 the stomach of the camel being so formed as to hold a great quantity of water4 ,ali was not surprised to hear such a thing spoken of2 but what was his distress and alarm1 when he heard the merchant propose that it should be the boy's camel that should be killed6 ,the merchant said the other camels were of too good a kind1 and of too much value2 while1 as to this young boy1 what business had he to have a camel of his own8 ,it would be better far1 they said1 for him to lose his camel than for him to die1 like the rest1 of thirst4 ,and so it was decided that ,meek-eye should be killed1 unless water were found the next morning4 ,ali slept no more4 ,his heart was full of grief2 but his grief was mixed with courage and resolution4 ,he said to himself that ,meek-eye should not die4 ,his father had trusted him to bring the camel1 and what would he say if he should arrive at ,suez without it8 ,he would try to find his way alone1 and leave the caravan as soon as possible4 ,that night when all was quiet1 and the merchant and camel-driver had gone to sleep1 ,ali arose1 and gently patting the neck of ,meek-eye1 awoke him4 ,he placed his empty bag and water-bottles on his back1 and seating himself on him1 made signs for the creature to rise1 and then suddenly started off4 ,tramp1 tramp1 tramp1 went ,meek-eye over the soft sand4 ,the night was cool and refreshing1 and ,ali felt stronger and braver with every tramp4 ,the stars were shining brightly1 and they were his only guides4 ,he knew the star which was always in the north1 and the one which was in the west after the sun had gone down4 ,he must keep that star to the right1 and he would be sure to be going towards the south4 ,he journeyed on till day began to dawn4 ,the sun came up on the edge of the desert1 and rose higher and higher4 ,ali felt faint1 weary1 and thirsty1 and could scarcely hold himself on to ,meek-eye4 ,when he thought of his father and mother1 he took courage again1 and bore up bravely4 ,the sun was now at its height4 ,ali fancied he saw a palm-tree in the distance4 ,it seemed as if ,meek-eye saw it also1 for he raised his head and quickened his step4 ,it was not long before ,ali found himself at one of those pleasant green islands which are found throughout the desert1 and are called oases4 ,he threw himself from the camel's back1 and hunted out the pool of water that he knew he should find in the midst of the reeds and long grass which grew there4 ,he dipped in his water-bottle and drank1 while ,meek-eye1 lying down1 stretched out his long neck1 and greedily sucked up great draughts of the cool water4 ,how sweet was the sleep which crept over them as they lay down in the shade of the great palm-tree1 now that they had quenched their thirst6 ,refreshed and rested1 ,ali was able to satisfy his hunger on some ripe dates from the palm-tree1 while ,meek-eye began to feed upon the grass and leaves around4 ,ali noticed1 while eating his dates1 that other travelers had been there recently3 as the grass at the side of the pool was trampled down4 ,this greatly cheered him4 ,he quickly followed in their track1 still going in a southerly direction4 ,he kept the setting sun to his right1 and when it had gone down1 he noticed the bright star that had guided him before4 ,he traveled on1 tired and faint with hunger for many a mile1 till at last he saw1 a long way off1 the fires of a caravan which had halted for the night4 ,ali soon came up to them4 ,he got down1 from ,meek-eye1 and leading him by the bridle1 came towards a group of camel-drivers1 who were sitting in a circle4 ,he told them his story1 and asked permission to join the party1 and begged a little rice1 for which he was ready to pay with the piece of money that his mother had given him when he left home4 ,ali was kindly received by them1 and allowed to partake of their supper4 ,the men admired the courage with which he had saved his favorite camel4 ,after supper ,ali soon closed his weary eyes1 and slept soundly by the side of ,meek-eye4 ,in the midst of a pleasant dream1 ,ali was suddenly aroused by the sound of tinkling bells1 and on waking up he saw that another caravan had arrived1 which had come from the south4 ,the merchants sat down to wait until their supper was brought to them1 and a party of camel-drivers drew round the fire near which ,ali had been sleeping4 ,they raked up its ashes1 put on fresh fuel1 and then prepared to boil their rice4 ,what voice was that which roused ,ali just as he was falling asleep again8 ,he listened1 he started to his feet1 he looked about him1 and waited for a flash of flame from the fire to fall on the faces of the camel-drivers who stood around it4 ,it came flickering up at first1 and then all at once blazing out1 flashed upon the camel-driver who stood stooping over it1 and lighted up the face of ,ali's father6 ,the father had waited at ,suez many days1 wondering why ,ali did not come2 and then1 thinking there had been some mistake1 determined to return home with the caravan1 which was starting for ,gaza4 ,we need hardly describe the joy of both father and son at thus meeting1 nor the pleasure with which the father listened to the history of ,ali the fears and dangers to which his young son had been exposed4 ,he was glad1 too1 that their precious ,meek-eye had been saved4 ,there was no one in the whole caravan so happy as ,hassan1 when1 the next morning1 he continued1 his journey to ,gaza in company with ,meek-eye and his beloved son ,ali4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,syllabify1 accent1 and mark sounds of letters in the following words3 suffered1 permission1 partake1 merchants1 beloved4 ,let pupils use other words to express the meaning of what is given below in dark type4 ,ali bore up bravely4 ,meek-eye quickened his step4 ,the sun was now at its height4 ,write statements containing each of the following words1 used in such a manner as to show their proper meaning3 herd1 heard2 need1 knead2 no1 know2 way1 weigh2 knew1 new4 ,make out an analysis of the two lessons1 and use it in telling the story in your own words4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xxiii4 ob served'1 saw2 noticed4 trans par'ent1 clear2 easily seen through4 ma te'ri al1 that of which any thing is made or to be made4 ob tained'1 taken from2 received4 gar'ments1 articles of clothing4 verd'ure1 any green growth4 a dorn'1 dress with taste2 beautify4 par tic'ular1 of an unusual kind4 va ri'e ty1 a number of different kinds4 del'i cate1 gentle2 tender4 ca ressed'1 treated with fondness4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,,queer ,,people4 ,one evening1 as ,captain ,perry was sitting by the fireside at his home in ,liverpool1 his children asked him to tell them a story4 ,illustration ,what shall it be about8 said the captain4 ,o1 said ,harry1 tell us about other countries1 and the curious people you have seen in them4 ,yes1 yes6 exclaimed ,mary4 ,we were much interested1 while you were away the last time1 in reading ',gulliver's ,travels' and ',sindbad the ,sailor4' ,you have seen as wonderful things as they did1 haven't you1 father8 said ,harry4 ,no1 my dears1 said the captain4 ,i never met such wonderful people as they tell about1 ,i assure you2 nor have ,i seen the ',black ,loadstone ,mountain' or the ',valley of ,diamonds4' ,but1 said ,mary1 you have seen a great many people1 and their different manners and ways of living4 ,yes1 said the captain1 and if it will interest you1 ,i will tell you some of the curious things that ,i have observed4 ,pray1 do so6 cried ,harry1 as both the children drew close to him4 ,well1 then1 began the captain1 ,i was once in a country where it was very cold1 and the poor people could scarcely keep themselves from starving4 ,they were clothed partly in the skins of beasts1 made smooth and soft by some particular art2 but chiefly in garments made from the outer covering of an animal cruelly stripped off its back while alive4 ,they lived in houses partly sunk below the ground4 ,these houses were mostly built of stones or of earth hardened by fire4 ,the walls of the houses had holes to let in light2 but to prevent the cold air and rain from coming in1 they were covered with a sort of transparent stone1 made of melted sand4 ,as wood was rather scarce1 they used for fuel a certain kind of stone which they dug out of the earth1 and which1 when put among burning wood1 catches fire and makes a bright flame4 ,dear me6 said ,harry4 ,what a wonderful stone6 ,why didn't you bring a piece home with you1 father8 ,i have a piece1 which ,i will show you some time1 replied the captain4 ,but to go on with my story4 ,what these people eat is remarkable1 too4 ,some of the poor people eat fish which had been hung up and smoked until quite dry and hard1 and along with it they eat the roots of plants1 or coarse1 black cake made of powdered seeds4 ,the rich people have a whiter kind of cake upon which they spread a greasy matter that is obtained from a large animal4 ,they eat also the flesh of many birds and beasts when they can get it1 and the leaves and other parts of a variety of vegetables--some raw and others cooked4 ,for drink they use the water in which certain dry leaves have been steeped4 ,these leaves1 ,i was told1 came from a country a great distance away4 ,i was glad to leave this country because it was so very cold2 but about six months after1 ,i was obliged to go there again4 ,what was my surprise to find that great changes had taken place6 ,the climate was mild and warm1 and the country was full of beauty and verdure4 ,the trees and shrubs bore a great variety of fruits1 which1 with other vegetable products1 were used largely as food4 ,the people were gentle and civilized4 ,their dress was varied4 ,many wore cloth woven from a sort of wool grown in pods on bushes4 ,another singular material was a fine1 glossy stuff used chiefly by the rich people4 ,i was told that it was made out of the webs of caterpillars1 which to me seemed quite wonderful1 as it must have taken a great number of caterpillars to produce the large quantity of the stuff that ,i saw4 ,these people have queer ideas about their dress4 ,the women wear strangely figured garments1 and adorn their heads1 like some ,indian nations1 with feathers and other fanciful head-dresses4 ,one thing surprised me very much4 ,they bring up in their houses an animal of the tiger species1 having the same kind of teeth and claws as the tiger4 ,in spite of the natural fierceness of this little beast1 it is played with and caressed by the most timid and delicate of their women and children4 ,i am sure ,i would not play with it1 said ,harry4 ,you might get an ugly scratch1 if you did1 said the captain4 ,aha6 cried ,mary2 ,i've found you out3 you have been telling us of our country and what is done at home all this while6 ,but we don't burn stones1 or eat grease and powdered seeds1 or wear skins and caterpillars' webs1 or play with tigers1 said ,harry4 ,no8 said the captain4 ,pray1 what is coal but a kind of stone2 and is not butter1 grease2 and wheat1 seeds2 and leather1 skins2 and silk1 the web of a kind of caterpillar2 and may we not as well call a cat an animal of the tiger kind1 as a tiger an animal of the cat kind8 ,so1 if you will remember what ,i have been describing1 you will find that all the other wonderful things that ,i have told you of1 are well known among ourselves4 ,i have told you the story to show that a foreigner might easily represent every thing among us as equally strange and wonderful1 as we could with respect to his country4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,point out breathing-places in the last paragraph4 ,name the emphatic words in the last paragraph4 ,pronounce carefully the following words3 vegetable1 foreigner1 beasts1 products1 across1 again1 also1 apron4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils express the meaning of what is given below in dark type1 using a single word for each example4 ,houses built of earth hardened by fire4 ,the walls have holes to let in the light4 ,they were covered with a sort of transparent stone4 ,they drink water in which dry leaves have been steeped4 ,many wore cloth woven from a sort of wool grown in pods4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xxiv4 lin'net1 a kind of bird4 com pare'1 be equal2 have similar appearance4 wor'ried1 troubled2 anxious4 hum'ble1 meek2 lowly4 mis'chiev ous1 full of mischief2 troublesome4 grub1 dig up by the roots4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,ill-,,natured ,,brier ,little ,miss ,brier came out of the ground1 ,she put out her thorns1 and scratched ev'ry thing 'round4 ,i'll just try1 said she1 ,how bad ,i can be2 ,at pricking and scratching1 there are few can match me4 ,little ,miss ,brier was handsome and bright1 ,her leaves were dark green1 and her flowers pure white2 ,but all who came nigh her ,were so worried by her1 ,they'd go out of their way to keep clear of the ,brier4 ,little ,miss ,brier was looking one day ,at her neighbor1 the ,violet1 over the way2 ,i wonder1 said she1 ,that no one pets me1 ,while all seem so glad little ,violet to see4 ,a sober old ,linnet1 who sat on a tree1 ,heard the speech of the ,brier1 and thus answered he3 ',tis not that she's fair1 ,for you may compare ,in beauty with even ,miss ,violet there2 ,but ,violet is always so pleasant and kind1 ,so gentle in manner1 so humble in mind1 ,e'en the worms at her feet ,she would never ill-treat1 ,and to ,bird1 ,bee1 and ,butterfly always is sweet4 ,then the gardener's wife the pathway came down1 ,and the mischievous ,brier caught hold of her gown2 ,o dear1 what a tear6 ,my gown's spoiled1 ,i declare6 ,that troublesome ,brier6--it has no business there2 ,here1 ,john1 grub it up2 throw it into the fire4 ,and that was the end of the ill-natured ,brier4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,this lesson should be read in a spirited manner4 ,it is suggested to vary the reading exercise by having one pupil read each stanza1 and the class repeat it in concert4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils use other words to express the meaning of what is given below in dark type4 ,there are few can match me4 ,they'd go out of their way to keep clear of the ,brier4 ,supply letters omitted from the following words3 they'd1 gown's1 e'en1 'round4 ,write the words in full4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xxv4 ply1 make regular journeys4 com'merce1 trade between places or peoples4 might'y1 of great power4 trav'erse1 pass over2 cross4 re'al ize1 understand the truth of4 pro pel'1 drive forward4 prop'erty1 any thing that belongs to a person4 or'chards1 numbers of fruit-trees4 im mense'1 very large4 glit'ter ing1 sparkling with light4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,water4 ,it is difficult to realize that nearly three-fourths of the surface of the earth is water2 yet it is a fact4 ,think of the immense space covered by oceans1 seas1 lakes1 and rivers1 and how useful all this water is to mankind4 ,sailing ships and steam-ships traverse the oceans and lakes4 ,steam-boats ply along the rivers1 carrying people and merchandise to and fro1 going sometimes as far as three thousand miles from their starting point4 ,it is by water that men float their rafts of logs or lumber to distant places4 ,water turns the great wheels of many of our mills1 and thus harnessed to mighty machines1 does more work than thousands of men and horses4 ,these machines produce paper1 cloth1 flour1 lumber1 and many other useful articles4 ,when water is heated and turned into steam1 it moves powerful engines4 ,these engines propel our great steam-ships and steam-boats and drive machines of all kinds in mills and factories4 ,many of you have seen water1 clear and cool1 trickling from the rocks in the side of a hill4 ,this water first forms a spring4 ,from this spring1 the water escapes in a tiny stream1 called a rivulet or creek1 and flows along until it enters a river4 ,many springs make many rivulets2 many rivulets make large rivers4 ,rivers sometimes receive such great quantities of water that they overflow their banks1 and destroy much valuable property4 ,this is called a freshet or a flood4 ,many people who live near some of our rivers have lost their houses1 furniture1 and cattle1 which were all swept away by these floods4 ,in the winter of #ahhc1 the ,ohio ,river received so much water from the thousands of rivulets flowing into it1 that it overflowed its banks4 ,the result of this overflow was one of the greatest floods ever known1 and many1 no doubt1 who read this1 were there to see its terrible effects4 ,but where does all this water come from8 you may ask4 ,let me see if ,i can explain it to you4 ,the water in all these rivers1 lakes1 and oceans is constantly rising into the air in what is called moisture or vapor4 ,we can not see this moisture1 neither can we see the air4 ,if the air is cold1 moisture does not rise rapidly2 but1 as the air becomes heated1 it takes up more moisture1 so that the more heat there is in the air1 the more moisture rises4 ,heated air is light1 and rises higher and higher from the ground1 taking the moisture with it1 until it reaches a point where it begins to cool4 ,then as the air cools1 the moisture forms into clouds1 and these clouds are1 in a certain sense1 floating water4 ,floating water6 ,how can water float6 do you ask8 ,well1 ,i will tell you4 ,cold air is heavier than heated air1 and until the clouds become so full of moisture as to return some of it to the earth1 in the shape of rain1 they float because they are lighter than the air underneath them4 ,the winds1 by the flapping of their mighty wings1 drive the clouds over the land to the hills and the mountains and the thirsty fields2 and there they pour their blessings on the farms1 pastures1 orchards1 and the dusty roads and way-side grass1 bringing greenness and gladness every-where4 ,without water nothing would grow2 every thing would dry up and wither4 ,all animals drink water1 for it forms a part of their blood and thus helps to keep them alive4 ,all trees and plants drink it by drawing it through their roots or leaves1 for it helps to form their sap4 ,sometimes on a summer morning you will see drops of clear sparkling water on flowers and grass4 ,to look at them you would think it had rained during the night2 but1 noticing that the ground is dry1 you know that no rain has fallen4 ,what then are these glittering drops of water8 ,where do they come from8 ,i will tell you4 ,these drops are called dew4 ,as night comes on1 the grass and the leaves of flowers and plants become cool4 ,when the warm air touches them1 it becomes chilled1 and as the air can not then carry so much moisture as before1 it leaves some of its moisture on the flowers and grass4 ,a moisture like dew sometimes collects in the house4 ,did you ever observe it in drops on the outside of a pitcher of cold water8 ,some people suppose that the water comes through the pitcher1 but it does not4 ,the water being cold makes the pitcher cold1 and as the warm air of the room strikes it1 a moisture like dew is left on the pitcher1 in the same manner as dew is left on grass1 leaves1 and flowers4 ,in cold weather1 when the dew gathers on plants and flowers1 it sometimes freezes and forms frost1 and when the clouds throw off their moisture in rain drops1 the rain becomes sleet1 hail1 or snow4 ,so you see that dew1 rain1 frost1 sleet1 snow1 and hail are only different forms of water4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xxvi4 treas'ure1 a large quantity of money2 valuable things4 for'mer ly1 in time past2 heretofore4 mod'er ate1 not great2 limited in quantity4 or'phan1 a child whose father and mother are dead4 at tract'ive1 inviting2 having power to draw toward4 em'er y1 a kind of hard1 sharp sand4 ex treme'1 last point or limit4 rub'bish1 things of no value4 fit'tings1 things needed in making an article ready for use4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,hidden ,,treasure4 ,,part ,i4 ,on a pleasant street in the old town of ,fairfield1 stands a neat1 little cottage4 ,this was formerly the home of ,mrs4 ,reed1 an old lady respected by her neighbors and loved by all the young people of the place4 ,there was about ,mrs4 ,reed a kindly manner which pleased all who knew her4 ,although very poor1 she took much interest in her young friends and tried to make them happy4 ,mrs4 ,reed had not always been poor4 ,her husband when alive was supposed to be rich2 but after his death1 it was found that nothing was left to his widow but two small cottages4 ,in one of these cottages1 ,mrs4 ,reed lived2 the other1 she rented4 ,but the rent received was no more than enough to enable her to live with moderate comfort4 ,she had little or nothing left with which to do for others4 ,one cold winter morning1 two persons were talking together in the cozy sitting-room of the cottage4 ,one was ,mrs4 ,reed1 and the other1 ,alice ,brown1 a poor orphan girl1 who lived with some distant relatives in ,fairfield4 ,you are very kind to come to see me so often1 ,alice1 said ,mrs4 ,reed4 ,i wonder why you do2 because there is nothing attractive here4 ,why1 ,mrs4 ,reed6 replied ,alice2 how can you talk so8 are you not here8 do ,i not always receive a kind word and a welcome smile from you8 ,well1 you know ,i love you1 ,alice1 and am always delighted to have you come1 said ,mrs4 ,reed2 ,i am sure that were it in my power to do so1 ,i would have you here all the time4 ,i would like to give you books1 have you attend school1 and do every thing to make you happy4 ,but alas6 ,alice1 you know ,i am too poor to do what ,i wish1 and at times it makes me feel very sad4 ,o1 indeed you are too good1 ,mrs4 ,reed6 ,my greatest pleasure is to come and see you1 and ,i hope you will always love me4 ,i wish ,i could stay here all day2 but you know that the day after to-morrow will be ,christmas1 and ,i must hurry home now1 as auntie wants me to help her prepare for it4 ,so good-by4 ,but1 ,alice1 you will come to see me ,christmas morning1 will you not8 asked ,mrs4 ,reed4 ,yes1 replied ,alice1 for a little while4 ,and with a kiss and another good-by1 she left ,mrs4 ,reed alone4 ,what a dear good girl she is1 said ,mrs4 ,reed to herself1 as she watched ,alice tripping down the street toward her home4 ,she was so good to me last summer when ,i was ill6 and here is ,christmas and ,i have no money with which to buy her a present4 ,o dear1 dear6 why was ,i left so poor6 ,i am sure my husband had some money2 what could he have done with it6 ,mrs4 ,reed sat down in her rocking-chair and for a full half hour looked thoughtfully into the fire4 ,starting up suddenly1 she again exclaimed to herself3 ,i do really believe that if ,i go up into the garret1 ,i can find1 something for a ,christmas present1 that will please ,alice4 ,i remember a curious old box that ,mr4 ,reed had1 that was sent to him from ,india4 ,if ,i can find some bits of ribbon1 and silk1 ,i will line it and make it into a nice little work-box for ,alice4 ,then ,mrs4 ,reed climbed up the narrow stairway into the garret1 and1 after searching some time among the rubbish that lay around in all the nooks and corners1 discovered the box4 ,taking it down-stairs and finding some pieces of silk1 she spent the rest of the day in making it into a work-box4 ,she made a pretty needle-book1 a tiny pincushion1 and an emery bag like a big strawberry4 ,then from her own scanty stock she added needles1 pins1 thread1 and her only pair of small scissors1 scoured to the last extreme of brightness4 ,one thing only she had to buy--a thimble2 and that she bought for a penny4 ,the thimble was of brass and so bright that it was quite as handsome as gold4 ,when full1 the little box was very pretty4 ,in the bottom lay a quilted lining1 which had always been there1 and upon which she had placed the fittings4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,the conversational parts of this lesson may be read as a dialogue by two pupils4 ,which is the most emphatic word in the following sentence8 ,o dear1 dear6 ,why was ,i left so poor6 ,point out the emphatic words in the third paragraph of the lesson4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xxvii4 hand'y1 convenient2 ready for use4 ad join'ing1 next to2 neighboring4 sin cere'ly1 honestly2 truly4 fort'u nate1 favored2 lucky4 act'u al ly1 really2 truly4 suf fi'cient1 enough2 plenty4 carv'ings1 figures cut in wood or stone4 mys'ter y1 something entirely unknown4 thresh'old1 a piece of board which lies under a door4 tile1 a thin piece of baked clay4 ex am'ine1 look at with care4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,hidden ,,treasure4 ,,part ,,ii4 ,christmas morning came1 and soon ,alice ,brown entered ,mrs4 ,reed's cottage and received a warm welcome4 ,merry ,christmas6 ,mrs4 ,reed1 said ,alice4 ,thank you1 my dear1 replied ,mrs4 ,reed2 it will indeed be a ',merry ,christmas' if you can remain with me this forenoon4 ,well1 ,i can stay till dinner-time1 said ,alice4 ,see what a pretty present cousin ,john sent me6 and ,alice held up a new pocket-book4 ,that is very nice1 ,alice1 said ,mrs4 ,reed2 now if you had some one to fill it with money1 it would be better still4 ,yes1 indeed1 cried ,alice1 laughingly2 but as ,i was not so fortunate as to receive any money1 and have none of my own to put in it1 the pocket-book is not likely to be worn out for a long time4 ,well1 well1 ,alice1 replied ,mrs4 ,reed1 it is always handy to have things in the house2 for some time they may be needed4 ,excuse me a moment1 ,alice1 continued ,mrs4 ,reed2 sit down here by the fire and warm yourself4 ,alice took a seat by the fire and warmed her fingers2 for1 although it was a bright sunshiny day1 it was very cold4 ,mrs4 ,reed stepped into the adjoining room1 and with a light heart and an expression on her face that no one had seen for many a day1 took up the little work-box she had prepared for ,alice4 ,returning again to the sitting-room with the box in her hand1 she approached ,alice and said2 ,here1 my dear1 is a little ,christmas present ,i have for you4 ,i sincerely wish it were something better4 ,it will be useful1 ,i know1 and ,i hope it will please you4 ,o how beautiful6 exclaimed ,alice1 as she caught sight of the curious carvings on the outside of the box4 ,and a work-box1 too6 she continued1 as she took it in her hands and lifted the cover2 is it really for me8 ,for no one else1 ,i assure you1 replied ,mrs4 ,reed1 as her face lighted up with joy1 at seeing ,alice so happy4 ,o how can ,i ever thank you enough6 exclaimed ,alice1 as she threw her arms around ,mrs4 ,reed's neck and kissed her again and again4 ,then taking a seat by ,mrs4 ,reed1 ,alice began to examine the contents of the new work-box1 lifting out the articles one by one1 and placing them in her lap4 ,she then admired the beautiful lining which4 ,mrs4 ,reed had put in the box1 asking her where she got such pretty pieces of silk4 ,that piece of silk at the top1 ,alice1 is a bit of my wedding-dress2 and that on the sides1 is a part of my wedding-sash4 ,those remind me of happy days1 ,alice4 ,i had plenty then3 a good husband1 a happy home1 and never thought that ,i should come to poverty4 ,what is this from8 asked ,alice1 touching the silk lining at the bottom of the box4 ,o that was always in the box1 ,alice4 ,it was there when my husband received it1 and must be a piece of ,india silk4 ,is any thing the matter with it8 continued ,mrs4 ,reed1 as she noticed ,alice picking at one corner of it4 ,o nothing is the matter1 replied ,alice2 it only seemed to me to be a little loose4 ,let me look1 said ,mrs4 ,reed4 ,i don't think it can be loose1 or ,i should have seen it when ,i was lining the box4 ,it is actually quite loose1 said ,alice1 as she examined it further1 and picked up one corner with1 a pin2 and here is a little piece of paper underneath it4 ,that is remarkable1 said ,mrs4 ,reed1 as she put on her spectacles and drew up her chair a little closer to ,alice4 ,and there is some writing on it too1 said ,alice1 as she drew it from its hiding-place and handed it to ,mrs4 ,reed4 ,why1 it's my husband's writing6 exclaimed ,mrs4 ,reed1 as she closely examined the faded letters4 ,what can it mean8 ,i never saw it before4 ,read it1 ,alice2 your eyes are younger than mine4 ,alice read3 ',look and ye shall find1' and underneath this1 continued ,alice1 is a picture of a mantel-piece1 and underneath that1 it reads3 ',a word to the wise is sufficient4' ,mrs4 ,reed again took the paper4 ,her hand trembled and her face became a little pale4 ,alice1 said she1 this is a picture of the old tile mantel-piece in the other room4 ,there is some mystery about this4 ,what can it mean8 ,yes1 said ,alice1 the tiles in that mantel have quotations on them4 ,in an instant1 ,alice was on her feet and sprung into the other room1 leaving ,mrs4 ,reed in a state of wonderment4 ,hastily examining the tiles in the mantel1 ,alice cried out3 ,o ,mrs4 ,reed1 do come6 here is a tile with exactly the same words on it6 ,mrs4 ,reed hurried into the room1 and had scarcely passed the threshold1 when the tile fell to the hearth and broke into a dozen pieces4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,point out breathing-places in the last paragraph4 ,pronounce carefully the following words3 fortunate1 adjoining1 clothes1 hearth1 sitting-room1 wedding-dress4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils use other words to express the meaning of the following sentences4 ,alice received a warm welcome4 ,mrs4 ,reed stepped into the adjoining room with a light heart4 ,her face lighted up with joy4 ,those things remind me of happy days4 ,a word1 to the wise is sufficient4 ,change the statements given above to questions4 ,change the following exclamations to complete statements4 ,do come6 ,let me look6 ,read it1 ,alice6 ,model4--,see my pocket-book6 ,i wish you would look at my pocket-book4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xxviii4 be fall'en1 happened to4 thrust1 move suddenly or with force4 mis hap'1 something which has occurred to cause pain or sorrow4 ex cit'ed ly1 in a very earnest manner4 min'gled1 joined closely2 united4 le'gal ly1 as the law requires4 a bun'dant1 beyond one's need2 plentiful4 com'fort a ble1 having everything needed to keep one from pain or want4 re la'tions1 the feelings or acts of people toward each other4 charm'ing1 very pleasant4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,hidden ,,treasure4 ,,part ,,iii4 ,o what have ,i done6 what have ,i done6 cried ,alice4 ,o ,mrs4 ,reed1 ,i'm so sorry--,i have broken the tile6 ,how did it happen1 ,alice8 ,was it loose8 ,why yes1 replied ,alice2 ,i put my hand on it1 and thought it appeared to move a little4 ,having my scissors with1 me1 ,i1 through curiosity1 ran the points in between that tile and the next one4 ,never mind1 child1 said ,mrs4 ,reed kindly1 seeing that ,alice was feeling sad over the mishap2 perhaps the tile can be mended--let us see4 ,as they both stooped down to pick up the pieces1 ,alice noticed that there was a hollow space back of where the tile had been1 and that it contained something of a dingy white color4 ,o ,mrs4 ,reed6 cried she2 there is something in there6 ,see1 it looks like a bag tied up6 ,may ,i take it out8 ,mrs4 ,reed turned deadly pale4 ,yes1 she replied1 scarcely knowing what she expected or dared hope4 ,alice thrust her hand into the hole to pull the hag out1 but as it was very old1 it fell apart1 and ,o wonder of wonders6 as many as a hundred pieces of gold coin fell with a jingle on the hearth and rolled every way4 ,my husband's money6 exclaimed ,mrs4 ,reed1 as she leaned on ,alice to keep from falling4 ,alice was nearly wild and talked like a crazy person4 ,o goody1 goody6 she cried1 clapping her hands and jumping up and down4 ,now you can have everything you want6 you won't be poor any longer6 ,but ,mrs4 ,reed was too much overcome to hear what ,alice said4 ,illustration ,she could scarcely realize the good fortune that had so suddenly befallen her4 ,presently1 however1 with the tenderness of a mother1 she placed her arms around ,alice and said3 ,o you precious child6 but for you1 ,i should never have known this6 ,and if you had not given me the work-box1 said ,alice1 perhaps no one would ever have found it out4 ,but1 continued she1 excitedly1 let us see if there is any thing more in there4 ,again reaching into the hole in the mantel-piece1 she sprung back with a look of amazement that frightened ,mrs4 ,reed4 ,why1 ,alice1 what is the matter8 inquired the old lady4 ,matter6 exclaimed ,alice4 ,why1 dear me6 ,mrs4 ,reed1 there are lots and lots of bags in there yet6 ,is it possible6 said ,mrs4 ,reed hoarsely4 ,then reaching her hand into the hole1 she drew out bag after bag1 handling them very carefully1 so that they would not fall to pieces as the first one had done4 ,in the meantime ,alice had pushed a table up near the fire-place4 ,the bags were emptied upon it1 until the glittering gold made a heap that struck ,mrs4 ,reed and ,alice with greater amazement than ever4 ,alice1 said ,mrs4 ,reed1 this is a blessing from ,heaven that ,i do not deserve4 ,i can not tell you how thankful ,i am for it4 ,my happiness now will be in doing for others4 ,alice said nothing2 her heart was too full4 ,a look of sadness came over her face4 ,she was wondering whether ,mrs4 ,reed would continue to love her1 and thinking1 with a mingled feeling of fear and dread1 that now her friend was rich1 perhaps she1 the poor orphan girl1 might not be so welcome at the cottage as before4 ,mrs4 ,reed seemed to understand somewhat the nature of ,alice's thoughts4 ,cheer up1 ,alice1 said she2 this is not a time to be sad6 ,come1 help me put away this gold4 ,by the way1 ,alice1 now is the time to use your pocket-book2 you know ,i told you it was handy to have things in the house1 they might be needed1 she continued1 smilingly4 ,why1 certainly1 ,mrs4 ,reed2 do you want to borrow my pocket-book8 here it is4 ,yes1 my dear1 replied ,mrs4 ,reed1 ,i shall want a new one myself1 and ,i want to see yours4 ,i wonder how many pieces of gold it will hold4 ,then ,mrs4 ,reed crammed the pocket-book full of gold pieces4 ,there6 said she1 handing it to ,alice2 that is the ,christmas present ,i wanted to give you this morning1 but did not have it4 ,what6 this for me6 ,o no1 no6 ,i do not deserve it6 cried ,alice4 ,but you must take it1 ,alice1 and listen2 for ,i have something to tell you4 ,i want you to be my daughter now4 ,i will have abundant means to make both of us comfortable and happy4 ,o ,mrs4 ,reed1 said ,alice1 bursting into tears2 ,i would love to be your daughter1 nothing could make me happier4 ,in a very short time every thing was changed in the little cottage4 ,mrs4 ,reed had legally adopted ,alice as her daughter and was sending her to school4 ,fresh paint1 inside and out1 and many new comforts1 made the old house charming and bright4 ,but nothing could change the happy relations between the two friends1 and a more contented and cheerful household could not be found anywhere4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,tell the story in your own words1 using the points given in the following ,analysis4--#a4 ,mrs4 ,reed's home4 #b4 ,her talk with ,alice4 #c4 ,mrs4 ,reed prepares a present for ,alice4 #d4 ,alice receives the work-box4 #e4 ,what was found in it4 #f4 ,the broken tile and the discovery of the money4 #g4 ,what happened after that4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xxix4 dells1 small valleys4 bow'ers1 covered places made of boughs4 troupe1 a number of living beings2 a company4 daf'fo dils1 yellow flowers4 sheen1 brightness2 splendor4 sprite1 an unreal person4 sus pend'ed1 stopped for a time2 hung4 va'ries1 is different2 changes4 blue'bell1 a kind of flower4 ram'bling1 wandering4 rev'el1 play in a noisy manner4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,looking ,,for ,,the ,,fairies4 ,i've peeped in many a bluebell1 ,and crept among the flowers1 ,and hunted in the acorn cups1 ,and in the woodland bowers2 ,and shook the yellow daffodils1 ,and searched the gardens round1 ,a-looking for the little folk ,i never1 never found4 ,i've linger'd till the setting sun ,threw out a golden sheen1 ,in hope to see a fairy troupe ,come dancing on the green2 ,and marveled that they did not come ,to revel in the air1 ,and wondered if they slept1 and where ,their hiding-places were4 ,i've wandered with a timid step ,beneath the moon's pale light1 ,and every blazing dew-drop seemed ,to be a tiny sprite2 ,and listened with suspended breath1 ,among the grand1 old trees1 ,for fairy music floating soft ,upon the evening breeze4 ,ah me6 those pleasant1 sunny days1 ,in youthful fancies wild1-- ,rambling through the wooded dells1 ,a careless1 happy child6 ,and now ,i sit and sigh to think ,age from childhood varies1 ,and never more may we be found ,looking for the fairies4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,which one of the stanzas should be read more slowly than the others8 ,point out the emphatic words in the last four lines of the lesson4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,which lines in each stanza end in similar sounds8 ,let pupils explain the meaning of what is given below in dark type4 ,i've hunted in the acorn cups4 ,i've wandered with a timid step4 ,age from childhood varies4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xxx4 poi'son ous1 likely to do great harm or injury4 sep'a rate1 apart from other things4 con di'tion1 state2 situation4 nec'es sa ry1 really needed4 dis a gree'a ble1 very unpleasant4 sen'si ble1 wise2 knowing what is proper4 ac cus'tomed1 being used to4 es pe'cial ly1 more than usual4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,air4 ,we all know very well that we can not live without breathing4 ,what we do not all know1 or do not all think of1 is that we want not only air1 but good air4 ,we are apt to take it for granted that any air will do for us2 stale air1 dirty air1 even poisonous air4 ,what makes the matter worse is1 that we can not help spoiling air ourselves by the very act of breathing4 ,if people are shut up in rooms where the bad air can not get out and the good air can not get in at all1 they are sure to be made ill4 ,some people in ,scotland thought they would have a merry ,christmas party1 and invited their friends to come to a dance4 ,as it was very cold weather1 they shut all the doors and windows tight1 and then they began to dance4 ,it was a small room with a low ceiling1 and there were thirty-six people dancing in it all night4 ,by the time morning came the air was so bad that it was really like poison2 and very soon seven of the poor dancers were seized with a terrible fever1 and two of them actually died4 ,the air we breathe out is different from the air we take in4 ,we send away some things with our breath which were not in the air when we took it in4 ,one of these is water4 ,sometimes you can see this for yourself4 ,on a cold1 frosty day1 you know we can see the clouds of steam coming out of our mouths4 ,this steam is only very fine particles of water4 ,in warm weather we do not see the steam1 but the water is there all the same2 if you will breathe on a looking-glass at any time1 you will make it dim and damp directly with the water that is contained in your breath4 ,we also breathe out animal matter1 little particles of our own bodies just ready to decay4 ,we can not see them1 but they soon give the air a close1 disagreeable smell4 ,good air has no smell at all4 ,and now ,i have something to say to you about the use of noses4 ,i dare say you can not see much use in the sense of smell4 ,seeing1 hearing1 touching1 are very needful to us1 we all know2 but as to smelling1 that does not seem to have any particular value4 ,it is pleasant to smell a sweet rose or violet2 and1 ,i believe1 smelling really forms a good part of what we call tasting4 ,of all our senses1 smell is the one that soonest gets out of practice4 ,if people would always accustom themselves to use their noses1 they never would consent to live in the horrid air they do4 ,if you go from the fresh air into a close room1 you will notice the smell at once4 ,then1 if you remain there1 you will soon get accustomed to the smell and not notice it2 but it will still be there1 and will be doing you a great deal of harm4 ,in good air there are1 mainly1 two sorts of gas4 ,the first is a very lively sort of gas1 called oxygen2 it is very fond of joining itself with other things1 and burning them1 and things burn very fast indeed in oxygen4 ,the second is a very slow1 dull gas1 called nitrogen2 and nothing will burn in it at all4 ,pure oxygen would be too active for us to live in1 so it is mixed with nitrogen4 ,when we breathe1 the air goes down into our lungs1 which are something like sponges1 inside our chests4 ,these sponges have in them an immense quantity of little blood-vessels1 and great numbers of little air-vessels2 so that the blood almost touches the air2 there is only a very1 very thin skin between them4 ,through that skin1 the blood sends away the waste and useless things it has collected from all parts of the body1 and takes in the fresh oxygen which the body wants4 ,you have often heard man's life compared to a candle4 ,i will show you some ways in which they are much alike4 ,when a candle or lamp burns1 if we keep it from getting any new air1 it soon uses all the lively gas1 or oxygen1 and then it goes out4 ,this is easily shown by placing a glass jar over a lighted candle4 ,if the candle gets only a little fresh air1 it burns dim and weak4 ,if we get only a little fresh air1 we are sickly and weak4 ,the candle makes another kind of gas4 ,it is called carbonic acid gas1 which1 is unhealthy and not fit for breathing4 ,the heat of our bodies also makes this gas1 and we throw it off in our breath4 ,oxygen and carbon1 in a separate condition1 make up a good part of our flesh1 blood1 and bones2 but when they are joined together1 and make carbonic acid gas1 they are of no further use to us4 ,you might go to a store and buy sand and sugar2 but if they became mixed together as you brought them home1 you would not be able to use either one of them1 unless some clever fairy could pick them apart for you4 ,you see now one great way of spoiling the air4 ,how are we to get rid of this bad air1 and obtain fresh air1 without being too cold8 ,in summer time this is quite simple1 but in winter it is more difficult2 because it is a very bad thing to be cold1 and a thin1 cold draught of air is especially bad4 ,the bad air loaded with carbonic acid gas1 when we first breathe it out1 is warm4 ,warm gases are much lighter than cold ones1 therefore the bad air at first goes up to the ceiling4 ,if there is an opening near the top of the room1 the bad air goes out2 but if there is no opening1 it by and by grows cold and heavy1 and comes down again4 ,then we have to breathe it4 ,if you open the window at the top1 it will let out the bad air1 and you will not feel a draught4 ,it is not often so very cold that you cannot bear the window open1 even a little way from the top1 and that is the best way of airing a room4 ,this is just as necessary by night as by day4 ,people who shut in the bad air1 and shut out the good air1 all night long1 can never expect to awake refreshed1 feeling better for their sleep4 ,what becomes of the carbonic acid gas which the body throws off through our breath8 ,can any thing pick the carbon and oxygen in it apart1 and make them fit for us to use again8 ,yes4 ,every plant1 every green leaf1 every blade of grass1 does that for us4 ,when the sun shines on them1 they pick the carbon out and send back the oxygen for us to breathe4 ,they keep the carbon and make that fit for us and animals to eat4 ,the grass makes the carbon fit for sheep and cows1 and then we eat their flesh or drink their milk2 and the corn makes the carbon fit to eat2 so do potatoes1 and all the other vegetables and fruits which we eat4 ,is not this a wonderful arrangement8 ,but perhaps you think1 considering what an amazing number of people there are in the world1 besides all the animals--for all creatures that breathe1 spoil the air just as we do--there can hardly be trees and plants enough to set all the air right again4 ,round about cities and large towns there are certainly more people than there are trees1 but in many other parts of the world there are a great many more trees than there are people4 ,i have heard of forests in ,south ,america so thick and so large1 that the monkeys might run along the tops of the trees for a hundred miles4 ,so you see there are plenty of trees in the world to do the work4 ,but then1 how does all the bad air leave the towns and cities where men live1 and get to the forests and meadows8 ,the air is constantly moving about2 rising and falling1 sweeping this way or that way1 and traveling from place to place4 ,not only the little particles out of our breath1 but any thing that gives the air any smell1 does it some harm4 ,even nice smells1 like those of roses1 are unhealthy1 if shut up in a room for some time4 ,dirty walls1 ceilings1 and floors give the air a musty1 close1 smell2 so do dirty clothes1 muddy boots1 cooking1 and washing4 ,some of these ought not to be in the house at all2 others remind us to open our windows wide4 ,all the things ,i have been saying to you about pure air1 apply still more to sick people than to healthy ones4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,read the following sentences carefully1 and avoid running the words together4 ,the goodair can not getin atall4 ,we areapt to takeit for granted4 ,itis sure to make themill4 ,point out three other places in the lesson where similar errors are likely to occur4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,add ment to each of the following words1 and then give the meaning of the words so formed4 arrange move settle encourage 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xxxi4 dis tinct'ly1 clearly2 plainly4 a roused'1 wakened4 re ced'ing1 going backward or away from vig'i lant1 watchful2 careful4 ex haust'ed1 tired out with work4 pre ced'ing1 going before4 fort'night1 two weeks' time4 con vul'sive1 irregular in movement4 tar'ried1 delayed2 remained4 grad'u al ly1 step by step2 slowly4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,,timely ,,rescue4 ,it was in the month of ,february1 #ahca1 a bright moonlight night1 and extremely cold1 that the little brig ,i commanded lay quietly at her anchors inside the bay4 ,we had had a hard time of it1 beating about for eleven days1 with cutting north-easters blowing1 and snow and sleet falling for the greater part of the time4 ,when at length we made the port1 all hands were almost exhausted1 and we could not have held out two days longer without relief4 ,a bitter cold night1 ,mr4 ,larkin1 ,i said to my mate1 as ,i tarried for a moment on deck to finish my pipe4 ,the tide is running out swift and strong2 it will be well to keep a sharp look-out for this floating ice1 ,mr4 ,larkin4 ,ay1 ay1 sir1 answered the mate1 and ,i went below4 ,two hours afterwards ,i was aroused from a sound sleep by the vigilant officer4 ,excuse me for disturbing you1 captain1 said he1 as he detected an expression of vexation on my face2 but ,i wish you would turn out1 and come on deck as soon as possible4 ,why--what's the matter1 ,mr4 ,larkin8 ,why1 sir1 ,i have been watching a cake of ice that swept by at a little distance a moment ago2 ,i saw something black upon it--something that ,i thought moved4 ,we were on deck before either spoke another word4 ,the mate pointed out1 with no little difficulty1 the cake of ice floating off to leeward1 and its white1 glittering surface was broken by a black spot4 ,get me a spy-glass1 ,mr4 ,larkin--the moon will be out of that cloud in a moment1 and then we can see distinctly4 ,i kept my eye on the receding mass of ice1 while the moon was slowly working its way through a heavy bank of clouds4 ,the mate stood by with a spy-glass4 ,when the full light fell at last upon the water1 ,i put the glass to my eye4 ,one glance was enough44 ,forward1 there6 ,i shouted at the top of my voice2 and with1 one bound ,i readied the main hatch1 and began to clear away the ship's cutter4 ,mr4 ,larkin had received the glass from my hand to take a look for himself4 ,o1 pitiful sight6 he said in a whisper1 as he set to work to aid me in getting out the boat2 there are two children on that cake of ice6 ,in a very short space of time we launched the cutter1 into which ,mr4 ,larkin and myself jumped1 followed by two men1 who took the oars4 ,i held the tiller1 and the mate sat beside me4 ,do you see that cake of ice with something black upon it1 lads8 ,i cried2 put me alongside of that1 and ,i will give you a month's extra wages when you are paid off4 ,the men were worn out by the hard duty of the preceding fortnight2 and1 though they did their best1 the boat made little more way than the tide4 ,this was a long chase2 and ,mr4 ,larkin1 who was suffering as he saw how little we gained1 cried out-- ,pull1 lads--,i'll double the captain's prize4 ,pull1 lads1 for the sake of mercy1 pull6 ,a convulsive effort at the oars told how willing the men were to obey1 but their strength was gone4 ,one of the poor fellows splashed us twice in recovering his oar1 and then gave out2 the other was nearly as far gone4 ,mr4 ,larkin sprung forward and seized the deserted oar4 ,lie down in the bottom of the boat1 said he to the man2 and1 captain1 take the other oar2 we must row for ourselves4 ,i took the second man's place4 ,larkin had stripped to his ,guernsey shirt2 as he pulled the bow ,i waited the signal stroke4 ,it came gently1 but firmly2 and the next moment we were pulling a long1 steady stroke1 gradually increasing in rapidity until the wood seemed to smoke in the oar-locks4 ,we kept time with each other by our long1 deep breathing4 ,such a pull6 ,at every stroke the boat shot ahead like an arrow4 ,thus we worked at the oars for fifteen minutes--it seemed to me as many hours4 ,have we almost come to it1 ,mr4 ,larkin8 ,i asked4 ,almost1 captain1--don't give up3 for the love of our dear little ones at home1 don't give up1 captain1 replied ,larkin4 ,the oars flashed as the blades turned up to the moonlight4 ,the men who plied them were fathers1 and had fathers' hearts2 the strength which nerved them at that moment was more than human4 ,suddenly ,mr4 ,larkin stopped pulling1 and my heart for a moment almost ceased its beating2 for the terrible thought that he had given out crossed my mind4 ,but ,i was quickly reassured by his saying-- ,gently1 captain1 gently--a stroke or two more--there1 that will do--and the next moment the boat's side came in contact with something4 ,larkin sprung from the boat upon the ice4 ,i started up1 and1 calling upon the men to make fast the boat to the ice1 followed4 ,we ran to the dark spot in the centre of the mass1 and found two little boys--the head of the smaller nestling in the bosom of the larger4 ,both were fast asleep6 ,they were benumbed with cold1 and would surely have frozen to death1 but for our timely rescue4 ,mr4 ,larkin grasped one of the lads1 cut off his shoes1 tore off his jacket2 and then1 loosening his own garments to the skin1 placed the chilled child in contact with his own warm body1 carefully wrapping over him his great-coat4 ,i did the same with the other child2 and we then returned to the boat2 and the men having partly recovered1 pulled slowly back4 ,the children1 as we learned when we afterwards had the delight of returning them to their parents1 were playing on the ice1 and had ventured on the cake4 ,a movement of the tide set the ice in motion1 and the little fellows were borne away on that cold night1 and would certainly have perished1 had not ,mr4 ,larkin seen them as the ice was sweeping out to sea4 ,how do you feel8 ,i said to the mate1 the next morning after this adventure4 ,a little stiff in the arms1 captain1 the noble fellow replied1 while the big tears of grateful happiness gushed from his eyes--a little stiff in the arms1 captain1 but very easy here1 and he laid his hand on his manly heart4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,change the following commands to statements4 ,take the other oar4 ,don't give up6 ,give the meaning of the word lads in the third and fourth lines of page #aeb1 and in the fourth line of page #aed4ji ,make out an analysis of the lesson1 and use it in telling the story in your own words4 #ji ,see ,lesson ,,xxxi4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xxxii4 re'gion1 place2 space4 furze1 a thorny shrub with yellow flowers4 list'eth1 wishes2 pleases4 mirth1 joy2 fun4 boon1 gay2 merry4 shaft1 an arrow2 the stem of an arrow4 up borne'1 held or borne up4 crest'ing1 touching the tops of4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,birds ,,in ,,summer4 ,how pleasant the life of a bird must be1 ,flitting about in each leafy tree2-- ,in the leafy trees so broad and tall1 ,like a green and beautiful palace hall1 ,with its airy chambers1 light and boon1 ,that open to sun1 and stars1 and moon2 ,that open unto the bright blue sky1 ,and the frolicsome winds1 as they wander by6 ,illustration ,they have left their nests in the forest bough2 ,those homes of delight they need not now2 ,and the young and old they wander out1 ,and traverse their green world round about2 ,and hark6 at the top of this leafy hall1 ,how1 one to the other1 they lovingly call3 ,come up1 come up6 they seem to say1 ,where the topmost twigs in the breezes play6 ,come up1 come up1 for the world is fair1 ,where the merry leaves dance in the summer air6 ,and the birds below give back the cry1 ,we come1 we come to the branches high6 ,how pleasant the life of the birds must be1 ,living in love in a leafy tree2 ,and away through the air what joy to go1 ,and to look on the green1 bright earth below6 ,how pleasant the life of a bird must be1 ,skimming about on the breezy sea1 ,cresting the billows like silvery foam1 ,and then wheeling away to its cliff-built home6 ,what joy it must be to sail1 upborne ,by a strong1 free wing1 through the rosy morn1 ,to meet the young sun1 face to face1 ,and pierce1 like a shaft1 the boundless space6 ,how pleasant the life of a bird must be1 ,wherever it listeth there to flee3 ,to go1 when a joyful fancy calls1 ,dashing down1 'mong the waterfalls2 ,then wheeling about1 with its mates at play1 ,above and below1 and among the spray1 ,hither and thither1 with screams as wild ,as the laughing mirth of a rosy child6 ,what a joy it must be1 like a living breeze1 ,to flutter among the flowering trees2 ,lightly to soar1 and to see beneath1 ,the wastes of the blossoming purple heath1 ,and the yellow furze1 like fields of gold1 ,that gladden some fairy region old4 ,on mountain tops1 on the billowy sea1 ,on the leafy stems of the forest tree1 ,how pleasant the life of a bird must be6 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,the words of the first line of the poem1 when repeated on pages #aeg and #aeh1 should be slightly emphasized4#aj ,point out the lines on page #aeg which would be joined in reading4 ,let the class read one or more stanzas of the poem in concert4 #aj ,this lesson1 ,lesson ,,xxxii4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xxxiii4 stroll'ing1 wandering on foot4 quaint1 unusual2 curious looking4 con sult'ed1 asked advice of4 roy'al1 belonging to a king or a queen4 en ter tain'1 receive and care for4 court'esy1 politeness of manners4 bod'ice1 an article of clothing4 loy'al ty1 love of one's country or ruler4 a miss'1 out of the way2 wrong4 tri'fles1 articles small in size or value4 mut'tered1 said in a low voice4 ad mis'sion1 permission to enter4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,true ,,courtesy4 ,,part ,i4 ,prince ,george1 the husband of ,queen ,anne of ,england1 one time visited the town of ,bristol1 having with him as a companion1 an officer of his household4 ,while strolling about the town1 looking at the people and the quaint old buildings1 they stepped into the ,exchange1 where all the great merchants of the town had come together doing business4 ,prince ,george walked about1 talking quite freely1 first to one and then to another4 ,as the towns-people had not expected him1 no preparation had been made to receive him with honor2 and the merchants stood in little groups1 and consulted together with1 a look of anxiety upon their faces4 ,what is to be done8 asked one4 ,i do not know1 replied another4 ,if his ,royal ,highness does not give us notice of his coming1 how can we entertain him in a proper manner8 ,would it be well to ask him to come to one of our homes8 inquired a third4 ,no1 no6 cried another4 ,we could not ask him to partake of our humble fare1 or even come to our homes1 after the splendor to which he has been accustomed4 ,for my part1 ,i shall go home to dinner4 ,and ,i also1 said the first one4 ,i do not care to remain here1 and stare at the ,prince1 when we have nothing to offer4 ,then one by one1 the merchants slipped away1 afraid or ashamed to ask the great ,prince to their homes4 ,prince ,george and the officer wondered at seeing the merchants disappear4 ,at last there was but one man left1 and as he walked toward the ,prince1 he bowed low1 and said-- ,excuse me1 sir2 are you the husband of our ,queen ,anne1 as folks here say you are8 ,yes1 ,i am1 was the answer2 and have come for a few hours to see the sights of the good town of ,bristol4 ,sir1 said the man1 ,i have seen with much distress that none of our great merchants have invited you to their homes4 ,think not1 sir1 that it is because they are wanting in love and loyalty4 ,they doubtless were all afraid to ask one so high as yourself to dine with them4 ,i am one ,john ,duddlestone1 sir1 only a bodice-maker1 and ,i pray you not to take it amiss if ,i ask you and the gentleman who is with1 you1 to come to my humble home1 where you will be most welcome4 ,indeed1 answered the ,prince1 laughing1 ,i am only too delighted to accept your kind invitation1 and ,i thank you for it very heartily4 ,if you lead the way1 we will follow at once4 ,so ,prince ,george1 the officer1 and ,duddlestone1 passed out of the ,exchange together4 ,ours is but humble fare1 said ,duddlestone2 for1 sir1 ,i can offer you only roast beef and plum-pudding4 ,very good1 very good indeed6 exclaimed the ,prince2 it is food to which ,i bring a hearty appetite4 ,they stopped before a small house4 ,john pulled the latch1 and1 walking in1 looked for his wife2 but she was upstairs4 ,here1 wife1 wife6 he called in a loud whisper1 as he put his head up the narrow staircase2 put on a clean apron1 and make haste and come down1 for the ,queen's husband and a soldier-gentleman have come to dine with1 us4 ,as you may think1 ,mrs4 ,duddlestone was strangely surprised at the news2 but she did not become excited2 she very seldom did1 ,i believe4 ,ay1 ay6 she called4 ,i'm coming2 and then muttered1 ,the ,queen's husband6 the ,queen's husband6 ,sure1 that can never be--however1 ,i'll go down and see4 ,she ran to her closet1 and pulled out a nice1 clean apron and cap1 and tied1 the one round her waist1 and the other round her comely face1 saying all the time1 ,dear me1 dear me1 to think of it6 and away she ran down stairs1 where stood her husband and the two gentlemen4 ,the good woman bowed low1 first to one and then to the other4 ,indeed1 but ,i'm proud1 she said1 turning to ,prince ,george1 to welcome you to our home4 ',tis but poor and humble1 but we shall think more of it after this4 ,i'll hurry and get dinner at once4 ,i dare say you are hungry1 gentlemen4 ,prince ,george laughed gayly1 as he thanked her for her kind welcome1 and sat down4 ,the table was soon spread1 and the ,prince ate well1 and appeared to enjoy himself so much1 that ,mrs4 ,duddlestone could scarcely believe he had always been accustomed to lords and ladies and footmen1 and had never before sat down in such an humble way4 ,prince ,george inquired about their business and pleasures4 ,do you never come up to ,london8 he asked2 ,i think you would find it worth your while to take a holiday some time1 and see the great city4 ,ah well1 said ,mrs4 ,duddlestone1 if that is not just the thing ,i long for4 ,i've never been yet1 nor am ,i likely to go1 but ,john has been once or twice4 ,and why1 ,john1 have you never taken your wife as well1 to see the great sights8 ,well1 to say the truth1 answered ,john1 ,i do not go to see the sights2 for though ,i've been two or three times1 ,i don't think ,i've seen any4 ,i must needs go sometimes to buy whalebone1 and other trifles which ,i must have for my business here4 ,so ,i just go and come back1 and meddle with none4 ,well1 well1 said the ,prince1 the next time you come to ,london1 you must bring your wife with you1 and pay me a visit4 ,mrs4 ,duddlestone clasped her fat little hands with delight4 ,and shall ,i see the ,queen8 she exclaimed4 ,and see both the ,queen and myself1 answered the ,prince4 ,come1 ,john1 say you will do so6 ,surely1 sir1 said ,john1 ,i should like to give the good woman a bit of pleasure in that way1 but your grand servants would shut the doors before us1 and never let us in1 perhaps4 ,i can soon set that right6 and taking a card from his pocket1 ,prince ,george wrote a few words on it1 and gave it to them4 ,that will gain you ready admission1 he said1 and now ,i must leave you4 ,next time we meet1 ,i shall entertain and care for you4 ,for the present1 ,i thank you for your kind welcome and good dinner1 which ,i have heartily enjoyed4 ,then rising1 he and the officer bade farewell to the good people and took their leave4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson--,let pupils use other words to express what is given below in dark type4 ,i must needs go4 ,indeed1 but ,i'm proud4 ,ours is but humble fare4 ,he pulled the latch4 ,so ,i meddle with none4 ,to see the great sights4 ,notes4--,queen ,anne ruled over ,england from #agjb to #agad4 ,royal ,highness is a title belonging to all persons in a royal family4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xxxiv4 de sired'1 asked2 expressed a wish4 as sem'bled1 come together4 in tro duce'1 make known4 sum'moned1 called4 knight1 a man of noble position4 grat'i tude1 thankfulness4 el'e gant1 beautiful2 handsome4 pos sess'ing1 having2 holding4 dis play'1 a grand show4 e vent'1 anything that takes place4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,true ,,courtesy4 ,,part ,,ii4 ,it was some weeks later that ,john ,duddlestone found his stock of whalebone was growing low4 ,wife1 said he1 the whalebone's nearly gone1 and ,i must have some more at once4 ,surely1 ,john1 ,i know well it's nearly gone6 she answered4 ,haven't ,i watched every bit as you've used it8 and haven't ,i pretty near cried to see it go so slowly8 ,pooh6 you foolish woman6 he cried4 ,but1 ,john1 you'll take me1 and go to see the ,king and ,queen8 she inquired4 ,why1 you silly woman1 do you think ,i should leave you behind1 when ,i know you're nearly crazed to go8 ,o ,john1 ,john1 you dear1 good man6 ,i've mended all my dresses1 and made myself trim and neat4 ,i've seen to your coats2 and all's done2 and ,i feel as if ,i could scarcely live till ,i see the ,queen4 ,you'd best keep alive1 said her husband2 and if all goes well we'll start by the coach on ,monday4 ,monday was as lovely a day as heart could wish2 and ,john and his wife walked down the ,bristol streets to the public-house from which the coach was to start4 ,it was a great event in ,mrs4 ,duddlestone's life1 for she had never been beyond her own town1 except for a drive into the country in a neighbor's cart4 ,they were quiet people2 but it had got about the town1 that they were going to ,london to visit the ,queen1 and numbers came out to see them go4 ,perhaps some of the great merchants wished they had been simple and humble enough to offer to entertain ,prince ,george when he had visited their town4 ,they journeyed straight to ,london1 where ,john bought his whalebone1 and then found their way to ,st4 ,james' ,palace1 where1 presenting the ,prince's card1 they gained ready admittance4 ,they were shown into a room1 more beautiful than any that they had ever seen4 ,very shortly the door opened1 and the well-remembered face of their guest appeared4 ,almost before he had greeted them1 a quiet-looking lady followed him1 and came smilingly to greet them4 ,this is the ,queen1 said ,prince ,george2 and then1 turning to her1 he added1 ,these are the good people who showed me such kindness in ,bristol4 ,the ,queen was so gentle and courteous that neither ,john nor his wife felt confused in her presence4 ,she talked kindly to them1 asking after their trade1 and how they had fared in their journey4 ,she then asked them to dine with her that evening1 and said dresses would be provided for them1 so that they should not feel strange by seeing that they were dressed differently from all her other guests4 ,she then called an attendant1 and desired that refreshment should be given them1 and that they should be well cared for1 and shown all that might interest them until dinner time4 ,it was a long1 wonderful day to them1 as they walked about from place to place4 ,before dinner they were taken to the room that was prepared for them1 and there they found elegant court dresses of purple velvet ready to put on4 ,surely1 ,john1 they can not be for us6 cried ,mrs4 ,duddlestone4 ,yes1 but they must be6 ,did not the ,queen say she would give us dresses8 and do not these dresses look as if they had been given by a queen8 ,john1 ,i shall feel very strange before all the grand ladies6 ,then you need not1 wife1 for the ,queen and ,prince will be there2 and the others will not trouble you2 but this is a queer dress4 ,it's like being somebody else4 ,and very queer they felt1 as for the first time they walked down the grand stairs1 in such1 splendid dresses1 to dine at the ,queen's table1 with the ,queen's servants to wait on them4 ,you must go first1 ,john1 said his wife1 for shyness came over her4 ,be not so foolish1 wife1 whispered ,john2 and1 though feeling rather awkward in his new dress1 he walked simply forward1 as he might have done in a friend's house4 ,the ,queen met them at the door1 and1 turning to her other guests1 who were assembled1 she said1 ,gentlemen1 ,i have to introduce to you1 with great pleasure1 the most loyal people in the town of ,bristol4 ,at these words they all rose and bowed low1 while ,john and his wife did the same1 and then sat down1 and ate a good dinner4 ,after the dinner was over1 the ,prince summoned ,john ,duddlestone to the ,queen4 ,at her command ,john knelt before her1 and she laid a sword lightly on his shoulder1 with the words1 ,rise up1 ,sir ,john ,duddlestone2 and the simple1 kind-hearted bodice-maker of ,bristol rose up a knight4 ,his wife stood by1 watching with eagerness1 and could hardly believe that from plain ,mistress ,duddlestone she had become ,lady ,duddlestone4 ,she would1 have been very proud if the ,queen had laid the sword upon her also2 but she heard that was not needed4 ,however1 she was made very happy by being called to the ,queen's side4 ,lady ,duddlestone1 said ,her ,majesty1 allow me to present you with my gold watch1 in remembrance of your visit to ,st4 ,james' ,palace1 and of the ,prince's visit to ,bristol1 which led to our knowing two such loyal and courteous subjects4 ,lady ,duddlestone bowed lower and lower1 almost unable to find any words in which to express her gratitude4 ,a gold watch6 ,was it possible8 ,watches were not common in those times4 ,she had heard of watches1 and had even seen some2 but had never dreamt of possessing one4 ,such a big beauty it was6 ,she was glad to fall back behind the other guests1 and get time to think quietly1 and realize that all was true1 and not a dream from which she would wake1 and find herself in her little attic bed-room at ,bristol4 ,queen ,anne then spoke to ,sir ,john1 offering to give him a position under ,government2 but he begged to be excused4 ,it would be strange1 your ,majesty1 very strange1 up in ,london1 and my work at ,bristol suits me far the best4 ,we want for nothing1 and should never feel so well and home-like as in our little house at ,bristol4 ,the ,queen understood him1 and did not press him2 and in another day or two the couple were again on their way home4 ,you're glad1 wife1 that we're going home8 ,john asked2 and you think ,i did well not to take some office in ,london8 ,well6 ,you could have clone no better4 ,it's been grand to see1 and grand to hear2 but it would be very strange and uncomfortable to live always like that1 and ,i'll be right glad to be back once more4 ,i'm more than proud of it all4 ,but ,i should never like our own room1 in which ,prince ,george sat so home-like with us1 to belong to another4 ,no1 no--we will keep our own snug home1 replied ,john with earnestness4 ,and so they did1 living on quietly as of old2 and the only display ever made by ,lady ,duddlestone was1 that whenever she went to church or to market1 she always wore the ,queen's big gold watch4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils use other words to express the meaning of what is given below in dark type4 ,you'd best keep alive4 ,it's been grand to see4 ,then you need not4 ,you're nearly crazed to go4 ,attendant is made up of two parts--the stem1 attend1 and the ending1 ant 7meaning one who74 ,the meaning of the word attendant is one who attends4 ,make out an analysis of the last two lessons1 and use it in telling the story in your own words4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xxxv4 pre sume'1 suppose2 think without being sure4 mus'cles1 those parts of the body which give us motion1 and by which we exert our strength4 ex tent'1 space2 distance4 or'di na ry1 common2 usual4 knowl'edge1 that which is known through study4 de gree'1 measure1 as of space or time4 spent1 used up2 exhausted4 snapped1 broken off4 de tached'1 taken away from4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,why ,,an ,,apple ,,falls4 ,father1 said ,lucy1 ,i have been reading to-day that ,sir ,isaac ,newton was led to make a great discovery1 by seeing an apple fall from a tree4 ,what was there wonderful about the apple falling8 ,nothing very wonderful in that1 replied her father2 but it set him to thinking of what made it fall4 ,why1 ,i could have told him that1 said ,lucy2 because the stem snapped and there was nothing to support it4 ,and what then8 asked her father4 ,why1 then1 of course it must fall4 ,ah6 said her father1 that is the point3 why must it fall8 ,i am sure ,i don't know1 said ,lucy4 ,i presume it was because there was nothing to keep it up4 ,well1 ,lucy1 suppose there was not--does it follow that it must come to the ground8 ,yes1 certainly1 replied ,lucy1 wonderingly4 ,let us see1 said her father2 but first answer this question3 ,what is an animate object8 ,any thing that has animal life1 and power to move at will1 replied ,lucy4 ,very good1 said her father2 now1 what is an inanimate object8 ,any thing that does not possess animal life1 or can not move at will4 ,very good again1 said her father4 ,now an apple is1 of course1 an inanimate object2 and therefore it could not move itself1 and ,sir ,isaac ,newton thought that he would try to find out what power moved it4 ,well1 then1 said ,lucy2 did he find that the apple fell1 because it was forced to fall8 ,yes1 replied her father2 he found that there was some force outside of the apple itself that acted upon it1 otherwise it would have remained forever where it was1 no matter if it were detached from the tree4 ,would it1 indeed8 asked ,lucy4 ,yes1 without doubt1 replied her father1 for there are only two ways in which it could be moved--by its own power of motion1 or the power of something else moving it4 ,now the first power1 you know it does not have2 so the cause of its motion must be the second4 ,but every thing falls to the ground as well as an apple1 when there is nothing to keep it up1 said ,lucy4 ,true4 ,there must therefore be some power or force which causes things to fall1 said her father4 ,and what is it8 asked ,lucy4 ,if things away from the earth can not move themselves to it1 said her father1 there can be no other cause of their falling than that the earth pulls them4 ,but1 said ,lucy1 the earth is no more animate than they are2 so how can it pull8 ,that is not an ordinary question1 but ,i will try an explanation1 said her father4 ,sir ,isaac ,newton discovered that there was a law in nature called attraction1 and that all bodies exert this force upon each other4 ,the greater the body1 the greater is its power of attraction4 ,now1 the earth is an immense mass of matter1 with which nothing near it can compare in size4 ,it draws therefore with mighty force all things within its reach1 which is the cause of their falling4 ,do you understand this8 ,i think that ,i do1 said ,lucy2 the earth is like a great magnet4 ,yes1 said her father2 but the attraction of the magnet is of a particular kind and is only over iron1 while the attraction of the earth acts upon every thing alike4 ,then it is pulling you and me at this moment6 said ,lucy4 ,certainly it is1 replied her father2 and as ,i am the larger1 it is pulling me with more force than it is pulling you4 ,this attraction is what gives every thing weight4 ,if ,i lift up any thing1 ,i am acting against this force1 for which reason the article seems heavy2 and the more matter it contains1 the greater is the force of attraction and the heavier it appears to me4 ,then1 said ,lucy1 if this attraction is so powerful1 why do we not stick to the ground8 ,because1 replied her father1 we are animate beings1 and have the power of motion1 by which1 to a limited degree1 we overcome the attraction of the earth4 ,well then1 father1 said ,lucy1 if our power of motion can overcome the attraction1 why can not we jump a mile high as well as a foot8 ,because1 replied her father1 as ,i said before1 we can only overcome the attraction to a certain extent4 ,as soon as the force our muscles give to the jump is spent1 the attraction of the earth pulls us back4 ,did ,sir ,isaac ,newton think of all these things1 because he saw the apple fall8 inquired ,lucy4 ,yes2 of all these and many more4 ,he was a man of great knowledge4 ,the name by which the force he discovered is generally known1 is the ,attraction of ,gravitation1 and some time you will learn how this force keeps the earth1 and the sun1 moon1 and stars1 all in their places4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xxxvi4 en'vy1 wish one's self in another's place4 doffed1 took off1 as an article of dress4 blithe1 very happy2 gay4 fee1 what is received as pay for service done4 boast1 object of pride4 quoth1 spoke4 hale1 in good health2 strong4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,miller ,,of ,,the ,,dee4 ,there dwelt a miller1 hale and bold1 ,beside the river ,dee2 ,he worked and sang from morn till night-- ,no lark so blithe as he2 ,and this the burden of his song ,forever used to be3 ,i envy nobody--no1 not ,i1 ,and nobody envies me6 ,thou'rt wrong1 my friend1 said good ,king ,hal2 ,as wrong as wrong can be2 ,for could my heart be light as thine1 ,i'd gladly change with thee4 ,and tell me now1 what makes thee sing1 ,with voice so loud and free4 ,while ,i am sad1 though ,i'm a king1 ,beside the river ,dee8 ,the miller smiled and doffed his cap3 ,i earn my bread1 quoth he2 ,i love my wife1 ,i love my friend1 ,i love my children three2 ,i owe no penny ,i can not pay2 ,i thank the river ,dee1 ,that turns the mill that grinds the corn ,that feeds my babes and me4 ,good friend1 said ,hal1 and sighed the while1 ,farewell6 and happy be6 ,but say no more1 if thou'dst be true1 ,that no one envies thee4 ,thy mealy cap is worth my crown2 ,thy mill1 my kingdom's fee2 ,such men as thou are ,england's boast1 ,o miller of the ,dee6 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,in the second stanza of the lesson1 wrong becomes very emphatic on account of repetition 7being repeated a number of times74 ,my and thine1 in the same stanza1 are emphatic on account of contrast 7contrary meaning of the words74 ,point out an example of emphasis by repetition1 and an example of emphasis by contrast1 in the third stanza4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,hal ,harry ,henry4 ,let pupils place un before each of the following words1 and give their meaning4 changed burdened envied 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xxxvii4 fero'cious1 savage2 fierce4 rosette'1 an article made to resemble a rose4 aban'doned1 left forever2 given up4 encoun'ter1 meet face to face4 in'fluence1 power over others4 keen1 sharp2 piercing4 reputa'tion1 what is known of a person4 wit'ness1 see or know by personal presence4 trail1 track2 footsteps4 alert'1 on the watch2 careful4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,jaguar4 ,the jaguar1 or as he is sometimes called1 the ,american tiger1 is the largest and most ferocious of the cat family found on this continent4 ,some jaguars have been seen equal in size to the ,asiatic tiger2 but in most cases the ,american1 animal is smaller4 ,he is strong enough1 however1 to drag a horse or an ox to his den--sometimes to a long distance2 and this feat has been frequently observed4 ,the jaguar is found in all the tropical parts of ,north and ,south ,america4 ,while he bears a considerable likeness to the tiger1 both in shape and habits1 the markings of his skin are quite different4 ,instead of being striped like the tiger1 the skin of the jaguar is beautifully spotted4 ,each spot resembles a rosette1 and consists of a black ring with a single dark-colored spot in the middle4 ,jaguars are not always of the same color2 some have skins of an orange color1 and these are the most beautiful4 ,others are lighter colored2 and some few have been seen that were very nearly white4 ,there1 is a black jaguar1 which is thought to be of a different species4 ,it is larger and fiercer than the other kinds1 and is found only in ,south ,america4 ,this animal is more dreaded by the inhabitants than the other kinds and is said always to attack man wherever it may encounter him4 ,all the other beasts fear it4 ,its roar produces terror and confusion among them and causes them to flee in every direction4 ,it is never heard by the natives without a feeling of fear1 and no wonder2 for a year does not pass without a number of these people falling victims to its ferocity4 ,it is difficult for one living in a country where such fierce animals are unknown1 to believe that they have an influence over man1 to such an extent as to prevent his settling in a particular place2 yet such is the fact4 ,in many parts of ,south ,america1 not only plantations1 but whole villages1 have been abandoned solely from fear of the jaguars4 ,there are men1 however1 who can deal single-handed with the jaguar2 and who do not fear to attack the brute in its own haunts4 ,they do not trust to fire-arms1 but to a sharp spear4 ,on their left arm they carry a strong shield4 ,this shield is held forward and is usually seized by the jaguar4 ,while it is busied with this1 the hunter thrusts at the animal with his sharp spear1 and generally with deadly effect4 ,a traveler in ,south ,america relates the following incident as having come under his observation3 ,desiring to witness a jaguar hunt1 ,i employed two well-known ,indian hunters1 and set out for the forest4 ,the names of these hunters were ,nio and ,guapo4 ,both of them had long been accustomed to hunt the jaguar1 and ,i felt perfectly safe in their company4 ,guapo1 the larger of the two1 was a man of wonderful muscular power1 and had the reputation of having at one time killed a black jaguar with only a stout club4 ,when all the preparations had been made for our start1 we looked as if we might capture all the jaguars that came in our way4 ,some hours after we had entered the forest1 the quick eye of ,guapo discovered the trail of a large jaguar which he assured me was recently made4 ,stopping for a moment1 both ,guapo and ,nio looked carefully about in every direction1 and listened attentively1 in order that they might see or hear the animal if he were near4 ,then motioning me to follow at a little distance behind them1 they stepped off quietly in the direction of the trail1 ,guapo being about thirty feet in advance of ,nio4 ,we went forward in this manner several hundred yards1 not a word being spoken1 and the keen eyes of both the hunters constantly on the alert4 ,guapo1 in the meantime1 who seemed to have no fear and became more and more excited as he approached to where he thought the animal must be1 had increased the distance between himself and ,nio considerably4 ,illustration ,suddenly a terrific roar1 and at the same time a cry of pain and a shout1 warned us that ,guapo had met the jaguar4 ,nio bounded forward1 and ,i followed as quickly as ,i could4 ,a fearful sight met our eyes6 ,the jaguar1 which had been hiding in the branches of a large tree1 had sprung down upon ,guapo and fastened its terrible teeth in his thigh4 ,with a shout filled with fury and determination1 ,nio at once sprung forward and savagely attacked the beast with his spear4 ,this caused the jaguar to let go its hold of ,guapo1 who1 made furious from the pain of the wound the animal had given him1 turned1 and with his spear attacked it with a mad ferocity as savage as that of the beast itself4 ,in a moment all was over1 and the jaguar lay dead at our feet4 ,i dressed ,guapo's wound the best ,i could1 while ,nio took the skin from the body of the animal1 which proved to be nearly eight feet long4 ,we returned very slowly to the village with the wounded man and our prize4 ,in a few weeks ,guapo had entirely recovered from his wounds1 and was ready for another hunt4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,let pupils pronounce in concert1 and singly1 the following words3 ,o1 most1 ferocious1 only1 whole1 hold1 slowly1 over1 both1 roar4 ,what tone of voice should be used in reading this lesson8 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,place re before each of the following words1 and then give the meaning of each4 turned told join capture call 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xxxviii4 dikes1 high banks of earth4 con'tra ry1 quite different from what is usual4 dis as'trous1 causing great loss or suffering4 keels1 strong timbers extending along the bottom of boats4 stork1 a kind of bird4 bus'tle1 quick and excited motion4 mire1 soft and wet earth4 scorn'ing1 turning from any thing as if of no value4 sat'u rat ed1 wet through and through4 moored1 tied fast1 as a ship to land4 slouched1 hung down4 mim'ic1 copied in a smaller form4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,holland4 ,,part ,i4 ,holland is one of the queerest countries under the sun4 ,it should be called ,odd-land1 or ,contrary-land2 for1 in nearly every thing1 it is different from other parts of the world4 ,in the first place1 a large portion of the country is lower than the level of the sea4 ,great dikes have been built at a heavy cost of money and labor1 to keep the ocean where it belongs4 ,on certain parts of the coast it sometimes leans with all its weight against the land1 and it is as much as the poor country can do to stand the pressure4 ,sometimes the dikes give way1 or spring a leak1 and the most disastrous results follow4 ,they are high and wide1 and the tops of some of them are covered with buildings and trees4 ,they have even fine public roads upon them1 from which horses may look down upon wayside cottages4 ,often the keels of floating ships are higher than the roofs of the dwellings4 ,the stork1 on the house-peak1 may feel that her nest is lifted far out of danger1 but the croaking frog in the neighboring bulrushes is nearer the stars than she4 ,water-bugs dart backward and forward above the heads of the chimney swallows2 and willow-trees seem drooping with shame1 because they can not reach so high as the reeds near by4 ,ditches1 canals1 ponds1 rivers1 and lakes are every-where to be seen4 ,high1 but not dry1 they shine in the sunlight1 catching nearly all the bustle and the business1 quite scorning the tame fields1 stretching damply beside them4 ,one is tempted to ask3 ,which is ,holland--the shores or the water8 ,the very verdure that should be confined to the land has made a mistake and settled upon the fish ponds4 ,in fact the entire country is a kind of saturated sponge1 or1 as the ,english poet ,butler called it-- ,a land that rides at anchor1 and is moored1 ,in which they do not live1 but go aboard4 ,persons are born1 live1 and die1 and even have their gardens on canal-boats4 ,farmhouses1 with roofs like great slouched hats pulled over their eyes1 stand on wooden legs1 with a tucked up sort of air1 as if to say1 ,we intend to keep dry if we can4 ,even the horses wear a wide stool on each hoof to lift them out of the mire4 ,it is a glorious country in summer for bare-footed girls and boys4 ,such wadings6 ,such mimic ship sailing6 ,such rowing1 fishing1 and swimming6 ,only think of a chain of puddles where one can launch chip boats all day long1 and never make a return trip6 ,but enough4 ,a full recital would set all ,young ,america rushing in a body toward the ,zuyder ,zee4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,in reading the first line of page #ahg1 there will be a slight rising of the voice after each of the words1 ditches'1 canals'1 ponds'1 rivers'1 and a slight falling of the voice after lakes'4#aa ,this rising or falling of the voice is called inflection1 and may be indicated as above4 ,language ,lesson4--,what is the meaning of ,young ,america8 #aa ,see paragraph #g4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xxxix4 freight1 cargo2 that which forms a load4 convey'ance1 the act of carrying4 jum'ble1 a number of things crowded together without order4 bobbed1 cut off short4 bewil'dering1 confusing4 gild'ed1 covered with a thin1 surface of gold4 yoked1 joined together with harness4 rare'ly1 not often4 impris'oned1 shut up or confined1 as in a prison4 clat'tering1 making a loud noise4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,holland4 ,,part ,,ii4 ,dutch cities seem1 at first sight1 to be a bewildering jumble of houses1 bridges1 churches1 and ships1 sprouting into masts1 steeples1 and trees4 ,in some cities boats are hitched1 like horses1 to their owners' door-posts1 and receive their freight from the upper windows4 ,illustration ,mothers scream to their children not to swing on the garden gate for fear they may be drowned4 ,water roads are more frequent there than common roads and railroads2 water-fences1 in the form of lazy green ditches1 inclose pleasure-ground1 farm1 and garden4 ,sometimes fine green hedges are seen2 but wooden fences1 such as we have in ,america1 are rarely met with in ,holland4 ,as for stone fences1 a ,hollander would lift his hands with astonishment at the very idea4 ,there is no stone there excepting those great masses of rock that have been brought from other lands to strengthen and protect the coast4 ,all the small stones or pebbles1 if there ever were any1 seem to be imprisoned in pavements1 or quite melted away4 ,boys1 with strong1 quick arms1 may grow from aprons to full beards without ever finding one to start the water-rings1 or set the rabbits flying4 ,the water roads are nothing less than canals crossing the country in every direction4 ,these are of all sizes1 from the great ,north ,holland ,ship ,canal1 which is the wonder of the world1 to those which a boy can leap4 ,water-omnibuses constantly ply up and down these roads for the conveyance of passengers2 and water-drays are used for carrying fuel and merchandise4 ,instead of green country lanes1 green canals stretch from field to barn1 and from barn to garden2 and the farms are merely great lakes pumped dry4 ,some of the busiest streets are water1 while many of the country roads are paved with brick4 ,the city boats1 with their rounded sterns1 gilded bows1 and gayly-painted sides1 are unlike any others under the sun2 a ,dutch wagon with its funny little crooked pole is a perfect mystery of mysteries4 ,one thing is clear1 you may think that the inhabitants need never be thirsty4 ,but no1 ,odd-land is true to itself still4 ,with the sea pushing to get in1 and the lakes struggling to get out1 and the overflowing canals1 rivers1 and ditches1 in many districts there is no water that is fit to swallow4 ,our poor ,hollanders must go dry1 or send far inland for that precious fluid1 older than ,adam1 yet young as the morning dew4 ,sometimes1 indeed1 the inhabitants can swallow a shower1 when they are provided with any means of catching it2 but generally they are like the sailors told of in a famous poem1 who saw ,water1 water1 every-where1 ,nor any drop to drink6 ,great flapping windmills all over the country make it look as if flocks of huge sea birds were just settling upon it4 ,every-where one sees the funniest trees1 bobbed into all sorts of odd shapes1 with their trunks painted a dazzling' white1 yellow1 or red4 ,horses are often yoked three abreast4 ,men1 women1 and children1 go clattering about in wooden shoes with loose heels4 ,husbands and wives lovingly harness themselves side by side on the bank of the canal and drag their produce to market4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,let pupils practice upon the inflections marked in the following ,model4--,houses'1 bridges'1 churches'1 and ships'1 sprouting into masts'1 steeples'1 and trees'4 ,which words take the falling inflection8 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xl4 whisk'ing1 pulling suddenly and with force4 lus'ti er1 stronger2 louder4 of fend'ed1 made angry4 fa mil'iar1 friendly2 as of a friend4 ma'tron ly1 elderly2 motherly4 com mo'tion1 noise2 confusion4 pant'ed1 breathed quickly4 sa lute'1 greeting4 mute1 silent2 unable to speak4 stur'dy1 strong2 powerful4 ker'chiefs1 pieces of cloth worn about the head4 a do'1 trouble2 delay4 in'mates1 the persons in a house4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,wind ,,in ,a ,,frolic4 ,the wind one morning sprung up from sleep1 ,saying1 ,now for a frolic6 ,now for a leap6 ,now for a madcap galloping chase6 ,i'll make a commotion in every place6 ,so it swept with a bustle right through a great town1 ,creaking the signs and scattering down ,shutters1 and whisking with merciless squalls1 ,old women's bonnets and gingerbread stalls4 ,there never was heard a much lustier shout1 ,as the apples and oranges tumbled about4 ,then away to the fields it went blustering and humming1 ,and the cattle all wondered whatever was coming4 ,it pulled by their tails the grave1 matronly cows1 ,and tossed the colts' manes all about their brows1 ,till1 offended at such a familiar salute1 ,they all turned their backs and stood silently mute4 ,so on it went1 capering and playing its pranks2 ,whistling with reeds on the broad river banks2 ,puffing the birds1 as they sat on the spray1 ,or the traveler grave on the king's highway4 ,it was not too nice to hustle the bags ,of the beggar1 and flutter his dirty rags4 ',twas so bold that it feared not to play its joke ,with the doctor's wig1 and the gentleman's cloak4 ,through the forest it roared1 and cried gayly1 ,now ,you sturdy old oaks1 ,i'll make you bow6 ,and it made them bow without more ado1 ,or it cracked their great branches through and through4 ,then it rushed like a monster o'er cottage and farm1 ,striking their inmates with sudden alarm2 ,and they ran out like bees in a midsummer swarm4 ,there were dames with their kerchiefs tied over their caps1 ,to see if their poultry were free from mishaps2 ,the turkeys they gobbled1 the geese screamed aloud1 ,and the hens crept to roost in a terrified crowd2 ,there was raising of ladders1 and logs laying on1 ,where the thatch from the roof threatened soon to be gone4 ,but the wind had passed on1 and had met in a lane ,with a school-boy1 who panted and struggled in vain2 ,for it tossed him1 and whirled him1 then passed1 and he stood ,with his hat in a pool1 and his shoe in the mud4 ,then away went the wind in its holiday glee1 ,and now it was far on the billowy sea2 ,and the lordly ships felt its powerful blow1 ,and the little boats darted to and fro4 ,but1 lo6 it was night1 and it sunk to rest ,on the sea-birds' rock in the gleaming west1 ,laughing to think1 in its frolicsome fun1 ,how little of mischief it really had done4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,let some pupil in the class state the manner in which the lesson should be read4 ,point out four lines that should be read more quietly than the rest of the lesson4 ,vary the reading by having parts of lesson read as a concert exercise4 ,what effect has the repetition of the word now1 in the second and third lines8 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils write six sentences1 each containing one of the following words1 used in such a manner as to show its proper meaning3 right1 write2 reed1 read2 tied1 tide4 ,let pupils make out an analysis of the lesson1 and use it in giving the story in their own words4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xli4 veg e ta'tion1 every thing that grows out of the ground4 meth'od1 way2 manner4 ta'per ing1 growing smaller toward the end4 men'tioned1 spoken of4 struct'ure1 arrangement of parts2 a building of any kind4 marsh'y1 wet4 swamp1 low ground filled with water4 sprung1 started2 begun4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,something ,,about ,,plants4 ,the name plant belongs in a general way to all vegetation1 from the tiniest spear of grass or creeping flower one sees on the rocks by the brook-side1 to the largest and tallest of forest trees4 ,plants are divided into numerous groups of families1 and the study of the many species belonging to each family1 is very interesting4 ,there are thousands of kinds of grasses1 shrubs1 and trees1 scattered over the different parts of the earth1 and the larger portion of them are in some way useful to mankind4 ,in speaking of grasses1 we are apt to think only of the grass in the meadows1 which is the food for our horses and cattle2 but there are other kinds of grasses which are just as important to man as the grass of the meadow is to the beast4 ,these are oats1 rye1 barley1 wheat1 corn1 and others1 all of which belong to the grass family4 ,perhaps it appears strange to you to hear wheat and corn called grass1 and you ask how can that be4 ,in the first place1 all plants that have the same general form and method of growth1 belong to the same family4 ,now1 if you will pull up a stalk of grass and a stalk of wheat or rye and compare them1 you will find that they are alike in all important respects4 ,the roots of each look like a little bundle of strings or fibers1 and are therefore called fibrous2 the stalks you will find jointed and hollow2 and the leaves are long and narrow1 tapering to a point at their ends4 ,then1 if you examine the seeds1 you will see that they are placed near together and form what we call an ear or head1 as in an ear of corn1 or a head of wheat4 ,this same general form or structure applies to every one of the plants belonging to the grass family2 and in this family are included all the different kinds of canes and reeds that grow in swamps and marshy places1 as well as the bamboo of the tropics4 ,shrubs are those plants which have woody stems and branches4 ,they are generally of small size1 rarely reaching over twenty feet in height4 ,small shrubs are usually called bushes4 ,in this class of plants1 the branches generally start close to the ground1 and in some cases1 a little below the surface of the ground1 rising and spreading out in all directions4 ,the common currant bushes1 blackberry bushes1 and rose bushes which we see in gardens1 are shrubs4 ,so also are grape-vines1 honeysuckles1 ivy1 and all other creeping vines4 ,these are called climbing plants1 because little tendrils or claspers which grow out of their branches1 wind around and fasten themselves to any thing in their way4 ,trees are the largest and strongest of all plants4 ,they have woody stems or trunks1 and branches4 ,these branches do not1 as in shrubs1 start close to the ground1 but at some distance above1 from which height they extend in different directions4 ,it is difficult to believe that some of the large trees we see1 sprung from small seeds2 yet it is true that all trees started in this manner4 ,the seeds are scattered about by birds and tempests1 and falling on the soft ground1 where they become covered with1 leaves and earth1 they take root and grow4 ,thus the little acorn sprouts1 and from it springs the sturdy oak1 which is not only the noblest of trees1 but lives hundreds of years4 ,the trunks and branches of trees are protected by a covering called bark4 ,this bark is thicker near the base or root of the tree than it is higher up among the branches4 ,on some trees1 the bark is very rough and shaggy looking1 as on the oak1 ash1 walnut1 and pine2 on others1 the bark is smooth1 as on the beech1 apple1 and birch4 ,some trees live for only a few years1 rapidly reaching their full growth1 and rapidly decaying4 ,the peach-tree is one of this kind4 ,other trees live to a great age4 ,an elm-tree has been known to live for three hundred years2 a chestnut-tree1 six hundred years2 and oaks1 eight hundred years4 ,the baobab-tree of ,africa lives to be many hundred years old4 ,there is a yew-tree in ,england that is known to be over two thousand years old4 ,the big trees of ,california are the largest in the world1 although not of so great an age as some that have been mentioned4 ,the tallest of these trees that has yet been discovered1 measures over three hundred and fifty feet in height1 and the distance around it near the ground is almost one hundred feet4 ,the age of this tree must be between one thousand five hundred and two thousand years4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,let1 pupils pronounce in concert and singly1 the following words3 corn1 stalks1 important1 form1 tall1 walnut1 horses4 ,in the fifth paragraph on page #aii1 why are some and others emphatic8#ab ,mark inflections of oak1 ash1 walnut1 and pine2 and of beech1 apple1 and birch4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,place dis before each of the following words1 and then give the meaning of each of the words so formed4 appear covered able like believe #ab ,see fifth paragraph from the end of the lesson4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xlii4 flush1 bright red color4 low'ing1 the bellowing or cry of cattle4 rang'ing1 wandering4 in tent'1 determined4 striv'ing1 making great efforts4 pre serve'1 keep in safety4 re flect'ed1 shining back2 thrown back1 as by a looking-glass4 pro ceed'ed1 went forward4 checked1 stopped4 blasts1 sounds made by blowing4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,,forest ,,on ,,fire4 ,,part ,i4 ,we were sound asleep one night1 when1 about two hours before day1 the snorting of our horses and lowing of our cattle1 which were ranging in the woods1 suddenly awoke us4 ,i took my rifle and went to the door to see what beast had caused the hubbub1 when ,i was struck by the glare of light reflected on all the trees before me1 as far as ,i could see through the woods4 ,my horses were leaping about1 snorting loudly1 and the cattle ran among them in great confusion4 ,on going to the back of the house ,i plainly heard the crackling made by the burning brushwood1 and saw the flames coming toward us in a far-extended line4 ,i ran to the house1 told my wife to dress herself and the child as quickly as possible1 and take the little money we had1 while ,i managed to catch and saddle two of the best horses4 ,all this was done in a very short time1 for ,i felt that every moment was precious to us4 ,we then mounted our horses1 and made off from the fire4 ,my wife1 who is an excellent rider1 kept close to me2 and my daughter1 who was then a small child1 ,i took in one arm4 ,when making off1 ,i looked back and saw that the frightful blaze was close upon us1 and had already laid hold of the house4 ,by good luck there was a horn attached to my hunting-clothes1 and ,i blew it1 to bring after us1 if possible1 the remainder of my live-stock1 as well as the dogs4 ,the cattle followed for a while2 but before an hour had passed they all ran1 as if mad1 through the woods1 and that was the last we saw of them4 ,my dogs1 too1 although at all other times easily managed1 ran after the deer that in great numbers sprung before us as if fully aware of the death1 that was so rapidly approaching4 ,we heard blasts from the horns of our neighbors as we proceeded1 and knew that they were in the same unfortunate condition that we were in ourselves4 ,intent on striving to the utmost to preserve our lives1 ,i thought of a large lake1 some miles off1 where the flames might possibly be checked1 and we might find a place of safety4 ,urging my wife to whip up her horse1 we set off at full speed1 making the best way we could over the fallen trees and the brush heaps1 which lay like so many articles placed on purpose to keep up the terrific fires that advanced with a broad front upon us4 ,by this time we were suffering greatly from the effects of the heat1 and we were afraid that our horses would be overcome and drop down at any moment4 ,a singular kind of breeze was passing over our heads1 and the glare of the burning trees shone more brightly than the daylight4 ,i was sensible of a slight faintness1 and my wife looked pale4 ,the heat had produced such a flush in the child's face that1 when she turned toward either of us1 our grief and anxiety were greatly increased4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,what tone of voice should be used in reading the lesson8 ,should the rate of reading be slow or rapid8 ,point out two paragraphs requiring a somewhat different rate4 ,should the feelings expressed in the lesson be rendered in a quiet or loud tone8 ,different inflections are sometimes used1 simply to give variety to the reading and not for emphasis4 ,in the first paragraph1 mark inflection of night1 day1 horses1 cattle1 woods1 us4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xliii4 de voured'1 eaten up greedily1 as by wild animals4 por'cu pine1 a kind of animal4 smold'der ing1 burning slowly2 smoking4 in suf'fer a ble1 not to be borne4 shift'ed1 moved about2 changed position4 sti'fling1 stopping the breath4 dismal1 gloomy2 cheerless4 un grate'ful1 not thankful4 rem'e died1 relieved2 cured4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,,forest ,,on ,,fire4 ,,part ,,ii4 ,ten miles are soon gone over on swift horses2 but yet1 when we reached the borders of the lake we were quite exhausted1 and our hearts failed us4 ,the heat of the smoke was insufferable1 and sheets of blazing fire flew over us in a manner beyond belief4 ,illustration ,we reached the shore1 however1 coasted the lake for a while1 and got round to the sheltered side4 ,there we gave up our horses1 which we never saw again4 ,we plunged down among the rushes1 by the edge of the water1 and laid ourselves down flat1 to await the chance of escaping from being burned or devoured4 ,the water greatly refreshed us1 and we enjoyed the coolness4 ,on went the fire1 rushing and crashing through the woods4 ,such a morning may we never again see6 ,the heavens themselves1 ,i thought1 were frightened4 ,all above us was a bright1 red glare1 mingled with1 dark1 threatening clouds and black smoke1 rolling and sweeping away in the distance4 ,our bodies were cool enough1 but our heads were scorching2 and the child1 who now seemed to understand the matter1 cried so as nearly to break our hearts4 ,the day passed on1 and we became hungry4 ,many wild beasts came plunging into the water beside us1 and others swam across to our side1 and stood still4 ,although faint and weary1 ,i managed to shoot a porcupine1 and we all tasted its flesh4 ,the night passed1 ,i cannot tell you how4 ,smoldering fires covered the ground1 and the trees stood like pillars of fire1 or fell across each other4 ,the stifling and sickening smoke still rushed over us1 and the burnt cinders and ashes fell thick around us4 ,when morning came1 every thing about us was calm2 but a dismal smoke still filled the air1 and the smell seemed worse than ever4 ,what was to become of us ,i did not know4 ,my wife hugged the child to her breast1 and wept bitterly2 but ,god had preserved us through the worst of the danger1 and the flames had gone past1 so ,i thought it would be both ungrateful to ,him and unmanly to despair now4 ,hunger once more pressed upon us1 but this was soon remedied4 ,several deer were standing in the water1 up to the head1 and ,i shot one of them4 ,some of its flesh was soon roasted1 and after eating it we felt wonderfully strengthened4 ,by this time the blaze of the burning forest was beyond our sight1 although the remains of the fires of the night before were still burning in many places1 and it was dangerous to go among the burnt trees4 ,after resting for some time1 we prepared to commence our march4 ,taking up the child in my arms1 ,i led the way over the hot ground and rocks2 and after two weary days and nights of suffering1 during which we shifted in the best manner we could1 we at last succeeded in reaching the hard woods1 which had been free from the fire4 ,soon after we came to a house1 where we were kindly treated4 ,since then ,i have worked hard and constantly as a lumber-man2 and1 thanks to ,god1 we are safe1 sound1 and happy4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,point out1 breathing-places in the last paragraph of page #bjg4ac ,name the emphatic words in the last sentence of the lesson4 ,mark inflection in the last line of the lesson4 ,pronounce carefully the following words3 dark1 march1 hard1 calm1 hearts4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils define the following words3 complete1 attract1 locate1 intent1 procrastinate1 separate2 then add to each word as a stem1 the ending ion1 and define the words so formed4 ,point out the omissions of letters necessary in joining the stems and endings4 ,let pupils make out an analysis in six parts for the last two lessons1 and use it in writing or telling the story in their own words4 #ac ,see third paragraph from the end of the lesson4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xliv4 peas'ants1 those who work on farms4 hedge'rows1 rows of shrubs or trees used to inclose a space4 tow'ers1 very high buildings4 an ces'tral1 belonging to a family for a great many years4 mon'arch1 king2 ruler4 roy'al ty1 kings and queens4 gifts1 things given2 presents4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,common ,,gifts4 ,the sunshine is a glorious thing1 ,that comes alike to all1 ,lighting the peasant's lowly cot1 ,the noble's painted hall4 ,the moonlight is a gentle thing1 ,which through the window gleams ,upon the snowy pillow1 where ,the happy infant dreams4 ,it shines upon the fisher's boat ,out on the lonely sea1 ,as well as on the flags which float ,on towers of royalty4 ,the dewdrops of the summer morn ,display their silver sheen ,upon the smoothly shaven lawn1 ,and on the village green4 ,there are no gems in monarch's crown ,more beautiful than they2 ,and yet you scarcely notice them1 ,but tread them off in play4 ,the music of the birds is heard1 ,borne on the passing breeze1 ,as sweetly from the hedgerows as ,from old ancestral trees4 ,there are as many lovely things1 ,as many pleasant tones1 ,for those who dwell by cottage hearths ,as those who sit on thrones4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,this lesson should be read with a full and clear tone of voice4 ,the thoughts expressed are not of a conversational nature4 ,in the first stanza1 in the contrast between peasant's lowly cot and noble's painted hall1 the inflections are rising circumflexes and falling circumflexes4 ,the rising circumflex consists of a downward turn of the voice followed by an upward turn2 the falling circumflex1 of an upward turn followed by a downward turn4 ,let pupils mark the inflections in the last two lines of the poem4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils express the meaning of what is given below in dark type1 using a single word for each example4 ,for those who dwell by cottage hearths ,as those who sit on thrones4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xlv4 re quest'1 a wish that is expressed2 desire4 har'bor1 a sheltered place where ships can anchor4 lo'cate1 place2 choose as a place to live4 both'er1 trouble4 beach1 the shore of the sea4 knack1 an easy way of doing any thing4 in dulged'1 gave way to1 as to appetite4 ban'quet1 a very good dinner or other meal4 rheu'ma tism1 a painful trouble in the muscles or joints4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,,ghost ,,story4 ,,part ,i4 ,i have not a room in the house2 but if you don't mind going down to the cottage1 and coming up here to your meals1 ,i can take you1 and would be glad to1 said ,mrs4 ,grant1 in answer to my request for board4 ,where is the cottage8 and ,i looked about me1 feeling ready to accept any thing in the way of shelter1 after the long1 hot journey from ,boston to breezy ,york ,harbor4 ,right down there--just a step1 you see4 ,it's all in order2 and next week it will be full1 for many folks prefer it because of the quiet4 ,at the end of a very steep path1 which offered every chance for accidents of all sorts1 from a sprained ankle to a broken neck1 stood the cottage--a little white building1 with a pretty vine over the door1 gay flowers in the garden1 and the blue ,atlantic rolling up at the foot of the cliff4 ,a regular ',cottage by the ,sea4' ,it will suit me exactly if ,i can have the upper front room4 ,i don't mind being alone2 so have my trunk taken down1 please1 and ,i'll get ready for tea1 said ,i1 feeling very happy on account of my good luck4 ,alas1 how little ,i knew what a night of terror ,i was to pass in that pretty white cottage6 ,an hour later1 refreshed by my tea and the coolness of the place1 ,i plunged into the pleasures of the season1 and accepted two invitations for the evening--one to a1 walk on ,sunset ,hill1 the other to a clam-bake on the beach4 ,the stroll came first1 and on the hill-top we met an old gentleman with a spy-glass1 who welcomed me with the remark-- ,pretty likely place for a prospect4 ,after replying to what he said1 ,i asked the old gentleman if he knew any legend or stories about the old houses all around us4 ,yes1 many of them1 he replied2 and it isn't always the old places that have the most stories about 'em4 ,why1 that cottage down yonder isn't more'n fifty years old1 and they do say there's been a lot of ghosts seen there1 owin' to a man's killin' of himself in the back bed-room4 ,what6 that house at the end of the lane8 ,i asked1 with sudden interest4 ,just so2 nice place1 but lonesome and dampish4 ,ghosts and toadstools are apt to locate in houses of that sort1 was his mild reply4 ,the dampness scared me more than the ghosts1 for ,i had never seen a ghost yet2 but ,i had been haunted by rheumatism1 and found it a hard thing to get rid of4 ,i've taken a room there1 so ,i'm rather interested in knowing what company ,i'm to have4 ,taken a room1 have you8 ,well1 ,i dare say you won't be troubled4 ,some folks have a knack of seeing spirits1 and then again some haven't4 ,my wife is uncommon powerful that way1 but ,i an't2 my sight's dreadful poor for that sort4 ,there was such a sly look in the starboard eye of the old fellow as he spoke1 that ,i laughed outright1 and asked1 sociably-- ,has she ever seen the ghosts of the cottage8 ,i think ,i have rather a knack that way1 and ,i'd like to know what to expect4 ,no1 her sort is the rapping kind4 ,down yonder1 the only ghost ,i take much stock in is old ,bezee ,tucker's4 ,some folks say they've heard him groaning there nights1 and a dripping sound2 he bled to death1 you know4 ,it was kept quiet at the time1 and is forgotten now by all but a few old fellows like me4 ,bezee was always polite to the ladies1 so ,i guess he won't bother you1 ma'am2 and the old fellow laughed4 ,if he does1 ,i'll let you know2 and with that ,i left him1 for ,i was called and told that the beach party was anxious for my company4 ,in the delights of that happy hour1 ,i forgot the warning of the old gentleman on the hill1 for ,i was about to taste a clam for the first time in my life1 and it was a most absorbing moment4 ,perched about on the rocks like hungry birds1 we sat and watched the happy cooks with breathless interest1 as they struggled with frying-pans1 fish that refused to brown1 steaming sea-weed1 and hot ashes4 ,little ,margie ,grant waited upon me so prettily1 that ,i should have been tempted to try a sea porcupine if she had offered it1 so charming was her way of saying1 ,o here's a perfectly lovely one6 ,do take him by his little black head and eat him quick6 ,i indulged without thought1 in clams1 served hot between two shells1 little dreaming what a price ,i was to pay for that banquet4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson--,let pupils use other words to express the meaning of the parts given below in dark type4 ,right down there--just a step1 you see4 ,pretty likely place for a prospect4 ,the only one ,i take much stock in4 ,write out in full the words for which 'em and an't are used4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xlvi4 quaked1 shook1 as with fear4 cha'os1 a great number of things without order4 gi gan'tic1 of very great size4 stealth'y1 very quiet1 so as to escape notice4 fa'tal1 causing great harm4 mis'sion1 what one is sent to do4 in'ter vals1 spaces of time4 thrill1 feeling1 as of pain or pleasure4 af fect'ing1 making a show of4 a pol'o gize1 express sorrow for an act4 ret ri bu'tion1 paying back for one's acts2 punishment4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,,ghost ,,story4 ,,part ,,ii4 ,we staid up till late1 and then ,i was left1 at my own door by my friends1 who informed me that ,york was a very quiet1 safe place1 where people slept with unlocked doors1 and nothing ever went amiss o' nights4 ,i said nothing of ghosts1 being ashamed to own that ,i quaked1 a little at the idea of the back bed-room1 as ,i shut out the friendly faces and fastened myself in4 ,a lamp and matches stood in the hall1 and lighting the lamp1 ,i whisked up stairs with suspicious rapidity1 locking my door1 and went to bed1 firmly refusing to own even to myself that ,i had ever heard the name of ,bezee ,tucker4 ,being very tired1 ,i soon fell asleep2 but fried potatoes and a dozen or two of hot clams are not kinds of food best fitted to bring quiet sleep1 so a fit of nightmare brought me to a realizing sense of my foolishness4 ,from a chaos of wild dreams was finally brought forth a gigantic clam1 whose mission it was to devour me as ,i had devoured its relatives4 ,the sharp shells were open before me1 and a solemn voice said1 ,take her by her little head and eat her quick4 ,retribution was at hand1 and1 with a despairing effort to escape by diving1 ,i bumped my head smartly against the wall1 and woke up feeling as if there was an earthquake under the bed4 ,collecting my scattered wits1 ,i tried to go to sleep again2 but alas6 that fatal feast had destroyed sleep1 and ,i vainly tried to quiet my wakeful senses with the rustle of leaves about the window and the breaking waves upon the beach4 ,in one of the pauses between the sounds of the waves1 ,i heard a curious noise in the house--a sort of moan1 coming at regular intervals4 ,and1 as ,i sat up to make out where it was1 another sound caught my attentive ear4 ,drip1 drip1 drip1 went something out in the hall1 and in an instant the tale told me on ,sunset ,hill came back with unpleasant reality4 ,nonsense6 ,it is raining1 and the roof leaks1 ,i said to myself1 while an unpleasant thrill went through me1 and fancy1 aided by indigestion1 began to people the house with ghostly inmates4 ,no rain had fallen for weeks1 and peeping through my curtain1 ,i saw the big1 bright stars shining in a cloudless sky2 so that explanation failed1 and still the drip1 drip1 drip went on4 ,likewise the moaning--so distinctly now that it was clear that the little back bed-room was next the chamber in which ,i was quaking at that very moment4 ,some one is sleeping there1 ,i said1 and then remembered that all the rooms were locked1 and all the keys but mine in ,mrs4 ,grant's pocket1 up at the house4 ,well1 let the ghosts enjoy themselves2 ,i won't disturb them if they let me alone4 ,some of the ladies thought me brave to dare to sleep here1 and it never will do to own ,i was scared by a foolish story and an odd sound4 ,so down ,i lay1 and said the multiplication table with great determination for several minutes1 trying to turn a deaf ear to the outside world and check my unruly thoughts4 ,but it was a failure2 and when ,i found myself saying over and over ,four times twelve is twenty-four1 ,i gave up affecting courage1 and went in for a good1 honest scare4 ,as a cheerful subject for midnight consideration1 ,i kept thinking of ,b4 ,tucker1 in spite of every effort to give it up4 ,in vain ,i remembered the fact that the departed gentleman was always polite to ladies4 ,i still was in great fear lest he might think it necessary to come and apologize in person for bothering me4 ,presently a clock struck three1 and ,i gave a moan that beat the ghost's all hollow1 so full of deep suffering was ,i at the thought of several hours of weary waiting4 ,i was not sure at what time the daylight would appear1 and ,i was bitterly sorry for not gathering useful information about sunrise1 tides1 and such things1 instead of listening to the foolish gossip of ,uncle ,peter on the hill-top4 ,minute after minute dragged slowly on1 and ,i was just thinking that ,i should be obliged to shout ,fire6 as the only means of relief in my power1 when1 a stealthy step under the window gave me a new feeling4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,to give greater effect to certain parts of the lesson1 read them very slowly4 ,the first line of the last paragraph is a good example of adding emphasis by reading slowly4 ,point oat two other places in the lesson where slow reading would be best4 ,what word in the last paragraph may be made very emphatic1 even to the extent of using the calling tone of voice8 ,let pupils pronounce in concert1 and singly1 the following words3 soon1 do1 two1 foolish1 roof1 food1 room4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils write statements1 each containing one of the following words1 used in such a manner as to show its proper meaning3 beech1 beach2 sense1 scents2 fourth1 forth2 hear1 here4 ,give rules for the capital letters in the first three paragraphs of the lesson4 ,let pupils place un before each of the following words1 and then define them4 safe lock heard pleasant fit ,define each of the following words formed from please1 and state in each case what change of meaning occurs4 please pleasant pleasantly unpleasantly 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xlvii4 dag'ger1 a short sword4 spell1 a feeling which prevents one from moving4 bran'dished1 raised1 and moved in different directions4 in spir'ing1 making one feel4 awe1 deep fear4 de mand'ed1 asked as a right4 punct'u al1 always on time4 ro mance1 a story of surprising adventures4 bur'glar1 one who breaks into a house at night4 cus'tom1 a way or a manner of doing things4 reigned1 ruled2 held power4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,,ghost ,,story4 ,,part ,,iii4 ,this was a start1 not a scare--for the new visitor was a human foe1 and ,i had little fear of such1 being possessed of good lungs1 strong arms1 and a ,roman dagger nearly as big as a carving-knife4 ,the step that ,i had just heard broke the spell1 and creeping noiselessly to the window1 ,i peeped out to see a dark figure coming up the stem of the tall tree close by1 hand-over-hand1 like a sailor or a monkey4 ,two can play at that game1 my friend2 you scare me1 and ,i'll scare you4 ,and with an actual sense of relief in breaking the silence1 ,i suddenly flung up the curtain1 and leaned out4 ,i brandished my dagger with what ,i intended to be an awe-inspiring screech2 but1 owing to the flutter of my breath1 the effort ended in a curious mixture of howl and bray4 ,a most effective sound1 nevertheless2 for the burglar dropped to the ground as if he had been shot1 and1 with one upward glance at the white figure dimly seen in the starlight1 fled as if a thousand ghosts were at his heels4 ,what next8 thought ,i1 wondering whether this eventful night would ever come to a close4 ,i sat and waited1 chilly but brave1 while the strange sounds went on within the house and silence reigned without1 till the cheerful crow of the punctual cockadoo1 as ,margie called him1 told me that it was sunrise and laid the ghosts4 ,a red glow in the east drove away my last fear1 and ,i soon lay down and slept quietly1 quite worn out4 ,the sun shining upon my face waked me1 and a bell ringing warned me to hurry4 ,a childish voice calling out1 ,betfast is most weady1 ,miss ,wee1 assured me that sweet little spirits haunted the cottage as well as ghostly ones4 ,as ,i left my room to join ,margie1 who was waiting for me1 ,i saw two things which caused me to feel that the horrors of the night were not all unreal4 ,just outside the back bed-room door was a damp place1 as if that part of the floor had been newly washed2 and when led by curiosity1 ,i peeped through the keyhole of the haunted chamber1 my eye distinctly saw an open razor lying on a dusty table4 ,my seeing was limited to that one object1 but it was quite enough4 ,i went up the hill thinking over the terrible secret hidden in my breast4 ,i longed to tell some one1 but was ashamed2 and1 when asked why ,i was so pale and absent-minded1 ,i answered with a gloomy smile-- ,it is the clams4 ,all day ,i hid my sufferings pretty well1 but as night approached and ,i thought of sleeping again in that haunted cottage1 my heart began to fail4 ,as we sat telling stories in the dusk1 a bright idea came into my head4 ,i would relate my ghost story1 and rouse the curiosity of my hearers1 so that some of them would offer to stay at the cottage in hopes of seeing the spirit of the restless ,tucker4 ,cheered by this fancy1 when my turn came ,i made a thrilling tale about ,bezee ,tucker and my night's adventure4 ,after my hearers were worked up to a proper state of excitement1 ,i paused for applause4 ,it came in a most unexpected form1 however1 for ,mrs4 ,grant burst out laughing1 and the two boys--,johnny and ,joe--rolled about in convulsions of merriment4 ,much displeased1 ,i demanded the cause of their laughter1 and then joined in the general shout when ,mrs4 ,grant informed me that ,bezee ,tucker lived1 died in1 and haunted the tumble-down house at the other end of the lane1 and not the cottage where ,i was staying4 ,then who or what made those mysterious noises8 ,i asked1 relieved but rather displeased at the downfall of my romance4 ,my brother ,seth1 replied ,mrs4 ,grant1 still laughing4 ,i thought you might be afraid to be there all alone1 so he slipped into the bed-room1 and ,i forgot to tell you4 ,he's a powerful snorer1 and that's one of the awful sounds4 ,the other was the dripping of salt water2 for you wanted some1 and the girl got it in a leaky pail4 ,seth swept out the water when he left the cottage early in the morning4 ,i said nothing about having seen through the keyhole the harmless razor2 but wishing to get some praise for my heroic encounter with the burglar1 ,i mildly asked if it was the custom in ,york for men as well as turkeys to roost in trees4 ,another burst of laughter from the boys did away with my last hope of glory4 ,as soon as he could speak1 ,joe answered-- ,johnny planned to be up early to pick the last cherries off that tree4 ,i wanted to get ahead of him1 and as ,i was going a-fishing1 ,i went off quietly before daylight4 ,did you get the cherries8 ,i asked1 bound to have some laugh on my side4 ,guess ,i didn't1 grumbled ,joe1 rubbing his knees1 while ,johnny added-- ,he got a horrid scare and a right good scraping1 for he didn't know any one was down there4 ,couldn't go a-fishing1 either--he was so lame--and ,i had the cherries after all4 ,served him right1 didn't it8 ,no answer was necessary4 ,mrs4 ,grant went off to repeat the tale in the kitchen1 and the sounds of hearty laughter that ,i heard1 assured me that ,seth was enjoying the joke as well as the rest of us4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils make out an analysis for so much of the last three lessons as may be included under the subject--,a ,night at the ,cottage4 ,suggestion4--,the analysis of simple subjects1 and their treatment orally or in writing1 are valuable exercises1 and should be assigned to pupils as frequently as possible during the whole of their school life4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xlviii4 mel'o dy1 sounds pleasant to the ear4 chant'ed1 sung in a simple melody4 witch1 a person supposed to deal with evil spirits4 trump'et1 a hollow piece of metal used to make music4 har'mo ny1 the effect produced by uniting two or more different parts in music4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,what ,,the ,,chimney ,,sang4 ,over the chimney the night-wind sang ,and chanted a melody no one knew2 ,and the ,woman stopped1 as her babe she tossed1 ,and thought of the one she had long since lost3 ,and said1 as her tear-drop back she forced1 ,i hate the wind in the chimney4 ,over the chimney the night-wind sang ,and chanted a melody no one knew2 ,and the ,children said1 as they closer drew1 ',tis some witch that is cleaving the black night through-- ',tis a fairy trumpet that just then blew1 ,and we fear the wind in the chimney4 ,over the chimney the night-wind sang ,and chanted a melody no one knew2 ,and the ,man1 as he sat on his hearth below1 ,said to himself1 ,it will surely snow1 ,and fuel is dear and wages low1 ,and ,i'll stop the leak in the chimney4 ,over the chimney the night-wind sang ,and chanted a melody no one knew2 ,but the ,poet listened and smiled1 for he ,was ,man1 and ,woman1 and ,child--all three1 ,and said1 ,it is ,god's own harmony1 ,this wind we hear in the chimney4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,the first two lines of each stanza may be read more slowly and with a fuller tone of voice than the rest of the stanza4 ,notice that the words of special emphasis throughout the poem begin with capital letters4 ,mark inflections in the last four lines of the first and last stanzas4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,xlix4 sel'dom1 not often2 rarely4 jun'gles1 places covered with trees and brushwood4 tough 7tuf71 not easily separated4 ap par'ent ly1 seemingly2 in appearance4 a cute'1 quick in action2 sharp4 charg'es1 rushes forward4 gram'p us1 a kind of fish4 re sumed'1 started again2 took up again4 hid'e ous1 horrid to look at4 de struc'tion1 death2 entire loss4 re sist'1 stand against4 des'per ate1 without hope or care4 ex cur'sions1 journeys2 rambles4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,rhinoceros4 ,next to the mighty elephant1 the rhinoceros is the largest and strongest of animals4 ,there are several species of the rhinoceros1 some of which are found in ,asia1 and others in different parts of ,africa4 ,in the latter country there are four varieties--the black rhinoceros1 having a single horn2 the black species having two horns2 the long-horned white rhinoceros2 and the common white species1 which has a short1 stubby horn4 ,the largest of the ,african species is the long-horned1 white1 or square-nosed rhinoceros4 ,when full-grown1 it sometimes measures eighteen feet in length1 and about the same around the body4 ,its horn frequently reaches a length of thirty inches4 ,the black rhinoceros1 although much1 smaller than the white1 and seldom having a horn over eighteen inches long1 is far more ferocious than the white species1 and possesses a wonderful degree of strength4 ,the form of the rhinoceros is clumsy1 and its appearance dull and heavy4 ,the limbs are thick and powerful1 and each1 foot has three toes1 which are covered with broad1 hoof-like nails4 ,the tail is small2 the head very long and large4 ,taken altogether1 there are few--if any--animals that compare with the rhinoceros in ugliness4 ,the eyes are set in such a manner that the animal can not see any thing exactly in front of it2 but the senses of hearing and smelling are so keen that sight is not required to detect an enemy1 whether it be man or beast4 ,the skin of the ,african rhinoceros is smooth1 and has only a few scattering hairs here and there4 ,it is1 however1 very thick and tough1 and can resist the force of a rifle-ball unless it is fired from a very short distance4 ,the largest known species of the rhinoceros is found in ,asia4 ,it lives chiefly in the marshy jungles1 and on the banks of lakes and rivers in ,india4 ,some of this species are over live feet in height1 and have horns three feet in length and eighteen inches around the base4 ,unlike the ,african rhinoceros1 the skin of the ,asiatic species is not smooth1 but lies in thick folds upon the body1 forming flaps which can be lifted with the hand4 ,the food of the rhinoceros consists of roots1 and the young branches and leaves of trees and shrubs4 ,it plows up the roots with the aid of its horn1 and gathers the branches and leaves with the upper lip which is long and pointed1 and with which the food is rolled together before placing it in the mouth4 ,the flesh of the rhinoceros is good to eat2 and its strong1 thick skin is made by the natives1 into shields1 whips1 and other articles4 ,though clumsy and apparently very stupid1 the rhinoceros is a very active animal when attacked or otherwise alarmed1 dashing about with wonderful rapidity4 ,it is very fierce and savage--so much so that the natives dread it more than they do the lion4 ,in hunting the animal1 it is dangerous for a man to fire at one unless he is mounted upon a swift horse1 and can easily reach some place of safety4 ,when attacking an enemy1 the rhinoceros lowers its head and rushes forward like an angry goat4 ,though it may not see the object of its attack1 the sense of smell is so acute that it knows about when the enemy is reached4 ,then begins a furious tossing of the head1 and if the powerful horn strikes the foe1 a terrible wound is the result4 ,when wounded itself1 the rhinoceros loses all sense of fear1 and charges again and again with such desperate fury that the enemy is almost always overcome4 ,a famous traveler in ,south ,africa relates the following incident that happened during one of his hunting excursions3 ,having proceeded about two miles1 ,i came upon a black rhinoceros1 feeding on some ,wait-a-bit thorns within fifty yards of me4 ,i fired from the saddle1 and sent a bullet in behind his shoulder1 when he rushed forward1 blowing like a grampus1 and then stood looking about him4 ,presently he started off1 and ,i followed4 ,i expected that he would come to bay1 but it seems a rhinoceros never does that--a fact ,i did not know at that time4 ,suddenly he fell flat upon the ground2 but soon recovering his feet1 he resumed his course as if nothing had happened4 ,i spurred on my horse1 dashed ahead1 and rode right in his path4 ,upon this1 the hideous monster charged me in the most resolute manner1 blowing loudly through his nostrils4 ,although ,i quickly turned about1 he followed me at such a furious pace for several hundred yards1 with his horrid horny snout within a few yards of my horse's tail1 that ,i thought my destruction was certain4 ,the animal1 however1 suddenly turned and ran in another direction4 ,i had now become so excited with the incident1 that ,i determined to give him one more shot any way4 ,nerving my horse again1 ,i made another dash1 after the rhinoceros1 and coming up pretty close to him1 ,i again fired1 though with little effect1 the ball striking some thick portion of his skin and doing no harm4 ,feeling that ,i did not care to run the chance of the huge brute again charging me1 and believing that my rifle-ball was not powerful enough to kill him1 ,i determined to give up the pursuit1 and accordingly let him run off while ,i returned to the camp4 ,illustration 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,let pupils mark inflections in the first sentence of the lesson4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils express in other words the meaning of what is given below in dark type4 ,i expected that he would come to bay4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,l4 per'il1 great danger that is near one4 pru'dent1 careful in regard to what may happen4 con'fi dence1 courage2 freedom from doubt4 oc ca'sion1 a chance event2 an incident4 tor'rents1 violent streams1 as of water4 ford1 a place to cross a river4 per suad'ed1 influenced by advice4 op'po site1 on the other side2 in front of4 fran'tic1 without power to act properly4 her'o ism1 great courage1 which makes one willing to face danger of any kind4 res'o lute1 decided2 firm4 af fec'tion ate1 kind and loving4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,presence ,,of ,,mind4 ,many years ago1 there lived on the banks of the ,naugatuck ,river1 in ,connecticut1 a family by the name of ,bishop4 ,the father was not wealthy1 but a good man1 and respected by all who knew him4 ,he had fought in the battles of his country during the ,revolutionary ,war1 and was familiar with scenes of danger and peril4 ,he had learned that it is always more prudent to preserve an air of confidence in danger1 than to show signs of fear1 and especially so1 since his conduct might have a great influence upon the minds of those about him4 ,on one occasion he sent his son ,james1 a boy twelve years old1 across the river to the house of a relative1 on an errand4 ,as there was no bridge or ferry1 all who crossed the river were obliged to ford it4 ,james was familiar with every part of the fording-place1 and when the water was low1 which was the case at this time1 there was no danger in crossing4 ,mounted on one of his father's best horses1 ,james set out4 ,he crossed the river1 and soon reached the house of his relatives4 ,he was ready to start on his return1 when suddenly the heavens became black with clouds1 the wind blew with great violence1 and the rain fell in torrents4 ,it was late in the afternoon1 and as his relatives feared to have him attempt to reach home in such a storm1 they persuaded him to remain over night and wait until daylight before starting for home4 ,his father suspected the cause of ,james' delay1 and was not over anxious on his account4 ,he knew that the boy was prudent1 and did not fear that any accident would happen to him during the night4 ,but he knew that he had taught ,james to obey his commands in every particular1 and as the boy possessed1 a daring and fearless spirit1 that he would attempt to ford the river as soon as it was light enough in the morning4 ,he knew1 also1 that the immense quantity of water that appeared to be falling1 would cause the river to rise to a considerable height by morning1 and make it very dangerous even for a strong man to attempt to cross it4 ,the thought of what might befall his child caused ,mr4 ,bishop to pass a sleepless night2 for although he was very strict with his children1 he possessed an affectionate nature and loved them dearly4 ,the day dawned2 the storm had ceased2 the wind was still1 and nothing was to be heard but the roar of the river4 ,the rise of the river was even greater than ,mr4 ,bishop expected1 and as soon as it was light enough1 for him to see objects across it1 he took up a position on the bank to watch for the approach of his son4 ,james arrived on the opposite shore at the same time1 and his horse was beginning to enter the stream4 ,all his father's feelings were roused into action1 for he knew that his son was in fearful danger4 ,james had already proceeded too far to return--in fact1 to go forward or back was equally dangerous4 ,his horse had arrived at the deepest part of the river1 and was struggling against the current4 ,the animal was being hurried down the stream1 and apparently making but little progress toward the shore4 ,james became very much alarmed4 ,raising his eyes toward the landing-place1 he discovered his father4 ,almost frantic with fear1 he exclaimed1 ,o father1 father6 ,i shall drown6 ,i shall drown6 ,no1 replied his father1 in a stern and resolute tone of voice1 dismissing for a moment his feelings of tenderness2 if you do1 ,i will whip you severely4 ,cling to your horse6 ,cling to your horse6 ,the son1 who feared his father more than he did the raging river1 obeyed the command2 and the noble animal on which he was mounted1 struggling for some time1 carried him safe to shore4 ,my son6 exclaimed the glad father1 bursting into tears1 remember1 hereafter1 that in danger you must possess courage1 and being determined to save your life1 cling to the last hope6 ,if ,i had replied to you with the tenderness and fear which ,i felt1 you might have lost your life2 you would have lost your presence of mind1 been carried away by the current1 and ,i should have seen you no more4 ,what a noble example is this6 ,the heroism of this father and his presence of mind saved the life of his boy4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,in calling tones1 as on pages #bcg and #bch1 notice that the falling inflections only can be used4#ad 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils make out an analysis1 and use it in telling the story in their own words4 #ad ,see the last six paragraphs4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,li4 rug'ged1 full of rough places4 con cealed'1 covered over2 hidden4 ra vines'1 deep and narrow hollow places4 prec'i pice1 a very steep place4 dis'lo cate ed1 thrown out of joint4 mis'er y1 great unhappiness4 ev'i dence1 signs2 that which is shown4 de scent'1 going down4 haz'ards1 dangers2 difficulties4 toil1 hard work4 pro ject'ing1 hanging over4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,halbert ,,and ,,his ,,dog4 ,far up in the ,highlands of ,scotland lived ,malcolm1 a shepherd1 with his wife and his son ,halbert4 ,their little cottage was far from any village1 and could only be reached by a rugged path through the mountains4 ,one evening ,halbert's mother was taken very ill1 and ,malcolm made preparations to go to the village to obtain some medicine for her4 ,father1 said ,halbert1 ,i know the path through the dark glen better than you4 ,shag will walk before me1 and ,i will be quite safe4 ,let me go for the doctor1 and you stay at home and comfort mother4 ,old ,shag1 the dog1 stood by1 wagging his tail and looking up into ,malcolm's face as if to say1 ,yes1 master1 ,i will take good care of ,halbert4 ,let him go4 ,malcolm did not like to have his boy undertake a journey of so much peril1 as the snow was falling in heavy flakes1 and it was growing very dark4 ,but the boy again repeated his request1 and ,malcolm gave his consent4 ,halbert had been accustomed to the mountains from his earliest boyhood1 and ,shag set out with his young master1 not seeming to care for wind1 snow1 or storm4 ,they reached the village safely4 ,halbert saw the doctor1 received some medicine for his mother1 and then started on his return home with a cheerful heart4 ,shag trotted along before him to see that all was right4 ,suddenly1 however1 in one of the most dangerous parts of the rocky path1 he stopped and began snuffing and smelling about4 ,go on1 ,shag1 said ,halbert4 ,shag would not stir4 ,shag1 go on1 sir1 repeated the boy4 ,we are nearly at the top of the glen4 ,look through the dark1 and you can see the candle shining through our window4 ,shag disobeyed for the first time in his life1 and ,halbert advanced ahead of him1 heedless of the warning growl of his companion4 ,he had proceeded but a few steps when he fell over a precipice1 the approach to which had been concealed by the snow4 ,it was getting late in the night1 and ,malcolm began to be alarmed at the long absence of ,halbert4 ,he placed the candle so as to throw the light over his boy's path1 piled wood on the great hearth fire1 and often went to the door4 ,but no footstep sounded on the crackling ice2 no figure darkened the wide waste of snow4 ,perhaps the doctor is not at home1 and he is waiting for him1 said ,halbert's mother4 ,she felt so uneasy at her boy's absence1 that she almost forgot her own pain4 ,it was midnight when ,malcolm heard the well-known bark of the faithful ,shag4 ,o there is ,halbert6 cried both parents at the same moment4 ,malcolm sprang to the door and opened it1 expecting to see his son4 ,but alas6 ,halbert was not there4 ,shag was alone4 ,the old dog entered the door1 and began to whine in a piteous manner4 ,o ,malcolm1 ,malcolm1 my brave son has perished in the snow6 exclaimed the mother4 ,malcolm stood wondering4 ,his heart beat rapidly4 ,a fear that the worst had happened almost overcame him4 ,at that moment he saw a small package around the dog's neck4 ,seizing it in his hands1 he exclaimed1 ,no1 wife2 look6 ,our boy lives6 ,here is the medicine1 tied with his handkerchief2 he has fallen into one of the deep ravines1 but he is safe4 ,i will go out1 and ,shag shall go with me4 ,he will conduct me safely to the rescue of my child4 ,in an instant ,shag was again on his feet1 and gave evidence of great joy as he left the cottage with his old master4 ,you may imagine the misery and grief the poor mother suffered--alone in her mountain dwelling2 the certainty of her son's danger1 and the fear that her husband also might perish4 ,shag went on straight and steadily for some distance after he left the cottage4 ,suddenly he turned down a path which led to the foot of the precipice over which ,halbert had fallen4 ,the descent was steep and dangerous1 and ,malcolm was frequently obliged to support himself by clinging to the frozen branches of the trees4 ,at last ,malcolm stood on the lower and opposite edge of the pit into which his son had fallen4 ,he called to him1 ,halbert6 ,halbert6 ,he looked in every direction1 but could not see or hear any thing4 ,shag was making his way down a very steep and dangerous ledge of rocks1 and ,malcolm resolved at all hazards to follow him4 ,after getting to the bottom1 ,shag scrambled to a projecting rock1 which was covered with snow1 and commenced whining and scratching in a violent manner4 ,malcolm followed1 and after some search found what appeared to be the dead body of his son4 ,he hastily tore off the jacket1 which was soaked with blood and snow1 and wrapping ,halbert in his great cloak1 took him upon his shoulders1 and with much toil and difficulty reached the path again1 and soon had his boy at home4 ,halbert was placed in his mother's bed1 and by using great exertion1 they aroused him from his dangerous sleep4 ,he was much bruised and had his ankle dislocated1 but was not otherwise hurt4 ,when he recovered his senses1 he fixed his eyes on his mother1 and his first words were1 ,did you get the medicine1 mother8 ,when he fell1 ,shag had descended after him4 ,the affectionate son used what little strength he had left to tie the medicine that he had received from the doctor around the dog's neck1 and then sent him home with it4 ,you may be sure that ,shag was well taken care of after this incident4 ,even after ,halbert became a man ,shag was his constant companion1 and he lived to a good old age4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson--,let pupils add ship to each of the following words1 and then give their meaning4 friend hard relation partner fellow ,make out an analysis of the lesson1 and use it in telling the story in your own words4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,lii4 ebb'ing1 flowing out2 falling4 break'ers1 waves breaking into foam against the shore4 main1 the great sea2 the ocean4 reef1 a row or chain of rocks4 dis mayed'1 having lost courage4 strand1 beach2 shore4 treach'er ous1 likely to do harm4 vic'tor1 a successful warrior4 shroud'ing1 covering over4 murk'y1 gloomy2 dark4 bea'con1 a signal fire or light4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,light-,,house4 ,the tide comes up1 and the tide goes down1 ,over the rocks1 so rugged and brown1 ,and the cruel sea1 with a hungry roar1 ,dashes its breakers along the shore2 ,but steady and clear1 with a constant ray1 ,the star of the light-house shines alway4 ,the ships come sailing across the main1 ,but the harbor mouth is hard to gain1 ,for the treacherous reef lies close beside1 ,and the rocks are bare at the ebbing tide1 ,and the blinding fog comes down at night1 ,shrouding and hiding the harbor light4 ,the sailors1 sailing their ships along1 ,will tell you a tale of the light-house strong2 ,how once1 when the keeper was far away1 ,a terrible storm swept down the bay1 ,and two little children were left to keep ,their awesome watch with the angry deep4 ,the fair little sister wept1 dismayed1 ,but the brother said1 ,i am not afraid2 ,there's ,one who ruleth on sea and land1 ,and holds the sea in ,his mighty hand2 ,for mercy's sake ,i will watch to-night1 ,and feed1 for the sailors1 the beacon light4 ,so the sailors heard through the murky shroud ,the fog-bell sounding its warning loud6 ,while the children1 up in the lonely tower1 ,tended the lamp in the midnight hour1 ,and prayed for any whose souls might be ,in deadly peril by land or sea4 ,ghostly and dim1 when the storm was o'er1 ,the ships rode safely1 far off the shore1 ,and a boat shot out from the town that lay ,dusk and purple1 across the bay1 ,she touched her keel to the light-house strand1 ,and the eager keeper leaped to land4 ,and swiftly climbing the light-house stair1 ,he called to his children1 young and fair2 ,but1 worn with their toilsome watch1 they slept1 ,while slowly o'er their foreheads crept1 ,the golden light of the morning sun1 ,like a victor's crown1 when his palm is won4 ,god bless you1 children6 the keeper cried2 ,god bless thee1 father6 the boy replied4 ,i dreamed that there stood beside my bed ,a beautiful angel1 who smiled and said1 ',blessed are they whose love can make ,joy of labor1 for mercy's sake6' ,illustration 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,mark the inflection of the following lines4 ,the tide comes up1 and the tide goes down4 ,the fair little sister wept1 dismayed1 ,but the brother said1 ,i am not afraid4 ,name the emphatic words in the lines just quoted4 ,state whether the emphasis falls upon words that are inflected4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,why is the sea called cruel and its roar hungry8 ,give two examples of a similar use of words4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,liii4 oc'cu pant1 one who is in possession of a thing4 ac quired'1 gained4 mi'cro scope1 a glass so formed as to make small objects appear large4 slug'gish1 slow2 stupid4 in spect'ing1 looking at with attention4 com posed'1 made up4 se'ries1 a number of things in order4 stub'bed1 short and thick4 dis turbed'1 interfered with4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,caterpillar ,,and ,,butterfly4 ,last summer1 when the trees were covered with green leaves1 and when the little stream was sparkling and dancing in the sun1 there appeared in the garden1 a large caterpillar of many colors1 and about as pretty as a caterpillar could be4 ,all day long it was nibbling the green leaves1 and leaf after leaf disappeared before it with wonderful rapidity4 ,it seemed to live only for eating4 ,as autumn came on1 it quite lost its appetite2 so much so1 that even the tenderest and most juicy leaves could not tempt it to eat any more4 ,it grew dull and stiff1 and lost all interest in life4 ,feeling that some change was about to happen1 it crawled into a little hole in the old garden wall4 ,it wrapped itself up in a cobweb1 and fell into a long sleep1 during which it became changed from a caterpillar into a dried-up1 dead-looking grub or chrysalis4 ,it remained in this state through all the long winter1 till the snow and frost had gone1 and the cold ,march winds were over4 ,in ,april the trees burst forth with their bright green leaves1 and the grass looked fresh under the power of the warm rains4 ,in ,may the many-tinted flowers appeared1 filling the air with their sweetness1 and brightening the fields and gardens with their gay colors4 ,at this time another great change came over the old grub4 ,it showed signs of life again2 but it was now no longer a caterpillar--it was something else4 ,it wriggled and turned in its narrow little home1 and seemed anxious to get out and look at the sunshine and flowers4 ,it bumped its head up and down until it succeeded in pushing off a little door4 ,when the door was off1 and the bright sunlight shone in1 this little occupant of the chrysalis took a look at itself4 ,it saw that during its long winter's nap1 it had acquired a pair of beautiful wings1 and its legs had grown longer and stronger than they were before4 ,crawling out of the chrysalis1 and taking a position on a branch of the tree1 it discovered that instead of a caterpillar1 it was now a beautiful butterfly4 ,it was a kind that is called the swallow-tail butterfly1 because each of its wings tapered to a point1 something like the tail of a swallow4 ,we will call the butterfly1 ,miss ,swallow-tail1 and now let us see what her next move was4 ,her wings were damp and heavy1 and she stood shivering and trembling2 for although she had six legs1 they were weak1 having never before borne such a weight4 ,but fresh air brings strength2 so she soon felt like trying to walk4 ,at first her movements were sluggish1 but she finally reached a sunny spot where she dried and warmed herself1 giving her wings a little shake now and then1 until they opened grandly above her back4 ,and how beautiful they were6 ,dark brown1 bordered with two rows of yellow spots2 and there were seven blue spots on each of the hind wings4 ,as she stood there in the sun1 a little wind came along and raised ,miss ,swallow-tail off her feet4 ,she spread her wings to keep from falling1 and found herself floating in the air4 ,this proved to be such a delightful way of traveling1 that she lifted her wings occasionally1 and so kept herself floating2 and in a short time she learned to turn in any direction she chose4 ,as she flew along1 growing stronger every minute1 she was attracted by the bright colors of a flower1 and stopped to admire it4 ,the sweet perfume tempted her to taste1 and unrolling her long tongue from under her chin1 where she carried it1 she put it down into the flower and drew up the honey hidden there4 ,miss ,swallow-tail had wonderful eyes4 ,all butterflies have wonderful eyes4 ,if you will look at them through a microscope you will find that each eye is composed of a great many smaller ones1 that can see in all directions4 ,they have great need of such eyes1 because there are so many birds and other hungry creatures1 that want to eat them4 ,one day a whiff of celery coming from a garden near by1 reminded ,miss ,swallow-tail of the time when she was a baby and liked to eat celery4 ,so she flew over into the garden1 and fastened her eggs to a celery bush with some glue that she carried with her4 ,then she left them1 and never thought of them again4 ,in about ten days the babies that had been growing inside of the eggs1 broke open the shells and crawled out4 ,and what do you think they were8 ,butterflies8 like their mamma1 only very much smaller8 ,no1 indeed6 for you know butterflies never grow any larger4 ,they were the smallest green and black worms you ever saw6 ,as soon as they were out of the shells1 they began eating the celery1 and grew so fast that in a week they were quite large worms4 ,they were covered with green rings and black rings dotted with yellow4 ,they each had sixteen short legs1 and they had a flesh-colored1 ,y-shaped horn hidden away under a ring above the head1 that they would show when they were disturbed4 ,one morning the gardener discovered that something was eating his celery4 ,searching among the leaves he found all but one of the little worms1 and put them where they could do no more mischief4 ,soon the little worm that had escaped his notice1 had grown so fat that he was too stupid to eat any more2 so he crawled away to a dark place on the fence and fastened himself there4 ,but first he covered a small spot of the fence with a white1 silken carpet1 that he wove from a web which he drew from his under lip4 ,he then glued the end of a web to the carpet1 carried the rest of it up over his breast1 and down on the other side and fastened it there4 ,he then bent his head down under it1 letting it pass over his head1 and by bending forward and backward worked it down near the middle of his back4 ,after inspecting his work1 he bent his head upon his breast1 and leaned against the fence4 ,after resting two days1 he began a series of twistings and turnings that burst open his skin from the corners of his mouth down a short way1 and worked it all off himself4 ,he drew his head in out of sight1 and sent out a stubbed horn on each side of it1 and lo6 no worm was to be seen6--but a chrysalis1 like the one his mother was sleeping in when we first found her4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,let pupils read the following lines1 and then mark the inflection4 ,and what do you think they were8 ,butterflies8 like their mamma1 only very much smaller8 ,does the first question expect the answer yes or no8 ,do the last two questions expect the answer yes or no8 ,what would be the inflections used in the following questions8 ,what kind of an answer is expected to each question8 ,where are you going8 ,are you coming back again8 ,fill blanks in the following statements4 ,questions which may be answered by yes or no1 regularly require the ---- inflection4 ,questions which can not be answered by yes or no1 regularly require the ---- inflection4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4 ,let pupils copy the following words4 seize chief grief fear beach receive relief believe weary beacon ,write sentences1 each containing one of the preceding words1 used in such a way as to show its meaning4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,liv4 ob'sti nate1 determined to have one's own way4 vi'cious1 not well tamed2 given to bad tricks4 sub dued'1 made gentle2 overcome4 swerve1 turn from a direct line4 squad'ron1 a number of horses drawn up together4 pli'able1 capable of being turned or bent4 strove1 attempted2 tried hard4 ex ceed'ed1 went beyond4 thong1 a long strip of leather4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,wild ,,horses ,,of ,,south ,,america4 ,at the time of the discovery of ,america there were no wild horses in any part of the continent4 ,soon1 however1 some of the horses brought over from ,europe by the early settlers1 wandered away1 and now wild horses are to be met with in large numbers1 in some cases as many as a thousand at a time4 ,they appear to be under the command of a leader1 the strongest and boldest of the herd1 whom they obey4 ,when threatened with danger1 at some signal1 understood by them all1 they either close together and trample their enemy to death1 or form themselves into a circle and welcome him with their heels4 ,the leader first faces the danger1 and when he finds it prudent to retreat1 all follow his rapid flight4 ,byron thus describes a troop of wild horses3 ,a trampling troop2 ,i see them come6 ,in one vast squadron they advance6 ,i strove to cry--my lips were dumb4 ,the steeds rush on in plunging pride2 ,but where are they the reins to guide8 ,a thousand horse--and none to ride6 ,with flowing tail1 and flying mane1 ,wide nostrils--never stretch'd by pain1 ,mouths bloodless to the bit or rein ,and feet that iron never shod1 ,and flanks unscarr'd by spur or rod1 ,a thousand horse1 the wild1 the free1 ,like waves that follow o'er the sea4 ,on came the troop4444 ,they stop--they start--they snuff the air1 ,gallop a moment here and there1 ,approach1 retire1 wheel round and round1 ,then plunging back with sudden bound1 ,they snort--they foam--neigh--swerve aside1 ,and backward to the forest fly4 ,the capture and breaking in of wild horses in ,america are described by ,miers as follows-- ,the lasso is used by the natives of ,south ,america4 ,it is a very strong braided thong1 half an inch thick1 and forty feet long1 made of many strips of rawhide1 braided like a whip-thong1 and made soft and pliable by rubbing with grease4 ,it has at one end an iron ring1 about an inch and a half in diameter1 through which the thong is passed1 forming a running noose4 ,the herdsmen--gauchos1 as they are called--are generally mounted on horseback when they use the lasso4 ,one end of the thong is attached to the saddle2 the remainder is coiled in the left hand1 except about twelve feet belonging to the noose end1 which is held in a coil in the right hand4 ,this long noose is then swung around the head1 the weight of the iron ring at the end of the noose assisting in giving to it1 by a continued circular motion1 a sufficient force to project it the whole length of the line4 ,the gauchos drive the wild horses into a corral1 which is a circular space surrounded by rough posts firmly driven into the ground4 ,the corral1 relates ,miers1 was quite full of horses1 most of which were young ones about two or three years old4 ,the chief gaucho1 mounted on a strong1 steady horse1 rode into the corral1 and threw his lasso over the neck of a young horse and dragged him to the gate4 ,for some time he was very unwilling to lose his companions2 but the moment he was forced out of the corral his first idea was to gallop away2 however1 a timely jerk of the lasso checked him4 ,some of the gauchos now ran after him on foot1 and threw a lasso over his fore legs1 and jerking it1 they pulled his legs from under him so suddenly that ,i really thought the fall had killed him4 ,in an instant a gaucho was seated on his head4 ,they then put a piece of hide in his mouth to serve for a bit1 and a strong hide halter on his head1 and allowed him to get on his feet4 ,while two men held the horse by his ears1 the gaucho who was to mount him fastened on the saddle1 and then quickly sprung into it4 ,the horse instantly began to jump in a manner which made it very difficult for the rider to keep his seat2 however1 the gaucho's spurs soon set him going1 and off he galloped1 doing every thing in his power to throw his rider4 ,then another horse was brought from the corral2 and so quickly was every thing done that twelve gauchos were mounted in less than an hour4 ,it was wonderful to see the different manner in which different horses behaved4 ,some would actually scream while the gauchos were fastening the saddle upon their backs1 and some would instantly lie down and roll upon it4 ,others would stand without being held1 their legs stiff and in unnatural positions1 their necks half bent towards their tails1 and looking vicious and obstinate4 ,it was now curious to look around and see the gauchos trying to bring their horses back to the corral1 which is the most difficult part of their work1 for the poor creatures had been so scared there that they were unwilling to return to the place4 ,at last they brought the horses back1 apparently subdued and broken in4 ,the saddles and bridles were taken off1 and the young horses trotted off towards the corral1 neighing to one another4 ,when a gaucho wishes to take a wild horse1 he mounts a horse that has been used to the sport1 and gallops over the plain4 ,as soon as he comes near his victim1 the lasso is thrown round the two hind-legs1 and as the gaucho rides a little on one side1 the jerk throws the wild horse without doing injury to his knees or his face4 ,illustration ,before the horse can recover from the shock1 the rider dismounts1 and snatching his cloak from his shoulders1 wraps it round the fallen animal's head4 ,he then forces into his mouth one of the powerful bridles of the country1 fastens a saddle on his back1 and1 mounting him1 removes the cloak4 ,upon this the astonished horse springs to his feet1 and attempts to throw off his new master1 who sits calmly on his back4 ,by a treatment which never fails1 the gaucho brings the horse to such complete obedience that he is soon trained to give his whole speed and strength to the capture of his companions4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,let pupils pronounce in concert1 and singly1 the following words3 ,i1 hide1 side1 rides1 flight1 wild1 finds1 retire1 describe4 ,mark the inflection of the last six lines of poetry on page #bef4ae ,what inflection is used 7#a7 to keep up the interest8--7#b7 to show hesitation8--7#c7 to express a decided opinion8--7#d7 to give the conclusion of a story8--7#e7 to ask a question that may be answered by yes or no8--7#f7 to ask a question that can not be answered by yes or no8 ,let pupils state the special uses of inflection shown in the following examples4 ,i1 ,i think perhaps you may go4 ,i know that you may go4 ,they silently went away4 ,yesterday1 about three o'clock1 just as we were preparing to go home1 suddenly we heard a band of music4 #ae ,this lesson4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,lv4 career'1 course of life4 gen'erous1 free in giving aid to others4 char'ity1 goodwill2 desire to aid others4 in her'ited1 came into possession of4 in jus'tice1 wrong-doing4 ac cused'1 charged with a fault4 hes i ta'tion1 delay4 pre scrip'tion1 an order for medicine4 flor'ins1 pieces of money1 each valued at about fifty cents4 pen'sion1 money paid for service in war4 re stor'ing1 giving back4 phy si'cian1 doctor of medicine4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,an ,,emperor',s ,,kindness4 ,joseph ,,ii41 ,emperor of ,austria1 was a generous1 warm-hearted man1 who took great delight in doing acts of kindness and charity4 ,one time1 as he was passing through the streets of ,vienna1 dressed as a private gentleman1 his attention was attracted to a boy about twelve years old1 who timidly approached1 and seemed1 anxious to speak to him4 ,what do you wish1 my little friend8 said the gentleman4 ,his voice was so tender1 and he had such a kindly look in his eyes1 that the boy had courage to say3 ,o sir1 you are very good to speak to me so kindly4 ,i believe you will not refuse to do something for me4 ,i should be sorry to refuse you1 replied the gentleman2 but why are you begging8 ,you appear to be something better than a beggar2 your voice and your manner show it4 ,i am not a beggar1 sir1 replied the boy1 as a tear trickled down his cheek4 ,my father was a brave officer in the army4 ,owing to illness1 he was obliged to leave the service1 and was granted a pension by the emperor4 ,with this pension he supported our family2 but a few months ago he died1 and we are left very poor indeed4 ,poor child6 said the gentleman4 ,is your mother living8 ,yes1 sir1 she is2 and ,i have two brothers who are at home with her now4 ,she has been unable to leave her bed for weeks1 and one of us must watch beside her1 while the others go out to beg4 ,saying this1 the poor boy tried very hard to keep back the great tears1 but they would come in spite of all he could do to stop them4 ,well1 well1 my boy1 said the gentleman1 do not feel so unhappy2 ,i will see what can be done to help you4 ,is there a physician to be found near you8 ,there are two1 sir1 only a little way from where we live4 ,that is well4 ,now you go at once and have one of them visit your mother4 ,here is money1 not only for the physician1 but for other things to feed you and make you comfortable4 ,o sir1 said the boy1 as he looked upon the gentleman in amazement1 how can ,i thank you enough8 ,this money will save my mother's life1 and keep my brothers from want4 ,never mind1 my child2 go and get the physician4 ,the boy obeyed1 and the good emperor having learned the situation of the house where the boy's mother lived1 bent his steps in that direction1 and soon arrived there4 ,the room in which he found the poor woman gave evidence of great misery4 ,she was lying on a low bedstead1 and though still young1 her face was pale and thin from sickness and want4 ,very little furniture of any kind was to be seen1 for the mother had disposed of nearly all she possessed to obtain bread for her children4 ,when the emperor entered the room1 the widow and her children looked at him in astonishment4 ,they did not know he was their emperor4 ,i am a physician1 madam1 said he1 bowing respectfully2 your neighbors have informed me of your illness1 and ,i am come to offer what service may be in my power4 ,alas6 sir1 she answered with some hesitation1 ,i have no means of paying you for your attention4 ,do not distress yourself on that account2 ,i shall be fully repaid if ,i have the happiness of restoring you to health4 ,with these words1 the emperor approached the bed and inquired all about her illness1 after which he wrote a few lines and placed them on the chimney-piece4 ,i will leave you this prescription1 madam2 and on my next visit1 ,i hope to find you much better4 ,he then withdrew4 ,almost immediately after this1 the eldest son of the widow came in with a medical man4 ,o mother6 cried the boy1 a kind1 good gentleman has given me all this6 and he placed in his mother's hand1 the money which the emperor had given him4 ,there now1 don't cry1 mother2 this money will pay the doctor and buy every thing till you are well and strong again4 ,a physician has already been here1 my child1 and has left his prescription4 ,see1 there it is4 and she pointed to the paper on the chimney-piece4 ,the boy took the paper1 and no sooner had he glanced at its contents1 than he uttered an exclamation of joyful surprise4 ,o mother6 ,it's the best prescription a physician ever wrote2 it's an order for a pension1 mother--a pension for you--signed by the emperor himself2 listen1 mother2 hear what he says3-- ',madam3--,your son was fortunate enough to meet me in the city1 and informed me of the fact that the widow of one of my bravest officers was suffering from poverty and sickness1 without any means of assistance4 ,i had no knowledge of this1 therefore ,i can not be accused of injustice4 ',it is difficult for me to know every thing that takes place in my empire4 ,now that ,i do know of your distress1 ,i should indeed be ungrateful1 did ,i not render you all the help in my power4 ,i shall immediately place your name on the pension list for the yearly sum of two thousand florins1 and trust that you may live many years to enjoy it4 ',joseph ,,ii4' ,the widow and her children were taken under the especial care of the emperor1 and a brilliant career was opened up for the boys1 who had inherited all their father's bravery as well as their mother's gentle nature4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,mark the inflection of the following questions4 ,where do you live8 ,is your name ,harry or ,john8 ,why are you begging8 ,do you wish to walk8 ,in such a question as the last one1 if emphasis be given in turn to the words you1 wish1 walk1 the answer might still be yes or no2 and yet the meaning of the answer would be different in each case4 ,do you wish to walk8 ,yes1 ,i do4 ,do you wish to walk8 ,no1 ,i do not wish to walk2 but suppose ,i must4 ,do you wish to walk8 ,no1 ,i would rather ride4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils write a letter to some friend1 using the last paragraph of the lesson as a subject4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,lvi4 persist'ed1 continued4 crip'ples1 those who have lost the use of a limb4 merged1 united2 joined4 stal'wart1 strong2 powerful4 in'nocent1 harmless4 pass'port1 what enables one to go in safety4 gal'lant1 brave2 noble4 riv'en1 taken away2 deprived4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,united ,,at ,,last4 ,o mother6 ,what do they mean by blue8 ,and what do they mean by gray8 ,was heard from the lips of a little child ,as she bounded in from play4 ,the mother's eyes filled up with tears2 ,she turned to her darling fair1 ,and smoothed away from the sunny brow ,its treasure of golden hair4 ,why1 mother's eyes are blue1 my sweet1 ,and grandpa's hair is gray1 ,and the love we bear our darling child ,grows stronger every day4 ,but what did they mean8 persisted the child2 ,for ,i saw two cripples to-day1 ,and one of them said he fought for the blue1 ,the other1 he fought for the gray4 ,now he of the blue had lost a leg1 ,and the other had but one arm1 ,and both seemed worn and weary and sad1 ,yet their greeting was kind and warm4 ,they told of the battles in days gone by1 ,till it made my young blood thrill2 ,the leg was lost in the ,wilderness fight1 ,and the arm on ,malvern ,hill4 ,they sat on the stone by the farm-yard gate1 ,and talked for an hour or more1 ,till their eyes grew bright and their hearts seemed warm ,with fighting their battles o'er2 ,and they parted at last with a friendly grasp1 ,in a kindly1 brotherly way1 ,each calling on ,god to speed the time ,uniting the blue and the gray4 ,then the mother thought of other days-- ,two stalwart boys from her riven2 ,how they knelt at her side and lispingly prayed1 ,our ,father which art in heaven2 ,how one wore the gray and the other the blue2 ,how they passed away from sight1 ,and had gone to the land where gray and blue ,are merged in colors of light4 ,and she answered her darling with golden hair1 ,while her heart was sadly wrung ,with the thoughts awakened in that sad hour ,by her innocent1 prattling tongue3 ,the blue and the gray are the colors of ,god1 ,they are seen in the sky at even1 ,and many a noble1 gallant soul ,has found them a passport to heaven4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,lvii4 declin'ing1 failing4 expe'rience1 that which happens to any one4 regard'1 look at2 consider4 robust'1 sound in health4 ben'efit ed1 made better2 helped4 intense'1 extreme4 moc'ca sin1 a kind of shoe made of deer-skin4 tem'po ra ry1 for a time4 pe cul'iar1 strange2 unusual4 in tel'li gent1 showing good sense4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,,story ,,of ,,the ,,sioux ,,war4 ,,part ,i4 ,in the summer of #ahfb1 while we were living in the ,state of ,minnesota1 ,i had an experience which ,i regard as one of the most remarkable that ,i ever met with4 ,we lived at ,lac ,qui ,parle1 or rather quite close to it1 for we were about a mile from the place4 ,there were only three of us--father1 mother1 and myself4 ,we had moved to ,minnesota three years before1 the main object of my parents being to restore their health2 for they were feeble and needed a change of climate4 ,the first year1 both father and mother were much benefited2 but not long after1 father began to fail4 ,i remember that he used to take his chair out in front of the house in pleasant weather and sit there1 with his eyes turned toward the blue horizon1 or into the depths of the vast wilderness which was not more than a stone's throw from our door4 ,mother would sometimes go out and sit beside father1 and they would talk long and earnestly in low tones4 ,i was too young to understand all this at the time1 but it was not long afterward that ,i learned the truth4 ,father was steadily and surely declining in health2 but mother had become strong and robust1 and her disease seemed to have left her altogether4 ,she tried to encourage father1 and really believed his weakness was only temporary4 ,scarcely a day passed that ,i did not see some of the ,sioux ,indians who were scattered through that portion of the ,state4 ,in going to1 and coming from the agency1 they would sometimes stop at our house4 ,father was very quick in picking up languages1 and he was able to converse quite easily with the red men4 ,how ,i used to laugh to hear them talk in their odd language1 which sounded to me just as if they were grunting at each other4 ,but the visits used to please father and mother1 and ,i was always glad to see some of the rather ragged and not over-clean warriors stop at the house4 ,i remember one hot day in ,june1 when father was sitting under a tree in front of the house1 and ,i was inside helping mother1 we heard the peculiar noises which told us that father had an ,indian visitor4 ,we both went to the door1 and ,i passed outside to laugh at their queer talk4 ,sure enough1 an ,indian was seated in the other chair1 and he and father were talking with great animation4 ,the ,indian was of a stout build1 and wore a straw hat with a broad1 red band around it2 he had on a fine1 black broad-cloth coat1 but his trousers were shabby and his shoes were pretty well worn4 ,his face was bright and intelligent1 and ,i watched it very closely as he talked in his earnest way with father1 who was equally animated in answering him4 ,the ,indian carried a rifle and a revolver--the latter being in plain sight at his waist--but ,i never connected the thought of danger with him as he sat there talking with father4 ,i describe this ,indian rather closely1 as he was no other than the well-known chief1 ,little ,crow1 who was at the head of the frightful ,sioux war1 which broke out within sixty days from that time4 ,the famous chieftain staid until the sun went down4 ,then he started up and walked away rapidly in the direction of ,lac ,qui ,parle4 ,father called good-by to him1 but he did not reply and soon disappeared in the woods4 ,the sky was cloudy1 and it looked as if a storm was coming2 so1 as it was dark and blustering1 we remained within doors the rest of the evening4 ,a fine drizzling rain began to fall1 and the darkness was intense4 ,the evening was well advanced1 and father was reading to us1 when there came a rap upon the door4 ,it was so gentle and timid that it sounded like the pecking of a bird1 and we all looked in the direction of the door1 uncertain what it meant4 ,it is a bird1 scared by the storm1 said father1 and we may as well admit it4 ,i sat much nearer the door than either of my parents1 and instantly started up and opened it4 ,as ,i did so1 ,i looked out into the gloom1 but sprung back the next moment with a low cry of alarm4 ,what's the matter8 asked father1 hastily laying down his book and walking rapidly toward me4 ,it isn't a bird2 it's a person4 ,as ,i spoke1 a little ,indian girl1 about my own age1 walked into the room1 and looking in each of our faces1 asked in the ,sioux language whether she could stay all night4 ,i closed the door and we gathered around her4 ,she had the prettiest1 daintiest moccasins1 but her limbs were bare from the knee downward4 ,she wore a large shawl about her shoulders1 while her coarse1 black hair hung loosely below her waist4 ,her face was very pretty1 and her eyes were as black as coal and seemed to flash fire whenever she looked upon any one4 ,of course1 her clothing was dripping with moisture1 and her call filled us all with wonder4 ,she could speak only a few words of ,english1 so her face lighted up with pleasure when father addressed her in the ,sioux language4 ,as near as we could find out1 her name was ,chitto1 and she lived with her parents at ,lac ,qui ,parle4 ,she told us that there were several families in a spot by themselves1 and that day they had secured a quantity of strong drink1 of which they were partaking very freely4 ,at such times ,indians are dangerous1 and ,little ,chitto was terrified almost out of her senses4 ,she fled through the storm and the darkness1 not caring where she went1 but only anxious to get away from the dreadful scene4 ,entering1 without any intention on her part1 the path in the woods1 she followed it until she saw in the distance the glimmer of the light in our window1 when she hastened to the house and asked for admission4 ,i need scarcely say it was gladly granted4 ,my mother removed the damp clothes from the little ,sioux girl1 and replaced them with some warm1 dry ones belonging to me4 ,at the same time she gave her hot1 refreshing tea1 and did every thing to make her comfortable4 ,i removed the little moccasins from the wondering ,chitto's feet1 kissed her dark cheeks1 and1 as ,i uttered expressions of pity1 though in an unknown tongue1 ,i am quite sure that they were understood by ,chitto1 who looked the gratitude she could not express4 ,she soon began to show signs of drowsiness and was put to bed with me1 falling asleep as soon as her head touched the pillow4 ,i lay awake a little longer and noticed that the storm had ceased4 ,the patter of the rain was heard no more upon the roof1 and the wind blew just as it sometimes does late in the fall4 ,at last ,i sunk into a sound sleep4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils write a short letter to some friend1 taking as a subject1 ,a ,visit from ,little ,crow1 as given on pages #bgb and #bgc4af ,let pupils add y to each of the following words1 make such other changes as may be necessary1 and then define them4 earth air fire water sleep rain rust fun fur stick ,what two words double their final letter before adding y8 ,fiery1 from fire1 is irregular in spelling4 #af ,this lesson4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,lviii4 de'mons1 spirits2 evil spirits4 groped1 found one's way by feeling with the hands4 pre'vi ous1 going before in time2 preceding4 in clined'1 leaning towards2 disposed4 dis tract'ed1 confused by grief4 ex pired'1 died4 stat'ue1 a figure carved to represent a living being4 stag'gered1 walked with trembling steps4 as cer tained'1 found out by inquiring4 re tain'1 keep possession of4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,,story ,,of ,,the ,,sioux ,,war4 ,,part ,,ii4 ,i awoke in the morning and saw the rays of the sun entering the window4 ,recalling the incidents of the previous evening1 ,i turned to speak to my young friend4 ,to my surprise she was gone1 and supposing she had risen a short time before1 ,i hurriedly dressed myself and went down stairs to help keep her company4 ,but she was not there1 and father and mother had seen nothing of her4 ,she had no doubt risen in the night and gone quietly away4 ,there was something curious and touching in the fact that she had groped about in the darkness1 until she found her own clothing1 which she put on and departed without taking so much as a pin that belonged to us4 ,we all felt a strong interest in ,chitto1 and father took me with him a few days later when he visited ,lac ,qui ,parle4 ,he made many inquiries for the little girl1 but could learn nothing about her4 ,i felt very much disappointed1 for ,i had built up strong hopes of taking her out home with me to spend several days4 ,father and ,i went a number of times afterward1 and always made an effort to discover ,chitto2 but we did not gain any knowledge of her4 ,on the afternoon of ,august #ai1 father was sitting in his accustomed seat in front of the house1 and mother was engaged1 as usual about her household duties4 ,i was playing and amusing myself as a girl of my age is inclined to do at all times4 ,the day was sultry and close1 and ,i remember that father was unusually pale and weak4 ,he coughed a great deal1 and sat for a long time so still that ,i thought he must be asleep4 ,mother1 said ,i1 what is that smoke yonder8 ,i pointed in the direction of ,lac ,qui ,parle4 ,she saw a dark column of smoke floating off in the horizon1 its location being such1 that there could be no doubt that it was at the ,agency4 ,there is a fire of some kind there1 she said1 while she shaded her eyes with her hand and gazed long and earnestly in that direction4 ,the ,indians are coming1 ,edward1 she called to father2 they will be here in a few minutes6 ,suddenly1 a splendid black horse came galloping from the woods1 and with two or three powerful bounds1 halted directly in front of me4 ,as it did so1 ,i saw that the bareback rider was a small girl1 and she was our little ,sioux friend1 ,chitto4 ,she made a striking picture1 with her long1 black hair streaming over her shoulders1 and her dress fluttering in the wind4 ,why1 ,chitto1 said ,i1 in amazement1 where did you come from8 ,must go--must go--must go6 she exclaimed1 in great excitement4 ,indian soon be here6 ,so it seemed that1 in the few weeks since she had been at our house1 she had picked up enough of the ,english language to make herself understood4 ,what do you mean8 asked mother1 as she and ,i advanced to the side of the black steed upon which the little ,sioux sat2 what are the ,indians doing8 ,they burn buildings--have killed people--coming this way6 ,chitto spoke the truth1 for the ,sioux were raging like demons at that very hour at ,lac ,qui ,parle4 ,what shall we do1 ,chitto8 asked my mother4 ,get on horse--he carry you4 ,but my husband2 the horse can not carry all three of us4 ,my poor distracted mother scarcely knew what to do4 ,all this time father sat like a statue in his chair4 ,a terrible suspicion suddenly entered her mind1 and she ran to him4 ,placing her hand upon his shoulder1 she addressed him in a low tone1 and then uttered a fearful shriek1 as she staggered backward1 saying3 ,he is dead6 he is dead6 ,such was the fact4 ,the shock of the news brought by the little ,indian girl was too much1 and he had expired in his chair without a struggle4 ,the wild cry which escaped my mother was answered by several whoops from the woods1 and ,chitto became frantic with terror4 ,indian be here in minute6 said she4 ,mother instantly helped me upon the back of the horse and then followed herself4 ,she was a skillful rider1 but she allowed ,chitto to retain the bridle1 and we started off4 ,looking back ,i saw a half-dozen ,sioux horsemen come out of the woods and start on a trot toward us4 ,just then ,chitto spoke to the horse1 and he bounded off at a terrible rate1 never halting until he had gone two or three miles4 ,then1 when we looked back1 we saw nothing of the ,indians1 and the horse was brought down to a walk2 and finally1 when the sun went down1 we entered a dense wood1 where we staid all night4 ,i shall not attempt to describe those fearful hours4 ,not one of us slept a wink4 ,mother sat weeping over the loss of father1 while ,i was heart-broken1 too4 ,chitto1 like the ,indian she was1 kept on the move continually4 ,here and there she stole as noiselessly through the wood as a shadow1 while playing the part of sentinel4 ,at daylight we all fell into a feverish slumber1 which lasted several hours4 ,when we awoke1 we were hungry and miserable4 ,seeing a settler's house in the distance1 ,chitto offered to go to it for food4 ,we were afraid she would get into trouble1 but she was sure there was no danger and went4 ,in less than an hour she was back again with an abundance of bread4 ,she said there was no one in the house1 and we supposed the people had become alarmed and escaped4 ,we staid where we were for three days1 during which time we saw a party of ,sioux warriors burn the house where ,chitto had obtained the food for us4 ,it seemed to mother that the ,indians would not remain at ,lac ,qui ,parle long1 and that we would be likely to find safety there4 ,accordingly1 she induced ,chitto to start on the return4 ,when we reached our house nothing was to be seen of father's body2 but we soon1 discovered a newly-made grave1 where we had reason to believe he was buried4 ,as was afterward ascertained1 he had been given a decent burial by orders of ,little ,crow himself1 who1 doubtless1 would have protected us1 had we awaited his coming4 ,we rode carefully through the woods1 and when we came out on the other side1 our hearts were made glad by the sight of the white tents of ,united ,states soldiers4 ,colonel ,sibley was encamped at ,lac ,qui ,parle1 and we were safe at last4 ,chitto disappeared from this post in the same sudden manner as before2 but ,i am happy to say that ,i have seen her several times since4 ,mother and ,i were afraid her people would punish her for the part she took in helping us1 but they did not4 ,probably the friendship which ,little ,crow showed toward our family1 may have had something to do with the gentle treatment which the ,indians showed her4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,supply the words omitted from the following sentences4 ,must go6 ,indian soon be here6 ,indian be here in minute6 ,let pupils make out an analysis for the subject-- ,our ,second ,visit from ,chitto1 and use it in giving that part of the story in their own words4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,lix4 e mit'1 send forth4 con'trast1 difference in form or appearance4 molt'en1 melted4 con'ic al1 having the shape of a cone4 vol'umes1 quantities2 masses4 char'ac ter1 kind2 formation4 del'uge1 flood2 drown4 com pre hen'sion1 the power of the mind to understand4 ap pall'ing1 terrifying4 grand'eur1 majesty2 vastness of size4 lu'rid1 gloomy2 dismal4 tre men'dous1 terrific2 awful4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,volcanoes4 ,in various parts of the earth1 there are mountains that send out from their highest peaks1 smoke1 ashes1 and fire4 ,mountains of this class are called volcanoes1 and they present a striking contrast to other mountains1 on account of their conical form and the character of the rocks of which they are composed4 ,all volcanoes have at their summits what are called craters4 ,these are large1 hollow1 circular openings1 from which the smoke and fire escape4 ,nearly all volcanoes emit smoke constantly4 ,this smoke proceeds from fires that are burning far down in the depths of the earth4 ,sometimes these fires burst forth from the crater of the volcano with tremendous force4 ,the smoke becomes thick and black1 and lurid flames shoot up to a height of hundreds of feet1 making a scene of amazing grandeur4 ,illustration ,with the flames there are thrown out stones1 ashes1 and streams of melted rock1 called lava4 ,this lava flows down the sides of the mountain1 and1 being red-hot1 destroys every thing with which it comes in contact4 ,at such times1 a volcano is said to be in eruption4 ,a volcanic eruption is generally preceded by low1 rumbling sounds1 and trembling of the earth's surface4 ,then follows greater activity of the volcano1 from which dense volumes of smoke and steam issue1 and fire and molten lava make their appearance4 ,such is the force of some of these eruptions1 that large rocks have been hurled to great distances from the crater1 and towns and cities have been buried under a vast covering of ashes and lava4 ,the quantity of lava and ashes which sometimes escapes from volcanoes during an eruption1 is almost beyond comprehension4 ,in #aggb1 a volcano in the island of ,java1 threw out ashes and cinders that covered the ground fifty feet deep1 for a distance of seven miles all around the mountain4 ,this eruption destroyed nearly forty towns and villages4 ,in #aghc1 a volcano in ,iceland sent out two streams of lava2 one forty miles long and seven miles wide1 and the other fifty miles long and fifteen miles wide4 ,these streams were from one hundred to six hundred feet deep4 ,near the city of ,naples1 ,italy1 is situated the volcano ,mt4 ,vesuvius4 ,this fiery monster has probably caused more destruction than any other volcano known4 ,in the year #gi ,a4,d41 it suddenly burst forth in a violent eruption1 that resulted in one of the most appalling disasters that ever happened4 ,such immense quantities of ashes1 stones1 and lava were poured forth from its crater1 that within the short space of twenty hours1 two large cities were completely destroyed4 ,these cities were ,herculaneum and ,pompeii4 ,at this eruption of ,vesuvius1 the stream of lava flowed directly through and over the city of ,herculaneum into the sea4 ,the quantity was so great that1 as it cooled and became hardened1 it gradually filled up all the streets and ran over the tops of the houses4 ,while the lava was thus turning the city into a mass of solid stone1 the inhabitants were fleeing from it along the shore toward ,naples1 and in boats on the sea4 ,at the same time1 too1 the wind carried the ashes and cinders in such a direction as to deluge the city of ,pompeii4 ,slowly and steadily the immense volume of ashes and small stones1 blocked up the streets and settled on the roofs of houses4 ,the light of the flames that burst out from the awful crater1 aided the people in their escape2 but many who for some reason could not get away1 perished4 ,pompeii was so completely covered that1 nothing could be seen of it4 ,thus it remained buried under the ground until the year #agdh1 when it was discovered by accident4 ,since that time much of the city has been uncovered1 and now one can walk along the streets1 look into the houses1 and form some idea how the people lived there eighteen hundred years ago4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils write an account of a supposed journey from their homes to ,naples1 telling about the route they would take1 and the particulars as to time and distance4 ,be very particular about handwriting1 spelling1 punctuation1 and capital letters4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,lx4 coot1 a water-bird4 hern 7her'on71 a wading bird4 ed'dying1 moving in small circles4 mal'low1 a kind of plant4 bick'er1 move quickly2 quarrel4 fal'low1 plowed land4 gray'ling1 a kind of fish4 cress'es1 a kind of water-plant4 sal'ly1 a rushing or bursting forth4 thorps1 villages4 bram'bly1 full of rough shrubs4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,brook4 ,i come from haunts of coot and hern1 ,i make a sudden sally1 ,and sparkle out among the fern1 ,to bicker down a valley4 ,by thirty hills ,i hurry down1 ,or slip between the ridges1 ,by twenty thorps1 a little town1 ,and half a hundred bridges4 ,till last by ,philip's farm ,i flow ,to join the brimming river1 ,for men may come1 and men may go1 ,but ,i go on forever4 ,i chatter over stony ways1 ,in little sharps and trebles1 ,i bubble into eddying bays1 ,i babble on the pebbles4 ,with many a curve my bank ,i fret ,by many a field and fallow1 ,and many a fairy foreland set ,with willow-wood and mallow4 ,i chatter1 chatter1 as ,i flow ,to join the brimming river1 ,for men may come1 and men may go1 ,but ,i go on forever4 ,i wind about1 and in and out1 ,with here a blossom sailing1 ,and here and there a lusty trout1 ,and here and there a grayling4 ,and here and there a foamy flake ,upon me1 as ,i travel ,with many a silvery waterbreak ,above the golden gravel4 ,and draw them all along1 and flow ,to join the brimming river1 ,for men may come1 and men may go1 ,but ,i go on forever4 ,i steal by lawns and grassy plots1 ,i slide by hazel covers2 ,i move the sweet forget-me-nots ,that grow for happy lovers4 ,i slip1 ,i slide1 ,i gloom1 ,i glance1 ,among my skimming swallows2 ,i make the netted sunbeam dance ,against my sandy shallows4 ,i murmur under moon and stars ,in brambly wildernesses2 ,i linger by my shingly bars2 ,i loiter round my cresses4 ,and out again ,i curve and flow ,to join the brimming river1 ,for men may come1 and men may go1 ,but ,i go on forever4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,point out the places in the poem where two lines should be joined in reading4 ,mark the inflection of the following lines4 ,i slip1 ,i slide1 ,i gloom1 ,i glance1 ,among my skimming swallows4 ,for men may come1 and men may go1 ,but ,i go on forever4 ,read the last two lines1 and state whether the inflected words are also emphatic words4 ,find a similar example of inflection and emphasis upon the same words in the last stanza of ,lesson ,,xxxvi4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils explain the meaning of the following expressions4 ,join the brimming river4 ,netted sunbeam4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,lxi4 de terred'1 kept from4 en'ter prise1 an undertaking4 im'ple ments1 articles used in a trade4 sur vey'ing1 measuring land4 in'di cated1 showed2 pointed out4 re clin'ing1 partly lying down4 re lease'1 let go4 con clu'sion1 final decision4 suc ces'sion1 following one after another4 hur'ri cane1 a high wind4 an'ec dote1 incident2 story4 com pact'1 closely put together4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,anecdote ,,of ,,washington4 ,,part ,i ,it was a calm1 sunny day in the year #agej2 the scene1 a piece of forest land in the north of ,virginia1 near a noble stream of water4 ,implements of surveying were lying about1 and several men reclining under the trees1 indicated by their dress and appearance1 that they were engaged in laying out the wild lands of the country4 ,these persons had just finished their dinner4 ,apart from the group walked a young man of a tall and compact frame1 who moved with the firm and steady tread of one accustomed to constant exercise in the open air4 ,his face wore a look of decision and manliness not usually found in one so young1 for he was but little over eighteen years of age4 ,suddenly there was a shriek1 then another1 and then several more in rapid succession4 ,the voice was that of a woman1 and seemed to proceed from the other side of a small piece of wooded land4 ,at the first scream1 the youth turned his head in the direction of the sound2 but when it was repeated1 he pushed aside the undergrowth and soon dashed into an open space on the banks of the stream1 where stood a small log-cabin4 ,as the young man broke from the undergrowth1 he saw his companions crowded together on the banks of the river1 while in their midst stood a woman1 from whom proceeded the shrieks he had heard4 ,she was held by two of the men1 but was struggling to free herself4 ,the instant the woman saw the young man1 she exclaimed1 ,o sir1 you will do something for me6 ,make them release me4 ,my boy--my poor boy is drowning1 and they will not let me go6 ,it would be madness2 she will jump into the river1 said one of the men1 and the rapids would dash her to pieces in a moment6 ,the youth had scarcely waited for these words2 for he remembered the child1 a bold little boy four years of age1 whose beautiful blue eyes and flaxen ringlets made him a favorite with every one4 ,he had been accustomed to play in the little inclosure before the cabin2 but the gate having been left open1 he had stolen out1 reached the edge of the bank1 and was in the act of looking over1 when his mother saw him4 ,the shriek she uttered only hastened the accident she feared2 for the child1 frightened at the cry of his mother1 lost his balance and fell into the stream1 which here went foaming and roaring along among rocks and dangerous rapids4 ,several of the men approached the edge of the river1 and were on the point of springing in after the boy4 ,but the sight of the sharp rocks crowding the channel1 the rush and whirl of the waters1 and the want of any knowledge where to look for the child1 deterred them1 and they gave up the enterprise4 ,not so with the noble youth4 ,his first act was to throw off his coat2 next to spring to the edge of the bank4 ,here he stood for a moment1 running his eyes rapidly over the scene below1 taking in with a glance the different currents and the most dangerous of the rocks1 in order to shape his course when in the stream4 ,he had scarcely formed his conclusion1 when he saw in the water a white object1 which he knew was the boy's dress2 and then he plunged into the wild and roaring rapids4 ,thank ,god1 he will save my child6 cried the mother2 there he is6--,o my boy1 my darling boy6 ,how could ,i leave you6 ,every one had rushed to the brink of the precipice and were now following with eager eyes the progress of the youth1 as the current bore him onward1 like a feather in the power of a hurricane4 ,now it seemed as if he would be dashed against a projecting rock1 over which the water flew in foam1 and a whirlpool would drag him in1 from whose grasp escape would appear impossible4 ,at times1 the current bore him under1 and he would be lost to sight2 then in a few seconds he would come to the surface again1 though his position would be far from where he had disappeared4 ,thus struggling amid the rocks and angry waters1 was the noble youth borne onward1 eager to succeed in his perilous undertaking4 ,those on shore looked on with breathless interest4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,point out the emphatic words and mark inflection in the third paragraph on page #bie4ag ,what effect has very strong emphasis upon inflection8 7,see ,directions for ,reading1 page #bch47ah ,should this lesson be read more slowly1 or somewhat faster than conversation8 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils fill blanks in the sentences given below1 using in turn1 each of the following sets of words3 7#a7 saw1 knew1 was1 plunged2 7#b7 sees1 knows1 is1 plunges2 7#c7 perceived1 thought1 was1 jumped2 7#d7 perceives1 thinks1 is1 jumps2 7#e7 noticed1 concluded1 was1 dived2 7#f7 notices1 concludes1 is1 dives4 ,he ---- in the water a white object1 which he ---- -- the boy's dress4 ,then he ---- into the roaring rapids4 ,when the first1 third1 and fifth sets of words are used1 the action is represented as something that is past2 but when the second1 fourth1 and sixth sets are used1 the action is represented as going on at the present time4 ,the forms of verbs 7action-words7 which are given in the first1 third1 and fifth sets are used to indicate past time1 and are called past tenses2 and the forms given in the second1 fourth1 and sixth sets are used to indicate present time1 and are called present tenses4 #ag ,see fifth paragraph from the end of the passage4 #ah ,see ,lesson ,l4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,lxii4 e merge'1 come out4 vor'tex1 water in whirling motion2 a whirlpool4 con fid'ed1 given into the care of4 vis'i ble1 in sight4 spec ta'tors1 those who look on4 vent'ured1 dared4 re ward'1 that which is received in return for one's acts4 des'ti nies1 lives and fortunes4 sup pressed'1 kept back4 re doub'led1 made twice as great4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,anecdote ,,of ,,washington4 ,,part ,,ii4 ,o1 how that mother's straining eyes followed the struggling youth6 ,how her heart sunk when he went under1 and with what joy she saw him emerge again from the waters1 and1 flinging the waves aside with his strong arms1 struggle on in pursuit of her boy6 ,but it seemed as if his generous efforts were not to succeed2 for1 though the current was bearing off the boy before his eyes1 scarcely ten feet distant1 he could not overtake the drowning child4 ,twice the boy went out of sight2 and a suppressed shriek escaped the mother's lips2 but twice he reappeared1 and then1 with hands wrung wildly together1 and breathless anxiety1 she followed his progress1 as his form was hurried onward4 ,the youth now appeared to redouble his exertions1 for they were approaching the most dangerous part of the river4 ,the rush of waters at this spot was tremendous1 and no one ventured to approach it1 even in a canoe1 lest he should be dashed to pieces4 ,what1 then1 would be the youth's fate1 unless he soon overtook the child8 ,he seemed fully sensible of the increasing peril1 and now urged his way through the foaming current with a desperate strength4 ,three times he was on the point of grasping the child1 when the water's whirled the prize from him4 ,the third effort was made just as they were entering within the influence of the current above the falls2 and when it failed1 the mother's heart sunk within her1 and she groaned1 fully expecting the youth to give up his task4 ,but no2 he only pressed forward the more eagerly2 and1 as they breathlessly watched1 amid the boiling waters1 they saw the form of the youth following close after that of the boy4 ,and now both pursuer and pursued shot to the brink of the falls4 ,an instant they hung there1 distinctly visible amid the foaming waters4 ,every brain grew dizzy at the sight4 ,but a shout burst from the spectators1 when they saw the child held aloft by the right arm of the youth--a shout that was suddenly changed to a cry of horror1 when they both vanished into the raging waters below6 ,the mother ran forward1 and then stood gazing with fixed eyes at the foot of the falls4 ,suddenly she gave the glad cry1 ,there they are6 ,see6 they are safe6 ,great ,god1 ,i thank ,thee6 ,and1 sure enough1 there was the youth still unharmed4 ,he had just emerged from the boiling vortex below the falls4 ,with1 one hand he held aloft the child1 and with the other he was making for the shore4 ,they ran1 they shouted1 they scarcely knew what they did1 until they reached his side1 just as he was struggling to the bank4 ,they drew him out almost exhausted4 ,the boy was senseless2 but his mother declared that he still lived1 as she pressed him to her bosom4 ,the youth could scarcely stand1 so faint was he from his exertions4 ,who can describe the scene that followed--the mother's calmness while striving to bring her boy to life1 and her wild gratitude to his preserver1 when the child was out of danger1 and sweetly sleeping in her arms8 ,god will give you a reward1 said she4 ,he will do great things for you in return for this day's work1 and the blessings of thousands besides mine will attend you4 ,and so it was3 for1 to the hero of that hour were afterward confided the destinies of a mighty nation4 ,throughout his long career1 what tended to make him honored and respected beyond all men1 was the spirit of self-sacrifice which1 in the rescue of that mother's child1 as in the more important events of his life1 characterized ,george ,washington4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,read the first two pages of the lesson quietly1 but not slowly4 ,about the middle of page #bii1 the manner of reading should be changed1 when the feeling of anxiety is turned to that of joy4#ai 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils rewrite the first paragraph of the lesson1 changing past tenses to present tenses throughout4 ,what effect will this change have upon the meaning8 #ai ,this lesson1 seventh paragraph from the end4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,lxiii ex ist'ing1 living4 mas'sive large and solid4 hy e'na1 a beast of prey4 cau'tion1 great care4 strat'a gem1 a secret way2 trick4 de pends'1 trusts to4 mar'vel ous1 wonderful4 jack'al1 a beast of prey4 pro cure'1 obtain4 a dorn'1 make beautiful4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,ostrich4 ,the ostrich is the largest of all birds now existing1 and is found chiefly in the sandy deserts of ,africa and ,arabia4 ,a full-grown ,african ostrich stands from seven to nine feet in height1 to the top of its head1 and will weigh from two to three hundred pounds4 ,the body of the ostrich is large and massive2 the legs are long1 measuring four feet or more1 and the neck is of about the same length as the legs4 ,the head is small for so large a bird2 but its feet with their two great toes are of good size1 and possess astonishing strength4 ,an ostrich's beak is short and blunt2 its neck slender and covered with gray down4 ,its eyes are large and bright1 and the sense of sight so keen that it can readily see a distance of from four to six miles4 ,it hears and sees equally well1 and can only be approached by stratagem4 ,the feathers of the male ostrich are of a glossy black1 with the exception of the large plumes of the wing-feathers1 which in both the male and female are snowy white4 ,to procure these beautiful white plumes is the chief object in hunting the ostrich4 ,those plumes when plucked are sent to foreign countries1 and used to adorn ladies' hats1 and for various other purposes4 ,the ostrich feeds on vegetable substances2 but as an aid to digestion1 it sometimes swallows stones1 glass1 paper1 nails1 and pieces of wood4 ,an incident is related of an ostrich on exhibition in ,paris1 swallowing a gold watch and chain4 ,a gentleman approached within reach of the beak of the bird1 and1 in the twinkling of an eye1 the watch and chain were snatched from his pocket and swallowed4 ,although the ostrich has wings1 it can not fly--it depends upon its strong legs and feet for speed1 and can run much faster than a horse4 ,the strength of the ostrich is marvelous4 ,its only weapon of defence is its long and muscular leg4 ,illustration4 ,it is accustomed to kick directly forward1 and it is said by those who have observed this habit1 that a single blow from its gigantic two-toed foot is sufficient to kill a panther1 a jackal1 or a hyena4 ,no better idea of its strength can be given than the fact of its being employed for riding4 ,a traveler1 writing about two ostriches he saw in a village in ,africa1 says3 ,these gigantic birds were so tame that two boys mounted together the larger one4 ,the ostrich no sooner felt their weight1 than it started off at full speed and carried them several times around the village4 ,this trial pleased me so much that ,i wished to have it repeated2 and in order to test their strength1 ,i had a full-grown man mount the smaller bird1 and two men the larger bird4 ,at first1 they started with caution2 but presently they spread their wings and went off at such a speed that they seemed scarcely to touch the ground4 ,the voice of the ostrich is deep and hollow1 and is said to resemble at times the roar of the lion4 ,the bird frequently makes a kind of cackling noise1 and when enraged at an enemy1 it hisses very loudly4 ,ostriches make their nests in the sand4 ,one female will1 in a single season1 lay from twenty to thirty eggs1 weighing about three pounds each4 ,most of these she places in the nest1 standing them on one end2 but some of them are left outside of the nest as food for her young when they are hatched4 ,the natives of ,africa are very fond of ostrich eggs1 using them for food4 ,in taking the eggs1 they exercise great caution2 for should the birds discover them1 they would break all the eggs and leave the nest4 ,young ostriches are readily tamed4 ,some families in ,africa keep them as we do chickens4 ,they play with children1 sleep in the houses1 and when a family moves1 the ostriches follow the camels1 frequently carrying the children on their backs4 ,within the past few years1 ostriches have been brought to this country2 and places called ostrich farms have been established in ,california and other ,states1 for the purpose of raising them for their feathers4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils point out any points that are omitted from the following ,analysis4--#a4 ,where the ostrich lives4 #b4 ,its size and appearance--body1 head1 neck1 eyes1 feathers1 and plumes4 #c4 ,its food4 #d4 ,an incident4 #e4 ,its speed4 #f4 ,its strength1--leg and foot4 #g4 ,riding ostriches4 #h4 ,voice of ostrich4 #i4 ,nests and habits of the birds4 #aj4 ,ostriches in this country4 ,change such points as may be found necessary1 and use the analysis in describing some well-known bird4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,lxiv4 plead1 urge as a reason4 breach1 a breaking1 as of a promise4 re buke'1 call attention to wrong-doing4 strew1 spread2 scatter4 chide1 find fault with4 re sent'nent1 anger on account of an injury4 un a vail'ing1 useless2 not helping in any way4 jus'tice1 honesty2 what is right4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,to-,,day ,,and ,,to-,,morrow4 ,if ,fortune1 with a smiling face1 ,strew roses on our way1 ,when shall we stoop to pick them up8-- ,to-day1 my friend1 to-day4 ,but should she frown with face of care1 ,and talk of coming sorrow1 ,when shall we grieve1 if grieve we must8-- ,to-morrow1 friend1 to-morrow4 ,if those who have wronged us own their fault1 ,and kindly pity pray1 ,when shall we listen and forgive8-- ,to-day1 my friend1 to-day4 ,but if stern justice urge rebuke1 ,and warmth from memory borrow1 ,when shall we chide1 if chide we dare8-- ,to-morrow1 friend1 to-morrow4 ,if those to whom we owe a debt ,are harmed unless we pay1 ,when shall we struggle to be just8-- ,to-day1 my friend1 to-day4 ,but if our debtor fail our hope1 ,and plead his ruin thorough1 ,when shall we weigh his breach of faith8-- ,to-morrow1 friend1 to-morrow4 ,for virtuous acts and harmless joys ,the minutes will not stay2-- ,we have always time to welcome them ,to-day1 my friend1 to-day4 ,but care1 resentment1 angry words1 ,and unavailing sorrow1 ,come far too soon1 if they appear ,to-morrow1 friend1 to-morrow4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,let some pupil in the class state the manner in which the lesson should be read4 ,what is the effect of repeating the words to-day and to-morrow1 in the fourth and eighth lines of each stanza8 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils give the meaning of each stanza in their own words4 ,warmth from memory borrow means become more angry when we remember our own acts of kindness toward the person now doing us injury4 ,explain the meaning of the following expressions4 ,strew roses on our way4 ,breach of faith4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,lxv4 ref'uge1 a place of safety4 fo'li age1 leaves and branches of trees or shrubs4 op pressed'1 heavily burdened4 be tray'1 give information to an enemy4 con trived'1 managed2 arranged4 rec'og nized1 knew by seeing4 ren'der1 give2 make4 im'mi nent1 close by2 threatening4 com pel'1 make one do any thing4 cav'al ry1 soldiers mounted on horses4 false1 not true2 unreal4 re spond'ed1 answered2 replied4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,an ,,incident ,,of ,,the ,,revolution4 ,during the ,revolutionary ,war1 when the ,american people were fighting for independence1 a governor of one of the colonies found himself in great danger of being captured by ,british soldiers4 ,the governor1 whose name was ,griswold1 contrived to reach the house of a relative1 and while there1 was informed that the soldiers had discovered his place of refuge and were then on their way to seize him4 ,griswold at once realizing that his peril was imminent1 determined1 if possible1 to reach a small stream1 where he had left a boat so hidden1 by the foliage that it could not be seen from the road4 ,in great haste and excitement1 he left the house and proceeded in the direction of the river4 ,passing through an orchard1 he encountered a young girl about twelve years old4 ,she was watching some pieces of linen cloth which were stretched out on the grass for the purpose of bleaching4 ,hetty--that was the girl's name--was seated under a tree with her knitting1 and had near her a pail of water1 from which she occasionally sprinkled the cloths to keep them damp4 ,she started up and was somewhat frightened when she saw a man leaping over the fence2 but soon recognized him to be her cousin4 ,o1 is it you1 cousin6 exclaimed ,hetty2 you frightened me--where are you going8 ,hetty1 he replied1 the soldiers are seeking for me1 and ,i shall lose my life1 unless ,i can reach the boat before they come4 ,i want you to run down toward the shore and meet them4 ,they will surely ask for me2 and then you must tell them that ,i have gone up the road to catch the mail-cart1 and they will turn off the other way4 ,but1 cousin1 how can ,i say so8--it would not be true4 ,o1 why did you tell me which way you were going8 ,would you betray me1 ,hetty1 and see me put to death8 ,hark6 they are coming4 ,i hear the clink of their horses' feet4 ,tell them ,i have gone up the road and ,heaven will bless you4 ,those who speak false words will never be happy1 said ,hetty4 ,but they shall not compel me to tell which way you go1 even if they kill me--so run as fast as you can4 ,i am afraid it is too late to run1 ,hetty2 where can ,i hide myself8 ,be quick1 cousin4 ,get down and lie under this cloth2 ,i will throw it over you and go on sprinkling the linen4 ,i will do it1 for it is my last chance4 ,he was soon concealed under the heavy folds of the long cloth4 ,a few minutes afterward1 a party of cavalry dashed along the road4 ,an officer saw the girl and called out to her in a loud voice-- ,have you seen a man run this way8 ,yes1 sir1 replied ,hetty4 ,which way did he go8 ,i promised not to tell1 sir4 ,but you must tell me this instant2 or it will be worse for you4 ,i will not tell1 for ,i must keep my word4 ,let me question her1 for ,i think ,i know the child1 said a man who was guide to the party4 ,is your name ,hetty ,marvin8 ,yes1 sir4 ,perhaps the man who ran past you was your cousin8 ,yes1 sir1 he was4 ,well1 we wish to speak with him4 ,what did he say to you when1 he came by8 ,he told me that he had to run to save his life4 ,just so--that was quite true4 ,i hope he will not have far to run4 ,where was he going to hide himself8 ,my cousin said that he would go to the river to find a boat1 and he wanted me to tell the men in search of him that he had gone the other way to meet the mail-cart4 ,you are a good girl1 ,hetty1 and we know you speak the truth4 ,what did your cousin say when he heard that you could not tell a lie to save his life8 ,he asked1 would ,i betray him and see him put to death8 ,and you said you would not tell1 if you were killed for it4 ,poor ,hetty's tears fell fast as she responded1 ,yes1 sir4 ,those were brave words1 and ,i suppose he thanked you and ran down the road as fast as he could8 ,i promised not to tell which way he went1 sir4 ,o yes1 ,i forgot2 but tell me his last words1 and ,i will not trouble you any more4 ,he said1 ',i will do it1 for it is my last chance4' ,hetty was now oppressed with great fear2 she sobbed aloud1 and hid her face in her apron4 ,the soldiers thought they had obtained all the information they could1 and rode off toward the river-side4 ,while ,griswold lay hidden at the farm1 he had agreed upon a signal with his boatmen1 that if in trouble he would put a white cloth by day1 or a light at night1 in the attic window of his place of concealment4 ,when either signal was seen1 the men were to be on the watch1 ready to render him assistance in case of need4 ,no sooner had the soldiers ridden away1 than ,griswold's friends in the house hung out a white cloth from the window1 to warn the boatmen1 who then pulled out to sea4 ,the boat1 with two men in it1 was nearly out of sight by the time the soldiers reached the shore1 and this caused them to conclude that ,griswold had effected his escape4 ,meantime he lay safe and quiet until the time came for ,hetty to go home to supper4 ,then he requested her to go and ask her mother to put the signal-lamp in the window as it grew dark1 and send him clothes and food4 ,the signal was seen1 the boat returned1 and ,griswold made his way to it in safety4 ,in better days1 when the war was over1 and peace declared1 he named one of his daughters ,hetty ,marvin1 that he might daily think of the brave young cousin whose sense and truth-speaking had saved his life4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,lxvi4 con sume'1 use entirely2 exhaust4 cul ti va'tion1 attending to the growth of plants4 ex'ports1 the products of a country which are sold to other countries trans por ta'tion1 carrying4 o'val1 shaped like an egg4 prin'ci pal1 chief2 that which is most important4 es'ti mat ed1 stated in regard to quantity4 se lect'ed1 chosen2 picked out4 ter'mi nates1 comes to an end4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,tropical ,,fruits4 ,those who have not visited tropical countries1 can scarcely imagine the wonders of their vegetation4 ,there is nothing in the northern half of the ,united ,states1 with which to compare the richness of the vegetable growth of the tropics4 ,in the ,southern ,states of our ,union1 as well as in ,mexico and ,central ,america1 there are found many of the same plants and trees that grow in countries lying still nearer the equator4 ,the various kinds of fruits which grow in these countries1 form a very large portion of the exports4 ,among those that are most commonly sent to us1 are bananas1 oranges1 lemons1 dates1 cocoa-nuts1 and figs4 ,in countries where the banana grows most abundantly1 no article of food which the natives can obtain1 requires so little trouble in its cultivation4 ,one has only to set out a few banana sprouts1 and await the result4 ,in a short time1 a juicy stem shoots up to the height of fifteen or twenty feet4 ,it is formed of nothing more than a number of leaf stalks rolled one over the other1 and grows sometimes to a thickness of two feet4 ,two gigantic leaves grow out from the top1 ten feet long and two feet broad4 ,they are so very thin and tender that a light wind splits them into ribbons4 ,from the center of the leaves a very strong stalk rises up1 which supports the cluster of bananas4 ,there are sometimes over one hundred bananas to a single stalk4 ,a cluster of ripe bananas will weigh from sixty to seventy pounds1 and represents a large amount of food4 ,when a stalk has produced and ripened its fruit1 it begins to wither and soon dies4 ,in a very short time1 however1 new sprouts spring up from the old root1 and ere long the native has another cluster4 ,so rapidly do they follow each other1 that one cluster is scarcely consumed before another one is ready to ripen4 ,bananas ripened on the stalk will not bear transportation to any great distance2 therefore1 when selected for export1 the clusters are cut off while the bananas are very green4 ,another valuable fruit of the tropics is the date4 ,this fruit grows on a tree called the date-palm1 that is found in both ,asia and ,africa4 ,the date-palm is a majestic tree1 rising to the height of sixty feet or more1 without branches1 and with a trunk of uniform thickness throughout its entire length4 ,it begins to bear fruit about eight years after it has been planted1 and continues to be productive from seventy to one hundred years4 ,dates are oval in shape1 and have a long solid stone4 ,they form the principal food of the inhabitants of some of the eastern countries1 and are an important article of commerce4 ,when they are perfectly ripe1 they possess a delightful perfume1 and are very agreeable to the taste4 ,in preparing dates to be sent to distant countries1 they are gathered a short time before they are quite ripe1 dried in the sun on mats1 and finally packed in boxes or straw sacks4 ,travelers in the deserts of ,africa1 often carry dried dates with them for their chief food1 during a journey of hundreds of miles4 ,the ,arabs grind dried dates into a powder which they call date flour4 ,if this is packed away in a dry place1 it will keep for years1 and only has to be moistened with a little water to prepare it for eating4 ,one of the most valuable and productive of tropical trees is the cocoa-nut palm4 ,it grows largely in both the ,east and ,west ,indies1 and elsewhere throughout the torrid zone4 ,it rises to a height of from sixty to one hundred feet1 and terminates in a crown1 of graceful1 waving leaves4 ,some of these leaves reach a length of twenty feet1 and have the appearance of gigantic feathers4 ,the fruit consists of a thick outward husk of a fibrous structure1 and within this1 is the ordinary cocoa-nut of commerce4 ,the shell of the nut is hard and woody1 and a little over a quarter of an inch in thickness4 ,next to this shell is the kernel1 which is also a shell about half an inch thick1 and composed of a white substance very pleasant to the taste4 ,within this white eatable shell1 is a milky liquid1 called cocoa-nut milk4 ,illustration ,the cocoa-nut is very useful to the natives of the regions in which it grows4 ,the nuts supply a large portion of their food1 and the milky fluid inclosed within1 forms a pleasant and refreshing drink4 ,the shell of the nut is made into cups1 and from the kernel1 cocoa-nut oil is pressed out and largely used in making soap and for other purposes4 ,in ,ceylon1 the tree is cultivated extensively4 ,it is estimated that there are twenty million trees in that island1 and that each tree produces about sixty nuts yearly4 ,the wealth of a native is based upon the number of cocoa-nut palms he owns4 ,another well-known tropical fruit is the fig1 which grows on a bush or small tree about eighteen or twenty feet high4 ,the fig-tree is now cultivated in all the ,mediterranean countries1 but the larger portion of the ,american supply comes from western ,asia and the south of ,france4 ,the varieties are extremely numerous1 and the fruit is of various colors1 from deep purple to yellow1 or nearly white4 ,the trees usually bear two crops--one in the early summer1 the other in the autumn4 ,when ripe1 the figs are picked and spread out to dry in the sun4 ,thus prepared1 the fruit is packed closely in barrels1 baskets1 or wooden boxes1 for commerce4 ,oranges and lemons are cultivated in nearly all warm countries4 ,they grow on trees somewhat smaller than apple trees1 and must be picked for export while they are hard and green4 ,they ripen during transportation1 so that green oranges put up and sent to us from ,sicily or other distant points1 change to a golden yellow color by the time they reach us4 ,oranges are grown largely in ,florida and ,louisiana1 extensive orange orchards being frequently met with in traveling through those ,states4 ,the oranges grown there are considered very choice1 and are generally sweeter than those brought from ,italy4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,define the following words1 giving the meaning of each part as indicated by hyphens3 ex-port-ing1 un-common-ly1 dis-trust-ful1 pro-vid-ing1 un-bear-able1 un-hope-ful4 ,the syllables placed before a stem are called prefixes2 those placed after a stem1 suffixes4 ,the words shall and will are used to indicate future time2 as1 ,i shall go2 you will go2 he will go4 ,the three tenses of an action may in a general way be represented by the words yesterday1 to-day1 and to-morrow4 ,let pupils fill blanks in the following statements1 and state the tense of each action4 ,we ---- go to see them next week4 ,john ---- last night4 ,you and ,i ---- in school at the present time4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,lxvii4 found'ed1 established2 placed4 gar'ri son1 soldiers stationed in a fort or town4 strode1 walked with long steps4 coun'cil1 a number of men called together for advice4 in cit'ing1 moving to action4 de vot'ed1 very much attached4 de feat'ed1 overcome4 cul'ture1 a high state of knowledge4 or'na ment ed1 adorned4 wam'pum1 shells used by the ,indians as money or for ornament4 fan tas'tic1 wild2 irregular4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,story ,,of ,,detroit4 ,the early history of ,detroit is highly romantic4 ,it was founded in #agja as a military colony4 ,it soon became one of the most important of the western outposts of ,canada1 and as the ,french and ,indians were usually on the most friendly terms1 the colony for a long time existed in a state of happiness and contentment4 ,at the close of the ,french ,war1 ,detroit contained over two thousand inhabitants4 ,canadian dwellings with their lovely gardens lined the banks of the river for miles4 ,within the limits of the settlement were several ,indian villages4 ,here the light-hearted ,french-,canadian smoked his pipe and told his story1 and the friendly ,indian supplied him with game and joined in his merry-making4 ,in the year #agfj1 ,detroit was taken possession of by the ,english4 ,the ,indians hated the ,english1 as much as they had loved the ,french4 ,pontiac1 the ruling spirit of the forests at this time1 was a most powerful and statesmanlike chief4 ,when he found that his friends1 the ,french1 had lost their power1 he sought to unite the ,indian tribes against the ,english colonies1 and to destroy the ,english garrison at ,detroit by strategy4 ,he was chief of the ,ottawas1 but possessed great influence over several other tribes4 ,pontiac believed1 and that truly1 that the establishment of ,english colonies would be fatal to the interests of the ,indian race4 ,he strode through the forests like a giant1 inciting the tribes to war4 ,he urged a union of all the ,indian nations from the lakes to the ,mississippi for the common defense of the race4 ,there lived near ,detroit a beautiful ,indian girl1 called ,catharine4 ,the ,english commander1 ,gladwyn1 was pleased with her1 and showed her many favors1 and she formed a warm friendship for him4 ,one lovely day in ,may1 this girl came to the fort and brought ,gladwyn a pair of elk-skin moccasins4 ,she appeared very sad4 ,catharine1 said ,gladwyn1 what troubles you to-day8 ,she did not answer at once4 ,there was a silent struggle going on in her heart4 ,she had formed a strong attachment for the white people1 and she was also devoted to her own race4 ,to-morrow1 she said at length1 ,pontiac will come to the fort with sixty of his chiefs4 ,each will be armed with a gun1 which will be cut short and hidden under his blanket4 ,the chief will ask to hold a council4 ,he will then make a speech1 and offer a belt of wampum as a peace-offering4 ,as soon as he holds up the belt1 the chiefs will spring up and shoot the officers1 and the ,indians outside will attack the ,english4 ,every ,englishman will be killed4 ,the ,french inhabitants will be spared4 ,gladwyn made immediate preparations to avoid the danger which threatened them4 ,the soldiers were put under arms4 ,orders were given to have them drawn up in line on the arrival of the ,indians the following day4 ,the next morning ,indian canoes approached the fort from the eastern shores4 ,they contained ,pontiac and his sixty chiefs4 ,at ten o'clock the chiefs marched to the fort1 in fantastic procession4 ,each wore a colored blanket1 and was painted1 plumed1 or in some way gaily ornamented4 ,as ,pontiac entered the fort1 a glance showed him that his plot was discovered4 ,he passed in amazement through glittering rows of steel1 he made a speech1 expressing friendship2 but he did not dare to lift the wampum belt which was to have been the signal for attack4 ,he was allowed to depart peaceably4 ,when he found that his plot had been discovered1 his anger knew no bounds4 ,he gathered his warriors from every hand and laid siege to ,detroit4 ,he was defeated1 and with his defeat ended the power of the ,indian tribes in the region of the ,upper ,lakes4 ,detroit became an ,english town1 and afterward an ,american city4 ,she has gathered to herself the wealth of the fertile regions which lie around her1 as well as the commerce of the broad inland seas on either hand4 ,to-day she has more than one hundred and twenty thousand inhabitants1 and is famous for her wealth and culture4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils review1 as a written exercise1 the spelling of the following words4 treasure rheumatism group desperate release mischievous courtesy separate weary approach redoubled vegetable stealthy caution mighty stratagem peasants exhausted fortnight spectator concealed draughts knowledge necessary freight guidance flickering particular ,in the sentences given below1 change the verbs so as to represent the action as completed4 ,the chiefs march to the fort in fantastic procession4 ,they find that their plot is discovered4 ,pontiac immediately gathers his warriors from every hand1 and lays siege to ,detroit4 ,he is defeated1 and with his defeat1 the power of the ,indian tribes is at an end4 ,in the last two sentences1 change the verbs so as to represent future time4 ,let pupils make out an analysis and use it in treating the subject-- ,the town 7or city7 that ,i live in4 ,suggestion4--,include the location and early history of the town4 ,its present population4 ,its different manufactures4 ,how to get to it4 ,its chief points of interest to a stranger4 ,anecdotes4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,lxviii4 heave1 raise2 lift4 mack'er el1 a fish spotted with blue1 and largely used for food4 con geals'1 freezes2 grows hard from cold4 ant'lers1 branching horns4 a main'1 suddenly2 at once4 lurks1 lies hidden4 reels1 frames for winding fishing lines4 teem'ing1 containing in abundance4 car'i bou1 a kind of reindeer4 ,mick'mack1 a tribe of ,indians4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,fishermen4 ,hurra6 the seaward breezes ,sweep down the bay amain2 ,heave up1 my lads1 the anchor6 ,run up the sail again6 ,leave to the lubber landsmen ,the rail-car and the steed2 ,the stars of heaven shall guide us ,the breath of heaven shall speed4 ,from the hill-top looks the steeple1 ,and the light-house from the sand2 ,and the scattered pines are waving ,their farewell from the land4 ,one glance1 my lads1 behind us1 ,for the homes we leave1 one sigh1 ,ere we take the change and chances ,of the ocean and the sky4 ,where in mist the rock is hiding1 ,and the sharp reef lurks below1 ,and the white squall smites in summer1 ,and the autumn tempests blow2 ,where1 through gray and rolling vapor1 ,from evening unto morn1 ,a thousand boats are hailing1 ,horn answering unto horn4 ,hurra6 for the ,red ,island1 ,with the white cross on its crown6 ,hurra6 for ,meccatina1 ,and its mountains bare and brown6 ,where the caribou's tall antlers ,o'er the dwarf-wood freely toss1 ,and the footsteps of the ,mickmack ,have no sound upon the moss4 ,there we'll drop our lines1 and gather ,old ocean's treasures in1 ,where'er the mottled mackerel ,turns up a steel-dark fin4 ,the sea's our field of harvest1 ,its scaly tribes our grain2 ,we'll reap the teeming waters ,as at home they reap the plain4 ,though the mist upon our jackets ,in the bitter air congeals1 ,and our lines wind stiff and slowly ,from off the frozen reels2 ,though the fog be dark around us1 ,and the storm blow high and loud1 ,we will whistle down the wild wind1 ,and laugh beneath the cloud6 ,hurra6--,hurra6--the west wind ,comes freshening down the bay1 ,the rising sails are filling-- ,give way1 my lads1 give way6 ,leave the coward landsman clinging ,to the dull earth like a weed-- ,the stars of heaven shall guide us1 ,the breath of heaven shall speed6 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,let some pupil in the class state in what manner the lesson should be read4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,change the verbs throughout the sixth stanza so as to represent past action4 ,give the time indicated in the following sentences4 ,i am thinking about it4 ,i am going to-morrow4 ,as verb-forms do not always determine the time of an action1 we must call an action past1 present1 or future1 in accordance with the meaning indicated by the verb4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,lxix4 op er a'tions1 ways of working2 deeds4 e vap'o rat ed1 has the moisture taken from it4 au'ger1 a tool used in boring holes4 shan'ty1 a hut2 a poor dwelling4 e nor'mous1 of very large size4 su per in tend'ing1 directing2 taking care of4 an nounce'1 give first notice of2 make known4 de li'cious1 affording great pleasure1 especially to the taste4 de'tails1 small parts of any thing4 clar'i fied1 made clear or pure4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,making ,,maple ,,sugar4 ,,part ,i4 ,there is no part of farming that a boy enjoys more than the making of maple sugar2 it is better than blackberrying1 and nearly as good as fishing4 ,and one reason he likes this work is that somebody else does the most of it4 ,it is a sort of work in which he can appear to be very active1 and yet not do much4 ,in my day maple-sugar-making used to be something between picnicking and being shipwrecked on a fertile island1 where one should save from the wreck1 tubs and augers1 and great kettles and pork1 and hen's-eggs and rye-and-indian bread1 and begin at once to lead the sweetest life in the world4 ,i am told that it is something different nowadays1 and that there is more desire to save the sap1 and make good1 pure sugar1 and sell it for a large price4 ,i am told that it is the custom to carefully collect the sap and bring it to the house1 where there are built brick arches1 over which it is evaporated in shallow pans1 and that pains are taken to keep the leaves1 sticks1 ashes and coals out of it1 and that the sugar is clarified4 ,in short1 that it is a money-making business1 in which there is very little fun1 and that the boy is not allowed to dip his paddle into the kettle of boiling sugar and lick off the delicious syrup4 ,as ,i remember1 the country boy used to be on the lookout in the spring for the sap to begin running4 ,i think he discovered it as soon as anybody4 ,perhaps he knew it by a feeling of something starting in his own veins--a sort of spring stir in his legs and arms1 which tempted him to stand on his head1 or throw a handspring1 if he could find a spot of ground from which the snow had melted4 ,the sap stirs early in the legs of a country boy1 and shows itself in uneasiness in the toes1 which1 get tired of boots1 and want to come out and touch the soil just as soon as the sun has warmed it a little4 ,the country boy goes barefoot just as naturally as the trees burst their buds1 which were packed and varnished over in the fall to keep the water and the frost out4 ,perhaps the boy has been out digging into the maple-trees with his jack-knife2 at any rate1 he is pretty sure to announce the discovery as he comes running into the house in a state of great excitement1 with ,sap's runnin'6 ,and then1 indeed1 the stir and excitement begin4 ,the sap-buckets1 which have been stored in the wood-house1 are brought down and set out on the south side of the house and scalded4 ,the snow is still a foot or more deep in the woods1 and the ox-sled is got out to make a road to the sugar camp4 ,the boy is every-where present1 superintending every thing1 asking questions1 and filled with a desire to help the excitement4 ,it is a great day when the cart is loaded with the buckets1 and the procession starts into the woods4 ,the sun shines brightly2 the snow is soft and beginning to sink down2 the snow-birds are twittering about1 and the noise of shouting and of the blows of the axe echoes far and wide4 ,in the first place the men go about and tap the trees1 drive in the spouts1 and hang the buckets under4 ,the boy watches all these operations with the greatest interest4 ,he wishes that some time when a hole is bored into a tree that the sap would spout out in a stream1 as it does when a cider-barrel is tapped4 ,but it never does1 it only drops1 sometimes almost in a stream1 but on the whole slowly1 and the boy learns that the sweet things of the world have to be patiently waited for1 and do not usually come otherwise than drop by drop4 ,then the camp is to be cleared of snow4 ,the shanty is re-covered with boughs4 ,in front of it two enormous logs are rolled nearly together1 and a fire is built between them4 ,forked sticks are set at each end1 and a long pole is laid on them1 and on this are hung the great iron kettles4 ,the huge hogsheads are turned right side up1 and cleaned out to receive the sap that is gathered4 ,the great fire that is kindled is never allowed to go out1 night or day1 so long as the season lasts4 ,somebody is always cutting wood to feed it2 somebody is busy most of the time gathering in the sap4 ,somebody is required to watch the kettles that they do not boil over1 and to fill them4 ,it is not the boy1 however2 he is too busy with things in general to be of any use in details4 ,he has his own little sap-yoke and small pails1 with which he gathers the sweet liquid4 ,he has a little boiling-place of his own1 with small logs and a tiny kettle4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,in the second line of the lesson1 after the word more1 a pause should be made for the purpose of giving special effect to the words which follow4 ,this is called a rhetorical pause4 ,in the third and fourth lines1 point out the rhetorical pauses4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let some pupil explain the meaning of the third paragraph of the lesson4 ,change the verbs in the last paragraph so as to indicate future time4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,lxx4 grim'y1 dirty4 re al i za'tion1 the act of coming true4 in vent'ed1 found out2 contrived4 per mit'ted1 allowed4 dis solved'1 melted2 broken up4 a vid'i ty1 eagerness4 re duced'1 made smaller in quantity4 sen sa'tion1 feeling4 crys'tal lize1 change into hard particles of a regular shape4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,making ,,maple ,,sugar4 ,,part ,,ii4 ,in the great kettles the boiling of the sap goes on slowly1 and the liquid1 as it thickens1 is dipped from one to another1 until in the end kettle it is reduced to syrup1 and is taken out to cool and settle1 until enough is made to sugar off4 ,to sugar off is to boil the syrup until it is thick enough to crystallize into sugar4 ,this is the grand event1 and is only done once in two or three days4 ,but the boy's desire is to sugar off all the time4 ,he boils his kettle down as rapidly as possible2 he is not particular about chips1 scum1 or ashes4 ,he is apt to burn his sugar2 but if he can get enough to make a little wax on the snow1 or to scrape from the bottom of the kettle with his wooden paddle1 he is happy4 ,a great deal is wasted on his hands1 and the outside of his face1 and on his clothes1 but he does not care2 he is not stingy4 ,to watch the operations of the big fire gives him constant pleasure4 ,sometimes he is left to watch the boiling kettles1 with a piece of pork tied on the end of a stick1 which he dips into the boiling mass when it threatens to go over4 ,he is constantly tasting of it1 however1 to see if it is not almost syrup4 ,he has a long1 round stick1 whittled smooth at one end1 which he uses for this purpose1 at the constant risk of burning his tongue4 ,the smoke blows in his face2 he is grimy with ashes2 he is altogether such a mass of dirt1 stickiness1 and sweetness1 that his own mother wouldn't know him4 ,he likes to boil eggs with the hired man in the hot sap2 he likes to roast potatoes in the ashes1 and he would live in the camp day and night if he were permitted4 ,to sleep there with the men1 and awake in the night and hear the wind in the trees1 and see the sparks fly up to the sky1 is a perfect realization of all the stories of adventures he has ever read4 ,he tells the other boys afterward that he heard something in the night that sounded very much like a bear4 ,the hired man says that he was very much scared by the hooting of an owl4 ,the great occasions for the boy1 though1 are the times of sugaring off4 ,sometimes this used to be done in the evening1 and it was made the excuse for a frolic in the camp4 ,the neighbors were invited2 sometimes even the pretty girls from the village1 who filled all the woods with their sweet voices and merry laughter1 were there1 too4 ,the tree branches all show distinctly in the light of the fire1 which lights up the bough shanty1 the hogsheads1 the buckets on the trees1 and the group about the boiling kettles1 until the scene is like something taken out of a fairy play4 ,at these sugar parties every one was expected to eat as much sugar as possible2 and those who are practiced in it can eat a great deal4 ,it is a peculiar fact about eating warm maple sugar1 that though you may eat so much of it one day as to be sick1 you will want it the next day more than ever4 ,at the sugaring off they used to pour the hot sugar upon the snow1 where it congealed into a sort of wax1 which ,i suppose is the most delicious substance that was ever invented4 ,and it takes a great while to eat it4 ,if you should close your teeth firmly on a lump of it1 you would be unable to open your mouth until it dissolved4 ,the sensation while it is melting is very pleasant1 but it will not do to try to talk1 for you can not4 ,the boy used to make a big lump of it and give it to the dog1 who seized it with great avidity1 and closed his jaws on it1 as dogs will on any thing4 ,it was funny the next moment to see the expression of perfect surprise on the dog's face when he found that he could not open his jaws4 ,he shook his head2 he sat down in despair2 he ran round in a circle2 he dashed into the woods and back again4 ,he did every thing except climb a tree1 and howl4 ,it would have been such a relief to him if he could have howled4 ,but that was the one thing he could not do4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils change the verbs in the following lines1 so that they will indicate present time4 ,he shook his head2 he sat down in despair2 he ran around in a circle2 he dashed into the woods and back again4 ,suggestion4--,let the teacher1 from time to time1 select stories1 and have them read before the class4 ,after the reading1 let pupils make oral analyses4 ,the stories should be short1 and the exercise conducted without the use of pencils or paper4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,lxxi4 en'sign1 flag4 dis man'tled1 stripped of masts1 sails1 and guns4 pa tri ot'ic1 full of love for one's country4 hulk1 a dismantled ship4 frig'ate1 a ship of war4 tat'tered1 torn4 me'te or1 a fiery body in the heavens4 van'quished1 conquered2 overcome4 har'pies1 destroyers4 manned1 supplied with men4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,old ,,ironsides4 ,during our second war with ,great ,britain1 which began in the year #ahab1 many battles were fought both on land and sea4 ,among the ships of war belonging to the ,united ,states ,government1 was a frigate named the ,constitution4 ,she was built about the beginning of the present century1 and owing to her good fortune in many engagements1 her seamen gave her the name of ,old ,ironsides4 ,she was in active service throughout the entire war1 and captured five ships of war from the ,british1 two of which were frigates4 ,in all her service1 her success was remarkable4 ,she never lost her masts1 never went ashore1 and though so often in battle1 no very serious loss of life ever occurred on her decks4 ,her entire career was that of what is called in the navy a lucky ship4 ,perhaps this may be explained by the fact that she always had excellent commanders1 and that she probably possessed as fine a ship's company as ever manned a frigate4 ,in #ahbi1 the ,government ordered the ,constitution to be dismantled and taken to pieces1 because she had become unfit for service4 ,at that time1 ,oliver ,wendell ,holmes1 who has since become famous as a writer1 was a young man twenty years of age1 about completing his studies at ,harvard ,college4 ,when he heard of the intended destruction of ,old ,ironsides1 he went directly to his room1 and1 inspired by patriotic feelings1 wrote the following poem4 ,,old ,,ironsides4 ,ay1 tear her tattered ensign down6 ,long has it waved on high1 ,and many an eye has danced to see ,that banner in the sky2 ,beneath it rung the battle shout ,and burst the cannons' roar3 ,the meteor of the ocean air ,shall sweep the clouds no more4 ,her deck1 once red with heroes' blood1 ,where knelt the vanquished foe1 ,when winds were hurrying o'er the flood ,and waves were white below1 ,no more shall feel the victors' tread1 ,or know the conquered knee3 ,the harpies of the shore shall pluck ,the eagle of the sea6 ,o1 better that her shattered hulk ,should sink beneath the wave6-- ,her thunders shook the mighty deep1 ,and there should be her grave4 ,nail to the mast her holy flag1 ,set every threadbare sail1 ,and give her to the god of storms1 ,the lightning1 and the gale6 ,the effect of this poem upon the people was so great that a general outcry arose against the destruction of the gallant old ship4 ,the ,government was induced to reconsider its determination4 ,the old ship was saved1 repaired1 and for many years has delighted the eyes of thousands of people who have visited her4 ,at present1 she is used as a receiving-ship at the ,united ,states ,navy ,yard1 ,portsmouth1 ,new ,hampshire4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,with what tone of voice should the prose part of the lesson be read8 ,read the poetry--first1 slowly and quietly2 then1 in a loud tone of voice1 expressing the feeling of anger4 ,which method of reading the poem do the pupils prefer8 ,which do they think represents the poet's feelings8 ,let pupils pronounce in concert1 and singly1 the following words3 hero1 year1 people1 deep1 eagle1 knee1 serious1 meteor1 complete1 pieces4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils point out and explain the unusual expressions found in the first two stanzas1 writing out a list of the changes made4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,lxxii4 ver'tic al1 upright4 cat'a ract1 a great fall of water over a precipice4 pro vis'ions1 stock of food4 con struct'ed1 made2 formed4 in cred'i ble1 not easily believed4 sta'tion a ry1 not moving2 fixed4 ex tinct'1 inactive2 dead4 de pos'it1 that which is laid or thrown down4 ap'er ture1 an opening4 di am'e ter1 distance across or through4 com pris'es1 includes2 contains4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,natural ,,wonders ,,of ,,america4 ,,part ,i4 ,within the vast extent of territory belonging to the ,united ,states1 there are many wonderful natural curiosities which attract visitors from all parts of the world4 ,a short description of some of the principal attractions is here given1 with the hope that many who read this lesson1 may at some time visit a part or all that are noticed4 ,,geysers ,,of ,,the ,,yellowstone ,,park4 ,the ,yellowstone ,park is a tract of country fifty-five by sixty-five miles in extent1 lying mainly in the northwest corner of the ,territory of ,wyoming1 but including a narrow belt in southern ,montana4 ,it contains nearly thirty-six hundred square miles1 and is nearly three times as large as the ,state of ,rhode ,island4 ,no equal extent of country on the globe comprises such a union of grand and wonderful scenery4 ,numerous hot springs1 steam jets1 and extinct geyser cones exist in the ,yellowstone basin4 ,just beyond the western rim of the basin1 lies the grand geyser region of ,fire-,hole ,river4 ,scattered along both banks of this stream are boiling springs from two to twelve feet across1 all in active operation4 ,one of the most noted geysers of this district is ,old ,faithful4 ,it stands on a mound thirty feet high1 the crater rising some six feet higher still4 ,the eruptions take place about once an hour1 and continue fifteen or twenty minutes1 the column of water shooting upward with terrific force1 from one hundred to one hundred and fifty feet4 ,the great mass of water falls directly back into the basin1 flowing over the edges and down the sides in large streams4 ,when the action ceases1 the water recedes from sight1 and nothing is heard but an occasional escape of steam until another eruption occurs4 ,illustration ,just across the river and close to the margin1 a small conical mound is observed1 about three feet high1 and five feet in diameter at the base4 ,no one would suspect it to be an active geyser4 ,but in #ahga1 a column of water entirely filling the crater shot from it1 which by actual measurement was found to be two hundred and nineteen feet high4 ,not more than a hundred yards from the river1 there is a large oval aperture eighteen feet wide and twenty-five feet long4 ,the sides are covered with a grayish-white deposit which is distinctly visible at a depth of a hundred feet below the surface4 ,this geyser is known as the ,giantess1 and a visitor in describing it states that no water could be discovered on the first approach1 but it could be distinctly heard gurgling and boiling at a great distance below4 ,suddenly it began to rise1 spluttering and sending out huge volumes of steam1 causing a general scattering of our company4 ,when within about forty feet of the surface1 it became stationary1 and we returned to look upon it4 ,all at once it rose with incredible rapidity1 the hot water bursting from the opening with terrific force1 rising in a column the full size of this immense aperture to the height of sixty feet4 ,through1 and out of the top of this mass1 five or six lesser jets or round columns of water1 varying in size from six to fifteen inches in diameter1 were projected to the marvelous height of two hundred and fifty feet4 ,illustration3 ,view in the ,grand ,caon ,,the ,,ca--,,ons ,,of ,,the ,,colorado ,,river4 ,the length of the ,colorado ,river1 from the sources of the ,green ,river1 is about two thousand miles4 ,for five hundred miles of this distance1 the river has worn deep cuts or gorges through the soft rock1 called caons4 ,the rocky sides of these caons form lofty vertical walls1 which1 in some places1 rise to a height of more than a mile above the surface of the water4 ,the largest and most noted of these vast gorges is the ,grand ,caon1 which extends a distance of more than two hundred miles4 ,the height of the walls of this caon varies from four thousand to seven thousand feet4 ,the river1 as it runs through it1 is from fifty to three hundred feet wide4 ,so swift is the current1 that it is almost impossible to float a boat down the stream without having it dashed to pieces against the rocky walls on either side4 ,the first descent through these caons was made in #ahfg1 from a point on ,grand ,river1 about thirty miles above its junction with ,green ,river4 ,three men were prospecting for gold1 and being attacked by ,indians and one of their number killed1 the other two decided to attempt the descent of the river1 rather than retrace their steps through a country where ,indians were numerous4 ,they constructed a raft of a few pieces of drift-wood1 and having secured their arms and provisions1 commenced their journey down the stream4 ,a few days afterward1 while the raft was descending a cataract1 one of the men was drowned and all the provisions were washed overboard4 ,the third man1 hemmed in by the walls of the caon1 continued the journey alone amid great perils from cataracts1 rocks1 and whirlpools4 ,for ten days he pursued1 his lonely way1 tasting food but twice during the whole time4 ,once he obtained a few green pods and leaves from bushes growing along the stream1 and the second time from some friendly ,indians4 ,at last he succeeded in reaching ,callville in safety1 after having floated several hundred miles4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,lxxiii4 pro por'tions1 relations of parts to each other4 in te'ri or1 the inside4 al a bas'ter1 a kind of whitish stone4 chasm1 a deep opening4 a're a1 any surface1 as the floor of a room4 an'cient1 belonging to past ages4 un ex am'pled1 without a similar case4 co los'sal1 of great size4 feat'ure1 any thing worthy of notice4 dra'per y1 hangings of any kind4 o ver awed'1 held in a state of fear4 sur pass'ing1 exceeding others4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,natural ,,wonders ,,of ,,america4 ,,part ,,ii4 ,,the ,,mammoth ,,cave4 ,in the year #ahji1 a hunter named ,hutchins1 while pursuing a bear in ,edmondson ,county1 ,kentucky1 was surprised to see the animal disappear into a small opening in the side of a hill4 ,upon examining the spot1 ,hutchins found that the opening led into a cave4 ,following up the examination soon after1 it was discovered that the cave was immense in its proportions4 ,on account of its great size1 it was named ,mammoth ,cave4 ,it has an area of several hundred square miles1 and two hundred and twenty-three known and numbered avenues1 with a united length of from one hundred and fifty to two hundred miles4 ,the interior of this cave is divided by huge columns and walls of stone into chambers of various shapes and sizes4 ,some of these are large enough to afford standing room for thousands of people4 ,one of the largest of these chambers is called ,mammoth ,dome4 ,this room is four hundred feet long1 one hundred and fifty feet wide1 and two hundred and fifty feet in height4 ,the walls of this grand room are curtained by alabaster drapery in vertical folds and present to the eye a scene of unexampled beauty and grandeur4 ,a large gateway at one end of this room opens into another room1 in which the position of the huge stone pillars1 reminds one of the ruins of some ancient temple4 ,six colossal columns1 or pillars1 eighty feet high and twenty-five feet in diameter1 standing in a half circle1 are among the imposing attractions of this wonderful room4 ,another striking feature of ,mammoth ,cave is what is called the ,dead ,sea4 ,this body of water is four hundred feet long1 forty feet wide1 and very deep4 ,a curious fish is found in this dark lake4 ,it is without eyes1 and1 in form and color1 is different from any fish found outside the cave4 ,there are found also a blind grasshopper1 without wings1 and a blind crayfish of a whitish color1 both of which are very curious and interesting4 ,the fact that these living creatures are blind would seem to indicate that nature had produced them for the distinct purpose of inhabiting this dark cave4 ,,niagara ,,falls4 ,of all the sights to be seen on this continent1 there is none that equals the great ,falls of ,niagara ,river1 situated about twelve miles north of ,buffalo1 in the ,state of ,new ,york4 ,on first beholding this most wonderful of all known cataracts1 one is overawed by its surpassing grandeur1 and stunned by the sound of the falling waters as by a roar of thunder4 ,for quite a distance above the falls1 the ,niagara ,river is about one mile wide1 and flows with great swiftness4 ,just at the edge of the cataract stands ,goat ,island1 which divides the waters of the river1 and makes two distinct cataracts2 one on the ,canadian side1 and one on the ,american side of the river4 ,the one on the ,canadian side1 called from its shape the ,horse-shoe ,fall1 is eighteen hundred feet wide1 and one hundred1 and fifty-eight feet high4 ,the other1 called the ,american ,fall1 is six hundred feet wide1 and one hundred and sixty-four feet high4 ,as the immense body of water leaps over this vast precipice1 it breaks into a soft spray1 which waves like a plume in the wind4 ,at times1 when the rays of the sun strike this spray1 a rainbow is formed which stretches itself across the deep chasm1 and produces a beautiful effect4 ,during the winter1 much of the water and spray freezes1 and as each moment adds to the frozen mass1 some curious and wonderful ice formations are produced4 ,sometimes1 during a very cold winter1 the ice at the foot of the falls forms a complete bridge from one shore to the other4 ,an interesting feature of a visit to these falls is a descent to the level of the foot of the cataract behind the great sheet of water4 ,a long flight of steps leads down to a secure footing between the rocky precipice and the falling torrent4 ,by a narrow footpath1 it is possible for the visitor to pass between this column of water and the wall of rock4 ,once behind the sheet of water1 the roar is deafening4 ,one can only cling to the narrow railing or his guide1 as he picks his way for more than a hundred feet behind the roaring torrent4 ,a single misstep1 a slip1 or a fall1 and nothing remains but a horrible death by being dashed to pieces upon the jagged rocks below4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,point out four places in the lesson where words would likely be run together by a careless reader4 ,the word caon is pronounced can'yon4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,give rules for marks of punctuation and capital letters used in the first paragraph of the account of ,niagara ,falls4 ,let pupils make out an analysis in five or six parts1 treating some well-known scene4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,lxxiv4 vo ra'cious1 greedy2 very hungry4 o ver whelmed'1 overcome by force of numbers4 a bound'ing1 existing in large numbers4 as cend'ing1 going up4 her'ald ed1 gave notice of4 im pet'u ous1 furious2 without care for what happens4 crim'i nals1 those who have broken the law4 con'cen trate1 gather in a large mass4 in tol'er a ble1 not to be borne4 ir re sist'i ble1 can not be opposed4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,african ,,ants4 ,a strange kind of ant is very abundant in the whole region ,i have traveled over in ,africa1 and is the most voracious creature ,i ever met4 ,it is the dread of all living animals1 from the leopard to the smallest insect4 ,i do not think that these ants build nests or homes of any kind4 ,at any rate they carry nothing away1 but eat all their prey on the spot4 ,it is their habit to march through the forests in a long1 regular line--a line about two inches broad and often several miles in length4 ,all along this line are larger ants1 who act as officers1 stand outside the ranks1 and keep this singular army in order4 ,if they come to a place where there are no trees to shelter them from the sun1 whose heat they can not bear1 they immediately build underground tunnels1 through which the whole army passes in columns to the forest beyond4 ,these tunnels are four or five feet underground1 and are used only in the heat of the day1 or during a storm4 ,when1 they grow hungry the long file spreads itself through the forest in a front line1 and attacks and devours all it overtakes with a fury which is quite irresistible4 ,the elephant and gorilla fly before this attack4 ,the black men run for their lives4 ,every animal that lives in their line of march is chased4 ,they seem to understand and act upon the tactics of ,napoleon1 and concentrate with great speed their heaviest forces upon the point of attack4 ,in an incredibly short space of time the mouse1 or dog1 or leopard1 or deer1 is overwhelmed1 killed1 eaten1 and the bare skeleton only remains4 ,they seem to travel night and day4 ,many a time have ,i been awakened out of a sleep1 and obliged to rush from the hut and into the water to save my life1 and after all suffered intolerable agony from the bites of the advance-guard1 that had got into my clothes4 ,when they enter a house they clear it of all living things4 ,cockroaches are devoured in an instant4 ,rats and mice spring round the room in vain4 ,an overwhelming force of ants kill a strong rat in less than a minute1 in spite of the most frantic struggles1 and in less than another minute its bones are stripped4 ,every living thing in the house is devoured4 ,they will not touch vegetable matter4 ,thus they are in reality very useful1 as well as dangerous1 to the natives1 who have their huts cleaned of all the abounding vermin1 such as immense cockroaches and centipedes1 at least several times a year4 ,when on their march the insect world flies before them1 and ,i have often had the approach of an ant-army heralded to me by this means4 ,wherever they go they make a clean sweep1 even ascending to the tops of the highest trees in pursuit of their prey4 ,their manner of attack is an impetuous leap4 ,instantly the strong pincers are fastened1 and they let go only when the piece gives way4 ,at such times this little animal seems animated by a kind of fury which causes it to disregard entirely its own safety1 and to seek only the conquest of its prey4 ,the bite of these ants is very painful4 ,the natives relate that in former times it was the custom to expose criminals in the path of these ants1 as the most cruel way that was known of putting them to death4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,name the emphatic words in the last paragraph of the lesson1 and mark the inflections4 ,in determining upon the emphasis to be given to the words of a sentence1 the only guide we have to follow is the meaning4 ,we must ask ourselves1 ,which1 words are of special importance to the meaning8 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,change each of the sentences given below to statements1 expressing as nearly as possible the same meaning4 ,what troubles you to-day8 ,tell me at once what the matter is6 ,let us shout for ,meccatina1 and its mountains bare and brown6 ,model4--,what is your name8 changed to the form of a statement1 becomes--,i wish you to tell me your name4 ,let pupils write four questions1 and then change them to statements1 expressing as nearly as possible the same meaning4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,lxxv4 plun'dered1 stripped of their goods by force4 surge1 a rolling swell of water2 billows4 verge1 extreme side or edge4 sheer1 straight up and down4 frag'ments1 pieces2 small portions4 vis'ion scene2 imaginary picture4 a byss'1 chasm2 deep space4 phan'tom1 ghost2 airy spirit4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,leap ,,of ,,roushan ,,beg4 ,mounted on ,kyrat strong and fleet1 ,his chestnut steed with four white feet1 ,roushan ,beg1 called ,kurroglou1 ,son of the road and bandit chief1 ,seeking refuge and relief1 ,up the mountain pathway flew4 ,such was ,kyrat's wondrous speed1 ,never yet could any steed ,reach the dust-cloud in his course4 ,more than maiden1 more than wife1 ,more than gold1 and next to life1 ,roushan the ,robber loved his horse4 ,in the land that lies beyond ,erzeroum and ,trebizond1 ,garden-girt his fortress stood4 ,plundered khan1 or caravan ,journeying north from ,koordistan1 ,gave him wealth and wine and food4 ,seven hundred and fourscore ,men at arms his livery wore1 ,did his bidding night and day4 ,now1 through regions all unknown1 ,he was wandering1 lost1 alone1 ,seeking without guide his way4 ,suddenly the pathway ends1 ,sheer the precipice descends1 ,loud the torrent roars unseen2 ,thirty feet from side to side ,yawns the chasm2 on air must ride ,he who crosses this ravine4 ,following close in his pursuit1 ,at the precipice's foot1 ,reyhan the ,arab of ,orfah ,halted with his hundred men1 ,shouting upward from the glen1 ,la ,illah'illa ,allah'6 ,gently ,roushan ,beg caressed ,kyrat's forehead1 neck1 and breast2 ,kissed him upon both his eyes2 ,sang to him in his wild way1 ,as upon the topmost spray ,sings a bird before it flies4 ,o my ,kyrat1 ,o my steed1 ,round and slender as a reed1 ,carry me this peril through6 ,satin housings shall be thine1 ,shoes of gold1 ,o ,kyrat mine1 ,o thou soul of ,kurroglou6 ,soft thy skin as silken skein1 ,soft as woman's hair thy mane1 ,tender are thine eyes and true2 ,all thy hoofs like ivory shine1 ,polished bright2 ,o1 life of mine1 ,leap and rescue ,kurroglou6 ,kyrat1 then1 the strong and fleet1 ,drew together his four white feet1 ,paused a moment on the verge1 ,measured with his eye the space1 ,and into the air's embrace ,leaped as leaps the ocean surge4 ,as the ocean surge o'er sand ,bears a swimmer safe to land1 ,kyrat safe his rider bore2 ,rattling down the deep abyss1 ,fragments of the precipice ,rolled like pebbles on a shore4 ,roushan's tassled cap of red ,trembled not upon his head1 ,careless sat he and upright2 ,neither hand nor bridle shook1 ,nor his head he turned to look1 ,as he galloped out of sight4 ,flash of harness in the air1 ,seen a moment1 like the glare ,of a sword drawn from its sheath2 ,thus the phantom horseman passed1 ,and the shadow that he cast ,leaped the cataract underneath4 ,reyhan the ,arab held his breath ,while this vision of life and death ,passed above him4 ,allahu6 ,cried he4 ,in all ,koordistan ,lives there not so brave a man ,as this ,robber ,kurroglou6 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,let pupils point out where changes in tone of voice occur in reading this lesson4 ,what lines in the last two stanzas are to be joined in reading8 ,keep the lungs sufficiently full of air to avoid stopping to breathe at such places as would injure the sense4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils select a subject1 and then make out an analysis to use in treating it4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,lxxvi mu se'um1 a place where curiosities are exhibited4 ban'daged1 bound with strips of cloth4 dy'nas ties1 governments2 families of kings4 ex plored'1 searched2 examined4 pop'u lat ed1 peopled2 filled with people4 gen era' tions1 succession of families or peoples4 e rect'ed1 raised2 built4 cal'cu lat ed1 estimated4 flour'ished1 prospered2 thrived4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,egypt ,,and ,,its ,,ruins4 ,,part ,i4 ,egypt embraces that part of ,africa occupied by the valley of the ,river ,nile4 ,for many centuries1 it was a thickly populated country1 and at one time possessed great influence and wealth1 and had reached an advanced state of civilization4 ,the history of ,egypt extends through a period of about six thousand years4 ,during this time great cities were built which flourished for hundreds of years4 ,owing to wars and changes of government many of these cities were destroyed1 and nothing of them now remains but massive and extensive ruins4 ,pyramids were built1 obelisks erected1 canals projected1 and many other vast enterprises were carried out4 ,remains of these are to be seen to-day1 some in ruins1 some fairly preserved1 and1 altogether1 they give present generations an idea of the wealth and power of the different dynasties under which they were built4 ,illustration ,not far from ,cairo1 which is now the principal city of ,egypt1 are the famous pyramids4 ,these are of such immense proportions1 that from a distance their tops seem to reach the clouds4 ,they are constructed of blocks of stone4 ,some of these blocks are of great size1 and how the builders ever put them into their places1 is a question we can not answer4 ,it is supposed that the construction of one of these pyramids required more than twenty years' labor from thousands of men4 ,the largest pyramid is four hundred and sixty-one feet high1 seven hundred and forty-six feet long at the base1 and covers more than twelve acres of ground4 ,in all1 sixty-seven of these pyramids have been discovered and explored4 ,they are the tombs in which the ancient kings and their families were buried4 ,in the interior of these pyramids1 many chambers were constructed to contain their stone coffins4 ,it has been calculated that one of the principal pyramids could contain three thousand seven hundred rooms of large size4 ,the bodies of those who were buried in the pyramids were preserved from decay by a secret process1 known only to the priests4 ,illustration ,after the bodies were prepared1 they were wrapped in bands of fine linen1 and on the inside of these was spread a peculiar kind of gum4 ,there were sometimes a thousand yards of these bands on a single body4 ,after they were thus prepared1 a soft substance was placed around the bandaged body4 ,this covering1 when it hardened1 kept the body in a complete state of preservation4 ,illustration ,these coverings are now called mummy-cases1 and the bodies they inclose1 mummies4 ,these bodies were finally placed1 in huge stone coffins1 many of which were covered with curious carvings4 ,some of these mummies have been found1 that are said to be over three thousand years old4 ,however1 when the wrappings are removed from them1 many of the bodies have been so well preserved1 as to exhibit the appearance of the features as in life4 ,large numbers of these mummies have been carried to other countries and placed on exhibition in museums4 ,among the mummies brought to this country1 are some of the best specimens which have yet been discovered4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,let pupils mark the inflection and point out emphatic words in the first two paragraphs of the lesson4 ,show positions of the rhetorical pauses in the first paragraph on page #cfc4bj 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils review1 as a written exercise1 the spelling of the following words4 receding principal rubbish punctual precipice council orphan microscope justice civilized threshold muscles precious merchandise especially traveler physician recognize anecdote marvelous sufficient apologize character benefited vicious poisonous tremendous intelligent ,let pupils select a subject and make out an analysis for its treatment4 ,each point in the analysis will require a separate paragraph for its treatment4 ,be careful to use capital letters and marks of punctuation correctly4 #bj ,paragraph beginning1 ,remains of these are to be seen to-day4444 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lesson ,,lxxvii4 de vic'es1 curious marks or shapes4 in scrip'tion1 any thing cut or written on a solid substance4 trans lat'ing1 expressing in another language4 mem'o ra ble1 worthy of being remembered4 spec'i mens1 small portions of things4 in ge nu'i ty1 skill in inventing4 tour'ists1 travelers2 sight-seers4 ded'i cat ed1 set apart for a special purpose4 cer'e mo nies1 forms2 special customs4 site1 the place where any thing is fixed4 mon'o lith1 a column consisting of a single stone4 o rig'i nal ly1 in the first place4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,egypt ,,and ,,its ,,ruins4 ,,part ,,ii4 ,the ancient ,egyptians erected many obelisks in various parts of their country4 ,these were monuments made from single pieces of hard stone1 and in some cases reached a height of more than a hundred feet4 ,they were placed before gateways leading to the principal temples and palaces1 and were covered with curious carvings in the stone1 which represented the language of the people at that time4 ,it thus appears that their written language was not composed of letters and words alone1 like our own2 but that they used pictures of animals1 including birds1 human figures1 and other devices of a singular nature1 to express their thoughts and ideas4 ,until the year #agii1 it was impossible for the scholars of modern nations to read this strange language4 ,in that year1 however1 a stone tablet was discovered by a ,french engineer1 containing an inscription written in three languages4 ,one of these was in the characters of the ancient ,egyptian and another in those of the ,greek4 ,upon translating the ,greek writing1 it was discovered to be a copy of the inscription in the ,egyptian language4 ,by comparing the words of these inscriptions with many others1 the formation of this peculiar language was ascertained4 ,it was then learned that the inscriptions on these obelisks were the records of memorable events1 and the heroic deeds of their kings and heroes4 ,many of these obelisks have been taken from their positions in ,egypt and transported with great labor to other countries4 ,nearly two thousand years ago the ,roman emperors began to carry them to the city of ,rome4 ,altogether1 nearly fifty of these remarkable monuments were taken away and set up in that city4 ,they were then1 as now1 regarded as curious examples of the ingenuity of the ancients who first made them4 ,illustration3 ,the ,obelisk in ,central ,park1 ,new ,york1 and as it appeared in ,egypt4 ,in later years1 specimens were taken to ,paris and ,london1 and more recently one was brought to ,america1 and set up in the ,central ,park1 ,new ,york ,city4 ,this one belongs to the largest class1 being nearly seventy feet high and about eight feet square at the base4 ,the accompanying cut shows the position of this obelisk as it appeared when standing near the city of ,alexandria1 ,egypt4 ,the difficulty of transporting one of these huge stone columns is so great1 that for a long time it was thought impossible to remove it from ,egypt to this country4 ,in their large cities1 the ,egyptians built massive temples which were dedicated to religious ceremonies4 ,some of them1 although now in ruins1 are considered to be among the most remarkable productions of the ancients4 ,tourists who nowadays sail up the ,river ,nile and visit the site of the city of ,thebes1 the ancient capital of ,egypt1 are struck with amazement at the vast ruins surrounding them4 ,on the eastern side of the ,nile lies what is left of the temple of ,karnak4 ,imagine a long line of courts1 gateways1 and halls2 here and there an obelisk rising above the ruins1 and shutting off the view of the forest of columns6 ,this mass of ruins1 some lying in huge heaps of stone1 others perfect and pointed as when they were first built1 is approached on every side by avenues and gateways of colossal grandeur4 ,the temple originally covered an area of two hundred and seventy acres1 inclosed within a wall of brick4 ,parts of this wall are still visible1 while the rest lies crumbled and broken4 ,it is difficult to realize the grand appearance of the thirty rows of stone columns standing within the wall4 ,some of them that are still perfect1 are capped with enormous monolith capitals1 and it is said that one hundred men could stand on one of them without crowding4 ,the hall itself is four hundred and twenty-two feet long by one hundred and sixty-five feet broad4 ,the stones of the ceiling are supported by one hundred and thirty-four columns1 which are still standing1 and of which the largest measures ten feet in diameter1 and more than seventy-two feet in height4 ,they are covered with carvings and paintings whose colors are still bright1 even after a lapse of forty centuries4 ,gazing on what he sees around1 the traveler becomes lost in an effort to form some idea of the grandeur and vastness of the original4 99 99 99 99 99 ,directions for ,reading4--,let pupils read one or more of the paragraphs in a whisper1 so as to improve articulation4 ,mark rhetorical pauses in the last paragraph of the lesson4 ,name emphatic words in the same paragraph1 and state whether the rhetorical pauses occur before or after these words4 99 99 99 99 99 ,language ,lesson4--,let pupils write statements1 each containing one of the following words1 used in such a manner as to show its proper meaning3 haul1 hall2 site1 sight2 piece1 peace2 our1 hour2 sum1 some4 ,rules for the ,analysis of a ,subject4--,select such points as are necessary to make the treatment of the subject complete4 ,add such points as will increase the interest felt in the subject4 ,arrange the points in a natural and easy order4 ,note4--,in treating an historical subject1 it is necessary to arrange the points in the order in which they occurred4 ,in description1 it is best to adopt some plan of treatment1 and arrange the points according to the plan decided upon4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,definitions ,,of ,,new ,,words ,,used ,,in ,,this ,,book1 ,,that ,,do ,,not ,,appear ,,at ,,the ,,heads ,,of ,,the ,,lessons4 ,a a board'1 on board of4 ac cept'1 take2 receive4 ac'ci dents1 effects2 unusual results4 ac cord'ing ly1 agreeably to a plan4 ac count'1 statement of facts2 bill4 ad mit'tance1 permission to enter2 entrance4 ad vice'1 opinion worthy to be followed2 counsel4 af ford'1 give2 produce4 a'gen cy1 office of an agent2 action4 aid1 help2 assistance4 al to geth'er1 with united action2 completely4 a mid'1 in the midst of2 surrounded by4 anxi' e ty 7ang zi'e ty71 concern respecting some future event4 ap plause'1 praise4 ap ply'1 suit2 agree4 arch'es1 places made of stone1 brick1 etc4 art1 skill4 a shamed'1 affected by a feeling of shame4 as sist'ing1 helping2 aiding4 as sure'1 tell truly2 make sure or certain4 at tempt'1 try2 make an effort4 at ten'tion1 care2 notice4 av'e nues1 broad streets2 openings4 a wait'ed1 waited for4 a ware'1 informed4 awk'ward1 clumsy2 ungraceful4 ay1 yes4 ,b bade1 said4 ban'dit1 robber4 ban'ner1 flag4 base1 lower part4 bid'ding1 command2 order4 bil'lows1 large waves4 bon'ny1 handsome2 beautiful4 bor'row1 to receive from another with the intention of returning4 bore1 carried4 bor'ders1 edges2 outer parts4 braced1 took a firm stand4 braid'ed1 woven or twined together brick1 a body made of clay and water and hardened by fire4 bri'er1 a prickly plant or shrub4 brig1 a vessel with two masts1 square-rigged4 brill'iant1 splendid2 shining4 brim'ming1 full2 nearly overflowing4 bris'tling1 standing erect4 bul'let1 small ball of lead4 bur'den1 that which is carried4 but'ter fly1 a winged insect of many colors4 ,c cack'ling1 sharp and broken in sounds4 ca nals'1 water-courses made by man4 ca'per ing1 playing2 dancing4 capped1 covered over at the top4 cap tiv'ity1 state of being a prisoner4 car'go1 burden2 load4 cas'ters1 rollers or small wheels4 ceil'ing1 the upper surface of a room4 cen'ter1 the middle point of any thing4 cen'ti pedes1 a kind of insect having a great number of feet4 cent'u ry1 one hundred years4 chan'nel1 the regular course of a river4 cheat'ed1 taken unfair advantage of2 robbed4 chose1 wished2 desired4 cin'ders1 small pieces of coal or wood partly burned4 cir'cu lar1 round2 shaped like a circle4 cli'mate1 state or condition of the air as regards heat1 cold1 and moisture4 clink1 sharp ringing sound4 clum'sy1 awkward2 ungraceful4 clus'ter1 number of things of the same kind growing together4 cock'roach es1 insects with long1 flattish bodies4 cof'fins1 cases in which dead bodies are placed4 coin1 piece of stamped metal used for money4 col'umn1 a dark cloud of regular shape2 a shaft of stone4 com mand'ed1 had charge of2 ordered4 com plaint'1 expression of anger4 com plete'1 entire2 perfect4 con clude'1 make up one's mind4 con'duct1 manner of action4 con fined'1 kept within limits4 con nect'ed1 joined4 con'quered1 subdued2 overcome4 con'quest1 act of taking by force4 con sid'er a bly1 in a manner worthy of notice4 con sid'er ing1 thinking2 regarding4 con'stant ly1 all the time4 con'tact1 touching2 meeting4 con tained'1 held4 con'ti nent1 a great extent of land unbroken by water4 con tin'u ally1 all the time4 con verse'1 talk4 cour' age1 boldness4 cow'ard1 one who lacks courage4 crack'ling1 sharp noises4 creek1 a small river or brook2 a bay4 crew 7kru71 the sailors who man a ship4 croak'ing1 making a hoarse noise4 crook'ed1 not straight4 crop1 what grows in a season4 cured1 made well4 cu ri os'i ty1 eager desire to find out something4 cur'rent1 motion of a river4 cus'tom1 way of acting2 habit4 cut'ter1 small boat used by ships of war4 ,d dames1 women4 debt1 that which is owed4 de'cent1 fit2 suitable4 de clare'1 say with firmness4 deed1 act2 that which is done4 de fence'1 protection4 dense1 thick2 close4 de scrip'tion1 an account4 de sert'ed1 left2 given up4 de struc'tion1 ruin4 de ter'mine1 decided2 resolved4 di'et1 what is eaten or drunk4 di rect'ly1 instantly2 immediately4 dis ap point'ed1 grieved2 filled with regret4 dis as'ters1 unfortunate events4 dis ease'1 illness2 sickness4 dis hon'est1 not honest2 faithless4 dis miss' ing1 putting or sending away4 dis o beyed'1 went contrary to orders4 dis pose'1 sell2 part with4 dis re gard'1 lose sight of4 dis'trict1 part of a country2 region4 di vide'1 separate into equal shares or parts4 dome1 very high and broad roof4 drag1 pull2 draw4 drays1 kinds of carts4 dread'ful1 full of terror4 drift1 borne along by the current of a river4 driz'zling1 falling in very small drops4 drowned1 deprived of life by water4 duck'ing1 plunging into water4 ,e earth'quake1 a shaking or trembling of the earth4 ech'oes1 is heard4 ef fects'1 results4 ef'fort 7furt71 struggle2 attempt4 em brace'1 clasp2 grasp4 em'pire1 the country of an emperor4 en'e my1 one who hates another4 en gaged'1 occupied2 taken4 en'gines1 machines used for applying force4 en raged'1 made very angry4 en tire'1 whole4 ere1 before4 er'rand1 short journeys on business4 ex am'ple1 a pattern2 a copy4 ex'cel lent 7ek71 very good4 ex cep'tion1 that which is left out or omitted4 ex cite'ment1 intense feeling4 ex cla ma'tion1 a cry2 that which is cried out4 ex'er cise1 bodily exertion4 ex hi bi'tion1 show2 display4 ex pla na'tion1 that which makes clear4 ex ten'sive ly1 widely2 largely4 ex'tra1 more than usual4 ,f fac'to ries1 places where things are made4 fare well'1 good-by4 fa'vors1 kind acts4 fear'less ly1 without fear4 feast1 a joyous meal4 feat1 a difficult act4 fee'ble1 weak2 sickly4 fer'ry1 a place to cross a river4 fig'ured1 ornamented with marks4 file1 a row of soldiers ranged behind one another4 flanks1 the fleshy parts of the sides of animals4 flee1 to run away4 flood1 great flow of water4 flour1 ground wheat4 flu'id1 water1 or any liquid4 foot'men1 male servants4 for ma'tions1 things of certain shape or form4 for'tress1 a fort2 a castle4 fort'une1 chance2 luck4 frol'ic some1 merry2 playful4 fu'el1 material for fire4 ,g gal'lop1 a rapid movement1 as of horses4 gar'ret1 the upper room of a house4 gems1 precious stones4 gen'eral ly1 usually2 commonly4 gleam'ing1 shining brightly4 glee1 joy2 happiness4 glim'mer1 a faint light4 glis'ten ing1 sparkling2 shining4 globe1 the earth2 a round body4 glo'ri ous1 grand2 splendid4 glos'sy1 smooth2 shining4 gor'ges1 narrow passages4 gos'sip1 foolish talk4 gov'ern ment1 the power that controls a people4 grand1 large2 imposing4 grum'bled1 complained2 found fault with4 guard1 that which protects4 guests1 visitors4 gur'gling1 flowing in a noisy current4 ,h hatch1 the cover for an opening in a vessel's deck4 heath1 a meadow2 cheerless tract of country4 hedg'es1 thickets of bushes4 hemmed1 shut in2 surrounded4 hence forth'1 hereafter4 he'ro1 a brave man4 high'way1 a public road4 hint1 something intended to give notice4 hitched1 tied2 fastened4 hith'er1 in this direction4 hogs'head1 a large cask4 hoot'ing1 crying2 shouting4 hor'ri ble1 dreadful2 terrible4 howl'ing1 crying like a dog or wolf4 hub'bub1 a great noise2 uproar4 husk1 the outside covering of certain fruits4 hust'le1 shake2 push roughly4 ,i i de'a1 thought4 ill'-nat ured1 cross2 bad-tempered4 im ag'ine1 think2 consider4 im me'di ate ly1 without delay4 im pos'si ble1 not possible4 in de pend'ence1 the state of being free4 in for ma'tion1 news2 knowledge4 in formed'1 told2 gave notice of4 in hab'i tants1 persons living in a place4 in'jured1 hurt2 harmed4 in'stant ly1 at once2 without loss of time4 in tent'1 eager2 anxious4 in vi ta'tions1 requests for one's company4 is'sue1 come forth2 flow out4 ,j jag'ged1 having sharp points4 jew'els 7ju'els71 precious stones4 jin'gling1 giving forth fine1 sharp sounds4 ,k kern'el1 the eatable part of a nut2 a little grain or corn4 ,l la'bor1 work2 toil4 lapse1 passing away4 las'sie1 a young girl2 a lass4 lat'ter1 last-named2 nearer4 launched1 put into the water laws1 rules of action4 leath'er1 the skins of animals prepared for use4 ledge1 shelf of rocks4 lee'ward1 that part toward which the wind blows4 leop'ard1 a large animal of the cat kind4 lest1 for fear that4 lev'el1 smooth and flat2 of equal height4 lin'ing1 inside covering4 lint1 linen scraped into a soft substance4 liq'uid1 any fluid1 like water4 lisp'ing ly1 with a lisp4 liv'er y1 a peculiar dress4 load'stone1 a kind of magnetic ore4 loft'y1 very high4 low'ered1 let down4 lub'ber1 a heavy1 clumsy fellow4 luck'y1 fortunate2 meeting with good success4 lum'ber1 timber sawed or split for use2 boards4 ,m main'ly1 mostly2 chiefly4 mam'moth1 of great size4 man'aged1 controlled2 brought to do one's wishes4 mane1 the long hair on a horse's neck4 man'tel1 a narrow shelf over a fire-place1 with its support4 mar'gin1 edge2 border4 mark'et1 a place where things are sold4 mark'ings1 marks2 stamped places4 mean'time1 during the interval2 meanwhile4 mel'low ing1 ripening2 growing soft4 melt'ed1 changed to a liquid form by the action of heat4 mem'o ry1 the power of recalling past events4 mer'chants1 those who buy goods to sell again4 mil'i ta ry1 belonging to soldiers1 to arms1 or to war4 mis'er y1 great unhappiness2 extreme pain4 mod'ern1 of recent date2 belonging to the present time4 mon'ster1 something of unusual size1 shape1 or quality4 mon'u ments1 those things which stand to remind us of the past4 mound1 a small hill1 natural or artificial4 mo'tion1 movement2 change of position4 must'y1 spoiled by age2 of a sour smell4 ,n neigh'bor1 a person who lives near one4 nerved1 strengthened2 supplied with force4 night'-mare1 an unpleasant sensation during sleep4 nim'bly1 actively2 in a nimble manner4 ,o o be'di ence1 willingness to submit to commands4 o bliged'1 forced2 compelled4 oc'cu pied1 taken possession of2 employed4 of'fi cer1 one who holds an office4 off'ing1 a part of the sea at a distance from the shore4 om'ni bus es1 large1 four-wheeled carriages4 on'ion 7un'yun71 a root much used for food4 out'posts1 advanced stations1 as of an army4 o ver come'1 affected2 overpowered by force4 ,p pace1 rate of movement4 pal'ace1 a splendid dwelling1 as of a king4 par take'1 share2 take part in4 patch1 small piece of any thing1 as of ground4 paus'es1 short stops2 rests4 pave'ments1 coverings for streets1 of stone or solid materials4 peb'bles1 small1 roundish stones1 worn by the action of water4 per cus'sion1 requiring to be struck2 the act of striking4 per'fume1 scent or odor of sweet-smelling substances4 pe'ri od1 portion of time2 an interval4 per'ished1 died2 were destroyed4 per mis'sion1 the act of allowing2 consent4 pic'nick ing1 having an outdoor party4 pier1 a landing-place for vessels4 pierce1 force a way into or through an object4 pil'lars1 columns2 huge masses4 pin'cers1 jaws2 pinchers4 pit'e ous1 fitted to excite pity2 sorrowful4 pit'falls1 pits slightly covered for concealment4 plan ta'tions1 farms of great extent4 plots1 small pieces of ground1 as garden plots4 plucked1 pulled out or off4 plunged1 dove2 fell4 po'et1 a maker of verses4 pol'ished1 made bright and smooth by rubbing4 po lite'1 obliging2 pleasant in manner4 por'tion1 a part2 that which is divided off4 prat'tling1 childish2 talking like a child4 preach'ing1 speaking in public upon a religious subject4 pres'ent ly1 soon2 in a short time4 prey1 any thing taken by force from an enemy4 pri'vate1 not publicly known2 peculiar to one's self4 pro ces'sion1 regular movement1 as of soldiers4 prod'ucts1 fruits2 that which is brought forth4 proved1 turned out2 showed the truth of4 pro vid'ed1 furnished2 supplied with necessary articles4 puff'ing1 swelling with air2 blowing in short1 sudden whiffs4 pure1 clear2 free from other matter4 ,q quilt'ed1 stitched together with some soft substance between4 quo ta'tions1 portions of writings4 ,r range1 reach1 as of a gun4 ranks1 regular rows or lines1 as of soldiers4 ray1 light2 a line of light or heat proceeding from a certain point4 read'i ly1 without trouble or difficulty2 easily4 reap1 gather by cutting1 as a harvest4 re call'ing1 thinking of2 bringing back to mind4 re con sid'er1 think of again2 change one's mind4 rec'ords1 stories2 descriptions of events4 re gard'ed1 considered2 looked at earnestly4 re late'1 tell4 re lig'ious1 relating to religion4 re main'der1 the rest2 what is left4 re mind'1 call attention to for a second time4 re moved'1 moved away2 took off4 rent'ed1 gave possession of for pay4 re paired'1 mended4 re placed'1 put in place of another4 rep re sent'1 picture2 tell about in an effective manner4 re quire'1 need2 demand4 re sist'1 stand against2 oppose with force4 re spect'1 regard4 re tire'1 withdraw2 turn back4 re volv'er1 a fire-arm with several chambers or barrels4 rid1 free4 ridg'es1 a long range of hills2 steep places4 ri'fle1 a gun having the inside of the barrel grooved4 rind1 the outside coat1 as of fruit4 risk1 danger2 peril4 riv'u let1 a small river or brook4 rob'ber1 one who commits a robbery4 ro man'tic1 strange and interesting1 as a romantic story4 rouse1 awake2 excite4 ru'in1 that change of any thing which destroys it4 rust'y1 covered with rust on account of long disuse4 ,s sake1 purpose2 reason4 sap1 the juice of plants4 sat'in1 a glossy cloth made of silk4 scene1 picture2 view4 schol'ars1 men of learning2 those who attend school4 scorch'ing1 burning slightly2 affecting by heat4 scoured1 made clean and bright4 scram'bled1 moved with difficulty4 scum1 that which rises to the surface2 worthless matter4 se'ri ous1 severe2 sad in appearance4 serv'ice1 duty1 as of a soldier4 se vere'1 violent2 hard4 shab'by1 worn to rags2 poor in appearance4 shag'gy1 rough4 shal'lows1 places where the water is not deep4 shat'tered1 broken2 broken at once into many pieces4 sheath1 a covering for a sword4 shep'herd1 one who has the care of sheep4 shield1 a broad piece of armor carried on the arm4 shock1 a sudden striking against4 shriek1 a sharp1 shrill cry on account of surprise or pain4 siege1 a closing in on all sides of a fortified place4 sighs1 stifled groans2 long breaths4 skein1 a number of threads of silk or yarn4 skel'e ton1 bony frame-work of the body4 skull1 the bony case which encloses the brain4 sleet1 frozen mist4 slopes1 declines by degrees4 slum'ber1 sleep4 sly'ness1 cunning2 artfulness4 smites1 strikes1 as with a weapon4 snort'ing1 forcing the air through the nose with a loud noise4 soaked1 moistened throughout4 soar1 fly high4 sought 7sawt71 tried2 went in search of4 spared1 saved from death or punishment4 splut'ter ing1 boiling noisily2 speaking hastily4 spout1 run out with force4 sprained1 injured by straining4 spurred1 urged2 encouraged4 stale1 not new2 not fresh4 stee'ples1 high towers ending in a point4 stern1 hind part of a boat4 stock1 supply on hand4 stout1 large2 broad4 strain'ing1 exerting to the utmost4 strict1 severe2 exact4 stub'by1 short and thick4 sub'stan ces1 bodies2 matters4 suc ceed'ed1 obtained the object desired4 suf'fered1 felt pain4 sul'try1 very hot2 burning4 sup port'1 prop2 pillar4 sus pect'ed1 thought2 considered quite probable4 sus pi'cious1 indicating fear2 inclined to suspect4 ,t tab'let1 a flat piece of stone4 tac'tics1 disciplined movements4 tem'per1 way of acting4 tem'ple1 a place for worship4 ten'drils1 tender branches of plants4 ter'ri fied1 filled with fear4 ter'ri to ry1 a large tract of land4 ter'ror1 fear2 dread4 thieves persons who steal4 thirst1 strong desire for drink4 thith'er1 to that place4 thorns1 woody points on some trees and shrubs4 thor'ough1 complete2 perfect4 thread'bare1 worn out4 thrives1 prospers2 flourishes4 till'er1 the bar used to turn the rudder of a boat4 ti'tle1 a name4 tor'rid1 violently hot4 trace1 mark2 appearance4 tract1 a region4 treb'les1 the higher parts in music4 trick'led1 flowed in drops4 trop'ic al1 belonging to the tropics4 tuft1 a cluster or bunch4 tun'nels1 passages2 openings4 twinge1 a sudden1 sharp pain4 twink'ling1 a quick movement4 twit'ter ing1 a trembling noise4 ,u uncom'forta ble1 causing uneasiness2 not pleasant4 un der neath'1 below2 beneath4 un der take'1 attempt4 un ea'si ness1 want of ease4 un grate'ful1 not thankful4 u nit'ed1 joined2 combined4 un man'ly1 not worthy of a man4 un ru'ly1 not submissive4 un scarred'1 not marked4 urg'ing1 encouraging4 ut'most1 to the furthest point4 ,v val'u a ble1 of great value4 vel'vet1 a soft material woven from silk4 ver'min1 little animals or insects4 vic'tims1 persons destroyed in pursuit of an object4 vic'tor1 one who conquers4 vi'o lence1 force2 power4 virt'u ous1 inclined to do right4 ,w wa'ges1 what is paid for services4 wa'ter break 7breakwater71 that which breaks the force of water4 weap'on1 any thing to be used against an enemy4 whence1 from which or what place4 whiff1 a quick puff of air4 whith'er1 to what place4 wig1 a covering for the head1 made of hair4 wine1 a liquor made from grapes4 wits1 powers of the mind4 wrig'gled1 moved or twisted4 wrung1 distressed2 twisted about4 ,y yawns1 opens wide4 youth'ful1 young2 belonging to early life4