,illustration3 ,joannes ,evelyn ,armr   
,,acetaria  ,a ,,discourse ,,of         
,,sallets         99       99       99  
99       99  ,by ,,john ,,evelyn1 ,esq4 
,author of the ,kalendarium         99  
99       99       99       99           
,,brooklyn1  ,published by the ,women's 
,auxiliary1  ,,brooklyn ,,botanic       
,,garden  #aicg     ,printed in the     
,united ,states of ,america             
,publisher's ,note   ,this edition of   
,acetaria is a faithful reprint of the  
,first ,edition of #afii1 with the      
correction of a few obvious             
typographical errors1 and those noted in
 the ,errata of the original edition4   
,whereas no attempt has been made to    
reproduce the typography of the         
original1 the spirit has been retained1 
and the vagaries of spelling and        
punctuation have been carefully         
followed2 also the old-style ,s s has   
been retained4 ,much of the flavour of  
,acetaria is lost if it is scanned too  
hurriedly2 and one should remember also 

that ,latin and ,greek were the gauge of
 a man of letters1 and if the titles and
 quotations seem a bit ponderous1 they  
are as amusing a conceit as the ,french 
and ,german complacencies of a more     
recent generation4     ,foreword to     
,acetaria   ,john ,evelyn1 famous for   
his ,diary1 was a friend and            
contemporary of ,samuel ,pepys4 ,both   
were conscientious public servants who  
had held minor offices in the           
government4 ,but1 while ,pepys' diary is
 sparkling and redolent of the free     
manners of the ,restoration1 ,evelyn's  
is the record of a sober1 scholarly man4
 ,his mind turned to gardens1 to        
sculpture and architecture1 rather than 
to the gaieties of contemporary social  
life4 ,pepys was an urban figure and    
,evelyn was county4 ,he represents the  
combination of public servant and       
country gentleman which has been the    
supreme achievement of ,english culture4
  ,horace ,walpole said of him in his   
,catalogue of ,engravers1 ,i must       

observe that his life1 which was        
extended to eighty-six years1 was a     
course of inquiry1 study1 curiosity1    
instruction and benevolence4            
,courtiers1 artists1 and scientists were
 his friends4 ,grinling ,gibbons was    
brought to the ,king's notice by        
,evelyn1 and ,henry ,howard1 ,duke of   
,norfolk1 was persuaded by him to       
present the ,arundel ,marbles to the    
,university of ,oxford4 ,in ,london he  
engaged in divers charitable and civic  
affairs and was commissioner for        
improving the streets and buildings in  
,london4 ,he had charge of the sick and 
wounded of the ,dutch ,war and also1    
with the fineness of character typical  
of his kind1 he remained at his post    
through the ,great ,plague4 ,evelyn was 
also active in organizing the ,royal    
,society and became its first secretary4
  ,in the country he spent his time     
studying1 writing and in developing his 
own and his brother's estates4 ,he      
translated several ,french books1 one of

 them by ,nicolas de ,bonnefons was     
entitled ,the ,french ,gardener2        
instructions how to cultivate all sorts 
of fruit-trees4 ,evelyn undoubtedly knew
 another book of de ,bonnefons called   
,les ,delices de la ,campagne4 ,delights
 of the country1 according to de        
,bonnefons1 consisted largely in        
delights of the palate1 and perhaps it  
was this book which suggested to ,evelyn
 to write a cookery-garden book such as 
,acetaria4 ,he also translated ,jean de 
la ,quintinie's ,the ,compleat          
,gardener4 ,his ,sylva1 or a discourse  
of ,forest ,trees was written as a      
protest against the destruction of trees
 in ,england being carried on by the    
glass factories and iron furnaces1 and  
the book succeeded in inducing          
landowners to plant millions of trees4  
,the list of ,evelyn's writings shows a 
remarkable diversity in subject matter4 
,there was a book on numismatics and    
translations from the ,greek1 political 
and historical pamphlets1 and a book    

called ,fumifugium or the inconvenience 
of the ,aer and ,smoke of ,london       
dissipated1 in which he suggests that   
sweet-smelling trees should be planted  
to purify the air of ,london4 ,he also  
wrote a book called ,sculpture1 or the  
,history of ,chalcography and ,engraving
 in ,copper4  ,living in the country and
 cultivating his fruits and vegetables1 
,evelyn grew to be an ardent believer in
 vegetarianism and is probably the first
 advocate in ,england of a meatless     
diet4 ,he was so keen on preparing foods
 without meat that1 like another        
contemporary1 ,sir ,kenelm ,digby1 he   
collected recipes4 ,these1 interspersed 
with delightful philosophic comments and
 some directions about gardening1 were  
assembled in the little book ,acetaria4 
,this was published in #afii along with 
the ninth edition of the ,kalendarium   
,hortense1 a gardener's almanac4  ,the  
material for ,acetaria was gathered as  
early as #afgi with the idea of making  
it one chapter of an encyclopedic work  

on horticulture4 ,the ,plan of a ,royal 
,garden1 was ,evelyn's outline for that 
ambitious work4  ,the recipes are       
unusual and delicious and some of them  
are practical for today1 especially for 
the owner of a garden where pot herbs   
are cultivated4 ,evelyn uses the pot    
herbs for flavoring soups1 egg dishes1  
salletts and puddings4 ,the eggs with   
sweet herbs prepared in ramikins and the
 pudding flavored with the petals of    
calendulas are particularly good4  ,the 
book reveals his zest for living and the
 culture of his mind4 ,it also shows the
 thought and life of a country gentleman
 during the reign of ,charles the       
,second4 ,evidently1 in ,evelyn's home1 
the spirit of scientific investigation  
prevailed and there was a delight in new
 ideas4 ,evelyn supervised the garden   
and knew how to instruct the cook to    
prepare new dishes4  ,although ,acetaria
 is a book of directions for gardening  
and cooking1 it is not the least        
didactic but is written in a discoursive

 style and with a leisureliness and in a
 rhythm suited to the slow pace of a    
horse trotting through the winding lanes
 of the ,english countryside4 ,as we    
read1 we can almost see the butler      
bringing a fragrant pudding to the      
family assembled around the dining table
 in the wood-panelled room4 ,or again we
 can almost smell the thyme1 mint1 and  
savory growing in tidy rows in the      
well-tilled and neatly ordered garden of
 ,john ,evelyn4  ,helen ,m4 ,fox        
99       99       99       99       99  
,illustration3 ,facsimile of ,title     
,page of ,first ,edition           99   
99       99       99       99     ,to   
the ,right ,honourable  ,,john  ,lord   
,somers  of ,evesham  ,lord             
,high-,chancellor of ,england1  and     
,president of the ,royal-,society4      
99       99       99       99       99  
,my ,lord1  ,the ,idea and ,plan of the 
,royal-,society having been first       
conceiv'd and delineated by a ,great and
 ,learned ,chancellor1 which ,high      

,office your ,lordship deservedly bears2
 not as an ,acquisition of ,fortune1 but
 your ,intellectual ,endowments2        
,conspicuous 7among other ,excellencies7
 by the ,inclination ,your ,lordship    
discovers to promote ,natural           
,knowledge3 ,as it justifies the        
,discernment of that ,assembly1 to pitch
 upon ,your ,lordship for their         
,president1 so does it no less discover 
the ,candor1 yea1 ,i presume to say1 the
 ,sublimity of your ,mind1 in so        
generously honoring them with your      
,acceptance of the ,choice they have    
made4  ,a #a;,chancellor1 and a very    
,learned ,lord1 was the ,first who      
honoured the ,chair2 and a no less      
,honorable and ,learned ,chancellor1    
resigns it to ,your ,lordship3 ,so as   
after all the ,difficulties and         
,hardships the ,society has hitherto    
gone through2 it has thro' the ,favour  
and ,protection of its ,presidents1 not 
only preserv'd its ,reputation from the 
,malevolence of ,enemies and            

,detracters1 but gone on ,culminating1  
and now ,triumphantly in ,your          
,lordship3 ,under whose propitious      
,influence1 ,i am perswaded1 it may     
promise it self ,that1 which indeed has 
hitherto been wanting1 to justifie the  
,glorious ,title it bears of a ,,royal  
,,society4 ,the ,emancipating it from   
some ,remaining and ,discouraging       
,circumstances1 which it as yet labours 
under2 among which1 that of a           
,precarious and unsteady ,abode1 is not 
the least4  ,this ,honor was reserv'd   
for ,your ,lordship2 and an ,honor1     
permit me to call it1 not at all        
unworthy the ,owning of the ,greatest   
,person living3 ,namely1 the            
,establishing and ,promoting ,real      
,knowledge2 and 7next to what is        
,divine7 truly so called2 as far1 at    
least1 as ,humane ,nature extends       
towards the ,knowledge of ,nature1 by   
enlarging her ,empire beyond the ,land  
of ,spectres1 ,forms1 ,intentional      
,species1 ,vacuum1 ,occult ,qualities1  

and other ,inadequate ,notions2 which1  
by their ,obstreperous and ,noisy       
,disputes1 affrighting1 and 7till of    
late7 deterring ,men from adventuring on
 further ,discoveries1 confin'd them in 
a lazy ,acquiescence1 and to be fed with
 ,fantasms and fruitless ,speculations1 
which signifie nothing to the specifick 
,nature of ,things1 solid and useful    
knowledge2 by the ,investigation of     
,causes1 ,principles1 ,energies1        
,powers1 and ,effects of ,bodies1 and   
,things ,visible2 and to improve them   
for the ,good and ,benefit of ,mankind4 
,my ,lord1 ,that which the ,royal       
,society needs to accomplish an entire  
,freedom1 and 7by rendring their        
,circumstances more easie7 capable to   
subsist with ,honor1 and to reach indeed
 the ,glorious ,ends of its             
,institution1 is an ,establishment in a 
more ,settl'd1 ,appropriate1 and        
,commodious ,place2 having hitherto     
7like the ,tabernacle in the            
,wilderness7 been only ,ambulatory for  

almost ,forty ,years3 ,but ,solomon     
built the ,first ,temple2 and what      
forbids us to hope1 that as ,great a    
,prince may build ,solomon's ,house1 as 
that ,great ,chancellor 7one of ,your   
,lordship's ,learned ,predecessors7 had 
design'd the ,plan2 there being nothing 
in that ,august and ,noble ,model       
impossible1 or beyond the ,power of     
,nature and ,learned ,industry4  ,thus1 
whilst ,king ,solomon's ,temple was     
,consecrated to the ,god of ,nature1 and
 his true ,worship2 ,this may be        
,dedicated1 and set apart for the ,works
 of ,nature2 deliver'd from those       
,illusions and ,impostors1 that are     
still endeavouring to cloud and depress 
the ,true1 and ,substantial ,philosophy3
 ,a shallow and ,superficial ,insight1  
wherein 7as that ,incomparable ,person  
rightly observes7 having made so many   
,atheists3 whilst a profound and thorow 
,penetration into her ,recesses 7which  
is the ,business of the ,royal ,society7
 would lead ,men to the ,knowledge1 and 

,admiration of the ,glorious ,author4   
,and now1 ,my ,lord1 ,i expect some will
 wonder what my ,meaning is1 to usher in
 a ,trifle1 with so much ,magnificence1 
and end at last in a fine ,receipt for  
the ,dressing of a ,sallet with an      
,handful of ,pot-,herbs6 ,but yet1 ,my  
,lord1 this ,subject1 as low and        
despicable as it appears1 challenges a  
,part of ,natural ,history1 and the     
,greatest ,princes have thought it no   
,disgrace1 not only to make it their    
,diversion1 but their ,care1 and to     
promote and encourage it in the midst of
 their weightiest ,affairs3 ,he who     
wrote of the ,cedar of ,libanus1 wrote  
also of the ,hysop which grows upon the 
,wall4  ,to verifie this1 how much might
 ,i say of ,gardens and ,rural          
,employments1 preferrable to the ,pomp  
and ,grandeur of other ,secular         
,business1 and that in the ,estimate of 
as ,great ,men as any ,age has produc'd6
 ,and it is of such ,great ,souls we    
have it recorded2 ,that after they had  

perform'd the ,noblest ,exploits for the
 ,publick1 they sometimes chang'd their 
,scepters for the ,spade1 and their     
,purple for the ,gardiner's ,apron4 ,and
 of these1 some1 ,my ,lord1 were        
,emperors1 ,kings1 ,consuls1 ,dictators1
 and ,wise ,statesmen2 who amidst the   
most important ,affairs1 both in ,peace 
and ,war1 have quitted all their ,pomp  
and ,dignity in ,exchange of this       
,learned ,pleasure3 ,nor that of the    
most refin'd ,part of ,agriculture 7the 
,philosophy of the ,garden and ,parterre
 only7 but of ,herbs1 and wholesom      
,sallets1 and other plain and useful    
,parts of ,geoponicks1 and ,wrote ,books
 of ,tillage and ,husbandry2 and took   
the ,plough-,tackle for their ,banner1  
and their ,names from the ,grain and    
,pulse they sow'd1 as the ,marks and    
,characters of the highest ,honor4  ,but
 ,i proceed no farther on a ,topic so   
well known to ,your ,lordship3 ,nor urge
 ,i ,examples of such ,illustrious      
,persons laying aside their ,grandeur1  

and even of deserting their ,stations2  
7which would infinitely prejudice the   
,publick1 when worthy ,men are in       
,place1 and at the ,helm7 ,but to shew  
how consisent the ,diversions of the    
,garden and ,villa were1 with the       
highest and busiest ,employment of the  
,commonwealth1 and never thought a      
,reproch1 or the least ,diminution to   
the ,gravity and ,veneration due to     
their ,persons1 and the ,noble ,rank    
they held4  ,will ,your ,lordship give  
me ,leave to repeat what is said of the 
,younger ,pliny1 7,nephew to the        
,naturalist7 and whom ,i think we may   
parallel with the ,greatest of his time 
7and perhaps of any since7 under the    
,worthiest ,emperor the ,roman world    
ever had8 ,a ,person of vast ,abilities1
 ,rich1 and ,high in his ,master's      
,favour2 that so ,husbanded his time1 as
 in the ,midst of the weightiest        
,affairs1 to have ,answer'd1 and by his 
#b;,example1 made good what ,i have said
 on this ,occasion4 ,the ,ancient and   

best ,magistrates of ,rome allow'd but  
the ,ninth ,day for the ,city and       
,publick ,business2 the rest for the    
,country and the ,sallet ,garden3 ,there
 were then fewer ,causes indeed at the  
,bar2 but never greater ,justice1 nor   
better ,judges and ,advocates4 ,and 'tis
 hence observed1 that we hardly find a  
,great and ,wise ,man among the         
,ancients1 qui nullos habuit hortos1    
excepting only ,pomponius ,atticus2     
wilst his ,dear ,cicero professes1 that 
he never laid out his ,money more       
readily1 than in the purchasing of      
,gardens1 and those sweet ,retirements1 
for which he so often left the ,rostra  
7and ,court of the ,greatest and most   
flourishing ,state of the ,world7 to    
visit1 prune1 and water them with his   
own ,hands4  ,but1 ,my ,lord1 ,i forget 
with whom ,i am talking thus2 and a     
,gardiner ought not to be so bold4 ,the 
present ,i humbly make your ,lordship1  
is indeed but a ,sallet of ,crude       
,herbs3 ,but there is among them that   

which was a ,prize at the ,isthmian     
,games2 and ,your ,lordship knows who it
 was both accepted1 and rewarded as     
despicable an ,oblation of this kind4   
,the ,favor ,i humbly beg1 is ,your     
,lordship's ,pardon for this            
,presumption4 ,the ,subject is mean1 and
 requires it1 and my ,reputation in     
danger2 should ,your ,lordship hence    
suspect that one could never write so   
much of dressing ,sallets1 who minded   
anything serious1 besides the gratifying
 a ,sensual ,appetite with a ,voluptuary
 ,apician ,art4  ,truly1 ,my ,lord1 ,i  
am so far from designing to promote     
those ,supplicia ,luxuriae1 7as ,seneca 
calls them7 by what ,i have here        
written2 that were it in my ,power1 ,i  
would recall the ,world1 if not         
altogether to their ,pristine ,diet1 yet
 to a much more wholsome and temperate  
than is now in ,fashion3 ,and what if   
they find me like to some who are eager 
after ,hunting and other ,field-,sports1
 which are ,laborious ,exercises8 and   

,fishing1 which is indeed a ,lazy one8  
who1 after all their ,pains and         
,fatigue1 never eat what they take and  
catch in either3 ,for some such ,i have 
known3 ,and tho' ,i cannot affirm so of 
my self1 7when a well drest and         
excellent ,sallet is before me7 ,i am   
yet a very moderate ,eater of them4 ,so 
as to this ,book-,luxury1 ,i can affirm1
 and that truly what the ,poet says of  
himself 7on a less innocent ,occasion7  
,lasciva pagina1 vita proba4 ,god       
forbid1 that after all ,i have advanc'd 
in ,praise of ,sallets1 ,i should be    
thought to plead for the ,vice ,i       
censure1 and chuse that of ,epicurus for
 my ,lemma2 ,in hac arte consenui2 or to
 have spent my time in nothing else4    
,the ,plan annext to these ,papers1 and 
the ,apparatus made to superstruct upon 
it1 would acquit me of having bent all  
my ,contemplations on ,sallets only4    
,what ,i humbly offer ,your ,lordship1  
is 7as ,i said7 ,part of ,natural       
,history1 the ,product of ,horticulture1

 and the ,field1 dignified by the most  
illustrious1 and sometimes tilled       
,laureato ,vomere2 which1 as it concerns
 a ,part of ,philosophy1 ,i may 7without
 ,vanity7 be allow'd to have taken some 
,pains in ,cultivating1 as an inferior  
,member of the ,royal ,society4  ,but1  
,my ,lord1 wilst ,you read on 7if at    
least ,you vouchsafe me that ,honor to  
read at all7 ,i am conscious ,i rob the 
,publick of its most ,precious ,moments4
  ,i therefore ,humbly again ,implore   
,your ,lordship's ,pardon3 ,nor indeed  
needed ,i to have said half this1 to    
kindle in ,your ,breast1 that which is  
already shining there 7,your ,lordship's
 ,esteem of the ,royal ,society7 after  
what ,you were pleas'd to ,express in   
such an ,obliging manner1 when it was   
lately to wait upon ,your ,lordship2    
among whom ,i had the ,honor to be a    
,witness of ,your ,generous1 and        
,favourable ,acceptance of their        
,addresses1 who am1  ,my ,lord1   ,your 
,lordship's ,most ,humble     and ,most 

,obedient ,servant1    ,,john ,,evelyn4 
99       99       99       99       99  
,,the ,,preface   ,the ,favourable      
,entertainment which the ,kalendar has  
found1 encouraging the ,bookseller to   
adventure upon a ,ninth ,impression1 ,i 
could not refuse his ,request of my     
,revising1 and ,giving it the best      
,improvement ,i was capable1 to an      
,inexhaustible ,subject1 as it regards a
 ,part of ,horticulture2 and offer some 
little ,aid to such as love a ,diversion
 so ,innocent and ,laudable4 ,there are 
those of late1 who have arrogated1 and  
given the ,glorious ,title of ,compleat 
and ,accomplish'd ,gardiners1 to what   
they have ,publish'd2 as if there were  
nothing wanting1 nothing more remaining1
 or farther to be expected from the     
,field2 and that ,nature had been quite 
emptied of all her fertile ,store3      
,whilst those who thus magnifie their   
,discoveries1 have after all1 penetrated
 but a very little ,way into this ,vast1
 ,ample1 and as yet1 ,unknown           

,territory2 ,who see not1 that it would 
still require the ,revolution of many   
,ages2 deep1 and long ,experience1 for  
any ,man to ,emerge that ,perfect1 and  
,accomplish'd ,artist ,gardiner they    
boast themselves to be3 ,nor do ,i      
think1 ,men will ever reach the ,end1   
and far extended ,limits of the         
,vegetable ,kingdom1 so incomprehensible
 is the ,variety it every ,day produces1
 of the most ,useful1 and ,admirable of 
all the ,aspectable ,works of ,god2     
since almost all we see1 and touch1 and 
taste1 and smell1 eat and drink1 are    
clad with1 and defended 7from the       
,greatest ,prince to the ,meanest       
,peasant7 is furnished from that ,great 
and ,universal ,plantation1 ,epitomiz'd 
in our ,gardens1 highly worth the       
,contemplation of the most ,profound    
,divine1 and ,deepest ,philosopher4  ,i 
should be asham'd to acknowledge how    
little ,i have advanced1 could ,i find  
that ever any ,mortal ,man from ,adam1  
,noah1 ,solomon1 ,aristotle1            

,theophrastus1 ,dioscorides1 and the    
rest of ,nature's ,interpreters1 had    
ever arriv'd to the perfect ,knowledge  
of any one ,plant1 or ,vulgar ,weed     
whatsoever3 ,but this perhaps may yet   
possibly be reserv'd for another ,state 
of ,things1 and a #clonger ,day2 that   
is1 ,when ,time shall be no more1 but   
,knowledge shall be encreas'd4  ,we have
 heard of one who studied and           
contemplated the ,nature of ,bees only1 
for ,sixty ,years3 ,after which1 you    
will not wonder1 that a ,person of my   
,acquaintance1 should have spent almost 
,forty1 in ,gathering and ,amassing     
,materials for an ,hortulan ,design1 to 
so enormous an ,heap1 as to fill some   
,thousand ,pages2 and yet be            
comprehended within two1 or three ,acres
 of ,ground2 nay1 within the ,square of 
less than ,one 7skilfully ,planted and  
,cultivated7 sufficient to furnish1 and 
entertain his ,time and ,thoughts all   
his ,life long1 with a most ,innocent1  
,agreeable1 and ,useful ,employment4    

,but you may justly wonder1 and ,condemn
 the ,vanity of it too1 with that       
,reproach1 ,this ,man began to build1   
but was not able to finish6 ,this has   
been the ,fate of that ,undertaking2 and
 ,i dare promise1 will be of whosoever  
imagines 7without the ,circumstances of 
extraordinary ,assistance1 and no       
ordinary ,expence7 to pursue the ,plan1 
erect1 and finish the ,fabrick as it    
ought to be4  ,but this is that which   
,abortives the ,perfection of the most  
,glorious and ,useful ,undertakings2 the
 ,unsatiable ,coveting to ,exhaust all  
that should1 or can be said upon every  
,head3 ,if such a one have any thing    
else to mind1 or do in the ,world1 let  
me tell him1 he thinks of ,building too 
late2 and rarely find we any1 who care  
to superstruct upon the ,foundation of  
another1 and whose ,ideas are alike4    
,there ought therefore to be as many    
,hands1 and ,subsidiaries to such a     
,design 7and those ,matters too7 as     
there are distinct ,parts of the ,whole 

7according to the subsequent ,table7    
that those who have the ,means and      
,courage1 may 7tho' they do not         
undertake the ,whole7 finish a ,part at 
least1 and in time ,unite their ,labours
 into one ,intire1 ,compleat1 and       
,consummate ,work indeed4  ,of ,one or  
,two of these1 ,i attempted only a      
,specimen in my ,,silva and the         
,,kalendar2 ,imperfect1 ,i say1 because 
they are both capable of ,great         
,improvements3 ,it is not therefore to  
be expected 7,let me use the ,words of  
an ,old1 and ,experienced ,gardiner7    
,cuncta me dicturum1 quae vastitas ejus 
scientiae contineret1 sed plurima2 nam  
illud in unius hominis prudentiam cadere
 non poterit1 neque est ulla ,disciplina
 aut ,ars1 quae singulari consummata sit
 ingenio4  ,may it then suffice aliquam 
partem tradidisse1 and that ,i have done
 my ,endeavour4     444 ,jurtilis olim  
,ne ,videar vixisse4   ,much more might 
,i add upon this ,charming1 and         
,fruitful ,subject 7,i mean1 concerning 

,gardening37 ,but this is not a ,place  
to ,expatiate1 deterr'd1 as ,i have long
 since been1 from so bold an            
,enterprize1 as the ,fabrick ,i         
mentioned4 ,i content my self then with 
an ,humble ,cottage1 and a ,simple      
,potagere1 ,appendant to the ,calendar2 
which1 ,treating only 7and that briefly7
 of the ,culture of ,moderate ,gardens2 
,nothing seems to me1 shou'd be more    
,welcome and ,agreeable1 than whilst the
 ,product of them is come into more     
,request and ,use amongst us1 than      
heretofore 7beside what we call1 and    
distinguish by the ,name of ,fruit7 ,i  
did annex some particular ,directions   
concerning ,s ,a ,l ,l ,e ,t ,s4        
99       99       99       99       99  
,,the   ,,plan  ,,of ,a  ,,royal        
,,garden3   ,describing1 and ,shewing   
the ,amplitude1 and ,extent of that     
,part of ,georgicks1 which belongs to   
,horticulture4          99       99     
99       99       99  ,in ,three ,books 
99       99       99       99       99  

,,book ,i4   ,chap4 ,i4 ,of ,principles 
and ,elements in general4  ,chap4 ,,ii4 
,of the ,four 7vulgarly reputed7        
,elements2 ,fire1 ,air1 ,water2 ,earth4 
,chap4 ,,iii4 ,of the ,celestial        
,influences1 and particularly of the    
,sun1 ,moon1 and of the ,climates4      
,chap4 ,,iv4 ,of the ,four ,annual      
,seasons4  ,chap4 ,v4 ,of the ,natural  
,mould and ,soil of a ,garden4  ,chap4  
,,vi4 ,of ,composts1 and ,stercoration1 
,repastination1 ,dressing and ,stirring 
the ,earth and ,mould of a ,garden4     
,,book ,,ii4   ,chap4 ,i4 ,a ,garden    
,derived and ,defin'd2 its ,dignity1    
,distinction1 and ,sorts4  ,chap4 ,,ii4 
,of a ,gardiner1 how to be qualify 'd1  
regarded and rewarded2 his ,habitation1 
,cloathing1 ,diet1 ,under-,workmen and  
,assistants4  ,chap4 ,,iii4 ,of the     
,instruments belonging to a ,gardiner2  
their various ,uses1 and ,machanical    
,powers4  ,chap4 ,,iv4 ,of the ,terms   
us'd1 and affected by ,gardiners4       
,chap4 ,v4 ,of ,enclosing1 ,fencing1    

,plotting1 and disposing of the ,ground2
 and of ,terraces1 ,walks1 ,allies1     
,malls1 ,bowling-,greens1 c4  ,chap4    
,,vi4 ,of a ,seminary1 ,nurseries2 and  
of ,propagating ,trees1 ,plants and     
,flowers1 ,planting and ,transplanting1 
c4  ,chap4 ,,vii4 ,of ,knots1           
,parterres1 ,compartiments1 ,borders1   
,banks and ,embossments4  ,chap4 ,,viii4
 ,of ,groves1 ,labyrinths1 ,dedals1     
,cabinets1 ,cradles1 ,close-,walks1     
,galleries1 ,pavilions1 ,portico's1     
,lanterns1 and other ,relievo's2 of     
,topiary and ,hortulan ,architecture4   
,chap4 ,,ix4 ,of ,fountains1 ,jetto's1  
,cascades1 ,rivulets1 ,piscinas1        
,canals1 ,baths1 and other ,natural1 and
 ,artificial ,water-works4  ,chap4 ,x4  
,of ,rocks1 ,grotts1 ,cryptae1 ,mounts1 
,precipices1 ,ventiducts1               
,conservatories1 of ,ice and ,snow1 and 
other ,hortulan ,refreshments4  ,chap4  
,,xi4 ,of ,statues1 ,busts1 ,obelisks1  
,columns1 ,inscriptions1 ,dials1        
,vasa's1 ,perspectives1 ,paintings1 and 

other ,ornaments4  ,chap4 ,,xii4 ,of    
,gazon-,theatres1 ,amphitheatres1       
,artificial ,echo's1 ,automata and      
,hydraulic ,musck4  ,chap4 ,,xiii4 ,of  
,aviaries1 ,apiaries1 ,vivaries1        
,insects1 c4  ,chap4 ,,xiv4 ,of         
,verdures1 ,perennial ,greens1 and      
,perpetual ,springs4  ,chap4 ,,xv4 ,of  
,orangeries1 ,oporotheca's1             
,hybernacula1 ,stoves1 and              
,conservatories of ,tender ,plants and  
,fruits1 and how to order them4  ,chap4 
,,xvi4 ,of the ,coronary ,garden3       
,flowers and ,rare ,plants1 how they are
 to be ,raised1 ,governed and ,improved2
 and how the ,gardiner is to keep his   
,register4  ,chap4 ,,xvii4 ,of the      
,philosophical ,medical ,garden4  ,chap4
 ,,xviii4 ,of ,stupendous and ,wonderful
 ,plants4  ,chap4 ,,xix4 ,of the        
,hort-,yard and ,potagere2 and what     
,fruit-,trees1 ,olitory and ,esculent   
,plants1 may be admitted into a ,garden 
of ,pleasure4  ,chap4 ,,xx4 ,of         
,sallets4  ,chap4 ,,xxi4 ,of a          

,vineyard1 and ,directions concerning   
the making of ,wine and other ,vinous   
,liquors1 and of ,teas4  ,chap4 ,,xxii4 
,of ,watering1 ,pruning1 ,plashing1     
,pallisading1 ,nailing1 ,clipping1      
,mowing1 ,rowlling1 ,weeding1           
,cleansing1 c4  ,chap4 ,,xxiii4 ,of the 
,enemies and ,infirmities to which      
,gardens are obnoxious1 together with   
,remedies4  ,chap4 ,,xxiv4 ,of the      
,gardiner's ,almanack or ,kalendarium   
,hortense1 directing what he is to do   
,monthly1 and what ,fruits and ,flowers 
are in prime4   ,,book ,,iii4   ,chap4  
,i4 ,of ,conserving1 ,properating1      
,retarding1 ,multiplying1 ,transmuting1 
and ,altering the  ,species1 ,forms1 and
 7reputed7 ,substantial ,qualities of   
,plants1 ,fruits and ,flowers4  ,chap4  
,,ii4 ,of the ,hortulan ,elaboratory2   
and of distilling and extracting of     
,waters1 ,spirits1 ,essences1 ,salts1   
,colours1 ,resuscitation of ,plants1    
with other rare ,experiments1 and an    
,account of their ,virtues4  ,chap4     

,,iii4 ,of ,composing the ,hortus       
,hyemalis1 and making ,books1 of        
,natural1 ,arid ,plants and ,flowers1   
with several ,ways of ,preserving them  
in their ,beauty4  ,chap4 ,,iv4 ,of     
,painting of ,flowers1 ,flowers         
enamell'd1 ,silk1 ,callico's1 ,paper1   
,wax1 ,guns1 ,pasts1 ,horns1 ,glass1    
,shells1 ,feathers1 ,moss1 ,pietra      
,comessa1 ,inlayings1 ,embroyderies1    
,carvings1 and other ,artificial        
,representations of them4  ,chap4 ,v4   
,of ,crowns1 ,chaplets1 ,garlands1      
,festoons1 ,encarpa1 ,flower-,pots1     
,nosegays1 ,poeses1 ,deckings1 and other
 ,flowery ,pomps4  ,chap4 ,,vi4 ,of     
,hortulan ,laws and ,privileges4  ,chap4
 ,,vii4 ,of the ,hortulan ,study1 and of
 a ,library1 ,authors and ,books        
assistant to it4  ,chap4 ,,viii4 ,of    
,hortulan ,entertainments1 ,natural1    
,divine1 ,moral1 and ,political2 with   
divers ,historical ,passages1 and       
,solemnities1 to shew the ,riches1      
,beauty1 ,wonder1 ,plenty1 ,delight1 and

 ,universal ,use of ,gardens4  ,chap4   
,,ix4 ,of ,garden ,burial4  ,chap4 ,x4  
,of ,paradise1 and of the most ,famous  
,gardens in the ,world1 ,ancient and    
,modern4  ,chap4 ,,xi4 ,the ,description
 of a ,villa4  ,chap4 ,,xii4 ,the       
,corollary and ,conclusion4             
----,laudato ingentia rura1   ,exiguum  
colito4----          99       99        
99       99       99   ,illustration    
,,acetaria3  ,a ,discourse of ,sallets  
99       99       99       99       99  
,sallets in general consist of certain  
,esculent ,plants and ,herbs1 improv'd  
by ,culture1 ,industry1 and ,art of the 
,gard'ner3 ,or1 as others say1 they are 
a ,composition of ,edule ,plants and    
,roots of several kinds1 to be eaten    
,raw or ,green1 ,blanch'd or ,candied3  
simple--and per se1 or intermingl'd with
 others according to the ,season4 ,the  
,boil'd1 ,bak'd1 ,pickl'd1 or otherwise 
disguis'd1 variously accommodated by the
 skilful ,cooks1 to render them grateful
 to the more feminine ,palat1 or ,herbs 

rather for the ,pot1 c4 challenge not   
the name of ,sallet so properly here1   
tho' sometimes mention'd2 ,and          
therefore1  ,those who ,criticize not so
 nicely upon the ,word1 seem to         
distinguish the #d,olera 7which were    
never eaten ,raw7 from ,acetaria1 which 
were never ,boil'd2 and so they derive  
the ,etymology of ,olus1 from ,olla1 the
 ,pot4 ,but others deduce it from       
,greek3 ,olos1 comprehending the        
,universal ,genus of the ,vegetable     
,kingdom2 as from ,greek3 ,pan ,panis2  
esteeming that he who had #e;,bread and 
,herbs1 was sufficiently bless'd with   
all a frugal ,man cou'd need or desire3 
,others again will have it1 ab ,olendo1 
i4e4 ,crescendo1 from its continual     
growth and springing up3 ,so the younger
 ,scaliger on ,varro3 ,but his ,father  
,julius extends it not so generally to  
all ,plants1 as to all the ,esculents1  
according to the ,text3 ,we call those  
,olera 7says #f,theophrastus7 which are 
commonly eaten1 in which sense it may be

 taken1 to include both ,boil'd and     
,raw3 ,last of all1 ab ,alendo1 as      
having been the ,original1 and genuine  
,food of all ,mankind from the          
#g;,creation4  ,a great deal more of    
this ,learned ,stuff were to be pick'd  
up from the ,cumini ,sectores1 and      
impertinently ,curious2 whilst as it    
concerns the business in hand1 we are by
 ,sallet to understand a particular     
,composition of certain ,crude and fresh
 ,herbs1 such as usually are1 or may    
safely be eaten with some ,acetous      
,juice1 ,oyl1 ,salt1 c4 to give them a  
grateful ,gust and ,vehicle2 exclusive  
of the #h;,greek3 psuchrai trapezai1    
eaten without their due ,correctives1   
which the ,learned #i,salmasius1 and1   
indeed generally1 the #ajold ,physicians
 affirm 7and that truly7 all ,crude and 
raw ,greek3 lachana require to render   
them wholsome2 so as probably they were 
from hence1 as #aa,pliny thinks1 call'd 
,acetaria3 and not 7as ,hermolaus and   
some others7 ,acceptaria ab ,accipiendo2

 nor from ,accedere1 though so #abready 
at hand1 and easily dress'd2 requiring  
neither ,fire1 ,cost1 or ,attendance1 to
 boil1 roast1 and prepare them as did   
,flesh1 and other ,provisions2 from     
which1 and other ,prerogatives1 they    
were always in use1 c4 ,and hence indeed
 the more frugal ,italians and ,french1 
to this ,day1 gather ,ogni ,verdura1 any
 thing almost that's ,green and ,tender1
 to the very ,tops of ,nettles2 so as   
every ,hedge affords a ,sallet 7not     
unagreeable7 season'd with its proper   
,oxybaphon of ,vinegar1 ,salt1 ,oyl1 c4 
which doubtless gives it both the       
,relish and ,name of ,salad1            
,emsalada#ac1 as with us of ,sallet2    
from the ,sapidity1 which renders not   
,plants and ,herbs alone1 but ,men      
themselves1 and their ,conversations1   
pleasant and agreeable3 ,but of this    
enough1 and perhaps too much2 least     
whilst ,i write of ,salt and ,sallet1 ,i
 appear my self ,insipid3 ,i pass       
therefore to the ,ingredients1 which we 

will call   ,furniture and ,materials   
,the ,materials of ,sallets1 which      
together with the grosser ,olera1       
consist of ,roots1 ,stalks1 ,leaves1    
,buds1 ,flowers1 c4 ,fruits 7belonging  
to another ,class7 would require a much 
ampler ,volume1 than would suit our     
,kalendar1 7of which this pretends to be
 an ,appendix only7 should we extend the
 following ,catalogue further than to a 
brief enumeration only of such          
,herbaceous ,plants1 ,oluscula and      
smaller ,esculents1 as are chiefly us'd 
in ,cold ,sallets1 of whose ,culture we 
have treated there2 and as we gather    
them from the ,mother and ,genial ,bed1 
with a touch only of their ,qualities1  
for ,reasons hereafter given4   #a4     
,alexanders1 ,hipposelinum2 ,s4         
,smyrnium vulgare 7much of the nature of
 ,persly7 is moderately hot1 and of a   
cleansing ,faculty1 ,deobstructing1     
nourishing1 and comforting the ,stomach4
 ,the gentle fresh ,sprouts1 ,buds1 and 
,tops are to be chosen1 and the ,stalks 

eaten in the ,spring2 and when          
,blanch'd1 in ,winter likewise1 with    
,oyl1 ,pepper1 ,salt1 c4 by themselves1 
or in ,composition3 ,they make also an  
excellent ,vernal ,pottage4   #b4       
,artichaux1 ,cinara1 7,carduus ,sativus7
 hot and dry4 ,the ,heads being slit in 
quarters first eaten raw1 with ,oyl1 a  
little ,vinegar1 ,salt1 and ,pepper1    
gratefully recommend a ,glass of ,wine2 
,dr4 ,muffet says1 at the end of ,meals4
  ,they are likewise1 whilst tender and 
small1 fried in fresh ,butter crisp with
 ,persley4 ,but then become a most      
delicate and excellent ,restorative1    
when full grown1 they are boil'd the    
common way4 ,the ,bottoms are also bak'd
 in ,pies1 with ,marrow1 ,dates1 and    
other rich ,ingredients3 ,in ,italy they
 sometimes broil them1 and as the ,scaly
 ,leaves open1 baste them with fresh and
 sweet ,oyl2 but with ,care             
extraordinary1 for if a drop fall upon  
the ,coals1 all is marr'd2 that hazard  
escap'd1 they eat them with the ,juice  

of ,orange and ,sugar4  ,the ,stalk is  
,blanch'd in ,autumn1 and the ,pith     
eaten raw or boil'd4 ,the way of        
preserving them fresh all ,winter1 is by
 separating the ,bottoms from the       
,leaves1 and after ,parboiling1 allowing
 to every ,bottom1 a small earthen      
glaz'd ,pot2 burying it all over in     
fresh melted ,butter1 as they do        
,wild-,fowl1 c4 ,or if more than one1 in
 a larger ,pot1 in the same ,bed and    
,covering1 ,layer upon ,layer4  ,they   
are also preserv'd by stringing them on 
,pack-thread1 a clean ,paper being put  
between every ,bottom1 to hinder them   
from touching one another1 and so hung  
up in a dry place4 ,they are likewise   
,pickl'd4  ',tis not very long since    
this noble ,thistle came first into     
,italy1 ,improv'd to this ,magnitude by 
,culture2 and so rare in ,england1 that 
they were commonly sold for ,crowns a   
piece3 ,but what ,carthage yearly spent 
in them 7as ,pliny computes the ,sum7   
amounted to ,sestertia ,sena ,millia1   

#cjjjj l4 ,sterling4  ,note1 ,that the  
,spanish ,cardon1 a wild and smaller    
,artichoak1 with sharp pointed ,leaves1 
and lesser ,head2 the ,stalks being     
,blanch'd and tender1 are serv'd-up a la
 ,poiverade 7that is with ,oyl1 ,pepper1
 c47 as the ,french term is4   #c4      
,basil1 ,ocimum 7as ,baulm7 imparts a   
grateful ,flavour1 if not too strong1   
somewhat offensive to the ,eyes2 and    
therefore the tender ,tops to be very   
sparingly us'd in our ,sallet4   #d4    
,baulm1 ,melissa1 ,baum1 hot and dry1   
,cordial and exhilarating1 sovereign for
 the ,brain1 strengthning the ,memory1  
and powerfully chasing away ,melancholy4
 ,the tender ,leaves are us'd in        
,composition with other ,herbs2 and the 
,sprigs fresh gather'd1 put into ,wine  
or other ,drinks1 during the heat of    
,summer1 give it a marvellous quickness3
 ,this noble ,plant yields an           
incomparable ,wine1 made as is that of  
,cowslip-,flowers4   #e4 ,beet1 ,beta2  
of which there is both ,red1 ,black1 and

 ,white3 ,the ,costa1 or ,rib of the    
,white ,beet 7by the ,french call'd the 
,chard7 being boil'd1 melts1 and eats   
like ,marrow4 ,and the ,roots           
7especially of the ,red7 cut into thin  
slices1 boil'd1 when cold1 is of it self
 a grateful winter ,sallet2 or being    
mingl'd with other ,oluscula1 ,oyl1     
,vinegar1 ,salt1 c4 ',tis of quality    
,cold and ,moist1 and naturally somewhat
 ,laxative3 ,but however by the         
,epigrammatist stil'd ,foolish and      
,insipid1 as ,innocentior quam ,olus    
7for so the ,learned #ad;,harduin reads 
the place7 'tis by ,diphilus of old1 and
 others since1 preferr'd before ,cabbage
 as of better ,nourishment3 ,martial    
7not unlearn'd in the ,art of ,sallet7  
commends it with ,wine and ,pepper3 ,he 
names it indeed--,fabrorum prandia1 for 
its being so vulgar4 ,but eaten with    
,oyl and ,vinegar1 as usually1 it is no 
despicable ,sallet4 ,there is a ,beet   
growing near the ,sea1 which is the most
 delicate of all4 ,the ,roots of the    

,red ,beet1 pared into thin ,slices and 
,circles1 are by the ,french and        
,italians contriv'd into curious        
,figures to adorn their ,sallets4   #f4 
,blite1 ,blitum2 ,english ,mercury1 or  
7as our ,country ,house wives call it7  
,all-good1 the gentle ,turiones1 and    
,tops may be eaten as ,sparagus1 or     
sodden in ,pottage3 ,there is both a    
white and red1 much us'd in ,spain and  
,italy2 but besides its humidity and    
detersive ,nature1 'tis ,insipid enough4
   #g4 ,borrage1 ,borrago 7,gaudia      
semper ago7 hot and kindly moist1       
purifying the ,blood1 is an exhilarating
 ,cordial1 of a pleasant ,flavour3 ,the 
tender ,leaves1 and ,flowers especially1
 may be eaten in ,composition2 but above
 all1 the ,sprigs in ,wine1 like those  
of ,baum1 are of known ,vertue to revive
 the ,hypochondriac1 and chear the hard 
,student4 ,see ,bugloss4   #h4          
,brooklime1 ,anagallis aquatica2        
moderately hot and moist1 prevalent in  
the ,scorbute1 and ,stone4   #i4        

,bugloss1 ,buglossum2 in mature much    
like ,borrage1 yet something more       
astringent4 ,the ,flowers of both1 with 
the intire ,plant1 greatly restorative1 
being ,conserv'd3 ,and for the rest1 so 
much commended by ,averroes2 that for   
its effects1 cherishing the ,spirits1   
justly call'd ,euphrosynum2 ,nay1 some  
will have it the ,nepenthes of ,homer3  
,but indeed1 what we now call ,bugloss1 
was not that of the ,ancients1 but      
rather ,borrage1 for the like ,virtue   
named ,corrago4   ,burnet1 ,see         
,pimpinella4   #aj4 ,buds1 ,gemmae1     
,turiones2 the first ,rudiments and     
,tops of most ,sallet-,plants1          
preferrable to all other less tender    
,parts2 such as ,ashen-,keys1           
,broom-buds1 hot and dry1 retaining the 
vertue of ,capers1 esteem'd to be very  
opening1 and prevalent against the      
,spleen and ,scurvy2 and being ,pickl'd1
 are sprinkl'd among the ,sallets1 or   
eaten by themselves4   #aa4 ,cabbage1   
,brassica 7and its several kinds7       

,pompey's beloved ,dish1 so highly      
celebrated by old #ae;,cato1            
,pythagoras1 and ,chrysippus the        
,physician 7as the only ,panacea7 is not
 so generally magnify'd by the rest of  
,doctors1 as affording but a crass and  
melancholy ,juice2 yet ,loosening if but
 moderately boil'd1 if over-much1       
,astringent1 according to ,c4 ,celsus2  
and therefore seldom eaten raw1         
excepting by the ,dutch4 ,the ,cymae1 or
 ,sprouts rather of the ,cole are very  
delicate1 so boil'd as to retain their  
,verdure and green ,colour4 ,in raising 
this ,plant great care is to be had of  
the ,seed4 ,the best comes from ,denmark
 and ,russia1 especially the            
,cauly-flower1 7anciently unknown7 or   
from ,aleppo4 ,of the ,french1 the      
,pancaliere a la large ,coste1 the      
white1 large and ponderous are to be    
chosen2 and so the ,cauly-flower3 ,after
 boiling some steep them in ,milk1 and  
seethe them again in ,beef-,broth3 ,of  
old they added a little ,nitre4 ,the    

,broccoli from ,naples1 perhaps the     
,halmyridia of ,pliny 7or ,athenaeus    
rather7 ,capiata marina  florida1 our   
,sea-keele 7the ancient ,crambe7 and    
growing on our ,coast1 are very         
delicate1 as are the ,savoys1 commended 
for being not so rank1 but agreeable to 
most ,palates1 and of better            
,nourishment3 ,in general1 ,cabbages are
 thought to allay ,fumes1 and prevent   
,intoxication3 ,but some will have them 
noxious to the ,sight2 others impute it 
to the ,cauly-flower rather3 ,but whilst
 the ,learned are not agreed about it1  
,theophrastus affirms the contrary1 and 
,pliny commends the ,juice raw1 with a  
little ,honey1 for the moist and weeping
 ,eye1 not the dry or dull4 ,but after  
all1 ,cabbage 7'tis confess'd7 is       
greatly accus'd for lying undigested in 
the ,stomach1 and provoking             
,eructations2 which makes me wonder at  
the ,veneration we read the ,ancients   
had for them1 calling them ,divine1 and 
,swearing1 per ,brassicam4 ',tis scarce 

an hundred ,years since we first had    
,cabbages out of ,holland4 ,sir ,anth4  
,ashley of ,wiburg ,st4 ,giles in       
,dorsetshire1 being 7as ,i am told7 the 
first who planted them in ,england4     
#ab4 ,cardon1 ,see ,artichaux4   #ac4   
,carrots1 ,dauci1 or ,pastinaca ,sativa2
 temperately warm and dry1 ,spicy2 the  
best are yellow1 very nourishing2 let   
them be rais'd in ,ground naturally     
rich1 but not too heavy4   #ad4         
,chervile1 ,chaerophyllum1 ,myrrhis2    
,the sweet aromatick ,spanish ,chervile1
 moderately hot and dry3 ,the tender    
,cimae1 and ,tops1 with other ,herbs1   
are never to be wanting in our ,sallets1
 7as long as they may be had7 being     
exceedingly wholsome and chearing the   
,spirits3 ,the ,roots are also boil'd   
and eaten ,cold2 much commended for     
,aged ,persons3 ,this 7as likewise      
,spinach7 is us'd in ,tarts1 and serves 
alone for divers ,sauces4     ,cibbols4 
,cives4     _/ ,vide ,onions1           
,schoenopraesson4   #ae4 ,clary1        

,horminum1 when tender not to be        
rejected1 and in ,omlets1 made up with  
,cream1 fried in sweet ,butter1 are     
eaten with ,sugar1 ,juice of ,orange1 or
 ,limon4   #af4 ,clavers1 ,aparine2 the 
tender ,winders1 with young             
,nettle-,tops1 are us'd in ,lenten      
,pottages4   #ag4 ,corn-sallet1         
,valerianella2 loos'ning and refreshing3
 ,the ,tops and ,leaves are a ,sallet of
 themselves1 seasonably eaten with other
 ,salleting1 the whole ,winter long1 and
 early ,spring3 ,the ,french call them  
,salad de ,preter1 for their being      
generally eaten in ,lent4   #ah4        
,cowslips1 ,paralysis3 ,see ,flowers4   
#ai4 ,cresses1 ,nasturtium1 ,garden     
,cresses2 to be monthly sown3 ,but above
 all the ,indian1 moderately hot1 and   
aromatick1 quicken the torpent ,spirits1
 and purge the ,brain1 and are of       
singular effect against the ,scorbute4  
,both the tender ,leaves1 ,calices1     
,cappuchin ,capers1 and ,flowers1 are   
laudably mixed with the colder ,plants4 

,the ,buds being ,candy'd1 are likewise 
us'd in ,strewings all ,winter4 ,there  
is the ,nastur4 ,hybernicum commended   
also1 and the vulgar ,water-,cress1     
proper in the ,spring1 all of the same  
,nature1 tho' of different ,degrees1 and
 best for raw and cold ,stomachs1 but   
nourish little4   #bj4 ,cucumber1       
,cucumis2 tho' very cold and moist1 the 
most approved ,sallet alone1 or in      
,composition1 of all the ,vinaigrets1 to
 sharpen the ,appetite1 and cool the    
,liver1 #af;c4 if rightly prepar'd2 that
 is1 by rectifying the vulgar ,mistake  
of altogether extracting the ,juice1 in 
which it should rather be soak'd3 ,nor  
ought it to be over ,oyl'd1 too much    
abating of its grateful ,acidity1 and   
palling the ,taste from a contrariety of
 ,particles3 ,let them therefore be     
pared1 and cut in thin ,slices1 with a  
,clove or two of ,onion to correct the  
,crudity1 macerated in the ,juice1 often
 turn'd and moderately drain'd4 ,others 
prepare them1 by shaking the ,slices    

between two ,dishes1 and dress them with
 very little ,oyl1 well beaten1 and     
mingled with the ,juice of ,limon1      
,orange1 or ,vinegar1 ,salt and ,pepper4
 ,some again1 7and indeed the most      
approv'd7 eat them as soon as they are  
cut1 retaining their ,liquor1 which     
being exhausted 7by the former ,method7 
have nothing remaining in them to help  
the ,concoction4 ,of old they #ag;boil'd
 the ,cucumber1 and paring off the      
,rind1 eat them with ,oyl1 ,vinegar1 and
 ,honey2 ,sugar not being so well known4
 ,lastly1 the ,pulp in ,broth is greatly
 refreshing1 and may be mingl'd in most 
,sallets1 without the least damage1     
contrary to the common ,opinion2 it not 
being long1 since ,cucumber1 however    
dress'd1 was thought fit to be thrown   
away1 being accounted little better than
 ,poyson4 ,tavernier tells us1 that in  
the ,levant1 if a ,child cry for        
something to ,eat1 they give it a raw   
,cucumber instead of ,bread4 ,the young 
ones may be boil'd in ,white-,wine4 ,the

 smaller sort 7known by the name of     
,gerckems7 muriated with the ,seeds of  
,dill1 and the ,mango ,pickle are for   
the ,winter4   #ba4 ,daisy1             
,buphthalmum1 ,ox-,eye1 or              
,bellis-major3 ,the young ,roots are    
frequently eaten by the ,spaniards and  
,italians all the ,spring till ,june4   
#bb4 ,dandelion1 ,dens ,leonis1         
,condrilla3 ,macerated in several       
,waters1 to extract the bitterness2 tho'
 somewhat opening1 is very wholsome1 and
 little inferior to ,succory1 ,endive1  
c4 ,the ,french ,country-,people eat the
 ,roots2 and 'twas with this homely     
,sallet1 the ,good-,wife ,hecate        
entertain'd ,theseus4 ,see ,sowthistle4 
#bc4 ,dock1 ,oxylapathum1 or            
sharp-pointed ,dock3 ,emollient1 and    
tho' otherwise not for our ,sallet1 the 
,roots brewed in ,ale or ,beer1 are     
excellent for the ,scorbute4            
,earth-,nuts1 ,bulbo-,castanum2 7found  
in divers places of ,surry1 near        
,kingston1 and other parts7 the ,rind   

par'd off1 are eaten crude by ,rustics1 
with a little ,pepper2 but are best     
boil'd like other ,roots1 or in ,pottage
 rather1 and are sweet and nourishing4  
#bd4 ,elder1 ,sambucus2 ,the ,flowers   
infus'd in ,vinegar1 grateful both to   
the ,stomach and ,taste2 attenuate thick
 and viscid ,humours2 and tho' the      
,leaves are somewhat rank of ,smell1 and
 so not commendable in ,sallet2 they are
 otherwise 7as indeed is the intire     
,shrub7 of the most sovereign ,vertue2  
and the spring ,buds and tender ,leaves1
 excellently wholsome in ,pottage at    
that ,season of the ,year4 ,see         
,flowers4   #be4 ,endive1 ,endivium1    
,intubum ,sativum2 the largest1 whitest1
 and tenderest ,leaves best boil'd1 and 
less crude4 ,it is naturally ,cold1     
profitable for hot ,stomachs2 ,incisive 
and opening ,obstructions of the ,liver3
 ,the curled is more delicate1 being    
eaten alone1 or in ,composition1 with   
the usual ,intinctus3 ,it is also       
excellent being boil'd2 the middle part 

of the ,blanch'd-,stalk separated1 eats 
firm1 and the ampler ,leaves by many    
perferr'd before ,lettuce4 ,see         
,succory4   ,eschalot4 ,see ,onions4    
#bf4 ,fennel1 ,foeniculum3 ,the sweetest
 of ,bolognia3 ,aromatick1 hot1 and dry2
 expels ,wind1 sharpens the ,sight1 and 
recreates the ,brain2 especially the    
tender ,umbella and ,seed-,pods4 ,the   
,stalks are to be peel'd when young1 and
 then dress'd like ,sellery4 ,the tender
 ,tufts and ,leaves emerging1 being     
minc'd1 are eaten alone with ,vinegar1  
or ,oyl1 and ,pepper1 and to correct the
 colder ,materials1 enter properly into 
,composition4 ,the ,italians eat the    
blanch'd ,stalk 7which they call        
,cartucci7 all ,winter long4 ,there is a
 very small ,green-,worm1 which         
sometimes lodges in the ,stemm of this  
,plant1 which is to be taken out1 as the
 ,red one in that of ,sellery4   #bg4   
,flowers1 ,flores2 chiefly of the       
,aromatick ,esculents and ,plants are   
preferrable1 as generally endow'd with  

the ,vertues of their ,simples1 in a    
more intense degree2 and may therefore  
be eaten alone in their proper          
,vehicles1 or ,composition with other   
,salleting1 sprinkl'd among them2 ,but  
give a more palatable ,relish1 being    
,infus'd in ,vinegar2 ,especially those 
of the ,clove-,gillyflower1 ,elder1     
,orange1 ,cowslip1 ,rosemary1           
,arch-,angel1 ,sage1 ,nasturtium        
,indicum1 c4 ,some of them are ,pickl'd1
 and divers of them make also very      
pleasant and wholsome ,theas1 as do     
likewise the ,wild ,time1 ,bugloss1     
,mint1 c4   #bh4 ,garlick1 ,allium2 dry 
towards ,excess2 and tho' both by       
,spaniards and ,italians1 and the more  
,southern ,people1 familiarly eaten1    
with almost every thing1 and esteem'd of
 such sigular ,vertue to help           
,conception1 and thought a ,charm       
against all ,infection and ,poyson 7by  
which it has obtain'd the ,name of the  
,country-man's ,theriacle7 we yet think 
it more proper for our ,northern        

,rustics1 especially living in          
,uliginous and moist places1 or such as 
use the ,sea3 ,whilst we absolutely     
forbid it entrance into our ,salleting1 
by reason of its intolerable ,rankness1 
and which made it so detested of old2   
that the eating of it was 7as we read7  
part of the ,punishment for such as had 
committed the horrid'st ,crimes4 ,to be 
sure1 'tis not for ,ladies ,palats1 nor 
those who court them1 farther than to   
permit a light touch on the ,dish1 with 
a ,clove thereof1 much better supply'd  
by the gentler ,roccombo4  ,note1 ,that 
in ,spain they sometimes eat it boil'd1 
which taming its fierceness1 turns it   
into ,nourishment1 or rather ,medicine4 
,ginny-,pepper1 ,capsicum4 ,see ,pepper4
   #bi4 ,goats-beard1 ,trago-pogon3 ,the
 ,root is excellent even in ,sallet1 and
 very ,nutritive1 exceeding profitable  
for the ,breast1 and may be stew'd and  
dress'd as ,scorzonera4   #cj4 ,hops1   
,lupulus3 ,hot and moist1 rather        
,medicinal1 than fit for ,sallet2 the   

,buds and young ,tendrels excepted1     
which may be eaten raw2 but more        
conveniently being boil'd1 and cold like
 ,asparagus3 ,they are ,diuretic2       
depurate the ,blood1 and open           
,obstructions4   #ca4 ,hyssop1          
,hyssopus2 ,thymus ,capitatus ,creticus2
 ,majoran1 ,mary-gold1 c4 as all hot1   
spicy ,aromatics1 7commonly growing in  
,kitchin-,gardens7 are of ,faculty to   
,comfort1 and strengthen2 prevalent     
against ,melancoly and ,phlegm2 ,plants1
 like these1 going under the ,names of  
,pot ,herbs1 are much more proper for   
,broths and ,decoctions1 than the tender
 ,sallet3 ,yet the ,tops and ,flowers   
reduc'd to ,powder1 are by some reserv'd
 for ,strewings1 upon the colder        
,ingredients2 communicating no          
ungrateful ,fragrancy4   #cb4           
,jack-by-the-,hedge1 ,alliaria1 or      
,sauce-alone2 has many ,medicinal       
,properties1 and is eaten as other      
,sallets1 especially by ,country        
,people1 growing wild under their ,banks

 and ,hedges4   #cc4 ,leeks1 and        
,cibbols1 ,porrum2 hot1 and of ,vertue  
,prolifick1 since ,latona1 the ,mother  
of ,appolo long'd after them3 ,the      
,welch1 who eat them much1 are observ'd 
to be very fruitful3 ,they are also     
friendly to the ,lungs and ,stomach1    
being sod in ,milk2 a few therefore of  
the slender and green ,summities1 a     
little shred1 do not amiss in           
,composition4 ,see ,onion4   #cd4       
,lettuce1 ,lactuca3 ,tho' by ,metaphor  
call'd #ah,mortuorum ,cibi1 7to say     
nothing of #ai;,adonis and his sad      
,mistriss7 by reason of its             
,soporiferous quality1 ever was1 and    
still continues the principal           
,foundation of the universal ,tribe of  
,sallets2 which is to ,cool and         
,refresh1 besides its other ,properties3
 ,and therefore in such high esteem with
 the ,ancients2 that divers of the      
,valerian ,family1 dignify'd and enobled
 their ,name with that of ,lactucinii4  
,it is indeed of ,nature more cold and  

moist than any of the rest2 yet less    
astringent1 and so harmless that it may 
safely be eaten raw in ,fevers2 for it  
allays ,heat1 bridles ,choler1          
extinguishes ,thirst1 excites ,appetite1
 kindly ,nourishes1 and above all       
represses ,vapours1 conciliates ,sleep1 
mitigates ,pain2 besides the effect it  
has upon the ,morals1 ,temperance and   
,chastity4 ,galen 7whose beloved ,sallet
 it was7 from its pinguid1 subdulcid and
 agreeable ,nature1 says it breeds the  
most laudable ,blood4 ,no marvel then   
that they were by the ,ancients called  
,sana1 by way of eminency1 and so highly
 valu'd by the great #bj;,augustus1 that
 attributing his ,recovery of a         
dangerous ,sickness to them1 'tis       
reported1 he erected a ,statue1 and     
built an ,altar to this noble ,plant4   
,and that the most abstemious and       
excellent ,emperor #ba,tacitus 7spending
 almost nothing at his frugal ,table in 
other ,dainties7 was yet so great a     
,friend to ,lettuce1 that he was us'd to

 say of his ,prodigality1 ,somnum se    
mercari illa sumptus effusione4 ,how it 
was celebrated by ,galen we have heard2 
how he us'd it he tells himself2 namely1
 beginning with ,lettuce in his younger 
,days1 and concluding with it when he   
grew old1 and that to his great         
advantage4 ,in a word1 we meet with     
nothing among all our crude ,materials  
and ,sallet store1 so proper to mingle  
with any of the rest1 nor so wholsome to
 be eaten alone1 or in ,composition1    
moderately1 and with the usual ,oxeloeum
 of ,vinegar1 ,pepper1 and ,oyl1 c4     
which last does not so perfectly agree  
with the ,alphange1 to which the ,juice 
of ,orange1 or ,limon and ,sugar is more
 desirable3 ,aristoxenus is reported to 
have irrigated his ,lettuce-,beds with  
an ,oinomelite1 or mixture of ,wine and 
,honey3 ,and certainly 'tis not for     
nothing that our ,garden-,lovers1 and   
,brothers of the ,sallet1 have been so  
exceedingly ,industrious to cultivate   
this ,noble ,plant1 and multiply its    

,species2 for to name a few in present  
use3 ,we have the ,alphange of          
,montpelier1 crisp and delicate2 the    
,arabic2 ,ambervelleres2 ,belgrade1     
,cabbage1 ,capuchin1 ,coss-,lettuce1    
,curl'd2 the ,genoa 7lasting all the    
,winter7 the ,imperial1 ,lambs1 or      
,agnine1 and ,lobbs or ,lop-,lettuces4  
,the ,french ,minion a dwarf kind3 ,the 
,oak-,leaf1 ,passion1 ,roman1 ,shell1   
and ,silesian1 hard and crimp 7esteemed 
of the best and rarest7 with divers     
more3 ,and here let it be noted1 that   
besides three or four sorts of this     
,plant1 and some few of the rest1 there 
was within our remembrance1 rarely any  
other ,salleting serv'd up to the best  
,tables2 with unblanch'd ,endive1       
,succory1 ,purselan1 7and indeed little 
other variety7 ,sugar and ,vinegar being
 the constant ,vehicles 7without ,oyl7  
but now ,sugar is almost wholly banish'd
 from all1 except the more effeminate   
,palates1 as too much palling1 and      
taking from the grateful ,acid now in   

use1 tho' otherwise not totally to be   
reproved3 ,lettuce boil'd and ,condited 
is sometimes spoken of4   #ce4 ,limon1  
,limonia1 citrea mala2 exceedingly      
refreshing1 ,cordial1 c4 ,the ,pulp     
being blended with the ,juice1 secluding
 the over-sweet or bitter4 ,see ,orange4
   #cf4 ,mallow1 ,malva2 the curl'd1    
emollient1 and friendly to the          
,ventricle1 and so rather ,medicinal2   
yet may the ,tops1 well boil'd1 be      
admitted1 and the rest 7tho' out of use 
at present7 was taken by the ,poets for 
all ,sallets in general4 ,pythagoras    
held ,malvae folium ,sanctisimum2 and we
 find ,epimenides in #bb,plato at his   
,mallows and ,asphodel2 and indeed it   
was of old the first ,dish at ,table3   
,the ,romans had it also in deliciis1   
#bc,malvae salubres corpori1 approved by
 #bd;,galen and #be;,dioscorides2 namely
 the ,garden-,mallow1 by others the     
,wild2 but ,i think both proper rather  
for the ,pot1 than ,sallet4 ,nonius     
supposes the tall ,rosea1 ,arborescent  

,holi-hocks1 that bears the broad       
,flower1 for the best1 and very         
#bf,laxative2 but by reason of their    
clamminess and ,lentor1 banished from   
our ,sallet1 tho' by some commended and 
eaten with ,oyl and ,vinegar1 and some  
with ,butter4   ,mercury1 ,bonus        
,henricus1 ,english ,mercury1 or        
,lapathum ,unctuosum4 ,see ,blitum4     
#cg4 ,melon1 ,melo2 to have been        
reckon'd rather among ,fruits2 and tho' 
an usual ,ingredient in our ,sallet2 yet
 for its transcendent delicacy and      
flavor1 cooling and exhilarating ,nature
 7if sweet1 dry1 weighty1 and well-fed7 
not only superior all the ,gourd-kind1  
but ,paragon with the noblest           
,productions of the ,garden4 ,jos4      
,scaliger and ,casaubon1 think our      
,melon unknown to the ,ancients1 7which 
others contradict7 as yet under the name
 of ,cucumers3 ,but he who reads how    
artificially they were ,cultivated1     
rais'd under ,glasses1 and expos'd to   
the hot ,sun1 7for ,tiberius7 cannot    

well doubt of their being the same with 
ours4  ,there is also a ,winter-,melon1 
large and with black ,seeds1 exceedingly
 ,cooling1 brought us from abroad1 and  
the hotter ,climates1 where they drink  
,water after eating ,melons2 but in the 
colder 7after all dispute7 ,wine is     
judg'd the better3 ,that it has indeed  
by some been accus'd as apt to corrupt  
in the ,stomach 7as do all things else  
eaten in excess7 is not deny'd3 ,but a  
perfect good ,melon is certainly as     
harmless a ,fruit as any whatsoever2 and
 may safely be mingl'd with ,sallet1 in 
,pulp or ,slices1 or more properly eaten
 by it self1 with a little ,salt and    
,pepper2 for a ,melon which requires    
,sugar to commend it1 wants of          
,perfection4 ,note1 ,that this ,fruit   
was very rarely cultivated in ,england1 
so as to bring it to ,maturity1 till    
,sir ,geo4 ,gardner came out of ,spain4 
,i my self remembring1 when an ordinary 
,melon would have been sold for five or 
six ,shillings4 ,the small unripe       

,fruit1 when the others are past1 may be
 ,pickl'd with ,mango1 and are very     
delicate4   #ch4 ,mint1 ,mentha2 the    
,angustifolia ,spicata1 ,spear-,mint2   
dry and warm1 very fragrant1 a little   
press'd1 is friendly to the weak        
,stomach1 and powerful against all      
,nervous ,crudities3 ,the gentler ,tops 
of the ,orange-,mint1 enter well into   
our ,composition1 or are grateful alone 
7as are also the other sorts7 with the  
,juice of ,orange1 and a little ,sugar4 
#ci4 ,mushroms1 ,fungi2 ,by the         
#bg,orator call'd ,terrae1 by ,porphyry 
,deorum filii1 without ,seed 7as        
produc'd by the ,midwifry of ,autumnal  
,thunder-,storms1 portending the        
,mischief they cause7 by the ,french1   
,champignons1 with all the ,species of  
the ,boletus1 c4 for being1 as some     
hold1 neither ,root1 ,herb1 ,flower1 nor
 ,fruit1 nor to be eaten crude2 should  
be therefore banish'd entry into our    
,sallet1 were ,i to order the           
,composition2 however so highly         

contended for by many1 as the very      
principal and top of all the rest2      
whilst ,i think them tolerable only 7at 
least in this ,climate7 if being fresh  
and skilfully chosen1 they are          
accommodated with the nicest ,care and  
,circumspection2 generally reported to  
have something malignant and noxious in 
them3 ,nor without cause2 from the many 
sad ,examples1 frequent ,mischiefs1 and 
funest ,accidents they have produc'd1   
not only to particular ,persons1 but    
whole ,families3 ,exalted indeed they   
were to the second ,course of the       
,caesarian ,tables1 with the noble      
,title ,greek3 ,broma theon1 a ,dainty  
fit for the ,gods alone2 to whom they   
sent the ,emperor #bh;,claudius1 as they
 have many since1 to the other ,world4  
,but he that reads how #bi,seneca       
deplores his lost ,friend1 that brave   
,commander ,annaeus ,serenus1 and       
several other gallant ,persons with him1
 who all of them perish'd at the same   
,repast2 would be apt to ask with the   

#cj,naturalist 7speaking of this        
suspicious ,dainty7 ,quae voluptas tanta
 ancipitis cibi8 and who indeed would   
hazard it8 ,so true is that of the      
,poet2 ,he that eats ,mushroms1 many    
time ,nil amplius edit1 eats no more    
perhaps all his ,life after4 ,what other
 deterring ,epithets are given for our  
,caution1 ,greek3 ,bare pnigoenta       
muketon1 heavy and choaking4 7,athenaeus
 reporting of the ,poet ,euripides's1   
finding a ,woman and her three ,children
 strangl'd by eating of them7 one would 
think sufficient warning4  ,among these 
comes in the ,fungus ,reticularis1 to be
 found about ,london1 as at ,fulham and 
other places2 whilst at no small charge 
we send for them into ,france2 as we    
also do for ,trufles1 ,pig-nuts1 and    
other subterraneous ,tubera1 which in   
,italy they fry in ,oyl1 and eat with   
,pepper3 ,they are commonly discovered  
by a ,nasute ,swine purposely brought   
up2 being of a ,chessnut ,colour1 and   
heady ,smell1 and not seldom found in   

,england1 particularly in a ,park of my 
,lord ,cotton's at ,rushton or ,rusbery 
in ,northampton-shire1 and doubtless in 
other #caplaces too were they sought    
after4 ,how these rank and provocative  
,excrescences are to be #cbtreated 7of  
themselves insipid enough1 and only     
famous for their kindly taking any      
,pickle or ,conditure7 that they may do 
the less ,mischief we might here set    
down4 ,but since there be so many ways  
of ,dressing them1 that ,i can incourage
 none to use them1 for ,reasons given   
7besides that they do not at all concern
 our safer and innocent ,sallet         
,furniture7 ,i forbear it2 and referr   
those who long after this beloved       
,ragout1 and other ,voluptuaria ,venena 
7as ,seneca calls them7 to what our     
,learned ,dr4 ,lyster#cc says of the    
many ,venomous ,insects harbouring and  
corrupting in a new found-out ,species  
of ,mushroms had lately in deliciis4    
,those1 in the mean time1 which are     
esteemed best1 and less pernicious1 7of 

which see the ,appendix7 are such as    
rise in rich1 airy1 and dry             
#cd,pasture-,grounds2 growing on the    
,staff or ,pedicule of about an ,inch   
thick and high2 moderately ,swelling    
7,target-like7 round and firm1 being    
underneath of a pale saffronish hue1    
curiously radiated in parallel ,lines   
and ,edges1 which becoming either       
,yellow1 ,orange1 or ,black1 are to be  
rejected3 ,but besides what the         
,harvest-,months produce1 they are      
likewise rais'd #ce;,artificially2 as at
 ,naples in their ,wine-,cellars1 upon  
an heap of rank ,earth1 heaped upon a   
certain supposed ,stone1 but in truth1  
7as the curious and noble #cf,peiresky  
tells us1 he found to be7 nothing but an
 heap of old ,fungus's1 reduc'd and     
compacted to a stony hardness1 upon     
which they lay ,earth1 and sprinkle it  
with warm ,water1 in which ,mushroms    
have been steeped4 ,and in ,france1 by  
making an hot ,bed of ,asses-,dung1 and 
when the heat is in ,temper1 watering it

 7as above7 well impregnated with the   
,parings and ,offals of refuse          
,fungus's2 and such a ,bed will last two
 or three ,years1 and sometimes our     
common ,melon-,beds afford them1 besides
 other ,experiments4   #dj4 ,mustard1   
,sinapi2 exceeding hot and mordicant1   
not only in the ,seed but ,leaf also2   
especially in ,seedling young ,plants1  
like those of ,radishes 7newly peeping  
out of the ,bed7 is of incomparable     
effect to quicken and revive the        
,spirits2 strengthening the ,memory1    
expelling heaviness1 preventing the     
,vertiginous ,palsie1 and is a laudable 
,cephalick4 ,besides it is an approv'd  
,antiscorbutick2 aids ,concoction1 cuts 
and dissipates ,phlegmatick ,humours4   
,in short1 'tis the most noble ,embamma1
 and so necessary an ,ingredient to all 
cold and raw ,salleting1 that it is very
 rarely1 if at all1 to be left out4 ,in 
,italy in making ,mustard1 they mingle  
,limon and ,orange-,peel1 with the      
,seeds4 ,how the best is made1 see      

hereafter4   ,nasturtium ,indicum4 ,see 
,cresses4   #da4 ,nettles1 ,urtica2     
,hot1 dry1 ,diuretic1 ,solvent2 purifies
 the ,blood3 ,the ,buds1 and very tender
 ,cimae1 a little bruised1 are by some  
eaten raw1 by others boil'd1 especially 
in ,spring-,pottage1 with other ,herbs4 
#db4 ,onion1 ,cepa1 ,porrum2 the best   
are such as are brought us out of       
,spain1 whence they of ,st4 ,omers had  
them1 and some that have weigh'd eight  
,pounds4 ,choose therefore the large1   
round1 white1 and thin ,skin'd4 ,being  
eaten crude and alone with ,oyl1        
,vinegar1 and ,pepper1 we own them in   
,sallet1 not so hot as ,garlick1 nor at 
all so rank3 ,boil'd1 they give a kindly
 relish2 raise ,appetite1 corroborate   
the ,stomach1 cut ,phlegm1 and profit   
the ,asthmatical3 ,but eaten in excess1 
are said to offend the ,head and ,eyes1 
unless ,edulcorated with a gentle       
maceration4 ,in the mean time1 as to    
their being noxious to the ,sight1 is   
imputable only to the ,vapour rising    

from the raw ,onion1 when peeled1 which 
some commend for its purging and        
quickning that ,sense4 ,how they are    
us'd in ,pottage1 boil'd in ,milk1      
stew'd1 c4 concerns the ,kitchin4 ,in   
our cold ,sallet we supply them with the
 ,porrum ,sectile1 ,tops of ,leeks1 and 
,eschalots 7,ascalonia7 of gust more    
exalted1 yet not to the degree of       
,garlick4 ,or 7by what of later use is  
much preferr'd7 with a ,seed or two of  
,raccombo1 of a yet milder and delicate 
nature1 which by rubbing the ,dish only1
 imparts its ,vertue agreeably enough4  
,in ,italy they frequently make a       
,sallet of ,scalions1 ,cives1 and       
,chibbols only season'd with ,oyl and   
,pepper2 and an honest laborious        
,country-man1 with good ,bread1 ,salt1  
and a little ,parsley1 will make a      
contented ,meal with a roasted ,onion4  
,how this noble ,bulb was deified in    
#cg;,egypt we are told1 and that whilst 
they were building the ,pyramids1 there 
was spent in this ,root #ch,ninety ,tun 

of ,gold among the ,workmen4 ,so        
lushious and tempting it seems they     
were1 that as whole ,nations have       
subsisted on them alone2 so the         
,israelites were ready to return to     
,slavery and ,brick-making for the love 
of them4 ,indeed ,hecamedes we find     
presents them to ,patroclus1 in ,homer1 
as a ,regalo2 ,but certainly we are     
either mistaken in the ,species 7which  
some will have to be ,melons7 or use    
,poetick ,licence1 when we so highly    
magnify them4   #dc4 ,orach1 ,atriplex3 
,is cooling1 allays the ,pituit ,humor3 
,being set over the ,fire1 neither this1
 nor ,lettuce1 needs any other ,water   
than their own moisture to boil them in1
 without ,expression3 ,the tender       
,leaves are mingl'd with other cold     
,salleting2 but 'tis better in ,pottage4
 ,see ,blitum4   #dd4 ,orange1 ,arantiae
 7,malum aureum7 ,moderately dry1       
cooling1 and incisive2 sharpens         
,appetite1 exceedingly refreshes and    
resists ,putrefaction3 ,we speak of the 

,sub acid2 the sweet and bitter ,orange 
being of no use in our ,sallet4 ,the    
,limon is somewhat more acute1 cooling  
and extinguishing ,thirst2 of all the   
,greek3 ,oxubapha the best succedaneum  
to ,vinegar4 ,the very ,spoils and      
,rinds of ,orange and ,limon being shred
 and sprinkl'd among the other ,herbs1  
correct the ,acrimony4 ,but they are the
 tender ,seedlings from the ,hot-,bed1  
which impart an ,aromatic exceedingly   
grateful to the ,stomach4 ,vide ,limon4 
#de4 ,parsnep1 ,pastinaca1 ,carrot3     
first boil'd1 being cold1 is of it self 
a ,winter-,sallet1 eaten with ,oyl1     
,vinegar1 c4 and having something of    
,spicy1 is by some1 thought more        
nourishing than the ,turnep4   #df4     
,pease1 ,pisum3 the ,pod of the         
,sugar-,pease1 when first beginning to  
appear1 with the ,husk and ,tendrels1   
affording a pretty ,acid1 enter into the
 ,composition1 as do those of ,hops and 
the ,vine4   #dg4 ,peper1 ,piper1 hot   
and dry in a high degree2 of approv'd   

,vertue against all flatulency          
proceeding from cold and phlegmatic     
,constitutions1 and generally all       
,crudities whatsoever2 and therefore for
 being of universal use to correct and  
temper the cooler ,herbs1 and such as   
abound in moisture2 ,it is a never to be
 omitted ,ingredient of our ,sallets2   
provided it be not too minutely beaten  
7as oft we find it7 to an almost        
impalpable ,dust1 which is very         
pernicious and frequently adheres and   
sticks in the folds of the ,stomach1    
where1 instead of promoting ,concoction1
 it often causes a ,cardialgium1 and    
fires the ,blood3 ,it should therefore  
be grosly contus'd only4  ,indian       
,capsicum1 superlatively hot and        
burning1 is yet by the ,africans eaten  
with ,salt and ,vinegar by it self1 as  
an usual ,condiment2 but wou'd be of    
dangerous consequence with us2 being so 
much more of an acrimonious and terribly
 biting quality1 which by ,art and      
,mixture is notwithstanding render'd not

 only safe1 but very agreeable in our   
,sallet4  ,take the ,pods1 and dry them 
well in a ,pan2 and when they are become
 sufficiently hard1 cut them into small 
pieces1 and stamp 'em in a ,mortar to   
dust3 ,to each ,ounce of which add a    
,pound of ,wheat-flour1 fermented with a
 little ,levain3 ,kneed and make them   
into ,cakes or ,loaves cut long-wise1 in
 shape of ,naples-,biscuit4 ,these      
,re-bake a second time1 till they are   
,stone-hard3 ,pound them again as       
before1 and ferce it through a fine     
,sieve1 for a very proper ,seasoning1   
instead of vulgar ,peper4 ,the          
,mordicancy thus allay'd1 be sure to    
make the ,mortar very clean1 after      
having beaten ,indian ,capsicum1 before 
you stamp any thing in it else4 ,the    
green ,husks1 or first peeping ,buds of 
the ,walnut-,tree1 dry'd to ,powder1    
serve for ,peper in some places1 and so 
do ,myrtle-berries4   #dh4 ,persley1    
,petroselinum1 or ,apium hortense2 being
 hot and dry1 opens ,obstructions1 is   

very ,diuretic1 yet nourishing1         
edulcorated in shifted warm ,water 7the 
,roots especially7 but of less ,vertue  
than ,alexanders2 nor so convenient in  
our crude ,sallet1 as when decocted on a
 ,medicinal ,account4 ,some few tops of 
the tender ,leaves may yet be admitted2 
tho' it was of old1 we read1 never      
brought to the ,table at all1 as sacred 
to ,oblivium and the ,defunct4 ,in the  
mean time1 there being nothing more     
proper for ,stuffing1 7,farces7 and     
other ,sauces1 we consign it to the     
,olitories4 ,note1 that ,persley is not 
so hurtful to the ,eyes as is reported4 
,see ,sellery4   #di4 ,pimpernel1       
,pimpinella2 eaten by the ,french and   
,italians1 is our common ,burnet2 of so 
chearing and exhilarating a quality1 and
 so generally commended1 as 7giving it  
admittance into all ,sallets7 'tis      
pass'd into a ,proverb3    ,l',insalata 
non e buon1 ne bella   ,ove non e la    
,pimpinella4   ,but a fresh sprig in    
,wine1 recommends it to us as its most  

genuine ,element4   #ej4 ,purslain1     
,portulaca2 especially the ,golden      
whilst tender1 next the ,seed-leaves1   
with the young ,stalks1 being eminently 
moist and cooling1 quickens ,appetite1  
asswages ,thirst1 and is very profitable
 for hot and ,bilious ,tempers1 as well 
as ,sanguine1 and generally entertain'd 
in all our ,sallets1 mingled with the   
hotter ,herbs3 ,tis likewise familiarly 
eaten alone with ,oyl and ,vinegar2 but 
with moderation1 as having been         
sometimes found to corrupt in the       
,stomach1 which being ,pickl'd 'tis not 
so apt to do4 ,some eat it cold1 after  
it has been boil'd1 which ,dr4 ,muffet  
would have in ,wine1 for ,nourishment4  
,the ,shrub ,halimus1 is a sort of      
,sea-,purslain3 ,the newly peeping      
,leaves 7tho' rarely us'd7 afford a no  
unpleasant ,acidule1 even during winter1
 if it prove not too severe4  ,purslain 
is accus'd for being hurtful to the     
,teeth1 if too much eaten4   #ea4       
,radish1 ,raphanus4 ,albeit rather      

,medicinal1 than so commendably         
accompanying our ,sallets 7wherein they 
often slice the larger ,roots7 are much 
inferior to the young ,seedling ,leaves 
and ,roots2 raised on the #ci,monthly   
,hot-,bed1 almost the whole ,year round1
 affording a very grateful mordacity1   
and sufficiently attempers the cooler   
,ingredients3 ,the bigger ,roots 7so    
much desir'd7 should be such as being   
transparent1 eat short and quick1       
without stringiness1 and not too biting4
 ,these are eaten alone with ,salt only1
 as carrying their ,peper in them2 and  
were indeed by ,dioscorides and ,pliny  
celebrated above all ,roots whatsoever2 
insomuch as in the ,delphic ,temple1    
there was ,raphanus ex auro dicatus1 a  
,radish of solid ,gold2 and 'tis said of
 ,moschius1 that he wrote a whole       
,volume in their praise4                
,notwithstanding all which1 ,i am sure1 
the great #dj;,hippocrates utterly      
condemns them1 as ,vitiosoe1 innatantes 
ac aegre concoctiles4 ,and the          

,naturalist calls it ,cibus             
,illiberalis1 fitter for ,rustics than  
,gentlemens ,tables4 ,and indeed        
7besides that they decay the ,teeth7    
experience tells us1 that as the ,prince
 of ,physicians writes1 ,it is hard of  
,digestion1 ,inimicous to the ,stomach1 
causing nauseous ,eructations1 and      
sometimes ,vomiting1 tho' otherwise     
,diuretic1 and thought to repel the     
,vapours of ,wine1 when the ,wits were  
at their genial ,club4 ,dioscorides and 
#da;,galen differ about their ,eating2  
,one prescribes it before ,meals1 the   
latter for after4 ,some macerate the    
young ,roots in warm milk1 to render    
them more ,nourishing4  ,there is a     
,raphanus rusticanus1 the ,spanish black
 ,horse ,radish1 of a hotter quality1   
and not so friendly to the ,head2 but a 
notable ,antiscorbutic1 which may be    
eaten all the ,winter1 and on that      
account an excellent ,ingredient in the 
,composition of ,mustard2 as are also   
the thin ,shavings1 mingled with our    

cold ,herbs4 ,and now before ,i have    
done with this ,root1 for an excellent  
and universal ,condiment4 ,take         
,horse-,radish1 whilst newly drawn out  
of the ,earth1 otherwise laid to steep  
in ,water a competent time2 then grate  
it on a ,grater which has no bottom1    
that so it may pass thro'1 like a       
,mucilage1 into a ,dish of ,earthen     
,ware3 ,this temper'd with ,vinegar1 in 
which a little ,sugar has been          
dissolv'd1 you have a ,sauce supplying  
,mustard to the ,sallet1 and serving    
likewise for any ,dish besides4   #eb4  
,rampion1 ,rapunculus1 or the ,esculent 
,campanula3 ,the tender ,roots eaten in 
the ,spring1 like those of ,radishes1   
but much more ,nourishing4   #ec4       
,rocket1 ,eruca ,spanish2 hot and dry1  
to be qualified with ,lettuce1          
,purcelain1 and the rest1 c4 ,see       
,tarragon4   ,roccombo4 ,see ,onions4   
#ed4 ,rosemary1 ,rosmarinus2 ,soverainly
 ,cephalic1 and for the ,memory1 ,sight1
 and ,nerves1 incomparable3 ,and tho'   

not us'd in the ,leaf with our ,sallet  
furniture1 yet the ,flowers1 a little   
bitter1 are always welcome in ,vinegar2 
but above all1 a fresh ,sprig or two in 
a ,glass of ,wine4 ,see ,flowers4   #ee4
 ,sage1 ,salvia2 hot and dry4 ,the tops 
of the ,red1 well pick'd and wash'd     
7being often defil'd with ,venomous     
,slime1 and almost imperceptible        
,insects7 with the ,flowers1 retain all 
the noble ,properties of the other hot  
,plants2 more especially for the ,head1 
,memory1 ,eyes1 and all ,paralytical    
,affections4 ,in short1 'tis a ,plant   
endu'd with so many and wonderful       
,properties1 as that the assiduous use  
of it is said to render ,men ,immortal3 
,we cannot therefore but allow the      
tender ,summities of the young ,leaves2 
but principally the ,flowers in our cold
 ,sallet2 yet so as not to domineer4    
,salsifax1 ,scorzonera4 ,see            
,vipergrass4   #ef4 ,sampier1 ,crithmum3
 ,that growing on the ,sea-,cliffs 7as  
about ,dover1 c47 not only ,pickl'd1 but

 crude and cold1 when young and tender  
7and such as we may ,cultivate1 and have
 in our ,kitchin-,gardens1 almost the   
,year round7 is in my ,opinion1 for its 
,aromatic1 and other excellent ,vertues 
and ,effects against the ,spleen1       
,cleansing the ,passages1 sharpning     
,appetite1 c4 so far preferrable to most
 of our hotter ,herbs1 and              
,sallet-,ingredients1 that ,i have long 
wonder'd1 it has not been long since    
propagated in the ,potagere1 as it is in
 ,france2 from whence ,i have often     
receiv'd the ,seeds1 which have         
prosper'd better1 and more kindly with  
me1 than what comes from our own        
,coasts3 ,it does not indeed ,pickle so 
well1 as being of a more tender ,stalk  
and ,leaf3 ,but in all other respects   
for composing ,sallets1 it has nothing  
like it4   #eg4 ,scalions1 ,ascalonia1  
,cepae2 ,the ,french call them          
,appetites1 which it notably quickens   
and stirs up3 ,corrects ,crudities1 and 
promotes ,concoction4 ,the ,italians    

steep them in ,water1 mince1 and eat    
them cold with ,oyl1 ,vinegar1 ,salt1 c4
   #eh4 ,scurvy-grass1 ,cochlearia1 of  
the ,garden1 but especially that of the 
,sea1 is sharp1 biting1 and hot2 of     
,nature like ,nasturtium1 prevalent in  
the ,scorbute4 ,a few of the tender     
,leaves may be admitted in our          
,composition4 ,see ,nasturtium ,indicum4
   #ei4 ,sellery1 ,apium ,italicum1 7and
 of the ,petroseline ,family7 was       
formerly a stranger with us 7nor very   
long since in ,italy7 is an hot and more
 generous sort of ,macedonian ,persley1 
or ,smallage4 ,the tender ,leaves of the
 ,blancht ,stalk do well in our ,sallet1
 as likewise the slices of the whiten'd 
,stems1 which being crimp and short1    
first peel'd and slit long wise1 are    
eaten with ,oyl1 ,vinegar1 ,salt1 and   
,peper2 and for its high and grateful   
,taste1 is ever plac'd in the middle of 
the ,grand ,sallet1 at our ,great ,mens 
,tables1 and ,praetors ,feasts1 as the  
,grace of the whole ,board4 ,caution is 

to be given of a small red ,worm1 often 
lurking in these ,stalks1 as does the   
green in ,fennil4   ,shallots4 ,see     
,onion4   #fj4 ,skirrets1 ,sisarum2 hot 
and moist1 corroborating1 and good for  
the ,stomach1 exceedingly nourishing1   
wholsome and delicate2 of all the       
,root-kind1 not subject to be ,windy1   
and so valued by the ,emperor ,tiberius1
 that he accepted them for ,tribute4    
,this excellent ,root is seldom eaten   
raw2 but being boil'd1 stew'd1 roasted  
under the ,embers1 bak'd in ,pies1      
whole1 sliced1 or in pulp1 is very      
acceptable to all ,palates4 ',tis       
reported they were heretofore something 
bitter2 ,see what ,culture and          
,education effects6   #fa4 ,sorrel1     
,acetosa3 of which there are divers     
kinds4 ,the ,french ,acetocella1 with   
the round ,leaf1 growing plentifully in 
the ,north of ,england2 ,roman ,oxalis2 
the broad ,german1 c4 but the best is of
 ,green-,land3 by nature cold1          
,abstersive1 ,acid1 sharpning ,appetite1

 asswages ,heat1 cools the ,liver1      
strengthens the ,heart2 is an           
,antiscorbutic1 resisting ,putrefaction1
 and imparting so grateful a quickness  
to the rest1 as supplies the want of    
,orange1 ,limon1 and other ,omphacia1   
and therefore never to be excluded4     
,vide ,wood-,sorrel4   #fb4             
,sow-thistle1 ,sonchus2 of the          
,intybus-kind4 ,galen was us'd to eat it
 as ,lettuce2 exceedingly welcome to the
 late ,morocco4 ,ambassador and his     
,retinue4   #fc4 ,sparagus1 ,asparagus  
7ab ,asperitate7 temperately hot1 and   
moist2 ,cordial1 ,diuretic1 easie of    
,digestion1 and next to ,flesh1 nothing 
more nourishing1 as ,sim4 ,sethius1 an  
excellent ,physician holds4 ,they are   
sometimes1 but very seldom1 eaten raw   
with ,oyl1 and ,vinegar2 but with more  
delicacy 7the bitterness first          
exhausted7 being so speedily boil'd1 as 
not to lose the verdure and agreeable   
tenderness2 which is done by letting the
 ,water boil1 before you put them in4 ,i

 do not esteem the ,dutch great and     
larger sort 7especially rais'd by the   
rankness of the ,beds7 so sweet and     
agreeable1 as those of a moderate size4 
#fd4 ,spinach1 ,spinachia3 of old not   
us'd in ,sallets1 and the oftner kept   
out the better2 ,i speak of the crude3  
,but being boil'd to a ,pult1 and       
without other ,water than its own       
moisture1 is a most excellent ,condiment
 with ,butter1 ,vinegar1 or ,limon1 for 
almost all sorts of boil'd ,flesh1 and  
may accompany a ,sick ,man's ,diet4     
',tis ,laxative and ,emollient1 and     
therefore profitable for the ,aged1 and 
7tho' by original a ,spaniard7 may be   
had at almost any ,season1 and in all   
places4   ,stone-,crop1 ,sedum ,minus4  
,see ,trick-,madame4   #fe4 ,succory1   
,cichorium1 an ,intube2 erratic and     
wild1 with a narrow dark ,leaf1         
different from the ,sative1 tho'        
probably by culture only2 and for being 
very bitter1 a little edulcorated with  
,sugar and ,vinegar1 is by some eaten in

 the ,summer1 and more grateful to the  
,stomach than the ,palate4 ,see ,endive4
   #ff4 ,tansy1 ,tanacetum2 hot and     
cleansing2 but in regard of its         
domineering relish1 sparingly mixt with 
our cold ,sallet1 and much fitter 7tho' 
in very small quantity7 for the ,pan1   
being qualified with the ,juices of     
other fresh ,herbs1 ,spinach1 ,green    
,corn1 ,violet1 ,primrose-,leaves1 c4 at
 entrance of the ,spring1 and then fried
 brownish1 is eaten hot with the ,juice 
of ,orange and ,sugar1 as one of the    
most agreeable of all the boil'd        
,herbaceous ,dishes4   #fg4 ,tarragon1  
,draco ,herba1 of ,spanish ,extraction2 
hot and spicy3 ,the ,tops and young     
,shoots1 like those of ,rochet1 never to
 be secluded our ,composition1          
especially where there is much ,lettuce4
 ',tis highly cordial and friendly to   
the ,head1 ,heart1 ,liver1 correcting   
the weakness of the ,ventricle1 c4      
#fh4 ,thistle1 ,carduus ,mariae2 our    
,lady's milky or dappl'd ,thistle1      

disarm'd of its ,prickles1 is worth     
esteem3 ,the young ,stalk about ,may1   
being peel'd and soak'd in ,water1 to   
extract the bitterness1 boil'd or raw1  
is a very wholsome ,sallet1 eaten with  
,oyl1 ,salt1 and ,peper2 some eat them  
sodden in proper ,broath1 or bak'd in   
,pies1 like the ,artichoak2 but the     
tender ,stalk boil'd or fry'd1 some     
preferr2 both ,nourishing and           
,restorative4   #fi4 ,trick-,madame1    
,sedum minus1 ,stone-,crop2 is cooling  
and moist1 grateful to the ,stomach4    
,the ,cimata and ,tops1 when young and  
tender1 dress'd as ,purselane1 is a     
frequent ,ingredient in our cold        
,sallet4   #gj4 ,turnep1 ,rapum2        
moderately hot and moist3 ,napus2 the   
long ,navet is certainly the most       
delicate of them1 and best ,nourishing4 
,pliny speaks of no fewer than six      
sorts1 and of several ,colours2 some of 
which were suspected to be artificially 
tinged4 ,but with us1 the yellow is     
preferr'd2 by others the red ,bohemian4 

,but of whatever kind1 being sown upon  
the ,hot-bed1 and no bigger than        
seedling ,radish1 they do excellently in
 ,composition2 as do also the ,stalks of
 the common ,turnep1 when first         
beginning to ,bud4  ,and here should not
 be forgotten1 that wholsome1 as well as
 agreeable sort of ,bread1 we are       
#dbtaught to make2 and of which we have 
eaten at the greatest ,persons ,tables1 
hardly to be distinguish'd from the best
 of ,wheat4  ,let the ,turneps first be 
peel'd1 and boil'd in ,water till soft  
and tender2 then strongly pressing out  
the ,juice1 mix them together1 and when 
dry 7beaten or pounded very fine7 with  
their weight of ,wheat-,meal1 season it 
as you do other ,bread1 and knead it up2
 then letting the ,dough remain a little
 to ferment1 fashion the ,paste into    
,loaves1 and bake it like common ,bread4
  ,some roast ,turneps in a ,paper under
 the ,embers1 and eat them with ,sugar  
and ,butter4   #ga4 ,vine1 ,vitis1 the  
,capreols1 ,tendrels1 and ,claspers     

7like those of the ,hop1 c47 whilst very
 young1 have an agreeable ,acid1 which  
may be eaten alone1 or with other       
,sallet4   #gb4 ,viper-grass1           
,tragopogon1 ,scorzonera1 ,salsifex1 c4 
tho' ,medicinal1 and excellent against  
the ,palpitation of the ,heart1         
,faintings1 ,obstruction of the ,bowels1
 c4 are besides a very sweet and        
pleasant ,sallet2 being laid to soak out
 the bitterness1 then peel'd1 may be    
eaten raw1 or ,condited2 but best of all
 stew'd with ,marrow1 ,spice1 ,wine1 c4 
as ,artichoak1 ,skirrets1 c4 sliced or  
whole4 ,they likewise may bake1 fry1 or 
boil them2 a more excellent ,root there 
is hardly growing4   #gc4 ,wood-,sorrel1
 ,trifolium acetosum1 or ,alleluja1 of  
the nature of other ,sorrels4   ,to all 
which might we add sundry more1 formerly
 had in deliciis1 since grown obsolete  
or quite neglected with us3 ,as among   
the noblest ,bulbs1 that of the ,tulip2 
a ,root of which has been valued not to 
eat1 but for the ,flower 7and yet eaten 

by mistake7 at more than an hundred     
,pounds4 ,the young fresh ,bulbs are    
sweet and high of taste4  ,the ,asphodil
 or ,daffodil2 a ,sallet so rare in     
,hesiod's ,days1 that ,lobel thinks it  
the ,parsnep1 tho' not at all like it2  
however it was 7with the ,mallow7 taken 
anciently for any ,edule-,root4  ,the   
,ornithogalons roasted1 as they do      
,chestnuts1 are eaten by the ,italians1 
the wild yellow especially1 with ,oyl1  
,vinegar1 and ,peper4 ,and so the small 
tuberous ,roots of ,gramen ,amygdalosum2
 which they also roast1 and make an     
,emulsion of1 to use in ,broaths as a   
great ,restorative4 ,the ,oxylapathum1  
us'd of old2 in the time of ,galen was  
eaten frequently4 ,as also ,dracontium1 
with the ,mordicant ,arum ,theophrasti1 
which ,dodonaeus teaches how to ,dress4 
,nay1 divers of the ,satyrions1 which   
some condited with ,sugar1 others boil'd
 in ,milk for a great ,nourisher1 now   
discarded4 ,but what think we of the    
,cicuta1 which there are who reckon     

among ,sallet ,herbs8 ,but whatever it  
is in any other ,country1 'tis certainly
 ,mortiferous in ours4 ,to these add the
 ,viola ,matronalis1 ,radix ,lunaria1 c4
 nay1 the ,green ,poppy1 by most        
accounted among the deadly ,poysons3    
,how cautious then ought our            
,sallet-,gatherers to be1 in reading    
ancient ,authors2 lest they happen to be
 impos'd on1 where they treat of        
,plants1 that are familiarly eaten in   
other ,countries1 and among other       
,nations and ,people of more robust and 
strong constitutions8 bessides the      
hazard of being mistaken in the ,names  
of divers ,simples1 not as yet fully    
agreed upon among the ,learned in       
,botany4  ,there are bessides several   
remaining1 which tho' ,abdicated here   
with us1 find ,entertainment still in   
,foreign ,countries3 ,as the large      
,heliotrope and ,sun-flower 7e're it    
comes to expand1 and shew its golden    
,face7 which being dress'd as the       
,artichoak1 is eaten for a dainty4 ,this

 ,i add as a new ,discovery4 ,i once    
made ,macaroons with the ripe blanch'd  
,seeds1 but the ,turpentine did so      
domineer over all1 that it did not      
answer expectation4 ,the ,radix         
,personata mounting with their young    
,heads1 ,lysimachia siliquosa glabra    
minor1 when fresh and tender1 begins to 
come into the ,sallet-,tribe4 ,the pale 
whiter ,popy1 is eaten by the ,genouese4
 ,by the ,spaniards1 the tops of        
,wormwood with ,oyl alone1 and without  
so much as ,bread2 profitable indeed to 
the ,stomach1 but offensive to the      
,head2 ,as is also ,coriander and ,rue1 
which ,galen was accustom'd to eat raw1 
and by it self1 with ,oyl and ,salt1 as 
exceedingly grateful1 as well as        
wholsome1 and of great vertue against   
,infection4 ,pliny1 ,i remember1 reports
 it to be of such effect for the        
,preservation of ,sight2 that the       
,painters of his ,time1 us'd to devour a
 great quantity of it4 ,and it is still 
by the ,italians frequently mingled     

among their ,sallets4 ,the ,lapatha     
,personata 7common ,burdock7 comes now  
and then to the best ,tables1 about     
,april1 and when young1 before the      
,burrs and ,clots appear1 being strip'd1
 and the bitterness soaked out1 treated 
as the ,chardoon1 is eaten in           
,poiverade2 ,some also boil them4 ,more 
might here be reckon'd up1 but these may
 suffice2 since as we find some are left
 off1 and gone out1 so others be        
introduc'd and come in their room1 and  
that in much greater ,plenty and        
,variety1 than was ever known by our    
,ancestors4 ,the ,cucumber it self1 now 
so universally eaten1 being accounted   
little better than ,poyson1 even within 
our ,memory1 as already noted4  ,to     
conclude1 and after all that has been   
said of ,plants and ,salleting1 formerly
 in great esteem1 7but since obsolete   
and quite rejected72 ,what if the       
exalted ,juice of the ancient ,silphium 
should come in1 and challenge the       
,precedency8 ,it is a #dc,plant formerly

 so highly priz'd1 and rare for the     
richness of its ,taste and other        
,vertues2 that as it was dedicated to   
,apollo1 and hung up in his ,temple at  
,delphi2 ,so we read of one single ,root
 brought to the ,emperor ,nero for an   
extraordinary ,present2 and the ,drug so
 esteem'd1 that the ,romans had long    
before amass'd a quantity of it1 and    
kept it in the ,treasury1 till ,julius  
,caesar rob'd it1 and took this away1 as
 a thing of mighty value3 ,in a word1 it
 was of that ,account2 that as a sacred 
,plant1 those of the ,cyrenaic ,africa1 
honour'd the very ,figure of it1 by     
stamping it on the ,reverse of their    
#dd;,coin2 and when they would commend a
 thing for its worth to the ,skies1     
,greek3 ,bat-ou silphion1 grew into a   
,proverb3 ,battus having been the       
,founder of the ,city ,cyrene1 near     
which it only grew4 ',tis indeed        
contested among the ,learned            
,botanosophists1 whether this ,plant was
 not the same with ,laserpitium1 and the

 ,laser it yields1 the odoriferous      
#de;,benzoin8 ,but doubtless had we the 
true and genuine ,silphium 7for it      
appears to have been often              
sophisticated1 and a spurious sort      
brought into ,italy7 it would soon      
recover its pristine ,reputation1 and   
that it was not celebrated so for       
nothing extraordinary2 since bessides   
its ,medicinal ,vertue2 it was a        
wonderful ,corroborater of the ,stomach1
 a ,restorer of lost ,appetite1 and     
,masculine ,vigour1 c4 and that they    
made use of it almost in every thing    
they eat4  ,but should we now really    
tell the ,world1 that this precious     
,juice is1 by many1 thought to be no    
other than the #df;,faetid ,assa our    
nicer ,sallet-,eaters 7who yet bestow as
 odious an ,epithet on the vulgar       
,garlick7 would cry out upon it as      
intolerable1 and perhaps hardly believe 
it3 ,but as ,aristophanes has brought it
 in1 and sufficiently describ'd it2 so  
the ,scholiast upon the place1 puts it  

out of ,controversy3 ,and that they made
 use both of the ,leaves1 ,stalk1 7and  
,extract especially7 as we now do       
,garlick1 and other ,hautgouts as       
nauseous altogether4 ,in the mean time1 
,garcius1 ,bontius1 and others1 assure  
us1 that the ,indians at this day       
universally sauce their ,viands with it2
 and the ,bramins 7who eat no ,flesh at 
all7 inrich their ,sallets1 by          
constantly rubbing the ,dishes with it4 
,nor are some of our own skilful ,cooks 
,ingnorant1 how to condite and use it1  
with the ,applause of those1 who1       
ignorant of the ,secret1 have admir'd   
the richness of the ,gust it has        
imparted1 when it has been substituted  
instead of all our ,cipollati1 and other
 seasonings of that ,nature4  ,and thus 
have we done with the various ,species  
of all such ,esculents as may properly  
enter the ,composition of our ,acetaria1
 and cold ,sallet4 ,and if ,i have      
briefly touch'd upon their ,natures1    
,degrees1 and primary ,qualities1 which 

,intend or ,remit1 as to the ,scale of  
,heat1 ,cold1 ,driness1 ,moisture1 c4   
7which is to be understood according to 
the different ,texture of their         
component ,particles7 it has not been   
without what ,i thought necessary for   
the ,instruction of the ,gatherer1 and  
,sallet-,dresser2 how he ought to       
choose1 sort1 and mingle his ,materials 
and ,ingredients together4  ,what ,care 
and ,circumspection should attend the   
choice and collection of ,sallet ,herbs1
 has been partly shew'd4 ,i can         
therefore1 by no means1 approve of that 
extravagant ,fancy of some1 who tell us1
 that a ,fool is as fit to be the       
,gatherer of a ,sallet as a ,wiser ,man4
 ,because1 say they1 one can hardly     
choose amiss1 provided the ,plants be   
green1 young1 and tender1 where-ever    
they meet with them3 ,but sad experience
 shews1 how many fatal ,mistakes have   
been committed by those who took the    
deadly ,cicutae1 ,hemlocks1 ,aconits1 c4
 for ,garden ,persley1 and ,parsneps2   

the ,myrrhis ,sylvestris1 or ,cow-,weed1
 for ,chaerophilum1 7,chervil7 ,thapsia 
for ,fennel2 the wild ,chondrilla for   
,succory2 ,dogs-,mercury instead of     
,spinach3 ,papaver ,corniculatum        
,luteum1 and horn'd ,poppy for ,eringo2 
,oenanthe aquatica for the ,palustral   
,apium1 and a world more1 whose dire    
effects have been many times sudden     
,death1 and the cause of ,mortal        
,accidents to those who have eaten of   
them unwittingly3 ,but supposing some of
 those wild and unknown ,plants should  
not prove so deleterious and            
#dgunwholsome2 yet may others of them   
annoy the ,head1 ,brain1 and ,genus     
,nervosum1 weaken the ,eyes1 offend the 
,stomach1 affect the ,liver1 torment the
 ,bowels1 and discover their malignity  
in dangerous and dreadful ,symptoms4    
,and therefore such ,plants as are      
rather ,medicinal than ,nourishing and  
,refreshing1 are studiously to be       
rejected4 ,so highly necessary it is1   
that what we sometimes find in old      

,books concerning ,edules of other      
,countries and ,climates 7frequently    
call'd by the ,names of such as are     
wholsome in ours1 and among us7 mislead 
not the unskilful ,gatherer2 to prevent 
which we read of divers ,popes and      
,emperors1 that had sometimes ,learned  
,physicians for their ,master-,cooks4 ,i
 cannot therefore but exceedingly       
approve of that charitable ,advice of   
,mr4 ,ray #dh7,transact4 ,num4 #bch47   
who thinks it the ,interest of ,mankind1
 that all ,persons should be caution'd  
of advent'ring upon unknown ,herbs and  
,plants to their ,prejudice3 ,of such1  
,i say1 with our excellent #di,poet 7a  
little chang'd7    ,happy from such     
conceal'd1 if still do lie1   ,of ,roots
 and ,herbs the unwholsome ,luxury4     
,the ,illustrious and ,learned ,columna 
has1 by observing what #ej;,insects did 
usually feed on1 make ,conjectures of   
the ,nature of the ,plants4 ,but ,i     
should not so readily adventure upon it 
on that account1 as to its wholsomness3 

,for tho' indeed one may safely eat of a
 ,peach or ,abricot1 after a ,snail has 
been ,taster1 ,i question whether it    
might be so of all other ,fruits and    
,herbs attack'd by other ,insects3 ,nor 
would one conclude1 the ,hyoscyamus     
harmless1 because the ,cimex feeds upon 
it1 as the ,learned ,dr4 ,lyster has    
discover'd4 ,notice should therefore be 
taken what ,eggs of ,insects are found  
adhering to the ,leaves of              
,sallet-,herbs1 and frequently cleave so
 firmly to them1 as not easily to be    
wash'd off1 and so not being taken      
notice of1 passing for accidental and   
harmless ,spots only1 may yet produce   
very ill effects4  ,grillus1 who        
according to the ,doctrine of           
,transmigration 7as ,plutarch tells us7 
had1 in his turn1 been a ,beast2        
discourses how much better he fed1 and  
liv'd1 than when he was turn'd to ,man  
again1 as knowing then1 what ,plants    
were best and most proper for him3      
,whilst ,men1 ,sarcophagists            

7,flesh-,eaters7 in all this time were  
yet to seek4 ,and 'tis indeed very      
evident1 that ,cattel1 and other ,greek3
 panphaga1 and herbaceous ,animals which
 feed on ,plants1 are directed by their 
,smell1 and accordingly make election of
 their ,food3 ,but ,men 7bessides the   
,smell and ,taste7 have1 or should have1
 ,reason1 ,experience1 and the ,aids of 
,natural ,philosophy to be their ,guides
 in this ,matter4 ,we have heard of     
,plants1 that 7like the ,basilisk7 kill 
and infect by #ealooking on them only2  
and some by the touch4 ,the truth is1   
there's need of all the ,senses to      
determine ,analogically concerning the  
,vertues and ,properties1 even of the   
,leaves alone of many ,edule ,plants3   
,the most eminent ,principles of near   
the whole ,tribe of ,sallet ,vegetables1
 inclining rather to ,acid and ,sowre   
than to any other quality1 especially1  
,salt1 ,sweet1 or ,luscious4 ,there is  
therefore ,skill and ,judgment requir'd1
 how to suit and mingle our             

,sallet-,ingredients1 so as may best    
agree with the ,constitution of the     
7vulgarly reputed7 ,humors of those who 
either stand in need of1 or affect these
 ,refreshments1 and by so adjusting     
them1 that as nothing should be suffer'd
 to domineer1 so should none of them    
lose their genuine ,gust1 ,savour1 or   
,vertue4 ,to this end1  ,the ,cooler1   
and moderately refreshing1 should be    
chosen to extinguish ,thirst1 attemper  
the ,blood1 repress ,vapours1 c4  ,the  
,hot1 ,dry1 ,aromatic1 ,cordial and     
friendly to the ,brain1 may be qualify'd
 by the ,cold and ,moist3 ,the ,bitter  
and ,stomachical1 with the ,sub-acid and
 gentler ,herbs3 ,the ,mordicant and    
pungent1 and such as repress or discuss 
,flatulency 7revive the ,spirits1 and   
aid ,concoction27 with such as abate1   
and take off the keenness1 mollify and  
reconcile the more harsh and churlish3  
,the mild and insipid1 animated with    
piquant and brisk3 ,the ,astringent and 
,binders1 with such as are ,laxative and

 ,deobstruct3 ,the over-sluggish1 raw1  
and unactive1 with those that are       
,eupeptic1 and promote ,concoction3     
,there are ,pectorals for the ,breast   
and ,bowels4 ,those of middle ,nature1  
according as they appear to be more or  
less ,specific2 and as their ,characters
 7tho' briefly7 are describ'd in our    
foregoing ,catalogue3 ,for              
notwithstanding it seem in general1 that
 raw ,sallets and ,herbs have           
experimentally been found to be the most
 soveraign ,diet in that ,endemial 7and 
indeed with us1 ,epidemical and almost  
universal7 ,contagion the ,scorbute1 to 
which we of this ,nation1 and most other
 ,ilanders are obnoxious2 yet1 since the
 ,nasturtia are singly1 and alone as it 
were1 the most effectual1 and powerful  
,agents in conquering and expugning that
 cruel ,enemy2 it were enough to give   
the ,sallet-,dresser direction how to   
choose1 mingle1 and proportion his      
,ingredients2 as well as to shew what   
,remedies there are contain'd in our    

,magazine of ,sallet-,plants upon all   
,occasions1 rightly marshal'd and       
skilfully apply'd4 ,so as 7with our     
#ebsweet ,cowley7     ,if thro' the     
strong and beauteous ,fence   ,of       
,temperance and ,innocence1   ,and      
wholsome ,labours1 and a quiet ,mind1   
,diseases passage find2     ,they must  
not think here to assail   ,a ,land     
unarm'd1 or without ,guard1   ,they must
 fight for it1 and dispute it hard1     
,before they can prevail2   ,scarce any 
,plant is used here1   ,which 'gainst   
some ,aile a ,weapon does not bear4     
,we have said how necessary it is1 that 
in the ,composure of a ,sallet1 every   
,plant should come in to bear its part1 
without being over-power'd by some ,herb
 of a stronger ,taste1 so as to endanger
 the native ,sapor and vertue of the    
rest2 but fall into their places1 like  
the ,notes in ,music1 in which there    
should be nothing harsh or grating3 ,and
 tho' admitting some ,discords 7to      
distinguish and illustrate the rest7    

striking in the more sprightly1 and     
sometimes gentler ,notes1 reconcile all 
,dissonancies1 and melt them into an    
agreeable ,composition4 ,thus the       
,comical ,master-,cook1 introduc'd by   
,damoxenus1 when asked ,greek3 pos esin 
autois onmphonia2 ,what ,harmony there  
was in ,meats8 ,the very same 7says he7 
that a ,diatessaron1 ,diapente1 and     
,diapason have one to another in a      
,consort of ,music3 ,and that there was 
as great care requir'd1 not to mingle   
#ec,sapores minime consentientes1       
jarring and repugnant ,tastes2 looking  
upon him as a lamentable ,ignorant1 who 
should be no better vers'd in           
,democritus4 ,the whole ,scene is very  
diverting1 as ,athenaeus presents it2   
and to the same sense ,macrobius1       
,saturn4 lib4 ,i4 cap4 ,i4 ,in short1   
the main ,skill of the ,artist lies in  
this3    ,what choice to choose1 for    
delicacy best2   ,what ,order so        
contriv'd1 as not to mix   ,tastes not  
well join'd1 inelegant1 but bring       

,taste after ,taste1 upheld by kindliest
 change4   ,as our #ed,paradisian ,bard 
introduces ,eve1 dressing of a ,sallet  
for her ,angelical ,guest4  ,thus1 by   
the discreet choice and mixture of the  
,oxoleon 7,oyl1 ,vinegar1 ,salt1 c47 the
 ,composition is perfect2 so as neither 
the ,prodigal1 ,niggard1 nor ,insipid1  
should 7according to the ,italian ,rule7
 prescribe in my ,opinion2 since ,one   
may be too profuse1 the ,other          
#eeover-saving1 and the ,third 7like    
himself7 give it no ,relish at all3 ,it 
may be too sharp1 if it exceed a        
grateful ,acid2 too ,insulse and flat1  
if the ,profusion be extream4 ,from all 
which it appears1 that a ,wise-,man is  
the proper ,composer of an excellent    
,sallet1 and how many ,transcendences   
belong to an accomplish'd               
,sallet-,dresser1 so as to emerge an    
exact ,critic indeed1 ,he should be     
skill'd in the ,degrees1 ,terms1 and    
various ,species of ,tastes1 according  
to the ,scheme set us down in the       

,tables of the ,learned #ef;,dr4 ,grew1 
to which ,i refer the ,curious4  ',tis  
moreover to be consider'd1 that ,edule  
,plants are not in all their ,tastes and
 ,vertues alike3 ,for as ,providence has
 made us to consist of different ,parts 
and ,members1 both ,internal and        
,external2 so require they different    
,juices to nourish and supply them3     
,wherefore the force and activity of    
some ,plants lie in the ,root2 and even 
the ,leaves of some ,bitter-,roots are  
sweet1 and e contra4 ,of others1 in the 
,stem1 ,leaves1 ,buds1 ,flowers1 c4     
,some exert their ,vigour without       
,decoction2 others being a little       
press'd or contus'd2 others again ,raw1 
and best in ,consort2 some alone1 and   
per se without any ,greek3 skenasia1    
,preparation1 or ,mixture at all4 ,care 
therefore must be taken by the          
,collector1 that what he gathers answer 
to these ,qualities2 and that as near as
 he can1 they consist 7,i speak of the  
cruder ,salleting7 of the ,oluscula1 and

 ex foliis pubescentibus1 or 7as        
,martial calls them7 ,prototomi rudes1  
and very tenderest ,parts ,gems1 young  
,buds1 and even first ,rudiments of     
their several ,plants2 such as we       
sometimes find in the ,craws of the     
,wood-,culver1 ,stock-,dove1 ,partridge1
 ,pheasants1 and other ,upland ,fowl1   
where we have a natural ,sallet1 pick'd1
 and almost dress'd to our hands4   ,i4 
,preparatory to the ,dressing therefore1
 let your ,herby ,ingredients be        
exquisitely cull'd1 and cleans'd of all 
worm-eaten1 slimy1 canker'd1 dry1       
spotted1 or any ways vitiated ,leaves4  
,and then that they be rather discreetly
 sprinkl'd1 than over-much sob'd with   
,spring-,water1 especially ,lettuce1    
which ,dr4 #eg,muffet thinks impairs    
their ,vertue2 but this1 ,i suppose he  
means of the ,cabbage-kind1 whose heads 
are sufficiently protected by the outer 
,leaves which cover it4 ,after washing1 
let them remain a while in the          
,cullender1 to drain the superfluous    

moisture3 ,and lastly1 swing them       
altogether gently in a clean course     
,napkin2 and so they will be in perfect 
condition to receive the ,intinctus     
following4   ,,ii4 ,that the ,oyl1 an   
,ingredient so indispensibly and highly 
necessary1 as to have obtain'd the name 
of ,cibarium 7and with us of            
,sallet-,oyl7 be very clean1 not        
high-colour'd1 nor yellow2 but with an  
,eye rather of a pallid ,olive green1   
without ,smell1 or the least touch of   
rancid1 or indeed of any other sensible 
,taste or ,scent at all2 but smooth1    
light1 and pleasant upon the ,tongue2   
such as the genuine ,omphacine1 and     
native ,luca ,olives afford1 fit to     
allay the tartness of ,vinegar1 and     
other ,acids1 yet gently to warm and    
humectate where it passes4 ,some who    
have an aversion to ,oyl1 substitute    
fresh ,butter in its stead2 but 'tis so 
exceedingly clogging to the ,stomach1 as
 by no means to be allow'd4   ,,iii4    
,thirdly1 ,that the ,vinegar and other  

liquid ,acids1 perfectly clear1 neither 
sowre1 ,vapid or spent2 be of the best  
,wine ,vinegar1 whether ,distill'd1 or  
otherwise ,aromatiz'd1 and impregnated  
with the ,infusion of                   
,clove-gillyflowers1 ,elder1 ,roses1    
,rosemary1 ,nasturtium1 c4 inrich'd with
 the ,vertues of the ,plant4  ,a        
,verjuice not unfit for ,sallet1 is made
 by a ,grape of that ,name1 or the green
 immature ,clusters of most other       
,grapes1 press'd and put into a small   
,vessel to ferment4   ,,iv4 ,fourthly1  
,that the ,salt 7aliorum ,condimentorum 
,condimentum1 as ,plutarch calls it7    
detersive1 penetrating1 quickning 7and  
so great a resister of ,putrefaction1   
and universal use1 as to have sometimes 
merited ,divine ,epithets7 be of the    
brightest ,bay grey-,salt2 moderately   
dried1 and contus'd1 as being the least 
,corrosive3 ,but of this1 as of ,sugar  
also1 which some mingle with the ,salt  
7as warming without heating7 if         
perfectly refin'd1 there would be no    

great difficulty2 provided none1 save   
,ladies1 were of the ,mess2 whilst the  
perfection of ,sallets1 and that which  
gives them the name1 consists in the    
grateful ,saline ,acid-point1 temper'd  
as is directed1 and which we find to be 
most esteem'd by judicious ,palates3    
,some1 in the mean time1 have been so   
nice1 and luxuriously curious as for the
 heightning1 and 7as they affect to     
speak7 giving the utmost poinant and    
,relevee in lieu of our vulgar ,salt1 to
 recommend and cry-up the               
,essential-,salts and ,spirits of the   
most ,sanative ,vegetables2 or such of  
the ,alcalizate and ,fixt2 extracted    
from the ,calcination of ,baulm1        
,rosemary1 ,wormwood1 ,scurvy-grass1 c4 
,affirming that without the gross       
,plant1 we might have healing1 cooling1 
generous1 and refreshing ,cordials1 and 
all the ,materia ,medica out of the     
,salt-,cellar only3 ,but to say no more 
of this ,impertinence1 as to ,salts of  
,vegetables2 many indeed there be1 who  

reckon them not much unlike in          
,operation1 however different in ,taste1
 ,crystals1 and ,figure3 ,it being a    
question1 whether they at all retain the
 ,vertues and ,faculties of their       
,simples1 unless they could be made     
without ,colcination4 ,franciscus ,redi1
 gives us his ,opinion of this1 in a    
,process how they are to be prepar'd2   
and so does our ,learned #eh;,doctor    
7whom we lately nam'd7 whether          
,lixivial1 ,essential1 ,marine1 or other
 factitious ,salts of ,plants1 with     
their ,qualities1 and how they differ3  
,but since 'tis thought all ,fixed      
,salts made the common way1 are little  
better than our common ,salt1 let it    
suffice1 that our ,sallet-,salt be of   
the best ordinary ,bay-,salt1 clean1    
bright1 dry1 and without claminess4  ,of
 ,sugar 7by some call'd ,indian-,salt7  
as it is rarely us'd in ,sallet1 it     
should be of the best refined1 white1   
hard1 close1 yet light and sweet as the 
,madera's3 ,nourishing1 preserving1     

cleansing1 delighting the ,taste1 and   
preferrable to ,honey for most uses4    
,note1 ,that both this1 ,salt1 and      
,vinegar1 are to be proportion'd to the 
,constitution1 as well as what is said  
of the ,plants themselves4 ,the one for 
cold1 the other for hot stomachs4   ,v4 
,that the ,mustard 7another noble       
,ingredient7 be of the best ,tewksberry2
 or else compos'd of the soundest and   
weightiest ,yorkshire ,seed1 exquisitely
 sifted1 winnow'd1 and freed from the   
,husks1 a little 7not over-much7 dry'd  
by the ,fire1 temper'd to the           
consistence of a ,pap with ,vinegar1 in 
which shavings of the ,horse-,radish    
have been steep'd3 ,then cutting an     
,onion1 and putting it into a small     
,earthen ,gally-,pot1 or some thick     
,glass of that shape2 pour the ,mustard 
over it1 and close it very well with a  
,cork4 ,there be1 who preserve the      
,flower and ,dust of the bruised ,seed  
in a well-stopp'd ,glass1 to temper1 and
 have it fresh when they please4 ,but   

what is yet by some esteem'd beyond all 
these1 is compos'd of the dried ,seeds  
of the ,indian ,nasturtium1 reduc'd to  
,powder1 finely bolted1 and mixt with a 
little ,levain1 and so from time to time
 made fresh1 as indeed all other        
,mustard should be4  ,note1 ,that the   
,seeds are pounded in a ,mortar2 or     
bruis'd with a polish'd ,cannon-,bullet1
 in a large wooden ,bowl-,dish1 or which
 is most preferr'd1 ground in a ,quern  
contriv'd for this purpose only4   ,,vi4
 ,sixthly1 ,that the ,pepper 7white or  
black7 be not bruis'd to too small a    
,dust2 which1 as we caution'd1 is very  
prejudicial4 ,and here let me mention   
the ,root of the ,minor ,pimpinella1 or 
small ,burnet ,saxifrage2 which being   
dried1 is by some extoll'd beyond all   
other ,peppers1 and more wholsom4  ,of  
other ,strewings and ,aromatizers1 which
 may likewise be admitted to inrich our 
,sallet1 we have already spoken1 where  
we mention ,orange and ,limon-peel2 to  
which may also be added1                

,jamaica-,pepper1 ,juniper-berries1 c4  
as of singular ,vertue4  ,nor here      
should ,i omit 7the mentioning at least 
of7 ,saffron1 which the ,german         
,housewives have a way of forming into  
,balls1 by mingling it with a little    
,honey2 which throughly dried1 they     
reduce to ,powder1 and sprinkle it over 
their ,sallets for a noble ,cordial4    
,those of ,spain and ,italy1 we know1   
generally make use of this ,flower1     
mingling its golden ,tincture with      
almost every thing they eat2 ,but its   
being so apt to prevail above every     
thing with which 'tis blended1 we little
 incourage its admittance into our      
,sallet4   ,,vii4 ,seventhly1 ,that     
there be the ,yolks of fresh and        
new-laid ,eggs1 boil'd moderately hard1 
to be mingl'd and mash'd with the       
,mustard1 ,oyl1 and ,vinegar2 and part  
to cut into quarters1 and eat with the  
,herbs4   ,,viii4 ,eighthly1 7according 
to the super-curious7 that the ,knife1  
with which the ,sallet ,herbs are cut   

7especially ,oranges1 ,limons1 c47 be of
 ,silver1 and by no means of ,steel1    
which all ,acids are apt to corrode1 and
 retain a ,metalic relish of4   ,,ix4   
,ninthly and ,lastly1 ,that the         
,saladiere1 7,sallet-,dishes7 be of     
,porcelane1 or of the                   
,holland-,delft-,ware2 neither too deep 
nor shallow1 according to the quantity  
of the ,sallet ,ingredients2 ,pewter1 or
 even ,silver1 not at all so well       
agreeing with ,oyl and ,vinegar1 which  
leave their several ,tinctures4 ,and    
note1 ,that there ought to be one of the
 ,dishes1 in which to beat and mingle   
the ,liquid ,vehicles2 and a second to  
receive the crude ,herbs in1 upon which 
they are to be pour'd2 and then with a  
,fork and a ,spoon kept continually     
stirr'd1 'till all the ,furniture be    
equally moisten'd3 ,some1 who are       
husbands of their ,oyl1 pour at first   
the ,oyl alone1 as more apt to          
communicate and diffuse its             
,slipperiness1 than when it is mingled  

and beaten with the ,acids2 which they  
pour on last of all2 and 'tis incredible
 how small a quantity of ,oyl 7in this  
quality1 like the gilding of ,wyer7 is  
sufficient1 to imbue a very plentiful   
assembly of ,sallet-,herbs4  ,the       
,sallet-,gatherer likewise should be    
provided with a light1 and neatly made  
,withy-,dutch-,basket1 divided into     
several ,partitions4  ,thus instructed  
and knowing in the ,apparatus2 the      
,species1 ,proportions1 and manner of   
,dressing1 according to the several     
,seasons you have in the following      
,table4  ,it being one of the ,inquiries
 of the ,noble #ei,mr4 ,boyle1 what     
,herbs were proper and fit to make      
,sallets with1 and how best to order    
them8 we have here 7by the ,assistance  
of ,mr4 ,london1 ,his ,majesty's        
,principal ,gard'ner7 reduc'd them to a 
competent ,number1 not exceeding ,thirty
 ,five2 but which may be vary'd and     
inlarg'd1 by taking in1 or leaving out1 
any other ,sallet-,plant1 mention'd in  

the foregoing ,list1 under these three  
or four ,heads4  ,but all these sorts   
are not to be had at the very same time1
 and therefore we have divided them into
 the ,quarterly ,seasons1 each          
containing and lasting ,three ,months4  
,note1 ,that by ,parts is to be         
understood a ,pugil2 which is no more   
than one does usually take up between   
the ,thumb and the two next ,fingers4   
,by ,fascicule a reasonable full ,grip1 
or ,handful4         99       99        
99       99       99  ,transcriber's    
,note3 ,the following tables have been  
modified from their original layout4    
,the left-most columns are converted to 
section headers1 the column headers have
 been reproduced above each of these new
 sections1 and a horizontal rule added  
above them to better visually indicate  
the restructuring4 ,the original        
structure is very wide4                 
,species4                 ,ordering and 
,culture4                 _/  #a4       
,endive1                 ,tied-up to    

,blanch4                #b4 ,cichory1   
#c4 ,sellery1               ,earth'd-up 
,,ix4          #d4 ,sweet-,fennel1      
,blanch'd     #e4 ,rampions1            
_/                              #f4     
,roman                 ,tied-up to      
,blanch4                #g4 ,cosse      
,lettuce1                 #h4 ,silesian 
,tied close up4                #i4      
,cabbage  _/            _/ ,pome and    
,blanch of themselves4               _/ 
#aj4 ,lob-,lettuce1                     
#aa4 ,corn-,sallet1           ,leaves1  
all of a midling size4                  
#ab4 ,purslane1             _/          
,,xxvi4       #ac4 ,cresses broad1      
,seed-,leaves1               #ad4       
,spinach1 curled1      _/ and the next  
to them4                 ,green         
#ae4 ,sorrel1 ,french1        ,the fine 
young ,leaves only1   ,unblanch'd  #af4 
,sorrel1 ,greenland1    _/   with the   
first ,shoots4                          
#ag4 ,radish1                 ,only the 
tender young ,leaves4               #ah4

 ,cresses1                ,the          
,seed-,leaves1 and those                
only next them4               #ai4      
,turnip1                                
#bj4 ,mustard1               ,the       
,seed-,leaves only4               #ba4  
,scurvy-grass1         _/               
#bb4 ,chervil1               ,the young 
,leaves               #bc4 ,burnet1     
immediately after               #bd4    
,rocket1 ,spanish1       the ,seedlings4
               #be4 ,persly1            
_/                             #bf4     
,tarragon1              ,the tender     
,shoots               #bg4 ,mints1      
_/   and ,tops4                         
#bh4 ,sampier1                          
#bi4 ,balm1                  ,the young 
tender               #cj4 ,sage1 ,red1  
_/   ,leaves and ,shoots4               
#ca4 ,shalots1                          
#cb4 ,cives and ,onion1    _/ ,the      
tender young leaves4                    
#cc4 ,nasturtium1 ,indian      ,the     
,flowers and ,bud-,flowers4             

#cd4 ,rampion1 ,belgrade      ,the      
,seed-,leaves               #ce4        
,trip-,madame1          _/   and young  
,tops4             ,month4 ,january1    
,february1 and ,march4      ,ordering   
and             ,species4               
,proportion4   ,culture4                
_/ ,rampions1                   _/ #aj  
,blanch'd      ,endive1                 
#b     as before     ,succory1          
#e   ,roots in ,number4                 
,fennel1 ,sweet4               #aj      
,sellery1                      #d  _/   
_/ ,lamb-,lettuce1                      
,lob-,lettuce1                _/ ,a     
pugil of each4                          
,radish1                                
,cresses1                    _/ ,three  
parts each4                             
,turneps1                               
,mustard1 ,seedlings1         _/ ,of    
each ,one part4                         
,scurvy-grass1                 ,spinach1
                      ,two parts4       
,sorrel1 ,greenland1             ,green 

and     ,sorrel1 ,french                
,unblanch'd    ,chervil1 sweet1         
,one part of each4                      
,burnet1                                
,rocket1                     _/         
,twenty large ,leaves4                  
,tarragon1                 ,balm1       
,mint1                       _/ ,one    
small part of each4                     
,sampier1                 ,shalots1     
,cives1                      _/ ,very   
few                                     
,cabbage1 ,winter4              ,two    
pugils or                               
small handfuls4       ,month4 ,april1   
,may1 and ,june4      ,ordering   and   
,species4                               
,proportion4   ,culture4                
_/ ,lop1                                
,blanch'd      ,silesan1 ,winter1       
,lettuce4  ,of each a pugil4            
,roman1 ,winter1   _/          _/       
_/ ,radishes1                     ,three
 parts4   ,green ,herbs   ,cresses1     
,two parts4   ,unblanch'd4   ,purselan1 

#a ,fasciat1                            
or pretty full gripe                    
,sorrel1 ,french1               ,two    
parts4   ,note1 ,that   ,sampier1       
,one part4   the young     ,onions1     
young4                ,six parts4       
,seedling      ,sage-tops1 the ,red1    
,two parts4   ,leaves of       ,orange  
and    ,persley1                        
,lemon may     ,cresses1 the ,indian1   
all these     ,lettuce1 ,belgrade1      
,of each ,one part4   months be         
,trip-,madame1                   mingled
 with  ,chervil1 sweet              _/  
the ,sallet4                  ,burnet1  
,two parts4       ,month4 ,july1        
,august1 and ,september4      ,ordering 
and             ,species4               
,proportion4   ,culture4    ,blanch'd1  
_/ ,silesian ,lettuce1             ,one 
whole ,lettuce4   and may be     eaten  
by      ,roman ,lettuce1                
,two parts4   themselves    ,cress1     
_/   with some      ,nasturtium-        
,cabbage1                      ,four    

parts4   flowers4                 _/    
,cresses1                               
,nasturtium1                 _/ ,two    
parts4                                  
,purslane1                              
,lop-,lettuce1                _/ ,one   
part4                   ,green ,herbs   
,belgrade1 or                   by      
,crumpen-,lettuce4            _/ ,two   
parts4   themselves      or mingl'd     
,tarragon1                     ,one     
part4   with the       ,blanch'd4       
,sorrel1 ,french                        
,burnet1                     _/ ,two    
parts of each4                          
,trip-,madame1                  ,one    
part4       ,month4 ,october1 ,november1
 and ,december4      ,ordering   and    
,species4                               
,proportion4   ,culture4                
_/ ,endive4                       ,two  
if large1 four                 ,sellery1
                     if small1 ,stalk   
and                                     
part of the ,root and                   

_/ tenderest ,leaves4                   
,blanch'd      ,lop-,lettuce1           
,lambs-,lettuce1              _/ ,an    
handful of each4                        
,radish1                       ,three   
parts4                 ,cresses1        
,two parts4                 _/ ,turneps1
                                        
,mustard ,seedlings1          _/ ,one   
part of each4   ,green                  
,cresses1 broad1                        
,spinach1                    _/ ,two    
parts of each4          99       99     
99       99       99     ,farther       
,directions concerning the proper       
,seasons for the ,gathering1 ,composing1
 and ,dressing of a ,sallet4   ,and     
,first1 as to the ,season both ,plants  
and ,roots are then properly to be      
,gather'd1 and in prime1 when most they 
abound with ,juice and in ,vigour3 ,some
 in the ,spring1 or a little            
anticipating it before they ,blossom1 or
 are in full ,flower3 ,some in the      
,autumnal ,months2 which later ,season  

many prefer1 the ,sap of the ,herb1 tho'
 not in such exuberance1 yet as being   
then better concocted1 and so render'd  
fit for ,salleting1 'till the ,spring   
begins a fresh to put forth new1 and    
tender ,shoots and ,leaves4  ,this1     
indeed1 as to the ,root1 newly taken out
 of the ,ground is true2 and therefore  
should such have their ,germination     
stopt the sooner3 ,the approaching and  
prevailing ,cold1 both ,maturing and    
,impregnating them2 as does ,heat the   
contrary1 which now would but exhaust   
them3 ,but for those other ,esculents   
and ,herbs imploy'd in our ,composition 
of ,sallets1 the early ,spring1 and     
ensuing ,months 7till they begin to     
mount1 and prepare to ,seed7 is         
certainly the most natural1 and kindly  
,season to collect and accommodate them 
for the ,table4 ,let none then consult  
,culpeper1 or the ,figure-flingers1 to  
inform them when the governing ,planet  
is in its ,exaltation2 but look upon the
 ,plants themselves1 and judge of their 

,vertues by their own ,complexions4     
,moreover1 in ,gathering1 ,respect is to
 be had to their ,proportions1 as       
provided for in the ,table under that   
,head1 be the ,quality whatsoever3 ,for 
tho' there is indeed nothing more       
wholsome than ,lettuce and ,mustard for 
the ,head and ,eyes2 yet either of them 
eaten in excess1 were highly prejudicial
 to them both3 ,too much of the first   
extreamly debilitating and weakning the 
,ventricle1 and hastning the further    
decay of sickly ,teeth2 and of the      
second the ,optic ,nerves1 and ,sight it
 self2 the like may be said of all the  
rest4 ,i conceive therefore1 a ,prudent 
,person1 well acquainted with the       
,nature and ,properties of              
,sallet-,herbs1 c4 to be both the       
fittest ,gatherer and ,composer too2    
which yet will require no great         
,cunning1 after once he is acquainted   
with our ,table and ,catalogue4  ,we    
purposely1 and in transitu only1 take   
notice here of the ,pickl'd1 ,muriated1 

or otherwise prepared ,herbs2 excepting 
some such ,plants1 and ,proportions of  
them1 as are of hard digestion1 and not 
fit to be eaten altogether ,crude1 7of  
which in the ,appendix7 and among which 
,i reckon ,ash-keys1 ,broom-buds and    
,pods1 ,haricos1 ,gurkems1 ,olives1     
,capers1 the ,buds and ,seeds of        
,nasturtia1 ,young ,wall-nuts1          
,pine-apples1 ,eringo1 ,cherries1       
,cornelians1 ,berberries1 c4 together   
with several ,stalks1 ,roots1 and       
,fruits2 ,ordinary ,pot-herbs1 ,anis1   
,cistus ,hortorum1 ,horminum1 ,pulegium1
 ,satureia1 ,thyme2 the intire ,family  
of ,pulse and ,legumena2 or other       
,sauces1 ,pies1 ,tarts1 ,omlets1        
,tansie1 ,farces1 c4 ,condites and      
,preserves with ,sugar by the ,hand of  
,ladies2 tho' they are all of them the  
genuine ,production of the ,garden1 and 
mention'd in our ,kalendar1 together    
with their ,culture2 whilst we confine  
our selves to such ,plants and          
,esculenta as we find at hand2 delight  

our selves to gather1 and are easily    
prepar'd for an ,extemporary ,collation1
 or to ,usher in1 and ,accompany other  
7more ,solid1 tho' haply not more       
,agreeable7 ,dishes1 as the ,custom is4 
,but there now starts up a ,question1   
,whether it were better1 or more proper1
 to ,begin with ,sallets1 or ,end and   
,conclude with them8 ,some think the    
harder ,meats should first be eaten for 
better ,concoction2 others1 those of    
easiest ,digestion1 to make way1 and    
prevent ,obstruction2 and this makes for
 our ,sallets1 ,horarii1 and ,fugaces   
,fructus 7as they call 'em7 to be eaten 
first of all1 as agreeable to the       
general ,opinion of the great           
,hippocrates1 and ,galen1 and of ,celsus
 before him4 ,and therefore the ,french 
do well1 to begin with their ,herbaceous
 ,pottage1 and for the ,cruder1 a       
,reason is given3    #fj,prima tibi     
dabitur ,ventri ,lactuca movendo        
,utilis1  ,poris fila refecta suis4     
,and tho' this ,custom came in about    

,domitian's time#fa1 ,greek3 ho m       
arkaioi1 they anciently did quite the   
contrary1    #fb;,grataque nobilium     
,lactuca ciborum4   ,but of later       
,times1 they were constant at the       
,ante-coenia1 eating plentifully of     
,sallet1 especially of ,lettuce1 and    
more refrigerating ,herbs4 ,nor without 
,cause3 ,for drinking liberally they    
were found to expell1 and allay the     
,fumes and ,vapors of the genial        
,compotation1 the spirituous ,liquor    
gently conciliating ,sleep3 ,besides1   
that being of a crude nature1 more      
dispos'd1 and apt to fluctuate1 corrupt1
 and disturb a surcharg'd ,stomach2 they
 thought convenient to begin with       
,sallets1 and innovate the ancient      
,usage4    #fc----,nam ,lactuca innatat 
acri   ,post ,vinum ,stomacho----       
,for if on drinking ,wine you ,lettuce  
eat1   ,it floats upon the ,stomach---- 
,the ,spaniards1 notwithstanding1 eat   
but sparingly of ,herbs at ,dinner1     
especially ,lettuce1 beginning with     

,fruit1 even before the ,olio and       
,hot-,meats come to the ,table2 drinking
 their ,wine pure1 and eating the best  
,bread in the ,world2 so as it seems the
 ,question still remains undecided with 
them1    #fd;,claudere quae coenas      
,lactuca solebat avorum   ,dic mihi cur 
nostras inchoat illa dapes8    ,the     
,sallet1 which of old came in at last1  
,why now with it begin we our ,repast8  
,and now since we mention'd ,fruit1     
there rises another ,scruple3 ,whether  
,apples1 ,pears1 ,abricots1 ,cherries1  
,plums1 and other ,tree1 and            
,ort-yard-,fruit1 are to be reckon'd    
among ,salleting2 and when likewise most
 seasonably to be eaten8 ,but as none of
 these do properly belong to our        
,catalogue of ,herbs and ,plants1 to    
which this ,discourse is confin'd       
7bessides what we may occasionally speak
 of hereafter7 there is a very useful   
#fe,treatise on that ,subject already   
publish'd4 ,we hasten then in the next  
place to the ,dressing1 and ,composing  

of our ,sallet3 ,for by this time1 our  
,scholar may long to see the ,rules     
reduc'd to ,practice1 and ,refresh      
himself with what he finds growing among
 his own ,lactuceta and other ,beds of  
the ,kitchin-,garden4          99       
99       99       99       99           
,,dressing   ,i am not ambitious of     
being thought an excellent ,cook1 or of 
those who set up1 and value themselves1 
for their skill in ,sauces2 such as was 
,mithacus a ,culinary ,philosopher1 and 
other ,eruditae ,gulae2 who read        
,lectures of ,hautgouts1 like the       
,archestratus in ,athenaeus3 ,tho' after
 what we find the ,heroes did of old1   
and see them chining out the slaughter'd
 ,ox1 dressing the ,meat1 and do the    
,offices of both ,cook and ,butcher1    
7for so #ff;,homer represents ,achilles 
himself1 and the rest of those          
,illustrious ,greeks7 ,i say1 after     
this1 let none reproach our             
,sallet-,dresser1 or disdain so clean1  
innocent1 sweet1 and ,natural a         

,quality2 compar'd with the ,shambles   
,filth and ,nidor1 ,blood and ,cruelty2 
whilst all the ,world were ,eaters1 and 
,composers of ,sallets in its best and  
brightest ,age4  ,the ,ingredients      
therefore gather'd and proportion'd1 as 
above2 ,let the ,endive have all its    
out-side ,leaves stripped off1 slicing  
in the ,white3 ,in like manner the      
,sellery is also to have the hollow     
green ,stem or ,stalk trimm'd and       
divided2 slicing-in the blanched ,part1 
and cutting the ,root into four equal   
,parts4  ,lettuce1 ,gresses1 ,radish1 c4
 7as was directed7 must be exquisitely  
pick'd1 cleans'd1 wash'd1 and put into  
the ,strainer2 swing'd1 and shaken      
gently1 and1 if you please1 separately1 
or all together2 ,because some like not 
so well the ,blanch'd and ,bitter       
,herbs1 if eaten with the rest3 ,others 
mingle ,endive1 ,succory1 and ,rampions1
 without distinction1 and generally eat 
,sellery by it self1 as also ,sweet     
,fennel4  ,from ,april till ,september  

7and during all the ,hot ,months7 may   
,guinny-,pepper1 and ,horse-,radish be  
left out2 and therefore we only mention 
them in the ,dressing1 which should be  
in this manner4  ,your ,herbs being     
handsomely parcell'd1 and spread on a   
clean ,napkin before you1 are to be     
mingl'd together in one of the ,earthen 
glaz'd ,dishes3 ,then1 for the ,oxoleon2
 ,take of clear1 and perfectly good     
,oyl-,olive1 three ,parts2 of sharpest  
,vinegar 7#fgsweetest of all            
,condiments7 ,limon1 or ,juice of       
,orange1 one ,part2 and therein let     
steep some ,slices of ,horse-,radish1   
with a little ,salt2 ,some in a separate
 ,vinegar1 gently bruise a ,pod of      
,guinny-,pepper1 straining both the     
,vinegars apart1 to make ,use of        
,either1 or ,one alone1 or of both1 as  
they best like2 then add as much        
,tewkesbury1 or other dry ,mustard      
grated1 as will lie upon an ,half-,crown
 ,piece3 ,beat1 and mingle all these    
very well together2 but pour not on the 

,oyl and ,vinegar1 'till immediately    
before the ,sallet is ready to be eaten3
 ,and then with the ,yolk of two        
new-laid ,eggs 7boyl'd and prepar'd1 as 
before is taught7 squash1 and bruise    
them all into mash with a ,spoon2 and   
lastly1 pour it all upon the ,herbs1    
stirring1 and mingling them 'till they  
are well and throughly imbib'd2 not     
forgetting the ,sprinklings of          
,aromaticks1 and such ,flowers1 as we   
have already mentioned1 if you think    
fit1 and garnishing the ,dish with the  
thin ,slices of ,horse-,radish1 ,red    
,beet1 ,berberries1 c4  ,note1 ,that the
 ,liquids may be made more1 or less     
,acid1 as is most agreeable to your     
,taste4   ,these ,rules1 and            
,prescriptions duly ,observ'd2 you have 
a ,sallet 7for a ,table of ,six or      
,eight ,persons7 ,dress'd1 and          
,accommodated secundum ,artem3 ,for1 as 
the #fh,proverb has it1    ,greek3 ',ou 
oantos andros esin artusai kalos4   ,non
 est cujusvis recte condire4   ,and now 

after all we have advanc'd in favour of 
the ,herbaceous ,diet1 there still      
emerges a third ,inquiry2 namely1       
,whether the ,use of ,crude ,herbs and  
,plants are so wholesom as is pretended8
  ,what ,opinion the ,prince of         
,physicians had of them1 we shall see   
hereafter2 as also what the ,sacred     
,records of elder ,times seem to infer1 
before there were any ,flesh-,shambles  
in the ,world2 together with the        
,reports of such as are often conversant
 among many ,nations and ,people1 who to
 this ,day1 living on ,herbs and ,roots1
 arrive to incredible ,age1 in constant 
,health and ,vigour3 ,which1 whether    
attributable to the ,air and ,climate1  
,custom1 ,constitution1 c4 should be    
inquir'd into2 especially1 when we      
compare the ,antediluvians mention'd    
,gen4 #a4 #bi--the whole ,fifth and     
,ninth ,chapters1 ver4 #c4 confining    
them to ,fruit and wholesom ,sallets3 ,i
 deny not that both the ,air and ,earth 
might then be less humid and clammy1 and

 consequently ,plants1 and ,herbs better
 fermented1 concocted1 and less         
,rheumatick1 than since1 and presently  
after2 to say nothing of the infinite   
,numbers of putrid ,carcasses of ,dead  
,animals1 perishing in the ,flood1 7of  
which ,i find few1 if any1 have taken   
notice7 which needs must have corrupted 
the ,air3 ,those who live in ,marshes1  
and ,uliginous ,places 7like the        
,hundreds of ,essex7 being more         
obnoxious to ,fevers1 ,agues1           
,pleurisies1 and generally unhealthful3 
,the ,earth also then a very ,bog1      
compar'd with what it likely was before 
that destructive ,cataclysm1 when ,men  
breath'd the pure ,paradisian ,air1     
sucking in a more aethereal1 nourishing1
 and baulmy ,pabulum1 so foully vitiated
 now1 thro' the ,intemperance1 ,luxury1 
and softer ,education and ,effeminacy of
 the ,ages since4  ,custom1 and         
,constitution come next to be examin'd1 
together with the ,qualities1 and       
,vertue of the ,food2 and ,i confess1   

the two first1 especially that of       
,constitution1 seems to me the more     
likely ,cause of ,health1 and           
consequently of ,long-life2 which       
induc'd me to consider of what ,quality 
the usual ,sallet ,furniture did more   
eminently consist1 that so it might     
become more safely applicable to the    
,temper1 ,humour1 and ,disposition of   
our ,bodies2 according to which1 the    
various ,mixtures might be regulated and
 proportion'd3 ,there's no doubt1 but   
those whose ,constitutions are ,cold and
 ,moist1 are naturally affected with    
,things which are ,hot and ,dry2 as on  
the contrary1 ,hot1 and ,dry            
,complexions1 with such as cool and     
refrigerate2 which perhaps made the     
,junior ,gordian 7and others like him7  
prefer the frigidae ,mensae 7as of old  
they call'd ,sallets7 which1 according  
to ,cornelius ,celsus1 is the fittest   
,diet for ,obese and ,corpulent         
,persons1 as not so ,nutritive1 and apt 
to ,pamper3 ,and consequently1 that for 

the ,cold1 ,lean1 and ,emaciated2 such  
,herby ,ingredients should be made      
choice of1 as warm1 and cherish the     
,natural ,heat1 depure the ,blood1 breed
 a laudable ,juice1 and revive the      
,spirits3 ,and therefore my ,lord       
#fi;,bacon shews what are best ,raw1    
what ,boil'd1 and what ,parts of ,plants
 fittest to nourish4 ,galen indeed seems
 to exclude them all1 unless well       
accompanied with their due ,correctives1
 of which we have taken care3           
,notwithstanding yet1 that even the most
 ,crude and ,herby1 actually ,cold and  
,weak1 may potentially be ,hot1 and     
,strengthning1 as we find in the most   
vigorous ,animals1 whose ,food is only  
,grass4 ',tis true indeed1 ,nature has  
providentially mingl'd1 and dress'd a   
,sallet for them in every field1 besides
 what they distinguish by ,smell2 nor   
question ,i1 but ,man at first knew what
 ,plants and ,fruits were good1 before  
the ,fall1 by his ,natural ,sagacity1   
and not ,experience2 which since by     

,art1 and ,trial1 and long ,observation 
of their ,properties and ,effects1 they 
hardly recover3 ,but in all ,events1    
supposing with #gj;,cardan1 that ,plants
 nourish little1 they hurt as little4   
,nay1 ,experience tells us1 that they   
not only hurt not at all1 but           
exceedingly benefit those who use them2 
indu'd as they are with such admirable  
,properties as they every day discover3 
,for some ,plants not only nourish      
laudably1 but induce a manifest and     
wholesom ,change2 as ,onions1 ,garlick1 
,rochet1 c4 which are both nutritive and
 warm2 ,lettuce1 ,purselan1 the ,intybs1
 c4 and indeed most of the ,olera1      
refresh and cool3 ,and as their         
respective ,juices being converted into 
the ,substances of our ,bodies1 they    
become ,aliment2 so in regard of their  
,change and ,alteration1 we may allow   
them ,medicinal2 especially the greater 
,numbers1 among which we all this while 
have skill but of very few 7not only in 
the ,vegetable ,kingdom1 but in the     

whole ,materia ,medica7 which may be    
justly call'd ,infallible ,specifics1   
and upon whose ,performance we may as   
safely depend1 as we may on such as     
familiarly we use for a ,crude          
,herb-,sallet2 discreetly chosen1       
mingl'd1 and dress'd accordingly3 ,not  
but that many of them may be improv'd1  
and render'd better in ,broths1 and     
,decoctions1 than in ,oyl1 ,vinegar1 and
 other ,liquids and ,ingredients3 ,but  
as this holds not in all1 nay1 perhaps  
in few comparatively1 7provided1 as ,i  
said1 the ,choice1 ,mixture1            
,constitution1 and ,season rightly be   
understood7 we stand up in ,defence and 
,vindication of our ,sallet1 against all
 ,attacks and ,opposers whoever4  ,we   
have mentioned ,season and with the     
great ,hippocrates1 pronounce them more 
proper for the ,summer1 than the        
,winter2 and when those ,parts of       
,plants us'd in ,sallet are yet tender1 
delicate1 and impregnated with the      
,vertue of the ,spring1 to cool1        

refresh1 and allay the ,heat and        
,drought of the ,hot and ,bilious1      
,young and over-,sanguine1 ,cold1       
,pituit1 and ,melancholy2 in a word1 for
 ,persons of all ,ages1 ,humours1 and   
,constitutions whatsoever4  ,to this of 
the ,annual ,seasons1 we add that of    
,culture also1 as of very great         
,importance3 ,and this is often         
discover'd in the taste and consequently
 in the ,goodness of such ,plants and   
,salleting1 as are ,rais'd and brought  
us fresh out of the ,country1 compar'd  
with those which the ,avarice of the    
,gardiner1 or ,luxury rather of the     
,age1 tempts them to force and          
,resuscitate of the most desirable and  
delicious ,plants4  ,it is certain1 says
 a #ga,learned ,person1 that about      
populous ,cities1 where ,grounds are    
over-forc'd for ,fruit and early        
,salleting1 nothing is more unwholsom3  
,men in the ,country look so much more  
healthy and fresh2 and commonly are     
longer liv'd than those who dwell in the

 ,middle and ,skirts of vast and crowded
 ,cities1 inviron'd with rotten ,dung1  
loathsome and common ,lay ,stalls2 whose
 noisome ,steams1 wafted by the ,wind1  
poison and infect the ambient ,air and  
vital ,spirits1 with those pernicious   
,exhalations1 and ,materials of which   
they make the ,hot ,beds for the raising
 those ,praecoces indeed1 and forward   
,plants and ,roots for the wanton       
,palate2 but which being corrupt in the 
,original1 cannot but produce malignant 
and ill ,effects to those who feed upon 
them4 ,and the same was well observ'd by
 the ,editor of our famous ,roger       
,bacon's ,treatise concerning the ,cure 
of ,old ,age1 and ,preservation of      
,youth3 ,there being nothing so proper  
for ,sallet ,herbs and other ,edule     
,plants1 as the ,genial and ,natural    
,mould1 impregnate1 and enrich'd with   
well-digested ,compost 7when requisite7 
without any ,mixture of ,garbage1 odious
 ,carrion1 and other filthy ,ordure1 not
 half consum'd and ventilated and indeed

 reduc'd to the next ,disposition of    
,earth it self1 as it should be2 and    
that in ,sweet1 #gb,rising1 ,aery and   
moderately ,perflatile ,grounds2 where  
not only ,plants but ,men do last1 and  
live much longer4 ,nor doubt ,i1 but    
that every body would prefer ,corn1 and 
other ,grain rais'd from ,marle1 ,chalk1
 ,lime1 and other sweet ,soil and       
,amendments1 before that which is       
produc'd from the ,dunghil only4        
,beside1 ,experience shews1 that the    
,rankness of ,dung is frequently the    
,cause of ,blasts and ,smuttiness2 as if
 the ,lord of the ,universe1 by an ,act 
of visible ,providence would check us1  
to take heed of all unnatural           
,sordidness and ,mixtures4 ,we sensibly 
find this ,difference in ,cattle and    
their ,pasture2 but most powerfully in  
,fowl1 from such as are nourish'd with  
,corn1 sweet and dry ,food3 ,and as of  
,vegetable ,meats1 so of ,drinks1 'tis  
observ'd1 that the same ,vine1 according
 to the ,soil1 produces a ,wine twice as

 heady as in the same1 and a less forc'd
 ,ground2 and the like ,i believe of all
 other ,fruit1 not to determine any     
thing of the ,peach said to be ,poison  
in ,persia2 because 'tis a ,vulgar      
,error4  ,now1 because among other      
things1 nothing more betrays its unclean
 and spurious ,birth than what is so    
impatiently longed after as ,early      
,asparagus1 c4 #gc;,dr4 ,lister1        
7according to his communicative and     
obliging ,nature7 has taught us how to  
raise such as our ,gardiners cover with 
nasty ,litter1 during the ,winter2 by   
rather laying of ,clean and ,sweet      
,wheat-,straw upon the ,beds1           
super-seminating and over-strowing them 
thick with the ,powder of bruised       
,oyster-,shells1 c4 to produce that most
 tender and delicious ,sallet4 ,in the  
mean while1 if nothing will satisfie    
save what is rais'd ,ex tempore1 and by 
,miracles of ,art so long before the    
time2 let them study 7like the ,adepti7 
as did a very ingenious ,gentleman whom 

,i knew2 ,that having some ,friends of  
his accidentally come to ,dine with him1
 and wanting an early ,sallet1 ,before  
they sate down to ,table1 sowed ,lettuce
 and some other ,seeds in a certain     
,composition of ,mould he had prepared2 
which within the space of two ,hours1   
being risen near two ,inches high1      
presented them with a delicate and      
tender ,sallet2 and this1 without making
 use of any nauseous or fulsome         
,mixture2 but of ,ingredients not       
altogether so cheap perhaps4 ,honoratus 
,faber 7no mean ,philosopher7 shews us  
another ,method by sowing the ,seeds    
steep'd in ,vinegar1 casting on it a    
good quantity of ,bean-,shell ,ashes1   
irrigating them with ,spirit of ,wine1  
and keeping the ,beds well cover'd under
 dry ,matts4 ,such another ,process for 
the raising early ,peas and ,beans1 c4  
we have the like #gd;,accounts of3 ,but 
were they practicable and certain1 ,i   
confess ,i should not be fonder of them1
 than of such as the honest industrious 

,country-man's ,field1 and ,good ,wife's
 ,garden seasonably produce2 where they 
are legitimately born in just time1 and 
without forcing ,nature4  ,but to return
 again to ,health and ,long ,life1 and  
the ,wholesomness of the ,herby-,diet1  
#ge;,john ,beverovicius1 a ,learn'd     
,physician 7out of ,peter ,moxa1 a      
,spaniard7 treating of the extream ,age1
 which those of ,america usually arrive 
to1 asserts in behalf of ,crude and     
,natural ,herbs3 ,diphilus of old1 as   
#gf;,athenaeus tells us1 was on the     
other side1 against all the ,tribe of   
,olera in general2 and ,cardan of late  
7as already noted7 no great ,friend to  
them2 ,affirming ,flesh-,eaters to be   
much wiser and more sagacious4 ,but this
 his #gg,learned ,antagonist utterly    
denies2 ,whole ,nations1                
,flesh-,devourers 7such as the farthest 
,northern7 becoming ,heavy1 ,dull1      
,unactive1 and much more ,stupid than   
the ,southern2 and such as feed much on 
,plants1 are more ,acute1 ,subtil1 and  

of deeper ,penetration3 ,witness the    
,chaldaeans1 ,assyrians1 ,a,egyptians1  
c4 ,and further argues from the short   
,lives of most ,carnivorous ,animals1   
compared with ,grass ,feeders1 and the  
,ruminating kind2 as the ,hart1 ,camel1 
and the longaevous ,elephant1 and other 
,feeders on ,roots and ,vegetables4  ,i 
know what is pretended of our ,bodies   
being composed of ,dissimilar ,parts1   
and so requiring ,variety of ,food3 ,nor
 do ,i reject the ,opinion1 keeping to  
the same ,species2 of which there is    
infinitely more ,variety in the ,herby  
,family1 than in all ,nature bessides3  
,but the ,danger is in the ,generical   
,difference of ,flesh1 ,fish1 ,fruit1 c4
 with other made ,dishes and exotic     
,sauces2 which a wanton and expensive   
,luxury has introduc'd2 debauching the  
,stomach1 and sharpening it to devour   
things of such difficult ,concoction1   
with those of more easie ,digestion1 and
 of contrary ,substances1 more than it  
can well dispose of3 ,otherwise ,food of

 the same kind would do us little hurt3 
,so true is that of #gh;,celsus1        
,eduntur facilius2 ad concoctionem autem
 materiae1 genus1  modus pertineat4     
,they are 7says he7 easily eaten and    
taken in3 ,but regard should be had to  
their ,digestion1 ,nature1 ,quantity and
 ,quality of the ,matter4 ,as to that of
 ,dissimilar ,parts1 requiring this     
contended for ,variety3 ,if we may judge
 by other ,animals 7as ,i know not why  
we may not7 there is 7after all the late
 ,contests about ,comparative ,anatomy7 
so little ,difference in the ,structure1
 as to the ,use of those ,parts and     
,vessels destin'd to serve the ,offices 
of ,concoction1 ,nutrition1 and other   
,separations for ,supply of ,life1 c4   
,that it does not appear why there      
should need any ,difference at all of   
,food2 of which the most simple has ever
 been esteem'd the best1 and most       
wholsome2 according to that of the      
#gi,naturalist1 ,hominis cibus          
utilissimus simplex4 ,and that so it is 

in other ,animals1 we find by their     
being so seldom afflicted with ,mens    
,distempers1 deriv'd from the ,causes   
above-mentioned3 ,and if the many       
,diseases of ,horses seem to            
#hj;contradict it1 ,i am apt to think it
 much imputable to the ,rack and        
,manger1 the dry and wither'd ,stable   
,commons1 which they must eat or starve1
 however qualified2 being restrained    
from their ,natural and ,spontaneous    
,choice1 which ,nature and ,instinct    
directs them to3 ,to these add the      
,closeness of the ,air1 standing in an  
almost continu'd ,posture2 besides the  
fulsome ,drenches1 unseasonable         
,watrings1 and other ,practices of      
ignorant ,horse-,quacks and surly       
,grooms3 ,the ,tyranny and cruel ,usage 
of their ,masters in tiring ,journeys1  
hard1 labouring and unmerciful          
,treatment1 ,heats1 ,colds1 c4 which    
wear out and destroy so many of those   
useful and generous ,creatures before   
the time3 ,such as have been better     

us'd1 and some1 whom their more gentle  
and good-natur'd ,patrons have in       
recompence of their long and faithful   
service1 dismiss'd1 and sent to ,pasture
 for the rest of their ,lives 7as the   
,grand ,seignior does his               
,meccha-,camel7 have been known to live 
forty1 fifty1 nay 7says #ha;,aristotle17
 no fewer than sixty five ,years4 ,when 
once ,old ,par came to change his       
simple1 homely ,diet1 to that of the    
,court and ,arundel-,house1 he quickly  
sunk and dropt away3 ,for1 as we have   
shew'd1 the ,stomack easily concocts    
plain1 and familiar ,food2 but finds it 
an hard and difficult ,task1 to vanquish
 and overcome ,meats of #hb;different   
,substances3 ,whence we so often see    
temperate and abstemious ,persons1 of a 
,collegiate ,diet1 very healthy2        
,husbandsmen and laborious ,people1 more
 robust1 and longer liv'd than others of
 an uncertain extravagant ,diet4        
#hc----,nam variae res   ,ut noceant    
,homini1 credas1 memor illius escae1    

,quae simplex olim tibi sederit----     
,for different ,meats do hurt2          
,remember how   ,when to one ,dish      
confin'd1 thou     healthier wast than  
now3   was ,osellus's ,memorandum in the
 ,poet4  ,not that variety 7which ,god  
has certainly ordain'd to delight and   
assist our ,appetite7 is unnecessary1   
nor any thing more grateful1 refreshing 
and proper for those especially who lead
 sedentary and studious ,lives2 ,men of 
deep ,thought1 and such as are otherwise
 disturb'd with ,secular ,cares and     
,businesses1 which hinders the ,function
 of the ,stomach and other ,organs3     
whilst those who have their ,minds free1
 use much ,exercise1 and are more       
active1 create themselves a natural     
,appetite1 which needs little or no     
,variety to quicken and content it4     
,and here might we attest the           
,patriarchal ,world1 nay1 and many      
,persons since2 who living very         
temperately came not much short of the  
,post-,diluvians themselves1 counting   

from ,abraham to this ,day2 and some    
exceeding them1 who liv'd in pure ,air1 
a constant1 tho' course and simple      
,diet2 wholsome and uncompounded ,drink2
 that never tasted ,brandy or ,exotic   
,spirits2 but us'd moderate ,exercise1  
and observ'd good ,hours3 ,for such a   
one a curious ,missionary tells us of in
 ,persia2 who had attain'd the ,age of  
four hundred ,years1 7a full ,century   
beyond the famous ,johannes de          
,temporibus7 and was living ,anno #afcf1
 and so may be still for ought we know4 
,but1 to our ,sallet4  ,certain it is1  
,almighty ,god ordaining #hd;,herbs and 
,fruit for the ,food of ,men1 speaks not
 a ,word concerning ,flesh for two      
thousand ,years4 ,and when after1 by the
 ,mosaic ,constitution1 there were      
,distinctions and ,prohibitions about   
the legal ,uncleanness of ,animals2     
,plants1 of what kind soever1 were left 
free and indifferent for every one to   
choose what best he lik'd4 ,and what if 
it was held undecent and unbecoming the 

,excellency of ,man's ,nature1 before   
,sin entred1 and grew enormously wicked1
 that any ,creature should be put to    
,death and ,pain for him who had such   
infinite store of the most delicious and
 nourishing ,fruit to delight1 and the  
,tree of ,life to sustain him8          
,doubtless there was no need of it4     
,infants sought the ,mother's ,nipple as
 soon as born2 and when grown1 and able 
to feed themselves1 run naturally to    
,fruit1 and still will choose to eat it 
rather than ,flesh and certainly might  
so persist to do1 did not ,custom       
prevail1 even against the very ,dictates
 of ,nature3 ,nor1 question ,i1 but that
 what the ,heathen #he,poets recount of 
the ,happiness of the ,golden ,age1     
sprung from some ,tradition they had    
received of the ,paradisian ,fare1 their
 innocent and healthful ,lives in that  
delightful ,garden4 ,let it suffice1    
that ,adam1 and his yet innocent        
,spouse1 fed on ,vegetables and other   
,hortulan ,productions before the fatal 

,lapse2 which1 by the way1 many ,learned
 ,men will hardly allow to have fallen  
out so soon as those imagine who        
scarcely grant them a single ,day2 nay1 
nor half a one1 for their ,continuance  
in the ,state of ,original ,perfection2 
whilst the sending him into the ,garden2
 ,instructions how he should keep and   
cultivate it2 ,edict1 and ,prohibition  
concerning the ,sacramental ,trees2 the 
,imposition of #hf,names1 so apposite to
 the ,nature of such an ,infinity of    
,living ,creatures 7requiring deep      
,inspection7 the ,formation of ,eve1 a  
meet ,companion to relieve his          
,solitude2 the ,solemnity of their      
,marriage2 the ,dialogues and ,success  
of the crafty ,tempter1 whom we cannot  
reasonably think made but one ,assault3 
,and that they should so quickly forget 
the ,injunction of their ,maker and     
,benefactor2 break their ,faith and     
,fast1 and all other their ,obligations 
in so few ,moments4 ,i say1 all these   
,particulars consider'd2 ,can it be     

supposed they were so soon transacted as
 those do fancy1 who take their ,measure
 from the ,summary ,moses gives us1 who 
did not write to gratifie ,mens         
,curiosity1 but to transmit what was    
necessary and sufficient for us to know4
  ,this then premis'd 7as ,i see no     
,reason why it should not7 and that     
during all this ,space they liv'd on    
,fruits and ,sallets2 'tis little       
probable1 that after their              
,transgression1 and that they had       
forfeited their ,dominion over the      
,creature 7and were sentenc'd and exil'd
 to a ,life of ,sweat and ,labour on a  
cursed and ungrateful ,soil7 the        
offended ,god should regale them with   
,pampering ,flesh1 or so much as suffer 
them to slay the more innocent ,animal3 
,or1 that if at any time they had       
,permission1 it was for any thing save  
,skins to cloath them1 or in way of     
,adoration1 or ,holocaust for           
,expiation1 of which nothing of the     
,flesh was to be eaten4 ,nor did the    

,brutes themselves subsist by ,prey     
7tho' pleas'd perhaps with ,hunting1    
without destroying their ,fellow        
,creatures7 as may be presum'd from     
their long ,seclusion of the most       
,carnivorous among them in the ,ark4    
,thus then for two thousand ,years1 the 
,universal ,food was ,herbs and ,plants2
 which abundantly recompens'd the ,want 
of ,flesh and other luxurious ,meats1   
which shortened their ,lives so many    
hundred ,years2 the #hg;,greek3         
makro-biote-a of the ,patriarchs1 which 
was an ,emblem of ,eternity as it were  
7after the new ,concession7 beginning to
 dwindle to a little ,span1 a ,nothing  
in ,comparison4  ,on the other side1    
examine we the present ,usages of       
several other ,heathen ,nations2        
particularly 7bessides the aegyptian    
,priests of old7 the ,indian ,bramins1  
,relicts of the ancient ,gymnosophists  
to this ,day1 observing the             
,institutions of their ,founder4 ,flesh1
 we know was banish'd the ,platonic     

,tables1 as well as from those of       
,pythagoras2 7,see #hh,porphyry and     
their ,disciples7 tho' on different     
,accounts4 ,among others of the         
,philosophers1 from ,xenocrates1        
,polemon1 c4 we hear of many4 ,the like 
we find in #hi;,clement ,alexand4       
#ij;,eusebius names more4 ,zeno1        
,archinomus1 ,phraartes1 ,chiron1 and   
others1 whom ,laertius reckons up4 ,in  
short1 so very many1 especially of the  
,christian ,profession1 that some1 even 
of the ancient #ia;,fathers themselves1 
have almost thought that the ,permission
 of eating ,flesh to ,noah and his      
,sons1 was granted them no otherwise    
than ,repudiation of ,wives was to the  
,jews1 namely1 for the ,hardness of     
their ,hearts1 and to satisfie a        
murmuring ,generation that a little     
after loathed ,manna it self1 and ,bread
 from ,heaven4 ,so difficult a thing it 
is to subdue an unruly ,appetite2 which 
notwithstanding #ib,seneca thinks not so
 hard a ,task2 where speaking of the    

,philosopher ,sextius1 and ,socion's    
7abhorring ,cruelty and ,intemperance7  
he celebrates the ,advantages of the    
,herby and ,sallet ,diet1 as ,physical1 
and ,natural ,advancers of ,health and  
other ,blessings2 whilst ,abstinence    
from ,flesh deprives ,men of nothing but
 what ,lions1 ,vultures1 ,beasts and    
birds of ,prey1 blood and gorge         
themselves withal1 ,the whole ,epistle  
deserves the ,reading1 for the excellent
 ,advice he gives on this and other     
,subjects2 and how from many troublesome
 and slavish ,impertinencies1 grown into
 ,habit and ,custom 7old as he was7 he  
had ,emancipated and freed himself3 ,be 
this apply'd to our present excessive   
,drinkers of ,foreign and ,exotic       
,liquors4 ,and now  ,i am sufficiently  
sensible how far1 and to how little     
purpose ,i am gone on this ,topic3 ,the 
,ply is long since taken1 and our raw   
,sallet deckt in its best ,trim1 is     
never like to invite ,men who once have 
tasted ,flesh to quit and abdicate a    

,custom which has now so long obtain'd4 
,nor truly do ,i think ,conscience at   
all concern'd in the ,matter1 upon any  
,account of ,distinction of ,pure and   
,impure2 tho' seriously consider'd 7as  
,sextius held7 rationi magis congrua1 as
 it regards the cruel ,butcheries of so 
many harmless ,creatures2 some of which 
we put to merciless and needless        
,torment1 to accommodat them for        
exquisite and uncommon ,epicurism4      
,there lies else no positive            
,prohibition2 ,discrimination of ,meats 
being #ic;,condemn'd as the ,doctrine of
 ,devils3 ,nor do ,meats commend us to  
,god4 ,one eats quid vult 7of every     
thing37 another ,olera1 and of ,sallets 
only3 ,but this is not my ,business1    
further than to shew how possible it is 
by so many ,instances and ,examples1 to 
live on wholsome ,vegetables1 both long 
and happily3 ,for so    #id,the ,golden 
,age1 with this ,provision blest1       
,such a ,grand ,sallet made1 and was a  
,feast4   ,the ,demi-,gods with ,bodies 

large and sound1   ,commended then the  
,product of the ,ground4   ,fraud then1 
nor ,force were known1 nor filthy ,lust1
   ,which ,over-heating and             
,intemp'rance nurst3   ,be their vile   
,names in ,execration held1   ,who with 
foul ,glutt'ny first the ,world defil'd3
   ,parent of ,vice1 and all ,diseases  
since1   ,with ghastly ,death sprung up 
alone from thence4   ,ah1 from such     
reeking1 bloody ,tables fly1   ,which   
,death for our ,destruction does supply4
   ,in ,health1 if ,sallet-,herbs you   
can't endure2   ,sick1 you'll desire    
them2 or for ,food1 or ,cure4   ,as to  
the other part of the ,controversie1    
which concerns us1 ,greek3 aimatophagoi1
 and ,occidental ,blood-,eaters2 some   
,grave and ,learn'd ,men of late seem to
 scruple the present ,usage1 whilst they
 see the ,prohibition appearing1 and to 
carry such a ,face of ,antiquity1       
#ie,scripture1 #if;,councils1           
#ig;,canons1 #ih;,fathers2 ,imperial    
,constitutions1 and ,universal          

,practice1 unless it be among us of     
these ,tracts of ,europe1 whither1 with 
other ,barbarities1 that of eating the  
,blood and ,animal ,life of ,creatures  
first was brought2 and by our ,mixtures 
with the ,goths1 ,vandals1 and other    
,spawn of ,pagan ,scythians2 grown a    
,custom1 and since which ,i am persuaded
 more ,blood has been shed between      
,christians than there ever was before  
the ,water of the ,flood covered this   
,corner of the ,world3 ,not that ,i     
impute it only to our eating ,blood2 but
 sometimes wonder how it hap'ned that so
 strict1 so solemn and famous a         
,sanction not upon a ,ceremonial        
,account2 but 7as some affirm7 a ,moral 
and ,perpetual from ,noah1 to whom the  
,concession of eating ,flesh was        
granted1 and that of ,blood forbidden   
7nor to this ,day once revok'd7 and     
whilst there also seems to lie fairer   
,proofs than for most other             
,controversies agitated among           
,christians1 should be so generally     

forgotten1 and give place to so many    
other impertinent ,disputes and ,cavels 
about other superstitious ,fopperies1   
which frequently end in ,blood and      
cutting of ,throats4  ,as to the ,reason
 of this ,prohibition1 its favouring of 
,cruelty excepted1 7and that by ,galen1 
and other experienc'd ,physicians1 the  
eating ,blood is condemn'd as           
unwholsome1 causing ,indigestion and    
,obstructions7 if a positive ,command of
 ,almighty ,god were not enough1 it     
seems sufficiently intimated2 because   
,blood was the ,vehicle of the ,life and
 ,animal ,soul of the ,creature3 ,for   
what other mysterious ,cause1 as haply  
its being always dedicated to ,expiatory
 ,sacrifices1 c4 it is not for us to    
enquire4 ',tis said1 that ,justin       
,martyr being asked1 why the ,christians
 of his time were permitted the eating  
,flesh and not the ,blood8 readily      
answer'd1 ,that ,god might distinguish  
them from ,beasts1 which eat them both  
together4 ',tis likewise urg'd1 that by 

the ,apostolical ,synod 7when the rest  
of the ,jewish ,ceremonies and ,types   
were abolish'd7 this ,prohibition was   
mention'd as a thing #iinecessary1 and  
rank'd with ,idolatry1 which was not to 
be local or temporary2 but universally  
injoyn'd to converted ,strangers and    
,proselytes1 as well as ,jews3 ,nor     
could the ,scandal of neglecting to     
observe it1 concern them alone1 after so
 many ,ages as it was and still is in   
continual ,use2 and those who           
transgress'd1 so severely punish'd1 as  
by an ,imperial ,law to be scourg'd to  
,blood and ,bone3 ,indeed1 so terrible  
was the ,interdiction1 that ,idolatry   
excepted 7which was also ,moral and     
perpetual7 nothing in ,scripture seems  
to be more express4 ,in the mean time1  
to relieve all other ,scruples1 it does 
not1 they say1 extend to that ,greek3   
akribeia of those few diluted ,drops of 
,extravasated ,blood1 which might happen
 to tinge the ,juice and ,gravy of the  
,flesh 7which were indeed to strain at a

 ,gnat7 but to those who devour the     
,venal and ,arterial ,blood separately1 
and in ,quantity1 as a choice           
,ingredient of their luxurious          
,preparations and ,apician ,tables4     
,but this1 and all the rest will1 ,i    
fear1 seem but ,oleribus verba facere1  
and 7as the ,proverb goes7 be           
,labour-in-vain to think of preaching   
down ,hogs-,puddings1 and usurp the     
,chair of ,rabby-,busy3 ,and therefore  
what is advanc'd in ,countenance of the 
,antediluvian ,diet1 we leave to be     
ventilated by the ,learned1 and such as 
,curcellaeus1 who has borrow'd of all   
the ,ancient ,fathers1 from ,tertullian1
 ,hierom1 ,s4 ,chrysostom1 c4 to the    
later ,doctors and ,divines1 ,lyra1     
,tostatus1 ,dionysius ,carthusianus1    
,pererius1 amongst the ,pontificians2 of
 ,peter ,martyr1 ,zanchy1 ,aretius1     
,jac4 ,capellus1 ,hiddiger1 ,cocceius1  
,bochartus1 c4 amongst the ,protestants2
 and instar omnium1 by ,salmasius1      
,grotius1 ,vossius1 ,blundel3 ,in a     

,word1 by the ,learn'd of both          
,persuasions1 favourable enough to these
 ,opinions1 ,cajetan and ,calvin only   
excepted1 who hold1 that as to          
,abstinence from ,flesh1 there was no   
positive ,command or ,imposition        
concerning it2 but that the ,use of     
,herbs and ,fruit was recommended rather
 for ,temperance sake1 and the          
,prolongation of ,life3 ,upon which     
score ,i am inclin'd to believe that the
 ancient ,greek3 theraoentai1 and other 
devout and contemplative ,sects1        
distinguish'd themselves2 whose ,course 
of ,life we have at large describ'd in  
#ajj,philo 7who liv'd and taught much in
 ,gardens7 with others of the           
,abstemious ,christians2 among whom1    
,clemens brings in ,st4 ,mark the       
,evangelist himself1 ,james our ,lord's 
,brother4 ,st4 ,john1 c4 and with       
several of the devout ,sex1 the famous  
,diaconesse ,olympias1 mention'd by     
,palladius 7not to name the rest7 who   
abstaining from ,flesh1 betook          

themselves to ,herbs and ,sallets upon  
the ,account of ,temperance1 and the    
,vertues accompanying it2 and concerning
 which the incomparable ,grotius        
declares ingenuously his ,opinion to be 
far from censuring1 not only those who  
forbear the eating ,flesh and ,blood1   
,experimenti ,causa1 and for ,discipline
 sake2 but such as forbear ex ,opinione1
 and 7because it has been the ancient   
,custom7 provided they blam'd none who  
freely us'd their ,liberty2 and ,i think
 he's in the right4  ,but leaving this  
,controversie 7ne nimium extra oleas7 it
 has often been objected1 that ,fruit1  
and ,plants1 and all other things1 may  
since the ,beginning1 and as the ,world 
grows older1 have universally become    
,effoete1 impair'd and diverted of those
 ,nutritious and transcendent ,vertues  
they were at first endow'd withal3 ,but 
as this is begging the ,question1 and to
 which we have already spoken2 so all   
are not agreed that there is any1 the   
least #aja;,decay in ,nature1 where     

equal ,industry and ,skill's apply'd4   
',tis true indeed1 that the ,ordo       
,foliatorum1 ,feuillantines 7a late     
,order of ,ascetic ,nuns7 amongst other 
,mortifications1 made ,trial upon the   
,leaves of ,plants alone1 to which they 
would needs confine themselves2 but were
 not able to go through that thin and   
meagre ,diet3 ,but then it would be     
enquir'd whether they had not first1 and
 from their very ,childhood1 been fed   
and brought up with ,flesh1 and better  
,sustenance till they enter'd the       
,cloyster2 and what the ,vegetables and 
the ,preparation of them were allow'd by
 their ,institution8 ,wherefore this is 
nothing to our ,modern ,use of ,sallets1
 or its ,disparagement4 ,in the mean    
time1 that we still think it not only   
possible1 but likely1 and with no great 
,art or ,charge 7taking ,roots and      
,fruit into the ,basket7 substantially  
to maintain ,mens ,lives in ,health and 
,vigour3 ,for to this1 and less than    
this1 we have the ,suffrage of the great

 #ajb;,hippocrates himself2 who thinks1 
ab initio etiam hominum 7as well as     
other ,animals7 tali victu usum esse1   
and needed no other ,food4 ,nor is it an
 inconsiderable ,speculation1 ,that     
since all ,flesh is ,grass 7not in a    
,figurative1 but ,natural and ,real     
,sense7 ,man himself1 who lives on      
,flesh1 and ,i think upon no ,earthly   
,animal whatsoever1 but such as feed on 
,grass1 is nourish'd with them still2   
and so becoming an ,incarnate ,herb1 and
 ,innocent ,canibal1 may truly be said  
to devour himself4  ,we have said       
nothing of the ,lotophagi1 and such as  
7like ,st4 ,john the ,baptist1 and other
 religious ,ascetics7 were ,feeders on  
the ,summities and ,tops of ,plants3    
,but as divers of those1 and others we  
have mention'd1 were much in times of   
,streights1 ,persecutions1 and other    
,circumstances1 which did not in the    
least make it a ,pretence1 exempting    
them from ,labour1 and other ,humane    
,offices1 by ensnaring ,obligations and 

vows 7never to be useful to the         
,publick1 in whatever ,exigency7 so ,i  
cannot but take ,notice of what a       
,learned ,critic speaking of ,mens      
neglecting plain and ,essential ,duties1
 under ,colour of exercising themselves 
in a more sublime ,course of ,piety1 and
 being ,righteous above what is         
commanded 7as those who seclude         
themselves in ,monasteries7 that they   
manifestly discover excessive ,pride1   
,hatred of their ,neighbour1 ,impatience
 of ,injuries2 to which add1 ,melancholy
 ,plots and ,machinations2 and that he  
must be either stupid1 or infected with 
the same ,vice himself1 who admires this
 ,greek3 etheloperiosothreskeia1 or     
thinks they were for that ,cause the    
more pleasing to ,god4 ,this being so1  
what may we then think of such ,armies  
of ,hermits1 ,monks and ,friers1 who    
pretending to justifie a mistaken ,zeal 
and meritorious ,abstinence2 not only by
 a peculiar ,diet and ,distinction of   
,meats 7which ,god without ,distinction 

has made the moderate ,use of common and
 #ajc;indifferent amongst ,christians7  
but by other sordid ,usages1 and        
unnecessary ,hardships1 wilfully        
prejudice their ,health and             
,constitution8 and through a singular   
manner of living1 dark and ,saturnine2  
whilst they would seem to abdicate and  
forsake the ,world 7in ,imitation1 as   
they pretend1 of the ,ancient ,eremites7
 take care to settle1 and build their   
warm and stately ,nests in the most     
,populous ,cities1 and ,places of       
,resort2 ambitious doubtless of the     
,peoples ,veneration and ,opinion of an 
extraordinary ,sanclity2 and therefore  
flying the ,desarts1 where there is     
indeed no use of them2 and flocking to  
the ,towns and ,cities where there is   
less1 indeed none at all2 and therefore 
no ,marvel that the ,emperour           
,valentinian banished them the ,cities1 
and ,constantine ,copronymus finding    
them seditious1 oblig'd them to marry1  
to leave their ,cells1 and live as did  

others4 ,for of these1 some there are   
who seldom speak1 and therefore edifie  
none2 sleep little1 and lie hard1 are   
clad nastily1 and eat meanly 7and       
oftentimes that which is unwholsom7 and 
therefore benefit none2 ,not because    
they might not1 both for their own1 and 
the ,good of others1 and the ,publick2  
but because they will not2 ,custom1 and 
a prodigious #ajd,sloth accompanying it2
 which renders it so far from ,penance1 
and the ,mortification pretended1 that  
they know not how to live1 or spend     
their ,time otherwise4 ,this1 as ,i have
 often consider'd1 so was ,i glad to    
find it justly perstring'd1 and taken   
notice of by a #aje,learned ,person1    
amongst others of his useful ,remarks   
abroad4  ',these1 says he1 willingly    
renouncing the innocent ,comforts of    
,life1 plainly shew it to proceed more  
from a chagrin and morose ,humour1 than 
from any true and serious ,principle of 
sound ,religion2 which teaches ,men to  
be useful in their ,generations1        

sociable and communicative1 unaffected1 
and by no means singular and fantastic  
in ,garb and ,habit1 as are these       
7forsooth7 ,fathers 7as they affect to  
be call'd7 spending their ,days in idle 
and fruitless ,forms1 and tedious       
,repetitions2 and thereby thinking to   
merit the ,reward of those ,ancient1 and
 truly pious ,solitaries1 who1 ,god     
knows1 were driven from their ,countries
 and ,repose1 by the ,incursions of     
barbarous ,nations 7whilst these have no
 such ,cause7 and compell'd to          
,austerities1 not of their own chusing  
and making1 but the publick ,calamity2  
and to labour with their ,hands for     
their own1 and others necessary         
,support1 as well as with with their    
,prayers and holy ,lives1 ,examples to  
all the ,world3 ,and some of these      
indeed 7bessides the ,solitaries of the 
,thebaid1 who wrought for abundance of  
poor ,christians1 sick1 and in          
,captivity7 ,i might bring in1 as such  
who deserv'd to have their ,names       

preserv'd2 not for their rigorous ,fare1
 and uncouth ,disguises2 but for        
teaching that the ,grace of ,temperance 
and other ,vertues1 consisted in a      
cheerful1 innocent1 and profitable      
,conversation4  ,and now to recapitulate
 what other ,prerogatives the ,hortulan 
,provision has been celebrated for1     
bessides its ,antiquity1 ,health and    
,longaevity of the ,antediluvians2 that 
,temperance1 ,frugality1 ,leisure1      
,ease1 and innumerable other ,vertues   
and ,advantages1 which accompany it1 are
 no less attributable to it4 ,let us    
hear our excellent ,botanist #ajf,mr4   
,ray4  ',the ,use of ,plants 7says he7  
is all our ,life long of that universal 
,importance and ,concern1 that we can   
neither live nor subsist in any ,plenty 
with ,decency1 or ,conveniency or be    
said to live indeed at all without them3
 whatsoever ,food is necessary to       
sustain us1 whatsoever contributes to   
delight and refresh us1 are supply'd and
 brought forth out of that plentiful and

 abundant store3 and ah1 how much more  
innocent1 sweet and healthful1 is a     
,table cover'd with these1 than with all
 the reeking ,flesh of butcher'd and    
slaughter'd ,animals3 ,certainly ,man by
 ,nature was never made to be a         
,carnivorous ,creature2 nor is he arm'd 
at all for ,prey and ,rapin1 with gag'd 
and pointed ,teeth and crooked ,claws1  
sharp'ned to rend and tear3 ,but with   
gentle ,hands to gather ,fruit and      
,vegetables1 and with ,teeth to chew and
 eat them3 ,nor do we so much as read   
the ,use of ,flesh for ,food1 was at all
 permitted him1 till after the          
,universal ,deluge1 c4  ,to this might  
we add that transporting ,consideration1
 becoming both our ,veneration and      
,admiration of the infinitely wise and  
glorious ,author of ,nature1 who has    
given to ,plants such astonishing       
,properties2 such fiery ,heat in some to
 warm and cherish1 such ,coolness in    
others to temper and refresh1 such      
pinguid ,juice to nourish and feed the  

,body1 such quickening ,acids to compel 
the ,appetite1 and grateful vehicles to 
court the ,obedience of the ,palate1    
such ,vigour to renew and support our   
natural ,strength1 such ravishing       
,flavour and ,perfumes to recreate and  
delight us3 ,in short1 such spirituous  
and active ,force to animate and revive 
every ,faculty and ,part1 to all the    
kinds of ,human1 and1 ,i had almost said
 ,heavenly ,capacity too4 ,what shall we
 add more8 ,our ,gardens present us with
 them all2 and whilst the ,shambles are 
cover'd with ,gore and ,stench1 our     
,sallets scape the ,insults of the      
,summer ,fly1 purifies and warms the    
,blood against ,winter ,rage3 ,nor wants
 there ,variety in more abundance1 than 
any of the former ,ages could shew4     
,survey we their ,bills of ,fare1 and   
,numbers of ,courses serv'd up by       
,athenaeus1 drest with all the ,garnish 
of ,nicander and other ,grecian ,wits3  
,what has the ,roman ,grand ,sallet     
worth the naming8 ,parat ,convivium1    

,the ,guests are nam'd indeed1 and we   
are told1    ----#ajg,varias1 quas habet
 hortus opes8   ,how richly the         
,garden's stor'd3     ,in quibus est    
,luctuca sedens1  tonsile porrum1   ,nee
 deest ructatrix ,mentha1 nec herba     
salax1 c4          99       99       99 
99       99     ,a ,goodly ,sallet6     
,lettuce1 ,leeks1 ,mint1 ,rocket1       
,colewort-,tops1 with ,oyl and ,eggs1   
and such an ,hotch-,pot following 7as   
the ,cook in ,plautus would deservedly  
laugh at74 ,but how infinitely out-done 
in this ,age of ours1 by the ,variety of
 so many rare ,edules unknown to the    
,ancients1 that there's no room for the 
,comparison4 ,and1 for ,magnificence1   
let the ,sallet drest by the ,lady for  
an ,entertainment made by ,jacobus      
,catsius 7describ'd by the ,poet        
#ajh;,barlaeus7 shew2 not at all yet    
out-doing what we every ,day almost find
 at our ,lord ,mayor's ,table1 and other
 great ,persons1 ,lovers of the         
,gardens2 that sort of elegant ,cookery 

being capable of such wonderful         
,variety1 tho' not altogether wanting of
 old1 if that be true which is related  
to us of #aji,nicomedes a certain ,king 
of ,bithynia1 whose ,cook made him a    
,pilchard 7a ,fish he exceedingly long'd
 for7 of a well dissembl'd ,turnip1     
carv'd in its ,shape1 and drest with    
,oyl1 ,salt1 and ,pepper1 that so       
deceiv'd1 and yet pleased the ,prince1  
that he commended it for the best ,fish 
he had ever eaten4 ,nor does all this   
exceed what every industrious ,gardiner 
may innocently enjoy1 as well as the    
greatest ,potentate on ,earth4          
,vitellius his ,table1 to which every   
,day   ,all ,courtiers did a constant   
,tribute pay1   ,could nothing more     
delicious afford   ,than ,nature's      
,liberality4   ,help'd with a little    
,art and ,industry1   ,allows the       
meanest ,gard'ners ,board1   ,the       
,wanton ,taste no ,fish or ,fowl can    
chuse1   ,for which the ,grape or ,melon
 she would lose4   ,tho' all th'        

,inhabitants of ,sea and ,air4   ,be    
lifted in the ,glutton's ,bill of ,fare2
   ,yet  still the ,sallet1 and the     
,fruit we see   ,plac'd the third ,story
 high in all her ,luxury4   ,so the     
,sweet #aaj,poet1 whom ,i can never part
 with for his ,love to this delicious   
,toil1 and the ,honour he has done me4  
,verily1 the infinite ,plenty and       
,abundance1 with which the benign and   
bountiful ,author of ,nature has stor'd 
the whole ,terrestrial ,world1 more with
 ,plants and ,vegetables than with any  
other ,provision whatsoever2 and the    
,variety not only equal1 but by far     
exceeding the ,pleasure and ,delight of 
,taste 7above all the ,art of the       
,kitchen1 than ever #aaa;,apicius knew7 
seems loudly to call1 and kindly invite 
all her living ,inhabitants 7none       
excepted7 who are of gentle ,nature1 and
 most useful1 to the same ,hospitable   
and ,common-,board1 which first she     
furnish'd with ,plants and ,fruit1 as to
 their natural and genuine ,pasture2    

nay1 and of the most wild1 and savage   
too ab origine3 ,as in ,paradise1 where1
 as the ,evangelical #aab,prophet       
adumbrating the future ,glory of the    
,catholick ,church1 7of which that happy
 ,garden was the ,antitype7 the ,wolf   
and the ,lamb1 the angry and furious    
,lion1 should eat ,grass and ,herbs     
together with the ,ox4 ,but after all1  
latet anguis in herba1 there's a ,snake 
in the ,grass2 ,luxury1 and ,excess in  
our most innocent ,fruitions4 ,there was
 a time indeed when the ,garden         
furnish'd ,entertainments for the most  
,renown'd ,heroes1 virtuous and         
excellent ,persons2 till the            
,blood-thirsty and ,ambitious1          
over-running the ,nations1 and by       
,murders and ,rapine rifl'd the ,world1 
to transplant its ,luxury to its new    
,mistriss1 ,rome4 ,those whom heretofore
 #aactwo ,acres of ,land would have     
satisfied1 and plentifully maintain'd2  
had afterwards their very ,kitchens     
almost as large as their first          

,territories3 ,nor was that enough3     
,entire #aad;,forests and ,parks1       
,warrens and ,fish-,ponds1 and ample    
,lakes to furnish their ,tables1 so as  
,men could not live by one another      
without ,oppression3 ,nay1 and to shew  
how the best1 and most innocent things  
may be perverted2 they chang'd those    
frugal and inemptas ,dapes of their     
,ancestors1 to that ,height and         
,profusion2 that we read of #aae;,edicts
 and ,sumptuary ,laws1 enacted to       
restrain even the ,pride and ,excess of 
,sallets4 ,but so it was not when the   
,pease-,field spread a ,table for the   
,conquerors of the ,world1 and their    
,grounds were cultivated ,vomere        
laureato1  triumphali aratore3 ,the     
greatest ,princes took the ,spade and   
the ,plough-,staff in the same ,hand    
they held the ,sceptre2 and the ,noblest
 #aaf;,families thought it no           
,dishonour1 to derive their ,names from 
,plants and ,sallet-,herbs2 ,they       
arriv'd1 ,i say to that ,pitch of       

ingrossing all that was but green1 and  
could be vary'd by the ,cook 7,heu quam 
prodiga ventris67 that1 as ,pliny tells 
us 7non sine pudore1 not without        
blushing7 a poor ,man could hardly find 
a ,thistle to dress for his ,supper2 or 
what his hungry #aag;,ass would not     
touch1 for fear of pricking his ,lips4  
,verily the ,luxury of the ,east ruin'd 
the greatest ,monarchies2 first1 the    
,persian1 then the ,grecian1 and        
afterwards ,rome her self3 ,by what     
,steps1 see elegantly describ'd in ,old 
#aah;,gratius the ,faliscian1 deploring 
his own ,age compar'd with the former3  
,o quantum1  quoties decoris frustrata  
paterni6   ,at qualis nostris1 quam     
simplex mensa ,camillis6   ,qui tibi    
cultus erat post tot1 serrane1          
triumphos8   ,ergo illi ex habitu1      
virtutisq2 indole priscae1   ,imposuere 
orbi ,romam caput3----    ,neighb'ring  
,excesses being made thine own1   ,how  
art thou fall'n from thine old ,renown6 
,but our ,camilli did but plainly fare1 

,no ,port did oft triumphant ,serran    
bear3   ,therefore such ,hardship1 and  
their ,heart so great   ,gave ,rome to  
be the ,world's ,imperial ,seat4   ,but 
as these were the ,sensual and          
,voluptuous1 who abus'd their ,plenty1  
spent their ,fortunes and shortned their
 ,lives by their ,debauches2 so never   
did they taste the ,delicaces1 and true 
,satisfaction of a sober ,repast1 and   
the infinite ,conveniences of what a    
well-stor'd ,garden affords2 so         
elegantly describ'd by the              
#aai,naturalist1 as costing neither     
,fuel nor ,fire to boil1 ,pains or time 
to gather and prepare1 ,res expedita    
parata semper3 ,all was so near at hand1
 readily drest1 and of so easie         
,digestion2 as neither to offend the    
,brain1 or dull the ,senses2 and in the 
greatest ,dearth of ,corn1 a little     
,bread suffic'd4 ,in all ,events1       
,panis ematur1 ,olus1 ,vini ,sextarius  
adde   ,queis humana sibi doleat natura 
negatis4    ,bread1 ,wine and wholsome  

,sallets you may buy1   ,what ,nature   
adds besides is ,luxury4   ,they could  
then make an honest ,meal1 and dine upon
 a ,sallet without so much as a ,grain1 
of ,exotic ,spice2 ,and the ,potagere   
was in such ,reputation1 that she who   
neglected her ,kitchen-,garden 7for that
 was still the ,good-,woman's ,province7
 was never reputed a tolerable          
,hus-wife3 ,si vespertinus subito te    
oppresserit hospes1 she was never       
surpriz'd1 had all 7as we said7 at hand1
 and could in a ,trice set forth an     
handsome ,sallet3 ,and if this was      
,happiness1 ,convictus facilis sine arte
 mensa 7as the ,poet reckons7 it was    
here in ,perfection4 ,in a ,word1 so    
universal was the ,sallet1 that the     
#abj,un-bloody ,shambles 7as ,pliny     
calls them7 yielded the #aba,roman      
,state a more considerable ,custom 7when
 there was little more than honest      
,cabbage and ,worts7 than almost any    
thing bessides brought to ,market4      
,they spent not then so much precious   

time as afterwards they did1 gorging    
themselves with ,flesh and ,fish1 so as 
hardly able to rise1 without reeking and
 reeling from ,table4    #abb----,vides 
ut pallidus omnis   ,coena desurgat     
dubia8 quin corpus onustum   ,hesternis 
vitiis1 animum quoque praegravat una1   
,atque affigit humo divinae particulam  
aurae4    ,see but how pale they look1  
how wretchedly1   ,with ,yesterday's    
,surcharge disturb'd they be6   ,nor    
,body only suff'ring1 but the ,mind1    
,that nobler ,part1 dull'd and depress'd
 we find4   ,drowsie and unapt for      
,business1 and other nobler ,parts of   
,life4   ,time was before ,men in those 
golden ,days3 ,their ,spirits were brisk
 and lively4    ----,ubi dicto citius   
curata sopori   ,membra dedit1 ,vegetus 
praescripta ad munera surgit4    ,with  
shorter1 but much sweeter ,sleep        
content1   ,vigorous and fresh1 about   
their ,business went4   ,and ,men had   
their ,wits about them2 their ,appetites
 were natural1 their ,sleep molli sub   

arbore1 sound1 sweet1 and kindly3 ,that 
excellent ,emperour ,tacitus being us'd 
to say of ,lettuce1 that he did somnum  
se mercari when he eat of them1 and     
call'd it a sumptuous ,feast1 with a    
,sallet and a single ,pullet1 which was 
usually all the ,flesh-,meat that sober 
,prince eat of2 whilst ,maximinus 7a    
profess'd ,enemy to ,sallet7 is reported
 to have scarce been satisfied1 with    
sixty ,pounds of ,flesh1 and ,drink     
proportionable4  ,there was then also   
less expensive ,grandure1 but far more  
true ,state2 when ,consuls1 great       
,statesmen 7and such as atchiev'd the   
most renown'd ,actions7 sup'd in their  
,gardens2 not under costly1 gilded1 and 
inlaid ,roofs1 but the spreading        
,platan2 and drank of the ,chrystal     
,brook1 and by ,temperance1 and healthy 
,frugality1 maintain'd the ,glory of    
,sallets1 ,ah1 quanta innocentiore      
victu6 with what ,content and           
,satisfaction6 ,nor1 as we said1 wanted 
there ,variety2 for so in the most      

blissful ,place1 and innocent ,state of 
,nature1 ,see how the first ,empress of 
the ,world ,regal's her ,celestial      
,guest3    #abc,with sav'ry ,fruit of   
,taste to please   ,true ,appetite1 ----
 and brings   ,whatever ,earth's        
all-bearing ,mother yields   ----,fruit 
of all kinds1 in ,coat   ,rough1 or     
smooth-,rind1 or bearded ,husk1 or      
,shell4   ,heaps with unsparing ,hand3  
,for ,drink the ,grape   ,she crushes1  
inoffensive ,moust1 and ,meaches   ,from
 many a ,berry1 and from sweet ,kernel  
prest1   ,she temper'd dulcid           
,creams4----   ,then for the ,board4    
----,rais'd of a grassy ,turf   ,the    
,table was1 and ,mossy ,seats had round2
   ,and on the ample ,meaths from ,side 
to ,side1   ,all ,autumn pil'd3 ,ah     
,innocence1   ,deserving ,paradise6     
,thus1 the ,hortulan ,provision of the  
#abd;,golden ,age fitted all ,places1   
,times and ,persons2 and when ,man is   
restor'd to that ,state again1 it will  
be as it was in the ,beginning4  ,but   

now after all 7and for ,close of all7   
,let none yet imagine1 that whilst we   
justifie our present ,subject through   
all the ,topics of ,panegyric1 we would 
in ,favour of the ,sallet1 drest with   
all its ,pomp and ,advantage turn       
,mankind to ,grass again2 which were    
ungratefully to neglect the ,bounty of  
,heaven1 as well as his ,health and     
,comfort3 ,but by these ,noble          
,instances and ,examples1 to reproach   
the ,luxury of the present ,age2 and by 
shewing the infinite ,blessing and      
,effects of ,temperance1 and the        
,vertues accompanying it2 with how      
little ,nature1 and a #abe;,civil       
,appetite may be happy1 contented with  
moderate things1 and within a little    
,compass1 reserving the rest1 to the    
nobler ,parts of ,life4 ,and thus of    
old1    ,hoc erat in votis1 modus agri  
non ita magnus1 a4  ,he that was        
possess'd of a little ,spot of ,ground1 
and wellcultivated ,garden1 with other  
moderate ,circumstances1 had            

#abf;,haeredium4 ,all that a modest ,man
 could well desire4 ,then1              
#abg;,happy the ,man1 who from ,ambition
 freed1   ,a little ,garden1 little     
,field does feed4   ,the ,field gives   
frugal ,nature what's requird2   ,the   
,garden what's luxuriously desir'd3     
,the specious ,evils of an anxious      
,life1   ,he leaves to ,fools to be     
their endless ,strife4   ,o ,fortunatos 
nimium bona si sua norint ,horticulos6  
,,finis          99       99       99   
99       99     ,,appendix   ,tho' it   
was far from our first ,intention to    
charge this small ,volume and ,discourse
 concerning ,crude ,sallets1 with any of
 the following ,receipts3 ,yet having   
since received them from an ,experienc'd
 ,housewife2 and that they may possibly 
be useful to correct1 preserve and      
improve our ,acetaria1 we have allow'd  
them ,place as an ,appendant ,variety   
upon ,occasion3 ,nor account we it the  
least ,dishonour to our former          
,treatise1 that we kindly entertain'd   

them2 since 7besides divers ,learned    
,physicians1 and such as have ex        
professo written de ,re ,cibaria7 we    
have the ,examples of many other        
#abh,noble and ,illustrious ,persons    
both among the ,ancient and ,modern4    
#a4 ,artichoak4 ,clear it of the ,leaves
 and cut the ,bottoms in pretty thin    
,slices or ,quarters2 then fry them in  
fresh ,butter with some ,parsley1 till  
it is crisp1 and the ,slices tender2 and
 so dish them with other fresh melted   
,butter4  ,how a ,poiverade is made1 and
 the ,bottoms preserv'd all the ,winter1
 ,see ,acetaria4 p4 #e1 #f4             
,ashen-keys4 ,see ,pickle4  ,asparagus4 
,see ,pickle4    ,beets4      ,broom4   
,buds4       ,see ,pickle4   ,capers4   
_/  ,carrot4 ,see ,pudding4             
,champignon4 ,see ,mushroom4   #b4      
,chessnut4 ,roasted under the ,embers1  
or dry fryed1 till they shell1 and quit 
their ,husks1 may be slit2 the ,juice of
 ,orange squeezed on a ,lump of hard    
,sugar dissolv'd2 to which add some     

,claret ,wine4    ,collyflower4         
,cucumber4           ,elder flowers4    
,see ,pickle4   ,flowers4               
,gilly-flowers4   _/  ,herbs4 ,see      
,pudding and ,tart4  ,limon4 ,see       
,pickle4   #c4 ,mushroom4 ,chuse the    
small1 firm and white ,buttons1 growing 
upon sweet ,pasture ,grounds1 neither   
under1 or about any ,trees3 strip off   
the upper ,skin1 and pare away all the  
black spungy ,bottom part2 then slice   
them in quarters1 and cast them in      
,water a while to cleanse3 ,then ,boil  
them in fresh ,water1 and a little sweet
 ,butter2 7some boil them a quarter of  
an hour first7 and then taking them out1
 dry them in a ,cloth1 pressing out the 
,water1 and whilst hot1 add the ,butter2
 and then boiling a full ,hour 7to      
exhaust the ,malignity7 shift them in   
another clean ,water1 with ,butter1 as  
before till they become sufficiently    
tender4 ,then being taken out1 pour upon
 them as much strong ,mutton 7or other7 
,broth as will cover them1 with six     

,spoonfuls of ,white-,wine1 twelve      
,cloves1 as many ,pepper-,corns1 four   
small young ,onions1 half an ,handful of
 ,persly bound up with two or three     
,spriggs of ,thyme1 an ,anchovy1        
,oysters raw1 or pickl'd2 a little      
,salt1 sweet ,butter2 and so let them   
stew4 ,see ,acetar4 p4 #bf4   ,another4 
,prepared1 and cleans'd as above1 and   
cast into ,fountain-,water1 to preserve 
them from growing black2 ,boil them in  
fresh ,water and ,salt2 and whilst on   
the ,fire1 cast in the ,mushrooms1      
letting them boil till they become      
tender3 ,then stew them leisurely       
between two ,dishes 7the ,water being   
drained from them7 in a third ,part of  
,white-,wine and ,butter1 a small       
,bundle of sweet ,herbs at discretion4  
,to these add ,broth as before1 with    
,cloves1 ,mace1 ,nutmeg1 ,anchovies 7one
 is sufficient7 ,oysters1 c4 a small    
,onion1 with the green ,stem chopt      
small2 and lastly1 some ,mutton-,gravy1 
rubbing the ,dish gently with a ,clove  

of ,garlick1 or some ,rocombo ,seeds in 
its stead4 ,some beat the ,yolk of a    
fresh ,egg with ,vinegar1 and ,butter1  
and a little ,pepper4  ,in ,france some 
7more compendiously being peel'd and    
prepared7 cast them into a ,pipkin1     
where1 with the ,sweet ,herbs1 ,spices1 
and an ,onion they stew them in their   
own ,juice1 without any other ,water or 
,liquor at all2 and then taking out the 
,herbs and ,onion1 thicken it with a    
little ,butter1 and so eat them4   ,in  
,poiverade4   ,the large ,mushrooms well
 cleansed1 c4 being cut into quarters   
and strewed with ,pepper and ,salt1 are 
broil'd on the ,grid-iron1 and eaten    
with fresh ,butter4   ,in ,powder4      
,being fresh gathered1 cleans'd1 c4 and 
cut in ,pieces1 stew them in ,water and 
,salt2 and being taken forth1 dry them  
with a ,cloth3 ,then putting them into  
an ,earth-,glazed ,pot1 set them into   
the ,oven after the ,bread is drawn3    
,repeat this till they are perfectly    
dry2 and reserve them in ,papers to     

crumble into what ,sauce you please4    
,for the rest1 see ,pickle4   #d4       
,mustard4 ,procure the best and         
weightiest ,seed3 cast it into ,water   
two or three times1 till no more of the 
,husk arise3 ,then taking out the sound 
7which will sink to the ,bottom7 rub it 
very dry in warm course ,cloths1 shewing
 it also a little to the ,fire in a     
,dish or ,pan4 ,then stamp it as small  
as to pass through a fine ,tiffany      
,sieve3 ,then slice some ,horse-,radish 
and lay it to soak in strong ,vinegar1  
with a small ,lump of hard ,sugar 7which
 some leave out7 to temper the ,flower  
with1 being drained from the ,radish1   
and so pot it all in a ,glaz'd ,mug1    
with an ,onion1 and keep it well stop'd 
with a ,cork upon a ,bladder1 which is  
the more cleanly3 ,but this ,receit is  
improv'd1 if instead of ,vinegar1 ,water
 only1 or the ,broth of powder'd ,beef  
be made use of4 ,and to some of this    
,mustard adding ,verjuice1 ,sugar1      
,claret-,wine1 and ,juice of ,limon1 you

 have an excellent ,sauce to any sort of
 ,flesh or ,fish4  ,note1 that a ,pint  
of good ,seed is enough to make at one  
time1 and to keep fresh a competent     
while4 ,what part of it does not pass   
the ,sarse1 may be beaten again2 and you
 may reserve the ,flower in a well      
closed ,glass1 and make fresh ,mustard  
when you please4 ,see ,acetaria1 p4 #ch1
 #fg4  ,nasturtium4 ,vide ,pickle4      
,orange4 ,see ,limon in ,pickle4   #e4  
,parsnip4 ,take the large ,roots1 boil  
them1 and strip the ,skin3 ,then slit   
them long-ways into pretty thin ,slices2
 ,flower and fry them in fresh ,butter  
till they look brown4 ,the sauce is     
other sweet ,butter melted4 ,some strow 
,sugar and ,cinamon upon them4 ,thus you
 may accomodate other ,roots4  ,there is
 made a ,mash or ,pomate of this ,root1 
being boiled very tender with a little  
fresh ,cream2 and being heated again1   
put to it some ,butter1 a little ,sugar 
and ,juice of ,limon2 dish it upon      
,sippets2 sometimes a few ,corinths are 

added4  ,peny-royal4 ,see ,pudding4     
,pickles4   #f4 ,pickl'd    ,artichoaks4
 ,see ,acetaria1 p4 #e4   #g4           
,ashen-keys4 ,gather them young1 and    
boil them in three or four ,waters to   
extract the ,bitterness2 and when they  
feel tender1 prepare a ,syrup of sharp  
,white-,wine ,vinegar1 ,sugar1 and a    
little ,water4 ,then boil them on a very
 quick ,fire1 and they will become of a 
green ,colour1 fit to be potted so soon 
as cold4   #h4 ,asparagus4 ,break off   
the hard ,ends1 and put them in         
,white-,wine ,vinegar and ,salt1 well   
covered with it2 and so let them remain 
for six ,weeks3 ,then taking them out1  
boil the ,liquor or ,pickle1 and scum it
 carefully4 ,if need be1 renew the      
,vinegar and ,salt2 and when 'tis cold1 
pot them up again4 ,thus may one keep   
them the whole ,year4   #i4 ,beans4     
,take such as are fresh1 young1 and     
approaching their full ,growth4 ,put    
them into a strong ,brine of            
,white-,wine ,vinegar and ,salt able to 

bear an ,egg4 ,cover them very close1   
and so will they be preserved twelve    
,months3 ,but a ,month before you use   
them1 take out what ,quantity you think 
sufficient for your spending a quarter  
of a ,year 7for so long the second      
,pickle will keep them sound7 and boil  
them in a ,skillet of fresh ,water1 till
 they begin to look green1 as they soon 
will do4 ,then placing them one by one1 
7to drain upon a clean course ,napkin7  
range them ,row by ,row in a ,jarr1 and 
cover them with ,vinegar1 and what      
,spice you please2 some ,weight being   
laid upon them to keep them under the   
,pickle4 ,thus you may preserve         
,french-,beans1 ,harico's1 c4 the whole 
,year about4   #aj4 ,broom-,buds and    
,pods4 ,make a strong ,pickle1 as above2
 stir it very well1 till the ,salt be   
quite dissolved1 clearing off the ,dregs
 and ,scum4 ,the next ,day pour it from 
the ,bottom2 and having rubbed the ,buds
 dry pot them up in a ,pickle-,glass1   
which should be frequently shaken1 till 

they sink under it1 and keep it well    
stopt and covered4  ,thus may you-pickle
 any other ,buds4 ,or as follows3   #aa4
 ,of ,elder4 ,take the largest ,buds1   
and boil them in a ,skillet with ,salt  
and ,water1 sufficient only to scald    
them2 and so 7being taken off the ,fire7
 let them remain covered till ,green2   
and then pot them with ,vinegar and     
,salt1 which has had one ,boil up to    
cleanse it4   #ab4 ,collyflowers4 ,boil 
them till they fall in ,pieces3 ,then   
with some of the ,stalk1 and worst of   
the ,flower1 boil it in a part of the   
,liquor till pretty strong3 ,then being 
taken off1 strain it2 and when settled1 
clear it from the ,bottom4 ,then with   
,dill1 ,gross ,pepper1 a pretty         
,quantity of ,salt1 when cold1 add as   
much ,vinegar as will make it sharp1 and
 pour all upon the ,collyflower2 and so 
as to keep them from touching one       
another2 which is prevented by putting  
,paper close to them4  ,cornelians are  
pickled like ,olives4   #ac4 ,cowslips4 

,pick very clean2 to each ,pound of     
,flowers allow about one ,pound of ,loaf
 ,sugar1 and one ,pint of ,white-,wine  
,vinegar1 which boil to a ,syrup1 and   
cover it scalding-hot4 ,thus you may    
pickle ,clove-gillyflowers1 ,elder1 and 
other ,flowers1 which being eaten alone1
 make a very agreeable ,salletine4      
#ad4 ,cucumbers4 ,take the ,gorkems1 or 
smaller ,cucumbers2 put them into       
,rape-,vinegar1 and boyl1 and cover them
 so close1 as none of the ,vapour may   
issue forth2 and also let them stand    
till the next day3 ,then boil them in   
fresh ,white-,wine ,vinegar1 with large 
,mace1 ,nutmeg1 ,ginger1 white ,pepper1 
and a little ,salt1 7according to       
discretion7 straining the former ,liquor
 from the ,cucumbers2 and so place them 
in a ,jarr1 or wide mouthed ,glass1     
laying a litle ,dill and ,fennel between
 each ,rank2 and covering all with the  
fresh scalding-hot ,pickle1 keep all    
close1 and repeat it daily1 till you    
find them sufficiently green4  ,in the  

same sort ,cucumbers of the largest     
size1 being peel'd and cut into thin    
,slices1 are very delicate4   ,another4 
,wiping them clean1 put them in a very  
strong ,brine of ,water and ,salt1 to   
soak two or three ,hours or longer1 if  
you see ,cause3 ,then range them in the 
,jarr or ,barrellet with ,herbs and     
,spice as usual2 and cover them with hot
 ,liquor made of two parts              
,beer-,vinegar1 and one of ,white-,wine 
,vinegar3 ,let all be very well closed4 
,a ,fortnight after scald the ,pickle   
again1 and repeat it1 as above3 ,thus   
they will keep longer1 and from being so
 soon sharp1 eat crimp and well tasted1 
tho' not altogether so green4 ,you may  
add a ,walnut-,leaf1 ,hysop1 ,costmary1 
c4 and as some do1 strow on them a      
little ,powder of ,roch-,allom1 which   
makes them firm and eatable within a    
,month or six ,weeks after4   ,mango of 
,cucumbers4   ,take the biggest         
,cucumbers 7and most of the ,mango size7
 that look green3 ,open them on the ,top

 or ,side2 and scooping out the ,seeds1 
supply their ,place with a small ,clove 
of ,garlick1 or some ,roccombo ,seeds4  
,then put them into an ,earthen ,glazed 
,jarr1 or wide-mouth'd ,glass1 with as  
much ,white-,wine ,vinegar as will cover
 them4 ,boil them in the ,vinegar with  
,pepper1 ,cloves1 ,mace1 c4 and when off
 the ,fire1 as much ,salt as will make a
 gentle ,brine2 and so pour all         
boyling-hot on the ,cucumbers1 covering 
them close till the next ,day4 ,then put
 them with a little ,dill1 and ,pickle  
into a large ,skillet2 and giving them a
 ,boyl or two1 return them into the     
,vessel again3 ,and when all is cold1   
add a good ,spoonful of the best        
,mustard1 keeping it from the ,air1 and 
so have you an excellent ,mango4 ,when  
you have occasion to take any out1 make 
use of a ,spoon1 and not your ,fingers4 
,elder4 ,see ,buds4  ,flowers4 ,see     
,cowslips1 and for other ,flowers4      
#ae4 ,limon4 ,take ,slices of the thick 
,rind ,limon1 ,boil and shift them in   

several ,waters1 till they are pretty   
tender3 ,then drain and wipe them dry   
with a clean ,cloth2 and make a ,pickle 
with a little ,white-,wine ,vinegar1 one
 part to two of fair ,water1 and a      
little ,sugar1 carefully scum'd4 ,when  
all is cold1 pour it on the peel'd      
,rind1 and cover it all close in a      
convenient ,glass ,jarr4 ,some make a   
,syrup of ,vinegar1 ,white-,wine and    
,sugar not too thick1 and pour it on    
hot4   #af4 ,melon4 ,the abortive and   
after-,fruit of ,melons being pickled as
 ,cucumber1 make an excellent ,sallet4  
#ag4 ,mushrom4 ,take a ,quart of the    
best ,white-,wine ,vinegar2 as much of  
,white-,wine1 ,cloves1 ,mace1 ,nutmeg a 
pretty ,quantity1 beaten together3 ,let 
the ,spice boil therein to the          
,consumption of half2 then taken off1   
and being cold1 pour the ,liquour on the
 ,mushroms2 but leave out the boiled    
,spice1 and cast in of the same sort of 
,spice whole1 the ,nutmeg only slit in  
,quarters1 with some ,limon-,peel1 white

 ,pepper2 and if you please a whole raw 
,onion1 which take out again when it    
begins to perish4   ,another4   ,the    
,mushroms peel'd1 c4 throw them into    
,water1 and then into a ,sauce-,pan1    
with some long ,pepper1 ,cloves1 ,mace1 
a quarter'd ,nutmeg1 with an ,onion1    
,shallot1 or ,roccombo-,seed1 and a     
little ,salt4 ,let them all boil a      
quarter of an hour on a very quick      
,fire3 ,then take out and cold1 with a  
pretty ,quantity of the former ,spice1  
boil them in some ,white-,wine2 which   
7being cold7 cast upon the ,mushroms1   
and fill up the ,pot with the best      
,white-,wine1 a ,bay-,leaf or two1 and  
an ,handful of ,salt3 ,then cover them  
with the ,liquor2 and if for long       
keeping1 pour ,sallet-,oil over all1    
tho' they will be preserved a ,year     
without it4  ,they are sometimes boil'd 
in ,salt and ,water1 with some ,milk1   
and laying them in the ,colender to     
drain1 till cold1 and wiped dry1 cast   
them into the ,pickle with the          

,white-,wine1 ,vinegar and ,salt1 grated
 ,nutmeg1 ,ginger bruised1 ,cloves1     
,mace1 white ,pepper and ,limon-,peel2  
pour the ,liquor on them cold without   
boiling4   #ah4 ,nasturtium ,indicum4   
,gather the ,buds before they open to   
flower2 lay them in the ,shade three or 
four ,hours1 and putting them into an   
,earthen ,glazed ,vessel1 pour good     
,vinegar on them1 and cover it with a   
,board4 ,thus letting it stand for eight
 or ten ,days3 ,then being taken out1   
and gently press'd1 cast them into fresh
 ,vinegar1 and let them so remain as    
long as before4 ,repeat this a third    
time1 and ,barrel them up with ,vinegar 
and a little ,salt4  ,orange4 ,see      
,limon4   #bj4 ,potato4 ,the small green
 ,fruit 7when about the size of the     
,wild ,cherry7 being pickled1 is an     
agreeable ,sallet4 ,but the ,root being 
roasted under the ,embers1 or otherwise1
 open'd with a ,knife1 the ,pulp is     
butter'd in the ,skin1 of which it will 
take up a good ,quantity1 and is        

seasoned with a little ,salt and        
,pepper4 ,some eat them with ,sugar     
together in the ,skin1 which has a      
pleasant ,crimpness4 ,they are also     
stew'd and bak'd in ,pyes1 c4   #ba4    
,purselan4 ,lay the ,stalks in an       
,earthen ,pan2 then cover them with     
,beer-,vinegar and ,water1 keeping them 
down with a competent ,weight to imbibe1
 three ,days3 ,being taken out1 put them
 into a ,pot with as much ,white-,wine  
,vinegar as will cover them again2 and  
close the ,lid with ,paste to keep in   
the ,steam3 ,then set them on the ,fire 
for three or four ,hours1 often shaking 
and stirring them3 ,then open the       
,cover1 and turn and remove those       
,stalks which lie at the ,bottom1 to the
 ,top1 and boil them as before1 till    
they are all of a ,colour4 ,when all is 
cold1 pot them with fresh ,white-,wine  
,vinegar1 and so you may preserve them  
the whole ,year round4   #bb4 ,radish4  
,the ,seed-,pods of this ,root being    
pickl'd1 are a pretty ,sallet4   #bc4   

,sampier4 ,let it be gathered about     
,michaelmas 7or the ,spring7 and put two
 or three hours into a ,brine of ,water 
and ,salt2 then into a clean ,tin'd     
,brass ,pot1 with three parts of strong 
,white-,wine ,vinegar1 and one part of  
,water and ,salt1 or as much as will    
cover the ,sampier1 keeping the ,vapour 
from issuing out1 by pasting down the   
,pot-lid1 and so hang it over the ,fire 
for half an ,hour only4 ,being taken    
off1 let it remain covered till it be   
cold2 and then put it up into small     
,barrels or ,jars1 with the ,liquor1 and
 some fresh ,vinegar1 ,water and ,salt2 
and thus it will keep very green4 ,if   
you be near the ,sea1 that ,water will  
supply the place of ,brine4 ,this is the
 ,dover ,receit4   #bd4 ,walnuts4       
,gather the ,nuts young1 before they    
begin to harden1 but not before the     
,kernel is pretty white3 ,steep them in 
as much ,water as will more than cover  
them4 ,then set them on the ,fire1 and  
when the water boils1 and grows black1  

pour it off1 and supply it with fresh1  
boiling it as before1 and continuing to 
shift it till it become clear1 and the  
,nuts pretty tender3 ,then let them be  
put into clean ,spring ,water for two   
,days1 changing it as before with fresh1
 two or three times within this space3  
,then lay them to drain1 and dry on a   
clean course ,cloth1 and put them up in 
a ,glass ,jar1 with a few ,walnut       
,leaves1 ,dill1 ,cloves1 ,pepper1 whole 
,mace and ,salt2 strowing them under    
every ,layer of ,nuts1 till the ,vessel 
be three quarters full2 and lastly1     
replenishing it with the best ,vinegar1 
keep it well covered2 and so they will  
be fit to spend within three ,months4   
,to make a ,mango with them4   ,the     
green ,nuts prepared as before1 cover   
the ,bottom of the ,jar with some ,dill1
 an ,handful of ,bay-,salt1 c4 and then 
a ,bed of ,nuts2 and so stratum upon    
stratum1 as above1 adding to the ,spice 
some ,roccombo-,seeds2 and filling the  
rest of the ,jar with the best          

,white-,wine ,vinegar1 mingled with the 
best ,mustard2 and to let them remain   
close covered1 during two or three      
,months time3 ,and thus have you a more 
agreeable ,mango than what is brought us
 from abroad2 which you may use in any  
,sauce1 and is of it self a rich        
,condiment4   ,thus far ,pickles4   #be4
 ,potage ,maigre4 ,take four ,quarts of 
,spring-,water1 two or three ,onions    
stuck with some ,cloves1 two or three   
,slices of ,limon ,peel1 ,salt1 whole   
white ,pepper1 ,mace1 a ,raze or two of 
,ginger1 tied up in a fine ,cloth 7,lawn
 or ,tiffany7 and make all boil for half
 an ,hour2 ,then having ,spinage1       
,sorrel1 white ,beet-,chard1 a little   
,cabbage1 a few small ,tops of ,cives1  
wash'd and pick'd clean1 shred them     
well1 and cast them into the ,liquor1   
with a ,pint of blue ,pease boil'd soft 
and strain'd1 with a ,bunch of sweet    
,herbs1 the ,top and ,bottom of a       
,french ,roll2 and so suffer it to boil 
during three ,hours2 and then dish it   

with another small ,french ,roll1 and   
,slices about the ,dish3 ,some cut      
,bread in slices1 and frying them brown 
7being dried7 put them into the ,pottage
 just as it is going to be eaten4  ,the 
same ,herbs1 clean wash'd1 broken and   
pulled asunder only1 being put in a     
close cover'd ,pipkin1 without any other
 ,water or ,liquor1 will stew in their  
own ,juice and ,moisture4 ,some add an  
whole ,onion1 which after a while should
 be taken out1 remembring to season it  
with ,salt and ,spice1 and serve it up  
with ,bread and a ,piece of fresh       
,butter4   #bf4 ,pudding of ,carrot4    
,pare off some of the ,crust of         
,manchet-,bread1 and grate of half as   
much of the rest as there is of the     
,root1 which must also be grated3 ,then 
take half a ,pint of fresh ,cream or    
,new ,milk1 half a ,pound of fresh      
,butter1 six new laid ,eggs 7taking out 
three of the ,whites7 mash and mingle   
them well with the ,cream and ,butter3  
,then put in the grated ,bread and      

,carrot1 with near half a ,pound of     
,sugar2 and a little ,salt2 some grated 
,nutmeg and beaten ,spice2 and pour all 
into a convenient ,dish or ,pan1        
butter'd1 to keep the ,ingredients from 
sticking and burning2 set it in a quick 
,oven for about an ,hour1 and so have   
you a ,composition for any              
,root-,pudding4   #bg4 ,penny-royal4    
,the ,cream1 ,eggs1 ,spice1 c4 as above1
 but not so much ,sugar and ,salt3 ,take
 a pretty ,quantity of ,peny-royal and  
,marigold flower1 c4 very well shred1   
and mingle with the ,cream1 ,eggs1 c4   
four spoonfuls of ,sack2 half a ,pint   
more of ,cream1 and almost a ,pound of  
,beef-,suet chopt very small1 the       
,gratings of a ,two-penny ,loaf1 and    
stirring all well together1 put it into 
a ,bag flower'd and tie it fast4 ,it    
will be boil'd within an ,hour3 ,or may 
be baked in the ,pan like the           
,carrot-,pudding4 ,the sauce is for     
both1 a little ,rose-water1 less        
,vinegar1 with ,butter beaten together  

and poured on it sweetned with the      
,sugar ,caster4  ,of this ,plant        
discreetly dried1 is made a most wholsom
 and excellent ,tea4   #bh4 ,of         
,spinage4 ,take a sufficient ,quantity  
of ,spinach1 stamp and strain out the   
,juice2 put to it grated ,manchet1 the  
,yolk of as many ,eggs as in the former 
,composition of the ,carrot-,pudding2   
some ,marrow shred small1 ,nutmeg1      
,sugar1 some ,corinths1 7if you please7 
a few ,carroways1 ,rose1 or             
,orange-flower ,water 7as you best like7
 to make it grateful4 ,mingle all with a
 little boiled ,cream2 and set the ,dish
 or ,pan in the ,oven1 with a ,garnish  
of ,puff-,paste4 ,it will require but   
very moderate ,baking4 ,thus have you   
,receits for ,herb ,puddings4   #bi4    
,skirret-,milk ,is made by boiling the  
,roots tender1 and the ,pulp strained   
out1 put into ,cream or new ,milk       
boiled1 with three or four ,yolks of    
,eggs1 ,sugar1 large ,mace and other    
,spice1 c4 ,and thus is composed any    

other ,root-,milk4 ,see ,acetar4 p4 #db4
   #cj4 ,tansie4 ,take the ,gratings or 
,slices of three ,naples-,biscuits1 put 
them into half a ,pint of ,cream2 with  
twelve fresh ,eggs1 four of the ,whites 
cast out1 strain the rest1 and break    
them with two ,spoonfuls of ,rose-water1
 a little ,salt and ,sugar1 half a      
grated ,nutmeg3 ,and when ready for the 
,pan1 put almost a ,pint of the ,juice  
of ,spinach1 ,cleaver1 ,beets1          
,corn-,sallet1 ,green ,corn1 ,violet1 or
 ,primrose tender ,leaves1 7for of any  
of these you may take your choice7 with 
a very small ,sprig of ,tansie1 and let 
it be fried so as to look green in the  
,dish1 with a ,strew of ,sugar and store
 of the ,juice of ,orange3 some affect  
to have it fryed a little brown and     
crisp4   #ca4 ,tart of ,herbs4 ,an      
,herb-,tart is made thus3 ,boil fresh   
,cream or ,milk1 with a little grated   
,bread or ,naples-,biscuit 7which is    
better7 to thicken it2 a pretty         
,quantity of ,chervile1 ,spinach1 ,beete

 7or what other ,herb you please7 being 
first par-boil'd and chop'd4 ,then add  
,macaron1 or ,almonds beaten to a       
,paste1 a little sweet ,butter1 the     
,yolk of five ,eggs1 three of the       
,whites rejected4 ,to these some add    
,corinths plump'd in ,milk1 or boil'd   
therein1 ,sugar1 ,spice at ,discretion1 
and stirring it all together over the   
,fire1 bake it in the ,tart-,pan4   #cb4
 ,thistle4 ,take the long ,stalks of the
 middle ,leaf of the ,milky-,thistle1   
about ,may1 when they are young and     
tender3 wash and scrape them1 and boil  
them in ,water1 with a little ,salt1    
till they are very soft1 and so let them
 lie to drain4 ,they are eaten with     
fresh ,butter melted not too thin1 and  
is a delicate and wholsome ,dish4 ,other
 ,stalks of the same kind may so be     
treated1 as the ,bur1 being tender and  
disarmed of its ,prickles1 c4   #cc4    
,trufles1 and other ,tubers1 and        
,boleti1 are roasted whole in the       
,embers2 then slic'd and stew'd in      

strong ,broth with ,spice1 c4 as        
,mushroms are4 ,vide ,acetar4 p4 #bh4   
#cd4 ,turnep4 ,take their ,stalks 7when 
they begin to run up to seed7 as far as 
they will easily break downwards3 ,peel 
and tie them in ,bundles4 ,then boiling 
them as they do ,sparagus1 are to be    
eaten with melted ,butter4 ,lastly1     
#ce4 ,minc'd1 or ,sallet-all-sorts4     
,take ,almonds blanch'd in cold ,water1 
cut them round and thin1 and so leave   
them in the ,water2 ,then have pickl'd  
,cucumbers1 ,olives1 ,cornelians1       
,capers1 ,berberries1 ,red-,beet1 ,buds 
of ,nasturtium1 ,broom1 c4              
,purslan-stalk1 ,sampier1 ,ash-,keys1   
,walnuts1 ,mushrooms 7and almost of all 
the pickl'd ,furniture7 with ,raisins of
 the ,sun ston'd1 ,citron and           
,orange-,peel1 ,corinths 7well cleansed 
and dried7 c4 mince them severally      
7except the ,corinths7 or all together2 
and strew them over with any ,candy'd   
,flowers1 and so dispose of them in the 
same ,dish both mixt1 and by themselves4

 ,to these add roasted ,maroons1        
,pistachios1 ,pine-,kernels1 and of     
,almonds four times as much as of the   
rest1 with some ,rose-water4 ,here also 
come in the ,pickled ,flowers and       
,vinegar in little ,china ,dishes4 ,and 
thus have you an ,universal             
,winter-,sallet1 or an ,all sort in     
,compendium1 fitted for a ,city ,feast1 
and distinguished from the              
,grand-,sallet3 which shou'd consist of 
the ,green blanch'd and unpickled1 under
 a stately ,pennash of ,sellery1 adorn'd
 with ,buds and ,flowers4   ,and thus   
have we presented you a ,taste of our   
,english ,garden ,housewifry in the     
matter of ,sallets3 ,and though some of 
them may be ,vulgar1 7as are most of the
 best things27 ,yet she was willing to  
impart them1 to shew the ,plenty1       
,riches and ,variety of the             
,sallet-,garden3 ,and to justifie what  
has been asserted of the ,possibility of
 living 7not unhappily7 on ,herbs and   
,plants1 according to ,original and     

,divine ,institution1 improved by ,time 
and long ,experience4 ,and if we have   
admitted ,mushroms among the rest       
7contrary to our ,intention1 and for    
,reasons given1 ,acet4 p4 #dc47 since   
many will by no means abandon them1 we  
have endeavoured to preserve them from  
those pernicious ,effects which are     
attributed to1 and really in them3 ,we  
cannot tell indeed whether they were so 
treated and accommodated for the most   
,luxurious of the ,caesarean ,tables1   
when that ,monarchy was in its highest  
,strain of ,epicurism1 and ingross'd    
this ,haugout for their second ,course2 
whilst this we know1 that 'tis but what 
,nature affords all her ,vagabonds under
 every ,hedge4  ,and now1 that our      
,sallets may not want a ,glass of       
generous ,wine of the same ,growth with 
the rest of the ,garden to recommend it1
 let us have your ,opinion of the       
following4   ,cowslip-,wine4 ,to every  
,gallon of ,water put two ,pounds of    
,sugar2 boil it an ,hour1 and set it to 

cool3 ,then spread a good brown ,toast  
on both ,sides with ,yeast3 ,but before 
you make use of it1 beat some ,syrup of 
,citron with it1 an ,ounce and half of  
,syrup to each ,gallon of ,liquor3 ,then
 put in the ,toast whilst hot1 to assist
 its ,fermentation1 which will cease in 
two ,days2 during which time cast in the
 ,cowslip-,flowers 7a little bruised1   
but not much stamp'd7 to the ,quantity  
of half a ,bushel to ten ,gallons 7or   
rather three ,pecks7 four ,limons       
slic'd1 with the ,rinds and all4        
,lastly1 one ,pottle of ,white or       
,rhenish ,wine2 and then after two      
,days1 tun it up in a sweet ,cask4 ,some
 leave out all the ,syrup4  ,and here1  
before we conclude1 since there is      
nothing of more constant ,use than good 
,vinegar2 or that has so near an        
,affinity to all our ,acetaria1 we think
 it not amiss to add the following 7much
 approved7 ,receit4  ,vinegar4 ,to every
 ,gallon of ,spring ,water let there be 
allowed three ,pounds of                

,malaga-,raisins3 ,put them in an       
,earthen ,jarr1 and place them where    
they may have the hottest ,sun1 from    
,may till ,michaelmas3 ,then pressing   
them well1 ,tun the ,liquor up in a very
 strong ,iron-,hooped ,vessel to prevent
 its bursting4 ,it will appear very     
thick and muddy when newly press'd1 but 
will refine in the ,vessel1 and be as   
clear as ,wine4 ,thus let it remain     
untouched for three ,months1 before it  
be drawn off1 and it will prove         
,excellent ,vinegar4  ,butter4 ,butter  
being likewise so frequent and necessary
 an ,ingredient to divers of the        
foregoing ,appendants3 ,it should be    
carefully melted1 that it turn not to an
 ,oil2 which is prevented by melting it 
leisurely1 with a little fair ,water at 
the ,bottom of the ,dish or ,pan2 and by
 continual shaking and stirring1 kept   
from boiling or over-heating1 which     
makes it rank4  ,other rare and         
exquisite ,liquors and ,teas 7,products 
of our ,gardens only7 we might          

super-add1 which we leave to our ,lady  
,housewives1 whose ,province indeed all 
this while it is4   ,,the ,,end         
99       99       99       99       99  
,the ,table     ,abstemious ,persons who
 eat no ,flesh1 nor were under ,vows1   
#ajd    ,abstersives1 #db    ,,acetaria1
 ,criticisms on the ,word1 how they     
differ from ,olera1 c41 #a    ,achilles1
 #gg    ,acids1 #fc    ,adam and ,eve   
lived on ,vegetables and ,plants1 #id   
,africans eat ,capsicum ,indicum1 #cd   
,aged ,persons1 #dd2                    
,sallet-,eaters1 #hj    ,agues1 #ha     
,air1 #hj    ,alliaria1 #ai    ,ale1 #ae
    ,alleluja1 #dg    ,alexanders1 #e   
,allium1 #ah    ,altar dedicated to     
,lettuce1 #ba    ,anagallis1 #i         
,annaeus ,serenus poisoned by ,mushroms1
 #bg    ,anatomy1 ,comparative1 #ij     
,antecoenia1 #gd    ,antediluvians eat  
no ,flesh for #bjjj years1 #hj          
,aparine1 #ab    ,aperitives1 #aj       
,appetite1 #ba2     ,how to subdue1 #ih 
,apician ,luxury1 #ajc    ,apium1 #ce2  

,italicum1 #da    ,aromatics1 #ac       
,artichoaks1 #e    ,arum ,theophrasti1  
#dh    ,ascalonia1 #da    ,ascetics1    
#ajf    ,asparagus1 #dc2     preferable 
to the ,dutch1 #dc2     how to cover in 
,winter without ,dung1 #hg    ,asphodel1
 #bc    ,astringents1 #i                
,asthmatical1 #ca    ,assa foetida1 #eb 
,atriplex1 #cb    ,augustus1 #ba        
,autumn1 #ga   ,b4    ,barlaeus's       
,description ,poetic of a ,sallet       
,collation1 #aac    ,basil1 #g          
,baulm1 #g    ,beere1 #ae    ,beet1 #g1 
#gi    ,benzoin1 #ea    ,bile1 #cf      
,blite1 #h    ,blood to purifie1 #h2    
,eating it prohibited1 #ajj    ,boletus1
 #bf    ,books of ,botany1 #ed2     to  
be read with caution where they write of
 ,edule ,plants1 ib4    ,borrage1 #h    
,bowels1 #eh    ,brain1 #g1 #ch         
,bramins1 #ig    ,brandy and ,exotic    
,liquors pernicious1 #ic    ,bread and  
,sallet sufficient for ,life1 #b2       
,made of ,turnips1 #df    ,breast1 #ai  
,broccoli1 #aj    ,brook lime1 #i       

,broth1 #ai    ,brute ,animals much     
healthier than ,men1 why1 #ia    ,buds1 
#i    ,buglos1 #i    ,bulbo ,castanum1  
#ae    ,buphthalmum1 #ae    ,burnet1 #ce
    ,butter1 #fd   ,c4    ,cabbage1 #aj 
,capsicum ,indicum1 #cd    ,cardialgia1 
#cd    ,carduus ,sativus1 #e    ,cardon1
 ,spanish1 #f    ,carnivorous ,animals1 
#hi    ,carrots1 #aa    ,cattel relish  
of their ,pasture and ,food1 #hf2       
,vide ,fowl4    ,cauly flower1 #aa      
,cepae1 #ca    ,cephalics1 #cj          
,chaeriphyllum1 #ab    ,champignons1    
#bf2     ,vide ,mushroms4    ,chastity1 
#ba    ,children chuse to eat ,fruit    
before other ,meat1 #id    ,christians  
abstaining from eating ,flesh1 #ig      
,choler1 #bj    ,church ,catholics      
,future ,glory predicted1 #aae          
,cibarium1 #fc    ,cicuta1 #dh          
,cinara1 #e    ,clary1 #ab    ,claudius 
,caesar1 #bg    ,claver1 #ab            
,cleansing1 #dd    ,climate1 #hj        
,cochlearia1 #da2     vide              
,scurvy-,grass4    ,cooks1 #gg2         

,physicians to ,emperors and ,popes1    
#ee2     vide ,heroes4    ,collation of 
,sallet1 ,extemporary1 #gc    ,cold1 #af
    ,cooling1 #cc    ,complexion1 #hd   
,composing1 and ,composer of ,sallets1  
#ga    ,compotation1 #gd    ,concession 
to eat ,flesh1 since which ,mens ,lives 
shortned1 #ig    ,concoction1 #ah       
,condiments1 #fd2     vide ,sauce4      
,conscience1 #ih    ,consent2 vide      
,harmony4    ,constitution of ,body1 #eg
    ,consuls and ,great ,persons supt in
 their ,garden1 #aba    ,contemplative  
,persons1 #ajd    ,convictus ,facilis1  
#aag    ,cordials1 #g    ,coriander1 #di
    ,corrago1 #i    ,correctives1 #hb   
,corn1 what ,ground most proper for it1 
#hf    ,corn ,sallet1 #ab               
,corroboratives1 #eb    ,corpulency1 #hb
    ,cowslips1 #ac    ,cresses1 #ac     
,crithmum1 #dj    ,crudities1 #bf       
,cruelty in butchering ,animals for     
,food1 #ii    ,cucumber1 #ac            
,culture1 its ,effects1 #db    ,custom1 
#ha2     ,of ,sallet ,herbs1 how great a

 ,revenue to ,rome1 #aai   ,d4          
,daffodil1 #dh    ,daisie1 #ae          
,dandelion1 #ae    ,dapes ,inemptae1    
#aaf    ,dauci1 #aa    ,decay in        
,nature1 none1 #ajf    ,decoction1 #ai  
,deobstructions1 #e    ,deorum filii1   
#bf    ,distinction of ,meats abrogated1
 #id    ,detersives1 #h    ,dishes for  
,sallets1 #fi    ,dissimilar ,parts of  
,animals require ,variety of ,food1 #hi 
,diuretics1 #ai    ,dock1 #ae    ,dogs  
,mercury1 #ed    ,domitian ,emp41 #gd   
,draco herba1 #de    ,dressing of       
,sallets1 vide ,sallet4    ,dry ,plants1
 #ag    ,dung1 #he2     ,sallets rais'd 
on it undigested1 #hf   ,e4    ,earth1  
whether much altered since the ,flood1  
#ha2     about great ,cities1 produces  
rank and unwholsome ,sallets1 #he       
,earth-,nuts1 #ae    ,eggs1 #fh         
,elder1 #af    ,emollients1 #ae         
,endive1 #af    ,epicurism1 #ii         
,eremit's1 vide ,monks4    ,eruca1 #ci  
,eructation1 #ch    ,eruditae gulae1 #gg
    ,escalons1 #ca    ,eternity1 vide   

,patriarchs4    ,eupeptics1 #eh         
,euphrosyne1 #i    ,excess1 #gb         
,exhilarate1 #g    ,exotic ,drinks and  
,sauces dangerous1 #ij    ,experience1  
#hc    ,eyes1 #g1 vide ,sight4   ,f4    
,fabrorum prandia1 #h    ,fainting1 #dg 
,families enobl'd by names of ,sallet   
,plants1 #bj    ,farcings1 #ce          
,fascicule1 #gj    ,fevers1 #bj         
,felicity of the ,hortulan ,life1 #abb  
,fennel1 #ag    ,flatulents1 #cc        
,flesh1 none eaten during #bjjj years4  
,flesh eaters not so ingenious as       
,sallet eaters3 unapt for ,study and    
,bussiness2 shortens ,life2 how all     
,flesh is ,grass1 #id    ,flowers1 #ag  
,foliatorum ordo1 #aje    ,fowl relish  
of their ,food1 #hf    ,food4 ,no       
,necessity of different ,food1 #ij2     
,the simplest best1 #ib2     ,man's     
original ,food1 #ic    ,fools unfit to  
gather ,sallets contrary to the ,italian
 ,proverb1 #fa    ,friers1 vide ,monks4 
,frigidae ,mensae1 #hb    ,frugality of 
the ancient ,romans1 c41 #ba    ,fruit1 

#ge2     not reckon'd among ,sallets1   
#gf2     not degenerated since the      
,flood1 where industry is us'd1 #ajd    
,fugaces fructus1 #gd    ,fungus1 #bf1  
vide ,mushroms4    ,fungus reticularis1 
#bg    ,furniture and ,ingredients of   
,sallets1 #fa   ,g4    ,galen ,lover of 
,lettuce1 #ba    ,gardiner's happy      
,life1 #aac2     ,entertain ,heroes and 
great ,persons1 #aae    ,garlick1 #ah   
,garnishing1 #h    ,gatherers of        
,sallets should be skilful ,herbarists1 
#ga    ,gemmae1 #i1 vide ,buds4         
,gerkems1 #ae1 vide ,cucumber4          
,ginny-,pepper1 #gh    ,goats beard1 #ah
    ,golden ,age1 #ii    ,gordian ,emp41
 #hb    ,gramen ,amygdalosum1 #dh       
,grand ,sallet1 #db    ,grass1 #hb      
,grillus1 #ef    ,gymnosophists1 #ig    
,h4    ,habits difficult to overcome1   
applied to ,flesh-,eaters1 #ih          
,haeredium of old1 #abc    ,halimus1 #cf
    ,harmony in mixing ,sallet          
,ingredients as ,notes in ,musick1 #fj  
,hautgout1 #gg    ,head1 #dj1 vide      

,cephalicks4    ,heart1 #db1 vide       
,cordials4    ,heliotrop1 #di           
,hemlock1 #ed    ,herbaceous ,animals   
know by instinct what ,herbs are proper 
for them     better than ,men1 #ef2     
and excel them in most of the senses1   
ib4    ,herbals1 vide ,books4    ,herbs1
 crude1 whether wholsome1 #hj2     ,what
 proper for ,sallets1 #gj2     ,their   
,qualities and ,vertues to be examined1 
#hb2     ,herby ,diet most ,natural1 #ih
    ,heroes of old skill'd in ,cookery1 
#gg    ,hippocrates condemns ,radish1   
#cg2     ,that ,men need only           
,vegetables1 #ajf    ,hipposelinum1 #e  
,holyhoc1 #bd    ,honey1 #ad    ,hops1  
#ai    ,horarii fructus1 #gd            
,horminum1 #ab    ,horses not so        
diseased as ,men1 #ia2     ,recompens'd 
by some ,masters for long ,service1 #ia 
,horse-,radish1 #ch    ,hortulan        
,provision most plentiful of any1       
advantageous1 universal1     natural1   
c41 #aaj    ,hot ,plants1 #h    ,hot    
,beds1 how unwholsome for ,salleting1   

#he    ,house-wife had charge of the    
,kitchin ,garden1 #aai    ,humours1 #eg 
,hypochondria1 #i    ,hysop1 #ai   ,i4  
,ilander1 #eh2     obnoxious to the     
,scorbute1 ib4    ,indigestion1 #ch     
,ingredients1 #d1 vide ,furniture4      
,insects1 #bh    ,intuba ,sativa1 #af   
,israelites ,love of ,onions1 #cb   ,j4 
,jack-by-the-,hedge1 #ai    ,john the   
,baptist1 #ajf    ,justin ,martyr       
concerning the eating of ,blood1 #aja   
,k4    ,knife for cutting ,sallets1 #fh 
,kitchen ,garden1 #aai1 vide ,potagere4 
,l4    ,lapathum1 #bd    ,laserpitium1  
#ea    ,latet anguis in herba1 #aae     
,laws1 #aaf    ,laxatives1 #g    ,leeks1
 #bj    ,legumena1 #gc    ,lettuce1 #bj 
,limon1 #bc    ,liver1 #ac              
,longaevity1 #ha    ,lotophagi1 #ajf    
,lungs1 #bj    ,lupulus1 #ai    ,luxury1
 #ha    ,lysimachia ,seliquosa glabra1  
#di    ,lyster1 ,dr41 #ef   ,m4         
,macarons1 #di    ,majoran1 #ai         
,mallows1 #bc    ,malvae folium         
sanctissimum1 ib4    ,man before the    

,fall knew the ,vertues of ,plants1 #hc2
     ,unbecoming his ,dignity to butcher
 the innocent ,animal for ,food1 #id2   
,not by nature carnivorous1 #aaa2       
,not lapsed so soon as generally        
thought1 #ie    ,marygold1 #ai          
,masculine ,vigour1 #eb    ,materia     
medica1 #fe    ,materials for ,sallets1 
vide ,furniture4    ,maximinus an       
egregious ,glutton1 ,sallet-hater1 #aba 
,meats commend not to ,god1 #ii         
,medals of ,battus with ,silphium on the
 reverse1 #ea    ,melissa1 #g    ,melon1
 how cultivated by the ,ancients1 #bd   
,memory to assist1 #g    ,mints1 #be    
,mithacus1 a ,culinary ,philosopher1 #gg
    ,mixture1 #eg    ,moist1 #i         
,monks and ,friers perstring'd for their
 idle unprofitable ,life1 #ajg          
seqq4    ,morocco ,ambassador1 #dc2     
,lover of ,sow-thistles4    ,mortuorum  
cibi ,mushroms1 #bj    ,mosaical        
,customs1 #id2     ,moses gave only a   
summary account of the ,creation1       
sufficient for       instruction1 not   

,curiosity1 #ajb    ,mushroms1 #bf2     
,pernicious ,accidents of eating them1  
#bf2     ,how produced artificially1 #bi
    ,mustard1 #cj    ,myrrh1 #ab        
,myrtil-,berries1 #ce   ,n4    ,napus1  
#df    ,nasturtium1 #ac2     ,indicum1  
#da    ,nature invites all to ,sallets1 
#aaa    ,nepenthes1 #i    ,nerves1 #ed  
,nettle1 #cj    ,nigard1 #fa            
,nourishing1 #e   ,o4    ,obstructions1 
#af    ,ocimum1 #g    ,olera1 what      
properly1 how distinguish'd from        
,acetaria1 #a1 #b    ,oluscula1 #d      
,onion1 #ca2     ,what vast ,quantities 
spent in ,egypt1 #cb    ,opening1 #af   
,orach1 #cb    ,orange1 #bc             
,ornithogallon1 #dh    ,oxalis1 #db     
,oxylapathum1 #ae    ,oyl1 how to       
choose1 #fc2     ,its diffusive ,nature1
 #fi   ,p4    ,painters1 #ej            
,palpitation1 #dg    ,palsie1 #cj       
,panacea1 #aj    ,paradisian            
,entertainment1 #abb    ,paralysis1 #ac 
,parsnip1 #cc    ,pastinaca ,sativa1 #aa
    ,patriarchs1 #ic2     ,their ,long  

,lives a ,shadow of ,eternity1 #if      
,peach said to be ,poison in ,persia1 a 
,fable1 #hg    ,peas1 #cc    ,pectorals1
 #eh    ,pepper1 #cc2     ,beaten too   
small1 hurtful to the ,stomach1 #cd     
,persly1 #ce2     ,sacred to the        
,defunct1 ib4    ,philosophers1 #ef     
,phlegm1 #cj    ,pickle1 #gb2     ,what 
,sallet ,plants proper for ,pickles1    
ib41 vide ,appendix4    ,pig-,nuts1 #bh 
,pimpernel1 #i    ,plants1 their        
,vertue1 #ei2     ,variety1 #aad2       
,nourishment1 #hc2     ,no living at all
 without them1 #aaj2     ,plants infect 
by looking on1 #eg2     ,when in prime1 
#ga2     how altered by the ,soil and   
,culture1 #hd2     ,not degenerated     
since the ,flood1 #aje    ,platonic     
,tables1 #ig    ,pleurisie1 #ha         
,poiverade1 #g    ,poppy1 #dh           
,porrum1 #bj    ,postdiluvians1 #ic     
,potage1 #e    ,potagere1 #aai          
,pot-,herbs1 #ai    ,poyson1 #ah        
,praecoce ,plants not so wholsome       
artificially rais'd1 #he    ,preparation

 to the dressing of ,sallets1 #aj       
,prodigal1 #fa    ,pugil1 #gj           
,punishment1 #ah    ,purslan1 #cf       
,putrefaction1 #cc    ,pythagoras1 #ig  
,q4    ,quality and ,vertue of ,plants1 
#ec4 ,see ,plants4   ,r4    ,radish1    
#cg2     of ,gold dedicated at ,delphi1 
#cg2     ,moschius wrote a whole ,volume
 in praise of them1 ib42                
,hippocrates condemns them1 ib4         
,raphanus ,rusticanus ,horse ,radish1   
#ch    ,radix ,lunaria1 #dh2            
,personata1 #di    ,ragout1 #bh         
,rampion1 #ci    ,rapum1 #df    ,ray1   
,mr41 #ee    ,refreshing1 #ac           
,restaurative1 #e    ,rocket1 #ci       
,roccombo1 #ah    ,roman ,sallet1 #aab2 
,lux1 #aae    ,rosemary1 #ci    ,roots1 
#cg    ,rhue1 #di   ,s4     ,saffron1   
#fh    ,sage1 #ci    ,sallets1 what1 how
 improved1 whence so called1 #c2        
,ingredients1 #d2     ,variety and      
,store above what the ,ancients had1    
#aab2     ,bills of ,fare1 #aab2        
,skill in choosing1 gathering1 composing

 and dressing1 #dh2     found in the    
,crops of ,foul1 #fb2     what formerly 
in use1 now abdicated1 #di2             
extemporary ,sallets1 #hg2     ,whether 
best to begin or conclude with ,sallets1
 #gc    ,salade de ,preter1 #ac         
,salt1 #fd2     ,what best for ,sallets1
 #fd2     ,salts ,essential1 and of     
,vegetables1 #fe    ,sambucus1 #af      
,sampier1 #dj    ,sanguine1 #cf         
,sarcophagists1 #ef    ,sauce1 #ci      
,savoys1 #aa    ,scallions1 #da         
,scorbute1 vide ,scurvy4                
,scurvy-,grass1 #da    ,scurvy1 #i      
,season1 #ga    ,seasoning1 #gi1 vide   
,sallet4    ,sedum minus1 #de1 vide     
,stone-,crop4    ,sellery1 #da          
,seneca1 #ih    ,shambles1 #gg          
,sight1 #ej1 vide ,eyes4    ,silphium1  
#ej2     ,how precious and sacred1 #ea  
,simples1 #di    ,sinapi1 #cj           
,sisarum1 #db    ,skirrits1 ib4         
,sleep1 to procure1 #ba    ,smallage1   
#da    ,smut in ,wheat1 #hf    ,syrenium
 ,vulgare1 #e    ,snails1 safe ,tasters1

 #ef    ,sonchus1 #dc    ,sordidness1   
#hg    ,sorrel1 #db    ,sow-thistle1    
vide ,sonchus4    ,specificks1 few yet  
discovered1 #hc    ,spleen1 #aj         
,spinach1 #ab    ,spirits1 cherishing   
and reviving1 #i    ,spring1 #ga        
,stomach1 #af    ,stone1 #i             
,stone-,crop1 #dd    ,strowings1 #fg    
,students1 #i    ,succory1 #dd          
,sugar1 #ad    ,summer1 #hd             
,sumptuary ,laws1 #aaf    ,swearing per 
,brassicam1 #aa    ,swine used to find  
out ,truffles and ,earth-,nuts1 #bh     
,t4    ,table of ,species1 ,culture1    
,proportion and dressing of ,sallets1   
according to the ,season1 #gj           
,tacitus1 ,emp4 ,temperance1 #ba        
,tansie1 #dd    ,tarragon1 #de    ,taste
 should be exquisite in the ,composer of
 ,sallets1 #fj    ,tea1 #ag1 vide       
,appendix4    ,temper1 #ha              
,temperance1 #ba    ,teeth1 #cg         
,theriacle1 vide ,garlick4    ,thirst1  
to asswage1 #cc    ,thistle1 #de        
,thyme1 #ai1 vide ,pot-herbs4           

,tiberius ,caes41 #db    ,tragopogon1   
#dg    ,transmigration1 #ef    ,tribute 
paid to ,roots1 #db    ,truffles1 #bh   
,tubera1 #bh    ,tulip eaten that cost  
#ajj l41 #dg    ,turiones1 #i           
,turnip1 #df2     ,made a ,fish1 #aac   
,v4    ,vapours to repress1 #ba         
,variety necessary and proper1 #ib      
,ventricle1 #bj1 vide ,stomach4         
,vine1 #dg    ,vinegar1 #fc2 vide       
,appendix4    ,viper-,grass1 #dg        
,vertues of ,sallet ,plants and         
,furniture1 #eg2     ,consist in the    
several and different ,parts of the same
 ,plant1 #di    ,voluptuaria ,venena1   
#bh   ,u4    ,urtica1 #cj   ,w4         
,welsh1 prolifick1 #bj    ,wind1 #ag    
,wine1 #g2 vide ,appendix4    ,winter   
,sallets1 #g2 vide ,appendix4           
,wood-,sorrel1 #dg    ,worms in ,fennel1
 and ,sellery1 #ag    ,wormwood1 #di    
,y4    ,youth to preserve1 #he          
99       99       99       99       99  
,,footnotes   ,footnote #a3 ,lord       
,viscount ,brouncker1 ,chancellor to the

 ,late ,qu4 ,consort1 now ,dowager4 ,the
 ,right ,honourable ,cha4 ,montague1    
,esq2 ,chancellor of the ,exchequer4    
,footnote #b3 ,si quid temporis a       
civilibus negotiis quibis totum jam     
intenderat animum1 suffurari potuit1    
colendis agris1 priscos illos ,romanos  
,numam ,pompilium1 ,cincinnatum1        
,catonem1 ,fabios1 ,cicerones1 aliosque 
virtute claros viros imitare2 qui in    
magno honore constituti1 vites putare1  
stercorare agros1  irrigare nequaquam   
turpe  inhone stum putarunt4 ,in ,vit4  
,plin4 #b4  ,footnote #c3 ,ut hujusmodi 
historiam vix dum incohatum1 non ante   
absolvendam putem4  ,exitio terras quam 
dabit una dies4 ,d4 ,raius ,praefat4    
,hist4 ,plan4  ,footnote #d3 ,olera a   
frigidis distinct4 ,see ,spartianus in  
,pescennio4 ,salmas4 in ,jul4           
,capitolin4  ,footnote #e3    ,panis    
erat primis virides mortalibus ,herbae2 
,quas tellus nullo sollicitante dabat4  
,et modo carpebant vivaci cespite       
gramen2     ,nunc epulae tenera fronde  

cacumen erant4  ,ovid1 ,fastor4 ,,iv4   
,footnote #f3 ,greek3 kaloumen gar      
lachana ta oros ten hemeneran chreian1  
,theophrast4 ,plant4 #a4 ,,vii4 cap4 #g4
  ,footnote #g3 ,gen4 ,i4 #bi4          
,footnote #h3 ,plutarch ,sympos4        
,footnote #i3 ,salmas4 in ,solin4       
against ,hieron4 ,mercurialis4          
,footnote #aj3 ,galen4 #b,r4 ,aliment4  
cap4 l4 ,et ,simp4 ,medic4 ,averroes1   
lib4 ,v4 ,golloc4  ,footnote #aa3 ,plin4
 lib4 ,,xix4 c4 #d4  ,footnote #ab3     
,convictus facilis1 fine arte mensa4    
,mart4 ,ep4 #gd4  ,footnote #ac3 ,greek3
 ,apuron trophui1 which ,suidas calls   
,greek3 lachana1 ,olera quae cruda      
sumuntur ex ,aceto4 ,harduin in loc4    
,footnote #ad3 ,plin4 ,h4 ,nat4 lib4    
xix4 cap4 #h4  ,footnote #ae3 ,de ,r4,r4
 cap4 clvii4  ,footnote #af3 ,greek3    
',ephthos1 dosikuos1 apalos1 aluos1     
ouretikos4 ,athen4  ,footnote #ag3      
,cucumis elixus delicatior1 innocentior4
 ,athenaeus4  ,footnote #ah3 ,eubulus4  
,footnote #ai3 ,in ,lactuca occultatum a

 ,venere ,adonin cecinit ,callimachus1  
quod ,allegorice interpretatus          
,athenaeus illuc referendum putat1 quod 
in ,venerem hebetiores fiant ,lactucis  
vescentes assidue4  ,footnote #bj3 ,apud
 ,sueton4  ,footnote #ba3 ,vopiseus     
,tacit4 ,for the rest both of the ,kinds
 and ,vertues of ,lettuce1 ,see ,plin4  
,h4 ,nat4 l4 xix4 c4 #h4 and xx4 c4 #g4 
,fernel4 c4  ,footnote #bb3 ,de ,legib4 
,footnote #bc3 ,hor4 ,epod4 ,,ii4       
,footnote #bd3 ,de ,simp4 ,medic4 ,l4   
vii4  ,footnote #be3 ,lib4 ii4 cap4 #c4 
,footnote #bf3 ,exoneraturas ,ventrem   
mihi ,villica ,malvas ,attulit1  varias1
 quas habet hortus1 ,opes4  ,mart4 ,lib4
 x4  ,and our sweet ,poet3    ----,nulla
 est humanior herba1   ,nulla magis     
suavi commoditate bona est1   ,omnia tam
 placide regerat1 blandequerelaxat1     
,emollitque vias1 nec sinit esse rudes4 
,cowl4 ,plan4 ,l4 #d4  ,footnote #bg3   
,cic ad ,attic4  ,footnote #bh3 ,sueton 
in ,claudi4  ,footnote #bi3 ,sen4 ,ep4  
lxiii4  ,footnote #cj3 ,plin4 ,n4,h4 l4 

xxi4 c4 #bc4  ,footnote #ca3 ,transact4 
,philos4 ,num4 #bjb4  ,footnote #cb3    
,apitius1 lib4 vii4 cap4 #ac4  ,footnote
 #cc3 ,philos4 ,transact4 ,num4 #fi4    
,journey to ,paris4  ,footnote #cd3     
,pratensibus optima fungis ,natura est3 
aliis male creditur4 ,hor4 ,sat4 l4 #g4 
,sat4 #d4  ,footnote #ce3 ,bacon ,nat4  
,hist4 #ab4 ,cent4 vii4 #edg1 #edh1 c4  
,footnote #cf3 ,gaffend4 ,vita ,peirs4  
l4 iv4 ,raderus ,mart4 l4 ,epig4 xlvi4  
,in ponticum--says1 within four ,days4  
,footnote #cg3 ,o ,sanctas gentes1      
quibus haec nascuntur in hortis         
,numina99999999---- ,juv4 ,sat4 #ae4    
,footnote #ch3 ,herodotus4  ,footnote   
#ci3 ,greek3 hora to rhadios phaines1   
quia tertio a fatu die appareat4        
,footnote #dj3 ,de diaeta lib4 ii4 cap4 
#be4  ,footnote #da3 ,de ,aliment4      
,facult4 lib4 ii4  ,footnote #db3       
,philos4 ,transact4 ,vol4 xvii4 ,num4   
#bje4 p4 #igj4  ,footnote #dc3 ,plin4   
,h4 ,nat4 ,lib4 xix4 cap4 #c4  xx4 c4   
#bb4 ,see ,jo4 ,tzetzes ,chil4 vi4 #dh4 

xvii4 #aai4  ,footnote #dd3 ,spanheim1  
,de usu  ,praest4 ,numis4 ,dissert4     
#dto4 ,it was sometimes also the        
,reverse of ,jupiter ,hammon4  ,footnote
 #de3   ,greek3 oud an eidoies ge moi   
,greek3 ,ton plouton auton k- to ,bat-ou
 silphion4   ,aristoph4 in ,pluto4 ,act4
 iv4 ,sc4 #c4  ,footnote #df3 ,of which 
some would have it a courser sort       
inamoeni odoris1 as the same ,comedian  
names it in his ,equites1 p4 #bci4 and  
#bdj4 ,edit4 ,basil4 ,see likewise this 
discuss'd1 together with its            
,properties1 most copiously1 in ,jo4    
,budaeus a ,stapul4 ,comment4 in        
,theophrast4 lib4 vi4 cap4 #a4 and      
,bauhin4 ,hist4 ,plant4 lib4 xxvii4 cap4
 #ec4  ,footnote #dg3 ,vide ,cardanum de
 usu ,cibi4  ,footnote #dh3 ,vol4 xx4   
,footnote #di3 ,cowley3    ,greek3 ,oud 
oson in malache te k- asphodelo meg     
oneiar   ,greek3 ,krupsantes gar echousi
 theoi ,bion anthropoisi4   ,hesiod4    
,footnote #ej3 ,concerning this of      
,insects1 ,see ,mr4 ,ray's ,hist4       

,plant4 li4 l4 cap4 #bd4  ,footnote #ea3
 ,the poyson'd ,weeds3 ,i have seen a   
,man1 who was so poyson'd with it1 that 
the ,skin peel'd off his ,face1 and yet 
he never touch'd it1 only looked on it  
as he pass'd by4 ,mr4 ,stafford1        
,philos4 ,transact4 ,vol4 ,,iii4 ,num4  
xl4 p4 #gid4  ,footnote #eb3 ,cowley1   
,garden1 ,miscel4 ,stanz4 #h4  ,footnote
 #ec3 ,sapores minime ,consentientes    
,greek3 kai sumpleko-uas ouchi          
symphonous haphas3 ,haec despicere      
ingeniosi est artificis3 ,neither did   
the ,artist mingle his ,provisions      
without extraordinary ,study and        
,consideration3 ,greek3 ,alla mixas     
panta kata symphonian4 ,horum singulis  
seorsum assumptis1 tu expedito3 ,sic ego
 tanquam ,oraculo jubeo4----,itaque     
literarum ignarum ,coquum1 tu cum       
videris1  qui ,democriti scripta omnia  
non perlegerit1 vel potius1 impromptu   
non habeat1 eum deride ut futilem3 ,ac  
ilium ,mercede conducito1 qui ,epicuri  
,canonen usu plane didicerit1 c4 as it  

follows in the ,gastronomia of          
,archestratus1 ,athen4 lib4 xxiii4 ,such
 another ,bragadoccio ,cook ,horace     
describes    ,nec sibi ,coenarum quivis 
temere arroget artem   ,non prius exacta
 tenui ratione saporem4   ,sat4 lib4 ii4
 ,sat4 #d4  ,footnote #ed3 ,milton's    
,paradise ,lost4  ,footnote #ee3    ----
 ,qui   ,tingat olus siccum muria vaser 
in calice empta   ,ipse sacrum irrorans 
piper ---- ,pers4 ,sat4 vi4  ,footnote  
#ef3 ,dr4 ,grew1 ,lect4 vi4 c4 #b4 #c4  
,footnote #eg3 ,muffet1 de ,diaeta1 c4  
#bc4  ,footnote #eh3 ,dr4 ,grew1 ,annat4
 ,plant4 ,lib4 l4 ,sect4 iv4 cap4 l1 c4 
,see also1 ,transact4 ,num4 #ajg4 ,vol4 
ix4  ,footnote #ei3 ,philosoph4         
,transact4 ,vol4 ,,iii4 ,num4 xl4 p4    
#gii4  ,footnote #fj3 ,mart4 ,epig4 lib4
 xi4 #ci4  ,footnote #fa3 ,athen4 l4 #b4
 ,of which ,change of ,diet see ,plut4  
iv4 ,sympos4 #i4 ,plinii ,epist4 ,i4 ad 
,eretrium4  ,footnote #fb3 ,virg4       
,moreto4  ,footnote #fc3 ,hor4 ,sat4 ,i4
 #b4 ,sat4 #d4  ,footnote #fd3 ,mart4   

,ep4 l4 v4 ,ep4 #ag4  ,footnote #fe3    
,concerning the ,use of ,fruit 7bessides
 many others7 whether best to be eaten  
before1 or after ,meals8 ,published by a
 ,physician of ,rochel1 and render'd out
 of ,french into ,english4 ,printed by  
,t4 ,basset in ,fleetstreet4  ,footnote 
#ff3 ,achilles1 ,patroclus1 ,automedon4 
,iliad4 ix4  alibi4  ,footnote #fg3 ,for
 so some pronounce it1 ,v4 ,athenaeum   
,deip4 ,lib4 ,,ii4 ,cap4 #bf ,greek3 ed-
 quasi ,greek3 edusma1 perhaps for that 
it incites ,appetite1 and causes        
,hunger1 which is the best ,sauce4      
,footnote #fh3 ,cratinus in ,glauco4    
,footnote #fi3 ,nat4 ,hist4 ,,iv4 ,cent4
 ,,vii4 #acj4 ,se ,arist4 ,prob4 ,sect4 
xx4 ,quaest4 #cf4 ,why some ,fruits and 
,plants are best raw1 others boil'd1    
roasted1 c1 as becoming sweeter2 but the
 ,crude more sapid and grateful4        
,footnote #gj3 ,card4 ,contradicent4    
,med4 l4 iv4 ,cant4 #ah4 ,diphilus not  
at all4 ,athenaeus4  ,footnote #ga3 ,sir
 ,tho4 ,brown's ,miscel4  ,footnote #gb3

 ,caule suburbano qui ficcis crevit in  
agris ,dulcior1-- --,hor4 ,sat4 l4 #b4  
,section #d4  ,footnote #gc3 ,transact4 
,philos4 ,num4 xxv4  ,footnote #gd3     
,num4 xviii4  ,footnote #ge3 ,thesaur4  
,sanit4 c4 #b4  ,footnote #gf3 ,as      
,delcampius interprets the ,place4      
,footnote #gg3 ,scaliger ad ,card4      
,exercit4 #bac4  ,footnote #gh3 ,cel4   
,lib4 ,cap4 #d4  ,footnote #gi3 ,plin4  
,nat4 ,hist4 l4 #c4 c4 #ab4  ,footnote  
#hj3 ,hanc brevitatem ,vitae 7speaking  
of ,horses7 fortasse homini debet1      
,verul4 ,hist4 ,vit4  ,mort4 ,see this  
throughly controverted1 ,macrob4        
,saturn4 l4 vii4 c4 v4  ,footnote #ha3  
,arist4 ,hist4 ,animal4 l4 v4 c4 #ad4   
,footnote #hb3 ,greek3 anomoia sasiazei4
  ,footnote #hc3 ,hor4 ,sat4 l4 ,,ii4   
,sat4 #b4 ,macr4 ,sat4 l4 ,,vii4        
,footnote #hd3 ,gen4 ix4  ,footnote #he3
 ,metam4 i4 ,fab4 iii4 and xv4          
,footnote #hf3 ,gen4 xi4 #ai4  ,footnote
 #hg3 ,gen4 ix4  ,footnote #hh3         
,porphyr4 de ,abstin4 ,proclum1         

,jambleum1 c4  ,footnote #hi3 ,strom1   
vii4  ,footnote #ij3 ,praep4 ,lv4       
passim4  ,footnote #ia3 ,tertul4 de     
,tejun4 cap4 iv4 ,hieron4 advers4       
,jovin4  ,footnote #ib3 ,sen4 ,epist4   
#ajh4  ,footnote #ic3 #a ,cor4 viii4 #h4
 #a4 ,tim4 iv4 #a4 #c4 #ad4 ,rom4 ii4   
#c4  ,footnote #id3    ,has ,epulas     
habuit teneri gens aurea mundis     ,et 
coenae ingentis tune caput ipsa sui4    
,semide unque meo creverunt corpora     
succo1     ,materiam tanti sanguinis    
ille dedit4   ,tune neque fraus nota    
est1 neque vis1 neque foeda libido2     
,haec nimis proles saeva caloris erat4  
,si sacrum illorum1 sit detestabile     
nomen1     ,qui primi servae regne      
dedere gulae4   ,hinc vitiis patefacta  
via est1 morbisq2 secutis sas1     ,se  
lethi facies exeruere novae4   ,ah1 fuge
 crudeles ,animantum sanguine men       
,quasque tibi obsonat mors inimica      
dapes4   ,poscas tandem aeger1 si sanus 
negligis1 herbas4     ,esse cibus       
nequeunt8 at medicamen erunt4   ,colci  

,plaut4 lib4 #a4 ,lactuca4  ,footnote   
#ie3 ,gen4 ix4  ,footnote #if3 ,ancyra  
xiv4  ,footnote #ig3 ,can4 ,apost4 #ej4 
,footnote #ih3 ,clem4 ,paedag4 ,lib4 ii4
 c4 l4 ,vide ,prudent4 ,hymn4 ,greek3   
cha themerinon3 ,nos ,oloris ,coma1 nos 
siliqua facta legumine multitudo        
paraveris innocuis ,epulis4  ,footnote  
#ii3 xv4 ,acts1 #bj1 #bi4  ,footnote    
#ajj3 ,philo de ,vit4 ,contemp4 ,joseph4
 ,antiq4 ,lib4 #ac ,cap4 #i4  ,footnote 
#aja3 ,hackwell4 ,apolog4  ,footnote    
#ajb3 ,hippoc4 de vetere ,medicina1     
,cap4 #f1 #g4  ,footnote #ajc3 #b ,tim4 
iv4 #c4  ,footnote #ajd3 ,this1 with    
their prodigious ,ignorance4 ,see ,mab4 
des ,etudes ,monast4 ,part4 #b4 c4 #ag4 
,footnote #aje3 ,dr4 ,lister's ,journey 
to ,paris4 ,see ,l',apocalyps de        
,meliton1 ou ,revelation des ,mysteres  
,cenobitiques4  ,footnote #ajf3         
,plantarum usus latissime patet1  in    
omni vitae parte occurrit1 sine illis   
laute1 sine illis commode non vivitur1  
ac nec vivitur omnino4 ,quaecunque ad   

victu necessaria sunt1 quaecunque ad    
delicias faciunt1 e locupletissimo suo  
penu abunde subministrant3 ,quanto ex   
eis mensa innocentior1 mundior1         
salubrior1 quam ex animalium caede      
,laniena6 ,homo certe natura animal     
carnivorum non est2 nullis ad praedam   
rapinam armis instructum2 non dentibus  
exertis  ferratis1 non unguibus aduncis3
 ,manus ad fructos colligendos1 dentes  
ad mandendos comparati2 nee legimus se  
ante diluvium carnes ad esum concessas1 
c4 ,raii ,hist4 ,plant4 ,lib4 #a4 cap4  
#bd4  ,footnote #ajg3 ,mart4 lib4 x4    
,epig4 #dd4  ,footnote #ajh3 ,barl4     
,eleg4 lib4 #c4  ,footnote #aji3 ,athen4
 ,deip4 l4 i4  ,footnote #aaj3 ,cowley1 
,garden4 ,stanz4 #f4  ,footnote #aaa3   
,hence in ,macrobius ,sat4 lib4 vii4 c4 
#e4 we find ,eupolis the ,comedian in   
his aeges1 bringing in ,goats boasting  
the ,variety of their ,food1 ,greek3    
,boskometh ules apo pantodaoes1 elates1 
c4 ,after which follows a ,banquet of   
innumerable sorts4  ,footnote #aab3     

,esa4 lxv4 #be4  ,footnote #aac3 ,bina  
tunc jugera populo ,romano satis erat1  
nullique majorem modum attribuit1 quo   
servos paulo ante principis ,neronis1   
contemptis hujus spatii ,virdariis1     
piscinas juvat habere majores1          
gratumque1 si non aliquem  culinas4     
,plin4 ,hist4 ,nat4 lib4 xviii4 c4 #b4  
,footnote #aad3 ,interea gustus elements
 per omnia quaerunt4 ,juv4 ,sat4 #d4    
,footnote #aae3 ,cicero4 ,epist4 ,lib4  
#g4 ,ep4 #bf4 ,complaining of a costly  
,sallet1 that had almost cost him his   
,life4  ,footnote #aaf3 ,valeriana1     
,that of ,lectucini1 ,achilleia1        
,lysimachia1 ,fabius1 ,cicero1          
,lentulus1 ,piso1 c4 a ,fabis1 ,cicere1 
,lente1 ,pisis bene serendis dicti1     
,plin4  ,footnote #aag3 ,mirum esset non
 licere pecori ,carduis vesci1 non licet
 plebei1 c4 ,and in another ,place1     
,quoniam portenta quoque terrarum in    
ganeam vertimus1 etiam quae refugeant   
quadrupeded consciae1 ,plin4 ,hist4     
,nat4 l4 xix4 c4 #h4  ,footnote #aah3   

,gra4 ,falisc4 ,gyneget4 ,was4 ,see     
concerning this ,excess ,macr4 ,sat4 l4 
#b4 c4 #i4  sequ4  ,footnote #aai3      
,horti maxime placebant1 quia non       
egerent igni1 parcerentque ligno1       
expedita res1  parata semper1 unde      
,acetaria appellantur1 facilia concoqui1
 nee oneratura sensum cibo1  quae minime
 accenderent desiderium panis4 ,plin4   
,hist4 ,nat4 ,lib4 xix4 c4 #d4 ,and of  
this exceeding ,frugality of the        
,romans1 till after the ,mithridatic    
,war1 see ,athenaeus ,deip4 ,lib4 #f4   
cap4 #ba4 ,horat4 ,serm4 ,sat4 #a4      
,footnote #abj3 ,nequam esse in domo    
matrem familias 7etenim haec cura       
,foeminae dicebatur7 ubi indiligens     
esset hortus4  ,footnote #aba3 ,alterum 
succidium4 ,cic4 in ,catone4 ,tiberias  
had a ,tribute of ,skirrits paid him4   
,footnote #abb3 ,hor4 ,sat4 l4 #b4 ,vix 
prae vino sustinet palpebras1 eunti in  
consilium1 c4 ,see the ,oration of ,c4  
,titius de ,leg4 ,fan4 ,mac ,sat4 l4 #b4
 c4 #ab4  ,footnote #abc3 ,milton's     

,paradise1 #a4 v4 ver4 #bbh4  ,footnote 
#abd3    ,at victus illa aetas cui      
secimus aurea nomen   ,fructibus        
arboreis1  quas humus educat herbis     
,fortunata fuit4----,met4 xv4  ,footnote
 #abe3 ,bene moratus venter4  ,footnote 
#abf3 ,,tab4 ,,ii4  ,footnote #abg3     
,foelix1 quem misera procul ambitione   
remotum1     ,parvus ager placide1      
parvus  hortus1 alit4   ,praebet ager   
quicquid frugi natura requirit1         
,hortus habet quicquid luxuriosa petit1 
,caetera follicitae speciosa incommoda  
vitae     ,permittit stultis quaerere1  
habere malis4   ,cowley1 ,pl4 lib4 iv4  
,footnote #abh3 ,plin4 ,athenaeus1      
,macrobius1 ,bacon1 ,boyle1 ,digby1 c4  
99       99       99       99       99  
,an ,edition of one thousand copies was 
designed by ,richard ,ellis and printed 
under his supervision at ,the ,haddon   
,craftsmen1 ,camden1 ,new ,jersey4      
99       99       99       99       99