,a ,,portraiture ,,( ,,quak]ism4 ,,tak5 ,,f ,a ,,view ,,( ,,! ,,education ,,& ,,discipl9e1 ,,social ,,mann]s1 ,,civil ,,& ,,political ,,economy1 ,,religi\s ,,pr9ciples ,,& ,,"*1 ,,( ,,! ,society ( ,fri5ds 99 99 99 99 99 ,,by ,,?omas ,,cl>kson1 ,m4,a4 ,,au?or ,,( ,,sev]al ,,essays ,,on ,,! ,,slave ,,trade4 ,,vol4 ,,iii4 ,,cont5ts ,,( ,,! ,,?ird ,,volume4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,great ,,t5ets4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,civil gov]nm5t--,gov]nors h no "r to int]f]e 9 matt]s ( religion--,nor are ! gov]n$ b\nd to obey1 :]e _! consci5ces are oppress$ by do+ x--b !y are to be will+ to suff] ! p5alties annex$ to _! disob$i5ce--& !y are on no acc\nt to resi/ !m by =ce ( arms1 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,oa?s--,*ri/ians are n to take civil oa?s--,reasons ( ! ,quak]s = _! disuse ( !m1 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,sect4 ,i4 ,w>--,unlawful = ,*ri/ians to fight--,scriptural passages 9 support ( ?is t5et--,answ]s to ^! & replies1 ,,sect4 ,,ii4 ,^! passages support$ by ! op9ions & practice ( ! e>ly ,*ri/ians1 ,,sect4 ,,iii4 ,objection to ! motive assign$ = ?is practice--,reply to ?is objection--,motive confirm$1 ,,sect4 ,,iv4 ,conduct ( ! e>ly ,*ri/ians fur!r exam9$--,:ile ,*ri/ianity cont9u$ pure1 !y held x unlawful to fight--,z x became less pure1 _! scruples aga9/ x decl9$--,z x became corrupt1 !y ceas$1 ,,sect4 ,v4 ,reflections ( ! au?or on ! =ego+ subject--,suppos$ conv]sation ) a sup]ior be+ 9 ano!r region--,new argum5ts f !nce1 ,,sect4 ,,vi4 ,subject fur!r consid]$--,errone\s conceptions ( ^? :o argue 9 favor ( ! necessity ( w>--,?is necess>y only :]e ! policy ( ! _w is pursu$--,nature ( ?is policy--,b n necess>y :]e m5 act on ! policy ( ! ,gospel1 ,,sect4 ,,vii4 ,?is doctr9e confirm$ by hi/orical cases1 ,,sect4 ,,viii4 ,f9al exam9ation ( ! subject1 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,sect4 ,i4 ,ma9t5ance ( a ,gospel m9i/ry--,quak]s hold x unlawful to pay _! own m9i/]s1 or ^? ( any o!r d5om9ation1 = _! ,gospel lab\rs--,scriptural passages & hi/orical facts relative to ?is doctr9e1 ,,sect4 ,,ii4 ,additional reasons aga9/ ! paym5t ( ^? ( ano!r d5om9ation1 z collect$ f a hi/ory ( ti!s1 ,,sect4 ,,iii4 ,a m p>ticul> /atem5t ( ^! reasons1 99 99 99 99 99 ,,"*4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,"* ( ! ,quak]s--,difficulties 9 ! prop] e/imation ( "*--,^! removable 9 ! pres5t case1 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,"* g5]al or p>ticul>--,g5]al is t ( a moral p1 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,sect4 ,i4 ,"* p>ticul>--,fir/ ( ! p>ticul> traits is b5evol5ce to man 9 8 temporal capacity1 ,,sect4 ,,ii4 ,second is b5evol5ce to man 9 8 religi\s capacity1 ,,sect4 ,,iii4 ,?ird is b5evol5ce1 or a t5d] feel+ = ! brute creation1 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,f\r? is complac5cy ( m9d & mann]s1 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,fif? is1 t !y d n sacrifice _! consci5ces1 z a body ( ,*ri/ians1 :]e !y believe a compliance ) any law or cu/om to be wrong1 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,six? is1 t 9 political affairs !y reason ^u pr9ciple1 & n ^u consequ5ces1 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,sev5? is indep5d5ce ( m9d1 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,sect4 ,i4 ,eigh? is c\rage 9 life1 ,,sect4 ,,ii4 ,n9? is c\rage 9 dea?1 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,t5? is punctuality to words & engagem5ts1 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,imp]fect traits--,^! are ei!r intellectually or morally defective--,fir/ ( ^! is a defici5cy 9 lit]ature & sci5ce1 :5 comp>$ ) o!r p1 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,second is sup]/ition--,di/9ctions on ?is subject1 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,?ird is ob/9acy--,no f\ndation = ?is trait1 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,sect4 ,i4 ,f\r? is a money-gett+ _s--,?is _s seldom *>geable ) av>ice1 ,,sect4 ,,ii4 ,practicable me?ods sugge/$ = ! extirpation ( x1 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,fif? is a want ( animation or affection--,?is an appe>ance only4 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,six? is evasiv5ess 9 spee*--,no f\ndation = ?is trait4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,sev5? is %yness--,?is an appe>ance only4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,eigh? is a disreg>d ( tru?--,inconsi/5cy ( ! imputation ( ?is trait4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,sect4 ,i4 ,"* ( ! ,quak] wom5--,wom5 %>e 9 ! virtues ( ! m51 b d n p>take ( all _! reput$ imp]fections4 ,,sect4 ,,ii4 ,quak] wom5 h a public "*--,influ5ce ( ?is ^u _! m9ds4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,miscellane\s ,,p>ticul>s4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,quak]s a happy p--,subord9ate causes ( ?is happ9ess4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,good1 :i* ! ,quak]s h done z a society ^u e>?4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,quak]s 9 ,engl& on ! decl9e 9 po9t ( numb]s1 z a religi\s society--,c]ta9 causes ( ?is decl9e4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,suppos$ rem$ies = ! dim9ution ( "s ( ^! causes--,^! ( v>i\s k9ds--,"o ( ^! a sup]ior education--,suppos$ effect ( ?is education4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,compon5t p>ts ( ?is education--,fav\rable /ate ( ! society = ! admission ( x1 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,v>i\s argum5ts aga9/ x--,^! exam9$1 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,conclusory rem>ks1 z !y relate to ^? :o may h _h ?\ghts ( leav+ ! society1 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,conclusory rem>ks1 z !y relate to ^? :o may be call$ ! _w1 ,,great ,,t5ets ,,( ,,! ,,quak]s4 ,,*ap4 ,i4 ,civil gov]nm5t--,fir/ t5et is1 t gov]nors h no "r to int]f]e ) ! gov]n$ on ! subject ( ,religion--& t if !y int]f]e1 & insi/ ^u ?+s :i* ! consci5ce disapproves1 ! gov]n$ ought to refuse a compliance ) !m1 & to be> pati5tly all ! p5alties annex$ to su* a refusal1 b nev] to resi/ ! gov]nors by viol5ce on ?is or any o!r acc\nt4 ,! ,quak]s hold f\r pr9ciples1 :i* ,i %all di/+ui% by ! "n ( ,great ,t5ets4 ,^! are consid]$ z aris+ out ( ! impli$ or positive injunctions ( ,*ri/ianity1 & 7 insi/$ ^u z ess5tials on ! =mation ( ! society4 ,! fir/ ( ^! is on ! subject ( ,civil ,gov]nm5t4 ,civil ,gov]nm5t _h exi/$ long be=e ! appe>ance ( ,*ri/ianity 9 ! _w4 ,legislators s9ce t era1 z !y h imbib$ its _s1 s !y h introduc$ ?is _s m or less into _! respective codes4 ,b1 no nation has ev] pr(ess$ to *ange its sy/em ( jurisprud5ce1 or to model x anew1 9 consequ5ce ( ! new light :i* ,*ri/ianity has af=d$3 nei!r h ! alt]ations be5 s num]\s 9 any nation1 h[ev] high its pr(ession ( ,*ri/ianity1 ) respect to laws1 z to enable u to say1 t !re is any gov]nm5t 9 ! kn[n _w1 ( ,*ri/ian orig91 or any gov]nm5t :olly ^u ! pr9ciples ( ! gospel4 ,if all m5 7 to become real ,*ri/ians1 civil gov]nm5t w\ld become less necess>y4 ,z !re w\ld be !n no (f5ces1 !re w\ld be no ne$ ( magi/racy or ( puni%m5t4 ,z m5 w\ld !n settle any diff]5ces betwe5 !m amicably1 !re w\ld be no necessity = c\rts ( law4 ,z !y w\ld !n nev] fight1 !re w\ld be no ne$ ( armies4 ,z !y w\ld !n consid] _! fell[-creatures z bre?r51 !y w\ld relieve !m z su*1 & !re w\ld be no occasion ( laws = ! poor4 ,z m5 w\ld !n h m solicitude = ! public good1 & m l>ge & lib]al notions1 ?an at any =m] "t1 !y w\ld ( !mselves conceive & raise all necess>y public in/itutions & works4 ,gov]nm5t !n is n s necess>y = real ,*ri/ians4 ,x is necess>y pr9cipally1 z ! apo/le says1 = evil-do]s4 ,b if x be *iefly necess>y = evil-do]s1 !n gov]nors ought to be c>eful h[ !y make laws1 :i* may vex1 h>rass1 & emb>rass ,*ri/ians1 :om !y w always f9d to be ! be/ "p ( _! communities1 or1 9 o!r words1 h[ !y make laws1 :i* ,*ri/ians1 on acc\nt ( _! religi\s scruples1 _c consci5ti\sly obey4 ,x is a t5et ( ! ,quak]s1 on ! subject ( gov]nm5t1 t ! civil magi/rate has no "r to int]f]e 9 religi\s matt]s1 s z ei!r to =ce any p>ticul> doctr9es ^u m51 or to h9d] !m f wor%ipp+ ,god 9 _! own way1 provid$ t1 by _! cre$s & wor%ip1 !y d no detrim5t to o!rs4 ,! ,quak]s believe1 h[ev]1 t ,*ri/ian *ur*es may admoni% su* memb]s z fall into error1 & may ev5 cut !m (f f memb]%ip1 b ?is mu/ be done n by ! temporal1 b by ! spiritual sword4 ,?is t5et ! ,quak]s support1 fir/1 by reason4 ,religion1 !y say1 is a matt] solely1 betwe5 ,god & man1 t is1 betwe5 ,god & t man :o wor%ips him4 ,?is mu/ be obvi\s1 !y conceive1 because man is n acc\ntable to man = 8 religi\s op9ions1 except he b9ds himself to ! discipl9e ( any religi\s society1 b to ,god alone4 ,x mu/ be obvi\s aga91 !y say1 because no man c be a judge ov] ! consci5ce ( ano!r4 ,he c "k no?+ ( ! s9c]ity or hypocrisy ( 8 he>t4 ,he c be nei!r an infallible judge1 nor an infallible correct] ( 8 religi\s errors4 ,! consci5ce ( man1 says ,b>clay1 is ! seat & ?rone ( ,god 9 him1 ( :i* he alone is ! prop] & infallible judge1 :o1 by 8 p[] & _s1 c rectify its mi/akes4 ,x mu/ be obvi\s aga91 !y say1 f ! consid]ation t1 if x 7 ev5 possible = "o man to disc]n ! consci5ce ( ano!r1 x is impossible = him to b5d or contr\l x4 ,b consci5ce is plac$ bo? out ( 8 sight & ( 8 rea*4 ,x is nei!r visible nor tangible4 ,x is inaccessible by /ripes or torm5ts4 ,?us1 :ile ! body is 9 bondage1 on acc\nt ( ! religion ( ! s\l1 ! s\l itself is free1 &1 :ile x suff]s "u torture1 x enjoys ! div9ity1 & feels felicity 9 8 pres5ce4 ,b if all ^! ?+s are s1 x _c be )9 ! prov9ce ei!r ( individual magi/rates or ( gov]nm5ts1 consi/+ ( fallible m51 to fett] ! consci5ces ( ^? :o may live "u !m4 ,& any attempt to ?is end is consid]$ by ! ,quak]s z a direct usurpation ( ! pr]ogative ( ,god4 ,?is t5et ! ,quak]s adopt aga9 on a contemplation ( ! conduct & doctr9es ( ,jesus ,*ri/ & ( 8 apo/les4 ,!y f9d no?+ 9 ^!1 :i* c give ! lea/ h&le to any man to use =ce 9 ! religi\s conc]ns ( ano!r4 ,dur+ ! life ( ,jesus ,*ri/ ^u e>?1 x is no :]e record$ ( him1 t he c5sur$ any man = 8 religion4 ,x is true t he reprov$ ! ,scribes & ,ph>isees1 b ?is 0 on acc\nt ( _! hypocrisy1 because !y pret5d$ to be :at !y 7 n4 ,b he no :]e condemn$ ! dev\t ,jew1 :o 0 s9c]e 9 8 fai?4 ,b if he be f\nd no :]e to h c5sur$ ano!r = a diff]5ce 9 religi\s op9ions1 mu* less 0 x ev] said ( him1 t he =c$ him to ! adoption ( 8 own4 ,9 ! memorable in/ance1 :]e ,james & ,john 7 will+ to h call$ fire f ,heav51 to burn ^? :o refus$ to receive him1 he rebuk$ !m by an assurance1 t !y knew n :at _s !y 7 (4 ,&1 ) respect to 8 doctr9es1 no?+ c be m full to ! po9t ?an 8 say+1 t 8 k+dom 0 n ( ?is _w1 by :i* he meant t 8 dom9ion 0 :olly ( a spiritual nature1 & t m5 mu/ ca/ (f all worldly imag9ations1 & become spiritually m9d$1 be=e1 !y c\ld belong to him4 ,b no application ( outw>d =ce1 9 ! op9ion ( ! ,quak]s1 c ?us alt] ! int]nal man4 ,nor c ev5 ! cre$s & doctr9es ( o!rs produce ?is effect1 except !y become sanction$ by ! div9e influ5ce on ! he>t4 ,nei!r is x record$ ( any ( ! apo/les1 t !y us$ any o!r weapons ?an ^? ( p]suasion & ! p[] ( ,god 9 ! propagation ( _! doctr9es1 leav+ su* z did n *oose to foll[ !m to _! own way4 ,!y 7 explicit also 9 /at+ ! spiritual nature ( ,*ri/'s k+dom1 f :5ce an inf]5ce simil> to ! =m] is d$ucible1 namely1 t no compulsory int]f]5ce c be effectual 9 matt]s ( religion4 ,& ,/4 ,paul1 9 p>ticul>1 tells ! ,cor9?ians1 t1 9 8 spiritual s]vices to !m1 he does n consid] himself #a;z hav+ any dom9ion ov] _! fai?1 b z help]s ( _! joy4 ,footnote #a3 #b ,cor4 i4 #bd4 ,b if nei!r ,jesus ,*ri/1 :o 0 ! au?or ( t religion1 :i* _m civil gov]nm5ts h e/abli%$1 nor ! apo/les1 :o aft]w>ds propagat$ x1 =c$ _! doctr9es ^u o!r m51 or h9d]$ !m by =ce f wor%ipp+ 9 _! own way1 ev5 ?\gh ! =m] c\ld h call$ legions ( angels to 8 support1 x c]ta9ly does n become weak1 ignorant1 & fallible m51 because !y are plac$ 9 ! situation ( gov]nors1 to set up _! own cre$s z supreme1 & to ?r[ p5alties & re/rictions 9 ! way ( ! religi\s ex]cise ( o!rs4 ,b if gov]nors1 contr>y to ! example ( ,jesus ,*ri/ & ( 8 apo/les1 %\ld int]f]e 9 religi\s matt]s1 & impose laws ^u ! gov]n$1 ( :i*1 z ,*ri/ians1 !y _c b disapprove1 !n ! ,quak]s are ( op9ion1 t ! gov]n$ ought always to obey ! laws ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 r ?an ! laws ( any gov]nors1 :o are only m54 ,?us :5 ,pet] & ,john 7 comm&$ by ! rul]s ( ! ,jews to speak no m 9 ! "n ( ,jesus1 !y d>$ n yield ob$i5ce to _! comm&s1 reason+ ?us1#b ,:e!r x be "r 9 ! sight ( ,god to he>k5 unto y m ?an unto ,god1 judge ye4 ,footnote #b3 ,acts iv4 #ai4 ,& z ! gov]n$ 9 su* case ought1 9 ob$i5ce to ,god1 ! ,supreme ,rul] ( ! ,univ]se1 & ! ,k+ ( ,k+s1 to refuse a compliance ) ! laws ( _! own gov]nors1 s !y ought to be prep>$ pati5tly to submit to ! p5alties :i* are annex$ to su* refusal1 & on no acc\nt1 if j repres5tations made 9 ! meek & quiet _s ( _! religion1 are n likely to be effectual1 to take up arms or resi/ !m by =ce4 ,& ?is doctr9e !y gr\nd1 fir/1 on ! pr9ciple1 t x is n only m noble1 b m consi/5t ) _! duty z ,*ri/ians1 to suff]1 ?an to give gr[? to ! passions ( rev5ge1 or by op5 resi/ance to become ! occasion ( loss ( life to o!rs4 ,&1 secondly1 on ! example ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 & ( ! apo/les & primitive ,*ri/ians1 all ( :om pati5tly submitt$ to ! pa9s & p5alties inflict$ ^u !m by ! gov]nm5ts ( _! respective times = ! ex]cise ( _! religion4 ,,*ap4 ,,ii4 ,oa?s--,quak]s conceive x unlawful = ,*ri/ians to take an oa?--_! suff]+s on ?is acc\nt--,consid] oa?s z unnecess>y--z hav+ an immoral t5d5cy1 :i* ev5 ! ,hea!ns all[$--& z hav+ be5 =bidd5 by ,jesus ,*ri/--,explanation ( ! scriptural passages cit$ on ?is occasion--,*ri/ianity n s p]fect ) ! lawfulness ( oa?s z )\t x--,o!r reasons tak5 f consid]ations relative to ! anci5t oa? by ! "n ( ,god ,a second t5et1 :i* ! ,quak]s hold1 is1 t x is unlawful = ,*ri/ians to take a civil oa?4 ,_m & griev\s 7 ! suff]+s ( ! ,quak]s1 9 ! e>ly "p ( _! hi/ory1 on acc\nt ( _! refus+ to swe> be=e ! civil magi/rate4 ,!y 7 insult$1 f9$1 & imprison$4 ,"s ( ! judges too indulg$ a ranc\r aga9/ !m on ?is acc\nt1 unwor?y ( _! high (fice1 :i* prescrib$ ju/ice imp>tially to all4 ,= :5 !y c\ld n convict !m ( ! (f5ces laid to _! *>ge1 !y adm9i/]$ to !m ! oa? ( allegiance1 kn[+ t !y w\ld n take x1 & t confiscation ( prop]ty & imprisonm5t w\ld ensue4 ,b nei!r ill usage1 nor imprisonm5t1 nor loss ( prop]ty1 ev] made any impression ^u ! ,quak]s1 s z to induce !m to swe> 9 judicial cases1 & !y cont9u$ to suff]1 till ! legislature1 tir$ out ) ! cries ( _! oppression1 decre$1 t _! affirmation %\ld 9 all cases except crim9al1 or 9 t ( s]v+ ^u juries1 or 9 t ( qualifications = po/s ( hon\r or emolum5t "u gov]nm5t1 be receiv$ z equival5t to _! oa?4 ,& ?is indulg5ce t[>ds !m is cont9u$ to !m by law to ! pres5t day4 ,! ,quak]s h an objection to oa?s1 z solemn appeals to ,god1 because !y are unnecess>y4 ,x is an old say+ among ! ,quak] writ]s1 t tru? 0 be=e all oa?s4 ,by ?is !y mean1 !re 0 a "t1 :5 m5's words 7 receiv$ z tru?s1 )\t ! int]v5tion ( an oa?4 ,anci5t fable1 inde$1 tells u1 t !re 7 no oa?s 9 ! gold5 age1 b t1 :5 m5 dep>t$ f _! primitive simplicity1 & began to qu>rel ) "o ano!r1 !y _h rec\rse to falsehood to sub/antiate _! own case1 aft] :i* x became necess>y1 t "s exp$i5t %\ld be devis$1 9 ! case ( disputes1 = ! asc]ta9+ ! tru?4 ,h5ce ,hesiod makes ! god ( oa?s ! son ( ,esis or ( cont5tion4 ,?is1 acc\nt diff]s b little f t ( ,polybuis1 :o says1 t ! use ( oa?s 9 judgm5t 0 r>e among ! anci5ts1 b t1 z p]fidy grew1 oa?s increas$4 ,& z x is a say+ ( ! ,quak]s1 t tru? 0 be=e all oa?s1 s !y believe1 t tru? w\ld be spok51 if oa?s 7 done away4 ,?us1 t :i* is call$ hon\r by ! _w1 w b9d m5 to ! tru?1 :o p]haps "k b little ( religion4 ,b if s1 !n he1 :o makes ,*ri/ianity 8 guide1 w n be f\nd kn[+ly 9 a falsehood1 ?\gh he be depriv$ ( ! opportunity ( swe>+4 ,b if x be true1 t tru? exi/$ be=e ! inv5tion ( oa?s1 & t tru? w\ld /ill be spok51 ev5 if all oa?s 7 aboli%$1 !n ! ,quak]s say1 t oa?s are n s necess>y z "s h imag9$1 because !y h b a second>y effect 9 ! production ( ! tru?4 ,?is conclusion !y consid] also z ! result ( reason4 ,= good m5 w speak tru? )\t an oa?1 & bad m5 w h>dly be influ5c$ by "o4 ,& :]e oa?s are reg>d$1 x is probable t tru? is =c$ out ( m51 n s mu*1 because !y consid] !m z solemn appeals to ,god1 z t !y consid] ! p5alties1 :i* w foll[ _! violation2 s t a simple affirmation1 "u ! same pa9s & p5alties1 w\ld be equally productive ( ! tru?4 ,! ,quak]s consid] oa?s aga9 z v injuri\s to morality4 ,= fir/1 !y conceive x to be great presumption 9 m5 to summon ,god z a witness 9 _! trill+ & e>?ly conc]ns4 ,!y believe1 secondly1 t1 if m5 accu/om !mselves to call ^u ,god on civil occasions1 !y r5d] 8 "n s famili> to !m1 t !y are likely to lose ! rev]5ce due to x1 or s to bl5d religi\s ) secul> consid]ations1 t !y become 9 dang] ( los+ sight ( ! dignity1 solemnity1 & awfulness ( devotion4 ,& x is n an unusual rem>k1 t p]sons1 mo/ accu/om$ to oa?s1 are ! mo/ likely to p]jury4 ,a cu/om-h\se oa? has become prov]bial 9 our own c\ntry4 ,i d n mean by ?is to accuse m]cantile m5 9 p>ticul>1 b to /ate x z a receiv$ op9ion1 t1 :]e m5 make solemn ?+s famili>1 !re is a dang] ( _! moral degradation4 ,h5ce ! ,quak]s consid] ! common adm9i/ration ( oa?s to h a t5d5cy t is injuri\s to ! moral int]e/s ( m54 ,?is notion relative to ! bad t5d5cy ( oa?s1 ! ,quak]s /ate to h prevail$ ev5 9 ! ,g5tile _w4 ,z ,hea!n philosophy became pure1 x br&$ ! sy/em ( swe>+ z p]nici\s to morals4 ,x 0 ! practice ( ! ,p]sians to give ea* o!r _! "r h& z a tok5 ( _! speak+ ! tru?4 ,he1 :o gave 8 h& deceitfully1 0 acc\nt$ m dete/able ?an if he _h sworn ! ,scy?ians1 9 _! conf]5ce ) ,alex&] ! ,great1 address$ him ?us3 ,?9k n t ! ,scy?ians confirm _! fri5d%ip by an oa?4 ,!y swe> by keep+ _! ^w4 ,! ,phrygians 7 :olly aga9/ oa?s4 ,!y nei!r took !m !mselves1 nor requir$ !m ( o!rs4 ,among ! prov]bs ( ! ,arabs1 ?is 0 a celebrat$ "o1 ,nev] swe>1 b let ?y ^w be yes or no4 ,s religi\s 0 ,h]cules1 says ,plut>*1 t he nev] swore b once4 ,cl9ias1 a ,greek philosoph]1 & a s*ol> ( ,py?agoras1 is said to h dread$ an oa? s mu*1 t1 :5 by swe>+ he c\ld h escap$ a f9e ( ?ree tal5ts1 he *ose r to pay ! money ?an d x1 ?\gh he 0 to h sworn no?+ b ! tru?4 ,inde$1 ?r\gh\t all ,greece1 ! sy/em ( swe>+ 0 consid]$ z ( ! mo/ immoral t5d5cy1 ! v ^w1 :i* signifi$ p]jur$1 9 ! ,greek language1 mean+1 :5 analys$1 he t adds oa? to oa?1 or ! tak] ( _m oa?s4 ,b1 above all1 ! ,quak]s consid] oa?s z unlawful = ,*ri/ians1 hav+ be5 positively =bidd5 by ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,! words1 9 :i* !y conceiv$ ?is prohibition to h be5 conta9$1 !y take f ! s]mon on ! ,m\nt4 #c ,aga91 ye h he>d1 t x ha? be5 said by !m ( old "t1 ,?\ %alt n =swe> ?yself1 b %all p]=m unto ! ,"l ?9e oa?s4 ,footnote #c3 ,matt4 v4 #cc4 ,b ,i say unto y1 swe> n at all1 nei!r by heav51 because x is ,god's ?rone4 ,nor by ! e>?1 = x is 8 foot/ool3 nei!r by ,j]usalem1 = x is ! city ( ! great ,k+4 ,nei!r %alt ?\ swe> by ?y head1 because ?\ can/ n make "o hair :ite or black4 ,b let y\r communication be yea1 yea2 nay1 nay3 = :atsoev] is m ?an ?is come? ( evil4 ,x is said by ^?1 :o oppose ! ,quak]s on ?is subject1 t ^! words relate1 n to civil oa?s1 b to su* z are us$ by pr(ane p]sons 9 ! c\rse ( _! conv]sation4 ,b ! ,quak]s d5y ?is1 because ! disciples1 z ,jews1 mu/ h kn[n t pr(ane swe>+ _h be5 unlawful long be=e ?is prohibition ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,!y mu/ relate1 !re=e1 to some?+ else1 & to some?+1 :i* _h n be=e be5 =bidd54 ,!y d5y x also on acc\nt ( ! con/ruction ( ! s5t5ces1 & ( ! mean+ ( ! sev]al words 9 ^!4 ,= ! words1 ,swe> n at all1 9 ! second ( ! v]ses1 :i* h be5 quot$1 h an imm$iate ref]5ce to ! words 9 ! fir/4 ,?us !y relate to ! ^w =swe>1 9 ! fir/4 ,b if !y relate to ! ^w =swe>1 !y mu/ relate to p]jury1 & if to p]jury1 !n to a civil oa?1 or to an oa?1 :]e an appeal is made to ,god by man1 z to some?+ relat+ to himself4 ,! ^w oa? also is explicitly m5tion$ 9 ! fir/ ( ^! v]ses1 & m5tion$ z an oa? :i* _h be5 all[$4 ,n[ !re 0 "o oa?1 :i* _h be5 all[$ 9 anci5t "t4 ,! ,jews _h be5 p]mitt$1 9 matt]s ( judgm5t1 to swe> by ! "n ( ,god4 ,?is p]mission 0 giv5 !m1 = "o1 among o!r reasons1 t !y might be prev5t$ f swe>+ by ! "n ( ^? idols by :i* _! neighb\rs swore2 = a solemn appeal to any ,hea!n god necess>ily includes an ackn[l$gm5t ( ! omnipres5ce ( ! same4 ,t !y relat$ to ?is oa? 9 p>ticul>1 ! ,quak]s conceive to be obvi\s f ! prohibition 9 ! v]ses :i* h be5 cit$1 ( swe>+ by heav51 by e>?1 & by o!r ?+s4 ,! ,jews1 kn[+ ! sacr$ness ( ! "n ( ,god1 _h an awful notion ( ! consequ5ces ( p]jury1 if committ$ aft] an appeal to x1 & !re=e _h rec\rse to ! names ( ! creatures1 9 case !y %\ld swe> falsely4 ,b ev5 ! oa?s1 ?us sub/itut$ by !m1 are =bidd5 by ,jesus ,*ri/2 & !y are =bidd5 ^u ?is pr9ciple1 z we f9d by a subsequ5t explanation giv5 by ,/4 ,mat!w1 t :osoev] swore by ^! creatures1 really & positively swore by ! "n ( ,god4 ,b if !y are =bidd51 because swe>+ by ^! creatures is ! same ?+ z swe>+ by ,god :o made !m1 !n ! oa? by ! "n ( ,god1 :i* _h be5 p]mitt$ to ! ,jews ( old1 0 int5d$ by ,jesus ,*ri/ to be discont9u$1 or to h no place 9 8 new religion4 ,! ,quak]s !n1 consid]+ ! words 9 "q to h ! mean+ n[ annex$ to !m1 give ! foll[+ l>g] explanation ( :at 0 ! int5tion ( our ,savi\r ^u ?is occasion4 ,9 8 s]mon on ! ,m\nt1 ( :i* ^! words on ! subject ( oa?s are a "p1 he inculcat$ into 8 disciples a sy/em ( morality1 f> exce$+ t ( ! ,jews1 & !re=e 9 ! v]ses :i* prec$e ^? ^u ?is subject1 he tells !m1 t :]eas x 0 said ( old1 ?\ %all n kill1 he expect$ ( !m1 t !y %\ld n ev5 ent]ta9 ! passion ( rev5ge4 ,& :]eas x 0 said ( old1 ?\ %alt n commit adult]y1 he expect$1 t !y %\ld n ev5 lu/ aft] o!rs1 if !y 7 m>ri$1 or aft] ^? 9 a m>ri$ /ate4 ,?us he br+s bo? murd] & adult]y f act to ?\ght4 ,he atta*es a crim9ality to unlawful feel+s if n suppress$1 or aims at ! subjugation ( ! passions1 z ! spr+s ( ! evil actions ( m54 ,go+ on to %ew ! f>!r sup]iority ( 8 sy/em ( morality ov] t ( ! ,jews1 he says aga91 :]eas x 0 said ( old1 ?\ %all n =swe> ?yself1 he expects t !y %\ld n swe> at all1 n ev5 by ! "n ( ,god1 :i* _h be5 =m]ly all[$1 = t he came to abrogate ! anci5t law1 & p]jury ) x4 ,x 0 8 object to make ! ^w ( 8 true disciples equal to ! anci5t oa?4 ,?us he sub/itut$ tru? = oa?s4 ,& he made ?is ess5tial diff]5ce betwe5 a ,jew & a ,*ri/ian1 t1 :]eas ! "o swore 9 ord] t he might be believ$2 ! o!r 0 to speak tru? 9 ord] t he might n swe>4 ,su* 0 ! int5d$ advance f ,jew to ,*ri/ian1 or f ,moses to ,*ri/4 ,! ,quak]s are f>!r confirm$ 9 _! ideas ^u ?is subject1 by believ+1 t ,*ri/ianity w\ld n h be5 z p]fect z !y appreh5d x to h be5 int5d$ to be1 )\t ?is re/riction ^u oa?s4 ,is x possible1 !y say1 t ,jesus ,*ri/ w\ld h left x to ,*ri/ians to imag9e1 t _! words 7 to be d\bt$ on any occasion8 ,w\ld he h left x to !m to ?9k s di%on\rably ( "o ano!r1 or ( _! new vocation1 t _! words 7 to be tri$ by ! t\*/one ( oa?s1 :5 8 religion 0 to h a great] effect ?an any =m] sy/em ( morality ev] kn[n1 9 ! production ( tru?8 ,is x possible1 :5 oa?s sprung out ( fraud & falsehood1 z he himself witnesses1 7= :atev] is m ?an yea & nay1 come? ( evil7 t he w\ld h left ?is remnant ( antiquity /&+1 z if 8 religion 0 n int5d$ to extirpate ! v gr\nd-"w ( x8 ,f9ally1 ! ,quak]s are confirm$ 9 _! ideas ^u ?is subject f a belief t oa?s 7 to cease1 ei!r at ! com+ ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 or z m5 became ,*ri/ians4 ,=1 9 ! fir/ place1 ! oa? by ! "n ( ,god1 is consid]$ by "s1 z ,i h be=e notic$1 to h be5 p]mitt$ to ! ,jews dur+ _! weak /ate1 t !y might n swe> by ! idols ( _! cotempor>y neighb\rs1 & ?us lose sight ( ! only & true ,god4 ,b :at ,*ri/ian /&s 9 ne$ ( any pres]vative aga9/ idolatry1 or ( any commemorative ( ! exi/5ce & sup]9t5d5ce ( an almighty1 wise1 b5efic5t1 & moral ,gov]nor ( ! _w8 ,"s aga9 h imag9$1 t1 z ! diff]5t purifications among ! ,jews1 d5ot+ ! hol9ess ( ,god1 signifi$ t x became m5 to endeav\r to be holy1 s ! oa? by ! "n ( ,god1 d5ot+ ! v]ity ( ,god1 signifi$1 t x became m5 to devote !mselves to ! tru?4 ,b no true ,*ri/ian /&s 9 ne$ ( su* symbols1 to make him consid] 8 ^w z equival5t to 8 oa?4 ,o!rs aga9 h imag9$1 t ! oa? by ! "n ( ,god1 typifi$ ! tru?1 or ! et]nal ^w4 ,b z ! type ceases :5 ! antitype appe>s1 s ! com+ ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 :o 9 ! gospel language is call$ bo? ! tru? & ! et]nal ^w1 may be consid]$ z putt+ an end to ?is1 z to o!r types & %ad[s1 ( ! ,jewi% *ur*4 ,,*ap4 ,,iii4 ,,sect4 ,i4 ,w>--,t5et on w>--,quak]s hold x unlawful = ,*ri/ians to fight--,scriptural passages1 :i* !y produce 9 support ( ?is t5et--,argum5ts :i* o!rs produce f scriptural au?ority aga9/ x--,reply ( ! ,quak]s to ^! argum5ts4 ,! next ( ! great t5ets :i* ! ,quak]s hold1 is on ! subject ( w>4 ,!y believe x unlawful = ,*ri/ians to engage 9 ! pr(ession ( arms1 or inde$ to be> arms "u any circum/ances ( ho/ility :atev]4 ,h5ce !re is no su* "* z t ( a ,quak] soldi]4 ,a ,quak] is always able to avoid ! regul> army1 because ! circum/ance ( ent]+ into x is a matt] ( *oice4 ,b :]e he has no su* *oice1 z is ! case 9 ! militia1 he ei!r submits1 if he has prop]ty1 to di/ra9ts ^u x1 or1 if he has n1 to prison4#d ,footnote #d3 ,! ,quak]s h be5 *>g$ ) inconsi/5cy 9 refus+ milit>y s]vice1 & yet 9 pay+ ^? taxes1 :i* are expressly = ! support ( w>s4 ,to ?is *>ge !y reply1 t !y believe x to be _! duty to r5d] to ,caes> ! ?+s :i* are ,caes>'s1 & to leave ! application ( !m to ,caes> himself1 z he judges be/ = ! support ( gov]nm5t4 ,?is duty !y collect f ! example ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 :o paid ! tribute money himself1 & ord]$ 8 disciples to d x1 & ?is to a gov]nm5t1 n only pr(ess$ly milit>y1 b di/+ui%$ = its idolatry & despotism4 ,p]sonal s]vice1 h[ev]1 !y conceive to militate aga9/ a positive comm& by our ,savi\r1 z w be expla9$ 9 ?is *apt]4 ,! ,quak]s gr\nd ! illicitness ( w> on sev]al passages1 :i* are to be f\nd 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,i %all n quote all ! texts !y br+ =w>d1 b %all make a selection ( !m on ?is occasion4 ,jesus ,*ri/1 9 ! fam\s s]mon1 :i* he prea*$ ^u ! ,m\nt1 took occasion to m5tion specifically "s ( ! precepts ( ! ,jewi% law1 & to in=m 8 he>]s1 t he expect$ ( ^?1 :o 7 to be 8 true disciples1 t !y w\ld c>ry ^! to a mu* high] ext5t 9 _! practice "u ! new disp5sation1 :i* he 0 !n af=d+ !m4 ,*ri/ianity requir$ a great] p]fection ( ! human "* ?an "u ! law4 ,m5 7 n only n to kill1 b n ev5 to *]i% ! passion ( rev5ge4#e ,& :]eas x 0 said ( old1 an eye = an eye1 & a too? = a too?1 ,i say unto y1 says ,*ri/1 t ye resi/ n evil2 b :osoev] %all smite !e on ?y "r *eek1 turn to him ! o!r also4 ,& f>!r on 9 ! same *apt]1 he says1 ,ye h he>d t x ha? be5 said1 ,?\ %alt love ?y neighb\r1 & hate ?9e enemy3 ,b ,i say unto y1 love y\r enemies1#f bless !m t curse y1 d good to !m t hate y1 & pray = !m t despitefully use y & p]secute y4 ,= if ye love !m :i* love y1 :at rew>d h y8 d n ev5 ! ,publicans ! same8 ,be ye !re=e p]fect1 ev5 z y\r ,fa!r :i* is 9 heav5 is p]fect4 ,n[ ! ,quak]s are ( op9ion1 t no man c receive ?is doctr9e 8 he>t1 & assi/ ei!r (f5sively or def5sively 9 ! op]ations ( w>4 ,footnote #e3 ,matt4 v4 #ch4 ,footnote #f3 ,! ,hea!n nations1 on acc\nt ( _! idolatry1 7 call$ enemies by ! ,jews4 ,o!r passages1 quot$ by ! ,quak]s1 9 fav\r ( _! t5et on w>1 are tak5 f ! apo/les ,paul & ,james conjo9tly4 ,! =m]1 9 8#g second epi/le to ! ,cor9?ians1 says1 ,= ?\gh we walk 9 ! fle%1 we d n w> aft] ! fle%3 ,= ! weapons ( our w>f>e are n c>nal1 b mighty ?r\gh ,god to ! pull+ d[n ( /rong holds1 to ! ca/+ d[n imag9ations1 & e high ?+ t exalte? itself aga9/ ! k ( ,god1 & br++ into captivity e ?\ght to ! ob$i5ce ( ,*ri/4 ,f h5ce ! ,quak]s argue1 t ! w>f>e ( ,*ri/ianity1 or t :i* ,*ri/ianity recognises1 is n c>nal1 b spiritual1 & t x consi/s 9 ! de/ruction ( ! evil imag9ations1 or ( ! evil lu/s & passions ( m54 ,t is1 no man c be a true soldi] ( ,*ri/1 unless 8 lu/s are subdu$1 or unless ! c>nal be done away by ! spiritual m9d4 ,n[ ?is position hav+ be5 laid d[n by ,/4 ,paul1 or ! position hav+ be5 e/abli%$ 9 ,*ri/ian morals1 t a /ate ( subjugat$ passions is "o ( ! great *>act]i/ic m>ks ( a true ,*ri/ian1 ! ,quak]s draw a conclusion f x by ! help ( ! words ( ,/4 ,james4 ,?is apo/le1 9 8 lett] to ! disp]s$ tribes1 :i* 7 (t5 at w> ) ea* o!r1 z well z ) ! ,romans1 says1#h ,f :5ce come w>s & fight+s among y8 ,come !y n h5ce ev5 ( y\r lu/s t w> 9 y\r memb]s8 ,b if w>s come f ! lu/s ( m51 !n ! ,quak]s say1 t ^? :o h subdu$ _! lu/s1 c no long] engage 9 !m1 or1 9 o!r words1 t true ,*ri/ians1 be+ p]sons ( ?is description1 or be+ su*1 accord+ to ,/4 ,paul1 z are r$eem$ out ( :at ,/4 ,james calls ! v gr\nds & occasions ( w>s1 c no long] fight4 ,& z ?is proposition is true 9 itself1 s ! ,quak]s conceive ! conv]se ( x to be true also3 ,= if !re are p]sons1 on ! o!r h&1 :o delib]ately engage 9 ! w>s & fight+s ( ! _w1 x is a pro(1 t _! lu/s are n yet subjugat$1 or t1 ?\gh !y may be nom9al1 !y are n yet arriv$ at ! /ature ( true or ( full-gr[n ,*ri/ians4 ,footnote #g3 #b ,cor4 x4 #c1 #d1 #e4 ,footnote #h3 ,james iv4 ,i4 ,a ?ird quotation1 made by ! ,quak]s1 is tak5 f ,/4 ,paul exclusively4#i ,n[ if any man h n ! _s ( ,*ri/1 he is none ( 84 ,t is1 if m5 h n ! same disposition :i* ,jesus ,*ri/ manife/$ 9 ! diff]5t situations ( 8 life1 ! same _s ( humility & ( =be>ance1 & ( love1 & ( =giv5ess ( injuries1 or if !y d n foll[ him z a patt]n1 or if !y d n act z he w\ld h done on any simil> occasion1 !y are n ,*ri/ians4 ,n[ !y conceive1 kn[+ :at ! _s ( ,jesus 0 by ^? ?+s :i* h be5 record$ ( him1 t he c\ld nev] h be5 induc$ or compell$1 by any e>?ly consid]ation or p[]1 to h engag$ 9 ! w>s ( ! _w4 ,!y are aw>e t 8 mission1 :i* x became him to fulfil1 & :i* engross$ all 8 "t1 w\ld n h all[$ him ! opportunity ( a milit>y life4 ,b !y believe1 indep5d5tly ( ?is1 t ! _s :i* he manife/$ ^u e>?1 w\ld h be5 ( itself a suffici5t b> to su* an employm5t4 ,?is !y judge f 8 op9ions & 8 precepts4 ,= h[ c\ld he h tak5 up arms to fight1 :o enjo9$ 9 ! new disp5sation1 t m5 7 n to resi/ evil2 t !y 7 to love _! enemies2 t !y 7 to bless ^? :o curs$ !m1 & to d good to ^? :o hat$ !m8 ,?is !y judge also f 8 practice4 ,= h[ c\ld he h lift$ up 8 arm aga9/ ano!r1 :o1 :5 he 0 revil$1 revil$ n aga92 & :o1 9 8 v agony ^u ! ,cross1 pray$ = 8 p]secutors1 say+1 ,fa!r1 =give !m1 = !y "k n :at !y d4 ,b if ,jesus ,*ri/ c\ld n h be5 induc$ or compell$ to h engag$ 9 a pr(ession1 :i* w\ld h subject$ him to take away ! life ( ano!r1 s nei!r c any ,*ri/ian2 = if a man h n ! _s ( ,*ri/1 he is none ( 84 ,footnote #i3 ,rom4 viii4 #i4 ,?ree argum5ts are usually br\ght aga9/ ! ,quak]s on ?is subject4 ,! fir/ is1 t ,john ! ,bapti/1#aj :5 ! soldi]s dem&$ ( him :at !y %\ld d1 did n desire !m to leave ! s]vice 9 :i* !y 7 engag$1 b1 on ! o!r h&1 to be cont5t ) _! wages4 ,to ?is ! ,quak]s reply1 t ,john told !m also1 to d viol5ce to no man4 ,b ev5 if he _h n said ?is1 !y appreh5d t no?+ c\ld be d$uc$ f 8 expressions1 :i* c\ld become b9d+ ^u ,*ri/ians4 ,= ,john 0 ! la/ prophet ( ! old disp5sation1 b 0 nev] admitt$ into ! new4 ,he belong$ to ! sy/em :i* requir$ an eye = an eye1 & a too? = a too?1 b n to t :i* requir$ no resi/ance to evil1 & :i* insi/$ ^u ! love ( enemies z well z ( fri5ds4 ,h5ce ,jesus ,*ri/ said ( him1 t he :o 0 lea/ 9 ! k+dom ( heav51 0 great] ?an he4 ,footnote #aj3 ,luke iii4 #ad4 ,! second argum5t br\ght aga9/ ! ,quak]s on ?is occasion1 is ( a simil> nature ) ! =m]4 ,x is said t1 if w> _h be5 unlawful1 our ,savi\r1 :5 ! c5turion#aa came to him at ,cap]naum1 w\ld h f\nd fault ) 8 pr(ession2 b he did n d ?is1 b on ! o!r h& he highly comm5d$ him = 8 religion4 ,9 answ] to ?is ! ,quak]s obs]ve1 fir/1 t no solid argum5t c be drawn f sil5ce on any occasion4 ,secondly1 t ,jesus ,*ri/ seems1 = wise purposes1 to h ab/a9$ f m$dl+ ) _m ( ! civil in/itutions ( 8 "t1 ?\gh 9 !mselves wick$1 ?9k+ probably1 t x 0 suffici5t to h left beh9d him su* g5]al precepts1 z1 :5 appli$ prop]ly1 w\ld be subv]sive ( !m all4 ,&1 ?irdly1 t he nev] comm5d$ ! c5turion on acc\nt ( 8 milit>y situation1 b on acc\nt ( 8 pr(ession ( 8 fai?4 ,footnote #aa3 ,matt4 viii4 #e4 ,!y say f>!r1 t !y c br+ an argum5t ( a mu* m positive nature ?an t j m5tion$1 f an incid5t :i* took place1 & :]e ,jesus 0 aga9 conc]n$4 ,:5 ,pet] cut (f ! e> ( "o ( ! s]vants ( ! high prie/1 :o 0 conc]n$ 9 ! appreh5sion ( 8 ,"l1 he 0 n applaud$1 b reprim&$ = ! "p :i* he ?us took 9 8 def5ce 9 ! foll[+ words3#ab ,put up aga9 ?y sword 9 its place1 = all !y t take ! sword1 %all p]i% by ! sword4 ,n[ ! ,quak]s conceive1 t mu* m is to be inf]r$ aga9/ ! use ( ! sword f ?is in/ance1 ?an f ! =m] 9 fav\r ( x4 ,footnote #ab3 ,matt4 xxvi1 #eb4 ,! la/ argum5t1 :i* is usually adduc$ aga9/ ! ,quak]s on ?is subject1 is1 t !y h mi/ak5 ! mean+ ( ! words ( ! fam\s s]mon ^u ! ,m\nt4 ,^! words tea* u ! noble lesson1 t x is m consi/5t ) ! "* ( a ,*ri/ian to =give1 ?an to resi/ an injury4 ,!y are1 x is said1 :olly ( private import1 & relate solely to private occurr5ces 9 life4 ,b ! ,quak]s h ext5d$ ! mean+ ( !m beyond private to public injuries or w>s4 ,! ,quak]s1 9 answ] to ?is obs]ve1 t !y d>e n give to ! words 9 "q a less ext5sive mean+4 ,!y relate to e "o :o reads !m4 ,!y relate to ! poor4 ,!y relate to ! ri*4 ,!y relate to1 e pot5tate :o may be ! rul] ( a l&4 ,!y relate to e individual ( 8 c\ncil4 ,!re is no exception1 or disp5sation to any "o1 9 fav\r ( any case4 ,t !y relate to public z well z private w>s1 or t !y ext5d !mselves naturally to ^? :i* are public1 ! ,quak]s conceive x reasonable to suppose f ! foll[+ consid]ation4 ,no man1 !y appreh5d1 c possess practically ! div9e pr9ciple ( lov+ an individual enemy at home1 or ( do+ good to ! man :o hates him1 b he mu/ ( necessity love 8 enemy 9 any & e o!r place4 ,he mu/ h gone s = =w>d on ! road to ,*ri/ian p]fection1 z to be unable to be> arms aga9/ any o!r p]son :atsoev]1 & p>ticul>ly :51 accord+ to ! doctr9es ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 no geographical b\nd>ies fix ! limits ( love & enmity betwe5 man & man1 b ! :ole human race are consid]$ z ! *ildr5 ( ! same p>5t1 & !re=e z bro!rs to "o ano!r4 ,b :o c truly love an enemy & kill him8 ,& :]e is ! diff]5ce1 "u ! ,gospel disp5sation1 betwe5 ,jew & ,g5tile1 ,greek & ,b>b>ian1 bond & free8 ,t ^! words 7 meant to ext5d to public z well z to private w>e1 ! ,quak]s believe aga9 f ! views :i* !y ent]ta9 relative to ! completion ( prophecy4 ,!y believe t a "t w come1 9 "o or o!r ( ! succe$+ ages1 :5 m5 %all b5t _! swords into pl\gh%>es1 & _! spe>s into prun+-hooks1 & :5 nation %all n lift up sword aga9/ nation1 & !y %all n le>n w> any m4 ,n[ o!r ,*ri/ians1 :o diff] f !m 9 ! int]pretation ( ! words 9 "q1 believe equally ) !m1 t ! times ?us pr$ict$ w come to pass4 ,! "q !n is1 :e!r ! m enl>g$ int]pretation ( ^! words1 z insi/$ ^u by ! ,quak]s1 or ( ! less enl>g$ z insi/$ ^u by o!rs1 be ! mo/ consi/5t ) ! belief ( ! future accompli%m5t ( ! prophecy j m5tion$4 ,& 9 ?is case ! ,quak]s are ( op9ion1 t if w>s 7 ev] to cease1 "o ought to expect t "s f\ndation w\ld h be5 previ\sly laid 9 ,*ri/ianity = ?is great & important end4 ,! subjugation ( ! passions1 :i* x is ! direct t5d5cy ( ,*ri/ianity to effect1 w\ld produce ?is end4 ,& s f> su* a f\ndation has already be5 laid 9 ?is sy/em4 ,b z ! admission ( moral precepts into ! education ( man1 s z to =m habits ( moral op9ion1 is ano!r1 way ( influ5c+ conduct 9 life1 ! ,quak]s ?9k x likely t "s su* maxim z t ,*ri/ians %\ld n fight1 w\ld h be5 introduc$ also1 because ! adoption ( su* a maxim w\ld h _h a simil> t5d5cy ) ! subjugation ( ! passions 9 produc+ ! same end4 ,= x seems absurd1 !y conceive1 to suppose t w>s %\ld cease1 & t no precept %\ld h be5 held out t !y 7 wrong4 ,b ! m enl>g$ int]pretation ( ! words 9 "q furni%es su* a precept1 & !re=e ano!r f\ndation seems to h be5 laid 9 ,*ri/ianity = ! same end4 ,!y admit1 !re=e1 ! l>g] int]pretation z includ$ 9 ! less1 because x comports m ) ! design ( ,provid5ce1 :o1 by ! m\? ( 8 prophets wills univ]sal peace1 t ! prohibition ( public z well z ( private w>s %\ld be und]/ood z a ,*ri/ian doctr9e1 ?an t ! words 9 "q %\ld be conf9$ to private injuries alone4 ,! la/ reason1 :i* ! ,quak]s give = adopt+ ! l>g] int]pretation ( ! words 9 ! s]mon ^u ! ,m\nt1 z well z ! less1 is ! foll[+4 ,!y are ( op9ion1 t1 z ,*ri/ians1 !y ought n to less5 ! numb] ( ! moral obligations ( ! ,gospel4 ,!y ought n to abridge its dignity1 nor to put limits to its b5evol5ce4 ,if x 0 ! desire ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 t m5 %\ld love _! enemies1 x is _! duty to believe1 t 8 wi% c\ld n h be5 o!rwise ?an univ]sal4 ,if x 0 an object ) him to cure moral evil1 x is _! duty to suppose1 t x 0 8 desire to de/roy x1 n p>tially1 b to ! utmo/ possible ext5t4 ,if x 0 8 design to give happ9ess to man1 x is _! duty to det]m9e1 t he int5d$ to give x n 9 a limit$ proportion1 b 9 ! l>ge/ measure4 ,b :5 !y consid] ! nature ( w>s1 t !y militate aga9/ ! law ( pres]vation1 t !y include ! commission ( a multitude ( crimes1 t !y produce a complication ( mis]y & suff]+ to man1 !y conceive !y w\ld n be do+ _! duty z ,*ri/ians1 or giv+ to ,*ri/ianity its due hon\r1 if !y 7 n to admit ! l>g] mean+ ( ! words 9 "q z well z ! less4 ,reason too1 pleads = ! "o z well z = ! o!r4 ,consi/5cy ( moral doctr9e aga9 dem&s bo?4 ,b if we admit ! re/rict$ int]pretation1 & exclude ! l>g]1 we (f5d reason4 ,all consi/5cy is at an end4 ,individual responsibility = moral turpitude w be tak5 f man4 ,crimes1 cle>ly m>k$ & def9$ 9 ! page ( ,*ri/ianity1 w cease to be crimes at ! w ( pr9ces4 ,"o contradiction w ru% 9 aft] ano!r2 & m5 w h two diff]5t /&>ds ( morality1 z !y adh]e to ! comm&s ( ! ,gospel1 or to ! cu/oms ( gov]nm5ts or ( ! _w4 ,,sect4 ,,ii4 ,mean+ ( ! scriptural passages advanc$ by ! ,quak]s1 support$ by ! op9ions & practice ( ! e>ly ,*ri/ians--,e>ly ,*ri/ian writ]s held x unlawful = ,*ri/ians to fight1 z appe>s f ,ju/9--,tatian--,clem5s--& o!rs--,*ri/ians w\ld n ent] into ! armies = m ?an two c5turies1 z appe>s f ,ir5eus--,t]tullian --,celsus--,orig5 & o!rs--& g5]ally left ! milit>y s]vice1 if !y happ5$ to be conv]t$ 9 x4 ,x may be presum$ to be difficult = ,*ri/ians1 :o h be5 9 ! habit ( see+ w>s ent]$ into & c>ri$ on by _! own & o!r ,*ri/ian gov]nm5ts1 & )\t any o!r c5sure ?an t !y might be politically wrong1 to see ! scriptural passages ( non-resi/ance to evil & love ( enemies1 b ?r\gh a vitiat$ m$ium4 ,! prejudices ( "s1 ! int]e/s ( o!rs1 & cu/om ) all1 w induce a belief among !m1 t ^! h no relation to public w>s4 ,at lea/ !y w be glad to scre5 !mselves "u su* a notion4 ,b ! "q is1 :at a ,hea!n w\ld h said to ^! passages1 :o1 on 8 conv]sion to ,*ri/ianity1 believ$ t ! ,new ,te/am5t 0 ( div9e orig91 t x 0 ! book ( life1 & t ! precepts1 :i* x conta9$1 7 n to be disp5s$ )1 to suit p>ticul> cases1 )\t ! imputation ( evil4 ,n[ su* a trial1 ! ,quak]s say1 has be5 made4 ,x 0 made by ! fir/ ,*ri/ians1 & !y affirm1 t ^! int]pret$ ! passages1 :i* h be5 m5tion$1 diff]5tly f ^? ( mo/ ( ! ,*ri/ians ( ! pres5t age2 = t bo? _! op9ions & _! practice spoke l\dly aga9/ ! lawfulness ( w>4 ,^u ?is new subject ,i %all ent] next4 ,& ,i confess ,i %all ent] ^u x will+ly4 ,fir/1 because ,i "k ( none t is m important4 ,secondly1 because1 ?\gh controv]sy may h ?r[n "s light ^u x1 mu* rema9s to be add$4 ,&1 ?irdly1 because ! ass]tions ( ! ,quak]s on ?is po9t are disput$ by _m at ! pres5t day4 ,) respect to ! op9ions ( ! e>ly ,quak]s1 :i* ,i %all notice fir/1 x mu/ be premis$1 t su* ( !m z h writt5 books1 h n all ( !m ent]$ on ?is subject4 ,"s ( !m h n _h ev5 occasion to m5tion x4 ,b :]e !y h1 & :]e !y h express$ an op9ion1 ,i believe t ?is w be f\nd unfav\rable to ! cont9uance ( w>4 ,ju/9 ! ,m>tyr1 "o ( ! e>lie/ writ]s 9 ! second c5tury1 consid]s w> z unlawful4 ,he makes also ! devil ! au?or ( all w>4 ,no sev]] s5t5ce c\ld h be5 pass$ ^u x ?an ?is1 :5 we consid] x z com+ f ! lips ( an e>ly ,*ri/ian4 ,! s5tim5t too 0 contr>y to ! prevail+ s5tim5ts ( ! times1 :51 ( all pr(essions1 t ( w> 0 mo/ hon\rable1 & 0 ! only "o t 0 consid]$ to lead to glory4 ,x result$1 !re=e1 9 all probablity1 f ! new views1 :i* ,ju/9 _h acquir$ by a p]usal ( su* ( ! scriptures1 z _h !n fall5 into 8 h&s4 ,tatian1 :o 0 ! disciple ( ,ju/91 9 8 oration to ! ,greeks1 speaks precisely 9 ! same t]ms on ! same subject4 ,f ! diff]5t expressions ( ,clem5s ( ,alex&ria1 a contempor>y ( ! latt]1 we collect 8 op9ion to be decisive aga9/ ! lawfulness ( w>4 ,t]tullian1 :o may be m5tion$ next 9 ord] ( "t1 /rongly condemn$ ! practice ( be>+ arms1 z x relat$ to ,*ri/ians4 ,i %all give "o or two extracts f him on ?is subject4 ,9 8 diss]tation on ! wor%ip ( idols1 he says1 ,?\gh ! soldi]s came to ,john1 & receiv$ a c]ta9 =m to be obs]v$1 & ?\gh ! c5turion believ$1 yet ,jesus ,*ri/1 by dis>m+ ,pet]1 dis>m$ e soldi] aft]w>ds3 = cu/om nev] sanctions an illicit act4 ,& 9 8 ,soldi]'s ,g>l&1 he says1 ,c a soldi]'s life be lawful1 :5 ,*ri/ has pron\nc$1 t he :o lives by ! sword %all p]i% by ! sword8 ,c "o1 :o pr(esses ! peaceable doctr9es ( ! ,gospel1 be a soldi]1 :5 x is 8 duty n s mu* z to g to law8 & %all he1 :o is n to rev5ge 8 own wrongs1 be in/rum5tal 9 br++ o!rs into *a9s1 imprisonm5t1 torm5t1 dea?8 ,cyprian1 9 8 ,epi/le to ,donatus1 takes a view ( su* cu/oms 9 8 own times1 z he conceiv$ to be repugnant to ! _s or ! lett] ( ! ,gospel4 ,9 look+ at w>1 :i* 0 "o ( !m1 he speaks ?us3 ,suppose ?yself1 says he1 ) me on ! top ( "s v exalt$ em95ce1 & f !nce look+ d[n ^u ! appe>ances ( ?+s b5ea? !e4 ,let our prospect take 9 ! :ole horizon1 & let u view1 ) ! indiff]5ce ( p]sons n conc]n$ 9 !m1 ! v>i\s motions & agitations ( human life4 ,?\ wilt !n1 ,i d>e say1 h a real compassion = ! circum/ances ( mank9d1 & = ! po/ure 9 :i* ?is view w repres5t !m4 ,& :5 ?\ reflecte/ ^u ?y condition1 ?y ?\ghts w rise 9 transports ( gratitude & praise to ,god = hav+ made ?y escape f ! pollutions ( ! _w4 ,! ?+s ?\ wilt pr9cipally obs]ve1 w be ! highways beset ) robb]s1 ! seas ) pirates1 encampm5ts1 m>*es1 & all ! t]rible =ms ( w> &1 blood%$4 ,:5 a s+le murd] is committ$1 x %all be deem$ p]haps a crime2 b t crime %all comm5ce a virtue1 :5 committ$ "u ! %elt] ( public au?ority1 s t puni%m5t is n rat$ by ! measure ( guilt1 b ! m enorm\s ! size ( ! wick$ness is1 s mu* ! great] is ! *ance = impunity4 ,^! are ! s5tim5ts ( ,cyprian1 & t !y 7 ! result ( 8 views ( ,*ri/ianity1 z tak5 f ! div9e writ+s1 !re c be little d\bt4 ,if he _h /ood ^u ! same em95ce1 & beheld ! same sights previ\sly to 8 conv]sion1 he might1 l o!rs1 h nei!r ?\ght piracy di%on\rable1 nor w> +lori\s4 ,lactantius1 :o liv$ "s "t aft] ,cyprian1 9 8 treatise ,conc]n+ ! ,true ,wor%ip ( ,god1 says1 ,x c nev] be lawful = a righte\s man to g to w>1 ^: w>f>e is 9 righte\sness itself1 ,& 9 ano!r "p ( ! same treatise he obs]ves1 t no exception c be made ) respect to ?is comm& ( ,god4 ,x c nev] be lawful to kill a man1 ^: p]son ! ,div9e ,be+ design$ to be sacr$ z to viol5ce4 ,x w be unnecess>y to make extracts f o!r ( ! e>ly ,*ri/ian writ]s1 :o m5tion ?is subject4 ,i %all !re=e only obs]ve1 t ! names ( ,orig51 ,ar*elaus1 ,ambrose1 ,*ryso/om1 ,j]om1 & ,cyril1 may be add$1 to ^? already m5tion$1 z ! names ( p]sons :o gave x z _! op9ion1 t x 0 unlawful = ,*ri/ians to g to w>4 ,) respect to ! practice ( ! e>ly ,*ri/ians1 :i* is ! next po9t to be consid]$1 x may be obs]v$1 t !re is no well au!nticat$ in/ance ^u record1 ( ,*ri/ians ent]+ into ! army = ! fir/ two c5turies2 b x is true1 on ! o!r h&1 t !y decl9$ ! milit>y pr(ession1 z "o 9 :i* x 0 n lawful = !m to engage4 ,! fir/ species ( evid5ce1 :i* ,i %all produce to ?is po9t1 may be f\nd 9 ! foll[+ facts1 :i* rea* f ! ye> #afi to ! ye> #aih1 ,avidius ,crassus _h rebell$ aga9/ ! emp]or ,v]us1 & 0 sla9 9 a %ort "t aft]w>ds4 ,clodius ,alb9us 9 "o "p ( ! _w1 & ,pesc5n9us ,nig] 9 ano!r1 rebell$ aga9/ ! emp]or ,sev]us1 & bo? 7 sla9 likewise4 ,n[ suspicion fell1 z x always did 9 ^! times1 if any ?+ w5t wrong1 ^u ! ,*ri/ians1 z hav+ be5 conc]n$ ^u ^! occasions4 ,b ,t]tullian1 9 8 ,disc\rse to ,scapula1 tells u1 t no ,*ri/ians 7 to be f\nd 9 ^! armies4 ,& yet ^! armies 7 ext5sive4 ,crassus 0 ma/] ( all ,syria1 ) its f\r legions1 ,nig] ( ! ,asiatic & ,egyptian legions1 & ,alb9us ( ^? ( ,brita91 :i* legions toge!r conta9$ betwe5 a ?ird & an half ( ! /&+ legions ( ,rome4 ,& ! fact1 t no ,*ri/ians 7 to be f\nd 9 ^!1 is ! m rem>kable1 because1 accord+ to ! same ,t]tullian1 ,*ri/ianity _h rea*$ all ! places1 9 :i* ^! armies 74 ,a second species ( evid5ce1 z f> z x goes1 may be collect$ f expressions & decl>ations 9 ! works ( c]ta9 au?ors ( ^? times4 ,ju/9 ! ,m>tyr1 & ,tatian1 make di/9ctions betwe5 soldi]s & ,*ri/ians2 & ! latt] says1 t ! ,*ri/ians decl9$ ev5 milit>y comm&s4 ,clem5s ( ,alex&ria1 gives ! ,*ri/ians1 :o 7 cotempor>y ) him1 ! appellation ( peaceable1 or ( ! foll[]s ( peace1 ?us di/+ui%+ !m f ! soldi]s ( 8 age4 ,& he says expressly1 t ^?1 :o 7 ! foll[]s ( peace1 us$ none ( ! in/rum5ts ( w>4 ,a ?ird species ( evid5ce1 :i* is ( ! highe/ importance 9 ?is case1 is ! belief :i* ! writ]s ( ^! times _h1 t ! prophecy ( ,isaiah1 :i* /at$1 t m5 %\ld turn _! swords into pl\gh%>es1 & _! spe>s into prun+-hooks1 0 !n 9 ! act ( completion4 ,ir5u1 :o fl\ri%$ ab\t ! ye> #ahj1 affirms1 t ?is fam\s prophecy _h be5 complet$ 9 8 "t2 = ! ,*ri/ians1 says he1 h *ang$ _! swords & _! lances into in/rum5ts ( peace1 & !y "k n h[ to fight1 ,ju/9 ,m>tyr1 :o 0 cotempor>y ) ,ir5u1 ass]t$ ! same ?+1 :i* he c\ld n h done if ! ,*ri/ians 9 8 "t _h engag$ 9 w>4 ,t ! prophecy1 says he1 is fulfill$1 y h good reason to believe1 = we1 :o 9 times pa/ kill$ "o ano!r1 d n n[ fight ) our enemies4 ,& "h x is obs]vable1 t ! ^w fight does n mean to /rike1 or to beat1 or to give a bl[1 b to fight z 9 w>2 & ! ^w enemy does n mean a common adv]s>y1 or "o :o has injur$ u1 b an enemy ( ! /ate2 & ! s5t5ce1 :i* foll[s t :i* has be5 giv51 puts ! matt] aga9 out ( all d\bt4 ,t]tullian1 :o liv$ aft] ^!1 speaks 9 ^? rem>kable words3 ,d5y t ^! 7mean+ ! turn+ ( swords into pl\gh%>es7 are ! ?+s prophesi$ (1 :5 y see :at y see1 or t !y are ! ?+s fulfill$1 :5 y read :at y read2 b if y d5y nei!r ( ^! positions1 !n y mu/ confess1 t ! prophecy has be5 accompli%$1 z f> z ! practice ( e individual is conc]n$1 to :om x is applicable4 ,i might g f ,t]tullian ev5 z f> z ,!od]et1 if x 7 necess>y1 to %ew1 t ! prophecy 9 "q 0 consid]$ z 9 ! act ( completion 9 ^? times4 ,! f\r? & la/ pro( w be f\nd 9 ! ass]tions ( ,celsus1 & 9 ! reply ( ,orig5 to t writ]4 ,celsus1 :o liv$ at ! end ( ! second c5tury1 attack$ ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,he made x "o ( 8 *>ges aga9/ ! ,*ri/ians1 t !y refus$ 9 8 "t to be> arms = ! emp]or1 ev5 9 ! case ( necessity1 & :5 _! s]vices w\ld h be5 accept$4 ,he told !m f>!r1 t if ! re/ ( ! empire 7 ( _! op9ion1 x w\ld soon be ov]run by ! ,b>b>ians4 ,n[ ,celsus d>$ n h br\ght ?is *>ge aga9/ ! ,*ri/ians1 if ! fact _h n be5 publicly kn[n4 ,b let u see :e!r x 0 d5i$ by ^?1 :o 7 ( op9ion t 8 "w dem&$ a reply4 ,! p]son1 :o wrote aga9/ him 9 fav\r ( ,*ri/ianity1 0 ,orig51 :o liv$ 9 ! ?ird c5tury4 ,b ,orig51 9 8 answ]1 admits ! fact z /at$ by ,celsus1 t ! ,*ri/ians w\ld n be> arms1 & ju/ifies !m = refus+ ! practice on ! pr9ciple ( ! unlawfulness ( w>4 ,& z ! e>ly ,*ri/ians w\ld n ent] into ! armies1 s !re is good gr\nd to suppose1 t1 :5 !y became conv]t$ 9 !m1 !y rel9qui%$ _! pr(ession4 ,human nature 0 ! same bo? 9 & out ( ! armies1 & w\ld be equally work$ ^u1 9 ?is new /ate ( ?+s1 9 bo? cases4 ,accord+ly we f9d1 f ,t]tullian1 9 8 ,soldi]'s ,g>l&1 t _m 9 8 "t1 imm$iately on _! conv]sion1 quitt$ ! milit>y s]vice4 ,we are told also1 by ,ar*elaus1 :o fl\ri%$ "u ,probus 9 ! ye> #bgh1 t _m ,roman soldi]s1 :o _h embrac$ ,*ri/ianity1 aft] hav+ witness$ ! piety & g5]osity ( ,m>cellus1 imm$iately =sook ! pr(ession ( arms4 ,we are told also by ,eusebius1 t1 ab\t ! same "t1 ,numb]s laid aside a milit>y life1 & became private p]sons1 r ?an abjure _! religion4 ,& "h x may n be unwor?y ( rem>k1 t soldi]s1 aft] _! conv]sion1 became s tr\blesome 9 ! army1 bo? on acc\nt ( _! scruples aga9/ ! idolatr\s practices requir$ ( ! soldi]y1 & _! scruples aga9/ fight+1 t !y 7 occasionally dismiss$ ! s]vice on ^! acc\nts4 ,,sect4 ,,iii4 ,objection to ! =ego+ /atem5t1 t ! idolatry1 :i* 0 !n connect$ ) ! milit>y s]vice1 & n ! unlawfulness ( w>1 0 ! reason :y ,*ri/ians decl9$ x--,idolatry admitt$ to be a cause--,in/ance 9 ,m>9us--,b ! belief ( ! unlawfulness ( fight+ 0 ano!r1 & an equally p[]ful cause--,in/ances 9 ,maximilian--,m>cellus--,cassian--,m>l9- -,! "o scruple z mu* !n a "p ( ! ,*ri/ian religion z ! o!r4 ,z an objection may be made to ! =ego+ /atem5t1 ,i ?9k x prop] to notice x 9 ?is place4 ,x w be said1 t ! milit>y oa?1 :i* all 7 oblig$ to take alike 9 ! ,roman armies1 & :i* 0 to be repeat$ annually1 0 full ( idolatry2 t ! ,roman /&>ds 7 all consid]$ z gods1 & _h div9e hon\rs paid to !m by ! soldi]y2 & t ! images also ( ! emp]ors1 :i* 7 ei!r fix$ ^u ^! /&>ds1 or plac$ 9 ! mid/ ( !m 9 a temple 9 ! camp1 7 to be ador$ 9 ! same mann]4 ,n[ ^! cu/oms 7 int]wov5 ) ! milit>y s]vice4 ,no ,roman soldi] 0 exempt$ f !m4 ,x w be urg$1 !re=e1 t no ,*ri/ian c\ld submit to ^! s]vices4 ,inde$ :5 a p]son 0 suspect$ ( be+ a ,*ri/ian 9 ^? times1 he 0 in/antly tak5 to ! alt>s to sacrifice1 x be+ notori\s1 t if he 7 a ,*ri/ian he w\ld n sacrifice1 ?\gh at ! haz>d ( 8 life4 ,is x n1 !re=e1 to be presum$1 t ^! idolatr\s te/s op]at$ z ! great cause1 :y ,*ri/ians refus$ to ent] into ! army1 or :y !y left x :5 conv]t$ z describ$ 9 ! =m] section8 ,t ^! te/s op]at$ z a cause1 we mu/ all[4 ,& let ?is be consid]$ z an insup]able argum5t aga9/ ^?1 :o cont5d t !re 7 ,*ri/ian soldi]s 9 ^! times1 = no ,*ri/ian c\ld submit to su* idolatr\s homage2 b1 if s1 no ,*ri/ian c\ld be a soldi]4 ,t ^! te/s mu/ h op]at$ z a cause1 we may inf] f ! hi/ory ( ,m>9us4 ,m>9us1 accord+ to ,eusebius1 0 a man ( family & =tune1 & an (fic] 9 a legion1 :i*1 9 ! ye> #bfj1 0 /ation$ at ,caes>ea ( ,pale/9e4 ,"o ( ! c5turion's rods happ5$ to become vacant 9 ?is legion1 & ,m>9us 0 appo9t$ to x4 ,b j at ?is mom5t ano!r1 next to him 9 rank1 accus$ him be=e ! tribunal ( be+ a ,*ri/ian1 /at+1 t ! laws did n all[ a ,*ri/ian1 :o refus$ to sacrifice to ! emp]ors1 to hold any dignity 9 ! army4 ,a*u1 ! judge1 ask$ ,m>9us if x 0 true1 t he _h become a ,*ri/ian4 ,he ackn[l$g$ x4 ,?ree h\rs 7 !n all[$ him to consid]1 :e!r he w\ld sacrifice or die4 ,:5 ! "t 0 expir$1 he *ose ! latt]4 ,inde$1 s desir\s 7 ! e>ly ,*ri/ians ( keep+ cle> ( idolatry 9 e %ape1 t !y avoid$ e cu/om t appe>$ 9 ! lea/ degree connect$ ) x4 ,?us :5 a l>gess 0 giv5 9 hon\r ( ! emp]ors1 ,l4 ,septimius ,sev]us ! fa!r1 & ,m4 ,aurelius ,c>acalla ! son1 a solit>y soldi]1 z we le>n f ,t]tullian1 0 se5 c>ry+ ! g>l&1 :i* _h be5 giv5 him on t occasion1 9 8 h&1 :ile ! re/ wore x ^u _! heads4 ,on be+ int]rogat$ by ! comm&]1 :y he refus$ we>+ x1 he repli$1 t#ac he _h become a ,*ri/ian4 ,he 0 imm$iately puni%$ be=e ! army1 & s5t into prison4 ,:at became ( him aft]w>ds is n relat$4 ,b x mu/ be cle>1 if he liv$ & *]i%$ 8 ,*ri/ian feel+s1 t1 :5 ! day ( ! r5ewal ( 8 oa?1 or ( ! wor%ipp+ ( ! /&>ds1 or ( any sacrifice 9 ! camp1 %\ld arrive1 he w\ld h refus$ ^! s]vices1 or ab&on$ 8 pr(ession4 ,footnote #ac3 ,! prie/s wore ! g>l&1 :5 !y sacrific$ to ! ,hea!n gods4 ,b ?\gh unque/ionably ! idolatr\s s]vices1 requir$ ( ! soldi]s ( ^? times1 h9d]$ ,*ri/ians f ent]+ into ! armies1 & compell$ ^?1 :o 7 conv]t$ 9 !m1 to leave !m1 no?+ is m true1 ?an t ! belief1 t x 0 unlawful = ,*ri/ians to fight1 occasion$ an equal abhorr5ce ( a milit>y life4 ,"o ( ! fir/ effects1 :i* ,*ri/ianity seems to h produc$ ^u its fir/ conv]ts1 :5 x 0 pure & unadult]at$1 & unmix$ ) ! int]pretations ( political m51 0 a p]suasion1 t x became !m1 9 ob$i5ce to ! div9e comm&s1 to ab/a9 f all mann] ( viol5ce1 & to become di/+ui%able z ! foll[]s ( peace4 ,we f9d accord+ly f ,a!nagoras1 & o!r e>ly writ]s1 t ! ,*ri/ians ( 8 "t1 ab/a9$1 :5 !y 7 /ruck1 f /rik+ aga91 & t !y c>ri$ _! pr9ciples s f>1 z ev5 to refuse to g to law ) ^? :o injur$ !m4 ,we f9d also1 f ! same ,a!nagoras1 & f ,!ophilus ,antio*5us1 ,tatian1 ,m9ucius ,felix1 & o!rs1 t !y kept away f ! %ews ( ! gladiators4 ,?is !y did1 n only because ^! %ews 7 cruel2 b because1 z ,!ophilus says1 le/ we %\ld become p>tak]s ( ! murd]s committ$ !re4 ,a simil> reason is also giv5 by ,a!nagoras on ?is occasion3 ,:o is !re1 says he1 t does n prize ! %ews ( ! gladiators1 :i* y\r emp]ors make = ! p8 ,b we1 ?9k+ t !re is v little diff]5ce :e!r a man be ! au?or or spectator ( murd]1 keep away f all su* sights4 ,& "h x may be obs]v$1 t ! gladiators !mselves 71 g5]ally prison]s ( w>1 or reput$ enemies1 & t ! murd] ( ^! 0 by public au?ority1 & sanction$2 z 9 w>1 by ! /ate4 ,n[ :at conclusion are we to draw f ^! premises8 ,c we ?9k x possible1 t ^?1 :o refus$ to /rike aga91 or to g to law ) ^? :o injur$ !m1 & :o ?\ght an att5dance at ! gladiatorial spectacles crim9al on ! pr9ciple1 t he :o /ood by 0 a murd]]1 ?\gh ! murd] 0 sanction$ by law2 %\ld n h an objection to ! milit>y s]vice1 on ! pr9ciple1 t x 0 unlawful to fight8 ,9 %ort1 ! belief ( ! unlawfulness ( w>1 0 univ]sal among ,*ri/ians 9 ^? times4 ,e ,*ri/ian writ] ( ! second c5tury1 :o notices ! subject1 makes x unlawful = ,*ri/ians to be> arms4 ,& if ! ,*ri/ian writ]s ( ?is age 7 ( ?is op9ion1 contr>y to all _! s5tim5ts be=e _! conv]sion1 & :olly f _! k ( div9e tru?s1 :y %\ld n o!rs1 :o _h a common nature ) ^!1 be impress$1 on receiv+ ! same tru?s1 9 a simil> mann]8 ,& s und\bt$ly !y 74 ,& z ?is belief 0 univ]sal among ! ,*ri/ians ( ^? times1 s x op]at$ ) !m z an imp$im5t to a milit>y life1 q z mu* z ! idolatry1 t 0 connect$ ) x1 ( :i* ! foll[+ in/ances1 9 opposition to t ( ,m>9us1 may suffice4 ,! fir/ case ,i propose to m5tion %all be1 :]e !re 0 an objection to ent]+ into ! milit>y s]vice ^u ?is pr9ciple4 ,& "h1 ,i appreh5d none c be m 9 po9t ?an t ( ,maximilian1 z pres]v$ 9 ! acts ( ,ru9>t4 ,maximilian1 hav+ be5 br\ght be=e ! tribunal1 9 ord] to be enroll$ z a soldi]1 ,dion1 ! proconsul1 ask$ him 8 "n4 ,maximilian1 turn+ to him1 repli$1 ,:y w\ld/ ?\ "k my "n8 ,i am a ,*ri/ian1 & _c fight4 ,!n ,dion ord]$ him to be enroll$1 & :5 he 0 enroll$1 x 0 recit$ out ( ! regi/]1 t he 0 five feet t5 in*es high4 ,imm$iately aft] ?is1 ,dion bade ! (fic] m>k him4 ,b ,maximilian refus$ to be m>k$1 /ill ass]t+ t he 0 a ,*ri/ian4 ,^u :i* ,dion in/antly repli$1 ,be> arms1 or ?\ %alt die4 ,to ?is ,maximilian answ]$1 ,i _c fight1 if ,i die4 ,i am n a soldi] ( ?is _w1 b a soldi] ( ,god4 ,dion !n said1 ,:o has p]suad$ !e to behave ?us8 ,maximilian answ]$1 ,my own m9d1 & he :o call$ me4 ,dion !n spoke to 8 fa!r1 & bade him p]suade 8 son4 ,b 8 fa!r obs]v$1 t 8 son knew 8 own m9d1 & :at x 0 be/ = him to d4 ,aft] ?is _h pass$1 ,dion address$ ,maximilian aga9 9 ^! words1 ,take ?y arms1 & receive ! m>k4 ,i c receive1 says ,maximilian1 no su* m>k4 ,i h already ! m>k ( ,*ri/4 ,^u :i* ,dion said1 ,i w s5d !e quickly to ?y ,*ri/4 ,?\ maye/ d s1 said ,maximilian1 b ! glory w be m9e4 ,dion !n bade ! (fic] m>k him4 ,b ,maximilian /ill p]si/$ 9 refus+1 & spoke ?us3 ,i _c receive ! m>k ( ?is _w1 & if ?\ %\ld/ give me ! m>k1 ,i w de/roy x4 ,x w avail no?+4 ,i am a ,*ri/ian1 & x is n lawful = me to we> su* a m>k ab\t my neck1 :5 ,i h receiv$ ! sav+ m>k ( ! ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/1 ! ,son ( ! liv+ ,god1 :om ?\1 kn[e/ n1 :o di$ to give u life1 & :om ,god gave = our s9s4 ,him all we ,*ri/ians obey4 ,him we foll[ z ! re/or] ( our life1 & ! au?or ( our salvation4 ,dion in/antly repli$ to ?is1 ,take ?y arms1 & receive ! m>k1 or ?\ %alt suff] a mis]able dea?4--,b ,i %all n p]i%1 said ,maximilian4 ,my "n is already enroll$ ) ,*ri/4 ,i _c fight4 ,dion said1 ,consid] !n ?y y\?1 & be> arms4 ,! pr(ession ( arms becomes a "y man4 ,maximilian repli$1 ,my arms are ) ! ,"l4 ,i _c fight = any e>?ly consid]ation4 ,i am n[ a ,*ri/ian4 ,dion ! proconsul1 said1 ,among ! life-gu>ds ( our ma/]s ,dioclesian & ,maximian1 & ,con/antius & ,maximus1 !re are ,*ri/ian soldi]s1 & !y fight4 ,maximilian answ]$1 ,!y "k be/ :at is exp$i5t = !m1 b ,i am a ,*ri/ian1 & x is unlawful to d evil4 ,dion said1 ,take ?y arms4 ,despise n ! pr(ession ( a soldi]1 le/ ?\ p]i% mis]ably4--,b ,i %all n p]i%1 says ,maximilian2 & if ,i %\ld leave ?is _w1 my s\l w live ) ,*ri/ ! ,"l4 ,dion !n ord]$ 8 "n to be /ruck f ! roll1 &1 :5 ?is 0 done1 he proce$$1 ,because1 out ( ?y rebelli\s _s1 ?\ ha/ refus$ to be> arms1 ?\ %all be puni%$ accord+ to ?y des]ts = an example to o!rs4 ,& !n he deliv]$ ! foll[+ s5t5ce3 ,maximilian6 because ?\ ha/ ) a rebelli\s _s refus$ to be> arms1 ?\ art to die by ! sword4 ,maximilian repli$1 ,?anks be to ,god4 ,he 0 tw5ty ye>s1 ?ree mon?s1 & sev5te5 days old1 & :5 he 0 l$ to ! place ( execution1 he spoke ?us3 ,my de> bre?r51 endeav\r ) all y\r might1 t x may be y\r portion to see ! ,"l1 & t he may give y su* a cr[n2 & !n1 ) a pleasant c\nt5ance1 he said to 8 fa!r1 ,give ! execution] ! soldi]'s coat ?\ ha/ gott5 = me1 & :5 ,i %all receive !e 9 ! company ( ! bless$ m>tyrs1 we may also rejoice toge!r ) ! ,"l4 ,aft] ?is he suff]$4 ,8 "m ,pompeiana obta9$ 8 body ( ! judge1 & convey$ x to ,c>?age1 & buri$ x ne> ! place :]e ! body ( ,cyprian ! ,m>tyr lay4 ,& ?irte5 days aft] ?is 8 "m di$1 & 0 buri$ 9 ! came place4 ,& ,victor1 8 fa!r1 return$ to 8 habitation1 rejoic+ & prais+ ,god1 t he _h s5t be=e su* a gift to ! ,"l1 himself expect+ to foll[ aft]4 ,i %all only obs]ve1 ^u ?is in/ance1 t x is ne>ly pure & unmix$1 or t x is b little connect$ ) idolatr\s circum/ances1 or r1 t ! unlawfulness ( fight+ 0 pr9cipally urg$ by ,maximilian z a reason aga9/ ent]+ ^u a milit>y life4 ,let u n[ f9d a case1 :]e1 :5 a p]son 0 conv]t$ 9 ! army1 he left x1 plead+ ?is pr9ciple1 z "o among o!rs1 = 8 d]eliction ( x4 ,m>cellus 0 a c5turion 9 ! legion call$ ,trajana4 ,on a fe/ival1 giv5 9 hon\r ( ! bir?-day ( ,gal]ius1 he ?rew d[n 8 milit>y belt at ! head ( ! legion1 & 9 ! face ( ! /&>ds1 decl>$ ) a l\d voice1 t he w\ld no long] s]ve 9 ! army1 = t he _h become a ,*ri/ian4 ,i hold 9 dete/ation1 said he1 address+ himself to all ! soldi]s1 ! wor%ip ( y\r gods3 gods1 :i* are made ( wood & /one1 gods :i* are deaf & dumb4 ,s f> ,m>cellus1 x appe>s1 seems to h be5 influ5c$ 9 8 des]tion ( a milit>y life by ! idolatry connect$ ) x4 ,b let u he> him f>!r on ?is subject4 ,x is n lawful1 says he1 = a ,*ri/ian1 :o is ! s]vant ( ,*ri/ ! ,"l1 to be> arms = any e>?ly consid]ation4 ,aft] a delay ( m ?an ?ree mon?s 9 prison aft] ?is transaction1 :i* delay 0 all[$ = ! purpose ( sp>+ him1 he 0 br\ght be=e ! prefect4 ,!re he _h an opportunity ( correct+ 8 =m] expressions4 ,b z he p]si/$ 9 ! same s5tim5ts1 he suff]$4 ,x is rem>kable1 t1 almo/ imm$iately aft] 8 execution1 ,cassian1 :o1 0 ! not>y to ! same legion1 refus$ to s]ve any long]1 by publicly ?r[+ 8 p5 & accompt-book ^u ! gr\nd1 & decl>+1 at ! same "t1 t ! s5t5ce ( ,m>cellus 0 unju/4 ,:5 tak5 up by ! ord] ( ,aurelianus ,agricolanus1 he is describ$ by ! record1 pres]v$ by ,ru9>t1 to h av[$ ! same s5tim5ts z ,m>cellus1 &1 l him1 to h suff]$ dea?4 ,x may n be necess>y1 p]haps1 to cite any o!r in/ances1 z oppos$ to t ( ,m>9us1 to ! po9t 9 "q4 ,b1 z ano!r occurs1 :i* may be relat$ 9 few words1 ,i w j m5tion x 9 ?is place4 ,m>t91 ( :om ,sulpicius ,sev]us says s mu*1 _h be5 br$ to ! pr(ession ( arms1 b1 on 8 conv]sion to ,*ri/ianity1 decl9$ x4 ,9 ! answ]1 :i* he gave to ,julian ! ,apo/ate = 8 conduct on ?is occasion1 we f9d him mak+ use only ( ^! words1 ,i am a ,*ri/ian1 & !re=e ,i _c fight4 ,n[ ?is answ] ( ,m>t9 is deta*$ f all notions ( idolatry4 ,! unlawfulness ( fight+ is giv5 z ! only motive = 8 resignation4 ,& !re is no d\bt1 t ! unlawfulness ( fight+ 0 z mu* a pr9ciple ( religion 9 ! e>ly times ( ,*ri/ianity1 z ! refusal ( sacrifice to ! ,hea!n gods2 & t !y op]at$ equally to prev5t m5 f ent]+ into ! army1 & to drive !m out ( x on _! conv]sion4 ,inde$ ^! pr9ciples g5]ally w5t toge!r1 :]e ! pr(ession ( arms pres5t$ itself z an occupation = a ,*ri/ian4 ,he1 :o refus$ ! pr(ession on acc\nt ( ! idolatry connect$ ) x1 w\ld h refus$ x on acc\nt ( ! unlawfulness ( fight+4 ,& he1 :o refus$ x on acc\nt ( ! guilt ( fight+1 w\ld h refus$ x oh acc\nt ( ! idolatr\s s]vices x requir$4 ,bo? & ea* ( !m 7 imp$im5ts1 9 ! e>ly times ( ,*ri/ianity1 to a milit>y life4 ,,sect4 ,,iv4 ,e>ly ,*ri/ians !n decl9$ ! army on acc\nt1 ( "o1 among o!r p]suasions1 t x 0 unlawful = ,*ri/ians to fight--,_! practice exam9$ f>!r1 or into ! f\r? c5tury--%ewn f h5ce1 t :ile ,*ri/ianity cont9u$ pure1 ,*ri/ians /ill decl9$ ! milit>y pr(ession--b z x became less pure1 _! scruples aga9/ x became less--& :5 x became corrupt1 _! scruples aga9/ x ceas$--,mann] 9 :i* ! ,quak]s make ! practice ( ^! e>ly times support ! mean+ ( ! scriptural passages1 :i* !y adduce 9 fav\r ( _! t5et on w>4 ,z x w n[ probably be admitt$1 t ! e>ly ,*ri/ians refus$ to ent] into ! army1 & t !y left x aft] _! conv]sion1 on acc\nt ( "o1 among o!r p]suasions1 t x 0 unlawful = !m to fight1 ,i mu/ exam9e _! practice1 z x relat$ to ?is subject1 /ill f>!r1 or ,i mu/ trace x d[n to a lat] p]iod1 be=e ,i c %[ h[ ! ,quak]s make ! practice ( ^! e>ly times support ! mean+ ( ! scriptural passages1 :i* !y advance 9 fav\r ( _! t5et on w>4 ,x may be consid]$ z a well f\nd$ proposition1 t1 z ! lamp ( ,*ri/ianity burnt bright1 9 ^? e>ly times1 s ^?1 :o 7 illum9at$ by x1 decl9$ ! milit>y pr(ession2 &1 t1 z its flame %one less cle>1 !y _h less objection to x4 ,?us1 9 ! two fir/ c5turies1 :5 ,*ri/ianity 0 ! pure/1 !re 7 no ,*ri/ian soldi]s4 ,9 ! ?ird c5tury1 :5 x became less pure1 !re is frequ5t m5tion ( su* soldi]s4 ,& 9 ! f\r?1 :5 its corruption 0 fix$1 ,*ri/ians ent]$ ^u ! pr(ession ( arms ) z little hesitation1 z !y ent]$ ^u any o!r occupation 9 life4 ,t !re 7 no ,*ri/ian soldi]s 9 ! fir/ & second c5turies1 has already be5 made app>5t4 ,t ,*ri/ianity also 0 pure/ 9 ^! times1 !re c be no d\bt4 ,let u look at ! "* :i* is giv5 ( ! fir/ ,*ri/ians by ,a!nagoras1 ,ju/9 ,m>tyr1 ,m9ucius ,felix1 & o!rs ( ! e>ly ,*ri/ian writ]s4 ,accord+ to ^! !y 7 pla9 & neat 9 _! app>el1 & frugal 9 _! furniture4 ,!y 7 temp]ate 9 _! eat+ & dr9k+4 ,!y rel9qui%$ all ! div]sions ( ! times1 9 :i* !y saw any t5d5cy to evil4 ,!y 7 *a/e 9 _! conv]sation1 temp]+ mir? ) gravity4 ,!y 7 mode/ & *a/e 9 _! deportm5t & mann]s4 ,!y 7 punctual to _! words & engagem5ts4 ,!y 7 su* lov]s ( ! tru?1 t1 on be+ ask$1 if !y 7 ,*ri/ians1 !y nev] d5i$ x1 ?\gh dea? 0 ! consequ5ce ( su* a religi\s pr(ession4 ,!y lov$ ea* o!r z bre?r51 & call$ "o ano!r by t "n4 ,!y 7 k9d1 & c\rte\s1 & *>itable1 beyond all example1 to o!rs4 ,!y ab/a9$ f all mann] ( viol5ce4 ,!y pray$ = ^? :o p]secut$ !m4 ,!y 7 patt]ns ( humility & pati5ce4 ,!y made no sacrifice ( _! consci5ces1 b w\ld p]sev]e 9 t :i* 0 "r1 nev] refus+ to die = _! religion4 ,?is is ! "*1 :i* is uni=mly giv5 ( !m by ! ,*ri/ian writ]s ( ^? times4 ,t _! conduct 0 greatly alt]$ 9 ! ?ird c5tury1 :]e we are n[ to view x1 we may collect f indisputable au?ority4 ,i /at$ 9 ! =m] section1 t a ,*ri/ian soldi] 0 puni%$ = refus+ to we> a g>l&1 l ! re/ ( 8 comrades1 on a public occasion4 ,?is man1 x appe>s1 _h be5 conv]t$ 9 ! army1 & object$ to ! c]emony on t acc\nt4 ,n[ ,t]tullian tells u1 t ?is soldi] 0 blam$ = 8 unseasonable zeal1 z x 0 call$1 by "s ( ! ,*ri/ians at t "t1 ?\gh all ,*ri/ians be=e consid]$ ! we>+ ( su* a g>l& z unlawful & pr(ane4 ,9 ?is c5tury !re is no "q b ! ,*ri/ian discipl9e began to relax4 ,to ! long peace ! *ur* enjoy$ f ! dea? ( ,anton9us to ! t5? ye> ( ,sev]us1 is to be ascrib$ ! corruption t ensu$4 ,?is corruption we f9d to h spread rapidly2 = ! same ,t]tullian 0 enabl$ to furni% u ) ! extraord9>y in/ance ( manufactur]s ( idols be+ admitt$ into ! ecclesia/ical ord]4 ,_m corruptions are also notic$ 9 ?is c5tury by o!r writ]s4 ,cyprian compla9$ ( !m1 z !y exi/$ 9 ! middle1 & ,eusebius1 z !y exi/$ at ! end ( x1 & bo? attribut$ x to ! peace1 or to ! ease & pl5ty1 :i* ! ,*ri/ians _h enjoy$4 ,! latt] gives u a melan*oly acc\nt ( _! *ange4 ,!y _h begun to live 9 f9e h\ses1 & to indulge 9 luxuries4 ,b1 above all1 !y _h begun to be envi\s1 & qu>relsome1 & to dissemble1 & to *eat1 & to falsify _! ^w1 s t !y lo/ ! "*1 :i* ,pl9y1 an adv]s>y to _! religion1 _h be5 oblig$ to give ( !m1 & :i* !y _h reta9$ = m ?an a c5tury1 z appe>s by _! own writ]s4 ,t !re 7 ,*ri/ian soldi]s 9 ?is m corrupt c5tury ( ! *ur*1 x is impossible to d5y4 ,= su* frequ5t m5tion is made ( !m 9 ! hi/ories1 :i* relate to ?is p]iod1 t we _c refuse our ass5t to "o or o!r ( ! propositions1 ei!r t !re 7 m5 9 ! armies1 :o call$ !mselves ,*ri/ians1 or t !re 7 m5 9 !m1 :o _h t "n giv5 !m by o!rs4 ,t !y 7 ,*ri/ians1 h[ev]1 is ano!r "q4 ,!y 7 probably su* ,*ri/ians1 z ,dion m5tion$ to h be5 among ! life-gu>ds ( ,dioclesian & ,maximian1 & ( ,con/antius & ,maximus1 ( :om ,maximilian obs]v$1 ,^! m5 may "k :at x is exp$i5t = !m to d1 b ,i am a ,*ri/ian1 & !re=e ,i _c fight4 ,inde$1 t real ,*ri/ians c\ld h be5 f\nd 9 ! army 9 ?is c5tury is impossible1 = ! milit>y oa?1 :i* 0 full ( idolatry1 & ! adoration ( ! /&>ds1 & ! p]=mance ( sacrifice1 /ill cont9u$ z s]vices#ad n to be disp5s$ ) by ! soldi]y4 ,no "o1 !re=e1 c believe1 t m5 9 ! full practice ( ,pagan idolatry1 z e legion>y soldi] mu/ !n h be51 7 real ,*ri/ians1 m]ely because x is record$ 9 hi/ory1 t m51 call+ !mselves ,*ri/ians1 7 f\nd 9 ! army 9 ^? times4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if any soldi]s pr(ess$ ,*ri/ianity at ?is p]iod1 or are relat$ by au?ors to h pr(ess$ x1 & yet to h rema9$ soldi]s1 x may be directly pron\nc$1 t !y c\ld only h be5 nom9al or corrupt$ ,*ri/ians4 ,footnote #ad3 ,! milit>y oa? 0 n alt]$ = ,*ri/ians till ! next c5tury1 :5 !y 7 all[$ to swe> by ,god1 by ,*ri/1 & by ! ,holy ,_s1 & by ! maje/y ( ! emp]or1 :i*1 next to ,god1 is to be lov$ & hon\r$ by mank9d4 ,t ,*ri/ianity 0 m deg5]ate 9 ! f\r? ?an 9 ! ?ird c5tury 7:i* is ! next position7 we h indubitable pro(4 ,"o ( ! fir/ facts1 t /rikes u1 is an extraord9>y "o relat$ by ,lactantius1 9 8 ,dea? ( ! p]secut$1 t !re 7 ,*ri/ians at ?is "t1 :o1 hav+ probably a sup]/iti\s belief1 t ! sign ( ! ,cross w\ld be a prev5tive ( pollution1 7 pres5t1 & ev5 assi/$ at "s ( ! ,hea!n sacrifices4 ,b x is n necess>y to detail ^! or o!r p>ticul>s4 ,almo/ e body kn[s1 t m evils sprang up to ! *ur* 9 ?is c5tury1 ?an 9 any o!r1 "s ( :i* rema9 at ! pres5t day4 ,inde$1 ! corruption ( ,*ri/ianity 0 fix$ z x 7 by law 9 ! age n[ m5tion$4 ,con/ant9e1 on 8 conv]sion1 introduc$ _m ( ! ,pagan c]emonies &1 sup]/itions1 9 :i* he _h be5 br\ght up1 into ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,! ,*ri/ians1 rejoic$ at see+ an emp]or ( _! own p]suasion1 "u :om !y _h hopes ( re/oration to equal privileges ) o!rs1 & ( fre$om f p]secution1 submitt$1 9 ord] to please or flatt] him1 to 8 idolatr\s cu/oms & op9ions1 ?us sacrific+ _! consci5ces to _! ease & safety4 ,_m1 on ! o!r h&1 :o _h always be5 ,hea!ns1 pr(ess$ !mselves ,*ri/ians at once out ( complim5t to _! emp]or1 & )\t any real conv]sion ( ! he>t4 ,?us !re 0 a mixture ( ,*ri/ianity & ,paganism 9 ! *ur*1 :i* _h nev] be5 kn[n be=e4 ,con/ant9e too did n disp5se ) ! blasphem\s titles ( ,et]nity1 ,div9ity1 & ,pontifex ,maximus1 z !y _h be5 giv5 to 8 pr$ecessors4 ,aft] 8 dea?1 he 0 consid]$ also z a god4 ,& if ,philo/orgius is to be believ$1 ! ,*ri/ians1 = s he calls !m1 pray$ to & wor%ipp$ him z su*4 ,n[ 9 ?is c5tury1 :5 ! corruption ( ! *ur* may be consid]$ to h be5 fix$1 we sc>cely f9d any m5tion ( ,*ri/ian soldi]s1 or we f9d ! di/9ction betwe5 !m & o!rs gradually pass+ away4 ,! tru? is1 t1 :5 ! ,*ri/ians ( ?is age _h submitt$ to c]ta9 innovations ^u _! religion1 !y 7 9 a fit /ate to g great] l5g?s2 & s x happ5$1 = z ,hea!ns1 :o pr(ess$ to be ,*ri/ians out ( complim5t to _! emp]or1 _h no objection to ! milit>y s]vice1 s ,*ri/ians1 :o _h submitt$ to ,hea!nism on ! same pr9ciple1 relax$1 9 _! scruples conc]n+ x4 ,! latt] too 7 influ5c$ by ! example ( ! =m]4 ,h5ce ! unlawfulness ( fight+ began to be giv5 up4 ,we f9d1 h[ev]1 t "h & !re an anci5t fa!r /ill reta9$ x z a religi\s t5et1 b ^! dropp+ (f "o aft] ano!r1 x ceas$ at l5g? to be a doctr9e ( ! *ur*4 ,hav+ n[ trac$ ! practice ( ! ,*ri/ians d[n to ! f\r? c5tury1 z f> z ! pr(ession ( arms is conc]n$1 ,i %all /ate 9 few words ! mann] 9 :i* ! ,quak]s make ?is practice support ! mean+ ( ! scriptural passages1 :i* !y produce 9 fav\r ( _! t5et on w>4 ,! ,quak]s !n lay x d[n z a position1 t ! ,*ri/ians ( ! fir/ & second c5turies1 z we _h already obs]v$1 gave ! same int]pretation1 z !y !mselves give1 ( ! passages 9 "q4 ,n[ !y say fir/1 t if !re 7 any words or expressions 9 ! orig9al manuscripts ( ! ,evangeli/s or ,apo/les1 :i* might ?r[ light ^u ! mean+ ( ^! or o!r passages on ! same subject1 b :i* words & expressions 7 n 9 ! copies :i* came aft]1 !n _m ( ^? :o liv$ 9 ! fir/ & second c5turies1 _h advantages ) respect to k on ?is subject1 :i* _! successors _h n1 inasmu* z ! =m] 7 soon aft]w>ds lo/4 ,!y say secondly1 t if !re 0 any ?+ 9 tradition :i* might help to expla9 ^! passages m satisfactorily1 ^? ( ! fir/ & second c5turies _h advantages aga91 because !y liv$ ne>] to ^! traditions1 or to ! "t :5 !y 7 m pure1 ?an ^? ,*ri/ians did1 :o succe$$ !m4 ,!y say ?irdly1 t1 if primitive practice be to be consid]$ z ! be/ int]pret] ( ! passages 9 "q1 !n ^? ( ! fir/ & second c5turies _h _! advantages aga91 because _m ( !m liv$ 9 ! times ( ! ,evangeli/s & ! ,apo/les1 & all ( !m ne>] to ^? :o succe$$ ! ,evangeli/s & ,apo/les1 ?an ^? 9 ! subsequ5t ages ( ! ,*ri/ian era4 ,b 9 direct inf]5ce1 !y conceive1 is to be drawn f ^! premises1 namely1 t ! op9ions ( ^? :o liv$ 9 ! fir/ & second c5turies1 relative to ! mean+ ( ! passages 9 "q1 are likely to be m correct on ^! sev]al acc\nts1 ?an ^? ( ,*ri/ians 9 any ( ! ages t foll[$4 ,& z 9 ! fir/ & second c5turies ( ! *ur*1 :5 ,*ri/ianity 0 pure/1 !re 7 no ,*ri/ian soldi]s1 b z 9 ! f\r? c5tury1 :5 x became corrupt1 ,*ri/ians _h lo/ _! objections to a milit>y life1 !y conceive ! op9ions ( ! =m] to be m correct ?an ^? ( ! latt]1 because ! op9ions ( real ,*ri/ians1 will+ to make any sacrifice = _! religion1 mu/ be always less biass$ & m pure1 ?an ^? ( p]sons call+ !mselves ,*ri/ians1 b yet submitt+ to ! idolatr\s & o!r corrupt practices ( ! _w4 ,& z !y conceive ?is to be true ( ! op9ions ( ! second c5tury1 :5 comp>$ ) ^? ( ! f\r?1 s !y conceive x to be true ( ! op9ions ( ! second1 :5 comp>$ ) ^? ( ! mod]ns ^u ?is subject1 because1 :atev] our progress 9 ,*ri/ianity may be1 see+ t x is n equal to t ( ! fir/ ,*ri/ians1 x is c]ta91 besides ! di/ance ( "t1 t we h prejudices aris+ f ! practice ( f\rte5 c5turies1 dur+ all :i* "t x has be5 held out1 except by a few individuals1 z lawful = ,*ri/ians to fight4 ,,sect4,v4 ,reflections ( ! au?or on ! =ego+ subject--,case ( a sup]ior be+ suppos$1 :o %\ld reside 9 ! planet ne>e/ to u1 & see w> c>ri$ on by m5 no l>g] ?an ! race ( ants--,8 enquiry z to ! orig9 ( ^! w>s--_! duration--& o!r circum/ances--suppos$ answ]s to ^! que/ions--,new argum5ts1 f ?is suppos$ conv]sation1 aga9/ w>4 ,i h n[ /at$ ! pr9cipal argum5ts1 by :i* ! ,quak]s are induc$ to believe x to be a doctr9e ( ,*ri/ianity1 t m5 %\ld ab/a9 f w>1 & ,i int5d$ to close ! subject 9 ! la/ section4 ,b :5 ,i consid] ! frequ5cy ( mod]n w>s2 :5 ,i consid] t !y are sc>cely ov]1 be=e o!rs rise up 9 _! place2 :5 ,i consid] aga91 t !y come l ! common diseases1 :i* belong to our infirm nature1 & t !y are consid]$ by m5 ne>ly 9 a simil> light1 ,i %\ld feel myself crim9al1 if ,i 7 n to avail myself ( ! privilege ( an au?or1 to add a few obs]vations ( my own ^u ?is subject4 ,liv+ z we d 9 an almo/ inaccessible isl&1 & hav+ !re=e m ?an ord9>y means ( security to our prop]ty & our p]sons f ho/ile invasion1 we d n seem to be suffici5tly grateful to ! ,div9e ,be+ = ! bless+s we enjoy4 ,we d n seem to make a "r use ( our b5efits by contemplat+ ! situation1 & by feel+ a t5d] anxiety = ! happ9ess ( o!rs4 ,we seem to make no prop] e/imates ( ! mis]ies ( w>4 ,! latt] we feel pr9cipally 9 abridgm5ts ( a pecuni>y nature4 ,b if we 7 to feel !m 9 ! conflagration ( our t[ns & villages1 or 9 p]sonal w\nds1 or 9 ! p]sonal suff]+s ( fugitive mis]y & want1 we %\ld be apt to put a great] value ?an we d1 ^u ! bless+s ( peace4 ,& we %\ld be apt to consid] ! connexion betwe5 w> & mis]y1 & betwe5 w> & moral evil1 9 a light s mu* /rong] ?an we d at pres5t1 t we might ev5 suppose ! precepts ( ,jesus ,*ri/ to be defici5t1 unless !y 7 made to ext5d to w>s1 z well z to private injuries4 ,i wond] :at a sup]ior be+1 liv+ 9 ! ne>e/ planet to our e>?1 & see+ u ( ! size ( ants1 w\ld say1 if he 7 enabl$ to get any insight into ! nature ( mod]n w>s4 ,x mu/ c]ta9ly /rike him1 if he 7 to see a numb] ( su* dim9utive p]sons *as+ "o ano!r 9 bodies ov] diff]5t p>ts ( ! hills & vallies ( ! e>?1 & foll[+ ea* o!r 9 little nut-%ells1 z x 7 ^u ! ocean1 z a v extraord9>y sight1 & z my/]i\s1 & h>d to be expla9$4 ,he might1 at fir/1 consid] !m z occupi$ 9 a game ( play1 or z emigrat+ = m food1 or = a bett] climate4 ,b :5 he saw !m /op & fight1 & de/roy "o ano!r1 & 0 assur$ t !y 7 actually engag$ 9 ! solemn game ( dea?1 & ?is at su* a di/ance f _! own homes1 he w\ld wond] at ! causes ( ^! movem5ts1 & ! reason ( ?is de/ruction1 &1 n kn[+ t !y possess$ rational faculties1 he w\ld probably consid] !m z animals1 de/9$ by nature to live ^u "o ano!r4 ,i ?9k ! fir/ "q he w\ld ask w\ld be1 ,& f :5ce d ^! fight+s come8 ,x w\ld be repli$ ( c\rse1 t !y came f _! lu/s2 t ^! be+s1 ?\gh dim9utive 9 _! appe>ance1 7 m52 t !y _h pride1 & ambition2 t !y _h envy & jeal\sy2 t !y indulg$ also hatr$1 & malice1 & av>ice1 & ang]2 & t1 on acc\nt ( "s or o!r ( ^! causes1 !y qu>rell$ & f\ght ) "o ano!r4 ,well1 b ! sup]ior be+ w\ld say1 is !re no "o on ! e>?1 :i* ,i see bel[ me1 to advise !m to conduct !mselves bett]1 or are ! passions y speak ( et]nally upp]mo/1 & nev] to be subdu$8 ,! reply w\ld ( c\rse be1 t 9 ^! little be+s1 call$ m51 !re _h be5 implant$ ! faculty ( reason1 by ! use ( :i* !y mu/ "k t _! conduct 0 exceptionable1 b t1 9 ^! cases1 !y seldom m9d$ x4 ,x w\ld also be add$ 9 reply1 t !y _h a religion1 :i* 0 n only design$ by a _s f heav51 :o _h once liv$ among !m1 b _h be5 pron\nc$ by him z efficaci\s to ! end propos$2 t "o ( ! great objects ( ?is religion 0 a due subjugation ( _! passions2 & ?is 0 s mu* insi/$ ^u1 t no "o ( !m 0 consid]$ to h receiv$ ?is religion truly1 unless 8 passions 7 subdu$4 ,b "h ! sup]ior be+ w\ld enquire1 :e!r !y ackn[l$g$ ! religion spok5 (1 & ! au?ority f :5ce x came8 ,to :i* x w\ld ( c\rse be repli$1 t !y 7 s t5aci\s ( x1 not)/&+ _! indulg5ce ( _! passions1 & _! de/ruction ( "o ano!r1 t y c\ld2 n (f5d !m m griev\sly ?an by tell+ !m1 t !y did n belong to ! religion !y pr(ess$4 ,x is n difficult to =esee :at o!r que/ions ! sup]ior be+ w\ld ask1 & probably ! fir/ ( ^! w\ld be1 ! duration ( ! lives ( ^! little be+s1 & ! l5g? & frequ5cy ( _! w>s8 ,x w\ld be repli$ to ?is1 t _! lives 7 b z a vap\r1 :i* appe>e? = a little "t1 & !n vani%e? away1 & t a qu>t]1 & sometimes half ( _! "t on e>?1 0 sp5t 9 ^? de/ructive pursuits4 ,! sup]ior be+ w\ld unque/ionably be griev$ at ?is acc\nt1 because he w\ld feel1 t !y really fru/rat$ _! own happ9ess1 or t !y lo/ by _! own fault a consid]able portion ( ! enjoym5t ( _! lives4 ,9 ?is impati5ce & anxiety = _! future com=t1 he w\ld probably ask aga91 if !y _h any notion ( any g5]\s end = :i* !y 7 born1 = x is impossible !y c\ld suppose1 t !y came into ! _w to de/roy "o ano!r4 ,x w\ld be repli$1 t !y c\ld n be ignorant ( ! true object or end2 = ! same religion1 9 :i* !y believ$1 & :i* 0 said be=e to h be5 giv5 !m by a _s s5t f heav51 inculcat$ t !y 7 s5t !re on a life ( trial1 & t 9 a future exi/5ce !y 7 to give an acc\nt ( _! conduct1 & 7 to be rew>d$ or puni%$ accord+ly4 ,! same religion1 x w\ld be repli$1 also inculcat$1 not)/&+ _! fight+s1 ! utmo/ b5evol5ce f "o t[>ds ano!r4 ,x wi%$ s mu* e "o ( !m to live peaceably1 t x enjo9$ x z a duty r to put up ) an injury ?an to res5t x1 & x c>ri$ its b5evol5ce s f>1 t x made no di/9ction betwe5 o!rs ( ! same species1 :o spoke a diff]5t language1 or liv$ 9 o!r di/ricts or p>ts ( ! same _w4 ,b "h ! sup]ior be+ w\ld int]rupt4--,:at1 he w\ld say6 ,are !y n to res5t injuries1 & yet d !y g to w>8 ,& are !y n afraid ( fight+ 9 ?is mann]1 :5 !y are to give an acc\nt ( _! conduct 9 a future /ate8 ,x w\ld be repli$1 ,no3 !y h _! philosoph]s among !m1 & mo/ ( ^! h det]m9$1 t1 9 ?is p>ticul> case1 responsibility lies at ! door ( ^? :o employ !m4 ,b1 not)/&+ ?is1 !re are o!rs liv+ among !m1 :o ?9k o!rwise4 ,^! are ( op9ion1 t ^? :o employ !m _c take ! responsibility ^u !mselves )\t tak+ x f ^? :om !y ?us employ4 ,b ! religion ( ! ,great ,_s no :]e says1 t any con/itut$ au?orities among !m c take away ! responsibility ( individual creatures1 b1 on ! o!r h&1 9 ! mo/ positive t]ms1 t e individual creature is responsible :olly = himself4 ,& ?is religion does n give any creature an exemption on acc\nt ( any =ce :i* may be us$ aga9/ him2 because no "o1 accord+ to its precepts1 is to d evil1 n ev5 t good may come4 ,b if he be p]secut$1 he is to adh]e to t :i* is "r1 & to expect 8 rew>d 9 ! o!r /ate4 ,! impossibility1 !re=e1 ( break+ or dissolv+ individual responsibility1 9 ! case ( immoral action1 is an argum5t to _m1 ( ! unlawfulness ( ^! w>s4 ,& ^? :o reason 9 ?is mann]1 ?9k !y h reason$ "r1 :5 !y consid] besides1 t1 if any ( ! be+s 9 "q 7 to kill "o ( 8 usually reput$ enemies 9 ! "t ( peace1 he w\ld suff] dea? = x1 & be consid]$ z acc\ntable also = 8 crime 9 a future /ate4 ,!y _c see1 !re=e1 h[ any con/itut$ au?orities among !m c alt] ! nature ( ?+s1 or h[ ^! be+s c kill o!rs 9 "t ( w>1 )\t ! imputation ( a crime1 :om !y c\ld n kill )\t su* an imputation 9 "t ( peace4 ,!y see 9 ! book ( ! ,great ,_s no disp5sation giv5 to societies to aft] ! nature ( actions1 :i* are pron\nc$ to be crimes4 ,b ! sup]ior be+ w\ld say1 is x really def9$1 & is x def9$ cle>ly 9 ! great book ( ! ,_s1 t if "o ( !m %\ld kill ano!r1 he is guilty ( a crime6 ,x w\ld be repli$1 n only ( a crime1 b ( ! greate/ ( all crimes1 & t no disp5sation is giv5 to any ( !m to commit x 9 any case4 ,& x w\ld be obs]v$ f>!r1 t !re are o!r crimes1 :i* ^! fight+s g5]ally include1 :i* are equally specifi$ & =bidd5 9 ! great book1 b :i* !y ?9k x prop] to sanction 9 ! pres5t case4 ,?us1 all k9ds ( trea*]y & deceit are consid]$ to be all[able1 = a v anci5t philosoph] among !m has left a maxim ^u record1 & x has n yet be5 beat5 out ( _! heads1 not)/&+ ! precepts ( ! great book1 9 ne>ly ! foll[+ words3 ,:o ?9ks ( requir+ op5 c\rage ( an enemy1 or t trea*]y is n equally all[able 9 w>8#ae ,footnote #ae3 ,dolus an virtus quis 9 ho/e requirat8 ,/range6 ! sup]ior be+ w\ld reply4 ,!y seem to me to be rev]s+ ! ord] ( _! nature1 & ! end ( _! exi/5ce4 ,b h[ d !y ju/ify !mselves on ^! occasions8 ,x w\ld be answ]$1 t !y n only ju/ify !mselves1 b !y ev5 g s f> z to call ^! fight+s hon\rable4 ,! great] ! trea*]y1 if x succe$s1 & ! great] ! numb] ( ^! be+s kill$1 ! m glori\s is ! action e/eem$4 ,/ill m /range6 ! sup]ior be+ w\ld reply4 ,& is x possible1 he w\ld add1 t !y ent] into ?is pr(ession ,) a belief1 t !y are ent]+ into an hon\rable employ8 ,"s ( !m1 x w\ld be repli$1 consid] x z a g5teel employ4 ,& h5ce !y engage 9 x4 ,o!rs1 ( a lazy disposition1 pref] x to any o!r4 ,o!rs are decoy$ into x by trea*]y 9 v>i\s ways4 ,!re are also /rong dr9ks1 :i* !y are fond (1 & if !y are prevail$ ^u to take ^! to excess1 !y lose _! reason1 & !n !y are oblig$ to submit to x4 ,x mu/ be own$ too1 t :5 ^! w>s beg91 ! trades ( _m ( ^! little be+s are /opp$1 s t1 to get a tempor>y livelihood1 !y g out & fight4 ,nor mu/ x be conceal$1 t _m are =c$ to g1 bo? aga9/ _! judgm5t & aga9/ _! w4 ,! sup]ior be+1 hurt at ^! v>i\s acc\nts1 w\ld probably ask1 & :at !n does ! community get by ^! w>s1 z a c\nt]balance = ! loss ( s mu* happ9ess1 & ! production ( s mu* evil8 ,x w\ld be repli$1 no?+4 ,! community is g5]ally worse (f at ! end ( ^! w>s1 ?an :5 x began to cont5d4 ,b "h ! sup]ior be+ w\ld wi% to he> no m ( ! sy/em4 ,he w\ld sudd5ly turn away 8 face1 & retire into "o ( ! deep valleys ( 8 planet1 ei!r ) exclamations aga9/ ! folly1 or ) emotions ( pity = ! situation1 or ) expressions ( disgu/ at ! wick$ness1 ( ^! little creatures4 ,o = a lodge 9 "s va/ wild]ness1 ,"s b\ndless contiguity ( %ade1 ,:]e tum\r ( oppression & deceit1 ,( unsuccessful or successful w>1 ,might nev] rea* me m6 ,my e> is pa9'd1 ,my s\l is sick ) e day's report1 ,( wrong & outrage1 ) :i* e>? is fill'd4 ,l&s1 int]sect$ by a n>r[ fri?1 ,abhor ea* o!r4 ,m\nta9s int]pos'd1 ,make enemies ( nations :o _h else1 ,l k9dr$ drops1 be5 m+l$ into "o4 ,?us m5 devotes 8 bro!r1 & de/roys-- ,!n :at is man8 ,& :at man1 see+ ?is1 ,& hav+ human feel+s1 does n blu%1 ,& hang 8 head1 to ?9k himself a man8 ,,c[p] ,,sect4 ,,vi4 ,subject f>!r consid]$--,sad conceptions ( ^? relative to ! ,div9e ,be+1 & ! nature ( ! ,gospel1 :o plead = ! necessity ( w>--,w> necess>y1 :]e /atesm5 pursue ! policy ( ! _w--,nature & t5d5cy ( ?is policy--b n necess>y :]e !y pursue ! policy ( ! ,gospel--,nature & t5d5cy ( ?is policy--,?is t5d5cy f>!r confirm$ by a suppos$ case ( a few ,quak]s becom+ ! gov]nors ( ! _w4 ,x is n[ an old maxim1 & "t ) all its improvem5ts has n worn x away1 t w>s are necess>y 9 ! pres5t con/itution ( ! _w4 ,x has n ev5 be5 oblit]at$1 t !y are necess>y1 9 ord] to sweep (f mank9d on acc\nt ( ! n>r[ b\nd>ies ( ! e>?4 ,b !y1 :o make use ( ?is argum5t1 mu/ be aw>e1 t1 9 esp\s+ x1 !y decl>e no less1 ?an t ,god1 9 ! =mation ( 8 sy/em1 _h only half calculat$ or half provid$ = its cont9uance1 & t !y *>ge him ) a worse cruelty ?an is record$ ( ! wor/ ( m53 because1 if he told m5 to increase & multiply1 & gave !m passions accord+ly1 x w\ld appe> z if he _h creat$ !m only to enjoy an et]nal fea/ 9 ! sight ( _! de/ruction4 ,nor d !y make him a moral gov]nor ( ! _w1 if he all[s m5 to but*] "o ano!r )\t an individual provocation or (f5ce4 ,nei!r d p]sons1 argu+ = ! necessity ( w>s1 d less ?an set !mselves above ! prophecies or oracles ( ,god1 :i* decl>e1 t su* w>f>e %all "s "t or o!r cease4 ,nei!r d !y1 :5 !y consid] w>s z necess>y1 & z nev] to be done away on acc\nt ( ! wick$ passions ( m51 d less ?an speak blasphemy aga9/ ! ,gospel ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 because !y proclaim x to be inadequate to ! end propos$4 ,= ! prop] subjugation ( ^!1 among o!r purposes1 x 0 t ! ,gospel 0 promulgat$4 ,if x be ?\ght a miracle1 t ! passions ( m5 %\ld be subdu$1 x is /ill a miracle1 :i* ,*ri/ianity pr(esses to "w2 :i* x has work$ s9ce ! h\r ( its in/itution2 :i* x has work$ 9 m51 :o h plac$ _! highe/ reputation 9 m>tial glory2 & :i* x cont9ues to "w1 at ! pres5t day4 ,^?1 !re=e1 :o promote w>s1 & excite ! passions ( m5 = ?is purpose1 attempt to undo :at x is ! object ( ,*ri/ianity to d1 & to /op ! b5ign influ5ce ( ! ,gospel 9 ! he>ts ( m54 ,t w>s are necess>y1 or r t !y w be begun & cont9u$1 ,i d n mean to d5y1 :ile /atesm5 pursue ! wisdom or policy ( ! _w4 ,:at ?is wisdom or policy is1 x w n be difficult to trace4 ,& fir/1 :5 any matt] is 9 dispute among ! rul]s ( nations1 is x n a maxim1 t a high tone is desirable 9 ! settlem5t ( x1 9 ord] t ! p>ties may seem to betray nei!r fe> nor weakness1 & t !y may n be ?\ght to lose any ( _! dignity or _! _s8 ,n[ z ! human passions are con/itut$1 except !y h previ\sly be5 br\ght "u due regulation by ,*ri/ianity1 :at is m likely ?an t a high tone ( language on "o side %\ld beget a simil> tone on ! o!r1 or t _s1 once manife/$1 %\ld1 produce _s 9 return1 & t ea* %\ld fly (f1 z x 71 at a great] di/ance f accommodation ?an be=e1 & t1 :5 once exasp]ation has begun1 x %\ld increase4 ,n[ :at is ! *ance1 if su* policy be resort$ to on su* occasions1 ( ! pres]vation ( peace betwe5 !m8 ,&1 secondly1 is x n also a receiv$ maxim1 t1 9 controv]sies ( ?is sort1 a nation1 ev5 dur+ ! discussion1 %\ld arm itself1 9 ord] t x may %ew itself prep>$8 ,b if any "o nation arms dur+ ! discussion2 if x fits out armies or fleets ( obs]vation ) a view ( det]r+1 or ( be+ ready 9 case ( necessity ( /rik+1 z x is call$1 ! fir/ bl[2 :at is m probable1 ?an t ! o!r w arm also1 & t x w fit out its own armies & fleets likewise8 ,b :5 bo? are ?us arm$1 pride & _s w sc>cely suff] !m to relax1 & :at is !n m probable1 ?an t !y w beg9 to fight8 ,&1 ?irdly1 is x n a maxim also1 t1 ev5 dur+ ! attempt to t]m9ate ! dispute1 ! public m9d %\ld be prep>$8 ,are n ! public pap]s let loose to excite & propagate a flame8 ,& are n ! de$s ( our ance/ors u%]$ into our e>s to produce a m>tial _s8 ,b if ! national temp] is r\s$ on bo? sides1 & if prep>ations are c>ry+ on at ! same "t ) ! utmo/ vig\r1 :]e aga9 is ! hope ( ! prev5tion ( w> betwe5 !m8 ,&1 f\r?ly1 aft] ho/ilities are comm5c$1 is x n a maxim also to p]petuate ! enmity1 :i* has be5 ?us begun1 & to give x a deep] root1 & ev5 to make x et]nal by connect+ x ) religion8 ,?us flag-/affs are exhibit$ ^u /eeples1 bells are rung to ann\nce victories1 & s]mons are prea*$ z occasions arise1 z if ! places allott$ = ,*ri/ian wor%ip1 7 ! mo/ prop] f :5ce to issue ! news ( human suff]+1 or to excite ! passions ( m5 = ! de/ruction ( "o ano!r4 ,nor is ?is all4 ,! v col\rs ( ! armies are consecrat$4 ,i d n mean to say1 t l ! bann]s 9 ! ,praetorian t5ts1 !y are actually wor%ipp$1 b t an attempt is made to r5d] !m holy 9 ! eyes ( ^? :o are pres5t4 ,an attempt is made1 wond]ful to relate1 to incorporate w> into ! religion ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 & to p]petuate enmity on ! f\ndation ( ! ,gospel6 ,n[ ?is is ! policy ( ! _w1 & c x be s]i\sly imag9$1 t su* a sy/em z ?is c ev] lead to peace8 ,= :ile discussions relative to matt]s ( national dispute are c>ri$ on 9 a high tone1 because a m humble tone w\ld betray weakness or fe>2 :ile aga91 dur+ ?is discussion1 prep>ations = w> are go+ on1 because ! appe>ance ( be+ prep>$ w\ld convey ! idea ( det]m9$ resolution1 & ( m ?an ord9>y /r5g?2 :ile aga91 dur+ ! same discussion1 ! national _s is awak5$ & inflam$2 & :ile aga91 :5 ho/ilities h comm5c$1 measures are resort$ to1 to p]petuate a national enmity1 s t ! p>ties consid] !mselves z natural enemies ev5 9 ! succe$+ peace1 :at hope is !re ( ! ext]m9ation ( w> on e>?8 ,b let u n[ look at ! opposite policy1 :i* is t ( ! ,gospel4 ,n[ ?is policy w\ld consi/ 9 ! practice ( meekness1 mod]ation1 love1 pati5ce1 & =be>ance1 ) a /rict reg>d to ju/ice1 s t no advantages might be tak5 on ei!r side4 ,b if ^! pr9ciples1 all ( :i* are prev5tive ( irritation1 7 to be display$ 9 our negotiations abroad1 9 ! case ( any matt] 9 dispute1 w\ld !y n annihilate ! necessity ( w>s8 ,= :at is ! natural t5d5cy ( su* pr9ciples8 ,:at is _! t5d5cy1 = in/ance1 9 private life8 ,& :o are ! negotiators on ^! occasions b m58 ,:i* k9d ( conduct is mo/ likely to dis>m an oppon5t1 t ( him :o holds up 8 arm to /rike1 if 8 oppon5t %\ld n comply ) 8 t]ms1 or ( him :o argues ju/ly1 :o manife/s a temp] ( love & =be>ance1 & :o pr(esses t he w r suff] ?an resi/1 & t he w d e ?+ soon] ?an t ! affair %all n be amicably settl$8 ,! ,apo/le ,paul1 :o knew well ! human he>t1 says1 ,if ?9e enemy hung]1 fe$ him1 = 9 s do+ ?\ %alt heap coals ( fire on 8 head4 ,t is1 ?\ %all cause him1 by ?y amiable conduct1 to exp]i5ce burn+ feel+s )9 himself1 :i*1 :ile !y torm5t him ) ! wick$ness ( 8 own conduct1 %all make him e/eem !e1 & br+ him ov] to ?y side4 ,?us ?\ %alt ov]come 8 evil by ?y good4 ,or1 9 o!r words1 z fire melts ! h>de/ metals1 s ?y k9dness %all melt 8 ang]4 ,?us ,p>nell-- ,s arti/s melt ! sull5 ore ( lead1 ,by heap+ coals ( fire ^u its head4 ,t\*'d by ! w>m?1 ! metal teams to gl[1 ,& pure f dress1 ! silv] tang bel[4 ,?is policy aga9 w\ld consi/ ( ! practical duty ( attempt+ to tranquillize ! m9ds ( ! p1 :ile ! discussion 0 go+ on1 ( exhort+ !m to await ! ev5t ) composure1 ( decl>+ aga9/ ! folly & wick$ness ( w>s1 z if peace only c\ld be ! result1 ( ab/a9+ f all ho/ile prep>ations1 & inde$ f all appe>ance ( viol5ce4 ,n[ :at influ5ce w\ld su* conduct h aga91 b p>ticul>ly :5 kn[n to ! opposite p>ty8 ,if ! opposite p>ty 7 to see ^? allud$ to keep+ d[n ! passions ( _! p1 w\ld !y inflame ! passions ( _! own8 ,if !y 7 to be conv9c$1 t ^! 7 mak+ no prep>ations = w>1 w\ld !y put !mselves to ! exp5ce ( arm+8 ,c we see any o!r t]m9ation ( su* a conte/ ?an ! cont9uance ( peace8 ,t ! policy ( ! ,gospel1 if act$ ^u by /atesm51 w\ld r5d] w>s unnecess>y1 we may inf] f suppos$ cases4 ,&1 fir/1 ,i w\ld ask ?is simple "q1 :e!r1 if all ! _w 7 ,quak]s1 !re w\ld be any m w>s8 ,i am sure ! reply w\ld be1 no4 ,b :y n8 ,because nations ( ,quak]s1 x w\ld be repli$1 w\ld discuss matt]s 9 dispute betwe5 !m ) mod]ation1 ) temp]1 & ) =be>ance4 ,!y w\ld nev] make any ?reats4 ,!y w\ld nev] arm1 & consequ5tly !y w\ld nev] fight4 ,x w\ld be ow+ !n to ^! pr9ciples1 or1 9 o!r words1 to ! adoption ( ! policy ( ! ,gospel 9 pref]5ce ( ! policy ( ! _w1 t1 if ! globe 7 to be peopl$ by ,quak]s1 !re w\ld be no w>s4 ,n[ ,i w\ld ask1 :at are ,quak]s b m51 & might n all1 if !y w\ld suff] !mselves to be ca/ 9 ! same m\ld z ! ,quak]s1 come out ( x ( ! same =m & "*8 ,b ,i w g /ill f>!r4 ,i w suppose t any "o ( ! f\r cont95ts1 hav+ be5 previ\sly divid$ into ?ree p>ts1 0 gov]n$ only by ?ree ,quak]s1 & t ^! _h ! same au?ority ov] _! subjects1 z _! respective sov]eigns h at pres5t4 ,& ,i w9 ma9ta91 t !re w\ld nev] be1 ^u ?is cont95t1 dur+ _! respective adm9i/rations1 ano!r w>4 ,=1 fir/1 _m ( ! causes ( w> w\ld be cut (f4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 !re w\ld be no disputes ab\t insults (f]$ to flags4 ,!re w\ld be none aga9 ab\t ! balance ( p[]4 ,9 %ort1 x w\ld be laid d[n z a position1 t no "o 0 to d evil1 t good might come4 ,b z1 not)/&+1 !re might /ill be disputes f o!r causes1 ^! w\ld be amicably settl$4 ,= fir/1 ! same ,*ri/ian disposition w\ld be manife/ 9 ! discussion z 9 ! =m] case4 ,&1 secondly1 if ! matt] %\ld be ( an intricate nature1 s t "o ,quak] gov]nm5t c\ld n settle x ) ano!r1 ^! w\ld ref] x1 accord+ to _! con/itution1 to a ?ird4 ,?is w\ld be ! ne plus ultra ( ! bus9ess4 ,bo? ! discussion & ! dispute w\ld end "h4 ,:at a folly !n to talk ( ! necessity ( w>s1 :51 if b ?ree ,quak]s 7 to rule a cont95t1 !y w\ld cease !re8 ,!re c be no plea = su* language1 b ! impossibility ( tam+ ! human passions4 ,b ! subjugation ( ^! is ! imm$iate object ( our religion4 ,to confess1 !re=e1 t w>s mu/ be1 is ei!r to utt] a libel aga9/ ,*ri/ianity1 or to confess t we h n yet arriv$ at ! /ature ( real ,*ri/ians4 ,,sect4 ,,vii4 ,subject f>!r exam9$--,case all[$1 t if a cab9et ( good m5 _h to negotiate ) a cab9et ( good m51 !re might be no w>s--b :at w\ld be ! issue if good _h to deal ) bad--,case ( ,am]ican settl]s1 :o adopt$ ! policy ( ! _w1 & 7 always at w>--& ( o!r ,am]ican settl]s1 :o adopt$ ! policy ( ! ,gospel1 & 7 always at peace--,no case /rong]1 ?an :]e civiliz$ m5 _h to deal ) savage ,am]ican tribes4 ,i believe x w be all[$1 t ! ,quak] in/ances1 m5tion$ 9 ! la/ section1 are 9 po9t4 ,b ,i am aw>e also1 x w be said t1 ?\gh diff]5t cab9ets1 all hav+ ! same ,*ri/ian disposition1 w\ld settle _! disputes 9 a fri5dly mann]1 h[ w\ld a cab9et1 consi/+ ( spiritually m9d$ m51 settle ) a cab9et ( o!r m51 :o _h n br\ght _! passions "u due regulation1 & :o1 besides1 _h no notion ( ! unlawfulness ( w>4 ,i appreh5d t x w n be d5i$1 t m51 z f]oci\s z any record$ 9 hi/ory1 7 ^?1 :o 7 f\nd 9 ,am]ica1 :5 t cont95t 0 discov]$4 ,we he> no?+ ( ,africans1 or ( ,asiatics1 :i* w\ld induce u to suppose1 t !y 7 z wild & z b>b>\s z ^!4 ,& no?+ is m true ( ^!1 ?an !y1 7 frequ5tly conc]n$ 9 w>s4 ,i %all !re=e take ^! = an example1 & ,i %all %ew by ! opposite conduct ( two diff]5t communities t[>ds !m1 t x re/s ) m5 to live peaceably or n1 z !y cultivate ! disposition to d x1 or z !y foll[ ! policy ( ! ,gospel 9 pref]5ce ( ! policy ( ! _w4 ,:5 ! ,engli%1 ,dut*1 & o!rs1 began to p ,am]ica1 !y pur*as$ l& ( ! natives4 ,b :5 !y w5t to t cont95t1 not)/&+ !re 7 amiable p]sons among !m1 & fri5ds to civil & religi\s lib]ty1 !y w5t ) ! notions ( worldly policy1 & !y did n take ) !m ! ,*ri/ian wisdom ( ! unlawfulness ( w>4 ,!y act$ on ! sy/em ( prep>ation1 because !re might be dang]4 ,!y nev] settl$ )\t palisadoes & a =t4 ,!y kept _! nightly wat*es1 ?\gh unmole/$4 ,!y 71 9 %ort1 9 ! mid/ ( w>1 ?\gh no injury _h be5 (f]$ !m by ! natives1 & ?\gh pr(ess$ly 9 ! mid/ ( peace4 ,9 ! peopl+ ( ,connecticut1 = ,i mu/ beg9 ) "s "o /ate1 x 0 ord]$ at an ,engli% c\rt1#af hold5 at ,dor*e/]1 on ! sev5? day ( ,june1 #agcf1 t e t[n %\ld keep a wat*1 & be well suppli$ ) ammunition4 ,! con/ables 7 direct$ to w>n ! wat*es 9 _! turns1 & to make x _! c>e1 t !y %\ld be kept accord+ to ! direction ( ! c\rt4 ,!y 7 requir$ also to take c>e t ! inhabitants 7 well furni%$ ) arms & ammunition1 & kept 9 a con/ant /ate ( def5ce4 ,z ^! infant settlem5ts1 ! au?or obs]ves1 7 fill$ & surr\nd$ ) num]\s savages1 ! p conceiv$ !mselves 9 dang]1 :5 !y lay d[n1 & :5 !y rose up1 :5 !y w5t out1 & :5 !y came 94 ,_! circum/ances 7 su*1 t x 0 judg$ necess>y = e man to be a soldi]4 ,footnote #af3 ,trumbull's ,hi/ory ( ,connecticut1 p4 #ef4 ,i f9d f ?is au?or1 look+ f>!r into 8 hi/ory1 t previ\sly to ! ord] ( ! c\rt at ,dor*e/]1 :i* did no?+ m ?an enjo9 a m /rict execution ( ! orig9al plan1 :i* 0 t ( milit>y prep>ation & def5ce1 "s ( ! settl]s _h be5 kill$ by ! natives4 ,! provocation :i* ! natives receiv$1 is n m5tion$4 ,b x 0 probably provocation en\gh to savage ,indians1 to see p settle 9 _! c\ntry ) all ! signs & symptoms ( w>4 ,0 su* a sy/em likely to h any o!r effect ?an t ( excit+ _! jeal\sy8 ,!y c\ld see t ^! settl]s _h at lea/ no objection to ! use ( arms4 ,!y c\ld see t ^! arms c\ld nev] be int5d$ b aga9/ o!r p]sons1 & !re 7 no o!r p]sons !re b !mselves4 ,judg+ !re=e by outw>d circum/ances1 !y c\ld draw no inf]5ce ( a peaceable disposition 9 _! new neighb\rs4 ,w> soon foll[$4 ,! ,pequots 7 attack$4 ,prison]s 7 made on bo? sides4 ,! ,indians treat$ ^? settl]s b>b>\sly1 :o fell into _! h&s1 = !y did n see1 on ! capture ( _! own c\ntrym51 any bett] usage on ! "p ( ! settl]s !mselves2 = ^! settl]s1 aga91 _h n ! wisdom to use ! policy ( ! ,gospel1 b pref]r$ ! policy ( ! _w4#ag ,?\gh ! fir/ plant]s ( ,new-,engl& & ,connecticut1 says ! same au?or1 7 m5 ( em95t piety & /rict morals1 yet1 l o!r good m51 !y 7 subject to misconception1 & ! influ5ce ( passion4 ,_! behead+ sa*ems :om !y took 9 w>1 kill+ ! male captives1 & enslav+ ! wom5 & *ildr51 0 treat+ !m ) a sev]ity1 :i*1 on ! b5evol5t pr9ciples ( ,*ri/ianity1 x w be difficult to ju/ify4 ,footnote #ag3 ,p4 #aab4 ,aft] ?is treatm5t1 w> foll[$ w>4 ,& z o!r settlem5ts 7 made by o!rs 9 o!r /ates on ! same pr9ciples1 w> fell to _! portion likewise4 ,& ! :ole hi/ory ( ! settlem5t ( ,am]ica1 :]e ^! pr9ciples 7 foll[$1 or :]e ! policy ( ! _w 0 adopt$1 is full ( ! w>s betwe5 ! settl]s & ! ,indians1 :i* h cont9u$ m or less1 & ?is ne>ly up to ! pres5t day4 ,b widely diff]5t 0 ! situation ( ! settl]s "u ,william ,p5n4 ,:5 he & 8 fell[ ,quak]s w5t to ?is cont95t1 !y w5t ) ! pr9ciples ( ,*ri/ian wisdom1 or !y adopt$ ! policy ( ! ,gospel in/ead ( ! policy ( ! _w4 ,!y _h to deal ) ! same savage ,indians z ! o!r settl]s4 ,!y _h ! same fury to gu>d aga9/1 & 7 9 a situation mu* m expos$ to attack1 & ( c\rse mu* m creative ( al>m2 = !y _h nei!r sword nor musket1 nor pallisadoe1 nor =t4 ,!y judg$ x nei!r necess>y to wat*1 nor to be provid$ ) ammunition1 nor to become soldi]s4 ,!y spoke ! language ( peace to ! natives1 & !y prov$ ! s9c]ity ( _! language by _! cont9uance 9 a def5celess condition4 ,!y held out also1 t all w>s 7 unlawful1 & t1 :atev] injuries 7 (f]$ !m1 !y w\ld soon] be> !m1 ?an gratify ! pr9ciple ( rev5ge4 ,x is q ne$less to g f>!r into ! sy/em ( ?is v5]able f\nd] ( ,p5nsylvania4 ,b x may be obs]v$1 t no ,quak] settl]s1 :5 kn[n to be su*1#ah 7 kill$1 &1 :atev] attacks 7 made ^u ! possessors ( l& 9 _! neighb\rhood1 none 7 ev] made ^u ^? :o settl$ on ! l&s pur*as$ by ,william ,p5n4 ,footnote #ah3 ,! ,indians %ot him :o _h ! gun1 says ,/orey 9 8 ,j\rnal1 & :5 !y knew ! "y man !y kill$ 0 a ,quak]1 !y seem$ sorry = x1 b blam$ him = c>ry+ a gun4 ,= !y knew ! ,quak]s w\ld n fight1 or d !m any h>m1 & !re=e1 by c>ry+ a gun1 !y took him = an enemy4 ,?is in/ance1 :i* 0 9 aft] times1 confirms /ill m /rongly all t has be5 said on ?is subject4 ,quak]s at ?is "t occasionally arm$ !mselves aga9/ ! wild bea/s ( ! c\ntry4 ,x may n be improp] to obs]ve f>!r1 t ! h>moni\s int]c\rse betwe5 ! ,quak]s & ! ,indians cont9ues un9t]rupt$ to ! pres5t day4 ,9 matt]s ( great & public conc]n1 ( :i* ,i c\ld m5tion in/ances1 x has be5 usual ) ! ,indians to s5d deputies to ! ,quak]s = advice1 & ! =m] h ev5 be5 prevail$ ^u by ! latt] to rel9qui% w>s1 :i* !y _h x 9 contemplation to und]take4 ,x is usual also = "s ( ^! to s5d _! *ildr5 to ! ,quak]s = education4 ,& s great is ! influ5ce ( ! ,quak]s ov] "s ( ^! tribes1 t _m individuals belong+ to !m1 & n[ liv+ toge!r1 h be5 reclaim$ f a savage life4 ,^! h laid aside ! toilsome occupations ( ! *ase4 ,!y raise horses1 cattle1 & %eep4 ,!y cultivate :eat & flax4 ,!y weave & sp94 ,!y h h\ses1 b>ns1 & saw-mills among !m4 ,!y h s*ools also1 & civilization is tak+ place ( ! grosse/ b>b>ism4 ,^! facts1 :5 contra/$1 speak = !mselves4 ,a cab9et ( ,quak] m9i/]s1 act+ ^u ! policy ( ! ,gospel1 has be5 seat$ 9 ! he>t ( a savage & w>like nation1 & peace has be5 kept ) !m = ev]4 ,a cab9et ( o!r settl]s1 act+ on ! policy ( ! _w1 has be5 seat$ 9 ! he>t ( nations ( a simil> description1 & !y h almo/ con/antly1 be5 embroil$ 9 w>s4 ,if ,*ri/ian policy has _h its influ5ce on ,b>b>ians1 x w\ld be libell\s to say1 t x w\ld n h its influ5ce ^u ^? :o pr(ess to be ,*ri/ians4 ,let u !n aga91 f ! in/ances :i* h be5 n[ recit$1 deprecate ! necessity ( w>s4 ,let u n ?9k s meanly ( ! ,*ri/ian religion1 z t x does n =bid1 nor s meanly ( its p[]1 z t x is n ante to prev5t1 _! cont9uance4 ,let u n ?9k1 to ! disgrace ( our religion1 t ! human he>t1 "u its influ5ce1 %\ld be s retrogade1 t ! expect$ bless+ ( univ]sal peace %\ld be ?\ght no improvem5t 9 our moral condition1 or t our feel+s "u its influ5ce %\ld cont9ue s impure1 t1 :5 x arrives1 we %\ld reg>d x n s mu* a bless+1 z a cures4 ,b let u1 on ! o!r h&1 hope & believe1 t1 z an opposite & pur] policy is act$ ^u1 x w d good to our own natures1 good to ! peace & happ9ess ( ! _w1 & hon\r to ! religion ( ! ,gospel4 ,,sect4 ,,viii ,subject f9ally consid]$--,au?ors ( w>s g5]ally ju/ify _! own z def5sive--& /ate t1 if any nation 7 to give up ! practice ( w>1 or to act on ! policy ( ! ,gospel1 x w\ld be ov]run by o!rs1 :i* act$ ^u ! policy ( ! _w--,reason to believe1 t su* a nation w\ld be held 9 v5]ation by o!rs1 & appli$ to by !m = ! settlem5t ( _! disputes--,s5tim5ts ( ,bi%op ,butl] 9 a suppos$ case--,case ( ,anton9us ,pius--,conclusion4 ,hav+ n[ said all t ,i int5d$ to say on ! suppos$ necessity ( w>s1 ,i %all = a %ort "t direct ! att5tion ( ! read] to two po9ts1 ! only two1 t ,i purpose to notice on ?is subject4 ,x is usually said1 fir/1 t ! diff]5t p[]s1 :o g to w>1 give x out t _! w>s are def5sive1 or t !y ju/ify !mselves on ?is pr9ciple4 ,i %all obs]ve 9 reply to ?is1 t x is frequ5tly difficult to det]m9e1 :]e actual aggression beg9s4 ,ev5 old aggressions1 ( long /&+1 h _! be>+s 9 ^! disputes4 ,n %all we f9d (t5 any clue to a solution ( ! difficulty 9 ! manife/oes ( ei!r p>ty1 = ea* makes 8 own case good 9 ^!2 & if we 7 to decide on ! m]its ( ! "q by ! cont5ts ( ^!1 we %\ld (t5 come to ! conclusion1 t bo? ! p>ties 7 wrong4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 a notion may h be5 guilty ( an (f5ce to ano!r4 ,s f> ! cause ( ! o!r is a j "o4 ,b if ! o!r %\ld arm fir/1 & ?is dur+ an attempt at accommodation1 x w be a "q1 :e!r x does n =feit its pret5sions to a j case1 & :e!r bo? are n !n to be consid]$ z aggressors on ! occasion8 ,:5 a nation av[s its object 9 a w>1 & *anges its object 9 ! c\rse ( x1 ! presumption is1 t su* a nation has be5 ! aggressor4 ,& :]e any nation goes to w> ^u no o!r av[$ pr9ciple1 ?an t ( ! balance ( p[]1 su* a nation1 h[ev] "r accord+ to ! policy ( ! _w1 is an aggressor accord+ to ! policy ( ! ,gospel1 because x proce$s ^u ! pr9ciple1 t x is lawful to d evil1 t good may come4 ,if a nation hires or employs ! troops ( ano!r to fight = x1 ?\gh x is n ! aggressor 9 any w>1 yet x has ! crime ^u its head ( mak+ ^? aggressors1 :om x employs4 ,b1 g5]ally speak+1 few mod]n w>s c be call$ def5sive4 ,a w>1 purely def5sive1 is t 9 :i* ! inhabitants ( a nation rema9 :olly at home to repel ! attacks ( ano!r1 & cont5t !mselves ) s5d+ protection to ! settlem5ts :i* belong to x4 ,b few in/ance are record$ ( su* w>s4 ,b if !re be (t5 a difficulty 9 disc]n+ betwe5 aggressive & def5sive w>s1 & if1 moreov]1 !re is reason to suppose1 t mo/ ( ! mod]n w>s are aggressive1 or t bo? patties become aggressors 9 ! c\rse ( ! dispute1 x becomes ! rul]s ( nations to pause1 & to exam9e _! own consci5ces ) fe> & trembl+1 be=e !y all[ ! ,sword to b$rawn1 le/ a dreadful responsibility %\ld fall ^u _! heads = all ! de/ruction ( happ9ess1 all ! havoc ( life1 & all ! slaught] ( morals t may ensue4 ,x is said1 secondly1 t if any nation 7 publicly to det]m9e to rel9qui% ! practice if w>1 or to act on ! policy ( ! ,gospel1 x w\ld be ov]run by o!r nations :i* might act on ! policy ( ! _w4 ,?is argum5t is nei!r m nor less ?an t ( ! ,pagan ,celsus1 :o said 9 ! second c5tury1 t1 if ! re/ ( ! ,roman empire 7 ,*ri/ians1 x w\ld be ov]run by ! ,b>b>ians4 ,indep5d5tly ( ! protection1 :i* su* a nation might c\nt ^u f ! moral ,gov]nor ( ! _w1 let u enquire1 ^u rational pr9ciples1 :at w\ld be likely to be its fate4 ,armies1 we "k1 are kept up by "o nation1 pr9cipally because !y are kept up by ano!r4 ,& 9 proportion z "o rival nation adds to its /&+ armies1 x is ?\ght by ! o!r to be consi/5t ) ! policy ( ! _w to d ! same4 ,b if "o nation 7 to decl9e keep+ any armies at all1 :]e w\ld be ! viol5ce1 to reason to suppose1 t ! o!r w\ld foll[ ! example8 ,:o w\ld n be glad to get rid ( ! exp5ce ( keep+ !m1 if !y c\ld d x ) safety8 ,nor is x likely1 t any p[]ful nation1 pr(ess+ to rel9qui% w>1 w\ld exp]i5ce ! calamities ( x4 ,its c>e to avoid provocation w\ld be s great1 & its language w\ld be s temp]ate1 & reasonable1 & j1 & conciliatory1 9 ! case ( any dispute :i* might arise1 t x c\ld h>dly fail ( obta9+ an accommodation4 ,& ! probability is1 t su* a nation w\ld gr[ s high 9 e/eem ) o!r nations1 t !y w\ld h rec\rse to x 9 _! disputes ) "o ano!r1 & w\ld abide by its decision4 ,add ! g5]al influ5ce1 says ! great ,bi%op ,butl] 9 8 ,analogy1 :i* ea* a k+dom w\ld h ov] ! face ( ! e>?1 by way ( example p>ticul>ly1 & ! rev]5ce :i* w\ld be paid to x4 ,x w\ld pla9ly be sup]ior to all o!rs1 & ! _w mu/ gradually come "u its empire1 n by means ( lawless viol5ce1 b p>tly by :at mu/ be all[$ to be j conque/1 & p>tly by o!r k+doms submitt+ !mselves volunt>ily to x1 ?r\gh\t a c\rse ( ages1 & claim+ its protection "o aft] ano!r 9 successive exig5cies4 ,! head ( x w\ld be an univ]sal mon>* 9 ano!r s5se ?an any o!r mortal has yet be51 & ! ea/]n /yle w\ld be lit]ally applicable to him1 t all p1 nations1 & languages1 %\ld s]ve him4 ,n[ ,bi%op ,butl] supposes ?is w\ld be ! effect1 :]e ! individuals ( a nation 7 p]fectly virtu\s4 ,b ,i ask mu* less = my hypo!sis4 ,i only ask t ! rul+ memb]s ( ! cab9et ( any great nation 7& p]haps ^! w\ld only am\nt to ?ree or f\r7 %\ld consi/ ( real ,*ri/ians1 or ( su* m5 z w\ld implicitly foll[ ! policy ( ! ,gospel1 & ,i believe ! result w\ld be z ,i h describ$ x4 ,nor inde$ are we )\t in/ances ( ! k9d4 ,! goodness ( ! emp]or ,anton9us ,pius 0 s great1 t he 0 said to h outdone all example4 ,he _h no w> 9 ! c\rse ( a long reign ( tw5ty-f\r ye>s1 s t he 0 comp>$ to ,numa4 ,& no?+ is m true1 ?an t pr9ces ref]r$ _! controv]sies to 8 decision4 ,nor mo/ ,i =get aga9 to br+ to ! notice ( ! read] ! in/ance1 ?\gh on a small] scale1 ( ! coloni/s & desc5dants ( ,william ,p5n4 ,! ,quak]s h uni=mly conduct$ !mselves t[>ds ! ,indians 9 su* a mann]1 z to h giv5 !m f _! e>lie/ int]c\rse1 an exult$ idea ( _! "*4 ,& ! consequ5ce is1 z ,i /at$ 9 a =m] section1 t ! =m]1 9 affairs ( importance1 are consult$ by ! latt] at ! pres5t day4 ,b :y1 if ! cab9et ( any "o p[]ful nation 7 to act ^u ! noble pr9ciple ( rel9qui%+ w>1 %\ld we ?9k ! o!r cab9ets s lo/ to good feel+s1 z n to respect its virtue8 ,let u in/antly ab&on ?is ?\ght2 = ! supposition ( a contr>y s5tim5t w\ld make !m worse ?an ! savages ,i h m5tion$4 ,let u !n *]i% ! fond hope1 t human animosities are n to be et]nal1 & t man is n always to be made a tig] to man4 ,let u hope t ! gov]nm5t ( "s "o nation 7& :5 we consid] ! va/ p[] ( ! ,briti% empire1 ! nature ( its con/itution & religion1 & ! g5]al humanity ( its inhabitants1 none w\ld be bett] qualifi$ ?an our own7 w set ! example ( ! total d]eliction ( w>s4 ,& let u1 9 all our respective situations1 prec$e ! anticipat$ bless+1 by hold+ out ! necessity ( ! subjugation ( ! passions1 & by inculcat+ ! doctr9e ( univ]sal b5evol5ce to man1 s t :5 we look ^u ! beautiful isl&s1 :i* lie scatt]$ z s _m ornam5ts ( ! ocean1 we may wi% _! sev]al inhabitants no great] injury ?an ! viol5ce ( _! own waves2 or t1 :5 we view cont95ts at a di/ance f u1 we may consid] !m z inhabit$ by our bro!rs2 or t :5 we contemplate ! ocean itself1 :i* may sep>ate !m f our sight1 we may consid] x1 n z sep>at+ our love1 b z int5d$ by ,provid5ce to be ! means ( a quick] int]c\rse = ! ex*ange ( reciprocal bless+s4 ,,*ap4 ,,iv4 ,,sect4 #a4 ,f\r? t5et is on ! subject ( a pecuni>y ma9t5ance ( a ,gospel m9i/ry--,example & precepts ( ,jesus ,*ri/--,also ( ,paul & ,pet]--,conclusions f ^! premises--,^! conclusions support$ by ! primitive practice--,great t5et result+ f ^! conclusions1 & ?is primitive practice is1 t ! ,quak]s hold x unlawful to pay _! own m9i/]s1 & also o!rs ( any o!r d5om9ation1 = _! ,gospel lab\rs4 ,! f\r? & la/ t5et ( ! ,quak]s is on ! subject ( ! unlawfulness ( a pecuni>y ma9t5ance ( a ,gospel m9i/ry4 ,9 expla9+ ?is t5et1 ,i am aw>e t ,i am tread+ ^u delicate gr\nd4 ,! great majority ( ,*ri/ians h det]m9$1 t ! spiritual lab\r] is wor?y ( 8 hire2 t if m5 rel9qui% ! usual occupations by :i* a livelihood is obta9$1 9 ord] t !y may devote !mselves to ! s]vice ( religion1 !y are entitl$ to a pecuni>y ma9t5ance2 & t1 if !y produce a ri* h>ve/ f :at !y s[1 !y are ( all m51 consid]+ _! usefulness to man to be great] 9 ?is ?an 9 any o!r s]vice !y c r5d] him1 ! mo/ wor?y ( enc\ragem5t & support4 ,i am aw>e also ( ! possibility ( giv+ (f5ce to "s 9 ! c\rse ( ! explanation ( ?is t5et4 ,to ^! ,i c only say1 t ,i h no int5tion ( hurt+ ! feel+s ( any2 t 9 ! *ur* !re are ^? :om ,i e/eem & love1 & :om ( all o!rs ,i %\ld be sorry to (f5d4 ,b x mu/ be obvi\s to ^!1 & inde$ to all1 t x is impossible = me1 9 writ+ a hi/ory ( ! mann]s & op9ions ( ! ,quak]s1 to pass ov] 9 sil5ce ! t5et t is n[ be=e me2 & if ,i notice x1 !y mu/ be s5sible1 t x becomes me to /ate fully & fairly all ! argum5ts :i* ! ,quak]s give = ! diff]5ce ( op9ion1 :i* !y manife/ f ! re/ ( _! fell[-citiz5s1 on ?is subject4 ,x does n appe> !n1 ! ,quak]s say1 by any records t c be produc$1 t ,jesus ,*ri/ ev] receiv$ any paym5t = ! doctr9es :i* he taught1 nei!r does x appe>1 z f> z 8 own in/ructions1 :i* are record$ by ! ,evangeli/s1 c be collect$ on ?is subject1 t he consid]$ any pecuni>y /ip5d z necess>y or prop] = ^? :o 7 to assi/ 9 ! promotion ( 8 religion4 ,jesus ,*ri/1 on ! erection ( 8 ,gospel m9i/ry1 gave rules to 8 disciples1 h[ !y 7 to conduct !mselves 9 ! case be=e u4 ,he enjo9$ ! twelve1 be=e he s5t !m on ?is err&1 z we collect f ,/4 ,mat!w & ,/4 ,luke1 t1#ai z !y _h receiv$ freely1 s !y 7 to give freely2 t !y 7 to provide nei!r gold1 nor silv]1 nor brass 9 _! purses1 nor scrip1 nor o!r ?+s = _! j\rney2 = t ! workman 0 wor?y ( 8 meat4 ,&1 on _! return f _! mission1 he ask$ !m1#bj ,:5 ,i s5t y )\t purse1 & scrip1 & %oes1 lack$ ye any ?+8 ,& !y said1 no?+4 ,!n said he unto !m1 b n[ he t ha? a purse let him take x1 & likewise 8 scrip4 ,footnote #ai3 ,matt x4 #h4 ,luke ix4 #a4 ,footnote #bj3 ,luke xxii4 #ce4 ,9 a little "t aft]w>ds1 ,jesus ,*ri/ s5t out o!r sev5ty z disciples1 to :om he gave in/ructions simil> to ! =m]1 t !y %\ld n take scrip1 clo!s1 & money ) !m4 ,b to ^! he said additionally1 t#ba :]esoev] !y 7 receiv$1 !y 7 to eat su* ?+s z 7 giv5 !m2 b :]e !y 7 n receiv$1 !y 7 to g _! way1 & say1 ev5 ! du/ ( y\r city1 :i* cleave? on u1 we d wipe (f aga9/ y4 ,& z on t occasion he comp>$ ! m9i/]s ( 8 ,gospel to ! lab\r]s1 :om a man s5ds to ! h>ve/1 he told !m !y 7 at lib]ty to eat :at 0 set be=e !m1 because ! lab\r] 0 wor?y ( 8 hire4 ,footnote #ba3 ,luke x4 ,?is ! ,quak]s conceive to be ! sub/ance ( all t ,jesus ,*ri/ taught ^u ?is subject4 ,!y g !re=e next to ,/4 ,paul = a f>!r elucidation ( x4 ,!y are ( op9ion1 t ,/4 ,paul1 9 8 ,epi/le to#bb ,timo?y1 & to ! ,cor9?ians1 & ,galatians1 ackn[l$ges ! position1 t ! spiritual lab\r] is wor?y ( 8 hire4 ,footnote #bb3 #a ,cor4 ix4--#a ,tim4 v4--,gal4 vi4 ,! same ,apo/le1 h[ev]1 says1 t#bc if any w\ld n "w1 nei!r %\ld he eat4 ,f ?is text ! ,quak]s draw two conclusions1 fir/1 t :5 m9i/]s ( ! ,gospel are idle1 !y are n entitl$ to bodily su/5ance2 &1 secondly1 t ^? only1 :o receive !m1 are expect$ to support !m4 ,! same ,apo/le says also1#bd ,let him t is taught 9 ! ^w1 communicate unto him t tea*e? 9 all good ?+s1 b he n[h]e says1 to him t tea*e? n4 ,footnote #bc3 #b ,!s4 iii4 #aj4 ,footnote #bd3 ,gal4 vi4 #f4 ,b ?\gh m51 :o fai?fully sp5d _! "t 9 prea*+ ! ,gospel1 are entitl$ to bodily ma9t5ance f ^? :o receive !m1 yet ,/4 ,paul1 ! ,quak]s say1 z f> z 8 own practice 0 conc]n$ ?\ght x m consi/5t ) ! _s ( ,*ri/ianity1 & less detrim5tal to its int]e/s1 to support himself by ! lab\r ( 8 own h&s1 ?an to be support$ by t ( o!rs4 ,& he advises o!rs to d ! same1 & n to make _! prea*+ *>geable1#be n because1 says he we h n p[]1 b to make ourselves an ensample to y to foll[ u4 ,footnote #be3 #b ,!s4 iii4 #j4 ,?is p[] ! ,quak]s consid] m9i/]s ( ! ,gospel to abuse1 :o make _! prea*+ *>geable1 if by any means1 !y c support !mselves2 = ,/4 ,paul says f>!r1 #bf ,:at is my rew>d !n8 ,v]ily t1 :5 ,i prea* ! ,gospel1 ,i may make ! ,gospel ( ,*ri/ )\t *>ge1 t ,i abuse n my p[] 9 ! ,gospel4 ,?us ! ,apo/le1 !y conceive1 looks up to ,god & n to m5 = ! rew>d ( 8 spiritual lab\rs4 ,& ! same ,apo/le makes x a *>act]i/ic ( ! false tea*]s1 t !y make m]*&ize ( _! he>]s4#bg ,footnote #bf3 #a ,cor4 ix4 #ah4 ,footnote #bg3 #b ,pet4 ii4 #c4 ,x is object$ to ! ,quak]s1 on ?is occasion1 t ,/4 ,paul receiv$ relief f ! bre?r5 at ,philippi1 z well z f o!rs1 :5 he did n prea*4 ,b _! reply is1 t ?is relief consi/$ ( volunt>y & affectionate pres5ts s5t to him 9 circum/ances ( di/ress4 ,9 ?is case ! ,apo/le /ates1 t he nev] desir$ ^! gifts1 b t x 0 pleasant to him to see 8 religi\s in/ruction produce a b5evol5ce ( disposition t w\ld ab\nd to _! acc\nt4#bh ,footnote #bh3 ,philip4 iv4 #ag4 ,/4 ,pet] is ! only o!r p]son1 :o is m5tion$ 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t z speak+ on ?is subject4 ,writ+ to ^?1 :o _h be5 call$ to ! spiritual ov]sight ( ! *ur*es1 he advises z foll[s3#bi ,fe$ ! flock ( ,god1 :i* is among y1 tak+ ! ov]sight !re( n by con/ra9t b will+ly1 n = fil?y lucre1 b ( a ready m9d1 nei!r z be+ lords ov] ,god's h]itage1 b be+ examples to ! flock4 ,& :5 ! *ief ,%eph]d %all appe>1 ye %all receive a cr[n ( glory t fade? n away4 ,^u ^! words ! ,quak]s make ?ree obs]vations2 t m9i/]s %\ld n make a ga9 ( ! ,gospel2 t !y %\ld look to ,god = _! rew>d1 & n to m52 & t ,pet] himself mu/ h prea*$1 l ,/4 ,paul1 )\t fee or rew>d1 or he c\ld n consi/5tly h recomm5d$ su* a practice to o!rs4 ,footnote #bi3 #a ,pet4 v4 #b4 ,! ,quak]s1 !re=e1 f ! example & precepts ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 & ( ! ,apo/les ,paul & ,pet]1 come to ! foll[+ conclusions on ?is subject4 ,fir/1 t ,god raises up 8 own m9i/]s4 ,secondly1 t ^! are to disp5se 8 ,gospel freely4 ,?irdly1 t !y are to take1 :]eev] !y are receiv$1 su* ?+s z are giv5 !m1 :i* ?+s !y des]ve :ile 9 ! ex]cise ( _! call+1 z mu* z ! lab\r] 8 hire1 b t no b>ga9s are to be made ab\t religion2 t !y are n to compel m5 to give1 nei!r are !y to take away any ?+ f ^? :o are unwill+ to receive !m1 b1 9 ?is case1 to g _! ways1 & %ake ! du/ f _! feet aga9/ !m1 or1 9 o!r words1 to decl>e t !y h done _! own duty 9 go+ to !m ) ! ^w ( ,god1 & t ! fault lies ) !m 9 refus+ to he> x4 ,nei!r1 :5 !y return f _!1 missions1 or are idle at home1 are !y to receive any ?+1 b to use _! own scrips & purses1 & clo!s4 ,& f\r?ly1 t ?\gh x be lawful = !m to receive su* su/5ance1 "u su* limitations1 dur+ ! ex]cise ( _! m9i/ry1 x w\ld be m consi/5t ) ! _s ( ,*ri/ianity1 if !y w\ld give _! spiritual lab\rs freely1 & look up to ,god = _! rew>d1 ?us avoid+ ! "* ( false tea*]s1 & ! imputation ( an abuse ( _! p[] 9 ! ,gospel4 ,n[ ^! conclusions1 ! ,quak]s say1 seem to h be5 sanction$1 9 a great measure1 by ! primitive practice = ! ?ree fir/ c5turies ( ! *ur*1 or till ! d>kness ( apo/acy began to ov]:elm ! religi\s _w4 ,9 ! v e>ly times ( ! ,gospel1 _m ,*ri/ians1 bo? at ,j]usalem & ,alex&ria 9 ,egypt1 sold _! possessions1 & liv$ toge!r on ! produce ( _! common /ock4 ,o!rs 9 ,antio*1 ,galatia1 & ,pontus1 reta9$ _! e/ates 9 _! possession1 b e/abli%$ a fund1 consi/+ ( weekly or mon?ly (f]+s1 = ! support ( ! *ur*4 ,?is fund cont9u$ 9 aft] times4 ,b x 0 pr9cipally = ! relief ( poor & di/ress$ sa9ts1 9 :i* ! m9i/]s ( ! ,gospel1 if 9 t situation1 might also %>e4 ,t]tullian1 9 speak+ ( su* funds1 gives ! foll[+ acc\nt3 ,:atsoev] we h1 says he1 9 ! treasury ( our *ur*es1 is n rais$ by taxation1 z ?\gh we put m5 to ransom _! religion1 b e man once a mon?1 or :5 x please? him1 be/[e? :at he ?9ks prop]1 b n except he be will+4 ,= no man is compell$1 b left free to 8 own discretion4 ,& t1 :i* is ?us giv51 is n be/[$ 9 vanity1 b 9 reliev+ ! poor1 & ^u *ildr5 de/itute ( p>5ts1 & 9 ! ma9t5ance ( ag$ & feeble p]sons1 & ( m5 wreck$ by sea1 & ( su* z h be5 condemn$ to metallic m9es1 or h be5 bani%$ to isl&s1 or h be5 ca/ into prison1 pr(ess+ ! ,*ri/ian fai?4 ,9 process ( "t1 t[>ds ! close ( ! ?ird c5tury1 "s l&s began to be giv5 to ! *ur*4 ,! rev5ue f ^! 0 ?r[n into ! g5]al treasury or fund1 & 0 di/ribut$1 z o!r (f]+s 71 by ! deacons & eld]s1 b nei!r bi%ops nor m9i/]s ( ! ,gospel 7 all[$ to h any conc]n ) x4 ,x appe>s f ,orig51 ,cyprian1 ,urban1 ,prosp]1 & o!rs1 t if 9 ^? times su* m9i/]s 7 able to support !mselves1 !y 7 to h no?+ f ?is fund4 ,! fund 0 n = ! b5efit ( any p>ticul> p]son4 ,b if su* m9i/]s /ood 9 ne$ ( su/5ance1 !y might receive f x2 b !y 7 to be satisfi$ ) simple diet1 & necess>y app>el4 ,& s sacr$ 0 ?is fund held to ! purposes ( its in/itution1 t ! fir/ ,*ri/ian emp]ors1 :o did z ! bi%ops advis$ !m1 _h no rec\rse to x1 b suppli$ ! wants ( m9i/]s ( ! ,gospel f _! own rev5ues1 z ,eusebius1 ,!odoret1 & ,sozom5 relate4 ,! c\ncil ( ,antio*1 9 ! ye> #cdj1 f9d+ fault ) ! deacons relative to ! managem5t ( ! funds ( ! *ur*es1 orda9$ t ! bi%ops might di/ribute !m1 b t !y %\ld take no "p ( !m to !mselves1 or = ! use ( ! prie/s & bre?r5 :o liv$ ) !m1 unless necessity requir$ x1 us+ ! words ( ! ,apo/le1 ,hav+ food & raim5t1 be !re) cont5t4 ,9 look+ at o!r in/ances1 cit$ by ! ,quak]s1 ,i %all m5tion "o1 :i* ?r[s light = a few ye>s f>!r ^u ?is subject4 ,9 ! ye> #cei1 ,con/ant9e1 ! emp]or1 hav+ summon$ a g5]al c\ncil ( bi%ops to ,arm9ium 9 ,italy1 & provid$ = _! subsi/5ce !re1 ! ,briti% & ,fr5* bi%ops1 judg+ x n fit to live on ! public1 *ose r to live at _! own exp5ce4 ,?ree only out ( ,brita91 compell$ by want1 b yet refus+ assi/ance (f]$ to !m by ! re/1 accept$ ! emp]or's provision1 judg+ x m prop] to subsi/ by public ?an by private support4 ,?is delicate conduct ( ! bi%ops is br\ght to %ew1 t1 :]e m9i/]s ( ! ,gospel _h ! p[] ( ma9ta9+ !mselves1 !y _h no notion ( look+ to ! public4 ,9 %ort1 9 ^? e>ly times1 m9i/]s 7 ma9ta9$ only :]e _! necessities requir$ x1 & ?is out ( ! fund = ! poor4 ,^?1 :o took f ! fund1 _h ! p>ticul> application giv5 !m ( sportul>ii1 or basket-cl]ks1 because1 accord+ to ,orig51 ,t]tullian1 ,cyprian1 & o!rs1 !y _h _! portion ( su/5ance1 giv5 !m 9 baskets4 ,^! portions consi/$ b ( a small pittance1 suffici5t only = _! livelihood1 & 7 giv5 !m on ! pr9ciple laid d[n by ,/4 ,mat!w1 t ! m9i/]s ( ,jesus ,*ri/ 7 to eat & dr9k only su* ?+s z 7 set be=e !m4 ,9 process ( "t new doctr9es 7 advanc$ relative to ! ma9t5ance ( ! m9i/ry1 :i* w be h]eaft] expla9$4 ,b z ^! 7 ! inv5tions ( m51 & introduc$ dur+ ! apo/acy1 ! ,quak]s see no reason1 :y !y %\ld look up to ^! 9 pref]5ce to ^? ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 & ( ! ,apo/les1 & ( ! practice ( ,*ri/ians 9 ! pure/ p]iods ( ! *ur*4 ,!y believe1 on ! o!r h&1 t ! latt] only are to be reli$ ^u z ! true doctr9es4 ,^! 7 f\nd$ 9 div9e wisdom on ! erection ( ! ,gospel m9i/ry1 & 7 unmix$ ) ! inv5tions ( m54 ,!y 7 f\nd$ on ! g5ius & _s ( ,*ri/ianity1 & n on ! g5ius or _s ( ! _w4 ,! ,quak]s !re=e1 look+ up to ^! z to ! sur] f\ndation1 h adopt$ ! foll[+ t5ets on ?is subject4 ,!y believe1 fir/1 t x w\ld be inconsi/5t 9 !m z ,*ri/ians1 to make a pecuni>y paym5t to _! own m9i/]s = _! ,gospel lab\rs4 ,& !y regulate _! practice accord+ly ^u ?is pr9ciple4 ,no "o is ev] paid by ! ,quak]s = ! p]=mance ( any (fice 9 ! *ur*4 ,if a m9i/] lives at home1 & att5ds ! meet+ to :i* he belongs1 he supports himself1 z ,/4 ,paul did1 by 8 own trade4 ,if he goes on ! m9i/ry to o!r meet+s1 he is receiv$ by ! ,quak]s z he travels along1 & he f9ds meat & dr9k at ! h\ses ( ^!4 ,8 travell+ exp5ses also are g5]ally defray$ 9 ?is p>ticul> case4 ,b he receives no rew>d1 or fix$ or p]man5t /ip5d1 = 8 s]vices on ^! or on any o!r su* occasions4 ,& z ! ,quak]s _c pay _! own m9i/]s1 s x is a t5et ) !m1 t !y _c pay ^? ( o!r d5om9ations = _! ,gospel lab\rs ^u ! same pr9ciple2 t is1 !y believe1 t all m9i/]s ( e description ought to foll[ ! example1 :i* ,/4 ,paul gave & enjo9$ !m1 ( ma9ta9+ !mselves by _! own h&s2 !y ought to look up to ,god & n to m5 = _! rew>d2 !y ought to avoid ! "* ( false tea*]s1 & ! imputation ( abus+ _! p[] 9 ! ,gospel4 ,& to ^! !y add a p>ticul> reason1 drawn f ! texts quot$1 :i* is n applicable 9 ! =m] case1 namely1 t m9i/]s are n au?oris$ to take meat & dr9k f ^? :o are n will+ to receive !m4 ,,sect4 ,,ii4 ,o!r reasons :y ,quak]s _c pay m9i/]s ( ! ,gospel ( a diff]5t d5om9ation f !mselves--,^! arise out ( ! nature ( ! paym5ts made to !m1 or out ( ! nature ( ti!s--,hi/ory ( ti!s f ! f\r? c5tury to ! reign ( ,h5ry ! eigh?1 :5 !y 7 def9itively consolidat$ into ! laws ( ! l&4 ,b ! ,quak]s h o!r reasons1 besides ! g5]al reasons1 & ! p>ticul> "o :i* has be5 giv51 :y z ,*ri/ians !y _c pay m9i/]s ( a diff]5t d5om9ation f !mselves = _! ,gospel lab\rs1 or :y !y _c pay m9i/]s ( ! e/abli%$ *ur*4 ,^! arise out ( ! nature ( ! paym5ts :i* are made to !m1 or out ( ! nature ( ti!s4 ,b to see ^! 9 _! prop] light1 "s notion %\ld be giv5 ( ! orig9 ( ?is mode ( _! ma9t5ance4 ,i %all !re=e give a v concise hi/ory ( ti!s f ! f\r? c5tury1 to :i* p]iod ,i h already br\ght ! read]1 to ! reign ( ,h5ry ! eigh?1 :5 !y took a /ation 9 ! laws ( ! l&1 f :i* !y h nev] yet be5 displac$4 ,x has already appe>$ t1 betwe5 ! middle & ! close ( ! f\r? c5tury1 su* m9i/]s ( ! ,gospel z 7 able1 support$ !mselves1 b t ^? :o 7 n able1 7 support$ out ( ! fund = ! poor4 ,! latt]1 h[ev]1 _h no fix$ or det]m9$ proportion ( ?is fund allott$ !m1 b _h only a b>e livelihood f x1 consi/+ ( victuals s]v$ out to !m 9 baskets1 z be=e expla9$4 ,?is fund too consi/$ ( volunt>y (f]+s1 or ( rev5ues f l& volunt>ily bequea!d4 ,& ! pr9ciple1 on :i* ^! gifts or volunt>y (f]+s 7 made1 0 ! duty ( *>ity to ! poor4 ,"o mat]ial innovation1 h[ev]1 _h be5 introduc$1 z ,i rem>k$ be=e1 s9ce its in/itution1 namely1 t ! bi%ops1 & n ! deacons1 _h n[ ! managem5t ( ?is fund4 ,at ! latt] end ( ! f\r? c5tury1 & f ?is p]iod to ! eigh?1 o!r *anges took place 9 ! sy/em ( :i* ,i h be5 speak+4 ,m9i/]s ( ! ,gospel began to be support$1 all ( !m )\t di/9ction1 f ! funds ( ! poor4 ,?is circum/ance occasion$ a great] numb] ( p]sons to be provid$ = ?an be=e4 ,! p !re=e 7 solicit$ = great] contributions ?an _h be5 ord9>ily giv54 ,j]om & ,omryso/om1 out ( good & pi\s motives1 exhort$ !m 9 turn to give b\ntifully to ! poor1 & d\ble hon\r to ^? :o lab\r$ 9 ! "l's "w4 ,& ?\gh !y left ! p at lib]ty to be/[ :at !y pleas$1 !y gave x z _! op9ion1 t !y ought n to be less lib]al ?an ! anci5t ,jews1 :o1 "u ! ,levitical law1 gave a t5? ( _! prop]ty to ! prie/hood & to ! poor4 ,ambrose1 9 l mann]1 recomm5d$ t5?s1 z n[ necess>y1 & z only a suitable donation = ^! purposes4 ,! same l9e ( conduct cont9u$ to be pursu$ by ^? :o succe$$ 9 ! gov]nm5t ( ! *ur*1 by ,augu/91 bi%op ( ,hippo1 by ,pope ,leo1 by ,gregory1 by ,sev]9 among ! ,*ri/ians1 9 ,pannonia1 & by o!rs4 ,_! exhortations1 h[ev]1 on ?is subject1 7 n[ mix$ ) promises &1 ?reats4 ,p>don ( s9s & future rew>ds 7 held out on ! "o h&1 & x 0 sugge/$ on ! o!r1 t ! p1 !mselves w\ld be r$uc$ to a t5?1 & ! blood ( all ! poor :o di$1 w\ld be ^u _! heads1 if !y gave less ?an a t5? ( _! incomes to holy uses4 ,by exhortations ( ?is sort1 reit]at$ = ?ree c5turies1 x began at l5g? to be expect$ ( ! p1 t !y w\ld n give less ?an t5?s ( :at !y possess$4 ,no "r h[ev] 0 alleg$ to su* a proportion ( _! income1 nor 0 co]cion ev] spok5 (4 ,^! t5?s also 7 = holy uses1 :i* *iefly includ$ ! b5efit ( ! poor4 ,!y 7 call$ ! ,"l's goods 9 consequ5ce1 & 7 also d5om9at$ ! patrimony ( ! poor4 ,ano!r *ange took place )9 ! p]iod assign$1 :i* ,i mu/ n[ m5tion z ( great conc]n4 ,m9i/]s ( ! ,gospel n[ liv+ :olly out ( ! t5?s1 :i* ) legacies con/itut$ ! fund ( ! poor1 a det]m9$ portion ( ?is fund1 contr>y to all =m] usage1 0 set ap>t = _! use4 ,( ?is fund1 "o f\r? 0 g5]ally giv5 to ! poor1 "o f\r? to ! repairs ( *ur*es1 "o f\r? to (ficiat+ m9i/]s1 & "o f\r? to !#cj bi%ops ) :om !y liv$4 ,h5ce ! ma9t5ance ( m9i/]s1 z consi/+ ( ^! two ord]s1 & ! repairs ( *ur*es1 took n[ ! greate/ "p ( x1 s t ! face ( ?+s began to be mat]ially alt]$4 ,= :]eas =m]ly ?is fund w5t *iefly to ! poor1 out ( :i* m9i/]s ( ! ,gospel 7 provid$1 x n[ w5t *iefly to ! *ur*1 out ( :i* !re came a provision = ! poor4 ,ano!r *ange also mu/ be notic$ ) respect to ! pr9ciple on :i* ! gifts t[>ds ?is fund 7 (f]$4 ,= :]eas t5?s 7 =m]ly solicit$ on ! ,*ri/ian duty ( *>ity to ! poor1 !y 7 n[ solicit$ on ! pr9ciple1 t by ! law ( ,moses !y ought to be giv5 = holy uses1 9 :i* ! b5efit ( ! fa!rless1 ! /rang]1 & ! wid[1 7 includ$4 ,f ?is "t ,i %all use ! ^w ti!s = t5?s1 & ! ^w cl]gy in/ead ( m9i/]s ( ! ,gospel4 ,footnote #cj3 ,9 process ( "t1 z ! bi%ops became o!rwise provid$ =1 ! fund 0 divid$ into ?ree p>ts = ! o!r ?ree purposes j m5tion$4 ,9 ! eigh? c5tury1 matt]s 7 z ,i h n[ repres5t$ !m4 ,! p _h be5 br\ght into a notion1 t !y 7 to give no less ?an a t5? ( _! income to holy uses4 ,bi%ops g5]ally at ?is "t1 & inde$ long previ\sly to ?is1 liv$ 9 mona/]ies4 ,_! cl]gy liv$ also ) !m 9 ^! mona/]ies1 & w5t f !nce to prea* 9 ! c\ntry )9 ! diocese4 ,x mu/ be also notic$1 t !re 71 at ?is "t1 o!r mona/]ies "u abbots or priors1 consi/+ mo/ly ( lay p]sons1 & di/9ct f ^? m5tion$1 & support$ by (f]+s & legacies 9 ! same mann]4 ,! latt]1 h[ev]1 n hav+ num]\s ecclesia/ics to support1 laid out m ( _! funds ?an ! =m] 7 enabl$ to d1 t[>ds ! ent]ta9m5t ( /rang]s1 & t[>ds ! ma9t5ance ( ! poor4 ,n[ x mu/ be obs]v$1 t1 :5 ^! two k9ds ( mona/]ies exi/$1 ! p 7 at lib]ty to pay _! ti!s to ei!r ( !m z !y pleas$1 & t1 hav+ ?is p]mission1 !y g5]ally fav\r$ ! latt]4 ,to ^! !y n only paid _! ti!s1 b gave _! donations by legacy4 ,?is pref]5ce ( ! lay abbies to ! ecclesia/ical arose f a k t ! poor1 = ^: b5efit ti!s _h be5 orig9ally prea*$ up1 w\ld be m mat]ially s]v$4 ,o!r circum/ances too occurr$1 :i* induc$ ! p to cont9ue ! same pref]5ce4 ,= ! bi%ops 9 _m places began to abuse _! tru/1 z ! deacons _h done be=e1 by atta*+ ! bequea!d l&s to _! sees1 s t ! inf]ior cl]gy1 & ! poor became 9 a mann] dep5d5t ^u !m = _! daily bread4 ,9 o!r places ! cl]gy _h seiz$ all to _! own use4 ,! p !re=e s ?or\ghly fav\r$ ! lay abbies 9 pref]5ce to ^? ( ! *ur*1 t ! =m] became daily ri*]1 :ile !1 latt] did little m ?an ma9ta9 _! gr\nd4 ,?is pref]5ce1 h[ev]1 :i* made su* a diff]5ce 9 ! funds ( ! ecclesia/ical1 & ( ! lay mona/]ies1 0 view$ ) a jeal\s eye by ! cl]gy ( ^? times1 & measures 7 at l5g? tak5 to remove x4 ,9 a c\ncil "u ,pope ,alex&] ! ?ird1 9 ! ye> #aahj1 x 0 det]m9$1 t ! lib]ty ( ! p %\ld be re/ra9$ ) respect to _! ti!s4 ,!y 7 accord+ly =bidd5 to make appropriations to religi\s h\ses )\t ! cons5t ( ! bi%op1 9 ^: diocese !y liv$4 ,b ev5 ?is prohibition did n succe$4 ,! p /ill fav\r$ ! lay abbies1 pay+ _! ti!s !re1 till ,pope ,innoc5t ! ?ird1 9 ! ye> #abjj1 orda9$1 & he en=c$ x by ecclesia/ical c5sures1 t e "o %\ld pay 8 ti!s to ^? :o adm9i/]$ to him spiritual ?+s 9 8 own p>i%4 ,9 a g5]al c\ncil also held at ,lyons1 9 ! ye> #abgd1 x 0 decre$1 t x 0 no long] lawful = m5 to pay _! ti!s :]e !y pleas$1 z be=e1 b t !y %\ld pay !m to "m *ur*4 ,& ! pr9ciple1 on :i* !y _h n[ be5 long dem&$1 0 confirm$ by ! c\ncil ( ,tr5t "u ,pope ,pius ! f\r?1 9 ! ye> #aefj1 :i* 01 t !y 7 due by div9e "r4 ,9 ! c\rse ( =ty ye>s aft] ! paym5t ( ti!s _h be5 =c$ by ecclesia/ical c5sures & excommunications1 prescription 0 set up4 ,?us ! v pr9ciple1 9 :i* ti!s _h orig9at$1 0 *ang$4 ,?us free w-(f]+s became dues1 to be exact$ by compulsion4 ,& ?us ! fund ( ! poor 0 conv]t$ almo/ :olly into a fund = ! ma9t5ance ( ! *ur*4 ,hav+ n[ trac$ ! orig9 ( ti!s1 z f> z a "p ( ! cont95t ( ,europe is conc]n$1 ,i %all trace x z f> z !y h ref]5ce to our own c\ntry4 ,& "h ,i may in/antly obs]ve1 & 9 a few words1 t ! same sy/em & ! same *anges are conspicu\s4 ,free w-(f]+s & donations ( l& con/itut$ a fund = ! poor1 out ( :i* ! cl]gy 7 ma9ta9$4 ,9 process ( "t1 t5?s or ti!s foll[$4 ,( ^!1 c]ta9 proportions 7 allott$ to ! cl]gy1 ! repairs ( ! *ur*es1 & ! poor4 ,?is 0 ! /ate ( ?+s 9 ! "t ( ,(fa1 k+ ( ,m]cia1 t[>ds ! close ( ! eigh? c5tury1 :5 t pr9ce1 hav+ caus$ ,e!lb]t1 k+ ( ! ,ea/ ,angles1 to be trea*]\sly murd]$1 fl$ to ! ,pope = p>don1 to please :om1 & to expiate 8 own s91 he caus$ ^? ti!s to become dues 9 8 own dom9ions1 :i* 7 only at ! w ( ! donors be=e4 ,ab\t sixty ye>s aft]w>ds1 ,e!lwolf1 a weak & sup]/iti\s pr9ce1 0 work$ ^u by ! cl]gy to ext5d ti!s z dues to ! :ole k+dom2 & he cons5t$ to x "u ! notion1 t he 0 ?us to av]t ! judgm5ts ( ,god1 :i* !y repres5t$ z visible 9 ! frequ5t ravages ( ! ,danes4 ,poor laym51 h[ev]1 7 /ill to be support$ out ( ^! ti!s1 & ! p 7 /ill at lib]ty to pay !m to :i*ev] religi\s p]sons !y pleas$4 ,ab\t ! close ( ! t5? c5tury1 ,edg> took f ! p ! "r ( dispos+ ( _! ti!s at _! own discretion1 & direct$ t !y %\ld be paid to ! p>i% *ur*es4 ,b ! o!r mona/]ies or lay-h\ses resi/+1 8 ord]s became useless = a "t4 ,at ?is p]iod ! lay mona/]ies 7 ri*1 b ! p>o*ial cl]gy poor4 ,pope ,innoc5t1 h[ev]1 by s5d+ out 8 fam\s decree be=e m5tion$ to k+ ,john1 :i* 0 to be obs]v$ 9 ,engl& z well z 9 o!r places "u 8 jurisdiction1 & by :i* x 0 enact$1 t e man 0 to pay 8 ti!s to ^? only1 :o adm9i/]$ spiritual help to him 9 8 own p>i%1 settl$ ! affair2 = he set up ecclesia/ical c\rts1 ?und]$ out 8 int]dicts1 & fright5$ bo? k+ & p4#ca ,footnote #ca3 ,to %ew ! pr9ciples1 ^u :i* pr9ces act$ ) respect to ti!s 9 ^! times1 ! foll[+ translation ( a preamble to a grant ( k+ ,/eph5 may be produc$3 ,because1 ?r\gh ! provid5ce ( ,div9e ,m]cy1 we "k x to be s ord]$1 & by ! *ur*es publi%+ x f> & ne>1 e body has he>d1 t1 by ! di/ribution ( alms1 p]sons may be absolv$ f ! bonds ( s91 & acquire ! rew>ds ( heav5ly joys1 ,i1 ,/eph51 by ! grace ( ,god1 k+ ( ,engl&1 be+ will+ to h a %>e ) ^?1 :o by a happy k9d ( comm]ce ex*ange heav5ly ?+s = e>?ly1 & smitt5 ) ! love ( ,god1 & = ! salvation ( my own s\l1 & ! s\ls ( my fa!r & "m1 & all my =efa!rs & ance/ors1 c4 ,ri*>d ! second confirm$ ^! ti!s to ! p>i%es1 z ?us settl$ by ?is pope1 b x 0 direct$ by an act1 t1 9 all appropriations ( *ur*es1 ! bi%op ( ! diocese %\ld orda9 a conv5i5t sum ( money to be di/ribut$ out ( ! fruits & pr(its ( e liv+ among ! poor p>i%ion]s annually1 9 aid ( _! liv+ & su/5ance4 ,?us x seems1 says ,judge ,black/one1 ! p 7 frequ5tly suff]]s by ! )hold+ ( ^? alms1 = :i*1 among o!r purposes1 ! paym5t ( ti!s 0 orig9ally impos$4 ,at l5g? ti!s 7 f9ally confirm$1 &1 9 a m explicit mann]1 by ! fam\s act ( ,h5ry ! eigh? on ?is subject4 ,& "h ,i mu/ j obs]ve1 t1 :]eas f ! eigh? c5tury to ?is reign1 ti!s 7 said to be due1 :5ev] ! reason ( !m 0 express$1 by div9e "r z "u ! ,levitical law1 s1 9 ! preamble to ! act ( ,h5ry ! eigh?1 !y are f\nd$ on ! same pr9ciple1 be+ describ$ !re91 z due to ,god & ! *ur*4 ,?us1 bo? on ! cont95t ( ,europe1 z well z 9 our own c\ntry1 7 ^! *anges br\ght ab\t1 :i* h be5 describ$4 ,& !y 7 br\ght ab\t also by ! same means1 = !y 7 made p>tly by ! exhortations & s]mons ( monks1 p>tly by ! decrees ( popes1 p>tly by ! edicts ( popi% k+s1 & p>tly by ! det]m9ations ( popi% c\ncils4 ,x is n necess>y1 t ,i %\ld trace ?is subject f>!r1 or t ,i %\ld make di/9ctions relative to ti!s1 :e!r !y may be rectorial1 or vic>ial1 or :e!r !y may belong to lay p]sons1 ,i h already develop$ en\gh ( _! hi/ory = my purpose4 ,i %all !re=e ha/5 to /ate ^? o!r reasons1 :i* ! ,quak]s h to give1 :y !y _c pay o!r m9i/]s ( ! ,gospel = _! spiritual lab\rs1 or r1 :y !y _c cons5t to ! paym5t ( ti!s1 z ! p>ticul> species ( paym5t dem&$ by ! *ur*4 ,,sect4 ,,iii ,! o!r reasons !n1 z d$ucible f ! hi/ory ( ti!s1 are ! foll[+--,fir/1 t !y are n 9 equity dues ( ! *ur*--,secondly1 t ! paym5t ( !m be+ compulsory1 x w\ld1 if acc$$ to1 be an ackn[l$gm5t t ! civil magi/rate has a "r to use =ce 9 matt]s ( religion--,& ?irdly1 t be+ claim$ ^u an act :i* holds !m =? z ( div9e "r1 any paym5t ( !m w\ld be an ackn[l$gm5t ( ! ,jewi% religion1 & t ,*ri/ _h n yet actually come4 ,! o!r reasons !n1 :i* ! ,quak]s h to give = refus+ to support o!r m9i/]s ( ! ,gospel1 may be n[ d$uc$ f ! nature ( ti!s1 z expla9$ 9 ! =m] section4 ,! e>ly ,quak]s reject$ ! paym5t ( ti!s = ?ree reasons2 &1 fir/1 because !y 7 dem&$ ( !m z dues ( ! *ur*4 ,aga9/ ?is doctr9e1 !y set _! faces z a religi\s body4 ,!y cont5d$ t1 if !y 7 due at all1 !y 7 due to ! poor1 f :om !y _h be5 =cibly tak51 & to :om 9 equity !y /ill belong$2 t no pr9ce c\ld alt] ! nature ( "r & wrong t ti!s 7 n ju/ly due to ! *ur*1 because ,(fa wi%$ !m to be s1 to expiate 8 own crimes2 or because ,e!lwolf wi%$ !m to be s1 f a sup]/iti\s notion1 t he might ?us prev5t ! incursions ( ! ,danes2 or because ,/eph5 wi%$ !m to be s1 z 8 own grant expresses1 on ! pr9ciple1 t ! bonds ( s9 might be dissolv$1 & t he might h a "p ) ^?1 :o by a happy k9d ( comm]ce ex*ang$ heav5ly ?+s = e>?ly2 or because ! popes ( ,rome wi%$ !m to be s1 f ^: jurisdiction all ! subjects ( ,engl& 7 dis*>g$ by law4 ,!y resi/$ ! paym5t ( !m1 because1 secondly1 ti!s _h become ( a compulsory nature1 or because !y 7 compell$ to pay !m4 ,!y cont5d$ on ?is head1 t ti!s _h be5 orig9ally free w-(f]+s1 b t by viol5ce !y _h be5 *ang$ into dues1 to be collect$ by =ce2 t no?+ c\ld be m cle>1 ?an t m9i/]s ( ! ,gospel1 if ! in/ructions ( ,jesus to 8 disciples 7 to be reg>d$1 7 n au?oriz$ ev5 to dem&1 mu* less to =ce1 a ma9t5ance f o!rs2 & t any con/ra9$ paym5t ( ^!1 :ile x 0 contr>y to 8 int5tion1 w\ld be an infr+em5t ( _! great t5et1 by :i* !y hold1 t1 ,*ri/'s k+dom be+ ( a spiritual nature1 ! civil magi/rate _h no "r to dictate a religion to any "o1 nor to en=ce paym5t f individuals = ! same1 & t any int]f]5ce 9 ^? matt]s1 :i* 7 solely betwe5 ,god & man1 0 nei!r m nor less ?an an usurpation ( ! pr]ogative ( ,god4 ,!y resi/$ ! paym5t ( !m1 because1 ?irdly1 !y 7 dem&$ on ! pr9ciple1 z appe>$ by ! preamble ( ! act ( ,h5ry ! eigh?1 t !y 7 due z "u ! ,levitical law by div9e "r4 ,aga9/ ?is !y urg$1 fir/1 t1 if !y 7 due z ! ,levitical ti!s 71 !y mu/ h be5 subject to ! same conditions4 ,!y cont5d$ t1 if ! ,levites _h a "r to ti!s1 !y _h previ\sly giv5 up to ! community _! own "r to a %>e ( ! l&1 b t ! cl]gy claim$ a t5? ( ! produce ( ! l&s ( o!rs1 b _h giv5 up none ( _! own4 ,!y cont5d$ also1 t ti!s by ! ,levitical law 7 = ! /rang]s1 ! fa!rless1 & ! wid[s1 z well z = ! ,levites1 b t ! cl]gy1 by tak+ ti!s1 _h tak5 t :i* _h be5 = ! ma9t5ance ( ! poor1 & _h appropriat$ x solely to _! own use1 leav+ !m ?us to become a second bur!n ^u ! l&4 ,b !y cont5d$1 t ! pr9ciple itself 0 false4 ,!y ma9ta9$1 t ! ,levitical prie/hood & ti!s ) x1 _h ceas$ on ! com+ ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 z appe>$ by 8 own example & t ( 8 ,apo/les2 t x became !m1 !re=e1 z ,*ri/ians1 to make a /& aga9/ ?is pr9ciple1 = t1 by acquiesc+ 9 ! notion t ! ,jewi% law ext5d$ to !m1 !y conceiv$ !y w\ld be ackn[l$g+ t ! prie/hood ( ,a>on /ill exi/$1 & t ,*ri/ _h n actually come4 ,?is latt] argum5t1 by :i* x 0 insi/$ ^u1 t ti!s ceas$ ) ! ,jewi% disp5sation1 & t ^? :o ackn[l$g$ !m1 ackn[l$g$ ! ,jewi% religion = ,*ri/ians1 0 n conf9$ to ! e>ly ,quak]s1 b admitt$ among _m o!r s]i\s ,*ri/ians ( ^? times4 ,! great ,john ,milton himself1 9 a treatise :i* he wrote aga9/ ti!s1 did n disda9 to use x4 ,al?\gh1 says he1 hire to ! lab\r] be ( moral & p]petual "r1 yet t special k9d ( hire1 ! t5?1 c be ( no "r or necessity b to t special lab\r = :i* ,god orda9$ x4 ,t special lab\r 0 ! ,levitical & c]emonial s]vice ( ! tab]nacle1 :i* is n[ aboli%$4 ,! "r1 !re=e1 ( t special hire1 mu/ ne$s be )al aboli%$1 z be+ also c]emonial4 ,t ti!s 7 c]emonial is pla91 n be+ giv5 to ! ,levites till !y _h be5 fir/ (f]$ an heave (f]+ to ! ,"l4 ,he !n1 :o by t law br+s ti!s into ! ,gospel1 ( necessity br+s 9 )al a sacrifice & an alt>1 )\t :i* ti!s by t law 7 unsanctifi$ & pollut$1 & !re=e nev] ?\ght ( 9 ! fir/ ,*ri/ian times1 nor till c]emonies1 alt>s1 & oblations _h be5 br\ght back4 ,& yet ! ,jews1 ev] s9ce _! temple 0 de/roy$1 ?\gh !y h rabbies & tea*]s ( _! law1 yet pay no ti!s1 z hav+ no ,levites to :om1 no temple :]e1 to pay !m1 nor alt> :]eon to hall[ !m2 :i* argues1 t ! ,jews !mselves nev] ?\ght ti!s moral1 b c]emonial only4 ,t ,*ri/ians !re=e %\ld take !m up1 :5 ,jews h laid !m d[n1 mu/ ne$s be v absurd & prepo/]\s4 ,hav+ n[ /at$ ! ?ree great reasons1 :i* ! e>ly ,quak]s gave1 9 addition to ^? m5tion$ 9 a =m] section1 :y !y c\ld n contribute t[>ds ! ma9t5ance ( an ali5 m9i/ry1 or :y !y c\ld n submit to ! paym5t ( ti!s1 z ! peculi> paym5t dem&$ by ! e/abli%$ *ur*1 ,i %all only obs]ve1 t ^! are /ill insi/$ ^u by _! desc5dants1 b m p>ticul>ly ! latt]1 because all ! m1 mod]n acts ^u ?is subject take ! act ( ,h5ry ! eigh? z ! great gr\nd-"w or legal f\ndation ( ti!s1 9 ! preamble ( :i* x is ins]t$1 t !y are due to ,god & ! *ur*4 ,n[ ?is preamble1 ! ,quak]s ass]t1 has nev] be5 done away1 nor has any o!r pr9ciple be5 ackn[l$g$ in/ead ( t 9 ?is preamble1 :y ti!s h be5 e/abli%$ by law4 ,! ,quak]s !re=e conceive1 t ti!s are /ill collect$ on ! f\ndation ( div9e "r1 & !re=e t x is impossible = !m z ,*ri/ians to pay !m1 = t by e su* paym5t1 !y w\ld n only be ackn[l$g+ ! ,jewi% religion = !mselves1 b w\ld be agree+ 9 s5tim5t ) ! mod]n ,jews1 t ,jesus ,*ri/ has n yet made 8 appe>ance ^u e>?4 ,,"* ,,( ,,! ,,quak]s ,,*ap4 ,i4 ,"* ( ! ,quak]s--,"* ( great importance 9 life--yet (t5 improp]ly e/imat$--,?is ! case ) t ( ! ,quak]s--,attempt to appreciate x duly--,_m outw>d circum/ances 9 ! con/itution ( ! ,quak]s1 :i* may be ref]r$ to z c]ta9 helps 9 ! promotion ( ?is attempt4 ,no?+ is ( m importance to an individual1 ?an a good "*1 dur+ life4 ,po/hum\s reputation1 h[ev] desirable x may be ?\ght1 is ( no s]vice to ! p]son :om x foll[s4 ,b a liv+ "*1 if x be excell5t1 is ine/imable1 on acc\nt ( ! good :i* x produces to him :o possesses x4 ,x procures him att5tion1 civility1 love1 & respect f o!rs4 ,h5ce virtue may be said to h its rew>d 9 ! pres5t life4 ,?is acc\nt w be also true ( bodies1 & p>ticul>ly ( religi\s bodies1 ( m54 ,x w make a diff]5ce to ! individuals ( ^!1 :e!r !y be respect$1 z a body1 by ! individuals ( o!r religi\s d5om9ations1 or by ! gov]nm5t "u :i* !y live4 ,b ?\gh "* be ( s mu* importance 9 life1 !re are few :o e/imate x1 ei!r :5 !y view x individually or collectively1 z if really is4 ,x is (t51 on ! "o h&1 height5$ by p>tiality1 &1 on ! o!r1 l[]$ by prejudice4 ,o!r causes also comb9e to af=d wrong appreh5sions conc]n+ x4 ,= z diff]5t diseases ?r[ out (t5 ! same symptoms1 & ! judgm5t ( ! physician is baffl$1 s diff]5t motives produce frequ5tly simil> actions1 & ! man :o tries to develop a "*1 ev5 if he wi%es to speak tru?1 f9ds himself at a loss to pron\nce ju/ly ^u x4 ,z ^! fail+s & difficulties h att5d$ m5 9 e/imat+ ! "* ( individuals1 s !y seem to h att5d$ ^? :o h attempt$ to del9eate t ( ! society ( ! ,quak]s4 ,inde$1 if we 7 to take a view ( ! diff]5t traits :i* h be5 assign$ to ! latt]1 we c\ld n b conclude1 t !re mu/ h be5 "s mi/ake conc]n+ !m4 ,we %\ld h occasion to obs]ve1 t "s ( ^! 7 s diff]5t 9 _! k9d1 t !y c\ld n reasonably be suppos$ to exi/ 9 ! same p]sons4 ,we %\ld f9d t o!rs c\ld sc>cely be admitt$ among a body ( pr(ess+ ,*ri/ians4 ,! ,quak] "*1 9 %ort1 z x has be5 exhibit$ to ! _w1 is a /range m$ley ( consi/5cy & contradiction1 & ( m]it & defect4 ,amid/ acc\nts1 :i* h be5 s incongru\s1 ,i %all attempt ! task ( draw+ ! "* ( ! ,quak]s4 ,i %all /ate1 fir/1 all ! excell5cies1 t h be5 said to belong to x4 ,i %all /ate also1 all ! blemi%es ) :i* x has be5 describ$ to be *>geable4 ,i %all !n enquire h[ f> x is probable t any ( ^!1 & 9 :at degree !y are true4 ,9 ?is enquiry1 "s little reliance mu/ be plac$ ^u my p]sonal k ( ! ,quak]s1 & ^u my desire n to deceive4 ,x is =tunate1 h[ev]1 t ,i %all be able1 9 ?is case1 to apply to a te/1 :i* w be m satisfactory to ! _w1 ?an any op9ion ( my own ^u ?is subject4 ,i mean to say t ! ,quak]s1 l o!rs1 are ! creatures ( _! own education & habits1 or t !re are circum/ances 9 _! con/itution1 ! k ( :i* w assi/ u 9 ! discussion ( ?is "q2 circum/ances1 :i* w speak = !mselves & to :i* we way always ref] 9 ! case ( difficulty or d\bt4 ,_! moral education1 = example1 :i* has be5 already expla9$1 _c b h an influ5ce on ! m9ds ( ^? :o receive x4 ,_! discipl9e also1 :i* has appe>$ to be ( s extraord9>y a nature1 & to be conduct$ 9 s extraord9>y a mann]1 _c b h an effect ( its own k9d4 ,! peculi> cu/oms1 9 :i* !y h be5 describ$ to h be5 born & educat$1 & :i* mu/ ( c\rse act ^u !m z a second nature1 mu/ h a correspond5t influ5ce aga94 ,f ^!1 & o!r prom95t & di/+ui%+ features 9 _! con/itution1 ,i may hope to confirm "s ( ! tru?s :i* h be5 told1 & to correct "s ( ! errors t h be5 /at$1 on ! subject :i* is n[ be=e u4 ,nor am ,i )\t ! hope1 t ! discussion ( ?is subject ^u su* pr9ciples1 w be acceptable to _m4 ,to ^?1 :o love tru?1 ?is attempt to inve/igate x w be int]e/+4 ,to ! ,quak]s x w be highly useful4 ,= !y w see1 9 ! glass or mirror :i* ,i %all set be=e !m1 ! appe>ance :i* !y make 9 ! _w4 ,& if !y %all le>n1 9 consequ5ce1 any ( ! causes ei!r ( _! m]its or ( _! fail+s1 !y w h le>nt a lesson1 :i* !y may make useful by ! f>!r improvem5t ( _! moral "*4 ,,*ap4 ,,ii4 ,good "p ( ! "* ( ! ,quak]s--,?is g5]al or p>ticul>--,great g5]al trait is1 t !y are a moral p--,?is op9ion ( ! _w acc\nt$ = & confirm$ by a /atem5t ( "s ( ! causes t op]ate 9 ! production ( "*--,"o ( ^! causes is1 ! discipl9e peculi> to ?is society4 ,i come1 accord+ to my design1 to ! good "p ( ! "* ( ! ,quak]s4 ,?is may be divid$ into two sorts1 into t :i* is g5]al1 & into t :i* is p>ticul>4 ,on ! subject ( _! g5]al good "* ,i %all fir/ speak4 ,x is admitt$ by ! _w1 z ,i _h occasion to obs]ve 9 ! fir/ *apt] ( ! fir/ volume1 t :atev] o!r objections might be br\ght aga9/ ! ,quak]s z a body1 !y des]v$ ! "* ( a moral p4 ,?\gh ?is fact be admitt$1 & !re w\ld !re=e appe> to be no necessity = confirm+ x1 ,i %all endeav\r1 accord+ to ! plan propos$1 to %ew1 by means ( ! peculi> sy/em ( ! ,quak]s z a religi\s body1 t ?is is "o ( ! traits giv5 !m by ! _w1 :i* _c be o!rwise ?an true4 ,! ,quak]s believe1 9 ! fir/ place1 t ! ,_s ( ,god1 act+ 9 man1 is "o ( ! wises ( virtu\s "*4 ,!y believe x to be1 ( all o!rs1 ! pure/ & sublime/ s\rce4 ,x is t spr+1 !y conceive1 to good action1 & ( c\rse to exalt$ "*1 9 :i* man c h none b a passive conc]n4 ,x is nei!r h]$it>y nor factiti\s4 ,x c nei!r be p]petuat$ 9 g5]ation by ! fa!r to ! *ild1 nor be giv5 by human art4 ,x is consid]$ by ! ,quak]s z ! great & di/+ui%+ m>k ( _! call+4 ,nei!r dress1 nor language1 nor peculi> cu/oms1 con/itute ! ,quak]1 b ! spiritual k :i* he possesses4 ,h5ce all pi\s m5 may be said to h be5 ,quak]s4 ,h5ce ! patri>*s 7 ,quak]s1 t is1 because !y pr(ess$ to be l$ by ! ,_s ( ,god4 ,h5ce ! ,apo/les & primitive ,*ri/ians 7 ,quak]s4 ,h5ce ! virtu\s among ! ,hea!ns1 :o knew no?+ ( ,*ri/ianity1 7 ,quak]s also4 ,h5ce ,socrates may be rank$ 9 pr(ession ) ! memb]s ( ?is society4 ,he believ$ 9 ! ag5cy ( ! ,div9e ,_s4 ,x 0 said ( him1 t he _h ! guide ( 8 life )9 him2 t ?is _s furni%$ him ) div9e k2 & t x (t5 impell$ him to address & exhort ! p4 ,ju/9 ! ,m>tyr _h no scruple 9 call+ bo? ,socrates & ,h]aclitus ,*ri/ians1 ?\gh !y liv$ long be=e ,*ri/2 = all su* z ^!1 says he1 :o liv$ accord+ to ! div9e ^w )9 !m1 & :i* ^w 0 9 all m51 7 ,*ri/ians4 ,h5ce also1 s9ce ! introduction ( ,*ri/ianity1 _m ( our own c\ntrym5 h be5 ,quak]s1 ?\gh undi/+ui%$ by ! ext]ior m>ks ( dress or language4 ,among ^! we may reckon ! great & v5]able ,milton4 ,8 works are full ( ! s5tim5ts (#cb ,quak]ism4 ,& h5ce1 9 o!r c\ntries & 9 o!r ages1 !re h be5 m51 :o might be call$ ,quak]s1 ?\gh ! ^w ,quak]ism 0 unkn[n4 ,footnote #cb3 ,milton n only consid]$ ! ,_s ( ,god z a div9e tea*]1 b t ! scriptures 7 n to be spiritually und]/ood b by ! means ( ?is _s4 ,he believ$ also1 t human le>n+ 0 n necess>y = ! qualification ( a m9i/] ( ! ,gospel4 ,& he wrote an essay aga9/ ti!s4 ,b indep5d5tly ( ! ag5cy ( ! ,_s ( ,god1 :i* ! ,quak]s ?us consid] to be ! pure/ cause ( a good life & "*1 we may reckon a subord9ate cause1 :i* may be artificial1 & )9 ! contrivance & wisdom ( man4 ,:5 ! e>ly ,quak]s met toge!r z a religi\s body1 ?\gh !y consi/$ ( spiritually m9d$ m51 !y resolv$ on a sy/em ( discipl9e1 :i* %\ld be foll[$ by ^? :o became memb]s ( ! society4 ,?is discipl9e we h already se54 ,we h se5 h[ x attempts to secure ob$i5ce to ,*ri/ian precepts4 ,h[ x m>ks its (f5ces4 ,h[ x takes cognizance ( !m :5 committ$4 ,h[ x tries to reclaim & save4 ,h[1 9 %ort1 by endeav\r+ to keep up ! memb]s ( ! society to a good life1 x becomes in/rum5tal 9 ! production or pres]vation ( a good "*4 ,f h5ce x w appe>1 t ! virtue ( ! ,quak]s1 & ( c\rse t _! "* may be di/+ui%$ into two k9ds1 z aris+ f two s\rces4 ,x may arise f spiritual k on ! "o h&1 or f _! discipl9e on ! o!r4 ,t :i* arises f ! fir/1 w be a p]fect virtue4 ,x w produce activity 9 excell5ce4 ,t :i* arises f ! second1 w be inf]ior & sluggi%4 ,b1 h[ev] x may be subject to ?is l[] e/imation1 x w always be able to produce = ^? :o h x1 a c]ta9 degree ( moral reputation 9 ! op9ion ( ! _w4 ,^! di/9ctions hav+ be5 made z to ! s\rces ( virtu\s "*1 !re w be no difficulty 9 %ew+1 t ! _w has n be5 deceiv$ 9 ! po9t 9 "q4 ,= if x be admitt$ t ! ,div9e ,_s1 by means ( its ag5cy on ! he>t ( man1 is really a cause ( virtu\s "*1 x w !n be b reasonable to suppose1 t ! ,quak]s1 :o lay !mselves op5 = its reception m ?an o!rs1 bo? by frequ5t private retirem5ts1 & by _! peculi> mode ( public wor%ip1 %\ld be> at lea/ z fair a reputation z o!rs1 on acc\nt ( ! purity ( _! lives4 ,b ! discipl9e1 :i* is unque/ionably a gu>dian ( morals1 is peculi> to !mselves4 ,virtue !re=e is kept up among ! ,quak]s by an extraord9>y cause1 or by a cause :i* does n act among _m o!r bodies ( m54 ,x ought !re=e to be expect$1 :ile ?is extraord9>y cause exi/s1 t an extraord9>y result %\ld foll[1 or t m w be kept app>5tly virtu\s among ! ,quak]s1 9 proportion to _! numb]s1 ?an among ^? :]e no su* discipl9e c be f\nd1 or1 9 o!r words1 t1 :5ev] ! ,quak]s are comp>$ ) ^? ( ! _w at l>ge1 !y w obta9 ! reputation ( a moral p4 ,,*ap4 ,,iii4 ,,sect4 ,i4 ,p>ticul> traits 9 ! ,quak] "*--,! fir/ ( ^! is b5evol5ce--,?is includes good w to man 9 8 temporal capacity--,reasons :y ! _w has be/[$ ?is trait ^u ! ,quak]s--,probability ( its exi/5ce--f _! ignorance ( _m degrad+ div]sions ( ! _w--f _! great t5et on w>--f _! discipl9e :i* inculcates equality--& wat*fulness ov] morals--& f _! doctr9e t man is ! temple ( ! ,holy ,_s4 #cc,( ! good traits 9 ! ,quak] "*1 :i* may be call$ p>ticul>1 ,i %all fir/ notice t ( b5evol5ce4 ,?is b5evol5ce w include1 fir/1 good w to man 9 8 temporal capacity1 or a t5d] feel+ = him z a fell[ creature 9 ! v>i$ situations ( 8 life4 ,footnote #cc3 ,! read] mu/ be aw>e1 t all ,quak]s d n p>take ( ?is good "p ( ! "*4 ,t ! g5]ality d1 ,i believe4 ,t all ought to d1 ,i "k1 because _! pr9ciples1 z w be cle>ly se51 lead to su* a "*4 ,^?1 !re=e1 :o d n1 w see _! own defici5cy1 or h[ mu* !y h yet to atta91 be=e !y c become ,quak]s4 ,! epi!t ( b5evol5t has be5 long giv5 to ?is society4 ,inde$ ,i "k ( no po9t1 :]e ! judgm5t ( ! _w has be5 call$ =?1 9 :i* x has be5 m unanim\s1 ?an 9 ! ackn[l$gm5t ( ?is p>ticul> trait1 z a "p ( ! ,quak] "*4 ,! reasons = ! application ( ?is epi!t to ! society1 may be v>i\s4 ,x has be5 long kn[n1 t z ! e>ly ,*ri/ians call$ ea* o!r bre?r51 & lov$ ea* o!r z su*1 s !re runs ?r\gh ! :ole society ( ! ,quak]s a sy/em ( simil> love1 _! affection = "o ano!r hav+ be5 long prov]bial4 ,x has be5 long kn[n aga91 t z ! e>ly ,*ri/ians ext5d$ _! b5evol5ce out ( ! pale ( _! own society to o!rs :o liv$ ar\nd !m1 s ! ,quak]s manife/ a simil> disposition t[>ds _! c\ntrym5 at l>ge4 ,9 matt]s ( private di/ress1 :]e p]sons ( a diff]5t religi\s d5om9ation h be5 ! objects1 & :]e su* objects h be5 wor?y1 _! purses h be5 g5]ally op51 & !y h g5]ally giv5 z l>gely 9 proportion to _! abilities z o!r p4 ,to public *>ities 9 _! respective places ( resid5ce1 !y h g5]ally adm9i/]$ _! prop] %>e4 ,b ( late ye>s1 z !y h mix$ m ) ! _w1 ?is "* ( ! society has become m conspicu\s or bett] kn[n4 ,9 ! cases ( de>? & di/ress1 :i* happ5$ a few ye>s ago1 x is a matt] ( publicity1 t !y 7 among ! =emo/ 9 ! metropolis1 & 9 same o!r t[ns 9 ! k+dom1 n only 9 pecuni>y contributions1 b 9 frequ5t & regul> att5dances = ! prop] di/ribution ( !m4 ,& if _! "* has ev] /ood high] = will+ness to contribute to ! wants ( o!rs at any "o "t ?an at ano!r1 x /&s ! highe/1 f :atev] cause x may happ51 at ! pres5t day4 ,x has be5 long kn[n aga91 t z ! e>ly ,*ri/ians ext5d$ _! love beyond _! own society1 & beyond ^? ( ! _w :o liv$ ar\nd !m1 to ^? :o 7 reput$ natural enemies 9 _! own times1 s ! ,quak]s d n conf9e _! b5evol5ce to _! own c\ntrym51 b ext5d x to ! v>i\s inhabitants ( ! globe1 )\t any discrim9ation1 :e!r !y are reput$ ho/ile to ! gov]nm5t "u :i* !y live4 ,9 times ( w> we nev] see !m be>+ arms1 & 9 times ( victory we nev] see !m exult+1 l o!r p4 ,we nev] see !m illum9at+ _! h\ses1 or runn+ up & d[n ! /reets1 frantic ) joy ^u su* occasions4 ,_! joy1 on ! o!r h&1 is w\nd$ by ! melan*oly consid]ation ( ! de/ruction ( ! human race1 :5 !y lam5t1 ) almo/ equal sympa?y1 ov] ! slaught] ( enemies & fri5ds4 ,b ?is "* ( a b5evol5t p has be5 rais$ high] ( late ye>s 9 ! e/imation ( ! public by new circum/ances or by ! unanim\s & decid$ "p1 :i* !y h tak5 z a body1 9 behalf ( ! abolition ( ! slave-trade4 ,= :]e has ! injur$ ,african exp]i5c$ m sympa?y ?an f ! he>ts ( ,quak]s8 ,9 ?is great cause ! ,quak]s h be5 s+ul>ly conspicu\s4 ,!y h be5 actuat$ z x 7 by "o spr+4 ,9 ! diff]5t attempts1 made = ! annihilation ( ?is trade1 !y h come =w>d ) a religi\s zeal4 ,!y 7 at ! orig9al =mation ( ! committee = ?is important object1 :]e !y gave an almo/ unexampl$ att5dance = ye>s4 ,i m5tion$ 9 ! prec$+ volume1 t ne> a c5tury ago1 :5 ?is "q _h n awak5$ ! g5]al att5tion1 x _h awak5$ t ( ! ,quak]s z a body2 & t !y _h made regulations 9 _! comm]cial conc]ns ) a view ( keep+ !mselves cle> ( ! blood ( ?is cruel traffic4 ,& f t "t to ! pres5t day !y h nev] =gott5 ?is subject4 ,_! ye>ly epi/les notice x1 :5ev] su* notice is consid]$ to be useful4 ,& !y hold !mselves 9 read9ess1 on all fit occasions1 to unite _! ef=ts = ! removal ( ?is great & %ock+ s\rce ( suff]+ to _! fell[-creatures4 ,b :e!r ^! be ! reasons1 or :e!r !y be n ! reasons1 :y ! ,quak]s h be5 d5om9at$ b5evol5t1 no?+ is m true ?an t ?is appellation has be5 be/[$ ^u !m1 & ?is by ! cons5t ( _! c\ntrym54 ,= we h only to exam9e our public pr9ts1 to prove ! tru? ( ! ass]tion4 ,we %all g5]ally f9d !re1 t :5 !re is occasion to m5tion ! society1 ! ^w b5evol5t accompanies x4 ,! read] w p]haps be anxi\s to "k h[ x happ5s1 t ! ,quak]s %\ld possess ?is g5]al feel+ ( b5evol5ce 9 a degree s mu* /rong] ?an ! g5]al body ( _! c\ntrym51 t x %\ld h become an ackn[l$g$ feature 9 _! "*4 ,he w naturally ask1 does _! education produce x8 ,does _! discipl9e produce x8 ,d _! religi\s t5ets produce x8 ,:at spr+s act ^u ! ,quak]s1 :i* d n equally act ^u o!r p8 ,! explanation ( ?is ph5om5on w be p]fectly consi/5t ) my design2 = ,i purpose1 z ,i /at$ be=e1 to try ! tru? or falsehood ( ! diff]5t traits assign$ to ! "* ( ! ,quak]s1 by ! te/ ( probabilities z aris+ f ! nature ( ! cu/oms or op9ions :i* !y adopt4 ,i %all endeav\r !re=e to %[1 t !re are circum/ances1 connect$ ) _! con/itution1 :i* h a t5d5cy to make !m look ^u man 9 a less degrad$ & ho/ile1 & 9 a m k9dr$ & elevat$ light1 ?an _m o!rs4 ,& :5 ,i %all h accompli%$ ?is1 ,i %all h giv5 t explanation ( ! ph5om5on1 or t confirmation ( ! trait1 :i*1 :e!r x may or may n satisfy o!rs1 has always satisfi$ myself4 ,! ,quak]s1 9 ! fir/ place1 h seldom se5 a man degrad$ b by 8 vices4 ,unaccu/om$ to _m ( ! div]sions ( ! _w1 !y h seldom1 if ev]1 se5 him 9 ! l[ condition ( a hir$ buffoon or mimic4 ,m51 :o cons5t to let o!rs degrade !mselves = _! sport1 become degrad$ 9 _! turn4 ,& ?is degradation increases ) ! frequ5cy ( ! spectacle4 ,p]sons 9 su* habits are apt to lose sight ( ! dignity ( mank9d1 & to consid] !m z made = adm9i/ration to _! pleasures1 or 9 an animal or a reptile light4 ,b ! ,quak]s1 :o "k no?+ ( su* spectacles1 _c1 at lea/ z f> z ^! are conc]n$1 lose ei!r _! own dignity ( m9d1 or behold o!rs lose x4 ,!y _c !re=e view m5 "u ! degrad+ light ( animals = sport1 or ( pur*asable play-?+s4 ,& z !y are n accu/om$ to consid] _! fell[-creatures z bel[ !mselves1 s nei!r are !y accu/om$ to look ) enmity t[>ds !m4 ,_! t5et on ! subject ( w>1 :i* has be5 s amply detail$1 prev5ts any disposition ( ?is k9d4 ,= !y int]pret ^? words ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 z ,i h be=e %ewn1 :i* relate to injuries1 z ext5d+ n to _! fell[-citiz5s alone1 b to e individual 9 ! _w1 & 8 precept ( lov+ enemies1 z ext5d+ n only to ^? individuals ( _! own c\ntry1 :o may h any private res5tm5t aga9/ !m1 b to ^? :o become reput$ enemies 9 ! c\rse ( w>s1 s t !y fix no b\nd>ies ( l& or ocean1 & no limits ( k9dr$1 to _! love1 b consid] ,jew & ,g5tile1 ,greek & ,b>b>ian1 bond & free1 z _! bre?r54 ,h5ce nei!r f9e nor imprisonm5t c induce !m to le>n ! use ( arms1 s z to become qualifi$ to fight aga9/ ^!1 or to %$ _! blood4 ,& ?is pr9ciple ( love is n laid z x 7 ^u ! %elf1 l a volume ( obsolete laws1 s t x may be =gott51 b is kept alive 9 _! memories by ! te/imony :i* !y are occasionally call$ to be> or by ! suff]+s !y und]go by di/ra9ts ^u _! prop]ty1 & sometimes by %ort imprisonm5ts1 = refus+ milit>y s]vice4 ,b :ile ^! circum/ances may h "s influ5ce 9 ! production ( ?is trait ( b5evol5ce to man 9 ! "* ( ! ,quak]s1 ! "o by prev5t+ ! hateful sight ( ! loss ( 8 dignity1 & ! o!r by de/roy+ ! se$s ( enmity t[>ds him1 !re are o!rs1 int]wov5 into _! con/itution1 :i* w h a simil>1 ?\gh a /rong] t5d5cy t[>ds x4 ,! great sy/em ( equality1 :i* _! discipl9e daily tea*es & en=ces1 w make !m look ) an equal eye t[>ds all ( ! human race4 ,:o c be less ?an a man 9 ! ,quak] society1 :5 ! ri* & poor h an equal voice 9 ! ex]cise ( its discipl9e1 & :5 !y fill equally ! important (fices t belong to x8 ,& :o is !re out ( ! society1 :om ! ,quak]s e/eem m ?an human8 ,!y b[ _! knees or1 _! bodies1 z ,i h be=e notic$1 to no man4 ,!y flatt] no man on acc\nt ( 8 ri*es or 8 /ation4 ,!y pay homage to no man on acc\nt ( 8 rank or title4 ,/ripp$ ( all trapp+s1 !y view ! creature man4 ,if !n !y view him 9 ?is ab/ract$ light1 !y c view him only z an equal4 ,bit 9 :at o!r society is x1 t a simil> e/imate is made ( him8 ,! _w are apt 9 g5]al to make too mu* ( ^? 9 an elevat$ /ation1 & ^? aga9 9 ?is /ation are apt to make less ( o!rs b5ea? !m ?an !y ought4 ,?us an "u or an ov] valuation ( individuals g5]ally takes place 9 society2 f :5ce x w unavoidably happ51 t if "s m5 are class$ a little bel[ gods1 o!rs w be class$ b a little above ! brutes ( ! field4 ,_! discipl9e1 aga91 has a t5d5cy to produce 9 !m an anxi\s conc]n = ! good ( _! fell[-creatures4 ,man is consid]$1 9 ! !ory ( ?is discipl9e1 z a be+1 = ^: spiritual welf>e ! memb]s are b\nd to wat*4 ,!y are to take an int]e/ 9 8 "* & 8 happ9ess4 ,if he be ov]tak5 9 a fault1 he is n to be des]t$1 b reclaim$4 ,no endeav\r is to be sp>$ = 8 re/oration4 ,he is consid]$1 9 %ort1 z a creature1 wor?y ( all ! pa9s & ef=ts t c be be/[$ ^u him4 ,! religion ( ! ,quak]s furni%es also a cause1 :i* occasions !m to consid] man 9 an elevat$ light4 ,!y view him1 z may be collect$ f ! prec$+ volume1 z a temple ( ! ,_s ( ,god4 ,!re is no man1 s mean 9 /ation1 :o is n made capable by ! ,quak]s ( feel+ ! pres5ce ( ! ,div9ity )9 him4 ,nei!r sect1 nor c\ntry1 nor col\r1 excludes him1 9 _! op9ion1 f ?is pres5ce4 ,b x is impossible to view man z a tab]nacle1 9 :i* ! ,div9ity may reside1 )\t view+ him 9 a dignifi$ mann]4 ,& ?\gh ?is doctr9e ( ! ag5cy ( ! ,_s dwell+ 9 man belongs to _m o!r ,*ri/ian societies1 yet x is no :]e s sy/ematically act$ ^u z by t ( ! ,quak]s4 ,^! consid]ations may probably induce ! read] to believe1 t ! trait ( b5evol5ce1 :i* has be5 affix$ to ! ,quak] "*1 has n be5 giv5 x 9 va94 ,!re c be no su* feel+ = ! moral int]e/s ( man1 or su* a b5evol5t att5tion t[>ds him 9 8 temporal capacity1 :]e m5 h be5 accu/om$ to see "o ano!r 9 l[ & degrad+ *>act]s1 z :]e no su* spectacles h occurr$4 ,nor c !re be su* a g5u9e or well f\nd$ love t[>ds him1 :]e m51 on a signal giv5 by _! respective gov]nm5ts1 trans=m _! prun+-hooks into spe>s1 & become tyg]s to "o ano!r )\t any private provocation1 z :]e !y c be br\ght "u no condition :atev]1 to lift up _! arm to ! injury ( any ( ! human race4 ,!re mu/1 9 a practical sy/em ( equality1 be a due appreciation ( man z man4 ,!re mu/1 9 a sy/em :]e x is a duty to wat* ov] him1 = 8 good1 be a t5d] att5tion t[>ds him z a fell[ creature4 ,& 9 a sy/em1 :i* consid]s him z a temple 9 :i* ! ,div9e ,be+ may dwell1 !re mu/ be a respect t[>ds him1 :i* w h some?+ l ! appe>ance ( a b5evol5t disposition to ! _w4 ,,sect4 ,,ii4 ,trait ( b5evol5ce includes aga9 good w t[>ds man 9 8 religi\s capacity--,quak]s said to h no _s ( p]secution1 nor to talk ) bitt]ness1 ) respect to o!r religi\s sects--,?is trait probable--because no?+ 9 _! doctr9es t n>r[s love--_! suff]+s on ! o!r h&--& _! law aga9/ detraction--& _! av]sion to mak+ religion a subject ( common talk--all 9 fav\r ( ?is trait4 ,! ^w b5evol5ce1 :5 m5tion$ z a trait 9 ! "* ( ! ,quak]s1 includes also good w to man 9 8 religi\s capacity4 ,x has (t5 be5 obs]v$ ( ! ,quak]s1 t !y %ew no _s ( p]secution1 & t y seldom he> !m talk ) bitt]ness1 ) respect to o!r religi\s societies4 ,on ! fir/ "p ( ?is trait x may be obs]v$1 t ! ,quak]s h nev] _h any great p[] ( ex]cis+ dom9ion ov] o!rs 9 matt]s ( religion4 ,9 ,am]ica1 :]e !y h _h ! greate/1 !y h conduct$ !mselves well4 ,william ,p5n secur$ to e coloni/ ! full rights ( m5 z to religi\s op9ion & wor%ip4 ,if ! _s ( p]secution is ev] to be trac$ to ! ,quak]s1 x mu/ be f\nd 9 _! writ+s on ! subject ( religion4 ,9 "o or two ( ! productions ( _! fir/ au?ors1 :o 7 oblig$ to support _! op9ions by controv]sy1 !re is c]ta9ly an appe>ance ( an improp] w>m? ( temp]2 b x rem>kable t1 s9ce ^! times1 sc>cely a book has appeal writt5 by a ,quak] aga9/ ! religion ( ano!r4 ,satisfi$ ) _! own religi\s belief1 !y seem to h wi%$ only to be all[$ to enjoy x 9 peace4 ,= :5 !y h appe>$ z polemical writ]s1 x has be5 pr9cipally 9 ! def5ce ( !mselves4 ,on ! second "p ( ! trait ,i may rem>k1 t x is possible1 9 ! case ( ti!s1 :]e _! temp] has be5 tri$ by exp5sive di/ra9ts1 & h>d imprisonm5ts1 t !y may utt] a h>% expression aga9/ a sy/em :i* !y believe to be anti-,*ri/ian1 & :i* !y consid] also z repugnant to equity1 inasmu* z x compels !m to pay lab\r]s1 :o p]=m "w 9 _! own h>ve/2 b ?is feel+ is only tempor>y1 & is seldom ext5d$ beyond ! object t produces x4 ,!y h nev]1 to my k1 spok5 ) bitt]ness aga9/ *ur*m5 on ?is acc\nt4 ,nor h ,i ev] he>d !m1 9 su* a season ( suff]+1 pass ! slighte/ reflection ^u _! fai?4 ,t ?is trait ( b5evol5ce to man 9 8 religi\s capacity is probably true1 ,i %all endeav\r to %ew accord+ to ! me?od ,i h propos$4 ,!re is no?+1 9 ! fir/ place1 9 ! religi\s doctr9es ( ! ,quak]s1 :i* c produce a n>r[ness ( m9d 9 religion1 or a contempt = ! cre$s ( o!rs4 ,i h c]ta9ly1 9 ! c\rse ( my life1 kn[n "s bigots 9 religion1 ?\gh1 l ! ,quak]s1 ,i c5sure no man = 8 fai?4 ,i h kn[n "s1 :o h consid]$ baptism & ! sacram5t ( ! supp] z su* ess5tials 9 ,*ri/ianity1 z to d5y t ^? :o scrupl$ to admit !m1 7 ,*ri/ians4 ,i h kn[n o!rs pron\nc+ an ana!ma aga9/ p]sons1 because !y did n believe ! atonem5t 9 _! own way4 ,i h kn[n o!rs aga91 :o h desc5d$ into ! greate/ dep?s ( election & reprobation1 in/ead ( feel+ an awful ?ankfulness = _! own condition z ! elect1 & ! mo/ t5d] & affectionate conc]n = ^? :om !y consid]$ to be ! reprobate1 indulg+ a k9d ( spiritual pride on _! own acc\nt1 :i* has end$ 9 a contempt = o!rs4 ,?us ! doctr9es ( ,*ri/ianity1 wond]ful to relate1 h be5 made to n>r[ ! love ( ,*ri/ians6 ,! ,quak] religion1 on ! o!r h&1 kn[s no su* feel+s z ^!4 ,x consid]s ! ,_s ( ,god z visit+ all m5 9 _! day1 & z capable ( r$eem+ all1 & ?is )\t any exception ( p]sons1 & t ! diff]5ce ( cre$s1 inv5t$ by ! human und]/&+1 w make no diff]5ce 9 ! et]nal happ9ess ( man4 ,?us x does n n>r[ ! sph]e ( salvation4 ,x does n circumscribe x ei!r by num]ical or p]sonal limits4 ,!re does n appe> !re=e to be 9 ! doctr9es ( ! ,quak] religion any ?+ t %\ld n>r[ _! love to _! fell[ creatures1 or any ?+ t %\ld g5]ate a _s ( ranc\r or contempt t[>ds o!rs on acc\nt ( ! religion !y pr(ess4 ,!re are1 on ! contr>y1 circum/ances1 :i* h a t5d5cy to produce an opposite effect4 ,i see1 9 ! fir/ place1 no reason :y ! g5]al _s ( b5evol5ce to man 9 8 temporal capacity1 :i* runs ?r\gh ! :ole society1 %\ld n be admitt$ z hav+ "s p[] 9 *eck+ a bitt] _s t[>ds him 9 8 religi\s "*4 ,i see aga91 t ! suff]+s1 :i* ! ,quak]s s (t5 und]go on acc\nt ( _! religi\s op9ions1 ought to h an influ5ce ) !m 9 mak+ !m t5d] t[>ds o!rs on ! same subject4 ,virgil1 :o 0 a great ma/] ( ! human m9d1 makes ! que5 ( ,c>?age say to ,a5eas1 ,haud ign>a mali1 mis]is succur]e disco1 or1 n unacqua9t$ ) mis=tunes myself1 ,i le>n to succ\r ! un=tunate4 ,s "o w\ld hope t ! ,quak]s1 ( all o!r p1 ought to "k h[ wrong x is to be angry ) ano!r = 8 religion4 ,) respect to t "p ( ! trait1 :i* relates to speak+ acrimoni\sly ( o!r sects1 !re are p>ticul> circum/ances 9 ! cu/oms & discipl9e ( ! ,quak]s1 :i* seem likely to prev5t x4 ,x is a law ( ! society1 en=c$ by _! discipl9e1 z ,i %ew$ 9 a =m] volume1 t no ,quak] is to be guilty ( detraction or sl&]4 ,any p]son1 break+ ?is law1 w\ld come "u admonition1 if f\nd out4 ,?is induces an habitual caution or circumspection 9 spee*1 :]e p]sons are made ! subject ( conv]sation4 ,& ,i h no d\bt t ?is law w\ld act z a prev5tive 9 ! case be=e u4 ,x is n a cu/om1 aga91 ) ! ,quak]s1 to make religion a subject ( common talk4 ,^?1 :o "k !m1 "k well h[ difficult x is to make !m conv]se1 ei!r ^u _! own fai?1 or ^u ! fai? ( o!rs4 ,!y believe1 t topics on religion1 famili>ly introduc$1 t5d to weak5 its solemnity ^u ! m9d4 ,!y exclude subjects also f ord9>y conv]sation ^u ano!r pr9ciple4 ,= !y believe1 t religion %\ld n be introduc$ at ^! times1 unless x c be made edify+4 ,b1 if x is to be made edify+1 x is to come1 !y conceive1 n ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! activity ( ! imag9ation ( man1 b ?r\gh ! passiv5ess ( ! s\l "u ! influ5ce ( ! ,div9e ,_s4 ,,sect4 ,,iii4 ,trait ( b5evol5ce includes aga9 a t5d] feel+ t[>d ! brute creation--,quak]s rem>kable = _! t5d]ness to animals--,?is feature produc$ f _! doctr9e1 t animals are n m]e ma*9es1 b ! creatures ( ,god1 ! end ( ^: exi/5ce is always to be att5d$ to 9 _! treatm5t--& f _! op9ion z to :at ought to be ! influ5ce ( ! ,gospel1 z record$ 9 _! own summ>y4 ,! ^w b5evol5ce1 :5 appli$ to ! "* ( ! ,quak]s1 includes also a t5d] feel+ t[>ds ! brute creation4 ,x has frequ5tly be5 obs]v$ by ^? :o are acqua9t$ ) ! ,quak]s1 t all animals belong+ to !m are treat$ ) a t5d] consid]ation1 & are n p]mitt$ to be abus$1 & t !y feel1 9 l mann]1 = ^? :i* may be oppress$ by o!rs1 s t _! conduct is (t5 influ5c$ 9 "s way or o!r ^u su* occasions4 ,x w be obvi\s1 9 enquir+ into ! tru? ( ?is trait 9 ! "* ( ! ,quak]s1 t ! same pr9ciples1 :i* ,i h describ$ z co-op]at+ to produce b5evol5ce t[>ds man1 are n applicable to ! species 9 "q4 ,b b5evol5ce1 :5 once root$ 9 ! he>t1 w gr[ l a fruitful plant1 f :atev] causes x may spr+1 & enl>ge itself 9 "t4 ,! man1 :o is rem>kable = 8 k9dness t[>ds man1 w always be f\nd to ext5d x t[>ds ! creatures ar\nd him4 ,x is an anci5t say+1 t a righte\s man reg>ds ! life ( 8 bea/1 b ! t5d] m]cies ( ! wick$ are cruel4 ,b1 indep5d5tly ( ?is consid]ation1 !re is a pr9ciple 9 ! ,quak] con/itution1 :i*1 if x be att5d$ to1 _c b give bir? to ! trait 9 "q4 ,x has be5 %ewn 9 ! fir/ ,volume1 on ! subject ( ! div]sions ( ! field1 t ! ,quak]s consid] animals1 n z m]e ma*9es1 to be us$ at discretion1 b 9 ! sublime light ( ! creatures ( ,god1 ( ^: exi/5ce ! use & int5tion ought always to be consid]$1 & to :om rights arise f v>i\s causes1 any violation ( :i* is a violation ( a moral law4 ,?is pr9ciple1 if att5d$-to by ! ,quak]s1 mu/1 z ,i h j obs]v$1 secure all animals :i* may belong to !m1 f oppression4 ,!y mu/ s consid] ! end ( _! use1 z to def5d !m f abuse4 ,!y mu/ s calculate _! p[]s & _! ye>s1 z to %ield !m f excessive lab\r4 ,!y mu/ s anticipate _! feel+s1 z to protect !m f pa94 ,!y mu/ s e/imate _! in/9ct1 & make an all[ance = _! want ( und]/&+1 z n to atta* to _! petty mis*iefs ! necessity ( an unbecom+ rev5ge4 ,!y mu/ act t[>ds !m1 9 %ort1 z creat$ = special ends1 & mu/ consid] !mselves z _! gu>dians1 t ^! ends may n be p]v]t$1 b atta9$4 ,to ?is x may be add$1 t ! pr9t$ summ>y ( ! religion ( ! society con/antly />es !m 9 ! face1 9 :i* x is record$1 :at ought to be ! influ5ce ( ,*ri/ianity on ?is subject4 ,we are also cle>ly ( ! judgm5t1 t1 if ! b5evol5ce ( ! ,gospel 7 g5]ally preval5t 9 ! m9ds ( m51 x w\ld ev5 influ5ce _! conduct 9 ! treatm5t ( ! brute creation1 :i* w\ld no long] groan1 ! victims ( _! av>ice1 or ( _! false ideas ( pleasure4 ,,*ap4 ,,iv4 ,second trait is t ( complac5cy ( m9d or quietness ( "*--,?is trait confirm$ by circum/ances 9 _! education1 discipl9e1 & public wor%ip1 :i* are productive ( quiet p]sonal habits--& by _! disuse ( ! div]sions ( ! _w--by ! mode ( ! settlem5t ( _! diff]5ces--by _! ef=ts 9 ! subjugation ( ! w--by _! endeav\r to avoid all activity ( m9d dur+ _! devotional ex]cises--all ( :i* are productive ( a quiet habitude ( m9d4 ,a second trait 9 ! "* ( ! ,quak]s is t ( complac5cy1 or ev5ness1 or quietness ( m9d & mann]4 ,?is trait is1 ,i believe1 almo/ z g5]ally admitt$ by ! _w1 z t ( b5evol5ce4 ,x is a matt] ( frequ5t obs]vation1 t y seldom see an irascible ,quak]4 ,& x is by no means uncommon to he> p]sons1 :5 ,quak]s are ! subject ( conv]sation1 talk+ ( ! my/]ies ( _! education1 or wond]+ h[ x happ5s1 t !y %\ld be able to produce 9 _! memb]s su* a calmness & quietness ( "*4 ,!re w be no difficulty 9 sub/antiat+ ?is second trait4 ,!re are circum/ances1 9 ! fir/ place1 9 ! con/itution ( ! ,quak] sy/em1 :i*1 z x mu/ h already appe>$1 mu/ be g5]ative ( quiet p]sonal habits4 ,among ^! may be reckon$ _! education4 ,!y are taught1 9 e>ly y\?1 to rise 9 ! morn+ 9 quietness1 to g ab\t _! ord9>y occupations 9 quietness1 & to retire 9 quietness to _! b$s4 ,we may reckon also _! discipl9e4 ,!y are accu/om$ by means ( ?is1 :5 "y1 to att5d ! mon?ly & qu>t]ly meet+s1 :i* are (t5 ( long cont9uance4 ,"h !y are oblig$ to sit pati5tly4 ,"h !y he> ! gr[n up memb]s ( ! society speak 9 ord]1 & )\t any int]ruption ( "o ano!r4 ,we may reckon aga9 _! public wor%ip4 ,"h !y are accu/om$ occasionally to sil5t meet+s1 or to sit quietly = a l5g? ( "t1 :5 n a ^w is spok54 ,!re are circum/ances aga9 9 ! con/itution ( ! ,quak]s1 :i* are ei!r prev5tive ( m5tal activity1 & excitem5t ( passion1 or productive ( a quiet habitude ( m9d4 ,=bidd5 ! use ( c>ds1 & ( music1 & ( danc+1 & ( ! !atre1 & ( novels1 x mu/ be obvi\s1 t !y _c exp]i5ce ! same excitem5t ( ! passions1 z !y :o are p]mitt$ ! use ( ^! common amusem5ts ( ! _w4 ,9 consequ5ce ( an obligation to h rec\rse to arbitration1 z ! e/abli%$ mode ( decision 9 ! case ( diff]5ces ) "o ano!r1 !y le>n to conduct !mselves ) temp] & decorum 9 exasp]at+ cases4 ,!y avoid1 9 consequ5ce1 ! fr5zy ( him :o has rec\rse to viol5ce1 & ! turbid /ate ( m9d ( him :o engages 9 suits at law4 ,x may be obs]v$ also1 t if1 9 e>ly y\?1 _! evil passions are call$ =? by o!r causes1 x is consid]$ z a duty to quell !m4 ,! e>ly subjugation ( ! w is insi/$ ^u 9 all g5u9e ,quak] families4 ,! *ildr5 ( ,quak]s are rebuk$1 z ,i h _h occasion to obs]ve1 = all expressions ( ang]1 z t5d+ to raise ^? feel+s1 :i* ought to be suppress$4 ,a rais+ ev5 ( _! voice is disc\rag$1 z lead+ to ! di/urbance ( _! m9ds4 ,?is is done to make !m calm & passive1 t !y may be 9 a /ate to receive ! influ5ce ( ! pure pr9ciple4 ,x may be obs]v$ aga91 t 9 _! meet+s = wor%ip1 :e!r sil5t or vocal1 !y endeav\r to avoid all activity ( ! m9d = ! same reason4 ,^! diff]5t circum/ances !n1 by produc+ quiet p]sonal habits on ! "o h&1 & quiet m5tal ones on ! o!r1 concur 9 produc+ a complac5cy ( m9d & mann]1 s t a ,quak] is daily z x 7 at s*ool1 z f> z relates to ! =mation ( a quiet "*4 ,,*ap4 ,v4 ,?ird trait is1 t !y d n temporize1 or d t :i* !y believe to be improp] z a body ( ,*ri/ians--,subjects1 9 :i* ?is trait is conspicu\s--,civil oa?s--,holy or consecrat$ days--,w>--,ti!s --,language--,address--,public illum9ations--,utility ( ?is trait to ! ,quak] "*4 ,x is a ?ird trait 9 ! "* ( ! ,quak]s1 t !y refuse to d :atev] z a religi\s body !y believe to be wrong4 ,i %all h no occasion to /ate any ( ! rem>ks ( ! _w to %ew _! belief ( ! exi/5ce ( ?is trait1 nor to apply to circum/ances )9 ! ,quak] con/itution to confirm x4 ,! trait is almo/ daily conspicu\s 9 "s subject or ano!r4 ,x is kept alive by _! discipl9e4 ,x is kn[n to all :o "k ,quak]s4 ,i %all satisfy myself !re=e ) a pla9 hi/orical relation conc]n+ x4 ,x has be5 an e/abli%$ rule ) ! ,quak]s1 f ! =mation ( _! society1 n to temporize1 or to violate _! consci5ces1 or1 9 o!r words1 n to d t :i* z a body ( ,*ri/ians !y believe to be wrong1 ?\gh ! usages ( ! _w1 or ! gov]nm5t ( ! c\ntry "u :i* !y live1 %\ld require x1 b r to submit to ! fr[ns & indignation ( ! "o1 & ! legal p5alties annex$ to _! disob$i5ce by ! o!r4 ,?is suff]+ 9 pref]5ce ( ! violation ( _! consci5ces1 is :at ! ,quak]s call ! be>+ ( _! te/imony1 or a demon/ration to ! _w1 by ! te/imony ( _! own example1 t !y consid] x to be ! duty ( ,*ri/ians r to suff]1 ?an to h any conc]n ) t :i* !y conceive to be evil4 ,! ,quak]s1 9 putt+ ?is pr9ciple into practice1 /&1 ,i believe1 alone4 ,= ,i "k ( no o!r ,*ri/ians1 :o z a body#cd pay ?is homage to _! scruples1 or :o det]m9e ^u an ordeal ( suff]+ 9 pref]5ce ( a compromise ) _! ease & safety4 ,footnote #cd3 ,! ,moravians1 ,i believe1 prote/ aga9/ w> ^u scriptural gr\nds4 ,b h[ f> 9 ?is1 or 9 any o!r case1 !y be> a te/imony1 l ! ,quak]s1 by suff]+1 ,i d n "k4 ,! subjects1 9 :i* ?is trait is conspicu\s1 are ( two k9ds1 fir/ z !y relate to ?+s enjo9$ by ! gov]nm5t1 & secondly z !y relate to ?+s enjo9$ by ! cu/oms or fa%ions ( ! _w4 ,9 ! fir/ case !re 0 =m]ly mu* m suff]+ ?an !re is at pres5t1 ?\gh ! ,quak]s /ill refuse a compliance ) z _m injunctions ( ! law z !y did 9 _! e>ly times4 ,x has be5 already /at$ t !y refus$1 f ! v in/itution ( _! society1 to take a civil oa?4 ,! suff]+s1 :i* !y und]w5t 9 consequ5ce1 h be5 expla9$ also4 ,b happily1 by ! indulg5ce ( ! legislature1 !y are no long] p]secut$ = ?is scruple1 ?\gh !y /ill p]sev]e 9 x1 _! affirmation hav+ be5 made equal to an oa? 9 civil cases4 ,x has be5 /at$ aga91 t !y prote/$ aga9/ ! religi\s obs]vance ( _m ( ^? days1 :i* ! gov]nm5t ( ! c\ntry = v>i\s consid]ations _h ord]$ to be kept z holy4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is !y 7 griev\sly oppress$ 9 ! e>ly times ( _! hi/ory4 ,= :5 _! %ops 7 f\nd op5 on ,*ri/mas day1 & on ,good ,friday1 & on ! diff]5t fa/-days :i* _h be5 appo9t$1 !y 7 tak5 up & puni%$ by ! magi/rates on ! "o h&1 & insult$ & beat5 by ! p on ! o!r4 ,b1 not)/&+ ?is ill usage1 !y p]sev]$ z rigidly 9 ! non-obs]vance ( p>ticul> days & times1 z 9 _! non-compliance ) oa?s1 & !y /ill p]sev]e 9 x4 ,x does n appe>1 h[ev]1 t _! be>+ ( _! te/imony 9 ?is case is any long] a s\rce ( mu* vexation or tr\ble to !m3 = ?\gh ! gov]nm5t ( ! c\ntry /ill sanctions ! consecration ( p>ticul> days1 &1 ! great majority ( ! p jo9 9 x1 !re seems1 to h be5 a progressive k or civilization 9 bo?1 :i* has occasion$ !m to become t5d] on acc\nt ( ?is s+ul> deviation f _! own practice4 ,b ?\gh ! ,quak]s h be5 ?us reliev$ by ! legislature1 & by ! m mild & lib]al disposition ( ! p1 f s mu* suff]+ 9 be>+ _! te/imony on ! two occasions :i* h be5 m5tion$1 yet !re are o!rs1 :]e ! laws ( gov]nm5t are conc]n$1 on :i* !y f9d !mselves involv$ 9 a /ruggle betwe5 ! violation ( _! consci5ces & a /ate ( suff]+1 & :]e un=tunately !re is no rem$y at h&1 )\t ! manife/ation ( great] p>tiality t[>ds !m1 ?an x may be suppos$ an equal adm9i/ration ( ju/ice to all w\ld w>rant4 ,hie fir/ ( ^! occasions is :5 milit>y s]vice1 is enjo9$4 ,! ,quak]s1 :5 drawn = ! militia1 refuse ei!r to s]ve1 or to furni% sub/itutes4 ,= ?is refusal !y come "u ! cognizance ( ! laws4 ,_! prop]ty1 :]e !y h any1 is ( c\rse di/ra9$ ^u1 & a great "p ( a little sub/ance is sometimes tak5 f !m on1 ?is acc\nt4 ,:]e !y h n di/ra9able prop]ty1 :i* is occasionally ! case1 !y nev] fly1 b submit to ! kn[n puni%m5t1 & g pati5tly to prison4 ,! legislature1 h[ev]1 has n be5 inatt5tive to ! ,quak]s ev5 ^u ?is occasion2 = x has limit$ _! conf9em5t to ?ree mon?s4 ,! gov]nm5t also ( ! c\ntry af=d$ lately1 9 a case 9 :i* ! ,quak]s 7 conc]n$1 an example ( att5tion to religi\s scruples ^u ?is subject4 ,9 ! late bill = arm+ ! c\ntry en masse1 bo? ! ,quak]s & ! ,moravians 7 exempt$ f milit>y s]vice4 ,?is homage to religi\s pr9ciple did ! au?ors ( ^! exemptions ! highe/ hon\r4 ,& x c]ta9ly becomes ! ,quak]s to be grateful = ?is unsolicit$ fav\r2 & z x 0 be/[$ ^u !m ^u ! full belief t !y 7 ! p !y pr(ess$ !mselves1 !y %\ld be p>ticul>ly c>eful t !y d n1 by any inconsi/5cy ( conduct1 t>ni% ! high reputation1 :i* has be5 atta*$ to !m by ! gov]nm5t "u :i* !y live4 ,! second occasion is1 :5 ti!s or o!r dues are dem&$ by ! *ur*4 ,! ,quak]s refuse ! paym5t ( ^! ^u pr9ciples1 :i* h be5 already expla9$4 ,!y come ( c\rse aga9 "u ! cognizance ( ! laws4 ,_! prop]ty is annually di/ra9$ ^u by w>rant f ju/ices ( ! peace1 :]e ! dem& does n exce$ ! value ( t5 p\nds1 & ?is is _! usual suff]+ 9 ?is case4 ,b !re h n be5 want+ in/ances :]e an unusual h>dness1 ( he>t has sugge/$ a process1 /ill all[able by ! law1 :i* has depriv$ !m ( all _! prop]ty1 & consign$ !m = life to ! habitation ( a prison4#ce ,footnote #ce3 ,"o di$1 n a great :ile ago1 9 ,york ,ca/le1 & o!rs1 :o 7 conf9$ ) him1 w\ld h %>$ 8 fate1 b = ! int]f]5ce ( ! k+4 ,x is surpris+1 t ! cl]gy %\ld n unite 9 promot+ a bill 9 p>liam5t1 to ext5d ! au?ority ( ! ju/ices to grant w>rants ( di/ra9t = ti!s to m ?an ! value ( t5 p\nds1 & to any am\nt1 z ?is is ! mo/ *eap & exp$iti\s way = !mselves4 ,if !y apply to ! ecclesia/ical c\rts1 !y c en=ce no paym5t ( _! ti!s !n4 ,!y c put ! poor ,quak] into prison1 b !y _c obta9 _! debt4 ,if !y apply to ! ex*equ]1 !y may f9d !mselves1 at ! conclusion ( _! suit1 & ?is aft] a delay ( ?ree ye>s1 liable to ! paym5t ( extra co/s1 to ! am\nt ( =ty or fifty p\nds1 ) :i* !y _c *>ge ! ,quak]1 ?\gh !y may conf9e him = life4 ,"s1 to my k1 h be5 glad to ab&on ^! suits1 & put up ) ! co/s1 incurr$ 9 !m2 r ?an cont9ue !m4 ,rec\rse to su* c\rts occasion ! cl]gy frequ5tly to be *>g$ ) cruelty1 :51 if !y _h only und]/ood _! own int]e/s bett]1 !y w\ld h avoid$ !m4 ,b x is n only 9 cases1 ( :i* ! laws ( ! l& take cognizance1 t ! ,quak]s pref] suff]+ to do+ t :i* _! consci5ces disapprove4 ,!re are o!r cases1 connect$1 z ,i obs]v$ be=e1 ) ! op9ion ( ! _w1 :]e !y exhibit a simil> example4 ,if !y believe any cu/om or fa%ion ( ! _w to be evil 9 itself1 or to be att5d$ ) evil1 nei!r popul> applause nor popul> fury c make !m foll[ x1 b !y ?9k x "r to be> _! te/imony aga9/ x by its disuse1 & to run ! haz>d ( all ! ridicule1 c5sure1 or p]secution1 :i* may await !m = s do+4 ,9 ^! cases1 z 9 ! =m]1 x mu/ be obs]v$1 t ! suff]+s ( ! ,quak]s h be5 mu* dim9i%$1 ?\gh !y /ill refuse a compliance 9 z _m in/ances z =m]ly1 ) ! fa%ions ( ! _w4 ,x 0 /at$ 9 ! fir/ volume1 t !y sub/itut$ ! ^w ,?\ = ,y1 9 ord] t !y might avoid by _! words1 z well z by _! actions1 any appe>ance ( flatt]y to m54 ,x 0 /at$ also1 t !y suff]$ on ?is acc\nt2 t _m magi/rates1 be=e :om !y 7 c>ri$ 9 ! e>ly times ( _! in/itution1 occasion$ _! puni%m5t to be m sev]e1 & t !y 7 (t5 abus$ & beat5 by o!rs1 & put 9 dang] ( _! lives4 ,?is p]secution1 h[ev]1 = ?is s+ul>ity 9 _! language1 has long ceas$2 & ! sub/itution ( ,?\ = ,y is n[ only consid]$ z an innoc5t di/9ction betwe5 ,quak]s & o!r p4 ,x 0 /at$ aga9 9 ! same volume1 t ! ,quak]s ab/a9$ f ! usual address ( ! _w1 su* z f pull+ (f _! hats1 & f b[+ ! body1 & f _! c]emoni\s usages4 ,x 0 expla9$ also1 t !y did ?is ^u two pr9ciples4 ,fir/1 because1 z su* c]emonies 7 no real m>ks ( obeisance1 fri5d%ip or respect1 !y ought to be disc\rag$ by a p1 ^: religion requir$ t no image %\ld be held out1 :i* 0 n a fai?ful picture ( its orig9al1 & t no action %\ld be resort$ to1 :i* 0 n correspond5t ) ! feel+s ( ! he>t4 ,secondly1 because all su* c]emonies 7 ( a complim5t>y or flatt]+ nature1 & 7 expressly =bidd5 by ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,x 0 /at$ also1 t1 on acc\nt ( _! rejection ( su* outw>d usages1 _! hats 7 =cibly tak5 f _! heads & ?r[n away2 t !y 7 beat5 & imprison$ on ?is sole acc\nt2 & t ! _w refus$ to deal ) !m z tradesm51 9 consequ5ce ( :i* _m c\ld sc>cely supply _! families ) bread4 ,b ?is deviation f ! g5]al practice1 ?\gh x /ill *>act]izes ! memb]s ( ?is society1 is no long] a s\rce ( suff]+4 ,magi/rates sometimes take c>e t _! hats %all be tak5 g5tly f _! heads on public occasions1 & private p]sons expect n[ no su* homage f ,quak]s1 :5 !y meet !m4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 a cu/om1 aga9/ :i* ! ,quak]s anci5tly bore _! te/imony1 & aga9/ :i* !y cont9ue to be> x1 :i* subjects !m occasionally to consid]able inconv5i5ce & loss4 ,9 ! case ( a g5]al illum9ation1 !y nev] light up _! h\ses1 b h ! c\rage to be s+ul> 9 ?is respect1 :atev] may be ! temp] ( ! mob4 ,!y believe t ! practice ( g5]al illum9ations _c be adopt$ consi/5tly by p]sons1 :o are lov]s ( ! tru?4 ,!y consid] x z no c]ta9 crit]ion ( joy4 ,=1 9 ! fir/ place1 h[ _m light up _! h\ses1 ^: he>ts are ov]:elm$ ) sorr[8 ,&1 9 ! second place1 ! ev5t :i* is celebrat$1 may n always be a matt] ( joy to good m9ds4 ,! bir?-day ( a pr9ce1 = example1 may be u%]$ 9 z welcome1 & ! celebration ( x may call 8 actions to m9d1 ^u :i* a reflection may produce pleasure1 b ! celebration ( ! slaught] or deva/ation ( mank9d c af=d no happ9ess to ! ,*ri/ian4 ,!y consid] ! practice aga91 accompani$ z x is ) all its fi]y in/rum5ts1 z dang]\s & cruel4 ,= h[ _m accid5ts h happ5$1 & h[ _m lives h be5 lo/ ^u su* occasions8 ,!y consid] x aga9 z replete ) evil4 ,! wild upro> :i* x creates1 ! mad & riot\s joy :i* x produces1 ! lic5ti\sness :i* x fav\rs1 ! invidi\s comp>isons :i* x occasions1 ! p>tial fav\r :i* x fixes on individuals :o h probably no moral m]it1 ! false joys :i* x holds out1 & ! enmity :i* x has on "s occasions a t5d5cy to p]petuate2 are s _m additional argum5ts aga9/ x 9 ! op9ion ( ! ,quak]s4 ,= ^! & o!r reasons !y *oose n to submit to ! cu/om1 b to be> _! te/imony aga9/ x1 & to run ! haz>d ( hav+ _! w9d[s brok51 or _! h\ses pillag$1 z ! populace may dictate3 ,& 9 ! same mann]1 if !re be any o!r practice1 9 :i* ! _w may expect !m to co9cide1 !y reject x1 fe>less ( ! consequ5ces1 if !y believe x to be productive ( evil4 ,?is noble practice ( be>+ te/imony1 by :i* a few individuals attempt to /em ! torr5t ( immorality by oppos+ !mselves to its /ream1 & :i* may be consid]$ z a liv+ m>tyrdom1 does1 9 a moral po9t ( view1 a great deal ( good to ^?1 :o consci5ti\sly adopt x4 ,x recalls fir/ pr9ciples to _! m9ds4 ,x keeps 9 _! remembrance ! religi\s rights ( man4 ,x tea*es !m to reason ^u pr9ciple1 & to make _! e/imates by a moral /&>d4 ,x is productive bo? ( pati5ce & ( c\rage4 ,x occasions !m to be k9d & att5tive1 & m]ciful to ^? :o are p]secut$ & oppress$4 ,x ?r[s !m into ! pres5ce ( ! ,div9ity :5 !y are p]secut$ !mselves4 ,9 %ort1 x w>ms _! moral feel+s1 & elevates _! religi\s ?\ghts4 ,l oil1 x keeps !m f ru/+4 ,l a :et/one1 x gives !m a new edge4 ,take away ?is practice f ! con/itution ( ! ,quak]s1 & y pull d[n a consid]able support ( _! moral "*4 ,x is a great pity t1 z pr(ess+ ,*ri/ians1 we %\ld n1 m ( u1 incorporate ?is noble pr9ciple individually into our religion4 ,we concur unque/ionably 9 cu/oms1 ?r\gh ! fe> ( be+ reput$ s+ul>1 ( :i* our he>ts d n always approve1 ?\gh no?+ is m true1 ?an t a ,*ri/ian is expect$ to be s+ul> ) respect to ! corruptions ( ! _w4 ,:at an imm5sity ( good w\ld be done1 if cases ( p]sons1 *oos+ r to suff] ?an to temporize1 7 s num]\s z to attract ! g5]al notice ( m56 ,w\ld n e case ( suff]+ op]ate z "o ( ! mo/ =cible lessons t c\ld be giv5 to ^? :o %\ld see x8 ,& h[ long w\ld t infam\s sy/em h to live1 :i* makes a di/9ction betwe5 political exp$i5cy & moral "r8 ,,*ap4 ,,vi4 ,a f\r? trait is1 t1 9 political affairs1 !y reason ^u pr9ciple1 & n f consequ5ces--,?is mode ( reason+ insures ! adoption ( ! maxim ( n do+ evil t good may come--,_h ,quak]s be5 legislators1 _m public evils _h be5 avoid$1 :i* are n[ kn[n 9 ! _w--,exi/5ce ( ?is trait probable f ! influ5ce ( ! =m] trait--& f ! influ5ce ( ! peculi> cu/oms ( ! ,quak]s--& f ! influ5ce ( _! sy/em ( discipl9e ^u _! m9ds4 ,! next trait1 :i* ,i %all lay op5 to ! _w z belong+ to ! ,quak] "*1 is1 t 9 all ^? cases1 :i* may be call$ political1 ! ,quak]s g5]ally reason ^u pr9ciple1 & b seldom ^u consequ5ces4 ,i d n "k ( any trait1 :i* ev] impress$ me m ?an ?is 9 all my int]c\rse ) ! memb]s ( ?is society4 ,x 0 "o ( ^? :i* obtrud$ itself to my notice on my fir/ acqua9tance ) !m1 & x has cont9u$ equally conspicu\s to ! pres5t "t4 ,if an imp>tial philosoph]1 f "s unkn[n l&1 & to :om our mann]s1 & op9ions1 & hi/ory1 7 unkn[n1 7 introduc$ sudd5ly into our metropolis1 & 7 to conv]se ) ! ,quak]s !re on a giv5 political subject1 & to be directly aft]w>ds convey$ to ! we/ end ( ! t[n1 & !re to conv]se ) politicians1 or m5 ( fa%ion1 or m5 ( ! _w1 ^u ! same1 he c\ld n fail to be greatly surpris$4 ,if he ?\ght ! =m] wise1 or virtu\s1 or great1 he w\ld unavoidably consid] ! latt] z fooli%1 or vici\s1 or little4 ,two su* opposite conclusions1 z he w\ld he> d$uc$ f ! reason+s ( ea*1 w\ld impress him ) an idea1 t he _h be5 tak5 to a c\ntry inhabit$ by two diff]5t races ( m54 ,he w\ld nev] conceive1 t !y _h be5 educat$ 9 ! same c\ntry1 or "u ! same gov]nm5t4 ,if left to himself1 he w\ld probably imag9e1 t !y _h embrac$ two diff]5t religions4 ,b if he 7 told t !y pr(ess$ ! same1 he w\ld !n say1 t ! precepts ( ?is religion _h be5 express$ 9 su* d\btful language1 t !y l$ to two sets ( pr9ciples contradictory to "o ano!r4 ,i ne$ sc>cely in=m ! read]1 t ,i allude to ! two opposite conclusions1 :i* w almo/ always be drawn1 :]e m5 reason f motives ( policy or f moral "r4 ,if x be true t ! ,quak]s reason ^u pr9ciple 9 political affairs1 & n ^u consequ5ces1 x w foll[ z a direct inf]5ce1 t !y w adopt ! ,*ri/ian maxim1 t m5 ought n to d evil t good may come4 ,& ?is is inde$ ! maxim1 :i* y f9d !m adopt+ 9 ! c\rse ( _! conv]sation on su* subjects1 & :i* ,i believe !y w\ld h uni=mly adopt$1 if !y _h be5 plac$ 9 political situations 9 life4 ,_h ! ,quak]s be5 ! legislators ( ! _w1 we %\ld nev] h se5 _m ( ! public evils t h appe>$ 9 x4 ,x 0 ?\ght =m]ly1 = example1 a glori\s ?+ to attempt to drive ,paganism f ! ,holy ,l&1 b ,quak]s w\ld nev] h jo9$ 9 any ( ! crusades = its expulsion4 ,x has be5 long e/eem$1 aga91 a desid]atum 9 politics1 t among nations1 diff]+ 9 /r5g? & res\rces1 a k9d ( balance ( p[] %\ld be kept up1 b ,quak]s w\ld nev] h engag$ 9 any "o w> to pres]ve x4 ,x has be5 ?\ght aga91 t x w\ld contribute to ! happ9ess ( ! natives ( ,india1 if ! bless+s ( ! ,briti% con/itution c\ld be giv5 !m in/ead ( _! own4 ,b ,quak]s w\ld nev] h tak5 possession ( _! t]ritories =1 ! accompli%m5t ( su* a good4 ,x has be5 long ?\ght aga9 a matt] ( great political importance1 t our ,we/-,indian settlem5ts %\ld be cultivat$ by ,african lab\r]s4 ,b ,quak]s w\ld nev] h all[$ a slave-trade = su* a purpose4 ,x has be5 ?\ght aga91 & x is /ill ?\ght1 a desirable ?+1 t our prop]ty %\ld be secur$ f ! petty depr$ations ( individuals4 ,b ,quak]s w\ld nev] h cons5t$ to capital puni%m5ts = su* an end4 ,9 %ort1 few public evils w\ld h aris5 among mank9d1 if /atesm5 _h adopt$ ! sy/em1 ^u :i* ! ,quak]s reason 9 political affairs1 or if !y _h concurr$ ) an anci5t ,grecian philosoph] 9 condemn+ to dete/ation ! memory ( ! man1 :o fir/ made a di/9ction betwe5 exp$i5cy & moral "r4 #cf,t ?is trait ( reason+ ^u pr9ciple1 reg>dless ( ! consequ5ces1 is likely to be a feature 9 ! "* ( ! ,quak]s1 we are w>rant$ 9 pron\nc+1 :5 we discov] no less ?an ?ree circum/ances 9 ! con/itution ( ! ,quak]s1 :i* may be causes 9 produc+ x4 ,footnote #cf3 ,! ,si]ra ,leone ,company1 :i* 0 f\nd$ = laudable purposes1 ought h be5 fill$ by ,quak]s2 b :5 !y und]/ood t !re 0 to be a =t & depot ( arms 9 ! settlem5t1 !y decl9$ becom+ proprietors4 ,?is trait seems1 9 ! fir/ place1 to be ! direct & legitimate (fspr+ ( ! trait expla9$ 9 ! la/ *apt]4 ,= e "t a ,quak] is call$ ^u to be> 8 te/imony by suff]+1 :e!r 9 ! case ( a refusal to comply ) ! laws1 or ) ! cu/oms & fa%ions ( ! l&1 he is call$ ^u to ref] to 8 own consci5ce1 aga9/ 8 own temporal int]e/1 & aga9/ ! op9ion ( ! _w4 ,! mom5t he gives up pr9ciple = policy 9 ! c\rse ( 8 reason+ ^u su* occasions1 !n he does z _m o!rs d1 t is1 he submits to ! less inconv5i5ce1 & !n he ceases to be a ,quak]4 ,b :ile he cont9ues to be> 8 te/imony1 x is a pro( t he makes exp$i5cy give way to :at he imag9es to be "r4 ,! be>+ !re=e ( te/imony1 :]e x is consci5ti\sly done1 is ! p>5t1 z x is also ! bulw>k & gu>dian ( reason+ ^u pr9ciple4 ,x ?r[s out a mem5to :5ev] x is practis$1 & habituates ! subject ( x to reason 9 ?is mann]4 ,b ?is trait is n\ri%$ & support$ aga9 by o!r causes1 & fir/ by ! influ5ce1 :i* ! peculi> cu/oms ( ! ,quak]s mu/ occasionally h ^u _! m9ds4 ,a ,quak] _c g out ( doors1 b he is rem9d$ ( 8 own s+ul>ity1 or ( 8 diff]5ce 9 a v>iety ( respects f 8 fell[-citiz5s4 ,n[ e cu/om1 9 :i* he is s+ul>1 :e!r x be t ( dress or ( language1 or ( address1 or any o!r1 is f\nd$1 9 8 own m9d1 on moral pr9ciple1 & 9 direct opposition to popul> op9ion & applause4 ,he is !re=e p]petually rem9d$1 9 almo/ all 8 daily habits1 ( ! two opposite sy/ems ( reason+1 & is p]petually call$ ^u z x 7 to ref] to ! pr9ciples1 :i* orig9ally made ! diff]5ce betwe5 him & ano!r citiz5 ( ! _w4 ,nei!r has ! discipl9e ( ! ,quak]s a less t5d5cy to ! production ( ! trait 9 "q4 ,= ! bus9ess1 :i* is transact$ 9 ! mon?ly & qu>t]ly & ye>ly meet+s1 is transact$ "u ! delib]ations ( grave & s]i\s m51 :o consid] !mselves z frequ5tly "u ! div9e influ5ce1 or z spiritually guid$ on su* occasions4 ,9 su* assemblies x w\ld be ?\ght /range if any s5tim5t 7 utt]$1 :i* sav\r$ ( exp$i5cy 9 opposition to moral "r4 ,! y\? !re=e1 :o are pres5t1 see no o!r det]m9ation ( any "q ?an by a religi\s /&>d4 ,h5ce ^! meet+s op]ate z s*ools1 9 :i* !y are habituat$ to reason ^u pr9ciple1 & to ! exclusion ( all worldly consid]ations1 :i* may sugge/ !mselves 9 ! discussion ( any po9t4 ,,*ap4 ,,vii4 ,a fif? trait is1 t !y h an extraord9>y indep5d5ce ( m9d--,?is probable1 because ! result ( ! f>m] trait--because likely to be produc$ by _! discipl9e--by _! peculi> cu/om--& by _! op9ions on ! suppos$ dignity ( situations 9 life--because aga91 !y are n vuln]able by ! s$uction ( gov]nm5ts--or by ! dom9ion ( ! *ur*--or by ! p[] ( fa%ion & ( ! op9ion ( ! _w4 ,! next trait1 conspicu\s 9 ! "* ( ! ,quak]s1 & :i* is ne>ly alli$ to ! =m]1 is t ( indep5d5ce ( m9d4 ,?is trait is ( long /&+1 hav+ be5 coeval ) ! society itself4 ,x 0 obs]v$ by ,cromwell1 t he c\ld nei!r w9 ! ,quak]s by money1 nor by hon\rs1 nor by places1 z he c\ld o!r p4 ,a simil> op9ion is ent]ta9$ ( !m at ! pres5t day4 ,= ( all p x is g5]ally suppos$ t !y are ! lea/ easily work$ ^u1 or ! lea/ liable to be made tools or in/rum5ts 9 ! b&s ( o!rs4 ,:o1 = example1 c\ld say1 on any electione]+ occasion1 :atev] 8 ri*es might be1 t he c\ld comm& _! votes8 ,!re w be no difficulty 9 believ+ ?is to be a real feature 9 ! "* ( ! ,quak]s4 ,= :5 m5 are accu/om$ to ref] matt]s to _! reason1 & to reason ^u pr9ciple1 !y w always h an indep5d5ce ( m9d1 f a belief t !y are "r4 ,& :]ev] x be a maxim ) !m n to d evil t good may come1 !y w h a simil> indep5d5ce f a consci\sness1 t !y h nev] put !mselves into ! p[] ( ! _w4 ,h5ce ?is indep5d5ce ( m9d mu/ be a result ( ! trait expla9$ 9 ! =m] *apt]4 ,b 9 look+ into ! con/itution ( ! ,quak]s1 we %all f9d x full ( mat]ials = ! production ( ?is noble trait4 ,_! discipl9e has an imm$iate t5d5cy to produce x4 ,= 9 no community does a man feel himself s indep5d5t z a man4 ,a ,quak] is call$ ^u 9 8 own society to ! dis*>ge ( important (fices4 ,he sits z a repres5tative1 a legislator1 & a judge4 ,9 look+ r\nd him1 he f9ds all equal 9 privileges1 b none sup]ior1 to himself4 ,_! peculi> cu/oms h ! same t5d5cy1 = !y tea* !m to value o!rs1 :o are n ( ! society1 by no high] /&>d ?an t by :i* !y e/imate !mselves4 ,!y nei!r pull (f _! hats1 nor b[1 nor scrape4 ,9 _! spee* !y ab/a9 f ! use ( flatt]+ words & ( titles4 ,9 _! lett]s1 !y nev] subscribe !mselves ! humble s]vants ( any "o4 ,!y nev] use1 9 %ort1 any action or signature1 :i*1 s]v+ z a m>k ( elevation to o!rs1 has any influ5ce t[>ds ! degradation ( !mselves4 ,_! op9ions also ^u ! suppos$ dignity ( situations 9 life contribute t[>ds ! promotion ( ?is indep5d5ce ( _! m9ds4 ,!y value no man1 9 ! fir/ place1 on acc\nt ( 8 e>?ly title4 ,!y pay respect to magi/rates1 & to all ! nobility ( ! l&1 9 _! capacity ( legislators1 :om ! *ief magi/rate has appo9t$2 b !y believe t ! m]e lett]s 9 a s*$ule ( p>*m5t c give no m intr9sic wor? to a p]son1 ?an !y possess !mselves1 & !y ?9k ) ,juv5al1 t ! only true nobility is virtue4 ,h5ce titles1 9 ! gl>e ( :i* "s p lose ! dignity ( _! vision1 h no magical effect ^u ,quak]s4 ,!y value no man aga9 on acc\nt ( ! antiquity ( 8 family exploits4 ,!y believe1 t !re are p n[ liv+ 9 l[ & obscure situations1 ^: ance/ors p]=m$ 9 ! *ildhood ( hi/ory1 :5 x 0 ignorant & incapable ( p]petuat+ traditions1 z great feats z ^?1 :i* 9 its great] maturity x has record$4 ,& z f> z ^! exploits ( antiquity may be su* z 7 p]=m$ 9 w>s1 !y w\ld n be valu$ by !m z ornam5ts to m51 ( ^: wor? !y c only judge by _! virtu\s or _! ,*ri/ian "*4 ,!y value no man aga9 on acc\nt ( ! antiquity ( 8 ance/ry4 ,believ+ revelation to conta9 ! be/ acc\nt ( ! rise ( man1 !y consid] all families z equally old 9 _! orig91 because !y believe !m to h sprung f ! same two p>5ts1 z _! common s\rce4 ,b ?is indep5d5ce ( m9d1 :i* is said to belong to ! ,quak]s1 may be fo/]$ aga9 by o!r circum/ances1 "s ( :i* are peculi> to !mselves4 ,_m m5 all[ ! indep5d5ce ( _! m9ds to be brok5 by an acceptance ( ! hon\rs (f]$ to !m by ! gov]nm5ts1 "u :i* !y live2 b no ,quak] c\ld accept ( any ( ! hon\rs ( ! _w4 ,o!rs all[ ! indep5d5ce ( _! m9ds to be invad$ by ! acceptance ( places & p5sions f ! same qu>t]4 ,b ,quak]s1 g5]ally speak+1 are 9 a situation too indep5d5t 9 consequ5ce ( _! indu/ry1 to ne$ any support ( ?is k9d2 & no ,quak] c\ld accept x on ! t]ms on :i* x is usually giv54 ,o!rs aga9 suff] _! op9ions to be fett]$ by ! au?ority ( ecclesia/ical dom9ion1 b ! ,quak]s h brok5 all su* *a9s4 ,!y dep5d ^u no m9i/] ( ! ,gospel = _! religion1 nor d !y consid] ! prie/hood1 z o!rs d1 z a di/9ct ord] ( m54 ,o!rs aga9 come "u ! dom9ion ( fa%ion & ( popul> op9ion1 s t !y d>e only d t :i* !y see o!rs d1 or are hurri$ f "o folly to ano!r1 )\t hav+ ! c\rage to try to resi/ ! /ream4 ,b ! life ( a ,quak] is a cont9ual /ate ( indep5d5ce 9 ?is respect1 be+ a cont9ual prote/ aga9/ _m ( ! cu/oms & op9ions ( ! _w4 ,i %all n[ only obs]ve ^u ?is subject1 t ?is trait ( indep5d5ce ( m9d1 :i* is likely to be g5]at$ by "s1 & :i* is pres]v$ by o!r ( ! causes :i* h be5 m5tion$1 is n conf9$ to a few memb]s1 b runs ?r\gh ! society4 ,x belongs to ! poor z well z to ! ri*1 & to ! s]vants ( a family z well z to ^? :o live 9 pov]ty by !mselves4 ,if a poor ,quak] 7 to be introduc$ to a man ( rank1 he w\ld nei!r degrade himself by flatt]y on ! "o h&1 nor by any unbecom+ submission on ! o!r4 ,he w\ld nei!r be s$uc$ into t :i* 0 wrong1 nor intimidat$ f do+ t :i* 0 "r1 by ! spl5d\r or au?ority ( appe>ances ab\t him4 ,he w\ld /ill pres]ve ! indep5d5ce ( 8 m9d1 ?\gh he w\ld behave ) respect4 ,y w\ld nev] be able to conv9ce him1 t he _h be5 talk+ ) a p]son1 :o _h be5 fa%ion$ diff]5tly f himself4 ,?is trait ( indep5d5ce _c b ext5d itself to ! poor4 ,= hav+ ! same rights & privileges 9 ! discipl9e1 & ! same peculi> cu/oms1 & ! same views ( m5 & mann]s z ! re/ ( ! society1 a simil> disposition mu/ be f\nd 9 ^!1 unless x be c\nt]act$ by o!r causes4 ,b z ,quak] s]vants1 :o live 9 g5u9e ,quak] families1 we> no liv]ies1 nor any badges ( pov]ty or s]vitude1 !re is no?+ 9 ! opposite scale to produce an opposite feature 9 _! "*4 ,,*ap4 ,,viii4 ,,sect4 ,i4 ,a six? trait is t ( c\rage--,?is includes1 fir/1 c\rage 9 life--,c\rage n conf9$ to milit>y exploits--,quak]s seldom intimidat$ or aba%$--d>e to say :at !y ?9k--& to d :at !y believe to be "r--,?is trait may arise f t ( be>+ _! te/imony--& f ^? circum/ances :i* produc$ indep5d5ce ( m9d--& f ! peculi> cu/oms ( ! society4 ,ano!r trait 9 ! "* ( ! ,quak]s1 :i* is ne>ly alli$ to indep5d5ce ( m9d1 is c\rage4 ,?is c\rage is conspicu\s bo? 9 life & 9 ! h\r ( dea?4 ,t1 :i* belongs to ! =m] in/ance1 ,i %all consid] fir/4 ,if c\rage 9 life 7 conf9$ solely to milit>y exploits1 ! ,quak]s w\ld h no pret5sions to ?is "*4 ,b c\rage consi/s ( pres5ce ( m9d 9 _m situations ( p]il diff]5t f ^? 9 w>4 ,x consi/s (t5 9 refus+ to d t :i* is wrong1 9 spite ( popul> op9ion4 ,h5ce ! man1 :o refuses a *all5ge1 & :om m5 ( hon\r w\ld br& ) c[>dice on t acc\nt1 may h m real c\rage 9 s do+1 & w\ld h x 9 ! e/imation ( moral m51 ?an ! p]son :o s5ds x4 ,x may consi/ also 9 an inflexible p]sev]ance 9 do+ t :i* is "r1 :5 p]secution is to foll[4 ,su* 0 ! c\rage ( m>tyrdom4 ,z c\rage !n may consi/ 9 qualities diff]5t f t ( h]oism1 we %all see :at k9d ( c\rage x is t has be5 assign$ to ! ,quak]s1 & h[ f> !y may be expect$ to be entitl$ to su* a trait4 ,!re is no "q1 9 ! fir/ place1 t ,quak]s h great pres5ce ( m9d on difficult & try+ occasions4 ,to fright5 or to put !m (f _! gu>d w\ld be no easy task4 ,few p h ev] se5 an innoc5t ,quak] disconc]t$ or aba%$4 ,!y h ! c\rage also to d>e to say1 at all times & 9 all places1 :at !y believe to be "r4 ,i might appeal = ! tru? ( ?is1 z f> z ! e>ly ,quak]s are conc]n$1 to ! diff]5t conv]sations :i* ,george ,fox _h ) ,oliv] ,cromwell1 or to ! diff]5t lett]s :i* be wrote to him z protector1 or to ^? :i* he aft]w>ds wrote to k+ ,*>les ! second4 ,i might appeal aga9 to ! address ( ,edw>d ,burr\ghs to ! same mon>*4 ,i might appeal aga9 to ! bold b respectful language1 :i* ! e>ly ,quak]s us$ to ! magi/rates1 :5 !y 7 c>ri$ be=e !m1 & to ! intrepid & dignifi$ mann] 9 :i* !y spoke to _! judges1 9 ! co>se ( ! num]\s trials to :i* !y 7 br\ght 9 ^? e>ly times4 ,i might appeal also to ,b>clay's address to ! k+1 :i* /&s at ! head ( 8 ,apology4 ,z x is inconsi/5t1 says ,b>clay to k+ ,*>les ! second1 ) ! tru? ,i be>1 s x is f> f me to use ?is lett] z an eng9e to flatt] !e1 ! usual design ( su* works1 & !re=e ,i c nei!r d$icate x to !e1 nor crave ?y patronage1 z if !reby ,i might h m confid5ce to pres5t x to ! _w1 or be m hopeful ( its success4 ,to ,god alone ,i owe :at ,i h1 & t m imm$iately 9 matt]s spiritual1 & !re=e to him alone1 & ! s]vice ( 8 tru?1 ,i d$icate :atev] "w he may br+ =? 9 me1 to :om only ! praise & hon\r app]ta91 ^: tru? ne$s n ! patronage ( worldly pr9ces2 8 arm & p[] be+ t alone by :i* x is propagat$1 e/abli%$1 & confirm$4 ,& f>!r on1 he says1 ,?\ ha/ ta/$ ( prosp]ity & adv]sity2 ?\ kn[e/ :at x is to be bani%$ ?y native c\ntry1 to be ov]rul$1 z well z to rule1 & to sit ^u ! ?rone2 &1 be+ oppress$1 ?\ ha/ reason to "k h[ hateful ! oppression is bo? to ,god & man4 ,if1 aft] all ^! w>n+s & adv]tisem5ts1 ?\ do/ n turn unto ! ,"l ) all ?y he>t1 b =get him :o rememb]$ !e 9 di/ress1 & give up ?yself to foll[ lu/ & vanity2 surely great w be ?y condemnation4 ,& ?is c\rage to d>e to say :at !y believe to be "r1 z x 0 an em95t feature 9 ! "* ( ! primitive1 s x is unque/ionably a trait 9 t ( ! mod]n ,quak]s4 ,!y use no flatt]y ev5 9 ! pres5ce ( ! k+2 & :5 ! nation has address$ him 9 fav\r ( new w>s1 ! ,quak]s h sometimes _h ! c\rage to oppose ! national voice on su* an occasion1 & to g be=e ! same great p]sonage1 & 9 a respectful & dignifi$ mann]1 to deliv] a religi\s petition aga9/ ! %$d+ ( human blood4 ,!y h ! c\rage also to d>e to d z well z to say :at !y consid] to be "r4 ,x is record$ ( ! e>ly ,quak]s1 t1 9 ! times ( ! hotte/ p]secution1 !y /ood to _! te/imony 9 ! places appo9t$ = _! wor%ip4 ,!y nev] assembl$ 9 private rooms1 or held private conv5ticles1 employ+ p]sons to wat* at ! doors1 to keep out spies & in=m]s1 or to prev5t surprise f ! magi/rates4 ,b !y wor%ipp$ always 9 public1 & ) _! doors op54 ,nor1 :5 arm$ m5 7 s5t to dissolve _! meet+s1 did !y ev] fly1 b1 on ! summons to break up & dep>t1 !y sat motionless1 &1 reg>dless ( ?reats & bl[s1 nev] left _! devotions1 b 7 oblig$ to be dragg$ out1 "o by "o1 f _! places4 ,& ev5 :5 _! meet+-h\ses 7 totally de/roy$ by ! magi/rates1 !y sometimes met ! next meet+-day1 & wor%ipp$ publicly on ! ru9s1 not)/&+1 !y knew t !y 7 subject by s do+1 to f9es1 & sc\rges1 & conf9em5ts1 & bani%m5t1 & t1 l _m o!rs ( _! memb]s :o _h be5 p]secut$1 !y might die 9 prison4 ,?is c\rage ( ! e>ly ,quak]s has desc5d$ z f> z circum/ances w all[ u to judge1 to _! po/]ity1 or to ^? :o pr(ess ! same fai?4 ,= happily1 on acc\nt ( ! sup]ior k :i* has be5 diffus$ among u s9ce ^? times1 & on acc\nt ( ! progress ( ! b5ign influ5ce ( ,*ri/ianity1 bo? ( :i* may be suppos$ to h produc$ among ! memb]s ( our legislature a _s ( lib]ality 9 religion1 nei!r ! same trials2 nor ! same numb] ( !m1 c be af=d$ = ! c\rage ( ! mod]n ,quak]s1 z 7 af=d$ = t ( ! ,quak]s ( =m] days4 ,b z f> z !re are trials1 ! =m] exhibit c\rage proportion$ to _! weight4 ,?is has be5 already conspicu\s 9 ! be>+ ( _! te/imony1 ei!r 9 ^? cases :]e !y run ! haz>d ( suff]+ by oppos+ ! cu/oms ( ! _w1 or :]e1 by refus+ a compliance ) legal dem&s :i* !y believe to be anti*ri/ian1 !y actually suff]4 ,nor are ^! suff]+s (t5 slight1 :5 we consid] t !y may be made1 ev5 9 ^! days ( tol]ation1 to consi/ ( conf9em5t1 z ! law n[ /&s1 = ye>s1 & x may happ5 ev5 = life1 9 prison4 ,?is trait ( c\rage 9 life1 :i* has be5 atta*$ to ! "* ( ! ,quak]s1 is ! g5u9e (fspr+ ( ! trait ( ! be>+ ( _! te/imony4 ,= by _! te/imony x becomes _! religion to suff]1 r ?an comply ) _m ( ! laws & cu/oms ( ! l&4 ,b e "t !y get ?r\gh _! suff]+s1 if !y suff] consci5ti\sly1 !y ga9 a victory1 :i* gives !m c\rage to look o!r suff]+s 9 ! face1 & to bid defiance to o!r p]secutions4 ,?is trait is g5]at$ aga9 by all ^? circum/ances :i* h be5 enum]at$1 z produc+ ! quality ( indep5d5ce ( m9d1 & x is promot$ aga9 by ! peculi> cu/oms ( ! society4 ,= a ,quak] is a s+ul> object among 8 c\ntrym54 ,8 dress1 8 language1 & 8 cu/oms m>k him4 ,"o p]son looks at him4 ,ano!r p]haps d]ides him4 ,he mu/ summon resolution1 or he _c /ir out ( doors & be com=table4 ,resolution1 once summon$1 begets resolution aga91 till at l5g? he acquires habits sup]ior to ! looks & fr[ns1 & ridicule1 ( ! _w4 ,,sect4 ,,ii4 ,! trait ( c\rage includes also c\rage 9 dea?--,?is trait probably--f ! lives :i* ! ,quak]s lead--& f circum/ances connect$ ) _! religi\s fai?4 ,! trait ( c\rage includes also c\rage 9 dea?1 or x belongs to ! "* ( ! ,quak]s1 t !y %ew great indiff]5ce ) respect to dea?1 or t !y possess great intrepidity1 :5 s5sible ( ! approa* ( x4 ,i %all d no m on ?is subject1 ?an /ate :at may be ! causes ( ?is trait4 ,! dissolution ( all our vital organs1 & ( ! cessation to be1 s t we move no long] ^u ! face ( ! e>?1 & t our places "k u no m1 or ! idea ( be+ swept away sudd5ly into et]nal oblivion1 & ( be+ z ?\gh we _h nev] be51 _c fail ( itself ( produc+ awful s5sations ^u our m9ds4 ,b /ill m awful w ^! be1 :]e m5 believe 9 a future /ate1 & :]e1 believ+ 9 future rew>ds & puni%m5ts1 !y contemplate :at may be _! allotm5t 9 et]nity4 ,!re are consid]ations1 h[ev]1 :i* h be5 f\nd to support m51 ev5 "u ^! awful reflections1 & to enable !m to meet ) intrepidity _! approa*+ end4 ,x may c]ta9ly be admitt$1 t1 9 proportion z we cl+ to ! ?+s ( ! _w1 we %all be less will+ to leave !m1 :i* may induce an appe>ance ( fe> ) respect to dep>t+ out ( life2 & t1 9 proportion z we d5y ! _w & its pleasures1 or mortify ! affections ( ! fle%1 we %all be m will+ to ex*ange our e>?ly = spiritual enjoym5ts1 :i* may induce an appe>ance ( c\rage ) respect to dea?4 ,x may be admitt$ aga91 t1 9 proportion z we h fill$ our moral /ations 9 life1 t is1 z we h done ju/ly1 & lov$ m]cy1 & ?is n only ) respect to our fell[-creature man1 b to ! diff]5t creatures ( ,god1 !re w be a consci\s rectitude )9 u1 :i* w supply u ) c\rage1 :5 we believe ourselves call$ ^u to leave !m4 ,x may be admitt$ aga91 t1 9 proportion z we h endeav\r$ to foll[ ! div9e comm&s1 z conta9$ 9 ! sacr$ writ+s1 & z we h foll[$ ^! ?r\gh fai?1 fe>less ( ! op9ions & p]secutions ( m51 s z to h become suff]]s = ! tru?1 we %all h less fe> or m c\rage1 :5 we suppose ! h\r ( our dissolution to be approa*+4 ,n[1 )\t mak+ any invidu\s comp>isons1 ,i ?9k x w foll[ f h5ce1 :5 we consid] ! ,quak]s to be p]sons ( ackn[l$g$ moral "*1 :5 we "k t !y d5y !mselves = ! sake ( becom+ pur] be+s1 ! ord9>y pleasures & gratifications ( ! _w1 & :5 almo/ daily exp]i5ce te/ifies to u1 t !y pref] be>+ _! te/imony1 or suff]+ z a ,*ri/ian body1 to a compliance ) cu/oms1 :i* !y conceive ! ,*ri/ian religion to disapprove1 t !y w h z fair pret5sions to c\rage 9 ! h\r ( dea?1 z any o!r p1 z a body1 f ! same causes4 ,!re are o!r circum/ances1 h[ev]1 :i* may be tak5 into consid]ation 9 ?is acc\nt1 &1 9 look+ ov] ^!1 ,i f9d none ( m importance ?an ^? :i* relate to ! religi\s cre$s :i* may be pr(ess$ by individuals or communities ( m54 ,mu*1 9 ! fir/ place1 w dep5d ^u ! circum/ance1 h[ f> m5 are d\btful & wav]+ 9 _! cre$s1 or h[ f> !y dep5d ^u o!rs = _! fai?1 or h[ f>1 9 consequ5ce ( reason+ or feel+1 !y dep5d ^u !mselves4 ,if _! cre$s are n 9 _! own p[]1 !y w be liable to be tr\bl$ ) e w9d ( doctr9e t bl[s1 & to be unhappy1 :5 ! ?\ght ( _! dissolution is br\ght be=e !m4 ,b ! ,quak]s1 hav+ brok5 ! p[] or dom9ion ( ! prie/hood1 :at t]rors c fanaticism hold out to !m1 :i* %all appal _! c\rage 9 _! lat] h\rs8 ,x is also ( great importance to m5 :at may be ! nature ( _! cre$s4 ,"s cre$s are unque/ionably m com=table to ! m9d ?an o!rs4 ,to ^?1 :o believe 9 ! doctr9e ( election & reprobation1 & imag9e !mselves to be ( ! elect1 no cre$ c give great] c\rage 9 ! h\r ( dea?2 & to ^? :o ei!r d\bt or despair ( _! election1 none c inspire m fe>4 ,b ! ,quak]s1 on ! o!r h&1 enc\rage ! doctr9e ( p]fection1 or t all may d ! w ( ,god1 if !y att5d to ! monitions ( 8 grace4 ,!y believe t ,god is good1 & j1 & m]ciful2 t he visits all ) a view to ?is p]fection )\t exception ( p]sons2 t he enables all1 ?r\gh ! sacrifice ( ,*ri/1 to be sav$2 & t he w make an all[ance = all accord+ to 8 attributes2 = t he is n will+ t any %\ld p]i%1 b t all %\ld inh]it et]nal life4 ,,*ap4 ,,ix4 ,la/ good trait is t ( punctuality to words & engagem5ts--,?is probable f ! op]ation ( all ^? pr9ciples1 :i* h produc$ = ! ,quak]s ! "* ( a moral p--& f ! op]ation ( _! discipl9e4 ,! la/ good trait1 :i* ,i %all notice 9 ! "* ( ! ,quak]s1 is t ( punctuality to _! words & engagem5ts4 ,?is is a v anci5t trait4 ,judge ,=/] ent]ta9$ ?is op9ion ( ,george ,fox1 t if he w\ld cons5t to give 8 ^w = 8 appe>ance1 he w\ld keep x4 ,tru/$ to g at l>ge )\t any bail1 & solely on 8 b>e ^w1 t he w\ld be =? com+ on a giv5 day1 he nev] violat$ 8 promise4 ,& he 0 kn[n also to c>ry 8 own commitm5t himself4 ,9 ^? days also1 x 0 n unusual = ,quak]s to c>ry _! own w>rants1 unaccompani$ by con/ables or o!rs1 :i* 7 to consign !m to a prison4 ,b x 0 n only 9 matt]s :i* relat$ to ! laws ( ! l&1 :]e ! e>ly ,quak]s held _! words & engagem5ts sacr$4 ,?is trait 0 rem>k$ to be true ( !m 9 _! conc]ns 9 trade4 ,on _! fir/ appe>ance z a society1 !y suff]$ z tradesm51 because o!rs1 displeas$ ) ! peculi>ity ( _! mann]s1 )drew _! cu/om f _! %ops4 ,b 9 a little "t1 ! great outcry aga9/ !m 01 t !y got ! trade ( ! c\ntry into _! h&s4 ,?is outcry arose 9 "p f a /rict execution ( all comm]cial appo9tm5ts & agreem5ts betwe5 !m & o!rs1 & because !y nev] ask$ two prices = ! commodities :i* !y sold4 ,& ! same "* atta*es to !m z a comm]cial body1 ?\gh !re may be individual exceptions1 at ! pres5t day4 ,nei!r has ?is trait be5 conf9$ to !m z ! inhabitants ( _! own c\ntry4 ,!y h c>ri$ x ) !m :]ev] !y h gone4 ,! treaty ( ,william ,p5n 0 nev] violat$4 ,& ! e/imation1 :i* ! ,indians put ^u ! ^w ( ?is great man & 8 companions1 cont9ues to be put by !m ^u t ( ! mod]n ,quak]s 9 ,am]ica1 s t !y n[ come 9 deputations1 out ( _! own settlem5ts1 to consult !m on important occasions4 ,! exi/5ce ( ?is trait is probable bo? f g5]al & f p>ticul> consid]ations4 ,if1 = example1 any numb] ( pr9ciples %\ld h act$ s =cibly & 9 su* a mann] ^u individuals1 z to h procur$ = !m z a body ! reputation ( a moral p1 !y mu/ h produc$ 9 !m a disposition to keep _! fai?4#cg ,footnote #cg3 ,?is "* 0 giv5 by ,pl9y to ! fir/ ,*ri/ians4 ,!y 7 to avoid fraud1 !ft1 & adult]y4 ,!y 7 nev] to d5y any tru/1 :5 requir$ to deliv] x up1 nor to falsify _! ^w on any occasion4 ,b ! discipl9e ( ! ,quak]s has a direct t5d5cy to produce ?is feature 9 _! "*1 & to make x an app5dage ( ,quak]ism4 ,= punctuality to words & engagem5ts is a subject ( "o ( ! p]iodical enquiries4 ,x is !re=e publicly h&$ to ! notice ( ! memb]s1 z a ,*ri/ian virtue1 t is expect$ ( !m1 9 _! public meet+s = discipl9e4 ,& any violation 9 ?is respect w\ld be deem$ a brea*1 & cognizable z su*1 ( ! ,quak] laws4 ,,*ap4 ,x4 ,imp]fect traits 9 ! ,quak] "*--,"s ( ^! may be call$ intellectually defective traits--,fir/ imputation ( ?is k9d is1 t ! ,quak]s are defici5t 9 le>n+ comp>$ ) o!r p--,?is trait n improbable on acc\nt ( _! devotion to trade--& on acc\nt ( _! controv]sies & notions ab\t human le>n+--& ( o!r causes4 ,! _w1 :ile x has giv5 to ! ,quak]s z a body1 z x w h n[ appe>$1 a m ?an ord9>y %>e ( virtue1 has n be5 )\t ! belief t !re are blemi%es 9 _! "*4 ,:at ^! traits or blemi%es are1 may be collect$ p>tly f books1 p>tly f conv]sation1 & p>tly f vulg> say+s4 ,!y are divisible into two k9ds1 into intellectually defective1 & into morally defective traits2 ! =m] relat+ to ! und]/&+1 ! latt] to ! he>t4 ,! fir/ ( ! intellectually defective traits consi/s 9 ! imputation1 t ! ,quak]s are defici5t 9 ! cultivation ( ! intellect ( _! *ildr51 or t1 :5 !y gr[ up 9 life1 !y are f\nd to h less k ?an o!rs 9 ! high] bran*es ( le>n+4 ,by ?is ,i mean1 t !y are und]/ood to h b a mod]ate classical education1 to "k b little ( ! diff]5t bran*es ( philosophy1 & to h1 ^u ! :ole1 less v>iety ( k ?an o!rs ( _! c\ntrym5 9 ! correspond+ /ations ( life4 ,?is trait seems to h orig9at$ ) ! _w 9 two suppos$ facts4 ,! fir/ is1 t !re has nev] be5 any lit]>y writ] ( em95ce born 9 ! society1 ,p5n1 ,b>clay & o!rs hav+ come into x by conv9cem5t1 & br\ght _! le>n+ ) !m4 ,! second is1 t ! society has nev] yet furni%$ a philosoph]1 or produc$ any mat]ial discov]y4 ,x is r a common rem>k1 t if ! education ( o!rs _h be5 z limit$ z t ( ! ,quak]1 we %\ld h be5 probably at ?is day )\t a ,newton1 & might h be5 /rang]s to ^? great discov]ies1 :e!r ( ! art ( navigation1 or ( ! circulation ( ! blood1 or ( any o!r k9d1 :i* h prov$ s em95tly useful to ! com=t1 heal?1 & safety ( _m ( ! human race4 ,?is trait w be true1 or x w be false1 z x is appli$ to ! diff]5t classes1 :i* may be f\nd 9 ! society ( ! ,quak]s4 ,! poor1 :o belong to x1 are all taught to read1 & are !re=e bett] educat$ ?an ! poor belong+ to o!r bodies ( m54 ,!y :o spr+ f p>5ts ^: situation does n entitle !m to rank ) ! middle class1 b yet keeps !m out ( ! =m]1 are g5]ally educat$1 by ! help ( a#ch subscription1 at ,ackwor? s*ool1 & may be said to h m s*ool le>n+ ?an o!rs 9 a simil> situation 9 life4 ,! re/1 :atev] may be _! situation1 are educat$ :olly at ! exp5ce ( _! p>5ts1 :o s5d !m ei!r to private ,quak] sem9>ies1 or to s*ools 9 ! neighb\rhood1 z !y judge x to be conv5i5t or prop]4 ,x is ^u ?is body ( ! ,quak]s t ! imputation c only fall2 & z f> z ^! are conc]n$1 ,i ?9k x may be said ) tru?1 t !y possess a less portion ( :at is usually call$ lib]al k ?an o!rs 9 a correspond+ /ation 9 life4 ,!re may be "h & !re a good classical1 or a good ma!matical s*ol>4 ,b 9 g5]al !re are b few ,quak]s1 :o excel 9 ^! bran*es ( le>n+4 ,i ought1 h[ev]1 to add1 t ?is "* is n likely to rema9 long ) ! society4 ,= ! "y ,quak]s ( ! pres5t day seem to me to be s5sible ( ! inf]iority ( _! own education1 & to be mak+ an attempt t[>ds ! improvem5t ( _! m9ds1 by engag+ 9 ^?1 :i* are ! mo/ ent]ta9+1 in/ructive1 & useful1 ,i mean1 philosophical pursuits4 ,footnote #ch3 ,_! p>5ts pay a small annual sum t[>ds _! bo>d & clo?+4 ,! re/ is made up by a subscription among ! society1 & by ! funds ( ! s*ool4 ,t defici5cy 9 lit]ature & sci5ce is likely to be a trait 9 ! "* ( ! ,quak]s1 we may pron\nce1 if we take into consid]ation circum/ances :i* h happ5$1 & notions :i* h prevail$1 9 ?is society4 ,! ,quak]s1 l ! ,jews ( old1 :e!r !y be ri* or poor1 are br\ght up1 9 ob$i5ce to _! own laws1 to "s employm5t4 ,!y are call$ ( c\rse at an e>ly age f _! books4 ,x _c !re=e be expect$ ( !m1 t !y %\ld possess ! same lit]>y "* z ^? :o sp5d ye>s at our univ]sities1 or ^: "t is n tak5 up by ! conc]ns ( trade4 ,x happ5s also 9 ?is society1 t p]sons ( ! poor & middle classes are frequ5tly ?r\gh indu/ry becom+ ri*4 ,:ile ^! 7 ga9+ b a mod]ate support1 !y gave _! *ildr5 b a mod]ate education4 ,b :5 !y came into possession ( a great] sub/ance1 _! *ildr5 _h f9i%$ _! education1 hav+ gr[n up to m54 ,! anci5t controv]sy too1 relative to ! necessity ( human le>n+ z a qualification = m9i/]s ( ! ,gospel1 has be5 detrim5tal to ! promotion ( lit]ature & sci5ce among ! ,quak]s4 ,?is controv]sy 0 ma9ta9$ ) great w>m? & ob/9acy on bo? sides1 t is1 by ! e>ly ,quak]s1 :o 7 m5 ( le>n+1 on ! "o h&1 & by ! div9es ( our univ]sities on ! o!r4 ,! less le>n$ 9 ! society1 :o read ?is controv]sy1 did n make ! prop] di/9ction conc]n+ x4 ,!y 7 s int]e/$ 9 keep+ up ! doctr9e1 t le>n+ 0 n necess>y = ! prie/hood1 t !y seem$ to h =gott5 t x 0 necess>y at all4 ,h5ce k began to be cri$ d[n 9 ! society2 & ?\gh ! proposition 0 always meant to be true ) respect to ! prie/hood only1 yet _m mi/ook or conf\nd$ its mean+1 s t !y gave _! *ildr5 b a limit$ education on t acc\nt4 ,! op9ions also ( ! ,quak]s relative to classical au?ors1 h be5 ano!r cause ( imp$+ 9 "s degree _! progress 9 le>n+1 t is1 9 ! classical "p ( x4 ,!y believe ^! to h inculcat$ a sy/em ( morality frequ5tly repugnant to t ( ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,& ! ,hea!n my?ology1 :i* is connect$ ) _! writ+s1 & :i* is fabul\s ?r\gh\t1 !y conceive to h dissem9at$ romantic notions among y\?1 & to h made !m famili> ) fictions1 to ! prejudice ( an un%ak5 devot$ness to ! love ( tru?4 ,,*ap4 ,,xi4 ,second trait is1 t !y are a sup]/iti\s p--,circum/ances t h giv5 bir? to ?is trait--,quak]ism1 :]e x is und]/ood1 is seldom *>geable ) sup]/ition--,:]e x is misund]/ood1 x leads to x--,subjects 9 :i* x may be misund]/ood are ^? ( ! prov9ce ( ! ,_s--& ( dress & language--,evils to be misappreh5d$ f a misund]/&+ ( ! =m] subject4 ,x may seem wond]ful at fir/ sight1 t p]sons1 :o h disc>d$ an undue v5]ation = ! sa9ts1 & ! sa9ts days1 & ! relics ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic religion1 :o h _h ! resolution to reject ! c]emonials ( ,prote/ants1 su* z baptism & ! sacram5t ( ! supp]1 & :o h brok5 ! t]rors ( ! dom9ion ( ! prie/hood1 %\ld1 ( all o!rs1 be *>geable ) sup]/ition4 ,b s x is4 ,! _w has c]ta9ly fix$ ^u !m ! "* ( a sup]/iti\s p4 ,"u ?is epi!t mu* is includ$4 ,x is und]/ood t ,quak]s are m ready ?an o!rs to receive my/ical doctr9es1 m apt to believe 9 m>vell\s appe>ances m will+ to place virtue 9 circum/ances1 :]e _m w\ld place imposition2 & t1 indep5d5tly ( all ?is1 !y are m scrupul\s ) respect to ! propriety ( _! ord9>y movem5ts1 wait+ = religi\s impulses1 :5 no su* impulses are expect$ by o!r religi\s p4 ,?is trait ( sup]/ition is an anci5t trait 9 ! "* ( ! ,quak]s1 & has aris5 f ! foll[+ causes4 ,x has be5 long imag9$1 t :]e a p devote !mselves s exclusively to ! influ5ce ( ! ,_s z ! ,quak]s appe> to d1 !y w n be suffici5tly on _! gu>d to make ! prop] di/9ctions betwe5 imag9ation & revelation1 & t !y w be apt to conf\nd impressions1 & to br+ ! div9e ,_s out ( its prop] sph]e into ! ord9>y occurr5ces ( _! lives4 ,& 9 ?is op9ion ! _w consid]s itself to h be5 confirm$ by an expression said to h be5 long 9 use among ,quak]s1 :i* is1 t !y w d su* & su* ?+s if !y h lib]ty to d !m4 ,n[ by ?is expression ! ,quak]s may mean only1 t all human ?+s are s unc]ta91 & s _m un=ese5 ev5ts may happ51 t !y d>e make no promises1 b !y w d ! ?+s 9 "q if no ob/acle %\ld arise to prev5t !m4 ,& ?is caution 9 language runs ?r\gh ! :ole society2 = !y seldom promise b provisionally 9 any case4 ,b ! _w has int]pret$ ! expression diff]5tly1 & ma9ta9s t ! ,quak]s mean by x1 t !y w d su* & su* ?+s1 if !y feel t !y h lib]ty or p]mission f ! ,_s ( ,god4 ,two o!r circum/ances1 :i* h giv5 bir? to ?is trait 9 ! "* ( ! ,quak]s1 are ! s+ul>ities ( _! dress & language4 ,= :5 !y are spok5 ( by ! _w1 !y are usually m5tion$ "u ! "n ( ! idolatry or sup]/ition ( ! ,quak] language1 or ! idolatry or sup]/ition ( ! ,quak] dress4 ,n[ ?is trait1 :i* has orig9at$ 9 ! ?ree causes t h be5 m5tion$1 is consid]$ by ! _w to h be5 /ill m confirm$ by a circum/ance :i* happ5$ b a few ye>s ago1 namely1 t :5 animal magnetism 0 9 fa%ion1 !re 7 m ( ?is society work$ ^u by ^! delusions1 ?an ( any o!r4 ,) respect to ! tru? ( ?is trait1 ,i believe x _c easily be made out1 z = z animal magnetism is conc]n$4 ,= ?\gh und\bt$ly !re 7 ,quak]s s sup]/iti\s z to be l$ away on ?is occasion1 yet !y 7 v few 9 numb]1 & n m 9 proportion ?an o!rs ( o!r religi\s d5om9ations4 ,! conduct ( ^! 0 also consid]$ z repreh5sible by ! society at l>ge1 & "s pa9s 7 tak5 to conv9ce !m ( _! error1 & ( ! unsuitabl5ess ( su* doctr9es ) ! religion !y pr(ess$4 ,) respect to ! tru? ( ?is trait1 z x may h exi/$ on o!r occasions1 x may be laid d[n z a position g5]ally true1 t :]e ,quak]s und]/& _! own con/itution1 x c h no place among !m4 ,b :]e !y d n und]/& x1 !re are few p among :om x is m likely to exi/1 z we may see f ! foll[+ acc\nt4 ,x is ! doctr9e ( ,quak]ism on ! subject ( ! ,_s1 t x is an infallible guide to m5 9 _! spiritual conc]ns4 ,b ,i d n see :]e x is ass]t$ by any ( ! ,quak] writ]s1 t x is to be a guide to man 9 all ! temporal conc]ns ( 8 life1 or t he is to depreciate ! value ( human reason4 ,george ,fox 0 v appreh5sive t ev5 9 matt]s ( religion1 :i* con/itute ! imm$iate prov9ce ( ! div9e ,_s1 m5 might mi/ake _! own en?usia/ic feel+s = revelation2 & he c5sur$ "s1 to use 8 own expression1 = hav+ gone out into imag9ations4 ,! society also h be5 appreh5sive ( ! same consequ5ces4 ,h5ce "o among o!r reasons = ! in/itution ( ! (fice ( eld]s4 ,x is ! duty ( ^! to wat* ov] ! doctr9e ( ! m9i/]s to see t !y prea* s\ndly1 & t !y d n mi/ake _! own imag9ations = ! ,_s ( ,god1 & mix 8 wisdom ) ! wayw>dness ( _! own wills4 ,!y !re=e1 :o believe 9 ! doctr9e ( ! ag5cy ( ! ,_s1 & at ! same "t 9 ! necessity ( great caution & wat*fulness t !y may n conf\nd its op]ations ) t ( _! own fancies1 w nev] incur ! *>ge1 :i* has be5 br\ght aga9/ ! body at l>ge4 ,b if !re are o!rs1 on ! o!r h&1 :o give !mselves up to ?is ag5cy )\t ! necess>y caution1 !y w gradually mix _! impressions1 & w1 9 "t1 ref] mo/ ( !m to ! same s\rce4 ,!y w br+ ! ,div9e ,be+ by degrees out ( 8 spiritual prov9ce1 & introduce him into all ! trivial & wor?less conc]ns ( _! lives4 ,h5ce a belief w arise1 :i* _c fail ( b9d+ _! m9ds 9 ! *a9s ( delusion & sup]/ition4 ,x is ! doctr9e ( ,quak]ism aga9 on ! subject ( dress1 t pla9ness & simplicity are requir$ ( ^? :o pr(ess ! ,*ri/ian "*2 t any deviation f ^! is unw>rantable1 if x be made on ! plea ( con=mity to ! fa%ions ( ! _w2 t su* deviation bespeaks ! beg9n+ ( an un/able m9d2 &1 if n notic$1 may lead into _m evils4 ,!y !re=e1 :o consid] dress 9 ?is po9t ( view1 w nev] fall into any errors ( m9d 9 _! contemplation ( ?is subject4 ,b if !re are memb]s1 on ! o!r h&1 :o place virtue 9 ! col\r & %ape ( _! cloa?+1 z "s ( ! ,jews did 9 ! broad phylact]ies on _! g>m5ts1 !y w place x 9 lifeless appe>ances & =ms1 & br+ _! m9ds "u vassalage to a false religion4 ,& 9 ! same mann] x may be obs]v$ ) respect to language1 t if p]sons 9 ! society lay an undue /ress ^u x1 t is1 if !y believe tru? or falsehood to exi/ inh]5tly 9 lifeless words1 & ?is contr>y to ! s5se 9 :i* !y "k !y w be und]/ood by ! _w1 s t !y d>e n pron\nce !m = religion's sake1 !y w be 9 dang] ( plac+ religion :]e x is n1 & ( fall+ into errors conc]n+ x1 :i* w be d5om9at$ sup]/ition by ! _w4 ,z ,i am n[ on ! subject ( sup]/ition1 z capable ( aris+ f ! ?ree causes t h be5 m5tion$1 ,i %all dwell = a %ort "t on "s ( ! evils :i* may arise f "o ( !m1 or f a misund]/&+ ( ! doctr9e ( ! ag5cy ( ! ,_s4 ,i believe x possible1 9 ! fir/ place1 = ^? :o receive ?is doctr9e )\t ! prop] limitations1 t is1 = ^? :o attribute e ?+ exclusively to ! ,_s ( ,god1 & :o draw no l9e betwe5 revelation & ! sugge/ions ( _! own w1 to be guilty ( evil actions & to make ! ,div9e ,be+ ! au?or ( !m all4 ,i h no d\bt1 = example1 t _m ( ^?1 :o engag$ 9 ! crusades1 consid]$ !mselves z l$ into !m by ! ,_s ( ,god4 ,b :at true ,quak]1 9 ^! days1 w\ld wi% to make ! ,almighty ! au?or ( all ! blood%$ 9 ! w>s t 7 und]tak5 on ?is acc\nt8 ,! same may be said ) respect to m>tyrdoms4 ,= !re is reason to believe1 t _m :o 7 in/rum5tal 9 %$d+ ! blood ( _! fell[-creatures1 because !y happ5$ to diff] f !m 9 religi\s op9ion1 conceiv$ t !y 7 actuat$ by ! div9e ,_s1 & t !y 7 do+ ,god s]vice1 & aid+ ! cause ( religion by _! conduct on su* occasions4 ,b :at true ,quak] w\ld believe t ! ,fa!r ( ju/ice & m]cy 0 ! au?or ( ^! bloody p]secutions1 or t1 if m5 7 n[ to feel an impulse 9 _! own m9ds to any p>ticul> action1 !y ought to obey x1 if x 7 to lead !m to d evil t good might come8 ,! same may be said ) respect to _m ( ! bad laws1 :i* are to be f\nd 9 ! codes ( ! diff]5t nations ( ! _w4 ,legislators no d\bt h (t5 ?\ght !mselves spiritually guid$ :5 !y made !m4 ,& judges1 :o h be5 rem>kable = appeal+ to ! div9e ,_s 9 ! c\rse ( _! lives1 h made no hesitation to execute !m4 ,?is 0 p>ticul>ly ! case ) ,sir ,mat!w ,hale4 ,if !re be any "o1 ^: writ+s speak a m ?an ord9>y belief 9 ! ag5cy ( ! ,_s ( ,god1 x is ?is great & e/imable man4 ,?is _s he consult$ n only 9 ! spiritual1 b 9 ! temporal conc]ns1 ( 8 life4 ,& yet he s5t5c$ to dea? a numb] ( p]sons1 because !y 7 reput$ to be wit*es4 ,b :at true ,quak] believes 9 wit*craft8 or does he n r believe1 t ! ,_s ( ,god1 x rightly und]/ood1 w\ld h prote/$ aga9/ condemnation = a crime1 :i* does n exi/8 ,b ! mis*ief1 if a prop] di/9ction be n made betwe5 ! ag5cy ( ! ,_s & t ( ! w ( man1 may spread f>!r1 & may rea* ! man himself1 & become injuri\s bo? to 8 heal?1 8 intellect1 & 8 usefulness1 & ! ,div9e ,be+ may be made aga9 ! au?or ( x all4 ,_m1 we all "k1 not)/&+ _! c>e & att5tion1 h f\nd t !y h gone wrong 9 _! affairs 9 v>i\s in/ances ( _! lives1 t is1 ev5ts h %ewn t !y h tak5 a wrong c\rse4 ,b if !re be ^? :o suppose !mselves 9 ^! in/ances to h be5 act$ ^u by ! ,_s or ,god1 :at is m likely ?an t !y may imag9e t !y h lo/ 8 fav\r1 & t look+ ^u !mselves z driv5 by him into ! wrong road1 !y may fall into ! belief1 t !y are among ! condemn$ reprobate1 & p9e away1 depriv$ ( _! s5ses1 9 a /ate ( irretrievable mis]y & despair8 ,o!rs aga9 may injure _! heal?1 & dim9i% _! com=t & _! utility 9 ano!r way4 ,& "h ,i may rem>k1 t if ,i h se5 :at ! _w w\ld call sup]/ition among ! ,quak]s1 x has be5 conf9$ pr9cipally to a few females1 ^u ^: con/itution1 m delicate ?an t ( m51 an att5tion to undi/+ui%$ impressions1 br\ght on 9 a c\rse ( "t by a gradual depreciation ( human reason1 has act$ ) consid]able =ce4 ,i fe> t "s ( ^!1 9 ! upright int5tion ( _! he>ts to consult ! ,almighty on all occasions z ! sole arbit] ( e ?+ t is good1 h fo/]$ _! own infirmities1 & gone into retirem5ts s frequ5t1 z to h occasion$ ^! to int]f]e ) ! duties ( dome/ic com=t & social good1 & t !y h be5 at la/ s p]plex$ ) d\bts & an increas+ multitude ( scruples1 t !y h be5 afraid ( do+ _m ?+s1 because !y h n _h a revelation = !m4 ,! /ate ( su* wor?y p]sons is mu* to be piti$4 ,:at mu/ be _! feel+s "u su* a conflict1 :5 !y are des]t$ by human reason8 ,:at an effect w n su* religi\s d\bts & p]plexities h ^u _! heal?8 ,:at imp$im5ts d !y n ?r[ 9 ! way ( _! own utility8 ,i %\ld be sorry if by any obs]vations1 su* z ! prec$+1 ,i %\ld be ?\ght to c5sure any "o = ! morality ( 8 feel+s4 ,& /ill m sorry %\ld ,i be1 if ,i 7 to be ?\ght to h any int5tion ( d]ogat+ f ! "* ( ! ,supreme ,be+4 ,i am f> f d5y+ 8 omnisci5ce1 = ,i believe t he sees e sp>r[ t falls to ! gr\nd1 & ev5 m1 t he kn[s ! inn]mo/ ?\ghts ( m54 ,i d5y n 8 omnipres5ce1 = ,i believe t he may be se5 9 all 8 works4 ,i d5y nei!r 8 g5]al nor 8 p>ticul> provid5ce1 nor 8 he>+ ( our pray]s1 nor 8 "r direction 9 our spiritual conc]ns1 nor 8 mak+ ( all ?+s "w toge!r = good to ^? :o love him4 ,nei!r d ,i refuse to admit him ei!r into our j\rnies1 or into our walks1 or into our *amb]s1 = he c make all ! ?+s we see subs]vi5t to our moral in/ruction1 & 8 own glory4 ,b ,i %\ld be sorry to h him consid]$ z a clock1 t is to in=m u ab\t ! times ( our ord9>y movem5ts1 or to make him a prompt] 9 all our worldly conc]ns1 or to oblige him to take 8 seat 9 animal magnetism1 or to reside 9 ! mid/ m>vell\s delusions4 ,:y %\ld we expect a revelation 9 ! mo/ trivial conc]ns ( our lives1 :]e our reason w in=m u8 ,:y1 l ! waggon]1 apply to ,jupit]1 :5 we may remove ! difficulty by putt+ our own %\ld]s to ! :eels8 ,if we are reasonable creatures1 we c g5]ally tell1 :e!r we ought to g =w>ds or backw>ds1 or to beg91 or to po/pone1 :e!r our actions are likely to be innoc5t or hurtful1 or :e!r we are go+ on an err& ( b5evol5ce or ( evil4 ,9 fact1 !re c be no necessity = ?is con/ant appeal to ! ,_s 9 all our worldly conc]ns1 :ile we possess our reason z m54 ,& unless "s di/9ction be made betwe5 ! real ag5cy ( ,god & our own volitions1 :i* di/9ction true ,quak]ism sugge/s1 we %all be liable to be toss$ to & fro by e w9d t bl[s1 & to become ! creatures ( a sup]/ition1 t may lead u into great public evils1 :ile x may be injuri\s to our heal? & intellect1 & to ! happ9ess & utility ( our lives4 ,,*ap4 ,,xii4 ,morally defective traits--,fir/ ( ^! is t ( ob/9acy--,?is 0 atta*$ also to ! e>ly ,*ri/ians--,no j f\ndation = ! exi/5ce ( ?is trait4 ,i come n[ to ! consid]ation ( ^? :i* ,i h d5om9at$ morally defective traits4 ,! fir/ trait ( ?is k9d1 :i* is atta*$ to ! "* ( ! ,quak]s1 is t ( an ob/9ate _s4 ,?is trait is a v anci5t "o4 ,x 0 obs]v$ 9 ! "t ( ,george ,fox1 ( ! memb]s ( ?is society1 t !y 7 z /iff z trees1 & ?is idea conc]n+ !m has come d[n to ! pres5t day4 ,! orig9 ( ?is trait mu/ be obvi\s to all4 ,! ,quak]s1 z we h se51 w nei!r pay ti!s1 nor p]=m milit>y s]vice1 nor illum9ate _! h\ses1 l o!r p1 ?\gh !y are sure ( suff]+ by _! refusal to comply ) cu/om 9 ^! cases4 ,n[1 :5 individuals1 few 9 numb]1 become s+ul>1 & diff] f ! _w at l>ge1 x is g5]ally consid]$ t ! majority are 9 ! "r1 & t ! m9ority are 9 ! wrong4 ,b ob/9acy may be def9$ to be a p]sev]ance 9 t :i* is g5]ally consid]$ to be wrong4 ,?is epi!t has atta*$1 & w atta* to ^? :o resi/ ! popul> op9ion1 till m5 are bett] educat$1 or till !y lose _! prejudices1 or h m correct & lib]al notions on religion4 ,! e>ly ,*ri/ians 7 !mselves accus$ ( ob/9acy1 & ?is ev5 by ! enlight5$ ,pl9y4 ,he tells1 u1 t !y w\ld n use w9e & frank9c5se be=e ! /atues ( ! emp]ors2 & t !re 0 no "q t = su* ob/9acy !y des]v$ puni%m5t4#ci ,footnote #ci3 ,p]vicaciam c]te et inflexibitem ob/9ationem deb]e puniri4 ,9 judg+ ( ! tru? ( ?is trait1 two qu]ies w arise4 ,fir/1 :e!r ! ,quak]s1 9 adh]+ rigidly to ^? s+ul>ities :i* h produc$ x1 are really wrong z a body ( ,*ri/ians8 ,&1 secondly1 :e!r !y d n consci5ti\sly believe !mselves to be "r8 ,9 ! case ( ! e>ly ,*ri/ians1 :i* has be5 m5tion$1 we1 :o live at ?is day1 h no d\bt t ,pl9y put a false e/imate on _! "*4 ,we believe !m to h done _! duty1 & we believe also t !y consid]$ !mselves z do+ x1 :5 !y refus$ div9e hon\rs to ! emp]ors4 ,& ! action1 !re=e1 :i* ,pl9y d5om9at$ ob/9acy1 w\ld1 if x _h be5 left to u to "n x1 h be5 call$ inflexible virtue1 z aris+ out ( a s5se ( ! obligations impos$ ^u !m by ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,9 ! same mann] we may argue ) respect to ! ,quak]s4 ,:o1 = example1 if he w try to dive/ himself ( ! prejudices ( cu/om1 & ( ! policy ( ! _w1 feels su* a consci\sness ( 8 own p[]s z positively to pron\nce1 t ! notions ( ! ,quak]s are utt]ly false1 z to ! illicitness ( w>s "u ! ,*ri/ian sy/em8 ,! argum5ts ( ! ,quak]s on ?is subject are q z good1 9 my appreh5sion1 z any t ,i h he>d advanc$ on ! o!r side ( ! "q4 ,^! argum5ts too are unque/ionably mu* m hon\rable to ,*ri/ianity1 & mu* m consi/5t ) ! nature & design ( ! ,gospel disp5sation4 ,!y are support$ also by ! belief & ! practice ( ! e>lie/ ,*ri/ians4 ,!y are argum5ts aga91 :i* h sugge/$ !mselves to _m good m51 :o 7 n ,quak]s1 & :i* h occasion$ d\bts 9 "s in/ances1 & conviction 9 o!rs1 aga9/ ! prejudice ( education & ! dom9ion ( cu/om4 ,& if ! ev5t %\ld ev] come to pass1 :i* mo/ ,*ri/ians expect1 t m5 w "o day or o!r turn _! swords & _! spe>s into pl\gh%>es & prun+-hooks1 !y1 :o live 9 t day1 w applaud ! p]sev]ance ( ! ,quak]s 9 ?is case1 & weep ov] ! ob/9acy & inconsi/5cy ( ^? :o combat$ _! op9ions4 ,b ! great "q aft] all is1 :e!r ! ,quak]s believe !mselves 9 ?is or 9 any o!r ( _! religi\s scruples1 to be "r1 z a ,*ri/ian body8 ,if !re are ^? among !m :o d n1 !y give into ! cu/oms ( ! _w1 & ei!r leave ! society !mselves1 or become dis[n$4 ,x is !re=e only a fair & a j presumption1 t all ^? :o cont9ue 9 ! society1 & :o keep up to ^! scruples to ! detrim5t ( _! worldly int]e/1 believe !mselves to be "r4 ,b ?is belief ( _! own rectitude1 ev5 if !y %\ld happ5 to be wrong1 is religion to !m1 & ought to be e/imat$ s by u 9 matt]s 9 :i* an int]pretation ( ,gospel pr9ciples is conc]n$4 ,?is is b an homage due to consci5ce1 aft] all ! blood t has be5 %$ 9 ! c\rse ( ,*ri/ian p]secutions1 & aft] all ! religi\s light t has be5 diffus$ among u s9ce ! re=mation ( our religion4 ,,*ap4 ,,xiii4 ,,sect4 ,i4 ,next trait is t ( a money-gett+ _s--,probability ( ! tru? ( ?is trait exam9$--,an undue eag]ness aft] money n unlikely to be (t5 ! result ( ! frugal & comm]cial habits ( ! society--b n to ! ext5t1 z insi/$ on by ! _w--,?is eag]ness1 :]ev] x exi/s1 seldom *>geable ) av>ice4 ,! next trait 9 ! "* ( ! ,quak]s is t ( a money-gett+ _s1 or ( a devot$ness to ! acquisition ( money 9 _! sev]al call+s & conc]ns4 ,?is "* is consid]$ z belong+ s g5]ally to ! individuals ( ?is society1 t x is held by ! _w to be almo/ insep>able f ,quak]ism4 ,a c]ta9 writ] has rem>k$1 t !y foll[ _! conc]ns 9 pursuit ( ri*es1 ) a /ep z /eady z "t1 & ) an appetite z ke5 z dea?4 ,i d n "k :at circum/ances h giv5 bir? to ?is trait4 ,t ! ,quak]s are a ?riv+ body we "k4 ,t !y may also appe>1 :5 kn[n to be a dome/ic p1 & to h disc>d$ ! amusem5ts ( ! _w1 to be m 9 _! %ops & c\nt+-h\ses ?an o!rs1 is probable4 ,& x is n unlikely1 t1 9 consequ5ce ( ?is appe>ance1 connect$ ) ?is worldly prosp]ity1 !y may be ?\ght to be m int5t ?an o!rs ^u ! promotion ( _! pecuni>y conc]ns4 ,!re are circum/ances1 h[ev]1 belong+ to ! "* & cu/oms ( ! society1 :i* w\ld lead to an opposite conclusion4 ,! ,quak]s1 9 ! fir/ place1 are ackn[l$g$ to be a *>itable p4 ,b if s1 !y ought n to be *>g$1 at lea/1 ) t species ( ! money-gett+ _s1 :i* am\nts to av>ice4 ,x is also an und\bt$ fact1 t !y give up no small portion ( _! "t1 & put !mselves to no small exp5ce1 on acc\nt ( _! religion4 ,9 c\ntry places !y allot "o morn+ 9 ! week1 & 9 ! t[ns g5]ally two1 besides ! ,sunday1 to _! religi\s wor%ip4 ,!y h also _! mon?ly meet+s1 & aft] ^! _! qu>t]ly1 to att5d1 on acc\nt ( _! discipl9e4 ,& ?is !y d frequ5tly at a great di/ance1 & aft] a consid]able abs5ce z tradesm51 f _! homes4 ,i d n mean to ins9uate by ?is latt] in/ance1 t m5 become pi\s1 & !re=e pro( aga9/ ! influ5ce ( money1 exactly 9 proportion z !y att5d _! religi\s meet+s1 b t1 :]e !y are voraci\sly int5t ^u ! gett+ ( money1 !y c\ld h>dly be expect$ to make su* a sacrifice ( _! "t4 ,b :atev] may be ! appe>ance on ei!r side1 ! "q is1 :e!r ! imputation ( ! trait1 :i* is n[ "u our consid]ation1 be f\nd$ 9 fact4 ,:at circum/ances make 9 fav\r ( x8 ,:at circum/ances make aga9/ x8 ,& :i* ( ^! prepond]ate on ! :ole8 ,we may say !n1 at ! fir/ sight1 t ! precepts ( ,quak]ism make decid$ly aga9/ x4 ,& we may say aga91 t x ought to be expect$1 t all ^? pr9ciples & circum/ances1 :i* h an influ5ce 9 ! production ( moral "*1 or ( su* a "* z belongs to ! ,quak]s z a body1 %\ld "w toge!r ei!r t[>ds its prev5tion or its cure4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if we exam9e ! situation ( ! society1 we %all f9d circum/ances1 ! op]ation ( :i* is directly 9 fav\r ( su* a trait4 ,& fir/1 9 look+ into ! human he>t1 we seem to discov] a circum/ance1 :i*1 on acc\nt ( ! situation allud$ to1 may op]ate z a spr+ 9 produc+ x4 ,m51 g5]ally speak+1 love consequ5ce4 ,n[ ! ,quak]s1 ?\gh !y h consequ5ce 9 _! own society1 h none 9 ! _w4 ,!y c be nei!r legislators nor magi/rates4 ,!y c take no titles to di/+ui% !m4 ,!y pass !re=e 9 ! _w1 l ! common & undi/+ui%$ h]d1 except f ! circum/ances ( _! dress4 ,b ri*es give all m5 consequ5ce4 ,& x is n cle> to me1 b t ?is circum/ance may h its op]ation on ! m9ds ( "s :o are call$ ,quak]s1 9 contribut+ to ! production ( ! money-gett+ _s1 inasmu* z x may procure !m a portion ( e/imation1 :i* !y _c o!rwise h1 :ile !y rema9 9 _! own body4 ,9 look+ aga9 into ! human he>t1 we f9d ano!r1 & ?is a p[]ful spr+1 connect$ ) ! situation ( ! society1 = ! production ( su* a trait4 ,! ,quak]s1 z ,i h obs]v$ be=e1 are mo/ly 9 trade4 ,n[ !y are g5]ally a s$ate1 ?\ghtful1 sob]1 dilig5t1 & hone/ p4 ,x is n !n too mu* to say1 ) ^! qualifications1 t !y w be z successful 9 trade z o!rs4 ,h5ce _! incomes w be z great1 9 proportion to _! capitals1 z ^? ( o!rs1 f ! same s\rce4 ,b let u look = a mom5t at _! outgo+s4 ,!y nei!r sp5d nor lose _! money at c>ds1 or at horse-races1 or by any o!r species ( gam+4 ,!y d n wa/e _! sub/ance ei!r 9 dr9k+ at tav]ns or at home4 ,n hav+1 9 g5]al1 an enl>g$ education1 or a ta/e = lit]ature1 !y h no exp5sive libr>ies4 ,!y buy no co/ly pa9t+s4 ,!y nei!r p[d] _! hair1 nor dress 9 a spl5did mann]4 ,!y use no extravagant furniture4 ,!y keep no packs ( h\nds = _! div]sion4 ,!y are nev] se5 at ! !atres4 ,!y h nei!r r\tes1 balls1 nor music meet+s4 ,!y h nei!r exp5sive liv]ies nor equipages4 ,h5ce x mu/ foll[1 t _! outgo+s1 z f> z _! liv+ is conc]n$1 _c 9 g5]al be z great z ^? ( o!rs 9 a simil> condition ( life4 ,b if _! inlets are great] ?an _! outlets ( money1 :5 comp>$ ) ^? ( o!r p]sons1 a great] ov]plus ( money beyond ! exp5ces ( liv+1 w be ! con/ant result1 or !re w be a great] increas+ accumulation ( money1 ^u ! :ole1 ?an falls )9 ! possession ( o!rs4 ,n[ a "q arises "h1 f\nd$ on a k ( ! infirmity ( our nature4 ,are m5 likely1 9 g5]al1 con/itut$ z !y are1 to see ! gold5 idol con/antly ris+ 9 dim5sions be=e !m1 & to refra9 front wor%ipp+ x1 or1 are !y likely to see x )\t a corruption ( _! moral vision8 ,x is obs]v$#dj by "o ( ! scriptural writ]s1 ,a m]*ant %all h>dly keep himself f do+ wrong1 & a huck/] %all n be free f s94 ,& :]e is x1 t ?is old say+1 except ! m9d be /rongly =tifi$ by religion1 w n be f\nd equally true 9 ! pres5t1 z 9 =m] times8 ,! tru? is1 t ! old maxim1 ,creseit amor nummi quantum ipsa pecunia creseit1 is a j "o4 ,t is1 x is true1 t ! com+ 9 ( money 9 an undue proportion begets ! love ( x1 t ! love ( money aga9 leads to ! gett+ ( m2 t ! gett+ ( m aga9 g5]ally increases ! =m] love4 ,& h5ce a r\nd is kept up ( circum/ances & feel+s1 till a money-gett+ _s creeps into ! "* ( him1 :o is plac$ 9 a situation s un=tunate = ! purity ( 8 he>t4 ,footnote #dj3 ,ecclesia/icus xxvi4 #bi4 ,^! !n are ! act+ & ! c\nt]act+ circum/ances on bo? sides4 ,:i* ( ! two are likely to be pr$om9ant1 we mu/ conjecture4 ,:5 m5 h become full gr[n ,quak]s1 ! latt] w lose _! p[]4 ,b :]e !y h n 7& x is to be presum$ t !re are _m 9 ! society :o h n rea*$ ?is /ature1 & _m aga9 :o be> only ! "n ( _! pr(ession7 !y w frequ5tly prevail4 ,i own ,i fe> t precepts1 ?\gh !re may be a g5]al moral bias1 w n always be f\nd successful aga9/ ^?1 :i* are consid]$ to be ! mo/ p[]ful ( ! temptations1 to :i* our nature is expos$4 ,i own1 :5 ,i consid] t ! ,quak]s1 9 consequ5ce ( _! comm]cial & frugal habits1 h great] pecuni>y accumulations be=e _! eyes ?an o!rs 9 a simil> condition ( life1 :5 ,i consid] h[ few are able to be> ^! accumulations )\t moral injury to !mselves1 & t ev5 ! e>ly ,*ri/ians began to relax 9 _! "* :5 !y begun to be prosp]\s1 ,i am ( op9ion1 t !re is "s f\ndation f> ! exi/5ce ( su* a _s1 ?\gh n to ! ext5t1 z insi/$ on by ! _w2 or1 t !re is 9 ! society1 not)/&+ ! _m bright & amiable exceptions t are to be f\nd 9 x1 great] eag]ness aft] weal? ?an is consi/5t ) its religi\s pr(ession4 ,& to ?is op9ion ,i am incl9$ f ano!r consid]ation1 :i* _c be ov]look$ 9 ! pres5t case4 ,! book ( ,extracts itself ackn[l$ges ! exi/5ce ( su* a _s1 = x *>act]ises x "u ! "n ( ha/5+ to be ri*1 & x calls x a gr[+ evil4 ,b :5 ,i say t ,i s = acc$e to ! op9ion ( ! _w1 z to all[ t ! money-gett+ _s may be fix$ ^u a "p ( ! society1 ,i feel t ,i ought to make a prop] di/9ction conc]n+ x4 ,i mu/ obs]ve1 t ! money-gett+ _s1 :]ev] x may be *>geable ^u ,quak]s1 seldom belongs to t species :i* is call$ av>ice4 ,x is by no means incongru\s to suppose1 t !re may be 9 ! same p]son an unreasonable love ( money1 & yet a %ew ( b5evol5ce4 ,! money-gett+ _s w h a diff]5t effect1 z x op]ates ^u diff]5t p]sons4 ,^u ^?1 :o h be5 br\ght up 9 an ignorant & unfeel+ mann]1 x w op]ate to make !m ho>d _! sub/ance1 & to keep x exclusively to !mselves4 ,b x w n always h9d] ^? :o h be5 humanely educat$1 ?\gh x may lead !m to unreasonable accumulations1 f disp5s+ a portion ( _! ga9s4 ,9 ! fir/ in/ance x is highly crim9al1 because x keeps ! :ole ( its tal5t 9 a napk94 ,9 ! second1 ?\gh less crim9al1 x is greatly to be deplor$1 b m p>ticul>ly 9 a ,quak]1 :o1 mak+ a high] pr(ession ( ,*ri/ianity ?an _m o!rs1 ought to give to ! _w ! example ( a pur] m9d4 ,,sect4 ,,ii4 ,f>!r obs]vations on ! subject ( ! =m] trait--,practicable me?ods sugge/$ = its extirpation--,^! me?ods n de/ructive1 b promotive1 ( ! temporal int]e/s ( ! memb]s ( ?is society1 & consi/5t ) ! religion !y pr(ess4 ,z ! ,quak]s appe> to me1 9 consequ5ce ( _! comm]cial & frugal habits1 to be 9 dang] ( contract+ a money-gett+ _s1 & z ?is _s is ! wor/ feature t c exi/ 9 ! ,quak] "*1 ,i %all allot a few pages to ! f>!r consid]ation ( ! subject1 ) a view ( ! prev5tion ( su* an evil4 ,t x is ! wor/ feature t c exi/ 9 ! "* ( ! society1 ,i repeat4 ,x is worse ?an a want ( k1 or ?an sup]/ition1 because ^! relate to ! und]/&+1 :ile ?is is conf9$ to ! he>t4 ,x r5d]s ! sy/em ( ! moral education ( ! ,quak]s almo/ nugatory4 ,= :at is ! use ( keep+ ! m9d 9 a /ate ( spiritual purity by means ( prohibitions1 or by attempt+ to %ut x out f ! k ( corruptive amusem5ts1 if x be aft]w>ds to be r5d]$ impure by ! love ( money8 ,x occasions !m aga9 to be> _! te/imony z x 7 aga9/ _! own religion4 ,= a ,quak] is n 9 ! situation ( on ord9>y p]son4 ,he looks ^u himself z a highly pr(ess+ ,*ri/ian2 z "o1 :o is n to con=m to ! fa%ions ( ! _w2 z "o1 :o is to lead a life ( self-d5ial2 z "o1 :o is to g =w>d 9 virtue1 8 belief be+ t ( a possibility ( p]fection ev5 9 ! pres5t life4 ,he consid]s himself too z a repres5tative ( ! e>ly ,*ri/ians1 & holds himself ready to foll[ !m by ! be>+ ( 8 te/imony1 into suff]+1 & ev5 unto dea?4 ,b :at ,*ri/ian c h>b\r a money-gett+ _s1 or be conc]n$ 9 an ext5sive accumulation ( weal?8 ,if a ,quak] !re=e %\ld g into ! common road1 & fall d[n be=e ! idol mammon1 l any o!r ord9>y p]son1 h[ c ! _w give him any pret5sion b to an ord9>y religion8 ,my object 9 ! pres5t consid]ation ( ! subject1 w be to %ew ! ,quak]s 9 g5]al1 & ^? 9 p>ticul> :o may ne$ x1 "s practical cure = ?is evil1 & to conv9ce !m1 t ! mode ( effect+ x w n be detrim5tal to ! temporal int]e/s ( _! families1 b promotive ( _! spiritual1 & consi/5t ) ! religion !y pr(ess4 ,! fir/ me?od1 :i* ,i w\ld recomm5d to ^? :o are 9 trade1 & :o "k _! own habits ( life1 & ! ext5t ( _! families1 w\ld be to fix ^u a c]ta9 sum1 :i* !y may ?9k suffici5t = a future dec5t & mod]ate compet5cy1 & to leave (f bus9ess1 z soon z ?is %\ld be obta9$4 ,su* a /ep w\ld be useful4 ,x w\ld be mak+ room = o!rs to live z well z !mselves4 ,x w\ld be hon\rable1 = x w\ld be g5]\s4 ,& x w\ld op]ate z a c]ta9 prev5tive ( ! money-gett+ _s1 z well z ( ! imputation ( x4 ,= if su* a retreat f trade1 7 laid d[n & kn[n z a g5]al cu/om ( ! society1 ! ,quak]s might bid _! he>ts rise 9 defiance aga9/ ! corruptions ( money1 & _! reputation aga9/ ! clam\rs ( ! _w4 ,?is /ep1 h>d & difficult z x may appe> to ^? :o are ?riv+ 9 ! _w1 is1 not)/&+1 n a novel "o1 if we may judge ei!r by ! example ( _m ( ! pure m9d$ ,*ri/ians ( o!r d5om9ations1 or by t ( _m e/imable p]sons 9 ?is society4 ,john ,woolman1 among _m o!rs1 0 uneasy on acc\nt ( 8 bus9ess gr[+ cumb]some1 = s he expresses x1 le/ x %\ld hurt ! purity ( 8 m9d4 ,& he contract$ x1 leav+ himself only en\gh ( x1 & ?is by ! lab\r ( 8 own h&s1 = a dec5t support4 ,& "h ,i might m5tion o!r individuals ( ?is society1 if ,i _h no objection to (f5d ! liv+ by praise1 :o1 foll[+ 8 example1 h retir$ ^u only a mod]ate compet5cy1 ?\gh 9 ! way ( great accumulations1 = no o!r reason ?an because !y 7 afraid1 le/ su* accumulations %\ld int]f]e ) _! duty1 or injure _! "*1 z ,*ri/ians4 ,b if ?is measure %\ld n be approv$ ( "u an idea t m5 ought to h employm5ts = _! "t1 or t 9 ^! days ( increas+ taxes & ( progressively exp5sive liv+1 !y _c specify ! sum t may be suffici5t = _! future wants1 ,i h ano!r to propose1 9 consequ5ce ( :i* !y may /ill foll[ _! comm]cial pursuits1 & avoid ! imputation 9 "q4 ,i mean t ! ,quak]s ought to make x a rule1 aft] ! annual exp5ces ( liv+ h be5 settl$1 to lay by b small sav+s4 ,!y ought nev] to accu/om _! eyes to behold an undue accumulation ( money1 b lib]ally to deal x out 9 *>ity to ! poor & afflict$ 9 proportion to _! ga9s1 ?us mak+ _! occupations a bless+ to mank9d4 ,no o!r measure w be effectual b ?is1 if ! =m] be n resolv$ ^u1 :ile !y cont9ue 9 trade4 ,_! ord9>y *>ity1 x is cle>1 w n d4 ,l>ge z x may h be51 x has n be5 f\nd l>ge en\gh to prove a corrective ( ?is _s 9 ! op9ion ( ! _w4 ,inde$1 x matt]s n h[ l>ge a *>itable donation may seem1 if we view x ei!r z a *eck ^u ?is _s1 or z an act ( m]it1 b h[ l>ge x is1 :5 comp>$ ) ! bulk ( ! sav+s t are left4 ,a hundr$ p\nds1 giv5 away annually 9 b5evol5ce1 may appe> some?+1 & may s\nd h&somely 9 ! e>s ( ! public4 ,b if ?is sum be tak5 f ! sav+s ( two ?\s&1 x w be little less ?an a reproa* to ! donor z a ,*ri/ian4 ,9 %ort1 no o!r way ?an ! e/imation ( ! gift by ! surplus-sav+ w d 9 ! case 9 "q4 ,b ?is w\ld c]ta9ly be effectual to ! end propos$4 ,x w\ld entirely keep d[n ! money-gett+ _s4 ,x w\ld also d away ! imputation ( x 9 ! public m9d4 ,= x is impossible 9 ?is case1 t ! ^w ,quak]ism %\ld n become synonim\s ) *>ity1 z x ought to be1 if ,quak]ism be a m ?an ord9>y pr(ession ( ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,n[ ^! me?ods are n *im]ical1 b practicable4 ,!re c be no reasonable objection aga9/ !m1 because !y all[ ( ! acquisition ( a dec5t & mod]ate compet5cy4 ,! only "o t c be />t$ w be1 t ,quak]s may injure ! temporal int]e/s ( _! *ildr51 or t !y _c1 ^u ?is plan1 leave !m indep5d5t at _! dea?s 444 ,t indep5d5ce = *ildr5 is ! g5]al aim ( ! _w1 ,i "k well4 ,b ,i "k also1 9 reply to ?is objection1 t ,*ri/ianity has no su* ^w z indep5d5ce 9 h] book4 ,= ( :at d p wi% to make _! *ildr5 indep5d5t8 ,c]ta9ly n ( ,provid5ce1 = t w\ld be insanity inde$4 ,( ! poor !n %all ,i say8 ,t is impossible1 = h[ c\ld !y get _! daily bread8 ,( ! ri*1 !n1 l !mselves8 ,t w\ld be folly1 = :]e w\ld !y =m _! fri5d%ips or _! connubial connections1 9 :i* !y mu/ place a portion ( ! happ9ess ( _! lives8 ,d !y wi% !n to make !m indep5d5t ( society at l>ge1 s z n to d x good8 ,t is aga9/ all religion4 ,9 %ort x is impossible1 :ile we exi/ 9 ?is life1 to be indep5d5t "o ( ano!r4 ,we are b\nd by ,*ri/ianity 9 "o great *a91 e l9k ( :i* is to support ! next2 or ! b& is brok54 ,b if !y mean by indep5d5ce su* a money$ situation z %all place _! *ildr5 out ( ! rea* ( ! fr[ns1 & crosses1 & vicissitudes ( ! _w1 s t no ?\ght or c>e %all be necess>y = ! means ( _! own livelihood1 ,i fe> !y are procur+ a situation = !m1 :i* w be injuri\s ev5 to _! temporal int]e/s z m54 ,! matt] !n seems to me to be br\ght to ?is "q1 :e!r x is bett]1 ,i mean z a g5]al proposition1 to br+ up *ildr5 ) ! expectation ( su* a mod]ate portion ( weal?1 t !y %all see ! necessity ( rely+ ^u _! own hone/ endeav\rs & ! ,div9e support1 or to br+ !m up ) su* notions ( indep5d5ce1 t1 9 ! pride & exultation ( _! he>ts1 !y may be induc$ to c\nt !mselves mighty1 & to lose sight ( ! p[] & provid5ce ( ,god8 ,if we 7 to look into ! _w = an answ] to ?is "q1 we %\ld f9d no great] calamity ?an t ( leav+ to *ildr5 an afflu5t indep5d5ce4 ,su* p]sons1 :5 gr[n up1 in/ead ( becom+ a bless+1 are g5]ally less useful ?an o!rs4 ,!y are frequ5tly pr\d & haughty1 fancy+ !mselves omnipot5t1 !y bid defiance to ! op9ions ( ! virtu\s "p ( ! community4 ,to ! laws ( hon\r & fa%ion !y pay a precise ob$i5ce1 b trample "u foot1 z ( little consequ5ce1 ! precepts ( ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,hav+ s5sual gratifications 9 _! p[]1 !y indulge to excess4 ,by degrees !y ru9 _! heal? & =tunes1 & get wisdom by exp]i5ce1 :5 x is too late to use x4 ,h[ _m "y p]sons h ,i kn[n1 & ,i wi% ,i c\ld make a diff]5t /atem5t1 ^: ru9 orig9at$ :olly 9 a s5se ( _! own indep5d5ce ( ! _w6 ,nei!r1 if we look into ! society ( ! ,quak]s1 %all we f9d a diff]5t acc\nt4 ,x is und\bt$ly true1 ?\gh !re are _m amiable exceptions1 t ! wor/ examples 9 x are g5]ally among ! *ildr5 ( ! ri*4 ,^! pres5tly take w+s1 & fly away1 s t1 fall+ into ! corruptive & de/ructive fa%ions ( ! times1 _! p>5ts h only be5 heap+ up ri*es2 n kn[+ :o 7 to ga!r !m4 ,& "h x may be rem>k$1 t ! ,quak] education1 by means ( its prohibitions1 greatly disqualifies its "y memb]s1 :o may des]t f ! society1 f act+ prud5tly aft]w>ds4 ,!y w be1 9 g5]al1 b *ildr51 & novices 9 ! _w4 ,kept )9 b\nds till ?is p]iod1 :at is m probable ?an t1 :5 !y break out ( !m1 !y w bun*-into excess4 ,a great riv] may be kept 9 its c\rse by pay+ att5tion to its banks1 b if y make a brea* 9 ^! re/rictive walls1 y let x loose1 & x deluges ! pla9s bel[4 ,9 %ort1 :e!r we turn our eyes to ! ,quak] society1 or to ! _w at l>ge1 we _c consid] an afflu5t indep5d5ce z among ! temporal advantages ( y\?4 ,& z !y1 :o only leave _! *ildr5 a mod]ate portion ( sub/ance1 s t !y %all see ! necessity ( rely+ ^u _! own hone/ endeav\rs1 & ! ,div9e support1 act wisely 9 _! own g5]ation1 s !y act only consi/5tly ) ! religion !y pr(ess4 ,= :at does ! religion ( ! ,quak]s hold out to !m z ! be/ atta9m5t 9 life8 ,is x n spiritual k8 ,is x n t k1 :i* %all fit !m be/ = ! s]vice ( _! ,mak]8 ,b su* k is utt]ly unatta9able :ile a money-gett+ _s exi/s2 = x has be5 decl>$ by ! highe/ au?ority1 t we _c s]ve ,god & mammon4 ,,*ap4 ,,xiv4 ,ano!r trait is t ( a want ( animation or affection--,?is an appe>ance only1 & n a reality1 aris+ f a prop] subjugation ( ! passions--f ! prohibitions relative to dress--& address--& ! amusem5ts ( ! _w4 ,x is said next ( ! ,quak]s1 t !y are a cold & inanimate p2 & t !y h nei!r ! ord9>y affection1 nor ! gradation ( affection1 ( o!r p4 ,i may imm$iately pron\nce ^u ?is trait1 t x is m]ely an outw>d appe>ance4 ,! ,quak]s h z w>m feel+s z ! re/ ( _! c\ntrym54 ,_! love ( _! fell[-creatures1 m conspicu\s 9 !m ?an 9 _m o!rs1 z has be5 amply %ewn1 gives !m a claim to ! possession ( w>m & affectionate feel+4 ,! ,quak]s too h ! "* ( a dome/ic p2 b surely1 if !y d n possess affection1 & ?is 9 a v high degree1 !y mu/ h mis]able homes4 ,!re is inde$ a want ( gradation 9 _! affections1 :i* may be trac$ ^u "s occasions4 ,9 mak+ _! wills1 = example1 !y are n apt to raise up an elde/ son to ! detrim5t ( ! re/ ( _! (fspr+4 ,& ?is c]ta9ly is a pro(1 t !y d n possess ! gradation ( affection ( _m o!r p6 ,happy is x = _! own com=t & ! welf>e ( _! families1 t !y give ?is pro( to ! _w ( ?is equal affection = _! *ildr54 ,t ?is trait is only an appe>ance1 & n a reality1 ,i %all %ew1 by />+ _m outw>d circum/ances1 9 ! ,quak] con/itution1 :i* may be prev5tive ( app>5t animation1 b :i* c h no influ5ce on ! he>t4 ,we mu/ all ( u be s5sible1 t bo? op9ions & cu/oms h an influ5ce on ! w>m? or coldness ( our *>act]s4 ,:o w\ld expect1 if two fai?ful portraits c\ld h be5 h&$ d[n to u f antiquity1 to f9d ! same gravity or coldness ( c\nt5ance & mann]s 9 an ,a!nian1 z 9 a ,sp>tan8 ,& 9 ! same mann] :o c expect1 t !re w n be a diff]5ce 9 ! appe>ance ( ,quak]s & o!r p8 ,! tru? is1 t ! discipl9e & education ( ! ,quak]s produce an appe>ance ( a want ( animation1 & ?is outw>d appe>ance ! _w has falsely tak5 z a symbol ( ! "* ( ! he>t4 ,c we expect t a due subjugation ( ! passions1 :i* is insi/$ ^u 9 true ,quak] families1 w give ei!r w>m? to ! c\nt5ance1 or _s to ! outw>d mann]s8 ,d n ! passions animate1 & give a tone to ! *>act]s ( m58 ,c we see !n ! same v>iety ( expression 9 ! faces ( ! ,quak]s z 9 ^? ( o!rs on ?is acc\nt8 ,! actions ( m51 aga91 enliv5 _! outw>d appe>ances1 b ,quak]s1 be+ =bidd5 to use ! address ( ! _w1 c assume no v>iety ( action 9 _! int]c\rse ) o!rs4 ,! amusem5ts1 aga91 ( ! _w1 su* z ( music & ! !atre1 rea* ! m9d1 &1 animat+ x1 give a great] expression to ! c\nt5ance1 on :i* ! contemplation aft]w>ds produces a simil> ?\gh a slight] effect4 ,b 9 :at ,quak]s c y see s5sibility f ! same cause8 ,! dress too1 ( ! memb]s ( ?is society gives !m an appe>ance ( gravity & dulness4 ,x makes !m also %y ( _! fell[ citiz5s4 ,b gravity1 & dulness1 & %yness1 h g5]ally1 ea* ( !m1 ! appe>ance ( coldness ( mann]s4 ,,*ap4 ,,xv4 ,ano!r trait is t ( evasiv5ess 9 spee*--,?is an appe>ance only1 aris+ f a peculi> reg>d to tru?--& f a caution ab\t ! prop] use ( words1 induc$ by circum/ances 9 ! discipl9e1 & by ! peculi>ities 9 ! ,quak] language4 ,x is alleg$ aga9/ ! ,quak]s1 z ano!r bad trait 9 _! "*1 t !y are n pla9 & direct1 b t !y are evasive 9 _! answ]s to any que/ions t may be ask$ !m4 ,!re is no d\bt b t ! _w1 :o "k sc>cely any ?+ ab\t ! ,quak]s1 w h "s reason1 if !y judge f _! outw>d mann] ( expression1 to come to su* a conclusion4 ,!re is (t5 a sort ( hesitation 9 _! spee*1 :i* has ! appe>ance ( evasiv5ess4 ,b ?\gh !re may be su* an appe>ance1 _! answ]s to que/ions are full & accurate :5 f9ally giv52 & unque/ionably !re is no int5tion 9 !m ei!r to hold back any ?+1 or to deceive4 ,?is outw>d appe>ance1 /range to relate1 arises 9 "p f an amiable trait 9 ! "* ( ! ,quak]s66 ,_! great desire to speak ! tru?1 & n to exce$ x1 occasions (t5 a sort ( d\btfulness ( spee*4 ,x occasions !m also1 in/ead ( answ]+ a "q imm$iately1 to ask o!r que/ions1 t !y may see ! true be>+s ( ! ?+ int5d$ to be kn[n4 ,! same appe>ance ( d\bt runs also ?r\gh ! :ole society 9 all ^? words :i* relate to promises1 f ! same cause4 ,= ! ,quak]s1 kn[+ ! unc]ta9ty ( all human ?+s1 & ! impossibility ( fulfill+ b provisionally1 seldom1 z ,i h obs]v$ be=e1 promise any ?+ positively1 t !y may n come %ort ( ! tru?4 ,! desire !re=e ( utt]+ ! tru? has 9 "p br\ght ?is accusation ^u _! heads4 ,o!r circum/ances also to be f\nd )9 ! ,quak] con/itution h a t5d5cy to produce ! same effect4 ,9 _! mon?ly & qu>t]ly & annual meet+s = discipl9e1 !y are taught by cu/om to wat* ! propriety ( ! expressions t are us$ 9 ! word+ ( _! m9utes1 t ^! may accurately repres5t ! s5se ( ! p]sons pres5t4 ,& ?is habit ( caution ab\t ! use ( words 9 ! affairs ( _! own society naturally begets a caution conc]n+ x also 9 _! int]c\rse ) ! _w4 ,! peculi>ities ( _! language produce also a simil> circumspection4 ,= :]e p are re/ra9$ f ! use ( expressions :i* are g5e rally adopt$ by o!rs1 & ?is 9 ! belief t1 z a highly pr(ess+ p1 !y ought to be wat*ful ov] _! words z well z _! actions1 a sort ( hesitation w accompany !m1 or a sort ( pause w be p]ceptible1 :ile !y are *oos+ z x 7 ! prop] words = a reply to any ( ! que/ions t may be ask$ !m4 ,,*ap4 ,,xvi4 ,ano!r trait is t ( %yness--,?is an appe>ance only1 aris+ f ! =m] trait--& f t ( coldness ( mann]s--& f ! great sobriety ( ! ,quak] "*4 ,ano!r bad trait1 :i* ! _w has fix$ ^u ! ,quak]s1 is t ( be+ a sly p4 ,?is trait has be5 long giv5 !m4 ,we f9d x notic$ by ,pope3 ,! ,quak] sly1 ! ,presbyt]ian s\r4 ,?is *>ge is gr\nd$ on appe>ances4 ,x arises 9 "p f ! la/ m5tion$ trait 9 _! "*2 = if m5 be ?\ght cauti\s 9 ! use ( _! words1 & evasive 9 _! answ]s1 :e!r !y be s or n1 !y w be m>k$ z sly4 ,x arises aga9 f ! trait ( want ( animation or ( coldness ( mann]s4 ,= if m5 ( good und]/&+1 9 consequ5ce ( ! subjugation ( _! passions1 appe> always to be cool1 !y w h an appe>ance ( w>9ess4 ,x arises aga9 f ! great sobriety ( ! ,quak]s4 ,= :]e m5 are always sob]1 !y appe> to be always on _! gu>d1 & m51 :o are always on _! gu>d1 are reput$ cunn+4 ,^! circum/ances ( coolness & sobriety1 :5 call$ into action1 w only confirm ! _w 9 ! op9ion ( ! exi/5ce ( ! trait 9 "q4 ,= x w n be easy to deceive a man ( b mod]ate und]/&+1 :o nev] loses 8 s5ses ei!r by intoxication or by passion4 ,& :at man1 9 su* habits1 w n make a bett] b>ga9 ?an "o :o is hot 9 8 temp]1 or :o is accu/om$ to be intoxicat$8 ,h5ce ! trait arises f appe>ances1 :i* are ! result ( circum/ances1 fav\rable to ! morality ( ! ,quak] "*4 ,,*ap4 ,,xvii4 ,la/ bad trait is a disreg>d ( tru?--,app>5t rise ( ?is trait--,falsehood ( x probable f consid]ations on ! language ( ! ,quak]s--f _! prohibition ( detraction--_! rejection ( romantic books--_! punctuality to words & engagem5ts--& _! ideas ) respect to ! unlawfulness ( civil oa?s4 ,! la/ *>ge aga9/ ! ,quak]s w be se5 9 a vulg> expression1 :i* %\ld h _h no place 9 ?is book1 if x _h n be5 a say+ 9 almo/ e body's m\?4 ,! expression1 is1 ,?\gh !y w n swe>1 !y w lie4 ,?is trait has aris5 9 "p f ^? diff]5t circum/ances1 :i* h produc$ ! appe>ance ( evasiv5ess4 ,= if p are ?\ght evasive1 !y w always be ?\ght li>s4 ,evasiv5ess & ly+ are almo/ synonim\s t]ms4 ,x is n impossible also1 if ,quak]s %\ld appe> to give a d\btful answ]1 t p]sons may draw false conclusions f !nce1 & !re=e may suppose !m to h spok5 falsely4 ,^! two circum/ances ( an app>5t evasiv5ess1 & probably ( a d$uction ( conclusions f d\btful or imag9>y premises1 h1 ,i appreh5d1 produc$ an appe>ance1 :i* ! _w has int]pret$ into evil4 ,no trait1 h[ev]1 c be m false ?an ?is4 ,i "k ( no p1 :o reg>d tru? m ?an ! ,quak]s4 ,_! :ole sy/em b5ds & directs to tru?4 ,"o ( ! peculi>ities ( _! language1 or _! rejection ( _m ( ! words :i* o!r p use1 because !y consid] !m z n religi\sly appropriate to ! objects ( :i* !y are ! symbols1 s]ves z a con/ant admonition to !m to speak ! tru?4 ,_! prohibition ( all sl&]\s reports1 z m5tion$ 9 a =m] volume1 has a t5d5cy to produce ! same effect2 = detraction is =bidd5 p>tly on ! idea1 t all su* rum\rs on "* may be false4 ,!y reject also ! read+ ( plays & novels1 p>tly "u a notion1 t ! subjects & circum/ances 9 ^! are fictiti\s1 & t a ta/e !re=e1 = ! read+1 ( ^!1 if acquir$1 might famili>ize _! y\? ) fictions1 & produce 9 !m a romantic & ly+ _s4 ,x is a trait1 aga91 9 ! "* ( ! ,quak]s1 z we h se51 t !y are rem>kable = _! punctuality 9 ! p]=mance ( _! words & engagem5ts4 ,b su* punctuality implies nei!r m nor less1 ?an t ! words spok5 by ,quak]s are g5]ally fulfill$2 &1 if !y are g5]ally fulfill$1 !n ! inf]5ce is1 t all su* words h be5 g5]ally tru?s4 ,to ?is ,i may add1 t ! notions ( ! ,quak]s on ! subject ( oa?s1 & _! ideas ( ! "* :i* x becomes !m to su/a9 9 life1 mu/ h a p[]ful effect ^u !m 9 induc+ an att5tion to ! tru?2 = !y consid] ,jesus ,*ri/ to h aboli%$ civil oa?s1 because he wi%$ to introduce a m excell5t sy/em ?an t ( old1 t is1 because he meant x to be und]/ood by 8 disciples1 t he laid su* an et]nal obligation ^u !m to speak tru?1 t oa?s 7 to be r5d]$ unnecess>y1 :]e p]sons make a pr(ession ( 8 religion4 ,,*ap4 ,,xviii4 ,,sect4 ,i4 ,"* ( ! ,quak] wom5--,?is diff]s a little f t ( ! m5--,wom5 %>e 9 ! virtues ( ! =m]--b d n always p>take ( all _! reput$ imp]fections--are n *>geable ) a want ( k--nor ) ! money-gett+ _s--,mode/y a feature 9 _! "*4 ,hav+ n[ amply enquir$ into ! "* ( ! m51 ,i %all say a few words on ! subject ( t ( ! wom5 ( ?is society4 ,= ?\gh x might be suppos$ at ! fir/ sight 7! ,quak]s be+ ca/ z x 7 9 "o m\ld7 t ! same "* w\ld atta* to bo?1 yet x mu/ be obvi\s1 on f>!r consid]ation1 t x _c be :olly applicable to ! female sex4 ,x may be laid d[n z a position1 t ! wom5 ( ?is society %>e 9 ! virtues ( ! m54 ,!y possess _! b5evol5ce1 _! indep5d5ce ( m9d1 & ! o!r good traits 9 _! moral "*4 ,b !y d n always p>take ( all _! reput$ imp]fections4 ,! want ( k1 :i* 0 reckon$ among ! fail+s ( ! m51 c h no room z a *>ge aga9/ ! wom54 ,=1 fir/1 let u comp>e ! ,quak] wom5 ) ! ,quak] m54 ,n[ x g5]ally happ5s 9 ! _w1 t m5 h m lit]>y k ?an wom51 b ?is is n s g5]ally ! case 9 ?is society4 ,z ! wom5 "h are n tak5 f _! books1 l ! m51 at an e>ly age1 & put into trade1 !y h no b>1 l ^!1 to ! f>!r improvem5t ( _! m9ds4 ,!y advance (t5 9 ! acquisition ( k1 :ile ! latt]1 9 consequ5ce ( _! att5tion to bus9ess1 are kept /ation>y4 ,h5ce x almo/ uni=mly happ5s1 t !y are q z well in=m$1 & t !y h z great a v>iety ( k z ^!1 s t !y suff] no disp>agem5t1 z ! wom5 ( ! _w d1 by a comp>ison ) ! o!r sex4 ,nei!r w ! ,quak] wom5 be consid]$ z defici5t 9 k1 if comp>$ ) wom5 ( o!r religi\s d5om9ations4 ,x is too mu* ! practice1 b p>ticul>ly 9 ! high] circles1 to educate females = %ew4 ,we too seldom see a k ( ! dome/ic duties4 ,to dance well1 to s+ well1 & to play well1 ^! are ! usual accompli%m5ts t are insi/$ on1 & !y are insi/$ ^u ) an e>ne/ness1 z if !y includ$ all ! valuable purposes ( life4 ,?us ! be/ "p ( y\? is sp5t 9 ! acquirem5t ( trivial ?+s3 or r ! acquirem5t ( su* ?+s takes up s mu* "t1 z to leave b little = ! moral & intellectual improvem5t ( ! m9d4 ,! great object1 on ! o!r h&1 ( ! education ( ! ,quak] females1 is utility & n %ew4 ,!y are taught dome/ic economy1 or ! c>es & employm5ts ( a h\se4 ,!y are taught to become good wives & good mo!rs4 ,prohibit$ ! atta9m5ts ( music & danc+1 & _m ( ! corruptive amusem5ts ( ! _w1 !y h ample "t = ! improvem5t ( ! und]/&+4 ,?us !y h 9 g5]al z good an education z o!r females1 z f> z lit]>y acquirem5ts are conc]n$2 s t1 :e!r !y are comp>$ ) ,quak] m51 or ) ! o!r wom5 ( ! isl&1 !y w n incur ! imputation ( a defici5cy ( k4 ,x mu/ be obvi\s too1 t ! money-gett+ _s1 :i* ! _w has fix$ ^u z a trait 9 ! "* ( "s ( ! m51 c seldom be a trait 9 t ( ! wom5 ( ?is society4 ,= m5 are ! pr9cipals 9 trade4 ,!y lay _! plans = ! gett+ ( money4 ,!y see ! accumulat+ surplus rise4 ,!y h&le x4 ,!y c\nt x4 ,!y rememb] x4 ,! wom51 on ! o!r h&1 see x only 9 ! disposition ( _! husb&s or p>5ts1 :o make probably a l>g] all[ance = dome/ic wants or gratifications ?an be=e4 ,h5ce a *>ge _c be s frequ5tly br\ght aga9/ !m ( a want ( t spiritual m9d$ness1 :i* is ! great *>act]i/ic ( ,quak]ism1 z !y h b little to d ) ! mammon ( ! _w4 ,to ^! exceptions 9 ,quak] wom5 f ! reput$ imp]fections ( ,quak] m51 ,i _c help add+ 9 ?is place1 t ! females ( ?is society are peculi>ly di/+ui%able = t :i* has be5 at all times consid]$ z "o ( ! brighte/ ornam5ts ( _! sex4 ,mode/y is p>ticul>ly conspicu\s 9 _! looks & 9 _! :ole outw>d demean\r4 ,x is conspicu\s 9 _! conv]sation4 ,x is conspicu\s also 9 _! dress4 ,& "h x may n be improp] to obs]ve1 t1 :atev] objections may be made to ! ,quak] app>el1 x is e/imable1 z f> z x gives ?is appe>ance ( mode/y to ! females :o we> x1 or r z f> z x h9d]s !m f we>+ ! loose & indelicate g>m5ts1 :i* are frequ5tly worn1 )\t any scruple1 by _m ( ! females ( ! _w4 ,,sect4 ,,ii4 ,quak] wom51 besides _! private1 h a public "*--,l[ light 9 :i* wom5 h be5 held--,importance giv5 !m by *ivalry--& by ! revival ( le>n+ 9 ,europe--& by ! introduction ( ,*ri/ianity--b /ill held 9 an inf]ior light--,quak]s h giv5 !m _! due importance 9 society--,influ5ce ( _! public "* on _! m9ds4 ,! ,quak] wom51 indep5d5tly ( _! private1 h t :i* no o!r body ( wom5 h1 a public "*4 ,?is is a new era 9 female hi/ory4 ,i %all !re=e make a few obs]vations on ?is1 be=e ,i proce$ to ano!r subject4 ,x is melan*oly1 :5 we look into ! hi/ory ( wom51 to see ! l[ e/imation 9 :i* !y h be5 held f ! e>lie/ times4 ,x is possible1 because !y h n possess$ ! /r5g? ( con/itution1 t !y may h be5 ?\ght n to h _h ! intellect ( m54 ,x is possible1 because dome/ic c>es & ! re>+ ( *ildr5 h be5 consign$ to !m1 t o!r occupations may n h be5 consid]$ z fall+ )9 ! prov9ce ( _! /ations4 ,b :atev] may h be5 ! causes1 polygamy or concub9age has unque/ionably be5 ! greate/1 9 h9d]+ wom5 f occupy+ an useful1 dignifi$1 & important /ation 9 society4 ,?is cu/om has held !m up z little bett] ?an slaves1 or ?an liv+ toys or play-?+s4 ,& ?is cu/om has prevail$ ov] a great portion ( ! globe f times ( ! e>lie/ antiquity to ! pres5t day4 ,among ! _m circum/ances :i* contribut$ to give importance to wom5 9 ,europe1 we may reckon ! introduction ( *ivalry4 ,hon\r & humanity 7 ! *>act]i/ics ( ?is in/itution4 ,h5ce weakness 0 to be protect$ by x4 ,& z weakness 0 m p>ticul>ly ! lot ( wom51 s ^! became m peculi>ly ! objects ( its c>e4 ,h5ce wom5 began to feel a consequ5ce1 :i* _h be5 hi!rto d5i$ !m4 ,!y 7 treat$ ) polit5ess & t5d]ness by all1 & m5 began to be ev5 solicit\s ( _! applause4 ,b ?\gh ?is 0 ! case1 *ivalry did n elevate !m beyond a c]ta9 height4 ,x r5d]$ a polite att5tion to !m ess5tial4 ,b ?is att5tion 0 an homage to ! weakness ( females1 & n to _! intellect4 ,x presuppos$ no capacity ( usefulness 9 !m1 = e ?+1 9 fact1 0 to be done = !m1 & !y 7 to d b little = !mselves4 ,! revival ( le>n+ 9 ! twelf? c5tury 0 ano!r cause ( add+ to ! importance ( wom54 ,z m5 became m le>n$1 !y began to respect ! p[] ( ! human und]/&+4 ,!y began to be acqua9t$1 by means ( hi/ory1 ) ! tal5ts ( wom5 9 =m] ages4 ,!y began to give a bett] education to _! families4 ,^! circum/ances produc$ a m enl>g$ op9ion ( female g5ius4 ,h5ce le>n+ became an in/rum5t ( giv+ new consequ5ce to wom54 ,b x gave x to !m on a pr9ciple diff]5t f t ( *ivalry3 = :]eas *ivalry insi/$ ^u a polite att5tion to !m on acc\nt ( ! weakness ( _! con/itutions1 le>n+ insi/$ ^u x on acc\nt ( ! /r5g? ( _! und]/&+1 or because !y 7 intellectual & reasonable be+s4 ,b t :i* contribut$ mo/ to make wom5 important 9 society1 0 ! introduction ( ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,by ! mild _s :i* x diffus$1 x produc$ a c]ta9 suavity ( behavi\r t[>ds !m4 ,by ! abolition ( polygamy x all[$ ( no division ( a man's love among _m wom51 b limit$ x to "o4 ,?us x made "o woman de>] ?an ano!r1 & ( c\rse e individual woman ( consequ5ce4 ,by ! abolition ( polygamy1 x add$ to _! consequ5ce aga91 by rais+ !m f ! rank ( slaves to t ( ! companions ( m54 ,?is importance x increas$ aga9 by ! inculcation ( specific duties t[>ds !m1 & by ! doctr9e1 t1 z all1 )\t exception1 7 equally acc\ntable = _! actions1 & ! ,div9e ,be+ 0 no respect] ( p]sons1 s all1 :e!r m5 or wom51 7 ( equal importance 9 8 sight4 ,b ?\gh ,*ri/ianity has op]at$1 z x always w1 :]e x is felt 9 ! he>t1 to ! production ( a t5d] att5tion to wom51 & to ! procur+ ( an hon\rable /ation = !m 9 society1 we h yet to lam5t1 t ?is op]ation has n be5 m g5]al1 consid]+ our public pr(ession ( ?is religion1 ?an we f9d x at ! pres5t day4 ,wom5 are /ill seldom appreciat$ z !y ought to be4 ,!y are /ill weigh$ 9 a diff]5t scale f m54 ,_! education is /ill limit$1 z if _! und]/&+s1 not)/&+ ! hon\rable te/imony :i* hi/ory has borne conc]n+ !m1 7 incapable ( high atta9m5ts4 ,if homage be paid to _! beauty1 v little is paid to _! op9ions4 ,limits also are assign$ to ! sph]e ( _! utility4 ,to engage 9 o!r pursuits ?an !y d w\ld be ?\ght /range4 ,9 %ort1 ! education !y receive m>ks ! inf]ior situation = :i* !y are consid]$ to be design$4 ,its t5d5cy is mo/ly to outw>d %ew4 ,=m$ l dolls or play-?+s1 :i* are giv5 to *ildr5 to captivate by outside appe>ances1 !y are g5]ally r5d]$ incapable ( exhibit+ great tal5ts1 or ( occupy+ an important /ation 9 life4 ,b x seems to h be5 res]v$ = ! ,quak]s u a religi\s body1 to insi/ ^u t full practical treatm5t & e/imation ( wom51 :i* ought to take place :]ev] ,*ri/ianity is pr(ess$4 ,!y h accord+ly giv5 to ! females ( _! own society _! prop] weight 9 ! scale ( creat$ be+s4 ,believ+ !m to h adequate capacities1 & to be capable ( great usefulness1 !y h admitt$ !m to a %>e 9 ! adm9i/ration ( almo/ all ! (fices :i* belong to _! religi\s discipl9e1 s t1 indep5d5tly ( _! private1 !y h a public "*1 l ! m54 ,9 ! fir/ volume1 ,i _h occasion to obs]ve1 :5 treat+ on ! subject ( ! discipl9e1 t repres5tatives 7 *os5 by ! m5 out ( _! own body to ! diff]5t meet+s :i* 7 !n nam$4 ,j s x is ) ! ,quak] wom54 ,repres5tatives are appo9t$ out ( ^! by ! o!r wom5 on simil> occasions4 ,i /at$ also t1 at c]ta9 times1 ! m5 assembl$ by !mselves2 t !y discuss$ ! bus9ess t came be=e !m2 t !y repli$ to ^? :o support$ opposite op9ions to _! own2 & t ! "y m5 7 pres5t dur+ ^! discussions4 ,s x is ) ! wom54 ,!y sit 9 c\ncil by !mselves4 ,!y argue & reply 9 l mann]4 ,! "y females are also pres5t4 ,i /at$ also1 t dur+ ^! meet+s ( ! m51 "o ( !m held ! (fice ( draw+ up & record+ ! m9utes ( ! proce$+s or resolutions t _h tak5 place4 ,! wom5 also appo9t "o ( _! own body to ! same (fice4 ,i /at$ aga91 t1 9 ^! meet+s ( ! m51 "s 7 *os5 z a committee to act 9 p>ticul> cases4 ,s also are wom5 *os5 to act z a committee by _! own meet+s4 ,i expla9$ ! nature ( ! (fice ( ov]se]1 & ,i obs]v$ t !re 7 ov]se]s among ! m54 ,!re are also ov]se]s among ! wom54 ,i expla9$ ! nature ( ! (fice ( eld]1 & ,i obs]v$ t !re 7 eld]s among ! m54 ,! wom5 h _! eld]s likewise4 ,! m5 7 said to prea* z 9 o!r societies4 ,! wom5 are p]mitt$ to prea* also4 ,9 %ort1 if ! m5 consid] !mselves to be qualifi$ = any (fice belong+ _! religi\s discipl9e1 !y believe _! wom5 to be equally capable ( hold+ ! same4 ,no di/9ction is made z to ! p[]s ( usefulness betwe5 ! m5 & ! wom5 ( ?is society4 ,!re are few (fices held by m51 b !re is a correspond+ "o = ^? ( ! o!r sex4#da ,footnote #da3 ,! pr9cipal exceptions are1 t !y are n correspond5ts1 arbitrators1 legislators1 or on committees ( appeal4 ,! execution ( ^! & o!r1 public (fices1 by :i* ! ,quak] wom5 h an important /ation allott$ !m 9 society1 _c b h an important influ5ce on _! m9ds4 ,x gives !m1 9 fact1 a new ca/ ( "*4 ,x imp>ts to !m1 9 ! fir/ place1 a consid]able k ( human nature4 ,x produces 9 !m ?\ght1 & =esight1 & judgm5t4 ,x creates 9 !m a c>e & conc]n = ! di/ress$4 ,x elevates _! ideas4 ,x raises 9 !m a s5se ( _! own dignity & importance z human be+s1 :i* sets !m above e ?+ t is little & trifl+1 & above all idle p>ade & %ew4 ,fond z !y are ( ! animal creation1 y d n see !m lavi%+ _! c>esses on lap-dogs1 to ! contempt ( ! poor & mis]able ( _! own species4 ,y nev] see !m driv+ f %op to %op to make up a morn+'s amusem5t1 by exam9+ & ?r[+ out ( ord] ! v>i\s articles ( tradesm51 giv+ !m great tr\ble1 & buy+ no?+ 9 return4 ,y nev] f9d !m call+ ^u ^? :om !y "k to be abs5t f _! homes1 ?us mak+ _! mimic visits1 & leav+ _! useless c>ds4 ,no?+1 9 %ort1 s ridicul\s or degrad+1 is kn[n among !m4 ,_! pursuits are rational1 useful1 & dignifi$4 ,& !y may be said 9 g5]al to exhibit a model = ! employm5t ( "t1 wor?y ( ! "* !y pr(ess4 ,,miscellane\s ,,p>ticul>s ,,relative ,,to ,,! ,,quak]s ,quak]s a happy p--,subord9ate causes ( ?is happ9ess--namely1 _! com=table situation--_! atta*m5t to dome/ic life--_! almo/ con/ant employm5t--?is happ9ess n brok5 l t ( o!rs1 by an int]ruption ( ! r\t9e ( con/itut$ pleasures--or by ang] & o!r passions or by p>ticul> enquiries & notions ab\t religion4 ,if a p]son 7 to judge ( ! ,quak]s by ! g5]al gravity ( _! c\nt5ances1 & 7 to take into consid]ation1 at ! same "t1 ! circum/ance1 t !y nev] p>took ( ! amusem5ts ( ! _w1 9 :i* he plac$ a "p ( 8 own pleasures1 he w\ld be induc$ to conclude1 t !y _h dull & gloomy m9ds1 & t !y c\ld n be ^u ! :ole a happy p4 ,su* a conclusion1 h[ev]1 w\ld be contr>y to ! fact4 ,on my fir/ acqua9tance ) !m ,i 0 surpris$1 see+ ! little v>iety ( _! pursuits1 at ! happ9ess :i* !y appe>$ to enjoy1 b z ,i came to a k ( ! con/itution & /ate ( ! society1 ! solution ( ! problem became easy4 ,x w n be difficult to develope ! subord9ate causes ( ?is happ9ess4#db ,to %ew ! fir/ ( ^!1 ,i %all view ! society 9 ! ?ree classes ( ! ri*1 ! middle1 & ! poor4 ,( ! ri*1 ,i may obs]ve1 t !y are n s afflu5t 9 g5]al z ! ri* ( o!r bodies4 ,( ! middle1 t !y are ^u ! :ole 9 bett] circum/ances ?an o!rs ( ! same class 9 life4 ,( ! poor1 t !y are n s poor z o!rs 9 a simil> condition4 ,n[ ! ri* 9 ! ,quak] society h ( c\rse z _m ( ! com=ts ( life 9 _! p[] z !y desire4 ,! middle classes 9 ?is society h m ( ^! ?an ! middle classes ( o!r d5om9ations4 ,! poor 9 ! same society h also m ( ^!1 9 consequ5ce ( ! h&some provision :i* is made = !m1 ?an o!rs 9 a simil> situation ) !mselves4 ,!re is !re=e ^u ! :ole a great] di/ribution ( ! com=ts ( life1 among all ! ranks ( ?is society1 ?an is to be f\nd 9 any o!r community1 9 proportion to _! numb]s4 ,b ?is sup]ior /ate1 9 po9t ( com=table circum/ances1 ought to be und\bt$ly a s\rce ( sup]ior happ9ess4 ,= :]e ! com=ts ( life are want+1 x is 9 va9 to suppose m5 c be happy1 unless _! m9ds are m ?an usually com=t$ by _! religion4 ,footnote #db3 ,religion1 :i* includes positive virtues1 & an abs5ce f vices1 jo9$ to a peaceful consci5ce & a well gr\nd$ hope ( a bett] life1 is ! fir/ & greate/ cause ( happ9ess1 & may belong to all4 ,b ,i conf9e myself1 9 ?is *apt]1 to su* causes only z may be call$ subord9ate1 & 9 :i* ! ,quak]s are m p>ticul>ly conc]n$4 ,ano!r s\rce ( _! happ9ess may be f\nd 9 _! dome/ic situation4 ,! ,quak]s1 z ,i h obs]v$ be=e1 9 consequ5ce ( d5y+ !mselves ! pleasures ( ! _w1 h be5 oblig$ to *]i% ^? :i* are f\nd 9 dome/ic life4 ,9 ! fa%ionable _w1 m5 & _! wives seldom foll[ _! pleasures toge!r4 ,!y resemble ! little wood5 figures ( ! man & ! woman1 :i*1 by mov+ backw>ds & =w>ds 9 a small pa9t$ h\se1 d5ote ! *anges ( ! wea!r4 ,:ile "o ( ^! is )91 ! o!r is out ( doors4 ,b ?is is n ! case ) ! ,quak]s4 ,! husb& & wife are n s easily sep>able4 ,!y visit g5]ally toge!r4 ,!y are rem>k$ z affectionate4 ,y nev] he> ( intrigues among !m4 ,!y are long 9 ea* o!rs society at a "t1 & !y are m at home ?an almo/ any o!r p4 ,= nei!r ! same pleasures1 nor ! same occupations1 sep>ate ^! z o!rs4 ,! husb& is nev] se5 at a play1 nor at a tav]n1 nor at a dance4 ,nei!r ! naval nor ! milit>y pr(ession summons him abroad4 ,he is seldom conc]n$ 9 voyages z a m>9]4 ,h5ce he mu/ ( necessity be mu* at home4 ,add to ?is1 t ! ,quak]s h g5]ally families1 ) ! p[] ( provid+ = !m4 ,b ^! circum/ances r5d] _! homes agreeable to !m1 & increase _! dome/ic delights4 ,a ?ird s\rce ( ! happ9ess ( ! ,quak]s arises f ! circum/ance ( _! be+ almo/ con/antly employ$4 ,few are s mis]able z ^? :o h no?+ to d1 or :o1 unable to f9d employm5t1 feel a dull vacuum 9 _! "t4 ,& ! conv]se ( ?is proposition is equally true1 t ! "t ( ^? flies pleasantly away1 :o c employ x rationally4 ,b !re is r>ely su* a be+ among ! ,quak]s z a lazy p]son1 gap+ ab\t = amusem5t4 ,_! trades or call+s occupy ! great] portion ( _! "t4 ,_! meet+s ( discipl9e1 z has be5 already %ewn1 occupy _! "t aga94 ,! execution ( ! v>i\s (fices to :i* !y may be appo9t$1 su* z ( ov]se]s1 or eld]s1 or committee-m51 or arbitrators 9 disputes1 occupies m4 ,few ,quak]s1 b p>ticul>ly ! m respectable1 h _m vacant h\rs4 ,& "h x may n be improp] to rem>k1 t ! discipl9e ( ! society1 organiz$ z x is1 is productive ( a *e]ful & fri5dly int]c\rse ( ! memb]s1 or ( a sociable mann] ( sp5d+ _! "t1 "o ) ano!r4 ,! mon?ly meet+s usually br+ two or ?ree p>ticul> meet+s toge!r4 ,! memb]s ( ^!1 :5 !y h dispat*$ _! bus9ess1 retire to ! h\ses ( _! fri5ds1 :]e !y take _! refre%m5t1 & indulge 9 ! pleasures ( conv]sation4 ,! qu>t]ly meet+s aga9 br+ ! mon?ly meet+s ( ! c\nty into "o4 ,"h aga91 :5 ! bus9ess is ov]1 !y p>take ( a simil> repa/4 ,h5ce a r5ewal ( conv]sation & ( fri5d%ip4 ,! ye>ly meet+ aga9 br+s _m1 f ! qu>t]ly toge!r4 ,& "h ! ,quak]s f all p>ts ( ! k+dom h an opportunity ( see+ & conv]s+ ) "o ano!r4 ,i may add too1 t _m individuals 9 ! int]im1 :o travel1 :e!r on bus9ess or on pleasure1 or on religi\s err&s1 enl>ge ?is fri5dly int]c\rse2 = few ,quak]s pass ?r\gh ! t[ns :]e ,quak]s live1 )\t call+ ^u ^!1 s t !re are _m s\rces )9 ! cu/oms & con/itution ( ! society1 t are productive ( *e]ful h\rs4#dc ,footnote #dc3 ,x may be m5tion$ "h1 t ! ,quak]s ackn[l$ge _! relations to a mu* f>!r degree ( consangu9ity1 ?an o!r p4 ,?is relation%ip1 :]e x c be di/9ctly trac$1 is commemorat$ by ! appellation ( c\s94 ,?is cu/om !re=e is a cause ( ende>m5t :5 !y meet1 & ( c\rse ( additional pleasure4 ,b "h x w probably be said1 t ^! s\rces ( happ9ess1 :i* h be5 hi!rto describ$1 are common to _m o!rs4 ,i grant !y are to individuals1 b n to communities at l>ge4 ,no society has probably s _m ( ! com=ts ( life 9 its p[]1 numb] = numb]1 & rank = rank1 z t ( ! ,quak]s4 ,none probably s :olly dome/ic4 ,none1 :]e ! memb]s ( x h su* frequ5t int]c\rse ) ea* o!r1 or :]e !y are s connect$ 9 ! bonds ( bro!rly love1 & none1 z f> z ,i "k m51 :o h su* con/ant employm5t = _! "t4 ,hav+ expla9$ "s ( ^?1 :i* may be consid]$ z positive s\rces ( happ9ess to ! ,quak]s1 ,i %all n[ %ew :at may be causes ( unhapp9ess to o!rs1 & t ! ,quak]s seldom p>take ( ^!4 ,su* an exposition1 h[ev] /range x may appe> at ! fir/ sight1 w be mat]ially to ! po9t4 ,= ?\gh an exemption f ! causes ( ! uneas9ess ( o!rs c nev] be admitt$ z a pro( ( ! exi/5ce ( positive enjoym5t among ! ,quak]s1 yet if ! latt] h solid s\rces ( happ9ess ( _! own1 & ^! are n 9 any mat]ial degree dim9i%$ by ! causes ( ! uneas9ess ( ! =m]1 !re w be left to !m1 because !re w be no drawback1 a c]ta9 portion ( happ9ess ) less alloy4 ,& "h x is obvi\s at ! fir/ sight1 t ! ,quak]s h n ! same1 nor s _m wants z o!rs1 ) respect to _! pleasures1 & t !y d n admit ! same ?+s to be compon5t p>ts ( !m4 ,h5ce !y h n ! same causes ( uneas9ess f ! *ance ( int]ruption4 ,h5ce also _! happ9ess is m 9 _! own p[]4 ,:at individual c annihilate ! com=ts :i* arise f _! own indu/ry1 or _! dome/ic enjoym5ts1 or _! fri5dly int]c\rse ) ea* o!r1 or _! employm5ts1 :i* arise f _! discipl9e1 & f _! trade & call+s8 ,b h[ easily are _m ( ! reput$ enjoym5ts ( ! _w to be brok58 ,"s p place _! happ9ess 9 a r\t9e ( con/itut$ pleasures4 ,9 proportion z ^! h be5 frequ5tly resort$ to1 !y w h got into ! habit z ! necess>y enjoym5ts ( life4 ,take away !n f p]sons 9 su* habits ! p[] ( ^! _! ord9>y gratifications1 & y w make !m languid1 & ev5 wret*$4 ,!re w be a wide *asm1 :i* !y w n "k h[ to fill up2 a dull vacuum ( "t1 :i* w make _! exi/5ce insipid2 a disappo9tm5t1 :i* w c>ry ) x a lac]at+ /+4 ,9 "s ( ! high] circles ( life1 accu/om$ to su* r\nds ( pleasure1 :o does n "k t ! ,sunday is lam5t$ z ! mo/ cruel int]rupt] ( _! enjoym5ts8--,no %opp+ 9 ! morn+--no !atre or r\te 9 ! ev5+--,no?+ b dull heavy *ur* />es !m 9 ! face4 ,b ,i w n c>ry ?is picture to ! l5g? to :i* ,i am capable4 ,i %all only obs]ve t1 :]e p]sons adopt a r\t9e ( con/itut$ pleasures1 !y are creat+ fictiti\s wants = !mselves1 & mak+ _! own happ9ess subject to int]ruption1 & putt+ x into ! p[] ( o!rs4 ,! ,quak]s1 h[ev]1 by ! total rejection ( all ! amusem5ts includ$ 9 ! r\t9e allud$ to1 "k no?+ ( ! drawbacks or disadvantages describ$4 ,! ,quak]s aga9 are exempt f sev]al ( ! causes ( uneas9ess1 :i* atta* to ! _w at l>ge4 ,"s g to ! gam+-table1 & ru9 !mselves & _! families1 & de/roy ! peace ( _! m9ds4 ,b ! ,quak]s are nev] f\nd injur+ _! =tunes or _! happ9ess by su* disreputable means4 ,o!rs di/urb ! h>mony ( _! lives by intemp]ate sallies ( passion4 ,x has be5 well obs]v$1 t1 :atev] may be ! duration ( a man's ang]1 s mu* "t he loses ( ! enjoym5t ( 8 life4 ,! ,quak]s1 h[ev]1 h b few mis]able mom5ts on ?is acc\nt4 ,a due subjugation ( ! passions has be5 g5]ally in/ill$ into !m f e>ly y\?4 ,provocation seldom produces 9 !m any intemp]ate w>m?1 or takes away1 9 any mat]ial degree1 f ! app>5t composure ( _! m9ds4 ,o!rs aga91 by indulg+ _! ang]1 are (t5 hurri$ into actions ( :i* ! consequ5ces vex & torm5t !m1 & ( :i* !y (t5 bitt]ly rep5t4 ,b ! ,quak]s endeav\r to avoid qu>rell+1 & !re=e !y (t5 /e] cle> ( ! p>ty & family feuds ( o!rs4 ,!y avoid also1 z mu* z possible1 ! law1 s t !y h seldom any ( ! lawsuits to h>ass & di/urb !m1 :i* int]rupt ! tranquillity ( o!rs by ! heavy exp5ce1 & by ! la/+ enmities !y occasion4 ,! ,quak]s aga9 are exempt f _m ( ! o!r passions :i* contribute to ! unhapp9ess ( ! _w at l>ge4 ,"s m5 h an almo/ b\ndless ambition4 ,!y are desir\s ( worldly hon\rs1 or ( em95t /ations1 or ( a public "n1 & pursue ^! objects 9 _! passage ?r\gh life ) an avidity :i* di/urbs ! repose ( _! m9ds4 ,b ! ,quak]s sc>cely "k any su* feel+ z t ( ambition1 & ( c\rse sc>cely any ( ! torm5ts t belong to x4 ,!y are less captivat$ by ! spl5d\r ( hon\rs ?an any o!r p1 & !y _h r live 9 ! memory ( a few valuable fri5ds1 ?an be h&$ d[n to po/]ity = ^? de$s1 :i* g5]ally con/itute ! basis ( public "*4 ,o!rs aga91 :o _c obta9 ^! hon\rable di/ractions1 envy ^? :o possess !m4 ,!y envy ! v coronet ^u ! coa*1 z x passes by4 ,b ! ,quak]s c h no su* feel+s z ^!4 ,!y pass 9 _! pilgrimage ?r\gh life reg>dless ( su* di/9ctions1 or !y e/imate !m b z ! baubles ( !1 day4 ,x w\ld be folly !re=e to suppose1 t !y c\ld be envi\s ( t :i* !y d n covet4 ,! ,quak]s aga9 are exempt f "s ( ! occasions ( uneas9ess :i* arise to o!rs f consid]ations on ! subject ( religion4 ,"s p1 = example1 pry into :at are d5om9at$ my/]ies4 ,! m !y look into ^!1 ! less !y und]/& !m1 or r1 ! m !y are p]plex$ & conf\nd$4 ,su* an enquiry too1 :ile x bewild]s ! und]/&+1 g5]ally affects ! m9d4 ,b ! ,quak]s avoid all su* curi\s enquiries z ^!1 & !re=e !y suff] no int]ruption ( _! enjoym5t f ?is s\rce4 ,o!rs aga91 by ! adoption ( gloomy cre$s1 give rise frequ5tly to melan*oly1 & ?us lay 9 = !mselves a /ore ( fuel = ! torm5t ( _! own m9ds4 ,b ! ,quak]s esp\se no doctr9es1 :i*1 :ile !y conduct !mselves uprightly1 c int]rupt ! tranquillity ( _! lives4 ,x is possible !re may be "h & m]e an in/ance :]e _! feel+s may be unduly affect$1 9 consequ5ce ( hav+ c>ri$ ! doctr9e ( ! influ5ce ( ! ,_s1 z f> z x relates to _! own condition1 beyond its prop] b\nds4 ,b individuals1 :o may fell into errors ( ?is nature1 are1 x is to be hop$1 b few2 because any melan*oly1 :i* may arise f ^! causes1 mu/ be ! effect1 n ( g5u9e ,quak]ism1 b ( a deg5]ate sup]/ition4 ,,*ap4 ,,ii4 ,good1 :i* ! ,quak]s h done z a society ^u e>?--by _! g5]al good example--by %ew+ t p]secution = religion is ineffectual--by %ew+ ! practicability ( ! subjugation ( ! w ( man--! influ5ce ( ,*ri/ianity on "*--! inefficacy ( capital puni%m5ts--! be/ object ( puni%m5t--! practicability ( liv+1 ei!r 9 a private or a public capacity1 9 h>mony & peace--! sup]iority ( ! policy ( ! ,gospel ov] ! policy ( ! _w4 ,:5 we consid] man z di/+ui%$ f o!r animals by ! rational & spiritual faculties :i* he possesses1 we _c b conceive x to be a reproa* to 8 nature1 if he does n di/+ui% himself f ^!1 or1 if he does n leave "s trace beh9d him1 t he has exi/$ rationally & pr(itably bo? to himself & o!rs4 ,b if ?is be expect$ ( man1 consid]$ ab/ract$ly z man1 mu* m w x be expect$ ( him1 if he has _h ! advantages ( kn[+ ! doctr9es ( ,*ri/ianity1 & ! sublime example ( ! great ,au?or ( t religion4 ,& ! same obs]vation1 ,i appreh5d1 w hold true ) respect to societies ( m54 ,= if !y h done no good dur+ _! exi/5ce1 we _c see h[ !y c escape c5sure1 or t x w\ld n h be5 bett] t !y _h n exi/$ at all4 ,?is consid]ation leads me to enquire1 :at good ! ,quak]s h done s9ce _! in/itution1 z a society1 ^u e>?4 ,x 0 said ( ! ,quak]s 9 ,george ,fox's "t1 aft] _! "* _h be5 e/abli%$1 t1 if !y did n /&1 ! nation w\ld run into debau*]y4 ,by ?is ,i appreh5d x 0 meant1 t x 0 a desirable ?+ to h a p to look up to1 :o1 resid+ 9 ! 'mid/ ( a vici\s community1 pr(ess$ to be foll[]s ( t :i* 0 "r1 & to resi/ ! curr5t ( bad example 9 _! own times2 or t su* a p might be consid]$ z a leav51 t might leav5 ! :ole lump1 b t1 if ?is leav5 7 lo/1 ! community might lose "o ( its visible incitem5ts to virtue4 ,n[ 9 ?is way ! ,quak]s h _h a c]ta9 g5]al usefulness 9 ! _w4 ,!y h kept m1 ,i appreh5d1 to fir/ pr9ciples1 ?an any o!r p4 ,!y h af=d$ a moral example4 ,?is example ought to h be5 useful to o!rs4 ,to ^? :o 7 well incl9$1 x %\ld h be5 z a tor* to h light$ up _! virtue1 & x %\ld h be5 a p]petual monum5t = repro( to o!rs1 :o 7 ent]+ ^u a c>e] ( vice4 ,! fir/ p>ticul> good1 aft] ! g5]al "o n[ /at$1 :i* ! ,quak]s h done1 has be51 t !y h %ewn to ^? :o h be5 spectators ( _! conduct1 t all p]secution = matt]s ( religion1 z x is highly crim9al 9 ! eyes ( ! ,supreme ,be+1 s x is inadequate to ! end propos$4 ,?is proposition1 inde$1 seems to be tol]ably ,well und]/ood at ! pres5t day4 ,at lea/ !y ^: m9ds h be5 well in=m$1 ackn[l$ge x4 ,! hi/ory ( m>tyrdom1 by :i* we le>n h[ religion so>s above all suff]+1 h[ ! torm5ts inflict$ on ! body are unable to rea* ! m9d1 h[ ! moral ,gov]nor ( ! _w reigns triumphant ^u e>?1 h[ tyranny & oppression fall pro/rate be=e virtue1 los+ _! malignant aim1 has be5 "o1 among o!r causes1 ( ?is k4 ,b z hi/ory is kn[n b to few1 & is n rememb]$ by all1 ! ,quak]s are p>ticul>ly useful by hold+ up ! tru? ( ! proposition to our daily sight1 t is1 by ! example !y cont9ue to af=d u ( be>+ _! te/imony 9 all cases :]e ! civil magi/rate is conc]n$ on ! "o h&1 & _! consci5ces on ! o!r4 ,a second good1 :i* ! ,quak]s h done1 is by %ew+1 z a :ole body1 ! p[] ( ,*ri/ianity 9 ! subjugation ( ! w ( m51 & its influ5ce on _! "*4 ,!y are liv+ pro(s1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 t human nature is n ! /ubborn ?+1 :i* _m h imag9$ x to be2 t1 h[ev] x may be deprav$1 x is /ill corrigible2 & t ?is correction is univ]sally practicable1 = t !re are z v>i\s dispositions 9 ?is society z 9 any o!r 9 proportion to its numb]s4 ,!y %ew1 t ,*ri/ianity c alt] ! temp]1 t x c level enmities1 & t !re is no j occasion = any to despair4 ,& !y are liv+ pro(s1 9 ! second1 z to :at k9d ( "* ,*ri/ianity1 :]e x is rightly receiv$1 w produce2 ,!y are liv+ pro(s1 t x c produce sobriety1 in(f5siv5ess1 simplicity1 *>ity1 peace1 & ! dome/ic & o!r virtues4 ,n[ ?\gh e private ,*ri/ian c %ew 9 himself an example ( ^! effects1 yet ! ,quak]s %ew x1 n by produc+ solit>y in/ances1 b z a body2 ! temp] ( ! great mass ( _! memb]s be+ app>5tly ca/ 9 ! same m\ld1 & _! "*1 z a society1 be+ ackn[l$g$ to be t ( a moral p4 ,& "h ,i _c b /op = a mom5t to pay a j tribute to ! ,quak] sy/em1 z "o ( ! be/ modes ( ! ,*ri/ian ,religion2 = :e!r ! doctr9es :i* belong to x1 or :e!r ! discipl9e :i* x promotes1 or :e!r bo? ( !m conjo9tly1 produce ! effects :i* h be5 j relat$1 c]ta9 x is1 t !y are produc$4#dd ,b t sy/em ( religion is surely ! mo/ excell5t1 :i* produces1 fir/1 ! greate/1 &1 secondly1 ! mo/ univ]sal effect ^u ^? :o pr(ess x4 ,= :at is ! use ( any p>ticul> cre$1 or :]e is ! advantage ( any "o cre$ above ano!r1 if x _c give ! great *>act]i/ic m>ks ( a ,*ri/ian1 a subjugat$ m9d & a moral "*8 ,:at signifies ! cre$ ( any p>ticul> description ( ,*ri/ian pr(essors1 if x has no influ5ce on ! he>t1 or if we see pr(essors among ^! giv+ way to _! passions1 or af=d+ an inconsi/5t example to ! _w4 ,footnote #dd3 ,_m ( ! ,quak]s 9 ,am]ica1 influ5c$ by cu/om1 ,adopt$ ! practice ( hold+ slaves4 ,b on a due recurr5ce to _! pr9ciples !y gave fre$om to ^! unconditionally1 ?us do+ ano!r public good 9 ! _w1 & giv+ ano!r example ( ! p[] ( religion on ! m9d4 ,! ,quak]s h giv51 aga91 9 ! re=ms1 :i*1 9 ! fir/ volume1 ,i describ$ !m to h introduc$ into legislation1 a beautiful & practical lesson ( jurisprud5ce to ! gov]nors ( all nations4 ,!y h %ewn ! inefficacy ( capital puni%m5ts2 t ! be/ object 9 ! puni%m5t ( (f5d]s is _! re=mation2 t ?is accords be/ ) ! g5ius & _s ( ! ,*ri/ian ,religion2 & t :ile su* a sy/em1 :5 foll[$1 re/ores ! ab&on$ to usefulness 9 society1 x dim9i%es ! numb] ( crimes4#de ,footnote #de3 ,see ,vol4 ,i1 ,sect4 #d1 p4 #aih4 ,!y h %ewn aga91 by _! own example1 t x is n s difficult = m5 to live peaceably toge!r1 z has be5 usually believ$2 & !y h exhibit$ ! means by :i* !y h effect$ ?is desirable end 9 life4 ,& z !y h prov$1 t ?is is practicable 9 private1 s !y h prov$1 z has appe>$ 9 ?is volume1 t x is practicable 9 public life1 or1 :i* is ! same ?+1 !y h %ewn1 t 9 ! int]c\rse :i* exi/s betwe5 nations1 !re is no necessity = w>s4 ,!y h %ewn & e/abli%$ aga9 by ! two latt] in/ances1 bo? ( :i* relate to gov]nm5t1 a proposition :i* seems sc>cely to be believ$1 if we judge by ! practice ( /atesm51 b ! tru? ( :i* ought = ev] to be insi/$ ^u1 t ! policy ( ! ,gospel is sup]ior to ! policy ( ! _w4 ,?is is a portion ( ! good :i* ! ,quak]s h done s9ce _! appe>ance z a society 9 ! _w4 ,:at o!r good !y h done x is n necess>y to specify4 ,& z to :at !y w\ld d1 if !y 7 p]mitt$ to become univ]sal legislators1 x may be a pleas+ subject = contemplation1 b x does n fall )9 ! limits ( ! pres5t *apt]4 ,,*ap4 ,,iii4 ,g5]al op9ion1 t ! ,quak]s are on ! decl9e z a society--,obs]vations ^u ?is subject--,op9ion believ$1 ^u ! :ole1 to be true--,causes ( ?is suppos$ decl5sion--,mix$ m>riages--,ti!s--,pursuit ( trade1 z connect$ ) ! peculi> habits ( ! society1 & a resid5ce 9 ! t[ns--,education4 ,i h (t5 he>d x sugge/$ z matt] = conv]sation1 :e!r ! ,quak]s 7 increas+ or decreas+ 9 _! numb]1 & ! result has always be5 an op9ion1 t !y 7 a decl9+ body4 ,:5 we consid] ! simplicity & ev5 philosophy ( ! ,quak] religion1 ! pres]vation x af=ds aga9/ ! follies & difficulties ( life1 & ! happ9ess to :i* x ultimately leads1 we %all wond] t ! progress ( ! society1 9 po9t ( numb]1 has n be5 great] ?an we f9d x4 ,& :5 we consid]1 on ! o!r h&1 h[ difficult x is to be a ,quak]1 h[ mu* x is aga9/ ! temp] & disposition ( man to be s+ul>1 or to resi/ ! tide ( cu/om & fa%ion1 & to und]go an ordeal ( suff]+ on ^! acc\nts1 we %all wond] t x has n be5 long ago ext9ct4 ,t _m are dis[n$ by ! society1 9 consequ5ce ( :i* its numb]s are dim9i%$1 is true4 ,t o!rs come into x f o!r qu>t]s1 by :i* an increase is giv5 to x1 indep5d5tly ( its own natural population1 is true also4 ,b :e!r ! new memb]s exce$ ! dis[n$1 or ! dis[n$ ! new1 is ! "q to be resolv$4 ,n[ no p h _h bett] opportunities ( asc]ta9+ ?is po9t1 ?an ! ,quak]s !mselves4 ,by means ( _! mon?ly meet+s !y might ) ease h in/itut$ a c5sus on a giv5 day4 ,!y might h r5ew$ su* a c5sus4 ,!y might h comp>$ ! returns 9 e case4 ,b z no su* c5sus has ev] be5 made1 ! ,quak]s !mselves1 ?\gh !y h _! ideas1 _c speak ) p>ticul> accuracy1 on ?is subject4 ,! g5]al op9ion1 h[ev]1 is1 & ! ,quak]s1 ,i appreh5d1 w n d5y b lam5t x1 t ^? :o g out ( ! society are ^u ! :ole m num]\s ?an ^? :o come into x by conv9cem5t1 & !re=e t !re is1 ^u ! :ole1 a decrease among !m4 ,( ! tru? ( ?is op9ion1 "s h adduc$ z a pro(1 t ! qu>t]ly meet+s h be5 r$uc$ to ?ree f\r?s ( _! orig9al numb]4 ,b ?is is n to be consid]$ z a c]ta9 crit]ion ( ! fact4 ,= x is by no means uncommon to f9d1 if ! ,quak]s decrease 9 "o c\nty1 t !y increase 9 ano!r4 ,x has also be5 adduc$1 t _m p>ticul> meet+s h be5 brok5 up1 or t meet+-h\ses 9 ! c\ntry are /&+ des]t$1 or )\t ,quak]s to wor%ip 9 !m4 ,b nei!r c ?is be consid]$ z any infallible pro( ( ! po9t4 ,= x frequ5tly happ5s1 t if ! ,quak]s become less num]\s 9 any p>ticul> village1 !y become m s 9 "s ( ! t[ns ( ! same c\nty4 ,?us no true judgm5t c be =m$ ^u ^! pr9ciples4 ,! ,quak] population1 9 ?is respect1 on acc\nt ( its movem5ts1 resembles ! sea1 :i*1 :ile x loses on "o "p ( its %ores or b\nd>ies1 ga9s ^u ano!r4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 consid]ations1 :i* may be m decisive ( ! fact4 ,9 ! "t ( ,george ,fox ! numb] ( ^? conv]t$ to 8 pr9ciples 0 imm5se4#df ,?is numb]1 if we consult all ! facts t might be adduc$ on ! occasion1 cont9u$ to be l>ge 9 aft] times4 ,n[ x mu/ be obs]v$1 t ! ,quak]s are a sob] & temp]ate p1 t !y g5]ally m>ry at a prop] age1 & t !y h l>ge families4 ,x is !re=e impossible1 if ! desc5dants ( ! e>ly ,quak]s _h cont9u$ 9 ! society1 t _! numb] %\ld n h be5 mu* l>g] ?an we f9d x at ! pres5t day1 &1 if s1 !re mu/ h be5 a secession or an expulsion1 am\nt+1 not)/&+ all influx by conv]sion1 to a decrease4 ,footnote #df3 ,al?\gh ! rem>k may be j1 t 9 ! "t ( ,george ,fox a great numb] 7 conv]t$ to 8 pr9ciples1 yet a small portion ( ^? 7 actually receiv$ into memb]%ip1 & ! same rem>k may correctly be made ev5 9 ! pres5t day3 z x is believ$ t imm5se numb]s are conv9c$ ( ! tru? z held by ! ,quak]s1 b ow+ to _! n be+ will+ to und]go an ordeal ( suff]+ on acc\nt ( _! pr9ciples1 a small portion ( ^? apply to be admitt$ into ! society4 ,,am]ican ,,editor4 ,x is obvi\s aga9 t ! ,quak]s1 9 consequ5ce ( _! indu/ry & _! frugal habits1 mu/ almo/ unavoidably gr[ ri*4 ,n[ if ! desc5dants ( ! e>ly ,quak]s _h rema9$ 9 ! society1 we %\ld h se5 m ov]gr[n =tunes 9 x1 ?an among o!rs 9 proportion to _! numb]s4 ,b ?is is contr>y to ! fact4 ,! v ri*e/1 z ! _w n[ goes1 w\ld n be consid]$ to be p>ticul>ly ri*2 & x is a tru? t ^? :o are afflu5t among !m h g5]ally be5 ! f\nd]s1 by means ( _! indu/ry & integrity1 ( _! own =tunes4 ,x is1 aga91 a matt] ( obs]vation among ! ,quak]s1 n[ gr[n into a tru?1 t if m5 gr[ ri* 9 ! society1 _! gr&-*ildr5 g5]ally leave x4 ,b surely ?is am\nts to a confession1 t 9 a p>ticul> "p ( ! society !re are ! se$s ( a regul> & successive decrease4 ,t ! ,quak]s !n ^u ! :ole are a decl9+ body1 !re c be no d\bt4#dg ,:ile ,i /ate x1 ,i lam5t x4 ,i lam5t t !re %\ld be any dim9ution ( numb] among ^? :o h done s mu* good 9 ! _w1 & :o h s ju/ly obta9$ ! reputation ( a moral p4 ,?is consid]ation w lead me to enquire into ! causes ( ?is decl9e4 ,x w impel me also to enquire into ! means ( rem$y4 ,h[ f> ,i may be successful 9 ! latt] attempt1 ,i am unable to say4 ,b x w always be a pleas+ consid]ation to me1 to h tri$ to prev5t ! decrease ( a virtu\s p4 ,footnote #dg3 ,aga9/ ?is decrease we _c set (f any great increase by admission into memb]%ip4 ,! dress1 ! language1 ! fe> ( be+ s+ul>1 ! discipl9e ) its v>i\s re/ra9ts1 ! unwill+ness ( m5 to suff] :]e suff]+ c be avoid$1 ^! & o!r circum/ances are great imp$im5ts 9 ! way ( an entrance into ?is society2 & to ?is ,i may add1 t applications = admission into x are n always compli$ )4 ,) respect !n to ! causes ( ?is decl9e1 to :i* ,i %all conf9e myself 9 ?is *apt]1 !y w be f\nd 9 ! causes ( dis[nm5t4 ,n[ ( ^!1 "s may be call$ orig9al & imm$iate1 & o!rs orig9al & remote4 ,( orig9al & imm$iate1 ! fir/ is :at ! ,quak]s call mix$ m>riage4 ,x has be5 be=e /at$1 t ^? :o m>ry out ( ! society are dis[n$1 & ! reasons = su* dis[nm5ts h be5 giv54 ,a second w be f\nd 9 ti!s4 ,!y :o pay ^! are ultimately dis[n$4 ,& !y are dis[n$ z well = ! paym5t ( lay-ti!s1 z ( ^? :i* are ecclesia/ical4 ,( ! orig9al & remote1 a v prolific cause is ! pursuit ( trade1 connect$ z x is ) ! peculi> habits ( ! society1 & a resid5ce 9 ! t[ns4#dh ,footnote #dh3 ,ow+ p]haps to ! causes alleg$ by ! au?or1 ! society may h decreas$ 9 ,engl&1 yet x is c]ta9 t 9 ?is c\ntry ! numb] ( ,quak]s has v consid]ably increas$4 ,,am]ican ,,editor4 ,to %ew ?is ,i mu/ obs]ve1 fir/1 t ! poor1 comp>atively speak+1 are seldom dis[n$1 = !y "k t !y#di %all nev] be s well provid$ = 9 any o!r society4 ,i mu/ obs]ve aga91 t ! memb]s ( ! middle classes are also1 comp>atively speak+1 b seldom dis[n$4 ,^! mu/ live by trade1 b if s1 !y _c be bett] (f ?an z ,quak]s4 ,! direct conclusion !n1 f ^! obs]vations1 w be1 t ! great] numb] ( ^? :o are dis[n$1 w be f\nd among ! ri*1 or among su* z are gr[+ ri*4 ,h5ce x appe>s1 t1 z f> z ?is orig9al & remote cause is conc]n$1 my enquiry mu/ be1 h[ x happ5s1 t memb]s ( ?is p>ticul> class %\ld be exclud$ f memb]%ip m ?an ^? ( any o!r4 ,footnote #di3 ,i by no means int5d to say1 t ! poor d n rema9 9 ! society f an atta*m5t to its pr9ciples1 b t ?is may be a political motive also4 ,9 answ] to ?is enquiry ,i mu/ say1 z ,i h obs]v$ be=e1 t ,quak]s 9 trade1 hav+ z good abilities1 & z mu* dilig5ce & integrity z o!rs1 w succe$ z well z o!rs 9 x1 b t1 hav+ less s\rces ( outgo+s1 _! sav+s w be g5]ally great]4 ,h5ce !y w h be=e _! eyes ! sight ( a great] accumulation ( weal?4 ,b 9 proportion z su* accumulation ( sub/ance is beheld1 ! love ( x increases4 ,n[ :ile ?is love increases1 or :ile _! he>ts are unduly fix$ on ! mammon ( ! _w1 !y all[ _m little inconsi/5cies 9 _! *ildr5 to escape _! repro(4 ,b1 besides ?is1 z ! religion & ! love ( ! mammon ( ! _w are at v>iance1 !y h a less spiritual disc]nm5t ?an be=e4 ,h5ce !y d n see ! same irregul>ities 9 ! same light4 ,f ?is omission to *eck ^! irregul>ities on ! "o h&1 & f ?is decay ( _! spiritual vision on ! o!r1 _! *ildr5 h great] lib]ties all[$ !m ?an o!rs 9 ! same society4 ,b z ^! exp]i5ce ?is indulg5ce1 or z ^! admit ! cu/oms & fa%ions ( ! _w1 !y gr[ m fond ( !m4 ,n[1 z !y live 9 t[ns1 ! sp>k t is excit$ is soon fann$ into a flame4 ,fa%ions & fa%ionable ?+s1 :i* !y _c b see daily be=e _! eyes1 beg9 to get ! dom9ion4 ,:5 !y are visit$ by :olesome advis]s1 !y dislike ! int]f]5ce4 ,!y "k !y %all be ri*4 ,!y beg9 to ?9k ! discipl9e ( ! society a cruel re/ra9t4 ,!y beg9 to dislike ! society itself1 &1 committ+ irregul>ities1 !y are sometimes 9 consequ5ce dis[n$4 ,b1 if !y %\ld escape dis[nm5t !mselves1 !y entail x g5]ally ^u _! *ildr54 ,^! are br\ght up 9 a /ill loos] mann] ?an !mselves4 ,! same process goes on ) ^! z ) _! p>5ts1 b 9 a /ill high] degree1 till a conduct utt]ly inconsi/5t ) ! pr9ciples ( ! society occasions !m to be sep>at$ f x4 ,?us 9 ! same mann]1 z w>1 accord+ to ! old say+1 begets pov]ty1 & pov]ty peace1 s ! pursuit ( trade1 ) ! peculi> habits ( ! society1 leads to ri*es1 ri*es to fa%ion & lic5ti\sness1 & fa%ion & lic5ti\sness to dis[nm5t1 s t _m ,quak]s educate _! *ildr5 z if !re 7 to be no ,quak]s 9 ! second g5]ation f !mselves4 ,& ?us1 ?\gh1 /rictly speak+1 irregul>ities are ! imm$iate occasion ( ^! dis[nm5ts1 !y are ultimately to be attribut$ to ! orig9al & remote cause z n[ describ$4#ej ,footnote #ej3 ,i hope ,i %all n be und]/ood z involv+ ! ri* 9 a promiscu\s c5sure4 ,i "k z amiable examples among ^! & among _! *ildr51 z among o!rs ( ! society4 ,b we mu/ naturally expect m deviations among ! ri*1 numb] = numb]1 ?an among o!rs4 ,t ?is is by no means an unreasonable acc\nt1 ,i %all %ew 9 "s measure by an appeal to facts4 ,! ,am]ican ,quak]s sprang f ! ,engli%4 ,! ,engli%1 ?\gh dra9$ 9 consequ5ce1 7 /ill consid]able1 :5 comp>$ ) ! =m]4 ,b x is rem>kable1 t ! ,am]ican ,quak]s exce$ ! ,engli% by at lea/ five times _! numb] at ! pres5t day4 ,n[ x mu/ und\bt$ly be confess$1 t ! ,am]icans h advantages1 z f> z ?is fact is conc]n$1 :i* ! ,engli% h n4 ,!y h no ti!s z a cause ( dis[nm5t4 ,_! families also1 ,i believe1 increase m rapidly4 ,_m p]sons also1 z w be ! case 9 a c\ntry t is n fully settl$1 live 9 ! neighb\rhoods ( ! ,quak]s1 b at a di/ance f ^? ( o!r religi\s d5om9ations1 & !re=e1 wi%+ to wor%ip some:]e1 seek memb]%ip ) !m4 ,b ,i appreh5d t a great cause ( ?is disp>ity ( numb] lies 9 ?is diff]5ce ( ! situation ( ! two1 t :]eas ! great ,quak] population 9 ,engl& is 9 ! t[ns ) b a remnant 9 ! c\ntry1 ! great ,quak] population 9 ,am]ica is 9 ! c\ntry ) b a remnant 9 ! t[ns4#ea ,& t ! ,am]icans !mselves believe1 t ! place ( ! resid5ce ( _! memb]s is connect$ 9 "s measure ) ! increase & decrease ( _! society1 x is fair to presume1 f ?is circum/ance1 t1 9 sev]al ( ! qu>t]ly meet+s 9 ,am]ica1 advice has be5 giv5 to p>5ts to br+ up _! *ildr5 9 ! c\ntry1 &1 z little z possible1 9 ! t[ns4 ,footnote #ea3 ,! numb] ( ! ,quak]s is und\bt$ly great 9 "o or two ( ! cities 9 ,am]ica1 b ! :ole t[n-population is n great1 :5 comp>$ ) ! :ole c\ntry-population !re4 ,ano!r ( ! orig9al & remote causes is education4 ,?is1 z x becomes promotive ( ! dim9ution ( ! society1 is ( two k9ds4 ,! fir/ may be call$ ali54 ,! second is su* z is af=d$ 9 ! society itself4 ,"s p>5ts1 gr[+ ri*1 & wi%+ to give _! *ildr5 a bett] education1 ?an !y c get 9 _! own s*ools1 s5d !m to o!rs to be in/ruct$4 ,n[ ! result has n be5 desirable1 :]e x has be5 design$1 t su* *ildr5 %\ld be cont9u$ ,quak]s4 ,= h[ is a poor solit>y ,quak] boy to reta9 ! peculi>ities belong+ to 8 religi\s pr(ession1 9 ! face ( ! :ole s*ool8 ,w n 8 op9ions & mann]s be dr[n$ z x 7 9 ! torr5t ( ! op9ions & mann]s ( ! re/8 ,h[ c he get out ( ?is :irlpool pure8 ,h[1 on 8 return1 w he h>monize ) 8 own society8 ,w n ei!r he1 or 8 desc5dants1 leave x8 ,su* an education may make him und\bt$ly bo? a good & an enlight5$ man1 & s f> "o ( ! mo/ desirable objects 9 life w h be5 accompli%$1 b x c]ta9ly t5ds to de/roy ! peculi> in/itution ( ,quak]ism4 ,! education1 :i* is af=d$ 9 ! society itself1 is divisible aga9 into two k9ds1 into t :i* is moral or religi\s1 & into t :i* is lit]>y or philosophical4 ,x mu/ und\bt$ly be confess$1 9 look+ into t :i* is moral or religi\s1 t suffici5t c>e is n always tak5 ) reg>d to y\?4 ,we sometimes see fa!rs & sons1 & mo!rs & daught]s1 s diff]5t 9 _! appe>ance & deportm5t1 t we %\ld sc>cely h imag9$ !m to be ( ! same family4 ,i am n n[ speak+ ( ^? p>5ts1 :o may live 9 ! t[ns1 & :o may be m ?an ord9>ily devot$ to ! mammon ( ! _w1 b ( "s :o1 liv+ bo? 9 t[n & c\ntry1 give an example ( a lib]al & amiable _s1 & ( a blameless conduct to ! _w4 ,t ! =m] %\ld neglect & lose sight ( _! (fspr+1 :5 _! moral vision is cl\d$ by an undue eag]ness aft] money1 is n to be wond]$ at1 b t ! latt] %\ld d x1 is surpris+4 ,x is c]ta9ly true t "s ( ^! are too indulg5t 9 _! families1 contr>y to ! plan & mann] ( _! own education1 or t !y d n endeav\r to nip all ris+ inconsi/5cies 9 ! bud4 ,! consequ5ce is1 t _! *ildr5 get beyond control 9 "t1 :5 !y lam5t 9 va9 _! dep>ture f ! simplicity ( ! society4 ,h5ce ! real cause ( _! dis[nm5t1 :i* occasionally foll[s1 is n 9 ! *ildr5 runn+ out ( b\nds1 b 9 ! p>5ts runn+ out ( b\nds 9 ! mann]s ( _! *ildr54 ,& "h ,i may add1 t "s p>5ts1 dwell+ too mu* on ! disuse ( =ms 9 religion1 because su* disuse is inculcat$ by _! own doctr9es1 run into ! opposite extreme1 & br+ up _! *ildr5 9 too mu* ignorance ( ! g5]al plan ( ,*ri/ianity1 z x is laid d[n 9 ! lett] ( ! scriptures4 ,) respect to education1 z = x is lit]>y or philosophical1 x is frequ5tly suffici5t = ^? ^u :om x is be/[$4 ,b x does n appe> to me to be c>ri$ to its prop] ext5t1 9 ! case ( ! *ildr5 ( ! ri*1 :5 ,i consid] h[ fri5dly x might be made t[>ds ! promotion ( virtue4 ,"s1 we "k1 gr[+ weal?y1 h _h *ildr5 :5 !y 7 poor]1 &1 :5 9 ?is poor] /ate1 !y h giv5 !m an education :i* has be5 suitable to x1 n calculat+ ^u _! future rise 9 life4 ,b _! *ildr51 hav+ _h su* a limit$ education1 h n _h t :i* has be5 prop] = _! subsequ5t /ation 9 life4 ,o!rs aga91 :o h be5 born 9 bett] circum/ances1 h1 on acc\nt ( an undue depreciation ( human k1 educat$ _! *ildr5 z improp]ly = _! /ation z ! =m]4 ,! *ildr5 !n1 9 bo? ^! cases1 h n _h an education suffici5t1 ) ! prospect ( ri*es be=e !m1 to keep !m out ( ! way ( h>m4 ,!y h n _h1 9 addition to any religi\s in/ruction1 t ta/e giv5 !m = sublime pursuits1 :i* %\ld make !m despise ^? :i* 7 frivol\s4 ,?us _m ( ! corruptive op9ions1 fa%ions1 & amusem5ts ( ! _w h *>m$ !m4 ,giv+ way to ^!1 !y h be5 ov]come4 ,:5 ov]come1 !y h run into excesses1 & = ^! excesses !y h be5 dis[n$4 ,b surely1 ) a bett] education1 !y w\ld h ?\ght all su* corruptive op9ions1 fa%ions1 & amusem5ts1 z bel[ _! notice1 & unwor?y ( _! c\nt5ance & support4 ,,*ap4 ,,iv4 ,suppos$ rem$ies = ! dim9ution ( "s ( ^! causes--,regulations 9 ! case ( mix$ m>riages--,measures to be adopt$ 9 ! pursuit ( trade--,education1 z x is moral or religi\s1 to be m /rictly en=c$ 9 "s families--z x is lit]>y or philosophical1 to be c>ri$ to a great] ext5t among ! *ildr5 ( ! ri*--,object ( ?is latt] education--,nature ( x z consi/+ bo? k & prohibitions--,h[ x w\ld op]ate aga9/ ! fasc9at+ allurem5ts ( ! _w1 or to ! end proposal4 ,i ,purpose n[ to sugge/1 z briefly z ,i c1 su* op9ions1 z1 if adopt$1 might possibly op]ate z rem$ies to "s ( ! evils :i* h be5 describ$4 ,9 do+ ?is ,i am aw>e ( ! difficulties t await me4 ,i am s5sible t ,i ought n to be too sangu9e z to ! result ( all my obs]vations ^u ?is subject & yet1 ,i _c b ?9k1 t ,i may be successful 9 "s ( !m4 ,ardu\s1 h[ev]1 z ! task1 & dubi\s z my success may be1 ,i am enc\rag$1 on ! prospect ( be+ b p>tially useful1 to und]take x4 ,on ! fir/ ( ! orig9al & imm$iate causes :i* h be5 m5tion$1 ,i mean mix$ m>riages1 ,i %all h b little to say4 ,i d n see h[ x is possible1 :ile ! society means to keep up a due subord9ation among its memb]s1 n to dis[n su* z may m>ry out ( x4 ,9 mix$ families1 su* z ^! m>riages produce1 x is 9 va9 to expect t ! discipl9e c be c>ri$ on1 z has be5 %ewn 9 ! second volume4 ,&1 )\t ?is discipl9e1 ! society w\ld h>dly keep up1 9 ! ext5sive mann] x does1 ! "* ( a moral p4 ,i ?9k1 h[ev]1 t "s good might be done by regulations to be univ]sally obs]v$4 ,?us !y1 :o are deput$ to in=m ! dis[n$ ( _! exclusion f memb]%ip1 %\ld be ( ! mo/ amiable temp] & conciliatory mann]s4 ,e unqualifi$ p]son %\ld be exclud$ f ^! missions4 ,p]mission %\ld be solicit$ = bo? ! m>ri$ p]sons to be pres5t on su* occasions4 ,x is difficult to e/imate ! good effect :i* ! deput$1 if ( sweet & t5d] dispositions1 or ! bad effects :i* ! deput$1 if ( cold & au/]e mann]s1 might h ^u ^? !y visit$1 or :at bias x might give ! "o 9 p>ticul>1 :o _h nev] be5 9 memb]%ip1 = or aga9/ ! society4 ,p]mission also might be solicit$1 ev5 :5 ! mission 0 ov] = future fri5dly opportunities or visits1 :i* w\ld %ew 9 ! society itself a t5d] reg>d & solicitude = ! welf>e ( its =m] memb]s4 ,x is n at all improbable1 f ! impression :i* su* app>5t reg>d & solicitude might occasion1 t ! *ildr5 ( ! visit$1 ?\gh n memb]s1 might be br\ght up 9 ! rules ( memb]%ip4 ,& f9ally x appe>s to me to be desirable1 t ! dis[n$1 if !y %\ld give pro( by _! own lives & ! education ( _! *ildr51 ( _! atta*m5t to ! pr9ciples ( ! society1 & %\ld solicit re/oration to memb]%ip1 %\ld be admitt$ into x aga9 )\t any ackn[l$gm5t ( pa/ errors1 & :olly z new & conv9c$ memb]s4 ,) respect to ! second ( ! imm$iate & orig9al causes1 :i* is to be f\nd 9 ti!s1 ,i may obs]ve t x is1 z = z ,i c collect1 b a small & an inf]ior "o1 few be+ dis[n$ on ?is acc\nt1 & /ill few] n[ ?an =m]ly4 ,x w\ld be desirable1 h[ev]1 few z ^! in/ances may be1 to prev5t !m4 ,b ,i fe> t no rem$y c be po9t$ out1 9 :i* ! ,quak]s w\ld acquiesce1 except x c\ld be %ewn1 t a di/9ction might be made betwe5 ! paym5t ( ecclesia/ical & lay-ti!s1 :i* w\ld n int]f]e ) ! great t5ets ( ! society on ?is subject4 ,a ?ird cause ( dis[nm5t1 b ?is belongs to ! orig9al & remote1 0 %ewn to be ! pursuit ( trade1 connect$ z x is ) ! peculi> habits ( ! society & a resid5ce 9 ! t[ns4 ,i may propose z rem$ies = ?is1 fir/1 t p>5ts %\ld be c>eful to exhibit a good example to _! *ildr54 ,secondly1 z ,i h be=e obs]v$1 t !y %\ld prescribe to !mselves mod]ation 9 ! acquisition ( weal?1 ei!r by rel9qui%+ trade at a giv5 "t1 or by deal+ out ! pr(its ( x m lib]ally ?an common 9 ! way ( b5evol5ce1 s t _! *ildr51 9 ea* case1 may nev] h ! mis=tune ( ! prospect ( a l>ge money$ indep5d5ce be=e _! eyes4 ,or la/ly1 t !y %\ld give !m a bett] education ?an !y d at pres5t1 on :i* subject1 accord+ to ! prescrib$ ord] ( ?+s1 ,i am n[ to speak4 ,a f\r? cause !n1 b ?is belongs also to ! orig9al & remote1 0 %ewn to exi/ 9 education4 ,& education1 z x 0 promotive ( ! dim9ution ( ! society1 0 ( two k9ds4 ,) respect to t "p ( x :i* is ali51 ! rem$y is easy4 ,!re has be5 great difficulty 9 procur+ prop] s*oolma/]s1 ,i mean su* z h be5 ,quak]s4 ,two reasons may be giv5 = ?is4 ,! fir/ is1 t ! society hav+ be5 backw>d 9 af=d+ due enc\ragem5t to le>n+1 few ( any great lit]>y acquisitions h be5 br\ght up 9 x4 ,! second is1 t p]sons h f\nd1 t !y c\ld make mu* less ( _! "t 9 su* a l9e ( employm5t ?an 9 ! way ( trade4 ,b surely ! ,quak]s1 z a body 9 com=table & indep5d5t circum/ances1 might easily rem$y ! evil4 ,does n a man1 :o devotes 8 "t to ! in/ruction ( y\?1 des]ve to be made z com=table z ! man :o sells silv] ut5sils1 or bracelets1 or e>-r+s1 or o!r articles ( trade8 ,is !re any comp>ison betwe5 ! moral usefulness ( ^!8 ,is !re any pr(ession m useful ?an t :i* =ms ! y\?ful m9d8 or r1 is x n ! mo/ important pr(ession 9 ! /ate8#eb ,footnote #eb3 ,x is b ju/ice to ! ,quak]s to obs]ve1 t !y are tak+ m pa9s ?an =m]ly 9 ! promotion ( ?is object4 ,i am told t !re are m private sem9>ies n[ kept by ,quak]s = ! education ( ! y\? ( _! own society1 ?an ev5 be=e ! in/itution ( ,ackwor? s*ool4 ,) respect to ! education :i* is acquir$ 9 ! society itself1 ! rem$y is n difficult4 ,?is education 0 %ewn to be ( two k9ds4 ,on t "p ( x1 :i* is moral or religi\s1 ,i may obs]ve1 t ! rem$y is 9 ! p>5ts !mselves4 ,! fir/ ?+ to be recomm5d$ is an univ]sal vigilance ov] ! disposition & mann]s ( *ildr51 s t no c5surable appe>ance1 :e!r 9 temp] or 9 conduct1 may be all[$ to pass )\t suitable notice or repro(1 or t ! bud1 :i* promises to be corruptive ( morals1 %\ld no soon] make its appe>ance1 ?an x %\ld be cut (f4 ,9 cases ( s mu* importance1 z :]e ! happ9ess bo? ( p>5ts & *ildr5 is conc]n$1 ! =m] %\ld be peculi>ly circumspect4 ,!y %\ld n talk ab\t ?+s1 b insi/ ^u !m1 on all prop] occasions4 ,!y %\ld n po9t out1 b r$ress4 ,!y %\ld n lop (f ! bran*es1 b lay ! axe to ! root4 ,& surely y\? is ! be/ season = su* :olesome int]f]5ce4 ,x is1 9 ! fir/ place1 ! season 9 :i* a rem$y is practicable2 = we are assur$1 if we tra9 up a *ild 9 ! way he %\ld g1 t1 :5 he is old1 he w n dep>t f x4 ,x is1 secondly1 ! season 9 :i* x is mo/ practicable2 = c we hope to b5d ! tree s easily to our =m1 z ! sapl+ f :5ce x came8 &1 ?irdly1 x is ! season 9 :i* x is practicable only1 = w n a small irregul>ity gr[1 if uncontroll$1 to a great]8 ,w n "o irregul>ity also1 if n prop]ly *eck$1 give bir? to o!rs8 ,& may n ^! be s incorporat$ into ! inn] man 9 a c\rse ( "t1 t x may be z difficult = p>5ts to eradicate !m1 z = ! ,e?iopian to *ange 8 col\r1 or ! leop>d 8 spots8 ,b surely ! ,quak]s ought to "k ! impropriety ( undue indulg5ces 9 _! families1 z well z any o!r p8 ,is n ! e>ly subjugation ( ! w a doctr9e m p>ticul>ly adopt$ by !m z a society8 ,)\t su* a subjugation d !y n conceive ! m9d to be 9 an unfit /ate to receive ! admonitions ( ! pure pr9ciple1 & ( c\rse to make a true pr(ici5cy 9 religion8 ,d !y n consid] !mselves also z a highly pr(ess+ p1 & d !y n "k t ! _w expects m f !m ?an f o!rs8 ,b h[ c _! *ildr5 ev] p]petuate ?is extraord9>y "* aft] !m1 or %ew t _! p>5ts possess$ x1 unless !y are br\ght up 9 a peculi>ly gu>d$ mann]8 ,9 addition to ^! obs]vations x may be recomm5d$1 t p>5ts %\ld be c>eful to give _! *ildr5 :at may be call$ a lit]al in/ruction 9 ,*ri/ianity1 9 contradi/9ction to pure !ism1 or to ^? doctr9es :i* !y conceive may come f ! tea*+s ( ! ,holy ,_s1 s t !y may h a m intimate k ( all _! pr9ciples1 z a ,*ri/ian body4 ,) respect to t "p ( education :i* may consi/ ( k z x is lit]>y or philosophical1 ,i conceive x might be att5d$ ) advantage to c>ry x to a great] ext5t ?an has hi!rto be5 practis$ 9 ! society1 b p>ticul>ly ! latt]4 ,no?+ is s delightful to y\? z exp]im5tal philosophy1 by :i* !y see ! causes ( ?+s unfold$ to _! view4 ,no sci5ce takes _! att5tion m1 or incl9es !m1 9 ! f>!r pursuit ( x1 to be satisfi$ ) home4 ,& yet ,i d\bt :e!r ?is bran* ( le>n+ be n almo/ :olly neglect$ 9 ! ,quak] s*ools4 ,! education :i* is receiv$ 9 ! society1 z x consi/s ( ! two k9ds ( k describ$1 is n1 9 my appreh5sion1 c>ri$ f> en\gh1 s z to suit ! peculi> situation ( ! *ildr5 ( ! ri*4 ,^! are !y1 :o are mo/ 9 dang]4 ,^! are !y1 :o1 hav+ ! prospect ( weal? be=e !m1 h ! prospect ( be+ able to procure de/ructive pleasures4 ,^! are !y1 :o1 hav+ ! prospect ( indep5d5ce1 d n fe> ! op9ion ( ! _w or ! loss ( reputation 9 x1 l ^?1 :o h _! livelihood to obta9 by _! own indu/ry4 ,n[ x %\ld be ! p>ticul> object ( ! education ( ^!1 z inde$ x %\ld be ( all ri* p]sons1 s to in/ruct !m1 t1 :ile !y are oblig$ to live 9 ! _w1 !y may be enabl$ to live out ( x1 or d5y x2 s t1 :5 seat$ amid/ its corrupt op9ions1 amusem5ts1 & fa%ions1 !y %\ld e/imate !m z bel[ _! notice1 & z utt]ly unwor?y ( _! c\nt5ance & support4 ,i %\ld be sorry if1 9 hold+ up ?is species ( education to a f>!r enc\ragem5t1 z a pres]vative ( ! morals ( ! *ildr5 ( ri* p>5ts amid/ ! v>i\s temptations ( life1 ,i 7 to be ?\ght to endeav\r to take away 9 any degree ! necessity ( ! influ5ce ( ! ,holy ,_s on ! m9d ( man1 or to d5y t ?is ,_s ought n to be resort$ to z ! fir/ & be/ guide1 bo? by ri* & poor1 dur+ _! pilgrimage ^u e>?4 ,= :o c tea* u be/ to d5y ! _w8 ,:o c tea* u be/ to e/imate its pursuits8 ,:o c in/ruct u be/ to resi/ its temptations8 ,to ! ,div9e ,be+ !n we are fir/ to look up1 z to him :o c be ! be/ au?or ( all our good1 & ! sure/ av]t] ( all our evils1 :o c apply ! be/ rem$y to ! imp]fections ( our nature1 & :o1 :ile he leads u 9 safety1 c lead u into ! way ( tru?4 ,b :5 we consid] h[ _m are inatt5tive1 on acc\nt ( ! c>es1 & pleasures1 & fa%ions1 & prejudices1 & cu/oms ( ! _w1 to ! secret notices ( 8 grace1 ,i _c help consid]+ t we may be all[$ to h second>y & subord9ate helps to our virtue4 ,z ! discipl9e ( ! ,quak] society may produce & pres]ve a c]ta9 purity ( life1 s may a lit]>y & philosophical education op]ate to ! same end4 ,su* an education is 9 its g5]al t5d5cy a fri5d to ! promotion ( virtue & to ! disc\ragem5t ( vice4 ,x sets u (t5 unque/ionably above _m ( ! corruptive op9ions & cu/oms 9 ! mid/ ( :i* we live4 ,x leads u also frequ5tly to ! contemplation ( ! ,div9e ,be+ 9 all ! v>iety ( 8 works4 ,x gives u amiable1 awful1 & sublime conceptions ( him4 ,z f>1 !re=e1 z x is capable ( do+ ?is1 x is a useful1 ?\gh x be only a subord9ate s\rce ( our purity1 & we may !re=e adopt x innoc5tly4 ,b we are nev] to =get1 at ! same "t1 t1 ?\gh x may help u occasionally to resi/ corrupt temptations1 & to enc\rage desirable prop5sities1 yet x _c d e ?+ = u t is necess>y1 & t we are nev] to ov]look1 on ?is acc\nt1 ! necessity ( ! influ5ce ( ! ,holy ,_s4 ,to %ew 9 :at ! education1 :i* "u ^! limitations ,i am go+ to propose1 may consi/1 ,i %all revive ! controv]sy betwe5 ! philosophical morali/s & ! ,quak]s1 z describ$ 9 ! eigh? *apt] ( ! fir/ volume4 ,! philosophical morali/s cont5d$1 t k 0 to be pref]r$1 z be+ m to be reli$ ^u ?an prohibitions3 t prohibitions 7 (t5 causes ( great] evils ?an !y 7 int5d$ to prev5t2 t !y !mselves 7 fri5ds to occasional indulg5cies2 t !y saw no?+ necess>ily or inh]5tly mis*iev\s 9 ! amusem5ts ( ! _w2 t x 0 n wise to anticipate dang] by look+ to di/ant prospects1 :]e ! ?+s 7 innoc5t 9 !mselves2 t ignorance ( vice 0 no gu>dian ( morals2 t causes1 & n sub-causes1 7 to be cont5d$ aga9/2 & t !re 0 no c]ta9 security b 9 k & 9 a love ( virtue4 ,to ?is ! ,quak]s repli$1 t prohibitions 7 sanction$ by div9e au?ority2 t z f> z !y relat$ to ! corrupt amusem5ts ( ! _w1 !y 7 impli$ 9 ! _s ( ,*ri/ianity2 t ! k1 :i* %\ld be promotive ( virtue1 c\ld n be inculcat$ )\t !m2 t k aga91 if x 7 to be acquir$ by ! p]mission ( occasional indulg5ces1 or by be+ all[$ to pass ?r\gh sc5es :i* might be dang]\s to virtue1 w\ld be m ru9\s ?an ignorance by a prohibition ( vice2 t ignorance ( vice 0 an ess5tial 9 ,*ri/ian morals2 & t prohibitions !re=e 7 indisp5sably necess>y1 & bett] to be reli$ ^u1 ?an any corrupt k1 :i* might arise f an acqua9tance ) ! cu/oms ( ! _w4 ,?is !n 0 ! /ate ( ! controv]sy1 z describ$ 9 ! fir/ volume4 ,& 9 ?is /ate x 0 left4 ,b1 to expla9 ! education :i* ,i h 9 view1 ,i %all n[ br+ x to a conclusion4 ,i mu/ obs]ve !n1 t ! philosophical morali/s _h ! advantage ( ! ,quak]s 9 ?is controv]sy1 inasmu* z !y suppos$ t k 0 a bett] safegu>d to morals ?an a m]e ignorance ( vice2 b !y fail$ 9 ?is1 t !y p]mitt$ ?is k to be acquir$ by pass+ ?r\gh sc5es :i* might n be fri5dly to virtue4 ,n[ ?is latt] p]mission is inadmissible 9 a ,*ri/ian education2 = no ,*ri/ian y\? ought to be p]mitt$ to see or to he> t :i* ought n to be utt]$ or exhibit$ by a ,*ri/ian4 ,! ,quak]s1 on ! o!r h&1 _h ! advantage ( ! philosophical morali/s1 inasmu* z !y consid]$ ignorance to be bett] ?an corrupt$ k2 b !y fail$ 9 ?is1 t !y seem$ to rely ^u ignorance ( vice z a safegu>d aga9/ x1 )\t a prop] portion ( k4 ,! education !n1 to :i* ,i allude1 ought to embrace ! mo/ valuable positions ( bo?4 ,x %\ld consi/ ( k1 & x %\ld consi/ ( wise prohibitions also4 ,k & prohibitions are insep>able4 ,:ile ! m9d is ga9+ k1 x %\ld be kept innoc5t4 ,& :ile x is kept innoc5t1 x %\ld be ga9+ k4 ,y\? %\ld h t k9d ( k in/ill$ into !m1 by :i* !y %\ld disc]n ! value ( ! prohibitions :i* are enjo9$ !m4 ,!y %\ld h su* & s mu* k1 t if !y 7 accid5tally plac$ 9 ! way ( ! ?+s prohibit$1 !y %\ld be able to look !m 9 ! face1 & pass ?r\gh !m )\t injury4 ,?is is t education1 :i*1 )\t sup]s$+ ! necessity ( ! influ5ce ( ! ,holy ,_s1 has a t5d5cy to enable p]sons1 :ile !y live 9 ! _w1 to live out ( x or d5y x4 ,b le/ ,i %\ld n be cle>ly und]/ood ^u ?is subject1 ,i w exemplify h[ su* an education w\ld act or op]ate to ! end propos$4 ,&1 fir/ ( all1 k may be acquir$ by read+4 ,n[ !re are two k9ds ( read+1 ! "o useful1 ! o!r dang]\s4 ,by ! premises1 ,i am to adopt ! fir/1 & to prohibit ! la/4 ,if !n ,i accu/om my *ild to ! be/ & pure/ models ( anci5t & mod]n lit]ature1 ,i give him a c]ta9 ta/e = composition4 ,if ,i accu/om him to ! pure/ & mo/ amiable s5tim5ts1 z conta9$ 9 ^!1 ,i give him a love ( virtue4 ,if ,i height5 ^! s5tim5ts by beautiful selections f ! m pure & amiable s5tim5ts ( ,*ri/ianity1 ,i increase t love4 ,if ,i give him 9 my own conduct an example1 he sees me practise t :i* ,i recomm5d4 ,i give him !n a ta/e = ! pure/ read+1 & ! *oice/ compositions1 & ,i (f] to 8 notice1 at ! same "t1 a c]ta9 sy/em ( morality1 :i* he _c b gradually adopt z 8 own4 ,n[ ,i w\ld ask1 :at influ5ce c\ld a novel h ^u a m9d =m$ 9 ?is mann]1 if ?r[n accid5tally 9 8 way4 ,if its composition 7 b mod]ate1 z is ! case ) mo/ ( !m1 x w\ld n suit ! ta/e ( my *ild4 ,if its s5tim5ts 7 impure1 x w\ld disgu/ him4 ,^! w\ld be s contr>y to ! ta/e & to ! feel+s he _h acquir$1 t ! poison 9 su* a book1 l a ball1 fir$ at a globul> surface1 w\ld slide (f )\t detrim5t to ! morals ( my *ild4 ,k aga9 may be acquir$ 9 ! c\rse ( amusem5ts1 & ( su* z may be resort$ to )9 doors4 ,n[ ( ^! aga9 !re are two k9ds1 ! innoc5t & ! corruptive4 ,by ! premises ,i am to be conc]n$ ) ! fir/ only4 ,if !n ,i accu/om my *ild to ma!matical & philosophical pursuits1 if ,i incite him to exp]im5ts 9 ^!1 if ,i assi/ him 9 measur+ ! motions ( ! heav5ly bodies1 & 9 discov]+ ! wisdom & p[] ( ,omnipot5ce z display$ 9 ^!1 if ,i occasion him to be int]e/$ 91 ! contemplation ( su* subjects1 :at h ,i done = my *ild8 ,h ,i n call$ out 8 intellectual faculties8 ,h ,i n laid 9 him ! f\ndation ( a s]i\s & a ?\ghtful m9d8 ,h ,i n accu/om$ him to solid ?+s1 9 opposition to ^? t are light1 & to sublime ?+s1 9 opposition to ^? t are frivol\s8 ,h ,i n inculcat$ 9 him a love = sci5ce8 ,b take my *ild1 aft] he has be5 accu/om$ to su* ?\ghts & su* subjects1 to ! !atre4 ,let ! pantomime display its v>i\s attract+ sc5es to 8 view4 ,& w he n ?9k 8 ent]ta9m5t l[ & sup]ficial1 9 comp>ison ( t :i* he left at home4 ,k aga9 may be acquir$ by amusem5ts :i* are out ( doors4 ,^! aga9 may be innoc5t or exceptionable4 ,z be=e1 ,i h no?+ to d b ) ! =m]4 ,if !n ,i accu/om my *ild to range ! fields1 z an employm5t promotive ( 8 heal?1 & connect ?is heal?y ex]cise ) ! ent]ta9m5t ( botanical pursuits1 d ,i n1 9 exam9+ ) him ! %ape1 ! col\r1 & ! me*anism ( plants & fl[]s1 confirm 9 him 8 =m] love ( ! works ( nature8 ,d ,i n confirm 8 =m] notion ( ! wisdom & p[] ( omnipot5ce8 ,d ,i n tea* him by ^!1 & ! o!r pursuits :i* h be5 m5tion$1 t all recreations %\ld be innoc5t1 & t "t %\ld be wisely employ$8 ,b h>k6 ano!r amusem5t1 & "o ( ^? :i* are foll[$ out ( doors1 is at h&4 ,! h\nds are 9 view1 & fa/ approa*+4 ,my son is accid5tally solicit$ to jo9 !m4 ,he w\ld ask my p]mission1 b ,i am abs5t4 ,at l5g? he goes4 ,he foll[s !m 9 wild tumult & upro> = an h\r4 ,he sees "s gallop+ ov] h$ges & dit*es l madm51 & haz>d+ _! p]sons 9 a presumptu\s mann]4 ,he sees o!rs ride ov] ! cultivat$ fields ( _! neighb\rs1 & injure ! ris+ corn4 ,he f9ds t all ?is noise & tumult1 all ?is dang] & injury1 are occasion$ by ! pursuit ( a little h>e1 ^: pa9 is 9 proportion to ! joy ( ^? :o foll[ x4 ,n[ c ?is div]sion1 educat$ z my *ild has be51 fasc9ate him8 ,w he n "q its innoc5ce8 ,& w he n "q its consi/5cy z a natural pursuit1 or z an employm5t = 8 "t8 ,x is ?us !n t k w be f\nd to op]ate z an artificial & innoc5t pres]vative aga9/ ! de/ructive pleasures ( ! _w4 ,b prohibitions )\t k w be b ( little avail1 :]e !re is a prospect ( ri*es1 & ! p[] ( gratify+ any improp] appetites z !y may arise4 ,b by k we %all be able to discov] ! beauty ( ?+s1 s t _! opposites1 or ! ?+s prohibit$1 w cease to *>m u4 ,by k we %all be able to disc]n ! ugl9ess ( ! ?+s prohibit$1 s t we %all be enabl$ to loa! !m1 if !y %\ld come into our way4 ,& ?us an education1 conduct$ ^u ! pr9ciples ( k1 may op]ate to ! end propos$4 ,,*ap4 ,v4 ,education cont9u$1 z consi/+ ( k & prohibitions--,good1 :i* ! ,quak]s h done by prohibitions1 )\t any consid]able k--,great] good1 :i* !y w\ld d ) x--,k !n a great desid]atum 9 ! ,quak] education--,fav\rable /ate ( ! society = ! communication ( x ) purity1 or )\t detrim5t to morals--,9 :at ?is k %\ld consi/--,g5]al advantages ( x--,peculi> advantages1 :i* x w\ld br+ to ! society4 ,:5 we consid] t m5 h all ! same moral nature1 we wond]1 at ! fir/ sight1 at ! great diff]5ce ( conduct :i* !y exhibit ^u e>?4 ,b :5 we consid] ! p[] ( education ^u ! m9d1 we seem to lose our surprize4 ,if m5 9 all c\ntries 7 educat$ alike1 we %\ld f9d a great] resemblance 9 _! "*4 ,x is1 9 %ort1 education1 :i* makes ! man4 ,& z education appe>s to me to be ( s mu* importance 9 life1 ,i %all make x ! subject ( ?is & ! succe$+ *apt]4 ,all education %\ld h two objects 9 view1 ! op5+ ( ! und]/&+ & ! improvem5t ( ! he>t4 ,( ! two1 ! latt] is mo/ important4 ,!re _c be a "q1 :e!r ! p]son ( ! mo/ desirable "* be ! virtu\s or ! le>n$ man4 ,)\t virtue k loses half its value4 ,wisdom1 )\t virtue1 may be said to be m]ely political2 & su* wisdom1 :5ev] x belongs to a man1 is little bett] ?an ! cunn+ or craft9ess ( a fox4 ,a man ( a cultivat$ m9d1 )\t an un%ak5 love ( virtue1 is b a dw>f ( a man4 ,8 food has done him no good1 z x has n contribut$ to 8 gr[?4 ,& x w\ld h be5 bett]1 = ! hon\r ( lit]ature1 if he _h nev] be5 educat$ at all4 ,! tal5ts ( man1 inde$1 consid]+ him z a moral be+1 ought always to be subs]vi5t to religion4 ,all philosophy1 says ! le>n$ ,cudwor?1 to a wise man1 to a truly sanctifi$ m9d1 z he 9 ,plut>* speake?1 is b matt] = div9ity to "w ^u4 ,religion is ! que5 ( all ^? inw>d end[m5ts ( ! s\l3 & all pure natural k1 all virg9 & undefl[]$ arts & sci5ces1 are h] h&maids1 t rise up & call h] bless$4 ,n[ if ! op5+ ( ! und]/&+1 & ! improvem5t ( ! he>t1 be ! great objects to be atta9$1 x w foll[1 t bo? k & wise prohibitions %\ld always be compon5t p>ts ( ! education ( y\?4 ,! latt] ! ,quak]s h adopt$ ev] s9ce ! in/itution ( _! society4 ,! =m] !y h be5 g5]ally backw>d to promote1 at lea/ to any consid]able ext5t4 ,t !y h done good1 h[ev]1 by _! prohibitions1 ?\gh unaccompani$ by any consid]able k1 x w\ld be dis+5u\s n to ackn[l$ge4 ,b ?is goad has be5 *iefly conf9$ to ! *ildr5 ( ^? :o h occupi$ middle /ations 9 ! society4 ,su* *ildr5 h und\bt$ly arriv$ at ! true wisdom ( life at an e>ly age1 z ,i describ$ 9 ! fir/ volume1 & h done hon\r to ! religion !y pr(ess$4 ,b prohibitions1 )\t k1 h n be5 f\nd to answ] s well among ! *ildr5 ( ^? :o h _h ! prospect ( a l>ge money$ indep5d5ce be=e !m1 & :o h n be5 afraid ei!r ( ! bad op9ion ( _! own society1 or ( ! bad op9ion ( ! _w4 ,x has be5 %ewn1 h[ev]1 t k ) prohibitions w\ld1 9 all probability1 be useful to ^!2 t x w\ld h a t5d5cy to enable !m1 9 ! p]il\s situation 9 :i* !y are plac$1 to /& aga9/ ! corrupt op9ions & fa%ions1 & :ile !y 7 liv+ 9 ! _w1 to live out ( x1 or to d5y x4 ,peculi>ly situat$ z ! ,quak]s are1 !y h opportunities1 beyond any o!r p1 ( +raft+ k into _! sy/em ( education )\t dang]1 or1 9 o!r words1 ( giv+ k to _! *ildr5 ) ! purity :i* ,*ri/ianity w\ld prescribe4 ,! great mis=tune 9 ! _w is1 t a le>n$ education is frequ5tly ?\ght m ( ?an a virtu\s "o2 t y\?1 :ile !y are obta9+ k1 are n prop]ly wat*$ & *eck$2 & t !y are suff]$ to roam at l>ge 9 ! pursuit ( sci5ce1 & to cultivate or n1 at _! own option1 ! sci5ce1 if ,i may s call x1 ( religion4 ,h5ce x w happ51 t1 :]e we see le>n$ m51 we %all n always see ^! ( ! mo/ exempl>y "*4 ,b ! ,quak]s h long ago adopt$ a sy/em ( prohibitions1 z s _m b>ri]s aga9/ vice1 or pres]vatives ( virtue4 ,_! con/itution =bids all indulg5ces t appe> unfri5dly to morals4 ,! ,quak]s !re=e1 :ile !y reta9 ! prohibitions :i* belong to _! con/itution1 may give enc\ragem5t to k1 )\t a fe> t x w be conv]t$ to ! purposes ( vice4 ,! ,quak]s1 aga91 h opportunities or advantages1 :i* o!rs h n1 9 ano!r po9t ( view4 ,9 ! great public sem9>y at ,ackwor?1 :i* belongs to !m1 & :i* is pr9cipally = ^? :o are ( ! poor & middle classes1 e ?+ is "u ! inspection & guidance ( committees1 :i* c wat* & en=ce an obs]vance ( any rules t may be prescrib$4 ,:y !n1 if public sem9>ies 7 in/itut$ = ! reception ( ! *ildr5 ( ! ri*1 or if ! ri* 7 to give enc\ragem5t to l>ge private sem9>ies = ! same purposes1 %\ld !y n be plac$ "u ! visit+ discipl9e ( ! society8 ,:y %\ld !y n be plac$ "u ! c>e ( committees also8 ,:y %\ld n ^! committees see t ! two great objects ( ! education propos$ 7 go+ on at ! same "t1 or t1 :ile k 0 obta9+1 discipl9e _h n be5 relax$4 ,:y %\ld n su* sem9>ies produce future ,p5ns1 & ,b>clays1 & o!rs1 :o1 :ile !y 7 m5 capable ( deep lit]>y rese>*es1 %\ld be exempl>y = _! virtue8 ,z k !n ought to =m a "p ( ! propos$ education1 on a mu* l>g] scale ?an has be5 hi!rto enc\rag$1 ,i %all say a few words z to ! compon5t p>ts ( x1 & z to ! g5]al advantages ( ^!1 & ,i %all aft]w>ds speak to ! advantages :i* ! society 9 p>ticul> w\ld d]ive f su* a *ange4 ,9 ! education ,i propose1 ,i d n mean1 9 ! slighte/ mann]1 to break 9 ^u ! moral sy/em ( ! ,quak]s1 z describ$ 9 ! fir/ volume4 ,i d n propose to !m ! polite arts4 ,i d n recomm5d !m to make *ildr5 musicians1 or t !y %\ld le>n1 "u ! danc+-ma/]1 to /ep gracefully4 ,i advise only su* k z w be /rictly innoc5t & useful4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ,i recomm5d a bett] classical education4 ,classical k gives ! f\ndation bo? ( p>ticul> & univ]sal gramm>4 ,:ile x gives ! acquisition ( ! dead languages1 x is ! root1 & !re=ce facilitates ! acquisition ( _m ( ! liv+4 ,z mo/ ( ! te*nical t]ms 9 ! pr(essions & sci5ces are borr[$ f ^! languages1 x r5d]s !m easily und]/ood4 ,! /udy ( ! /ructure & comb9ation ( words & s5t5ces calls =? ! reflect+ p[]s ( y\?1 & exp&s _! g5ius4 ,x leads to p5etration & judgem5t4 ,x induces habits ( dilig5ce & pati5ce4 ,by means ( ?is k we h access to ! sacr$ writ+s 9 ! languages 9 :i* !y 7 writt51 & we are !re=e n liable to be impos$ ^u1 = ! s5se ( !m1 by o!rs4 ,we become acqua9t$ also1 by means ( x1 ) ! s5tim5ts & k ( ! anci5ts4 ,we see _! ?\ghts & expressions4 ,we acquire a lit]>y ta/e4 ,a k ( anci5t hi/ory is necess>ily conpect$ ) ! =m]4 ,to ?is1 h[ev]1 %\ld be add$ t ( ! mod]n4 ,hi/ory1 :ile x ent]ta9s u1 in/ructs u morally4 ,we _c see ! rise & fall ( empires1 or ! causes ( _! =mation & dissolution1 or read ! hi/ories ( good & bad m51 )\t impressions ( moral importance to ourselves4 ,a philosophical education is peculi>ly important4 ,by ?is ,i mean1 a g5]al k ( ! ma!matics1 ( me*anics1 optics1 hydro/atics1 a/ronomy1 *emi/ry1 botany1 & ! l4 ,! tea*+ ( ^! %\ld be accompani$ by exp]im5ts4 ,exp]im5tal philosophy1 z ,i obs]v$ be=e1 is peculi>ly int]e/+ to y\?4 ,su* k tea*es u ! causes ( ?+s4 ,my/]ies1 hi!rto hidd5 bo? 9 ! g>d5 & 9 ! field1 & 9 ! heav5 & 9 ! air1 lie unfold$ to our view4 ,e walk we take1 :ile ! surface ( ! e>? rema9s z x is1 & ! canopy ( ! firmam5t is spread ov] u1 gives its ! opportunity1 9 all ! innum]able objects pres5t$ to our view1 ( almo/ endless inve/igation & delight4 ,& ! deep] we g into ! hidd5 ?+s ( nature1 & ! m we unfold !m1 h we n a bett] belief ( ! exi/5ce ( ! ,creator1 & gr&] notions ( ! symmetry1 ord]1 beauty1 & wisdom ( 8 works8 ,su* k leads also1 z x has always done1 to discov]ies1 by :i* we may make ourselves useful to mank9d4 ,&1 besides ! utility1 ( :i* x may make u capable1 c discov]ies ( ! pr9ciples ( nature less5 o> love & admiration ( ! fir/ great ,cause8 ,to philosophical k %\ld be add$ g5]al read+4 ,su* read+ %\ld be ( ! pure/ k9d4 ,( k1 acquir$ 9 ?is mann]1 x maybe said1 t x op5s new s\rces ( "r views & s5tim5ts1 & ?is ev5 indep5d5tly ( ,*ri/ianity1 f :i* our mo/ valuable in=mation is d]iv$4 ,?us at a "t1 :5 z a nation we pr(ess$ to be ,*ri/ians1 we %$ ! blood ( ! m>tyrs4 ,?us :5 ev5 su* m5 z ! great ,sir ,mat!w ,hale1 "o ( ! brighte/ ,*ri/ian patt]ns 9 our c\ntry1 7 at ! head ( x1 we condemn$ p]sons to dea? = wit*craft4 ,b k sup]ior to t ( ^? times1 has taught u bett] ?+s4 ,by means ( x we p]ceive1 t p]secution does n de/roy1 b t x propagates op9ions1 & t ! belief ( ! exi/5ce ( wit*craft is absurd4 ,^! !n appe> to me to be ! g5]al advantages1 or su* z are insep>able f education :5 compos$ ( ! v>i\s bran*es ( k :i* h be5 describ$4 ,i %all n[ endeav\r to %ew ! peculi> advantages1 :i* ! ,quak]s w\ld d]ive f x4 ,x w appe> !n1 if we look back into ! "* ( ! ,quak]s1 z describ$ 9 ?is volume1 t ! _w *>ges !m1 ,i mean ! m afflu5t "p ( !m1 ) hav+ less le>n+1 ?an o!rs 9 a simil> rank ( life4 ,b surely ! education ,i propose w\ld remove ?is intellectual defect4 ,! _w aga91 z we h se51 has fix$ ano!r intellectual blemi% ^u !m by ! imputation ( sup]/ition4 ,b h[ does sup]/ition ent]1 b :]e !re is a want ( k8 ,does n all hi/ory be> te/imony1 t 9 proportion z m5 h be5 m or less enlight5$1 !y h be5 less or m liable to ?is *>ge8 ,x is k !n1 :i* mu/ bani% ?is frightful companion ( ! m9d4 ,:]ev] individuals ackn[l$ge1 9 a m ext5sive degree ?an o!rs1 ! influ5ce ( ! ,div9e ,_s 9 man1 ^!1 ( all o!r p1 w f9d ! advantages ( x4 ,k leads to a solution ( ?+s1 z !y are connect$ ) philosophy1 or ! !ory ( ! human m9d4 ,x enables m5 to "k _! fir/ & _! second causes1 s z to di/+ui% betwe5 causes & occasions4 ,x fixes ! nature ( action & ( ?\ght2 &1 by ref]r+ effects to _! causes1 x (t5 enables m5 to draw ! l9e betwe5 ! probability ( fancy & inspiration4 ,h[ _m good m5 are !re1 :o1 adopt+ a simil> cre$ ) t ( ! ,quak]s on ?is subject1 make !mselves uneasy1 by br++ d[n ! ,div9e ,be+1 promiscu\sly & )\t due discrim9ation1 into ! v>i$ conc]ns ( _! lives8 ,h[ _m are !re1 :o attribute to him t :i* is easily expla9$ by ! k ( common causes8 ,?us1 = in/ance1 !re are appe>ances 9 nature1 :i* a p]son ( an un9=m$ m9d1 b :o %\ld adopt ! doctr9e ( ! influ5ce ( ! ,_s1 w\ld place among signs1 & wond]s1 & div9e notices1 :i* o!rs1 acqua9t$ ) ! philosophy ( nature1 w\ld almo/ in/antly solve4 ,?us aga9 !re may be occasions1 :i* p]sons1 c>ry+ ! same doctr9e to an undue ext5t1 might int]pret into w>n+ or prophetic voices1 b :i* a due ex]cise ( ! intellect1 :]e su* ex]cise has be5 prop]ly enc\rag$1 w\ld easily expla94 ,?is rem9ds me ( a s+ul> occurr5ce3 ,a fri5d ( m9e 0 lately walk+ 9 a beautiful vale4 ,9 approa*+ a slate-qu>ry he he>d an explosion1 & a mass ( /one1 :i* _h be5 sev]$ by gunp[d]1 fell ne> him z he walk$ along4 ,he w5t imm$iately to ! p]sons employ$4 ,he repres5t$ ! impropriety ( _! conduct 9 n hav+ giv5 prop] notice to su* z 7 pass+ by1 & conclud$ by decl>+ emphatically1 t !y !mselves w\ld be soon de/roy$4 ,x happ5$1 b six weeks aft]w>ds1 t two ( ^! m5 7 bl[n to pieces4 ,! words !n ( my fri5d 7 v]ifi$4 ,n[ ,i h no d\bt t ignorant p]sons1 9 ! habit ( ref]r+ e ?+ promiscu\sly to ! ,div9e int]f]5ce1 w\ld consid] my fri5d z a prophet1 & 8 words z a div9ely =ew>n+ voice4 ,b :at did my fri5d mean8 or :]e did he get 8 =esight on ?is occasion8 ,! answ] is1 t my fri5d1 be+ accu/om$ to ! ex]cise ( 8 rational faculties1 conclud$1 t if ! p 9 "q 7 s c>eless ) respect to ^? :o %\ld be pass+ by 9 su* times ( dang]1 !y w\ld by cu/om become c>eless ) respect to !mselves1 & t ultimately "s mis*ief w\ld befal !m4 ,x is k1 !n1 acquir$ by a due ex]cise ( ! intellectual p[]s1 & ?r\gh ! c\rse ( an enlight5$ education1 :i* w give m5 j views ( ! causes & effects ( ?+s1 & :i*1 :ile x tea*es !m to discov] & ackn[l$ge ! ,div9e ,be+ 9 all 8 wondr\s works1 & prop]ly to di/+ui% him 9 8 provid5ces1 pres]ves !m f ! mis]ies ( sup]/ition4 ,! _w aga9 has fix$ ! moral blemi% ( ! money-gett+1 _s ^u ! ,quak] "*4 ,b k w\ld /ep 9 "h also z a consid]able corrector ( ! evil4 ,x w\ld %ew1 t !re 7 o!r objects besides money1 :i* 7 wor?y ( pursuit4 ,nor w\ld x po9t out only new objects1 b x w\ld make a scale ( _! comp>ative importance4 ,x w\ld fix intellectual atta*m5ts1 next to religion1 9 ! highe/ class4 ,?us money w\ld s9k 9 importance z a pursuit1 or be valu$ only z x 0 ! means ( com=t to ^? :o _h x1 or ( communicat+ com=t to o!rs4 ,k also w\ld be useful 9 tak+ (f1 to a c]ta9 degree1 ! corruptive effects ( ?is _s1 = x w\ld prev5t x by ! m lib]al notions x w\ld introduce1 f leav+ ! :ole ( its dregs ( pollution ^u ! m9d4 ,! ,quak]s aga91 z we h se51 h be5 *>g$ ) a want ( animation1 f :5ce an unju/ inf]5ce has be5 drawn ( ! coldness ( _! he>ts4 ,b k w\ld dim9i% ?is appe>ance4 ,=1 9 ! fir/ place1 x w\ld enl>ge ! p[]s1 & v>y ! topics ( conv]sation4 ,x w\ld enliv5 ! speak]4 ,x w\ld give him animation 9 disc\rse4 ,animation aga9 w\ld produce a great] appe>ance ( en]gy1 & en]gy ( ! w>m? ( life4 ,& !re are few p1 :atev] might be ! outw>d cold appe>ance ( ! p]son ) :om !y conv]s$1 ^: prejudices w\ld n die away1 if !y f\nd a *e]ful & an agreeable companion4 ,ano!r *>ge aga9/ ! ,quak]s 0 ob/9acy4 ,?is 0 %ewn to be unju/4 ,! trait1 9 ?is case1 %\ld r h be5 put d[n z virtue4 ,k1 h[ev]1 w\ld ev5 op]ate "h z a p>tial rem$y4 ,= :ile ! ,quak]s are e/eem$ defici5t 9 lit]ature1 _! opposition to ! cu/oms ( ! _w1 w always be *>act]iz$ z folly4 ,b if !y 7 to be> 9 ! m9ds ( _! c\ntrym5 a diff]5t e/imation z to intellectual atta9m5ts1 ! trait might be spok5 ( "u ano!r "n4 ,= p]sons are n apt to impute ob/9acy to ! actions ( ^?1 h[ev] s+ul>1 :om !y believe to h paid a due att5tion to ! cultivation ( _! m9ds4 ,x is n necess>y to br+ to recollection ! o!r traits t 7 m5tion$1 to see ! op]ation ( a sup]ior education ^u ^!4 ,x mu/ h already appe>$1 t1 :atev] may be ! g5]al advantages ( le>n+1 !y w\ld be m ?an usually valuable to ! ,quak] "*4 ,,*ap4 ,,vi4 ,argum5ts ( ^? ( ! society exam9$1 :o may depreciate human k--,?is depreciation did n orig9ate ) ! fir/ ,quak]s--) ,b>clay--,p5n--,ellwood--b arose aft]w>ds--,reput$ disadvantages ( a classical education--,its hea!n my?ology & morality--,disadvantages ( a philosophical "o--,its scepticism--,g5]al disadvantages ( human le>n+--,ineffici5cy ( all ! argum5ts advanc$4 ,hav+ %ewn ! advantages1 :i* g5]ally accompany a sup]ior education1 ,i %all exhibit ! disadvantages :i* may be ?\ght to att5d x1 or ,i %all consid] ^? argum5ts1 :i* "s p]sons ( ?is society1 :o h un=tunately depreciat$ human le>n+1 ?\gh ) ! be/ int5tions1 might use aga9/ x1 if !y 7 to see ! cont5ts ( ! prec$+ *apt]4 ,b1 be=e ,i d ?is1 ,i %all exon]ate ! fir/ ,quak]s f ! *>ge ( su* a depreciation4 ,^! exhibit$ 9 _! own p]sons ! practicability ( ! union ( k & virtue4 ,:ile !y 7 em95t = _! le>n+1 !y 7 di/+ui%$ = ! piety ( _! lives4 ,!y 7 inde$ ! fri5ds ( bo?4 ,!y did n patronize ! "o to ! prejudice & expulsion ( ! o!r4#ec ,footnote #ec3 ,george ,fox 0 c]ta9ly an exception to ?is z a s*ol>4 ,he 0 also n fri5dly to classical le>n+ on acc\nt ( "s ( ! indelicate passages conta9$ 9 ! classical au?ors1 :i* he & ,f>ley & ,/ubbs1 took "s pa9s to cite1 b1 if ^! _h be5 remov$1 ,i believe 8 objections w\ld h ceas$4 ,b>clay1 9 8 celebrat$ apology1 no :]e condemns ! propriety or usefulness ( human le>n+1 or d5ies x to be promotive ( ! temporal com=ts ( man4 ,he says t ! k ( ,lat91 ,greek & ,hebrew1 or ( logic & philosophy1 or ( e?ics1 or ( physics & metaphysics1 is n necess>y4 ,b n necess>y = :at8 ,m>k 8 own mean+4 ,n necess>y to make a m9i/] ( ! ,gospel4 ,b :]e does he say t k1 :i* he himself possess$ to su* a consid]able ext5t1 0 n necess>y1 or t x did n contribute to ! innoc5t pleasures ( life8 ,:at w\ld h be5 ! "* ( 8 own book1 or :at w\ld h be5 its comp>ative value & usefulness1 if he _h n be5 able to quote s _m au?ors to 8 purpose 9 _! orig9al texts1 or to h detect$ s _m classical errors1 or to h introduc$ su* apposite hi/ory1 or to h drawn up 8 propositions ) s mu* logical & ma!matical cle>ness & precision1 or if he _h n be5 among ! fir/ lit]>y *>act]s ( 8 day8 ,william ,p5n 0 equally celebrat$ ) ,b>clay z a s*ol>4 ,8 works af=d abundant pro( ( 8 erudition1 or ( ! high cultivation ( 8 m9d4 ,l ! re/ ( 8 associates1 he 0 no advocate = le>n+1 z a qualification = a m9i/] ( ! ,gospel1 b he 0 yet a fri5d to x1 on ! pr9ciple1 t x enl>g$ ! und]/&+1 & t x add$ to ! innoc5t pleasures ( ! m9d4 ,he entreat$ 8 wife1 9 ! beautiful lett] :i* he left h]1 be=e he emb>k$ on 8 fir/ voyage to ,am]ica1 n to be sp>+ ( exp5ce 9 procur+ le>n+ = 8 *ildr51 = t by su* p>simony all 0 lo/ t 0 sav$4 ,& he recomm5d$ also 9 ! same lett] ! ma!matical or philosophical education :i* ,i h describ$4 ,?omas ,ellwood1 a celebrat$ writ] among ! e>ly ,quak]s1 & ! fri5d ( ! great ,john ,milton1 0 s s5sible ( ! disadvantages aris+ f a want ( k1 t he reviv$ 8 le>n+1 ) great indu/ry1 ev5 aft] he _h become a ,quak]4 ,let u he> ! acc\nt :i* he gives ( himself 9 8 own ,j\rnal4 ,i m5tion$ be=e1 says he1 t1 :5 ,i 0 a boy1 ,i made "s progress 9 le>n+1 & t ,i lo/ x all aga9 be=e ,i came to be a man4 ,nor 0 ,i slightly s5sible ( my la/ !re91 till ,i came among/ ! ,quak]s4 ,b !n ,i bo? saw my loss1 & lam5t$ x2 & appli$ myself ) ! utmo/ dilig5ce1 at all leisure times to recov] x4 ,s false ,i f\nd t *>ge to be1 :i* 9 ^? times 0 ea/ z a reproa* ^u ! ,quak]s1 t !y despis$ & decri$ all human le>n+1 because !y d5i$ x to be ess5tially necess>y to a ,gospel m9i/ry1 :i* 0 "o ( ! controv]sies ( ^? times4 ,b ?\gh ,i toil$ h>d1 & sp>$ no pa9s to rega9 :at ,i _h once be5 ma/] (1 yet ,i f\nd x a matt] ( s great difficulty1 t ,i 0 ready to say1 z ! noble eunu* to ,philip1 9 ano!r case1 h[ c ,i1 unless ,i _h "s man to guide me8 ,?is ,i _h =m]ly compla9$ ( to my especial fri5d ,isaac ,p5n+ton1 b n[ m e>ne/ly2 :i* put him ^u consid]+ & contriv+ a means = my assi/ance4 ,he _h an intimate acqua9tance ) ,dr4 ,paget1 a physician ( note 9 ,london1 & he ) ,john ,milton1 a g5tleman ( great note = le>n+1 ?r\gh\t ! le>n$ _w1 = ! accurate pieces he _h ,writt5 on v>i\s subjects & occasions4 ,?is p]son1 hav+ fill$ a public /ation 9 ! =m] times1 liv$ n[ a private & retir$ life 9 ,london2 &1 hav+ :olly lo/ 8 sight1 kept always a man to read to him1 :i* usually 0 ! son ( "s g5tleman ( 8 acqua9tance1 :om 9 k9dness he took to improve 9 8 le>n+4 ,?us by ! m$iation ( my fri5d ,isaac ,p5n+ton ) ,dr4 ,paget1 & ( ,dr4 ,paget ) ,john ,milton1 0 ,i admitt$ to come to him2 n z a s]vant to him 7:i* at t "t he ne$$ n7 nor to be 9 ! h\se ) him2 b only to h ! lib]ty ( com+ to 8 h\se at c]ta9 h\rs1 :5 ,i w\ld1 & to read to him :at books he %\ld appo9t me1 :i* 0 all ! fav\r ,i desir$4 ,by means ( ?is extract1 made f ! life ( ,?omas ,ellwood1 we come to ?ree conclusions4 ,fir/1 t ! e>ly ,quak]s 7 g5]ally m5 ( em95t le>n+4 ,secondly1 t !y did n decry or depreciate human k4 ,& ?irdly1 t ! calumny ( su* a depreciation by !m arose f ! controv]sy :i* !y ?\ght x "r to ma9ta91 9 :i* !y d5i$ x to be necess>y z a qualification = a ,gospel m9i/]4 ,?is latt] conclusion br+s me r\nd aga9 to ! po9t4 ,& "h ,i mu/ obs]ve1 t1 ?\gh ?is fam\s controv]sy occasion$ ! fir/ ,quak]s to be unduly blam$ on acc\nt ( su* a depreciation1 yet x contribut$ to make "s ( _! imm$iate successors1 z ,i /at$ 9 a =m] volume1 ju/ly *>geable ) x4 ,b :e!r ?is 0 or 0 n ! real cause1 x is n mat]ial to ! "q4 ,_m ( ! society1 f came cause or o!r1 did und\bt$ly1 9 ! age imm$iately succe$+ t ( _! f\nd]s1 beg9 to depreciate human k1 ! effects ( :i*1 ?\gh gradually dissipat+1 h n be5 :olly done away at ! pres5t day4 ,! disadvantages1 !re=e1 ( human le>n+1 or ! argum5ts :i* w\ld be advanc$ aga9/ x by ^? :o may und]value x1 ,i %all n[ consid]4 ,^! argum5ts may be divid$ into p>ticul> & g5]al4 ,on ! =m] ,i %all fir/ speak4 ,a classical education is consid]$ to be objectionable1 fir/1 on acc\nt ( ! ,hea!n my?ology t is necess>ily connect$ ) x4 ,its t5d5cy1 z x relates to fabul\s occurr5ces1 is ?\ght to be unfav\rable1 z x may lead to a romantic prop5sity1 & a turn = fiction4 ,b surely ! mean+ ( su* occurr5ces _c be well mi/ak54 ,if !y are repres5t$ to our view 9 fable1 !y h _h _! f\ndation 9 tru?4 ,_m ( !m aga9 are ( su* importance1 t we c\ld n wi% to see !m annihilat$4 ,let u ref]1 = example1 to ! /ory ( ,deucalion & ,pyrrha4 ,is x n "o among ! _m outw>d confirmations ( ! tru? ( ! hi/ory ( ,moses8 ,or d we n trace 9 x additional pro(s ( ! deluge1 & ( ! r5ewal ( mank9d8 ,its t5d5cy aga91 z x relates to ! fabul\s hi/ory ( ! ,hea!n gods1 _! numb]1 _! (fices1 & _! "*1 is consid]$ z degrad+ & exceptionable4 ,i w conc$e ?is = a mom5t4 ,b may x n1 on ! o!r h&1 be r5d]$ in/ructive & useful8 ,may n ! ret5tion ( su* an hi/ory be accompani$ ) great moral advantages to our *ildr58 ,! emp]or ,!odosius comm&$ ! idol temples to be de/roy$4 ,in/ead ( devot+ !m to ! use ( ! ,*ri/ians ( ^? times1 by :i* !y might h be5 pres]v$ to future g5]ations1 ! mo/ beautiful rema9s ( antiquity 7 r$uc$ to ru9s4 ,b w\ld x n h be5 bett]1 if ,!odosius _h br\ght good out ( evil by reta9+ !m8 ,w\ld x n h be5 a high moral gratification to ^? :o knew ! fact1 t temples1 appropriat$ to ! wor%ip ( idols1 _h be5 devot$ to ! s]vice ( ! only true ,god8 ,w\ld x n h be5 a matt] ( joy to ^! to h reflect$ ^u ! improv+ condition ( mank9d8 ,&1 :ile !y look$ up to ^! beautiful /ructures ( art1 might n ! sight ( !m h contribut$ to ! incitem5t ( _! virtue8 ,if x be ! t5d5cy ( ! corrupt "p ( our nature to r5d] innoc5t ?+s vici\s1 x is1 on ! o!r h&1 9 ! ess5ce ( our nature to r5d] vici\s ?+s 9 process ( "t innoc5t1 s t ! v remnants ( idolatry may be made subs]vi5t to our moral improvem5t4 ,if1 z ,i obs]v$ 9 ! fir/ volume1 we 7 to f9d an alt] :i* _h be5 sacr$ to ,molo*1 b :i* _h be5 turn$ into a /epp+-/one to help ! ag$ & infirm ^u _! horses1 :y %\ld we de/roy x8 ,might x n be made useful to our morality1 z = z x c\ld be made to excite sorr[ = ! pa/ & gratitude = ! pres5t8 ,& 9 ! same mann] ! ret5tion ( ! ,hea!n my?ology might be made s]viceable4 ,ought x n1 :5ev] we contemplate x1 to make u ?ankful1 t we h n ! d>k & *e]less pa? ( our ance/ors to tread2 t we h cle>] light2 t we h sur] prospects2 t we h a /eadi] gr\nd ( hope2 & ought we n1 on a contemplation ( ^! sup]ior advantages1 br\ght to u by revelation1 to be r\s$ into ! practice ( a sup]ior virtue4 ,classical education aga9 is consid]$ z objectionable by ! ,quak]s on acc\nt ( ! ,hea!n notions1 :i* x may spread4 ,?us ! highe/ reputation ( man is plac$ 9 de$s ( m>tial a*ievem5t1 & a m>tial ard\r is 9 consequ5ce infus$ into y\?1 :i* x is difficult to suppress4 ,t su* notions & effect are produc$1 !re c be no d\bt2 b h[ are we to avoid ^! :il/ we are oblig$ to live 9 ! _w8 ,! expulsion ( ! classics w\ld n expel !m4 ,our own newspap]s1 :i* are op5 to all1 spread ! same op9ions1 & are in/rum5tal ( c\rse 9 produc+ ! same excitem5ts1 b !y d x 9 a mu* m objectionable way ?an ! classical au?ors1 t is1 !y d x ) less delicacy1 & ) a m sangu9>y applause4 ,b :]e1 z ,i obs]v$ be=e1 %all we retire f su* impressions8 ,does n ! recruit+ drum propagate !m 9 all our t[ns8 ,d n ! r++ ( ! bells1 & ! illum9ations1 :i* occasionally take place 9 ! "t ( w>1 propagate !m also8 ,& d we n f9d ^!1 bo? 9 w> & 9 peace1 ! s5tim5ts & impressions ( ! _w8 ,our own notions !n1 our own writ+s1 & our own cu/oms1 are m to be blam$ 9 ?is respect1 ?an ! lit]>y compositions ( anci5t times4 ,b ?is1 ( all o!rs1 ought to be lea/ an objection ) ! ,quak]s to su* an education2 because1 to _! hon\r1 !y h a con/ant c\nt]action ( ! effects ( su* s5tim5ts & impressions 9 ! pr9ciples ( _! own con/itution1 & :i* c\nt]action _c cease1 :ile1 by ! be>+ ( _! te/imony1 !y live 9 a cont9ual prote/ aga9/ !m4 ,! la/ objection to a classical education is1 t ! sy/em ( ! ,hea!n morality is g5]ally too defici5t = ^? :o are to be br\ght up z ,*ri/ians4 ,to ?is ,i answ]1 t x is q z good z ! sy/em ( ! morality ( ! _w4 ,i c\ld procure pur] s5tim5ts1 & ?is g5]ally f ! ,hea!n au?ors usually call$#ed classical1 ?an ,i c collect f _m1 ev5 ( ! admir$ publications ( our own times4 ,! morality ( ! hea!ns is n s defici5t z _m h imag9$4 ,if _! be/ op9ions 7 duly select$ & br\ght into "o view1 ! only matt] ( surprise w\ld be1 h[1 ) no o!r ?an ! law writt5 ^u ! he>t1 !y _h made su* sublime discov]ies4 ,x 0 pr9cipally 9 _! !ology1 :]e ! law writt5 ^u ! he>t c\ld n rea*1 t ! anci5ts 7 defici5t4 ,!y knew b little ( ! "o true ,god4 ,!y did n "k t he 0 a ,_s1 & t he 0 to be wor%ip$ 9 _s & 9 tru?4 ,!y 7 ignorant ( 8 attributes4 ,!y _h le>nt no?+ ( ! true orig91 nature1 & condition ( man1 or ( ! s*eme ( creation & r$emption4 ,^! ?+s 7 und\bt$ly hidd5 f ! eyes ( ! anci5t philosoph]s4 ,& x 0 9 k ( ?is k9d *iefly1 t _! defici5cy 0 app>5t4 ,b h[ is ?is p>ticul> defici5cy detrim5tal to y\?1 or h[ r might x n be r5d]$ useful to !m 9 ! way describ$8 ,:at a sublime contra/ does k1 z exhibit$ by revelation1 af=d to ! ignorance ( ^? times1 & :at joy & gratitude ought we n to feel 9 ! comp>ison8 ,& ?is is ! only use :i* c be made ( _! my?ology8 ,= :5 we s5d y\? to ! classical au?ors1 we s5d !m to le>n ! languages1 & ?is ?r\gh a m$ium :]e ! morality is bo? useful & respectable1 b we d n s5d !m1 liv+ :]e ! bless+s ( revelation are enjoy$1 to be in/ruct$ 9 religion4 ,footnote #ed3 ,x mu/ h[ev] be ackn[l$g$1 t1 amid/ beautiful s5tim5ts1 su* z are indelicate are occasionally int]sp]s$4 ,b ! quak]s might rem$y ?is objection by procur+ a new edition ( ! pure/ classics only1 9 :i* p>ticul> passages might be omitt$4 ,!y might also add new ,lat9 notes1 f\nd$ on ,*ri/ian pr9ciples1 :]e any ideas 7 f\nd to be incorrect1 & ?us make ,hea!nism itself useful1 z a lit]al tea*] ( a moral sy/em4 ,! _w1 ,i believe1 w\ld be oblig$ to ! ,quak]s = su* an edition1 & x w\ld soon obta9 9 mo/ ( ! s*ools ( ! k+dom4 ,! pr9cipal argum5t aga9/ a philosophical education1 :i* is ! next subject = consid]ation1 is1 t m51 :o cultivate su* /udies1 require (t5 m pro(s ( ?+s ?an c always be _h1 & t1 if ^! are want+1 !y susp5d _! belief4 ,& z ?is is true 9 philosophy1 s x may be true 9 religion4 ,h5ce p]sons accu/om$ to su* pursuits1 are likely to become sceptics or infidels4 ,to ?is ,i answ]1 t ! g5]al t5d5cy ( philosophy is fav\rable to religion4 ,its natural t5d5cy is to give ! m9d gr& & sublime ideas1 & to produce 9 x a belief ( ! exi/5ce ( "o great cause1 :i* is n visible among m54 ,?us1 = example1 ,i f9d t ! planets p]=m a c]ta9 r\nd6 ,!y p]=m x ) a c]ta9 velocity4 ,!y d n w&] at r&om1 b !y are kept to _! orbits4 ,i f9d ! =ces :i* act ^u !m = ?is purpose4 ,i f9d1 9 %ort1 t !y are subject to c]ta9 laws4 ,n[1 if ! planets 7 liv+ ag5ts1 !y might h prescrib$ ^! laws to !mselves4 ,b ,i "k t ?is1 :5 ,i believe !m to consi/ ( mat]ial sub/ances1 is impossible4 ,if !n1 z mat]ial sub/ances1 !y are subject to laws1 su* laws mu/ h be5 giv5 !m4 ,!re mu/ h be5 "s lawgiv]4 ,9 ?is mann] !n ,i am l$ to "s o!r great1 & p[]ful1 & invisible ,ag5t or ,cause4 ,& "h x may be obs]v$1 t if philosoph]s 7 ev] baffl$ 9 _! attempts at discov]y1 or 9 _! attempts aft] k1 z !y frequ5tly are1 !y w\ld n1 on ?is acc\nt1 h any d\bt ) respect to ! be+ ( a ,god4 ,if !y _h f\nd1 aft] repeat$ discov]ies1 t ! ideas acquir$ f !nce 7 repeat$ly or progressively sublime1 & t !y l$ repeat$ly or progressively to a belief ( ! exi/5ce ( a sup]ior ,p[]1 is x likely t !y w\ld all at once disc>d ?is belief1 because !re rese>*es 7 unsuccessful8 ,if !y 7 to d ?is1 !y w\ld d x aga9/ all ! rules ( philosophiz+1 & aga9/ ! =ce ( _! own habits4 ,i say1 t analogical is a "p ( philosophical reason+1 & t !y w\ld r argue1 t1 z su* effects _h be5 uni=mly produc$1 s !y w\ld probably /ill be produc$1 if _! rese>*es 7 cr[n$ ) success4 ,! t5d5cy !n ( philosophical k is f> o!rwise ?an has be5 suppos$4 ,& x makes highly 9 fav\r ( ! /udy ( ^! sci5ces1 t ^? :o h cultivat$ !m ! mo/1 su* z ,newton1 & ,boyle1 & o!rs1 h be5 f\nd among ! able/ advocates = religion4#ee ,footnote #ee3 ,i by no means int5d to say1 t philosophy leads to ! religion call$ ,*ri/ianity1 b t x does to ,!ism1 :i* is ! f\ndation ( x4 ,i come n[1 to ! g5]al argum5ts us$ by ! ,quak]s aga9/ human le>n+1 ! fir/ ( :i* is1 t !y :o possess x are too apt to r$uce religion to reason1 & to /rip x ( ! influ5ce ( ! ,_s4 ,b ?is is contr>y1 z a g5]al position1 to all fact4 ,we f9d no m5tion ( ?is 9 hi/ory4 ,! fa!rs ( ! *ur* 7 ! mo/ em95t = le>n+ 9 _! own days1 & ^! insi/$ ^u ! ,influ5ce ( ! ,_s 9 spiritual conc]ns1 z "o ( ! fir/ articles ( _! fai?4 ,! re=m]s1 :o succe$$ ^!1 7 m5 ( ext5sive erudition also1 & ackn[l$g$ ! same great pr9ciple4 ,& n9e-t5?s1 ,i believe1 ( ! ,*ri/ians ( ! pres5t1 day1 among :om we ought to reckon n9e-t5?s ( ! m5 ( le>n+ also1 adopt a simil> cre$4 ,ano!r g5]al argum5t is1 t le>n+ is apt to lead to conceit & pride1 or to a presum$ sup]iority ( intellect1 9 consequ5ce ( :i* m5 raise !mselves 9 _! own e/imation1 & look d[n ^u o!rs z creatures ( an inf]ior ord] ( race4 ,to ?is ,i may answ]1 t z prodigies are daily produc$ 9 nature1 ?\gh !y may be b z "o to a hundr$ ?\s& :5 comp>$ ) ! p]fect ?+s ( _! own k9d1 s su* ph5om5a may occasionally make _! appe>ance 9 ! _w4 ,b z f> z my own exp]i5ce goes1 ,i believe ! true t5d5cy ( le>n+ to be q ! rev]se4 ,i believe ! mo/ le>n$ to be g5]ally ! mo/ humble1 & to be ! mo/ s5sible ( _! own ignorance4 ,m51 9 ! c\rse ( _! /udies1 daily f9d some?+ new4 ,e ?+ new %ews !m only _! =m] ignorance1 & h[ mu* !re is yet to le>n4 ,! m !y p]sev]e1 9 _! rese>*es1 ! m !y ackn[l$ge ! latt] fact4 ,! long] !y live1 ! m !y lam5t ! %ortness ( life1 dur+ :i*1 man ) all 8 indu/ry1 c atta9 s little1 & t1 :5 he is b j beg9n+ to "k1 he is cut (f4 ,!y see1 9 %ort1 _! own no?+ness1 &1 h[ev] !y may be sup]ior 9 _! atta9m5ts1 !y are conv9c$ t _! k is1 aft] all1 b a %ad[2 t x is b d>kness2 t x is b ! abs5ce ( light2 & t x no soon] beg9s to assume an appe>ance ?an x is gone4 ,! la/ g5]al argum5t aga9/ le>n+ is1 t x does n lead to morality1 or t le>n$ m5 d n always exhibit an example ( ! be/ "*4 ,9 answ] to ?is ,i mu/ obs]ve1 t ! natural t5d5cy ( le>n+ is to virtue4 ,if le>n$ m5 are n virtu\s1 ,i presume _! conduct is an exception to ! g5]al effect ( k ^u ! m9d4 ,t !re are1 h[ev]1 p]sons ( su* unnatural "*1 ,i mu/ confess4 ,b any defici5cy 9 _! example is n to be attribut$ to _! le>n+4 ,x is to be set d[n1 on ! o!r h&1 to ! morally defective education !y h receiv$4 ,!y h n be5 accu/om$ to wise re/ra9ts4 ,m pa9s h be5 tak5 to give !m k1 ?an to in/ruct !m 9 religion4 ,b :]e an education has be5 be/[$ ^u p]sons1 9 :i* _! morals h be5 duly att5d$ to1 :]e has k be5 f\nd to be at v>iance1 or r :]e has x n be5 f\nd to be 9 union1 ) virtue8 ,( ?is union ! ,quak]s c trace "s ( ! brighte/ examples 9 _! own society4 ,:]e did k1 = in/ance1 sep>ate h]self f religion 9 ,b>clay1 or 9 ,p5n1 or 9 ,burr\ghs1 or 9 ,p5n+ton1 or 9 ,ellwood1 or 9 ,arscott1 or 9 ,cl>idge1 or 9 _m o!rs :o might be nam$4 ,& z ?is has be5 ! case 9 ! ,quak] society1 :]e a due c>e has be5 tak5 ( morals1 s x has be5 ! case :]e a simil> c>e has be5 manife/$ 9 ! great society ( ! _w4 ,piety has f\nd ,fri5ds ,9 ! fri5ds ( ,sci5ce1 & true pray'r ,has fl['d f lips wet ) ,ca/alian dews4 ,su* 0 ?y wisdom1 ,newton1 *ildlike sage6 ,sagaci\s read] ( ! works ( ,god1 ,& 9 8 ^w sagaci\s4 ,su* too ?9e1 ,milton1 ^: g5ius _h angelic w+s1 ,& f$ on manna4 ,& su* ?9e1 9 :om ,our ,briti% ,!mis glori$ ) j cause1 ,immortal ,hale6 = deep disc]nm5t prais'd ,& s\nd integrity n m1 ?an fam'd ,= sanctity ( mann]s undefil'd4 ,c[p]4 ,x appe>s !n1 if ,i h reason$ prop]ly1 t ! argum5ts usually adduc$ aga9/ ! acquisition ( human k are b ( little weight4 ,if ,i h reason$ falsely ^u ?is subject1 s h ! e>ly ,quak]s4 ,z !y 7 fri5ds to virtue1 s !y 7 fri5ds to sci5ce4 ,if !y h at any "t put a l[ e/imate ^u ! latt]1 x has be5 only z a qualification = a m9i/] ( ! ,gospel4 ,"h !y h made a /&4 ,"h !y h made a discrim9ation4 ,b ,i believe x w no :]e be f\nd1 t !y h d5i$1 ei!r t le>n+ might contribute to ! innoc5t pleasures ( life1 or t x might be made a subord9ate & auxili>y in/rum5t t[>ds ! promotion ( virtue4 ,,*ap4 ,,vii4 ,conclusion ( ! "w--,conclusion>y rem>ks divid$ into two k9ds--,fir/1 z !y relate to ^? :o may h _h ?\ghts ( leav+ ! society--,advantages1 :i* ^! may h propos$ to !mselves by su* a *ange--,^! advantages ei!r religi\s or temporal--,! value ( !m consid]$4 ,hav+ n[ gone ?r\gh all ! subjects1 :i* ,i _h prescrib$ to myself at ! beg9n+ ( ?is "w1 ,i purpose to close x4 ,b z x %\ld be ! wi% ( e au?or to r5d] 8 production useful1 ,i %all add a few obs]vations = ?is purpose4 ,my rem>ks !n1 :i* w be ?us conclusory1 relate to two diff]5t sorts ( p]sons4 ,!y w relate1 fir/1 to ^? :o may h _h ?\ghts ( leav+ ! society1 or1 :i* is ! same ?+1 :o p]si/ 9 a c\rse ( irregul>ities1 kn[+ be=eh&1 & n regrett+ x1 t !y %all be ev5tually dis[n$4 ,x w relate1 secondly1 to all o!r p]sons1 or to ^? :o may be call$ ! _w4 ,to ! =m] ,i %all conf9e my att5tion 9 ?is *apt]4 ,i h (t5 he>d p]sons ( great respectability1 & ^! ev5 9 ! high] circles ( life1 express a wi%1 t !y _h be5 br\ght up z ,quak]s4 ,! /eady & quiet deportm5t ( ! memb]s ( ?is society1 ! ease ) :i* !y appe> to get ?r\gh life1 ! simplicity & morality ( _! "*1 7 ! causes :i* produc$ ! expression ( su* a wi%4 ,b :y !n1 ,i h obs]v$1 if y feel su* a disposition z ?is wi% indicates1 d y n become ,quak]s8 ,because1 x has be5 repli$1 we are too old to be s+ul>4 ,dress+ ) suffici5t simplicity ourselves1 we see no good reason = adopt+ ! dress ( ! society4 ,x w\ld be z fooli% 9 u to *ange ! col\r & fa%ion ( our clo?+1 z x w\ld be crim9al 9 ! ,quak]s1 ) _! notions1 to come to ! use ( t :i* belongs to u4 ,endeav\r+ also to be *a/e 9 our conv]sation1 we _c adopt _! language4 ,x w\ld be z inconsi/5t 9 u to speak aft] ! mann] ( ! ,quak]s1 z x w\ld be inconsi/5t 9 !m to leave _! own language = ours4 ,b we wi% we _h be5 born ,quak]s4 ,&1 if we _h be5 born ,quak]s1 we w\ld nev] h des]t$ ! society4 ,p]haps !y to :om ,i %all conf9e my rem>ks 9 ?is *apt]1 are n aw>e1 t su* s5tim5ts z ^! are float+ 9 ! m9ds ( _m4 ,!y are n aw>e1 t x is consid]$ z "o ( ! /ronge/ ?+s = ^? :o h be5 born 9 ! society1 & be5 accu/om$ to its p>ticul>ities1 to leave x4 ,& lea/ ( all are !y aw>e ( ! wor?less motives1 :i* ! _w attributes to !m = an int5d$ sep>ation f x4 ,!re is1 inde$1 some?+ seem+ly irreconcileable 9 ! ?\ght ( su* a d]eliction or *ange4 ,to leave ! society ( a moral p1 c x be a matt] ( any cr$it8 ,to dim9i% ! numb] ( ^? :o prote/ aga9/ w>1 & :o h none ( ! guilt ^u _! heads ( ! sangu9>y progress ( human de/ruction :i* is go+ on 9 ! _w1 is x desirable1 or r1 ought x n to be a matt] ( regret8 ,& to leave x at a "t1 :5 its difficulties are ov]1 is x a pro( ( a wise & a prud5t *oice8 ,if p]sons _h ev] _h x 9 contemplation to leave ! society 9 its mo/ difficult & try+ times1 or 9 ! days ( its p]secution1 :5 only = ! adoption ( innoc5t s+ul>ities its memb]s 7 insult$1 & beat51 & bruis$1 & put 9 dang] ( _! lives1 x _h be5 no matt] ( surprise3 b to leave x1 :5 all prejudices aga9/ !m are gradually decreas+1 :5 !y are ris+ 9 respectability 9 ! eyes ( ! gov]nm5t "u :i* !y live1 & :51 by ! weight ( _! own usefulness & "*1 !y are gr[+ 9 ! e/eem ( ! _w1 is surely a matt] ( wond]1 & = :i* x is difficult to acc\nt4 ,?is br+s me to ! po9t 9 "q1 or to ! exam9ation ( ^? argum5ts1 :i* may at times h come into ! heads ( ^? :o h _h ?\ghts ( ceas+ to be memb]s ( ?is society4 ,9 endeav\r+ to discov] ^!1 we c only suppose !m to be actuat$ by "o motive1 = no o!r w be reasonable1 namely1 t !y %all d]ive advantages f ! *ange4 ,n[ all advantages are resolvable into two k9ds1 into su* z are religi\s1 & into su* z are temporal4 ,! fir/ "q !n is1 :at advantages d !y ga9 9 ! =m] case1 or d !y actually come into ! possession ( a bett] religion8 ,i am aw>e t to ent] into ?is subject1 ?\gh b briefly1 is an odi\s task4 ,b ,i %all ab/a9 f all comp>isons1 by :i* ,i might (f5d any4 ,if ,i 7 to be ask$ :i*1 among ! _m sy/ems ( ! ,*ri/ian religion1 ,i %\ld pref]1 ,i %\ld say1 t ,i see 9 all ( !m mu* to admire1 b t no "o ( !m1 p]haps1 does :olly1 or 9 e "p ( x1 please me2 t is1 !re is no "o1 9 :i* ,i d n see "s little difficulty1 :i* ,i _c solve1 ?\gh ?is is no imp$im5t to my fai?4 ,b1 if ,i 7 press$ m p>ticul>ly ^u ?is po9t1 ,i %\ld give ! foll[+ answ]4 ,i %\ld say1 t ,i %\ld pref] t1 :i*1 fir/ ( all1 w\ld solve ! greate/ numb] ( difficulties1 z f> z scriptural texts 7 conc]n$1 9 con=mity ) ! ,div9e attributes1 :i*1 secondly1 w\ld af=d ! mo/ enc\rag+ & consolatory cre$1 if x 7 equally well f\nd$ ) any o!r2 & :i*1 ?irdly1 ei!r by its own op]ation1 or by ! adm9i/ration ( x1 w\ld produce ! po/ p]fect ,*ri/ian "*4 ,let u !n judge ( ! religion ( ! ,quak]s by ?is /&>d4 ,t !re are difficulties ) respect to texts ( scripture1 mu/ be admitt$2 = if all m5 7 to und]/& !m alike1 !re w\ld be b "o pr(ession ( ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,"o man endeav\rs to make 8 sy/em comport :olly ) human reason1 & ! consequ5ce is1 t texts con/antly />e him 9 ! face1 :i* militate aga9/ x4 ,ano!r disc>ds reason1 ) a det]m9ation to abide lit]ally by t1 :i* is reveal$1 & ! consequ5ce is1 t1 9 8 lit]al int]pretation ( "s passages1 he leaves o!rs :olly irreconcileable ) 8 s*eme4 ,n[ ! religion1 ( ! ,quak]s has be5 expla9$1 & ?is ext5sively4 ,9 its doctr9al p>ts x is simple4 ,x is spiritual4 ,x unites (t5 philosophy ) revelation4 ,x expla9s a great numb] ( ! difficult texts ) cle>ness & consi/5cy4 ,t x expla9s all ( !m ,i w n av]4 ,b ^! :i* x does expla91 x expla9s 9 ! /ricte/ h>mony ) ! love1 goodness1 ju/ice1 m]cy1 & wisdom ( ,god4 ,z to ! cre$ ( ! ,quak]s1 we h se5 its effects4 ,we h se5 x to be bo? enc\rag+ & consolatory4 ,we h se5 x produce happ9ess 9 life1 & c\rage 9 dea?4 ,! doctr9e ( ! possibility ( human p]fection1 :]e x is believ$1 mu/ be a p]petual /imulus to virtue1 x mu/ enc\rage hope & bani% fe>4 ,b x may be said1 t /imulative & consolatory z x may be1 x wants "o ( ! m>ks :i* ,i h insi/$ ^u1 namely1 a s\nd f\ndation4 ,b surely !y1 :o d5y x1 w h z _m scriptural texts aga9/ !m z !y :o ackn[l$ge x1 & w !y n be r5d]+ _! own spiritual situation p]il\s8 ,b :at d ! ,quak]s mean by p]fection8 ,n ! p]fection ( ,god1 to :i* !re are no limits1 z has be5 be=e expla9$1 b t :i* arises to man f ! possibility ( keep+ ! div9e comm&s4 ,!y mean t p]fection1 su* z ,noah1 & ,job1 & ,za*>ias1 & ,elizabe?1 atta9$1 & :i* ! ,jewi% rabbies di/+ui%$ by ! "n ( ,r$emption1 & :i* !y conceiv$ to be effect$ by ! influ5ce ( ! ,holy ,_s1 or t /ate ( man 9 ,*ri/ian morals1 :i*1 if he arrives at x1 ! ,div9e ,be+ 7outw>d r$emption hav+ tak5 place by ! sacrifice ( ,*ri/7 is pleas$ to accept z suffici5t1 or z ! mo/ pure /ate at :i* man1 "u ! disadvantages ( ! frailty ( 8 nature1 c arrive4 ,& is n ?is ! practicable p]fection1 :i* ,jesus himself taught 9 ^! words1 ,be ye p]fect1 ev5 z y\r ,fa!r1 :i* is 9 heav5 is p]fect4 ,n t he suppos$ x possible1 t any human be+ c\ld be z p]fect z ! ,div9e ,nature4 ,b he propos$1 by ^! expressions1 ! highe/ conceivable model ( human excell5ce1 ( :i* our natures 7 capable1 well kn[+ t ! high] our aspirations ! high] we %\ld asc5d1 & ! soon] we %\ld rea* t be/ /ate ( humanity t 0 atta9able4 ,& "h x is1 t ,*ri/ianity1 z a rule ( moral conduct1 surpasses all o!rs4 ,m51 9 g5]al1 look up to m5 = models4 ,?us ,hom] makes "o ( 8 h]oes1 :5 giv+ c\nsel to 8 son1 say1 ,always emulate ! be/4 ,?us also we %\ld say to our *ildr51 if a p]son ( extraord9>y "* 7 to live 9 our neighb\rhood1 ,?is is ! patt]n = y\r virture4 ,b ,jesus ,*ri/ says1 aim at p]fection beyond t :i* is human1 allud+ to ! attributes ( ,god1 & ?us y w atta9 a high] excell5ce ?an ! /udy ( any o!r model c produce4 ,) respect to ! =mation ( man accord+ to ! model :i* ,*ri/ianity prescribes1 ! sy/em ( ! ,quak]s is no :]e to be excell$4 ,no "o1 t we "k (1 is m p[]ful 9 ! production ( a subjugat$ m9d & ( a moral "*4 ,by ?is ,i mean1 t !re is none :i* is m univ]sally p[]ful4 ,x is ! t5d5cy ( ,*ri/ianity1 :atev] d5om9ation x may assume1 to produce ^! effects4 ,b !re is full z g5]al an appe>ance ( ^! among ! ,quak]s1 z 9 any o!r ,*ri/ian pr(ession4 ,x w appe> !n1 t1 if ! ?ree crit]ions1 :i* h be5 specifi$1 %\ld be admitt$ to be ^? by :i* a judgm5t may be =m$ 9 ! pres5t case1 !y1 :o h _h ?\ghts ( leav+ ! society1 w n be mu* bett] (f by an ex*ange ( _! religion4 ,let u see next1 :at w\ld be ! great] temporal advantages1 :i* !y w\ld obta94 ,^! may be summ$ up 9 two ess5tial +r$i5ts ( happ9ess1 9 tranquillity ( m9d1 9 consequ5ce ( :i* we pass ?r\gh ! tr\bles ( life 9 ! mo/ placid mann]1 & 9 a mod]ate pecuni>y indep5d5ce1 9 consequ5ce ( :i* we "k none ( ! wants & h>d%ips1 b enjoy ! reasonable com=ts ( x4 ,) respect to tranquillity ( m9d1 we h %[n ?is to be con/itutional ) ! ,quak]s4 ,x arises f _! dome/ic enjoym5ts1 f seldom plac+ _! pleasures or _! =tunes 9 ! p[] ( o!rs1 f fre$om f ! ambition & envy+s ( ! _w1 f ! regulation ( ! temp]1 f avoid+ qu>rels & lawsuits1 & f o!r causes4 ,& ) respect to a mod]ate pecuni>y indep5d5ce1 we h %ewn n only t ?is is ! g5]al portion ( ! society1 b t x is 9 ! v nature ( _! habits to acquire x4 ,n[ ^! ess5tial +r$i5ts ( happ9ess1 or ^! temporal advantages1 d n belong to ! pres5t ,quak]s only4 ,!y h always belong$ to ,quak]s2 & !y w be p]petuat$ z an inh]itance to _! *ildr51 z long z ,quak]ism la/s4 ,by ?is ,i mean to say1 t if any ,quak]s1 n[ liv+1 c\ld be sure t _! desc5dants w\ld keep to ! :olesome regulations ( ! society = t5 g5]ations to come1 !y might h ! com=t ( believ+1 t tranquillity ( m9d w\ld accompany !m1 z an effect ( ! laws & con/itution belong+ x1 & t at any rate an easy pecuni>y situation 9 life w\ld be pres]v$ to !m4 ,= if x be no difficult ?+1 ) ! natural habits ( ! society1 to acquire an indep5d5ce1 x is mu* easi] to pres]ve t :i* has be5 left !m4 ,b w !y1 :o h _h x 9 contemplation to leave ! society1 be able to say ?is = _! *ildr51 :5 !y adopt ! _w = _! home8 ,:at c]ta9ty is !re1 t ^! w exp]i5ce tranquillity1 unless !y are se51 q z f> z manhood1 9 ! habits ( religion8 ,w ! c>es ( ! _w1 its ambition1 its ?ir/ aft] hon\rs1 & its unbridl$ affections & passions1 give !m no uneas9ess8 ,& c ! =tunes transmitt$ to !m1 subject z !y w be to its de/ructive fa%ions & pleasures1 be insur$ to !m = ev5 half ( _! times8 ,h[ _m h we se51 :o h be5 9 ! prime ( heal? 9 ! morn+1 :o h fall5 be=e night 9 ! duel8 ,& h[ _m h we se5 9 a /ate ( afflu5ce at night1 :o h be5 ru9$ by gam+ 9 ! morn+8 ,b x is possible t !y1 :o may h _h ?\ghts ( leav+ ! society2 may picture to !mselves ano!r advantage1 :i* ,i h n yet m5tion$4 ,x is possible1 t !re may be yet "o :i* !y may di/+ui% by su* a "n4 ,!y may possibly ?9k x to be a ga9 to get rid ( ! re/ra9t ( ! discipl9e ( ! society1 & to enjoy ! fre$om ( ! _w4 ,t ! discipl9e is a re/ra9t1 ,i d n d5y4 ,b x mu/ nev] be =gott51 t its object is moral good1 & its effect ! pres]vation ( a moral "*4 ,b1 come y1 :o compla9 ( ?is heavy burd5 impos$ ^u y1 & let u conv]se toge!r = a mom5t1 & let u see1 if1 :5 y rel9qui% x1 y d n impose ^u y\rself a worse4 ,are y sure t1 :5 y get rid ( ?is discipl9e1 y w n come "u ! discipl9e ( fa%ion8 ,& :o is ,fa%ion8 ,is %e n ( all mi/resses ! mo/ imp]i\s1 & unreasonable1 & cruel8 ,y may be pleas$ ) h] = a :ile1 b y w ev5tually feel h] *a9s4 ,) h] iron :ip1 br&i%$ ov] y\r head1 %e w issue out h] comm&s1 & y mu/ obey !m4 ,%e w drive y1 )\t m]cy1 ?r\gh all h] corruptive cu/oms1 & ?r\gh all h] *ameleon *anges1 & ?is aga9/ y\r judgm5t & aga9/ y\r w4 ,d y keep an equipage8 ,y mu/ alt] ! v %ape ( y\r c>riage1 if %e prescribes x4 ,is ! liv]y ( y\r po/ilion pla98 ,y mu/ make x ( z _m col\rs z %e dictates4 ,if y y\rself we> corbeau or rav5 col\r to-day1 y mu/ *ange x1 if %e ord]s y1 to t ( puce1 or ! flea1 to-morr[4 ,b x is n only1 9 y\r equipage & y\r dress1 t %e w put y "u h] control4 ,%e w make y ob$i5t to h] 9 y\r address & mann]s4 ,%e w =ce ^u y rules = y\r int]c\rse ) o!rs4 ,%e w po9t out to y h] amusem5ts1 & make y foll[ !m4 ,%e w place y "u h] cruel laws ( hon\r1 f :i* %e w dis[n y1 if y sw]ve4 ,n[ ,i besee* y1 tell me1 :i* y ?9k y w\ld pref]1 ! discipl9e ( ! goddess ,fa%ion1 or t ( ! good old mi/ress1 :i* y may h wi%$ to leave8 ,! "o k9dly po9ts out to y1 & invites & w>ns y to avoid1 e dang]\s precipice1 t may be be=e y4 ,! o!r is n satisfi$1 b ) y\r de/ruction4 ,%e w =ce y1 = a s+le ^w1 utt]$ 9 a ?\ghtless mom5t1 to run ! haz>d ( y\r life1 or to lose :at %e calls y\r "*4 ,! "o1 by pres]v+ y 9 innoc5ce1 pres]ves y happy4 ,! great] y\r ob$i5ce to h]1 ! great] is y\r fre$om2 & x is ! be/ species ( fre$om1 because x is fre$om f ! pollutions ( ! _w4 ,! o!r awak5s y\r consci5ce1 & calls out its /+s4 ,! m ob$i5t y are to h]1 ! great] is y\r slav]y1 & x is ! wor/ species ( slav]y1 because x is (t5 slav]y to vice4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ! fre$om :i* ! "o be/[s ^u y1 y are made capable ( enjoy+ nature & its v>i\s beauties1 & by ! contemplation ( ^!1 ( p>tak+ ( an endless fea/4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ! fre$om :i* ! "o be/[s ^u y1 y are made capable ( enjoy+ nature1 & its v>i\s beauties1 &1 by ! contemplation1 ( ^!1 ( p>tak+ ( an endless fea/4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ! slav]y to :i* ! o!r r$uces y1 y are cramp$ z to su* enjoym5ts4 ,by accu/om+ y to be pleas$ ) ridicul\s & corruptive objects1 & silly & corruptive *anges1 %e conf9es y\r reli% to wor?less ?+s4 ,%e palsies y\r vision1 & %e corrupts y\r ta/e4 ,y see nature be=e y1 & y c take no pleasure 9 x4 ,?us %e unfits y = ! mo/ rational ( ! enjoym5ts ( ! _w1 9 :i* y are design$ to live4 ,,*ap4 ,,viii4 ,conclusory rem>ks1 z !y relate to ^? :o compose ! _w at l>ge--,advantages1 :i* ^! may d]ive f ! cont5ts ( ?is "w--f a view ( _m ( ! cu/oms--& ( ! pr9ciples expla9$ 9 x--f see+ practically ! influ5ce ( ^! cu/oms & pr9ciples 9 ! production ( "* & happ9ess--& f see+ ! mann] ( _! op]ation1 or h[ !y produce ! effects describ$4 ,i %all n[ endeav\r to make my conclusory rem>ks useful z !y may relate to ^? :o may be call$ ! _w4 ,to /ate ! object1 :i* ,i h 9 view1 ,i %all obs]ve at once1 t m5 are divid$ 9 op9ion z to ! lawfulness1 or exp$i5cy1 or :olesom5ess ( _m ( ! cu/oms1 fa%ions1 & accompli%m5ts ( ! _w4 ,we f9d "s enc\rag+ 9 _! families1 & ?is )\t any hesitation1 & to an almo/ unlimit$ ext5t1 ^? :i* _m1 on acc\nt ( religi\s consid]ations1 h expell$4 ,we f9d o!rs aga9 endeav\r+ to /e] a c\rse betwe5 ! op9ions & practice ( ^!4 ,! same div]sity ( s5tim5t prevails also ) respect to pr9ciples4 ,! virtu\s or moral are adopt$ by "s4 ,! political by o!rs4 ,t ! political (t5 obta9 bo? 9 education & 9 subsequ5t life1 !re is no "q4 ,?us1 = example1 a "y man is ?\ght by "s to be m likely to make 8 way 9 ! _w ) ! address :i* fa%ionable accompli%m5ts may give him1 ev5 if he be a little dissipat$1 ?an "o ( /rict virtue ) unpoli%$ mann]s4 ,?us aga9 9 actions & transactions1 policy is (t5 pref]r$ to express & op5 decl>ations ( ! tru?4 ,o!rs aga9 are ( op9ion1 t ! g5]al basis ( pr9ciple %\ld be virtue1 b t a latitude may be1 all[$ = a seasonable policy4 ,?us an education is go+ on "u ,*ri/ian p>5ts1 z if ,*ri/ianity _h objects 9 view1 :i* 7 totally opposite to ea* o!r4 ,x is 9 ?is po9t ( view *iefly1 t ,i c hope to be useful 9 ?is conclusory "p ( my "w4 ,we h se5 9 ! c\rse ( x bo? cu/oms & pr9ciples laid op5 & expla9$4 ,we h se5 ! t5d5cies & be>+s ( ^!4 ,we h se5 !m prob$1 & exam9$ by a moral /&>d4 ,we h se5 _! influ5ce on "* & happ9ess4 ,we h se5 ! mann] 9 :i* !y act1 or h[ ^! effects are produc$4 ,a revision !re=e ( ^! _c b be useful1 b m p>ticul>ly to p>5ts1 z x may enable "s ( ^!1 9 conjunction ) ! k !y possess1 to =m probably a m correct sy/em ?an !y may h _h x 9 contemplation to adopt1 = ! education ( _! y\?4 ,! fir/ advantage !n1 :i* ^? :o compose ! _w at l>ge may d]ive f ! cont5ts ( ?is "w1 w be f a review ( "s ( ! cu/oms :i* h be5 c5sur$ 9 x4 ,9 look+ into cu/oms1 ! fir/ t obtrudes itself ^u our notice1 is t ( all[+ to *ildr5 ^? amusem5ts1 :i*1 on acc\nt ( ! use ( !m1 may be call$ gam+4 ,a view is (f]$ to u "h1 :i* is dive/$ ( all sup]/ition4 ,x is no :]e cont5d$ at r&om1 9 speak+ aga9/ ^!1 t _! orig9 is objectionable4 ,x is no :]e insi/$ ^u1 t !re is evil 9 !m consid]$ ab/ract$ly by !mselves1 or t !y may n be us$ innoc5tly1 or t !y may n be made ! occasion ( innoc5t mir?4 ,! evil is c&idly /at$ to arise f _! abuse4 ,! nature ( ?is evil is unfold$4 ,?us ! malevol5t passions1 su* z ang]1 envy1 hatr$1 rev5ge1 & ev5 av>ice1 are /irr$ up1 :]e !y %\ld be p>ticul>ly prev5t$1 9 ! y\?ful brea/4 ,a _s ( gam+1 :i* may be de/ructive ( =tune1 heal?1 & morals1 is eng5d]$4 ,a wa/e ( "t#ef is occasion$1 inasmu* z o!r pursuits might be foll[$1 :i* w\ld be equally amus+1 b conducive to ! improvem5t ( ! m9d4 ,! nature ( ! abuse is unfold$ likewise4 ,x consi/s ( mak+ games ( *ance productive ( loss & ga94 ,?us !y hold up spe$y pecuni>y acquisitions1 & spe$y repairs ( mis=tune4 ,?us !y excite hope & fe>1 & give bir? to pa9 & disappo9tm5t4 ,! prev5tion also ( ! abuse1 & t alone :i* c be effectual1 is po9t$ out4 ,?is consi/s ( a sep>ation ( emolum5t f *ance1 or ( ! adoption ( ! maxim1 t no y\? ought to be p]mitt$ to lay a wag]1 or to reap advantage f any d\btful ev5t by a previ\s agreem5t on a money$ /ake4 ,n[ if ! read] be n dispos$ to g ! l5g? :i* ! ,quak]s d1 by ! abolition ( su* amusem5ts1 he w at lea/ h _h ! advantage ( see+ t !re may be evil 9 !m1 & :]e x lies1 & ! ext5t 7if he w only look at ! hi/orical in/ances cit$7 to :i* x may proce$1 & its infallible prev5tion or its cure4 ,footnote #ef3 ,?is argum5t is usually appli$ to gr[n up p1 b may be applicable to y\?1 :5 we consid] ! +5i\s inv5tions ( mod]n times1 su* z maps ( dissect$ geography1 hi/orical & o!r games1 :i*1 :ile !y af=d pleasure1 promote improvem5t4 ,! next subject :i* (f]s itself to our view1 is music1 & ?is comes be=e u 9 two =ms1 ei!r z x is in/rum5tal or vocal4 ,) respect to in/rum5tal1 x is no :]e insi/$ ^u t its orig9 is evil1 or t x is n productive ( a natural delight1 or t x does n soo! & tranquilize ! passions1 or t x may n be innoc5tly us$1 or t x may n be made1 "u limitations1 a *e]ful companion 9 solitude4 ,b x is urg$ aga9/ x1 t x does n t5d1 l _m o!r /udies1 to ! improvem5t ( ! m9d2 t x af=ds no solid gr\nd ( com=t ei!r 9 solitude or affliction2 t x is a s5sual gratification2 & t s5sual gratifications1 if indulg$ 9 leisure h\rs1 take up ! "t :i* %\ld be devot$ to ^? ( a high] nature1 t is1 intellectual & moral pursuits4 ,x is urg$ aga9/ x aga91 t1 if abus$1 x is *>geable ) a crim9al wa/e ( "t1 & a crim9al impair+ ( heal?2 t ?is abuse1 9 consequ5ce ( pr(ici5cy be+ insi/$ ^u 7)\t :i* x ceases to be delightful7 is at ! pres5t day almo/ insep>able f its use2 & t :]e ! abuse ( a ?+1 ei!r 9 consequ5ce ( fa%ion1 or its own s$uctive nature1 or any o!r cause1 is ei!r necess>ily or v g5]ally connect$ ) ! use ( x1 wat*fulness to avoid x is z mu* a duty 9 ,*ri/ian morals1 z x is a duty aga9/ ! common dang]s ( life4 ,on vocal aga9 we obs]ve a prop] di/9ction attempt$4 ,we f9d1 t ! s++ is no m crim9al ?an ! read+ ( a song1 be+ b ano!r mode ( express+ x1 & t1 ! morality ( x !re=e w dep5d ^u ! words & s5tim5ts x conta9s4 ,if ^! are indelicate1 or un*a/e1 or hold out false & corruptive ideas1 z has be5 %ewn to be ! case ) a v>iety ( songs1 !n s++ may f an innoc5t become a vici\s amusem5t4 ,b x has be5 obs]v$1 t y\? seldom make any discrim9ation or selection ) respect to songs1 b t !y pick up all t come 9 _! way1 :atev] may be ! impropriety ( ! words or s5tim5ts1 :i* !y may conta94 ,n[ !n1 :e!r we speak ( in/rum5tal or vocal music1 if ! read] %\ld n be will+ totally to disc>d ?is sci5ce z ! ,quak]s d1 he w at lea/ h le>nt "s good f ! obs]vation :i* ! "w w h held out to him on ?is subject4 ,he w see t evil may unque/ionably be produc$ by ! cultivation ( x4 ,he w see ! absolute necessity ( gu>d+ 8 *ildr5 aga9/ ! le>n+ ( x to pr(essional precision1 z x is n[ un=tunately taught1 to ! detrim5t ( _! heal?1 & ( ! acquisition ( m important k4 ,he w see also ! necessity ( great vigilance ) respect to ! purity ( ! words & s5tim5ts :i* may be connect$ ) x4 ,! important subject1 :i* is br\ght next be=e u1 is t ( ! !atre4 ,"h we are taught1 t1 ?\gh dramatic pieces _h no c5surable orig91 ! be/ ( ! anci5t morali/s condemn$ !m4 ,we are taught1 t1 ev5 9 ! mo/ fav\rable light 9 :i* we c view !m1 !y h be5 ?\ght objectionable1 t is1 t :]e !y h pret5d$ to tea* morality1 !y h inculcat$ r ! ref9$ virtue ( hea!nism1 ?an ! /rict ?\gh mild morality ( ! ,gospel2 & :]e !y h attempt$ to extirpate vice1 !y h done x r by mak+ x appe> ridicul\s1 ?an by tea*+ m5 to avoid x z evil1 or = ! love ( virtue4 ,we are taught1 t1 z x is our duty to love our neighb\r1 & to be solicit\s = 8 spiritual welf>e1 we ought n1 "u a sy/em :i* requires simplicity & tru?1 to enc\rage him to be :at he is n1 or to p]sonate a "* :i* is n 8 own4 ,we are taught t x is ! g5]al t5d5cy ( ! div]sions ( ! /age1 by hold+ out false morals & prospects1 to weak5 ! s9ews ( morality2 by disqualify+ = dome/ic enjoym5ts1 to wean f a love ( home2 by accu/om+ to light ?\ghts & viol5t excitem5t ( ! passions1 to unfit = ! pleasures ( religion4 ,we are taught t div]sions ( ?is nature p>ticul>ly fasc9ate1 & t1 if !y fasc9ate1 !y sugge/ repetitions4 ,& f9ally we are taught1 t ! e>ly ,*ri/ians on _! conv]sion1 ?\gh be=e ?is "t !y _h foll[$ !m z among ! desirable pleasures ( _! lives1 rel9qui%$ !m on ! pr9ciples n[ expla9$4 ,! next subject1 :i* comes to u 9 ord]1 is danc+4 ,?is is h&$ d[n to u1 "u two appe>ances1 ei!r z x is simple1 or z x is connect$ ) prep>ations & accompanim5ts4 ,9 view+ x 9 its simple /ate1 x is no :]e cont5d$1 if x be enc\rag$ on ! pr9ciple ( promot+ su* an h>moni\s c>riage ( ! body1 or use ( ! limbs1 z maybe m promotive ( heal?1 t x is objectionable1 ?\gh x is suppos$ t x is n necess>y = su* purposes1 & t1 )\t music & its o!r usual accompanim5ts1 x w\ld n be pleasant4 ,nei!r is x cont5d$ t a simple dance ^u ! gre51 if x 7 to arise sudd5ly & )\t its usual prep>ations1 may n be innoc5t1 or t if may n be class$ ) an innoc5t game at play1 or ) innoc5t ex]cise 9 ! fields1 ?\gh x is consid]$1 t x w\ld h>dly be wor?y ( ^? ( rip] ye>s1 because !y :o are ackn[l$g$ to h come to ! /ature ( m51 are expect$ to ab&on amusem5ts = pursuits ( usefulness1 & p>ticul>ly :]e !y make any pr(ession ( ! ,*ri/ian "n4 ,9 view+ x ) its prep>ations1 & ) its subsequ5t accompanim5ts1 z usually display$ 9 ! ball-room1 we see x 9 a less fav\rable light4 ,we see x productive1 :]e x is habitually resort$ to1 ( a frivol\s levity1 ( vanity & pride1 & ( a littl5ess ( m9d & "*4 ,we see x also frequ5tly becom+ ! occasion ( ! excitem5t ( ! malevol5t passions1 su* z ang]1 envy1 hatr$1 jeal\sy1 malice1 & rev5ge4 ,we f9d x also frequ5tly lead+ to#eg indisposition4 ,we f9d la/ly1 t1 9 consequ5ce ( ! vexation ( m9d1 :i* may arise f a v>iety ( causes1 b m p>ticul>ly f disappo9tm5t & ! asc5d5cy ( "s ( ! passions t h be5 m5tion$1 m pleasure is g5]ally p]ceiv$ 9 ! anticipation ( ^! amusem5ts1 ?an 9 ! actual ta/e or use ( !m4 ,footnote #eg3 ,n only colds1 head-a*es1 & a g5]al lassitude1 ore ! result ,( danc+ 9 ball-rooms1 b occasionally s]i\s indisposition4 ,i h kn[n ! dea? ( two "y p]sons attribut$ to x by ! physicians :o att5d$ !m 9 _! illness4 ,! subject ( novels is pres5t$ next to our view4 ,& "h x has appe>$1 t no objection c be truly adduc$ aga9/ ^! on acc\nt ( ! fictiti\s nature ( _! cont5ts4 ,novels also are n all ( !m promiscu\sly condemn$4 ,x is cont5d$1 h[ev]1 f a v>iety ( causes :i* 7 %ewn1 t !y are v g5]ally c5surable4 ,we are taught aga91 t ! direct t5d5cy ( ^? :i* are c5surable is to produce conceit & affectation1 a romantic _s1 & a p]v]t$ morality among y\?4 ,we are taught aga91 t1 on acc\nt ( ! peculi> con/ruction ( ^!1 inasmu* z !y h plot & "* l dramatic compositions1 !y fasc9ate1 & ?is to su* a degree1 t y\? wait = no selection1 b dev\r promiscu\sly all t come 9 _! way4 ,h5ce ! conclusion is1 t ! effects1 alleg$ aga9/ novels1 _c b be g5]ally produc$4 ,we are pres5t$ also ) ?is fact1 t1 on acc\nt ( ! high season+ & gross /imulants !y conta91 all o!r writ+s1 h[ev] useful1 become insipid4 ,h5ce ! novel read]1 by becom+ indispos$ to ! p]usal ( m valuable books1 excludes himself f ! opportunity ( moral improvem5t1 &1 if immoral s5tim5ts are contract$1 f ! *ance ( any artificial corrective or cure4 ,! div]sions ( ! field (f] !mselves next to our notice4 ,we are taught1 on ! discussion :i* has aris5 on ?is subject1 t we are n p]mitt$ to take away ! lives ( animals wantonly b only z !y may be useful = food1 or z !y may be dang]\s to ourselves & to ! o!r animals :i* may belong to u1 & t a condition is annex$ to ! orig9al grant or *>t]1 by :i* p]mission 0 giv5 to kill1 :i* is nev] to be disp5s$ )1 or1 9 o!r words1 t we are to take away _! lives z spe$ily z we c4 ,h5ce rights h sprung up on ! "p ( animals1 & duties on ! "p ( m51 any brea* ( :i* is ! violation ( a moral law4 ,h5ce ! div]sions ( ! field become (t5 objectionable1 because life is n ?us tak5 away z spe$ily z x might o!rwise h be51 & because food or noxi\sness is n (t5 ! object ( ! de/ruction ( animals1 b m]e pleasure or sport4 ,we are taught also to consid] animals1 n z m]e ma*9es1 b z ! creatures ( ,god4 ,we are taught also1 t z !y 7 design$ to h _! prop] %>e ( happ9ess dur+ ! "t ( _! exi/5ce1 any wanton int]ruption ( ?is is an innovation ( _! rights z liv+ be+s4 ,& we are taught f9ally1 t ! organic nature ( m5 & animals be+ ! same1 z f> z a feel+ ( pa9 is conc]n$1 ! sympa?y :i* belongs to our nature1 & ! div9e law ( do+ z we w\ld be done by1 :i* w hold z f> z we c ent] into ! p]ceptions ei!r ( man or brutes1 impose ^u u ! duty ( anticipat+ _! feel+s1 & ( treat+ !m 9 a correspond+ or t5d] mann]4 ,if we take a view ( o!r cu/oms1 into :i* ! ,quak]s h ?\ght x "r to introduce regulations ) a view ( keep+ _! memb]s pure & innoc5t1 we le>n o!r lessons ( usefulness4 ,?us1 = example1 ! read]1 if he does n *oose to adopt _! dress1 may obta9 desirable k ^u ?is subject4 ,he w see t ! two great objects ( dress are dec5cy & com=t4 ,he w see1 ?\gh ,*ri/ianity prescribes nei!r col\r nor %ape = ! clo?+1 t x is n indiff]5t ab\t x4 ,x enjo9s simplicity & pla9ness1 because1 :]e m5 pay an undue att5tion to ! ext]ior1 !y are 9 dang] ( injur+ ! dignity ( _! m9ds4 ,x disc>ds ornam5ts f ! use ( app>el1 because ^!1 by puff+ up ! creature1 may be productive ( vanity & pride4 ,x =bids all unreasonable *anges on ! plea ( con=mity ) fa%ion1 because ! foll[+ ( fa%ion begets a worldly _s1 & because1 9 proportion z m5 indulge ?is _s1 !y are f\nd to foll[ ! loose & *angeable morality ( ! _w1 in/ead ( ! /rict & /eady morality ( ! ,gospel4 ,on ! subject ( language1 ?\gh ! read] may be unwill+ to adopt all ! s+ul>ities ( ! ,quak]s1 he may collect a lesson t may be useful to him 9 life4 ,he may discov] ! necessity ( ab/a9+ f all expressions ( flatt]y1 because ! use ( ^! may be morally injuri\s to himself by abridg+ ! indep5d5ce ( 8 m9d1 & by promot+ sup]/ition2 :ile x may be injuri\s to o!rs1 by occasion+ !m to ?9k m highly ( !mselves ?an !y ought1 & m degrad+ly ( _! fell[-creatures4 ,he may discov] also ! necessity ( adh]+ to ! tru? 9 all expressions1 :e!r 9 8 conv]sation or 9 8 lett]s2 t !re is always a consi/5cy 9 tru?1 & an inconsi/5cy 9 falsehood2 t z expressions accord ) ! ess5ces1 qualities1 prop]ties & *>act]s ( ?+s1 !y are m or less prop]2 & t an attempt to adh]e to ! tru? is productive ( moral good1 :ile a dep>ture f x may lead into error1 indep5d5tly ( its injury z a moral evil4 ,) respect to ! address1 or ! complim5t>y ge/ures or c]emonies ( ! _w1 if he be n incl9$ to reject !m totally z ! ,quak]s d1 he may f9d t !re may be unque/ionably evil 9 !m1 if !y are to be adjudg$ by ! purity ( ! ,*ri/ian sy/em4 ,he may p]ceive1 t !re may be z mu* flatt]y & z great a violation ( tru? ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! body1 z ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! tongue1 & t ! same m5tal degradation1 or toss ( dignifi$ indep5d5ce ( m9d1 may ins5sibly foll[4 ,on ! subject ( conv]sation & mann]s1 he may le>n ! propriety ( caution z to ! use ( idle words2 ( ab/a9+ f sc&al & detraction2 ( )hold+ 8 ass5t to cu/oms :5 />t$1 h[ev] fa%ionable1 if immoral2 ( mak+ himself useful by ! dignity ( ! topic he introduces1 & by ! decorum ) :i* he h&les x2 ( nev] all[+ 8 sprightl9ess to bord] ^u folly1 or 8 wit ^u lewdness1 b to clo! all 8 rem>ks 9 an innoc5t & a simple mann]4 ,f ! subject ( cu/oms connect$ ) meals1 su* z t1 = example1 ( say+ grace1 he may team t ?is is a devotional act2 t x is n to be said z a m]e c]emony1 by ?ank+ ! ,supreme ,be+ 9 s _m words :ile ! ?\ghts are rov+ on o!r subjects1 b t x %\ld be said ) s]i\sness & feel+1 & t x %\ld nev] come z an oblation f ! tongue1 except x come also an oblation f ! he>t4 ,& on t :i* relates to ! dr9k+ ( toa/s1 he may see ! moral necessity ( an imm$iate extirpation ( x4 ,he may see t ?is cu/om has n "o useful or laudable end 9 view2 t x is a direct imitation ( ,pagans 9 ! wor/ way 9 :i* we c foll[ !m--_! enjoym5t ( s5sual pleasures2 t x leads directly & almo/ inevitably to drunk5ness1 & ( c\rse to ! degradation ( ! rational & moral "*4 ,a second advantage1 :i* !y :o compose ! _w may d]ive on ?is occasion1 w be se5 f a recapitulation ( "s ( ! pr9ciples :i* ! "w conta9s4 ,! advantage 9 "q w *iefly consi/ 9 ?is1 t1 :atev] ^! pr9ciples may be1 !y may be said to be su* z h be5 adopt$ by a moral p1 & ?is aft] s]i\s delib]ation1 & solely on a religi\s gr\nd4 ,x is ( great importance f :5ce pr9ciples come recomm5d$ to our notice4 ,if !y come f ! inconsid]ate & wor?less1 !y lose _! value4 ,if f ! sob] & religi\s1 we receive !m "u ! impression1 t !y may be promotive ( our good4 ,i %all give !re=e a summ>y ( ^!1 z !y may be collect$ f ! "w4 ,god has imp>t$ to m5 a portion ( 8 own ,_s1 ?\gh he has giv5 x to !m indiff]5t degrees4 ,)\t ?is ,_s x w\ld be impossible = !m to disc]n spiritual ?+s4 ,)\t ?is x w\ld be impossible = !m to "k spiritually1 ev5 t ! ,scriptures 7 ( div9e au?ority1 or spiritually to und]/& !m4 ,?is ,_s p]=ms its (fice ( a tea*] by int]nal monitions1 &1 if enc\rag$1 ev5 by ! ext]nal objects ( creation4 ,x is also a prim>y & infallible guide4 ,x is giv5 to all )\t exception4 ,x is giv5 to all suffici5tly4 ,!y :o resi/ x1 qu5* x1 & ?is to _! own condemnation4 ,!y :o enc\rage x receive x m abundantly1 & are 9 ! way ( salvation & r$emption4 ,?is ,_s !re=e becomes a ,r$eem] also4 ,r$emption may he consid]$ 9 two po9ts ( view1 z x is ei!r by outw>d or inw>d means1 or z x relates to pa/ s9s or to s9s to come4 ,jesus ,*ri/ effect$ r$emption ( ! fir/ k9d1 or t f pa/ s9s1 :ile he 0 p]sonally ^u e>?1 by ! sacrifice ( himself4 ,b x is ?is ,_s1 or ,*ri/ )91 z ! ,quak]s call x1 :i* effects ! latt]1 or :i* pres]ves f future transgressions4 ,x is ?is ,_s :i* leads1 by means ( its inw>d work+s1 to a new bir?1 & f9ally to ! highe/ p]fection ( :i* our nature is capable4 ,9 ?is (fice ( an inw>d ,r$eem]1 x visits all1 s t all may be sav$1 if !y w att5d to its sav+ op]ations1 ,god be+ n will+ t any %\ld p]i%1 b t all %\ld inh]it et]nal life4 ,?is ,_s also qualifies m5 = ! m9i/ry4 ,x qualifies wom5 also = ?is (fice z well z m54 ,x dictates ! true season = sil5ce1 & ! true season = utt]ance1 bo? 9 public & private wor%ip4 ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 man because he took fle%1 & inhabit$ ! body :i* _h be5 prep>$ = him2 b he 0 ,div9ity1 because he 0 ! ,^w4 ,a resurrection w be effect$1 b n ( ! body z x is4 ,rew>ds & puni%m5ts w foll[1 b guilt w n be imput$ to m5 till !y h actually committ$ s94 ,baptism & ! ,"l's ,supp] are ess5tials ( ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,!y are n1 h[ev]1 ess5tials z outw>d ord9ances1 b only z !y are adm9i/]$ by ! ,holy ,_s4 ,civil gov]nm5t is = ! protection ( virtue & = ! removal ( vice4 ,ob$i5ce %\ld be paid to all its laws1 :]e ! consci5ce is n violat$ 9 do+ x4 ,to defraud x 9 any mann] ( its rev5ues1 or to take up arms on any consid]ation aga9/ x1 is unlawful4 ,b if m5 _c consci5ti\sly submit to any "o or m ( its ord9ances1 !y are n to temporize1 b to obey ,jesus ,*ri/ r ?an _! own gov]nors 9 ?is p>ticul> case4 ,!y are1 h[ev]1 to be will+ to submit to all ! p5alties :i* ! latt] may inflict ^u !m = s do+4 ,& z no ,*ri/ian ought to temporize 9 ! case ( any laws enjo9$ him by ! gov]nm5t "u :i* he lives1 s nei!r ought he to d x 9 ! case ( any ( ! cu/oms or fa%ions1 :i* may be enjo9$ him by ! _w4 ,all civil oa?s are =bidd5 9 ,*ri/ianity4 ,! ^w ( e ,*ri/ian %\ld be equival5t to 8 oa?4 ,x is n lawful to return evil = evil1 nor to %$ ! blood ( man4 ,all w>s are =bidd54 ,x is m hon\rable1 & m consi/5t ) ! g5ius & _s ( ,*ri/ianity1 & ! practice ( ,jesus ,*ri/ & ( 8 ,apo/les1 & ( ! primitive ,*ri/ians1 t m5 %\ld prea* ! ,gospel freely1 ?an t !y %\ld live by x1 z by a pr(ession or by a trade4 ,all m5 are bre?r5 by creation4 ,*ri/ianity makes no diff]5ce 9 ?is respect betwe5 ,jew & ,g5tile1 ,greek & ,b>b>ian1 bond & free4 ,no geographical b\nd>ies1 nor col\r ( ! sk9 or p]son1 nor diff]5ce ( religi\s s5tim5t1 c dissolve ?is relation%ip betwe5 !m4 ,all m5 are born equal ) respect to privileges4 ,b z !y fall into diff]5t situations & ranks ( life1 !y become di/+ui%$4 ,9 ,*ri/ianity1 h[ev]1 !re is no respect ( p]sons1 or no di/9ction ( !m1 b by _! virtue4 ,nobility & ri*es c nev] conf] wor?1 nor c pov]ty scre5 f a j appropriation ( disgrace4 ,man is a temple 9 :i* ! ,div9ity may reside4 ,he is !re=e to be look$ ^u & treat$ ) due respect4 ,no ,*ri/ian ought to l[] 8 dignity1 or to suff] him1 if he c help x1 to become ! in/rum5t ( 8 own degradation4 ,man is a be+1 = ^: spiritual welf>e e ,*ri/ian %\ld be solicit\s1 & a creature !re=e wor?y ( all ! pa9s t c be be/[$ ^u him = ! pres]vation ( 8 moral "*4 ,! fir/ object 9 ! education ( man %\ld be ! prop] subjugation ( 8 w4 ,no man ought to be p]secut$ or evil spok5 ( = a diff]5ce 9 religi\s op9ion4 ,nor is detraction or sl&] all[able 9 any case4 ,e religi\s community %\ld consid] ! poor belong+ to x z memb]s ( ! same family1 = ^: wants & com=ts x is a duty to provide4 ,! education also ( ! *ildr5 ( ^! %\ld be provid$ =4 ,x is enjo9$ u to live 9 peace ) all m54 ,all qu>rels !re=e are to be avoid$ betwe5 man & man4 ,b if diff]5ces arise1 !y are to be adju/$ by arbitration1 & n1 except x be o!rwise impossible1 by go+ to law1 & nev] by viol5ce4 ,if m5 (f5d aga9/ ! laws1 !y %\ld be prev5t$ f do+ injuries 9 future1 b nev] by ! puni%m5t ( ! loss ( life4 ,! re=mation ( a crim9al1 :i* includes a prev5tion ( a repetition ( su* injuries1 is ! great object to be reg>d$ 9 ! jurisprud5ce ( ,*ri/ians4 ,9 political matt]s !re is no safe reason+ b ^u pr9ciple4 ,no man is to d evil t good may come4 ,! policy ( ! ,gospel is nev] to be des]t$1 :atev] may be ! policy ( ! _w4 ,trade is an employm5t1 by means ( :i* we are p]mitt$ to ga9 a livelihood4 ,b all trades are n lawful4 ,m5 are responsible1 z ,*ri/ians1 = engag+ 9 ^? :i* are immoral1 or f> cont9u+ 9 ^? :i* !y may c>ry on ei!r to ! moral detrim5t ( !mselves or ( o!rs4 ,ab/95ce f haz>d\s ent]prises by ! failure ( :i* innoc5t p]sons might be injur$1 & hone/y 9 deal+1 & punctuality to words & engagem5ts1 are ess5tials 9 ! prosecution ( trade4 ,hav+ made obs]vations on ! cu/oms1 & br\ght to ! view ( ! read] "s ( ! prom95t pr9ciples ( ! ,quak]s1 a ?ird advantage w arise f kn[+ ! k9d ( "*1 :i* ^! 9 conjunction w produce4 ,on ?is subject we might be p]mitt$ our conjectures4 ,we might insi/ ^u ! nature & imm$iate t5d5cies ( ^! cu/oms & pr9ciples1 & we might draw our conclusions f !nce1 or we might /ate h[ !y 7 likely to op]ate1 s z probably n to be f> f ! tru?4 ,b we are sp>$ bo? ! tr\ble ( su* a task1 & are reliev$ f ! fe> ( hav+ ! accuracy ( our conclusions d\bt$4 ,! ,quak] "* has be5 made up f ! ackn[l$gm5ts ( o!rs4 ,x has be5 %ewn t !y are a moral p2 t !y are sob]1 & in(f5sive1 & quiet2 t !y are b5evol5t to man 9 8 religi\s & temporal capacity2 t !y are k9d or t5d]-he>t$ to animals2 t !y d n make sacrifices ( _! consci5ces to o!rs2 t 9 political affairs !y reason ^u pr9ciple2 t !y are punctual to _! words & engagem5ts2 & t !y h indep5d5ce ( m9d1 & c\rage4 ,_! "*1 z x is defective1 has be5 expla9$ also4 ,x has be5 prob$1 & tri$ by a prop] t\*/one4 ,appe>ances h be5 sep>at$ f realities4 ,! result has be51 t a defici5cy 9 lit]ature & sci5ce1 & t sup]/ition1 & t an undue eag]ness aft] money1 has be5 fix$ ^u a portion ( !m4 ,! two =m]1 h[ev]1 x is to be recollect$1 are only intellectually defective traits1 & maybe rem$i$ by k4 ,! latt]1 x is to be presum$1 belongs r to individuals ?an to ! society at l>ge4 ,b :atev] drawbacks may be made f ! p]fect by ! imp]fect qualities t h be5 /at$1 !re is a great prepond]ancy on ! side ( virtue4 ,& :]e1 :5 we consid] ! evil prop5sities ( our nature1 & ! difficulty ( keep+ ^! 9 due ord]1 are we to took = a fair] "*8 ,t m51 z individuals1 may be m p]fect1 bo? 9 & out ( ! society1 is n to be d5i$4 ,b :]e %all we f9d !m pur] z a body8 & :]e %all we f9d a faulty "*1 :]e ! rem$y is m easily at h&8 ,! next advantage w be 9 see+ ! mann] ( ! op]ation ( ^! cu/oms & pr9ciples1 or h[ !y act4 ,to g ov] ! :ole "* ( ! ,quak]s ) ?is view w\ld be bo? t$i\s & unnecess>y4 ,i %all !re=e only select "o or two p>ts ( x = my purpose4 ,& fir/1 h[ d ^! cu/oms & pr9ciples produce b5evol5ce8 ,i reply ?us3 ,! ,quak]s1 9 consequ5ce ( _! prohibitions aga9/ all public amusem5ts1 h nev] se5 man 9 ! capacity ( a hir$ buffoon or mimic1 or z a pur*asable play?+4 ,h5ce !y h nev] view$ him 9 a l[ & degrad+ light4 ,9 consequ5ce ( _! t5et on w>1 !y h nev] view$ him z an enemy4 ,9 consequ5ce ( _! discipl9>y pr9ciples1 !y h view$ him z an equal4 ,h5ce x appe>s1 t !y h no prejudices aga9/ him f causes :i* (t5 weigh ) o!rs1 ei!r on acc\nt ( rank1 or /ation1 or _m ( ! cu/oms ( ! _w4 ,n[ ,i conceive1 t ! d]eliction ( prejudice aga9/ man is z necess>y1 z a fir/ measure1 to ! production ( b5evol5ce t[>ds him1 z ! d]eliction ( vice t[>ds ! production ( virtue4 ,we see !n _! m9ds free f bias on ?is subject4 ,b :at is !re on ! o!r side to op]ate actively t[>ds ! promotion ( ?is trait8 ,!y view man1 9 ! fir/ place1 z ! temple 9 :i* ! ,div9ity may reside4 ,?is procures him respect4 ,secondly1 z a be+ = ^: spiritual welf>e !y ought to be solicit\s4 ,?is produces a conc]n = him4 ,& ?irdly1 z a bro!r4 ,?is produces relation%ip4 ,we see !n ! gr\nd cle>$4 ,we see all noxi\s we$s extirpat$4 ,we see good se$ s[n 9 _! places2 t is1 we see prejudices remov$ f ! he>t1 & we see ! ideas ( respect1 conc]n1 & relation%ip implant$ 9 x4 ,n[ x is impossible t ^! ideas1 "u ^! circum/ances1 %\ld n z naturally & imm$iately produce a g5]al b5evol5ce to man1 z common se$s1 :5 all ob/ructive we$s are remov$1 %\ld produce _! correspond+ sapl+s or fl[]s4 ,h[ aga9 are ^! cu/oms & pr9ciples ( ! ,quak]s promotive ( indep5d5ce ( m9d8 ,i answ] ?us3 ,!re is a natural indep5d5ce ( m9d 9 man1 b x is (t5 brok5 & weak5$4 ,"s m5 injure x by ! solicitation & acceptance ( hon\rs1 & p5sions1 & places2 o!rs by flatt]y & falsehood2 o!rs by cu/oms ( obeisance2 o!rs by _! ob$i5ce to fa%ion4 ,b ! indep5d5ce ( m9d ( ! ,quak]s is n /unt$ 9 its gr[? by ! *id+ bla/s ( su* circum/ances & habits4 ,x is invigorat$1 on ! o!r h&1 by _! own laws4 ,no s]vility is all[$ ei!r 9 ^w or ge/ure4 ,nei!r t :i* is writt51 nor t :i* is utt]$1 is to please ! vanity ( ! p]sons address$1 or to imply s]vices nev] int5d$ to be p]=m$4 ,! knee is n to be b5t to any "o4 ,x is /r5g!n$ aga9 & made to %oot by _! own maxims4 ,is x possible to be 9 ! habit ( view+ all m5 z equal 9 privileges1 & no "o z sup]ior to ano!r b by 8 virtue1 & n to feel a disposition t mu/ support x8 ,c ! maxim ( nev] do+ evil t good may come1 :5 call$ into ex]cise1 d o!rwise ?an *]i% x8 ,& c reason+ ^u pr9ciple h any o!r effect ?an t ( be+ promotive ( its gr[?8 ,^! !n are ! ways 9 :i* ^! cu/oms & pr9ciples op]ate4 ,n[ ! advantage to be d]iv$ f see+ ?is mann] ( _! op]ation1 consi/s 9 ?is3 ,fir/1 t we "k to a c]ta9ty1 t !y act t[>ds ! production ( virtue4 ,kn[+ aga9 :at ^! cu/oms & pr9ciples are1 we "k ^? :i* we are b\nd to *]i%4 ,we f9d also1 t !re are v>i\s spr+s :i* act ^u ! moral con/itution = ! =mation ( "*4 ,we f9d "s ( ^! great & p[]ful1 & o!rs inf]ior4 ,?is consid]ation %\ld tea* u n to despise ev5 ^? :i* are ! lea/1 if !y h b a t5d5cy to promote our purity4 ,= if ! effect ( any ( !m be only small1 a numb] ( effects ( little causes or spr+s1 :5 add$ toge!r1 may be z consid]able z a l>ge "o4 ,( ^! aga9 we obs]ve1 t "s are to be r\nd :]e _m w\ld h>dly h expect$ !m4 ,?is consid]ation %\ld make u c>eful to look into all our cu/oms & pr9ciples1 t we may n ov]look any "o :i* we may reta9 = our moral good4 ,& z we le>n ! lesson ( becom+ vigilant to discov] e good spr+1 & n to neglect ! lea/ ( ^!1 h[ev] subtle its op]ation1 s we le>n ! necessity ( vigilance to detect e spr+ or cause1 & ?is ev5 ! lea/1 :e!r 9 our cu/oms or our pr9ciples1 if x %\ld 9 its t5d5cy be promotive ( vice4 ,& 9 ! same mann] we may argue ) respect to o!r productions ( ^! cu/oms & pr9ciples ( ! ,quak]s4 ,z we h se5 ! latt] lead to "*1 s we h se5 !m lead to happ9ess4 ,! mann] ( _! op]ation to ?is end has be5 also equally disc]nible4 ,z we value !m because !y produce ! "o1 s we %\ld value !m because !y produce ! o!r4 ,we h se5 also :i* ( !m to value4 ,& we %\ld be /udi\s to *]i% ! v lea/ ( ^!1 z we %\ld be c>eful to disc>d ! lea/ ( ^? :i* are productive ( real & m]it$ unhapp9ess to ! m9d4 ,& n[1 hav+ exp5d$ my obs]vations on ! t5d5cies ( ! cu/oms & pr9ciples ( ! ,quak]s1 ,i %all conclude by express+ a wi%1 t ! "w :i* ,i h writt5 may be useful4 ,i h a wi%1 t x may be useful to ^? :o may be call$ ! _w1 by giv+ !m an insight into _m excell5t in/itutions1 ( :i* !y 7 be=e ignorant1 b :i* may be wor?y ( _! support & _! patronage4 ,i h a wi% also1 t x may be useful to ! ,quak]s !mselves1 fir/1 by lett+ !m see h[ _! own "* may be yet improv$2 & secondly1 by pres]v+ !m1 9 "s measure1 bo? f unbecom+ rem>ks1 & f h>% usage1 on ! "p ( _! fell[-citiz5s ( a diff]5t d5om9ation f !mselves4 ,= surely :5 x is kn[n1 z ,i hope x is by ?is "t1 t !y h moral & religi\s gr\nds = _! p>ticul>ities1 we %all no long] he> _! scruples br&$ ) ! "n ( follies & ob/9acies1 or see magi/rates treat+ !m ) a ne$less sev]ity1 b giv+#eh !m1 on ! o!r h&1 all ! indulg5ces !y c1 consi/5tly ) ! execution ( ! laws4 ,9 proportion z ?is utility is produc$1 my design w be answ]$ 9 ! production ( ! "w1 & ,i %all receive pleasure 9 hav+ writt5 x4 ,& ?is pleasure w be subject only to "o drawback1 :i* w unavoidably arise 9 ! pres5t case2 = ,i _c b regret t ,i h n _h m "t to be/[ ^u x1 or t "s o!r p]son has n appe>$1 :o possess+ an equal k ( ! ,quak]s ) myself1 b bett] qualifi$ 9 o!r respects1 might h employ$ 8 tal5ts m to ! advantage ( ! subjects ^u :i* ,i h treat$ 9 ^! volumes4 ,footnote #eh3 ,"s magi/rates1 mu* to _! hon\r1 treat !m ) t5d]ness2 & no p are m =w>d ?an ! ,quak]s 9 ackn[l$g+ any att5tion t may be %ewn !m1 b p>ticul>ly :]e _! religi\s scruples may be conc]n$4 ,,end ,,( ,,! ,,?ird ,,volume