9 "t ( ,,em]g5cy a citiz5's h&book on 444 ,,nucle> ,,attack 444 ,,natural ,,disa/]s ,,dep>tm5t ,,( ,,def5se ,,(fice ,,( ,,civil ,,def5se 99 99 99 99 99 ,,?is ,,h&book ,,is ,,! ,,prop]ty ,,(3 ,"n ,address ,,location ,,( ,,designat$ ,,fall\t ,,%elt]1 ,,or ,,%elt] ,,ne>e/ ,,to3 ,home ,s*ool ,workplace ,,em]g5cy ,,telephone ,,numb]s3#a ,ambulance ,civil ,def5se ,doctors ,fire ,heal? ,dep>tm5t ,hospitals ,police ,r$ ,cross ,utility ,companies ,wea!r ,bureau ,o!r 99 99 99 99 99 ,,9 ,,"t ,,( ,,em]g5cy ,a ,,citiz5',s ,,h&book ,,on --,,nucle> ,,attack --,,natural ,,disa/]s ,! ,(fice ( ,civil ,def5se gratefully ackn[l$ges ! assi/ance provid$ by repres5tatives ( ! foll[+ ag5cies & organizations 9 ! prep>ation ( mat]ial = ?is h&book3 ,u4,s4 ,atomic ,en]gy ,commission ,u4,s4 ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture ,u4,s4 ,dep>tm5t ( ,comm]ce2 ,environm5tal ,sci5ce ,s]vices ,adm9i/ration2 ,wea!r ,bureau ,u4,s4 ,dep>tm5t ( ,heal?1 ,education1 & ,welf>e2 ,public ,heal? ,s]vice ,(fice ( ,em]g5cy ,plann+1 ,executive ,(fice ( ! ,presid5t ,am]ican ,m$ical ,association2 ,committee on ,disa/] ,m$ical ,c>e ,am]ican ,national ,r$ ,cross ,national ,geographic ,society ,national ,association ( ,/ate ,civil ,def5se ,directors ,unit$ ,/ates ,civil ,def5se ,c\ncil ,! ,(fice ( ,civil ,def5se1 h[ev]1 is solely responsible = ! validity & accuracy ( ! in=mation 9 ! h&book4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,table ,,( ,,cont5ts ,introduction ,,"p ,i3 ,,nucle> ,,attack ,*apt] #a--;,*eckli/ ( ,em]g5cy ,actions ,*apt] #b---,und]/& ! ,haz>ds ( ,nucle> ,attack ,*apt] #c--,"k ,ab\t ,w>n+ ,*apt] #d--;,fall\t ,%elt]s1 ,public & ,private ,*apt] #e--;,improvis+ ,fall\t ,protection ,*apt] #f--,supplies = ,fall\t ,%elt]s ,*apt] #g--,wat]1 ,food1 & ,sanitation 9 a ,%elt] ,*apt] #h--;,fire ,haz>ds ,*apt] #i--;,em]g5cy ,c>e ( ! ,sick & ,injur$ ,,"p ,,ii3 ,,major ,,natural ,,disa/]s ,*apt] #a--;,g5]al ,guidance ,*apt] #b--;,floods & ,hurricanes ,*apt] #c--,tornadoes ,*apt] #d--,w9t] ,/orms ,*apt] #e--;,e>?quakes ,index 99 99 99 99 99 ,,introduction ,a major em]g5cy affect+ a l>ge numb] ( p may occur anytime & any:]e4 ,x may be a peacetime disa/] su* z a flood1 tornado1 fire1 hurricane1 blizz>d or e>?quake4 ,x c\ld be an enemy nucle> attack on ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,9 any type ( g5]al disa/]1 lives c be sav$ if p are prep>$ = ! em]g5cy1 & "k :at actions to take :5 x occurs4 ,) ! aid ( ,f$]al & ,/ate gov]nm5ts1 cities & c\nties 9 all p>ts ( ! c\ntry are develop+ _! local civil def5se sy/ems--! fall\t %elt]s1 support+ equipm5t & em]g5cy plans ne$$ to r$uce ! loss ( life f an enemy attack4 ,:ile ^! local gov]nm5t sy/ems h be5 set up ma9ly z safegu>ds aga9/ nucle> attack1 !y h sav$ lives & reliev$ suff]+ 9 _m major peacetime disa/]s4 ,p h be5 w>n$ ( imp5d+ /orms & simil> dang]s1 told h[ to protect !mselves1 %elt]$ f ! elem5ts1 f$ & clo!d1 treat$ = injury & illness1 & giv5 help 9 resum+ _! normal lives4 ,exp]i5ce has %[n t z cities1 c\nties & t[ns develop _! sy/ems to pres]ve life "u nucle> attack conditions1 !y also become bett] prep>$ to deal effectively ) peacetime disa/]s4 ,9 coop]ation ) ! ,u4,s4 ,(fice ( ,civil ,def5se & ! ,/ates1 _m local gov]nm5ts are improv+ _! civil def5se sy/ems by prep>+ community %elt] plans4 ,^! plans include in/ructions to local citiz5s on :at to d 9 ! ev5t ( nucle> attack4 ,?is h&book1 ,9 ,"t ( ,em]g5cy1 conta9s basic g5]al in=mation on bo? nucle> attack & major natural disa/]s4 ,?is g5]al guidance supplem5ts ! specific in/ructions issu$ by local gov]nm5ts4 ,s9ce special conditions may exi/ 9 "s communities1 ! local in/ructions may be slightly diff]5t f ?is g5]al guidance4 ,9 ^? cases1 ! local in/ructions %\ld be foll[$4 ,"p ,i 7pages #c-fh7 is conc]n$ ) nucle> attack & basic actions to take4 ,"p ,,ii 7pages #fi-hf7 discusses prep>ations & em]g5cy actions t w help individuals cope ) major natural disa/]s--floods1 hurricanes1 tornadoes1 w9t] /orms1 & e>?quakes4 ,9 addition to foll[+ ! advice giv5 9 ?is h&book & ! in/ructions ( _! local gov]nm5ts1 p c prep>e !mselves bett] to meet any major disa/] by tak+ tra9+ c\rses to develop _! em]g5cy skills4 ,especially recomm5d$ are ^! c\rses3 ,,p]sonal ,,& ,,family ,,survival 7#ab-;h\r c\rse7--,a basic ori5tation c\rse 9 civil def5se1 :i* also tells p h[ to improve _! protection aga9/ ! effects ( a nucle> attack4 ,,m$ical ,,self-,,help 7#af-;h\r c\rse7--,h[ to c>e = ! sick & injur$ if a doctor or nurse is n available4 ,,fir/ ,,aid 7c\rses ( v>i\s l5g?s7--,h[ to help ! sick & injur$ until pr(essional m$ical assi/ance is obta9$4 ,,c>e ,,( ,,! ,,sick ,,& ,,injur$ 7#ab-;h\r c\rse7--,h[ to c>e = pati5ts aft] !y h receiv$ pr(essional m$ical treatm5t4 ,in=mation on ^! free c\rses1 :i* are giv5 9 mo/ communities1 is available f local ,civil ,def5se ,(fices1 ,c\nty ,agricultural ,ext5sion ,ag5ts1 local public heal? dep>tm5ts1 or ,am]ican ,r$ ,cross *apt]s4 ,special advice = rural families on em]g5cy actions relat$ to crops & live/ock is available f ! ,u4,s4 ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,"p ,,"o ,,nucle> ,,attack ,a nucle> attack aga9/ ! ,unit$ ,/ates w\ld take a high toll ( lives4 ,b our losses w\ld be mu* less if p 7 prep>$ to meet ! em]g5cy1 knew :at actions to take1 & took !m4 ,a nationwide civil def5se sy/em n[ exi/s 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & is be+ enl>g$ & improv$ con/antly4 ,! he>t ( ?is sy/em is fall\t %elt] to protect p f ! radioactive fall\t t w\ld result f a nucle> attack4 ,! sy/em also includes w>n+ & communications networks1 prep>ations to measure fall\t radiation1 control c5t]s to direct lifesav+ & recov]y op]ations1 em]g5cy broadca/+ /ations1 local gov]nm5ts organiz$ = em]g5cy op]ations1 l>ge numb]s ( citiz5s tra9$ 9 em]g5cy skills1 & ,u4,s4 milit>y =ces available to help civil au?orities & ! public 9 a "t ( em]g5cy4 ,if an enemy %\ld ?reat5 to attack ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 y w\ld n be alone4 ,! entire ,nation w\ld be mobiliz+ to repulse ! attack1 de/roy ! enemy1 & hold d[n our own loss ( life4 ,mu* assi/ance w\ld be available to y--f local1 ,/ate & ,f$]al gov]nm5ts1 f ! ,u4,s4 arm$ =ces units 9 y\r area1 & f y\r neighbors & fell[-,am]icans4 ,if an attack %\ld come1 _m lives w\ld be sav$ ?r\gh effective em]g5cy prep>ations & actions4 ,y c give y\rself & y\r family a mu* bett] *ance ( surviv+ & recov]+ f a nucle> attack if y w take "t n[ to3 ,und]/& ! dang]s y w\ld face 9 an attack4 ,make y\r own prep>ations = an attack4 ,le>n :at actions y %\ld take at ! "t ( attack4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,*apt] #a ,,*eckli/ ,,( ,,em]g5cy ,,actions 99 ,,"k ,,y\r ,,local ,,em]g5cy ,,action ,,plan 99 ,f9d out f y\r local gov]nm5t y\r local plan = em]g5cy action4 99 ,det]m9e ! specific actions y & memb]s ( y\r family are expect$ to take4 99 ,,und]/& ,,nucle> ,,attack ,,haz>ds 7,see ,*apt] #b1 page #i7 ,on ! widespread ?reat ( fall\t1 rememb]3 99 ,! mo/ dang]\s p]iod is ! fir/ #bd h\rs aft] fall\t arrives4 ,b y might h to use fall\t %elt] = up to two weeks4 99 ,highly dang]\s am\nts ( fall\t are visible4 ,!y look l p>ticles ( s& or salt4 99 ,!re is little dang] t adults c\ld inhale or swall[ en\gh fall\t p>ticles to hurt !m4 ,small *ildr51 h[ev]1 c\ld be injur$ by dr9k+ contam9at$ wat] or milk4 99 ,a p]son expos$ to fall\t radiation does n become radioactive4 ,radiation sickness is n contagi\s2 "o p]son _c cat* x f ano!r p]son4 99 ,,"k ,,! ,,attack ,,w>n+ ,,signal 7,see ,*apt] #c1 page #ag7 99 ,on outdoor w>n+ devices1 ! ,attack ,w>n+ ,signal is a #c- to #e-m9ute wav]+ s\nd1 or a s]ies ( %ort bla/s on :i/les or horns4 99 ,?is signal means3 ,an enemy attack aga9/ ! ,unit$ ,/ates has be5 detect$4 ,take protective action4 7,?is signal has no o!r mean+1 & w be us$ = no o!r purpose47 99 ,on w>n+1 don't use ! phone4 ,get in=mation f radio4 99 ,,"k ,,! ,,location ,,( ,,fall\t ,,%elt] 7,see ,*apt] #d1 page #bc7 99 ,public %elt]s are m>k$ l ?is4 99 ,good %elt]s c be prep>$ 9 homes ) basem5ts4 99 ,,if ,,no ,,%elt] ,,is ,,available1 ,,improvise ,,protection 7,see ,*apt] #e1 page #cc7 ,rememb]3 99 ,a basem5t corn] bel[ gr\nd level1 or a /orm cell>1 is ! be/ place to improvise fall\t protection4 99 ,= ! be/ possible protection1 use heavy & d5se mat]ials = %ield+4 99 ,,prep>e ,,em]g5cy ,,supplies 7,see ,*apt] #f1 page #ci7 ,especially important are3 99 ,wat] & o!r liquids4 99 ,food requir+ no cook+4 99 ,special m$ic9es4 99 ,,cons]ve ,,em]g5cy ,,supplies2 ,,ma9ta9 ,,sanitation 7,see ,*apt] #g1 page #de7 99 ,,r$uce ,,fire ,,haz>ds 7,see ,*apt] #h1 page #ea7 99 ,,"k ,,! ,,basics ,,( ,,em]g5cy ,,m$ical ,,c>e 7,see ,*apt] #i1 page #ee7 ,if no doctor is available1 especially important are actions to3 99 ,re/ore brea?+4 99 ,/op s]i\s ble$+4 99 ,treat = %ock4 99 ,treat brok5 bones & burns4 99 ,,foll[ ,,(ficial ,,in/ructions 99 99 99 99 99 ,,*apt] #b ,,und]/& ,,! ,,haz>ds ,,( ,,nucle> ,,attack ,,summ>y #a4 ,! ma9 haz>ds ( a nucle> attack are bla/1 heat1 fire1 & fall\t radiation4 #b4 ,y may be able to protect y\rself aga9/ bla/ & heat by gett+ inside a %elt] or tak+ cov]1 be=e ! nucle> explosions occur4 ,y may be able to avoid fire injuries by putt+ out small fires or escap+ f l>ge fires t might occur 9 y\r area4 #c4 ,y c protect y\rself aga9/ fall\t radiation by gett+ inside a fall\t %elt]--if possible1 be=e fall\t p>ticles beg9 drift+ d[n--& by /ay+ !re until y are told to come out by au?orities :o h ! equipm5t to measure radiation levels4 #d4 ,aft] a nucle> attack1 food & wat] w\ld be available to mo/ p1 & x w\ld be usable4 ,if any fall\t p>ticles h collect$1 !y c\ld be remov$ be=e ! food is eat5 or ! wat] is drunk4 ,p suff]+ f extreme hung] or ?ir/ %\ld n be d5i$ food or wat]1 ev5 if ! available supplies are n kn[n to be free ( fall\t p>ticles or o!r radioactive sub/ances4 #e4 ,infants & small *ildr5 %\ld be f$ cann$ or p[d]$ milk 7if available7 = a:ile aft] ! attack1 unless ! regul> milk supply is uncontam9at$4 ,!y %\ld n be giv5 wat] t may conta9 radioactive sub/ances1 if o!r wat] kn[n to be pure is available4 #f4 ,a p]son _c cat* radiation sickness f ano!r p]son4 ,,und]/& ,,! ,,haz>ds ,,( ,,nucle> ,,attack ,:5 a nucle> bomb or missile explodes1 ! ma9 effects produc$ are int5se light 7fla%71 heat1 bla/1 & radiation4 ,h[ /rong ^! effects are dep5ds on ! size & type ( ! weapon2 h[ f> away ! explosion is2 ! wea!r conditions 7sunny or ra9y1 w9dy or /ill72 ! t]ra9 7:e!r ! gr\nd is flat or hilly72 & ! height ( ! explosion 7high 9 ! air1 or ne> ! gr\nd74 ,all nucle> explosions cause light1 heat & bla/1 :i* occur imm$iately4 ,9 addition1 explosions t are on or close to ! gr\nd w\ld create l>ge quantities ( dang]\s radioactive fall\t p>ticles1 mo/ ( :i* w\ld fall to e>? dur+ ! fir/ #bd h\rs4 ,explosions high 9 ! air w\ld create small] radioactive p>ticles1 :i* w\ld n h any real effect on humans until _m mon?s or ye>s lat]1 if at all4#b ,,:at ,,w\ld ,,happ5 ,,9 ,,an ,,enemy ,,attack ,if ! ,u4,s4 %\ld be attack$1 ! p :o happ5$ to be close to a nucle>1 explosion--9 ! area ( heavy de/ruction--probably w\ld be kill$ or s]i\sly injur$ by ! bla/1 or by ! heat ( ! nucle> fireball4 ,p a few miles away--9 ! fr+e area ( ! explosion--w\ld be endang]$ by ! bla/ & heat1 & by fires t ! explosion might />t4 ,h[ev]1 x is likely t mo/ ( ! p 9 ! fr+e area w\ld survive ^! haz>ds4 ,p :o 7 outside ! fr+e area w\ld n be affect$ by ! bla/1 heat or fire4 ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se /udies %[ t 9 any nucle> attack an enemy might laun* aga9/ u1 t5s ( millions ( ,am]icans w\ld be outside ! fr+e areas4 ,to !m--& to p 9 ! fr+e areas :o surviv$ ! bla/1 heat & fire--radioactive fall\t w\ld be ! ma9 dang]4 ,protective measures aga9/ ?is dang] c be tak54 ,,:at ,,is ,,fall\t8 ,:5 a nucle> weapon explodes ne> ! gr\nd1 great quantities ( pulv]iz$ e>? & o!r debris are suck$ up into ! nucle> cl\d4 ,!re ! radioactive gases produc$ by ! explosion cond5se on & into ?is debris1 produc+ radioactive fall\t p>ticles4 ,)9 a %ort "t1 ^! p>ticles fall back to e>?--! l>g] ones fir/1 ! small] ones lat]4 ,on ! way d[n1 & aft] !y rea* ! gr\nd1 ! radioactive p>ticles give (f invisible gamma rays--l ,x-rays--too mu* ( :i* c kill or injure p4 ,^! p>ticles give (f mo/ ( _! radiation quickly2 !re=e ! fir/ few h\rs or days aft] an attack w\ld be ! mo/ dang]\s p]iod4 ,9 dang]\sly affect$ areas ! p>ticles !mselves w\ld look l gra9s ( salt or s&2 b ! rays !y w\ld give (f c\ld n be se51 ta/$1 smell$ or felt4 ,special in/rum5ts w\ld be requir$ to detect ! rays & measure _! int5sity4 ,,fall\t ,,w\ld ,,be ,,widespread ,! di/ribution ( fall\t p>ticles aft] a nucle> attack w\ld dep5d on w9d curr5ts1 wea!r conditions & o!r factors4 ,!re is no way ( pr$ict+ 9 advance :at areas ( ! c\ntry w\ld be affect$ by fall\t1 or h[ soon ! p>ticles w\ld fall back to e>? at a p>ticul> location4 ,"s communities might get a heavy accumulation ( fall\t1 :ile o!rs--ev5 9 ! same g5]al area--might get little or none4 ,no area 9 ! ,u4,s4 c\ld be sure ( n gett+ fall\t1 & x is probable t "s fall\t p>ticles w\ld be deposit$ on mo/ ( ! c\ntry4 ,areas close to a nucle> explosion might receive fall\t )9 #ae-cj m9utes4 ,x might take #e-aj h\rs or m = ! p>ticles to drift d[n on a community #ajj or #bjj miles away4 ,g5]ally1 ! fir/ #bd h\rs aft] fall\t began to settle w\ld be ! mo/ dang]\s p]iod to a community's resid5ts4 ,! heavi] p>ticles fall+ dur+ t "t w\ld /ill be highly radioactive & give (f /rong rays4 ,! light] p>ticles fall+ lat] w\ld h lo/ mu* ( _! radiation high 9 ! atmosph]e4 ,,fall\t ,,causes ,,radiation ,,sickness ,! invisible gamma rays giv5 (f by fall\t p>ticles c cause radiation sickness--t is1 illness caus$ by physical & *emical *anges 9 ! cells ( ! body4 ,if a p]son receives a l>ge dose ( radiation1 he w die4 ,b if he receives only a small or m$ium dose1 8 body w repair itself & he w get well4 ,! same dose receiv$ ov] a %ort p]iod ( "t is m damag+ ?an if x is receiv$ ov] a long] p]iod4 ,usually1 ! effects ( a giv5 dose ( radiation are m sev]e 9 v "y & v old p]sons1 & ^? n 9 good heal?4 ,no special clo?+ c protect p aga9/ gamma radiation1 & no special drugs or *emicals c prev5t l>ge doses ( radiation f caus+ damage to ! cells ( ! body4 ,h[ev]1 antibiotics & o!r m$ic9es are helpful 9 treat+ infections t sometimes foll[ excessive exposure to radiation 7:i* weak5s ! body's ability to fight infections74 ,almo/ all ( ! radiation t p w\ld absorb f fall\t p>ticles w\ld come f p>ticles outside _! own bodies4 ,only simple precautions w\ld be necess>y to avoid swall[+ ! p>ticles1 & because ( _! size 7l gra9s ( s&7 x w\ld be practically impossible to inhale !m4 ,p expos$ to fall\t radiation d n become radioactive & !reby dang]\s to o!r p4 ,radiation sickness is n contagi\s or infecti\s1 & "o p]son _c cat* x f ano!r p]son4 ,,protection ,,is ,,possible ,p c protect !mselves aga9/ fall\t radiation1 & h a good *ance ( surviv+ x1 by /ay+ inside a fall\t %elt]4 ,9 mo/ cases1 ! fall\t radiation level outside ! %elt] w\ld decrease rapidly en\gh to p]mit p to leave ! %elt] )9 a few days4 ,ev5 9 communities t receiv$ heavy accumulations ( fall\t p>ticles1 p soon might be able to leave %elt] = a few m9utes or a few h\rs at a "t 9 ord] to p]=m em]g5cy tasks4 ,9 mo/ places1 x is unlikely t full-"t %elt] occupancy w\ld be requir$ = m ?an a week or two4 ,,_m ,,k9ds ,,( ,,fall\t ,,%elt]s ,! f>!r away y are f ! fall\t p>ticles outside1 ! less radiation y w receive4 ,also1 ! build+ mat]ials 7concrete1 brick1 lumb]1 etc47 t are betwe5 y & ! fall\t p>ticles s]ve to absorb _m ( ! gamma rays & keep !m f rea*+ y4 ,a fall\t %elt]1 !re=e1 does n ne$ to be a special type ( build+ or an und]gr\nd bunk]4 ,x c be any space1 provid$ ! walls & ro( are ?ick or heavy en\gh to absorb _m ( ! rays giv5 (f by ! fall\t p>ticles outside1 & ?us keep dang]\s am\nts ( radiation f rea*+ ! p inside ! /ructure4 ,a %elt] c be ! basem5t or inn] corridor ( any l>ge build+2 ! basem5t ( a private home2 a subway or tunnel2 or ev5 a backy>d tr5* ) "s k9d ( %ield+ mat]ial 7heavy lumb]1 e>?1 bricks1 etc47 s]v+ z a ro(4 ,9 addition to protect+ p f fall\t radiation1 mo/ fall\t %elt]s also w\ld provide "s limit$ protection aga9/ ! bla/ & heat effects ( nucle> explosions t 7 n close by4 ,*apt] #d 7pages #bc-cb7 discusses ! v>i\s types ( fall\t %elt]s t p c use to protect !mselves 9 case ( nucle> attack4 ,,food ,,& ,,wat] ,,w\ld ,,be ,,available ,,& ,,usable ,f _m /udies1 ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t has det]m9$ t en\gh food & wat] w\ld be available aft] an attack to su/a9 our surviv+ citiz5s4 ,h[ev]1 tempor>y food %ortages might occur 9 "s areas1 until food 0 %ipp$ !re f o!r areas4 ,mo/ ( ! ,nation's rema9+ food supplies w\ld be usable aft] an attack4 ,s9ce radiation pass+ ?r\gh food does n contam9ate x1 ! only dang] w\ld be ! actual swall[+ ( fall\t p>ticles t happ5$ to be on ! food itself 7or on ! c or package conta9+ ! food71 & ^! c\ld be wip$ or wa%$ (f4 ,reap+1 ?re%+1 cann+ & o!r process+ w\ld prev5t any dang]\s quantities ( fall\t p>ticles f gett+ into process$ foods4 ,if necess>y to fur!r protect ! population1 special precautions w\ld be tak5 by food processors4 ,wat] sy/ems might be affect$ some:at by radioactive fall\t1 b ! risk w\ld be small1 especially if a few simple precautions 7 tak54 ,wat] /or$ 9 cov]$ conta9]s & wat] 9 cov]$ wells w\ld n be contam9at$ aft] an attack1 because ! fall\t p>ticles c\ld n get into ! wat]4 ,ev5 if ! conta9]s 7 n cov]$ 7su* z buckets or ba?tubs fill$ ) em]g5cy supplies ( wat]71 z long z !y 7 indoors x is highly unlikely t fall\t p>ticles w\ld get into !m4 ,practically all ( ! p>ticles t dropp$ into op5 res]voirs1 lakes1 & /reams 7or into op5 conta9]s or wells7 w\ld settle to ! bottom4 ,any t didn't w\ld be remov$ :5 ! wat] 0 filt]$ be=e be+ pump$ to consum]s4 ,a small am\nt ( radioactive mat]ial might dissolve 9 ! wat]1 b at mo/ ?is w\ld be ( conc]n = only a few weeks4 ,milk contam9ation f fall\t is n expect$ to be a s]i\s problem aft] an attack4 ,if c[s graze on contam9at$ pa/ure & swall[ fall\t p>ticles t conta9 "s radioactive elem5ts1 _! milk might be h>mful to ! ?yroid gl&s ( infants & small *ildr54 ,!re=e1 if possible1 !y %\ld be giv5 cann$ or p[d]$ milk = a few weeks if au?orities say ! regul> milk supply is contam9at$ by radioactive elem5ts4 ,9 summ>y1 ! dang] ( p receiv+ h>mful doses ( fall\t radiation ?r\gh food1 wat] or milk is v small4 ,p suff]+ f extreme hung] or ?ir/ %\ld n be d5i$ ^! necessities aft] an attack1 ev5 if ! only available supplies might conta9 fall\t p>ticles or o!r radioactive sub/ances4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,*apt] #c ,,"k ,,ab\t ,,w>n+ ,,summ>y ,,be=e ,,an ,,em]g5cy #a4 ,le>n :at outdoor w>n+ signals are us$ 9 y\r community1 :at !y s\nd l1 :at !y mean1 & :at actions y %\ld take :5 y he> !m4 #b4 ,make sure y "k ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! ,attack ,w>n+ ,signal & ! ,att5tion or ,al]t ,signal 7if bo? are us$ 9 y\r community74 ,,dur+ ,,an ,,em]g5cy #a4 ,:5 y he> ! w>n+ signals1 or w>n+ in=mation is broadca/1 take prompt action4 #b4 ,if ! ,attack ,w>n+ ,signal s\nds1 g to a fall\t %elt] imm$iately 7unless y\r local gov]nm5t has told y to d some?+ else74 ,aft] y are 9 %elt]1 li/5 to a radio = m in=mation & in/ructions4 #c4 ,if !re is no public or private %elt] y c g to1 try to improvise "s fall\t protection4 ,z a la/ resort1 take cov] 9 ! be/ available place4 #d4 ,if !re %\ld be a nucle> fla%--especially if y feel ! w>m? f x--take cov] in/antly1 & !n move to a fall\t %elt] lat]4 ,,"k ,,ab\t ,,w>n+ ,an enemy attack on ! ,unit$ ,/ates probably w\ld be prec$$ by a p]iod ( int]national t5sion or crisis4 ,?is crisis p]iod w\ld help al]t all citiz5s to ! possibility ( attack4 ,if an attack actually occurs1 x is almo/ c]ta9 t incom+ enemy planes & missiles w\ld be detect$ by our networks ( w>n+ /ations 9 "t = citiz5s to get into %elt]s or at lea/ take cov]4 ,?is w>n+ "t might be z little z #e-ae m9utes 9 "s locations1 or z mu* z an h\r or m 9 o!rs4 ,h[ y receiv$ w>n+ ( an attack w\ld dep5d on :]e y happ5$ to be at t "t4 ,y might he> ! w>n+ giv5 on radio or television1 or ev5 by ^w-(-m\?4 ,or y\r fir/ notice ( attack might come f ! outdoor w>n+ sy/em 9 y\r own city1 t[n or village4 ,_m ,u4,s4 cities & t[ns h outdoor w>n+ sy/ems1 us+ sir5s1 :i/les1 horns or bells4 ,al?\gh !y h be5 in/all$ ma9ly to w>n citiz5s ( enemy attack1 "s local gov]nm5ts also use !m 9 connection ) natural disa/]s & o!r peacetime cata/rophes4 ,diff]5t cities & t[ns are us+ _! outdoor w>n+ sy/ems 9 diff]5t ways4 ,mo/ local gov]nm5ts1 h[ev]1 h decid$ to use a c]ta9 signal to w>n p ( an enemy attack1 & a diff]5t signal to notify !m ( a peacetime disa/]4 ,,! ,,/&>d ,,w>n+ ,,signals ,! two /&>d signals t h be5 adopt$ 9 mo/ communities are ^!3 ,,! ,,attack ,,w>n+ ,,signal4 ,?is w be s\nd$ only 9 case ( enemy attack4 ,! signal itself is a #c- to #e-m9ute wav]+ s\nd on ! sir5s1 or a s]ies ( %ort bla/s on :i/les1 horns or o!r devices1 repeat$ z deem$ necess>y4 ,! ,attack ,w>n+ ,signal means t an actual enemy attack aga9/ ! ,unit$ ,/ates has be5 detect$1 & t protective action %\ld be tak5 imm$iately4 ,?is signal has no o!r mean+1 & w be us$ = no o!r purpose4 ,,! ,,att5tion ,,or ,,al]t ,,signal4 ,?is is us$ by "s local gov]nm5ts to get ! att5tion ( citiz5s 9 a "t ( ?reat5$ or imp5d+ natural disa/]1 or "s o!r peacetime em]g5cy4 ,! signal itself is a #c-to #e-m9ute /eady bla/ on sir5s1 :i/les1 horns or o!r devices4 ,9 mo/ places1 ! ,att5tion or ,al]t ,signal means t ! local gov]nm5t wants to broadca/ important in=mation on radio or television conc]n+ a peacetime disa/]4 7,see ,*apt] #a ( ,major ,natural ,disa/]s section ( ?is h&book47 ,,:at ,,to ,,d ,,:5 ,,signals ,,s\nd #a4 ,if y %\ld he> ! ,attack ,w>n+ ,signal--unless y\r local gov]nm5t has in/ruct$ y o!rwise--g imm$iately to a public fall\t %elt] m>k$ l ?is1 or to y\r home fall\t %elt]4 ,turn on a radio1 tune x to any local /ation t is broadca/+1 & li/5 = (ficial in=mation4 ,foll[ :atev] in/ructions are giv54 ,if y are at home & !re is no public or private %elt] available1 y may be able to improvise "s la/-m9ute protection = y\rself & y\r family by foll[+ ! sugge/ions 9 ,*apt] #e 7pages #cc-ch7 ( ?is h&book4 ,z a la/ resort1 take cov] any:]e y c4 #b4 ,if y %\ld he> ! ,att5tion or ,al]t ,signal1 turn on a radio or ,,tv set1 tune x to any local /ation1 & foll[ ! (ficial in/ructions be+ broadca/4 ,,don',t ,,use ,,! ,,telephone ,:i*ev] signal is s\nd+1 don't use ! telephone to obta9 fur!r in=mation & advice ab\t ! em]g5cy4 ,dep5d on ! radio or television1 s9ce ! gov]nm5t w be broadca/+ all ! in=mation x has available4 ,! telephone l9es w be ne$$ = (ficial calls4 ,help keep !m op54 ,,le>n ,,y\r ,,community',s ,,signals ,,n[ ,z m5tion$ be=e n all communities 9 ! ,u4,s4 h outdoor w>n+ sy/ems1 & n all communities ) w>n+ sy/ems h adopt$ ! two /&>d w>n+ signals4 ,y %\ld !re=e f9d out n[ f y\r local ,civil ,def5se ,(fice :at signals are be+ us$1 9 y\r community2 :at !y s\nd l2 :at !y mean2 & :at actions y %\ld take :5 y he> !m4 ,!n memorize ?is in=mation1 or write x d[n on a c>d to c>ry ) y at all times4 ,also1 po/ x 9 y\r home4 ,*eck at lea/ once ea* ye> to see if !re are any *anges4 ,,if ,,!re ,,is ,a ,,nucle> ,,fla% ,x is possible--b extremely unlikely--t y\r fir/ w>n+ ( an enemy attack might be ! fla% ( a nucle> explosion 9 ! sky "s di/ance away4 ,or !re might be a fla% aft] w>n+ _h be5 giv51 possibly :ile y 7 on y\r way to %elt]4 99 ,,take ,,cov] ,,in/antly4 ,if !re %\ld be a nucle> fla%--especially if y are outdoors & feel w>m? at ! same "t--take cov] in/antly 9 ! be/ place y c f9d4 ,by gett+ inside or "u some?+ )9 a few seconds1 y might avoid be+ s]i\sly burn$ by ! heat or injur$ by ! bla/ wave ( ! nucle> explosion4 ,if ! explosion 7 "s di/ance away1 y might h #e to #ae seconds be=e be+ s]i\sly injur$ by ! heat1 & p]haps #cj to #fj seconds be=e ! bla/ wave arriv$4 ,gett+ "u cov] )9 ^! "t limits might save y\r life or avoid s]i\s injury4 ,also1 to avoid injur+ y\r eyes1 nev] look at ! fla% ( an explosion or ! nucle> fireball4 99 ,,:]e ,,to ,,take ,,cov]4 ,y c\ld take cov] 9 any k9d ( a build+1 a /orm cell> or fruit cell>1 a subway /ation or tunnel--or ev5 9 a dit* or culv]t alongside ! road1 a highway und]pass1 a /orm sew]1 a cave or outcropp+ ( rock1 a pile ( heavy mat]ials1 a tr5* or o!r excavation4 ,ev5 gett+ "u a p>k$ automobile1 bus or tra91 or a heavy piece ( furniture1 w\ld protect y to "s ext5t4 ,if no cov] is available1 simply lie d[n on ! gr\nd & curl up4 ,! important ?+ is to avoid be+ burn$ by ! heat1 ?r[n ab\t by ! bla/1 or /ruck by fly+ objects4 99 ,,be/ ,,position ,,aft] ,,tak+ ,,cov]4 ,aft] tak+ cov] y %\ld lie on y\r side 9 a curl$-up position1 & cov] y\r head ) y\r arms & h&s4 ,?is w\ld give y "s additional protection4 99 ,,move ,,to ,a ,,fall\t ,,%elt] ,,lat]4 ,if y protect$ y\rself aga9/ ! bla/ & heat waves by in/antly tak+ cov]1 y c\ld get protection f ! radioactive fall\t 7:i* w\ld arrive lat]7 by mov+ to a fall\t %elt]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,*apt] #d ,,fall\t ,,%elt]s1 ,,public ,,& ,,private ,,summ>y ,,be=e ,,an ,,em]g5cy #a4 ,le>n ! locations ( ! public fall\t %elt]s t y\r local gov]nm5t wants y to g to 9 a "t ( attack4 ,if no in/ructions ( ?is k9d h be5 issu$1 le>n ! locations ( ! public %elt]s ne>e/ to y :5 y are at home1 "w1 or s*ool4 ,make sure ea* memb] ( ! family kn[s ^! locations4 #b4 ,if !re is no public fall\t %elt] ne> y\r home1 prep>e a p]man5t or preplann$ family %elt] at home4 ,,dur+ ,,an ,,em]g5cy #a4 ,:5 y are w>n$ ( an enemy attack1 g imm$iately to a public fall\t %elt] or to y\r own home %elt]1 unless y\r local gov]nm5t has giv5 y o!r in/ructions4 #b4 ,/ay 9 %elt] until y receive (ficial notice t x is safe to come out4 ,,fall\t ,,%elt]s1 ,,public ,,& ,,private ,aft] a nucle> attack1 fall\t p>ticles w\ld drift d[n on mo/ areas ( ?is c\ntry4 ,to protect !mselves f ! radiation giv5 (f by ^! p>ticles1 p 9 affect$ areas w\ld h to /ay 9 fall\t %elt]s = #b or #c days to z long z #b weeks4 ,_m p w\ld g to public fall\t %elt]s1 :ile o!rs--?r\gh *oice or necessity--w\ld take refuge 9 private or home fall\t %elt]s4 ,,id5tify+ ,,public ,,%elt]s ,mo/ communities n[ h public fall\t %elt]s t w\ld protect _m ( _! resid5ts aga9/ fall\t radiation4 ,:]e !re are /ill n en\gh public %elt]s to accommodate all citiz5s1 ef=ts are be+ made to provide m4 ,9 ! meantime1 local gov]nm5ts plan to make use ( ! be/ available %elt]4 ,mo/ ( ! exi/+ public %elt]s are locat$ 9 l>g] build+s & are m>k$ ) ?is /&>d yell[-&-black fall\t %elt] sign4 ,o!r public %elt]s are 9 small] build+s1 subways1 tunnels1 m9es & o!r facilities4 ,^! also are m>k$ ) %elt] signs1 or w\ld be m>k$ 9 a "t ( em]g5cy4 ,,le>n ,,! ,,locations ,,( ,,public ,,%elt]s ,an attack might come at any h\r ( ! day or night4 ,!re=e y %\ld f9d out n[ ! locations ( ^? public fall\t %elt]s designat$ by y\r local gov]nm5t = y\r use4 ,if no designations h yet be5 made1 le>n ! locations ( public %elt]s t are ne>e/ to y :5 y are at home1 "w1 s*ool1 or any o!r place :]e y sp5d consid]able "t4 ,?is advice applies to all memb]s ( ! family4 ,y\r *ildr5 especially %\ld be giv5 cle> in/ructions n[ on :]e to f9d a fall\t %elt] at all times ( ! day1 & told :at o!r actions !y %\ld take 9 case an attack %\ld occur4 ,a ,,home ,,%elt] ,,may ,,save ,,y\r ,,life ,public fall\t %elt]s usually (f] "s advantages ov] home %elt]s4 ,h[ev]1 9 _m places--especially suburban & rural areas--!re are few public %elt]s4 ,if !re is none ne> y1 a home fall\t %elt] may save y\r life4 ,! basem5ts ( "s homes are usable z family fall\t %elt]s z !y n[ /&1 )\t any alt]ations or *anges--especially if ! h\se has two or m /ories1 & its basem5t is bel[ gr\nd level4 ,h[ev]1 mo/ home basem5ts w\ld ne$ "s improvem5ts 9 ord] to %ield _! occupants adequately f ! radiation giv5 (f by fall\t p>ticles4 ,usually1 h\sehold]s c make ^! improvem5ts !mselves1 ) mod]ate ef=t & at l[ co/4 ,millions ( homes h be5 survey$ = ! ,u4,s4 ,(fice ( ,civil ,def5se by ! ,u4,s4 ,c5sus ,bureau1 & ^! h\sehold]s h receiv$ in=mation on h[ mu* fall\t protection _! basem5ts w\ld provide1 & h[ to improve ?is protection4 ,,%ield+ ,,mat]ial ,,is ,,requir$ ,9 sett+ up any home fall\t %elt]1 ! basic aim is to place en\gh %ield+ mat]ial betwe5 ! p 9 ! %elt] & ! fall\t p>ticles outside4 ,%ield+ mat]ial is any sub/ance t w\ld absorb & deflect ! invisible rays giv5 (f by fall\t p>ticles outside ! h\se1 & ?us r$uce ! am\nt ( radiation rea*+ ! occupants ( ! %elt]4 ,! ?ick] or d5s] ! %ield+ mat]ial is1 ! m x w\ld protect ! %elt] occupants4 ,"s radiation protection is provid$ by ! exi/+1 /&>d walls & ceil+ ( a basem5t4 ,b if !y are n ?ick or d5se en\gh1 o!r %ield+ mat]ial w h to be add$4 ,concrete1 bricks1 e>? & s& are "s ( ! mat]ials t are d5se or heavy en\gh to provide fall\t protection4 ,= comp>ative purposes1 #d in*es ( concrete w\ld provide ! same %ield+ d5sity z3 --#e to #f in*es ( bricks4 --#f in*es ( s& or gravel 4 4 ,may be pack$ into bags1 c>tons1 boxes1 --#g in*es or e>?4 4 4 4 4 4 4_/ or o!r conta9]s = easi] h&l+4 --#h in*es ( holl[ concrete blocks 7#f in*es if fill$ ) s&74 --#aj in*es ( wat]4 --#ad in*es ( books or magaz9es4 --#ah in*es ( wood4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,prep>e ,a ,,home ,,%elt] ,if !re is no public fall\t %elt] ne> y\r home1 or if y w\ld pref] to use a family-type %elt] 9 a "t ( attack1 y %\ld prep>e a home fall\t %elt]4 ,"h is h[ to d x3 99 ,a ,,p]man5t ,,basem5t ,,%elt]4 ,if y\r home basem5t--or "o corn] ( x--is bel[ gr\nd level1 y\r be/ & easie/ action w\ld be to prep>e a p]man5t-type family %elt] !re4 ,! requir$ %ield+ mat]ial w\ld co/ p]haps #ajj-bjj1 & if y h basic c>p5try or masonry skills y probably c\ld d ! "w y\rself 9 a %ort "t4 ,"h are ?ree me?ods ( provid+ a p]man5t family %elt] 9 ! be/ corn] ( y\r home basem5t--t is1 ! corn] :i* is mo/ bel[ gr\nd level4 ,if y decide to set up "o ( ^! %elt]s1 fir/ get ! free plan = x by writ+ to ,civil ,def5se1 ,army ,publications ,c5t]1 #bhjj ,ea/]n ,blvd4 7,middle ,riv]71 ,baltimore1 ,md4 #babbj4 ,9 ord]+ a plan1 use ! full "n %[n = x4 ,,ceil+ ,,modification ,,plan ,a ,if ne>ly all y\r basem5t is bel[ gr\nd level1 y c use ?is plan to build a fall\t %elt] area 9 "o corn] ( x1 )\t *ang+ ! appe>ance ( x or int]f]+ ) its normal peacetime use4 ,h[ev]1 if #ab in*es or m ( ! basem5t wall is above gr\nd level1 ?is plan %\ld n be us$ unless y add ! optional walls %[n 9 ! sket*4 ,ov]head protection is obta9$ by screw+ plywood %eets securely to ! joi/s1 & !n fill+ ! spaces betwe5 ! joi/s ) bricks or concrete blocks4 ,an extra beam & a screwjack column may be ne$$ to support ! extra weight4 ,build+ ?is %elt] requires "s basic woodwork+ skills & ab\t #aej-bjj = mat]ials4 ,x c be set up :ile ! h\se is be+ built1 or aft]w>d4 ,,alt]nate ,,ceil+ ,,modification ,,plan ,b ,?is is simil> to ,plan ,a1 except t new extra joi/s are fitt$ into "p ( ! basem5t ceil+ to support ! add$ weight ( ! %ield+ 7in/ead ( us+ a beam & a screwjack column74 ,! new wood5 joi/s are cut to l5g? & not*$ at ! ends1 !n in/all$ betwe5 ! exi/+ joi/s4 ,aft] plywood panels are screw$ securely to ! joi/s1 bricks or concrete blocks are !n pack$ tightly into ! spaces betwe5 ! joi/s4 ,! bricks or blocks1 z well z ! joi/s !mselves1 w r$uce ! am\nt ( fall\t radiation p5etrat+ d[nw>d into ! basem5t4 ,approximately "o-qu>t] ( ! total basem5t ceil+ %\ld be re9=c$ ) extra joi/s & %ield+ mat]ial4 ,important3 ,?is plan 7l ,plan ,a7 %\ld n be us$ if #ab in*es or m ( y\r basem5t wall is above gr\nd level1 unless y add ! optional walls inside y\r basem5t t are %[n 9 ! ,plan ,a sket*4 ,,p]man5t ,,concrete ,,block ,,or ,,brick ,,%elt] ,,plan ,c ,?is %elt] w provide excell5t protection1 & c be con/ruct$ easily at a co/ ( #aej 9 mo/ p>ts ( ! c\ntry4 ,made ( concrete blocks or bricks1 ! %elt] %\ld be locat$ 9 ! corn] ( y\r basem5t t is mo/ bel[ gr\nd level4 ,x c be built l[1 to s]ve z a sitd[n %elt]2 or by mak+ x high] y c h a %elt] 9 :i* p c /& erect4 ,! %elt] ceil+1 h[ev]1 %\ld n be high] ?an ! outside gr\nd level ( ! basem5t corn] :]e ! %elt] is locat$4 ,! high] y\r basem5t is above gr\nd level1 ! ?ick] y %\ld make ! walls & ro( ( ?is %elt]1 s9ce y\r regul> basem5t walls w provide only limit$ %ield+ aga9/ outside radiation4 ,natural v5tilation is provid$ by ! %elt] entrance1 & by ! air v5ts %[n 9 ! %elt] wall4 ,?is %elt] c be us$ z a /orage room or = o!r useful purposes 9 non-em]g5cy p]iods4 ,a ,,preplann$ ,,basem5t ,,%elt]4 ,if y\r home has a basem5t b y d n wi% to set up a p]man5t-type basem5t %elt]1 ! next be/ ?+ w\ld be to arrange to assemble a preplann$ home %elt]4 ,?is simply means ga!r+ toge!r1 9 advance1 ! %ield+ mat]ial y w\ld ne$ to make y\r basem5t 7or "o "p ( x7 resi/ant to fall\t radiation4 ,?is mat]ial c\ld be /or$ 9 or ar\nd y\r home1 ready = use :5ev] y decid$ to set up y\r basem5t %elt]4 ,"h are two k9ds ( preplann$ basem5t %elt]s4 ,if y want to set up "o ( ^!1 be sure to get ! free plan = x fir/ by writ+ to ,civil ,def5se1 ,army ,publications ,c5t]1 #bhjj ,ea/]n ,blvd4 7,middle ,riv]71 ,baltimore1 ,md4 #babbj4 ,m5tion ! full "n ( ! plan y want4 ,,preplann$ ,,snack ,,b> ,,%elt] ,,plan ,d ,?is is a snack b> built ( bricks or concrete blocks1 set 9 mort>1 9 ! be/ corn] ( y\r basem5t 7! corn] t is mo/ bel[ gr\nd level74 ,x c be conv]t$ quickly into a fall\t %elt] by l[]+ a /rong1 h+$ false ceil+ s t x re/s on ! snack b>4 ,:5 ! false ceil+ is l[]$ into place 9 a "t ( em]g5cy1 ! holl[ sections ( x c be fill$ ) bricks or concrete blocks4 ,^! c be /or$ conv5i5tly ne>by1 or c be us$ z room divid]s or recreation room furniture 7see b5* 9 sket*74 ,,preplann$ ,,tilt-,,up ,,/orage ,,unit ,,plan ,e ,a tilt-up /orage unit 9 ! be/ corn] ( y\r basem5t is ano!r me?od ( sett+ up a preplann$ family fall\t %elt]4 ,! top ( ! /orage unit %\ld be h+$ to ! wall4 ,9 peacetime1 ! unit c be us$ z a bookcase1 pantry1 or /orage facility4 ,9 a "t ( em]g5cy1 ! /orage unit c be tilt$ s t ! bottom ( x re/s on a wall ( bricks or concrete blocks t y h /or$ ne>by4 ,o!r bricks or blocks %\ld !n be plac$ 9 ! /orage unit's comp>tm5ts1 to provide an ov]head %ield aga9/ fall\t radiation4 ,! fall\t protection (f]$ by y\r home basem5t also c be increas$ by add+ %ield+ mat]ial to ! outside1 expos$ portion ( y\r basem5t walls1 & by cov]+ y\r basem5t w9d[s ) %ield+ mat]ial4 ,y c cov] ! above-gr\nd portion ( ! basem5t walls ) e>?1 s&1 bricks1 concrete blocks1 /ones f y\r patio1 or o!r mat]ial4 ,y also c use any ( ^! sub/ances to block basem5t w9d[s & ?us prev5t outside fall\t radiation f ent]+ y\r basem5t 9 t mann]4 99 ,a ,,p]man5t ,,outside ,,%elt]4 ,if y\r home has no basem5t1 or if y pref] to h a p]man5t-type home %elt] 9 y\r y>d1 y c obta9 in/ructions on h[ to con/ruct sev]al diff]5t k9ds ( outside fall\t %elt]s by writ+ to ! ,u4,s4 ,(fice ( ,civil ,def5se1 ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c4 #bjcaj4 ,!re is no *>ge = ^!4 ,,:5 ,,to ,,leave ,,%elt] ,y %\ld n come out ( %elt] until y are told by au?orities t x is safe to d s4 ,special in/rum5ts are ne$$ to detect fall\t radiation & to measure its int5sity4 ,unless y h ^! in/rum5ts1 y w h to dep5d on y\r local gov]nm5t to tell y :5 to leave %elt]4 ,?is in=mation probably w\ld be giv5 on ! radio1 :i* is "o reason :y y %\ld keep on h& a batt]y-p[]$ radio t works 9 y\r %elt] area4 ,if y came out ( %elt] too soon1 :ile ! fall\t p>ticles outside 7 /ill highly radioactive1 y might receive en\gh radiation to make y sick or ev5 kill y4 ,rememb] t fall\t p>ticles c be se51 b ! rays !y give (f _c be se54 ,if y see unusual quantities ( gritty p>ticles outside 7on w9d[ l$ges1 sidewalks1 c>s1 etc47 aft] an attack1 y %\ld assume t !y are fall\t p>ticles1 & !re=e /ay inside y\r %elt] until y are told x is safe to come out4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,*apt] #e ,,improvis+ ,,fall\t ,,protection ,,summ>y ,,be=e ,,an ,,em]g5cy #a4 ,if !re is no public fall\t %elt] ne> y\r home & y h decid$ n to prep>e a p]man5t or preplann$ %elt] 9 y\r basem5t or y>d1 make sure t y h on h& n[ ! mat]ials & tools ne$$ to improvise an em]g5cy %elt] at home4 ,^! w\ld include %ield+ mat]ial 7= an inside %elt]71 & lumb] & a %ovel 7= an outside %elt]74 ,,dur+ ,,an ,,em]g5cy #a4 ,if y h no bett] %elt] to g to1 improvise an em]g5cy %elt] at home4 #b4 ,usually1 ! be/ place = an improvis$ %elt] w\ld be 9 y\r basem5t or /orm cell>4 #c4 ,if y don't h a basem5t or /orm cell>1 y might be able to improvise a %elt] 9 ! crawl space "u y\r h\se1 outside 9 y\r y>d1 or 7z a la/ resort7 on ! gr\nd floor ( y\r h\se4 ,9 "s places1 a boat w\ld provide "s fall\t protection4 ,,improvis+ ,,fall\t ,,protection ,if an enemy attack %\ld occur :5 y are at home1 & y h made no advance %elt] prep>ations1 y /ill might be able to improvise a %elt] ei!r inside or outside y\r h\se4 ,9 a "t ( em]g5cy1 ! radio broadca/s may tell y :e!r y h "t to improvise a %elt] or %\ld take cov] imm$iately4 ,an improvis$ %elt] probably w\ld n give y z mu* protection z a p]man5t or a preplann$ family %elt]1 b any protection is bett] ?an none1 & might save y\r life4 ,! be/ place to improvise a %elt] w\ld be ! basem5t or /orm cell>1 if y\r home has "o4 ,,%ield+ ,,mat]ial ,,ne$$ ,to improvise a %elt] y w\ld ne$ %ield+ mat]ials su* z ^? m5tion$ on page #be--;concrete blocks1 bricks1 s&1 etc4 ,o!r ?+s c\ld also be us$ z %ield+ mat]ial1 or to support %ield+ mat]ial1 su* z3 --,h\se doors t h be5 tak5 (f _! h+es 7especially heavy outside doors74 --,dress]s & *e/s 7fill ! draw]s ) s& or e>? aft] !y are plac$ 9 position1 s !y won't be too heavy to c>ry & won't collapse :ile be+ c>ri$74 --,trunks1 boxes & c>tons 7fill !m ) s& or e>? aft] !y are plac$ 9 position74 --,tables & bookcases4 --,l>ge appliances 7su* z wa%]s & dry]s74 --,books1 magaz9es1 & /acks ( firewood or lumb]4 --,flag/ones f outside walks & patios4 ,,improvis+ ,a ,,basem5t ,,%elt] ,"h are two ways ( improvis+ fall\t protection 9 ! basem5t ( a home3 ,set up a l>ge1 /urdy table or workb5* 9 ! corn] ( y\r basem5t t is mo/ bel[ gr\nd level4 ,on ! table1 pile z mu* %ield+ mat]ial z x w hold )\t collaps+4 ,ar\nd ! table1 place z mu* %ield+ mat]ial z possible4 ,:5 family memb]s are inside ! %elt]--t is1 "u ! table--block ! op5+ ) o!r %ield+ mat]ial4 ,if y don't h a l>ge table or workb5* available--or if m %elt] space is ne$$--place furniture or l>ge appliances 9 ! corn] ( ! basem5t s !y w s]ve z ! walls ( y\r %elt]4 ,z a ceil+ = x1 use doors f ! h\se t h be5 tak5 (f _! h+es4 ,on top ( ! doors1 pile z mu* %ield+ mat]ial z !y w support4 ,/ack o!r %ield+ mat]ial ar\nd ! walls ( y\r %elt]4 ,:5 all p]sons are inside ! %elt] space1 block ! op5+ ) %ield+ mat]ial4 ,,us+ ,a ,,/orm ,,cell> ,,= ,,fall\t ,,protection ,a bel[-gr\nd /orm cell> c be us$ z an improvis$ fall\t %elt]1 b additional %ield+ mat]ial may be ne$$ to provide adequate protection f fall\t radiation4 ,if ! exi/+ ro( ( ! /orm cell> is made ( wood or o!r light mat]ial1 x %\ld be cov]$ ) "o foot ( e>? or an equival5t ?ickness ( o!r %ield+ mat]ial 7see page #be7 = ov]head %ield+ f fall\t4 ,m po/s or braces may be ne$$ to support ! extra weight4 ,aft] ! ro( has be5 %ield$1 bett] protection c be provid$ by block+ ! entrance way ) #h-;in* concrete blocks or an equival5t ?ickness ( s&bags1 bricks1 e>? or o!r %ield+ mat]ial1 aft] all occupants are inside ! %elt]4 ,a few in*es %\ld be left op5 at ! top = air4 ,aft] p>ticles h /opp$ fall+1 ! outside door may be left op5 to provide bett] v5tilation4 ,if %ield+ mat]ial is n available = ! entrance way1 %elt] occupants %\ld /ay z f> away f x z possible4 ,!y also %\ld raise ! outside door ( ! /orm cell> n[ & !n to knock (f any fall\t p>ticles t may h collect$ on x4 ,,us+ ,,! ,,crawl ,,space ,,"u ,,y\r ,,h\se ,"s homes )\t basem5ts h crawl space betwe5 ! fir/ floor & ! gr\nd und]nea? ! h\se4 ,if y h ?is space "u y\r h\se--& if ! h\se is set on f\ndation walls1 r ?an on pill>s--y c improvise fall\t protection = y\r family !re4 ,fir/1 get access to ! crawl space ?r\gh ! floor or ?r\gh ! outside f\ndation wall4 7,a trapdoor or o!r entry c\ld be made n[1 be=e an em]g5cy occurs47 ,z ! location = y\r %elt]1 select a crawl-space area t is "u ! c5t] ( ! h\se1 z f> away f ! outside f\ndation walls z possible4 ,ar\nd ! select$ %elt] area1 place %ield+ mat]ial-- pref]ably bricks or blocks1 or conta9]s fill$ ) s& or e>?--f ! gr\nd level up to ! fir/ floor ( ! h\se1 s t ! %ield+ mat]ial =ms ! walls ( y\r %elt] area4 ,on ! floor above1 place o!r %ield+ mat]ial to =m a ro( = ! %elt] area4 ,if "t p]mits1 dig out m e>? & make ! %elt] area deep]1 s y c /& erect or at lea/ sit up 9 x4 ,,improvis+ ,,an ,,outside ,,%elt] ,if y\r home has no basem5t1 no /orm cell> & no protect$ crawl space1 "h are two ways ( improvis+ fall\t protection 9 y\r y>d3 99 ,dig an ,l-%ap$ tr5*1 ab\t #d feet deep & #c feet wide4 ,"o side ( ! ,l1 :i* w be ! %elt] area1 %\ld be long en\gh to accommodate all family memb]s4 ,! o!r side ( ! ,l c be %ort]1 s9ce its purpose is to s]ve z an entrance-way & to r$uce ! am\nt ( radiation gett+ into ! %elt] area4 ,cov] ! entire tr5* ) lumb] 7or ) h\se doors t h be5 tak5 (f _! h+es71 except = ab\t #b feet on ! %ort side ( ! ,l1 to provide access & v5tilation4 ,on top ( ! lumb] or doors1 pile e>? #a to #b feet high1 or cov] !m ) o!r %ield+ mat]ial4 ,if necess>y1 support or %ore up ! walls ( ! tr5*1 z well z ! lumb] or doors1 s !y w n collapse4 99 ,dig a %all[ dit*1 #f in*es deep & #f in*es wide1 p>allel to & #d feet f ! outside wall ( y\r h\se4 ,remove ! heavie/ doors f ! h\se4 ,place ! bottoms ( ! doors 9 ! dit* 7s !y won't slip71 & lean ! doors aga9/ ! wall ( ! h\se4 ,on ! doors1 pile #ab to #ah in*es ( e>? or s&4 ,/ack or pile o!r %ield+ mat]ial at ! sides ( ! doors1 & also on ! o!r side ( ! h\se wall 7to protect y aga9/ radiation com+ f t direction74 ,if possible1 make ! %elt] area deep] by digg+ out m e>? inside x4 ,also dig "s o!r %all[ dit*es1 to all[ ra9 wat] to dra9 away4 ,,an ,,improvis$ ,,%elt] ,,on ,,! ,,gr\nd ,,floor ,if y\r home has no basem5t or /orm cell> 7& no crawl space t is surr\nd$ by f\ndation walls up to ! fir/ floor71 y c get "s limit$ fall\t protection by improvis+ a fall\t %elt] on ! fir/ or gr\nd floor ( y\r h\se4 ,h[ev]1 ?is type ( %elt] probably w\ld n give y ne>ly z mu* protection z ! o!r types ( improvis$ %elt]s describ$ 9 ?is *apt]4 ,use an inn] hall1 inn] room or l>ge clo!s closet on ! gr\nd floor1 away f outside walls & w9d[s4 ,) doors1 furniture & appliances1 plus /acks ( o!r %ield+ mat]ial1 y c create an enclosure l>ge en\gh to live 9 = a %ort "t4 ,if possible1 use boxes fill$ ) s& or e>? z %ield+ mat]ial1 & fill draw]s & trunks ) s& or e>?4 ,if !re is n room = ! %ield+ mat]ial 9 ! limit$ space ( a closet or small room1 y c place ! mat]ial on ! o!r sides ( ! walls1 or on ! floor ov]head4 ,,boats ,,z ,,improvis$ ,,%elt]s ,if no bett] fall\t protection is available1 a boat ) an enclos$ cab9 c\ld be us$4 ,h[ev]1 9 addition to em]g5cy supplies su* z food1 dr9k+ wat] & a batt]y-p[]$ radio1 y %\ld h abo>d ! items y w\ld ne$ 7a broom1 bucket1 or pump-&-hose7 to sweep (f or flu% (f any fall\t p>ticles t might collect on ! boat4 ,! boat %\ld be an*or$ or cruis$ sl[ly at lea/ #bjj feet (f%ore1 :]e ! wat] is at lea/ #e feet deep4 ,?is di/ance f %ore w\ld protect y f radioactive fall\t p>ticles t _h fall5 on ! ne>by l&4 ,a #e-;foot dep? w\ld absorb ! radiation f p>ticles fall+ into ! wat] & settl+ on ! bottom4 ,if p>ticles drift d[n on ! boat1 /ay inside ! cab9 mo/ ( ! "t4 ,g outside n[ & !n1 & sweep or flu% (f any p>ticles t h collect$ on ! boat4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,*apt] #f ,,supplies ,,= ,,fall\t ,,%elt]s ,,summ>y ,,be=e ,,an ,,em]g5cy #a4 ,if y int5d to g to a public fall\t %elt] 9 a "t ( attack1 f9d out n[ :e!r x has em]g5cy supplies 9 x4 --,if x has em]g5cy supplies1 always keep on h& at home 7or 9 y\r c>7 ^? few additional supplies y w\ld ne$ to take ) y4 --,if x does n h em]g5cy supplies1 always keep on h& at home all ! supplies y w\ld ne$ to take ) y4 #b4 ,if y int5d to use a family fall\t %elt] at home1 always keep on h&1 9 & ar\nd y\r home1 all ! supplies & equipm5t y w\ld ne$ = a %elt] /ay ( two weeks4 ,,dur+ ,,an ,,em]g5cy #a4 ,if y are go+ to a public fall\t %elt]1 take ) y ! supplies y w ne$4 #b4 ,if y are go+ to y\r home fall\t %elt]1 ga!r up ! supplies & equipm5t y want to take to ! %elt] area ) y4 ,,supplies ,,= ,,fall\t ,,%elt]s ,p ga!r$ 9 public & private fall\t %elt]s to escape fall\t radiation aft] a nucle> attack w\ld h to /ay !re--at lea/ "p ( ! "t--= a week or two4 ,dur+ ?is "t !y w\ld ne$ c]ta9 supplies & equipm5t 9 ord] to /ay alive & well1 & to cope ) em]g5cy situations t might occur 9 _! %elt]s4 ,?is *apt] tells y :at supplies & equipm5t to take ) y if y g to a public fall\t %elt]1 & :at items y %\ld keep on h& if y plan to use a family fall\t %elt] at home4 ,,:at ,,to ,,take ,,to ,a ,,public ,,fall\t ,,%elt] ,to augm5t ! supply ( food & liquids usually f\nd 9 l>ge build+s1 mo/ public fall\t %elt]s are /ock$--& o!rs are be+ /ock$--) em]g5cy supplies4 ,^! include wat] conta9]s1 em]g5cy food rations1 sanitation items1 basic m$ical supplies1 & in/rum5ts to measure ! radiation giv5 (f by fall\t p>ticles4 ,if ! public %elt] y w use 9 a "t ( attack conta9s ^! or o!r em]g5cy supplies1 y %\ld plan to take ) y only ^! additional items3 --,special m$ic9es or foods requir$ by memb]s ( y\r family1 su* z insul91 he>t tablets1 dietetic food or baby food4 --,a blanket = ea* family memb]4 --,a batt]y-p[]$ radio1 a fla%light1 & extra batt]ies4 ,if ! public %elt] y are go+ to does n conta9 em]g5cy supplies1 y %\ld take ) y all ! above items1 plus z mu* potable liquids 7wat]1 fruit & vegetable juices1 etc47 & ready-to-eat food z y c c>ry to ! %elt]4 ,,/ocks ,,= ,a ,,home ,,%elt] ,if y int5d to use a home fall\t %elt]1 y %\ld ga!r toge!r n[ all ! ?+s y & y\r family w\ld ne$ = #b weeks1 ev5 ?\gh y probably w\ldn't h to rema9 inside %elt] = t entire p]iod4 ,all ^! items ne$ n be /ock$ 9 y\r home %elt] area4 ,!y c be /or$ else:]e 9 or ar\nd y\r h\se1 z long z y c\ld f9d !m easily & move !m to y\r %elt] area quickly 9 a "t ( em]g5cy4 99 ,,! ,,absolute ,,necessities4 ,!re are a few ?+s y mu/ h4 ,!y are wat]1 food1 sanitation supplies1 & any special m$ic9es or foods ne$$ by family memb]s su* z insul91 he>t tablets1 dietetic food & baby food4 99 ,,! ,,complete ,,li/4 ,9 addition to ! absolute necessities1 !re are o!r important items4 ,"s ( !m may be ne$$ to save lives4 ,at ! lea/1 !y w be helpful to y4 ,"h is a li/ ( all major items--bo? ess5tial & desirable4 ,,wat]4 ,?is is ev5 m important ?an food4 ,en\gh wat] %\ld be available to give ea* p]son at lea/ "o qu>t p] day = #ad days4 ,/ore x 9 pla/ic conta9]s1 or 9 bottles or cans4 ,all %\ld h tight /opp]s4 ,"p ( y\r wat] supply might be trapp$ wat] 9 ! pipes ( y\r home plumb+ sy/em1 & "p ( x might be 9 ! =m ( bottl$ or cann$ bev]ages1 fruit or vegetable juices1 or milk4 ,a wat]-purify+ ag5t 7ei!r wat]-purify+ tablets1 or #b p]c5t t9cture ( iod9e1 or a liquid *lor9e h\sehold blea*7 %\ld also be /or$1 9 case y ne$ to purify any cl\dy or suspici\s wat] t may conta9 bact]ia4 ,,food4 ,en\gh food %\ld be kept on h& to fe$ all %elt] occupants = #ad days1 includ+ special foods ne$$ by infants1 eld]ly p]sons1 & ^? on limit$ diets4 ,mo/ p 9 %elt] c get along on ab\t half z mu* food z usual4 ,if possible /ore cann$ or seal$-package foods1 pref]ably ^? n requir+ refrig]ation or cook+4 ,^! %\ld be replac$ p]iodically4 ,"h is a table %[+ ! sugge/$ replacem5t p]iods1 9 mon?s1 = "s ( ! types ( food suitable to /ore = em]g5cy use4#c ,milk3 ,mon?s ,evaporat$ #f ,nonfat dry or :ole dry milk1 9 metal conta9] #f ,cann$ meat1 p\ltry1 fi%3 ,meat1 p\ltry #ah ,fi% #ab ,mixtures ( meats1 vegetables1 c]eal products #ah ,cond5s$ meat-&-vegetable s\ps #h ,fruits & vegetables3 ,b]ries & s\r *]ries1 cann$ #f ,citrus fruit juices1 cann$ #f ,o!r fruits & fruit juices1 cann$ #ah ,dri$ fruit1 9 metal conta9] #f ,tomatoes1 sau]kraut1 cann$ #f ,o!r vegetables1 cann$ 7includ+ dry beans & dry peas7 #ah ,c]eals & bak$ goods3 ,ready-to-eat c]eals3 ,9 metal conta9] #ab ,9 orig9al pap] package #a ,uncook$ c]eal 7quick-cook+ or in/ant73 ,9 metal conta9] #bd ,9 orig9al pap] package #ab ,hydrog5at$ 7or antioxidant-treat$7 fats1 vegetable oil #ab ,sug>s1 sweets1 nuts3 ,sug> w keep indef9itely ,h>d c&y1 gum #ah ,nuts1 cann$ #ab ,in/ant pudd+s #ab ,miscellane\s3 ,c(fee1 tea1 cocoa 7in/ant7 #ah ,dry cream product 7in/ant7 #ab ,b\illon products #ab ,flavor$ bev]age p[d]s #bd ,salt w keep indef9itely ,flavor+ extracts 7e4g41 pepp]7 #bd ,soda1 bak+ p[d] #ab ,,sanitation ,,supplies4 ,s9ce y may n be able to use y\r regul> ba?room dur+ a p]iod ( em]g5cy1 y %\ld keep on h& ^! sanitation supplies3 ,a metal conta9] ) a tight-fitt+ lid1 to use z an em]g5cy toilet2 "o or two l>ge g>bage cans ) cov]s 7= human wa/es & g>bage72 pla/ic bags to l9e ! toilet conta9]2 dis9fectant2 toilet pap]2 soap2 wa% clo?s & t[els2 a pail or bas92 & sanit>y napk9s4 ,,m$ic9es ,,& ,,fir/ ,,aid ,,supplies4 ,?is %\ld include any m$ic9es be+ regul>ly tak51 or likely to be ne$$1 by family memb]s4 ,fir/ aid supplies %\ld include all ^? f\nd 9 a good fir/ aid kit 7b&ages1 antiseptics1 etc471 plus all ! items normally kept 9 a well-/ock$ home m$ic9e *e/ 7aspir91 !rmomet]1 bak+ soda1 petroleum jelly1 etc474 ,a good fir/ aid h&book is also recomm5d$4 ,,infant ,,supplies4 ,families ) babies %\ld keep on h& a two-week /ock ( infant supplies su* z cann$ milk or baby =mula1 disposable diap]s1 bottles & nipples1 rubb] %eet+1 blankets & baby clo?+4 ,because wat] = wa%+ might be limit$1 baby clo?+ & b$d+ %\ld be /or$ 9 l>g]-?an-normal quantities4 ,,cook+ ,,& ,,eat+ ,,ut5sils4 ,em]g5cy supplies %\ld include pots1 pans1 knives1 =ks1 spoons1 plates1 cups1 napk9s1 pap] t[els1 measur+ cup1 bottle op5]1 c op5]1 & pocket knife4 ,if possible1 disposable items %\ld be /or$4 ,a heat s\rce also might be helpful1 su* z an electric hot plate 7= use if p[] is available71 or a camp /ove or cann$-heat /ove 79 case p[] is %ut (f74 ,h[ev]1 if a /ove is us$ indoors1 adequate v5tilation is ne$$4 ,,clo?+4 ,sev]al *anges ( clean clo?+--especially und]g>m5ts & socks or /ock+s--%\ld be ready = %elt] use1 9 case wat] = wa%+ %\ld be sc>ce4 ,,b$d+4 ,blankets are ! mo/ important items ( b$d+ t w\ld be ne$$ 9 a %elt]1 b occupants probably w\ld be m com=table if !y also _h available pill[s1 %eets1 & air mattresses or sleep+ bags4 ,,fire ,,fight+ ,,equipm5t4 ,simple fire fight+ tools1 & k ( h[ to use !m1 may be v useful4 ,a h&-pump$ fire ext+ui%] ( ! inexp5sive1 #e-;gallon1 wat] type is pref]r$4 ,c>bon tetra*loride & o!r vaporiz+-liquid type ext+ui%]s are n recomm5d$ = use 9 small enclos$ spaces1 because ( ! dang] ( fumes4 ,o!r useful fire equipm5t = home use includes buckets fill$ ) s&1 a ladd]1 & a g>d5 hose4 ,,g5]al ,,equipm5t ,,& ,,tools4 ,! ess5tial items 9 ?is category are a batt]y-p[]$ radio & a fla%light or lant]n1 ) sp>e batt]ies4 ,! radio might be y\r only l9k ) ! outside _w1 & y might h to dep5d on x = all y\r in=mation & in/ructions1 especially = advice on :5 to leave %elt]4 ,o!r useful items3 a %ovel1 broom1 axe1 cr[b>1 k]os5e lant]n1 %ort rubb] hose = siphon+1 coil ( half-in* rope at lea/ #be feet long1 coil ( wire1 hamm]1 pli]s1 screwdriv]1 wr5*1 nails & screws4 ,,miscellane\s ,,items4 ,9 addition to su* practical items z mat*es1 c&les1 & civil def5se in/ructions1 "s p]sonal conv5i5ce items c\ld be br\ght into ! home %elt] if space p]mits4 ,^! might include books & magaz9es1 writ+ mat]ials1 a clock & cal5d>1 play+ c>ds & hobby mat]ials1 a sew+ kit1 & toiletries su* z too?bru%es1 cosmetics1 & %av+ supplies4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,*apt] #g ,,wat]1 ,,food1 ,,& ,,sanitation ,,9 ,a ,,%elt] ,,summ>y ,,be=e ,,an ,,em]g5cy #a4 ,read ?is *apt] fully1 & le>n h[ y w\ld h to manage y\r wat]1 food & sanitation problems if y _h to sp5d a week or two 9 a fall\t %elt]1 especially a home %elt]4 ,,dur+ ,,an ,,em]g5cy #a4 ,if y are 9 a public fall\t %elt]1 d exactly :at ! %elt] manag] tells y to d4 ,he w take c>e ( y to ! be/ ( 8 ability4 #b4 ,if y are 9 a home %elt]1 foll[ ! advice giv5 9 ?is *apt] conc]n+ wat]1 food & sanitation4 ,take c>e ( y\r wat] & food supplies1 keep !m clean1 & make !m la/ = ! p]iod y may h to /ay 9 %elt]4 ,if necess>y1 set up an em]g5cy toilet1 keep x clean1 & make sure x is us$ prop]ly4 ,,wat]1 ,,food1 ,,& ,,sanitation ,,9 ,a ,,%elt] ,at all times & "u all conditions1 human be+s mu/ h suffici5t wat]1 adequate food & prop] sanitation 9 ord] to /ay alive & heal?y4 ,:5 p are liv+ 9 a fall\t %elt]--ev5 = a week or two--wat] & food may be sc>ce1 & x may be difficult to ma9ta9 normal sanit>y conditions4 ,wat] & food supplies may h to be manag$--t is1 tak5 c>e (1 kept clean1 & ration$ to ea* p]son 9 ! %elt]4 ,sanitation also may h to be manag$ & controll$1 p]haps by sett+ up em]g5cy toilets & rules to insure t !y are us$ prop]ly4 ,if y g to a public fall\t %elt] 9 a "t ( attack1 y probably w\ld n ne$ to "k a great deal ab\t manag+ wat]1 food1 & sanitation4 ,a %elt] manag] & 8 assi/ants w\ld h&le ^! problems ) ! coop]ation ( all 9 ! %elt]4 ,he w\ld make ! be/ use ( :atev] wat] & food supplies 7 available1 provide em]g5cy toilets if necess>y1 set up rules = liv+ 9 ! %elt]1 arrange = ! %elt] occupants to c>ry on v>i\s activities necess>y = heal? & well-be+1 & decide :5 x 0 safe = ! gr\p to leave %elt] & = h[ long at a "t4 ,9 a home fall\t %elt]1 h[ev]1 y & y\r family w\ld be l>gely on y\r own4 ,y w\ld h to take c>e ( y\rselves1 solve y\r own problems1 make y\r own liv+ arrangem5ts1 subsi/ on ! supplies y _h previ\sly /ock$1 & f9d out = y\rself 7probably by li/5+ to ! radio7 :5 x 0 safe to leave %elt]4 ,9 ?is situation1 "o ( y\r mo/ important tasks w\ld be to manage y\r wat] & food supplies1 & ma9ta9 sanitation4 ,! foll[+ guidance is int5d$ to help y d ?is4 ,,c>e ,,& ,,use ,,( ,,wat] ,,supplies ,! av]age p]son 9 a %elt] w\ld ne$ at lea/ #a qu>t ( wat] or o!r liquids p] day to dr9k1 b m w\ld be useful 7to all[ "s = wa%+1 etc474 ,!re=e a ration+ plan might be requir$ 9 y\r home %elt]1 s z to make y\r available liquids la/ = #ad days4 7,_m communities may cont9ue to h potable wat] available1 & families c\ld relax _! ration+ plans47 ,9 addition to wat] /or$ 9 conta9]s1 !re is usually o!r wat] available 9 mo/ homes t is dr9kable1 su* z3 --,wat] & o!r liquids normally f\nd 9 ! kit*51 includ+ ice cubes1 milk1 s(t dr9ks1 & fruit & vegetable juices4 --,wat] 7#bj to #fj gallons7 9 ! hot wat] tank4 --,wat] 9 ! flu% tanks 7n ! b[ls7 ( home toilets4 --,wat] 9 ! pipes ( y\r home plumb+ sy/em4 ,9 a "t ( nucle> attack1 local au?orities may in/ruct h\sehold]s to turn (f ! ma9 wat] valves 9 _! homes to avoid hav+ wat] dra9 away 9 case ( a break & loss ( pressure 9 ! wat] ma9s4 ,) ! ma9 valve 9 y\r h\se clos$1 all ! pipes 9 ! h\se w\ld /ill be full ( wat]4 ,to use ?is wat]1 turn on ! faucet t is locat$ at ! highe/ po9t 9 y\r h\se1 to let air into ! sy/em2 & !n draw wat]1 z ne$$1 f ! faucet t is locat$ at ! l[e/ po9t 9 y\r h\se4 ,9 a home %elt]1 occupants %\ld dr9k fir/ ! wat] !y "k is uncontam9at$1 su* z t m5tion$ above4 ,( c\rse1 if local au?orities tell y ! regul> wat] is dr9kable1 x %\ld be us$4 ,if necess>y1 suspici\s wat]--su* z cl\dy wat] f regul> faucets or p]haps "s muddy wat] f a ne>by /ream or pond--c be us$ aft] x has be5 purifi$4 ,?is is h[ to purify x3 #a4 ,/ra9 ! wat] ?r\gh a pap] t[el or sev]al ?icknesses ( clean clo?1 to remove dirt & fall\t p>ticles1 if any4 ,or else let ! wat] settle 9 a conta9] = #bd h\rs1 by :i* "t any solid p>ticles w\ld h sunk to ! bottom4 ,a h&ful ( clay soil 9 ea* gallon ( wat] w\ld help ?is settl+ process4 #b4 ,aft] ! solid p>ticles h be5 remov$1 boil ! wat] if possible = #c to #e m9utes1 or add a wat]-purify+ ag5t to x4 ,?is c\ld be ei!r3 7a7 wat]-purify+ tablets1 available at drug /ores1 or 7b7 two p]c5t t9cture ( iod9e1 or 7c7 liquid *lor9e h\sehold blea*1 provid$ ! label says t x conta9s hypo*lorite z its only active +r$i5t4 ,= ea* gallon ( wat]1 use #d wat]-purify+ tablets1 or #ab drops ( t9cture ( iod9e1 or #h drops ( liquid *lor9e blea*4 ,if ! wat] is cl\dy1 ^! am\nts %\ld be d\bl$4 ,!re w\ld n be mu* dang] ( dr9k+ radioactive p>ticles 9 wat]1 z !y w\ld s9k quickly to ! bottom ( ! conta9] or /ream4 ,v few w\ld dissolve 9 ! wat]4 ,al?\gh op5 res]voirs might conta9 "s radioactive iod9e 9 ! fir/ few days aft] an attack1 ?is dang] is consid]$ m9or except to v "y *ildr54 ,,c>e ,,& ,,use ,,( ,,food ,,supplies ,food also %\ld be ration$ c>efully 9 a home %elt]1 to make x la/ = at lea/ a #b-week p]iod ( %elt] occupancy4 ,usually1 half ! normal intake w\ld be adequate1 except = gr[+ *ildr5 or pregnant wom54 ,9 a %elt]1 x is especially important to be sanit>y 9 ! /or+1 h&l+ & eat+ ( food1 s z to avoid dige/ive upsets or o!r m s]i\s illness1 & to avoid attract+ v]m94 ,be sure to3 --,keep all food 9 cov]$ conta9]s4 --,keep cook+ & eat+ ut5sils clean4 --,keep all g>bage 9 a clos$ conta9]1 or dispose ( x outside ! home :5 x is safe to g outside4 ,if possible1 bury x4 ,avoid lett+ g>bage or tra% accumulate inside ! %elt]1 bo? = fire & sanitation reasons4 ,,em]g5cy ,,toilet ,,facilities ,9 _m home %elt]s1 p w\ld h to use em]g5cy toilets until x 0 safe to leave %elt] = brief p]iods ( "t4 ,an em]g5cy toilet1 consi/+ ( a wat]tight conta9] ) a snug-fitt+ cov]1 w\ld be necess>y4 ,x c\ld be a g>bage conta9]1 or a pail or bucket4 ,if ! conta9] is small1 a l>g] conta9]1 also ) a cov]1 %\ld be available to empty ! cont5ts into = lat] disposal4 ,if possible1 bo? conta9]s %\ld be l9$ ) pla/ic bags4 ,?is em]g5cy toilet c\ld be fitt$ ) "s k9d ( seat1 especially = *ildr5 or eld]ly p]sons4 ,or x may be possible to remove ! seat f a wood5 *air1 cut a hole 9 x1 & place ! conta9] und]nea?4 ,= privacy1 ! toilet c\ld be scre5$ f view4 ,e "t someone uses ! toilet1 he %\ld p\r or spr9kle into x a small am\nt ( regul> h\sehold dis9fectant1 su* z creosol or *lor9e blea*1 to keep d[n odors & g]ms4 ,aft] ea* use1 ! lid %\ld be put back on4 ,:5 ! toilet conta9] ne$s to be empti$1 & outside radiation levels p]mit1 ! cont5ts %\ld be buri$ outside 9 a hole #a or #b feet deep4 ,?is w\ld prev5t ! spread ( disease by rats & insects4 ,if ! regul> toilets inside ! home--or ! sew] l9es--are n usable = any reason1 an outside toilet %\ld be built :5 x is safe to d s4 ,if anyone has be5 outside & fall\t p>ticles h collect$ on 8 %oes or clo?+1 !y %\ld be bru%$ (f be=e he ent]s ! %elt] area aga94 99 99 99 99 99 ,,*apt] #h ,,fire ,,haz>ds ,,summ>y ,,be=e ,,an ,,em]g5cy #a4 ,foll[ ! normal fire prev5tion rules giv5 9 ?is *apt]4 #b4 ,keep on h& at home ! basic fire fight+ tools m5tion$ 9 ?is *apt]4 ,,dur+ ,,an ,,em]g5cy #a4 ,close doors1 w9d[s1 v5etian bl9ds1 %ades1 & drapes 9 y\r h\se4 #b4 ,unless o!rwise advis$1 fill buckets & o!r conta9]s ) wat]1 = em]g5cy fire fight+ z well z o!r purposes4 #c4 ,if a fire %\ld occur1 fight x promptly1 foll[+ ! recomm5d$ proc$ures4 ,,fire ,,haz>ds ,fire1 always a dang]1 c\ld be ev5 m ( a disa/] dur+ a nucle> attack em]g5cy :5 ! fire dep>tm5t might n be available to help y4 ,also1 ! risk ( fire w\ld be great] at t "t4 ,normal fire-prev5tion rules are ( special importance 9 an em]g5cy4 ,!y include famili> commons5se precautions su* z n all[+ tra% to accumulate1 especially ne> heat s\rces2 ex]cis+ extreme caution 9 ! use ( flammable fluids su* z gasol9e1 naph?a1 etc42 /orage ( su* fluids outdoors :5 possible2 c>e 9 ! use ( electricity2 repair+ ( faulty wir+ & avoid+ ov]load$ circuits2 & repair ( faulty heat+ sy/ems4 ,^! special fire precautions %\ld be tak5 9 a "t ( nucle> em]g5cy1 especially if y plan to use a home %elt]3 7#a7 ,keep "s ( ! int5se heat rays f nucle> explosions f ent]+ y\r h\se by clos+ y\r doors1 w9d[s1 v5etian bl9ds1 w9d[ %ades & drapes4 ,if ! climate w n p]mit ?is = an ext5d$ p]iod ( "t1 close z _m z possible1 !n close ! re/ :5 ! ,attack ,w>n+ ,signal is giv54 7#b7 ,unless local au?orities advise o!rwise1 fill buckets1 ba?tubs & o!r conta9]s ) wat]1 = use 9 em]g5cy fire fight+4 ,if a fire does occur1 y\r home might be sav$ if y "k h[ to fight fires1 & h on h& "s basic firefight+ tools4 ,^! %\ld include a g>d5 hose1 a ladd]1 buckets fill$ ) s&1 conta9]s fill$ ) wat]1 & a fire ext+ui%]4 ,keep 9 m9d t vaporiz+-liquid types ( fire ext+ui%]s c produce dang]\s fumes :5 us$ 9 small enclos$ spaces4 ,rememb] ! #c basic ways to put out a fire3 99 ,take away its fuel4 99 ,take away its air 7smo!r x74 99 ,cool x ) wat] or fire-ext+ui%] *emicals4 ,ord9>y fires %\ld be f\ght by3 --,gett+ ! burn+ mat]ial out ( ! h\se 7c>ry x out1 or ?r[ x out ( a door or w9d[ if y c72 or --,putt+ out ! fire ) wat]1 s&1 e>? or fire-ext+ui%] *emicals2 or --,smo!r+ ! fire ) a rug or blanket1 pref]ably wet4 ,special types ( fires require special me?ods3 --,if x is an electrical fire1 be sure to %ut (f ! electricity fir/4 ,!n put out ! flames ) wat] or any?+ else available4 ,if y c't %ut (f ! electricity1 don't use wat] on an electrical fire4 --,if x is an oil or grease fire1 %ut (f ! supply ( :atev] is burn+4 ,!n smo!r ! flames ) s&1 e>?1 rugs1 or o!r heavy mat]ials4 ,don't use wat]4 --,if x is a gas fire1 %ut (f ! gas supply4 ,!n use wat]1 s&1 or e>? to put out :atev] is burn+4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,*apt] #i ,,em]g5cy ,,c>e ,,( ,,! ,,sick ,,& ,,injur$ ,,summ>y ,,be=e ,,an ,,em]g5cy #a4 ,take ! ,m$ical ,self-,help c\rse1 or a ,fir/ ,aid c\rse4 #b4 ,if ?is is n possible1 obta9 a good fir/ aid manual1 /udy x1 & keep x at home2 or /udy ! em]g5cy m$ical in/ructions giv5 9 ?is *apt]1 & keep ?is h&book at home4 #c4 ,obta9 a good fir/ aid kit1 & keep y\r home m$ic9e *e/ well /ock$ ) supplies y may ne$ 9 a "t ( em]g5cy4 ,,dur+ ,,an ,,em]g5cy #a4 ,try to get a doctor or nurse 7or at lea/ a p]son tra9$ 9 fir/ aid7 to treat anyone :o is injur$ or sick4 #b4 ,if no "o bett] qualifi$ is available1 take *>ge y\rself4 ,,em]g5cy ,,c>e ,,( ,,! ,,sick ,,& ,,injur$ ,a nucle> attack on ! ,unit$ ,/ates w\ld cause great numb]s ( casualties1 & !re w\ld be few] doctors1 nurses & hospitals available to c>e = !m4 ,ev5 9 areas :]e no nucle> weapons explod$1 radioactive fall\t c\ld prev5t doctors & nurses f rea*+ injur$ or sick p]sons = a consid]able p]iod ( "t4 ,p w\ld h to help ea* o!r dur+ ! em]g5cy4 ,^? 9 a /ock$ public fall\t %elt] w\ld h available ! basic m$ical kit /or$ !re1 & p]haps "o or m %elt] occupants might be a doctor1 nurse1 or tra9$ fir/-aid]4 ,b p]sons 9 a home %elt] w\ld h only ! m$ical supplies available at home1 & w\ld h to dep5d on _! own k ( fir/ aid & em]g5cy m$ical c>e4 ,bo? adults & te5ag]s c acquire ^! valuable skills n[ by tak+ free c\rses t are (f]$ 9 _m communities1 su* z ! ,m$ical ,self-,help c\rse or a ,fir/ ,aid c\rse4 ,! foll[+ in=mation is no sub/itute = "o ( ^! c\rses4 ,?is basic guidance may save lives dur+ a nucle> em]g5cy1 h[ev]1 by help+ untra9$ p]sons take c>e ( ! sick & injur$ :5 pr(essional m$ical assi/ance may n be imm$iately available4 ,,g5]al ,,rules ,,= ,,any ,,m$ical ,,em]g5cy #a4 ,fir/ ( all1 d no h>m4 ,(t51 well-mean+ b untra9$ p]sons wors5 ! injury or illness 9 _! attempts to help4 ,get compet5t m$ical assi/ance1 if possible4 ,d n assume responsibility = a pati5t if y c get ! help ( a doctor1 nurse1 or exp]i5c$ fir/-aid work]4 ,b if no "o bett] qualifi$ is available1 take *>ge y\rself4 #b4 ,look = /oppage ( brea?+1 & = s]i\s ble$+4 ,^! are ! two mo/ life-?reat5+ conditions y c d some?+ ab\t4 ,!y dem& imm$iate treatm5t 7see pages #eh & #fa74 #h4 ,prev5t %ock1 or treat x4 ,%ock1 a s]i\s condition ( acute circulatory failure1 usually accompanies a sev]e or pa9ful injury1 a s]i\s loss ( blood1 or a sev]e emotional upset4 ,if y expect %ock1 & take prompt action1 y c prev5t x or less5 its sev]ity4 ,?is may save ! pati5t's life4 7,treatm5t ( %ock is discuss$ on page #fb74 #d4 ,don't move ! pati5t imm$iately4 ,unless !re is real dang] ( ! pati5t receiv+ fur!r injury :]e he is1 he %\ld n be mov$ until brea?+ is re/or$1 ble$+ is /opp$1 & suspect$ brok5 bones are spl9t$4 #e4 ,keep calm1 & reassure ! pati5t4 ,keep him ly+ d[n & com=tably w>m1 b d n apply heat to 8 body1 or make him sweat4 #f4 ,nev] attempt to give liquids to an unconsci\s p]son4 ,if he is n able to swall[1 he may *oke to dea? or dr[n4 ,also1 don't give him any liquids to dr9k if he has an abdom9al injury4 ,,if ,,! ,,pati5t ,,has ,,/opp$ ,,brea?+ ,quick action is requir$4 ,y mu/ get air into 8 lungs aga9 imm$iately or he may die4 ,! be/ & simple/ way ( do+ ?is is to use m\?-to-m\? artificial respiration4 ,"h is h[ to d x3 #a4 ,place ! pati5t on 8 back4 ,loos5 8 coll>4 #b4 ,op5 8 m\? & use y\r f+]s to remove any food or =eign matt]4 ,if he has false tee? or removable d5tal bridges1 take !m out4 #c4 ,tilt ! pati5t's head back s t 8 *9 po9ts upw>d4 ,lift 8 l[] jaw f b5ea? & beh9d s t x juts out4 ,?is w move 8 tongue away f ! back ( 8 ?roat1 s x does n block ! air passage to 8 lungs4 ,plac+ a pill[ or some?+ else "u 8 %\ld]s w help get 8 head into ! "r position4 ,"s pati5ts w />t brea?+ z soon z y take ^! /eps1 & no fur!r help is necess>y4 #d4 ,op5 y\r m\? z wide z possible1 & place x tightly ov] ! pati5t's m\?1 s 8 m\? is completely cov]$ by y\rs4 ,) "o h&1 p9* 8 no/rils %ut4 ,) y\r o!r h&1 hold 8 l[] jaw 9 a ?ru/-=w>d position & keep 8 head tilt$ back4 ,) a baby or small *ild1 place y\r m\? ov] bo? 8 nose & m\?1 mak+ a tight seal4 #e4 ,bl[ a good lungful ( air into an adult pati5t's m\?1 cont9u+ to keep 8 head tilt$ back & 8 jaw jutt+ out s t ! air passage is kept op54 7,air c be bl[n ?r\gh an unconsci\s p]son's tee?1 ev5 ?\gh !y may be cl5*$ tightly toge!r47 ,wat* 8 *e/ z y bl[4 ,:5 y see 8 *e/ rise1 y w "k t y are gett+ air into 8 lungs4 #f4 ,remove y\r m\? f ! pati5t's m\?1 & li/5 = him to brea! out ! air y brea!d into him4 ,y also may feel 8 brea? on y\r *eek & see 8 *e/ s9k z he exhales4 #g4 ,cont9ue y\r brea?+ = ! pati5t4 ,if he is an adult1 bl[ a good brea? into 8 m\? e #e seconds1 or #ab times a m9ute1 & li/5 = him to brea! x back out aga94 ,caution3 ,if ! pati5t is an infant or small *ild1 bl[ small puffs ( air into him ab\t #bj times a m9ute4 ,y may rupture 8 lung if y bl[ 9 too mu* air at "o "t4 ,wat* 8 *e/ rise to make sure y are giv+ him ! "r am\nt ( air ) ea* puff4 #h4 ,if y are n gett+ air into ! pati5t's lungs1 or if he is n brea?+ out ! air y blew into him1 fir/ make sure t 8 head is tilt$ back & 8 jaw is jutt+ out 9 ! prop] position4 ,!n use y\r f+]s to make sure no?+ 9 8 m\? or ?roat is ob/ruct+ ! air passage to 8 lungs4 ,if ?is does n help1 turn him on 8 side & /rike him %>ply ) ! palm ( y\r h& sev]al times betwe5 8 %\ld] blades4 ,?is %\ld dislodge any ob/ruction 9 ! air passage4 ,!n place him aga9 on 8 back1 ) 8 head tilt$ back & 8 jaw jutt+ out1 & resume bl[+ air into 8 m\?4 ,if ?is doesn't "w1 try clos+ 8 m\? & bl[+ air ?r\gh 8 nose into 8 lungs4 #i4 ,if y wi% to avoid plac+ y\r m\? directly on ! pati5t's face1 y may hold a clo? 7h&k]*ief1 gauze or o!r por\s mat]ial7 ov] 8 m\? & brea! ?r\gh ! clo?4 ,b don't wa/e preci\s "t look+ = a clo? if y don't h "o4 #aj4 ,important3 ,ev5 if ! pati5t does n respond1 cont9ue y\r ef=ts = #a h\r or long]1 or until y are completely sure he is dead4 ,if possible1 h ?is confirm$ by at lea/ "o o!r p]son4 ,,to ,,/op ,,s]i\s ,,ble$+ #a4 ,apply firm1 ev5 pressure to ! w\nd ) a dress+1 clean clo?1 or sanit>y napk94 ,if y don't h any ( ^!1 use y\r b>e h& until y c get some?+ bett]4 ,rememb]1 y mu/ keep blood f runn+ out ( ! pati5t's body4 ,loss ( #a or #b qu>ts w s]i\sly endang] 8 life4 #b4 ,hold ! dress+ 9 place ) y\r h& until y c b&age ! dress+ 9 place4 ,9 case ( an arm or leg w\nd1 make sure ! b&age is n s tight z to cut (f circulation2 & raise ! arm or leg above ! level ( ! pati5t's he>t4 7,b if ! arm or leg appe>s brok51 be sure to spl9t x fir/47 #c4 ,treat ! pati5t = %ock 7see page #fb74 #d4 ,if blood soaks ?r\gh ! dress+1 d n remove ! dress+4 ,apply m dress+s4 #e4 ,,special ,,advice ,,on ,,t\rniquets3 ,nev] use a t\rniquet unless y _c /op excessive1 life-?reat5+ ble$+ by any o!r me?od4 ,us+ a t\rniquet increases ! *ances t ! arm or leg w h to be amputat$ lat]4 ,if y are =c$ to use a t\rniquet to keep ! pati5t f ble$+ to dea? 7= example1 :5 a h& or foot has be5 accid5tally cut (f71 foll[ ^! in/ructions c>efully3 --,place ! t\rniquet z close to ! w\nd z possible1 betwe5 ! w\nd & ! pati5t's he>t4 --,aft] ! t\rniquet has be5 appli$1 d n p]mit x to be loos5$ 7ev5 tempor>ily1 or ev5 ?\gh ! ble$+ has /opp$7 by anyone except a physician1 :o c control ! ble$+ by o!r me?ods & replace ! blood t ! pati5t has lo/4 --,get a physician to treat ! pati5t z soon z possible4 ,,prev5t+ ,,& ,,treat+ ,,%ock ,be+ 9 %ock means t a p]son's circulatory sy/em is n work+ prop]ly1 & n en\gh blood is gett+ to ! vital c5t]s ( 8 bra9 & sp9al cord4 ,^! are ! symptoms ( %ock3 ,! pati5t's pulse is weak or rapid1 or he may h no pulse t y c f9d4 ,8 sk9 may be pale or blue1 cold1 or moi/4 ,8 brea?+ may be %all[ or irregul>4 ,he may h *ills4 ,he may be ?ir/y4 ,he may get sick at 8 /oma* & vomit4 ,a p]son c be 9 %ock :e!r he is consci\s or unconsci\s4 ,important3 ,all s]i\sly-injur$ p]sons %\ld be treat$ = %ock1 ev5 ?\gh !y appe> normal & al]t4 ,%ock may cause dea? if n treat$ promptly1 ev5 ?\gh ! injuries :i* br\ght on %ock might n be s]i\s en\gh to cause dea?4 ,9 fact1 p]sons may g into %ock )\t hav+ any physical injuries4 ,"h is h[ to treat any p]son :o may be 9 %ock3 #a4 ,keep him ly+ d[n & keep him f *ill+1 b d n apply a hot wat] bottle or o!r heat to 8 body4 ,also1 loos5 8 clo?+4 #b4 ,keep 8 head a little l[] ?an 8 legs & hips4 ,b if he has a head or *e/ injury1 or has difficulty 9 brea?+1 keep 8 head & %\ld]s slightly high] ?an ! re/ ( 8 body4 #c4 ,enc\rage him to dr9k fluids if he is consci\s & n nauseat$1 & if he does n h abdom9al injuries4 ,e #ae m9utes give him a half-glass ( ?is solution until he no long] wants x3 ,"o teaspoonful ( salt & a half-teaspoonful ( bak+ soda to "o qu>t ( wat]4 #d4 ,d n give him alcohol4 ,,brok5 ,,bones ,any break 9 a bone is call$ a fracture4 ,if y ?9k a p]son may h a fracture1 treat x z ?\gh x 7 "o4 ,o!rwise1 y may cause fur!r injury4 ,= example1 if an arm or leg is injur$ & ble$+1 spl9t x z well z b&age x4 ,) any fracture1 fir/ look = ble$+ & control x4 ,keep ! pati5t com=tably w>m & quiet1 pref]ably ly+ d[n4 ,if y h an ice bag1 apply x to ! fracture to ease ! pa94 ,d n move ! pati5t 7unless 8 life is 9 dang] :]e he is7 )\t fir/ apply+ a spl9t or o!rwise immobiliz+ ! bone t may be fractur$4 ,treat ! pati5t = %ock4 ,a ,,fractur$ ,,arm ,,or ,,leg %\ld be /raight5$ out z mu* z possible1 pref]ably by hav+ #b p]sons g5tly /ret* x into a normal position4 ,!n x %\ld be spl9t$--t is1 fa/5$ to a bo>d or some?+ else to prev5t motion & keep ! ends ( ! brok5 bone toge!r4 ,z a spl9t1 use a bo>d1 a trimm$ bran* f a tree1 a broom/ick1 an umbrella1 a roll ( newspap]s1 or any?+ else rigid en\gh to keep ! arm or leg /raight4 ,fa/5 ! arm or leg to ! spl9t ) b&ages1 /rips ( clo?1 h&k]*iefs1 neckties1 or belts4 ,aft] spl9t+1 keep ! injur$ arm or leg a little high] ?an ! re/ ( ! pati5t's body4 ,f "t to "t1 make sure t ! spl9t is n too tight1 s9ce ! arm or leg may swell1 & ! blood circulation might be %ut (f4 ,if ! brok5 bone is /ick+ out ?r\gh ! sk9 b ! expos$ "p ( x is clean1 all[ x to slip back naturally "u ! sk9 7b don't pu% x 97 :5 ! limb is be+ /raight5$4 ,h[ev]1 if ! expos$ "p ( ! bone is dirty1 cov] x ) a clean clo? & b&age ! w\nd to /op ! ble$+4 ,!n spl9t ! arm or leg )\t try+ to /raight5 x out1 & try to f9d a doctor or nurse to treat ! pati5t4 ,a ,,fractur$ ,,coll>-,,bone %\ld also be prev5t$ f mov+1 until ! pati5t c get pr(essional m$ical att5tion4 ,x c be immobiliz$ by plac+ ! arm on t side 9 a sl+ & !n b9d+ ! arm close to ! body4 ,a ,,fractur$ ,,rib %\ld be suspect$ if ! pati5t has receiv$ a *e/ injury or if he has pa9 :5 he moves 8 *e/1 brea!s1 or c\ghs4 ,/rap ! injur$ side ( 8 *e/ ) #b-;in* adhesive tape if available1 or ) a clo? b&age or t[el wrapp$ ar\nd & ar\nd 8 entire *e/4 ,fractur$ bones 9 ! ,,neck ,,or ,,back are v s]i\s1 because !y may injure ! pati5t's sp9al cord & p>alyze him or ev5 kill him4 ,he %\ld n be mov$ until a doctor comes 7or a p]son tra9$ 9 fir/ aid71 unless x is absolutely necess>y to move him to prev5t fur!r injury4 ,if a p]son ) a back injury has to be mov$1 he %\ld be plac$ g5tly on 8 back on a /iff bo>d1 door or /ret*]4 ,8 head1 back1 & legs %\ld be kept 9 a /raight l9e at all times4 ,a p]son ) a neck injury %\ld be mov$ g5tly ) 8 head1 neck1 & %\ld]s kept 9 ! same position !y 7 :5 he 0 f\nd4 ,8 neck %\ld n be all[$ to b5d :5 he is be+ mov$4 ,,burns ,non-s]i\s or sup]ficial 7fir/ degree7 burns %\ld n be cov]$--9 fact1 no?+ ne$ be done = !m4 ,h[ev]1 if a fir/ degree burn cov]s a l>ge area ( ! body1 ! pati5t %\ld be giv5 fluids to dr9k z m5tion$ 9 item #b foll[+4 ,! mo/ important ?+s to d ab\t s]i\s 7second or ?ird degree7 burns are3 7a7 ,treat ! pati5t = %ock1 7b7 ,prev5t infection1 & 7c7 ,relieve pa94 ,^! specific actions %\ld be tak53 #a4 ,keep ! pati5t ly+ d[n1 ) 8 head a little l[] ?an 8 legs & hips unless he has a head or *e/ w\nd1 or has difficulty 9 brea?+4 #b4 ,h him dr9k a half-glass e #ae m9utes ( a salt-&-soda solution 7"o teaspoonful ( salt & a half-teaspoonful ( bak+ soda to a qu>t ( wat]74 ,give him additional pla9 wat] to dr9k if he wants x4 #c4 ,cov] ! burn$ area ) a dry1 /]ile gauze dress+4 ,if gauze is n available1 use a clean clo?1 t[el or pad4 #d4 ,) soap & wat]1 wa% ! area ar\nd ! burn 7n ! burn itself7 = a di/ance ( sev]al in*es1 wip+ away f ! burn4 ,! dress+ w help prev5t surface wa%+s f gett+ into ! burn$ area4 #e4 ,use a b&age to hold ! dry dress+ firmly 9 place aga9/ ! burn$ area4 ,?is w keep mov+ air f rea*+ ! burn1 & w less5 ! pa94 ,leave dress+s & b&age 9 place z long z possible4 #f4 ,if adjo9+ surfaces ( sk9 are burn$1 sep>ate !m ) gauze or clo? to keep !m f /ick+ toge!r 7su* z betwe5 toes or f+]s1 e>s & head1 arms & *e/74 #g4 ,if ! burn 0 caus$ by a *emical--or by fall\t p>ticles /ick+ to ! sk9 or hair--wa% ! *emical or ! fall\t p>ticles away ) g5]\s am\nts ( pla9 wat]1 !n treat ! burn z describ$ above4 ,:at ,,n to d ab\t burns3 --,don't pull clo?+ ov] ! burn$ area 7cut x away1 if necess>y74 --,don't try to remove any pieces ( clo?1 or bits ( dirt or debris1 t may be /ick+ to ! burn4 --,don't try to clean ! burn2 don't use iod9e or o!r antiseptics on x2 & don't op5 any bli/]s t may =m on x4 --,don't use grease1 butt]1 o9tm5t1 salve1 petroleum jelly1 or any type ( m$ication on sev]e burns4 ,keep+ !m dry is be/4 --,don't brea! on a burn1 & don't t\* x ) any?+ except a /]ile or clean dress+4 --,don't *ange ! dress+s t 7 initially appli$ to ! burn1 until absolutely necess>y4 ,dress+s may be left 9 place = a week1 if necess>y4 ,,radiation ,,sickness ,radiation sickness is caus$ by ! invisible rays giv5 (f by p>ticles ( radioactive fall\t4 ,if a p]son has receiv$ a l>ge dose ( radiation 9 a %ort p]iod ( "t--g5]ally1 less ?an a week--he w become s]i\sly ill & probably w die4 ,b if he has receiv$ only a small or m$ium dose1 8 body w repair itself & he w get well4 ,no special clo?+ c protect a p]son f gamma radiation1 & no special m$ic9es c protect him or cure him ( radiation sickness4 ,symptoms ( radiation sickness may n be notic$ = sev]al days4 ,! e>ly symptoms are lack ( appetite1 nausea1 vomit+1 fatigue1 weakness & heada*e4 ,lat]1 ! pati5t may h sore m\?1 loss ( hair1 ble$+ gums1 ble$+ "u ! sk91 & di>rhea4 ,b ^! same symptoms c be caus$ by o!r diseases1 & n ev]yone :o has radiation sickness %[s all ^! symptoms1 or %[s !m all at once4 ,if ! pati5t has heada*e or g5]al discom=t1 give him "o or two aspir9 tablets e #c or #d h\rs 7half a tablet1 = a *ild "u #ab74 ,if he is nause\s1 give him motion sickness tablets1 if available4 ,if 8 m\? is sore or 8 gums are ble$+1 h him use a m\? wa% made up ( a half-teaspoonful ( salt to #a qu>t ( wat]4 ,if !re is vomit+ or di>rhea1 he %\ld dr9k sl[ly sev]al glasses ea* day ( a salt-&-soda solution 7"o teaspoonful ( salt & "o-half teaspoonful ( bak+ soda to #a qu>t ( cool wat]71 plus b\illon or fruit juices4 ,if available1 a mixture ( kaol9 & pect9 %\ld be giv5 = di>rhea4 ,:atev] 8 symptoms1 ! pati5t %\ld be kept ly+ d[n1 com=tably w>m1 & re/+4 ,rememb] t radiation sickness is n contagi\s or infecti\s1 & "o p]son _c cat* x f ano!r p]son4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,"p ,,two ,,major ,,natural ,,disa/]s ,_m ( ! actions recomm5d$ 9 ,"p ,i ( ?is h&book to help y prep>e = & live ?r\gh a nucle> attack--su* z le>n+ ! w>n+ signals1 /ock+ em]g5cy supplies1 tak+ a c\rse 9 em]g5cy skills1 & kn[+ h[ to fight fires at home--also w\ld help y 9 case a major natural disa/] occurs 9 y\r area4 ,if y are prep>$ = nucle> attack1 y are also prep>$ to cope ) mo/ peacetime disa/]s--disa/]s t kill hundr$s ( ,am]icans e ye>1 injure ?\s&s1 inflict widespread suff]+ & h>d%ip1 & cause great economic loss4 ,"p ,,ii ( ?is h&book 7pages #fi-hf7 is int5d$ to help y prep>e = ^? natural disa/]s t may occur 9 y\r area1 & tell y ! "r actions to take if !y occur4 ,*apt] #a 7pages #ga-gd7 gives g5]al guidance applicable to v>i\s types ( natural disa/]s4 ,succe$+ *apt]s give special advice on floods1 hurricanes1 tornadoes1 w9t] /orms1 & e>?quakes4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,*apt] #a ,,g5]al ,,guidance ,!re are c]ta9 ?+s y c le>n & d t w help y get ready =1 & cope )1 almo/ any type ( natural disa/]4 ,p]haps ! mo/ basic ?+ to rememb] is to keep calm4 ,?is may mean ! diff]5ce betwe5 life & dea?4 ,9 _m disa/]s1 p h be5 kill$ or injur$ ne$lessly because !y took ?\ghtless actions :5 !y %\ld h done some?+ else--or done no?+ at all j !n4 ,9 a "t ( em]g5cy1 tak+ prop] action may save y\r life4 ,take "t to ?9k1 & !n take ! consid]$ action t ! situation calls =4 ,usually1 ?is w be ! action y h plann$ 9 advance1 or ! action y are in/ruct$ to take by responsible au?orities4 ,"h is o!r guidance t applies to mo/ types ( natural disa/]s4 ,,w>n+ ,,le>n ,,y\r ,,community',s ,,w>n+ ,,signals4 ,9 mo/ communities hav+ outdoor w>n+ sy/ems1 ! ,attack ,w>n+ ,signal is a wav]+ s\nd on ! sir5s1 or a s]ies ( %ort bla/s on :i/les1 horns1 or o!r devices4 ,?is signal w be us$ only to w>n ( an attack aga9/ ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,_m communities also are us+ an ,att5tion or ,al]t ,signal1 usually a #c- to #e-m9ute /eady bla/ to get ! att5tion ( _! p 9 a "t ( ?reat5$ or imp5d+ peacetime em]g5cy4 ,9 mo/ places1 ! ,att5tion or ,al]t ,signal means t p %\ld turn on _! radio or television sets to he> important em]g5cy in=mation be+ broadca/4 ,y %\ld f9d out n[1 be=e any em]g5cy occurs1 :at w>n+ signals are be+ us$ 9 y\r community1 :at !y s\nd l1 :at !y mean1 & :at actions y %\ld take :5 y he> !m4 ,also1 :5ev] a major /orm or o!r peacetime disa/] ?reat5s1 keep y\r radio or television set turn$ on to he> ,wea!r ,bureau reports & =eca/s 7issu$ by ! ,environm5tal ,sci5ce ,s]vices ,adm9i/ration ( ! ,u4,s4 ,dep>tm5t ( ,comm]ce71 z well z o!r in=mation & advice t may be broadca/ by y\r local gov]nm5t4 ,:5 y are w>n$ ( an em]g5cy1 get y\r in=mation on ! radio or television4 ,use y\r telephone only to report important ev5ts 7su* z fires1 fla% floods1 or tornado sight+s7 to ! local au?orities4 ,if y tie up ! telephone l9es simply to get in=mation1 y may prev5t em]g5cy calls f be+ complet$4 ,,em]g5cy ,,supplies ,a major disa/] ( almo/ any k9d may int]f]e ) y\r normal supplies ( wat]1 food1 heat1 & o!r day-to-day necessities4 ,y %\ld keep on h&1 9 or ar\nd y\r home1 a /ock ( em]g5cy supplies suffici5t to meet y\r ne$s = a few days or pref]ably = a week4 ,if y /ay$ at home dur+ ! disa/]1 ^! supplies w\ld help y live ?r\gh ! p]iod ( em]g5cy )\t h>d%ip4 ,if y _h to evacuate y\r home & move tempor>ily to ano!r location1 y\r em]g5cy supplies c\ld be tak5 ) y & us$ en r\te or aft] y arriv$ at ! new location 7:]e regul> supplies might n be available74 ,ev5 if y only _h to move to an em]g5cy %elt] /ation set up by a local ag5cy1 ^! supplies might be helpful to y1 or make y\r /ay easi]4 ,! mo/ important items to keep on h& are wat] 7pref]ably 9 pla/ic jugs or o!r /opp]$ conta9]s72 cann$ or seal$-package foods t d n require refrig]ation or heat = cook+2 m$ic9es ne$$ by family memb]s1 & a fir/ aid kit2 blankets or sleep+ bags2 fla%lights or lant]ns2 a batt]y-p[]$ radio2 & p]haps a cov]$ conta9] to use z an em]g5cy toilet4 ,9 addition1 an automobile 9 good op]at+ condition ) an ample supply ( gasol9e may be necess>y 9 case y h to leave y\r home4 ,9 ^? p>ts ( ! c\ntry subject to hurricanes or floods1 x is also wise to keep on h& c]ta9 em]g5cy mat]ials y may ne$ to protect y\r home f w9d & wat]--su* z plywood %eet+ or lumb] to bo>d up y\r w9d[s & doors1 & pla/ic %eet+ or t>paul9s to protect furniture & appliances4 ,,fire ,,protection ,,& ,,fire ,,fight+ ,fires are a special haz>d 9 a "t ( disa/]4 ,!y may />t m readily1 & ! help ( ! fire dep>tm5t may n be available quickly4 ,!re=e1 x is ess5tial t y3 #a4 ,foll[ ! fire prev5tion rules giv5 on page #eb1 & be especially c>eful n to />t fires4 #b4 ,"k h[ to put out small fires y\rself4 7,see pages #eb-ed47 #c4 ,h on h& simple tools & equipm5t ne$$ = fire fight+4 7,see page #dc47 ,,aft] ,a ,,natural ,,disa/] ,use extreme caution 9 ent]+ or work+ 9 build+s t may h be5 damag$ or weak5$ by ! disa/]1 z !y may collapse )\t w>n+4 ,also1 !re may be gas leaks or electrical %ort circuits4 ,don't br+ lant]ns1 tor*es or light$ cig>ettes into build+s t h be5 flood$ or o!rwise damag$ by a natural disa/]1 s9ce !re may be leak+ gas l9es or flammable mat]ial pres5t4 ,/ay away f fall5 or damag$ electric wires1 :i* may /ill be dang]\s4 ,*eck = leak+ gas pipes 9 y\r home4 ,d ?is by smell only-- don't use mat*es or c&les4 ,if y smell gas1 d ?is3 7#a7 ,op5 all w9d[s & doors1 7#b7 ,turn (f ! ma9 gas valve at ! met]1 7#c7 ,leave ! h\se imm$iately1 7#d7 ,notify ! gas company or ! police or fire dep>tm5t1 7#e7 ,don't re-ent] ! h\se until y are told x is safe to d s4 ,if any ( y\r electrical appliances are wet1 fir/ turn (f ! ma9 p[] swit* 9 y\r h\se1 !n unplug ! wet appliance1 dry x out1 reconnect x1 & f9ally1 turn on ! ma9 p[] swit*4 7,caution3 ,don't d any ( ^! ?+s :ile y are wet or /&+ 9 wat]47 ,if fuses bl[ :5 ! electric p[] is re/or$1 turn (f ! ma9 p[] swit* aga9 & !n inspect = %ort circuits 9 y\r home wir+1 appliances & equipm5t4 ,*eck y\r food & wat] supplies be=e us+ !m4 ,foods t require refrig]ation may be spoil$ if electric p[] has be5 (f = "s "t4 ,also1 don't eat food t has come 9 contact ) flood wat]s4 ,be sure to foll[ ! in/ructions ( local au?orities conc]n+ ! use ( food & wat] supplies4 ,if ne$$1 get food1 clo?+1 m$ical c>e or %elt] at ,r$ ,cross /ations or f local gov]nm5t au?orities4 ,/ay away f disa/] areas4 ,sightsee+ c\ld int]f]e ) fir/ aid or rescue "w1 & may be dang]\s z well4 ,don't drive unless necess>y1 & drive ) caution4 ,wat* = haz>ds to y\rself & o!rs1 & report !m to local au?orities4 ,write1 telegraph or telephone y\r relatives1 aft] ! em]g5cy is ov]1 s !y w "k y are safe4 ,o!rwise local au?orities may wa/e "t locat+ y--or if y h evacuat$ to a saf] location1 !y may n be able to f9d y4 7,h[ev]1 d n tie up ! phone l9es if !y are /ill ne$$ = (ficial em]g5cy calls47 ,d n pass on rumors or exagg]at$ reports ( damage4 ,foll[ ! advice & in/ructions ( y\r local gov]nm5t on ways to help y\rself & y\r community recov] f ! em]g5cy4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,*apt] #b ,,floods ,,& ,,hurricanes ,9 addition to ! g5]al guidance 9 ,*apt] #a ( ?is section1 !re are c]ta9 em]g5cy actions p>ticul>ly associat$ ) major floods1 hurricanes1 & /orm tides or surges4 ,^! types ( disa/]s usually are prec$$ by ext5d$ p]iods ( w>n+4 ,p liv+ 9 areas likely to be mo/ sev]ely affect$ (t5 are w>n$ to move to saf] locations4 ,,evacuation ,if y are w>n$ to evacuate y\r home & move to ano!r location tempor>ily1 !re are c]ta9 ?+s to rememb] & d4 ,"h are ! mo/ important ones3 99 ,,foll[ ,,! ,,in/ructions ,,& ,,advice ,,( ,,y\r ,,local ,,gov]nm5t4 ,if y are told to evacuate1 d s promptly4 ,if y are in/ruct$ to move to a c]ta9 location1 g !re--don't g any:]e else4 ,if c]ta9 travel r\tes are specifi$ or recomm5d$1 use ^? r\tes r ?an try+ to f9d %ort cuts ( y\r own4 7,x w help if y h previ\sly become famili> ) ! r\tes likely to be us$47 ,if y are told to %ut (f y\r wat]1 gas or electric s]vice be=e leav+ home1 d s4 ,also f9d out on ! radio :]e em]g5cy h\s+ & mass fe$+ /ations are locat$1 9 case y ne$ to use !m4 99 ,,secure ,,y\r ,,home ,,be=e ,,leav+4 ,if y h "t1 & if y h n receiv$ o!r in/ructions f y\r local gov]nm5t1 y %\ld take ! foll[+ actions be=e leav+ y\r home3 --,br+ outside possessions inside ! h\se1 or tie !m d[n securely4 ,?is includes outdoor furniture1 g>bage cans1 g>d5 tools1 signs1 & o!r movable objects t might be bl[n or wa%$ away4 --,bo>d up y\r w9d[s s !y won't be brok5 by high w9ds1 wat]1 fly+ objects or debris4 --,if flood+ is likely1 move furniture & o!r movable objects to ! upp] floor ( y\r h\se4 ,disconnect any electrical appliances or equipm5t t _c be mov$--b don't t\* !m if y are wet or are /&+ 9 wat]4 --,d n /ack s&bags ar\nd ! outside walls ( y\r h\se to keep flood wat]s out ( y\r basem5t4 ,wat] seep+ d[nw>d ?r\gh ! e>? 7ei!r beyond ! s&bags or ov] !m7 may collect ar\nd ! basem5t walls & "u ! floor1 creat+ pressure t c\ld damage ! walls or else raise ! entire basem5t & cause x to float out ( ! gr\nd4 ,9 mo/ cases x is bett] to p]mit ! flood wat]s to fl[ freely into ! basem5t 7or flood ! basem5t y\rself ) clean wat]1 if y feel sure x w be flood$ anyway74 ,?is w equalize ! wat] pressure on ! inside & outside ( ! basem5t walls & floor1 & ?us avoid /ructural damage to ! f\ndation & ! h\se4 --,lock h\se doors & w9d[s4 ,p>k y\r c> 9 ! g>age or driveway1 close ! w9d[s1 & lock x 7unless y are driv+ to y\r new tempor>y location74 99 ,,travel ,,) ,,c>e4 ,if y\r local gov]nm5t is arrang+ transportation = y1 precautions w be tak5 = y\r safety4 ,b if y are walk+ or driv+ y\r own c> to ano!r location1 keep 9 m9d ^! ?+s3 --,leave e>ly en\gh s z n to be m>oon$ by flood$ roads1 fall5 trees1 & wires4 --,make sure y h en\gh gasol9e 9 y\r c>4 --,foll[ recomm5d$ r\tes4 --,z y travel1 keep li/5+ to ! radio = additional in=mation & in/ructions f y\r local gov]nm5t4 --,wat* = wa%$-out or und]m9$ roadways1 e>? slides1 brok5 sew] or wat] ma9s1 loose or d[n$ electric wires1 & fall+ or fall5 objects4 --,wat* out = areas :]e riv]s or /reams may flood sudd5ly4 --,don't try to cross a /ream or a pool ( wat] unless y are c]ta9 t ! wat] w n be above y\r knees 7or above ! middle ( y\r c>'s :eels7 all ! way across4 ,sometimes ! wat] w hide a bridge or a "p ( ! road t has be5 wa%$ out4 ,if y decide x is safe to drive across x1 put y\r c> 9 l[ ge> & drive v sl[ly1 to avoid spla%+ wat] into y\r eng9e & caus+ x to /op4 ,also1 rememb] t y\r brakes may n "w well aft] ! :eels ( y\r c> h be5 9 deep wat]4 ,try !m out a few times :5 y rea* ! o!r side4 ,,dur+ ,a ,,hurricane --,if y\r h\se is on high gr\nd & y hav5't be5 in/ruct$ to evacuate1 /ay indoors4 ,don't try to travel1 s9ce y w be 9 dang] f fly+ debris1 flood$ roads1 & d[n$ wires4 --,keep li/5+ to y\r radio or television set = fur!r in=mation & advice4 ,if ! c5t] or eye ( ! hurricane passes directly ov] y1 !re w be a tempor>y lull 9 ! w9d1 la/+ f a few m9utes to p]haps a half-h\r or m4 ,/ay 9 a safe place dur+ ?is lull4 ,! w9d w return--p]haps ) ev5 great] =ce--f ! opposite direction4 ,,special ,,advice ,,on ,,fla% ,,floods ,9 _m areas1 unusually heavy ra9s may cause quick or fla% floods4 ,small creeks1 gullies1 dry /reamb$s1 rav9es1 culv]ts or ev5 l[-ly+ gr\nds frequ5tly flood v quickly & endang] p1 sometimes be=e any w>n+ c be giv54 ,9 a p]iod ( heavy ra9s1 be aw>e ( ?is haz>d & be prep>$ to protect y\rself aga9/ x4 ,if y see any possibility ( a fla% flood occurr+ :]e y are1 move imm$iately to a saf] location 7don't wait = in/ructions to move71 & !n notify y\r local au?orities ( ! dang]1 s o!r p c be w>n$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,*apt] #c ,,tornadoes 99 ,:5 a tornado wat* 7=eca/7 is ann\nc$1 ?is means t tornadoes are expect$ 9 or ne> y\r area4 ,keep y\r radio or television set tun$ to a local /ation = in=mation & advice f y\r local gov]nm5t or ! ,wea!r ,bureau4 ,also1 keep wat*+ ! sky1 especially to ! s\? & s\?we/4 7,:5 a tornado wat* is ann\nc$ dur+ ! approa* ( a hurricane1 h[ev]1 keep wat*+ ! sky to ! ea/47 ,if y see any revolv+1 funnel-%ap$ cl\ds1 report !m by telephone imm$iately to y\r local police dep>tm5t1 %]iff's (fice or ,wea!r ,bureau (fice4 ,b d n use ! phone to get in=mation & advice--dep5d on radio or ,,tv4 99 ,:5 a tornado w>n+ is issu$1 take %elt] imm$iately4 ,! w>n+ means t a tornado has actually be5 sight$1 & ?is 7or o!r tornadoes7 may /rike 9 y\r vic9ity4 ,y mu/ take action to protect y\rself f be+ bl[n away1 /ruck by fall+ objects1 or injur$ by fly+ debris4 ,y\r be/ protection is an und]gr\nd %elt] or cave1 or a sub/antial /eel-fram$ or re9=c$-concrete build+4 ,b if none ( ^! is available1 !re are o!r places :]e y c take refuge3 --,if y are at home1 g to y\r und]gr\nd /orm cell> or y\r basem5t fall\t %elt]1 if y h "o4 ,if n1 g to a corn] ( y\r home basem5t & take cov] "u a /urdy workb5* or table 7b n und]nea? heavy appliances on ! floor above74 ,if y\r home has no basem5t1 take cov] "u heavy furniture on ! gr\nd floor 9 ! c5t] "p ( ! h\se1 or 9 a small room on ! gr\nd floor t is away f outside walls & w9d[s4 7,z a la/ resort1 g outside to a ne>by dit*1 excavation1 culv]t or rav9e47 ,doors & w9d[s on ! sides ( y\r h\se away f1 ! tornado may be left op5 to help r$uce damage to ! build+1 b /ay away f !m to avoid fly+ debris4 ,d n rema9 9 a trail] or mobile home if a tornado is approa*+2 take cov] else:]e4 --,if y are at "w 9 an (fice build+1 g to ! basem5t or to an inn] hallway on a l[] floor4 ,9 a factory1 g to a %elt] area1 or to ! basem5t if !re is "o4 --,if y are outside 9 op5 c\ntry1 drive away f ! tornado's pa?1 at a "r angle to x4 ,if !re isn't "t to d ?is--or if y are walk+--take cov] & lie flat 9 ! ne>e/ depression1 su* z a dit*1 culv]t1 excavation1 or rav9e4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,*apt] #d ,,w9t] ,,/orms ,"h is advice t w help y protect y\rself & y\r family aga9/ ! haz>ds ( w9t] /orms--blizz>ds1 heavy sn[s1 ice /orms1 freez+ ra91 or sleet4 99 ,,keep ,,po/$ ,,on ,,wea!r ,,conditions4 ,use y\r radio1 television & newspap]s to keep in=m$ ( curr5t wea!r conditions & =eca/s 9 y\r area4 ,ev5 a few h\rs' w>n+ ( a /orm may enable y to avoid be+ caught outside 9 x1 or at lea/ be bett] prep>$ to cope ) x4 ,y %\ld also und]/& ! t]ms commonly us$ 9 wea!r =eca/s3 --,a blizz>d is ! mo/ dang]\s ( all w9t] /orms4 ,x comb9es cold air1 heavy sn[1 & /rong w9ds t bl[ ! sn[ ab\t & may r$uce visibility to only a few y>ds4 ,a blizz>d w>n+ is issu$ :5 ! ,wea!r ,bureau expects consid]able sn[1 w9ds ( #ce miles an h\r or m1 & temp]atures ( #bj degrees ,fahr5heit or l[]4 ,a sev]e blizz>d w>n+ means t a v heavy sn[fall is expect$1 ) w9ds ( at lea/ #de miles an h\r & temp]atures ( #aj degrees or l[]4 --,a heavy sn[ w>n+ usually means an expect$ sn[fall ( #d in*es or m 9 a #ab-;h\r p]iod1 or #f in*es or m 9 a #bd-;h\r p]iod4 ,w>n+s ( sn[ flurries1 sn[ squalls1 or bl[+ & drift+ sn[ are important ma9ly because visibility may be r$uc$ & roads may become slipp]y or block$4 --,freez+ ra9 or freez+ drizzle is =eca/ :5 expect$ ra9 is likely to freeze z soon z x /rikes ! gr\nd1 putt+ a coat+ ( ice or glaze on roads & ev]y?+ else t is expos$4 ,if a sub/antial lay] ( ice is expect$ to accumulate f ! freez+ ra91 an ice /orm is =eca/4 --,sleet is small p>ticles ( ice1 usually mix$ ) ra94 ,if en\gh sleet accumulates on ! gr\nd1 x w make ! roads slipp]y4 99 ,,be ,,prep>$ ,,= ,,isolation ,,at ,,home4 ,if y live 9 a rural area1 make sure y c\ld survive at home = a week or two 9 case a /orm isolat$ y & made x impossible = y to leave4 ,y %\ld3 --,keep an adequate supply ( heat+ fuel on h& & use x sp>+ly1 z y\r regul> supplies may be curtail$ by /orm conditions4 ,if necess>y1 cons]ve fuel by keep+ ! h\se cool] ?an usual1 or by clos+ (f "s rooms tempor>ily4 ,also1 h available "s k9d ( em]g5cy heat+ equipm5t & fuel s y c\ld keep at lea/ "o room ( y\r h\se w>m en\gh to be livable4 ,?is c\ld be a camp /ove ) fuel1 or a supply ( wood or coal if y h a fireplace4 ,if y\r furnace is controll$ by a !rmo/at & y\r electricity is cut (f by a /orm1 ! furnace probably w\ld n op]ate & y w\ld ne$ em]g5cy heat4 --,/ock an em]g5cy supply ( food & wat]1 z well z em]g5cy cook+ equipm5t su* z a camp /ove4 ,"s ( ?is food %\ld be ( ! type t does n require refrig]ation or cook+4 --,make sure y h a batt]y-p[]$ radio & extra batt]ies on h&1 s t if y\r electric p[] is cut (f y c\ld /ill he> wea!r =eca/s1 in=mation & advice broadca/ by local au?orities4 ,also1 fla%lights or lant]ns w\ld be ne$$4 --,consult page #gb ( ?is h&book = o!r supplies & equipm5t t y may ne$ if isolat$ at home4 ,be sure to keep on h& ! simple tools & equipm5t ne$$ to fight a fire4 ,also1 be c]ta9 t all family memb]s "k h[ to take precautions t w\ld prev5t fire at su* a "t1 :5 ! help ( ! fire dep>tm5t may n be available4 99 ,,travel ,,only ,,if ,,necess>y4 ,avoid all unnecess>y trips4 ,if y mu/ travel1 use public transportation if possible4 ,h[ev]1 if y are =c$ to use y\r automobile = a trip ( any di/ance1 take ^! precautions3 --,make sure y\r c> is 9 good op]at+ condition1 prop]ly s]vic$1 & equipp$ ) *a9s or sn[ tires4 --,take ano!r p]son ) y if possible4 --,make sure someone kn[s :]e y are go+1 y\r approximate s*$ule1 & y\r e/imat$ "t ( arrival at y\r de/9ation4 --,h em]g5cy w9t] /orm supplies 9 ! c>1 su* z a conta9] ( s&1 %ovel1 w9d%ield scrap]1 t[ *a9 or rope1 extra gasol9e1 & a fla%light4 ,x also is good to h ) y heavy gloves or mitt5s1 ov]%oes1 extra wool5 socks1 & w9t] headge> to cov] y\r head & face4 --,travel by daylight & use major highways if y c4 ,keep ! c> radio turn$ on = wea!r in=mation & advice4 --,drive ) all possible caution4 ,don't try to save "t by travell+ fa/] ?an road & wea!r conditions p]mit4 --,don't be d>+ or foolh>dy4 ,/op1 turn back1 or seek help if conditions ?reat5 t may te/ y\r ability or endurance1 r ?an risk be+ /all$1 lo/ or isolat$4 ,if y are caught 9 a blizz>d1 seek refuge imm$iately4 99 ,,keep ,,calm ,,if ,,y ,,get ,,9 ,,tr\ble4 ,if y\r c> breaks d[n dur+ a /orm1 or if y become /all$ or lo/1 don't panic4 ,?9k ! problem ?r\gh1 decide :at's ! safe/ & be/ ?+ to d1 & !n d x sl[ly & c>efully4 ,if y are on a well-travel$ road1 %[ a tr\ble signal4 ,set y\r directional lights to fla%+1 raise ! hood ( y\r c>1 or hang a clo? f ! radio a]ial or c> w9d[4 ,!n /ay 9 y\r c> & wait = help to arrive4 ,if y run ! eng9e to keep w>m1 rememb] to op5 a w9d[ en\gh to provide v5tilation & protect y f c>bon monoxide poison+4 ,:]ev] y are1 if !re is no h\se or o!r s\rce ( help 9 sight1 d n leave y\r c> to se>* = assi/ance1 z y may become confus$ & get lo/4 99 ,,avoid ,,ov]ex]tion4 ,e w9t] _m unnecess>y dea?s occur because p--especially old] p]sons1 b y\ng] ones z well--engage 9 m /r5u\s physical activity ?an _! bodies c /&4 ,cold wea!r itself1 )\t any physical ex]tion1 puts an extra /ra9 on y\r he>t4 ,if y add to ?is physical ex]cise1 especially ex]cise t y are n accu/om$ to--su* z %ovell+ sn[1 pu%+ an automobile1 or ev5 walk+ fa/ or f>--y are risk+ a he>t attack1 a /roke1 or o!r damage to y\r body4 ,9 w9t] wea!r1 & especially 9 w9t] /orms1 be aw>e ( ?is dang]1 & avoid ov]ex]tion4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,*apt] #e ,,e>?quakes ,if y\r area is "o ( ! places 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates :]e e>?quakes occur1 keep ^! po9ts 9 m9d3 --,:5 an e>?quake happ5s1 keep calm4 ,don't run or panic4 ,if y take ! prop] precautions1 ! *ances are y w n be hurt4 --,,rema9 ,,:]e ,,y ,,are4 ,if y are outdoors1 /ay outdoors2 if indoors1 /ay indoors4 ,9 e>?quakes1 mo/ injuries occur z p are ent]+ or leav+ build+s 7f fall+ walls1 electric wires1 etc474 --,if y are indoors1 sit or /& aga9/ an inside wall 7pref]ably 9 ! basem5t71 or 9 an inside doorway2 or else take cov] "u a desk1 table or b5* 79 case ! wall or ceil+ %\ld fall74 ,/ay away f w9d[s & outside doors4 --,if y are outdoors1 /ay away f ov]head electric wires1 poles or any?+ else t might %ake loose & fall 7su* z ! cornices ( tall build+s74 --,if y are driv+ an automobile1 pull (f ! road & /op 7z soon z possible1 & ) caution74 ,rema9 9 ! c> until ! di/urbance subsides4 ,:5 y drive on1 wat* = haz>ds creat$ by ! e>?quake1 su* z fall5 or fall+ objects1 d[n$ electric wires1 & brok5 or und]m9$ roadways4 ,,aft] ,,an ,,e>?quake ,= y\r own safety & t ( o!rs1 y %\ld foll[ c>efully ! advice giv5 9 ! section1 ,aft] a ,natural ,disa/] 7page #gc74 99 99 99 99 99 ,,index ,air raid see ,,nucle> ,,attack ,air raid %elt]s see ,,fall\t ,,%elt]s ,,artificial ,,respiration #eh-fj ,atomic bomb attack see ,,nucle> ,,attack ,attack1 nucle> see ,,nucle> ,,attack ,,attack ,,w>n+3 #ag-bb ,actions to take #ai-bj1 #ba-bb ,attack w>n+ signal #ai ,attack w>n+ "t #ah1 #ba ,tak+ cov] #ba-bb ,,att5tion ,,or ,,al]t ,,signal 7= natural disa/]s7 #ai-bj1 #ga-gb ,basem5ts 7= use z fall\t %elt]s7 see ,,fall\t ,,%elt]s ,bla/ f nucle> explosions see ,,nucle> ,,explosions1 ,effects ( ,,ble$+1 ,h[ to /op #fa ,blizz>ds see ,,/orms1 ,w9t] ,,boats 7use z improvis$ fall\t %elt]s7 #cc1 #ch ,bomb %elt]s see ,,fall\t ,,%elt]s ,,brea?+1 ,h[ to re/ore #eh-fj ,,broadca/+1 ,radio & television3 ,9 "t ( natural disa/] #gb1 #ge1 #gg1 #ha1 #hc ,9 "t ( nucle> attack #ag-ah1 #cb1 #cd ,,brok5 ,,bones1 ,h[ to treat #fc-fe ,,burns1 ,h[ to treat #fe-ff ,,*eckli/ ,,( ,,em]g5cy ,,actions #f-g ,,*ildr51 ,special precautions =3 ,avoid+ contam9at$ wat] & milk #f1 #i1 #af ,effects ( radiation on *ildr5 #ac1 #af ,f9d+ fall\t %elt] at all times #bd ,giv+ artificial respiration to *ildr5 #ei1 #fj ,infant supplies to be /or$ = %elt] use #dc ,con/ruction ( home fall\t %elt]s see ,,plans ,,= ,,home ,,fall\t ,,%elt]s ,cov] see ,,tak+ ,,cov] ,,crawl ,,space 7use z improvis$ fall\t %elt]7 #cc1 #cf ,,driv+ ,,9 ,a ,,"t ,,( ,,natural ,,disa/]3 ,c> may be ne$$ = evacuation #gb ,driv+ aft] a natural disa/] has occurr$ #gd ,driv+ at ! "t ( a flood or hurricane #ge1 #gf1 #gg1 #gh ,driv+ at ! "t ( an e>?quake #hf ,driv+ dur+ a w9t] /orm #hb-hd ,if y see a tornado :ile driv+ #hj ,,e>?quakes #he-hf see also #ga-gd 7,g5]al ,guidance7 ,effects ( nucle> explosions see ,,nucle> ,,explosions1 ,effects ( ,,electric ,,s]vice #ge1hb ,,electric ,,wires1 ,d[n$ #gc1 #gg1 #gh1 #hf ,,electrical ,,appliances #gc1 #gf ,,electricity 7z relat$ to fires7 #eb1 #ed ,,em]g5cy ,,actions ,,*eckli/ #f-g ,,em]g5cy ,,skills3 ,ne$ = #b1 #e1 #ee1 #ef ,tra9+ c\rses 9 #b1 #ee ,,evacuation ,,9 ,a ,,"t ,,( ,,natural ,,disa/]3 #ge-gh ,secur+ y\r home be=e leav+ #ge-gf ,,ex]tion1 ,physical3 ,avoid+ ov]ex]tion dur+ a /orm #hd ,,fall\t1 ,radioactive #e1 #f1 #aj-ac1 #ae1 #af ,,fall\t ,,%elt]s3 ,g5]al in=mation #ac-ad1 #bc-be ,home %elt]s #bd-be1 h[ to prep>e #bf-cb ,improvis$ %elt]s #cc-ch ,public %elt]s #bc-bd1 h[ to id5tify #bd ,"s protection provid$ aga9/ bla/ & heat #ad ,supplies = fall\t %elt]s #ci-dd ,tak+ cov] be=e go+ to fall\t %elt] #ba-bb ,:5 to leave %elt] #ac1 #bd1 #cb ,,fire3 ,firefight+ at home #eb-ed ,firefight+ supplies ne$$ at home #dc1 #ec ,fire f nucle> explosions see ,,nucle> ,,explosions1 ,effects ( ,fire 9 connection ) natural disa/]s #gc ,fire prev5tion at home #ea-ed ,special fire precautions 9 "t ( attack #eb-ec ,fireball1 nucle> see ,,nucle> ,,explosions1 ,effects ( ,,fir/ ,,aid3 #ee-fg ,g5]al rules #eg ,ble$+1 h[ to /op x #fa-fb ,brea?+1 h[ to re/ore x #eh-fj ,brok5 bones #fc-fe ,burns #fe-ff ,radiation sickness #ff-fg ,%ock1 h[ to prev5t & treat x #fb-fc ,supplies #db ,tra9+ c\rses #b1 #ee-ef ,fla% f nucle> explosions see ,,nucle> ,,explosions1 ,effects ( ,,floods3 #ge-gh see also #ga-gd 7,g5]al ,guidance7 ,special advice on fla% floods #gh ,us+ s&bags to protect home n recomm5d$ #gf ,,food3 ,available & usable aft] an attack #ad-af ,c>e & use ( food supplies 9 %elt] #db1 #df1 #dh ,food supplies 9 "t ( natural disa/] #gb1 #hb ,food to take to %elt] #dj1 #db ,use ( food aft] a natural disa/] #gc see also ,,supplies ,,= ,,fall\t ,,%elt]s ,gamma radiation see ,,fall\t1 ,radioactive ,,gas ,,s]vice1 ,turn(f by h\sehold]s #ge ,,gas ,,pipes1 ,leak+ #gc ,heat f nucle> explosions see ,,nucle> ,,explosions1 ,effects ( ,,heat+1 9 "t ( w9t] /orms #hb ,,home ,,fall\t ,,%elt]s3 ,h[ to prep>e a home %elt]3 #bf-cb ,outside type #cb ,p]man5t type #bf-bi ,preplann$ type #cj-cb ,importance ( #bd-be ,improvis$ home %elt]s #cc-ch ,manag+ wat]1 food1 & sanitation 9 #de-di ,supplies & equipm5t = #da-dd ,:5 to leave %elt] #ac1 #bd1 #cb ,,hurricanes3 #ge-gh see also #ga-gd 7,g5]al ,guidance7 ,eye ( a hurricane #gh ,ice /orm see ,,/orms1 ,w9t] ,improvis$ fall\t %elt]s see ,,fall\t ,,%elt]s ,infants see ,,*ildr51 ,special precautions = ,injuries1 treatm5t ( see ,,fir/ ,,aid ,,m$ical ,,c>e ,,9 ,,em]g5cies #ee-fg see also ,,fir/ ,,aid ,,m$ical ,,self-,,help ,,c\rse #b1 #ee1 #ef ,,m$ic9es ,,& ,,m$ical ,,supplies3 ,importance ( hav+ available #ee1 #ef ,:at to keep on h& = natural disa/]s #gb ,:at to /ore = home %elt] use #db ,:at to take to a public fall\t %elt] #dj ,,milk ,,contam9ation ,,f ,,fall\t #i1 #af ,missiles1 nucle> see ,,nucle> ,,attack & ,,nucle> ,,explosions1 ,effects ( ,,m\?-,,to-,,m\? ,,resuscitation #eh-fj ,,natural ,,disa/]s3 #fi-hf ,g5]al guidance #ga-gd ,e>?quakes #he1 #hf ,em]g5cy fe$+ & %elt] /ations #ge ,floods & hurricanes #ge-gh ,supplies = #gb1 #hb1 #hc ,tornadoes #gi1 #hj ,value ( prep>ations #gj1 #ga ,w>n+ #ga-gb1 #ge1 #gi1 #ha ,w9t] ,/orms #ha-hd ,,natural ,,disa/] ,,w>n+ #ag1 #ah1 #ai1 #ga-gb ,,nucle> ,,attack3 #c-fg ,areas ( damage #aj-aa ,assi/ance available 9 "t ( attack #e ,*eckli/ ( em]g5cy actions #f-g ,dea?s & injuries #e1 #aj-aa ,haz>ds ( an attack #i-af ,importance ( foll[+ local in/ructions #a1 #b1 #f1 #g ,survivors #aj-aa ,tak+ cov] if !re %\ld be a nucle> fla% #ba-bb ,w>n+ #f1 #ag-bb ,,nucle> ,,explosions1 ,effects ( #i-ac ,outside fall\t %elt]s see ,,home ,,fall\t ,,%elt]s ,,plans ,,= ,,home ,,fall\t ,,%elt]s3 #bf-cb ,improvis$ home %elt]s1 description ( #cc-ch ,prep>ations = natural disa/]s see ,,natural ,,disa/]s ,prep>ations = nucle> attack see ,,nucle> ,,attack ,protective mat]ials aga9/ fall\t see ,,%ield+ ,,mat]ials ,,public ,,fall\t ,,%elt]s3 ,h[ to id5tify #g1 #bd ,supplies to take to public %elt] #dj ,wat]1 food & sanitation 9 public %elt] #de-df ,:5 to leave %elt] #ac1 #bd1 #cb ,radiation see ,,fall\t1 ,radioactive ,,radiation ,,sickness3 #aa-ac1 #cb ,h[ to recognize & treat x #ff-fg ,radio see ,,broadca/+1 ,radio & television ,radioactive fall\t see ,,fall\t1 ,radioactive ,,sanitation #da-db1 #de-di ,%elt]s see ,,fall\t ,,%elt]s ,,%ield+ ,,mat]ials #ad1 #be1 #cd ,comp>ison ( v>i\s mat]ials #be ,,%ock1 ,h[ to recognize & treat #fb-fc ,sick & injur$1 c>e ( ! see ,,fir/ ,,aid ,sign1 public fall\t %elt] see ,,public ,,fall\t ,,%elt]s ,,signals1 ,w>n+3 #ah-bj see also ,,attack ,,w>n+ & ,,natural ,,disa/] ,,w>n+ ,sir5s1 w>n+ see ,,signals1 ,w>n+ ,sn[ /orms see ,,/orms1 ,w9t] ,,/orm ,,cell>s3 ,= protection f tornadoes #hj ,use z fall\t %elt]s #cf ,,/orms1 ,w9t] #ha-hd see also #ga-gd 7,g5]al ,guidance7 ,,/orm ,,tides ,,or ,,surges #ge-gh ,,supplies ,,= ,,fall\t ,,%elt]s3 #ci-dd ,home %elt]s #ci1 #da-dd1 c>e & use ( supplies #de-di ,public %elt]s #dj1 #df ,,supplies ,,ne$$ ,,= ,,natural ,,disa/]s #gb1 #hb-hc ,,tak+ ,,cov]3 ,= protection f tornadoes #gi-hj ,9 "t ( nucle> attack #ba-bb ,,telephone1 ,re/rict$ use 9 a "t ( em]g5cy #f1 #bj1 #gb1 #gd1 #gi ,television see ,,broadca/+1 ,radio & television ,,toilets1 ,em]g5cy #db1 #de-df1 #dh-di ,,tornadoes #gi-hj see also #ga-gd 7,g5]al ,guidance7 ,,t\rniquets1 ,special advice on #fa-fb ,tra9+ c\rses see ,,em]g5cy ,,skills ,,w>n+3 #ag-bb see also ,,attack ,,w>n+ & ,,natural ,,disa/] ,,w>n+ ,,wat]3 ,available & usable aft] an attack #ad-af ,c>e & use ( wat] supplies 9 %elt] #df-dh ,possible dang] ( contam9at$ wat] to *ildr5 #f1 #i1 #af ,precautions on use ( wat] aft] a natural disa/] #gc ,to /ore = home %elt] use #da ,to /ore = use 9 a natural disa/] #gb1 #hb ,to take to public fall\t %elt] #dj ,wat] s]vice1 turn(f by h\sehold]s #ge see also ,,supplies ,,= ,,fall\t ,,%elt]s ,w9t] /orms see ,,/orms1 ,w9t] 99 99 99 99 99 ,,keep ,,?is ,,h&book ,,) ,,o!r ,,em]g5cy ,,in/ructions ,,y ,,receive ,u4,s4 ,,gov]nm5t ,,pr9t+ ,,(fice3 #aifh--,o-#big-egi 99 99 99 99 99 ,,footnotes3 ,footnote #a3 ,9 a "t ( nucle> attack or major natural disa/]1 don't use ! telephone to get in=mation or advice4 ,dep5d on radio or television4 ,footnote #b3 ,^! small] p>ticles w\ld drift to e>? m sl[ly1 los+ mu* ( _! radioactivity be=e !y rea*$ ! gr\nd1 & w\ld be spread by ! upp] w9ds ov] va/ areas ( ! _w4 ,footnote #c3 ,?is table1 & o!r sugge/ions conc]n+ em]g5cy supplies ( food & wat]1 is conta9$ 9 ,family ,food ,/ockpile = ,survival1 ,home & ,g>d5 ,bullet9 ,no4 #gg1 ,u4,s4 ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture4 ,= sale by ! ,sup]9t5d5t ( ,docum5ts1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c4 #bjdjb1 price #aj c5ts4