,,caxton',s ,,book ,,of ,,curtesye ,printed at ,westminster about #adgg-h ,a4,d4 and ,now ,reprinted1 with ,two ,ms4 ,copies of the ,same ,treatise1 from the ,oriel ,ms4 #gi1 and the ,balliol ,ms4 #ced ,edited by ,,frederick ,j4 ,,furnivall1 ,m4,a4 ,editor of ',the ,babees ,book1 ,etc4' 7',manners and ,meals in ,olden ,time'71 ,etc4 ,etc4 ,london3 ,published for the ,early ,english ,text ,society by ,humphrey ,milford1 ,oxford ,university ,press1 ,amen ,house1 ,e4,c4 #d #ahfh 7reprinted #ahhb1 #ahih1 #aicb7 ,,preface ,though no excuse can be needed for including in our ,extra ,series a reprint of a unique ,caxton on a most interesting subject1 yet this ,book of ,curtesye from ,hill's ,,ms4 was at first intended for our original series1 ,i having forgotten lately that ,caxton had written to 'lytyl ,iohn1' though some months back ,i had entered the old printer's book for my second collection of ,manners and ,meals tracts for the ,society4 ,after the copy of ,hill--which ,mr ,w4,w4 ,king kindly made for his fellow-members--had gone to press1 ,mr ,hazlitt reminded me of the ,caxton1 and its first and last lines in ,mr ,blades's admirable book showed that ,hill's text was the same as the printed one4 ,i accordingly went to ,cambridge to copy it1 and there1 before tea1 ,mr ,skeat showed me the copy of ,the ,vision of ,piers ,plowman which the ,provost and ,fellows of ,oriel had been good enough to lend him for his edition of ',text ,b4' ,having enjoyed the vellum ,vision1 ,i turned to the paper leaves at its end1 and what should they contain but an earlier and better version of the ,caxton that ,i had just copied part of8#a ,i drank seven cups of tea1 and eat five or six large slices of bread and butter1 in honour of the event2#b and ,mr ,skeat1 with his never-failing kindness1 undertook to copy and edit the ,oriel text for the ,society4 ,with three texts1 therefore1 in hand1 ,i could not well stick them at the end of the ,postscript to the ,babees ,book1 c41#c and as ,i wanted ,caxton's name to this ,book of ,curtesye to distinguish it from what has long been to me ,,the ,book of ,courtesy1--that from the ,sloane ,,ms4 #aihf1 edited by ,mr ,halliwell for the ,percy ,society1 and by me for our own ,e4,e4,t4,s4--and as also ,caxton's name is one 'to conjure withal1' ,i have1 with our ,committee's leave1 made this little volume an ,extra ,series one1 and called it ,caxton's1 though his text is not so good as that of the ,oriel ,,ms4 ,footnote #a3 ,mr ,bradshaw was kind enough to copy the rest1 and to read the whole of the proof with ,caxton's original4 ,footnote #b3 ,i must be excused for not having found the poem before1 as it is not in the ,index to ,mr ,coxe's ,catalogue4 ,in the body of the work it is entered as ,a father's advice to his son2 with instructions for his behaviour as a king's or nobleman's page4 ff4 #hh1 #hi1 #gh4 ,beg4 ,kepeth clene and leseth not youre gere4 ,footnote #c3 ,the ,treatises in ,the ,babees ,book1 c41 and the ,index at the end1 should be consulted for parallel and illustrative passages to those in ,caxton's text4 ,on this latter point ,mr ,skeat writes3 ,the ,oriel copy is evidently the best4 ,not only does it give better readings1 but the lines1 as a rule1 run more smoothly2 and it has an extra stanza4 ,this stanza1 which is marked #ed1 occurs between stanzas #ec and #ed of the other copies1 and is of some interest and importance4 ,it shows that ,lidgate's pupil1 put in mind of ,lidgate's style by the very mention of his name1 introduces a ballad of three stanzas1 in which every stanza has a burden after the ,lidgate manner4 ,the recurrence of this burden no doubt caused copyists to lose their place1 and so the stanza came to be omitted in other copies4 ,its omission1 however1 spoils the ballad4 ,both it and the curious lines in ,piers ,ploughmans ,crede1 ,for aungells and arcangells _/ all ei whijt vse ,and alle aldermen _/ at ben ante tronum1 i4e4 all the elders before the throne1 allude to ,rev4 iv4 #aj4 ,this ,crede passage has special reference to the ,carmelites or ,white ,friars4 ,the first two leaves of the ,oriel copy are misplaced inside out at the end2 but this is not the only misarrangement4 ,the poem has evidently been copied into this ,,ms4 from an older copy having a leaf capable of containing six stanzas at a time2 which leaves were out of order4 ,hence the poem in the ,oriel ,,ms4 is written in the following order1 as now bound up1 ,stanzas #aa 7l4 #e7-ah1 #be-cj1 #cg-db1 #ai-bd1 #di-ed1 #ca-cf1 #dc-dh1 #ee-gf1 #h-aa 7l4 #d71 #d 7l4 #e7-g1 #a-d 7l4 #d74 ,as an instance of a word improved by the ,oriel text1 may be cited the 'brecheles feste' of ,caxton's and ,hill's texts1 l4 #ff1 and l4 #cjj1 ffor truste ye well ye shall you not excuse ffrom brecheles feste1 ,i may you espye ,playenge at any game of rebawdrye4--,hill1 l4 #bii-cja4 ,could it be 'profitless1' from ,a4-,sax4 brc1 gain1 profit2 or 'breechless1' a feast of birch for the boy with his breeches off8 ,the latter was evidently meant1 but it was a forced construction4 ,the ,oriel byrcheley set matters right at once4 ,another passage ,i cannot feel sure is set at rest by the ,oriel text4 ,hill's and ,caxton's texts1 when describing the ill-mannered servant whose ways are to be avoided1 say of him1 as to his hair1 that he is ,absolon with disheveled heres smale1 lyke to a prysoner of saynt ,malowes1#a a sonny busshe able to the galowes4--,hill1 l4 #dfb4 ,footnote #a3 ,an allusion to the strong castle built at ,st ,malo's by ,anne1 ,duchess of ,bretayne4--,dyce4 ,for the last line the ,oriel ,,ms4 reads1 a sonny bush myght cause hym to goo louse1 and ,mr ,skeat says1--,this is clearly the right reading1 of which galowes is an unmeaning corruption4 ,the poet is speaking of the dirty state of a bad and ill-behaved servant4 ,he is as dirty as a man come out of ,st ,malo's prison2 a sunny bush would cause him to go and free himself from minute attendants4 ,a 'sunny bush' probably means no more than a warm nook1 inviting one to rest1 or to such quiet pursuits as the one indicated4 ,that this is really the reading is shown by the next stanza1 wherein the poet apologizes for having spoken too bluntly2 he ought to have spoken of such a chase by saying that he goes a-hawking or a-hunting4 ,such was the right euphemism required by 'norture4' ,if this is the meaning1 we may compare with it the old poet's reproof to the proud man3 ,man1 of i schuldres and of i side ou mi#c99te hunti luse and flee3 of such a park i ne hold no pride2 e dere nis nau#c99te at ou mighte sle4 ,early ,english ,poems1 ed4 ,f4,j4,f41 #ahfb1 p4 #a1 l4 #e4 and remember that one of the blessings of the early ,paradisaical ,land of ,cokaygne is3 ,nis er flei1 fle1 no lowse1 ,in clo1 in toune1 bed1 no house4 ,ib41 p4 #aeg1 l4 #cg-h4 ,we may also compare the following extract about ,homer's death from ,pleasant and ,delightfull ,dialogues in ,spanish and ,english3 ,profitable to the ,learner1 and not vnpleasant to any other ,reader4 ,by ,john ,minsheu1 ,professor of ,languages in ,london4 #afbc1 p4 #dg4 ,f 444 a foole with his foolishnesse framed in his owne imagination may giue to a hundred wise men matter to picke out4 ,i1 ,so it hapned to the ,poet ,homer1 that as he was with age blinde1 and went walking by the sea shoare1 heard certaine ,fishermen talking1 that at that time were a lowsing themselues1 and as he asked them1 what fish they caught1 they vnderstanding that he had meant their lice1 they answered1 ,those that we #a;haue1 we seeke for1 and those that we #b;haue not wee finde1 but as the good ,homer could not see what they did1 and for this cause could not vnderstand the riddle1 it did so grieue his vnderstanding to obtaine the secret of this matter1 which was a sufficient griefe to cause his death4 ,footnote #a3 i4 ,haue in their clothes4 i4 lice4 ,footnote #b3 i4 ,haue not in hand4 ,but the subject is not a very pleasant one for discussion1 though the occupation alluded to in the ,oriel ,text must have been one of the pastimes of many people in ,early ,england4 ,the book itself1 ,lytill ,johan1 is by a disciple of ,lydgate's--see l4 #cff1 p4 #cf-g--;and contains1 besides1 the usual directions how to dress1 how to behave in church1 at meals1 and when serving at table1 a wise man's advice on the books his little ,jack should read1 the best ,english poets1--then ,gower1 ,chaucer1 ,occleve1 and ,lydgate1--not the ,catechism and ,latin ,grammar4 ,it was very pleasant to come off the directions not to conveye spetell over the table1 or burnish one's bones with one's teeth1 to the burst of enthusiasm with which the writer speaks of our old poets4 ,he evidently believed in them with all his heart2 and it would have been a good thing for ,england if our educators since had followed his example4 ,if the time wasted1 almost1 in ,latin and ,greek by so many middle-class boys1 had been given to ,milton and ,shakspere1 ,chaucer and ,langland1 with a fit amount of natural science1 we should have been a nobler nation now than we are4 ,there is no more promising sign of the times than the increased attention paid to ,english in education now4 ,but to return to our author4 ,he gives ,chaucer the poet's highest gift1 ,imagination1 in these words1 what ever to say he toke in his entente1 his langage was so fayer pertynante1 yt semeth vnto manys heryng not only the worde1 but veryly the thyng4 7l4 #cdc47 ,and though the writer has the bad taste to praise ,lydgate more than ,chaucer1 yet we may put this down to his love for his old master1 and may rest assured that though the cantankerous ,ritson calls the ,bury schoolmaster a 'driveling monk1' yet the larking schoolboy who robbed orchards1 played truant1 and generally raised the devil in his early days 7,forewords to ,babees ,book1 p4 xliv471 retained in later years many of the qualities that draw to a man the boy's bright heart1 the disciple's fond regret4 ,we too will therefore hope that old ,lydgate's sowle be gon 7,to7 the sterred paleys above the dappled skye1 ,ther to syng ,sanctus insessavntly ,emonge the mvses nyne celestyall1 ,before the hyeste ,iubyter of all4 7l4 #cha-e47 ,in old age the present poem was composed 7st4 #fj1 p4 #db-c72 'a lytill newe ,instruccion' to a lytle childe1 to remove him from vice make him follow virtue4 ,at his riper age our author promises his boy the surplusage of the treatise 7st4 #gd1 p4 #ej-a72 and if a copy of it exists1 ,i hope it will soon fall in our way and get into type1 for 'the more the merrier' of these peeps into old boy-life4 ,on one of the grammatical forms of the ,oriel ,,ms41 ,mr ,skeat writes3 ,it is curious to observe the forms of the imperative mood plural which occur so frequently throughout the poem in the ,oriel copy4 ,the forms ending in -eth are about #ca in number1 of which #ag are of ,french1 and #ad of ,a4,s4 origin4 ,the words in which the ending -eth is dropped are #db1 of which #ah are of ,french1 and #bd of ,a4,s4 origin4 ,the three following ,french words take both forms2 avyse or avyseth1 awayte or awayteth1 wayte or wayteth2 and the five following ,a4,s4 words1 be or beth1 kepe or kepeth1 knele or knelyth1 loke or loketh1 make or maketh4 ,thus the poet makes use1 on the whole1 of one form almost as often as the other 7that is1 supposing the scribe to have copied correctly71 and he no doubt consulted his convenience in taking that one which suited the line best4 ,it is an instance of what followed in almost every case of naturalization1 that ,a4,s4 inflections were added to the ,french words quite as freely as to those of native origin4 ,both the -eth and -e forms are commonly used without the word ye1 though4 ,be ye occurs in l4 #eh4 ,in the phrase avise you 7l4 #gh71 you is in the accusative4 ,commenting also on l4 #ga of ,caxton and ,hill1 ,mr ,skeat notices how they have individualised the general 'child' of the earlier ,oriel text3 #ga4 ,here we find child riming to mylde4 ,in most other places it is ,johan4 ,the rime shows that the reading child is right1 and ,johan is a later adaptation4 ,the ,oriel ,,ms4 never uses the word ,johan at all2 it is always child4 ,i may remark also1 that on the question lately raised by ,mr ,bradshaw1 'who before ,hampole1#a or after him1 used you for the nominative as well as the correct ye1' ,hill uses both you and ye1 see l4 #dg1 #ea1 #eb1 c41 though so far as a hasty search shows1 ,lydgate1 in his ,minor ,poems at least1 uses ye only1 as do ,lord ,berners in his ,arthur of ,lytil ,brytayne1 ab4 #aecj1 the ,ormulum1 ,ancren ,riwle1 ,genesis and ,exodus1 ,william of ,palerne1 ,alliterative ,poems1 ,early ,metrical ,homilies1 c4#b ,footnote #a3 ,pricke of ,conscience1 p4 #abg1 l4 #dfei2 and p4 xvii4 ,footnote #b3 ,mr ,skeat holds that in the various reading #c99ow drieth from the ,univ4 ,coll4 ,oxford ,,ms4 7of the early part of the #aeth century7 to the ,vernon ,,ms4 ou drui#c99;est1 l4 #be1 ,passus #a1 of the ,vision of ,piers ,plowman1 the #c99ow is an accusative1 exactly equivalent to the ,gothic in the following passage--'hwana aursjai1 gaggai du mis1 i4e4 whom it may thirst1 let him come to me4' ,john vii4 #cg4 ,i conclude that #c99ow is accusative1 not dative4 ,the same construction occurs in ,german constantly1 'es drstet mich' it thirsts me1 ,i thirst4 ,the final d1 f1 t1 of ,hill's ,,ms41 often have a tag to them4 ,as they sometimes occur in places where ,i judge they must mean nothing1 ,i have neglected them all4 ,every final ll has a line through it1 which may mean e4 ,nearly every final n and m has a curly tail or line over it4 ,this is printed e or n1 though no doubt the tail and line have often no value at all4 ,the curls to the rs are printed e1 because ther with the curly r1 in l4 #eba1 ,hill1 rimes to where of l4 #eai4 ,at the end of ,caxton's final d and g is occasionally a crook-backed line1 something between the line of beauty and the ordinary knocker4 ,this no doubt represents the final e of ,,mss41 and is so printed1 as ,mr ,childs has not the knocker in the fount of type that he uses for the ,society's work4 ,caxton's n stands for un in the -aunce1 -aunte1 of words from the ,french4 ,no stops or inverted commas have been put to ,caxton's text here1 but the stanzas and lines have been numbered1 and side-notes added4 ,the ,book of ,curtesye1 says ,mr ,bradshaw1 is known from three early editions4 ,the first1 without any imprint1 but printed at ,westminster by ,caxton ab4 #adgg-gh1a the only known copy of which is here reproduced4 ,the second 7with the colophon ',here endeth a lytyll treatyse called the booke of ,curtesye or lytyll ,john4 ,emprynted atte ,westmoster'7 is only known from a printer's proof of two pages#b preserved among the ,douce fragments in the ,bodleian4 ,it must have been printed by ,wynkin de ,worde in ,caxton's house ab4 #adib4 ,in the third edition it was reprinted at the end of the ,stans puer ad ,mensam by ,wynkin de ,worde ab4 #aeja-aeaj4 ,the ,cambridge copy is the only one known to remain of this edition4 ,footnote #a3 ,in his type ,no4 #b1 ,blades1 ii4 #fc4 ,footnote #b3 ,in ,caxton's type ,no4 #e1 ,blades1 ii4 #bce 7not #bec as in ,index74 ,i have no more to say3 but1 readers1 remember this coming ,new ,year to do more than last for what ,dr ,stratmann calls the dear ,old ,english4 ,think of ,chaucer when his glad spring comes1 and every day besides2 forget not ,langland or any of our early men3 reporte revyue the lawde of them that were famovs in#a owre langage1 these faders dere1 whos sowles in blis1 god eternall avaunce1 that lysten so#b owre langage to enhavnce6 7,hill1 l4 #dcj-d47 ,footnote #a3 ,founders of1 ,oriel ,,ms4 ,footnote #b3 some1 ,hill2 so1 ,oriel4 #c1 ,st ,george's ,square1 ,n4,w4 #ae ,dec41 #ahfg4 ,the ,book of ,curtesye4 ,the ,book of ,curtesy4 ,from the ,oriel ,,ms4 lxxix4 #a ,lytle childe1 sythen youre tendre infancie ,stondeth as yett vndir yndyfference1 ,to vice or vertu to moven#a or ,applie1 #c ,sidenote #a3 ,,ms4 coorven ,and in suche ,age ther is no prouidence1 ,ne comenly no sadde intelligence1 ,but ryght as wax receyueth printe and figure1 ,so chylder ben disposed of nature1 #b ,vice or vertu to ,folowe and ympresse ,in mynde2 and therfore1 to stere and remeve ,you from vice1 and to vertu thou#a dresse1 #aj ,sidenote #a3 ,read you ,that on to folow1 and the other to eschewe1 ,i haue devysed you this lytill newe ,instruccion according to youre age1 ,playne in sentence1 but playner in langage4 #ad 7,richard ,hill's ,commonplace ,book1 or ,balliol ,,ms4 #ced1 ffl ,c lx47 ,sidenote3 ,hill's ,text4 ,here begynnyth lytille ,iohan4 ,lytelle ,iohan1 sith your tendere enfancye ,stondyth as yet vndere ,indyfference ,to vyce or vertu to mevyn or applie1 in suche age ther#a ys no provydence1 #d ,ne comenly no sage ,intelygence1 ,but as wax receyvith prynt or fygure1 ,so chyldren bene disposed of nature ,footnote #a3 ,the th is the same as the y4 ,vyce or vertu to folowe1 enpresse #h ,in mynde2 therfor to styre remeve you frome vice1 to vertu addresse1 ,that on to folow1 that other to eschewe1 ,i haue devysed you this lytille newe #ab ,instruccion#a accordyng vnto your age1 playn ,in sentence1 but playnere ,in langage4 ,footnote #a3 ,the mark of contraction is over the n3 t4i4 the n has its tail curled over its back like a dog's4 ,the ,book of ,courtesye4 ,caxton's ,text4 #a ,sidenote3 ,leaf #a a4 ,lytyl ,iohn syth your tendre enfancye ,stondeth as yet vnder _/ in difference ,sidenote3 ,as ,infancy is indifferent ,to vice or vertu to meuyn or applye #c ,sidenote3 whether it follows vice or virtue1 ,and in suche age ther is no prouidence ,ne comenly no sade ,intelligence ,but as waxe resseyueth prynte or figure ,so children ben disposide of nature #g #b ,vyce or vertue to folowe ande enpresse ,in mynde _/ ande therfore _/ to styre remeue ,you from vice _/ ande to vertue addresse #aj ,that one to folowe _/ and that other teschewe ,i haue deuysed you _/ this lytyl newe ,sidenote3 ,i have written this new treatise to draw you from vice1 and turn you to virtue4 ,instruccion _/ acordynge vnto your age ,playne in sentence _/ but playner in langage #ad 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,oriel ,,text4 #c ,taketh hede therfore and herkyn what ,i say1 ,and yeueth therto hooly youre aduertence1 ,lette not youre eye be here and youre hert away1 #ag ,but yeueth herto youre besy diligence1 ,and ley aparte alle wantawne insolence1 ,lernyth to be vertues and well thewid2 ,who wolle not lere1 nedely must be lewid4 #ba #d ,afore all thyng1 fyrst and principally1 ,in the morowe when ye#a shall vppe ryse1 ,sidenote #a3 ,,ms4 he4 ,to wyrship god haue in youre memorie2 #bd ,wyth cristis crosse loke ye blesse you thriese1 ,youre pater-nosteir seyth in devoute wyse1 ,aue maria wyth the holy crede1 ,than alle the after the bettir may ye spede4 #bh #e ,and while ye be ,abouten honestely ,to dresse youre-self and don on youre aray1 ,wyth youre felawe well and tretably #ca ,oure lady matens ,avyseth that you say1 ,and this obseruaunce vseth euery day1 ,wyth prime and owris1 and wythouten drede ,the blyssed lady woll graunte you youre mede4 #ce ,sidenote3 ,hill's ,text4 ,take hede therfor1 harken what ,i saye1 geve therto yowre good advertence1 #af lette not your ere be here1 your herte awaye1 ,but pute you therto besy delygence1 ,laying a-parte alle wanton ,insolence1 lernyd to be vertuvs welle thewed2 #bj who wille not lerne1 nedely he must be lewed4 ,afore alle thyng1 pryncypally ,in the mornyng whan ye vp ryse1 ,to worship god haue in memory2 #bd with crystis crosse loke ye blesse ye thryse1 your patere noster say in devoute wyse1 ,aue maria _/ with the holy crede2 ,then alle the day the better shall ye spede4 #bh ,and while ye dresse your selfe1 honestly ,to dresse your selfe do on your araye1 with your felowe welle tretably ,owre lady matens loke that you say2 #cb ,and this observance vse ye euery day1 with pryme owers with-owt drede4 the blessyd lady will quyte you your mede4 ,,caxton',s ,,text4 #c ,take hede therfore _/ and herkne what ,i saye ,sidenote3 ,attend therefore to what ,i say4 ,ande gyue therto _/ your goode aduertence ,lete not your ere be here your herte awaye #ag ,but put ye therto _/ besy diligence ,leynge aparte al wantown ,insolence ,lerneth to be vertuous _/ and wel thewede ,sidenote3 ,learn good manners4 ,who wil not lerne _/ nedely he must be lewed #ba #d ,sidenote3 ,leaf #a b4 ,afore alle thinge _/ ande principally ,in the morenynge _/ whan ye vp rise ,sidenote3 ,on rising1 ,to worshipe gode _/ haue in memorie #bd ,with crystes crosse _/ loke ye blesse you thrise ,sidenote3 cross yourself1 ,your pater noster _/ saye in deuoute wyse ,sidenote3 say your ,pater ,noster1 ,ave1 and ,creed4 ,aue maria _/ with the holy crede ,thenne alle the day _/ the better shal ye spede #bh #e ,and while that ye be aboute honestly ,to dresse your self _/ do on your araye ,sidenote3 ,while dressing1 ,with your felawe _/ wel and tretably #ca ,oure lady matyns _/ loke that ye saye ,sidenote3 say our ,lady's ,matins1 ,ande this obseruance _/ vse ye every daye ,with pryme and ouris _/ withouten drede ,sidenote3 ,prime1 and ,hours4 ,the blesside lady _/ wil quyte you your mede #ce 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,oriel ,,text4 #f ,kembe youre hede and loke ye kepe hit clene1 ,youre eris twayne suffre not foule to be2 ,in youre visage wayteth no spotte be sene1 #ch ,purge youre nase1 let hit not combred be ,wyth foule matiers ,ayenst all oneste1 ,but wyth bare hande no matier from hit feche1 ,for that is a foule and an vncurtays teche4 #db #g ,youre handes wassheth1 that is an holsom thyng1 ,youre nayles loke they be not geet blake1 ,suffre hem not to ben ouer long growyng2 #de ,to youre aray good hede ,i warne you take1 ,that manerly ye seet hit vp and make1 ,youre hode1 youre gowne1 youre hose1 and eke youre scho1 ,wyth all array longyng youre body to4 #di #h ,kepeth clene and leseth not youre gere1 ,and or ye passen oute of youre loggyng1 ,euery garment that ye schulle vppon you were1 #eb ,awayteth welle that hit be so syttyng ,as to youre degre semeth moost on accordyng2 ,than woll men sey1 'for soth this childe is he ,that is well taught and loueth honeste4' #ef ,sidenote3 ,hill's ,text4 ,sidenote3 ffl ,c lx back4 ,kembe your hede1 loke you kepe yt clene2 #cf your eres twayn suffre not fowle to be2 ,in your wysage loke no spote be sene2 purge your nose2 lett no man in yt se ,the vile matter2 yt ys none honeste2 #dj ,ne with your bare hond no fylth from yt feche1 ffor that ys fowle1 an vncurtoys teche4 ,your hondis wasshe2 yt ys an holsom thyng2 your naylis loke they be not gety blake1 #dd ,ne suffre not them over longe growyng4 ,to your ,a-raye ,i warne you good hede take1 ,manerly ffyte loke you yt make2 your hood _/ gowne _/ hosen _/ eke your sho1 #dh with all your araye longyng your body to4 ,kepe you clene1 lose not your gere2 or you passe owt of your lodgyng1 ,euery garment that ye shalle were1 #eb ,awayte welle that yt be so syttyng to your degre semed accordyng2 ,than wille men say1 for sothe this child ys he that ys welle tawght1 loweth honeste4 #ef ,,caxton',s ,,text4 #f ,kembe your hede _/ loke ye kepe it clene ,sidenote3 ,comb your head2 ,your eres tweyne _/ suffre not fowl to be ,sidenote3 clean your ears ,in your visage _/ wayte no spot be sene #ch ,purge your nose _/ lete noman in it see ,sidenote3 and nose2 ,the vile mater _/ it is none honeste ,ne with your bare honde _/ no filth fro it fecche ,sidenote3 don't pick it4 ,for that is fowl _/ and an vncurtoys teche #db #g ,sidenote3 ,leaf #b a4 ,your hondes wesshe _/ it is an holsom thinge ,your naylis loke _/ they be not gety blacke ,ne suffre not hem _/ to be ouer longe growyng #de ,sidenote3 ,wash your hands2 don't keep your nails jet-black or too long4 ,to your araye _/ ,i warne you good hede take ,that manerly ye fytte it vp and make ,sidenote3 ,wear fit clothes1 that fit well ,your hoode4 gowne4 hosyn _/ eke your sho ,with al your aray longyng your body to #di #h ,kepe you clene _/ and lose not your gere ,and or ye passe _/ out of your loggynge ,euery garment _/ that ye shal on were #eb ,awayte wel _/ that it be so syttynge ,as to your degre _/ semeth accordynge ,sidenote3 and suit your station2 ,thenne wil men saye _/ forsoth this childe is he ,sidenote3 the men will praise you4 ,that is wel taught _/ and louyth honeste #ef 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,oriel ,,text4 #ab ,avise you well ,also for eny thyng1 ,the schirche of prayer is the house and place1 ,be ware there-fore of clappe or ,ianglyng1 #hj ,for in the schirche that is full gret trysspace1 ,and ,a token of hem that lacken grace2 ,ther beth demure and kepeth youre sylence1 ,and serueth god wyth all youre deligence4 #hd #ac ,to helpe the prest whan he shall sey the masse1 ,whan hit shall happen you or be-tyde1 ,remeue not ferre ne from his presence passe1 #hg ,kneleth or stondeth deuoutly hym be-syde1 ,and not to nyghe2 youre tounge mooste be applied ,to ,answere hym wyth#a voice full moderate2 ,sidenote #a3 ,,ms4 wyth hym wyth4 ,avyse you well1 my lityll childe1 ,algate #ia #ad ,to mynystre wyth de-voute ,reuerence1 ,loke that ye do youre humble obseruaunce ,debonarly wyth dewe obideence1 #id ,cyrcum-spectly1 wyth euery circumstaunce ,of porte1 of chere1 demevire of countenaunce1 ,remembryng1 the lord aboue is he ,whom to serue is grettest liberte4 #ih ,sidenote3 ,hill's ,text4 ,avyce you welle also for any thynge1 ,the chyrche1 of prayer ys howse place2 be ware therfor of clappe or ,iangelynge1 #hj ffor in the chyrche yt ys a fulle gret trespas1 a token of suche as lacketh grace4 ,ther be ye demvre1 kepe ye scilence1 ,and serve ye god with all your delygence4 #hd ,sidenote3 ffl ,c lxj4 ,to helpe the ,preest whan he sayth masse1 whan yt shalle happen you or betyde1 ,remeve not fer1 ne from his presence passe2 knele or stonde you devovtly hym besyde1 #hh not to nygh3 your tonge mvst be applyde ,to answere hym with woyce moderate4 ,avyce you well1 my lytill child1 algate ,to mynyster with devout reverence2 #ib loke ye do your humble observaunce ,debonerly wyth dewe obedyence1 ,circumspectly with euery circumstavnce ,of poort1 chere of goodly covntenavnce1 #if ,remembryng well the lorde a-bove ys he1 whome to serve ys grettest lyberte4 ,,caxton',s ,,text4 #ab ,auyse you wel also _/ for ony thinge ,the chirche of prayer _/ is hous and place ,beware therfore _/ of clappe or ,iangelynge #hj ,sidenote3 ,don't chatter1 ,for in e chirche _/ it is a ful grate trespaas ,and a token of suche _/ as lackyth grace ,there be ye demure _/ and kepe ye scilence ,sidenote3 but be silent1 and serve ,god4 ,and serue ye god _/ with al your diligence #hd #ac ,sidenote3 ,leaf #c a4 ,to helpe the preest _/ whan he saith masse ,sidenote3 ,when you help the priest at ,mass1 ,whan it shal happen you or betyde ,remeue not fer _/ ne from his presence passe #hg ,knele or stonde ye _/ deuoutly hym besyde ,sidenote3 kneel or stand near him1 ,and not to nygh your tonge muste be applide ,tanswere hym _/ with voys ful moderate ,sidenote3 and answer him in a moderate tone4 ,auyse you wel _/ my lityl childe algate #ia #ad ,to mynystre _/ with deuoute reuerence ,sidenote3 ,minister reverently ,loke ye do _/ youre humble obseruance ,debonairly _/ with due obedyence #id ,circumspectly _/ with euery circumstaunce ,sidenote3 and circumspectly4 ,of poort and chere _/ of goodly countenance ,remembrynge wel the lorde _/ a boue is he ,whom to serue _/ is grettest liberte #ih 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,oriel ,,text4 #ae ,and whan ye speke1 loketh men in the face#a ,sidenote #a3 ,,ms4 visage4 ,wyth sobre chere and goodly semblaunce2 ,cast not youre eye asyde in odir place1 #aja ,for that is a tokyn of wantowne inconstaunce1 ,which wolle appeyre youre name1 and disauaunce2 ,the wyse man seyth1 'who hathe this signes thre ,ne is not like a good man for to be--' #aje #af ',yn hert1' he seyth1 'who that is inconstaunte1#a ,sidenote #a3 ,,ms4 inconstaunce ,a waveryng eye1 glyddryng but sodenly ,from place to place1 and ,a fote#b variaunte#c #ajh ,sidenote #b3 ,,ms4 fore4 ,sidenote #c3 ,,ms4 variaunce4 ,that in no place abydeth stabully-- ,thes ben signes1' the wyse man seyth sekerly1 ',of suche a wyght as is vnmanerly nyce1 ,and is full like dissposed be to vice4' #aab #ag ,and wayte1 my childe1 whan ye stond at the table1 ,of souereyne or maister whether hit be1 ,applieth you for to be seruysable1 #aae ,that no defaute in you may founde be2 ,loke who doth best and hym envyeth ye1 ,and specially vseth attendaunce1 ,whiche is to souereyne thyng of gret plesaunce4 #aai ,sidenote3 ,hill's ,text4 ,and whan ye speke1 loke men in the face with sobre chere goodly semblavnce2 #ajj ,caste not eye a-side in no othere place1 ffor that ys a token of a wanton constavnce which wille apayre your name1 dysavance4 ,the wyse man sayth1 'who hath these thyngis iij1 #ajd ys not lyke a good man for to be3' ',in herte1' he sayth1 'who that ys ,inconstavnte1 ,a waverynge eye1 glydyng sodenly ffro place to place1 a foote varyavnte #ajh that in no place a-bydyth stabli1 ',thyse bene the thyngis1' the wysman sayth sekerly1 ',off suche a wayghte that be vnmanerly nyce1 be fulle lykely dysposed vnto vyce4' #aab ,awayte1 my chyld1 whan ye stonde at table1 ,off mayster or soverayne whether yt be1 ,applye you for to be servysable ,that no defawte in you fownden be2 #aaf loke who dothe best1 hym folow ye1 in especyalle vse ye attendavnce wheryn ye shalle your selfe best avaunce4 ,,caxton',s ,,text4 #ae ,and whan ye speke _/ loke men in the face ,sidenote3 ,when you speak to men1 look 'em in the face4 ,with sobre chere _/ ande goodly semblaunce ,caste not your eye a syde _/ in other place #aja ,for that is a token of wantoun inconstance ,whiche wil appeyre your name disauance ,the wise man saith who hath these thingis thre ,sidenote3 ,the wise ,man says ,is not lyke a goode man for to be #aje #af ,sidenote3 ,leaf #c b4 ,in herte he seith _/ who that is inconstante ,a waueryng eye _/ glydyng sodeynly ,sidenote3 an inconstant man with a wavering eye and a wandering foot ,fro place to place _/ a foot variante #ajh ,that in no place _/ abydeth stably ,these ben e signes _/ the wiseman seith sikerly ,of suche a wight _/ as is vnmanerly nyce ,and is ful likely disposid vnto vyce #aab ,sidenote3 will turn to vice4 #ag ,awayte my chylde _/ whan ye stande atte table ,sidenote3 ,when you serve at table1 ,of maister or souerayn _/ whether it be ,applye you for to be seruysable #aae ,sidenote3 be attentive and tidy1 ,that no defaute in you founden be ,loke _/ who doth best _/ and hym ensiewe ye ,and in especyal _/ vse ye attendaunce ,sidenote3 specially to well-off men4 ,wherein ye shal your self best auaunce #aai 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,oriel ,,text4 #ah ,as ye be comaundyd1 so ye do algate1 ,beth not wyth-oute cause from the tabul absent2 ,hit is plesaunce vnto the gret astate #abb ,to se theyre saruaunt about them present2 ,haunteth no halkes1 for then ye woll be schent4 ,lette maner and ,mesure be youre guydes twey1 ,so shall ye best please1 ,i dare well sey4 #abf #ai ,rewarde all-way the loke and countenaunce ,of youre master1 or of youre souereine1 ,ther shall ye best preue what is plesaunce1 #abi ,and what displesaunce2 this is the soth serteyne1 ,the chere discureth often tyme both twayne1 ,and eke the chere may some tyme you addresse ,in thyng that langage may not an expresse4 #acc #bj ,and what ye here there1 loke ye kepe hit secre1 ,besy report of mystrust is cheff norice2 ,mekell langage may not all fautles be2 #acf ,than doth1 my childe1 as teicheth you the wyse1 ,whiche vnto you this wysdome dothe devise1 ',here and see1 be still in euery prees1#a ,sidenote #a3 ,,ms4 'in euery place and in prees4' ,place was to have been the last word2 and in prees was carelessly added1 instead of striking out place4--,sk4 ,passe forth youre way in silence and in pees4' ,sidenote3 ,hill's ,text4 ,as ye be comavnded1 so do ye algate2 #abj be not cavseles fro the table absente2 yt ys a grete pleasure to the high estate#a ,sidenote #a3 noble1 lord4 ,to se his servaunttes abowte hym presente4 havnte no halke1 for then ye wille be shente2 #abd lette manere mesure be your gydes twayne2 so shalle ye best please1 ,i dare savely sayne4 ,reward also thy loke contenavnce1 ,off your master or of your soverayne1 #abh so shalle ye best preve what ys his plesavnce or ellis his dysplesavnce3 this ys sertayne1 ,the chere discovereth oftyn bothe twayn1 eke the chere sumtyme may yow addresse #acb ,in thyngis the langage may not then expresse4 ,sidenote3 ffl ,c lxj1 back4 ,and that ye here1 loke ye kepe always secre2 besy reporte1 of myschefe ys chese noryse2 ,mykylle langage may not alle fawtles be2 #acf ,then do1 my chyld1 as techeth you the wyse whiche vnto you this lessun doth devyce3 here see1 be stylle in euery prees1 passe forthe your way in scilence in pees4 #adj ,,caxton',s ,,text4 #ah ,as ye be comandede _/ so do ye algate ,be not causeles _/ fro the table absent ,sidenote3 ,don't absent yourself from table1 ,it is a grete plesure _/ to the hyghe estate #abb ,to see his seruantis aboute hym present ,haunte no halke _/ for thenne ye wil be shente ,sidenote3 or stick yourself in a corner4 ,lete maner mesure _/ be your gydes tweyne ,sidenote3 ,let ,manners and ,moderation guide you4 ,so shal ye best plese _/ ,i dar sauely seyne #abf #ai ,sidenote3 ,leaf #d a4 ,rewarde also the loke ande contenaunce ,of your maister _/ or of your souereyne ,sidenote3 ,look at your master's face2 ,so shal ye best preue what is his plesance #abi ,or els displesaunce _/ this is soth serteyne ,sidenote3 that'll show whether he's pleased or not4 ,the chere discouerith _/ often bothe tweyne ,and eke e chere _/ somtyme may you addresse ,in thingis _/ t langage may not them expresse #acc #bj ,ande that ye her loke _/ kepe alway secree ,sidenote3 ,keep secret all you hear4 ,besy reporte _/ of mischief is chief noryse ,mykyl langage _/ may not al fawtles bee #acf ,thenne do my childe _/ as techeth you the wyse ,whiche vnto you _/ this lesson doth deuyse ,here and see _/ ande be stylle in euery prees ,passe forth your way in scilence in pees #adj ,sidenote3 ,hear1 see1 and go your way4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,oriel ,,text4 #ba ,and yit in ,aventure ye1 if the caase require1 ,ye most speke as hit may doo percace2 ,sidenote #a3 ,,ms4 precace4 ,seuen condicions obserue as ye shall hire1 #adc ,avise you well what ye sey and in what place1 ,of whom1 and to whom1 in youre mynde compace2 ,howe ye shall speke1 and whan1 taketh good hede1 ,this counseilleth the wyse man wyth-outen drede4 #bb ,a wayte1 my childe1 ye haue you manerly1 ,whan at youre mete ye sittyn at youre table2 ,in euery pres1 in euery company1 #aej ,disposeth you to be so componable1 ,that men may you reporte for comendable2 ,for tristeth well1 vppon youre bering ,men woll you blame or yeven you preysing4 #aed #bc ,and printeth chiefly in youre memorie1 ,for ,a principalle poynt of feire norture1 ,ye depraue no man absent especially2 #aeg ,seint ,austyn ,amonishith wyth besy cure1 ,howe at the table men shull them assure1 ,that there escapeth them no suche langage1 ,as myght turne other folke to disparage4 #afa 99_/ ,sidenote3 ,hill's ,text4 ,and yet in aduenture1 yf the caas requyre1 ye may speke1 but ye must percaas ,seven#a condycions observe1 as ye may here3 ,sidenote3 ,six they are at p4 #ceh1 ,babees ,book1 of the ,wise ,man4 ,avyce ye welle what ye say1 in what place1 #add ,off whom1 to whom1 in your mynd compace2 how ye shalle speke1 whan1 take good hede3 this cownsyled the wyse man withowten drede4 ,a-wayte1 my chyld1 ye behaue you manerly #adh whan at your mete ye sytte at the table2 ,in euery prees ,in enery cumpany ,dyspose you to be so cumpenable that men may of you reporte for commendable2 #aeb ffor1 trustyth welle1 vpon your beryng ,men wille you blame or gyve praysyng4 ,and prynte ye truly this in your memorye for a pryncypalle poynt of fayer noretvre1 #aef that ye deprave no man absente specyally4 ,saynt ,austyne amonessheth with besy cure1 howe men att table shulde them assure that ther escape them no suche langage #afj ,as myght hurte or bryng folke to disparage4 ,,caxton',s ,,text #ba ,and yet in auenture _/ yf the caas require ,ye may speke _/ but ye muste thenne percaas ,seuen condicions obserue _/ as ye may now hyre #adc ,sidenote3 ,if you must speak1 observe the seven conditions4 ,auyse you wel _/ what ye saye _/ in what place ,of whom _/ to whom in your mynde compace ,how ye shal speke _/ whan take good hede ,this councelith the wise man withoute drede #adg #bb ,sidenote3 ,leaf #d b4 ,awayte my chylde _/ ye be haue you manerly ,whan at your mete _/ ye sitte at the table ,sidenote3 ,when you're at meals1 ,in euery prees and in euery company #aej ,dispose you to be so compenable ,sidenote3 be companionable ,that men may of you reporte for commendable ,for trusteth wel _/ vpon your berynge ,men wil you blame or gyue preysynge #aed #bc ,and prynte ye trewly your memorie ,for a princypal point of fair noreture ,ye depraue no man absent especyally #aeg ,sidenote3 and don't run down absent men4 ,saynt austyn amonessheth with besy cure ,sidenote3 ,st4 ,austin4 ,how men atte table _/ shold hem assure ,that there escape them _/ no suche langage ,as myght other folke hurte to disparage #afa 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,oriel ,,text #bd ,this curteise clarke writeth in ryght this wyse1 ,rebukyng the vice of vile detraccioun2 ',what man hit be that of custome and guise #afd ,hurteth wyth his toung wyth foule corrosioun ,the absent wight1 for that abusioun ,suche detractoure wayue#a from this table ,sidenote #a3 ,a word loss4 ,as vn-worthe1 not to be reprocheable4 #afh #be ,whan ye sitten therfor at youre repaste1 ,annoyethe no man present nor absent1 ,but speketh feyre1 for and ye make waste #aga ,off large langage1 for soth ye most be schent2 ,and wan ye speke1 speketh wyth good entent ,of maters appendyng to myrth and plesaunce1 ,but nothyng that may causen men greuaunce4 #age #bf ,eschewe also taches of foule rauenyng1 ,of gredy lust the vncurteyce appetite2 ,pres not to sone to youre viaunde1 restraine #agh ,youre handis a while wyth manerly respytte2 ,fedith for necessite1 not for delite1 ,demeneth you in mete and drink soo sobrely1 ,that ye be not infecte wyth gloteny4' #ahb ,sidenote3 ,hill's ,text4 ,this curteys clerke wryteth in this wyse1 ,rebukyng the vyce of vyle detraccion3 what may yt be that of custum gvyse #afd hurteth with tonge or by fowle colusyon ,the absente _/ weyne#a ye for that abusyon ,sidenote #a3 or weyne ,suche a detractowre from the table ,as vnworthy also reprocheable4 #afh ,whan ye sytte therfor at your repast1 ,annoye ye no man present nor absente1 but speke ye fewe2 for yff ye make wast of large langage1 for soth ye must be shent4 #agb whan ye speke _/_/ speke with good ,intent ,off maters accordyng vnto plesavnce1 but no thynge that may cavse men grevaunce4 ,eschewe also tacches of fowle ravayne1 of gredy luste2 with vncurteys appetyte #agg prece not to sone2 fro your vyande restrayne your hand a while with manerly respyte2 ffede you for necessyte1 not for delyte4 #ahj ,demene you with mete drynke so soberly ,that ye not be ,infecte wyth glotony4 ,,caxton',s ,,text4 #bd ,this curtoys clerk _/ writeth in this wise ,rebukynge the vice _/ of vyle detraccion ,sidenote3 rebukes the vice of detraction1 ,what man it be _/ that of custom guyse #afd ,hurteth with tunge _/ or by foule colusion ,thabsente _/ weyue ye for that abusion ,suche a detractour _/ from the table ,sidenote3 and bids you turn all backbiters from the table ,as vnworthy _/ and also reprochable #afh #be ,sidenote3 ,leaf #e a4 ,whan ye sitte therfore at your repaste ,annoye ye noman presente nor absente ,but speke ye fewe _/ for yf ye make waste #aga ,sidenote3 ,speak little4 ,of large langage _/ for sothe ye must be shent ,and whan ye speke _/ speke ye with good entent ,sidenote3 and that pleasantly4 ,of maters acordynge vnto plesance ,but nothing _/ that may cause men greuance #age #bf ,eschewe also tacches of foule ,raueyne ,sidenote3 ,don't be ravenous1 ,of gredy luste _/ with vncurteys appetyte#a ,prece not to sone _/ fro your viand restreyne #agh ,your honde a while _/ with manerly respite ,sidenote3 but keep your hands from your food for a time4 ,fede you for necessite _/ not for delite ,demene you with mete _/ drynke so sobrely ,that ye not ben enfecte with glotony #ahb ,footnote #a3 ,orig4 appetyce4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,oriel ,,text4 #bg ,embrewe not youre vesselle ne youre cuppe#a ,sidenote #a3 ,sic4 ,read napery4 ,ouer mesure and maner1 but saue them clene2 ,ensoyle not youre cuppe1 but kepe hit clenely1 #ahe ,lete no fatte ferthyng of youre lippe be sen4 ,for that is foule2 wotte you what ,i mene8 ,or than ye drincke1 for youre owne honeste1 ,youre lippis wepe1 and klenly loke they be4 #ahi #bh ,blowe not in youre drincke ne in youre potage1 ,ne farsith not youre disshe to full of brede1 ,ne bere not youre knyf towarde youre vysage1 #aib ,for there-in is parell and mekell drede4 ,clawe not youre face ne touche not youre hede ,wyth youre bare hande1 sittyng at the table1 ,for in norture that is reprouable4 #aif #bi ,lowse not youre gyrdyll syttyng at youre table1#a ,sidenote #a3 ,sic4 ,read mete4 ,for that is a tache of vncurtesye1 ,but and ye seme ye be enbrasyde streite1 #aii ,or than ye sitte amende hit secrely1 ,so couertly that no wyght hit espie4 ,be ware also no breth from you rebounde ,vppe ne downe1 be ware that shamefull sounde4 ,sidenote3 ,hill's ,text4 ,sidenote3 ffl ,c lxij4 ,enbrewe not your vessell ne your naprye over maner mesure1 but kepe them clene2 #ahd ,ensoyle not your cuppe1 but kepe yt clenly1 lete no farsyone on your lyppis be sene1 ffor that ys fowle2 ye wott what ,i mene4 ,or than ye drynke1 for your own honeste #ahh your lyppys wype1 clenly loke they be4 ,blowe not in your drynke ne in your pottage4 ,ne ferce not your disshe to fulle of brede2 bere not your knyf toward your vysage1 #aib ffor theryn ys perylle mykelle drede2 ,clawe not your visage1 tovch not your hede with your bare honde syttyng at the table1 ffor in norture suche thyngis be reproveable4 #aif ,lose not your gyrdylle syttyng at your mete1 ffor that is a tache of vncurtesye2 but yff ye seme ye be enbrased streyte1 or than ye sytte1 amend yt secretly #bjj ,so wysely that no wyght you aspye4 be ware also no breth fro you rebownd ,vp ne downe1 lest ye were shamfulle fownd4 ,,caxton',s ,,text4 #bg ,enbrewe not your vessel _/ ne your naprye ,sidenote3 ,don't dirty your cloth or cup4 ,ouer maner mesure _/ but kepe hem clene ,ensoyle not your cuppe _/ but kepe it clenlye #ahe ,lete no fat farssine _/ on your lippes be sene ,for that is fowle _/ ye wote what ,i mene ,or than ye drynke _/ for your owen honeste ,sidenote3 ,wipe your lips before you drink4 ,your lippes wype _/ and clenly loke they be #ahi #bh ,sidenote3 ,leaf #e b4 ,blowe not in your drinke ne in your potage ,sidenote3 ,don't blow on your food1 ,ne farse not your dishe to ful of brede ,bere not your knyf _/ to warde your visage #aib ,sidenote3 or put your knife to your face1 ,for therin is parelle _/ and mykyl drede ,clawe not your visage _/ touche not your hede ,sidenote3 or scratch it or your head4 ,with your bare honde _/ sittyng atte table ,for in norture _/ suche thing is reprouable #aif #bi ,lose not your gyrdel _/ sittyng at your mete ,sidenote3 ,don't undo your girdle at table2 ,for that is a tacche _/ of vncurtesye ,but yf ye seme _/ ye be embraced streite #aii ,sidenote3 if it's tight1 let it out before you sit down4 ,or then ye sytte _/ amende it secretly ,so couertly that no wight you espye ,beware also _/ no breth fro you rebounde ,sidenote3 ,don't break wind up or down4 ,vp ne doun _/ leste ye were shameful founde #bjc 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,oriel ,,text4 #cj ,beth huste in chambre1 cilent in the halle1 ,herkenyth well1 yeueth good audience2 ,yef vsher or marchall for eny romour calle1 #bjf ,putting ,ianglers to rebuke and cilence1 ,beth mylde of langage1 demure of eloquence2 ,enforcith you to them confourmyde be1 ,that can most good and haue humanyte4 #baj #ca ,touche not wyth mete salt in the saler1 ,lest folke ,appoynt you of vncunnyngnesse1 ,dresse hit apparte vppon a clene tranchere2 #bac ,force not youre mouth to fulle for wantannesse1 ,lene not vppon the table1 that is but rudesse1 ,and yf ,i shall to you so playnly say1 ,ouer the table ye shull not spette convey #bag #cb ,yif ye be seruid wyth metis delicate1 ,departith wyth youre fellowys in gentyl wyse1 ,the clarke seith1 'nature is content and saciate #bbj ,wyth meane diete1 and lytill shall suffice4' ,departyth therfore1 as ,i to you devise2 ,engrosith not vnto youre silven all1 ,for gentilnesse will ay be lyberall4 #bbd ,sidenote3 ,hill's ,text4 ,be ye husht in chambre1 scylente in halle2 herkyn welle1 geve good audyence #bje yff vsshar or marchalle for any rvmowre calle2 putt ye yanglers to rebuke for scilence4 ,be ye myld of langage1 demvre of eloquence2 #bjh ,enforce you vnto hym conformed to be that can most good1 hathe humanyte4 ,towch not with your mete salte in the saler1 leest folke apoynte you of vnconnyngnesse2 #bab ,dresse yt aparte vpon a clene trenshere4 ffarste not your movth to fulle for wantonesse2 lene not on the table1 for that rvde ys2 yff ,i shalle to you playnly saye1 #baf over the table ye shalle not spetelle conveye4 ,yff ye be servede with metis delycate1 ,departe with your felawe in gentille wyse2 the clerke seyth1 'nature ys content sacyate #bbj with mene dyete1 lytille shalle suffyce2' ,departe therfor1 as ,i you devyce1 ,engrose not vnto yowre selfe alle1 ffor gentylnesse wille ay be lyberalle4 #bbd ,,caxton',s ,,text4 #cj ,be ye husht in chambre _/ scylent in halle ,sidenote3 ,be silent1 ,herken wel ande gyue goode audience ,yf vssher or marchal for ony ,rumour calle #bjf ,put ye ,ianglers to rebuke for silence ,sidenote3 and put chatterers to rebuke4 ,be ye mylde of langage _/ demure of eloquence ,enforce you vnto hym conformed to be ,sidenote3 ,imitate him who has humanity4 ,that can moste good _/ ande hath humanyte #baj #ca ,sidenote3 ,leaf #f a4 ,touche not with your mete _/ salt in the saler ,sidenote3 ,don't dip your meat in the saltcellar1 ,lest folk apoynte you of vnconnyngnesse ,dresse it aparte _/ vpon a clene trencher #bac ,farse not your mouth to ful _/ for wantonesse ,lene not vpon the table _/ for that rude is ,sidenote3 lean on the table1 ,and yf ,i shal to you playnly saye ,ouer the table _/ ye shal not spetel conueye #bag ,sidenote3 or spit over it4 #cb ,yef ye be serued _/ with metes delicate ,sidenote3 ,share dainties with your fellows3 ,departe with your felowe _/ in gentil wise ,the clerck saith _/ nature is content saciate #bbj ,with mene diete _/ and litil shall suffyse ,departe therfore _/ as ,i you deuyse ,engrose not _/ vnto your self alle ,for gentilnes _/ wil aye be liberalle #bbd ,sidenote3 gentleness is liberal4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,oriel ,,text4 #cc ,and wan percace youre seruice is not large1 ,grucchith not wyth frownyng countenaunce1 ,ne maketh not ther-of to mekell charge1 #bbg ,disposeth you to goodly sufferaunce1 ,and what ye haue1 take hit for suffisaunce2 ,holde you pleased wyth that god hath you sent1 ,he hath ,inough#a that can hold hym content4 #bca ,sidenote #a3 ,,ms4 ,inought4 #cd ,burnysh no bonys wyth youre tethe1 be ware1 ,that houndis tecche fayleth of curtesie2 ,but wyth youre knyff make the bonys bare2 #bcd ,handell youre mete so well and so clenly1 ,that ye offenden not the company ,where ye be sette1 as ferre-forth as ye can2 ,remembre well that maner maketh man4 #bch #ce ,and whan your teeth shall cutte youre mete small1 ,wyth open mouth be ware that ye not ete1 ,but loke youre lippis be closede as a wall1 #bda ,whan to #a fro ye trauers youre mete2 ,sidenote #a3 ,,ms4 a4 ,kepe you so close that men haue no conceite ,to seyn of you langage of vilonye1 ,be cause ye ete youre mete vnmanerly4 #bde ,sidenote3 ,hill's ,text4 ,and whan percaas your servyce ys not large1 ,groge not with frownynge covntenavnce1 ,ne make ther-of not to mykylle charge2 ,dyspose you to goodly suffravnce1 #bbh what ye haue1 take yt in suffysavnce2 be you plesid with suche as god hath you sent2 he hath ynowgh at can hold hym contente4 ,sidenote3 ffl ,c lxij back4 ,burnysshe no bonys with your teth1 be ware1 #bcb ,suche howndis tacches fallen of vncurtesye1 but with your knyfe make the bonys bare4 ,handle your mete so welle so clenly ,that ye offende not the company #bcf wher ye be sette1 as ferforthe as ye can1 ,remembryng welle that maners make man4 ,and whan that ye ete your mete smalle1 with open mowth be ware ye not ete1 #bdj but loke _/ your lyppes be closed as a walle2 whan to fro ye traverse your mete1 kepe you so cloos that men haue no conceyte ,to saye of you any langage or vylonye #bdd by cavse ye ete your mete so vnmanerly4 ,,caxton',s ,,text4 #cc ,and whan percaas your seruise is not large ,gruccheth not _/ with frownyng contenaunce ,sidenote3 ,if your helping is not large1 don't grumble1 ,ne make therof _/ not to mykyl charge #bbg ,dispose you to goodly suffraunce ,and what ye haue _/ take it in suffysaunce ,be ye plesid with suche as god hath you sent ,sidenote3 but be content4 ,he hath ynough _/ that can holde hym content #bca #cd ,sidenote3 ,leaf #f b4 ,burnysshe no bones _/ with your teth _/ beware ,sidenote3 ,don't burnish bones with your teeth4 ,suche houndis tacches _/ falle of vncurtesye ,but with your knyf _/ make the bones bare #bcd ,handle your mete _/ so wel and so clenly ,sidenote3 ,handle your food cleanly1 ,that ye offende not the company ,where ye be sette _/ as ferforth as ye can ,remembryng wel _/ that manners make man4 #bch ,sidenote3 for ,manners make ,man4 #ce ,ande whan that _/ ye ete your mete smalle ,with open mouth _/ beware ye not ete ,sidenote3 ,eat with your lips closed ,but loke your lippea _/ be closed as a walle #bda ,whan to ande fro _/ ye trauerse your mete ,kepe you so cloos _/ that men haue no conseite ,to say of you _/ ony langage or vilonye ,bicause ye ete your mete _/ vnmanerly #bde 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,oriel ,,text4 #cf ,be ware1 my child1 of laughing ouer mesure1 ,ye shall not ,also at the borde youre naylis pare1 ,ne pike not youre teth wyth youre knyff1 ,i you ensure1 ,ete at youre messe1 and odir folkes spare2 #bdi ,a glottoun can but make dissches bare1 ,and of ,inough he taketh neuer hede1 ,he fedith for lust more than#a he doth for nede4 ,sidenote #a3 ,,ms4 that4 #cg ,and whan the borde is then as of seruice1 #bec ,not replenyshide wyth gret diuercite1 ,of mete and drincke good chere may than suffice1 ,hit is ,a signe of gret humanite1 #bef ,wyth gladsom chere than fulsom for to be2 ,the poet seyth howe that the poure borde ,men may encrese wyth cherefull wille and worde4 #ch ,and o thing1 my childe1 ,i warne you vndirstonde1 ,specially for youre owne honeste1 ,in the water wasschith so clene youre hande1 #bfb ,that youre towell neuer ensoyled be ,so foule that hit be lothely vnto se2 ,wasschith wyth watire till youre handis be clene1 ,and in youre clothe ther shall no spotte be sene4 ,sidenote3 ,hill's ,text4 ,beware1 my chyld1 of laughynge ouer mesure2 ,ne at the borde ye shalle no nayles pare1 ,ne pyke your teth with knyf1 ,i you ensure4 #bdh ,ete at your messe1 othere folkis spare2 ,a gloton can but make the bonys bare1 of ynowgh he takyth nevere hede1 he ffedyth more for lust than for nede4 #beb ,and whan the borde ys thyn as of servyce1 ,nowght replenysshed with gret dyversite of mete drynke1 gud chere may than suffice1 with honest talkyng2 also owght ye #bef with gladsum chere then fulsome for to be3 ,the poete seyth how that 'a powre borde ,men may enryche with cherfulle wille worde4' #bei ,and on thyng1 my child1 ye vnderstond1 ,in especyalle for your own honeste3 ,in the water wasshe so clene your hond that your towelle never ensoyled be ,so fowle that yt be lothsome on to see2 #bfd wasshe with water your hondis so clene that in the towelle shalle no spote be sene4 ,,caxton',s ,,text4 #cf ,beware my childe _/ of laughyng ouer mesure ,ne at the borde _/ ye shall no naylis pare ,sidenote3 ,don't pare your nails at table1 ,ne pyke your teth _/ with knyf _/ ,i you ensure #bdh ,sidenote3 or pick your teeth with a knife4 ,ete at your messe _/ and other folkes spare ,a gloton can but make the bones bare ,ande of ynough _/ he taketh neuer hede ,he fedith more for lust _/ than for nede #beb #cg ,sidenote3 ,leaf #g a4 ,and whan e borde is thynne _/ as of seruyse ,nought replenesshed with1 grete diuersite ,sidenote3 ,when there are not many dishes1 ,of mete drinke good chere may then suffise #bee ,with honest talkyng _/ and also ought ye ,with gladsom chere _/ thenne fulsom for to be ,sidenote3 be satisfied with chatting cheerily4 ,the poete saith _/ hou that a poure borde ,men may enriche _/ with cheerful wil worde #bei #ch ,and one thyng my chylde _/ ye vnderstonde ,in especyalle _/ for your owne honeste ,in the water _/ wasshe so clene your honde #bfb ,that your towel _/ neuer enfoyled be ,sidenote3 ,wash your hands clean in the water1 so as to leave no dirt on your towel4 ,so fowle _/ that it be lothsom on to see ,wasshe with water _/ your hondes so cleene ,that in the towel shal no spotte be sene #bff 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,oriel ,,text4 #ci ,leue not youre spone in youre dissche standyng1 ,ne vppon the brede hit shall not lie2 ,lette youre trenchoure be clene for eny thyng1 #bfi ,yif ye haue no chaunge1 yit as honestly ,as ye can1 maketh avoydie1 ,so that no fragment from youre trenchoure falle2 ,do this1 my childe1 in chambre and in halle4 #bgc #dj ,whan ,another speketh at the table1 ,be ware ye interrupte#a not is tale nor langage1 ,sidenote #a3 ,,ms4 corruptly has nattiripte4 ,for that is a thing discommendable1 #bgf ,and hit is no signe of folkes sage ,to ben of wordis besy and outrage2 ,for the wyse man seyth pleinly in sentence1 ',he shall be wyse that yevith ,audience4' #bhj #da ,vndre-stondeth ther-fore or than ye speke1 ,printyng in youre mynde clerely the sentence1 ,he that vseth ,a mannes tale to breke #bhc ,lettyth vncurtesly the ,audience1 ,and hurtyth hym-sylf for lacke of silence2 ,he may not yeue answere convenyent ,that herith not fynally what is ment4 #bhg ,sidenote3 ,hill's ,text4 lete not your spone in youre disshe stond1 ,ne vpon the table yt shuld not lye2 #bfh lete your trenchowre be clene for any thyng1 yf ye haue1 change yet as honestly ,as ye can2 make avoyde manerly ,so that no fragment fro your trenchere falle3 #bgb ,do thus1 my child1 in chambere in halle4 ,and whan a-nother man spekyth at the table1 be ware ye interrupte not his langage1 for that ys a thyng on-comendable1 #bgf yt ys not no signe of folkis sage ,to be of langage besy owtrage2 ffor the wyse sayd in his sentence 'he shuld be bold be wyse#a that gevyth audyence4' #bhj ,sidenote #a3 ,in a later hand1 above the line4 ,sidenote3 ffl ,c lxiij4 ,vnderstond therfor or than ye speke2 prynt in your mynde clerly the sentence2 who that vsyth a manys tale to breke1 lettyth vncurteysly alle the audyence #bhd ,and hurteth hym self for lake of scyence2 he maye not geve answere convenyente that heryth not fynally what ys mente4 ,,caxton',s ,,text4 #ci ,lete not your spone _/ in your disshe stonding ,sidenote3 ,don't leave your spoon in your dish or on the table4 ,ne vpon the table _/ it shold not lye ,lete your trenchour _/ be clene for ony thing #bfi ,sidenote3 ,keep your trencher clean4 ,and yf ye haue change _/ yet as honestly ,as ye can _/ make a voyde manerly ,so that no fragment _/ fro your trencher falle ,do thus my childe _/ in chambre in halle #bgc #dj ,sidenote3 ,leaf #g b4 ,and whan another man _/ spekith atte table ,beware ye enterrupte not _/ his langage ,sidenote3 ,don't interrupt man in his talk ,for that is a thinge discomendable #bgf ,ande it is no signe of folkes sage ,to be of langage _/ besy ande outrage ,for the wyse man saide _/ in his sentence ,he sholde be wyse _/ that gyueth audience #bhj #da ,vnderstonde therfore or than ye speke ,prynte in your mynde _/ clerly the sentence ,sidenote3 ,before you speak1 settle in your mind what you have to say4 ,who that vsith _/ a mannes tale to breke #bhc ,letteth vncurteysly _/ alle the audyence ,ande hurteth hym self _/ for lack of science ,he may not gyue answers conuenyente ,that herith not fynally _/ what is mente #bhg 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,oriel ,,text4 #db ,be ware ,also1 my childe1 of rehersaille ,of materis whiche ben at the table mevide2 ,hit grevith ofte and dothe men disavaylle1 #bij ,full many a man that vice hath mysschevide1 ,of evill thyng saide is wors often contrivide2 ,suche reportis alway loke ye esschewe1 ,as may of olde frendis make enemyes newe4 #bid #dc ,avise you well whan ye take youre disporte1 ,honest games that ye haunte and vse1 ,and suche as ben of violente reporte1 #big ,i counsell you1 my childe1 that ye refuse2 ,for trustith well ye shall nout you excuse ,from berchely fest1 yef ,i may you aspie ,playng at#a eny game of rebaudie4 #cja ,sidenote #a3 ,,ms4 or4 #dd ,itt is to ,a goodly childe well syttyng1 ,to vse disportis of myrth and plesaunce1 ,to harpe and lute1 or lustely to syng1 #cjd ,and in the pres ryght manerly to daunce2 ,when men se ,a childe of suche gouernaunce1 ,they seyn1 'gladde may this childes frendis be ,to haue a sone soo manerly as he4' #cjh ,sidenote3 ,hill's ,text4 ,but beware1 my child1 also of rehersayle ,off maters whiche be at the table meved3 #bhi ,it greweth#a ofte1 doth men dysavayle2 ,sidenote #a3 ,the line is over the th4 ffulle many a man that vyce hathe myscheved2 ,off evylle thynke sayd1 ys worse contryved2 #bib ,suche reportes alwaye1 my child1 eschewe1 ,as may of olde frendis make enmyes newe4 ,avyse you welle whan ye take your dysporte1 honeste games that ye hawnt vse2 #bif suche as bene of vyleyns report1 ,i cownselle you1 my child1 that ye refuse2 ffor truste ye welle ye shalle you not excuse ffrom brecheles feste1 ,i may you espye #cjj ,playenge at any game of rebawdrye4 ,ytt ys to a goodly child welle syttyng ,to vse dysportes of myrth plesavnce1 to harpe1 to lute1 or lustyly to synge1 #cjd ,or in the prees right manerly to davnce4 whan men se a child of suche governavnce1 thei saye1 'glade may this childis frendys be ,to haue a child so manerly as ys he4' #cjh ,,caxton',s ,,text4 #db ,but beware my childe _/ also of rehersaylle ,sidenote3 ,don't repeat what you hear at table4 ,of maters _/ whiche ben atte table meuide ,it greuith ofte _/ ande doth men disauayle #bij ,ful many a man _/ t vice hath myscheuide ,of euyl thinge saide _/ is werse contryuide ,suche reportis _/ alway my childe eschewe ,as may of olde frendis _/ make enemyes newe #bid #dc ,sidenote3 ,leaf #h a4 ,aduise you wel whan ye take your disporte ,honest games _/ that ye haunte ande vse ,sidenote3 ,play only at proper games4 ,and suche as ben of vylayns reporte #big ,i counceyl you my chyld _/ that ye refuse ,for truste ye wel _/ ye shal you not excuse ,from brecheles feste _/ and ,i may you espye ,playnge at ony game of ,rybawdrye #cja #dd ,it is to a godly chyld wel syttynge ,to vse disportes of myrthe plesance ,to harpe or lute _/ or lustely to synge #cjd ,sidenote3 ,you should harp1 lute1 sing or dance4 ,or in the prees right manerly to daunce ,whan men se a chyld of suche gouernance ,they saye _/ glad may this chyldis frendis be ,to haue a chylde _/ so manerly as is he #cjh 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,oriel ,,text4 #de ,exersice youre-selfe also in redyng ,of bokys enournede wyth eloquence2 ,ther shall ye fynde both pleasaunce and lernyng1 #caa ,and so ye may in euery good presence ,some what fynde and see as in sentence1 ,that shall accorde the tyme to ocupie1 ,that ye not nede to stondyn idelie4 #cae #df ,itt#a is fare to be cominycatyfe ,sidenote #a3 ,,ms4 ,iit4 ,in matires vnto purpoos according1 ,so that a wight sume not excessyfe1 #cah ,for trusteth well1 hit is tedious thyng ,for to here a childe multiplie talkyng1 ,yif hit be not to the purpose applied1 ,and also wyth goodly termys aleyde4 #cbb #dg ,redith ,gower in his writyng moralle1 ,that auncient faders memorie1 ,redith his bokis clepide 'confessionalle1' #cbe ,wyth many anodir vertuous tretie1 ,full of sentence sette so frutuously1 ,that them to rede shall yeue you corage1 ,so is he fulle of sentence and langage4 #cbi ,sidenote3 ,hill's ,text4 ,excersyse also your selfe in redyng ,off bokes enorned with eloquence1 ther shalle ye fynde both plesyre lernynge1 so that ye may in euery good presence #cab ,some-what fynde as in sentence that shalle accorde the tyme to occupye1 ,that ye not nede to stonde ydellye4 ,it ys fayer to be comynycatyfe ,in maters vnto purpose accordyng1 #cag ,so that a wyghte seme exersyfe2 ffor trustyth welle yt ys a tedyovs thyng ffor to here a child multyply talkyng #cbj yf yt be not to the purpose applyed1 also with goodly termes alyed4 ,redyth gover in his wrytyng moralle1 ,that ,auncyente ffader of memorye1 #cbd ,redyth his bookes called confessyonalle1 with many a-nothere vertuvs tretye ffulle of sentence sett fulle fructvously1 ,that hym to rede shalle geve you covrage1 #cbh he ys so fulle of frute1 sentence1 langage4 ,,caxton',s ,,text4 #de ,excersise your self also in redynge ,of bookes enornede with eloquence ,sidenote3 ,practice reading of eloquent books4 ,ther shal ye fynde _/ bothe plesir lernynge #caa ,so that ye may _/ in euery good presence ,somwhat fynde _/ as in sentence ,that shal acorde _/ the tyme to ocupy ,that ye not nede _/ to stonden ydelly #cae #df ,sidenote3 ,leaf #h b4 ,it is fayr _/ for to be comynycatyf ,in maters vnto purpose acordynge ,sidenote3 ,it is right to talk pertinently1 ,so that a wyght seme excersyf #cah ,for trusteth wel _/ it is a tedyous thynge ,for to here a chylde _/ multeplye talkyng ,yf it be not to the purpose applyede ,sidenote3 but a bore if the talk is irrelevant4 ,ande also with _/ goodly termys alyede #cbb #dg ,redeth gower in his wrytynge moralle ,sidenote3 ,read ,gower's ,that auncyent#a fader of memorye ,sidenote #a3 ,orig4 anucyent4 ,redeth his bookes _/ callede confessionalle #cbe ,sidenote3 ,confessio ,amentis4 ,with many another vertuous trayttye ,ful of sentence _/ set ful fructuosly ,that hym to rede _/ shal gyue you corage ,he is so ful of fruyt1 sentence and langage #cbi 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,oriel ,,text4 #dh ,o ,fader and ,founder of eternate eloquence1 ,that eluminede all this oure britaigne2 ,to sone we lost his lauriate presence1 #ccb ,o lusty licoure of that fulsome fountaigne2 ,cursed deth1 why hast thou this poete slayne1 ,i mene ,fadir chaucers1 mastir ,galfride8 ,allas6 the while1 that euer he from vs diede4 #ccf #di ,redith his bokys fulle of all plesaunce1 ,clere in sentence1 in longage excellent1 ,brefly to wryte suche was his suffesaunce1 #cci ,what-euer to sey he toke in his entent1 ,his longage was so feyre and pertinent1 ,that semed vnto mennys heryng1 ,not#a only the worde1 but verrely the thing4 #cdc ,sidenote #a3 ,,ms4 ,but4 #ej ,redith1 my child1 redith his warkys all1 ,refuseth non1 they ben expedient2 ,sentence or langage1 or both1 fynde ye shall #cdf ,full delectable1 for that fader ment ,of all his purpos and his hole entent ,howe to plese in euery audience1 ,and in oure toung was well of eloquence4 #cej ,sidenote3 ,hill's ,text4 ,sidenote3 ff ,c lxiij back4 ,o fader fownder of ornate eloquence that ,illumyned hast alle owre bretayne6 ,to sone we loste thy lavreat science1 #ccb ,o lusty lyqvovre of that fulsum fontayne6 ,o cursed deth6 why hast thou that poete slayne1 ,i mene fader chavucer1 mayster galfryde8 ,alas the while that ever he from vs dyed6 #ccf ,redyth his werkes fulle of plesavnce1 ,clere in sentence1 ,in langage excellente3 ,bryefly to wryte1 such was his suffysavnce1 ,what-evere to say he toke in his entente1 #cdj his langage was so fayere pertynente1 yt semeth vnto manys heryng ,not only the worde1 but veryly the thyng4 #cdc ,redyth1 my child1 redyth his bookes alle1 ,refusith ,non1 they ben expedyente2 sentence or langage1 both fynd ye shalle2 ffulle delectabl that good fader mente1 for alle his purpose his hole entente #cdh was how to please in euery audyence1 ,in owre tonge was welle of ,eloquence4 ,,caxton',s ,,text4 #dh ,sidenote3 ,leaf #afc1 back4 ,o fader and founder of ornate eloquence ,sidenote3 and the ,father and ,founder of ,eloquence1 ,that enlumened hast alle our bretayne ,to soone we loste _/ thy laureate scyence #ccb ,o lusty lyquour _/ of that fulsom fontayne ,o cursid deth _/ why hast thou t poete slayne ,i mene fader chaucer _/ maister galfryde ,sidenote3 mayster ,galfryde ,chawcer1 ,alas the whyle _/ that euer he from vs dyde #ccf #di ,sidenote3 ,leaf #i a4 ,redith his werkis _/ ful of plesaunce ,sidenote3 whose works are full of pleasaunce1 ,clere in sentence _/ in langage excellent ,briefly to wryte _/ suche was his suffysance #cci ,what euer to saye _/ he toke in his entente ,his langage was so fayr and pertynente ,it semeth vnto mannys heerynge ,not only the worde _/ but verely the thynge #cdc ,sidenote3 whose language seems not only words1 but truly things4 #ej ,redeth my chylde _/ redeth his bookes alle ,refuseth none _/ they ben expedyente ,sidenote3 ,read all his books2 refuse none3 ,sentence or langage _/ or bothe fynde ye shalle #cdf ,ful delectable _/ for that good fader mente ,sidenote3 he is delightful4 ,of al his purpose _/ and his hole entente ,how to plese in euery audyence ,and in our tunge _/ was welle of eloquence #cej 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,oriel ,,text4 #ea ,beholde ,oclyff in his translacion1 ,in goodly langage and sentence passing wyse1 ,yevyng the prince suche exortacion #cec ,as to his highnesse he coude best devyse4 ,of trouth1 peace1 of mercy1 and of ,iustice1 ,and odir vertuys1 sparing for no slouthe ,to don his devere1 and quiten hym1 as trouth #ceg #eb ,required hym1 anenste his souereyne1 ,most dradde and louyd1 whos excellent highnesse ,he aduertysede by his writing playne1 #cfj ,to vertue perteynyng to the nobles ,of a prince1 and berith wyttenesse ,his trety entitlede 'of regyment1' ,compyled of most entier true entent4 #cfd #ec ,loketh ,also vppon dan ,iohn lidgate1 ,my mastire1 whilome clepid monke of bury1 ,worthy to be renownede laureate1 #cfg ,i pray to gode1 in blis his soule be mery1 ,synging ',rex ,splendens1' the heuenly 'kery1' ,among the muses ix celestiall1 ,afore the hieghest ,iubiter of all4 #cga ,sidenote3 ,hill's ,text4 ,behold ,ocklyf in his transslacion1#a ,sidenote #a3 transflacion ,in goodly langage sentence passyng wyse #ceb howe he gewyth his prince such exortacion ,as to the hyeste he covld best devyse ,off trowth _/ pees _/ mercy _/ ,iustyse1 vertu1 lettyng for no slowth #cef ,to do his devoyre qvyte hym his trowth4 ,requyre hym ,as ,agaynst his soverayne1 moste ,drade loved1 whose excellent hyenes he advertysed by his wrytyng playne #cfj ,to vertu aperteynyng to nobles ,off a prince1 as beryth god wytnes1 hys treatye entytled of regemente1 ,compyled of entyer trewe entente4 #cfd ,loke also than vpon ,iohan lydgate1 ,my mayrster1 whylom monke of bury1 worthy to be renomed ,as poete lavreate2 ,i pray to god in blysse his sowle be mery1 #cfh ,syngyng _/ ,rex splendens _/ that hevenly ,kyrye1 ,amonge the mvses nyne celestyalle be-fore the hyghest ,iubyter of alle1 ,,caxton',s ,,text4 #ea ,beholde ,ocklyf in his translacion ,sidenote3 ,read ,occleve too1 ,in goodly langage _/ sentence passyng wyse ,how he gyueth his prynce _/ suche exortacion #cec ,sidenote3 who gave his ,prince such wise advice ,as to the hyest _/ he coude best deuyse ,of trouthe4 pees4 mercy4 and ,iustise ,and vertues _/ leetyng for no slouthe ,to do his deuoir quite him of his trouthe #ceg #eb ,sidenote3 ,leaf #i b4 ,requirede hym _/ as ayenst his souerayne ,most drade louyde _/ wos excellent hyeues ,he aduertysede _/ by his wrytynge playne #cfj ,to vertu _/ apperteynyng to nobles ,of a prynce _/ as bereth goode witnes ,his traytye _/ entitlede of regymente ,sidenote3 in his treatise ,de ,regimine ,principum4 ,compylede of entyer trewe entente #cfd #ec ,loke also _/ vpon dan ,iohn lydgate ,my maister whylome _/ monke of berye ,sidenote3 ,john ,lydgate1 too1 my master4 ,worthy to be renomede _/ as poete laureate #cfg ,i praye to gode in blysse his soule be mercy ,syngynge ,rex splendens that heuenly kyrye ,sidenote3 ,i pray ,god his soul is singing ,rex splendens4 ,amonge the muses nyne celestyalle ,byfore the hyest ,iubyter of alle #cga 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,oriel ,,text4 #ed ,i not why deth my mastire dide envie1 ,but for he shulde chaunge his habite2 ,pety hit is that suche a man shulde die6 #cgd ,but nowe ,i trist he be a carmylite2 ,his amyse blacke is chaunged into white1 ,among the muses ix celestiall1 ,afore the hieghest ,iubiter of all2 #cgh #ee ,passing the muses all of elicone1 ,where is ynympariable of ,armonye1 ,thedir ,i trist my mastir-is soule is gone1 #cha ,the sterrede palays aboue dapplede skye1 ,ther to syng 'sanctus' incessantly ,among the muses ix celestiall1 ,affore the highest ,iubiter of all4 #che #ef ,redith is volumes that ben so large and wyde1 ,souereynly sitte in sadnesse of sentence1 ,elumynede wyth colouris fresshe on euery syde1 #chh ,hit passith my wytte1 ,i haue no eloquence ,to yeue hym lawde aftir his excellence1 ,for ,i dare say he lefte hym not on lyue1 ,that coude his cunnyng suffisantly discreue4 #cib ,sidenote3 ,hill's ,text4 ,omitted4 ,see ,preface1 p4 ii #cgb #cgf ,passyng the mvses nyne of elycon1 ,wher ys no pareylle of ,armonye2 #chj ,thyder ,i trust my ,maysters sowle be gon1 ,the sterred paleys above the dappled skye1 ,ther to syng snactus insessavntly #chd ,emonge the mvses nyne celestyalle1 ,before the hyeste ,iubyter of alle4 ,redyth hys volumes that be large wyde1 ,severyly sette in sadnes of sentence1 ,enlumined with colovres fresshe on euery side4 #chh ,sidenote3 ffl ,c lxiiij4 ,me lakketh wytt1 ,i haue non eloquence1 ,to geve hym lawde after his excellence1 ffor ,i dare saye he lefte hym not alyve ,that covde his cunyng ssufficiently discryve4 #cib ,,caxton',s ,,text4 #ed ,omitted4 ,see ,preface1 p4 ii4 #cgd #cgh #ee ,passynge the muses nyne of ,elycon ,where is non pareyl of armonye ,thider ,i truste my meistres soule begone #cha ,the sterride paleys _/ aboue the dapplyd skye ,sidenote3 in the starred palace above the dappled sky1 before the ,there to synge sanctus incessantly ,amonge the muses ix celestyalle ,byfore the hyest _/ ,iubiter of alle #che ,sidenote3 highest ,jupiter of all4 #ef ,sidenote3 ,leaf #aj a4 ,redeth his volumes _/ that ben large wyde ,sidenote3 ,read his large volumes ,seueryly set _/ in sadnes of sentence ,enlumyned with colours fressh on euery side #chh ,sidenote3 illuminated with fresh colours4 ,me lacketh witte _/ ,i haue none eloquence ,to gyue hym lawde _/ after his excellence ,for ,i dar saye _/ he lefte hym not a lyue ,that coude his connyng _/ sufficiently discriue #cib 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,oriel ,,text4 #eg ,but his werkys his laude moste nede conquere1 ,he may neuer oute of remembrance die1 ,his werkys shall his name#a conuey and bere #cie ,sidenote3 ,,ms4 here repeats werkys4 ,aboute the world all-most eternallie2 ,lette his owne werkys prayse hym and magnifie2 ,i dare not preyse1 for fere that ,i offende1 ,my lewde langage shuld rather appeyre than amend4 #eh ,lo1 my childe1 thes good faders ,auncient ,repide the feldis fresshe of fulsumnesse1 ,the floures feyre they gadderid vp and hent1 #djb ,of siluereus langage the tresoure and richesse2 ,who wolle hit haue1 my litle childe1 doutelesse ,must of hem begge1 ther is no more to say1 ,for of oure toung they were bothe locke and key4 #ei ,there can no man there fames nowe disteyne1 ,thanbawmede toung and aureate sentence1 ,men gette hit nowe by cantelmele1 and gleyne #dji ,here and there wyth besy diligence1 ,and fayne wolde riche the crafte of eloquence2 ,but be the glaynes is hit often sene1 ,in whois feldis they glayned haue and bene4 #dac ,sidenote3 ,hill's ,text4 ,but his werkes his lavde must nede conquere2 thei may never owt of remembravnce dye2 hys werkes shalle his name conveye bere ,abowte the world almoste eternelly4 #cif lete his owne werkis prayse hym1 magnyfye2 ,i dare not prayse1 leest for fere ,i offende2 ,my langage shuld rathere apayere than amend4 ,loo1 my child1 this faders avncyente ,repen the fyldes ffresshe of fulsomnes2 #dja the flowres fresshe thei gadered vp1 hente4 ,off syluer langage the greate ryches who wille yt haue1 my child1 dowtles #djd ,muste of them bege3 there ys no more to saye1 ffor of owre tonge thei were both loke keye2 ,ther can no man ther werkes dysteyne3 ,the enbamed tonge avreat sentence1 #djh ,men gete yt now by cantelmele1 glene here there by besy delygence1 fayne wold reche ther crafte of eloqvence2 by the gleyne ytt ys fulle ofte sene #dab ,in whose fylde the gleners haue bene4 ,,caxton',s ,,text4 #eg ,but his werkis _/ his laude _/ must nede conquere ,sidenote3 ,his works ,they may neuer _/ out of remembraunce dye ,his werkis shal his name conueye bere #cie ,aboute the worlde _/ almost eternely ,sidenote3 shall bear his name about the world almost eternally4 ,lete his owen werkis preyse hym magnefie ,i dar not preyse _/ for fere lest ,i offende ,my langage _/ shold rather apeyre than amende #cii #eh ,sidenote3 ,leaf #aj b4 ,loo my childe _/ these faders auncyente ,repen the feldes fresshe of fulsomnes ,sidenote3 ,these fathers reaped the fields1 ,the flours fresh they gadred vp hente #djb ,sidenote3 and gathered the flowers4 ,of siluer langage _/ the grete riches ,who wil it haue my lityl childe doutles ,muste of hem begge _/ ther is no more to saye ,sidenote3 ,he who wants silver words must beg of them4 ,for of our tunge _/ they were both lok kaye #djf #ei ,ther can noman now her werkis disteyne ,the enbamed tunge _/ and aureate sentence ,men gete it now _/ by cantelmele gleyne #dji ,sidenote3 ,now we only glean1 ,here and there by besy diligence ,and fayne wold reche _/ her craft of eloquence ,and by the gleyne _/ it is ful oft sene ,in whos felde _/ the gleyners haue bene #dac ,sidenote3 and by the gleaning one sees in whose fields the gleaners have been4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,oriel ,,text4 #fj ,as vnto me ,age hath bede good morowe1 ,i am not able clenly for to gleyne1 ,nature is feyne of crafte here eien to borowe1 #daf ,me fayleth clerenesse of myn eien tweyne2 ,begge ,i may1 ,i can no gleyn certeyn1 ,ther-for that werke ,i wolle playnly remytte ,to folke yong1 more persaunt clere of wytte4 #dbj #fa ,and syke also1 and in case ye fynde ,suche gleynes fresch as hath some apparence ,of fayre langage1 yet take them and vnbynde1 #dbc ,and preueth what they beth in existence1 ,coloured in langage1 savory in sentence1 ,and douteth not1 my childe1 wythoute drede1 ,hit woll profite such thyng to se and rede4 #dbg #fb ,yit eft-sonnys1 my childe1 let us resorte ,to the intente of oure fyrst matiere ,digresside1 somwhat fulle we wolld reporte1 #dcj ,and reuyue the lawde of them that were ,founders of oure langage1 thilke fadyrs dere1 ,who-is soulis god aboue in blesse inhaunce ,that lusten so oure langage to ,avaunce4 #dcd ,sidenote3 ,hill's ,text4 ,and unto my age bot good morowe ,i am not able clerly for to gleyne1 ,nature ys fayne of crafte her eyen to borow2 #daf ,me lakketh clernes of myne eyen twayne2 ,begge ,i may _/ gleyne ,i may not certeyne2 therfore that werke ,i wille playnly remytte ,to folkis yong1 more passyng clere of wyte4 #dbj ,seche ye therfore1 in caas ye fynde suche glenars fresshe as haue sum apparens ,off fayer langage1 yet take them1 vnbynde1 preve ye what thei be in existence #dbd ,colovred in langage1 saverly in sentence1 dowte not1 my child1 with-owt drede yt wille profet to se such thyngis1 rede4 #dbg ,ye1 efte-soones1 my child1 let vs resorte ,to the yntent of your fyrst matere ,degressed somwhat1 for we wolde reporte revyue the lawde of them that were famovs in owre langage1 thise faders dere #dcb whos#a sowles in blis1 god eternalle avaunce1 ,sidenote #a3 ,the s is by a later hand4 that lysten sone owre langage to enhavnce6 ,,caxton',s ,,text4 #fj ,and vnto me _/ age hath bode good morowe ,i am not able clenly _/ for to gleyne ,sidenote3 ,i cannot glean1 ,nature is fayn of craft _/ her eyen to borowe #daf ,me lacketh clerenes _/ of myn eyen tweyne ,begge ,i maye _/ gleyne ,i can not certeyne ,sidenote3 ,i can only beg3 ,therfore t werck _/ ,i wil playnly remytte ,to folkis yong _/ more passyng clere of witte #dbj ,sidenote3 gleaning ,i give up to younger folks4 #fa ,seche ye therfore _/ and in caas ye fynde ,sidenote3 ,if you find such gleaners1 ,such gleynors fressh as haue som apparence ,of fayr langage _/ yet take hem unbynde #dbc ,sidenote3 unbind their sheaves3 ,and preue ye _/ what they be in existence ,colourd in langage _/ sauerly in sentence ,sidenote3 their fair speech ,and doubte not my childe _/ withoute drede ,it wil prouffite to see suche thingis rede#a #dbg ,sidenote3 will profit you4 ,footnote #a3 ,a hole in the paper4 #fb ,sidenote3 ,leaf #aa a4 ,yet eft sones my childe _/ lete vs resorte ,sidenote3 ,but let us return to our first subject4 ,to thentente of yur first matere ,degressed somwhat _/ for we wold reporte #dcj ,and reuiue the laude of hem that were ,famous in our langage _/ these faders dere ,whos sowles in blysse _/ god eternel auaunce ,that lysten so our langage to enhaunce #dcd 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,oriel ,,text4 #fc ,than1 litle childe1 ,i councelle you that ye ,take hede vnto the norture that men vse1 ,newe founden or ,auncient whether hit be1 #dcg ,so shall no man youre curteyse refuse2 ,the guise and custome shall you1 my childe1 excuse2 ,mennys werkys haue often entirchaunge1 ,that nowe is norture1 sumtyme had ben full straunge4 #fd ,thinges whilome vside ben layde aside1 ,and new fetis dayly ben contryvyde1 ,mennys actes can in no plight abyde1 #ddd ,they ben chaungeable and oft mevide1 ,thing some-tyme alowide is nowe reprevide1 ,and aftir this shall thingis vppe aryse1 ,that men sette nowe but at litle a prise4 #ddh #fe ,thus mene ,i1 my childe1 that ye shull vse and haunte ,the guise of them that don most manerly1 ,but be ware of vnthrefte ruskyn galaunte1 #dea ,counterfetoure vncunnyng of curtesie1 ,his tecches ben infecte wyth vilonye1 ,vngerde1 vnblesside1 seruyng at the table1 ,me semeth hym seruaunt full pendable4 #dee ,sidenote3 ,hill's ,text4 ,sidenote3 ffl ,c lxiiij back4 ,then litille ,iohn1 ,i consayle you that ye ,take hede to the nortvres that men vse1 #dcf newe fownd or avncyent1 whether yt be2 ,so shalle no man your curtesye refuse2 the gyse custum1 my child1 shalle you excuse4 ,menys werkes haue oftyn enterchavnce2 #ddj that now ys norture1 somtyme hath be stravnge2 ,thyngis whylom vsed be now layd a-syde1 newe fetes dayly be contryved3 ,menys actes can in no plyte abyde1 #ddd ,they be chavngable ofte meved2 thynges sumtyme alowed be now repreved2 after this shall thynges vp a-ryse that men sett now but at lytille pryse3 #ddh ,this mene ,i1 my child1 that ye shalle havnte the gyse of them that do most manerly2 but be ware of onthryft#a ruskyn gallavnte1 ,sidenote #a3 ,a later hand has added y4 ,conterfetter#b of vnconnyng curtessy1 #deb ,sidenote #b3 ,the r is by a later hand4 hys taches ben enfecte with vylonye2 ,vngerte _/ vnblessed _/ servyng at table1 ,me semeth hym a servavnte no thyng able2 ,,caxton',s ,,text4 #fc ,thenne lityl ,iohn _/ ,i counceyl you that ye ,sidenote3 ,little ,jack1 ,take hede to the norture _/ that men vse ,sidenote3 take heed to the manners of your time1 ,newe founde _/ or auncyent whether it be #dcg ,so shal no man _/ your curtoisye refuse ,the guyse custom _/ my child shal you excuse ,menys werkis _/ haue often enterchange ,sidenote3 for customs change1 ,that nowe is norture _/ somtyme had be strange #dda #fd ,thingis whilom vsed _/ ben now leyd a syde ,and newe feetis _/ dayly ben contreuide ,sidenote3 new ways are invented every day1 ,mennys actes _/ can in no plyte abyde #ddd ,they be changeable ande ofte meuide ,thingis somtyme alowed _/ is now repreuid ,and after this _/ shal thinges vp aryse ,sidenote3 and will be hereafter4 ,that men set now _/ but at lytyl pryse #ddh #fe ,sidenote3 ,leaf #aa b4 ,this mene ,i my childe _/ t ye shal haunte ,the guyse of them _/ that do most manerly ,but beware of vnthryft ,ruskyn galante #dea ,sidenote3 ,imitate the well-mannered1 and beware of ruskyn gallants ,counterfeter of vnconnyng curtoisye ,his tacchis ben enfecte with vilonye ,sidenote3 of bad habits1 ,vngyrte4 vnblyssed4 seruyng atte table ,sidenote3 serving ungirt1 ,me semeth hym a seruant nothing able #dee 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,oriel ,,text4 #ff ,wynter ne somer to his souerayne ,chappron hardy no bonet lust avale1 ,for euery worde yeuyng his maister tweyne1 #deh ,vaunparlere in euery mannes tale1 ,absolon wyth the disculede heres smalle2 ,lyke to ,a presener of seint ,malouse1 ,a sonny bush myght cause hym to goo louse4 #dfb #fg ,o ,i passe norture6 fy6 fy6 for schame6 ,i shuld haue seide he myght go hauke and hunt1 ,for that schuld be ,a gentilmannys game1 #dfe ,to suche disportis thes gentis folkys be wounte2 ,i seide to ferre1 my langage was to blounte1 ,but of this galaunte1 loo6 loke a while fele1 ,he feccheth his compace whan he shall bowe or knele1 #fh ,braced so straytly that he#a may not plie1 ,sidenote #a3 ,,ms4 the4 ,but gaderith hit in by maner of wyndlese1 ,and #c99;if he wrenche aside or lytil wrye1 #dgb ,his gere stonte all in pertous#b case1 ,sidenote #b3 ,read perlous8 ,the scho1 the hose1 the point1 doublet1 and lace2 ,and if ought breke1 somme thinges#c that ben badde ,sidenote #c3 ,read tounges4 ,shall sey anon1 'a knaue hath broke a ladde4' #dgf ,sidenote3 ,hill's ,text4 ,wynter somer to his soverayne ,capron hardy1 no bonet lyst to avayle1 #deg ,for euery worde geveyng his mayster twayne1 avavntparler ,in euery manys tale1 ,absolon with disheveld heres smale1 #dfj lyke to a prysoner of saynt malowes1 ,a sonny busshe able to the galowes4 ,o6 ,i passe nortvre6 fy1 fy1 for sham6 ,i myght haue said he shuld go havke honte1 #dfd ffor that shuld be a gentylmanis game1 ,to suche dysportis gentille folkis be wonte2 ,i sayd to ferre1 my langage was but blonte2 but yet1 sir gallavnt1 whan ye shalle bowe or knele #dfh he goth by compasse rovnd as doth a whele4 ,brased so streyte at he may not plye1 but gaderyth yt by manere of a wyndlas2 he awght wrench a-side1 or a litille wrye1 #dgb hys gere stondyth them in fulle parlovs caas1 hys sho _/ his hose _/ doblet1 poynt laas2 yff owght breke1 sum tonges that be bade wille moke say1 ,a knave hath broke a lade4 #dgf ,,caxton',s ,,text4 #ff ,wynter and somer to his souereyne ,capron hardy _/ no bonet lyste to auale ,sidenote3 not doffing his cap to his master1 ,for euery word _/ gyuing his maister tweyne #deh ,auauntparler _/ in euery mannys tale ,sidenote3 forward in speech1 ,absolon with disheueld heeris smale ,sidenote3 rough-haired1 ,lyke to a prysoner of seynt malowis ,sidenote3 and lousy-headed1 ,a sonny busshe _/ able to go to the galowis #dfb #fg ,o ,i passe norture fy fy for shame ,sidenote3 7though it's hardly good manners to say so47 ,i myght haue said he shold go hauke honte ,for that shold be a gentilmans game #dfe ,to such disportes _/ gentil folkes be wonte ,i sayd to ferre _/ my langage was to blonte ,but yet sir galante whan ye shal bowe or knele ,sidenote3 ,when he tries to kneel1 he works round like a wheel1 ,he goth by compace round as doth a whele #dfi #fh ,sidenote3 ,leaf #ab a4 ,braced so strayt _/ that he may not plye ,sidenote3 being braced so tight that he can't bend4 ,but gaderith it _/ by maner of a wyndelas ,and he ought wrenche a syde _/ or a litil wrie #dgb ,sidenote3 ,if he twists1 a lace is like to crack4 ,his geer stondeth thenne _/ in ful parlous caas ,his sho _/ his hose _/ doblet _/ point laas ,and yf ought breke _/ somme tunges t be bade ,wil mocke saie _/ a knaue hath broke a lad #dgf 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,oriel ,,text4 #fi ,lat galaunte go1 ,i mene1 recheles ruskyn2 ,take hede1 my childe1 to suche as ben cunnyng1 ,so shall ye wyrship best conquere and wynne1 #dgi ,enforsith you in all youre demenyng ,to sewe vertu1 and#a from foly declynyng2 ,sidenote #a3 ,omit and ,and1 my childe1 that ye loue of honeste4 ,which is accordyng wyth humanyte4 #dhc #gj ,that is1 to you to vndirstond ,and knowe1 ,that youre aray be manerly and resonable1 ,not appeissh knawen#a and to mowe1 #dhf ,sidenote #a3 ,sic4 ,in nyse aray that is not couenable1 ,fetis founde be folkys vnprofitable1 ,that maketh this worlde so pleynly transformate1 ,that men semen almost effeminate4 #dij #ga ,pley not ,iakke m,alaperte1 that is to sey1 ,be ware of presumpcioun1 be ware of pride1 ,take not the fyrst place1 my childe1 be no way1 #dic ,till odir be sette manerly abyde1 ,presomcion is often sette asyde1 ,and ,avalith from his highe#a de-gre1 ,sidenote #a3 ,,ms4 hight4 ,and he sette vppe that hath humanite4 #dig ,sidenote3 ,hill's ,text4 ,lete gallant go6 ,i mene1 recheles ruskyn3 ,take hede my child to suche as be connyng1 so shalle ye best worship conqvere wynne2 ,enforce you in alle your demenyng #dhj ,to folowe vertu1 fro foly declynnyng2 weyte welle that ye love honeste which ys accordyng vnto humanyte4 ,sidenote3 ,ihu #aejc per ,richard ,hill3 ffl ,c lxv ,that ys for you to vnderstond knowe1 that your araye be manerly resonable1 #dhe ,not apysshe ynto moke ne to mowe2 ,to nyce araye that ys not commendable1 ffetys1 newe fonden by foolis vnprofytable1 #dhh that make the worlde so playnly transformate that men semen ,almost enfemynate4 ,playe not ,iacke maleperte1 that ys to say1 be ware of presumpcion1 be ware of pryde2 #dib take not the first place1 my child1 by the waye2 tille oder be sette1 ryght manerly a-byde1 presumtvous be ofte sette a-syde alle day avaled1 as men may see1 #dif he ys sette vp that hath humylyte4 ,,caxton',s ,,text4 #fi ,lete galante go _/ ,i mene recheles ruskyn ,sidenote3 ,let ,reckless ,ruskyn go6 ,take hede my chyld to suche as be connyng ,sidenote3 ,you follow skilful men1 ,so shal ye best worship conquere wynne #dgi ,enforce you in al your demenynge ,to folowe vertu _/ fro folye declynynge ,sidenote3 virtue and ,and waite wel that ye loue honeste ,sidenote3 honesty4 ,whiche is acordynge#a vnto humanyte #dhc ,footnote #a3 ,orig4 accrdynge4 #gj ,sidenote3 ,leaf #ab b4 ,that is for you _/ to vnderstonde knowe ,that your araye _/ be manerly resonable ,sidenote3 ,don't dress ,not apysshe _/ on to mocken ne to mowe #dhf ,sidenote3 apishly ,to nyce araye _/ that is not commendable ,sidenote3 or foppishly4 ,fetis newe founden#a by foolis vnprouffitable ,that make e world so plainly transformate ,that men semen almoste enfemynate #dij ,footnote #a3 ,orig4 fonuden4 #ga ,playe not ,iack malapert _/ that is to saye ,sidenote3 ,don't play ,jack ,malapert1 that is1 ,beware of presumpcion _/ beware of pryde#a ,sidenote3 don't be presumptuous4 ,take not e first place my child by the waye #dic ,tyl other be sette _/ right manerly abyde ,sidenote3 ,wait till others are seated4 ,presumptuous ben often set a syde4 ,ande alleday aualyde _/ as men may see ,and he is sette vp _/ that hath humylyte #dig ,footnote #a3 ,orig4 pryte4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,oriel ,,text4 #gb ,to#a cunnyng persones regarde ye take1 ,sidenote #a3 ,,ms4 ,the4 ,where ye be sette in right atentif wyse1 ,connyng folke cunnyng folke shulde make1 #ejj ,to theire goodnesse ye shalle make youre summise1 ,and as thei do1 ye mosten deuyse2 ,for this1 my childe1 is as the gospell treue1 ,whoo wolle be cunnyng muste the cunnyng sewe4 #gc ,and o thing ,i charge you speciallie1 ,to womanhode good kepe you take alway1 ,and them to serue loke that ye haue an eie1 #ejg ,ther comaundementis1 my childe1 loke ye obey1 ,plesaunt wordis to them ,i warne you saye1 ,and in all wyse do youre dilligence1 ,to do them plesure1 honoure1 and reuerence4 #eaa #gd ,as at this tyme this tretice shall suffice1 ,disposeth you to kepe in youre mynde ,the doctrines whiche for you ,i deuyse1 #ead ,and douteth not1 fulle welle ye shall hit fynde2 ,to youre honoure enrolle hit vp and bynde ,ryght in youre brest1 and in youre ryper age ,i shall wryten you here-of the surplusage4 #eah ,sidenote3 ,hill's ,text4 ,to connyng persones regarde ye take1 wher ye be sette1 right in ententyf wyse2 ,connyng folke connyng men shalle make2 #ejj to ther connyng ye shalle make your surmyse1 as thei do1 ye must your selfe devyse2 ffor this1 my child1 ys as the gospelle trewe1 'who wille be connyng1 he must connyng sewe4' #ejd ,and on thyng ,i warne you specyally3 to womanhede take awe alway1 them to serve loke ye haue an eye1 ther comavndmentis that ye obeye2 #ejh ,plesaunt wordis ,i avyse you to them saye1 in alle wyse do ye your delygence ,to do them plesyre and reverence4 #eaa ,and at this tyme this treatise shalle suffice2 ,do pose you to kepe it in your mynde1 the doctryne which for you ,i devyse2 dowteth not1 fulle welle ye shalle yt fynde ,to your honowre2 enrolle yt vp bynde #eaf ,right in your brest1 at your ryper age ,i shalle write you here-of the surplusage4 ,,caxton',s ,,text4 #gb ,to connynde persons regarde ye take ,sidenote3 ,watch knowing folk1 and ,where ye be sette _/ right in ententyf wyse ,connyng folk _/ connyng men shal make #ejj ,to their connyng ye shal make your surmise ,sidenote3 their skill4 ,and as they do _/ ye muste your self deuyse ,for this my childe _/ is as the gospel trewe ,who wil be connyng _/ he must e connyng sewe #ejd #gc ,and one thing _/ ,i warne you specyally ,to womanhede _/ take awe alweye ,sidenote3 ,specially attend to women1 and ,and them to serue _/ loke ye haue an eye #ejg ,and theire commandementis that ye obeye ,plesant wordes ,i auyse you to them seye ,sidenote3 speak pleasant words to them4 ,and in alle wyse _/ do ye your diligence ,to do them plesure _/ and reuerence #eaa #gd ,and at this tyme this tretye shal suffise ,sidenote3 ,this is enough for the present4 ,dispose you _/ to kepe it in your mynde ,sidenote3 ,mind you attend to it1 ,the doctrine whiche for you ,i deuyse #ead ,and doubteth not _/ ful wel ye shal it finde ,to your honour _/ enrolle it vp and bynde ,right in your breste _/ and at your riper age ,i shal wryte to you _/ herof the surplusage #eah ,sidenote3 and when you're older ,i'll write you the rest4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,oriel ,,text4 #ge ,goo1 litle childe1 and who doth you ,appose1 ,seying1 youre quaire kepeth non accordaunce1 ,tell hym1 as yite neyther of ryme ne prose #eba ,ye be experte2 pray hym of sufferaunce2 ,childer must be of childly gouernaunce1 ,and they must also entredet#a be ,sidenote #a3 ,read entreted ,wyth esy thyng1 and not of subtilte4 #ebe #gf ,youre lytil quaier summitteth euery where ,to coreccion and beneuolence1 ,but where enuie is1 loke hit come not there1 #ebh ,for eny thing kepith youre trety thense2 ,enuie is full of frowarde reprehense1 ,and howe to hurte liethe euere in awayte1 ,kepeth youre quaiere1 that hit be not her baite4 ,,explicit4 ,,domine1 ,,saluu,m ,,fac ,,regem4 ,sidenote3 ,hill's ,text4 ,go1 litille ,iohn1 who doth you oppose1 sayenge your quayre1 kepeth non accordavnce2 #ebj ,telle hym as #c99;et neythere in ryme ne prose ye ben experte2 pray hym of suffraunce4 ,chyldren#a muste be of childy gouernavnce1 ,sidenote #a3 ,,ms4 ,clyldren4 also thei muste entreted be #ebd ,with easy thynge1 not with subtilte4 ,go1 lytille quayer1 submyte you euery where vnder correccion of benevolence2 wher envy ys1 loke you cum not there1 #ebh ffor any thyng kepe your treatye thens2 ,envye ys full of froward reprehens1 how to hurte lyeth ever in a-wayte2 kepe your quayre that yt be not ther bayte4 #ecb ,here endyth ,a lytylle treatyse called the boke of curtesy or litille ,iohan4 ,,caxton',s ,,text4 #ge ,go lytyl ,iohn _/ and who doth you appose ,sidenote3 ,whoever questions you1 ,sayng your quayer _/ kepe non accordance ,telle hym as yet _/ neyther in ryme ne prose #eba ,ye ben expert _/ praye hym of suffrance ,sidenote3 say you are not yet up in rime or prose4 ,chyldren muste be _/ of chyldly gouernance ,and also they muste entretyde be ,with esy thing _/ and not with subtylte #ebe #gf ,go lytil quayer _/ submytte you euery where ,vnder correction of benyuolence ,sidenote3 ,little book1 ,i submit you to correction3 ,and where enuye is _/ loke ye come not there #ebh ,sidenote3 but go not where envy is4 ,for ony thinge _/ kepe your tretye thens ,enuye is ful of froward reprehens ,and how to hurte _/ lyeth euer in a wayte ,kepe your quayer _/ that it be not ther bayte #ecb ,explicit the book of curtesye4 ,,index4 ,h4 stands for ,hill's ,,ms4 at the bottom of the pages1 ,o4 for the ,oriel ,,ms4 on the even pages4 ,cot4 is for ,cotgrave's ,dictionary4 ,absolom with dissheveled hair1 l4 #dfj4 ,amyse1 l4 #cgf1 amice4 ,fr4 amict1 an ,amict or ,amice1 part of a massing priest's habit4 ,cot4 ,from ,l4 amicire1 to throw round2 am and jacere4 ,mahn4 ,annoy no man1 l4 #agj4 ,apayer1 l4 #cii ,h41 appeyre1 ,o41 worsen1 impair4 ,apish1 don't let your dress be1 l4 #dhf4 ,appose1 l4 #eai1 question4 ,see ,oppose4 ,avale1 l4 #deg1 lower1 take off4 ,ave ,maria1 say1 l4 #bg1 #gg4 ,avoyde1 l4 #bga1 emptying4 ,austin1 ,st1 tells men how to behave at table1 l4 #aeh4 ,author is old1 l4 #dad-ah4 ,authors1 the right ones to read1 l4 #cbc1 #cce1 #cea1 #cfe1 #cic4 ,bearing1 men praised or blamed for their1 l4 #aec4 ,belch not1 l4 #bjb4 ,beware of ruskyn1 l4 #dea4 ,birds and beasts1 don't throw stones at1 l4 #fd4 ,blow not in your drink1 l4 #aij4 ,brecheles1 l4 #cjj1 without breeches1 of flogging4 ,breth1 l4 #bjc1 wind4 ,capron1 ,h41 chappron1 ,o41 l4 #deg4 ,o4 ,fr4 ,chaperon1 habillement de tte4 ,roquefort4 ,provenal1 capayron1 from ,lat4 caput4 ,skeat4 ,chaperon 444 any hood1 bonnet 444 ,vn ,chaperon fait i'en veux1 ,a notable whipster or twigger2 a good one ,i warrant her4 ,cotgrave4 ',capron hardy' must then be 'a bold or saucy young scamp4' ,cantelmele1 l4 #dji1 piecemeal3 cantel1 a corner1 bit4 ,,chaucer1 read his works full of pleasance1 l4 #cce-cej4 ,chere1 l4 #aca1 face1 expression on it4 ,childly1 adj4 l4 #ebc1 ,o41 childy1 ,h41 fitted for children4 ,children are like wax1 l4 #f4 ,church1 how to behave at1 l4 #ga-ih4 ,clappe1 l4 #hj1 noise4 ,claw not your visage1 l4 #aid4 ,comb your head1 l4 #cf4 ,communicative1 be1 l4 #caf4 ,compace1 l4 #dfi4 ,fr4 compas1 a compasse1 a circle1 a round4 ,constaunce1 l4 #ajb4 ,fr4 constance1 stabilitie1 firmenesse4 ,cot4 ,couenable1 l4 #dhg4 ,fr4 convenable1 apt1 fit1 meet for1 beseeming1 seemlie1 c4 ,cot4 ,crede1 say it1 l4 #gg4 ,cross yourself on rising1 l4 #be4 ,cumpenable1 l4 #aea4 ,fr4 compagnable1 companable1 friendlie1 sociable4 ,cunning1 7knowing7 men1 take heed to them1 l4 #dgh1 l4 #dih-ejd4 ,cup1 soil not yours1 l4 #ahf4 ,dancing1 right for a child1 l4 #cje4 ,deprave1 l4 #aeg1 backbite1 run down4 ,fr4 despraver1 spoyle1 marre1 make crooked1 wrest1 wry to bad purposes4 ,cot4 ,detraction1 the vice of1 l4 #afc4 ,disauayle1 l4 #bij1 harm1 damage4 ,discreue1 l4 #cib1 describe4 ,disculede1 l4 #dfj1 ,o41 dissheveled4 ,disteyne1 l4 #djg1 stain1 spot4 ,dogs1 don't irritate them1 l4 #fg4 ,dress1 to be manerly1 l4 #dg1 #eb2 to be reasonable1 l4 #dhe4 ,ears1 clean yours1 l4 #cg4 ,entredet1 l4 #ebd1 ,o41 entretyde1 ,h41 taught4 ,envy1 keep clear of1 l4 #ebh4 ,estate1 l4 #abb1 lord noble4 ,exercyse1 excersyf1 l4 #cah1 8 practised1 able to handle a subject4 ,fr4 exercer1 to handle1 manage4 ,cot4 ,eye1 cast not yours aside1 l4 #aja4 ,face1 have no spots on it1 l4 #ch4 ,farsyone1 l4 #ahf1 ,h41 stuffing3 farse 7or ferce1 #a4 #aia71 to stuff2 farsure1 stuffing4 ,cp4 ,chaucer's ferthyng1 of the ,prioress1 ,prol4 ,cant4 ,t41 and the ,oriel text4 ,fetis1 l4 #ddc1 ,o41 fashions4 ,fr4 faict1 feat1 pranke1 part4 ,cot4 ,fewe1 l4 #aga1 little1 few words4 ,first place1 don't take it1 l4 #dic4 ,follow virtue1 l4 #dha4 ,founders of our language2 revive their praise1 l4 #dca4 ,fulsom1 l4 #beg1 8 full1 satisfied2 or helpful1 ,a4,s4 fylst1 help1 assistance4 ,fulsomnes1 l4 #dja1 fulness1 plenty4 ',fulnesse or plente 7fulsumnesse1 ,k4,h4,p47 ,habundancia1 copia4' ,promptorium4 ,games1 play only at proper ones1 l4 #bif4 ,girdle1 don't loose yours at table1 l4 #aig4 ,glaynes1 l4 #dab1 ,o41 gleynes1 l4 #dbb1 ,o41 gleanings4 ,fr4 glane1 a gleaning2 also the corne thats gleaned or left for the gleaner4 ,cot4 ,gluttonous1 don't be1 l4 #ahj4 ,good cheer1 make it serve for a scanty table1 l4 #bec-e4 ,,gower',s moral writings1 read them1 l4 #cbc2 and his ,confessio ,amantis1 l4 #cbe4 ,halke1 l4 #abd1 generally means corner2 ,a4,s4 heal1 an angle1 a corner2 but another heal is a hall1 place of entertainment1 inn1 which may be the meaning here4 ,hands1 wash yours1 l4 #dc2 wash 'em clean at table1 l4 #bfb-e4 ,hanging1 the servant that deserves it1 st4 #fe1 ,o4 ,harping recommended1 l4 #cjd4 ,head1 don't scratch it at table1 l4 #aid4 ,holy water1 l4 #gb4 ,humanite1 l4 #dig1 ,fr4 humanit1 courtesie1 ciuilitie1 gentlenesse4 ,cot4 ,inhaunce1 l4 #dcc1 put forward1 up4 ,lat4 in antea1 ,prov4 enansar1 to advance1 exalt4 ,wedgwood4 ,interrupt no man's talk1 l4 #bge1 #bhc4 ,is1 l4 #chf1 ,o41 his4 ,iubiter1 l4 #cga1 #cgh1 ,god4 ,jangelynge1 l4 #hj1 chattering4 ,kery1 l4 #cfi1 ,greek3 kyrie1 ,lord1 have mercy upon us6 ,knife1 don't put it near your face1 l4 #aib4 ,ladde1 l4 #dgf1 ,o41 lade1 ,h41 a thong of leather1 a shoe-latchet4 ,halliwell4 ,language1 silver1 is to be learnt only from our old poets1 st4 #eh1 l4 #djj-f4 ,lewed 7ignorant71 he must be who will not learn1 l4 #ba4 ,lips1 wipe yours before drinking1 l4 #ahf1 #ahi4 ,look men1 you speak to1 in the face1 l4 #ii4 ,louse1 l4 #dfb1 catching lice4 ,luting recommended1 l4 #cjb4 ,,lydgate1 ,john1 my master1 l4 #cfe2 read his volumes large and wide1 l4 #cgi4 ,malapert1 ,jack1 don't play1 l4 #dia4 ,fr4 ,miere1 malapert1 outrageous1 ever doing one mischiefe or other4 ,marmiton1 a saucie1 malapert1 or knauish fellow4 ,cot4 ,malouse1 l4 #dfa1 ,malo's4 ,manner measure should guide you1 l4 #abe4 ,manners make man1 l4 #bch4 ,mass1 help the priest at1 l4 #he4 ,matins1 our ,lady's1 l4 #cb4 ,mouth1 eat with it shut1 l4 #bda4 ,multiply talking1 don't1 l4 #cbj4 ,nails1 clean yours1 l4 #dd2 don't pare them at table1 l4 #bdg4 ,norture1 l4 #dcf1 deportment1 manners4 ,nose1 clean it1 l4 #ci2 don't pick it1 l4 #da4 ,,ocklyf2 read his translation of ,de ,regimine ,principum1 l4 #cea-fd4 ,oppose1 l4 #eah1 ',i oppose one1 ,i make a tryall of his lernyng1 or ,i laye a thyng to his charge1 ie appose4' ,palsgrave4 ,see ,towneley ,mysteries1 pp4 #aic-ie4 ,way1 in ,promptorium4 ,we may bi oure law examyne hym fyrst4444 444 let me oppose hym 444 ,t4 ,myst1 p4 #aie4 ,outrage1 l4 #bgh1 outrageous1 beyond bounds1 too talkative4 ,see ,malapert4 ,owers1 l4 #cd1 see pryme4 ,pater noster1 say yours1 l4 #bf1 #gg4 ,pendable1 l4 #dee1 ,o41 ,fr4 pendable1 hangable1 that deserves hanging1 thats fit to be hanged4 ,cot4 ,poor table1 men to be cheerful at1 l4 #bec4 ,presumption1 beware of1 l4 #dib4 ,pride1 beware of1 l4 #dib4 ,print your words in your mind before you speak them1 l4 #bhb4 ,pryme owers1 l4 #cd4 ',the prime and other hours are the services ,ad primam horam1 ,ad tertiam1 ,ad sextam1 and ,ad nonam1 found in the ,primer1 or layman's prayer-book4 ,they are sometimes called the middle hours1 as distinguished from ,matins and ,vespers4' ,h4 ,bradshaw4 ,quaire1 l4 #ebj1 #ebf1 #ecb1 quire1 pamphlet1 treatise4 ,ravenous1 don't be1 l4 #agf4 ,read eloquent books1 l4 #caj4 ,rehersaylle1 l4 #bhh1 rehearsal1 repetition4 ,repeat conversations1 don't1 l4 #bhh4 ,report 7tale-telling7 is the chief nurse of mischief1 l4 #ace4 ,reward1 l4 #abg1 look at1 watch4 ,rising1 what to do on1 l4 #bc4 ,secret1 keep what you hear1 l4 #acd4 ,sewe1 l4 #dha1 follow1 pursue4 ,silence1 keep1 l4 #adj2 in hall1 l4 #bjd4 ,siluerous1 l4 #djc1 ,o41 silvern4 ,singing lustily is good for a child1 l4 #cjd4 ,speak fair to folks1 l4 #fj4 ,speaking1 the conditions to be observed in1 l4 #adc4 ,spoon1 don't put it in your dish or on the table1 l4 #bfg4 ,surplusage1 l4 #eah1 rest1 remainder4 ,syttyng1 l4 #cjb1 fit1 suitable4 ',syttyng or convenyent--m4 asseant 444 aduenant4' ,palsgrave4 ,table1 how to wait at1 l4 #aac4 ,tacches1 l4 #agf1 tache1 l4 #aih2 ,fr4 tache1 a spot1 staine1 blemish4 ,cot4 ,taches1 ,h41 teches1 ,o41 l4 #dec1 manners4 ,teeth1 don't pick 'em with your knife1 l4 #bdh4 ,terre1 l4 #fg2 tar1 to set on1 provoke2 ,o4 ,fr4 atarier4 ,they have terrid thee to ire4 ,wiclif1 ,psalms4 ,sc4 tirr1 to snarl2 quarrelsome1 crabbed4 ,wedgwood4 ,thewed1 l4 #bj1 mannered4 ,towel1 don't soil it1 l4 #bfc1 #bff4 ,traverse1 l4 #bdb1 change from side to side4 ,trencher2 keep yours clean1 l4 #bfi4 ,trety1 l4 #ebi1 treatise4 ,true as the gospel1 l4 #ejc4 ,weyne1 l4 #aff1 ,a4,s4 wanian1 to diminish1 take away4 ,wind1 break not1 up or down1 l4 #bjb4 ,wise man1 the2 his marks of a youth likely to be had1 l4 #ajd2--;his counsel as to speaking1 l4 #acg1 #adg4 ,women1 always take good heed to them1 l4 #ejf4 ,wyndlese1 l4 #dga1 windlass4 ,yanglers1 l4 #bjg1 chatterers4 ,ydellye1 l4 #cae1 idly4 ,ynympariable1 l4 #chj1 unequalled1 ,l4 par1 ,fr4 pareil1 equal1 like4