,a ,,catechism ,,of ,,christian ,,doctrine ,,prepared ,,and ,,enjoined ,,by ,,order ,,of ,,the ,,third ,,plenary ,,council ,,of ,,baltimore 7,in ,accordance with the ,new ,canon ,law7 ,no4 #c ,for ,two ,years' ,course for ,post-,confirmation ,classes ,,supplemented ,,by ,rev4 ,,thomas ,l4 ,,kinkead ,author of ,an ,explanation of the ,baltimore ,catechism ,published by ,ecclesiastical ,authority ,,new ,,york1 ,,boston1 ,,cincinnati1 ,,chicago1 ,,san ,,francisco ,,benziger ,,brothers1 ,,inc4 ,,printers ,,to ,,the ,,holy ,,apostolic ,,see ,imprimatur3 ,,john ,,cardinal ,mc,c,l,o,s,k,e,y1 ,archbishop of ,new ,york4 ,,new ,,york1 ,april #f1 #ahhe ,the ,catechism ordered by the ,third ,plenary ,council of ,baltimore1 having been diligently compiled and examined1 is hereby approved4 ,,james ,,gibbons1 ,archbishop of ,baltimore1 ,apostolic ,delegate4 ,,baltimore1 ,april #f1 #ahhe4 ,nihil obstat3 ,,rev4 ,,remigius ,,lafort1 ,s4,t4,l41 ,censor ,librorum4 ,imprimatur3 ,,michael ,,augustine1 ,archbishop of ,new ,york4 ,,new ,,york1 ,february #ba1 #aija4 ,nihil obstat3 ,,arthur ,j4 ,,scanlan1 ,s4,t4,d41 ,censor ,librorum4 ,imprimatur3 ,,patrick ,j4 ,,hayes1 ,d4,d41 ,archbishop of ,new ,york4 ,,new ,,york1 ,june #bi1 #aiba4 ,transcriber's ,note3 ,this book is commonly known as ,the ,baltimore ,catechism ,no4 #c and is part of a four volume e-text collection4 ,see the author's note below for the background and purpose of the series4 ,this e-text collection is substantially based on files generously provided by http3_/_/www4catholic4net_/ with some missing material transcribed and added for this release4 ,transcriber's notes in this series are placed within braces1 and usually prefixed ,t4,n434 ,,note ,these ,catechisms of the ,baltimore ,series are arranged on a progressive plan4 ,no4 #jj gives the ,prayers and ,acts to be learned before the study of the ,catechisms begins3--,no4 #j contains one half the questions of ,no4 #a2 ,no4 #a half the questions of ,no4 #b2 ,no4 #b one-third the questions of ,no4 #c1 and ,no4 #d 7an ,explanation of the ,baltimore ,catechism7 furnishes much additional information with copious explanations and examples4 ,the same questions bear the same numbers throughout the series1 and their wording is identical4 ,the different sizes of type make the ,catechisms more suitable to their respective grades1 smaller children usually requiring larger print4 ,apart from its educational advantages1 the progressive plan aims at lessening the expense in providing children with ,catechisms1 by furnishing just what is necessary for each grade2 it aims also at encouraging the children to learn1 by affording opportunity for promotion from book to book4 ,these ,catechisms are intended to furnish a complete course of religious instruction1 when1 used as follows3 ,no4 #jj for ,prayer classes4 ,no4 #j for ,confession classes and certain adults4 ,no4 #a for ,first ,communion classes4 ,no4 #b for ,confirmation classes4 ,no4 #c for two years' course for ,post-,confirmation classes4 ,no4 #d for ,teachers and ,teachers' ,training classes4 ,,preface ,,to ,,no4 #c ,i have been requested by several priests to prepare an abridgment of the ,explanation of the ,baltimore ,catechism that would be suitable as a classbook for children who have been confirmed or who have completed the study of the ,baltimore ,catechism ,no4 #b4 ,the ,explanation itself contains more matter than some of these children can master and it costs a little more than many of them can afford to pay4 ,i have1 therefore1 selected from the list given in the back of the ,explanation a large number of the more practical and important questions1 to which ,i have added others1 with answers1 as full1 brief and simple as the matter will permit4 ,these questions and answers are added to those of the ,baltimore ,catechism ,no4 #b1 but with such distinction in type that all may see they are not a part of the ,catechism prepared by the ,council1 but only a development of its meaning4 ,t4,n43 ,it is not practical below to mimic such distinction in type that exists in the original book4 ,to indicate the questions prepared by the ,council ,i have added in braces their corresponding numbers from ,baltimore ,catechism ,no4 #b4 ,for example1 question #acj below is question #a in ,baltimore ,catechism ,no4 #b4 ,fr4 ,kinkead's supplemental questions lack this double numbering4 ,whenever questions on the same subject are repeated in the book their object is to bring out some new point or to show their connection with the subject-matter there explained4 ,,author4 ,,contents ,,prayers4 ,the ,lord's ,prayer ,the ,angelical ,salutation ,the ,apostles' ,creed ,the ,confiteor ,an ,act of ,faith ,an ,act of ,hope ,an ,act of ,love ,an ,act of ,contrition ,the ,blessing before ,meals ,grace after ,meals ,the ,manner in ,which a ,lay ,person ,is to ,baptize in ,case of ,necessity ,,catechism4 ,lesson ,,first--,on the ,end of ,man ,lesson ,,second--,on ,god and ,his ,perfections ,lesson ,,third--,on the ,unity and ,trinity of ,god ,lesson ,,fourth--,on ,creation ,lesson ,,fifth--,on ,our ,first ,parents and the ,fall ,lesson ,,sixth--,on ,sin and ,its ,kinds ,lesson ,,seventh--,on the ,incarnation and ,redemption ,lesson ,,eighth--,on ,our ,lord's ,passion1 ,death1 ,resurrection and ,ascension ,lesson ,,ninth--,on the ,holy ,ghost and ,his ,descent ,upon the ,apostles ,lesson ,,tenth--,on the ,effects of the ,redemption ,lesson ,,eleventh--,on the ,church ,lesson ,,twelfth--,on the ,attributes and ,marks of the ,church ,lesson ,,thirteenth--,on the ,sacraments in ,general ,lesson ,,fourteenth--,on ,baptism ,lesson ,,fifteenth--,on ,confirmation ,lesson ,,sixteenth--,on the ,gifts and ,fruits of the ,holy ,ghost ,lesson ,,seventeenth--,on the ,sacrament of ,penance ,lesson ,,eighteenth--,on ,contrition ,lesson ,,nineteenth--,on ,confession ,lesson ,,twentieth--,on the ,manner of ,making a ,good ,confession ,lesson ,,twenty-,,first--,on ,indulgences ,lesson ,,twenty-,,second--,on the ,holy ,eucharist ,lesson ,,twenty-,,third--,on the ,ends for which the ,holy ,eucharist was ,instituted ,lesson ,,twenty-,,fourth--,on the ,sacrifice of the ,mass ,lesson ,,twenty-,,fifth--,on ,extreme ,unction and ,holy ,orders ,lesson ,,twenty-,,sixth--,on ,matrimony ,lesson ,,twenty-,,seventh--,on the ,sacramentals ,lesson ,,twenty-,,eighth--,on ,prayer ,lesson ,,twenty-,,ninth--,on the ,commandments of ,god ,lesson ,,thirtieth--,on the ,first ,commandment ,lesson ,,thirty-,,first--,the ,first ,commandment--,on the ,honor and ,invocation of the ,saints ,lesson ,,thirty-,,second--,from the ,second to the ,fourth ,commandment ,lesson ,,thirty-,,third--,from the ,fourth to the ,seventh ,commandment ,lesson ,,thirty-,,fourth--,from the ,seventh to the ,tenth ,commandment ,lesson ,,thirty-,,fifth--,on the ,first and ,second ,commandments of the ,church ,lesson ,,thirty-,,sixth--,on the ,third1 ,fourth1 ,fifth and ,sixth ,commandments of the ,church ,lesson ,,thirty-,,seventh--,on the ,last ,judgment and ,resurrection1 ,hell1 ,purgatory and ,heaven ,catechism of ,christian ,doctrine ,,prayers ,the ,lord's ,prayer4 ,our ,father1 who art in heaven1 hallowed be ,thy name4 ,thy kingdom come2 ,thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven4 ,give us this day our daily bread2 and forgive us our trespasses as we forgive those who trespass against us2 and lead us not into temptation1 but deliver us from evil4 ,amen4 ,the ,angelical ,salutation4 ,hail ,mary1 full of grace6 the ,lord is with thee3 blessed art thou amongst women1 and blessed is the fruit of thy womb1 ,jesus4 ,holy ,mary1 ,mother of ,god1 pray for us sinners1 now and at the hour of our death4 ,amen4 ,the ,apostles' ,creed4 ,i believe in ,god1 the ,father ,almighty1 ,creator of heaven and earth2 and in ,jesus ,christ1 ,his only ,son1 our ,lord2 who was conceived by the ,holy ,ghost1 born of the ,virgin ,mary1 suffered under ,pontius ,pilate1 was crucified2 died1 and was buried4 ,he descended into hell2 the third day ,he arose again from the dead2 ,he ascended into heaven1 sitteth at the right hand of ,god1 the ,father ,almighty2 from thence ,he shall come to judge the living and the dead4 ,i believe in the ,holy ,ghost1 the ,holy ,catholic ,church1 the communion of ,saints1 the forgiveness of sins1 the resurrection of the body1 and the life everlasting4 ,amen4 ,the ,confiteor4 ,i confess to ,almighty ,god1 to blessed ,mary1 ever ,virgin1 to blessed ,michael the ,archangel1 to blessed ,john the ,baptist1 to the holy ,apostles ,peter and ,paul1 and to all the ,saints1 that ,i have sinned exceedingly in thought1 word and deed1 through my fault1 through my fault1 through my most grievous fault4 ,therefore1 ,i beseech blessed ,mary1 ever ,virgin1 blessed ,michael the ,archangel1 blessed ,john the ,baptist1 the holy ,apostles ,peter and ,paul1 and all the ,saints1 to pray to the ,lord our ,god for me4 ,may the ,almighty ,god have mercy on me1 and forgive me my sins1 and bring me to everlasting life4 ,amen4 ,may the ,almighty and merciful ,lord grant me pardon1 absolution1 and remission of all my sins4 ,amen4 ,an ,act of ,faith4 ,o my ,god6 ,i firmly believe that ,thou art one ,god in three ,divine persons1 ,father1 ,son1 and ,holy ,ghost2 ,i believe that ,thy ,divine ,son became man1 and died for our sins1 and that he will come to judge the living and the dead4 ,i believe these and all the truths which the ,holy ,catholic ,church teaches1 because ,thou hast revealed them1 who canst neither deceive nor be deceived4 ,an ,act of ,hope4 ,o my ,god6 relying on ,thy infinite goodness and promises1 ,i hope to obtain pardon of my sins1 the help of ,thy grace1 and life everlasting1 through the merits of ,jesus ,christ1 my ,lord and ,redeemer4 ,an ,act of ,love4 ,o my ,god6 ,i love ,thee above all things1 with my whole heart and soul1 because ,thou art all-good and worthy of all love4 ,i love my neighbor as myself for the love of ,thee4 ,i forgive all who have injured me1 and ask pardon of all whom ,i have injured4 ,an ,act of ,contrition4 ,o my ,god6 ,i am heartily sorry for having offended ,thee1 and ,i detest all my sins1 because ,i dread the loss of heaven and the pains of hell2 but most of all because they offend ,thee1 my ,god1 who art all-good and deserving of all my love4 ,i firmly resolve1 with the help of ,thy grace1 to confess my sins1 to do penance1 and to amend my life4 ,the ,blessing before ,meals4 ,bless us1 ,o ,lord6 and these ,thy gifts1 which we are about to receive from ,thy bounty1 through ,christ our ,lord4 ,amen4 ,grace after ,meals4 ,we give ,thee thanks for all ,thy benefits1 ,o ,almighty ,god1 who livest and reignest for ever2 and may the souls of the faithful departed1 through the mercy of ,god1 rest in peace4 ,amen4 ,the ,manner in which a ,lay ,person is to ,baptize in ,case of ,necessity3 ,pour common water on the head or face of the person to be baptized and say while pouring it3 ,i baptize thee in the name of the ,father1 and of the ,son1 and of the ,holy ,ghost4 ,n4,b4 ,any person of either sex who has reached the use of reason can baptize in case of necessity4 ,,catechism ,,the ,,lord',s ,,prayer4 ,q4 #a4 ,say the ,lord's ,prayer4 ,a4 ,our ,father1 who art in heaven1 hallowed be ,thy name2 ,thy kingdom come2 ,thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven4 ,give us this day our daily bread2 and forgive us our trespasses as we forgive those who trespass against us2 and lead us not into temptation1 but deliver us from evil4 ,amen4 ,q4 #b4 ,who made the ,lord's ,prayer8 ,a4 ,our ,lord ,himself made the ,lord's ,prayer for the use of ,his disciples and of all the faithful4 ,q4 #c4 ,why is the ,our ,father the most excellent of all ,prayers8 ,a4 ,the ,our ,father is the most excellent of all prayers because ,our ,lord ,himself made it and because its petitions ask for all we can need for soul or body4 ,q4 #d4 ,how is the ,lord's ,prayer divided8 ,a4 ,the ,lord's ,prayer is divided into seven requests or petitions4 ,three of these petitions refer to ,god's honor and glory1 and the remaining four to our corporeal or spiritual wants4 ,q4 #e4 ,whom do we address as ,our ,father when we say the ,lord's ,prayer8 ,a4 ,when we say ,our ,father in the ,lord's ,prayer we address ,almighty ,god1 ,father1 ,son and ,holy ,ghost united in the adorable ,trinity4 ,q4 #f4 ,why do we say our and not my ,father8 ,a4 ,we say our and not my ,father to remind us that through our creation and redemption1 we are all members of the great human family of which ,god is the ,father2 and that we should pray for and help one another4 ,q4 #g4 ,why do we call ,god ,father8 ,a4 ,we call ,god ,father because ,he does for us what a good father should do for his children4 ,he gives us our existence2 ,he protects us2 ,he provides for us and teaches us2 and because the name of ,father fills us with love and reverence for him1 and with confidence in ,him4 ,q4 #h4 ,why do we say ,who art in heaven if ,god be everywhere8 ,a4 ,we say who art in heaven to put us in mind 7#a7 that heaven is our true home for which we were created2 7#b7 that in heaven we shall see ,god face to face as ,he is2 7#c7 that heaven is the place where ,god will be for all eternity1 with the blessed4 ,q4 #i4 ,what does ,hallowed be ,thy ,name mean8 ,a4 ,hallowed means set apart for a holy or sacred use1 and thus comes to mean treated or praised as holy or sacred4 ,thy name means ,god ,himself and all relating to ,him1 and by this petition we ask that ,god may be known1 loved and served by all4 ,q4 #aj4 ,what do we ask for in the petition3 ,thy kingdom come8 ,a4 ,in the petition ,thy kingdom come we ask 7#a7 that ,god may reign in the souls of all men by ,his grace1 so that they may attain eternal salvation2 7#b7 that the true ,church--,christ's kingdom--may spread upon earth till all men embrace the true religion4 ,q4 #aa4 ,who do ,god's ,will in heaven8 ,a4 ,in heaven the ,angels and ,saints do ,god's ,will perfectly4 ,they never disobey1 or even wish to disobey ,him4 ,in the petition1 ,thy ,will be done on earth as it is in heaven1 we pray that all ,god's creatures may imitate the ,angels and ,saints in heaven by never offending ,him4 ,q4 #ab4 ,what do we ask for by our daily bread8 ,a4 ,in the petition for our daily bread we ask not merely for bread1 but for all that we need for the good of our body or soul4 ,q4 #ac4 ,why do we say daily8 ,a4 ,we say daily to teach us that we are not to be avaricious but only prudent in providing for our wants2 and that we are to have great confidence in the providence of ,god4 ,q4 #ad4 ,what do trespasses mean8 ,a4 ,trespasses mean here injuries done or offenses given to another1 and when ,god is the person offended1 trespasses mean sins4 ,q4 #ae4 ,what do you mean by forgive us our trespasses as we forgive those who trespass against us8 ,a4 ,in this petition we declare to ,god that we have forgiven all who have injured or offended us1 and ask ,him to reward us by pardoning our sins4 ,q4 #af4 ,when may we be said to forgive those who trespass against us8 ,a4 ,we may be said to forgive our enemies when we act1 and1 as far as possible1 feel toward them as if they had never injured us4 ,q4 #ag4 ,what is temptation8 ,a4 ,a temptation is anything that incites1 provokes1 or urges us to offend ,god4 ,q4 #ah4 ,what is the best means of overcoming temptation8 ,a4 ,the best means of overcoming temptation is to resist its very beginning1 by turning our attention from it2 by praying for help to resist it2 and by doing the opposite of what we are tempted to do4 ,q4 #ai4 ,does ,god tempt us to sin8 ,a4 ,god does not tempt us to sin2 but ,he permits us to be tempted to try our fidelity or punish our pride2 and to give us an opportunity of meriting rewards for ourselves by overcoming the temptations4 ,q4 #bj4 ,can we always resist temptation8 ,a4 ,we can always resist temptation if we wish1 for ,god always gives us sufficient grace and never permits us to be tempted above our strength4 ,q4 #ba4 ,is it a sin to be tempted8 ,a4 ,it is not a sin to be tempted1 because we cannot prevent it4 ,it is sinful only to consent or yield to the temptation or needlessly expose ourselves to it4 ,q4 #bb4 ,from what do our temptations come8 ,a4 ,our temptations come either from the devil1 our spiritual enemy1 or from the world2 that is1 the wicked persons1 places1 or things in the world2 or from the flesh2 that is1 our body with its strong passions and evil inclinations4 ,q4 #bc4 ,should we seek temptation for the sake of overcoming it8 ,a4 ,we must not expose ourselves to temptation1 but1 on the contrary1 carefully avoid it1 yet resist it bravely when it assails us4 ,q4 #bd4 ,from what evil do we ask to be delivered8 ,a4 ,we ask to be delivered from every evil of body and mind1 but particularly to be delivered from sin1 which is the greatest of all evils4 ,q4 #be4 ,what does ,amen mean8 ,a4 ,amen means so be it2 and expresses a desire that the petition may be granted4 ,q4 #bf4 ,what does ,christian mean8 ,a4 ,a ,christian is a baptized person who professes to believe all that ,christ has taught1 and to do all that ,he has commanded as necessary for our salvation4 ,,the ,,angelical ,,salutation4 ,q4 #bg4 ,say the ,angelical ,salutation4 ,a4 ,hail ,mary1 full of grace6 the ,lord is with thee3 blessed art thou amongst women1 and blessed is the fruit of thy womb1 ,jesus4 ,holy ,mary1 ,mother of ,god1 pray for us sinners1 now and at the hour of our death4 ,amen4 ,q4 #bh4 ,what is a salutation8 ,a4 ,a salutation is the customary words or actions by which the people of a country greet one another4 ,q4 #bi4 ,why is this salutation called ,angelical8 ,a4 ,this salutation is called ,angelical because it was given by an angel4 ,q4 #cj4 ,what does hail mean8 ,a4 ,hail means1 ,i wish you health4 ,it is an exclamation of respectful greeting4 ,q4 #ca4 ,how is the ,hail ,mary divided8 ,a4 ,the ,hail ,mary is divided into two parts4 ,the first part1 made by the ,angel ,gabriel and ,st4 ,elizabeth1 contains the praises of the ,mother of ,god2 and the second part1 added by the ,church1 begs her intercession for sinners4 ,q4 #cb4 ,why is the ,hail ,mary usually placed after the ,lord's ,prayer8 ,a4 ,the ,hail ,mary is usually placed after the ,our ,father because it is an inspired prayer1 the most excellent after the ,lord's ,prayer1 and also that the ,blessed ,mother may1 by her powerful intercession1 aid us in obtaining what we ask4 ,q4 #cc4 ,who was ,st4 ,elizabeth8 ,a4 ,st4 ,elizabeth was the mother of ,st4 ,john the ,baptist and the cousin of the ,blessed ,virgin4 ,q4 #cd4 ,what answer did the ,blessed ,virgin make to the words of ,st4 ,elizabeth8 ,a4 ,the ,blessed ,virgin answered ,st4 ,elizabeth in the words of the beautiful ,magnificat4 ,q4 #ce4 ,what is the ,magnificat8 ,a4 ,the ,magnificat is the splendid canticle or hymn in which the ,blessed ,virgin praises ,god and returns ,him thanks for the great things ,he has done for her4 ,it is usually sung at ,vespers in the ,church4 ,q4 #cf4 ,why do we address ,mary as full of grace8 ,a4 ,we address ,mary as full of grace because she was never guilty of the slightest sin2 was endowed with every virtue1 and blessed with a constant increase of grace in her soul4 ,q4 #cg4 ,why do we say the ,lord is with thee8 ,a4 ,we say the ,lord is with thee1 for besides being with her as ,he is with all ,his creatures on account of ,his presence everywhere2 and as ,he is with the good on account of their virtue1 ,he is with ,mary in a very special manner on account of her dignity as ,mother of ,his ,son4 ,q4 #ch4 ,why is ,mary called blessed amongst women8 ,a4 ,mary is called blessed amongst women on account of her personal holiness1 her great dignity as ,mother of ,god1 and her freedom from original sin4 ,q4 #ci4 ,why is ,mary called holy8 ,a4 ,mary is called holy because one full of grace and endowed with every virtue must be holy4 ,q4 #dj4 ,why do we need ,mary's prayers at the hour of death8 ,a4 ,we need ,mary's prayers at the hour of death because at that time our salvation is in greatest danger1 and our spiritual enemies most anxious to overcome us4 ,q4 #da4 ,why do we say the ,hail ,mary8 ,a4 ,we say the ,hail ,mary to put us in mind of the ,incarnation1 and to show our devotion to the ,mother of ,god1 and our confidence in her assistance4 ,q4 #db4 ,in what form of prayer is the ,hail ,mary most frequently repeated8 ,a4 ,the ,hail ,mary is most frequently repeated in the recitation of the rosary or beads4 ,q4 #dc4 ,what is the ,angelus8 ,a4 ,the ,angelus is a prayer giving a brief history of the ,incarnation4 ,q4 #dd4 ,say the ,angelus4 ,a4 ,the ,angel of the ,lord declared unto ,mary4 ,and she conceived of the ,holy ,ghost4 ,hail ,mary1 c4 ,behold the handmaid of the ,lord4 ,be it done unto me according to ,thy ,word4 ,hail ,mary1 c4 ,and the ,word was made flesh4 ,and dwelt among us4 ,hail ,mary1 c4 ,pray for us1 ,o ,holy ,mother of ,god6 ,that we may be made worthy of the promises of ,christ4 ,let us pray3 ,pour forth1 we beseech ,thee1 ,o ,lord1 ,thy grace into our hearts that we to whom the ,incarnation of ,christ ,thy ,son was made known by the message of an angel1 may1 by ,his ,passion and cross1 be brought to the glory of ,his resurrection1 through the same ,christ ,our ,lord4 ,amen4 ,q4 #de4 ,at what time is the ,angelus usually said8 ,a4 ,the ,angelus is said in the evening1 it memory of the ,incarnation2 in the morning1 in memory of the ,resurrection1 and at noon in memory of the ,passion of ,our ,lord4 ,q4 #df4 ,what does the ,word was made flesh mean in the ,angelus8 ,a4 ,the ,word means the second person of the ,blessed ,trinity1 and made flesh means became man4 ,q4 #dg4 ,what is the ,litany of the ,blessed ,virgin8 ,a4 ,the ,litany is a form of prayer in which we address our ,blessed ,lady by many beautiful titles1 such as ,mother of ,god1 ,virgin ,most ,pure1 ,refuge of ,sinners1 c41 asking her after each to pray for us4 ,q4 #dh4 ,are there any other ,litanies in use besides the ,litany of the ,blessed ,virgin8 ,a4 ,besides the ,litany of the ,blessed ,virgin there are other ,litanies in use1 especially the ,litany of the ,saints1 the ,litany of the ,holy ,name of ,jesus1 the ,litany of the ,sacred ,heart1 c4 ,,the ,,apostles' ,,creed4 ,q4 #di4 ,say the ,apostles' ,creed4 ,a4 ,i believe in ,god1 the ,father ,almighty1 ,creator of heaven and earth2 and in ,jesus ,christ1 ,his only ,son1 our ,lord2 who was conceived by the ,holy ,ghost1 born of the ,virgin ,mary1 suffered under ,pontius ,pilate1 was crucified2 died1 and was buried4 ,he descended into hell3 the third day ,he arose again from the dead3 ,he ascended into heaven1 sitteth at the right hand of ,god1 the ,father ,almighty2 from thence ,he shall come to judge the living and the dead4 ,i believe in the ,holy ,ghost1 the ,holy ,catholic ,church1 the communion of ,saints1 the forgiveness of sins1 the resurrection of the body1 and the life everlasting4 ,amen4 ,q4 #ej4 ,what is a creed8 ,a4 ,a creed is a summary or list of the chief truths we believe or profess to believe4 ,it is a compendium of doctrine4 ,q4 #ea4 ,why is this creed called the ,apostles'8 ,a4 ,this creed is called the ,apostles' because it came down to us from the ,apostles1 and also to distinguish it from longer creeds in use in the ,church1 such as the ,nicene ,creed1 which is said in the ,mass2 the ,athanasian ,creed1 which is said in the priests' divine ,office1 and the ,creed of ,pope ,pius ,,iv1 which is used on solemn occasions4 ,q4 #eb4 ,do all these creeds teach the same doctrines8 ,a4 ,all these creeds teach the same doctrines1 for the longer creeds are only a fuller explanation of the truths contained in the ,apostles' ,creed4 ,q4 #ec ,who were the ,apostles8 ,a4 ,the ,apostles were the twelve men selected by ,our ,lord to be the first bishops of ,his ,church4 ,q4 #ed4 ,how do you know the ,apostles were bishops8 ,a4 ,i know the ,apostles were bishops because they could administer the ,sacraments of ,confirmation and ,holy ,orders and make laws for the ,church1 as we learn from ,holy ,scripture1 and these powers belong to bishops alone4 ,q4 #ee4 ,who were the disciples of ,our ,lord8 ,a4 ,the disciples were the seventy-two chosen followers of ,our ,lord1 whom ,he sent to preach and perform good works in every city and place whither ,he ,himself was to come4 ,the ,apostles also are frequently called the disciples4 ,q4 #ef4 ,why did the ,apostles leave us a creed8 ,a4 ,the ,apostles left us a creed that all who wished to become ,christians might have a standard of the truths they must know and believe before receiving ,baptism4 ,q4 #eg4 ,how many articles or parts in the ,apostles' ,creed8 ,a4 ,there are twelve articles or parts in the ,apostles' ,creed4 ,they refer to ,god the ,father in the works of creation2 to ,god the ,son in the works of redemption2 to ,god the ,holy ,ghost in the works of sanctification2 and each article contradicts one or more false doctrines on these subjects4 ,q4 #eh4 ,what does ,creation mean8 ,a4 ,to create means to produce out of nothing4 ,god alone has this power1 and ,he alone can be called ,creator4 ,q4 #ei4 ,had ,jesus ,christ more than one ,father8 ,a4 ,god the ,father1 the ,first ,person of the ,blessed ,trinity1 is the only real and true ,father of ,jesus ,christ1 as the ,blessed ,virgin is ,his true ,mother4 ,st4 ,joseph1 whom we also call ,his father1 was only ,his foster-father or guardian upon earth4 ,q4 #fj4 ,by what names is ,our ,lord called8 ,a4 ,our ,lord is called by many names1 such as ,our ,saviour1 ,our ,redeemer1 ,jesus ,christ1 ,son of ,god2 ,second ,person of the ,blessed ,trinity1 the ,messias1 ,son of ,david1 ,lamb of ,god and others to be found in the litanies4 ,each name recalls to our mind some benefit received or prophesy fulfilled4 ,q4 #fa4 ,of what religion was ,pontius ,pilate8 ,a4 ,pontius ,pilate was a pagan2 that is1 a worshiper of false gods4 ,q4 #fb4 ,why do we say died instead of was put to death8 ,a4 ,we say died to show that ,our ,lord gave up ,his life willingly2 for how could ,he be put to death against ,his will1 who could always restore ,his life as ,he did at ,his resurrection8 ,q4 #fc4 ,what is death8 ,a4 ,death in man is caused by the separation of the soul from the body1 for ,adam was made a living being by the union of his soul and body4 ,q4 #fd4 ,why do we say of ,christ ,he was buried8 ,a4 ,we say that ,he was buried to show that ,he was really dead4 ,q4 #fe4 ,did hell always mean only that state in which the damned are punished8 ,a4 ,the word hell was sometimes used to signify the grave or a low place4 ,in the ,apostles' ,creed it means ,limbo4 ,q4 #ff4 ,is ,limbo the same place as ,purgatory8 ,a4 ,limbo is not the same place as ,purgatory1 because the souls in ,purgatory suffer1 while those in ,limbo do not4 ,q4 #fg4 ,who were in ,limbo when ,our ,lord descended into it8 ,a4 ,there were in ,limbo when ,our ,lord descended into it the souls of all those who died the friends of ,god1 but could not enter heaven till the ,ascension of ,our ,lord4 ,q4 #fh4 ,name some holy persons who died before ,christ ascended into heaven4 ,a4 ,among the holy persons who died before ,christ ascended into heaven1 we may mention3 ,abraham1 ,isaac1 ,jacob1 ,moses1 ,david1 the ,prophets1 ,st4 ,ann1 ,st4 ,john the ,baptist1 and ,st4 ,joseph4 ,q4 #fi4 ,what do we mean by ,judge the living and the dead8 ,a4 ,by the living we mean all those who shall be alive upon the earth at the last day1 and by the dead those who have died before that time4 ,or the living may also mean those who are in a state of grace2 and the dead those who are in mortal sin4 ,q4 #gj4 ,how many branches or parts of the ,church are there8 ,a4 ,there are three branches or parts of the ,church1 called the ,church ,militant1 the ,church ,suffering1 and the ,church ,triumphant4 ,q4 #ga4 ,what do we mean by the ,church ,militant8 ,a4 ,by the ,church ,militant or fighting ,church we mean all the faithful who are still upon earth struggling for their salvation by warring against their spiritual enemies4 ,q4 #gb4 ,what do we mean by the ,church ,suffering8 ,a4 ,by the ,church ,suffering we mean the faithful in ,purgatory1 who are being purified from the last stains and consequences of their sins4 ,q4 #gc4 ,what do we mean by the ,church ,triumphant8 ,a4 ,by the ,church ,triumphant we mean all the faithful now in heaven1 rejoicing with ,god that they have defeated their spiritual enemies and attained their salvation4 ,q4 #gd ,explain the ,communion of ,saints4 ,a4 ,the ,communion of ,saints means that the members of the three branches of the ,church can help one another4 ,we can assist the souls in ,purgatory by our prayers and good works1 while the ,saints in heaven intercede for us4 ,q4 #ge4 ,does the ,communion of ,saints mean anything else8 ,a4 ,the ,communion of ,saints means also that we all share in the merits of ,our ,lord and in the superabundant satisfaction of the ,blessed ,virgin and of the ,saints1 as well as in the prayers and good works of the ,church and of the faithful4 ,q4 #gf4 ,have the ,saints their bodies in heaven8 ,a4 ,the ,saints have not yet their bodies in heaven1 as they will have them after the resurrection on the last day4 ,our ,divine ,lord and ,his blessed ,mother are the only persons whose bodies are now in heaven4 ,q4 #gg4 ,are there ,saints in heaven whose names we do not know8 ,a4 ,there are many ,saints in heaven whose names we do not know1 because all who are admitted into heaven are truly ,saints4 ,q4 #gh4 ,to whom do we usually give the name of ,saints8 ,a4 ,we usually apply the name of ,saints to those only whom the ,church has ,canonized4 ,q4 #gi4 ,what is the ,canonization of a ,saint8 ,a4 ,canonization is a solemn ceremony by which the ,church declares that a certain person1 now dead1 was remarkable for extraordinary holiness while on earth1 and is now in heaven worthy of our veneration4 ,q4 #hj4 ,how does the ,canonization of a ,saint take place8 ,a4 ,in the ,canonization of a ,saint 7#a7 the accounts of the person's holy life1 heroic virtue1 and miracles are collected and sent to the ,holy ,see2 7#b7 those accounts are examined by the ,holy ,father or his cardinals1 and1 if found to be true and sufficient1 7#c7 the ,saint is ,canonized or perhaps only beatified4 ,q4 #ha4 ,what is the difference between the honors conferred on a person by beatification and ,canonization8 ,a4 ,beatification limits the honor to be given to the beatified by restricting it to certain places or persons2 whereas ,canonization is the highest honor and permits all to venerate the ,saint everywhere4 ,q4 #hb4 ,why does the ,church ,canonize ,saints8 ,a4 ,the ,church ,canonizes ,saints 7#a7 to honor them1 and 7#b7 to make us certain that they are in heaven1 and may1 therefore1 be invoked in our prayers4 ,q4 #hc4 ,can the ,church err in the ,canonization of a ,saint8 ,a4 ,the ,church cannot err in matters of faith or morals1 and the ,canonization of a ,saint is a matter of faith and morals4 ,q4 #hd4 ,what is the difference between a ,saint and an ,angel8 ,a4 ,the ,saints lived upon the earth in bodies like our own4 ,the ,angels never inhabited the earth1 though they visit it and remain for a time with us4 ,they have not now and never will have bodies4 ,q4 #he4 ,through what means may we obtain the forgiveness of sins8 ,a4 ,we may obtain the forgiveness of sins especially through the ,sacraments of ,baptism and ,penance4 ,q4 #hf4 ,what do we mean by the resurrection of the body8 ,a4 ,by the resurrection of the body we mean that the bodies of the dead shall be restored to life1 rise again on the last day1 and be united to the souls from which they were separated by death4 ,q4 #hg4 ,how is the resurrection possible when the bodies are reduced to ashes and mingled with the soil8 ,a4 ,the resurrection is possible to ,god1 who can do all things1 and who1 having created the bodies out of nothing in the beginning1 can easily collect and put together their scattered parts by an act of ,his all-powerful will4 ,q4 #hh4 ,what does life everlasting mean8 ,a4 ,life everlasting means endless happiness in heaven2 as endless misery in hell may be called everlasting death4 ,q4 #hi4 ,is the ,apostles' ,creed an act of faith8 ,a4 ,the ,apostles' ,creed is an act of faith1 because by it we profess our belief in the truths it contains4 ,,the ,,confiteor4 ,q4 #ij4 ,say the ,confiteor and verses after it4 ,a4 ,i confess to ,almighty ,god1 to blessed ,mary1 ever ,virgin1 to blessed ,michael the ,archangel1 to blessed ,john the ,baptist1 to the holy ,apostles ,peter and ,paul1 and to all the ,saints1 that ,i have sinned exceedingly in thought1 word and deed1 through my fault1 through my fault1 through my most grievous fault4 ,therefore1 ,i beseech blessed ,mary1 ever ,virgin1 blessed ,michael the ,archangel1 blessed ,john the ,baptist1 the holy ,apostles ,peter and ,paul1 and all the ,saints1 to pray to the ,lord our ,god for me4 ,may the ,almighty ,god have mercy on me1 and forgive me my sins1 and bring me to ever-lasting life4 ,amen4 ,may the ,almighty and merciful ,lord grant me pardon1 absolution1 and remission of all my sins4 ,amen4 ,q4 #ia4 ,what does ,confiteor mean8 ,a4 ,confiteor is the first word of this prayer in ,latin1 and means ,i ,confess4 ,q4 #ib4 ,how is the ,confiteor divided8 ,a4 ,the ,confiteor is divided into two parts4 ,in the first part we acknowledge our sins in the presence of ,god and of ,his ,saints and ,angels4 ,in the second part we beg the ,saints and ,angels to aid us in obtaining forgiveness4 ,q4 #ic4 ,what should we bear in mind in saying any prayer1 and especially the ,confiteor8 ,a4 ,while saying any prayer1 and especially the ,confiteor1 we should bear in mind that we are in the presence of ,god1 and of ,his ,saints and ,angels1 who see us and hear us1 though we can not see or hear them4 ,,an ,,act ,,of ,,faith4 ,q4 #id4 ,say the ,act of ,faith4 ,a4 ,o my ,god6 ,i firmly believe that ,thou art one ,god in three ,divine persons1 ,father1 ,son1 and ,holy ,ghost2 ,i believe that ,thy ,divine ,son became man1 and died for our sins1 and that ,he will come to judge the living and the dead4 ,i believe these and all the truths which the ,holy ,catholic ,church teaches1 because ,thou hast revealed them1 who canst neither deceive nor be deceived4 ,q4 #ie4 ,give the substance of an ,act of ,faith4 ,a4 ,the substance of an ,act of ,faith is3 ,i believe all that ,god has revealed and the ,catholic ,church teaches4 ,q4 #if4 ,why do we find ,acts of ,faith of different lengths8 ,a4 ,we find ,acts of ,faith of different lengths1 because some state more fully than others what ,god has revealed and the ,church teaches4 ,,an ,,act ,,of ,,hope4 ,q4 #ig4 ,say the ,act of ,hope4 ,a4 ,o my ,god6 relying on ,thy infinite goodness and promises1 ,i hope to obtain pardon of my sins1 the help of ,thy grace1 and life ever-lasting1 through the merits of ,jesus ,christ1 my ,lord and ,redeemer4 ,q4 #ih4 ,give the substance of an ,act of ,hope4 ,a4 ,the substance of an ,act of ,hope is3 ,i hope for heaven and the means to obtain it4 ,,an ,,act ,,of ,,love4 ,q4 #ii4 ,say the ,act of ,love4 ,a4 ,o my ,god6 ,i love ,thee above all things1 with my whole heart and soul1 because ,thou art all-good and worthy of all love4 ,i love my neighbor as myself for the love of ,thee4 ,i forgive all who have injured me1 and ask pardon of all whom ,i have injured4 ,q4 #ajj4 ,give the substance of an ,act of ,love4 ,a4 ,the substance of an ,act of ,love is3 ,i love ,god above all things for ,his own sake1 and my neighbor as myself for the love of ,god4 ,q4 #aja4 ,how do we show that we love ,god above all things8 ,a4 ,we show that we love ,god above all things by keeping ,his commandments and by never offending ,him for any person or thing4 ,q4 #ajb4 ,what does loving your neighbor as yourself mean8 ,a4 ,loving my neighbor as myself does not mean that ,i must love him as much as myself2 but that ,i must love him with the same kind of love1 that is1 ,i must never do to my neighbor what ,i would not wish my neighbor to do to me2 but1 on the contrary1 do unto others as ,i would have others do unto me4 ,q4 #ajc4 ,do an ,act of ,love and an ,act of ,charity mean the same thing8 ,a4 ,an ,act of ,love and ,act of ,charity do mean the same thing1 because ,charity means love1 or it means an act of kindness that comes from love4 ,q4 #ajd4 ,how may all persons show ,charity to their neighbor8 ,a4 ,all persons may show ,charity to their neighbor by never injuring his character and by always speaking well of him4 ,q4 #aje4 ,are we bound to make ,acts of ,faith1 ,hope and ,love8 ,a4 ,we are bound from time to time during our lives to make ,acts of ,faith1 ,hope and ,love2 otherwise we risk our salvation4 ,,an ,,act ,,of ,,contrition4 ,q4 #ajf4 ,what does ,contrition mean8 ,a4 ,contrition means a state of grief or deep sorrow for our sins4 ,q4 #ajg4 ,say the ,act of ,contrition4 ,a4 ,o my ,god6 ,i am heartily sorry for having offended ,thee1 and ,i detest all my sins1 because ,i dread the loss of heaven and the pains of hell1 but most of all because they offend ,thee1 my ,god1 who art all-good and deserving of all my love4 ,i firmly resolve1 with the help of ,thy grace1 to confess my sins1 to do penance1 and to amend my life4 ,q4 #ajh4 ,give the substance of an ,act of ,contrition4 ,a4 ,the substance of an ,act of ,contrition is3 ,i am sorry for my sins1 because they have offended ,god1 and ,i will never sin again4 ,q4 #aji4 ,why do we find ,acts of ,hope1 ,love1 and ,contrition of different lengths8 ,a4 ,we find ,acts of ,hope1 ,love1 and ,contrition of different lengths1 because some explain more fully than others what we hope for1 why we love ,god and why we are sorry for our sins4 ,,the ,,blessing ,,before ,,meals4 ,q4 #aaj4 ,say the ,blessing before ,meals4 ,a4 ,bless us1 ,o ,lord6 and these ,thy gifts1 which we are about to receive from ,thy bounty1 through ,christ ,our ,lord4 ,amen4 ,,grace ,,after ,,meals4 ,q4 #aaa4 ,say the ,grace after ,meals4 ,a4 ,we give ,thee thanks for all ,thy benefits1 ,o ,almighty ,god1 who livest and reignest for ever2 and may the souls of the faithful departed1 through the mercy of ,god1 rest in peace4 ,amen4 ,q4 #aab4 ,what does ,grace at meals mean8 ,a4 ,grace at meals means the thanks we offer ,god for the food we are about to receive or have just taken4 ,q4 #aac4 ,why should we say ,grace at meals4 ,a4 ,we should say ,grace at meals to show our gratitude to ,god1 who has given us all we possess and daily supplies our wants4 ,q4 #aad4 ,is it wrong to despise or waste our food8 ,a4 ,it is wrong to despise or waste our food1 because we thereby slight the goodness of ,god1 who owes us nothing4 ,q4 #aae4 ,is it a sin to neglect ,grace at meals8 ,a4 ,it is not a sin to neglect ,grace at meals1 but only a mark of our ingratitude2 for if we are to thank ,god for all ,his gifts we should do so especially at the time they are given4 ,,the ,,manner ,,in ,,which ,a ,,lay ,,person ,,is ,,to ,,baptize ,,in ,,case ,,of ,,necessity4 ,q4 #aaf4 ,what do you mean here by a lay person8 ,a4 ,by a lay person ,i mean here any one who is not a priest4 ,all such persons and those not dedicated to the service of the ,altar1 taken together1 are called the laity1 as all those who have received sacred orders or who are dedicated to the service of the ,altar1 taken together1 are called the clergy4 ,q4 #aag4 ,what is meant by in case of necessity8 ,a4 ,in case of necessity means here that a person not baptized is in danger of death and there is no priest present to administer the ,sacrament4 ,q4 #aah4 ,how is ,baptism given by a lay person8 ,a4 ,whoever baptizes must3-- ,pour common water on the head or face of the person to be baptized1 and say while pouring it3 ,i baptize thee1 in the name of the ,father and of the ,son1 and of the ,holy ,ghost4 ,n4,b4--,any person of either sex who has1 reached the use of reason can baptize in case of necessity4 ,q4 #aai4 ,what else is to be observed8 ,a4 ,in baptizing3 7#a7 ,the water must touch the skin and flow2 7#b7 the same person who pours the water must say the words2 7#c7 parents should not baptize their own children1 if there be any other person present who knows how to baptize2 7#d7 a man1 if he be present and knows how to administer the ,sacrament1 should baptize in preference to a woman2 7#e7 the person baptizing must have the intention of doing what the ,church does2 7#f7 he must not repeat the baptism after giving it once correctly4 ,q4 #abj4 ,what is this baptism called8 ,a4 ,the baptism given in case of necessity is called private baptism to distinguish it from solemn baptism1 which is given in the church with all the ceremonies proper to it4 ,q4 #aba4 ,what do you mean by either sex8 ,a4 ,either sex means man or woman2 boy or girl2 any person competent to baptize4 ,q4 #abb4 ,when may we say one has reached the use of reason8 ,a4 ,we may say one has reached the use of reason when he knows the difference between good and bad or right and wrong4 ,persons acquire this knowledge at about the age of seven years4 ,,catechism4 ,q4 #abc4 ,what is a ,catechism8 ,a4 ,a ,catechism is a book in the form of questions and answers treating of any subject1 especially of religion4 ,q4 #abd4 ,of what subject does our ,catechism treat8 ,a4 ,our ,catechism treats of religion2 that is1 of the truths we must believe and of the things we must do to serve ,god4 ,q4 #abe4 ,why is it important for us to learn the ,catechism8 ,a4 ,it is important for us to learn the ,catechism because it teaches us how to serve ,god3 and unless we serve ,god in this world we can not be saved in the next2 therefore1 our knowledge of the ,catechism affects our whole existence4 ,,lesson ,,first4 ,,on ,,the ,,end ,,of ,,man4 ,q4 #abf4 ,what do we mean by the end of man8 ,a4 ,by the end of man we mean the purpose for which he was created3 namely1 to know1 love1 and serve ,god4 ,q4 #abg4 ,how do you know that man was created for ,god alone8 ,a4 ,i know that man was created for ,god alone because everything in the world was created for something more perfect than itself3 but there is nothing in the world more perfect than man2 therefore1 he was created for something outside this world1 and since he was not created for the ,angels1 he must have been created for ,god4 ,q4 #abh4 ,in what respect are all men equal8 ,a4 ,all men are equal in whatever is necessary for their nature and end4 ,they are all composed of a body and soul2 they are all created to the image and likeness of ,god2 they are all gifted with understanding and free will2 and they have all been created for the same end--,god4 ,q4 #abi4 ,do not men differ in many things8 ,a4 ,men differ in many things1 such as learning1 wealth1 power1 etc42 but these things belong to the world and not man's nature4 ,he came into this world without them and he will leave it without them4 ,only the consequences of good or evil done in this world will accompany men to the next4 ,q4 #acj4 #a ,who made the world8 ,a4 ,god made the world4 ,q4 #aca4 ,what does world mean in this question8 ,a4 ,in this question world means the universe2 that is1 the whole creation2 all that we now see or may hereafter see4 ,q4 #acb4 #b ,who is ,god8 ,a4 ,god is the ,creator of heaven and earth1 and of all things4 ,q4 #acc4 #c ,what is man8 ,a4 ,man is a creature composed of body and soul1 and made to the image and likeness of ,god4 ,q4 #acd4 ,does man in the ,catechism mean all human beings8 ,a4 ,man in the ,catechism means all human beings1 either men or women1 boys1 girls1 or children4 ,q4 #ace4 ,what is a creature8 ,a4 ,a creature is anything created1 whether it has life or not2 body or no body4 ,every being1 person1 or thing except ,god ,himself may be called a creature4 ,q4 #acf4 #d ,is this likeness in the body or in the soul8 ,a4 ,this likeness is chiefly in the soul4 ,q4 #acg4 #e ,how is the soul like to ,god8 ,a4 ,the soul is like to ,god because it is a spirit that will never die1 and has understanding and free will4 ,q4 #ach4 ,is every invisible thing a spirit8 ,a4 ,every spirit is invisible--which means can not be seen2 but every invisible thing is not a spirit4 ,the wind is invisible1 and it is not a spirit4 ,q4 #aci4 ,has a spirit any other quality8 ,a4 ,a spirit is also indivisible2 that is1 it can not be divided into parts1 as we divide material things4 ,q4 #adj4 ,what do the words will never die mean8 ,a4 ,by the words will never die we mean that the soul1 when once created1 will never cease to exist1 whatever be its condition in the next world4 ,hence we say the soul is immortal or gifted with immortality4 ,q4 #ada4 ,why then do we say a soul is dead while in a state of mortal sin8 ,a4 ,we say a soul is dead while in a state of mortal sin1 because in that state it is as helpless as a dead body1 and can merit nothing for itself4 ,q4 #adb4 ,what does our understanding mean8 ,a4 ,our understanding means the gift of reason1 by which man is distinguished from all other animals1 and by which he is enabled to think and thus acquire knowledge and regulate his actions4 ,q4 #adc4 ,can we learn all truths by our reason alone8 ,a4 ,we can not learn all truths by our reason alone1 for some truths are beyond the power of our reason and must be taught to us by ,god4 ,q4 #add4 ,what do we call the truths ,god teaches us8 ,a4 ,taken together1 we call the truths ,god teaches us revelation1 and we call the manner by which ,he teaches them also revelation4 ,q4 #ade4 ,what is ,free ,will8 ,a4 ,free ,will is that gift of ,god by which we are enabled to choose between one thing and another2 and to do good or evil in spite of reward or punishment4 ,q4 #adf4 ,have brute animals understanding and free will8 ,a4 ,brute animals have not understanding and free will4 ,they have not understanding because they never change their habits or better their condition4 ,they have not free will because they never show it in their actions4 ,q4 #adg4 ,what gift in animals supplies the place of reason8 ,a4 ,in animals the gift of instinct supplies the place of reason in guiding their actions4 ,q4 #adh4 ,what is instinct8 ,a4 ,instinct is a gift by which all animals are impelled to follow the laws and habits that ,god has given to their nature4 ,q4 #adi4 ,have men as well as brutes instinct8 ,a4 ,men have instinct1 and they show it when placed in sudden danger1 when they have not time to use their reason4 ,a falling man instantly grasps for something to support him4 ,q4 #aej4 #f ,why did ,god make you8 ,a4 ,god made me to know ,him1 to love ,him1 and to serve ,him in this world1 and to be happy with ,him forever in the next4 ,q4 #aea4 ,why is it necessary to know ,god8 ,a4 ,it is necessary to know ,god because without knowing ,him we cannot love ,him2 and without loving ,him we cannot be saved4 ,we should know ,him because ,he is infinitely true2 love ,him because ,he is infinitely beautiful2 and serve ,him because ,he is infinitely good4 ,q4 #aeb4 #g ,of which must we take more care1 our soul or our body8 ,a4 ,we must take more care of our soul than of our body4 ,q4 #aec4 #h ,why must we take more care of our soul than of our body8 ,a4 ,we must take more care of our soul than of our body1 because in losing our soul we lose ,god and everlasting happiness4 ,q4 #aed4 #i ,what must we do to save our souls8 ,a4 ,to save our souls1 we must worship ,god by faith1 hope1 and charity2 that is1 we must believe in ,him1 hope in ,him1 and love ,him with all our heart4 ,q4 #aee4 ,what does worship mean8 ,a4 ,worship means to give divine honor by acts such as the offering of prayer or sacrifice4 ,q4 #aef4 #aj ,how shall we know the things which we are to believe8 ,a4 ,we shall know the things which we are to believe from the ,catholic ,church1 through which ,god speaks to us4 ,q4 #aeg4 ,what do we mean by the ,church1 through which ,god speaks to us8 ,a4 ,by the ,church1 through which ,god speaks to us1 we mean the teaching ,church2 that is1 the ,pope1 ,bishops1 and priests1 whose duty it is to instruct us in the truths and practices of our religion4 ,q4 #aeh4 #aa ,where shall we find the chief truths which the ,church teaches8 ,a4 ,we shall find the chief truths which the ,church teaches in the ,apostles' ,creed4 ,q4 #aei4 ,if we shall find only the chief truths in the ,apostles' ,creed1 where shall we find the remaining truths8 ,a4 ,we shall find the remaining truths of our ,faith in the religious writings and preachings that have been sanctioned by the authority of the ,church4 ,q4 #afj4 ,name some sacred truths not mentioned in the ,apostles' ,creed4 ,a4 ,in the ,apostles' ,creed there is no mention of the ,real ,presence of ,our ,lord in the ,holy ,eucharist1 nor of the ,infallibility of the ,pope1 nor of the ,immaculate ,conception of the ,blessed ,virgin ,mary1 nor of some other truths that we are bound to believe4 ,q4 #afa4 #ab ,say the ,apostles' ,creed4 ,a4 ,i believe in ,god1 the ,father ,almighty1 ,creator of heaven and earth2 and in ,jesus ,christ1 ,his only ,son1 our ,lord2 who was conceived by the ,holy ,ghost1 born of the ,virgin ,mary1 suffered under ,pontius ,pilate1 was crucified2 died1 and was buried4 ,he descended into hell3 the third day ,he arose again from the dead3 ,he ascended into heaven1 sitteth at the right hand of ,god1 the ,father ,almighty3 from thence ,he shall come to judge the living and the dead4 ,i believe in the ,holy ,ghost1 the ,holy ,catholic ,church1 the communion of ,saints1 the forgiveness of sins1 the resurrection of the body1 and the life everlasting4 ,amen4 ,,lesson ,,second4 ,,on ,,god ,,and ,,his ,,perfections4 ,q4 #afb4 ,what is a perfection8 ,a4 ,a perfection is any good quality a thing should have4 ,a thing is perfect when it has all the good qualities it should have4 ,q4 #afc4 #ac ,what is ,god8 ,a4 ,god is a spirit infinitely perfect4 ,q4 #afd4 ,what do we mean when we say ,god is infinitely perfect8 ,a4 ,when we say ,god is infinitely perfect we mean there is no limit or bounds to ,his perfection2 for ,he possesses all good qualities in the highest possible degree and ,he alone is infinitely perfect4 ,q4 #afe4 #ad ,had ,god a beginning8 ,a4 ,god had no beginning2 ,he always was and ,he always will be4 ,q4 #aff4 #ae ,where is ,god8 ,a4 ,god is everywhere4 ,q4 #afg4 ,how is ,god everywhere8 ,a4 ,god is everywhere whole and entire as ,he is in any one place4 ,this is true and we must believe it1 though we cannot understand it4 ,q4 #afh4 #af ,if ,god is everywhere1 why do we not see ,him8 ,a4 ,we do not see ,god1 because ,he is a pure spirit and cannot be seen with bodily eyes4 ,q4 #afi4 ,why do we call ,god a pure spirit8 ,a4 ,we call ,god a pure spirit because ,he has no body4 ,our soul is a spirit1 but not a pure spirit1 because it was created for union with our body4 ,q4 #agj4 ,why can we not see ,god with the eyes of our body8 ,a4 ,we cannot see ,god with the eyes of our body because they are created to see only material things1 and ,god is not material but spiritual4 ,q4 #aga4 #ag ,does ,god see us8 ,a4 ,god sees us and watches over us4 ,q4 #agb4 ,is it necessary for ,god to watch over us8 ,a4 ,it is necessary for ,god to watch over us1 for without ,his constant care we could not exist4 ,q4 #agc4 #ah ,does ,god know all things8 ,a4 ,god knows all things1 even our most secret thoughts1 words1 and actions4 ,q4 #agd4 #ai ,can ,god do all things8 ,a4 ,god can do all things1 and nothing is hard or impossible to ,him4 ,q4 #age4 ,when is a thing said to be impossible8 ,a4 ,a thing is said to be impossible when it cannot be done4 ,many things that are impossible for creatures are possible for ,god4 ,q4 #agf4 #bj ,is ,god just1 holy1 and merciful8 ,a4 ,god is all just1 all holy1 all merciful1 as ,he is infinitely perfect4 ,q4 #agg4 ,why must ,god be just as well as merciful8 ,a4 ,god must be just as well as merciful because ,he must fulfill ,his promise to punish those who merit punishment1 and because ,he cannot be infinite in one perfection without being infinite in all4 ,q4 #agh4 ,into what sins will the forgetfulness of ,god's justice lead us8 ,a4 ,the forgetfulness of ,god's justice will lead us into sins of presumption4 ,q4 #agi4 ,into what sins will the forgetfulness of ,god's mercy lead us8 ,a4 ,the forgetfulness of ,god's mercy will lead us into sins of despair4 ,,lesson ,,third4 ,,on ,,the ,,unity ,,and ,,trinity ,,of ,,god4 ,q4 #ahj4 ,what does unity1 and what does trinity mean8 ,a4 ,unity means being one1 and trinity means three-fold or three in one4 ,q4 #aha4 ,can we find an example to fully illustrate the mystery of the ,blessed ,trinity8 ,a4 ,we cannot find an example to fully illustrate the mystery of the ,blessed ,trinity1 because the mysteries of our holy religion are beyond comparison4 ,q4 #ahb4 #ba ,is there but one ,god8 ,a4 ,yes2 there is but one ,god4 ,q4 #ahc4 #bb ,why can there be but one ,god8 ,a4 ,there can be but one ,god because ,god1 being supreme and infinite1 cannot have an equal4 ,q4 #ahd4 ,what does supreme mean8 ,a4 ,supreme means the highest in authority2 also the most excellent or greatest possible in anything4 ,thus in all things ,god is supreme1 and in the ,church the ,pope is supreme4 ,q4 #ahe4 ,when are two persons said to be equal8 ,a4 ,two persons are said to be equal when one is in no way greater than or inferior to the other4 ,q4 #ahf4 #bc ,how many persons are there in ,god8 ,a4 ,in ,god there are three ,divine persons1 really distinct1 and equal in all things--the ,father1 the ,son1 and the ,holy ,ghost4 ,q4 #ahg4 ,what do divine and distinct mean8 ,a4 ,divine means pertaining to ,god1 and distinct means separate2 that is1 not confounded or mixed with any other thing4 ,q4 #ahh4 #bd ,is the ,father ,god8 ,a4 ,the ,father is ,god and the first ,person of the ,blessed ,trinity4 ,q4 #ahi4 #be ,is the ,son ,god8 ,a4 ,the ,son is ,god and the second ,person of the ,blessed ,trinity4 ,q4 #aij4 #bf ,is the ,holy ,ghost ,god8 ,a4 ,the ,holy ,ghost is ,god and the third ,person of the ,blessed ,trinity4 ,q4 #aia4 ,do first1 second1 and third with regard to the persons of the ,blessed ,trinity mean that one person existed before the other or that one is greater than the other8 ,a4 ,first1 second1 and third with regard to the persons of the ,blessed ,trinity do not mean that one person was before the other or that one is greater than the other2 for all the persons of the ,trinity are eternal and equal in every respect4 ,these numbers are used to mark the distinction between the persons1 and they show the order in which the one proceeded from the other4 ,q4 #aib4 #bg ,what do you mean by the ,blessed ,trinity8 ,a4 ,by the ,blessed ,trinity ,i mean one ,god in three ,divine ,persons4 ,q4 #aic4 #bh ,are the three ,divine ,persons equal in all things8 ,a4 ,the three ,divine ,persons are equal in all things4 ,q4 #aid4 #bi ,are the three ,divine ,persons one and the same ,god8 ,a4 ,the three ,divine ,persons are one and the same ,god1 having one and the same ,divine nature and substance4 ,q4 #aie4 ,what do we mean by the nature and substance of a thing8 ,a4 ,by the nature of a thing we mean the combination of all the qualities that make the thing what it is4 ,by the substance of a thing we mean the part that never changes1 and which cannot be changed without destroying the nature of the thing4 ,q4 #aif4 #cj ,can we fully understand how the three ,divine ,persons are one and the same ,god8 ,a4 ,we cannot fully understand how the three ,divine ,persons are one and the same ,god1 because this is a mystery4 ,q4 #aig4 #ca ,what is a mystery8 ,a4 ,a mystery is a truth which we cannot fully understand4 ,q4 #aih4 ,is every truth which we cannot understand a mystery8 ,a4 ,every truth which we cannot understand is not a mystery2 but every revealed truth which no one can understand is a mystery4 ,q4 #aii4 ,should we believe truths which we cannot understand8 ,a4 ,we should and often do believe truths which we cannot understand when we have proof of their existence4 ,q4 #bjj4 ,give an example of truths which all believe1 though many do not understand them4 ,a4 ,all believe that the earth is round and moving1 though many do not understand it4 ,all believe that a seed planted in the ground will produce a flower or tree often with more than a thousand other seeds equal to itself1 though many cannot understand how this is done4 ,q4 #bja4 ,why must a divine religion have mysteries8 ,a4 ,a divine religion must have mysteries because it must have supernatural truths and ,god ,himself must teach them4 ,a religion that has only natural truths1 such as man can know by reason alone1 fully understand and teach1 is only a human religion4 ,q4 #bjb4 ,why does ,god require us to believe mysteries8 ,a4 ,god requires us to believe mysteries that we may submit our understanding to ,him4 ,q4 #bjc4 ,by what form of prayer do we praise the ,holy ,trinity8 ,a4 ,we praise the ,holy ,trinity by a form of prayer called the ,doxology1 which has come down to us almost from the time of the ,apostles4 ,q4 #bjd4 ,say the ,doxology4 ,a4 ,the ,doxology is3 ,glory be to the ,father1 and to the ,son1 and to the ,holy ,ghost4 ,as it was in the beginning1 is now1 and ever shall be1 world without end4 ,amen4 ,q4 #bje4 ,is there any other form of the ,doxology8 ,a4 ,there is another form of the ,doxology1 which is said in the celebration of the ,mass4 ,it is called the ,gloria in excelsis or ,glory be to ,god on high1 c41 the words sung by the ,angels at the birth of ,our ,lord4 ,,lesson ,,fourth4 ,,on ,,creation4 ,q4 #bjf4 ,what is the difference between making and creating8 ,a4 ,making means bringing forth or forming out of some material already existing1 as workmen do4 ,creating means bringing forth out of nothing1 as ,god alone can do4 ,q4 #bjg4 ,has everything that exists been created8 ,a4 ,everything that exists except ,god ,himself has been created4 ,q4 #bjh4 #cb ,who created heaven and earth1 and all things8 ,a4 ,god created heaven and earth1 and all things4 ,q4 #bji4 ,from what do we learn that ,god created heaven and earth and all things8 ,a4 ,we learn that ,god created heaven and earth and all things from the ,bible or ,holy ,scripture1 in which the account of the ,creation is given4 ,q4 #baj4 ,why did ,god create all things8 ,a4 ,god created all things for ,his own glory and for their or our good4 ,q4 #baa4 ,did ,god leave all things to themselves after ,he had created them8 ,a4 ,god did not leave all things to themselves after ,he had created them2 ,he continues to preserve and govern them4 ,q4 #bab4 ,what do we call the care by which ,god preserves and governs the world and all it contains8 ,a4 ,we call the care by which ,god preserves and governs the world and all it contains ,his providence4 ,q4 #bac4 #cc ,how did ,god create heaven and earth8 ,a4 ,god created heaven and earth from nothing by ,his word only2 that is1 by a single act of ,his all-powerful will4 ,q4 #bad4 #cd ,which are the chief creatures of ,god8 ,a4 ,the chief creatures of ,god are angels and men4 ,q4 #bae4 ,how may ,god's creatures on earth be divided8 ,a4 ,god's creatures on earth may be divided into four classes3 7#a7 ,things that exist1 as air2 7#b7 ,things that exist1 grow and live1 as plants and trees2 7#c7 ,things that exist1 grow1 live and feel1 as animals2 7#d7 ,things that exist1 grow1 live1 feel and understand1 as man4 ,q4 #baf4 #ce ,what are angels8 ,a4 ,angels are pure spirits without a body1 created to adore and enjoy ,god in heaven4 ,q4 #bag4 ,if ,angels have no bodies1 how could they appear8 ,a4 ,angels could appear by taking bodies to render themselves visible for a time2 just as the ,holy ,ghost took the form of a dove and the devil took the form of a serpent4 ,q4 #bah4 ,name some persons to whom ,angels appeared4 ,a4 ,angels appeared to the ,blessed ,virgin and ,st4 ,joseph2 also to ,abraham1 ,lot1 ,jacob1 ,tobias and others4 ,q4 #bai4 #cf ,were the angels created for any other purpose8 ,a4 ,the angels were also created to assist before the throne of ,god and to minister unto ,him2 they have often been sent as messengers from ,god to man2 and are also appointed our guardians4 ,q4 #bbj4 ,are all the ,angels equal in dignity8 ,a4 ,all the ,angels are not equal in dignity4 ,there are nine choirs or classes mentioned in the ,holy ,scripture4 ,the highest are called ,seraphim and the lowest simply ,angels4 ,the ,archangels are one class higher than ordinary ,angels4 ,q4 #bba4 ,mention some ,archangels and tell what they did4 ,a4 ,the ,archangel ,michael drove ,satan out of heaven2 the ,archangel ,gabriel announced to the ,blessed ,virgin that she was to become the ,mother of ,god4 ,the ,archangel ,raphael guided and protected ,tobias4 ,q4 #bbb4 ,were ,angels ever sent to punish men8 ,a4 ,angels were sometimes sent to punish men4 ,an ,angel killed #ahe1jjj men in the army of a wicked king who had blasphemed ,god2 an ,angel also slew the first-born in the families of the ,egyptians who had persecuted ,god's people4 ,q4 #bbc4 ,what do our guardian ,angels do for us8 ,a4 ,our guardian ,angels pray for us1 protect and guide us1 and offer our prayers1 good works and desires to ,god4 ,q4 #bbd4 ,how do we know that ,angels offer our prayers and good works to ,god8 ,a4 ,we know that ,angels offer our prayers and good works to ,god because it is so stated in ,holy ,scripture1 and ,holy ,scripture is the ,word of ,god4 ,q4 #bbe4 ,why did ,god appoint guardian ,angels if ,he watches over us ,himself8 ,a4 ,god appointed guardian ,angels to secure for us their help and prayers1 and also to show ,his great love for us in giving us these special servants and faithful friends4 ,q4 #bbf4 #cg ,were the angels1 as ,god created them1 good and happy8 ,a4 ,the angels1 as ,god created them1 were good and happy4 ,q4 #bbg4 #ch ,did all the angels remain good and happy8 ,a4 ,all the angels did not remain good and happy2 many of them sinned and were cast into hell1 and these are called devils or bad angels4 ,q4 #bbh4 ,do we know the number of good and bad ,angels8 ,a4 ,we do not know the number of the good or bad ,angels1 but we know it is very great4 ,q4 #bbi4 ,what was the devil's name before he fell1 and why was he cast out of heaven8 ,a4 ,before he fell1 ,satan1 or the devil1 was called ,lucifer1 or light-bearer1 a name which indicates great beauty4 ,he was cast out of heaven because through pride he rebelled against ,god4 ,q4 #bcj4 ,how do the bad ,angels act toward us8 ,a4 ,the bad ,angels try by every means to lead us into sin4 ,the efforts they make are called temptations of the devil4 ,q4 #bca4 ,why does the devil tempt us8 ,a4 ,the devil tempts us because he hates goodness1 and does not wish us to enjoy the happiness which he himself has lost4 ,q4 #bcb4 ,can we by our own power overcome the temptations of the devil8 ,a4 ,we cannot by our own power overcome the temptations of the devil1 because the devil is wiser than we are2 for1 being an ,angel1 he is more intelligent1 and he did not lose his intelligence by falling into sin any more than we do now4 ,therefore1 to overcome his temptations we need the help of ,god4 ,,lesson ,,fifth4 ,,on ,,our ,,first ,,parents ,,and ,,the ,,fall4 ,q4 #bcc4 #ci ,who were the first man and woman8 ,a4 ,the first man and woman were ,adam and ,eve4 ,q4 #bcd4 ,are there any persons in the world who are not the descendants of ,adam and ,eve8 ,a4 ,there are no persons in the world now1 and there never have been any1 who are not the descendants of ,adam and ,eve1 because the whole human race had but one origin4 ,q4 #bce4 ,do not the differences in color1 figure1 c41 which we find in distinct races indicate a difference in first parents8 ,a4 ,the differences in color1 figure1 c41 which we find in distinct races do not indicate a difference in first parents1 for these differences have been brought about in the lapse of time by other causes1 such as climate1 habits1 etc4 ,q4 #bcf4 #dj ,were ,adam and ,eve innocent and holy when they came from the hand of ,god8 ,a4 ,adam and ,eve were innocent and holy when they came from the hand of ,god4 ,q4 #bcg4 ,what do we mean by saying ,adam and ,eve were innocent when they came from the hand of ,god8 ,a4 ,when we say ,adam and ,eve were innocent when they came from the hand of ,god we mean they were in the state of original justice2 that is1 they were gifted with every virtue and free from every sin4 ,q4 #bch4 ,how was ,adam's body formed8 ,a4 ,god formed ,adam's body out of the clay of the earth and then breathed into it a living soul4 ,q4 #bci4 ,how was ,eve's body formed8 ,a4 ,eve's body was formed from a rib taken from ,adam's side during a deep sleep which ,god caused to come upon him4 ,q4 #bdj4 ,why did ,god make ,eve from one of ,adam's ribs8 ,a4 ,god made ,eve from one of ,adam's ribs to show the close relationship existing between husband and wife in their marriage union which ,god then instituted4 ,q4 #bda4 ,could man's body be developed from the body of an inferior animal8 ,a4 ,man's body could be developed from the body of an inferior animal if ,god so willed2 but science does not prove that man's body was thus formed1 while revelation teaches that it was formed directly by ,god from the clay of the earth4 ,q4 #bdb4 ,could man's soul and intelligence be formed by the development of animal life and instinct8 ,a4 ,man's soul could not be formed by the development of animal instinct2 for1 being entirely spiritual1 it must be created by ,god1 and it is united to the body as soon as the body is prepared to receive it4 ,q4 #bdc4 #da ,did ,god give any command to ,adam and ,eve8 ,a4 ,to try their obedience1 ,god commanded ,adam and ,eve not to eat of a certain fruit which grew in the garden of ,paradise4 ,q4 #bdd4 ,what was the ,garden of ,paradise8 ,a4 ,the ,garden of ,paradise was a large and beautiful place prepared for man's habitation upon earth4 ,it was supplied with every species of plant and animal and with everything that could contribute to man's happiness4 ,q4 #bde4 ,where was the ,garden of ,paradise situated8 ,a4 ,the exact place in which the ,garden of ,paradise--called also the ,garden of ,eden--was situated is not known1 for the deluge may have so changed the surface of the earth that old landmarks were wiped out4 ,it was probably some place in ,asia1 not far from the river ,euphrates4 ,q4 #bdf4 ,what was the tree bearing the forbidden fruit called8 ,a4 ,the tree bearing the forbidden fruit was called the tree of knowledge of good and evil4 ,q4 #bdg4 ,do we know the name of any other tree in the garden8 ,a4 ,we know the name of another tree in the ,garden called the tree of life4 ,its fruit kept the bodies of our first parents in a state of perfect health4 ,q4 #bdh4 #db ,which were the chief blessings intended for ,adam and ,eve had they remained faithful to ,god8 ,a4 ,the chief blessings intended for ,adam and ,eve1 had they remained faithful to ,god1 were a constant state of happiness in this life and everlasting glory in the next4 ,q4 #bdi4 #dc ,did ,adam and ,eve remain faithful to ,god8 ,a4 ,adam and ,eve did not remain faithful to ,god1 but broke ,his command by eating the forbidden fruit4 ,q4 #bej4 ,who was the first to disobey ,god8 ,a4 ,eve was the first to disobey ,god1 and she induced ,adam to do likewise4 ,q4 #bea4 ,how was ,eve tempted to sin8 ,a4 ,eve was tempted to sin by the devil1 who came in the form of a serpent and persuaded her to break ,god's command4 ,q4 #beb4 ,which were the chief causes that led ,eve into sin8 ,a4 ,the chief causes that led ,eve into sin were3 7#a7 ,she went into the danger of sinning by admiring what was forbidden1 instead of avoiding it2 7#b7 ,she did not fly from the temptation at once1 but debated about yielding to it4 ,similar conduct on our part will lead us also into sin4 ,q4 #bec4 #dd ,what befell ,adam and ,eve on account of their sin8 ,a4 ,adam and ,eve1 on account of their sin1 lost innocence and holiness1 and were doomed to sickness and death4 ,q4 #bed4 ,what other evils befell ,adam and ,eve on account of their sin8 ,a4 ,many other evils befell ,adam and ,eve on account of their sin4 ,they were driven out of ,paradise and condemned to toil4 ,god also ordained that henceforth the earth should yield no crops without cultivation1 and that the beasts1 man's former friends1 should become his savage enemies4 ,q4 #bee4 ,were we to remain in the ,garden of ,paradise forever if ,adam had not sinned8 ,a4 ,we were not to remain in the ,garden of ,paradise forever even if ,adam had not sinned1 but after passing through the years of our probation or trial upon earth we were to be taken1 body and soul1 into heaven without suffering death4 ,q4 #bef4 #de ,what evil befell us on account of the disobedience of our first parents8 ,a4 ,on account of the disobedience of our first parents1 we all share in their sin and punishment1 as we should have shared in their happiness if they had remained faithful4 ,q4 #beg4 ,is it not unjust to punish us for the sin of our first parents8 ,a4 ,it is not unjust to punish us for the sin of our first parents1 because their punishment consisted in being deprived of a free gift of ,god2 that is1 of the gift of original justice to which they had no strict right and which they wilfully forfeited by their act of disobedience4 ,q4 #beh4 ,but how did the loss of the gift of original justice leave our first parents and us in mortal sin8 ,a4 ,the loss of the gift of original justice left our first parents and us in mortal sin because it deprived them of the ,grace of ,god1 and to be without this gift of ,grace which they should have had was to be in mortal sin4 ,as all their children are deprived of the same gift1 they1 too1 come into the world in a state of mortal sin4 ,q4 #bei4 #df ,what other effects followed from the sin of our first parents8 ,a4 ,our nature was corrupted by the sin of our first parents1 which darkened our understanding1 weakened our will1 and left in us a strong inclination to evil4 ,q4 #bfj4 ,what do we mean by our nature was corrupted8 ,a4 ,when we say our nature was corrupted we mean that our whole being1 body and soul1 was injured in all its parts and powers4 ,q4 #bfa4 ,why do we say our understanding was darkened8 ,a4 ,we say our understanding was darkened because even with much learning we have not the clear knowledge1 quick perception and retentive memory that ,adam had before his fall from grace4 ,q4 #bfb4 ,why do we say our will was weakened8 ,a4 ,we say our will was weakened to show that our free will was not entirely taken away by ,adam's sin1 and that we have it still in our power to use our free will in doing good or evil4 ,q4 #bfc4 ,in what does the strong inclination to evil that is left in us consist8 ,a4 ,this strong inclination to evil that is left in us consists in the continual efforts our senses and appetites make to lead our souls into sin4 ,the body is inclined to rebel against the soul1 and the soul itself to rebel against ,god4 ,q4 #bfd4 ,what is this strong inclination to evil called1 and why did ,god permit it to remain in us8 ,a4 ,this strong inclination to evil is called concupiscence1 and ,god permits it to remain in us that by ,his grace we may resist it and thus increase our merits4 ,q4 #bfe4 #dg ,what is the sin called which we inherit from our first parents8 ,a4 ,the sin which we inherit from our first parents is called original sin4 ,q4 #bff4 #dh ,why is this sin called original8 ,a4 ,this sin is called original because it comes down to us from our first parents1 and we are brought into the world with its guilt on our soul4 ,q4 #bfg4 #di ,does this corruption of our nature remain in us after original sin is forgiven8 ,a4 ,this corruption of our nature and other punishments remain in us after original sin is forgiven4 ,q4 #bfh4 #ej ,was any one ever preserved from original sin8 ,a4 ,the ,blessed ,virgin ,mary1 through the merits of her ,divine ,son1 was preserved free from the guilt of original sin1 and this privilege is called her ,immaculate ,conception4 ,q4 #bfi4 ,why was the ,blessed ,virgin preserved from original sin8 ,a4 ,the ,blessed ,virgin was preserved from original sin because it would not be consistent with the dignity of the ,son of ,god to have ,his ,mother1 even for an instant1 in the power of the devil and an enemy of ,god4 ,q4 #bgj4 ,how could the ,blessed ,virgin be preserved from sin by her ,divine ,son1 before her ,son was born8 ,a4 ,the ,blessed ,virgin could be preserved from sin by her ,divine ,son before ,he was born as man1 for ,he always existed as ,god and foresaw ,his own future merits and the dignity of ,his ,mother4 ,he therefore by ,his future merits provided for her privilege of exemption from original sin4 ,q4 #bga4 ,what does the ,immaculate ,conception mean8 ,a4 ,the ,immaculate ,conception means the ,blessed ,virgin's own exclusive privilege of coming into existence1 through the merits of ,jesus ,christ1 without the stain of original sin4 ,it does not mean1 therefore1 her sinless life1 perpetual virginity or the miraculous conception of ,our ,divine ,lord by the power of the ,holy ,ghost4 ,q4 #bgb4 ,what has always been the belief of the ,church concerning this truth8 ,a4 ,the ,church has always believed in the ,immaculate ,conception of the ,blessed ,virgin and to place this truth beyond doubt has declared it an ,article of ,faith4 ,q4 #bgc4 ,to what should the thoughts of the ,immaculate ,conception lead us8 ,a4 ,the thoughts of the ,immaculate ,conception should lead us to a great love of purity and to a desire of imitating the ,blessed ,virgin in the practice of that holy virtue4 ,,lesson ,,sixth4 ,,on ,,sin ,,and ,,its ,,kinds4 ,q4 #bgd4 ,how is sin divided8 ,a4 7#a7 ,sin is divided into the sin we inherit called original sin1 and the sin we commit ourselves1 called actual sin4 7#b7 ,actual sin is sub-divided into greater sins1 called mortal1 and lesser sins1 called venial4 ,q4 #bge4 ,in how many ways may actual sin be committed8 ,a4 ,actual sin may be committed in two ways3 namely1 by wilfully doing things forbidden1 or by wilfully neglecting things commanded4 ,q4 #bgf4 ,what is our sin called when we neglect things commanded8 ,a4 ,when we neglect things commanded our sin is called a sin of omission4 ,such sins as wilfully neglecting to hear ,mass on ,sundays1 or neglecting to go to ,confession at least once a year1 are sins of omission4 ,q4 #bgg4 #ea ,is original sin the only kind of sin8 ,a4 ,original sin is not the only kind of sin2 there is another kind of sin1 which we commit ourselves1 called actual sin4 ,q4 #bgh4 #eb ,what is actual sin8 ,a4 ,actual sin is any wilful thought1 word1 deed1 or omission contrary to the law of ,god4 ,q4 #bgi4 #ec ,how many kinds of actual sin are there8 ,a4 ,there are two kinds of actual sin--mortal and venial4 ,q4 #bhj4 #ed ,what is mortal sin8 ,a4 ,mortal sin is a grievous offense against the law of ,god4 ,q4 #bha4 #ee ,why is this sin called mortal8 ,a4 ,this sin is called mortal because it deprives us of spiritual life1 which is sanctifying grace1 and brings everlasting death and damnation on the soul4 ,q4 #bhb4 #ef ,how many things are necessary to make a sin mortal8 ,a4 ,to make a sin mortal1 three things are necessary3 a grievous matter1 sufficient reflection1 and full consent of the will4 ,q4 #bhc4 ,what do we mean by grievous matter with regard to sin8 ,a4 ,by grievous matter with regard to sin we mean that the thought1 word or deed by which mortal sin is committed must be either very bad in itself or severely prohibited1 and therefore sufficient to make a mortal sin if we deliberately yield to it4 ,q4 #bhd4 ,what does sufficient reflection and full consent of the will mean8 ,a4 ,sufficient reflection means that we must know the thought1 word or deed to be sinful at the time we are guilty of it2 and full consent of the will means that we must fully and wilfully yield to it4 ,q4 #bhe4 ,what are sins committed without reflection or consent called8 ,a4 ,sins committed without reflection or consent are called material sins2 that is1 they would be formal or real sins if we knew their sinfulness at the time we committed them4 ,thus to eat flesh meat on a day of abstinence without knowing it to be a day of abstinence or without thinking of the prohibition1 would be a material sin4 ,q4 #bhf4 ,do past material sins become real sins as soon as we discover their sinfulness8 ,a4 ,past material sins do not become real sins as soon as we discover their sinfulness1 unless we again repeat them with full knowledge and consent4 ,q4 #bhg4 ,how can we know what sins are considered mortal8 ,a4 ,we can know what sins are considered mortal from ,holy ,scripture2 from the teaching of the ,church1 and from the writings of the ,fathers and ,doctors of the ,church4 ,q4 #bhh4 ,why is it wrong to judge others guilty of sin8 ,a4 ,it is wrong to judge others guilty of sin because we cannot know for certain that their sinful act was committed with sufficient reflection and full consent of the will4 ,q4 #bhi4 ,what sin does he commit who without sufficient reason believes another guilty of sin8 ,a4 ,he who without sufficient reason believes another guilty of sin commits a sin of rash judgment4 ,q4 #bij4 #eg ,what is venial sin8 ,a4 ,venial sin is a slight offense against the law of ,god in matters of less importance1 or in matters of great importance it is an offense committed without sufficient reflection or full consent of the will4 ,q4 #bia4 ,can we always distinguish venial from mortal sin8 ,a4 ,we cannot always distinguish venial from mortal sin1 and in such cases we must leave the decision to our confessor4 ,q4 #bib4 ,can slight offenses ever become mortal sins8 ,a4 ,slight offenses can become mortal sins if we commit them through defiant contempt for ,god or ,his law2 and also when they are followed by very evil consequences1 which we foresee in committing them4 ,q4 #bic4 #eh ,which are the effects of venial sin8 ,a4 ,the effects of venial sin are the lessening of the love of ,god in our heart1 the making us less worthy of ,his help1 and the weakening of the power to resist mortal sin4 ,q4 #bid4 ,how can we know a thought1 word or deed to be sinful8 ,a4 ,we can know a thought1 word or deed to be sinful if it1 or the neglect of it1 is forbidden by any law of ,god or of ,his ,church1 or if it is opposed to any supernatural virtue4 ,q4 #bie4 #ei ,which are the chief sources of sin8 ,a4 ,the chief sources of sin are seven3 ,pride1 ,covetousness1 ,lust1 ,anger1 ,gluttony1 ,envy1 and ,sloth1 and they are commonly called capital sins4 ,q4 #bif4 ,what is pride8 ,a4 ,pride is an excessive love of our own ability2 so that we would rather sinfully disobey than humble ourselves4 ,q4 #big4 ,what effect has pride on our souls8 ,a4 ,pride begets in our souls sinful ambition1 vainglory1 presumption and hypocrisy4 ,q4 #bih4 ,what is covetousness8 ,a4 ,covetousness is an excessive desire for worldly things4 ,q4 #bii4 ,what effect has covetousness on our souls8 ,a4 ,covetousness begets in our souls unkindness1 dishonesty1 deceit and want of charity4 ,q4 #cjj4 ,what is lust8 ,a4 ,lust is an excessive desire for the sinful pleasures forbidden by the ,sixth ,commandment4 ,q4 #cja4 ,what effect has lust on our souls8 ,a4 ,lust begets in our souls a distaste for holy things1 a perverted conscience1 a hatred for ,god1 and it very frequently leads to a complete loss of faith4 ,q4 #cjb4 ,what is anger8 ,a4 ,anger is an excessive emotion of the mind excited against any person or thing1 or it is an excessive desire for revenge4 ,q4 #cjc4 ,what effect has anger on our soul8 ,a4 ,anger begets in our souls impatience1 hatred1 irreverence1 and too often the habit of cursing4 ,q4 #cjd4 ,what is gluttony8 ,a4 ,gluttony is an excessive desire for food or drink4 ,q4 #cje4 ,what kind of a sin is drunkenness8 ,a4 ,drunkenness is a sin of gluttony by which a person deprives himself of the use of his reason by the excessive taking of intoxicating drink4 ,q4 #cjf4 ,is drunkenness always a mortal sin8 ,a4 ,deliberate drunkenness is always a mortal sin if the person be completely deprived of the use of reason by it1 but drunkenness that is not intended or desired may be excused from mortal sin4 ,q4 #cjg4 ,what are the chief effects of habitual drunkenness8 ,a4 ,habitual drunkenness injures the body1 weakens the mind1 leads its victim into many vices and exposes him to the danger of dying in a state of mortal sin4 ,q4 #cjh4 ,what three sins seem to cause most evil in the world8 ,a4 ,drunkenness1 dishonesty and impurity seem to cause most evil in the world1 and they are therefore to be carefully avoided at all times4 ,q4 #cji4 ,what is envy8 ,a4 ,envy is a feeling of sorrow at another's good fortune and joy at the evil which befalls him2 as if we ourselves were injured by the good and benefited by the evil that comes to him4 ,q4 #caj4 ,what effect has envy on the soul8 ,a4 ,envy begets in the soul a want of charity for our neighbor and produces a spirit of detraction1 back-biting and slander4 ,q4 #caa4 ,what is sloth8 ,a4 ,sloth is a laziness of the mind and body1 through which we neglect our duties on account of the labor they require4 ,q4 #cab4 ,what effect has sloth upon the soul8 ,a4 ,sloth begets in the soul a spirit of indifference in our spiritual duties and a disgust for prayer4 ,q4 #cac4 ,why are the seven sources of sin called capital sins8 ,a4 ,the seven sources of sin are called capital sins because they rule over our other sins and are the causes of them4 ,q4 #cad4 ,what do we mean by our predominant sin or ruling passion8 ,a4 ,by our predominant sin1 or ruling passion1 we mean the sin into which we fall most frequently and which we find it hardest to resist4 ,q4 #cae4 ,how can we best overcome our sins8 ,a4 ,we can best overcome our sins by guarding against our predominant or ruling sin4 ,q4 #caf4 ,should we give up trying to be good when we seem not to succeed in overcoming our faults8 ,a4 ,we should not give up trying to be good when we seem not to succeed in overcoming our faults1 because our efforts to be good will keep us from becoming worse than we are4 ,q4 #cag4 ,what virtues are opposed to the seven capital sins8 ,a4 ,humility is opposed to pride2 generosity to covetousness2 chastity to lust2 meekness to anger2 temperance to gluttony2 brotherly love to envy1 and diligence to sloth4 ,,lesson ,,seventh4 ,,on ,,the ,,incarnation ,,and ,,redemption4 ,q4 #cah4 ,what does incarnation mean1 and what does redemption mean8 ,a4 ,incarnation means the act of clothing with flesh4 ,thus ,our ,lord clothed ,his divinity with a human body4 ,redemption means to buy back again4 ,q4 #cai4 #fj ,did ,god abandon man after he fell into sin8 ,a4 ,god did not abandon man after he fell into sin1 but promised him a ,redeemer1 who was to satisfy for man's sin and reopen to him the gates of heaven4 ,q4 #cbj4 ,what do we mean by the gates of heaven8 ,a4 ,by the gates of heaven we mean the divine power by which ,god keeps us out of heaven or admits us into it1 at ,his pleasure4 ,q4 #cba4 #fa ,who is the ,redeemer8 ,a4 ,our ,blessed ,lord and ,saviour ,jesus ,christ is the ,redeemer of mankind4 ,q4 #cbb4 ,what does the name ,jesus signify and how was this name given to ,our ,lord8 ,a4 ,the name ,jesus signifies ,saviour or ,redeemer1 and this name was given to ,our ,lord by an ,angel who appeared to ,joseph and said3 ,mary shall bring forth a ,son2 and thou shalt call ,his name ,jesus4 ,q4 #cbc4 ,what does the name ,christ signify8 ,a4 ,the name ,christ means the same as ,messias1 and signifies ,anointed2 because1 as in the ,old ,law1 ,prophets1 ,high ,priests and ,kings were anointed with oil2 so ,jesus1 the ,great ,prophet1 ,high ,priest and ,king of the ,new ,law1 was anointed as man with the fullness of divine power4 ,q4 #cbd4 ,how did ,christ show and prove ,his divine power8 ,a4 ,christ showed and proved ,his divine power chiefly by ,his miracles1 which are extraordinary works that can be performed only by power received from ,god1 and which have1 therefore1 ,his sanction and authority4 ,q4 #cbe4 ,what1 then1 did the miracles of ,jesus ,christ prove8 ,a4 ,the miracles of ,jesus ,christ proved that whatever ,he said was true1 and that when ,he declared ,himself to be the ,son of ,god ,he really was what ,he claimed to be4 ,q4 #cbf4 ,could not men have been deceived in the miracles of ,christ8 ,a4 ,men could not have been deceived in the miracles of ,christ because they were performed in the most open manner and usually in the presence of great multitudes of people1 among whom were many of ,christ's enemies1 ever ready to expose any deceit4 ,and if ,christ performed no real miracles1 how1 then1 could ,he have converted the world and have persuaded sinful men to give up what they loved and do the difficult things that the ,christian religion imposes8 ,q4 #cbg4 ,could not false accounts of these miracles have been written after the death of ,our ,lord8 ,a4 ,false accounts of these miracles could not have been written after the death of ,our ,lord2 for then neither ,his friends nor ,his enemies would have believed them without proof4 ,moreover1 the enemies of ,christ did not deny the miracles1 but tried to explain them by attributing them to the power of the devil or other causes4 ,again1 the ,apostles and the ,evangelists who wrote the accounts suffered death to testify their belief in the words and works of ,our ,lord4 ,q4 #cbh4 ,did ,jesus ,christ die to redeem all men of every age and race without exception8 ,a4 ,jesus ,christ died to redeem all men of every age and race without exception2 and every person born into the world should share in ,his merits1 without which no one can be saved4 ,q4 #cbi4 ,how are the merits of ,jesus ,christ applied to our souls8 ,a4 ,the merits of ,jesus ,christ are applied to our souls through the ,sacraments1 and especially through ,baptism and ,penance1 which restore us to the friendship of ,god4 ,q4 #ccj4 #fb ,what do you believe of ,jesus ,christ8 ,a4 ,i believe that ,jesus ,christ is the ,son of ,god1 the second ,person of the ,blessed ,trinity1 true ,god and true man4 ,q4 #cca4 ,cannot we also be called the ,children of ,god1 and therefore ,his sons and daughters8 ,a4 ,we can be called the ,children of ,god because ,he has adopted us by ,his grace or because ,he is the ,father who has created us2 but we are not1 therefore1 ,his real ,children2 whereas1 ,jesus ,christ1 ,his only real and true ,son1 was neither adopted nor created1 but was begotten of ,his ,father from all eternity4 ,q4 #ccb4 #fc ,why is ,jesus ,christ true ,god8 ,a4 ,jesus ,christ is true ,god because ,he is the true and only ,son of ,god the ,father4 ,q4 #ccc4 #fd ,why is ,jesus ,christ true man8 ,a4 ,jesus ,christ is true man because ,he is the ,son of the ,blessed ,virgin ,mary and has a body and soul like ours4 ,q4 #ccd4 ,who was the foster father or guardian of ,our ,lord while on earth8 ,a4 ,st4 ,joseph1 the husband of the ,blessed ,virgin1 was the foster-father or guardian of ,our ,lord while on earth4 ,q4 #cce4 ,is ,jesus ,christ in heaven as ,god or as man8 ,a4 ,since ,his ,ascension ,jesus ,christ is in heaven both as ,god and as man4 ,q4 #ccf4 #fe ,how many natures are there in ,jesus ,christ8 ,a4 ,in ,jesus ,christ there are two natures1 the nature of ,god and the nature of man4 ,q4 #ccg4 #ff ,is ,jesus ,christ more than one person8 ,a4 ,no4 ,jesus ,christ is but one ,divine ,person4 ,q4 #cch4 ,from what do we learn that ,jesus ,christ is but one person8 ,a4 ,we learn that ,jesus ,christ is but one person from ,holy ,scripture and from the constant teaching of the ,church1 which has condemned all those who teach the contrary4 ,q4 #cci4 #fg ,was ,jesus ,christ always ,god8 ,a4 ,jesus ,christ was always ,god1 as ,he is the second person of the ,blessed ,trinity1 equal to ,his ,father from all eternity4 ,q4 #cdj4 #fh ,was ,jesus ,christ always man8 ,a4 ,jesus ,christ was not always man1 but became man at the time of ,his ,incarnation4 ,q4 #cda4 #fi ,what do you mean by the ,incarnation8 ,a4 ,by the ,incarnation ,i mean that the ,son of ,god was made man4 ,q4 #cdb4 #gj ,how was the ,son of ,god made man8 ,a4 ,the ,son of ,god was conceived and made man by the power of the ,holy ,ghost1 in the womb of the ,blessed ,virgin ,mary4 ,q4 #cdc4 #ga ,is the ,blessed ,virgin ,mary truly the ,mother of ,god8 ,a4 ,the ,blessed ,virgin ,mary is truly the ,mother of ,god1 because the same ,divine ,person who is the ,son of ,god is also the ,son of the ,blessed ,virgin ,mary4 ,q4 #cdd4 #gb ,did the ,son of ,god become man immediately after the sin of our first parents8 ,a4 ,the ,son of ,god did not become man immediately after the sin of our first parents1 but was promised to them as a ,redeemer4 ,q4 #cde4 ,how many years passed from the time ,adam sinned till the time the ,redeemer came8 ,a4 ,about #d1jjj years passed from the time ,adam sinned till the time the ,redeemer came4 ,q4 #cdf4 ,what was the moral condition of the world just before the coming of ,our ,lord8 ,a4 ,just before the coming of ,our ,lord the moral condition of the world was very bad4 ,idolatry1 injustice1 cruelty1 immorality and horrid vices were common almost everywhere4 ,q4 #cdg4 ,why was the coming of the ,redeemer so long delayed8 ,a4 ,the coming of the ,redeemer was so long delayed that the world--suffering from every misery--might learn the great evil of sin and know that ,god alone could help fallen man4 ,q4 #cdh4 ,when was the ,redeemer promised to mankind8 ,a4 ,the ,redeemer was first promised to mankind in the ,garden of ,paradise1 and often afterward through ,abraham and his descendants1 the patriarchs1 and through numerous prophets4 ,q4 #cdi4 ,who were the prophets8 ,a4 ,the prophets were inspired men to whom ,god revealed the future1 that they might with absolute certainty make it known to the people4 ,q4 #cej4 ,what did the prophets foretell concerning the ,redeemer8 ,a4 ,the prophets1 taken together1 foretold so accurately all the circumstances of the birth1 life1 death1 resurrection and glory of the ,redeemer that no one who carefully studied their writings could fail to recognize ,him when ,he came4 ,q4 #cea4 ,have all these prophecies concerning the ,redeemer been fulfilled8 ,a4 ,all the prophecies concerning the ,redeemer have been fulfilled in every point by the circumstances of ,christ's birth1 life1 death1 resurrection and glory2 and ,he is1 therefore1 the ,redeemer promised to mankind from the time of ,adam4 ,q4 #ceb4 ,where shall we find these prophecies concerning the ,redeemer8 ,a4 ,we shall find these prophecies concerning the ,redeemer in the prophetic books of the ,bible or ,holy ,scripture4 ,q4 #cec4 ,if the ,redeemer's coming was so clearly foretold1 why did not all recognize ,him when ,he came8 ,a4 ,all did not recognize the ,redeemer when ,he came1 because many knew only part of the prophecies2 and taking those concerning ,his glory and omitting those concerning ,his suffering1 they could not understand ,his life4 ,q4 #ced4 #gc ,how could they be saved who lived before the ,son of ,god became man8 ,a4 ,they who lived before the ,son of ,god became man could be saved by believing in a ,redeemer to come1 and by keeping the ,commandments4 ,q4 #cee4 #gd ,on what day was the ,son of ,god conceived and made man8 ,a4 ,the ,son of ,god was conceived and made man on ,annunciation ,day--the day on which the ,angel ,gabriel announced to the ,blessed ,virgin ,mary that she was to be the ,mother of ,god4 ,q4 #cef4 #ge ,on what day was ,christ born8 ,a4 ,christ was born on ,christmas ,day1 in a stable at ,bethlehem1 over nineteen hundred years ago4 ,q4 #ceg4 ,why did the ,blessed ,virgin and ,st4 ,joseph go to ,bethlehem just before the birth of ,our ,lord8 ,a4 ,the ,blessed ,virgin and ,st4 ,joseph went to ,bethlehem in obedience to the ,roman ,emperor1 who ordered all his subjects to register their names in the towns or cities of their ancestors4 ,bethlehem was the ,city of ,david1 the royal ancestor of ,mary and ,joseph1 hence they had to register there4 ,all this was done by the ,will of ,god1 that the prophecies concerning the birth of ,his ,divine ,son might be fulfilled4 ,q4 #ceh4 ,why was ,christ born in a stable8 ,a4 ,christ was born in a stable because ,joseph and ,mary were poor and strangers in ,bethlehem1 and without money they could find no other shelter4 ,this was permitted by ,our ,lord that we might learn a lesson from ,his great humility4 ,q4 #cei4 ,in giving the ancestors or forefathers of ,our ,lord1 why do the ,gospels give the ancestors of ,joseph1 who was only ,christ's foster-father1 and not the ancestors of ,mary1 who was ,christ's real parent8 ,a4 ,in giving the ancestors of ,our ,lord1 the ,gospels give the ancestors of ,joseph3 7#a7 ,because the ancestors of women were not usually recorded by the ,jews2 and 7#b7 ,because ,mary and ,joseph were members of the same tribe1 and had1 therefore1 the same ancestors2 so that1 in giving the ancestors of ,joseph1 the ,gospels give also those of ,mary2 and this was understood by those for whom the ,gospels were intended4 ,q4 #cfj4 ,had ,our ,lord any brothers or sisters8 ,a4 ,our ,lord had no brothers or sisters4 ,when the ,gospels speak of ,his brethren they mean only ,his near relations4 ,his ,blessed ,mother ,mary was always a ,virgin as well before and at ,his birth as after it4 ,q4 #cfa4 ,who were among the first to adore the ,infant ,jesus8 ,a4 ,the shepherds of ,bethlehem1 to whom ,his birth was announced by ,angels2 and the ,magi or three wise men1 who were guided to ,his crib by a miraculous star1 were among the first to adore the ,infant ,jesus4 ,we recall the adoration of the ,magi on the feast of the ,epiphany1 which means appearance or manifestation1 namely1 of ,our ,saviour4 ,q4 #cfb4 ,who sought to kill the ,infant ,jesus8 ,a4 ,herod sought to kill the ,infant ,jesus because he thought the influence of ,christ--the new-born ,king--would deprive him of his throne4 ,q4 #cfc4 ,how was the ,holy ,infant rescued from the power of ,herod8 ,a4 ,the ,holy ,infant was rescued from the power of ,herod by the flight into ,egypt1 when ,st4 ,joseph--warned by an ,angel--fled hastily into that country with ,jesus and ,mary4 ,q4 #cfd4 ,how did ,herod hope to accomplish his wicked designs8 ,a4 ,herod hoped to accomplish his wicked designs by murdering all the infants in and near ,bethlehem4 ,the day on which we commemorate the death of these first little martyrs1 who shed their blood for ,christ's sake1 is called the feast of ,holy ,innocents4 ,q4 #cfe4 ,how may the years of ,christ's life be divided8 ,a4 ,the years of ,christ's life may be divided into three parts3 7#a7 ,his childhood1 extending from ,his birth to ,his twelfth year1 when ,he went with his parents to worship in the ,temple of ,jerusalem4 7#b7 ,his hidden life1 which extends from ,his twelfth to ,his thirtieth year1 during which time ,he dwelt with ,his parents at ,nazareth4 7#c7 ,his public life1 extending from ,his thirtieth year--or from ,his baptism by ,st4 ,john the ,baptist to ,his death2 during which time ,he taught ,his doctrines and established ,his ,church4 ,q4 #cff4 ,why is ,christ's life thus divided8 ,a4 ,christ's life is thus divided to show that all classes find in ,him their model4 ,in childhood ,he gave an example to the young2 in ,his hidden life an example to those who consecrate themselves to the service of ,god in a religious state2 and in ,his public life an example to all ,christians without exception4 ,q4 #cfg4 #gf ,how long did ,christ live on earth8 ,a4 ,christ lived on earth about thirty-three years1 and led a most holy life in poverty and suffering4 ,q4 #cfh4 #gg ,why did ,christ live so long on earth8 ,a4 ,christ lived so long on earth to show us the way to heaven by ,his teachings and example4 ,,lesson ,,eighth4 ,,on ,,our ,,lord',s ,,passion1 ,,death1 ,,resurrection1 ,,and ,,ascension4 ,q4 #cfi4 ,what do we mean by ,our ,lord's ,passion8 ,a4 ,by ,our ,lord's ,passion we mean ,his dreadful sufferings from ,his agony in the garden till the moment of ,his death4 ,q4 #cgj4 #gh ,what did ,jesus ,christ suffer8 ,a4 ,jesus ,christ suffered a bloody sweat1 a cruel scourging1 was crowned with thorns1 and was crucified4 ,q4 #cga4 ,when did ,our ,lord suffer the bloody sweat8 ,a4 ,our ,lord suffered the bloody sweat while drops of blood came forth from every pore of ,his body1 during ,his agony in the ,garden of ,olives1 near ,jerusalem1 where ,he went to pray on the night ,his ,passion began4 ,q4 #cgb4 ,who accompanied ,our ,lord to the ,garden of ,olives on the night of ,his ,agony8 ,a4 ,the ,apostles ,peter1 ,james and ,john1 the same who had witnessed ,his transfiguration on the mount1 accompanied ,our ,lord to the ,garden of ,olives1 to watch and pray with ,him on the night of ,his agony4 ,q4 #cgc4 ,what do we mean by the transfiguration of ,our ,lord8 ,a4 ,by the transfiguration of ,our ,lord we mean the supernatural change in ,his appearance when ,he showed ,himself to ,his ,apostles in great glory and brilliancy in which ,his face did shine as the sun and ,his garments became white as snow4 ,q4 #cgd4 ,who were present at the transfiguration8 ,a4 ,there were present at the transfiguration--besides the ,apostles ,peter1 ,james and ,john1 who witnessed it--the two great and holy men of the ,old ,law1 ,moses and ,elias1 talking with ,our ,lord4 ,q4 #cge4 ,what caused ,our ,lord's agony in the garden8 ,a4 ,it is believed ,our ,lord's agony in the garden was caused3 7#a7 ,by his clear knowledge of all ,he was soon to endure2 7#b7 by the sight of the many offenses committed against ,his ,father by the sins of the whole world2 7#c7 by ,his knowledge of men's ingratitude for the blessings of redemption4 ,q4 #cgf4 ,why was ,christ cruelly scourged8 ,a4 ,christ was cruelly scourged by ,pilate's orders1 that the sight of ,his bleeding body might move ,his enemies to spare ,his life4 ,q4 #cgg4 ,why was ,christ crowned with thorns8 ,a4 ,christ was crowned with thorns in mockery because ,he had said ,he was a ,king4 ,q4 #cgh4 ,could ,christ1 if ,he pleased1 have escaped the tortures of ,his ,passion8 ,a4 ,christ could1 if ,he pleased1 have escaped the tortures of ,his ,passion1 because ,he foresaw them and had it in ,his power to overcome ,his enemies4 ,q4 #cgi4 ,was it necessary for ,christ to suffer so much in order to redeem us8 ,a4 ,it was not necessary for ,christ to suffer so much in order to redeem us1 for the least of ,his sufferings was more than sufficient to atone for all the sins of mankind4 ,by suffering so much ,he showed ,his great love for us4 ,q4 #chj4 ,who betrayed ,our ,lord8 ,a4 ,judas1 one of ,his ,apostles1 betrayed ,our ,lord1 and from ,his sin we may learn that even the good may become very wicked by the abuse of their free will4 ,q4 #cha4 ,how was ,christ condemned to death8 ,a4 ,through the influence of those who hated ,him1 ,christ was condemned to death1 after an unjust trial1 at which false witnesses were induced to testify against ,him4 ,q4 #chb4 #gi ,on what day did ,christ die8 ,a4 ,christ died on ,good ,friday4 ,q4 #chc4 #hj ,why do you call that day good on which ,christ died so sorrowful a death8 ,a4 ,we call that day good on which ,christ died because by ,his death ,he showed ,his great love for man1 and purchased for him every blessing4 ,q4 #chd4 ,how long was ,our ,lord hanging on the cross before ,he died8 ,a4 ,our ,lord was hanging on the ,cross about three hours before ,he died4 ,while thus suffering1 ,his enemies stood around blaspheming and mocking ,him4 ,by ,his death ,he proved ,himself a real mortal man1 for ,he could not die in ,his divine nature4 ,q4 #che4 ,what do we call the words ,christ spoke while hanging on the ,cross8 ,a4 ,we call the words ,christ spoke while hanging on the ,cross the seven last words of ,jesus on the ,cross4 ,they teach us the dispositions we should have at the hour of death4 ,q4 #chf4 ,repeat the seven last words or sayings of ,jesus on the ,cross4 ,a4 ,the seven last words or sayings of ,jesus on the ,cross are3 7#a7 ,father1 forgive them1 for they know not what they do1 in which ,he forgives and prays for ,his enemies4 7#b7 ,amen1 ,i say to thee1 this day thou shalt be with ,me in ,paradise1 in which ,he pardons the penitent sinner4 7#c7 ,woman1 behold thy ,son--,behold thy ,mother1 in which ,he gave up what was dearest to ,him on earth1 and gave us ,mary for our ,mother4 7#d7 ,my ,god1 my ,god1 why hast ,thou forsaken ,me8 from which we learn the suffering of ,his mind4 7#e7 ,i thirst1 from which we learn the suffering of ,his body4 7#f7 ,all is consummated1 by which ,he showed the fulfillment of all the prophecies concerning ,him and the completion of the work of our redemption4 7#g7 ,father1 into ,thy hands ,i commend my spirit1 by which ,he showed ,his perfect resignation to the ,will of ,his ,eternal ,father4 ,q4 #chg4 ,what happened at the death of ,our ,lord8 ,a4 ,at the death of ,our ,lord there were darkness and earthquake2 many holy dead came forth from their graves1 and the veil concealing the ,holy of ,holies1 in the ,temple of ,jerusalem1 was torn asunder4 ,q4 #chh4 ,what was the ,holy of ,holies in the temple8 ,a4 ,the ,holy of ,holies was the sacred part of the ,temple1 in which the ,ark of the ,covenant was kept1 and where the high priest consulted the ,will of ,god4 ,q4 #chi4 ,what was the ,ark of the ,covenant8 ,a4 ,the ,ark of the ,covenant was a precious box in which were kept the tablets of stone bearing the written ,commandments of ,god1 the rod which ,aaron changed into a serpent before ,king ,pharao1 and a portion of the manna with which the ,israelites were miraculously fed in the desert4 ,the ,ark of the ,covenant was a figure of the ,tabernacle in which we keep the ,holy ,eucharist4 ,q4 #cij4 ,why was the veil of the ,temple torn asunder at the death of ,christ8 ,a4 ,the veil of the ,temple was torn asunder at the death of ,christ because at ,his death the ,jewish religion ceased to be the true religion1 and ,god no longer manifested ,his presence in the ,temple4 ,q4 #cia4 ,why did the ,jewish religion1 which up to the death of ,christ had been the true religion1 cease at that time to be the true religion8 ,a4 ,the ,jewish religion1 which1 up to the death of ,christ1 had been the true religion1 ceased at that time to be the true religion1 because it was only a promise of the redemption and figure of the ,christian religion1 and when the redemption was accomplished and the ,christian religion established by the death of ,christ1 the promise and the figure were no longer necessary4 ,q4 #cib4 ,were all the laws of the ,jewish religion abolished by the establishment of ,christianity8 ,a4 ,the moral laws of the ,jewish religion were not abolished by the establishment of ,christianity1 for ,christ came not to destroy these laws1 but to make them more perfect4 ,its ceremonial laws were abolished when the ,temple of ,jerusalem ceased to be the ,house of ,god4 ,q4 #cic4 ,what do we mean by moral and ceremonial laws8 ,a4 ,by moral laws we mean laws regarding good and evil4 ,by ceremonial laws we mean laws regulating the manner of worshipping ,god in ,temple or ,church4 ,q4 #cid4 #ha ,where did ,christ die8 ,a4 ,christ died on ,mount ,calvary4 ,q4 #cie4 ,where was ,mount ,calvary1 and what does the name signify8 ,a4 ,mount ,calvary was the place of execution1 not far from ,jerusalem2 and the name signifies the place of skulls4 ,q4 #cif4 #hb ,how did ,christ die8 ,a4 ,christ was nailed to the ,cross1 and died on it between two thieves4 ,q4 #cig4 ,why was ,our ,lord crucified between thieves8 ,a4 ,our ,lord was crucified between thieves that ,his enemies might thus add to ,his disgrace by making ,him equal to the worst criminals4 ,q4 #cih4 #hc ,why did ,christ suffer and die8 ,a4 ,christ suffered and died for our sins4 ,q4 #cii4 ,how was ,our ,lord's body buried8 ,a4 ,our ,lord's body was wrapped in a clean linen cloth and laid in a new sepulchre or tomb cut in a rock1 by ,joseph of ,arimathea and other pious persons who believed in ,our ,divine ,lord4 ,q4 #djj4 #hd ,what lessons do we learn from the sufferings and death of ,christ8 ,a4 ,from the sufferings and death of ,christ we learn the great evil of sin1 the hatred ,god bears to it1 and the necessity of satisfying for it4 ,q4 #dja4 #he ,whither did ,christ's soul go after ,his death8 ,a4 ,after ,christ's death ,his soul descended into hell4 ,q4 #djb4 #hf ,did ,christ's soul descend into the hell of the damned8 ,a4 ,the hell into which ,christ's soul descended was not the hell of the dammed1 but a place or state of rest called ,limbo1 where the souls of the just were waiting for ,him4 ,q4 #djc4 #hg ,why did ,christ descend into ,limbo8 ,a4 ,christ descended into ,limbo to preach to the souls who were in prison--that is1 to announce to them the joyful tidings of their redemption4 ,q4 #djd4 #hh ,where was ,christ's body while ,his soul was in ,limbo8 ,a4 ,while ,christ's soul was in ,limbo ,his body was in the holy sepulchre4 ,q4 #dje4 #hi ,on what day did ,christ rise from the dead8 ,a4 ,christ rose from the dead1 glorious and immortal1 on ,easter ,sunday1 the third day after ,his death4 ,q4 #djf4 ,why is the ,resurrection the greatest of ,christ's miracles8 ,a4 ,the ,resurrection is the greatest of ,christ's miracles because all ,he taught and did is confirmed by it and depends upon it4 ,he promised to rise from the dead and without the fulfillment of that promise we could not believe in ,him4 ,q4 #djg4 ,has any one ever tried to disprove the miracle of the resurrection8 ,a4 ,unbelievers in ,christ have tried to disprove the miracle of the resurrection as they have tried to disprove all ,his other miracles2 but the explanations they give to prove ,christ's miracles false are far more unlikely and harder to believe than the miracles themselves4 ,q4 #djh4 ,what do we mean when we say ,christ rose glorious from the dead8 ,a4 ,when we say ,christ rose glorious from the dead we mean that ,his body was in a glorified state2 that is1 gifted with the qualities of a glorified body4 ,q4 #dji4 ,what are the qualities of a glorified body8 ,a4 ,the qualities of a glorified body are3 7#a7 ,brilliancy1 by which it gives forth light2 7#b7 ,agility1 by which it moves from place to place as rapidly as an angel2 7#c7 ,subtility1 by which material things cannot shut it out2 7#d7 ,impassibility1 by which it is made incapable of suffering4 ,q4 #daj4 ,was ,christ three full days in the tomb8 ,a4 ,christ was not three full days1 but only parts of three days in the tomb4 ,q4 #daa4 #ij ,how long did ,christ stay on earth after ,his resurrection8 ,a4 ,christ stayed on earth forty days after ,his resurrection1 to show that ,he was truly risen from the dead1 and to instruct ,his apostles4 ,q4 #dab4 ,was ,christ visible to all and at all times during the forty days ,he remained on earth after ,his resurrection8 ,a4 ,christ was not visible to all nor at all times during the forty days ,he remained on earth after ,his resurrection4 ,we know that ,he appeared to ,his apostles and others at least nine times1 though ,he may have appeared oftener4 ,q4 #dac4 ,how did ,christ show that ,he was truly risen from the dead8 ,a4 ,christ showed that ,he was truly risen from the dead by eating and conversing with ,his ,apostles and others to whom ,he appeared4 ,he showed the wounds in ,his hands1 feet and side1 and it was after ,his resurrection that ,he gave to ,his ,apostles the power to forgive sins4 ,q4 #dad4 #ia ,after ,christ had remained forty days on earth1 whither did ,he go8 ,a4 ,after forty days ,christ ascended into heaven1 and the day on which he ascended into heaven is called ,ascension ,day4 ,q4 #dae4 ,where did the ascension of ,our ,lord take place8 ,a4 ,christ ascended into heaven from ,mount ,olivet1 the place made sacred by ,his agony on the night before ,his death4 ,q4 #daf4 ,who were present at the ascension and who ascended with ,christ8 ,a4 ,from various parts of ,scripture we may conclude there were about #abe persons--though traditions tell us there was a greater number--present at the ,ascension4 ,they were the ,apostles1 the ,disciples1 the pious women and others who had followed ,our ,blessed ,lord4 ,the souls of the just who were waiting in ,limbo for the redemption ascended with ,christ4 ,q4 #dag4 ,why is the paschal candle which is lighted on ,easter morning extinguished at the ,mass on ,ascension ,day8 ,a4 ,the paschal candle which is lighted on ,easter morning signifies ,christ's visible presence on earth1 and it is extinguished on ,ascension ,day to show that ,he1 having fulfilled all the prophecies concerning ,himself and having accomplished the work of redemption1 has transferred the visible care of ,his ,church to ,his ,apostles and returned in ,his body to heaven4 ,q4 #dah4 #ib ,where is ,christ in heaven8 ,a4 ,in heaven ,christ sits at the right hand of ,god the ,father ,almighty4 ,q4 #dai4 #ic ,what do you mean by saying that ,christ sits at the right hand of ,god8 ,a4 ,when ,i say that ,christ sits at the right hand of ,god ,i mean that ,christ as ,god is equal to ,his ,father in all things1 and that as man ,he is in the highest place in heaven next to ,god4 ,,lesson ,,ninth4 ,,on ,,the ,,holy ,,ghost ,,and ,,his ,,descent ,,upon ,,the ,,apostles4 ,q4 #dbj4 #id ,who is the ,holy ,ghost8 ,a4 ,the ,holy ,ghost is the third ,person of the ,blessed ,trinity4 ,q4 #dba4 ,did the ,holy ,ghost ever appear8 ,a4 ,the ,holy ,ghost appeared at times under the form of a dove1 and again under the form of tongues of fire2 for1 being a pure spirit without a body1 ,he can take any form4 ,q4 #dbb4 ,is the ,holy ,ghost called by other names8 ,a4 ,the ,holy ,ghost is called also the ,holy ,spirit1 the ,paraclete1 the ,spirit of ,truth and other names given in ,holy ,scripture4 ,q4 #dbc4 #ie ,from whom does the ,holy ,ghost proceed8 ,a4 ,the ,holy ,ghost proceeds from the ,father and the ,son4 ,q4 #dbd4 #if ,is the ,holy ,ghost equal to the ,father and the ,son8 ,a4 ,the ,holy ,ghost is equal to the ,father and the ,son1 being the same ,lord and ,god as they are4 ,q4 #dbe4 #ig ,on what day did the ,holy ,ghost come down upon the ,apostles8 ,a4 ,the ,holy ,ghost came down upon the ,apostles ten days after the ,ascension of our ,lord2 and the day on which ,he came down upon the ,apostles is called ,whitsunday1 or ,pentecost4 ,q4 #dbf4 ,why is the day on which the ,holy ,ghost came down upon the ,apostles called ,whitsunday8 ,a4 ,the day on which the ,holy ,ghost came down upon the ,apostles is called ,whitsunday or ,white ,sunday1 probably because the ,christians who were baptized on the eve of ,pentecost wore white garments for some time afterward1 as a mark of the purity bestowed upon their souls by the ,sacrament of ,baptism4 ,q4 #dbg4 ,why is this feast called also ,pentecost8 ,a4 ,this feast is called also ,pentecost because ,pentecost means the fiftieth2 and the ,holy ,ghost came down upon the ,apostles fifty days after the resurrection of ,our ,lord4 ,q4 #dbh4 #ih ,how did the ,holy ,ghost come down upon the ,apostles8 ,a4 ,the ,holy ,ghost came down upon the ,apostles in the form of tongues of fire4 ,q4 #dbi4 ,what did the form of tongues of fire denote8 ,a4 ,the form of tongues of fire denoted the sacred character and divine authority of the preaching and teaching of the ,apostles1 by whose words and fervor all men were to be converted to the love of ,god4 ,q4 #dcj4 #ii ,who sent the ,holy ,ghost upon the ,apostles8 ,a4 ,our ,lord ,jesus ,christ sent the ,holy ,ghost upon the ,apostles4 ,q4 #dca4 ,did the ,apostles know that the ,holy ,ghost would come down upon them8 ,a4 ,the ,apostles knew that the ,holy ,ghost would come down upon them2 for ,christ promised ,his ,apostles that after ,his ,ascension ,he would send the ,holy ,ghost1 the ,spirit of ,truth1 to teach them all truths and to abide with them forever4 ,q4 #dcb4 ,has any one ever denied the existence of the ,holy ,ghost8 ,a4 ,some persons have denied the existence of the ,holy ,ghost2 others have denied that ,he is a real person equal to the ,father and the ,son2 but all these assertions are shown to be false by the words of ,holy ,scripture and the infallible teaching of the ,church4 ,q4 #dcc4 ,what are the sins against the ,holy ,ghost which ,our ,lord said will not be forgiven either in this world or in the next8 ,a4 ,the sins against the ,holy ,ghost which ,our ,lord said will not be forgiven either in this world or in the next1 are sins committed out of pure malice1 and greatly opposed to the mercy of ,god1 and are1 therefore1 seldom forgiven4 ,q4 #dcd4 #ajj ,why did ,christ send the ,holy ,ghost8 ,a4 ,christ sent the ,holy ,ghost to sanctify ,his ,church1 to enlighten and strengthen the ,apostles1 and to enable them to preach the ,gospel4 ,q4 #dce4 ,how was the ,church sanctified through the coming of the ,holy ,ghost8 ,a4 ,the ,church was sanctified through the coming of the ,holy ,ghost by receiving those graces which ,christ had merited for ,his ministers1 the bishops and priests1 and for the souls of all those committed to their care4 ,q4 #dcf4 ,how were the ,apostles enlightened through the coming of the ,holy ,ghost8 ,a4 ,the ,apostles were enlightened through the coming of the ,holy ,ghost by receiving the grace to remember and understand in its true meaning all that ,christ had said and done in their presence4 ,q4 #dcg4 ,how were the ,apostles strengthened through the coming of the ,holy ,ghost8 ,a4 ,the ,apostles were strengthened through the coming of the ,holy ,ghost by receiving the grace to brave every danger1 even death itself1 in the performance of their sacred duties4 ,q4 #dch4 ,what does ,apostle1 and what does ,gospel mean8 ,a4 ,apostle means a person sent1 and ,gospel means good tidings or news4 ,hence the name ,gospel is given to the inspired history of ,our ,lord's life and works upon earth4 ,q4 #dci4 ,name the ,apostles4 ,a4 ,the ,apostles were3 ,peter1 ,andrew1 ,james1 ,john1 ,philip1 ,bartholomew1 ,thomas1 ,matthew1 ,james1 ,thaddeus1 ,simon1 and ,judas ,iscariot1 in whose place ,mathias was chosen4 ,q4 #ddj4 ,was ,st4 ,paul an ,apostle8 ,a4 ,st4 ,paul was an ,apostle1 but as he was not called till after the ,ascension of ,our ,lord he is not numbered among the twelve4 ,he is called the ,apostle of the ,gentiles2 that is1 of all those who were not of the ,jewish religion or members of the ,church of the ,old ,law4 ,q4 #dda4 ,how did ,st4 ,paul become an ,apostle8 ,a4 ,while on his way to persecute the ,christians ,st4 ,paul was miraculously converted and called to be an ,apostle by ,our ,lord ,himself1 who spoke to him4 ,st4 ,paul was called ,saul before his conversion4 ,q4 #ddb4 ,who were the ,evangelists8 ,a4 ,st4 ,matthew1 ,st4 ,mark1 ,st4 ,luke and ,st4 ,john are called ,evangelists1 because they wrote the four ,gospels bearing their names1 and ,evangelia is the ,latin name for ,gospels4 ,st4 ,mark and ,st4 ,luke were not ,apostles1 but ,st4 ,matthew and ,st4 ,john were both ,apostles and ,evangelists4 ,q4 #ddc4 ,why did not the ,apostles fully understand when ,christ ,himself taught them8 ,a4 ,the ,apostles did not fully understand when ,christ ,himself taught them because during ,his stay with them on earth they were only preparing to become ,apostles2 and their minds were yet filled with many worldly thoughts and desires that were to be removed at the coming of the ,holy ,ghost4 ,q4 #ddd4 #aja ,will the ,holy ,ghost abide with the ,church forever8 ,a4 ,the ,holy ,ghost will abide with the ,church forever1 and guide it in the way of holiness and truth4 ,q4 #dde4 ,what benefit do we derive from the knowledge that the ,holy ,ghost will abide with the ,church forever8 ,a4 ,from the knowledge that the ,holy ,ghost will abide with the ,church forever we are made certain that the ,church can never teach us falsehood1 and can never be destroyed by the enemies of ,our ,faith4 ,q4 #ddf4 ,what visible power was given to the ,apostles through the coming of the ,holy ,ghost8 ,a4 ,through the coming of the ,holy ,ghost the ,apostles received the gift of tongues1 by which they could be understood in every language1 though they preached in only one4 ,q4 #ddg4 ,why did such wonderful gifts accompany ,confirmation1 or the coming of the ,holy ,ghost1 in the first ages of the ,church8 ,a4 ,such wonderful gifts accompanied ,confirmation in the first ages of the ,church to prove the power1 truth and divine character of ,christianity to those who otherwise might not believe1 and to draw the attention of all to the establishment of the ,christian ,church4 ,q4 #ddh4 ,why are these signs not continued everywhere at the present time8 ,a4 ,these signs are not continued everywhere at the present time1 because now that the ,church is fully established and its divine character and power proved in other ways1 such signs are no longer necessary4 ,q4 #ddi4 ,were such powers as the gift of tongues a part of the ,sacrament of ,confirmation8 ,a4 ,such powers as the gift of tongues were not a part of the ,sacrament of ,confirmation1 but they were added to it by the ,holy ,ghost when necessary for the good of the ,church4 ,,lesson ,,tenth4 ,,on ,,the ,,effects ,,of ,,the ,,redemption4 ,q4 #dej4 ,what is an effect8 ,a4 ,an effect is that which is caused by something else1 as smoke1 for example1 is an effect of fire4 ,q4 #dea4 ,what does redemption mean8 ,a4 ,redemption means the buying back of a thing that was given away or sold4 ,q4 #deb4 ,what did ,adam give away by his sin1 and what did ,our ,lord buy back for him and us8 ,a4 ,by his sin ,adam gave away all right to ,god's promised gifts of grace in this world and of glory in the next1 and ,our ,lord bought back the right that ,adam threw away4 ,q4 #dec4 #ajb ,which are the chief effects of the ,redemption8 ,a4 ,the chief effects of the ,redemption are two3 ,the satisfaction of ,god's justice by ,christ's sufferings and death1 and the gaining of grace for men4 ,q4 #ded4 ,why do we say chief effects8 ,a4 ,we say chief effects to show that these are the most important but not the only effects of the ,redemption--for all the benefits of our holy religion and of its influence upon the world are the effects of the redemption4 ,q4 #dee4 ,why did ,god's justice require satisfaction8 ,a4 ,god's justice required satisfaction because it is infinite and demands reparation for every fault4 ,man in his state of sin could not make the necessary reparation1 so ,christ became man and made it for him4 ,q4 #def4 #ajc ,what do you mean by grace8 ,a4 ,by grace ,i mean a supernatural gift of ,god bestowed on us1 through the merits of ,jesus ,christ1 for our salvation4 ,q4 #deg4 ,what does supernatural mean8 ,a4 ,supernatural means above or greater than nature4 ,all gifts such as health1 learning or the comforts of life1 that affect our happiness chiefly in this world1 are called natural gifts1 and all gifts such as blessings that affect our happiness chiefly in the next world are called supernatural or spiritual gifts4 ,q4 #deh4 ,what do you mean by merit8 ,a4 ,merit means the quality of deserving well or ill for our actions4 ,in the question above it means a right to reward for good deeds done4 ,q4 #dei4 #ajd ,how many kinds of grace are there8 ,a4 ,there are two kinds of grace1 sanctifying grace and actual grace4 ,q4 #dfj4 ,what is the difference between sanctifying grace and actual grace8 ,a4 ,sanctifying grace remains with us as long as we are not guilty of mortal sin2 and hence1 it is often called habitual grace2 but actual grace comes to us only when we need its help in doing or avoiding an action1 and it remains with us only while we are doing or avoiding the action4 ,q4 #dfa4 #aje ,what is sanctifying grace8 ,a4 ,sanctifying grace is that grace which makes the soul holy and pleasing to ,god4 ,q4 #dfb4 #ajf ,what do you call those graces or gifts of ,god by which we believe in ,him1 hope in ,him1 and love ,him8 ,a4 ,those graces or gifts of ,god by which we believe in ,him1 and hope in ,him1 and love ,him1 are called the ,divine virtues of ,faith1 ,hope1 and ,charity4 ,q4 #dfc4 ,what do you mean by virtue and vice8 ,a4 ,virtue is the habit of doing good1 and vice is the habit of doing evil4 ,an act1 good or bad1 does not form a habit2 and hence1 a virtue or a vice is the result of repeated acts of the same kind4 ,q4 #dfd4 ,does habit excuse us from the sins committed through it8 ,a4 ,habit does not excuse us from the sins committed through it1 but rather makes us more guilty by showing how often we must have committed the sin to acquire the habit4 ,if1 however1 we are seriously trying to overcome a bad habit1 and through forgetfulness yield to it1 the habit may sometimes excuse us from the sin4 ,q4 #dfe4 #ajg ,what is ,faith8 ,a4 ,faith is a ,divine virtue by which we firmly believe the truths which ,god has revealed4 ,q4 #dff4 #ajh ,what is ,hope8 ,a4 ,hope is a ,divine virtue by which we firmly trust that ,god will give us eternal life and the means to obtain it4 ,q4 #dfg4 #aji ,what is ,charity8 ,a4 ,charity is a ,divine virtue by which we love ,god above all things for ,his own sake1 and our neighbor as ourselves for the love of ,god4 ,q4 #dfh4 ,why are ,faith1 ,hope and ,charity called virtues8 ,a4 ,faith1 ,hope and ,charity are called virtues because they are not mere acts1 but habits by which we always and in all things believe ,god1 hope in ,him1 and love ,him4 ,q4 #dfi4 ,what kind of virtues are ,faith1 ,hope and ,charity8 ,a4 ,faith1 ,hope and ,charity are called infused theological virtues to distinguish them from the four moral virtues--,prudence1 ,justice1 ,fortitude and ,temperance4 ,q4 #dgj4 ,why do we say the three theological virtues are infused and the four moral virtues acquired8 ,a4 ,we say the three theological virtues are infused2 that is1 poured into our souls1 because they are strictly gifts of ,god and do not depend upon our efforts to obtain them1 while the four moral virtues--,prudence1 ,justice1 ,fortitude and ,temperance--though also gifts of ,god1 may1 as natural virtues1 be acquired by our own efforts4 ,q4 #dga4 ,why do we believe ,god1 hope in ,him1 and love ,him8 ,a4 ,we believe ,god and hope in ,him because ,he is infinitely true and cannot deceive us4 ,we love ,him because ,he is infinitely good and beautiful and worthy of all love4 ,q4 #dgb4 ,what mortal sins are opposed to ,faith8 ,a4 ,atheism1 which is a denial of all revealed truths1 and heresy1 which is a denial of some revealed truths1 and superstition1 which is a misuse of religion1 are opposed to ,faith4 ,q4 #dgc4 ,who is our neighbor8 ,a4 ,every human being capable of salvation of every age1 country1 race or condition1 especially if he needs our help1 is our neighbor in the sense of the ,catechism4 ,q4 #dgd4 ,why should we love our neighbor8 ,a4 ,we should love our neighbor because he is a child of ,god1 redeemed by ,jesus ,christ1 and because he is our brother created to dwell in heaven with us4 ,q4 #dge4 #aaj ,what is actual grace8 ,a4 ,actual grace is that help of ,god which enlightens our mind and moves our will to shun evil and do good4 ,q4 #dgf4 #aaa ,is grace necessary to salvation8 ,a4 ,grace is necessary to salvation1 because without grace we can do nothing to merit heaven4 ,q4 #dgg4 #aab ,can we resist the grace of ,god8 ,a4 ,we can1 and unfortunately often do1 resist the grace of ,god4 ,q4 #dgh4 ,is it a sin knowingly to resist the grace of ,god8 ,a4 ,it is a sin1 knowingly1 to resist the grace of ,god1 because we thereby insult ,him and reject ,his gifts without which we cannot be saved4 ,q4 #dgi4 ,does ,god give ,his grace to every one8 ,a4 ,god gives to everyone ,he creates sufficient grace to save his soul2 and if persons do not save their souls1 it is because they have not used the grace given4 ,q4 #dhj4 #aac ,what is the grace of perseverance8 ,a4 ,the grace of perseverance is a particular gift of ,god which enables us to continue in the state of grace till death4 ,q4 #dha4 ,can we merit the grace of final perseverance or know when we possess it8 ,a4 ,we cannot merit the grace of final perseverance1 or know when we possess it1 because it depends entirely upon ,god's mercy and not upon our actions4 ,to imagine we possess it would lead us into the sin of presumption4 ,q4 #dhb4 ,can a person merit any supernatural reward for good deeds performed while he is in mortal sin8 ,a4 ,a person cannot merit any supernatural reward for good deeds performed while he is in mortal sin2 nevertheless1 ,god rewards such good deeds by giving the grace of repentance2 and1 therefore1 all persons1 even those in mortal sin1 should ever strive to do good4 ,q4 #dhc4 ,does ,god reward anything but our good works8 ,a4 ,god rewards our good intention and desire to serve ,him1 even when our works are not successful4 ,we should make this good intention often during the day1 and especially in the morning4 ,,lesson ,,eleventh4 ,,on ,,the ,,church4 ,q4 #dhd4 ,how was the true religion preserved from ,adam till the coming of ,christ8 ,a4 ,the true religion was preserved from ,adam till the coming of ,christ by the patriarchs1 prophets and other holy men whom ,god appointed and inspired to teach ,his ,will and ,revelations to the people1 and to remind them of the promised ,redeemer4 ,q4 #dhe4 ,who were the prophets1 and what was their chief duty8 ,a4 ,the prophets were men to whom ,god gave a knowledge of future events connected with religion1 that they might foretell them to ,his people and thus give proof that the message came from ,god4 ,their chief duty was to foretell the time1 place and circumstances of ,our ,saviour's coming into the world1 that men might know when and where to look for ,him1 and might recognize ,him when ,he came4 ,q4 #dhf4 ,how could they be saved who lived before ,christ became man8 ,a4 ,they who lived before ,christ became man could be saved by belief in the ,redeemer to come and by keeping the ,commandments of ,god4 ,q4 #dhg4 ,was the true religion universal before the coming of ,christ8 ,a4 ,the true religion was not universal before the coming of ,christ4 ,it was confined to one people--the descendants of ,abraham4 ,all other nations worshipped false gods4 ,q4 #dhh4 #aad ,which are the means instituted by ,our ,lord to enable men at all times to share in the fruits of the ,redemption8 ,a4 ,the means instituted by ,our ,lord to enable men at all times to share in the fruits of ,his ,redemption are the ,church and the ,sacraments4 ,q4 #dhi4 #aae ,what is the ,church8 ,a4 ,the ,church is the congregation of all those who profess the faith of ,christ1 partake of the same ,sacraments1 and are governed by their lawful pastors under one visible ,head4 ,q4 #dij4 ,how may the members of the ,church on earth be divided8 ,a4 ,the members of the ,church on earth may be divided into those who teach and those who are taught4 ,those who teach1 namely1 the ,pope1 bishops and priests1 are called the ,teaching ,church1 or simply the ,church4 ,those who are taught are called the ,believing ,church1 or simply the faithful4 ,q4 #dia4 ,what is the duty of the ,teaching ,church8 ,a4 ,the duty of the ,teaching ,church is to continue the work ,our ,lord began upon earth1 namely1 to teach revealed truth1 to administer the ,sacraments and to labor for the salvation of souls4 ,q4 #dib4 ,what is the duty of the faithful8 ,a4 ,the duty of the faithful is to learn the revealed truths taught2 to receive the ,sacraments1 and to aid in saving souls by their prayers1 good works and alms4 ,q4 #dic4 ,what do you mean by profess the faith of ,christ8 ,a4 ,by profess the faith of ,christ we mean1 believe all the truths and practice the religion ,he has taught4 ,q4 #did4 ,what do we mean by lawful pastors8 ,a4 ,by lawful pastors we mean those in the ,church who have been appointed by lawful authority and who have1 therefore1 a right to rule us4 ,the lawful pastors in the ,church are3 ,every priest in his own parish2 every bishop in his own diocese1 and the ,pope in the whole ,church4 ,q4 #die4 #aaf ,who is the invisible ,head of the ,church8 ,a4 ,jesus ,christ is the invisible ,head of the ,church4 ,q4 #dif4 #aag ,who is the visible ,head of the ,church8 ,a4 ,our ,holy ,father the ,pope1 the ,bishop of ,rome1 is the ,vicar of ,christ on earth and the visible ,head of the ,church4 ,q4 #dig4 ,what does vicar mean8 ,a4 ,vicar is a name used in the ,church to designate a person who acts in the name and authority of another4 ,thus a ,vicar ,apostolic is one who acts in the name of the ,pope1 and a ,vicar ,general is one who acts in the name of the bishop4 ,q4 #dih4 ,could any one be ,pope without being ,bishop of ,rome8 ,a4 ,one could not be ,pope without being ,bishop of ,rome1 and whoever is elected ,pope must give up his title to any other diocese and take the title of ,bishop of ,rome4 ,q4 #dii4 #aah ,why is the ,pope1 the ,bishop of ,rome1 the visible ,head of the ,church8 ,a4 ,the ,pope1 the ,bishop of ,rome1 is the visible ,head of the ,church because he is the successor of ,st4 ,peter1 whom ,christ made the chief of the ,apostles and the visible ,head of the ,church4 ,q4 #ejj4 ,why are ,catholics called ,roman8 ,a4 ,catholics are called ,roman to show that they are in union with the true ,church founded by ,christ and governed by the ,apostles under the direction of ,st4 ,peter1 by divine appointment the ,chief of the ,apostles1 who founded the ,church of ,rome and was its first bishop4 ,q4 #eja4 ,by what name is a bishop's diocese sometimes called8 ,a4 ,a bishop's diocese is sometimes called his see4 ,the diocese of ,rome1 on account of its authority and dignity1 is called the ,holy ,see1 and its bishop is called the ,holy ,father or ,pope4 ,pope means father4 ,q4 #ejb4 ,what do we call the right by which ,st4 ,peter or his successor has always been the head of the ,church and of all its bishops8 ,a4 ,we call the right by which ,st4 ,peter or his successor has always been the head of the ,church1 and of all its bishops1 the ,primacy of ,st4 ,peter or of the ,pope4 ,primacy means holding first place4 ,q4 #ejc4 ,how is it shown that ,st4 ,peter or his successor has always been the head of the ,church8 ,a4 ,it is shown that ,st4 ,peter or his successor has always been the head of the ,church3 7#a7 ,from the words of ,holy ,scripture1 which tell how ,christ appointed ,peter ,chief of the ,apostles and head of the ,church4 7#b7 ,from the history of the ,church1 which shows that ,peter and his successors have always acted and have always been recognized as the head of the ,church4 ,q4 #ejd4 ,how do we know that the rights and privileges bestowed on ,st4 ,peter were given also to his successors--the ,popes8 ,a4 ,we know that the rights and privileges bestowed on ,st4 ,peter were given also to his successors1 the ,popes1 because the promises made to ,st4 ,peter by ,our ,lord were to be fulfilled in the ,church till the end of time1 and as ,peter was not to live till the end of time1 they are fulfilled in his successors4 ,q4 #eje4 ,did ,st4 ,peter establish any ,church before he came to ,rome8 ,a4 ,before he came to ,rome1 ,st4 ,peter established a ,church at ,antioch and ruled over it for several years4 ,q4 #ejf4 #aai ,who are the successors of the other ,apostles8 ,a4 ,the successors of the other ,apostles are the ,bishops of the ,holy ,catholic ,church4 ,q4 #ejg4 ,how do we know that the bishops of the ,church are the successors of the ,apostles8 ,a4 ,we know that the bishops of the ,church are the successors of the ,apostles because they continue the work of the ,apostles and give proof of the same authority4 ,they have always exercised the rights and powers that belonged to the ,apostles in making laws for the ,church1 in consecrating bishops and ordaining priests4 ,q4 #ejh4 #abj ,why did ,christ found the ,church8 ,a4 ,christ founded the ,church to teach1 govern1 sanctify1 and save all men4 ,q4 #eji4 #aba ,are all bound to belong to the ,church8 ,a4 ,all are bound to belong to the ,church1 and he who knows the ,church to be the true ,church and remains out of it cannot be saved4 ,q4 #eaj4 ,is it ever possible for one to be saved who does not know the ,catholic ,church to be the true ,church8 ,a4 ,it is possible for one to be saved who does not know the ,catholic ,church to be the true ,church1 provided that person3 7#a7 has been validly baptized2 7#b7 firmly believes the religion he professes and practices to be the true religion1 and 7#c7 dies without the guilt of mortal sin on his soul4 ,q4 #eaa4 ,why do we say it is only possible for a person to be saved who does not know the ,catholic ,church to be the true ,church8 ,a4 ,we say it is only possible for a person to be saved who does not know the ,catholic ,church to be the true ,church1 because the necessary conditions are not often found1 especially that of dying in a state of grace without making use of the ,sacrament of ,penance4 ,q4 #eab4 ,how are such persons said to belong to the ,church8 ,a4 ,such persons are said to belong to the soul of the church2 that is1 they are really members of the ,church without knowing it4 ,those who share in its ,sacraments and worship are said to belong to the body or visible part of the ,church4 ,q4 #eac4 ,why must the true ,church be visible8 ,a4 ,the true ,church must be visible because its founder1 ,jesus ,christ1 commanded us under pain of condemnation to hear the ,church2 and ,he could not in justice command us to hear a ,church that could not be seen and known4 ,q4 #ead4 ,what excuses do some give for not becoming members of the true ,church8 ,a4 ,the excuses some give for not becoming members of the true church are3 7#a7 ,they do not wish to leave the religion in which they were born2 7#b7 ,there are too many poor and ignorant people in the ,catholic ,church2 7#c7 ,one religion is as good as another if we try to serve ,god in it1 and be upright and honest in our lives4 ,q4 #eae4 ,how do you answer such excuses8 ,a4 7#a7 ,to say that we should remain in a false religion because we were born in it is as untrue as to say we should not heal our bodily diseases because we were born with them2 7#b7 ,to say there are too many poor and ignorant in the ,catholic ,church is to declare that it is ,christ's ,church2 for ,he always taught the poor and ignorant and instructed ,his ,church to continue the work2 7#c7 ,to say that one religion is as good as another is to assert that ,christ labored uselessly and taught falsely2 for ,he came to abolish the old religion and found the new in which alone we can be saved as ,he ,himself declared4 ,q4 #eaf4 ,why can there be only one true religion8 ,a4 ,there can be only one true religion1 because a thing cannot be false and true at the same time1 and1 therefore1 all religions that contradict the teaching of the true ,church must teach falsehood4 ,if all religions in which men seek to serve ,god are equally good and true1 why did ,christ disturb the ,jewish religion and the ,apostles condemn heretics8 ,,lesson ,,twelfth4 ,,on ,,the ,,attributes ,,and ,,marks ,,of ,,the ,,church4 ,q4 #eag4 ,what is an attribute8 ,a4 ,an attribute is any characteristic or quality that a person or thing may be said to have4 ,all perfections or imperfections are attributes4 ,q4 #eah4 ,what is a mark8 ,a4 ,a mark is a given and known sign by which a thing can be distinguished from all others of its kind4 ,thus a trademark is used to distinguish the article bearing it from all imitations of the same article4 ,q4 #eai4 ,how do we know that the ,church must have the four marks and three attributes usually ascribed or given to it8 ,a4 ,we know that the ,church must have the four marks and three attributes usually ascribed or given to it from the words of ,christ given in the ,holy ,scripture and in the teaching of the ,church from its beginning4 ,q4 #ebj4 ,can the ,church have the four marks without the three attributes8 ,a4 ,the ,church cannot have the four marks without the three attributes1 because the three attributes necessarily come with the marks and without them the marks could not exist4 ,q4 #eba4 ,why are both marks and attributes necessary in the ,church8 ,a4 ,both marks and attributes are necessary in the ,church1 for the marks teach us its external or visible qualities1 while the attributes teach us its internal or invisible qualities4 ,it is easier to discover the marks than the attributes2 for it is easier to see that the ,church is one than that it is infallible4 ,q4 #ebb4 #abb ,which are the attributes of the ,church8 ,a4 ,the attributes of the ,church are three3 authority1 infallibility1 and indefectibility4 ,q4 #ebc4 ,what is authority8 ,a4 ,authority is the power which one person has over another so as to be able to justly exact obedience4 ,rulers have authority over their subjects1 parents over their children1 and teachers over their scholars4 ,q4 #ebd4 ,from whom must all persons derive whatever lawful authority they possess8 ,a4 ,all persons must derive whatever lawful authority they possess from ,god ,himself1 from whom they receive it directly or indirectly4 ,therefore1 to disobey our lawful superiors is to disobey ,god ,himself1 and hence such disobedience is always sinful4 ,q4 #ebe4 #abc ,what do you mean by the authority of the ,church8 ,a4 ,by the authority of the ,church ,i mean the right and power which the ,pope and the ,bishops1 as the successors of the ,apostles1 have to teach and to govern the faithful4 ,q4 #ebf4 #abd ,what do you mean by the infallibility of the ,church8 ,a4 ,by the infallibility of the ,church ,i mean that the ,church can not err when it teaches a doctrine of faith or morals4 ,q4 #ebg4 ,what do we mean by a doctrine of faith or morals8 ,a4 ,by a doctrine of faith or morals we mean the revealed teaching that refers to whatever we must believe and do in order to be saved4 ,q4 #ebh4 ,how do you know that the ,church can not err8 ,a4 ,i know that the ,church can not err because ,christ promised that the ,holy ,ghost would remain with it forever and save it from error4 ,if1 therefore1 the ,church has erred1 the ,holy ,ghost must have abandoned it and ,christ has failed to keep ,his promise1 which is a thing impossible4 ,q4 #ebi4 ,since the ,church can not err1 could it ever be reformed in its teaching of faith or morals8 ,a4 ,since the ,church can not err1 it could never be reformed in its teaching of faith or morals4 ,those who say the ,church needed reformation in faith or morals accuse ,our ,lord of falsehood and deception4 ,q4 #ecj4 #abe ,when does the ,church teach infallibly8 ,a4 ,the ,church teaches infallibly when it speaks through the ,pope and ,bishops united in general council1 or through the ,pope alone when he proclaims to all the faithful a doctrine of faith or morals4 ,q4 #eca4 ,what is necessary that the ,pope may speak infallibly or ex-cathedra8 ,a4 ,that the ,pope may speak infallibly1 or ex-cathedra1 7#a7 ,he must speak on a subject of faith or morals2 7#b7 ,he must speak as the ,vicar of ,christ and to the whole ,church2 7#c7 ,he must indicate by certain words1 such as1 we define1 we proclaim1 c41 that he intends to speak infallibly4 ,q4 #ecb4 ,is the ,pope infallible in everything he says and does8 ,a4 ,the ,pope is not infallible in everything he says and does1 because the ,holy ,ghost was not promised to make him infallible in everything1 but only in matters of faith and morals for the whole ,church4 ,nevertheless1 the ,pope's opinion on any subject deserves our greatest respect on account of his learning1 experience and dignity4 ,q4 #ecc4 ,can the ,pope commit sin8 ,a4 ,the ,pope can commit sin and he must seek forgiveness in the ,sacrament of ,penance as others do4 ,infallibility does not prevent him from sinning1 but from teaching falsehood when he speaks ex-cathedra4 ,q4 #ecd4 ,what does ex-cathedra mean8 ,a4 ,cathedra means a seat1 and ex means out of4 ,therefore1 ex-cathedra means speaking from the seat or official place held by ,st4 ,peter and his successors as the head of the whole ,church4 ,q4 #ece4 ,why is the chief ,church in a diocese called a ,cathedral8 ,a4 ,the chief ,church in a diocese is called a ,cathedral because the bishop's cathedra1 that is1 his seat or throne1 is erected in it1 and because he celebrates all important feasts and performs all his special duties in it4 ,q4 #ecf4 ,how many ,popes have governed the ,church from ,st4 ,peter to ,pius ,,xi48 ,a4 ,from ,st4 ,peter to ,pius ,,xi41 #bfa ,popes have governed the ,church2 and many of them have been remarkable for their zeal1 prudence1 learning and sanctity4 ,q4 #ecg4 ,what does anti-pope mean1 and who were the anti-popes8 ,a4 ,anti-pope means a pretended pope4 ,the anti-popes were men who by the aid of faithless ,christians or others unlawfully seized and claimed the papal power while the lawful pope was in prison or exile4 ,q4 #ech4 ,why must the ,pope sometimes warn us on political and other matters8 ,a4 ,the ,pope must sometimes warn us on political and other matters1 because whatever nations or men do is either good or bad1 just or unjust1 and wherever the ,pope discovers falsehood1 wickedness or injustice he must speak against it and defend the truths of faith and morals4 ,he must protect also the temporal rights and property of the ,church committed to his care4 ,q4 #eci4 ,what do we mean by the temporal power of the ,pope8 ,a4 ,by the temporal power of the ,pope we mean the right which the ,pope has as a temporal or ordinary ruler to govern the states and manage the properties that have rightfully come into the possession of the ,church4 ,q4 #edj4 ,how did the ,pope acquire and how was he deprived of the temporal power8 ,a4 ,the ,pope acquired the temporal power in a just manner by the consent of those who had a right to bestow it4 ,he was deprived of it in an unjust manner by political changes4 ,q4 #eda4 ,how was the temporal power useful to the ,church8 ,a4 ,the temporal power was useful to the ,church 7#a7 because it gave the ,pope the complete independence necessary for the government of the ,church and for the defense of truth and virtue4 7#b7 ,it enabled him to do much for the spread of the true religion by giving alms for the establishment and support of ,churches and schools in poor or pagan countries4 ,q4 #edb4 ,what name do we give to the offerings made yearly by the faithful for the support of the ,pope and the government of the ,church8 ,a4 ,we call the offerings made yearly by the faithful for the support of the ,pope and government of the ,church ,peter's pence4 ,it derives its name from the early custom of sending yearly a penny from every house to the successor of ,st4 ,peter1 as a mark of respect or as an alms for some charity4 ,q4 #edc4 #abf ,what do you mean by the indefectibility of the ,church8 ,a4 ,by the indefectibility of the ,church ,i mean that the ,church1 as ,christ founded it1 will last till the end of time4 ,q4 #edd4 ,what is the difference between the infallibility and indefectibility of the ,church8 ,a4 ,when we say the ,church is infallible we mean that it can never teach error while it lasts2 but when we say the ,church is indefectible1 we mean that it will last forever and be infallible forever2 that it will always remain as ,our ,lord founded it and never change the doctrines ,he taught4 ,q4 #ede4 ,did ,our ,lord ,himself make all the laws of the ,church8 ,a4 ,our ,lord ,himself did not make all the laws of the ,church4 ,he gave the ,church also power to make laws to suit the needs of the times1 places or persons as it judged necessary4 ,q4 #edf4 ,can the ,church change its laws8 ,a4 ,the ,church can1 when necessary1 change the laws it has itself made1 but it cannot change the laws that ,christ has made4 ,neither can the ,church change any doctrine of faith or morals4 ,q4 #edg4 #abg ,in whom are these attributes found in their fullness8 ,a4 ,these attributes are found in their fullness in the ,pope1 the visible ,head of the ,church1 whose infallible authority to teach bishops1 priests1 and people in matters of faith or morals will last to the end of the world4 ,q4 #edh4 #abh ,has the ,church any marks by which it may be known8 ,a4 ,the ,church has four marks by which it may be known3 it is ,one2 it is ,holy2 it is ,catholic2 it is ,apostolic4 ,q4 #edi4 #abi ,how is the ,church ,one8 ,a4 ,the ,church is ,one because all its members agree in one faith1 are all in one communion1 and are all under one head4 ,q4 #eej4 ,how is it evident that the ,church is one in government8 ,a4 ,it is evident that the ,church is one in government1 for the faithful in a parish are subject to their pastors1 the pastors are subject to the bishops of their dioceses1 and the bishops of the world are subject to the ,pope4 ,q4 #eea4 ,what is meant by the ,hierarchy of the ,church8 ,a4 ,by the ,hierarchy of the ,church is meant the sacred body of clerical rules who govern the ,church4 ,q4 #eeb4 ,how is it evident that the ,church is one in worship8 ,a4 ,it is evident that the ,church is one in worship because all its members make use of the same sacrifice and receive the same ,sacraments4 ,q4 #eec4 ,how is it evident that the ,church is one in faith8 ,a4 ,it is evident the ,church is one in faith because all ,catholics throughout the world believe each and every article of faith proposed by the ,church4 ,q4 #eed4 ,could a person who denies only one article of our faith be a ,catholic8 ,a4 ,a person who denies even one article of our faith could not be a ,catholic2 for truth is one and we must accept it whole and entire or not at all4 ,q4 #eee4 ,are there any pious beliefs and practices in the ,church that are not articles of faith8 ,a4 ,there are many pious beliefs and practices in the ,church that are not articles of faith2 that is1 we are not bound under pain of sin to believe in them2 yet we will often find them useful aids to holiness1 and hence they are recommended by our pastors4 ,q4 #eef4 ,of what sin are persons guilty who put firm belief in religious or other practices that are either forbidden or useless8 ,a4 ,persons who put a firm belief in religious or other practices that are forbidden or useless are guilty of the sin of superstition4 ,q4 #eeg4 ,where does the ,church find the revealed truths it is bound to teach8 ,a4 ,the ,church finds the revealed truths it is bound to teach in the ,holy ,scripture and revealed traditions4 ,q4 #eeh4 ,what is the ,holy ,scripture or ,bible8 ,a4 ,the ,holy ,scripture or ,bible is the collection of sacred1 inspired writings through which ,god has made known to us many revealed truths4 ,some call them letters from ,heaven to earth1 that is1 from ,god to man4 ,q4 #eei4 ,what is meant by the ,canon of the ,sacred ,scriptures8 ,a4 ,the ,canon of ,sacred ,scriptures means the list the ,church has prepared to teach us what sacred writings are ,holy ,scripture and contain the inspired word of ,god4 ,q4 #efj4 ,where does the ,church find the revealed traditions8 ,a4 ,the ,church finds the revealed traditions in the decrees of its councils2 in its books of worship2 in its paintings and inscriptions on tombs and monuments2 in the lives of its ,saints2 the writings of its ,fathers1 and in its own history4 ,q4 #efa4 ,must we ourselves seek in the ,scriptures and traditions for what we are to believe8 ,a4 ,we ourselves need not seek in the ,scriptures and traditions for what we are to believe4 ,god has appointed the ,church to be our guide to salvation and we must accept its teaching us our infallible rule of faith4 ,q4 #efb4 ,how do we show that the ,holy ,scriptures alone could not be our guide to salvation and infallible rule of faith8 ,a4 ,we show that the ,holy ,scripture alone could not be our guide to salvation and infallible rule of faith3 7#a7 ,because all men cannot examine or understand the ,holy ,scripture2 but all can listen to the teaching of the ,church2 7#b7 ,because the ,new ,testament or ,christian part of the ,scripture was not written at the beginning of the ,church's existence1 and1 therefore1 could not have been used as the rule of faith by the first ,christians2 7#c7 ,because there are many things in the ,holy ,scripture that cannot be understood without the explanation given by tradition1 and hence those who take the ,scripture alone for their rule of faith are constantly disputing about its meaning and what they are to believe4 ,q4 #efc4 #acj ,how is the ,church ,holy8 ,a4 ,the ,church is ,holy because its founder1 ,jesus ,christ1 is holy2 because it teaches a holy doctrine2 invites all to a holy life2 and because of the eminent holiness of so many thousands of its children4 ,q4 #efd4 #aca ,how is the ,church ,catholic or universal8 ,a4 ,the ,church is ,catholic or universal because it subsists in all ages1 teaches all nations1 and maintains all truth4 ,q4 #efe4 ,how do you show that the ,catholic ,church is universal in time1 in place1 and in doctrine8 ,a4 7#a7 ,the ,catholic ,church is universal in time1 for from the time of the ,apostles to the present it has existed1 taught and labored in every age2 7#b7 ,it is universal in place1 for it has taught throughout the whole world2 7#c7 ,it is universal in doctrine1 for it teaches the same everywhere1 and its doctrines are suited to all classes of persons4 ,it has converted all the pagan nations that have ever been converted4 ,q4 #eff4 ,why does the ,church use the ,latin language instead of the national language of its children8 ,a4 ,the ,church uses the ,latin language instead of the national language of its children3 7#a7 ,to avoid the danger of changing any part of its teaching in using different languages2 7#b7 ,that all its rulers may be perfectly united and understood in their communications2 7#c7 ,to show that the ,church is not an institute of any particular nation1 but the guide of all nations4 ,q4 #efg4 #acb ,how is the ,church ,apostolic8 ,a4 ,the ,church is ,apostolic because it was founded by ,christ on ,his ,apostles1 and is governed by their lawful successors1 and because it has never ceased1 and never will cease1 to teach their doctrine4 ,q4 #efh4 ,does the ,church1 by defining certain truths1 thereby make new doctrines8 ,a4 ,the ,church1 by defining1 that is1 by proclaiming certain truths1 articles of faith1 does not make new doctrines1 but simply teaches more clearly and with greater effort truths that have always been believed and held by the ,church4 ,q4 #efi4 ,what1 then1 is the use of defining or declaring a truth an article of faith if it has always been believed8 ,a4 ,the use of defining or declaring a truth an article of faith1 even when it has always been believed1 is3 7#a7 ,to clearly contradict those who deny it and show their teaching false2 7#b7 ,to remove all doubt about the exact teaching of the ,church1 and to put an end to all discussion about the truth defined4 ,q4 #egj4 #acc ,in which ,church are these attributes and marks found8 ,a4 ,these attributes and marks are found in the ,holy ,roman ,catholic ,church alone4 ,q4 #ega4 ,how do you show that ,protestant ,churches have not the marks of the true ,church8 ,a4 ,protestant ,churches have not the marks of the true ,church1 because3 7#a7 ,they are not one either in government or faith2 for they have no chief head1 and they profess different beliefs2 7#b7 ,they are not holy1 because their doctrines are founded on error and lead to evil consequences2 7#c7 ,they are not catholic or universal in time1 place or doctrine4 ,they have not existed in all ages nor in all places1 and their doctrines do not suit all classes2 7#d7 ,they are not apostolic1 for they were not established for hundreds of years after the ,apostles1 and they do not teach the doctrines of the ,apostles4 ,q4 #egb4 #acd ,from whom does the ,church derive its undying life and infallible authority8 ,a4 ,the ,church derives its undying life and infallible authority from the ,holy ,ghost1 the spirit of truth1 who abides with it forever4 ,q4 #egc4 #ace ,by whom is the ,church made and kept ,one1 ,holy1 and ,catholic8 ,a4 ,the ,church is made and kept ,one1 ,holy1 and ,catholic by the ,holy ,ghost1 the spirit of love and holiness1 who unites and sanctifies its members throughout the world4 ,,lesson ,,thirteenth4 ,,on ,,the ,,sacraments ,,in ,,general4 ,q4 #egd4 #acf ,what is a ,sacrament8 ,a4 ,a ,sacrament is an outward sign instituted by ,christ to give grace4 ,q4 #ege4 ,are these three things1 namely3 ,an outward or visible sign1 the institution of that sign by ,christ1 and the giving of grace through the use of that sign1 always necessary for the existence of a ,sacrament8 ,a4 ,these three things1 namely3 ,an outward or visible sign1 the institution of that sign by ,christ1 and the giving of grace through the use of that sign1 are always necessary for the existence of a ,sacrament1 and if any of the three be wanting there can be no ,sacrament4 ,q4 #egf4 ,why does the ,church use numerous ceremonies or actions in applying the outward signs of the ,sacraments8 ,a4 ,the ,church uses numerous ceremonies or actions in applying the outward signs of the ,sacraments to increase our reverence and devotion for the ,sacraments1 and to explain their meaning and effects4 ,q4 #egg4 #acg ,how many ,sacraments are there8 ,a4 ,there are seven ,sacraments3 ,baptism1 ,confirmation1 ,holy ,eucharist1 ,penance1 ,extreme ,unction1 ,holy ,orders1 and ,matrimony4 ,q4 #egh4 ,were all the ,sacraments instituted by ,our ,lord8 ,a4 ,all the ,sacraments were instituted by ,our ,lord1 for ,god alone has power to attach the gift of grace to the use of an outward or visible sign4 ,the ,church1 however1 can institute the ceremonies to be used in administering or giving the ,sacraments4 ,q4 #egi4 ,how do we know there are seven ,sacraments and no more or less8 ,a4 ,we know there are seven ,sacraments and no more or less because the ,church always taught that truth4 ,the number of the ,sacraments is a matter of faith1 and the ,church cannot be mistaken in matters of faith4 ,q4 #ehj4 ,why have the ,sacraments been instituted8 ,a4 ,the ,sacraments have been instituted as a special means through which we are to receive the grace merited for us by ,christ4 ,as ,christ is the giver of the grace1 ,he has the right to determine the manner in which it shall be given1 and one who refuses to make use of the ,sacraments will not receive ,god's grace4 ,q4 #eha4 ,do the ,sacraments recall in any way the means by which ,our ,lord merited the graces we receive through them8 ,a4 ,the ,sacraments recall in many ways the means by which ,our ,lord merited the graces we receive through them4 ,baptism recalls ,his profound humility2 ,confirmation ,his ceaseless prayer2 ,holy ,eucharist ,his care of the needy2 ,penance ,his mortified life2 ,extreme ,unction ,his model death2 ,holy ,orders ,his establishment of the priesthood1 and ,matrimony ,his close union with the ,church4 ,q4 #ehb4 ,give1 for example1 the outward sign in ,baptism and ,confirmation4 ,a4 ,the outward sign in ,baptism is the pouring of the water and the saying of the words of ,baptism4 ,the outward sign in ,confirmation is the anointing with oil1 the saying of the words of ,confirmation and the placing of the bishop's hands over the person he confirms4 ,q4 #ehc4 ,what is the use of the outward signs in the ,sacraments8 ,a4 ,without the outward signs in the ,sacraments we could not know when or with what effect the grace of the ,sacraments enters into our souls4 ,q4 #ehd4 ,does the outward sign merely indicate that grace has been given1 or does the use of the outward sign with the proper intention also give the grace of the ,sacrament8 ,a4 ,the outward sign is not used merely to indicate that grace has been given1 for the use of the outward sign with the proper intention also gives the grace of the ,sacrament4 ,hence the right application of the outward sign is always followed by the gift of internal grace if the ,sacrament be administered with the right intention and received with the right dispositions4 ,q4 #ehe4 ,what do we mean by the right intention for the administration of the ,sacraments8 ,a4 ,by the right intention for the administration of the ,sacraments we mean that whoever administers a ,sacrament must have the intention of doing what ,christ intended when ,he instituted the ,sacrament and what the ,church intends when it administers the ,sacrament4 ,q4 #ehf4 ,is there any likeness between the thing used in the outward sign and the grace given in each ,sacrament8 ,a4 ,there is a great likeness between the thing used in the outward sign and the grace given in each ,sacrament2 thus water is used for cleansing2 ,baptism cleanses the soul2 ,oil gives strength and light2 ,confirmation strengthens and enlightens the soul2 ,bread and wine nourish2 the ,holy ,eucharist nourishes the soul4 ,q4 #ehg4 ,what do we mean by the matter and form of the ,sacraments8 ,a4 ,by the matter of the ,sacraments we mean the visible things1 such as water1 oil1 bread1 wine1 c41 used for the ,sacraments4 ,by the form we mean the words1 such as ,i baptize thee1 ,i confirm thee1 c41 used in giving or administering the ,sacraments4 ,q4 #ehh4 ,do the needs of the soul resemble the needs of the body8 ,a4 ,the needs of the soul do resemble the needs of the body2 for the body must be born1 strengthened1 nourished1 healed in affliction1 helped at the hour of death1 guided by authority1 and given a place in which to dwell4 ,the soul is brought into spiritual life by ,baptism2 it is strengthened by ,confirmation2 nourished by the ,holy ,eucharist2 healed by ,penance2 helped at the hour of our death by ,extreme ,unction2 guided by ,god's ministers through the ,sacrament of ,holy ,orders1 and it is given a body in which to dwell by the ,sacrament of ,matrimony4 ,q4 #ehi4 #ach ,whence have the ,sacraments the power of giving grace8 ,a4 ,the ,sacraments have the power of giving grace from the merits of ,jesus ,christ4 ,q4 #eij4 ,does the effect of the ,sacraments depend on the worthiness or unworthiness of the one who administers them8 ,a4 ,the effect of the ,sacraments does not depend on the worthiness or unworthiness of the one who administers them1 but on the merits of ,jesus ,christ1 who instituted them1 and on the worthy dispositions of those who receive them4 ,q4 #eia4 #aci ,what grace do the ,sacraments give8 ,a4 ,some of the ,sacraments give sanctifying grace1 and others increase it in our souls4 ,q4 #eib4 ,when is a ,sacrament said to give1 and when is it said to increase1 grace in our souls8 ,a4 ,a ,sacrament is said to give grace when there is no grace whatever in the soul1 or in other words1 when the soul is in mortal sin4 ,a ,sacrament is said to increase grace when there is already grace in the soul1 to which more is added by the ,sacrament received4 ,q4 #eic4 #adj ,which are the ,sacraments that give sanctifying grace8 ,a4 ,the ,sacraments that give sanctifying grace are ,baptism and ,penance2 and they are called ,sacraments of the dead4 ,q4 #eid4 #ada ,why are ,baptism and ,penance called ,sacraments of the dead8 ,a4 ,baptism and ,penance are called ,sacraments of the dead because they take away sin1 which is the death of the soul1 and give grace1 which is its life4 ,q4 #eie4 ,may not the ,sacrament of ,penance be received by one who is in a state of grace8 ,a4 ,the ,sacrament of ,penance may be and very often is received by one who is in a state of grace1 and when thus received it increases--as the ,sacraments of the living do--the grace already in the soul4 ,q4 #eif4 #adb ,which are the ,sacraments that increase sanctifying grace in our soul8 ,a4 ,the ,sacraments that increase sanctifying grace in our souls are3 ,confirmation1 ,holy ,eucharist1 ,extreme ,unction1 ,holy ,orders1 and ,matrimony2 and they are called ,sacraments of the living4 ,q4 #eig4 ,what do we mean by ,sacraments of the dead and ,sacraments of the living8 ,a4 ,by the ,sacraments of the dead we mean those ,sacraments that may be lawfully received while the soul is in a state of mortal sin4 ,by the ,sacraments of the living we mean those ,sacraments that can be lawfully received only while the soul is in a state of grace--i4e41 free from mortal sin4 ,living and dead do not refer here to the persons1 but to the condition of the souls2 for none of the ,sacraments can be given to a dead person4 ,q4 #eih4 #adc ,why are ,confirmation1 ,holy ,eucharist1 ,extreme ,unction1 ,holy ,orders1 and ,matrimony called ,sacraments of the living8 ,a4 ,confirmation1 ,holy ,eucharist1 ,extreme ,unction1 ,holy ,orders1 and ,matrimony are called ,sacraments of the living because those who receive them worthily are already living the life of grace4 ,q4 #eii4 #add ,what sin does he commit who receives the ,sacraments of the living in mortal sin8 ,a4 ,he who receives the ,sacraments of the living in mortal sin commits a sacrilege1 which is a great sin1 because it is an abuse of a sacred thing4 ,q4 #fjj4 ,in what other ways besides the unworthy reception of the ,sacraments may persons commit sacrilege8 ,a4 ,besides the unworthy reception of the ,sacraments1 persons may commit sacrilege by the abuse of a sacred person1 place or thing2 for example1 by wilfully wounding a person consecrated to ,god2 by robbing or destroying a ,church2 by using the sacred vessels of the ,altar for unlawful purposes1 c4 ,q4 #fja4 #ade ,besides sanctifying grace do the ,sacraments give any other grace8 ,a4 ,besides sanctifying grace the ,sacraments give another grace1 called sacramental grace4 ,q4 #fjb4 #adf ,what is sacramental grace8 ,a4 ,sacramental grace is a special help which ,god gives1 to attain the end for which ,he instituted each ,sacrament4 ,q4 #fjc4 ,is the ,sacramental grace independent of the sanctifying grace given in the ,sacraments8 ,a4 ,the ,sacramental grace is not independent of the sanctifying grace given in the ,sacraments2 for it is the sanctifying grace that gives us a certain right to special helps--called ,sacramental grace--in each ,sacrament1 as often as we have to fulfill the end of the ,sacrament or are tempted against it4 ,q4 #fjd4 ,give an example of how the ,sacramental grace aids us1 for instance1 in ,confirmation and ,penance4 ,a4 ,the end of ,confirmation is to strengthen us in our faith4 ,when we are tempted to deny our religion by word or deed1 the ,sacramental ,grace of ,confirmation is given to us and helps us to cling to our faith and firmly profess it4 ,the end of ,penance is to destroy actual sin4 ,when we are tempted to sin1 the ,sacramental ,grace of ,penance is given to us and helps us to overcome the temptation and persevere in a state of grace4 ,the sacramental grace in each of the other ,sacraments is given in the same manner1 and aids us in attaining the end for which each ,sacrament was instituted and for which we receive it4 ,q4 #fje4 #adg ,do the ,sacraments always give grace8 ,a4 ,the ,sacraments always give grace1 if we receive them with the right dispositions4 ,q4 #fjf4 ,what do we mean by the right dispositions for the reception of the ,sacraments8 ,a4 ,by the right dispositions for the reception of the ,sacraments we mean the proper motives and the fulfillment of all the conditions required by ,god and the ,church for the worthy reception of the ,sacraments4 ,q4 #fjg4 ,give an example of the right dispositions for ,penance and for the ,holy ,eucharist4 ,a4 ,the right dispositions for ,penance are3 7#a7 ,to confess all our mortal sins as we know them2 7#b7 ,to be sorry for them1 and 7#c7 ,to have the determination never to commit them or others again4 ,the right dispositions for the ,holy ,eucharist are3 7#a7 ,to know what the ,holy ,eucharist is2 7#b7 ,to be in a state of grace1 and 7#c7--;except in special cases of sickness--to be fasting from midnight4 ,q4 #fjh4 #adh ,can we receive the ,sacraments more than once8 ,a4 ,we can receive the ,sacraments more than once1 except ,baptism1 ,confirmation1 and ,holy ,orders4 ,q4 #fji4 #adi ,why can we not receive ,baptism1 ,confirmation1 and ,holy ,orders more than once8 ,a4 ,we cannot receive ,baptism1 ,confirmation1 and ,holy ,orders more than once1 because they imprint a character in the soul4 ,q4 #faj4 #aej ,what is the character which these ,sacraments imprint in the soul8 ,a4 ,the character which these ,sacraments imprint in the soul is a spiritual mark which remains forever4 ,q4 #faa4 #aea ,does this character remain in the soul even after death8 ,a4 ,this character remains in the soul even after death2 for the honor and glory of those who are saved2 for the shame and punishment of those who are lost4 ,q4 #fab4 ,can the ,sacraments be given conditionally8 ,a4 ,the ,sacraments can be given conditionally as often as we doubt whether they were properly given before1 or whether they can be validly given now4 ,q4 #fac4 ,what do we mean by giving a ,sacrament conditionally8 ,a4 ,by giving a ,sacrament conditionally we mean that the person administering the ,sacrament intends to give it only in case it has not been given already or in case the person has the right dispositions for receiving it1 though the dispositions cannot be discovered4 ,q4 #fad4 ,give an example of how a ,sacrament is given conditionally4 ,a4 ,in giving ,baptism1 for instance1 conditionally--or what we call conditional ,baptism--the priest1 instead of saying absolutely1 as he does in ordinary ,baptism3 ,i baptize thee1 c41 says3 ,if you are not already baptized1 or if you are capable of being baptized1 ,i baptize thee1 c41 thus stating the sole condition on which he intends to administer the ,sacrament4 ,q4 #fae4 ,which of the ,sacraments are most frequently given conditionally8 ,a4 ,the ,sacraments most frequently given conditionally are ,baptism1 ,penance and ,extreme ,unction2 because in some cases it is difficult to ascertain whether these ,sacraments have been given before or whether they have been validly given1 or whether the person about to receive them has the right dispositions for them4 ,q4 #faf4 ,name some of the more common circumstances in which a priest is obliged to administer the ,sacraments conditionally4 ,a4 ,some of the more common circumstances in which a priest is obliged to administer the ,sacraments conditionally are3 7#a7 ,when he receives converts into the ,church and is not certain of their previous baptism1 he must baptize them conditionally4 7#b7 ,when he is called--as in cases of accident or sudden illness--and doubts whether the person be alive or dead1 or whether he should be given the ,sacraments1 he must give absolution and administer ,extreme ,unction conditionally4 ,q4 #fag4 ,what is the use and effect of giving the ,sacraments conditionally8 ,a4 ,the use of giving the ,sacraments conditionally is that there may be no irreverence to the ,sacraments in giving them to persons incapable or unworthy of receiving them2 and yet that no one who is capable or worthy may be deprived of them4 ,the effect is to supply the ,sacrament where it is needed or can be given1 and to withhold it where it is not needed or cannot be given4 ,q4 #fah4 ,what is the difference between the powers of a bishop and of a priest with regard to the administration of the ,sacraments8 ,a4 ,the difference between the powers of a bishop and of a priest with regard to the administration of the ,sacraments is that a bishop can give all the ,sacraments1 while a priest cannot give ,confirmation or ,holy ,orders4 ,q4 #fai4 ,can a person receive all the ,sacraments8 ,a4 ,a person cannot1 as a rule1 receive all the ,sacraments2 for a woman cannot receive ,holy ,orders1 and a man who receives priesthood is forbidden to receive the ,sacrament of ,matrimony4 ,,lesson ,,fourteenth4 ,,on ,,baptism4 ,q4 #fbj4 ,when was baptism instituted8 ,a4 ,baptism was instituted1 very probably1 about the time ,our ,lord was baptized by ,st4 ,john1 and its reception was commanded when after ,his resurrection ,our ,lord said to ,his ,apostles3 ,all power is given to ,me in heaven and in earth4 ,going1 therefore1 teach all nations1 baptizing them in the name of the ,father1 and of the ,son1 and of the ,holy ,ghost4 ,q4 #fba4 #aeb ,what is ,baptism8 ,a4 ,baptism is a ,sacrament which cleanses us from original sin1 makes us ,christians1 children of ,god1 and heirs of heaven4 ,q4 #fbb4 ,what were persons called in the first ages of the ,church who were being instructed and prepared for baptism8 ,a4 ,persons who were being instructed and prepared for baptism1 in the first ages of the ,church1 were called catechumens1 and they are frequently mentioned in ,church history4 ,q4 #fbc4 ,what persons are called heirs8 ,a4 ,all persons who inherit or come lawfully into the possession of property or goods at the death of another1 are called heirs4 ,q4 #fbd4 ,why1 then1 are we the heirs of ,christ8 ,a4 ,we are the heirs of ,christ because at ,his death we came into the possession of ,god's friendship1 of grace1 and of the right to enter heaven1 provided we comply with the conditions ,our ,lord has laid down for the gaining of this inheritance4 ,q4 #fbe4 ,what conditions has ,our ,lord laid down for the gaining of this inheritance8 ,a4 ,the conditions ,our ,lord has laid down for the gaining of this inheritance are3 7#a7 ,that we receive1 when possible1 the ,sacraments ,he has instituted2 and 7#b7 ,that we believe and practice all ,he has taught4 ,q4 #fbf4 ,did not ,st4 ,john the ,baptist institute the ,sacrament of ,baptism8 ,a4 ,st4 ,john the ,baptist did not institute the ,sacrament of ,baptism1 for ,christ alone could institute a ,sacrament4 ,the baptism given by ,st4 ,john had the effect of a ,sacramental2 that is1 it did not of itself give grace1 but prepared the way for it4 ,q4 #fbg4 #aec ,are actual sins ever remitted by ,baptism8 ,a4 ,actual sins and all the punishment due to them are remitted by ,baptism1 if the person baptized be guilty of any4 ,q4 #fbh4 ,that actual sins may be remitted by baptism1 is it necessary to be sorry for them8 ,a4 ,that actual sins may be remitted by baptism it is necessary to be sorry for them1 just as we must be when they are remitted by the ,sacrament of ,penance4 ,q4 #fbi4 ,what punishments are due to actual sins8 ,a4 ,two punishments are due to actual sins3 one1 called the eternal1 is inflicted in hell2 and the other1 called the temporal1 is inflicted in this world or in purgatory4 ,the ,sacrament of ,penance remits or frees us from the eternal punishment and generally only from part of the temporal4 ,prayer1 good works and indulgences in this world and the sufferings of purgatory in the next remit the remainder of the temporal punishment4 ,q4 #fcj4 ,why is there a double punishment attached to actual sins8 ,there is a double punishment attached to actual sins1 because in their commission there is a double guilt3 7#a7 ,of insulting ,god and of turning away from ,him2 7#b7 ,of depriving ,him of the honor we owe ,him1 and of turning to ,his enemies4 ,q4 #fca4 #aed ,is ,baptism necessary to salvation8 ,a4 ,baptism is necessary to salvation1 because without it we cannot enter into the kingdom of heaven4 ,q4 #fcb4 ,where will persons go who--such as infants--have not committed actual sin and who1 through no fault of theirs1 die without baptism8 ,a4 ,persons1 such as infants1 who have not committed actual sin and who1 through no fault of theirs1 die without baptism1 cannot enter heaven2 but it is the common belief they will go to some place similar to ,limbo1 where they will be free from suffering1 though deprived of the happiness of heaven4 ,q4 #fcc4 #aee ,who can administer ,baptism8 ,a4 ,a priest is the ordinary minister of baptism2 but in case of necessity anyone who has the use of reason may baptize4 ,q4 #fcd4 ,what do we mean by the ordinary minister of a ,sacrament8 ,a4 ,by the ordinary minister of a ,sacrament we mean the one who usually does administer the ,sacrament1 and who has always the right to do so4 ,q4 #fce4 ,can a person who has not himself been baptized1 and who does not even believe in the ,sacrament of baptism1 give it validly to another in case of necessity8 ,a4 ,a person who has not himself been baptized1 and who does not even believe in the ,sacrament of baptism1 can give it validly to another in case of necessity1 provided3 7#a7 ,he has the use of reason2 7#b7 ,knows how to give baptism1 and 7#c7 ,intends to do what the ,church intends in the giving of the ,sacrament4 ,baptism is so necessary that ,god affords every opportunity for its reception4 ,q4 #fcf4 ,why do the consequences of original sin1 such as suffering1 temptation1 sickness1 and death1 remain after the sin has been forgiven in baptism8 ,a4 ,the consequences of original sin1 such as suffering1 temptation1 sickness and death1 remain after the sin has been forgiven in baptism3 7#a7 ,to remind us of the misery that always follows sin2 and 7#b7 ,to afford us an opportunity of increasing our merit by bearing these hardships patiently4 ,q4 #fcg4 ,can a person ever receive any of the other ,sacraments without first receiving baptism8 ,a4 ,a person can never receive any of the other ,sacraments without first receiving baptism1 because baptism makes us members of ,christ's ,church1 and unless we are members of ,his ,church we cannot receive ,his ,sacraments4 ,q4 #fch4 #aef ,how is ,baptism given8 ,a4 ,whoever baptizes should pour water on the head of the person to be baptized1 and say1 while pouring the water3 ,i baptize thee in the name of the ,father1 and of the ,son1 and of the ,holy ,ghost4 ,q4 #fci4 ,if water cannot be had1 in case of necessity1 may any other liquid be used for baptism8 ,a4 ,if water cannot be had1 in case of necessity or in any case1 no other liquid can be used1 and the baptism cannot be given4 ,q4 #fdj4 ,if it is impossible1 in case of necessity1 to reach the head1 may the water be poured on any other part of the body8 ,a4 ,if it is impossible1 in case of necessity1 to reach the head1 the water should be poured on whatever part of the body can be reached2 but then the baptism must be given conditionally2 that is1 before pronouncing the words of baptism1 you must say3 ,if ,i can baptize thee in this way1 ,i baptize thee in the name of the ,father1 c4 ,if the head can afterward be reached1 the water must be poured on the head and the baptism repeated conditionally by saying3 ,if you are not already baptized1 ,i baptize thee in the name1 c4 ,q4 #fda4 ,is the baptism valid if we say3 ,i baptize thee in the name of the ,holy ,trinity1 without naming the ,persons of the ,trinity8 ,a4 ,the baptism is not valid if we say3 ,i baptize thee in the name of the ,holy ,trinity1 without naming the ,persons of the ,trinity2 for we must use the exact words instituted by ,christ4 ,q4 #fdb4 ,is it wrong to defer the baptism of an infant8 ,a4 ,it is wrong to defer the baptism of an infant1 because we thereby expose the child to the danger of dying without the ,sacrament4 ,q4 #fdc4 ,can we baptize a child against the wishes of its parents8 ,a4 ,we cannot baptize a child against the wishes of its parents2 and if the parents are not ,catholics1 they must not only consent to the baptism1 but also agree to bring the child up in the ,catholic religion4 ,but if a child is surely dying1 we may baptize it without either the consent or permission of its parents4 ,q4 #fdd4 #aeg ,how many kinds of ,baptism are there8 ,a4 ,there are three kinds of ,baptism3 ,baptism of water1 of desire1 and of blood4 ,q4 #fde4 #aeh ,what is ,baptism of water8 ,a4 ,baptism of water is that which is given by pouring water on the head of the person to be baptized1 and saying at the same time1 ,i baptize thee in the name of the ,father1 and of the ,son1 and of the ,holy ,ghost4 ,q4 #fdf4 ,in how many ways was the baptism of water given in the first ages of the ,church8 ,a4 ,in the first ages of the ,church1 baptism of water was given in three ways1 namely1 by immersion or dipping1 by aspersion or sprinkling1 and by infusion or pouring4 ,although any of these methods would be valid1 only the method of infusion or pouring is now allowed in the ,church4 ,q4 #fdg4 ,what are the chief ceremonies used in solemn baptism1 and what do they signify8 ,a4 ,the chief ceremonies used in solemn baptism are3 7#a7 ,a profession of faith and renouncement of the devil to signify our worthiness2 7#b7 ,the placing of salt in the mouth to signify the wisdom imparted by faith2 7#c7 ,the holding of the priest's stole to signify our reception into the ,church2 7#d7 ,the anointing to signify the strength given by the ,sacrament2 7#e7 ,the giving of the white garment or cloth to signify our sinless state after baptism2 and 7#f7 ,the giving of the lighted candle to signify the light of faith and fire of love that should dwell in our souls4 ,q4 #fdh4 ,should one who1 in case of necessity1 has been baptized with private baptism1 be afterwards brought to the ,church to have the ceremonies of solemn baptism completed8 ,a4 ,one who1 in case of necessity1 has been baptized with private baptism should afterwards be brought to the ,church to have the ceremonies of solemn baptism completed1 because these ceremonies are commanded by the ,church and bring down blessings upon us4 ,q4 #fdi4 ,is solemn baptism given with any special kind of water8 ,a4 ,solemn baptism is given with consecrated water2 that is1 water mixed with holy oil and blessed for baptism on ,holy ,saturday and on the ,saturday before ,pentecost4 ,it is always kept in the baptismal font in the baptistry--a place near the door of the ,church set apart for baptism4 ,q4 #fej4 #aei ,what is ,baptism of desire8 ,a4 ,baptism of desire is an ardent wish to receive ,baptism1 and to do all that ,god has ordained for our salvation4 ,q4 #fea4 #afj ,what is ,baptism of blood8 ,a4 ,baptism of blood is the shedding of one's blood for the faith of ,christ4 ,q4 #feb4 ,what is the baptism of blood most commonly called8 ,a4 ,the baptism of blood is most commonly called martyrdom1 and those who receive it are called martyrs4 ,it is the death one patiently suffers from the enemies of our religion1 rather than give up ,catholic faith or virtue4 ,we must not seek martyrdom1 though we must endure it when it comes4 ,q4 #fec4 #afa ,is ,baptism of desire or of blood sufficient to produce the effects of ,baptism of water8 ,a4 ,baptism of desire or of blood is sufficient to produce the effects of the ,baptism of water1 if it is impossible to receive the ,baptism of water4 ,q4 #fed4 ,how do we know that the baptism of desire or of blood will save us when it is impossible to receive the baptism of water8 ,a4 ,we know that baptism of desire or of blood will save us when it is impossible to receive the baptism of water1 from ,holy ,scripture1 which teaches that love of ,god and perfect contrition can secure the remission of sins2 and also that ,our ,lord promises salvation to those who lay down their life for ,his sake or for ,his teaching4 ,q4 #fee4 #afb ,what do we promise in ,baptism8 ,a4 ,in ,baptism we promise to renounce the devil1 with all his works and pomps4 ,q4 #fef4 ,what do we mean by the pomps of the devil8 ,a4 ,by the pomps of the devil we mean all worldly pride1 vanities and vain shows by which people are enticed into sin1 and all foolish or sinful display of ourselves or of what we possess4 ,q4 #feg4 #afc ,why is the name of a saint given in ,baptism8 ,a4 ,the name of a saint is given in ,baptism in order that the person baptized may imitate his virtues and have him for a protector4 ,q4 #feh4 ,what is the ,saint whose name we bear called8 ,a4 ,the saint whose name we bear is called our patron saint--to whom we should have great devotion4 ,q4 #fei4 ,what names should never be given in baptism8 ,a4 ,these and similar names should never be given in baptism3 7#a7 ,the names of noted unbelievers1 heretics or enemies of religion and virtue2 7#b7 the names of heathen gods1 and 7#c7 nick-names4 ,q4 #ffj4 #afd ,why are godfathers and godmothers given in ,baptism8 ,a4 ,godfathers and godmothers are given in ,baptism in order that they may promise1 in the name of the child1 what the child itself would promise if it had the use of reason4 ,q4 #ffa4 ,by what other name are godfathers and godmothers called8 ,a4 ,godfathers and godmothers are usually called sponsors4 ,sponsors are not necessary at private baptism4 ,q4 #ffb4 ,can a person ever be sponsor when absent from the baptism8 ,a4 ,a person can be sponsor even when absent from the baptism1 provided he has been asked and has consented to be sponsor1 and provided also some one answers the questions and touches the person to be baptized in his name4 ,the absent godfather or godmother is then said to be sponsor by proxy and becomes the real godparent of the one baptized4 ,q4 #ffc4 ,with whom do godparents1 as well as the one baptizing1 contract a relationship8 ,a4 ,godparents1 as well as the one baptizing1 contract a spiritual relationship with the person baptized 7not with his parents71 and this relationship is an impediment to marriage that must be made known to the priest in case of their future marriage with one another4 ,the godfather and godmother contract no relationship with each other4 ,q4 #ffd4 ,what questions should persons who bring a child for baptism be able to answer8 ,a4 ,persons who bring a child for baptism should be able to tell3 7#a7 ,the exact place where the child lives2 7#b7 ,the full name of its parents1 and1 in particular1 the maiden name1 or name before her marriage1 of its mother2 7#c7 ,the exact day of the month on which it was born2 7#d7 ,whether or not it has received private baptism1 and 7#e7 ,whether its parents be ,catholics4 ,sponsors must know also the chief truths of our religion4 ,q4 #ffe4 #afe ,what is the obligation of a godfather and a godmother8 ,a4 ,the obligation of a godfather and a godmother is to instruct the child in its religious duties1 if the parents neglect to do so or die4 ,q4 #fff4 ,can persons who are not ,catholics be sponsors for ,catholic children8 ,a4 ,persons who are not ,catholics cannot be sponsors for ,catholic children1 because they cannot perform the duties of sponsors2 for if they do not know and profess the ,catholic religion themselves1 how can they teach it to their godchildren8 ,moreover1 they must answer the questions asked at baptism and declare that they believe in the ,holy ,catholic ,church and in all it teaches2 which would be a falsehood on their part4 ,q4 #ffg4 ,what should parents chiefly consider in the selection of sponsors for their children8 ,a4 ,in the selection of sponsors for their children parents should chiefly consider the good character and virtue of the sponsors1 selecting model ,catholics to whom they would be willing at the hour of death to entrust the care and training of their children4 ,q4 #ffh4 ,what dispositions must adults or grown persons1 have that they may worthily receive baptism8 ,a4 ,that adults may worthily receive baptism3 7#a7 ,they must be willing to receive it2 7#b7 they must have faith in ,christ2 7#c7 they must have true sorrow for their sins1 and 7#d7 they must solemnly renounce the devil and all his works2 that is1 all sin4 ,q4 #ffi4 ,what is the ceremony of churching8 ,a4 ,the ceremony of churching is a particular blessing which a mother receives at the ,altar1 as soon as she is able to present herself in the ,church after the birth of her child4 ,in this ceremony the priest invokes ,god's blessing on the mother and child1 while she on her part returns thanks to ,god4 ,,lesson ,,fifteenth4 ,,on ,,confirmation4 ,q4 #fgj4 #aff ,what is ,confirmation8 ,a4 ,confirmation is a ,sacrament through which we receive the ,holy ,ghost to make us strong and perfect ,christians and soldiers of ,jesus ,christ4 ,q4 #fga4 ,when was ,confirmation instituted8 ,a4 ,the exact time at which ,confirmation was instituted is not known4 ,but as this ,sacrament was administered by the ,apostles and numbered with the other ,sacraments instituted by ,our ,lord1 it is certain that ,he instituted this ,sacrament also and instructed ,his ,apostles in its use1 at some time before ,his ascension into heaven4 ,q4 #fgb4 ,why is ,confirmation so called8 ,a4 ,confirmation is so called from its chief effect1 which is to strengthen or render us more firm in whatever belongs to our faith and religious duties4 ,q4 #fgc4 ,why are we called soldiers of ,jesus ,christ8 ,a4 ,we are called soldiers of ,jesus ,christ to indicate how we must resist the attacks of our spiritual enemies and secure our victory over them by following and obeying ,our ,lord4 ,q4 #fgd4 ,may one add a new name to his own at ,confirmation8 ,a4 ,one may and should add a new name to his own at ,confirmation1 especially when the name of a saint has not been given in ,baptism4 ,q4 #fge4 #afg ,who administers ,confirmation8 ,a4 ,the bishop is the ordinary minister of ,confirmation4 ,q4 #fgf4 ,why do we say the bishop is the ordinary minister of ,confirmation8 ,a4 ,we say the bishop is the ordinary minister of ,confirmation because in some foreign missions1 where bishops have not yet been appointed1 the ,holy ,father permits one of the priests to administer ,confirmation with the ,holy ,oil blessed by the bishop4 ,q4 #fgg4 #afh ,how does the bishop give ,confirmation8 ,a4 ,the bishop extends his hands over those who are to be confirmed1 prays that they may receive the ,holy ,ghost1 and anoints the forehead of each with holy chrism in the form of a cross4 ,q4 #fgh4 ,in ,confirmation1 what does the extending of the bishop's hands over us signify8 ,a4 ,in ,confirmation1 the extending of the bishop's hands over us signifies the descent of the ,holy ,ghost upon us and the special protection of ,god through the grace of ,confirmation4 ,q4 #fgi4 #afi ,what is holy chrism8 ,a4 ,holy chrism is a mixture of olive-oil and balm1 consecrated by the bishop4 ,q4 #fhj4 ,what do the oil and balm in ,holy ,chrism signify8 ,a4 ,in ,holy ,chrism1 the oil signifies strength1 and the balm signifies the freedom from corruption and the sweetness which virtue must give to our lives4 ,q4 #fha4 ,how many holy oils are used in the ,church8 ,a4 ,three holy oils are used in the ,church1 namely1 the oil of the sick1 the oil of catechumens1 and holy chrism4 ,q4 #fhb4 ,what constitutes the difference between these oils8 ,a4 ,the form of prayer or blessing alone constitutes the difference between these oils2 for they are all olive oil1 but in the ,holy ,chrism1 balm is mixed with the oil4 ,q4 #fhc4 ,when and by whom are the holy oils blessed8 ,a4 ,the holy oils are blessed at the ,mass on ,holy ,thursday by the bishop1 who alone has the right to bless them4 ,after the blessing they are distributed to the priests of the diocese1 who must then burn what remains of the old oils and use the newly blessed oils for the coming year4 ,q4 #fhd4 ,for what are the holy oils used8 ,a4 ,the holy oils are used as follows3 ,the oil of the sick is used for ,extreme ,unction and for some blessings2 the oil of catechumens is used for ,baptism and ,holy ,orders4 ,holy ,chrism is used at ,baptism and for the blessing of some sacred things1 such as altars1 chalices1 church-bells1 c41 which are usually blessed by a bishop4 ,t4,n43 ,the above answer omits that ,holy ,chrism is used also at ,confirmation4 ,see ,q4 #fgg4 ,q4 #fhe4 #agj ,what does the bishop say in anointing the person he confirms8 ,a4 ,in anointing the person he confirms the bishop says3 ,i sign thee with the sign of the cross1 and ,i confirm thee with the chrism of salvation1 in the name of the ,father1 and of the ,son1 and of the ,holy ,ghost4 ,q4 #fhf4 #aga ,what is meant by anointing the forehead with chrism in the form of a cross8 ,a4 ,by anointing the forehead with chrism in the form of a cross is meant that the ,christian who is confirmed must openly profess and practice his faith1 never be ashamed of it2 and rather die than deny it4 ,q4 #fhg4 ,when must we openly profess and practice our religion8 ,a4 ,we must openly profess and practice our religion as often as we cannot do otherwise without violating some law of ,god or of ,his ,church4 ,q4 #fhh4 ,why have we good reason never to be ashamed of the ,catholic faith8 ,a4 ,we have good reason never to be ashamed of the ,catholic ,faith because it is the ,old ,faith established by ,christ and taught by ,his ,apostles2 it is the ,faith for which countless ,holy ,martyrs suffered and died2 it is the ,faith that has brought true civilization1 with all its benefits1 into the world1 and it is the only ,faith that can truly reform and preserve public and private morals4 ,q4 #fhi4 #agb ,why does the bishop give the person he confirms a slight blow on the cheek8 ,a4 ,the bishop gives the person he confirms a slight blow on the cheek1 to put him in mind that he must be ready to suffer everything1 even death1 for the sake of ,christ4 ,q4 #fij4 ,is it right to test ourselves through our imagination of what we would be willing to suffer for the sake of ,christ8 ,a4 ,it is not right to test ourselves through our imagination of what we would be willing to suffer for the sake of ,christ1 for such tests may lead us into sin4 ,when a real test comes we are assured ,god will give to us1 as ,he did to the ,holy ,martyrs1 sufficient grace to endure it4 ,q4 #fia4 #agc ,to receive ,confirmation worthily is it necessary to be in the state of grace8 ,a4 ,to receive ,confirmation worthily it is necessary to be in the state of grace4 ,q4 #fib4 #agd ,what special preparation should be made to receive ,confirmation8 ,a4 ,persons of an age to learn should know the chief mysteries of faith and the duties of a ,christian1 and be instructed in the nature and effects of this ,sacrament4 ,q4 #fic4 ,why should we know the chief mysteries of faith and the duties of a ,christian before receiving ,confirmation8 ,a4 ,we should know the ,chief ,mysteries of ,faith and the duties of a ,christian before receiving ,confirmation because as one cannot be a good soldier without knowing the rules of the army to which he belongs and understanding the commands of his leader1 so one cannot be a good ,christian without knowing the laws of the ,church and understanding the commands of ,christ4 ,q4 #fid4 #age ,is it a sin to neglect ,confirmation8 ,a4 ,it is a sin to neglect ,confirmation1 especially in these evil days when faith and morals are exposed to so many and such violent temptations4 ,q4 #fie4 ,what do we mean by these evil days8 ,a4 ,by these evil days we mean the present age or century in which we are living1 surrounded on all sides by unbelief1 false doctrines1 bad books1 bad example and temptation in every form4 ,q4 #fif4 ,is ,confirmation necessary for salvation8 ,a4 ,confirmation is not so necessary for salvation that we could not be saved without it1 for it is not given to infants even in danger of death2 nevertheless1 there is a divine command obliging all to receive it1 if possible4 ,persons who have not been confirmed in youth should make every effort to be confirmed later in life4 ,q4 #fig4 ,are sponsors necessary in ,confirmation8 ,a4 ,sponsors are necessary in ,confirmation1 and they must be of the same good character as those required at ,baptism1 for they take upon themselves the same duties and responsibilities4 ,they also contract a spiritual relationship1 which1 however1 unlike that in ,baptism1 is not an impediment to marriage4 ,,lesson ,,sixteenth4 ,,on ,,the ,,gifts ,,and ,,fruits ,,of ,,the ,,holy ,,ghost4 ,q4 #fih4 #agf ,which are the effects of ,confirmation8 ,a4 ,the effects of ,confirmation are an increase of sanctifying grace1 the strengthening of our faith1 and the gifts of the ,holy ,ghost4 ,q4 #fii4 #agg ,which are the gifts of the ,holy ,ghost8 ,a4 ,the gifts of the ,holy ,ghost are ,wisdom1 ,understanding1 ,counsel1 ,fortitude1 ,knowledge1 ,piety1 and ,fear of the ,lord4 ,q4 #gjj4 #agh ,why do we receive the gift of ,fear of the ,lord8 ,a4 ,we receive the gift of ,fear of the ,lord to fill us with a dread of sin4 ,q4 #gja4 #agi ,why do we receive the gift of ,piety8 ,a4 ,we receive the gift of ,piety to make us love ,god as a ,father1 and obey ,him because we love ,him4 ,q4 #gjb4 #ahj ,why do we receive the gift of ,knowledge8 ,a4 ,we receive the gift of ,knowledge to enable us to discover the will of ,god in all things4 ,q4 #gjc4 #aha ,why do we receive the gift of ,fortitude8 ,a4 ,we receive the gift of ,fortitude to strengthen us to do the will of ,god in all things4 ,q4 #gjd4 #ahb ,why do we receive the gift of ,counsel8 ,a4 ,we receive the gift of ,counsel to warn us of the deceits of the devil1 and of the dangers to salvation4 ,q4 #gje4 ,how is it clear that the devil could easily deceive us if the ,holy ,ghost did not aid us8 ,a4 ,it is clear that the devil could easily deceive us if the ,holy ,ghost did not aid us1 for just as our sins do not deprive us of our knowledge1 so the devil's sin did not deprive him of the great intelligence and power which he possessed as an angel4 ,moreover1 his experience in the world extends over all ages and places1 while ours is confined to a few years and to a limited number of places4 ,q4 #gjf4 #ahc ,why do we receive the gift of ,understanding8 ,a4 ,we receive the gift of ,understanding to enable us to know more clearly the mysteries of faith4 ,q4 #gjg4 #ahd ,why do we receive the gift of ,wisdom8 ,a4 ,we receive the gift of ,wisdom to give us a relish for the things of ,god1 and to direct our whole life and all our actions to ,his honor and glory4 ,q4 #gjh4 #ahe ,which are the ,beatitudes8 ,a4 ,the ,beatitudes are3 #a4 ,blessed are the poor in spirit1 for theirs is the kingdom of heaven4 #b4 ,blessed are the meek1 for they shall possess the land4 #c4 ,blessed are they that mourn1 for they shall be comforted4 #d4 ,blessed are they that hunger and thirst after justice1 for they shall be filled4 #e4 ,blessed are the merciful1 for they shall obtain mercy4 #f4 ,blessed are the clean of heart1 for they shall see ,god4 #g4 ,blessed are the peacemakers1 for they shall be called the children of ,god4 #h4 ,blessed are they that suffer persecution for justice' sake1 for theirs is the kingdom of heaven4 ,q4 #gji4 ,what are the ,beatitudes and why are they so called8 ,a4 ,the ,beatitudes are a portion of ,our ,lord's ,sermon on the ,mount1 and they are so called because each of them holds out a promised reward to those who practice the virtues they recommend4 ,q4 #gaj4 ,where did ,our ,lord usually preach8 ,a4 ,our ,lord usually preached wherever an opportunity of doing good by ,his ,words presented itself4 ,he preached at times in the synagogues or meeting-houses but more frequently in the open air--by the seashore or on the mountain1 and often by the wayside4 ,q4 #gaa4 ,what is the meaning and use of the ,beatitudes in general8 ,a4 7#a7 ,in general the ,beatitudes embrace whatever pertains to the perfection of ,christian life1 and they invite us to the practice of the highest ,christian virtues2 7#b7 ,in different forms they all promise the same reward1 namely1 sanctifying grace in this life and eternal glory in the next2 7#c7 ,they offer us encouragement and consolation for every trial and affliction4 ,q4 #gab4 ,what does the first ,beatitude mean by the poor in spirit8 ,a4 ,the first ,beatitude means by the poor in spirit all persons1 rich or poor1 who would not offend ,god to possess or retain anything that this world can give2 and who1 when necessity or charity requires it1 give willingly for the glory of ,god4 ,it includes also those who humbly submit to their condition in life when it cannot be improved by lawful means4 ,q4 #gac4 ,who are the mourners who deserve the consolation promised in the third ,beatitude8 ,a4 ,the mourners who deserve the consolation promised in the third ,beatitude are they who1 out of love for ,god1 bewail their own sins and those of the world2 and they who patiently endure all trials that come from ,god or for ,his sake4 ,q4 #gad4 ,what lessons do the other ,beatitudes convey8 ,a4 ,the other ,beatitudes convey these lessons3 ,the meek suppress all feelings of anger and humbly submit to whatever befalls them by the ,will of ,god2 and they never desire to do evil for evil4 ,the justice after which we should seek is every ,christian virtue included under that name1 and we are told that if we earnestly desire and seek it we shall obtain it4 ,the persecuted for justice' sake are they who will not abandon their faith or virtue for any cause4 ,q4 #gae4 ,who may be rightly called merciful8 ,a4 ,the merciful are they who practice the corporal and spiritual works of mercy1 and who aid by word or deed those who need their help for soul or body4 ,q4 #gaf4 ,why are the clean of heart promised so great a reward8 ,a4 ,the clean of heart1 that is1 the truly virtuous1 whose thoughts1 desires1 words and works are pure and modest1 are promised so great a reward because the chaste and sinless have always been the most intimate friends of ,god4 ,q4 #gag4 ,what is the duty of a peacemaker8 ,a4 ,it is the duty of a peacemaker to avoid and prevent quarrels1 reconcile enemies1 and to put an end to all evil reports of others or evil speaking against them4 ,as peacemakers are called the children of ,god1 disturbers of peace should be called the children of the devil4 ,q4 #gah4 ,why does ,our ,lord speak in particular of poverty1 meekness1 sorrow1 desire for virtue1 mercy1 purity1 peace and suffering8 ,a4 ,our ,lord speaks in particular of poverty1 meekness1 sorrow1 desire for virtue1 mercy1 purity1 peace and suffering because these are the chief features in ,his own earthly life2 poverty in ,his birth1 life and death2 meekness in ,his teaching2 sorrow at all times4 ,he eagerly sought to do good1 showed mercy to all1 recommended chastity1 brought peace1 and patiently endured suffering4 ,q4 #gai4 #ahf ,which are the twelve fruits of the ,holy ,ghost8 ,a4 ,the twelve fruits of the ,holy ,ghost are ,charity1 ,joy1 ,peace1 ,patience1 ,benignity1 ,goodness1 ,long-suffering1 ,mildness1 ,faith1 ,modesty1 ,continency1 and ,chastity4 ,q4 #gbj4 ,why are charity1 joy1 peace1 c41 called fruits of the ,holy ,ghost8 ,a4 ,charity1 joy1 peace1 c41 are called fruits of the ,holy ,ghost because they grow in our souls out of the seven gifts of the ,holy ,ghost4 ,,lesson ,,seventeenth4 ,,on ,,the ,,sacrament ,,of ,,penance4 ,q4 #gba4 #ahg ,what is the ,sacrament of ,penance8 ,a4 ,penance is a ,sacrament in which the sins committed after ,baptism are forgiven4 ,q4 #gbb4 ,has the word ,penance any other meaning8 ,a4 ,the word ,penance has other meanings4 ,it means also those punishments we inflict upon ourselves as a means of atoning for our past sins2 it means likewise that disposition of the heart in which we detest and bewail our sins because they were offensive to ,god4 ,q4 #gbc4 ,how does the institution of the ,sacrament of ,penance show the goodness of ,our ,lord8 ,a4 ,the institution of the ,sacrament of ,penance shows the goodness of ,our ,lord1 because having once saved us through ,baptism1 ,he might have left us to perish if we again committed sin4 ,q4 #gbd4 ,what are the natural benefits of the ,sacrament of ,penance8 ,a4 ,the natural benefits of the ,sacrament of ,penance are3 ,it gives us in our confessor a true friend1 to whom we can go in all our trials and to whom we can confide our secrets with the hope of obtaining advice and relief4 ,q4 #gbe4 #ahh ,how does the ,sacrament of ,penance remit sin1 and restore to the soul the friendship of ,god8 ,a4 ,the ,sacrament of ,penance remits sin and restores the friendship of ,god to the soul by means of the absolution of the priest4 ,q4 #gbf4 ,what is ,absolution8 ,a4 ,absolution is the form of prayer or words the priest pronounces over us with uplifted hand when he forgives the sins we have confessed4 ,it is given while we are saying the ,act of ,contrition after receiving our ,penance4 ,q4 #gbg4 ,does the priest ever refuse absolution to a penitent8 ,a4 ,the priest must and does refuse absolution to a penitent when he thinks the penitent is not rightly disposed for the ,sacrament4 ,he sometimes postpones the absolution till the next confession1 either for the good of the penitent or for the sake of better preparation--especially when the person has been a long time from confession4 ,q4 #gbh4 ,what should a person do when the priest has refused or postponed absolution8 ,a4 ,when the priest has refused or postponed absolution1 the penitent should humbly submit to his decision1 follow his instructions1 and endeavor to remove whatever prevented the giving of the absolution and return to the same confessor with the necessary dispositions and resolution of amendment4 ,q4 #gbi4 ,can the priest forgive all sins in the ,sacrament of ,penance8 ,a4 ,the priest has the power to forgive all sins in the ,sacrament of ,penance1 but he may not have the authority to forgive all4 ,to forgive sins validly in the ,sacrament of ,penance1 two things are required3 7#a7 ,the power to forgive sins which every priest receives at his ordination1 and 7#b7 the right to use that power which must be given by the bishop1 who authorizes the priest to hear confessions and pass judgment on the sins4 ,q4 #gcj4 ,what are the sins called which the priest has no authority to absolve8 ,a4 ,the sins which the priest has no authority to absolve are called reserved sins4 ,absolution from these sins can be obtained only from the bishop1 and sometimes only from the ,pope1 or by his special permission4 ,persons having a reserved sin to confess cannot be absolved from any of their sins till the priest receives faculties or authority to absolve the reserved sin also4 ,q4 #gca4 ,why is the absolution from some sins reserved to the ,pope or bishop8 ,a4 ,the absolution from some sins is reserved to the ,pope or bishop to deter or prevent1 by this special restriction1 persons from committing them1 either on account of the greatness of the sin itself or on account of its evil consequences4 ,q4 #gcb4 ,can any priest absolve a person in danger of death from reserved sins without the permission of the bishop8 ,a4 ,any priest can absolve a person in danger of death from reserved sins without the permission of the bishop1 because at the hour of death the ,church removes these restrictions in order to save1 if possible1 the soul of the dying4 ,q4 #gcc4 #ahi ,how do you know that the priest has the power of absolving from the sins committed after ,baptism8 ,a4 ,i know that the priest has the power of absolving from the sins committed after ,baptism1 because ,jesus ,christ granted that power to the priests of ,his ,church when ,he said3 ,receive ye the ,holy ,ghost4 ,whose sins you shall forgive1 they are forgiven them2 whose sins you shall retain1 they are retained4 ,q4 #gcd4 ,how do we know that ,our ,lord1 while on earth1 had the power to forgive sins8 ,a4 ,we know that ,our ,lord1 while on earth1 had the power to forgive sins3 7#a7 because ,he was always ,god1 and2 7#b7 because ,he frequently did forgive sins and proved their forgiveness by miracles4 ,since ,he had the power ,himself1 ,he could give it to ,his ,apostles4 ,q4 #gce4 ,was the power to forgive sins given to the apostles alone8 ,a4 ,the power to forgive sins was not given to the apostles alone1 because it was not given for the benefit merely of those who lived at the time of the apostles1 but for all who1 having grievously sinned1 after ,baptism1 should need forgiveness4 ,since1 therefore1 ,baptism will be given till the end of time1 and since the danger of sinning after it always remains the power to absolve from such sins must also remain in the ,church till the end of time4 ,q4 #gcf4 ,when was the ,sacrament of ,penance instituted8 ,a4 ,the ,sacrament of ,penance was instituted after the resurrection of ,our ,lord1 when ,he gave to ,his apostles the power to forgive sins1 which ,he had promised to them before ,his death4 ,q4 #gcg4 ,are the enemies of our religion right when they say man cannot forgive sins8 ,a4 ,the enemies of our religion are right when they say man cannot forgive sins if they mean that he cannot forgive them by his own power1 but they are certainly wrong if they mean that he cannot forgive them even by the power of ,god1 for man can do anything if ,god gives him the power4 ,the priest does not forgive sins by his own power as man1 but by the authority he receives as the minister of ,god4 ,q4 #gch4 #aij ,how do the priests of the ,church exercise the power of forgiving sins8 ,a4 ,the priests of the ,church exercise the power of forgiving sins by hearing the confession of sins1 and granting pardon for them as ministers of ,god and in ,his name4 ,q4 #gci4 ,how does the power to forgive sins imply the obligation of going to confession8 ,a4 ,the power to forgive sins implies the obligation of going to confession because as sins are usually committed secretly1 the priest could never know what sins to forgive and what not to forgive1 unless the sins committed were made known to him by the persons guilty of them4 ,q4 #gdj4 ,could ,god not forgive our sins if we confessed them to ,himself in secret8 ,a4 ,certainly1 ,god could forgive our sins if we confessed them to ,himself in secret1 but ,he has not promised to do so2 whereas ,he has promised to pardon them if we confess them to ,his priests4 ,since ,he is free to pardon or not to pardon1 ,he has the right to establish a ,sacrament through which alone ,he will pardon4 ,q4 #gda4 #aia ,what must we do to receive the ,sacrament of ,penance worthily8 ,a4 ,to receive the ,sacrament of ,penance worthily we must do five things3 #a4 ,we must examine our conscience4 #b4 ,we must have sorrow for our sins4 #c4 ,we must make a firm resolution never more to offend ,god4 #d4 ,we must confess our sins to the priest4 #e4 ,we must accept the penance which the priest gives us4 ,q4 #gdb4 ,what should we pray for in preparing for confession8 ,a4 ,in preparing for confession we should pray to the ,holy ,ghost to give us light to know our sins and to understand their guilt2 for grace to detest them2 for courage to confess them and for strength to keep our resolutions4 ,q4 #gdc4 ,what faults do many commit in preparing for confession8 ,a4 ,in preparing for confession many commit the faults3 7#a7 of giving too much time to the examination of conscience and little or none in exciting themselves to true sorrow for the sins discovered2 7#b7 of trying to recall every trifling circumstance1 instead of thinking of the means by which they will avoid their sins for the future4 ,q4 #gdd4 ,what1 then1 is the most important part of the preparation for confession8 ,a4 ,the most important part of the preparation for confession is sincere sorrow for the sins committed and the firm determination to avoid them for the future4 ,q4 #gde4 ,what is the chief reason that our confessions do not always amend our way of living8 ,a4 ,the chief reason that our confessions do not always amend our way of living is our want of real earnest preparation for them and the fact that we have not truly convinced ourselves of the need of amendment4 ,we often confess our sins more from habit1 necessity or fear than from a real desire of receiving grace and of being restored to the friendship of ,god4 ,q4 #gdf4 ,what faults are to be avoided in making our confession8 ,a4 ,in making our confession we are to avoid3 7#a7 ,telling useless details1 the sins of others1 or the name of any person2 7#b7 ,confessing sins we are not sure of having committed2 exaggerating our sins or their number2 multiplying the number of times a day by the number of days to get the exact number of habitual sins2 7#c7 ,giving a vague answer1 such as sometimes1 when asked how often2 waiting after each sin to be asked for the next2 7#d7 ,hesitating over sins through pretented modesty and thus delaying the priests and others2 telling the exact words in each when we have committed several sins of the same kind1 cursing1 for example2 and1 lastly1 leaving the confessional before the priest gives us a sign to go4 ,q4 #gdg4 ,is it wrong to go to confession out of your turn against the will of others waiting with you8 ,a4 ,it is wrong to go to confession out of our turn against the will of others waiting with us1 because 7#a7 it causes disorder1 quarreling and scandalous conduct in the ,church2 7#b7 it is unjust1 makes others angry and lessens their good dispositions for confession2 7#c7 it annoys and distracts the priest by the confusion and disorder it creates4 ,it is better to wait than go to confession in an excited and disorderly manner4 ,q4 #gdh4 ,what should a penitent do who knows he cannot perform the penance given8 ,a4 ,a penitent who knows he cannot perform the penance given should ask the priest for one that he can perform4 ,when we forget the penance given we must ask for it again1 for we cannot fulfill our duty by giving ourselves a penance4 ,the penance must be performed at the time and in the manner the confessor directs4 ,q4 #gdi4 #aib ,what is the examination of conscience8 ,a4 ,the examination of conscience is an earnest effort to recall to mind all the sins we have committed since our last worthy confession4 ,q4 #gej4 ,when is our confession worthy8 ,a4 ,our confession is worthy when we have done all that is required for a good confession1 and when1 through the absolution1 our sins are really forgiven4 ,q4 #gea4 #aic ,how can we make a good examination of conscience8 ,a4 ,we can make a good examination of conscience by calling to memory the commandments of ,god1 the precepts of the ,church1 the seven capital sins1 and the particular duties of our state in life1 to find out the sins we have committed4 ,q4 #geb4 #aid ,what should we do before beginning the examination of conscience8 ,a4 ,before beginning the examination of conscience we should pray to ,god to give us light to know our sins and grace to detest them4 ,,lesson ,,eighteenth4 ,,on ,,contrition4 ,q4 #gec4 #aie ,what is contrition1 or sorrow for sin8 ,a4 ,contrition1 or sorrow for sin1 is a hatred of sin and a true grief of the soul for having offended ,god1 with a firm purpose of sinning no more4 ,q4 #ged4 ,give an example of how we should hate and avoid sin4 ,a4 ,we should hate and avoid sin as one hates and avoids a poison that almost caused his death4 ,we may not grieve over the death of our soul as we do over the death of a friend1 and yet our sorrow may be true2 because the sorrow for sin comes more from our reason than from our feelings4 ,q4 #gee4 #aif ,what kind of sorrow should we have for our sins8 ,a4 ,the sorrow we should have for our sins should be interior1 supernatural1 universal1 and sovereign4 ,q4 #gef4 #aig ,what do you mean by saying that our sorrow should be interior8 ,a4 ,when ,i say that our sorrow should be interior1 ,i mean that it should come from the heart1 and not merely from the lips4 ,q4 #geg4 #aih ,what do you mean by saying that our sorrow should be supernatural8 ,a4 ,when ,i say that our sorrow should be supernatural1 ,i mean that it should be prompted by the grace of ,god1 and excited by motives which spring from faith1 and not by merely natural motives4 ,q4 #geh4 ,what do we mean by motives that spring from faith and by merely natural motives with regard to sorrow for sin8 ,a4 ,by sorrow for sin from motives that spring from faith1 we mean sorrow for reasons that ,god has made known to us1 such as the loss of heaven1 the fear of hell or purgatory1 or the dread of afflictions that come from ,god in punishment for sin4 ,by merely natural motives we mean sorrow for reasons made known to us by our own experience or by the experience of others1 such as loss of character1 goods or health4 ,a motive is whatever moves our will to do or avoid anything4 ,q4 #gei4 #aii ,what do you mean by saying that our sorrow should be universal8 ,a4 ,when ,i say that our sorrow should be universal1 ,i mean that we should be sorry for all our mortal sins without exception4 ,q4 #gfj4 ,why cannot some of our mortal sins be forgiven while the rest remain on our souls8 ,a4 ,it is impossible for any of our mortal sins to be forgiven unless they are all forgiven1 because as light and darkness cannot be together in the same place1 so sanctifying grace and mortal sin cannot dwell together4 ,if there be grace in the soul1 there can be no mortal sin1 and if there be mortal sin1 there can be no grace1 for one mortal sin expels all grace4 ,q4 #gfa4 #bjj ,what do you mean when you say that our sorrow should be sovereign8 ,a4 ,when ,i say that our sorrow should be sovereign1 ,i mean that we should grieve more for having offended ,god than for any other evil that can befall us4 ,q4 #gfb4 #bja ,why should we be sorry for our sins8 ,a4 ,we should be sorry for our sins because sin is the greatest of evils and an offense against ,god our ,creator1 ,preserver1 and ,redeemer1 and because it shuts us out of heaven and condemns us to the eternal pains of hell4 ,q4 #gfc4 ,how do we show that sin is the greatest of all evils8 ,a4 ,we show that sin is the greatest of evils because its effects last the longest and have the most terrible consequences4 ,all the misfortunes of this world can last only for a time1 and we escape them at death1 whereas the evils caused by sin keep with us for all eternity and are only increased at death4 ,q4 #gfd4 #bjb ,how many kinds of contrition are there8 ,a4 ,there are two kinds of contrition2 perfect contrition and imperfect contrition4 ,q4 #gfe4 #bjc ,what is perfect contrition8 ,a4 ,perfect contrition is that which fills us with sorrow and hatred for sin1 because it offends ,god1 who is infinitely good in ,himself and worthy of all love4 ,q4 #gff4 ,when will perfect contrition obtain pardon for mortal sin without the ,sacrament of ,penance8 ,a4 ,perfect contrition will obtain pardon for mortal sin without the ,sacrament of ,penance when we cannot go to confession1 but with the perfect contrition we must have the intention of going to confession as soon as possible1 if we again have the opportunity4 ,q4 #gfg4 #bjd ,what is imperfect contrition8 ,a4 ,imperfect contrition is that by which we hate what offends ,god because by it we lose heaven and deserve hell2 or because sin is so hateful in itself4 ,q4 #gfh4 ,what other name is given to imperfect contrition and why is it called imperfect8 ,a4 ,imperfect contrition is called attrition4 ,it is called imperfect only because it is less perfect than the highest grade of contrition by which we are sorry for sin out of pure love of ,god's own goodness and without any consideration of what befalls ourselves4 ,q4 #gfi4 #bje ,is imperfect contrition sufficient for a worthy confession8 ,a4 ,imperfect contrition is sufficient for a worthy confession1 but we should endeavor to have perfect contrition4 ,q4 #ggj4 #bjf ,what do you mean by a firm purpose of sinning no more8 ,a4 ,by a firm purpose of sinning no more ,i mean a fixed resolve not only to avoid all mortal sin1 but also its near occasions4 ,q4 #gga4 #bjg ,what do you mean by the near occasions of sin8 ,a4 ,by the near occasions of sin ,i mean all the persons1 places and things that may easily lead us into sin4 ,q4 #ggb4 ,why are we bound to avoid occasions of sin8 ,a4 ,we are bound to avoid occasions of sin because ,our ,lord has said3 ,he who loves the danger will perish in it2 and as we are bound to avoid the loss of our souls1 so we are bound to avoid the danger of their loss4 ,the occasion is the cause of sin1 and you cannot take away the evil without removing its cause4 ,q4 #ggc4 ,is a person who is determined to avoid the sin1 but who is unwilling to give up its near occasion when it is possible to do so1 rightly disposed for confession8 ,a4 ,a person who is determined to avoid the sin1 but who is unwilling to give up its near occasion when it is possible to do so1 is not rightly disposed for confession1 and he will not be absolved if he makes known to the priest the true state of his conscience4 ,q4 #ggd4 ,how many kinds of occasions of sin are there8 ,a4 ,there are four kinds of occasions of sin3 7#a7 ,near occasions1 through which we always fall2 7#b7 remote occasions1 through which we sometimes fall2 7#c7 voluntary occasions or those we can avoid2 and 7#d7 involuntary occasions or those we cannot avoid4 ,a person who lives in a near and voluntary occasion of sin need not expect forgiveness while he continues in that state4 ,q4 #gge4 ,what persons1 places and things are usually occasions of sin8 ,a4 7#a7 ,the persons who are occasions of sin are all those in whose company we sin1 whether they be bad of themselves or bad only while in our company1 in which case we also become occasions of sin for them2 7#b7 the places are usually liquor saloons1 low theaters1 indecent dances1 entertainments1 amusements1 exhibitions1 and all immoral resorts of any kind1 whether we sin in them or not2 7#c7 the things are all bad books1 indecent pictures1 songs1 jokes and the like1 even when they are tolerated by public opinion and found in public places4 ,,lesson ,,nineteenth4 ,,on ,,confession4 ,q4 #ggf4 #bjh ,what is ,confession8 ,a4 ,confession is the telling of our sins to a duly authorized priest1 for the purpose of obtaining forgiveness4 ,q4 #ggg4 ,who is a duly authorized priest8 ,a4 ,a duly authorized priest is one sent to hear confessions by the lawful bishop of the diocese in which we are at the time of our confession4 ,q4 #ggh4 ,is it ever allowed to write our sins and read them to the priest in the confessional or give them to him to read8 ,a4 ,it is allowed1 when necessary1 to write our sins and read them to the priest1 as persons do who have almost entirely lost their memory4 ,it is also allowed to give the paper to the priest1 as persons do who have lost the use of their speech4 ,in such cases the paper must1 after the confession1 be carefully destroyed either by the priest or the penitent4 ,q4 #ggi4 ,what is to be done when persons must make their confession and cannot find a priest who understands their language8 ,a4 ,persons who must make their confession and who cannot find a priest who understands their language1 must confess as best they can by some signs1 showing what sins they wish to confess and how they are sorry for them4 ,q4 #ghj4 #bji ,what sins are we bound to confess8 ,a4 ,we are bound to confess all our mortal sins1 but it is well also to confess our venial sins4 ,q4 #gha4 ,why is it well to confess also the venial sins we remember8 ,a4 ,it is well to confess also the venial sins we remember 7#a7 because it shows our hatred of all sin1 and 7#b7 because it is sometimes difficult to determine just when a sin is venial and when mortal4 ,q4 #ghb4 ,what should one do who has only venial sins to confess8 ,a4 ,one who has only venial sins to confess should tell also some sin already confessed in his past life for which he knows he is truly sorry2 because it is not easy to be truly sorry for slight sins and imperfections1 and yet we must be sorry for the sins confessed that our confession may be valid--hence we add some past sin for which we are truly sorry to those for which we may not be sufficiently sorry4 ,q4 #ghc4 ,should a person stay from confession because he thinks he has no sin to confess8 ,a4 ,a person should not stay from confession because he thinks he has no sin to confess1 for the ,sacrament of ,penance1 besides forgiving sin1 gives an increase of sanctifying grace1 and of this we have always need1 especially to resist temptation4 ,the ,saints1 who were almost without imperfection1 went to confession frequently4 ,q4 #ghd4 ,should a person go to ,communion after confession even when the confessor does not bid him go8 ,a4 ,a person should go to ,communion after confession even when the confessor does not bid him go1 because the confessor so intends unless he positively forbids his penitent to receive ,communion4 ,however1 one who has not yet received his first ,communion should not go to ,communion after confession1 even if the confessor by mistake should bid him go4 ,q4 #ghe4 #baj ,which are the chief qualities of a good ,confession8 ,a4 ,the chief qualities of a good ,confession are three3 it must be humble1 sincere1 and entire4 ,q4 #ghf4 #baa ,when is our ,confession humble8 ,a4 ,our ,confession is humble when we accuse ourselves of our sins1 with a deep sense of shame and sorrow for having offended ,god4 ,q4 #ghg4 #bab ,when is our ,confession sincere8 ,a4 ,our ,confession is sincere when we tell our sins honestly and truthfully1 neither exaggerating nor excusing them4 ,q4 #ghh4 ,why is it wrong to accuse ourselves of sins we have not committed8 ,a4 ,it is wrong to accuse ourselves of sins we have not committed1 because1 by our so doing1 the priest cannot know the true state of our souls1 as he must do before giving us absolution4 ,q4 #ghi4 #bac ,when is our ,confession entire8 ,a4 ,our ,confession is entire when we tell the number and kinds of our sins and the circumstances which change their nature4 ,q4 #gij4 ,what do you mean by the kinds of sin8 ,a4 ,by the kinds of sin1 we mean the particular division or class to which the sins belong2 that is1 whether they be sins of blasphemy1 disobedience1 anger1 impurity1 dishonesty1 c4 ,we can determine the kind of sin by discovering the commandment or precept of the ,church we have broken or the virtue against which we have acted4 ,q4 #gia4 ,what do we mean by circumstances which change the nature of sins8 ,a4 ,by circumstances which change the nature of sins we mean anything that makes it another kind of sin4 ,thus to steal is a sin1 but to steal from the ,church makes our theft sacrilegious4 ,again1 impure actions are sins1 but a person must say whether they were committed alone or with others1 with relatives or strangers1 with persons married or single1 c41 because these circumstances change them from one kind of impurity to another4 ,q4 #gib4 #bad ,what should we do if we cannot remember the number of our sins8 ,a4 ,if we cannot remember the number of our sins1 we should tell the number as nearly as possible1 and say how often we may have sinned in a day1 a week1 or a month1 and how long the habit or practice has lasted4 ,q4 #gic4 #bae ,is our ,confession worthy if1 without our fault1 we forget to confess a mortal sin8 ,a4 ,if without our fault we forget to confess a mortal sin1 our ,confession is worthy1 and the sin is forgiven2 but it must be told in ,confession if it again comes to our mind4 ,q4 #gid4 ,may a person who has forgotten to tell a mortal sin in confession go to ,holy ,communion before going again to confession8 ,a4 ,a person who has forgotten to tell a mortal sin in confession may go to communion before again going to confession1 because the forgotten sin was forgiven with those confessed1 and the confession was good and worthy4 ,q4 #gie4 #baf ,is it a grievous offense wilfully to conceal a mortal sin in ,confession8 ,a4 ,it is a grievous offense wilfully to conceal a mortal sin in ,confession1 because we thereby tell a lie to the ,holy ,ghost1 and make our ,confession worthless4 ,q4 #gif4 ,how is concealing a sin telling a lie to the ,holy ,ghost8 ,a4 ,concealing a sin is telling a lie to the ,holy ,ghost1 because he who conceals the sin declares in confession to ,god and the priest that he committed no sins but what he has confessed1 while the ,holy ,ghost1 the ,spirit of ,truth1 saw him committing the sin he now conceals and still sees it in his soul while he denies it4 ,q4 #gig4 ,why is it foolish to conceal sins in confession8 ,a4 ,it is foolish to conceal sins in confession3 7#a7 ,because we thereby make our spiritual condition worse2 7#b7 ,we must tell the sin sometime if we ever hope to be saved2 7#c7 ,it will be made known on the day of judgment1 before the world1 whether we conceal it now or confess it4 ,q4 #gih4 #bag ,what must he do who has wilfully concealed a mortal sin in ,confession8 ,a4 ,he who has wilfully concealed a mortal sin in ,confession must not only confess it1 but must also repeat all the sins he has committed since his last worthy ,confession4 ,q4 #gii4 ,must one who has wilfully concealed a mortal sin in confession do more than repeat the sins committed since his last worthy confession8 ,a4 ,one who has wilfully concealed a mortal sin in confession must1 besides repeating all the sins he has committed since his last worthy confession1 tell also how often he has unworthily received absolution and ,holy ,communion during the same time4 ,q4 #hjj4 #bah ,why does the priest give us a penance after ,confession8 ,a4 ,the priest gives us a penance after ,confession1 that we may satisfy ,god for the temporal punishment due to our sins4 ,q4 #hja4 ,why should we have to satisfy for our sins if ,christ has fully satisfied for them8 ,a4 ,christ has fully satisfied for our sins and after our baptism we were free from all guilt and had no satisfaction to make4 ,but when we wilfully sinned after baptism1 it is but just that we should be obliged to make some satisfaction4 ,q4 #hjb4 ,is the slight penance the priest gives us sufficient to satisfy for all the sins confessed8 ,a4 ,the slight penance the priest gives us is not sufficient to satisfy for all the sins confessed3 7#a7 ,because there is no real equality between the slight penance given and the punishment deserved for sin2 7#b7 ,because we are all obliged to do penance for sins committed1 and this would not be necessary if the penance given in confession satisfied for all4 ,the penance is given and accepted in confession chiefly to show our willingness to do penance and make amends for our sins4 ,q4 #hjc4 #bai ,does not the ,sacrament of ,penance remit all punishment due to sin8 ,a4 ,the ,sacrament of ,penance remits the eternal punishment due to sin1 but it does not always remit the temporal punishment which ,god requires as satisfaction for our sins4 ,q4 #hjd4 #bbj ,why does ,god require a temporal punishment as a satisfaction for sin8 ,a4 ,god requires a temporal punishment as a satisfaction for sin to teach us the great evil of sin and to prevent us from falling again4 ,q4 #hje4 #bba ,which are the chief means by which we satisfy ,god for the temporal punishment due to sin8 ,a4 ,the chief means by which we satisfy ,god for the temporal punishment due to sin are3 ,prayer1 ,fasting1 ,almsgiving2 all spiritual and corporal works of mercy1 and the patient suffering of the ills of life4 ,q4 #hjf4 ,what fasting has the greatest merit8 ,a4 ,the fasting imposed by the ,church on certain days of the year1 and particularly during ,lent1 has the greatest merit4 ,q4 #hjg4 ,what is ,lent8 ,a4 ,lent is the forty days before ,easter ,sunday1 during which we do penance1 fast and pray to prepare ourselves for the resurrection of ,our ,lord2 and also to remind us of ,his own fast of forty days before ,his ,passion4 ,q4 #hjh4 ,what do we mean by almsgiving8 ,a4 ,by almsgiving we mean money1 goods1 or assistance given to the poor or to charitable purposes4 ,the law of ,god requires all persons to give alms in proportion to their means4 ,q4 #hji4 ,what ills of life help to satisfy ,god for sin8 ,a4 ,the ills of life that help to satisfy ,god for sin are sickness1 poverty1 misfortune1 trial1 affliction1 c41 especially1 when we have not brought them upon ourselves by sin4 ,q4 #haj4 ,how did the ,christians in the first ages of the ,church do ,penance8 ,a4 ,the ,christians in the first ages of the ,church did public penance1 especially for the sins of which they were publicly known to be guilty4 ,penitents were excluded for a certain time from ,mass or the ,sacrament1 and some were obliged to stand at the door of the ,church begging the prayers of those who entered4 ,q4 #haa4 ,what were these severe ,penances of the ,first ,ages of the ,church called8 ,a4 ,these severe penances of the first ages of the ,church were called canonical penances1 because their kind and duration were regulated by the ,canons or laws of the ,church4 ,q4 #hab4 ,how can we know spiritual from corporal works of mercy8 ,a4 ,we can know spiritual from corporal works of mercy1 for whatever we do for the soul is a spiritual work1 and whatever we do for the body is a corporal work4 ,q4 #hac4 #bbb ,which are the chief spiritual works of mercy8 ,a4 ,the chief spiritual works of mercy are seven3 ,to admonish the sinner1 to instruct the ignorant1 to counsel the doubtful1 to comfort the sorrowful1 to bear wrongs patiently1 to forgive all injuries1 and to pray for the living and the dead4 ,q4 #had4 ,when are we bound to admonish the sinner8 ,a4 ,we are bound to admonish the sinner when the following conditions are fulfilled3 7#a7 ,when his fault is a mortal sin2 7#b7 ,when we have authority or influence over him1 and 7#c7 ,when there is reason to believe that our warning will not make him worse instead of better4 ,q4 #hae4 ,who are meant by the ignorant we are to instruct1 and the doubtful we are to counsel8 ,a4 ,by the ignorant we are to instruct and the doubtful we are to counsel1 are meant those particularly who are ignorant of the truths of religion and those who are in doubt about matters of faith4 ,we must aid such persons as far as we can to know and believe the truths necessary for salvation4 ,q4 #haf4 ,why are we advised to bear wrong patiently and to forgive all injuries8 ,a4 ,we are advised to bear wrongs patiently and to forgive all injuries1 because1 being ,christians1 we should imitate the example of ,our ,divine ,lord1 who endured wrongs patiently and who not only pardoned but prayed for those who injured ,him4 ,q4 #hag4 ,if1 then1 it be a ,christian virtue to forgive all injuries1 why do ,christians establish courts and prisons to punish wrongdoers8 ,a4 ,christians establish courts and prisons to punish wrongdoers1 because the preservation of lawful authority1 good order in society1 the protection of others1 and sometimes even the good of the guilty one himself1 require that crimes be justly punished4 ,as ,god ,himself punishes crime and as lawful authority comes from ,him1 such authority has the right to punish1 though individuals should forgive the injuries done to themselves personally4 ,q4 #hah4 ,why is it a work of mercy to pray for the living and the dead8 ,a4 ,it is a work of mercy to aid those who are unable to aid themselves4 ,the living are exposed to temptations1 and while in mortal sin they are deprived of the merit of their good works and need our prayers4 ,the dead can in no way help themselves and depend on us for assistance4 ,q4 #hai4 #bbc ,which are the chief corporal works of mercy8 ,a4 ,the chief corporal works of mercy are seven3 ,to feed the hungry1 to give drink to the thirsty1 to clothe the naked1 to ransom the captive1 to harbor the harborless1 to visit the sick1 and to bury the dead4 ,q4 #hbj4 ,how may we briefly state the corporal works of mercy8 ,a4 ,we may briefly state the corporal works of mercy by saying that we are obliged to help the poor in all their forms of want4 ,q4 #hba4 ,how are ,christians aided in the performance of works of mercy8 ,a4 ,christians are aided in the performance of works of mercy through the establishment of charitable institutions where religious communities of holy men or women perform these duties for us1 provided we supply the necessary means by our almsgiving and good works4 ,q4 #hbb4 ,who are religious8 ,a4 ,religious are self-sacrificing men and women who1 wishing to follow more closely the teachings of ,our ,lord1 dedicate their lives to the service of ,god and religion4 ,they live together in societies approved by the ,church1 under a rule and guidance of a superior4 ,they keep the vows of chastity1 poverty and obedience1 and divide their time between prayer and good works4 ,the houses in which they dwell are called convents or monasteries1 and the societies in which they live are called religious orders1 communities or congregations4 ,q4 #hbc4 ,are there any religious communities of priests8 ,a4 ,there are many religious communities of priests1 who1 besides living according to the general laws of the ,church1 as all priests do1 follow certain rules laid down for their community4 ,such priests are called the regular clergy1 because living by rules to distinguish them from the secular clergy who live in their parishes under no special rule4 ,the chief work of the regular clergy is to teach in colleges and give missions and retreats4 ,q4 #hbd4 ,why are there so many different religious communities8 ,a4 ,there are many different religious communities 7#a7 because all religious are not fitted for the same work1 and 7#b7 because they desire to imitate ,our ,lord's life on earth as perfectly as possible2 and when each community takes one of ,christ's works and seeks to become perfect in it1 the union of all their works continues as perfectly as we can the works ,he began upon earth4 ,,lesson ,,twentieth4 ,,on ,,the ,,manner ,,of ,,making ,a ,,good ,,confession4 ,q4 #hbe4 #bbd ,what should we do on entering the confessional8 ,a4 ,on entering the confessional we should kneel1 make the sign of the ,cross1 and say to the priest1 ,bless me1 father2 then add1 ,i confess to ,almighty ,god and to you1 father1 that ,i have sinned4 ,q4 #hbf4 #bbe ,which are the first things we should tell the priest in ,confession8 ,a4 ,the first things we should tell the priest in ,confession are the time of our last ,confession1 and whether we said the penance and went to ,holy ,communion4 ,q4 #hbg4 ,should we tell anything else in connection with our last confession8 ,a4 ,in connection with our last confession we should tell also what restrictions--if any--were placed upon us with regard to our occasions of sin1 and what obligations with regard to the payment of debts1 restitution1 injuries done to others and the like1 we were commanded to fulfill4 ,q4 #hbh4 #bbf ,after telling the time of our last ,confession and ,communion what should we do8 ,a4 ,after telling the time of our last ,confession and ,communion we should confess all the mortal sins we have since committed1 and all the venial sins we may wish to mention4 ,q4 #hbi4 ,what is a general confession8 ,a4 ,a general confession is the telling of the sins of our whole life or a great part of it4 ,it is made in the same manner as an ordinary confession1 except that it requires more time and longer preparation4 ,q4 #hcj4 ,when should a ,general ,confession be made8 ,a4 ,a general confession 7#a7 is necessary when we are certain that our past confessions were bad2 7#b7 it is useful on special occasions in our lives when some change in our way of living is about to take place2 7#c7 it is hurtful and must not be made when persons are scrupulous4 ,q4 #hca4 ,what are the signs of scruples and the remedy against them8 ,a4 ,the signs of scruples are chiefly3 7#a7 ,to be always dissatisfied with our confessions2 7#b7 ,to be self-willed in deciding what is sinful and what is not4 ,the chief remedy against them is to follow exactly the advice of the confessor without questioning the reason or utility of his advice4 ,q4 #hcb4 #bbg ,what must we do when the confessor asks us questions8 ,a4 ,when the confessor asks us questions we must answer them truthfully and clearly4 ,q4 #hcc4 #bbh ,what should we do after telling our sins8 ,a4 ,after telling our sins we should listen with attention to the advice which the confessor may think proper to give4 ,q4 #hcd4 ,what duties does the priest perform in the confessional8 ,a4 ,in the confessional the priest performs the duties 7#a7 of a judge1 by listening to our self-accusations and passing sentence upon our guilt or innocence2 7#b7 ,of a father1 by the good advice and encouragement he gives us2 7#c7 ,of a teacher1 by his instructions1 and 7#d7 ,of a physician1 by discovering the afflictions of our soul and giving us the remedies to restore it to spiritual health4 ,q4 #hce4 ,why is it beneficial to go always if possible to the same confessor8 ,a4 ,it is beneficial to go always1 if possible1 to the same confessor1 because our continued confessions enable him to see more clearly the true state of our soul and to understand better our occasions of sin4 ,q4 #hcf4 ,should we remain away from confession because we cannot go to our usual confessor8 ,a4 ,we should not remain away from confession because we cannot go to our usual confessor1 for though it is well to confess to the same priest1 it is not necessary to do so4 ,one should never become so attached to a confessor that his absence or the great inconvenience of going to him would become an excuse for neglecting the ,sacraments4 ,q4 #hcg4 #bbi ,how should we end our ,confession8 ,a4 ,we should end our ,confession by saying1 ,i also accuse myself of all the sins of my past life1 telling1 if we choose1 one or several of our past sins4 ,q4 #hch4 #bcj ,what should we do while the priest is giving us absolution8 ,a4 ,while the priest is giving us absolution we should from our heart renew the ,act of ,contrition4 ,,lesson ,,twenty-,,first4 ,,on ,,indulgences4 ,q4 #hci4 #bca ,what is an ,indulgence8 ,a4 ,an ,indulgence is the remission in whole or in part of the temporal punishment due to sin4 ,q4 #hdj4 ,what does the word indulgence mean8 ,a4 ,the word indulgence means a favor or concession4 ,an indulgence obtains by a very slight penance the remission of penalties that would otherwise be severe4 ,q4 #hda4 #bcb ,is an ,indulgence a pardon of sin1 or a license to commit sin8 ,a4 ,an ,indulgence is not a pardon of sin1 nor a license to commit sin1 and one who is in a state of mortal sin cannot gain an ,indulgence4 ,q4 #hdb4 ,how do good works done in mortal sin profit us8 ,a4 ,good works done in mortal sin profit us by obtaining for us the grace to repent and sometimes temporal blessings4 ,mortal sin deprives us of all our merit1 nevertheless ,god will bestow gifts for every good deed as ,he will punish every evil deed4 ,q4 #hdc4 #bcc ,how many kinds of ,indulgences are there8 ,a4 ,there are two kinds of ,indulgences--,plenary and ,partial4 ,q4 #hdd4 #bcd ,what is ,plenary ,indulgence8 ,a4 ,a ,plenary ,indulgence is the full remission of the temporal punishment due to sin4 ,q4 #hde4 ,is it easy to gain a ,plenary ,indulgence8 ,a4 ,it is not easy to gain a ,plenary ,indulgence1 as we may understand from its great privilege4 ,to gain a ,plenary ,indulgence1 we must hate sin1 be heartily sorry for even our venial sins1 and have no desire for even the slightest sin4 ,though we may not gain entirely each ,plenary ,indulgence we seek1 we always gain a part of each2 that is1 a partial indulgence1 greater or less in proportion to our good dispositions4 ,q4 #hdf4 ,which are the most important ,plenary ,indulgences granted by the ,church8 ,a4 ,the most important ,plenary ,indulgences granted by the ,church are 7#a7 ,the ,indulgences of a jubilee which the ,pope grants every twenty-five years or on great occasions by which he gives special faculties to confessors for the absolution of reserved sins2 7#b7 ,the ,indulgence granted to the dying in their last agony4 ,q4 #hdg4 #bce ,what is a ,partial ,indulgence8 ,a4 ,a ,partial ,indulgence is the remission of part of the temporal punishment due to sin4 ,q4 #hdh4 ,how long has the practice of granting ,indulgences been in use in the ,church1 and what was its origin8 ,a4 ,the practice of granting ,indulgences has been in use in the ,church since the time of the apostles4 ,it had its origin in the earnest prayers of holy persons1 and especially of the martyrs begging the ,church for their sake to shorten the severe penances of sinners1 or to change them into lighter penances4 ,the request was frequently granted and the penance remitted1 shortened or changed1 and with the penance remitted the temporal punishment corresponding to it was blotted out4 ,q4 #hdi4 ,how do we show that the ,church has the power to grant ,indulgences8 ,a4 ,we show that the ,church has the power to grant ,indulgences1 because ,christ has given it power to remit all guilt without restriction1 and if the ,church has power1 in the ,sacrament of penance1 to remit the eternal punishment--which is the greatest--it must have power to remit the temporal or lesser punishment1 even outside the ,sacrament of ,penance4 ,q4 #hej4 ,how do we know that these ,indulgences have their effect8 ,a4 ,we know that these ,indulgences have their effect1 because the ,church1 through her councils1 declares ,indulgences useful1 and if they have no effect they would be useless1 and the ,church would teach error in spite of ,christ's promise to guide it4 ,q4 #hea4 ,have there ever existed abuses among the faithful in the manner of using ,indulgences8 ,a4 ,there have existed1 in past ages1 some abuses among the faithful in the manner of using ,indulgences1 and the ,church has always labored to correct such abuses as soon as possible4 ,in the use of pious practices we must be always guided by our lawful superiors4 ,q4 #heb4 ,how have the enemies of the ,church made use of the abuse of ,indulgences8 ,a4 ,the enemies of the ,church have made use of the abuse of ,indulgences to deny the doctrine of ,indulgences1 and to break down the teaching and limit the power of the ,church4 ,not to be deceived in matters of faith1 we must always distinguish very carefully between the abuses to which a devotion may lead and the truths upon which the devotion rests4 ,q4 #hec4 #bcf ,how does the ,church by means of ,indulgences remit the temporal punishment due to sin8 ,a4 ,the ,church1 by means of ,indulgences1 remits the temporal punishment due to sin by applying to us the merits of ,jesus ,christ1 and the superabundant satisfactions of the ,blessed ,virgin ,mary and of the saints2 which merits and satisfactions are its spiritual treasury4 ,q4 #hed4 ,what do we mean by the superabundant satisfaction of the ,blessed ,virgin and the ,saints8 ,a4 ,by the superabundant satisfaction of the ,blessed ,virgin and the saints1 we mean all the satisfaction over and above what was necessary to satisfy for their own sins4 ,as their good works were many and their sins few--the ,blessed ,virgin being sinless--the satisfaction not needed for themselves is kept by the ,church in a spiritual treasury to be used for our benefit4 ,q4 #hee4 ,does the ,church1 by granting ,indulgences1 free us from doing ,penance8 ,a4 ,the ,church1 by granting ,indulgences1 does not free us from doing penance1 but simply makes our penance lighter that we may more easily satisfy for our sins and escape the punishments they deserve4 ,q4 #hef4 ,who has the power to grant ,indulgences8 ,a4 ,the ,pope alone has the power to grant ,indulgences for the whole ,church2 but the bishops have power to grant partial ,indulgences in their own diocese4 ,cardinals and some others1 by the special permission of the ,pope1 have the right to grant certain ,indulgences4 ,q4 #heg4 ,where shall we find the ,indulgences granted by the ,church8 ,a4 ,we shall find the ,indulgences granted by the ,church in the declarations of the ,pope and of the ,sacred ,congregation of ,cardinals4 ,these declarations are usually put into prayer books and books of devotion or instruction4 ,q4 #heh4 #bcg ,what must we do to gain an ,indulgence8 ,a4 ,to gain an ,indulgence we must be in the state of grace and perform the works enjoined4 ,q4 #hei4 ,besides being in a state of grace and performing the works enjoined1 what else is necessary for the gaining of an ,indulgence8 ,a4 ,besides being in a state of grace and performing the works enjoined1 it is necessary for the gaining of an ,indulgence to have at least the general intention of gaining it4 ,q4 #hfj4 ,how and why should we make a general intention to gain all possible ,indulgences each day8 ,a4 ,we should make a general intention at our morning prayers to gain all possible ,indulgences each day1 because several of the prayers we say and good works we perform may have ,indulgences attached to them1 though we are not aware of it4 ,q4 #hfa4 ,what works are generally enjoined for the gaining of ,indulgences8 ,a4 ,the works generally enjoined for the gaining of ,indulgences are3 ,the saying of certain prayers1 fasting1 and the use of certain articles of devotion2 visits to ,churches or altars1 and the giving of alms4 ,for the gaining of ,plenary ,indulgences it is generally required to go to confession and ,holy ,communion and pray for the intention of the ,pope4 ,q4 #hfb4 ,what does praying for a person's intention mean8 ,a4 ,praying for a person's intention means praying for whatever he prays for or desires to obtain through prayer--some spiritual or temporal favors4 ,q4 #hfc4 ,what does an ,indulgence of forty days mean8 ,a4 ,an ,indulgence of forty days means that for the prayer or work to which an ,indulgence of forty days is attached1 ,god remits as much of our temporal punishment as ,he remitted for forty days' canonical penance4 ,we do not know just how much temporal punishment ,god remitted for forty days' public penance1 but whatever it was1 ,he remits the same now when we gain an ,indulgence of forty days4 ,the same rule applies to ,indulgences of a year or any length of time4 ,q4 #hfd4 ,why did the ,church moderate its severe penances8 ,a4 ,the ,church moderated its severe penances1 because when ,christians--terrified by persecution--grew weaker in their faith1 there was danger of some abandoning their religion rather than submit to the penances imposed4 ,the ,church1 therefore1 wishing to save as many as possible1 made the sinner's penance as light as possible4 ,q4 #hfe4 ,to what things may ,indulgences be attached8 ,a4 ,plenary or ,partial ,indulgences may be attached to prayers and solid articles of devotion2 to places such as churches1 altars1 shrines1 c41 to be visited2 and by a special privilege they are sometimes attached to the good works of certain persons4 ,q4 #hff4 ,when do things lose the ,indulgences attached to them8 ,a4 ,things lose the ,indulgences attached to them3 7#a7 ,when they are so changed at once as to be no longer what they were2 7#b7 ,when they are sold4 ,rosaries and other indulgenced articles do not lose their indulgences1 when they are loaned or given away1 for the indulgence is not personal but attached to the article itself4 ,q4 #hfg4 ,will a weekly ,confession suffice to gain during the week all ,indulgences to which ,confession is enjoined as one of the works8 ,a4 ,weekly confession will suffice to gain during the week all ,indulgences to which confession is enjoined as one of the works1 provided we continue in a state of grace1 perform the other works enjoined and have the intention of gaining these ,indulgences4 ,q4 #hfh4 ,how and when may we apply ,indulgences for the benefit of the souls in ,purgatory8 ,a4 ,we may apply ,indulgences for the benefit of the souls in ,purgatory by way of intercession2 whenever this application is mentioned and permitted by the ,church in granting the ,indulgence2 that is1 when the ,church declares that the ,indulgence granted is applicable to the souls of the living or the souls in ,purgatory2 so that we may gain it for the benefit of either4 ,,lesson ,,twenty-,,second4 ,,on ,,the ,,holy ,,eucharist4 ,q4 #hfi4 ,what does the word ,eucharist strictly mean8 ,a4 ,the word ,eucharist strictly means pleasing1 and this ,sacrament is so called because it renders us most pleasing to ,god by the grace it imparts1 and it gives us the best means of thanking ,him for all ,his blessings4 ,q4 #hgj4 #bch ,what is the ,holy ,eucharist8 ,a4 ,the ,holy ,eucharist is the ,sacrament which contains the body and blood1 soul and divinity1 of our ,lord ,jesus ,christ under the appearances of bread and wine4 ,q4 #hga4 ,what do we mean when we say the ,sacrament which contains the ,body and ,blood8 ,a4 ,when we say the ,sacrament which contains the ,body and ,blood1 we mean the ,sacrament which is the ,body and ,blood1 for after the ,consecration there is no other substance present in the ,eucharist4 ,q4 #hgb4 ,when is the ,holy ,eucharist a ,sacrament1 and when is it a sacrifice8 ,a4 ,the ,holy ,eucharist is a ,sacrament when we receive it in ,holy ,communion and when it remains in the ,tabernacle of the ,altar4 ,it is a sacrifice when it is offered up at ,mass by the separate ,consecration of the bread and wine1 which signifies the separation of ,our ,lord's blood from ,his body when ,he died on the ,cross4 ,q4 #hgc4 #bci ,when did ,christ institute the ,holy ,eucharist8 ,a4 ,christ instituted the ,holy ,eucharist at the ,last ,supper1 the night before ,he died4 ,q4 #hgd4 #bdj ,who were present when our ,lord instituted the ,holy ,eucharist8 ,a4 ,when ,our ,lord instituted the ,holy ,eucharist1 the twelve ,apostles were present4 ,q4 #hge4 #bda ,how did our ,lord institute the ,holy ,eucharist8 ,a4 ,our ,lord instituted the ,holy ,eucharist by taking bread1 blessing1 breaking1 and giving to ,his ,apostles1 saying3 ,take ye and eat4 ,this is my body2 and then1 by taking the cup of wine1 blessing and giving it1 saying to them3 ,drink ye all of this4 ,this is my blood which shall be shed for the remission of sins4 ,do this for a commemoration of me4 ,q4 #hgf4 #bdb ,what happened when our ,lord said1 ,this is my body2 this is my blood8 ,a4 ,when ,our ,lord said1 ,this is my body1 the substance of the bread was changed into the substance of ,his body2 when ,he said1 ,this is my blood1 the substance of the wine was changed into the substance of ,his blood4 ,q4 #hgg4 ,how do we prove the ,real ,presence1 that is1 that ,our ,lord is really and truly present in the ,holy ,eucharist8 ,a4 ,we prove the ,real ,presence--that is1 that ,our ,lord is really and truly present in the ,holy ,eucharist--7#a7 ,by showing that it is possible to change one substance into another2 7#b7 ,by showing that ,christ did change the substance of bread and wine into the substance of ,his body and blood2 7#c7 ,by showing that ,he gave this power also to ,his ,apostles and to the priests of ,his ,church4 ,q4 #hgh4 ,how do we know that it is possible to change one substance into another8 ,a4 ,we know that it is possible to change one substance into another1 because 7#a7 ,god changed water into blood during the plagues of ,egypt2 7#b7 ,christ changed water into wine at the marriage of ,cana2 7#c7 ,our own food is daily changed into the substance of our flesh and blood2 and what ,god does gradually1 ,he can also do instantly by an act of ,his will4 ,q4 #hgi4 ,are these changes exactly the same as the changes that take place in the ,holy ,eucharist8 ,a4 ,these changes are not exactly the same as the changes that take place in the ,holy ,eucharist1 for in these changes the appearance also is changed1 but in the ,holy ,eucharist only the substance is changed while the appearance remains the same4 ,q4 #hhj4 ,how do we show that ,christ did change bread and wine into the substance of ,his body and blood8 ,a4 ,we show that ,christ did change bread and wine into the substance of ,his body and blood3 7#a7 ,from the words by which ,he promised the ,holy ,eucharist2 7#b7 ,from the words by which ,he instituted the ,holy ,eucharist2 7#c7 ,from the constant use of the ,holy ,eucharist in the ,church since the time of the ,apostles2 7#d7 ,from the impossibility of denying the ,real ,presence in the ,holy ,eucharist1 without likewise denying all that ,christ has taught and done2 for we have stronger proofs for the ,holy ,eucharist than for any other ,christian truth4 ,q4 #hha4 #bdc ,is ,jesus ,christ whole and entire both under the form of bread and under the form of wine8 ,a4 ,jesus ,christ is whole and entire both under the form of bread and under the form of wine4 ,q4 #hhb4 ,how do we know that under the appearance of bread we receive also ,christ's blood2 and under the appearance of wine we receive also ,christ's body8 ,a4 ,we know that under the appearance of bread we receive also ,christ's blood1 and under the appearance of wine we receive also ,christ's body2 because in the ,holy ,eucharist we receive the living body of ,our ,lord1 and a living body cannot exist without blood1 nor can living blood exist without a body4 ,q4 #hhc4 ,is ,jesus ,christ present whole and entire in the smallest portion of the ,holy ,eucharist1 under the form of either bread or wine8 ,a4 ,jesus ,christ is present whole and entire in the smallest portion of the ,holy ,eucharist under the form of either bread or wine2 for ,his body in the ,eucharist is in a glorified state1 and as it partakes of the character of a spiritual substance1 it requires no definite size or shape4 ,q4 #hhd4 #bdd ,did anything remain of the bread and wine after their substance had been changed into the substance of the body and blood of our ,lord8 ,a4 ,after the substance of the bread and wine had been changed into the substance of the body and blood of ,our ,lord1 there remained only the appearances of bread and wine4 ,q4 #hhe4 #bde ,what do you mean by the appearances of bread and wine8 ,a4 ,by the appearances of bread and wine ,i mean the figure1 the color1 the taste1 and whatever appears to the senses4 ,q4 #hhf4 #bdf ,what is this change of the bread and wine into the body and blood of our ,lord called8 ,a4 ,this change of the bread and wine into the body and blood of ,our ,lord is called ,transubstantiation4 ,q4 #hhg4 ,what is the second great miracle in the ,holy ,eucharist8 ,a4 ,the second great miracle in the ,holy ,eucharist is the multiplication of the presence of ,our ,lord's body in so many places at the same time1 while the body itself is not multiplied--for there is but one body of ,christ4 ,q4 #hhh4 ,are there not1 then1 as many bodies of ,christ as there are tabernacles in the world1 or as there are ,masses being said at the same time8 ,a4 ,there are not as many bodies of ,christ as there are tabernacles in the world1 or as there are ,masses being said at the same time2 but only one body of ,christ1 which is everywhere present whole and entire in the ,holy ,eucharist1 as ,god is everywhere present1 while ,he is but one ,god4 ,q4 #hhi4 #bdg ,how was the substance of the bread and wine changed into the substance of the body and blood of ,christ8 ,a4 ,the substance of the bread and wine was changed into the substance of the body and blood of ,christ by ,his almighty power4 ,q4 #hij4 #bdh ,does this change of bread and wine into the body and blood of ,christ continue to be made in the ,church8 ,a4 ,this change of bread and wine into the body and blood of ,christ continues to be made in the ,church by ,jesus ,christ through the ministry of ,his priests4 ,q4 #hia4 #bdi ,when did ,christ give ,his priests the power to change bread and wine into ,his body and blood8 ,a4 ,christ gave ,his priests the power to change bread and wine into ,his body and blood when ,he said to the ,apostles1 ,do this in commemoration of ,me4 ,q4 #hib4 ,what do the words ,do this in commemoration of ,me mean8 ,a4 ,the words ,do this in commemoration of ,me mean3 ,do what ,i1 ,christ1 am doing at ,my last supper1 namely1 changing the substance of bread and wine into the substance of ,my body and blood2 and do it in remembrance of ,me4 ,q4 #hic4 #bej ,how do the priests exercise this power of changing bread and wine into the body and blood of ,christ8 ,a4 ,the priests exercise this power of changing bread and wine into the body and blood of ,christ through the words of consecration in the ,mass1 which are words of ,christ3 ,this is my body2 this is my blood4 ,q4 #hid4 ,at what part of the ,mass does the ,consecration take place8 ,a4 ,the ,consecration in the ,mass takes place immediately before the elevation of the ,host and ,chalice1 which are raised above the head of the priest that the people may adore ,our ,lord who has just come to the altar at the words of ,consecration4 ,,lesson ,,twenty-,,third4 ,,on ,,the ,,ends ,,for ,,which ,,the ,,holy ,,eucharist ,,was ,,instituted4 ,q4 #hie4 #bea ,why did ,christ institute the ,holy ,eucharist8 ,a4 ,christ instituted the ,holy ,eucharist-- #a4 ,to unite us to ,himself and to nourish our soul with ,his divine life4 #b4 ,to increase sanctifying grace and all virtues in our soul4 #c4 ,to lessen our evil inclinations4 #d4 ,to be a pledge of everlasting life4 #e4 ,to fit our bodies for a glorious resurrection4 #f4 ,to continue the sacrifice of the ,cross in ,his ,church4 ,q4 #hif4 ,has the ,holy ,eucharist any other effect8 ,a4 ,the ,holy ,eucharist remits venial sins by disposing us to perform acts of love and contrition4 ,it preserves us from mortal sin by exciting us to greater fervor and strengthening us against temptation4 ,q4 #hig4 #beb ,how are we united to ,jesus ,christ in the ,holy ,eucharist8 ,a4 ,we are united to ,jesus ,christ in the ,holy ,eucharist by means of ,holy ,communion4 ,q4 #hih4 #bec ,what is ,holy ,communion8 ,a4 ,holy ,communion is the receiving of the body and blood of ,christ4 ,q4 #hii4 ,is it not beneath the dignity of ,our ,lord to enter our bodies under the appearance of ordinary food8 ,a4 ,it is not beneath the dignity of ,our ,lord to enter our bodies under the appearance of ordinary food any more than it was beneath ,his dignity to enter the body of ,his ,blessed ,mother and remain there as an ordinary child for nine months4 ,christ's dignity1 being infinite1 can never be diminished by any act on ,his own or on our part4 ,q4 #ijj4 ,why does not the ,church give ,holy ,communion to the people as it does to the priest under the appearance of wine also8 ,a4 ,the ,church does not give ,holy ,communion to the people as it does to the priest under the appearance of wine also1 to avoid the danger of spilling the ,precious ,blood2 to prevent the irreverence some might show if compelled to drink out of a chalice used by all1 and lastly1 to refute those who denied that ,our ,lord's blood is present under the appearance of bread also4 ,q4 #ija4 #bed ,what is necessary to make a good ,communion8 ,a4 ,to make a good ,communion it is necessary to be in the state of sanctifying grace and to fast according to the laws of the ,church4 ,q4 #ijb4 ,what should a person do who1 through forgetfulness or any other cause1 has broken the fast necessary for ,holy ,communion8 ,a4 ,a person who through forgetfulness or any other cause has broken the fast necessary for ,holy ,communion1 should again fast and receive ,holy ,communion the following morning if possible1 without returning to confession4 ,it is not a sin to break one's fast1 but it would be a mortal sin to receive ,holy ,communion after knowingly breaking the fast necessary for it4 ,q4 #ijc4 #bee ,does he who receives ,communion in mortal sin receive the body and blood of ,christ8 ,a4 ,he who receives ,communion in mortal sin receives the body and blood of ,christ1 but does not receive ,his grace1 and he commits a great sacrilege4 ,q4 #ijd4 #bef ,is it enough to be free from mortal sin to receive plentifully the graces of ,holy ,communion8 ,a4 ,to receive plentifully the graces of ,holy ,communion it is not enough to be free from mortal sin1 but we should be free from all affection to venial sin1 and should make acts of lively faith1 of firm hope1 and ardent love4 ,q4 #ije4 #beg ,what is the fast necessary for ,holy ,communion8 ,a4 ,the fast necessary for ,holy ,communion is the abstaining from food1 alcoholic drinks and non-alcoholic drinks for one hour before ,holy ,communion4 ,water does not break the fast4 ,t4,n43 ,the reprint book1 upon which this e-text is based1 contains the statement1 ,complete and unabridged1 except for the rules governing reception of ,holy ,communion4 ,q4 #ijf4 ,does medicine taken by necessity or food taken by accident break the fast for ,holy ,communion8 ,a4 ,medicine does not break the fast2 food taken by accident within one hour before ,communion breaks the fast4 ,q4 #ijg4 #beh ,is any one ever allowed to receive ,holy ,communion when not fasting8 ,a4 ,to protect the ,blessed ,sacrament from insult or injury1 or when in danger of death1 ,holy ,communion may be received without fasting4 ,q4 #ijh4 ,is the ,holy ,communion called by any other name when given to one in danger of death8 ,a4 ,when the ,holy ,communion is given to one in danger of death1 it is called ,viaticum1 and is given with its own form of prayer4 ,in giving ,holy ,communion the priest says3 ,may the body of ,our ,lord ,jesus ,christ guard your soul to eternal life4 ,in giving ,holy ,viaticum he says3 ,receive1 brother 7or sister71 the ,viaticum of the body of ,our ,lord ,jesus ,christ1 which will guard you from the wicked enemy and lead you into eternal life4 ,q4 #iji4 #bei ,when are we bound to receive ,holy ,communion8 ,a4 ,we are bound to receive ,holy ,communion1 under pain of mortal sin1 during the ,easter time and when in danger of death4 ,q4 #iaj4 #bfj ,is it well to receive ,holy ,communion often8 ,a4 ,it is well to receive ,holy ,communion often1 as nothing is a greater aid to a holy life than often to receive the ,author of all grace and the ,source of all good4 ,q4 #iaa4 ,how shall we know how often we should receive ,holy ,communion8 ,a4 ,we shall know how often we shall receive ,holy ,communion only from the advice of our confessor1 by whom we must be guided1 and whom we must strictly obey in this as well as in all matters concerning the state of our soul4 ,q4 #iab4 ,what is a spiritual ,communion8 ,a4 ,a spiritual communion is an earnest desire to receive ,communion in reality1 by which desire we make all preparations and thanksgivings that we would make in case we really received the ,holy ,eucharist4 ,spiritual ,communion is an act of devotion that must be pleasing to ,god and bring us blessings from ,him4 ,q4 #iac4 #bfa ,what should we do after ,holy ,communion8 ,a4 ,after ,holy ,communion we should spend some time in adoring ,our ,lord1 in thanking ,him for the grace we have received1 and in asking ,him for the blessings we need4 ,q4 #iad4 ,what length of time should we spend in thanksgiving after ,holy ,communion8 ,a4 ,we should spend sufficient time in ,thanksgiving after ,holy ,communion to show due reverence to the ,blessed ,sacrament2 for ,our ,lord is personally with us as long as the appearance of bread and wine remains4 ,q4 #iae4 ,what should we be particular about when receiving ,holy ,communion8 ,a4 ,when receiving ,holy ,communion we should be particular3 7#a7 ,about the respectful manner in which we approach and return from the altar2 7#b7 ,about our personal appearance1 especially neatness and cleanliness2 7#c7 ,about raising our head1 opening our mouth and putting forth the tongue in the proper manner2 7#d7 ,about swallowing the ,sacred ,host2 7#e7 ,about removing it carefully with the tongue1 in case it should stick to the mouth1 but never with the finger under any circumstances4 ,,lesson ,,twenty-,,fourth4 ,,on ,,the ,,sacrifice ,,of ,,the ,,mass4 ,q4 #iaf4 #bfb ,when and where are the bread and wine changed into the body and blood of ,christ8 ,a4 ,the bread and wine are changed into the body and blood of ,christ at the ,consecration in the ,mass4 ,q4 #iag4 #bfc ,what is the ,mass8 ,a4 ,the ,mass is the unbloody sacrifice of the body and blood of ,christ4 ,q4 #iah4 ,why is this ,sacrifice called the ,mass8 ,a4 ,this ,sacrifice is called the ,mass very probably from the words ,ite ,missa est1 used by the priest as he tells the people to depart when the ,holy ,sacrifice is ended4 ,q4 #iai4 #bfd ,what is a sacrifice8 ,a4 ,a sacrifice is the offering of an object by a priest to ,god alone1 and the consuming of it to acknowledge that ,he is the ,creator and ,lord of all things4 ,q4 #ibj4 #bfe ,is the ,mass the same sacrifice as that of the ,cross8 ,a4 ,the ,mass is the same sacrifice as that of the ,cross4 ,q4 #iba4 #bff ,how is the ,mass the same sacrifice as that of the ,cross8 ,a4 ,the ,mass is the same sacrifice as that of the ,cross because the offering and the priest are the same--,christ our ,blessed ,lord2 and the ends for which the sacrifice of the ,mass is offered are the same as those of the sacrifice of the ,cross4 ,q4 #ibb4 #bfg ,what were the ends for which the sacrifice of the ,cross was offered8 ,a4 ,the ends for which the sacrifice of the ,cross was offered were3 #ast1 ,to honor and glorify ,god2 #bnd1 ,to thank ,him for all the graces bestowed on the whole world2 #crd1 ,to satisfy ,god's justice for the sins of men2 #dth1 ,to obtain all graces and blessings4 ,q4 #ibc4 ,how are the fruits of the ,mass distributed8 ,a4 ,the fruits of the ,mass are distributed thus3 ,the first benefit is bestowed on the priest who says the ,mass2 the second on the person for whom the ,mass is said1 or for the intention for which it is said2 the third on those who are present at the ,mass1 and particularly on those who serve it1 and the fourth on all the faithful who are in communion with the ,church4 ,q4 #ibd4 ,are all ,masses of equal value in themselves or do they differ in worth8 ,a4 ,all ,masses are equal in value in themselves and do not differ in worth1 but only in the solemnity with which they are celebrated or in the end for which they are offered4 ,q4 #ibe4 ,how are ,masses distinguished8 ,a4 ,masses are distinguished thus3 7#a7 ,when the ,mass is sung by a bishop1 assisted by a deacon and sub-deacon1 it is called a ,pontifical ,mass2 7#b7 ,when it is sung by a priest1 assisted by a deacon and sub-deacon1 it is called a ,solemn ,mass2 7#c7 ,when sung by a priest without deacon and sub-deacon1 it is called a ,missa ,cantata or ,high ,mass2 7#d7 ,when the ,mass is only read in a low tone it is called a low or private ,mass4 ,q4 #ibf4 ,for what end or intention may ,mass be offered8 ,a4 ,mass may be offered for any end or intention that tends to the honor and glory of ,god1 to the good of the ,church or the welfare of man2 but never for any object that is bad in itself1 or in its aims2 neither can it be offered publicly for persons who are not members of the true ,church4 ,q4 #ibg4 ,explain what is meant by ,requiem1 ,nuptial and ,votive ,masses4 ,a4 ,a ,requiem ,mass is one said in black vestments and with special prayers for the dead4 ,a ,nuptial ,mass is one said at the marriage of two ,catholics1 and it has special prayers for their benefit4 ,a ,votive ,mass is one said in honor of some particular mystery or saint1 on a day not set apart by the ,church for the honor of that mystery or saint4 ,q4 #ibh4 ,from what may we learn that we are to offer up the ,holy ,sacrifice with the priest8 ,a4 ,we may learn that we are to offer up the ,holy ,sacrifice with the priest from the words used in the ,mass itself2 for the priest1 after offering up the bread and wine for the ,sacrifice1 turns to the people and says3 ,orate ,fratres1 c41 which means3 ,pray1 brethren1 that my sacrifice and yours may be acceptable to ,god the ,father ,almighty1 and the server answers in our name3 ,may the ,lord receive the sacrifice from thy hands to the praise and glory of ,his own name1 and to our benefit and that of all ,his ,holy ,church4 ,q4 #ibi4 ,from what did the custom of making an offering to the priest for saying ,mass arise8 ,a4 ,the custom of making an offering to the priest for saying ,mass arose from the old custom of bringing to the priest the bread and wine necessary for the celebration of ,mass4 ,q4 #icj4 ,is it not simony1 or the buying of a sacred thing1 to offer the priest money for saying ,mass for your intention8 ,a4 ,it is not simony1 or the buying of a sacred thing1 to offer the priest money for saying ,mass for our intention1 because the priest does not take the money for the ,mass itself1 but for the purpose of supplying the things necessary for ,mass and for his own support4 ,q4 #ica4 #bfh ,is there any difference between the sacrifice of the ,cross and the sacrifice of the ,mass8 ,a4 ,yes2 the manner in which the sacrifice is offered is different4 ,on the ,cross ,christ really shed ,his blood and was really slain2 in the ,mass there is no real shedding of blood nor real death1 because ,christ can die no more2 but the sacrifice of the ,mass1 through the separate consecration of the bread and the wine1 represents ,his death on the ,cross4 ,q4 #icb4 ,what are the chief parts of the ,mass8 ,a4 ,the chief parts of the ,mass are3 7#a7 ,the ,offertory1 at which the priests offers to ,god the bread and wine to be changed at the ,consecration2 7#b7 ,the ,consecration1 at which the substance of the bread and wine are changed into the substance of ,christ's body and blood2 7#c7 ,the ,communion1 at which the priest receives into his own body the ,holy ,eucharist under the appearance of both bread and wine4 ,q4 #icc4 ,at what part of the ,mass does the ,offertory take place1 and what parts of the ,mass are said before it8 ,a4 ,the ,offertory takes place immediately after the uncovering of the chalice4 ,the parts of the ,mass said before it are3 ,the ,introit1 ,kyrie1 ,gloria1 ,prayers1 ,epistle1 ,gospel and ,creed4 ,the ,introit1 ,prayers1 ,epistle and ,gospel change in each ,mass to correspond with the feast celebrated4 ,q4 #icd4 ,what is the part of the ,mass called in which the ,words of ,consecration are found8 ,a4 ,the part of the ,mass in which the words of ,consecration are found is called the ,canon4 ,this is the most solemn part of the ,mass1 and is rarely and but slightly changed in any ,mass4 ,q4 #ice4 ,what follows the ,communion of the ,mass8 ,a4 ,following the ,communion of ,mass1 there are prayers of thanksgiving1 the blessing of the people1 and the saying of the last ,gospel4 ,q4 #icf4 ,what things are necessary for ,mass8 ,a4 ,the things necessary for ,mass are3 7#a7 ,an altar with linen covers1 candles1 crucifix1 altar stone and ,mass book2 7#b7 ,a ,chalice with all needed in its use1 and bread of flour from wheat and wine from the grape2 7#c7 ,vestments for the priest1 and 7#d7 ,an acolyte or server4 ,q4 #icg4 ,what is the altar stone1 and of what does it remind us8 ,a4 ,the altar stone is that part of the altar upon which the priest rests the ,chalice during ,mass4 ,this stone contains some holy relics sealed up in it by the bishop1 and if the altar is of wood this stone is inserted just in front of the ,tabernacle4 ,the altar stone reminds us of the early history of the ,church1 when the martyrs' tombs were used for altars by the persecuted ,christians4 ,q4 #ich4 ,what lesson do we learn from the practice of using martyrs' tombs for altars8 ,a4 ,from the practice of using martyrs' tombs for altars we learn the inconvenience1 sufferings and dangers the early ,christians willingly underwent for the sake of hearing ,mass4 ,since the ,mass is the same now as it was then1 we should suffer every inconvenience rather than be absent from ,mass on ,sundays or holy days4 ,q4 #ici4 ,what things are used with the chalice during ,mass8 ,a4 ,the things used with the chalice during ,mass are3 7#a7 ,the purificator or cloth for wiping the inside2 7#b7 ,the paten or small silver plate used in handling the host2 7#c7 ,the pall or white card used for covering the chalice at ,mass2 7#d7 ,the corporal or linen cloth on which the chalice and host rest4 ,q4 #idj4 ,what is the host8 ,a4 ,the host is the name given to the thin wafer of bread used at ,mass4 ,this name is generally applied before and after ,consecration to the large particle of bread used by the priest1 though the small particles given to the people are also called by the same name4 ,q4 #ida4 ,are large and small hosts consecrated at every ,mass8 ,a4 ,a large host is consecrated at every ,mass1 but small hosts are consecrated only at some ,masses at which they are to be given to the people or placed in the ,tabernacle for the ,holy ,communion of the faithful4 ,q4 #idb4 ,what vestments does the priest use at ,mass and what do they signify8 ,a4 ,the vestments used by the priest at ,mass are3 7#a7 ,the ,amice1 a white cloth around the shoulders to signify resistance to temptation2 7#b7 ,the ,alb1 a long white garment to signify innocence2 7#c7 ,the ,cincture1 a cord about the waist1 to signify chastity2 7#d7 ,the ,maniple or hanging vestment on the left arm1 to signify penance2 7#e7 ,the ,stole or long vestment about the neck1 to signify immortality2 7#f7 ,the ,chasuble or long vestment over all1 to signify love and remind the priest1 by its cross on front and back1 of the ,passion of ,our ,lord4 ,q4 #idc4 ,how many colors of vestments are used1 and what do the colors signify8 ,a4 ,five colors of vestments are used1 namely1 white1 red1 green1 violet or purple1 and black4 ,white signifies innocence and is used on the feasts of ,our ,blessed ,lord1 of the ,blessed ,virgin1 and of some saints4 ,red signifies love1 and is used on the feasts of the ,holy ,ghost1 and of martyrs4 ,green signifies hope1 and is generally used on ,sundays from ,epiphany to ,pentecost4 ,violet signifies penance1 and is used in ,lent and ,advent4 ,black signifies sorrow1 and is used on ,good ,friday and at ,masses for the dead4 ,gold is often used for white on great feasts4 ,q4 #idd4 ,what is the ,tabernacle and what is the ,ciborium8 ,a4 ,the ,tabernacle is the house-shaped part of the altar where the sacred vessels containing the ,blessed ,sacrament are kept4 ,the ,ciborium is the large silver or gold vessel which contains the ,blessed ,sacrament while in the ,tabernacle1 and from which the priest gives ,holy ,communion to the people4 ,q4 #ide4 ,what is the ,ostensorium or ,monstrance8 ,a4 ,the ,ostensorium or ,monstrance is the beautiful wheel-like vessel in which the ,blessed ,sacrament is exposed and kept during the ,benediction4 ,q4 #idf4 #bfi ,how should we assist at ,mass8 ,a4 ,we should assist at ,mass with great interior recollection and piety and with every outward mark of respect and devotion4 ,q4 #idg4 #bgj ,which is the best manner of hearing ,mass8 ,a4 ,the best manner of hearing ,mass is to offer it to ,god with the priest for the same purpose for which it is said1 to meditate on ,christ's sufferings and death1 and to go to ,holy ,communion4 ,q4 #idh4 ,what is important for the proper and respectful hearing of ,mass8 ,a4 ,for the proper and respectful hearing of ,mass it is important to be in our place before the priest comes to the altar and not to leave it before the priest leaves the altar4 ,thus we prevent the confusion and distraction caused by late coming and too early leaving4 ,standing in the doorways1 blocking up passages and disputing about places should1 out of respect for the ,holy ,sacrifice1 be most carefully avoided4 ,q4 #idi4 ,what is ,benediction of the ,blessed ,sacrament1 and what vestments are used at it8 ,a4 ,benediction of the ,blessed ,sacrament is an act of divine worship in which the ,blessed ,sacrament1 placed in the ostensorium1 is exposed for the adoration of the people and is lifted up to bless them4 ,the vestments used at ,benediction are3 ,a cope or large silk cloak and a humeral or shoulder veil4 ,q4 #iej4 ,why does the priest wear special vestments and use certain ceremonies while performing his sacred duties8 ,a4 ,the priest wears special vestments and uses certain ceremonies while performing his sacred duties3 7#a7 ,to give greater solemnity and to command more attention and respect at divine worship2 7#b7 ,to instruct the people in the things that these vestments and ceremonies signify2 7#c7 ,to remind the priest himself of the importance and sacred character of the work in which he is the representative of ,our ,lord ,himself4 ,hence we should learn the meaning of the ceremonies of the ,church4 ,q4 #iea4 ,how do we show that the ceremonies of the ,church are reasonable and proper8 ,a4 ,we show that the ceremonies of the ,church are reasonable and proper from the fact that all persons in authority1 rulers1 judges and masters1 require certain acts of respect from their subjects1 and as we know ,our ,lord is present on the altar1 the ,church requires definite acts of reverence and respect at the services held in ,his honor and in ,his presence4 ,q4 #ieb4 ,are there other reasons for the use of ceremonies8 ,a4 ,there are other reasons for the use of ceremonies3 7#a7 ,god commanded ceremonies to be used in the old law1 and 7#b7 ,our ,blessed ,lord ,himself made use of ceremonies in performing some of ,his miracles4 ,q4 #iec4 ,how are the persons who take part in a ,solemn ,mass or ,vespers named8 ,a4 ,the persons who take part in a ,solemn ,mass or ,vespers are named as follows3 ,the priest who says or celebrates the ,mass is called the celebrant2 those who assist him as deacon and sub-deacon are called the ministers2 those who serve are called acolytes1 and the one who directs the ceremonies is called the master of ceremonies4 ,if the celebrant be a bishop1 the ,mass or ,vespers is called ,pontifical ,mass or ,pontifical ,vespers4 ,q4 #ied4 ,what is ,vespers8 ,a4 ,vespers is a portion of the divine office or daily prayer of the ,church4 ,it is sung in ,churches generally on ,sunday afternoon or evening1 and is usually followed by ,benediction of the ,blessed ,sacrament4 ,q4 #iee4 ,can one satisfy for neglecting ,mass on ,sunday by hearing ,vespers on the same day8 ,a4 ,one cannot satisfy for neglecting ,mass on ,sunday by hearing ,vespers on the same day1 because there is no law of the ,church obliging us under pain of sin to attend ,vespers1 while there is a law obliging us under pain of mortal sin to hear ,mass4 ,,lesson ,,twenty-,,fifth4 ,,on ,,extreme ,,unction ,,and ,,holy ,,orders4 ,q4 #ief4 #bga ,what is the ,sacrament of ,extreme ,unction8 ,a4 ,extreme ,unction is the ,sacrament which1 through the anointing and prayer of the priest1 gives health and strength to the soul1 and sometimes to the body1 when we are in danger of death from sickness4 ,q4 #ieg4 ,why is this ,sacrament called ,extreme ,unction8 ,a4 ,extreme means last1 and ,unction means an anointing or rubbing with oil1 and because ,catholics are anointed with oil at ,baptism1 ,confirmation and ,holy ,orders1 the last ,sacrament in1 which oil is used is called ,extreme ,unction1 or the last ,unction or anointing4 ,q4 #ieh4 ,is this ,sacrament called ,extreme ,unction if the person recovers after receiving it8 ,a4 ,this ,sacrament is always called ,extreme ,unction1 even if it must be given several times to the same person1 for ,extreme ,unction is the proper name of the ,sacrament1 and it may be given as often as a person recovering from one attack of sickness is in danger of death by another4 ,in a lingering illness it may be repeated after a month or six weeks1 if the person slightly recovers and again relapses into a dangerous condition4 ,q4 #iei4 ,to whom may ,extreme ,unction be given8 ,a4 ,extreme ,unction may be given to all ,christians dangerously ill1 who have ever been capable of committing sin after baptism and who have the right dispositions for the ,sacrament4 ,hence it is never given to children who have not reached the use of reason1 nor to persons who have always been insane4 ,q4 #ifj4 ,what are the right dispositions for ,extreme ,unction8 ,a4 ,the right dispositions for ,extreme ,unction are3 7#a7 ,resignation to the ,will of ,god with regard to our recovery2 7#b7 ,a state of grace or at least contrition for sins committed1 and 7#c7 ,a general intention or desire to receive the ,sacrament4 ,this ,sacrament is never given to heretics in danger of death1 because they cannot be supposed to have the intention necessary for receiving it1 nor the desire to make use of the ,sacrament of ,penance in putting themselves in a state of grace4 ,q4 #ifa4 ,when and by whom was ,extreme ,unction instituted8 ,a4 ,extreme ,unction was instituted at the time of the apostles1 for ,james the ,apostle exhorts the sick to receive it4 ,it was instituted by ,our ,lord ,himself--though we do not know at what particular time--for ,he alone can make a visible act a means of grace1 and the apostles and their successors could never have believed ,extreme ,unction a ,sacrament and used it as such unless they had ,our ,lord's authority for so doing4 ,q4 #ifb4 #bgb ,when should we receive ,extreme ,unction8 ,a4 ,we should receive ,extreme ,unction when we are in danger of death from sickness1 or from a wound or accident4 ,q4 #ifc4 ,what parts of the body are anointed in ,extreme ,unction8 ,a4 ,the parts of the body anointed in ,extreme ,unction are3 ,the eyes1 the ears1 the nose or nostrils1 the lips1 the hands and the feet1 because these represent our senses of sight1 hearing1 smell1 taste and touch1 which are the means through which we have committed most of our sins4 ,q4 #ifd4 ,what things should be prepared in the sick-room when the priest is coming to give the last ,sacraments8 ,a4 ,when the priest is coming to give the last ,sacraments1 the following things should be prepared3 ,a table covered with a white cloth2 a crucifix2 two lighted candles in candlesticks2 holy water in a small vessel1 with a small piece of palm for a sprinkler2 a glass of clean water2 a tablespoon and a napkin or cloth1 to be placed under the chin of the one receiving the ,viaticum4 ,besides these1 if ,extreme ,unction also is to be given1 there should be some cotton and a small piece of bread or lemon to purify the priest's fingers4 ,q4 #ife4 ,what seems most proper with regard to the things necessary for the last ,sacraments8 ,a4 ,it seems most proper that the things necessary for the last ,sacraments should be carefully kept in every ,catholic family1 and should never1 if possible1 be used for any other purpose4 ,q4 #iff4 ,what else is to be observed about the preparation for the administration of the last ,sacraments8 ,a4 ,the further preparation for the administration of the last ,sacraments requires that out of respect for the ,sacraments1 and in particular for the presence of ,our ,lord1 everything about the sick-room1 the sick person and even the attendants1 should be made as neat and clean as possible4 ,especially should the face1 hands and feet of the one to be anointed be thoroughly clean4 ,q4 #ifg4 #bgc ,should we wait until we are in extreme danger before we receive ,extreme ,unction8 ,a4 ,we should not wait until we are in extreme danger before we receive ,extreme ,unction1 but if possible we should receive it whilst we have the use of our senses4 ,q4 #ifh4 ,what should we do in case of serious illness if the sick person will not consent or is afraid to receive the ,sacraments1 or1 at least1 wishes to put off their reception8 ,a4 ,in case of serious illness1 if the sick person will not consent1 or is afraid to receive the ,sacraments1 or1 at least1 wishes to put off their reception1 we should send for the priest at once and let him do what he thinks best in the case1 and thus we will free ourselves from the responsibility of letting a ,catholic die without the last ,sacraments4 ,q4 #ifi4 #bgd ,which are the effects of the ,sacrament of ,extreme ,unction8 ,a4 ,the effects of ,extreme ,unction are3 #ast1 ,to comfort us in the pains of sickness and to strengthen us against temptations2 #b;d1 ,to remit venial sins and to cleanse our soul from the remains of sin2 #c;d1 ,to restore us to health1 when ,god sees fit4 ,q4 #igj4 ,will ,extreme ,unction take away mortal sin if the dying person is no longer able to confess8 ,a4 ,extreme ,unction will take away mortal sin if the dying person is no longer able to confess1 provided he has the sorrow for his sins that would be necessary for the worthy reception of the ,sacrament of ,penance4 ,q4 #iga4 ,how do we know that this ,sacrament1 more than any other1 was instituted to benefit the body8 ,a4 ,we know that this ,sacrament more than any other was instituted to benefit the body 7#a7 ,from the words of ,st4 ,james exhorting us to receive it2 7#b7 ,it is given when the soul is already purified by the graces of ,penance and ,holy ,viaticum2 7#c7 ,one of its chief objects is to restore us to health if it be for our spiritual good1 as most of the prayers said in giving this ,sacrament indicate4 ,q4 #igb4 ,since ,extreme ,unction may restore us to health1 should we not be glad to receive it8 ,a4 ,since ,extreme ,unction may restore us to health1 we should be glad to receive it1 and we should not delay its reception till we are so near death that ,god could restore us only by a miracle4 ,again1 this ,sacrament1 like the others1 gives sanctifying and sacramental grace1 which we should be eager to obtain as soon as our sickness is sufficient to give us the privilege of receiving the last ,sacraments4 ,q4 #igc4 #bge ,what do you mean by the remains of sin8 ,a4 ,by the remains of sin ,i mean the inclination to evil and the weakness of the will which are the result of our sins1 and which remain after our sins have been forgiven4 ,q4 #igd4 #bgf ,how should we receive the ,sacrament of ,extreme ,unction8 ,a4 ,we should receive the ,sacrament of ,extreme ,unction in the state of grace1 and with lively faith and resignation to the will of ,god4 ,q4 #ige4 #bgg ,who is the minister of the ,sacrament of ,extreme ,unction8 ,a4 ,the priest is the minister of the ,sacrament of ,extreme ,unction4 ,q4 #igf4 ,what is the final preparation we should make for the reception of the last ,sacraments8 ,a4 ,the final preparation we should make for the reception of the last ,sacraments consists in an earnest effort to be resigned to ,god's ,holy ,will1 to excite ourselves to true sorrow for our sins1 to profit by the graces given us1 to keep worldly thoughts from the mind1 and to dispose ourselves as best we can for the worthy reception of the ,sacraments and the blessings of a good death4 ,q4 #igg4 ,at what time should persons dangerously ill attend to the final arrangement of their temporal or worldly affairs8 ,a4 ,persons dangerously ill should attend to the final arrangement of their temporal or worldly affairs at the very beginning of their illness1 that these things may not distract them at the hour of death1 and that they may give the last hours of their life entirely to the care of their soul4 ,q4 #igh4 #bgh ,what is the ,sacrament of ,holy ,orders8 ,a4 ,holy ,orders is a ,sacrament by which bishops1 priests1 and other ministers of the ,church are ordained and receive the power and grace to perform their sacred duties4 ,q4 #igi4 ,besides bishops and priests1 who are the other ministers of the ,church8 ,a4 ,besides bishops and priests1 the other ministers of the ,church are deacons and sub-deacons1 who1 while preparing for the priesthood1 have received some of the ,holy ,orders1 but who have not been ordained to the full powers of the priest4 ,q4 #ihj4 ,why is this ,sacrament called ,holy ,orders8 ,a4 ,this ,sacrament is called ,holy ,orders because it is conferred by seven different grades or steps following one another in fixed order by which the sacred powers of the priesthood are gradually given to the one admitted to that holy state4 ,q4 #iha4 ,what are the grades by which one ascends to the priesthood8 ,a4 ,the grades by which one ascends to the priesthood are 7#a7 ,tonsure1 or the clipping of the hair by the bishop1 by which the candidate for priesthood dedicates himself to the service of the altar2 7#b7 ,the four minor orders1 ,porter1 ,reader1 ,exorcist1 and ,acolyte1 by which he is permitted to perform certain duties that laymen should not perform2 7#c7 ,sub-deaconship1 by which he takes upon himself the obligation of leading a life of perpetual chastity and of saying daily the divine office2 7#d7 ,deaconship1 by which he receives power to preach1 baptize1 and give ,holy ,communion4 ,the next step1 priesthood1 gives him power to offer the ,holy ,sacrifice of the ,mass and forgive sins4 ,these orders are not all given at once1 but at times fixed by the laws of the ,church4 ,q4 #ihb4 ,are not the different orders separate ,sacraments8 ,a4 ,these different orders are not separate ,sacraments4 ,taken all together1 some are a preparation for the ,sacrament and the rest are but the one ,sacrament of ,holy ,orders2 as the roots1 trunk and branches form but one tree4 ,q4 #ihc4 ,what name is given to sub-deaconship1 deaconship and priesthood8 ,a4 ,sub-deaconship1 deaconship and priesthood are called major or greater orders1 because those who receive them are bound for life to the service of the altar and they cannot return to the service of the world to live as ordinary laymen4 ,q4 #ihd4 ,what double power does the ,church possess and confer on her pastors8 ,a4 ,the ,church possesses and confers on her pastor1 the power of orders and the power of jurisdiction2 that is1 the power to administer the ,sacraments and sanctify the faithful1 and the power to teach and make laws that direct the faithful to their spiritual good4 ,a bishop has the full power of orders and the ,pope alone has the full power of jurisdiction4 ,q4 #ihe4 ,how do the pastors of the ,church rank according to authority8 ,a4 ,the pastors of the ,church rank according to authority as follows3 7#a7 ,priests1 who govern parishes or congregations in the name of their bishop2 7#b7 ,bishops1 who rule over a number of parishes or a diocese2 7#c7 ,archbishops1 who have authority over a number of dioceses or a province2 7#d7 ,primates1 who have authority over the ecclesiastical or ,church provinces of a nation2 7#e7 ,patriarchs1 who have authority over a whole country2 and last and highest1 the ,pope1 who rules the ,church throughout the world4 ,q4 #ihf4 ,how do the prelates or higher officers of the ,church rank in dignity8 ,a4 ,the prelates or higher officers of the ,church rank in dignity as they rank in authority1 except that in dignity ,cardinals are next to the ,pope1 and ,vicars ,apostolic1 ,monsignori1 and others having titles follow bishops4 ,papal delegates and those specially appointed by the ,pope rank according to the powers he has given them4 ,q4 #ihg4 ,who are ,cardinals1 what are their duties and how are they divided8 ,a4 ,cardinals are the members of the ,supreme ,council or ,senate of the ,church4 ,their duties are to advise and aid the ,pope in the government of the ,church1 and to elect a new ,pope when the reigning ,pope dies4 ,they are divided into committees called sacred congregations1 each having1 its special work to perform4 ,all these congregations taken together are called the ,sacred ,college of ,cardinals1 of which the whole number is seventy4 ,q4 #ihh4 ,who is a ,monsignor8 ,a4 ,a ,monsignor is a worthy priest upon whom the ,pope confers this title as a mark of esteem4 ,it gives certain privileges and the right to wear purple like a bishop4 ,q4 #ihi4 ,who is a ,vicar-,general8 ,a4 ,a ,vicar-,general is one who is appointed by the bishop to aid him in the government of his diocese4 ,he shares the bishop's power and in the bishop's absence he acts for the bishop and with his authority4 ,q4 #iij4 ,who is an ,abbot8 ,a4 ,an ,abbot is one who exercises over a religious community of men authority similar in many things to that exercised by a bishop over his diocese4 ,he has also certain privileges usually granted to bishops4 ,q4 #iia4 ,what is the pallium8 ,a4 ,the pallium is a white woolen vestment worn by the ,pope and sent by him to patriarchs1 primates and archbishops4 ,it is the symbol of the fullness of pastoral power1 and reminds the wearer of the ,good ,shepherd1 whose example he must follow4 ,q4 #iib4 #bgi ,what is necessary to receive ,holy ,orders worthily8 ,a4 ,to receive ,holy ,orders worthily it is necessary to be in the state of grace1 to have the necessary knowledge and a divine call to this sacred office4 ,q4 #iic4 ,what name is given to this divine call and how can we discover this call8 ,a4 ,this divine call is named a vocation to the priestly or religious life4 ,we can discover it in our constant inclination to such a life from the pure and holy motive of serving ,god better in it1 together with our fitness for it1 or1 at least1 our ability to prepare for it1 also in our true piety and mastery over our sinful passions and unlawful desires4 ,q4 #iid4 ,how should we finally determine our vocation8 ,a4 ,we should finally determine our vocation3 7#a7 ,by leading a holy life that we may be more worthy of it2 7#b7 ,by praying to the ,holy ,ghost for light on the subject2 7#c7 ,by seeking the advice of holy and prudent persons and above all of our confessor4 ,q4 #iie4 ,what should parents and guardians bear in mind with regard to their children's vocations8 ,a4 ,parents and guardians should bear in mind with regard to their children's vocations3 7#a7 ,that it is their duty to aid their children to discover their vocation2 7#b7 ,that it is sinful for them to resist the ,will of ,god by endeavoring to turn their children from their true vocation or to prevent them from following it by placing obstacles in their way1 and1 worst of all1 to urge them to enter a state of life to which they have not been divinely called2 7#c7 ,that in giving their advice they should be guided only by the future good and happiness of their children and not by any selfish or worldly motive which may lead to the loss of souls4 ,q4 #iif4 #bhj ,how should ,christians look upon the priests of the ,church8 ,a4 ,christians should look upon the priests of the ,church as the messengers of ,god and the dispensers of ,his mysteries4 ,q4 #iig4 ,how do we know that the priests of the ,church are the messengers of ,god8 ,a4 ,we know that the priests of the ,church are the messengers of ,god1 because ,christ said to ,his apostles1 and through them to their successors3 ,as the ,father hath sent ,me1 ,i also send you2 that is to say1 to preach the true religion1 to administer the ,sacraments1 to offer ,sacrifice1 and to do all manner of good for the salvation of souls4 ,q4 #iih4 ,when did the priests of the ,church receive this threefold power to preach1 to forgive sins and to consecrate bread and wine8 ,a4 ,the priests of the ,church received this three-fold power to preach1 to forgive sins and to consecrate bread and wine1 when ,christ said to them1 through the apostles3 ,go teach all nations2 ,whose sins you shall forgive they are forgiven1 and ,do this for a commemoration of ,me4 ,q4 #iii4 ,why should we show great respect to the priests and bishops of the ,church8 ,a4 ,we should show great respect to the priests and bishops of the ,church3 7#a7 ,because they are the representatives of ,christ upon earth1 and 7#b7 ,because they administer the ,sacraments without which we cannot be saved4 ,therefore1 we should be most careful in what we do1 say or think concerning ,god's ministers4 ,to show our respect in proportion to their dignity1 we address the priest as ,reverend1 the bishop as ,right ,reverend1 the archbishop as ,most ,reverend1 and the ,pope as ,holy ,father4 ,q4 #ajjj4 ,should we do more than merely respect the ministers of ,god8 ,a4 ,we should do more than merely respect the ministers of ,god4 ,we should earnestly and frequently pray for them1 that they may be enabled to perform the difficult and important duties of their holy state in a manner pleasing to ,god4 ,q4 #ajja4 #bha ,who can confer the ,sacrament of ,holy ,orders8 ,a4 ,bishops can confer the ,sacrament of ,holy ,orders4 ,q4 #ajjb4 ,how do we know that there is a true priesthood in the ,church8 ,a4 ,we know that there is a true priesthood in the ,church3 7#a7 ,because in the ,jewish religion1 which was only a figure of the ,christian religion1 there was a true priesthood established by ,god2 7#b7 ,because ,christ conferred on ,his apostles and not on all the faithful the power to offer ,sacrifice1 distribute the ,holy ,eucharist and forgive sins4 ,q4 #ajjc4 ,but is there need of a special ,sacrament of ,holy ,orders to confer these powers8 ,a4 ,there is need of a special ,sacrament of ,holy ,orders to confer these powers3 7#a7 ,because the priesthood which is to continue the work of the apostles must be visible in the ,church1 and it must therefore be conferred by some visible ceremony or outward sign2 7#b7 because this outward sign called ,holy ,orders gives not only power but grace and was instituted by ,christ1 ,holy ,orders must be a ,sacrament4 ,q4 #ajjd4 ,can bishops1 priests and other ministers of the ,church always exercise the power they have received in ,holy ,orders8 ,a4 ,bishops1 priests and other ministers of the ,church cannot exercise the power they have received in ,holy ,orders unless authorized and sent to do so by their lawful superiors4 ,the power can never be taken from them1 but the right to use it may be withdrawn for causes laid down in the laws of the ,church1 or for reasons that seem good to those in authority over them4 ,any use of sacred power without authority is sinful1 and all who take part in such ceremonies are guilty of sin4 ,,lesson ,,twenty-,,sixth4 ,,on ,,matrimony4 ,q4 #ajje4 #bhb ,what is the ,sacrament of ,matrimony8 ,a4 ,the ,sacrament of ,matrimony is the ,sacrament which unites a ,christian man and woman in lawful marriage4 ,q4 #ajjf4 ,when are persons lawfully married8 ,a4 ,persons are lawfully married when they comply with all the laws of ,god and of the ,church relating to marriage4 ,to marry unlawfully is a mortal sin1 and it deprives the souls of the grace of the ,sacrament4 ,q4 #ajjg4 ,when was marriage first instituted8 ,a4 ,marriage was first instituted in the ,garden of ,eden1 when ,god created ,adam and ,eve and made them husband and wife1 but it was not then a ,sacrament1 for their union did not confer any special grace4 ,q4 #ajjh4 ,when was the contract of marriage raised to the dignity of a ,sacrament8 ,a4 ,the exact time at which the contract of marriages was raised to the dignity of a ,sacrament is not known1 but the fact that it was thus raised is certain from passages in the ,new ,testament and from the constant teaching of the ,church ever since the time of the apostles4 ,our ,lord did not merely add grace to the contract1 but ,he made the very contract a ,sacrament1 so that ,christians cannot make this contract without receiving the ,sacrament4 ,q4 #ajji4 ,what is the outward sign in the ,sacrament of ,matrimony1 and in what does the whole essence of the marriage contract consist8 ,a4 ,the outward sign in the ,sacrament of matrimony is the mutual consent of the persons1 expressed by words or signs in accordance with the laws of the ,church4 ,the whole essence of the marriage contract consists in the surrender by the persons of their bodies to each other and in declaring by word or sign that they make this surrender and take each other for husband and wife now and for life4 ,q4 #ajaj4 ,what are the chief ends of the ,sacrament of ,matrimony8 ,a4 ,the chief ends of the ,sacrament of matrimony are3 7#a7 ,to enable the husband and wife to aid each other in securing the salvation of their souls2 7#b7 ,to propagate or keep up the existence of the human race by bringing children into the world to serve ,god2 7#c7 ,to prevent sins against the holy virtue of purity by faithfully obeying the laws of the marriage state4 ,q4 #ajaa4 #bhc ,can a ,christian man and woman be united in lawful marriage in any other way than by the ,sacrament of ,matrimony8 ,a4 ,a ,christian man and woman cannot be united in lawful marriage in any other way than by the ,sacrament of ,matrimony1 because ,christ raised marriage to the dignity of a sacrament4 ,q4 #ajab4 ,were1 then1 all marriages before the coming of ,christ unlawful and invalid8 ,a4 ,all marriages before the coming of ,christ were not unlawful and invalid4 ,they were both lawful and valid when the persons contracting them followed the dictates of their conscience and the laws of ,god as they knew them2 but such marriages were only contracts4 ,through their evil inclinations many forgot or neglected the true character of marriage till ,our ,lord restored it to its former unity and purity4 ,q4 #ajac4 ,what do we mean by impediments to marriage8 ,a4 ,by impediments to marriage we mean certain restrictions1 imposed by the law of ,god or of the ,church1 that render the marriage invalid or unlawful when they are violated in entering into it4 ,these restrictions regard age1 health1 relationship1 intention1 religion and other matters affecting the good of the ,sacrament4 ,q4 #ajad4 ,can the ,church dispense from or remove these impediments to marriage8 ,a4 ,the ,church can dispense from or remove the impediments to marriage that arise from its own laws2 but it cannot dispense from impediments that arise from the laws of ,god and nature4 ,every lawmaker can change or excuse from the laws made by himself or his equals1 but he cannot1 of his own authority1 change or excuse from laws made by a higher power4 ,q4 #ajae4 ,what is required that the ,church may grant1 when it is able1 dispensations from the impediments to marriage or from other laws8 ,a4 ,that the ,church may grant dispensations from the impediments to marriage or from other laws1 there must be a good and urgent reason for granting such dispensations4 ,the ,church does not grant dispensations without cause and merely to satisfy the wishes of those who ask for them4 ,q4 #ajaf4 ,why does the ,church sometimes require the persons to whom dispensations are granted to pay a tax or fee for the privilege8 ,a4 ,the ,church sometimes requires the persons to whom dispensations are granted to pay a tax or fee for the privilege3 7#a7 ,that persons on account of this tax be restrained from asking for dispensations and may comply with the general laws2 7#b7 ,that the ,church may not have to bear the expense of supporting an office for granting privileges to a few4 ,q4 #ajag4 ,what should persons who are about to get married do8 ,a4 ,persons who are about to get married should give their pastor timely notice of their intention1 make known to him privately whatever they suspect might be an impediment to the marriage1 and make sure of all arrangements before inviting their friends4 ,q4 #ajah4 ,what timely notice of marriage should be given to the priest1 and why8 ,a4 ,at least three weeks notice of marriage should be given to the priest1 because1 according to the laws of the ,church1 the names of the persons about to get married must be announced and their intended marriage published at the principal ,mass in their parish for three successive ,sundays4 ,q4 #ajai4 ,why are the banns of matrimony published in the ,church8 ,a4 ,the banns of matrimony are published in the ,church that any person who might know of any impediment to the marriage may have an opportunity to declare it privately to the priest before the marriage takes place and thus prevent an invalid or unlawful marriage4 ,persons who know of such impediments and fail to declare them in due time are guilty of sin4 ,q4 #ajbj4 ,what things in particular should persons arranging for their marriage make known to the priest8 ,a4 ,persons arranging for their marriage should make known to the priest whether both are ,christians and ,catholics2 whether either has been solemnly engaged to another person2 whether they have ever made any vow to ,god with regard to chastity or the like2 whether they are related and in what degree2 whether either was ever married to any member of the other's family and whether either was ever godparent in baptism for the other4 ,q4 #ajba4 ,what else must they make known8 ,a4 ,they must also make known whether either was married before and what proof can be given of the death of the former husband or wife2 whether they really intend to get married1 and do so of their own will2 whether they are of lawful age2 whether they are sound in body or suffering from any deformity that might prevent their marriage1 and lastly1 whether they live in the parish in which they ask to be married1 and if so1 how long they have lived in it4 ,q4 #ajbb4 ,what is particularly necessary that persons may do their duty in the marriage state8 ,a4 ,that persons may do their duty in the marriage state1 it is particularly necessary that they should be well instructed1 before entering it1 in the truths and duties of their religion for how will they teach their children these things if they are ignorant of them themselves8 ,q4 #ajbc4 #bhd ,can the bond of ,christian marriage be dissolved by any human power8 ,a4 ,the bond of ,christian marriage cannot be dissolved by any human power4 ,q4 #ajbd4 ,does not a divorce granted by courts of justice break the bond of marriage8 ,a4 ,divorce granted by courts of justice or by any human power does not break the bond of marriage1 and one who makes use of such a divorce to marry again while the former husband or wife lives commits a sacrilege and lives in the sin of adultery4 ,a civil divorce may give a sufficient reason for the persons to live apart and it may determine their rights with regard to support1 the control of the children and other temporal things1 but it has no effect whatever upon the bond and spiritual nature of the ,sacrament4 ,q4 #ajbe4 ,does not the ,church sometimes allow husband and wife to separate and live apart8 ,a4 ,the ,church sometimes1 for very good reasons1 does allow husband and wife to separate and live apart2 but that is not dissolving the bond of marriage1 or divorce as it is called1 for though separated they are still husband and wife1 and neither can marry again till the other dies4 ,q4 #ajbf4 ,has not the ,church sometimes allowed ,catholics once married to separate and marry again8 ,a4 ,the ,church has never allowed ,catholics once really married to separate and marry again1 but it has sometimes declared persons apparently married free to marry again1 because their first marriage was null2 that is1 no marriage on account of some impediment not discovered till after the ceremony4 ,q4 #ajbg4 ,what evils follow divorce so commonly claimed by those outside the true ,church and granted by civil authority8 ,a4 ,the evils that follow divorce so commonly claimed by those outside the true ,church and granted by civil authority are very many2 but chiefly 7#a7 ,a disregard for the sacred character of the ,sacrament and for the spiritual welfare of the children2 7#b7 ,the loss of the true idea of home and family followed by bad morals and sinful living4 ,q4 #ajbh4 #bhe ,which are the effects of the ,sacrament of ,matrimony8 ,a4 ,the effects of the ,sacrament of ,matrimony are #ast1 ,to sanctify the love of husband and wife2 #bnd1 ,to give them grace to bear with each other's weaknesses2 #c;d1 ,to enable them to bring up their children in the fear and love of ,god4 ,q4 #ajbi4 ,what do we mean by bearing with each other's weaknesses8 ,a4 ,by bearing with each other's weaknesses we mean that the husband and wife must be patient with each other's faults1 bad habits or dispositions1 pardon them easily1 and aid each other in overcoming them4 ,q4 #ajcj4 ,how are parents specially fitted to bring up their children in the fear and love of ,god8 ,a4 ,parents are specially fitted to bring up their children in the fear and love of ,god 7#a7 ,by the special grace they receive to advise and direct their children and to warn them against evil2 7#b7 ,by the experience they have acquired in passing through life from childhood to the position of parents4 ,children should1 therefore1 conscientiously seek and accept the direction of good parents4 ,q4 #ajca4 #bhf ,to receive the ,sacrament of ,matrimony worthily is it necessary to be in the state of grace8 ,a4 ,to receive the ,sacrament of ,matrimony worthily it is necessary to be in the state of grace1 and it is necessary also to comply with the laws of the ,church4 ,q4 #ajcb4 ,with what laws of the ,church are we bound to comply in receiving the ,sacrament of ,matrimony8 ,a4 ,in receiving the ,sacrament of matrimony we are bound to comply with whatever laws of the ,church concern ,matrimony2 such as laws forbidding solemn marriage in ,lent and ,advent2 or marriage with relatives or with persons of a different religion1 and in general all laws that refer to any impediment to marriage4 ,q4 #ajcc4 ,in how many ways may persons be related8 ,a4 ,persons may be related in four ways4 ,when they are related by blood their relationship is called consanguinity2 when they are related by marriage it is called affinity2 when they are related by being god-parents in ,baptism or ,confirmation1 it is called spiritual affinity2 when they are related by adoption1 it is called legal affinity4 ,q4 #ajcd4 #bhg ,who has the right to make laws concerning the ,sacrament of marriage8 ,a4 ,the ,church alone has the right to make laws concerning the ,sacrament of marriage1 though the state also has the right to make laws concerning the civil effects of the marriage contract4 ,q4 #ajce4 ,what do we mean by laws concerning the civil effects of the marriage contract8 ,a4 ,by laws concerning the civil effects of the marriage contract we mean laws with regard to the property or debts of the husband and wife1 the inheritance of their children1 or whatever pertains to their temporal affairs4 ,all persons are bound to obey the laws of their country when these laws are not opposed to the laws of ,god4 ,q4 #ajcf4 #bhh ,does the ,church forbid the marriage of ,catholics with persons who have a different religion or no religion at all8 ,a4 ,the ,church does forbid the marriage of ,catholics with persons who have a different religion or no religion at all4 ,q4 #ajcg4 #bhi ,why does the ,church forbid the marriage of ,catholics with persons who have a different religion or no religion at all8 ,a4 ,the ,church forbids the marriage of ,catholics with persons who have a different religion1 or no religion at all1 because such marriages generally lead to indifference1 loss of faith1 and to the neglect of the religious education of the children4 ,q4 #ajch4 ,what are the marriages of ,catholics with persons of a different religion called1 and when does the ,church permit them by dispensation8 ,a4 ,the marriages of ,catholics with persons of a different religion are called mixed marriages4 ,the ,church permits them by dispensation only under certain conditions and for urgent reasons2 chiefly to prevent a greater evil4 ,q4 #ajci4 ,what are the conditions upon which the ,church will permit a ,catholic to marry one who is not a ,catholic8 ,a4 ,the conditions upon which the ,church will permit a ,catholic to marry one who is not a ,catholic are3 7#a7 ,that the ,catholic be allowed the free exercise of his or her religion2 7#b7 that the ,catholic shall try by teaching and good example to lead the one who is not a ,catholic to embrace the true faith2 7#c7 that all the children born of the marriage shall be brought up in the ,catholic religion4 ,the marriage ceremony must not be repeated before a heretical minister4 ,without these promises1 the ,church will not consent to a mixed marriage1 and if the ,church does not consent the marriage is unlawful4 ,q4 #ajdj4 ,what penalty does the ,church impose on ,catholics who marry before a ,protestant minister8 ,a4 ,catholics who marry before a ,protestant minister incur excommunication2 that is1 a censure of the ,church or spiritual penalty which prevents them from receiving the ,sacrament of ,penance till the priest who hears their confession gets special faculties or permission from the bishop2 because by such a marriage they make profession of a false religion in acknowledging as a priest one who has neither sacred power nor authority4 ,q4 #ajda4 ,how does the ,church show its displeasure at mixed marriages8 ,a4 ,the ,church shows its displeasure at mixed marriages by the coldness with which it sanctions them1 prohibiting all religious ceremony at them by forbidding the priest to use any sacred vestments1 holy water or blessing of the ring at such marriages2 by prohibiting them also from taking place in the ,church or even in the sacristy4 ,on the other hand1 the ,church shows its joy and approval at a true ,catholic marriage by the ,nuptial ,mass and solemn ceremonies4 ,q4 #ajdb4 ,why should ,catholics avoid mixed marriages8 ,a4 ,catholics should avoid mixed marriages 7#a7 ,because they are displeasing to the ,church and cannot bring with them the full measure of ,god's grace and blessing2 7#b7 because the children should have the good example of both parents in the practice of their religion2 7#c7 because such marriages give rise to frequent disputes on religious questions between husband and wife and between their relatives2 7#d7 because the one not a ,catholic1 disregarding the sacred character of the ,sacrament1 may claim a divorce and marry again1 leaving the ,catholic married and abandoned4 ,q4 #ajdc4 ,does the ,church seek to make converts by its laws concerning mixed marriages8 ,a4 ,the ,church does not seek to make converts by its laws concerning mixed marriages1 but seeks only to keep its children from losing their faith and becoming perverts by constant company with persons not ,catholics4 ,the ,church does not wish persons to become ,catholics merely for the sake of marrying ,catholics4 ,such conversions are1 as a rule1 not sincere1 do no good1 but rather make such converts hypocrites and guilty of greater sins1 especially sins of sacrilege4 ,q4 #ajdd4 #bij ,why do many marriages prove unhappy8 ,a4 ,many marriages prove unhappy because they are entered into hastily and without worthy motives4 ,q4 #ajde4 ,when are marriages entered into hastily8 ,a4 ,marriages are entered into hastily when persons do not sufficiently consider and investigate the character1 habits and dispositions of the one they intend to marry4 ,it is wise to look for lasting qualities and solid virtues in a life-long companion and not to be carried away with characteristics that please only for a time4 ,q4 #ajdf4 ,when are motives for marriage worthy8 ,a4 ,motives for marriage are worthy when persons enter it for the sake of doing ,god's will and fulfilling the end for which ,he instituted the ,sacrament4 ,whatever is opposed to the true object of the ,sacrament and the sanctification of the husband and wife must be an unworthy motive4 ,q4 #ajdg4 #bia ,how should ,christians prepare for a holy and happy marriage8 ,a4 ,christians should prepare for a holy and happy marriage by receiving the ,sacraments of ,penance and ,holy ,eucharist2 by begging ,god to grant them a pure intention and to direct their choice2 and by seeking the advice of their parents and the blessing of their pastors4 ,q4 #ajdh4 ,how may parents be guilty of great injustice to their children in case of marriage8 ,a4 ,parents may be guilty of great injustice to their children in case of marriage by seeking the gratification of their own aims and desires1 rather than the good of their children1 and thus for selfish and unreasonable motives forcing their children to marry persons they dislike or preventing them from marrying the persons chosen by the dictates of their conscience1 or compelling them to marry when they have no vocation for such a life or no true knowledge of its obligations4 ,q4 #ajdi4 ,may persons receive the ,sacrament of ,matrimony more than once8 ,a4 ,persons may receive the sacrament of ,matrimony more than once1 provided they are certain of the death of the former husband or wife and comply with the laws of the ,church4 ,q4 #ajej4 ,where and at what time of the day should ,catholics be married8 ,a4 ,catholics should be married before the altar in the ,church4 ,they should be married in the morning1 and with a ,nuptial ,mass if possible4 ,q4 #ajea4 ,what must never be forgotten by those who attend a marriage ceremony in the ,church8 ,a4 ,they who attend a marriage ceremony in the ,church must never forget the presence of the ,blessed ,sacrament1 and that all laughing1 talking1 or irreverence is forbidden then as at other times4 ,women must never enter into the presence of the ,blessed ,sacrament with uncovered heads1 and their dress must be in keeping with the strict modesty that ,our ,lord's presence demands1 no matter what worldly vanity or social manners may require4 ,,lesson ,,twenty-,,seventh4 ,,on ,,the ,,sacramentals4 ,q4 #ajeb4 #bib ,what is a sacramental8 ,a4 ,a sacramental is anything set apart or blessed by the ,church to excite good thoughts and to increase devotion1 and through these movements of the heart to remit venial sin4 ,q4 #ajec4 ,how do the ,sacramentals excite good thoughts and increase devotion8 ,a4 ,the ,sacramentals excite good thoughts by recalling to our minds some special reason for doing good and avoiding evil2 especially by reminding us of some holy person1 event or thing through which blessings have come to us4 ,they increase devotion by fixing our minds on particular virtues and by helping us to understand and desire them4 ,q4 #ajed4 ,do the ,sacramentals of themselves remit venial sins8 ,a4 ,the ,sacramentals of themselves do not remit venial sins1 but they move us to truer devotion1 to greater love for ,god and greater sorrow for our sins1 and this devotion1 love and sorrow bring us grace1 and the grace remits venial sins4 ,q4 #ajee4 ,why does the ,church use ,sacramentals8 ,a4 ,the ,church uses ,sacramentals to teach the faithful of every class the truths of religion1 which they may learn as well by their sight as by their hearing2 for ,god wishes us to learn ,his laws by every possible means1 by every power of soul and body4 ,q4 #ajef4 ,show by an example how ,sacramentals aid the ignorant in learning the truths of faith4 ,a4 ,sacramentals aid the ignorant in learning the truths of faith as children learn from pictures before they are able to read4 ,thus one who cannot read the account of ,our ,lord's passion may learn it from the ,stations of the ,cross1 and one who kneels before a crucifix and looks on the bleeding head1 pierced hands and wounded side1 is better able to understand ,christ's sufferings than one without a crucifix before him4 ,q4 #ajeg4 ,what are the ,stations or ,way of the ,cross8 ,a4 ,the ,stations or ,way of the ,cross is a devotion instituted by the ,church to aid us in meditating on ,christ's passion and death4 ,fourteen crosses or stations1 each with a picture of some scene in the passion1 are arranged at distances apart4 ,by passing from one station to another and praying before each while we meditate upon the scene it represents1 we make the ,way of the ,cross in memory of ,christ's painful journey during ,his passion1 and we gain the indulgence granted for this pious exercise4 ,q4 #ajeh4 ,are prayers and ceremonies of the ,church also ,sacramentals8 ,a4 ,prayers and ceremonies of the ,church are also ,sacramentals because they excite good thoughts and increase devotion4 ,whatever the ,church dedicates to a pious use or devotes to the worship of ,god may be called a ,sacramental4 ,q4 #ajei4 ,on what ground does the ,church make use of ceremonies8 ,a4 ,the ,church makes use of ceremonies 7#a7 ,after the example of the ,old ,law1 in which ,god described and commanded ceremonies2 7#b7 after the example of ,our ,lord1 who rubbed clay on the eyes of the blind to whom ,he wished to restore sight1 though ,he might have performed the miracle without any external act2 7#c7 on the authority of the ,church itself1 to whom ,christ gave power to do whatever was necessary for the instruction of all men2 7#d7 to add solemnity to religious acts4 ,q4 #ajfj4 ,how may persons sin in using ,sacramentals8 ,a4 ,persons may sin in using ,sacramentals by using them in a way or for a purpose prohibited by the ,church2 also by believing that the use of ,sacramentals will save us in spite of our sinful lives4 ,we must remember that ,sacramentals can aid us only through the blessing the ,church gives them and through the good dispositions they excite in us4 ,they have1 therefore1 no power in themselves1 and to put too much confidence in their use leads to superstition4 ,q4 #ajfa4 #bic ,what is the difference between the ,sacraments and the sacramentals8 ,a4 ,the difference between the ,sacraments and the sacramentals is3 #ast4 ,the ,sacraments were instituted by ,jesus ,christ and the sacramentals were instituted by the ,church2 #b;d4 ,the ,sacraments give grace of themselves when we place no obstacle in the way2 the sacramentals excite in us pious dispositions1 by means of which we may obtain grace4 ,q4 #ajfb4 ,may the ,church increase or diminish the number of ,sacraments and ,sacramentals8 ,a4 ,the ,church can never increase nor diminish the number of ,sacraments1 for as ,christ ,himself instituted them1 ,he alone has power to change their number2 but the ,church may increase or diminish the number of the ,sacramentals as the devotion of its people or the circumstances of the time and place require1 for since the ,church instituted them they must depend entirely upon its laws4 ,q4 #ajfc4 #bid ,which is the chief sacramental used in the ,church8 ,a4 ,the chief sacramental used in the ,church is the sign of the cross4 ,q4 #ajfd4 #bie ,how do we make the sign of the cross8 ,a4 ,we make the sign of the cross by putting the right hand to the forehead1 then on the breast1 and then to the left and right shoulders1 saying1 ,in the name of the ,father1 and of the ,son1 and of the ,holy ,ghost1 ,amen4 ,q4 #ajfe4 ,what is a common fault with many in blessing themselves8 ,a4 ,a common fault with many in blessing themselves is to make a hurried motion with the hand which is in no way a sign of the cross4 ,they perform this act of devotion without thought or intention1 forgetting that the ,church grants an indulgence to all who bless themselves properly while they have sorrow for their sins4 ,q4 #ajff4 #bif ,why do we make the sign of the cross8 ,a4 ,we make the sign of the cross to show that we are ,christians and to profess our belief in the chief mysteries of our religion4 ,q4 #ajfg4 #big ,how is the sign of the cross a profession of faith in the chief mysteries of our religion8 ,a4 ,the sign of the cross is a profession of faith in the chief mysteries of our religion because it expresses the mysteries of the ,unity and ,trinity of ,god and of the ,incarnation and death of our ,lord4 ,q4 #ajfh4 #bih ,how does the sign of the cross express the mystery of the ,unity and ,trinity of ,god8 ,a4 ,the words1 ,in the name1 express the ,unity of ,god2 the words that follow1 of the ,father1 and of the ,son1 and of the ,holy ,ghost1 express the mystery of the ,trinity4 ,q4 #ajfi4 #bii ,how does the sign of the cross express the mystery of the ,incarnation and death of our ,lord8 ,a4 ,the sign of the cross expresses the mystery of the ,incarnation by reminding us that the ,son of ,god1 having become man1 suffered death on the cross4 ,q4 #ajgj4 #cjj ,what other sacramental is in very frequent use8 ,a4 ,another sacramental in very frequent use is holy water4 ,q4 #ajga4 #cja ,what is holy water8 ,a4 ,holy water is water blessed by the priest with solemn prayer to beg ,god's blessing on those who use it1 and protection from the powers of darkness4 ,q4 #ajgb4 ,how does the water blessed on ,holy ,saturday1 or ,easter ,water1 as it is called1 differ from the holy water blessed at other times8 ,a4 ,the water blessed on ,holy ,saturday1 or ,easter ,water1 as it is called1 differs from the holy water blessed at other times in this1 that the ,easter water is blessed with greater solemnity1 the paschal candle1 which represents ,our ,lord risen from the dead1 having been dipped into it with a special prayer4 ,q4 #ajgc4 ,is water ever blessed in honor of certain saints8 ,a4 ,water is sometimes blessed in honor of certain saints and for special purposes4 ,the form of prayer to be used in such blessings is found in the ,roman ,ritual--the book containing prayers and ceremonies for the administration of the ,sacraments and of blessings authorized by the ,church4 ,q4 #ajgd4 #cjb ,are there other sacramentals besides the sign of the cross and holy water8 ,a4 ,beside the sign of the cross and holy water there are many other sacramentals1 such as blessed candles1 ashes1 palms1 crucifixes1 images of the ,blessed ,virgin and of the saints1 rosaries1 and scapulars4 ,q4 #ajge4 ,when are candles blessed in the ,church and why are they used8 ,a4 ,candles are blessed in the ,church on the feast of the ,purification of the ,blessed ,virgin--,february #bnd4 ,they are used chiefly to illuminate and ornament our altars1 as a mark of reverence for the presence of ,our ,lord and of joy at ,his coming4 ,q4 #ajgf4 ,what praiseworthy custom is now in use in many places8 ,a4 ,a praiseworthy custom now in use in many places is the offering by the faithful on the feast of the ,purification of candles for the use of the altar during the year4 ,it is pleasing to think we have candles burning in our name on the altar of ,god1 and if the ,jewish people yearly made offerings to their temple1 faithful ,christians should not neglect their altars and churches where ,god ,himself dwells4 ,q4 #ajgg4 ,when are ashes blessed in the ,church and why are they used8 ,a4 ,ashes are blessed in the ,church on ,ash ,wednesday4 ,they are used to keep us in mind of our humble origin1 and of how the body of ,adam1 our forefather1 was formed out of the slime or clay of the earth2 also to remind us of death1 when our bodies will return to dust1 and of the necessity of doing penance for our sins4 ,these ashes are obtained by burning the blessed palms of the previous year4 ,q4 #ajgh4 ,when are palms blessed and of what do they remind us8 ,a4 ,palms are blessed on ,palm ,sunday4 ,they remind us of ,our ,lord's triumphal entry into ,jerusalem1 when the people1 wishing to honor ,him and make ,him king1 strewed palm branches and even their own garments in ,his path1 singing3 ,hosanna to the ,son of ,david4 ,q4 #ajgi4 ,what is the difference between a cross and a crucifix8 ,a4 ,a cross has no figure on it and a crucifix has a figure of ,our ,lord4 ,the word crucifix means fixed or nailed to the cross4 ,q4 #ajhj4 ,what is the ,rosary8 ,a4 ,the ,rosary is a form of prayer in which we say a certain number of ,our ,fathers and ,hail ,marys1 meditating or thinking for a short time before each decade2 that is1 before each ,our ,father and ten ,hail ,marys1 on some particular event in the life of ,our ,lord4 ,these events are called mysteries of the ,rosary4 ,the string of beads on which these prayers are said is also called a ,rosary4 ,the ordinary beads are of five decades1 or one-third of the whole ,rosary4 ,q4 #ajha4 ,who taught the use of the ,rosary in its present form8 ,a4 ,st4 ,dominic taught the use of the ,rosary in its present form4 ,by it he instructed his hearers in the chief truths of our holy religion and converted many to the true faith4 ,q4 #ajhb4 ,how do we say the ,rosary1 or beads8 ,a4 ,to say the ,rosary or beads we bless ourselves with the cross1 then say the ,apostles' ,creed and the ,our ,father on the first large bead1 then the ,hail ,mary on each of the three small beads1 and then ,glory be to the ,father1 c4 ,then we mention or think of the first mystery we wish to honor1 and say an ,our ,father on the large bead and a ,hail ,mary on each small bead of the ten that follow4 ,at the end of every decade1 or ten ,hail ,marys1 we say ,glory be to the ,father2 c4 ,then we mention the next mystery and do as before1 and so on to the end4 ,q4 #ajhc4 ,how many mysteries of the ,rosary are there8 ,a4 ,there are fifteen mysteries of the ,rosary arranged in the order in which these events occurred in the life of ,our ,lord1 and divided into five joyful1 five sorrowful1 and five glorious mysteries4 ,q4 #ajhd4 ,say the five joyful mysteries of the ,rosary4 ,a4 ,the five joyful mysteries of the ,rosary are3 7#a7 ,the ,annunciation--the ,angel ,gabriel telling the ,blessed ,virgin that she is to be the ,mother of ,god2 7#b7 the ,visitation--the ,blessed ,virgin goes to visit her cousin1 ,st4 ,elizabeth1 the mother of ,st4 ,john the ,baptist2 7#c7 the ,nativity1 or birth1 of ,our ,lord2 7#d7 the ,presentation of the ,child ,jesus in the temple--,his parents offered ,him to ,god2 7#e7 the finding of the ,child ,jesus in the temple--,his parents had lost ,him in ,jerusalem for three days4 ,q4 #ajhe4 ,say the five sorrowful mysteries of the ,rosary4 ,a4 ,the five sorrowful mysteries of the ,rosary are3 7#a7 ,the ,agony in the ,garden--,our ,lord was in dreadful anguish and bathed in a bloody sweat2 7#b7 the ,scourging at the ,pillar--,christ was stripped of ,his garments and lashed in a cruel manner2 7#c7 the ,crowning with ,thorns--,he was mocked as a king by heartless men2 7#d7 the ,carriage of the ,cross--from the place ,he was condemned to ,calvary1 the place of ,crucifixion2 7#e7 the ,crucifixion--,he was nailed to the cross amid the jeers and blasphemies of ,his enemies4 ,q4 #ajhf4 ,say the five glorious mysteries of the ,rosary4 ,a4 ,the five glorious mysteries of the ,rosary are3 7#a7 ,the ,resurrection of ,our ,lord2 7#b7 the ,ascension of ,our ,lord2 7#c7 ,the ,coming of the ,holy ,ghost upon the ,apostles2 7#d7 the ,assumption of the ,blessed ,virgin--after death she was taken body and soul into heaven2 7#e7 the ,coronation of the ,blessed ,virgin--on entering heaven she was made queen of all the ,angels and ,saints and placed in dignity next to her ,divine ,son1 ,our ,blessed ,lord4 ,q4 #ajhg4 ,on what days1 according to the pious custom of the faithful1 are the different mysteries of the ,rosary usually said8 ,a4 ,according to the pious custom of the faithful1 the different mysteries of the ,rosary are usually said on the following days1 namely3 the joyful on ,mondays and ,thursdays1 the sorrowful on ,tuesdays and ,fridays1 and the glorious on ,sundays1 ,wednesdays and ,saturdays4 ,q4 #ajhh4 ,what do the letters ,i4,n4,r4,i4 over the crucifix mean8 ,a4 ,the letters ,i4,n4,r4,i4 over the crucifix are the first letters of four ,latin words that mean ,jesus of ,nazareth1 ,king of the ,jews4 ,our ,lord did say ,he was king of the ,jews1 but ,he also said that ,he was not their temporal or earthly king1 but their spiritual and heavenly king4 ,q4 #ajhi4 ,to what may we attribute the desire of the ,jews to put ,christ to death8 ,a4 ,we may attribute the desire of the ,jews to put ,christ to death to the jealously1 hatred and ill-will of their priests and the ,pharisees1 whose faults ,he rebuked and whose hypocrisy ,he exposed4 ,by their slanders and lies they induced the people to follow them in demanding ,our ,lord's crucifixion4 ,q4 #ajij4 ,with whom did the ,blessed ,virgin live after the death of ,our ,lord8 ,a4 ,after the death of ,our ,lord the ,blessed ,virgin lived for about eleven years with the ,apostle ,st4 ,john the ,evangelist1 called also the ,beloved ,disciple4 ,he wrote one of the four ,gospels1 three ,epistles1 and the ,apocalypse1 or ,book of ,revelations--the last book of the ,bible4 ,he lived to the age of a hundred years or more and died last of all the apostles4 ,q4 #ajia4 ,what do we mean by the ,assumption of the ,blessed ,virgin1 and why do we believe in it8 ,a4 ,by the ,assumption of the ,blessed ,virgin we mean that her body was taken up into heaven after her death4 ,we believe in it3 7#a7 ,because the ,church cannot teach error1 and yet from an early age the ,church has celebrated the ,feast of the ,assumption2 7#b7 because no one ever claimed to have a relic of our ,blessed ,mother's body1 and surely the apostles1 who knew and loved her1 would have secured some relic had her body remained upon earth4 ,q4 #ajib4 ,what do the letters ,i4,h4,s4 on an altar or sacred things mean8 ,a4 ,the letters ,i4,h4,s4 on an altar or sacred things mean the name ,jesus2 for it is in that way the ,holy ,name is written in the ,greek language when some of the letters are left out4 ,q4 #ajic4 ,what is the scapular1 and why is it worn8 ,a4 ,the scapular is a long1 broad piece of woolen cloth forming a part of the religious dress of monks1 priests and sisters of some religious orders4 ,it is worn over the shoulders and extends from the shoulders to the feet4 ,the small scapular made in imitation of it1 and consisting of two small pieces of cloth fastened together by strings1 is worn by the faithful as a promise or proof of their willingness to practice some particular devotion1 indicated by the kind of scapular they wear4 ,q4 #ajid4 ,how many kinds of scapulars are there in use among the faithful8 ,a4 ,among the faithful there are many kinds of scapulars in use1 such as the brown scapular or scapular of ,mount ,carmel worn in honor of ,our ,lord's passion2 the white1 in honor of the ,holy ,trinity2 the blue1 in honor of the ,immaculate ,conception2 and the black1 in honor of the seven dolors of the ,blessed ,virgin4 ,when these are joined together and worn as one they are called the five scapulars4 ,the brown scapular is best known and entitles its wearer to the greatest privileges and indulgences4 ,q4 #ajie4 ,what are the seven dolors of the ,blessed ,virgin8 ,a4 ,the seven dolors of the ,blessed ,virgin are the chief sorrowful events in the life of ,our ,blessed ,lady4 ,they are 7#a7 ,the ,circumcision of ,our ,lord--when she saw ,his blood shed for the first time2 7#b7 her flight into ,egypt--to save the life of the ,infant ,jesus1 when ,herod sought to kill ,him2 7#c7 the three days she lost her ,son in ,jerusalem2 7#d7 when she saw ,him carrying the cross2 7#e7 when she saw ,him die2 7#f7 when ,his dead body was taken down from the cross2 7#g7 when it was laid in the sepulchre or tomb4 ,q4 #ajif4 ,what are the seven dolor beads1 and how do we say them8 ,a4 ,seven dolor beads are beads constructed with seven medals1 each bearing a representation of one of the seven dolors1 and seven beads between each medal and the next4 ,at each medal we meditate on the proper dolor and the say a ,hail ,mary on each of the bead following it4 ,q4 #ajig4 ,what is an ,agnus ,dei8 ,a4 ,an ,agnus ,dei is a small piece of beeswax stamped with the image of a lamb and cross4 ,it is solemnly blessed by the ,pope with special prayers for those who carry it about their person in honor of ,our ,blessed ,redeemer1 whom we call the ,lamb of ,god1 ,who taketh away the sins of the world4 ,the wax is usually covered with silk or some fine material4 ,,lesson ,,twenty-,,eighth4 ,,on ,,prayer4 ,q4 #ajih4 #cjc ,is there any other means of obtaining ,god's grace than the ,sacraments8 ,a4 ,there is another means of obtaining ,god's grace1 and it is prayer4 ,q4 #ajii4 #cjd ,what is prayer8 ,a4 ,prayer is the lifting up of our minds and hearts to ,god1 to adore ,him1 to thank ,him for ,his benefits1 to ask ,his forgiveness1 and to beg of ,him all the graces we need whether for soul or body4 ,q4 #aajj4 ,how many kinds of prayer are there8 ,a4 ,there are two kinds of prayer3 7#a7 ,mental prayer1 called meditation1 in which we spend the time thinking of ,god or of one or more of the truths ,he has revealed1 that by these thoughts we may be persuaded to lead holier lives2 7#b7 vocal prayer1 in which we express these pious thoughts in words4 ,q4 #aaja4 ,why is mental prayer most useful to us8 ,a4 ,mental prayer is most useful to us because it compels us1 while we are engaged in it1 to keep our attention fixed on ,god and ,his holy laws and to keep our hearts and minds lifted up to ,him4 ,q4 #aajb4 ,how can we make a meditation8 ,a4 ,we can make a meditation 7#a7 ,by remembering that we are in the presence of ,god2 7#b7 by asking the ,holy ,ghost to give us grace to benefit by the meditation2 7#c7 by reflecting seriously on some sacred truth regarding our salvation2 7#d7 by drawing some good resolution from the thoughts we have had2 and 7#e7 by thanking ,god for the knowledge and grace bestowed on us through the meditation4 ,q4 #aajc4 ,where may we find subjects or points for meditation8 ,a4 ,we may find the subjects or points for meditation in the words of the ,our ,father1 ,hail ,mary or ,apostles' ,creed2 also in the questions and answers of our ,catechism1 in the ,holy ,bible1 and in books of meditation4 ,q4 #aajd4 #cje ,is prayer necessary to salvation8 ,a4 ,prayer is necessary to salvation1 and without it no one having the use of reason can be saved4 ,q4 #aaje4 #cjf ,at what particular times should we pray8 ,a4 ,we should pray particularly on ,sundays and holy days1 every morning and night1 in all dangers1 temptations1 and afflictions4 ,q4 #aajf4 #cjg ,how should we pray8 ,a4 ,we should pray3 #ast4 ,with attention2 #b;d4 ,with a sense of our own helplessness and dependence upon ,god2 #c;d4 ,with a great desire for the graces we beg of ,god2 #dth4 ,with trust in ,god's goodness2 #eth4 ,with perseverance4 ,q4 #aajg4 ,what should our attention at prayer be8 ,a4 ,our attention at prayer should be threefold1 namely1 attention to the words1 that we may say them correctly and distinctly2 attention to their meaning1 if we understand it1 and attention to ,god1 to whom the words are addressed4 ,q4 #aajh4 ,what should be the position of the body when we pray8 ,a4 ,at prayer the most becoming position of the body is kneeling upright1 but whether we pray kneeling1 standing or sitting1 the position of the body should always be one indicating reverence1 respect and devotion4 ,we may pray even lying down or walking1 for ,our ,lord ,himself says we should pray at all times4 ,q4 #aaji4 ,what should we do that we may pray well8 ,a4 ,that we may pray well we should make a preparation before prayer3 7#a7 ,by calling to mind the dignity of ,god1 to whom we are about to speak1 and our own unworthiness to appear in ,his presence2 7#b7 by fixing upon the precise grace or blessing for which we intend to ask2 7#c7 by remembering ,god's power and willingness to give if we truly need and earnestly1 humbly and confidently ask4 ,q4 #aaaj4 ,why does ,god not always grant our prayers8 ,a4 ,god does not always grant our prayers for these and other reasons3 7#a7 ,because we may not pray in the proper manner2 7#b7 that we may learn our dependence on ,him1 prove our confidence in ,him1 and merit rewards by our patience and perseverance in prayer4 ,prudent persons do not grant every request2 why1 then1 should ,god do so8 ,q4 #aaaa4 ,what assurance have we that ,god always hears and rewards our prayers1 though ,he may not grant what we ask8 ,a4 ,we have the assurance of ,our ,lord ,himself that ,god always hears and rewards our prayers1 though ,he may not grant what we ask2 for ,christ said3 ,ask and it shall be given you1 and if you ask the ,father anything in ,my name1 ,he will give it to you4 ,q4 #aaab4 #cjh ,which are the prayers most recommended to us8 ,a4 ,the prayers most recommended to us are the ,lord's ,prayer1 the ,hail ,mary1 the ,apostles' ,creed1 the ,confiteor1 and the ,acts of ,faith1 ,hope1 ,love1 and ,contrition4 ,q4 #aaac4 #cji ,are prayers said with distractions of any avail8 ,a4 ,prayers said with wilful distraction are of no avail4 ,q4 #aaad4 ,why are prayers said with wilful distraction of no avail8 ,a4 ,prayers said with wilful distraction are of no avail because they are mere words1 such as a machine might utter1 and since there is no lifting up of the mind or heart with them they cannot be prayer4 ,q4 #aaae4 ,do1 then1 the distractions which we often have at prayer deprive our prayers of all merit8 ,a4 ,the distractions which we often have at prayer do not deprive our prayers of all merit1 because they are not wilful when we try to keep them away1 for ,god rewards our good intentions and the efforts we make to pray well4 ,q4 #aaaf4 ,what1 then1 is a distraction8 ,a4 ,a distraction is any thought that1 during prayer1 enters our mind to turn our thoughts and hearts from ,god and from the sacred duty we are performing4 ,q4 #aaag4 ,what are the fruits of prayer8 ,a4 ,the fruits of prayer are3 ,it strengthens our faith1 nourishes our hope1 increases our love for ,god1 keeps us humble1 merits grace and atones for sin4 ,q4 #aaah4 ,why should we pray when ,god knows our needs8 ,a4 ,we pray not to remind ,god or tell ,him of what we need1 but to acknowledge that ,he is the ,supreme ,giver1 to adore and worship ,him by showing our entire dependence upon ,him for every gift to soul or body4 ,q4 #aaai4 ,what little prayers may we say even at work8 ,a4 ,even at work we may say little aspirations such as ,my ,god1 pardon my sins2 ,blessed be the ,holy ,name of ,jesus2 ,holy ,spirit1 enlighten me2 ,holy ,mary1 pray for me1 c4 ,q4 #aabj4 ,did ,our ,lord ,himself pray1 and why8 ,a4 ,our ,lord ,himself very frequently prayed1 often spending the whole night in prayer4 ,he prayed before every important action1 not that ,he needed to pray1 but to set us an example of how and when we should pray4 ,q4 #aaba4 ,why does the ,church conclude most of its prayers with the words through ,jesus ,christ ,our ,lord8 ,a4 ,the ,church concludes most of its prayers with the words through ,jesus ,christ ,our ,lord because it is only through ,his merits that we can obtain grace1 and because there is no other name given to men whereby we must be saved4 ,q4 #aabb4 ,was any special promise made in favor of the united prayers of two or more persons8 ,a4 ,a special promise was made in favor of the united prayers of two or more persons when ,our ,lord said3 ,where there are two or three gathered together in ,my name1 there am ,i in the midst of them4 ,therefore1 the united prayers of a congregation1 sodality or family1 and1 above all1 the public prayers of the whole ,church1 have great influence with ,god4 ,we should join in public prayers out of true devotion1 and not from habit1 or1 worse1 to display our piety4 ,q4 #aabc4 ,what is the most suitable place for prayer8 ,a4 ,the most suitable place for prayer is in the ,church--the house of prayer--made holy by special blessings and1 above all1 by the ,real ,presence of ,jesus dwelling in the ,tabernacle4 ,still1 ,our ,lord exhorts us to pray also in secret1 for ,his ,father1 who seeth in secret1 will repay us4 ,q4 #aabd4 ,for what should we pray8 ,a4 ,we should pray 7#a7 ,for ourselves1 for the blessings of soul and body that we may be devoted servants of ,god2 7#b7 for the ,church1 for all spiritual and temporal wants1 that the true faith may be everywhere known and professed2 7#c7 for our relatives1 friends and benefactors1 particularly for those we may in any way have injured2 7#d7 for all men1 for the protection of the good and conversion of the wicked1 that virtue may flourish and vice disappear2 7#e7 for our spiritual rulers1 the ,pope1 our bishops1 priests and religious communities1 that they may faithfully perform their sacred duties2 7#f7 for our country and temporal rulers1 that they may use their power for the good of their subjects and for the honor and glory of ,god4 ,,lesson ,,twenty-,,ninth4 ,,on ,,the ,,commandments ,,of ,,god4 ,q4 #aabe4 #caj ,is it enough to belong to ,god's ,church in order to be saved8 ,a4 ,it is not enough to belong to the ,church in order to be saved1 but we must also keep the ,commandments of ,god and of the ,church4 ,q4 #aabf4 ,are not the commandments of the ,church also commandments of ,god8 ,a4 ,the commandments of the ,church are also commandments of ,god1 for they are made by ,his authority and under the guidance of the ,holy ,ghost2 nevertheless1 the ,church can change or abolish its own commandments1 while it cannot change or abolish the commandments given directly by ,god ,himself4 ,q4 #aabg4 #caa ,which are the ,commandments that contain the whole law of ,god8 ,a4 ,the ,commandments which contain the whole law of ,god are these two3 #ast4 ,thou shalt love the ,lord thy ,god with thy whole heart1 with thy whole soul1 with thy whole strength1 and with thy whole mind2 #b4 ,thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself4 ,q4 #aabh4 #cab ,why do these two ,commandments of the love of ,god and of our neighbor contain the whole law of ,god8 ,a4 ,these two ,commandments of the love of ,god and of our neighbor contain the whole law of ,god because all the other ,commandments are given either to help us to keep these two1 or to direct us how to shun what is opposed to them4 ,q4 #aabi4 ,explain further how the two commandments of the love of ,god and of our neighbor contain the teaching of the whole ten commandments4 ,a4 ,the two commandments of the love of ,god and of our neighbor contain the teaching of the whole ten commandments because the first three of the ten commandments refer to ,god and oblige us to worship ,him alone1 respect ,his name and serve ,him as ,he wills1 and these things we will do if we love ,him2 secondly1 the last seven of the ten commandments refer to our neighbor and forbid us to injure him in body1 soul1 goods or reputation1 and if we love him we will do him no injury in any of these1 but1 on the contrary1 aid him as far as we can4 ,q4 #aacj4 #cac ,which are the ,commandments of ,god8 ,a4 ,the ,commandments of ,god are these ten3 #a4 ,i am the ,lord thy ,god1 who brought thee out of the land of ,egypt1 out of the house of bondage4 ,thou shalt not have strange gods before me4 ,thou shalt not make to thyself a graven thing1 nor the likeness of any thing that is in heaven above1 or in the earth beneath1 nor of those things that are in the waters under the earth4 ,thou shalt not adore them1 nor serve them4 #b4 ,thou shalt not take the name of the ,lord thy ,god in vain4 #c4 ,remember thou keep holy the ,sabbath day4 #d4 ,honor thy father and thy mother4 #e4 ,thou shalt not kill4 #f4 ,thou shalt not commit adultery4 #g4 ,thou shalt not steal4 #h4 ,thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor4 #i4 ,thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's wife4 #aj4 ,thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's goods4 ,q4 #aaca4 ,what does the first commandment mean by a graven thing or the likeness of anything in heaven1 in the earth or in the waters8 ,a4 ,the first commandment means by a graven thing or the likeness of anything in heaven1 in the earth or in the waters1 the statue1 picture or image of any creature in heaven or of any animal on land or in water intended for an idol and to be worshipped as a god4 ,q4 #aacb4 #cad ,who gave the ,ten ,commandments8 ,a4 ,god ,himself gave the ,ten ,commandments to ,moses on ,mount ,sinai1 and ,christ our ,lord confirmed them4 ,q4 #aacc4 ,how and when were the ,commandments given to ,moses8 ,a4 ,the ,commandments1 written on two tables of stone1 were given to ,moses in the midst of fire and smoke1 thunder and lightning1 from which ,god spoke to him on the mountain1 about fifty days after the ,israelites were delivered from the bondage of ,egypt and while they were on their journey through the desert to the ,promised ,land4 ,q4 #aacd4 ,what do we mean when we say ,christ confirmed the ,commandments8 ,a4 ,when we say ,christ confirmed the ,commandments we mean that ,he strongly approved them1 and gave us by ,his teaching a fuller and clearer knowledge of their meaning and importance4 ,q4 #aace4 ,was anyone obliged to keep the ,commandments before they were given to ,moses8 ,a4 ,all persons1 from the beginning of the world1 were obliged to keep the ,commandments1 for it was always sinful to blaspheme ,god1 murder1 steal or violate any of the ,commandments1 though they were not written till the time of ,moses4 ,q4 #aacf4 ,how many kinds of laws had the ,jews before the coming of ,our ,lord8 ,a4 ,before the coming of ,our ,lord the ,jews had three kinds of laws3 7#a7 ,civil laws1 regulating the affairs of their nation2 7#b7 ceremonial laws1 governing their worship in the temple2 7#c7 moral laws1 guiding their religious belief and actions4 ,q4 #aacg4 ,to which of these laws did the ,ten ,commandments belong8 ,a4 ,the ,ten ,commandments belong to the moral law1 because they are a compendium or short account of what we must do in order to save our souls2 just as the ,apostles' ,creed is a compendium of what we must believe4 ,q4 #aach4 ,when did the civil and ceremonial laws of the ,jews cease to exist8 ,a4 ,the civil laws of the ,jews ceased to exist when the ,jewish people1 shortly before the coming of ,christ1 ceased to be an independent nation4 ,the ceremonial laws ceased to exist when the ,jewish religion ceased to be the true religion2 that is1 when ,christ established the ,christian religion1 of which the ,jewish religion was only a figure or promise4 ,q4 #aaci4 ,why were not also the moral laws of the ,jews abolished when the ,christian religion was established8 ,a4 ,the moral laws of the ,jews could not be abolished by the establishment of the ,christian religion because they regard truth and virtue and have been revealed by ,god1 and whatever ,god has revealed as true must be always true1 and whatever ,he has condemned as bad in itself must be always bad4 ,,lesson ,,thirtieth4 ,,on ,,the ,,first ,,commandment4 ,q4 #aadj4 #cae ,what is the first ,commandment8 ,a4 ,the first ,commandment is3 ,i am the ,lord thy ,god3 thou shalt not have strange gods before me4 ,q4 #aada4 ,what does the commandment mean by strange gods8 ,a4 ,by strange gods the commandment means idols or false gods1 which the ,israelites frequently worshipped when1 through their sins1 they had abandoned the true ,god4 ,q4 #aadb4 ,how may we1 in a sense1 worship strange gods8 ,a4 ,we1 in a sense1 may worship strange gods by giving up the salvation of our souls for wealth1 honors1 society1 worldly pleasures1 c41 so that we would offend ,god1 renounce our faith or give up the practice of our religion for their sake4 ,q4 #aadc4 #caf ,how does the first ,commandment help us to keep the great ,commandment of the love of ,god8 ,a4 ,the first ,commandment helps us to keep the great ,commandment of the love of ,god because it commands us to adore ,god alone4 ,q4 #aadd4 #cag ,how do we adore ,god8 ,a4 ,we adore ,god by faith1 hope1 and charity1 by prayer and sacrifice4 ,q4 #aade4 ,by what prayers do we adore ,god8 ,a4 ,we adore ,god by all our prayers1 but in particular by the public prayers of the ,church1 and1 above all1 by the ,holy ,sacrifice of the ,mass4 ,q4 #aadf4 #cah ,how may the first ,commandment be broken8 ,a4 ,the first ,commandment make be broken by giving to a creature the honor which belongs to ,god alone2 by false worship2 and by attributing to a creature a perfection which belongs to ,god alone4 ,q4 #aadg4 ,what is the honor which belongs to ,god alone8 ,a4 ,the honor which belongs to ,god alone is a divine honor1 in which we offer ,him sacrifice1 incense or prayer1 solely for ,his own sake and for ,his own glory4 ,to give such honor to any creature1 however holy1 would be idolatry4 ,q4 #aadh4 ,how do we offer ,god false worship8 ,a4 ,we offer ,god false worship by rejecting the religion ,he has instituted and following one pleasing to ourselves1 with a form of worship ,he has never authorized1 approved or sanctioned4 ,q4 #aadi4 ,why must we serve ,god in the form of religion ,he has instituted and in no other8 ,a4 ,we must serve ,god in the form of religion ,he has instituted and in no other1 because heaven is not a right1 but a promised reward1 a free gift of ,god1 which we must merit in the manner ,he directs and pleases4 ,q4 #aaej4 ,when do we attribute to a creature a perfection which belongs to ,god alone8 ,a4 ,we attribute to a creature a perfection which belongs to ,god alone when we believe it possesses knowledge or power independently of ,god1 so that it may1 without ,his aid1 make known the future or perform miracles4 ,q4 #aaea4 #cai ,do those who make use of spells and charms1 or who believe in dreams1 in mediums1 spiritists1 fortune-tellers1 and the like1 sin against the first ,commandment8 ,a4 ,those who make use of spells and charms1 or who believe in dreams1 in mediums1 spiritists1 fortune-tellers1 and the like1 sin against the first ,commandment1 because they attribute to creatures perfections which belong to ,god alone4 ,q4 #aaeb4 ,what are spells and charms8 ,a4 ,spells and charms are certain words1 by the saying of which superstitious persons believe they can avert evil1 bring good fortune or produce some supernatural or wonderful effect4 ,they may be also objects or articles worn about the body for the same purpose4 ,q4 #aaec4 ,are not ,agnus ,deis1 medals1 scapulars1 c41 which we wear about our bodies also charms8 ,a4 ,agnus ,deis1 medals1 scapulars1 c41 which we wear about our bodies1 are not charms1 for we do not expect any help from these things themselves1 but1 through the blessing they have received from the ,church1 we expect help from ,god1 the ,blessed ,mother1 or the ,saint in whose honor we wear them4 ,on the contrary1 they who wear charms expect help from the charms themselves1 or from some evil spirit4 ,q4 #aaed4 ,what must we carefully guard against in all our devotions and religious practices8 ,a4 ,in all our devotions and religious practices we must carefully guard against expecting ,god to perform miracles when natural causes may bring about what we hope for4 ,god will sometimes miraculously help us1 but1 as a rule1 only when all natural means have failed4 ,q4 #aaee4 ,what are dreams and why is it forbidden to believe in them8 ,a4 ,dreams are the thoughts we have in sleep1 when our will is unable to guide them4 ,it is forbidden to believe in them1 because they are often ridiculous1 unreasonable1 or wicked1 and are not governed by either reason or faith4 ,q4 #aaef4 ,are bad dreams sinful in themselves8 ,a4 ,bad dreams are not sinful in themselves1 because we cannot prevent them1 but we may make them sinful 7#a7 ,by taking pleasure in them when we awake1 and 7#b7 by bad reading or immodest books1 thoughts1 word or actions before going to sleep2 for by any of these things we may make ourselves responsible for the bad dreams4 ,q4 #aaeg4 ,did not ,god frequently in the ,old ,law make use of dreams as a means of making known ,his will8 ,a4 ,god did frequently in the ,old ,law make use of dreams as a means of making known ,his ,will2 but on such occasions ,he always gave proof that what ,he made known was not a mere dream1 but rather a revelation or inspiration4 ,he no longer makes use of such means1 for ,he now makes known ,his will through the inspiration of ,his ,church4 ,q4 #aaeh4 ,what are mediums and spiritists8 ,a4 ,mediums and spiritists are persons who pretend to converse with the dead or with spirits of the other world4 ,they pretend also to give this power to others1 that they may know what is going on in heaven1 purgatory or hell4 ,q4 #aaei4 ,what other practice is very dangerous to faith and morals8 ,a4 ,another practice very dangerous to faith and morals is the use of mesmerism or hypnotism1 because it is liable to sinful abuses1 for it deprives a person for a time of the control of his reason and will and places his body and mind entirely in the power of another4 ,q4 #aafj4 ,what are fortune tellers8 ,a4 ,fortune tellers are imposters who1 learning the past1 or guessing at it1 pretend to know also the future and to be able to reveal it to anyone who pays for the knowledge4 ,they pretend also to know whatever concerns things lost or stolen1 and the secret thoughts1 actions or intentions of others4 ,q4 #aafa4 ,how do we1 by believing in spells1 charms1 mediums1 spiritists and fortune tellers1 attribute to creatures the perfections of ,god8 ,a4 ,by believing in spells1 charms1 mediums1 spiritists and fortune tellers we attribute to creatures the perfections of ,god because we expect these creatures to perform miracles1 reveal the hidden judgments of ,god1 and make known ,his designs for the future with regard to ,his creatures1 things that only ,god ,himself may do4 ,q4 #aafb4 ,is it sinful to consult mediums1 spiritists1 fortune tellers and the like when we do not believe in them1 but through mere curiosity to hear what they may say8 ,a4 ,it is sinful to consult mediums1 spiritists1 fortune tellers and the like even when we do not believe in them1 but through mere curiosity1 to hear what they may say1 7#a7 ,because it is wrong to expose ourselves to the danger of sinning even though we do not sin2 7#b7 because we may give scandal to others who are not certain that we go through mere curiosity2 7#c7 because by our pretended belief we encourage these impostors to continue their wicked practices4 ,q4 #aafc4 #cbj ,are sins against faith1 hope1 and charity also sins against the first ,commandment8 ,a4 ,sins against faith1 hope and charity are also sins against the first ,commandment4 ,q4 #aafd4 #cba ,how does a person sin against faith8 ,a4 ,a person sins against faith3 #ast1 ,by not trying to know what ,god has taught2 #b;d1 by refusing to believe all that ,god has taught2 #c;d1 by neglecting to profess his belief in what ,god has taught4 ,q4 #aafe4 #cbb ,how do we fail to try to know what ,god has taught8 ,a4 ,we fail to try to know what ,god has taught by neglecting to learn the ,christian doctrine4 ,q4 #aaff4 ,what means have we of learning the ,christian doctrine8 ,a4 ,we have many means of learning the ,christian doctrine3 ,in youth we have ,catechism and special instructions suited to our age2 later we have sermons1 missions1 retreats1 religious sodalities and societies through which we may learn4 ,at all times1 we have books of instruction1 and1 above all1 the priests of the ,church1 ever ready to teach us4 ,god will not excuse our ignorance if we neglect to learn our religion when ,he has given us the means4 ,q4 #aafg4 ,should we learn the ,christian doctrine merely for our own sake8 ,a4 ,we should learn the ,christian doctrine not merely for our own sake1 but for the sake also of others who may sincerely wish to learn from us the truths of our holy faith4 ,q4 #aafh4 ,how should such instruction be given to those who ask it of us8 ,a4 ,such instruction should be given to those who ask it of us in a kind and ,christian spirit1 without dispute or bitterness4 ,we should never attempt to explain the truths of our religion unless we are certain of what we say4 ,when we are unable to answer what is asked we should send those who inquire to the priest or to others better instructed than ourselves4 ,q4 #aafi4 #cbc ,who are they who do not believe all that ,god has taught8 ,a4 ,they who do not believe all that ,god has taught are the heretics and infidels4 ,q4 #aagj4 ,name the different classes of unbelievers and tell what they are4 ,a4 ,the different classes of unbelievers are 7#a7 ,atheists1 who deny there is a ,god2 7#b7 ,deists1 who admit there is a ,god1 but deny that ,he revealed a religion2 7#c7 ,agnostics1 who will neither admit nor deny the existence of ,god2 7#d7 ,infidels1 who have never been baptized1 and who1 through want of faith1 refuse to be baptized2 7#e7 ,heretics1 who have been baptized ,christians1 but do not believe all the articles of faith2 7#f7 ,schismatics1 who have been baptized and believe all the articles of faith1 but do not submit to the authority of the ,pope2 7#g7 ,apostates1 who have rejected the true religion1 in which they formerly believed1 to join a false religion2 7#h7 ,rationalists and ,materialists1 who believe only in material things4 ,q4 #aaga4 ,will the denial of only one article of faith make a person a heretic8 ,a4 ,the denial of only one article of faith will make a person a heretic and guilty of mortal sin1 because the ,holy ,scripture says3 ,whosoever shall keep the whole law but offend in one point is become guilty of all4 ,q4 #aagb4 ,what is an article of faith8 ,a4 ,an article of faith is a revealed truth so important and so certain that no one can deny or doubt it without rejecting the testimony of ,god4 ,the ,church very clearly points out what truths are articles of faith that we may distinguish them from pious beliefs and traditions1 so that no one can be guilty of the sin of heresy without knowing it4 ,q4 #aagc4 #cbd ,who are they who neglect to profess their belief in what ,god has taught8 ,a4 ,they who neglect to profess their belief in what ,god has taught are all those who fail to acknowledge the true ,church in which they really believe4 ,q4 #aagd4 ,how do persons who are members of the ,church neglect to profess their belief8 ,a4 ,persons who are members of the ,church neglect to profess their belief by living contrary to the teachings of the ,church3 that is1 by neglecting ,mass or the ,sacraments1 doing injury to their neighbor1 and disgracing their religion by sinful and scandalous lives4 ,q4 #aage4 ,what chiefly prevents persons who believe in the ,church from becoming members of it8 ,a4 ,a want of ,christian courage chiefly prevents persons who believe in the ,church from becoming members of it4 ,they fear too much the opinion or displeasure of others1 the loss of position or wealth1 and1 in general1 the trials they may have to suffer for the sake of the true faith4 ,q4 #aagf4 ,what does ,our ,lord say of those who neglect the true religion for the sake of relatives or friends1 or from fear of suffering8 ,a4 ,our ,lord says of those who neglect the true religion for the sake of relatives or friends1 or from fear of suffering3 ,he that loveth father or mother more than ,me1 is not worthy of ,me2 and he that loveth son or daughter more than ,me1 is not worthy of ,me2 also3 ,and whosoever does not carry his cross and come after ,me cannot be ,my disciple4 ,q4 #aagg4 ,what excuse do some give for neglecting to seek and embrace the true religion8 ,a4 ,some give as an excuse for neglecting to seek and embrace the true religion that we should live in the religion in which we were born1 and that one religion is as good as another if we believe we are serving ,god4 ,q4 #aagh4 ,how do we show that such an excuse is false and absurd8 ,a4 ,we show that such an excuse is false and absurd because 7#a7 ,it is false and absurd to say that we should remain in error after we have discovered it2 7#b7 because if one religion is as good as another1 ,our ,lord would not have abolished the ,jewish religion1 nor the apostles have preached against heresy4 ,q4 #aagi4 #cbe ,can they who fail to profess their faith in the true ,church in which they believe expect to be saved while in that state8 ,a4 ,they who fail to profess their faith in the true ,church in which they believe cannot expect to be saved while in that state1 for ,christ has said3 ,whosoever shall deny me before men1 ,i will also deny him before my ,father who is in heaven4 ,q4 #aahj4 #cbf ,are we obliged to make open profession of our faith8 ,a4 ,we are obliged to make open profession of our faith as often as ,god's honor1 our neighbor's spiritual good or our own requires it4 ,whosoever1 says ,christ1 shall confess me before men1 ,i will also confess him before my ,father who is in heaven4 ,q4 #aaha4 ,when does ,god's honor1 our neighbor's spiritual good1 or our own good require us to make an open profession of our faith8 ,a4 ,god's honor1 our neighbor's spiritual good1 or our own good requires us to make an open profession of our faith as often as we cannot conceal our religion without violating some law of ,god or of ,his ,church1 or without giving scandal to others or exposing ourselves to the danger of sinning4 ,pious practices not commanded may often be omitted without any denial of faith4 ,q4 #aahb4 #cbg ,which are the sins against hope8 ,a4 ,the sins against hope are presumption and despair4 ,q4 #aahc4 #cbh ,what is presumption8 ,a4 ,presumption is a rash expectation of salvation without making proper use of the necessary means to obtain it4 ,q4 #aahd4 ,how may we be guilty of presumption8 ,a4 ,we may be guilty of presumption 7#a7 ,by putting off confession when in a state of mortal sin2 7#b7 by delaying the amendment of our lives and repentance for past sins2 7#c7 by being indifferent about the number of times we yield to any temptation after we have once yielded and broken our resolution to resist it2 7#d7 by thinking we can avoid sin without avoiding its near occasion2 7#e7 by relying too much on ourselves and neglecting to follow the advice of our confessor in regard to the sins we confess4 ,q4 #aahe4 #cbi ,what is despair8 ,a4 ,despair is the loss of hope in ,god's mercy4 ,q4 #aahf4 ,how may we be guilty of despair8 ,a4 ,we may be guilty of despair by believing that we cannot resist certain temptations1 overcome certain sins or amend our lives so as to be pleasing to ,god4 ,q4 #aahg4 ,are all sins of presumption and despair equally great8 ,a4 ,all sins of presumption and despair are not equally great4 ,they may be very slight or very great in proportion to the degree in which we deny the justice or mercy of ,god4 ,q4 #aahh4 #ccj ,how do we sin against the love of ,god8 ,a4 ,we sin against the love of ,god by all sin1 but particularly by mortal sin4 ,,lesson ,,thirty-,,first4 ,,the ,,first ,,commandment--,,on ,,the ,,honor ,,and ,,invocation ,,of ,,the ,,saints4 ,q4 #aahi4 #cca ,does the first ,commandment forbid the honoring of the saints8 ,a4 ,the first ,commandment does not forbid the honoring of the saints1 but rather approves of it2 because by honoring the saints1 who are the chosen friends of ,god1 we honor ,god ,himself4 ,q4 #aaij4 ,what does invocation mean8 ,a4 ,invocation means calling upon another for help or protection1 particularly when we are in need or danger4 ,it is used specially with regard to calling upon ,god or the saints1 and hence it means prayer4 ,q4 #aaia4 ,how do we show that by honoring the ,saints we honor ,god ,himself8 ,a4 ,we honor the ,saints because they honor ,god4 ,therefore1 it is for ,his sake that we honor them1 and hence by honoring them we honor ,him4 ,q4 #aaib4 ,give another reason why we honor ,god by honoring the ,saints4 ,a4 ,another reason why we honor ,god by honoring the ,saints is this3 ,as we honor our country by honoring its heroes1 so do we honor our religion by honoring its ,saints4 ,by honoring our religion we honor ,god1 who taught it4 ,therefore1 by honoring the ,saints we honor ,god1 for love of whom they became religious heroes in their faith4 ,q4 #aaic4 #ccb ,does the first ,commandment forbid us to pray to the saints8 ,a4 ,the first ,commandment does not forbid us to pray to the saints4 ,q4 #aaid4 ,why does the first commandment not forbid us to pray to the ,saints8 ,a4 ,the first commandment does not forbid us to pray to the ,saints1 because if we are allowed to ask the prayers of our fellow-creatures upon earth we should be allowed also to ask the prayers of our fellow-creatures in heaven4 ,moreover1 the ,saints must have an interest in our welfare1 because whatever tends to make us good1 tends also to the glory of ,god4 ,q4 #aaie4 #ccc ,what do we mean by praying to the saints8 ,a4 ,by praying to the saints we mean the asking of their help and prayers4 ,q4 #aaif4 ,do we not slight ,god ,himself by addressing our prayers to saints8 ,a4 ,we do not slight ,god ,himself by addressing our prayers to saints1 but1 on the contrary1 show a greater respect for ,his majesty and sanctity1 acknowledging1 by our prayers to the saints1 that we are unworthy to address ,him for ourselves1 and that we1 therefore1 ask ,his holy friends to obtain for us what we ourselves are not worthy to ask4 ,q4 #aaig4 #ccd ,how do we know that the saints hear us8 ,a4 ,we know that the saints hear us1 because they are with ,god1 who makes our prayers known to them4 ,q4 #aaih4 #cce ,why do we believe that the saints will help us8 ,a4 ,we believe that the saints will help us because both they and we are members of the same ,church1 and they love us as their brethren4 ,q4 #aaii4 #ccf ,how are the saints and we members of the same ,church8 ,a4 ,the saints and we are members of the same ,church1 because the ,church in heaven and the ,church on earth are one and the same ,church1 and all its members are in communion with one another4 ,q4 #abjj4 #ccg ,what is the communion of the members of the ,church called8 ,a4 ,the communion of the members of the ,church is called the ,communion of ,saints4 ,q4 #abja4 #cch ,what does the communion of saints mean8 ,a4 ,the communion of saints means the union which exists between the members of the ,church on earth with one another1 and with the blessed in ,heaven1 and with the suffering souls in ,purgatory4 ,q4 #abjb4 #cci ,what benefits are derived from the communion of saints8 ,a4 ,the following benefits are derived from the communion of saints3 the faithful on earth assist one another by their prayers and good works1 and they are aided by the intercession of the saints in ,heaven1 while both the saints in ,heaven and the faithful on earth help the souls in ,purgatory4 ,q4 #abjc4 ,how can we best honor the ,saints1 and where shall we learn their virtues8 ,a4 ,we can best honor the ,saints by imitating their virtues1 and we shall learn their virtues from the written accounts of their lives4 ,among the ,saints we shall find models for every age1 condition or state of life4 ,q4 #abjd4 #cdj ,does the first ,commandment forbid us to honor relics8 ,a4 ,the first ,commandment does not forbid us to honor relics1 because relics are the bodies of the saints or objects directly connected with them or with our ,lord4 ,q4 #abje4 ,how many kinds or classes of relics are there8 ,a4 ,there are three kinds or classes of relics3 7#a7 ,the body or part of the body of a saint2 7#b7 articles1 such as clothing or books1 used by the saint2 7#c7 articles that have touched a relic of the body or other relic4 ,q4 #abjf4 ,what is there special about a relic of the true cross on which ,our ,lord ,died1 and also about the instruments of ,his ,passion8 ,a4 ,the relics of the true ,cross and relics of the thorns1 nails1 c41 used in the ,passion are entitled to a very special veneration1 and they have certain privileges with regard to their use and the manner of keeping them that other relics have not4 ,a relic of the true ,cross is never kept or carried with other relics4 ,q4 #abjg4 ,what veneration does the ,church permit us to give to relics8 ,a4 ,the ,church permits us to give relics a veneration similar to that we give images4 ,we do not venerate the relics for their own sake1 but for the sake of the persons they represent4 ,the souls of canonized saints are certainly in heaven1 and we are certain that their bodies also will be there4 ,therefore1 we may honor their bodies because they are to be glorified in heaven and were sanctified upon earth4 ,q4 #abjh4 ,what care does the ,church take in the examination and distribution of relics8 ,a4 ,the ,church takes the greatest care in the examination and distribution of relics4 7#a7 ,the canonization or beatification of the person whose relic we receive must be certain2 7#b7 the relics are sent in sealed packets1 that must be opened only by the bishop of the diocese to which the relics are sent1 and each relic or packet must be accompanied by a document or written paper proving its genuineness2 7#c7 the relics cannot be exposed for public veneration until the bishop examines them and pronounces them authentic2 that is1 that they are what they are claimed to be4 ,q4 #abji4 ,what should we be certain of before using any relic or giving it to another8 ,a4 ,before using any relic or giving it to another we should be certain that all the requirements of the ,church concerning it have been fulfilled1 and that the relic really is1 as far as it is possible for any one to know1 what we believe it to be4 ,q4 #abaj4 ,has ,god ,himself honored relics8 ,a4 ,god ,himself has frequently honored relics by permitting miracles to be wrought through them4 ,there is an example given in the ,bible1 in the ,,iv ,book of ,kings1 where it is related that a dead man was restored to life when his body touched the bones1 that is1 the relics of the holy prophet ,eliseus4 ,q4 #abaa4 #cda ,does the first ,commandment forbid the making of images8 ,a4 ,the first ,commandment does forbid the making of images if they are made to be adored as gods1 but it does not forbid the making of them to put us in mind of ,jesus ,christ1 ,his ,blessed ,mother1 and the saints4 ,q4 #abab4 ,how do we show that it is only the worship and not the making of images that is forbidden by the first commandment8 ,a4 ,we show that it is only the worship and not the making of images that is forbidden by the first commandment1 7#a7 ,because no one thinks it sinful to carve statues or make photographs or paintings of relatives or friends2 7#b7 because ,god ,himself commanded the making of images for the temple after ,he had given the first commandment1 and ,god never contradicts ,himself4 ,q4 #abac4 #cdb ,is it right to show respect to the pictures and images of ,christ and ,his saints8 ,a4 ,it is right to show respect to the pictures and images of ,christ and ,his saints1 because they are the representations and memorials of them4 ,q4 #abad4 ,have we in this country any civil custom similar to that of honoring the pictures and images of saints8 ,a4 ,we have1 in this country1 a civil custom similar to that of honoring pictures and images of saints1 for1 on ,decoration or ,memorial ,day1 patriotic citizens place flowers1 flags1 or emblems about the statues of our deceased civil heroes1 to honor the persons these statues represent2 for just as we can dishonor a man by abusing his image1 so we can honor him by treating it with respect and reverence4 ,q4 #abae4 #cdc ,is it allowed to pray to the crucifix or to the images and relics of the saints8 ,a4 ,it is not allowed to pray to the crucifix or images and relics of the saints1 for they have no life1 nor power to help us1 nor sense to hear us4 ,q4 #abaf4 #cdd ,why do we pray before the crucifix and the images and relics of the saints8 ,a4 ,we pray before the crucifix and the images and relics of the saints because they enliven our devotion by exciting pious affections and desires1 and by reminding us of ,christ and of the saints1 that we may imitate their virtues4 ,,lesson ,,thirty-,,second4 ,,from ,,the ,,second ,,to ,,the ,,fourth ,,commandment4 ,q4 #abag4 #cde ,what is the second ,commandment8 ,a4 ,the second ,commandment is3 ,thou shalt not take the name of the ,lord thy ,god in vain4 ,q4 #abah4 ,what do you mean by taking ,god's name in vain8 ,a4 ,by taking ,god's name in vain ,i mean taking it without reverence1 as in cursing or using in a light and careless manner1 as in exclamation4 ,q4 #abai4 #cdf ,what are we commanded by the second ,commandment8 ,a4 ,we are commanded by the second ,commandment to speak with reverence of ,god and of the saints1 and of all holy things1 and to keep our lawful oaths and vows4 ,q4 #abbj4 ,is it sinful to use the words of ,holy ,scripture in a bad or worldly sense8 ,a4 ,it is sinful to use the words of ,holy ,scripture in a bad or worldly sense1 to joke in them or ridicule their sacred meaning1 or in general to give them any meaning but the one we believe ,god has intended them to convey4 ,q4 #abba4 #cdg ,what is an oath8 ,a4 ,an oath is the calling upon ,god to witness the truth of what we say4 ,q4 #abbb4 ,how is an oath usually taken8 ,a4 ,an oath is usually taken by laying the hand on the ,bible or by lifting the hand towards heaven as a sign that we call ,god to witness that what we are saying is under oath and to the best of our knowledge really true4 ,q4 #abbc4 ,what is perjury8 ,a4 ,perjury is the sin one commits who knowingly takes a false oath2 that is1 swears to the truth of what he knows to be false4 ,perjury is a crime against the law of our country and a mortal sin before ,god4 ,q4 #abbd4 ,who have the right to make us take an oath8 ,a4 ,all persons to whom the law of our country has given such authority have the right to make us take an oath4 ,they are chiefly judges1 magistrates and public officials1 whose duty it is to enforce the laws4 ,in religious matters bishops and others to whom authority is given have also the right to make us take an oath4 ,q4 #abbe4 #cdh ,when may we take an oath8 ,a4 ,we may take an oath when it is ordered by lawful authority or required for ,god's honor or for our own or our neighbor's good4 ,q4 #abbf4 ,when may an oath be required for ,god's honor or for our own or our neighbor's good8 ,a4 ,an oath may be required for ,god's honor or for our own or our neighbor's good when we are called upon to defend our religion against false charges2 or to protect our own or our neighbor's property or good name2 or when we are required to give testimony that will enable the lawful authorities to discover the guilt or innocence of a person accused4 ,q4 #abbg4 ,is it ever allowed to promise under oath1 in secret societies or elsewhere1 to obey another in whatever good or evil he commands8 ,a4 ,it is never allowed to promise under oath1 in secret societies or elsewhere1 to obey another in whatever good or evil he commands1 for by such an oath we would declare ourselves ready and willing to commit sin1 if ordered to do so1 while ,god commands us to avoid even the danger of sinning4 ,hence the ,church forbids us to join any society in which such oaths are taken by its members4 ,q4 #abbh4 ,what societies in general are we forbidden to join8 ,a4 ,in general we are forbidden to join 7#a7 ,all societies condemned by the ,church2 7#b7 all societies of which the object is unlawful and the means used sinful2 7#c7 societies in which the rights and freedom of our conscience are violated by rash or dangerous oaths2 7#d7 societies in which any false religious ceremony or form of worship is used4 ,q4 #abbi4 ,are trades unions and benefit societies forbidden8 ,a4 ,trades unions and benefit societies are not in themselves forbidden because they have lawful ends1 which they can secure by lawful means4 ,the ,church encourages every society that lawfully aids its members spiritually or temporally1 and censures or disowns every society that uses sinful or unlawful means to secure even a good end2 for the ,church can never permit anyone to do evil that good may come of it4 ,q4 #abcj4 ,is it lawful to vow or promise strict obedience to a religious superior8 ,a4 ,it is lawful to vow or promise strict obedience to a religious superior1 because such superior can exact obedience only in things that have the sanction of ,god or of ,his ,church4 ,q4 #abca4 #cdi ,what is necessary to make an oath lawful8 ,a4 ,to make an oath lawful it is necessary that what we swear to be true1 and that there be a sufficient cause for taking an oath4 ,q4 #abcb4 #cej ,what is a vow8 ,a4 ,a vow is a deliberate promise made to ,god to do something that is pleasing to ,him4 ,q4 #abcc4 ,which are the vows most frequently made8 ,a4 ,the vows most frequently made are the three vows of poverty1 chastity and obedience1 taken by persons living in religious communities or consecrated to ,god4 ,persons living in the world are sometimes permitted to make such vows privately1 but this should never be done without the advice and consent of their confessor4 ,q4 #abcd4 ,what do the vows of poverty1 chastity and obedience require8 ,a4 ,the vows of poverty1 chastity and obedience require that those who make them shall not possess or keep any property or goods for themselves alone2 that they shall not marry or be guilty of any immodest acts1 and that they shall strictly obey their lawful superiors4 ,q4 #abce4 ,has it always been a custom with pious ,christians to make vows and promises to ,god8 ,a4 ,it has always been a custom with pious ,christians to make vows and promises to ,god2 to beg ,his help for some special end1 or to thank ,him for some benefit received4 ,they have promised pilgrimages1 good works or alms and they have vowed to erect churches1 convents1 hospitals or schools4 ,q4 #abcf4 ,what is a pilgrimage8 ,a4 ,a pilgrimage is a journey to a holy place made in a religious manner and for a religious purpose4 ,q4 #abcg4 #cea ,is it a sin not to fulfill our vows8 ,a4 ,not to fulfill our vows is a sin1 mortal or venial1 according to the nature of the vow and the intention we had in making it4 ,q4 #abch4 ,are we bound to keep an unlawful oath or vow8 ,a4 ,we are not bound1 but1 on the contrary1 positively forbidden to keep an unlawful oath or vow4 ,we are guilty of sin in taking such an oath or making such a vow1 and we would be guilty of still greater sin by keeping them4 ,q4 #abci4 #ceb ,what is forbidden by the second ,commandment8 ,a4 ,the second ,commandment forbids all false1 rash1 unjust1 and unnecessary oaths1 blasphemy1 cursing1 and profane words4 ,q4 #abdj4 ,when is an oath rash1 unjust or unnecessary8 ,a4 ,an oath is rash when we are not sure of the truth of what we swear2 it is unjust when it injures another unlawfully2 and it is unnecessary when there is no good reason for taking it4 ,q4 #abda4 ,what is blasphemy1 and what are profane words8 ,a4 ,blasphemy is any word or action intended as an insult to ,god4 ,to say ,he is cruel or find fault with ,his works is blasphemy4 ,it is a much greater sin than cursing or taking ,god's name in vain4 ,profane words mean here bad1 irreverent or irreligious words4 ,q4 #abdb4 #cec ,what is the third ,commandment8 ,a4 ,the third ,commandment is3 ,remember thou keep holy the ,sabbath day4 ,q4 #abdc4 #ced ,what are we commanded by the third ,commandment8 ,a4 ,by the third ,commandment we are commanded to keep holy the ,lord's day and the holydays of obligation1 on which we are to give our time to the service and worship of ,god4 ,q4 #abdd4 ,what are holydays of obligation8 ,a4 ,holydays of obligation are special feasts of the ,church on which we are bound1 under pain of mortal sin1 to hear ,mass and to keep from servile or bodily labors when it can be done without great loss or inconvenience4 ,whoever1 on account of their circumstances1 cannot give up work on holydays of obligation should make every effort to hear ,mass and should also explain in confession the necessity of working on holydays4 ,q4 #abde4 #cee ,how are we to worship ,god on ,sundays and holydays of obligation8 ,a4 ,we are to worship ,god on ,sundays and holydays of obligation by hearing ,mass1 by prayer1 and by other good works4 ,q4 #abdf4 ,name some of the good works recommended for ,sunday4 ,a4 ,some of the good works recommended for ,sunday are3 ,the reading of religious books or papers1 teaching ,catechism1 bringing relief to the poor or sick1 visiting the ,blessed ,sacrament1 attending ,vespers1 ,rosary or other devotions in the ,church2 also attending the meetings of religious sodalities or societies4 ,it is not necessary to spend the whole ,sunday in such good works1 but we should give some time to them1 that for the love of ,god we may do a little more than what is strictly commanded4 ,q4 #abdg4 ,is it forbidden1 then1 to seek any pleasure or enjoyment on ,sunday8 ,a4 ,it is not forbidden to seek lawful pleasure or enjoyment on ,sunday1 especially to those who are occupied during the week1 for ,god did not intend the keeping of the ,sunday to be a punishment1 but a benefit to us4 ,therefore1 after hearing ,mass we may take such recreation as is necessary or useful for us2 but we should avoid any vulgar1 noisy or disgraceful amusements that turn the day of rest and prayer into a day of scandal and sin4 ,q4 #abdh4 #cef ,are the ,sabbath day and the ,sunday the same8 ,a4 ,the ,sabbath day and the ,sunday are not the same4 ,the ,sabbath is the seventh day of the week1 and is the day which was kept holy in the old law2 the ,sunday is the first day of the week1 and is the day which is kept holy in the new law4 ,q4 #abdi4 ,what is meant by the ,old and ,new ,law8 ,a4 ,the ,old ,law means the law or religion given to the ,jews2 the ,new ,law means the law or religion given to ,christians4 ,q4 #abej4 #ceg ,why does the ,church command us to keep the ,sunday holy instead of the ,sabbath8 ,a4 ,the ,church commands us to keep the ,sunday holy instead of the ,sabbath because on ,sunday ,christ rose from the dead1 and on ,sunday ,he sent the ,holy ,ghost upon the ,apostles4 ,q4 #abea4 ,do we keep ,sunday instead of ,saturday holy for any other reason8 ,a4 ,we keep ,sunday instead of ,saturday holy also to teach that the ,old ,law is not now binding upon us1 but that we must keep the ,new ,law1 which takes its place4 ,q4 #abeb4 #ceh ,what is forbidden by the third ,commandment8 ,a4 ,the third ,commandment forbids all unnecessary servile work and whatever else may hinder the due observance of the ,lord's day4 ,q4 #abec4 #cei ,what are servile works8 ,a4 ,servile works are those which require labor rather of body than of mind4 ,q4 #abed4 ,from what do servile works derive their name8 ,a4 ,servile works derive their name from the fact that such works were formerly done by slaves4 ,therefore1 reading1 writing1 studying and1 in general1 all works that slaves did not perform are not considered servile works4 ,q4 #abee4 #cfj ,are servile works on ,sunday ever lawful8 ,a4 ,servile works are lawful on ,sundays when the honor of ,god1 the good of our neighbor1 or necessity requires them4 ,q4 #abef4 ,give some examples of when the honor of ,god1 the good of our neighbor or necessity may require servile works on ,sunday4 ,a4 ,the honor of ,god1 the good of our neighbor or necessity may require servile works on ,sunday1 in such cases as the preparation of a place for ,holy ,mass1 the saving of property in storms or accidents1 the cooking of meals and similar works4 ,,lesson ,,thirty-,,third4 ,,from ,,the ,,fourth ,,to ,,the ,,seventh ,,commandment4 ,q4 #abeg4 #cfa ,what is the fourth ,commandment8 ,a4 ,the fourth ,commandment is3 ,honor thy father and thy mother4 ,q4 #abeh4 ,what does the word honor in this commandment include8 ,a4 ,the word honor in this commandment includes the doing of everything necessary for our parents' spiritual and temporal welfare1 the showing of proper respect1 and the fulfillment of all our duties to them4 ,q4 #abei4 #cfb ,what are we commanded by the fourth ,commandment8 ,a4 ,we are commanded by the fourth ,commandment to honor1 love and obey our parents in all that is not sin4 ,q4 #abfj4 ,why should we refuse to obey parents or superiors who command us to sin8 ,a4 ,we should refuse to obey parents or superiors who command us to sin because they are not then acting with ,god's authority1 but contrary to it and in violation of ,his laws4 ,q4 #abfa4 #cfc ,are we bound to honor and obey others than our parents8 ,a4 ,we are also bound to honor and obey our bishops1 pastors1 magistrates1 teachers1 and other lawful superiors4 ,q4 #abfb4 ,who are meant by magistrates8 ,a4 ,by magistrates are meant all officials of whatever rank who have a lawful right to rule over us and our temporal possessions or affairs4 ,q4 #abfc4 ,who are meant by lawful superiors8 ,a4 ,by lawful superiors are meant all persons to whom we are in any way subject1 such as employers or others under whose authority we live or work4 ,q4 #abfd4 ,what is the duty of servants or workmen to their employers8 ,a4 ,the duty of servants or workmen to their employers is to serve them faithfully and honestly1 according to their agreement1 and to guard against injuring their property or reputation4 ,q4 #abfe4 #cfd ,have parents and superiors any duties toward those who are under their charge8 ,a4 ,it is the duty of parents and superiors to take good care of all under their charge and give them proper direction and example4 ,q4 #abff4 ,if parents or superiors neglect their duty or abuse their authority in any particular1 should we follow their direction and example in that particular8 ,a4 ,if parents or superiors neglect their duty or abuse their authority in any particular we should not follow their direction or example in that particular1 but follow the dictates of our conscience in the performance of our duty4 ,q4 #abfg4 ,what is the duty of employers to their servants or workmen8 ,a4 ,the duty of employers to their servants or workmen is to see that they are kindly and fairly treated and provided for1 according to their agreement1 and that they are justly paid their wages at the proper time4 ,q4 #abfh4 #cfe ,what is forbidden by the fourth ,commandment8 ,a4 ,the fourth ,commandment forbids all disobedience1 contempt1 and stubbornness towards our parents or lawful superiors4 ,q4 #abfi4 ,what is meant by contempt and stubbornness8 ,a4 ,by contempt is meant wilful disrespect for lawful authority1 and by stubbornness is meant wilful determination not to yield to lawful authority4 ,q4 #abgj4 #cff ,what is the fifth ,commandment8 ,a4 ,the fifth ,commandment is3 ,thou shalt not kill4 ,q4 #abga4 ,what killing does this commandment forbid8 ,a4 ,this commandment forbids the killing only of human beings4 ,q4 #abgb4 ,how do we know that this commandment forbids the killing only of human beings8 ,a4 ,we know that this commandment forbids the killing only of human beings because1 after giving this commandment1 ,god commanded that animals be killed for sacrifice in the temple of ,jerusalem1 and ,god never contradicts ,himself4 ,q4 #abgc4 #cfg ,what are we commanded by the fifth ,commandment8 ,a4 ,we are commanded by the fifth ,commandment to live in peace and union with our neighbor1 to respect his rights1 to seek his spiritual and bodily welfare1 and to take proper care of our own life and health4 ,q4 #abgd4 ,what sin is it to destroy one's own life1 or commit suicide1 as this act is called8 ,a4 ,it is a mortal sin to destroy one's own life or commit suicide1 as this act is called1 and persons who wilfully and knowingly commit such an act die in a state of mortal sin and are deprived of ,christian burial4 ,it is also wrong to expose one's self unnecessarily to the danger of death by rash or foolhardy feats of daring4 ,q4 #abge4 ,is it ever lawful for any cause to deliberately and intentionally take away the life of an innocent person8 ,a4 ,it is never lawful for any cause to deliberately and intentionally take away the life of an innocent person4 ,such deeds are always murder1 and can never be excused for any reason1 however important or necessary4 ,q4 #abgf4 ,under what circumstances may human life be lawfully taken8 ,a4 ,human life may be lawfully taken 7#a7 ,in self-defense1 when we are unjustly attacked and have no other means of saving our own lives2 7#b7 in a just war1 when the safety or rights of the nation require it2 7#c7 by the lawful execution of a criminal1 fairly tried and found guilty of a crime punishable by death when the preservation of law and order and the good of the community require such execution4 ,q4 #abgg4 #cfh ,what is forbidden by the fifth ,commandment8 ,a4 ,the fifth ,commandment forbids all wilful murder1 fighting1 anger1 hatred1 revenge1 and bad example4 ,q4 #abgh4 ,can the fifth commandment be broken by giving scandal or bad example and by inducing others to sin8 ,a4 ,the fifth commandment can be broken by giving scandal or bad example and inducing others to sin1 because such acts may destroy the life of the soul by leading it into mortal sin4 ,q4 #abgi4 ,what is scandal8 ,a4 ,scandal is any sinful word1 deed or omission that disposes others to sin1 or lessens their respect for ,god and holy religion4 ,q4 #abhj4 ,why are fighting1 anger1 hatred and revenge forbidden by the fifth commandment8 ,a4 ,fighting1 anger1 hatred and revenge are forbidden by the fifth commandment because they are sinful in themselves and may lead to murder4 ,the commandments forbid not only whatever violates them1 but also whatever may lead to their violation4 ,q4 #abha4 #cfi ,what is the sixth ,commandment8 ,a4 ,the sixth ,commandment is3 ,thou shalt not commit adultery4 ,q4 #abhb4 #cgj ,what are we commanded by the sixth ,commandment8 ,a4 ,we are commanded by the sixth ,commandment to be pure in thought and modest in all our looks1 words1 and actions4 ,q4 #abhc4 ,it is a sin to listen to immodest conversation1 songs or jokes8 ,a4 ,it is a sin to listen to immodest conversation1 songs or jokes when we can avoid it1 or to show in any way that we take pleasure in such things4 ,q4 #abhd4 #cga ,what is forbidden by the sixth ,commandment8 ,a4 ,the sixth ,commandment forbids all unchaste freedom with another's wife or husband2 also all immodesty with ourselves or others in looks1 dress1 words1 and actions4 ,q4 #abhe4 ,why are sins of impurity the most dangerous8 ,a4 ,sins of impurity are the most dangerous 7#a7 ,because they have the most numerous temptations2 7#b7 because1 if deliberate1 they are always mortal1 and 7#c7 because1 more than other sins1 they lead to the loss of faith4 ,q4 #abhf4 #cgb ,does the sixth ,commandment forbid the reading of bad and immodest books and newspapers8 ,a4 ,the sixth ,commandment does forbid the reading of bad and immodest books and newspapers4 ,q4 #abhg4 ,what should be done with immodest book and newspapers8 ,a4 ,immodest books and newspapers should be destroyed as soon as possible1 and if we cannot destroy them ourselves we should induce their owners to do so4 ,q4 #abhh4 ,what books does the ,church consider bad8 ,a4 ,the ,church considers bad all books containing teaching contrary to faith or morals1 or that wilfully misrepresent ,catholic doctrine and practice4 ,q4 #abhi4 ,what places are dangerous to the virtue of purity8 ,a4 ,indecent theaters and similar places of amusement are dangerous to the virtue of purity1 because their entertainments are frequently intended to suggest immodest things4 ,,lesson ,,thirty-,,fourth4 ,,from ,,the ,,seventh ,,to ,,the ,,end ,,of ,,the ,,tenth ,,commandment4 ,q4 #abij4 #cgc ,what is the seventh ,commandment8 ,a4 ,the seventh ,commandment is3 ,thou shalt not steal4 ,q4 #abia4 ,what sin is it to steal8 ,a4 ,to steal is a mortal or venial sin1 according to the amount stolen either at once or at different times4 ,circumstances may make the sin greater or less1 and they should be explained in confession4 ,q4 #abib4 ,is stealing ever a sacrilege8 ,a4 ,stealing is a sacrilege when the thing stolen belongs to the ,church and when the stealing takes place in the ,church4 ,q4 #abic4 ,what sins are equivalent to stealing8 ,a4 ,all sins of cheating1 defrauding or wronging others of their property2 also all sins of borrowing or buying with the intention of never repaying are equivalent to stealing4 ,q4 #abid4 ,in what other ways may persons sin against honesty8 ,a4 ,persons may sin against honesty also by knowingly receiving1 buying or sharing in stolen goods2 likewise by giving or taking bribes for dishonest purposes4 ,q4 #abie4 #cgd ,what are we commanded by the seventh ,commandment8 ,a4 ,by the seventh ,commandment we are commanded to give to all men what belongs to them and to respect their property4 ,q4 #abif4 ,how may persons working for others be guilty of dishonesty8 ,a4 ,persons working for others may be guilty of dishonesty by idling the time for which they are paid2 also by doing bad work or supplying bad material without their employer's knowledge4 ,q4 #abig4 ,in what other way may a person be guilty of dishonesty8 ,a4 ,a person may be guilty of dishonesty in getting money or goods by false pretenses and by using either for purposes for which they were not given4 ,q4 #abih4 #cge ,what is forbidden by the seventh ,commandment8 ,a4 ,the seventh ,commandment forbids all unjust taking or keeping what belongs to another4 ,q4 #abii4 ,what must we do with things found8 ,a4 ,we must return things found to their lawful owners as soon as possible1 and we must also use reasonable means to find the owners if they are unknown to us4 ,q4 #acjj4 ,what must we do if we discover we have bought stolen goods8 ,a4 ,if we discover we have bought stolen goods and know their lawful owners we must return the goods to them as soon as possible without demanding compensation from the owner for what we paid for the goods4 ,q4 #acja4 #cgf ,are we bound to restore ill-gotten goods8 ,a4 ,we are bound to restore ill-gotten goods1 or the value of them1 as far as we are able2 otherwise we cannot be forgiven4 ,q4 #acjb4 ,what must we do if we cannot restore all we owe1 or if the person to whom we should restore be dead8 ,a4 ,if we cannot restore all we owe1 we must restore as much as we can1 and if the person to whom we should restore be dead we must restore to his children or heirs1 and if these cannot be found we may give alms to the poor4 ,q4 #acjc4 ,what must one do who cannot pay his debts and yet wishes to receive the ,sacraments8 ,a4 ,one who cannot pay his debts and yet wishes to receive the ,sacraments must sincerely promise and intend to pay them as soon as possible1 and must without delay make every effort to do so4 ,q4 #acjd4 #cgg ,are we obliged to repair the damage we have unjustly caused8 ,a4 ,we are bound to repair the damage we have unjustly caused4 ,q4 #acje4 #cgh ,what is the eighth ,commandment8 ,a4 ,the eighth ,commandment is3 ,thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor4 ,q4 #acjf4 #cgi ,what are we commanded by the eighth ,commandment8 ,a4 ,we are commanded by the eighth ,commandment to speak the truth in all things1 and to be careful of the honor and reputation of every one4 ,q4 #acjg4 ,what is a lie8 ,a4 ,a lie is a sin committed by knowingly saying what is untrue with the intention of deceiving4 ,to swear to a lie makes the sin greater1 and such swearing is called perjury4 ,pretense1 hypocrisy1 false praise1 boasting1 c41 are similar to lies4 ,q4 #acjh4 ,how can we know the degree of sinfulness in a lie8 ,a4 ,we can know the degree of sinfulness in a lie by the amount of harm it does and from the intention we had in telling it4 ,q4 #acji4 ,will a good reason for telling a lie excuse it8 ,a4 ,no reason1 however good1 will excuse the telling of a lie1 because a lie is always bad in itself4 ,it is never allowed1 even for a good intention to do a thing that is bad in itself4 ,q4 #acaj4 #chj ,what is forbidden by the eighth ,commandment8 ,a4 ,the eighth ,commandment forbids all rash judgments1 backbiting1 slanders1 and lies4 ,q4 #acaa4 ,what are rash judgment1 backbiting1 slander and detraction8 ,a4 ,rash judgment is believing a person guilty of sin without a sufficient cause4 ,backbiting is saying evil things of another in his absence4 ,slander is telling lies about another with the intention of injuring him4 ,detraction is revealing the sins of another without necessity4 ,q4 #acab4 ,is it ever allowed to tell the faults of another8 ,a4 ,it is allowed to tell the faults of another when it is necessary to make them known to his parents or superiors1 that the faults may be corrected and the wrong doer prevented from greater sin4 ,q4 #acac4 ,what is tale-bearing1 and why is it wrong8 ,a4 ,tale-bearing is the act of telling persons what others have said about them1 especially if the things said be evil4 ,it is wrong1 because it gives rise to anger1 hatred and ill-will1 and is often the cause of greater sins4 ,q4 #acad4 #cha ,what must they do who have lied about their neighbor and seriously injured his character8 ,a4 ,they who have lied about their neighbor and seriously injured his character must repair the injury done as far as they are able1 otherwise they will not be forgiven4 ,q4 #acae4 #chb ,what is the ninth ,commandment8 ,a4 ,the ninth ,commandment is3 ,thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's wife4 ,q4 #acaf4 #chc ,what are we commanded by the ninth ,commandment8 ,a4 ,we are commanded by the ninth ,commandment to keep ourselves pure in thought and desire4 ,q4 #acag4 #chd ,what is forbidden by the ninth ,commandment8 ,a4 ,the ninth ,commandment forbids unchaste thoughts1 desires of another's wife or husband1 and all other unlawful impure thoughts and desires4 ,q4 #acah4 #che ,are impure thoughts and desires always sins8 ,a4 ,impure thoughts and desires are always sins1 unless they displease us and we try to banish them4 ,q4 #acai4 #chf ,what is the tenth ,commandment8 ,a4 ,the tenth ,commandment is3 ,thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's goods4 ,q4 #acbj4 ,what does covet mean8 ,a4 ,covet means to wish to get wrongfully what another possesses or to begrudge his own to him4 ,q4 #acba4 #chg ,what are we commanded by the tenth ,commandment8 ,a4 ,by the tenth ,commandment we are commanded to be content with what we have1 and to rejoice in our neighbor's welfare4 ,q4 #acbb4 ,should we not1 then1 try to improve our position in the world8 ,a4 ,we should try to improve our position in the world1 provided we can do so honestly and without exposing ourselves to greater temptation or sin4 ,q4 #acbc4 #chh ,what is forbidden by the tenth ,commandment8 ,a4 ,the tenth ,commandment forbids all desires to take or keep wrongfully what belongs to another4 ,q4 #acbd4 ,in what does the sixth commandment differ from the ninth1 and the seventh differ from the tenth8 ,a4 ,the sixth commandment differs from the ninth in this1 that the sixth refers chiefly to external acts of impurity1 while the ninth refers more to sins of thought against purity4 ,the seventh commandment refers chiefly to external acts of dishonesty1 while the tenth refers more to thoughts against honesty4 ,,lesson ,,thirty-,,fifth4 ,,on ,,the ,,first ,,and ,,second ,,commandments ,,of ,,the ,,church4 ,q4 #acbe4 ,are not the commandments of the ,church also commandments of ,god8 ,a4 ,the commandments of the ,church are also commandments of ,god1 because they are made by ,his authority1 and we are bound under pain of sin to observe them4 ,q4 #acbf4 ,what is the difference between the commandments of ,god and the ,commandments of the ,church8 ,a4 ,the commandments of ,god were given by ,god ,himself to ,moses on ,mount ,sinai2 the commandments of the ,church were given on different occasions by the lawful authorities of the ,church4 ,the ,commandments given by ,god ,himself cannot be changed by the ,church2 but the commandments made by the ,church itself may be changed by its authority as necessity requires4 ,q4 #acbg4 #chi ,which are the chief commandments of the ,church8 ,a4 ,the chief commandments of the ,church are six3 #a4 ,to hear ,mass on ,sundays and holydays of obligation4 #b4 ,to fast and abstain on the days appointed4 #c4 ,to confess at least once a year4 #d4 ,to receive the ,holy ,eucharist during the ,easter time4 #e4 ,to contribute to the support of our pastors4 #f4 ,not to marry persons who are not ,catholics1 or who are related to us within the third degree of kindred1 nor privately without witnesses1 nor to solemnize marriage at forbidden times4 ,q4 #acbh4 ,why has the ,church made commandments8 ,a4 ,the ,church has made commandments to teach the faithful how to worship ,god and to guard them from the neglect of their religious duties4 ,q4 #acbi4 #cij ,is it a mortal sin not to hear ,mass on a ,sunday or a holyday of obligation8 ,a4 ,it is a mortal sin not to hear ,mass on a ,sunday or a holyday of obligation1 unless we are excused for a serious reason4 ,they also commit a mortal sin who1 having others under their charge1 hinder them from hearing ,mass1 without a sufficient reason4 ,q4 #accj4 ,what is a serious reason excusing one from the obligation of hearing ,mass8 ,a4 ,a serious reason excusing one from the obligation of hearing ,mass is any reason that makes it impossible or very difficult to attend ,mass1 such as severe illness1 great distance from the ,church1 or the need of certain works that cannot be neglected or postponed4 ,q4 #acca4 ,are children obliged1 under pain of mortal sin1 the same as grown persons1 to hear ,mass on ,sundays and holydays of obligation8 ,a4 ,children who have reached the use of reason are obliged under pain of mortal sin1 the same as grown persons1 to hear ,mass on ,sundays and holydays of obligation2 but if they are prevented from so doing by parents1 or others1 then the sin falls on those who prevent them4 ,q4 #accb4 #cia ,why were holydays instituted by the church8 ,a4 ,holydays were instituted by the ,church to recall to our minds the great mysteries of religion and the virtues and rewards of the saints4 ,q4 #accc4 ,how many holydays of obligation are there in this country8 ,a4 ,in this country there are six holydays of obligation1 namely1 7#a7 ,feast of the ,immaculate ,conception 7,dec4 #hth72 7#b7 ,christmas 7,dec4 #beth72 7#c7 ,feast of the ,circumcision of ,our ,lord 7,jan4 #ast72 7#d7 ,feast of the ,ascension of ,our ,lord 7forty days after ,easter72 7#e7 ,feast of the ,assumption of the ,blessed ,virgin 7,aug4 #aeth72 and 7#f7 ,feast of ,all ,saints 7,nov4 #ast74 ,q4 #accd4 #cib ,how should we keep the holydays of obligation8 ,a4 ,we should keep the holydays of obligation as we should keep the ,sunday4 ,q4 #acce4 ,why are certain holydays called holydays of obligation8 ,a4 ,certain holydays are called holydays of obligation because on such days we are obliged under pain of mortal sin to hear ,mass and keep from servile works as we do on ,sundays4 ,q4 #accf4 ,what should one do who is obliged to work on a holyday of obligation8 ,a4 ,one who is obliged to work on a holyday of obligation should1 if possible1 hear ,mass before going to work1 and should also explain this necessity in confession1 so as to obtain the confessor's advice on the subject4 ,q4 #accg4 #cic ,what do you mean by fast-days8 ,a4 ,by fast-days ,i mean days on which we are allowed but one full meal4 ,q4 #acch4 ,is it permitted on fast days to take any food besides the one full meal8 ,a4 ,it is permitted on fast days1 besides the one full meal1 to take two other meatless meals1 to maintain strength1 according to each one's needs4 ,but together these two meatless meals should not equal another full meal4 ,q4 #acci4 ,who are obliged to fast8 ,a4 ,all persons over #ba and under #ei years of age1 and whose health and occupation will permit them to fast4 ,q4 #acdj4 ,does the ,church excuse any classes of persons from the obligation of fasting8 ,a4 ,the ,church does excuse certain classes of persons from the obligation of fasting on account of their age1 the condition of their health1 the nature of their work1 or the circumstances in which they live4 ,these things are explained in the ,regulations for ,lent1 read publicly in the ,churches each year4 ,q4 #acda4 ,what should one do who doubts whether or not he is obliged to fast8 ,a4 ,in doubt concerning fast1 a parish priest or confessor should be consulted4 ,q4 #acdb4 ,when do fast days chiefly occur in the year8 ,a4 ,fast days chiefly occur in the year during ,lent and ,advent1 on the ,ember days and on the vigils or eves of some great feasts4 ,a vigil falling on a ,sunday is not observed4 ,q4 #acdc4 ,what do you mean by ,lent1 ,advent1 ,ember days and the vigils of great feasts8 ,a4 ,lent is the seven weeks of penance preceding ,easter4 ,advent is the four weeks of preparation preceding ,christmas4 ,ember days are three days set apart in each of the four seasons of the year as special days of prayer and thanksgiving4 ,vigils are the days immediately preceding great feasts and spent in spiritual preparation for them4 ,q4 #acdd4 #cid ,what do you mean by days of abstinence8 ,a4 ,by days of abstinence ,i mean days on which no meat at all may be taken 7complete abstinence7 or on which meat may be taken only once a day 7partial abstinence74 ,this is explained in the regulations for ,lent4 ,all the ,fridays of the year are days of abstinence except when a ,holyday of obligation falls on a ,friday outside of ,lent4 ,q4 #acde4 ,are children and persons unable to fast bound to abstain on days of abstinence8 ,a4 ,children1 from the age of seven years1 and persons who are unable to fast are bound to abstain on days of abstinence1 unless they are excused for sufficient reason4 ,q4 #acdf4 #cie ,why does the ,church command us to fast and abstain8 ,a4 ,the ,church commands us to fast and abstain1 in order that we may mortify our passions and satisfy for our sins4 ,q4 #acdg4 ,what is meant by our passions and what by mortifying them8 ,a4 ,by our passions are meant our sinful desires and inclinations4 ,mortifying them means restraining them and overcoming them so that they have less power to lead us into sin4 ,q4 #acdh4 #cif ,why does the ,church command us to abstain from flesh-meat on ,fridays8 ,a4 ,the ,church commands us to abstain from flesh-meat on ,fridays in honor of the day on which our ,saviour died4 ,,lesson ,,thirty-,,sixth4 ,,on ,,the ,,third1 ,,fourth1 ,,fifth1 ,,and ,,sixth ,,commandments ,,of ,,the ,,church4 ,q4 #acdi4 #cig ,what is meant by the command of confessing at least once a year8 ,a4 ,by the command of confessing at least once a year is meant that we are obliged1 under pain of mortal sin1 to go to confession within the year4 ,q4 #acej4 #cih ,should we confess only once a year8 ,a4 ,we should confess frequently1 if we wish to lead a good life4 ,q4 #acea4 ,should we go to confession at our usual time even if we think we have not committed sin since our last confession8 ,a4 ,we should go to confession at our usual time even if we think we have not committed sin since our last confession1 because the ,sacrament of ,penance has for its object not only to forgive sins1 but also to bestow grace and strengthen the soul against temptation4 ,q4 #aceb4 #cii ,should children go to confession8 ,a4 ,children should go to confession when they are old enough to commit sin1 which is commonly about the age of seven years4 ,q4 #acec4 #djj ,what sin does he commit who neglects to receive ,communion during the ,easter time8 ,a4 ,he who neglects to receive ,communion during the ,easter time commits a mortal sin4 ,q4 #aced4 #dja ,what is the ,easter time8 ,a4 ,the ,easter time is1 in this country1 the time between the first ,sunday of ,lent and ,trinity ,sunday4 ,q4 #acee4 ,when is ,trinity ,sunday8 ,a4 ,trinity ,sunday is the ,sunday after ,pentecost1 or eight weeks after ,easter ,sunday2 so that there are fourteen weeks in which one may comply with the command of the ,church to receive ,holy ,communion between the first ,sunday of ,lent and ,trinity ,sunday4 ,q4 #acef4 #djb ,are we obliged to contribute to the support of our pastors8 ,a4 ,we are obliged to contribute to the support of our pastors1 and to bear our share in the expense of the ,church and school4 ,q4 #aceg4 ,where did the duty of contributing to the support of the ,church and clergy originate8 ,a4 ,the duty of contributing to the support of the ,church and clergy originated in the ,old ,law1 when ,god commanded all the people to contribute to the support of the temple and of its priests4 ,q4 #aceh4 ,what does the obligation of supporting the ,church and school imply8 ,a4 ,the obligation of supporting the ,church and school implies the duty of making use of the ,church and school by attending religious worship in the one and by giving ,catholic education in the other2 because if the ,church and school were not necessary for our spiritual welfare we would not be commanded to support them4 ,q4 #acei4 ,does the fifth commandment of the ,church include the support only of our pastors and the ,church and school8 ,a4 ,the fifth commandment of the ,church includes the support also of our holy father1 the ,pope1 bishops1 priests1 missions1 religious institutions and religion in general4 ,q4 #acfj4 #djc ,what is the meaning of the commandment not to marry within the third degree of kindred8 ,a4 ,the meaning of the commandment not to marry within the third degree of kindred is that no one is allowed to marry another within the third degree of blood relationship4 ,q4 #acfa4 ,who are in the third degree of blood relationship8 ,a4 ,second cousins are in the third degree of blood relationship1 and persons whose relationship is nearer than second cousins are in closer degrees of kindred4 ,it is unlawful for persons thus related to marry without a dispensation or special permission of the ,church4 ,q4 #acfb4 ,are there other relationships besides blood relationship that render marriage unlawful without a dispensation8 ,a4 ,there are other relationships besides blood relationship that render marriage unlawful without a dispensation1 namely1 the relationships contracted by marriage1 which are called degrees of affinity1 and the relationship contracted by being sponsors at ,baptism1 which is called spiritual affinity4 ,q4 #acfc4 ,what should persons about to marry do1 if they suspect they are related to each other8 ,a4 ,persons about to marry1 if they suspect they are related to each other1 should make known the facts to the priest1 that he may examine the degree of relationship and procure a dispensation if necessary4 ,q4 #acfd4 #djd ,what is the meaning of the command not to marry privately8 ,a4 ,the command not to marry privately means that none should marry without the blessing of ,god's priests or without witnesses4 ,q4 #acfe4 ,what sin is it for ,catholics to be married before the minister of another religion8 ,a4 ,it is a mortal sin for ,catholics to be married before the minister of another religion1 and they who attempt to do so incur excommunication1 and absolution from their sin is reserved to the bishop4 ,q4 #acff4 #dje ,what is the meaning of the precept not to solemnize marriage at forbidden times8 ,a4 ,the meaning of the precept not to solemnize marriage at forbidden times is that during ,lent and ,advent the marriage ceremony should not be performed with pomp or a nuptial ,mass4 ,q4 #acfg4 #djf ,what is the nuptial ,mass8 ,a4 ,the nuptial ,mass is a ,mass appointed by the ,church to invoke a special blessing upon the married couple4 ,q4 #acfh4 #djg ,should ,catholics be married at a nuptial ,mass8 ,a4 ,catholics should be married at a nuptial ,mass1 because they thereby show greater reverence for the holy ,sacrament and bring richer blessings upon their wedded life4 ,q4 #acfi4 ,what restrictions does the ,church place on the ceremonies of marriage when one of the persons is not a ,catholic8 ,a4 ,the ,church places several restrictions on the ceremonies of marriage when one of the persons is not a ,catholic4 ,the marriage cannot take place in the church2 the priest cannot wear his sacred vestments nor use holy water nor bless the ring nor the marriage itself4 ,the ,church places these restrictions to show her dislike for such marriages1 commonly called mixed marriages4 ,q4 #acgj4 ,why does the ,church dislike mixed marriages8 ,a4 ,the ,church dislikes mixed marriages because such marriages are frequently unhappy1 give rise to many disputes1 endanger the faith of the ,catholic member of the family1 and prevent the religious education of the children4 ,,lesson ,,thirty-,,seventh4 ,,on ,,the ,,last ,,judgment ,,and ,,the ,,resurrection1 ,,hell1 ,,purgatory1 ,,and ,,heaven4 ,q4 #acga4 #djh ,when will ,christ judge us8 ,a4 ,christ will judge us immediately after our death1 and on the last day4 ,q4 #acgb4 #dji ,what is the judgment called which we have to undergo immediately after death8 ,a4 ,the judgment we have to undergo immediately after death is called the ,particular ,judgment4 ,q4 #acgc4 ,where will the particular judgment be held8 ,a4 ,the particular judgment will be held in the place where each person dies1 and the soul will go immediately to its reward or punishment4 ,q4 #acgd4 #daj ,what is the judgment called which all men have to undergo on the last day8 ,a4 ,the judgment which all men have to undergo on the last day is called the ,general ,judgment4 ,q4 #acge4 ,will the sentence given at the particular judgment be changed at the general judgment8 ,a4 ,the sentence given at the particular judgment will not be changed at the general judgment1 but it will be repeated and made public to all4 ,q4 #acgf4 #daa ,why does ,christ judge men immediately after death8 ,a4 ,christ judges men immediately after death to reward or punish them according to their deeds4 ,q4 #acgg4 ,how may we daily prepare for our judgment8 ,a4 ,we may daily prepare for our judgment by a good examination of conscience1 in which we will discover our sins and learn to fear the punishment they deserve4 ,q4 #acgh4 #dab ,what are the rewards or punishments appointed for men's souls after the ,particular ,judgment8 ,a4 ,the rewards or punishments appointed for men's souls after the ,particular ,judgment are ,heaven1 ,purgatory1 and ,hell4 ,q4 #acgi4 #dac ,what is ,hell8 ,a4 ,hell is a state to which the wicked are condemned1 and in which they are deprived of the sight of ,god for all eternity1 and are in dreadful torments4 ,q4 #achj4 ,will the damned suffer in both mind and body8 ,a4 ,the damned will suffer in both mind and body1 because both mind and body had a share in their sins4 ,the mind suffers the pain of loss in which it is tortured by the thought of having lost ,god forever1 and the body suffers the pain of sense by which it is tortured in all its members and senses4 ,q4 #acha4 #dad ,what is ,purgatory8 ,a4 ,purgatory is the state in which those suffer for a time who die guilty of venial sins1 or without having satisfied for the punishment due to their sins4 ,q4 #achb4 ,why is this state called ,purgatory8 ,a4 ,this state is called ,purgatory because in it the souls are purged or purified from all their stains2 and it is not1 therefore1 a permanent or lasting state for the soul4 ,q4 #achc4 ,are the souls in ,purgatory sure of their salvation8 ,a4 ,the souls in ,purgatory are sure of their salvation1 and they will enter heaven as soon as they are completely purified and made worthy to enjoy that presence of ,god which is called the ,beatific ,vision4 ,q4 #achd4 ,do we know what souls are in ,purgatory1 and how long they have to remain there8 ,a4 ,we do not know what souls are in ,purgatory nor how long they have to remain there2 hence we continue to pray for all persons who have died apparently in the true faith and free from mortal sin4 ,they are called the faithful departed4 ,q4 #ache4 #dae ,can the faithful on earth help the souls in ,purgatory8 ,a4 ,the faithful on earth can help the souls in ,purgatory by their prayers1 fasts1 alms1 deeds2 by indulgences1 and by having ,masses said for them4 ,q4 #achf4 ,since ,god loves the souls in ,purgatory1 why does ,he punish them8 ,a4 ,though ,god loves the souls in ,purgatory1 ,he punishes them because ,his holiness requires that nothing defiled may enter heaven and ,his justice requires that everyone be punished or rewarded according to what he deserves4 ,q4 #achg4 #daf ,if every one is judged immediately after death1 what need is there of a general judgment8 ,a4 ,there is need of a general judgment1 though every one is judged immediately after death1 that the providence of ,god1 which1 on earth1 often permits the good to suffer and the wicked to prosper1 may in the end appear just before all men4 ,q4 #achh4 ,what is meant by the ,providence of ,god8 ,a4 ,by the ,providence of ,god is meant the manner in which ,he preserves1 provides for1 rules and governs the world and directs all things by ,his infinite ,will4 ,q4 #achi4 ,are there other reasons for the general judgment8 ,a4 ,there are other reasons for the general judgment1 and especially that ,christ ,our ,lord may receive from the whole world the honor denied ,him at ,his first coming1 and that all may be forced to acknowledge ,him their ,god and ,redeemer4 ,q4 #acij4 #dag ,will our bodies share in the reward or punishment of our souls8 ,a4 ,our bodies will share in the reward or punishment of our souls1 because through the resurrection they will again be united to them4 ,q4 #acia4 ,when will the general resurrection or rising of all the dead take place8 ,a4 ,the general resurrection or rising of all the dead will take place at the general judgment1 when the same bodies in which we lived on earth will come forth from the grave and be united to our souls and remain united with them forever either in heaven or in hell4 ,q4 #acib4 #dah ,in what state will the bodies of the just rise8 ,a4 ,the bodies of the just will rise glorious and immortal4 ,q4 #acic4 #dai ,will the bodies of the damned also rise8 ,a4 ,the bodies of the damned will also rise1 but they will be condemned to eternal punishment4 ,q4 #acid4 ,why do we show respect for the bodies of the dead8 ,a4 ,we show respect for the bodies of the dead because they were the dwelling-place of the soul1 the medium through which it received the ,sacraments1 and because they were created to occupy a place in heaven4 ,q4 #acie4 #dbj ,what is ,heaven8 ,a4 ,heaven is the state of everlasting life in which we see ,god face to face1 are made like unto ,him in glory1 and enjoy eternal happiness4 ,q4 #acif4 ,in what does the happiness in heaven consist8 ,a4 ,the happiness in heaven consists in seeing the beauty of ,god1 in knowing ,him as ,he is1 and in having every desire fully satisfied4 ,q4 #acig4 ,what does ,st4 ,paul say of heaven8 ,a4 ,st4 ,paul says of heaven1 ,that eye hath not seen1 nor ear heard1 neither hath it entered into the heart of man what things ,god hath prepared for them that love ,him4 7,i4 ,cor4 ii41 #i47 ,q4 #acih4 ,are the rewards in heaven and the punishments in hell the same for all who enter into either of these states8 ,a4 ,the rewards of heaven and the punishments in hell are not the same for all who enter into either of these states1 because each one's reward or punishment is in proportion to the amount of good or evil he has done in this world4 ,but as heaven and hell are everlasting1 each one will enjoy his reward or suffer his punishment forever4 ,q4 #acii4 #dba ,what words should we bear always in mind8 ,a4 ,we should bear always in mind these words of our ,lord and ,saviour ,jesus ,christ3 ,what doth it profit a man if he gain the whole world and suffer the loss of his own soul1 or what exchange shall a man give for his soul8 ,for the ,son of man shall come in the glory of ,his ,father with ,his angels2 and then will ,he render to every man according to his works4 ,q4 #adjj4 ,name some of the more essential religious truths we must know and believe4 ,a4 ,some of the more essential religious truths we must know and believe are3 7#a7 ,that there is but one ,god1 and ,he will reward the good and punish the wicked4 7#b7 ,that in ,god there are three ,divine ,persons3 the ,father1 the ,son1 and the ,holy ,ghost1 and these ,divine ,persons are called the ,blessed ,trinity4 7#c7 ,that ,jesus ,christ1 the ,second ,person of the ,blessed ,trinity1 became man and died for our redemption4 7#d7 ,that the grace of ,god is necessary for our salvation4 7#e7 ,that the human soul is immortal4