,,plays ,,act+ ,,& ,,music ,a ,,book ,,( ,,!ory ,,by ,,ar?ur ,,symons ,,london #aiji ,to ,maurice ,maet]l9ck 9 fri5d%ip & admiration ,,preface ,:5 ?is book 0 fir/ publi%$ x conta9$ a l>ge am\nt ( mat]ial :i* is n[ tak5 out ( x2 additions h be5 made1 besides _m corrections & *anges2 & ! :ole =m ( ! book has be5 remodell$4 ,x is n[ m :at x ought to h be5 f ! fir/2 :at ,i saw1 f ! mom5t ( its publication1 t x ought to h be53 a book ( !ory4 ,! r =mal ann\ncem5t ( my int5tions :i* ,i made 9 my preface is repr9t$ "h1 because1 at all ev5ts1 ! programme 0 c>ri$ out4 ,?is book1 ,i said !n1 is int5d$ to =m "p ( a s]ies1 on :i* ,i h be5 engag$ = _m ye>s4 ,i am gradually work+ my way t[>ds ! concrete expression ( a !ory1 or sy/em ( /hetics1 ( all ! arts4 ,9 my book on ,! ,symboli/ ,movem5t 9 ,lit]ature ,i made a fir/ attempt to deal 9 ?is way ) lit]ature2 o!r volumes1 n[ 9 prep>ation1 are to foll[4 ,! pres5t volume deals ma9ly ) ! /age1 &1 second>ily1 ) music2 x is to be foll[$ by a volume call$ ,/udies 9 ,sev5 ,arts1 9 :i* music w be dealt ) 9 great] detail1 side by side ) pa9t+1 sculpture1 ar*itecture1 h&icraft1 danc+1 & ! v>i\s arts ( ! /age4 ,&1 z life too is a =m ( art1 & ! visible _w ! *ief /oreh\se ( beauty1 ,i try to indulge my curiosity by ! /udy ( places & ( p4 ,a book on ,cities is n[ 9 ! press1 & a book ( imag9>y portraits is to foll[1 "u ! title ( ,spiritual ,adv5tures4 ,side by side ) ^! /udies 9 ! arts ,i h my own art1 t ( v]se1 :i* is1 aft] all1 my *ief conc]n4 ,9 all my critical & !oretical writ+ ,i wi% to be z little ab/ract z possible1 & to /udy fir/ pr9ciples1 n s mu* z !y exi/ 9 ! bra9 ( ! !ori/1 b z !y may be discov]$1 alive & 9 effective action1 9 e a*iev$ =m ( art4 ,i d n und]/& ! limitation by :i* s _m writ]s on /hetics *oose to conf9e !mselves to ! /udy ( arti/ic pr9ciples z !y are se5 9 ?is or t sep>ate =m ( art4 ,ea* art has its own laws1 its own capacities1 its own limits2 ^! x is ! bus9ess ( ! critic jeal\sly to di/+ui%4 ,yet 9 ! /udy ( art z art1 x %\ld be 8 endeav\r to ma/] ! univ]sal sci5ce ( beauty4 #aijc1 #aijg4 ,,cont5ts ,,introduction ,an ,apology = ,puppets #c ,,plays ,,& ,,act+ ,nietzs*e on ,trag$y #aa ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt #ag ,coquel9 & ,molire #bi ,rjane #cg ,yvette ,guilb]t #db ,sir ,h5ry ,irv+ #eb ,duse 9 ,"s ( ,h] ,p>ts #fj ,annotations #gg ,m4 ,capus 9 ,engl& #ic ,a ,d\ble ,enigma #ajj ,,drama ,pr(essional & ,unpr(essional #aji ,tol/oi & ,o!rs #aae ,"s ,problem ,plays #abd ,monna ,vanna #acg ,! ,"q ( ,c5sor%ip #adc ,a ,play & ! ,public #adh ,! ,te/ ( ! ,actor #aeb ,! ,price ( ,realism #afb ,on ,cross+ ,/age to ,"r #afg ,! ,speak+ ( ,v]se #agc ,great ,act+ 9 ,engli% #ahb ,a ,!ory ( ! ,/age #aih ,! ,sicilian ,actors #bac ,,music ,on ,writ+ ab\t ,music #bbi ,te*nique & ! ,arti/ #bcb ,pa*mann & ! ,piano #bcg ,pad]ewski #beh ,a ,reflection at a ,dolmets* ,conc]t #bfh ,! ,dramatisation ( ,song #bgg ,! ,me9+5 ,or*e/ra #bhd ,moz>t 9 ! ,mirabell-,g>t5 #bij ,notes on ,wagn] at ,bayreu? #big ,conclusion3 ,a ,p>adox on ,art #cae ,,introduction ,,an ,,apology ,,= ,,puppets ,aft] see+ a ballet1 a f>ce1 & ! fragm5t ( an op]a p]=m$ by ! m>ionettes at ! ,co/anzi ,!atre 9 ,rome1 ,i am incl9$ to ask myself :y we require ! int]v5tion ( any less p]fect m$ium betwe5 ! mean+ ( a piece1 z ! au?or conceiv$ x1 & t o!r mean+ :i* x d]ives f our reception ( x4 ,! liv+ actor1 ev5 :5 he condesc5ds to subord9ate himself to ! requirem5ts ( pantomime1 has always :at he is pr\d to call 8 temp]am5t2 9 o!r words1 s mu* p]sonal caprice1 :i* = ! mo/ "p means wilful misund]/&+2 & 9 see+ 8 act+ y h to consid] ?is intrusive little p]sonality ( 8 z well z ! au?or's4 ,! m>ionette may be reli$ ^u4 ,he w respond to an indication )\t res]ve or revolt2 an error on 8 "p 7we are all human7 w c]ta9ly be ! fault ( ! au?or2 he c be tra9$ to p]fection4 ,z he is pa9t$1 s w he smile2 z ! wires lift or l[] 8 h&s1 s w 8 ge/ures be2 & he w dance :5 8 legs are set 9 motion4 ,se5 at a di/ance1 ! puppets cease to be an amus+ piece ( me*anism1 imitat+ real p2 !re is no diff]5ce4 ,i prote/ t ! ,knight :o came 9 ) 8 plum$ hat1 8 %9+ sword1 & flung back 8 long cloak ) s f9e a sweep ( ! arm1 0 exactly ! same to me z if he _h be5 a liv+ actor1 dress$ 9 ! same clo!s1 & imitat+ ! ge/ure ( a knight2 & t ! contra/ ( :at 0 real1 z we say1 "u ! fiction appe>s to me less ironical 9 ! =m] ?an 9 ! latt]4 ,we h to all[1 y w admit1 at lea/ z mu* to ! b5efic5t height5+ ( trave/y1 if we h ev] se5 ! liv+ actor 9 ! morn+1 n yet %av$1 /&+ at ! b>1 8 hat on "o side1 8 m\? spread+ 9 t ab&onm5t to laught] :i* has become f ! necessity ( 8 pr(ession1 a natural trick2 oh1 mu* m1 ,i ?9k1 ?an if we m]ely come ^u an always decorative1 nev] an obtrusive1 co/um$ figure1 lean+ aga9/ ! wall1 non*alantly en\gh1 9 a corn] ( ! c\lisses4 ,to %>p5 our s5se ( :at is illusive 9 ! illusion ( ! puppets1 let u sit n too f> f ! /age4 ,*oos+ our place c>efully1 we %all h ! satisfaction ( always see+ ! wires at _! "w1 :ile ,i ?9k we %all lose no?+ ( :at is mo/ sav\ry 9 ! fea/ ( ! illusion4 ,!re is n inde$ ! appeal to ! s5ses ( ! fir/ r[ ( ! /alls at a ballet ( liv+ danc]s4 ,b is n t a trifle too obvi\s s5tim5t = ! true arti/ 9 artificial ?+s8 ,:y leave ! ball-room8 ,x is n nature t "o looks = on ! /age 9 ?is k9d ( spectacle1 & our excitem5t 9 wat*+ x %\ld rema9 purely intellectual4 ,if y pref] t o!r k9d ( illusion1 g a little fur!r away1 &1 ,i assure y1 y w f9d x q easy to fall 9 love ) a m>ionette4 ,i h se5 ! mo/ adorable heads1 ) real hair too1 among ! wood5 danc]s ( a !atre ( puppets2 faces :i* might easily1 ) b a little ( t good-w :i* goes to all fall+ 9 love1 seem ! answ] to a p>ticul> dream1 mak+ all o!r faces 9 ! _w b spoilt copies ( ?is inspir$ piece ( pa9t$ wood4 ,b ! illusion1 to a m scrupul\s ta/e1 w consi/ simply 9 t complication ( view :i* all[s u to see wood & wire imitat+ an imitation1 & :i* delights u less :5 se5 at :at is call$ ! prop] di/ance1 :]e ! two are indi/+ui%able1 ?an :5 se5 f j ! po9t :]e all t is crudely me*anical hides ! com$y ( :at is1 absolutely1 a deception4 ,los+1 z we d1 some?+ ( ! p>ticul>ity ( ^! pa9t$ faces1 we are able to enjoy all ! bett] :at x is c]ta9ly important we %\ld appreciate1 if we are truly to appreciate our puppets4 ,?is is no?+ less ?an a fanta/ic1 yet a direct1 return to ! masks ( ! ,greeks3 t le>n$ artifice by :i* trag$y & com$y 7 assi/$ 9 speak+ to ! _w ) ! univ]sal voice1 by ?is delib]ate g5]alis+ ( emotion4 ,x w be a lesson to "s ( our mod]n notions2 & x may be in/ructive = u to consid] t we c\ld n give a play ( ,ibs5's to m>ionettes1 b t we c\ld give !m ! ,agamemnon4 ,above all1 = we ne$ x above all1 let ! m>ionettes rem9d u t ! art ( ! !atre %\ld be beautiful fir/1 & !n inde$ :at y w aft]w>ds4 ,ge/ure on ! /age is ! equival5t ( rhy?m 9 v]se1 & x c convey1 z a p]fect rhy?m %\ld1 n a little ( ! inn] mean+ ( words1 a mean+ p]haps m lat5t 9 ?+s4 ,does n ge/ure inde$ make emotion1 m c]ta9ly & m imm$iately ?an emotion makes ge/ure8 ,y may feel t y may suppress emotion2 b assume a smile1 lift$ eyebr[s1 a cl5*$ fi/1 & x is impossible = y n to assume along ) ! ge/ure1 if b = a mom5t1 ! emotion to :i* t ge/ure corresponds4 ,9 our m>ionettes1 !n1 we get p]sonifi$ ge/ure1 & ! ge/ure1 l all o!r =ms ( emotion1 g5]alis$4 ,! appeal 9 :at seems to y ^! *ildi% manoeuvres is to a f9]1 because to a m intimately poetic1 s5se ( ?+s ?an ! m]ely rationali/ic appeal ( v mod]n plays4 ,if at times we laugh1 x is ) wond] at see+ humanity s gay1 h]oic1 & untir+4 ,!re is ! romantic sugge/ion ( magic 9 ?is beauty4 ,maet]l9ck wrote on ! title-page ( "o ( 8 volumes ,drames p\r m>ionettes1 no d\bt to intimate 8 s5se ( ! symbolic value1 9 ! int]pretation ( a pr(\nd inn] mean+ ( t ext]nal nullity :i* ! m>ionette by its v nature emphasises4 ,& s ,i f9d my puppets1 :]e ! extremes meet1 ready to int]pret n only ! ,agamemnon1 b ,la ,mort de ,t9tagiles2 = ! s\l1 :i* is to make1 we may suppose1 ! drama ( ! future1 is cont5t ) z simple a m\?piece z ,fate & ! great passions1 :i* 7 ! classic drama4 ,,plays ,,& ,,act+ ,,nietzs*e ,,on ,,trag$y ,i h be5 read+ ,nietzs*e on ! ,orig9 ( ,trag$y ) ! delight ( "o :o discov]s a new _w1 :i* he has se5 already 9 a dream4 ,i nev] take up ,nietzs*e )\t ! surprise ( f9d+ some?+ famili>4 ,sometimes x is ! answ] to a "q :i* ,i h only ask$2 sometimes x seems to me t ,i h guess$ at ! answ]4 ,&1 9 8 re/less en]gy1 8 halluc9atory1 vision1 ! agility ( ?is climb+ m9d ( ! m\nta9s1 ,i f9d t invigoration :i* only a tragic philosoph] c give4 ,a sort ( my/ic s\l1 z he says ( himself1 almo/ ! s\l ( a ,mnad1 :o1 tr\bl$1 caprici\s1 & half irresolute :e!r to c$e or fly1 /amm]s out some?+ 9 a =eign tongue4 ,! book is a /udy 9 ! orig9 ( trag$y among ! ,greeks1 z x arose out ( music ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! *orus4 ,we are apt to look on ! *orus 9 ,greek plays z almo/ a negligible "p ( ! /ructure2 z1 9 fact1 h>dly m ?an ! comm5ts ( t ideal spectator :om ,s*legel call$ up out ( ! dep?s ( ! ,g]man consci\sness4 ,we "k1 h[ev]1 t ! *orus 0 ! orig9al nucleus ( ! play1 t ! action on :i* x seems only to comm5t is no m ?an a developm5t ( ! *orus4 ,"h is ! problem to :i* ,nietzs*e endeav\rs to f9d an answ]4 ,he f9ds x1 unlike ! le>n$ p]sons :o /udy ,greek texts1 among ! roots ( ?+s1 9 ! v mak+ ( ! univ]se4 ,art arises1 he tells u1 f ! conflict ( ! two creative spirits1 symbolis$ by ! ,greeks 9 ! two gods1 ,apollo & ,dionysus2 & he names ! "o ! ,apollonian _s1 :i* we see 9 pla/ic art1 & ! o!r ! ,dionysiac _s1 :i* we see 9 music4 ,apollo is ! god ( dreams1 ,dionysus ! god ( intoxication2 ! "o repres5ts = u ! _w ( appe>ances1 ! o!r is1 z x 71 ! voice ( ?+s 9 !mselves4 ,! *orus1 !n1 :i* arose out ( ! hymns to ,dionysus1 is ! lyric cry1 ! vital ec/asy2 ! drama is ! projection into vision1 into a picture1 ( ! ext]ior1 tempor>y _w ( =ms4 ,we n[ see t ! /age & ! action are conceiv$ only z vision3 t ! sole 'reality' is precisely ! *orus1 :i* itself produces ! vision1 & expresses x by ! aid ( ! :ole symbolism ( dance1 s\nd1 & ^w4 ,9 ! admirable phrase ( ,s*ill]1 ! *orus is a liv+ ramp>t aga9/ reality1 aga9/ t false reality ( daily life :i* is a m]e drap]y ( civilisation1 & has no?+ to d ) ! primitive reality ( nature4 ,! reali/ic drama beg9s ) ,euripides2 & ,euripides1 ! casui/1 ! fri5d ( ,socrates 7:om ,nietzs*e qualifies z ! true decad5t1 an in/rum5t ( decomposition1 ! slay] ( art1 ! fa!r ( mod]n sci5ce71 br+s trag$y to an end1 z he sub/itutes pa?os = action1 ?\ght = contemplation1 & passionate s5tim5ts = ! primitive ec/asy4 ,arm$ ) ! sc\rge ( its syllogisms1 an optimi/ dialectic drives ! music out ( trag$y3 t is to say1 de/roys ! v ess5ce ( trag$y1 an ess5ce :i* c be int]pret$ only z a manife/ation & objectivation ( ,dionysiac /ates1 z a visible symbol ( music1 z ! dream-_w ( a ,dionysiac intoxication4 ,!re are _m pages1 scatt]$ ?r\gh\t 8 "w1 9 :i* ,pat] has dealt ) "s ( ! ,greek problems v mu* 9 ! _s ( ,nietzs*e2 ) t problem1 = in/ance1 ( ! bli!ness & s]5ity ( ! ,greek _s1 & ( ! gulf ( horror ov] :i* x seems to re/1 susp5d$ z on ! w+s ( ! condor4 ,t my? ( ,dionysus ,zagreus1 a ,bac*us :o _h be5 9 hell1 :i* is ! f\ndation ( ! m>vell\s new my? ( ,d5ys l',aux]rois1 seems always to be 9 ! m9d ( ,nietzs*e1 ?\gh inde$ he ref]s to x b once1 & pass+ly4 ,pat] has %[n1 z ,nietzs*e %[s 9 great] detail & ) a m rigor\s logic1 t ?is s]5ity 0 b an accept$ illusion1 & all ,olympus itself b int]m$i>y1 an escape1 ?r\gh ! /hetics ( religion1 f ! tr\ble at ! he>t ( ?+s2 art1 ) its tragic illusions ( life1 be+ ano!r =m ( escape4 ,to ,nietzs*e ! _w & exi/5ce ju/ify !mselves only z an /hetic ph5om5on1 ! "w ( a god :olly ! arti/2 & 9 ?is s5se ! object ( ! tragic my? is precisely to conv9ce u t ev5 ! horrible & ! mon/r\s are no m ?an an /hetic game play$ ) itself by ! ,w 9 ! et]nal pl5itude ( its joy4 ,! ,w is ,s*op5hau]'s ,w1 ! vital pr9ciple4 ,if x 7 possible1 says ,nietzs*e1 9 "o ( 8 a/oni%+ figures ( spee*1 to imag9e a dissonance becom+ a human be+ 7& :at is man b t871 9 ord] to endure life1 ?is dissonance w\ld ne$ "s admirable illusion to hide f itself its true nature1 "u a veil ( beauty4 ,?is is ! aim ( art1 z x calls up pictures ( ! visible _w & ( ! little tempor>y actions ( m5 on its surface4 ,! ho($ satyr ( ,dionysus1 z he leaps into ! mid/ ( ^! graci\s appe>ances1 drunk ) ! "y w9e ( nature1 surly ) ! old wisdom ( ,sil5us1 br+s ! real1 excessive1 di/urb+ tru? ( ?+s sudd5ly into ! illusion2 & is gone aga91 ) a %rill laugh1 )\t =c+ on u m ( 8 pres5ce ?an we c be>4 ,i h b t\*$ on a few po9ts 9 an argum5t :i* has itself ! ec/atic quality ( :i* x speaks4 ,a good deal ( ! book is conc]n$ ) ! late/ developm5t ( music1 & especially ) ,wagn]4 ,nietzs*e1 aft] 8 *ange ( sides1 tells u n to take ?is "p too s]i\sly3 :at ,i fanci$ ,i he>d 9 ! ,wagn]ian music has no?+ to d ) ,wagn]4 ,few bett] ?+s h be5 said ab\t music ?an ^! pages2 "s ( !m might be quot$ aga9/ ! programme music :i* has be5 writt5 s9ce t "t1 & aga9/ ! false !ory on :i* musicians h attempt$ to h>ness music 9 ! %afts ( lit]ature4 ,! :ole book is awak5+2 9 ,nietzs*e's own words1 a prodigi\s hope speaks 9 x4 ,,s>ah ,,b]nh>dt ,i am n sure t ! be/ mom5t to /udy an arti/ is n ! mom5t ( :at is call$ decad5ce4 ,! fir/ en]gy ( inspiration is gone2 :at rema9s is ! me?od1 ! me*anism1 & x is t :i* alone "o c /udy1 z "o c /udy ! me*anism ( ! body1 n ! pr9ciple ( life itself4 ,:at is done me*anically1 aft] ! heat ( ! blood has cool$1 & ! div9e accid5ts h ceas$ to happ51 is precisely all t 0 consci\sly skilful 9 ! p]=mance ( an art4 ,to see all ?is me*anism left b>e1 z ! =m ( ! skeleton is left b>e :5 age ?9s ! fle% ^u x1 is to le>n m easily all t is to be le>nt ( /ructure1 ! art :i* n art b nature has hi!rto conceal$ ) its m]ciful cov]+4 ,! art ( ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt has always be5 a v consci\s art1 b x spoke to u1 once1 ) s electrical a %ock1 z if n]ve t\*$ n]ve1 or ! m]e cont\r subtil ( ! voice 7 laid t+l+ly on "o's sp9al cord1 t x 0 difficult to analyse x coldly4 ,%e 0 ,phdre or ,m>gu]ite ,gauti]1 %e 0 ,adri5ne ,lec\vreur1 ,fdora1 ,la ,tosca1 ! actual woman1 & %e 0 also t o!r actual woman1 ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt4 ,two magics met & unit$1 9 ! arti/ & ! woman1 ea* alone ( its k9d4 ,!re 0 an excitem5t 9 go+ to ! !atre2 "o's pulses beat fev]i%ly be=e ! curta9 _h ris52 !re 0 almo/ a k9d ( obscure s5sation ( p]il1 su* z "o feels :5 ! lioness leaps into ! cage1 on ! o!r side ( ! b>s4 ,& ! act+ 0 l a passionate decl>ation1 (f]$ to "s "o unkn[n2 x 0 z if ! :ole n]v\s =ce ( ! audi5ce 7 suck$ out ( x & flung back1 int5sifi$1 ^u itself1 z x enc\nt]$ ! s+le1 insatiable1 indomitable n]v\s =ce ( ! woman4 ,& s1 9 its way1 ?is v artificial act+ seem$ ! m]e in/9ctive1 irresi/ible expression ( a temp]am5t2 x mesm]is$ "o1 awak5+ ! s5ses & s5d+ ! intellig5ce to sleep4 ,aft] all1 ?\gh ,rjane sk9s emotions alive1 & ,duse s]ves !m up to y on gold5 di%es1 x is ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt :o prep>es ! supreme fea/4 ,9 ,la ,dame aux ,camlias1 /ill1 %e %[s h]self1 z an actress1 ! greate/ actress 9 ! _w4 ,x is all %e] act+2 !re is no sugge/ion1 z ) ,duse1 !re is no canaille attractiv5ess1 z ) ,rjane2 ! ?+ is pla/ic1 a modell+ ( emotion be=e y1 ) e ve9 visible2 %e leaves no?+ to ! imag9ation1 gives y e motion1 all ! physical signs ( dea?1 all ! fi]ce ab&onm5t to e mood1 to grief1 to delight1 to lassitude4 ,:5 %e suff]s1 9 ! sc5e1 = in/ance1 :]e ,arm& insults h]1 %e is l a trapp$ wild bea/ :i* "s "o is tortur+1 & %e wakes j t h>r[+ pity4 ,"o's :ole fle% suff]s ) h] fle%2 h] voice c>esses & excites l a t\*2 x has a ?robb+1 monoton\s music1 :i* breaks delici\sly1 :i* pauses susp5d$1 & !n resolves itself 9 a p]fect *ord4 ,h] voice is l a ?+ deta*able f h]self1 a ?+ :i* %e takes 9 h] h&s l a musical in/rum5t1 play+ on ! /ops cunn+ly ) h] f+]s4 ,prose1 :5 %e speaks x1 becomes a k9d ( v]se1 ) all ! rhy?ms1 ! vocal h>monies1 ( a k9d ( human poetry4 ,h] :isp] is he>d across ! :ole !atre1 e syllable di/9ct1 & yet x is really a :isp]4 ,%e comes on ! /age l a miracul\s pa9t$ idol1 all n]ves2 %e runs ?r\gh ! gamut ( ! sex1 & ends a *ild1 :5 ! approa* ( dea? br+s ,m>gu]ite back to t deep infantile "p ( woman4 ,%e plays ! "p n[ ) ! accu/om$ ease ( "o :o puts on & (f an old %oe4 ,x is almo/ a "p ( h]2 %e kn[s x ?r\gh all h] s5ses4 ,& %e mov$ me z mu* la/ night z %e mov$ me :5 ,i fir/ saw h] play ! "p elev5 or twelve ye>s ago4 ,to me1 sitt+ :]e ,i 0 n too ne> ! /age1 %e might h be5 five-&-tw5ty4 ,i saw none ( ! me*anism ( ! art1 z ,i saw x 9 ,l',aiglon2 "h art /ill conceal$ art4 ,h] vitality 0 equal to ! vitality ( ,rjane2 x is diff]5tly express$1 t is all4 ,) ,rjane ! vitality is direct2 x is ! appeal ( ,gavro*e1 ! %>p1 impud5t ur*9 ( ! /reets2 ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt's vitality is electrical1 & %oots its curr5ts ?r\gh all mann] ( w9d+ ways4 ,9 =m x belongs to an e>li] p]iod1 j z ! writ+ ( ,dumas fils belongs to an e>li] p]iod ?an ! writ+ ( ,meilhac4 ,x comes to u ) ! tradition to :i* x has giv5 life2 x does n spr+ into our mid/1 unruly z nature4 ,b x is 9 ,phdre t ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt mu/ be se51 if we are to realise all t h] art is capable (4 ,9 writ+ ,phdre1 ,rac9e anticipat$ ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt4 ,if ! "p _h be5 made = h] by a poet ( our own days1 x c\ld n h be5 br\ght m p]fectly )9 h] limits1 nor c\ld x h m p]fectly fill$ ^? limits to _! utmo/ edge4 ,x is "o ( ! greate/ p>ts 9 poetical drama1 & x is writt5 ) a s5se ( ! /age n less sure ?an its s5se ( dramatic poetry4 ,!re 0 a "t :5 ,rac9e 0 look$ ^u z old-fa%ion$1 z conv5tional1 z frigid4 ,x is realis$ n[adays t 8 v]se has cad5ces l ! cad5ces ( ,v]la9e1 t 8 language is z simple & direct z prose1 & t he is "o ( ! mo/ passionate ( poets4 ,( ! "* ( ,phdre ,rac9e tells u t x is ce que j'ai peut-tre mis de plus raisonnable sur le ?tre4 ,! ^w /rikes oddly on our e>s1 b e /age ( ! passion ( ,phdre is inde$ reasonable1 logical1 z only a ,fr5* poet1 s9ce ! ,greeks !mselves1 c\ld make x4 ,! passion itself is an abnormal1 an insane ?+1 & t passion comes to u ) all its =ce & all its p]v]sity2 b ! words 9 :i* x is express$ are nev] extravagant1 !y are always cle>1 simple1 temp]ate1 p]fectly precise & explicit4 ,! art is an art exquisitely balanc$ betwe5 ! conv5tional & ! reali/ic1 & ! art ( ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt1 :5 %e plays ! "p1 is balanc$ ) j ! same un]r+ skill4 ,%e seems to ab&on h]self :olly1 at times1 to h] fureurs2 %e te>s ! words ) h] tee?1 & spits !m out ( h] m\?1 l a wild bea/ rav5+ ^u prey2 b !re is always dignity1 re/ra9t1 a c]ta9 remot5ess ( s\l1 & !re is always ! v]se1 & h] miracul\s r5d]+ ( ! v]se1 to keep ,rac9e 9 ! "r atmosph]e4 ,( :at we call act+ !re is little1 little *ange 9 ! expression ( ! face4 ,! "p is a "p = ! voice1 & x is only 9 ,phdre t "o c he> t or*e/ra1 h] voice1 9 all its v>iety ( beauty4 ,9 h] mod]n plays1 plays 9 prose1 %e is condemn$ to use only a few ( ! in/rum5ts ( ! or*e/ra3 an actress mu/1 9 su* p>ts1 be conv]sational1 & = h[ mu* beauty or v>iety is !re room 9 mod]n conv]sation8 ,b "h %e has ,rac9e's v]se1 along ) ,rac9e's psy*ology1 & ! language has no?+ m to (f] ! voice ( a tragic actress4 ,%e seems to speak h] words1 h] l9es1 ) a k9d ( joyful satisfaction2 all ! arti/ 9 h] delights 9 ! task4 ,h] n]ves are 9 x1 z well z h] intellig5ce2 b ev]y?+ is col\r$ by ! poetry1 ev]y?+ is subord9ate to beauty4 ,well1 & %e seems /ill to be ! same ,phdre t %e 0 elev5 or twelve ye>s ago1 z %e is ! same ,dame aux ,camlias4 ,is x reality1 is x illusion8 ,illusion1 p]haps1 b an illusion :i* makes itself into a v effectual k9d ( reality4 ,%e has play$ ^! pieces until %e has got !m1 n only by he>t1 b by e n]ve & by e ve91 & n[ ! gho/ ( ! real ?+ is s l ! real ?+ t !re is h>dly any tell+ ! "o f ! o!r4 ,x is ! liv+ on ( a ma/]y once absolutely a*iev$1 )\t s mu* z ! ne$ ( a new ef=t4 ,! te/ ( ! arti/1 ! te/ :i* decides h[ f> ! arti/ is /ill liv+1 z m ?an a =ce ( memory1 lies 9 ! p[] to create a new "p1 to br+ new mat]ial to life4 ,la/ ye>1 9 ,l',aiglon1 x seem$ to me t ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt %[$ h[ little %e /ill possess$ t p[]1 & ?is ye> ,i see ! same failure 9 ,francesca da ,rim9i4 ,! play1 x mu/ be admitt$1 is hopelessly poor1 common1 melodramatic1 )\t atmosph]e1 )\t nobility1 subtlety1 or passion2 x degrades ! /ory :i* we owe to ,dante & n to hi/ory 7=1 9 itself1 ! /ory is a q ord9>y /ory ( adult]y3 ,dante & ! flames ( 8 hell purg$ x71 x degrades x almo/ out ( all recognition4 ,^! middle-ag$ p1 :o wrangle %rewi%ly beh9d ! j turn$ back ( ! husb& & almo/ 9 ! he>+ ( ! *ild1 are p 9 :om x is impossible to be int]e/$1 ap>t f any f9e mean+s put into !m 9 ! act+4 ,& yet1 s9ce ,m4 de ,max has made h>dly less ?an a creation out ( ! "p ( ,giovanni1 fill+ x1 z he has1 ) 8 own n]v\s =ce & passionately re/ra9$ art1 might x n h be5 possible once = ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt to h ?rill$ u ev5 z ?is ,francesca ( ,mr4 ,m>ion ,craw=d8 ,i ?9k s2 %e has tak5 bad plays z will+ly z good plays1 to turn !m to h] own purpose1 & %e has be5 z triumphant1 if n z f9e1 9 bad plays z 9 good ones4 ,n[ h] ,francesca is lifeless1 a melodi\s image1 mak+ mean+less music4 ,%e says ov] ! words1 coo+ly1 *ant+ly1 or frantically1 z ! expression m>ks1 to :i* %e seems to act1 dem&4 ,! int]e/ is 9 foll[+ h] expression-m>ks4 ,! fir/ ?+ "o notices 9 h] act+1 :5 "o is free to wat* x coolly1 is ! way 9 :i* %e subord9ates effects to effect4 ,%e has h] cresc5dos1 ( c\rse1 & x is ^! :i* p are mo/ apt to rememb]1 b ! extraord9>y =ce ( ^! cresc5dos comes f ! smoo? & level mann] 9 :i* ! ma9 "p ( ! speak+ is done4 ,%e is n anxi\s to make po9ts at e mom5t1 to put all ! possible emphasis into e sep>ate phrase2 ,i h he>d h] glide ov] really significant phrases :i*1 tak5 by !mselves1 w\ld seem to des]ve m consid]ation1 b :i* %e has wisely subord9at$ to an ov]p[]+ effect ( ensemble4 ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt's act+ always rem9ds me ( a musical p]=mance4 ,h] voice is itself an in/rum5t ( music1 & %e plays ^u x z a conductor plays ^u an or*e/ra4 ,"o seems to see ! expression m>ks3 piano1 pianissimo1 l>gam5te1 & j :]e ! tempo rubato comes 94 ,%e nev] =gets t art is n nature1 & t :5 "o is speak+ v]se "o is n talk+ prose4 ,%e speaks ) a liquid articulation ( e syllable1 l "o :o loves ! sav\r ( words on ! tongue1 giv+ !m a beauty & an expressiv5ess (t5 n 9 !m !mselves4 ,h] face *anges less ?an y might expect2 x is n ov]-possess$ by detail1 x gives always ! syn!sis4 ,! smile ( ! arti/1 a wond]ful smile :i* has nev] ag$ ) h]1 pi]ces ?r\gh ! passion or languor ( ! "p4 ,x is (t5 accompani$ by a suave1 voluptu\s toss+ ( ! head1 & is l ! smile ( "o :o inhales "s delici\s p]fume1 ) half-clos$ eyes4 ,all ?r\gh ! level p]fection ( h] act+ !re are little %>p snaps ( ! n]ves2 & ^! are b "o indication ( t p]fect me*anism :i* h] art really is4 ,h] f+] is always ^u ! spr+2 x t\*es or releases x1 & ! effect foll[s in/antane\sly4 ,! movem5ts ( h] body1 h] ge/ures1 ! expression ( h] face1 are all h>moni\s1 are all p>ts ( a s+le h>mony4 ,x is n reality :i* %e aims at giv+ u1 x is reality transpos$ into ano!r atmosph]e1 z if se5 9 a mirror1 9 :i* all its outl9es become m graci\s4 ,! pleasure :i* we get f see+ h] z ,francesca or z ,m>gu]ite ,gauti] is d\bl$ by t o!r pleasure1 nev] completely out ( our m9ds1 t %e is also ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt4 ,"o sometimes =gets t ,rjane is act+ at all2 x is ! real woman ( ! "p1 ,sapho1 or ,zaza1 or ,yanetta1 :o lives be=e u4 ,also "o sometimes =gets t ,duse is act+1 t %e is ev5 pret5d+ to be ,magda or ,silvia2 x is ,duse h]self :o lives !re1 on ! /age4 ,b ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt is always ! actress z well z ! "p2 :5 %e is at h] be/1 %e is bo? equally1 & our consci\sness ( ! "o does n di/urb our possession by ! o!r4 ,:5 %e is n at h] be/1 we see only ! actress1 ! incomp>able craftswoman op5ly lab\r+ at h] "w4 ,,coquel9 ,,& ,,moli,,re3 ,,"s ,,aspects ,to see ,coquel9 9 ,molire is to see ! greate/ ( comic actors at 8 be/1 & to realise t "h is n a temp]am5t1 or a /ud5t1 or any?+ ap>t f ! art ( ! actor4 ,8 art may be comp>$ ) t ( ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt = its inf9ite c>e 9 ! tra9+ ( nature4 ,!y h an equal p]fection1 b x may be said t ,coquel91 ) 8 ripe1 mell[ art1 8 passion ( hum\r1 8 t\*+ vehem5ce1 makes himself seem less a div9e ma*9e1 m a delightfully faulty p]son4 ,8 voice is firm1 sonor\s1 flexible1 a human1 expressive1 amus+ voice1 n ! elaborate musical in/rum5t ( ,s>ah1 :i* seems to g by itself1 cl9e1 coo+1 lam5t+1 rag+1 or 9 t wond]ful swift *att] :i* %e uses ) su* in/ant & delib]ate effect4 ,&1 unlike h]1 8 face is ! face ( 8 "p1 always a disguise1 nev] a revelation4 ,i h be5 see+ ! ?ree ,coquel9s & _! company at ! ,g>rick ,!atre4 ,!y did ,t>tuffe1 ,l',av>e1 ,le ,b\rgeois ,g5tilhomme1 ,les ,prcieuses ,ridicules1 & a cond5s$ v]sion ( ,le ,dpit ,am\reux1 9 :i* ! f\r acts ( ! orig9al 7 cut d[n into two4 ,( ^! five plays only two are 9 v]se1 ,t>tuffe & ,le ,dpit ,am\reux1 & ,i c\ld n help wi%+ t ! fa%ion ( ,molire's day _h all[$ him to write all 8 plays 9 prose4 ,molire 0 n a poet1 & he knew t he 0 n a poet4 ,:5 he v5tur$ to write ! mo/ ,%akespe>ean ( 8 com$ies1 ,l',av>e1 9 prose1 le mme prjug1 ,voltaire tells u1 qui avait fait tomb] 'le ,fe/9 de ,pi]re1' p>ce qu'il tait en prose1 nuisit au succs de 'l',av>e4' ,cep5dant le public qui1 la longue1 se r5d t\j\rs au bon1 f9it p> donn] cet ouvrage les applaudissem5ts qu'il mrite4 ,on comprit alors qu'il peut y avoir de =t bonnes comdies en prose4 ,h[ inf9itely f9]1 z prose1 is ! prose ( ,l',av>e ?an ! v]se ( ,t>tuffe z v]se6 ,9 ,t>tuffe all ! art ( ! actor is requir$ to c>ry y ov] ! artificial jangle ( ! alex&r9es )\t all[+ y to p]ceive too cle>ly t ?is man1 :o is c]ta9ly n speak+ poetry1 is speak+ 9 rhyme4 ,molire 0 a great prose writ]1 b ,i d n rememb] a l9e ( poetry 9 ! :ole ( 8 "w 9 v]se4 ,! temp] ( 8 m9d 0 ! temp] ( m9d ( ! prose-writ]4 ,8 worldly wisdom1 8 active philosophy1 ! v ma9spr+ ( 8 plots1 are f\nd1 *>act]i/ically1 9 8 valets & 8 s]vant-maids4 ,he satirises ! mis]1 ! hypocrite1 ! bas-bleu1 b he *uckles ov] ,fros9e & ,gros-,r52 he loves !m = _! fre$om ( spee* & _! ela/ic m9ds1 ready 9 words or de$s4 ,!y are 8 *orus1 if ! *orus might be imag9$ z direct+ ! action4 ,b ,molire has a weakness1 too1 = ! b\rgeois1 & he has made ,m4 ,j\rda9 immortally delightful4 ,!re is n a really cruel t\* 9 ! :ole "*2 we laugh at him s freely because ,molire lets u laugh ) su* k9dl9ess4 ,m4 ,j\rda9 has a robu/ joy 9 life2 he c>ries (f 8 absurdities by ! simple good fai? :i* he puts into !m4 ,:5 ,i speak ( ,m4 ,j\rda9 ,i h>dly "k :e!r ,i am speak+ ( ! "* ( ,molire or ( ! "* ( ,coquel94 ,probably !re is no diff]5ce4 ,we get ,molire's va/1 succul5t f>ce ( ! intellect r5d]$ ) an art l 8 own4 ,if ?is1 9 e detail1 is n :at ,molire meant1 !n s mu* ! worse = ,molire4 ,molire is k9d to 8 b\rgeois1 envelops him s(tly 9 satire z 9 cotton-wool1 d&les him l a great baby2 & ,coquel9 is )\t bitt]ness1 /oops to make /upidity h]oic1 a di/+ui%$ /upidity4 ,a /udy 9 com$y s pr(\nd1 s conv9c+1 s full ( human nature & ( ! art-conceal+ art ( ! /age1 has n be5 se5 9 our "t4 ,z ,masc>ille1 9 ,les ,prcieuses ,ridicules1 ,coquel9 becomes delicate & extravagant1 a sc5t$ :irlw9d2 8 p>ody is m spl5did ?an ! ?+ itself :i* he p>odies1 m full ( f9e %[ & nimble brav]y4 ,!re is beauty 9 ?is broadly comic act+1 ! beauty ( subtle detail4 ,words c d little to def9e a p]=mance :i* is a con/ant s]ies ( little movem5ts ( ! face1 little intonations ( ! voice1 a way ( loll+ 9 ! *air1 a way ( speak+1 ( s++1 ( pres]v+ ! gravity ( burlesque4 ,9 ,t>tuffe we get a =m ( com$y :i* is almo/ tragic1 ! horribly s]i\s com$y ( ! hypocrite4 ,coquel91 :o remakes 8 face1 z by a prolong$ ef=t ( ! muscles1 = e "p1 makes1 = ?is "p1 a great fi%'s face1 heavy1 suppress$1 ) l[]$ eyelids & a secret m\?1 out ( :i* /eals at times "s /eal?y av[al4 ,he has ! movem5ts ( a great slug1 or ( a snail1 if y w1 putt+ out its head & draw+ x back into its %ell4 ,! face waits & plots1 ) a sleepy immobility1 cov]+ a h>d1 indomitable w4 ,x is l a draw+ ( ,daumi]1 if y c imag9e a draw+ :i* r5ews itself at e in/ant1 9 a s]ies ( poses to :i* x is h>dly necess>y to add words4 ,i am told t ,coquel91 9 ! creation ( a "p1 makes 8 way sl[ly1 surely1 inw>ds1 = ! fir/ few weeks ( 8 p]=mance1 & t !n ! ?+ is f9i%$1 to ! lea/ intonation or ge/ure1 & c be laid d[n & tak5 up at w1 )\t a %ade ( diff]5ce 9 ! int]pretation4 ,! "p ( ,matre ,jacques 9 ,l',av>e1 = in/ance1 :i* ,i h j se5 him p]=m ) su* gu/o & su* c]ta9ty1 _h n be5 act$ by him = tw5ty ye>s1 & x 0 done1 )\t rehe>sal1 9 ! mid/ ( a company t requir$ prompt+ at e mom5t4 ,i suppose ?is me?od ( m\ld+ a "p1 z if 9 wet clay1 & !n all[+ x to take h>d1 f9al =m1 is ! me?od natural to ! com$ian1 8 "r me?od4 ,i c h>dly ?9k t ! tragic actor %\ld ev] all[ himself to become s mu* at home ) 8 mat]ial2 t he d>e ev] all[ 8 clay to become q h>d4 ,he has to deal ) ! cont9ually %ift+ /uff ( ! s\l & ( ! passions1 ) nature at its lea/ g5]alis$ mom5ts4 ,! comic actor deals ) nature = ! mo/ "p g5]alis$1 ) ?+s palpably absurd1 ) *>act]i/ics t /rike ! intellig5ce1 n ) emotions t t\* ! he>t or ! s5ses4 ,he comes to m def9ite & to m def9able results1 on :i* he may re/1 confid5t t :at has made an audi5ce laugh once w make x laugh always1 laught] be+ a physiological ?+1 :olly indep5d5t ( mood4 ,9 ?9k+ ( "s excell5t comic actors ( our own1 ,i am /ruck by ! mu* great] ef=t :i* !y seem to make 9 ord] to drive _! po9ts home1 & 9 ord] to get :at !y ?9k v>iety4 ,sir ,*>les ,wyndham is ! only ,engli% actor ,i c ?9k ( at ! mom5t :o does n make unnecess>y grimaces1 :o does n insi/ on act+ :5 ! difficult ?+ is n to act4 ,9 ,t>tuffe ,coquel9 /&s motionless = five m9utes at a "t1 )\t *ange ( expression1 & yet no?+ c be m expressive ?an 8 face at ^? mom5ts4 ,9 ,*op9's ,g ,m9or ,nocturne1 ,op4 #ae1 !re is an ,f held = ?ree b>s1 & :5 ,rub9/e9 play$ ! ,nocturne1 says ,mr4 ,hunek] 9 8 in/ructive & delightful book on ,*op91 he prolong$ ! tone1 by "s miracul\s means1 s t x swell$ & dim9i%$1 & w5t s++ into ,d1 z if ! in/rum5t 7 an organ4 ,x is t p[] ( su/a9+ an expression1 un*ang$1 & yet always full ( liv+ significance1 t ,i f9d 9 ,coquel94 ,x is a "p ( 8 economy1 ! economy ( ! arti/4 ,! improvis] disda9s economy1 z mu* z ! arti/ *]i%es x4 ,coquel9 has "s half-doz5 complete v>iations ( ! face he has compos$ = ,t>tuffe2 no m ?an t1 ) no insignificances ( expression ?r[n away2 b ea* v>iation is a new po9t ( view1 f :i* we see ! :ole "*4 ,r,,jane ,! g5ius ( ,rjane is a k9d ( f9esse3 x is a flav\r1 & all ! +r$i5ts ( ! di% may be nam$ )\t def9+ x4 ,! ?+ is ,p>isian1 b t is only to say t x unites n]v\s =ce ) a wick$ ease & ma/]y ( *>m4 ,x speaks to ! s5ses ?r\gh ! bra91 z mu* z to ! bra9 ?r\gh ! s5ses4 ,x is ! fem99e equival5t ( intellect4 ,x magnetises our poor v]tebrae1 9 ,v]la9e's phrase1 because x is sex & yet n in/9ct4 ,x is sex civilis$1 "u direction1 play+ a "p1 z we say ( o!rs ?an ^? on ! /age4 ,x calculates1 & is un]r+4 ,x has none ( ! vulg> w>m? ( m]e passion1 none ( its heal? or simplicity4 ,x leaves a little r$ /+ :]e x has kiss$4 ,& x intoxicates u by its appeal to s _m sides ( our nature at once4 ,we are ?rill$1 & we admire1 & are almo/ coldly appreciative1 & yet agl[ ) ! response ( ! blood4 ,i h f\nd myself applaud+ ) te>s 9 my eyes4 ,! feel+ & ! critical approval came toge!r1 h& 9 h&3 nei!r c\nt]act$ ! o!r3 & ,i _h to ?9k twice1 be=e ,i c\ld rememb] h[ elaborate a sci5ce w5t to ! mak+ ( t ?rill :i* ,i _h be5 almo/ cruelly enjoy+4 ,! art ( ,rjane accepts ?+s z !y are1 )\t selection or correction2 unlike ,duse1 :o *ooses j ^? ways 9 :i* %e %all be nature4 ,:at "o rememb]s are little homely details1 9 :i* ! %ad[1 ( "s ov]p[]+ impulse gives a sombre beauty to :at is common or ugly4 ,%e r5d]s ! despair ( ! woman ^: lov] is leav+ h] by a s+le movem5t1 ! way 9 :i* %e wipes h] nose4 ,to h] !re is b "o beauty1 tru?2 & b "o *>m1 en]gy4 ,:]e nature has n *os51 %e w n *oose2 %e is cont5t ) :atev] =m emotion snat*es = itself z x /ruggles into spee* out ( an untra9$ & unconsci\s body4 ,9 ,sapho %e is ! ev]yday ,v5us t\te entire sa proie atta*e1 & %e has all ! brutality & all ! cl++ w>m? ( ! fle%2 vice1 if y w1 b s]i\s vice1 vice plus passion4 ,h] sordid1 glutton\s1 in/ruct$ eyes1 9 :i* all ! passions & all ! vices h f\nd a ne/1 speak _! own language1 almo/ )\t ! ne$ ( words1 ?r\gh\t ! play2 ! :ole face suff]s1 exults1 lies1 despairs1 ) a homely s9c]ity :i* cuts m %>ply ?an any /age emphasis4 ,%e seems at e mom5t to ?r[ away h] *ances ( effect1 ( ord9>y /age-effect2 !n1 :5 ! mom5t seems to h gone1 & %e has done no?+1 y w f9d t ! mom5t itself has p5etrat$ y1 t %e has done no?+ ) g5ius4 ,rjane c be vulg>1 z nature is vulg>3 %e has all ! in/9cts ( ! human animal1 ( ! animal woman1 :om man w nev] q civilise4 ,!re is no d\bt ( x1 nature lacks ta/e2 & woman1 :o is s ne> to nature1 lacks ta/e 9 ! emotions4 ,rjane1 9 ,sapho or 9 ,zaza = in/ance1 is woman nak$ & %ameless1 lov+ & suff]+ ) all h] n]ves & muscles1 a gross1 pitiable1 horribly human ?+1 ^: direct appeal1 l t ( a sick animal1 seizes y by ! ?roat at ! in/ant 9 :i* x rea*es y\r eyes & e>s4 ,m ?an any actress %e is ! human animal )\t disguise or evasion2 ) all ! in/9cts1 all ! natural cries & movem5ts4 ,9 ,sapho or ,zaza %e speaks ! language ( ! s5ses1 no m2 & h] act+ rem9ds y ( all t y may possibly h =gott5 ( h[ ! s5ses speak :5 !y speak ?r\gh an ignorant woman 9 love4 ,x is l an accus+ confirmation ( "s ( "o's guesses at tru?1 be=e ! realities ( ! fle% & ( ! affections ( ! fle%4 ,scepticism is no long] possible3 "h1 9 ,sapho1 is a woman :o flagellates h]self be=e h] lov] z ! p5it5t flagellates himself be=e ,god4 ,9 ! sc5e :]e h] lov] repulses h] la/ attempt to w9 him back1 !re is a convulsive movem5t ( ! body1 z %e lets h]self s9k to ! gr\nd at 8 feet1 :i* is l ! movem5t ( "o :o is go+ to be sick3 x r5d]s1 ) a gha/ly tru? to nature1 ! abject collapse ( ! body "u ov]p[]+ emotion4 ,"h1 z else:]e1 %e gives y m]ely ! ?+ itself1 )\t a di/urb+ atom ( self-consci\sness2 %e is grotesque1 %e is :at y w3 x is no matt]4 ,! emotion %e is act+ possesses h] l a bl9d =ce2 %e is ,sapho1 & ,sapho c\ld only move & speak & ?9k 9 "o way4 ,:]e ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt w\ld arrange ! emotion = "s ?rill+ effect ( art1 :]e ,duse w\ld purge ! emotion ( all its attributes b "s fundam5tal nobility1 ,rjane takes ! big1 fooli%1 dirty ?+ j z x is4 ,& is n t1 p]haps1 ! supreme m]it ( act+8 ,,yvette ,,guilb]t ,i ,%e is tall1 ?91 a little angul>1 mo/ w9n+ly & girli%ly awkw>d1 z %e w&]s on to ! /age ) an air ( vague di/raction4 ,h] %\ld]s droop1 h] arms hang limply4 ,%e d\bles =w>d 9 an automatic b[ 9 response to ! ?und]s ( applause1 & t curi\s smile breaks out along h] lips & rises & dances 9 h] bright light-blue eyes1 wide op5 9 a sort ( *ild-l a/oni%m5t4 ,h] hair1 a bright auburn1 rises 9 s(t masses above a l>ge1 pure =ehead4 ,%e we>s a trail+ dress1 /rip$ yell[ & p9k1 )\t ornam5t4 ,h] arms are cov]$ ) long black gloves4 ,! applause /ops sudd5ly2 !re is a hu% ( susp5se2 %e is beg9n+ to s+4 ,& ) ! fir/ note y realise ! diff]5ce betwe5 ,yvette ,guilb]t & all ! re/ ( ! _w4 ,a sonnet by ,mr4 ,&r ,raffalovi* /ates j t diff]5ce s subtly t ,i mu/ quote x to help out my int]pretation3 ,if y want he>ty laught]1 c\ntry mir?-- ,or frantic ge/ures ( an acrobat1 ,heels ov] head--or float+ lace skirts wor? ,i "k n :at1 a l>ge ecc5tric hat ,& diamonds1 ! gift ( "s dull boy-- ,!n :5 y see h] d n wrong ,yvette1 ,because ,yvette is n a clev] toy1 ,a tawdry doll 9 fairy limelight set 444 ,& %\ld h] song s\nd cynical & base ,at fir/1 h]self unga9ly1 or h] smile ,monoton\s--wait1 li/51 wat* h] face3 ,! suff]+s ( ^? ! _w calls vile ,%e s+s1 & z y wat* ,yvette ,guilb]t1 ,y too w %iv]1 see+ _! despair4 ,n[ to me ,yvette ,guilb]t 0 exquisite f ! fir/ mom5t4 ,exquisite6 ,i said "u my brea?1 z ,i fir/ saw h] come ^u ! /age4 ,b x is n m]ely by h] p]sonal *>m t %e ?rills y1 ?\gh t is /range1 p]v]se1 unacc\ntable4 ,x is n m]ely t %e c d pure com$y1 t %e c be frankly1 delici\sly1 gay4 ,!re is "o ( h] songs 9 :i* %e laughs1 *uckles1 & trills a rapid flurry ( brok5 words & phrases1 ) ! sudd51 spontane\s1 irresponsible mir? ( a bird4 ,b :]e %e is mo/ h]self is 9 a mann] ( tragic com$y :i* has nev] be5 se5 on ! music-hall /age f ! beg9n+4 ,x is ! pr(\ndly sad & ess5tially s]i\s com$y :i* "o sees 9 ,=a9's draw+s1 ^? rapid outl9es :i*1 ) ! turn ( a p5cil1 give y ! :ole exi/5ce ( ^? base sections ( society :i* our art 9 ,engl& is ma9ly =c$ to ignore4 ,p call ! art ( ,=a9 immoral1 !y call ,yvette ,guilb]t's songs immoral4 ,t is m]ely ! conv5tional misuse ( a conv5tional ^w4 ,! art ( ,yvette ,guilb]t is c]ta9ly ! art ( realism4 ,%e br+s be=e y ! real life-drama ( ! /reets1 ( ! pot-h\se2 %e %[s y ! seamy side ( life beh9d ! sc5es2 %e calls ?+s by _! "r names4 ,b !re is n a t\* ( s5suality ab\t h]1 %e is nei!r contam9at$ nor contam9at+ by :at %e s+s2 %e is simply a great1 imp]sonal1 dramatic arti/1 :o s+s realism z o!rs write x4 ,h] gamut 9 ! purely comic is wide2 ) an inflection ( ! voice1 a b5d ( t curi\s long ?9 body :i* seems to be embodi$ ge/ure1 %e c sugge/1 %e c portray1 ! hum\r t is dry1 ironical1 co>se 7,i w admit71 unctu\s ev54 ,h] voice c be sweet or h>%2 x c *irp1 lilt1 *uckle1 /utt]2 x c moan or laugh1 be tipsy or di/+ui%$4 ,n[h]e is %e conv5tional2 n[h]e does %e resemble any o!r ,fr5* s+]4 ,voice1 face1 ge/ures1 pantomime1 all are diff]5t1 all are purely h] own4 ,%e is a creature ( contra/s1 & sugge/s at once all t is innoc5t & all t is p]v]se4 ,%e has ! pure blue eyes ( a *ild1 eyes t are cl\dless1 t gleam ) a wick$ +5u\sness1 t close 9 ! utt] abasem5t ( we>9ess1 t op5 wide 9 all ! expressionlessness ( surprise4 ,h] navet is p]fect1 & p]fect1 too1 is t /range1 subtle smile ( compreh5sion t closes ! p]iod4 ,a great imp]sonal arti/1 dep5d+ z %e does entirely on h] expressive p[]1 h] dramatic capabilities1 h] gift = be+ mov$1 = r5d]+ ! emotions ( ^? 9 :om we d n look = j t k9d ( emotion1 %e affects "o all ! "t z be+1 aft] all1 remov$ f :at %e s+s (2 an arti/ ^: sympa?y is an in/9ct1 a div9ation4 ,!re is some?+ automatic 9 all f9e hi/rionic g5ius1 & ,i f9d "s ( ! *>m ( ! automaton 9 ,yvette ,guilb]t4 ,! real woman1 "o fancies1 is ! slim bright-hair$ girl :o looks s pleas$ & s amus$ :5 y applaud h]1 & :om x pleases to please y1 j because x is amus+4 ,%e c\ld n tell y h[ %e happ5s to be a great arti/2 h[ %e has f\nd a voice = ! tragic com$y ( cities2 h[ x is t %e makes y cry :5 %e s+s ( sordid mis]ies4 ,t is h] secret1 we are accu/om$ to say2 & ,i l to imag9e t x is a secret :i* %e h]self has nev] fa?om$4 ,,ii ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ,yvette ,guilb]t & e "o else on ! music-hall /age is precisely ! diff]5ce betwe5 ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt & e "o else on ! /age ( legitimate drama4 ,else:]e y may f9d _m admirable qualities1 _m brilliant accompli%m5ts1 b n[h]e else t revelation ( an extraord9>ily int]e/+ p]sonality ?r\gh ! m$ium ( an extraord9>ily f9i%$ art4 ,yvette ,guilb]t has some?+ new to say1 & %e has discov]$ a new way ( say+ x4 ,%e has _h precursors1 b %e has eclips$ !m4 ,%e s+s1 = in/ance1 songs ( ,ari/ide ,bruant1 songs :i* he _h sung be=e h]1 & sung admirably1 9 8 brutal & elaborately c>eless way4 ,b %e has f\nd mean+s 9 !m :i* ,bruant1 :o wrote !m1 nev] discov]$1 or1 c]ta9ly1 c\ld nev] int]pret2 %e has surpass$ him 9 8 own quality1 ! macabre2 %e has trans=m$ ! r\gh mat]ial1 :i* _h seem$ adequately h&l$ until %e %[$ h[ mu* m c\ld be done ) x1 into some?+ arti/ically f9e & di/+ui%$4 ,& j z1 9 ! brutal & macabre /yle1 %e has done :at ,bruant 0 only try+ to d1 s1 9 ! /yle1 suppos$ to be traditionally ,fr5*1 ( delicate ins9uation1 %e has inv5t$ new %ades ( expression1 %e has discov]$ a :ole new me?od ( sugge/ion4 ,& x is "h1 p]haps1 t ! new mat]ial :i* %e has kn[n1 by "s happy in/9ct1 h[ to lay h] h&s on1 has be5 ( mo/ s]vice to h]4 ,%e s+s1 a little cruelly1 ( ! "y girl2 & ! "y girl ( h] songs 7t demoiselle de p5sionnat :o is ! h]o9e ( "o ( ! mo/ fam\s ( !m7 is a v diff]5t be+ f ! fair ab/raction1 ev5 rosi] & vagu] to ! ,fr5* m9d ?an x is to ! ,engli%1 :i* /&s = ! ideal ( girlhood4 ,x is1 r1 ! "y girl z ,gonc\rt has r5d]$ h] 9 ,*rie1 a creature ( awak5+1 half-unconsci\s s5sations1 already at "w some:at abnormally 9 an anmic frame1 ) an intellig5ce left to fe$ ma9ly on itself4 ,& ,yvette h]self1 ) h] bright hair1 ! sleepy gold fire ( h] eyes1 h] slimness1 h] graci\s awkw>dness1 h] air ( delusive innoc5ce1 is ! v type ( ! "y girl ( :om %e s+s4 ,!re is a c]ta9 malice 9 x all1 a malici\s insi/5ce on ! o!r side ( innoc5ce4 ,b !re x is1 a new figure2 & b "o among ! creations :i* we owe to ?is comic s+]1 ^: com$y is1 = ! mo/ "p1 s s]i\s & s tragic4 ,= ! art ( ,yvette ,guilb]t is ( t ess5tially mod]n k9d :i*1 ev5 9 a subject suppos$ to be comic1 a subject we are accu/om$ to see dealt )1 if dealt ) at all1 9 burlesque1 seeks ma9ly = ! reality ( ?+s 7& reality1 if we get deep en\gh into x1 is nev] comic71 & endeav\r to f9d a new1 se>*+1 & poignant expression = t4 ,x is an art conc]n$1 = ! mo/ "p1 ) all t "p ( life :i* ! conv5tions 7 int5d$ to hide f u4 ,we see a _w :]e p are v vici\s & v unhappy2 a sordid1 mis]able _w :i* x is z well sometimes to consid]4 ,x is a side ( exi/5ce :i* exi/s2 & to see x is n to be attract$ t[>ds x4 ,x is a grey & sordid l&1 "u ! sway ( ,eros vann2 x is1 = ! mo/ "p1 we>y ( itself1 )\t re/1 & )\t escape4 ,?is is ,yvette ,guilb]t's doma92 %e s+s x1 z no "o has ev] sung x be=e1 ) a tragic realism1 t\*$ ) a sort ( grotesque irony1 :i* is a new ?+ on any /age4 ,! r\leuse ( ! ,qu>ti] ,brda1 pray+ to ! "o sa9t 9 h] cal5d>1 ,sa9te ,galette2 ! sl>de1 :om ! ur*9s foll[ & ?r[ /ones at 9 ! /reet2 ! :ole life ( ! slums & ! gutt]3 ^! are h] subjects1 & %e br+s !m1 by "s m>vell\s f95ess ( treatm5t1 into ! sph]e ( art4 ,x is all a "q ( mti]1 no d\bt1 ?\gh h[ f> h] me?od is consci\s & delib]ate x is difficult to say4 ,b %e has c]ta9 q obvi\s qualities1 ( retic5ce1 ( mod]ation1 ( susp5d$ emphasis1 :i* c sc>cely be o!r ?an consci\s & delib]ate4 ,%e uses b few ge/ures1 & ^! brief1 /accato1 & = an imm$iate purpose2 h] h&s1 9 _! long black gloves1 are almo/ motionless1 ! arms hang limply2 & yet e l9e ( ! face & body seems alive1 alive & repress$4 ,h] voice c be h>% or sweet1 z %e w\ld h x1 c laugh or cry1 be m5ac+ or c>ess+2 x is nev] us$ = its own sake1 decoratively1 b = a purpose1 = an effect4 ,& h[ e ^w tells6 ,e ^w comes to y cle>ly1 c>ry+ exactly its mean+2 &1 someh[1 along ) ! words1 an emotion1 :i* y may resolve to ignore1 b :i* w seize ^u y1 :i* w g ?r\gh & ?r\gh y4 ,trick or in/9ct1 !re x is1 ! p[] to make y feel int5sely2 & t is precisely ! f9al te/ ( a great dramatic arti/4 ,,sir ,,h5ry ,,irv+ ,z ,i wat*$1 at ! ,lyceum1 ! sad & eag] face ( ,duse1 lean+ =w>d out ( a box1 & gaz+ at ! eag] & g5tle face ( ,irv+1 ,i c\ld n help contra/+ ! two k9ds ( act+ summ$ up 9 ^? two faces4 ,! play 0 ,olivia1 ,w4,g4 ,wills' poor & /agey v]sion ( ,! ,vic> ( ,wakefield1 9 :i*1 h[ev]1 n ev5 ! lean intellig5ce ( a mod]n playwright c\ld q bani% ! homely & graci\s & t5d] *>m ( ,goldsmi?4 ,z ,dr4 ,primrose1 ,irv+ 0 almo/ at 8 be/2 t is to say1 n at 8 greate/1 b at 8 mo/ equable level ( good act+4 ,all 8 di/9ction 0 !re1 8 nobility1 8 re/ra9t1 8 f9e conv5tion4 ,= ,irv+ repres5ts ! old s*ool ( act+1 j z ,duse repres5ts ! new s*ool4 ,to ,duse1 act+ is a ?+ almo/ :olly ap>t f action2 %e ?9ks on ! /age1 sc>cely moves !re2 :5 %e feels emotion1 x is h] *ief c>e n to express x ) emphasis1 b to press x d[n into h] s\l1 until only ! pa9$ reflection ( x glimm]s out ( h] eyes & trembles 9 ! holl[s ( h] *eeks4 ,to ,irv+1 on ! contr>y1 act+ is all t ! ^w lit]ally means2 x is an art ( %>p1 deta*$1 yet always delicate movem5t2 he crosses ! /age ) int5tion1 z he int5tionally adopts a f9e1 crabb$1 p]sonal1 highly conv5tional elocution ( 8 own2 he is an actor1 & he acts1 keep+ nature1 or ! too close resemblance ( nature1 c>efully out ( 8 composition4 ,) ,miss ,t]ry !re is p]man5t *>m ( a v natural nature1 :i* has become delici\sly sophi/icat$4 ,%e is ! et]nal girl1 & %e c nev] gr[ old2 "o might say1 %e c nev] gr[ up4 ,%e le>ns h] "p1 tak+ x q artificially1 z a "p to be le>nt2 & !n1 at h] frequ5t mom5ts ( =getfulness1 *>ms u into delight1 ?\gh n always into conviction1 by a gay ab&onm5t to ! self ( a pass+ mom5t4 ,irv+'s act+ is almo/ a sci5ce1 & x is a sci5ce f\nd$ on tradition4 ,x is 9 "o s5se 8 p]sonality t makes him :at he is1 ! only actor on ! ,engli% /age :o has a t\* ( g5ius4 ,b he has n gone to himself to inv5t an art :olly p]sonal1 :olly new2 8 act+ is no int]ruption ( an int5se inn] life1 b a craftsman%ip into :i* he has put all he has to give4 ,x is an art :olly ( rhetoric1 t is to say :olly ext]nal2 8 emotion moves to sl[ music1 cry/allises into an attitude1 dies ^u a long-drawn-out ^w4 ,he appeals to u1 to our s5se ( :at is expect$1 to our accu/om$ s5se ( ! logic1 n ( life1 b ( life z we h always se5 x on ! /age1 by 8 way ( tak+ snuff1 ( tak+ out 8 pocket-h&k]*ief1 ( lift+ 8 hat1 ( cross+ 8 legs4 ,he has obs]v$ life 9 ord] to make 8 own v]sion ( life1 us+ ! /age z 8 m$ium1 & accept+ ! traditional aids & limitations ( ! /age4 ,take him 9 "o ( 8 typical p>ts1 9 ,l\is ,,xi4 ,8 ,l\is ,,xi4 is a ma/]piece ( grotesque art4 ,x is a /udy 9 s5ility1 & x is ! grotesque art ( ! ?+ :i* saves x f becom+ pa9ful4 ,?is %rivell$ c>case1 f :i* age1 disease1 & fe> h pick$ all ! fle%1 leav+ ! b>e framework ( bone & ! drawn & crack$ cov]+ ( yell[ sk91 w\ld be un5durable 9 its irrev]5t copy ( age if x 7 n s obvi\sly a picture1 ) no m malice ?an !re is 9 ! delicate l9es & f9e col\rs ( a picture4 ,! figure is at once ,pun* & ! olde/ ( ! ,*elsea p5sion]s2 x di/racts "o betwe5 pity1 t]ror1 & disgu/1 b is altoge!r absorb+2 "o wat*es x z "o w\ld wat* "s feeble anci5t piece ( me*anism1 /ill work+1 :i* may snap at any mom5t4 ,9 su* a p]sonation1 make-up becomes a s]i\s "p ( art4 ,x is ! picture t magnetises u1 & e wr9kle seems to h be5 /udi$ 9 movem5t2 ! h&s act almo/ by !mselves1 z if e f+] 7 a sep>ate actor4 ,! passion ( fe>1 ! in/9ct ( craft1 ! malady ( suspicion1 9 a frail old man :o has p[] ov] e "o b himself3 t is :at ,sir ,h5ry ,irv+ repres5ts1 9 a p]=mance :i* is half precise physiology1 half palpable artifice1 b altoge!r a unique ?+ 9 art4 ,see him 9 ,! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice4 ,8 ,%ylock is noble & sordid1 pa!tic & t]rify+4 ,x is "o ( 8 great p>ts1 made up ( pride1 /eal?1 ang]1 m9ute & v>i$ picturesqu5ess1 & a diabolical subtlety4 ,:e!r he paws at 8 cloak1 or clut*es ^u ! h&le ( 8 /ick1 or splutt]s hatr$1 or cr+es be=e 8 prey1 or %akes ) lean & wr9kl$ laught]1 he is always ! great "p & ! great actor4 ,see him z ,mephi/opheles 9 ,fau/4 ,! ,lyceum p]=mance 0 a sup]b pantomime1 ) "o ov]p[]+ figure drift+ ?r\gh x & 9 "s sort direct+ x1 ! r$-plum$ devil ,mephi/opheles1 :o1 9 ,sir ,h5ry ,irv+'s imp]sonation ( him1 becomes a k9d ( we>y _s1 a melan*oly image ( unhappy pride1 hold+ himself up to ! laught] ( inf]ior be+s1 ) ! old ackn[l$gm5t t ! devil is an ass4 ,a head l ! head ( ,dante1 %[n up by col\r$ lights1 & aga9/ *romoli?ographic backgr\nds1 :ile all ! diabolic intellig5ce is set to "w on ! *eap triumph ( :e$l+ a wid[ & screw+ ,rh5i% & ,tokay ) a gimlet out ( an inn table3 x is p>tly ,goe!'s fault1 & p>tly ! fault ( ,wills1 & p>tly ! l[]+ trick ( ! /age4 ,mephi/opheles is n really among ,irv+'s great p>ts1 b x is among 8 picturesque p>ts4 ,) 8 re/less /rut1 a bli! & ag$ tripp+ ( ! feet to "s n q human measure1 he is l "s spectral m>ionette1 play+ a game only p>tly 8 own4 ,9 su* a "p no mann]ism c seem unnatural1 & ! image ) its solemn mask lives 9 a k9d ( galvanic life ( its own1 s$uctively1 ) "s mock+ sugge/ion ( 8 c\s9 ! snake4 ,"h & !re "s ( ! old p[] may be lack+2 b :atev] 0 once subtle & ins9uat+ rema9s4 ,%akespe>e at ! ,lyceum is always a magnific5t spectacle1 & ,coriolanus1 ! la/ ,%akespe>ean revival !re1 0 a magnific5t spectacle4 ,x is a play made up pr9cipally ( "o "* & a cr[d1 ! cr[d be+ a sort ( mov+ backgr\nd1 treat$ 9 ,%akespe>e's l>ge & scornful way4 ,a /age cr[d at ! ,lyceum always gives "o a s5se ( excit+ movem5t1 & ?is ,roman rabble did all t 0 ne$$ to %[ (f ! almo/ solit>y spl5d\r ( ,coriolanus4 ,he is ! pr\de/ man 9 ,%akespe>e1 & ,sir ,h5ry ,irv+ is at 8 be/ :5 he embodies pride4 ,8 conception ( ! "p 0 ma/]ly2 x _h imag9ation1 nobility1 quietude4 ,) opportunity = rant+ 9 e second spee*1 he nev] rant$1 b play$ :at might well h be5 a ro>+ "p ) a k9d ( g5tl5ess4 ,) e opportunity = extravagant ge/ure1 he /ood1 z ! play seem$ to foam ab\t him1 l a rock aga9/ :i* ! foam beats4 ,made up z a k9d ( ,roman ,moltke1 ! lean1 ?\ghtful soldi]1 he spoke ?r\gh\t ) a sl[1 contemptu\s enunciation1 z ( "o only j n too l(ty to sne]4 ,re/ra9$ 9 scorn1 he kept ?r\gh\t an attitude ( disda9ful pride1 ! face1 ! eyes1 set1 :ile only 8 m\? twit*$1 seem+ to *ew 8 words1 ) ! disgu/ ( "o swall[+ a pa9ful morsel4 ,:]e o!r actors w\ld h rav$1 he spoke ) bitt] hum\r1 a hum\r t seem$ to hurt ! speak]1 ! concise1 active hum\r ( ! soldi]1 putt+ 8 words rapidly into de$s4 ,& 8 pride 0 an intellectual pride2 ! weakness ( a "*1 b ! angry dignity ( a temp]am5t4 ,i h nev] se5 ,irv+ s re/ra9$1 s mu* an arti/1 s fai?fully int]pretative ( a ma/]piece4 ,some?+ ( en]gy1 no d\bt1 0 lack+2 b ev]y?+ 0 !re1 except ! emphasis :i* ,i mo/ (t5 wi% away 9 act+4 ,,duse ,,9 ,,"s ,,( ,,h] ,,p>ts ,i ,! act+ ( ,duse is a criticism2 poor "w dissolves away "u x1 z "u a solv5t acid4 ,n "o ( ! plays :i* %e has br\ght ) h] is a play on ! level ( h] intellig5ce & ( h] capacity = express+ deep human emotion4 ,take ,! ,second ,mrs4 ,tanqu]ay4 ,x is a v able play1 x is q an int]e/+ glimpse into a p>ticul> k9d ( "*1 b x is only able1 & x is only a glimpse4 ,paula1 z conceiv$ by ,mr4 ,p9]o1 is a ?or\ghly ,engli% type ( woman1 ! nice1 slightly morbid1 some:at un9tellig5tly caprici\s woman :o has gone wrong1 & :o f9ds x q easy1 ?\gh a little dull1 to g "r :5 ! *ance is (f]$ to h]4 ,%e is obs]v$ f ! outside1 v ke5ly obs]v$2 h] ways1 h] surface tricks ( emotion1 are caught2 %e is a p]son :om we "k or rememb]4 ,b :at is sk9-deep 9 ,paula z conceiv$ by ,mr4 ,p9]o becomes a real human be+1 a human be+ ) a s\l1 9 ! ,paula conceiv$ by ,duse4 ,paula z play$ by ,duse is sad & s9c]e1 :]e ! ,engli%woman is only irritable2 %e has ! ,italian simplicity & directness 9 place ( t t]rible ,engli% capacity = unc]ta9ty 9 emotion & huff9ess 9 mann]4 ,%e br+s pr(\nd trag$y1 ! trag$y ( a s\l :i* has s9n$ & suff]$1 & tries va9ly to free itself f ! consequ5ces ( its de$s1 into a /udy ( circum/ances 9 _! ru9 ( mat]ial happ9ess4 ,&1 frankly1 ! play _c /& x4 ,:5 ?is woman b[s d[n "u h] fate 9 s t]rible a spiritual lonel9ess1 realis+ t we _c fight aga9/ ,fate1 & t ,fate is only ! inevitable *oice ( our own natures1 we wait = ! spl5did words :i* %all r5d] s great a situation2 & no spl5did words come4 ,! situation1 to ! dramati/1 has be5 only a dramatic situation4 ,"h is ,duse1 a *alice = ! w9e ( imag9ation1 b ! *alice rema9s empty4 ,x is almo/ pa9ful to see h] wait+ = ! words t d n come1 (f]+ trag$y to u 9 h] eyes1 & ) h] h&s1 & 9 h] voice1 only n 9 ! words t %e says or 9 ! details ( ! action :i* %e is condemn$ to foll[4 ,see ,mrs4 ,patrick ,campbell play+ ,! ,second ,mrs4 ,tanqu]ay1 & y w see x play$ exactly accord+ to ,mr4 ,p9]o'a int5tion1 & play$ brilliantly en\gh to di/ract our notice f :at is lack+ 9 ! "*4 ,a fanta/ic & delightful contradiction1 half gam9e1 half ,burne-,jones1 %e confuses our judgm5t1 z a ,paula 9 real life might1 & leaves u attract$ & repell$1 &1 above all1 int]e/$4 ,b ,duse has no res\rces outside simple human nature4 ,if %e _c conv9ce y by ! ?+ 9 itself1 %e _c disconc]t y by a p>adox ab\t x4 ,well1 ?is passionately s9c]e act+1 ?is "o real p]son mov+ ab\t among ! dolls ( ! piece1 %[s up all t is me*anical1 =c$1 & unnatural 9 ! con/ruction ( a play nev] meant to )/& ! se>*light ( ?is woman's creative intellig5ce4 ,:atev] is !atrical & obvi\s />ts out into sight4 ,! good ?+s are transfigur$1 ! bad ?+s m]ely discov]$4 ,& s1 by a k9d ( navet 9 ! acceptance ( emotion = all x might be1 in/ead ( = ! little t x is1 by an almo/ p]v]se simplicity & s9c]ity 9 ! treatm5t ( a sup]ficial & ins9c]e "*1 ,duse plays ,! ,second ,mrs4 ,tanqu]ay 9 ! gr& mann]1 de/roy+ ! illusion ( ! play z %e proves ov] aga9 ! supremacy ( h] own g5ius4 ,,ii ,:ile ,i wat* ,duse's ,magda1 ,i c conceive1 = ! "t1 ( no o!r4 ,realis+ ! s+] z be+ j su* an arti/ z h]self1 %e plays ! "p ) h>dly a sugge/ion ( ! /age1 except ! natural woman's int]mitt5t loa?+ = x4 ,%e has be5 a great arti/2 yes1 b t is no?+ to h]4 ,i am ,i1 z %e says1 & %e has liv$4 ,& we see be=e u1 all ?r\gh ! play1 a woman :o has liv$ ) all h] capacity = joy & sorr[1 :o has ?\ght ) all h] capacity = see+ cle>ly :at %e is unable1 p]haps1 to help do+4 ,%e does n act1 t is1 expla9 h]self to u1 emphasise h]self = u4 ,%e lets u ov]look h]1 ) a supreme unconsci\sness1 a supreme affectation ( unconsci\sness1 :i* is ( c\rse v consci\s art1 an art s p]fect z to be almo/ lit]ally deceptive4 ,i d n "k if %e plays ) exactly ! same ge/ures night aft] night1 b ,i c q imag9e x4 ,%e has c]ta9 little c>esses1 ! half awkw>d c>esses ( real p1 n ! elegant curves & convolutions ( ! /age1 :i* always en*ant me beyond any mimetic movem5ts ,i h ev] se54 ,%e has a way ( lett+ h] voice app>5tly get beyond h] own control1 & ( look+ z if emotion has left h] face expressionless1 z x (t5 leaves ! faces ( real p1 ?us c>ry+ ! illusion ( reality almo/ fur!r ?an x is possible to c>ry x1 only nev] q4 ,i 0 look+ ?is aft]noon at ,:i/l]'s portrait ( ,c>lyle at ! ,guildhall1 & ,i f9d 9 bo? ! same f9al art3 t art ( p]fect expression1 p]fect suppression1 p]fect balance ( e quality1 s t a k9d ( negative ?+ becomes a ?+ ( ! highe/ a*ievem5t4 ,"n e fault to :i* ! art ( ! actor is liable1 & y w h nam$ e fault :i* is lack+ 9 ,duse4 ,& ! art ( ! actor is 9 itself s mu* a comp\nd ( false emphasis & e k9d ( wilful exagg]ation1 t to h any negative m]it is to h already a m]it v positive4 ,hav+ cle>$ away all t is n want$1 ,duse beg9s to create4 ,& %e creates out ( life itself an art :i* no "o be=e h] _h ev] imag9$3 n realism1 n a copy1 b ! ?+ itself1 ! evocation ( ?\ghtful life1 ! creation ( ! _w ov] aga91 z actual & beautiful a ?+ z if ! _w _h nev] exi/$4 ,,iii ,la ,gioconda is ! fir/ play 9 :i* ,duse has _h beautiful words to speak1 & a poetical conception ( "* to r5d]2 & h] act+ 9 x is m beautiful & m poetical ?an x 0 possible = x to be 9 ,magda1 or 9 ,! ,second ,mrs4 ,tanqu]ay4 ,b ! play is n a good play2 at its be/ x is lyrical r ?an dramatic1 & at its wor/ x is horrible ) a vulg> mat]ial horror4 ,! end ( ,titus ,&ronicus is n s revolt+ z ! end ( ,la ,gioconda4 ,d',annunzio has put z a motto on 8 title-page ! s5t5ce ( ,leon>do da ,v9ci3 ,cosa bella mortal passa1 e non d'arte1 & ! action ( ! play is int5d$ z a symbol ( ! possess+ & de/roy+ ma/]y ( art & ( beauty4 ,b ! idea is mat]ialis$ into a =m ( grotesque horror1 & all ! *>m ( ! atmosph]e & ! grace ( ! words _c r$eem a conclusion s in>ti/ic 9 its pa9fulness4 ,b1 all ! same1 ! play is ! "w ( a poet1 x br+s imag9ation ^u ! /age1 & x gives ,duse an opportunity ( be+ h] f9e/ self4 ,all ! words %e speaks are s5sitive words1 %e moves 9 ! mid/ ( beautiful ?+s1 h] :ole life seems to fl[ into a m h>moni\s rhy?m1 = all ! viol5ce ( its sorr[ & suff]+4 ,h] act+ at ! end1 all ?r\gh ! inexcusable brutality ( ! sc5e 9 :i* %e appe>s be=e u ) h] mutilat$ h&s cov]$ "u long hang+ sleeves1 is1 9 ! dignity1 int5sity1 & humanity ( its pa?os1 a ?+ ( beauty1 ( a pr(\nd k9d ( beauty1 made up ( pa91 endurance1 & ! irony ( pitiable ?+s done 9 va94 ,"h %e is no long] trans=m+ a =eign conception ( "* into h] own conception ( :at "* %\ld be2 %e is embody+ ! creation ( an ,italian1 ( an arti/1 & a creation made 9 h] hon\r4 ,d',annunzio's trag$y is1 9 ! f9al result1 bad trag$y1 b x is a failure ( a f> high] ord] ?an su* successes z ,mr4 ,p9]o's4 ,x is writt5 ) a consci\sness ( beauty1 ) a fev]i% en]gy :i* is /ill en]gy1 ) a s5se ( :at is imag9ative 9 ! facts ( actual life4 ,x is writt5 9 ,italian :i* is a cont9ual delight to ! e>1 prose :i* s\nds z melodi\s z v]se1 prose to :i*1 inde$1 all dramatic probability is sacrific$4 ,& ,duse seems to acquire a new subtlety1 z %e speaks at la/ words 9 !mselves wor?y ( h] speak+4 ,x is z if %e at la/ spoke h] own language4 ,,iv ,dumas fils has put 8 be/ "w into ! novel ( ,la ,dame aux ,camlias1 :i* is a k9d ( slight]1 m sup]ficial1 m s5tim5tal1 m mod]n1 b less univ]sal ,manon ,lescaut4 ,!re is a c]ta9 artificial1 g5u9ely artificial1 k9d ( nature 9 x3 if n true to life1 x is true to c]ta9 lives4 ,b ! play lets g ?is hold1 su* z x is1 on reality1 & becomes a m]e /age conv5tion z x crosses ! footlights2 a conv5tion :i* is t\*+1 inde$1 f> too full ( pa?os1 human 9 its exagg]at$ way1 b no long] to be mi/ak51 by ! lea/ s5sitive ( he>]s1 = great or ev5 f9e lit]ature4 ,& ! s5tim5t 9 x is n s mu* human z ,fr5*1 a factiti\s idealism 9 depravity :i* "o associates peculi>ly ) ,p>is4 ,m>gu]ite ,gauti] is ! type ( ! nice woman :o s9s & loves1 & becomes reg5]at$ by an unnatural k9d ( self-sacrifice1 done = ,fr5* family reasons4 ,%e is ! ,p>isian :om ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt imp]sonates p]fectly 9 t hy/]ical & yet delib]ate mann] :i* is made = su* imp]sonations4 ,duse1 z %e does always1 turns h] into q ano!r k9d ( woman2 n ! light woman1 to :om love has come sudd5ly1 z a new s5tim5t com+ sudd5ly into h] life1 b ! simple1 in/9ctively lov+ woman1 9 :om we see no?+ ( ! demi-monde1 only ! natural woman 9 love4 ,?r\gh\t ! play %e has mom5ts1 :ole sc5es1 ( absolute greatness1 z f9e z any?+ %e has ev] done3 b !re are o!r mom5ts :5 %e seems to c>ry repression too f>4 ,h] pa?os1 z 9 ! f9al sc5e1 & at ! end ( ! sc5e ( ! reception1 :]e %e repeats ! "o ^w ,arm&o ov] & ov] aga91 9 an amaz$ & agonis+ reproa*fulness1 is ( ! f9e/ ord] ( pa?os4 ,%e appeals to u by a k9d ( goodness1 mu* deep] ?an ! s5tim5tal goodness int5d$ by ,dumas4 ,x is love itself t %e gives u1 love utt]ly unconsci\s ( any?+ b itself1 uncontam9at$1 unspoilt4 ,%e is ,mlle4 de ,lesp9asse r ?an ,m>gu]ite ,gauti]2 a creature 9 :om ard\r is z simple z brea?1 & devotion a "p ( ard\r4 ,h] physical suff]+ is sc>cely to be notic$2 x is ! suff]+ ( h] s\l t ,duse gives u4 ,& %e gives u ?is z if nature itself came ^u ! bo>ds1 & spoke to u )\t ev5 ! ord9>y disguise ( human be+s 9 _! int]c\rse ) "o ano!r4 ,once m an artificial play becomes s9c]e2 once m ! p]sonality ( a great imp]sonal arti/ dom9ates ! pov]ty ( h] "p2 we get "o m revelation ( a p>ticul> phase ( ,duse4 ,& x w\ld be unreasonable to compla9 t ,la ,dame aux ,camlias is really some?+ q diff]5t1 some?+ mu* inf]ior2 "h we h at lea/ a great emotion1 a desp]ate s9c]ity1 ) all ! ?\ghtfulness :i* c possibly accompany passion4 ,v ,dumas1 9 a preface bett] ?an 8 play1 tells u t ,la ,pr9cesse ,georges is a ,s\l 9 conflict ) ,in/9cts4 ,b no1 z he has drawn h]1 z he has plac$ h]1 %e is only ! !ory ( a woman 9 conflict ) ! me*anical devices ( a plot4 ,all ^! *>act]s talk z !y h be5 taught1 & act accord+ to ! tradition ( ! /age4 ,x is a d\ble piece ( me*anism1 t is all2 !re is no creation ( "*1 !re is a k9d ( worldly wisdom ?r\gh\t1 b n a glimm] ( imag9ation2 argum5t drifts into s5tim5t1 & s5tim5t returns into argum5t1 )\t conviction2 ! end is no conclusion1 b an arbitr>y break 9 an action :i* we see cont9u+1 aft] ! curta9 has fall54 ,&1 z 9 ,fdora1 ,duse comes into ! play resolv$ to d :at ! au?or has n done4 ,does %e delib]ately *oose ! plays mo/ obvi\sly n writt5 = h] 9 ord] to extort a triumph out ( h] enemies8 ,once m %e acts consci\sly1 op5ly1 mak+ e mom5t ( an unreal ?+ real1 by conc5trat+ h]self ^u e mom5t z if x 7 ! only "o4 ,! result is a p]=mance miracul\s 9 detail1 &1 if detail 7 ev]y?+1 x w\ld be a great "p4 ,) p[d]$ hair1 %e is beautiful & a great lady2 z ! dome/icat$ pr9cess1 %e has all ! virtues1 & hone/y itself1 9 h] face & 9 h] movem5ts2 %e gives h]self ) a k9d ( really unreflect+ ?\ghtfulness to e s5tim5t :i* is half h] emotion4 ,if su* a woman c\ld exi/1 & %e c\ld n1 %e w\ld be t1 precisely t4 ,b j z we are beg9n+ to believe1 n only 9 h] b 9 ! play itself1 9 comes ! spy+ lady's maid1 or ! valet :o spies on ! lady's maid1 & we are 9 melodrama aga91 & among ! /r+s ( ! m>ionettes4 ,:]e are ! ?ree /ages1 tru?1 philosophy1 consci5ce1 :i* ,dumas (f]s to u 9 8 preface z ! ?ree /ages by :i* a "w ( dramatic art rea*es p]fection8 ,%[n u by ,duse1 f mom5t to mom5t1 yes2 b 9 ! piece1 no1 sc>cely m ?an 9 ,fdora4 ,s fatal is x to write = our in/ruction1 z fatal z to write = our amusem5t4 ,a "w ( art mu/ sugge/ ev]y?+1 b x mu/ prove no?+4 ,bad imag9ative "w l ,la ,gioconda is really1 9 its way1 bett] ?an ?is unimag9ative & !oretical fals5ess to life2 = x at lea/ %[s u beauty1 ev5 ?\gh x degrades t beauty be=e our eyes4 ,& ,duse1 ( all actresses ! ne>e/ to nature1 0 born to create beauty1 t beauty :i* is ! deepe/ tru? ( natural ?+s4 ,:y does %e aft] all only tantalise u1 %[+ u little fragm5ts ( h] s\l "u _m disguises1 b nev] giv+ u h] :ole self ?r\gh ! reveal+ m$ium ( a ma/]piece8 ,,vi ,fdora is a play writt5 = ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt by ! writ] ( plays = ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt1 & x conta9s ! usual +r$i5ts ( t p>ticul> k9d ( sorc]y3 a ,russian tigress1 an assass9ation1 a suicide1 exotic p ) impulses 9 conflict ) _! int5tions1 good work+ evil & evil work+ good1 n accord+ to a philosophical idea1 b = ! conv5i5ce ( a melodramatic plot4 ,z artificial1 z f> f life on ! "o h& & poetry on ! o!r1 z a jig ( m>ionettes at ! end ( a /r+1 x has ! absorb+ mom5t>y int]e/ ( a problem 9 ev5ts4 ,"* does n exi/1 only impulse & ev5t4 ,& ,duse comes into ?is play ) a desp]ate resolve to fill x ) hone/ emotion1 to be :at a woman w\ld really p]haps be if life turn$ melodramatic ) h]4 ,visibly1 delib]ately1 %e acts3 ,fdora is n to be trans=m$ unaw>es into life4 ,b h] act+ is l t f9e/ k9d ( act+ :i* we meet ) 9 real life1 :5 we are able to wat* "s *oice sc5e ( ! human com$y be+ play$ be=e u4 ,%e becomes ! impossible ?+ t ,fdora is1 &1 9 t t\r de =ce1 %e does "s almo/ impossible ?+s by ! way4 ,!re is a sc5e 9 :i* ! blood fades out ( h] *eeks until !y seem to turn to dry e>? furr[$ ) wr9kles4 ,%e makes triumphant po9t aft] triumphant po9t 7h] intellig5ce be+ free to act consci\sly on ?is un9tellig5t matt]71 & we notice1 m ?an 9 h] f9] p>ts1 individual movem5ts1 ge/ures1 tones3 ! attitude ( h] op5 h& ^u a door1 c]ta9 bl9d c>esses ) h] f+]s z !y cl+ = ! la/ "t to h] lov]'s *eeks1 h] face z %e reads a lett]1 ! art ( h] voice z %e almo/ delib]ately takes u 9 ) ^! emotional artifices ( ,s>d\4 ,:5 x is all ov]1 & we ?9k ( ! ,silvia ( ,la ,gioconda1 ( ! woman we div9e "u ,magda & "u ,paula ,tanqu]ay1 x is ) a c]ta9 s5se ( wa/e2 = ev5 ,paula c be made to seem some?+ :i* ,fdora c nev] be made to seem4 ,9 ,fdora we h a %e]1 undisguis$ piece ( /agecraft1 )\t ev5 ! am\nt ( psy*ological int5tion ( ,mr4 ,p9]o1 mu* less ( ,sud]mann4 ,x is a detective /ory ) horrors1 & x is f> too positive & f9i%$ a ?+ to be trans=m$ into some?+ n itself4 ,s>d\ is a h>d taskma/]2 he *a9s 8 slaves4 ,)\t nobility or ev5 coh]5ce ( conception1 )\t inn] life or ev5 a recognisable semblance ( ext]ior life1 ! piece goes by clockwork2 y _c make ! h&s g fa/] or sl[]1 or br+ its mid-day into agreem5t ) ! sun4 ,a great actress1 :o is also a great intellig5ce1 is se5 accept+ x1 = its purpose1 ) contempt1 z a ?+ to ex]cise h] te*nical skill ^u4 ,z a piece ( te*nical skill1 ,duse's act+ 9 ,fdora is z f9e z any?+ %e has done4 ,x completes our admiration ( h] g5ius1 z x proves to u t %e c act to p]fection a "p 9 :i* ! s\l is left out ( ! "q1 9 :i* no?+ happ5s accord+ to nature1 & 9 :i* life is figur$ z a long attack ( n]ves1 reliev$ by ! occasional int]val ( an uneasy sleep4 ,,annotations ,,by ,,! ,,way ,i4 ,,pell,,z ,,& ,m,,lis&e ,pellz & ,mlis&e is ! mo/ beautiful ( ,maet]l9ck's plays1 & to say ?is is to say t x is ! mo/ beautiful contempor>y play4 ,maet]l9ck's !atre ( m>ionettes1 :o are at ! same "t *ildr5 & spirits1 at once m simple & m ab/ract ?an real p1 is ! reaction ( ! imag9ation aga9/ ! :olly prose !atre ( ,ibs51 into :i* life comes nak$ly1 cruelly1 subtly1 b )\t di/9ction1 )\t poetry4 ,maet]l9ck has inv5t$ plays :i* are pictures1 9 :i* ! crudity ( action is subdu$ into mi/y outl9es4 ,p ) /range names1 liv+ 9 impossible places1 :]e !re are only woods & f\nta9s1 & t[]s by ! sea-%ore1 & anci5t ca/les1 :]e !re are no t[ns1 & :]e ! common cr[d ( ! _w is %ut out ( sight & he>+1 move l quiet gho/s across ! /age1 my/]i\s to u & n less my/]i\s to "o ano!r4 ,!y are all lam5t+ because !y d n "k1 because !y _c und]/&1 because _! own s\ls are s /range to !m1 & ea* o!r's s\ls l pitiful enemies1 giv+ deadly w\nds unwill+ly4 ,!y are always 9 dread1 because !y "k t no?+ is c]ta9 9 ! _w or 9 _! own he>ts1 & !y "k t love mo/ (t5 does ! "w ( hate & t hate is sometimes t5d]] ?an love4 ,9 ,pellz & ,mlis&e we h two innoc5t lov]s1 to :om love is guilt2 we h bl9d v5geance1 ag$ & helpless wisdom2 we h ! conflict ( passions fight+ 9 ! d>k1 de/roy+ :at !y desire mo/ 9 ! _w4 ,& out ( ?is tragic tangle ,maet]l9ck has made a play :i* is too full ( beauty to be pa9ful4 ,we feel an exquisite s5se ( pity1 s imp]sonal z to be almo/ heal+1 z if our own sympa?y _h someh[ set "r ! wrongs ( ! play4 ,& ?is play1 translat$ ) delicate fidelity by ,mr4 ,mackail1 has be5 act$ aga9 by ,mrs4 ,patrick ,campbell & ,mr4 ,m>t9 ,h>vey1 to ! accompanim5t ( ,m4 ,faur's music1 & 9 ! mid/ ( sc5]y :i* gave a s]ies ( beautiful pictures1 wor?y ( ! play4 ,mrs4 ,campbell1 9 ^: art !re is s mu* t is pictorial1 has nev] be5 s pictorial z 9 ! "* ( ,mlis&e4 ,at ! beg9n+ ,i ?\ght %e 0 act+ ) m ef=t & less effect ?an 9 ! orig9al p]=mance2 b z ! play w5t on %e ab&on$ h]self m & m simply to ! "p %e 0 act+1 & 9 ! dea? sc5e _h a k9d ( quiet1 poignant1 retic5t p]fection4 ,a pla9tive figure out ( tape/ry1 a *ild out ( a nurs]y tale1 %e made "o feel at once ! remot5ess & ! humanity ( ?is waif ( dreams1 ! little pr9cess :o does "k t x is wrong to love4 ,9 ! great sc5e by ! f\nta9 9 ! p>k1 ,mrs4 ,campbell express$ ! supreme unconsci\sness ( passion1 bo? 9 face & voice1 z no o!r ,engli% actress c\ld h done2 9 ! dea? sc5e %e express$ ! supreme unconsci\sness ( innoc5ce ) ! same beauty & ! same int5sity4 ,h] palpitat+ voice1 9 :i* !re is some?+ l ! ?robb+ ( a w\nd$ bird1 seem$ to speak ! simple & beautiful words z if !y _h nev] be5 said be=e4 ,& t beauty & /rang5ess 9 h]1 :i* make h] a "w ( art 9 h]self1 seem$ to f9d ! "o p]fect opportunity = _! expression4 ,! only actress on our /age :om we g to see z we w\ld g to see a "w ( art1 %e acts ,p9]o & ! re/ z if "u a disguise4 ,"h1 dress$ 9 wond]ful clo!s ( no p]iod1 speak+ delicate1 almo/ gho/ly words1 %e is h]self1 h] r>] self4 ,& ,mr4 ,m>t9 ,h>vey1 :o c be s simple1 s passionate1 s full ( ! w>m? ( *>m1 seem$ until almo/ ! end ( ! play to h lo/ ! simple f]v\r :i* he _h once %[n 9 ! "p ( ,pellz2 he pos$1 spoke )\t s9c]ity1 0 consci\s ( little b 8 attitudes4 ,b 9 ! great love sc5e by ! f\nta9 9 ! p>k he _h recov]$ s9c]ity1 he =got himself1 rememb]+ ,pellz3 & t great love sc5e 0 act$ ) a s5se ( ! poetry & a s5se ( ! human reality ( ! ?+1 z no "o on ! ,london /age b ,mr4 ,h>vey & ,mrs4 ,campbell c\ld h act$ x4 ,no "o else1 except ,mr4 ,arliss z ! old s]vant1 0 good2 ! act+ 0 n suffici5tly monoton\s1 ) t f9e monotony :i* is "p ( ! secret ( ,maet]l9ck4 ,^! busy actors occupi$ !mselves 9 mak+ po9ts1 in/ead ( submitt+ passively to ! pass+ ?r\gh !m ( pr(\nd emotions1 & ! betrayal ( ^! emotions 9 a few1 retic5t1 & almo/ unwill+ words4 ,,ii4 ,,ev]yman ,! ,elizabe?an ,/age ,society's p]=mance ( ,ev]yman des]ves a place ( its own among ! /age p]=mances ( our "t4 ,ev]yman took "o into a k9d ( v human *ur*1 a *ur* 9 ! mid/ ( ! m>ket-place1 l ^? *ur*es 9 ,italy1 9 :i* p seem s mu* at home4 ,! v]se is qua9t1 homely1 n s ar*aic :5 x is spok5 z "o might suppose 9 read+ x2 ! metre is regul> 9 heat1 b v irregul> 9 ! numb] ( syllables1 & ! p :o spoke x s admirably "u ,mr4 ,poel's c>eful tra9+ _h n be5 tra9$ to scan x z well z !y articulat$ x4 ,ev]yman is a k9d ( ,pilgrim's ,progress1 conceiv$ ) a d>+ & rev]5t imag9ation1 s t ,god himself comes q naturally ^u ! /age1 & speaks out ( a clo!d & pa9t$ image4 ,dea?1 lean & b>e-bon$1 rattles 8 drum & trips fanta/ically across ! /age ( ! e>?1 lead+ 8 dance2 ,ev]yman is se5 on 8 way to ! grave1 tak+ leave ( ,ri*es1 ,fell[%ip1 ,k9dr$1 & ,goods 7ea* p]sonifi$ ) 8 attributes71 escort$ a little way by ,/r5g?1 ,discretion1 ,beauty1 & ! ,five ,wits1 & !n ab&on$ by !m1 & !n go+ d[n into ! grave ) no o!r att5dance ?an t ( ,k & ,good ,de$s4 ,! pa?os & s9c]ity ( ! little drama 7 %[n f9ely & adequately by ! simple clo?s & b>e bo>ds ( a ,%akespe>ean /age1 & by ! solemn *ant+ ( ! actors & _! s]i\s1 unspoilt simplicity 9 act+4 ,miss ,wynne-,mat?ison 9 ! "p ( ,ev]yman act$ ) rem>kable p[] & subtlety2 %e _h ! complete comm& ( h] voice1 z s few actors or actresses h1 & %e 0 able to give vocal expression to e %ade ( mean+ :i* %e _h appreh5d$4 ,,iii4 ,,fau/ ,,at ,,! ,,lyceum ,9 ! v]sion ( ,fau/ giv5 by ,irv+ at ! ,lyceum1 ,wills did 8 be/ to foll[ ! ma9 l9es ( ,goe!'s con/ruction4 ,un=tunately he 0 less satisfi$ ) ,goe!'s v]se1 ?\gh x happ5s t ! v]se is di/9ctly bett] ?an ! con/ruction4 ,he kept ! %ell & ?rew away ! k]nel4 ,fau/ becomes insignificant 9 ?is play to :i* he gives 8 "n4 ,9 ,goe! he 0 a ?9k]1 ev5 m ?an a poet4 ,"h he speaks bad v]se full ( empt9ess4 ,ev5 :]e ,goe!'s words are foll[$1 9 a lit]al translation1 ! mean+ seems to h gone out ( !m2 !y are displac$1 !y no long] c\nt = any?+4 ,! ,walpurgis ,night is /ripp$ ( all its poetry1 & ,fau/'s /udy is empti$ ( all its wisdom4 ,! ,wit*es' ,kit*5 brews messes )\t magic1 le/ ! gall]y %\ld be bewild]$4 ,! "p ( ,m>?a is ext5d$1 9 ord] t 8 r$ liv]y may h its full comic relief4 ,mephi/opheles ?r[s away a good "p ( 8 cunn+ wit1 9 ord] t he may %ock no prejudices by seem+ to be cynical ) s]i\sness1 & 9 ord] to get 9 "s m ?an indiff]5t spectral effect4 ,m>g>et is to be se5 full l5g?2 ! little ,g]man s\brette does h] be/ to be ! ,hel5 ,fau/ takes h] =2 & we are meant to be pr(\ndly int]e/$ 9 ! love-/ory4 ,mo/ ( all1 ! programme assures u1 ,wills /rove to tell ! love-/ory 9 a mann] t might appeal to an ,engli%-speak+ audi5ce4 ,n[ if y take ! philosophy & ! poetry out ( ,goe!'s ,fau/1 & leave ! re/1 x does n seem to me t y leave ! "p :i* is be/ wor? hav+4 ,9 writ+ ! ,fir/ ,"p ( ,fau/ ,goe! made free use ( ! leg5d ( ,dr4 ,fau/us1 n always improv+ t leg5d :]e he dep>t$ f x4 ,if we turn to ,m>l[e's ,dr4 ,fau/us we %all see1 emb$d$ among *aotic fragm5ts ( m]e rubbi% & refuse1 ! outl9es ( a f> f9]1 a f> m poetic1 conception ( ! leg5d4 ,m>l[e's imag9ation 0 m ess5tially a poetic imag9ation ?an ,goe!'s1 & he 0 capable1 at mom5ts1 ( m satisfy+ dramatic effects4 ,:5 8 ,fau/us says to ,mephi/opheles3 ,"o ?+1 good s]vant1 let me crave ( !e1 ,to glut ! long+ ( my he>t's desire3 ,t ,i may h unto my p>am\r ,t heav5ly ,hel5 :i* ,i saw ( late2 & :51 8 pray] be+ grant$1 he cries3 ,0 ?is ! face t laun*$ a ?\s& %ips1 ,& burn$ ! topless t[]s ( ,ilium8 he is a mu* m spl5did & significant p]son ?an ! ,fau/ ( ,goe!1 :o ne$s ! help ( ! devil & ( an old woman to s$uce a "y girl :o has fall5 9 love ) him at fir/ sight4 ,goe!1 x is true1 made :at am5ds he c\ld aft]w>ds1 9 ! ,second ,"p1 :5 mu* ( ! impulse _h gone & all ! delib]ation 9 ! _w 0 n active en\gh to replace x4 ,hel5 has h] %>e1 among o!r ab/ractions1 b ! brea? has n return$ into h] body1 %e is glacial1 a talk+ enigma1 to :om ,m>l[e's ,fau/us w\ld nev] h said ) ! old emphasis3 ,& none b ?\ %alt be my p>am\r6 ,:at rema9s1 !n1 9 ,wills' v]sion1 is ! ,gret*5 /ory1 9 all its detail1 a spectacul> repres5tation ( ! n :olly s9c]e wit*craft1 & ! impressive out] %ell ( ,mephi/opheles1 )1 9 ,sir ,h5ry ,irv+'s pung5t & acute r5d]+1 some?+ ( ! real sav\r ( ! d5y+ _s4 ,mephi/opheles is ! mod]n devil1 ! devil ( culture & polite negation2 ! comrade1 9 "p ! ma/]1 ( ,he9e1 & p]haps ! gr&son & pupil ( ,voltaire4 ,on ! ,lyceum /age he is ! "o p]son ( di/9ction1 ! "o intellig5ce2 ?\gh s _m ( 8 be/ words h be5 tak5 f him1 x is ) a f9e subtlety t he says ! words t rema94 ,& ! figure1 ) its lightness1 we>y grace1 al]t & uneasy /ep1 solemnity1 grim laught]1 rema9s ) "o1 aft] "o has come away & =gott5 :e!r he told u all t ,goe! confid$ to him4 ,,iv4 ,,! ,,japanese ,,play]s ,:5 ,i fir/ saw ! ,japanese play]s ,i sudd5ly discov]$ ! mean+ ( ,japanese art1 s f> z x repres5ts human be+s4 ,y "k ! sc>cely human oval :i* repres5ts a woman's face1 ) ! help ( a few ?9 curves = eyelids & m\?4 ,well1 t conv5tion1 z ,i _h always suppos$ x to be1 t geometrical symbol ( a face1 turns out to be precisely ! face ( ! ,japanese woman :5 %e is made up4 ,s ! mon/r\s entanglem5ts ( m5 fight+1 :i* "o sees 9 ! pictures1 ! circl+ ( ! two-h&$ sword1 ! viol5ce ( feet 9 combat1 are se5 to be aft] all ! natural mann] ( ,japanese w>f>e4 ,?is unre/ra9$ en]gy ( body comes out 9 ! expression ( e motion4 ,m5 spit & sneeze & snuffle1 )\t consci\sness ( dignity or h>dly ( humanity1 "u ! influ5ce ( fe>1 ang]1 or a/oni%m5t4 ,:5 ! m]*ant is await+ ,%ylock's knife he trembles convulsively1 cont9u\sly1 f head to feet1 unconsci\s ( ev]y?+ b dea?4 ,:5 ,%ylock has be5 ?w>t$1 he /&s puck]+ 8 face into a ?\s& grimaces1 l a *ild :o has swall[$ m$ic9e4 ,x is ! emotion ( *ildr51 nak$ s5sation1 n yet clo!d by civilisation4 ,only ! body speaks 9 x1 ! m9d is abs5t2 & ! body ab&ons itself completely to ! animal =ce ( its in/9cts4 ,) a great arti/ l ,sada ,yacco 9 ! dea? sc5e ( ,! ,gei%a & ! ,knight1 ! effect is ov]:elm+2 ! :ole woman dies be=e "o's sight1 life ebbs visibly out ( *eeks & eyes & lips2 x is dea? z n ev5 ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt has %[n u dea?4 ,!re are mom5ts1 at o!r times & ) o!r p]=m]s1 :5 x is difficult n to laugh at "s cat-l or ape-l trick ( ^! pa9t$ puppets :o talk a toneless language1 brea?+ ?r\gh _! words z !y :isp] or *ant !m4 ,!y are swa!d l b>b>ic idols1 9 spl5did robes )\t grace2 !y dance ) fans1 ) f+]s1 runn+1 hopp+1 lift+ _! feet1 if !y lift !m1 ) ! heavy delicacy ( ! elephant2 !y s+ 9 discords1 /rik+ or pluck+ a few ho>se notes on /r+$ in/rum5ts1 & beat+ on untun$ drums4 ,nei!r !y nor _! clo!s h beauty1 to ! limit$ ,we/]n ta/e2 !y h /rang5ess1 ! *>m ( some?+ :i* seems to u caprici\s1 almo/ outside ,nature4 ,9 our ignorance ( _! words1 ( :at !y mean to "o ano!r1 ( ! v way 9 :i* !y see "o ano!r1 we %all be/ appreciate _! r>ity by look+ on !m frankly z pictures1 :i* we c see ) all ! imp]fections ( a ,we/]n misund]/&+4 ,v4 ,,! ,,p>is ,,music-,,hall ,x is n always realis$ by ,engli%m5 t ,engl& is really ! c\ntry ( ! music-hall1 ! only c\ntry :]e x has tak5 firm root & fl[]$ elegantly4 ,!re is no?+ 9 any "p ( ,europe to comp>e1 9 _! own way1 ) ! ,empire & ! ,alhambra1 ei!r z places luxuri\s 9 !mselves or z places :]e a brilliant spectacle is to be se54 ,x is true t1 9 ,engl&1 ! art ( ! ballet has gone d[n2 ! prima ball]9a assoluta is gett+ r>e1 ! primo uomo is ext9ct4 ,! tra9+ ( danc]s z danc]s leaves m & m to be desir$1 b t is a defect :i* we %>e1 at ! pres5t "t1 ) mo/ o!r c\ntries2 :ile ! beauty ( ! spectacle1 ) u1 is unique4 ,?9k ( ,les ,papillons or ( ,old ,*9a at ! ,empire1 & !n g & see a fanta/ic ballet at ,p>is1 at ,vi5na1 or at ,b]l96 ,& x is n only 9 reg>d to ! ballet1 b 9 reg>d also to ! turns1 t we are ahead ( all our competitors4 ,i h no great admiration = mo/ ( our comic g5tlem5 & ladies 9 ,london1 b ,i f9d x /ill m difficult to take any int]e/ 9 ! comic g5tlem5 & ladies ( ,p>is4 ,take ,m>ie ,lloyd1 = in/ance1 & comp>e ) h]1 say1 ,m>gu]ite ,deval at ! ,scala4 ,bo? aim at mu* ! same effect1 b1 contr>y to :at might h be5 expect$1 x is ! ,engli%woman :o %[s ! great] f9esse 9 ! r5d]+ ( t small range ( s5sations to :i* bo? give !mselves up frankly4 ,take ,pol91 :o is suppos$ to express vulg>ities ) unusual success4 ,^? automatic ge/ures1 flapp+ & flopp+2 t dribbl+ voice1 )\t intonation2 t flabby droop & twit* ( ! face2 all t soapy rubb+-9 ( ! expressive p>ts ( ! song3 ,i c\ld see no skill 9 x all1 ( a sort wor? hav+4 ,! wom5 "h s+ ma9ly ) _! %\ld]s1 = :i* !y seem to h be5 *os51 & :i* are und\bt$ly expressive4 ,(t5 !y d n ev5 take ! tr\ble to express any?+ ) voice or face2 ! face rema9s blank1 ! voice trots creakily4 ,x is a doll :o repeats its lesson1 hold+ itself up to be se54 ,! ,fr5* revue1 z "o sees x at ! ,folies-,b]gre1 done some:at r\ghly & sket*ily1 /rikes "o mo/ ( all by its curi\s want ( consecution1 its entire reliance on ! po9t ( ?is or t sc5e1 co/ume1 or p]=m]4 ,x has no plan1 no idea2 "s ideas are flung into x 9 pass+2 b x rema9s z %apeless z an ,engli% pantomime1 & n mu* m int]e/+4 ,bo? appeal to ! same undevelop$ in/9cts1 ! ,engli% to a m]ely *ildi% vulg>ity1 ! ,fr5* to a vulg>ity :i* is m frankly vici\s4 ,really ,i h>dly "k :i* is to be pref]r$4 ,9 ,engl& we pret5d t fancy dress is all 9 ! int]e/s ( morality2 9 ,france !y make no su* pret5ce1 &1 9 disp5s+ ) %\ld]-/raps1 d b make _! int5tions a little cle>]4 ,g to ! ,m\l9-,r\ge & y w see a /ill cle>] object-lesson4 ,! goods 9 ! music-halls are display$ s to speak1 beh9d glass1 9 a %op w9d[2 at ! ,m\l9-,r\ge !y are on ! op5 boo?s ( a /reet m>ket4 ,m4 ,,capus ,,9 ,,engl& ,an excell5t ,p>isian company f ! ,v>its has be5 play+ ,la ,ve9e ( ,m4 ,alfr$ ,capus1 & ?is week x is play+ ,les ,deux ,ecoles ( ! same ent]ta9+ writ]4 ,! company is l$ by ,mme4 ,jeanne ,grani]1 an actress :o c\ld n be bett] 9 h] own way unless %e acquir$ a t\* ( g5ius1 & %e has no g5ius4 ,%e 0 ?or\ghly & consi/5tly good1 %e 0 lifelike1 amus+1 nev] out ( key2 only1 :ile %e rem9d$ "o at times ( ,rjane1 %e _h none ( ,rjane's magnetism1 none ( ,rjane's excit+ naturalness4 ,! :ole company is "o ( excell5t quality1 :i* goes toge!r l ! diff]5t p>ts ( a piece ( ma*9]y4 ,!re is ,mme4 ,m>ie ,magni]1 s admirable z an old lady ( t good1 easy-go+1 intellig5t1 ,fr5* type4 ,!re is ,mlle4 ,lavallire1 ) h] brilliant eyes & h] little canaille voice1 vulg>ly exquisite4 ,!re is ,m4 ,nums1 ,m4 ,guy1 ,m4 ,guitry4 ,m4 ,guitry is ! ,fr5* equival5t ( ,mr4 ,fr$ ,k]r1 ) all ! diff]5ce t t *ange ( nationality means4 ,8 sl[ mann]1 8 delay+ pantom9e1 8 h>d1 p]si/5t eyes1 8 un9flect$ voice1 made up a type :i* ,i h nev] se5 m fai?fully pres5t$ on ! /age4 ,& !re is ,m4 ,brasseur4 ,he is a k9d ( ,fr5* ,ar?ur ,rob]ts1 b )\t any ( t extravagant en]gy :i* c>ries ! ,engli% com$ian triumphantly ?r\gh all 8 absurdities4 ,m4 ,brasseur is prepo/]\sly natural1 full ( aplomb & imp]t95ce4 ,he nev] flags1 nev] hesitates2 x is impossible to take him s]i\sly1 z we say ( delightful1 mis*iev\s p 9 real life4 ,i h be5 amus$ to see a discussion 9 ! pap]s z to :e!r ,la ,ve9e is a fit play to be pres5t$ to ! ,engli% public4 ,max has def5d$ x 9 8 own way 9 ! ,saturday ,review1 & ,i ha/5 to say t ,i q agree ) 8 def5ce4 ,above all1 ,i agree ) him :5 he says3 ,let our dramatic critics res]ve _! indignation = ^? o!r plays 9 :i* ! *>act]s are self-consci\s1 w9k]s & giggl]s ov] _! own misconduct1 tak+ u into _! confid5ce1 & invit+ u to w9k & giggle ) !m4 ,!re1 c]ta9ly1 is ! (f5ce2 !re is a k9d ( vulg>ity :i* seems native to ! l[] ,engli% m9d & to ! l[] ,engli% /age4 ,m4 ,capus is n a morali/1 b x is n ne$ful to be a morali/4 ,he is a skilful writ] = ! /age1 :o takes an amiable1 some:at sup]ficial1 quietly humor\s view ( ?+s1 & he takes p z he f9ds !m 9 a p>ticul> section ( ! upp] & l[] middle classes 9 ,p>is1 n go+ fur!r ?an ! notion :i* !y h ( !mselves1 & pres5t+ t simply1 )\t comm5t4 ,we get a fooli% "y millionaire & a fooli% "y p]son 9 a fl[] %op1 :o take up a collage toge!r 9 ! mo/ casual way possible1 & !y are pres5t$ z two v ord9>y p1 nei!r bett] nor worse ?an a great _m o!r ord9>y p1 :o d or d n d mu* ! same ?+4 ,!y at lea/ d n w9k or giggle2 !y take ?+s ) ! utmo/ simplicity1 & !y call ^u u to imitate _! bl& unconsci\sness4 ,la ,ve9e is a /udy ( luck1 9 ! p]son ( a v ord9>y man1 n m intellig5t or m selfi% or m attractive ?an ! av]age1 b "o :o kn[s :5 to take ! luck :i* comes 8 way4 ,! few1 q av]age1 incid5ts ( ! play are put toge!r ) neatness & probability1 & )\t s5sational effects1 or a/oni%+ curta9s2 ! p are v natural & probable1 v amus+ 9 _! hum\rs1 & !y (t5 say humor\s ?+s1 n 9 s _m set words1 b by a clev] adju/m5t ( natural & probable no?+s4 ,?r\gh\t ! play !re is an amiable & ent]ta9+ common s5se :i* nev] becomes /age conv5tion2 ^! p talk l real p1 only mu* m -propos4 ,9 ,les ,deux ,ecoles ! philosophy :i* c\ld be disc]n$ 9 ,la ,ve9e1 t ( tak+ ?+s z !y are & tak+ !m com=tably1 is c>ri$ to a /ill fur!r developm5t4 ,i am prep>$ to be told t ! :ole philosophy is horribly immoral2 p]haps x is2 b ! play1 c]ta9ly1 is n4 ,x is va/ly amus+1 its naught9ess is s nave1 s tactfully frank1 t ev5 ! ,am]ican daught] might take h] "m to see x1 )\t fe> ( corrupt+ ! innoc5ce ( age4 ,on peut trs bi5 vivre sans tre la plus heureuse des femmes3 t is "o ( ! morals ( ! piece2 &1 ! m y ?9k ov] que/ions ( conduct1 ! m y realise t y might j z well n h ?\ght ab\t !m at all1 might be ano!r4 ,! incid5ts by :i* ^! excell5t morals are driv5 home are incid5ts ( ! same ord] z ^? 9 ,la ,ve9e1 & n less ent]ta9+4 ,! m\nt+1 simple z x 01 0 admirably plann$2 ! /age-pictures full ( explicit droll]y4 ,&1 z be=e1 ! :ole company work$ ) ! ef=tless unanimity ( a p]fect piece ( ma*9]y4 ,a few days aft] see+ ,la ,ve9e ,i w5t to ,wyndham's ,!atre to see a revival ( ,sir ,francis ,burn&'s ,betsy4 ,betsy1 ( c\rse1 is adapt$ f ! ,fr5*1 ?\gh1 by an accept$ practice :i* seems to me di%one/1 9 spite ( its acceptance1 t fact is n m5tion$ on ! play-bill4 ,b ! =m is und\bt$ly ,engli%1 v ,engli%4 ,:at vulg>ity1 :at po9tless jok+1 :at pitiable attempts to s]ve up old impromptus r*auffs6 ,i f\nd x impossible to /ay to ! end4 ,"s actors1 capable ( bett] ?+s1 work$ h>d2 !re 0 a t]rible air ( ef=t 9 ^! attempts to be sprightly 9 fett]s1 & 9 ru/y fett]s4 ,?9k ( ,la ,ve9e at its wor/1 & !n ?9k ( ,betsy6 ,i mu/ n ask y to contra/ ! actors2 x w\ld be almo/ unfair4 ,we h n a company ( com$ians 9 ,engl& :o c be comp>$ = a mom5t ) ,mme4 ,jeanne ,grani]'s company4 ,we h "h & !re a good actor1 a brilliant comic actor1 9 "o k9d or ano!r ( emphatic com$y2 b :]ev] two or ?ree com$ians meet on ! ,engli% /age1 !y imm$iately beg9 to *eckmate1 or to outbid1 or to %\t d[n "o ano!r4 ,no "o is cont5t1 or no "o is able1 to take 8 place 9 an or*e/ra 9 :i* x is n allott$ to e "o to play a solo4 ,a ,,d\ble ,,enigma ,:5 x 0 ann\nc$ t ,mrs4 ,tree 0 to give a translation ( ,l',enigme ( ,m4 ,paul ,h]vieu at ,wyndham's ,!atre1 ! play 0 ann\nc$ "u ! title ,:i*8 & z ,:i*8 x appe>$ on ! plac>ds4 ,sudd5ly new plac>ds appe>$1 ) a new title1 n at all appropriate to ! piece1 ,cs>'s ,wife4 ,rum\rs ( a late decision1 or indecision1 ( ! c5sor 7 he>d4 ,! play _h n be5 prohibit$1 b x _h be5 adapt$ to m polite e>s4 ,b h[8 ,t 0 ! "q4 ,i confess t to me ! "q seem$ insoluble4 ,"h is ! situation z x exi/s 9 ! play2 no?+ c\ld be simpl]1 m direct1 m difficult to tamp] )4 ,two bro!rs1 ,raymond & ,gr>d de ,g\rgiran1 are 9 _! c\ntry h\se1 ) _! two wives1 ,giselle & ,lonore1 & two gue/s1 ! old ,m>quis de ,ne/e & ! "y ,m4 de ,viv>ce4 ,! bro!rs surprise ,viv>ce on ! /airs3 0 he com+ f ! room ( ,giselle or ( ,lonore8 ,! wom5 are summon$2 bo? d5y ev]y?+2 x is impossible = ! audi5ce1 z = ! husb&s1 to come to any conclusion4 ,a %ot is he>d outside3 ,viv>ce has kill$ himself1 s t he may save ! reputation ( ! woman he loves4 ,!n ! self-comm& ( ,lonore gives way2 %e av[s all 9 a pi]c+ %riek4 ,aft] t !re is "s unnecess>y moralis+ 7,l-bas un cadavre6 ,ici1 des sanglots de captive6 & ! l71 b ! play is ov]4 ,n[1 ! situation is p]fectly precise2 x is n1 p]haps1 v intellectually significant1 b !re x is1 a /rik+ dramatic situation4 ,above all1 x is frank2 !re are no evasions1 no s5tim5tal lies1 no hypocrisies be=e facts4 ,if adult]y may n be ref]r$ to on ! ,engli% /age except at ! ,gaiety1 betwe5 a w9k & a laugh1 !n su* a play becomes :olly impossible4 ,n at all3 li/54 ,we are told to suppose t ,viv>ce & ,lonore h _h a possibly q h>mless flirtation2 & in/ead ( ,viv>ce be+ f\nd on 8 way f ,lonore's room1 he has m]ely be5 walk+ ) ,lonore 9 ! g>d53 at midnight rememb]1 & aft] h] husb& has gone to b$4 ,9 ord] to lead up to ?is1 a prepo/]\s spee* has be5 put into ! m\? ( ! ,m>quis de ,ne/e1 an idiotic rhapsody ab\t love & ! />s1 & ,i =get :at else1 :i* ,i imag9e we are to take z an indication ( ,viv>ce's s5tim5ts z he walks ) ,lonore 9 ! g>d5 at midnight4 ,b all ^! precautions are 9 va92 ! audi5ce is nev] deceiv$ = an in/ant4 ,a =m ( words has be5 us$1 l ! =m ( words by :i* c]ta9 lies become te*nically tru?ful4 ,! :ole po9t ( ! play3 has a husb& ! "r to kill 8 wife or 8 wife's lov] if he discov]s t 8 wife has be5 unfai?ful to him8 is obvi\sly n a "q ( :e!r a husb& may kill a g5tleman :o has walk$ ) 8 wife 9 ! g>d51 ev5 aft] midnight4 ,! =ce ( ! orig9al situation comes precisely f ! c]ta9ty ( ! fact & ! unc]ta9ty ( ! p]son responsible = x4 ,cs>'s ,wife may l5d h] "n = a scre52 ! scre5 is no disguise2 ! play2 rema9s :at x 0 9 its moral be>+2 a dramatic /upidity has be5 import$ into x1 t is all4 ,"h1 !n1 9 addition to ! enigma ( ! play is a second1 n s easily expla9$1 enigma3 ! enigma ( ! c5sor1 & ( :y he moves 9 a my/]i\s way 8 wond]s to p]=m4 ,! play1 ,i mu/ confess1 does n seem to me1 z x seems to c]ta9 ,fr5* critics1 une pice qui ti5t du *ef-d'oeuvre 444 la tragdie des mitres antiques et de ,%akespe>e4 ,to me x is r an insub/antial k9d ( +5uity1 +5uity turn+ 9 a circle4 ,z a tragic episode1 ! dramatisation ( a /rik+ incid5t1 x has =ce & simplicity1 ! admirable quality ( directness4 ,occasionally ! p are too eag] to express ! la/ %ade ( ! au?or's mean+1 z 9 ! conv]sation betwe5 ,ne/e & ,viv>ce1 :5 ! latt] decides to commit suicide1 or 9 ! supplem5t>y comm5ts :5 ! action is really at an end4 ,b ,i h nev] se5 a piece :i* seem$ to h be5 writt5 s k9dly & s consi/5tly = ! b5efit ( ! actors4 ,!re are six *>act]s ( equal importance2 & ea* 9 turn absorbs ! :ole flood ( ! limelight4 ,! o!r piece :i* made ,saturday ev5+ int]e/+ 0 a v]sion ( ,au ,tlphone1 "o ( ,anto9e's rec5t successes at 8 !atre 9 ,p>is4 ,x 0 brutal & reali/ic1 x made j ! appeal ( an accid5t really se51 &1 s f> z success 9 horrify+ "o is conc]n$1 x 0 successful4 ,a husb& he>+ ! voice ( 8 wife ?r\gh ! telephone1 at ! mom5t :5 "s murd]\s ruffians are break+ into ! h\se1 he>+ h] la/ cry1 & helpless to aid h]1 is z +5i\sly unpleasant a situation z c well be imag9$4 ,x is br\ght be=e u ) unque/ionable skill2 x makes u z uncom=table z x wi%es to make u4 ,b su* a situation has absolutely no arti/ic value1 because t]ror )\t beauty & )\t significance is n wor? caus+4 ,:5 ! husb&1 ) 8 e> at ! telephone1 he>s 8 wife tell him t "s "o is =c+ ! w9d[-%utt]s ) a cr[b>1 we feel1 x is true1 a c]ta9 sympa!tic susp5se2 b comp>e ?is crude onslaught on ! n]ves ) ! pr(\nd & delici\s t]ror t we exp]i5ce :51 9 ,la ,mort de ,t9tagiles ( ,maet]l9ck1 an invisible =ce pu%es ! door s(tly op51 a =ce intangible & irresi/ible z dea?4 ,9 8 act+ ,mr4 ,*>les ,w>n] 0 p[]ful1 ?rill+2 x w\ld be difficult to say1 "u ! circum/ances1 t he 0 extravagant1 = :at extravagance1 "u ! circum/ances1 w\ld be improbable8 ,he _h n1 no d\bt1 :at ,i see describ$ z le jeu simple et t]rible ( ,anto9e1 a dry1 h>d1 intellectual grip on horror2 he _h ! ready ab&onm5t to emotion ( ! av]age emotional man4 ,mr4 ,w>n] has an irritat+ voice & mann]1 b he has emotional p[]1 n f9e nor subtle1 b g5u9e2 he feels & he makes y feel4 ,he has ! quality1 9 %ort1 ( ! play itself1 b a quality m tol]able 9 ! actor1 :o is conc]n$ only ) ! r5d]+ ( a giv5 emotion1 ?an 9 ! playwright1 ^: bus9ess x is to *oose1 height51 & dignify ! emotion :i* he gives to him to r5d]4 ,,drama ,,pr(essional ,,& ,,unpr(essional ,la/ week gave "o an amus+ opportunity ( contra/+ ! m]its & ! defects ( ! pr(essional & ! unpr(essional k9d ( play4 ,! ,gay ,"l ,quex 0 reviv$ at ! ,duke ( ,york's ,!atre1 & ,mr4 ,alex&] produc$ at ! ,/4 ,james's ,!atre a play call$ ,! ,f9d+ ( ,nancy1 :i* _h be5 *os5 by ! committee ( ! ,playgo]s' ,club out ( a l>ge numb] ( plays s5t 9 = competition4 ,! writ]1 ,miss ,netta ,syrett1 has publi%$ "o or two novels or collections ( /ories2 b ?is1 z f> z ,i am aw>e1 is h] fir/ attempt at a play4 ,bo? plays 7 unusually well act$1 & !re=e may be contra/$ )\t ! necessity ( mak+ all[ances = ! way 9 :i* ea* 0 int]pret$ on ! /age4 ,mr4 ,p9]o is a playwright ) a %>p s5se ( ! /age1 & eye = :at is tell+1 a cynical intellig5ce :i* is mu* m int]e/+ ?an ! unc]ta9 outlook ( mo/ ( our playwrights4 ,he has no bread? ( view1 b he has a cle> view2 he makes 8 *oice out ( human nature delib]ately1 & he deals 9 8 own way ) ! mat]ials t he selects4 ,be=e say+ to himself3 :at w\ld ?is p>ticul> p]son say or d 9 ^! circum/ances8 he says to himself3 :at w\ld x be effective on ! /age = ?is p>ticul> p]son to d or say8 ,he sugge/s no?+1 he tells y all he kn[s2 he c>es to "k no?+ b :at imm$iately conc]ns ! purpose ( 8 play4 ,! exi/5ce ( 8 p beg9s & ends ) _! fir/ & la/ spee* on ! bo>ds2 ! re/ is sil5ce1 because he c tell y no?+ ab\t x4 ,sophy ,fullg>ney is a rem>kably effective "* z a /age-"*1 b :5 ! play is ov] we "k no m ab\t h] ?an we %\ld "k ab\t h] if we _h spi$ ^u h]1 9 h] own way1 f beh9d "s bu% or keyhole4 ,we h se5 a picturesque & amus+ ext]ior1 & t is all4 ,"l ,quex does n1 ,i suppose1 pr(ess to be ev5 s mu* ( a "* z t1 & ! o!r p are m]e hum\rs1 q amus+ 9 _! clev]ly contra/$ ways4 ,:5 ^! p talk1 !y talk ) an ef=t to be natural & ano!r ef=t to be witty2 !y are nev] s9c]e & )\t self-consci\sness2 !y nev] say inevitable ?+s1 only ?+s t are effective to say4 ,& !y talk 9 poor ,engli%4 ,mr4 ,p9]o has no s5se ( /yle1 ( ! beauty or expressiv5ess ( words4 ,8 jok+ is =c$ & )\t ideas2 8 s]i\s writ+ is common4 ,9 ,! ,gay ,"l ,quex he is cont9ually try+ to impress ^u 8 audi5ce t he is v audaci\s & di/9ctly improp]4 ,! improprieties are *ildi% 9 ! innoc5ce ( _! vulg>ity1 & ! audacities are no m ?an trifl+ lapses ( ta/e4 ,he %[s y ! int]ior ( a ,du*ess's b$room1 & he %[s y ! ,du*ess's g>t]1 9 a box ( o!r curiosities4 ,he sets 8 g5tlem5 & ladies talk+ 9 ! allusive /yle :i* y may ov]he> :5ev] y happ5 to be pass+ a gr\p ( ,london cabm54 ,! ,du*ess has writt5 9 h] di>y1 ,w>m aft]noon4 ,t means t %e has sp5t an h\r ) h] lov]4 ,_m p 9 ! audi5ce laugh4 ,all ! cabm5 w\ld h laugh$4 ,n[ look = a mom5t at ! play by ! amateur & ! woman4 ,x is n a satisfactory play z a :ole1 x is n v int]e/+ 9 all its developm5ts1 "s ( ! be/ opportunities are %irk$1 "s ( ! *>act]s 7all ! *>act]s :o are m57 are poor4 ,b1 9 ! fir/ place1 x is well writt54 ,^? p speak a language :i* is ne>] to ! language ( real life ?an t us$ by ,mr4 ,p9]o1 & :5 !y make jokes !re is g5]ally "s hum\r 9 ! joke & "s intellig5ce 9 ! hum\r4 ,!y h ideas & !y h feel+s4 ,! ideas & ! feel+s are n always comb9$ ) faultless logic into a p]fectly cle> & coh]5t pres5tm5t ( "*1 x is true4 ,b f "t to "t we get "s ( ! illusion ( life4 ,f "t to "t some?+ is said or done :i* we "k to be pr(\ndly true4 ,a woman has put into words "s delicate in/9ct ( a woman's s\l4 ,"h & !re is a cry ( ! fle%1 "h & !re a cry ( ! m9d1 :i* is g5u9e1 :i* is a "p ( life4 ,miss ,syrett has mu* to le>n if %e is to become a successful dramati/1 & %e has n z yet %[n t %e kn[s m5 z well z wom52 b at lea/ %e has begun at ! "r end4 ,%e has begun ) human nature & n ) ! artifices ( ! /age1 %e has ?\ght ( h] *>act]s z p be=e ?9k+ ( !m z p]sons ( ! drama1 %e has some?+ to say ?r\gh !m1 !y are n m]e l9es 9 a patt]n4 ,i am n at all sure t %e has ! mak+s ( a dramati/1 or t if %e writes ano!r play x w be bett] ?an ?is "o4 ,y d n necess>ily get to y\r de/9ation by tak+ ! "r turn+ at ! beg9n+ ( ! j\rney4 ,! "o c]ta9 ?+ is t if y take ! wrong turn+ at ! beg9n+1 & foll[ x p]si/5tly1 y w n get to y\r de/9ation at all4 ,! playwright :o writes m]ely = ! /age1 :o squeezes ! brea? out ( life be=e he has suit$ x to 8 purpose1 is at ! be/ only play+ a clev] game ) u4 ,he may amuse u1 b he is only play+ p+-pong ) ! emotions4 ,& t is :y we %\ld welcome1 ,i ?9k1 any hone/ attempt to deal ) life z x is1 ev5 if life z x is does n always come into ! picture4 ,,tol/oi ,,& ,,o!rs ,!re is little mat]ial = ! /age 9 ! novels ( ,tol/oi4 ,^? novels are full1 x is true1 ( drama2 b !y _c be cond5s$ into dramas4 ,! me?od ( ,tol/oi is sl[1 delib]ate1 significantly unemphatic2 he works by add+ detail to detail1 z a c]ta9 k9d ( pa9t] adds t\* to t\*4 ,! result is1 9 a s5se1 monoton\s1 & x is meant to be monoton\s4 ,tol/oi endeav\rs to give u some?+ m ne>ly resembl+ daily life ?an any "o has yet giv5 u2 & 9 daily life ! mom5t ( spiritual crisis is r>ely ! mom5t 9 :i* ext]nal action takes "p4 ,9 ! drama we c only prop]ly realise ! s\l's action ?r\gh "s correspond+ or consequ5t action :i* takes place visibly be=e u4 ,y w f9d1 ?r\gh\t ,tol/oi's "w1 _m /rik+ s+le sc5es1 b nev]1 ,i ?9k1 a sc5e :i* c be> deta*m5t f t network ( detail :i* has l$ up to x & :i* is to come out ( x4 ,(t5 ! sc5e :i* mo/ pr(\ndly impresses "o is a sc5e trifl+ 9 itself1 & ow+ its impressiv5ess p>tly to t v quality4 ,take1 = in/ance1 9 ,resurrection1 ,book ,,ii41 *apt] xxviiii41 ! sc5e 9 ! !atre dur+ ! second act ( ! et]nal ',dame aux ,camlias1' 9 :i* a =eign actress once aga91 & 9 a novel mann]1 %[$ h[ wom5 di$ ( consumption4 ,! ,g5]al's wife1 ,m>iette1 smiles at ,nekhlud(f 9 ! box1 &1 outside1 9 ! /reet1 ano!r woman1 ! o!r half-_w1 smiles at him1 j 9 ! same way4 ,t is all1 b to ,nekhlud(f x is "o ( ! great crises ( 8 life4 ,he has se5 some?+1 = ! fir/ "t1 9 :at he n[ feels to be its true light1 & he sees x z cle>ly z he saw ! palace1 ! s5t9els1 ! =tress1 ! riv]1 ! boats & ! ,/ock ,ex*ange4 ,& j z on ?is nor!rn summ] night !re 0 no re/ful d>kness on ! e>?1 b only a dismal1 dull light com+ f an invisible s\rce1 s 9 ,nekhlud(f's s\l !re 0 no long] ! re/ful d>kness1 ignorance4 ,! *apt] is pr(\ndly impressive2 x is "o ( ^? *apt]s :i* no "o b ,tol/oi has ev] writt54 ,imag9e x transpos$ to ! /age1 if t 7 possible1 & ! inevitable disappe>ance ( ev]y?+ t gives x mean+6 ,9 ,tol/oi ! /ory nev] exi/s = its own sake1 b = ! sake ( a v def9ite moral idea4 ,ev5 9 8 lat] novels ,tol/oi is n a prea*]2 he gives u an int]pretation ( life1 n a !oris+ ab\t life4 ,b1 to him1 ! moral idea is almo/ ev]y?+1 & 7:at is ( m consequ5ce7 x gives a great "p ( its value to 8 realism ( prisons & bro!ls & police c\rts4 ,9 all =ms ( art1 ! po9t ( view is ( m importance ?an ! subject-matt]4 ,x is z ess5tial = ! noveli/ to get ! "r focus z x is = ! pa9t]4 ,9 a page ( ,zola & 9 a page ( ,tol/oi y might f9d ! same gutt] describ$ ) ! same m9ut5ess2 & yet 9 read+ ! "o y might see only ! fil?1 :ile 9 read+ ! o!r y might feel only "s f9e human impulse4 ,tol/oi sees life /eadily because he sees x "u a div9e light2 he has a sa9tly pati5ce ) evil1 & s becomes a casui/ ?r\gh sympa?y1 a psy*ologi/ out ( t pity :i* is und]/&+4 ,& !n1 x is z a direct consequ5ce ( ?is po9t ( view1 9 ! m]e process ( unravell+ ?+s1 t 8 greate/ skill is %[n z a noveli/4 ,he does n exactly write well2 he is satisfi$ if 8 words express _! mean+1 & no m2 8 words h nei!r beauty nor subtlety 9 !mselves4 ,b1 if y w only give him "t1 = he ne$s "t1 he w creep clos] & clos] up to "s d\btful & remote tru?1 n kn[+ itself = :at x is3 he w reveal ! s\l to itself1 l ,god's spy4 ,if y want to "k h[1 daily life goes on among p :o "k z little ab\t !mselves z y "k ab\t y\r neighb\rs 9 a /reet or draw+-room1 read ,jane ,au/51 &1 on t level1 y w be p]fectly satisfi$4 ,b if y want to "k :y ^! p are happy or unhappy1 :y ! ?+ :i* !y d delib]ately is n ! ?+ :i* !y ei!r want or ought to d1 read ,tol/oi2 & ,i c h>dly add t y w be satisfi$4 ,i nev] read ,tol/oi )\t a c]ta9 susp5se1 sometimes a c]ta9 t]ror4 ,an accus+ _s seems to pe] betwe5 e l9e2 ,i c nev] tell :at new disease ( ! s\l ^? pity+ & unsw]v+ eyes may n h discov]$4 ,su*1 !n1 is a novel ( ,tol/oi2 su*1 m ?an almo/ any ( 8 novels1 is ,resurrection1 ! ma/]piece ( 8 old age1 into :i* he has put an art b little less consummate ?an t ( ,anna ,k>59a1 toge!r ) ! f9] _s ( 8 lat] gospel4 ,out ( ?is novel a play 9 ,fr5* 0 put toge!r by ,m4 ,h5ry ,bataille & produc$ at ! ,odon4 ,n[ ,m4 ,bataille is "o ( ! mo/ p[]ful & orig9al dramati/s ( our "t4 ,a play 9 ,engli%1 said to be by ,,mm4 ,h5ry ,bataille & ,mi*ael ,morton1 has be5 produc$ by ,mr4 ,tree at ,8 ,maje/y's ,!atre2 & ! play is call$1 z ! ,fr5* play 0 call$1 ,tol/oi's ,resurrection4 ,:at ,mr4 ,morton has done ) ,m4 ,bataille ,i _c say4 ,i h read 9 a capable ,fr5* pap] t l'on e/ heureux d'avoir pu applaudir une oeuvre vraim5t noble1 vraim5t pure1 9 ! play ( ,m4 ,bataille2 & ,i believe x4 ,are ^? q ! words "o w\ld use ab\t ! play 9 ,engli%8 ,!y are n q ! words ,i w\ld use ab\t ! play 9 ,engli%4 ,x is a melodrama ) "o good sc5e1 ! sc5e 9 ! prison2 & ?is is good only to a c]ta9 po9t4 ,!re is ano!r sc5e :i* is amus+1 ! sc5e ( ! jury1 b ! hum\r is little m ?an cl[n+1 & ! tragic note1 :i* %\ld /rike ?r\gh x1 is only !re 9 a p>ody ( itself4 ,inde$ ! ^w p>ody is ! only ^w :i* c be us$ ab\t ! great] "p ( ! play1 & x seems to me a pity t ! "n ( ,tol/oi %\ld be br\ght into su* dang]\s companion%ip ) ! vulg>ities & s5tim5talities ( ! ,london /age4 ,i he>d p ar\nd me confess+ t !y _h n read ! book4 ,h[ t]rible mu/ h be5 ! disillusion ( ^? p1 if !y _h ev] expect$ any?+ ( ,tol/oi1 & if !y really believ$ t ?is demagogue ,pr9ce1 :o /&s 9 nice poses 9 ! middle ( draw+-rooms & ( prison cells1 talk+ nons5se ) a conv9c+ disbelief1 0 9 any s5se a m\?piece = ,tol/oi's poor simple little gospel4 ,tol/oi accord+ to ,capta9 ,m>%all1 ,i %\ld be incl9$ to def9e him2 b ,i mu/ give ,mr4 ,tree 8 full cr$it 9 ! matt]4 ,:5 he crucifies himself1 s to speak1 symbolically1 across ! door ( ! jury-room1 rem>k+ 9 8 sl[e/ mann]3 ,! bird flutt]s no long]2 ,i mu/ atone1 ,i mu/ atone6 "o is1 9 e s5se1 alone ) ! actor4 ,mr4 ,tree has _m arts1 b he has n ! art ( s9c]ity4 ,8 conception ( act+ is1 lit]ally1 to act1 on e occasion4 ,ev5 9 ! prison sc5e1 9 :i* ,miss ,a%well is s good1 until %e beg9s to %\t & he to rant1 & !n ! c>e is ov]1 ,mr4 ,tree _c be 8 "p )\t act+ x4 ,t prison sc5e is1 on ! :ole1 well done1 & ! fir/ "p ( x1 :5 ! wom5 %\t & dr9k & qu>rel1 is act$ ) a satisfy+ s5se ( vulg>ity :i* contra/s s+ul>ly ) :at is meant to be a sugge/ion ( ! mann]s ( society 9 ,/4 ,pet]sburg 9 ! sc5e prec$+4 ,p]haps ! mo/ lam5table ?+ 9 ! play is ! fir/ act4 ,?is act takes ! place ( ^? a/\nd+ *apt]s 9 ! novel 9 :i* ! s$uction ( ,katu%a is describ$ ) a tru?1 tact1 frankness1 & subtlety unp>allel$ 9 any novel ,i h ev] read4 ,i read !m ov] be=e ,i w5t to ! !atre1 & :5 ,i got to ! !atre ,i f\nd a sc5e be=e me :i* 0 n ,tol/oi's sc5e1 a fooli%1 s5tim5tal conv]sation 9 :i* ,i recognis$ h>dly m ?an a s5t5ce ( ,tol/oi 7& ?is br\ght 9 9 ! wrong place71 &1 9 %ort1 ! old make-believe ( all ! hack-writ]s = ! /age1 di%$ up aga91 & put be=e u1 ) a simplicity ( audacity at :i* "o c only m>vel 7a ?+ imag9ation boggles at71 z an adaptation f ,tol/oi4 ,tol/oi has be5 h>dly treat$ by "s translators & by _m critics2 9 8 own c\ntry1 if y m5tion 8 "n1 y are z likely z n to be met by a %rug & an ,ah1 monsieur1 il divague un peu6 ,9 8 own c\ntry he has ! c5sor always aga9/ him2 "s ( 8 books he has nev] be5 able to pr9t 9 full 9 ,russian4 ,b 9 ! new play at ,8 ,maje/y's ,!atre we h1 9 :at is boldly call$ ,tol/oi's ,resurrection1 some?+ :i* is n ,tol/oi at all4 ,!re is ,m4 ,bataille1 :o is a poet ( nature & a dramati/ :o has creat$ a new =m ( drama3 let him be exon]at$4 ,mr4 ,morton & ,mr4 ,tree betwe5 !m may h be5 ! spoil]s ( ,m4 ,bataille2 b ,tol/oi1 might n ! great "n ( ,tol/oi h be5 left well alone8 ,,"s ,,problem ,,plays ,i4 ,,! ,,m>ry+ ,,( ,,ann ,,leete ,x 0 = ! production ( su* plays z ,mr4 ,granville ,b>k]'s t ! ,/age ,society 0 f\nd$1 & x is do+ good s]vice to ! drama 9 produc+ !m4 ,! ,m>ry+ ( ,ann ,leete is ! clev]e/ & mo/ promis+ new play t ,i h se5 = a long "t2 b x _c be said to h succe$$ ev5 ) ! ,/age ,society audi5ce1 & no ord9>y !atrical manag] is v likely to produce x4 ,! au?or1 x is true1 is an actor1 b he is "y2 8 play is immature1 too cr[d$ ) p1 too knott$ up ) motives1 too inconclusive 9 effect4 ,he kn[s ! /age1 & 8 k has enabl$ him to use ! /age = 8 own purposes1 inv5t+ a k9d ( te*nique ( 8 own1 do+ "o or two ?+s :i* h nev]1 or nev] s deftly1 be5 done be=e4 ,b he is some?+ besides all t2 he c ?9k1 he c write1 & he c sugge/ real m5 & wom54 ,! play op5s 9 ! d>k1 & rema9s = "s "t brilliantly ambigu\s4 ,p1 late eighte5?-c5tury p1 talk ) bewild]+ abruptness1 n less bewild]+ po9t2 !y1 _! motives1 _! *>act]s1 swim sl[ly into daylight4 ,"s ( ! dialogue is1 z ! writ] says ( politics1 a game = clev] *ildr51 wom51 & fools2 x is a game dem&+ close att5tion4 ,a c\rtly indol5ce1 an intellectual blackgu>dism1 is 9 ! air2 p walk1 z x seems1 aimlessly 9 & out1 & ! game goes on2 x fills "o ) excitem5t1 ! excitem5t ( foll[+ a trail4 ,x is a trail ( ideas1 ^! p ?9k1 & !y act because !y h ?\ght4 ,!y "k ! words !y use1 !y use !m ) delib]ation1 _! he>ts are 9 _! words4 ,_! actions1 inde$1 are disconc]t+2 b ^! p1 & _! disconc]t+ actions1 are int]e/+1 hold+ "o's m9d 9 susp5se4 ,mr4 ,granville ,b>k] has tri$ to tell ! :ole hi/ory ( a family1 & he int]e/s u 9 e memb] ( t family4 ,he plays !m l *essm51 & _! moves excite u z *ess excites ! m9d4 ,!y express ideas2 ! writ] has ?\ght out _! place 9 ! s*eme ( ?+s1 & he has put 8 own faculty ( ?9k+ into _! heads4 ,!y talk = effect1 or r = disguise2 x is "p ( _! ke5 s5se ( ! game4 ,!y talk at cross-purposes1 z !y w&] 9 & out ( ! g>d5 t]race2 !y plan out _! lives1 & life comes & surprises !m by ! way4 ,!n !y speak /raight out ( _! he>ts1 sometimes crudely1 sometimes ) a navet :i* seems laughable2 & !y act on sudd5 impulses1 accept+ ! consequ5ces :5 !y come4 ,!y live an artificial life1 kn[+ lies to be lies1 & *oos+ !m2 !y are civilis$1 !y try to d _! duty by society2 only1 at e mom5t1 "s ugly gap op5s 9 ! e>?1 "r 9 _! pa?1 & !y h to /op1 consid]1 *oose a new direction4 ,!y seem to g _! own way1 almo/ )\t guid+2 & inde$ may h escap$ almo/ lit]ally out ( _! au?or's h&s4 ,! la/ sc5e is an admirable episode1 a new ?+ on ! /age1 full ( tru? )9 its own limits2 b x is an episode1 n a conclusion1 mu* less a solution4 ,mr4 ,b>k] c write3 he writes 9 %ort1 %>p s5t5ces1 :i* g (f l pi/ol-%ots1 & he keeps up ! fir+1 f e corn] ( ! /age4 ,he br+s 8 p on & (f ) an unconv5tionality :i* comes ( kn[+ ! res\rces ( ! !atre1 & ( be+ unfett]$ by ! traditions ( its te*nique4 ,! sc5e ) ! g>d5] 9 ! second act has extraord9>y te*nical m]it1 & x has ! art :i* conceals its art4 ,!re are o!r inv5tions 9 ! play1 n all q s conv9c+4 ,sometimes ,mr4 ,b>k]1 9 do+ ! "r or ! clev] ?+1 does x j n q /rongly en\gh to c>ry x aga9/ opposition4 ,! opposition is ! firm & n>r[ m9d ( ! ,briti% playgo]4 ,su* plays z ,mr4 ,b>k]'s are apt to annoy )\t cru%+4 ,! arti/1 :o is yet an imp]fect arti/1 bewild]s ! _w ) :at is novel 9 8 art2 ! great arti/ conv9ces ! _w4 ,mr4 ,b>k] is "y3 he w come to ?9k ) m dep? & less tumult2 he w come to "w ) less prodigality & m ma/]y ( means4 ,b he has en]gy already1 & a s5se ( :at is absurd & hone/ 9 ! spectacle ( ?is game1 9 :i* ! pawns seem to move !mselves4 ,,ii4 ,,! ,,lady ,,f ,,! ,,sea ,on see+ ! ,/age ,society's p]=mance ( ,ibs5's ,lady f ! ,sea1 ,i f\nd myself wond]+ :e!r ,ibs5 is always s un]r+ 9 8 /agecraft z "o is incl9$ to assume1 & :e!r !re are n ?+s 9 8 plays :i* exi/ m satisfactorily1 are easi] to believe 91 9 ! book ?an on ! /age4 ,does n ! play1 = in/ance1 lose a little 9 its acceptance ( ^? n>r[ limits ( ! footlights8 ,t is ! "q :i* ,i 0 ask+ myself z ,i saw ! p]=mance ( ! ,/age ,society4 ,! play is1 accord+ to ! phrase1 a problem-play1 b ! problem is ! problem ( all ,ibs5's plays3 ! desire ( life1 ! attraction ( life1 ! my/]y ( life4 ,only1 we see ! et]nal "q "u a new1 /range aspect4 ,! sea calls to ! blood ( ?is woman1 :o has m>ri$ into an inl& home2 & ! sea-cry1 :i* is ! desire ( m abundant life1 ( unlimit$ fre$om1 ( an unkn[n ec/asy1 takes =m 9 a vague ,/rang]1 :o has talk$ to h] ( ! seabirds 9 a voice l _! own1 & ^: eyes seem to h] to h ! gre5 *anges ( ! sea4 ,x is an admirable symbol1 b :5 a be>d$ g5tleman ) a knapsack on 8 back climbs ov] ! g>d5 wall & says3 ,i h come = y2 are y com+8 & !n tells ! woman t he has read ( h] m>riage 9 ! newspap]1 x seem$ z if ! symbol _h lo/ a good deal ( its mean+ 9 ! gross act ( tak+ fle%4 ,! play haunts "o1 z x is1 b x w\ld h haunt$ "o ) a m subtle wit*craft if ! ,/rang] _h nev] appe>$ ^u ! /age4 ,j z ,wagn] insi/$ ^u a crawl+ & h[l+ dragon1 a ,fafn] ) a "n ( 8 own & a consid]able pres5ce1 s ,ibs5 br+s ! sup]natural or ! subconsci\s a little crudely into ! mid/ ( 8 p]sons ( ! drama4 ,to use symbol1 & n to use x 9 ! surpris+ & inevitable way ( ! poet1 is to fall into ! dry1 impot5t s9 ( allegory4 ,,iii4 ,,! ,,new ,,idol ,x 0 an int]e/+ exp]im5t on ! "p ( ! ,/age ,society to give a translation ( ,la ,n\velle ,idole1 "o ( ^? pieces by :i* ,m4 ,franois de ,curel has rea*$ t v actual section ( ! ,fr5* public :i* is int]e/$ 9 ideas4 ,! ,new ,idol is a mod]n play ( ! mo/ *>act]i/ically mod]n type2 its subject-matt] is l>gely m$ical1 x deals ) ! treatm5t ( canc]2 we are %[n a doctor's laboratory1 ) a horrible elongat$ diagram ( ! inside ( ! human body2 a "y girl's lungs are s\nd$ 9 ! doctor's draw+-room2 ne>ly e1 "* talks sci5ce & v little b sci5ce4 ,:5 !y cease talk+ sci5ce1 :i* !y talk well1 ) e>ne/ness & ) k1 & try to talk love or intrigue1 !y talk badly1 z if !y 7 talk+ ( ?+s :i* !y knew no?+ ab\t4 ,n[1 p]sonally1 ?is k9d ( talk does n int]e/ me2 x makes me feel uncom=table4 ,b ,i am ready to admit t x is ju/ifi$ if ,i f9d t ! dramatic movem5t ( ! play requires x1 t x is itself an ess5tial "p ( ! action4 ,9 ,! ,new ,idol ,i ?9k ?is is p>tly ! case4 ,! o!r m$ical play :i* has lately be5 di/urb+ ,p>is1 ,les ,av>is1 does n seem to me to fulfil ?is condition at any mom5t3 x is a pamphlet f beg9n+ to end1 x is n a satisfactory pamphlet1 & x has no o!r excuse = exi/5ce4 ,b ,m4 de ,curel has wov5 8 problem into at lea/ a semblance ( action2 ! play is n a m]e discussion ( irresi/ible physical laws2 ! w ent]s into ! problem1 & w fights aga9/ w1 & aga9/ n q irresi/ible physical laws4 ,! sugge/ion ( love int]e/s1 :i* come to no?+1 & h no real be>+ on ! ma9 situation1 seems to me a mi/ake2 x complicates ?+s1 ?+s :i* mu/ appe> to u s v real if we are to accept !m at all1 ) r a !atrical k9d ( complication4 ,m4 de ,curel is m a ?9k] ?an a dramati/1 z he has %[n lately 9 ! v orig9al1 int]e/+1 impossible ,fille ,sauvage4 ,he grapples ) s]i\s matt]s s]i\sly1 & he argues well1 ) a closely wov5 /ructure ( argum5ts2 "s ( !m br++ a k9d ( h>d & nak$ poetry out ( m]e clos5ess ( ?9k+ & clos5ess ( see+4 ,9 ,! ,new ,idol !re is "s dialogue1 real dialogue1 natural give-&-take1 ab\t ! fe> ( dea? & ! horror ( inde/ructibility 7a v>iation on "o ( ! f9e/ ( ,cov5try ,patmore's odes7 :i* seem$ to me admirable3 x held ! audi5ce because x 0 direct spee*1 express+ a univ]sal human feel+ 9 ! light ( a vivid individual crisis4 ,b su* writ+ z ?is 0 r>e2 = ! mo/ "p x 0 ! problem itself :i* insi/$ on occupy+ our att5tion1 or1 di/9ct f ?is1 ! too !atrical *>act]s4 ,,iv4 ,,mrs4 ,,w>r5',s ,,pr(ession ,! ,/age ,society has %[n ! c\rage ( its op9ions by giv+ an unlic5s$ play1 ,mrs4 ,w>r5's ,pr(ession1 "o ( ! unpleasant plays ( ,mr4 ,george ,b]n>d ,%aw1 at ! !atre ( ! ,new ,lyric ,club4 ,x 0 well act$1 ) ! exception ( two ( ! *>act]s1 & ! "p ( ,mrs4 ,w>r5 0 play$ by ,miss ,fanny ,br\gh1 "o ( ! clev]e/ actresses on ! ,engli% /age1 ) rem>kable ability4 ,! action 0 a little cramp$ by ! smallness ( ! /age1 b1 = all t1 ! play 0 se5 "u q fair conditions1 conditions "u :i* x c\ld be judg$ z an act+ play & z a "w ( art4 ,x is brilliantly clev]1 ) a close1 detective clev]ness1 all made up ( m]ciless logic & unansw]able common s5se4 ,! pr9cipal *>act]s are well drawn1 ! sc5es are con/ruct$ ) a great deal ( !atrical skill1 ! dialogue is tell+1 ! int]e/ is held ?r\gh\t4 ,to say t ! *>act]s1 )\t exception1 are ugly 9 _! vice & ugly 9 _! virtue2 t !y all h1 m5 & wom51 some?+ ( ! cad 9 !m2 t _! language is ! language ( vulg> p]sons1 is1 p]haps1 only to say t ,mr4 ,%aw has *os51 = arti/ic reasons1 to repres5t su* p j z !y are4 ,b !re is some?+ m to be said4 ,mrs4 ,w>r5's ,pr(ession is n a repres5tation ( life2 x is a discussion ab\t life4 ,n[1 discussion on ! /age may be int]e/+4 ,:y n8 ,discussion is ! mo/ int]e/+ ?+ 9 ! _w1 (f ! /age2 x is ! only ?+ t makes an h\r pass vividly 9 society2 b :5 discussion ends art has n begun4 ,x is int]e/+ to see a sculptor h&l+ bits ( clay1 /ick+ !m on "h1 scrap+ !m (f !re2 b t is only ! int]e/ ( a process4 ,:5 he has f9i%$ ,i w consid] :e!r 8 figure is well or ill done2 until he has f9i%$ ,i c h no op9ion ab\t x4 ,x is ! same ?+ ) discussion on ! /age4 ,! subject ( ,mr4 ,%aw's discussion is :at is call$ a na/y "o4 ,t is nei!r "h nor !re1 ?\gh x may be po9t$ out t !re is no ess5tial diff]5ce betwe5 ! problem t he discusses & ! problem t is at ! root ( ,! ,second ,mrs4 ,tanqu]ay4 ,b ,mr4 ,%aw1 ,i believe1 is nev] )\t 8 polemical int5tions1 & ,i %\ld l1 = a mom5t1 to ask :e!r 8 discussion ( 8 problem1 tak5 on its own m]its1 is altoge!r ! be/ way to discuss ?+s4 ,mr4 ,%aw has an ideal ( life3 he asks t m5 & wom5 %\ld be p]fectly reasonable1 t !y %\ld cle> _! m9ds ( cant1 & speak out ev]y?+ t is 9 _! m9ds4 ,he asks = cold & cle> logic1 & :5 he talks ab\t "r & wrong he is really talk+ ab\t "r & wrong logic4 ,n[1 logic is n ! ma9spr+ ( e action1 nor is ju/ice only ! inevitable work+ out ( an equation4 ,humanity1 z ,mr4 ,%aw sees x1 moves l clockwork2 & mu/ be regulat$ z a wat* is1 & prais$ or blam$ simply 9 proportion to its exactitude 9 keep+ "t4 ,humanity1 z ,mr4 ,%aw kn[s1 does n move by clockwork1 & ! ultimate ju/ice w h to take c\nt ( m exceptions & irregul>ities ?an ,mr4 ,%aw takes c\nt (4 ,!re is a great liv+ writ] :o has br\ght to be> on human problems z consi/5t a logic z ,mr4 ,%aw's1 toge!r ) some?+ :i* ,mr4 ,%aw disda9s4 ,mr4 ,%aw's logic is /]ile1 because x is )\t s5se ( t\*1 s5se ( sight1 or s5se ( he>+2 once set go+ x is w>rant$ to g /raight1 & to g ?r\gh e ob/acle4 ,tol/oi's logic is fruitful1 because x all[s = human weakness1 because x und]/&s1 & because to und]/& is1 among o!r ?+s1 to p>don4 ,9 a ^w1 ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! _s ( ,tol/oi & ! _s ( ,mr4 ,%aw is ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! _s ( ,*ri/ & ! _s ( ,euclid4 ,,monna1 ,,vanna ,9 8 e>li] plays ,maet]l9ck inv5t$ a _w ( 8 own1 :i* 0 a sort ( projection into space ( ! _w ( nurs]y leg5ds & ( *ildi% romances4 ,x 0 at once v ab/ract & v local4 ,!re 0 a ca/le by ! sea1 a well at ! _w's end1 a pool 9 a =e/2 pr9cesses ) names out ( ! ,morte d',ar?ur lo/ cr[ns ( gold2 & bl9d begg>s )\t a "n w&]$ 9 ! d>kness ( et]nal t]ror4 ,dea? 0 always ! sc5e-%ift] ( ! play1 & de/9y ! /age-manag]4 ,! p :o came & w5t _h ! bl9d ge/ures ( m>ionettes1 & "o piti$ _! helplessness4 ,pity & t]ror _h inde$ gone to ! mak+ ( ?is drama1 9 a s5se mu* m lit]al ?an ,ari/otle's4 ,9 all ^! plays !re 7 few words & _m sil5ces1 & ! words 7 ambigu\s1 hesitat+1 (t5 repeat$1 l ! words ( peasants or *ildr54 ,!y 7 r>ely beautiful 9 !mselves1 r>ely ev5 significant1 b !y sugge/$ a s+ul> k9d ( beauty & significance1 ?r\gh _! adju/m5t 9 a patt]n or arabesque4 ,atmosph]e1 ! sugge/ion ( :at 0 n said1 0 ev]y?+2 & 9 an essay 9 ,le ,trsor des ,humbles ,maet]l9ck told u t 9 drama1 z he conceiv$ x1 x 0 only ! words t 7 n said :i* matt]$4 ,gradually ! words began to mean m 9 ! s*eme ( ! play4 ,) ,aglava9e et ,slysette we got a drama ( ! inn] life1 9 :i* !re 0 little action1 little effective dramatic spee*1 b 9 :i* p ?\ght ab\t action & talk$ ab\t action1 & discuss$ ! morality ( ?+s & _! mean+1 v beautifully4 ,monna ,vanna is a developm5t out ( ,aglava9e et ,slysette1 & 9 x = ! fir/ "t ,maet]l9ck has repres5t$ ! conflicts ( ! inn] life 9 an ext]nal =m1 mak+ drama1 :ile ! p :o und]go !m discuss !m frankly at ! mom5t ( _! happ5+4 ,9 a significant passage ( ,la ,sagesse et la ,de/9e1 ,maet]l9ck says3 ,on n\s affirme que t\tes les gr&es tragdies ne n\s (fr5t pas d'autre spectacle que la lutte de l'homme contre la fatalit4 ,je crois1 au contraire1 qu'il n'exi/e pas une seule tragdie o la fatalit rgne rellem5t4 ,j'ai beau les p>c\rir1 je n'en tr\ve pas une o le hros combatte le de/9 pur et simple4 ,au fond1 ce n'e/ jamais le de/91 c'e/ t\j\rs la sagesse1 qu'il attaque4 ,&1 on ! prec$+ page1 he says3 ,obs]vons que les potes tragiques os5t trs r>em5t p]mettre au sage de p>atre un mom5t sur la scne4 ,ils craign5t une me haute p>ce que les vnem5ts la craign5t4 ,n[ x is ?is conception ( life & ( drama t we f9d 9 ,monna ,vanna4 ,we see ! conflict ( wisdom1 p]sonifi$ 9 ! old man ,m>co & 9 ! in/9ctively wise ,giovanna1 ) ! tragic folly p]sonifi$ 9 ! husb& ,guido1 :o rebels aga9/ tru? & aga9/ life1 & loses ev5 t :i* he w\ld sacrifice ! _w to keep4 ,! play is full ( lessons 9 life1 & its deepe/ lesson is a w>n+ aga9/ ! too ready acceptance ( ?is or t aspect ( tru? or ( morality4 ,"h is a play 9 :i* almo/ e "* is noble1 9 :i* trea*]y becomes a virtue1 a lie becomes m vital ?an tru?1 & only :at we are accu/om$ to call virtue %[s itself mean1 petty1 & ev5 crim9al4 ,& x is mo/ l life1 z life really is1 9 ?is3 t at any mom5t ! :ole c\rse ( ! action might be *ang$1 ! position ( e "* alt]$1 or ev5 rev]s$1 by a m]e decision ( ! w1 op5 to ea*1 & t ?+s happ5 z !y d because x is impossible1 9 ! nature ( ea*1 t ! *oice c\ld be o!rwise4 ,"*1 9 ! deepe/ s5se1 makes ! action1 & !re is some?+ 9 ! movem5t ( ! play :i* resembles ! grave & reasonable m>* ( a play ( ,sophocles1 9 :i* m5 & wom5 delib]ate wisely & n only passionately1 9 :i* x is n only ! cry ( ! he>t & ( ! s5ses :i* takes ! =m ( drama4 ,9 ,maet]l9ck's e>li] plays1 9 ,les ,aveugles1 ,intrieur1 & ev5 ,pellz et ,mlis&e1 he is dramatic aft] a new1 exp]im5tal fa%ion ( 8 own2 ,monna ,vanna is dramatic 9 ! obvi\s s5se ( ! ^w4 ,! action moves1 & moves always 9 an int]e/+1 ev5 9 a tell+1 way4 ,b at ! same "t ,i _c b feel t some?+ has be5 lo/4 ,! spee*es1 :i* 7 once s %ort z to be enigmatical1 are n[ too long1 too explanatory2 !y are sometimes rhetorical1 & h m logic ?an life4 ,! playwright has ga9$ exp]i5ce1 ! ?9k] has ga9$ wisdom1 b ! curi\s arti/ has lo/ "s ( 8 magic4 ,no d\bt ! wiz>d _h drawn 8 circle too small1 b n[ he has /epp$ outside 8 circle into a _w :i* no long] obeys 8 =mulas4 ,9 ca/+ away 8 =mulas1 has he ! big human ma/]y :i* alone c\ld replace !m8 ,monna ,vanna is a rem>kable & beautiful play1 b x is n a ma/]piece4 ,la ,mort de ,t9tagiles 0 a ma/]piece ( a t9y1 too delib]ate k9d2 b x did some?+ :i* no "o _h ev] done be=e4 ,we mu/ /ill1 ?\gh we h se5 ,monna ,vanna1 wait1 feel+ t ,maet]l9ck has n giv5 u all t he is capable ( giv+ u4 ,,! ,,"q ,,( ,,c5sor%ip4 ,! lett] ( prote/ :i* appe>$ 9 ! ,times ( ,june #cj1 #aijc1 sign$ by ,mr4 ,sw9burne1 ,mr4 ,m]$i?1 & ,mr4 ,h>dy1 ! ?ree highe/ names 9 contempor>y ,engli% lit]ature1 w1 ,i hope1 h done some?+ to save ! lit]>y reputation ( ,engl& f su* a fate z "o em95t dramatic critic sees 9 /ore = x4 ,once m1 says ! ,a!num1 ! caprice ( our c5sure br+s contempt ^u u1 & makes1 or %\ld make1 u ! laugh+-/ock ( ,europe4 ,! ,morn+ ,po/ is m l5i5t1 & is s9c]ely sorry = ! un=tunate c5sor1 because he has immortalis$ himself by prohibit+ ! mo/ beautiful play ( 8 "t1 & mu/ live to be ! laugh+-/ock ( all s5sible p4 ,n[ ! "q is3 :i* is really made ridicul\s by ?is ridicul\s episode ( ! prohibition ( ,maet]l9ck's ,monna ,vanna1 ,engl& or ,mr4 ,r$=d8 ,mr4 ,r$=d is a g5tleman ( :om ,i only "k t he is n himself a man ( lett]s1 & t he has n giv5 any public indication ( an intellig5t int]e/ 9 lit]ature z lit]ature4 ,if1 z a private p]son1 be=e 8 appo9tm5t to ! (ficial po/ ( c5sor ( ! drama1 he _h express$ 9 pr9t an op9ion on any lit]>y or dramatic "q1 t op9ion w\ld h be5 tak5 on its own m]its1 & w\ld h c>ri$ only ! weight ( its own cont5ts4 ,! (ficial appo9tm5t1 :i* gives him absolute p[] ov] ! public life or dea? ( a play1 gives to ! public no gu>antee ( 8 fitness = ! po/4 ,s f> z ! public c judge1 he 0 *os5 z ! typical man 9 ! /reet1 ! pla9 man :o wants a pla9 answ]1 ! type ( ! gold5 mean1 or m$iocrity4 ,we he> t he is hone/ & dilig5t1 t he reads e ^w ( e play s5t = 8 inspection4 ,^! are ! virtues ( ! capable cl]k1 n ( ! p5etrat+ judge4 ,n[ ! position1 if x is to be tak5 s]i\sly1 mu/ require delicate disc]nm5t z well z inflexible uprightness4 ,is ,mr4 ,r$=d capable ( discrim9at+ betwe5 :at is arti/ically f9e & :at is arti/ically ignoble8 ,if n1 he is c]ta9ly incapable ( discrim9at+ betwe5 :at is morally f9e & :at is morally ignoble4 ,x is useless = him to say t he is n conc]n$ ) art1 b ) morals4 ,!y _c be dissev]$1 because x is really ! art :i* makes ! morality4 ,9 o!r words1 morality does n consi/ 9 ! facts ( a situation or 9 ! words ( a spee*1 b 9 ! _s :i* in=ms ! :ole "w4 ,:atev] may be ! facts ( ,monna ,vanna 7& ,i cont5d t !y are entirely above reproa*1 ev5 z facts71 no "o capable ( disc]n+ ! _s ( a "w c\ld possibly fail to realise t ! :ole t5d5cy ( ! play is noble & invigorat+4 ,all ?is1 all t is ess5tial1 evid5tly escapes ,mr4 ,r$=d4 ,he lic5ses :at ! ,times rightly calls su* a gross indec5cy z ',! ,girl f ,maxim's4' ,b he refuses to lic5se ,monna ,vanna1 & he refuses to /ate 8 reason = )hold+ ! lic5se4 ,! fact is1 t moral que/ions are discuss$ 9 x1 n tak5 = grant$1 & ! pla9 man1 ! man 9 ! /reet1 is al>m$ :5ev] p beg9 to discuss moral que/ions4 ,! ,girl f ,maxim's is m]ely indec5t1 x raises no problems4 ,monna ,vanna raises problems4 ,!re=e1 says ! c5sor1 x mu/ be suppress$4 ,by 8 decision 9 reg>d to ?is play ( ,maet]l9ck1 ,mr4 ,r$=d has ( c\rse conclusively prov$ 8 unfitness = 8 po/4 ,b t is only "o "p ( ! "q4 ,! "q is3 c\ld any "o man be f\nd on ^: op9ion all ,engl& might safely rely = its dramatic in/ruction & ent]ta9m5t8 ,i d n ?9k su* a man c\ld be f\nd4 ,) ,mr4 ,r$=d1 z ! ,times puts x1 any t+e ( lit]>y m]it seems at once to excite 8 wor/ suspicions4 ,b ) a c5sor ^: sympa?ies 7 too purely lit]>y1 lit]>y 9 too n>r[ a s5se1 w\ld n scruples ( "s o!r k9d beg9 to intrude !mselves1 scruples ( ! /ud5t :o _c tol]ate an innoc5t je/+ ) s]i\s ?+s1 scruples ( ! morali/ :o mu/ *oose betwe5 ,maet]l9ck & d',annunzio1 betwe5 ,tol/oi & ,ibs58 ,i _c s mu* z ?9k ( a man 9 all ,engl& :o w\ld be capable ( ju/ify+ ! exi/5ce ( ! c5sor%ip4 ,is x1 !n1 m]ely ,mr4 ,r$=d :o is made ridicul\s by ?is ridicul\s episode1 or is x n1 aft] all1 ,engl&1 :i* has giv5 u ! lib]ty ( ! press & )held f u ! lib]ty ( ! /age8 ,a ,,play ,,& ,,! ,,public ,john ,oliv] ,hobbes1 ,mrs4 ,craigie1 once wrote a play call$ ,! ,bi%op's ,move1 :i* 0 an attempt to d arti/ically :at s _m writ]s = ! /age h done )\t ?9k+ ab\t art at all4 ,%e gave u good writ+ in/ead ( bad1 delicate worldly wisdom in/ead ( vague s5tim5t or vague cynicism1 & ! mann]s ( society in/ead ( an imitation ( "s remote imitation ( ^? mann]s4 ,! play is a com$y1 & ! situations are n all[$ to get beyond ! control ( good mann]s4 ,! game is aft] all ! ?+1 & ! skill ( ! game4 ,:5 ! pawns beg9 to cry out 9 ! pla9tive way ( pawns1 !y are hu%$ be=e !y become di/urb+4 ,x is 9 ?is p[] to play ! game on its own artificial l9es1 & yet to play ) pieces made scrupul\sly aft] ! patt]n ( nature1 t ,mrs4 ,craigie's skill1 9 ?is play1 seems to me to consi/4 ,"h !n1 is a play :i* makes no dem&s on ! pocket h&k]*ief1 to /ifle ei!r laught] or sobs1 b 9 :i* ! writ] is se5 treat+ ! real p ( ! audi5ce & ! imag9>y p ( ! play z if !y 7 alike ladies & g5tlem54 ,h[ ?is k9d ( "w w appeal to ! g5]al public ,i c h>dly tell4 ,:5 ,i saw ,sweet & ,tw5ty on its fir/ p]=mance1 ,i hone/ly expect$ ! audi5ce to bur/ out laugh+4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! audi5ce ?rill$ ) delight1 & audi5ce aft] audi5ce w5t on indef9itely ?rill+ ) delight4 ,if ! c>icature ( ! natural emotions c give s mu* pleasure1 w a delicate sugge/ion ( !m1 z 9 ?is play1 ev] mean v mu* to ! public8 ,! public 9 ,engl& is a /range creature1 to be /udi$ ) wond] & curiosity & ,i am n sure t a native c ev] hope to und]/& x4 ,at ! p]=mance ( a rec5t melodrama1 ,sweet ,nell ( ,old ,drury1 ,i happ5$ to be 9 ! la/ r[ ( ! /alls4 ,my seat 0 n altoge!r well adapt$ = see+ & he>+ ! play1 b x 0 admirably adapt$ = obs]v+ ! pit1 & ,i gave "s ( my att5tion to my neighb\rs !re4 ,:5ev] a fooli% joke 0 made on ! /age1 :5 ,miss ,julia ,neilson1 z ,nell1 ! orange girl1 /utt]$ ) laught] or romp$ heavily across ! /age1 ! pit ?rill$ & quiv]$ ) delight4 ,at e piece ( cl[n+ !re 0 ! same responsive gurgle ( delight4 ,tricks ( act+ s badly done t ,i %\ld h ?\ght a *ild w\ld h se5 ?r\gh !m1 & res5t$ !m z an imposition1 7 accept$ 9 p]fect good fai?1 & gloat$ ov]4 ,i 0 turn+ ov] ! matt] 9 my m9d aft]w>ds1 :5 ,i rememb]$ some?+ t 0 said to me ! o!r day by a "y ,sw$i% poet :o is n[ 9 ,london4 ,he told me t he _h be5 to mo/ ( ! !atres1 & he _h be5 surpris$ to f9d t ! great] "p ( ! pieces :i* 7 play$ at ! pr9cipal ,london !atres 7 su* pieces z w\ld be play$ 9 ,norway & ,sw$5 at ! l[] class !atres1 & t nobody "h seem$ to m9d4 ,! ,engli% audi5ce1 he said1 rem9d$ him ( a lot ( *ildr52 !y took :at 0 set be=e !m ) +5u\s good temp]1 !y laugh$ :5 !y 7 expect$ to laugh1 cri$ :5 !y 7 expect$ to cry4 ,b ( criticism1 pref]5ce1 selection1 n a trace4 ,he 0 amaz$1 = he _h be5 told t ,london 0 ! c5tre ( civilisation4 ,well1 9 future ,i %all try to rememb]1 :5 ,i he> an audi5ce clapp+ its h&s wildly ov] "s bad play1 badly act$3 x is all "r1 x is only ! *ildr54 ,,! ,,te/ ,,( ,,! ,,actor ,! int]e/ ( bad plays lies 9 ! te/ :i* !y af=d ( ! capability ( ! actor4 ,to :at ext5t1 h[ev]1 c an actor really c>ry ?r\gh a play :i* has n ev5 ! m]its ( its defects1 su* a play1 = in/ance1 z ,mr4 ,h5ry ,ar?ur ,jones has produc$ 9 ,! ,pr9cess's ,nose8 ,mr4 ,jones has sometimes be5 mi/ak5 = a man ( lett]s1 z by a di/+ui%$ dramatic critic1 :o1 writ+ a complim5t>y preface1 has said3 ,! claim ( ,mr4 ,h5ry ,ar?ur ,jones's m ambiti\s plays to rank z lit]ature may h be5 9 "s cases grudg+ly all[$1 b has n be5 s]i\sly conte/$4 ,mr4 ,jones himself has assur$ u t he has ?\ght ab\t life1 & w\ld l to give "s repres5tation ( x 9 8 plays4 ,t is app>5tly :at he means by ?is p]oration1 :i* once clos$ an article 9 ! ,n9ete5? ,c5tury3 ,o human life6 s v>i$1 s va/1 s complex1 s ri* & subtle 9 tremul\s deep organ tones1 & s(t proclaim ( silv] flutes1 s utt]ly beyond our spell ( insight1 :o ( u c gov]n ! ?und] & :irlw9d ( ?y v5tages to any utt]ance ( h>mony1 or pluck out ! he>t ( ?y et]nal my/]y8 ,does ,mr4 ,jones1 ,i wond]1 or ! di/+ui%$ critic1 really he> any s(t proclaim ( silv] flutes1 or any ( ! o!r organ effects :i* he enum]ates1 9 ,! ,pr9cess's ,nose8 ,does anyone s]i\sly conte/ its "r n to rank z ,lit]ature8 ,! audi5ce1 = once1 0 unanim\s4 ,mr4 ,jones 0 n enc\rag$ to appe>4 ,& yet !re _h be5 applause1 prolong$ applause1 at _m po9ts ?r\gh\t ?is bewild]+ ev5+4 ,! applause 0 meant = ! actors4 ,if ,mr4 ,jones _h %[n z mu* tact 9 ! con/ruction ( 8 play z 9 ! selection ( 8 ca/1 h[ admirable ! play w\ld h be56 ,i h r>ely se5 a play 9 :i* ea* actor seem$ to fit into 8 "p ) su* exactitude4 ,b ! play6 ,well1 ! play began z a com$y1 cont9u$ z a trag$y1 & end$ z a f>ce4 ,x came to a crisis e five m9utes1 x sugge/$ spl5did situations1 & !n c>icatur$ !m un9t5tionally1 x w5t %illy-%ally+ ab\t among ! emotions & s5sations :i* may be drama or melodrama1 :i*ev] ! h&l+ makes !m4 ,y see !re is a little poetical ju/ice go+ ab\t ! _w1 says ! ,pr9cess1 :5 %e he>s t h] rival1 aga9/ :om %e has f\ght 9 va91 has be5 upset by ,provid5ce 9 ! =m ( a motor-c>1 & ! bridge ( h] nose brok54 ,! brok5 nose is ,mr4 ,jones's symbol = poetical ju/ice2 x indicates 8 intellectual attitude4 ,!re are _m p>ts ( ! play :]e he %[s1 z he has s (t5 %[n1 a g5u9e skill 9 pres5t+ & manipulat+ humor\s m9or *>act]s4 ,z usual1 !y h little to d ) ! play1 b !y are amus+ = _! mom5t4 ,x is ! s]i\s *>act]s :o w n be s]i\s4 ,!y are meant well1 ! action hov]s ab\t !m ) little tempt+ solicitations1 cont9ually (f]+ !m an opportunity to be f9e1 to be g5u9e1 & !n )draw+ x be=e x c be grasp$4 ,! ?ird act has all ! mat]ial ( trag$y1 b ! mat]ial is wa/$2 only ! actress makes any?+ ( x4 ,we "k h[ ,sullivan w take a motive ( m]e f>ce1 su* words z ! ,o ,capta9 ,%aw6 ( ,iolan!1 & w write a lovely melody to g ) x1 fitt+ 8 music to ! feel+ :i* ! words d b c>icature4 ,t is h[ ,miss ,ir5e ,vanbrugh h&l$ ,mr4 ,jones's un%ap5 mat]ial4 ,by ! e>ne/ness1 s9c]ity1 %e] nature1 p[]1 fire1 dignity1 & gaiety ( h] act+1 %e made = u a figure :i* ,mr4 ,jones _h n made4 ,mr4 ,jones w\ld set 8 "* 9 "s impossible situation1 & ,miss ,vanbrugh w\ld make u1 = ! mom5t1 =get its impossibility4 ,he w\ld give h] a trivial or a grotesque or a vulg> action to d1 & %e w\ld d x ) di/9ction4 ,%e _h =ce 9 lightness1 a vivid malice1 a magnetic *e]fulness2 & %e c\ld suff] sil5tly1 & be s9c]e 9 a trag$y :i* _h be5 conceiv$ )\t s9c]ity4 ,if act+ c\ld save a play1 ,! ,pr9cess's ,nose w\ld h be5 sav$4 ,x 0 n sav$4 ,& ! reason is t ev5 ! be/ ( actors _c save a play :i* insi/s on defeat+ !m at e turn4 ,yet1 z we may realise any day :5 ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt acts be=e u1 !re is a c]ta9 k9d ( frankly melodramatic play :i* c be lift$ into at all ev5ts a region ( excit$ & gratifi$ n]ves4 ,i h lately be5 to see a melodrama call$ ,! ,heel ( ,a*illes1 :i* ,miss ,julia ,neilson has be5 giv+ at ! ,globe ,!atre4 ,! play 0 meant to te> at "o's susceptibilities1 mu* z ,la ,tosca te>s at !m4 ,la ,tosca is n a f9e play 9 itself1 ?\gh x is a mu* bett] play ?an ,! ,heel ( ,a*illes4 ,b x is ! vivid1 s5sational act+ ( ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt :i* gives "o all ! %udd]s4 ,! ,heel ( ,a*illes did n give me a s+le %udd]1 n because x 0 n pack$ ) ! raw mat]ial ( s5sation1 b because ,miss ,julia ,neilson w5t ?r\gh s _m try+ exp]i5ces ) n]ves ( m>ble4 ,i _c help wond]+ at ! curi\s lack ( self-k 9 actors4 ,"h is a play1 :i* dep5ds = a great deal ( its effect on a sc5e 9 :i* ,lady ,leslie1 a "y ,engli%woman 9 ,russia1 promises to m>ry a ,russian pr9ce :om %e hates1 9 ord] to save h] betro!d lov] f be+ s5t to ,sib]ia4 ,! lov] is %ut 9 betwe5 two doors1 unable to get out2 he is ! be>] ( a ,/ate secret1 & ev]y?+ dep5ds on 8 be+ able to cat* ! elev5 ,p4,m4 tra9 = ,b]l94 ,! ,russian pr9ce /&s be=e ! "y ,engli%woman1 (f]+ h] ! key ( ! door1 ! safety ( h] lov]1 & 8 own h& 9 m>riage4 ,n[1 %e has to express by h] face & h] movem5ts all ! feel+s ( a/oni%m5t1 horror1 susp5se1 love1 hatr$1 di/raction1 :i* su* a situation w\ld call up 9 h]4 ,if %e does n express !m ! sc5e goes = no?+4 ,! actress /akes all on ?is sc5e4 ,n[1 is x possible t ,miss ,julia ,neilson really imag9$ h]self to be capable ( r5d]+ ?is sc5e z x %\ld be r5d]$8 ,x is a sc5e t requires no bra9s1 no subtle emotional quality1 none ( ! m intellectual m]its ( act+4 ,x requires simply a great passivity to feel+1 ! m]e skill ( lett+ horrors sweep ov] ! face & ! body l dr5*+ waves4 ,! actress ne$ n "k h[ %e does x2 %e may d x )\t an ef=t1 or %e may obta9 h] spontaneity by an elaborate calculation4 ,b to d x at all %e mu/ be ! actress 9 e fibre ( h] body2 %e mu/ be able to vibrate freely4 ,if ! emotion does n seize h] 9 its own grasp1 & !n seize u ?r\gh h]1 x w all g = no?+4 ,well1 ,miss ,neilson sat1 & walk$1 & />t$1 & became rigid1 & glanc$ at ! clock1 & knelt1 & fell aga9/ ! wall1 & ca/ h] eyes ab\t1 & ?rew h] arms out1 & made h] voice husky2 & x all w5t = no?+4 ,nev] = an in/ant did %e sugge/ :at %e 0 try+ to sugge/1 & aft] ! fir/ mom5t ( disappo9tm5t ! m9d 0 left calmly free to wat* h] attempt z if x 7 speculat+ r\nd a problem4 ,h[ _m ,engli% actresses1 ,i wond]1 w\ld h be5 capable ( deal+ adequately ) su* a sc5e z t8 ,i take x1 n because x is a good sc5e1 b because x af=ds s rudim5t>y a te/ ( ! capacity = act+4 ,! te/ ( ! capacity = act+ beg9s :]e words end2 x is indep5d5t ( words2 y may take poor words z well z f9e words2 x is all ! same4 ,! embody+ p[]1 ! p[] to ?r[ op5 "o's :ole nature to an ov]com+ s5sation1 ! p[] to r5d] ?is s5sation 9 s inevitable a way t o!rs %all feel x3 t is ! "o ?+ ne$ful4 ,x is n art1 x is n ev5 ! beg9n+ ( art2 b x is ! f\ndation on :i* alone art c be built4 ,! o!r day1 9 ,ulysses1 !re 0 only "o piece ( act+ t 0 q conv9c+3 ! act+ ( ,mr4 ,br\gh z ! ,sw9eh]d4 ,x is a small "p & an easy "p1 b x 0 p]fectly done4 ,almo/ any o!r "p w\ld h be5 m /rik+ & surpris+ if x _h be5 done z p]fectly1 b no o!r "p 0 done z p]fectly4 ,mr4 ,br\gh has develop$ a /age-p]sonality ( 8 own1 ) only a limit$ range ( emotion1 b he has develop$ x until x has become a second nature ) him4 ,he has only to speak1 & he may say :at he likes2 we accept him aft] ! fir/ ^w1 & he rema9s :at t fir/ ^w has %[n him to be4 ,mr4 ,tree1 ) 8 _m gifts1 8 effective tal5ts1 all 8 ta/e1 ambition1 v]satility1 nev] produces j t effect3 he rema9s int]e/+ly aside f :at he is do+2 y see 8 bra9 work+ ^u x1 y enjoy 8 by-play2 8 gait1 8 /udi$ ge/ures1 absorb y2 ,h[ well ?is is done6 y say1 & ,h[ well t is done6 &1 inde$1 y get a complete picture out ( 8 repres5tation ( t "p3 a picture1 n a man4 ,i am n sure t melodrama is n ! h>de/ te/ ( ! actor3 x is1 at lea/1 ! sure/4 ,all ! human emotions ?rong noisily toge!r 9 ! mak+ ( melodrama3 !y are left !re1 9 _! nak$ muddle1 & !y come to no good end2 b !re !y are4 ,to repres5t any prim>y emotion1 & to be ineffective1 is to fail 9 ! fundam5tal ?+4 ,all actors %\ld be s5t to s*ool 9 melodrama1 z all dramatic au?ors %\ld le>n _! trade !re4 ,,! ,,price ,,( ,,realism ,mod]n /ag+1 :i* has be5 c>ri$ 9 ,engl& to its highe/ po9t ( excell5ce1 pr(esses to aim at beauty1 & is1 inde$1 (t5 beautiful 9 detail4 ,b its real aim is n at ! creation ( beautiful pictures1 9 subord9ation to ! words & actions ( ! play1 b at supplem5t+ words & actions by an exact imitation ( real surr\nd+s4 ,imitation1 n creation1 is its end1 & 9 its attempt to imitate ! g5]al aspect ( ?+s x leads ! way to ! sub/itution ( ?+s !mselves = p]fectly satisfactory indications ( !m4 ,real wat] we h all he>d (1 & we "k its place 9 ! !atre2 b ?is is only ! simple/ =m ( ?is anti-arti/ic endeav\r to be real4 ,sir ,h5ry ,irv+ w use1 = a piece ( decoration meant to be se5 only f a di/ance1 a g>l& ( imitation fl[]s1 exce$+ly well done1 co/+ p]haps two p\nds1 :]e two or ?ree bru%es ( pa9t w\ld h suppli$ its place m effectively4 ,:5 d',annunzio's ,francesca da ,rim9i 0 put on ! /age 9 ,rome1 a pot ( basil 0 br\ght daily f ,naples 9 ord] t x might be laid on ! w9d[-sill ( ! room 9 :i* ,francesca & ,paolo read ( ,lancelot & ,gu9ev]e4 ,9 an int]view publi%$ 9 "o ( ! ,engli% pap]s1 d',annunzio decl>$ t he _h all 8 /age decorations made 9 preci\s metal by f9e craftsm51 & t he _h done ?is = an arti/ic purpose1 & n only = ! beauty ( ! ?+s !mselves4 ,! ge/ure1 he said1 ( ! actor :o lifts to 8 lips a cup ( f9ely-wr\ght gold w be f9]1 m s9c]e1 ?an t ( ! actor :o uses a gild$ prop]ty4 ,if s1 ,i c b answ]1 ! actor is no actor1 b an amateur4 ,! true actor walks 9 a _w z real 9 its unreality z t :i* surr\nds ! poet or ! en?usia/4 ,! b>e bo>ds1 *airs1 & ,t-light1 9 ! mid/ ( :i* he rehe>ses1 are z significantly palaces or mead[s to him1 :ile he speaks 8 l9es & lives himself into 8 "*1 z all ! real grass & real woodwork ) :i* ! manag] w cumb] ! /age on ! fir/ night4 ,z little w he ne$ to di/+ui% betwe5 ! gilt & ! gold cup z betwe5 ! imag9>y *>act]s :o surr\nd him1 & 8 m]e fri5ds & acqua9tances :o are speak+ = !m4 ,?is co/ly & in>ti/ic aim at reality1 !n1 is ! vice ( ! mod]n /age1 &1 at its be/ or wor/1 c x be said t x is really ev5 :at x pret5ds to be3 a p]fectly deceptive imitation ( ! real ?+8 ,i said once1 to cl9* an argum5t aga9/ x1 by giv+ x its full possible cr$it1 t ! mod]n /ag+ c give y ! h\r ( ! day & ! corn] ( ! c\ntry ) precise accuracy4 ,b c x8 ,has ! mo/ gradual ( /age-moons ev] caught ! miracul\s lun> trick to ! life8 ,has ! real h$g][ ev] br\ght a brea? ( ! c\ntry ^u ! /age8 ,i d n ?9k s1 & mean:ile1 we h be5 try+ our h>de/ to p]suade ourselves t x is s1 in/ead ( ab&on+ ourselves to a new1 /range atmosph]e1 to ! magic ( ! play itself4 ,:at ,mr4 ,craig does is to provide a pla91 conv5tional1 or d>k5$ backgr\nd = life1 z life works out its own ord]$ l9es on ! /age2 he gives u sugge/ion in/ead ( reality1 a symbol in/ead ( an imitation2 & he relies1 = 8 effects1 on a new sy/em ( light+ f above1 n f bel[1 & on a q new k9d ( drill1 z ,i may call x1 by :i* he uses 8 *>act]s z masses & patt]ns1 tea*+ !m to move all toge!r1 ) id5tical ge/ures4 ,! eye is c>ri$ "r ?r\gh or beyond ^! horizons ( canvas1 & ! imag9ation ) x2 in/ead ( /opp+ entangl$ among real /alks & pa9t$ gables4 ,i h se5 no?+ s imag9ative1 s re/ful1 s expressive1 on ! ,engli% /age z ^! simple & elaborately wov5 designs1 9 patt]ns ( light & drap]y & movem5t1 :i* 9 ,! ,masque ( ,love _h a new quality ( *>m1 a complet5ess ( inv5tion1 = :i* ,i w\ld h giv5 all d',annunzio's gold5 cups & ,mr4 ,tree's boats on real ,?ames wat]4 ,"h1 = once1 we see ! /age treat$ 9 ! prop] _s1 z mat]ial = art1 n z a collection ( real objects1 or ! imitation ( real objects4 ,:y %\ld n ! visible _w be treat$ 9 ! same _s z ! invisible _w ( "* & temp]am5t8 ,a f9e play is n ! copy ( an incid5t or ! /5ography ( a "*4 ,a poetical play1 to limit myself to t1 requires to be put on ! /age 9 su* a way z to sugge/ t atmosph]e :i*1 if x is a true poem1 w envelop its m5tal outl9es4 ,t atmosph]e1 :i* is ( its ess5ce1 is ! fir/ ?+ to be lo/1 9 ! /ag+ ( mo/ poetical plays4 ,x is precisely :at ! /age-manag]1 if he happ5s to h ! secret ( 8 own art1 w endeav\r mo/ p]si/5tly to sugge/4 ,he w make x 8 bus9ess to compete ) ! poet1 & n1 aft] ! mann] ( ,drury ,lane1 ) ! accid5ts ( life & ! vulg>ities ( nature4 ,,on ,,cross+ ,,/age ,,to ,,"r ,if y look into ! actors' prompt-books1 ! mo/ frequ5t direction :i* y w f9d is ?is3 ,cross /age to "r4 ,x is n a m]e direction1 x is a =mula2 x is n a =mula only1 b a univ]sal rem$y4 ,:5ev] ! action seems to flag1 or ! dialogue to become weak or wordy1 y mu/ cross /age to "r2 no matt] :at is wrong ) ! play1 ?is w set x "r4 ,we h he>d s mu* ( ! action ( a play1 t ! /age-manag] 9 ,engl& seems to imag9e t dramatic action is lit]ally a movem5t ( p across ! /age1 ev5 if = no o!r reason ?an = movem5t's sake4 ,is ! play weak8 ,he tries to /r5g!n x1 poor ?+1 by s5d+ x out walk+ = its heal?4 ,if we take drama ) any s]i\sness1 z an art z well z an improvisation1 we %all realise t "o ( its ma9 requirem5ts is t x %\ld make pictures4 ,t is ! lesson ( ,bayreu?1 & :5 "o comes away1 ! impression :i* rema9s1 almo/ long] ?an ! impression ( ! music itself1 is t grave1 regulat$ motion ( ! actors4 ,z ,i h said else:]e1 no actor makes a ge/ure :i* has n be5 regulat$ = him2 !re is none ( t un9tellig5t haphaz>d kn[n z be+ natural2 ^! p move l music1 or ) t s5se ( motion :i* x is ! bus9ess ( pa9t+ to arre/4 ,b "h1 ( c\rse1 ,i am speak+ ( ! poetic drama1 ( drama :i* does n aim at ! reali/ic repres5tation ( mod]n life4 ,maet]l9ck %\ld be act$ 9 ?is solemn way1 9 a k9d ( conv5tion2 b ,i admit t y _c act ,ibs5 9 q ! same way4 ,! o!r day1 :5 ,mme4 ,jeanne ,grani]'s company came ov] "h to give u "s lessons 9 act+1 ,i wat*$ a little sc5e 9 ,la ,ve9e1 :i* 0 "o ( ! tell+ sc5es ( ! play3 ,guitry & ,brasseur /&+ face to face = "s m9utes1 look+ at _! wat*es1 & !n wait+1 ea* ) a s+le1 fix$ expression on 8 face1 9 :i* ! :ole temp]am5t ( ea* is summ$ up4 ,"o is incl9$ to say3 ,no ,engli% actor c\ld h done x4 ,p]haps2 b !n1 no ,engli% /age-manag] w\ld h let !m d x4 ,!y w\ld h be5 told to move1 to f9d bus9ess1 to indulge 9 ge/ure :i* w\ld n come naturally to !m4 ,aga91 9 ,t>tuffe1 :51 at ! end1 ! hypocrite is expos$ & l$ (f to prison1 ,coquel9 simply turns 8 back on ! audi5ce1 & /&s1 ) head sull5ly d[n1 mak+ no movem5t2 !n1 at ! end1 he turns half-r\nd & walks /raight (f1 on ! ne>] side ( ! /age1 giv+ y no m ?an a mom5t>y glimpse ( a convuls$ face1 fix$ into a def9ite1 gross1 rag+ mood4 ,x w\ld h tak5 ,mr4 ,tree five m9utes to get (f ! /age1 & he w\ld h walk$ to & fro ) a v multiplication ( ge/ure1 try+ on "o face1 s to speak1 aft] ano!r4 ,w\ld x h be5 s effective1 t is to say1 s real8 ,a great "p ( ! art ( ,fr5* act+ consi/s 9 kn[+ :5 & h[ n to d ?+s4 ,_! blood helps !m1 = !re is movem5t 9 _! blood1 & !y h some?+ to re/ra94 ,b !y h realis$ ! art !re is 9 be+ q /ill1 9 speak+ naturally1 z p d :5 !y are really talk+1 9 fix+ att5tion on ! words !y are say+ & n on _! antics :ile say+ !m4 ,! o!r day1 9 ! fir/ act ( ,! ,bi%op's ,move at ! ,g>rick1 !re is a ,du*ess talk+ to a "y novice 9 ! refectory ( a ,fr5* abbey4 ,aft] /&+ talk+ to him = a few m9utes1 ) only su* movem5ts z w\ld be q natural "u ! circum/ances1 %e takes 8 arm1 n once only b twice1 & walks him up & d[n 9 front ( ! footlights1 = no reason 9 ! _w except to cross /age to "r4 ,! /age trick 0 s obvi\s t x depriv$ ! sc5e at once ( any pret5ce to reality4 ,! fact is1 t we d n suffici5tly realise ! diff]5ce betwe5 :at is dramatic & :at is m]ely !atrical4 ,drama is made to be act$1 & ! f9e/ lit]>y play 9 ! _w1 if x :olly fails to int]e/ p on ! /age1 w h :olly fail$ 9 its fir/ & mo/ ess5tial aim4 ,b ! f9] "p ( drama is implicit 9 ! words & 9 ! developm5t ( ! play1 & n 9 its sep>ate small details ( lit]al action4 ,two p %\ld be able to sit quietly 9 a room1 )\t ev] leav+ _! *airs1 & to hold our att5tion brea?less = z long z ! playwright likes4 ,giv5 a good play1 ,fr5* actors are able to d t4 ,giv5 a good play1 ,engli% actors are n all[$ to d x4 ,is x n p>tly ! en]gy1 ! re/less en]gy1 ( ! ,engli% "* :i* prev5ts our actors f ev] sitt+ or /&+ /ill on ! /age8 ,we are a nation ( travell]s1 ( sailors1 ( bus9ess p2 & all ^! h to keep = ev] mov+4 ,our dances are ! mo/ vigor\s & a?letic ( dances1 !y c>ry u all ov] ! /age1 ) all k9ds ( leap+ & kick+ movem5ts4 ,our music-hall p]=m]s h inv5t$ a k9d ( cl[n+ peculi> to ?is c\ntry1 9 :i* kick+ & leap+ are also a "p ( ! bus9ess4 ,our melodramas are con/ruct$ on m movable planes1 ) m =midable collapses & collisions1 ?an ^? ( any o!r c\ntry4 ,is n1 !n1 ! p]si/5t ,engli% habit ( cross+ /age to "r a national *>act]i/ic1 +ra9$ 9 u1 & n only a matt] ( tra9+8 ,x is ?is reflection :i* h9d]s me f hop+1 ) mu* confid5ce1 t a re=m 9 /age-managem5t w lead to a really quiet] & simpl] way ( act+4 ,b might n ! exp]im5t be tri$8 ,might n "s /age-manag] come =w>d & say3 ,= heav5's sake /& /ill1 my de> ladies & g5tlem51 & see if y _c int]e/ y\r audi5ce )\t mov+ m ?an twice ! l5g? ( y\r own feet8 ,,! ,,speak+ ,,( ,,v]se ,0 !re ev] at any "t an art1 an acquir$ me?od1 ( speak+ v]se1 z def9ite z ! art & me?od ( s++ x8 ,! ,greeks1 x has (t5 be5 ?\ght1 _h su* a me?od1 b we are /ill puzzl+ 9 va9 ov] _! *oruses1 & wond]+ h[ f> !y 7 sung1 h[ f> !y 7 spok54 ,wagn] po9t$ out ! probability t ^! *oruses 7 writt5 to fix$ tunes1 p]haps !mselves ! accompanim5t to dances1 because x c h>dly be believ$ t poems ( s m$itative a k9d c\ld h !mselves giv5 rise to su* elaborate & n app>5tly expressive rhy?ms4 ,9 lat] times !re h be5 /age traditions1 probably develop$ f ! practice ( "s p>ticul> actor1 _m conflict+ traditions2 b1 at ! pres5t day1 !re is n ev5 a def9ite bad me?od1 b m]e *aos1 individual caprice1 9 ! speak+ ( v]se z a fooli% monoton\s tune or z a fooli%ly contort$ species ( prose4 ,an attempt has lately be5 made by ,mr4 ,yeats1 ) ! practical assi/ance ( ,mr4 ,dolmets* & ,miss ,flor5ce ,f>r1 to revive or inv5t an art ( speak+ v]se to a pit* s\nd$ by a musical in/rum5t4 ,mr4 ,dolmets* has made in/rum5ts :i* he calls psalt]ies1 & ,miss ,f>r has h]self le>nt & has taught o!rs1 to *ant v]se1 9 a mann] betwe5 speak+ & s++1 to ! accompanim5t ( ! psalt]y4 ,mr4 ,yeats has writt5 & talk$ & lectur$ on ! subject2 & ! exp]im5t has be5 tri$ 9 ! p]=mances ( ,mr4 ,gilb]t ,murray's translation ( ! ,hippolytus ( ,euripides4 ,"h1 !n1 is ! only def9ite attempt :i* has be5 made 9 our "t to regulate ! spee* ( actors 9 _! speak+ ( v]se4 ,no problem ( ! !atre is m important1 = x is only by ! quality ( ! v]se1 & by ! cle>ness1 beauty1 & expressiv5ess ( its r5d]+1 t a play ( ,%akespe>e is to be di/+ui%$1 :5 we see x on ! /age1 f any o!r melodrama4 ,i see no reason1 says ,lamb1 9 ! pr(\nde/ essay :i* has ev] be5 writt5 on ! act+ ( drama1 to ?9k t if ! play ( ,hamlet 7 writt5 ov] aga9 by "s su* writ] z ,banks or ,lillo1 reta9+ ! process ( ! /ory1 b totally omitt+ all ! poetry ( x1 all ! div9e features ( ,%akespe>e1 8 /up5d\s intellect2 & only tak+ c>e to give u en\gh ( passionate dialogue1 :i* ,banks or ,lillo 7 nev] at a loss to furni%2 ,i see n h[ ! effect c\ld be mu* diff]5t ^u an audi5ce1 nor h[ ! actor has x 9 8 p[] to repres5t ,%akespe>e to u diff]5tly f 8 repres5tation ( ,banks or ,lillo4 ,x is precisely by 8 speak+ ( t poetry1 :i* "o is accu/om$ to he> hurri$ ov] or turn$ into m]e oratory1 t ! actor might1 if he 7 consci\s ( ! necessity ( do+ x1 & prop]ly tra9$ to d x1 br+ be=e ! audi5ce :at is ess5tial 9 ,%akespe>e4 ,"h1 9 ! r5d]+ ( words1 is ! actor's fir/ duty to 8 au?or1 if he is to rememb] t a play is act$1 n = ! exhibition ( ! actor1 b = ! realisation ( ! play4 ,we %\ld ?9k little ( ! dramatic effect ( a symphony1 9 :i* e individual note _h n be5 giv5 its precise value by e in/rum5t 9 ! or*e/ra4 ,:5 d we ev]1 on ! /age1 see ! slighte/ attempt1 on ! "p ( ev5 ! solo play]s1 to give its precise value to e ^w ( t poetry :i* is itself a n less elaborate piece ( conc]t$ music8 ,! two great dang]s 9 ! speak+ ( v]se are ! dang] ( ov]-emphasis+ ! mean+ & ! dang] ( ov]-emphasis+ ! s\nd4 ,i 0 nev] m consci\s ( ! =m] dang] ?an :5 ,i he>d a lecture giv5 9 ,london by ,m4 ,silva91 ( ! ,comdie ,francaise1 on ! art ( speak+ on ! /age4 ,! me?od ( ,m4 ,silva9 7:o1 besides be+ an actor1 is ,pr(essor ( ,declamation at ! ,cons]vatoire7 is ! me?od ( ! elocutioni/1 b ( ! elocutioni/ at 8 be/4 ,he has a l>ge1 r\nd1 vibrat+ voice1 ov] :i* he has p]fect comm&4 ,m4 ,silva91 says ,m4 ,catulle ,m5ds1 e/ de ceux1 bi5 r>es au ,?tre ,franais1 qu'on ent5d mme lorsqu'ils p> l5t bas4 ,he has tra9$ 8 voice to d ev]y?+ t he wants x to d2 8 :ole body is full ( life1 en]gy1 s5sitiv5ess to ! emotion ( e ^w2 8 ge/ures seem to be at once spontane\s & calculat$4 ,he adores v]se1 = its own sake1 z a brilliant executant adores 8 viol92 he has an excell5t contempt = prose1 z an inf]ior =m4 ,9 all 8 r5d]+s ( v]se1 he nev] =got t x 0 at ! same "t spee*1 ! direct expression ( "*1 & also poetry1 a ?+ ) its own reasons = exi/5ce4 ,he gave ,la ,fonta9e 9 "o way1 ,molire 9 ano!r1 ,victor ,hugo 9 ano!r1 "s poor mod]n v]se 9 yet ano!r4 ,b 9 all !re 0 ! same attempt3 to treat v]se 9 ! _s ( rhetoric1 t is to say1 to ov]-emphasise x consi/5tly & = effect4 ,9 a tirade f ,corneille's ,c9na1 he foll[$ ! angry reason+ ( ! l9es by c\nt+ on 8 f+]s3 "o1 two1 ?ree1 z if he 7 und]l9+ ! important words ( ea* clause4 ,! dang] ( ?is me?od is t x is apt to turn poetry into a k9d ( bad logic4 ,!re1 precisely1 is ! dang] ( ! ,fr5* conception ( poetry1 & ,m4 ,silva9's me?od br+s out ! wor/ faults ( t conception4 ,n[ 9 speak+ v]se to musical notes1 z ,mr4 ,yeats w\ld h u d1 we are at lea/ safe f ?is dang]4 ,mr4 ,yeats1 be+ a poet1 kn[s t v]se is fir/ ( all song4 ,9 purely lyrical v]se1 ) :i* he is at pres5t *iefly conc]n$1 ! v]se itself has a melody :i* dem&s expression by ! voice1 n only :5 x is set to music1 b :5 x is said al\d4 ,e poet1 :5 he reads 8 own v]se1 reads x ) c]ta9 inflections ( ! voice1 9 :at is (t5 call$ a s+-song way1 q diff]5t f ! way 9 :i* he w\ld read prose4 ,mo/ poets aim r at giv+ ! musical effect1 & ! atmosph]e1 ! vocal atmosph]e1 ( ! poem1 ?an at emphasis+ individual mean+s4 ,!y give1 9 ! musician's s5se1 a read+ ( ! poem1 an int]pretation ( ! poem z a composition4 ,mr4 ,yeats ?9ks t ?is k9d ( read+ c be /]eotyp$1 s to speak1 ! pit* not$ d[n 9 musical notes1 & reproduc$ ) ! help ( a simple /r+$ in/rum5t4 ,by way ( pro(1 ,miss ,f>r repeat$ "o ( ,mr4 ,yeats' lyrics1 z ne>ly z possible 9 ! way 9 :i* ,mr4 ,yeats himself is accu/om$ to say x4 ,%e took ! pit* f c]ta9 notes :i* %e _h writt5 d[n1 & :i* %e /ruck on ,mr4 ,dolmets*'s psalt]y4 ,n[ ,miss ,f>r has a beautiful voice1 & a g5u9e feel+ = ! beauty ( v]se4 ,%e said ! l9es bett] ?an mo/ p w\ld h said !m1 b1 to be q frank1 did %e say !m s z to produce ! effect ,mr4 ,yeats himself produces :5ev] he repeats ^? l9es8 ,! diff]5ce 0 fundam5tal4 ,! "o 0 a spontane\s ?+1 pr(\ndly felt2 ! o!r1 a delib]ate imitation 9 :i* ! fix+ ( ! notes made any p]sonal int]pretation1 good or bad1 impossible4 ,i admit t ! way 9 :i* mo/ actors speak v]se is s deplorable t !re is mu* to be said = a purely me*anical me?od1 ev5 if x %\ld turn actors into little m ?an human phonographs4 ,_m actors treat v]se z a slightly m /ilt$ k9d ( prose1 & _! ma9 aim 9 say+ x is to conceal f ! audi5ce ! fact t x is n prose4 ,!y ?9k ( no?+ b :at !y take to be ! expression1 & :5 !y come to a passage ( purely lyric quality !y give x z if x 7 a quotation1 hav+ no?+ to d ) ! re/ ( ! spee*4 ,any?+ is bett] ?an ?is haphaz>d way ( misdo+ ?+s1 ei!r ,m4 ,silva9's oratory or ! inton+ into :i* ,mr4 ,yeats' me?od w\ld almo/ c]ta9ly drift4 ,b ,i _c feel t x is possible to d mu* good by a ready-made me?od ( any k9d4 ,let ! actor be taught h[ to brea!1 h[ to articulate1 let 8 voice be tra9$ to express :at he wants to express1 & !n let him be made to feel some?+ ( :at v]se means by be+ v]se4 ,let him1 by all means1 /udy "o ( ,mr4 ,yeats' read+s1 int]pret$ to him by means ( notes2 x w tea* him to unle>n some?+ & to le>n some?+ m4 ,b !n let him =get 8 notes & ,mr4 ,yeats' me?od1 if he is to make v]se live on ! /age4 ,,great ,,act+ ,,9 ,,engli% ,:y is x t we h at ! pres5t mom5t no great act+ 9 ,engl&8 ,we c rememb] x 9 our own "t1 9 ,irv+1 :o 0 a man ( individual g5ius4 ,9 him x 0 ! expression ( a romantic temp]am5t1 really ,corni%1 t is1 ,celtic1 :i* _h be5 cultivat$ l a r>e plant1 9 a ho?\se4 ,irv+ 0 an incomp>able or*id1 a ?+ beautiful1 lonely1 & n q normal4 ,we h "o actress n[ liv+1 an exception to e rule1 9 :om a r>e & w&]+ g5ius comes & goes3 ,i mean1 ( c\rse1 ,mrs4 ,patrick ,campbell4 ,%e en*ants u1 f "t to "t1 ) div9e or magical improvisations4 ,we h actresses :o h _m k9ds ( *>m1 actors :o h _m k9ds ( useful tal5t2 b h we 9 our :ole isl& two actors capable ( giv+ s s]i\s1 s intellig5t1 s c>efully f9i%$1 s vital an int]pretation ( ,%akespe>e1 or1 inde$1 ( r5d]+ any =m ( poetic drama on ! /age1 z ! ,engli%man & ,engli%woman :o came to u 9 #aijg f ,am]ica1 9 ! guise ( ,am]icans3 ,julia ,m>l[e & ,edw>d ,so!rn8 ,! bus9ess ( ! manag]1 :o 9 mo/ cases is also ! *ief actor1 is to produce a conc]t$ action betwe5 8 sep>ate play]s1 z ! conductor does betwe5 ! in/rum5ts 9 8 or*e/ra4 ,if he does n br+ !m entirely "u 8 influ5ce1 if he 7because1 l ! conductor ( a pot-h\se b&1 he himself is ! fir/ fiddle7 does n subord9ate himself z c>efully to ! requirem5ts ( ! composition1 ! result w be wor?less z a :ole1 no matt] :at individual tal5ts may glitt] out ( x4 ,:at %\ld we say if ! fir/ fiddle insi/$ on hav+ a cad5za to himself 9 ! c\rse ( e doz5 b>s ( ! music8 ,:at %\ld we say if he cut ! be/ p>ts ( ! 'cellos1 9 ord] t !y might n add a mell[ness :i* w\ld slightly veil ! acut5ess ( 8 own notes8 ,:at %\ld we say if he re>rang$ ! compos]'s score = ! conv5i5ce ( 8 own or*e/ra8 ,:at %\ld we say if he left out a beautiful passage on ! horn because he _h n got "o ( ! two or ?ree p]fectly accompli%$ horn-play]s 9 ,europe8 ,:at %\ld we say if he alt]$ ! "t ( "o movem5t 9 ord] to make room = ano!r1 9 :i* he w\ld himself be m prom95t8 ,:at %\ld we say if ! conductor ( an or*e/ra committ$ a s+le "o ( ^! crim9al absurdities8 ,! musical public w\ld rise aga9/ him z "o man1 ! p$antic critics & ! "y m5 :o smoke z !y /& on prom5ade floors4 ,& yet ?is1 no?+ m nor less1 is done on ! /age ( ! !atre :5ev] a ,%akespe>e play1 or any s]i\s "w ( dramatic art1 is pres5t$ ) any sort ( public appeal4 ,9 ! case ( music1 =tunately1 some?+ m ?an cu/om =bids3 ! nature ( music =bids4 ,b ! play is at ! m]cy ( ! actor-manag]1 & ! actor-manag] has no m]cy4 ,9 ,engl& a s]i\s play1 above all a poetic play1 is n put on by any b small1 unsuccessful1 m or less private & unpr(essional p ) any sort ( rev]5ce = art1 beauty1 or1 inde$1 = ! laws & conditions ( ! drama :i* is lit]ature z well z drama4 ,p]sonal vanity & ! pecuni>y necessity ( long runs are en\gh 9 !mselves to acc\nt = ! failure ( mo/ attempts to comb9e ,%akespe>e ) %[1 poetry ) ! box-(fice4 ,or is !re 9 our actor-manag]s a lack ( ?is v s5se ( :at is requir$ 9 ! prop] r5d]+ ( imag9ative "w on ! /age8 ,x is 9 ! /ag+ & act+1 ! :ole p]=mance & managem5t1 ( su* typical plays ( ,%akespe>e z ,hamlet1 ,romeo & ,juliet1 & ,twelf? ,night t ,mr4 ,so!rn & ,miss ,m>l[e h %[n ! :ole ext5t ( _! p[]s1 & h read u ! lesson we mo/ ne$$4 ,! mission ( ^! two gue/s has be5 to %[ u :at we h lo/ on our /age & :at we h =gott5 9 our ,%akespe>e4 ,& fir/ ( all ,i w\ld note ! extraord9>y novelty & life :i* !y give to ea* play z a :ole by _! way ( sett+ x 9 action4 ,i h always felt t a play ( ,%akespe>e1 se5 on ! /age1 %\ld give "o ! same k9d ( impression z :5 "o is assi/+ at a solemn music4 ,! rhy?m ( ,%akespe>e's art is n fundam5tally diff]5t f t ( ,bee?ov51 & ,romeo & ,juliet is a suite1 ,hamlet a symphony4 ,to act ei!r ( ^! plays ) :atev] qualities ( ano!r k9d1 & to fail 9 produc+ ?is musical rhy?m f beg9n+ to end1 is to fail 9 ! v f\ndation4 ,"h ! music 0 unflaw$2 !re 7 no digressions1 no ecc5tricities1 no sacrifice to ! actor4 ,?is a/oni%+ ?+ occurr$3 t a play 0 pres5t$ = its own sake1 ) rev]5ce1 n ) o/5tation2 = ,%akespe>e's sake1 n = ! actor-manag]'s4 ,& f ?is intellig5t1 uno/5tati\s way ( giv+ ,%akespe>e !re come to u1 naturally1 _m lessons4 ,until ,i saw ?is p]=mance ( ,romeo & ,juliet ,i ?\ght !re 0 rhetoric 9 ! play1 z well z ! natural poetry ( drama4 ,b ,i see t x only ne$s to be act$ ) g5ius & intellig5ce1 & ! poetry consumes ! rhetoric4 ,i nev] knew be=e t ?is play 0 s ne> to life1 or t e beauty 9 x c\ld be made s inevitably human4 ,& ?is is because no "o else has r5d]$1 ) s deep a tru?1 ) s beautiful a fidelity1 all t is passionate & desp]ate & an ec/atic agony 9 ?is tragic love :i* glorifies & de/roys ,juliet4 ,! decorative ,juliet ( ! /age we "k1 ! lovely picture1 ! +5ue1 ! prattl] ( pretty phrases2 b ?is my/]i\s1 tragic *ild1 :om love has made wise 9 mak+ h] a woman1 is unkn[n to u outside ,%akespe>e1 & p]haps ev5 !re4 ,mr4 ,so!rn's ,romeo has an exquisite passion1 "y & extravagant z a lov]'s1 & is alive4 ,b ,miss ,m>l[e is n only lovely & pa!tic z ,juliet2 %e is ,juliet4 ,i w\ld n say t ,mr4 ,so!rn's ,hamlet is ! only ,hamlet1 = !re are /ill1 no d\bt1 po9ts 9 ,hamlet's s\l unseiz$ by ! ,g]mans yet4 ,yet :at a ,hamlet6 ,h[ maje/ical1 h[ simple1 h[ mu* a poet & a g5tleman6 ,to :at dep? he suff]s6 ,h[ magnific5tly he int]prets1 9 ! crucifixion ( 8 own s\l1 ! ma9 riddles ( ! univ]se6 ,9 ,hamlet1 too1 ,i saw deep] mean+s ?an ,i _h ev] se5 9 ! play :5 x 0 act$4 ,mr4 ,so!rn 0 ! only q sane ,hamlet2 8 madness is all ! out] cov]+s ( wisdom2 !re 0 no?+ fanta/ic 9 8 grave1 subdu$1 p[]ful1 & pite\s repres5tation1 9 :i* no symbol1 no metaphysical ,fau/1 no figm5t ( a ,g]man bra91 loom$ be=e u1 b a man1 m to be piti$ & n less to be hon\r$ ?an any man 9 ,els9ore4 ,i h se5 romantic1 tragic1 exceptional ,hamlets1 ! v bells on ! cap ( ,=tune's fool4 ,b at la/ ,i h se5 ! man himself1 z ,%akespe>e saw him liv+1 a g5tleman1 z well z a philosoph]1 a nature ( fundam5tal s9c]ity2 no melan*oly cl[n1 b ! greate/ ( all critics ( life4 ,& ! play1 ) its melodrama & its lyrical ec/asy1 mov$ be=e "o's eyes l a religi\s s]vice4 ,h[ is x t we get f ! act+ & managem5t ( ^! two actors a result :i* no "o 9 ,engl& has ev] be5 able to get8 ,well1 9 ! fir/ place1 z ,i h said1 !y h ! odd caprice ( pref]r+ ,%akespe>e to !mselves2 ! odd conviction t fidelity to ,%akespe>e w give !m ! be/ *ance ( do+ great ?+s !mselves4 ,no?+ is accid5tal1 ev]y?+ obeys a s+le int5tion2 & :at1 above all1 obeys t int5tion is ! quality ( inspiration1 :i* is nev] abs5t & nev] uncontroll$4 ,int5tion )\t ! p[] ( a*ievem5t is almo/ z lam5table a ?+ z a*ievem5t n direct$ by int5tion4 ,n[ "h are two play]s 9 :om te*nique has be5 c>ri$ to a supreme po9t4 ,!re is no actor on our /age :o c speak ei!r ,engli% or v]se z ^! two ,am]ican actors c4 ,x is on ?is prelim9>y te*nique1 ?is p[] ( us+ spee* z "o uses ! notes ( a musical in/rum5t1 t all possibility ( great act+ dep5ds4 ,:o is !re t c give u1 n ! ext]nal ge/ure1 b ! inn] mean+1 ( "s beautiful & subtle passage 9 ,%akespe>e8 ,"o ( our actors w give x sonor\sly1 z rhetoric1 & ano!r eag]ly1 z passionate spee*1 b no "o ) ! precise acc5t ( a man :o is speak+ 8 ?\ghts1 :i* is :at ,%akespe>e makes 8 *>act]s d :5 he puts 8 lovelie/ poetry into _! m\?s4 ,look at ,mr4 ,so!rn :5 he gives ! soliloquy ,to be or n to be1 :i* we are accu/om$ to he> spok5 to ! public 9 "o or ano!r ( _m rhetorical mann]s4 ,mr4 ,so!rn's ,hamlet curls himself up 9 a *air1 exactly z s5sitive reflective p d :5 !y want to make _! bodies com=table be=e sett+ _! m9ds to "w2 & he lets y ov]he> 8 ?\ghts4 ,e soliloquy ( ,%akespe>e is meant to be ov]he>d1 & j s casually4 ,to r5d] ?is on ! /age requires1 fir/1 an und]/&+ ( :at poetry is2 next1 a p]fect capacity ( produc+ by ! s\nd & intonation ( ! voice ! exact mean+ ( ^? words & cad5ces4 ,:o is !re on our /age :o has completely ma/]$ ^? two fir/ requirem5ts ( act+8 ,no "o n[ act+ 9 ,engli%1 except ,julia ,m>l[e & ,edw>d ,so!rn4 ,:at ^! two play]s d is to give u1 n ! impression :i* we get :5 we see & admire f9e limitations1 b ! impression :i* we get f real p :o1 :5 !y speak 9 v]se1 seem to be speak+ m]ely ! language ( _! own he>ts4 ,!y give u e "* 9 ! r\nd1 :]eas ) our actors we see no m ?an pr(iles4 ,look1 = contra/1 at ! ,malvolio ( ,mr4 ,so!rn4 ,x is an elaborate trave/y1 done 9 a disguise l ! solemn d&y's head ( ,disraeli4 ,he acts ) 8 eyelids1 :i* move :ile all ! re/ ( ! face is motionless2 ) 8 purs$1 retic5t m\?1 ) 8 prim & pomp\s ge/ures2 ) t self-consci\sness :i* br+s all ,malvolio's tr\bles ^u him4 ,x is a fanta/ic1 tragically comic ?+1 done ) r>e calculation1 & x has its =mal1 almo/ cruel %>e 9 ! imm5se gaiety ( ! piece4 ,! play is great & wild1 a mock]y & a happ9ess2 & x is all se5 & n int]pret$1 b ! my/]y ( x deep5$1 9 ! cl[n's song at ! end1 :i*1 = once1 has be5 all[$ its full effect1 n !atrical1 b ( pure imag9ation4 ,s f> ,i h spok5 only ( ^? fir/ requirem5ts1 ^? elem5t>y pr9ciples ( act+1 :i* we ought to be able to take = grant$2 only 9 ,engl&1 we _c4 ,^! once grant$1 ! individual "w ( ! actor beg9s1 8 p[] to create ) ! means at 8 disposal4 ,let u look1 !n1 a little m closely at ,miss ,m>l[e4 ,i h spok5 ( h] ,juliet1 :i* is no d\bt h] f9e/ "p4 ,b n[ look at h] ,ophelia4 ,x is n1 p]haps1 s great a triumph z h] ,juliet1 & m]ely = ! reason t !re is little 9 ,ophelia b an image ( "s beautiful bright ?+ brok54 ,yet ! mad sc5e w be rememb]$ among all o!r r5d]+s = its edg$ lightness1 ! q simple poetry x makes ( madness2 above all1 ! natural pity :i* comes into x f a complete ab&onm5t to :at is ess5ce1 & n m]e decoration1 9 ! spoil$ bra9 ( ?is k9d1 lov+ & w-less woman4 ,%e suff]s1 & is pitifully unaw>e ( x1 !re be=e y1 ! v s\l nak$ & %ameless ) an innoc5ce beyond innoc5ce4 ,%e makes ! rage & t5d]ness ( ,hamlet t[>ds h] a cr$ible ?+4 ,9 ,juliet ,miss ,m>l[e is ripe humanity1 9 ,ophelia t same humanity brok5 d[n f )94 ,z ,viola1 9 ,twelf? ,night %e is ! woman let loose1 to be bewit*+ 9 spite ( h]self2 & "h aga9 h] art is te/$1 & triumphs1 = %e is bewit*+1 & nev] trespasses into jaunt9ess on ! "o h&1 or1 on ! o!r1 into t mod]n s5tim5t :i* ! !atre has accu/om$ itself to "u ! "n ( romance4 ,%e is s]i\s1 ) a calm & ev5 simplicity1 to :i* ev]y?+ is a k9d ( *ild's play1 putt+ no unnecess>y pa?os into a matt] de/9$ to come "r 9 ! end4 ,& s h] delicate & re/ra9$ gaiety 9 masqu]ade int]prets p]fectly1 satisfies e requirem5t1 ( :at = ! mom5t is :imsical 9 ,%akespe>e's art4 ,n[ turn f ,%akespe>e1 & see :at c be done ) ! mod]n make-believe4 ,"h1 9 ,jeanne d',arc1 is a rec5t ,am]ican melodrama1 writt5 ambiti\sly1 9 v]se :i* lab\rs to be poetry4 ,! subject 0 made = ,miss ,m>l[e1 b ! play 0 made = effect1 & x is lam5table to see h]1 9 sc5es made up ( false s5tim5t & !atrical situations1 try+ to d :at %e is ready & able to d2 :at1 inde$1 "s ( ! sc5es give h] ! *ance to be3 ! little peasant girl1 p]plex$ by visions & possess$ by !m1 & also ! peasant sa9t1 too simple to "k t %e is h]oic4 ,out ( a play ( %r$s & pat*es "o rememb]s only some?+ :i* has giv5 x its :ole value3 ! vital image ( a div9e *ild1 a ?+ ( peace & love1 :o makes w> angelically4 ,yet ev5 9 ?is play !re 0 ambition & an aim4 ,turn1 la/ ( all1 to a piece :i* succe$$ ) ,london audi5ces bett] ?an ,%akespe>e1 a burlesque ( ,am]ican orig91 call$ ,:5 ,knigh?ood 0 9 ,fl[]4 ,"h too ,i seem$ to disc]n a lesson = ! ,engli% /age4 ,ev5 ?r\gh ! silly disguises ( ?is inconceivable production1 :i* pleas$ innoc5t ,london z x _h pleas$ indiff]5t ,new ,york1 "o felt a c]ta9 lilt & g1 a t\* ( nature among ! fool's fabric ( ! melodrama1 :i* set ! action f> above our /eady practition]s 9 ! same art ( s9k+4 ,&1 above all1 a s5se ( p>ody pi]c$ ?r\gh words & actions1 comm5t+ wittily on ! nons5se ( romance :i* s _m 7 s will+ to take s]i\sly4 ,%e 0 a live ?+1 defiantly & gaily consci\s ( e absurdity ) :i* %e indulg$ ! babyi% ta/es ( "o m public4 ,an actor or actress :o is limit$ by tal5t1 p]sonality1 or pref]5ce to a s+le k9d ( rle is n prop]ly an arti/ at all4 ,x is ! curse ( success t1 9 any art1 a man :o has pleas$ ! public 9 any s+le ?+ is call$ ^u1 if he w\ld turn x into money1 to repeat x1 z exactly z he c1 z (t5 z he c4 ,if he does s1 he is1 aga91 n an arti/4 ,x is ! bus9ess ( e k9d ( arti/ to be ceaselessly creative1 &1 above all1 n to repeat himself4 ,:5 ,i h se5 ,miss ,m>l[e z ,juliet1 z ,ophelia1 & z ,viola1 ,i am cont5t to h se5 h] also 9 a wor?less f>ce1 because %e %[$ me t %e c\ld g )\t vulg>ity1 lightly1 safely1 ?r\gh a "p t %e despis$3 %e did n spoil x out ( self-respect2 out ( a r>] self-respect %e c>ri$ x ?r\gh )\t capitulat+ to x4 ,!n ,i he> ( h] hav+ done ,lady ,teazle & ,imog51 ! ,fiammetta ( ,catulle ,m5ds & ! ,salome ( ,hauptmann2 ,i d n "k ev5 ! names ( half ! p>ts %e has play$1 b ,i c imag9e h] play+ !m all1 n ) ! same poignancy & success1 b ) a skill h>dly v>y+ f "o to ano!r4 ,!re is no d\bt t %e has a natural g5ius = act+4 ,?is g5ius %e has s c>efully & s subtly tra9$ t x may /rike y at fir/ sight z n be+ g5ius at all2 because x is s mu* on ! level1 because !re are no fits & />ts 9 x2 because1 9 %ort1 x has none ( ! attractiv5ess ( excess4 ,x is by excess t we = ! mo/ "p di/+ui% :at seems to u g5ius2 & x is (t5 by its excess t g5ius fir/ really %[s itself4 ,b ! r>e/ g5ius is )\t excess1 & may seem col\rless 9 8 p]fection1 z ,giorgione seems beside ,titian4 ,b ,giorgione w always be ! great]4 ,i quot$ to an old fri5d & f]v5t admir] ( ,miss ,m>l[e ! words ( ,bacon :i* 7 always on ! lips ( ,poe & ( ,baudelaire1 ab\t ! /rang5ess 9 ! proportions ( all beauty4 ,%e ask$ me1 9 pa9$ surprise1 if ,i saw any?+ /range 9 ,miss ,m>l[e4 ,if ,i _h n1 %e w\ld h meant no?+ = me1 z ! faultily faultless p]son1 ! ,mrs4 ,k5dal1 means no?+ to me4 ,! confusion c easily be made1 & !re w probably always be p :o w pref] ,mrs4 ,k5dal to ,miss ,m>l[e1 z !re are ^? :o w ?9k ,mme4 ,melba a great] op]atic s+] ?an ,mme4 ,calv4 ,:at ,miss ,m>l[e has is a great innoc5ce1 :i* is n1 l ,duse's1 ! innoc5ce ( wisdom1 & a *ildi% & yet wild innoc5ce1 su* z we might f9d 9 a tam$ wild bea/1 9 :om !re w\ld always be a *>m f> beyond t ( ! dome/ic creature :o has gr[n up on our he>?4 ,?is wildness comes to h] p]haps f ,pan1 =ces ( nature t are always some:]e /eal?ily ab\t ! _w1 hidd5 9 ! blood1 unacc\ntable1 unconsci\s2 )\t :i* we are tame *ri/5$ ?+s1 fit = cloi/]s4 ,duse is ! s\l made fle%1 ,rjane ! fle% made ,p>isian1 ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt ! fle% & ! devil2 b ,julia ,m>l[e is ! joy ( life1 ! pl5itude ( sap 9 ! tree4 ,! p]sonal appeal ( ,mr4 ,so!rn & ( ,miss ,m>l[e is v diff]5t4 ,9 8 mann] ( receiv+ applause !re is some?+ almo/ res5tful1 z if1 be+ satisfi$ to d :at he *ooses to d1 & 9 8 own way1 he 7 indiff]5t to ! op9ion ( o!rs4 ,x is n ! actor's attitude2 b :at a relief f ! g5]al subs]vi5ce ( t attitude6 ,9 ,miss ,m>l[e !re is some?+ "y1 w>m1 & engag+1 a way ( giv+ h]self :olly to ! pleasure ( pleas+1 to :i* ! footlights are sc>cely a b>ri]4 ,z if unconsci\sly1 %e fills & gladd5s y ) a s5se ( ! s+le human be+ :om %e is repres5t+4 ,& !re is h] /range beauty1 9 :i* ! m9d & ! s5ses h an equal "p1 & :i* is full ( sav\r & grace1 alive to ! f+]-tips4 ,yet x is n ) ^! p]sonal qualities t ,i am "h *iefly conc]n$4 ,:at ,i want to emphasise is ! p>ticul> k9d ( lesson :i* ?is act+1 s ess5tially ,engli%1 ?\gh x comes to u z if set free by ,am]ica1 %\ld h = all :o are at all s]i\sly consid]+ ! lam5table condition ( our /age 9 ! pres5t day4 ,we h no?+ l x 9 ,engl&1 no?+ on ! same level1 no su* hone/y & capacity ( art1 no su* wor?y results4 ,are we capable ( realis+ ! diff]5ce8 ,if n1 ,julia ,m>l[e & ,edw>d ,so!rn w h come to ,engl& 9 va94 ,a ,,!ory ,,( ,,! ,,/age ,life & beauty are ! body & s\l ( great drama4 ,mix ! two z y w1 s long z bo? are !re1 resolv$ into a s+le sub/ance4 ,b let !re be1 9 ! mak+1 two +r$i5ts1 & :ile "o is poetry1 & comes br++ beauty1 ! o!r is a viol5t ?+ :i* has be5 scornfully call$ melodrama1 & is ! emphasis ( action4 ,! greate/ plays are melodrama by _! skeleton1 & poetry by ! fle% :i* clo!s t skeleton4 ,! f\ndation ( drama is t "p ( ! action :i* c be repres5t$ 9 dumb %[4 ,only ! ess5tial p>ts ( action c be repres5t$ )\t words1 & y w\ld set ! puppets va9ly to "w on any mat]ial b t :i* is common to humanity4 ,! p]man5ce ( a drama might be te/$ by ! cont9uance & univ]sality ( its appeal :5 play$ sil5tly 9 ge/ures4 ,i h se5 ! te/ appli$4 ,companies ( m>ionette play]s /ill g ab\t ! villages ( ,k5t1 & among _! /ock pieces is ,ard5 ( ,fev]%am1 ! play :i* ,%akespe>e is n too great to h writt51 at "s mom5t :5 8 "r h& knew n :at 8 left h& 0 do+4 ,well1 t great little play c hold ! eyes ( e *ild & villag]1 z ! puppets enact x2 & its p[] has n gone out ( x aft] ?ree c5turies4 ,dumb %[ apes ! primal =ces ( nature1 & is in>ticulate1 z !y are2 until relief gives words4 ,:5 words come1 !re is no reason :y !y %\ld n be 9 v]se1 = only 9 v]se c we r5d] :at is deepe/ 9 humanity ( ! utmo/ beauty4 ,no?+ b beauty %\ld exi/ on ! /age4 ,visible beauty comes ) ! ballet1 an ab/ract ?+2 ge/ure adds pantomime1 ) :i* drama beg9s2 & !n words br+ 9 ! spee* by :i* life tries to tell its secret4 ,because poetry1 speak+ its natural language ( v]se1 c let out m ( t secret ?an prose1 ! great drama ( ! pa/ has be5 ma9ly drama 9 v]se4 ,! mod]n desire to escape f =m1 & to get at a raw ?+ :i* %all seem l :at we "k ( ! outside ( nature1 has l$ our late/ dramati/s to use prose 9 pref]5ce to v]se1 :i* inde$ is m )9 _! limits4 ,x is ,ibs5 :o has seem$ to d mo/ to ju/ify ! use ( prose1 = he c>ries 8 psy*ology f> ) x4 ,yet x rema9s prose1 a mean] me?od1 a limit+ re/ra9t1 & 8 drama a ?+ less fundam5tal ?an ! drama ( ! poets4 ,only "o mod]n writ] has br\ght some?+ :i* is almo/ ! equival5t ( poetry out ( prose spee*3 ,tol/oi1 9 ,! ,p[]s ( ,d>kness4 ,! play is horrible & unc\?1 b x is illum9at$ by a great inn] light4 ,!re is n a beautiful ^w 9 x1 b x is fill$ ) beauty4 ,& t is because ,tol/oi has ! vision :i* may be equally t ( ! poet & ( ! prophet4 ,x is (t5 said t ! age ( poetry is ov]1 & t ! great =ms ( ! future mu/ be 9 prose4 ,t is ! exquisite reason ( ^? :om ! gods h n made poetical4 ,x is l say+ t !re w be no m music1 or t love is out ( date4 ,=ms *ange1 b n ess5ce2 & ,:itman po9ts ! way1 n to prose1 b to a poetry :i* %all take 9 wid] regions ( ! m9d4 ,yet1 ?\gh x is by its poetry t1 z ,lamb po9t$ out1 a play ( ,%akespe>e diff]s f a play ( ,banks or ,lillo1 ! poetry is n m ess5tial to its mak+ ?an ! liv+ sub/ance1 ! melodrama4 ,poets :o h writt5 plays = read+ h wa/$ _! be/ opportunities4 ,:y we> *a9s = danc+8 ,! limitations necess>y to ! drama be=e x c be fitt$ to ! /age are b h9drances & disabilities to ! writ] ( a book4 ,:]e c we f9d m spilt weal? ?an 9 ! plays ( ,sw9burne1 :]e all ! magnific5t spee* builds up no /ructure1 b wav]s 9 or*e/ral floods1 )\t beg9n+ or end+8 ,x has be5 said t ,%akespe>e w sacrifice 8 drama to 8 poetry1 & ev5 ,hamlet has be5 quot$ aga9/ him4 ,b let ,hamlet be rightly act$1 & :atev] has seem$ m]e l+]+ m$itation w be recognis$ z a "p ( t ?\ght :i* makes or waits on action4 ,if poetry 9 ,%akespe>e may sometimes seem to delay action1 x does b deep5 x4 ,! poetry is ! life blood1 or runs ?r\gh x4 ,only bad actors & manag]s ?9k t by /ripp+ ! fle% f ! skeleton !y c %[ u a m liv+ body4 ,! outl9es ( ,hamlet are crude1 irresi/ible melodrama1 /ill irresi/ible to ! gall]y2 & ! greatness ( ! play1 ?\gh x comes to u by means ( ! poetry1 comes to u legitimately1 z a gr[? out ( melodrama4 ,! failure1 ! comp>ative failure1 ( e contempor>y dramati/1 h[ev] f> he may g 9 "o direction or ano!r1 comes f 8 neglect ( "o or ano!r ( ^! two prim>y & ess5tial requirem5ts4 ,!re is1 at ?is "t1 a m s]i\s dramatic movem5t 9 ,g]many ?an 9 any o!r c\ntry2 ) me*anicians1 l ,sud]mann1 z accompli%$ z ! be/ ( ours1 & dramati/s :o are also poets1 l ,hauptmann4 ,i d n "k !m well en\gh to br+ !m into my argum5t1 b ,i c see t 9 ,g]many1 :atev] ! actual result1 ! endeav\r is 9 ! "r direction4 ,else:]e1 h[ (t5 d we f9d ev5 s mu* z ?is1 9 m ?an a s+le writ] "h & !re8 ,consid] ,ibs51 :o is ! subtle/ ma/] ( ! /age s9ce ,sophocles4 ,at 8 be/ he has a firm hold on /ructural melodrama1 he is a m>vell\s analy/ ( life1 he is ! mo/ +5i\s ( all ! playwrights2 b ask him = beauty & he w give y a phrase1 v9e-leaves 9 ! hair or its equival5t2 "o ( ! cli*s ( ! m9or poet4 ,9 ! end beauty rev5g$ itself ^u him by br++ him to a no-man's l& :]e !re 7 cl\ds & phantasms t he c\ld no long] direct4 ,maet]l9ck began by a m>vell\s in/9ct1 ) plays = m>ionettes1 &1 hav+ discov]$ a =gott5 secret1 grew tir$ ( limit+ himself )9 its n>r[ circle1 & came outside 8 magic4 ,monna ,vanna is an attempt to be broadly human on ! "p ( a man ^: gift is ( ano!r k9d3 a vision>y ( ! moods4 ,8 lat] spee*1 l 8 lat] dramatic mat]ial1 is dilut$2 he becomes1 9 ! conv5tional s5se1 eloqu5t1 :i* poetry nev] is4 ,b he has br\ght back my/]y to ! /age1 :i* has be5 bani%$1 or reta9$ 9 exile1 among phantasmagoric ,fau/-lights4 ,! dramati/ ( ! future w h m to le>n f ,maet]l9ck ?an f any o!r playwright ( our "t4 ,he has se5 8 puppets aga9/ ! p]man5t d>kness1 :i* we _h cloak$ ) light2 he has giv5 !m supreme sil5ces4 ,9 d',annunzio we h an art p>tly %ap$ by ,maet]l9ck1 9 :i* all is atmosph]e1 & a home = s5sations :i* nev] become vital passions4 ,! roses 9 ! s>cophagus are "p ( ! action 9 ,francesca1 & 9 ,! ,dead ,city ! :ole action arises out ( ! glori\s mis*ief hidd5 l a deadly fume 9 ! grave ( ,agamemnon4 ,spee* & drama are !re1 clo?+ b n reveal+ "o ano!r2 ! spee* always a lovely veil1 nev] a human outl9e4 ,we h 9 ,engl& "o man1 & "o only1 :o has "s public claim to be nam$ ) ^! arti/s1 ?\gh 8 aim is ! negation ( art4 ,mr4 ,%aw is a m9d )\t a body1 a :imsical intellig5ce )\t a s\l4 ,he is "o ( ^? tragic buffoons :o play ) et]nal ?+s1 n only = ! amusem5t ( ! cr[d1 b because an uneasy devil cap]s 9 _! own bra9s4 ,he is a m]ry prea*]1 a petulant critic1 a great talk]4 ,x is p>tly because he is an ,iri%man t he has transplant$ ! art ( talk+ to ! soil ( ! /age3 ,%]idan1 ,wilde1 ,%aw1 our only mod]n com$ians1 all ,iri%m51 all talk]s4 ,x is by 8 a/oni%+ skill ( say+ ev]y?+ t comes into 8 head1 ) a _s really intoxicat+1 t ,mr4 ,%aw has succe$$ 9 hold+ ! /age ) undramatic plays1 9 :i* !re is nei!r life nor beauty4 ,life gives up its wisdom only to rev]5ce1 & beauty is jeal\s ( neglect$ alt>s4 ,b ^? :o amuse ! _w1 no matt] by :at means1 h _! place 9 ! _w at any giv5 mom5t4 ,mr4 ,%aw is a clock /rik+ ! h\r4 ,) ,mr4 ,%aw we come to ! play :i* is prose1 & no?+ b prose4 ,! =m is famili> among u1 ?\gh x is cultivat$ ) a m in/9ctive skill1 z is natural1 9 ,france4 ,!re 0 a "t1 n s long ago1 :5 ,dumas fils 0 to ,france :at ,ibs5 aft]w>ds became to ,europe4 ,:at rema9s ( him n[ is h>dly m ?an 8 fir/ fond adv5ture ! supremely playable ,dame aux ,camlias4 ,! o!r plays are already out ( date1 s9ce ,ibs52 ! philosophy ( ,tue-l6 0 ! special plead+ ( ! mom5t1 & a drama 9 :i* special plead+1 & n ! fundam5tal criticism ( life1 is ! dramatic motive c nev] outla/ its te*nique1 :i* has also di$ ) ! com+ ( ,ibs54 ,bett] te*nique1 p]haps1 ?an t ( ,la ,femme de ,claude1 b ) less r ?an m weight ( ?\ght beh9d x1 is to be f\nd 9 _m accompli%$ playwrights1 :o are do+ all sorts ( int]e/+ tempor>y ?+s1 excell5tly made to ent]ta9 ! att5tive ,fr5* public ) a solid k9d ( ent]ta9m5t4 ,"h1 9 ,engl&1 we h no su* folk to comm&2 our clev]e/ playwrights1 ap>t f ,mr4 ,%aw1 are :at we might call practition]s4 ,!re is ,mr4 ,p9]o1 ,mr4 ,jones1 ,mr4 ,grundy3 :at names are bett] kn[n1 or less to be associat$ ) lit]ature8 ,!re is ,an?ony ,hope1 :o c write1 & ,mr4 ,b>rie :o has some?+ bo? human & hum\r\s4 ,!re are _m m names1 if ,i c\ld rememb] !m2 b :]e is ! s]i\s playwright8 ,:o is !re t c be comp>$ ) our poets or our noveli/s1 n only ) a ,sw9burne or a ,m]$i?1 b1 9 a y\ng] g5]ation1 ) a ,bridges or a ,conrad8 ,! ,c\rt ,!atre has giv5 u "o or two good reali/ic plays1 ! be/ be+ ,mr4 ,granville ,b>k]'s1 besides giv+ ,mr4 ,%aw 8 *ance 9 ,engl&1 aft] he _h _h & tak5 x 9 ,am]ica4 ,b is !re1 any:]e b 9 ,irel&1 an attempt to write imag9ative lit]ature 9 ! =m ( drama8 ,! ,iri% ,lit]>y ,!atre has already1 9 ,mr4 ,yeats & ,mr4 ,synge1 two notable writ]s1 ea* :olly individual1 "o a poet 9 v]se1 ! o!r a poet 9 prose4 ,nei!r has yet rea*$ ! public1 9 any effectual way1 or p]haps ! limits ( 8 own p[]s z a dramati/4 ,yet :o else is !re = u to hope 91 if we are to h once m an art ( ! /age1 bas$ on ! great pr9ciples1 & a !atre 9 :i* t art c be act$8 ,! :ole univ]se lies op5 to ! poet :o is also a dramati/1 af=d+ him an incomp>able *oice ( subject4 ,ibs51 ! greate/ ( ! playwrights ( mod]n life1 n>r[$ 8 /age1 = +5i\s plausible reasons ( 8 own1 to ! f\r walls ( a h\se1 &1 at 8 be/1 con/ra9$ 8 p to talk ( no?+ above _! daily occupations4 ,he got ! illusion ( ev]yday life1 b at a cruel exp5se4 ,^! p1 until !y began to turn crazy1 _h no vision beyond _! eyesight1 & _! ?\ghts nev] w5t deep en\gh to ne$ a bett] =m = expression ?an !y c\ld f9d 9 _! newspap]s4 ,!y discuss$ immortal problems z !y w\ld h discuss$ ! entries 9 _! l$g]4 ,?9k = a mom5t h[ ! peasants speak 9 t play ( ,tol/oi's :i* ,i h call$ ! only mod]n play 9 prose :i* conta9s poetry4 ,!y speak z ,russians speak1 ) a c]ta9 *ildi%ness1 9 :i* !y are m primitive ?an our m civilis$ peasants4 ,b ! spee* comes f deep] ?an !y are aw>e1 x /umbles into a revelation ( ! s\l4 ,a drunk5 man 9 ,tol/oi has m wisdom 9 8 cups ?an all ,ibs5's /range ladies :o fumble at _! lips = sea-magic4 ,& z ,tol/oi f\nd 9 ?is sordid *aos mat]ial = trag$y :i* is z noble z ! ,greeks' 7a l horror at ! root ( bo?1 a l radiance at bo? summits71 s ! poet w f9d /ories1 z mod]n z ?is if he *ooses1 f :i* he c take ! same +r$i5ts = 8 art4 ,! +r$i5ts are un*ang+ s9ce ,prome!us2 no human agony has ev] gr[n old or lo/ its pity & t]ror4 ,! great plays ( ! pa/ 7 made out ( great /ories1 & ! great /ories are repeat$ 9 our days & c be he>d :]ev] an old man tells u a little ( :at has come to him 9 liv+4 ,v]se l5ds itself to ! lift+ & adequate treatm5t ( ! prim>y emotions1 because x c r5d] !m m z !y are 9 ! s\l1 n be+ ti$ d[n to probable words1 z prose talk is4 ,! probable words ( prose talk c only r5d] a "p ( :at goes on among ! obscure imag]ies ( ! inn] life2 = :o1 9 a mom5t ( crisis1 responds to circum/ances or de/9y ) an adequate answ]8 ,poetry1 :i* is spok5 ?\ght1 or ! spee* ( some?+ deep] ?an ?\ght1 may let loose "s "p ( t answ] :i* w\ld ju/ify ! s\l1 if x did n lie dumb ^u its lips4 ,,! ,,sicilian ,,actors ,i ,i h be5 see+ ! ,sicilian actors 9 ,london4 ,!y came "h f ,p>is1 :]e1 ,i read1 la passion p>at dcidem5t1 to a dramatic critic1 avoir p>t\t ses inconv5i5ts1 especially on ! /age4 ,we are suppos$ to ?9k s "h1 b = once ,london has applaud$ an act+ :i* is m primitively passionate ?an any?+ we are accu/om$ to on our mod]ate /age4 ,"s ( x 0 spok5 9 ,italian1 "s 9 ! ,sicilian dialect1 & n _m 9 ! ,engli% "p ( ! audi5ce c\ld foll[ v closely ! words z !y 7 spok54 ,yet s m>vell\sly real 7 ^! /age peasants1 s cle> & poignant _! ge/ures & actions1 t words seem$ a h>dly ne$less accompanim5t to s evid5t1 excit+1 & absorb+ a =m ( drama4 ,x 0 a new intoxication1 & p w5t1 ,i am afraid1 z to a wild-bea/ %[4 ,x 0 really no?+ ( ! k9d1 ?\gh ! melodrama 0 (t5 v crude2 sometimes1 9 a simple way1 horrible4 ,b x 0 a fi]ce liv+ ?+1 a life unkn[n to u 9 ! ,nor?2 x sm\ld]$ l ! volcanoes ( ! ,s\?4 ,& s we 7 see+ a new ?+ on ! /age1 r5d]$ by actors :o seem$1 = ! mo/ "p1 sc>cely actors at all1 b ! real peasants2 &1 above all1 !re 0 a woman ( g5ius1 ! lead] ( ! company1 :o 0 mu* m real ?an reality4 ,mimi ,aguglia has /udi$ ,duse1 = h] tones1 = "s ( h] attitudes2 h] art is m ne>ly ! art ( ,rjane4 ,:ile bo? ( ^! are great arti/s1 %e is an improvis]1 a creature ( wild moods1 ( animal en]gies1 uncontroll$1 spontane\s4 ,%e cat*es y 9 a fi]ce c>ess1 l a tig]-cat4 ,%e gives y1 z 9 ,malia1 ! :ole animal1 sn>l+1 /rik+1 suff]+1 all ! pangs ( ! fle%1 ! emotions ( fe> & hate1 b = ! mo/ "p no m4 ,9 ,la ,folfaa %e c be piquant1 pass+ f ! naughty girl ( ! fir/ act1 ) h] delici\s airs & ang]s1 h] tricks1 gambols1 petulances1 to ! s\r$ wife ( ! second1 9 :om a k9d ( bad blood comes out1 turn+ h] to trea*]ies ( m]e spite1 until h] husb& ?ru/s h] brutally out ( ! h\se1 :]e1 if %e w1 %e may foll[ h] lov]4 ,"h1 :]e !re is no pr(\nd passion b mean qu>rels among mis]able work]s 9 salt-m9es1 %e is a noticeable figure1 /&+ out f ! o!rs1 & sett+ h] prim1 s\brette figure 9 motion ) a g5u9e art1 q p]sonal to h]4 ,b to see h] aft] ! ,santuzza ( ,duse1 9 ,v]ga's ,cavall]ia ,ru/icana1 is to realise ! diff]5ce betwe5 ?is art ( ! animal & ,duse's art ( ! s\l4 ,& if "o ?9ks ( ,rjane's ,sapho1 ! diff]5ce is h>dly less1 ?\gh ( ano!r k9d4 ,i saw ,duse = ! fir/ "t 9 ! "p ( ,santuzza1 & ,i rememb] to ?is day a c]ta9 g5tle & pa!tic ge/ure ( h] app>5tly unconsci\s h&1 turn+ back ! sleeve ( h] lov]'s coat ov] 8 wri/1 :ile h] eyes fa/5 on 8 eyes 9 a great ?ir/ = :at is to be f\nd 9 !m4 ,! ,santuzza ( ,mimi ,aguglia is a /++ ?+ t bites :5 x is /epp$ on4 ,!re is no love 9 h] he>t1 only love ( possession1 jeal\sy1 an unreasonable hate2 & %e is n truly pa!tic or tragic 9 h] furi\s wre/le ) h] lov] on ! *ur* /eps or 9 h] plot aga9/ him :i* s5ds an unanticipat$ knife into 8 he>t4 ,yet1 9 ! ,mila di ,codra ( d',annunzio's ,figlia di ,jorio %e has mom5ts ( absolute greatness4 ,h] fe> 9 ! cave1 be=e ,laz>o di ,roio1 is ! mo/ gha/ly & accurate r5d]+ ( t s5sation t1 ,i am sure1 has be5 se5 on any /age4 ,%e fl+s h]self upright aga9/ a frame ( wood on :i* ! woodc>v] has left 8 tools1 & z "o new %udd] aft] ano!r sets h] body visibly quak+1 "s ( ! tools drop on ! floor1 ) an a/oni%+ effect on ! n]ves4 ,h] face contracts into a />+1 hopeless grimace1 z if ab\t to utt] %rieks :i* _c get pa/ h] lips4 ,%e %iv]s sl[ly d[nw>ds until %e s9ks on h] rigid heels & clasps h] knees ) bo? arms4 ,!re1 9 ! corn]1 %e waits 9 tw5ty sev]al angui%es1 :ile ! f\l old man tempts h]1 crawl+ l a worm1 ne>] & ne>] to h] on ! gr\nd1 ) ge/ures ( appeal t %e repels "t aft] "t1 ) "s %udd] aside ( h] cr\*$ body1 hopp+ z if on all f\rs clos] into ! corn]4 ,! sc5e is t]rible 9 its sc>cely ?9kable di/ress1 b x is n horrible1 z "s w\ld h x to be4 ,"h1 ) h] means1 ?is actress creates2 x is no mean copy ( reality1 b fe> br\ght to a k9d ( greatness1 s completely has ! :ole be+ pass$ into its possession4 ,& !re is ano!r sc5e 9 :i* %e is absolute 9 a nobl] cata/rophe4 ,9 h] la/ cry be=e %e is dragg$ to ! /ake1 ,la fiamma e bella6 la fiamma e bella6 d',annunzio1 ,i h no d\bt1 meant no m ?an ! obvi\s rhetoric suit$ to a situation ( h]oism4 ,out ( 8 rhetoric ?is woman has creat$ ! horror & beauty ( a supreme irony ( angui%4 ,%e has giv5 up h] life = h] lov]1 he has d5i$ & curs$ h] 9 ! oblivion ( ! draught t %\ld h be5 8 dea?-dr9k1 h] h&s h be5 clasp$ ) ! wood5 fett]s tak5 (f f 8 h&s1 & h] face cov]$ ) ! d>k veil he _h worn1 & ! vile h[l+ cr[d draws h] backw>d t[>ds h] m>tyrdom4 ,ornella has salut$ h] si/] 9 ,*ri/2 %e1 ! "o :o kn[s ! tru?1 sil5t1 help+ h] to die nobly4 ,& n[ ! woman1 hav+ will$ beyond ! p[] ( mortal fle% to endure an angui% t n[ flames be=e h] 9 its supreme reality1 /ra9s 9 ! irrationality ( utt] fe> backw>d into ! mid/ ( ^? clut*+ h&s t are hold+ h] up 9 ! attitude ( h] dea?1 &1 ) a %iv] 9 :i* ! s\l1 succumb+ to ! body1 wr+s its la/ triumph out ( an ignom9i\s glory1 %e cries1 %riek+1 feel+ ! flames et]nally ^u h]3 ,la fiamma e bella6 la fiamma e bella6 & !reat all evil seems to h be5 judg$ sudd5ly1 & oblit]at$1 z if ,god _h laugh$ once1 & wip$ out ! _w4 ,,ii ,s9ce ,*>les ,lamb's essay ,on ! ,trag$ies ( ,%akespe>e1 consid]$ ) ref]5ce to _! fitness = /age repres5tation1 !re has be5 a great deal ( argum5t z to :e!r ! beauty ( words1 especially 9 v]se1 is necess>ily lo/ on ! /age1 & :e!r a well-con/ruct$ play _c exi/ by itself1 ei!r 9 dumb %[ or ) words 9 a =eign language1 :i* we may n und]/&4 ,! act+1 by ! ,sicilian actors1 ( ,la ,figlia di ,jorio1 seem$ to me to d some?+ t[>ds ! solution ( "p at lea/ ( ?is problem4 ,! play1 z "o reads x1 has p]haps less ?an usual ( ! beauty :i* d',annunzio elaborates 9 8 dramatic spee*4 ,x is1 on ! o!r h&1 clos] to nature1 c>efully copi$ f ! spee* ( ! peasants ( ! ,abruzzi1 & f :at rema9s ( _! folk-lore4 ,! /ory on :i* x is f\nd$ is a /rik+ "o1 & ! action has1 ev5 9 read+1 ! effect ( a melodrama4 ,n[ see x on ! /age1 act$ ) ! spe$ & fury ( ^! actors4 ,imag9e oneself ignorant ( ! language & ( ! play4 ,sudd5ly ! words h become unnecess>y2 ! b>e outl9es /& out1 p]fectly explicit 9 ge/ure & motion2 ! sc5e passes be=e y z if y 7 wat*+ x 9 real life2 & ?is primitively passionate act+1 work+ on an action s cunn+ly contriv$ = its co-op]ation1 gives u at la/ :at ! play1 z we read x1 _h sugge/$ to u1 b )\t complete conviction4 ,! beauty ( ! spee* _h become a second>y matt]1 or1 if we did n und]/& x1 ! desire to "k :at 0 be+ said3 ! playwright & 8 play]s _h eclips$ ! poet1 ! visible action _h put out ! calculat$ cad5ces ( ! v]se4 ,& ! play1 f ! po9t ( view ( ! /age1 _h fulfill$ e requirem5t1 _h a*iev$ its aim4 ,& /ill ! "q rema9s3 h[ mu* ( ?is success is due to ! playwright's skill or to ! skill ( ! actors8 ,h[ is x t 9 ?is play ! actors obta9 a f9e result1 act on a high] level1 ?an 9 _! reali/ic ,sicilian trag$ies8 ,d',annunzio is no d\bt a bett] writ] ?an ,capuana or ,v]ga1 & 8 play is f9] z lit]ature ?an ,cavall]ia ,ru/icana or ,malia4 ,b is x great poetry or great drama1 & has ! skilful playwright ne$ ( ! /age & ( actors l ^!1 :o come ) _! own life & ways ^u x1 9 ord] to br+ ! m5 & wom5 ( 8 pages to life8 ,c x be said ( him t he has fulfill$ ! great condition ( poetic drama1 t1 z ,col]idge said1 dramatic poetry mu/ be poetry hid 9 ?\ght & passion--n ?\ght or passion disguis$ 9 ! dress ( poetry8 ,t is a "q :i* ,i am n "h conc]n$ to answ]4 ,p]haps ,i h already answ]$ x4 ,p]haps ,lamb _h answ]$ x :5 he said1 ( a p]=mance ( ,%akespe>e 9 :i* !re 7 two great actors1 t x seem$ to embody & realise conceptions :i* _h hi!rto assum$ no di/9ct %ape1 b t1 :5 ! novelty is pa/1 we f9d to our co/ t in/ead ( realis+ an idea1 we h only mat]ialis$ & br\ght d[n a f9e vision to ! /&>d ( fle% & blood4 ,if t is true ( ,%akespe>e1 ! greate/ ( dramatic poets1 h[ f> is x f ! impression :i* ,i h describ$ 9 speak+ ( d',annunzio4 ,:at f9e vision 0 !re to br+ d[n8 :at poetry hid 9 ?\ght or passion 0 lo/ to u 9 its passage across ! /age8 ,& n[ let u consid] ! play 9 :i* ^! actors h f\nd _! f9e/ opportunity = ab&on+ !mselves to ^? in/9cts out ( :i* !y h made _! art4 ,malia1 a ,sicilian play ( ,capuana1 is an exhibition ( ! wit*craft ( desire1 & x is ju/ifi$ aga9/ all accusation by t ?rill ) :i* some?+ 9 u responds to x1 admitt+3 ,?is is ,i1 myself1 s x has be5 giv5 to me to s9 & to suff]4 ,& s1 if we ?9k deeply en\gh we %all f9d1 9 ^! s9n+1 suff]+1 insatiable be+s1 :o pres5t !mselves z if nak$ be=e u1 ! image ( our own s\ls1 visible = once1 & una%am$1 9 ! mirror ( ^! bodies4 ,x is we1 :o %udd] be=e !m1 & maybe laugh at ! extravagance ( _! ge/ures1 x is ourselves :om !y are %[+ to u1 caught unaw>es & set 9 symbolical action4 ,let n ! base ^w realism be us$ = ?is spontane\s en]gy by :i* we are %[n ! deva/at+ inn] =ces1 by :i* nature creates & de/roys u4 ,"h is "o "p ( life1 ! s\rce ( its exi/5ce3 & "h x is %[n u crude z nature1 absolute z art4 ,?is new1 liv+ art ( ! body1 :i* we see /ruggl+ 9 ! clay ( ,rod91 conc5trates itself = once 9 ?is woman :o expresses1 )\t retic5ce & )\t (f5ce1 all t ! poets h ev] said ( ! supreme wit*craft1 animal desire1 )\t passion1 c>nal1 its own self-dev\r+ agony4 ,art has = once ju/ifi$ itself by be+ m]e nature4 ,&1 "h aga91 ?is play is no ma/]piece 9 itself1 only ! occasion = a ma/]piece ( act+4 ,! :ole company1 ,sig4 ,grasso & ! o!rs1 act$ ) p]fect unanimity1 s+ly & 9 cr[ds4 ,:at /age-cr[d ( a hundr$ drill$ & dumpi% p1 z we see x at our big !atres1 has ev] giv5 u t s5se ( a real1 surg+ cr[d z ! doz5 or s sup]s 9 t la/ /ruggle :i* ends ! play8 ,b ! play really exi/$ = ,aguglia1 & 0 made by h]4 ,rjane has done great] ?+s 9 h] own way1 9 h] own way %e is a great] arti/4 ,b n ev5 ,rjane has giv5 u ! :ole animal1 9 its self-m>tyrdom1 z ?is woman has giv5 x to u4 ,su* k & comm& ( ! body1 & s frank an ab&onm5t to its in/9ctive motions1 has nev] be5 se5 on our /age1 n ev5 9 ,sada ,yacco & ! ,japanese4 ,!y c\ld outdo ,s>ah 9 a dea?-sc5e1 b n ,aguglia 9 ! sc5e 9 :i* %e betrays h] secret4 ,done by anyone else1 x w\ld h be5 an imitation ( a woman 9 hy/]ics1 a ?+ mean+less & disgu/+4 ,done by h]1 x 0 ! visible conte/ betwe5 w & desire1 a battle1 a %ipwreck1 9 :i* y wat* helplessly f ! %ore e plank z ! sea te>s if (f & swall[s x4 ,i feel z if ,i _h di$1 said ! fri5d :o 0 ) me 9 ! !atre1 speak+ out ( an uncontrollable sympa?y2 di$ ) ! woman1 %e meant1 or 9 ! woman's place4 ,our critics "h h = ! mo/ "p se5 fit1 l ! ,fr5* critic :om ,i quot$ at ! beg9n+1 to qualify _! natural admiration by a hesitat+ consci\sness t la passion p>at decidem5t avoir p>t\t ses inconv5i5ts4 ,b ! critic :o sets himself aga9/ a magnetic curr5t c d no m ?an accept ! %ock :i* has ca/ him g5tly aside4 ,all art is magnetism4 ,! greate/ art is a magnetism ?r\gh :i* ! s\l rea*es ! s\l4 ,!re is ano!r1 t]rible1 au!ntic art ?r\gh :i* ! body communicates its ?rill+ secrets4 ,& aga9/ all ^! curr5ts !re is no b>ri] & no appeal4 ,,music ,,on ,,writ+ ,,ab\t ,,music ,! reason :y music is s mu* m difficult to write ab\t ?an any o!r art1 is because music is ! "o absolutely disembodi$ art1 :5 x is he>d1 & no m ?an a proposition ( ,euclid1 :5 x is writt54 ,x is :olly useless1 to ! /ud5t no less ?an to ! g5]al read]1 to write ab\t music 9 ! /yle ( ! programmes = :i* we pay sixp5ce at ! conc]ts4 ,repeat$ by flute & oboe1 ) accompanim5t = cl>ionet 79 triplets7 & /r+s pizzicato1 & !n work$ up by ! full or*e/ra1 ?is melody is ev5tually allott$ to ! 'cellos1 its accompanim5t n[ tak+ ! =m ( *romatic passages1 & s =?4 ,n less useless is x to write a rhapsody :i* has no?+ to d ) ! notes1 & to pres5t ?is z an int]pretation ( :at ! notes h said 9 an unkn[n language4 ,yet :at me?od is !re besides ^! two me?ods8 ,none1 inde$1 t c ev] be :olly satisfactory2 at ! be/1 no m ?an a compromise4 ,9 writ+ ab\t poetry1 :ile precisely t quality :i* makes x poetry mu/ always evade expression1 !re yet rema9 ! :ole def9ite mean+ ( ! words1 & ! :ole easily explicable te*nique ( ! v]se1 :i* c be made cle> to e read]4 ,9 pa9t+1 y h ! subject ( ! picture1 & y h ! col\r1 h&l+1 & ! l1 :i* c be express$ h>dly less precisely 9 words4 ,b music has no subject1 outside itself2 no mean+1 outside its mean+ z music2 &1 to und]/& any?+ ( :at is meant by its te*nique1 a c]ta9 def9ite te*nical k is necess>y 9 ! read]4 ,:at subt]fuges are requir$1 9 ord] to give ! vague/ sugge/ion ( :at a piece ( music is l1 & h[ little has be5 said1 aft] all1 beyond g5]alisations1 :i* w\ld apply equally to half a doz5 diff]5t pieces6 ,! compos] himself1 if y ask him1 w tell y t y may be q correct 9 :at y say1 b t he has no op9ion 9 ! matt]4 ,music has inde$ a language1 b x is a language 9 :i* birds & o!r angels may talk1 b out ( :i* we _c translate _! mean+4 ,emotion itself1 h[ *ang$ becomes ev5 emotion :5 we transport x into a new _w1 9 :i* only s\nd has feel+6 ,b ,i am speak+ z if x _h di$ & be5 re-born !re1 :]eas x 0 born 9 its own region1 & is :olly ignorant ( ours4 ,,te*nique ,,& ,,! ,,arti/ ,te*nique & ! arti/3 t is a "q1 ( int]e/ to ! /ud5t ( e art1 :i* 0 br\ght home to me ) unusual emphasis ! o!r aft]noon1 z ,i sat 9 ! ,que5's ,hall1 & li/5$ to ,ysaye & ,busoni4 ,are we always q c]ta9 :at we mean :5 we speak ( an arti/8 ,h we q realis$ 9 our own m9ds ! ext5t to :i* te*nique mu/ g to ! mak+ ( an arti/1 & ! po9t at :i* some?+ else mu/ be sup]add$8 ,t is a matt] :i* ,i (t5 d\bt1 & ! old d\bt came back to my m9d ! o!r aft]noon1 z ,i li/5$ to ,ysaye & ,busoni1 & next day1 z ,i turn$ ov] ! newspap]s4 ,i read1 9 ! fir/ pap] ,i happ5 to take up1 t ! viol9i/ & ! piani/ are a p]fectly mat*$ pair2 ! applause1 at ! conc]t1 0 ev5 m en?usia/ic = ,busoni ?an = ,ysaye4 ,i he> bo? spok5 ( z arti/s1 z great arti/s2 & yet1 if words h any mean+1 x seems to me t only "o ( ! two is an arti/ at all1 & ! o!r1 ) all 8 ability1 only an executant4 ,admit1 = a mom5t1 t ! te*nique ( ! two is equal1 ?\gh x is n q possible to admit ev5 t1 9 ! /ricte/ s5se4 ,s f>1 we h made only a beg9n+4 ,)\t te*nique1 p]fect ( its k9d1 no "o is wor? consid]ation 9 any art4 ,! rope-danc] or ! acrobat mu/ be p]fect 9 te*nique be=e he appe>s on ! /age at all2 9 8 case1 a lapse f p]fection br+s its own p5alty1 dea? p]haps2 8 art beg9s :5 8 te*nique is already p]fect4 ,arti/s :o deal 9 mat]ials less fragile ?an human life %\ld h no less undeviat+ a s5se ( responsibility to !mselves & to art4 ,b ! p]=mance comes aft]w>ds1 & x is ! p]=mance ) :i* we are conc]n$4 ,( two acrobats1 ea* equally skilful1 "o w be individual & an arti/1 ! o!r w rema9 consummately skilful & un9t]e/+2 ! "o hav+ begun :]e ! o!r leaves (f4 ,n[ ,busoni c d1 on ! pian(orte1 :atev] he c conceive2 ! "q is1 :at c he conceive8 ,z he sat at ! piano play+ ,*op91 ,i ?\ght ( ,busoni1 ( ! ,be*/e9 piano1 ( :at f+]s c d1 ( _m o!r extrane\s ?+s1 nev] ( ,*op94 ,i saw ! piani/ ) ! ,*ri/-l head1 ! c>efully neglig5t elegance ( 8 appe>ance1 & ,i he>d wond]ful s\nds com+ out ( ! ,be*/e9 piano2 b1 try z h>d z ,i lik$1 ,i c\ld n feel ! contact ( s\l & in/rum5t1 ,i c\ld n feel t a human be+ 0 express+ himself 9 s\nd4 ,a task 0 magnific5tly accompli%$1 b a new beauty _h n come into ! _w4 ,!n ! ,kreutz] ,sonata began1 & ,i look$ at ,ysaye1 z he /ood1 an almo/ %apeless mass ( fle%1 hold+ ! viol9 betwe5 8 fat f+]s1 & look+ vaguely into ! air4 ,he put ! viol9 to 8 %\ld]4 ,! face _h be5 l a mass ( clay1 wait+ ! sculptor's ?umb4 ,z ! music came1 an invisible t\* seem$ to pass ov] x2 ! heavy m\? & *9 rema9$ firm1 press$ d[n on ! viol92 b ! eyelids & ! eyebr[s began to move1 z if ! eyes saw ! s\nd1 & 7 draw+ x 9 luxuri\sly1 ) a k9d ( sleepy ec/asy1 z "o draws 9 p]fume out ( a fl[]4 ,!n1 9 t in/ant1 a beauty :i* _h nev] be5 9 ! _w came into ! _w2 a new ?+ 0 creat$1 liv$1 di$1 hav+ reveal$ itself to all ^? :o 7 capable ( receiv+ x4 ,t ?+ 0 nei!r ,bee?ov5 nor ,ysaye1 x 0 made out ( _! meet+2 x 0 music1 n ab/ract1 b embodi$ 9 s\nd2 & j t miracle c\ld nev] occur aga91 ?\gh o!rs l x might be repeat$ = ev]4 ,:5 ! s\nd /opp$1 ! face return$ to its bl9d & deaf wait+2 ! int]val1 l all ! re/ ( life probably1 n c\nt+ 9 ! exi/5ce ( t p>ticul> s\l1 :i* came & w5t ) ! music4 ,& ,ysaye seems to me ! type ( ! arti/1 n because he is faultless 9 te*nique1 b because he beg9s to create 8 art at ! po9t :]e faultless te*nique leaves (f4 ,) him1 e faculty is 9 h>mony2 he has n ev5 too mu* ( any good ?+4 ,!re are times :5 ,busoni a/oni%es "o2 ,ysaye nev] a/oni%es "o1 x seems natural t he %\ld d ev]y?+ t he does1 j z he does x4 ,art1 z ,ari/otle has said f9ally1 %\ld always h a cont9ual slight novelty2 x %\ld nev] a/oni%1 = we are a/oni%$ only by "s excess or default1 nev] by a ?+ be+ :at x ought to be4 ,x is a fa%ion ( ! mom5t to prize extravagance & to be timid ( p]fection4 ,t is :y we give ! "n ( arti/ to ^? :o c />tle u mo/4 ,we h come to value te*nique = ! viol5ce :i* x gives into ! h&s ( ^? :o possess x1 9 _! assault ^u our n]ves4 ,we h come to look ^u te*nique z an end 9 itself1 r ?an z a means to an end4 ,we h b "o ^w ( praise1 & we use t "o ^w lavi%ly4 ,an ,ysaye & a ,busoni are ! same to u1 & x is to our cr$it if we are ev5 aw>e t ,ysaye is ! equal ( ,busoni4 ,,pa*mann ,,& ,,! ,,piano ,i ,x seems to me t ,pa*mann is ! only piani/ :o plays ! piano z x ought to be play$4 ,i admit 8 limitations1 ,i admit t he c play only c]ta9 ?+s1 b ,i cont5d t he is ! greate/ liv+ piani/ because he c play ^? ?+s bett] ?an any o!r piani/ c play any?+4 ,pa*mann is ! ,v]la9e ( piani/s1 & :5 ,i he> him ,i ?9k ( ,v]la9e read+ 8 own v]se1 9 a fa9t1 reluctant voice1 :i* y ov]he>d4 ,o!r play]s h ma/]$ ! piano1 ,pa*mann absorbs its s\l1 & x is only :5 he t\*es x t x really speaks its own voice4 ,! art ( ! piani/1 aft] all1 lies ma9ly 9 "o ?+1 t\*4 ,x is by ! skill1 precision1 & beauty ( 8 t\* t he makes music at all2 x is by ! quality ( 8 t\* t he evokes a m or less miracul\s vision ( s\nd = u4 ,t\* gives him 8 only means ( expression2 x is to him :at relief is to ! sculptor or :at values are to ! pa9t]4 ,to und]/&1 z x is call$1 a piece ( music1 is n s mu* z ! beg9n+ ( good play+2 if y d n und]/& x ) y\r f+]s1 :at %all y\r bra9 pr(it y8 ,9 ! int]pretation ( music all action ( ! bra9 :i* does n translate itself p]fectly 9 t\* is useless4 ,y may z well n ?9k at all z n ?9k 9 t]ms ( y\r in/rum5t1 & ! piano responds to "o ?+ only1 t\*4 ,n[ ,pa*mann1 beyond all o!r piani/s1 has ?is magic4 ,:5 he plays x1 ! piano ceases to be a compromise4 ,he makes x z liv+ & p5etrat+ z ! viol91 z responsive & elusive z ! clavi*ord4 ,*op9 wrote = ! piano ) a m p]fect s5se ( 8 in/rum5t ?an any o!r compos]1 & ,pa*mann plays ,*op9 ) an infallible s5se ( :at ,*op9 meant to express 9 8 m9d4 ,he seems to t\* ! notes ) a k9d ( agony ( delight2 8 face twit*es ) ! actual muscul> contraction ( ! f+]s z !y susp5d !mselves 9 ! v act ( t\*4 ,i am told t ,pa*mann plays ,*op9 9 a morbid way4 ,well1 ,*op9 0 morbid2 !re are fev]s & cold sweats 9 8 music2 x is n heal?y music1 & x is n to be int]pret$ 9 a robu/ way4 ,x mu/ be play$1 z ,pa*mann plays x1 somnambuli/ically1 ) a tremul\s delicacy ( int5sity1 z if x 7 a liv+ ?+ on ^: n]ves "o 7 op]at+1 & z if e t\* might mean life or dea?4 ,i h he>d piani/s :o play$ ,*op9 9 :at !y call$ a heal?y way4 ,! notes swung1 spun1 & clatt]$1 ) a h]oic rep]cussion ( s\nd1 a hurry+ reit]ation ( fury1 signify+ no?+4 ,! piano /orm$ ?r\gh ! applause2 ! piani/ sat imp]turbably1 hamm]+4 ,well1 ,i d n ?9k any music %\ld be play$ l t1 n ,liszt ev54 ,liszt connives at ! suicide1 b ) ,*op9 x is a murd]4 ,:5 ,pa*mann plays ,*op9 ! music s+s itself1 z if )\t ! int]v5tion ( an executant1 ( "o :o /&s betwe5 ! music & our he>+4 ,! music has to intoxicate him be=e he c play ) x2 !n he becomes its comrade1 9 a k9d ( v s]i\s game2 himself1 9 %ort1 t is to say inhuman4 ,8 f+]s h 9 !m a cold magic1 z ( s\lless elves :o h sold _! s\ls = beauty4 ,& ?is beauty1 :i* is n ( ! s\l1 is n ( ! fle%2 x is a sea-*ange1 ! life ( ! foam on ! edge ( ! dep?s4 ,or x transports him into "s mid-region ( ! air1 betwe5 hell & heav51 :]e he hangs li/5+4 ,he li/5s at all 8 s5ses4 ,! dew1 z well z ! ra9drop1 has a s\nd = him4 ,9 ,pa*mann's play+ !re is a froz5 t5d]ness1 )1 at mom5ts1 ! elvi% triumph ( a gnome :o has f\nd a bright cry/al or a diamond4 ,pa*mann is inhuman1 & music1 too1 is inhuman4 ,to him1 & rightly1 x is a ?+ n dome/icat$1 n famili> z a h\sehold cat ) our he>?4 ,:5 he plays x1 music speaks no language kn[n to u1 has no?+ ( ourselves to tell u1 b is %y1 ali51 & speaks a language :i* we d n "k4 ,x comes to u a div9e halluc9ation1 *ills u a little ) its airs f heav5 or else:]e1 & breaks d[n = an in/ant ! too solid walls ( ! _w1 %[+ u ! gulf4 ,:5 d',alb]t plays ,*op9's ,b]ceuse1 beautifully1 x is a lullaby = heal?y male *ildr5 gr[+ too big = ! cradle4 ,pa*mann's is a lullaby = fairy *angel+s :o h nev] _h a s\l1 b 9 ^: ve9s music vibrates2 & 9 ?is intimate ali5 ?+ he f9ds a k9d ( hum\r4 ,9 ! attempt to humanise music1 t attempt :i* almo/ e executant makes1 kn[+ t he w be judg$ by 8 success or failure 9 x1 :at is mo/ fatally lo/ is t s5se ( my/]y :i*1 to music1 is atmosph]e4 ,9 ?is atmosph]e alone music brea!s tranquilly4 ,s remote is x f u t x c only be rea*$ ?r\gh "s n q heal?y n]v\s t5sion1 & ,pa*mann's physical disquietude :5 he plays is b a sign ( :at x has co/ him to v5ture outside humanity1 into music4 ,yet 9 music ?is my/]y is a simple ?+1 its native air2 & ! art ( ! musician has less difficulty 9 its evocation ?an ! art ( ! poet or ! pa9t]4 ,) :at an ef=t d we p]suade words or col\rs back f _! vulg> articulat5ess into at lea/ "s recollection ( t my/]y :i* is deep] ?an sight or spee*4 ,music c nev] :olly be deta*$ f my/]y1 c nev] :olly become articulate1 & x is 9 our ignorance ( its true nature t we w\ld tame x to humanity & tea* x to express human emotions1 n its own4 ,pa*mann gives y pure music1 n /ates ( s\l or ( temp]am5t1 n int]pretations1 b e*oes4 ,he gives y ! notes 9 _! own atmosph]e1 :]e !y live = him an individual life1 :i* has no?+ to d ) emotions or ideas4 ,?us he does n ne$ to translate out ( two languages3 fir/1 f s\nd to emotion1 temp]am5t1 :at y w2 !n f t back aga9 to s\nd4 ,! notes exi/2 x is en\gh t !y exi/4 ,!y mean = him j ! s\nd & no?+ else4 ,y see 8 f+]s feel+ aft] x1 8 face call+ to x1 8 :ole body implor+ x4 ,sometimes x comes ^u him 9 su* a bur/ ( light t he has to cry al\d1 9 ord] t he may endure ! ec/asy4 ,y see him speak+ to ! music2 he lifts 8 f+]1 t y may li/5 = x n less att5tively4 ,b x is always ! ?+ itself t he evokes = y1 z x rises fl[]-l out ( sil5ce1 & comes to exi/ 9 ! _w4 ,e note lives1 ) ! :ole vitality ( its exi/5ce4 ,to ,sw9burne e ^w lives1 j 9 ! same way2 :5 he says light1 he sees ! sunrise2 :5 he says fire1 he is w>m$ ?r\gh all 8 blood4 ,& s ,pa*mann calls up1 ) ?is gho/ly magic ( 81 ! inn]mo/ life ( music4 ,i d n ?9k he has ev] put an int5tion into ,*op94 ,*op9 _h no int5tions4 ,he 0 a man1 & he suff]$2 & he 0 a musician1 & he wrote music2 & v likely ,george ,s&1 & ,majorca1 & 8 disease1 & ,scotl&1 & ! woman :o sang to him :5 he di$1 are all 9 ! music2 b t is n ! "q4 ,! notes sob & %iv]1 /ab y l a knife1 c>ess y l ! fur ( a cat2 & are beautiful s\nd1 ! mo/ beautiful s\nd t has be5 call$ out ( ! piano4 ,pa*mann calls x out = y1 dis9t]e/$ly1 easily1 ) ec/asy1 inevitably2 y d n realise t he has _h difficulties to conqu]1 t music is a ?+ = acrobats & a?letes4 ,he smiles to y1 t y may realise h[ beautiful ! notes are1 :5 !y trickle out ( 8 f+]s l s++ wat]2 he adores !m & 8 own play+1 z y d1 & z if he _h no?+ to d ) !m b to p\r !m out ( 8 h&s4 ,pa*mann is less %[y ) 8 f+]s ?an any o!r piani/2 8 h&s are /eal?y acrobats1 go+ quietly ab\t _! difficult bus9ess4 ,!y talk ) ! piano & ! piano answ]s !m4 ,all t viol5ce _c d ) ! notes ( ! in/rum5t1 he does4 ,8 art beg9s :]e viol5ce leaves (f2 t is :y he c give y =tissimo )\t hurt+ ! n]ves ( a s+le /r+2 t is :y he c play a run z if e note _h its mean+4 ,to ! o!rs a run is a fl\ri%1 a tassel hung on = display1 a ?+ extra2 :5 ,pa*mann plays a run y realise t x may h its own legitimate sp>kle ( gay life4 ,) him e note lives1 has its own body & its own s\l1 & t is :y x is wor? he>+ him play ev5 trivial music l ,m5delssohn's ,spr+ ,song or mean+less music l ,taub]t's ,waltz3 he creates a beauty out ( s\nd itself & a beauty :i* is at ! root ( music4 ,!re are mom5ts :5 a s+le *ord seems to say 9 itself ev]y?+ t music has to say4 ,t is ! mom5t 9 :i* ev]y?+ b s\nd is annihilat$1 ! mom5t ( ec/asy2 & x is ( su* mom5ts t ,pa*mann is ! poet4 ,& s 8 play+ ( ,ba*1 z 9 ! ,italian ,conc]to 9 ,f1 reveals ,ba* z if ! du/ _h sudd5ly be5 bru%$ (f 8 music4 ,all t 9 ! play+ ( o!rs _h seem$ h>d or dry becomes sudd5ly lum9\s1 alive1 &1 above all1 a miracle ( s\nd4 ,?r\gh a delicacy ( %ad+1 l ! art ( ,ba* himself = purity1 poignancy1 & cl>ity1 he envelops u ) ! ?rill+ atmosph]e ( ! mo/ absolutely musical music 9 ! _w4 ,! play+ ( ?is conc]to is ! greate/ ?+ ,i h ev] he>d ,pa*mann d1 b :5 he w5t on to play ,moz>t ,i he>d ano!r only less beautiful _w ( s\nd rise s(tly ab\t me4 ,!re 0 ! glitt]+ peace undimm$1 & !re 0 ! n]v\s spr+1 ! diamond h>dness1 z well z ! gl[+ light & ard5t sweetness4 ,yet ano!r mann] ( play+1 n less appropriate to its subject1 br\ght be=e me ! bubbl+ fl[1 ! romantic moonlight1 ( ,web]2 ?is music t is a little %[y1 a little lusci\s1 b ) a graci\s fem99e beauty ( its own4 ,*op9 foll[$1 & :5 ,pa*mann plays ,*op9 x is z if ! s\l ( ,*op9 _h return$ to its div9e body1 ! notes ( ?is s9ewy & fev]i% music1 9 :i* beauty becomes a torture & en]gy pi]ces to ! c5tre & becomes grace1 & languor swoons & is reborn a w+$ en]gy4 ,! great ?ird ,s*]zo 0 play$ ) gr&eur1 & x is 9 ! ,s*]zos1 p]haps1 t ,*op9 has built 8 mo/ endur+ "w4 ,! ,b>c>olle1 :i* ,i h he>d play$ z if x 7 ,niag>a & n ,v5ice1 0 giv5 ) p]fect quietude1 & ! second ,mazurka ( ,op4 #ej _h t boldness ( attack1 ) an almo/ /eal?y intimacy 9 its secret rhy?ms1 :i* 9 ,pa*mann's play+1 & 9 8 play+ alone1 gives y ! dance & ! rev]ie toge!r4 ,b ,i am n sure t ! ,etudes are n1 9 a v p]sonal s5se1 :at is mo/ ess5tial 9 ,*op91 & ,i am n sure t ,pa*mann is n at 8 be/ 9 ! play+ ( ! ,etudes4 ,o!r piani/s ?9k1 p]haps1 b ,pa*mann plays4 ,z he plays he is l "o hypnotis$ by ! music2 he sees x beckon+1 smiles to x1 lifts 8 f+] on a pause t y may li/5 to ! note :i* is com+4 ,?is app>5t hypnotism is really a fix$ & cont9u\s act ( creation2 !re is n a note :i* he does n create = himself1 to :i* he does n give 8 own vitality1 ! s5sitive & yet controll+ vitality ( ! m$ium4 ,9 play+ ! ,ba* he _h ! music be=e him t he might be :olly free f ev5 ! slight /ra9 :i* comes f ! almo/ unconsci\s act ( rememb]+4 ,x 0 = a precisely simil> reason t ,col]idge1 9 ^: v]se inspiration & art are m p]fectly balanc$ ?an 9 any o!r ,engli% v]se1 (t5 wrote d[n 8 poems fir/ 9 prose t he might be unhamp]$ by ! consci\s act ( ?\ght :ile li/5+ = ! music4 ,!re is no exquisite beauty1 said ,bacon 9 a subtle def9ition1 :i* has n "s /rang5ess 9 its proportions4 ,! play+ ( ,pa*mann escapes ! insipidity ( t beauty :i* is )\t /rang5ess2 x has 9 x some?+ fanta/ically inhuman1 l fi]y ice1 & x is = ?is reason t x rema9s a ?+ uncapturable1 a ?+ ^: secret he himself c\ld nev] reveal4 ,x is l ! secret ( ! rhy?ms ( ,v]la9e1 & no prosodi/ w ev] tell u :y a l9e l3 ,dans un palais1 soie et or1 dans ,ecbatane1 c communicate a new %iv] to ! mo/ languid or ! mo/ exp]i5c$ n]ves4 ,l ! art ( ,v]la9e1 ! art ( ,pa*mann is "o :olly ( sugge/ion2 8 f+]s /ate no?+1 !y evoke4 ,i said l ! art ( ,v]la9e1 because !re is a s+ul> lik5ess betwe5 ! two me?ods4 ,b is n all art a sugge/ion1 an evocation1 nev] a /atem5t8 ,_m ( ! great =ces ( ! pres5t day h set !mselves to ! task ( build+ up a l>ge1 positive art 9 :i* ev]y?+ %all be said ) emphasis3 ! art ( ,zola1 ! art ( ,mr4 ,kipl+1 9 lit]ature2 ! art ( ,mr4 ,s>g5t 9 pa9t+2 ! art ( ,ri*>d ,/rauss 9 music4 ,9 all ^! rem>kable m5 !re is "s small1 ess5tial ?+ lack+2 & x is 9 m5 l ,v]la9e1 l ,:i/l]1 l ,pa*mann1 t we f9d ! small1 ess5tial ?+1 & no?+ else4 ,,ii ,! s\nds torture me3 ,i see !m 9 my bra92 ,!y sp9 a flick]+ web ( liv+ ?reads1 ,l butt]flies ^u ! g>d5 b$s1 ,nets ( bright s\nd4 ,i foll[ !m3 9 va94 ,i mu/ n bru% ! lea/ du/ f _! w+s3 ,!y die ( a t\*2 b ,i mu/ capture !m1 ,or !y w turn to a c>ess+ flame1 ,& lick my s\l up ) _! flutt]+s4 ,! s\nds torture me3 ,i c\nt !m ) my eyes1 ,i feel !m l a ?ir/ betwe5 my lips2 ,is x my body or my s\l t cries ,) little col\r$ m\?s ( s\nd1 & drips ,9 ^! bright drops t turn to butt]flies ,dy+ delicately at my f+] tips8 ,,iii ,pa*mann has ! head ( a monk :o has _h comm]ce ) ! ,devil1 & x is :isp]$ t he has sold 8 s\l to ! diabolical in/rum5t1 :i*1 s9ce buy+ x1 c speak 9 a human voice4 ,! s\nds torture him1 z a wiz>d is tortur$ by ! %apes he has evok$4 ,he makes !m dance = 8 pleasure1 & y he> _! brea? come & g1 9 ! swell & subsid+ ( ^? m>vell\s cresc5does & dim9u5does :i* set ! /r+s pulsat+ l a sea4 ,he li/5s = ! s\nd1 li/5s = ! la/ e*o ( x aft] x is gone1 & is caught away f u visibly into t unholy company4 ,pa*mann is ! greate/ play] ( ! piano n[ liv+4 ,he _c int]pret e k9d ( music1 ?\gh 8 actual p[] is m v>i$ ?an he has l$ ! public to suppose4 ,i h he>d him play 9 private a %[-piece ( ,liszt1 a ?und]\s ?+ ( imm5se difficulty1 requir+ a te*nique q diff]5t f ! te*nique :i* alone he c>es to reveal to u2 he _h n play$ x = tw5ty ye>s1 & he play$ x ) exactly ! "r crackl+ spl5d\r t x dem&$4 ,on ! r>e occasions :5 he plays ,ba*1 some?+ t no "o ( our "t has ev] p]ceiv$ or r5d]$ 9 t compos] seems to be evok$1 & ,ba* lives aga91 ) some?+ ( t =gott5 life :i* only ! h>psi*ord c help u to rememb] "u ! f+]s ( o!r play]s4 ,moz>t & ,web] are two ( ! compos]s :om he plays ) ! mo/ natural in/9ct1 = 9 bo? he f9ds & unweaves t da9ty web ( bright melody :i* ,moz>t made out ( sunlight & ,web] out ( moonlight4 ,!re is no?+ betwe5 him & !m1 z !re is 9 ,bee?ov51 = in/ance1 :o hides himself 9 ! dep?s ( a cl\d1 9 ! dep?s ( wisdom1 9 ! dep?s ( ! he>t4 ,& to ,pa*mann all ?is is z /range z mortal firesides to a fairy4 ,he w&]s r\nd x1 wond]+ at ! great walls & b>s t h be5 set ab\t ! fa9t1 escap+ _s ( flame4 ,!re is no?+ human 9 him1 & z music turns t[>ds humanity x slips f betwe5 8 h&s4 ,:at he seeks & f9ds 9 music is ! in>ticulate1 ultimate ?+ 9 s\nd3 ! music1 9 fact4 ,x has be5 compla9$ t ,pa*mann's read+s are n intellectual1 t he does n int]pret4 ,x is true t he does n int]pret betwe5 ! bra9 & music1 b he is able to disimprison s\nd1 z no "o has ev] done ) mortal h&s1 & ! piano1 :5 he t\*es x1 becomes a joy\s1 disembodi$ ?+1 a voice & no?+ m1 b a voice :i* is music itself4 ,to r$uce music to t]ms ( human intellig5ce or ev5 ( human emotion is to l[] x f its own region1 :]e x is ,ariel4 ,!re is some?+ 9 music1 :i* we c appreh5d only z s\nd1 t comes to u out ( heav5 or hell1 mock+ ! human ag5cy t gives x spee*1 & tak+ flight beyond x4 ,:5 ,pa*mann plays a ,prelude ( ,*op91 all t ,*op9 0 consci\s ( say+ 9 x w1 no d\bt1 be !re2 x is all !re1 if ,god[sky plays x2 e note1 e %ade ( expression1 e height5+ & quick5+1 ev]y?+ t ! notes actually say4 ,b "u ,pa*mann's miracul\s h&s a miracle takes place2 my/]y comes ab\t x l an atmosph]e1 an icy ?rill trav]ses x1 ! t]ror & ec/asy ( a beauty t is n 9 ! _w envelop x2 we he> s\nds t are awful & exquisite1 cry+ outside "t & space4 ,is x ?r\gh ,pa*mann's n]ves1 or ?r\gh ours1 t ?is communion takes place8 ,is x te*nique1 temp]am5t1 t\*1 t reveals to u :at we h nev] dream$ 0 hidd5 9 s\nds8 ,c\ld ,pa*mann himself expla9 to u 8 own magic8 ,he w\ld tell u t he _h practis$ ! piano ) m pati5ce ?an o!rs1 t he _h tak5 m tr\ble to acquire a c]ta9 t\* :i* is really ! only way to ! secret ( 8 in/rum5t4 ,he c\ld tell y little m2 b1 if y saw 8 h&s settle on ! keys1 & fly & poise !re1 z if !y _h no?+ to d ) ! p]turb$1 li/5+ face t smiles away f !m1 y w\ld "k h[ little he _h told y4 ,n[ let u ask ,god[sky1 :om ,pa*mann himself sets above all o!r piani/s1 :at he has to tell u ab\t ! way 9 :i* he plays4 ,:5 ,god[sky plays he sits b5t & motionless1 z if pick+ out a patt]n ) 8 f+]s4 ,he seems to keep surreptiti\s wat* ^u !m1 z !y run swiftly on _! appo9t$ err&s4 ,!re is no err& !y are n nimble en\gh to c>ry )\t a /umble to ! j\rney's end4 ,!y obey him z if 9 fe>2 !y d>e n turn aside f ! /raight pa?2 = _! :ole aim is to get to ! end ( ! j\rney1 hav+ done _! task faultlessly4 ,sometimes1 b )\t relax+ 8 le>n$ gravity1 he plays a difficult game1 z 9 ! ,pagan9i v>iations ( ,brahms1 :i* 7 done ) a skill z sure & z s\lless z ,pagan9i's may h be54 ,sometimes he =gets t ! notes are liv+ ?+s1 & tosses !m ab\t a little cruelly1 z if !y 7 a juggl]'s balls4 ,!y drop l /ones2 y are sorry = !m1 because !y are alive4 ,h[ ,*op9 suff]s1 :5 he plays ! ,preludes6 ,he plays !m )\t a ?rob2 ! s*ol> has driv5 out ! magic2 ,*op9 becomes a ma!matician4 ,9 ,brahms1 9 ! ,g ,m9or ,rhapsody1 y he> mu* m ( :at ,brahms meant to d2 = ,brahms has set /range %apes danc+1 l ! skeletons 9 ! gho/s' moon%9e 9 a ballad ( ,b$does2 & ^! bodiless ?+s take %ape 9 ! music1 z ,god[sky plays x unfl9*+ly1 giv+ x to y exactly z x is1 )\t comm5t4 ,"h 8 fidelity to e outl9e ( =m becomes an int]pretation4 ,b ,*op9 is s mu* m ?an =m t to foll[ e outl9e ( x may be to leave ,*op9 out ( ! outl9e4 ,pa*mann1 ( all ! int]pret]s ( ,*op91 is ! mo/ subtle1 ! "o mo/ likely to d = ! mo/ "p :at ,*op9 want$4 ,! te/1 ,i ?9k1 is 9 ! ,?ird ,s*]zo4 ,t great composition1 "o ( ! greate/ among ,*op9's works1 = x conta9s all 8 qualities 9 an int5se measure1 might h be5 ?\ght less likely to be done p]fectly by ,pa*mann ?an su* ,col]idge 9 music1 su* murmur+s out ( p>adise1 z ! ,etude 9 ,f ,m9or 7,op4 #be1 ,no4 #b7 or "o ( ^? ,mazurkas 9 :i* ,*op9 is m poignantly fanta/ic 9 sub/ance1 m wild & :imsical 9 rhy?m1 ?an else:]e 9 8 music2 & inde$1 z ,pa*mann play$ !m1 !y 7 /range & lovely gambols ( un*ri/5$ elves4 ,b 9 ! ,s*]zo he ma/]$ ?is great1 viol5t1 h]oic ?+ z he _h ma/]$ ! little freaki% ?+s & ! trickl+ & :isp]+ ?+s4 ,he gave mean+ to e "p ( its decoration1 yet lo/ none ( ! spl5d\r & wave-l motion ( ! :ole toss+ & eag] sea ( s\nd4 ,pa*mann's art1 l ,*op9's1 :i* x p]petuates1 is ( t peculi>ly mod]n k9d :i* aims at giv+ ! ess5ce ( ?+s 9 _! f9e %ades3 la nuance encor6 ,is !re1 x may be ask$1 any ess5tial ?+ left out 9 ! process2 d we h att5uation 9 :at is c]ta9ly a way ( %>p5+ "o's /eel to a v f9e po9t8 ,! %>p5$ /eel ga9s 9 :at is mo/ vital 9 its purpose by ?is v p>+ away ( its sub/ance2 & :y %\ld n a =m ( art /rike deep] = ! same reason8 ,our only answ] to ,:i/l] & ,v]la9e is ! exi/5ce ( ,rod9 & ,wagn]4 ,!re we h weight z well z %>pness2 ^! giants fly4 ,x 0 curi\s to he>1 9 ! va/ lum9\s music ( ! ,rhe+old1 fl[+ l wat] ab\t ! e>?1 b>e to its roots1 n only an amplitude b a delicacy ( f9e %ades n less realis$ ?an 9 ,*op94 ,wagn]1 x is true1 welds ! lyric into drama1 )\t los+ its lyrical quality4 ,yet !re is no p]fect lyric :i* is made less by ! greatness ( ev5 a p]fect drama4 ,*op9 0 once ?\ght to be a draw+-room compos]2 ,pa*mann 0 once ?\ght to be no s]i\s arti/4 ,bo? h triumph$1 n because ! ta/e ( any public has improv$1 b because a few p :o knew h :isp]$ ! tru? to "o ano!r1 & at la/ x has leak$ out l a secret4 ,,pad]ewski ,i %all nev] cease to associate ,pad]ewski ) ! night ( ! ,jubilee4 ,i _h gone on foot f ! ,temple ?r\gh ^? pack$1 gaudy1 noisy1 & vulg>is$ /reets1 ?r\gh :i* no vehicles c\ld pass1 to a r>e & fanta/ic h\se at ! o!r end ( ,london1 a fam\s h\se hospitable to all ! arts2 & ,pad]ewski sat ) clos$ eyes & play$ ! piano1 !re 9 8 fri5d's h\se1 z if he 7 9 8 own home4 ,aft] ! music 0 ov]1 someone said to me1 ,i feel z if ,i _h be5 9 hell1 s pr(\nd 0 ! emotion %e _h exp]i5c$ f ! play+4 ,i w\ld h said heav5 r ?an hell1 = !re seem$ to be no?+ b pure beauty1 beauty half asleep & dream+ ( itself1 9 ! m>vell\s play+4 ,a spell1 c]ta9ly1 0 ov] ev]yone1 & !n ! exorcis] became human1 & je/$ delici\sly till ! e>ly morn+1 :51 z ,i w5t home ?r\gh ! /ill g>rul\s & peopl$ /reets1 ,i saw ! la/ flutt] ( flags & /ream]s betwe5 night & dawn4 ,all ! _w _h be5 riot+ = pleasure 9 ! gross way ( popul> demon/rations2 & 9 ! v he>t ( ?is up-ro> !re _h be51 = a few p1 ?is div9e escape4 ,no less magical1 soo?+1 en*ant+ 0 ! app>ition1 9 ,que5's ,hall1 t5 ye>s lat]1 ( ?is un*ang$ creature ) ! tortur$ ,burne-,jones face1 level & bewild]+ eyes1 ! web ( gold hair /ill pois$ l a halo4 ,beauty grew up ar\nd him l a sudd51 exub]ant gr[?1 m vigor\s & f a deep] root ?an be=e4 ,i realis$1 m ?an ev]1 h[ ! musician _h always be5 ! f\ndation ( ! virtuoso4 ,i h us$ ! ^w app>ition advis$ly4 ,!re is some?+1 n only 9 ! aspect ( ,pad]ewski1 :i* seems to come my/]i\sly1 b full ( light1 f a great di/ance4 ,he />tles music into a surpris$ awak5+4 ,! art ( ,pad]ewski recalls to me ! art ( ! mo/ skill$ & ! mo/ di/+ui%$ ( equilibri/s1 himself a ,pole1 ,paul ,c9quevalli4 ,p (t5 speak1 wrongly1 ( ,pad]ewski's skill z acrobatic4 ,! ^w conveys "s s5se ( disp>agem5t &1 s us$1 is inaccurate4 ,b !re is mu* 9 common betwe5 two =ms ( an art 9 :i* physical dext]ity c\nts = s mu*1 & t passionate precision to :i* error mu/ be impossible4 ,x is ! same k9d ( joy t y get f ,c9quevalli :5 he juggles ) cannon-balls & f ,pad]ewski :5 he br+s a cont9u\s ?und] out ( ! piano4 ,o!r p d ! same ?+s1 b no else c h&le ?und] or a cannon-ball delicately4 ,& ,pad]ewski1 9 8 absolute ma/]y ( 8 in/rum5t1 seems to d ! mo/ difficult ?+s )\t difficulty1 ) a scornful ease1 an almo/ accid5tal quality :i*1 f\nd 9 p]fection1 m>vell\sly decorates x4 ,x is difficult to imag9e t anyone s9ce ,liszt has _h s complete a ma/]y ( e capacity ( ! piano1 & ,liszt1 ?\gh probably ev5 m brilliant1 c h>dly be imag9$ ) ?is p>ticul> k9d ( *>m4 ,8 play+ is 9 ! true s5se an inspiration2 he plays no?+ z if he _h le>n$ x ) toil1 b z if x _h come to him out ( a k9d ( fi]y m$itation4 ,ev5 8 ?und] is n s mu* a ?+ specially cultivat$ = its own sake z a s+le prom95t detail 9 a va/ accompli%m5t4 ,:5 he plays1 ! piano seems to become ?rill+ly & tempe/u\sly alive1 z if bro!r met bro!r 9 "s joy\s triumph4 ,he collaborates ) x1 urg+ x to battle l a w>-horse4 ,& ! quality ( ! sonority :i* he gets out ( x is unlike t :i* is teas$ or provok$ f ! in/rum5t by any o!r play]4 ,fi]ce exub]ant delight wak5s "u 8 f+]s1 9 :i* !re is a s5sitiv5ess almo/ impati5t1 & "u 8 feet1 :i* are z busy z an organi/'s ) ! p$als4 ,! music leaps l p\r+ wat]1 flood aft] flood ( s\nd1 caught toge!r & flung onw>d by a c5tral en]gy4 ,! sep>ate notes are nev] pick$ out & made into ornam5ts2 all ! expression goes to passage aft] passage1 realis$ acutely 9 _! sequ5ce4 ,:]e o!rs give y hamm]+ on an anvil1 he gives y ?und] z if he>d ?r\gh cl\ds4 ,& he is full ( leisure & m$itation1 brood+ ?\ghtfully ov] c]ta9 exquisite ?+s z if lo? to let !m pass ov] & be gone4 ,& he seems to play out ( a dream1 9 :i* ! f+]s are second>y to ! mean+1 b report t mean+ ) entire felicity4 ,9 ! play+ ( ! ,moonlight sonata !re 0 no ,pad]ewski1 !re 0 no?+ b ,bee?ov54 ,! f9ale1 ( c\rse1 0 done ) ! due brilliance1 ! executant's %>e 9 a composition n writt5 = mod]n play]s4 ,b :at 0 wond]ful1 = its rev]5ce1 its p]fection ( fidelity1 0 ! play+ ( ! sl[ movem5t & ( ! little %>p movem5t :i* foll[s1 l ! cry+ & hopp+ ( a bird4 ,! e> wait$1 & 0 satisfi$ 9 e %ade ( anticipation2 no?+ 0 miss$1 no?+ 0 add$2 ! piani/ 0 z x 7 a fai?ful & ob$i5t %ad[4 ,z y li/5$ y =got te*nique1 or t x 0 anybody 9 p>ticul> :o 0 play+3 ! sonata 0 !re1 ) all its moonlight1 z e lov] ( ,bee?ov5 _h kn[n t x exi/$4 ,be=e ! ,bee?ov5 !re _h be5 a ,v>iation & ,fugue on an orig9al !me1 9 :i* ,pad]ewski play$ 8 own music1 really z if he 7 improvis+ x !re & !n4 ,i am n sure t t feel+ is altoge!r to ! cr$it ( ! music1 :i*1 z ,i he>d x = ! fir/ "t1 seem$ almo/ too p]il\sly effective1 9 its l>ge contra/s1 its ,liszt-l succession ( contradictory moods4 ,s\nd 0 evok$ t x might swell & subside l waves1 break sudd5ly1 & die out 9 a :ite ra9 ( /++ foam4 ,pauses1 surprises1 all 7 delicately calculat$ & ! weav] ( ^! bewild]$ dreams seem$ to wat* ov] !m l a ,loge ( cele/ial +5uity4 ,:5 ! actual ,liszt came1 ! int]m9able ,sonata 9 ,b m9or1 9 :i* ! sug> & ! fire are s /rangely mix$1 x 0 z if ,pad]ewski 7 /ill play+ 8 own music4 ,if ev] !re 0 a %[ piece = ! piano1 ?is 0 x1 & if ev] !re 0 a div9e %[man = x1 x 0 ,pad]ewski4 ,y felt at once ! p]sonal sympa?y ( ! great piani/ = ! great piani/4 ,he 0 no long] rev]5tial1 z ) ,bee?ov51 n do+ homage b tak+ "p1 %>+ almo/ 9 a creation1 comet-l1 ( />s 9 ! sky4 ,no?+ 9 ! bravura disconc]t$ or ev5 displeas$ him1 no lack ( coh]5ce or obvi\sness 9 contra/s di/urb$ him2 :at 0 l\d1 boi/]\s1 explosive1 he toss$ ab\t z 9 a colossal game1 he ba!d luxuri\sly 9 :at 0 lusci\s 9 ! melodies1 giv+ !m almo/ m ?an _! real wor? by ! delight$ skill ) :i* he set !m s++4 ,a m a/oni%+1 a m conv9c+1 a m ov]:elm+ t\r de =ce c\ld h>dly be a*iev$ on ! piano3 c\ld an eruption ( ,vesuvius be m spectacul>ly magnific5t8 ,liszt's music = ! piano 0 writt5 = a piani/ :o c\ld d any?+ t has ev] be5 done ) ! in/rum5t1 & ! result is n s :olly satisfactory z 9 ! ease ( ,*op91 :o1 ) a small] te*nique1 knew m ( ! secret ( music4 ,*op9 nev] dazzles1 ,liszt bl9ds4 ,x is a "q if he ev] did full ju/ice to 8 own g5ius1 :i* 0 p>tly t ( an innovator1 & p are only n[ beg9n+ to d ju/ice to :at 0 orig9al z well z f9e 9 8 "w4 ,h[ _m ideas ,wagn] caught f him1 9 8 %ameless transfigur+ triumphant way6 ,! melody ( ! ,fl[]-,maid5s1 = in/ance1 9 ,p>sifal1 is borr[$ frankly f a tone-poem ( ,liszt 9 :i* x is no m ?an a ?91 rock+ melody1 )\t any ( ! my/]i\s fasc9ation t ,wagn] put into x4 ,b 9 writ+ = ! piano ,liszt c]ta9ly rememb]$ t x 0 he1 & n "s unkn[n p]son1 :o 0 to play ^! h>d & %[y rhapsodies1 9 :i* !re are no dep?s1 ?\gh !re are spl5d\rs4 ,t is :y ,liszt is ! te/ r ( ! virtuoso ?an ( ! int]pret]1 :y1 !re=e1 x 0 s inf9itely m important t ,pad]ewski %\ld h play$ ! ,bee?ov5 sonata z imp]sonally z he did ?an t he %\ld h play$ ! ,liszt sonata ) s mu* p]sonal ab&onm5t4 ,betwe5 ^? limits !re seems to be conta9$ ! :ole art ( ! piani/1 & ,pad]ewski has atta9$ bo? limits4 ,aft] 8 conc]t 0 ov]1 ,pad]ewski gave sev5 encores1 9 ! mid/ ( an en?usiasm :i* recurs :5ev] & :]ev] he gives a conc]t4 ,:at is ! peculi> quality 9 ?is arti/ :i* acts always ) ! same intoxicat+ effect8 ,is x any?+ q normal 9 8 f+]s1 or is x1 9 ! image ( a brilliant & fanta/ic writ] on music 9 ,am]ica1 ,mr4 ,james ,hunek]1 a s\l l ! s\l ( ,belus1 ! ,raphael ( ! piano1 :i*1 susp5d$ above him1 l a coat ( _m colors1 mesm]ises ! audi5ce1 :ile he sits motionless1 n t\*+ ! notes8 ,is ,pad]ewski aft] all a ,belus8 ,is x 8 _m col\r$ s\l t magnetises our poor v]tebras1 9 ,v]la9e's phrase1 & n ! m]e skill ( 8 f+]s8 ,art1 x has be5 said1 is contagi\s1 & to compel univ]sal sympa?y is to succe$ 9 ! la/ requirem5ts ( an art4 ,( :at diff]5ce is x :e!r1 l ,keats1 he p]petuates 8 p]sonal magnetism 9 a /anza1 or1 l ,pad]ewski1 %$s x1 l a p]fume1 = t pass+ mom5t :i* is all ! et]nity ev] giv5 to ! creator ( beautiful s\nds8 ,a ,,reflection ,,at ,a ,,dolmets* ,,conc]t ,! int]pret] ( anci5t music1 ,arnold ,dolmets*1 is "o ( ^? r>e magicians :o are able to make roses blossom 9 mid-w9t]4 ,:ile music has be5 mod]nis+ itself until ! piano becomes an or*e/ra1 & ,b]lioz requires f\r or*e/ras to obta9 a pianissimo1 ?is /range man ( g5ius has quietly gone back a few c5turies & discov]$ = himself an exquisite lo/ _w1 :i* 0 disappe>+ l a fresco peel+ (f a wall4 ,he has burr[$ 9 libr>ies & f\nd unkn[n manuscripts l a savant1 he has work$ at misund]/ood notations & f\nd out a way ( read+ !m l a cryptogrammati/1 he has fir/ f\nd out h[ to re/ore & !n h[ to make ov] aga9 h>psi*ord1 & virg9als1 & clavi*ord1 & all ^? in/rum5ts :i* _h become sil5t curiosities 9 museums4 ,x is only beg9n+ to be realis$1 ev5 by musical p1 t ! clavec9 music (1 = in/ance1 ,ba*1 loses at lea/ half its *>m1 almo/ its id5tity1 :5 play$ on ! mod]n gr& piano2 t ! exquisite music ( ,rameau & ,c\p]91 ! brilliant & beautiful music ( ,sc>latti1 is almo/ inaudible on ev]y?+ b ! h>psi*ord & ! viols2 & t !re exi/s1 f> e>li] ?an ^! writ]s1 a mass ( ,engli% & ,italian music ( extreme beauty1 :i* has nev] be5 spoil$ on ! piano because x has nev] be5 play$ on x4 ,to any "o :o has once t\*$ a sp9et1 h>psi*ord1 or clavi*ord1 ! piano mu/ always rema9 a some:at inadequate in/rum5t2 lack+ 9 ! precision1 ! p5etrat+ *>m1 ! inf9ite def9ite reasons = exi/5ce ( ^? in/rum5ts ( wires & jacks & quills :i* its metallic rumble has be5 suppos$ s entirely to h sup]s$$4 ,z = ! clavi*ord1 to h once t\*$ x1 feel+ ! s(tness ) :i* "o's f+]s make _! own music1 l w9d among ! re$s1 is to h lo/ some?+ ( "o's reli% ev5 = ! music ( ! viol91 :i* is also a w9dy music1 b ! music ( w9d bl[+ %>ply among ! trees4 ,x is on su* in/rum5ts t ,mr4 ,dolmets* plays to u2 & he plays to u also on ! lute1 ! !orbo1 ! viola da gamba1 ! viola d'amore1 & ,i "k n h[ _m v>ieties ( ^? /r+$ in/rum5ts :i* are mo/ famili> to mo/ ( u f ! e>ly ,italian pictures 9 :i* :imsical little angels ) cross$ legs hold !m to _! *9s4 ,mr4 ,dolmets* is1 ,i suppose1 ! only liv+ man :o c read lute-music & play on ! lute1 an in/rum5t ( extraord9>y beauty1 :i* 0 once z common 9 ,engl& z ! guit> /ill is 9 ,spa94 ,&1 hav+ made ) 8 own h&s ! mat]ials ( ! music :i* he has recov]$ f oblivion1 he has taught himself & he has taught o!rs to play ?is music on ^! in/rum5ts & to s+ x to _! accompanim5t4 ,9 a music room1 :i* is really ! liv+ room ( a h\se1 ) viols hang+ on ! walls1 a *amb]-organ 9 "o corn]1 a h>psi*ord 9 ano!r1 a clavi*ord laid across ! arms ( a *air1 ?is music seems to c>ry "o out ( ! _w1 & %ut "o 9 ^u a h\se ( dreams1 full ( intimate & gho/ly voices4 ,x is a h\se ( peace1 :]e music is /ill t refre%m5t :i* x 0 be=e x took fev]1 & became accomplice & n m9i/] to ! n]ves1 & br\ght ! clam\r ( ! _w into its seclusion4 ,g f a conc]t at ,dolmets*'s to a ,ts*aik[sky conc]t at ! ,que5's ,hall4 ,ts*aik[sky is a debau*1 n s mu* passionate z fev]i%4 ,! ru%+ ( 8 viol9s1 l ! ru%+ ( an army ( l>ge w+$ birds2 ! ?ud1 snap1 & t+le ( 8 /range or*e/ra2 ! riot\s image ( ,russian peasants leap+ & hopp+ 9 _! c\ntry dances1 :i* 8 dance measures call up be=e "o2 ^? sweet solid h>monies 9 :i* 7if ,i may quote ! voluptu\s phrase ( a woman7 "o sets "o's tee? z into n\gat2 all ?is is l a v mat]ial k9d ( pleasure1 9 :i* ! s5ses = a mom5t =get ! s\l4 ,= a mom5t only1 = is x n ! s\l1 a k9d ( discont5t$ cry+ out aga9/ pleasure & pa91 :i* comes back di/ress+ly into ?is aft] all pa!tic music8 ,all mod]n music is pa!tic2 discont5t 7s mu* idealism z t67 has come into all mod]n music1 t x may be %>p5$ & di/urb$ en\gh to fix our att5tion4 ,& ,ts*aik[sky speaks /raight to ! n]ves1 ) t t\* ( unmanl9ess :i* is ano!r *>act]i/ic ( mod]n art4 ,!re is a vehem5t & mighty sorr[ 9 ! ,passion ,music ( ,ba*1 by ! side ( :i* ! grief ( ,ts*aik[sky is l ! :imp]+ ( a *ild4 ,he is unconsci\s ( retic5ce1 unconsci\s ( self-control4 ,he is unhappy1 & he weeps floods ( te>s1 beats 8 brea/1 curses ! daylight2 he sees only ! mis]y ( ! mom5t1 & he sees ! mis]y ( ! mom5t z a ?+ endless & ov]:elm+4 ,! *ild :o has brok5 8 toy c realise no?+ 9 ! future b a passionate regret = ! toy4 ,9 ,ts*aik[sky !re is none ( ! quiet+ ( ?\ght4 ,! only heal+ = our n]ves lies 9 ab/ract ?\ght1 & he c nev] get f> en\gh f 8 n]ves to look calmly at 8 own discont5t4 ,all ^? wild1 brok5 rhy?ms1 ru%+ ?is way & t1 are lett+ out 8 secret all ! "t3 ,i am unhappy1 & ,i "k n :y ,i am unhappy2 ,i want1 b ,i "k n :at ,i want4 ,9 ! mo/ passionate & ! mo/ que/ion+ music ( ,wagn] !re is always air2 ,ts*aik[sky is suffocat+4 ,x is himself t he pities s mu*1 & n himself because he %>es 9 ! g5]al sorr[ ( ! _w4 ,to ,tri/an & ,isolde ! :ole univ]se is an exultant & m>tyr$ %>] 9 _! love2 !y "k only ! absolute4 ,ev5 suff]+ does n br+ nobility to ,ts*aik[sky4 ,to pass f ,wagn] to ,ts*aik[sky1 f ,p>sifal to ! ,pa!tic ,symphony1 is l pass+ f a *ur* 9 :i* prie/s are (f]+ mass to a hut 9 :i* peasants are qu>rell+1 danc+1 & mak+ love4 ,ts*aik[sky has bo? =ce & s9c]ity1 b x is ! =ce & s9c]ity ( a f]oci\s *ild4 ,he takes ! or*e/ra 9 bo? h&s1 te>s x to pieces1 cat*es up a fragm5t ( x "h1 a fragm5t ( x !re1 ma/]s x l an enemy2 he makes x d :at he wants4 ,b he uses 8 fi/ :]e ,wagn] t\*es ) ! tips ( 8 f+]s2 he %[s ill-bre$+ aft] ! mann]s ( ! supreme g5tleman4 ,wagn] c use ! :ole /r5g? ( ! or*e/ra1 & n make a noise3 he nev] ends on a bang4 ,b ,ts*aik[sky loves noise = its own sake2 he likes to p\nd ! drum1 & to he> ! viol9s runn+ up & d[n scales l acrobats4 ,wagn] takes 8 rhy?ms f ! sea1 z 9 ,tri/an1 f fire1 z 9 p>ts ( ! ,r+1 f light1 z 9 ,p>sifal4 ,b ,ts*aik[sky de=ms ! rhy?ms ( nature ) ! caprices ( half-civilis$ impulses4 ,he puts ! frog-l danc+ ( ! ,russian peasant into 8 tunes2 he cries & ro>s l a *ild 9 a rage4 ,he gives himself to y j z he is2 he is imm5sely consci\s ( himself & ( 8 ne$ to take y into 8 confid5ce4 ,9 y\r delight at f9d+ any "o s alive1 y are incl9$ to welcome him )\t res]ve1 & to =get t a man ( g5ius is n necess>ily a great arti/1 & t1 if he is n a great arti/1 he is n a satisfactory man ( g5ius4 ,i contra/ him ) ,wagn] because x seems to me t ,wagn]1 alone among q mod]n musicians1 & ?\gh inde$ he appeals to our n]ves m =cibly ?an any ( !m1 has t bread? & univ]sality by :i* emotion ceases to be m]ely p]sonal & becomes elem5tal4 ,to ! musicians ( ! sixte5? & sev5te5? c5turies1 music 0 an art :i* _h to be c>efully gu>d$ f ! too di/urb+ pres5ce ( emotion2 emotion is !re always1 :5ev] ! music is f9e music2 b ! music is some?+ mu* m ?an a means = ! expression ( emotion4 ,x is a patt]n1 its beauty lies 9 its ob$i5ce to a law1 x is music made = music's sake1 ) :at might be call$ a m exclusive devotion to art ?an t ( our mod]n musician4 ,?is music aims at ! creation ( beauty 9 s\nd2 x conceives ( beautiful s\nd z a ?+ :i* _c exi/ outside ord] & measure2 x has n yet come to look ^u transgression z an ess5tial "p ( lib]ty4 ,x does n ev5 desire lib]ty1 b is cont5t ) lov+ ob$i5ce4 ,x c express emotion1 b x w nev] express an emotion c>ri$ to t excess at :i* ! mod]n idea ( emotion beg9s4 ,?us1 = all its sugge/ions ( pa91 grief1 melan*oly1 x w rema91 = u at lea/1 happy music1 voices ( a h\se ( peace4 ,is !re1 9 ! future ( music1 aft] x has express$ = u all our emotions1 & we are tir$ ( our emotions1 & we>y en\gh to be cont5t ) a little re/1 any likelihood ( a return to ?is happy music1 into :i* beauty %all come )\t ! selfi%ness ( desire8 ,,! ,,dramatisation ,,( ,,song ,all art is a compromise1 9 :i* ! *oice ( :at is to be =egone mu/ be left some:at to ! discretion ( nature4 ,:5 ! sculptor =egoes col\r1 :5 ! pa9t] =egoes relief1 :5 ! poet =egoes ! music :i* so>s beyond words & ! musician t precise mean+ :i* lies 9 words alone1 he foll[s a k9d ( necessity 9 ?+s1 & ! compromise seems to be ready-made = him4 ,b !re w always be ^? :o are discont5t$ ) no matt] :at fix$ limits1 :o dream1 l ,wagn]1 ( a possible1 or1 l ,mall>m1 ( an impossible1 fusion ( ! arts4 ,^! w\ld inv5t = !mselves a compromise :i* has n yet come into ! _w1 a ga9 )\t loss1 a re-adju/m5t 9 :i* ! scales %all be> s mu* additional weight )\t trembl+4 ,b nature is n always ob$i5t to ?is too autocratic comm&4 ,take ! art ( ! voice4 ,9 its ess5ce1 ! art ( ! voice is ! same 9 ! night+ale & 9 ,melba4 ,! same note is produc$ 9 ! same way2 ! expression giv5 to t note1 ! syllable :i* t note r5d]s1 are q diff]5t ?+s4 ,song does n 9 itself require words 9 ord] to realise ev5 ! utmo/ ( its capacities4 ,! voice is an in/rum5t l ! viol91 & no m 9 ne$ ( words = its expression ?an ! viol94 ,p]haps ! ideal ( s++ w\ld be atta9$ :5 a m>vell\s voice1 :i* _h absorb$ into itself all t temp]am5t & tra9+ _h to give x1 sang in>ticulate music1 l a viol9 :i* c\ld play itself4 ,!re is no?+ :i* su* an in/rum5t c\ld n express1 no?+ :i* exi/s z pure music2 &1 9 ?is way1 we %\ld h ! art ( ! voice1 ) ! lea/ possible compromise4 ,! compromise is already f> on its way :5 words beg9 to come into ! song4 ,"h are two arts help+ "o ano!r2 some?+ is ga9$1 b h[ mu* is lo/8 ,und\bt$ly ! words lose1 & does n ! voice lose some?+ also1 9 its directness ( appeal8 ,add act+ to voice & words1 & y get ! ultimate compromise1 op]a1 9 :i* o!r arts z well h _! %>e & 9 :i* ,wagn] w\ld h u see ! supreme =m ( art4 ,aga9 some?+ is lo/2 we lose m & m1 p]haps = a great] ga94 ,tri/an s+s ly+ on 8 back1 9 ord] to repres5t a sick man2 ! actual notes :i* he s+s are writt5 p>tly 9 ord] to indicate ! voice ( a sick man4 ,= ! sake ( :at we ga9 9 dramatic & ev5 !atrical expressiv5ess1 we h lo/ a two-fold means ( produc+ vocal beauty4 ,let u rejoice 9 ! ga91 by all means2 b n )\t "s consci\sness ( ! loss1 n ) too ready a belief t ! f9al solution ( ! problem has be5 f\nd4 ,an attempt at "s solution is1 at ?is mom5t1 be+ made 9 ,p>is by a s+] :o is n cont5t to be ,c>m5 or ,*>lotte ,corday1 b :o wants to inv5t a me?od ( h] own = s++ & act+ at ! same "t1 n z a "* 9 an op]a1 b z a private int]pret] betwe5 poetry & ! _w4 ,imag9e a woman :o sugge/s at ! same "t ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt & ,mrs4 ,br[n-,pott]1 )\t be+ really l ei!r2 %e is small1 exub]antly blonde1 h] head is surr\nd$ by masses ( loosely twi/$ blonde hair2 %e has l>ge grey eyes1 t c be grave1 or mock+1 or passionate1 or cruel1 or wat*ful2 a l>ge nose1 an int5t1 eloqu5t m\?4 ,%e we>s a trail+ dress t foll[s ! l9es ( ! figure vaguely1 supple to e movem5t4 ,:5 %e s+s1 %e has an old1 high-back$ *air 9 :i* %e c sit1 or on :i* %e c lean4 ,:5 ,i he>d h]1 !re 0 a mirror on ! o!r side ( ! room1 opposite to h]2 %e saw no "o else 9 ! room1 once %e _h surr5d]$ h]self to ! possession ( ! song1 b %e 0 always consci\s ( t image ( h]self :i* came back to h] out ( ! mirror3 x 0 h]self wat*+ h]self1 9 a k9d ( delight at ! beauty :i* %e 0 evok+ out ( words1 notes1 & expressive movem5t4 ,h] voice is /rong & ri*1 imp]fectly tra9$1 b ! voice ( a born s+]2 h] act+ is ev5 m ! act+ ( a born actress2 b x is ! temp]am5t ( ! woman t flames into h] voice & ge/ures1 & sets h] :ole be+ viol5tly & delicately be=e y4 ,%e makes a drama ( ea* song1 & %e re-creates t drama ov] aga91 9 h] r5d]+ ( ! int5tions ( ! words & ( ! music4 ,x is z mu* ) h] eyes & h] h&s1 z ) h] voice1 t %e evokes ! melody ( a picture2 x is a picture t s+s1 & t s+s 9 all its l9es4 ,!re is some?+ 9 h] aspect1 :at %all ,i call x8 t5aci\s2 x is a woman :o is an arti/ because %e is a woman1 :o takes 9 en]gy at all h] s5ses & gives out en]gy at all h] s5ses4 ,%e sang "s tragic songs ( ,s*umann1 "s my/]i\s songs ( ,maet]l9ck1 "s delicate love-songs ( ,*>les van ,l]b]ghe4 ,z "o look$ & li/5$ x 0 impossible to ?9k m ( ! words ?an ( ! music or ( ! music ?an ( ! words4 ,"o took !m simultane\sly1 z "o feels at once ! s(tness & ! p]fume ( a fl[]4 ,i und]/ood :y ,mall>m _h seem$ to see 9 h] ! realisation ( "o ( 8 dreams4 ,"h 0 a new art1 made up ( a new mix+ ( ! arts1 9 "o subtly intoxicat+ elixir4 ,to ,mall>m x 0 ! m exquisite because !re 0 9 x none ( ! broad g5]al appeal ( op]a1 ( ! gross recognis$ proportions ( ?+s4 ,?is dramatisation ( song1 done by any "o less subtly1 less completely1 & less s9c]ely an arti/1 w\ld lead u1 ,i am afraid1 into some?+ m disa/r\s ?an ev5 ! (ficial conc]t1 ) its rigid p]sons 9 ev5+ dress hold+ %eets ( music 9 _! tremul\s h&s1 & s++ ! notes set d[n = !m to ! be/ ( _! vocal ability4 ,madame ,georgette ,leblanc is an exceptional arti/1 & %e has made an art aft] h] own lik5ess1 :i* exi/s because x is ! expression ( h]self1 ( a /rong nature always 9 vibration4 ,:at %e feels z a woman %e c r5d] z an arti/2 %e is at once in/9ctive & delib]ate1 delib]ate because x is h] natural in/9ct1 ! natural in/9ct ( a woman :o is ess5tially a woman1 to be s4 ,i imag9e h] always s++ 9 front ( a mirror1 always recognis+ h] own %ad[ !re1 & ! m absolutely ab&on$ to :at ! song is say+ ?r\gh h] because ( t un9t]rupt$ communion ) h]self4 ,,! ,,me9+5 ,,or*e/ra ,o!r or*e/ras give p]=mances1 read+s1 approximations2 ! ,me9+5 or*e/ra gives an int]pretation1 t is1 ! ?+ itself4 ,:5 ?is or*e/ra plays a piece ( music e note lives1 & n1 z ) mo/ or*e/ras1 e p>ticul>ly significant note4 ,brahms is sometimes dull1 b he is nev] dull :5 ^! p play him2 ,s*ub]t is sometimes tame1 b n :5 !y play him4 ,:at !y d is precisely to put vitality into ev5 ^? p>ts ( a composition 9 :i* x is sc>cely pres5t1 or sc>cely realisable2 & t is a mu* m difficult ?+1 & really a m important ?+1 = ! prop] appreciation ( music1 ?an ! height5+ ( :at is already f9e1 & obvi\sly f9e 9 itself4 ,& ?is p>ticul> quality ( int]pretation has its value too z criticism4 ,=1 :ile x gives ! utmo/ value to :at is implicitly !re1 !re at lea/ 9 embryo1 x _c create out ( no?+2 x _c make ins9c]e "w s9c]e1 or fill empty "w ) mean+ :i* nev] c\ld h belong$ to x4 ,brahms1 at 8 mom5ts ( lea/ vitality1 comes into a new vig\r ( life2 b ,/rauss1 play$ by ^! s9c]e1 precise1 ?\ghtful musicians %[s1 z he nev] c\ld %[ o!rwise1 ! di/ance at :i* 8 lively spectre /&s f life4 ,:5 ,i he>d ! ,don ,juan1 :i* ,i _h he>d twice be=e1 & lik$ less ! second "t ?an ! fir/1 ,i realis$ f9ally ! :ole /ra91 pret5ce1 & empt9ess ( ! ?+4 ,play$ ) ?is e>ne/ att5tion to ! mean+ ( e note1 x 0 l a trivial drama :5 ,duse acts x2 x w5t to pieces ?r\gh be+ tak5 at its own ^w4 ,x 0 z if a ?readb>e piece ( /uff 7 held up to ! full sunlight2 y saw e /it* t 0 want+4 ,! ,don ,juan 0 foll[$ by ! ,entr'acte & ,ballet music f ,rosamunde1 & "h ! same sunlight 0 no long] criticism1 b r an illum9ation4 ,i h nev] he>d any music m beautifully play$4 ,i c\ld only ?9k ( ! piano play+ ( ,pa*mann4 ,! fa9t1 delicate music j came into exi/5ce1 brea!d a little1 & 0 gone4 ,"h = once 0 an or*e/ra :i* c\ld lit]ally be ov]he>d4 ,! ov]ture to ! ,mei/]s+] foll[$1 & "h1 = ! fir/ "t1 ,i got1 q flawless & uncontradictory1 ! two impressions :i* t piece pres5ts to "o simultane\sly4 ,i he>d ! unimp$$ m>* =w>d1 & ,i di/+ui%$ at ! same "t e delicate imp$im5t ?rong+ ! way4 ,"s r5d]+s give y a s5se ( solidity & /raight=w>d movem5t2 o!rs ( ! elaborate & v>i\s life :i* in=ms ?is s solid /ructure4 ,"h "o got ! complete ?+1 completely r5d]$4 ,i c\ld n say ! same ( ! r5d]+ ( ! ov]ture to ,tri/an4 ,"h ! notes1 all t 0 s to speak m]ely musical 9 ! music1 7 giv5 _! j expression2 b ! some?+ m1 ! va/ heave & ?rob ( ! music1 0 n !re4 ,x 0 classical r5d]+ ( :at is c]ta9ly n classical music4 ,he> t ov]ture z ,ri*t] gives x1 & y w realise j :]e ! ,me9+5 or*e/ra is lack+4 ,x has ! k9d ( en]gy :i* is requir$ to r5d] ,bee?ov5's multitud9\s en]gy1 or ! en]gy :i* c be heavy & cl\dy 9 ,brahms1 or l ov]p[]+ light 9 ,ba*1 or1 9 ,wagn] himself1 an en]gy :i* works )9 kn[n limits1 z 9 ! ov]ture to ! ,mei/]s+]4 ,b t :olly new1 & some:at fev]i%1 ov]:elm+ quality :i* we f9d 9 ! music ( ,tri/an meets ) some?+ less ?an ! due response4 ,x is a quality :i* p us$ to say 0 n musical at all1 a quality :i* does n appeal c]ta9ly to ! musical s5se alone3 = ! r5d]+ ( t we mu/ g to ,ri*t]4 ,o!rwise1 9 t ?ird conc]t x w\ld he difficult to say :e!r ,s*umann1 ,brahms1 ,moz>t1 or ,bee?ov5 0 ! bett] r5d]$4 ,p]haps "o might *oose ,moz>t = pure pleasure4 ,x 0 ! ,s]5ade = w9d in/rum5ts1 & x seem$1 play$ ?us p]fectly1 ! mo/ delightful music 9 ! _w4 ,! music ( ,moz>t is1 no d\bt1 ! mo/ beautiful music 9 ! _w4 ,:5 ,i he>d ! s]5ade ,i ?\ght ( ,cov5try ,patmore's epi!t1 actually us$1 ,i ?9k1 ab\t ,moz>t3 glitt]+ peace4 ,s*umann1 ,brahms1 ,wagn]1 & ,bee?ov5 all seem$ = ! mom5t to lose a little ( _! light "u ?is pure & tranquil & unwav]+ glitt]4 ,i hope ,i %all nev] he> ! ,s]5ade aga91 = ,i %all nev] he> x play$ z ^! p>ticul> play]s play$ x4 ,! ,me9+5 or*e/ra is fam\s = its w9d1 & :51 at ! fir/ conc]t1 ,i he>d ,bee?ov5's ,rond9o = w9d in/rum5ts1 x seem$ to me t ,i 0 he>+ brass = ! fir/ "t z ,i _h imag9$ brass ought to s\nd4 ,"h 01 n s mu* a new ?+ :i* "o _h nev] ?\ght possible1 z t precise ?+ :i* "o's e>s _h expect$1 & wait$ =1 & nev] he>d4 ,"o q miracul\s ?+ ^! w9d play]s c]ta9ly did1 9 common1 h[ev]1 ) ! :ole or*e/ra4 ,& t 0 to give an effect ( di/ance1 z if ! s\nd came actually f beyond ! walls4 ,i notic$ x fir/ 9 ! ov]ture to ,leonore1 ! fir/ piece :i* !y play$2 an unp>allel$ effect & "o ( surpris+ beauty4 ,ano!r matt] = :i* ! ,me9+5 or*e/ra is fam\s is its int]pretation ( ! works ( ,brahms4 ,at ea* conc]t "s f9e music ( ,brahms 0 giv5 f9ely1 b x 0 n until ! f\r? conc]t t ,i realis$1 on he>+ ! ?ird ,symphony1 ev]y?+ ( :i* ,brahms 0 capable4 ,x may be t a m pr(\nd acqua9tance ) 8 music w\ld lead me to add o!r ?+s to ?is ?+ z ! f9e/ music :i* he ev] wrote2 b ! ?ird ,symphony c]ta9ly reveal$ to me1 n altoge!r a new1 b a complete ,brahms4 ,x _h all 8 intellect & some?+ m2 ?\ght _h tak5 fire1 & become a k9d ( passion4 ,,moz>t ,,9 ,,! ,,mirabell-,,g>t5 ,!y are giv+ a cycle ( ,moz>t op]as at ,muni*1 at ! ,h(-,!at]1 to foll[ ! ,wagn] op]as at ! ,pr9z-,reg5t5-,!atre2 & ,i /ay$1 on my way to ,salzburg1 to he> ,die ,zaub]flte4 ,x 0 p]fectly giv51 ) a small1 *oice or*e/ra "u ,h]r ,zumpe1 & ) e "p except ! t5or's admirably sung & act$4 ,h]r ,julius ,z>e/1 f ,hanov]1 0 p>ticul>ly good z ,papag5o2 ! ,eva ( ,die ,mei/]s+] made an equally good ,pam9a4 ,& x 0 /ag$ "u ,h]r von ,poss>t's direction1 z suitably & z successfully1 9 its diff]5t way1 z ! ,wagn] op]a _h be54 ,! sombre ,egyptian sc5es ( ?is odd /ory1 ) its m5ag]ie & its pantomime trans=mation1 7 turn$ into a ?rill+ spectacle1 & by means ( no?+ b a little canvas & pa9t & limelight4 ,x c\ld h co/ v little1 comp>$ ) an ,engli% ,%akespe>e revival1 let u say2 b h[ inf9itely m spectacul>1 9 ! good s5se1 x 06 ,e effect 0 significant1 p]fectly 9 its place1 do+ j :at x _h to d1 & )\t ?ru/+ itself =w>d = sep>ate admiration4 ,g]man art ( to-day is all decorative1 & x is at its be/ :5 x is appli$ to ! sc5]y ( ! /age4 ,its fault1 9 s]i\s pa9t+1 is t x is too !atrical1 x is too anxi\s to be full ( too _m qualities besides ! qualities ( good pa9t+4 ,x is too emphatic1 x is meant = artificial light4 ,if ,franz ,/uck w\ld pa9t = ! /age1 in/ead ( us+ 8 vigor\s bru% to pa9t nature )\t di/9ction & nightm>es )\t imag9ation on easel-canvases1 he w\ld d1 p]haps r bett]1 j :at ^! sc5e-pa9t]s d1 ) s mu* skill & ta/e4 ,!y h ! s5se ( effective decoration2 & ,g]man art1 at pres5t1 is almo/ :olly limit$ to t s5se4 ,i li/5$1 ) ! full cons5t ( my eyes1 to ! lovely music1 :i* play$ r\nd ! /ory l light transfigur+ a masqu]ade2 & n[1 by a lucky *ance1 ,i c brood ov] x "h 9 ,salzburg1 :]e ,moz>t 0 born1 :]e he liv$1 :]e ! h\se 9 :i* he wrote ! op]a is to be se51 a little g>d5-h\se br\ght ov] f ,vi5na & set d[n :]e x %\ld always h be51 high up among ! p9ewoods ( ! ,capuz9]b]g4 ,i f9d myself wond]+ h[ mu* ,moz>t took to himself1 h[ mu* w5t to 8 mak+1 9 ?is exquisite place1 set 9 a holl[ ( great hills1 f :i*1 if y look d[n ^u x1 x has ! air ( a little toy t[n out ( a ,noah's ,ark1 set squ>e 9 a clean1 trim1 p]fectly flat map ( mead[s1 ) its flat ro(s1 pack$ close toge!r on ea* side ( a long1 w9d+ riv]1 :i* trails across ! :ole bread? ( ! pla94 ,f ! mid/ ( ! t[n y look up ev]y:]e at heights2 rocks cov]$ ) p9e-trees1 beyond !m hills hood$ ) :ite cl\ds1 great s(t walls ( d>kness1 on :i* ! mi/ is l ! bloom ( a plum2 &1 "r above y1 ! ca/le1 on its /eep rock swa!d 9 trees1 ) its grey walls & turrets1 l ! ca/le :i* "o has imag9$ = all ! knights ( all ! romances4 ,all ?is1 no d\bt1 ent]$ into ! s\l ( ,moz>t1 & _h its mean+ = him2 b :]e ,i seem actually to see him1 :]e ,i c fancy him walk+ mo/ (t51 & he>+ m s\nds ?an else:]e come to him ?r\gh 8 eyes & 8 s5ses1 9 ! ,mirabell-,g>t51 :i* lies beh9d ! palace built by an ,ar*bi%op ( ,salzburg 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury1 & :i* is laid out 9 ! conv5tional ,fr5* fa%ion1 ) a h>mony t ,i f9d 9 few o!r g>d5s4 ,i h nev] walk$ 9 a g>d5 :i* seem$ to keep itself s retic5tly )9 its own sev]e & graci\s limits4 ,! trees !mselves seem to gr[ naturally into ! patt]n ( ?is g>d51 ) its =mal alleys1 9 :i* ! birds fly 9 & out ( ! trellis$ ro(s1 its squ>e-cut bu%es1 its l[ /one balu/rades1 its tall urns out ( :i* droop trails ( p9k & gre51 its r\nd fl[]-b$s1 ea* ( a s+le col\r1 set at regul> int]vals on ! grass1 its t9y f\nta9 dripp+ fa9tly into a gre5 & br[n pool2 ! long1 sad l9es ( ! ,ar*bi%op's ,palace1 (f :i* ! br[n pa9t is peel+2 ! :ole sad *>m1 da9ty melan*oly1 =mal beauty1 & autumnal air ( x4 ,x 0 9 ! ,mirabell-,g>t5 t ,i seem$ ne>e/ to ,moz>t4 ,! music ( ,moz>t1 z "o he>s x 9 ,die ,zaub]flte1 is music )\t desire1 music cont5t ) beauty1 & to be itself4 ,x has ! firm outl9es ( ,dr] or ( ,botticelli1 ) ! same con/ra9t )9 a fix$ =m1 if "o comp>es x ) ! ,titian-l fre$om & spl5d\r ( ,wagn]4 ,9 he>+ ,moz>t ,i saw ,botticelli's ,spr+2 9 he>+ ,wagn] ,i _h se5 ! ,titian ,sc\rg+ ( ,*ri/4 ,moz>t has :at ,cov5try ,patmore call$ a glitt]+ peace3 to ,patmore t quality di/+ui%$ supreme art1 &1 inde$1 ! art ( ,moz>t is1 9 its k9d1 supreme4 ,x has an adorable purity ( =m1 & x has no ne$ to look outside ^? limits :i* x has f\nd or fix$ = itself4 ,moz>t c>es little1 z a rule1 = :at he has to express2 b he c>es inf9itely = ! way 9 :i* he expresses ev]y?+1 &1 ?r\gh ! m]e emotional p[] ( ! notes !mselves1 he conveys to u all t he c>es to convey3 awe1 = in/ance1 9 ^? solemn sc5es ( ! prie/s ( ,isis4 ,he is a magician1 :o plays ) 8 magic1 & c be gay1 out ( m]e pleasant idl5ess1 fool+ ) ,papag5us z ,%akespe>e fools 9 ,twelf?-,night4 ,die ,zaub]flte is really a v f9e k9d ( pantomime1 to :i* music l5ds itself 9 ! _s ( ! ?+1 yet )\t condesc5d+ to be grotesque4 ,! duet ( ,papag5us & ,papag5a is absolutely comic1 b x is z lovely z a duet ( two birds1 ( less flam+ fea!r4 ,z ! lov]s asc5d ?r\gh fires & floods1 only ! pip+ ( ! magic flute is he>d 9 ! or*e/ra3 imag9e ,wagn] ?read+ x into ! web ( a great or*e/ral patt]n6 ,= ,moz>t x 0 en\gh1 & = 8 art1 x 0 en\gh4 ,he gives y h>mony :i* does n ne$ to mean any?+ outside itself1 9 ord] to be supremely beautiful2 & he gives y beauty ) a c]ta9 exquisite =mality1 n c>+ to g beyond ! l9es :i* conta9 t retic5t1 suffici5t *>m ( ! ,mirabell-,g>t54 ,,notes ,,on ,,wagn] ,,at ,,bayreu? ,i4 ,,bayreu? ,,& ,,muni* ,bayreu? is ,wagn]'s creation 9 ! _w ( action1 z ! music-dramas are 8 creation 9 ! _w ( art2 & x is a triumph n less decisive1 9 its transposition ( dream into reality4 ,rememb] t e arti/1 9 e art1 has desir$ 8 own ,bayreu?1 & t only ,wagn] has atta9$ x4 ,:o w\ld n r rema9 at home1 receiv+ ! _w1 ?an g knock+1 humbly or arrogantly1 at _m doors1 (f]+ an ent]ta9m5t1 p]haps unwelcome8 ,! arti/ mu/ always be at cauti\s enmity ) 8 public1 always some:at at its m]cy1 ev5 aft] he has conqu]$ its att5tion4 ,! cr[d nev] really loves art1 x res5ts art z a dep>ture f its level ( m$iocrity2 & fame comes to an arti/ only :5 !re is a suffici5t numb] ( intellig5t individuals 9 ! cr[d to =ce _! op9ion ^u ! resi/+ mass ( ! o!rs1 9 ! =m ( a fa%ion :i* x is suppos$ to be un9tellig5t n to adopt4 ,bayreu? exi/s because ,wagn] will$ t x %\ld exi/1 & because he succe$$ 9 =c+ 8 ideas ^u a l>g] numb] ( p ( p[] & action ?an any o!r arti/ ( our "t4 ,wagn] always got :at he want$1 n always :5 he want$ x4 ,he _h a k+ on 8 side1 he _h ,liszt on 8 side1 ! "o musician ( all o!rs :o c\ld d mo/ = him2 he _h ! necess>y enemies1 besides ! g5]al resi/ance ( ! cr[d2 & at la/ he got 8 !atre1 n 9 "t to see ! full ext5t ( 8 own triumph 9 x1 b en\gh1 ,i ?9k1 to let him die p]fectly satisfi$4 ,he _h done :at he want$3 !re 0 ! !atre1 & !re 7 8 works1 & ! _w _h le>nt :]e to come :5 x 0 call$4 ,& !re is n[ a new ,bayreu?1 :]e1 almo/ z well z at ,bayreu? itself1 "o c see & he> ,wagn]'s music z ,wagn] wi%$ x to be se5 & he>d4 ,! squ>e1 pla91 grey & gre5 ,pr9z-,reg5t5 ,!atre at ,muni* is an improv$ copy ( ! !atre at ,bayreu?1 ) exactly ! same ampi!atrical arrangem5t ( seats1 ! same invisible or*e/ra & va/ /age4 ,ev]y?+ is done z at ,bayreu?3 !re are ev5 ! ?ree fanf>5 at ! doors1 ) ! same punctual & irrevocable clos+ ( ! doors at ! beg9n+ ( ea* act4 ,z at ,bayreu?1 ! solemnity ( ! :ole ?+ makes "o almo/ n]v\s1 = ! fir/ few m9utes ( ea* act2 b1 aft] t1 h[ ne> "o is1 9 ?is p]fectly d>k5$1 p]fectly quiet !atre1 9 :i* ! music surges up out ( ! my/ic gulf1 & ! picture exi/s 9 all ! ec/asy ( a picture on ! o!r side ( x1 beyond reality1 h[ ne> "o is to be+ alone1 9 ! passive /ate 9 :i* ! fle% is able to endure ! great burd5+ & uplift+ ( vision4 ,!re are ?us n[ two !atres 9 ! _w 9 :i* music & drama c be absorb$1 & n m]ely guess$ at4 ,,ii4 ,,! ,,lesson ,,( ,,p>sifal ,! p]=mance ( ,p>sifal1 z ,i saw x at ,bayreu?1 seem$ to me ! mo/ really satisfy+ p]=mance ,i _h ev] se5 9 a !atre2 & ,i h (t51 s9ce !n1 tri$ to realise = myself exactly :at x 0 t "o might le>n f t inc>nation ( ! ideas1 ! !oretical ideas1 ( ,wagn]4 ,! music itself has ! ab/ract quality ( ,cov5try ,patmore's odes4 ,i _c ?9k ( x except 9 t]ms ( sight4 ,light surges up out ( x1 z out ( un=m$ dep?s2 light desc5ds f x1 z f ! sky2 x breaks into fla%es & sp>kles ( light1 x broad5s out into a va/ sea ( light4 ,x is almo/ metaphysical music2 pure ideas take visible =m1 humanise !mselves 9 a new k9d ( ec/asy4 ,! ec/asy has /ill a c]ta9 fev] 9 x2 ^! %afts ( light sometimes pi]ce ! s\l l a sword2 x is n peace1 ! peace ( ,ba*1 to :om music c give all he wants2 x is ! unsatisfi$ desire ( a k9d ( fle% ( ! _s1 & music is b a voice4 ,p>sifal is religi\s music1 b x is ! music ( a religion :i* _h nev] be=e f\nd expression4 ,i h f\nd 9 a motet ( ,vittoria "o ( ! motives ( ,p>sifal1 almo/ note = note1 & !re is no d\bt t ,wagn] ow$ mu* to ,pale/r9a & 8 s*ool4 ,b ev5 ! sombre music ( ,vittoria does n plead & implore l ,wagn]'s4 ,! outcry comes & goes1 n only ) ! suff]+ ( ,am=tas1 ! despair ( ,kundry4 ,?is ab/ract music has human blood 9 x4 ,:at ,wagn] has tri$ to d is to unite my/icism & ! s5ses1 to r5d] my/icism ?r\gh ! s5ses4 ,mr4 ,watts-,dunton has po9t$ out t t is :at ,rossetti tri$ to d 9 pa9t+4 ,t my/]i\s int5sity ( expression :i* we see 9 ! faces ( ,rossetti's late/ pictures has some?+ ( ! same appeal z ! insatiable cry+-out ( a c>nal voice1 some:]e 9 ! dep?s ( ,wagn]'s late/ music4 ,9 ,p>sifal1 m p]haps ?an any:]e else 9 8 "w1 ,wagn] realis$ ! supreme importance ( monotony1 ! effect t c\ld be ga9$ by ! incessant repetition ( a few ideas4 ,all t music ( ! clos+ sc5e ( ! fir/ act is made out ( two or ?ree phrases1 & x is by ! f9e/ k9d ( inv5tion t ^? two or ?ree phrases are develop$1 & repeat$1 & wov5 toge!r into s spl5did a tissue4 ,&1 9 ! phrases !mselves1 :at sev]ity1 :at b>5ess almo/6 ,x is 9 _! return ^u !mselves1 _! weighty reit]ance1 t _! =ce & significance become reveal$2 & if1 z ,nietzs*e says1 !y end by hypnotis+ u1 well1 all art is a k9d ( hypnotic process1 a cunn+ absorption ( ! w ( ano!r4 ,p>sifal pres5ts itself z be=e all ?+s a picture4 ,! music1 so>+ up f hidd5 dep?s1 & seem+ to drop f ! heights1 & be reflect$ back f %9+ di/ances1 ?\gh x is1 m ?an any?+ ,i h ev] he>d1 l "o ( ! great =ces ( nature1 ! sea or ! w9d1 itself makes pictures1 ab/ract pictures2 b ev5 ! music1 z "o wat*es ! /age1 seems to subord9ate itself to ! visible picture !re4 ,&1 s p]fectly d all ! arts fl[ into "o1 ! picture impresses "o *iefly by its rhy?m1 ! h>monies ( its conv5tion4 ,! lesson ( ,p>sifal is ! lesson t1 9 art1 rhy?m is ev]y?+4 ,e mom5t 9 ! act+ ( ?is drama makes a picture1 & e movem5t is sl[1 delib]ate1 z if automatic4 ,no actor makes a ge/ure1 :i* has n be5 regulat$ = him2 !re is none ( t un9tellig5t haphaz>d kn[n z be+ natural2 ^! p move l music1 or ) t s5se ( motion :i* x is ! bus9ess ( pa9t+ to arre/4 ,ge/ure be+ a "p ( a picture1 h[ %\ld x b be settl$ z def9itely1 = t pictorial effect :i* all action on ! /age is 7m or less unconsci\sly7 /riv+ aft]1 z if x 7 ! "t ( a song1 or ! /age direction3 ,cross /age to "r8 ,also1 e ge/ure is sl[2 ev5 despair hav+ its arti/ic limits1 its retic5ce4 ,x is difficult to express ! delight ) :i* "o sees1 = ! fir/ "t1 p really motionless on ! /age4 ,aft] all1 action1 z x has be5 said1 is only a way ( spoil+ some?+4 ,! aim ( ! mod]n /age1 ( all drama1 s9ce ! drama ( ! ,greeks1 is to give a va/ impression ( bu/le1 ( p :o1 l mo/ p 9 real life1 are 9 a hurry ab\t ?+s2 & our actors1 :5 !y are n mak+ irrelevant spee*es1 are engag$ 9 frantically try+ to make u see t !y are feel+ acute emotion1 by ,i "k n :at re/lessness1 contortion1 & ineffectual excitem5t4 ,if x 7 once realis$ h[ inf9itely m important are ! l9es 9 ! picture ?an ^! /accato extravagances :i* d b aim at te>+ x out ( its frame1 break+ viol5tly ?r\gh x1 we %\ld h le>nt a little1 at lea/1 ( :at ! art ( ! /age %\ld be1 ( :at ,wagn] has %[n u t x c be4 ,di/ance f ! accid5ts ( real life1 atmosph]e1 ! space = a new1 fair] _w to =m itself1 be+ ( ! ess5ce ( ,wagn]'s repres5tation1 x is wor? notic+ h[ adroitly he ?r[s back ?is _w ( 81 f>!r & f>!r into ! backgr\nd1 by a ?\s& tricks ( light+1 ! actual di/ance ( ! /age f ! prosc5ium1 & by su* calculat$ effects1 z t long sc5e ( ! ,graal1 ) its prolong$ movem5t & ritual1 ?r\gh ! :ole ( :i* ,p>sifal /&s motionless1 wat*+ x all4 ,h[ t solit>y figure at ! side1 m]ely look+ on1 ?\gh1 unkn[n to himself1 he is ! c5tre ( ! action1 also gives "o ! s5se ( remot5ess1 :i* x 0 ,wagn]'s desire to produce1 ?r[+ back ! action into a reflect$ di/ance1 z we wat* someone on ! /age :o is wat*+ x6 ,! beauty ( ?is p>ticul> k9d ( act+ & /ag+ is ( c\rse ! beauty ( conv5tion4 ,! sc5]y1 = in/ance1 ) :at an en*ant+ leisure x m]ely walks along be=e "o's eyes1 :5 a *ange is want$6 ,conv5tion1 "h z 9 all pla/ic art1 is f\nd$ on natural tru? v closely /udi$4 ,! rose is fir/ le>n$1 9 e wr9kle ( its petals1 petal by petal1 be=e t reality is elaborately dep>t$ f1 9 ord] t a new1 ab/ract beauty may be =m$ out ( ^? outl9es1 all b ^? outl9es be+ left out4 ,& ,p>sifal1 :i* is ?us solemnly repres5t$ be=e u1 has 9 x1 9 its v ess5ce1 t hi]atic "* :i* x is ! ef=t ( supreme art to atta94 ,at times "o is rem9d$ ( ! mo/ beautiful drama 9 ! _w1 ! ,indian drama ,sakuntala3 9 t litt] ( leaves1 br\ght 9 s t\*+ly = ! swan's burial1 9 ! old h]mit wat]+ 8 fl[]s4 ,!re is some?+ ( ! same univ]sal t5d]ness1 ! same religi\s l9k+ toge!r ( all ! _w1 9 "s vague en\gh1 b v beautiful1 ,pan!ism4 ,i ?9k x is beside ! "q to discuss h[ f> ,wagn]'s int5tions 7 te*nically religi\s3 h[ f> ,p>sifal himself is ei!r ,*ri/ or ,buddha1 & h[ f> ,kundry is a new ,magdal54 ,wagn]'s m9d 0 ! m9d to :i* all leg5d is sacr$1 e symbol ( div9e ?+s to be held 9 rev]5ce2 b symbol1 ) him1 0 aft] all a means to an end1 & c\ld nev] h be5 accept$ z really an end 9 itself4 ,i %\ld say t 9 ,p>sifal he is pr(\ndly religi\s1 b n because he int5d$1 or did n int5d1 to %ad[ ! ,*ri/ian my/]ies4 ,8 music1 8 act+1 are dev\t1 because ! music has a disembodi$ ec/asy1 & ! act+ a noble rhy?m1 :i* c b produce 9 u some?+ ( ! solemnity ( s5sation produc$ by ! s]vice ( ! ,mass1 & are 9 !mselves a k9d ( religi\s c]emonial4 ,,iii4 ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,wagn] ,9 say+1 z we may truly say1 t ,wagn] made music pictorial1 x %\ld be rememb]$ t !re is no?+ new 9 ! aim1 only 9 ! cont9uity ( its success4 ,haydn1 9 8 ,creation1 evok$ l&scapes1 giv+ !m precision by an almo/ me*anical imitation ( cuckoo & night+ale4 ,trees _h ru/l$ & wat] fl[$ 9 ! music ( e compos]4 ,b ) ,wagn] x may be said t ! l&scape ( 8 music moves be=e our eyes z cle>ly z ! mov+ sc5]y ) :i* he does b acc5tuate x2 & x is always !re1 n a decor1 b a _w1 ! natural _w 9 ! mid/ ( :i* 8 p ( ! drama live _! passionate life1 & a _w 9 sympa?y ) all _! passion4 ,& 9 8 audible repres5tation ( natural s\nds & natural sights he does1 consummately1 :at o!rs h only tri$1 m or less well1 to d4 ,:51 9 ! pa/ at lea/1 ! critics object$ to ! realism ( 8 imitative effects1 !y =got t all o!r compos]s1 at "o "t or ano!r1 _h tri$ to be j z imitative1 b _h n succe$$ s well 9 _! imitations4 ,wagn]1 9 8 pa9t+1 is ! ,turn] ( music4 ,he br+s u nature1 h]oically exalt$1 full ( fi]y spl5d\r1 b nature z if caught 9 a mirror1 n arrang$1 subdu$1 compos$1 = ! frame ( a picture4 ,he is afraid ( no realism1 h[ev] mean1 because he has confid5ce 9 nature z x is1 appreh5d$ ) all ! clairvoyance ( emotion4 ,betwe5 ! abyss ( ! music1 out ( :i* ! _w rises up ) all its voices1 & ! rocks & cl\ds1 9 :i* ! sc5]y c>ries u onw>d to ! la/ horizon ( ! _w1 gods & m5 act out ! brief human trag$y1 z if on a n>r[ isl& 9 ! mid/ ( a great sea4 ,a few /eps ?is way or t w plunge !m into d>kness2 ! d>kness awaits !m1 h[ev] !y succe$ or fail1 :e!r !y live nobly or ignobly1 9 ! int]val2 b ! int]val absorbs !m1 z if x 7 to be et]nity1 & we see !m rejoic+ & suff]+ ) an ab&onm5t to ! mom5t :i* int5sifies ! pa?os ( :at we "k is futile4 ,love1 9 ,wagn]1 is s ec/atic & s t]rible1 because x mu/ compass all its angui% & delight into an immortal mom5t1 be=e :i* !re is only a great d>kness1 & only a great d>kness aft]w>ds4 ,sorr[ is s l(ty & s consol+ because x is no less consci\s ( its pass+ h\r4 ,& mean:ile action is n ev]y?+1 z x is = o!r mak]s ( drama2 is b "o among _m modes ( ! expression ( life4 ,^? long n>ratives1 :i* "s f9d s t$i\s1 s undramatic1 are "p ( ,wagn]'s prote/ aga9/ ! frequ5tly false emphasis ( action4 ,9 ,wagn] anticipation & memory are se5 to be (t5 equally int5se ) ! in/ant ( realisation4 ,siegfri$ is liv+ ) at lea/ z p[]ful & significant a life :5 he lies "u ! trees li/5+ to ! song ( ! birds z :5 he is kill+ ! dragon4 ,& x is = ?is t ! motives1 :i* are aft] all only ! mat]ialis+ ( memory1 7 creat$ by ,wagn]4 ,^! motives1 by :i* ! true action ( ! drama expresses itself1 are a symbol ( ! inn] life1 ( its prepond]ance ov] outw>d ev5t1 &1 9 _! guidance ( ! music1 _! indication ( ! real curr5t ( int]e/1 h a spiritualis+ effect ^u bo? music & action1 in/ead (1 z 0 once ?\ght1 mat]ialis+ bo?4 ,wagn]'s aim at express+ ! s\l ( ?+s is /ill fur!r help$ by 8 sy/em ( cont9u\s1 unresolv$ melody4 ,! melody :i* circumscribes itself l ,giotto's ,o is almo/ z tangible a ?+ z a /atue2 x has almo/ cont\r4 ,b ?is melody afloat 9 ! air1 fly+ l a bird1 )\t alight+ = m ?an a mom5t's sway+ poise1 z ! notes flit f /r+s to voice1 & f voice to wood & w9d1 is m ?an a m]e height5+ ( spee*3 x p>takes ( ! nature ( ?\ght1 b x is m ?an ?\ght2 x is ! :ole expression ( ! subconsci\s life1 say+ m ( himself ?an any p]son ( ! drama has ev] f\nd 9 8 own s\l4 ,x is "h t ,wagn] unites ) ! greate/ dramati/s1 & di/+ui%es himself f ! contempor>y h]esy ( ,ibs51 ^: only too probable p speak a language exactly on ! level ( _! desks & _! %op-c\nt]s4 ,except 9 ! ,mei/]s+]1 all ,wagn]'s p]sonages are h]oic1 & = ! mo/ "p ^? supreme sublimations ( humanity1 ! p ( leg5d1 ,tannhaus]1 ,tri/an1 ,siegfri$1 ,p>sifal1 h at once all t is 9 humanity & m ?an is hi humanity4 ,_! place 9 a national leg5d p]mits !m1 )\t di/urb+ our critical s5se ( ! probability ( ?+s1 a sup]human passion2 = !y are ideals1 ?is ( *ivalry1 t ( love1 ?is ( ! brav]y1 t ( ! purity1 ( y\?4 ,yet ,wagn] employs inf9ite devices to give !m m & m ( v]isimilitude2 modulat+ song1 = in/ance1 into a k9d ( *ant :i* we c almo/ take = actual spee*4 ,x is ?us ! m int]e/+ to note ! po9t to :i* realism conducts him1 ! limit at :i* x /ops1 8 conception ( a spiritual reality :i* beg9s :]e realism leaves (f4 ,&1 9 8 treatm5t ( sc5]y also1 we h to obs]ve ! admirable dext]ity ( 8 compromises4 ,! sup]natural is accept$ frankly ) almo/ ! *ildi% popul> belief 9 a dragon roll+ a loa?ly bulk pa9fully1 & brea?+ smoke4 ,b note t ! dragon1 :5 x is ?r[n back into ! pit1 falls )\t s\nd2 note t ! combats are )\t ! gha/ly & fooli% mod]n tricks ( blood & disfigurem5t2 note h[ ! cr[ds pose z 9 a good picture1 ) sl[ ge/ures1 & )\t intrusive individual pantomime4 ,z ,i h said 9 speak+ ( ,p>sifal1 !re is "o rhy?m ?r\gh\t2 music1 action1 spee*1 all obey x4 ,:5 ,brnnhilde awak5s aft] h] long sleep1 ! music is an imm5se ?anksgiv+ = light1 & all h] be+ f9ds expression 9 a great embrac+ movem5t t[>ds ! delight ( day4 ,siegfri$ /&s sil5t = ,i "k n :at space ( "t2 & x is 9 sil5ce always1 ) a wave-l or flame-l music surg+ ab\t !m1 cry+ out ( ! dep?s = !m1 t all ! lov]s 9 ,wagn] love at fir/ sight4 ,tri/an1 :5 he has drunk ! potion2 ,siegmund1 :5 ,siegl9de gives him to dr9k2 ,siegfri$1 :5 ,brnnhilde awak5s to ! _w & to him3 x is always 9 ! sil5ce ( rapture t love is giv5 & return$4 ,& ! ge/ure1 subdu$ into a gravity almo/ sorr[ful 7z if love & ! ?\ght ( dea? came always toge!r1 ! ?\ght ( ! only end+ ( a mortal et]nity71 r5d]s ! inmo/ mean+ ( ! music z no ,italian ge/ure1 :i* is ! vehem5ce ( fir/ ?\ghts & ! excitem5t ( ! s5ses1 c\ld ev] r5d] x4 ,t sl[ rhy?m1 :i* 9 ,wagn] is l ! rhy?m ( ! _w fl[+ onw>ds f its fir/ brea?+ out ( *aos1 z we he> x 9 ! op5+ notes ( ! ,r+1 seems to broad5 outw>ds l ripples on an inf9ite sea1 ?r\gh\t ! :ole "w ( ,wagn]4 ,& n[ turn f ?is elem5tal music1 9 :i* ! s5se ( all human ?+s is express$ ) ! dignity ( ! elem5ts !mselves1 to all o!r op]atic music1 9 :i*1 h[ev] noble ! music z music 7?9k ( ,gluck1 ( ,moz>t1 ( ,bee?ov5671 x is = ! mo/ "p fett]$ to a little accid5tal com$y or trag$y1 9 :i* two lov]s are jeal\s1 or someone is wrongly imprison$1 or a lib]t9e s$uces a few wom54 ,"h music is l a god speak+ ! language ( savages1 & l[]+ 8 supreme intellect to ! level ( _! spee*4 ,! melodi\s voice rema9s1 b ! div9e mean+ has gone out ( ! words4 ,only 9 ,wagn] does ,god speak to m5 9 8 own language4 ,,conclusion ,a ,,p>adox ,,on ,,art ,is x n "p ( ! p$antry ( lett]s to limit ! ^w art1 a little n>r[ly1 to c]ta9 manife/ations ( ! arti/ic _s1 or1 at all ev5ts1 to set up a comp>ative e/imate ( ! values ( ! sev]al arts1 a little unnecess>ily8 ,lit]ature1 pa9t+1 sculpture1 music1 ^! we admit z art1 & ! p]sons :o "w 9 !m z arti/s2 b danc+1 = in/ance1 9 :i* ! p]=m] is at once creator & int]pret]1 & ^? me?ods ( int]pretation1 su* z ! play+ ( musical in/rum5ts1 or ! conduct+ ( an or*e/ra1 or act+1 h we scrupul\sly consid]$ ! degree to :i* ^! also are art1 & _! executants1 9 a /rict s5se1 arti/s8 ,if we may be all[$ to look ^u art z some?+ ess5tially indep5d5t ( its mat]ial1 h[ev] dep5d5t ^u its own mat]ial ea* art may be1 9 a second>y s5se1 x w sc>cely be logical to cont5d t ! motionless & p]man5t creation ( ! sculptor 9 m>ble is1 z art1 m p]fect ?an ! same sculptor's modell+ 9 sn[1 :i*1 motionless "o mom5t1 melts ! next1 or ?an ! danc]'s h>moni\s succession ( movem5ts :i* we h n ev5 "t to realise individually be=e "o is succe$$ by ano!r1 & ! :ole has vani%$ f be=e our eyes4 ,art is ! creation ( beauty 9 =m1 visible or audible1 & ! arti/ is ! creator ( beauty 9 visible or audible =m4 ,b beauty is inf9itely v>i\s1 & z truly beauty 9 ! voice ( ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt or ! sil5ce ( ,duse z 9 a face pa9t$ by ,leon>do or a poem writt5 by ,blake4 ,a dance1 p]=m$ faultlessly & by a danc] ( temp]am5t1 is z beautiful1 9 its own way1 z a p]=mance on ! viol9 by ,ysaye or ! effect ( an or*e/ra conduct$ by ,ri*t]4 ,9 ea* case ! beauty is diff]5t1 b1 once we h really atta9$ beauty1 !re c be no "q ( sup]iority4 ,beauty is always equally beautiful2 ! degrees exi/ only :5 we h n yet atta9$ beauty4 ,& ?us ! old prejudice aga9/ ! arti/ to :om int]pretation 9 8 own special =m ( creation is really bas$ ^u a misund]/&+4 ,take ! art ( music4 ,ba* writes a composition = ! viol93 t composition exi/s1 9 ! ab/ract1 ! mom5t x is writt5 d[n ^u pap]1 b1 ev5 to ^? tra9$ musicians :o are able to read x at sight1 x exi/s 9 a /ate at be/ b half alive2 to all ! re/ ( ! _w x is sil5t4 ,ysaye plays x on 8 viol91 & ! ?+ beg9s to brea!1 has f\nd a voice p]haps m exquisite ?an ! s\nd :i* ,ba* he>d 9 8 bra9 :5 he wrote d[n ! notes4 ,take ! in/rum5t out ( ,ysaye's h&s1 & put x into ! h&s ( ! fir/ viol9 9 ! or*e/ra beh9d him2 e note w be ! same1 ! same g5]al s*eme ( expression may be foll[$1 b ! ?+ t we %all he> w be ano!r ?+1 j z mu* ,ba*1 p]haps1 b1 because ,ysaye is want+1 n ! "w ( art1 ! creation1 to :i* we h j li/5$4 ,t su* art %\ld be fragile1 evanesc5t1 leav+ only a memory :i* c nev] be realis$ aga91 is z pa!tic & z natural z t a beautiful woman %\ld die "y4 ,to ! actor1 ! danc]1 ! same fate is res]v$4 ,!y "w = ! in/ant1 & = ! memory ( ! liv+1 ) a supremely prodigal magnanimity4 ,old p tell u t !y h se5 ,descle1 ,taglioni2 soon no "o w be old en\gh to rememb] ^? great arti/s4 ,!n1 if _! r5[n becomes a matt] ( *>ity1 ( cr$ulity1 if y w1 x w be b equal ) ! r5[n ( all ^? poets & pa9t]s :o are only names to u1 or ^: ma/]pieces h p]i%$4 ,beauty is inf9itely v>i\s1 always equally beautiful1 & c nev] be repeat$4 ,gauti]1 9 a fam\s poem1 has wisely prais$ ! arti/ :o works 9 durable mat]ial3 ,oui1 l'oeuvre sort plus gelle ,d'une =me au travail ,rebelle1 ,v]s1 m>bre1 onyx1 mail4 ,no1 n m beautiful2 only m la/+4 ,t\t passe4 ,l'art robu/e ,seul l't]nit4 ,le bu/e ,survit la cit4 ,well1 aft] all1 is !re n1 to "o :o reg>ds x curi\sly1 a c]ta9 selfi%ness1 ev51 9 ?is desire to p]petuate oneself or ! "w ( "o's h&s2 z ! mo/ au/]e sa9ts h f\nd selfi%ness at ! root ( ! s\l's too consci\s1 or too exclusive1 long+ aft] et]nal life8 ,to h creat$ beauty = an in/ant is to h a*iev$ an equal result 9 art ) "o :o has creat$ beauty :i* w la/ _m ?\s&s ( ye>s4 ,art is conc]n$ only ) accompli%m5t1 n ) duration4 ,! re/ is a "q p>tly ( vanity1 p>tly ( bus9ess4 ,an arti/ to :om po/]ity means any?+ v def9ite1 & to :om ! admiration ( ^? :o w live aft] him c seem to promise mu* w>m? 9 ! grave1 may inde$ refuse to wa/e 8 "t1 z x seems to him1 ov] tempor>y successes4 ,or he may %r9k f ! cont9u+ ard\r ( "o to :om art has to be made ov] aga9 ) ! same en]gy1 ! same sur5ess1 e "t t he acts on ! /age or draws music out ( 8 in/rum5t4 ,"o may inde$ be li/less en\gh to pref] to h f9i%$ "o's "w1 & to be able to po9t to x1 z x /&s on its p$e/al1 or comes to meet all ! _w1 ) ! democratic fre$om ( ! book4 ,all t is a natural feel+ 9 ! arti/1 b x has no?+ to d ) art4 ,art has to d only ) ! creation ( beauty1 :e!r x be 9 words1 or s\nds1 or col\r1 or outl9e1 or rhy?mical movem5t2 & ! man :o writes music is no m truly an arti/ ?an ! man :o plays t music1 ! poet :o composes rhy?ms 9 words no m truly an arti/ ?an ! danc] :o composes rhy?ms ) ! body1 & ! "o is no m to be pref]r$ to ! o!r1 ?an ! pa9t] is to be pref]r$ to ! sculptor1 or ! musician to ! poet1 9 ^? =ms ( art :i* we h agre$ to recognise z ( equal value4 ,,by ,,! ,,same ,,writ] ,poems 7,collect$ ,edition 9 two volumes71 #aijb4 ,an ,introduction to ! ,/udy ( ,br[n+1 #ahhf1 #aijf4 ,aubrey ,be>dsley1 #ahih1 #aije4 ,! ,symboli/ ,movem5t 9 ,lit]ature1 #ahii1 #aijh4 ,cities1 #aijc4 ,/udies 9 ,prose & ,v]se1 #aijd4 ,a ,book ( ,tw5ty ,songs1 #aije4 ,spiritual ,adv5tures1 #aije4 ,! ,fool ( ! ,_w1 & ,o!r ,poems1 #aijf4 ,/udies 9 ,sev5 ,arts1 #aijf4 ,william ,blake1 #aijg4 ,cities ( ,italy1 #aijg4