,,e ,,/ep ,,9 ,,cann+ ,! ,cold-,pack ,me?od by ,,grace ,,viall ,,gray1 ,,ph4,b41 ,,ed4,b ,=m]ly ,associate ,pr(essor ( ,home ,economics1 ,i[a ,/ate ,college #aibj ,,preface ,x 0 six ye>s ago t ,i fir/ he>d ( ! ,"o ,p]iod1 ,cold-,pack ,me?od ( cann+4 ,a little circul> 0 put 9 my h& "o day at a f$]at$ club meet+ ann\nc+ ! fact t 9 a few weeks !re w\ld be a cold-pack demon/ration ab\t fifty miles away4 ,imm$iately ,i ann\nc$ t ,i 0 go+ to ! demon/rations4 ,s leav+ my small daught] ) my "m1 ,i w5t to ! ,normal ,s*ool at ,de,kalb1 ,ill9ois1 & he>d & saw = ! fir/ "t cold-pack cann+4 ,x is suffici5t to say t ^? ?ree days 7 s cr[d$ full ( int]e/ & new messages on ! gospel ( cann+ t ,i felt amply repaid = go+ fifty miles4 ,z a result ( t trip1 ! fir/ /ory ev] publi%$ on cold-pack cann+ appe>$ 9 ,! ,c\ntry ,g5tleman & ,i _h ! pleasure ( writ+ x4 ,s en?us$ 0 ,i ov] ?is new1 effici5t & easy way to c n only fruits b h>d vegetables1 su* z peas1 corn & beans1 t ,i want$ to c>ry ! good news into ! kit*5 ( o!r busy h\sewives & mo!rs4 ,my "m _h insi/$ t ,i take ) me my y\ng] si/]1 j f college1 b ) no dome/ic sci5ce t5d5cies4 ,s1 mu* aga9/ h] wi%es1 pref]r+ r to d "s settlem5t "w1 my si/] w5t ) me4 ,! cann+ 0 s int]e/+ t = ! fir/ "t 9 h] life1 my si/] became en?usia/ic ov] "o phase ( cook+4 ,my "m 0 s pleas$ at ?is zeal t :5 %e receiv$ my si/]'s lett] writt5 f ,de,kalb1 say+1 ,"m1 ,i am en?us$ ab\t ?is cann+ & want to c ev]y?+ 9 sight ?is summ]1 %e ha/ily wa%$ all available glass j>s & tops & _h ev]y?+ 9 read9ess = "y daught]'s return4 ,& we cann$4 ,we 7 n cont5t to c alone b invit$ all ! neighbors 9 & taught !m h[ to c4 ,our community cann$ m ?+s & m unusual ?+s1 includ+ ! h>d vegetables1 t ye> ?an !y _h ev] attempt$ be=e4 ,d n ?9k = "o m9ute x 0 all easy sail+1 = !re 7 d\bt+ ,?omases1 b x only took "t & results to conv]t ev5 ! mo/ skeptical ones4 ,& "h ,i mu/ make a confession4 ,x 0 mu* easi] = my si/]1 unv]s$ 9 any phase ( cann+1 to ma/] ?is new me?od ?an x 0 = me ) my f\r ye>s' tra9+ c\rse & my five ye>s ( tea*+ cann+ beh9d me4 ,& ?is is ! reason4 ,%e _h no?+ to unle>n1 %e knew no o!r me?od :]eas ,i _h to unle>n all my previ\s me?ods4 ,! "o p]iod1 cold-pack me?od is s entirely diff]5t f ! old hot pack or op5 kettle me?od t to be successful y mu/ =get all y ev] knew & be will+ to be taught anew4 ,& "r "h is :]e _m wom5 fall d[n--!y are n will+ to admit t !y "k no?+ ab\t x & s d n get accurate in=mation ab\t x4 ,!y are s afraid ( appe>+ ignorant4 ,?is false feel+ is ! greate/ ob/acle 9 woman's way4 ,i /ill g into small t[ns on my lecture trips & wom5 w say1 ,oh1 t cold-pack cann+ isn't new to me4 ,i h us$ x = ?irty ye>s4 ,& :5 ,i %[ my surprise1 !y fur!r enlight5 me )1 & my "m us$ x be=e me1 too4 ,) a little tactful que/ion+ ,i usually get ^! answ]s3 ,( c\rse1 ,i d n hot dip & cold dip4 ,i nev] he>d ( t be=e4 ,i pack ! products into ! cold j>s & = all vegetables ,i use a pres]v+ p[d] because !re is no way on e>? to keep corn & peas & su* ?+s unless y put some?+ into !m to keep !m4 ,fruit w keep all "r4 ,!n ,i cook !m 9 my wa% boil] until !y are done4 ,& :5 ,i ask1 ,h[ d y "k :5 !y are done1 ,i inv>iably get ! answ]1 ,oh1 ,i take out a j> once 9 a :ile & try x4 ,x seems l su* a hopeless task to *ange all ^! old-fa%ion$1 out-(-date me?ods ( cook+ b ) a great am\nt ( pati5ce & mu* actual cann+ x c usually be done4 ,n always1 ( c\rse1 = !re are "s wom5 :o seem to delight 9 /ick+ to ! old r ?an try ! new4 ,! pres5t book is !re=e design$ = all int]e/$ 9 great] effici5cy 9 ! home1 includ+ n only /ud5ts ( home economics b all p]sons :o h *>ge ( homes & are int]e/$ 9 le>n+ new1 effici5t1 "t & labor sav+ me?ods4 ,9 ! prep>ation ( ?is book ,i h receiv$ mu* help f ,mr4 ,o4,h4 ,b5son1 ,agriculturi/ 9 *>ge ( ! gov]nm5t ,boys' & ,girls' ,club ,"w1 & my fir/ in/ructor 9 ,cold-,pack ,cann+4 ,i also wi% to ackn[l$ge my appreciation to ^? :o h help$ to make ?is book possible by contribut+ in=mation1 advice & enc\ragem5t4 ,,grace ,,viall ,,gray4 ,octob]1 #aiai4 ,,cont5ts ,i4 ,,gett+ ,,ready ,,to ,,c ,,ii4 ,,s(t ,,fruits ,,& ,,b]ries ,,iii4 ,,h>d ,,fruits ,,iv4 ,,vegetables ,v4 ,,s\ps ,,vi4 ,,jellies1 ,,jams1 ,,pres]ves1 ,,m>malades1 ,,fruit ,,juices ,,& ,,sirups ,,vii4 ,,meat ,,viii4 ,,fi% ,,ix4 ,,easy ,,me?ods ,,( ,,cann+ ,,9 ,,t9 ,x4 ,,int]mitt5t ,,cann+ ,,or ,,fractional ,,/]ilization ,,xi4 ,,:y ,,cann$ ,,goods ,,spoil ,,xi4 ,i ,,gett+ ,,ready ,,to ,,dry ,,xiii4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,dry ,,fruits ,,xiv4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,dry ,,vegetables ,,xv4 ,,e ,,/ep ,,9 ,,br9+ ,,xvi4 ,,cur+1 ,,smok+ ,,& ,,pres]v+ ,,meat ,,xvii4 ,,pres]v$ ,,or ,,cann$ ,,eggs ,,xviii4 ,,home ,,/orage ,,( ,,vegetables ,,xix4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,m>ket ,,home ,,cann$ ,,produce ,,e ,,/ep ,,9 ,,cann+ ,,*apt] ,i ,,gett+ ,,ready ,,to ,,c ,be=e ! ,_w ,w>1 h\sewives _h lo/ ! good habit ( cann+1 pres]v+ & pickl+4 ,x 0 easi] to buy ,cali=nia fruits by ! case & cann$ vegetables by ! doz5 or half doz5 cans1 accord+ to ! size ( ! family4 ,!re is no d\bt x 0 *eap] & decid$ly easi] to pur*ase cann$ fruits1 vegetables1 gre5s1 s\ps & meats ?an to take "t & /r5g? 9 ! v hotte/ season ( ! ye> to d our own cann+4 ,b :at 0 true !n is n true n[4 ,! w> taught u ?rift4 ,! crime ( wa/+ ev5 a few tomatoes or b]ries has sunk into our m9ds to /ay =ev]2 sci5tific cann+ me?ods h be5 adopt$ by ! mod]n woman4 ,wom5 :o _h nev] cann$ 9 days be=e ! w> _h to c dur+ w> days4 ,food 0 s sc>ce & s high 9 price t to buy fancy or ev5 pla9 cann$ products 0 a sev]e /ra9 on ! av]age h\sewife's purse4 ,! ,am]ican woman1 z 0 to be expect$1 came quickly & eag]ly to ! front ) ! solution & ! slogan3 ,m g>d5s & m cann+ & pres]v+ at home4 ,a great g>d5 & cann+ movem5t swept ! :ole c\ntry4 ,z ,i h j said1 wom5 :o _h nev] cann$ be=e became vitally int]e/$ 9 putt+ up n m]ely a few j>s ( ?is & t1 b j>s ^u j>s ( cann$ fruits1 vegetables & gre5s2 & s great 0 _! delight 9 ! f9i%$ products t aga9 & aga9 ,i he>d !m say3 ,nev] aga9 %all we dep5d ^u ! groc]y to supply u ) cann$ goods4 ,if ^! wom5 _h be5 oblig$ to use ! same me?ods t _! gr&mo!rs us$ be=e !m1 !y w\ld h cann$ j ! same1 because x 0 _! patriotic duty to d s2 b !y w\ld h cann$ )\t ! en?usiasm & zeal t 0 s app>5t dur+ ! summ]s ( #aiag & #aiah4 ,?is en?usiasm 0 a result ( new cann+ me?ods1 me?ods unkn[n to our gr&mo!rs4 ,! wom5 ( to-day 7 =c$ into a new field & le>n$ h[ satisfy+ & well wor? :ile ! results 74 ,x is safe to gu>antee t e home-cann+ recruit w become a home-cann+ vet]an4 ,! fasc9ation ( do+ "o's own cann+ aft] "o has le>n$ h[ simple & economical x is w be la/+4 ,no "o ne$ fe> t home cann+ is go+ to suff] because ! w> end$ ! imm$iate necessity = x4 ,home cann+ has come into its own because ( ! w>1 & x has come to /ay because ( its _m m]its4 ,!re are f\r me?ods ( cann+ t are employ$ by wom5 all ov] ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,!y are ! op5-kettle1 ! int]mitt5t1 ! cold-wat] & ! cold-pack me?ods4 ,,drawbacks ,,( ,,! ,,old ,,me?ods ,! op5-kettle1 or hot-pack1 me?od is ! olde/4 ,x 0 l>gely us$ 9 ! pre-w> days4 ,! food is completely cook$ 9 ! pres]v+ kettle1 & is !n pack$ into hot1 /]iliz$ j>s1 aft] :i* ! j>s are seal$4 ,z ! pack+ into ! j> is done aft] ! /]ilization has be5 complet$1 !re is always a possibility ( bact]ia & spores ent]+ ! j> ) ! cook$ food & ! air4 ,fruits c be h&l$ successfully 9 ?is way1 b ?is me?od _c be us$ = vegetables1 gre5s & meats4 ,x is a v labori\s1 hot & h>d way to c4 ,mod]n h\sewives are disc>d+ x m & m e ye> & are beg9n+ to place _! tru/ 9 ! new] & f> m sci5tific me?ods ( cann+4 ,! int]mitt5t1 or fractional /]ilization1 me?od is /ill belov$ by "s p :o cl+ to ! sure & hate to v5ture into ! new4 ,vegetables c be h&l$ by ?is me?od z c all fruits & meats4 ,x is us$ r ext5sively 9 ! ,s\?1 :]e !y say ! conditions d n favor cold-pack4 ,! great objection to ?is me?od ( cann+ is t x requires ?ree p]iods ( /]ilization on ?ree diff]5t days & ?ree lift+s ( j>s 9 & out ( ! /]iliz]4 ,:at is sometimes call$ ! cold-wat] me?od ( cann+ %\ld n be confus$ ) ! cold-pack me?od4 ,! cold-wat] is (t5 us$ 9 connection ) ! cann+ ( rhub>b1 gre5 gooseb]ries & a comp>atively few o!r s\r b]ry fruits4 ,if ! cold-wat] me?od is us$ we w\ld sugge/ t ! product be ?or\ghly wa%$1 plac$ 9 a /ra9]1 scald+ wat] p\r$ ov] x1 & ! product !n pack$ at once1 9 practically a fre% /ate1 9 ! j>s1 & clean1 cold wat] appli$ until ! j>s are fill$4 ,if ^! /eps are tak5 c>efully & quickly ! me?od 9 mo/ cases w be successful ) su* acid products z ,i m5tion$4 ,z ! products w h to be cook$ be=e !y c be us$ _m h\sewives d n consid] x any sav+ ( "t or labor to foll[ ?is me?od4 ,,! ,,cold-,,pack ,,me?od ,! me?od ( to-day t came into its own dur+ ! w> is kn[n z ! cold-pack me?od ( cann+4 ,x f\ght a long fight to prove t x 0 a v effici5t1 economical & satisfactory process = busy h\sewives to c ev]y?+ t gr[s4 ,?is is ! me?od t ,i %all mo/ly ref] to 9 ?is book1 & if ,i %\ld omit ! phrase cold-pack y w "k t ,i am ref]r+ to x4 ,cold-pack simply means t ! products are pack$ cold 9 _! fre% & natural /ate 9 ! glass j>s or conta9]s4 ,to ! fruits hot sirup is appli$2 to ! vegetables hot wat] & a little salt are add$4 ,! /]ilization is done 9 ! glass j>s or t9 conta9]s aft] !y are p>tly or entirely seal$1 mak+ x practically impossible = bact]ia or spores to ent] aft] ! product has once be5 c>efully /]iliz$ or cook$4 ,9 foll[+ ?is me?od vegetables %\ld fir/ be blan*$ 9 boil+ wat] or live /eam1 !n quickly plung$ into cold wat] & ! sk9s remov$4 ,! products are !n pack$ 9 conta9]s & /]iliz$ accord+ to ! in/ructions & recipes giv5 lat]4 ,:5 we use ! t]m /]iliz+ we simply mean cook+ ! product = a c]ta9 p]iod ( "t aft] ! j> has be5 fill$ ) food4 ,x is sometimes call$ process+4 ,/]iliz+1 process+1 boil+ & cook+ are all int]*angeable t]ms & mean "o & ! same ?+4 ,by ?is cold-pack1 or cold-fill1 me?od ( cann+1 all food products1 includ+ fruits1 vegetables & meats1 c be successfully /]iliz$ 9 a s+le p]iod ) b "o h&l+ ( ! product 9 & out ( ! cann]4 ,all ! flavor is reta9$1 ! product is n cook$ to a mu%y pulp1 & ! labor & "t ne$$ = ! cann+ are less ?an 9 any o!r me?od4 ,! h\sewife's cann+ enemy1 mold1 is elim9at$ & all bact]ia & bact]ial spores :i* cause vegetables & meat to spoil are de/roy$4 ,,exp5sive ,,outfits ,,n ,,ess5tial ,= ?is cold-pack me?od y c use :atev] equipm5t y h 9 ! kit*54 ,complicat$ equipm5t is n ess5tial4 ,_m ( u h pur*as$ comm]cial outfits1 = we "k we c turn out m at ! end ( a day & h f\nd x well wor? :ile to inve/ a few doll>s 9 equipm5t t enabl$ u to be m effici5t4 ,b if y are a beg9n] & d n c>e to put any money 9 an unkn[n v5ture use ! available ?+s at h&1 j to prove to y\rself & o!rs t x c be done4 ,e type ( glass j> manufactur$ c be us$ except ^? :i* are seal$ ) wax4 ,s dig into y\r /or]ooms1 attics & basem5ts & br+ =? all y\r old j>s4 ,if a top is 9 good condition & w make a p]fect seal :5 adju/$ ) a good rubb] y c use t j>4 ,if ! tops _c be re/or$ to good condition x is poor economy to use !m4 ,imp]fectly seal$ j>s are probably responsible = m spoil$ cann$ goods ?an any o!r cause4 ,good tops & good rubb]s are requisites = good cann+4 ,= y\r cann]1 or /]iliz]1 y may use a wa% boil] or a galvaniz$ bucket1 su* z is us$ = a g>bage pail--a new "o1 ( c\rse4 ,ei!r is excell5t :]e ! family is small & ! cann+ is accord+ly light4 ,"s use ! res]voir ( ! cook/ove :ile o!rs employ a l>ge vat4 ,if y %\ld h to buy ! wa% boil] or pail see t x has a tight-fitt+ cov] & be sure ! pail does n leak4 ,!n all y h to d is to secure :at we call a false bottom1 some?+ t w keep ! j>s ( fruit f t\*+ ! direct bottom ( ! boil] or pail4 ,?is false bottom1 rememb]1 is absolutely necess>y1 = )\t x ! j>s w break dur+ ! boil+4 ,= ?is false bottom use a wire nett+ ( half-in* me% & cut x to fit ! bottom ( ! /]iliz]1 :e!r boil]1 pail or bucket4 ,if y hav5't any nett+ & d n c>e to pur*ase x a wood5 bottom c be made to fit ! /]iliz]1 or if t is n available put ?9 pieces ( wood 9 ! bottom--any?+ to keep ! j>s f com+ 9 direct contact ) ! bottom ( ! /]iliz]4 ,if y h only a small quantity ( b]ries or fruit to c use a deep saucepan ) a tight-fitt+ cov] & a few slats ( wood4 ,?is rack is absolutely necess>y to keep ! cont5ts ( ! j>s f becom+ ov]heat$4 ,ev5 if !y %\ld n break !re is a t5d5cy = "p ( ! cont5ts to escape "u ! cov] & be lo/4 ,d n use hay1 old clo!s1 newspap]s or excelsior = a false bottom2 !y are unsatisfactory because !y d n all[ prop] circulation ( wat]4 ,individual j> hold]s are v conv5i5t & are pref]r$ by _m wom5 to ! racks4 ,inexp5sive racks ) h&les are on ! m>ket & are wor? :at !y co/ 9 sav$ n]ves & unburn$ f+]s4 ,"s hold eight j>s1 o!rs hold twelve4 ,s x j lies ) y1 individual h\sekeep]1 :e!r y want a rack t w hold all y\r j>s or a set ( individual hold]s t h&les !m sep>ately4 ,to return to ! subject ( ! cann]1 let me add t no matt] :at k9d y use1 x mu/ be at lea/ ?ree in*es deep] ?an ! talle/ j>4 ,?is w give room = ! rack & an extra in* or two s t ! wat] w n boil ov]4 ,besides ! cann]s1 ! j>s1 ! rubb] r+s & ! rack y w ne$ "o kettle = boil+ wat]1 into :i* ! product may be put = scald+ or blan*+2 ano!r kettle = wat]--if y hav5't runn+ wat]--= ! cold dip4 ,if y use a homemade rack )\t h&les y %\ld h a j> lift] ( "s k9d = plac+ 9 & remov+ j>s f ! cann]4 ,if individual hold]s are us$ ?is is n necess>y1 z !y conta9 an upright bail4 ,"s wom5 use a wire potato ma%] = lift+ ! j>s out ( ! cann]s4 ,o!r kit*5 equipm5t1 su* z scales1 knives1 spoons1 wire basket or a piece ( *eeseclo? or musl9 = blan*+ or scald+ ! product1 & ! kit*5 clock play _! "p 9 cann+4 ,no cann+ p[d] or any pres]vative is ne$$4 ,if ! product is cook$ 9 clos$ j>s 9 ! hot-wat] ba? z direct$ ! food w be /]iliz$ s t x w keep indef9itely4 ,if x is desir$ to add salt1 sug>1 sirup1 v9eg> or o!r flavor ?is may be done :5 ! product is pack$ 9 ! j>4 ,a great _m p h be5 l$ to believe ?r\gh adv]tis+ matt] t x is bo? safe & practical to use cann+ comp\nds = ! pres]v+ ( vegetables :i* h prov$ h>d to keep "u ! commonly kn[n me?ods ( cann+4 ,! fir/ argum5t aga9/ ! use ( a cann+ comp\nd is t x is unnecess>y4 ,x is possible to /]ilize any fruit or vegetable :i* gr[s on tree1 v9e1 %rub or 9 ! gr\nd by ?is cold-pack1 s+le-p]iod me?od ( cann+1 )\t ! use ( a comp\nd4 ,! second argum5t aga9/ x is t _m ( ! cann+ comp\nds are positively h>mful to heal?4 ,"s ( !m conta9 z high z n9ety-five p] c5t ( boric acid4 ,directors ( c\nty & /ate fairs %\ld exclude f entry all fruits & vegetables t h be5 pres]v$ 9 any cann+ comp\nd4 ,p]fect fruit c be produc$ )\t any *emical pres]vative4 ,! ?ird argum5t is t !y are exp5sive4 ,!re are _m modifications ( ! orig9al wa% boil] & g>bage pail cook]s4 ,^! are all kn[n z ! hot-wat]-ba? outfits4 ,9 ^! outfits ! products are all cook$ 9 boil+ wat]4 ,!re are cond5s$-/eam cook]s "u v>i\s names1 :]e ! product is cook$ 9 cond5s$ /eam4 ,^! /eam]s are g5]ally us$ = ev]yday cook]y4 ,! wat]-seal outfit1 ! /eam-pressure outfit & ! alum9um pressure cook] foll[ 9 ord] ( effici5cy z reg>ds ! "t requir$ to /]ilize food4 ,foll[+ ! hot-wat] cann] 9 simplicity ( con/ruction & manipulation is ! wat]-seal cook]4 ,! temp]ature ( ! hot-wat]-seal outfit is a little high] ?an ! homemade or hot-wat]-ba? outfit2 s "t is sav$ 9 ! /]iliz+4 ,! /eam-pressure & ! pressure cook]s are m complicat$ b m effici5t4 ,"s pref] ! alum9um pressure cook] because x c be us$ = ev]yday cook+ 9 ! home4 ,pressure cook]s are exp5sive1 b !y are wor? _! price1 z !y are us$ daily & n j dur+ ! cann+ season4 ,"h are examples ( h[ !y rank z to "t requir$3 ,9 a hot-wat]-ba? outfit s(t fruits mu/ be /]iliz$ sixte5 m9utes2 9 a /eam]1 sixte5 m9utes2 9 a wat]-seal outfit1 twelve m9utes2 9 a /eam-pressure-outfit "u five p\nds ( /eam1 t5 m9utes2 9 an alum9um pressure cook] outfit ) t5 p\nds ( /eam1 five m9utes4 ,x takes longe/ to c ) a homemade or hot-wat]-ba? outfit2 ! %orte/ & quicke/ me?od is ) ! pressure cook] t has a pressure ( t5 p\nds or m4 ,ea* h\sewife has diff]5t f9ancial problems1 diff]5t h\rs ( work+ & diff]5t ways ( work+4 ,:]e quick "w is desir$ & exp5se is no item ! pressure cook] is advisable2 :]e money is sc>ce & "t is no object ! homemade outfit answ]s4 ,ea* "o mu/ decide :i* outfit is be/ = h] own p>ticul> case4 ,x matt]s n :i* outfit y h--!y h all be5 ?or\ghly te/$ & approv$ by exp]ts4 ,ea* "o does ! "w4 ,?is equipm5t = cann+ %\ld be 9 all kit*5s3 f\r-qu>t kettle = blan*+2 /eam] = /eam+ gre5s2 col&]2 qu>t measure2 funnel2 good rubb] r+s2 %>p p>+ knives2 j> op5]2 wire basket & a piece ( *eeseclo? "o y>d squ>e = blan*+2 p9eapple scissors2 "o l>ge pres]v+ spoon2 "o tablespoon2 "o teaspoon2 "o set ( measur+ spoons2 measur+ cup2 j> lift]2 ei!r a rack = sev]al j>s or individual j> hold]s2 & a clock4 ,! manufactur]s1 realiz+ t boys & girls mu/ be kept busy dur+ ! vacation mon?s1 h made "s wond]ful devices = outdoor cann+4 ,w\ld x n be a good plan to buy "o = ! "y p ( y\r family & give !m some?+ def9ite & wor? :ile to d 9 summ]8 ,y "k little bra9s & h&s mu/ be kept busy--if n usefully employ$ !y are (t5 incl9$ to mis*ief4 ,?is type ( cook] furni%es its own heat2 s x c be us$ 9 ! back y>d1 9 ! or*>d or "u ! trees 9 ! front y>d4 ,rememb] t ! high] ! altitude ! l[] ! degree ( heat requir$ to boil wat]4 ,"t-tables giv5 9 in/ructions = cann+ are usually bas$ ^u ! requirem5ts ( an altitude ( #ejj feet above sea level4 ,g5]ally speak+1 = e #djjj-;foot increase 9 altitude x w be well to add tw5ty p] c5t to ! "t requir$ z giv5 9 recipes or "t s*$ules = ! cann+ ( all k9ds ( fruits1 vegetables1 gre5s & meats4 ,,*apt] ,,ii ,,s(t ,,fruits ,,& ,,b]ries ,hav+ decid$ on y\r cann+ outfit1 :e!r y are go+ to c 9 boil+ wat]1 9 a cond5s$ /eam cook]1 or 9 /eam "u pressure2 hav+ ga!r$ toge!r ! necess>y tools1 su* z spoons1 knives & a funnel2 hav+ raid$ ! /or]oom & collect$ "s j>s1 y are n[ ready = ! actual "w ( cann+4 ,x is r un=tunate t /rawb]ries %\ld be "o ( ! v h>de/ products to c ) good results4 ,! cann+ itself is simple--all b]ries are quickly & easily cann$--b /rawb]ries always %r9k1 are apt to turn a little br[n1 &1 :at di/resses u mo/ ( all1 !y float to ! top ( ! j>4 ,! b]ry's t5d5cy to %r9k is responsible = loss ( color z well z its float+ qualities4 ,h[ev]1 if y w be exce$+ly c>eful to remove ! b]ries f ! cann] ! m9ute ! clock says ! /]iliz+ p]iod is ov]1 y w h a fairly good product4 ,two m9utes too long w produce a v d>k1 %runk5 b]ry4 ,s be c>eful ( ! cook+ "t4 ,ano!r ?+ t makes a good-look+ j> is to pack a qu>t ( b]ries--all k9ds ( b]ries1 n m]ely /rawb]ries--into a p9t j>4 ,if y w get t _m 9 y w h a mu* bett]-look+ j>1 ) v little liquid at ! bottom4 ,x does n hurt ! b]ries at all to g5tly press d[n on !m ) a silv] spoon :ile y are pack+ !m into ! j>4 ,we "k we are go+ to get a qu>t ( b]ries into e p9t j>1 s we "k j h[ _m qu>ts ( b]ries we w ne$ to fill ! necess>y j>s = ! next w9t]'s use4 ,! fir/ ?+ to d is to te/ ea* j> to see t !re are no cracks1 no r\gh edges to cut ! rubb]1 & to see :e!r ! cov] & clamp fit tightly1 if a clamp type ( j> is us$4 ,! bail t clamps d[n ! glass tops %\ld g d[n ) a good spr+4 ,if x does n1 remove ! bail & b5d x into %ape by tak+ x 9 bo? h&s & press+ d[n 9 ! middle ) bo? ?umbs4 ,d n b5d x too h>d1 = if x goes d[n ) too mu* ( a snap x w break ! j>4 ,?is te/+ ( ! bails %\ld be done e ye>4 ,! bails on new j>s are sometimes too tight1 9 :i* case remove ! bail & spread x out4 ,aft] ! bail has be5 readju/$1 te/ x aga94 ,! *ances are x w be j "r4 ,( c\rse all ?is te/+ takes "t1 b x pays4 ,if y are us+ "s old ,mason j>s put a rubb] on ea* j>1 fill ! j> ) hot wat]1 & !n put ! cov] on tight & inv]t4 ,?is is a sure te/ = leakage4 ,nev] use a ,mason cap twice unless ! cov] & coll> are sep>ate s t bo? c be completely /]iliz$4 ,=tunately ! old-fa%ion$ ,mason j> metal cov] to :i* a porcela9 cap is fa/5$ is go+ out ( /yle4 ,if y /ill h "s ( ^! old cov]s x w be economy to ?r[ !m away4 ,y w be money ahead 9 ! end4 ,aft] ^! tops h be5 us$ once x is impossible to make a fa/5+ betwe5 ! porcela9 & ! metal s tight t x is n possible = ! liquid to seep ?r\gh & cause ! cont5ts to spoil4 ,?is acc\nts = _m failures :5 old tops are us$4 ,= ?is reason nev] use ! old-fa%ion$1 z9c-topp$ cov]s4 ,! new & safe ,mason j> cov]s consi/ ( two p>ts1 ! metal coll> & ! porcela9 cap4 ,!y are = sale at all groc]y or h>dw>e /ores4 ,if y are us+ ! vacuum-seal j>s :i* h a composition atta*$ to ! lacqu]$ tops1 c>efully exam9e ?is rubb] composition to see t x is p]fect4 ,?is composition %\ld g entirely r\nd ! top & %\ld n be cut or brok5 9 any place4 ,if x is ! top mu/ be disc>d$ = a p]fect "o4 ,( c\rse ) ?is type ( j> no rubb] r+s are necess>y1 z ! rubb] composition on ! lacqu]$ top does ! seal+4 ,x is a wise plan to g r\nd ! tops & ov] ! inside ( all new glass j>s ) a heavy & dull knife to scrape (f any sliv]s ( glass or bur/$ bli/]s t may be /ill cl++ to ! j>s4 ,^? on ! tops cut ?r\gh ! rubb] & cause leakage4 ,^? 9 ! j>s may get into ! product4 ,i (t5 f9d ^! spl9t]s1 p>ticul>ly on new /raight-sid$ j>s4 ,x matt]s n :at type ( j> y use4 ,use :at y h at h&1 b if y are buy+ new j>s consid] ! foll[+ ?+s be=e mak+ y\r selections3 ,no metal1 unless x is enamel$ or lacqu]$1 %\ld come 9 contact ) ! food4 ,! j>s %\ld be ( smoo?1 well-f9i%$ glass4 ,! color ( ! j> does n affect ! keep+ qualities ( ! food4 ,! top or "p ( ! top t comes 9 contact ) ! cont5ts %\ld be all 9 "o piece1 s z n to (f] a place = ! accumulation ( organisms & dirt4 ,! j>s :i* h ne>ly /raight sides & a wide m\? or op5+ are easi] to wa% & facilitate bett]1 quick] & easi] pack+ ( ! product4 ,wa% ! j>s 9 soap & wat]4 ,r9se 9 boil+ wat]4 ,"s p temp] new j>s s !y w /& ! %ock ( hot wat] or hot sirup )\t break+4 ,if y wi% to take ?is extra precaution put ! j>s 9 a di%pan or kettle ( cold wat] aft] !y h be5 wa%$ 9 soapy wat]2 br+ ! wat] sl[ly to a boil & let x boil fifte5 m9utes4 ,aft] ! j>s are ready te/ ! rubb] r+s4 ,?is may seem a useless precaution1 b x is a necess>y "o1 = !re is no "o detail 9 ! bus9ess ( cann+ t is m important4 ,ev5 9 ! be/ boxes ( rubb]s !re is occasionally a black %eep1 & "o black %eep may cause ! loss ( a j>4 ,te/ ea* rubb] be=e y use x by press+ x firmly betwe5 ! ?umbs & =ef+]s1 /ret*+ x v slightly4 ,if x seems s(t & spongy disc>d x4 ,all rubb]s fit = cann+ %\ld be firm1 ela/ic1 & %\ld endure a /ret*+ pull )\t break+4 ,a good rubb] r+ w return promptly to place )\t *ang+ ! inside diamet]4 ,a great _m wom5 are labor+ "u ! wrong impression t color affects ! quality ( a r+4 ,"s wom5 insi/ on r$1 & o!rs on :ite4 ,color is giv5 to r+s by add+ color+ matt] dur+ ! manufactur+ process4 ,! color ( ! r+ is no index to its usefulness 9 home cann+4 ,use only fre%1 s\nd /rawb]ries or o!r b]ries4 ,!re is a little knack ab\t prep>+ ! /rawb]ries t few h\sewives "k4 ,hull ! b]ries by twi/+ ! b]ries (f ! hull1 in/ead ( pull+ ! hull f ! b]ry z mo/ wom5 d4 ,y w h a bett]-look+ b]ry if y w be c>eful ab\t ?is4 ,place ! b]ries 9 a /ra9] & p\r cold wat] ov] !m to cleanse !m4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,adju/ ,,! ,,cov]s ,nev] all[ ! b]ries or any fruit to /& 9 wat]1 z ! flavor & color are de/roy$ by wat]-soak+4 ,pack 9 glass j>s1 press+ ! b]ries d[n tightly1 b )\t cru%+ !m4 ,put ! rubb] on ! j> if y are us+ a j> requir+ a rubb]4 ,p\r hot sirup ov] ! b]ries4 ,put ! top ( ! j> 9 place1 b only p>tially tight5 x4 ,if us+ ! screw-top j>s1 su* z ! ,mason1 screw d[n ) ! ?umb & little f+]1 n us+ =ce b /opp+ :5 ! cov] cat*es4 ,if us+ vacuum-seal j>s put ! cov] on & ! spr+ 9 place4 ,! spr+ w give en\gh to all[ ! /eam to escape4 ,9 us+ glass-top j>s ) ! pat5t wire snap1 put ! cov] 9 place1 ! wire ov] ! top & leave ! clamp up4 ,! cov] on a glass j> mu/ n be tight :ile ! product is cook+1 because ! air w exp& :5 heat$1 & if ! cov] is n loose en\gh to all[ ! /eam to escape ! pressure may bl[ ! rubb] out or break ! j>4 ,! product is n[ ready = ! cann]4 ,,/]iliz+ ,if y are us+ ! homemade outfit1 su* z wa%-boil] or g>bage pail1 all b]ries & s(t fruits are /]iliz$ sixte5 m9utes2 9 all comm]cial hot-wat]-ba? outfits & 9 cond5s$ /eam1 sixte5 m9utes2 9 ! wat]-seal1 twelve m9utes2 9 ! /eam pressure "u five p\nds ( /eam1 t5 m9utes2 & 9 ! pressure cook] "u t5 p\nds ( /eam1 five m9utes4 ,d n all[ ! pressure to run above t5 p\nds = s(t fruits2 fifte5 p\nds makes !m mu%y4 ,if y use any type ( hot-wat]-ba? outfit be sure ! wat] is boil+ :5 ! fruit is l[]$ into ! cann]1 & keep x boil+ vigor\sly = ! entire sixte5 m9utes4 ,at ! end ( ! /]iliz+ "t1 imm$iately remove ! j>s f ! cann]4 ,9 tak+ cann$ goods f boil+ wat] c>e is ne$$ to see t !y are protect$ f drafts4 ,if necess>y close ! w9d[s & doors :ile lift+ ! j>s out1 z a sudd5 draft might break !m4 ,exam9e rubb]s to see t !y are 9 place4 ,sometimes if a cov] is screw$ d[n too tight ! pressure ( ! /eam f ! inside causes ! rubb] to bulge out4 ,simply loos5 ! cov] a ?read or two1 pu% ! rubb] back into place & !n tight54 ,9 case ! rubb] does n seem to fit well or seems to be a poor rubb] x %\ld be replac$ by a new "o1 & ! j> return$ to ! cook] = five m9utes4 ,! j>s %\ld be seal$ tight--cov]s screw$ d[n1 clamps put 9 place--imm$iately aft] !y are remov$ f ! cook]4 ,inv]t ! j> to te/ ! jo9t1 !n let x cool4 ,if ! seal is n p]fect correct ! fault & return ! j> to ! cook] = five m9utes if hot1 t5 m9utes if ! j> is cold4 ,d n inv]t vacuum-seal j>s4 ,^! %\ld be all[$ to cool1 & !n be te/$ by remov+ ! spr+ or clamp & lift+ ! j>s by ! cov] only4 ,lift ! j> only half an in*1 hold+ x ov] ! table1 s t 9 case ! lid does n hold ! j> & cont5ts w n be damag$4 ,or1 bett] /ill1 tap r\nd ! edge ( ! cov] ) a rule4 ,an imp]fect seal w give a holl[ s\nd4 ,z light injures delicately color$ fruits & vegetables1 x is wise to /ore !m 9 d>k places1 su* z cupbo>ds1 or basem5t or attic %elves protect$ f ! light4 ,black cambric tack$ to ! top %elf & susp5d$ ov] ! o!r %elves is a suffici5t protection f light4 ,a disc>d$ w9d[ %ade c be roll$ d[n ov] ! %elves & easily pull$ up :5 y desire to take a j> f ! %elves4 ,cann$ goods are be/ kept at a temp]ature bel[ sev5ty degrees ,fahr5heit1 :]e t is at all possible4 ,,/eps ,,9 ,,cann+ ,,s(t ,,fruits ,,& ,,b]ries ,x might be well to enum]ate ! /eps 9 b]ry & s(t-fruit cann+1 or d :at we call$ 9 our s*ooldays review x3 #a4 ,get ! cann] & all its accessories ready4 #b4 ,te/ & wa% j>s & tops & put 9 wat] to /]ilize4 #c4 ,te/ rubb] r+s4 #d4 ,make sirup & put 9 d\ble boil] to keep hot #e4 ,prep>e ! product--hull1 se$1 /em4 #f4 ,place b]ries or fruit 9 /ra9] or col&]4 #g4 ,r9se by p\r+ cold wat] ov] product4 #h4 ,pack f /ra9] into hot j>4 #i4 ,use big spoon to get a firm pack4 #aj4 ,dip rubb] 9 hot wat] to cleanse x & put x 9 place on ! j>4 #aa4 ,p\r ! hot sirup ov] ! fruit at once4 #ab4 ,put top ( j> on1 b n tight4 #ac4 ,ready = cann]4 #ad4 ,/]ilize = ! necess>y l5g? ( "t1 accord+ to ! outfit y are us+3 ,,m9utes ,hot-wat]-ba? outfit #af ,cond5s$-/eam outfit #af ,wat]-seal outfit #ab ,/eam pressure1 #e p\nds1 outfit #aj ,pressure cook]1 #aj p\nds1 outfit #e #ae4 ,remove f cann]4 #af4 ,tight5 cov]1 except vacuum-seal j>1 :i* seals automatically4 #ag4 ,te/ jo9t4 #ah4 ,?ree or f\r days lat]1 if p]fectly air-tight1 label & /ore 9 a d>k place4 ,^! /eps are foll[$ = /rawb]ries1 blackb]ries1 blueb]ries1 dewb]ries1 huckleb]ries1 gooseb]ries1 raspb]ries1 & = all s(t fruits1 su* z *]ries1 currants1 grapes & figs4 ,! o!r s(t fruits1 su* z pea*es & apricots1 :i* h a sk91 are scald$ or hot dipp$ = "o to two m9utes 9 boil+ wat] or /eam & are !n plung$ into cold wat]4 ,^! two /eps ( hot-dipp+ & cold dipp+ make ! removal ( sk9s a v simple op]ation4 ,aft] ! sk9s are remov$ ! fruit is put into ! hot j>s & ! process cont9u$ f ,/ep #h1 z ) /rawb]ries4 ,,sirups ,( c\rse y are wond]+ ab\t ! sirups = ! diff]5t fruits4 ,!re is no set rule = mak+ sirup4 ,x is n necess>y to use sirup 9 cann+ fruits4 ,! am\nt ( sug> us$ 9 ! sirup w dep5d ^u ! individual ta/e4 ,9 a fir/-class product !re %\ld be en\gh sirup to improve its flavor1 b n en\gh to make x take ! place 9 ! diet ( a sweet pres]ve r ?an a fre% fruit4 ,! sirups are made ei!r ) v>y+ proportions ( sug> & wat] or ) ! same proportions boil$ diff]5t l5g?s ( "t4 ,:at is kn[n z ! ,cali=nia sirup is made ) ?ree p>ts ( sug> to two p>ts ( wat]1 boil$ g5tly to diff]5t conc5trations4 ,?9 ,sirup4 ,= a ?9 sirup take ?ree cups ( sug> & two cups ( wat]4 ,mix sug> & heat until ! sug> is dissolv$4 ,?is is us$ = all sweet fruits n too delicate 9 texture & color1 z apples1 *]ries1 pe>s1 or = fruits 9 :i* m sug> w be add$ 9 prep>ation = ! table4 ,m$ium ,?9 ,sirup4 ,! sug> & wat] %\ld be boil$ ab\t f\r m9utes1 or until x beg9s to be sirupy4 ,?is is us$ = raspb]ries1 pea*es1 blackb]ries1 currants1 etc4 ,m$ium ,?ick ,sirup4 ,boil ! sug> & wat] until x w pile up ov] ! edge ( ! spoon :5 x is tipp$4 ,?is is us$ = s\r or acid fruits1 z plums1 gooseb]ries1 apricots1 s\r apples1 & "s ( ! delicately color$ fruits1 z /rawb]ries4 ,?ick ,sirup4 ,! sug> & wat] are boil$ until x w =m a ball 9 ! spoon & _c be p\r$ f ! spoon4 ,?is is us$ = pres]ves4 ,x is possible to get m1 sometimes almo/ twice z mu*1 sirup into a qu>t j> conta9+ l>ge fruits1 z apples & pe>s1 ?an into a qu>t j> conta9+ small fruits1 z currants or blackb]ries4 ,!re is a little knack wor? kn[+ ab\t comb9+ ! sug> & wat] = ! sirup4 ,if ! sug> is sift$ into ! boil+ wat] j z f9e-gra9$ c]eals are sift$ into wat]1 !re w be no scum =m$4 ,?is is a sav+ ( sug>4 ,if y wi% to c /rawb]ries = ! m>ket or to w9 a prize at ! c\nty or /ate fairs1 c !m z foll[s3 ,cann$ by ?is recipe1 /rawb]ries w n rise to ! top ( ! sirup4 ,use only fre%1 ripe1 firm & s\nd b]ries4 ,prep>e !m1 & add eight ounces ( sug> & two tablespoonfuls ( wat] to ea* qu>t ( b]ries4 ,boil sl[ly = fifte5 m9utes 9 an enamel$ or acid-pro( kettle4 ,all[ ! b]ries to cool & rema9 sev]al h\rs or ov]-night 9 ! cov]$ kettle4 ,pack ! cold b]ries 9 hot glass j>s4 ,put rubb]s & caps ( j>s 9 position1 n tight4 ,/]ilize = ! l5g? ( "t giv5 bel[ = ! type ( outfit us$3 ,,m9utes ,wat] ba?1 homemade or comm]cial #h ,wat] seal1 #bad degrees #f #e p\nds /eam pressure #e #aj p\nds /eam pressure4 ,d n use4 ,remove ! j>s1 tight5 ! cov]s1 inv]t ! j>s to cool & te/ ! jo9ts4 ,wrap ! j>s ) pap] to prev5t blea*+4 ,,*apt] ,,iii ,,h>d ,,fruits ,,p9eapples ,! object ( cann+ citrus fruits is1 fir/1 to save ! surplus & by-products2 second1 to furni% :olesome fruits at reasonable co/ to m ( our p2 ?ird1 to help ! produc] to trans=m by-products into net pr(its4 ,almo/ e "o likes cann$ p9eapple1 b "s h\sewives /opp$ cann+ ?is fruit because !y f\nd t :5 cook$ 9 sirup x seem$ to get t\gh & less palatable4 ,vegetable & fruit fib]s are t\gh5$ :5 cook$ ) sug> = any l5g? ( "t1 s 9 all cases :]e y desire to keep ! product z ,nature grew x avoid ?is =m ( cook+4 ,:5 ! product is put into ! j>s ) a sirup & cook$ 9 ! j> y w h a product sup]ior to ! "o t is cook$ ov] ! direct fire 9 ! kettle ) ! sirup4 ,b p9eapple slices or pieces are s h>d !y _c be put directly into ! j>s z b]ries are4 ,p9eapples mu/ und]go a prelim9>y process to make !m palatable & s(t4 ,?is prelim9>y process is kn[n 9 cann+ z blan*+4 ,aft] ! p9eapple has be5 prep>$ by p>+ & remov+ ! eyes1 x c be left 9 slices or cut into cubes4 ,9 cutt+ hold ! p9eapple at ! top & use a %>p knife4 ,x is !n plac$ 9 a wire basket or a piece ( *eeseclo? = ! blan*+4 ,blan*+ means to imm]se ! product 9 boil+ wat] = a c]ta9 l5g? ( "t to r$uce its bulk & s(t5 x4 ,p9eapples are blan*$ = five m9utes4 ,we scald pea*es & apricots1 :i* are s(t fruits2 b we blan* p9eapples1 apples & qu9ces1 ! h>d fruits4 ,scald+ means to imm]se ! product 9 boil+ wat] = a v %ort "t--j long en\gh to loos5 ! sk9s4 ,blan*+ is j a long] p]iod ( scald+4 ,:5 y blan* p9eapples use only en\gh wat] to cov] !m4 ,?is same blan*+ wat] c be us$ = mak+ ! sirup4 ,x conta9s mu* ( ! p9eapple flavor & !re is no reason = disc>d+ x4 ,b ?is is absolutely ! only blan*+ wat] t is ev] us$4 ,all o!r blan*+ wat]1 p>ticul>ly t 9 :i* vegetables are blan*$1 is full ( objectionable acids t we want to get rid (1 s "u no circum/ances mu/ x be us$4 ,b ) p9eapples ! object ( blan*+ is prim>ily to s(t5 ! h>d fib]1 s !re is no objection to us+ ! blan*+ wat]4 ,aft] ! p9eapple has be5 9 ! cov]$ kettle ( boil+ wat] = five m9utes1 x is held "u cold wat] until cool en\gh to h&le4 ,nev] let x soak 9 cold wat]1 z t w impair its delicate flavor4 ,aft] ?is x is pack$ into hot /]iliz$ j>s4 ,rubb] r+s are put on ! j>s1 ! cov]s are put 9 place--n tight--& ! j>s are put 9 ! cann]4 ,p9eapple is /]iliz$ = ?irty m9utes 9 a hot-wat]-ba? outfit2 ?irty m9utes 9 a cond5s$ /eam outfit2 tw5ty-five m9utes 9 ! wat]-seal2 tw5ty-five m9utes 9 ! /eam pressure "u five p\nds ( /eam1 & eighte5 m9utes 9 ! pressure cook] "u t5 p\nds ( pressure4 ,at ! end ( ! /]iliz+ p]iod ! j>s are remov$1 ! cov]s completely tight5$ & ! jo9ts c>efully te/$ = leakage4 ,a ?9 or m$ium-?9 sirup is be/ = p9eapples4 ,measure ! blan*+ wat] & to e two cups ( x add ?ree cups ( sug>4 ,if y wi% ! sirup ?9 heat until ! sug> is dissolv$4 ,if m$ium-?9 sirup is desir$1 boil x ab\t f\r m9utes or until x beg9s to be sirupy4 ,,/eps ,,9 ,,cann+ ,,p9eapple #a4 ,cut ! p9eapple into slices ( desir$ ?ickness4 #b4 ,p>e ! slices4 ,x is easi] to p>e ! slices ?an to p>e ! :ole p9eapple4 #c4 ,remove ! eyes1 us+ p9eapple scissors to facilitate ! "w4 #d4 ,blan* p9eapple = five m9utes 9 a small am\nt ( boil+ wat]1 us+ a wire basket or *eeseclo?4 #e4 ,cold-dip ! p9eapple4 #f4 ,make a sirup1 us+ ! blan*+ wat]4 ,make a ?9 or m$ium-?9 sirup4 #g4 ,pack ! p9eapple into hot /]iliz$ j>s1 ) good rubb]s on !m4 #h4 ,p\r ! sirup ov] ! p9eapple4 #i4 ,put ! tops ( ! j>s on--n tight4 #aj4 ,/]ilize = #cj m9utes 9 hot-wat]-ba? outfit1 #cj m9utes 9 cond5s$-/eam outfit1 #be m9utes 9 wat]-seal outfit1 #be m9utes 9 /eam pressure 7#e p\nds71 #ah m9utes 9 pressure cook] 7#aj p\nds74 #aa4 ,remove f cann]1 tight5 cov]s & inspect rubb] & jo9ts4 ,,apples ,"h are six ways 9 :i* cann$ apples may be us$3 z a breakfa/ di%1 ) cream & sug>2 bak$ l fre% apples2 9 apple salad1 (t5 s]v$ = lun* or supp]2 z a reli% ) roa/ pork--! apples may be fri$ 9 ! pork fat or ! cores may be cook$ ) roa/ pork = flavor+2 & = apple dumpl+s1 deep apple pie & o!r dess]ts 9 :i* :ole apples are desirable4 ,! sirup ( cann$ :ole apples c be us$ = pudd+ sauces or fruit dr9ks4 ,apples are ano!r h>d fruit :i* require blan*+1 z x greatly improves _! texture & appe>ance4 ,apples & "s o!r fruits1 su* z pe>s & qu9ces1 h a t5d5cy to turn br[n :5 all[$ to /& aft] !y are cut4 ,to prev5t _! discolor+ ! pieces may be dropp$ into mild salt wat] z !y are p>$ & slic$4 ,let !m /& = five m9utes1 !n wa% !m 9 cle> wat] & pack4 ,use a ?9 sirup = cann+ apples4 ,summ] apples are n firm en\gh to keep well :5 cann$4 ,!y cook up & lose flavor4 ,!y may1 h[ev]1 be cann$ to be us$ 9 a %ort "t4 ,w9dfall apples may be p>$1 cor$ & slic$1 us+ wat]1 & only a small quantity ( t1 in/ead ( sirup1 & cann$ = pies4 ,to be able to c w9dfall & cull apples & ?us h !m = home use ?r\gh ! entire ye> is a great advantage to all f>m]s :o gr[ !m4 ,!y c be sold on ! m>ket cann$ :5 !y w\ld n br+ a c5t 9 ! fre% /ate4 ,! w9dfall & cull apples may be divid$ into two grades4 ,! fir/ grade w\ld include ! :ole reasonably s\nd fruit2 ! second grade ! worm-eat51 p>tially decay$ & injur$ fruit4 ,d n c any injur$ or decay$ "p nor all[ apples to become ov]ripe be=e cann+4 ,cann+ ,:ole ,reasonably ,firm ,apples4 ,wa% ! apples4 ,remove cores & blemi%es4 ,place :ole apples 9 blan*+ tray or blan*+ clo? & blan* 9 boil+ hot wat] = "o or two m9utes4 ,remove & plunge quickly into cold wat]4 ,pack 9 l>ge glass j>s4 ,p\r ov] ! product a hot ?9 sirup4 ,place rubb] & top 9 position4 ,seal p>tially--n tight4 ,/]ilize j>s tw5ty m9utes 9 hot-wat]-ba? outfit & 9 cond5s$ /eam1 fifte5 m9utes 9 wat]-seal1 t5 m9utes 9 /eam-pressure outfit ) five p\nds ( /eam pressure1 five m9utes 9 alum9um pressure-cook] outfit1 "u t5 p\nds ( /eam pressure4 ,remove j>s1 tight5 cov]s1 inv]t to cool & te/ jo9ts4 ,firm & t>t apples may be cor$ & peel$ fir/1 !n cann$ by ! above recipe4 ,cann+ ,apples = ,pie ,fill+4 ,use second grade ( w9dfalls or culls4 ,wa%1 core1 p>e & remove all decay$ spots4 ,slice apple quickly into a bas9 conta9+ slightly salt$ cold wat]--ab\t "o tablespoon ( salt p] gallon--to prev5t discolor+4 ,pack fre% cold product 9 glass j>s4 ,add "o cupful ( hot ?9 sirup to ea* qu>t ( fruit4 ,put on ! rubb]s & screw on tops1 b d n seal completely4 ,/]ilize twelve m9utes 9 hot-wat] ba? or cond5s$-/eam outfit2 t5 m9utes 9 wat]-seal outfit2 six m9utes "u five p\nds ( /eam pressure2 f\r m9utes 9 alum9um pressure cook]4 ,remove j>s1 tight5 cov]s1 inv]t to cool & te/ jo9t4 ,/ore4 ,?is fill+ c be us$ = mak+ apple pies 9 ! same way t fre% apples w\ld be us$1 ) ! exception t ! sirup mu/ be p\r$ (f & less sug> %\ld be us$4 ,s9ce ! apples h already be5 cook$1 only en\gh heat is ne$$ to cook ! cru/ & to w>m ! apples ?r\gh4 ,pies may be bak$ 9 sev5 m9utes4 ,! apple pies made ) ^! apples are1 9 ! op9ion ( _m h\sekeep]s1 z good z ^? made ) fre% fruit1 & !y c be made 9 less "t & are less exp5sive4 ,! only diff]5ce betwe5 cann+ apples = pies & salads or :ole is t :5 want$ = pies ! apples %\ld be slic$ imm$iately aft] plac+ 9 cold slightly salt$ wat]4 ,cann+ ,qu>t]$ ,apples = ,fruit ,salads4 ,select be/-grade culls ( firm & r t>t v>ieties4 ,core1 p>e & qu>t]4 ,drop into bas9 conta9+ slightly salt$ cold wat]4 ,pack ^! qu>t]$ pieces tightly 9 j>s4 ,add a cup ( hot ?9 sirup to ea* qu>t4 ,place rubb] & top 9 position1 p>tially seal--n tight4 ,/]ilize twelve m9utes 9 hot-wat] ba? & cond5s$-/eam outfits2 t5 m9utes 9 wat]-seal outfit2 six m9utes "u five p\nds ( /eam pressure2 f\r m9utes 9 alum9um pressure cook]4 ,remove j>s1 tight5 cov]s1 inv]t to cool & te/ jo9ts4 ,/ore4 ,,oranges ,cann+ ,:ole ,oranges & ,o!r ,citrus ,fruits4 ,select w9dfall or pack+-plant culls4 ,use no uns\nd or decay$ fruit4 ,remove sk9 & :ite fib] on surface4 ,blan* fruit 9 boil+ wat] "o & a half m9utes4 ,dip quickly 9 cold wat]4 ,pack conta9]s full4 ,add boil+ hot ?9 sirup4 ,place rubb] & cap 9 position & p>tially seal--n tight4 ,/]ilize twelve m9utes 9 hot-wat]-ba? & cond5s$-/eam outfits2 eight m9utes 9 wat]-seal outfit2 six m9utes 9 /eam-pressure outfit "u five p\nds ( /eam2 f\r m9utes 9 alum9um pressure-cook] outfit4 ,remove j>s1 tight5 cov]s1 inv]t to cool & te/ jo9ts4 ,wrap glass j>s ) pap] to prev5t blea*+1 & /ore4 ,cann+ ,slic$ ,oranges = ,salad ,purposes4 ,! oranges may be divid$ into _! natural sections or slic$ ) a knife4 ,pack j>s or conta9]s full4 ,p\r ov] product hot ?9 sirup4 ,place rubb] & cap 9 position4 ,p>tially seal--n tight4 ,/]ilize t5 m9utes 9 hot-wat]-ba? & cond5s$-/eam outfits2 six m9utes 9 wat]-seal outfit2 five m9utes 9 /eam-pressure outfit ) five p\nds ( /eam2 f\r m9utes 9 alum9um pressure-cook] outfit "u t5 p\nds ( /eam4 ,remove j>s1 tight5 cov]s1 inv]t to cool & te/ ! jo9ts4 ,wrap j>s ) pap] to prev5t blea*+1 & /ore4 ,,pe>s1 ,,qu9ces ,,& ,,rhub>b ,pe>s are prep>$ & cann$ j z ! :ole firm apples are1 be+ blan*$ a m9ute & a half1 cold-dipp$ & /]iliz$ = ! same l5g? ( "t z apples4 ,qu9ces are s v h>d !y mu/ be blan*$ l p9eapples1 b = a long] "t4 ,six m9utes' blan*+ is usually suffici5t = qu9ces4 ,! /]iliz+ p]iod c be det]m9$ by look+ at ! *>t4 ,if sk9s are left on rhub>b x keeps its p9k color4 ,! hot dip is n necess>y & may be omitt$4 ,x removes "s ( ! excessive acid 9 ! rhub>b :i* makes x objectionable to "s p4 ,be v c>eful n to hot-dip ! rhub>b m ?an "o m9ute1 = x gets mu%y4 ,an advantage ( ! hot dip is t m rhub>b c be pack$ 9 a j> aft] x has be5 hot-dipp$4 ,,:at ,a ,,bu%el ,,( ,,fruit ,,w ,,yield ,a great _m wom5 h no conception ( h[ _m j>s ( fruit !y w get f a bu%el or half bu%el ( produce4 ,x is wise to h a little k along ?is l9e1 = x aids 9 plann+ ! w9t]'s supply ( cann$ goods z well z at m>ket+ "t4 ,f "o bu%el ( ! v>i\s fruits y w get on ! av]age ! foll[+3 ,,products1 #a ,,bu%el ,,p9t ,,j>s ,,qu>t ,,j>s ,w9dfall apples #cj #bj ,/&>d pea*es #be #ah ,pe>s #de #cj ,plums #de #cj ,b]ries #ej #cj ,w9dfall oranges--slic$ #bb #ae ,w9dfall oranges--:ole #ce #bb ,,cann+ ,,)\t ,,sug> ,?\gh all in/ructions indicate t sug> is necess>y = ! cann+ ( all k9ds ( fruits1 x is n necess>y = _! prop] /]ilization & pres]vation4 ,any fruit may be successfully /]iliz$ by simply add+ boil+ wat] in/ead ( ! hot sirup4 ,x is a well-kn[n fact1 h[ev]1 t mo/ fruits cann$ 9 wat] w n reta9 s well _! natural flavor1 texture & color z fruit cann$ 9 sirup4 ,:5 ! product is to be us$ = pies1 salads1 & s on x is n necess>y to c 9 sirup4 ,:5 fruits cann$ 9 wat] are to be us$ = sauces1 ! products %\ld be sweet5$ be=e use4 ,9 _m in/ances x requires m sug> to sweet5 a sauce aft] cann+ ?an x does :5 ! product is cann$ 9 ! hot sirup4 ,h[ev]1 dur+ ! ,_w ,w> we _h a good *ance to te/ ! fruits :i* we cann$ )\t sug>1 :5 t commodity 0 sc>ce &1 9 fact1 impossible to get 9 v l>ge quantities4 ,we us$ our fruits j z !y 7 & consid]$ !m v good4 ,?is all goes to %[ t we c easily adju/ ourselves to prevail+ conditions4 ,9 cann+ )\t ! sug> sirup1 y w\ld foll[ ^! directions3 ,cull1 /em or se$1 & clean fruit by plac+ 9 a /ra9] & p\r+ wat] ov] x until clean4 ,pack product ?or\ghly 9 glass j>s until full2 use table knife or tablespoon = pack+ purposes4 ,p\r ov] ! fruit boil+ wat] f kettle1 place rubb]s & caps 9 position1 p>tially seal glass j>s & place produce 9 cann]4 ,if us+ hot-wat]-ba? outfit /]ilize f tw5ty to ?irty m9utes4 ,aft] /]iliz+ remove packs1 seal glass j>s1 wrap 9 pap] to prev5t blea*+1 & /ore 9 a dry cool place4 ,:5 us+ a /eam-pressure cann] in/ead ( ! hot-wat] ba? /]ilize = t5 m9utes ) five p\nds ( /eam pressure4 ,nev] all[ ! pressure to g ov] t5 p\nds :5 y are cann+ s(t fruits4 ,,:5 ,,to ,,c ,inexp]i5c$ cann]s may n "k :5 c]ta9 fruits are 9 season & at _! prime = cann+4 ,! li/ bel[ is necess>ily subject to *ange1 z seasons v>y f ye> to ye>2 b 9 normal ye>s ?is table w\ld hold true = ! ,nor!rn ,/ates4 ,apples ,septemb] ,apricots ,augu/ ,blackb]ries ,augu/ ,*]ries ,july ,currants ,july ,gooseb]ries ,july ,grapes ,septemb] ,huckleb]ries ,july ,pea*es ,augu/-,septemb] ,pe>s ,septemb] ,p9eapple ,june ,plums ,augu/ ,qu9ces ,septemb] ,raspb]ries ,july ,rhub>b ,all summ] ,/rawb]ries ,may-,june ,= y\r cann+ y w ne$ z y\r guide ! *>ts on ! pages :i* foll[4 ,!y are v simple & w tell y h[ to prep>e all ! v>i\s fruits1 :e!r or n !y are to be blan*$1 & if s exactly h[ _m m9utes1 & h[ long to cook or /]ilize ! products1 accord+ to ! outfit y are us+4 ,,*>t ,,= ,,cann+ ,,s(t ,,fruits ,,& ,,b]ries ,a ,,numb] ,,( ,,m9utes ,,to ,,blan* ,,or ,,hot-,,dip ,b ,,9 ,,hot ,,wat] ,,ba? ,,outfit ,,at #bab;,f ,c ,,9 ,,cond5s$ ,,/eam ,,outfit ,d ,,9 ,,wat]-,,seal ,,outfit #bad;,f ,e ,,9 ,,/eam ,,pressure #e ,,to #aj ,,p\nds ,f ,,9 ,,pressure ,,cook] #aj ,,p\nds ,,numb] ,,( ,,m9utes ,,to ,,/]ilize ,,k9d ,,( ,a ,b ,c ,d ,e ,f ,,rem>ks ,,fruit_/,,prep>ation ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,,apricots3 ,to remove#a to #b #af #af #ab #aj #e ,use sk9s hot-dip & m$ium-?ick cold-dip4 ,c be sirup cann$ ) ! sk9s4 ,pits give a good flavor ,,blackb]ries3 ,pick ,none #af #af #ab #aj #e ,use m$ium-?9 ov]1 wa% & /em sirup ,,blueb]ries3 ,pick ,none #af #af #ab #aj #e ,use m$ium-?9 ov]1 wa% & /em sirup ,,*]ries3 ,wa%1 ,none #af #af #ab #aj #e ,use m$ium-?9 remove /ems1 & sirup if s\r2 remove pits if ?9 sirup if desir$4 ,if pitt$ sweet save ! juice ,,currants3 ,wa% & ,none #af #af #ab #aj #e ,use m$ium-?9 pick f /ems sirup ,,cranb]ries3 ,wa% ,none #af #af #ab #aj #e ,use m$ium-?9 & /em sirup ,,dewb]ries3 ,wa% ,none #af #af #ab #aj #e ,use m$ium-?9 & /em sirup ,,figs3 ,wa% & /em ,none #af #af #ab #aj #e ,figs c be hot- dipp$ = a m9ute or two if desir$4 ,hot-dipp+ %r9ks ! figs s m c be pack$ 9 a j> ,,gooseb]ries ,wa% ,none #af #af #ab #aj #e ,use & snip (f /ems m$ium-?ick & blossom ends sirup ,,grapes ,wa% & ,none #af #af #ab #aj #e ,use m$ium-?9 pick f /ems sirup ,,huckleb]ries ,wa% ,none #af #af #ab #aj #e ,use m$ium-?9 & /em sirup ,,pea*es ,blan* & #a-b #af #af #ab 99#aj ,x 99,use only #e cold-dip1 !n p\nds remove sk9s4 pressure4 ,if pea*es are cann$ "u m ?an #e p\nds ( pressure !y become flavorless & ,,plums ,wa%2 /ones #a-b #af #af #ab #aj #e ,= sweet plums may be remov$ if use ?9 or desir$4 m$ium-?9 sirup2 = s\r plums use m$ium-?9 sirup ,,raspb]ries pick ,none #af #af #ab #aj #e ,use m$ium-?9 ov]1 wa% & /em sirup ,,rhub>b ,wa%1 cut #a #af #af #ab #aj #e ,be v c>eful into in* pieces4 n to hot-dip ,use %>p knife ! rhub>b m ?an "o m9ute1 = x gets mu%y ,,/rawb]ries ,pick ,none #af #af #ab #aj #e ,use ov]1 wa% & hull m$ium-?ick sirup ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,,h>d ,,fruits ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,,apples ,p>e1 core #a to #bj #bj #ae #aj #e ,use ?9 sirup & cut into halves #b or small] pieces ,,pe>s ,wa%1 p>e or #a #bj #bj #ae #aj #e ,use ?9 sirup n z desir$4 ,small pe>s may be cann$ :ole or qu>t]$ ,,p9eapple ,cut into #e #cj #cj #be #be #ah ,use ?9 or slices or in* m$ium-?9 cubes4 ,! cores sirup c be remov$ ,,qu9ces ,remove #f #dj #dj #cj #be #bj ,apples1 pe>s sk9s & cores4 & qu9ces ,cut into conv5i5t %\ld be slices dropp$ into salt wat] to keep fruit f turn+ br[n4 ,use salt 9 ! proportion ( "o tablespoonful ,,w9dfall ,,apples ,,= to "o gallon ( wat]4 ,use ?9 ,,pie ,,fill+ ,cut ,none #ab #ab #aj #f #d ,c 9 wat] into halves ,,qu>t]$ ,,apples ,none #ab #ab #aj #f #d ,c 9 wat] ,,= ,,salad & save ! sug> = o!r purposes ,,crab ,,apples ,p>e ,none #af #af #h #e #e ,c 9 wat] or & core use ?9 sirup ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,,citrus ,,fruits ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,,oranges1 ,,:ole #a #ab #ab #h #f #d ,add boil+ ,remove sk9s & ?9 sirup :ite fib] or surface1 !n blan* ,,lemons1 ,,:ole #a #ab #ab #h #f #d ,add boil+ ,remove sk9s & ?9 sirup :ite fib] or surface1 !n blan* ,,grapefruit1 ,,:ole #a #ab #ab #h #f #d ,add boil+ ,remove sk9s & ?9 sirup :ite fib] or surface1 !n blan* ,,orange ,,& ,,o!r ,none #aj #aj #f #e #d ,use ?9 sirup ,,citrus ,,fruits1 ,,slic$ ,slice ) a %>p knife ,,fruits ,,cann$ ,,9 #cj #cj #bj #ab #aj ,,wat] ,,)\t ,,sug> ,,sirup ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,,note4--,:5 cook+ products 9 p9t or half-p9t j>s d$uct ?ree or f\r m9utes f ! "t giv5 above4 ,:5 cook+ 9 two-qu>t j>s add #c or #d m9utes to "t4 ,! e/imates giv5 are = qu>t j>s4 ,,*apt] ,,iv ,,vegetables ,x is practical to c all vegetables1 ev5 su* difficult ones z corn1 peas & beans1 by ! cold-pack me?od ( cann+ )\t us+ any pres]vatives1 if y w foll[ all directions1 in/ructions & ! "t-table accurately4 ,vegetable cann+ is a little m complicat$ ?an fruit cann+4 ,,tomatoes ,e "o likes cann$ tomatoes4 ,9 _m homes m tomatoes are cann$ ?an any o!r product4 ,! h\sewife uses !m = s\ps1 = sauces & = season+ _m meat di%es4 ,"s wom5 say3 ,i c pres]ve ev]y?+ b tomatoes4 ,!y always spoil4 ,:at d ,i d wrong8 ,if ! foll[+ directions are foll[$ tomatoes w n spoil4 ,tomatoes really are ! easie/ vegetable to c1 because ! p]iod ( /]ilization is %ort1 & _m j>s may be cann$ 9 a day1 or if "o is v busy a few j>s may be cann$ daily )\t ! exp5diture ( a great deal ( "t4 ,! be/ tomatoes = cann+ are ^? ( mod]ate size1 smoo? & uni=mly ripe4 ,:5 a tomato rip5s unev5ly or :5 x is mis%ap51 x is difficult to peel1 & ! p]c5tage ( wa/e is high4 ,tomatoes %\ld n be pick$ :5 !y are gre5 or p>tly ripe1 = ! flavor w n be s good z :5 !y are all[$ to rema9 ^u ! v9es until fully ripe4 ,c>e %\ld be tak51 h[ev]1 n to all[ !m to become ov]ripe be=e cann+4 ,9 no in/ance %\ld a tomato ) a rott5 spot be cann$1 ev5 ?\gh ! spot is cut out1 = ! occasional spoil$ j> result+ f ?is attempt$ sav+ w co/ m ?an ! p>tly spoil$ tomatoes are wor?4 ,if ! h\sewife w c only uni=mly ripe1 s\nd tomatoes1 sav+ ! small1 unev5 b s\nd fruit = tomato pure1 %e w h a mu* bett]-look+ pack & great] food value at ! close ( ! season4 ,yell[ tomatoes may be cann$ 9 ! same mann] z are ! m common r$ v>ieties1 except t x is n necess>y to remove ! cores4 ,fir/ ( all1 grade = rip5ess1 size & quality2 ?is is to insure a high-grade product4 ,we c\ld1 ( c\rse1 c diff]5t sizes & %ades toge!r1 b uni=m products are m pleas+ to ! eye & w /]ilize mu* m ev5ly4 ,if ! products are ( ! same rip5ess & quality1 ! entire pack w receive ! prop] degree ( cook+4 ,wa% ! tomatoes4 ,h ready a kettle ( boil+ wat]4 ,put ! tomatoes 9 a wire basket1 or lay !m on a piece ( *eeseclo? or a t[el1 twi/ ! ends toge!r to =m a sack1 & let ?is d[n into ! kettle4 ,x is a good plan to slip a rubb] b& r\nd ! neck ( ?is sack to hold ! ends 9 place4 ,! ends %\ld be long en\gh to /& up out ( ! wat] & s avoid dang] ( burn+ ! f+]s :5 remov+ ! product4 ,h ! wat] boil+ h>d4 ,l[] ! tomatoes into ! boil+ wat]4 ,?is is call$ scald+ ! tomatoes4 ,we scald ! tomatoes to loos5 ! sk94 ,if ! tomatoes are v ripe1 "o m9ute scald+ w be suffici5t4 ,! av]age l5g? ( "t = tomatoes1 j p]fect = cann+1 is "o & a half m9utes4 ,d n leave ! tomatoes 9 ! hot wat] until ! sk9s break1 z ?is gives !m a fuzzy appe>ance4 ,! scald+ kettle always %\ld be cov]$1 to keep 9 all ! heat possible4 ,beg9 to "t f ! m9ute ! product is imm]s$ 9 ! boil+ wat]4 ,if y wait until ! wat] comes back to a boil1 y w scald ! product too long & h mu%y tomatoes4 ,lift ! tomatoes out ( ! hot wat] & plunge !m imm$iately into cold wat]1 or hold !m "u ! cold-wat] faucet4 ,! cold-dip makes !m easi] to h&le1 sep>ates ! sk9 f ! pulp1 firms ! texture1 & coagulates ! color+ matt] s x /ays ne> ! surface1 giv+ !m a ri*1 r$ color4 ,!n ! %ock due to ! sudd5 *ange f hot to cold & back to hot aga9 seems to help kill ! spores4 ,d n let ! product /& 9 ! cold-dip4 ,! wat] becomes lukew>m1 s(t5s ! product & all[s bact]ia to develop4 ,take ! tomato 9 ! left h& & ) a %>p knife cut out ! core4 ,be c>eful n to cut into ! fle%y portion or se$ cells1 = ?is w scatt] ! se$s & pulp ?r\gh ! liquid1 injur+ ! appe>ance ( ! product4 ,cut out ! core be=e remov+ ! sk91 = ! sk9 w protect ! pulp & !re w be less dang] ( break+ ! tomato4 ,if ! tomatoes are ripe & h be5 scald$ prop]ly1 ! sk9 c be slipp$ (f ) ! f+]s4 ,! j>s1 rubb]s & tops %\ld be ready4 ,glass j>s %\ld be hot1 s !re w be no dang] ( breakage 9 sett+ !m 9 ! hot wat]1 & s !y w n cool ! wat] 9 ! cook] bel[ ! boil+ po9t4 ,pack ! tomatoes :ole1 press+ & %ak+ !m well d[n toge!r1 b n us+ =ce en\gh to cru% !m4 ,n[ we come to a po9t :]e tomatoes are diff]5t f mo/ vegetables4 ,beans1 c>rots1 peas1 & s on1 h hot wat] add$ to !m4 ,b z a l>ge "p ( ! tomato is wat]1 no m is ne$$4 ,ano!r exception :]e no wat] is ne$$ is ) ! gre5s family4 ,s ) tomatoes we add no wat]1 b add "o teaspoonful ( salt & "o teaspoonful ( sug>1 j = season+1 to e qu>t j>4 ,i ?9k t tomatoes always are improv$ by ! addition ( a little sug>1 b ?is is n necess>y & c be omitt$1 z also c be ! salt4 ,! salt 9 cann+ does n act z a pres]vative1 b z season+2 s if = any reason y =get ! salt1 d n be al>m$4 ,y\r products w keep p]fectly )\t ! salt4 ,,! ,,way ,,to ,,seal ,! products are 9 ! hot j>s n[4 ,! j>s d n ne$ to be full 9 ord] to keep4 ,if y 7 cann+ by ! op5-kettle me?od1 ! air 9 ! p>tly fill$ j> w\ld n h be5 /]iliz$1 & might conta9 ! bact]ia :i* cause ! product to f]m5t or mold4 ,b by ! cold pack1 ! air 9 ! c is /]iliz$ :ile ! product is be+ /]iliz$2 & if ! c is clos$ imm$iately aft] cook+1 a s+le spoonful may be cann$ 9 a two-qu>t j> & ! product w keep indef9itely4 ,place ,rubb] & ,cov] on ,j>4 ,fit ! rubb]4 ,use good rubb]s & see t !y lie flat & fit close up to ! c4 ,put ! cov]s 9 place4 ,d ,n ,seal ,glass ,j>s ,tight4 ,if us+ screw-top j>s screw ea* cov] d[n until x cat*es1 !n turn a qu>t] ( a r\nd back2 or screw d[n ) ! ?umb & little f+]1 n us+ =ce b /opp+ :5 ! cov] cat*es4 ,if us+ vacuum-seal j>s put ! cov] on & ! spr+ 9 place4 ,! spr+ w give en\gh to all[ ! /eam to escape4 ,if us+ glass-top j>s1 ) ! pat5t wire snap1 put ! cov] 9 place1 ! wire ov] ! top & ! clamp up4 ,! cov] on a glass j> mu/ n be tight :ile process+1 because ! air w exp& :5 heat$1 & if ! cov] is n loose en\gh to all[ ! /eam to escape1 ! pressure may bl[ ! rubb] out or break ! j>4 ,:5 cann+ 9 t9 we cap & tip ! cans at once4 ,! t9 w bulge out1 b is /rong en\gh to )/& ! pressure1 & :5 ! cont5ts cool ! c w come back into %ape4 ,! j>s are n[ ready = ! cann]4 ,tomatoes /]iliz$ "u boil+ wat] require tw5ty-two m9utes2 9 cond5s$-/eam cook]1 tw5ty-two m9utes2 9 wat]-seal1 eighte5 m9utes2 9 /eam-pressure1 ) five p\nds1 fifte5 m9utes1 & 9 ! pressure cook]1 at t5 or fifte5 p\nds1 t5 m9utes4 ,if y use ! homemade outfit or any wat]-ba? outfit be sure ! wat] is boil+ :5 ! j>s ( tomatoes are l[]$ into ! cann]4 ,"t lo/ 9 br++ ! cont5ts to ! po9t ( /]ilization s(t5s ! tomatoes & results 9 inf]ior goods4 ,use ! ord9>y good s5se ) :i* y h be5 end[$ 9 h&l+ ! j>s & y w h no breakage4 ,at ! end ( ! /]iliz+ p]iod1 remove ! j>s4 ,9 tak+ cann$ goods f boil+ hot wat]1 c>e is ne$$ to see t !y are protect$ f drafts4 ,if necess>y close ! w9d[s & doors :ile lift+ ! j>s out1 = a sudd5 draft might break !m4 ,exam9e rubb]s to see t !y are 9 place4 ,sometimes1 if ! cov]s are screw$ d[n too tight1 ! pressure ( ! /eam f ! inside causes ! rubb] to bulge out4 ,simply loos5 ! cov] a ?read or two1 pu% ! rubb] back into place & !n tight54 ,9 case ! rubb] does n seem to fit well or seems to be a poor rubb]1 x %\ld be replac$ by a new "o & ! j> return$ to ! cook] = five m9utes4 ,! j>s %\ld be seal$ tight--cov]s screw$ d[n1 clamps put 9 place--imm$iately aft] !y are remov$ f ! cook]4 ,inv]t to te/ ! jo9t & cool4 ,if ! seal is n p]fect1 correct ! fault1 & return ! j> to ! cook] = five m9utes if hot1 t5 m9utes if j> is cold4 ,d n inv]t vacuum-seal j>s4 ,^! %\ld be all[$ to cool & !n te/$ by remov+ ! spr+ or clamp & lift+ ! j>s by ! cov] only4 ,lift ! j> only a half in*1 hold+ x ov] ! table s t1 9 case ! lid does n hold1 ! j> & cont5ts w n be damag$4 ,or1 bett] /ill1 tap r\nd ! edge ( ! cov] ) a rul]4 ,an imp]fect seal w cause a holl[ s\nd4 ,tomato ,pure4 ,small1 mis%ap51 unev5ly rip5$ tomatoes may be conv]t$ into tomato pure4 ,! tomatoes %\ld be wa%$1 run ?r\gh a col&] to remove sk9s & cores1 conc5trat$ by cook+ to ab\t half ! orig9al volume1 & pack$ 9 ! j>s4 ,rubb]s & tops %\ld !n be plac$ 9 position & ! product /]iliz$ = ! same l5g? ( "t z = cann$ tomatoes4 ,pure ev5 may be kept 9 bottles seal$ ) /]iliz$ corks & dipp$ sev]al times 9 p>aff94 ,,h[ ,,o!r ,,vegetables ,,are ,,cann$ ,all o!r vegetables are cann$ exactly l tomatoes1 ) two exceptions4 ,tomatoes are scald$4 ,all o!r vegetables are blan*$4 ,we scald tomatoes to loos5 ! sk9s & to />t ! fl[ ( ! color+ matt]1 :i* is lat] arre/$ or coagulat$ by ! cold-dip4 ,blan*+ is scald+1 only = a long] "t4 ,scald+ is nev] = m ?an two m9utes4 ,blan*+ cov]s f ?ree to ?irty m9utes4 ,we blan* beans1 peas1 corn1 cabbage1 c>rots1 beets1 turnips1 & s on1 = ?ree to t5 m9utes4 ,we blan* ^! vegetables to elim9ate any objectionable acids or bitt] flavors :i* may be pres5t1 & ?us improve ! flavor2 to r$uce ! bulk s we c pack clos]2 to />t ! fl[ ( ! color+ matt]2 to improve ! texture ( ! vegetables by mak+ !m m t5d]1 & to improve ! appe>ance by help+ to make cle> ! liquid 9 ! j>4 ,blan*+ is :at makes = success 9 ! cold-pack me?od ( cann+4 ,blan*+ is v important & mu/ be c>efully & accurately done4 ,let me repeat ab\t blan*+3 ,h ! kettle ( blan*+ wat] boil+ vigor\sly1 completely imm]se ! product 9 ! boil+ wat]1 cov] ! kettle imm$iately & beg9 to "t ! product4 ,d n /& ) ! cov] 9 h& & wait = ! wat] to come back to ! boil1 =1 ( c\rse1 x /opp$ boil+ = a second :5 y l[]$ into x ! cold product4 ,if y cov] ! kettle ! wat] w quickly reboil4 ,d n keep wond]+ if x is boil+ & take (f ! cov] to see4 ,all ^! may seem fooli% precautions1 b x is necess>y to foll[ directions accurately4 ,& rememb]1 all ?+s t are scald$ or blan*$ mu/ be foll[$ imm$iately by a cold plunge or cold-dip4 ,! scald+ or blan*+ is ! hot-dip1 & ?is mu/ be foll[$ by ! cold-dip4 ,y may be ask+1 :at is ! po9t ( ?is cold-dip8 ,x is a v logical "q4 ,we cold-dip a product to h>d5 ! pulp "u ! sk9 & ?us p]mit ! removal ( ! sk9 )\t injury to ! pulp2 to coagulate ! color+ matt] & make x h>d] to dissolve dur+ ! /]ilization p]iod & to make x easi] to h&le ! products 9 pack+1 & to subject ! product to a sudd5 %ock by quick *ange 9 temp]ature4 ,,/eps ,,9 ,,cann+ ,,vegetables ,if y w foll[ ^! /eps = all vegetable cann+ y _c help b be successful3 #a4 ,clean j>s & te/ rubb]s4 ,if rubb]s d n return to normal %ape aft] /ret*+1 d n use4 #b4 ,prep>e mat]ial to be cann$1 accord+ to directions giv5 on *>t4 #c4 ,hot-dip--blan* or scald--! prep>$ food4 ,?is process consi/s ( imm]s+ ! prep>$ product 9 boil+ wat] = diff]5t l5g?s ( "t1 accord+ to ! mat]ial to be cann$4 ,see *>t4 ,hot-dipp+ %r9ks ! product & enables "o to pack m mat]ial 9 a j>4 #d4 ,cold-dip ! mat]ial4 ,?is process consi/s ( plung+ ! blan*$ or scald$ food into cold wat]1 :i* makes x m easily h&l$4 ,be sure ! wat] is cold2 ! cold] ! bett]4 ,take ! product out imm$iately & let x dra94 ,don't let any food soak 9 ! cold wat]4 ,f ?is po9t on1 spe$ is highly important4 ,! blan*$ vegetables :i* are slightly w>m mu/ n be all[$ to rema9 out ( ! j>s a mom5t long] ?an is necess>y4 ,remove sk9s :5 requir$1 & z ea* article is p>$ cut x into pieces ( prop] size & #e4 ,pack directly into ! clean1 scald$ cans or j>s4 ,pack z solidly z possible1 be+ c>eful n to bruise or ma% s(t products4 ,pack ! product to )9 ?ree-eigh?s ( an in* ( ! top4 ,lima beans1 navy beans1 peas1 corn1 pumpk9 & sweet potatoes swell1 s pack !m )9 only "o in* ( ! top ( ! j>4 #f4 ,add season+4 ,"o teaspoonful salt to e qu>t j> ( vegetables1 & an equal am\nt ( sug> to tomatoes1 corn & peas if desir$4 #g4 ,add boil+ wat] to )9 a qu>t] in* ( top to all vegetables1 except tomatoes & gre5s4 ,tomatoes conta9 n9ety-f\r p] c5t wat]1 s none %\ld be add$4 ,tomato juice c be us$ if desir$4 ,gre5s are cann$ 9 j ! wat] t cl+s to ! leaves aft] ! cold-dip4 #h4 ,adju/ rubb] r+s & ! cov]s ( ! j>s2 p>tially seal4 #i4 ,/]ilize--see "t-table on pages foll[+4 #aj4 ,remove f cann] & completely seal4 ,te/ = leaks4 ,cool j>s z rapidly z possible1 )\t drafts /rik+ !m4 ,rapid cool+ ( ! product prev5ts ov]cook+1 cl>ifies ! liquid & pres]ves ! %ape & texture ( ! product4 ,,special ,,directions ,,= ,,v>i\s ,,vegetables ,gre5s4 ,no wat] is add$ to gre5s4 ,n9ety p]c5t ( gre5s is wat]4 ,!y are high 9 m9]al matt] & we mu/ pres]ve t4 ,asp>agus4 ,remove /r+ be=e pack+ 9 j>4 ,c or dry t\gh ends = s\p4 ,if asp>agus is pack$ 9 j>s z :ole /alks1 pack ) ! tips up4 ,tomatoes4 ,remove sk9s be=e pack+4 ,tomatoes may be cann$ :ole or 9 pieces4 ,sk91 cook & /ra9 imp]fect tomatoes4 ,use ?is = liquid2 z #id p] c5t ( ! tomato is wat]1 no wat] is ne$$4 ,eggplants4 ,make slices ab\t to ( an in* ?ick4 ,d n add salt1 z x causes eggplants to turn d>k4 ,pumpk9 & squa%4 ,if y d n wi% to scrape out ( ! %ells y c remove se$s1 p>e & cut into small blocks ( uni=m size4 ,!n blan*4 ,sweet corn4 ,corn exp&s a little 9 process+1 & = ?is reason j>s %\ld n be fill$ q full4 ,corn t has rea*$ ! d\gh /age be=e be+ pack$ w h a *eesy appe>ance aft] cann+4 ,corn %\ld nev] be all[$ to rema9 9 ! cold-dip wat]4 ,field corn4 ,?is product is commonly kn[n z corn-club breakfa/ food4 ,! corn %\ld be select$ betwe5 ! milk & ! d\gh /age4 ,wide-m\!d glass j>s or t9 cans %\ld be us$ = cann+ ?is product4 ,avoid pack+ conta9] too full1 z ! product swells dur+ ! /]ilization p]iod4 ,! corn %\ld be cann$ ! same day x is pick$ f ! field if possible4 ,aft] ?is product has be5 /]iliz$ & cook$ & /or$ away x w =m a solid1 butt]-l mass :i* may be cut into conv5i5t slices = toa/+1 fry+ & bak+ purposes4 ,mu%rooms4 ,d n fail to blan* & cold dip4 ,aft] op5+ conta9]s remove ! mu%rooms imm$iately & use !m z quickly z possible4 ,sweet pepp]s4 ,place ! pepp]s 9 ! ov5 & bake !m until ! sk9s sep>ate f ! meat4 ,remove ! sk94 ,pack 9 hot j>s4 ,add #a teaspoonful ( salt to a qu>t4 ,add boil+ wat]4 ,lima beans4 ,lima beans c be ei!r blan*$ or /eam$4 ,if blan*$ all[ #e m9utes2 if 9 live /eam all[ #aj4 ,wax or /r+ beans4 ,beans c be cann$ :ole or cut into uni=m pieces4 ,cabbage & caulifl[]4 ,cabbage & caulifl[] %\ld be soak$ 9 cold br9e 7 lb4 salt to #ab qu>ts wat]7 = "o h\r be=e blan*+4 ,brussels spr\ts4 ,use small solid heads4 ,peas4 ,a cl\dy or hazy appe>ance ( ! liquid indicates t ! product 0 r\ghly h&l$ 9 blan*+ & cold dipp+1 or t brok5 peas 7 n remov$ be=e pack+4 ,c>rots & p>snips4 ,c>rots c be pack$ :ole1 9 slices or 9 cross-section pieces4 ,sk9 ( p>snips c be scrap$ (f aft] blan*+ & cold dipp+4 ,beets4 ,small beets t run #dj to a qu>t are ! mo/ suitable size = fir/-class packs4 ,well-cann$ beets w %[ a slight loss ( color :5 remov$ f ! cann]1 b w bright5 up 9 a few days4 ,turnips4 ,scrape sk9 aft] blan*+ & cold dipp+4 ,corn & tomatoes4 ,add #a teaspoonful ( salt to e qu>t ( mixture4 ,mix #b p>ts ( tomatoes ) #a "p corn4 ,"o teaspoonful ( sug> improves ! flavor4 ,corn1 tomatoes & /r+ beans4 ,use #a "p ( corn1 #a "p ( gre5 /r+ beans & #c p>ts ( tomatoes4 ,add #a teaspoonful ( salt & #a teaspoonful ( sug> to e qu>t j>4 ,,*>ts ,,= ,,cann+ ,,all ,,vegetables ,,& ,,gre5s ,a ,,scald+ ,,or ,,blan*+ ,,m9utes ,b ,,9 ,,boil+ ,,wat] ,,or ,,homemade ,,outfit 7#bab;,f47 ,c ,,9 ,,cond5s$ ,,/eam ,,outfit ,d ,,9 ,,wat]-,,seal ,,outfit #bad;,f ,e ,,9 ,,/eam ,,pressure #e ,,to #aj ,,p\nds ,f ,,9 ,,pressure ,,cook] #aj ,,p\nds ,,vegetables_/ ,,numb] ,,( ,,m9utes ,,to ,,/]ilize ,,prep>ation ,a ,b ,c ,d ,e ,f ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------- ,class #a--;,gre5s1 ,dome/ic & ,wild ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------- ,,all ,,gre5s--,,sp9a*1 ,/eam 9 #abj #abj #ij #fj #dj1 at ,,beet ,,tops1 ,,*>d1 col&] or 7#b hr7 7#b hr77#a hr7 7#a hr7#aj lbs4 ,,d&elions1 ,,etc4 9 /eam] ,pick ov]2 wa% 9 until wilt$ sev]al wat]s4 ,takes ab\t #ae m9utes4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------------------- ,class #b --,special ,vegetables ---------------------------------------- --------------------------------- ,,asp>agus ,blan* t\gh #ij #ij #fj #ej #be1 at ,wa%1 remove woody ends #d 7#a hr77#a hr7 7#a hr7 #aj lbs4 ends2 cut to fit m9utes1 tip j>2 tie 9 bundles4ends #b m9utes4 ,,tomatoes ,select ,scald #a #bb #bb #ah #ah #aj1 at fre%1 ripe1 firm #aj lbs4 tomatoes4 ,sk9s w slip (f aft] scald+ & cold dipp+4 ,,eggplants ,remove sk9 ,blan* #c #fj #fj #ej #de #cj1 at aft] blan*+ 7#a hr7 7#a hr7 #aj lbs4 & cold dipp+4 ,slice crosswise & pack4 ,,pumpk9 ,,& ,,squa% ,blan* #e #abj #abj #ij #fj #dj1 at ,cut into sections2 7#b hr7 7#b hr77#a hr7 7#a hr7#aj lbs4 remove se$s2 scrape %ells aft] blan*+ & cold dipp+4 ,,corn--,,sweet #e on cob #ahj #ahj #abj #ij #fj1 at ,cut corn f cob1 7#c hr7 7#c hr7 7#b hr77#a hr7#aj lbs4 blan* imm$iately aft] & cold dip4 ,,corn--,,field #aj #ahj #ahj #abj #fj #ej1 at ,remove husk & 7#c hr7 7#c hr7 7#b hr7 7#a hr7#aj lbs4 silk4 ,cut ! corn f ! cob aft] x has be5 blan*$ & cold dipp$4 ,fe$ ! corn to a food *opp] & gr9d to a pulp4 ,cook ?is product 9 a kettle1 add #b_/c teaspoonful sug> & #a_/c teaspoonful salt to ea* qu>t4 ,cook 7/ir :ile cook+7 until ! product has assum$ a ?ick5$ or pa/elike mass4 ,,mu%rooms ,if small1 #e #ij #ij #hj #ej #cj1 at c !m :ole2 if 7#a hr77#a hr77#a-a_/c #aj lbs4 l>ge !y may be hr7 cut into sections4 ,,sweet ,,pepp]s ,use 44 #ij #ij #ge #fj #dj1 at ei!r gre5 or r$ 7#a hr77#a hr77#a hr7 7#a hr7#aj lbs4 pepp]s4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------------------- ,class #c--,pod ,vegetables & ,o!r ,gre5 ,products ---------------------------------------- --------------------------------- ,,beans--,,lima #e to #aj #ahj #ahj #abj #fj #dj1 at ,%ell & wa%4 7#c hr7 7#c hr7 7#b hr7 7#a hr7#aj lbs4 ,,beans--,,wax ,,or ,,/r+ #e to #aj #abj #abj #ij #fj #dj1 at ,wa% & /r+4 7#b hr7 7#b hr77#a hr7 7#a hr7#aj lbs4 ,,cabbage ,use small #e to #aj #abj #abj #ij #fj #dj1 at solid heads ( 7#b hr7 7#b hr77#a hr7 7#a hr7#aj lbs4 cabbage4 ,,caulifl[] ,use #c #fj #fj #dj #cj #bj1 at fl[]$ portion ( 7#a hr7 7#a hr7 #ae lbs4 caulifl[]4 ,,brussels ,,spr\ts #e to #aj #abj #abj #ij #fj #dj1 at ,cut into sections 7#b hr7 7#b hr77#a hr7 7#a hr7#aj lbs4 & remove core4 ,,peas #e to #aj #ahj #ahj #abj #fj #dj1 at ,%ell & wa%4 ,add 7#c hr7 7#c hr7 7#b hr7 7#a hr7#aj to #a teaspoonful ( #ae lbs4 salt & #a tea- spoonful ( sug> toev]y qu>t4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------------------- ,class #d--,roots & ,tub] ,vegetables ---------------------------------------- --------------------------------- ,,c>rots1 ,,p>snips1 #e #ij #ij #hj #fj #dj1 at ,,salsify 7#a hr77#a hr7 7#a-a_/c 7#a hr7#aj lbs4 ,remove sk9 by hr7 scrap+ aft] blan*+ & cold dipp+4 ,,beets #e #ij #ij #hj #fj #dj1 at ,to reta9 ! color 7#a hr77#a hr7 7#a-a_/c 7#a hr7#aj lbs4 ( beets leave #c or hr7 #d in*es ( ! /em & all ! root on :ile blan*+4 ,aft] cold dipp+1 ! sk9 may be remov$ ,scrape ! sk94 ,,turnips #e #ij #ij #hj #fj #dj1 at ,wa% ?or\ghly 7#a hr77#a hr7 7#a-a_/c 7#a hr7#aj lbs4 ) a vegetable hr7 bru%4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,class #e--,vegetable ,comb9ations ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,corn ,,& ,,tomatoes #abj #abj #abj #fj #de1 at ,prep>e individual 7#b hr7 7#b hr7 7#b hr7 7#a hr7#aj lbs4 vegetables & !n comb9e & pack4 ,,corn1 ,,tomatoes ,,& ,,/r+ ,,beans ,corn #c ,tomatoes #a #abj #abj #abj #fj #de1 at ,/r+ beans #e 7#b hr7 7#b hr7 7#b hr7 7#a hr7#aj lbs4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------------------- ,c\nt f "t :5 wat] beg9s to boil 7bubbles all ov]74 ,?is "t s*$ule is = bo? p9t & qu>t j>s4 ,add #cj m9utes to "t ( /]iliz+ = #b-qu>t j>s4 ,,*apt] ,v ,,s\ps ,aft] "o has le>n$ h[ to c fruits & vegetables successfully1 ! next ?+ to attempt is ! cann+ ( s\ps4 ,s\ps may be cann$ ) or )\t meat4 ,we make "o v>iety :i* is a pure vegetable s\p4 ,we use no /ock or meat1 & c x 9 its own juice or liquor1 ?us us+ no wat]4 ,:5 we wi% to use x we dilute x ?ree or f\r times & s]ve x z a vegetable s\p or1 m frequ5tly1 :5 we h *ick5 bones or any meat bones on h&1 we add a c ( ?is conc5trat$ vegetable mixture to ! bones & make a delici\s /ock s\p4 ,i w give ?is recipe z ,i h giv5 x to _m fri5ds1 all ( :om h pron\nc$ x excell5t3 #a ,peck ripe tomatoes #a ,head cabbage #a ,doz5 c>rots #a ,:ite turnip #c ,p\nds /r+ beans #a ,p\nd okra #c ,r$ pepp]s #a ,peck sp9a* #b ,p\nds asp>agus #f ,small beets #f ,e>s sweet corn ,scald ! tomatoes by plac+ !m 9 a wire basket & plung+ !m into boil+ wat] = "o & a half m9utes4 ,cold-dip !m imm$iately4 ,aft] remov+ ! core & /em end ( ! tomato1 ! sk9 slips "r (f4 ,save all ! tomato juice4 ,cut ! tomatoes into qu>t]s4 ,put into a l>ge pail or bucket ) ! juice4 ,blan* ! cabbage1 c>rots1 turnip1 /r+ beans1 okra & sweet r$ pepp]s five m9utes4 ,cold-dip4 ,( c\rse y blan* & cold-dip ea* product sep>ately4 ,cut ea* vegetable aft] x is blan*$ & cold-dipp$ into small cubes & add to ! tomatoes4 ,sp9a* mu/ be c>efully wa%$ to remove all grit & s&4 ,all gre5s mu/ be wa%$ ?r\gh sev]al wat]s to cleanse !m ?or\ghly4 ,in/ead ( blan*+ ! sp9a* 9 a kettle ( boil+ wat]1 z we d ! o!r vegetables1 we /eam x by plac+ x 9 a col&] ov] boil+ wat] or 9 a regulation /eam] ) tightly fitt+ cov]1 su* z is us$ = /eam+ suet pudd+s & br[n bread4 ,if y c ) a /eam-pressure cann] or a pressure cook]1 !n /eam ! sp9a* !re4 ,if we boil$ ! sp9a* = fifte5 or tw5ty m9utes we w\ld lose a quantity ( ! m9]al salts1 ! v ?+ we aim to get into our sy/ems :5 we eat sp9a*1 d&elion gre5s1 ,swiss *>d & o!r gre5s4 ,aft] ! blan*+ or /eam+ comes ! cold dip4 ,!re is some?+ ab\t blan*+ asp>agus1 ei!r = s\ps or :5 cann$ alone1 t is wor? kn[+4 ,in/ead ( blan*+ ! :ole /alk ( asp>agus = ! same l5g? ( "t1 we use a little discretion1 giv+ ! t\gh]1 h>d] ends a full f\r m9utes' blan*+1 b all[+ ! t5d] tip ends only two m9utes4 ,y are possibly wond]+ h[ t is done4 ,tie ! asp>agus /alks 9 bun*es & put ! bun*es ) all ! tips /&+ "o way on a piece ( *eeseclo?4 ,tie ! clo? or snap rubb] b&s r\nd x1 & !n /& ! asp>agus 9 boil+ wat] 9 an upright position = two m9utes2 next lay ! asp>agus l5g?wise 9 ! blan*+ wat] = ano!r two m9utes1 & y h accompli%$ y\r purpose4 ,y h giv5 ! t\gh] p>ts two m9utes' m blan*+ ?an ! t5d] p>ts4 ,use a deep en\gh kettle s ! asp>agus w be completely cov]$ :5 laid l5g?wise4 ,aft] ! blan*+1 cold-dip ! asp>agus4 ,wa% ! beets4 ,leave two in*es ( ! top & all ! tail on ! beets :ile blan*+4 ,blan* = five m9utes1 !n cold-dip4 ,next scrape (f ! sk91 top & tail4 ,! tops c be put "r into ! s\p too4 ,any surplus tops c be /eam$ ) ! sp9a* & c be treat$ simil>ly4 ,blan* corn on ! cob five m9utes4 ,cold-dip4 ,cut ! corn f ! cob1 cutt+ f tip to butt end4 ,add ! corn to ! o!r vegetables4 ,add no wat]4 ,pack ! mix$ vegetables into clean glass j>s2 add "o level teaspoonful ( salt to e j>2 p>tially seal2 cook "o h\r & a half 9 wa%-boil] or o!r homemade outfit4 ,at ! end ( t p]iod remove j>s f cann]1 seal tight1 & ! "w is done4 ,( c\rse y are int]e/$ 9 ! co/ ( ?is s\p4 ,mo/ ( ! +r$i5ts came "r f our g>d54 ,we _h to buy ! okra & ! r$ pepp]s1 b ,i figur$ ev]y?+ j z if ,i _h to buy x f ! m>ket2 & on ?is basis1 ! co/ ( our s\p w\ld h be5 only sev5 & a half c5ts a c4 ,we cann$ x 9 t91 us+ size ,numb] ,two1 :i* is ! same z p9t size 9 glass j>s4 ,ano!r vegetable s\p )\t /ock1 dri$ beans & peas be+ us$1 is made z foll[s3 ,soak six p\nds ( ,lima beans & f\r p\nds ( dry peas ov] night4 ,boil ea* ?irty m9utes4 ,blan* sixte5 p\nds ( c>rots1 six p\nds ( cabbage1 ?ree p\nds ( cel]y1 six p\nds ( turnips1 f\r p\nds ( okra1 "o p\nd ( onions1 & f\r p\nds ( p>sley = ?ree m9utes & dip 9 cold wat] quickly4 ,prep>e ! vegetables & *op into small cubes4 ,*op ! onions & cel]y extra f9e4 ,mix all ( !m ?or\ghly & season to ta/e4 ,pack 9 glass j>s or t9 cans4 ,fill ) boil+ wat]4 ,p>tially seal glass j>s4 ,cap & tip t9 cans4 ,process n9ety m9utes if us+ hot-wat]-ba? outfit or cond5s$-/eam outfit2 sixty m9utes if us+ wat]-seal outfit or five-p\nd /eam-pressure outfit2 =ty-five m9utes if us+ pressure cook]4 ,9 _m homes cream ( tomato s\p is ! favorite4 ,to make ?is s\p ! h\sewife uses a tomato pulp & comb9es x ) milk & season+s4 ,y c c a l>ge numb] ( j>s ( ?is pulp & h x ready = ! cream s\p4 ,to make & c ?is pulp foll[ ^! directions3 ,tomato ,pulp4 ,place ! tomatoes 9 a wire basket or piece ( *eeseclo? & plunge into boil+ wat] = "o & a half m9utes4 ,plunge into cold wat]4 ,remove ! sk9s & cores4 ,place ! tomatoes 9 a kettle & boil ?irty m9utes4 ,pass ! tomato pulp ?r\gh a sieve4 ,pack 9 glass j>s :ile hot & add a level teaspoonful ( salt p] qu>t4 ,p>tially seal glass j>s4 ,/]ilize tw5ty m9utes if us+ hot-wat]-ba? outfit or cond5s$-/eam outfit2 eighte5 m9utes if us+ wat]-seal1 or five-p\nd /eam-pressure outfit2 fifte5 m9utes if us+ pressure-cook] outfit4 ,s\p ,/ock4 ,to make ! s\p /ock :i* is ! f\ndation ( all ! /ock s\ps1 use ?is recipe3 ,secure tw5ty-five p\nds ( beef hocks1 jo9ts & bones conta9+ m>r[4 ,/rip (f ! fat & meat & crack bones ) hat*et or cleav]4 ,put ! brok5 bones 9 a ?9 clo? sack & place ?is 9 a l>ge kettle conta9+ five gallons ( cold wat]4 ,simm]--d n boil--= six or sev5 h\rs4 ,d n salt :ile simm]+4 ,skim (f all fat4 ,?is %\ld make ab\t five gallons ( /ock4 ,pack hot 9 glass j>s1 bottles or enamel$ or lacqu]$ t9 cans4 ,p>tially seal glass j>s4 ,cap & tip t9 cans4 ,/]ilize =ty m9utes if us+ hot-wat]-ba? outfit or cond5s$-/eam outfit2 ?irty m9utes if us+ wat]-seal or five-p\nd /eam-pressure outfit2 tw5ty-five m9utes if us+ pressure-cook] outfit4 ,s\ps made ) s\p /ock are _m & v>i$4 ,"o c utilize ! ?+s at h& & *ange ! di/9ctive flavor f ye> to ye>4 ,i w give y a few good specim5 recipes :i* if foll[$ w give good results3 ,vegetable ,s\p4 ,soak a qu>t] p\nd dri$ ,lima beans & "o p\nd unpoli%$ rice = twelve h\rs4 ,cook a half p\nd pe>l b>ley = two h\rs4 ,blan* "o p\nd c>rots1 "o p\nd onions1 "o m$ium-size potato & "o r$ pepp] = ?ree m9utes & cold-dip4 ,prep>e ! vegetables & cut into small cubes4 ,mix ?or\ghly ,lima beans1 rice1 b>ley1 c>rots1 onions1 potato & r$ pepp]4 ,fill glass j>s or ! enamel$ t9 cans ?ree-f\r?s full ( ! above mixture ( vegetables & c]eals4 ,make a smoo? pa/e ( a half p\nd ( :eat fl\r & bl5d 9 five gallons s\p /ock4 ,boil ?ree m9utes & add f\r ounces salt4 ,p\r ?is /ock ov] vegetables & fill cans4 ,p>tially seal glass j>s4 ,cap & tip t9 cans4 ,/]ilize n9ety m9utes if us+ hot-wat]-ba? outfit or cond5s$-/eam outfit2 sev5ty-five m9utes if us+ a wat]-seal or five-p\nd /eam-pressure outfit2 =ty-five m9utes if us+ pressure-cook] outfit4 ,cream ( ,pea ,s\p4 ,soak eight p\nds ( dri$ peas ov] night4 ,cook until s(t4 ,ma% f9e4 ,add ! ma%$ peas to five gallons ( s\p /ock & br+ to boil4 ,pass ! boil+ liquid ?r\gh a f9e sieve4 ,make a smoo? pa/e ( a half p\nd fl\r & add pa/e1 t5 ounces ( sug> & ?ree ounces ( salt to ! s\p /ock4 ,cook until s\p beg9s to ?ick54 ,pack 9 glass j>s or t9 cans4 ,p>tially seal glass j>s4 ,cap & tip t9 cans4 ,process n9ety m9utes if us+ hot-wat]-ba? outfit or cond5s$-/eam outfit2 eighty m9utes if us+ wat]-seal outfit2 sev5ty m9utes if us+ five-p\nd /eam-pressure outfit2 =ty-five m9utes if us+ pressure-cook] outfit4 ,cream ( ,potato ,s\p4 ,boil "o & a half p\nds ( potatoes1 slic$ ?91 & five gallons ( s\p /ock = t5 m9utes4 ,add ?ree ounces ( salt1 a qu>t] teaspoonful ( pepp] & a half p\nd ( butt] & boil sl[ly = five m9utes4 ,make ?ree tablespoonfuls ( fl\r into smoo? pa/e & add to ! above4 ,cook ?ree m9utes & pack 9 glass j>s or t9 cans :ile hot4 ,p>tially seal glass j>s4 ,cap & tip t9 cans4 ,/]ilize n9ety m9utes if us+ a hot-wat]-ba? outfit or cond5s$-/eam outfit2 sev5ty-five m9utes if us+ a wat]-seal outfit2 sixty-five m9utes if us+ a five-p\nd /eam-pressure outfit2 =ty-five m9utes if us+ a pressure-cook] outfit4 ,bean ,s\p4 ,soak ?ree p\nds ( dri$ beans twelve h\rs 9 cold wat]4 ,cut two p\nds ( ham into qu>t]-in* cubes & place 9 a small sack4 ,place beans1 ham & f\r gallons ( wat] 9 kettle & boil sl[ly until ! beans are v s(t4 ,remove ! ham & beans f ! liquor & ma% ! beans f9e4 ,return ham & ma%$ beans to ! liquor1 add five gallons ( s\p /ock & season+1 & br+ to boil4 ,pack into j>s or cans :ile hot4 ,p>tially seal j>s4 ,cap & tip t9 cans4 ,process two h\rs if us+ hot-wat]-ba? or cond5s$-/eam outfit2 n9ety m9utes if us+ wat]-seal outfit2 sev5ty-five m9utes if us+ five-p\nd /eam-pressure outfit2 sixty m9utes if us+ pressure cook]4 ,okra ,s\p4 ,slice eight p\nds okra into ?9 slices ! r\nd way4 ,blan* t5 m9utes & cold-dip4 ,boil "o & a half p\nds rice = tw5ty-five m9utes4 ,mix okra & rice & fill cans or j>s half full4 ,to five gallons s\p /ock add five ounces salt1 a qu>t] teaspoonful ( cori&] se$ & a qu>t] teaspoonful ( p[d]$ cloves1 & br+ to boil4 ,fill rema9+ portion ( j>s or cans4 ,p>tially seal glass j>s4 ,cap & tip t9 cans4 ,process two h\rs if us+ hot-wat]-ba? outfit or cond5s$-/eam outfit2 n9ety m9utes if us+ wat]-seal outfit2 sev5ty-five m9utes if us+ five-p\nd /eam-pressure outfit2 sixty m9utes if us+ pressure-cook] outfit4 ,*ick5-,s\p ,/ock4 ,place ?irty p\nds *ick5 9 t5 gallons ( cold wat] & simm] = five h\rs4 ,remove meat & bones1 !n /ra94 ,add suffici5t wat] to make t5 gallons ( /ock4 ,fill glass j>s or t9 cans ) hot /ock4 ,p>tially seal glass j>s4 ,cap & tip t9 cans4 ,?is /ock is us$ to make s\p :]e ! t]m *ick5-s\p /ock is us$4 ,process n9ety m9utes if us+ hot-wat]-ba? outfit or cond5s$-/eam outfit2 sev5ty-five m9utes if us+ wat]-seal outfit2 sixty m9utes if us+ five-p\nd /eam-pressure outfit2 =ty-five m9utes if us+ pressure-cook] outfit4 ,*ick5 ,bro? ,) ,rice4 ,= ea* gallon ( s\p /ock use twelve ounces ( rice4 ,boil rice ?irty m9utes4 ,fill j>s or t9 cans two-?irds full ( rice & ! rema9d] ) s\p /ock4 ,p>tially seal glass j>s4 ,cap & tip t9 cans4 ,process n9ety m9utes if us+ hot-wat]-ba? outfit or cond5s$-/eam outfit2 sev5ty-five m9utes if us+ wat]-seal outfit2 sixty m9utes if us+ five-p\nd /eam-pressure outfit2 =ty-five m9utes if us+ pressure-cook] outfit4 ,*ick5 ,gumbo4 ,cut two p\nds ham into small cubes & boil ?irty m9utes4 ,m9ce ?ree p\nds *ick5 & *op half a p\nd ( onions f9e4 ,make a smoo? pa/e ( a half p\nd fl\r4 ,add above to five gallons ( *ick5-s\p /ock4 ,!n add a half p\nd butt] & a qu>t] p\nd salt & boil t5 m9utes4 ,next add ?ree ounces p[d]$ okra mix$ ) "o p9t wat]4 ,pack into glass j>s or t9 cans :ile hot4 ,p>tially seal glass j>s4 ,cap & tip t9 cans4 ,process n9ety m9utes if us+ hot-wat]-ba? outfit or cond5s$-/eam outfit2 sev5ty-five m9utes if us+ wat]-seal outfit2 sixty m9utes if us+ five-p\nd /eam-pressure outfit2 =ty-five m9utes if us+ pressure-cook] outfit4 ,,tomato ,,acid ,,*ecks ,,bact]ia ,"s wom5 :o h cann$ s\p tell me x spoil$ or ta/$ s\ri% & smell$ s\ri% too4 ,?is is :at we call flat s\r4 ,x may happ5 to any vegetable y c1 z well z to ! s\ps4 ,flat s\r affects peas1 beans1 asp>agus & corn m ?an o!r vegetables4 ,if ! vegetables h be5 pick$ = "s "t & ! bact]ia h _h a *ance to "w1 & y are n exce$+ly c>eful ab\t y\r cann+1 y may develop flat s\r 9 ! s\p4 ,if y let "o little spore ( ?is bact]ia survive all is lo/4 ,its moi/ gr[+ place is favorable to developm5t1 p>ticul>ly if n mu* acid is pres5t4 ,"o little spore left 9 a j> w multiply 9 tw5ty h\rs to "s tw5ty millions ( bact]ia4 ,?is tw5ty million c /& on ! po9t ( a ne$le1 s a c c\ld acquire q a l>ge population 9 a %ort "t4 ,bact]ia d n l acids1 s x is always a good idea to h tomatoes 9 y\r s\p mixture1 & get ! tomatoes into ! /one crock e>ly 9 ! game4 ,! tomato acid w safegu>d ! o!r vegetables :i* lack acid4 ,if y are c>eless ab\t ! blan*+ & cold-dipp+--t is1 n do+ ^! full "t--if y "w too sl[ly 9 gett+ ! products into j>s & !n let ! full j>s /& 9 ! w>m atmosph]e1 y are pretty sure to develop flat s\r4 ,place ea* j> 9 ! cann] z x is pack$4 ,! fir/ j>s 9 w n be affect$ by ! extra cook+4 ,h ! wat] j bel[ ! boil+ po9t z y put 9 ea* j>4 ,:5 y h ! cann] full br+ ! wat] to ! boil+ po9t z quickly z possible & beg9 to c\nt cook+ or /]iliz+ "t f ! mom5t x does boil4 ,"s wom5 make ! mi/ake at ! end ( ! cook+ p]iod ( lett+ ! j>s rema9 9 ! boil+ wat]1 /&+ on ! false bottom ( ! cann] until !y are cool en\gh to h&le ) no dang] ( burn+ ! h&s4 ,?is sl[ me?od ( cool+ n only t5ds to create flat s\r1 b x is apt to result 9 cl\dy-look+ j>s & 9 mu%y vegetables4 ,= ?is reason y %\ld h 9 y\r equipm5t a lift] ) :i* y c lift out ! hot j>s )\t ! h&s t\*+ !m4 ,if y use a rack ) wire h&les ?is answ]s ! same purpose4 ,?is flat s\r1 :i* is n at all dang]\s f ! /&po9t ( heal?1 mu/ n be confus$ ) ! botul9us bact]ia1 :i* is an entirely diff]5t ?+4 ,flat s\r1 p]fectly h>mless1 appe>s (t5 ) inexp]i5c$ cann]s4 ,botul9us1 h>mful1 appe>s r>ely4 ,y ne$ n be at all al>m$ ab\t eat+ ei!r flat s\r or botul9us1 because ! odor f spoil$ goods is s di/a/eful--x really resembles rancid *eese--t y w\ld nev] get a spoon ( x to y\r m\?4 ,if y are debat+ :e!r ?is j> or t j> ( s\p or vegetables is spoil$1 d n ta/e ! cont5ts ( ! j>4 ,smell x4 ,ta/+ might poison y if y happ5$ on ! botul9us bact]ia1 :i* is s r>e x ne$ al>m no "o2 :]eas smell+ is p]fectly safe4 ,,"t-,,table ,,= ,,s\ps ,,gray ,,s\p ,,)\t ,,/ock ,,numb] ,,( ,,+r$i5ts ,,m9utes ,,o!r ,,prep>ation ,,to ,,blan* #a ,peck ripe tomatoes ,scald #a ,remove core & /em end4 #a ,head cabbage #e #a ,doz5 c>rots #e #a ,:ite turnip #e ,cut into cubes aft] blan*+ #b ,p\nds /r+ beans #e #a ,p\nd okra #e #c ,r$ pepp]s #e #a ,peck sp9a* ,/eam #ae m9utes or until ?or\ghly wilt$4 #b ,p\nds asp>agus #d ,cut into small pieces aft] blan*+4 #f ,small beets #e ,cut into slices aft] blan*+4 #f ,e>s sweet corn #e ,cut f cob aft] blan*+4 ,salt ,,numb] ,,( ,,m9utes ,,to ,,/]ilize ,9 boil+ wat] or homemade outfit1 #bab degrees ,fahr5heit1 #ij4 ,9 cond5s$ /eam outfit1 #ij4 ,9 wat]-seal outfit1 #bad degrees ,fahr5heit1 #fj4 ,9 /eam-pressure outfit1 #e p\nds1 #fj4 ,9 pressure-cook] outfit1 #aj to #ae p\nds1 #de4 ,,vegetable ,,s\p ,,)\t ,,/ock1 ,,us+ ,,dry ,,legumes #f ,p\nds dri$ ,lima beans ,soak ov] night1 !n boil #d ,p\nds dri$ peas = "o half h\r4 #af ,p\nds c>rots #c #f ,p\nds cabbage #c ,cut into small cubes aft] #c ,p\nds cel]y #c blan*+4 #f ,p\nds turnips #c #d ,p\nds okra #c ,cut into slices aft] blan*+4 #a ,p\nd onions #c ,*op f9e aft] blan*+4 #d ,p\nds p>sley #c ,cut into pieces aft] blan*+4 ,salt ,,numb] ,,( ,,m9utes ,,to ,,/]ilize ,9 boil+ wat] or homemade outfit1 #bab degrees ,fahr5heit1 #ij4 ,9 cond5s$ /eam outfit1 #ij4 ,9 wat]-seal outfit1 #bad degrees ,fahr5heit1 #fj4 ,9 /eam-pressure outfit1 #e p\nds1 #fj4 ,9 pressure-cook] outfit1 #aj to #ae p\nds1 #de4 ,,s\p ,,/ock 7,f\ndation ( ,all ,/ock ,s\ps7 ,,numb] ,,( ,,+r$i5ts ,,m9utes ,,o!r ,,prep>ation ,,to ,,blan* #be ,p\nds beef hocks1 jo9ts & bones ,simm] = #f or #g h\rs4 #e ,gallons wat] ,%\ld make #e ,gallons /ock4 ,,numb] ,,( ,,m9utes ,,to ,,/]ilize ,9 boil+ wat] or homemade outfit1 #bab degrees ,fahr5heit1 #dj4 ,9 cond5s$ /eam outfit1 #dj4 ,9 wat]-seal outfit1 #bad degrees ,fahr5heit1 #cj4 ,9 /eam-pressure outfit1 #e p\nds1 #cj4 ,9 pressure-cook] outfit1 #aj to #ae p\nds1 #be4 ,,vegetable ,,s\p ,,) ,,/ock ,p\nds dri$ ,lima beans ,soak #ab h\rs4 #a ,p\nd rice ,soak #ab h\rs4 ,p\nd pe>l b>ley ,cook #b h\rs4 #a ,p\nds c>rots #c #a ,p\nds onions #c ,cut into small cubes aft] #a ,potato #c blan*+4 #a ,r$ ,pepp] #c ,p\nd fl\r ,make pa/e ( fl\r & s\p /ock4 #e ,gallons s\p /ock ,boil #c m9utes & add salt #d ,ounces salt ,p\r ov] vegetables & fill cans4 ,,numb] ,,( ,,m9utes ,,to ,,/]ilize ,9 boil+ wat] or homemade outfit1 #bab degrees ,fahr5heit1 #ij4 ,9 cond5s$ /eam outfit1 #ij4 ,9 wat]-seal outfit1 #bad degrees ,fahr5heit1 #ge4 ,9 /eam-pressure outfit1 #e p\nds1 #ge4 ,9 pressure-cook] outfit1 #aj to #ae p\nds1 #de4 ,,cream ,,( ,,pea ,,s\p #h ,p\nds dri$ peas ,soak ov]-night & cook until s(t4 ,ma% peas f9e4 #e ,gallons s\p /ock ,add /ock & boil4 ,put ?r\gh sieve4 ,p\nd fl\r ,make pa/e ( fl\r1 sug> & salt #aj ,ounces sug> & add to /ock4 ,cook until ?ick4 #c ,ounces salt ,c4 ,,numb] ,,( ,,m9utes ,,to ,,/]ilize ,9 boil+ wat] or homemade outfit1 #bab degrees ,fahr5heit1 #ij4 ,9 cond5s$ /eam outfit1 #ij4 ,9 wat]-seal outfit1 #bad degrees ,fahr5heit1 #hj4 ,9 /eam-pressure outfit1 #e p\nds1 #gj4 ,9 pressure-cook] outfit1 #aj to #ae p\nds1 #de4 ,,cream ,,( ,,potato ,,s\p ,,numb] ,,( ,,+r$i5ts ,,m9utes ,,o!r ,,prep>ation ,,to ,,blan* #a ,p\nds potatoes ,boil potatoes & /ock slic$ ?9 #aj m9utes4 ,add salt1 #e ,gallons s\p /ock pepp]1 butt] & boil #c ,ounces salt #e m9utes4 ,make fl\r ,teaspoonful pepp] into pa/e & add4 ,p\nd butt] ,cook #c m9utes & c4 #c ,tablespoonfuls fl\r ,boil potatoes & /ock ,,numb] ,,( ,,m9utes ,,to ,,/]ilize ,9 boil+ wat] or homemade outfit1 #bab degrees ,fahr5heit1 #ij4 ,9 cond5s$ /eam outfit1 #ij4 ,9 wat]-seal outfit1 #bad degrees ,fahr5heit1 #ge4 ,9 /eam-pressure outfit1 #e p\nds1 #fe4 ,9 pressure-cook] outfit1 #aj to #ae p\nds1 #de4 ,,bean ,,s\p #c ,p\nds dri$ beans ,soak #ab h\rs4 #b ,p\nds ham ,cut ham into in* cubes4 #d ,gallons wat] ,boil beans1 ham & wat] #e ,gallons s\p /ock until beans are s(t4 ,salt ,ma% beans f9e4 ,add /ock & salt4 ,c4 ,,numb] ,,( ,,m9utes ,,to ,,/]ilize ,9 boil+ wat] or homemade outfit1 #bab degrees ,fahr5heit1 #abj4 ,9 cond5s$ /eam outfit1 #abj4 ,9 wat]-seal outfit1 #bad degrees ,fahr5heit1 #ij4 ,9 /eam-pressure outfit1 #e p\nds1 #ge4 ,9 pressure-cook] outfit1 #aj to #ae p\nds1 #fj4 ,,*ick5 ,,s\p ,,/ock 7,f\ndation ( ,all ,*ick5 ,s\ps7 #cj ,p\nds *ick5 #aj ,gallons cold wat]4 ,%\ld make #aj gallons ,simm] #e h\rs4 ,c4 /ock :5 f9i%$ ,,numb] ,,( ,,m9utes ,,to ,,/]ilize ,9 boil+ wat] or homemade outfit1 #bab degrees ,fahr5heit1 #ij4 ,9 cond5s$ /eam outfit1 #ij4 ,9 wat]-seal outfit1 #bad degrees ,fahr5heit1 #ge4 ,9 /eam-pressure outfit1 #e p\nds1 #fj4 ,9 pressure-cook] outfit1 #aj to #ae p\nds1 #de4 ,,*ick5 ,,gumbo #b ,p\nds ham ,cut ham into small cubes & boil #cj m9utes4 #c ,p\nds *ick5 ,m9ce *ick54 ,p\nd onions ,*op onions4 ,p\nd fl\r ,make pa/e ( fl\r4 #e ,gallons *ick5 s\p /ock ,add all ?is to s\p /ock4 ,p\nd butt] ,p\nd salt ,add butt] & salt4 ,boil #c ,ounces p[d]$ okra #aj m9utes4 ,!n add mix$ ) p9t ( okra mix$ ) wat]4 wat] ,c4 ,,numb] ,,( ,,m9utes ,,to ,,/]ilize ,9 boil+ wat] or homemade outfit1 #bab degrees ,fahr5heit1 #ij4 ,9 cond5s$ /eam outfit1 #ij4 ,9 wat]-seal outfit1 #bad degrees ,fahr5heit1 #ge4 ,9 /eam-pressure outfit1 #e p\nds1 #fj4 ,9 pressure-cook] outfit1 #aj to #ae p\nds1 #de4 ,,*apt] ,,vi ,,jellies1 ,,jams1 ,,pres]ves1 ,,m>malades1 ,,fruit ,,juices ,,& ,,sirups ,= jelly mak+ select firm1 slightly und]ripe fruit t is fairly acid & conta9s a l>ge am\nt ( pect94 ,fruit t is j a little und]ripe conta9s m pect9 ?an ! mature or ov]ripe fruits4 ,pect9 is ! sub/ance t makes jelly h>d54 ,?is fundam5tal jelly-mak+ quality does n exi/ 9 all fruits4 ,su* fruits z currants1 crab apples & grapes conta9 mu* pect9 & are1 !re=e1 consid]$ excell5t jelly-mak+ fruits4 ,! :ite inn] sk9 ( grapefruit is also a prolific s\rce ( pect91 b z x has a bitt] ta/e we seldom use x = jellies1 ?\gh we f9d x valuable 9 mak+ orange1 grapefruit & o!r m>malades4 ,rhub>b1 /rawb]ries & *]ries all lack pect91 b c be made into good jellies if we add ! :ite sk9s ( oranges & lemons to !m :ile cook+4 ,s ! v fir/ ?+ we mu/ "k ab\t jelly mak+ is :e!r or n a fruit conta9s pect94 ,!re w be no te>s %$ ov] jelly t w n jell if all "y h\sewives w le>n ! simple te/ = pect92 to f9d out :e!r a juice conta9s pect9 or n is a v easy matt]4 ,take "o tablespoonful ( gra9 alcohol--#ij to #ie p] c5t4--& add to x "o tablespoonful ( cook$ juice t has be5 cool$4 ,! effect ( ! alcohol is to br+ toge!r ! pect9 9 a jelly-l mass4 ,if a l>ge quantity ( pect9 is pres5t x w appe> 9 "o mass or clot :i* may be ga!r$ up on a spoon4 ,y w notice ,i said cook$ juice4 ,x is peculi> t ?is pect9 frequ5tly is n f\nd 9 ! juices ( raw fruits1 ?\gh x is v pl5tiful 9 ! cook$ juices4 ,!re=e ! te/ mu/ be made ) cook$ juice4 ,!re is little pect9 9 ! juice ( raw apples1 raw qu9ce1 raw grapes1 & yet ! cook$ juices are full ( pect94 ,?is te/ n only indicates ! am\nt ( pect9 pres5t1 b x also gives "s idea ( ! prop] proportions ( sug> to juice4 ,if ?ree-f\r?s or m ( ! juice =ms a gelat9\s mass or clot ?is indicates t y %\ld use ?ree-f\r?s z mu* sug> z juice4 ,if ! pect9 is slightly gelat9\s or is less ?an ?ree-f\r?s ( ! :ole volume ( juice1 use less sug>4 ,if ! pect9 is less ?an "o-half add "s =m ( pect9 to make ! jelly1 or c ! juice = use z a bev]age1 = flavor+ ice cream or "s =m ( cook+4 ,by employ+ ?is te/1 sug> c (t5 be r$uc$1 & ?us ! jelly texture w be f9e1 less rubb]y & ! flavor w be bett]4 ,aft] ! fruit has be5 select$ & prep>$ z usual by wa%+1 /emm+1 & s =?1 x is ready to be heat$ 9 an acid-pro( kettle4 ,) juicy fruits use j en\gh wat] to prev5t burn+--ab\t "o cup ( wat] to e f\r or five qu>ts ( fruit4 ,! juicy fruits are currants1 raspb]ries1 & s =?4 ,) less juicy fruits1 z apples or qu9ces1 use en\gh wat] to cov]1 or foll[ ! rule1 half z mu* wat] z fruit4 ,use ! cores1 sk9s & se$s2 ^! improve ! flavor & color ( ! jelly4 ,b]ries c be ma%$4 ,heat ! fruit sl[ly 9 a cov]$ kettle1 /irr+ once 9 a :ile to obta9 an ev5 cook+4 ,:5 ! simm]+ po9t is rea*$1 cru% ! fruit ) a well-soak$ wood5 ma%]4 ,:5 ! fruit is t5d] or has a transp>5t appe>ance1 x is ready to /ra94 ,! jelly bag mu/ be ( closely wov5 mat]ial2 "o ) a l>ge m\? is advisable4 ,if *eeseclo? is us$ d\ble x & tie opposite corn]s toge!r4 ,:5 a v cle> jelly is desir$ use a flannel or felt bag = /ra9+ ! juice4 ,:at drips into ! di% or pan is call$ ,extraction ,"o4 ,:5 ?is ,extraction ,"o is fairly dra9$ out1 :i* takes ab\t ?irty m9utes1 d n squeeze ! pulp = a second grade jelly z s _m h\sewives d2 in/ead1 make ano!r juice extraction4 ,to d ?is1 empty ! cont5ts or pulp 9 ! bag into ! pres]v+ kettle1 cov] ) wat]1 & /ir until ?or\ghly mix$2 !n cov]1 br+ sl[ly to a boil z be=e & dra9 aga94 ,! juice t drips out is call$ ,extraction ,two4 ,! pect9-alcohol te/ c be us$ "h aga9 to f9d out :e!r !re is mu* or little or no pect9 left4 ,if mu* pect9 is pres5t1 y c repeat ! op]ation & get ,extraction ,?ree4 ,?ree extractions usually exhau/ ! pect91 b sometimes y c get z _m z five extractions4 ,y may say1 ,:y bo!r ) extractions--:y n squeeze ! juice & be done ) x8 ,y w get cle>]1 bett]-flavor$ & m glasses ( jelly if y w make ! extractions ?an if y squeeze ! jelly bag4 ,i always make ! jelly f ,extraction ,"o by itself1 b usually comb9e ,extraction ,two & ,?ree4 ,! next /ep 9 jelly mak+ is vitally important--t is1 h[ mu* sug> to use to a giv5 am\nt ( fruit juice4 ,?is is :]e _m h\sewives fall d[n on jelly mak+4 ,!y use ! same proportion ( sug> to all juices4 ,to make jelly t does n cry/allize ! "r proportion ( sug> mu/ be add$ to ! juice4 ,to make jelly t is n t\gh or unpleasantly s\r1 ! "r proportion ( sug> & juice mu/ be us$4 ,currants & unripe or p>tly rip5$ grapes are s ri* 9 pect9 t !y require equal am\nts ( sug> & juice--t is1 to e cup ( extract$ currant & grape juice we add "o cup ( sug>4 ,r$ raspb]ries & blackb]ries require ?ree-f\r?s ( a cup ( sug> to e cup ( juice4 ,all fruits :i* require mu* wat] 9 ! cook+ take ?ree-f\r?s ( a cup ( sug> to e cup ( juice4 ,crab apples & cranb]ries are examples4 ,x is h>d] to make jellies f ! fruits to :i* a l>ge am\nt ( wat] is add$ ?an f ! juicy fruits4 ,i am frequ5tly ask$1 ,:5 %\ld y add ! sug> to ! fruit juice 9 jelly mak+8 ,d y add x at ! beg9n+ ( ! boil+1 9 ! middle ( ! process1 or at ! end1 & %\ld ! sug> be hot :5 add$ to ! juice8 ,x is bett] to add ! sug> 9 ! middle ( ! jelly-mak+ process ?an at ! beg9n+ or ! end4 ,skim ! juice well be=e add+ ! sug>1 s z to lose z little sug> z possible4 ,if ! sug> is hot :5 add$ x w n cool ! juice1 & ?us ! cook+ "t w be %ort5$4 ,to heat ! sug> put x 9 a granite di%1 place 9 ! ov51 leav+ ! ov5 door aj>1 & /ir occasionally4 ,be c>eful n to scor* x4 ,aft] ! juice is put on1 ! jelly mak+ %\ld be done z quickly z possible4 ,no simm]+ %\ld be all[$ & no viol5t boil+4 ,a /eady boil+1 = z few m9utes z possible1 w produce good results4 ,currant1 blueb]ry & grape jelly usually c be made 9 f eight to t5 m9utes4 ,! hot sug> is add$ at ! end ( f\r or five m9utes4 ,raspb]ry1 blackb]ry & apple jelly take f tw5ty to ?irty m9utes4 ,! sug> is add$ at ! end ( t5 or fifte5 m9utes4 ,! jelly+ po9t is h>d to det]m9e4 ,if y h a cook+ !rmomet] or c&y !rmomet] always use x :5 mak+ jelly4 ,x is ! "o sure1 reliable te/4 ,! temp]ature = jellies is #bba degrees ,fahr5heit4 ,if y want a v s(t jelly1 boil x #bbj degrees4 ,if y want to use x imm$iately1 !n boil x to #bbb degrees4 ,if y d n h a !rmomet] ! next be/ te/ is to p\r ! boil+ sirup f ! side ( a clean1 hot spoon1 held horizontally4 ,if ! sirup is done two drops w break simultane\sly f ! side ( ! spoon4 ,ano!r te/ is to take a little jelly on a cold plate & draw a pa? ?r\gh x ) ! po9t ( a spoon2 if ! pa? /ays & ! juice does n run toge!r1 ! jelly+ po9t has be5 rea*$4 ,:5 ! jelly+ po9t has be5 rea*$1 remove ! kettle f ! fire1 skim ! jelly & p\r imm$iately into hot1 /]iliz$ glasses1 :i* h be5 set on a clo? wrung out ( hot wat] to prev5t break+4 ,fill ! glasses n q full4 ,nev] attempt to make m ?an six to eight glasses ( jelly at "o "t4 ,if new at ! game make only f\r1 because !re is dang] ( ! juice jelly+ 9 ! kettle be=e x c be remov$4 ,:5 ! jellies are well set cov] !m ) hot1 n m]ely melt$1 p>aff94 ,! p>aff9 if hot w kill any g]ms t may fall on ! surface ( ! jelly4 ,!n cov] ) ! clean t9 or alum9um cov]s & /ore ! jelly 9 a dry1 cool place aft] prop] label+4 ,,/eps ,,9 ,,jelly ,,mak+ #a4 ,select firm1 slightly und]ripe fruit t is fairly acid & conta9s a l>ge am\nt ( pect94 #b4 ,prep>e fruit z usual by wa%+1 /emm+1 & s =?4 #c4 ,heat sl[ly 9 acid-pro( kettle until fruit is t5d]4 ,ma% b]ries be=e beg9n+ to cook !m4 ,a little wat] may be add$ if necess>y to keep f burn+4 ,cut h>d fruits into small pieces2 add half z mu* wat] z fruit4 #d4 ,p\r into damp5$ bag4 #e4 ,dra9 ?r\gh closely wov5 bag4 #f4 ,make alcohol te/ = pect9 to det]m9e m9imum am\nt ( sug> to use1 also ! "* ( ! fruit4 ,! am\nt ( pect91 ! fundam5tal jelly-mak+ prop]ty1 v>ies 9 diff]5t fruits4 ,to make ! pect9 te/ add to "o tablespoonful ( cold cook$ fruit juice "o tablespoonful ( gra9 alcohol4 ,%ake g5tly4 ,all[ to /& "o-half h\r4 ,if ?ree-f\r?s or m ( ! juice =ms a lump add ?ree-f\r?s z mu* sug> z juice 9 mak+ jelly4 ,if ! precipitate--pect9--is n held toge!r 9 a lump or is less ?an ?ree-f\r?s ( ! :ole volume ( juice1 add less sug> 9 proportion to juice4 ,if less ?an "o-half =ms a lump1 add pect9 to make ! jelly1 or c ! juice = use z a bev]age1 flavor+1 & s =?4 #g4 ,if fruit juice meets jelly-mak+ te/ put on to cook4 #h4 ,add requir$ am\nt ( sug> aft] juice beg9s to boil or midway 9 ! process4 #i4 ,/ir until sug> is dissolv$4 #aj4 ,cook rapidly1 b n h>d4 #aa4 ,te/ to det]m9e :5 jelly /age is rea*$ by dipp+ a clean spoon into boil+ juice4 ,remove & all[ juice to drip f x4 ,if done1 two drops w break simultane\sly f side ( spoon4 ,"s pref] to wait until mass %eets (f f side ( spoon4 ,bett] /ill1 use !rmomet]4 #ab4 ,remove f fire & skim4 #ac4 ,p\r imm$iately into hot1 /]iliz$ glasses4 #ad4 ,:5 cool add hot melt$ p>aff94 ,melt ! p>aff9 9 a little c(feepot or pit*] ) sp\t1 s x w p\r easily4 #ae4 ,cov]1 label & /ore4 ,no "t c be giv5 = jelly mak+1 = sev]al ?+s ent] into consid]ation3 ,! proportion ( pect9 9 ! juice1 ! am\nt ( wat] us$ 9 cook+ ! fruit & ! proportion ( sug> to juice2 ! m sug> us$1 ! less "t ne$$4 ,,jams ,,& ,,butt]s ,jams & butt]s are n s difficult to make z jellies4 #a4 ,c>efully wa% b]ries & fruits4 #b4 ,weigh ! fruit on /&>d scales or1 if scales are n conv5i5t1 use measur+ cup4 #c4 ,ma% b]ries4 ,cut l>ge fruits into sev]al pieces4 #d4 ,add en\gh wat] to prev5t /ick+4 #e4 ,/ir to keep f burn+4 #f4 ,cook g5tly until ! mass beg9s to ?ick54 #g4 ,measure sug>1 us+ ?ree-f\r?s "p ( sug> to "o "p fruit4 ,t is1 = e p\nd ( fruit use ?ree-f\r?s ( a p\nd ( sug>1 or to e cup ( fruit use ?ree-f\r?s ( a cup ( sug>4 #h4 ,cont9ue cook+1 all[+ ! jam to simm] g5tly4 #i4 ,cook ! mixture until ! desir$ consi/5cy is rea*$4 ,:5 a little ( ! jam falls 9 heavy drops f ! spoon1 x is ?ick en\gh4 #aj4 ,a small am\nt ( mix$ gr\nd spices1 v9eg> or cry/alliz$ g+] c be add$ if desir$4 #aa4 ,p\r into hot1 /]iliz$ glasses to )9 "o-half in* ( ! top4 #ab4 ,all[ to cool1 seal ) p>aff91 cov]1 label & /ore4 ,fruit butt]s are always s(t] ?an jam4 ,m>malades are made mu* z are jams4 ,! r9d is usually us$ 9 lemon1 orange & grapefruit m>malades4 ,cons]ves consi/ ( a comb9ation ( sev]al fruits4 ,nuts & rais9s are (t5 add$ to cons]ves4 ,pres]ves are ?ick mixtures conta9+ sug> equal to at lea/ ?ree-f\r?s ( ! weight ( ! fruit4 ,if y wi% to elim9ate ! necessity ( us+ p>aff9 or o!r wax tops = jellies1 jams & pres]ves1 y c use ! cold-pack me?od ( cann+4 ,y may h conta9]s ) screw or bail tops :i* y wi% to use 9 ?is way4 ,! foll[+ is "o recipe %[+ h[ to proce$4 ,*]ry ,pres]ves4 ,place "o gallon ( wat] 9 a kettle & add t5 p\nds ( pitt$ *]ries4 ,boil sl[ly = eighte5 m9utes4 ,add twelve p\nds ( granulat$ sug> & cook until product is boil+ at a temp]ature ( #bai degrees4 ,cool quickly 9 %all[ pans4 ,pack into glass j>s4 ,put rubb] & cap 9 position1 n tight4 ,cap & tip if us+ enamel$ t9 cans4 ,if us+ a hot-wat]-ba? outfit1 /]ilize tw5ty m9utes2 if us+ a wat]-seal outfit1 a five-p\nd /eam-pressure outfit or a pressure-cook] outfit1 /]ilize fifte5 m9utes4 ,remove j>s4 ,tight5 cov]s4 ,inv]t to cool & te/ ! jo9ts4 ,wrap j>s ) pap] to prev5t blea*+ & /ore4 ,:5 us+ pressure-cook] outfits on pres]ves1 keep ! valve op5 dur+ p]iod ( /]ilization4 ,fruit ,juices4 ,fruit juices furni% a heal?ful & delici\s dr9k & are readily cann$ at home4 ,grapes1 raspb]ries & o!r small fruits may be cru%$ 9 a fruit press or put 9 a clo? sack1 heat$ = ?irty m9utes1 or until ! juice runs freely1 & all[$ to drip4 ,/ra9 ?r\gh two ?icknesses ( cotton flannel to remove ! s$im5t1 sweet5 slightly1 bottle1 close by fill+ ! neck ( ! bottle ) a ?ick pad ( /]iliz$ cotton1 heat to #afj degrees1 or until air bubbles beg9 to =m on ! bottom ( ! cook]1 & keep at ?is temp]ature "o h\r & a half to two h\rs2 or heat to #bjj degrees1 or until ! bubbles beg9 to rise to ! top ( ! wat]1 & hold at ?is temp]ature = ?irty m9utes4 ,! hot wat] comes up to ! neck ( ! bottle4 ,cork )\t remov+ ! cotton4 ,if cann$ 9 j>s close ! j> p>tly1 & seal tight aft] cook+4 ,fruit juices %\ld nev] be heat$ above #bjj degrees1 z a high] temp]ature injures ! flavor4 ,/rawb]ry ,pres]ves4 #a4 ,add ?irty-five ounces ( sug> to "o-half p9t ( wat]2 br+ to a boil & skim4 ,) ?is am\nt ( sirup ! b]ries c be pack$ attractively )\t float+ & no sirup w be left ov]4 ,to ?is am\nt ( sirup add exactly two & ?ree-f\r?s p\nds ( wa%$1 capp$ & /emm$ /rawb]ries4 ,boil ! fruit until x regi/]s #bbb degrees ,fahr5heit on a c&y or *emical !rmomet]4 ,if no !rmomet] is available boil until ! sirup is v heavy--ab\t z ?ick z molasses4 ,remove ! scum4 ,fill ! /]iliz$ j>s full ( hot b]ries4 ,p\r 9 en\gh ( ! hot sirup to fill ! j>1 leav+ z little air space z possible4 ,put /]iliz$ r+s & caps on at once1 b d n fa/5 tightly4 ,/& ! seal$ j>s 9 tepid wat] up to _! necks if possible4 ,br+ ?is wat] to a boil4 ,let p9t j>s /ay 9 ! boil+ wat] = at lea/ fifte5 m9utes & qu>t j>s at lea/ tw5ty-five m9utes2 !n close caps tightly at once4 ,at ! conclusion ( ! op]ation1 /& ea* j> = a mom5t on its cap to make sure t ! seal is absolutely tight4 ,recipe ,numb] #b4 ,! foll[+ me?od is pref]r$ by "s because x leaves m ( ! natural color 9 ! pres]ves3 ,to two p\nds ( wa%$1 capp$ & /emm$ /rawb]ries add tw5ty-six ounces sug>2 let /& ov]-night4 ,9 ! morn+ p\r juice ?us obta9$ into a pres]v+ kettle1 add b]ries & cook to #bbb degrees ,fahr5heit1 or until ! sirup is v heavy4 ,pack & /]ilize1 z 9 ,recipe ,numb] #a4 ,^! recipes c be us$ = all o!r b]ries4 ,:5 wet wea!r makes /rawb]ries too s(t or s&y = ! table1 !y are /ill useful = mak+ /rawb]ry acid1 a ?ick sirup :i*1 mix$ ) wat]1 ice & p]haps spe>m9t1 makes a cool+ summ] dr9k4 ,/rawb]ries--,sun ,pres]ves4 ,select firm ripe b]ries2 hull & r9se4 ,place !m 9 a %all[ platt] 9 a s+le lay]2 spr9kle sug> ov] !m4 ,p\r ov] !m a ?ick sirup made ( "o qu>t ( wat] & elev5 p\nds ( sug>1 boil$ until v ?ick4 ,cov] !m ) a glass di% or a pla9 w9d[ glass4 ,all[ !m to /& 9 ! hot sun eight to twelve h\rs4 ,pack !m 9 jelly glasses & cov] ) p>aff9 or put 9 regul> glass j>s or t9 cans4 ,put ! rubb] & cap 9 position1 n tight4 ,cap & tip or seal if us+ enamel$ t9 cans4 ,/]ilize = ! l5g? ( "t giv5 bel[ = ! p>ticul> type ( outfit us$3 ,,m9utes ,hot-wat] ba?1 homemade or comm]cial #bj ,wat] seal1 #bad degrees #ae ,/eam pressure #aj ,remove ! j>s1 tight5 ! cov]s1 inv]t ! j>s to cool1 & te/ ! jo9t4 ,wrap ! j>s 9 pap] to prev5t blea*+4 ,:5 us+ /eam-pressure or pressure-cook+ outfit on pres]ves1 rememb] to keep ! valve op5 dur+ ! /]iliz+4 ,,special ,,directions ,,= ,,jelly ,,& ,,jam ,,mak+ ,apples v>y 9 ! p]c5tage ( sug> & acid !y conta92 a f9e flavor$ acid apple %\ld be us$ :5 possible4 ,w9t] apples are be/ = jelly mak+4 ,if necess>y to make apple jelly 9 ! spr+1 add juice ( #a lemon to e p9t ( apple juice4 ,apricots are delici\s comb9$ ) p9eapple4 ,blackb]ries1 eld]b]ries & loganb]ries make delici\s juices & %rubs = summ] bev]ages4 ,! total "t ( mak+ blueb]ry jelly ne$ n exce$ #aj m9utes4 ,cranb]ries are n always put ?r\gh a jelly bag1 b are rubb$ ?r\gh a sieve4 ,*]ries are mo/ delici\s if pres]v$ 9 ! sun4 ,a good comb9ation = pres]ves is equal p>ts ( *]ries & /rawb]ries4 ,crab apples c be comb9$ ) "s juices1 su* z pea*1 pe> & p9eapple1 to furni% necess>y pect94 ,"o-half currants & "o-half raspb]ries make a delici\s jelly2 currants are 9 be/ condition = jelly mak+ f ,june #bh to ,july #c4 ,black currant jam is consid]$ q a delicacy ^! days4 ,acid grapes are be/ = jelly2 sweet1 ripe grapes conta9 too mu* sug>4 ,equal portions ripe & gre5 grapes are satisfactory4 ,if gooseb]ries are fully ripe !y make f9]-flavor$ jam ?an d gre5-z-grass gooseb]ries4 ,"s wom5 are successful 9 mak+ pea* jelly1 b be sure to te/ = pect9 be=e complet+ ! process1 to save "t & ef=t4 ,p9eapple is be/ cann$ alone or us$ z f\ndation = cons]ves4 ,an und]ripe1 acid plum is be/4 ,plums & apples comb9$ make an excell5t ta/+ jelly4 ,qu9ce p>+s are (t5 us$ = jelly1 ! bett] "p ( ! fruit be+ us$ = pres]v+4 ,raspb]ries & o!r b]ries %\ld n be ga!r$ aft] a ra91 = !y w h absorb$ s mu* wat] z to make x difficult1 )\t excessive boil+1 to get ! juice to jell4 ,rhub>b is an excell5t f\ndation = ! m exp5sive fruit4 ,x w take ! flavor ( o!r fruits & ?us we c make an o!rwise exp5sive jam g a long way4 ,/rawb]ries comb9e well ) o!r fruits & c be utiliz$ 9 _m ways4 ,select s\r1 smoo?-sk9n$ oranges4 ,lemon ,m>malade4 ,aft] ! #i oranges & #f lemons are slic$1 put 9 kettle2 add #d qu>ts wat]1 cov] & let /& #cf h\rs2 !n boil #b h\rs4 ,add #h p\nds sug> & boil "o h\r long]4 ,grapefruit us$ alone is bitt]4 ,oranges or lemons or bo? are usually comb9$ ) grapefruit4 ,all wild fruits or b]ries us$ = jelly mak+ mu/ be fre% & n ov]ripe4 ,b>b]ry jelly is firm] & ( bett] color if made f fruit pick$ be=e ! fro/ comes1 :ile "s ( ! b]ries are /ill gre54 ,,*>t ,,= ,,jelly ,,& ,,jam ,,mak+ ,,k9d ,,( ,,fruit,,"* ,,( ,,h[ ,,to ,,am\nt ,,( ,,am\nt ,,( ,,fruit ,,prep>e ,,wat] ,,ne$$ ,,sug> ,,ne$$ ,,= ,,cook+ ,,= ,,jelly+ ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- ,,apples1 ,,s\r ,excell5t ,wa%1 ,"o-half z cupful ( = jelly disc>d any mu* wat] sug> to #a mak+ uns\nd z fruit cupful ( portions1 juice cut into small pieces4 ,include ,,apricots ,n suitable,leave a few ,= jam use cupful ( = jelly /ones 9 j en\gh sug> to #a mak+4 = flavor4 wat] to cupful ( ,excell5t keep f apricots = = jam4 burn+ jam ,,blackb]ries ,excell5t ,wa% #a cupful ( cupful ( = jelly wat] to #e sug> to #a mak+ qu>ts ( cupful ( b]ries juice ,,blueb]ries ,excell5t ,wa% #a cupful ( #a cupful ( = jelly wat] to #e sug> to #a mak+2 make qu>ts ( cupful ( a sweet b]ries juice jelly ,,cranb]ries ,excell5t ,wa% ,"o-half z cupful ( = jelly mu* wat] sug> to #a mak+ z b]ries cupful ( juice ,,*]ries ,pect9 mu/ ,pit ! ,= jam1 use cupful ( be add$ =*]ries =j en\gh sug> to #a jelly mak+ jam wat] to cupful ( keep f *]ries = burn+ jam ,,crab ,,apples ,excell5t ,same z ,"o-half z cupful ( = jelly apples mu* wat] sug> to #a mak+ z apples cupful ( juice ,,currants1 ,,r$ ,excell5t ,d n #a cupful ( #a cupful ( = jelly remove /ems wat] to #e sug> to #a mak+ = jelly qu>ts ( cupful ( currants juice ,,currants1 ,bett] = ,remove /ems,en\gh wat] cupful ( ,,black jam to keep f sug> to #a /ick+ cupful ( currants ,,grapes1 ,excell5t ,wa%1 d n#a cupful ( #a cupful ( ,,unripe = jelly /em2 use wat] to #e sug> to #a mak+ /ems qu>ts ( cupful ( grapes juice ,,gooseb]ries ,excell5t ,head & #a cupful ( #a cupful ( = jelly tail1 us+ wat] to #e sug> to #a mak+ scissors qu>ts ( cupful ( gooseb]ries juice ,,pea*es ,pect9 mu/ ,pea*es1 ,j en\gh cupful ( be add$ = apples & wat] to sug> to #a jelly mak+rais9s make keep f cupful ( a delici\s burn+ juice cons]ve ,,p9eapples ,pect9 mu/ ,prep>e z ,= jams1 cupful ( be add$ = = table en\gh wat] sug> to #a jelly mak+ use to keep f cupful ( burn+ juice ,,plums1 ,suitable = ,ma% fruit #a qu>t ( cupful ( ,,gre5gage jelly mak+ & remove wat] = sug> to #a /ems2 cook ea* peck ( cupful ( /ones ) fruit juice fruit ,,plums1 ,,damson,suitable = ,wipe & #a qu>t ( cupful ( jelly mak+ pick ov]2 wat] = sug> to #a prick e peck cupful ( sev]al ( plums juice times ) l>ge p9 ,,qu9ces ,excell5t ,cut out ! ,"o-half z cupful ( = jelly blossom end4 mu* wat] sug> to #a mak+1 if ,ma% & cut z qu9ces cupful ( n too 9 qu>t]s juice ripe4 ,if s1 add crab apple ,,raspb]ries ,excell5t ,wa% !m #a cupful ( #a cupful ( = jelly ?or\ghly1 wat] to #e sug> to #a mak+ b d n qu>ts ( cupful ( let !m b]ries juice soak 9 ! wat] ,,rhub>b ,pect9 mu/ ,wa% & cut ,= jam1 cupful ( be add$ = into small half z mu* sug> to #a jelly pieces wat] z cupful ( mak+4 fruit4 juice ,bett] = jam4 ,,/rawb]ries ,pect9 mu/ ,wa% & ,= jam1 cupful ( be add$ = remove j en\gh sug> to #a jelly hulls4 wat] to cupful ( mak+4 keep f pulp4 burn+4 ,,citrus ,,fruits ,,oranges ,excell5t ,= orange ,cook 9 ,?ree-qu>t]s = jelly m>malade wat] to _! weight mak+ & weigh cov]4 9 sug>4 m>malade oranges slice cross- wise ) %>p knife z ?9 z possible2 remove se$4 ,,lemons ,excell5t ,= #h p\nds ( = jelly m>malade #i sug> mak+ & oranges & to supply #f lemons are pect9 to a good o!r fruitscomb9ation ,,grapefruit ,be/ = ,grapefruit ,?ree-qu>t]s m>malades is slic$ _! weight v ?91 9 sug>4 se$ remov$4 ,,wild ,,fruits ,,raspb]ries1 ,all ,prep>e z ,j en\gh #a cupful ( ,,blackb]ries1 excell5t o!r wat] to sug> to #a ,,b>b]ries1 = jelly fruits4 keep f cupful ( ,,grapes1 ,,bea* mak+4 burn+4 juice4 ,,plums4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- ,,*apt] ,,vii ,,meat ,cann$ meat adds v>iety to ! diet 9 ! w9t]-"t & makes a pleasant *ange f ! cur$ & smok$ meats4 ,y put meat into j>s 9 ! raw /ate & ext5d ! /]iliz+ p]iod or y c cook ! meat p>tially or completely & !n /]ilize = a %ort] p]iod ( "t4 ,( c\rse a reliable me?od ( cann+ meat mu/ be us$1 su* z ! cold-pack process1 :]e ! /]iliz+ is done 9 ! t9 or j> 9 ei!r boil+ wat] or /eam "u pressure4 ,we usually recomm5d ! p>tial cook+1 roa/+ or boil+ ( ! meat be=e cann+ especially = beg9n]s4 ,if y are a beg9n] 9 ! bus9ess ( cold-pack cann+ !n by all means cook ! meat be=e putt+ x 9 cans4 ,if y h cann$ peas1 beans & corn successfully = ye>s !n y are ready = all k9ds ( raw meat cann+4 ,to save criticism ( ! cold-pack me?od ( cann+ meat & to gu>d aga9/ any dang] f eat+ poorly prep>$ & improp]ly /]iliz$ meat we d n urge beg9n]s to exp]im5t ) meat1 al?\gh ! meat c be safely cann$ by any "o :e!r new at ! cann+ game or a vet]an 9 x if directions are c>efully foll[$4 ,b x is ! big ,if t we h to wat*4 ,_m f>m]s & f>m]ettes are cann+ meats ( all k9ds all ov] ! c\ntry & !re is nev] a c lo/4 ,we ne$ m meat cann+ done at home & y c d x if y w practice cleanl9ess 9 all y\r "w & foll[ directions4 ,! fe> ( gett+ botul9us bact]ia f eat+ cann$ meat is j a bug-a-boo4 ,x %\ld be cle>ly und]/ood t botulism is "o ( ! v r>e maladies4 ,! *ances = gett+ x by eat+ cann$ goods1 say ! exp]ts1 is r less ?an ! *ances f dy+ ( lockjaw e "t y scrat* y\r f+]4 ,to reg>d e c z a s\rce ( botulism is worse ?an reg>d+ e dog z a s\rce ( hydrophobia4 ,moreov]1 = ! v timid1 !re is ! com=t+ c]ta9ty t ! exce$+ly slight dang] is completely elim9at$ by re-cook+ ! cann$ food = a %ort "t be=e eat+ x4 ,!re are always a few cases ( illness traceable to bad food1 n only to cann$ food b to spoil$ meats1 fi%1 bad milk1 oy/]s & a numb] ( ?+s4 ,!re are also cases ( injury & dea? by /reet accid5ts1 b we d n = t reason /op us+ ! /reets4 ,if y put good meat into ! c & d y\r cann+ "r !n y w h good results4 ,nev] put into a c meat t is ab\t ready to spoil1 ?9k+ !reby to save x4 ,if y want to be absolutely sure1 ev5 if ! j> ( meat seems p]fectly fre% :5 x is op5$1 y c re-cook ! meat1 ?us insur+ y\rself aga9/ any possibility ( botul9us poison+4 ,s y see1 !re is no?+ at all al>m+ ab\t t frightful s\nd+ ^w botul9us4 ,us+ fre% products1 do+ ! cann+ prop]ly & reheat+ be=e s]v+ elim9ates all dang]4 ,= cann+ meat1 t9 cans are 9 mo/ respects sup]ior to glass1 z !y elim9ate all dang] ( breakage1 pres]ve ! meat j z well z glass1 & by exclud+ ! light prev5t any *ange ( color4 ,if y use glass j>s be sure to get ! be/ br& ( j> rubb]s on ! m>ket4 ,?is is v important4 ,if1 z ,i h said1 y are a beg9n]--cook ! meat fir/ by fry+1 roa/+1 broil+1 bak+ or /ew+--j z y w\ld prep>e x = imm$iate use4 ,! meat is usually season$ accord+ to ta/e & is cook$ until ?or\ghly heat$ ?r\gh1 be=e putt+ 9 ! cans4 ,d n cook until t5d] z t w be too long ) ! additional /]iliz+4 ,if too t5d] x w fall ap>t & be unappetiz+ al?\gh p]fectly good4 ,see t no?+ is wa/$ 9 ! cann+4 ,if y are cann+ a "y /e] or a calf y w\ld g ab\t x z foll[s3 ,select ! meat t y w\ld ord9>ily want4 ,slice ! meat want$ = /eak4 ,:at is n suit$ = ei!r ( ^! c be us$ = /ews1 or be put ?r\gh ! meat gr9d] & made into sausage meat1 =m$ into little cakes1 fri$ & cann$4 ,:at meat is left cl++ to all bones w be utiliz$ :5 ! bones are boil$ = s\p /ock4 ,! s9ews1 ! head & ! feet1 aft] be+ clean$ may be us$ = s\p /ock also4 ,! liv] %\ld be soak$ 9 wat]1 ! co>se ve9s cut out & ! liv] sk9n$ & prep>$ any way t is desir$ be=e cann+ x or x may be made into liv] sausage4 ,! he>t c be us$ = g\la%4 ,! kidneys %\ld be soak$ 9 salt wat]1 split op5 & ! little sack remov$2 !n !y c be ei!r /ew$ or fri$ & !n cann$4 ,! sweetbreads may be prep>$ 9 v>i\s ways & !n cann$4 ,! bra9 is soak$ 9 wat] to remove ! blood1 & ! membrane enclos+ x is remov$4 ,x c be fri$ or prep>$ 9 any favorite way & !n cann$4 ,! ox tail is us$ = s\p4 ,! tongue is soak$ 9 wat]1 scrubb$1 clean$1 salt$1 boil$1 sk9n$ & pack$ 9 cans ) "s s\p /ock add$4 ,if y d n c>e to use ! head = s\p /ock & if x comes f a "y animal1 split x op5 & soak 9 cold wat]4 ,use a bru% & scrub ?or\ghly4 ,remove ! eyes & muc\s membrane ( ! no/rils & !n boil x4 ,aft] x is boil$1 remove all meat & make a mock turtle /ew or rag\t4 ,prep>e ! tripe z = table use & !n c4 ,aft] ! s\p /ock is made & ! bones are crack$ = a second cook+1 ! bones ne$ n be ?r[n away4 ,y c dry !m1 run !m ?r\gh a bone cru%] & ei!r fe$ !m to ! *ick5s or use !m = f]tiliz]4 ,9 ?is way n a p>ticle ( ! dress$ animal is wa/$4 ,"h are a few ways to utilize ! cuts t are really left-ov]s4 ,,g\la% #b ,p\nds ( meat scraps :i* c consi/ ( beef1 veal or pork4 #b ,ounces ( any fat4 #b ,onions *opp$ f9e4 #a ,/alk cel]y1 cut 9 small pieces4 #b ,c>rots4 #b ,cups tomatoes ei!r cann$ or fre%4 #a ,bay leaf4 #f ,:ole cloves4 #f ,pepp]corns4 #a ,blade mace or a little ?yme or bo?4 ,a little fl\r4 #a ,tablespoonful *opp$ p>sley4 ,salt & paprika to ta/e4 ,cut ! meat into "o in* squ>es & roll 9 fl\r4 ,melt ! fat 9 ! fry+ pan1 add ! vegetables 7onions1 cel]y1 c>rots7 & br[n lightly3 add ! meat & br[n4 ,/ir ) a spoon or =k to prev5t burn+4 ,:5 br[n$ empty into a pan4 ,put ! bay leaf1 cloves1 pepp]corns1 mace & ?yme into a *eeseclo? bag & add to ! meat1 add tomatoes4 ,cov] ) s\p /ock or wat] & simm] #de m9utes if x is go+ to be cann$4 ,if = imm$iate use1 #b h\rs w be necess>y to ?or\ghly cook x4 ,remove ! spices1 season ) salt1 paprika & ! *opp$ p>sley4 ,y c add ,worce/]%ire sauce or soy sauce if desir$4 ,use only small quantities z ^! sauces are v /rong 9 _! di/9ctive flavor4 ,put hot mixture into cans & /]ilize4 ,if ! diff]5t spices are n at h& a good g\la% c be made by us+ ! meat1 fat1 onions1 tomatoes1 fl\r1 salt & pepp] & omitt+ ! re/ ( ! recipe4 ,,liv] ,,sausage ,beef1 veal1 or hog liv]4 ,remove ! membrane & cut away ! l>ge blood vessels4 ,soak 9 wat] #a to #b h\rs to draw out blood4 ,boil until done4 ,:5 cool$ put ?r\gh a food *opp] or grate f9ely4 ,take half z mu* boil$ fat pork z liv]4 ,divide ?is fat into two portions2 *op "o portion into "o-qu>t] in* cubes2 pass ! o!r portion ?r\gh ! food *opp]2 mix all toge!r ?or\ghly2 add salt1 gr\nd cloves1 pepp]1 & a little grat$ onion to ta/e4 ,a little ?yme & m>joram may be add$ to suit ta/e4 7,= a liv] weigh+ #a p\nds add p\nds fat pork1 #c to #d teaspoonfuls salt1 teaspoonful cloves1 teaspoonful pepp]1 #a small onion1 teaspoonful ?yme1 & p9* ( m>joram47 ,?is mixture is /uff$ into l>ge cas+s4 7,if no cas+s are available1 make cas+s ( clean :ite musl947 ,cov] ) boil+ wat]1 br+ to a boil1 & boil = #aj m9utes4 ,pack into cans1 fill 9 ) ! wat] 9 :i* ! sausages 7 boil$4 ,/]ilize4 ,?is liv] sausage may also be made f ! raw liv] & raw pork1 b 9 t case ! /]iliz+ is = a long] p]iod1 z ! "t-table indicates4 ,?is recipe is recomm5d$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture4 ,,head ,,*eese ,cut a hog's head into f\r pieces4 ,remove ! bra9s1 e>s1 sk91 sn\t & eyes4 ,cut (f ! fatte/ p>ts = l>d4 ,put ! lean & bony p>ts to soak ov] night 9 cold wat] 9 ord] to extract ! blood & dirt4 ,:5 ! head is clean$ put x ov] ! fire to boil1 us+ wat] en\gh to cov] x4 ,boil until ! meat sep>ates readily f ! bones4 ,!n remove x f ! fire & pick out all ! bones4 ,dra9 (f ! liquor1 sav+ a "p ( x = future use4 ,*op ! meat up f9ely ) a *opp+ knife4 ,return x to ! kettle & p\r on en\gh ( ! liquor to cov] ! meat4 ,let x boil sl[ly = fifte5 m9utes to a half-h\r4 ,season to ta/e ) salt & pepp] j be=e remov+ x f ! fire4 ,bay leaves1 a little gr\nd cloves & allspice may be add$ & boil$ a %ort "t 9 ! s\p4 ,pack :ile hot 9 cans to )9 in* ( top4 ,/]ilize4 ,?is head *eese is always s]v$ cold4 ,,corn$ ,,beef ,aft] beef has be5 prop]ly corn$ = ?ree weeks1 remove ! meat f ! br9e4 ,soak = two h\rs 9 cle> wat]1 *ang+ wat] once4 ,place 9 a wire basket & boil sl[ly = half an h\r4 ,remove f ! boil+ wat]1 plunge into cold wat]1 & remove gri/le1 bone & excessive fat4 ,cut into small pieces & pack closely into cans4 ,add no salt & proce$ z 9 o!r cann+4 ,,cann$ ,,pork ,aft] ! animal has be5 kill$1 cool quickly & keep ! pork cool = at lea/ #bd h\rs4 ,c only lean portions1 us+ ! fat to make l>d4 ,place meat 9 a wire basket or *eeseclo? & boil #cj m9utes1 or roa/ 9 ! ov5 = #cj m9utes4 ,cut into small sections & pack closely into cans4 ,add salt & proce$ ) rema9d] ( process4 ,o!r pieces ( beef & pork3 ,hamburg /eak1 sausage1 v5ison1 squirrel1 raccoon1 opossum1 lamb1 are cann$ z foll[s3 ,aft] clean+1 season & fry1 roa/1 /ew1 or bake 9 ov5 z ?\gh prep>+ = s]v+ directly on ! table4 ,cook until meat is ab\t ?ree f\r?s done4 ,pack :ile hot into sanit>y t9 cans or glass j>s4 ,p\r ov] ! meat ! hot liquids1 gravies1 dress+s1 etc41 or hot wat]4 ,add salt & proce$ z 9 any o!r cold-pack cann+4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,c ,,p\ltry ,,& ,,game ,,) ,,! ,,bones ,,remov$ ,kill bird & draw imm$iately2 wa% c>efully & cool2 !n cut into conv5i5t sections4 ,boil until ! meat c be remov$ f ! bones2 remove f ! boil+ liquid & take out all bones2 pack closely into glass j>s or enamel$ cans2 fill j>s ) ! hot liquid aft] x has be5 conc5trat$ "o half2 add #a level teaspoonful salt to e qu>t ( meat = season+2 put rubb]s & top ( j>s 9 place b n tight4 ,if us+ enamel$ cans completely seal4 ,/]ilize ! l5g? ( "t giv5 9 ! "t-table on page #ajh ( ?is book4 ,aft] ! /]iliz+ remove ! j>s2 tight5 ! cov]s if glass 0 us$2 inv]t to cool & te/ jo9ts4 ,wrap ) pap] to prev5t blea*+4 ,,fri$ ,,spr+ ,,*ick5 ,aft] clean+ & prep>+ ! *ick5s1 season & fry z ?\gh = s]v+ directly on ! table4 ,cook until ! meat is ab\t ?ree-f\r?s done4 ,if a :ole spr+ *ick51 break ! neck & bo? legs & fold ar\nd body ( *ick54 ,roll up tight1 tie a /r+ ar\nd ! *ick5 & drop ?is hot1 p>tially fri$ product into sanit>y t9 cans or glass j>s4 ,a qu>t t9 c 7,no4 #c7 w hold two to f\r small *ick5s4 ,p\r liquid f ! griddle or fry+ pan into ! c ov] ! *ick54 ,proce$1 z 9 any o!r cann+1 ) ! seal+1 /]iliz+ & remov+ ( ! j>s4 ,*ick5 fries cann$ 9 ! late fall pres]ve ! meat at ! mo/ delici\s /age & fur!rmore we avoid ! exp5se ( fe$+ ! *ick5s ?r\gh\t ! w9t]4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,c ,,cock]els ,:5 cock]els rea* ! po9t 9 _! gr[? :]e x is no long] pr(itable to fe$ !m1 & :5 !y are want$ = home use dur+ ! w9t] mon?s !y %\ld be cann$4 ,?is me?od ( h&l+ ! cock]el n only saves money by cutt+ d[n ! fe$ bill1 b x places 9 ! pantry or cell> ! means ( a delici\s *ick5 d9n] at a "t ( ! ye> :5 ! price ( p\ltry is high4 ,! bird %\ld n be f$ = at lea/ tw5ty-f\r h\rs be=e kill+4 ,x %\ld be kill$ by ! approv$ me?od & pick$ dry4 ,:5 ! fea!rs h be5 remov$ & ! p9 fea!rs drawn ! bird %\ld be cool$ rapidly4 ,?is rapid cool+ aft] kill+ is ess5tial to a good flavor 9 cann$ meat4 ,z soon z ! bird has be5 prop]ly cool$ x %\ld be s+$ & wa%$ c>efully ) a bru%4 ,,cutt+ ,,up ,,& ,,draw+ ,,*ick5s ,mr4 ,george ,f>rell1 a mo/ exp]t cann]1 tells u h[ to g ab\t ?is job ( cann+ *ick54 ,9 prep>+ ! bird = cann+1 c>e %\ld be tak5 9 draw+ x s t ! cont5ts ( ! dige/ive tract d n come 9 contact ) ! meat4 #a4 ,remove ! tops ( ! w+s1 cutt+ at ! fir/ jo9t4 #b4 ,remove ! w+s4 #c4 ,remove ! foot1 cutt+ at ! knee jo9t4 #d4 ,remove ! leg1 cutt+ at ! hip or saddle jo9t4 #e4 ,cut ! remov$ portion ( ! leg into two p>ts at ! jo9t4 #f4 ,place ! bird s ! back ( ! head is t[>d ! op]ator1 cut ?r\gh ! neck bone ) a %>p knife b d n cut ! w9dpipe or gullet4 #g4 ,) ! index f+] sep>ate ! gullet & w9dpipe f ! sk9 ( ! neck4 #h4 ,cut ?r\gh ! sk9 ( ! neck4 #i4 ,) a po9t$ knife cut ?r\gh ! sk9 f ! upp] "p ( ! neck1 ?us sep>at$1 to ! w+4 #aj4 ,leave ! head atta*$ to ! gullet & w9dpipe & loos5 ^! f ! neck d[n z f> z ! crop4 #aa4 ,) a %>p po9t$ knife cut ar\nd ! %\ld] blade1 pull x out ( position & break x4 #ab4 ,f9d ! :ite spots on ! ribs & cut ?r\gh ! ribs on ^! :ite spots4 #ac4 ,cut back to ! v5t2 cut ar\nd x1 & loos54 #ad4 ,beg9 at ! crop & remove ! dige/ive tract f ! bird1 pull+ x back t[>d ! v5t4 #ae4 ,remove ! lungs & kidneys ) ! po9t ( a knife4 #af4 ,cut (f ! neck close to ! body4 #ag4 ,cut ?r\gh ! backbone at ! jo9t or j above ! diaphragm4 #ah4 ,remove ! oil sack4 #ai4 ,sep>ate ! brea/ f ! backbone by cutt+ ?r\gh on ! :ite spots4 #bj4 ,cut ! fillet f ea* side ( ! brea/bone4 #ba4 ,cut 9 %>p at ! po9t ( ! brea/bone1 turn+ ! knife & cutt+ away ! wi%bone ) ! meat4 ,b5d 9 ! bones ( ! brea/bone4 ,,pack+ ,,*ick5 ,use a "o qu>t j>4 ,caution3 ,d n pack ! giblets ) ! meat4 #a4 ,h ! j> hot4 #b4 ,pack ! saddle ) a ?igh inside4 #c4 ,pack ! brea/bone ) a ?igh inside4 #d4 ,pack ! backbone & ribs ) a leg inside4 #e4 ,pack ! legs l>ge end d[nw>d1 alongside ! brea/bone4 #f4 ,pack ! w+s4 #g4 ,pack ! wi%bone4 #h4 ,pack ! fillets4 #i4 ,pack ! neck-bone4 #aj4 ,p\r on boil+ wat] to )9 "o in* ( ! top2 add a level teaspoonful ( salt2 place ! rubb] & cap 9 position1 p>tially seal1 & /]ilize = ! l5g? ( "t giv5 bel[ = ! p>ticul> type ( outfit us$3 ,wat] ba?1 home made or comm]cial 7p9t or qu>t j>s7 #a h\r ,wat] seal1 #bad #c h\rs #e p\nds /eam-pressure #b h\rs #aj to #ae p\nds /eam-pressure #a h\r ,remove j>s2 tight5 cov]s2 inv]t to cool1 & te/ jo9ts4 ,wrap j>s ) pap] to prev5t blea*+4 ,,pigeons ,"y pigeons4 ,dress pigeons1 wa% well1 & roa/ = #cj m9utes ba/+ frequ5tly4 ,"s pieces ( fat bacon put ov] ! brea/s w prev5t !m gett+ too dry4 ,old pigeons4 ,dress1 wa%1 & fry pigeons4 ,br[n "s onions 9 ! fat ) ! pigeons1 us+ a p\nd ( onions to a doz5 birds4 ,cov] ) hot wat] aft] pigeons & onions are a gold5 br[n2 simm] until ! meat is t5d] & c be remov$ f ! bones4 ,add f "t to "t boil+ wat]1 if necess>y1 9 ord] to keep ! birds cov]$4 ,:5 t5d]1 take meat f bones4 ,return ! meat to ! liquor1 salt to ta/e & pack :ile boil+ into cans or j>s1 fill ) liquor to )9 "o-half in* ( top4 ,all small game birds may be cann$ l pigeons4 ,blackbirds may be treat$ l pigeons4 ,!y make an excell5t /ew4 ,,pla9 ,,cann+ ,,( ,,t5d] ,,cotton-,,tails ,,or ,,twice-,,sk9n$ ,,jack-,,rabbits #a4 ,blan* 9 boil+ wat] until ! meat is :ite4 #b4 ,cold dip4 #c4 ,pack tightly 9 /]iliz$ j>s4 #d4 ,add boil+ wat] & #a teaspoonful salt to qu>t4 #e4 ,adju/ rubb] & lid4 #f4 ,/]ilize 9 hot wat] ba? = ?ree h\rs4 #g4 ,remove f ba? & complete ! seal4 ,rabbit meat ?us cann$1 may be s]v$ 9 v>i\s appetiz+ ways4 ,,rabbit ,,sausage ,= rabbit sausage & m9ce-meat only ! backs & legs ( ! c>cass are us$1 disc>d+ ! s9ews4 ,gr9d toge!r equal p>ts ( rabbit & fat pork 7or at lea/ fat pork74 ,! pork may be salt pork if all salt is omitt$ f ! mixture4 ,to e t5 p\nds ( ! above add #f teaspoonfuls salt1 #a teaspoonful ( pepp]1 #b teaspoonfuls p[d]$ sage4 ,mix ?or\ghly4 ,%ape 9 flat cakes & fry till nicely br[n$4 ,pack tightly 9 j>s1 p\r ov] ! fat 9 :i* ! sausage 0 fri$1 & /]ilize4 ,,rabbit ,,m9ce-,,meat ,rabbit m9ce-meat is us$ a great deal on ! pla9s & l>ge quantities ( x are cann$4 ,! m9ce-meat may be made by simply sub/itut+ ! rabbit meat = beef 9 y\r favorite recipe4 ,! foll[+ is an inexp5sive recipe3 #a ,cup ( rabbit meat :i* has be5 p>boil$ 9 salt$ wat] & dra9$1 !n *opp$ f9ely4 #a ,cup *opp$ apple4 ,cup f9ely *opp$ suet4 ,cup se$$ rais9s4 ,cup currants4 #a ,cup molasses or syrup4 #b ,tablespoonfuls sug>4 #a ,tablespoon cid]1 lemon juice1 fruit juice or v9eg>4 ,cup *opp$ wat]melon pickles or gre5 tomato pickles4 #a ,teaspoon ( c9namon or nutmeg4 #a ,teaspoon ( salt4 ,teaspoon cloves1 mace or o!r spice4 ,mix toge!r all +r$i5ts except ! meat1 add ! meat bro? & simm] = ab\t #a h\r4 ,add ! meat4 ,p\r into j>s1 & /]ilize4 ,remove & seal4 ,,/eps ,,9 ,,cann+ ,,meat ,,& ,,game ,= all meat1 p\ltry or game cann+ ! foll[+ g5]al in/ructions %\ld be kept 9 m9d4 #a4 ,/]ilize ! j>s1 caps & rubb]s4 #b4 ,grade ! meat = size4 #c4 ,cut up into conv5i5t portions = cook+ or cann+4 #d4 ,saut1 fry or bake1 broil or /ew z desir$4 ,?is /ep c be omitt$ if y are an exp]i5c$ cann]4 #e4 ,pack 9 /]iliz$1 hot j>s or t9 cans4 #f4 ,add #a level teaspoonful salt p] qu>t ( meat = season+ if n already season$4 #g4 ,if glass j>s put on rubb] & seal1 n too tight4 ,seal t9 cans4 #h4 ,process 9 boil+ wat] or /eam "u pressure4 #i4 ,remove1 completely seal ! j>4 #aj4 ,inv]t to cool & te/ ! jo9t4 #aa4 ,label & /ore4 ,if y c 9 t9 use ! enamel or lacqu]$ cans4 ,a slight am\nt ( wat] 9 ! bottom ( ! j>s ( prep>$ meat w insure quick] /]ilization ( ! air rema9+ 9 ! j>4 ,:]e meat has be5 /ew$ ! liquor c be p\r$ into ! j> = fill+4 ,if y use a /eam-pressure cook] outfit ( c\rse ! "t ( cook+ w be mu* %ort] ?an if y use a wa%-boil] or "s o!r homemade outfit4 ,if y cook 9 boil+ wat] we call t ! wat]-ba? me?od4 ,! foll[+ data w be ( int]e/ to ^? :o contemplate cann+ meat4 ,hog on foot--weight #ejj4 ,liv]1 he>t & a "p ( ! ribs 7 eat5 at ! "t ( but*]+1 !re=e1 n cann$4 ,! rema9d] ( ! ribs cann$ six ,no4 #c cans3 ,ham #ah1 ,no4 #c cans ,%\ld] #ah1 ,no4 #c cans ,roa/ #ah1 ,no4 #c cans ,sausage #bf1 ,no4 #c cans ,ha% #d1 ,no4 #c cans ,gravy #e1 ,no4 #c cans 7:i* is also call$ /ock7 ,! sausage weigh$ #eb lbs4 be=e x 0 cann$1 mak+ #b lbs4 to ! c4 ,!re 7 #bjj lbs4 ( fat = l>d4 ,aft] x 0 r5d]$ !re 7 #agf lbs4 ( l>d & #bj lbs4 ( crackl+s4 ,,"t-,,table ,,= ,,cann+ ,,meat1 ,,p\ltry ,,& ,,game ,a ,,if ,,us+ ,,hot ,,wat] ,,ba? ,,outfit ,,at #bab;,f ,b ,,if ,,us+ ,,wat]-,,seal ,,outfit ,,at #bad;,f ,c ,,if ,,us+ ,,/eam ,,pressure #e ,,p\nds ,d ,,if ,,us+ ,,pressure ,,cook] #ae ,,p\nds ,,"t ,,to ,,/]ilize ,,products ,a ,b ,c ,d ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ,,p>tially ,,cook$ ,,meat ,,( ,,all ,,k9ds ,roa/ beef ,corn$ beef ,sweetbreads ,tongue ,bra9s ,head*eese ,sp>]ibs #a hrs4 #a hr4 #dj m94 #cj m94 ,kidneys ,sausages & o!r meats ,rabbits ,pigeon ,*ick5 ,,uncook$ ,,or ,,raw ,,meat ,beef ,pork #c hrs4 #c hrs4 #b hrs4 #a hr4 ,veal & all o!r meats ,p\ltry & game ,all meat /ocks ) or )\t #a hrs4 #ge m94 #a hr4 #dj m94 vegetables & c]eals ,,note4--,?is "t-table is = ,no4 #b & ,no4 #c t9 cans or p9t & qu>t glass j>s4 ,if l>g] cans or j>s are us$ m "t mu/ be all[$ = ! /]iliz+4 ,if cann+ 9 t91 scrat* on ! c at ! "t ( seal+ ! initial ( ! cont5ts4 ,= in/ance--,s4,r4 means sp>]ibs2 ,g4 means g\la%2 ,r4,b4 means roa/ beef4 ,y c make out y\r li/ & m>k accord+ly4 ,,*apt] ,,viii ,,fi% ,p 9 "s sections ( ! c\ntry are int]e/$ 9 cann+ m\nta9 tr\t & o!rs live :]e !re is an abundant supply ( ei!r fre%-wat] fi% or salt-wat] fi%4 ,h]et(ore we h be5 wa/eful & lax ab\t ! fi% supply4 ,b z we h le>n$ to c vegetables & meats s we are go+ to le>n to c fi%4 ,fi% is really cann$ ! same 9 e /ep aft] prep>ation z peas & corn are cann$4 ,9 ord] to h a good product1 fi% mu/ be fre% :5 cann$4 ,no "t %\ld be lo/ 9 h&l+ ! fi% aft] be+ caught4 ,putrefaction />ts rapidly1 & ! fi% mu/ be h&l$ promptly4 ,! soon] x is cann$ aft] be+ tak5 f lake1 /ream or ocean1 ! bett]4 ,nev] attempt to c any fi% t is /ale4 ,,prep>ation ,,( ,,fi% ,,= ,,cann+ ,z soon z fi% are caught x is advisable to kill !m ) a knife & all[ ! blood to run out4 ,scale fi%4 ,?is is easily done if ! fi% is dipp$ 9 boil+ wat]4 ,= cann+1 mo/ v>ieties ( fi% ne$ n be sk9n$4 ,if ! fi% is v l>ge & co>se1 ! l>ge back f9 may be cut out & ! backbone remov$1 b ) mo/ v>ieties ?is is unnecess>y4 ,cut (f ! head & tail1 be+ c>eful to leave no m meat ?an necess>y on ! p>ts remov$4 ,remove ! entrails & ! d>k membrane t 9 "s fi% 7e4g41 mullets7 cov]s ! abdom9al cavity4 ,?or\ghly clean ! inside4 ,! head may be clean$ & us$ = fi% *[d]4 ,if y wi% to be sure t all blood is drawn out be=e cann+1 place ! fi% 9 a br9e made ( "o ounce ( salt to "o qu>t ( wat]4 ,all[ ! fi% to soak f #aj m9utes to #a h\r accord+ to ! ?ickness ( ! fi%4 ,nev] use ?is br9e b once4 ,if ! meat ( ! fi% is v s(t or loose1 x may be h>d5$ by soak+ 9 a br9e 7/rong en\gh to float an ,iri% potato7 = f #ae m9utes to an h\r1 dep5d+ on ! ?ickness ( ! pieces & ! s(tness ( ! fle%4 ,,cann+ ,,! ,,fi% #a4 ,remove ! fi% f ! br9e :]e x has be5 plac$ 9 ord] to draw out all ! blood & to h>d5 ! texture ( ! fi%4 #b4 ,dra9 well4 #c4 ,cut into c l5g?s4 #d4 ,place fi% 9 a piece ( *eeseclo? or 9 a wire basket & blan* 9 boil+ wat] f ?ree to five m9utes4 ,?ree m9utes = ! s(t fle% fi%1 su* z suck]s1 crappies1 :itefi%4 ,fi% ) a firm] fle%1 z pike1 muskalonge & sunfi% require #e m9utes blan*+4 ,! blan*+ removes ! /rong fi% flavor & cleans ! outside ( ! fi%4 #e4 ,cold-dip ! fi% by plung+ into cold wat] imm$iately4 ,?is makes ! fle% firm4 #f4 ,pack 9 hot j>s or cans to )9 in* f top4 ,add #a teaspoonful salt p] qu>t4 ,put on a good rubb] & p>tially seal ! j>1 completely seal t9 cans4 #g4 ,place j>s or cans 9 cann] & process 9 boil+ wat] = ?ree h\rs4 ,?ree h\rs /]ilization w insure ! keep+ ( all v>ieties ( fi%1 provid+ fre% products are us$ & ! blan*+ & o!r "w is c>efully done4 ,if cann+ ) a /eam-pressure cann] or a pressure cook] /]ilize = "o h\r & a half "u #aj to #ae lbs4 pressure4 #h4 ,at ! end ( ! /]iliz+ p]iod cool ! j>s quickly aft] seal+ completely4 ,! t9 cans may be cool$ by imm]s+ !m 9 cold wat]4 #i4 ,/ore = future use4 ,,s(t5+ ,,( ,,bones ,,9 ,,fi% ,?is c be done satisfactorily "u pressure4 ,! bones ( fi% are compos$ ( l>ge quantities ( h>mless lime1 b\nd by a matrix ( collag51 :i* is insoluble "u ord9>y conditions4 ,:5 subject$ to a high temp]ature "u pressure ?is collag5 is conv]t$ into gelat9 & dissolv$1 leav+ ! bones s(t & friable & ev5 edible4 ,bony fi%1 su* z h]r+ & %ad1 :i* are too small to use o!rwise are greatly improv$ :5 subject$ to /eam "u pressure4 ,! bones 9 h]r+ are s(t5$ 9 #cg m9utes at a temp]ature ( #bdj degrees2 %ad 9 #a h\r2 fl\nd] #a h\r4 ,o!r fi% are fully cook$ & ! bones s(t5$ 9 times approximately proportionate to ! size ( ! bones4 ,! foll[+ table 0 made aft] _m exp]im5ts & gives ! "t requir$ to s(t5 ! bones 9 _m common species ( fi%4 ,! t]m s(t5+ means ! po9t 9 cook+ :5 ! small bones1 ribs1 etc41 are s(t1 b :5 ! l>ge v]tebrae are n yet suffici5tly s(t to be consum$ along ) ! meat4 ,9 "s ( ! l>g] fi%es :]e ! l>ge bones c\ld sc>cely be eat51 ev5 if !y 7 s(t5$1 x w\ld appe> to be a wa/e ( "t & fuel to c>ry !m to a po9t ( complete cook+1 & 9 su* cases x ought to be suffici5t to s(t5 ! small bones & /]ilize ! cont5ts ( ! c4 ,= su* a purpose1 ! s(t5+ r ?an ! s(t po9t1 may be us$4 ,! "t p]iods are measur$ f ! po9t :5 ! giv5 pressure & temp]ature are rea*$ 7at ! top ( ! cook]7 to ! "t :5 ! heat is %ut (f4 ,! heat+-up & cool+-(f p]iod ( "t are !re=e n includ$4 ,! fi% 7 salt$1 b no wat] 0 add$4 ,samples ( fi% cann$ dur+ ! c\rse ( ^! exp]im5ts 7 kept six weeks at room temp]ature 7ab\t #fh ,f47 & 7 !n incubat$ at #ih ,f4 = #dh hrs4 ,all 7 /]ile4 ,,"t ,,requir$ ,,to ,,s(t5 ,,! ,,bones ,,( ,,v>i\s ,,species ,,( ,,fi% ,,9 ,,qu>t ,,j>s ,,or ,,no4 #c ,,t9 ,,cans1 #aj ,,lbs4 ,,pressure1 #bdj ,f4 ,,weight ,,s(t5+,,s(t 7,,lbs47 7,,m9utes77,,m9utes7 ,,black ,,bass ,l>ge #e-f #ajj #abj ,small to #a #ajj #aaj ,,bluefi% ,l>ge #f-i #ij #ajj ,small #a-b #hj #ij ,,butt]fi% ,av]age - #fj #hj ,,catfi% ,l>ge #a-b #gj #hj ,small #fj #gj ,,c]o ,av]age #aj-ac #hj #ij ,,cod ,l>ge #f-af #hj #ij ,small #a-b #ej #fj ,,fl\nd] ,l>ge #a-a #gj #hj ,small -#a #ej #fj ,,haddock ,l>ge #c-e #fj #gj ,small #a-b #ej #fj ,,halibut ,av]age #ej-ij #gj #hj ,,hickory ,,%ad ,av]age #a-b #fj #gj ,,k+fi% ,av]age -#a #fj #gj ,,lemon ,,sole ,l>ge #b-c #hj #ij ,small -#b #fj #gj ,,mack]el ,av]age -#a #fj #gj ,,mack]el1 ,,spani% ,av]age #a-b #ajj #aaj ,,p]*1 ,,:ite ,av]age - #ajj #aaj ,,p]*1 ,,yell[ ,av]age - #ij #ajj ,,pollack ,av]age #e-g #fj #gj ,,salmon ,av]age #ac-ai #ij #ajj ,,sea ,,bass ,av]age #a-a #fj #gj ,,squeteague ,l>ge #b-d #hj #ij ,small -#b #ej #fj ,,smelts ,l>ge1 p] lb4 #e-g #fj #gj ,small1 p] lb4 #ae-bj #ej #fj ,,snapp]1 ,,r$ ,l>ge #aj-ae #aaj #abj ,small #e-f #ij #ajj ,,suck] ,av]age -#a #hj #ij ,,tilefi% ,av]age #f-ab #ij #ajj ,,:it+ ,av]age -#a #ej #fj ,,fri$ ,,fi% #a4 ,clean ! fi% & remove entrails4 ,split along ! back & remove backbone4 #b4 ,place 9 br9e /rong en\gh to float an ,iri% potato4 ,all[ fi% to rema9 9 ?is br9e f #aj m9utes to #a h\r accord+ to ! ?ickness ( ! fle%4 ,?is draws out ! blood & h>d5s ! meat4 #c4 ,draw1 wipe dry4 #d4 ,cut 9 pieces t c g ?r\gh j> or c op5+s4 #e4 ,roll 9 cornmeal or o!r fl\r1 dip into beat5 egg & roll 9 fl\r aga94 #f4 ,!n put into fry+ basket & fry 9 deep fat until nicely br[n$1 or x c be sautd 9 bacon or o!r fat until well br[n$4 #g4 ,dra9 well by plac+ pieces on co>se pap] to absorb excessive fat4 #h4 ,pack into hot j>s or enamel$ t9 cans4 #i4 ,add #a teaspoonful salt p] qu>t4 ,add no liquid4 #aj4 ,p>tially seal glass j>s4 ,completely seal t9 cans4 #aa4 ,process #c h\rs 9 hot wat] ba? outfit4 ,process #a h\rs 9 /eam pressure 7#aj to #ae lbs4 pressure74 #ab4 ,remove f cann]4 ,seal glass j>s4 ,cool quickly z possible4 ,,bak$ ,,fi% ,prep>e & bake fi% same z = table use until half done4 ,pack 9 hot j>s1 add salt & /]ilize ?ree h\rs 9 hot-wat]-ba? outfit or #a h\rs 9 /eam pressure or pressure cook]1 #aj to #ae lbs4 pressure4 ,,ano!r ,,=mula ,,= ,,miscellane\s ,,fi% ,rub ! fi% inside & out ) a mixture made z foll[s3 to #ej p\nds fi%1 mix #b p\nds salt1 #b p\nds br[n sug> & #b ounces saltpet]4 ,let ! fi% /& 9 a cool place = #dh to #fj h\rs ) ! mixture on1 !n wa% & dra94 ,fill into glass j>s or enamel l9$ t9 cans & add ! foll[+ sauce until cans are ne>ly fill$3 p\nd :ole black pepp]1 #a p\nds salt1 #a p\nd ( onions *opp$ f9e1 ounce bay leaves1 p\nd :ole cloves1 #b qu>ts cid] v9eg> & #be qu>ts ( wat]4 ,soak ! pepp]1 cloves & bay leaves = #dh h\rs 9 ! v9eg>4 ,put ! wat]1 salt & onions 9 a kettle4 ,br+ to a boil & cook #cj m9utes1 !n add ! v9eg> & spices4 ,let boil = "o m9ute4 ,/ra9 & x is ready = use4 ,/]ilize = #c h\rs 9 hot-wat]-ba? outfit4 ,/]ilize = #a h\rs 9 /eam pressure or pressure cook] 7#aj to #ae lbs4 pressure74 ,,cann$ ,,fi% ,,9 ,,oil ,rub fi% ) salt1 br[n sug> & saltpet] z above direct$4 ,wa% & dry ?or\ghly 9 ! sun4 ,spread on wire scre5s & dip 9 oil heat$ to a temp]ature ( #cjj degrees4 ,use a /rap h&le plunge !rmomet] to det]m9e heat ( oil4 ,cottonse$ oil may be us$ = ?is purpose1 al?\gh olive oil is be/4 ,z soon z ! fi% are cool en\gh to h&le1 pack tightly 9 cans1 fill+ up ) ! hot oil4 ,/]ilize #c h\rs 9 hot-wat]-ba?-outfit2 #a h\rs 9 /eam pressure or pressure cook] 7#aj to #ae lbs474 ,,cann$ ,,fi% ,,9 ,,tomato ,,sauce ,h&le same z specifi$ "u ,ano!r ,=mula = ,miscellane\s ,fi%1 except p\r 9 ! foll[+ sauce in/ead ( pepp]1 cloves1 onions1 etc43 ,t5 gallons ( tomato pulp 7ma%$ tomatoes & juice ) cores1 se$s & sk9s remov$72 #a gallon cid] v9eg>1 #a p9t ,worce/]%ire sauce2 #b p\nds r$ sweet pepp]s2 #b p\nds sug>1 #b cups salt1 #b p\nds onions 7*opp$ f9e72 #a p\nd ,we/ ,india pepp]s & #a ounce ,saigon c9namon4 ,! fi% are process$ same z ,fi% 9 ,oil4 ,enamel l9$ cans or glass j>s mu/ be us$4 ,,fi% ,,*[d] ,! clean$ heads ( any fi%1 ! backbones cut out ( l>ge fi% ) :at meat adh]es to !m & all o!r fi% scraps may be us$ = fi% *[d]4 ,put all ^! p>ts 9 cold wat] 7to cov]7 & cook until all ! meat c be easily remov$ f ! bones4 ,pick all ! meat f ! bones1 /ra9 ! fi% liquor & return x ) ! pick$ fi% meat to ! kettle4 ,add ! foll[+ +r$i5ts3 ,to e two p\nds ( fi% pick$ f bones & ! liquor 9 :i* fi% 0 cook$ add #f onions1 dic$ or slic$ ?92 #f potatoes1 dic$ or slic$ ?92 #b tablespoonfuls fat2 #a teaspoonful paprika2 #b teaspoonfuls salt or salt to ta/e4 ,cook vegetables1 fat & season+s until vegetables are half done4 ,pack hot 9 cans & /]ilize same z all o!r fi%4 ,:5 ! *[d] is op5$1 heat & add milk accord+ to ta/e4 ,,fi% ,,roe ,= cann+ be sure to use roe ( fre%ly caught fi% & only su* roe z is kn[n to be good to eat4 ,! roe ( "s fi%es1 su* z ! g>fi%1 is n eat54 ,clean ! roe by remov+ ! %r$s & /r+s adh]+ to x & wa% well 9 cold wat]1 be+ c>eful n to break ! roe4 ,soak = #b h\rs 9 a br9e made ( #f qu>ts ( wat] & #f ounces ( salt4 ,dra9 & pack 9 hot glass j>s or enamel$ t9 cans4 ,c = ! same l5g? ( "t z o!r fi%4 ,,oy/]s ,be sure all oy/]s t are to be cann$ are absolutely fre%1 h n s\r$ & conta9 no spoil$ oy/]s4 ,oy/]s are op5$ by h&4 ,all oy/]s %\ld be reject$ t h p>tly op5 %ells1 z ?is is a sign t ! oy/] is dead & consequ5tly n fit to eat4 ,r9se ! oy/]s to prev5t any pieces ( %ell or grit f gett+ into ! cans4 ,blan* #e m9utes4 ,cold-dip4 ,if ! cann$ oy/]s are to be sold x is requir$ by law to m>k on ea* c ! net weight ( solids or meat exclusive ( liquids4 ,!re h be5 a numb] ( /&>d grades ( oy/]s recogniz$ on ! ,baltimore m>ket4 ,!y are giv5 z foll[s3 ,/&>d ,oy/]s 7f\r k9ds74 ,no4 #a cans1 conta9+ respectively #a1 #c1 #d & #e ounces ( meat1 aft] be+ process$ 9 ! cans4 ,no4 #b cans1 conta9+ respectively #c1 #f1 #h & #aj ounces ( meat4 ,select & ,extra ,select ,oy/]s conta9 respectively #f ounces & #ab ounces = ,no4 #a & ,no4 #b cans4 ,! above are ! net weights ( meats only t h be5 dra9$ ov] a /ra9] ) a wire bottom ( in* me%4 ,^! are ! only grades t h s f> be5 recogniz$ by ! trade4 ,an ev5 balance scale1 ) "o plat=m = graduat$ weights & ano!r = articles to be weigh$1 is us$ to weigh oy/]s or clams4 ,x is sugge/$ t ^? :o are go+ to c clams or oy/]s f9d out f _! prospective cu/om]s j :at requirem5ts are z to weights & !n make _! pack meet ! occasion4 ,"u no circum/ances is x advisable to make any mis/atem5ts or misbr& 9 any respect4 ,aft] oy/]s h be5 pack$ 9 ! c1 fill ) boil+ br9e made ( #e qu>ts ( wat] to lb4 salt to )9 in* f top ( c4 ,/]ilize z o!r fi%4 ,,clams ,if clams are receiv$ 9 a muddy condition1 x is advisable1 ?\gh n necess>y to wa% !m be=e op5+4 ,aft] op5+1 disc>d brok5 or discolor$ clams4 ,d n c any clams unless absolutely fre%4 ,blan*4 ,cold-dip4 ,weigh out ! am\nt ( solid meat1 aft] dra9+1 t is to g into ea* c4 ,weigh & label j z oy/]s are weigh$ & label$4 ,fill c to )9 in* f ! top ) boil+ br9e made ( #e gallons ( wat] & #a p\nd ( salt4 ,/]ilize4 ,,clam ,,bro? ,,& ,,*[d] ,place ! clams1 aft] be+ op5$1 9 a kettle ) en\gh cold wat] to cov]4 ,add a few /alks ( cel]y4 ,boil = #aj m9utes4 ,season ) salt1 & pepp] to ta/e & add #a tablespoon butt] to e #ej or #fj l>ge clams4 ,c4 ,clam *[d] c be made accord+ to any recipe & !n cann$4 ,,%rimps ,%rimps :5 fir/ caught are a grayi% :ite color4 ,!y are v delicate & spoil quickly if all[$ to /& = any l5g? ( "t 9 a w>m place4 ,!re are two g5]al me?ods ( cann+ %rimp--! dry pack & wet pack4 ,ne>ly all ! trade n[ calls = wet pack because ! o!r always has a r (f5sive odor & ! meat is nev] s fre% & sweet ( flavor z ! wet pack4 ,cann$ %rimp is v pleas+ to ! ta/e & is pref]r$ by _m to lob/] = salads & /ews4 ,wet ,pack4 ,m$ium sizes are pref]able z v l>ge %rimps are apt to be too t\gh & too dry4 ,put ! %rimps into a wire scald+ basket & l[] into a boil+ hot salt wat] solution made by mix+ "o p\nd ( salt to ea* gallon ( wat]4 ,all[ ! %rimps to rema9 9 ?is ba? = ab\t five m9utes1 !n remove & dra9 ?or\ghly4 ,peel & remove visc]a 7entrails74 ,! boil+ & ! salt w h>d5 ! meat & make ! peel+ comp>atively easy4 ,pack into enamel$ t9 cans or glass j>s4 ,nos4 #a & #a cans are us$ almo/ exclusively4 ,^! sizes %\ld conta9 #d oz & #i ounces ( meat respectively4 ,x is unsafe to put 9 m meat ?an above direct$1 = x might cake & become solid :5 process$4 ,add a v mild br9e to )9 in* f top ( c4 ,= ! br9e use #a teaspoonful salt to #a qu>t ( boil+ wat]4 ,/]ilize4 ,dry ,pack4 ,h&le same z above1 except d n p\r into ! cans any br9e4 ,! fi% is pack$ 9 ! cans & process$ z foll[s )\t ! addition ( any liquor4 ,dry+ ( ,%rimps4 ,aft] %rimps are boil$ & peel$ !y may be dri$4 ,spread on a dri] ( any k9d & dry at a temp]ature ( f #aaj;,f4 to #aej;,f4 ,:5 ?or\ghly dry pack 9 dry clean glass j>s or 9 p>*m5t-pap] l9$ boxes4 ,,salmon ,scale fi%1 clean & wipe dry4 ,d n wa%4 ,if ! fi% are l>ge cut 9 l5g?s to fill ! cans & 9 sizes to pass ?r\gh c op5+s easily4 ,salmon is usually pack$ 9 ,no4 #a cans or 9 flat cans4 ,fill cans ) fi% aft] x has be5 blan*$ #e m9utes & cold dipp$4 ,/]ilize z o!r fi%4 ,_m salmon pack]s lacqu] ! outside ( _! cans to prev5t ru/+4 ,?is is a v advisable po9t4 ,! te/ = uns\nd salmon is ! nose4 ,if ! cont5ts issue an (f5sive odor1 x is uns\nd4 ,freez+ does n hurt cann$ salmon4 ,,am]ican ,,or ,,dome/ic ,,s>d9es ,! fi% taught & us$ = pack+ dome/ic s>d9es belong to ! h]r+ family & are said to be ( ! same species z ! s>d9es ( ,france1 ,portugal & ,spa94 ,!re are two me?ods g5]ally us$ 9 cann+ s>d9es4 ,fir/1 :5 ! fi% are put 9 a sauce su* z mu/>d dress+ or tomato sauce1 & secondly :]e !y are pack$ 9 oil4 ,,cann+ ,,s>d9es ,,9 ,,sauce ,! heads are cut (f1 ! scales tak5 (f & ! fi% clean$4 ,blan* #e m9utes2 cold dip2 dra9 & pack into ! cans dry4 ,cov] ) sauce1 ei!r mu/>d or tomato4 ,,s>d9es ,,9 ,,oil ,! fi% are prep>$ 9 ! same mann] z above describ$ b in/ead ( blan*+ !m1 !y are put 9 wire baskets & imm]s$ 9 boil+ peanut or cottonse$ oil until t5d]4 ,olive oil might be us$1 b is r exp5sive4 ,:5 cook$1 !y are dra9$1 pack$ into cans 9 ord]1 & ! cans fill$ ) olive oil4 ,x is (t5 advisable to salt ! fi% :ile fre% & be=e cook+ z x improves ! flavor4 ,,crab ,,meat ,put #e gallons ( wat] 9 a l>ge kettle4 ,add lb4 ( bak+ soda to x4 ,:5 boil+ vigor\sly ?r[ ! live crabs 9 x & boil quickly = #bj m9utes4 ,remove crabs & wa% !m 9 cold wat]4 ,pick out all meat4 ,wa% ! meat 9 a br9e made ( #a ounce ( salt dissolv$ 9 ?ree qu>ts ( wat]4 ,dra9 & pack 9 enamel$ ,no4 #a flat cans4 ,/]ilize4 ,z soon z ! "t ( /]iliz+ is up1 plunge ! cans imm$iately into cold wat]1 o!rwise crab meat discolors4 ,= ?is reason1 glass j>s are n s well adapt$ to crab meat cann+ z t9 cans4 ,,flak$ ,,codfi% ,! fi% are fir/ clean$ & ! entrails remov$1 !n ! f9s are cut (f4 ,! fi% are !n soak$ = ab\t two h\rs 9 a salt br9e to remove ! blood4 ,?is br9e is made ) ab\t #aj lbs4 ( salt to #h gallons ( wat]4 ,! br9e is !n r9s$ (f & ! fi% are cook$1 ei!r boil$ or cook$ by /eam4 ,:5 codfi% are ?or\ghly cook$1 ! meat w drop (f ( ! bone 9 pieces1 & x is v :ite 9 color & crisp 9 texture4 ,^! pieces are !n brok5 9 suitable sizes & are ready to place 9 ! cans4 ,! cans are fill$ z full z possible1 because aft] process+ ! fi% w %r9k "s4 ,,crawfi% ,! be/ way to c crawfi% is to put x up 9 a b\illon z foll[s3 ,wat]1 #b gallons2 v9eg>1 #a qu>t2 cloves1 #aj2 c>rots 9 slices1 #f2 onions 9 slices1 #f2 cloves ( g>lic1 #c4 ,to ! above %\ld be add$ a good quantity ( pepp] to suit ! ta/e1 a little salt & bun* ( p>sley & a little ?yme4 ,boil sl[ly = ab\t an h\r4 ,?r[ 9 ! crawfi% aft] ! inte/9es h be5 extract$2 to d ?is take ! live crawfi% 9 y\r h& & te> (f ! w+ :i* is 9 ! middle ( ! tail2 x w pull out at ! same "t a little black inte/9e :i* is v bitt]4 ,boil "o or two m9utes1 nev] long]1 put 9 cans & process4 ,,"t-,,table ,,= ,,blan*+ ,,& ,,/]iliz+ ,,fi% ,a ,,scald ,,or ,,blan* ,b ,,hot ,,wat] ,,ba? ,,outfit #bab;,f ,c ,,cond5s$ ,,/eam ,,outfit #bab;,f ,d ,,wat]-,,seal ,,outfit #bad;,f ,e ,,/eam ,,pressure #e ,,to #aj ,,p\nds ,f ,,pressure ,,cook] #aj ,,p\nds ,,numb] ,,( ,,m9utes ,,to ,,/]ilize ,,product ,a ,b ,c ,d ,e ,f ---------------------------------------- -------------------------- ,fi% ( all k9ds #c to #e #c hrs4 #c hrs4#b hrs4#b hrs4 #a hrs4 m94 ,%ell fi% ( all #c m94 #c hrs4 #c hrs4#b hrs4 #b hrs4#a hrs4 k9ds ,,*apt] ,,ix ,,easy ,,me?ods ,,( ,,cann+ ,,9 ,,t9 ,if ! prop] sanit>y requirem5ts are provid$ & in/ructions ( ! cold-pack me?od ( cann+ are foll[$1 x is entirely safe & practical to use t9 cans = all k9ds ( fruits1 vegetables & o!r food products4 ,food poison+--commonly call$ ptoma9e poison+--& ! effects ascrib$ to salts ( t9 result f improp] h&l+ & improp] prep>ation ( ! product be=e pack+1 or f all[+ ! product to /& 9 ! t9 aft] x has be5 op5$4 ,! raw food products us$ = cann+ 9 t9 mu/ be 9 s\nd condition1 j z !y mu/ be if put into glass conta9]s4 ,x is true t cann$ foods may be r5d]$ unfit = use by improp] h&l+ ( ! product be=e pack+ & t decomposition may occur aft] cann+1 ow+ to insuffici5t process+1 improp] seal+ or ! use ( leaky conta9]s4 ,?is condition1 h[ev]1 is no m likely to be enc\nt]$ 9 foods put up 9 t9 ?an 9 products cann$ 9 o!r types ( conta9]s4 ,y run no m dang] ( poison f y\r own t9-cann$ products ?an f t9-cann$ food b\ght at ! /ore4 ,mo/ cann$ foods if 9 a spoil$ condition readily %[ ?is condition by ! swell+ ( ! c or by odor or ta/e4 ,cann$ foods %[+ su* evid5ces ( decomposition %\ld n be us$4 ,c]ta9 foods :i* are high 9 prote91 su* z meats1 peas1 beans & fi% products1 may und]go decomposition )\t mak+ ?is condition obvi\s to ! s5ses4 ,x is ess5tial1 !re=e1 t ! greate/ c>e be tak5 to subject su* products to prop] prep>ation & ample process+4 ,x %\ld be rememb]$ t cann$ foods1 aft] op5+ ! conta9]s1 %\ld be treat$ z p]i%able products & %\ld be h&l$ ) ! same precautions t are appli$ :5 fre% products are be+ us$4 ,,advantages ,,( ,,cans ,_m h\sewives ask1 ,:y c 9 t9 :5 we h always us$ glass j>s8 ,!re are _m advantages 9 cann+ 9 t9 :i* we c well consid]4 ,!re is no breakage z 9 glass2 y c h&le ! t9 cans z c>elessly z y *oose & y w n he> a snap or crack indicat+ a lo/ j>4 ,fur!rmore1 t9 cans are easi] to h&le n only 9 cann+ b 9 /or+4 ,! exp5se ea* ye> ( new t9 cov]s or new t9 cans is no m ?an ! pur*ase ( new rubb]s & ! replacem5t ( brok5 glass j>s4 ,fur!rmore1 "o big advantage ( t9 ov] glass is t t9 cans c be cool$ quickly by plung+ !m into cold wat] imm$iately ^u removal f ! cann]1 & ?us ! cook+ is /opp$ at ! prop] mom5t4 ,! product is consequ5tly bett] 9 =m & flavor ?an :5 ! cook+ is prolong$1 z x mu/ be 9 glass j>s4 ,_m wom5 l ! l>ge op5+s ( cans because !y c make bett] packs ?an :5 us+ n>r[-neck$ j>s4 ,if y d n c>e to bo!r ) ! sold]+ y c pur*ase a safe & simple device t w d ! "w = y4 ,?is device is call$ a t9-c seal]4 ,) a seal] no sold]+ is necess>y4 ,ev5 an inexp]i5c$ p]son1 by foll[+ directions c>efully1 c seal a c z well z an exp]i5c$ "o4 ,! seal$ cans look exactly l ^? pur*as$ at ! /ore4 ,two or ?ree cans a m9ute c be seal$ ) ?is device4 ,?is is ! way to op]ate a c seal]3 ,prep>e ! fruits & vegetables z = any cann+1 foll[+ directions =m]ly giv5 = cold-pack cann+4 ,aft] ! fruits or vegetables h be5 prop]ly prep>$1 blan*$ & cold-dipp$ if necess>y1 place !m 9 sanit>y1 sold]less cans4 ,put wat] or sirup on1 accord+ to directions4 ,put ! top on ! c & place ! c 9 ! seal]4 ,raise ! c into ! *unk by sw++ ! rais+ lev] at ! bottom ( ! ma*9e aga9/ ! frame4 ,turn ! crank1 rapidly at fir/1 ) ! "r h&1 & at ! same "t pu% ! seam+-roll lev] v sl[ly ) ! left h& until x w g no f>!r4 ,?is is "o ( ! mo/ important /eps 9 ! use ( ! ma*9e4 ,cont9ue to give ! crank sev]al turns aft] ! seam+-roll lev] has gone z f> z x w g4 ,?is completes ! fir/ op]ation or seam4 ,cont9ue turn+ ! crank ) ! "r h&1 & ) ! left h& pull ! seam+-roll lev] until x w g no f>!r 9 ?is direction4 ,aft] ?is has be5 done give ! crank sev]al m turns1 & ! second & f9al op]ation is complete4 ,br+ ! seam+-roll lev] back to ! middle position & remove ! c4 ,! c is !n ready = /]ilization4 ,be=e seal+ a new lot ( cans or aft] *ang+ = a diff]5t size ( c1 "o or two ( ! cans ab\t to be us$ %\ld be te/$ = leaks4 ,if ?is is done & ! cans /& ! te/ x w be unnecess>y to te/ ! rema9+ cans ( t same lot4 ,! foll[+ is a simple & safe te/3 ,put "o tablespoon ( wat] into an empty c & seal4 ,h on h& a vessel conta9+ en\gh boil+ wat] to cov] ! c4 ,set aside &1 z soon z bubbles disappe> f ! surface1 imm]se ! c 9 ! hot wat]4 ,?is heats ! wat] 9 ! c & creates a pressure )9 ! c4 ,keep ! c "u ! surface = two m9utes1 & if by t "t no bubbles rise f ! c ! c has be5 seal$ air-tight4 ,,adju/+ ,,! ,,seam+ ,,rolls ,if bubbles rise f ! c ! seam is n suffici5tly tight4 ,if ?is seam is n suffici5tly tight ! second seam+ roll ne$s adju/+1 provid$ ! directions reg>d+ seam+ rolls giv5 bel[ h be5 obs]v$4 ,to set ! rolls proce$ z foll[s3 ,loos5 ! nut on ! bottom ( ! seam+-roll p94 ,) a screw driv] turn ! seam+-roll p9 c\nt] clockwise--t is1 f "r to left4 ,turn v slightly &1 :ile hold+ ! seam+-roll p9 ) ! screw driv] 9 ! left h&1 tight5 nut ) ! "r h&1 & te/ z be=e4 ,occasionally x is well to comp>e ! seam aft] ! fir/ op]ation ) ! sample c :i* is s5t ) ! ma*9e4 ,if seam+ rolls cut into ! c !y are set too close1 & ! seam+-roll p9 %\ld be adju/$ 9 ! opposite direction f above4 ,aft] adju/+1 always te/ cans z sugge/$ above be=e cann+4 ,! seam+ rolls are set be=e ! ma*9e leaves ! factory & %\ld n require adju/+ = "s "t1 b ,i h f\nd t slight v>iations 9 cans may make adju/+ necess>y4 ,if = any reason ! second seam+ roll is br\ght into contact ) ! c be=e ! fir/ op]ation is complete x may injure ! c s]i\sly1 ?us prev5t+ an air-tight seam4 ,if ! fir/ seam+ roll is =c$ 9 too rapidly x may ru9 ! seam4 ,pu% ! seam+-roll lev] g5tly & /eadily1 :ile turn+ ! crank ) ! "r h&4 ,?is rolls ! seam gradually4 ,!re is no dang] f br++ 9 ! second seam+ roll too quickly if ! fir/ seam+ roll has complet$ its "w4 ,!re are ?us1 z y see1 two k9ds ( t9 cans us$ 9 home cann+3 ,! sanit>y or rim-seal c1 :i* is us$ ) a seal]1 & ! cap-&-hole c4 ,! latt] consi/s ( a c1 & a cov] :i* c>ries a rim ( sold] & is fa/5$ on ! c by ! application ( heat4 ,! sanit>y c has a cov] a trifle l>g] ?an ! diamet] ( ! c1 ?us leav+ ! full diamet] ( ! c op5 = fill+4 ,t "p ( ! cov] t comes into contact ) ! c is coat$ ) a comp\nd or fitt$ ) a pap] gasket or r+ :i* makes a p]fect seal :5 ! cov] is crimp$ on ! c4 ,"s me*anical device is necess>y = seal+ ?is c1 & ?is is ! seal]4 ,cans may be _h ) inside enamel or pla9 )\t any enamel4 ,! foll[+ fruits & vegetables %\ld be cann$ 9 enamel-l9$ cans3 ,all b]ry fruits1 *]ries1 plums1 rhub>b1 pumpk91 beets & squa%4 ,all highly color$ products %\ld be cann$ 9 enamel-l9$ cans to prev5t ! blea*+ effect induc$ by _! action ^u ! pla9 t94 ,"s pref] to c fi% & meat 9 ! enamel-l9$ cans4 ,o!r products n m5tion$ "h may be cann$ 9 pla9 cans1 s9ce !y are less exp5sive ?an ! enamel-l9$ cans4 ,cov]s are l9$ 9 two ways1 ) ! pap] gasket & ! comp\nd gasket4 ,! comp\nd gasket is m]ely a prep>ation1 sc>cely visible1 appli$ to ! "u side ( ! cov] & is n easily damag$ by h&l+4 ,! pap] gasket is a r+ plac$ on ! "u side ( ! cov] & mu/ be h&l$ c>efully4 ,if ! pap] gasket becomes brok5 ! cov] mu/ be disc>d$4 ,to /]ilize cov]s hav+ ! pap] gasket1 place !m 9 ! ov5 = a few m9utes1 b d n wet !m1 be=e seal+ cans4 ,d n remove or h&le pap] gaskets4 ,:5 ! cans are remov$ f ! cook] ! ends %\ld be rais$2 ?is is caus$ by ! pressure )94 ,if !y are n rais$ at ! ends ! cans %\ld be c>efully exam9$ = defects4 ,aft] ! cans are /]iliz$ !y %\ld be cool$ (f 9 wat]4 ,?is w cause ! ends to collapse4 ,if !y d n collapse ! reason is probably due to ov]fill+4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t peas1 beans & corn swell a c]ta9 am\nt aft] wat] is plac$ 9 ! cans2 !re=e1 9 cann+ ^! vegetables ! cans %\ld be fill$ only to )9 a qu>t] ( an in* ( ! top4 ,if ! pressure ( ! air f )\t w n cause ! end to collapse1 x %\ld be =c$ 9 by h&4 ,,! ,,t9n+ ,,outfit ,t9-c seal]s are made to h&le ! regul> ,numb] #b1 or p9t cans1 & ! ,numb] #c1 or qu>t cans4 ,! sizes are int]*angeable1 s t 9 a few m9utes' "t a ,numb] #b ma*9e may be *ang$ into a ,numb] #c ma*9e ) ! necess>y atta*m5ts4 ,s x is economy to buy a ma*9e ) ^! atta*m5ts1 z y c !n use ei!r p9ts or qu>ts z y desire4 ,if y are sell+ to bo>d+ h\ses & hotels y also w want half-gallon & gallon cans4 ,if y use ^! l>g]-size cans & want ! seal] y c get x = ^! sizes1 b y mu/ tell exactly :at y want :5 ord]+4 ,! prices :i* ,i give are #aiai prices & are ( c\rse n /ation>y4 ,a seal] t w seal ! ,numb] #b sanit>y t9 cans co/s #ad4 ,a seal] = ,numb] #c cans w co/ ! same am\nt4 ,b ! ideal arrangem5t is ! comb9ation ma*9e :i* c be us$ = bo? ! p9ts1 ,numb] #b1 & ! qu>ts1 ,numb] #c4 ,?is type ( seal] co/s #af4ej4 ,a special ma*9e is us$ = seal+ ! ,numb] #aj or gallon cans1 & its price is #ce4 ,! price ( ! w9t] c op5] is #ag4jj = small] size & #ai4ej = ! l>g] "o4 ,sev]al /&>d sizes ( t9 cans are 9 common use = cann+ purposes1 z foll[s3 ,,diamet] ,,( ,,numb] ,,size ,,op5+ ,,in*es ,,in*es #a #b-e_/h by #d #b-a_/af #b #c-e_/af by #d-i_/af #b-a_/af or #b-g_/af #c #d-a_/h by #d-g_/h #b-a_/af or #b-g_/af #aj #f_/c_/af by #f-g_/h #b-a_/af or #b-g_/af ,! cans are put up 9 crates hold+ #ajj or #ejj cans4 ,if y are cann+ = ! ord9>y m>ket use ,numb] #b cans = b]ries1 corn1 peas & *]ries2 ,numb] #c cans = tomatoes1 pea*es1 apples1 pe>s & sweet potatoes4 ,9 buy+ cans x is always necess>y to /ate :e!r y desire pla9 t9 or lacqu]$--enamel$--cans4 ,9 buy+ caps always ask = ! sold]-hemm$ caps & give ! diamet] ( ! c op5+4 ,= :ole fruits & vegetables1 cans ) two-&-sev5-sixte5?-in* or ev5 l>g] op5+s are pref]able4 ,s9ce ! size ( ! c op5+ v>ies & x ord9>ily w n be advisable to h m ?an "o capp+ iron1 x is recomm5d$ t ! l>g] size--two-&-sev5-sixte5?-in*--capp+ iron be pur*as$4 ,! t9 cans come 9 lots ( #ajj or #ejj cans4 ,x is possible to buy z few z two doz5 cans1 b t nev] pays4 ,x is *eap] to buy a l>g] quantity4 ,numb] #b pla9 sanit>y cans 9 #ejj lots co/ #c4de a hundr$2 9 #ajj lots1 #c4fe a hundr$4 ,numb] #b sanit>y cans--enamel$--9 #ejj lots co/ #c4hj a hundr$2 9 #ajj lots1 #c4ie a hundr$4 ,numb] #c1 pla91 9 #ejj lots are #d4ej a hundr$2 ,numb] #c1 pla91 9 #ajj lots are #d4gj a hundr$4 ,numb] #c1 enamel$ cans1 9 #ejj lots1 are #d4ie a hundr$2 ,numb] #c1 enamel$ cans1 9 #ajj lots1 are #e4aj a hundr$4 ,! gallons come twelve cans to a case4 ,!y are #a4dj a doz5 if #ajj cases are b\ght4 ,if less ?an #ajj cases are ord]$ !y are #a4ej a doz54 ,! cans t y h to sold] y\rself run j ab\t ! same price1 ,numb] #b be+ #c4fj 9 #ejj lots & #c4hj 9 #ajj lots4 ,numb] #c are #d4gj 9 #ejj lots & #d4ij 9 #ajj lots4 ,! buy] mu/ pay express or freight *>ges on bo? seal]s & t9 cans4 ,,prep>+ ,,old ,,cans ,,= ,,refill+ ,=m]ly1 aft] us+ a t9 c once we ?rew x away2 b m5 ) bra9s1 realiz+ ?is wa/e1 h come to our rescue1 & z a consequ5ce we c n[ use a c ?ree times--t is1 if we h a seal]4 ,! seal] t seals our cans w also op5 !m = u1 s x becomes our w9t] c op5]4 ,) ?is c op5] we c use our t9 cans ?ree times1 buy+ ea* ye> only new tops1 :i* co/ less ?an good rubb]s4 ,cutt+ & ,reflang+ ,t9 ,cans4 ,cutt+ (f ! c ! fir/ "t4 ,fir/ lift ! spr+ p9 9 ! top piece1 pu% ! lev] f y1 drop ! spr+ p9 betwe5 ! /op ( ! fir/ op]ation roll & ! cutt+-roll /op4 ,place ! c 9 ! seal]1 pu% ! c-rais+ lev] aga9/ opposite side ( frame4 ,turn ! crank & g5tly pu% seam+-roll h&le f y until y come aga9/ cutt+-roll /op1 & ! top ( y\r c is cut (f4 ,reflang+4 ,remove /&>d c base & 9 its place put 9 ! reflang+ base1 lift ! spr+-p9 & br+ seam+-roll lev] to ! orig9al position4 ,drop ! spr+ p9 betwe5 ! /ops ( ! fir/ & second op]ation roll]s1 place ! c 9 ! seal]1 op5 end d[n1 pu% rais+ lev] r\nd until ! c engages ) ! *uck1 turn ! crank & at ! same "t gradually pu% rais+ lev] r\nd aga9/ ! frame4 ,! c is n[ ready = use aga94 ,reseal+4 ,! c is n[ ?ree-sixte5?s ( an in* %ort] ?an orig9ally4 ,remove ! reflang+ base1 put "o ( ! n>r[ wa%]s on ! top ( ! c-rais+ lev]1 !n ! /&>d c base1 & ! seal] is n[ ready4 ,proce$ z ) ! orig9al c4 ,cutt+ ! ,c ! ,second ,"t4 ,proce$ z at ! fir/ "t1 only be sure to cut (f ! opposite end4 ,! c may be cut op5 & reflang$ only twice1 once on ea* end ( ! c body4 ,9 cutt+ & reflang+ ! second "t1 leave ! ?ree-sixte5?-in* wa%] "u ! c base & reflang+ base4 ,reseal+ ! ,second ,"t4 ,remove reflang+ base & put ! second ?ree-sixte5?-in* wa%] "u ! /&>d c base & proce$ z direct$ "u reseal+4 ,,! ,,sold]+ ,,outfit ,! sold]+ equipm5t requir$ includes a capp+ iron1 a tipp+ copp]1 sold]+ flux1 a small bru%1 a porcela91 glass or /onew>e cup 9 :i* to keep ! sold]+ flux3 sal ammoniac1 a few scraps ( z9c1 sold]1 a s(t brick & a file4 ,sold]+ ,flux4 ,sold]+ flux is a solution ( z9c 9 crude muriatic acid4 ,x is us$ = clean+ ! irons & = bru%+ ! t9s & lead surfaces s z to make x possible = ! melt$ lead to adh]e to ! t94 ,to ,make ! ,flux4 ,pur*ase at ! drug /ore t5 c5ts' wor? ( crude muriatic acid4 ,place ?is 9 a porcela91 /one or glass j>4 ,add z mu* z9c 9 small pieces z ! acid w ?or\ghly dissolve4 ,! flux is always be/ :5 x has /ood f twelve to sixte5 h\rs be=e us+4 ,/ra9 ?r\gh a piece ( clo? or musl94 ,dilute ) a little wat]1 ab\t half & half4 ,?is w make ! sold]+ flux4 ,:5 us+ keep ! flux well mix$ & free f du/ & dirt4 ,t9n+ ,capp+ ,iron4 ,pur*ase five or t5 c5ts wor? ( sal ammoniac at ! drug /ore2 clean iron ) file or knife4 ,mix a little sold] ) ! sal ammoniac4 ,heat ! capp+ iron hot en\gh s t x w melt ! sold] & conv]t x into a liquid4 ,place ! iron 9 ! vessel conta9+ ! mixture ( sal ammoniac & sold]4 ,rotate iron 9 ! mixture until ! sold]+ edge ( ! iron has become bright or ?or\ghly cov]$ ) ! sold]4 ,all p>ticles ( smudge1 burn$ mat]ial1 & s =?1 %\ld be remov$ f ! iron be=e t9n+4 ,t9n+ ! ,tipp+ ,copp]4 ,! tipp+ copp] is t9n$ 9 v mu* ! same way z ! iron4 ,sometimes x is desirable to file ! tipp+ copp] a bit s z to make x smoo? & to correct ! po9t4 ,heat ! copp] & rotate ! tip ( x 9 ! mixture ( sal ammoniac & lead until x has be5 cov]$ ) ! melt$ lead & is bright z silv]4 ,! copp] %\ld be fil$ ne>ly to a %>p po9t4 ,capp+ a ,t9 ,c4 ,use "o t9 c = exp]im5t+4 ,by capp+ & tipp+1 heat+ ! cap1 & ?r[+ x (f & simply putt+ ano!r cap on ! same c1 y c use ?is "o c until y become pr(ici5t 9 capp+4 ,:5 capp+ ! full packs arrange ! cans 9 r[s ^u ! table :ile ! capp+ & tipp+ irons are heat+ 9 ! fire4 ,take a h&ful ( sold]-hemm$ caps & place !m on all cans ready to be capp$4 ,place a f+] on ! v5t hole1 hold cap 9 place1 & run ! bru% conta9+ a small am\nt ( flux ev5ly r\nd ! sold]-hemm$ cap ) "o /roke ( ! h&4 ,d ?is ) all cans ready to be capp$4 ,!n take ! capp+ iron f ! fire4 ,ins]t 9 c5t] ! upright /eel4 ,hold ! capp+ iron above ! cap until ! c5t] rod t\*es ! cap & holds x 9 place4 ,!n br+ x d[n 9 contact ) all f\r po9ts ( sold]-hemm$ cap & rotate back & =? ab\t ?ree /rokes4 ,d n be> d[n on capp+ iron4 ,a =w>d & back /roke ( ?is k9d1 if prop]ly appli$1 w p]fectly sold] ! cap 9 place4 ,remove capp+ iron & inspect ! jo9t4 ,if any p9-holes are f\nd recap or repair ) copp]4 ,x may be necess>y to use a piece ( wire lead or wa/e lead rim f a cap to add m lead to ! brok5 or p9hole places ( a cap4 ,tipp+ a ,t9 ,c4 ,take flux j> & bru%4 ,dip bru% lightly 9 flux & /rike ! v5t hole a side /roke1 lightly1 ) bru% saturat$ ) flux4 ,use ! wa/e sold]-hemm$ cap rim or wire sold]4 ,place po9t ( wire sold] ov] v5t hole4 ,place ^u ?is ! po9t ( ! hot1 bright1 tipp+ copp]4 ,press d[n ) a rot>y motion4 ,remove quickly4 ,a little practice w n only make ?is easy1 b a smoo?1 p]fect jo9t & fill+ w be ! result4 ,! cans are n[ ready = ! cann]4 ,! h&work is all ov]1 = ! cann] w d ! re/4 ,precautions4 ,d n fill t9 cans too full4 ,leave a "o-eigh? to "o-qu>t] in* space at ! top ( ! c & see t ! product does n t\* ! cov]4 ,if any ( ! product t\*es ! cov] ! application ( ! hot iron produces /eam1 :i* may bl[ out ! sold]1 mak+ x impossible to seal ! c4 ,,rules ,,= ,,/]iliz+ ,rememb] all fruits & vegetables are prep>$ = t9 cans exactly z !y are = glass j>s & ! p]iod ( cook+ or /]iliz+ is ! same4 ,! foll[+ rules w help to avoid difficulties 9 ! op]ation ( ! v>i\s cann+ outfits3 ,= hot-wat]-ba? outfits1 :e!r homemade or comm]cial4 #a4 ,support ! cans (f ! bottom suffici5tly to p]mit ! circulation ( wat] "u & r\nd ! cans4 #b4 ,h ! wat] cov] ! tops ( ! cans by at lea/ "o in*4 ,! heat & pressure mu/ be equal on all p>ts ( ! cans4 #c4 ,c\nt "t z soon z ! wat] beg9s to jump ov] ! entire surface4 ,keep x jump+4 #d4 ,on remov+ ! cans ?r[ !m into a s9k ) runn+ cold wat] or plunge !m into a pail ( cold wat]4 #e4 ,if ! cans are laid on _! sides ! false bottom is n necess>y4 ,= /eam-pressure & pressure-cook] cann]s ! foll[+ precautions %\ld be obs]v$3 #a4 ,l[] ! inside crate until x re/s on ! bottom ( ! /eam-pressure cann]s4 ,9 ! case ( ! pressure cook] put ! rack 9 ! bottom ( ! cook]4 #b4 ,h ! wat] come to1 b n above1 ! plat=m4 #c4 ,t9 cans c be pil$ "o above ! o!r4 #d4 ,:5 ! cann] has be5 fill$ fa/5 ! opposite clamps mod]ately tight4 ,:5 ?is has be5 done tight5 ea* clamp fully4 #e4 ,h ! cann] absolutely /eam-tight4 #f4 ,all[ ! pet cock to rema9 op5 until live /eam bl[s f x4 #g4 ,close ! pet cock4 #h4 ,aft] ! gauge regi/]s ! correct am\nt ( pressure1 beg9 c\nt+ ! "t4 #i4 ,ma9ta9 a uni=m pressure ?r\gh\t ! process4 #aj4 ,:5 ! process is complet$ all[ ! /eam to escape gradually ?r\gh ! pet cock4 ,y c lift ! pet cock sl[ly1 us+ a p5cil or a knife4 ,?is c be done only ) t9 cans4 ,if glass j>s are us$ ! cann] mu/ be cool$ be=e op5+ ! pet cock4 ,bl[+ ! /eam f ! pet cock is likely to cause a loss ( liquid f ! p>tly seal$ glass j>s4 #aa4 ,?r[ ! t9 cans into cold wat]4 #ab4 ,if t9 cans bulge at bo? ends aft] !y h be5 completely cool$1 x indicates t !y are spoil+ & develop+ gas1 due to bact]ia spores or *emical action4 ,^! may be sav$ if op5$ at once & reseal$ or resold]$ & process$ aga9 = t5 m9utes4 ,! foll[+ table w help y 9 e/imat+ h[ _m cans ( fruit & vegetables y w obta9 f a bu%el ( product3 ,,numb] ,,( ,,cans ,a ,,bu%el ,,fills ,,no4 #b ,,cans ,,no4 #c ,,cans ,w9dfall apples #cj #bj ,/&>d pea*es #be #ah ,pe>s #de #cj ,plums #de #cj ,blackb]ries #ej #cj ,w9dfall oranges1 slic$ #bb #ae ,w9dfall oranges1 :ole #ce #bb ,tomatoes #bb #ae ,%ell$ ,lima beans #ej #cj ,/r+ beans #cj #bj ,sweet corn #de #be ,peas1 %ell$ #af #aj ,,*apt] ,x ,,int]mitt5t ,,cann+ ,,or ,,fractional ,,/]ilization ,9 "s p>ts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! ,s\?1 su* vegetables z corn1 beans1 peas1 squa%1 sp9a*1 pumpk91 etc41 are cann$ by :at is kn[n z ! fractional /]ilization1 or ! s-call$ ,?ree ,days ,process4 ,s\!rn cann+ exp]ts h _h tr\ble ) c]ta9 vegetables1 su* z ^? nam$1 :5 !y cann$ ^! vegetables 9 ! wa% boil] by ! cold-pack or "o p]iod me?od4 ,!y say t ! climatic conditions are s diff]5t 9 ! ,s\? t :at is possible 9 ! ,nor? is n possible 9 ! ,s\?4 ,! vegetables are prep>$1 blan*$1 cold-dipp$ & pack$ z 9 ! cold-pack me?od & ! fill$ cans or j>s are process$ 9 ! wa% boil] or o!r homemade outfit a giv5 l5g? ( "t ?ree successive days4 ,aft] ea* day's process+ ! cans %\ld be cool$ quickly & set aside1 until ! next day4 ,! me?od is z foll[s3 ,process or /]ilize glass j>s = ! requir$ numb] ( m9utes on ! fir/ day1 remove f cann]1 pu% spr+s d[n tightly z y remove ! j> f ! cann]4 ,on ! second day raise ! spr+s1 place ! j> 9 ! cann]1 process or boil = ! same l5g? ( "t z on ! fir/ day4 ,remove f ! cann] & seal tightly4 ,set aside until ! ?ird day1 :5 ! process %\ld be repeat$4 ,= ?is cann+ a good spr+-top j> is good1 al?\gh ! ,mason j> type ( top w s]ve = "o ye>2 aft] "o ye> ( use x is advisable to fit old ,mason j>s & simil> types ) new tops4 ,if us+ ! screw-top j>s1 su* z ! ,mason1 d n di/urb ! seal at ! second & ?ird process+ unless ! rubb] has bl[n out4 ,?is me?od is only necess>y :5 dep5d+ ^u boil+ wat] or cond5s$ /eam to d ! "w4 ,a /eam-pressure cann] or pressure cook] is us$ 9 ! ,s\? & _m o!r places to avoid bo!r+ ) vegetables ?ree successive days4 ,! /eam cann] or pressure cook] soon pays = itself 9 "t1 en]gy1 & fuel sav$ z ! vegetables may be cann$ at high pressure 9 "o process+4 ,! foll[+ "t-tables are ^? us$ 9 ! ,s\? & w tell y exactly h[ long to blan* & process all products4 ,! prep>ation ( vegetables & fruits is ! same z 9 ! "o-p]iod me?od1 b ! "t ( blan*+ & /]iliz+ diff]s z ! "t-table indicates4 ,,"t-,,table ,,= ,,products ,,9 ,,glass 7,hot-,wat] ,cann]7 ,tomatoes ,,blan* ,,liquor ,,size ,,process ,,or ,,j> ,,boil ---------------------------------------- ------------------- #a m94 ,no wat] ,qu>t #cj m94 ,tomatoes #a m94 ,no wat] ,p9t #be m94 ,/r+ beans 7v "y #c-e m94 ,br9e#a ,qu>t #a hr4 #ae m94 & t5d]7 ,sweet potatoes ,cook #b ,qu>t #c hrs4 done tablespoonfuls wat] ,sau]kraut ,br9e#a ,qu>t #dj m94 ,baby beets ,cook ,hot wat] ,qu>t #a hr4 #dj m94 done ,baby beets ,cook ,hot wat] ,p9t #a hr4 #bj m94 done ,s\p mixture ,boil d[n ,qu>t #a hrs4 ?ick ,apples #a m94 ,no4 #a sirup ,qu>t #ae m94 ,b]ries #a m94 ,no4 #a sirup ,qu>t #ac m94 ,figs ,no4 #c sirup ,qu>t #cj m94 ,pea*es #a-b m94 ,no4 #b sirup ,qu>t #be m94 ,pe>s #a m94 ,no4 #c sirup ,qu>t #be-ce m94 ,*]ries ,no4 #c sirup ,qu>t #cj m94 ,footnote #a3 ,br9e is made ( #b ounces 7#a_/c cup7 ( salt to #a gallon ( wat]4 ,to make sirups recomm5d$1 boil sug> & wat] toge!r 9 proportions giv5 bel[3 ,sirup ,no4 #a1 use #ad ounces to #a gallon wat]4 ,sirup ,no4 #b1 use #a p\nd #ad ounces to #a gallon wat]4 ,sirup ,no4 #c1 use #c p\nds #i ounces to #a gallon wat]4 ,"o p9t sug> is "o p\nd4 ,,"t-,,table ,,= ,,products ,,9 ,,glass ,! foll[+ vegetables %\ld be process$ ! same l5g? ( "t on ea* ( ?ree successive days3 ,,size ,,process ,,or ,,boil ,,on ,,blan* ,,liquor ,,j> ,,ea* ,,( ,,?ree ,,successive ,,days ---------------------------------------- ------------------------- ,corn #b m94 on cob,wat]1 salt ,p9t #a hr4 & sug> ,g>d5 peas#a to #d m94 ,wat]1 salt ,qu>t #a hr4 & sug> ,asp>agus #a m94 ,br9e#a ,p9t #a hr4 & #bj m94 ,asp>agus #a m94 ,br9e#a ,p9t #a hr4 ,lima beans #b to #d m94 ,br9e#a ,p9t #a hr4 & #be m94 ,okra #c m94 ,br9e#a ,qu>t #a hr4 ,okra #c m94 ,br9e#a ,p9t #a hr4 & #ae m94 ,squa% ,cook done ,qu>t #a hr4 ,squa% ,cook done ,p9t #a hr4 & #be m94 ,pumpk9 ,cook done ,qu>t #a hr4 ,pumpk9 ,cook done ,p9t #a hr4 & #be m94 ,sp9a* #d m94 ,br9e#a ,qu>t #a hr4 ,sp9a* #d m94 ,br9e#a ,p9t #a hr4 & #ae m94 ,footnote #a3 ,br9e is made ( #b ounces 7#a_/c cup7 ( salt to #a gallon ( wat]4 ,,"t-,,table ,,= ,,products ,,9 ,,t9 7,hot-,wat] ,cann]7 ,,no4,,exhau/,,process ,,blan* ,,liquor ,,c,,m9utes,,or ,,boil ,tomatoes #a m94 ,no wat] #c #c #be m94 ,tomatoes #a m94 ,no wat] #aj #e #a hr4 ,/r+ beans #c-e m94 ,br9e#a #c #c #a hr4 ,/r+ beans #c-e m94 ,br9e#a #aj #c #b hrs4 & #bj m94 ,sweet potatoes ,cook #b tablespoonfuls #c #c #c hrs4 done wat] ,baby beets ,cook ,br9e#a #c #c #a hrs4 done ,s\p mixture ,boil d[n #b #c #a hr4 ?ick ,apples #a m94 ,no4 #c sirup #c #c #h m94 ,b]ries #a m94 ,no4 #d sirup #c #c #aj m94 ,b]ries #a m94 ,no4 #d sirup #aj #c #cb m94 ,figs ,no4 #d sirup #b #c #be m94 ,pea*es #a m94 ,no4 #d sirup #c #c #bj m94 ,pe>s #a m94 ,no4 #d sirup #c #c #bj m94 ,pe>s #a m94 ,no4 #d sirup #aj #c #ce m94 ,footnote #a3 ,br9e is made ( #b ounces 7#a_/c cup7 ( salt to #a gallon ( wat]4 ,to make sirup recomm5d$1 boil sug> & wat] toge!r 9 proportions giv5 bel[4 ,sirup ,no4 #a1 use #ad ounces to #a gallon wat]4 ,sirup ,no4 #b1 use #a p\nd #ad ounces to #a gallon wat]4 ,sirup ,no4 #c1 use #c p\nds #i ounces to #a gallon wat]4 ,sirup ,no4 #d1 use #e p\nds #h ounces to #a gallon wat]4 ,sirup ,no4 #e1 use #f p\nds #ac ounces to #a gallon wat]4 ,"o p9t sug> is "o p\nd4 ,,"t-,,table ,,= ,,products ,,9 ,,t9 ,! foll[+ vegetables %\ld be process$ ! same l5g? ( "t on ea* ( ?ree successive days3 ,,no4,,exhau/,,process ,,or ,,boil ,,on ,,blan* ,,liquor ,,c,,m9utes,,ea* ,,( ,,?ree ,,successive ,,days ,corn #b m94 on ,wat]1 salt #b #aj #a hr4 & #ae m94 cob & sug> ,g>d5 peas #a to #d m94,wat]1 salt #b #c #a hr4 & #ae m94 & sug> ,asp>agus #a m94 ,br9e#a #c #c #a hr4 ,asp>agus #a m94 ,br9e#a #b #c #ej m94 ,lima beans #b to #d m94 ,br9e#a #b #c #a hr4 & #aj m94 ,okra #c m94 ,br9e#a #c #c #a hr4 & #aj m94 ,okra #c m94 ,br9e#a #b #c #ej m94 ,squa% ,cook s(t #c #c #a hr4 & creamy ,squa% ,cook s(t #b #c #a hr4 & #aj m94 & creamy ,pumpk9 ,cook s(t #c #c #a hr4 & creamy ,pumpk9 ,cook s(t #c #c #a hr4 & #aj m94 & creamy ,sp9a* #d m94 ,br9e#a #c #c #a hr4 & #ae m94 ,sp9a* #d m94 ,br9e#a #b #c #a hr4 ,footnote #a3 ,br9e is made ( #b ounces 7#a_/c cup7 ( salt to #a gallon ( wat]4 ,y w notice 9 ! "t-table = t91 t !re is a column = ,exhau/+4 ,aft] ! c is pack$ & capp$ x is plac$ 9 ! cann] ( boil+ wat] to )9 #a in* ( ! top ( ! c :]e x rema9s ! numb] ( m9utes1 usually ?ree1 indicat$ on ! "t-table4 ,?is is done to =ce ! air f ! c ?r\gh ! little hole left op5 9 ! top1 & is call$ exhau/+4 ,cans t are n exhau/$ frequ5tly bulge aft] process+ & are look$ ^u ) suspicion4 ,cans exhau/$ too long frequ5tly cave 9 at ! sides4 ,! "t-table %\ld be us$ c>efully & foll[$ /rictly 9 ?is "p ( ! process4 ,t9 cans d n require exhau/+ 9 ! ,nor!rn & ,we/]n /ates4 ,,"t-,,table ,,= ,,cann+ ,,vegetables ,,/eam ,,pressure ,,temp]ature1 ,,vegetable ,,process1,,degrees ,,pressure ,,m9utes ,,fahr5heit ,,p\nds ,asp>agus #cj #bdj #aj ,/r+ beans1 ,no4 #bde #bdj #aj ,/r+ beans1 ,no4 #cee #bdj #aj ,beets #cj #bbh #e ,corn #hj #bej #ae ,okra #cj #bdj #aj ,peas #de #bdj #aj ,s\p1 conc5trat$ vegetable #cj #bbh #aj ,sp9a* #cj #bbh #ae ,sweet potatoes #gj #bej #ae ,corn1 lima beans & peas %\ld nev] be pack$ 9 l>g] conta9] ?an ,no4 #b4 ,corn is cut f cob aft] blan*+4 ,! br9e us$ is made ( #b ounces salt to #a gallon ( wat]1 except = asp>agus1 :i* conta9s #d ounces to #a gallon4 ,beets & rhub>b :5 pack$ 9 t9 mu/ be put 9 enamel-l9$ cans4 ,process p9ts z = ,no4 #b cans2 qu>ts z = ,no4 #c cans1 add+ #aj m9utes to ea* p]iod4 ,/r+ beans :5 m mature %\ld be process$ at #ae p\nds pressure = #cj m9utes = ,no4 #b1 & #de m9utes = ,no4 #c4 ,,*apt] ,,xi ,,:y ,,cann$ ,,goods ,,spoil ,e day br+s lett]s to my desk say+1 ,:y did my j>s ( vegetables lose wat]8 or1 ,:5 ,i look$ into my cann] ,i saw all ! beautiful d>k sirup 9 ! bottom ( ! cann] in/ead ( 9 ! j>s1 or1 ,:at %all ,i d1 my beets are all :ite8 etc41 etc4 ,9 ?is *apt] ,i am go+ to try & tell y a few ?+s y mu/ & mu/ n d4 ,a few ,d's & ,don'ts may help y a little 9 y\r cann+ & food pres]v+4 ,i want to say "r "h t if y h failures d n blame ! me?od z we are always s apt to d4 ,exp]ts h work$ long en\gh1 c>efully & ?or\ghly en\gh1 to conv9ce !mselves & o!rs t ! cold-pack me?od & ! int]mitt5t me?od1 :i* me?ods are employ$ = cook+ ! product 9 ! j>1 are sure1 safe1 reliable & effici5t me?ods4 ,s if y\r food spoils conv9ce y\rself x is n ! me?od b some?+ else4 ,spoilage is due to imp]fect j>s1 imp]fect rubb]s1 imp]fect seal+ ( t9 cans1 c>eless blan*+1 insuffici5t cold dipp+ or poor /]iliz+4 ,,c-,,rubb]s ,possibly y\r cann+ tr\bles are all due to us+ a poor grade ( rubb] r+s4 ,?is is poor economy4 ,rubb]s are apt to give m tr\ble ?an any?+ else to cann]s :5 us+ glass j>s4 ,_m ( ! rubb]s sold are ( a v poor quality1 dis9tegrat+ quickly :5 subject$ to heat & /ra94 ,my si/]1 cann+ 9 ! hot climate ( ,india1 has m tr\ble ) ! rubb] proposition ?an any?+ else4 ,y want good rubb]s1 are will+ to pay = !m1 & "h is :at y %\ld "k ab\t rubb] r+s4 ,! "o-p]iod1 cold-pack me?od & ! int]mitt5t me?od ( home cann+ require a rubb] r+ ess5tially diff]5t f t commonly us$ 9 ! old hot-pack me?od ( home cann+4 ,inve/igation %[s t _m ( ! r+s ^u ! m>ket are unsuitable = ^! new] me?ods1 be+ unable to )/& ! long p]iods ( boil+ requir$ 9 ! cann+ ( vegetables & meats4 ,practical cann+ te/s h indicat$ t rubb] r+s = use 9 ?is me?od %\ld meet ! foll[+ requirem5ts3 ,inside ,diamet]4 ,! r+ %\ld fit closely1 requir+ a little /ret*+ to get x ar\nd ! neck ( ! j>4 ,= /&>d j>s ! r+ %\ld h an inside diamet] ( #b in*es4 ,wid? ( ,r+ & ,flange4 ,! wid? ( ! r+ or flange may v>y f "o-f\r? ( an in* to twelve ?irty-seconds ( an in*4 ,te/s :i* h be5 made %[ t few] cases ( bl[-out occur :5 ! flange is t5 ?irty-seconds ( an in*4 ,?ickness4 ,rubb] r+s z f\nd on ! m>ket may v>y f #a_/ah to #a_/aj ( an in* 9 ?ickness4 ,te/s %[ t #a_/ab ( an in* 9 ?ickness is suffici5t to take up ! unev5ness 9 ! j> & /ill n s ?ick z to make x difficult to place ! cap or adju/ ! bail4 ,cold-pack & int]mitt5t-cann+ require a rubb] r+ t is t\gh1 does n enl>ge p]ceptibly :5 heat$ 9 wat] or /eam1 & is n =c$ out ( position betwe5 ! top & ! j> by slight pressure )9 ! j>4 ,?is we call a bl[-out4 ,rubb] r+s %\ld be capable ( )/&+ f\r h\rs ( /]ilization 9 boil+ wat] )\t bl[+ out on p>tially seal$ j>s1 or "o h\r "u t5 p\nds ( /eam pressure4 ,!y %\ld be select$ ) ref]5ce to prop] inside diamet]1 wid? ( flange1 & ?ickness4 ,good rubb] w /ret* consid]ably & return promptly to place )\t *ang+ ! inside diamet]4 ,!y %\ld also be reasonably firm & able to /& )\t breakage4 ,color is giv5 to r+s by add+ color+ matt] dur+ ! manufactur+ process4 ,! color ( ! r+ is no index to its usefulness 9 home cann+4 ,r$1 :ite1 black or gray may be us$4 ,always use new c-rubb]s ) ea* ye>'s product ( cann$ goods4 ,an old rubb] may look l a new "o b x has lo/ its ela/icity & its use may cause imp]fect seal+ & ?us endang] ! keep+ quality ( ! food4 ,?is is always a h>d ?+ to impress ^u ?rifty p5ny-sav+ h\sekeep]s4 ,! old rubb] looks s good1 s :y n use x8 ,b be wise 9 ?is & rememb] x is nev] safe to use old rubb]s4 ,new rubb]s are exp5sive b :at ab\t ! co/ ( ! product1 ! loss ( y\r "t & fuel6 ,"o j> lo/ due to an old rubb] is s mu* food1 "t & fuel lo/4 ,& d n ?9k y\rself ?rifty to use two old rubb] r+s in/ead ( "o1 !reby ?9k+ to obta9 a bett] seal1 = y w n4 ,two old rubb]s are inf]ior 9 /r5g? to "o new good rubb]4 ,if y use old rubb]s & y\r cann$ goods spoil1 blame ! rubb]s4 ,,glass ,,j>s ,next 9 importance to ! rubb]s are ! glass j>s y use4 ,!re are _m k9ds ( fruit j>s on ! m>ket4 ,! "q is frequ5tly ask$1 ,:i* j>s on ! m>ket are ! be/4 ,! only answ] to t is to *oose ! j> :i* is simple/ 9 con/ruction1 :i* w seal p]fectly & wa% easily1 :i* protects ! conta9$ food aga9/ contact ) metal1 :i* has ! fewe/ p>ts to lose or misplace & :i* fits ! %elves & receptacles plann$ to hold x4 ,,flat ,,s\r ,flat-s\r (t5 causes annoyance to beg9n]s 9 cann+ "s vegetables1 su* z corn1 peas1 beans & asp>agus4 ,^! cann$ foods may %[ no signs ( spoilage & yet :5 ! c is op5$ ! product may h a s\r ta/e & a disagreeable odor4 ,?is flat-s\r is n h>mful & mu/ n be confus$ ) botul9us1 :i* is h>mful4 ,h[ev]1 ! ta/e & odor are s disagreeable y w h no desire to eat flat-s\r cann$ goods4 ,?is tr\ble c be avoid$ if y w use fre% products1 t is1 ^? :i* h n be5 all[$ to wilt or /& ar\nd ! %ops = sev]al days1 & w blan*1 cold-dip1 & pack "o j> ( product at a "t1 & place ea* j> 9 ! cann] z x is pack$4 ,! fir/ j>s 9 w n be affect$ by ! extra cook+4 ,:5 ! /eam-pressure cann] is us$ ! j>s or cans may be plac$ 9 ! retort & ! cov] plac$ into position b n clamp$ d[n until ! retort is fill$4 ,,tr\bles ,,) ,,corn ,corn seems to give ! mo/ tr\ble1 b ) a little c>e & /udy ?is product may be cann$ z easily z any o!r gr[n 9 ! g>d54 ,a little exp]i5ce 9 select+ ! e>s & ability to recognize corn t is j betwe5 ! milk & d\gh /age is important4 ,blan* n long] ?an five m9utes4 ,a plunge 9 cold wat] is suffici5t4 ,cut ! corn f ! cob ) a %>p knife & pack at once 9 /]iliz$ j>s4 ,be/ results c be accompli%$ :5 two p cut & "o p]son fills4 ,if x is necess>y = "o p]son to "w alone1 cut (f suffici5t corn to fill "o j>1 p\r on boil+ wat]1 add salt1 place rubb] & cap 9 position & put ! j> at once 9 ! cann]4 ,a little ov]cook+ does n injure ! quality ( cann$ corn4 ,corn %\ld n be tightly pack$ 9 ! j>2 x exp&s a little 9 process+ & = ?is reason ea* j> %\ld be fill$ scant full4 ,corn t has a *eesy appe>ance aft] cann+ _h rea*$ ! d\gh /age be=e be+ pack$4 ,corn %\ld nev] be all[$ to rema9 9 ! cold dip & l>ge quantities %\ld n be dipp$ at "o "t unless suffici5t help is available to h&le ! product quickly4 ,"s to be absolutely sure :5 cann+ corn1 cook x = t5 m9utes 9 hot wat] be=e pack+ into j>s4 ,leave fully "o in* ( space at ! top :5 pack+ corn b en\gh wat] may be p\r$ into ! j> to fill ! c or j>1 = :5 ! corn swells ! wat] w be absorb$4 ,corn ,turn+ ,d>k4 ,a d>k color 9 cann$ corn is due to "s ( ! foll[+ causes3 #a4 ,us+ wat] t conta9s too mu* iron4 #b4 ,us+ corn t has rea*$ ! d\gh /age4 #c4 ,blan*+ = too long a p]iod--five m9utes is suffici5t = corn4 ,wat]-,logg$ or ,soak$ ,corn4 ,:5 cann$ corn becomes wat]-logg$ or soak$ x is due to su* causes z ! foll[+3 #a4 ,all[+ ! product to /& 9 ! cold wat] too long aft] ! hot dip4 #b4 ,all[+ ! j>s to /& aft] !y h be5 pack$1 & fill$ ) boil+ wat]4 ,! j>s %\ld be imm$iately plac$ 9 ! /]iliz] aft] be+ pack$4 #c4 ,all[+ e>s ( corn to /& 9 cold wat] aft] op5+4 #d4 ,heat+ corn 9 w>m wat] ov] a sl[ fire4 ,,beets1 ,,_! ,,loss ,,( ,,color ,! loss ( color 9 cann$ beets is due to faulty me?ods ( prep>ation be=e pack+ !m into ! j>s4 ,to secure good results #c or #d in*es ( ! top & all ( ! tail %\ld be left on :ile blan*+4 ,beets %\ld be blan*$ = five m9utes & ! sk9 %\ld be scrap$ b n peel$4 ,beets %\ld be pack$ :ole if possible4 ,small beets t run =ty to a qu>t are less likely to fade & are ! mo/ suitable size = fir/-class packs4 ,! old] ! beets ! m *ance !re is = loss ( color4 ,well-cann$ beets w %[ a slight loss ( color :5 remov$ f ! cann]1 b w bright5 up 9 a few days4 ,,cl\dy ,,peas ,! condition ( peas kn[n z cl\dy is due to su* causes z ! foll[+3 #a4 ,crack+ ! sk9 ( ! pea4 #b4 ,blan*+ = too long a p]iod4 #c4 ,use ( wat] :i* is too h>d or has too mu* m9]al cont5t4 ,,%r9kage ,,( ,,product ,,dur+ ,,cann+ ,%r9kage may be due to "o or m ( ! foll[+3 #a4 ,improp] blan*+ & cold-dipp+4 #b4 ,c>eless pack+ & us+ v>iety ( sizes4 #c4 ,/]iliz+ = too long a p]iod4 #d4 ,lack ( siz+ :ole products = ! conta9]4 ,sometimes !re is a natural %r9kage t _c be prev5t$4 ,?is is due to ! fact t vegetables conta9 air 9 _! tissues & :5 ?is air is driv5 (f by ! heat1 ! boil+ wat] 9 ! j> ru%es 9 to fill its place4 ,9 consequ5ce we h an app>5t %r9kage 9 ! am\nt ( wat]4 ,s be c>eful to d ! blan*+ z correctly z possible to drive out ! air2 h[ev]1 ! product w keep j z well 9 a j> half full ( wat] z if entirely cov]$ ) liquid4 ,! cont5ts ( ! j> :e!r food or air are /]ile4 ,,%r9kage ,,( ,,gre5s ,%r9kage ( gre5s or pot h]bs dur+ ! cann+ process is usually due to insuffici5t blan*+4 ,! prop] way to blan* all gre5s or pot h]bs is 9 a /eam] or 9 a vessel improvis$ to d ! blan*+ 9 live /eam above ! wat] l9e4 ,if ?is is n done mu* ( ! m9]al salts & volatile oil cont5ts w be extract$ by ! wat] & lo/4 ,,loss ,,( ,,liquid ,,dur+ ,,cann+ ,a loss ( liquid 9 cann+ ) a hot-wat]-ba? outfit may be caus$ by "o or m ( ! foll[+3 #a4 ,n hav+ ! wat] 9 ! /]iliz+ vat cov] ! tops ( ! j>s by at lea/ "o in*4 #b4 ,n provid+ a suitable plat=m to hold ! j>s (f ! bottom ( ! /]iliz+ vat1 p]mitt+ circulation ( wat] "u z well z ar\nd ! j>s4 #c4 ,n hav+ ! wire bail t goes ov] ! glass tops ( j>s suffici5tly tight4 ,,reasons ,,:y ,,juices ,,are ,,drawn ,,f ,,j>s ,,:5 ,,cann+ ,,) ,,/eam ,,pressure #a4 ,op5 pet cock aft] po9t] or gauge has rea*$ z]o2 te/ = pressure by op5+ pet cock sl[ly at fir/4 ,! gauge does n regi/] pressure until ab\t "o p\nd ( pressure has =m$1 h5ce op5+ ! pet cock be=e ! po9t] is at z]o means t f "o to two p\nds ( pressure is be+ reliev$ & ?is w draw ! juices ! same z all[+ ! boil] to /& & a vacuum to =m4 #b4 ,all[+ ! pressure to fluctuate dur+ ! "t ( /]iliz+1 su* z runn+ ! pressure up to fifte51 back to sev5 or eight & !n up aga94 #c4 ,wire bails c be & %\ld be a little tight] :5 j>s are put 9 a /eam pressure cann]4 ,! clamp %\ld be left up z /at$4 #d4 ,!re may be an escape ( /eam ar\nd ! seal ( ! boil] & ?is w\ld all[ ! pressure on ! inside ( ! boil] to fluctuate4 ,any "o ( ^? f\r ?+s w always cause loss ( juice4 ,,op]ation ,,( ,,hot-,,wat]-,,ba? ,,outfit ,^! f\r rules w help 9 ! op]ation ( ! hot-wat]-ba? cann+ outfit3 ,example1 wa% boil]4 #a4 ,support ! j>s (f ! bottom suffici5tly to p]mit ! circulation ( wat] "u & ar\nd ! j>s4 #b4 ,h ! wat] cov] ! tops ( ! j>s by at lea/ "o in*4 ,! heat & pressure mu/ be equal on all p>ts ( ! j>s4 #c4 ,c\nt "t z soon z ! wat] beg9s to jump ov] ! entire surface4 ,keep x jump+4 #d4 ,remove j>s f ! wat] & tight5 ! cov]s z soon z ! "t is up4 ,rapid cool+ ( ! products prev5ts ov]cook+1 cl>ifies ! liquid & pres]ves ! %ape & texture4 ,op]ation ( /eam]s or d\ble-deck]s z !y are sometimes call$4 ,^! h a small am\nt ( wat] 9 a pan bel[ two racks & ! products cook 9 /eam in/ead ( boil+ wat]4 #a4 ,h wat] boil+ 9 pan :5 products are put 94 #b4 ,use same "t-table z = hot-wat] ba? or wa% boil]4 #c4 ,remove j>s f /eam at ! end ( ! /]iliz+ p]iod4 ,d n all[ !m to cool (f 9 ! /eam]4 ,! op]ation ( a wat]-seal cann] is v simple4 #a4 ,j>s put on racks & l[]$ 9 wat] z 9 wa%-boil] b due to an extra jacket ! temp]ature is high] ?an boil+ wat]4 #b4 ,foll[ "t-table "u wat]-seal4 ,,op]ation ,,( ,,/eam ,,pressure ,,& ,,pressure ,,cook] ,,cann] #a4 ,place ea* j> 9 ! cann] z soon z x is pack$4 #b4 ,h wat] come up to b n above ! plat=m4 #c4 ,h cann] absolutely /eam tight4 #d4 ,:5 cann] has be5 fill$ fa/5 opposite clamps mod]ately tight4 ,:5 ?is has be5 done tight5 ea* clamp fully4 #e4 ,all[ pet cock to rema9 op5 until live /eam bl[s f x4 #f4 ,close pet cock4 #g4 ,=ce pressure to ! requir$ po9t be=e c\nt+ "t4 #h4 ,ma9ta9 a uni=m pressure dur+ ! /]iliz+ p]iod4 #i4 ,all[ cann] to cool be=e op5+ pet cock4 #aj4 ,h pet cock completely clos$ dur+ ! cool+4 #aa4 ,op5 pet cock be=e vacuum =ms4 ,?is is evid5c$ by a ru% ( air into ! cann] :5 ! pet cock is op54 ,y c te/ ?is by plac+ ! f+] ov] ! end ( ! pet cock4 ,if a vacuum =ms x w draw ! fle% ( ! f+] into ! op5+4 #ab4 ,remove j>s f cann] & tight5 lids z soon z cann] is op5$4 ,,breakage ,,( ,,j>s ,:5 breakage ( j>s occurs x is due to su* causes z ^!3 #a4 ,ov]pack+ j>s4 ,corn1 pumpk9 & sweet potatoes swell or exp& 9 process+4 ,d n q fill j>s ) ^! products4 #b4 ,plac+ cold j>s 9 hot wat] or vice v]sa4 ,z soon z j>s are fill$ ) hot sirup or hot wat]1 place imm$iately 9 ! cann]4 #c4 ,hav+ ! wire bail ( glass top j>s too tight4 #d4 ,9 /eam cann]1 hav+ too mu* wat] 9 ! cann]4 ,! wat] %\ld n come above ! tray4 #e4 ,cold draft /rik+ ! j>s :5 !y are remov$ f ! cann]4 #f4 ,wire spr+ too tight1 ?us break+ j> :5 cont5ts exp&4 ,,mold ,,on ,,cann$ ,,products ,mold may result f "o or m ( ! foll[+3 #a4 ,leaky rubb]s or defective jo9ts4 #b4 ,remov+ tops f ! j>s at ! end ( /]iliz+ p]iod & sub/itut+ new rubb]s1 )\t return+ ! j>s to ! cann+ outfit = at lea/ a few m9utes4 #c4 ,if ! j>s are kept 9 a damp cell> :]e ! rubb]s may decompose1 mold may ent] ?r\gh ^! decompos$ rubb]s4 ,,acidity ,,( ,,tomatoes ,,aft] ,,cann+ ,too great a degree ( acidity 9 cann$ tomatoes may be due to climatic conditions or ov]ripe or und]ripe product4 ,su* acidity c be correct$ by add+ teaspoonful ( bak+ soda to "o qu>t ( tomatoes4 ,,wat] ,,requirem5ts ,,= ,,home ,,cann+ ,! h>d5+ ( beans1 peas & "s o!r products aft] cook+ or process+1 or ! turn+ ( gre5 vegetables to a d>k or russet color usually indicates t ! wat] conta9s too high a p]c5tage ( m9]al matt]4 ,wat] us$ = cann+ purposes %\ld be pure1 s(t if possible or z free f objectionable & excessive qualities ( m9]al matt] z possible4 ,if y are to c any l>ge quantity ( food products & h difficulty ) ! wat] available1 x w\ld be well = y to h ! wat] analyz$ & = y to secure ! advice ( "s "o at y\r college ( agriculture4 ,,too ,,mu* ,,salt ,,9 ,,cann$ ,,goods ,,injuri\s ,,to ,,quality ,mo/ vegetables z well z meats are injur$ 9 quality by an excessive use ( salt = season+ 9 ! cann+ process4 ,a little salt is v palatable & its use %\ld be enc\rag$ b x is bett] to add no salt 9 cann+ ?an to use too mu*1 z x c be add$ to suit ! ta/e :5 s]v$4 ,,altitude ,,& ,,its ,,effect ,,on ,,cann+ ,rememb] t practically all in/ructions on home cann+ are bas$ ^u a "t s*$ule = /]ilization f sea level to an altitude ( #ejj feet above sea level4 ,:5 cann+ at an altitude ( m ?an #ejj feet above sea level1 x w be necess>y to use y\r judgm5t 9 ! increase ( "t = /]iliz+ on ! basis ( #bj p] c5t = ea* #d1jjj feet4 ,blan*+ means boil+1 n hot4 ,9 diff]5t directions = cann+ we (t5 f9d hot wat] m5tion$ :5 boil+ wat] is int5d$4 ,wat] %\ld be boil+ at a gallop :5 vegetables are blan*$--b]ries & s(t fruits are n usually blan*$1 ?\gh "s are scald$ to loos5 ! sk94 ,,b]ries ,,or ,,fruit ,,ris+ ,,to ,,! ,,top ,"s wom5 are di/urb$ because b]ries & fruits h a t5d5cy to always rise to ! top ( ! j> leav+ a sirup space 9 ! bottom4 ,to prev5t ?is y c scald all b]ries & fruits :i* are n ord9>ily scald$1 = "o m9ute & !n cold-dip !m4 ,!y w be s(t5$ "s1 b rema9 firm1 & c be pack$ v closely 9 a j>4 ,!y c be pack$ s closely t only a little sirup c be add$4 ,:5 a j> ?us pack$ comes f ! /]iliz] ! b]ries or fruit are n float+ z !y w\ld be if !y 7 n scald$4 ,ano!r me?od employ$ to prev5t b]ries f float+ is to put ! hot /]iliz$ j> on its side :ile cool+ & to roll x frequ5tly dur+ ! cool+ p]iod4 ,! b]ries are !n ev5ly di/ribut$ ?r\gh ! sirup4 ,9 cann+ mu%rooms 9 t91 always use lacqu]$ cans4 ,d n fail to blan* & cold dip be=e pack+1 & remove ! mu%rooms imm$iately aft] op5+ ! t9 cans4 ,9 cann+ cabbage & o!r simil> products always soak ! product 9 cold br9e = "o h\r be=e /]iliz+4 ,use p\nd salt to #ab qu>ts wat]4 ,?is is believ$ to improve ! flavor4 ,always wa% gre5s or o!r vegetables1 to remove all dirt & grit4 ,,tr\bles ,,) ,,t9 ,,cans ,to discov] p9-holes or any leaks 9 a t9 c1 imm]se x 9 boil+ wat] aft] seal+ & if !re is any bubbl+ f ! c1 y may re/ assur$ x ne$s reseal+4 ,swells 9 t9 cans are caus$ by insuffici5t /]ilization4 ,! action ( bact]ia causes gas to =m 9 ! c & z a result !re is a bulg+ at ei!r end4 ,if left alone long en\gh ! cans w explode4 ,wat* c>efully all bulg+ cans & use !m fir/4 ,sometimes a slight bulge occurs :5 a c has be5 fill$ too full4 ,if y h tr\ble seal+ t9 cans ! *ances are t ! c is too full4 ,see t no p>ticle ( food t\*es ! top or :5 sold]+1 if y employ t me?od ( seal+1 small p9 holes w be bl[n 9 ! seal by escap+ /eam :i* is g5]at$ by ! hot seal] com+ 9 contact ) ! cold food4 ,ano!r cause ( seal+ tr\ble lies sometimes 9 a poorly heat$ capp+ /eel or because x is n kept brightly t9n$4 ,to make a prop] seal ! /eel mu/ be kept bright1 hot & clean4 ,also1 be sure y buy good sold] z !re are inf]ior grades t are too poor to fl[ :5 prop]ly heat$4 ,,froz5 ,,products ,wat* all j>s & cans t h be5 subject$ to a freeze4 ,if ! cans or j>s d n bur/ ! only h>m done is a slight s(t5+ ( ! food tissues4 ,9 glass j>s aft] freez+ !re is sometimes a small crack left :i* w admit air & consequ5tly bact]ia4 ,sometimes cans & j>s tip ov] 9 ! wa% boil] dur+ /]iliz+4 ,?is is caus$ by us+ a false-bottom :i* is too l[ or because x is n well p]=at$4 ,or x may be due to ! fact t ! j> 0 n well pack$ & s may be too light 9 weight4 ,,*apt] ,,xii ,,gett+ ,,ready ,,to ,,dry ,= v>i\s reasons wom5 h n tak5 s k9dly to dry+ fruits & vegetables z !y h to cann+ ^! foods4 ,"o woman said to me3 ,i l ! cann+ because ,i c come to a demon/ration & see ! :ole process c>ri$ ?r\gh f />t to f9i%4 ,! dry+ ( /rawb]ries _c be complet$ 9 sixte5 m9utes z ! cann+ is4 ,& ano!r woman said3 ,:at ,i d n l ab\t dry+ is hav+ ! /uff /&+ r\nd ! h\se some:]e = s _m h\rs4 ,i l to get ?+s 9 ! j>s & out ( sight4 ,^! two objections seem to be express$ m ?an any o!r4 ,& 9 addition !re is a ?ird objection to dry+3 ,i want my prep>$ food ready to use on a m9ute's notice4 ,i c quickly op5 a c ( my fruit & vegetables & !re x is ready4 ,) my dri$ ?+s ,i h to all[ "t = soak+ & cook+4 ,?is we w h to admit is true4 ,b :at weight h ^! ?ree argum5ts aga9/ ! _m advantages ( dry+8 ,:5 we /udy ! hi/ory ( food pres]vation we f9d t dry+ 0 practic$ be=e cann+1 pickl+ or pres]v+4 ,i "k my gr&mo!r successfully dri$ quantities ( ?+s4 ,vegetable & fruit dry+ h be5 little practic$ = a g5]ation or m1 ?\gh !re h be5 "s ?rifty h\sekeep]s :o h clung to _! dri$ corn1 peas1 beans & apples4 ,a fri5d ( m9e says3 ,:y1 dri$ corn has a mu* bett]1 sweet] ta/e ?an y\r cann$ /uff4 ,i w\ld r h "o little di% ( my delici\s dri$ corn ?an two big di%es ( y\r cann$ corn4 ,dry+1 ,i ?9k we w all admit1 does n & _c take ! place ( cann+ fruits & vegetables 9 glass or t94 ,dry+ & cann+ are tw9 si/]s1 & always g h& 9 h&4 ,! ideal arrangem5t = all homes1 :e!r on ! f>m1 9 ! village1 9 ! t[n or 9 ! city1 is to h an ample supply ( cann$ food = em]g5cies & quick s]vice1 & an equally ample supply ( dri$ foods :5 meals are plann$ be=eh& & !re is "t en\gh = ! soak+ & cook+ ( ! dri$ foods4 ,,! ,,advantages ,,( ,,dry+ ,:5 we come "r d[n to facts1 dry+ has _m advantages ov] cann+4 ,! process is v simple1 z y w see4 ,! co/ is slight4 ,9 almo/ e home ! necess>y equipm5t1 9 its simple/ =m1 is already at h&4 ,!re is no exp5se = glass j>s or t9 cans1 & ) ord9>y c>e !re is no loss ( products1 z !re may be 9 h&l+ glass j>s or f spoilage4 ,! actual "w requires less "t & less skill ?an cann+ & ! dri$ products :5 prop]ly prep>$ are j z good z ! cann$ ones--"s say bett]4 ,"o special ?+ 9 favor ( dry+ is ! little /orage space ne$$4 ,y c (t5 r$uce #ajj p\nds ( fre% product to t5 p\nds by dry+1 )\t any loss ( food value & ) little loss ( flavor4 ,dri$ products c be mov$ m conv5i5tly ?an glass j>s or t9 cans1 = !y are usually r$uc$ to f "o-?ird to "o-fif? ( ! orig9al bulk4 ,ano!r valuable ?+ ab\t dry+ is t ! little odds & ends "o w\ld sc>cely bo!r to c may be dri$ 9 ! ov5 z y g ab\t y\r h\sework4 ,i h (t5 be5 ask$ ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! mean+ ( ! t]ms evaporat$1 dri$1 desiccat$ & dehydrat$4 ,^! t]ms are us$ m or less int]*angeably :5 appli$ to foods f :i* ! moi/ure has be5 remov$4 ,9 a g5]al way1 h[ev]1 evaporat$ products are ^? f :i* ! moi/ure has be5 remov$ ?r\gh ! ag5cy ( artificial heat2 dri$ fruit is t :i* has be5 expos$ to ! heat ( ! sun1 ?\gh n infrequ5tly ! t]m is appli$ to products h&l$ 9 ! evaporator4 ,! o!r t]ms are commonly appli$ to products t h be5 evaporat$ by "o ( ! v>i\s pat5t$ processes 9 :i* equipm5t ( "s special design has be5 us$4 ,to avoid any confusion we w use ! g5]al t]m dri$ = all products t h en\gh ( ! wat] remov$ to prev5t bact]ial action1 b :i* /ill reta9 ! maximum food value1 color & flavor ( ! orig9al product4 ,& t is :at we want to accompli% :5 we attempt to dry4 ,h[ are we to remove ! wat] & /ill reta9 food value1 color & flavor8 ,!re are ?ree pr9cipal me?ods by :i* we c d ?is4 ,fir/1 by artificial heat4 ,dry+ by artificial heat is done 9 ! ov5 or on top ( a cook/ove or range1 9 trays susp5d$ on ! /ove or 9 a specially con/ruct$ dry] built at home or pur*as$4 ,second1 by ! sun4 ,sun dry+ is done ei!r out ( doors 9 ! sun1 "u glass 9 sun p>lors1 or ! products are hung 9 ! attic :]e ! sun has free access4 ,?ird1 satisfactory dry+ may be done by an air bla/ f an electric fan4 ,( c\rse any "o ( ^! may be us$ alone or two diff]5t me?ods may be comb9$4 ,y c />t a product on ! /ove & f9i% x 9 ! sun1 or vice v]sa4 ,! simple/ & yet ! mo/ effective dry+ may be done on plates or di%es plac$ 9 ! ov54 ,x may be done on ! back ( ! kit*5 /ove ) ^! same ut5sils :ile ! ov5 is be+ us$ = bak+4 ,9 ?is way left-ov]s & o!r bits ( food may be dri$ ) slight tr\ble :ile ! /ove is be+ us$1 & sav$ = w9t] use4 ,?is me?od is especially effective = sweet corn4 ,a few sweet potatoes1 apples or peas1 or ev5 a s+le turnip1 may be dri$ & sav$4 ,to keep ! heat f be+ too great1 :5 dry+ 9 ! ov5 leave ! ov5 door p>tly op54 ,= ov5 use1 a simple tray may be made ( galvaniz$-wire scre5 ( conv5i5t size1 ) ! edges b5t up = an in* or two on ea* side4 ,at ea* corn] ?is tray %\ld h a leg an in* or two 9 l5g? to hold x up f ! bottom ( ! ov5 & p]mit circulation ( air r\nd ! product4 ,ov5 dry+ 9 a gas range is an effective me?od if ! temp]ature is kept ev54 ,an ov5 !rmomet] is a great conv5i5ce1 o!rwise ! temp]ature w h to be c>efully wat*$ & ! burn]s turn$ z l[ z possible4 ,x is economy 9 ! end to pur*ase an ov5 !rmomet]1 = !n y c h ! temp]ature j "r4 ,x is be/ to />t ! temp]ature at #aaj degrees ,fahr5heit & dry at #acj degrees4 ,nev] g ov] #aej degrees4 ,if y wi% to dry 9 ! ov5 ov] ! k]os5e /ove1 place soap/ones ov] ea* burn] to prev5t ! heat f becom+ too int5se4 ,turn ! burn]s v l[ until ! /ones are ?or\ghly heat$4 ,y c turn (f ! burn]s completely aft] ! desir$ temp]ature is rea*$ & x w be ma9ta9$ f ! heat ( ! /ones = five or six h\rs4 ,if m "t ?an t is requir$ = ! dry+1 x may be necess>y to light ! burn]s aga9 be=e ! end ( ! process4 ,! products %\ld be turn$ con/antly1 s t !y may dry ev5ly4 ,:5 us+ any ov5 = dry+ y c cov] ! ov5 racks ) *eeseclo? & spread ! products on !m4 ,always h ! racks two or ?ree in*es ap>t to all[ free circulation ( air4 ,an effective dry] = use ov] a /ove or range may easily be made at home4 ,= ! frame use /rips ( wood a half in* ?ick & two in*es wide4 ,! trays or %elves are made ( galvaniz$-wire scre5 ( small me% tack$ to ! supports4 ,sep>ate trays slid+ on /rips atta*$ to ! framework are desirable4 ,?is dry] may be susp5d$ f ! ceil+ ov] ! kit*5 /ove or range or ov] an oil1 gasol9e or gas /ove1 & x may be us$ :ile cook+ is be+ done4 ,if an oil /ove is us$ !re mu/ be a tightly fitt+ t9 or galvaniz$-iron bottom to ! dry]1 to prev5t ! fumes ( ! oil f rea*+ & pass+ ?r\gh ! mat]ial :i* is to be dri$4 ,a bottom ( ?is k9d may be easily atta*$ to any dry]1 homemade or comm]cial4 ,a framework crane makes x possible = ?is dry] to be swung to "o side :5 n 9 use4 ,a l>g] k9d ( homemade /ove dry] c be made4 ,?is is a good size3 base1 #af by #bd in*es2 height1 #cf in*es4 ,! l[] "p or support+ framework1 six in*es high1 is made ( galvaniz$ %eet iron1 slightly fl>+ t[>d ! bottom1 & ) two v5tilat+ holes 9 ea* ( ! f\r sides4 ,! frame :i* re/s on ?is base is made ( /rips ( wood "o or "o & a half in*es wide4 ,wood5 /rips1 an in* & a qu>t] wide & ?ree in*es ap>t1 s]ve to brace ! sides & furni% supports = ! trays4 ,9 a dry] ( ! dim5sions giv5 !re is room = eight trays4 ,! sides1 top & back are ( galvaniz$-iron or t9 %eets1 tack$ to ! framework1 ?\gh ?9 /rips ( wood may be us$ in/ead ( ! metal4 ,small h+es & a ?umb lat* are provid$ = ! door4 ,galvaniz$ %eet iron1 ) num]\s small holes 9 x1 is us$ = mak+ ! bottom ( ! dry]4 ,to prev5t direct heat f com+ 9 contact ) ! product & also to di/ribute ! heat by radiation1 a piece ( galvaniz$ %eet iron is plac$ two in*es above ! bottom4 ,?is piece is ?ree in*es %ort] & ?ree in*es n>r[] ?an ! bottom & re/s on two wires fa/5$ to ! sides4 ,! trays are made ( wood5 frames ( "o-in* /rips1 to :i* is tack$ galvaniz$-wire scre54 ,ea* tray %\ld be ?ree in*es %ort] ?an ! dry] & en\gh n>r[] to all[ x to slide easily on ! supports :5 be+ put 9 or tak5 out4 ,9 plac+ ! trays 9 ! dry] pu% ! l[] "o back z f> z x w g1 leav+ a ?ree-in* space 9 front4 ,place ! next tray ev5 ) ! front1 leav+ ! space at ! back4 ,alt]nate all ! trays 9 ?is way to facilitate ! circulation ( ! heat$ air4 ,x is well to h a v5tilat+ op5+1 six by two in*es1 9 ! top ( ! dry] to dis*>ge moi/ure4 ,! trays %\ld be %ift$ dur+ ! dry+ process to procure uni=mity ( dry+4 ,sev]al types ( /ove dry]s are on ! m>ket4 ,"o ( ^! has a s]ies ( trays 9 a framework1 =m+ a comp>tm5t4 ,?is is plac$ on top ( ! /ove4 ,ano!r is a %all[ metal box :i* is fill$ ) wat]4 ,?is is really a wat]-ba? dry]4 ,?is dry] or dehydrator c be us$ on ei!r a gas or coal range4 ,a !rmomet] is necess>y 9 ord] to ma9ta9 ! "r temp]ature4 ,! slices ( vegetables or fruit are plac$ on ! tray ) ! !rmomet]1 & ! dry] does ! "w4 ,comm]cial dry]s hav+ _! own furnaces may be b\ght at prices rang+ f #bd to #abj4 ,"s ( ^!1 9 ! small] sizes1 may be b\ght )\t furnaces & us$ on top ( ! kit*5 /ove4 ,! co/ is f #af upw>d4 ,sun dry+ has mu* to recomm5d x4 ,!re is no exp5se = fuel1 no !rmomet] is ne$$1 & !re is no dang] ( ov]heat+ ! fruits or vegetables4 ,= sun dry+ ( fruits & vegetables1 ! simple/ way is to spread ! slices or pieces on %eets ( pla9 pap] or l5g?s ( musl9 & expose !m to ! sun4 ,musl9 is to be pref]r$ if !re is dang] ( /ick+4 ,trays may be us$ in/ead ( pap] or musl94 ,sun dry+ requires bright1 hot days & a breeze4 ,once or twice a day ! product %\ld be turn$ or /irr$ & ! dry pieces tak5 out4 ,! dry+ product %\ld be cov]$ ) *eeseclo? tack$ to a frame = protection f du/ & fly+ insects4 ,if trays are re/$ on supports plac$ 9 pans ( wat]1 ! products w be protect$ f crawl+ insects4 ,c>e mu/ be tak5 to provide protection f ra91 dew & mo?s4 ,dur+ ra9s & j be=e sunset ! products %\ld be tak5 indoors4 ,to make a *eap tray = use 9 sun dry+1 take /rips ( wood ?ree-qu>t]s ( an in* ?ick & two in*es wide = ! sides & ends4 ,to =m ! bottom1 la?s %\ld be nail$ to ^! /rips1 ) spaces ( "o-eigh? ( an in* betwe5 ! la?s to p]mit air circulation4 ,a l5g? ( f\r feet1 correspond+ to ! /&>d l5g?s ( la?s1 is economical4 ,in/ead ( ! la?s galvaniz$-wire scre5 ) op5+s ( "o-eigh? or "o-qu>t] ( an in*1 may be us$4 ,9 us+ wire ! size ( ! tray %\ld be regulat$ by ! wid? ( wire scre5 obta9able4 ,! trays %\ld be ( uni=m size1 s t !y may be /ack$ toge!r = conv5i5ce 9 h&l+4 ,a small homemade sun dry]1 easily con/ruct$1 is made ( light /rips ( wood1 a %eet ( glass1 a small am\nt ( galvaniz$-wire scre5 & "s *eeseclo?4 ,a conv5i5t size = ! glass top is eighte5 by tw5ty-f\r in*es4 ,to hold ! glass make a light wood5 frame ( /rips ( wood a half in* ?ick & "o in* wide4 ,?is frame %\ld h legs ( mat]ial "o by "o & a half in*es1 ) a l5g? ( twelve in*es = ! front legs & eighte5 in*es = ^? 9 ! re>4 ,?is w cause ! top to slope1 :i* aids 9 circulation ( air & gives direct exposure to ! rays ( ! sun4 ,z a tray support nail a /rip ( wood to ! legs on ea* ( ! f\r sides1 ab\t f\r in*es bel[ ! top framework & slop+ p>allel ) ! top4 ,! tray is made ( ?9 /rips ( wood ab\t two in*es wide & has a galvaniz$-wire scre5 bottom4 ,!re w be a space ( ab\t two in*es betwe5 ! top edges ( ! tray & ! glass top ( ! dry]1 to all[ = circulation ( air4 ,protect bo? sides1 ! bottom & ! front ( ! dry] ) *eeseclo?1 tack$ on securely & snugly1 to exclude insects & du/ )\t int]f]+ ) circulation4 ,at ! re> place a *eeseclo? curta91 tack$ at ! top b sw++ free bel[1 to all[ ! tray to be mov$ 9 & out4 ,brace ! bottom ( ?is curta9 ) a ?9 /rip ( wood1 z is done 9 w9d[ %ades4 ,?is curta9 is to be fa/5$ to ! legs by buttons :5 ! tray is 9 place4 ,if y h a sunny1 breezy attic y c hang y\r dry+ trays !re4 ,! use ( an electric fan is an effective means ( dry+4 ,z !re is no dang] ( ! food scor*+1 ! fan proves z effective z ! sun = dry+4 ,slic$ vegetables or fruits are plac$ on trays "o foot wide & ?ree feet long4 ,^! trays are /ack$ & ! fan plac$ close to "o end1 ) ! curr5t ( air direct$ l5g?wise along ! trays4 ,! numb] ( trays to be us$ is regulat$ by ! size ( ! fan4 ,dry+ by ?is process may be done 9 tw5ty-f\r h\rs or less4 ,) slic$ /r+ beans & %r$d$ sweet potatoes a few h\rs are suffici5t if ! air is dry4 ,( importance equal to prop] dry+ is ! prop] pack+ & /orage ( ! f9i%$ product4 ,use bak+-p[d] & c(fee cans & simil> cov]$ t9s1 pa/ebo>d boxes ) tight-fitt+ cov]s1 /rong pap] bags1 & pat5t$ p>aff9 pap] boxes1 :i* may be b\ght 9 quantities at comp>atively l[ co/4 ,a p>aff9 conta9] ( ! type us$ by oy/] deal]s = ! deliv]y ( oy/]s w be f\nd inexp5sive & easily h&l$4 ,if us+ ?is or a bak+-p[d] c or simil> conta9]1 aft] fill+ adju/ ! cov] closely4 ,! cov] %\ld !n be seal$4 ,to d ?is pa/e a /rip ( pap] r\nd ! top ( ! c1 cov]+ ! jo9t betwe5 c & cov] = ! purpose ( exclud+ air4 ,pa/ebo>d boxes %\ld be seal$ by apply+ melt$ p>aff9 ) a bru% to ! jo9t4 ,if a pap] bag is us$ ! top %\ld be twi/$1 d\bl$ ov] & ti$ ) a /r+4 ,moi/ure may be kept out ( pap] bags by coat+ !m1 us+ a bru% dipp$ into melt$ p>aff94 ,ano!r good precaution is to /ore bags 9 an ord9>y l>d pail or c or o!r t9 vessel hav+ a closely fitt+ cov]4 ,! products %\ld be /or$ 9 a cool1 dry place1 well v5tilat$ & protect$ f rats1 mice & insects4 ,9 localities :]e ! air is v moi/1 moi/ure-pro( conta9]s mu/ be us$4 ,x is good practice to use small conta9]s1 s t x w n be necess>y to leave ! cont5ts expos$ long aft] op5+ & be=e us+4 ,a v good plan is to pack j en\gh fruit or vegetables = "o or two meals 9 ea* conta9]4 ,?is w less5 ! *ance ( l>ge quantities be+ spoil$4 ,= conv5i5ce label all packages4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii ,,h[ ,,to ,,dry ,,fruits ,hav+ decid$ to add ! accompli%m5t ( dry+ to y\r o!r h\sewifely arts1 y h giv5 "s ?\ght & /udy to ! subject ( dri]s4 ,y n[ "k :e!r y pref] sun1 artificial or fan dry+4 ,y h ei!r made or b\ght "s k9d ( a dri]4 ,little o!r equipm5t is ne$$4 ,a few good p>+ knives1 "s plates1 & if possible "s cutt+ or slic+ device to light5 ! "w ( prep>ation are all t are necess>y4 ,a %>p kit*5 knife w s]ve e purpose 9 slic+ & cutt+ fruits = dry+1 if no o!r device is at h&4 ,! ?ickness ( all slices ( fruit %\ld be f an eigh? to a qu>t] ( an in*4 ,:e!r slic$ or cut into /rips ! pieces %\ld be small1 s z to dry quickly4 ,!y %\ld n1 h[ev]1 be s small z to make !m h>d to h&le or to keep !m f be+ us$ to advantage 9 prep>+ di%es = ! table1 su* z w\ld be prep>$ f fre% products4 ,b]ries are dri$ :ole4 ,apples1 qu9ces1 pea*es & pe>s dry bett] if cut into halves1 r+s or qu>t]s4 ,cleanl9ess is ess5tial4 ,a knife blade t is n bright & clean w discolor ! product on :i* x is us$4 ,w9t] apples %\ld be *os5 = dry+ :5 possible1 z sweet apples & e>ly v>ieties are n s well adapt$ to ! purpose4 ,! ,nor!rn ,spy1 ! ,baldw9 & ! ,b5 ,davis give a good-flavor$ dri$ product4 ,mo/ e>ly v>ieties lack suffici5t firmness ( texture = ! be/ results4 ,on ! o!r h&1 "s comp>atively e>ly k9ds1 su* z ,grav5/e9 & ,port]1 are consid]ably priz$ 9 "s sections4 ,to prep>e !m = dry+1 apples are peel$1 cor$1 trimm$ & slic$ "o qu>t] ( an in* ?ick4 ,be sure to cut out all worm holes1 decay$ spots & o!r blemi%es4 ,defects are easily cut out ) an ord9>y /raight-back1 %>p-po9t$ knife hav+ a blade two & a half to ?ree in*es long4 ,to prev5t discoloration1 z fa/ z ! fruit is prep>$ dip x into a weak salt solution--?ree level teaspoonfuls ( salt to "o gallon ( wat]4 ,aft] all ! apples are prep>$1 remove surplus moi/ure & put on trays1 wat]-ba? dri] or :atev] device y are us+4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,regulate ,,! ,,heat ,/>t ) ! temp]ature at #aaj degrees ,fahr5heit1 gradually raise x to #acj degrees & d ! dry+ at t temp]ature4 ,x is important to "k ! degree ( heat 9 ! dri]1 & ?is _c be det]m9$ v accurately except by us+ a !rmomet]4 ,inexp5sive ov5 !rmomet]s c be b\ght or an ord9>y !rmomet] c be susp5d$ 9 ! dri]4 ,if a !rmomet] is n us$ ! greate/ c>e %\ld be giv5 to ! regulation ( ! heat4 ,! temp]ature 9 ! dri] rises r quickly & ! product may scor* unless close att5tion is giv5 to x4 ,! reason sun dry+ is popul>ly believ$ to give fruits & vegetables a sweet] flavor probably is t 9 ! sun !y nev] are scor*$1 :]eas 9 ! ov5 or ov] a /ove scor*+ is likely to happ5 unless "o is v c>eful4 ,an ov5 or dairy !rmomet] is a good inve/m5t4 ,if y d n h a !rmomet] te/ ! heat by ! air feel+ w>m to ! h&4 ,! product %\ld nev] be s hot t x _c be grasp$ 9 ! h&4 ,9 ord] to prev5t ! fruit f burn+ :]e artificial heat is us$ & to keep x f /ick+ to ! dri] by rema9+ 9 contact ) x too long1 /ir ! fruit occasionally4 ,to insure ! mo/ uni=m dry+ 9 sun dry+1 ! fruit also %\ld be /irr$ occasionally4 ,rememb] t if trays ) metal bottoms are us$ = dry+1 !y %\ld be cov]$ ) *eeseclo? to prev5t acid action4 ,ov5 racks may be cov]$ ) ei!r *eeseclo? or heavy wrapp+ pap]4 ,! int]val betwe5 /irr+ v>ies ) ! type ( dri] us$1 ) ! condition ( ! fruit & ) ! degree ( heat ma9ta9$4 ,make ! fir/ /irr+ )9 two h\rs aft] ! dry+ is begun4 ,aft] t exam9e ! product f "t to "t & /ir (t5 en\gh to prev5t scor*+ or /ick+ & to insure uni=m dry+4 ,use a wood5 paddle = /irr+4 ,:]e sev]al trays or racks are plac$ "o above ! o!r1 x is necess>y to %ift ! trays f "t to "t1 s ! upp] tray goes to ! bottom & ! bottom tray to ! top4 ,! "t necess>y = dry+ fruit dep5ds ^u sev]al factors3 ,! type & con/ruction ( ! dri]2 ! dep? to :i* ! fruit is spread2 ! me?od ( prep>+1 :e!r slic$1 qu>t]$ or :ole2 ! temp]ature ma9ta9$2 & wea!r conditions1 :e!r bright & sunny or cl\dy & damp4 ,if ! atmosph]e is heavy & damp ! dry+ is ret>d$4 ,"u "s conditions x is h>dly possible ?or\ghly to dry fruit4 ,!re is possibly no /ep 9 ! entire dry+ process t requires bett]-tra9$ judgm5t ?an ! matt] ( kn[+ :5 ! fruit is suffici5tly dri$4 ,a little exp]i5ce w soon tea* ?is4 ,! fruit %\ld be s dry t :5 a h&ful ( slices is press$ toge!r firmly into a ball ! slices w be spr+y en\gh to sep>ate at once ^u be+ releas$ f ! h&4 ,no fruit %\ld h any visible moi/ure on ! surface4 ,z ! dri$ apples1 pe>s1 pea*es & apricots are h&l$ !y %\ld feel s(t & velvety to ! t\* & h a pliable texture4 ,y d n want fruit s dry t x w rattle4 ,if fruits are brittle y h dri$ !m too mu*4 ,aft] ! apples & all o!r fruits are dri$ !y mu/ g ?r\gh ano!r process1 call$ condition+4 ,! be/ way to condition fruits is to place !m 9 boxes or cans & p\r !m f "o conta9] into ano!r once a day = ?ree or f\r successive days4 ,by do+ ?is y mix ! fruit ?or\ghly & give to ! :ole mass an ev5 degree ( moi/ure4 ,pieces t are too dry w absorb moi/ure f ^? t are too moi/4 ,y may lose a :ole bag or j> ( dri$ products if y neglect ! condition+1 = if "o moi/ piece goes into t bag all is lo/4 ,moi/ure bre$s mold & mold means decay4 ,ask y\rself ^! que/ions3 ,d ,i ev] lose any dri$ products8 ,are my dri$ products :5 soak$ & cook$ z ne> l ! orig9al fruit z possible8 ,if y lose products & if y\r dri$ fruits are ta/eless y _h bett] />t ! condition+ process4 ,= ) ?is "o /ep add$ to y\r dry+ y ne$ lose no dri$ products1 & y ne$ n dry ! fruits to ! brittle /age1 z y mu/ ( necessity d :5 y put !m away imm$iately4 ,aft] y h p\r$ ! dri$ products back & =? e day = ?ree or f\r days z an additional precaution1 reheat ! dri$ fruit to #adj degrees j long en\gh--ab\t ?irty m9utes--to all[ ! heat to p5etrate ?r\gh\t ! product4 ,two k9ds ( mo?s /& out prom95tly among insects t attack dri$ fruits & vegetables4 ,!y are mu* m likely to get into ! fruit dur+ ! process ( dry+ ?an to f9d _! way ?r\gh boxes into ! /or$ products4 ,?is applies p>ticul>ly to dry+ 9 ! sun4 ,! ,indian-meal mo? is ! mo/ de/ructive ( ^! insects4 ,x is ab\t ?ree-eigh?s ( an in* long & has a cloak$ appe>ance1 "o-?ird gray & ! re/ copp]-br[n4 ,! fig mo? is ab\t ! same size1 b d>k1 neutral gray4 ,a m9ute1 flatt5$ *ocolate-br[n beetle usually accompanies ^! mo?s & does consid]able damage4 ,bo? ( ! mo?s deposit _! eggs on fruit :5 x is on ! dry+ racks--usually at dusk or aft] d>k1 = ^! insects are n fond ( daylight4 ,x takes f ?ree to t5 days = ! eggs to hat* into :iti% or p9ki% grublike cat]pill>s1 & f five to t5 weeks f ! lay+ ( ! eggs be=e m mo?s appe> to lay ano!r lot ( eggs4 ,a numb] ( broods or g5]ations are produc$ ye>ly1 s if a few ( ^! mo? eggs are /or$ away on dri$ fruits or vegetables hundr$s ( cat]pill>s are produc$ & _m p\nds ( valuable mat]ial may be de/roy$ dur+ ! w9t] if ! products are /or$ 9 a w>m room4 ,dri$ fruits /or$ 9 w>m1 d>k b9s or 9 sacks (f] especially favorable places = ! developm5t ( ^! de/ructive mo?s4 ,x is evid5t t ! l>g] ! package1 ! great] ! *ance ( a few eggs do+ mu* damage4 ,small c>tons or conta9]s conf9e ! injury f ^! mo?s to small quantities ( mat]ial2 = if ! conta9]s are clos$ tightly ! insects _c easily escape f !m & infe/ o!r packages :i* may n h be5 infe/$ previ\sly4 ,if y are dry+ by sun & ! products are n ?or\ghly dry at night1 f9i% ! process on ! /ove4 ,if y desire to c>ry x ov] to ! next day scre5 ! dry+ racks e>ly 9 ! ev5+ & fa/5 d[n ! *eeseclo?4 ,) ^! precautions & ) prop] /orage1 no dang] ord9>ily ne$ be fe>$ f ^! insects4 ,! additional precaution ( heat+ ! dri$ product to #adj degrees = ?irty m9utes /]ilizes x if already infe/$4 ,?\gh n necess>y1 t9 cans or glass j>s make good receptacles = /orage ( dri$ fruits or vegetables4 ,pa/ebo>d boxes ) tight cov]s1 /\t pap] bags & pat5t$ p>aff9 pap] c>tons also af=d ample protection = dri$ products :5 protect$ f insects & rod5ts4 ,! dri$ products mu/ be protect$ f outside moi/ure1 & w keep be/ 9 a cool1 dry1 well-v5tilat$ place4 ,^! conditions1 h[ev]1 are difficult to obta9 9 ! m humid regions1 & !re moi/ure-tight conta9]s %\ld be us$4 ,if a small am\nt ( dri$ product is put 9 ea* receptacle1 j en\gh = "o or two meals1 x w n be necess>y to op5 a conta9]1 ! cont5ts ( :i* _c be consum$ 9 a %ort "t4 ,if a pap] bag is us$ ! upp] "p %\ld be twi/$ into a neck1 b5t ov] & ti$ tightly ) a /r+4 ,a fur!r precaution is to place ! small bags 9 a t9 conta9] ) a tightly fitt+ cov]1 su* z an ord9>y l>d c4 ,all bags %\ld be> a label4 ,pe>s & qu9ces usually are prep>$ & dri$ exactly z are apples4 ,pe>s are attractive :5 cut l5g?wise into halves1 ) ! /em & calyx remov$ b ! core left 94 ,or !y may be qu>t]$4 ,if slic$ l apples ! dry+ p]iod is %ort5$4 ,pea*es usually are dri$ unpeel$1 b !y are bett] if peel$ be=e dry+4 ,! fir/ /ep 9 ! prep>ation ( pea*es is to split !m op5 to remove ! pit4 ,to d ?is1 cut completely r\nd ! pea* 9 ! l9e ( ! suture ) a %>p knife4 ,! cut mu/ be complete1 = te>+ ( ! fle% w make ! f9i%$ product less attractive4 ,if ! fruit is to be peel$ ! p>+ %\ld be done be=e x is cut op5 to remove ! pit4 ,to facilitate ! removal ( ! sk91 dip ! pea*es 9 a kettle ( boil+ wat] = "o & a half m9utes2 !n plunge directly into cold wat]1 aft] :i* ! sk9s c be easily slipp$ (f4 ,aft] ! pit has be5 remov$1 lay on dri] pit side up4 ,! juice ( ! fruit w collect 9 ! pit or cup & w add to ! flavor & quality ( ! dri$ pea*es4 ,! pea*es c be cut into small] pieces if y wi% to less5 ! dry+ p]iod4 ,plums & apricots are n peel$1 b are cut into halves1 ! pits remov$ & dri$ 9 ! same way z pea*es4 ,small1 ?9-fle%$ v>ieties ( plums are n suitable = dry+4 ,:5 dry+ *]ries always remove ! /ems4 ,! pits may or may n be remov$4 ,! be/ product = lat] cook+ or eat+ has ! pit remov$1 ?\gh l>ge quantities ( juices are lo/ 9 ! pitt+ unless y provide "s way ( sav+ & utiliz+ x4 ,a prune is simply a plum hav+ c]ta9 qualities n possess$ by all plums4 ,all prunes are plums1 b n all plums are prunes4 ,! f9al te/ z to :e!r a plum is a prune is ! ability to dry )\t f]m5t+ ) ! pit /ill rema9+ 9 ! fruit4 ,if a plum _c dry )\t f]m5tation unless ! pit is remov$1 x is n a prune4 ,prunes = dry+1 l o!r fruits1 %\ld be fully ripe4 ,prunes are m]ely wa%$ & !n dri$ )\t remov+ ! pits4 ,! fruit is dry :5 ! sk9 is well %runk54 ,! texture %\ld be firm b spr+y & pliable en\gh to yield readily :5 press$ 9 ! h&4 ,! dry+ %\ld n be cont9u$ until ! individual prunes rattle z !y are br\ght 9 contact ) "o ano!r 9 h&l+4 ,prunes mu/ be condition$ be=e /or+4 ,9 dry+1 prunes %r9k ab\t two-?irds 9 weight--t is1 = e ?ree p\nds ( fre% fruit y get "o p\nd ( f9i%$ product4 ,small] fruits1 su* z r$ & black raspb]ries1 blackb]ries1 huckleb]ries1 dewb]ries1 /rawb]ries & blueb]ries1 are simply wa%$ & !n put to dry4 ,b]ries mu/ n be dri$ too h>d2 if too mu* moi/ure is remov$ !y w n resume _! orig9al =m :5 soak$ 9 wat]4 ,b ! mat]ial mu/ be dri$ suffici5tly or x w mold4 ,hav5't y (t5 ta/$ extremely se$y dri$ b]ries8 ,!y 7 dri$ until !y rattl$4 ,/op ! dry+ z soon z ! b]ries fail to /a9 ! h& :5 press$4 ,to obta9 ! mo/ satisfactory results s(t fruits %\ld be only "o lay] deep on ! dry+ trays4 ,fruits conta9 ab\t #hj to #ie p] c5t wat] & :5 dri$ suffici5tly /ill reta9 f #ae to #bj p] c5t ( wat]1 s x is a good plan to weigh be=e & aft] dry+4 ,! product %\ld lose f two-?irds to f\r-fif?s ( its weight4 ,,/eps ,,9 ,,fruit ,,dry+ #a4 ,?or\ghly cleanse ! product4 #b4 ,prep>e ! product by slic+ & s on4 #c4 ,spread on trays2 put 9 ov5 or put on comm]cial dri]4 #d4 ,/ir occasionally4 #e4 ,%ift trays4 #f4 ,te/ = complet5ess ( dry+4 #g4 ,condition = ?ree or f\r days4 ,sweet fruits may conta9 m moi/ure )\t spoil+ ?an ^? ( l[ sug> cont5t4 #h4 ,heat to #adj degrees ,fahr5heit = ?irty m9utes1 to kill all insects4 #i4 ,pack imm$iately 9 available receptacles4 #aj4 ,label & /ore4 ,,fruit ,,pa/es ,fruit pa/es are delici\s & c be dri$4 #a4 ,select1 wa%1 prep>e fruit4 #b4 ,cook until s(t2 /ir4 #c4 ,add sug> to sweet54 #d4 ,cont9ue cook+ until v ?ick4 #e4 ,spread out flat by spoonfuls on oil$ pap]4 #f4 ,dry 9 sl[ ov52 f9i% dry+ ov] kit*5 range4 #g4 ,turn f "t to "t l griddle cakes4 ,nuts ( all k9ds c be dri$ 9 ^! cakes1 :i* may be left :ole or cut 9 /rips ) scissors4 ,,c&i$ ,,fruits ,,& ,,vegetables #a4 ,select product ( uni=m size & rip5ess4 #b4 ,wa%2 prep>e 9 usual way4 #c4 ,cut fruit 9 halves1 qu>t]s or small] sections2 cut vegetables 9 n>r[ /rips two & a half in*es long4 #d4 ,drop 9 a sirup cook$ until x sp9s a ?read4 ,to prep>e g+] sirup1 add a few roots ( g+] to ! sirup4 #e4 ,cook until transp>5t4 #f4 ,dra94 #g4 ,dry 9 sl[ ov52 ,f9i% dry+ ov] kit*5 range4 #h4 ,roll 9 granulat$ sug>4 7,may be omitt$ = fruits47 ,?is me?od is recomm5d$ especially = c&i$ apples1 pea*es1 pe>s & c>rots4 ,9 a prop]ly con/ruct$ sun dri]1 all fruits w dry 9 f #c to #ab h\rs1 "u normal summ] conditions4 ,"t dep5ds on dryness ( atmosph]e1 sun%9e & w9d4 ,products dri$ 9 a sun dri]1 no matt] h[ crude1 are sup]ior to ^? dri$ 9 ! op5 )\t protection ( "s k9d4 ,products dry m rapidly 9 high altitudes ?an at sea level4 ,racks 9 ov5 c be us$4 ,plates or platt]s c be us$ 9 ov54 ,a /ove dri] hung ov] ! /ove c be us$4 ,a wat]-ba? or o!r comm]cial dri] c be us$ ) ! /ove4 ,,"t-,,table ,,= ,,dry+ ,,fruits ,a ,,artificial ,,heat ,,"t ,,9 ,,h\rs ,,temp]ature #aaj ,,to #acj ,f4 ,b ,,fan--,,no ,,heat ,,approximate ,,"t ,,9 ,,h\rs ,,product ,,prep>ation ,a ,b ,apples ,peel1 core1 trim & slice #d-f #bd-cf ?ick4 ,drop 9 salt solution1 #c level teaspoonfuls to #a gallon ( wat] to prev5t discoloration4 ,apricots ,remove pits1 b d n peel4 ,cut #d-f #bd-cf into halves & dry1 cup side up4 ,b]ries1 ,all ,k9ds ,wa%2 /em or hull4 #d-e #bd-cf ,*]ries ,remove /ems4 ,pit or n1 z #b-d #bd-cf desir$4 ,if pitt$1 save & utilize juice4 ,pe>s ,peel1 core1 trim & slice #d-f #bd-cf ?ick4 ,or peel1 cut 9 halves l5g?wise2 remove /ems & calyx4 ,pea*es ,peel1 remove /ones2 cut 9 halves #d-f #bd-cf or small] pieces4 ,if 9 halves1 lay pit or cup side up to reta9 juice4 ,plums ,d n peel1 b remove pits4 ,cut #d-f #bd-cf 9 halves & dry1 cup side up4 ,prunes ,wa%2 d n pit4 #e-g #bd-cf ,qu9ces ,peel1 core1 trim & slice #d-f #bd-cf ?ick4 ,rhub>b ,select "y /ems4 ,wa% & cut #f-h #bd-cf into pieces1 us+ v %>p knife4 ,d n remove sk9s1 s ! rhub>b w reta9 p9k color4 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,,*apt] ,,xiv ,,h[ ,,to ,,dry ,,vegetables ,vegetable dry+ is a little m complicat$ ?an fruit dry+1 j z vegetable cann+ is m complicat$ ?an fruit cann+4 ,blan*+ is an important "p ( ! op]ation4 ,x makes vegetable dry+ satisfactory z well z easy & simple1 j z x makes vegetable cann+ possible4 ,h[ev]1 !re is "o diff]5ce betwe5 blan*+ vegetables = cann+ & blan*+ !m = dry+4 ,aft] repeat$ exp]im5ts x has be5 f\nd t = dry+ purposes x is be/ to blan* all vegetables 9 /eam r ?an 9 boil+ wat]4 ,9 vegetable cann+ we blan* almo/ all vegetables 9 boil+ wat]1 usually /eam+ only ! memb]s ( ! gre5 family4 ,s rememb] t = dry+ all vegetables are blan*$ 9 /eam4 ,to d ?is /eam+ y c use y\r ord9>y h\sehold /eam]1 su* z y use = /eam+ br[n breads & suet pudd+s1 or y c simply place a col&] ov] boil+ wat] 9 a kettle4 ,d n all[ ! col&] to t\* ! wat]4 ,if y are =tunate en\gh to possess a pressure cook]1 /eam ! vegetables = dry+ 9 x4 ,blan*+ is necess>y = _m reasons4 ,x removes ! /rong flavors1 objectionable to _m p4 ,beans1 cabbage1 turnips & onions h too /rong a flavor if dri$ )\t blan*+4 ,fur!rmore1 x />ts ! color to fl[+1 j z x does 9 cann+4 ,x removes ! /icky coat+ r\nd vegetables4 ,mo/ vegetables h a protective cov]+ to prev5t evaporation4 ,! removal ( ?is cov]+ by blan*+ facilitates dry+4 ,blan*+ also relaxes ! tissues1 drives out ! air & improves ! capill>y attraction1 & z a result ! dry+ is done 9 a mu* %ort] p]iod4 ,products dry less rapidly :5 ! texture is firm & ! tissue conta9s air4 ,blan*+ *ecks ! rip5+ processes4 ,! rip5+ process is de/roy$ by heat+ & ?is is to be desir$ = dry+ purposes4 ,blan*+ kills ! cells & ?us prev5ts ! hay-l flavor s (t5 notic$ 9 unblan*$ products4 ,x prev5ts *anges aft] dry+1 :i* o!rwise w occur unless ! wat] cont5t is r$uc$ to ab\t five p] c5t4 ,?or\gh blan*+ makes ! product absolutely sanit>y2 no insect eggs exi/ aft] blan*+ & cold-dipp+4 ,!re is "o precaution t mu/ be foll[$3 ,d n blan* too long4 ,blan*+ too long seems to break d[n ! cell /ructure1 s t ! product _c be re/or$ to its orig9al color1 %ape or size4 ,foll[ ! blan*+ "t-table = dry+ j z c>efully z y foll[ ! blan*+ "t-table = cann+4 ,aft] ! blan*+ comes ! cold-dip4 ,= ! b5efit ( new cann+ & dry+ en?usia/s1 let me expla9 t by cold-dip we mean plung+ ! product imm$iately into a pan ( v cold wat] or hold+ x "u ! cold-wat] faucet until ! product is ?or\ghly cool$4 ,d n let ! product /& 9 cold wat]1 z x w\ld !n lose m food value & absorb too mu* wat]4 ,y c cold-dip ! product )\t remov+ x f ! col&]1 /ra9] or /eam] 9 :i* x is /eam$4 ,plunge ! vessel conta9+ ! product into ! cold wat]4 ,! cold-dipp+ *ecks ! cook+1 sets ! color+ matt] :i* 0 />t$ to fl[+ 9 ! blan*+ process1 & x makes ! product mu* easi] to h&le4 ,let u n[ see j exactly :at we mu/ d :5 we want to dry sweet corn1 m ( :i* is dri$ ?an ( any o!r vegetable4 ,all o!r vegetables are dri$ 9 ! same way z is corn1 ! only diff]5ce be+ 9 ! l5g? ( ! blan*+ & dry+ p]iod4 ,all vegetables are prep>$ = dry+ j z !y are prep>$ = table use4 ,:5 dry+ corn select e>s t are "y & t5d]1 & if possible fre%ly ga!r$4 ,products = dry+ %\ld be 9 ! same p]fect condition z y h !m = table use4 ,if wilt$ & old x is n wor? :ile dry+ !m4 ,remove ! husks & ! silk1 & /eam--on ! cob--= fifte5 m9utes4 ,?is sets ! milk1 besides do+ _m o!r ?+s :i* blan*+ by /eam always does4 ,aft] ! /eam+1 cold-dip ! corn1 & !n cut x f ! cob1 us+ a v %>p & flexible knife4 ,cut ! gra9s f9e1 b only halfway d[n to ! cob2 scrape out ! rema9d] ( ! gra9s1 be+ c>eful n to scrape (f any ( ! *aff next to ! cob4 ,:5 field corn is us$1 ! good1 plump cook+ /age is ! prop] degree ( rip5ess = satisfactory dry+4 ,! corn %\ld be ?or\ghly dra9$ z ?is facilitates dry+4 ,y c easily remove all surface moi/ure by plac+ ! corn betwe5 two t[els & patt+ !m4 ,x is n[ ready = dry+4 ,! corn may be dri$ 9 ! sun1 b if s1 x is advisable fir/ to dry x 9 ! ov5 = t5 or fifte5 m9utes & !n f9i% ! dry+ 9 ! sun4 ,nev] attempt sun dry+ 9 moi/ wea!r4 ,! corn may be dri$ by artificial heat1 ei!r on top ( ! /ove or 9 ! ov51 us+ ei!r plates1 ov5-racks prop]ly cov]$1 or any comm]cial dry]4 ,"w quickly aft] ! blan*+ & cold-dipp+ & get ! corn heat$ z quickly z possible 9 ord] to prev5t s\r+4 ,y get flat-s\r (t5 :5 cann+ if y d n "w quickly en\gh1 & y w get s\r vegetables 9 dry+ if y "w too sl[ly4 ,:]e artificial heat is us$ beg9 at a l[] temp]ature & gradually increase x4 ,z ! corn is dry+1 /ir x f "t to "t & readju/ ! trays if necess>y4 ,aft] ! dry+ comes ! te/ to det]m9e :e!r or n ! corn is suffici5tly dry4 ,vegetables at ?is po9t diff] f fruits4 ,fruits are dri$ only until lea!ry1 :]eas vegetables are dri$ until !y are bone-dry4 ,!y mu/ crackle & snap4 ,?is te/ is sometimes us$ to see if ! product is suffici5tly dry3 ,put "s ( x 9 a cov]$ glass j> ) a crisp soda crack] & keep !m !re = a few h\rs4 ,if ! crack] loses its crispness & becomes s(t & damp !re is /ill too mu* moi/ure 9 ! product & x %\ld be dri$ a little long] to obta9 ! degree ( dryness requir$4 ,aft] ! corn is bone-dry x %\ld1 l all o!r vegetables & fruits1 be condition$4 ,?is means to p\r !m f "o bag or box to ano!r1 once a day = ?ree or f\r days4 ,?is enables y to notice any moi/ure t may be left 9 ! dri$ food4 ,foods t %[ any traces ( moi/ure %\ld be return$ to ! dry+ tray = a %ort "t4 ,notice ,lima beans p>ticul>ly1 z !y require a long] condition+ p]iod ?an mo/ vegetables4 ,aft] ! condition+1 9 ord] to kill all insects & de/roy all eggs1 x is advisable to place ! vegetables on trays & heat !m 9 an ov5 = half an h\r at a temp]ature ( #adj degrees ,fahr5heit4 ,/ore directly f ! ov54 ,dri$ vegetables are /or$ j z are dri$ fruits--9 cans1 crack$ j>s t _c be us$ = cann+1 fib] conta9]s1 *eeseclo?1 pap] bags or p>aff9 conta9]s4 ,9 /or+ y\r dri$ products keep 9 m9d ^! ?+s3 ,protection f moi/ure1 insects1 rats1 mice1 du/ & light4 ,if y obs]ve all ^! ?+s x is unnecess>y to h air-tight conta9]s4 ,all v>ieties ( /r+ beans c be dri$1 b only ^? fit = table use %\ld be us$4 ,old1 /r+y1 t\gh beans w rema9 ! same k9d ( beans :5 dri$4 ,!re are two ways ( prep>+ /r+1 wax or snap beans = dry+3 #a4 ,wa%2 remove /em1 tip & /r+4 ,cut or break into pieces "o-half to "o in* long2 blan* ?ree to t5 m9utes1 accord+ to age & fre%ness1 9 /eam2 cold-dip4 ,place on trays or dry]4 ,if y h a vegetable slic] x c be us$ = slic+ ! beans4 #b4 ,prep>e z above1 !n blan* ! :ole beans4 ,aft] cold-dipp+1 ?read !m on co>se1 /rong ?read1 mak+ long necklaces ( !m2 hang !m above ! /ove or out ( doors until dry4 ,lima beans %\ld be %ell$ f ! pod & !n blan*$ two to five m9utes if "y & t5d]4 ,if l>g] & m mature blan* five to t5 m9utes4 ,okra is blan*$ = ?ree m9utes4 ,if ! pods are "y & small1 dry !m :ole4 ,old] pods %\ld be cut into qu>t]-in* slices4 ,small t5d] pods are sometimes /rung on /\t ?read & hung up to dry4 ,pepp]s may be dri$ by splitt+ on "o side1 remov+ ! se$1 dry+ 9 ! air1 & f9i%+ ! dry+ 9 ! dry] at #acj degrees ,fahr5heit4 ,a m satisfactory me?od is to place pepp]s 9 a biscuit pan 9 ! ov5 & heat until ! sk9s bli/]2 or to /eam !m until ! sk9 s(t5s1 peel1 split 9 half1 take out se$1 & dry at #aaj to #acj degrees4 ,9 dry+ ?ick-fle%$ pepp]s l ! pim5to1 d n increase heat too quickly1 b dry sl[ly & ev5ly4 ,small v>ieties ( r$ pepp]s may be spread 9 ! sun until wilt$ & ! dry+ f9i%$ 9 ! dry]1 or !y may be dri$ entirely 9 ! sun4 ,pepp]s (t5 are dri$ :ole4 ,if l>ge !y c be /rung on ?read2 if small ! :ole plant c be hung up to dry4 ,%ell full-gr[n peas & blan* ?ree to five m9utes2 cold-dip & !n spread 9 a s+le lay] on trays to dry4 ,:5 dry+ ! v t5d] "y sug> peas1 use ! pod also4 ,wa% & cut 9 qu>t]-in* pieces4 ,blan* six m9utes1 cold-dip & remove surplus moi/ure be=e dry+4 ,:5 dry+ beets always select "y1 quickly gr[n1 t5d] beets4 ,/eam tw5ty to ?irty m9utes1 or until ! sk9 cracks4 ,dip 9 cold wat]1 peel & slice into "o-eigh? to "o-qu>t] in* slices4 ,!n dry4 ,c>rots hav+ a l>ge1 woody core %\ld n be dri$4 ,blan* six m9utes2 cold-dip4 ,c>rots are (t5 slic$ l5g?wise into pieces ab\t "o-eigh? in* ?ick4 ,p>snips1 kohl-rabi1 cel]iac & salsify are prep>$ 9 ! same way z are c>rots4 ,onions %\ld be held "u wat] :ile peel+ & slic+ to avoid sm>t+ ( ! eyes4 ,!y %\ld be slic$ into "o-eigh? to "o-qu>t] in* slices4 ,blan* five m9utes1 cold-dip1 remove sup]flu\s moi/ure & dry4 ,leeks are h&l$ z are onions4 ,select well-develop$ heads ( cabbage & remove all loose outside leaves4 ,split ! cabbage1 remove ! h>d1 woody core & slice ! rema9d] ( ! head ) a kraut slic] or cutt] or ) a l>ge1 %>p knife4 ,blan* five to t5 m9utes & cold-dip2 dry4 ,sp9a* & p>sley %\ld be c>efully wa%$4 ,/eam1 cold-dip & dry4 ,if ! sp9a* is slic$ ! dry+ w be greatly facilitat$4 ,beet tops1 ,swiss *>d & cel]y are prep>$ l sp9a*4 ,select s\nd1 well-matur$ ,iri% potatoes4 ,wa% & boil or /eam until ne>ly done4 ,peel & pass ?r\gh a meat gr9d] or a potato ric]4 ,collect ! %r$ 9 lay]s on a tray & dry until brittle4 ,if toa/$ slightly 9 an ov5 :5 dry1 ! flavor is improv$ some:at2 or boil or /eam until ne>ly done1 peel1 cut into qu>t]-in* slices1 spread on trays1 & dry until brittle4 ,peel+ may be omitt$1 b ! product w be v mu* inf]ior 9 flavor4 ,iri% potatoes _c be satisfactorily dri$ unless !y are fir/ cook$2 o!rwise !y w discolor4 ,all root vegetables mu/ be ?or\ghly clean$1 o!rwise an e>?y flavor may cl+ to !m4 ,"o decay$ root may s]i\sly affect sev]al pots ( vegetable s\p4 ,,g5]al ,,sugge/ions #a4 ,all vegetables %\ld be completely dri$ 9 f two to tw5ty-f\r h\rs4 #b4 ,mat]ials %\ld be turn$ or /irr$ sev]al times to secure a uni=m product4 #c4 ,if heat is us$ gu>d aga9/ scor*+4 ,! door is left op5 if an ov5 is us$2 ! temp]ature %\ld be ab\t #aaj degrees at ! beg9n+ & usually %\ld n exce$ #acj degrees4 ,onions1 /r+ beans & peas w yell[ at m ?an #adj degrees4 #d4 ,a !rmomet] is ess5tial to successful dry+ by artificial heat4 #e4 ,x is impossible to give def9ite l5g?s ( times = ! completion ( sun dry+1 z ?is v>ies n only ) diff]5t products b ) ! wea!r4 ,a sultry1 ra9y day is ! wor/ = dry+4 #f4 ,vegetables %\ld be /one dry4 #g4 ,succul5t vegetables & fruits conta9 f #hj to #ie p] c5t ( wat]1 & :5 dri$ suffici5tly /ill reta9 f #ae to #bj p] c5t2 s x is a good plan to weigh be=e & aft] dry+ z a *eck4 ,! product %\ld lose f two-?irds to f\r-fif?s ( its weight4 #h4 ,"w rapidly to prev5t s\r+ ( vegetables4 #i4 ,small vegetables1 mature beans & peas & small onions may be dri$ :ole4 ,l>g] vegetables %\ld be cut up s z to expose m surface = dry+4 #aj4 ,! slic+1 cutt+ & %r$d+ %\ld be done be=e blan*+1 ) ! exception ( corn1 :i* is cut f ! cob aft] blan*+4 ,,"t-,,table ,,= ,,dry+ ,,vegetables ,a ,,blan*+ ,,by ,,/eam1 ,,"t ,,on ,,m9utes ,b ,,artificial ,,heat ,,temp]ature #aaj ,,to #acj ,f4 ,,approximate ,,"t ,,9 ,,h\rs ,c ,,fan--,,no ,,heat ,,approximate ,,"t ,,9 ,,h\rs ,,product ,,prep>ation ,a ,b ,c ,,asp>agus ,wa% & cut into pieces #b to #d #d to #h #ab to #bd ,,beans1 ,,gre5 ,wa%2 remove /em1 tip ,,/r+ & /r+ #c to #aj #b to #c #bj to #bd ,,beans1 ,,wax ,wa%2 remove /em1 tip & /r+2 cut into pieces or dry :ole #c to #aj #b to #d #e to #h ,,beets ,leave sk9 on :ile #abj to #cj #b to #c #ab to #af /eam+ ,,brussels ,,spr\ts ,divide into small pieces #f #c to #e #ab to #af ,,cabbage ,remove all loose outside leaves2 split cabbage & remove woody core2 #e to #aj #c to #e #ab to #bd slice or %r$ ,,c>rots ,wa%2 slice l5g?wise into pieces #a_/h-;in* #f #b to #c #bj to #bd ?ick ,,caulifl[],clean2 divide into small bun*es #f #b to #c #ab to #af ,,cel]y ,wa% c>efully & remove leaves2 slice #c #c to #d #ab to #af ,,cel]iac ,clean2 p>e2 slice into #a_/h-;in* pieces #f #b to #c #bj to #bd ,,corn1 ,,sweet ,blan* on cob4 ,f #ab e>s ( corn y %\ld obta9 #a p\nd dri$ #ae #c to #d #b days corn ,,kohl-,,rabi ,clean2 p>e2 slice into #a_/h-;in* pieces #f #b to #c #h to #ab ,,leeks ,cut into -in* /rips #e #b to #c #h to #ab ,,lima ,,beans 7,,"y7 ,%ell #b to #e #c to #c #ab to #bj ,,lima ,,beans 7,,old7 ,%ell #e to #aj #c to #c #ab to #bj ,,mu%rooms ,wa%2 cut into pieces #e #c to #e #ab to #bd ,,okra ,dry "y pods :ole4 ,cut old pods 9 -in* #c #b to #c #ab to #bj slices ,,onions ,remove outside pap]y cov]+2 cut (f tops & roots2 slice ?9 #e #b to #c #ab to #ah ,,p>snips ,clean2 p>e2 cut into -in* slices #f #b to #c #bj to #bd ,,peas ,c be dri$ :ole or put ?r\gh gr9d] #c to #e #c #ab to #bj ,,pepp]s ,sk9 bli/]$ 9 ov51 /eam$ or sun-)]$ 44 #c to #d #bd ,,potatoes1 ,,iri% ,cook & rice !m 44 #b #e to #f ,,potatoes1 ,,iri% ,cook & slice !m -in* ?ick 44 #f #ab to #bj ,,potatoes1 ,,sweet ,cook & rice !m 44 #b #ab to #bj ,,potatoes1 ,,sweet ,cook & slice !m -in* ?ick 44 #f #ab to #bj ,,pumpk9s ,,& ,,squa% ,cut into #a_/c-;in* /rips2 peel2 remove #c #c to #d #af se$s ,,sp9a* ,wa% ?or\ghly2 c be slic$ #c #c #ab to #ah ,,salsify ,wa%2 cut into -in* #f #b to #c #bj to #bd slices ,,swiss ,,*>d,wa% ?or\ghly2 c be slic$ #c #c to #d #ab to #ah ,,tomatoes ,wa%2 slice aft] /eam+ to loos5 sk9 #b to #c #b to #c #ab to #af ,,turnips ,p>e & slice ?9 #e #b to #c #ab to #ah ---------------------------------------- ----------------------------- ,footnote #a3 ,till sk9 cracks4 ,9 a prop]ly con/ruct$ sun dri] vegetables w dry 9 f #c to #ab h\rs "u normal summ] conditions4 ,products dri$ 9 a sun dri] are sup]ior to ^? dri$ 9 ! op5 )\t any protection4 ,products dry m quickly 9 high altitudes ?an at sea level4 ,,*apt] ,,xv ,,e ,,/ep ,,9 ,,br9+ ,we h le>n$ h[ to pres]ve fruit & vegetables by cann+ & dry+ & n[ we are go+ to le>n ano!r me?od to pres]ve foods1 9 :i* salt is us$4 ,we use ?is salt me?od = vegetables4 ,x is n adapt$ to fruits4 ,we may pickle apples1 pe>s & pea*es1 b we f]m5t1 br9e & dry-salt only vegetables4 ,?is salt me?od is n a sub/itute = dry+ or cann+1 b j an additional me?od we may employ4 ,e ?rifty h\sewife ( to-day wants h] %elves ( cann$ foods1 h] boxes ( dri$ foods & h] crocks ( salt$ foods4 ,ea* k9d has its prop] function to p]=m 9 ! h\sehold4 ,"o _c take ! place ( ! o!r4 ,= wom5 on ! f>m salt+ is a salvation4 ,9 busy seasons :5 cann+ & dry+ seem an impossibility1 a great _m vegetables c be sav$ by ?is me?od 9 a v %ort "t4 ,! labor requir$ is v small1 z no cook+ is necess>y4 ,a good supply ( salt is ! "o necessity4 ,besides ! sav+ ( "t1 salt+ saves j>s1 :i* are absolutely necess>y 9 cann+4 ,old conta9]s c be us$ if !y are ?or\ghly cleans$4 ,! vegetables c be put 9 any conta9]1 s long z x holds wat] & is n made ( metal4 ,metal conta9]s %\ld n be us$4 ,old kegs1 butt] & l>d tubs if wat]-tight1 /onew>e j>s or crocks1 *ipp$ pres]ve j>s1 glass j>s ) miss+ cov]s & cov]$ enamel buckets c all be utiliz$4 ,avoid us+ tubs made ( pit* or s(t p9e unless coat$ ) melt$ p>aff91 z !y imp>t a flavor to ! vegetables4 ,maple is ! be/4 ,,?ree ,,me?ods ,,( ,,salt+ ,,food ,!re are ?ree ways ( pres]v+ food by salt+3 ,fir/1 f]m5tation ) dry salt+2 second1 f]m5tation 9 br9e or br9+2 & ?ird1 salt+ )\t f]m5tation1 or dry salt+4 ,dry ,salt+4 ,f]m5tation ) dry salt+ consi/s 9 pack+ ! mat]ial ) a small am\nt ( salt4 ,no wat] is us$1 = ! salt w extract ! wat] f ! vegetables & ?is =ms a br9e4 ,?is is ! simple/ process ( all ?ree & is us$ mo/ly = cabbage4 ,to make sau]kraut proce$ z foll[s3 ,! outside gre5 leaves ( ! cabbage %\ld be remov$1 j z 9 prep>+ ! head = boil+4 ,nev] use any decay$ or bruis$ leaves4 ,qu>t] ! heads & %r$ ! cabbage v f9ely4 ,!re are %r$d+ ma*9es on ! m>ket1 b if "o is n available use a slaw cutt] or a l>ge %>p knife4 ,aft] ! cabbage is %r$d$ pack at once into a clean b>rel1 keg or tub1 or into an e>!nw>e crock hold+ f\r or five gallons4 ,! small] conta9]s are recomm5d$ = h\sehold use4 ,:5 pack+ di/ribute ! salt z uni=mly z possible1 us+ "o p\nd ( salt to =ty p\nds ( cabbage4 ,spr9kle a little salt 9 ! conta9] & put 9 a lay] ( ?ree or f\r in*es ( %r$d$ cabbage1 !n pack d[n ) a wood5 ut5sil l a potato ma%]4 ,repeat ) salt1 cabbage & pack+ until ! conta9] is full or ! %r$d$ cabbage is all us$4 ,press ! cabbage d[n z tightly z possible & apply a clo?1 & !n a glaz$ plate or a bo>d cov] :i* w g inside ! hold]4 ,if us+ a wood5 cov] select wood free f pit*1 su* z basswood4 ,on top ( ?is cov] place /one1 bricks or o!r weights--use fl9t or granite2 avoid ! use ( lime/one1 s&/one or m>ble4 ,^! weights s]ve to keep vegetables b5ea? ! surface ( ! liquid4 ,! proportion ( salt to food :5 f]m5t+ ) dry salt is a qu>t] p\nd ( salt to t5 p\nds ( food4 ,d n use m1 = ! product w ta/e too salty4 ,all[ f]m5tation to proce$ = t5 days or two weeks1 if ! room is w>m4 ,9 a cell> or o!r cool place ?ree to five weeks may be requir$4 ,skim (f ! film :i* =ms :5 f]m5tation />ts & repeat ?is daily if necess>y to keep ?is film f becom+ a scum4 ,:5 gas bubbles cease to rise :5 y /rike ! side ( ! conta9]1 f]m5tation is complete4 ,if !re is a scum x %\ld be remov$4 ,z a f9al /ep p\r v hot melt$ p>aff9 ov] ! br9e until x =ms a lay] f a qu>t] to a half-in* ?ick1 to prev5t ! =mation ( ! scum :i* occurs if ! wea!r is w>m or ! /orage place is n well cool$4 ,! cabbage may be us$ z soon z ! bubbles cease to rise4 ,if scum =ms & rema9s ! cabbage w spoil4 ,y may c ! cabbage z soon z bubbles cease to rise & f]m5tation is complete4 ,to c1 fill j>s1 adju/ rubb]s & p>tly seal4 ,/]ilize #abj m9utes 9 hot-wat] ba?1 or #fj m9utes 9 /eam-pressure outfit at five to t5 p\nds pressure4 ,! vital factor 9 pres]v+ ! mat]ial by ?is me?od is ! lactic acid :i* develops 9 f]m5tation4 ,if ! vegetables are cov]$ ) a v /rong br9e or are pack$ ) a fairly l>ge am\nt ( salt1 lactic acid f]m5tation & also ! gr[? ( o!r =ms ( bact]ia & molds are prev5t$4 ,?is me?od ( pres]vation is especially applicable to ^? vegetables :i* conta9 s little sug> t suffici5t lactic acid _c be =m$ by bact]ial action to insure _! pres]vation4 ,9 ! well-kn[n me?od ( v9eg> pickl+ ! acetic acid ( ! v9eg> acts z a pres]vative l ! lactic acid produc$ by f]m5tation4 ,sometimes br9+ prec$es pickl+ 9 v9eg>1 & (t5 ! pickl+ is modifi$ by ! addition ( sug> & spices1 :i* add flavor z well z help+ to pres]ve ! fruit or vegetables4 ,9 "s cases olive oil or "s o!r table oil is add$ to ! v9eg>1 z 9 ! mak+ ( oil cucumb] pickles4 ,besides sau]kraut1 /r+ beans1 beet tops1 turnip tops1 gre5s1 kale & d&elions are adapt$ = f]m5tation ) dry salt+4 ,/r+ beans %\ld be "y1 t5d] & n ov]gr[n4 ,remove ! tip ends & /r+s2 cut or break into pieces ab\t two in*es long4 ,wa% ! beet & turnip tops z well z all gre5s1 9 ord] to remove dirt & grit4 ,weigh all products t are to be salt$4 ,= salt+1 a supply ( ord9>y f9e salt1 :i* c be pur*as$ 9 bulk = ab\t two c5ts a p\nd1 is mo/ satisfactory = g5]al use4 ,table salt w d v well1 b x is r exp5sive if l>ge quantities ( vegetables are to be pres]v$4 ,! r co>se salt--kn[n 9 ! trade z gr\nd alum salt--:i* is us$ 9 freez+ ice cream c be us$4 ,rock salt because ( its co>s5ess & impurities %\ld n be us$4 ,a weight mu/ be us$4 ,! size ( ! weight dep5ds on ! quantity ( mat]ial be+ pres]v$4 ,= a five-gallon keg a weight ( t5 p\nds w be suffici5t1 b if a l>g] b>rel is us$ a heavi] weight w be ne$$4 ,! weight %\ld be suffici5t to extract ! juices to =m a br9e1 :i* w cov] ! top 9 ab\t tw5ty-f\r h\rs4 ,if a br9e does n =m x may be necess>y to add m /ones aft] ! mat]ial has /ood a :ile4 ,!re always w be m or less bubbl+ & foam+ ( ! br9e dur+ ! fir/ /ages ( f]m5tation4 ,aft] ?is ceases a ?9 film w appe> :i* w rapidly spread ov] ! :ole surface & quickly develop into a heavy1 fold$ membrane4 ,?is scum is a gr[? ( yea/-l organisms :i* fe$ ^u ! acid =m$ by f]m5tation4 ,if all[$ to gr[ undi/urb$ x w ev5tually de/roy all ! acid & ! f]m5t$ mat]ial w spoil4 ,to prev5t mold f =m+ x is necess>y to exclude ! air f ! surface ( ! br9e4 ,p]haps ! be/ me?od is to cov] ! surface--ov] ! bo>d & r\nd ! weight--) v hot1 melt$ p>aff94 ,if ! p>aff9 is hot en\gh to make ! br9e boil :5 p\r$ 91 ! p>aff9 w =m a smoo?1 ev5 lay] be=e h>d5+4 ,^u solidify+1 x =ms an air-tight seal4 ,oils1 su* z cottonse$ oil or ! ta/eless liquid petroleum1 may also be us$ = ?is purpose4 ,z a measure ( safety ) crocks1 x is advisable to cov] ! top ) a clo? soak$ 9 melt$ p>aff94 ,put ! cov] 9 place be=e ! p>aff9 h>d5s4 ,aft] seal+ ) p>aff9 ! conta9]s %\ld be set :]e !y w n be di/urb$ until ! cont5ts are to be us$4 ,any attempt to remove !m f "o place to ano!r may break ! p>aff9 seal & necessitate reseal+4 ,"s vegetables :i* d n conta9 suffici5t wat] are bett] f]m5t$ by cov]+ !m ) a weak br9e4 ,^? :i* are ! mo/ satisfactory :5 f]m5t$ 9 ?is way are cucumb]s1 /r+ beans1 gre5 tomatoes1 beets1 beet tops1 turnip tops1 corn & gre5 peas4 ,! g5]al directions = ?is br9+ are z foll[s3 ,wa% ! vegetables1 dra9 (f ! surplus wat] & pack !m 9 a keg1 crock1 or o!r ut5sil until x is ne>ly full--)9 ab\t ?ree in*es ( ! top ( ! vessel4 ,prep>e a weak br9e z foll[s3 ,to ea* gallon ( wat] us$ add "o-half p9t ( v9eg> & ?ree-f\r?s ( a cup ( salt & /ir until ! salt is entirely dissolv$4 ,! v9eg> is us$ prim>ily to keep d[n ! gr[? ( injuri\s bact]ia until ! lactic-acid f]m5t />ts1 b x also adds to ! flavor4 ,spices may be add$ if desir$4 ,! am\nt ( br9e necess>y to cov] ! vegetables w be equal to ab\t "o-half ! volume ( ! mat]ial to be f]m5t$4 ,= example1 if a five-gallon keg is to be pack$1 two & "o-half gallons w be ne$$4 ,x is be/ to make up at "o "t all ! br9e ne$$ on "o day4 ,a clean tub or b>rel c be us$ = mix+ ! br9e4 ,p\r ! br9e ov] ! vegetables & cov]4 ,set ! vessel & its cont5ts away 9 a mod]ately w>m room to f]m5t4 ,:5 f]m5tation ceases1 ! conta9] %\ld be plac$ 9 a cool cell> or /or]oom & ! surface ( ! liquid treat$ to prev5t mold4 ,be=e add+ ! p>aff9 or cottonse$ oil1 any scum or mold :i* may h =m$ on ! surface ( ! liquid %\ld be remov$ by skimm+4 ,^! g5]al directions c always be foll[$ ) successful results1 b "s modifications are desirable = c]ta9 vegetables4 ,cucumb]s--,dill ,/yle4 ,to pickle cucumb]s wa% ! cucumb]s & pack into a clean1 wat]-tight b>rel1 keg or crock4 ,on ! bottom ( ! b>rel place a lay] ( dill we$ & a h&ful ( mix$ spice4 ,add ano!r lay] ( dill & ano!r h&ful ( spice :5 ! b>rel is half full1 & :5 almo/ full1 add a ?ird lay]4 ,if a keg or crock is us$1 ! am\nt ( dill & spice c be r$uc$ 9 proportion to ! size ( ! receptacle4 ,:5 ! conta9] has be5 fill$ to )9 a few in*es ( ! top1 add a lay] ( cov]+ mat]ial--beet leaves or grape leaves--ab\t an in* ?ick4 ,if any spoilage %\ld occur on ! surface1 ?is lay] w protect ! vegetables b5ea?4 ,press d[n ) a clean bo>d weight$ ) bricks or /one4 ,make ! br9e z giv5 9 ! g5]al rules4 ,add suffici5t br9e to cov] ! mat]ial & all[ x to /& tw5ty-f\r h\rs4 ,!n make air-tight4 ,! "t necess>y = complete f]m5tation to occur dep5ds ^u ! temp]ature4 ,9 a w>m place five days to a week may suffice2 9 a cool cell> ?ree to f\r weeks4 ,! dill & spices may be omitt$1 9 :i* case we !n h pla9 cucumb]s4 ,/r+ ,beans4 ,remove ! ends & /r+s f ! beans & cut into pieces ab\t two in*es long2 pack 9 ! conta9]2 cov] ) br9e & f]m5t4 ,gre5 ,tomatoes4 ,gre5 tomatoes %\ld be pack$ :ole & prep>$ z cucumb]s4 ,! dill & spice may be add$ if desir$4 ,beets4 ,beets mu/ be scrubb$ ?or\ghly & pack$ :ole4 ,if peel$ or slic$ be=e be+ f]m5t$ ! beets lose consid]able color & flavor4 ,beet ,tops & ,turnip ,tops4 ,^! %\ld be wa%$ ?or\ghly & pack$ into ! conta9] )\t be+ cut up4 ,peas4 ,gre5 peas %\ld be %ell$ & pack$ 9 ! same way z /r+ beans4 ,x is advisable to use fairly small conta9]s = peas1 s t ! quantity op5$ up w be us$ be=e x has a *ance to spoil4 ,corn4 ,husk & clean ! silk f ! corn2 wa% & place ! e>s on end 9 ! j>1 pack+ ! j> ne>ly full4 ,p\r ! br9e ov] ! e>s2 add cov] & weights4 ,f]m5t$ corn has a s\r ta/e1 :i* may n be reli%$ if ! corn is eat5 alone4 ,= ?is reason x w be pref]able 9 mo/ cases to pres]ve corn by cann+1 dry+ or by salt+ )\t f]m5tation4 ,f]m5t$ corn1 h[ev]1 may be us$ 9 ! prep>ation ( "s di%es1 su* z *[d]s1 omelets1 & s =?1 :]e its flavor w be mask$ to "s ext5t by ! o!r +r$i5ts4 ,to "s p ?is peculi> acid ta/e ( f]m5t$ corn is n at all objectionable4 ,salt+ ,)\t ,f]m5tation4 ,9 ?is me?od ! vegetables are pack$ ) en\gh salt to prev5t f]m5tation or ! gr[? ( yea/s or molds4 ,! vegetables pres]v$ mo/ satisfactorily by ?is me?od are d&elions1 beet tops1 turnip tops1 sp9a*1 kale1 *>d1 cabbage1 caulifl[]1 /r+ beans1 gre5 peas & corn4 ,! foll[+ directions %\ld be foll[$3 ,! vegetables %\ld be wa%$1 dra9$ & weigh$4 ,! am\nt ( salt ne$$ w be a qu>t] ( ! weight ( ! vegetables4 ,kegs or crocks make satisfactory conta9]s4 ,put a lay] ( vegetables ab\t an in* ?ick on ! bottom ( ! conta9]4 ,cov] ?is ) salt4 ,cont9ue mak+ alt]nate lay]s ( vegetables & salt until ! conta9] is almo/ fill$4 ,! salt %\ld be ev5ly di/ribut$ s t x w n be necess>y to use m salt ?an ! quantity requir$ 9 proportion to ! weights ( ! vegetables t are us$4 ,cov] ! surface ) a clo?1 & a bo>d ( glaz$ plate4 ,place a weight on ^! & set aside 9 a cool place4 ,if suffici5t liquor to cov] ! vegetables has n be5 extract$ p\r 9 en\gh /rong br9e--"o p\nd ( salt to two qu>ts ( wat]--to cov] ! surface r\nd ! corn]4 ,! top lay] ( vegetables %\ld be kept "u ! br9e to prev5t mold+4 ,!re w be "s bubbl+ at fir/4 ,z soon z ?is /ops1 set ! conta9] :]e x w n be di/urb$ until ready = use4 ,seal by p\r+ v hot p>aff9 ov] ! surface4 ,/r+ beans %\ld be cut 9 two-in* pieces4 ,peas %\ld be %ell$4 ,cabbage %\ld be %r$d$ 9 ! same way z = sau]kraut4 ,corn1 h[ev]1 requires some:at diff]5t treatm5t1 & ! directions = salt+ x are z foll[s3 ,salt$ ,corn4 ,husk ! e>s ( corn & remove ! silk4 ,cook 9 boil+ wat] = ab\t t5 m9utes to set ! milk4 ,cut (f ! corn f ! cob ) a %>p knife4 ,weigh ! corn & pack 9 lay]s ) a qu>t] its weight ( f9e salt1 z describ$ above4 ,"s exp]ts insi/ on blan*+ & cold-dipp+ all vegetables = dry-salt+ )\t f]m5tation4 ,!y say t1 ?\gh x is n necess>y1 x makes ! tissues s(t] & consequ5tly !y are m easily p5etrat$ by ! salt4 ,fur!rmore1 :5 prep>+ ^! products = ! table ! salt soaks out m readily & ! products cook mu* m quickly if !y h be5 blan*$4 ,s :]e !re is "t x seems advisable to blan* = five m9utes = dry-salt+4 ,if prop]ly prep>$ & /or$1 f]m5t$1 br9$ & dry-salt$ products w keep = a long "t4 ,x is absolutely necess>y to prev5t mold f gr[+ on ! surface ( ! br9e ( f]m5t$ vegetables1 by ! addition ( p>aff9 or 9 "s o!r way4 ,protection ( ! surface ( dry-salt$ vegetables is desirable1 b n necess>y if ! conta9]s are cov]$ to prev5t ! evaporation ( ! br9e4 ,mo/ tr\ble ) ! f]m5t$ or salt$ products may be trac$ to c>elessness 9 protect+ ! surface ( ! br9e4 ,,po9ts ,,to ,,rememb] ,^! are ! special ?+s to rememb] ab\t f]m5tation1 br9+ & dry-salt+3 #a4 ,= f]m5tation1 su* z 9 mak+ sau]kraut1 use a qu>t] p\nd ( salt to t5 p\nds ( food mat]ial4 ,= e #ajj p\nds ( food add two & a half p\nds ( salt4 #b4 ,= br9+ use ?ree-qu>t]s ( a cupful ( salt & "o cupful ( v9eg> to ea* gallon ( wat]4 #c4 ,= dry-salt+ use "o p\nd ( salt to f\r p\nds ( food4 #d4 ,d n use v9eg>1 pickle or pork b>rels z conta9]s = salt$ foods unless !y are v ?or\ghly scald$4 #e4 ,?or\ghly scald all conta9]s1 cov]s1 weights & clo?s be=e us+4 #f4 ,if us+ glass j>s put a cork inside to press ! food d[n4 ,if :ite vasel9e is rubb$ on ! rubb] r+s ! solution w n get ?r\gh rubb] & be lo/4 #g4 ,aft] add+ salt or br9e = f]m5t$ foods1 cov] ! food mat]ial ) a piece ( musl9 or *eeseclo? six in*es l>g] 9 diamet] ?an ! diamet] ( ! conta9]4 ,tuck ?is 9 r\nd ! top ( ! food1 cov] ) weight & adju/ lid ( conta9]4 #h4 ,dur+ f]m5tation keep ! cov] on loosely until all bubbles cease4 ,te/ by slightly knock+ conta9] to see if any bubbles appe> on ! surface4 #i4 ,:5 y h made ?is te/ & discov]$ t ! bubbl+ has ceas$1 !n x is "t to protect ! food f all organisms :i* de/roy lactic acid4 #aj4 ,to protect ! food cov] ) hot melt$ p>aff9 or liquid oil4 #aa4 ,if evaporation takes place1 add wat] or br9e to make up ! orig9al am\nt ( wat]4 #ab4 ,:5 dry seal+ is us$ let ! product /& tw5ty-f\r to ?irty-six h\rs1 !n add /rong br9e to fill ! conta9]s4 ,! wat] f ! vegetables usually only half fills ! conta9]s4 ,,table ,,= ,,pres]vation ,,( ,,vegetables ,,by ,,salt ,,me?ods ,,vegetables ,,adapt$ ,,am\nt ,,( ,,salt ,,o!r ,,to ,,me?od ,,+r$i5ts ,,ne$$ ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,i4 ,dry ,cabbage1 :i* is -lb4 salt to #aj ,no o!r4 salt+ ) conv]t$ by ?is lbs4 food or #b f]m5tation4 me?od into lbs4 salt to #ajj sau]kraut1 /r+ lbs4 food4 beans1 beet tops1 turnip tops1 gre5s1 kale & d&elions4 ,,ii4 ,cucumb]s1 /r+ -cup salt1 #a ,dill & spices ,f]m5tation beans1 gre5 gallon wat]1 #a c be add$4 #a ) br9e4 tomatoes1 beets1 cup v9eg> = lb4 dry dill or beet tops1 corn br9e4 ,am\nt ( #b lbs4 gre5 & gre5 peas4 br9e requir$ is dill & #a oz4 equal to volume spices = a ( food4 #d-;gallon crock4 ,,iii4 ,dry ,d&elions1 beet #be lbs4 salt to ,blan* & salt+ tops1 turnip tops1#ajj lbs4 ( food4 cold-dip )\t sp9a*1 kale1 ,salt %\ld be vegetables = f]m5tation4 *>d1 cabbage1 weight ( five m9utes caulifl[]1 vegetable4 be=e dry /r+ beans1 salt+4 gre5 peas1 & corn4 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,,*apt] ,,xvi ,,cur+1 ,,smok+ ,,& ,,pres]v+ ,,meat ,_m f>m]s seem to h m tr\ble ) ! cur+ ( meats ?an ) ! slaught]+4 ,?is "p ( ! "w is inde$ v important z x det]m9es :e!r "o w h good ta/+ cur$ meat or meat t is too salty or possibly t is f> remov$ f ! orig9al ta/e ( ! raw product4 ,x is wor? e f>m] or f>m]ette's att5tion to sp5d "s "t on ?is problem z x pays s well 9 ! result+1 good ta/+ meat4 ,:y n h a sup]ior grade ( home-cur$ meat z easily z a poor grade8 ,"w c>efully & accurately done w produce good results :ile "w slov5ly or c>elessly done c produce no?+ b poor results4 ,to cure meat s t x is n only delici\s b has good keep+ qualities is an art & accompli%m5t wor? /riv+ =4 ,a pride 9 ?is "w is j z f9e & wor? :ile z ! h\sewife's pride 9 h] cul9>y skill or ! pride ( any o!r pr(essional 9 8 or h] l9e ( "w4 ,to-day we are ?9k+ ( food & its problems z nev] be=e & x behooves u all to put m "t1 ?\ght1 c>e & skill on all ?+s t p]ta9 to foods4 ,& z meat is su* an ess5tial item 9 our diet1 meat problems %\ld receive _! due att5tion4 ,all meat t is to be cur$ %\ld always be ?or\ghly cool$ & cut into ! desir$ conv5i5t sizes be=e x is put into ! br9e or pack$ 9 dry salt4 ,! pieces mo/ commonly us$ = cur+ are ! ham1 %\ld] & bacon pieces f pork4 ,f beef we use ! *eap]1 t\gh] cuts su* z ! plate1 %\ld] & *uck ribs4 ,mutton is seldom cur$ & pres]v$4 ,! ham %\ld be cut (f at ! hock jo9t1 ! sp>e ribs tak5 out ( ! bacon1 & ! ragg$ edges trimm$ (f smoo?4 ,if ragg$ edges or scraggy ends are left ^! portions w become too dry 9 ! cur+ & w practically be wa/$4 ,aft] all ! animal heat is remov$ f ! meat & x is prop]ly cut x is !n ready = ! cur+4 ,if salt is put on ! meat be=e ! animal heat is all remov$1 x w h a t5d5cy to %r9k ! muscles & =m a coat+ on ! outside :i* w n all[ ! g5]at+ gases to escape4 ,meat %\ld nev] be 9 a froz5 condition :5 ! salt is add$ z ! fro/ w prev5t ! prop] p5etration ( ! br9e & unev5 cur+ w be ! result4 ,,me?ods ,,( ,,cur+ ,,meat ,! two mo/ common me?ods ( cur+ meat are fir/ ! br9e or sug> cure process & second ! dry-cur+ process4 ,= g5]al f>m use ! br9e cur$ process is ! bett]4 ,x requires less "t1 less ef=t & n su* an exact+ place = ! "w4 ,on mo/ f>ms x is impossible to secure a desirable place 9 :i* to d ! dry-cur+ z ! meat is expos$ to rats1 cats1 flies & o!r insects4 ,! dry-cur+ requires consid]able "t to rub & salt ! meat at diff]5t times :ile ! only att5tion t is necess>y = br9e-cur+ is to prop]ly prep>e & pack ! meat 9 ! vessel & prep>e ! br9e = x4 ,,ut5sils ,,= ,,cur+ ,if possible use a r\nd conta9] = ! cur+4 ,x is easi] to put ! meat 9 tightly1 & ! space c be us$ to bett] advantage4 ,a h>dwood b>rel ( "s k9d is excell5t4 ,sirup1 molasses or l>d b>rels :i* h be5 ?or\ghly clean$ are v satisfactory4 ,if y use a v9eg> or an oil b>rel x %\ld be well burn$ on ! inside be=e us+4 ,/one crocks or j>s are sometimes us$ b !y are exp5sive & cumb]some to h&le besides ! con/ant dang] ( loss ( br9e f breakage4 ,,pres]vatives ,= cur+ ! meat ! f>m] usually uses salt1 salt pet]1 :ite or br[n sug> or molasses4 ,^! are ! necess>y pres]vatives4 ,! o!rs su* z boracic acid1 borax & soda are (t5 us$ = sweet5+ ! br9e & to keep x f spoil+ b are n absolutely ess5tial4 ,! salt extracts moi/ure & acts z a pres]vative4 ,! sug> or molasses imp>ts a nice flavor & has a t5d5cy to keep ! muscle tissue s(t 9 contra/ to ! salt1 :i* has a t5d5cy to make x h>d & dry4 ,s ! salt & sug> h two di/9ct functions to p]=m1 ! "o to h>d5 & pres]ve1 ! o!r to s(t5 & sweet54 ,if y h a favorite recipe t has prov$ satisfactory & y want to use sorghum or molasses in/ead ( sug> add "o p\nd m ( ! molasses4 ,if y h be5 accu/om$ to us+ #b p\nds ( sug> !n use #c p\nds ( ! o!r sweet5+4 ,salt pet] is n absolutely necess>y z f> z ! pres]v+ is conc]n$ b x helps to hold ! r$ color ( ! lean meat4 ,if salt pet] is n us$ ! lean meat w be gray 9 color4 ,x may possibly be a little t5d]] if ! salt pet] is n us$ z ! salt pet] t5ds to h>d5 ! meat4 ,*ili salt pet] c be sub/itut$ 9 place ( salt pet]1 if only f\r-fif?s z mu* is us$4 ,,! ,,sug> ,,br9e ,,cure ,all =mulas = ! sug> br9e cure are practically ! same v>y+ only a little 9 ! proportions ( sug>1 salt & salt pet]4 ,if y h a =mula t y h tri$ = ye>s & h f\nd x to be satisfactory !re is no reason y %\ld attempt a new "o4 ,b = ^? :o want to try a diff]5t =mula or recipe ,i w give y ?is reliable "o t is widely us$ & indors$ by sev]al agricultural colleges4 ,! conta9] %\ld be scald$ ?or\ghly4 ,spr9kle a lay] ( salt ov] ! bottom & ov] ea* lay] ( meat z x is pack$ 91 sk9 d[n4 ,:5 full1 cov] meat ) bo>ds & weight d[n ) a /one s t all w be bel[ ! br9e1 :i* is made z foll[s3 ,weigh out = ea* #ajj p\nds ( meat1 #h p\nds ( salt1 #b p\nds ( sug> 7pref]ably br[n7 or #c p\nds ( molasses1 & #b ounces ( salt pet]4 ,dissolve all 9 #d gallons ( wat]4 ,?is %\ld be boil$1 & :5 ?or\ghly cool$1 cov] ! meat4 ,sev5 days aft] br9e is put on1 meat %\ld be repack$ 9 ano!r b>rel 9 rev]se ord]4 ,! pieces t 7 on top %\ld be plac$ on ! bottom4 ,! br9e is p\r$ ov] z be=e4 ,?is is repeat$ on ! f\rte5? & tw5ty-fir/ days1 ?us giv+ an ev5 cure to all pieces4 ,bacon %\ld rema9 9 ! br9e f f\r to six weeks1 & hams six to eight weeks1 dep5d+ on ! size ( ! pieces4 ,:5 cur$1 ea* piece %\ld be scrubb$ ) tepid wat] & hung to dra9 sev]al days be=e smok+2 no two pieces %\ld come 9 contact4 ,= all cur+ always use dairy salt & n table salt1 z ! latt] conta9s />* to keep x dry & ?is />* may cause ! meat to spoil4 ,if y c>efully foll[ ^! directions y w h delici\s sug>-cur$ hams & bacon4 ,,corn$ ,,beef ,x is desirable to h an ample supply ( corn$ beef on h&4 ,= ?is any "p ( ! beef may be us$ b ! p>ts usually select$ are ! plate1 rump1 cross-ribs & brisket1 :i* are ! t\gh] cuts ( ! meat4 ,! brisket & plate are especially good because ( ! "* ( ! fat1 :i* is some:at l a tissue4 ,cut all ar\nd ! meat to ab\t ! same ?ickness1 s t x w make an ev5 lay] 9 ! b>rel4 ,x is be/ to remove ! bone1 al?\gh ?is is n necess>y4 ,be sure to />t ! pickl+ or cur+ :ile ! meat is p]fectly fre%1 b well *ill$4 ,d n wait l "s f>m]s d until !y ?9k ! meat is beg9n+ to spoil & !n salt x d[n j to save x4 ,all[ t5 p\nds ( dairy salt to ea* #ajj p\nds ( meat4 ,spr9kle a lay] ( ! salt 9 ! bottom ( ! crock1 b>rel1 or :atev] conta9] is us$4 ,h ! salt ab\t "o-f\r? ( an in* 9 dep?4 ,aft] ! lay] is 9 ! bottom ( ! conta9] put ! cuts ( meat 9 z closely z possible1 mak+ ! lay] five or six in*es 9 ?ickness1 !n put on ano!r lay] ( salt1 foll[+ t ) ano!r lay] ( meat4 ,repeat until ! meat & salt h all be5 pack$ 9 ! b>rel1 c>e be+ tak5 to res]ve salt en\gh = a good lay] on ! top4 ,cov] ! meat ) a bo>d & weight d[n ) a /one & n an iron weight4 ,d n all[ any meat to project f ! salt or mold w />t & ! br9e w spoil 9 a %ort "t4 ,let ! meat /& ov]-night4 ,prep>e a br9e by boil+ #g p\nds salt1 #c p\nds br[n sug> or #f p\nds molasses1 #b ounces bak+ soda1 #b ounces salt pet] & #d gallons wat] = e #ajj p\nds ( meat4 ,?is quantity ( br9e %\ld be suffici5t to cov] t am\nt4 ,remove any scum t rises to ! surface & filt] ! hot br9e ?r\gh musl94 ,set ! br9e aside1 be/ ov]-night1 to become p]fectly cold be=e us+4 ,9 ! morn+ tip ! conta9] 9 :i* ! meat is pack$ s t all liquor :i* has sep>at$ f ! meat ov] night may dra9 (f4 ,cov] ! meat ) ! cold br9e4 ,put ! conta9] 9 a cool place4 ,! cur+ w be m satisfactory if ! meat is left at a temp]ature ( ab\t #ch degrees ,f4 ,nev] let ! temp]ature g above #ej degrees ,f4 & !re is "s risk ) ev5 a temp]ature ( #dj degrees ,f4 if x is cont9u\s4 ,! sug> or molasses 9 ! br9e has a t5d5cy to f]m5t 9 a w>m place4 ,aft] ab\t five days ! meat %\ld be ov]haul$ & repack$1 putt+ ! pieces :i* 7 previ\sly on ! bottom on top4 ,p\r back ! same br9e1 & five days lat] repeat ! ov]haul+4 ,?is may seem l "s tr\ble & possibly look l a useless wa/e ( "t b x is well wor? :ile z x insures a m rapid & uni=m cur+ ( ! meat4 ,:5 unpack+ ! meat wat* ! br9e to see t x is n ropy or moldy4 ,if y f9d ei!r condition exi/+ remove ! meat & r9se ea* piece ) cold wat] & aft] scald+ ! conta9] pack ! meat z at fir/ ) a little salt4 ,scald & skim ! br9e & aft] x is cold p\r x on ! meat z be=e4 ,y c use corn$ beef if necess>y aft] a week 9 ! cure1 b x is n ?or\ghly cur$ until x has be5 f #bj to #cj days 9 ! br9e4 ,if kept = sixty days x w be salty en\gh to ne$ fre%5+ be=e cook+4 ,if ! meat has be5 corn$ dur+ ! w9t]1 & is to be kept until summ]1 wat* ! br9e closely dur+ ! spr+ z x is m likely to spoil !n ?an at any o!r "t4 ,,pla9 ,,salt ,,pork ,rub ea* piece ( meat ) dairy salt1 & pack closely 9 a conta9]4 ,let /& ov]-night4 ,! next day weigh out t5 p\nds ( salt & two ounces ( salt pet] = ea* #ajj p\nds ( meat1 & dissolve 9 f\r gallons ( boil+ wat]4 ,p\r ?is br9e1 :5 cold1 ov] ! meat1 cov]1 & weight ! meat d[n to keep x "u ! br9e4 ,! pork %\ld be kept 9 ! br9e until us$4 ,,smok+ ,,cur$ ,,meats ,( c\rse _m f>m]s nev] attempt to smoke _! cur$ meats b use !m directly f ! br9e b if possible x is m satisfactory to smoke !m be=e us+ = sev]al reasons4 ,fir/1 ! process ( smok+ helps to pres]ve ! meat4 ,! creosote =m$ by ! combu/ion ( ! wood closes ! pores ( ! meat to a great ext5t ?us exclud+ ! air & help+ x to keep & at ! same "t makes ! meat objectionable to insects4 ,9 ! second place1 pickl$ or cur$ meats ta/e bett] & are m palatable if smok$4 ,( c\rse ! smok+ mu/ be prop]ly done & ! "r k9d ( fuel mu/ be us$4 ,! ,smokeh\se & ! ,smoke4 ,x is n necess>y to h a regul> smokeh\se--al?\gh x is a delightful addition to any f>m4 ,"h aga9 a community meat r+ is ( great advantage4 ,"o smokeh\se w answ] = _m families4 ,?is is ! ideal arrangem5t & x c easily be manag$ if y are progressive & anxi\s en\gh to supply y\r family ) delici\s meat ! ye> ar\nd sav+ "t & money4 ,if1 h[ev]1 y h to d y\r own smok+ & smoke only a small quantity at a "t a b>rel or box w answ]4 ,ov]heat+ ( ! meat mu/ be gu>d$ aga9/4 ,gre5 hickory or any ( ! h>dwoods or maple %\ld be us$ = ! smok+4 ,p9e or any o!r res9\s woods %\ld n be us$ z !y give a disagreeable flavor to ! meat4 ,if x is impossible to get h>dwood use corncobs r ?an s(t wood4 ,! corncobs w leave a dirty deposit on ! meat1 :i* is c>bon4 ,x is n objectionable only f ! /&po9t ( looks4 ,! meat :i* y are go+ to smoke %\ld be remov$ f ! br9e ! day be=e ! smok+4 ,a half h\r soak+ 9 cold wat] prev5ts a cru/ ( salt f =m+ on ! outside4 ,d n hang ! meat s t any two pieces t\* z ?is w\ld prev5t uni=m smok+4 ,always />t ) a sl[ fire s z to w>m ! meat up gradually4 ,?irty-six to =ty-eight h\rs ( heat z ne> #abj degrees ,f4 z possible w be suffici5t "u mo/ circum/ances4 ,h[ to ,/ore ,smok$ ,meats4 ,a dry1 cool cell> or attic :]e !re is good circulation is a good place = /orage4 ,if ! meat is to be us$ soon ! meat c hang )\t cov]+s b = long keep+ y w h to wrap x :5 cold 9 wax$ pap] & !n 9 burlap1 musl9 or canvas bags & !n hang x1 aft] x is ti$ v tightly to prev5t insects f gett+ 91 9 a room ) a cool uni=m temp]ature4 ,"s f>m]s get satisfactory results by wrapp+ ! meats 9 /rong bags & !n bury+ !m 9 oat b9s4 ,,sausage ,frequ5tly :5 animals are but*]$ on ! f>m !re are (t5 :olesome portions ( ! c>cass t are n us$4 ,all trimm+s1 *eeks1 liv]1 tongue1 brea/ & o!r pieces c be made into bologna1 head*eese or "s o!r =m ( sausage4 ,sausage mak+ is an art wor? acquir+4 ,!re is always a good dem& = fre% & smok$ c\ntry sausage1 s if y wi% to sell "s y w h no tr\ble 9 f9d+ a m>ket = y\r product if x is a good "o4 ,to make sausage y %\ld h a meat gr9d]1 :i* is an absolute ess5tial on e f>m4 ,if y d n h "o already !n buy a ,no4 #bb or ,no4 #cb4 ,9 addition to ! gr9d] y w ne$ a /uff] atta*m5t :i* co/s v little4 ,a knife1 cord1 /r+1 a clean tube & cas+s or musl9 bags w complete y\r equipm5t4 ,! musl9 bags c be ( any size b ! easie/ to h&le are #ab in*es long & #b in*es 9 diamet]4 ,if ! sausage is /uff$ into ^! bags !y mu/ be p>aff9$ = home use4 ,if y d n want to bo!r ) cas+s or bags put ! sausage 9 /one crocks or t9 pans ) a lay] ( l>d or p>aff9 on top4 ,! be/ sausage is made by us+ #c p>ts ( lean meat to "o ( fat4 ,:5 us+ ! gr9d]1 di/ribute ! lean & fat meat z uni=mly z possible4 ,y are n necess>ily limit$ to pork sausage1 = !re are _m o!r delici\s v>ieties y c make4 ,!y v>y 9 ! diff]5t k9ds ( meat us$ & 9 ! diff]5t season+s & spices4 ,breakfa/ sausage has bread add$ to x2 frankfurt]s are smok$ pork sausage 9 cas+s2 liv] sausage has pork & beef or veal & bread 9 x2 & blood sausage1 z its "n sugge/s1 has blood 7pref]ably f a hog7 add$ to x4 ,!n !re is tomato sausage :i* is made ( pulp f fre% tomatoes1 pork sausage & crack]s4 ,summ] sausage is made 9 ! w9t] & kept = use dur+ ! summ]4 ,aft] be+ dri$ & cur$ x w keep = mon?s4 ,bra9 sausage is delici\s4 ,to make x calves' bra9s are mix$ ) lean pork4 ,cambridge sausage has rice add$ to x4 ,head*eese is usually made f ! hog's head b odds & ends also c be us$ n only f pork b f beef & veal4 ,scrapple usually means ! head & feet ( hogs b x c be made f any hog meat4 ,x is a good food z x uses cornmeal4 ,x makes a *ange f fri$ mu% & mo/ m5 work+ on a f>m reli% x4 ,sausage c be made f mutton mix$ ) pork 9 mu* ! same way z beef is us$ = simil> purposes4 ,a g5]al =mula w\ld be #b p>ts ( mutton to #c p>ts pork ) season+s4 ,) a pl5tiful supply ( good home-cur$ & home-smok$ meats1 toge!r ) sev]al v>ieties ( sausages1 y c feel y are well equipp$ to fe$ y\r family ) its %>e ( meat4 ,ev]y?+ w h be5 utiliz$1 no?+ w h be5 wa/$4 ,y produc$ y\r own meat1 y slaught]$ & cur$ & smok$ x & put all trimm+s & o!r left-ov]s into appetiz+ food = y\r family & y h sav$ money4 ,y h utiliz$ ?+s at h& & requir$ no transportation facilities4 ,& be/ ( all1 y h ! v f9e/ 9 ! l& = y\r family & t gives "o a p]fectly ju/ifiable pride 9 ! "w accompli%$4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii ,,pres]v$ ,,or ,,cann$ ,,eggs ,z "o-half ( ! ye>ly egg crop is produc$ 9 ,m>*1 ,april1 ,may & ,june consum]s w\ld d well to /ore en\gh at t "t to use :5 production is light4 ,fifty doz5 eggs %\ld be /or$ = a family ( five to use dur+ ! mon?s ( ,octob]1 ,novemb]1 ,decemb] & ,janu>y1 at :i* "t ! m>ket price ( eggs is at ! highe/4 ,:5 cann+ !m ! eggs mu/ be fre%1 pref]ably n m ?an two or ?ree days old4 ,?is is ! reason :y x is mu* m satisfactory to put away eggs produc$ 9 "o's own *ick5 y>d or "o's neighbor's4 ,inf]tile eggs are be/ if !y c be obta9$--s1 aft] ! hat*+ exclude ! roo/]s f ! flock & kill !m = table use z ne$$4 ,! %ells mu/ be clean4 ,wa%+ an egg ) a soil$ %ell less5s its keep+ quality4 ,! protective gelat9\s cov]+ ov] ! %ell is remov$ by wat] & :5 ?is is gone ! egg spoils m rapidly4 ,use ! soil$ eggs = imm$iate use & ! clean ones = /orage4 ,! %ells also mu/ be free f ev5 ! t9ie/ crack4 ,"o crack$ egg w spoil a l>ge numb] ( s\nd eggs :5 pack$ 9 wat] glass4 ,e>!nw>e crocks are good conta9]s4 ,! crocks mu/ be clean & s\nd4 ,scald !m & let !m cool completely be=e use4 ,a crock hold+ six gallons w accommodate eighte5 doz5 eggs & ab\t tw5ty-two p9ts ( solution4 ,too l>ge crocks are n desirable1 s9ce !y increase ! liability ( break+ "s ( ! eggs1 & spoil+ ! entire bat*4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! eggs on ! bottom crack fir/ & t ^? 9 ! bottom ( ! crock are ! la/ to be remov$ = use4 ,eggs c be put up 9 small] crocks & ! eggs put 9 ! crock fir/ %\ld be us$ fir/ 9 ! h\sehold4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,/or+ ,!re are _m satisfactory me?ods ( /or+ eggs4 ,! comm]cial me?od is t ( cold /orage & if x 7 n = ?is me?od w9t] eggs w\ld be beyond ! av]age purse4 ,! fact t eggs h be5 held 9 cold /orage does n necess>ily mean t !y are ( l[ quality4 ,c>efully h&l$ cold-/orage eggs (t5 are ( bett] quality ?an fre% local eggs t h be5 improp]ly c>$ =4 ,9 ! home !y may be pack$ by sev]al me?ods3 ,salt1 oats or bran2 cov]+ !m ) vasel9e1 butt]1 l>d1 p>aff9 or prep>$ o9tm5ts2 imm]sion 9 br9e1 salicylic acid1 wat] glass 7sodium silicate7 or limewat]4 ,any ( ^! me?ods w keep ! eggs = %ort p]iods if /or$ 9 a cool place4 ,! salt1 oats & bran are v satisfactory4 ,! o9tm5ts also are satisfactory4 ,! wat] glass & limewat] w keep eggs )\t loss = a ye>4 ,h[ev]1 x is n wise to put d[n m eggs ?an is necess>y to tide ov] ! p]iod ( high price4 ,,wat] ,,glass ,,me?od ,wat] glass is kn[n to ! *emi/ z sodium silicate4 ,x c be pur*as$ by ! qu>t f druggi/s or p\ltry supply m54 ,x is a pale yell[1 odorless1 sirupy liquid4 ,x is dilut$ 9 ! proportion ( "o "p ( silicate to n9e p>ts ( di/ill$ wat]1 ra9 wat]1 or o!r wat]4 ,9 any case1 ! wat] %\ld be boil$ & !n all[$ to cool4 ,half fill ! vessel ) ?is solution & place ! eggs 9 x1 be+ c>eful n to crack !m4 ,! eggs c be add$ a few at a "t until ! conta9] is fill$4 ,be sure to keep ab\t two in*es ( wat] glass above ! eggs4 ,cov] ! crock to prev5t evaporation & place x 9 ! coole/ place available f :i* ! crock w n h to be mov$4 ,wax pap] cov]$ ov] & ti$ ar\nd ! top ( ! crock c be us$4 ,inspect ! crock f "t to "t & replace any wat] t has evaporat$ ) cool boil$ wat]4 ,,limewat] ,,me?od ,limewat] is also satisfactory = pres]v+ eggs & is slightly less exp5sive ?an wat] glass4 ,a solution is made by plac+ two or ?ree p\nds ( unslak$ lime 9 five gallons ( wat]1 :i* has be5 boil$ & all[$ to cool1 & all[+ ! mixture to /& until ! lime settles & ! liquid is cle>4 ,! eggs %\ld be plac$ 9 a clean e>!nw>e j> or o!r suitable vessel & cov]$ to a dep? ( two in*es ) ! liquid4 ,remove ! eggs z desir$1 r9se 9 clean1 cold wat] & use imm$iately4 ,if us+ ! limewat] me?od add a little ( ! lime s$im5t to insure a con/antly saturat$ solution4 ,if a ?9 :ite cru/ appe>s on ! limewat] solution x is due to ! =mation ( calcium c>bonate com+ 9 contact ) ! air & consequ5tly does no h>m4 ,,c&l+ ,,eggs ,,at ,,home ,if y pur*ase ! eggs t are to be /or$ x is saf] to c&le !m4 ,exam9+ eggs to det]m9e _! quality is call$ c&l+4 ,e "o kn[s t "s eggs are bett] ?an o!rs1 b ! ease ) :i* ! good ones c be pick$ out is n g5]ally und]/ood4 ,! bett] ! quality ( eggs1 ! sur] ! h\sewife c be t !y w keep satisfactorily4 ,,homemade ,,c&l] ,! equipm5t = c&l+ usually consi/s ( ei!r a wood51 a metal1 or a c>dbo>d box & a k]os5e lamp or an electric light4 ,a v inexp5sive egg c&l] = home use c be made f a l>ge %oe-box or simil> c>dbo>d box4 ,remove ! ends ( ! box1 & cut a hole ab\t ! size ( a half-doll> 9 "o side4 ,slip ! box ov] ! lamp or electric bulb1 d>k5 ! room1 hold ! egg1 ) ! l>ge end up1 be=e ! op5+ 9 ! box & its quality c easily be judg$4 ,,signs ,,( ,a ,,good ,,egg ,:5 held be=e ! op5+ ( ! c&le1 good eggs w look cle> & firm4 ,! air cell 7! :ite spot at ! l>ge end ( ! eggs7 %\ld be small1 n l>g] ?an a dime1 & ! yolk may be dimly se5 9 ! c5t] ( ! egg4 ,a l>ge air cell & a d>k1 freely mov+ yolk indicate t ! egg is /ale4 ,if ! %ell cont5ts appe> black or v d>k1 ! egg is absolutely unfit = food4 ,if y are 9 d\bt ab\t ! quality ( any eggs y are c&l+ break a few ( !m into a di% & exam9e !m4 ,?is is an excell5t way to le>n to "k h[ good & bad eggs look :5 !y are be+ c&l$4 ,disc>d all eggs t h %runk51 loose cont5ts1 a wat]y appe>ance1 crack$ & ?9 %ells4 ,eggs ( ?is description w n keep & are apt to spoil ! eggs close ar\nd !m4 ,any egg t floats 9 ! solution %\ld be disc>d$4 ,:5 pack+ eggs :e!r 9 salt1 oats1 or 9 solution place !m ) small end d[n4 ,:5 pack+ !m 9 salt1 oats1 etc41 d n all[ any two eggs to t\*4 ,,pack+ ,,! ,,eggs ,"o gallon ( wat] glass z pur*as$ w make en\gh pres]vative to pres]ve f #ge to #ajj doz5 eggs4 ,?ree gallons ( ei!r wat] glass solution or limewat] solution w pres]ve f #bjj to #bdj doz5 eggs accord+ to ! size ( ! eggs & ! %ape ( ! conta9]4 ,! co/ ( pres]v+ eggs by ! wat] glass me?od is ab\t "o c5t p] doz5 eggs1 n consid]+ ! co/ ( ! conta9]4 ,! lime wat] me?od is /ill *eap]4 ,! foll[+ gives ! sizes ( j>s ) approximate capacity = eggs & ! am\nt ( wat] glass solution requir$ to cov] ! eggs3 #a gallon j>--#dj eggs1 #c p9ts ( solution or #a qt4 #b gallon j>--#hj eggs1 #h p9ts ( solution or #b qu>ts4 #c gallon j>--#abj eggs1 #aa p9ts ( solution or #e qu>ts4 #d gallon j>--#afj eggs1 #ad p9ts ( solution or #g qu>ts4 #e gallon j>--#bjj eggs1 #ah p9ts ( solution or #i qu>ts4 #f gallon j>--#baf eggs1 #bb p9ts ( solution or #aa qu>ts4 #aj gallon j>--#djj eggs1 #cf p9ts ( solution or #ah qu>ts4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,use ,,pres]v$ ,,eggs ,:5 ! eggs are to be us$1 remove !m z desir$1 r9se 9 clean1 cold wat]1 & use imm$iately4 ,eggs pres]v$ 9 wat] glass c be us$ = s(t boil+ or poa*+ up to ,novemb]4 ,be=e boil+ su* eggs prick a t9y hole 9 ! l>ge end ( ! %ell ) a ne$le to keep !m f crack+1 z ! pres]vative seals ! pores ( ! %ell & prev5ts ! escape ( gases1 :i* is possible 9 ! /rictly fre% egg4 ,!y are satisfactory = fry+ until ab\t ,decemb]4 ,f t "t until ! end ( ! usual /orage p]iod--t is until ,m>*--!y c be us$ = omelettes1 scrambl$ eggs1 cu/>ds1 cakes & g5]al cook]y4 ,z ! eggs age1 ! :ite becomes ?9n] & is h>d] to beat4 ,! yolk membrane becomes m delicate & x is correspond+ly difficult to sep>ate ! :ites f ! yolks4 ,sometimes ! :ite ( ! egg is t+$ p9k aft] v long keep+ 9 wat] glass4 ,?is is due1 probably1 to a little iron :i* is 9 ! sodium silicate1 b :i* app>5tly does n injure ! eggs = food purposes4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii ,,home ,,/orage ,,( ,,vegetables ,t[>ds ! end ( ! cann+ season mo/ h\sewives h us$ e available glass j> & t9 c & hesitate ab\t pur*as+ a new supply4 ,!y h dri$ & br9$ _m products & yet !y feel1 & rightly s1 t !y w\ld l /ill m vegetables = w9t] use4 ,!re /ill rema9s ano!r me?od t !y may employ to provide !mselves ) a pl5tiful supply ( vegetables & ^! vegetables c be 9 ! fre% /ate too4 ,nei!r cann$1 dri$1 pickl$ or salt$ b fre%4 ,cann+1 dry+1 pickl+ & salt+ are ess5tial & necess>y b !y c n take ! place ( /orage4 ,to keep vegetables 9 _! natural /ate is ! easie/ & simple/ =m ( food pres]vation4 ,( c\rse1 y mu/ take prop] precautions aga9/ freez+ & decay4 ,if y d ?is y c h an abundant supply ( _m k9ds ( fre% vegetables all w9t]1 :]e climatic & liv+ conditions w p]mit4 ,/orage co/s b little money & little ef=t & yet x is v satisfactory4 ,!re are _m vegetables t c be /or$ to good advantage4 ,!y are3 ,beets1 ,brussels ,spr\ts1 ,beans1 ,cel]y1 ,c>rots1 ,*icory or ,endive1 ,cabbage1 ,caulifl[]1 ,kohl-rabi1 ,lima ,beans1 ,onions1 ,sweet ,potatoes1 ,squa% 7,w9t]71 ,salsify or ,vegetable ,oy/]1 ,tomatoes1 ,turnips4 ,to get good results 9 any k9d ( /orage1 y mu/ obs]ve f\r ?+s3 #a4 ,prop] v5tilation4 #b4 ,prop] regulation ( temp]ature4 #c4 ,suffici5t moi/ure4 #d4 ,good condition ( vegetables :5 /or$4 ,!re are six diff]5t ways to /ore vegetables4 ,!y are3 cell> /orage1 pit /orage1 outdoor cell> or cave /orage1 attic /orage1 s& boxes & pantry /orage4 ,,cell> ,,/orage ,we w fir/ ( all consid] cell> or basem5t /orage4 ,"o ( ! mo/ conv5i5t places = ! /orage ( vegetables is a cool1 well-v5tilat$ & reasonably dry cell> und]nea? ! h\se4 ,?is cell> mu/ h w9d[s or "s me?od ( v5tilation1 mu/ n be too w>m & n s cold t food w freeze4 ,if !re is prop] v5tilation !re c be "s dampness )\t injury to ! vegetables4 ,if y\r cell> or basem5t floods easily or has wat] /&+ 9 x any:]e x %\ld n be us$ = vegetable /orage4 ,if !re is a furnace 9 ! cell> or basem5t a small room z f> z possible f ! heat+ plant %\ld be p>tition$ (f4 ,d n build a room 9 ! middle ( ! cell>1 = two sides ( ! room %\ld consi/ ( outside walls4 ,if possible h two outside w9d[s = prop] regulation ( ! temp]ature & = good v5tilation4 ,if y _c h two w9d[s h "o4 ,a v good arrangem5t = con/ant circulation ( air consi/s 9 hav+ a /ove-pipe ins]t$ ?r\gh "o ( ! l[] panes ( ! w9d[ to admit cold air4 ,"o ( ! upp] panes ( ! w9d[ c be remov$ to all[ = ! escape ( w>m air4 ,t is1 ( c\rse1 if ! w9d[ is made ( n9e or twelve small panes ( squ>es ( glass4 ,9 sev]ely cold wea!r ?is upp] pane c be replac$ or ! op5+ /uff$ up 9 "s way4 ,if y d n h an old /ove-pipe y c make a wood5 flue ( old bo>ds or old disc>d$ boxes4 ,mo/ cell>s & basem5ts are n[ made ) concrete floors4 ,! ideal floor = /orage purposes is an e>? floor4 ,h[ev]1 we c put two or ?ree in*es ( s& on our concrete floors & get good results4 ,spr9kle ! s& ) wat] f "t to "t4 ,put ! vegetables t are to be /or$ 9 boxes1 baskets1 b>rels or crates4 ,use conta9]s t hold only two or ?ree bu%els apiece4 ,if l>g] boxes or b>rels are us$ !re is always dang] ( heat+ & decay4 ,( c\rse1 prop] precautions %\ld be tak5 aga9/ mice4 ,an excell5t way to prev5t wilt+ ( crops & %r9kage is to put moi/ leaves1 oak or maple1 9 ! conta9]s ) ! vegetables4 ,moi/ s& is sometimes us$ b x is mu* heavi] to h&le ?an ! leaves4 ,x is no difficult matt] to rake ! lawn :5 y are ready to /ore ! vegetables4 ,! vegetables t are adapt$ = cell> /orage are beets1 cabbage1 c>rots1 cel]y1 p>snips1 potatoes1 salsify & turnips4 ,,pit ,,/orage ,!re are two k9ds ( pits t may be us$ = /orage4 ,^? t are n fro/-pro( & ^? :i* are fro/-pro(4 ,"s vegetables are n injur$ by be+ held 9 a froz5 condition dur+ ! w9t] mon?s4 ,cabbage is n injur$ by mod]ate fro/4 ,cabbage & p>snips w /& freez+ & a little ?aw+1 s !y c be put 9 pits or bett] /ill1 boxes or b>rels set into ! gr\nd may be us$4 ,make ! pit m\nd %ap$4 ,if ! e>? is m\nd$ ar\nd ! box1 b>rel or pit1 surface wat] _c run 94 ,if us+ ?is k9d ( /orage d n /ore ! products until bo? ! gr\nd & ! products are froz5 solid4 ,! idea is to keep ! vegetables froz5 or to h v few freez+s & ?aw+s1 & ^? few %\ld be gradual4 ,aft] ! pit has be5 made or ! box or b>rel has be5 set into ! gr\nd & fill$ ) vegetables1 x %\ld be cov]$ fir/ ) a piece ( burlap or c>pet1 !n ) a m\se-pro( bo>d cov] & f9ally ) /raw or simil> mat]ial4 ,:5 tak5 f ! pit1 ! vegetables c be ?aw$ out ov] night 9 cold wat]1 aft] :i* !y c be kept 9 ! cell> = a %ort l5g? ( "t4 ,! pits = keep+ vegetables free f fro/ mu/ be c>efully & ?\ghtfully made1 b !y are *eap & are v useful & practical :5 caves or cell>s are n conv5i5t4 ,! fro/-pro( pit = /or+ vegetables %\ld always be plac$ 9 z well-dra9$ a place z possible4 ,a %all[ excavation %\ld be made f "o to two feet deep1 f\r feet wide & z long z desir$4 ,l9e ! pit ) /raw1 hay or leaves1 !n place ! vegetables 9 a conical pile on ! /raw4 ,cov] ! vegetables ) six in*es ( ! mat]ial us$ 9 mak+ ! l9+4 ,?is is cov]$ ) ?ree or f\r in*es ( e>?4 ,! /raw is all[$ to ext5d up ?r\gh ! e>? at ! top ( ! pile1 ?us assur+ v5tilation4 ,:5 x becomes cold] add m cov]+ to ! pit by ano!r lay] ( /raw & a lay] ( e>?4 ,9 v cold climates a lay] ( manure or corn /alks w af=d protection aga9/ fro/4 ,x is well to make sev]al small pits r ?an "o l>g] "o = ! reason t :5 a pit has once be5 op5$ x is difficult to protect ! rema9+ vegetables f fro/4 ,x is advisable to /ore sev]al v>ieties ( vegetables 9 "o pit s t :5 ea* pit is op5$ y h a v>iety ( vegetables4 ,if y foll[ ?is plan sep>ate ! v>i\s crops by us+ /raw or leaves4 ,pits are ent]$ by *opp+ a hole ?r\gh ! froz5 e>? at "o end1 l>ge en\gh to rea* into or crawl into4 ,aft] ! vegetables h be5 obta9$ keep ! hole /uff$ & cov]$ mo/ c>efully & deeply ) old sacks & /raw4 ,if ! small] pits are us$1 a decid$ly bett] arrangem5t1 take out all ! vegetables 9 ! pit & ^? t are n ne$$ = imm$iate consumption c be plac$ 9 ! cell> /orage room1 or o!r cool place1 until ne$$4 ,d n use ^? pits if y live :]e w9t] ra9s are abundant z ! pits w become wat] soak$ & ! vegetables w suff] m or less decay4 ,,outdoor ,,cell> ,,/orage ,outdoor cell>s or caves may be *eaply built = m or less tempor>y use or !y may be v exp5sively built ( concrete1 brick1 or clay blocks4 ,( c\rse1 ! latt] are p]man5t /or+ places & (f] p]fect /orage = potatoes1 c>rots1 cabbages1 p>snips1 beets1 turnips & salsify4 ,! objectionable features ( indoor cell> /orage is t su* /orage does n furni% ideal conditions = keep+ ! vegetables fre% = any great l5g? ( "t4 ,! objectionable feature to ! pit /orage is ! inaccessibility to ^! pits dur+ sev]e wea!r4 ,! outdoor cell> or cave ov]comes bo? ^! objections4 ,! outdoor cell> or cave is an und]gr\nd /ructure1 pref]ably built 9 a hillside & fully cov]$ ) e>? except at "o end only :]e ! entrance is locat$4 ,if !re are doors at bo? ends x is almo/ impossible to prev5t freez+ 9 v cold wea!r4 ,! cave door %\ld fit p]fectly & !re %\ld be a hat*way or door ov] ! /eps lead+ d[n to ! cave door4 ,a v satisfactory inexp5sive cell> c be made by digg+ an excavation ab\t #e ft4 deep & 9 ?is erect+ a frame by sett+ po/s 9 r[s ne> ! dirt walls4 ,saw ^! po/s (f at uni=m height & place plates on _! tops4 ,on ^! plates place raft]s4 ,bo>d up completely ) ! exception ( ! entrance4 ,cov] ! :ole ) dirt or sod & 9 cold climates add a lay] ( /raw or fodd]4 ,a v5tilation mu/ be provid$ 9 ! ro( at ! back end4 ,a sew] tile ) ! bell end up makes a v good flue4 ,a dirt floor is satisfactory z x conta9s moi/ure4 ,if !re is any seepage use a dra9 tile to c>ry x (f4 ,! m pret5ti\s p]man5t cell>s are provid$ ) air spaces to furni% insulation2 are provid$ ) l>ge v5tilation %afts ?r\gh ! ro( & cold air intakes "u ! floor4 ,?or\gh dra9age is obta9$ by plac+ a l9e ( tile ar\nd ! outside wall & also by hav+ ! air intake s]ve z a dra9 = surplus wat] t might get into ! cave4 ,! floor is cem5t or concrete4 ,su* a cave is exp5sive b is a p]man5t /ructure & a good addition to any f>m or e/ate4 ,if prop]ly made x is possible to ma9ta9 a temp]ature ( #cd to #ch degrees )\t mu* fluctuation dur+ ! w9t] mon?s4 ,?is k9d ( /orage is n only adapt$ = vegetables b apples z well4 ,x is bett] adapt$ to ! ,nor!rn1 ,ea/]n & ,we/]n ,/ates ?an to ! ,s\!rn ,/ates1 :]e x is likely to be w>m at ! "t ! vegetables are ready = /orage4 ,:5 mak+ ! cave1 h x z ne> z possible to ! kit*5 door4 ,sometimes caves are made s t !y c be ent]$ f ! h\se1 cell> or por*4 ,,attic ,,/orage ,"s vegetables su* z onions1 squa%es1 sweet potatoes & pumpk9s c be /or$ 9 ! attic 9 crates :i* all[ free circulation ( air4 ,!y mu/ be absolutely free f bruises & mu/ be well rip5$ & cur$4 ,to cure ! vegetables expose !m to ! air = a few days 9 ! %ade4 ,remove ! tops ( onions be=e /or+4 ,! attic is mu* bett] = /or+ onions ?an ! basem5t4 ,squa%es are susceptible to cold & moi/ure1 s are suitable = ! attic4 ,be v c>eful 9 h&l+ ! squa%es to prev5t break+ ! /ems (f4 ,wat* pumpk9s & squa% c>efully & at ! fir/ sign ( decay1 use imm$iately or c4 ,,s& ,,box ,,/orage ,s& boxes 9 cell>s1 pits or caves are desirable = beets1 turnips1 kohl-rabi1 c>rots1 w9t] radi%es & rutabagas4 ,! s& keeps !m cold & prev5ts evaporation4 ,kohl-rabi %\ld be t5d] :5 /or$4 ,,pantry ,,/orage ,:]e !re is no attic or :]e x is inconv5i5tly rea*$1 ! products t are adapt$ to a v dry place c be /or$ on ! pantry %elves or 9 a dry cell> ne> ! furnace4 ,!y are onions1 squa%es1 pumpk9s & sweet potatoes4 ,! keep+ qualities ( all ^! vegetables1 no matt] :at /orage is us$1 dep5ds *iefly ^u _! condition :5 plac$ 9 /orage4 ,all products to be /or$ mu/ be mature1 b n ov]gr[n4 ,root crops %\ld be dry :ile ! gr\nd is 9 good work+ condition4 ,all vegetables %\ld be all[$ to become surface dry be=e plac+ !m 9 /orage4 ,:ite or ,iri% potatoes1 especially1 %\ld n be expos$ to bright sunlight any l5g? ( "t4 ,only vegetables free f disease or injury %\ld be /or$4 ,any t are damag$ c be us$ imm$iately1 or c be cann$ or dri$4 ,fur!r p>ticul>s = ! /or+ ( fre% vegetables are giv5 9 ! foll[+ tables4 ,,table ,,= ,,vegetable ,,/orage ,,vegetables ,,h[ ,,be/ ,,/or$ ,,prep>ation ,,= ,,/orage ,,am\nt ,,= ,,family ,,( ,,two ,,rem>ks ,iri% ,potatoes ,mu/ be kept cool ) a slight degrees ( moi/ure4 ,use ei!r cell> or cave me?ods4 ,no potato %\ld be m ?an f\r ft4 f air if /or$ 9 b>rels1 boxes1 crates or b9s4 ,potatoes mu/ be dug be=e ! gr\nd is cru/$ ) fro/4 ,fro/$ potatoes w spoil1 "o aft] ano!r4 ,impossible to sort out fro/$ potatoes4 #aj to #ae bus4 ,rememb] ,iri% potatoes are ru9$ by freez+4 ,potatoes %\ld be kept absolutely d>k to prev5t gre5+ by light4 ,nev] buy potatoes 9 sacks t %[ wet places due to a fro/$ potato4 ,sweet ,potatoes ,require w>m? & dryness4 ,9 crates or on %elves 9 w>m dry room4 ,c be spread on ! floor 9 ! room above ! kit*5 :]e !y w h pl5ty ( heat1 especially = ! fir/ #b or #c weeks aft] !y are dug4 ,:5 ! sweet potatoes are dug !y %\ld be all[$ to lie 9 ! sun & w9d = #c or #d h\rs s z to become p]fectly dry4 ,!y mu/ be well rip5$ & free f bruises4 ,c be kept on %elves 9 a v dry place & !y ne$ n be kept specially cold4 ,sweet potatoes keep be/ :5 !y are %[+ j a little incl9ation to spr\t4 ,h[ev]1 if !y />t gr[+ ! quality is greatly injur$4 #b to #c bus4 ,if y are 9 d\bt z to :e!r ! sweet potatoes are matur$ en\gh = /orage1 cut or break "o end & expose x to ! air = a few m9utes4 ,if ! surface ( ! cut or break dries1 ! potato is mature4 ,b if moi/ure rema9s on ! surface1 x is n fully rip5$4 ,9 places :]e !re are e>ly fro/s1 sweet potatoes %\ld be dug ab\t ! "t ! fir/ fro/ is expect$1 )\t consid]+ maturity4 ,c>rots ,are be/ /or$ 9 s& 9 cell>s1 caves or pits2 or 9 tightly cov]$ boxes or crocks4 ,mu/ be kept cold & evaporation mu/ be prev5t$1 = o!rwise !y become wilt$4 ,c rema9 9 ! gr\nd until ! wea!r is q cool2 !n be pull$1 ! tops cut (f & !n /or$4 #a to #c bus4 ,if y /ore c>rots 9 ! cell> & x is extremely dry cov] !m ) a little moi/5$ s&4 ,cel]y ,may be root$ 9 e>? 9 a cell> or cave & if wat]$ occasionally w keep fre% until ,*ri/mas4 ,! soil1 e>? or s&1 9 :i* ! cel]y is set %\ld be #b or #c in*es deep4 ,?is soil mu/ n be all[$ to become dry4 ,c rema9 9 ! gr\nd until ! wea!r is q cool4 #e doz5 good plants or bun*es4 ,ano!r way to /ore cel]y is to bank x to ! top ) e>?2 cov] ! tops ) bo>ds1 /raw1 or leaves & all[ x to rema9 :]e x has gr[n until want$ = use4 ,ano!r way is to dig a tr5* #ab in*es wide & deep en\gh to correspond ) ! height ( ! cel]y1 !n lift ! cel]y & pack x 9 ?is tr5* ) "s soil ab\t ! roots4 ,:5 ! wea!r becomes cold]1 cov] ! tr5* ) bo>ds nail$ toge!r 9 ! =m ( a ,v %ap$ tr\gh & ov] ?is inv]t$ tr\gh put a lay] ( soil4 ,! ends ( ?is tr\gh %\ld be left op5 = v5tilation until freez+ sets 91 !n close ^! op5+s ) /raw1 old bags or soil4 ,if ! freeze ceases & !re is a spell ( w>m] wea!r op5 ! ends slightly = v5tilation4 ,:5 ! cel]y is fir/ /or$ 9 ! tr5*es ! soil ab\t ! roots ( ! cel]y %\ld be wat]$ & & if ! wea!r is dry aft] ! cel]y is put 9 ! tr5*es1 p\r "s wat] ar\nd ! roots to keep ! cel]y crisp & fre%4 ,cabbage ,c be wrapp$ 9 pap] ) ! out] leaves left on = imm$iate use & /or$ 9 v5tilat$ b>rels or l>ge crates 9 ! cell>4 ,b z few cell>s are cool en\gh to keep cabbage 9 good condition x is m advisable to /ore x 9 a long %all[ pit 9 ! g>d54 ,is n injur$ by mod]ate fro/ :ile 9 ! pit b %\ld n be di/urb$ :ile froz54 ,! pit %\ld be long & n>r[4 ,pull ! cabbage1 /em1 root & all1 & !n laid ) heads d[n ab\t #c heads 9 wid? c be plac$ 9 ! pit4 ,cov] lightly ) soil & z ! wea!r becomes cold] add a little m soil until !re is a lay] #f or #g in*es ?ick ov] ! cabbage4 ,keep ! ends ( ! pit p>tially op5 = v5tilation until ! wea!r becomes v cold4 #be heads4 ,late v>ieties ( cabbage are ! only ones fit = /orage4 ,x is advisable to dig a %all[ dit* ar\nd ! pit s t all surplus wat] c be c>ri$ (f4 ,*ickory or ,endive ,/ore 9 a box or b$ ( moi/ s& 9 ! cell>4 ,put roots 9 an upright position ) ! s& com+ j to _! tops4 ,wat] ! s& occasionally4 ,sometimes a cov]+ ( /raw is add$ to blan* ! t5d] gr[? ( %oots1 :i* is ! "p us$ z food4 ,late 9 ! fall lift ! roots out & c>efully trim (f ! leaves )\t injury to ! he>t4 #e doz4 roots4 ,*ickory or endive is gr[n ! same z c>rots or salsify4 ,x is useful 9 ! w9t] = x furni%es ! ne$$ gre5 t is s sc>ce 9 w9t]4 ,beets ,mu/ n be plac$ 9 too l>ge piles 9 ! cell> z !y are incl9$ to mold4 ,c also be buri$ 9 pits 9 op5 gr\nd4 ,c rema9 9 ! gr\nd until v cool wea!r2 !n %\ld be pull$1 ! tops cut (f & !n /or$ 9 ! cell>4 #a bu%el4 ,beets are n s mu* incl9$ to %rivel z c>rots4 ,salsify or ,vegetable ,oy/] ,pack roots 9 box ) moi/ s& 9 cell> or z !y are n injur$ by rema9+ 9 ! gr\nd all w9t] !y c be left !re4 ,en\gh = imm$iate use may be dug 9 ! autumn & ! o!rs dug z desir$4 ,:5 /or$ 9 ! cell> aft] ! salsify is pull$1 trim (f ! tops & !n /& !m 9 an upright position ) ! s& ev5 ) ! tops4 #ge to #ajj roots4 ,is injur$ by too mu* freez+ & ?aw+1 s %\ld rema9 froz54 ,p>snips ,c be /or$ j z salsify or be all[$ to rema9 9 ! gr\nd until want$4 ,^? t are to be /or$ 9 ! cell> c rema9 9 9 ! g>d5 until ! wea!r is q cool1 !n prep>e & /ore l salsify4 #a bu%el 9 ! cell> & "o 9 ! g>d54 ,p>snips are be/ kept froz5 or fre% 9 ! cell> z too mu* freez+ & ?aw+ de/roys !m4 ,turnips ,mu/ be /or$ :]e temp]ature is l[ or spr\t+ w result4 ,mod]ate freez+ does no h>m :ile 9 ! /orage pit b !y mu/ n be di/urb$ :ile froz54 ,pull2 cut tops (f & /ore 9 s& 9 cell>s or caves1 or 9 pits1 or 9 tightly cov]$ boxes or crocks4 #a to #c bus4 ,! object is to keep !m cold & prev5t evaporation4 ,x is a good plan to /ore a portion 9 ! cell> s z to be available dur+ ! "t t ^? buri$ 9 ! pit are froz5 9 & n s easily accessible4 ,onions ,require a cool dry place4 ,attic excell5t4 ,be=e /or+1 cure !m by expos+ to ! air = a few days 9 ! %ade4 ,dryness is absolutely ess5tial4 ,a well cur$ onion %\ld be firm & n readily d5t$ at ! base ( ! tops by ! tip ( ! ?umb :5 held 9 ! h&4 #c bu%els4 ,onions are be/ = /orage if topp$ ab\t #a in*es long4 ,caulifl[] ,plant$ 9 %all[ boxes ( soil 9 light place 9 ! cell>4 ,mu/ n be too mature4 ,/ore z _m z possible4 ,if kept well wat]$ !y w mature = w9t] use4 ,brussels ,spr\ts ,plant$ 9 soil 9 cell>4 ,mu/ n be too mature4 ,accord+ to family ta/es4 ,keep wat]$ & w mature4 ,gr\nd ,*]ries or ,husk ,tomatoes ,may be /or$ = "s weeks 9 ! husk 9 _! lay]s 9 a dry place free f fro/4 ,kohl-rabi1 ,w9t] ,radi%es1 ,rutabagas ,be/ /or$ 9 s& 9 cell>s1 c>es or pits4 ,mu/ be kept cold to prev5t evaporation4 ,accord+ to ! family ta/es4 ,kohl-rabi mu/ be t5d] :5 /or$4 ,horse-radi% ,may be kept 9 ! gr\nd :]e gr[n all w9t]4 ,mu/ be kept froz5 z ?aw+ injures x4 ,pumpk9s ,be/ kept on %elves 9 a v dry place4 ,c be kept on %elves 9 furnace room4 ,mu/ be rip5$ & cur$ & free f bruises4 #e ord9>y siz$ pumpk9s4 ,ne$ n be kept especially cold4 ,squa%es ,susceptible to cold & moi/ure1 s /ore 9 a dry place :]e temp]ature w be betwe5 #ej & #fj degrees4 ,c>e mu/ be tak5 t /em is n brok54 #aj ord9>y siz$ hubb>d squa%es4 ,:5ev] squa%es or pumpk9s 9 /orage %[ signs ( decay1 ! s\nd portion %\ld be imm$iately cann$4 ,tomatoes ,cool cell> or cave2 c be wrapp$ 9 any absorb5t pap] pref]ably )\t pr9t+ ^u x1 & laid ^u %elves to rip54 ,! pap] absorbs ! moi/ure giv5 (f by ! tomatoes & causes !m to rip5 uni=mly4 ,if cell> is dry or well v5tilat$1 tomatoes c be kept a mon? or six weeks 9 ?is mann]4 ,may be kept until ,*ri/mas if v9es ) ! gre5 tomatoes hang+ on !m are pull$ & hung 9 ! cell>4 ,pull ! v9es be=e !y are fro/$4 ,all t y c put away4 ,mo/ ( ! tomatoes t are put into /orage w rip5 & be mo/ acceptable z soon z !y color up4 ,if ^! tomatoes1 :5 cook$1 are f\nd to be v acid1 ! acidity may be ov]come by us+ bak+ soda4 ,p>sley ,transplant into fl[] pots late 9 ! fall4 ,keep 9 w9d[s :]e !y w receive pl5ty ( sun%9e4 ,g>lic ,%\ld be ?or\ghly cur$ z are onions4 ,or x may be braid$ by ! tops into /r+s :i* are hung up 9 dry places = cur+ & /or+4 ,head ,lettuce ,root$ 9 e>? 9 a cell> or cave4 ,wat] occasionally4 ,all y h 9 ! g>d54 ,dry beans & peas ,/or$ :]e protect$ f weevils4 ,%\ld be fully rip5$ be=e %ell+4 ,pick pods by h& z !y rip5 & spread pods to become ?or\ghly dry4 ,may be %ell$ by spread+ pods on a %eet & beat+ !m ) a /ick4 ,c be clean$ by p\r+ !m f a height ( #d or #e ft4 ^u a %eet & all[+ ! w9d to bl[ ! p>ticles ( pod out ( !m z !y fall4 ,z _m z y c ga!r4 ,apples ,mu/ be kept 9 a dry1 cool place & s /or$ z to be 9 no dang] ( absorb+ odors f vegetables /or$ ne>by4 ,apples absorb odors f potatoes1 onions1 turnips & o!r /rong vegetables4 ,sort apples c>efully remov+ & us+ at once all fruit t is bruis$ & %[s signs ( decay4 ,! be/ results are obta9$ by wrapp+ ea* apple 9 half a %eet ( newspap] & /or+ 9 b>rels1 boxes1 crates or b9s4 ,! wrapp+ prev5ts apples f t\*+ & ?us prev5ts decay4 ,x also protects apples f odors ( vegetables /or$ ne>by4 ,z _m b>rels ( apples z possible4 ,rememb] t ,an apple a day w keep ! doctor away4 ,! cell> or o!r /orage place mu/ be kept cool4 #cb ,f4 is ideal4 ,nev] all[ temp]ature to g above #dj ,f4 ,!y c be /or$ unwrapp$ 9 b>rels1 boxes1 crates1 b9s1 etc41 if prop] att5tion is paid to sort+1 to provid+ a cool place = /orage1 to occasional sort+ dur+ ! w9t] & = ! imm$iate removal ( all decay$ fruit4 ,ev5 if y d n raise apples1 b h a good /orage place1 meet+ ! requirem5ts z reg>ds temp]ature1 y w f9d x advantage\s to buy a w9t]'s supply 9 ! autumn1 :5 prices are l[4 ,,*apt] ,,xix ,,h[ ,,to ,,m>ket ,,home ,,cann$ ,,produce ,y h "s delici\s jellies1 jams1 cann$ fruits & vegetables t y wi% to sell & y d n "k j h[ to g ab\t x4 ,!re are at y\r disposal sev]al means ( sell+3 #a4 ,?r\gh adv]tis+4 #b4 ,?r\gh p]sonal lett]s to desirable %ops1 delicatess5s1 bo>d+-h\ses1 colleges1 etc4 #c4 ,by direct salesman%ip2 t is1 by mak+ p]sonal visits to ! buy]s1 ei!r homes or /ores4 #d4 ,?r\gh jobb]s to :om y pay a commission on all sales4 #e4 ,?r\gh cop]ative sell+4 ,p]haps ! *eape/ & easie/ way = y to h&le y\r problem is to employ ! me?od s mu* us$ to-day & t is wayside adv]tis+4 ,wayside adv]tis+ co/s practically no?+ & yet x pays4 ,autos are ev]y:]e ^! days4 ,y _c take a c\ntry ride )\t see+ _m signbo>ds at ! f>m entrances adv]tis+ *ick5s1 fre% eggs1 vegetables1 honey1 apples & cann$ goods4 ,i h a fri5d :o drives #ej miles e fall = h] honey4 ,%e fir/ f\nd x by see+ ! sign 9 front ( ! f>m & n[ %e returns ye> aft] ye> because %e ?9ks no o!r honey is j l x4 ,%e w\ld nev] h discov]$ x if t f>m woman _h n be5 clev] en\gh to ?9k ( adv]tis+ h] goods 9 ?is *eap way4 ,my fri5d told all h] o!r auto fri5ds1 s ! c\ntry woman has a spl5did outlet = h] product n[4 ,if y live on a good road t is patroniz$ at all by autoi/s y ought to get y\r signbo>d up at once4 ,we (t5 pass a f>m :]e ! sign ,fre% ,home-,made ,c&y always tempts u to /op & buy4 ,:at autoi/ c\ld resi/ t sign8 ,& "h miles f t[n ?is clev] woman is c>ry+ on a pr(itable side trade1 :i* is nett+ h] a nice little ye>ly income4 ,h] c&y is good2 we g (t5 & s d _m o!rs4 ,%e has turn$ h] pr(ession into a pay+ proposition4 ,%e c\ld s5d h] c&y away by p>cel po/ or by "s o!r means1 b %e w\ld n be s f> ahead z %e is n[4 ,9 addition to y\r wayside adv]tis+ y c\ld adv]tise 9 pap]s1 magaz9es1 etc4 ,_m produc]s believe /rongly 9 adv]tis+ 9 daily & weekly pap]s4 ,y c quickly f9d out :e!r ?is k9d ( adv]tis+ pays4 ,give x a trial at lea/4 ,aft] y h sp5t t5 or fifte5 doll>s 9 adv]tis+ y ought to "k :e!r x pays4 ,use "o or two ( ! city pap]s ne> y1 tak+ ! publi%]'s advice z to ! be/ day ( ! week on :i* to run ! adv]tisem5t1 ! size & ! position ( ! ad4 ,! fir/ co/ ( gett+ y\r cu/om]s may seem high1 b ) good products y c\ld soon build up a li/ ( p to :om sales c be made ye> aft] ye>4 ,?is =m ( adv]tis+ has _m advantages4 ,if y\r adv]tis+ copy is clev] & y h "s novelty to (f]1 y ought to receive _m ord]s4 ,if ord]s come1 y get ! full retail price1 ! %ipp+ *>ges are paid by ! cu/om]1 & ca% comes ) e ord]4 ,& x means1 if y\r cu/om]s are pleas$1 t y h p]man5t cu/om]s4 ,! initial co/ is great & !re is a risk1 b rememb] x pays to adv]tise4 ,!re are millions ( city wom5 :o nev] c a j> ( fruit or put up a s+le glass ( pres]ves or jelly :o w be glad to h y s5d y\r goods direct to !m by p>cel po/4 ,b y mu/ get 9 t\* ) ^! wom5 ei!r ?r\gh wayside adv]tis+1 magaz9e & pap] adv]tis+ or by direct salesman%ip1 al?\gh v few wom5 h ! "t = p]sonal calls4 ,consid]able bus9ess c be done by lett] writ+ to /ores1 re/aurants & bo>d+-h\ses 9 di/ant cities4 ,x may be impossible = y to g p]sonally1 9 :i* case lett]s (t5 br+ ! desir$ results4 ,make y\r lett]s bus9ess-l & typewrite !m4 ,d n be disc\rag$ if y d n get _m replies at fir/ z !re are at lea/ fifty p] c5t :o pay no att5tion to su* lett]s4 ,b ?is =m ( adv]tis+ usually pays4 ,ano!r me?od foll[$ by _m home cann]s is t ( m>ket+ direct to ! retail groc]s1 c>e be+ tak51 ( c\rse1 to protect ^! groc]s by n sell+ to m ?an "o memb] 9 a community4 ,"o ( ! great advantages1 ( ?is direct salesman%ip is t little sell+ ef=t is requir$ on y\r "p aft] ! fir/ arrangem5ts h be5 made4 ,! ne>by m>ket plan is greatly to be recomm5d$ because y c keep 9 t\* ) y\r sell+ conc]n1 build up a l9e ( desirable goods & promote its sale by adv]tis+4 ,( c\rse y c get m money = y\r goods if y h "t & ! opportunity to sell direct to ! consum]s4 ,y w ( necessity h to sell *eap] to ! groc]s because !y too mu/ make _! pr(it4 ,m>ket+ direct to ! consum] has a special appeal to _m p4 ,:]e "t is available & ! community accu/om$ to pur*as+ 9 ?is mann]1 ?is me?od (f]s great possibilities4 ,! pr(its are ( c\rse high] b ! results m unc]ta91 = x is some:at difficult to gauge ! dem&s ( ! public1 & ! cann] mu/ assume ! risk ord9>ily tak5 by ! m]*ant4 ,x takes "t & pati5ce to develop a li/ ( cu/om]s b if y h "t 9 ! w9t] to d ?is y w f9d x w pay y well4 ,if y c get cu/om]s :o are will+ to pay good prices = quality1 scrupul\s cleanl9ess & ! homemade flavor1 y w get a l>g] gross return ?an if y sold ?r\gh m]*ants1 b if y\r "t is valuable x w\ld sc>cely pay y to take individual ord]s & deliv] goods4 ,!re is /ill ano!r way & t is to m>ket y\r home-cann$ products 9 l>ge lots to jobb]s1 b if ?is plan is to be pursu$ successfully !re mu/ be a reasonably l>ge pack & :olesale rates4 ,?is me?od produces m uni=m pr(its ye> by ye>1 = aft] a reputation is e/abli%$ ! home-cann] w\ld n exp]i5ce great difficulty 9 ?us dispos+ ( h] entire output by contract1 provid+ ! quality 0 high & ! price dem&s n excessive4 ,b ! greate/ & be/ way ( all to f9d a pr(itable m>ket = y\r ?+s is to cop]ate ) o!r cann]s 9 y\r own neighborhood & f9d a m>ket = quantity z well z quality4 ,delicatess5s1 club h\ses1 tea %ops1 college dormitories1 re/aurants & hotels1 all pay good prices = f9e quality4 ,no big buy] w bo!r to pur*ase "o or two doz5 ( ?is or t4 ,he wants doz5s ( ?+s4 ,"o ( ! v be/ pr(itable ways to sell ) little tr\ble is ?r\gh quantities4 ,get all ! wom5 9 y\r community to br+ toge!r cans ( fruit & pres]ves1 etc41 to "s m>ket+ place4 ,f9d out h[ _m j>s ( currant jelly y h1 h[ _m cans ( peas & corn1 h[ _m ( *]ries1 etc41 & !n notify y\r buy] or prospective buy]4 ,cop]ative sell+ has be5 und]tak5 & f\nd pr(itable4 ,9 "s cases1 especially 9 localities frequ5t$ by ! summ] bo>d] or ! automobile t\ri/1 sales are made direct to cu/om]s :o come to ! salesrooms ( ! organizations or to _! special sales2 9 o!r cases goods are s5t by p>cel po/ & o!r means4 ,! wom5 9 ! community c hire or beg a room :]e all ! wom5 ( ! community c sell _! products = individual pr(it4 ,?is room %\ld be locat$ on ! direct automobile road 9 ord] to attract t\ri/s & automobile p>ties4 ,an annual memb]%ip fee ( f #ej c5ts to #a g5]ally is requir$ = ^! organizations1 & a *>ge ( f #aj to #ae p] c5t ( ! sell+ price usually is made to cov] ! co/ ( sell+4 ,9 a few in/ances ! manag+ bo>d has be5 able to secure an effici5t p]son to take *>ge ( ! ent]prise = a specifi$ p]c5tage on ! sales4 ,:olesale groc]y conc]ns are int]e/$ 9 big ?+s--ord]s c be plac$ ) !m4 ,soda f\nta9s 9 t[ns & cities are excell5t cu/om]s = ! fre%e/ eggs !y c get4 ,!y are encroa*+ m & m on ! trade ( ! re/aurants & lun* rooms4 ,_m s]ve light lun*eons & w\ld be int]e/$ 9 good butt]1 pres]ves & jams4 ,:5 y get a li/ ( names & addresses write to sev]al doz5 places1 tell :at y\r organization has 9 ! way ( gu>ante$ eggs1 homemade products & :at k9d ( s]vice y c\ld (f] 9 ! way ( regul> %ipm5ts4 ,:5 ord]s come x is an easy matt] to look up at y\r local bank ! responsibility ( any cu/om]1 s !re is little risk4 ,or ca% c be insi/$ ^u ) e ord]1 al?\gh l>ge conc]ns pref] to pay aft] receipt ( goods & bill4 ,ea* woman 9 ?is cop]ative organization mu/ keep h] goods up to a c]ta9 /&>d1 = an inf]ior lot ( goods s5t to a l>ge firm might ru9 a reputation4 ,?ree ?+s gov]n ! sale ( cann$ products--appe>ances1 quality & price4 ,s _m ?+s ent] into consid]ation ( prices obta9able t x is difficult to set a /&>d :i* w be applicable to diff]5t sections4 ,! quality ( ! pack1 its neatness1 ! me?od ( m>ket+ & _m o!r matt]s mu/ be consid]$ 9 decid+ ?is all-important po9t4 ,z a g5]al proposition1 h[ev]1 if ! products are uni=mly high grade1 prices may be obta9$ :i* are some:at 9 excess ( factory-made products m>ket$ 9 ! same mann]4 ,l any o!r new indu/ry1 ! sell+ %\ld be develop$ sl[ly 9 ord] to m9imize ! possibility ( loss & to assure /able bus9ess4 ,"o %\ld /udy ! situation c>efully bo? f ! manufactur+ & m>ket+ /&po9ts4 ,plan ! season's campaign be=e tak+ up ! "w1 & d n let ! en?usiasm ( ! beg9n] int]f]e ) good bus9ess judgm5t4 ,! sell+ :5 rightly manag$ c be made a successful bus9ess or x c be turn$ into a liability ?r\gh c>eless1 unbus9esslike me?ods & insuffici5t or unwise plann+4 ,prop]ly h&l$ x w pay well = ! inve/m5t ( "t & money1 & (f] opportunity = ! disposal ( surplus home-cann$1 home-gr[n1 homemade & home-prep>$ products ( all k9ds4 ,,liv+ ,,up ,,to ,,contracts ,c>e mu/ be tak5 n to contract = m ?an c be deliv]$4 ,?is w\ld be bad bus9ess1 & bus9ess pr9ciples mu/ gov]n 9 sell+ home products j z 9 o!r ent]prises if "o is to be increas+ly successful f ye> to ye>4 ,occasionally a quantity ( fruit :i* w n meet ! rigid requirem5ts ( ! cann+ bus9ess c be turn$ into pres]ves1 jellies or fruit juices4 ,pres]ves & jellies %\ld be m>ket$ 9 glass1 & fruit juices 9 bottles1 al?\gh "s manufactur]s are n[ m>ket+ "s ( ^! products 9 fib] cups4 ,?is l9e ( products w require "s additional equipm5t1 b !re is a /eady dem& = su* homemade ?+s & _m wom5 are d]iv+ pr(its ?r\gh ! sale ( _! ta/ily prep>$ jellies1 j z pickles & condim5ts h l9$ ! pocketbooks ( ambiti\s h\sewives be=e n[4 ,home cann+ = ! m>ket is ess5tially a matt] ( specializ+ & ( giv+ ! consum] a bett] product ?an he is accu/om$ to pur*ase4 ,too mu* emphasis _c be plac$ ^u ! ma9t5ance ( a high /&>d = home-cann$ goods4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 t e j> measures up to a rigid /&>d1 = a s+le "o :i* falls bel[ grade w neutralize ! reputation & /&+ obta9$ by ! sale ( a doz5 j>s ( p]fect product4 ,a quality is necess>y :i* w w>rant a money-back gu>antee on e j>4 ,,! ,,use ,,( ,,labels ,,9 ,,cann+ ,labels = bo? t9 cans & glass j>s %\ld tell ! tru? z to ! quality1 weight & k9d ( product )9 ! pack4 ,be=e adopt+ a trade-m>k & label1 consult ! ,bureau ( ,*emi/ry1 ,u4,s4 ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c41 z to label requirem5ts = cann$ goods prep>$ = ! m>ket4 ,x pays to %[ samples ( all y\r cann$ goods at c\nty & /ate fairs4 ,y may w9 _m premiums4 ,goods :i* are cann$ ) pres]vatives %\ld be deb>r$ f all exhibits4 ,,pack+ ,,glass ,,= ,,%ipp+ ,wrap ea* glass or j> sep>ately 9 rumpl$ newspap]s or excelsior & pack 9 b>rels or boxes4 ,l9e ^! conta9]s ) pap]s or excelsior4 ,/rong corrugat$ p>cel po/ boxes c be obta9$ = ?is purpose4 ,wrap ea* j> ) excelsior or pap] be=e putt+ x 9 its prop] section4 ,if s5d+ l>ge am\nts s5d all boxes or all b>rels1 d n mix !m1--s5d+ half b>rels & half boxes--z l>ge conc]ns l uni=m packages4 ,,pack+ ,,t9 ,,= ,,%ipp+ ,two doz5 cans is ! regulation %ipp+ case4 ,h ! %ipp+ boxes ( uni=m size4 ,put ! two doz5 cans 9 ! box & nail on ! top4 ,be exce$+ly c>eful n to drive nails into ! cans4 ,on bo? ends ( ! box pa/e labels su* z are on ! cans1 tell+ :at ! cont5ts ( ! box are4 ,address ! box c>efully us+ m>k+ ink or a regulation tag4 ,if a tag1 tack ) small tacks on ! top ( ! box4 ,write y\r own "n & address on ! tag di/9ctly z ! s5d]4 ,be z c>eful ( ! tacks z y 7 ( ! nails4 ,always get a receipt f y\r express ag5t if %ipp+ by express z ?is w be necess>y 9 case ( non-receipt ( goods4 ,s5d to ! conc]n or individual to :om y are s5d+ ! goods a li/ ( ! ?+s y h s5t4 ,?is is call$ an invoice4 ,keep a copy ( ! invoice = y\rself s if any "q arises y w "k :at y are talk+ ab\t4 ,,%ipp+ ,,t]ms ,c4,o4,d4 means collect on deliv]y4 ,! pur*as] pays ! price ( ! products to ! transportation company be=e !y are deliv]$4 ,f4,o4,b4 means free on bo>d4 ,= in/ance3 if y s5d a %ipm5t ( cann$ goods to ,*icago at #f4jj p] case f4o4b4 ,*>les ,city x means t y deliv] ! cann$ goods to ! freight depot at ,*>les ,city & ! pur*as] pays bo? ! price p] case & ! freight4 ,if y deliv] !m f4o4b4 ,*icago x means y deliv] !m to ! freight depot at ,*>les ,city & also pay ! freight to ,*icago4 ,bill ( ,lad+ ) ,sight ,draft ,atta*$ is a call = ! money be=e ! pur*as] c take ! products f ! freight (fice4 ,drop ,%ipm5t4 ,if a :olesale firm reque/s t y %ip direct to ano!r firm buy+ f him1 ?us avoid+ two %ipm5ts1 ?is is call$ a drop %ipm5t4 ,lot ,%ipm5t4 ,if y %ip two or m b>rels or cases z a lot %ipm5t to ! same de/9ation !y may be s5t at a *eap] rate ?an if ea* 7 %ipp$ sep>ately4 ,,li/ ,,( ,,firms ,,furni%+ ,,supplies ,,= ,,cann+1 ,,dry+1 ,,pres]v+1 ,,etc ,,home ,,& ,,club ,,co,,p]ative ,,cann+ ,,outfits ,,& ,,devices ,butl] ,manufactur+ ,co4 ,kansas ,city1 ,mo41 & ,hot wat] & /eam ,m9neapolis1 ,m9n4 pressure cann]s4 ,c>ol9a ,metal ,products ,co4 ,wilm+ton1 ,n4,c4 ,h4,p4 ,*&lee ,sons ,co41 ,baltimore1 ,md4 ,hot wat] cann]s4 ,f>m ,cann+ ,ma*9e ,co4 ,m]idian1 ,miss4 ,favorite ,manufactur+ ,co4 ,tamps1 ,florida ,wat]-seal cann]s4 ,florida ,metal ,products ,jacksonville1 ,fla4 ,wat]-seal cann]s4 ,griffi? ,turn] ,co4 #bje-bjg ,n4 ,pace ,/41 ,/eam cann]s4 ,baltimore1 ,md4 ,halftime ,cook] ,co4 #geef ,oglesby ,av5ue1 ,pressure cann]s4 ,*icago1 ,ill4 ,hall ,cann] ,co4 ,gr& ,rapids1 ,mi*4 ,hot wat] ba? cann]s4 ,h5n+] ,ayes ,mfg4 ,co #hj-hb ,n4 #e? ,/reet1 ,/eam pressure ,portl&1 ,ore4 cann]s4 ,home ,cann] ,manufactur+ ,hickory1 ,n4,c4 ,hot wat] cann]s4 ,co4 ,e4,f4 ,kirwan ,co4 ,baltimore1 ,md4 ,mod]n ,cann] ,co4 ,*attanooga1 ,t5n4 ,mon>* ,manufactur+ ,co4 ,*attanooga1 ,t5n4 ,nor?we/]n ,/eel ,iron ,eau ,claire1 ,wis4 ,/eam pressure ,wks4 cann]s4 ,phillips ,buttorff ,mfg4 ,na%ville1 ,t5n4 ,hot wat] cann]s4 ,co4 ,pressure ,cook] ,co4 ,d5v]1 ,colo4 ,alum9um /eam pressure cook]s & cann]s4 ,t4,h4 ,raney ,*apel ,hill1 ,n4,c4 ,hot wat] cann]s4 ,a4,k4 ,rob9s ,co4 ,baltimore1 ,md4 ,/eam pressure cann]s ,royal ,supply ,co4 ,c9c9nati1 ,ohio ,/eam process cann]s4 ,s\!rn ,cann] & ,*attanooga1 ,t5n4 ,hot wat] cann]s ,evaporator ,co4 ,sprague ,cann+ ,ma*9]y #bbb ,no4 ,waba% ,ave41 ,/eam pressure ,co4 ,*icago1 ,ill4 cann]s4 ,f4,s4 ,/ahl #bab ,n4 #d? ,/reet1 ,hot wat] cann]s4 ,qu9cy1 ,ill4 ,/&>d ,wat]-,seal ,cann] #ag ,n4 #bnd ,/reet1 ,wat]-seal cann]s4 ,co4 ,philadelphia1 ,pa4 ,utility ,company ,hickory1 ,n4,c4 ,hot wat] cann]s4 ,willson ,cann] ,company ,l\isville1 ,ky41 & ,wat]-seal & ,no4 #h ,g ,/41 ,n4,w4 pressure cann]s4 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c4 ,,home ,,evaporators1 ,,dry]s1 ,,& ,,equipm5t ,,= ,,dry+ ,am]ican ,p>+ ,ma*9e ,co #abca ,call[hill ,/41 ,philadelphia1 ,pa4 ,peel] ,h>ry ,b5tz ,eng9e]+ ,co4 #ij ,we/ ,/41 ,new ,york ,city ,dry] ,g4,s4 ,blakekslee ,company1 #bhjf ,qu9n ,/41 ,*icago1 ,ill4 ,h4,p4 ,*&lee ,sons ,co41 ,baltimore1 ,md4 ,ent]prise ,mfg4 ,co41 #crd & ,dauph9 ,/s41 ,philadelphia1 ,pa4 ,slic] ,edw4 ,b4 ,fahrney1 ,waynesboro1 ,pa4 ,gordon ,eng9e]+ ,corporaton #ci ,cortl&t ,/41 ,new ,york ,city ,! ,grange ,sales ,association1 ,lafayette ,bldg41 ,philadelphia1 ,pa4 ,hunt] ,dry ,kiln ,co4 ,indianapolis1 ,ind4 ,dry] ,imp]ial ,ma*9e ,company1 #ajh ,we/ #cd? ,/41 ,n4,y4 ,city ,cub] ,lake ,breeze ,motor ,co41 #efd ,w4 ,monroe ,/41 ,*icago ,dry] ,philadelphia ,dry+ ,ma*9]y ,/ekley ,/41 above ,we/morel&1 ,co4 ,philadelphia1 ,pa4 ,philadelphia ,textile ,ma*9]y ,six? ,/4 & ,tabor ,road1 ,co4 ,philadelphia1 ,pa4 ,phillips ,buttorff ,mfg4 ,co41 ,na%ville1 ,t5n4 ,john ,e4 ,smi?'s ,sons ,co41 ,buffalo1 ,n4,y4 ,cub] ,s\!rn ,evaporator ,co41 ,*attanooga1 ,t5n4 ,f4,s4 ,/ahl1 #bab ,n4 #d? ,/41 ,qu9cy1 ,ill4 ,n4,r4 ,/reet] ,company1 ,ro*e/]1 ,n4,y4 ,dry] ,n4,r4 ,/reet] ,co41 ,ro*e/]1 ,n4,y4 ,b4,f4 ,/urtevant ,company1 ,hyde ,p>k ,di/41 ,bo/on1 ,mass4 ,peel] ,/utzman ,mfg4 ,company1 ,ligoni]1 ,ind4 ,h4,g4,w4 ,"y ,co41 #fa ,hanov] ,/41 ,bo/on1 ,mass4 ,cub] ,,me*anical ,,seals ,,& ,,seal]s ,,= ,,t9 ,,& ,,glass ,am]ican ,metal ,cap ,co41 ,summit ,/4 & ,comm]cial ,:>f1 ,brooklyn1 ,n4,y4 ,metal bottle caps4 ,am]ican ,pure ,food ,process ,co41 ,gre5m\nt ,av5ue & ,pre/on ,/41 ,baltimore1 ,md4 ,me*anical seal] = glass j>s4 ,b[]s ,c ,seal ,company1 #adf ,summ] ,/41 ,bo/on1 ,mass4 ,automatic c seal]s = t9 cans4 ,burpe ,c ,seal] ,co41 #bae ,w4 ,huron ,/41 ,*icago4 ,t9 c seal] & op5]4 ,columbia ,specialty ,co41 ,baltimore1 ,md4 ,metal bottle caps4 ,cr[n ,cork & ,seal ,co41 ,baltimore1 ,*icago1 ,san ,francisco1 & o!r cities ,sanit>y metal bottle caps & seal]s4 ,! ,ent]prise ,mfg4 ,co41 ,philadelphia1 ,pa4 ,bottle capp]s f #c 94 to #ad 94 ,fraz] ,co41 ,me*anical h& seal] = sanit>y #ej ,*ur* ,/reet1 ,new ,york ,city cans4 ,h5n+] ,ayes ,mfg4 ,co41 #dg #a/ ,/reet1 ,portl&1 ,ore4 ,automatic c seal]s = t9 cans4 ,/ates ,metals ,co41 ,h& seal]s = sanit>y cans4 #cj ,*ur* ,/reet1 ,new ,york ,city ,,/eam]s ,alum9um ,cook+ ,ut5sil ,co4 ,new ,k5s+ton1 ,pa4 ,tol$o ,cook] ,co4 ,tol$o1 ,ohio4 ,wilmot1 ,ca/le ,co4 ,ro*e/]1 ,n4,y4 ,,heat+ ,,devices1 ,,lift+ ,,crates1 ,,& ,,o!r ,,labor-,,sav+ ,,devices ,l4,b4 ,all5 ,co4 #deag ,no4 ,l9coln ,/41 ,*icago1 ,ill4 ,comm]cial flux4 ,biddle-,gaum] ,co4 ,philadelphia1 ,pa4 ,pat5t cann]s4 ,h4,p4 ,*&lee ,sons ,co4 ,baltimore1 ,md4 ,fagley ,halp5 ,philadelphia1 ,pa4 ,h&y ,mfg4 ,co4 ,m>itime ,bldg41 ,seattle ,wa%41 & ,individual j> hold]s4 #bjh ,no4 ,waba% ,ave41 ,*icago1 ,ill4 ,k]r ,glass ,mfg4 ,co4 ,s& ,spr+s1 ,okla4 ,duplex =k4 ,mann+1 ,b[man ,co4 ,m]id51 ,conn4 ,al*olite /oves4 ,p>k] ,wire ,goods ,co4 ,worce/]1 ,mass4 ,lift+ tray = j>s4 ,pe>ce ,co4 ,albion1 ,mi*4 ,racks & lift]s4 ,w4,h4 ,s*aef] ,co4 ,tol$o1 ,ohio4 ,fruit j> wr5*4 ,,labels1 ,,/ick]s1 ,,%ields ,,& ,,badges ,camd5 ,curta9 & ,embroid]y ,co ,camd51 ,new ,j]sey4 ,r4,p4 ,cl>ke ,co4 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c4 ,d5nison ,mfg4 ,co4 ,bo/on1 ,mass4 ,u4,s4 ,pr9t+ & ,li?ograph ,co4 ,c9c9nati1 ,ohio4 ,,t9 ,,cans ,,& ,,glass ,,j>s ,am]ican ,c ,co4 ,new ,york ,city4 ,t9 cans4 ,ball ,bros4 ,glass ,mfg4 ,co4 ,muncie1 ,ind4 ,screw top & glass-top j>s ,b5 ,s*loss ,san ,francisco1 ,cal4 ,glass j>s4 ,buck ,glass ,co4 ,baltimore1 ,md4 ,glass j>s4 ,*esapeake ,glass ,co4 ,baltimore1 ,md4 ,glass j>s4 ,cont95tal ,c ,co4 ,*icago1 ,ill4 ,t9 cans4 ,fraz] ,co4 #ej ,*ur* ,/41 ,n4,y4,c4 ,sanit>y cans4 ,hazel-,atlas ,glass ,co4 ,:eel+1 ,w4 ,va4 ,glass-top j>s4 ,johnson-,morse ,c ,co4 ,:eel+1 ,w4 ,va4 ,t9 cans4 ,ke>ns-,gorsu* ,bottle ,co4 ,zanesville1 ,ohio4 ,glass j>s4 ,k]r ,glass ,mfg4 ,co4 ,s& ,spr+s1 ,okla4 ,suction seal & ,mason j>s4 ,e4,f4 ,kirwan ,co4 ,baltimore1 ,md4 ,t9 cans4 ,a4,k4 ,rob9s ,co4 ,baltimore1 ,md4 ,t9 cans & g5]al equipm5t4 ,s*ramm ,glass ,mfg4 ,co4 ,/4 ,l\is1 ,mo4 ,suction seal & screw top j>s4 ,smalley ,fruit ,j> ,co4 #bf ,dock ,sq41 ,bo/on1 ,glass-top j>s4 ,mass4 ,s\!rn ,c ,co4 ,baltimore1 ,md4 ,t9 cans4 ,f4,s4 ,/ahl ,qu9cy1 ,ill4 ,/aunton ,j> ,corporation ,ellicott ,sq1 ,buffalo1 ,vacuum seal j>s4 ,n4,y4 ,unit$ ,/ates ,c ,co4 ,c9c9nati1 ,ohio ,t9 cans4 ,virg9ia ,c ,co4 ,bu*anan1 ,va4 ,:eel+ ,c ,co4 ,:eel+1 ,w4,va4 ,,rubb] ,,r+s ,,= ,,cold-,,pack ,,cann+ ,acme ,rubb] ,co4 ,tr5ton1 ,n4,j4 ,bo/on ,wov5 ,hose ,rubb] ,co4 ,bo/on1 ,mass4 ,unit$ ,/ates ,rubb] ,co4 ,clevel&1 ,ohio4 ,,glass ,,bottles ,,& ,,o!r ,,conta9]s ,,= ,,fruit ,,juices1 ,,catsup1 ,,etc4 ,adams ,bro!rs ,co4 ,*icago1 ,ill4 ,atlantic ,bottle ,co4 #ij ,we/ ,broadway1 ,n4,y4 ,city4 ,b]ney-,bond ,glass ,co4 ,brad=d1 ,pa4 ,cape ,may ,glass ,co4 ,cape ,may ,c\rt ,h\se1 ,n4,j4 ,cumb]l& ,glass ,mfg4 ,co4 ,bridgeton1 ,n4,j4 ,! ,f$]al ,glass ,co4 ,columbus1 ,ohio ,c4,l4 ,flaccus ,glass ,co4 ,pittsburgh1 ,pa4 ,gl5%aw ,glass ,co4 ,gl5%aw1 ,pa4 ,c4,c4 ,goss ,glass ,co41 ,mfg4 ,agts4 #agb ,fulton ,/41 ,new ,york ,city4 ,hock+ ,glass ,co4 ,lanca/]1 ,ohio4 ,imp]ial ,glass ,co4 ,*>l]oi1 ,pa4 ,indiana ,glass ,co4 ,dunkirk1 ,ind4 ,d4,c4 ,j5k9s ,glass ,co4 ,kokomo1 ,ind4 ,ke>ns-,gorsu* ,bottle ,co4 ,zanesville1 ,ohio4 ,nor? ,:eel+ ,glass ,bottle ,co4 ,:eel+1 ,w4,va4 ,ripley ,co4 ,connellsville1 ,pa4 ,s*ramm ,glass ,mfg4 ,co4 ,/4 ,l\is1 ,mo4 ,%effield ,glass ,bottle ,co4 ,%effield1 ,pa4 ,! ,/]l+ ,glass ,co4 ,lapel1 ,ind4 ,turn] ,bro!rs ,co4 ,t]re ,haute1 ,ind4 ,unit$ ,/ates ,glass ,co4 ,salem1 ,n4,j4 ,upl& ,fl9t ,bottle ,co4 ,upl&1 ,ind4 ,we/]n ,bottle ,mfg4 ,co4 ,we/ end ,r&olph ,/4 ,bridge1 ,*icago1 ,ill4 ,:itall-,tatum ,co4 #daj-daf ,race ,/41 ,philadelphia1 ,pa4 ,wightman ,bottle ,glass ,mfg4 ,co4 ,p>k]s ,l&+1 ,pa4 ,william/[n ,glass ,co4 ,william/[n1 ,n4,j4 ,woodbury ,glass ,co4 ,w9*e/]1 ,ind4 ,,glass ,,bottles ,,seal$ ,,) ,,corks ,,& ,,metal ,,caps ,acme ,glass ,co4 ,olean1 ,n4,y4 ,b+hamton ,glass ,co4 ,b+hamton1 ,n4,y4 ,c4,l4 ,flaccus ,glass ,co4 ,pittsburgh1 ,pa4 ,hazel-,atlas ,glass ,co4 ,:eel+1 ,w4,va4 ,imp]ial ,glass ,co4 ,*>l]oi1 ,pa4 ,jeanette ,glass ,co4 ,jeanette1 ,pa4 ,ke>ns-,gorsu* ,bottle ,co4 ,zanesville1 ,ohio4 ,nor? ,baltimore ,bottle ,glass ,co4 ,t]re ,haute1 ,ind4 ,turn] ,bro!rs ,co4 ,t]re ,haute1 ,ind4 ,:itney ,glass ,works ,glassboro1 ,n4,j4 ,,e>!nw>e ,,& ,,/onew>e ,,conta9]s ,buckel ,pott]y ,co4 ,:ite ,hall1 ,ill4 ,buckeye ,pott]y ,co4 ,macomb1 ,ill4 ,burley & ,w9t] ,pott]y ,co4 ,crooksville1 ,ohio4 ,haw?orn ,pott]y ,co4 ,haw?orn1 ,pa4 ,logan ,pott]y ,co4 ,logan1 ,ohio ,l\isville ,pott]y ,co4 ,l\isville1 ,ky4 ,musk+um ,pott]y ,co4 ,:ite ,cottage1 ,ohio4 ,na%ville ,pott]y ,co4 ,na%ville1 ,t5n4 ,nelson ,mc,cly ,sanit>y ,h>dw>e ,co4 ,roseville1 ,ohio4 ,paducah ,pott]y ,co4 ,paducah1 ,ky4 ,pfaltz>aff ,pott]y ,co4 ,york1 ,pa4 ,ransbottom ,bros41 ,pott]y ,co4 ,roseville1 ,ohio4 ,r$ ,w+ ,union ,/onew>e ,co4 ,r$ ,w+1 ,m9n4 ,/> ,/onew>e ,co4 ,crooksville1 ,ohio4 ,uhl ,pott]y ,co4 ,evansville1 ,ind4 ,we/]n ,/onew>e ,co4 ,monm\?1 ,ill4 ,:ite ,hall ,sew] ,pipe ,/onew>e ,co4 ,:ite ,hall1 ,ill4 ,,fibre ,,& ,,pap] ,,cans ,,& ,,bottles ,am]ican ,c ,co4 #ddg ,w4 #ad?1 ,new ,york ,city1 & ,*icago1 ,ill4 ,! ,am]ican ,pap] ,c ,co4 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c4 ,! ,cani/] ,company ( ,new ,j]sey ,phillipsburg1 ,n4,j4 ,cont95tal ,pap] ,bag ,co4 #ag ,batt]y ,place1 ,new ,york ,city4 ,cordley ,hayes #g-i ,leon>d ,/41 ,new ,york ,city4 ,! ,empire ,pap] ,tube & ,box ,co4 #aee ,bank ,/41 ,new ,york ,city4 ,! ,hygeia ,pap] ,conta9] ,co4 #bajf ,auburn ,ave41 ,tol$o1 ,ohio4 ,moi/ure ,pro( ,fibre ,c ,co4 ,detroit1 ,mi*4 ,mono-,s]vice ,co4 ,new>k1 ,n4,j4 ,samuel ,w4 ,moore ,sons #ie ,lib]ty ,/41 ,new ,york ,city4 ,national ,pap] ,c ,co4 #egf ,cl9ton ,/41 ,milwaukee1 ,wis4 ,national ,pap] ,products ,co4 ,san ,francisco1 ,cal4 ,pure ,food ,package ,co4 #bjj ,devon%ire ,/41 ,bo/on1 ,mass4 ,! ,purity ,pap] ,bottle ,co41 ,inc4 #acda ,s4 ,capitol ,/41 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c4 ,w4,c4 ,rit*ie ,co4 #djj ,s4 ,gre5 ,/41 ,*icago1 ,ill4 ,sanit>y ,pap] ,bottle ,co4 ,s&usky1 ,ohio4 ,s+le ,s]vice ,package ,corp4 ( ,am]ica #cbf ,hudson ,/41 ,new ,york ,city4 ,/4 ,l\is ,pap] ,c ,tube ,co4 #ddjj ,union ,b\lev>d1 ,/4 ,l\is1 ,mo4 ,! ,/&>d ,package ,co4 #ej ,/ate ,/41 ,bo/on1 ,mass4 ,wa%+ton ,pap] ,c ,co4 #dbe #ab? ,/41 ,n4,w41 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c4 ,weis ,fibre ,conta9] ,corporation ,monroe1 ,mi*4 ,,foil-,,l9$ ,,pap] ,,bags ,?omas ,m4 ,royal ,co4 ,bryn ,mawr1 ,pa4 ,,deliv]y ,,conta9]s ,,= ,,eggs1 ,,vegetables1 ,,dri$ ,,food ,,products1 ,,etc4 ,bloom] ,bros4 ,co4 ,new>k1 ,new ,york4 ,doane ,c>ton ,co4 #ibj ,n4 ,m>ket ,/41 ,/4 ,l\is1 ,mo4 ,h9de ,dau* ,pap] ,co4 ,s&usky1 ,ohio4 ,mono-,s]vice ,co4 ,new>k1 ,n4,j4 ,national ,pap] ,products ,co4 ,san ,francisco1 ,cal4 ,?omas ,m4 ,royal ,co4 ,bryn ,mawr1 ,pa4 ,w4,a4 ,s*urmann ,co4 #cfe ,e4 ,ill4 ,/41 ,*icago1 ,ill4 ,sefton ,mfg4 ,co4 #acja ,w4 #ce? ,/41 ,*icago1 ,ill4 ,?ompson ,norris ,co4 ,brooklyn1 ,n4,y4 ,unit$ ,/ates ,corrugat$ ,fibre ,box ,co4 ,roosevelt ,ave41 ,indianapolis1 ,ind4 ,weis ,fibre ,conta9] ,corporation ,monroe1 ,mi*4 ,,p>cel ,,po/ ,,egg ,,conta9]s ,o4,b4 ,&rews ,co4 ,*attanooga1 ,t5n4 ,h4,k4 ,brunn] #de ,h>rison ,/41 ,new ,york ,city4 ,j4,c4 ,bulis ,mfg4 ,co4 #aabb-bh ,s4 #ab? ,/41 ,/ ,l\is1 ,mo4 ,cont95tal ,pap] ,bag ,co4 #ag ,batt]y ,place1 ,new ,york ,city4 ,cumm] ,mfg4 ,co4 ,cadillac1 ,mi*4 ,day ,collapsible ,box ,co41 ,inc4 ,wa%+ton ,grove1 ,md4 ,empire ,pr9t+ ,box ,co4 ,atlanta1 ,ga4 ,f4,b4 ,fo/] ,c o4 #bddg ,locu/ ,/41 ,philadelphia1 ,pa4 ,rob]t ,gair ,co4 ,brooklyn1 ,n4,y4 ,h9de ,dau* ,pap] ,co4 ,s&usky1 ,ohio4 ,ohio ,no-,break ,c>ri] ,co4 #gjb ,m]cantile ,libr>y ,bldg41 ,c9c9nati1 ,ohio4 ,sefton ,mfg4 ,corporation #acja ,w4 #ce? ,/41 ,*icago1 ,ill4 ,self-,lock+ ,c>ton ,co4 #dcg ,e4 ,ill9ois ,/41 ,*icago1 ,ill4 ,?ompson ,norris ,co4 ,concord ,pr9ce ,/s41 ,brooklyn1 ,n4,y4 ,bo/on1 ,mass41 & ,brookville1 ,ind4 ,u4,s4 ,safety ,egg ,c>ri] ,co4 ,new>k1 ,n4,y4 ,wallace ,egg ,c>ri] ,co4 #dea #crd ,/41 ,san ,francisco1 ,cal4 ,,miscellane\s ,,corrugat$ ,,bo>d ,,conta9]s ,am]ican ,c ,co4 ,new ,york ,city & ,*icago1 ,ill4 ,j4,c4 ,bulis ,mfg4 ,co4 #aabb-bh ,s4 #ab? ,/41 ,/4 ,l\is1 ,mo4 ,empire ,pr9t+ ,box ,co4 ,atlanta1 ,ga4 ,f$]al ,glass ,co4 ,columbus1 ,ohio ,rob]t ,gair ,co4 ,brooklyn1 ,n4,y4 ,h9de ,dau* ,pap] ,co4 ,s&usky1 ,ohio ,national ,pap] ,products ,co4 ,san ,francisco1 ,cal4 ,sefton ,mfg4 ,corporation #acja ,w4 #ce? ,/41 ,*icago1 ,ill4 ,?ompson ,norris ,co4 ,concord & ,pr9ce ,/s41 ,brooklyn1 ,n4,y4 ,bo/on1 ,mass41 & ,brookville1 ,ind4 ,u4,s4 ,corrugat$ ,fibre ,box ,co4 #acae ,m>t9dale ,ave41 ,indianapolis1 ,ind4 ,,!rmomet]s ,,= ,,ov51 ,,c&y ,,& ,,sug> ,taylor ,in/rum5t ,companies ,ro*e/]1 ,n4,y4