,,cactus ,,culture ,,= ,,amateurs3 ,,be+ ,,descriptions ,,( ,,! ,,v>i\s ,,cactuses ,,gr[n ,,9 ,,?is ,,c\ntry4 ) ,,full ,,& ,,practical ,,in/ructions ,,= ,,_! ,,successful ,,cultivation4 ,by ,w4 ,,watson1 ,assi/ant ,curator ( ! ,royal ,botanic ,g>d5s1 ,kew4 ,,pr(usely ,,illu/rat$4 ,,london3 ,l4 ,,upcott ,,gill1 #agj1 ,,/r&1 ,w4,c4 #ahhi4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #a4--;,a ,,collection ,,( ,,cactuses4 ,frontispiece4 ,,preface ,! idea t ,cactuses 7 seldom se5 9 ,engli% g>d5s1 because s little 0 kn[n ab\t _! cultivation & managem5t1 sugge/$ to ! ,publi%] ( ?is book t a s]ies ( *apt]s on ! be/ k9ds1 & h[ to gr[ !m successfully1 w\ld be useful4 ,^! *apt]s 7 writt5 = & publi%$ 9 ,! ,baza>1 9 #ahhe & foll[+ ye>s4 ,"s alt]ations & additions h be5 made1 & ! :ole is n[ (f]$ z a ?or\ghly practical & descriptive "w on ! subject4 ,! descriptions are z simple & complete z !y c\ld be made2 ! names "h us$ are ^? adopt$ at ,kew2 & ! cultural directions are z full & detail$ z is necess>y4 ,no species or v>iety is omitt$ :i* is kn[n to be 9 cultivation1 or ( suffici5t int]e/ to be introduc$4 ,! _m excell5t figures ( ,cactuses 9 ! ,botanical ,magaz9e 7,bot4 ,mag47 are ref]r$ to "u ea* species describ$1 except 9 ^? cases :]e a complete figure is giv5 9 ?is book4 ,my claims to be he>d z a tea*] 9 ?is dep>tm5t are bas$ on an exp]i5ce ( t5 ye>s 9 ! c>e & cultivation ( ! l>ge collection ( ,cactuses at ,kew4 ,:atev] ! %ortcom+s ( my %>e ( ! "w may be1 ,i feel c]ta9 t ! num]\s & excell5t illu/rations :i* ! ,publi%] has obta9$ = ?is book _c fail to r5d] x attractive1 &1 let u also hope1 contribute some?+ t[>ds br++ ,cactuses into fav\r ) horticulturi/s1 pr(essional z well z amateur4 ,w4 ,,watson4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,introduction ,,botanical ,,*>act]s ,,cultivation ,,propagation ,,! ,,g5us ,,epiphyllum ,,! ,,g5us ,,phyllocactus ,,! ,,g5us ,,c]eus ,,! ,,g5us ,,e*9ocactus ,,! ,,g5us ,,e*9opsis ,,! ,,g5us ,,melocactus ,,! ,,g5us ,,piloc]eus ,,! ,,g5us ,,mamill>ia ,,! ,,g5us ,,leu*t5b]gia ,,! ,,g5us ,,pelecyphora ,,! ,,g5us ,,opuntia ,,! ,,g5us ,,p]eskia ,,! ,,g5us ,,rhipsalis ,,temp]atures ,,deal]s ,,9 ,,cactuses ,,index ,,( ,,species ,,cactus ,,culture ,,= ,,amateurs ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,introduction4 ,! ,cactus family is n popul> among ,engli% horticulturi/s 9 ^! days1 sc>cely half a doz5 species out ( ab\t a ?\s& kn[n be+ consid]$ good en\gh to be includ$ among fav\rite g>d5 plants4 ,probably five hundr$ k9ds h be51 or are1 9 cultivation 9 ! g>d5s ( ! few speciali/s :o take an int]e/ 9 ,cactuses2 b ^! are practically unkn[n 9 ,engli% horticulture4 ,x is n1 h[ev]1 v _m ye>s ago t !re 0 some?+ l a ,cactus mania1 :5 ri* amateurs vi$ ) ea* o!r 9 procur+ & gr[+ l>ge collections ( ! r>e/ & newe/ k9ds4 ,ab\t ! ye> #ahcj1 ,cacti began to be specially patronis$ by sev]al ri* plant amateurs1 ( :om may be m5tion$ ! ,duke ( ,b$=d1 :o =m$ a f9e collection at ,woburn ,abbey1 ! ,duke ( ,devon%ire1 & ,mr4 ,h>ris1 ( ,k+sbury4 ,mr4 ,palm]1 ( ,%akelwell1 _h become possess$ ( ,mr4 ,hawor?'s collection1 to :i* he greatly add$ by pur*ases2 he1 h[ev]1 f\nd 8 rival 9 ! ,rev4 ,h4 ,williams1 ( ,h5don1 :o =m$ a f9e & select collection1 &1 on acc\nt ( ! eag]ness ( gr[]s to obta9 ! new & r>e plants1 high prices 7 giv5 = !m1 t51 twelve1 & ev5 tw5ty & ?irty gu9eas (t5 be+ giv5 = s+le plants ( ! ,e*9ocactus4 ,?us private collectors 7 induc$ to =w>d f _! native c\ntries--*iefly f ,mexico & ,*ili--ext5sive collections ( ,cacti4 7quot+ ,j4 ,smi?4 ,a4,l4,s41 ex-,curator ( ! ,royal ,g>d5s4 ,kew74 ,?is reads l :at might be writt5 ( ! position held n[ 9 ,engl& by ! ,or*id family1 & :at has be5 writt5 ( ,tulips & o!r plants ^: popul>ity has be5 great at "s "t or o!r4 ,:y h ,cactuses gone out ( fav\r8 ,x is impossible to give any satisfactory answ] to ?is "q4 ,no d\bt !y belong to t class ( objects :i* is only popul> :il/ x pleases ! eye or tickles ! fancy2 & ! eye & ! fancy hav+ tir$ ( x1 look to some?+ diff]5t4 ,! g5]al belief ) respect to ,cactuses is t !y are all want+ 9 beauty1 t !y are rem>kable only 9 t !y are exce$+ly curi\s 9 =m1 & z a rule v ugly4 ,x is true t none ( !m possess any claims to gracefulness ( habit or elegance ( foliage1 su* z are usual 9 popul> plants1 &1 :5 n 9 fl[]1 v few ( ! ,cactuses w\ld answ] to our pres5t ideas ( beauty ) respect to ! plants we cultivate4 ,nev]!less1 ! /ems ( _m ( !m 7see ,frontispiece1 ,fig4 #a7 are peculi>ly attractive on acc\nt ( _! /range1 ev5 fanta/ic1 =ms1 _! sp9y clo?+1 ! abs5ce ( leaves1 except 9 v few cases1 & _! s+ul> mann] ( gr[?4 ,to ! few :o c>e = ,cactuses !re is a great deal ( beauty1 ev5 9 ^! *>act]s1 al?\gh p]haps ! eye has to be educat$ up to x4 ,if ! /ems are m curi\s ?an beautiful1 ! fl[]s ( ! majority ( ! species ( ,cactuses are unsurpass$1 z reg>ds size & =m1 & brilliancy & v>iety 9 col\r1 by any o!r family ( plants1 n ev5 exclud+ ,or*ids4 ,9 size "s ( ! fl[]s equal ^? ( ! ,que5 ( ,wat] ,lilies 7,victoria regia71 :il/ ! col\rs v>y f ! pure/ :ite to brilliant crimson & deep yell[4 ,"s ( !m are also delici\sly fragrant4 ,^? k9ds :i* exp& _! huge blossoms only at night are p>ticul>ly int]e/+2 & 9 ! e>ly days ( ,cactus culture ! fl[]+ ( "o ( ^! 0 a great ev5t 9 ,engli% g>d5s4 ,( ! _m collections ( ,cactuses =m$ _m ye>s ago 9 ,engl&1 t at ,kew is ! only "o t /ill exi/s4 ,?is collection has always be5 ri* 9 ! numb] ( species x conta9$2 at ! pres5t "t ! numb] ( k9ds cultivat$ !re is ab\t #ejj4 ,mr4 ,peacock1 ( ,hamm]smi?1 also has a l>ge collection ( ,cactuses1 _m ( :i* he has at v>i\s times exhibit$ 9 public places1 su* z ! ,cry/al ,palace1 & ! l>ge cons]vatory atta*$ to ! ,royal ,horticultural ,society's ,g>d5s at ,s\? ,k5s+ton4 ,o!r small] collections are cultivat$ 9 ! ,botanic ,g>d5s at ,ox=d1 ,cambridge1 ,glasnev91 & ,ed9burgh4 ,a great po9t 9 fav\r ( ! plants ( ! ,cactus family = g>d5s ( small size1 & ev5 = w9d[ g>d5+--a mode/ phase ( plant culture :i* has made mu* progress 9 rec5t ye>s--is ! simpl5ess ( _! requirem5ts "u cultivation4 ,no plants give s mu* pleasure 9 return = s small an am\nt ( att5tion z d ^!4 ,_! peculi>ly t\gh-sk9n$ succul5t /ems enable !m to g = an extraord9>y l5g? ( "t )\t wat]2 inde$1 x may be said t ! treatm5t mo/ suitable = _m ( !m dur+ ! great] portion ( ! ye> is su* z w\ld be fatal to mo/ o!r plants4 ,cactuses are *ildr5 ( ! dry b>r5 pla9s & m\nta9 sides1 liv+ :]e sc>cely any o!r =m ( vegetation c\ld f9d n\ri%m5t1 & ?riv+ ) ! scor*+ heat ( ! sun ov] _! heads1 & _! roots buri$ 9 ! dry1 hungry soil1 or rocks :i* af=d !m an*orage & food4 ,9 beauty & v>iety ( fl[]s1 9 ! rem>kable =ms ( _! /ems1 9 ! simple nature ( _! requirem5ts1 & 9 ! o!r po9ts ( special int]e/ :i* *>act]ise ?is family1 & :i* supply ! cultivator & /ud5t ) an unfail+ s\rce ( pleasure & in/ruction1 ! ,cactus family is peculi>ly ri*4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,botanical ,,*>act]s4 ,al?\gh /rictly botanical in=mation may be consid]$ z fall+ outside ! limits ( a treatise int5d$ only = ! cultivator1 yet a %ort acc\nt ( ! pr9cipal *>act]s by :i* ,cactuses are gr\p$ & classifi$ may n be )\t int]e/4 ,f ! s+ul> =m & succul5t nature ( ! :ole ( ! ,cactus family1 x might be inf]r$ t1 9 ^! *>act]s alone1 we h reliable m>ks ( relation%ip1 & t x w\ld be safe to call all ^? plants ,cactuses 9 :i* su* *>act]s are manife/4 ,a glance at "s memb]s ( o!r families w1 h[ev]1 soon %[ h[ easily "o might ?us be mi/ak54 ,9 ! ,euphorbias we f9d a numb] ( k9ds1 especially among/ ^? :i* inhabit ! dry1 s&y pla9s ( ,s\? ,africa1 :i* be> a /rik+ resemblance to _m ( ! ,cactuses1 p>ticul>ly ! column> ones & ! ,rhipsalis4 7,! ,euphorbias all h milk-l sap1 :i*1 on prick+ _! /ems or leaves1 at once exudes & ?us reveals _! true "*4 ,! sap ( ! ,cactuses is wat]y74 ,among/ ,/apelias1 too1 we meet ) plants :i* mimic ! /em *>act]s ( "s ( ! small] k9ds ( ,cactus4 ,aga91 9 ! ,cactuses !mselves we h curi\s cases ( plant mimicry2 z1 = in/ance1 ! ,rhipsalis1 :i* looks l a bun* ( ,mi/letoe1 & ! ,p]eskia1 ! leaves & habit ( :i* are m l :at belong to1 say1 ! ,gooseb]ry family ?an to a =m ( ,cactus4 ,f ?is x w be se5 t al?\gh ^! plants are almo/ all succul5t1 & curi\sly =m$1 !y are by no means s+ul> 9 ?is respect4 ,! *>act]s ( ! ord] are ?us def9$ by botani/s3 ,cactuses are ei!r h]bs1 %rubs1 or trees1 ) s(t fle% & copi\s wat]y juice4 ,root woody1 bran*+1 ) s(t b>k4 ,/em bran*+ or simple1 r\nd1 angul>1 *annell$1 w+$1 flatt5$1 or cyl9drical2 sometimes clo!d ) num]\s tufts ( sp9es :i* v>y 9 texture1 size1 & =m v consid]ably2 or1 :5 sp9eless1 ! /ems be> num]\s dot-l sc>s1 t]m$ areoles4 ,leaves v m9ute1 or entirely abs5t1 fall+ (f v e>ly1 except 9 ! ,p]eskia & sev]al ( ! ,opuntias1 9 :i* !y are l>ge1 fle%y1 & p]si/5t4 ,fl[]s solit>y1 except 9 ! ,p]eskia1 & borne on ! top or side ( ! /em2 !y are compos$ ( num]\s p>ts or segm5ts2 ! sepals & petals are n easily di/+ui%$ f ea* o!r2 ! calyx tube is jo9$ to1 or comb9$1 ) ! ov>y1 & is (t5 cov]$ ) scale-l sepals & hairs or sp9es2 ! calyx is sometimes p>tly unit$ s z to =m a tube1 & ! petals are spread 9 regul> :orls1 except 9 ! ,epiphyllum4 ,/am5s _m1 spr++ f ! side ( ! tube or ?roat ( ! calyx1 sometimes jo9$ to ! petals1 g5]ally equal 9 l5g?2 an!rs small & oblong4 ,ov>y smoo?1 or cov]$ ) scales & sp9es1 or woolly1 "o-cell$2 /yle simple1 fili=m or cyl9drical1 ) a /igma ( two or m spread+ rays1 ^u :i* are small papillae4 ,fruit pulpy1 smoo?1 scaly1 or sp9y1 ! pulp s(t & juicy1 sweet or acid1 & full ( num]\s small1 usually black1 se$s4 ,tribe ,i4--,calyx tube produc$ beyond ! ,ov>y4 ,/em cov]$ ) ,tub]cles1 or ,ribs1 be>+ ,sp9es4 #a4 ,,melocactus4 ,/em globose2 fl[]s 9 a d5se cap-l head1 compos$ ( lay]s ( bri/ly wool & sl5d] sp9es1 among/ :i* ! small fl[]s are develop$4 ,! cap is p]si/5t1 & increases annually ) ! /em4 #b4 ,,mamill>ia4 ,/ems %ort1 usually globose1 & cov]$ ) tub]cles or mammae1 r>ely ridg$1 ! apex be>+ sp9y cu%ions2 fl[]s mo/ly 9 r+s r\nd ! /em4 #c4 ,,pelecyphora4 ,/em small1 club-%ap$2 tub]cles 9 spiral r[s1 & flatt5$ on ! top1 :]e are two r[s ( %ort scale-l sp9es4 #d4 ,,leu*t5b]gia4 ,/em nak$ at ! base2 tub]cles on ! upp] "p l>ge1 fle%y1 elongat$1 ?ree-angl$1 be>+ at ! apex a tuft ( long1 ?91 gri/le-l sp9es4 #e4 ,,e*9ocactus4 ,/em %ort1 ridg$1 sp9y2 calyx tube ( ! fl[] l>ge1 bell-%ap$2 ov>y & fruit scaly4 #f4 ,,discocactus4 ,/em %ort2 calyx tube ?91 ! ?roat fill$ by ! /am5s2 ov>y & fruit smoo?4 #g4 ,,c]eus4 ,/em (t5 long & erect1 sometimes sc&5t1 bran*+1 ridg$ or angul>2 fl[]s f ! sides ( ! /em2 calyx tube elongat$ & regul>2 /am5s free4 #h4 ,,phyllocactus4 ,/em flatt5$1 jo9t$1 & not*$2 fl[]s f ! sides1 l>ge1 hav+ long1 ?9 tubes & a regul> arrangem5t ( ! petals4 #i4 ,,epiphyllum4 ,/em flatt5$1 jo9t$2 jo9ts %ort2 fl[]s f ! apices ( ! jo9ts2 calyx tube %ort2 petals irregul>1 almo/ bilabiate4 ,tribe ,,ii4--,calyx-tube n produc$ beyond ! ,ov>y4 ,/em bran*+1 jo9t$4 #aj4 ,,rhipsalis4 ,/em ?9 & r\nd$1 angul>1 or flatt5$1 be>+ tufts ( hair :5 "y2 fl[]s small2 petals spread+2 ov>y smoo?2 fruit a small pea-l b]ry4 #aa4 ,,opuntia4 ,/em jo9t$1 jo9ts broad & fle%y1 or r\nd$2 sp9es b>b$2 fl[]s l>ge2 fruit sp9\s1 l>ge1 pe>-l4 #ab4 ,,p]eskia4 ,/em woody1 sp9y1 bran*+ freely2 leaves fle%y1 l>ge1 p]si/5t2 fl[]s m$ium 9 size1 9 panicles on ! ends ( ! bran*es4 ,! above is a key to ! g5]a on ! plan ( ! mo/ rec5t botanical arrangem5t1 b = horticultural purposes x is necess>y t ! two g5]a ,e*9opsis & ,piloc]eus %\ld be kept up4 ,!y come next to ,c]eus1 & are di/+ui%$ z foll[s3 ,,e*9opsis4 ,/em z 9 ,e*9ocactus1 b ! fl[]s are produc$ l[ d[n f ! side ( ! /em1 & ! fl[] tube is long & curv$4 ,,piloc]eus4 ,/em tall1 column>1 be>+ long silky hairs z well z sp9es2 fl[]s 9 a head on ! top ( ! /em1 r>ely produc$4 ,) ! aid ( ?is key anyone ought to be able to make out to :at g5us a p>ticul> ,cactus belongs1 & by ref]r+ to ! descriptions ( ! species1 he may succe$ 9 mak+ out :at ! plant is4 ,= ! classification ( ,cactuses1 botani/s rely ma9ly on _! floral organs & fruit4 ,we may1 !re=e1 take a plant ( ,phyllocactus1 ) :i* mo/ ( u are famili>1 &1 by obs]v+ ! /ructure ( its fl[]s1 obta9 "s idea ( ! botanical *>act]s ( ! :ole ord]4 ,phyllocactus has ?9 woody /ems & bran*es compos$ ( num]\s long leaf-l jo9ts1 gr[+ out ( "o ano!r1 & resembl+ ?ick leaves jo9$ by _! ends4 ,along ! sides ( ^! jo9ts !re are num]\s not*es1 spr++ f :i* are ! l>ge h&some fl[]s4 ,on look+ c>efully1 we p]ceive t ! long /alk-l expansion is n a /alk1 because x is above ! se$ vessel1 :i* is1 ( c\rse1 a portion ( ! fl[] itself4 ,x is a holl[ tube1 & conta9s ! long /yle or connection betwe5 ! se$ vessel & ! /igma1 a 7,fig4 #b74 ,?is tube1 !n1 mu/ be ! calyx1 & ! small scatt]$ scale-l bodies1 b 7,fig4 #b71 :i* clo! ! outside1 are really calyx lobes4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #b4--;,,fl[] ,,( ,,phyllocactus1 ,,cut ,,l5g?wise4 a1 ,calyx ,tube4 b1 ,calyx ,lobes4 c1 ,ditto1 assum+ ! =m ( ,petals4 d1 ,/am5s4 e1 ,/yle4 f1 ,ov>y or ,se$ ,vessel4 ,ne>] ! top ( ! fl[]1 ^! calyx lobes are bett] develop$1 until1 surr\nd+ ! corolla1 we f9d !m assum+ ! =m & appe>ance ( petals1 c 7,fig4 #b74 ,! corolla is compos$ ( a l>ge numb] ( long /rap-%ap$ po9t$ petals1 v ?9 & delicate1 (t5 beautifully col\r$1 & g5]ally spread+ outw>ds4 ,spr++ f ! bases ( ^! petals1 we f9d ! /am5s1 d 7,fig4 #b71 a great numb] ( !m1 =m+ a bun* ( ?reads unequal 9 l5g?1 & be>+ on _! tips ! hay-se$-l an!rs1 :i* are atta*$ to ! ?reads by "o ( _! po9ts4 ,! /yle is a long cyl9drical body1 e 7,fig4 #b71 :i* /ret*es f ! ov>y to ! top ( ! fl[]1 :]e x splits into a head ( spread+ l9e> rays1 94 9 l5g?4 ,:5 ! fl[] )]s1 ! se$ vessel1 f 7,fig4 #b71 rema9s on ! plant & exp&s into a l>ge succul5t fruit1 inside :i* is a mass ( pulpy matt]1 inclos+ ! num]\s1 small1 black1 bony se$s4 ,x mu/ n be suppos$ t all ! g5]a into :i* ,cactuses are divid$ are *>act]is$ by l>ge fl[]s su* z w\ld r5d] _! /udy z easy z ! g5us tak5 z an illu/ration4 ,9 "s1 su* = in/ance z ! ,rhipsalis1 ! fl[]s are small1 & !re=e less easy to dissect ?an ^? ( ,phyllocactus4 ,! /ems ( ,cactuses %[ a v wide range ( v>iation 9 size1 9 =m1 & 9 /ructure4 ,9 size1 we h ! colossal ,c]eus giganteus1 ^: /raight /ems :5 old are z firm z iron1 & rise ) _m asc5d+ arms or re> _! tall leafless trunks l %ips' ma/s to a height ( #fj ft4 or #gj ft4 ,f ?is we desc5d ?r\gh a multitude ( v>i\s %apes & sizes to ! t9y tuft$ ,mamill>ias1 no l>g] ?an a lady's ?imble1 or ! creep+ ,rhipsalis1 :i* lies along ! h>d gr\nd on :i* x gr[s1 & looks l hairy cat]pill>s4 ,9 =m1 ! v>iety is v rem>kable4 ,we h ! ,mi/letoe ,cactus1 ) ! appe>ance ( a bun* ( ,mi/letoe1 b]ries & all2 ! ,?imble ,cactus2 ! ,dumpl+ ,cactus2 ! ,melon ,cactus2 ! ,turk's cap ,cactus2 ! ,rat's-tail ,cactus2 ! ,h$gehog ,cactus2 all hav+ a resemblance to ! ?+s ^: names !y be>4 ,!n !re is ! ,indian ,fig1 ) bran*es l battl$ores1 jo9$ by _! ends2 ! ,epiphyllum & ,phyllocactus1 ) flatt5$ leaf-l /ems2 ! column> sp9y ,c]eus1 ) deeply *annell$ /ems & ! appe>ance ( imm5se c&elabra4 ,totally devoid ( leaves1 & (t5 skeleton-l 9 appe>ance1 ^! plants h a /range look ab\t !m1 :i* is sugge/ive ( "s fossilis$ =ms ( vegetation belong+ to ! pa/ ages ( ! ma/odon1 ! elk1 & ! dodo1 r ?an to ! liv+ ?+s ( to-day4 ,by f> ! great] "p ( ! species ( ,cactuses belong to ! gr\p ) tall or elongat$ /ems4 ,x is wor?y ( rem>k t z ! /ems advance 9 age ! angles fill up1 or ! articulations disappe>1 9 consequ5ce ( ! sl[ gr[? ( ! woody axis & ! gradual developm5t ( ! cellul> sub/ance2 s t1 at ! end ( a numb] ( ye>s1 all ! bran*es ( ,cactuses1 h[ev] angul> or compress$ !y orig9ally may h be51 become trunks t are ei!r p]fectly cyl9drical1 or :i* h sc>cely any visible angles4 ,a second l>ge gr\p is t ( :i* ! ,melon & ,h$gehog ,cactuses are good repres5tatives1 :i* h sph]e-%ap$ /ems1 cov]$ ) /\t sp9es4 ,we h hi!rto spok5 ( ! ,cactuses z be+ )\t leaves1 b ?is is only true ( !m :5 9 an old or fully-develop$ /ate4 ,on _m ( ! /ems we f9d ^u _! surface1 or angles1 small tub]cles1 :i*1 :5 "y1 be> t9y scale-l leaves4 ,^!1 h[ev]1 soon )] & fall (f1 s t1 to all appe>ance1 leaves are nev] pres5t on ^! plants4 ,!re is "o exception1 h[ev]1 9 ! ,b>badoes ,gooseb]ry 7,p]eskia71 :i* be>s true & p]si/5t leaves2 b ^! may be consid]$ anomal\s 9 ! ord]4 ,! t]m succul5t is appli$ to ,cactuses because ( ! l>ge proportion ( cellul> tissue1 i4e41 fle%1 ( _! /ems1 z comp>$ ) ! woody portion4 ,9 "s ( !m1 :5 "y1 ! woody sy/em appe>s to be altoge!r abs5t1 & !y h ! appe>ance ( a mass ( fle%y matt]1 l a vegetable m>r[4 ,?is succul5t mass is protect$ by a t\gh sk91 (t5 ( lea!r-l firmness1 & almo/ )\t ! little p]=ations call$ brea?+ & evaporat+ pores1 :i* 9 o!r plants are v num]\s4 ,?is enables ! ,cactuses to su/a9 )\t suff]+ ! full ard\r ( ! burn+ sun & p>*$-up nature ( ! soil peculi> to ! c\ntries :]e !y are native4 ,nature has end[$ ,cactuses ) a sk9 simil> to :at %e clo!s _m succul5t fruits )1 su* z ! ,apple1 ,plum1 ,pea*1 c41 to :i* ! sun's p[]ful rays are necess>y = _! gr[? & rip5+4 ,! sp9y coat ( ! majority ( ,cactuses is no d\bt int5d$ to s]ve z a protection f ! wild animals inhabit+ ) !m ! /]ile pla9s ( ,am]ica1 & to :om ! cool wat]y fle% ( ! ,cactus w\ld o!rwise fall a prey4 ,inde$1 ^! sp9es are n suffici5t to prev5t "s animals f obta9+ ! wat]y insides ( ^! plants1 = we read t mules & wild horses kick !m op5 & gre$ily dev\r _! succul5t fle%4 ,x has also be5 sugge/$ t ! sp9es are int5d$ to s]ve ! plants z a sort ( %ade f ! p[]ful sun%9e1 z !y (t5 spread ov] & int]lace ab\t ! /ems4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,cultivation4 ,by not+ ! conditions 9 :i* plants are f\nd gr[+ 9 a natural /ate1 we obta9 "s clue to _! successful managem5t1 :5 plac$ "u conditions m or less artificial2 &1 9 ! case ( ,cactuses1 k ( ?is k9d is ( m ?an ord9>y importance4 ,9 ! k t1 ) only "o or two exceptions1 !y w n exi/ 9 any b sunny l&s1 :]e1 dur+ ! great] "p ( ! ye>1 dry wea!r prevails1 we p]ceive :at conditions are likely to suit !m :5 "u cultivation 9 our plant-h\ses4 ,cactuses are all ,am]ican 7us+ ?is t]m = ! :ole ( ! ,new ,_w7 ) only "o or two exceptions 7sev]al species ( ,rhipsalis h be5 f\nd wild 9 ,africa1 ,madagasc>1 & ,ceylon71 &1 broadly speak+1 !y are mo/ly tropical plants1 n-)/&+ ! fact ( _! ext5d+ to ! sn[-l9e on "s ( ! ,&ean ,m\nta9s ( ,*ili1 :]e sev]al species ( ! ,h$gehog ,cactus 7 f\nd by ,humboldt on ! summit ( rocks ^: bases 7 plant$ 9 sn[4 ,9 ,cali=nia1 9 ,mexico & ,texas1 9 ! prov9ces ( ,c5tral & ,s\? ,am]ica1 z f> s\? z ,*ili1 & 9 _m ( ! isl&s contigu\s to ! ma9l&1 ! ,cactus family has become e/abli%$ :]ev] w>m? & dr\ght1 su* z its memb]s delight 91 all[$ !m to get e/abli%$4 ,9 _m ( ! coa/ l&s1 !y occur 9 v l>ge numb]s1 =m+ =e/s ( /range aspect1 & giv+ to ! l&scape a weird1 picturesque appe>ance4 ,humboldt1 9 8 ,views ( ,nature1 says3 ,!re is h>dly any physiognomical "* ( exotic vegetation t produces a m s+ul> & ineffaceable impression on ! m9d ( ! travell] ?an an arid pla91 d5sely cov]$ ) column> or c&elabra-l /ems ( ,cactuses1 simil> to ^? ne> ,cumana1 ,new ,b>celona1 ,cora4 & 9 ! prov9ce ( ,ja5 de ,bracamoros4 ,?is applies also to "s ( ! small isl&s ( ! ,we/ ,indies1 ! hills or m\nta9s ( :i* are cr[n$ ) ^! curi\s-look+ plants1 ^: s+ul> %apes are alone suffici5t to rem9d ! travell] t he has rea*$ an ,am]ican coa/2 = ^! ,cactuses are z peculi> a feature ( ! ,new ,_w z ! ,hea?s are 9 ! ,old1 or z ,eucalypti are 9 ,au/ralia4 ,al?\gh ! ,cactus ord] is1 9 its di/ribution by ,nature1 limit$ to ! regions ( ,am]ica1 yet x is n[ repres5t$ 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! ,old ,_w by plants :i* are app>5tly z wild & z mu* at home z :5 9 _! native c\ntries4 ,! ,indian ,figs are1 p]haps1 ! mo/ widely di/ribut$ ( ,cactuses 9 ! ,old ,_w-a circum/ance due to _! hav+ be5 introduc$ = ! sake ( _! edible fruits1 & m especially = ! cultivation ( ! co*9eal insect4 ,9 v>i\s places along ! %ores ( ! ,m$it]ranean1 & 9 ,s\? ,africa1 & ev5 9 ,au/ralia1 ! ,opuntias h become naturalis$1 & appe> l aborig9al inhabitants4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 only 9 w>m sunny regions t ! naturalisation ( ^! plants is possible4 ,f ^! facts1 we are able to =m "s g5]al idea ( ! conditions suitable = ,cactuses :5 cultivat$ 9 our gre5h\ses2 =1 al?\gh we seldom h1 or c>e to h1 any b dim9utive specim5s ( _m ( ^! plants z comp>$ ) _! appe>ance :5 wild1 yet we "k t ! same conditions z reg>ds heat1 light1 & moi/ure are necess>y = small ,cactuses z = full-gr[n ones4 ,al?\gh ! places 9 :i* ,cactuses naturally ab\nd are1 = ! great] portion ( ! ye>1 v dry & w>m1 heavy ra9s are m or less frequ5t dur+ c]ta9 p]iods1 & ^!1 (t5 accompani$ by extreme w>m? & bright sun%9e1 h an invigorat+ & almo/ =c+ effect on ! gr[? ( ,cactuses4 ,x is dur+ ?is ra9y p]iod t ! :ole ( ! gr[? is made1 & new life is1 z x 71 giv5 to ! plant1 its res]voir-l /ructure enabl+ x to /ore up a l>ge am\nt ( food & moi/ure1 s t on ! return ( dry wea!r ! safety ( ! plant is insur$4 ,x is to ! managem5t ( ,cactuses 9 a small /ate1 su* z is mo/ conv5i5t = our plant-h\ses1 & n to ! cultivation ( ^? colossal species ref]r$ to above1 t ! in/ructions giv5 "h w be = ! mo/ "p devot$2 b1 z 9 ! case ( almo/ e "o ( our cultivat$ plants1 x is important to ! cultivator to "k some?+ ( ! conditions :i* ,nature has provid$ = ,cactuses 9 ^? l&s :]e !y are native4 ,!re is no?+ 9 ! nature or ! requirem5ts ( ,cactuses t %\ld r5d] _! successful managem5t beyond ! means ( anyone :o possesses a small1 heat$ gre5h\se1 or ev5 a w9d[ recess to :i* sunlight c be admitt$ dur+ "s portion ( ! day4 ,9 l>ge e/abli%m5ts1 su* z ,kew1 x is possible to provide a spaci\s h\se specially = ! cultivation ( an ext5sive collection1 :]e _m ( !m may atta9 a good size be=e becom+ too big4 ,& x w be evid5t t :]e a h\se su* z t at ,kew c be af=d$1 mu* m satisfactory results may g5]ally be obta9$1 ?an if plants h to be provid$ = 9 a h\se conta9+ v>i\s o!r plants1 or 9 ! w9d[ ( a dwell+-room4 ,ap>t altoge!r f size1 x is1 h[ev]1 possible to gr[ a collection ( ,cactuses1 & to gr[ !m well1 9 a h\se ( small dim5sions--giv5 ! am\nt ( sunlight & heat :i* are requir$ by ^! plants4 ,we sometimes see ,cactuses--specim5s1 too1 ( *oice & r>e k9ds--:i* h be5 re>$ 9 a cottag]'s w9d[ or 9 a small gre5h\se1 & :i* 9 heal? & beauty h at lea/ equall$ :at has be5 accompli%$ 9 ! mo/ elaborately prep>$ h\ses4 ,x may be said t ^! successes1 "u conditions ( ! mo/ limit$ k9d1 are accid5tal r ?an ! result ( prop]ly und]/ood treatm5t2 b h[ev] !y h be5 br\ght ab\t1 ^! in/ances ( good cultivation are suffici5t to %[ t success is possible1 ev5 :]e ! means are ( ! simple/ or mo/ re/rict$ k9d4 ,:e!r x be 9 a l>ge h\se1 fitt$ ) ! be/ arrangem5ts1 or 9 ! w9d[ ( ! cottag]1 ! conditions ess5tial to ! successful cultivation ( ,cactuses are practically ! same4 ,9 ,w>dian ,cases4--,_m ( our read]s w be acqua9t$ ) ! neat little glass cases1 l gre5h\ses 9 %ape1 & fitt$ up 9 mu* ! same way1 :i* are sometimes to be se5 9 our m>kets1 fill$ ) a collection ( m9iature ,cactuses4 ,to ! pr(essional g>d5]1 ^! cases are play?+s1 & are look$ ^u by him z be>+ ab\t ! same relation to g>d5+ z a *ild's doll's h\se does to h\sekeep+4 ,n-)/&+ ?is1 !y are ! s\rce ( mu* int]e/1 & ev5 ( in/ruction1 to _m ( ! millions to :om a gre5h\se or s]i\s g>d5+ is an impossibility4 ,9 ^! little cases--= :i* we are indebt$ to ,mr4 ,boll]1 a deal] 9 ,cactace\s plants--x is possible to gr[ a collection ( t9y ,cactuses = ye>s1 if only ! op]ations ( wat]+1 pott+1 v5tilat+1 & o!r matt]s connect$ ) ord9>y plant gr[+1 are prop]ly att5d$ to4 ,9 ,w9d[ ,recesses4--,9 ! w9d[ recess l>g] specim5s may be gr[n1 & "h x is possible to gr[ & fl[] successfully _m ( ! plants ( ! ,cactus family4 ,9 a w9d[ ) a s\? aspect1 & :i* lights a room :]e fires are kept1 at lea/ dur+ cold wea!r1 specim5s ( ,phyllocactus1 ,c]eus flagelli=mis1 ,epiphyllum1 &1 9 fact1 ( almo/ e k9d ( ,cactus1 are sometimes to be met ) ev5 9 ,engl&2 :il/ 9 ,g]many !y are z popul> among ! poor] classes z ! ,fu*sia1 ! ,pel>gonium1 & ! ,musk are ) u4 ,"o ( ! commone/ ( ,cactuses 9 ! latt] c\ntry is ! ,rat's-tail ,cactus 7,c]eus flagelli=mis71 & x is no unusual ?+ to see a l>ge w9d[ ( a cottag]'s dwell+ ?ickly drap$ on ! inside ) ! long1 tail-l gr[?s & h&some rose-col\r$ fl[]s ( ?is plant4 ,?is is only "o among doz5s ( species1 all equally useful = w9d[ g>d5+1 & all z int]e/+ & beautiful z ^? above describ$4 ,9 ,gre5h\ses4--,= ! gre5h\se prop]1 ,cactuses are well adapt$1 ei!r z ! sole occupants or z suitable = su* positions z are af=d$ by %elves or baskets plac$ ne> ! ro( glass4 ,if ! gre5h\se is n fitt$ ) heat+ arrangem5ts1 !n1 by select+ only ^? species ( ,cactus t are kn[n to ?rive 9 a position :]e1 dur+ w9t]1 !y are kept safe out ( ! rea* ( fro/ 7( :i* a l>ge numb] are kn[n7 a good collection ( ^! plants may be gr[n4 ,9 heat$ /ructures ! selection ( k9ds may be made accord+ to ! space available1 & to ! conditions "u :i* !y w be expect$ to gr[4 ,fig4 #c repres5ts a section ( a h\se = ,cactuses1 :i* w af=d a good idea ( ! k9d ( /ructure be/ suit$ = !m4 ,! aspect is due s\?4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #c4 ,,section ,,( ,,h\se ,,= ,,cactuses--,a1,a1 ,hot-wat] ,pipes2 ,b1,b1 ,v5tilators4 ,:5 gr[n on _! own roots1 ! ,epiphyllums1 z well z ! p5d5t-gr[+ k9ds ( ,rhipsalis1 & sev]al species ( ,c]eus1 may be plac$ 9 baskets & susp5d$ f ! ro(4 ,! baskets %\ld be l9$ ) ?9 slices ( fibr\s peat1 & ! :ole ( ! middle fill$ ) ! compo/ recomm5d$ = ^! plants "u ,soil4 ,:5 well manag$1 "s v pretty objects are =m$ by ! ,epiphyllums gr[n z basket plants4 ,! climb+ ,cactuses are usually plant$ 9 a little m\nd compos$ ( loam & brick rubble1 & _! /ems ei!r tra9$ along raft]s or all[$ to run up ! back wall ( a gre5h\se1 aga9/ :i* !y root freely1 & are g5]ally capable ( tak+ c>e ( !mselves ) v little att5tion f ! g>d5]4 ,9 ,frames4--,= cultivation 9 frames1 ! conditions are ! same z = gre5h\ses4 ,ev5 :5 gr[n 9 ! latt]1 x w be f\nd conducive to ! heal? & fl[]+ ( ! plants if1 dur+ ! summ] mon?s1 !y c be plac$ 9 a frame ) a s\? aspect1 remov+ !m back to ! h\se aga9 on ! decl9e ( summ] wea!r4 ,:]ev] ! place select$ = ,cactuses may be1 :e!r 9 a l>ge plant-h\se1 or a frame1 or a w9d[1 x is ( vital importance to ! plants t ! position %\ld be expos$ to bright sun%9e dur+ mo/ ( ! day4 ,)\t sunlight1 !y c no m ?rive ?an a ,pel>gonium c\ld )\t wat]4 ,9 ,g]many1 _m gr[]s ( almo/ all ! k9ds ( ,cactuses place _! "y plants 9 frames1 :i* are prep>$ z foll[s3 ,9 ,april or ,may a hot-b$ ( manure & leaves is prep>$1 & a frame plac$ ^u x1 look+ s\?4 ,six in*es ( soil is put on ! top ( ! b$1 & 9 ?is1 z soon z ! temp]ature ( ! b$ has fall5 to ab\t #gj deg41 ! "y plants are plac$ 9 r[s4 ,! frames are kept close ev5 9 bright wea!r1 except :5 !re is too mu* moi/ure inside1 & ! plants are syr+$ twice daily 9 dry1 hot wea!r4 ,! gr[? !y make "u ?is treatm5t is a/oni%+4 ,by ! autumn ! plants are ready to be rip5$ by exposure to sun & air1 & 9 ,septemb] !y are lift$1 plant$ 9 pots1 & s5t to m>ket = sale4 ,?is me?od may be adopt$ 9 ,engl&1 & if c>efully manag$1 ! gr[? ! plants w\ld make w\ld f> exce$ any?+ ev] accompli%$ :5 !y are kept p]man5tly 9 pots4 ,out-(-doors4--,!re are "s k9ds :i* may be gr[n out ( doors altoge!r1 if plant$ on a sunny1 %elt]$ position1 on a rock]y4 ,! mo/ successful plan is t foll[$ at ,kew1 :]e a collection ( ! h>di] species is plant$ 9 a rock]y compos$ ( brick rubble & /ones4 ,dur+ summ] ! plants are expos$2 b :5 cold wea!r & ra9s come1 lights are plac$ p]man5tly ov] ! rock]y1 & 9 ?is way x is kept comp>atively dry4 ,no fire-heat or protection ( any o!r k9d is us$1 & ! vigor\s gr[?1 robu/ heal?1 & florif]\sness ( ! sev]al species are pro(s ( ! fitness ( ! treatm5t = ?is class ( plants4 ,9 any g>d5 :]e a few squ>e y>ds 9 a sunny1 well-dra9$ position c be af=d$ = a rais$ rock]y1 ! h>dy ,cactuses may be easily manag$4 ,to make a suitable rock]y1 proce$ z foll[s3 ,f9d a position aga9/ ! s\? wall ( a h\se1 gre5h\se1 or %$1 & aga9/ ?is wall con/ruct a rais$ rock]y ( brick rubble1 lime rubbi%1 /ones 7s(t s&/one1 if possible71 & fibr\s loam4 ,! rock]y :5 f9i%$ %\ld be1 say1 #d ft4 wide1 & rea* along ! wall z f> z requir$2 ! back ( ! rock]y w\ld ext5d ab\t #b ft4 above ! gr\nd level1 & fall t[>ds ! front4 ,fix 9 ! wall1 #a ft4 or s above ! rock]y1 a numb] ( hooks at int]vals all along1 to hold 9 position lights suffici5tly long to cov] ! rock]y f ! wall to ! front1 :]e !y c\ld be support$ by %ort po/s driv5 9 ! gr\nd4 ,! lights %\ld be remov$ dur+ summ] to "s %$1 & br\ght out = use on ! approa* ( w9t]4 ,treat$ 9 ?is mann]1 ! foll[+ h>dy species c\ld n fail to be a success3 ,opuntia ,raf9esquii & v>4 arkansana1 ,o4 vulg>is1 ,o4 bra*y>?ra1 ,o4 ,picolom9iana1 ,o4 miss\ri5sis1 ,o4 humilis1 ,c]eus ,f5dl]i1 ,c4 ,engelmanni1 ,c4 gonacan?us1 ,c4 pho5iceus1 ,e*9ocactus ,simpsoni1 ,e4 ,p5tl&ii1 ,mamill>ia vivip>a4 ,hav+ briefly po9t$ out ! v>i\s positions 9 :i* ,cactuses may be cultivat$ successfully1 we w n[ proce$ to treat 9 detail ! v>i\s op]ations :i* are consid]$ z be+ ( m or less importance 9 _! managem5t4 ,^! are pott+1 wat]+1 & temp]atures1 aft] :i* propagation by means ( se$s1 cutt+s1 & graft+1 hybridisation1 se$ sav+1 c41 & diseases & noxi\s insects w be treat$ ^u4 ,soil4--,! conditions 9 :i* plants gr[ naturally1 are :at we usually try to imitate = _! cultivation artificially4 ,at all ev5ts1 su* is suppos$ to be !oretically "r1 h[ev] difficult we may (t5 f9d x to be 9 practice4 ,soil 9 "s =m or o!r is necess>y to ! heal?y exi/5ce ( all plants2 & we "k t ! nature ( ! soil v>ies ) t ( ! plants gr[+ 9 x1 or1 9 o!r words1 c]ta9 soils are necess>y to c]ta9 plants1 :e!r 9 a /ate ( nature or cultivat$ 9 g>d5s4 ,b1 :il/ admitt+ t ,nature1 :5 intellig5tly foll[$1 w\ld n lead u f> a/ray1 we mu/ be c>eful n to foll[ h] too /rictly :5 deal+ ) ! managem5t ( plants 9 g>d5s4 ,!re are o!r circum/ances besides ! nature ( ! soil by :i* plants are influ5c$4 ,soil is only "o ( ! conditions on :i* plants dep5d1 & :]e ! o!r conditions are n exactly ! same 9 our g>d5s z 9 nature1 x is (t5 f\nd necess>y to employ a diff]5t soil f t 9 :i* ! plants gr[ :5 wild4 ,x has be5 /at$ t plants d n gr[ naturally 9 ! soil be/ suit$ = !m1 & t ! reason :y _m plants are f\nd 9 peculi> places is n at all because !y pref] !m1 b because !y alone are capable ( exi/+ !re1 or because !y take refuge !re f ! inroads ( /\t] neighb\rs :o w\ld de/roy !m or cr[d !m out4 ,!re are1 z e g>d5] kn[s1 num]\s plants t succe$ equally well 9 widely diff]5t soils1 & a soil :i* may be suitable = a plant 9 "o place1 may prove totally unsuit$ 9 ano!r4 ,h5ce x is :y we f9d "o g>d5] recomm5d+ "o k9d ( soil1 & ano!r a diff]5t "o1 = ! same plant1 bo? answ]+ equally well because ( o!r conditions fitt+ bett] ) ea* soil4 ,?is helps u to und]/& h[ x is t _m g>d5 subjects gr[ mu* bett] :5 plant$ 9 compo/s (t5 q diff]5t f ^? ! plants are f\nd 9 :5 wild4 ,few plants h a p>ticul> pr$ilection = soil1 & "s h :at we may call ! p[] to adapt !mselves to conditions (t5 widely diff]5t4 ,9 ,cactuses we h a family ( plants = :i* special conditions are necess>y2 &1 z reg>ds soil1 :e!r we are guid$ by nature or by g>d5+ exp]i5ce1 we are l$ to conclude t almo/ all ( !m ?rive only :5 plant$ 9 "o k9d1 t soil be+ pr9cipally loam4 ,plants :i* are limit$ 9 nature to s&y1 sun-scor*$ pla9s or ! gl>+ sides ( rocky hills & m\nta9s1 :]e sc>cely any o!r =m ( vegetation c exi/1 are n likely to require mu* decay$ vegetable humus1 b mu/ obta9 _! food f inorganic sub/ances1 su* z loam1 s&1 or lime4 ,s x is ) !m :5 gr[n 9 our h\ses4 ,!y are heal?ie/ & longe/-liv$ :5 plant$ 9 a loamy soil2 & al?\gh !y may be gr[n fairly well = a "t :5 plac$ 9 a compo/ ( loam & leaf m\ld1 or loam & peat1 yet ! gr[? !y make is g5]ally too sappy & weak2 x is simply fat )\t bone1 :i*1 :5 ! necess>y re/+ p]iod comes r\nd1 ei!r rots or gradually dries up4 ,9 prep>+ soil1 !re=e1 = all ,cactuses 7except ,epiphyllum & ,rhipsalis1 :i* w be treat$ sep>ately7 a good1 r /iff loam1 ) pl5ty ( grass fibre 9 x1 %\ld =m ! pr9cipal +r$i5t1 s& &1 if obta9able1 small brick rubble be+ add$--"o "p ( ea* ( ! latt] to six p>ts ( ! =m]4 ,! brick rubble %\ld be p\nd$ up s t ! l>ge/ pieces are ab\t ! size ( hazel nuts4 ,lime rubbi%1 i4e41 old pla/] f build+s1 c41 is sometimes recomm5d$ = ,cactuses1 b x does n appe> to be ( any use except z dra9age4 ,at ,kew its use has be5 discont9u$1 & x is n[ g5]ally condemn$ by all good cultivators4 ,( c\rse1 ! idea t lime 0 b5eficial to ,cactuses sprang f ! k t x exi/$ 9 l>ge quantities 9 ! soil 9 :i* ! plants grew naturally1 & x is (t5 f\nd 9 abundance1 9 ! =m ( oxalate ( lime1 9 ! old /ems ( ! plants4 ,b 9 good loam1 lime1 9 ! /ate ( *alk1 is always pres5t1 & ?is1 toge!r ) ! lime conta9$ 9 ! brick rubble1 is suffici5t to supply ! plants ) z mu* z !y require4 ,= ,epiphyllums & ,rhipsalis1 bo? ( :i* are epiphytal naturally1 b :i* are f\nd to ?rive be/ 9 pots 9 our h\ses1 a mixture ( equal p>ts ( peat & loam ) s& & brick rubble 9 ! same proportion z be=e recomm5d$1 w be f\nd mo/ suitable4 ,leaf m\ld is sometimes us$ = ^! plants2 b unless really good x is be/ left out ( ! soil4 ,! f9e/ ,epiphyllums h be5 gr[n 9 a soil :i* consi/s almo/ :olly ( a light fibry loam1 ) ! addition ( a little cru%$ bones4 ,pott+4--,cactuses1 :5 heal?y1 are injuri\sly affect$ by frequ5t di/urbance at ! roots4 ,on ! arrival ( ! pott+ season1 :i* = ^! plants is 9 ,april & ,may1 e/abli%$ plants %\ld be exam9$ at ! root1 & if ! roots are f\nd to be 9 a heal?y condition1 & ! soil sweet1 !y %\ld be replac$ 9 ! same pots to cont9ue 9 !m ano!r ye>4 ,if ! roots are decay$1 or ! soil has become s\r1 x %\ld be %ak5 away f ! roots1 :i* mu/ be exam9$1 cutt+ away all decay$ portions1 & %ort5+ ! longe/ roots to )9 a few in*es ( ! base ( ! plant4 ,cactuses are s t5aci\s ( life1 & appe> to rely s little on _! roots1 t x w be f\nd ! wise/ plan1 :5 repott+ !m1 to cut ! roots ?or\ghly4 ,! size ( pots mo/ suitable is :at w\ld be consid]$ small 9 comp>ison ) o!r plants1 ,cactuses pref]r+ to be some:at cramp$ 9 ?is respect4 ,?is1 inde$1 is h[ !y are f\nd :5 wild1 ! roots g5]ally fix+ !mselves 9 ! crevices ( ! rocks or /ones ab\t :i* ! plants gr[1 s t a l>ge specim5 is (t5 f\nd to h only a few in*es ( space 9 ! cleft ( a rock = ! :ole ( its roots4 ,:5 ?us limit$1 gr[? is firm] & ! fl[]s are produc$ 9 mu* great] pr(usion ?an :5 a lib]al am\nt ( root space is af=d$4 ,! pots %\ld be well dra9$-ab\t "o-fif? ( _! dep? fill$ ) dra9age :5 int5d$ = l>ge1 /rong-gr[+ k9ds1 & "o-?ird = ! small] ones1 su* z ,mamill>ias4 ,a lay] ( r\gh fibry mat]ial %\ld be plac$ ov] ! crocks to prev5t ! f9] soil f /opp+ ! dra9age4 ,:5 fill+ 9 ! soil1 press x d[n firmly1 spread+ ! roots well among/ x1 & keep+ ! base ( ! plant only an in* or s bel[ ! surface4 ,= plants ) weak /ems1 /akes w be necess>y1 & ev5 /\t-/emm$ k9ds1 :5 _! roots are n suffici5t to hold !m firmly1 w d be/ if fa/5$ to "o or two /rong /akes till !y h made new roots & got firm hold ( ! soil4 ,epiphyllums1 :5 gr[n z /&>ds1 %\ld be ti$ to /rong wire supports1 ^? ) ?ree %ort1 prong-l legs be+ mo/ desirable1 z1 ow+ to ! weight ( ! head ( ! plant1 a s+le /ake is n suffici5t to hold ! :ole firmly4 ,aft] pott+1 no wat] %\ld be giv5 = a few weeks4 ,9 fact1 if ! atmosph]e 9 :i* ! plants are plac$ be kept a little moi/1 x w n be necess>y to wat] !m till signs ( fre% gr[? are p]ceiv$4 ,= ,epiphyllums & ,rhipsalis1 wat] w be requir$ e>li] ?an ?is2 b ev5 !y are be/ left = a few days )\t wat]1 aft] !y h be5 repott$4 ,z soon z fre% gr[? is p]ceiv$1 ! plants may be well wat]$1 & f ?is "t wat] may be suppli$ z (t5 z ! soil approa*es dryness4 ,newly-import$ plants1 :i* on arrival are usually mu* %rivell$ & rootless1 %\ld be pott$ 9 r dry soil & small pots1 & treat$ z recomm5d$ above4 ,cactuses1 we mu/ rememb]1 conta9 an abundance ( n\ri%m5t /or$ up 9 _! /ems1 & ^u ?is !y w cont9ue to exi/ = a consid]able "t )\t suff]+2 &1 :5 _! gr[+ season comes r\nd1 root action comm5ces :e!r ! soil is wet or dry1 ! latt] be+ ! mo/ fav\rable4 ,plants altoge!r expos$ to ! air w pu% roots 9 due "t4 ,a rem>kable in/ance ( ?is has be5 record$ by ,mr4 ,j4 ,r4 ,jackson1 curator ( ! museums at ,kew4 ,a plant ( ,piloc]eus s5ilis1 :i* _h gr[n too tall = ! h\se1 0 cut (f at ! base1 & plac$ 9 ! museum z a specim54 ,"h x gradually dri$ up to )9 #b ft4 ( ! top1 :]e a fracture across ! /em _h be5 made4 ,above ?is ! /em rema9$ fre% & heal?y1 &1 on exam9+ x "s mon?s aft]w>ds1 x 0 f\nd t n only _h ! top ( ! /em rema9$ gre51 b x _h =m$ roots ( its own1 :i* _h gr[n d[n ! dead l[] portion ( ! /em1 & 7 9 a p]fectly heal?y /ate4 ,:5 x is rememb]$ t all ?is happ5$ 9 ! dry atmosph]e ( a museum1 x w be app>5t h[ exceptional ,cactuses are 9 _! mann] ( gr[?1 & 9 ! wond]ful t5acity ( life !y exhibit "u conditions :i* w\ld de/roy ! majority ( plants 9 a v %ort "t4 ,we sometimes f9d1 :5 exam9+ ! bases ( ,cactus /ems1 t decay has comm5c$2 ?is is c>efully cut out ) a %>p knife1 & ! w\nd expos$ to ! action ( ! air till x is p]fectly dry1 or1 z we t]m x1 callus$4 ,wat]+4--,x w h pe5 ga!r$ f :at has be5 previ\sly said 9 relation to ! conditions "u :i* ! majority ( ! plants ( ! ,cactus family gr[ :5 wild1 t dur+ _! season ( gr[? !y require a good supply ( moi/ure1 bo? at ! root & ov]head2 & aft]w>ds a some:at l5g!n$ p]iod ( re/1 t is1 almo/ total dryness1 accompani$ by all ! sunlight possible1 & g5]ally a some:at high temp]ature4 ,! gr[+ season = all ^? k9ds :i* require to be kept dry :5 at re/ is f ! end ( ,april to ! middle ( ,augu/1 & dur+ ?is "t !y %\ld be kept mod]ately moi/1 b n con/antly saturat$1 :i*1 h[ev]1 is n likely to occur if ! wat] is n c>elessly suppli$1 & ! dra9age & soil are p]fect4 ,?is treatm5t corresponds ) :at happ5s to ,cactuses 9 a wild /ate1 ! frequ5t & heavy ra9s :i* occur 9 ! e>li] "p ( ! summ] 9 ! ,am]ican pla9s supply+ ! am\nt ( moi/ure necess>y to enable ^! plants to make fre% gr[?1 & produce _! beautiful fl[]s & sp9e-clo!d fruits4 ,aft] ,augu/1 little or no ra9 falls1 & ! ,cactuses assume a r %rivell$ appe>ance1 :i* gives !m an unheal?y look1 b :i* is really a sign ( rip5ess1 promis+ a pl5tiful crop ( fl[]s :5 ! ra9y season aga9 returns4 ,z ! sun 9 ,engl& is n ne>ly s p[]ful z 9 ! hot pla9s ( ,c5tral ,am]ica & ! ,s\!rn ,/ates ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 :]e ,cactuses are f\nd 9 greate/ abundance1 x w be evid5t t1 if fl[]s are to be produc$1 we mu/ see t our plants h a suffici5cy ( wat] 9 e>ly summ]1 & little or none dur+ ! autumn & w9t]1 :il/ ! :ole ye> r\nd !y %\ld be expos$ to all ! sunlight possible1 ! temp]ature1 ( c\rse1 v>y+ ) ! requirem5ts ( ! species1 :e!r x is a native ( tropical or ( temp]ate regions4 ,x is important t ! cultivator %\ld und]/& t if wat] is lib]ally suppli$ all ?r\gh ! summ]1 ! plants _c obta9 ! re/ :i* is necess>y to _! rip5+ & produc+ fl[]s1 z dryness at ! root alone is n suffici5t to provide ?is1 b mu/ be accompani$ by exposure to bright sunlight1 :i* is n possible 9 ,engl& dur+ w9t]1 s t ! rip5+ process mu/ beg9 be=e ! summ] is ov]4 ,x is possible to pres]ve mo/ ,cactuses alive by keep+ !m con/antly gr[+2 b1 ) v few exceptions1 su* treatm5t prev5ts ! plants f fl[]+4 ,! foll[+ is :at is practis$ 9 ! g>d5s :]e ,cactuses are successfully cultivat$4 ,= ! g5]a ,c]eus1 ,e*9opsis1 ,e*9ocactus1 ,mamill>ia1 ,opuntia1 & ,melocactus1 a moi/ tropical h\se is provid$1 & 9 ,april ! plants are freely wat]$ at ! root1 & syr+$ ov]head bo? morn+ & aft]noon on all bright days4 ,?is treatm5t is cont9u$ till ! end ( ,july1 :5 syr++ is susp5d$1 & ! wat] suppli$ to ! roots gradually r$uc$4 ,by ! end ( ,augu/1 ! plants are plac$ 9 a l>ge light frame ) a s\? aspect1 except ! tall-gr[+ k9ds1 :i* are too bulky to remove4 ,9 ?is frame ! plants are kept till ! summ] is ov]1 & are wat]$ only ab\t once a week %\ld ! sun be v p[]ful4 ,! lights are remov$ on all bright sunny days1 b are kept on dur+ wet or dull wea!r1 & at night4 ,"u ?is treatm5t1 _m ( ! species assume a r$di% appe>ance1 & ! ?ick fle%y-/emm$ k9ds g5]ally %rivel some:at4 ,!re is no occasion = al>m 9 ! col\r$ & %rivell$ appe>ance ( ! plants3 on ! contr>y1 x may be hail$ z a good sign = fl[]s4 ,a common compla9t 9 relation to ,cacti z fl[]+ plants is t !y gr[ all "r b r>ely or nev] fl[]4 ,! explanation ( ?is is %[n by ! fact t ! plants mu/ be prop]ly rip5$ & re/$ be=e !y c produce fl[]s4 ,on ! approa* ( cold wea!r ! plants :i* 7 remov$ to a frame to be rip5$ %\ld be br\ght back into ! h\se = ! w9t]1 & kept q dry at ! roots till ! return ( spr+1 :5 _! fl[]s w be develop$ ei!r be=e or soon aft] ! wat]+ season aga9 comm5ces4 ,hi!rto we h be5 deal+ ) ^? g5]a :i* h ?ick fle%y /ems2 b !re /ill rema9 ! g5]a ,rhipsalis1 ,epiphyllum1 & ,phyllocactus1 :i* are n capable ( be>+ ! long p]iod ( dr\ght advis$ = ! =m]4 ,! la/-m5tion$ g5us %\ld1 h[ev]1 be kept almo/ dry at ! root dur+ w9t]1 &1 if plac$ 9 a light1 airy h\se till ! turn ( ! ye>1 ! bran*es w rip51 & set _! fl[] buds mu* m readily ?an :5 !y are w9t]$ 9 a moi/1 p>tially-%ad$ h\se4 ,dur+ summ] all ! ,phyllocactuses delight 9 pl5ty ( wat]1 &1 :5 gr[+ freely1 a weak solution ( manure af=ds !m good food4 ,epiphyllums mu/ be kept always m or less moi/ at ! root1 ?\gh1 ( c\rse1 :5 gr[+ freely1 !y require m wat] ?an :5 gr[? has ceas$ = ! ye>1 :i* happ5s late 9 autumn4 ,! same rule applies to ,rhipsalis1 none ( ! species ( :i* are happy :5 kept long dry4 ,= ! sev]al species ( ,opuntia & ,e*9opsis1 :i* are suffici5tly h>dy to be cultivat$ on a sunny rock]y out ( doors1 x w be f\nd a wise precaution to place ei!r a pane ( glass or a h&light ov] ! plants 9 wet autumns & dur+ w9t]1 n s mu* to s]ve z protection f cold z to %ield !m f an excess ( moi/ure at a "t :5 x w\ld prove injuri\s4 ,temp]ature4--,z ! am\nt ( heat requir$ by ! diff]5t species ( ,cactus v>ies v consid]ably1 & z ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! summ] & w9t] temp]atures = !m is (t5 z great z x is important1 x w be z well if we m5tion ! temp]ature requir$ by ea* :5 describ+ ! species4 ,x is true t ! majority ( ,cactuses may be kept alive 9 "o h\se :]e all w\ld be subject$ to ! same temp]ature1 b _m ( ! plants w\ld m]ely exi/1 & c\ld n possibly fl[]4 ,x w\ld be easy to po9t to sev]al in/ances ( ?is unsatisfactory /ate ( ?+s4 ,at ,kew1 = example1 ow+ to ! arrangem5ts necess>y = ! public1 x is f\nd conv5i5t to h ! majority ( ! l>ge collection ( ,cactuses 9 "o h\se1 :]e ! plants pres5t an impos+ appe>ance1 b :]e1 z might be expect$1 a good numb] ( ! species v r>ely produce fl[]s4 ,! ,cactuses :i* inhabit ! pla9s ( ! ,s\!rn ,unit$ ,/ates are subject$ to a v high summ] temp]ature1 & a w9t] ( int5se cold2 :il/ on ! o!r h& ! species f\nd 9 ,c5tral & ,s\? ,am]ica d n und]go ne>ly s wide an extreme1 ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! summ] & w9t] temp]atures ( ^! c\ntries be+ g5]ally mu* less m>k$4 ,a ^w w be said "u ea* species z to :e!r x is tropical1 temp]ate1 or h>dy1 a tropical temp]ature = ,cacti be+ 9 summ] #gj degs41 ris+ to #ij degs4 ) sun heat1 night temp]ature #fj degs4 to #gj degs41 9 w9t] #fj degs4 to #fe degs4 ,temp]ate3 9 summ] #fj degs41 ris+ to #ge degs4 ) sun heat1 night #fj degs4 to #fe degs41 9 w9t] #ej degs4 to #ee degs4 ,! h>dy species w1 ( c\rse1 be> ! ord9>y temp]atures ( ?is c\ntry2 b1 to enable !m to )/& a v cold w9t]1 !y mu/ be kept z dry z possible4 ,9 ! cold] p>ts ( ,engl& x is n advisable to leave any ( ^! plants outside dur+ w9t]4 ,insect ,pe/s4--,not)/&+ ! ?ickness ( sk9 *>act]i/ic ( almo/ e "o ( ! ,cactuses1 !y are frequ5tly attack$ by v>i\s k9ds ( g>d5 pe/s :5 "u cultivation1 & m especially by mealy bug4 ,!re is1 ( c\rse1 no difficulty 9 remov+ su* insects f ! species ) few or no sp9es ^u _! /ems2 b :5 ! plants are ?ickly cov]$ ) clu/]s ( sp9es & hairs1 ! insects are n easily got rid (4 ,= ,cactuses1 z well z = o!r plants subject to ?is mo/ tr\blesome insect1 v>i\s k9ds ( insecticide h be5 recomm5d$2 b ! be/1 *eape/1 & mo/ effectual ) :i* we are acqua9t$ is p>aff91 its only drawback be+ ! injury x does to ! plants :5 appli$ c>elessly1 or :5 n suffici5tly dilut$4 ,a w9eglassful ( ! oil1 add$ to a gallon ( s(t wat]1 & ab\t #boz4 ( s(t soap1 ! :ole to be kept ?or\ghly mix$ by frequ5tly /irr+ x1 =ms a solution /rong en\gh to de/roy mealy bug4 ,9 apply+ ?is mixture1 a syr+e %\ld be us$1 or1 if ! plants are to be dipp$ ov]head1 c>e mu/ be tak5 to h ! oil ?or\ghly diffus$ ?r\gh ! wat]1 or ! plant1 :5 lift$ out1 w be cov]$ ) pure p>aff91 :i* does n mix prop]ly ) wat]1 b swims ^u ! surface if all[$ to /& = a few mom5ts4 ,! plants %\ld be laid on _! sides to be syr+$ ) ! mixture1 & aft] !y h be5 ?or\ghly wett$1 !y may be all[$ to /& = a few m9utes be=e be+ syr+$ ) pure wat]4 ,plants t are badly infe/$ ) mealy bug %\ld be syr+$ ) ! p>aff9 mixture once a day1 = ab\t a week4 ,x is easy to d s]i\s h>m to ^! plants by us+ a /rong] solution ?an is "h recomm5d$1 & also by n prop]ly mix+ ! oil ) ! soap & wat]2 & ! amateur _c1 !re=e1 be too c>eful 9 8 use ( ?is excell5t insecticide4 ,x w\ld be easy to recomm5d o!r insecticides1 s call$1 = ,cactuses2 b :il/ !y are less dang]\s to ! plants1 !y are (t5 z h>mless z pure wat] to ! insects4 ,= scale1 :i* sometimes infe/s ^! plants1 & :i* is sometimes f\nd ^u !m :5 wild1 ! p>aff9 may be us$ ) good effect4 ,?rips attack ,phyllocactus1 ,rhipsalis1 & ,epiphyllum1 especially :5 ! plants are gr[n 9 less %ade1 or 9 a high] temp]ature1 ?an is good = !m4 ,fumigation ) tobacco1 dipp+ 9 a /rong solution ( tobacco1 or spong+ ) a mixture ( soap & wat]1 are ei!r ( !m effectual :5 appli$ to plants infe/$ ) ?rips4 ,! same may be said ( gre5-fly1 :i* sometimes attacks ! ,epiphyllums4 ,a blight1 some?+ simil> to mealy bug1 n[ & aga9 appe>s on ! roots ( "s ( ! v>ieties ( ,e*9ocactus & ,c]eus4 ,?is may be de/roy$ by dipp+ ! :ole ( ! roots 9 ! mixture recomm5d$ = ! /ems :5 infe/$ by mealy bug1 & aft]w>ds all[+ !m to /& = a few m9utes imm]s$ 9 pure wat]4 ,!y may !n be plac$ :]e !y w dry quickly1 & f9ally1 9 a day or two1 repott$ into new compo/1 fir/ remov+ e p>ticle ( ! old soil f ! roots4 ,diseases4--,:5 wild & fav\rably situat$ z reg>ds heat & moi/ure1 ! l>g] k9ds ( ,cactus are said to live to a great age1 "s ( ! tree k9ds1 accord+ to ,humboldt1 be>+ ab\t !m signs ( hav+ exi/$ sev]al hundr$ ye>s4 ,! same rem>kable longevity1 mo/ likely1 is f\nd 9 ! small] k9ds :5 wild4 ,"u artificial cultivation !re are1 h[ev]1 _m conditions m or less unfav\rable to ! heal? ( plants1 &1 9 ! case ( ,cactuses1 v l>ge specim5s1 :5 import$ f _! native haunts to be plac$ 9 our glass h\ses1 soon p]i%4 ,at ,kew1 !re h be51 at v>i\s times1 v f9e specim5s ( "s ( ! l>ge/-gr[+ ones1 b !y h nev] liv$ long] ?an a ye> or s1 always gradually %r9k+ 9 size till1 f9ally1 ow+ to ! abs5ce ( prop] n\ri%m5t1 & to o!r unt[>d conditions1 !y h brok5 d[n & rott$4 ,?is rott+ ( ! tissue1 or fle%1 ( ^! plants is ! great enemy to _! cultivation 9 ,engl&4 ,:5 x appe>s1 x %\ld be c>efully cut out ) a %>p knife1 & expos$ to ! influ5ce ( a p]fectly dry atmosph]e = a few days till ! w\nd has dri$1 :5 ! plant %\ld be pott$ 9 a s&y compo/ & treat$ z = cutt+s4 ,sometimes ! decay beg9s 9 ! side ( ! /em ( ! plant1 9 :i* case x %\ld be cut away1 & ! w\nd expos$ to a dry air4 ,! cause ( ?is decay at ! base or 9 ! side ( ! /ems ( ,cactuses is no d\bt debility1 :i* is ! result ( ! abs5ce ( "s necess>y condition :5 ! plants are cultivat$ 9 h\ses or w9d[s 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,graft$ plants1 especially ,epiphyllums1 :5 work$ on to ,p]eskia /ocks1 are apt to gr[ weak & flabby ?r\gh ! /em we>+ out1 or ?r\gh ! pres5ce ( mealy bug or insects 9 ! crevices ( ! "p :]e ! /ock & scion jo91 9 :i* case x is be/ to prep>e fre% /ocks ( ,p]eskia1 & graft on to !m ! be/ ( ! pieces ( ,epiphyllum f ! old1 debilitat$ plant4 ,x is no use try+ to get su* plants to recov]1 z1 :5 once ?is disease or weakness beg9s1 x _c easily be /opp$4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,propagation4 ,cactuses may be multipli$ f cutt+s ( ! /ems1 f se$s1 & also by means ( graft+2 ?is la/ me?od be+ adopt$ = ^? species :i*1 "u cultivation1 are n easily kept 9 heal? :5 gr[+ ^u _! own roots1 or1 z 9 ! case ( ,epiphyllums1 :5 x (f]s a means ( spe$ily =m+ l>ge & %apely specim5s4 ,f se$s ! plants are g5]ally fre] 9 gr[? ?an :5 cutt+s are us$1 al?\gh ! se$l+s are long] 9 gr[+ into fl[]+ specim5s ?an l>ge cutt+s w\ld be4 ,to ! amateur1 ! process ( g]m9ation & developm5t f ! se$l+ to ! mature /age1 is full ( int]e/ & attraction1 ! *anges f "o =m to ano!r z ! plant develops be+ v m>k$ 9 mo/ ( ! g5]a4 ,se$s4--,good fre% se$s ( ,cactace\s plants g]m9ate 9 f two to f\r weeks aft] s[+1 if plac$ 9 a w>m h\se or on a hotb$ ) a temp]ature ( #hj degs4 ,if s[n 9 a l[] temp]ature1 ! "t !y take to vegetate is long]2 b1 unless 9 a v l[ degree ( heat1 ! se$s1 if good1 & if prop]ly manag$ z reg>ds soil & wat]1 r>ely fail to g]m9ate4 ,= all ! k9ds1 pots or pans conta9+ dra9age to )9 #b 94 ( ! top1 & !n fill$ up ) f9ely sift$ loam & s&1 ?ree p>ts ( ! =m] to "o ( ! latt]1 & press$ d[n mod]ately firm1 w be f\nd to answ]4 ,if ! soil be moi/ at ! "t ( s[+ ! se$s1 x w n be necess>y to wat] x = a day or two4 ,! se$s %\ld be scatt]$ ?9ly ov] ! surface ( ! soil1 & !n cov]$ ) ab\t #a_/h 94 ( soil4 ,ov] ?is1 a pane ( glass may be plac$1 & %\ld rema9 till ! se$l+s appe> above ! soil4 ,%\ld ! position :]e ! se$s are to be rais$ be 9 a room w9d[1 ?is pane ( glass w be f\nd v useful 9 prev5t+ ! dry air ( ! room f absorb+ all ! moi/ure f ! soil ab\t ! se$s4 ,= ! g]m9ation ( ,cactus1 & inde$ ( all se$s1 a c]ta9 am\nt ( moi/ure mu/ be con/antly pres5t 9 ! soil2 & aft] a se$ has comm5c$ to gr[1 to all[ x to get dry is to run ! risk ( kill+ x4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #d4--,,se$l+s ,,( ,,c]eus4 a1 ,"o mon? aft] g]m9ation4 b1 ,two mon?s aft] g]m9ation4 ,c1 ,?ree mon?s aft] g]m9ation4 7,magnifi$ six times174 ,! se$s ( ,cactuses may be s[n at anytime 9 ! ye>2 b x is be/ to s[ 9 spr+1 z1 aft] g]m9at+1 ! "y plants h ! summ] be=e !m 9 :i* to atta9 suffici5t /r5g? to enable !m to pass ?r\gh ! w9t] )\t suff]+2 :]eas plants rais$ f autumn-s[n se$s h (t5 a poor *ance ( surviv+ ?r\gh ! w9t]1 unless treat$ ) great c>e4 ,! se$s ( all ,cactuses are small1 & !re=e ! se$l+s are at fir/ t9y globul> masses ( wat]y fle%1 v diff]5t f :at we f9d 9 ! se$l+s ( ord9>y g>d5 plants4 ,! =m ( ! se$l+ ( a species ( ,c]eus is %[n at ,fig4 #d1 & its transition f a small globule-l mass ( fle% to ! sp9e-clo!d /em1 :i* *>act]ises ?is g5us1 is also repres5t$4 ,at a we see ! "y plant aft] x has em]g$ f ! se$1 ! out] %ell ( :i* 0 atta*$ to "o ( ! sides ( ! ap]ture at ! top till ab\t a week be=e ! draw+ 0 made4 ,at b1 ! fur!r swell+ & op5+ out1 z x 71 ( :at1 9 botanical language1 is kn[n z ! cotyl$on /age ( developm5t1 w be se52 a mon? aft]w>ds1 ?is w h assum$ ! %ape ( a v small ,c]eus4 ,x is int]e/+ to note h[ ! s(t fle%y mass :i* fir/ gr[s out ( ! se$ is no?+ m ?an a little bag ( food ) a t9y gr[+ po9t fix$ 9 its top1 & t1 z ! gr[+ po9t increases1 ! food bag decreases1 till f9ally ! :ole ( ! latt] becomes absorb$ into ! "y /em1 :i* is n[ capable ( obta9+ n\ri%m5t by means ( its newly-=m$ roots4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #e4--,,se$l+s ,,( ,,opuntia1 ,,%[+ ,,mode ,,( ,,g]m9ation4 7,magnifi$ ?ree times74 ,9 ! g5us ,opuntia1 ! cotyl$on /age 7see ,fig4 #e7 ( ! plant is diff]5t f t ( ! ,c]eus1 & is m l t ( a cucumb]4 ,/ill1 ?\gh ! =m is diff]5t1 ! purpose ( ! two cotyl$ons & ! juicy /em 9 ! se$l+ ,opuntia is ! same z 9 ! ,c]eus2 &1 z ! gr[+ po9t develops1 ! cotyl$ons %rivel up & fall (f1 ! plant food !y conta9$ hav+ pass$ into t "p ( ! "y se$l+ :i* 0 to be p]man5t4 ,! se$l+s ( ^! two g5]a s]ve z an illu/ration ( ! process ( g]m9ation f se$ ( all ! ,cactuses2 & x mu/ be evid5t t !re is mu* t is s+ul> & full ( int]e/ 9 rais+ ^! plants f se$s4 ,z soon z ! se$l+s are l>ge en\gh to be h&l$1 !y may be plant$ sep>ately 9 small pots1 us+ a compo/ simil> to1 b slightly co>s] ?an1 t 9 :i* ! se$s 7 s[n4 ,! soil %\ld be kept moi/ till ! summ] is ov]2 & aft] t1 till ! return ( w>m sunny wea!r1 x w be f\nd safe/ to keep ! se$l+s on ! dry side1 a little wat] only to be giv5 at int]vals ( a week1 & only :5 ! sun is %9+ ^u ! plants4 ,to obta9 se$s f cultivat$ plants1 x is necess>y1 9 ord] to insure f]tilisation t ! top ( ! /igma 7see ,fig4 #b7 %\ld be du/$ ov] ) ! du/-l poll5 f ! an!rs4 ,?is may be done by means ( a small camel-hair bru%1 :i* %\ld be moi/5$ 9 ! m\? & !n pu%$ among ! an!rs till cov]$ ) poll51 :i* may !n be g5tly rubb$ on to ! /igma4 ,a w>m1 sunny morn+ is ! mo/ suitable "t = ?is op]ation1 z f]tilisation takes place mu* m readily "u ! influ5ce ( bright sun%9e ?an at any o!r "t4 ,"s ( ! k9ds h _! floral organs s arrang$ z to be capable ( self-f]tilisation2 /ill1 x is always z well to give !m "s assi/ance4 ,! night-fl[]+ species mu/1 ( c\rse1 be f]tilis$ ei!r at night or v e>ly 9 ! morn+4 ,by us+ ! poll5 f "o k9d = du/+ on to ! /igma ( ano!r1 hybrids may be obta9$1 & x is ow+ to ! read9ess ) :i* ! plants ( ?is family cross ) ea* o!r1 t s _m hybrids & =ms ( ! g5]a ,epiphyllum & ,phyllocactus h be5 rais$4 ,x w\ld be useless to attempt su* a cross z ,epiphyllum ) ,c]eus giganteus1 because ( _! widely diff]5t natures2 b su* crosses z ,epiphyllum ) ,phyllocactus1 & ,c]eus flagelli=mis ) ,c4 speciosissimus1 h be5 br\ght ab\t4 ,to an en?usia/1 ! :ole ord] (f]s a v good field = op]ations ) a view to ! production ( new sorts1 z ! diff]5t k9ds cross freely ) ea* o!r1 & ! beautiful col\rs ( ! fl[]s w\ld mo/ likely comb9e s z to pres5t "s new & di/9ct v>ieties4 ,cutt+s4--,no plants are m readily increas$ f /em-cutt+s ?an ,cactuses2 =1 be ! cutt+ #bj ft4 high1 or only z l>ge z a ?imble1 x /rikes root readily if plac$ 9 a w>m temp]ature & kept slightly moi/4 ,we h already se5 h[1 ev5 9 ! dry atmosph]e ( a museum1 a /em ( ,c]eus1 in/ead ( p]i%+1 emitt$ roots & rema9$ heal?y = a consid]able "t1 & x w\ld be easy to add to ?is num]\s o!r in/ances ( ! rem>kable t5acity ( life possess$ by ^! plants4 ,at ,kew1 x is ! common practice1 :5 ! l>ge-gr[+ specim5s get too tall = ! h\se 9 :i* !y are gr[n1 to cut (f ! top ( ! /em to a l5g? ( #f ft4 or #h ft41 & plant x 9 a pot ( soil to =m a new plant4 ,! old base is kept = /ock1 z x (t5 happ5s t j bel[ ! po9t :]e ! /em 0 sev]$1 lat]al buds are develop$1 & ^!1 :5 gr[n into bran*es1 are remov$ & us$ z cutt+s4 ,l>ge ,opuntias are treat$ 9 ! same way1 ) ! almo/ inv>iable result t ev5 ! l>ge/ bran*es root freely1 & are 9 no way injur$ by :at appe>s to be exce$+ly r\gh treatm5t4 ,l>ge cutt+s /rik+ root s freely1 x mu/ foll[ t small cutt+s w likewise soon =m roots1 &1 s f> z our exp]i5ce--:i* consi/s ( "s ye>s ) a v l>ge collection ( ,cactuses--goes1 !re is n "o species 9 cultivation :i* may n be easily multipli$ by means ( cutt+s4 ,! nature ( a ,cactus /em is s v diff]5t f ! /ems ( mo/ o!r plants1 t no comp>ison c be made betwe5 !m 9 respect ( _! root-develop+ p[]2 ! root+ ( a ,cactus cutt+ be+ z c]ta9 z ! root+ ( a bulb4 ,! v s(t1 fle%y /ems ( "s ( ! k9ds su* z ! ,e*9ocactus1 %\ld be expos$ to ! air = a "t1 s t ! cut at ! base may dry be=e x is buri$ 9 ! soil4 ,if ! base ( a plant decays1 all t is necess>y is ! removal ( ! decay$ portion1 exposure ( ! w\nd to ! air = two or ?ree days1 & !n ! plant+ ( ! cutt+ 9 a dry1 s&y soil1 & plac+ x 9 a w>m moi/ h\se till root$4 ,all cutt+s ( ,cactuses may be treat$ 9 ?is way4 ,if any?+ proves de/ructive to ^! cutt+s1 x is excessive moi/ure 9 ! soil1 :i* mu/ always be c>efully gu>d$ aga9/4 ,graft+4--,! object ( graft+ is g5]ally ei!r to effect c]ta9 *anges 9 ! nature ( ! scion1 by unit+ x ) a /ock ( a "* diff]5t f its own1 :i* usually results 9 ! bett] production ( fl[]s1 fruit1 c41 or to multiply ^? plants :i* are n readily increas$ by ! m ord9>y me?ods ( cutt+s or se$s4 ,9 ! case ( ,cactuses1 h[ev]1 we resort to graft+1 n because ( any difficulty 9 obta9+ ! k9ds ?us treat$ f ei!r cutt+s or se$s1 z we h already se5 t all ! species ( ,cactuses gr[ freely f se$1 or are easily rais$ f cutt+s ( _! /ems1 nor yet to effect any *ange 9 ! *>act]s ( ! plants ?us treat$1 b because "s ( ! m delicate k9ds1 & especially ! small] ones1 are apt to rot at ! base dur+ ! damp1 foggy wea!r ( our w9t]s2 &1 to prev5t ?is1 x is f\nd a good & safe plan to graft !m on to /ocks =m$ ( m robu/ k9ds1 or ev5 on to plants ( o!r g5]a1 su* z ,c]eus or ,e*9ocactus4 ,by ?is means1 ! delicate plants are rais$ above ! soil :5ce ! injury 9 w9t] usually arises1 & !y are also kept well suppli$ ) food by ! m robu/ & active nature ( ! roots ( ! plant ^u :i* !y are graft$4 ,graft+ is also adopt$ = "s ( ! ,cactuses to add to ! grotesqu5ess ( _! appe>ance2 a sph]ical ,e*9ocactus or ,mamill>ia be+ unit$ to ! column> /em ( ano!r k9d1 s z to produce ! appe>ance ( a drum /ick2 or a l>ge r\nd-gr[+ species graft$ on to ?ree su* /ems1 :i* may !n be lik5$ to a globe support$ ^u ?ree columns4 ,z ! species & g5]a unite freely ) ea* o!r1 x is possible to produce1 by means ( graft+1 "s v extraord9>y-look+ plants1 & to a lov] ( ! incongru\s & que]1 ^! plants w af=d mu* int]e/ & amusem5t4 ,besides ! above1 we graft ,epiphyllums1 & ! long droop+ ,c]euses1 su* z ,c4 flagelli=mis1 because ( _! p5d5t habit1 & :i*1 !re=e1 are se5 to bett] advantage :5 gr[+ f ! tall erect /em ( "s /\t] k9d1 ?an if all[$ to gr[ on _! own roots4 ,by gr[+ a ,p]eskia on into a l>ge plant1 & !n cutt+ x into any %ape desir$1 we may1 by graft+ ^u its spurs or bran*es a numb] ( pieces ( ,epiphyllum1 obta9 l>ge fl[]+ specim5s ( v>i\s %apes 9 a comp>atively %ort "t4 ,= g5]al purposes1 x is usual to graft ,epiphyllums on to /ems1 ab\t #a ft4 high1 ( ,p]eskia aculeata2 pretty little /&>d plants be+ 9 ?is way =m$ 9 ab\t a ye> f ! "t ( graft+1 ,z an in/ance ( h[ easily "s k9ds may be graft$1 we may note :at 0 done ) a l>ge head ( ! ,rat's-tail ,cactus :i* _h be5 gr[n = "s ye>s on ! /em ( ,c]eus ro/ratus1 b :i* la/ ye> rott$ (f j bel[ ! po9t ( union4 ,on re-graft+ ?is head on to ! ,c]eus a little l[] d[n1 x fail$ to unite1 &1 attribut+ ! failure to possible ill-heal? 9 ! /ock1 we det]m9$ to transf] ! ,rat's-tail ,cactus to a l>ge /em ( ,p]eskia aculeata1 ! result be+ a quick union & rapid1 heal?y gr[? s9ce4 ,^u ! same /ock "s grafts ( ,epiphyllum _h previ\sly be5 work$1 s t x is probable ^! two ali5s w =m on _! nurse-/em1 ! ,p]eskia1 an attractive comb9ation4 ,9 ,fig4 #f we h a f9e example ( ?is k9d ( graft+4 ,x repres5ts a /em ( ,p]eskia ,bleo ^u :i* ! ,rat's-tail ,cactus & an ,epiphyllum h be5 graft$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #f4 ,,p]eskia ,,bleo1 ,,) ,,epiphyllum ,,& ,,c]eus ,,flagelli=mis ,,graft$ ,,^u ,,x4 ,= mo/ plants ! op]ation ( graft+ mu/ be c>efully & skilfully p]=m$1 b 9 ! case ( ,cactuses v little skill is necess>y if "o or two rules1 :i* apply to all k9ds ( graft+1 are obs]v$4 ,! p]iod ( vigor\s gr[?1 & :ile ! sap ( bo? ! /ock & ! scion is 9 motion1 is ! mo/ fav\rable "t = ! op]ation4 ,x is !n only necess>y1 9 ord] to br+ ab\t a spe$y union1 t ! p>ts graft$ %\ld be cut s z to fit ea* o!r prop]ly1 & !n b\nd or 9 "s way fa/5$ toge!r s t !y w rema9 9 close contact ) ea* o!r till a union is effect$4 ,a close atmosph]e &1 if possible1 a little %ade %\ld be af=d$ ! work$ plants till ! grafts h tak54 ,! ligature us$ %\ld n be b\nd r\nd ! graft too tightly1 or x w prev5t ! fl[ ( ! sap2 if b\nd tightly en\gh to hold ! p>ts toge!r & to prev5t _! slipp+1 t w be f\nd q suffici5t4 ,epiphyllums are treat$ z foll[s3 ,cutt+s ( ,p]eskia are root$ & gr[n on to ! requir$ size1 & 9 ! mon? ( ,septemb] !y are head$ d[n1 ! tops be+ us$ z cutt+s4 ,grafts ( ,epiphyllum are !n prep>$ by cutt+ !m to ! requir$ l5g?1 usually ab\t #f 941 & remov+ a ?9 slice ( ! fle%y /em on ea* side s z to =m a flat w$ge4 ,! /em ( ,p]eskia is !n split d[n ab\t #a 94 ) a %>p knife1 & into ?is ! w$ge ( ! graft is ins]t$1 & fa/5$ ei!r by means ( a small p9 pass$ ?r\gh ! /em & graft ab\t half-way up ! slit1 or by b9d+ r\nd !m a little wor/$ or matt+1 ! =m] be+ pref]r$4 ,! work$ plants are !n plac$ 9 a close h&light or propagat+ frame1 hav+ a temp]ature ( ab\t #ge degs41 :]e !y are kept moi/ by spr9kl+ !m daily ) wat]2 !y mu/ be %ad$ f bright sunlight4 ,z soon z a union has be5 effect$1 :i* w be se5 by ! grafts beg9n+ to gr[1 ! ligature & p9 %\ld be remov$1 & ! plants gradually h>d5$ (f by admitt+ air to ! box1 till f9ally !y may be remov$ to ! h\se :]e x is int5d$ to gr[ !m4 ,9 a cottage w9d[ ?is op]ation may be successfully p]=m$ if a box ) a movable glass top1 or a l>ge bell glass1 be us$ to keep ! grafts close till !y h tak54 ,= ! sph]ical-/emm$ k9ds ( ,mamill>ia1 ,c]eus1 ,e*9ocactus1 c41 a diff]5t me?od is f\nd to answ]4 ,in/ead ( cutt+ ! base ( ! graft to a w$ge %ape1 x is simply cut across ! base horizontally1 or1 9 o!r words1 a portion ( ! bottom ( ! graft is slic$ (f1 & a /ock procur$ :i*1 :5 cut across ! top1 w ab\t fit ! w\nd at ! base ( ! scion2 ! two slic$ p>ts are plac$ toge!r1 & secur$ ei!r by pass+ a piece ( matt+ a few times ov] ! top ( ! graft & "u ! pot conta9+ ! /ock1 or by plac+ ?ree /akes ar\nd x 9 su* a way t1 :5 ti$ toge!r at ! top1 !y w hold ! graft firmly 9 position4 ,ano!r me?od is t ( cutt+ ! base ( ! scion 9 ! =m ( a r\nd w$ge1 & !n scoop+ a hole out 9 ! c5tre ( ! /ock l>ge en\gh to fit ?is w$ge2 ! scion is press$ into ?is1 & !n secur$ 9 ! mann] above m5tion$4 ,to graft "o sph]ical-/emm$ k9d on to ?ree column>-/emm$ ones1 ! latt] mu/ fir/ be e/abli%$ 9 "o pot &1 :5 ready = graft+1 cut at ! top into r\nd$ w$ges1 ?ree holes to correspond be+ cut into ! scion4 ,:5 fix$1 ! top %\ld be securely fa/5$ by ty+ x to ! pot1 or by means ( /akes4 ,= ?is la/ op]ation1 a little pati5ce & c>e are necess>y to make ! /ocks & scions fit prop]ly2 b if ! rules t apply to graft+ are prop]ly foll[$1 !re w be little fe> ( ! op]ation fail+4 ,9 ! accompany+ illu/rations1 we h a small ,mamill>ia /em graft$ on to ! apex ( ! tall quadrangul>-/emm$1 night-fl[]+ ,c]eus 7,fig4 #g71 & also a cyl9drical-/emm$ ,opuntia work$ on a bran* ( ! flat1 battl$ore-l ,indian ,fig 7,fig4 #h47 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #g4--;,,graft ,,( ,,mamill>ia ,,recurva ,,on ,,c]eus ,,nycticalus4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #h4--;,,graft ,,( ,,opuntia ,,decipi5s ,,on ,o4 ,,ficus-,,indica4 ,9 ! h&s ( a skilful cultivator1 ! diff]5t ,cactuses may be made to unite ) "o ano!r almo/ z easily z clay "u ! m\ld]'s h&s2 :il/ ev5 to ! amateur1 ,cactuses af=d ! easie/ ( subjects = obs]v+ ! results ( graft+4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,! ,,g5us ,,epiphyllum4 7,f epi ^u1 & phyllon1 a leaf74 ,x is n[ ab\t a c5tury s9ce "s ( ! mo/ beautiful ( ,cactace\s plants came into cultivation 9 ?is c\ntry1 & among/ !m 0 ! plant n[ kn[n z ,e4 truncatum1 b !n call$ ,cactus ,epiphyllum2 ! "n ,cactus be+ us$ 9 a g5]ic s5se1 & n1 z n[1 m]ely z a g5]al t]m = ! ,natural ,ord]4 ,introduc$ s e>ly1 & at once f9d+ great fav\r z a curi\s & beautiful fl[]+ plant1 ,e4 truncatum has be51 & is /ill1 ext5sively cultivat$1 & num]\s v>ieties ( x h1 z a consequ5ce1 orig9at$ 9 ,engli% g>d5s4 ,we d n use ! se$s ( ^! plants = _! propagation1 unless new v>ieties are desir$1 :5 we mu/ beg9 by f]tilis+ ! fl[]s1 & ?us obta9 se$s1 :i* %\ld be s[n & gr[n on till ! plants fl[]4 ,epiphyllums h already brok5 f _! orig9al or wild *>act]s1 & are1 !re=e1 likely to yield di/9ct v>ieties f ! fir/ s[+4 ,9 ! =e/s :i* clo! ! slopes ( ! ,organ ,m\nta9s1 9 ,brazil1 ! ,epiphyllums are f\nd 9 great abundance1 gr[+ ^u ! trunks & bran*es ( l>ge trees1 & occasionally on ! gr\nd or ^u rocks1 up to an elevation ( #fjjj ft4 ,x 0 "h t ,g>dn]1 :5 travell+ 9 ,s\? ,am]ica1 f\nd ,e4 truncatum gr[+ 9 great luxuriance1 & along ) x ! species kn[n z ,e4 ,russellianum1 :i* he s5t to ! ,duke ( ,b$=d's g>d51 at ,woburn1 9 #ahci4 ,^! two species are ! only ones n[ recognis$ by botani/s1 all ! o!r cultivat$ k9ds be+ ei!r v>ieties (1 or crosses rais$ f1 !m4 ,! "* by :i* ,epiphyllums are di/+ui%$ f o!r ,cactuses1 is _! flatt5$1 long1 sl5d] bran*es1 :i* are =m$ ( succul5t1 gre51 leaf-l bran*lets1 gr[+ out ( ! ends ( ea* o!r1 to a l5g? ( f #c ft4 to #d ft4 ,z 9 ! majority ( ,cactuses1 ! /ems ( ,epiphyllum become woody & almo/ cyl9drical ) age1 ! axes ( ! bran*lets swell out1 & ! edges ei!r disappe> or rema9 atta*$1 l a pair ( w+s4 ,cultivation4--,epiphyllums require ! temp]ature ( an int]m$iate h\se 9 w9t]1 :il/1 9 summ]1 any position :]e !y c be kept a little close & moi/1 & be %ad$ f bright sun%9e1 w suit !m4 ,rememb]+ t _! habit1 :5 wild1 is to gr[ ^u ! trunks ( trees1 :]e !y w\ld be af=d$ consid]able %ade by ! ov]hang+ bran*es1 we _c be wrong 9 %ad+ !m f direct sun%9e dur+ summ]4 ,"s gr[]s recomm5d plac+ ^! plants 9 a hot1 dry h\se2 b we h nev] se5 good specim5s cultivat$ "u su* conditions4 ,all ?r\gh ! summ] mon?s1 ! plants %\ld be syr+$ bo? morn+ & ev5+2 b by ! end ( ,augu/ !y w h complet$ _! gr[?1 & %\ld1 !re=e1 be gradually expos$ to sun%9e & air4 ,x is advisable to discont9ue ! use ( ! syr+e f ,septemb] till ! return ( spr+1 b ! plants %\ld always be kept suppli$ ) a little moi/ure at ! root & 9 ! air ab\t !m dur+ ! w9t] mon?s4 ,9 ?is respect1 ^! plants & ! ,rhipsalis are exceptions among ,cactuses1 z all ! o!rs are safe/ :5 kept dry dur+ ! cold1 dull wea!r betwe5 ,septemb] & ,april4 ,! soil mo/ suitable = !m is a mixture ( peat1 loam1 & s&1 unless a light & fibr\s loam be obta9able1 :i* is1 p]haps1 ! be/ ( all soils = ^! plants1 requir+ only ! addition ( a little rott$ manure or leaf-m\ld1 silv] s&1 & "s small brick rubble4 ,! ,p]eskia /ock is n a /\t-root$ plant1 & does n1 !re=e1 require mu* root-room1 al?\gh1 by putt+ 9 pl5ty ( brok5 crocks z dra9age1 ! soil space 9 ! pots may be r$uc$ to :at is consid]$ suffici5t = ! plant4 ,if small pots are us$1 ! head ( ! plant is apt to ov]balance ! :ole4 ,! /ems %\ld be secur$ to /\t /akes1 &1 if l>ge1 umbrella-l specim5s are want$1 a frame %\ld be made 9 ! =m ( an umbrella1 & ! /em & bran*es fa/5$ to x4 ,small] plants may be kept 9 position by means ( a s+le upright /ake1 :i* %\ld be long en\gh to /& an in* or two above ! head ( ! plant1 s t ! /\te/ bran*es may be support$ by atta*+ a piece ( matt+ to !m1 & fa/5+ x to ! top ( ! /ake4 ,9 ! rem>ks ^u graft+ we m5tion$ ! l>ge pyramidal specim5s ( ,epiphyllum :i* are gr[n by "s cultivators = exhibition purposes2 &1 al?\gh ^! plants are mu* r>] at exhibitions n[ ?an !y 7 a few ye>s ago1 yet !y d sometimes appe>1 especially 9 ! nor!rn t[ns1 su* z ,liv]pool & ,man*e/]4 ,x w\ld n be easy to f9d a m beautiful object dur+ w9t] ?an an ,epiphyllum1 #e ft4 or #f ft4 high1 & ne>ly ! same 9 wid? at ! base1 =m+ a d5se pyramid ( droop+1 /rap-l bran*es be>+ sev]al hundr$s ( _! bright & delicate col\r$ blossoms all at "o "t1 & la/+ 9 beauty = sev]al weeks4 ,) a little skill & pati5ce1 plants ( ?is size may be gr[n by any amateur :o possesses a w>m gre5h\se2 &1 al?\gh x is n easy to manage su* l>ge plants 9 a room w9d[1 h&some little specim5s ( ! same =m may be gr[n if ! w9d[ is fav\rably situat$ & ! room kept w>m 9 w9t]4 ,mr4 ,j4 ,wallis1 g>d5] to ,g4 ,toml9e1 ,esq41 ( ,ipswi*1 has become fam\s = ! size & heal? ( ! specim5s he has produc$4 ,writ+ on ! cultivation ( ,epiphyllums1 ,mr4 ,wallis gives ! foll[+ details1 :i* are especially valuable z com+ f "o ( ! mo/ successful cultivators ( ^! beautiful plants3 ,! ,epiphyllums "h are gr[n = fl[]+ 9 ! cons]vatory1 & are usually gay f ! fir/ week 9 ,novemb] till ,febru>y4 ,dur+ ! rema9d] ( ! ye>1 !y occupy a ?ree-qu>t] span-ro( h\se1 9 :i* an int]m$iate temp]ature is ma9ta9$4 ,all our ,epiphyllums are graft$ on ! ,p]eskia aculeata4 ,we graft a few at int]vals ( two or ?ree ye>s1 s1 if any ( ! old] plants become sickly or %abby1 !y are ?r[n away1 & ! y\ng] ones gr[n on4 ,"s ( ! /ocks are work$ to =m pyramids1 & "s to =m /&>ds4 ,! height ( ! pyramids is #f ft41 &1 to =m ^!1 six or eight scions are ins]t$4 ,! heads ( ! /&>ds are on /ems rang+ 9 height f #d ft4 d[n to #a ft4 ,to =m ^! heads1 only "o scion is put on ! /ock4 ,"s ( our olde/ pyramids are #d ft4 or #e ft4 ?r\gh at ! base1 & ! heads ( ! /&>ds q z mu*4 ,:5 9 fl[]1 ! heads ( ! latt] droop almo/ to ! pots4 ,! pyramids occupy ,no4#b & ,no4#d siz$ pots1 ! /&>ds #h's & #ab's4 ,ea* plant is secur$ to a /rong iron /ake1 ) ?ree prongs fitt+ ! inside ( ! pot1 & ! ,epiphyllum is kept well support$ to ! /ake by ties ( /\t wire4 ,aft] ! plants are well e/abli%$1 !y are easily manag$1 & g _m ye>s )\t repott+2 b1 ( c\rse1 we top-dress !m annually1 previ\sly remov+ z mu* ( ! old soil z w come away easily4 ,we gr[ ^! plants ) pl5ty ( v5tilation on all fav\rable occasions1 & !y are seldom %ad$4 ,dur+ active gr[?1 wat] is giv5 freely1 occasionally liquid manure2 !y are also syr+$ daily4 ,aft] ! season's gr[? is complet$1 wat] is giv5 m sp>+ly1 & syr++ is disp5s$ )4 ,:5 gr[n on _! own roots1 ,epiphyllums are useful = plant+ 9 wire baskets int5d$ to hang ne> ! glass2 l>ge & v h&some specim5s =m 9 a few ye>s1 if "y root$ plants are plac$ r ?ickly r\nd ! sides ( ! baskets1 & gr[n 9 a w>m h\se4 ,epiphyllums are employ$ ) good effect = cov]+ walls1 :i* are fir/ cov]$ ) peaty soil by means ( wire nett+1 & !n cutt+s ( ! ,epiphyllums are /uck 9 at int]vals ( ab\t #a ft4 ,! effect ( a wall ( ! droop+ bran*es ( ^! plants is attractive ev5 :5 )\t _! beautiful fl[]s2 b :5 se5 9 w9t]1 clo!d ) hundr$s ( sp>kl+ blossoms1 !y pres5t a mo/ beautiful picture4 ,l>ge plants ( ,p]eskia may be tra9$ ov] pill>s 9 cons]vatories & aft]w>ds graft$ ) ,epiphyllums2 9 fact1 !re are _m ways 9 :i* ^! plants may be effectively employ$ 9 g>d5s4 ,,species4 ,e4 truncatum 7jagg$72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #befb4--;,bran*lets f #a 94 to #c 94 long1 & #a 94 wide1 ) two or ?ree di/9ct tee? along ! edges1 & a too!d or jagg$ apex 7h5ce ! specific "n74 ,! fl[]s are #c 94 long1 curv$ above & bel[1 n unlike ! lett] ,s2 ! petals & sepals reflex$1 & expos+ ! num]\s yell[ an!rs1 ?r\gh :i* ! club-head$ /igma protrudes2 col\r1 a deep rose-r$1 ! base ( ! petals slightly pal]4 ,! v>ieties diff] 9 hav+ col\rs :i* v>y f almo/ pure :ite1 ) purpli% tips1 to a uni=m ri* purple1 :il/ su* col\rs z salmon1 rose1 orange1 & sc>let1 are conspicu\s among !m4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #i4--;,,epiphyllum ,,russellianum4 ,e4 ,russellianum 7,russell's72 ,fig4 #i4--,?is has small] bran*lets ?an ! type plant 7,e4 truncatum71 & is ?us easily di/+ui%$2 !y d n exce$ #a 94 9 l5g? & 94 9 wid?1 :il/ ! edges are irregul>ly & fa9tly not*$1 n di/9ctly too!d1 z 9 ,e4 truncatum4 ,! fl[]s are a little l>g] ?an 9 ! old] k9d1 & are n curv$1 :il/ ! petals are n>r[]2 _! col\r is bright rosy-r$4 ,?is species fl[]s r lat] 9 ! ye> ?an ,e4 truncatum1 & may be _h 9 blossom s late z ! mon? ( ,may or ,june4 ,!re are sev]al v>ieties ( x :i* h ei!r l>g] & d>k]1 or small] & v>i\sly t9t$ fl[]s4 ,bo? ! species w cross ) ea* o!r1 & probably _m ( ! v>ieties enum]at$ by nurs]ym5 h be5 obta9$ 9 ?is way4 ,,v>ieties4 ,! foll[+ is a selection ( ! be/ v>ieties1 ) a %ort description ( ! fl[]s ( ea*3 ,e4 bicolor 7two-col\r$74--,tube ( fl[] :ite2 petals purple1 becom+ almo/ :ite t[>ds ! base4 ,e4 ,bridgesii 7,bridges'74--,tube violet2 petals d>k purple4 ,e4 cocc9eum 7sc>let74--,bright sc>let1 pal] at ! base ( ! petals4 ,e4 cru5tum 7bloody74--,tube purpli%-sc>let2 petals bright sc>let4 ,e4 ,ga]tn]i 7,ga]tn]'s74--,?is is an int]e/+ & beautiful hybrid1 rais$ f ,epiphyllum & a ,c]eus ( "s k9d4 ,! bran*lets are exactly ! same z ^? ( ,e4 truncatum1 b ! fl[]s are n l ,epiphyllum at all1 resembl+ r ^? ( ,c]eus or ,phyllocactus4 ,!y are brilliant sc>let 9 col\r1 %ad$ ) violet4 ,e4 magnificum 7magnific5t74--,tube rosy-violet2 petals d>k r$4 ,e4 salmoneum 7salmon-col\r$74--,tube & base ( petals :ite1 re/ salmon-r$1 %ad$ ) purple4 ,e4 spectabile 7rem>kable74--,tube & base ( petals :ite2 tips ( petals c>m9e4 ,e4 tricolor 7?ree-col\r$74--,tube salmon-r$2 petals r$1 c5tre purpli%4 ,e4 violaceum 7violet74--,tube :ite2 petals c>m9e1 m>g9$ ) violet-purple4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,! ,,g5us ,,phyllocactus4 7,f phyllon1 a leaf1 & ,cactus74 ,z 9 ! case ( ! ,epiphyllums1 ! pr9cipal "* by :i* ! ,phyllocactus is di/+ui%$ is well describ$ by ! "n1 ! diff]5ce betwe5 x & ,epiphyllum be+ t 9 ! =m] ! fl[]s are produc$ along ! m>g9s ( ! flatt5$ bran*es1 :]eas 9 ! latt] !y are borne on ! apices ( ! %ort1 truncate divisions4 ,if we comp>e any ( ! ,phyllocactuses ) ,c]eus triangul>is1 or ) ,c4 speciosissimus1 we %all f9d t ! fl[]s are precisely simil> bo? 9 =m & col\r1 & sometimes also 9 size4 ,9 all ! k9ds ! /em is compress$ lat]ally1 s z to look z if x _h be5 hamm]$ out flat2 or sometimes x is ?ree-angl$1 & ! m>g9s are deeply not*$ or s]rat$4 ,^! not*es are really ! divisions betwe5 "o leaf & ano!r1 = ! flat1 fle%y portions or w+s ( ! /ems ( ^! plants are simply modifi$ leaves--n prop]ly sep>at$ f ea* o!r & f ! /em1 b /ill to all int5ts & purposes leaves--:i*1 z ! plant increases & matures1 gradually )] away1 leav+ ! c5tral or woody portion to assume ! cyl9drical /em :i* we f9d 9 all old ,phyllocactuses4 ,x is f ^! not*es t ! l>ge1 %[y fl[]s are develop$1 j z 9 plants ! fl[]s ( :i* are borne f ! axils ( ! leaves4 ,"u ! names ,sple5wort-leav$ ,indian ,figs1 & ,w+$ ,tor*-?i/les1 z well z ^? "h adopt$1 ! mo/ beautiful p]haps ( all ,cactuses1 & c]ta9ly ! mo/ useful 9 a g>d5 s5se1 h be5 cultivat$ 9 ,engli% g>d5s = m ?an #aej ye>s2 = x 0 9 #agaj t ! fl[]+ ( ,e4 ,phyllan?us 0 fir/ record$ 9 ,engli% horticulture4 ,philip ,mill] grew x ) _m o!r ,cactuses 9 ! botanical g>d5 at ,*elsea :i* 0 f\nd$ by ,sir ,hans ,sloane1 9 #afgc1 to be ma9ta9$ = ! manife/ation ( ! p[]1 wisdom1 & glory ( ,god 9 ! works ( creation1 & :i* /ill exi/s z ! botanical emporium ( ! ,apo!c>ies' ,society4 ,! majority ( ! gorge\s ,phyllocactuses :i* we n[ possess are ( only rec5t introduction1 or are ! result ( cultivation & cross+4 ,! species are natives ( v>i\s p>ts ( tropical ,am]ica1 *iefly ,mexico & ,c5tral ,am]ica1 :]e !y are f\nd g5]ally gr[+1 9 company ) ,bromeliads & ,or*ids1 ^u ! trunks ( gigantic =e/-trees4 ,phyllocactuses are !re=e epiphytes :5 9 a wild /ate1 b "u cultivation ) u1 !y ?rive be/ :5 plant$ 9 pots or 9 baskets--! latt] me?od be+ adapt$ = "o or two small] k9ds4 ,x is easy to imag9e ! gorge\sness ( a gr\p ( ^! plants :5 se5 envelop+ a l>ge tree-trunk1 clo?+ x1 z x 71 ) balls ( brilliant or pure :ite fl[]s4 ,we are told by travell]s ( ! spl5d\rs ( a ,cactus haunt dur+ ! fl[]+ season1 & ^? :o h se5 a well-manag$ pot specim5 ( ,phyllocactus :5 cov]$ ) l>ge1 dazzl+ fl[]s1 c =m "s idea ( :at wild plants are l :5 se5 by hundr$s toge!r1 & surr\nd$ by ! gre5 foliage & fe/oon+ climb]s :i* associate ) !m 9 ! =e/s :]e !y ab\nd4 ,cultivation4--,= ! foll[+ cultural notes we are indebt$ to a mo/ successful gr[] ( ,cactuses 9 ,g]many1 ^: collection ( ,phyllocactuses is exceptionally ri* & well manag$3 ,! gr[+ season = ^! plants is f ab\t ! end ( ,april1 or aft] ! fl[]s are ov]1 till ! end ( ,augu/4 ,z soon z gr[? comm5ces1 ! plants %\ld be repott$4 ,a light1 ri* soil %\ld be us$1 a mixture ( loam1 peat1 & leaf-m\ld1 or rott5 manure ) a little s&1 be+ suitable4 ,small plants %\ld h a fair %ift2 l>g] ones only into a size ( pot :i* j admits ( a ?9 lay] ( fre% soil4 ,:5 pot-b\nd1 ! plants fl[] mo/ freely1 & x is n necess>y to repot l>ge specim5s m (t5 ?an ab\t once e ?ree ye>s4 ,:5 pott$ !y %\ld be plac$ 9 a sunny position 9 a close h\se or frame1 & be kept freely wat]$4 ,9 bright wea!r !y may be syr+$ ov]head twice a day4 ,= ! fir/ few days aft] repott+ x is advisable to %ade ! plants f bright sun%9e4 ,a /ove temp]ature is requir$ until gr[? is f9i%$4 ,aft] ?is !y %\ld be gradually rip5$ by admitt+ m air & expos+ to all ! sunlight possible4 ,dur+ w9t] v little wat] is ne$$1 j suffici5t to prev5t %rivell+ be+ safe/4 ,excess ( moi/ure 9 w9t] is ru9\s1 z x (t5 kills ! roots1 & sometimes causes ! plant to rot (f at ! coll>4 ,! l[e/ temp]ature 9 w9t] %\ld be #ej degs41 l[] ?an ?is be+ unsafe1 :il/ 9 mild wea!r x might be #e degs4 high]4 ,x is a bad plan to turn ^! plants r\nd1 9 ord]1 z "s ?9k1 to rip5 ! gr[?s prop]ly4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 x does no good1 b (t5 does h>m1 by sudd5ly expos+ ! t5d] p>ts to ! full =ce ( sunlight4 ,! /ems may be tra9$ ei!r 9 ! =m ( a fan or z a bu%4 ,old bran*es :i* h fl[]$ & are %rivell+ may be cut away 9 ! spr+4 ,"s f9e specim5s h be5 gr[n 9 pockets on old walls inside lean-to gre5h\ses1 :]e ! conditions h be5 fav\rable to ! heal?y gr[? & fl[]+ ( mo/ ( ! species4 ,:5 gr[n 9 ?is way1 wat] mu/ be suppli$ exactly z advis$ = plants gr[n 9 pots2 if ! pockets are n )9 easy rea* ( ! wat]+ pot1 ! plants c be wat]$ by means ( a heavy syr++4 ,propagation4--,= ! propagation ( ! ,phyllocactus ei!r ! :ole plant may be divid$ at ! base1 or cutt+s ( ! bran*es may be us$2 ! latt]1 aft] hav+ dri$ by rema9+ ) _! bases expos$ to ! air = a day or two1 %\ld be plant$ 9 small pots fill$ ) v s&y soil2 !y may be plac$ on a dry1 sunny %elf ne> ! glass1 & be slightly spr9kl$ ov]head daily till root$4 ,se$s1 :i* sometimes rip5 on cultivat$ plants1 %\ld be ga!r$ z soon z ! fle%y fruits h turn$ to a purpli% col\r1 dri$ = a day or s1 !n s[n 9 a light1 por\s soil1 & plac$ 9 a w>m frame or h\se to g]m9ate4 ,,species4 ,p4 ,ak]manni 7nam$ aft] a ,mr4 ,ak]mann1 :o introduc$ x f ,mexico 9 #ahbi72 ,fig4 #aj4--,/em becom+ cyl9drical at an e>ly age1 & clo!d ) little clu/]s ( sp9y hairs2 ! bran*es are flatt5$ out1 & =m broad1 r ?91 blade-l gr[?s1 ) ! m>g9s s9uately lob$ 7wav$ & not*$74 ,! fl[]s are l>ge--ov] #f 94 9 diamet]--! petals1 v acutely po9t$ & undulat$ along ! edges2 fl[] tube #b 94 long1 ) a few small scales scatt]$ ov] its surface2 /am5s curv$1 clu/]$ ar\nd ! /igma1 & almo/ hid+ x4 ,col\r ( :ole fl[] a ri* sc>let1 ) a sat9-l lu/re4 ,fl[]s 9 ,june & ,july4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aj4 ,,phyllocactus ,,ak]manni4 ,?is is "o ( ! be/-kn[n k9ds1 hav+ be5 ext5sively cultivat$ z an ornam5tal gre5h\se plant till )9 ! la/ few ye>s4 ,x 0 gr[n by sev]al nurs]ym5 = ,cov5t ,g>d5 ,m>ket ab\t eight ye>s ago2 small plants1 ab\t #a ft4 high1 & be>+ ea* f two to six fl[]s1 f9d+ mu* fav\r among ! co/]mong]s1 z ! plants c\ld be b\ght at a l[ price1 &1 ow+ to _! l>ge1 brilliant fl[]s1 always sold well at a good pr(it4 ,?is species has be5 employ$ by ! hybridi/s = ! obta9+ ( new k9ds1 & "s v h&some & di/9ct v>ieties h consequ5tly be5 rais$4 ,z well z cross+ ) o!r species ( ,phyllocactus1 ,p4 ,ak]manni has be5 us$ 9 comb9ation ) sev]al species ( ,c]eus1 good hybrids hav+ be5 ! result4 ,z a compact-gr[+ & free-fl[]+ species1 ?is may be specially recomm5d$4 ,p4 angulig] 7angle-/emm$72 ,fig4 #aa4--,! bran*es ( ?is k9d are di/+ui%$ by hav+ ! not*es along _! m>g9s m l ! tee? ( a saw ?an ! o!rs4 ,! habit is r /iff & erect4 ,! fl[]s are produc$ ne> ! apex ( ! bran*es1 & are compos$ ( a curv$ tube #f 94 long1 spread+ out at ! top to a wid? ( #f 941 & surm\nt$ by a :orl ( pure :ite petals1 9 ! c5tre ( :i* are ! /am5s1 r few 9 numb]1 & ! l>ge1 t5-ray$ /igma4 ,! fl[]s are develop$ 9 ,decemb] & ,janu>y1 & h a p[]ful & delici\s od\r4 ,introduc$1 9 #ahcg1 f ,we/ ,mexico1 :]e x is said to gr[ 9 oak =e/s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aa4--,,phyllocactus ,,angulig]4 ,p4 7,disocactus7 bi=mis 7two-=m$72 ,fig4 #ab4--,?is is a small plant1 & is int]m$iate betwe5 ?is g5us & ! ,epiphyllums4 ,x possesses no p>ticul> beauty or di/9ctive "* su* z w\ld r5d] x ( mu* value = g>d5 purposes4 ,! bran*es are %ort1 r n>r[ & droop+1 ! m>g9s not*$ & t+$ ) r$4 ,! fl[]s are borne g5]ally on ! ends ( ! bran*es1 & are droop+ 9 habit2 9 =m !y are m l ! ,epiphyllums ?an ! ord9>y ,phyllocactuses1 z !y h _! petals arrang$ 9 a sort ( tube ab\t #c 94 long4 ,! fruit is a r$ b]ry z l>ge z a gooseb]ry4 ,honduras1 #ahci4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ab4--,,phyllocactus ,,bi=mis4 ,p4 cr5atus 7too!d72 ,bot4 ,reg4 #cjca4--;,a l>ge-fl[]$ & v beautiful species1 rivall+1 9 ! size & fragrance ( its blossoms1 ! gigantic night-fl[]+ ,c]eus gr&iflorus4 ,x gr[s to a height ( ab\t #b ft41 ) r\nd-bas$ bran*es1 ! upp] portion flatt5$ out & ! m>g9s s]rat$4 ,! fl[] tube is #d 94 long1 br[ni%-gre51 z also are ! sepals2 petals #d 94 long1 9 a :orl1 ! po9ts curv+ inw>ds2 /am5s & pi/il erect1 =m+ along ) ! petals a l>ge /> ( a pale cream-col\r4 ,! beauty & fragrance ( ^! fl[]s1 :i* op5 9 ,june1 r5d] !m specially valuable = cutt+ & plac+ 9 rooms1 :]e1 not)/&+ _! %ort duration1 !y nev] fail to w9 mu* admiration4 ,introduc$ f ,honduras1 9 #ahci4 ,?is f9e species is "o ( ! p>5ts ( ! hybrids :i* h be5 rais$ bo? 9 ?is c\ntry & 9 ,am]ica1 :]e ,mr4 ,hovey succe$$ 9 obta9+ "s ( ! *oice/ z reg>ds col\r & size4 ,"s ( ^! latt] 7 exhibit$ 9 ,london two or ?ree ye>s ago1 & 7 mu* admir$4 ,p4 gr&is 7l>ge-fl[]$74--,! l>ge1 creamy-:ite fl[]s ( ?is plant are l ^? ( ! night-fl[]+ ,c]eus2 &1 9 addition to ! simil>ity 9 =m & size betwe5 ^! two1 !re is a fur!r "o 9 ! "t :5 ! fl[]s exp&1 ?is species1 along ) "o or two o!rs1 op5+ its fl[]s aft] sunset2 & al?\gh !y rema9 9 good condition till late on 9 ! day foll[+1 & sometimes ev5 long]1 we may suppose t ! prop] fl[]+ "t is at night4 ,! delici\s almond sc5t ( ! fl[]s ( ?is f9e ,cactus is s /rong1 t dur+ ! fl[]+ p]iod ! atmosph]e ( ! l>ge ,cactus-h\se at ,kew ,g>d5s is p]meat$ ) x1 ! l>ge specim5s !re hav+ usually a score or m fl[]s op5 toge!r1 ! effect ( :i* is truly gr&4 ,ev5 ?is numb] ( fl[]s is1 = ?is species1 by no means extraord9>y1 specim5s hav+ be5 gr[n else:]e1 9 pots only #h 94 across1 ) z _m fl[]s op5 on ea*4 ,f ?is x w be se5 t ,p4 gr&is is "o ( ! mo/ useful k9ds1 its l>ge1 sweet-sc5t$ fl[]s1 & its free-gr[+ nature1 r5d]+ x ( exceptional value z a decorative plant4 ,its bran*es are broad & not*$ along ! m>g9s1 & ! fl[]s are #a ft4 9 l5g?1 includ+ ! tube1 :il/ across ! broad1 spread+ petals !y measure almo/ z mu*4 ,honduras4 ,introduc$ #ahcg 7874 ,"t ( fl[]+1 summ] & autumn4 ,p4 ,hook]i 7,hook]'s72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #bfib1 "u ,cactus ,phyllan?us4--,a robu/-gr[+ k9d1 (t5 atta9+ to ! size ( a good %rub4 ,its fl[]s exp& 9 ! ev5+1 & are sweet-sc5t$4 ,!y are produc$ along ! m>g9s ( ! broad1 flat1 deeply-not*$ bran*es1 ! s]ratures be+ r\nd$ in/ead ( angl$1 z 9 "s ( ! k9ds4 ,! tube ( ! fl[] is long & sl5d]1 no ?ick] ?an a goose quill1 & cov]$ ) r$di% scales2 ! petals are spread+1 & =m a cup #f 94 across2 !y are n>r[1 po9t$1 & pure :ite1 ! out] :orl1 z well z ! sepals1 be+ t+$ on ! "u side ) a tawny col\r4 ,! /am5s =m a l>ge clu/] 9 ! c5tre1 & are bright yell[1 ! /yle be+ r$ & yell[4 ,x is probable t ?is plant has be5 9 cultivation = _m ye>s1 z x 0 figur$ 9 ! "w quot$ above "u ! "n ( "o ( ! fir/ introduc$ k9ds ( ,phyllocactus1 f :i*1 h[ev]1 x is abundantly di/9ct1 z w be se5 by a comp>ison ( ! descriptions ( ! two4 ,!re are1 9 ! ,kew collection1 sev]al l>ge plants ( ,p4 ,hook]i t fl[] annually dur+ ! summ] & autumn4 ,brazil4 ,p4 latifrons 7broad-/emm$72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #chac4--,?is is ano!r l>ge-gr[+ species1 z l>ge at lea/ z ,p4 ,hook]i1 to :i*1 inde$1 x be>s a close resemblance1 bo? 9 fl[]s & 9 habit4 ,l t species1 too1 its date ( introduction is n kn[n1 ?\gh x appe>s to h be5 cultivat$ 9 ,engl& at an e>ly p]iod4 ,x may be gr[n s z to =m a l>ge %rub 9 a few ye>s2 or by cutt+ x back annually1 or gr[+ on "y plants f cutt+s e two ye>s1 nice little pot plants may be obta9$2 & z ! plant produces fl[]s freely :5 9 a small /ate1 x is available = small gre5h\ses z well z = l>ge ones4 ,a f9e specim51 su*1 = in/ance1 z t at ,kew1 :i* is ov] #h ft4 9 height1 & well furni%$ ) bran*es1 is an attractive object :5 clo!d ) num]\s creamy-:ite fl[]s1 "h & !re t+$ ) r$4 ,! bran*es are f #d 94 to #e 94 broad1 & deeply not*$2 ! fl[]s are ab\t #h 94 9 l5g?1 & ! same across ! spread+ petals4 ,mexico4 ,spr+4 ,p4 phyllan?us 7leaf-fl[]+74--,?is species is n[ r>ely se5 9 cultivation4 ,z ! olde/ ( ! g>d5 k9ds x is1 h[ev]1 des]v+ ( a little notice4 ,philip ,mill] grew x 9 8 collection 9 #agaj4 ,! bran*es are broad & flat1 ! edges wav$1 n not*$1 & ! fl[]s are compos$ ( a ?9 tortu\s tube1 #i 94 9 l5g?1 be>+ at ! top a :orl ( recurv$ gre5i% petals1 #a 94 long1 ) a clu/] ( :iti% /am5s & a gre51 club-%ap$ /yle & /igma4 ,brazil4 ,p4 phyllan?oides 7phyllan?us-l72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #bjib4--;,= ! introduction ( ?is h&some-fl[]$ k9d we are indebt$ to ! great travell]s & naturali/s1 ,humboldt & ,bonpl&1 :o discov]$ x gr[+ 9 ! woods ^u ! trunks ( old trees ar\nd ,c>tag5a 9 ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,plants ( x 7 =w>d$ by !m to ,france1 :]e !y fl[]$ = ! fir/ "t 9 #ahaa4 ,f t "t till n[ ?is species has be5 9 fav\r z a g>d5 plant1 ?\gh x is1 at ! pres5t "t1 mu* less common 9 ,engli% g>d5s ?an x des]ves to be4 ,! bran*es are broad1 triangul> :5 "y1 flat :5 old1 ab\t #a ft4 long by #b 94 wide1 ) %all[ incisions1 ! s]rations r %>ply angl$4 ,! height ( ! plant is f #b ft4 to #c ft4 ,! fl[]s are produc$ on ! m>g9s ( ! "y bran*es1 & are compos$ ( a %ort1 ?ick tube1 n m ?an #b 94 9 l5g?1 & %ort1 d>k1 recurv$ scales2 ! petals are broad1 po9t$1 & =m a /ellate clu/] ab\t #d 94 across2 !y are ( a bright rose-col\r1 /reak$ ) :ite1 & %ad$ "h & !re ) a d>k] col\r ( r$4 ,! /am5s are num]\s & pure :ite4 ,! fl[]s op5 9 ! day-"t1 & are sc5tless2 !y la/ 9 p]fection = two or ?ree days1 & may1 !re=e1 be employ$ z cut fl[]s = vases1 c4 ,e>ly summ]4 ,,hybrids ,,& ,,v>ieties4 ,9 addition to ! cultivat$ species ( ,phyllocactus !re are num]\s hybrids & v>ieties1 _m ( :i* are beautiful & di/9ct ei!r 9 col\r or 9 size ( blossom4 ,! foll[+ is a selection ( ! be/ ( !m3 ,p4 albus sup]bus 7sup]b :ite74--,! mo/ beautiful ( :ite-fl[]$ k9ds4 ,fl[]s fragrant1 #f 94 across1 resembl+ ^? ( ! night-blossom+ ,c]eus gr&iflorus2 sepals gre5i%-:ite1 petals pure :ite4 ,p4 aurantiacus sup]bus 7sup]b orange74--,a compact plant1 ) num]\s l>ge1 brick-r$ fl[]s1 #e 94 to #f 94 9 diamet]4 ,p4 ,conway's ,giant4--,fl[]s full1 deep sc>let1 ab\t #h 94 9 diamet]4 ,p4 ,coop]i 7,coop]'s74--,an ,engli% hybrid1 rem>kable = its l>ge1 beautiful yell[ fl[]s4 ,p4 ,franzi 7,franz's74--,fl[]s #c 94 to #d 94 across2 petals num]\s1 out] ones sc>let1 inn] violet4 ,p4 ,g5]al ,g>ibaldi4--,fl[]s v l>ge1 sc>let1 t+$ ) orange on ! reflex side4 ,p4 gr&iflorus 7l>ge-fl[]$74--,fl[]s bell-%ap$1 #d 94 across2 sepals n>r[1 sc>let2 petals incurv$ & ( a fi]y orange-sc>let col\r4 ,p4 ,haagei 7,haage's72 ,fig4 #ac4--;,fl[]s ab\t #e 94 across1 fle%-col\r$ :5 fir/ exp&$1 becom+ c>m9e be=e fad+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ac4--,,phyllocactus ,,haagei4 ,p4 ignesc5s 7fi]y74--,fl[]s #h 94 across1 almo/ flat :5 exp&$2 petals num]\s1 deep brilliant sc>let4 ,p4 ,j5k9soni 7,j5k9son's74--,fl[]s m$ium 9 size1 col\r *]ry-r$4 ,p4 ,john/onei 7,john/one's74--,fl[]s l>ge1 ) broad sc>let petals4 ,p4 ,kaufmanni 7,kaufmann's74--,fl[]s purpli%-r$1 v l>ge4 ,p4 k]mes9a magnus 7l>ge sc>let74--,an enorm\s-fl[]$ k9d1 hav+ produc$ blossoms :i* measur$ #aj 94 across2 petals vivid orange ) a tip & c5tral /ripe ( r$2 sepals blood-r$4 ,p4 ,pf]sdorffii4 7,pf]sdorff's74--,fl[]s z 9 ,c]eus gr&iflorus1 #h 94 to #aj 94 across1 v fragrant2 petals :ite2 sepals yell[1 br[ni% outside4 ,p4 ,rempl]i 7,rempl]'s74--,bran*es ?ree-angl$2 fl[]s ) %ort1 l9e>1 incurv$ sepals2 petals long1 broad1 arrang$ l a tube1 col\r salmon-r$4 ,p4 roseus gr&iflorus 7l>ge rose-fl[]$72 ,fig4 #ad4--;,fl[]s #f 94 long & broad1 nodd+1 :ite4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ad4--,,phyllocactus ,,roseus ,,gr&iflorus4 ,p4 ,s*limii 7,s*lim's74--,bran*es ?ree-angl$2 fl[]s l>ge1 sepals bright purple2 petals broad1 purple1 t+$ ) sc>let4 ,p4 spl5d5s 7spl5did74--,fl[]s #h 94 across1 purple-p9k4 ,p4 ,wrayi 7,wray's74--,fl[]s #e 94 long by #h 94 9 diamet]2 sepals br[n on ! outside1 yell[ inside2 petals yell[i%-:ite1 fragrant :5 fir/ exp&$4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,! ,,g5us ,,c]eus4 7,f c]eus1 pliant2 9 ref]5ce to ! /ems ( "s species47 ,ov] #bjj di/9ct species ( ,c]eus are1 accord+ to botani/s1 di/ribut$ ov] ! tropical & temp]ate regions ( ,am]ica & ! ,we/ ,indies1 ext5d+ to ! ,galapagos1 or ,tortoise ,isl&s1 #bjj miles (f ! coa/ ( ,p]u4 ,x 0 9 ^! isl&s t ! late ,*>les ,d>w9 f\nd sev]al small k9ds ( ,c]eus1 "s ( !m gr[+ ne> ! sn[-l9e 9 expos$ situations on ! highe/ m\nta9s4 ,9 ,mexico1 ,c4 giganteus1 ! mo/ colossal ( all ,cacti1 is f\nd re>+ its tall1 /raight1 column> /ems to a height ( #fj ft41 & bran*+ ne> ! top1 l petrifi$ giants /ret*+ out _! arms 9 spee*less pa91 :il/ o!rs /& l lonely s5t9els keep+ _! dre>y wat* on ! edge ( precipices4 ,9 ! ,we/ ,indies mo/ ( ! night-fl[]+ k9ds are common1 _! long1 creep+ /ems cl++ by means ( a]ial roots to rocks1 or to ! expos$ trunks ( trees1 :]e _! enorm\s1 (t5 fragrant1 fl[]s are produc$ 9 great abundance1 exp&+ only aft] ! sun has set4 ,betwe5 ^! ?ree di/9ct gr\ps we f9d among ! plants ( ?is elegant g5us great v>iety bo? 9 size & =m ( ! /em & 9 ! fl[] *>act]s ( ! diff]5t species4 ,a l>ge proportion ( ! #bjj k9ds kn[n are n cultivat$ 9 ,european g>d5s1 & p]haps = _m ( !m x is n possible = u to provide 9 our h\ses ! peculi> conditions !y require = _! heal?y exi/5ce4 ,b !re are a good _m species ( ,c]eus repres5t$ 9 g>d5s1 ev5 9 ?is c\ntry1 & among !m we %all h no difficulty 9 f9d+ _m useful & beautiful k9ds1 su* z may be cultivat$ ) success 9 an ord9>y gre5h\se or /ove4 ,lemaire1 a ,fr5* writ] on ,cactuses1 gr\ps a numb] ( species "u ! g5]ic "n ( ,e*9oc]eus2 b z ?is "n is n adopt$ 9 ,engl&1 x is omitt$ "h1 all ! k9ds be+ includ$ "u ,c]eus4 ,,! ,,night-,,fl[]+ ,,species4 ,! mo/ int]e/+ gr\p is t ( ! climb+ night-fl[]+ k9ds1 on acc\nt ( _! s+ul> habit ( exp&+ _! fl[]s 9 ! d>k & ( ! v l>ge size & brilliant col\rs ( _! fl[]s4 ,9 habit ! plants ( ?is set are trail]s or climb]s1 _! /ems are ei!r r\nd or angl$1 & gr[ to a l5g? ( _m feet1 bran*+ freely z !y ext5d4 ,by means ( _! roots1 :i* are freely =m$ ^u ! /ems1 & :i* h ! p[] ( atta*+ !mselves to /ones or wood 9 ! same way z ivy does1 ^! k9ds soon spread ov] & cov] a l>ge space2 !y are1 !re=e1 useful = tra9+ ov] ! back walls 9 lean-to h\ses1 or = gr[+ aga9/ raft]s or pill>s--9 fact1 9 any position expos$ to bright sunlight & :]e !re is a good circulation ( air4 ,soil does n appe> to play an important "p ) ^! plants1 z !y w gr[ any:]e :]e !re is a little brick rubble1 gravel1 or c9d]s = _! basal roots to ne/le 94 ,!y h be5 gr[n 9 ! greate/ luxuriance & h produc$ fl[]s 9 abundance ) no?+ m ?an _! roots buri$ 9 ! crumbl+ f\ndations ( an old wall1 ^u :i* ! /ems 7 cl++4 ,! *ief consid]ation is dra9age1 z1 unless ! roots are kept cle> ( any?+ l /agnation1 !y soon p]i% ?r\gh rot4 ,dur+ ! summ]1 ! /ems %\ld be syr+$ morn+ & ev5+ on all bright days1 :il/ 9 w9t] little or no wat] w be requir$4 ,l all o!r ,cactuses1 ^! plants may be propagat$ by means ( l>ge bran*es1 :i*1 if plac$ 9 a por\s soil1 w /rike root 9 a few weeks4 ,we saw a v l>ge specim5 ( ,c4 triangul>is1 :i* la/ autumn sudd5ly rott$ at ! base1 f "s cause or o!r1 & to save ! specim51 a m\nd 0 built up ( brick rubble & soil1 high en\gh to surr\nd ! base ( ! plant above ! rott$ "p4 ,9 a few weeks !re 0 a good crop ( new roots =m$1 & ! plant has s9ce fl[]$ mo/ satisfactorily4 ,) almo/ any o!r plant1 ?is c\rse w\ld h prov$ futile2 b ,cactuses are s+ul>ly t5aci\s ( life1 ! l>ge/ & olde/ /ems be+ capable ( =m+ roots z freely & z quickly z ! "y ones4 ,c4 ext5sus 7long-/emm$72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #djff4--,?is has long rope-l /ems1 bluntly triangul>1 less ?an #a 94 ?ick1 ) v %ort sp9es1 arrang$ 9 pairs or ?rees1 ab\t #a 94 ap>t along ! angles1 & a]ial roots4 ,! fl[]s are develop$ all along ! /ems1 & are compos$ ( a ?ick1 gre51 scale-clo!d tube1 ab\t #c 94 long2 ! l>g] scales yell[ & gre51 tipp$ ) r$1 & a spread+ cup =m$ ( ! long-po9t$ sepals & petals1 ! =m] yell[1 gre51 & r$1 ! latt] :ite1 t9t$ ) rose4 ,! fl[] is ab\t #i 94 across4 ,:5 9 blossom1 ?is plant equals 9 beauty ! f9e/ ( ! climb+ ,cactuses1 b1 un=tunately1 x does n fl[] z freely z mo/ ( its k9d4 ,x is cultivat$ at ,kew1 :]e x has fl[]$ once dur+ ! la/ five ye>s4 ,a native ( ,tr9idad1 :5ce x 0 introduc$1 & fir/ fl[]$ 9 ,augu/1 #ahdc4 ,judg+ by ! conditions "u :i* x gr[s & blossoms 9 its native haunts1 no d\bt its %y-fl[]+ nature "u cultivation "h is ow+ to ! abs5ce ( a long cont9uance ( bright sun%9e & moi/ure1 foll[$ by "o ( dr\ght & sunlight4 ,if plac$ 9 a fav\rable condition z reg>ds light1 & c>efully treat$ 9 respect ( wat]1 x ought to fl[]4 ,c4 fulgidus 7glitt]+72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #ehef4--;,9 ! brilliant deep sc>let ( its l>ge buds1 & ! bright orange-sc>let ( ! exp&$ fl[]s1 ?is species /&s q alone among ! night-fl[]+1 sc&5t-/emm$ ,c]euses4 ,its "o drawback is its %y-fl[]+ nature1 z x is r>ely se5 9 blossom ev5 :5 lib]ally treat$1 & along ) ! o!r k9ds :i* fl[] s freely4 ,! hi/ory ( ?is plant is n kn[n2 b x is suppos$ to be a hybrid betwe5 ,c4 ,pitajayi or v>iabilis & "o ( ! sc>let-fl[]$ ,phyllocactuses1 or1 possibly1 ,c4 speciosissimus4 ,x fir/ fl[]$ at ,kew1 9 ,july1 #ahgj4 ,/ems bright gre51 sl[-gr[+1 ?ree or f\r-angl$1 ab\t #b 94 wide2 angles mu* compress$1 s t a section ( ! /em %[s a cross2 m>g9s not*$1 ) clu/]s ( %ort1 hair-l sp9es at ea* not*4 ,fl[]s #f 94 long1 & ab\t ! same across ! top2 tube cov]$ ) s(t hairs & %ort deep-r$ scales1 :i* are enl>g$ t[>ds ! top1 :]e !y spread out1 & =m1 along ) ! petals1 a l>ge rosette ( sev]al :orls1 arrang$ z 9 a semi-d\ble rose1 ! c5tre be+ occupi$ by a bru%-l clu/] ( gre5i% /am5s1 ) ! radiat+ /igma /&+ erect 9 ! middle4 ,x is to be regrett$ t ! fl[]s are n m freely produc$ by cultivat$ plants4 ,c4 gr&iflorus 7l>ge-fl[]$72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #ccha4--,!re is sc>cely any plant t makes a m magnific5t appe>ance :5 9 full blossom ?an ?is4 ,a /rong plant w produce _m fl[]s toge!r1 b !y d n rema9 long exp&$1 op5+ at sev5 or eight o'clock 9 ! ev5+1 & fad+ at sunrise ! next morn+2 nor d !y ev] op5 aga91 ev5 :5 cut & plac$ 9 w>m wat] 9 a d>k place4 ,! clos+ ( ! fl[]s may1 h[ev]1 be ret>d$ = a :ole day by remov+ ! bud be=e x is fully op5 & plac+ x 9 wat]4 ,! /ems are almo/ cyl9drical1 ) f\r to sev5 slight ridges1 or angles1 :i* be> num]\s tufts ( wool & %ort /iff sp9es4 ,roots are ?r[n out f all p>ts ( ! /em1 ev5 :5 n 9 contact ) any?+4 ,! fl[]s are develop$ on ! sides ( ! /ems1 pr9cipally ! y\ng]1 %ort] ones2 ! fl[] tube is ab\t #d 94 long by #a 94 9 diamet]1 & is cov]$ ) %ort br[n scales & :iti% hairs2 ! calyx is #a ft4 across1 & is compos$ ( a l>ge numb] ( n>r[ sepals ( a bright yell[ col\r inside1 br[n on ! outside2 ! petals are broad1 pure :ite1 & arrang$ 9 a sort ( cup inclos+ ! num]\s yell[ /am5s & ! club-%ap$ /igma4 ,! fl[] has a delici\s vanilla-l od\r1 :i* p]fumes ! air to a consid]able di/ance4 ,fl[]s 9 ,july4 ,native ( ! ,we/ ,indies4 ,introduc$ #agjj1 at :i* "t x is said to h be5 cultivat$ 9 ! ,royal ,g>d5s at ,hampton ,c\rt4 ,c4 ,lemairii 7,lemaire's72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #dhad4--;,9 ! size & fragrance ( its blossoms1 & also 9 ! brilliancy ( its col\rs1 ?is species rivals ,c4 gr&iflorus2 diff]+ 9 ! foll[+ p>ticul>s3 ! tube is cov]$ ) l>ge gre51 crimson-edg$ scales in/ead ( small br[n scales & :ite hairs2 ! sepals d n spread out 9 a />-l mann]1 z 9 ,c4 gr&iflorus1 & !y are t+$ ) crimson2 ! /em ( ! plant %[s a bluntly triangul> section1 & ! angles are m>k$ ) a r[ ( di/ant sp9es in/ead ( ! clu/]s ( sp9es & wool 9 ,c4 gr&iflorus4 ,9 all o!r p>ticul>s1 ^! two species are almo/ id5tical1 s t :]e space is limit$ ei!r ! "o or ! o!r w be suffici5t to repres5t bo?4 ,c4 ,lemairii 0 introduc$ into ,engl& ?r\gh ,kew1 :i!r a plant 0 s5t 9 #ahed f ! ,royal ,botanical ,g>d5 ( ,hanov]1 "u ! "n ( ,c4 ro/ratus4 ,x blossoms 9 ! ,kew collection e ,june1 ! fl[]s la/+ = sev]al h\rs aft] sunrise4 ,se$s are freely rip5$ by ?is plant4 ,native ( ,antigua 787 ,c4 ,macdonaldiae 7,mrs4 ,mac,donald's72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #dgjg4--;,a magnific5t ,cactus1 produc+ fl[]s (t5 #ad 94 9 diamet]1 ) ! same brilliant col\rs z are describ$ "u ,c4 ,lemairii4 ,! /ems are sl5d]1 cyl9drical1 n ridg$ or angl$1 be>+ at irregul> int]vals r fle%y tub]cles in/ead ( sp9es1 & bran*+ freely4 ,its fl[]s are produc$ on bo? "y & old /ems1 sev]al crops appe>+ 9 ! c\rse ( ! summ] :5 ! treatm5t is fav\rable4 ,roots are n s freely ?r[n out f ! /ems ( ?is k9d1 & z ! latt] are sl5d] & v pliant1 !y may be tra9$ r\nd a balloon trellis1 s z to =m h&some pot specim5s1 :i*1 :5 9 fl[]1 may be c>ri$ into ! h\se1 :]e _! l>ge1 beautiful fl[]s may be enjoy$4 ,writ+ ( ?is species ov] ?irty ye>s ago1 ,sir ,wm4 ,hook] said3 ,c]ta9ly1 ( ! _m floral spectacles t h gratifi$ lov]s ( horticulture at ! ,royal ,g>d5s1 ,kew1 ( late ye>s1 few h be5 m /rik+ ?an ?is to ^? :o 7 privileg$ to see ! blossoms 9 bud & fully exp&$4 ,! plant 0 receiv$ f ,honduras ?r\gh ! fav\r ( ,mrs4 ,mac,donald1 & 0 plant$ at ! back ( ! old ,cactus-h\se1 & tra9$ aga9/ a wall4 ,x fir/ %[$ symptoms ( blossom+ 9 ,july1 #ahea4 ,a casual obs]v] might h pass$ ! plant z an unusually l>ge =m ( ! 'night-bloom+ ,c]eus' 7,c4 gr&iflorus71 b ! slighte/ inspection ( ! /ems & fl[]s1 ! latt] #ad 94 9 diamet] by #ad 94 long1 %[s ?is to be a mo/ di/9ct species4 ,c4 ,napoleonis 7,napoleon's72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #cdeh4--,?is is v l ,c4 gr&iflorus1 & is slightly & n v agreeably p]fum$4 ,! fl[]s sometimes op5 v e>ly 9 ! morn+ & fade 9 ! aft]noon1 s t !y may be enjoy$ dur+ ! day-"t4 ,! fl[] tube is #f 94 long1 curv$ upw>ds1 & clo!d ) rose-t9t$ scales1 :i* become gradually l>g] t[>ds ! top1 :]e !y wid5 out into a :orl ( gre5i%-yell[ sepals1 above :i* are ! :ite petals =m+ a broad %all[ cup1 #h 94 across1 ) a clu/] ( yell[ /am5s 9 ! c5tre4 ,! /ems are ?ree-angl$1 light gre51 & be> clu/]s ( %ort /iff sp9es along ! angles at int]vals ( #b 94 ,fl[]s 9 autumn4 ,mexico 7871 #ahce4 ,c4 nycticalus 7fl[]+ at night72 ,fig4 #ae4--,/ems f\r to six-angl$1 #b 94 wide1 d>k gre51 be>+ little tufts ( hair & ?9 :ite sp9es along ! angles1 & a pr(usion ( a]ial roots4 ,fl[]s z l>ge z ^? ( ,c4 gr&iflorus2 tube cov]$ ) tufts ( :ite hairs2 sepals or out] :orl ( segm5ts bright orange1 ! inn] pure :ite1 & arrang$ l a cup4 ,!y op5 at ab\t sev5 o'clock 9 ! ev5+1 & fade at sev5 on ! foll[+ morn+4 ,?is plant may /ill be met ) 9 "s old-fa%ion$ g>d5s1 b only r>ely z comp>$ ) its popul>ity a g5]ation ago1 :5 x 0 to be f\nd 9 almo/ e collection ( /ove plants4 ,at t "t1 ! fl[]+ ( ?is ,cactus 0 look$ ^u z an ev5t1 & x 0 cu/om>y = ! own] to invite 8 fri5ds to meet & wat* ! developm5t ( ! fl[]s1 & enjoy to ! full _! almo/ ov]-p[]+ b delici\s fragrance4 ,s bright are ! col\rs ( ! fl[]s1 t a sort ( lum9osity seems to surr\nd !m :5 at _! be/4 ,fl[]s 9 autumn4 ,mexico1 #ahcd4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ae4--;,,c]eus ,,nycticalus4 ,c4 triangul>is 7?ree-angl$72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #ahhd4--,?is plant is easily recognis$ because ( its /\t triangul> /ems1 :i* increase at a rapid rate & be> roots freely2 by means ( ^! roots !y cl+ to almo/ any sub/ance ) :i* !y come 9 contact4 ,!re are l>ge examples ( x 9 ! ,kew collection1 :]e x be>s num]\s fl[]s annually1 :i* op5 9 ! ev5+ & close at ab\t eight o'clock next morn+4 ,! fl[]s measure #a ft4 9 l5g? by ab\t ! same 9 wid? ( cup1 & are compos$ ( a :orl ( long n>r[ gre5 sepals1 ) pale br[n po9ts1 a clu/] ( pure :ite petals1 bright yell[ /am5s1 & a l>ge club-l /igma2 !y appe> 9 autumn4 ,mexico4 ,?is species 0 cultivat$ at ,hampton ,c\rt 9 #afij4 ,c4 speciosissimus 7mo/ beautiful74--,al?\gh n a night-fl[]+ k9d1 nor yet a climb]1 yet ?is species resembles 9 habit ! above r ?an ! column>-/emm$ ones4 ,x is c]ta9ly ! species be/ adapt$ = cultivation 9 small gre5h\ses or 9 ! w9d[s ( dwell+-h\ses1 z x gr[s quickly1 rema9s heal?y "u ord9>y treatm5t1 is dw>f 9 habit1 & fl[]s freely--*>act]s :i*1 along ) ! vivid col\rs & l>ge size ( ! blossoms1 r5d] x ( exceptional value z a g>d5 plant4 ,its /ems are sl5d]1 & x may be gr[n satisfactorily :5 treat$ z a wall plant4 ,= its cultivation1 ! treatm5t advis$ = ,phyllocactuses w be f\nd suitable4 ,:5 well gr[n & fl[]$ x surpasses 9 brilliancy ( col\rs almo/ e o!r plant kn[n4 ,specim5s ) ?irty /ems ea* #f ft4 high1 & be>+ f sixty to eighty buds & fl[]s ^u !m at "o "t1 may be gr[n by anyone possess+ a w>m gre5h\se4 ,! /ems are ?ree to five angl$1 sp9y1 ! tufts ( sp9es set 9 little disks ( :iti% wool4 ,! fl[]s are z l>ge z tea sauc]s1 ) tubes ab\t #d 94 long1 ! col\r be+ an int5se crimson or violet1 s int5se & bright z to dazzle ! eyes :5 look$ at 9 bright sunlight4 ,:5 cut & plac$ 9 wat] !y w la/ ?ree or f\r days4 ,april & ,may4 ,mexico1 #ahbj4 ,numb]less v>ieties h be5 rais$ f ?is ,c]eus1 z x se$s freely & crosses readily ) o!r species4 ,_m ye>s ago1 ,mr4 ,d4 ,beaton rais$ scores ( se$l+s f crosses betwe5 ?is & ,c4 flagelli=mis1 & has /at$ t he nev] f\nd a b>r5 se$l+4 ,mu* att5tion 0 giv5 to ^! plants ab\t fifty ye>s ago1 = ,sir ,e4 ,antrobus is said to h exhibit$ specim5s ) f #bjj to #cjj fl[]s ea*4 ,i h be5 in=m$ t an extremely l>ge plant ( ?is ,c]eus1 produc+ hundr$s ( fl[]s e season1 is gr[n on ! back wall ( a v9]y at ! ,grange1 ,b>net1 ! resid5ce ( ,sir ,*>les ,ni*olson1 ,b>t4 7,l4 ,ca/le74 ,,! ,,semi-,,sc&5t ,,species4 ,^! are *>act]is$ by a ?91 droop+ or trail+ /em1 &1 ?\gh n /rictly climb]s1 !y may mo/ fitt+ly be consid]$ 9 a gr\p by !mselves4 ,"s botani/s h made a sep>ate g5us = !m1 viz41 ,clei/ocactus1 b = all practical purposes !y may be gr\p$ "u ! above head+1 :il/ popul>ly !y are kn[n z ! ,rat's-tail or ,:ipcord ,cactuses4 ,two ( !m--viz41 ,c4 flagelli=mis & ,c4 ,mallisoni--are g5]ally graft$ on ! /em ( "s erect1 sl5d] ,c]eus or ,p]eskia1 or !y may be work$ on to ! /em ( a climb+ ,c]eus1 su* z ,c4 triangul>is1 9 su* a way z to hang f ! ro( ( a h\se4 ,a l>ge specim5 ( ,c4 flagelli=mis1 gr[+ f ! climb+ /em ( ,c4 ro/ratus1 01 = a long "t1 conspicu\s among ! ,cactuses at ,kew1 b ow+ to ! decay ( ! /ock plant1 ?is f9e specim5 no long] exi/s4 ,a l>ge ,p]eskia1 tra9$ along ! ro( 9 ! ,cactus-h\se at ,kew1 has rec5tly be5 graft$ ) a numb] ( pieces ( ,c4 flagelli=mis1 :i* 9 a few ye>s w1 no d\bt1 =m a h&some specim54 ,9 ! same e/abli%m5t a specim5 ( ,c4 ,mallisoni is graft$ on ! /em ( ano!r k9d1 & is v attractive :5 9 fl[]4 ,c4 s]p5t9us ?rives well ^u its own roots4 ,= ! cultivation ( ?is little gr\p1 ! in/ructions giv5 = ! climb+ & o!r k9ds may be foll[$4 ,c4 flagelli=mis 7:ip-=m$74--,/ems pro/rate1 or1 :5 graft$ on a tall /em1 p5d5t1 94 9 diamet]1 r\nd1 ) num]\s ridges almo/ hidd5 by ! _m clu/]s ( f9e bri/le-l hairs4 ,fl[]s #b 94 long & #a 94 wide2 col\r bright rosy-r$4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ,g]many ?is plant is "o ( ! commone/ ( w9d[ ornam5ts1 & x is s well gr[n by ! peasants !re1 t ! :ole w9d[ space is completely scre5$ by ! num]\s long1 tail-l /ems1 #d ft4 or #f ft4 long1 :i* hang f baskets4 ,x is sometimes cultivat$ by cottag]s 9 ,engl&1 & we h se5 a v f9e specim5 9 a cottag]'s w9d[ 9 ,gunn]sbury4 ,)\t its pretty bright-col\r$ fl[]s1 ?is ,cactus has ! *>m ( novelty 9 ! =m & habit ( its /ems1 & z x is easily cultivat$ 9 a w9d[ ?r\gh :i* ! sun %9es dur+ mo/ ( ! day1 x is j ! plant to gr[ = ! d\ble purpose ( a scre5 & a curiosity4 ,if plant$ 9 baskets1 x %\ld be pott$ 9 a por\s loamy soil1 & kept moi/ 9 ! summ] & p]fectly dry 9 w9t]4 ,summ]4 ,p]u4 ,introduc$ #afij4 ,c4 ,mallisoni 7 ,mallison's72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #chbb4--,?is is suppos$ to be ( hybrid orig91 a ,mr4 ,mallison hav+ s5t x to ,dr4 ,l9dley to be nam$1 & /at+ t he obta9$ x by f]tilis+ fl[]s ( ,c4 speciosissimus ) poll5 f ,c4 flagelli=mis4 ,:atev] its orig91 x is a di/9ct k9d1 ) /ems simil> to ^? ( ! la/-nam$1 b ?ick] & slightly less sp9y1 & fl[]s #d 94 long by #d 94 across ! spread+ petals1 ! :ole be+ bright r$ ) a clu/] ( pale yell[ /am5s protrud+ #a 94 beyond ! ?roat4 ,! fl[]s are produc$ f ! sides ( ! /ems1 a few in*es f ! apex1 & z !y are borne 9 abundance & la/ ?ree or f\r days ea*1 a l>ge specim5 makes a v attractive display = sev]al weeks 9 ! summ]4 ,! plant at ,kew1 a l>ge "o1 is graft$ on ! /em ( ,c4 ,macdonaldiae1 :i* is tra9$ along a raft]1 s t ! /ems ( ,c4 ,mallisoni hang conspicu\sly f ! ro(4 ,c4 s]p5t9us 7s]p5t-l72 ,fig4 #af4--,:5 "y1 ! /ems ( ?is plant are erect & /\t en\gh to support !mselves2 b z !y l5g!n !y fall ov] & gr[ along ! gr\nd1 unless support$ by a /ake or wire2 !y h num]\s ridges1 ) clu/]s ( hair-l sp9es1 :i* are usually purpli%4 ,fl[]s l>ge1 h&some1 fragrant2 tube #f;91 long1 gre52 petals & sepals spread+ & =m+ a /> #c 94 9 diamet]1 ! petals purpli% on ! outside1 & p9ki%-:ite inside2 /am5s arrang$ 9 a sort ( cup #a 94 deep4 ,?is plant r>ely produces a]ial roots4 ,small specim5s are ornam5tal ev5 :5 n 9 fl[]1 ! bright gre51 regul>ly ridg$ /em1 ) its num]\s little clu/]s ( f9e sp9es1 at ! base ( :i* are %ort tufts ( a :ite woolly sub/ance1 be+ bo? curi\s & pretty4 ,x fl[]s freely e summ]4 ,s\? ,am]ica1 #ahad4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #af4--;,,c]eus ,,s]p5t9us4 ,,! ,,globose ,,& ,,column> ,,/emm$ ,,species4 ,_m ( ^! are unsuit$ = culture 9 ord9>y plant-h\ses1 :il/ o!rs are s r>e t1 al?\gh cultivat$ 9 botanical collections1 !y are n available = ord9>y g>d5s1 n be+ kn[n 9 ! trade4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 a good _m species t may be obta9$ f deal]s 9 ,cactuses1 & to ^! we %all conf9e ourselves "h4 ,at ,kew1 ! collection ( ,c]euses is l>ge & div]sifi$1 "s ( ! specim5s be+ z tall z ! h\se !y are 9 w all[ !m to be1 & ! appe>ance !y pres5t is1 to "s eyes at lea/1 a v attractive "o4 ,su* plants are3 ,c4 c&icans1 :i* is a clu/]-/emm$ k9d1 v ?ick & fle%y1 & 9 %ape l an ,indian club2 ,c4 *il5sis2--) tall h$gehog-sk9n$ /ems1 ! num]\s ridges be+ ?ickly clo!d ) clu/]s ( yell[i% sp9es1 :i* become d>k br[n ) age2 ,c4 ,dyckii1 #aj ft4 high1 ! /ems ?ick & fle%y1 ) ridges #a 94 deep2 ,c4 gemmatus1 a hexagonal1 almo/ nak$-/emm$ species #aj ft4 high2 ,c4 /rictus1 ,c4 p]uvianus1 ,c4 geometrizans1 & ,c4 ,jamac>u1 :i* are tall1 weird-look+ plants1 #aj ft4 or m high1 "s ( !m freely bran*$4 ,! foll[+ is a selection ( ! l>ge/-fl[]$ & h&some/ k9ds3 ,c4 ,b]l&i]i 7,b]l&i]'s72 ,fig4 #ag4--;,a di/9ct & beautiful plant1 ( dw>f1 creep+ habit1 =m+ a tuft ( %ort bran*lets spr++ f ! ma9 procumb5t /ems1 none ( :i* exce$ #f 94 9 l5g? by 94 9 ?ickness4 ,!y are almo/ r\nd :5 old1 ! y\ng] ones be+ slightly angl$1 & be>+1 along ! ridges1 little tub]cles1 cr[n$ ) %ort sp9es4 ,ev5 old /ems are v s(t & wat]y1 &1 on ?is acc\nt1 x is necess>y = ! safety ( ! plant1 9 w9t]1 t x %\ld be kept absolutely dry4 ,! fl[]s are produc$ on ! "y upright /ems1 & !y are z mu* z #d 94 across4 ,!y are compos$ ( a regul> r+ ( /rap-%ap$1 bright purple petals1 spr++ f ! erect bri/ly tube1 & 9 ! c5tre a disk-l clu/] ( rose-col\r$ /am5s1 ! /igma /&+ well above !m4 ,9 =m ! fl[]s are n unlike "s ( ! ,sunfl[]s or ,mutisia decurr5s4 ,!y are develop$ 9 summ]1 & on well-gr[n plants ! display ( blossom is exceptionally f9e4 ,?is species is sometimes kn[n z ,c4 rep5s & ,c4 ,deppii4 ,x is a native ( ,s\? ,texas & ,mexico1 :]e x is f\nd gr[+ 9 s&y or gravelly soils1 on dry1 sunny hill-sides4 ,x %\ld be gr[n 9 a cool gre5h\se or frame1 9 a position :]e x w\ld get pl5ty ( sun%9e to rip5 its gr[? & induce x to fl[]4 ,9 w9t] x %\ld be plac$ close to ! glass1 :]e ! sun c %9e full on x1 & :]e x w be safe f fro/4 ,x w n ?rive if w9t]$ 9 a w>m h\se4 ,9 ,april1 x %\ld be exam9$1 repott$ if ! soil is s\r1 & kept wat]$ z gr[? comm5ces4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ag4--;,,c]eus ,,b]l&i]i4 ,c4 ,blankii 7,blank's72 ,fig4 #ah4--,?is is v simil> to ! ,c4 ,b]l&i]i 9 habit & /em *>act]s1 diff]+ only 9 hav+ long]1 broad]1 less spread+ petals1 a club-%ap$ /igma1 & 9 ! col\r1 :i* is a deep rose1 flu%$ 9 ! ?roat ) crimson4 ,a comp>ison ( ! figures "h giv5 w %[ ! diff]5ces bett] ?an any description4 ,c4 ,blankii comes f ,mexico at high elevations1 & ?rives "u cultivation ) ! same treatm5t z ! prec$+4 ,x is v common 9 ,cont95tal g>d5s1 :]e x is gr[n out-(-doors1 be+ protect$ f cold 9 w9t] by a h&light & /raw4 ,x fl[]s 9 summ]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ah4--;,,c]eus ,,blankii4 ,c4 ca]ulesc5s 7blue-/emm$72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #cibb4--;,an erect-gr[+1 tall ,cactus1 r>ely bran*+ unless made to d s by cutt+ (f ! top ( ! /em2 furr[s & ridges ab\t eight1 ! ridges prom95t1 wav$1 & be>+ tufts ( blacki% wool1 9 :i* are set ab\t a doz5 black sp9es1 94 long2 ! /em :5 "y & 9 good heal? is blui% 9 col\r4 ,fl[]s spr++ f ! ridges1 ab\t #h 94 long1 ! tube cov]$ ) r$di%-grey scales1 :i* pass upw>ds into ! sepals2 petals spread+1 :ite1 ! m>g9s too!d1 & =m+ a spread+ top1 n unlike a l>ge :ite s+le ,camellia2 ! /am5s are arrang$ 9 a sort ( cup1 & are yell[-an!r$1 ) a l>ge ray$ yell[ /igma 9 ! middle4 ,9 ! ,botanical ,magaz9e x is /at$ t ! fl[]s ( ?is species are equal & ev5 sup]ior to ^? ( ,c4 gr&iflorus2 b we h n se5 fl[]s su* z w\ld be> out t /atem5t4 ,?is species is too tall-/emm$ to be recomm5d$ = w9d[s or small gre5h\ses2 b :]e room c be af=d$ x1 ! attractive col\r ( its /ems1 toge!r ) ! size & beauty ( its fl[]s1 %\ld w9 x fav\r4 ,x blossoms 9 summ]1 g5]ally ab\t ,july1 & is a native ( ,mexico4 ,introduc$ 9 #ahda4 ,c4 caespitosus 7tuft$72 ,fig4 #ai4--;,a dw>f species1 ! /em n m ?an #h 94 high by ab\t #d 94 9 diamet]1 sometimes bran*$1 or be>+ ab\t its base a numb] ( lat]al gr[?s1 :i* ultimately =m a clu/] ( /ems--h5ce ! "n4 ,! b>k or sk9 ( ! /em is greyi%-gre51 & ! ribs1 ( :i* !re are f a doz5 to eighte51 are ?ickly cov]$ ) clu/]s ( :iti% wool & sp9es1 ! latt] rose-t9t$1 & radiat+ 9 all directions4 ,! fl[]s are produc$ on ! top ( ! /ems1 & are %ort-tub$1 ! tube clo!d ) little bundles ( sp9es2 spread ( ! petals 7f ?irty to =ty 9 ea* fl[]71 #d 942 col\r deep rose2 an!rs & /igma =m+ an eye-l clu/]1 ! =m] yell[1 & ! latt] bright gre54 ,fl[]$ at ,kew = ! fir/ "t 9 #ahhb1 b1 al?\gh new to cultivation1 x is becom+ pl5tiful4 ,native ( ,new ,mexico & ,texas4 ,= w9d[s or small gre5h\ses ?is is a mo/ suitable plant1 z x fl[]s freely & keeps 9 good heal? 9 an ord9>y gre5h\se temp]ature1 always1 h[ev]1 requir+ pl5ty ( sunlight & re/ dur+ w9t]4 ,by plac+ x ^u a %elf ne> ! glass f ,octob] to ,m>*1 all[+ x to rema9 p]fectly dry1 & aft]w>ds wat]+ x freely1 ! fl[]s %\ld make _! appe>ance e>ly 9 summ]4 ,a plant ) sev]al /ems1 ea* be>+ a l>ge bright rose blossom1 sometimes two1 pres5ts an attractive appe>ance4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ai4--;,,c]eus ,,caespitosus4 ,c4 cirrhif]us 7t5dril-be>+74--,a pro/rate1 bran*+-/emm$1 small-gr[+ k9d1 v prolif]\s1 ) roots along ! ma9 /ems2 bran*lets upright1 five-angl$1 ) slightly rais$ po9ts1 or tub]cles1 ^u :i* are t5 %ort hair-l sp9es1 arrang$ 9 a />1 & surr\nd+ ?ree or f\r c5tral erect sp9es1 all :iti% & transp>5t4 ,fl[]+ bran*es erect1 #d 94 high1 by ab\t #a 94 9 diamet]1 be>+1 ne> ! apex1 ! l>ge bright r$ fl[]s1 ne>ly #d 94 9 diamet]1 regul> z a ,sunfl[]1 & la/+ ab\t a week4 ,?is species 0 introduc$ f ,mexico 9 #ahdg4 ,x is "o ( ! be/-kn[n & h&some/ ( ?is gr\p4 ,x requires simil> treatm5t to ,c4 ,b]l&i]i4 ,c4 ct5oides 7comb-l72 ,fig4 #bj4--,/em #c 94 to #e 94 high1 & ab\t #c 94 9 diamet]1 egg-%ap$1 unbran*$1 r>ely produc+ (fsets at ! base4 ,ribs fifte5 or sixte51 spiral1 ) closely-set cu%ions ( /iff1 :iti% sp9es1 :i* int]lace & almo/ hide ! /em2 !re are f f\rte5 to tw5ty-two sp9es to ea* cu%ion1 & !y are 94 long4 ,fl[]s produc$ on ! ridges ne> ! top ( ! /em2 tube %ort1 sp9y2 petals spread+1 l a ,convolvulus1 #c 94 to #d 94 across1 bright yell[2 /am5s yell[1 pi/il :ite4 ,! fl[]s exp& at ab\t #i a4m41 & close aga9 soon aft] noon4 ,!y are develop$ 9 ,june or ,july4 ,?is species is a native ( ,texas1 & is r>e 9 cultivation4 ,:5 n 9 fl[] x might easily be mi/ak5 = ,e*9ocactus pect9atus4 ,x %\ld be gr[n 9 a sunny position1 9 a w>m h\se or pit1 all summ]1 & w9t]$ on a %elf1 ne> ! glass1 9 a temp]ature ( f #de degs4 to #ej degs4 dur+ w9t]4 ,"u cultivation x is apt to rot sudd5ly at ! base1 m especially :5 old4 ,%\ld ?is happ51 ! rott5 p>ts mu/ be cut away1 & ! w\nd expos$ to ! air 9 a dry h\se = a week or two4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bj4--;,,c]eus ,,ct5oides4 ,c4 enneacan?us 7eight-sp9$72 ,fig4 #ba4--,/em seldom m ?an #f 94 high by less ?an #b 94 9 diamet]1 cyl9drical 9 %ape1 bright gre51 simple :5 "y1 tuft$ 9 old specim5s4 ,ribs %all[1 broad1 irregul> on ! top1 ) sp9e-cu%ions on ! project+ p>ts2 sp9es /raight1 yell[i%-:ite1 semi-transp>5t1 v>iable 9 l5g?1 longe/ ab\t #a 94 ,!re are frequ5tly z _m z twelve sp9es 9 a tuft1 al?\gh ! specific "n implies eight sp9es only4 ,fl[]s on ! ridges ne> ! top ( ! /em1 ) sp9y tubes1 spread+ petals ( a deep purple col\r1 & yell[ /am5s & pi/il4 ,!y are develop$ freely 9 ,june & ,july4 ,?is is a s(t-fle%$ species1 f ,texas2 x is n easily kept 9 heal?1 & is !re=e r>ely se54 ,x %\ld be treat$ z advis$ = ,c4 ct5oides4 ,nei!r ( ^! plants w fl[] unless x is gr[n 9 a sunny position z ne> to ! ro(-glass z is possible4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ba4--;,,c]eus ,,enneacan?us4 ,c4 ,f5dl]i 7,f5dl]'s74--,"o ( ! be/ ( ! dw>f-/emm$ k9ds4 ,x has a pale gre5 /em1 ab\t #f 94 high1 r>ely bran*+ at ! base1 b (t5 f\nd gr[+ 9 clu/]s4 ,ridges n9e to twelve1 runn+ spirally r\nd ! /em1 & be>+ clu/]s ( br[n sp9es1 "s ( !m ne>ly #b 94 9 l5g?4 ,fl[]s compos$ ( a tube #a 94 long1 gre51 fle%y1 & sp9y1 ) a spread+ cup-l arrangem5t ( petals & sepals1 #c 94 9 diamet]1 & ( a bright purple col\r2 /igma & an!rs gre54 ,x produces its fl[]s 9 ,june4 ,x 0 introduc$ f ! m\nta9\s region ( ,new ,mexico ab\t five ye>s ago1 & has blossom$ freely 9 sev]al collections1 notably 9 t ( ,mr4 ,lod]1 ( ,nor?ampton1 :o has cultivat$ ?is & sev]al o!r species f ! same region 9 a sunny %elt]$ position out ( doors1 :]e1 = sev]al ye>s1 !y h )/ood w9t]'s cold ) no o!r protection ?an t af=d$ by an ov]-hang+ wall4 ,mr4 ,lod] says ( ,c4 ,f5dl]i t x is ! be/ ( all ,cactuses = cool treatm5t1 z ! fl[]s la/ m ?an a week1 clos+ at night1 & op5+ only 9 sun%9e1 :5 its ri* purple col\r is q dazzl+ to ! eye4 ,x also blossoms freely "u glass2 b ! col\r ( ! fl[]s is n s vivid z :5 !y are produc$ 9 full sun%9e out ( doors4 ,c4 giganteus 7gigantic72 ,fig4 #bb4--,?is is ! mo/ colossal ( all ,cactuses1 9 :i* respect x is *iefly int]e/+4 ,its /em1 :5 "y1 is v simil> to t ( o!r dw>f] species1 :il/1 s f> z is kn[n1 its fl[]s h n be5 produc$ "u cultivation4 ,x gr[s v sl[ly1 a plant #f 94 high be+ eight or t5 ye>s old1 s t1 to atta9 its full developm5t1 a v long "t inde$ is necess>y4 ,:5 "y1 ! /ems are globose1 aft]w>ds becom+ club-%ap$ or cyl9drical4 ,x fl[]s at ! height ( #aj ft4 or #ab ft41 b gr[s up to f\r or five times t height1 :5 x develops lat]al bran*es1 :i* curve upw>ds1 & pres5t ! appe>ance ( imm5se c&elabra4 ,! fl[]s are #d 94 or #e 94 long1 & ab\t ! same 9 diamet]4 ,!re is a small specim51 ab\t #c ft4 high1 9 ! succul5t collection at ,kew4 ,! appe>ance ( a numb] ( tall specim5s ( ?is wond]ful ,cactus1 :5 se5 t[]+ high above ! rocks & scrub ) :i* x is associat$1 is describ$ by travell]s z be+ bo? weird & gr&4 ,judg+ by ! sl[ness ( its gr[?1 ! prospect ( see+ full-siz$ specim5s ( ?is species 9 ,engli% g>d5s is a v remote "o1 unless full-gr[n /ems are import$1 & ?is is h>dly possible4 ,native ( ,mexico & ,cali=nia4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bb4--;,,fl[] ,,( ,,c]eus ,,giganteus4 ,c4 ,leeanus 7,lee's72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #ddag4--;,a dw>f plant1 ! /ems n m ?an #a ft4 9 height1 & ab\t #e 94 9 diamet] at ! base1 tap]+ gradually t[>ds ! top1 s t x =ms a cone2 ! furr[s numb] ab\t a doz51 & ! ridges are 94 high1 ! angles %>p1 & clo!d ) clu/]s ( pale br[n sp9es1 ! c5tral "o #a 94 long1 ! o!rs mu* %ort]4 ,! fl[]s are produc$ on ! top ( ! /em1 f\r or five toge!r1 & are l>ge1 h&some1 brick-r$ 9 col\r1 ! tube #b 94 long1 clo!d ) yell[i%1 gre5-tipp$ scales1 & little clu/]s ( hair-l bri/les4 ,! arrangem5t ( ! petals1 & ! clu/] ( yell[ an!rs 9 ! c5tre1 give ! fl[]s ! appe>ance ( ,camellias1 if look$ at f above4 ,introduc$ f ,mexico by ,mr4 ,lee1 ( ,hamm]smi?1 9 #ahdh1 & fl[]$ soon aft]w>ds at ,kew1 9 summ]4 ,be+ a native ( ! high]1 m nor!rly regions ( ,mexico1 ?is species ne$s only to be protect$ f sev]e fro/s2 x has be5 kn[n to be> a little fro/ )\t injury4 ,= w9d[s & gre5h\ses x is a v desirable plant4 ,c4 leptacan?us 7sl5d]-sp9$72 ,fig4 #bc4--,"o ( ! mo/ beautiful ( all ,cactuses1 & "o ( ! easie/ to cultivate1 ! only drawback be+ t x r>ely fl[]s "u cultivation4 ,9 habit x is simil> to ,c4 ,b]l&i]i4 ,a plant #h 94 across be>s ab\t tw5ty %ort bran*es1 ea* ( :i*1 "u c>eful cultivation w produce sev]al fl[]s 9 ! mon?s ( ,may & ,june1 & ^!1 :5 exp&$1 la/ ab\t eight days be=e )]+2 !y close e aft]noon1 op5+ ab\t t5 o'clock 9 ! morn+4 ,! petals are arrang$ 9 a s+le s]ies1 spread+ s z to =m a %all[ cup1 & are not*$ on ! edges ne> ! upp] end4 ,!y are col\r$ a deep purple-lilac on ! upp] half1 ! l[] "p be+ :ite1 l a l>ge pi$ daisy4 ,! /am5s are pure :ite2 ! an!rs orange-col\r$1 z also is ! />-%ap$ /igma4 ,! plant is a native ( ,mexico1 & 0 introduc$ 9 #ahfj4 ,x requires ! same treatm5t z ! prec$+ k9ds4 ,! illu/ration is suffici5t to %[ ! beauty ( ?is little creep+ ,cactus1 :i*1 al?\gh s long kn[n1 is n gr[n 9 ,engli% g>d5s1 ?\gh x is common en\gh 9 ,cont95tal collections4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bc4--;,,c]eus ,,leptacan?us4 ,c4 multiplex 7prolif]\s72 ,fig4 #bd4--;,a globose-/emm$ species1 becom+ pe>-%ap$ ) age2 height #f 941 by #d 94 9 diamet]2 ridges angl$1 clo!d ) clu/]s ( ab\t a doz5 sp9es1 ! c5tral "o longe/4 ,fl[]s #f 94 to #h 94 long1 & ab\t ! same across ! spread+ petals2 tube clo!d ) small1 hairy scales2 ! sepals long & po9t$2 petals #b 94 or m long1 #a 94 wide1 spread+ out q flat2 /am5s arrang$ 9 a r+1 ) ! :iti%-ray$ /igma 9 ! middle4 ,?is species fl[]s 9 autumn4 ,x is a native ( ,s\? ,brazil1 & 0 introduc$ 9 #ahdj4 ,x ?rives be/ :5 kept 9 a w>m1 sunny position 9 a w9d[ or heat$ gre5h\se4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bd4--;,,c]eus ,,multiplex4 ,at ,fig4 #be is a curi\s v>iety ( ! above1 ! /em be+ fasciat$ & divid$ into num]\s crumpl$1 flatt5$ bran*es4 ,x is rem>kable z a mon/] =m ( ! type plant4 ,s f> z is kn[n1 nei!r ?is nor any o!r ( ! mon/] ,cactuses produces fl[]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #be4--;,,c]eus ,,multiplex ,,cri/atus4 ,c4 paucisp9us 7few-sp9$72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #fggd4--;,a dw>f-/emm$ species ( rec5t introduction1 & "o :i*1 ow+ to ! beauty ( its fl[]s & ! h>dy nature ( ! plant1 is c]ta9 to f9d mu* fav\r among gr[]s ( ,cactuses4 ,! /em is ab\t #i 94 high1 by #b 94 to #d 94 9 diamet]1 ! base mu* wid] ?an ! apex1 ! ridges irregul>1 v ?ick & r\nd$1 giv+ ! /em a g\ty or tumid appe>ance4 ,^u ! prom95t p>ts ( ^! ridges are /ellate tufts ( long1 pale br[n sp9es1 "s ( !m ne>ly #b 94 long1 & ea* tuft conta9+ ab\t eight sp9es4 ,:5 "y1 ! /ems are m l "s ( ! ,mamill>ias ?an ! ,c]euses4 ,! fl[]s are develop$ ne> ! top ( ! /em1 two or ?ree op5+ toge!r2 !y are compos$ ( a tube #b 94 long1 clo!d ) long sp9es & l>ge1 gre51 scaly sepals bel[1 ! latt] gradually enl>g+ till at ! top !y become z l>ge z ! petals1 :i* are #b 94 long1 ) a spread ( ne>ly #c 941 r\nd$ at ! tips1 & col\r$ deep blood-r$1 t+$ ) orange inside4 ,! /am5s are clu/]$ toge!r %eaf-l1 ) ! d>k gre5 /igmas protrud+ ?r\gh !m4 ,?is is a native ( ,new ,mexico1 :5ce x 0 introduc$ 9 #ahhc1 & fl[]$ 9 ,may4 ,mr4 ,lod]1 ( ,nor?ampton1 has successfully cultivat$ x 9 a cool frame 9 ! op5 air1 & x has also gr[n well 9 ! ,kew collection :5 treat$ 9 a simil> way4 ,?is sugge/s its h>d9ess & fitness = w9d[ cultivation4 ,ow+ to ! wat]y nature ( ! /ems1 x is necess>y t !y %\ld be kept q dry dur+ ! w9t]4 ,c4 p5talophus 7five-w+$72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #cfea4--;,z ! "n d5otes1 ! /em ( ?is erect-gr[+1 some:at sl5d] species has five v prom95t %>p-edg$ ridges1 along :i* are little clu/]s ( small sp9es ab\t 94 ap>t2 ! /em is #a 94 9 diamet]1 & ! angles are wavy4 ,! fl[]s are ab\t #c 94 wide1 spread+1 ! petals1 broad & ov]lapp+1 rose-col\r$1 except 9 ! c5tre ( ! fl[]1 :]e !y become almo/ pure :ite2 ! an!rs are yell[1 :il/ ! col\r ( ! ray$ /igma is purpli%-blue4 ,a native ( ,mexico1 introduc$ & fl[]$ 9 #ahch4 ,= its cultivation1 ! temp]ature ( a w>m gre5h\se is requir$1 ?\gh dur+ summ] x may be plac$ 9 a sunny position 9 a frame out ( doors4 ,if gr[n 9 w9d[s1 x %\ld be kept ?r\gh ! w9t] 9 a room :]e !re is a fire con/antly4 ,c4 p]uvianus 7,p]uvian74--,a tall-gr[]1 ! /ems fle%y :5 "y1 & v sp9y4 ,! ridges on ! /em numb] f five to eight1 ) /ellate bundles1 ab\t #a 94 ap>t1 ( small1 /iff black sp9es4 ,! fl[]s appe> ^u ! upp] portion ( ! /em1 & are #e 94 across1 ! petals pure :ite above1 t+$ ) r$ bel[1 & =m+ a l>ge sauc]1 9 ! middle ( :i* ! num]\s /am5s1 ) yell[ an!rs1 are arrang$ 9 a cr[n4 ,!re is some?+ incongru\s 9 ! tall1 sp9e-clo!d1 pole-l /em1 ^u :i* l>ge1 beautiful1 wat]-lily-l fl[]s are develop$1 look+ q out ( place on su* a plant4 ,fl[]s 9 spr+ & e>ly summ]4 ,x requires w>m gre5h\se or /ove treatm5t4 ,!re are "s f9e examples ( ?is species at ,kew4 ,a v>iety ( ?is species1 ) a fasciat$ or mon/r\s habit1 is sometimes cultivat$4 ,introduc$ 9 #ahcj4 ,c4 pleiogonus 7twi/$-angl$72 ,fig4 #bf4--;,an erect cyl9drical-/emm$ species1 f #f 94 to #a ft4 high by #d 94 9 diamet]1 ) f t5 to f\rte5 angles or ridges2 ^! are some:at tumid1 & m>k$ ) depressions1 f :i* ! />-l clu/]s ( sp9es spr+1 ab\t a doz5 sp9es 9 ea* clu/]1 ! c5tral "o mu* ! l>ge/4 ,! fl[]s are ab\t #h 94 long1 ! tube be+ r ?ick & cyl9d]-l1 exp&+ at ! top1 s z to =m a sort ( cup1 9 :i* ! petals are arrang$ 9 sev]al r[s1 ) ! middle fill$ by ! num]\s /am5s1 surm\nt$ by ! club-l pi/il4 ,! col\r ( ! fl[]s is purple-r$4 ,?is species appe>s to h fir/ f\nd its way into cultivation ?r\gh "s ,cont95tal g>d51 its native c\ntry be+ unkn[n4 ,x ?rives only 9 a w>m h\se1 develop+ its fl[]s 9 summ]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bf4--;,,c]eus ,,pleiogonus4 ,c4 polyacan?us 7_m-sp9$74--,a newly-introduc$ species1 f ,el ,paso1 9 ,mexico1 :]e x is common on ! s& ridges & /ony hills4 ,/em #aj 94 high1 #b 94 to #d 94 wide1 pale gre5 or glauc\s1 ) ab\t eight ridges1 ! sp9es be+ plac$ along ! angles 9 clu/]s ( half a doz5 or s1 & ab\t 94 ap>t4 ,! fl[]s are #b 94 to #c 94 long2 ! tube sp9y2 ! petals semi-erect & concave1 r\nd$ at ! tip1 & =m+ a %all[ cup or w9e-glass-l fl[]2 ! col\r ( ! petals is deep blood-r$4 ,?is beautiful ,cactus is exceptional 9 ! l5g? ( "t its fl[]s rema9 exp&$ & fre%1 la/+ a week or m2 & z ! plant is v free fl[]+1 !re is usually a beautiful display ( ri* r$ blossoms = ab\t six weeks4 ,x may be gr[n 9 a cool gre5h\se or w9d[1 requir+ no artificial heat beyond :at w\ld be necess>y to insure its protection f fro/4 ,x fl[]s 9 spr+4 ,c4 procumb5s 7trail+72 ,fig4 #bg4--,?is is a v pretty little ,cactus1 ) spread+ pro/rate /ems1 f :i* upright bran*es gr[ to a height ( #c 94 or #d 942 !y are 94 ?ick1 g5]ally only f\r-angl$ or squ>e1 ) small sp9es 9 tufts along ! angles4 ,! fl[]s are develop$ on ! ends ( ! bran*es1 & are #c 94 long & wide1 ! sepals spread+ & recurv$1 z 9 a ,p>is daisy1 _! col\r be+ bright rose purple4 ,! an!rs =m a corona-l r+1 inclos+ ! upright1 ray$ /igma4 ,a native ( ,mexico2 fl[]s 9 ,may & ,june4 ,9 its native haunts we le>n t ?is little ,cactus is v free-fl[]+1 b "u cultivation 9 ?is c\ntry x fl[]s only r>ely4 ,x ?rives be/ :5 gr[n 9 a dry1 sunny gre5h\se1 & kept p]fectly dry dur+ autumn & w9t]4 ,if all[$ to get wet 9 t season1 x is apt to rot1 ! /ems be+ s(t & wat]y4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bg4--;,,c]eus ,,procumb5s4 ,c4 r$uctus 7d+y72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #dddc4--,/em erect1 sometimes #c ft4 high1 & ab\t #d 94 wide1 deeply furr[$1 ! furr[s usually numb]+ ab\t f\rte52 ! ridges tumid & irregul>1 & col\r$ a d+y glauc\s-gre54 ,sp9es emb$d$ 9 a tuft ( grey wool1 ab\t a doz5 sp9es 9 ea* clu/]1 #a 94 long1 a few ( !m only half t l5g?4 ,fl[]s on ! top ( ! /em1 ?ree or f\r op5+ toge!r1 ea* be+ #c 94 long & wide2 ! tube %ort & scaly1 ) ov]lapp+ sepals & saw-edg$ petals1 :i* are :ite1 slightly t+$ ) rose4 ,/am5s fill+ ! :ole ( ! fl[]-cup1 bright yell[4 ,a native ( ,mexico1 introduc$ 9 #agif1 fl[]+ 9 summ]4 ,?is species 0 evid5tly a fav\rite _m ye>s ago1 b x is r>e ) u n[4 ,x ?rives 9 a h\se :]e ! w9t] temp]ature does n fall bel[ #de deg41 requir+ no wat] at t "t1 b a lib]al supply 9 ! summ] :5 gr[? is be+ made1 & all ! sunlight possible4 ,:5 )\t its />-%ap$1 h&some fl[]s1 ! /em is rem>kably f]oci\s-look+1 ! sp9es ^u x be+ q z ?ick & z /rong z on a h$gehog4 ,c4 rep&us 7undulat$72 ,fig4 #bh4--,/em erect1 #aj ft4 or m high1 unbran*$1 unless compell$ to d s by ! removal ( ! top4 ,ribs eight or n9e 9 numb]1 r\nd$1 some:at undulat$1 & be>+ sp9e-tufts ne>ly #a 94 ap>t2 ea* tuft conta9s ab\t t5 sp9es1 :i* are almo/ equal 9 l5g?1 f9e1 /iff1 br[n1 & p]si/5t2 !re is a little cu%ion ( :ite wool ab\t ! base ( ! sp9es4 ,fl[]s produc$ on ! side1 )9 a few in*es ( ! top ( ! /em2 !y are compos$ ( a scaly tube1 #d 94 long1 a circul> r[ ( spread+1 incurv$1 pale br[n sepals1 & two r[s ( broad1 ov]lapp+1 sn[-:ite petals2 /am5s :ite1 ) yell[ an!rs2 /igma yell[4 ,! fl[]s1 develop$ 9 summ]1 are v beautiful1 b1 un=tunately1 ea* la/s only a few h\rs4 ,a native ( ! ,we/ ,indies1 & an old introduction to ,engli% g>d5s 7#agbj71 b r>e 9 cultivation n[4 ,x requires ! treatm5t ( a /ove all ! ye> r\nd4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bh4--;,,c]eus ,,rep&us4 ,c4 ,roy5i 7,roy5's72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #cabe4--,?is plant is n "o ( ! h&some/ z reg>ds fl[]s2 b its /ems are ornam5tal1 & ! =m ( ! fl[]s is su* z w\ld please ^? :o admire ! curi\s4 ,! /em is erect1 sev]al feet high1 #b 94 9 diamet]1 ) ab\t t5 acute ridges1 along :i* are little tufts ( :ite wool ab\t ! base ( ! clu/]+ sp9es1 :i* are d>k br[n & #a 94 long4 ,! fl[]-tube is #b 94 long1 ?ick1 sp9eless1 scaly1 ! scales becom+ l>ge ne> ! top ( ! fl[]1 :]e !y =m a cup-l :orl1 enclos+ ! small rose-col\r$ petals1 ! /am5s be+ :ite4 ,introduc$ f ,new ,gr5ada1 9 #ahcb4 ,x fl[]s 9 spr+ & summ]4 ,x %\ld be gr[n 9 a /ove4 ,c4 v>iabilis 7v>iable72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #djhd1 "u ! "n ( ,c4 pitajaya4 --,a tall-gr[+ plant1 r /raggl+ 9 habit1 bran*+ freely1 ! /ems usually f\r-w+$1 b sometimes ) ?ree1 five1 or m1 con/rict$ at int]vals1 z 9 ,phyllocactus1 ! w+s sp9y along ! edges2 sp9es #a 94 long4 ,fl[]s on ! sides ( ! /ems1 r l[ d[n1 long-tub$2 l>ge1 %[y2 tube #f 94 long1 smoo?1 fle%y1 ) a few scales ne> ! top1 & a :orl ( gre5i%1 /rap-%ap$1 po9t$ sepals1 ! petals spread+1 ) too!d m>g9s & a long acute po9t1 :ite or cream-col\r$2 an!rs yell[4 ,a native ( v>i\s p>ts ( ,s\? ,am]ica & ! ,we/ ,indies1 b always close to ! sea4 ,x fl[]s 9 ,july2 ! fl[]s1 :i* op5 g5]ally 9 ! ev5+1 rema9 exp&$ all night1 & close be=e noon ! day foll[+4 ,?is species requires tropical or w>m h\se treatm5t4 ,!re are "s old plants ( x 9 ! ,kew collection1 :]e x fl[]s annually4 ,except = l>ge h\ses1 ?is species is n recomm5d$ = g5]al cultivation1 z x blossoms only aft] atta9+ a good size1 & ! /ems1 :5 old1 are n at all ornam5tal4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,! ,,g5us ,,e*9ocactus4 7,f e*9os1 a h$gehog1 & ,cactus47 ,_m ( ! plants includ$ 9 ! g5us ,e*9ocactus are v simil> 9 habit & /em-*>act]s to ! ,c]eus4 ,botani/s f9d *>act]s 9 ! se$ vessel 7ov>y7 & 9 ! se$s by :i* ! two g5]a are suppos$ to be easily sep>able2 b1 s f> z c be made out by a comp>ison ( _! m conspicu\s *>act]s1 !re is v little inde$ to enable "o to di/+ui% ! two g5]a f ea* o!r :5 n 9 fl[]4 ,a comp>ison ( ! figures giv5 9 ^! pages w %[ t su* is ! case4 ,! "n ,e*9ocactus 0 giv5 to ,e4 t5uisp9us1 :i* 0 fir/ introduc$ into ,engli% g>d5s 9 #ahbe4 ,! sp9y "* ( ?is species is surpass$ by t ( _m ( ! m rec5tly introduc$ k9ds2 /ill x is suffici5t to ju/ify its be+ comp>$ to a h$gehog4 ,"s ( ! k9ds h sp9es #d 94 long1 broad at ! base1 & hook$ t[>ds ! po9t1 ! hooks be+ wond]fully /rong1 :il/ 9 o!rs ! sp9es are long & ne$le-l1 or %ort & f9e z ! prickles on a ?i/le4 ,! /ems v>y mu* 9 size & =m1 be+ globose1 or compress$1 or ovate1 a few only be+ cyl9drical1 & atta9+ a height ( f #e ft4 to #aj ft4 ,!y are almo/ always simple--t is1 )\t bran*es1 unless !y are compell$ to =m su* by cutt+ out or injur+ ! top ( ! /em2 ! ridges v>y 9 numb] f ab\t five to t5 times t numb]1 & !y are 9 "s species v firm & prom95t1 9 o!rs r$uc$ to m]e undulations1 :il/ 9 a few1 !y are sep>at$ into num]\s little tub]cles or mammae4 ,! species are ne>ly all possess$ ( sp9es1 :i* are collect$ 9 bundles along ! ridges ( ! /em4 ,g5]ally1 ! fl[]s are ab\t z long z wide1 & ! ov>y is cov]$ ) scales or modifi$ sepals4 ,! fruit is succul5t1 or sometimes dry1 &1 :5 ripe1 is cov]$ ) ! p]si/5t calyx scales1 (t5 surr\nd$ ) wool1 & usually be>+ ^u ! top ! rema9s ( ! )]$ fl[]4 ,! position ( ! fl[]s is on ! "y "p ( ! /em1 usually be+ p]*$ 9 ! c5tre1 nev] on ! old "p1 z 9 "s ( ! ,c]euses4 ,! fl[]s op5 only "u ! influ5ce ( bright sunlight1 g5]ally clos+ soon aft] x leaves !m4 ,! geographical di/ribution ( ! species1 ( :i* ov] #bjj h be5 describ$1 ext5ds f ,texas & ,cali=nia to ,p]u & ,brazil2 !y are 9 greate/ abundance 9 ,mexico1 :5ce mo/ ( ! g>d5 k9ds h be5 introduc$4 ,! conditions "u :i* !y gr[ naturally v>y consid]ably 9 reg>d to temp]ature & soil2 b !y are all f\nd 9 greate/ numb]s & mo/ robu/ heal? :]e ! soil is gravelly or s&y1 & ev5 :]e !re is no prop] soil at all1 ! roots f9d+ n\ri%m5t 9 ! clefts or crevices ( ! rocks4 ,z a rule1 ! temp]ature 9 ! l&s :]e !y are native is v high dur+ summ]1 & falls to ! o!r extreme 9 w9t]1 "s ( ! species be+ f\nd ev5 :]e fro/ & sn[ are frequ5t2 ! majority ( !m1 h[ev]1 require :at we w\ld call /ove treatm5t4 ,turn+ n[ to a consid]ation ( ^? k9ds kn[n z g>d5 plants1 we f9d t comp>atively few ( ! species kn[n to botani/s are repres5t$ 9 ,engli% collections1 ?\gh1 p]haps1 we may safely say t n "o ( ! k9ds kn[n w\ld be consid]$ unwor?y ( cultivation except by ^? :o despise ,cactuses ( :atev] k9d4 ,_! fl[]s are conspicu\s bo? 9 size & brilliancy ( col\r2 & 9 ! curi\s1 grotesque1 & ev5 beautifully symmetrical %apes ( _! /ems1 "o f9ds attractions ( no ord9>y k9d4 ,! /em ( ,e4 ,visnaga %[n at ,fig4 #dh may be tak5 z an in/ance ( ?is--ap>t f ! clu/] ( />-l1 bright yell[ fl[]s se5 ne/l+ ^u ! top ( _! sp9e-protect$ dwell+1 ! :ole sugge/+ a ne/ ( "y birds4 ,?is plant is inde$ "o ( ! mo/ rem>kable ( ! ,e*9ocactuses1 ow+ to ! size & numb] ( its sp9es--:i* are #c 94 long1 almo/ z firm z /eel1 & are us$ by ! ,mexicans z too?picks--& to ! gigantic size & great weight ( ! /em4 ,! foll[+ acc\nt ( a l>ge specim5 ( ?is species introduc$ to ,kew 9 #ahde1 is tak5 f an article f ! p5 ( ! late ,sir ,wm4 ,hook] 9 ! ,g>d5]s' ,*ronicle ( t ye>4 ,?is gigantic plant 0 pres5t$ to ! nation1 9 o!r words to ,kew1 by ,f4 ,/a9es1 ,esq41 ( ,san ,luis ,potosi4 ,su* 0 its /rik+ appe>ance1 t x 0 /at$ t1 if exhibit$ 9 ! ,egyptian ,hall1 ,piccadilly1 "s hundr$s ( p\nds might be realis$ by x4 ,9 a lett] f ,mr4 ,/a9es1 "h quot$1 our read]s w p]ceive h[ difficult x (t5 is to obta9 liv+ specim5s ( ^! plants f _! native habitats4 ,he writes3 ,i mean to h a l>ge specim5 ( ,e4 ,visnaga deposit$ 9 a /rong box1 s5d+ ! box fir/ to ! m\nta9 :]e ! mon/]s gr[1 & plac+ x on ! spr+s ( a c>riage :i* ,i %all despat* = t purpose4 ,my mon/r\s fri5d _c travel any o!r way1 f 8 /up5d\s size & imm5se pond]osity1 :i* _c be adequately calculat$ = "h1 :]e ! l>ge/ ma*9e = convey+ weights does n exce$ sixte5 arrobes1 or #djjlb4 ,?is enorm\s plant w require tw5ty m5 at lea/ to place x ^u ! vehicle1 ) ! aid ( su* lev]s z our ,indians c inv5t4 ,x gr[s 9 ! deep rav9es ( our l(tie/ m\nta9s1 among/ huge /ones2 ! f9e/ plants are inaccessible to :eel$ vehicles1 & ev5 on horseback x is difficult to rea* !m4 ,i %all pack him c>efully 9 mats be=e apply+ to 8 roots ! cr[b>s de/9$ to wr5* him f 8 re/+ place ( unkn[n c5turies4 ,he w h to travel #cjj leagues be=e he rea*es ,v]a ,cruz4 ,be+ too l>ge to be pack$ 9 a box1 x 0 fir/ surr\nd$ ) a d5se clo?+ ( ! ,old ,man's ,be>d or ,spani% moss 7,till&sia usneoides7--& a bett] cov]+ c\ld n h be5 devis$--& well cord$4 ,fifte5 mats1 ea* z l>ge & z ?ick z an ord9>y doormat1 =m$ ! ext]ior envelope4 ,:5 unpack$ on its arrival at ,kew1 ?is mon/] ,cactus 0 se5 z p]fect1 z gre51 & z un9jur$ z if x _h be5 t morn+ remov$ f its native rocks1 its long1 rope-l roots arrang$ 9 coils l ! cable ( a %ip4 ,:5 plac$ 9 scales x weigh$ #gaclb41 its circumf]5ce at #a ft4 f ! gr\nd 0 #d ft41 & its total height1 #h ft4 #g 942 ! numb] ( ridges 0 =ty-f\r1 & on ea* ridge 7 fifty bundles ( sp9es1 f\r sp9es to ea* bundle4 ,?us !re 7 #hhjj sp9es or too?picks1 en\gh = ! supply ( an army4 ,a /ill l>g] specim5 0 a ye> or s lat] successfully br\ght to ,kew1 & :i* weigh$ #a ton2 b ?is1 z well z ! small] "o1 surviv$ only a %ort "t4 ,!re h be5 num]\s o!r l>ge specim5s ( ?is ,cactus 9 ,engli% g>d5s lately1 all ( !m1 h[ev]1 succumb+ to ! unfav\rable conditions ( our climate4 ,mr4 ,peacock1 ( ,hamm]smi?1 rec5tly possess$ two l>ge plants ( ,e4 ,visnaga1 "o ( :i* weigh$ ne>ly #e;cwt41 & measur$ #h ft4 #f 94 9 circumf]5ce4 ,cultivation4--,! soil = ,e*9ocactuses %\ld be simil> to t recomm5d$ = ! ,c]euses1 z also %\ld be ! treatm5t z reg>ds sunlight & re/4 ,x _c be too cle>ly und]/ood t dur+ ! p]iod betwe5 ,octob] & ,m>* ^! plants %\ld be kept p]fectly dry at ! root1 & 9 a dry h\se1 :]e ! temp]ature w\ld n fall bel[ #ej deg4 ,!re is no occasion = re-pott+ ! ,e*9ocactuses e ye>1 x be+ by f> ! safe/ plan to all[ !m to rema9 9 ! same pots sev]al ye>s1 %\ld ! soil be fre% & ! dra9age p]fect4 ,all ! l>g]-/emm$ k9ds may be kept 9 heal? :5 gr[n on _! own roots2 b = "s ( ! small] species x is a good plan to graft !m ^u ! /em ( "s ( ! ,c]euses1 ,c4 tortuosus or ,c4 colubr9us be+ recomm5d$ = ! small] k9ds1 & = ! l>g] ,c4 p]uvianus1 ,c4 gemmatus1 or any "o ! /em ( :i* is robu/1 & ( ! "r dim5sions to be> ! species ( ,e*9ocactus int5d$ to be graft$4 ,"s gr[]s pref] to graft all ! small ,e*9ocactuses ^u o!r k9ds1 f9d c]ta9ly1 :5 prop]ly graft$1 !y are saf] ?us treat$ ?an if gr[n on _! own roots4 ,9 graft+1 ! two /ems 7/ock & scion7 mu/ be cut s t _! edges meet1 & 9 secur+ !m two or ?ree /akes mu/ be plac$ 9 su* a way z to af=d support to ! graft & hold x firmly 9 position4 ,propagation4--,besides graft+1 cutt+s ( ! /ems may be utilis$ = ! multiplication ( ,e*9ocactuses1 fir/ remov+ ! upp] portion ( ! /em & putt+ x into soil to root1 & aft]w>ds1 z lat]al /ems develop on ! old /ock1 !y may be cut away ) a %>p knife1 & treat$ 9 a simil> mann]4 ,%\ld a plant become sickly1 & look %rivell$ & cank]$ at ! base1 x is always be/ to cut away ! heal?y "p ( ! /em1 & induce x to =m fre% roots1 ?us giv+ x a new lease ( life4 ,se$s ( ^! plants may be obta9$ f deal]s1 m especially ,cont95tal nurs]ym51 & to wat* ! gradual developm5t ( ! plant f ! se$l+ is bo? int]e/+ & in/ructive4 ,! se$s %\ld be s[n 9 soil1 & kept moi/ & w>m2 9 ab\t a mon? aft] s[+1 ! little pea-l1 gre5 balls w be se5 pu%+ _! way ?r\gh ! ?9 cov]+ ( soil1 & gradually b sl[ly increas+ 9 size1 _! sp9es also increas+ 9 numb] & /r5g?1 ! ridges =m+ accord+ to ! "* ( ! species1 till1 f9ally1 !y assume ! mature *>act]s ( ! plant1 bo? 9 /em & habit4 ,! fl[]s1 ( c\rse1 appe> accord+ to ! l5g? ( "t x takes = ! species to gr[ to fl[]+ size4 ,,species4 ,e4 brevihamatus 7%ort-hook$74--,sev]al k9ds ( ,e*9ocactus are di/+ui%$ f ! re/ 9 hav+ ! ridges divid$ into tub]cles1 :i* are (t5 globul> & arrang$ 9 a spiral r\nd ! /em1 z 9 ! g5us ,mamill>ia2 to ?is section ! pres5t species belongs4 ,! /em is almo/ sph]e-%ap$1 f #d 94 to #f 94 high1 ! tub]culat$ ridges ab\t 94 deep1 & ^u ea* tub]cle is a tuft ( ab\t a doz5 br[n1 radiat+ sp9es1 ) a long c5tral "o hook$ at ! po9t4 ,! fl[]s are borne 9 clu/]s on ! top ( ! /em1 ?ree or f\r op5+ toge!r2 !y are #a 94 9 l5g?1 & ! same across ! spread+ petals1 :i* are p9k1 %ad$ ) deep rose4 ,a native ( ! m\nta9\s regions ( ,s\? ,brazil2 introduc$ ab\t #ahej4 ,fl[]s 9 summ]4 ,?is pretty little plant w ?rive if plac$ ^u a %elf 9 a gre5h\se :]e x w h full sun%9e dur+ ! great] "p ( ! day4 ,x gr[s v sl[ly1 especially :5 on its own roots1 b succe$s bett] :5 graft$ on ano!r k9d4 ,e4 c5tet]ius 7_m-sp9$72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #cigd4--,?is has a conical-%ap$ /em1 #f 94 high by #d 94 wide1 ) ab\t f\rte5 ridges1 :i* are not*$1 & be> />-%ap$ clu/]s ( pale br[n sp9es1 94 long4 ,! blossoms are borne r ?ickly on ! summit ( ! /em1 f six to n9e fl[]s be+ sometimes op5 toge!r2 & z !y are ea* ne>ly #c 94 across1 & ( good sub/ance1 !y pres5t an attractive appe>ance4 ,! petals are ( a deep /raw-col\r1 ) a r$di% /reak d[n ! c5tre1 & #a 94 long1 ) ! apex not*$ or too!d4 ,! /am5s are spirally coil$ r\nd ! /igma1 :i* is club-%ap$ & :ite4 ,?is species is probably a native ( ,mexico1 & 0 fir/ fl[]$ 9 ,engl& at ,kew1 9 #ahda4 ,a cool1 dry gre5h\se suits x be/2 or x may be gr[n 9 a sunny room w9d[ :]e fro/ w\ld n be all[$ to rea* x 9 w9t]4 ,unless subject$ to v dry treatm5t dur+ ! w9t] mon?s1 & also kept 9 a position :]e all ! sunlight possible w\ld rea* x--ev5 :5 at re/--!re is n mu* *ance ( ?is plant produc+ its l>ge fl[]s4 ,x may be kept alive by giv+ x uni=m treatm5t all ! ye> r\nd1 b x w\ld nev] fl[]4 ,e4 c9nab>9us 7c9nab>-fl[]$72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #dcbf4--,?is is ano!r ( ! ,mamill>ia-l k9ds1 & is rem>kable = ! depress$ =m ( its /em1 :i* may be lik5$ to a sea ur*91 bo? 9 size & %ape4 ,old plants are f #f 94 to #h 94 9 diamet]1 & ab\t #d 94 high2 ! spiral =m$ by ! tub]cles rises v gradually1 & ea* ( ! latt] is surm\nt$ by a tuft ( /rong1 br[n1 radiat+ sp9es1 imb$d$ 9 a little cu%ion ( wool4 ,! fl[]s spr+ f ! outside ( ! depress$ top ( ! /em1 two or ?ree op5+ toge!r & =m+ a beautiful picture1 bo? z to size & col\r4 ,! tube is %ort & gre51 ) a r[ ( long gre5 sepals at ! top1 & above ^! ! petals1 :i* are #b 94 long1 ov]lapp+1 recurv$1 ! edges too!d1 & ! col\r a brilliant c9nab>-r$4 ,! /am5s are 9 two s]ies1 v num]\s1 & ! an!rs are bright yell[4 ,look+ at ! flatt5$1 sp9y /em1 x seems impossible t su* l>ge1 h&some fl[]s %\ld be produc$ by x4 ,a native ( ,bolivia2 introduc$ ab\t #ahdf4 ,x blossoms 9 ,july1 & may be gr[n on a %elf 9 a cool gre5h\se1 z advis$ = ! ,e4 c5tet]ius4 ,e4 conc9nus 7neat72 ,fig4 #bi4--;,a small species ) a globose /em1 #b 94 high & #c 94 wide1 & ab\t tw5ty ridges1 :i* are r\nd$1 r broad1 ea* be>+ ab\t half-a-doz5 little bun*es ( sp9es arrang$ 9 a />4 ,! fl[]s are num]\s1 z l>ge z1 or l>g] ?an1 ! /em1 be+ #c 94 long & broad1 ! tube cov]$ ) br[n hair-l sp9es1 & hav+ a few r$di% scales1 :il/ ! petals are 9 sev]al r[s1 ov]lapp+1 ) po9t$ tips1 & are col\r$ d>k yell[ ) a r$ /reak d[n ! c5tre4 ,sev]al fl[]s are sometimes develop$ toge!r on a little /em1 :5 !y h ! appe>ance ( be+ mu* too l>ge = s small a plant to support4 ,! pale gre5 ( ! /em & its br[n sp9es contra/ prettily ) ! h&some yell[ fl[]s1 :i* are bright5$ by ! /reaks ( r$ on ! petals & ! cle> r$ col\r ( ! /igma4 ,x is a native ( ,mexico1 & 0 introduc$ ab\t #ahdj1 fl[]+ e>ly 9 summ]4 ,x requires a w>m gre5h\se temp]ature all ! ye> r\nd1 )1 ( c\rse1 pl5ty ( sun%9e4 ,x may be graft$ on ! /em ( an erect-gr[+ ,c]eus1 su* z ,c4 s]p5t9us or ,c4 ,napoleonis1 ! /ock to be n high] ?an #f 941 & ab\t z wide z ! plant ( ,e4 conc9nus is at ! base4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bi4--;,,e*9ocactus ,,conc9nus4 ,e4 coptonogonus 7wavy-ribb$72 ,fig4 #cj4--,/em globose1 seldom m ?an #e 94 9 diamet]1 depress$ on ! top1 ) f t5 to f\rte5 /rong1 %>p-edg$1 wavy ribs1 ! furr[s also be+ wavy4 ,sp9e tufts set 9 little depressions along ! m>g9s ( ! ribs1 five sp9es 9 ea* tuft1 ! two upp] #a 94 long & f\r-angl$1 ! two l[] flatt5$ & %ort]1 ! fif?1 :i* is ! longe/1 be+ plac$ 9 ! top ( ! cu%ion4 ,fl[]s #b 94 across1 daisy-l1 produc$ 9 ,april & ,may2 tube v %ort2 sepals & petals l9e>1 spread+1 :ite1 ) a purple /ripe d[n ! c5tre2 /am5s r$1 ) yell[ an!rs2 pi/il purple1 ) an eight-ray$1 yell[ /igma4 ,a native ( ,mexico4 7,syn4 ,e4 int]ruptus47 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cj4--;,,e*9ocactus ,,coptonogonus4 ,e4 cornig]us 7horn-be>+74--,?is rem>kable plant1 ( :i* a portion is repres5t$ at ,fig4 #ca1 has ! /\te/ sp9es ( all cultivat$ ,cactuses1 & _! arrangem5t on ! ridges ( ! /em is su* z w\ld )/& ! attacks ( all enemies4 ,! broad tongue-l sp9e is purple 9 col\r1 & z /rong z iron2 ! ?ree erect horn-l sp9es yell[1 & z firm z ! horns ( an antelope1 to :i* !y be> a resemblance4 ,! /em is sph]e-%ap$1 grey-gre5 9 col\r1 & is divid$ into f f\rte5 to tw5ty-"o /\t wavy ribs1 ^u :i* ! sp9e tufts occur at int]vals ( ab\t #b 94 ,! arrangem5t ( ! sp9es is %[n 9 ! illu/ration1 z also is ! position ( ! fl[]s1 :i* are small1 ) n>r[ purple petals & br[n-r$ sepals4 ,! plant is a native ( ,mexico & ,guatemala1 & w\ld require /ove treatm5t4 ,we h se5 only small liv+ examples1 b accord+ to descriptions & figures1 ! mo/ int]e/+ "* x possesses is its sp9y armam5t4 ,x has be5 call$ ,melocactus latisp9us & ,e*9ocactus latisp9us4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ca4--;,,e*9ocactus ,,cornig]us4 ,e4 corynodes 7club-l72 ,fig4 #cb4--,! /em ( ?is is ab\t z l>ge z a ,keswick ,codl9 apple1 ) ! broad end upp]mo/1 & ! sides cut up into ab\t a doz5 & a half r prom95t %>p ridges1 ) bun*es ( /\t yell[ sp9es arrang$1 at int]vals ( ab\t #a 941 along ! edges4 ,! fl[]s1 :i* are produc$ 9 a clu/] on ! top ( ! /em1 =m a cr[n ( bright yell[ petals1 /udd$ ) sc>let eye-l /igmas4 ,ea* fl[] is #b 94 9 diamet] :5 fully spread out1 cup-%ap$1 & compos$ ( two or ?ree r[s ( ov]-lapp+ petals4 ,9 ! middle ( ^! ne/le ! %ort /am5s1 & project+ well beyond !m is ! bright sc>let /igma1 =m+ a beautiful contra/ to ! petals4 ,?is plant is a native ( ,mexico1 & 0 introduc$ ab\t ! ye> #ahcg4 ,x is also kn[n 9 g>d5s "u ! names ( ,e4 rosaceus & ,e4 ,sell[ianus4 ,!re 0 a pretty little specim5 ( ?is fl[]+ 9 ! ,kew collection la/ ye>1 & ! op5+ & clos+ ( ! fl[]s1 z ! sunlight rea*$ or rec$$ f !m1 0 almo/ z rapid z t obs]v$ 9 ! daisy4 ,! :ole plant is s small1 &1 :5 9 fl[]1 s *>m+1 t no "o c\ld fail to admire x4 ,x requires simil> treatm5t to ,e4 conc9nus4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cb4--;,,e*9ocactus ,,corynodes4 ,e4 crispatus 7curl$72 ,fig4 #cc4--,! flatt5$1 wavy or curl$ ridges ( ?is species are *>act]i/ic ( sev]al o!r k9ds ( ,e*9ocactus4 ,its long1 /\t1 f]oci\s-look+ sp9es1 direct$ upw>ds1 h a v =bidd+ aspect4 ,! /em gr[s to a height ( ab\t #h 941 & is said to produce its l>ge1 long-tub$1 purple fl[]s 9 ! summ] mon?s4 ,x has be5 introduc$ by a ,cont95tal nurs]yman1 b1 s f> z is kn[n1 has n yet fl[]$ 9 any ,engli% collection4 ,x is app>5tly closely alli$ to ,e4 longihamatus4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cc4--;,,e*9ocactus ,,crispatus4 ,e4 ,cumm+ii 7,cumm+'s72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #fjig4--;,a pretty little species1 ) a globose /em ab\t #c 94 9 diamet]1 ! ridges divid$ into tub]cles1 & runn+ spirally r\nd ! /em4 ,f ea* tub]cle spr+s a radiat+ clu/] ( yell[i%1 hair-l sp9es4 ,! fl[]s are num]\s1 #a 94 long & wide1 ! scales on ! tube tipp$ ) r$1 :il/ ! petals /am5s1 & /igma are an uni=m bright o*re-yell[2 s t1 look$ at f above1 !y sugge/ ! fl[]s ( ! common m>igold4 ,a well-manag$ plant produces z _m z half-a-doz5 ( ^! fl[]s toge!r1 :i* op5 out widely "u ! influ5ce ( bright sunlight4 ,x is "o ( ! h>die/ ( ! g5us1 ?riv+ well 9 a fro/-pro( h\se or frame4 ,dur+ w9t]1 ! atmosph]e surr\nd+ x %\ld be z dry z possible2 b 9 summ] x likes pl5ty ( moi/ure1 & exposure to full sun%9e4 ,a v>iety ( ,e4 ,cumm+ii 0 rais$ f se$s a few ye>s ago by ,mr4 ,daniel1 ( ,epsom1 ! fl[]s ( :i* 7 pale almo/ to :it5ess4 ,! type is said to atta9 a height ( #h 94 9 its native c\ntry1 ,bolivia1 :5ce plants 7 introduc$ to ,kew 9 #ahdg1 & fl[]$ 9 ,july4 ,e4 cyl9draceus 7cyl9drical74--,a l>ge-gr[+ k9d1 atta9+ a height ( sev]al feet1 v broad1 &1 z ! "n d5otes1 cyl9drical 9 %ape4 ,:5 l>ge1 ! /em (t5 develops lat]al bran*es ab\t its base4 ,cultivat$ plants ( x are #f 94 high1 ! sides m>k$ ) ab\t a score ( ridges1 ^u :i*1 arrang$ 9 a d5se clu/]1 are ! /\t1 /rong sp9es1 ! longe/ ( !m #c 94 long1 hook$1 & project+ outw>ds1 ! %ort] spread+ & int]lac+ s z to =m a sort ( sp9y network all r\nd ! /em4 ,! fl[]s are yell[1 #b 94 long1 & are compos$ ( a %ort1 ?ick tube be>+ f =ty to fifty fr+$ sepals1 & ab\t half t numb] ( petals1 :i* are also fr+$4 ,!re are z _m z a doz5 fl[]s op5$ toge!r on /\t1 ag$ plants2 x is1 h[ev]1 m because ( ! d5sely sp9\s /ems ?an ! fl[]s t ?is species has f\nd its way into cultivation4 ,x _c be recomm5d$ = any except l>ge collections1 & :]e x c be gr[n 9 a /ove temp]ature4 ,x is a native ( ! hot des]ts ( ,colorado1 & 0 introduc$ ab\t t5 ye>s ago4 ,!re are sev]al heal?y "y specim5s ( x 9 ! ,kew collection4 ,e4 e*idne 7vip]2 probably 9 allusion to ! fang-l sp9es74--,?is species is rem>kable 9 hav+ a /\t cyl9drical /em1 #ab 94 high by #h 94 wide1 ) ab\t a doz5 deep ridges2 ^! are dispos$ spirally1 & be> tufts ( rigid1 broad sp9es1 #a 94 or m long1 spread+1 s z to int]lace & =m a wire-l network all r\nd ! /em4 ,x may be m5tion$ "h t an ,am]ican naturali/ has rec5tly sugge/$ t ! object ( ^! iron-l sp9es on ! /ems ( _m ,cactuses1 & m especially on ! majority ( ! ,h$gehog k9ds1 is n s mu* to def5d ! fle%y /ems f br[s+ animals z to af=d protection f ! scor*+ rays ( ! sun1 :i* w\ld o!rwise cause ! /ems to bli/] & %rivel2 & ! nature ( ! sp9y cov]+ ( ,e4 e*idne seems to support su* a view4 ,z 9 _m o!rs1 ! clu/]s ( sp9es 9 ?is plant h _! bases emb$d$ 9 a tuft ( :iti% wool4 ,! fl[]s are develop$ ne> ! c5tre ( ! top ( ! /em1 & are ( m$ium size1 bright yell[1 ) :iti% /am5s2 !y are produc$ two or ?ree toge!r1 9 summ]4 ,?is species is a native ( ,mexico2 x ?rives 9 a gre5h\se :]e fro/ is exclud$1 b only r>ely fl[]s ) u "u cultivation4 ,e4 ,emoryi 7,emory's72 ,fig4 #cd4--,?is is a v l>ge-/emm$ k9d1 specim5s hav+ be5 f\nd ne>ly #c ft4 9 height & ab\t #b ft4 9 diamet]4 ,small] plants1 su* z are 9 ,engli% collections1 h globose /ems #a ft4 ?r\gh1 ) ab\t ?irte5 ribs1 ! ribs tub]culat$1 ! tub]cles l>ge1 & r\nd$2 ! sp9es are borne on ! apex ( ! tub]cles 9 />-%ap$ bundles ( eight or n9e1 & are angl$1 (t5 flat on ! top side1 articulat$1 ) hook$ po9ts1 :il/ 9 l5g? !y v>y f #a 94 to #d 94 ,! fl[]s are #c 94 long1 ! tube clo!d ) he>t-%ap$ scales or sepals2 ! petals are r$1 ) yell[i% m>g9s1 spread+ s z to =m a beautiful1 l>ge1 cup-l fl[]1 ) a clu/] ( deep yell[ /am5s 9 ! c5tre4 ,! fl[]+ p]iod is 9 ! autumn1 & ! plant is a native ( ! ,l[] ,colorado & ,cali=nia4 ,liv+ plants ( x h only rec5tly be5 introduc$ into ,engli% collections4 ,at ,kew1 x is cultivat$ 9 a w>m gre5h\se1 :]e x is 9 good heal?4 ,f acc\nts ( x 9 its native haunts1 x w1 h[ev]1 probably pref] a cool h\se 9 w9t]1 & z mu* sun & w>m? z possible 9 spr+ & summ]2 = we are told t dur+ w9t] x is (t5 subject$ to sev]e fro/s & heavy sn[falls1 :il/ 9 summ] ! fi]ce heat ( ! sun is su* z to burn up all vegetation1 except ,cactuses & o!r simil> plants4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cd4--;,,fl[] ,,& ,,sp9es ,,( ,,e*9ocactus ,,emoryi4 ,e4 gibbosus 7hump$74--,a small apple-l plant1 n m ?an #d 94 high1 ) a depress$ top1 ! l[] "p be+ n>r[$4 ,x has sixte5 ribs or ridges1 compos$ ( r[s ( ?ick fle%y tub]cles1 ^u e o!r ( :i* are six or eight horny sp9es1 #a 94 long4 ,! fl[]s are pu%$ out f ! edge ( ! depression on ! top ( ! /em1 & are l>ge2 ! tube #a 94 long4 ,! petals spread to a wid? ( #c 941 & are arrang$ 9 sev]al r[s1 ov]lapp+ ea* o!r1 becom+ small] t[>ds ! c5tre ( ! fl[]1 z 9 an a/]2 !y are pure :ite1 except = a t+e ( r$ on ! tips ( ! out] ones1 ! /am5s be+ bright yell[4 ,two fl[]s are usually develop$ on a plant1 g5]ally 9 ,june4 ,?is species 0 introduc$ f ,jamaica ab\t #ahjh1 by a nurs]yman 9 ,hamm]smi?2 b z no ,e*9ocactuses are wild 9 ! ,we/ ,indian ,isl&s1 x mu/ h be5 introduc$ into ,jamaica f "s ( ! ,c5tral ,am]ican ,/ates1 or probably f ,mexico4 ,x may be graft$ on to ano!r free-gr[+ k9d ) advantage1 z x does n always keep heal?y :5 on its own roots4 ,x %\ld be gr[n 9 a cool gre5h\se1 or 9 ! w9d[ ( a dwell+-room1 always1 h[ev]1 9 a position :]e x w\ld get pl5ty ( sunlight4 ,e4 ,haynii 7,hayne's72 ,fig4 #ce4--;,an upright cyl9drical-/emm$ species1 v mu* l a ,mamill>ia 9 ! =m & position ( ! tub]cles & ! num]\s greyi% hair-l sp9es arrang$ 9 a radiat+ r+ on ! top ( ea* tub]cle4 ,! fl[]s are mu* long] ?an 9 any yet describ$1 ! tube be+ #f 94 9 l5g?1 clo!d ) l>ge sepals on ! upp] portion1 & ! petals are semi-erect ) recurv$ po9ts1 & col\r$ a brilliant purple-r$4 ,a native ( ,p]u1 :]e x is f\nd at high elevations1 gr[+ 9 crevices ( rocks & expos$ to full sunlight4 ,) u x ?rives 9 a w>m gre5h\se1 produc+ its beautiful fl[]s 9 summ]4 ,introduc$ ab\t #ahej4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ce4--;,,e*9ocactus ,,haynii4 ,e4 hexa$rophorus 7tub]cles six-sid$72 ,fig4 #cf4--,?is plant is di/+ui%$ by ! g\ty-look+ tub]cles into :i* its broad1 spiral ridges are divid$1 & :i* look z if !y w\ld sudd5ly bur/ l a bli/] if prick$ ) a p94 ,x gr[s ab\t #d 94 9 height1 & is simil> 9 =m to :at is %[n 9 ! accompany+ figure1 except t ! top is usually flatt] ?an "h repres5t$4 ,! :ole /em has a glauc\s hue1 & ! sp9es are r$di%-br[n4 ,! fl[]s1 :i* are produc$ freely 9 ,june & ,july1 are %ort-tub$1 spread+ to a wid? ( #b 942 ! petals too!d at ! tips1 & arrang$ 9 sev]al r[s1 ov]lapp+ ea* o!r1 ! col\r be+ :ite1 t9t$ ) rose1 ) a disk-l clu/] ( yell[ /am5s 9 ! c5tre1 & a :ite-ray$ /igma4 ,a native ( ,nor? ,mexico1 introduc$ ab\t #ahcj4 ,x is v sl[-gr[+1 atta9+ full size 9 n less ?an six ye>s f se$2 inde$1 x is /at$ t 9 twelve ye>s a plant ( x did n gr[ m ?an #b 94 ,/ill1 sl[ z x is1 x rema9s 9 good heal? :5 kept 9 a sunny position on a %elf 9 a gre5h\se or 9 a dwell+-room1 s t x may be recomm5d$ = places :]e space is v limit$4 ,l ,e4 gibbosus1 x does be/ :5 graft$ on to ano!r k9d4 ,we h se5 p]fect drum-/icks =m$ by graft+ a full-gr[n plant ( ?is on ! /em ( a ,c]eus4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cf4--;,,e*9ocactus ,,hexa$rophorus4 ,e4 horizon?alonis 7spread+-sp9$72 ,fig4 #cg4--,/em globose1 usually flatt5$ on ! top1 & divid$ into eight or n9e l>ge ribs or ridges1 grey-gre5 9 col\r4 ,sp9es 9 cr[d$ />-%ap$ clu/]s along ! apex ( ! ribs1 sev5 sp9es 9 ea* clu/]1 all ( !m /rong1 slightly curv$1 horn-l1 & m>k$ ) num]\s r+s2 !y are yell[1 tipp$ ) r$ :5 "y1 a%-col\r$ :5 old2 ! longe/ are ab\t #b 94 9 l5g?4 ,fl[]s t]m9al1 spr++ f ! "y sp9e tufts1 ea* #d 94 across1 ) two r[s ( petals arrang$ regul>ly 9 ! =m ( a cup2 col\r deep rose1 pal] on ! inside ( ! cup2 /am5s v num]\s1 ) :ite filam5ts & yell[ an!rs4 ,! fl[]s exp& at sunrise & close aga9 9 ! ev5+1 ea* "o la/+ ab\t a week2 !y are v agreeably sc5t$4 ,fl[]+ season1 ,may & ,june4 ,! plant is a native ( ,mexico1 & 0 introduc$ 9 #ahch4 7,syns4 ,e4 equitans1 ,e4 horizontalis47 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cg4--;,,e*9ocactus ,,horizon?alonis4 ,e4 ,le ,contei 7,le ,conte's72 ,fig4 #ch4--;,ano!r ( ! l>ge-/emm$ k9ds1 :i* h only rec5tly f\nd _! way into ,engli% g>d5s1 al?\gh long s9ce discov]$ & describ$ by ,am]ican travell]s4 ,! illu/ration repres5ts a "y plant4 ,:5 full-gr[n1 ?is species has a /em #e ft4 high by #b ft4 wide1 ) broad deep *annels & ridges1 wr9kl$ & cov]$ ) a ?ick network ( /\t sp9es1 :i* are set 9 clu/]s 9 a cu%ion ( :iti% wool1 ! longe/ be+ ab\t #c 94 9 l5g?1 ) curv$ or slightly hook$ po9ts1 & di/9ctly angul>4 ,! fl[]s are #b 94 long1 bell-%ap$2 ! petals %9+ lemon-yell[1 ) a t+e ( br[n on ! outside1 :il/ ! sepals are l a numb] ( fi%-scales1 ov]lapp+ ea* o!r d[n ! outside ( ! campanulate tube4 ,! /am5s & pi/il are almo/ hidd5 inside ! fl[]4 ,fl[]s are borne by q "y plants1 :il/ ^u full-gr[n specim5s !y are s num]\s z to =m a l>ge yell[ cap to ! imm5se1 prickly1 conical /ems4 ,!y are develop$ 9 ,augu/ & ,septemb]4 ,a native ( ,mexico1 :]e x is f\nd wild on ! rocky or gravelly pla9s & rav9es1 & (t5 9 crevices ( p]p5dicul> rocks4 ,x requires w>m gre5h\se treatm5t1 & pl5ty ( wat] dur+ ! summ]1 c>e be+ tak5 t ! soil x is plant$ 9 is p]fectly dra9$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ch4--;,,e*9ocactus ,,le ,,contei4 ,e4 ,leeanus 7,lee's72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #dahd4--,?is species has _m *>act]s 9 common ) ,e4 hexa$rophorus & ,e4 gibbosus1 ! /em be+ no l>g] ?an a small orange1 ) plump globose tub]cles1 be>+ />-%ap$ clu/]s ( %ort br[n sp9es4 ,! fl[]s are #a 94 long & wide1 & are compos$ ( a gre5 fle%y tube1 ) a few :iti% scales1 :i* gradually enl>ge till1 ) ! :ite1 rose-tipp$ petals1 !y =m a spread+ cup1 ! l>ge clu/] ( pale yell[ /am5s occupy+ ! :ole ( ! c5tre4 ,?is pretty little ,cactus 0 rais$ f se$s by ,messrs4 ,lee1 ( ! ,hamm]smi? ,nurs]y1 9 #ahdj4 ,x is a native ( ! ,arg5t9e ,prov9ces1 & fl[]s 9 ,may4 ,! treatm5t recomm5d$ = ,e4 gibbosus w be f\nd suitable = ?is4 ,x is happie/ :5 graft$ on to ano!r k9d4 ,= ! amateur ^: plants are gr[n 9 a room w9d[ or small plant-case1 ^! t9y ,h$gehog ,cactuses are mu* m suitable ?an l>g] k9ds1 z !y keep 9 heal? "u ord9>y treatm5t1 & fl[] annually2 :]eas1 ! l>g] k9ds1 unless gr[n 9 prop]ly-con/ruct$ h\ses1 r>ely blossom4 ,e4 longihamatus 7long-hook$72 ,fig4 #ci4--,we he>tily wi% all species ( ,cactace\s plants 7 z readily di/+ui%$ & z easily def9$ 9 words z 9 ! pres5t rem>kably f9e & h&some "o--rem>kable 9 ! v prom95t ridges1 ! l>ge & regul>ly-arrang$ sp9es1 ! c5tral "o v long1 flatt5$1 & usually hook$ at ! end1 & h&some 9 ! size & col\r+ ( its fl[]s1 bo? 9 ! bud & :5 fully exp&$4 ,! /em is globose1 #h 94 or m high2 x has ab\t ?irte5 prom95t r\nd$ ridges ) wav$ tumid edges1 f :i*1 ab\t #a 94 ap>t1 spr+ clu/]s ( sp9es1 ab\t a doz5 9 ea* clu/]1 d>k r$ :5 "y1 becom+ br[n ) age4 ,9 l5g?1 ^! sp9es v>y f #a 94 to #f 941 ! latt] be+ ! l5g? ( ! c5tral1 hook$ "o1 :i* is broad & flatt5$ at ! base4 ,! fl[]s are #d 94 broad & long1 ! tube %ort1 gre51 & be>+ r$di% scales1 :i* gradually pass into bright yell[ petals blot*$ ) r$ on ! outside1 ! inn] ones spread+ & =m+ a %all[ cup1 9 ! c5tre ( :i* are ! %ort yell[ /am5s & l>ge pi/il4 ,plants ( ?is species h be5 gr[n ) /ems #bj 94 high2 b x takes a great numb] ( ye>s = ! developm5t ( su* specim5s4 ,! fl[]s are produc$ on ! apex ( ! /em 9 ,july4 ,?is species 0 introduc$ f ,mexico ab\t #ahej2 x ?rives only :5 gr[n 9 a w>m gre5h\se1 :]e ! temp]ature 9 summ] may be all[$ to run up to #ij degs4 ) sun heat4 ,= l>ge collections x is "o ( ! mo/ desirable4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ci4--,,portion ,,( ,,plant ,,( ,,e*9ocactus ,,longihamatus4 ,e4 ,mackieanus 7,mackie's72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #cefa4--;,a small plant1 n m ?an ab\t #e 94 high1 & #b 94 broad at ! base1 wid5+ slightly upw>ds4 ,! ridges are brok5 up into num]\s fle%y1 r\nd$1 gre5 tub]cles1 cr[n$ ) a tuft ( ?9 br[n sp9es f 94 to #a 94 long1 _! bases set 9 a small pad ( yell[ wool3 ,z ! /em gets old]1 x loses its tub]cles at ! base1 :i* are *ang$ into br[n wr9kles4 ,! fl[]s are develop$ on ! top ( ! /em1 g5]ally two or ?ree toge!r1 egg-%ap$ & scaly :5 9 bud1 #b 94 across :5 exp&$2 ! petals :ite1 tipp$ ) br[n2 ! /igma gre51 club-%ap$4 ,?is curi\s little ,cactus is "o ( ab\t a doz5 species f\nd 9 ! ,*ilian ,&es4 ,x 0 introduc$ 9 #ahcg by ! g5tleman ^: "n x be>s1 & :o1 at t "t1 possess$ a fam\s collection ( ,cacti4 ,l ! re/ ( ! ,*ilian k9ds1 x %\ld be cultivat$ 9 a cool gre5h\se 9 full sun%9e1 :]e x w produce its fl[]s 9 summ]4 ,e4 mamill>ioides 7,mamill>ia-l72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #ceeh4--,?is is ano!r small1 tub]cl$ species1 :i*1 l ! prec$+1 is a native ( ,*ili4 ,its /em is v irregul> 9 =m1 ow+ to ! cr[d+ ( ! tub]cles1 :i* look z if !y 7 fill$ ) wat]4 ,! sp9es are small1 9 tufts ( ab\t half a doz51 set 9 a little cu%ion ( yell[i% wool4 ,9 size1 ! :ole plant is l ,e4 ,mackieanus1 b x blossoms m freely1 z _m z sixte5 fl[]s hav+ be5 borne at "o "t by a plant at ,kew4 ,^! 7 %ort-tub$1 ! calyx clo!d ) gre5 scales1 & ! petals #b 94 long1 recurv$ at ! apex1 =m+ a beautiful cup-l fl[] ( a bright yell[ col\r1 ) a b& ( r$ d[n ! c5tre ( ea* petal2 ! /am5s & pi/il yell[4 ,! numb] ( fl[]s develop$ on ! small /em =m$ by ?is plant is q extraord9>y4 ,x gr[s & fl[]s freely 9 an ord9>y gre5h\se1 & w\ld ?rive 9 a sunny w9d[ if kept dry dur+ ! w9t]4 ,e4 mamillosus 7nipple-be>+74--,a %ort1 dumpy plant1 ) num]\s tub]cl$ ridges1 be>+ bun*es ( d>k br[n hair-l sp9es1 :i* =m a close network ab\t ! /em4 ,! fl[]s are develop$ on ! top ( ! /em1 & are ab\t #d 94 9 diamet]1 ) a ?ick tube2 ! petals are spread+1 bright yell[ 9 col\r1 & arrang$ 9 a regul>1 bell-l :orl4 ,inside ?is bell is a circle ( purple filam5ts or /am5s1 =m+ a pretty contra/ ) ! cle> yell[ ( ! petals4 ,?is is a rec5t introduction1 :i* fl[]$ 9 ! ,kew collection = ! fir/ "t 9 ,june1 #ahhf4 ,x is "o ( ! mo/ beautiful ( ! l>ge-fl[]$ k9ds1 &1 z x ?rives 9 a w>m gre5h\se & is v free-fl[]+1 x may be expect$ to become a fav\rite ) ,cactus gr[]s4 ,ow+ to ! lack ( in=mation respect+ ! conditions "u :i* _m ( ! ,cactuses are f\nd wild1 & to ! fact t little 9 ! way ( exp]im5tal culture has be5 done by gr[]s ( ?is family1 cultivators are sometimes 9 ! d>k z reg>ds ! l[e/ temp]ature 9 :i* ! r>] k9ds c be safely gr[n4 ,_m ( ! species ( ! pres5t g5us1 = in/ance1 7 gr[n 9 /oves ye>s ago b are n[ kn[n to ?rive 9 a cool gre5h\se :]e fro/ alone is exclud$4 ,e4 multiflorus 7_m-fl[]$72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #daha4--;,a well-nam$ ,cactus1 z its small /em 7seldom m ?an #e 94 high1 & ! same 9 wid?7 (t5 be>s a l>ge cap-l clu/] ( beautiful :ite fl[]s1 except = a slight t+e ( br[n on ! tips ( ! petals4 ,ea* fl[] is compos$ ( a gre51 scaly tube1 & sev]al r[s ( reflex$ petals1 :i* =m a %all[ cup #b 94 across4 ,! /am5s are tipp$ ) orange-col\r$ an!rs1 & ! /igma is ray$ & sn[-:ite4 ,! /em is ridg$ ) r[s ( fle%y mammae or tub]cles1 :i* are curi\sly hump$1 & ea* be>s a clu/] ( spread+1 br[n sp9es1 #a 94 long4 ,! numb] ( fl[]s ?is little plant annually produces seems m ?an c\ld be possible )\t prov+ fatal to its heal?2 b we h se5 x blossom ye> aft] ye>1 & 9 no way has its heal? appe>$ impair$4 ,x may be gr[n on a %elf 9 a w>m gre5h\se1 or 9 ! w9d[ ( a heat$ dwell+-room4 ,introduc$1 probably f ,mexico1 9 #ahde4 ,?is1 l all ! small1 globul>-/emm$ k9ds1 may be graft$ on ! /em ( a ,c]eus ( suitable ?ickness4 ,"s cultivators believe t graft+ causes ! plants to fl[] m freely1 b we h n obs]v$ any diff]5ce 9 ?is respect betwe5 graft$ & ungraft$ plants4 ,e4 myrio/igma4 7_m-dott$72 ,fig4 #dj4--;,9 ! =m ( ! /em ( ?is species we h a good illu/ration ( h[ widely a plant may diff] f o!rs ( ! same g5us 9 c]ta9 ( its *>act]s1 = ! sp9es are almo/ totally suppress$1 & ! ridges are regul>1 deep1 & smoo?4 ,!re are usually five or six ridges1 a transv]se section ( ! /em reveal+ a =m exactly l ! common />-fi% 7,a/rophyton71 a resemblance to :i* ! "n ,a/rophytum1 sometimes appli$ to ?is plant1 ow$ its orig94 ,! =m ( ! /em is well repres5t$ 9 ! ,figure4 ,! :ite dots %[n on ! b>k1 & :i* look l scales1 are compos$ ( v f9e int]wov5 hairs1 :i*1 "u a microscope1 are v pretty objects4 ,?is species 0 introduc$ f ,mexico along ) ! l>ge plant ( ,e4 ,visnaga describ$ at ! beg9n+ ( ?is *apt]1 & 0 fir/ fl[]$ at ,kew1 9 ,july1 #ahde4 ,/ems #a ft4 9 l5g? 7 receiv$1 along ) %ort] ones2 b only ! small ones 7 e/abli%$4 ,! fl[]s are daisy-l1 #a 94 across1 & are /raw-col\r$1 ! petals be+ tipp$ ) black4 ,x ?rives "u w>m gre5h\se treatm5t4 ,:5 )\t its fl[]s1 x looks m l a piece ( *isell$ /one ?an a liv+ plant4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #dj4--;,,e*9ocactus ,,myrio/igma4 ,e4 obvallatus 7=tifi$72 ,fig4 #da4--,! =m ( /em 9 ?is species is %[n 9 ! ,figure4 ,x gr[s v sl[ly plants #d 94 ?r\gh tak+ ab\t t5 ye>s to rea* t size f se$s4 ,! sp9es are /\t1 all deflex$1 & arrang$ along ! edges ( ! num]\s ribs into :i* ! /em is divid$4 ,! fl[]s are develop$ f ! c5tre ( ! plant1 & are surr\nd$ by ! erect sp9es1 :i* cr[n !1 z yet1 undevelop$ tub]cles4 ,two or ?ree fl[]s are produc$ at ab\t ! same "t1 ea* "o be+ compos$ ( a %ort1 sp9y tube1 & a :orl ( erect petals1 :i* are po9t$1 purple-col\r$1 pal] at ! m>g91 ! /am5s be+ yell[4 ,native ( ,mexico4 ,x requires a /ove temp]ature1 & fl[]s 9 summ]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #da4--;,,e*9ocactus ,,obvallatus4 ,e4 ,ottonis 7,otto's72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #cajg4--;,a dw>f k9d1 ) a balloon-%ap$ /em1 r>ely exce$+ #d 94 9 height1 & divid$ into a doz5 wide ridges ) %>p1 regul> edges1 along :i* are clu/]s ( small1 br[n sp9es1 set 9 little tufts ( wool1 & look+ l an array ( spid]s4 ,! fl[]s are borne on ! tops ( ! ridges1 & are pale yell[ 9 col\r1 ) a b& ( r$ hair-l sp9es surr\nd+ ! calyx j bel[ ! petals1 :i* are n>r[1 spread+1 & look n unlike ! fl[]s ( ! yell[ ,m>gu]ite2 ! /igma is bright r$4 ,! symmetrical =m ( ! /em1 ) its r[s ( spid]-l sp9es1 r5d]s ?is plant attractive1 ev5 :5 )\t its bright & pretty fl[]s4 ,x ?rives only 9 a w>m /ove4 ,introduc$ f ,brazil 9 #ahca1 fl[]+ 9 ! mon? ( ,july4 ,z x produces "y plants ab\t its base1 x may be easily propagat$ by remov+ !m & plant+ !m 9 soil2 or !y may be graft$ z advis$ = o!r ( ! small1 globose-/emm$ k9ds4 ,e4 pect9if]us 7comb-be>+72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #daij4--,"o ( ! mo/ /rik+ ( ! plants ( ?is g5us1 ow+ to ! "* ( its /em1 & ! l>ge size & beauty ( its fl[]s4 ,! =m] resembles a pe> ) ! ?9 end d[nw>ds2 its height is f #d 94 to #f 941 & x has ab\t tw5ty ridges1 :i* are %>ply def9$ & be> along _! angles little cu%ions ( :ite wool 94 ap>t1 ) a radiat+ clu/] ( br[n sp9es spr++ f ea*4 ,! arrangem5t ( ! sp9es 9 r[s is n unlike ! tee? ( a comb4 ,! fl[]s are borne ne> ! top ( ! /em1 & consi/ ( a gre51 fle%y tube1 clo!d ) sp9es & little tufts ( :ite wool2 ! sepals =m a r[ b5ea? ! petals1 & are yell[i%1 t+$ ) purple2 petals #b 94 long1 broad1 ) ! upp] m>g9s too!d & ! tip acute1 _! col\r be+ bright rose1 t+$ ) gre5i%-:ite at ! base2 /am5s yell[2 /igma l>ge1 gre54 ,! =m ( ! fl[]s is t ( a cup1 ne>ly #c 94 across4 ,introduc$ f ,mexico 9 #ahde4 ,fl[]+ season1 ,april & ,may4 ,x requires w>m-h\se treatm5t4 ,e4 polycephalus 7_m-head$72 ,fig4 #db4--,/em globose :5 "y1 becom+ cyl9drical ) age2 numb] ( ribs v>y+ f twelve to tw5ty1 %>ply def9$1 & be>+1 at int]vals ( #a 941 clu/]s ( /\t1 r$di% sp9es1 some:at flatt5$ on ! upp] side1 & m>k$ ) rais$ r+s1 or1 z x is t]m$1 annulat$1 ! c5tral ones atta9+ a l5g? ( ov] #c 94 on old plants1 & sometimes curv$4 ,! fl[]s are envelop$ at ! base 9 a d5se mass ( :ite wool1 :i* hides ! tube1 its sp9es only %[+ ?r\gh2 petals n>r[1 #a 94 long1 spread+ l a sauc]1 & col\r$ bright yell[2 /am5s num]\s1 yell[1 z also is ! l>ge ray$ /igma4 ,cali=nia & ,colorado1 on /ony & gravelly hills4 ,fl[]s 9 spr+2 introduc$ to ,kew 9 #ahhf4 ,?is new plant is rem>kable 9 t x is (t5 f\nd wild ) z _m z tw5ty to ?irty /ems or heads spr++ f ! same base1 & ev5 "y plants %[ e>ly a disposition to develop sev]al heads4 ,! l>ge/ /ems are f #a ft4 to #b ft4 high1 & h a some:at =bidd+ appe>ance1 ow+ to ! size & /r5g? ( _! num]\s sp9es4 ,= its cultivation1 a w>m-h\se temp]ature appe>s mo/ suitable2 x be>s a close resemblance to ,e4 tex5sis4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #db4--,,ridge1 ,,) ,,sp9es1 ,,( ,,e*9ocactus ,,polycephalus4 ,e4 ,pottsii 7,potts'74--,! /em ( ?is is %[n 9 ,fig4 #dc4 ,full-siz$ plants are #a ft4 9 diamet]1 & h ab\t a doz5 ridges ) acute s9uses1 ! ridges be+ r\nd$ & ev54 ,! sp9es are #a 94 long1 bri/le-l1 & are arrang$ 9 clu/]s ( sev5 or n9e1 ) a cu%ion ( :ite wool at ! base ( ea* clu/]4 ,fl[]s %ort-tub$1 ab\t #b 94 across1 & col\r$ yell[2 !y are produc$ on ! top ( ! /em 9 summ]1 sev]al exp&+ toge!r4 ,! plant is a native ( ,cali=nia1 & 0 introduc$ ab\t #ahdj4 ,"u cultivation ?is species proves to be a %y-fl[]+ ,cactus1 al?\gh 9 a w>m h\se x gr[s freely1 & rema9s 9 good heal?4 ,x is well adapt$ = graft+ on to ! /em ( "s k9d ( ,c]eus1 & 9 ?is way may be made to look v s+ul>1 z 0 %[n 9 ,mr4 ,peacock's collection ( succul5ts "s ye>s ago1 :5 a f9e specim51 ov] #a ft4 across1 0 successfully graft$ on to ?ree /ems ( ,c4 tortuosus1 & _h mu* ! appe>ance ( a melon elevat$ on a %ort tripod4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #dc4--;,,e*9ocactus ,,pottsii4 ,e4 rhodoph?almus 7r$-ey$72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #ddhf1 #dfcd4--,/em cone-%ap$1 #d 94 to #a ft4 high1 deeply furr[$2 ridges ab\t n9e1 #a 94 high1 ! angles be>+ closely-set clu/]s ( radiat+ sp9es1 ) a project+ "o 9 ! middle ( ea* clu/]1 :i* conta9s n9e sp9es #a 94 long1 purple :5 "y1 becom+ :ite :5 old4 ,! fl[]s are produc$ f ! summit ( ! /em1 & h a ?ick1 gre51 scaly calyx tube1 ^u :i* ! spread+1 rose-col\r$ petals are arrang$ 9 a regul> s]ies1 & =m a %all[ bell ne>ly #c 94 across4 ,! ?roat ( ! fl[] is col\r$ a deep crimson1 aga9/ :i* ! little %eaf ( :ite /am5s & ! />-%ap$ yell[ /igma =m a pretty contra/4 ,?ree or m fl[]s are exp&$ toge!r on a plant4 ,x is a native ( ,mexico2 introduc$ 9 #ahde4 ,x ?rives 9 a h\se or frame :]e x is protect$ f fro/1 & dur+ summ] gets pl5ty ( sunlight & air4 ,x fl[]s 9 ,augu/4 ,dur+ ! mon?s ( ,april & ,may1 :5 x />ts into gr[?1 x %\ld be kept close2 b by ! end ( ,june1 x %\ld be expos$ to ! op5 air & all[$ to rip51 s t its fl[]s may be produc$ 9 ! autumn4 ,! plant call$ ,e4 v4 ellipticus does n diff] f ! type1 ow+ its "n to ! =m ( ! /em ( ! fir/ plant t fl[]$ at ,kew4 ,e4 scopa4 7bru%-l72 ,fig4 #dd4--,! /em ( ?is species1 :5 se5 cov]$ ) num]\s tufts ( bri/ly sp9es1 has be5 comp>$ to a bru%1 a comp>ison n1 h[ev]1 applicable to ! =m repres5t$ 9 ! ,figure4 ,9 height ! /ems sometimes rea* l ft41 ) f ?irty to =ty ribs1 be>+ little discs ( :ite wool at ! bases ( ! clu/]s ( sp9es4 ,! fl[]s spr+ f ! upp] "p ( ! /em 7! nodules %[n 9 ! illu/ration repres5t ! places :]e fl[]s h be5 develop$ at an e>li] /age ( gr[?71 f f\r to six be+ borne 9 ! same season2 !y are #a 94 long & wide1 ! tube %ort & br[n1 bri/ly2 ! petals are arrang$ 9 sev]al ov]lapp+ s]ies1 r wide = _! l5g?1 too!d at ! ends2 _! col\r is a bright sulphur-yell[1 z also are ! /am5s1 :il/ ! /igma1 :i* is ray$1 is bright crimson4 ,native ( ,brazil4 ,introduc$ ab\t #ahdj2 x is m l a ,c]eus1 9 ! =m ( its /em1 ?an an ,e*9ocactus4 ,x fl[]s 9 ,june1 & requires /ove treatm5t4 ,! /ems1 :5 dri$ c>efully & /uff$ ) wadd+1 =m pretty ornam5ts4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #dd4--;,,e*9ocactus ,,scopa4 ,e4 scopa cri/ata4 7cre/$ v>iety72 ,fig4 #de4--,?is curi\s mon/rosity owes its orig9 to fasciation simil> to :at occurs 9 ! ,celosias or ,cockscombs1 9 "s ,e*ev]ias1 c4 ,^! mon/] v>ieties ( ,cactuses d n fl[]1 b !y are nev]!less int]e/+1 & wor? gr[+ on acc\nt ( _! curi\s %apes4 ,! plant %[n 9 ,fig4 #de is graft$ on ! /em ( a ,c]eus1 & x is rem>kable t a portion ( ! cre/ ( ! ,e*9ocactus w1 if graft$ on to ano!r plant1 develop ! abnormal =m ( its p>5t1 prov+ t ! v>iation1 :atev] its cause1 has become fix$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #de4--;,,e*9ocactus ,,scopa ,,cri/ata4 ,e4 ,simpsoni 7,simpson's74--,"o ( ! smalle/ plants 9 ! g5us1 & "o ( ! prettie/4 ,x produces tufts ( irregul>ly-=m$ /ems ab\t #d 94 high1 & compos$ ( num]\s r\nd$ tub]cles ov] 94 wide1 be>+ on ! top ( ea* a tuft ( ab\t twelve sp9es 94 long4 ,! fl[]s are borne f ! apex ( ! "y tub]cles1 & are #a 94 wide & long1 cup-%ap$2 petals pale purple1 ! /am5s yell[4 ,native ( ,mexico & ,colorado1 :]e x is f\nd at elevations ( #hjjj ft4 to #aj1jjj ft41 9 great abundance1 =m+ l>ge pat*es on gravelly mora9s1 :]e ! climate dur+ ! summ] is dry1 :il/ 9 w9t] a ?ick cov]+ ( sn[ protects ! plants f sev]e fro/s4 ,9 ,engl&1 ?is species is said to h )/ood #cb degs4 ( fro/ )\t be+ injur$4 ,x has be5 gr[n out ( doors 9 a g>d5 at ,nor?ampton1 :]e x pass$ sev]al w9t]s plant$ 9 a rais$ bord] at ! foot ( a s\? wall ) a natural cop+ ( ivy4 ,9 ,new ,york1 :]e ! fro/s ( w9t] are sev]] ?an 9 ,engl&1 x is cultivat$ out ( doors4 ,9 ?is c\ntry x is apt to be injur$ by excessive moi/ure & fogs2 b by protect+ x ) a h&light f ,novemb] to ,m>* or ,april1 ?is is ov]come4 ,if gr[n 9 pots1 x %\ld be kept 9 a position :]e x c enjoy all ! sunlight possible4 ,e4 s9uatus 7undulat$74--,/em ab\t #h 94 wide & long2 globose1 be>+ f\rte5 to sixte5 ridges1 ! edges ( :i* are wavy or undulat$1 ! prom95t po9ts cr[n$ ) tufts ( ?91 flexu\s1 yell[ sp9es1 ! longe/ #a 941 & hook$1 ! %ort] 941 & /raight4 ,! /em ( ,e4 longihamatus is v simil> to ?is4 ,fl[]s develop$ on ! top ( ! /em2 tube %ort1 scaly1 gre52 petals yell[1 spread+1 & =m+ a cup #c 94 across1 :i* is gre5i% outside4 ,a native ( ,mexico1 :]e x fl[]s 9 ,april4 ,a rec5tly-introduc$ k9d1 n yet fl[]$ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,x is describ$ z be+ a di/9ct1 l>ge-fl[]$1 h&some species4 ,e4 t5uisp9us 7?9-sp9$72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #cifc4--,/em globul>1 depress$1 ) ridges & sp9es simil> to ^? ( ,e4 ,ottonis2 inde$1 by "s ^! two are consid]$ =ms ( ! same species4 ,9 ! numb] & size ( ! fl[]s1 _! col\r & =m1 & ! "t ( fl[]+1 !re is no diff]5ce betwe5 !m4 ,native ( ,mexico 7& ,brazil 874 ,e4 tex5sis 7,texan72 ,fig4 #df4--;,a %ort-/emm$ plant1 ) a ?ick1 lea!ry sk9 & broad-bas$ ridges ( irregul> =m1 cr[n$ ) tufts ( /\t horny sp9es1 ! c5tral "o mu* ! longe/1 flatt5$ at ! base1 & /rong z /eel4 ,! fl[]s are produc$ ne> ! c5tre ( ! top1 f ! tufts ( :iti% wool :i* accompany ! sp9es on ! "y p>ts ( ! ridges4 ,!y are #b 94 long & wide2 ! tube %ort & woolly2 ! petals spread+1 beautifully fr+$1 & rose-col\r$4 ,native ( ,nor?-ea/ ,mexico1 :]e x gr[s on /ony hillsides 9 full exposure to sun%9e1 & :]e1 dur+ w9t]1 x has to endure wea!r v]g+ on to fro/4 ,x ?rives 9 a gre5h\se "u cultivation4 ,l sev]al ( ! /\t-sp9$1 robu/-/emm$ k9ds1 ?is may f9d fav\r z a g>d5 plant because ( ! "* ( its /em1 & ! extraord9>y /r5g? ( its l>ge iron-l sp9es4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #df4--;,,e*9ocactus ,,tex5sis4 ,e4 turb9i=mis 7top-%ap$74--,a v di/9ct dw>f k9d1 ) globul> /ems #b 94 high & ab\t #c 94 wide1 clo!d ) spirally-arrang$ r[s or ridges ( tub]cles1 simil> to ^? %[n 9 ! figure ( ,e4 hexa$rophorus1 except t1 9 ! =m]1 !re are no sp9es on ! mature tub]cles1 al?\gh1 :5 "y1 !y h ea* a little clu/] ( f9e sp9es4 ,! fl[]s exp& 9 ,june1 sev]al toge!r1 f ! top ( ! /em2 !y are r\nd1 #a 94 across1 ! petals be+ num]\s1 pale yell[ 9 col\r1 t+$ ) r$ on ! outside4 ,introduc$ f ,mexico1 #ahdj4 ,?is curi\s little plant requires /ove treatm5t1 & ?rives :5 graft$ on ! /em ( "s o!r k9d4 ,x is sometimes kn[n z ,mamill>ia turb9ata4 ,e4 unc9atus 7hook$72 ,fig4 #dg4--;,a small species1 ) oval /ems :5 "y1 old] plants becom+ cyl9drical1 z %[n 9 ! accompany+ ,figure4 ,! height ( ! l>ge/ plant does n exce$ #f 941 s t1 :5 wild1 x is (t5 hidd5 by ! long grass 9 :i* x is frequ5tly f\nd on /ony hillsides at high elevations1 9 ,mexico4 ,! ridges are brok5 up into l>ge tub]cles1 ^u ea* ( :i* is a tuft ( %ort /raight sp9es1 arrang$ 9 a circle1 & a long hook$ "o spr++ f ! c5tre1 & (t5 atta9+ a l5g? ( ab\t #d 94 ,9 old plants ! sp9es are almo/ :ite1 :il/ 9 "y ones !y are purpli%4 ,! fl[]s are borne 9 a clu/] on ! apex ( ! /em1 & are ne>ly #b 94 long1 ! tube be+ %ort & sp9y1 & ! petals num]\s1 arrang$ 9 a cup1 _! col\r d>k purpli%-r$1 ! tips po9t$2 ! /am5s are yell[1 ) orange tips4 ,! fl[]s exp& only :5 ! sun %9es on !m1 clos+ up aga9 9 dull light1 b op5+ aga91 & rema9+ fre% = ab\t a week4 ,introduc$ 9 #ahej4 ,fl[]s 9 ,m>* & ,april4 ,?is plant may be gr[n 9 a cool1 sunny gre5h\se1 or w9d[1 requir+ only protection f fro/ 9 w9t]1 & 9 summ] pl5ty ( light1 ) a mod]ate am\nt ( wat]4 ,!re are sev]al v>ieties ( x describ$1 _! diff]5ces be+ *iefly 9 ! %ape ( ! /em4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #dg4--;,,e*9ocactus ,,unc9atus4 ,e4 viridesc5s 7gre5i%74--,/em #a ft4 high & #i 94 across1 "y plants be+ broad] ?an high2 ! sides split up into ab\t tw5ty ridges1 :i* are aga9 divid$ into knotty tub]cles or waves4 ,! sp9es are rem>kable = _! size & /r5g?1 ^? on l>ge plants be+ #d 94 long by 94 broad at ! base1 gradually n>r[+ to a /iff po9t2 !re are f\r c5tral sp9es ( ?is size1 ! o!rs1 ( :i* !re are ab\t a doz51 be+ %ort] & ?9n]1 & arrang$ /ellately4 ,! fl[]s1 :i* are r>ely produc$1 are poor 9 comp>ison ) ! majority ( ! fl[]s ( ?is g5us4 ,z ! "n d5otes1 _! col\r is yell[i%-gre52 & !y are ab\t #a 94 wide & high4 ,!re are (t5 z _m z a doz5 fl[]s exp&$ toge!r on a /em ( ?is plant :5 wild1 & !y are arrang$ 9 a circle ar\nd ! gr[+ po9t4 ,! int]e/ 9 ?is species1 h[ev]1 c5tres 9 its sp9es r ?an its fl[]s4 ,x is a native ( ! dry hills ( ,cali=nia1 ext5d+ sometimes d[n to ! sea-bea*4 ,!re is a plant ( x at ,kew #f 94 high & ab\t fifte5 ye>s old2 x has n be5 kn[n to fl[] !re4 ,mr4 ,peacock also possesses a l>ge plant ( x4 ,e4 ,visnaga4 7visnaga means a too?pick among ! ,mexican settl]s72 ,fig4 #dh4--,( ! mo/ rem>kable features ( ?is truly wond]ful ,cactus we h already spok5 e>li] 9 ?is ,*apt]4 ,9 #ahdf1 ,sir ,w4 ,j4 ,hook] describ$1 9 ! ,illu/rat$ ,london ,news1 a l>ge plant ( x1 :i* _h be5 successfully introduc$ alive to ,kew1 & :i*1 a ye> or s lat]1 fl[]$1 & 0 figur$ 9 ! ,botantical ,magaz9e 7#deei74 ,its height 0 #i ft41 & x measur$ #i ft4 9 circumf]5ce2 its weight a ton4 ,aft]w>ds1 x exhibit$ symptoms ( int]nal injury4 ,! inside became a putrid mass1 & ! cru/1 or %ell1 fell 9 by its own weight4 ,! %ape ( ! /em is elliptical1 ) num]\s ridges & /\t br[n sp9es arrang$ 9 tufts along _! edges4 ,! fl[]s are freely produc$ f ! woolly apex2 ! tube is scaly & br[n1 & ! petals are arrang$ l a sauc] ab\t ! clu/] ( orange-col\r$ /am5s4 ,! col\r ( ! petals is bright yell[1 & ! wid? ( ! fl[] is ne>ly #c 94 ,?is plant is a native ( ,mexico1 & is usually cultivat$ 9 a tropical temp]ature1 b x w\ld probably ?rive 9 a w>m gre5h\se4 ,x fl[]s 9 summ]4 ,z we h /at$1 l>ge specim5s d n live long 9 ?is c\ntry2 & z ! fl[]s are only borne by su*1 ! plant1 except only = its /ems1 is n to be recomm5d$ = ord9>y collections4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #dh4--;,,e*9ocactus ,,visnaga4 ,e4 ,williamsii 7,williams's72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #dbif4--;,a v di/9ct dw>f species1 (t5 call$ ! ,dumpl+ ,cactus1 f ! puff$-out1 tumid appe>ance ( its /ems1 :i* frequ5tly bran* at ! base1 s z to =m a tuft ( sev]al heads2 ^! are turb9ate1 #c 94 or #d 94 high1 & #b 94 across ! top1 :]e ! smoo?1 pale gre5 fle% is divid$ into ab\t half-a-doz5 r\nd$ tub]cles1 press$ closely toge!r1 & sugge/+ a numb] ( small gre5 potatoes jo9$ by _! bases4 ,ea* tub]cle be>s sev]al tufts ( %ort hairs4 ,! fl[]s proce$ f ! "y tub]cles ne> ! c5tre ( ! cr[n1 _! bases be+ envelop$ 9 pale br[n wool1 ! petals spread+ out daisy-l to ! wid? ( #a 941 ) a %ort disk ( /am5s 9 ! middle2 !y are :ite1 t+$ ) rose1 & are develop$ 9 ! summ] mon?s4 ,native ( ! rocky hills ( ,mexico1 :5ce x 0 introduc$ 9 #ahde4 ,! /ems ( ?is plant are its mo/ di/9ctive feature4 ,x ?rives on a %elf 9 a w>m gre5h\se1 if kept p]fectly dry 9 w9t]1 & x %\ld be pott$ 9 a compo/ consi/+ ( brok5 brick two-?irds1 loam "o-?ird4 ,e4 ,wisliz5i 7,wisliz5's72 ,fig4 #di4--;,a l>ge-/emm$ k9d1 second only 9 size to ,e4 ,visnaga4 ,"y plants h depress$ /ems1 ^? 9 old] specim5s be+ cyl9d]-%ap$4 ,a specim5 at ,kew is #h 94 high by #ah 94 9 diamet]1 ) tw5ty-"o ridges1 :i* are regul> & %>p-edg$1 & be> bun*es ( sp9es at regul> int]vals1 ! out] & %ort] ones be+ spread+ & :ite1 :il/ f ! middle ( ea* tuft arise f\r long] & /\t] sp9es1 ?ree ( !m #b 94 long1 & "o #c 941 ) ! po9t hook$1 & z /rong z if made ( /eel4 ,! fl[]s1 :i* are develop$ only on l>ge plants1 are gre5i%-yell[1 ab\t #b 94 long & wide1 & exp& dur+ summ] & autumn4 ,! juice ( ! /ems is said to s]ve z a sub/itute = wat] :5 ! latt] is sc>ce1 & in/ances h be5 kn[n among ! :ite trapp]s :]e ! lives ( m5 h be5 sav$ by ?is plant4 ,a novel use ! /ems are put to by ! ,indians is t ( boil]s1 a purpose :i* !y are said to answ] well4 ,! fle%y inside is scoop$ out1 & ! t\gh sk91 ) its iron-l sp9e protection1 is !n fill$ ) vegetables & wat] & plac$ on ! fire4 ,z !re is a pl5tiful supply ( plants1 ! ,indians d n tr\ble to c>ry ?is boil] ab\t ) !m1 b make a fre% "o at e /age ( _! j\rney+s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #di4--,,sp9es ,,& ,,fl[]s ,,( ,,e*9ocactus ,,wisliz5ii4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,! ,,g5us ,,e*9opsis4 7,f e*9os1 a h$gehog1 & opsis1 l47 ,no less ?an ?ree sections ( ,cactuses1 viz41 ! above1 ,e*9ocactus1 & ,e*9oc]eus1 owe _! names to _! h$gehog-l /ems4 ,f a horticultural po9t ( view1 !re is p]haps no good reason = keep+ ! above ?ree g5]a & ,c]eus sep>ate2 b we foll[ ,kew 9 ! arrangem5t adopt$ "h4 ,! g5us ,e*9opsis1 z n[ recognis$ by mo/ ,engli% botani/s & cultivators1 comprises ab\t ?irty species1 mo/ ( :i* h be51 or are /ill1 9 cultivation4 ,!y are di/+ui%$ f ,e*9ocactuses by ! l5g? ( _! fl[] tube1 f ,c]euses by ! =m & size ( _! /ems1 & f bo? 9 ! position on ! /em occupi$ by ! fl[]s4 ,!y are rem>kable = ! great size1 l5g? ( tube1 & beauty ( _! fl[]s1 :i*1 borne ^u g5]ally small & dumpy /ems1 appe> v mu* l>g] & h&som] ?an w\ld be expect$4 ,! di/ribution ( ,e*9opsis is simil> to t ( ,e*9ocactus1 species be+ f\nd 9 ,*ili1 ,bolivia1 ,p]u1 ,brazil1 ,mexico1 c4 ,!y gr[ only 9 situations :]e ! soil is s&y or gravelly1 or on ! sides ( hills 9 ! crevices ( rocks4 ,cultivation4--,! gr[+ & re/+ seasons = ,e*9opsis are ! same z = ,e*9ocactus1 & we may !re=e ref] to :at is said "u t g5us = g5]al h9ts ) reg>d to ! cultivation ( ,e*9opsis 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,! foll[+ is f ! notes ( ! late ,curator ( ! ,royal ,g>d5s1 ,kew 7,mr4 ,j4 ,smi?71 z be+ wor?y ! att5tion ( ,cactus gr[]s4 ,writ+ ab\t ,e*9opsis cri/ata1 :i* he grew & fl[]$ exceptionally well1 he says3 ,?is %[y plant is a native ( ,*ili1 &1 l its ,mexican allies1 ?rives if pott$ 9 light loam1 ) a little leaf m\ld & a few nodules ( lime rubbi%4 ,! latt] are = ! purpose ( keep+ ! soil op52 x is also necess>y t ! soil %\ld be well dra9$4 ,9 w9t]1 wat] mu/ be giv5 v sp>+ly1 & ! atmosph]e ( ! h\se %\ld be dry2 ! temp]ature ne$ n exce$ #ej degs4 dur+ ! night1 & 9 v cold wea!r x may be all[$ to fall #aj degs4 l[]1 provid$ a high] temp]ature 7#ee degs47 be ma9ta9$ dur+ ! day4 ,z ! season advances1 ! plants %\ld receive ! full influ5ce ( ! increas+ w>m? ( ! sun2 & dur+ hot wea!r1 !y w be b5efit$ by frequ5t syr++ ov]head1 :i* %\ld be done 9 ! ev5+4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 necess>y to gu>d aga9/ ! soil becom+ saturat$1 = ! s(t fibr\s roots suff] if !y cont9ue 9 a wet /ate = any l5g? ( "t4 ,none ( ! species require to be graft$ to gr[ freely & rema9 heal?y1 z ! /ems are all robu/ en\gh & ( suffici5t size to take c>e ( !mselves4 ,! only dang] is 9 keep+ ! plants too moi/ 9 w9t]1 = al?\gh a little wat] n[ & aga9 keeps ! /ems fre% & gre51 x deprives !m ( t re/ :i* is ess5tial to ! developm5t ( _! l>ge1 beautiful fl[]s 9 summ]4 ,,species4 ,e4 campylacan?a4 7curv$-sp9$72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #defg4--,/em #a ft4 or l ft4 high1 globe-%ap$1 ) a some:at po9t$ top1 ! sides divid$ into f f\rte5 to sixte5 ridges1 ) tub]cl$ edges1 be>+ clu/]s ( ab\t t5 /rong br[n sp9es1 :i* are /ellately arrang$1 a c5tral "o project+ outw>ds1 !n sudd5ly curv+ upw>ds1 & measur+ #c 94 9 l5g?4 ,! fl[]s are develop$ f ! ridges on ! side ( ! /em2 !y are #f 94 long1 ! tube %ap$ l a trumpet1 br[ni% 9 col\r1 & clo!d ) tufts ( %ort black hairs2 petals arrang$ 9 ?ree r[s1 spread+ s z to =m a limb #b 94 across1 pale rose-col\r$1 ) a l>ge clu/] ( yell[-tipp$ /am5s1 =m+ a disk-l c5tre4 ,?is species is a native ( ,*ili1 & 0 introduc$ 9 #ahca4 ,x blossoms 9 spr+ & summ]4 ,! long curv+ c5tral sp9e & rem>kable l5g? ( ! fl[]-tube di/+ui% x f ! o!r k9ds4 ,x may be gr[n 9 a cool gre5h\se1 :]e x w ?rive1 if kept freely wat]$ dur+ summ] & re/$ on a dry1 sunny %elf 9 w9t]4 ,x is r>e 9 ,engli% collections1 b frequ5tly occurs 9 ,cont95tal g>d5s4 ,e4 cri/ata 7cre/$72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #dfhg4--,/em globe-%ap$1 #a ft4 high1 slightly n>r[$ t[>ds ! top2 ridges fifte51 #a 94 deep1 %>ply angul>1 ! edges be>+ tufts ( spread+1 yell[i% sp9es1 ov] #a 94 long1 slightly curv$1 & tipp$ ) r$4 ,fl[]s creamy-:ite1 spr++ f ! ridges on ! top ( ! /em2 tube #d 94 long1 clo!d ) tufts ( black hairs1 & surm\nt$ by a :orl ( r$di%-yell[ sepals1 above :i* are two r[s ( broad-spread+ petals4 ,! wid? ( ! fl[] is ov] #f 941 & ! /am5s are arrang$ 9 a corona-l :orl inside ! petals4 ,?is v f9e ,cactus is a native ( ,bolivia1 :5ce x 0 introduc$ 9 #ahej4 ,:5 9 fl[]1 ! broad1 long-tub$1 pale-col\r$ blossoms equal 9 beauty ^? ( ! ,night-fl[]+ ,c]eus4 ,x blossoms 9 ,july4 ,x ?rives if kept 9 a w>m1 sunny gre5h\se1 b mu/ be lib]ally treat$ 9 summ]1 s z to induce vigor\s gr[?1 & !n be subject$ to complete re/ 9 w9t] 9 full sunlight1 or x w n fl[]4 ,e4 c4 purpurea 7purple 74--,?is v>iety diff]s f ! type 9 hav+ deep rose-col\r$ fl[]s & a slightly long] tube4 ,x is impossible to f9d among all ! species ( ! ,c]eus section a m beautiful plant ?an ?is2 ! size ( ! fl[]s1 _! ri* col\r1 _! develop+ ?ree or f\r toge!r 9 ! mon? ( ,july1 be+ almo/ exceptional1 ev5 among ,cactuses4 ,a spl5did example ( x 0 fl[]$ at ,kew 9 #ahdf = ! fir/ "t4 ,x ?rives "u ! conditions recomm5d$ = ,e4 cri/ata4 ,?is v>iety is (t5 made v sickly by treat+ x z a tropical ,cactus1 &1 l mo/ ( ^! plants1 if once x gets into a bad condition1 x rema9s s a long "t1 9 spite ( lib]al & c>eful treatm5t4 ,s _m ( ! ,cactuses f\nd 9 cool regions are ru9$ by an excess ( heat 9 w9t]1 & a close atmosph]e dur+ _! season ( gr[?1 t too mu* att5tion _c be giv5 to ! "q ( temp]ature 9 relation to _! cultivation 9 ,engli% g>d5s4 ,e4 ,decaisneanus 7,decaisne's74--,z repres5t$ 9 ,fig4 #ej1 ?is plant appe>s to h a column> /em1 b ?is is ow+ to ! specim5 hav+ be5 =m$ by cutt+ (f ! upp] portion ( an old plant & /rik+ x4 ,naturally1 ! /em 9 ?is species is globul> or slightly egg-%ap$1 & be>s ab\t f\rte5 ridges1 ^u :i* are tufts ( %ort sp9es1 spr++ f little cu%ions ( :iti% wool4 ,! position ( ! fl[]s is %[n 9 ! figure4 ,! tube is cov]$ ) tufts ( hair-l sp9es1 & ! petals & sepals are broad1 spread+1 & :ite1 t+$ ) yell[1 z 9 ,e4 cri/ata4 ,! native c\ntry ( ?is plant is n kn[n2 b x is a well-kn[n g>d5 ,cactus1 & ?rives 9 a w>m1 airy gre5h\se 9 summ]1 & on a dry1 sunny %elf 9 w9t]4 ,! swoll5 base ( ! tube is a good example ( ! nature ( :at is usually t]m$ ! fl[]-/alk 9 ^! plants4 ,x is1 z has be5 po9t$ out1 ! elongat$ calyx1 & ! swoll5 portion is ! ov>y or se$ vessel4 ,if1 !re=e1 se$s are desir$1 ! )]+ fl[]s %\ld be all[$ to rema91 &1 9 "t1 ! upp] portion ( ! tube w fall away1 leav+ ! base1 :i* cont9ues to gr[ till x atta9s ! proportions ( a h5's egg4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ej4--;,,e*9opsis ,,decaisneanus4 ,e4 ,eyriesii 7,eyries'74--,/em no l>g] ?an an orange1 ) ab\t a doz5 ridges1 ! edges %>p1 & be>+ little globul> tufts ( :iti% wool & r$1 hair-l sp9es4 ,fl[] exce$+ly l>ge = ! size ( ! /em1 ! tube be+ m ?an #f 94 long1 funnel-%ap$1 pale gre51 ) tufts ( br[n hairs1 :i* look v mu* l insects1 scatt]$ ov] ! surface4 ,! petals are num]\s1 n>r[-po9t$1 spread+1 pure :ite1 ! /am5s pale yell[1 & ! />-l /igma :ite4 ,?is species is a native ( ,mexico1 & 0 introduc$ by ! late ,sir ,john ,lubbock1 ab\t #ahcj4 ,x blossoms at v>i\s seasons1 g5]ally 9 summ]4 ,indep5d5tly ( ! l>ge size ( ! fl[]s1 :i* rival 9 dim5sions ^? ( ! ,c]euses1 x is rem>kable = ! ri*1 delicate od\r !y exhale at night1 at :i* "t its glori\s blossoms exp&4 ,:5 "y1 !y resemble long1 sooty-grey horns1 cov]$ ov] ) a ?ick1 %aggy hair9ess1 & w\ld nev] be suspect$ to conceal a =m ( ! utmo/ beauty & a cle> & delicate complexion4 ,:5 ! h\r ( p]fection has arriv$1 & ! co>se veil ( hair beg9s to be )drawn by ! expansion ( ! unfold+ petals1 "o is amaz$ at ! unexpect$ lovel9ess :i* /&s reveal$ 9 ! =m ( ?is vegetable />1 ^: rays are ( ! s(te/ :ite 7,l9dley74 ,= its cultivation1 ?is plant requires a w>m h\se always2 b c>e %\ld be tak5 to give x pl5ty ( fre% air & z mu* light z possible4 ,! soil be/ suit$ = x is a ri* loam ) a little s& & *>coal4 ,x likes lib]al wat]+ 9 summ]4 ,e4 ,e4 flore-pl5o 7d\ble-fl[]$72 ,fig4 #ea4--;,a =m ) sev]al r[s ( petals1 :i* give ! fl[]s a d\bl$ appe>ance4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ea4--;,,e*9opsis ,,eyriesii ,,flore-,,pl5o4 ,e4 ,e4 glauca 7ho>y-grey74 ,?is v>iety diff]s f ! type 9 ! abs5ce ( ! d>k br[n hairs f ! fl[]-tube1 :i* is also %ort] ?an 9 ,e4 ,eyriesii4 ,probably a native ( ,mexico4 ,e4 oxygonus 7%>p-angl$74--,?is is v simil> to ,e4 ,eyriesii4 ,/em globul> 9 %ape1 & divid$ into ab\t f\rte5 acute-edg$ ridges1 ^u :i* are tufts ( br[n sp9es1 v>y+ f 94 to #a 94 9 l5g?4 ,fl[] #h 94 long1 ! tube slightly curv$1 cov]$ ) little scales & hairs1 & col\r$ gre5 & r$4 ,! petals =m an incurv$ cup1 & are broad1 ) po9t$ tips2 _! col\r a bright rose1 ) a light] %ade t[>ds ! c5tre ( ! fl[]4 ,z 9 ,e4 ,eyriesii1 ! fl[]s ( ?is k9d are borne sev]al toge!r f ! ridges ne> ! gr[+ c5tre ( ! /em4 ,x is a native ( ,brazil1 :5ce x 0 introduc$ ne>ly half a c5tury ago4 ,x ?rives 9 an int]m$iate h\se1 if treat$ z advis$ = ,e4 ,eyriesii1 & its fl[]s w develop 9 summ]4 ,! extraord9>y size & beauty ( ! blossoms are suffici5t to comp5sate = _! comp>atively %ort duration aft] exp&+2 x is also int]e/+ to wat* ! gradual developm5t ( ! t9y1 hairy cone1 :i* is ! fir/ sign ( ! fl[]1 & :i* increases 9 l5g? & size at a surpris+ rate4 ,e4 ,p5tl&i 7,p5tl&'s72 ,fig4 #eb4--;,a pretty little species1 ) a globose /em #c 94 9 diamet]1 divid$ into ab\t a doz5 r\nd$ ridges1 :i* are undulat$ or brok5 up into irregul> tub]cles1 :5 ! ridges d n run p>allel ) ea* o!r4 ,ea* tub]cle is cr[n$ ) a tuft ( br[n1 bri/le-l sp9es1 94 or s long4 ,! fl[]s are l>ge 9 proportion to ! size ( ! plant1 ! tube be+ #d 94 long1 & trumpet-%ap$2 petals arrang$ 9 sev]al ov]lapp+ r[s & =m+ a cup #b 94 across1 ! l[e/ :orl turn+ d[nw>ds2 9 col\r1 !y are a brilliant r$1 ! /am5s :ite1 & ! /igmas yell[4 ,?ree or f\r fl[]s are (t5 exp&$ toge!r on ! same /em1 spr++ f ! side in/ead ( ! top ( ! plant4 ,native ( ,mexico 7872 introduc$ ab\t #ahdj4 ,!re are sev]al di/9ct se$l+ or hybrid =ms ( ?is species1 rem>kable 9 hav+ ! col\r ( _! fl[]s ei!r r$1 yell[ & :ite1 or :ite1 :il/ "s1 su* z ! "o kn[n z flammea1 h fl[]s only #b 94 long4 ,^! k9ds may all be gr[n 9 a sunny gre5h\se or w9d[1 z !y only require protection f fro/4 ,!y may be plac$ out ( doors 9 summ]1 & be kept "u glass only dur+ w9t]1 treatm5t :i* w result 9 bett] gr[? & m fl[]s ?an if ! plants 7 kept p]man5tly "u glass4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #eb4--;,,e*9opsis ,,p5tl&i4 ,e4 ,p4 longisp9us 7long-sp9$72 ,fig4 #ec4--,?is is a long-sp9$ =m1 & diff]s also 9 ! %ape ( ! /em1 :i* is oblong1 r ?an globose4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ec4--;,,e*9opsis ,,p5tl&i ,,longisp9us4 ,e4 tubiflorus 7tube-fl[]$74--,?is species has an orange-%ap$ /em1 ab\t #d 94 high1 & divid$ into ab\t twelve prom95t1 %>p-angl$ ridges1 along :i* are tufts ( blacki% sp9es1 94 long1 & set 9 little cu%ions ( :ite wool4 ,! fl[] spr+s f ! side ( ! /ems1 :]e x replaces a tuft ( sp9es1 &1 z 9 ,e4 ,eyriesii1 ! tube is rem>kably long1 :il/ ! size ( ! :ole fl[] mu* exce$s t ( ! re/ ( ! plant1 ! l5g? ( ! tube be+ ab\t #f 941 & ! wid? ( ! fl[] ov] #d 94 ,! petals are pure :ite1 recurv$1 display+ ! cr[n ( yell[ /am5s1 arrang$ 9 a r+ ab\t ! r small1 ray$ /igma4 ,! tube is uni=mly gre51 except t ! scale-l bracts are edg$ ) long1 blacki%1 silky hairs4 ,a native ( ,mexico2 introduc$ ab\t fifty ye>s ago1 :5 x 0 figur$ 9 ! ,botanical ,magaz9e & else:]e z a species ( ,e*9ocactus4 ,e4 tubiflorus may be plac$ along ) ,e4 ,eyriesii & ,e4 oxygonus1 z x requires simil> treatm5t4 ,! ?ree k9ds "h m5tion$ may be recomm5d$ z a trio ( v f9e-fl[]$1 small-/emm$ ,cacti1 :i* may be gr[n successfully 9 any ord9>y gre5h\se4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,! ,,g5us ,,melocactus4 7,f melon1 a melon1 & ,kaktos1 a "n appli$ by ,!ophra/us to a sp9y plant2 ! species are melon-=m$1 & _! angles are beset ) tufts ( sp9es47 ,?is g5us =ms a gr\p ( well-m>k$ & curi\s plants1 ) /ems simil> to ^? ( ! globose ,e*9ocactuses & floral *>act]s q di/9ct f all o!r g5]a4 ,!y _c be said to possess any p>ticul> beauty1 z _! /ems are /iff & dumpy1 _! sp9es l>ge & rigid1 & _! fl[]s small & unattractive4 ,b :at is want+ 9 beauty ( =m or col\r is aton$ = 9 ! cap :i* cr[ns ! /em1 & =ms ! fl[]-head1 gr[+ tall] & tall] :il/ ! /em rema9s /ation>y1 till1 "u fav\rable circum/ances1 a cyl9drical mass ( sp9es & hairs1 n unlike a l>ge bottle-bru%1 & #a ft4 or m 9 l5g?1 is develop$ be=e ! :ole plant succumbs to old age4 ,?is "* belongs m p>ticul>ly to ,m4 communis1 ! commone/ species1 & ! "o be/ kn[n 9 ,engli% g>d5s4 ,additional int]e/ atta*es to ?is species1 f ! fact ( its hav+ be5 ! fir/ ,cactus introduc$ into ,europe1 = we are in=m$ t 9 ! ye> #aeha liv+ plants ( ! ,melon ,cactus 7 kn[n 9 ,london4 ,fifty ye>s lat]1 ,g]>d1 ! ,adam ( ,engli% g>d5+1 wrote3 ,:o c b m>vel at ! c>e & s+ul> workman%ip %[n 9 ?is ,?i/le1 ! ,meloc>duus e*9atus1 or ,h$gehog ,?i/le8 ,x gr[e? ^u ! cliffes & gravelly gr\nds ne]e unto ! seaside 9 ! isl&s ( ! ,we/ ,indies1 call$ ,/4 ,m>g>et's & ,/4 ,john's ,isle1 ne]e unto ,pu]to ,rico1 & o!r places 9 ^! c\ntries1 by ! relation ( div]s t h j\rni$ into ^! p>ts :o h br\ght me ! plant itself ) 8 se$1 ! :i* w\ld n gr[ ill my g>d51 by reason ( ! coldnesse ( ! clymate4 ,aft] ?is1 ! plant appe>s to h be5 frequ5tly cultivat$ 9 g>d5s 9 ?is c\ntry1 & x has only be5 9 rec5t ye>s t ?is & simil> curiosities h almo/ disappe>$ f all except botanical collections4 ,! mo/ prom95t di/9ctive *>act]s ( ,melocactus reside 9 ! cap or clu/] ( sp9es1 wool1 & fl[]s on ! summit ( ! /em4 ,?irty species are includ$ 9 ! g5us1 _! /ems rang+ f #a ft4 to #c ft4 9 height1 ! ridges /raight1 &1 z a rule1 l>ge2 :il/ all h /iff /\t sp9es 9 clu/]s ab\t #a 94 ap>t4 ,! small fl[]s are succe$$ by bright r$1 *]ry-l b]ries1 conta9+ num]\s black1 %9+ se$s4 ,! di/ribution ( ! species is ov] ! hotte/ p>ts ( "s ( ! ,we/ ,indian ,isl&s & a few places 9 ,c5tral & ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,cultivation4--,! cultivation ( ! sev]al k9ds kn[n 9 g>d5s is z foll[s3 ,a tropical temp]ature all ! ye> r\nd1 ) z mu* sunlight z possible1 & a moi/ atmosph]e = ab\t ?ree mon?s dur+ summ]1 :5 gr[? is mo/ active4 ,v little soil is requir$1 z ! l>ge/ /ems h comp>atively few roots2 inde$1 import$ /ems h be5 kn[n to live1 & ev5 make gr[?1 ne>ly two ye>s )\t pu%+ a s+le root2 b1 ( c\rse1 ?is 0 abnormal1 & 0 no o!r ?an ! us+-up ( ! n\ri%m5t /or$ up 9 ! /em be=e x 0 remov$ f its native home4 ,m4 ,l\is de ,smet1 a well-kn[n ,gh5t nurs]yman1 :o gr[s a f9e collection ( ,cactuses1 /at$ t he _h kept ,m4 communis a long "t 9 robu/ heal? & gr[? by fe$+ x ) a v weak solution ( salt4 ,tri$ at ,kew1 ?is treatm5t did n appe> to make any p]ceptible diff]5ce2 b1 be>+ 9 m9d t ! ,turk's-,cap ,cactus is f\nd 9 great abundance )9 ! rea* ( sea spray1 9 "s ( ! ,we/ ,indian ,isl&s1 !re seems mu* reason 9 ,m4 de ,smet's treatm5t4 ,! same g5tleman in=m$ u t he _h a specim5 ( ?is ,cactus be>+ no less ?an ?irte5 heads4 ,!re is1 at ! "t ( writ+1 a specim5 at ,kew be>+ f\r f9e heads4 ,l>ge import$ plants are v r>ely1 e/abli%$2 & ev5 :5 e/abli%$1 !y d n ?rive long1 ow+ to ! fact t1 aft] ! cap has comm5c$ to =m1 no fur!r /em-gr[? is made4 ,"y plants gr[ v sl[ly1 a plant #c ft4 across tak+1 accord+ to ,sir ,w4 ,hook]1 f #bjj to #cjj ye>s to rea* t size4 ,x has be5 /at$ t graft+ is a good plan to adopt = ! ,melocactus1 ,mr4 ,f4 ,t4 ,palm]1 9 ,culture des ,cactes1 recomm5d+ ! foll[+ treatm5t = ,m4 communis3 ,take a ,c]eus p]uvianus ( ab\t ! same diamet] z t ( ! base ( ! ,melocactus1 cut (f ! head ( ! =m]1 b n s l[ z to come ^u ! h>d1 ligne\s axis1 & !n p>e (f ! h>d epid]mis & ribs = ab\t #a 94 ,!n take (f a slice f ! base ( ! ,melocactus1 also p>+ (f ab\t #a 94 ( ! epid]mis all r\nd2 place ! two toge!r1 & b9d on firmly ) /rong wor/$4 ,9 w>m wea!r1 a union %\ld take place 9 ab\t two mon?s1 b x w be safe/ to all[ ! ligature to rema9 till gr[? comm5ces4 ,! precaution ( p>+ (f ! h>d sk9 & ribs is absolutely necess>y1 z ! juicy c5tre contracts1 & ! r9d1 or epid]mis1 does n4 ,!re w\ld1 !re=e1 be a cavity =m$ suffici5t to prev5t all cohesion1 be ! graft ti$ on ev] s tightly4 ,l>ge import$ /ems %\ld be kept p]fectly dry = ab\t a =tnight1 &1 if !y %[ any signs ( rott5ness1 !y %\ld be c>efully exam9$ & ! bad portions cut away2 exposure to ! air = a few days w g5]ally cause ^! p>$ places to callus ov]4 ,at all times1 ev5 :5 ! /ems appe> to be 9 good heal?1 a %>p look-out %\ld be kept = pat*es ( rott5ness 9 ! /em1 & especially ab\t its base4 ,propagation4--,?is is effect$ by means ( se$s1 :i* usually foll[ quickly aft] ! fl[]s produc$ on cultivat$ specim5s4 ,multiplication is also possible by means ( (fsets1 :i* are =m$ ab\t ! base ( ! /em if ! top ( a gr[+ plant is cut out4 ,! ?irte5-head$ plant m5tion$ above 0 ! result ( ! removal ( ! top ( a /em :i* _h develop$ ^! lat]al gr[?s1 & ?us =m$ a family ( r$-capp$ /ems2 ?is _h1 h[ev]1 tak5 place be=e ! plant 0 remov$ f its native home4 ,z ! cap is ! mo/ rem>kable "p ( ,m4 communis1 ! pur*ase ( l>ge import$ /ems1 9 pref]5ce to "y ones rais$ f se$s1 is recomm5d$2 =1 z ! cap does n =m till ! /em atta9s a l>ge size1 !re w\ld be small hope ( se$l+s rea*+ ! fl[]+ /age dur+ a lifetime4 ,,species4 ,m4 communis 7common72 ,fig4 #ed4--,/em f #b ft4 to #c ft4 9 diamet]1 globose1 ) f twelve to tw5ty ridges1 & arm$ ) num]\s clu/]s ( /rong1 %ort sp9es1 ! clu/]s plac$ closely toge!r4 ,on ! summit ( ! /em is a cyl9drical cr[n1 ab\t #d 94 broad1 & v>y+ 9 height f #e 94 to #ab 94 ,?is cyl9d] is compos$ ( a ?ick pad ( :iti%1 cotton-l sub/ance1 ?r\gh & beyond :i* a great numb] ( bri/le-l r$ sp9es are develop$1 ! :ole be+ n unlike a bottle-bru%4 ,ab\t ! top ( ?is bru%-l gr[? ! fl[]s are produc$4 ,^! are small1 r$1 fle%y1 & tube-%ap$1 ! calyx & corolla =m+ a regul> fl[]1 z 9 a ,hyac9?4 ,!y are borne at v>i\s times 9 ! ye>1 z long z ! cap is gr[+2 aft]w>ds ! latt] falls (f2 & ! /em rots4 ,we h a cap t 0 ca/ by an old plant1 & :i* has /ood z an ornam5t on a %elf 9 a room = ab\t f\r ye>s1 & is /ill 9 p]fect condition4 ,9 addition to ! "n ( ,turk's-,cap ,cactus ?is plant is also kn[n z ,engli%man's ,head & ,pope's ,head4 ,x is a native ( sev]al ( ! isl&s ( ! ,we/ ,indies1 be+ v abundant 9 ,/4 ,kitt's ,isl&1 :]e x gr[s 9 v dry1 b>r5 places1 (t5 on b>e por\s rocks4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ed4 ,,melocactus ,,communis4 ,m4 depressus 7flatt5$72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #cfia4--,/em broad] ?an high1 deeply cut into ab\t t5 broad furr[s1 along ! %>p angles ( :i* are clu/]s ( pale br[n sp9es1 f 94 to #a 94 long1 arrang$ 9 a />1 ea* clu/] #a 94 ap>t4 ,in/ead ( ! cyl9d]-l cap ( ! ,turk's-,cap species1 ?is "o has a %ort1 broad tuft ( :ite wool & r$ sp9es1 l a skull-cap4 ,! fl[]s are small1 & soon )]1 b rema9 atta*$ to ! oblong b]ries1 :i* /& erect 9 a d5se clu/] 9 ! c5tre ( ! cap1 & are ( a delicate rose-col\r4 ,! fir/ introduc$ plant ( ?is 0 s5t home by ,mr4 ,g>dn]1 :o introduc$ ! ,epiphyllums & o!r ,cactuses4 ,x fl[]$ on ! way to ,engl&1 & matur$ its se$s soon aft] its arrival4 ,x is a native ( ,p]nambuco4 ,m4 ,miquelii 7,miquel's72 ,fig4 #ee4--,?is species appe>s to h be5 introduc$ 9 #ahch1 :5 two plants ( x 7 s5t f ! ,we/ ,indian ,isl&1 ,/4 ,croix1 to ! ,hamburg ,botanic ,g>d5s4 ,! /em is oval1 d>k gre51 ) f\rte5 well-def9$ ribs1 z regul> z if !y _h be5 c>v$ ) a knife4 ,! sp9e-tufts are small2 sp9es %ort1 black-br[n1 ab\t n9e 9 ea* tuft1 "o ( :i* is c5tral1 ! o!rs radiat+2 !y are less ?an 94 long4 ,! cap is cyl9drical1 #c 94 high by #d 94 9 diamet]1 & compos$ ( lay]s ( sn[-:ite ?reads1 mix$ ) %ort r$di% bri/les4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ee4 ,,melocactus ,,miquelii4 ,^! ?ree are ! only species ( ,melocactus t h become kn[n 9 ,engli% g>d5s1 al?\gh v>i\s o!r k9ds1 nam$ ,m4 ,lehmanni1 ,m4 ,zucc>9i1 ,m4 ,ellemeetii1 ,m4 ,s*lumb]g]ianus1 c41 occur 9 books4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,! ,,g5us ,,piloc]eus4 7,f pilos1 wool1 & ,c]eus1 9 allusion to ! long hairs on ! sp9e cu%ions1 & ! aff9ity ( ! g5us47 ,"o ( ! mo/ /rik+ plants 9 ?is ord] is ! ,old ,man ,cactus1 botanically kn[n z ,piloc]eus s5ilis1 :i* is ! only memb] ( ?is g5us t has become at all kn[n 9 ,engli% g>d5s4 ,9 ,cont95tal g>d5s1 h[ev]1 m ?an a doz5 species are to be f\nd 9 collections ( succul5t plants2 & ( ^! "o ( ! mo/ rem>kable is t repres5t$ at ,fig4 #ef4 ,! limits ( ! g5us ,piloc]eus are n def9itely fix$1 diff]5t botani/s hold+ diff]5t views ) respect to ! g5]ic *>act]s4 ,rec5t writ]s1 & among !m ! late ,mr4 ,b5?am1 sunk ! g5us "u ,c]eus2 b !re are suffici5tly good *>act]s to ju/ify u 9 reta9+1 = g>d5 purposes1 ! "n ,piloc]eus = ! sev]al di/9ct plants m5tion$ "h4 ,! botani/ :o f\nd$ ! g5us gives ! foll[+ g5]al description ( its memb]s3 ,/ems tall1 erect1 ?ick1 simple or bran*$1 fle%y1 ridg$2 ! ridges regul>1 slightly tub]cl$1 & plac$ closely toge!r4 ,tub]cles g5]ally hairy1 ) bun*es ( %ort sp9es2 ! hairs long & :ite1 especially ab\t ! apex ( ! /em1 :]e !y =m a d5se mass4 ,fl[]s on ! extreme top ( ! matur$ /ems1 & arrang$ 9 a clu/] z 9 ! ,melon ,cactus1 small1 tubul>2 ! petals unit$ at ! base1 & ! /am5s atta*$ to ! :ole face ( ! tube ?us =m$1 exp&+ only at night1 & fad+ 9 a few h\rs4 ,^! fl[]s h a disagreeable od\r1 n unlike t ( boil$ cabbage4 ,fruit fle%y1 r\nd1 p]si/5t1 usually r$ :5 ripe4 ,! species are natives ( tropical ,am]ica1 & are g5]ally f\nd 9 rocky gorges or ! /eep declivities ( m\nta9\s regions4 ,cultivation4--,^! plants require di/9ctly tropical treatm5t4 ,dur+ summ]1 !y mu/ h all ! sunlight possible1 & be suppli$ ) pl5ty ( wat]1 bo? at ! root & by means ( ! syr+e4 ,air %\ld be giv5 on v hot days1 b ! plants %\ld be enc\rag$ to make all ! gr[? possible be=e ! approa* ( w9t]4 ,9 w9t]1 !y may be kept q dry1 & ! temp]ature ( ! h\se :]e !y /& %\ld be ma9ta9$ at ab\t #fj degs41 ris+ to #fe degs4 or #gj degs4 9 ! day4 ,9 ,m>*1 ! plants %\ld be repott$ into z small pots z conv5i5t1 employ+ a good1 loamy soil & ample dra9age4 ,%\ld ! hairs become soil$ or du/y1 ! /ems may be laid on _! sides & !n syr+$ ) a mixture ( s(t soap & w>m wat]1 to be foll[$ by a few syr+efuls ( pure wat]2 ?is %\ld cleanse ! hairs & give !m ! :ite appe>ance to :i* ! plants owe _! attractiv5ess4 ,,species4 ,p4 ,h\lletianus 7,h\llet's72 ,fig4 #ef4--,/em robu/1 glauc\s-gre52 ridges ab\t eight1 broad1 prom95t1 obscurely tub]cl$2 sp9es 9 bundles ( n9e1 radiat+1 /raight1 less ?an #a 94 long1 & pale yell[4 ,^u ! gr[+ "p ( ! /em1 ! sp9es are int]m+l$ ) long1 :ite1 cottony hairs1 (t5 matt$ toge!r l an unkempt head2 ^! hairs fall (f z ! /em matures4 ,fl[]s funnel-%ap$1 resembl+ ,cant]bury ,bells1 borne 9 a clu/] on ! summit ( ! plant2 ov>y %ort & scaly2 petals jo9$ at ! base1 & col\r$ a rosy-purple1 da%$ ) yell[2 ! /am5s fill ! :ole ( ! fl[]-tube & are :ite2 /yle a little long] ?an ! fl[]-tube1 & be>+ a ray ( ab\t a doz5 /igmas4 ,fruit globose1 z l>ge z a plum1 & col\r$ *]ry-r$4 ,! pulp is bright1 crimson1 & conta9s a few br[ni% se$s4 ,9 ! engrav+ ! fruit is %[n on ! left1 & a fl[]-bud on ! "r4 ,?is species is (t5 kn[n 9 ,cont95tal collections z ,p4 ,fo/]ii4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ef4 ,,piloc]eus ,,h\lletianus4 ,p4 s5ilis 7,old-,man74--,/em atta9+ a height ( #be ft41 ) a diamet] ( ab\t #a ft42 ridges f tw5ty-five to ?irty on plants #d ft4 high2 ! furr[s m]e slits1 :il/ ! tufts ( ?91 /raight sp9es1 #a 94 long1 :i* cr[n ea* ( ! _m tub]cles into :i* ! ridges are divid$1 give "y /ems a bru%y appe>ance4 ,ab\t ! upp] portion ( ! /em1 & especially ^u ! extreme top1 are num]\s :ite1 wiry hairs1 #f 94 or m long1 & ga!r$ sometimes into locks4 ,to ?is "*1 ! plant owes x "n ,old-,man ,cactus2 b1 by a curi\s inv]sion ( :at obta9s 9 ! human k9d1 old plants are less conspicu\s by _! :ite hairs ?an ! y\ng] ones4 ,"s ye>s ago1 !re 7 ?ree f9e /ems ( ?is ,cactus among ! cultivat$ plants at ,kew1 ! highe/ ( :i* measur$ #ah ft4 ,!re 0 also1 h[ev]1 a f9e specim5 9 ! ,ox=d ,botanic ,g>d5s1 ) a /em #af ft4 high2 & x is /at$ t ?is plant has be5 9 cultivation 9 ,engl& a hundr$ ye>s at lea/4 ,a plant tw5ty-five ye>s old is v small1 &1 f its sl[ness ( gr[?1 z well z f ! reports ( ! inhabitants ( ,mexico1 :]e ?is species is f\nd wild1 !re is reason to believe t a /em #bj ft4 high w\ld be sev]al hundr$ ye>s old4 ,! fl[]s ( ,p4 s5ilis are n kn[n 9 ,engli% collections1 ! plant be+ gr[n only = its %aggy hair9ess4 ,o!r species are3 ,p4 *rysomallus1 :i* has a bran*+ habit1 ,p4 ,brnnonii 7,fig4 #eg71 ,p4 ,celsianus1 ,p4 columna1 ,p4 tilophorus1 kn[n only 9 a "y /ate1 & sev]al o!rs1 all v rem>kable plants1 b n kn[n 9 ,engli% collections1 unless1 p]haps at ,kew4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #eg4 ,,piloc]eus ,,br,,nnonii4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,! ,,g5us ,,mamill>ia4 7,f mamilla1 a little teat2 9 allusion to ! tub]cles47 ,some?+ ov] #cjj diff]5t k9ds ( ,mamill>ia are kn[n1 b only a small proportion ( ^! may be consid]$ z g>d5 plants4 ,!y are *>act]is$ g5]ally by %ort1 symmetrically-=m$ /ems1 sometimes aggregat$ toge!r & =m+ a d5se tuft1 b1 z a rule1 ea* plant has only "o /em4 ,! g5]ic "n is descriptive ( ! *ief feature 9 ^! /ems1 namely1 ! closely-set1 spirally-arrang$ tub]cles or mamillae1 :i* v>y consid]ably 9 ! diff]5t k9ds1 b are always pres5t 9 "s =m or o!r4 ,"s k9ds h /ems only #a 94 high by #b_/c 94 9 diamet]1 & ! tub]cles hidd5 f view by ! />-%ap$ cu%ions ( r$di% or :ite sp9es4 ,9 "s1 ! sp9es are erect & hair-l1 giv+ ! plant ! appe>ance ( t9y sea-ur*9s2 ano!r gr\p has ! pr9cipal sp9es hook$ at ! tip1 & ! po9ts 9 ^! s %>p t if ! h& comes 9 contact ) !m !y hook into x & /ick l fi%-hooks4 ,! purpose ( ^! hook$ sp9es seems d\btful2 c]ta9ly1 !y _c s]ve z any protection to ! plant itself1 z !y are s /rong t ! plant mu/ be torn up by ! roots be=e ! hooks w give way4 ,! sp9es 9 ,m4 macrom]is are /raight1 & measure #b 94 9 l5g?2 9 ,m4 multiceps !y are 9 two s]ies1 ! "o f9e1 :ite1 & %ort1 ! o!r yell[ & /\t4 ,! mo/ m>k$ section ( ?is g5us1 h[ev]1 is t repres5t$ by ,m4 fissurata 7,fig4 #fa71 9 :i* ! tub]cles are l>ge1 spread+ horizontally1 & angul>1 resembl+ mo/ closely ! foliage & habit ( "s ( ! ,hawor?ias4 ,no "o :o _h n read up ! botany ( ,mamill>ias w\ld suspect t ?is plant belong$ to !m1 or ev5 to ! ,cactus ord] at all4 ,!re is a good specim5 ( x 9 ! ,kew collection4 ,:5 9 fl[] ! family resemblance is easily se52 b z ?is species does n fl[] freely1 x w be kn[n by its rem>kable foliage-l tub]cles1 r ?an z a fl[]+ ,cactus4 ,& ! same rem>k applies to _m ( ! ,mamill>ias2 _! /ems ?ickly beset ) tub]cles & sp9es1 always regul> 9 arrangem5t1 & neat & attractive 9 appe>ance4 ,! foll[+ rem>ks made by ,dr4 ,l9dley :5 describ+ ,m4 t5uis1 give a good idea ( ! s+ul>1 yet pretty1 /ems ( "s ( ^! plants3 ,g5tle read]1 ha/ ?\ nev] se5 9 a display ( fireworks a cr[d ( :eels all 9 motion at once1 cross+ & int]sect+ ea* o!r 9 e direction2 & can/ ?\ fancy ^? :eels arre/$ 9 _! motion by "s magic p[]--_! rays reta9$1 b _! fires ext+ui%$ & _! brightness gone8 ,!n may/ ?\ conceive ! curi\s beauty ( ?is little h]b--a plant s unlike all o!rs t we w\ld fa9 believe x ! reanimat$ _s ( a race t fl\ri%$ 9 =m] ages1 ) ^? hide\s mon/]s ^: bones alone rema9 to tell ! hi/ory ( _! exi/5ce4 ,x is q true t 9 ! cultivat$ ,mamill>ias !re is no?+ unsightly1 or r\gh1 or unf9i%$4 ,)\t foliage1 _! /ems globose1 or %ort cyl9d]s1 or arrang$ 9 little cu%ion-l tufts1 & envelop$ 9 silky sp9es1 l t9y r$ />s1 always look+ ! same1 except :5 9 fl[]1 & nev] look+ 9 ! lea/ l ord9>y plants4 ,*>act]s su* z ^! ought to f9d _m admir]s4 ,9 ! ,succul5t ,h\se at ,kew1 !re is a long %elf ^u :i* a great _m plants ( ?is g5us may be se54 ,b ! fl[]s 9 "s ( ! species ( ,mamill>ia are q z attractive z ! /ems4 ,^? ( ,m4 macrom]is are #c 94 long & wide1 _! col\r a deep rose2 ,m4 ,s*e]ii has equally l>ge fl[]s1 & col\r$ bright yell[1 z also are ! fl[]s ( ,m4 pect9ata4 ,?is la/ is rem>kable on acc\nt ( ! clock-l regul>ity ) :i* its fl[]s exp&4 ,:ile fre%1 !y op5 e day betwe5 elev5 & twelve o'clock1 & close aga9 ab\t "o1 h[ev] /rong ! sunlight %9+ ^u !m may be4 ,"s ( ! k9ds 7m especially ! small-fl[]$ ones7 are (t5 prettily /udd$ ov] ) bright r$1 coral-l b]ries1 :i* are ! little fruits1 & conta91 z a rule1 matur$ se$s capable ( reproduc+ ! p>5t plant4 ,! headqu>t]s ( ! g5us ,mamill>ia is ,mexico1 & ! c\ntries imm$iately to ! nor?1 a few be+ scatt]$ ov] ! ,we/ ,indies1 ,bolivia1 ,brazil1 & ,*ili4 ,_m ( !m gr[ on m\nta9s :]e ! temp]ature is mod]ate1 b :]e ! sunlight is always int5se4 ,o!rs are f\nd on lime/one or gravelly hills1 among %ort h]bage1 or on grassy prairies4 ,a small silv]y-sp9$ k9d has rec5tly be5 f\nd ne> ! sn[ l9e 9 ,*ili4 ,m4 vivip>a is q h>dy 9 ,new ,york1 z also are sev]al o!r k9ds1 :il/ we le>n t by plant+ !m out 9 summ]1 & protect+ !m by means ( a frame f heavy ra91 dews1 fogs1 & sudd5 *anges ( wea!r1 a good _m species ( bo? ,mamill>ia & ,e*9ocactus are successfully manag$ 9 ! neighb\rhood ( t t[n4 ,cultivation4--,p>ticul>s ) respect to cultivation are giv5 along ) ! descriptions ( mo/ ( ! species1 b a few g5]al pr9ciples may "h be not$4 ,) only a few exceptions1 all ! cultivat$ ,mamill>ias may be gr[n 9 a w>m1 sunny gre5h\se1 or !y may be plac$ 9 a frame ) a s\? aspect1 dur+ our summ]1 remov+ !m into artificially heat$ qu>t]s = ! w9t]4 ,!y d n l a l>ge body ( soil ab\t _! roots1 b always ?rive be/ :5 9 comp>atively small pots4 ,if a sweet1 new1 fibry loam1 mix$ ) brok5 bricks or c9d]s1 be us$ to pot ^! plants 91 !y may !n be left undi/urb$ at ! root = sev]al ye>s4 ,mu* h>m is (t5 done to ! m delicate k9ds ( ,cactuses by repott+ !m annually2 ! be/-manag$ collection ,i h se5 _h n be5 repott$ = f\r ye>s4 ,?is w\ld n be safe if a poor & exhau/$ soil 7 us$ 9 ! fir/ in/ance4 ,! pots %\ld be well dra9$ ) crocks1 & ^! cov]$ ) a lay] ( fibre sift$ f loam4 ,9 summ]1 ! soil %\ld be kept moi/1 b nev] saturat$2 & aft] a bright w>m day1 ! /ems may be moi/5$ ov] by syr++ !m ) tepid wat]4 ,a po9t ( mu* importance 9 connection ) ^!1 & inde$ all tropical & extra-tropical plants1 is1 t ! wat] us$ = wat]+ or syr++ !m %\ld be ra9-wat] if possible1 & nev] m ?an a degree or s cold] ?an ! plants !mselves w\ld be4 ,?us1 a plant :i* _h be5 /&+ 9 ! full gl>e ( a midsumm] sun all day1 w\ld be mu* endang]$ by wat]+ x ) cold tap-wat]4 ,:]e prop] arrangem5ts = wat] are n made 9 a gre5h\se or /ove1 x is a good plan to place ! wat] want$ = ! day's use 9 ! sun along ) ! plants4 ,a little bag fill$ ) soot & tightly ti$ at ! neck1 & wat]1 is a good me?od = r5d]+ h>d tap-wat] suitable = wat]+ ! roots ( plants4 ,9 w9t]1 ,mamill>ias may be kept q dry at ! roots1 except 9 mild sunny wea!r1 :5 a little wat] may be giv54 ,a collection ( ! mo/ di/9ct k9ds may be successfully manag$ 9 a glass case 9 a room w9d[1 provid+ ! sun %9es ?r\gh x = a few h\rs 9 ! day4 ,propagation4--,?is is usually effect$ by means ( se$s1 :i* may be procur$ f ,cont95tal se$sm5 z well z f our own4 ,! treatm5t requir$ by ! se$s is simil> to :at has be5 already advis$ = ^? ( o!r ,cactuses4 ,! tuft$ k9ds are easily multipli$ by sep>at+ ! /ems1 or ev5 by cutt+ (f ! tops & plant+ !m 9 small pots ( s&y soil4 ,,species4 ,! foll[+ k9ds are select$ f ^? kn[n to be 9 cultivation2 ( c\rse1 x is out ( ! "q "h to enum]ate all ! species kn[n4 ,m4 angul>is 7angul>-tub]cl$74--,a robu/ k9d1 ) /ems #d 94 to #h 94 high1 & bran*+ some:at freely2 tub]cles prism-%ap$1 r ?ick at ! base1 & slightly angul>1 94 long1 _! tops tuft$ ) %ort :ite sp9es2 at ! base ( ! tub]cles are little tufts ( :ite wool4 ,fl[]s are only r>ely produc$ by cultivat$ plants2 !y are small1 tubul>1 rosy-purple1 ! /am5s yell[4 ,introduc$ f ,mexico 9 #ahce2 fl[]s 9 summ]4 ,:5 happily situat$1 x =ms a specim5 #a ft4 9 diamet]1 ow+ to its freely produc$ arm-l bran*es1 :i* spread out & curve upw>ds4 ,x requires a w>m gre5h\se temp]ature dur+ w9t]1 & exposure to bright sun%9e at all times4 ,m4 applanata 7flatt5$74--,9 ?is1 ! /em is broad] ?an high1 & has a squat appe>ance2 tub]cles 94 long1 cone-%ap$1 ) /ellate tufts ( /raight1 hair-l sp9es1 :ite :5 "y1 yell[i% :5 ag$4 ,fl[]s spr++ f ! outside ( ! /em-top1 :ite1 t+$ ) r$4 ,x is a native ( ,mexico1 & blossoms 9 summ]4 ,a specim51 #f 94 ?r\gh at ! base1 may be se5 at ,kew1 :]e x has be5 = _m ye>s1 )\t alt]+ p]ceptibly 9 size4 ,all ! l>g]-/emm$ ,mamill>ias are exce$+ly sl[ gr[]s aft] !y h rea*$ a c]ta9 size1 al?\gh1 9 ! se$l+ /age1 !y gr[ freely4 ,! treatm5t = ?is k9d %\ld resemble t advis$ = ! la/4 ,m4 atrata 7black5$74--,/em oval 9 %ape1 broad at ! base1 #d 94 high1 unbran*$2 tub]cles swoll51 94 long1 deep gre51 cone-%ap$1 becom+ flatt5$ ?r\gh pressure ( gr[?4 ,sp9es set 9 a tuft ( :ite hairs1 fall+ (f f ! l[e/ mammae1 z happ5s 9 _m ( ! ?ick-/emm$ k9ds4 ,fl[]s num]\s1 & develop$ all r\nd ! outside ( ! /em1 /alkless1 ne/l+ closely betwe5 ! tub]cles1 & :5 exp&$ look+ l />ry buttons ( a rosy-p9k col\r4 ,native ( ,*ili1 fl[]+ 9 autumn4 ,?is species is r>e 9 ,engl&1 b is wor? att5tion because ( ! prett9ess ( its fl[]s1 ! attractive =m ( its /em1 & its reput$ h>d9ess4 ,x w ?rive 9 a cold frame1 & requires protection f excessive wet only1 r ?an f cold4 ,gr[n 9 a w>m h\se1 x becomes sickly1 & is %ort-liv$4 ,m4 bicolor 7two-col\r$74--,"o ( ! commone/ ( ! ,cactuses gr[n 9 ,engli% g>d5s1 & "o ( ! mo/ di/9ct1 ow+ to its %ort1 silv]y hair-l sp9es1 ?ickly cr[d$ on ! ends ( ! small tub]cles1 completely hid+ ! /em f view4 ,! latt] is f #f 94 to #a ft4 high1 #c 94 9 diamet]1 cyl9drical1 (t5 bran*+ into sev]al ?ick arms1 :5 x has a qua9t appe>ance4 ,if kept free f du/1 :i* may be done by cov]+ ! plant ) a bell glass1 !re is mu* beauty 9 ! /em2 inde$1 x is ow+ to ?is1 r ?an z a fl[]+ ,cactus1 t ?is species f9ds fav\r z a g>d5 plant4 ,! fl[]s are less ?an #a 94 9 l5g? & wid?1 /ellate1 _! col\r deep purple2 !y are develop$ 9 ,june4 ,al?\gh a native ( elevat$ regions 9 ,mexico 7#djjj-ejjj ft471 ?is plant ?rives be/ :5 gr[n 9 a w>m h\se4 ,!re are sev]al h&some & v old specim5s ( x 9 ! tropical collection ( succul5ts at ,kew4 ,x is "o ( ! easie/ to manage1 & w ?rive 9 a w>m room-w9d[ if expos$ to bright sunlight & kept dry 9 w9t]4 ,m4 nivea & ,m4 nobilis are bo? v>ieties ( ?is species4 ,m4 *loran?a 7gre5i%-yell[74--,a newly-introduc$ species ) erect1 cyl9d]-%ap$ /ems1 #f 94 high1 clo!d ) num]\s tub]cles1 :i* are tipp$ ) clu/]s ( long1 silv]y1 int]lac+1 hair-l sp9es1 & a few /\t] blacki% ones4 ,! fl[]s are describ$ z gre5i%-yell[1 s t !y are n likely to add mu* to ! beauty ( ! plant1 :i* is recomm5d$ because ( ! attractiv5ess ( its /em & sp9es4 ,x is a native ( ,mexico & ,texas1 :5ce x 0 introduc$ "s two ye>s ago4 ,x requires cool-h\se treatm5t1 & %\ld be kept free f du/1 :i* disfigures ! :ite sp9es4 ,m4 cirrhif]a 7twi/$74--,l ,m4 bicolor1 ?is species owes its frequ5t occurr5ce 9 g>d5s to ! symmetry & neatly-*isell$ =m ( its /ems1 & n to any attraction possess$ by its fl[]s4 ,x w ?rive any:]e :]e ! sun c %9e ^u x1 if %elt]$ f sev]e cold & wet4 ,9 a cottage w9d[ x may be gr[n1 & kept = _m ye>s1 )\t los+ heal? or1 on ! o!r h&1 increas+ mu* 9 size4 ,its usual height is ab\t #e 941 by #d 94 9 diamet]4 ,! tub]cles are angul> at ! base1 & be> tufts ( yell[i% sp9es on _! po9t$ apices4 ,! fl[]s are small1 & bright rose-col\r$1 b only r>ely produc$ on cultivat$ plants4 ,introduc$ f ,mexico 9 #ahce4 ,m4 clava 7club-%ap$72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #dceh4--;,9 ! size ( its /em1 & ! l>ge1 brightly-col\r$ fl[]s x be>s1 ?is species may be comp>$ ) "s ( ! ,e*9ocactuses4 ,! /em is f #a ft4 to #a ft4 high1 #d 94 wide at ! base1 n>r[+ slightly upw>ds2 ! tub]cles are #a 94 long1 & ne>ly z mu* ?r\gh at ! base1 _! %ape t ( little pyramids1 & _! tips be> ea* f eight to elev5 /\t1 /raight sp9es1 pale br[n1 ) a little wool at ! base4 ,! fl[]s are borne on ! top ( ! /em1 two or ?ree ( !m toge!r2 ! sepals are gre5 & r$1 & ! spread+ petals are /raw-col\r$ & glossy1 _! edges ne> ! top be+ too!d4 ,9 ! c5tre ( ! %all[ cup =m$ by ! petals1 & :i* measures ne>ly #d 94 across1 ! orange-col\r$ /am5s are clu/]$1 9 a k9d ( disk1 ?r\gh ! middle ( :i* ! yell[ /igma projects4 ,x is a native ( ,mexico1 at an altitude ( #ejjj ft4 ,introduc$ 9 #ahdh1 :5 x fl[]$ at ,kew1 9 ,june1 at :i* "t x fl[]s almo/ e ye> n[4 ,a w>m gre5h\se af=ds ! mo/ suitable conditions = x2 b1 unless x is kept 9 full sun%9e bo? summ] & w9t]1 & p]fectly dry dur+ ! latt] season1 x w n produce any fl[]s4 ,z a fl[]+ plant1 x ranks among/ ! v be/ ( ! ,mamill>ias4 ,x is easily propagat$ f se$s rip5$ on cultivat$ plants4 ,m4 dasyacan?a 7?ick-sp9$74--,/em #b 94 to #c 94 high1 almo/ globul>1 & cov]$ ) spiral :orls ( t9y tub]cles1 9 ! grooves ( :i* is a little :iti% wool1 :i* falls away z ! tub]cles rip54 ,! sp9es ^u ! tub]cles are arrang$ 9 little />s1 ) an erect c5tral "o4 ,! fl[]s are small1 & spr+ f ! c5tre ( ! /em4 ,?is is "o ( ! ,?imble ,cactuses1 & is too small to h any great attractions1 ei!r 9 /em or fl[]s4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 a pretty plant1 especially :5 /udd$ ) its ruby-l fl[]s1 :i* look l col\r$ ,daisies gr[+ ^u a d5se tuft ( hairs4 ,x is a native ( ,mexico1 :]e x gr[s on high m\nta9s among %ort grass & o!r h]bage4 ,m4 discolor 7sp9es two-col\r$74--,/em globose1 ab\t #d 94 9 diamet]2 tub]cles smoo?1 egg-%ap$1 _! bases emb$d$ 9 :ite wool1 _! tips cr[n$ ) /ellate tufts ( %ort1 r$di% sp9es4 ,fl[]s num]\s1 & borne f almo/ all p>ts ( ! /em1 less ?an #a 94 wide1 & compos$ ( a s+le :orl ( n>r[1 reflex$1 rose-purple petals1 surr\nd+ a l>ge1 disk-l clu/] ( yell[ /am5s4 ,! fl[]s are s %ort t !y are half hidd5 by ! tub]cles4 ,x is a native ( ,mexico1 :]e x gr[s on rocks1 9 w>m1 %elt]$ places4 ,"u cultivation x ?rives :5 gr[n on a dry %elf 9 a w>m h\se1 & kept moi/ 9 summ]1 b p]fectly dry 9 w9t]4 ,m4 doli*oc5tra 7long-spurr$72 ,fig4 #eh4--;,app>5tly ?is is a v>iable species2 at all ev5ts1 plants ( widely diff]5t habit are f\nd "u ?is "n1 "o ( !m repres5t$ 9 ! ,figure "h1 ano!r 9 ! ,g>d51 ,vol4 ,,xvii41 :il/ o!rs are figur$ or describ$ 9 o!r books4 ,:at is kn[n at ,kew z ! true plant is t "h figur$4 ,?is has a /\t /em1 ab\t #h 94 high & #c 94 wide1 & cov]$ ) smoo? cone-%ap$ mammae1 ) woolly bases & /ellate tufts ( sp9es on _! tips4 ,! fl[]s are produc$ ab\t #a 94 f ! top ( ! /em1 & are less ?an #a 94 wide2 !y are1 h[ev]1 (t5 v num]\s1 sometimes a closely-set r+ ( !m surr\nd+ ! /em1 l a daisy *a91 _! col\r be+ pale purple4 ,bel[ ! fl[]s !re is (t5 a :orl ( club-%ap$ fruits1 94 long1 & rose-col\r$4 ,^! conta9 num]\s little black se$s1 :i*1 :5 ripe1 may be s[n 9 pots ( v s&y loam4 ,! plant is a native ( ,mexico1 & fl[]s 9 summ]4 ,x ?rives 9 a tropical temp]ature1 & enjoys a daily syr++ ov]head on bright days 9 summ]1 b 9 w9t] requires little or no wat]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #eh4 ,,mamill>ia ,,doli*oc5tra4 ,m4 e*9ata 7h$gehog-l74--,a *>m+ little plant1 ) v small /ems1 clu/]$ toge!r 9 a cu%ion-l tuft1 ea* /em less ?an #a 94 wide2 b a well-gr[n specim5 is compos$ ( doz5s ( ^!1 pack$ almo/ "o on top ( ! o!r4 ,! tub]cles are hidd5 by ! />-l sp9e clu/]s :i* cap !m1 & look l a sw>m ( insects4 ,fl[]s v small1 rose-col\r$1 & la/+ only ab\t a day4 ,^! are succe$$ by num]\s currant-l r$ b]ries1 s num]\s1 9 fact1 t ! plants look z if ?ickly /udd$ all ov] ) coral beads4 ,! c5tral /em is sometimes ab\t #f 94 high1 ^? surr\nd+ x be+ %ort] & %ort]1 till ! outside ones rise only j above ! soil4 ,a well-gr[n plant ( ?is is /rik+ly pretty1 ev5 :5 n 9 fruit4 ,x is a native ( ,mexico1 & requires ! treatm5t ( a w>m h\se4 ,a few pieces ( brok5 brick %\ld be plac$ ^u ! surface ( ! soil ab\t ! base ( ! plant1 z ! /ems l to press aga9/1 or gr[ ^u1 any?+ 9 ! nature ( rocky gr\nd4 ,m4 e*9us 7h$gehog-l72 ,fig4 #ei4--;,a di/9ct & pretty little plant1 ! l>ge/ specim5 hav+ a /em ab\t ! size & %ape ( a small h5's-egg1 completely hidd5 "u ! d5sely int]wov5 radial sp9es1 :i* cr[n ! ?irte5 spiral r[s ( tub]cles1 & are almo/ :ite :5 mature4 ,! tub]cles are 94 long1 &1 9 addition to ^! :ite radiat+ sp9es1 !y also be> ea* a /\t spike-l sp9e1 gr[+ f ! c5tre ( ! o!rs4 ,?is sp9e gives ! plant an appe>ance q di/9ct f all o!r cultivat$ ,mamill>ias4 ,! fl[]s are produc$ two or ?ree toge!r1 on ! top ( ! /em1 & !y are ne>ly #b 94 long1 cup-%ap$1 & col\r$ yell[2 !y usually appe> ab\t ,june4 ,z yet ?is species is r>e 9 cultivat$ collections4 ,x comes f ,mexico1 :]e x is f\nd gr[+ on lime/one hills1 9 hot & arid localities4 ,"u cultivation x requires a w>m gre5h\se temp]ature1 exposure to bright sun%9e all ! ye> r\nd1 ) a mod]ate supply ( wat] 9 summ]1 & none at all dur+ w9t]4 ,a few l>ge pieces ( brok5 brick or s&/one plac$ 9 ! soil1 j "u ! base ( ! /em1 af=d ! roots conditions suitable to _! heal?y gr[?4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ei4 ,,mamill>ia ,,e*9us4 ,m4 elegans 7elegant74--,a small species1 gr[n only = ! prett9ess ( its /em1 fl[]s r>ely1 if ev]1 be+ borne by x "u cultivation4 ,! /em is #b 94 high & wide1 globose1 ) small conical tub]cles1 :i*1 :5 "y1 are woolly at ! tips4 ,sp9es %ort & sl5d]1 ab\t tw5ty1 arrang$ 9 a /> on ea* tub]cle1 ) f\r c5tral ones a little long] ?an ^? :i* surr\nd !m2 ! col\r ( ! sp9es is :iti%1 ) br[n tips4 ,native c\ntry ,mexico1 on high expos$ hills2 9 ?is c\ntry x requires gre5h\se treatm5t4 ,introduc$ ab\t #ahej4 ,m4 elephantid5s 7elephant's-too?72 ,fig4 #fj4--,"o ( ! l>ge/ & mo/ rem>kable ( all g>d5 ,mamill>ias4 ,/em globose1 depress$1 #f 94 to #h 94 9 diamet]1 & bright %9+ gre54 ,tub]cles smoo?1 r\nd1 #a 94 long1 furr[$ across ! top1 :i* is at fir/ fill$ ) wool1 b :5 old is nak$4 ,at ! base ( ! tub]cles !re is a d5se tuft ( :ite wool1 & spr++ f ! furr[s are eight radiat+ recurv$ sp9es1 & ?ree %ort c5tral ones1 all /rong1 /iff1 & ivory-:ite1 tipp$ ) br[n4 ,! fl[]s are #c 94 wide1 & are compos$ ( a circle ( violet-col\r$ sepals1 ) :ite m>g9s1 & a second circle ( petals :i* are bright rose1 pale purple at ! base1 a l9e ( ! same col\r ext5d+ all d[n ! middle4 ,! /am5s are num]\s1 ) long purple filam5ts & yell[ an!rs1 & ! pi/il is /\t1 erect1 project+ above ! /am5s1 ) a radiat+ /igma4 ,fl[]s 9 autumn2 native c\ntry1 ,p>aguay4 ,"u cultivation1 x gr[s quick] ?an is usual ) plants ( ?is g5us1 & x is also exceptional 9 ! regul> & abundant production ( its fl[]s4 ,x has be5 a r>ity 9 ,european collections = _m ye>s1 &1 al?\gh easily gr[n1 x is (t5 kill$ ?r\gh wrong treatm5t4 ,a cool gre5h\se or sunny frame 9 summ]1 pl5ty ( wat] :il/ gr[? is active1 & a light1 well-dra9$ soil1 suit x be/2 :il/ dur+ w9t] x mu/ be kept p]fectly dry1 & protect$ only f fro/4 ,9 a tropical h\se1 x is inv>iably sickly1 & altoge!r unsatisfactory4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fj4 ,,mamill>ia ,,eliphantid5s4 ,m4 elongata 7elongat$74--,a small1 cu%ion-l k9d1 ) ! /ems 9 tufts1 ow+ to _! produc+ (fsets freely f ! base1 ! talle/ ( !m be+ ab\t z high & z ?ick z a man's ?umb4 ,! tub]cles are %ort1 cr[d$1 & hidd5 "u ! />-clu/]s ( r$di%-yell[ sp9es4 ,!re are no c5tral sp9es 9 ?is k9d4 ,! fl[]s are produc$ 9 ! axils ( ! tub]cles f all p>ts ( ! /em1 a l>ge tuft ( /ems be+ ?ickly /udd$ ) circles ( tawny yell[ petals1 :i* are only ab\t 94 long4 ,! b]ries are bright coral-r$1 & ab\t ! size ( a date /one4 ,!re are sev]al v>ieties ( ?is species1 "u ! names ( int]texta1 rufesc5s1 rutila1 subcrocea1 & sup]texta4 ,^! diff] only slightly ei!r 9 ! l5g? or ?ickness ( ! /ems or 9 ! col\r ( ! sp9es4 ,all ( !m may be gr[n 9 a cold frame1 or 9 a w9d[ :]e ! sun c %9e ^u !m2 or !y may be gr[n along ) tropical k9ds4 ,= small cases 9 w9d[s1 ^! little ,?imble ,cactuses are among/ ! mo/ suitable4 ,!y are natives ( high m\nta9s 9 ,mexico1 & h be5 cultivat$ 9 ,europe ov] =ty ye>s4 ,m4 fissurata 7fissur$72 ,fig4 #fa4--;,9 appe>ance1 ?is r>e species mimics "s ( ! ,ga/]ias1 & is s diff]5t f all ! k9ds hi!rto describ$1 t v few p unacqua9t$ ) x w\ld suspect t x belong$ to ! same g5us z ,m4 elongata or ,m4 doli*oc5tra4 ,inde$1 "s botani/s h made a sep>ate g5us ( ?is & sev]al o!r plants ( ! same peculi> appe>ance1 call+ !m ,anhalonium4 ,m4 fissurata is l a :ip-top 9 %ape1 ! root be+ ?ick & woody1 & ! tub]cles arrang$ 9 a ?ick lay]1 spread+ f ! c5tre1 rosette-l4 ,a liv+ plant 9 ! ,kew collection is #b 94 high by #d 94 wide1 ! tub]cles be+ triangul> 9 %ape1 94 ?ick1 wr9kl$1 ) an irregul> furr[ on ! upp] surface4 ,! fl[]s gr[ f ! middle ( ! /em1 & are #a 94 wide1 & rose-col\r$4 ,native ( ,mexico1 on h>d gravel or lime/one soils4 ,we "k ( no plant 9 ,engli% collections1 except t at ,kew1 :i* 0 introduc$ f ,mexico 9 #ahhf4 ,x fl[]s 9 ,septemb] & ,octob]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fa4 ,,mamill>ia ,,fissurata4 ,m4 floribunda 7free-fl[]+74--,a ,fr5* writ] on ,cactuses1 ,m4 ,lab\ret1 calls ?is a species ( ,e*9ocactus1 b x resembles s closely ano!r species includ$ by him 9 ,mamill>ia1 viz41 ,m4 atrata1 t we see no good reason = sep>at+ ! two into diff]5t g5]a4 ,m4 floribunda has an irregul> conical /em1 ab\t #e 94 high by #d 94 wide at ! base1 r\nd nut-l tub]cles ! size ( filb]ts1 cr[n$ ) />-tufts ( sp9es 94 long1 /iff1 & br[n1 ab\t t5 sp9es be+ set ) _! bases 9 a small disc-l pad ( dirty-:ite wool4 ,! fl[]s are v num]\s1 cov]+ ! :ole ( ! /em-top1 f :i* !y /& erect1 s z to =m a d5se b\quet ( rose-col\r$ petals4 ,ea* fl[] is #b 94 long4 ,native ( ,*ili2 introduc$ ab\t #ahce4 ,fl[]s 9 summ]4 ,?is h&some k9d w ?rive 9 a w9d[1 &1 if well suppli$ ) fre% air1 sun%9e1 & suffici5t wat] to keep ! soil moi/1 x w fl[] almo/ e ye>4 ,x mu/ h no wat] 9 w9t]4 ,m4 gracilis 7sl5d]74--,a small ,?imble ,cactus1 rem>kable = its prolif]\s /ems1 a s+le /em #b 94 high produc+ all r\nd its upp] half num]\s1 (f%oots1 :i* fall to ! gr\nd & gr[4 ,9 ?is way a tuft ( /ems is soon develop$ r\nd ! fir/ "o4 ,if ^! (f%oots are remov$ z !y appe>1 ! /em w gr[ long] & /\t] ?an x does :5 !y are left4 ,tub]cles small1 gre51 cr[d$2 sp9es 9 a /ellate tuft1 %ort1 curv$1 pale yell[ or :ite4 ,fl[]s z 9 ,m4 elongata1 to :i* ?is species is closely alli$4 ,9 w9d[ cases1 or on a %elf 9 a cool gre5h\se1 x w gr[ & multiply rapidly4 ,l ! bulk ( ! caespitose1 or ,?imble ,cactuses1 x does n make mu* %[ :5 9 fl[]2 & x is only its /ems1 ) _! :ite />s ( sp9es & clu/]s ( little (fsets hang+ ab\t !m1 t are attractive4 ,native ( ,mexico2 introduc$ ab\t #ahej4 ,!re is a v>iety kn[n z pul*ella1 9 :i* ! sp9es are ( a yell[ hue4 ,m4 ,grahami 7,graham's74--,a pretty little species1 ) globose /ems1 sc>cely #c 94 high1 & ne>ly ! same 9 diamet]1 bran*+ sometimes :5 old2 tub]cles 94 long1 egg-%ap$1 corky :5 old1 & p]si/5t4 ,sp9es 9 tufts ( ab\t tw5ty1 all radiat+ except "o 9 ! c5tre1 :i* is hook$2 !y are ab\t 94 long4 ,fl[]s #a 94 long1 usually produc$ 9 a circle r\nd ! /em4 ,fruit a small1 oval b]ry1 94 long4 ,?is is a native ( ,colorado1 9 m\nta9\s regions4 ,x is v r>e 9 cultivation4 ,! fl[]s are develop$ 9 ,june & ,july4 ,m4 ,haageana 7,haage's72 ,fig4 #fb4--,! habit ( ?is is %[n 9 ! ,figure1 :i* is r$uc$ to ab\t "o-f\r? ! natural size4 ,z ! /em gets old]1 x becomes m elongat$4 ,tub]cles small1 f\r-sid$ at ! base1 po9t$ at ! top1 :]e ! sp9es are arrang$ 9 a />1 ab\t tw5ty ( !m on ea* tub]cle1 ) two c5tral ones1 :i* are long]1 /iff]1 & mu* d>k] 9 col\r ?an ^? on ! outside2 fl[]s small1 almo/ hidd5 b5ea? ! sp9es1 bright c>m9e-rose2 !y are produc$ on ! sides ( ! upp] portion ( ! /em 9 ,june4 ,!re is a close resemblance betwe5 ?is & ,m4 cirrhif]a1 & ! treatm5t = bo? %\ld be ! same4 ,mexico1 #ahce4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fb4 ,,mamill>ia ,,haageana4 ,m4 longimamma 7long-tub]cl$72 ,fig4 #fc4--;,a well-m>k$ species 9 ! size ( its mammae1 or tub]cles1 :i* are at lea/ #a 94 long by #a_/c 94 9 diamet]1 t]ete1 slightly curv$1 & n>r[$ to a po9t$ apex1 ! texture be+ v s(t & wat]y4 ,ea* tub]cle be>s a radiat+ tuft ( ab\t twelve sp9es1 "o c5tral & project+ outw>ds2 !y are pale br[n :5 old1 & :ite :5 "y2 _! l5g? is ab\t 94 ,a tuft ( %ort1 :ite wool is develop$ at ! base ( ! sp9es on ! "y mammae4 ,! /em is seldom m ?an #d 94 9 height1 & x bran*es at ! base :5 old4 ,fl[]s l>ge & h&some1 citron-yell[2 ! tube %ort1 & hidd5 9 ! mammae2 ! petals #a 94 long1 n>r[1 po9t$1 & all direct$ upw>ds2 /am5s num]\s1 %ort4 ,fl[]+ season1 e>ly summ]4 ,native c\ntry1 ,mexico4 ,x requires gre5h\se treatm5t1 or x may be plac$ 9 a sunny frame out ( doors dur+ summ]4 ,x is n easily multipli$ f se$s1 b is free 9 ! production ( (fsets f ! base ( ! /em4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fc4 ,,mamill>ia ,,longimamma4 ,m4 macrom]is 7l>ge-fl[]$72 ,fig4 #fd4--,/em ab\t #d 94 high1 nak$ at ! base1 woody & wr9kl$ :5 old4 ,tub]cles z 9 ,m4 longimamma1 b ) curv+ radial sp9es1 l ne$les1 (t5 #b 94 9 l5g?1 :ite or rose-t9t$ :5 "y1 almo/ black :5 old4 ,fl[]s f ! c5tre ( ! /em1 #c 94 long1 & ab\t ! same 9 wid?2 ! petals regul> & spread+1 z 9 ! ,ox-eye daisy2 /am5s num]\s1 %ort1 =m+ a disk2 col\r c>m9e1 almo/ purple j be=e fad+4 ,fl[]+ season1 ,augu/4 ,native ( ,mexico1 :]e x is f\nd 9 loose1 s& on hillocks1 g5]ally ab\t ! roots ( ,acacias4 ,x is "o ( ! mo/ beautiful ( all ,mamill>ias2 b x is1 z yet1 r>e 9 collections4 ,x requires ! same treatm5t z ,m4 longimamma1 except t1 ow+ to ! woody nature ( its root/ock1 & its long1 tap-l roots1 x %\ld be plant$ 9 pans in/ead ( pots1 us+ a compo/ ( r\gh loam1 mix$ ) lumps ( brok5 brick or lime/one4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fd4 ,,mamill>ia ,,macrom]is4 ,m4 macro!le 7l>ge-nippl$72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #cfcd1 z ,m4 ,lehmanni4--,?is belongs to ! same gr\p z ,m4 cirrhif]a1 b is di/+ui%$ by its l>ge mammae1 :i* are f\r-angl$ at ! base1 94 long1 n>r[$ to a po9t1 ^u :i* is a tuft ( wool & a clu/] ( ab\t eight sp9es1 94 long1 spread+1 r$di%-br[n 9 col\r1 ! c5tral "o be+ almo/ black1 #a 94 long1 & po9t+ d[nw>ds4 ,9 ! axils ( ! mammae are tufts ( :ite wool4 ,fl[]s on ! top ( ! /]n1 erect1 spread+1 ab\t #a 94 across :5 exp&$2 ! petals ov]lapp+1 & pale yell[2 ! /am5s r$ at ! base1 arrang$ 9 a d5se clu/]1 & ! rays ( ! /igma spread+ ov] !m4 ,fl[]+ "t1 e>ly summ]4 ,native c\ntry1 ,mexico1 on prairie l&s1 at high elevations4 ,?is species is almo/ h>dy 9 ! w>m] p>ts ( ?is c\ntry1 suff]+ f damp r ?an fro/ 9 w9t]4 ,! /em is n p>ticul>ly h&some1 b ! fl[]s are l>ge & bright1 & !y are produc$ annually by plants :i* are gr[n 9 a cool1 well-air$ gre5h\se or frame1 ) ! sun %9+ on !m all day4 ,m4 microm]is 7small-fl[]$72 ,fig4 #fe4--;,a small1 cu%ion-l plant1 ) a /em nev] m ?an #a 94 across by ab\t #a 94 9 height1 s t x has ! appe>ance ( a small1 flatt5$ ball1 ) a rais$1 disk-l portion on ! top4 ,! mammae are v small1 & !y are completely hidd5 by ! num]\s f9e1 :ite1 silky sp9es & wool :i* spr+ 9 tufts f ! apex ( ea* mamma1 & int]lace s z to =m a spid]-web-l net all ov] ! /em4 ,! fl[]s are small1 & !y spr+ f ! c5tre ( ! disk-l top ( ! /]n2 !y are compos$ ( f ?ree to five sepals1 & five petals1 :i* are :iti% or p9k1 & measure ab\t 94 across :5 op54 ,native c\ntry1 ,mexico1 :]e x is f\nd only 9 nak$ places on m\nta9 tops or sides :]e lime/one is pl5tiful4 ,x requires mu* c>e "u cultivation1 wat] 9 excess be+ fatal to x1 & a soil ( ! wrong sort soon kill+ all its roots4 ,x is cultivat$ at ,kew 9 a small pot1 9 a mixture ( loam & lime rubbi%1 & gr[n 9 a w>m gre5h\se4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fe4 ,,mamill>ia ,,microm]is4 ,m4 multiceps 7_m-bran*$74--,/em %ort1 ) num]\s bran*es1 :i* aga9 pu% =? o!r bran*es1 s t a d5se tuft ( dumpy1 globose /ems is =m$4 ,! mammae are small1 & arrang$ closely toge!r1 & !y ea* be> a tuft ( :iti% wool1 ) a radiat+ clu/] ( sp9es1 :i* are s(t1 almo/ hair-l 9 texture1 ! inn] ones be+ /iff]1 & col\r$ dull yell[4 ,! fl[]s are small1 & almo/ hidd5 by ! sp9es & tub]cles2 !y are pale yell[1 ) a l9e ( r$ d[n ! middle ( ea* petal4 ,native c\ntry1 ,mexico4 ,?is plant %\ld be gr[n on a %elf 9 a cool gre5h\se--any?+ l a /ove temp]ature be+ fatal to x4 ,z a fl[]+ plant x is ( no value1 b ! compact tuft =m$ by its num]\s /ems1 ) _! attractive sp9es1 r5d]s x wor?y ( cultivation4 ,m4 ,neumanniana 7,neumann's74--,?is is a memb] ( ! gr\p ) angul> tub]cles & comp>atively small fl[]s4 ,x has a /em ab\t #f 94 high1 cyl9drical1 ! tub]cles arrang$ spirally1 _! bases compress$1 f\r or five-angl$1 & ) a tuft ( :ite wool 9 _! axils4 ,! areoles or tufts on ! tops ( ! mammae are l>ge1 & ! sp9es are ab\t sev5 9 numb]1 94 long1 & ( a tawny-yell[ col\r4 ,! fl[]s are produc$ ne> ! top ( ! /em2 !y are ab\t 94 long1 & rose-r$ 9 col\r4 ,native c\ntry1 ,mexico4 ,x requires ! same treatm5t z ,m4 cirrhif]a4 ,m4 ,ottonis 7,ottoni's72 ,fig4 #ff4--;,a v di/9ct & pretty plant is cultivat$ "u ! "n at ,kew2 b !re are1 app>5tly1 two diff]5t species "u ! same "n--! "o be+ sp9y & l>ge 9 ! /em2 ! o!r1 :i* is "h %[n1 hav+ a small1 compress$ /em1 #c 94 across1 num]\s compress$ tub]cles1 & %ort1 hair-l sp9es4 ,! fl[]s1 :i* are l>ge = ! size ( ! plant1 are :ite1 & are develop$ 9 ,may & ,june4 ,native c\ntry1 ,mexico2 introduc$ 9 #ahcd4 ,x requires simil> treatm5t to ,m4 microm]is4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ff4 ,,mamill>ia ,,ottonis4 ,m4 pect9ata 7comb-l72 ,fig4 #fg4--,/ems globose1 f #b 94 to #c 94 9 diamet]2 ! root/ock woody2 ! tub]cles arrang$ 9 ab\t ?irte5 spiral r[s1 swoll5 at ! base1 & be>+ ea* a />-l tuft ( ab\t tw5ty-f\r /iff1 br[n1 radial sp9es1 )\t a c5tral "o2 ! l5g? v>ies f 94 to #a 941 & !y are comb-l 9 _! regul> arrangem5t4 ,:5 n 9 fl[]1 ?is species be>s a close resemblance to small plants ( ,c]eus pect9atus4 ,fl[]s t]m9al1 solit>y1 l>ge1 _! wid? q #c 94 :5 fully exp&$2 sepals r$di%-gre52 petals ri* sulphur-yell[2 filam5ts r$di%1 v num]\s2 ! fl[]s op5 at noon1 & close aft] ab\t two h\rs1 ev5 al?\gh ! sun be %9+ full ^u !m4 ,fl[]+ season1 ,june to ,augu/4 ,native c\ntry1 ,mexico1 on slopes ( lime/one hills4 ,al?\gh long s9ce kn[n to botani/s1 ?is pretty species has only lately f\nd its way into ,engli% g>d5s4 ,x is attractive ev5 :5 n 9 fl[]4 ,x requires w>m gre5h\se treatm5t1 ) exposure to full sun%9e2 dur+ late autumn x %\ld h pl5ty ( air to rip5 ! new gr[? made :il/ fl[]+4 ,9 w9t] x %\ld h a dry position ne> ! glass4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fg4 ,,mamill>ia ,,pect9ata4 ,m4 phellosp]ma 7corky-se$$74--,a pretty plant1 resembl+ ,m4 ,grahami 9 all po9ts except ! se$1 :i*1 z is d5ot$ by ! "n1 is half envelop$ 9 a corky cov]+1 sugge/+ acorns4 ,/ems simple1 sometimes prolif]\s at ! base1 globose :5 "y1 aft]w>ds almo/ cyl9d] or pe>-%ap$1 #e 94 high1 #b 94 9 diamet]2 tub]cles 94 long1 arrang$ 9 twelve spiral r[s1 slightly woolly 9 axils4 ,sp9es radiat+1 9 two r[s1 ab\t fifty on ea* tub]cle1 ! ?ree or f\r c5tral ones be+ hook$ at ! tips or sometimes /raight2 l5g?1 94 to #a 94 ,fl[]s 7only se5 9 ! dri$ /ate7 #a 94 long & wide4 ,native ( ! dry gravelly hills & s& ridges 9 ,cali=nia & ,colorado1 &1 !re=e1 requir+ gre5h\se treatm5t4 ,?is plant is cultivat$ 9 ! ,kew collection1 b x has n be5 kn[n to fl[] !re4 ,x is "o ( ! mo/ ornam5tal ( ! v sp9\s species1 ! radial sp9es be+ almo/ :ite1 :il/ ! c5tral ones are black1 & look l t9y fi%-hooks4 ,a l>ge proportion ( ^! ,mamill>ias are f> m int]e/+ 9 ! =m & arrangem5t ( _! tub]cles & sp9es ?an 9 any floral "*1 & x is on ?is acc\nt t s _m :i* are insignificant z fl[]+ plants are includ$ "h4 ,m4 pul*ra 7h&some74--,/em globose :5 "y & cyl9drical :5 old1 flatt5$ at ! top2 height f #d 94 to #f 942 tub]cles l>ge1 egg-%ap$1 arrang$ 9 f elev5 to ?irte5 spiral r[s2 sp9es 9 compact tufts1 _! bases set 9 :iti% wool1 irregul> 9 l5g?1 & almo/ cov]+ ! :ole ( ! /em4 ,fl[]s m$ium 9 size1 develop$ ne> ! top ( ! /em f ! woolly axils ( ! tub]cles2 col\r bright rose4 ,native ( ,mexico4 ,fl[]+ season1 ,june4 ,introduc$ 9 #ahbf4 ,a r>e k9d n[adays1 ?\gh "o ( ! prettie/4 ,x %\ld always be gr[n 9 a w>m h\se4 ,x has be5 also call$ ,m4 pul*]rima4 ,m4 pusilla 7small74--,a t9y tuft$ plant1 belong+ to ! gr\p kn[n z ,?imble ,cactuses4 ,x has /ems #b 94 high2 %ort1 d>k gre5 tub]cles1 ) tufts ( :iti% wool 9 ! axils2 sp9es ?9 & bri/le-l1 twi/$1 ne>ly #a 94 long1 almo/ hid+ ! /em2 !y are :iti%1 ) black tips4 ,! fl[]s are yell[i%-:ite1 ) /reaks ( r$4 ,common 9 ,mexico4 ,fl[]+ season1 ,may4 ,x %\ld be gr[n 9 a frame 9 summ]1 & w9t]$ on a %elf 9 a w>m gre5h\se4 ,x w\ld1 no d\bt1 ?rive 9 a w9d[ if kept 9 a sunny position & plac$ "u a glass %ade4 ,a v>iety kn[n z texana diff]s 9 be+ m d5sely clo!d ) sp9es4 ,we h se5 x gr[n into l>ge clumps1 cov]+ a space #a ft4 9 diamet]1 ) doz5s ( erect little pyramids ( :iti% sp9es4 ,m4 pycnacan?a 7d5sely sp9$72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #cigb4--,! "n = ?is k9d is r mislead+1 ! sp9es be+ bo? few] & less conspicu\s ?an 9 _m o!r species ( ,mamill>ia4 ,/em ab\t #f 94 high1 ne>ly globose2 tub]cles--r l>ge1 swoll51 ) tufts ( %ort :ite wool 9 _! axils1 & /ellate clu/]s ( sp9es spr++ f disks ( :ite wool on ! top4 ,! sp9es are 94 long1 slightly recurv$1 flatt5$1 & pale br[n4 ,fl[]s l>ge1 clu/]$ on ! top ( ! /em1 ab\t half a doz5 op5+ toge!r2 wid? #b 942 petals num]\s1 n>r[1 too!d at ! tips1 spread+2 col\r a deep sulphur-yell[1 an!rs orange4 ,native ( ,oaxaca1 ,mexico4 ,fl[]+ season1 ,july4 ,introduc$ #ahdj4 ,?is is a beautiful fl[]+ plant1 m l an ,e*9ocactus ?an a ,mamill>ia4 ,x %\ld be gr[n 9 a w>m gre5h\se all ! ye> r\nd4 ,old /ems develop (fsets f ! base1 by :i* ! species may be multipli$4 ,m4 sangu9ea 7bloody72 ,fig4 #fh4--,?is is closely relat$ to ,m4 bicolor1 b diff]s 9 hav+ an unbran*$ /em & num]\s ri*ly-col\r$ fl[]s4 ,! /em is /\t1 #f 94 high1 & #d 94 ?r\gh2 tub]cles cr[d$1 %ort1 be>+ /ellate tufts ( %orti% sp9es1 & project+ long] ones1 all be+ bri/ly & pale yell[1 except ^? on ! y\nge/ tub]cles1 :i* are gold54 ,! fl[]s are borne 9 a cr[d$ circle on ! top ( ! /em1 j outside ! clu/] ( "y yell[ sp9es1 a /rong plant hav+ ab\t =ty fl[]s op5 toge!r4 ,ea* fl[] is ab\t 94 long & wide1 & col\r$ bright crimson1 ) yell[ an!rs4 ,native ( ,mexico4 ,fl[]s 9 ,june4 ,x %\ld be gr[n along ) ,m4 bicolor4 ,! plant figur$ is a "y "o1 %[+ ! sp9es mu* long] ?an is usual on mature specim5s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fh4 ,,mamill>ia ,,sangu9ea4 ,m4 ,s*e]ii 7,s*e]'s74--,/em #g 94 high1 & #e 94 9 diamet] at ! base2 tub]cles l>ge1 swoll51 some:at flatt5$1 pale gre51 wat]y1 woolly 9 ! axils1 ! tops cr[n$ ) ab\t a doz5 br[n sp9es1 #a 94 long1 "o c5tral1 ! o!rs radial4 ,fl[]s t]m9al1 erect1 ) sev]al :orls ( spread+1 recurv$ petals1 ! l[] ones t+$ ) crimson1 ! upp] pale yell[1 & =m+ a %all[ cup1 #b 94 across2 an!rs =m+ a compact %eaf 9 ! c5tre4 ,fl[]s 9 summ]4 ,?is di/9ct & v pretty species 0 introduc$ _m ye>s ago f ,mexico1 :]e x 0 discov]$ 9 #ahde by a ,mr4 ,potts1 to ^: love = ^! plants we are indebt$ = a great _m *oice k9ds collect$ & s5t to ,engl& by him4 ,x gr[s naturally 9 a r$1 s&y loam1 & "u cultivation requires w>m-h\se treatm5t1 except dur+ ! autumn1 :5 x may be plac$ 9 a frame & expos$ to full sun%9e & pl5ty ( air4 ,m4 ,s*elhasii 7,s*elhas'74--,a pretty little tuft$ k9d1 its habit & size be+ %[n 9 ,fig4 #fi4 ,! /em produces (fsets freely at ! base1 :i* gr[ into full-siz$ /ems1 & develop "y ones1 till a compact cu%ion is =m$4 ,tub]cles closely arrang$1 cyl9drical1 %9+ gre51 ) fifte5 to tw5ty radial1 :ite1 hair-l sp9es1 94 long1 & ?ree inn] ones1 :i* are ?ick]1 purpli% 9 col\r1 usually only "o be+ hook$4 ,fl[]s :ite1 ) a l9e ( rose d[n ! middle ( ea* petal1 94 across4 ,fl[]+ season1 beg9n+ ( summ]4 ,native ( ,mexico4 ,x may be gr[n out ( doors 9 a sunny position 9 summ]1 & w9t]$ on a %elf 9 a gre5h\se4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fi4 ,,mamill>ia ,,s*elhasii4 ,m4 ,s*i$eana 7,s*i$e's74--,/em globose1 #c 94 to #e 94 high1 ?ickly clo!d ) long1 n>r[1 po9t$ tub]cles1 ! bases ( :i* are set 9 :ite wool1 :il/ ! apices are cr[n$ ) t9y />s ( :ite silky sp9es2 m l ! pappus ( a ,composite ?an ! sp9es usually f\nd on ,cactuses4 ,a heal?y plant has a v pretty & silky appe>ance :i* _c well be describ$4 ,! fl[]s are small & unattractive2 !y are succe$$ by ! r$ fruits1 :i* rema9 on ! plant a long "t1 & add to its beauty4 ,native c\ntry1 ,mexico4 ,introduc$ #ahch4 ,%\ld be gr[n 9 a gre5h\se :]e fro/ is exclud$1 & :]e !re is pl5ty ( sunlight at all times4 ,x is easily increas$1 ei!r f se$s or by means ( ! (fsets develop$ at ! base ( old /ems4 ,m4 semp]viva 7ev]-liv+72 ,fig4 #gj4--,/em pe>-%ap$1 #c 94 wide1 ! top slightly depress$4 ,tub]cles conical1 94 long1 _! bases set 9 a cu%ion ( :ite wool1 _! tips be>+ t9y tufts ( wool1 & f\r small sp9es1 :i* fall away on ! tub]cles becom+ ripe1 leav+ two %ort1 div]g+1 c5tral sp9es4 ,fl[]s small1 n ornam5tal1 & scantily develop$ ne> ! outside ( ! top4 ,native ( ,mexico2 9 mead[s & ?ickets ne> ,zimapan1 at #ejjj ft4 elevation4 ,x ?rives ) u :5 gr[n 9 a frame 9 summ]1 & w9t]$ 9 a cool gre5h\se or frame4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gj4 ,,mamill>ia ,,semp]viva4 ,m4 s5ilis 7ho>y74--,/em ab\t #c 94 high1 sph]ical1 unbran*$1 except :5 v old1 :5 x becomes prolif]\s at ! base2 tub]cles cr[d$1 small1 arrang$ spirally1 & cr[n$ ) clu/]s ( long1 radiat+ sp9es1 :i* are almo/ :ite1 hair-l1 & become ?ickly int]wov51 z 9 ! ,old ,man ,cactus 7,piloc]eus s5ilis74 ,! c5tral sp9e is black1 & hook$ at ! tip4 ,fl[]s on ! top ( ! /em1 ne> ! c5tre2 ! petals too!d1 spread+1 & =m+ a deep cup1 ) a clu/] ( tall /am5s /&+ erect 9 ! middle2 col\r bright sc>let4 ,! fl[]s1 :i* appe> 9 summ]1 rema9 op5 ab\t eight h\rs4 ,native c\ntry unkn[n2 cultivat$ 9 ,france 9 #ahde4 ,?is plant is difficult to pres]ve 9 heal?1 ! be/ me?od be+ t ( graft+ x on to a %ort ,c]eus1 or a robu/ k9d ( ,mamill>ia1 su* z ,m4 cirrhif]a4 ,x is a pretty plant at all times1 ev5 :5 dead1 = we h se5 plants ( x pres]ve ! appe>ance ( live specim5s long aft] !y h rott$ & dri$ up 9 ! c5tre1 no?+ rema9+ b ! %ell =m$ by ! sk9 & silv]y sp9es4 ,!re is a close resemblance betwe5 ?is species & ,m4 ,grahami4 ,m4 /ella-aurata 7gold5 />74--,?is little plant obta9s its "n f ! ri* gold5-yell[ ( its /ellate clu/]s ( sp9es1 :i* are arrang$ ?ickly on ! tips ( ! small1 po9t$ tub]cles4 ,x belongs to ! gr\p call$ ,?imble ,cactuses1 ( :i* x is "o ( ! prettie/4 ,! /ems are tuft$1 bran*+ freely at ! base1 & ris+ to a height ( ab\t #b 94 ,fl[]s small1 :iti%1 & mu* less ornam5tal ?an ! b]ry-l fruits :i* succe$ !m1 & :i* are egg-%ap$1 94 long1 & a deep rose-col\r4 ,m4 t5uis is a v>iety ( ?is1 ) almo/ :ite sp9es4 ,native ( ,mexico4 ,introduc$ #ahce4 ,may be cultivat$ "u a bell-glass 9 a room w9d[1 ! only dang] be+ damp dur+ w9t]1 :i* mu/ be c>efully avoid$4 ,m4 sub-polyh$ra 7usually _m-sid$72 ,fig4 #ga4--,/em simple till x becomes old1 :5 x develops (fsets at ! base1 broadly cyl9drical1 #h 94 high1 #e 94 9 diamet]4 ,tub]cles f\r-sid$ at base1 prism-%ap$1 be>+ pads ( :ite wool 9 ! corn]s at ! base1 & cr[n$ ) tufts ( f f\r to sev5 sp9es1 usually all radial1 sometimes "o c5tral4 ,! fl[]s1 :i* usually appe> 9 ,may1 are arrang$ 9 a zone on ! top ( ! old /ems2 sepals gre5i%-yell[1 petals bright r$4 ,fruit #a 94 long1 pe>-%ap$1 sc>let4 ,native ( ,s\? ,mexico1 at high elevations4 ,x may be gr[n outside 9 summ]1 & w9t]$ 9 a heat$ gre5h\se or frame4 ,?is is a s+ul>-look+ plant1 ! tub]cles hav+ an appe>ance sugge/ive ( c>v+4 ,x is a sl[ gr[]1 & requires c>eful att5tion 9 w9t]1 :5 sometimes ! roots all p]i% & ! base ( ! /em rots4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ga4 ,,mamill>ia ,,sub-,,polyh$ra4 ,m4 sulcolanata 7woolly-groov$72 ,fig4 #gb4--,/em simple :5 "y1 prolif]\s at ! sides :5 old1 ! "y plants develop+ f ! apices ( ! tub]cles1 & n 9 ! axils1 z is usual4 ,! tub]cles are nut-%ap$1 l>ge1 ! bases surr\nd$ by :ite wool1 ! po9ts be>+ eight to t5 rigid1 br[n sp9es1 all radiat+ f a little pad ( wool4 ,fl[]s l>ge1 ne>ly #b 94 across1 bright yell[1 poppy-sc5t$1 ! spread ( ! petals sugge/+ ,p>is ,daisies2 !y are freely develop$ on ! apex ( ! /em 9 ,june1 & on till ,augu/4 ,fruit egg-%ap$1 glauc\s-gre54 ,native c\ntry1 ,s\? ,mexico2 introduc$ #ahcf4 ,?is *>m+ little plant %\ld be gr[n 9 a frame expos$ to full sun%9e all summ]1 & remov$ to a %elf 9 a w>m gre5h\se 9 w9t]4 ,) su* treatm5t x gr[s & fl[]s freely4 ,graft$ on to a ,c]eus or ,opuntia x is heal?i] ?an :5 on its own roots4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gb4 ,,mamill>ia ,,sulcolanata4 ,m4 tetracan?a 7f\r-sp9$72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #djfj4--,/em ! size & %ape ( an o/ri*'s egg1 ?ickly /udd$ ) small1 conical tub]cles1 woolly at ! base1 ! apices be>+ ea* f\r spread+ sp9es1 94 long1 r /\t1 /raight1 br[n :5 "y1 becom+ almo/ :ite ) age4 ,fl[]s num]\s1 small1 arrang$ z 9 ,m4 sangu9ea1 to :i* & ,m4 cirrhif]a ?is species is closely relat$4 ,!y are bright rose 9 col\r1 ) orange-yell[ an!rs1 & are develop$ 9 ,july4 ,native ( ,mexico4 ,requires ! same treatm5t z ,m4 cirrhif]a4 ,m4 tub]culosa 7tub]cl$74--,?is is a v pretty & di/9ct plant1 ( rec5t introduction1 & easily cultivat$4 ,x has a c5tral /em1 #f 94 high by #b 94 9 diamet]1 conical 9 %ape1 & surr\nd$ at ! base by globose bran*es or (fsets4 ,! tub]cles are closely set 9 num]\s spiral r[s1 & are 94 long1 r n>r[1 po9t$1 ) a cr[n ( radial sp9es1 v sl5d]1 hair-l1 :ite1 & 94 long2 c5tral sp9es ?ree or f\r1 94 long4 ,at ! base ( ea* tub]cle is a pea-l tuft ( :ite wool4 ,9 ?is k9d ! sp9es fall f ! old tub]cles1 :i* are p]si/5t1 gradually h>d5+ to a cork-l sub/ance4 ,! fl[]s are produc$ 9 ! apex ( ! /em1 & are #a 94 long & wide1 daisy-l1 pale purple 9 col\r2 !y are succe$$ by r$1 oval b]ries1 :i* are z pretty z ! fl[]s4 ,ab\t five fl[]s are develop$ on ea* /em annually--,may & ,june4 ,native ( ,mexico1 9 ! m\nta9s4 ,x ?rives :5 gr[n 9 an ord9>y gre5h\se1 on a %elf1 9 full sun%9e4 ,m4 turb9ata 7top-%ap$72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #cihd4--,/em globose1 depress$ at top1 ab\t #c 94 9 diamet]1 pale glauc\s-gre52 tub]cles quadrangul>1 flatt5$ at ! apex1 & be>+1 :5 "y1 f ?ree to five erect1 sl5d]1 hair-l sp9es1 :i* fall (f soon aft] ! tub]cles rip51 expos+ little depressions or umbilica1 & giv+ ! /em a bald1 pudd+-l appe>ance1 q di/9ct f any o!r k9d4 ,fl[]s f ! c5tre ( ! /em1 %ort1 ab\t #a 94 across1 pale yell[1 ) a r$di% t9t outside2 an!rs yell[4 ,two or ?ree fl[]s are usually exp&$ toge!r 9 ! mon? ( ,june4 ,native c\ntry1 ,mexico4 ,m4 unc9ata 7hook$74--,/em globose1 simple1 ab\t #d 94 9 diamet]2 tub]cles closely press$ aga9/ ea* o!r at ! base1 :]e !y are f\r-angl$2 9 l5g? !y are 941 & !y are blue-gre5 9 col\r4 ,apex be>+ f\r %ort sp9es1 arrang$ crosswise1 & 94 long2 c5tral sp9e slightly long]1 yell[1 & hook$4 ,! fl[]s are #a 94 long & wide1 erect1 ! tube hidd5 by ! "y mammae1 among/ :i* !y appe> 9 ,may & ,june2 !y are purple 9 col\r1 a l9e ( deep] t9t runn+ d[n ! middle ( ea* petal4 ,l all ! k9ds ) %ort1 angul> tub]cles1 ?is species is easily manag$1 fl[]s freely & pr(usely1 & always rip5s se$s4 ,native ( ,mexico4 ,x may be gr[n 9 a frame1 or ev5 out ( doors1 all ?r\gh ! summ]1 remov+ x to a gre5h\se = ! w9t]4 ,m4 vetula 7old74--,"o ( ! small ,?imble ,cactuses1 its /ems seldom exce$+ #c 94 9 height by #a 94 9 diamet]4 ,tub]cles 94 long1 conical1 ) a radial cr[n ( f9e1 hair-l yell[ sp9es1 94 long1 & a solit>y c5tral sp9e1 94 9 l5g?1 & col\r$ r$4 ,fl[]s t]m9al1 j peep+ above ! tub]cles2 sepals & petals acute1 yell[1 94 long2 an!rs yell[2 /igma :ite4 ,an old g>d5 plant1 introduc$ f ,mexico4 ,x fl[]s 9 ,may & ,june4 ,= its cultivation x may be treat$ z recomm5d$ = ,m4 pusilla4 ,m4 villif]a 7hair-be>+74--,/em simil> to ! la/1 b usually prolif]\s at ! base2 tub]cles angul>1 %ort1 woolly 9 ! axils1 & be>+ f\r rigid1 %ort1 r$di%-br[n sp9es on ! apex4 ,fl[]s pale rose1 ) a l9e ( purple d[n ! middle ( ea* petal2 !y are develop$ ne> ! top ( ! /em1 9 ,may4 ,native c\ntry1 ,mexico4 ,?is plant ?rives if treat$ z recomm5d$ = ,m4 pusilla4 ,!re are sev]al v>ieties kn[n1 di/+ui%$ by _! pal] or d>k] fl[]s1 or by a diff]5ce 9 ! l5g? & arrangem5t ( ! sp9es4 ,m4 viridis 7gre574--,/em #d 94 high by #c 94 9 diamet]1 prolif]\s at ! base2 tub]cles %ort1 f\r-angl$1 cr[d$ 9 spiral r[s1 woolly at ! base1 be>+ ea* five or six radiat+ hair-l sp9es on ! apex1 & "o c5tral erect "o1 none m ?an 94 long4 ,fl[]s erect1 on top ( /em1 ) recurv$1 pale yell[ petals1 #a 941 long2 !y are produc$ 9 ,may & ,june4 ,introduc$ f ,mexico 9 #ahej4 ,x may be gr[n 9 a sunny frame out ( doors dur+ summ]1 & on a dry1 w>m gre5h\se %elf 9 w9t]4 ,m4 vivip>a 7/em--spr\t+74--,a tuft$1 free-gr[+ ,?imble ,cactus1 produc+ its small /ems 9 su* pr(usion z to =m a clu/] z mu* z #c ft4 9 diamet]4 ,! small tub]cles are hidd5 by ! num]\s radial sp9es1 :i* are 9 clu/]s ( ab\t tw5ty2 !y are :ite1 hair-l1 /iff & 94 long2 ! c5tral sp9es1 numb]+ f f\r to six1 are a little long]4 ,fl[]s f apex ( /em1 #a 94 long & wide1 & compos$ ( ab\t ?irty fimbriat$ sepals & tw5ty-five to =ty n>r[ petals2 col\r bright purple4 ,fruit 94 long1 pale gre5 :5 ripe4 ,! fl[]s1 :i* appe> 9 ,may & ,june1 usually exp& aft] mid-day4 ,native ( ,l\isiana4 ,9 ! ,nor?-,we/ pla9s & ,rocky ,m\nta9s ( ,nor? ,am]ica ?is plant is abundant1 (t5 =m+ wide cu%ion-l tufts1 :i*1 :5 cov]$ ) num]\s purple1 />-l fl[]s1 h a pretty effect4 ,9 ,utah & ,new ,york x is commonly cultivat$ z a h>dy g>d5 plant1 be>+ exposure to ke5 fro/s & sn[ )\t suff]+2 b x w\ld n ?rive out ( doors 9 w9t] ) u1 unless cov]$ by a h&light dur+ sev]e wea!r1 & protect$ f heavy ra9s 9 w9t]4 ,x likes a /rong1 clayey soil4 ,m4 v4 radiosa 7,fig4 #gc74--,?is v>iety is di/+ui%$ by its l>g] fl[]s & %ort] sp9es4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gc4 ,,mamill>ia ,,vivip>a ,,radiosa4 ,m4 ,wildiana 7,wild's74--,an old g>d5 ,cactus1 & "o ( ! prettie/ ( ! tuft$1 small-/emm$ k9ds4 ,its l>ge/ /ems are #c 94 high by ab\t #a 94 9 diamet]1 & be> spiral r[s ( clavate1 d>k gre51 cry/allis$ tub]cles1 94 long1 ) ab\t t5 radial :ite sp9es1 94 long1 ! ?ree upp] sp9es1 toge!r ) ! solit>y c5tral hook$ "o1 be+ yell[4 ,fl[]s small1 num]\s on ! apices ( ! /ems1 rose-col\r$1 l9$ ) purple2 !y are develop$ 9 summ]4 ,?is also =ms d5se tufts ( /ems4 ,a specim5 at ,kew1 only a few ye>s old1 has already ov] ?irty heads4 ,x is a native ( ,mexico1 at an altitude ( #ejjj ft41 gr[+ on lava & basalt1 & ev5 on ! trunks ( trees4 ,= its cultivation1 a %elf 9 a sunny gre5h\se is a mo/ suitable position1 bo? 9 w9t] & summ]4 ,introduc$ #ahce4 ,m4 ,wrightii 7,wright's74--,?is is a *>m+ little plant1 ( some?+ ! same "* z ,m4 doli*oc5tra4 ,x has n long be5 cultivat$ 9 g>d5s1 b be+ easy to manage1 & exceptionally pretty1 x is sure to become a fav\rite z x gets kn[n4 ,/em r\nd$ above1 n>r[$ & peg-top-l at ! base1 ! top flatt5$1 ab\t #c 94 across1 height ab\t ! same4 ,tub]cles conical1 94 long1 %9+ gre51 & be>+ a tuft ( six or eight sp9es1 :i* are /raight1 hair-l1 :ite1 & 94 long2 !re are two c5tral sp9es1 ( same l5g?1 & hook$4 ,fl[]s 9 ! top ( ! /em1 #a 94 long & wide1 bright purple2 !y are succe$$ by egg-%ap$1 purple b]ries1 #a 94 long1 & prettily arrang$ among ! tub]cles4 ,9 ,engl& a w>m h\se seems mo/ suitable = ?is species4 ,x likes pl5ty ( moi/ure & sunlight dur+ ! summ]1 :il/ mak+ new gr[?2 b 9 w9t]1 :5 at re/1 x ought to be kept on a %elf1 & j moi/5$ ov]head 9 bright wea!r4 ,!re are heal?y examples ( x at ,kew4 ,fl[]+ season1 ,may & ,june4 ,native c\ntry1 ,mexico4 ,introduc$ ab\t #ahgh4 ,m4 ,zuc*>9iana 7,zuc*>9i's74--,/em simple1 globose1 (t5 atta9+ a height ( #aj 94 by ab\t #g 94 9 diamet]4 ,tub]cles d>k gre51 conical1 #a_/c 94 long1 94 broad at base1 nak$ at ! po9t1 b ) f\r to six sp9es spr++ f ! areole a little bel[ ! po9t2 sp9es a%-col\r$1 /iff1 black-tipp$4 ,fl[]s 9 a r+ ab\t ! top ( ! /em1 l5g? #a 941 ! tube envelop$ 9 long1 black1 twi/$ hairs2 sepals br[n-purple2 petals n>r[1 %>p-po9t$1 purple-rose col\r$2 /am5s :ite & yell[2 /igma rose-col\r$4 ,fl[]s 9 ,june & ,july4 ,native ( ,mexico4 ,a l>ge1 h&some-/emm$ k9d1 easily kept 9 heal?1 & fl[]+ freely if gr[n on a %elf 9 a cool gre5h\se 9 w9t]1 & plac$ 9 a w>m1 sunny position out ( doors 9 summ]4 ,x produces se$s freely1 & pretty plants1 #c 94 or m 9 diamet]1 may be obta9$ 9 two ye>s f se$s4 ,by graft+ x1 :5 "y1 on ! /em ( a ,c]eus or cyl9drical ,opuntia1 a heal?y1 drum/ick-l plant is easily obta9$4 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,! ,,g5us ,,leu*t5b]gia4 7,nam$ 9 hon\r ( ,pr9ce ,leu*t5b]g47 ,among ! _m in/ances ( plant mimicry t occur 9 ! ,cactus ord]1 ! mo/ rem>kable is ! plant "h figur$4 ,remove ! fl[] f ,leu*t5b]gia1 & v few p inde$ w\ld ?9k ( call+ x a ,cactus1 b w\ld probably consid] x a %ort-leav$ ,yucca4 ,9 habit1 9 =m1 9 leaf1 & 9 texture1 x m resembles a ,yucca or an ,agave ?an any?+ else1 & :5 fir/ introduc$ x 0 consid]$ su* by ! ,kew au?orities until x fl[]$4 ,! leaves1 or r tub]cles1 are sometimes long] & sl5d]] ?an 9 ,fig4 #gd4 ,! ne>e/ approa* to ?is plant is ,mamill>ia longimamma1 9 :i* ! tub]cles are #a 94 or m long1 f+]-%ap$1 & cr[n$ ) a few hair-l sp9es4 ,b ! ,leu*t5b]gia be>s its fl[]s on ! ends ( ! tub]cles1 & n f ! axils1 z 9 all o!rs4 ,?is peculi>ity leads "o to inf] t tub]cles are modifi$ bran*es1 ! sp9es repres5t+ ! leaves4 ,"s species ( ,mamill>ia & ,e*9ocactus develop "y plants f ! tops ( _! tub]cles2 & ?is also po9ts to ! probability t ! latt] are bran*es4 ,9 ,leu*t5b]gia1 ! tub]cles fall away z ! plant increases 9 height1 leav+ a b>e1 woody /em simil> to t ( a ,yucca4 ,cultivation4--,! ,leu*t5b]gia has always be5 difficult to keep 9 heal?4 ,x ?rives be/ :5 kept 9 a w>m1 sunny h\se dur+ w9t]1 & 9 an expos$1 airy1 w>m position "u a frame dur+ summ]4 ,x may be wat]$ regul>ly :il/ gr[+--t is1 f ,april to ,septemb]--& kept q dry all w9t]4 ,! soil %\ld be well-dra9$ loam1 & ! roots %\ld h pl5ty ( room4 ,a specim5 may be se5 9 ! ,kew collection4 ,propagation4--,?is may be effect$ f se$s1 or by remov+ ! head f an old plant1 putt+ ! =m] 9 s&1 & plac+ x "u a bell-glass to root1 wat]+ x only ab\t once a week till roots are =m$4 ,! old /em %\ld be kept dry = ab\t two mon?s1 & !n wat]$ & plac$ 9 a sunny1 moi/ position1 :]e x c be syr+$ once a day4 ,a %elf 9 a /ove is ! be/ position = x4 ,"h x w =m "y buds 9 ! axils ( ! )]$ tub]cles1 & on ! edges ( ! p]si/5t p>ts ( ! tub]cles !mselves4 ,!y fir/ appe> 9 ! =m ( t9y tufts ( yell[i% d[n1 & gradually develop till ! fir/ leaf-l tub]cle appe>s4 ,:5 l>ge en\gh1 ! buds may be remov$ & plant$ 9 small pots to root4 ,if an old plant is dealt ) 9 ?is way 9 ,april1 a bat* ( "y ones %\ld be develop$ & root$ by ,octob]4 ,graft+ does n appe> to h ev] be5 tri$ = ?is plant4 ,:5 sick1 ! plant %\ld be c>efully wa%$1 & all decay$ p>ts cut away2 x may !n be plant$ 9 v s&y loam1 & kept "u a bell-glass till root$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gd4 ,,leu*t5b]gia ,,pr9cipis4 ,,species4 ,l4 pr9cipis 7noble72 ,fig4 #gd4--,?is1 ! only species kn[n1 0 introduc$ f ,mexico to ,kew 9 #ahdg1 & fl[]$ ! foll[+ ye>4 ,! plant atta9s a height ( #a ft4 or m1 ! /em be+ erect1 /\t1 clo!d ) ! p]si/5t1 scale-l bases ( ! old1 fall5-away tub]cles1 ! bases hav+ dri$ up & tight5$ r\nd ! /em4 ,! upp] "p is clo!d ) ! curv$1 leaf-l tub]cles1 f #c 94 to #f 94 long1 grey-gre5 9 col\r1 succul5t1 ) a t\gh sk91 triangul>1 & gradually n>r[$ to a blunt po9t1 ^u :i* are half a doz5 or m ?91 flexu\s1 horny filam5ts1 nei!r sp9es nor hairs 9 appe>ance1 b almo/ hay-l2 ! c5tral "o is ab\t #e 94 long1 & ! o!rs ab\t half t l5g?4 ,! fl[]s are borne on ! ends ( ! "y1 p>tly-develop$ tub]cles1 ne> ! c5tre ( ! head2 !y are erect1 tubul>1 #c 94 to #d 94 long1 scaly1 gradually wid5+ upw>ds2 ! sepals & petals are num]\s1 & =m a beautiful fl[] ( ! ord9>y ,cactus type1 q #d 94 across1 & ( a ri*1 cle> yell[ col\r4 ,! an!rs1 :i* also are yell[1 =m a column 9 ! c5tre1 ?r\gh :i* ! n9e-ray$ /igma protrudes4 ,/rong plants sometimes produce two fl[]s toge!r4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,! ,,g5us ,,pelecyphora4 7,f pelekyphoros1 hat*et-be>+2 ref]r+ to ! %ape ( ! tub]cles47 ,,ike ,leu*t5b]gia1 ?is g5us is monotypic1 & x is also r>e1 difficult to cultivate1 & exceptionally int]e/+ 9 /ructure4 ,x is closely relat$ to ! ,mamill>ias1 z may be se51 by comp>+ ! ,figure "h giv5 ) "s ( !m2 inde$1 x 0 once kn[n z ,m4 asellif]a1 hav+ be5 describ$ "u t "n :5 fir/ introduc$1 9 #ahdc4 ,f ,mamill>ia1 h[ev]1 x diff]s 9 ! =m ( its tub]cles1 :i* are hat*et-%ap$1 & cleft at ! apex1 :]e ea* division is clo!d ) small1 horny1 ov]lapp+ scales1 n unlike ! back ( a woodl\se--h5ce ! specific "n4 ,cultivation4--,! ,hat*et ,cactus gr[s v sl[ly1 specim5s su* z t repres5t$ 9 our ,illu/ration be+ _m ye>s old4 ,we h se5 heal?y plants1 fre%ly import$1 gr[ = a few mon?s1 & !n sudd5ly die1 ! inside ( ! /em rott+ :il/ outside x look$ p]fectly heal?y4 ,x is always gr[n on its own roots1 b probably x w\ld ?rive bett] if graft$ on ! /em ( "s dw>f ,c]eus or ,e*9ocactus4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ge4 ,,pelecyphora ,,aselli=mis4 ,propagation4--,! propagation ( ,pelecyphora is easie/ effect$ by means ( se$s1 :i*1 h[ev]1 are n always procurable4 ,x is /at$ by ,lab\ret1 a ,fr5* writ] on ,cactuses1 t ! fir/ plants introduc$ arriv$ dead1 b a few se$s 7 f\nd 9 a )]$ fruit on "o ( ! dead /ems1 & f ^! ! fir/ plants gr[n 9 ,europe 7 rais$4 ,m4 de ,smet ( ,gh5t1 _h a l>ge /ock ( ?is ,cactus a few ye>s ago1 & a ,g]man nurs]yman1 ,h4 ,hildmann1 ( ,orani5b]g1 ne> ,b]l91 usually has _m "y plants ( x = sale4 ,,species4 ,p4 aselli=mis 7woodl\se-l72 ,fig4 #ge4--,! size1 habit1 & /ructure ( ?is plant are s well repres5t$ 9 ! ,figure t little description is necess>y4 ,! /ems are simple till !y get ab\t #c 94 high1 :5 !y develop (fsets ab\t ! base1 :i* may ei!r be remov$ to =m new plants1 or all[$ to rema9 & gr[ into a specim5 l t 9 ! ,illu/ration4 ,! fl[]s are l>ge = ! size ( ! plant1 & !y are develop$ freely 9 ! apex ( ! /ems 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! summ]4 ,! tube is v %ort1 nak$1 & completely hidd5 by ! "y mammae2 sepals & petals 9 f\r s]ies1 ! out] "o pale purple1 ! inn] ( a deep purple col\r2 /am5s v num]\s1 & ! /igma has only f\r erect lobes4 ,! plant 0 fir/ describ$ f examples cultivat$ 9 ,b]l9 9 #ahdc1 b ! fl[]s 7 n kn[n till #aheh4 ,!re are sev]al v>ieties kn[n1 viz41 ,p4 a4 concolor1 :i* is di/+ui%$ by ! :ole ( ! fl[] be+ deep purple 9 col\r2 ,p4 a4 pect9ata has l>g] scales 7sp9e-tufts72 & ,p4 a4 cri/ata is1 z its "n d5otes a k9d ( cockscomb or cre/$ =m4 ,!y are all natives ( ,mexico4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,! ,,g5us ,,opuntia4 7,! old ,lat9 "n us$ by ,pl9y1 & said to h be5 d]iv$ f ! city ( ,opus47 ,!re are ab\t #aej species ( ,opuntia kn[n1 all ( !m natives ( ! ,am]ican cont95t & ! ,we/ ,indies1 ?\gh a consid]able numb] h become naturalis$ 9 _m o!r p>ts ( ! _w4 ,!y are1 ) v few exceptions1 easily di/+ui%$ f all o!r ,cactuses by ! peculi> "* ( _! /ems & sp9es2 !y are also well m>k$ 9 ! /ructure ( _! fl[]s4 ,!y v>y 9 size f small1 trail+1 _m-bran*$ plants1 nev] exce$+ #f 94 9 height1 to l>ge %rubs #h ft4 to #cj ft4 high4 7,humboldt /ates t he saw ,opuntias & o!r ,cactuses #cj ft4 to #dj ft4 high47 ,g5]ally ! bran*es are ne>ly flat :5 "y1 & %ap$ l a racquet or battl$ore2 b 9 "s species ! bran*es are r\nd 7i4e41 9 ,o4 cyl9drica1 ,o4 subulata1 ,o4 arboresc5s1 c474 ,all ! k9ds h fle%y /ems1 :i* ultimately become cyl9drical & woody4 ,at fir/ !y consi/ ( fle%y jo9ts1 sup]pos$ ^u "o ano!r1 ! jo9ts v>y+ consid]ably 9 size & %ape4 ,:5 "y !y be> small fle%y leaves along ) ! sp9e-tufts2 b ! =m] fall (f at an e>ly /age1 :il/ ! sp9es are alt]$ 9 l5g? or numb] z ! jo9ts get old4 ,9 "o or two k9ds ! sp9es fall away :5 ! jo9ts beg9 to h>d51 & 9 ,o4 subulata ! leaves are l>ge & p]si/5t4 ,! nature ( ! sp9es ( ,opuntias is ( a k9d t is n likely to be =gott5 by anyone com+ into contact ) !m4 ,e sp9e1 f ! t9y bri/les1 h>dly p]ceptible to ! nak$ eye1 to ! /\t1 ne$le-l spe>s :i* are f\nd on ! bran*es ( "s k9ds1 is b>b$1 & !y are s v %>p & p5etrat+ t ev5 a g5tle t\* is suffici5t to make !m pi]ce ! sk94 ,once 9 !y are v difficult to get out2 ! v f9e ones c only be %av$ level ) ! sk91 & left to gr[ out1 :il/ ! l>g] mu/ be cut out if !y h p5etrat$ to any dep?4 ,?is horrid "* 9 ,opuntias1 :il/ r5d]+ !m disagreeable to ! g>d5]1 has be5 turn$ to good acc\nt 9 _m ( our colonies1 :]e !y are commonly us$ z f5ces4 ,a good h$ge ( su* k9ds z ,o4 ,tuna or ,o4 horrida is absolutely impassable to bo? man & bea/1 & z ! /ems are too wat]y to be easily de/roy$ by fire1 _! usefulness 9 ?is way c\ld n be surpass$4 ,z all ! ,opuntias w gr[ 9 ! v poore/ ( soils1 & ev5 on b>e rocks1 & z !y gr[ v rapidly1 !y h be5 l>gely employ$ 9 ,africa1 ,au/ralia1 & ,india = f5ces4 ,x is report$ t :5 an isl& 9 ! ,we/ ,indies 0 divid$ betwe5 ! ,fr5* & ,engli%1 ! b\nd>y 0 m>k$ by ?ree r[s ( ,o4 ,tuna4 ,! fl[]s ( ,opuntias are n1 z a rule1 p>ticul>ly attractive4 ,9 _m ( ! k9ds !y are l>ge & well-=m$1 b ! col\rs are tawny-yell[1 gre5i%-:ite1 or dull r$4 ,^! plants _c1 !re=e1 be recomm5d$ = any floral beauty1 al?\gh x is probable t ! same fl[]s1 on plants ( less repulsive appe>ance ?an ,opuntias are1 z a rule1 w\ld be admir$4 ,!re are a few exceptions to ?is 9 su* species z ,o4 ,raf9esquii1 ,o4 miss\ri5sis1 & ,o4 basil>is1 :i* are compact & dw>f1 & be> num]\s l>ge1 brightly-col\r$ fl[]s4 ,! fruits ( ,opuntias1 or1 at lea/1 "s ( !m1 are edible1 & to "s palates !y are v agreeable4 ,we h ta/$ !m1 & consid] !y are mawki% & insipid--n mu* bett] ?an v poor gooseb]ries4 ,sir ,joseph ,hook] has comp>$ !m to ,pumpk9s4 ,!y are pe>-%ap$1 ) a ?ick1 sp9e-cov]$ r9d1 conta9+ gre51 yell[1 or r$ pulp1 ) small1 h>d se$s scatt]$ ?r\gh x4 ,! fruit ( ,opuntia diff]s 9 "* & /ructure f ! ord9>y k9d ( fruit1 su* z apples1 pe>s1 c4 ,x consi/s ( a bran*1 or jo9t1 modifi$ 9 =m1 & be>+ on its flatt5$ apex a fl[]1 ) ! ov>y buri$ 9 a slight depression 9 ! fle%y jo9t4 ,aft] becom+ f]tilis$1 ! ov>y gr[s d[n into ! jo9t1 &1 ultimately ! :ole jo9t is *ang$ into a succul5t1 juicy1 (t5 col\r$ fruit4 ,t ?is is ! case has be5 prov$ by plant+ ! unripe fruit ( ,opuntias 9 pots ( s&y soil1 & treat+ !m z cutt+s1 :5 !y h develop$ buds at ! apex & roots at ! base1 ultimately =m+ plants4 ,! vitality 9 ! bran*es ( mo/ ( ! species is v great1 ! smalle/ piece1 z a rule1 emitt+ roots & develop+ into a plant 9 a comp>atively %ort "t4 ,! bran*es are s(t1 & easily brok51 s t1 9 ga!r+ ! fruits1 _m pieces are brok5 (f & ca/ aside2 ^! soon gr[ into plants1 & 9 a %ort "t an ext5sive colony ( ,opuntias spr+s up :]e previ\sly only "o _h be54 ,! se$s1 too1 are a ready means ( increase1 be+ di/ribut$ by birds & o!r animals1 :i* eat ! fruits4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is free vegetative "*1 ! ,opuntias introduc$ into "s ( our colonies h become a pe/ almo/ z difficult to deal ) z ! rabbit sc\rge 9 ,au/ralia4 ,9 ,engli% g>d5s1 h[ev]1 !re is no dang] ( ,opuntias gett+ ! upp] h&4 ,! adaptability ( ! majority ( ! k9ds = cultivation "u :at may be t]m$ adv]se conditions = o!r plants1 & ! ease ) :i* !y may be propagat$1 r5d] ! managem5t ( a collection ( ^! plants an easy matt]4 ,among/ o!r ,cactuses1 ,opuntias h a /rik+ effect1 & a selection ( !m %\ld be gr[n 9 ev5 ! smalle/ collections4 ,a few ( !m may be recomm5d$ specially z attractive plants = a %elt]$1 sunny rock]y4 ,cultivation4--,! cultural requirem5ts ( ! ,opuntias may m conv5i5tly be ref]r$ to "u ! description ( ea* k9d4 ,propagation4--,?is entails no exceptional treatm5t2 ! num]\s se$s conta9$ 9 ea* fruit g]m9ate freely if s[n 9 s&y soil1 & plac$ on a %elf 9 a w>m h\se2 & ! smalle/ bran*es root quickly if plant$ 9 pots ( op5 soil & kept 9 ! ,cactus-h\se4 ,l>ge bran*es root j z freely z small ones4 ,at ,kew an enorm\s specim51 :i* _h gr[n tall1 & develop$ a ?icket ( bran*es too great = ! h\se :]e x grew1 0 r$uc$ mo/ summ>ily by simply cutt+ (f ! head ( bran*es & plant+ x 9 ! gr\nd :]e ! orig9al specim5 _h be54 ,9 a %ort "t ?is cutt+ 0 well root$1 & made bett] gr[? ?an x _h be=e ! op]ation 0 p]=m$4 ,z /ocks = graft+1 _m ( ! m robu/ k9ds ( ,opuntia are well adapt$1 & v s+ul>-look+ specim5s may be obta9$ by mak+ ! mo/ ( ?is fact4 ,"o ( ! cre/$ or mon/r\s =ms1 :5 graft$ on a flat-/emm$ k9d1 pres5ts ! que]e/ ( appe>ances1 look+ l a l>ge gre5 cockscomb gr[+ out ( ! top ( a bladd]y k9d ( /em4 ,equally odd comb9ations may be made by graft+ a flat-/emm$ k9d on "o ^: /em is cyl9drical4 ,z all ! k9ds unite ) ! greate/ ease1 a ta/e = oddities among plants may easily be gratifi$ by mak+ use ( ,opuntias 9 ?is way4 ,! "t mo/ fav\rable = ! op]ation is spr+-say1 ! mon? ( ,april4 ,= full in=mation on h[ to graft ,cactuses1 see ,*apt] ,,iv41 on ,propagation4 ,,species4 ,o4 arboresc5s 7tree-l74--,?is species is kn[n z ! ,walk+-,/ick or ,elk-,horn ,cactus1 f its cyl9drical1 woody /ems be+ made into v curi\s-look+ walk+-/icks 7examples ( :i* may be se5 9 ! ,museum at ,kew71 :il/ ! arrangem5t ( ! bran*es is sugge/ive ( elk horns4 ,habit erect2 jo9ts cyl9drical1 bran*+ freely1 & =m+ trees f #h ft4 to #cj ft4 high4 ,/ems cov]$ ) oblong tub]cles & tufts ( long1 ne$le-l sp9es1 :i* give ! plant a v f]oci\s aspect4 ,fl[]s on ! ends ( ! "y bran*es1 #b 94 to #c 94 9 diamet]1 bright purple 9 col\r1 develop+ 9 ,june4 ,x is a native ( ,mexico1 c41 & requires gre5h\se or /ove treatm5t4 ,! skeletons ( ?is species1 z se5 scatt]$ ov] ! des]t places :]e x is wild1 h a v s+ul> & />tl+ appe>ance4 ,!y /& 9 ! =m ( trees1 q devoid ( leaves1 sp9es1 or fle%1 &1 ow+ to ! peculi> arrangem5t ( ! ligne\s lay]s1 no?+ rema9s except a holl[ cyl9d]1 p]=at$ ) me%-l holes1 indicat+ ! po9ts :]e ! tub]cles & small bran*es _h be54 ,^! skeletons are said to /& _m ye>s4 ,o4 arbuscula 7small tree74--,ano!r ( ! cyl9drical k9ds1 ) a solid1 woody trunk1 ab\t #d 94 ?r\gh1 & clo!d ) smoo?1 gre5 b>k2 x gr[s to a height ( #g ft4 or #h ft4 ,bran*es v num]\s1 sl5d]1 copi\sly jo9t$1 ! ultimate jo9ts ab\t #c 94 long & 94 ?ick2 !y are slightly tub]culat$1 & be> tufts ( sp9es ne>ly #a 94 long4 ,fl[]s #a 94 9 diamet]1 produc$ 9 ,june2 petals few1 gre5i%-yell[1 t+$ ) r$4 ,x is a native ( ,mexico1 & requires /ove treatm5t4 ,a pretty plant1 or1 r1 a v rem>kable "o1 ev5 :5 n 9 fl[]1 ! ?9 bran*es1 ) _! hundr$s ( long1 :iti% sp9es1 be+ s+ul>4 ,un=tunately1 x is n easily gr[n4 ,o4 ar5>ia 7s&-lov+74--,/ems spread+1 =m+ a tuft #c ft4 ?r\gh & ab\t #a ft4 high4 ,jo9ts #a 94 to #c 94 long1 & a little less 9 wid?1 t]ete1 ) v prom95t tub]cles & num]\s tawny bri/les2 upp] sp9es #a 94 to #a 94 long1 :ite1 ) a yell[ po9t1 %ort] ones hair-l & curl$4 ,fl[]s #b 94 9 diamet]1 produc$ 9 ,may4 ,fruit #a 94 long1 be>+ a few %ort sp9es4 ,mexico4 ,a /rong-root$ plant1 :i* %\ld be gr[n 9 v loose1 s&y soil4 ,x w\ld probably ?rive be/ :5 plant$ out on a /age ne> ! glass 9 a /ove4 ,o4 ,aub]i 7,aub]'s74--,an erect-gr[+ plant1 #h ft4 or m high1 n unlike ,o4 ,ficus-indica 9 ! =m ( its jo9ts1 b ) long sp9es spr++ f ! cu%ions1 :]eas ! latt] has none4 ,! jo9ts are oblong-ovate1 glauc\s-gre51 ! cu%ions few & scatt]$2 sp9es :ite1 flatt5$1 ( v>i\s l5g?s4 ,fl[]s tawny yell[1 small = ! size ( ! plant4 ,a native ( ,cuba1 & requir+ /ove treatm5t4 ,be+ v brittle1 ?is plant %\ld be support$ ) /akes4 ,o4 aurantiaca 7orange74--,a dw>f1 cyl9drical-/emm$ k9d1 bran*+ freely4 ,jo9ts %ort1 94 9 diamet]2 cu%ions ( r$di% sp9es1 "o ab\t #a 94 long1 ! o!rs %ort]2 bases ( sp9es envelop$ 9 :ite wool4 ,fl[]s bright orange1 #b 94 to #c 94 across4 ,?is species is a native ( ,*ili1 :5ce x 0 introduc$ 9 #ahbd4 ,x %\ld be gr[n 9 a w>m gre5h\se all w9t]1 & plac$ 9 a sunny position outside dur+ summ]4 ,o4 basil>is 7bran*+ at ! base72 ,fig4 #gf4--;,a dw>f1 compact plant1 ( peculi> habit4 ,/em %ort1 bran*+ into a numb] ( /\t1 obovate1 (t5 fan-%ap$ jo9ts1 :i* usually spr+ f a common base1 & curve inw>ds1 sugge/+ an op5 cabbage4 ,jo9ts #e 94 to #h 94 long1 ab\t #a 94 ?ick1 cov]$ all ov] ) dot-l cu%ions ( v %ort1 r$di% sp9es1 set 9 slight depressions or wr9kles4 ,fl[]s ( a beautiful & ri* purple col\r1 ab\t #b 94 9 diamet]1 & produc$ 9 ,may4 ,?is di/9ct plant is a native ( ,mexico1 & is ( rec5t introduction4 ,plants ( x may be se5 9 ! ,kew collection4 ,x is app>5tly easily kept 9 heal? 9 an ord9>y /ove temp]ature along ) o!r ,cactuses4 ,x v>ies 9 ! =m ( its jo9ts & 9 its mann] ( bran*+1 b x seems nev] to develop ! jo9ts "o on ! top ( ! o!r1 z d mo/ ,opuntias4 ,?is species is c]ta9 to become a fav\rite :5 x becomes bett] kn[n4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gf4 ,,opuntia ,,basil>is4 ,o4 ,bigelovii 7,bigel['s74--,a cyl9d]-/emm$1 tall-gr[+ plant1 ) a /\t1 woody /em1 be>+ a d5se head ( bran*es4 ,jo9ts #b 94 to #f 94 long1 #a 94 to #b 94 9 diamet]1 light gre51 cov]$ ) small tub]cles & little sp9e-cu%ions1 ) l>g] sp9es #a 94 long4 ,:5 wild1 ! "y jo9ts are (t5 %ak5 (f by ! w9d1 & cov] ! soil ar\nd1 :]e !y take root or /ick to ! clo!s ( ! pass]s-by l burrs4 ,fl[]s n kn[n4 ,a native ( ,mexico1 :]e x =ms a tree #ab ft4 high2 x requires /ove treatm5t4 ,! skeleton ( ! trunk is a holl[ cyl9d]1 p]=at$ ) num]\s holes1 :i* occur 9 a regul> spiral4 ,! appe>ance ( a full-gr[n specim5 is v /rik+1 ! oval jo9ts1 ?ickly cov]$ ) long1 ne$le-l sp9es1 hang+ 9 clu/]s1 m sugge/ive ( sp9y fruit ?an bran*es4 ,o4 boliviana 7,bolivian72 ,fig4 #gg4--,/ems #a ft4 high1 erect1 bran*+1 & compos$ ( r\ndi%1 pale gre5 jo9ts1 ) small1 r\nd tub]cles1 & long1 :ite1 flexible sp9es1 sometimes z mu* z #d 94 9 l5g?2 cu%ions ab\t #a 94 ap>t4 ,fl[]s #a 94 across1 yell[i%4 ,?is is a fat1 g\ty-look+ plant1 f ,bolivia1 requir+ /ove treatm5t4 ,x (t5 assumes a yell[ hue on ! old] jo9ts1 ev5 :5 9 good heal?4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gg4 ,,opuntia ,,boliviana4 ,o4 bra*y>?ra 7%ort-jo9t$72 ,fig4 #gh4--;,a dw>f-gr[+1 s+ul>-look+ plant1 ) %ort1 tumid jo9ts f #a 94 to #b 94 long & wide1 & ne>ly ! same 9 ?ickness4 ,! %ortness ( ! jo9ts1 toge!r ) _! gr[+ on ! top ( ea* o!r1 has be5 n inaptly comp>$ to a jo9t$ f+]4 ,cu%ions v close toge!r1 compos$ ( %ort1 :ite & yell[i% bri/les1 & /\t1 t]ete sp9es1 #a 94 or m long1 set on little tub]cles4 ,fl[]s #a 94 9 diamet]1 ) ab\t five sepals1 eight or n9e petals1 & a five-ray$ /igma2 !y are borne on ! apices ( ! topmo/ jo9ts4 ,?is species is wor? gr[+ on acc\nt ( its peculi> /ems & ! l5g? ( its :ite sp9es4 ,x is a native ( ,new ,mexico1 & has be5 rec5tly introduc$ to ,kew1 :]e x is cultivat$ among ! h>dy k9ds1 & also 9 ! gre5h\se4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gh4 ,,opuntia ,,bra*y>?ra4 ,o4 brazili5sis 7,brazilian74--,! peculi> habit & mode ( gr[? at once di/+ui% ?is species4 ,x rises ) a p]fectly /raight1 erect1 sl5d]1 b firm & /iff1 r\nd /em1 to a height ( f #aj ft4 to #cj ft41 tap]+ f ! base upw>ds1 & furni%$ all ! way up ) %ort1 horizontal bran*es1 spread+ ab\t #c ft4 all r\nd1 l an imm5se c&elabrum4 ,sp9es long1 subulate1 v %>p1 a%-col\r$1 9 clu/]s4 ,jo9ts broadly oblong1 m>g9s wavy2 !y resemble leaves1 or ! ?91 leaf-l jo9ts ( a ,phyllocactus1 ) ! addition ( long1 :iti% sp9es on bo? sides4 ,fl[]s #a 94 9 diamet]1 lemon-yell[1 v freely produc$ on ! y\ng] jo9ts dur+ ,may & ,june4 ,fruit z l>ge z a walnut1 sp9y1 yell[ :5 ripe4 ,?is species is a native ( ,brazil1 :5ce x 0 introduc$ 9 #ahaf4 ,x may be recomm5d$ = l>ge1 airy h\ses1 z x gr[s freely1 & =ms a /rik+ object :5 arrang$ ) foliage & fl[]+ plants ( ! ord9>y k9d4 ,its fruits are edible4 ,o4 c&elabri=mis 7c&elabrum-%ap$74--,/ems erect1 #e ft4 to #h ft4 high2 jo9ts flat1 almo/ circul>1 ab\t #f 94 9 diamet]1 glauc\s-gre51 d5sely clo!d ) num]\s cu%ions ( :ite1 bri/le-l sp9es1 a few 9 ea* cu%ion be+ long & ?read-l4 ,fl[]s n kn[n on cultivat$ plants4 ,?is /urdy species is a native ( ,mexico1 & succe$s well if plant$ on a little rock]y or rais$ m\nd 9 a w>m h\se1 :]e1 prop]ly treat$1 x bran*es freely1 & =ms a d5se mass ( circul> jo9ts4 ,x is "o ( ! mo/ useful ( ! l>g] ,opuntias = cultivation 9 l>ge h\ses4 ,o4 clavata 7club-%ap$74--,/em %ort2 jo9ts club-%ap$1 #b 94 long & #a 94 wide1 n>r[$ almo/ to a po9t at bo? ends4 ,cu%ions 94 ap>t1 compos$ ( num]\s sp9es1 v>y+ f %ort & bri/le-l to #a 94 9 l5g?1 /\t1 flatt5$1 & spe>-l4 ,leaves 94 long4 ,fl[]s yell[1 #a 94 across4 ,fruit #a 94 long1 lemon-yell[ :5 ripe1 & cov]$ ) /ellate clu/]s ( :ite1 bri/le-l sp9es4 ,new ,mexico1 #ahed4 ,a /ove species1 rem>kable = ! /r5g? & =m ( its c5tral sp9es1 :i* are spe> or dagg]-%ap$4 ,o4 co*9ellif]a 7co*9eal-be>+72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #bgdb4--;,an erect-gr[+ plant1 atta9+ a height ( #i ft4 or m1 & bran*+ freely1 ! old] p>ts ( ! /em & bran*es be+ woody & cyl9drical2 "y jo9ts flat1 oblong-ovate1 v>y+ 9 l5g? f #d 94 to #a ft41 deep gre51 r s(t & wat]y1 sp9eless1 ! cu%ions di/ant1 & sometimes be>+ a few v %ort bri/les4 ,fl[]s at ! extremities ( ! bran*es1 #a 94 long1 compos$ ( num]\s imbricat+1 scale-l petals1 curv+ inw>ds1 & col\r$ crimson4 ,fruit flat-topp$1 #b 94 long1 r$2 pulp r$di%2 se$s black4 ,x is a native ( tropical ,s\? ,am]ica1 :5ce x 0 introduc$ 9 #afhh4 ,x requires /ove treatm5t1 & blossoms 9 ,augu/4 ,?is is "o ( ! mo/ useful ( ! g5us1 on acc\nt ( its be+ ! k9d *iefly employ$ 9 ! cultivation ( co*9eal4 ,x is "o ( ! easie/ to manage1 requir+ only a r dry atmosph]e1 pl5ty ( light1 & a temp]ature n l[] ?an #ej degs4 9 w9t]4 ,syn4 ,nopalea co*9ellif]a4 ,o4 corrugata 7wr9kl$74--,/em n m ?an #b ft4 high2 jo9ts cyl9drical1 wr9kl$ all ov]1 ab\t #b 94 long1 cov]$ ) cu%ions ( :ite hair or bri/le-l sp9es4 ,fl[]s #a 94 across1 r$di%-yell[1 produc$ 9 ,augu/4 ,a native ( ,*ili1 :5ce x 0 introduc$ 9 #ahbd4 ,x may be gr[n 9 an ord9>y gre5h\se1 on a %elf ne> ! glass1 & expos$ to full sun%9e4 ,o4 curassavica 7,curassoa72 ,p9-pill[4--,bran*es spread+2 jo9ts cyl9drical or club-%ap$1 d>k gre51 be>+ num]\s cu%ions ( woolly bri/les1 & long1 :ite1 v %>p-po9t$ sp9es4 ,fl[]s #c 94 across1 gre5i%-yell[1 borne on ! "y jo9ts 9 ,june4 ,introduc$ f ,curassoa 9 #afij4 ,a free-gr[+ plant "u fav\rable conditions1 & "o requir+ /ove treatm5t4 ,x has be5 cultivat$ 9 g>d5s almo/ z long z any species ( ,cactus4 ,!re are sev]al v>ieties ( x kn[n1 diff]+ f ! type 9 habit1 l5g? ( sp9e1 or %ade ( col\r 9 ! fl[]4 ,o4 cyl9drica 7cyl9drical74--,/em & jo9ts cyl9drical1 ! latt] cov]$ ) sp9dle-%ap$ tub]cles1 ea* "o cr[n$ ) a tuft ( f9e1 hair-l1 :iti% sp9es1 "o or two 9 ea* tuft be+ /iff1 & %>p z ne$les4 ,! leaves are fle%y1 cyl9drical1 #a 94 or m long1 & !y rema9 on ! jo9ts long] ?an is usual 9 ,opuntias4 ,fl[]s cr[d$ on ! ends ( ! bran*es1 ea* #a 94 9 diamet]1 sc>let2 !y are develop$ 9 ,june4 ,?is plant is said to gr[ to a height ( #f ft4 or m 9 its native habitat1 b "u cultivation x is r>ely se5 m ?an #c ft4 high2 x 0 introduc$ 9 #agii4 ,x is h&some & di/9ct en\gh to be wor? gr[+4 ,x requires /ove or gre5h\se treatm5t1 b r>ely fl[]s "u cultivation4 ,o4 c4 cri/ata 7cre/$74--,a dw>f1 cockscomb-l v>iety1 ) ! leaves & :ite hairs gr[+ all along ! wr9kl$ top ( ! comb4 ,x is a v s+ul> example ( a mon/] ,cactus4 ,x requires /ove treatm5t4 ,o4 ,davisii 7,davis'72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #ffeb4--,/ems some:at horizontal1 n exce$+ #a ft4 9 height2 jo9ts #d 94 to #f 94 9 l5g?1 & ab\t 94 9 ?ickness2 wood d5se1 & h>d :5 old2 tub]cles n prom95t1 be>+ cu%ions ( v sl5d] bri/les1 =m+ a k9d ( bru%1 f among/ :i* ! sp9es spr+4 ,! longe/ sp9es are #a 941 & !y are cov]$ ) a loose1 gli/5+ %ea?4 ,fl[]s #b 94 9 diamet]1 gre5i%-br[n4 ,! plant is a native ( ,new ,mexico1 & 0 introduc$ 9 #ahhc4 ,x =ms a compact1 %rubby little plant if gr[n 9 an int]m$iate h\se dur+ w9t]1 & plac$ 9 ! op5 9 full sun%9e dur+ summ]4 ,x 0 fl[]$ = ! fir/ "t 9 ,engl& 9 #ahhc1 & al?\gh n :at we %\ld call an attractive plant1 9 ,am]ica x is describ$ z be+ a well-m>k$ & pretty species4 ,x is nam$ aft] ,jeff]son ,davis1 ! ,am]ican /atesman4 ,o4 decumana 7great-oblong74 ,?is is ! l>ge/-gr[+ species 9 cultivation4 ,at ,kew x is repres5t$ by a plant #ab ft4 high 7x w\ld gr[ /ill tall] if ! h\se 7 high]74 ,x has a h>d1 woody1 br[n-b>k$ /em1 be>+ an enorm\s head ( v l>ge1 elliptical1 flat jo9ts1 #ab 94 to #bj 94 long1 & ab\t #a ft4 broad1 smoo?1 grey-gre51 ) a few scatt]$ cu%ions ( v t9y bri/les1 & sometimes1 ?\gh r>ely1 a sp9e or two4 ,fl[]s l>ge1 orange-col\r$1 produc$ 9 summ]4 ,fruit oval1 #d 94 long1 sp9y1 br[ni%-r$1 v wat]y :5 ripe2 fle% r$1 sweet4 ,a native ( ,brazil1 & requir+ /ove treatm5t4 ,?is is said to be :at is kn[n 9 ,malta z ! ,indian ,fig4 ,! plant is *iefly int]e/+ "h on acc\nt ( ! extraord9>y size ( ! jo9ts4 ,o4 diademata 7diadem$74--,a small1 rem>kable1 & extremely r>e little species1 ) a %ort1 erect /em1 compos$ ( globose1 sup]pos$ jo9ts1 grey-gre5 9 col\r1 & v succul5t4 ,! topmo/ jo9t is pe>-%ap$1 ) a tuft ( :iti% hair & sp9es on ! apex1 out ( :i* ! new gr[? pu%es4 ,cu%ions l>ge1 ab\t #a 94 ap>t1 furni%$ ) a tuft ( %ort1 grey hairs & %ort sp9es1 ) a l>ge "o at ! base4 ,! "* ( ?is l>ge sp9e is exceptional1 be+ broad1 flat1 c>tilag9\s1 :iti%1 & curv+ d[nw>ds4 ,on heal?y l>ge examples ^! sp9es are #b 94 long1 & ne>ly 94 wide at ! base4 ,fl[]s & fruit n kn[n4 ,native ( ,m5doza 7,la ,plata74 ,?is little plant requires to be cultivat$ 9 a w>m gre5h\se or /ove1 b x gr[s v sl[ly4 ,x is c]ta9ly a mo/ int]e/+ ,cactus2 examples ( x may be se5 at ,kew1 :]e !re is a plant :i*1 al?\gh ov] t5 ye>s old1 is only #d 94 high4 ,syns4 ,o4 platyacan?a & ,c]eus syr+acan?us4 ,o4 ,dill5ii 7,dill5ius'72 ,fig4 #gi4--;,an erect-gr[+1 robu/ species1 atta9+ a height ( #ae ft41 ) flatt5$1 ovate jo9ts1 ab\t #e 94 long by #c 94 broad4 ,cu%ions compos$ ( %ort1 :ite1 hair-l bri/les1 & num]\s long1 /\t1 yell[ sp9es4 ,fl[]s yell[1 t+$ ) r$1 #d 94 9 diamet]1 freely produc$ on ! ends ( ! y\nge/ jo9ts all summ]4 ,fruits simil> to ^? ( ,o4 ,ficus-indica4 ,a native ( ! ,we/ ,indies1 n[ naturalis$ 9 all w>m] p>ts ( ! _w4 ,9 ,india x is s pl5tiful & widespread t ,roxburgh1 an ,indian botani/1 said x 0 a native4 ,9 ,india1 its fruits are eat5 by ! poor natives1 & x is (t5 plant$ z a h$ge4 ,x is also a great pe/ 9 ! op5 l&s ( t c\ntry1 & l>ge sums are annually exp5d$ 9 cutt+ x d[n & bury+ x4 ,?is species1 :i* requires w>m gre5h\se treatm5t1 is also employ$ 9 ! cultivation ( co*9eal4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gi4 ,,opuntia ,,dill5ii4 ,o4 e*9oc>pa 7sp9y-fruit$74--,a l[1 /raggl+ %rub1 n exce$+ #a ft4 9 height4 ,jo9ts cyl9drical1 f #a 94 to #c 94 long1 less ?an #a 94 ?ick4 ,cu%ions ( r co>se bri/les & num]\s sp9es1 f 94 to #a 94 9 l5g?4 ,fl[]s #b 94 9 diamet]1 yell[1 produc$ 9 summ]4 ,fruit %ort1 depress$1 almo/ sauc]-%ap$1 & be>+ sp9es ne>ly #a 94 long4 ,a native ( ,colorado1 c4 ,x requires /ove treatm5t4 ,! v>iety major has /ems #d ft4 high1 jo9ts #h 94 to #aj 94 long1 & long1 %ea!d sp9es4 ,?is species is closely relat$ to ,o4 ,bigelovii & ,o4 ,davisii4 ,o4 ,emoryi 7,emory's74--,a pro/rate1 spread+ plant1 less ?an #a ft4 high4 ,jo9ts cyl9drical1 curv$1 #d 94 long1 #a 94 ?ick4 ,tub]cles v prom95t1 longitud9ally atta*$ to ! /em1 ! apices cr[n$ ) pea-%ap$ cu%ions ( %ort bri/les1 & num]\s radiat+ sp9es1 "s ( :i* are fully #b 94 long1 v /rong & ne$le-l4 ,fl[]s #b 94 9 diamet]1 sulphur-yell[1 t+$ ) purple1 produc$ 9 ,augu/ & ,septemb]4 ,fruit #b 94 long & #a 94 ?ick1 cov]$ ) cu%ions ( bri/les & sp9es4 ,a native ( ,mexico1 on dry1 s&y soils1 :]e its pro/rate /ems1 clo!d ) p[]ful sp9es1 =m a hid+-place = ! small animals1 snakes1 c4 ,/ove or w>m gre5h\se treatm5t is be/ = ?is species4 ,o4 ,engelmanni 7,engelmann's74--,a /\t1 co>se-look+ plant1 #f ft4 high1 ) woody /ems & l>ge1 flat1 gre5 jo9ts1 #a ft4 long & #i 94 9 diamet]4 ,cu%ions #a 94 ap>t1 compos$ ( co>se bri/les1 & "o or two sp9es ov] #a 94 long1 & po9t+ d[nw>ds4 ,fl[]s #c 94 9 diamet]1 yell[1 produc$ 9 ,may & ,june4 ,fruit ne>ly r\nd1 #b 94 long1 purpli% bo? 9 r9d & pulp1 ! latt] r nause\s to ! ta/e4 ,mexico4 ,?is is a gre5h\se plant :i* gr[s freely & fl[]s annually "u cultivation4 ,x is v simil> to ,o4 monacan?a1 a mu* bett] kn[n species4 ,accord+ to ,am]ican botani/s1 x is probably ! mo/ widely spread ( ! :ole ,cactus tribe4 ,o4 ,ficus-indica 7,indian ,fig72 ,fig4 #hj4--;,bran*es erect1 #h ft4 to #ab ft4 high2 jo9ts flat1 oval or obovate1 ab\t #a ft4 long by #c 94 9 wid?1 & #a 94 9 ?ickness4 ,/ems h>d & woody ) age4 ,cu%ions #a 94 ap>t1 compos$ ( %ort1 yell[i% bri/les1 & v r>ely "o sp9e4 ,fl[]s #c 94 to #d 94 across1 sulphur-yell[1 produc$ all ?r\gh ! summ]4 ,fruit #c 94 to #d 94 long1 pe>-%ap$1 cov]$ ) tufts ( bri/les1 :ite1 yell[1 or r$ :5 ripe4 ,x is a native ( ,c5tral ,am]ica1 :5ce x 0 introduc$ ab\t #cjj ye>s ago4 ,x is n[ widely spread1 9 tropical & temp]ate regions all ov] ! _w4 ,9 _m p>ts x is cultivat$ = ! sake ( its fruits1 :i* 9 "s ( our colonies are us$ = dess]t4 ,9 ,engl& x mu/ be protect$ f damp & cold2 x is1 !re=e1 be/ cultivat$ 9 a sunny gre5h\se dur+ w9t]1 & plac$ outside 9 a position expos$ to full sun%9e all summ]4 ,t5ore1 an ,italian botani/1 nam$ ?is species ,o4 vulg>is1 & ?is mi/ake has l$ o!rs to consid] ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,o4 vulg>is 7true7 & ,o4 ,ficus-indica z "o & ! same species4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hj4 ,,fruit+ ,,bran* ,,( ,,opuntia ,,ficus-,,indica4 ,o4 filip5dula 7hang+ filam5ts72 ,fig4 #ha4--,/ems pro/rate1 ab\t #a ft4 high1 spread+2 jo9ts flat1 r\nd or oval1 ab\t #c 94 long1 (t5 less1 milky-gre5 9 col\r4 ,cu%ions 94 ap>t1 compos$ ( a little tuft ( :ite woolly hair1 a clu/] ( erect1 r long bri/les1 l a small %av+-bru%1 & all po9t+ upw>ds2 sp9es usually only "o 9 ea* cu%ion1 & ?is is sl5d]1 deflex$1 :ite1 & f #a 94 to #b 94 long4 ,sometimes ! jo9ts are :olly sp9eless4 ,fl[]s #b 94 9 diamet]1 purpli%1 v h&some1 produc$ 9 ,may & ,june4 ,fruit n kn[n4 ,! roots ( ?is species be> tub]s (t5 #a 94 9 ?ickness1 & sev]al in*es 9 l5g?1 & ^! tub]s w gr[ into plants if sev]$ & plant$4 ,x requires /ove treatm5t4 ,native c\ntry1 ,mexico4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ha4 ,,opuntia ,,filip5dula4 ,o4 frutesc5s 7%rubby74--,a ?9-/emm$1 copi\sly-bran*$ species4 ,jo9ts almo/ cont9u\s1 l ord9>y bran*es1 f #b 94 to #f 94 long1 ! ?icke/ n exce$+ 94 ,cu%ions on rais$ po9ts or tub]cles1 ea* consi/+ ( a small tuft ( hair1 inclos$ 9 a r[ ( bri/les1 & "o long1 c5tral sp9e1 (t5 exce$+ #b 94 9 l5g?4 ,:5 "y1 ! sp9es are inclos$ 9 a ?91 bony %ea?4 ,fl[]s scatt]$ along ! y\ng] bran*es1 #a 94 across1 gre5i%-yell[1 borne 9 ,june4 ,fruit #a 94 long1 pe>-%ap$1 smoo?1 sc>let1 ) tufts ( bri/les all ov] x1 & a depression 9 ! apex4 ,mexico4 ,?is =ms an int]e/+ pot-plant :5 prop]ly cultivat$4 ,x %\ld be gr[n 9 a w>m gre5h\se4 ,o4 ,grahami 7,graham's74--,?is is "o ( sev]al species ( ,opuntia :i* are rem>kable 9 hav+ ?ick1 fle%y roots1 n unlike ^? ( ! ,dahlia4 ,! jo9ts are #b 94 long & #a 94 9 diamet]1 cyl9drical1 ) adpress$ tub]cles1 94 or m long1 ea* tub]cle be>+ a tuft ( long1 /raight1 radiat+ sp9es4 ,fl[]s #b 94 across1 yell[1 borne on ! ends ( ! rip5$ jo9ts 9 ,june4 ,fruits #a 94 long & 94 wide1 cov]$ ) /ellate clu/]s ( %ort1 bri/le-l sp9es4 ,?is plant is a native ( ,mexico1 & is a rec5t introduction4 ,f ! nature ( its roots1 :i* are no d\bt int5d$ to s]ve z res]voirs = times ( extreme dr\ght1 x %\ld be gr[n 9 well-dra9$1 s&y soil1 & kept q dry all w9t]4 ,x requires /ove treatm5t4 ,o4 horrida 7horrid74--,an erect1 /\t-/emm$ plant1 ) flatt5$1 gre5 jo9ts1 ab\t #e 94 long by #c 94 wide4 ,cu%ions #a 94 ap>t1 compos$ ( %ort1 r$di% bri/les1 & long1 tawny r$ sp9es1 ab\t eight 9 ea* cu%ion1 & ( a peculi>ly f]oci\s appe>ance--h5ce ! specific "n4 ,! /\te/ sp9es are #c 94 long1 & are %>p & /rong z ne$les4 ,?is species 7:i* is probably a native ( ,mexico7 is des]v+ ( a place 9 collections ( ,cactuses because ( ! "* ( its sp9es4 ,probably x is only a v>iety ( ,o4 ,tuna4 ,x requires w>m-h\se treatm5t4 ,o4 hy/ric9a 7porcup9e-l74--,?is beautiful species 0 discov]$ 9 ! ,san ,francisco ,m\nta9s mix$ ) ,o4 miss\ri5sis1 to :i* x is ne>ly alli$4 ,x is spread+ 9 habit1 ! jo9ts #c 94 to #d 94 long & broad2 cu%ions 94 ap>t1 r l>ge1 ) num]\s sp9es1 v>y+ 9 l5g? f 94 to #d 941 & %ort1 yell[i% bri/les4 ,fl[]s l>ge1 yell[4 ,fruit #a 941 long1 sp9y4 ,?is plant is n kn[n 9 ,engli% collections1 b x is describ$ by ,am]ican botani/s z be+ attractive & a free gr[]4 ,z x is f\nd along ) ,o4 miss\ri5sis1 x ought to prove h>dy 9 ,engl&4 ,o4 leptocaulis 7sl5d]-/emm$74--,?is little ,mexican species is *iefly rem>kable = its fragile1 num]\s1 twig-l jo9ts1 ?ickly dott$ ) tub]cles & num]\s spirally-arrang$ cu%ions ( r$di% bri/les1 ) long1 grey sp9es4 ,x does n fl[] "u cultivation4 ,requires /ove treatm5t4 ,o4 leucotri*a 7:ite-hair$74--,an erect-/emm$ k9d1 ) flatt5$ jo9ts1 ovate or oblong 9 %ape1 & be>+ num]\s cu%ions1 94 ap>t1 ( %ort bri/les1 ) a l>ge1 c5tral sp9e1 & a few o!rs r %ort]4 ,:5 "y ^! sp9es are rigid & ne$le-l2 b z !y get old] !y increase 9 l5g?1 & become s(t1 & curl$ l /iff1 :ite hair4 ,"y plants are noticeable = _! small1 subulate leaves ( a bright r$ col\r1 :il/ old examples are almo/ z int]e/+ z ! ,old ,man ,cactus 7,piloc]eus s5ilis71 ! long1 :ite1 hair-l sp9es ( ! ,opuntia hang+ f ! old] jo9ts 9 mu* ! same mann] z !y d f ! upp] "p ( ! /em ( ! ,piloc]eus4 ,fl[]s yell[1 produc$ 9 ,june4 ,?is species is a native ( ,mexico1 & requires /ove treatm5t4 ,se$s ( ?is1 &1 inde$1 ( a l>ge proportion ( ! cultivat$ ,opuntias1 may be procur$ f se$sm51 & z !y g]m9ate quickly1 & soon produce h&some little plants1 a collection ( ,opuntias is ?us v easily obta9$4 ,o4 macroc5tra 7l>ge-spurr$74--,a flat-jo9t$ species1 gr[+ to a height ( #c ft42 ! jo9ts l>ge1 almo/ circul>1 ?9ly compress$1 & usually purpli% 9 col\r4 ,cu%ions ab\t #a 94 ap>t1 ) sp9es (t5 #c 94 long1 ( a greyi% col\r1 & g5]ally po9t+ d[nw>ds4 ,fl[]s #c 94 across1 bright yell[2 !y are develop$ 9 ,may & ,june1 on ! upp] edges ( ! y\nge/ jo9ts4 ,?is plant is a native ( ,mexico2 x is at pres5t r>e1 b ! unusual col\r ( ! jo9ts1 its compact1 freely-bran*$ habit1 ! extraord9>y l5g? ( its sp9es1 & ! size ( its fl[]s1 ought to w9 = x _m admir]s4 ,x is easily gr[n if kept 9 an int]m$iate h\se4 ,plants ( x may be se5 9 ! ,kew collection4 ,o4 macrorhiza 7l>ge-root$72 ,figs4 #hb1 #hc4--;,9 ?is ,texan species we h a comb9ation ( ! pr9cipal *>act]s = :i* ! g5us ,opuntia is rem>kable3 ,! ?ick1 fle%y roots1 :i* are a suppos$ s\rce ( food1 & :i* look l potatoes2 ! cyl9d]-%ap$ old] /ems1 & ! flatt5$1 battl$ore-l jo9ts2 ! tufts ( bri/les on ! /ems1 & decidu\s1 long] sp9es on ! jo9ts2 ! l>ge1 beautiful1 yell[ fl[]s2 & ! small leaves on ! newly-=m$ jo9ts4 ,9 habit & fl[]s ?is k9d resembles ,o4 ,raf9esquii2 & if n q h>dy 9 ,engl&1 x is nev]!less suffici5tly s to ?rive 9 any sunny position :]e x w\ld be protect$ f fro/ & excessive wet4 ,! accompany+ illu/rations repres5t ! *>act]s ( ?is species s well t fur!r description is n ne$$4 ,! fl[]s are develop$ 9 e>ly summ]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hb4 ,,fl[]+ ,,bran*es ,,( ,,opuntia ,,macrorhiza4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hc4 ,,roots ,,( ,,opuntia ,,macrorhiza4 ,o4 microdasys 7small1 ?ick74--,?is is a h&some little ,mexican plant4 ,its flatt5$ jo9ts1 :i* are ne>ly circul> 9 outl9e1 are ?ickly cov]$ ) little cu%ions ( bright orange-yell[ bri/les1 ! cu%ions be+ s close toge!r t ! %ort bri/les almo/ hide ! gre5 jo9ts f view4 ,! /ems are semi-decumb5t1 & !y bran* some:at freely4 ,fl[]s n se54 ,x ?rives 9 a w>m gre5h\se temp]ature4 ,! be/ examples ( ?is pretty ,opuntia are graft$ on a robu/-gr[+ k9d1 ! /ock be+ ab\t #a ft4 long1 & ! scion =m+ a compact head ( pretty1 heal?y-look+ jo9ts4 ,treat$ 9 ?is way1 ?is species is mo/ int]e/+ & attractive4 ,x may also be gr[n on its own roots4 ,!re is a v>iety ( x1 nam$ rufida1 9 :i* ! bri/les are r$di%-br[n4 ,o4 miss\ri5sis 7,miss\ri74--,a /\t1 pro/rate k9d1 =m+ l>ge1 spread+ masses "u fav\rable conditions4 ,jo9ts broad1 flatt5$1 obovate1 ab\t #d 94 long by #b 94 wide1 light gre52 sp9e-cu%ions less ?an #a 94 ap>t1 & compos$ ( num]\s small1 :ite sp9es1 ) f "o to f\r long] ones2 ^! latt] fall away :5 ! jo9ts get old4 ,leaves v %ort1 ) a little wool ab\t _! bases4 ,fl[]s #c 94 9 diamet]1 appe>+ f ,may onw>ds2 petals yell[1 da%$ ) rose1 sometimes :olly rose-col\r$ or brick-r$4 ,/am5s deep r$2 pi/il yell[1 ) a conical /igma4 ,fruit ne>ly r\nd1 sp9y1 ab\t #b 94 long4 ,a native ( ,wiscons91 & we/w>d to ! ,san ,francisco ,m\nta9s2 introduc$ 9 #ahad4 ,?is species is z h>dy z ,o4 ,raf9esquii1 & ?rives "u simil> treatm5t4 ,x has /ood #bb degs4 ( fro/ )\t suff]+1 requir+ only protection f ra9 9 w9t]4 ,9 ,nor? ,am]ica x =ms l>ge1 spread+ masses on gravelly hillsides1 & is mu* dread$ by travell]s1 & especially by horses2 !re x is usually cov]$ ) sn[ f ,*ri/mas to ! foll[+ ,may4 ,o4 monacan?a 7"o-sp9$74--,a tall1 robu/ plant1 n unlike ,o4 ,dill5ii 9 g5]al habit4 ,x has flat1 l>ge jo9ts1 oblong or ovate 9 outl9e1 r ?9ly compress$1 & be>+ grey cu%ions ov] #a 94 ap>t1 ) a solit>y sp9e1 #a 94 long1 spr++ f ! c5tre ( ea* cu%ion1 & po9t+ d[nw>ds4 ,fl[]s sulphur-yell[1 #b 94 across1 borne on ! la/-rip5$ jo9ts 9 ,may1 & abundant on well-gr[n plants4 ,fruits ovate1 #b 94 long1 gre51 ) tufts ( %ort1 br[n bri/les2 pulp edible4 ,! species is a native ( ,brazil1 b is n[ common 9 _m tropical & sub-tropical c\ntries4 ,x is a free-gr[+ k9d1 soon =m+ a l>ge specim5 if plant$ 9 a b$ ( old brick-rubble1 or o!r light1 well-dra9$ soil1 & kept 9 w>m gre5h\se temp]ature4 ,o4 nigricans 7blacki%72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #aeeg4--,/em /\t1 erect1 becom+ h>d & woody :5 old4 ,jo9ts flat1 oval 9 outl9e1 #e 94 to #h 94 long4 ,cu%ions #a 94 ap>t1 compos$ ( %ort r$di%-br[n bri/les & two or ?ree long /\t sp9es1 :i* are yell[ :5 "y1 b almo/ black :5 ripe4 ,fl[]s produc$ on ! "y1 rip5$ jo9ts1 orange-r$1 ab\t #c 94 across & develop$ 9 ,augu/ & ,septemb]4 ,fruit pe>-%ap$1 ri* crimson :5 ripe4 ,introduc$ f ,brazil 9 #agie4 ,?is well-m>k$ species ?rives 9 a w>m gre5h\se4 ,x bran*es freely1 & has a heal?y aspect at all times4 ,x is repres5t$ at ,kew by v l>ge specim5s2 "o ( !m1 :i* 0 rec5tly cut d[n1 _h a /em #ab ft4 high & an enorm\s head ( d>k1 gre5 jo9ts4 ,its head 0 plant$ z a cutt+4 ,o4 occid5talis 7,we/]n74--,/em /\t1 woody1 ) innum]able bran*es1 wide-spread+1 (t5 b5t to ! gr\nd4 ,jo9ts #i 94 to #ab 94 long by ab\t #f 94 broad1 flatt5$1 z _m z #ajj on "o plant4 ,cu%ions ne>ly #b 94 ap>t1 ) small1 closely-set bri/les & /raight sp9es f 94 to l 94 long4 ,fl[]s produc$ 9 ,june on ! rip5$ jo9ts1 ne>ly #d 94 9 diamet]1 orange-yell[4 ,fruit #b 94 long1 v juicy1 b ( a s\r & disagreeable ta/e4 ,?is is an exceptionally f9e plant :5 all[$ suffici5t space to develop its enorm\s bran*es & jo9ts2 x is a native ( ! ,we/]n slopes ( ! ,cali=nian m\nta9s4 ,x %\ld be plant$ 9 a b$ ( r\gh1 /ony soil1 9 a dry gre5h\se4 ,possibly x is h>dy1 b x does n appe> to h be5 gr[n out ( doors 9 ,engl&4 ,o4 ,p>m5ti]i 7,p>m5ti]'s74--,/em erect4 ,jo9ts cyl9drical1 l little cucumb]s4 ,cu%ions ab\t #a 94 ap>t1 arrang$ 9 spiral r[s1 & compos$ ( %ort1 r$di% bri/les1 ) two or ?ree /raw-col\r$ sp9es1 #a 94 long4 ,fl[]s r$di%1 small4 ,! plant is a native ( ,p>aguay1 & is r>ely he>d ( 9 cultivation4 ,x requires /ove treatm5t4 ,o4 ,p>ryi 7,p>ry's74--,/em %ort4 ,jo9ts club-%ap$1 #d 94 to #f 94 long1 v sp9y1 ! cu%ions elevat$ on ridge-l tub]cles4 ,bri/les few1 co>se1 & long4 ,sp9es v num]\s1 v>y+ 9 l5g? f 94 to #a 942 c5tral "o 9 ea* cu%ion mu* ! broade/1 & flatt5$ l a knife-blade1 ! o!rs be+ m or less triangul>4 ,fl[]s yell[i%-gre51 on ! t]m9al jo9ts1 :i* are clo!d ) />-%ap$ clu/]s ( bri/le-l sp9es1 ! fl[]s spr++ f ! apex ( ! jo9t1 & measur+ #a 94 across4 ,a native ( ,mexico1 :]e x gr[s on gravelly pla9s4 ,?is di/9ct plant is 9 cultivation at ,kew1 9 a w>m gre5h\se1 b x has n yet fl[]$4 ,o4 ,raf9esquii 7,raf9esque's72 ,fig4 #hd4--;,a l[1 pro/rate1 spread+ plant1 seldom exce$+ #a ft4 9 height1 ! ma9 bran*es keep+ along ! gr\nd1 ! y\ng] ones be+ erect4 ,! latt] are compos$ ( flat1 obovate jo9ts1 #d 94 to #e 94 long by #c 94 9 wid?1 fre% gre5 9 col\r2 sp9es v few1 mo/ly only on ! upp] edge ( ! la/-made jo9ts1 s+le1 or sometimes two or ?ree f ea* sp9e-cu%ion1 #a 94 long1 /raight1 :iti%1 soon fall+ (f2 cu%ion compos$ ( v f9e r$di% bri/les & :iti% wool2 leaves v small1 fall+ e>ly4 ,! bran*es become cyl9drical & woody ) age4 ,fl[]s #b 94 to #d 94 9 diamet]1 bright sulphur-yell[1 ) a r$di% t9t 9 ! c5tre2 9 =m !y are l a %all[ cup1 ! num]\s /am5s occupy+ ! middle4 ,!y are produc$ 9 great abundance on ! m>g9s ( ! y\nge/ jo9ts1 z _m z fifty op5 fl[]s hav+ be5 c\nt$ on a s+le specim5 at "o "t4 ,fruit pe>-%ap$1 #a 94 to #b 94 long1 nak$1 edible1 some:at acid & sweeti%4 ,! fl[]+ season is f ,july to ,septemb]2 ! native c\ntry1 ,wiscons9 to ,k5tucky1 & we/w>d to ,arkansas & ,miss\ri4 ,?is species1 introduc$ ab\t tw5ty ye>s ago1 has only rec5tly be5 br\ght prom95tly be=e ,engli% g>d5]s4 ,x is a v ornam5tal & int]e/+ plant = outdoor cultivation1 & :5 once e/abli%$ gives no tr\ble4 ,= ! fir/ ye> or two aft] plant+ x requires wat*+1 z1 until ! basal jo9ts h>d5 & become woody1 !y are liable to rot 9 wet wea!r4 ,a l>ge-fl[]$ =m1 kn[n z gr&iflora1 is cultivat$ 9 ,am]ican g>d5s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hd4 ,,opuntia ,,raf9esquii4 ,o4 rosea 7rose-col\r$72 ,fig4 #he4--,/em erect1 bran*+ freely4 ,jo9ts v>y+ 9 l5g? f #b 94 to #f 941 n flatt5$1 ) ridge-l tub]cles1 be>+ on _! po9ts small cu%ions ( v f9e bri/les & tufts ( pale yell[i% sp9es ab\t 94 long1 & all po9t+ upw>ds4 ,fl[]s on ! ends ( ! rip5$ gr[?s ( ! ye>1 usually clu/]$1 #b 94 across1 bright rose-col\r$2 !y are develop$ 9 ,june4 ,a r>e species f ,brazil1 & "o :i*1 z ! illu/ration %[s1 is bo? di/9ct & h&some en\gh to be class$ among/ ! mo/ select4 ,x requires a /ove temp]ature4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #he4 ,,opuntia ,,rosea4 ,o4 ,salmiana 7,pr9ce ,salm-,dyck's74--,/em erect1 bran*+ freely1 ! bran*es at "r angles to ! /em4 ,jo9ts f #a 94 to #f 94 long1 cyl9drical1 smoo?1 94 9 diamet]1 clo!d ) small cu%ions ( s(t1 %ort bri/les1 & "o or two longi% sp9es4 ,fl[]s produc$ 9 ,septemb]1 #b 94 across1 yell[1 /reak$ ) r$1 ( %ort duration4 ,fruit egg-%ap$1 #a 94 long1 crimson4 ,?is species is a native ( ,brazil1 :5ce x 0 introduc$ 9 #ahej4 ,x requires to be gr[n 9 an int]m$iate h\se4 ,x is a *>m+ little ,cactus1 & q exceptional among ,opuntias 9 ! col\r & abundance ( its fl[]s1 & 9 ! ri* col\r ( its num]\s fruits1 :i* usually rema9 on ! plant sev]al mon?s4 ,! plant1 too1 has ! m]it ( keep+ dw>f & compact4 ,! small jo9ts sep>ate v easily f ! bran*es1 & e "o ( !m w root & gr[ into a plant4 ,!re is some?+ v rem>kable 9 ! developm5t ( ! fruits ( ?is k9d4 ,a small bran*1 or jo9t1 gr[s to its full l5g?1 & a fl[]-bud appe>s 9 ! apex4 ,if exam9$ at ?is /age1 x w be se5 t ! ov>y occupies only a v %all[ cavity 9 ! top ( ! bran*4 ,aft] fl[]+1 ?is ov>y gr[s into ! bran*1 & ultimately ! :ole bran* is trans=m$ into a pulpy fruit1 ) ! se$s scatt]$ all ?r\gh ! pulp4 ,?is peculi>ity is well %[n 9 ,o4 salmiana1 & ! developm5t ( ! fruit c be v easily wat*$4 ,_m ( ! small bran*es d n fl[]1 al?\gh !y *ange to a r$ col\r l ! fruits4 ,o4 sp9osissima 7v sp9y74--,/em erect1 woody4 ,jo9ts v flat & ?91 deep gre51 ovate or rotund1 f #f 94 to #a ft4 long4 ,cu%ions #a 94 ap>t4 ,bri/les v %ort4 ,sp9es 9 clu/]s ( ab\t five1 ! longe/ #b 94 9 l5g?1 br[ni%-yell[4 ,fl[]s r$di%-orange1 small1 usually only #b 94 across1 produc$ 9 ,june4 ,a native ( ,s\? ,am]ica2 naturalis$ 9 _m p>ts ( ! ,old ,_w4 ,! /em becomes cyl9drical ) age1 & sometimes is devoid ( bran*es = ab\t #e ft4 f ! gr\nd4 ,! plant requires /ove treatm5t4 ,probably ?is k9d is only a =m ( ,o4 ,tuna4 ,o4 subulata 7awl-%ap$74--,/em erect1 cyl9drical1 ev5 bel[1 *annell$ & tub]cl$ above1 ab\t #b 94 9 diamet]4 ,jo9ts long & bran*-l1 ) tufts ( %ort1 :ite hair on ! apices ( ! tub]cles1 & "o or two :ite1 ne$le-l sp9es f 94 to #a 94 long4 ,at ! base ( ea* tuft1 f ! apex to #a ft4 or m d[n ! y\ng] bran*es1 !re is a fle%y1 gre51 awl-%ap$ leaf1 f #b 94 to #e 94 long4 ,ultimately ! leaves & sp9es fall away1 ! tub]cles are levell$ d[n1 & ! mature /em is regul> & cyl9drical1 ) tufts ( :ite setae scatt]$ ov] x4 ,fl[]s small1 produc$ 9 spr+2 sepals #b 94 long1 gre51 decidu\s2 petals small1 dull purple1 usually ab\t eight 9 ea* fl[]4 ,fruit pe>-%ap$1 #d 94 long2 se$s v l>ge1 ne>ly 94 long & wide4 ,?is h&some ,s\? ,am]ican species 0 ! subject ( an int]e/+ communication to ! ,g>d5]s' ,*ronicle1 9 #ahhd1 f ,dr4 ,engelmann4 ,x _h previ\sly be5 kn[n z a ,p]eskia f ! fact ( its leaves be+ p]si/5t & v l>ge4 ,9 its leaves1 fl[]s1 & se$s1 ,o4 subulata is "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ ( ! g5us4 ,x is easily gr[n 9 a w>m gre5h\se1 & des]ves a place 9 all collections ( ,cactuses4 ,o4 ,tuna 7native "n72 ,fig4 #hf4--;,an erect-/emm$1 flat-jo9t$1 robu/-gr[+ species4 ,jo9ts ovate1 #d 94 to #i 94 long1 ) cu%ions #a 94 ap>t1 compos$ ( %ort1 fulv\s bri/les1 & sev]al long1 ne$le-%ap$1 unequal1 yell[i% sp9es4 ,fl[]s borne on ! upp] edges ( ! la/-rip5$ jo9ts1 #c 94 across1 r$di%-orange1 produc$ 9 ,july4 ,fruit ri* c>m9e1 ab\t #c 94 long1 pe>-%ap$4 ,! plant is a native ( ! ,we/ ,indies1 c41 & 0 introduc$ 9 #agca4 ,x has already be5 /at$1 "u ,o4 sp9osissima1 t !re is a close simil>ity betwe5 t species & ,o4 ,tuna4 ,we suspect1 also1 t ,o4 nigricans is ano!r ne> relation ( ^! two4 ,!y are mu* alike 9 all *>act]s1 & !y require ! same treatm5t4 ,o4 ,tuna has be5 se5 z mu* z #bj ft4 9 height4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hf4 ,,opuntia ,,tuna4 ,o4 tunicata 7coat$-sp9$74--,/em sub-erect1 cyl9drical4 ,jo9ts club-%ap$1 v>iable 9 l5g?1 ab\t #b 94 9 diamet]4 ,:5 "y ! surface is brok5 up into num]\s oblong tub]cles1 ea* be>+ a small cu%ion ( :iti%1 %ort hairs1 & ab\t half a doz5 :ite sp9es1 unequal 9 l5g?1 ! longe/ /\t1 & inclos$ 9 a h>d %ea?1 :i* becomes brok5 & ragg$ :5 old4 ,fl[]s n kn[n4 ,a native ( ,mexico1 & introduc$ 9 #ahdj4 ,x requires /ove treatm5t4 ,o4 vulg>is 7common72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #bcic4--;,a l[1 pro/rate1 spread+ plant4 ,jo9ts %ort1 oval1 flatt5$1 ?ick] ?an 9 ,o4 miss\ri5sis1 #c 94 long by ab\t #b 94 broad4 ,sp9e-cu%ions 94 ap>t2 tufts v small1 )1 occasionally1 a long sp9e4 ,leaves fle%y1 v small4 ,fl[]s #b 94 across1 pale sulphur-yell[4 ,fruits ne>ly smoo?1 #a 94 long1 br[n :5 ripe1 ) a /rong disagreeable od\r4 ,! fl[]s are produc$ freely 9 ,june4 ,! plant gr[s wild 9 ,mexico1 & ext5ds up to ,new ,york1 usually ne> ! coa/4 ,x is n[ common 9 _m p>ts ( ,europe1 :]e x has become naturalis$4 ,9 ,madeira x has tak5 possession ( all wa/e l&1 & is p]fectly at home !re4 ,9 ,engl& x 0 cultivat$ by ,g]>d ne>ly #cjj ye>s ago4 ,x gr[s rapidly if plant$ 9 /ony soil1 9 a position expos$ to full sun%9e1 :]e x w creep along ! gr\nd1 & root all along its /ems1 :i* r>ely get elevat$ m ?an #f 94 f ! gr\nd4 ,?is species & ,o4 ,ficus-indica are confus$ by "s au?ors1 ow+1 no d\bt1 to ! "n ,o4 vulg>is hav+ be5 giv5 by a botani/ to ! latt]1 :i* is a mu* l>g] & v diff]5t-look+ plant4 ,o4 vulg>is is capable ( )/&+ our w9t]s out ( doors4 ,o4 ,:ipplei 7,capta9 ,:ipple's74--,/em usually pro/rate1 ) sl5d]1 elongat$ bran*es1 :i* are cyl9drical :5 old1 brok5 up into %ort jo9ts :5 "y4 ,jo9ts v>y+ 9 l5g? f #b 94 to #a ft41 less ?an #a 94 9 diamet]4 ,cu%ions small1 r\nd4 ,sp9es :ite1 v>iable 9 numb]1 & arrang$ 9 tufts on ! ends ( ! tub]cles1 "o be+ #a 94 long1 ! o!rs %ort]4 ,fl[]s ne>ly #b 94 9 diamet]1 r$1 borne 9 a clu/] on ! ends ( ! la/-rip5$ jo9ts 9 ,june4 ,fruit #a 94 long1 ) a cavity 9 ! top4 ,a compact1 ,mexican species1 ) cr[d$ bran*es1 & v free-fl[]+4 ,x requires /ove treatm5t4 ,o4 ,:ipplei is relat$ to ,o4 arboresc5s1 f :i*1 h[ev]1 x is easily di/+ui%$ by ! latt] hav+ a /\t c5tral sp9e & num]\s radiat+ ones4 ,( ! #aej species ( ,opuntia kn[n1 ab\t "o-?ird h be5 select$ = description "h1 & among/ ^! w be f\nd all ! be/-m>k$ k9ds 9 ! g5us1 & mo/ ( ^? ( :i* we h any k4 ,botani/s f9d good specific *>act]s 9 ! size & /ructure ( ! se$s1 9 ! "* ( ! fruits1 c42 b = horticultural purposes ^! are ( little or no value4 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,! ,,g5us ,,p]eskia4 7,nam$ 9 hon\r ( ,ni*olas ,f4 ,p]esk1 a botani/ ( ,prov5ce47 ,! ?irte5 species includ$ 9 ! g5us ,p]eskia diff] s m>k$ly f all o!r k9ds ( ,cactus1 t at fir/ sight "o c sc>cely believe !y are true ,cactuses1 closely relat$ to ,c]eus & ,epiphyllum4 ,!y h erect or trail+ /ems & bran*es1 & usually =m d5se1 l>ge bu%es2 ! bran*es are woody & ?91 & be> l>ge1 laurel-l leaves1 :i* rema9 on ! plants sev]al ye>s--s t !y may be t]m$ ev]gre54 ,!y h1 h[ev]1 ! sp9e-cu%ions1 ! tufts ( woolly hair & /\t sp9es1 & ! floral *>act]s :i* di/+ui% ,cactuses f o!r plants2 !y are also succul5t1 ! leaves & "y bran*es be+ s(t & fle%y4 ,!y appe> to h ! same peculi> provision = enabl+ !m to be> long p]iods ( dr\ght )\t suff]+ t *>act]ises ! m famili> =ms ( ,cactuses4 ,! developm5t ( ! sp9es 9 ?is g5us is diff]5t f :at takes place 9 all o!r sp9y plants ( ?is ord]4 ,9 ! latt] ! sp9es are /\te/ & mo/ num]\s on ! y\ng] p>ts ( ! plant1 ! old] or woody p>ts be+ ei!r sp9eless1 ?r\gh hav+ ca/ !m1 or mu* less sp9y ?an :5 !y 7 y\ng]4 ,?us1 9 ,opuntia we f9d few or no sp9es on ! old p>ts ( ! /ems ( ev5 su* species z ,o4 horrida1 ,o4 nigricans1 c4 ,9 ,e*9ocactus1 too1 ! sp9es ab\t ! base ( old plants are mu* few]1 if n entirely ca/ (f1 ?an on ! upp] "p4 ,9 ,p]eskia ! contr>y is ! case4 ,tak+ ,p4 aculeata z an example1 ?is is be/ kn[n 9 g>d5s z hav+ bran*es ab\t z ?ick z a goose-quill1 ) ovate leaves1 at ! base ( :i* !re is a pair ( curv$ sp9es1 94 long1 & %ap$ l cats' claws4 ,b ?is plant :5 x gets old has a /em #c 94 9 diamet]1 & clo!d d[n to ! gr\nd ) cu%ions ( sp9es fix$ firmly 9 ! b>k1 ea* cu%ion compos$ ( f tw5ty to fifty sp9es1 & ea* sp9e #a 94 or m 9 l5g?4 ,f two to six new sp9es are develop$ 9 ! c5tre ( ea* heal?y cu%ion annually4 ,x w\ld be absolutely impossible = any animal to climb an old /em ( a ,p]eskia4 ,9 ,p4 ,bleo ! sp9es are #b 94 long1 & ! cu%ions are mu* l>g]4 ,! fl[]s ( ,p]eskias are borne s+ly or 9 panicles1 at ! ends ( ! "y1 rip5$ bran*es4 ,9 %ape1 ea* fl[] may be comp>$ to a s+le ,rose1 ! petals be+ flat & spread+1 & ! num]\s /am5s =m+ a compact clu/] 9 ! c5tre4 ,! /igma is erect1 & divid$ at ! top into f\r or m rays4 ,! fruit is a b]ry %ap$ l a ,gooseb]ry1 & cov]$ ) m9ute clu/]s ( %ort bri/les4 ,all ! species are f\nd 9 tropical ,am]ica & ! ,we/ ,indies4 ,cultivation4--,al?\gh sev]al ( ! k9ds ( ,p]eskia are suffici5tly ornam5tal to be des]v+ ( a place 9 g>d5s z fl[]+ plants1 yet !y are r>ely cultivat$--9 ,engl&1 at lea/ --= any o!r purpose ?an t ( =m+ /ocks ^u :i* ,epiphyllums & o!r ,cacti are graft$4 ,only two species are us$1 viz41 ,p4 aculeata & ,p4 ,bleo1 ! =m] be+ mu* ! m popul> ( ! two2 :il/ ,p4 ,bleo1 on acc\nt ( ! /\tness ( its /ems1 is employ$ = only ! mo/ robu/ k9ds ( grafts4 ,propagation4--,bo? ! above-nam$ species may be propagat$ to any ext5t1 z e bit ( bran* ) a leaf & eye atta*$ is capable ( root+ & soon =m+ a /ock4 ,! practice among ^? :o use ,p]eskias z /ocks = ,epiphyllums is z foll[s3 ,cutt+s ( ,p4 aculeata are plant$ 9 s&y soil1 9 boxes1 & plac$ on a %elf 9 a /ove till root$4 ,9 ab\t a mon? !y are ready to be plant$ s+ly 9 #c 94 pots1 any light soil be+ us$2 & ea* plant is fa/5$ to a /ake #a ft4 long4 ,!y are kept 9 a w>m1 moi/ h\se1 all lat]al %oots be+ cut away1 & ! lead] enc\rag$ to gr[ z tall z possible 9 ! ye>4 ,f ,decemb] ! plants are kept dry to induce ! wood to rip51 prep>atory to _! be+ us$ = graft+ 9 ,febru>y4 ,/ocks #i 94 or #a ft4 high are ?us =m$4 ,if tall] /ocks are requir$1 ! plants mu/ be gr[n on till ( ! requir$ l5g? & firmness4 ,l>ge plants may be tra9$ aga9/ a wall or along ! raft]s 9 a w>m h\se2 & :5 ( ! requir$ size1 ! bran*es may be spurr$ back1 & ,epiphyllums1 sl5d] ,c]euses1 & simil> plants1 graft$ ^u !m4 ,9 ?is way v f9e masses ( ! latt] may be obta9$ 9 mu* less "t ?an if !y 7 gr[n f small plants4 ,,species4 ,p4 aculeata 7prickly72 ,we/ ,indian or ,b>bados ,gooseb]ry4--,/em woody1 m or less erect1 bran*+ freely1 & =m+ a d5se bu% ab\t #f ft4 high4 ,"y bran*es leafy2 old ones br[n1 leafless1 clo!d ) l>ge cu%ions ( long1 /\t1 br[n sp9es1 sometimes #b 94 9 l5g?4 ,leaves alt]nate1 ) v %ort petioles1 at ! base ( :i* is a pair ( %ort sp9es1 & a small tuft ( wool 9 ! axil2 blade #c 94 long by #b 94 broad1 s(t1 fle%y1 %9+ gre54 ,fl[]s semi-transp>5t1 :ite1 9 t]m9al panicles2 sepals & petals 94 long by 94 wide2 /am5s 9 a l>ge1 spread+ clu/]1 :ite1 ) yell[ an!rs4 ,ov>y cov]$ ) small cu%ions ( %ort bri/les1 ) sometimes a solit>y sp9e 9 ! c5tre ( ea* cu%ion4 ,fruit #a 94 long1 egg-%ap$1 r$1 edible4 ,!re is a l>ge plant ( ?is 9 ! ,succul5t ,h\se at ,kew :i* fl[]s almo/ annually1 b x has nev] rip5$ fruits4 ,9 ! ,we/ ,indies x is a v common %rub1 :il/ at ! ,cape ( ,good ,hope x is us$ = f5ces--& a capital "o x makes4 ,p4 a4 rubesc5s 7r$di%74--,?is v>iety has n>r[]1 long] leaves1 :i* are glauc\s-gre5 above & t+$ ) r$ bel[2 ! sp9es on ! old /ems are %ort] & m num]\s 9 ea* cu%ion4 ,?is requires ! same treatm5t z ! type4 ,p4 ,bleo 7native "n72 ,fig4 #hg4--;,a /\t1 bran*+ %rub1 hav+ an erect /em1 #c 94 or m 9 diamet]1 ) gre5 b>k & v l>ge cu%ions ( sp9es2 cu%ion a r\nd1 h>d mass ( %ort1 woolly hair1 f :i* ! sp9es--ab\t fifty 9 ea* cu%ion--radiate 9 all directions2 longe/ sp9es #b 94 or m 9 l5g?2 "o or two new ones are develop$ annually1 & ^! are bright r$ :5 "y1 almo/ black :5 ripe2 "y bran*es 94 to 94 9 diamet]4 ,leaves 94 ap>t1 #c 94 to #f 94 long by #a 94 to #b 94 wide1 oblong1 po9t$1 ) %ort petioles1 & a small tuft ( %ort1 br[n hair1 ) ?ree or m r$di% sp9es1 9 ! axil ( ea*4 ,fl[]s on ! ends ( ! "y1 rip5$ bran*es1 clu/]$ 9 ! upp] leaf-axils1 ea* fl[] #b 94 across1 & compos$ ( a regul> circle ( rosy-r$ petals1 ) a clu/] ( :iti% /am5s 9 ! c5tre4 ,!y rema9 on ! plant sev]al weeks4 ,native ( ,new ,gr5ada4 ,probably ,p4 gr&iflora is ! same z ?is1 or a slightly diff]5t =m ( x4 ,a l>ge specim5 may be obta9$ 9 a ye> or two by plant+ x 9 a well-dra9$ b$ ( loam1 9 a w>m1 sunny h\se4 ,x blossoms almo/ all summ] if all[$ to make /rong gr[?4 ,pretty little fl[]+ plants may be _h by tak+ rip5$ gr[?s f an old plant1 & treat+ !m z cutt+s till root$4 ,9 ! foll[+ spr+ !y are almo/ c]ta9 to produce fl[]s4 ,plants #a ft4 high1 be>+ a clu/] ( fl[]s1 are ?us annually obta9$ at ,kew4 ,fig4 #hg repres5ts a %ort1 /unt$ bran*1 probably f a specim5 gr[n 9 a pot4 ,:5 plant$ out1 ! leaves & sp9e-cu%ions are f>!r ap>t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hg4 ,,p]eskia ,,bleo4 ,p4 z9niaeflora 7,z9nia-fl[]$72 ,fig4 #hh4--,/em erect1 woody1 bran*+ freely1 ! bran*es be>+ oval1 acum9ate1 fle%y1 wavy-edg$1 gre5 leaves1 ) %ort petioles1 & a pair ( sp9es 9 ! axil ( ea*4 ,sp9e-cu%ions on old /ems cr[d$ ) /\t1 br[n sp9es4 ,fl[]s rosy-r$1 t]m9al on ! rip5$ "y %oots1 & compos$ ( a :orl ( broad1 ov]lapp+ petals1 ) a clu/] ( /am5s 9 ! c5tre1 ! :ole measur+ ne>ly #b 94 across4 ,?is species is a native ( ,mexico2 x gr[s & fl[]s freely if kept 9 a w>m h\se4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hh4 ,,p]eskia ,,z9niaeflora4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,! ,,g5us ,,rhipsalis4 7,f rhips1 a will[-bran*2 ref]r+ to ! flexible1 w&-l bran*es ( "s ( ! k9ds47 ,ab\t ?irty species ( ,rhipsalis are kn[n1 mo/ ( !m m peculi> ?an ornam5tal1 al?\gh ev]yone is 9 "s way int]e/+4 ,!y are rem>kable = ! great v>iety 9 =m & habit pres5t$ by ! diff]5t k9ds1 "s ( !m mu* less resembl+ ,cactuses ?an o!r plants4 ,?us1 9 ,r4 ,cassy?a1 ! long1 fle%y1 :ip-l bran*es & :ite b]ries are v simil> to ,mi/letoe2 ,r4 salicornoides1 ) its leafless1 knotty bran*es1 resembles a ,salicornia1 or ,m>% ,samphire2 ano!r is l a ,mesembryan!mum2 & s on4 ,! fl[]s are usually small1 & compos$ ( num]\s l9e> sepals & petals1 arrang$ m or less l a />1 ) a clu/] ( ?9 /am5s 9 ! c5tre1 & an erect1 ray$ /igma4 ,9 ! flat-jo9t$ k9ds1 ! fl[]s are develop$ s+ly1 9 not*es along ! m>g9s ( ! "y1 rip5$ jo9ts2 9 ! knott$1 ,samphire-l k9ds1 !y are borne on ! ends ( ! bran*es2 & 9 ^? ) %ort1 fle%y1 leaf-l jo9ts1 !y are usually plac$ on :at appe> to be fl[]-jo9ts4 ,al?\gh ! bran*es ( ^! plants are usually altoge!r unlike ! re/ ( ! ,ord]1 yet occasionally !y develop jo9ts :i* are furr[$1 & be> clu/]s ( sp9es exactly z 9 ! common] =ms ( ,cactuses4 ,! geographical di/ribution ( ,rhipsalis is exceptional4 ,x is ! only g5us ( ,cactuses t has repres5tatives 9 ! ,old ,_w1 exclud+1 ( c\rse1 ^? :i* h be5 introduc$ by man4 ,! bulk ( ! k9ds ( ,rhipsalis occur 9 ,c5tral & ,s\? ,am]ica1 & ! ,we/ ,indies2 b "o--viz41 ,r4 ,cassy?a--is also f\nd 9 ,africa1 ,mauritius1 ,madagasc>1 & ,ceylon1 z well z 9 tropical ,am]ica4 ,sev]al o!r species are f\nd 9 ,madagasc>1 "s ( !m only rec5t discov]ies4 ,! occurr5ce ( simil> or ev5 id5tical plants 9 tropical ,am]ica & ,madagasc> has its analogy 9 ! ,animal ,k+dom z repres5t$ 9 ! two c\ntries4 ,cultivation4--,all ! species appe> to gr[ well & fl[] freely "u cultivation1 ! sl[e/ gr[] be+1 p]haps1 ,r4 s>m5tacea4 ,9 _! natural homes !y are inv>iably f\nd ei!r on trees or rocks1 seldom or nev] on ! gr\nd2 b 9 gre5h\ses !y may be gr[n 9 pots1 a few be+ happie/ :5 susp5d$ ne> ! glass4 ,!y d n l bright sun%9e1 nor %\ld !y be kept 9 a v %ad$1 moi/ position4 ,!re is a good collection ( k9ds 9 ! ,succul5t-h\se at ,kew4 ,propagation4--,se$s ( ,rhipsalis rip5 freely1 & ^!1 if s[n on s&y soil1 & plac$ on a %elf 9 a w>m h\se1 g]m9ate 9 a few days4 ,! developm5t ( ! se$l+s is exceptionally int]e/+1 z ! vegetative organs ( all ! k9ds are v simil>1 & ,cactus-l2 ! gradual transition f ?is "* to ! div]se =ms :i* _m ( ! species assume :5 mature is q ph5om5al4 ,cutt+s w /rike at almo/ any "t1 if plant$ 9 s&y soil & kept 9 a close1 w>m h\se till root$4 ,"s ( ! k9ds ?rive be/ :5 graft$ on to a ?9-/emm$ ,c]eus4 ,treat$ 9 ?is way1 ,r4 s>m5tacea makes #f 94 ( gr[? 9 a season2 :]eas1 on its own roots x w\ld take ab\t five ye>s to gr[ z mu*4 ,! foll[+ is a selection ( ! species cultivat$ 9 g>d5s4 ,! g5us ,lepismium is n[ includ$ 9 ,rhipsalis4 ,,species4 ,r4 ,cassy?a 7d]ivation n kn[n74--,a p5d5t %rub1 #d ft4 or m high1 gr[+ on rocks & ! mossy trunks ( trees4 ,bran*es num]\s1 flexu\s1 ) small bran*lets or jo9ts spr++ f ! ends 9 clu/]s1 smoo?1 r\nd1 ! ?ickness ( :ipcord1 leafless1 ) num]\s br[n1 dot-l m>ks scatt]$ ov] ! surface2 "u a l5s ^! dots are se5 to be tufts ( v f9e hairs4 ,fl[]s on ! sides ( ! "y bran*es1 small1 gre5i%-:ite1 %ort-liv$2 !y are develop$ 9 ,septemb]1 & are succe$$ by :ite b]ries1 exactly l ^? ( ! ,mi/letoe1 :5ce ! "n ,mi/letoe ,cactus1 by :i* ?is species is kn[n4 ,an int]e/+ & easily-gr[n w>m gre5h\se plant1 native ( tropical ,am]ica1 ,africa1 c4 ,x 0 introduc$ 9 #ageh4 ,r4 commune 7common72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #cgfc4--,/em /raggl+1 bran*+ freely1 gr[+ to a l5g? ( sev]al feet4 ,bran*es jo9t$2 jo9ts v>y+ 9 l5g?1 triangul>1 ! angles compress$1 & not*$ along ! m>g9s2 not*es regul>1 & be>+ tufts ( :iti% hair4 ,/rong plants produce jo9ts ov] #a 94 9 wid?4 ,fl[]s :ite1 t+$ ) purple1 spr++ s+ly f ! not*es1 & compos$ ( eight to twelve sepals & petals4 ,/am5s & /igma erect1 :ite1 ! latt] f\r-ray$4 ,?is species is a native ( ,brazil1 & 0 introduc$ 9 #ahcj2 ,fl[]+-season1 ,octob] to ,decemb]4 ,x may be gr[n 9 a w>m gre5h\se1 & treat$ z a basket-plant or z a small pot-%rub4 ,syn4 ,lepismium commune4 ,r4 crispata 7curl$74--,/em bran*+ freely4 ,bran*es jo9t$ & flat1 l ,epiphyllum4 ,m>g9s ( jo9ts not*$1 & slightly curl$4 ,fl[]s small1 :ite1 produc$ s+ly1 9 ,novemb] & ,decemb]1 9 ! not*es on ! y\ng] jo9ts4 ,fruits :ite1 pea-l1 r r>ely rip5$4 ,a free-gr[+1 compact /ove %rub1 ) a bright gre51 heal?y appe>ance4 ,! simil>ity ( its bran*es to ,epiphyllum l$ to its be+ includ$ 9 t g5us by ,hawor?4 ,r4 c4 purpurea 7purple74--,?is v>iety has l>g]1 broad] jo9ts1 :i* are bronzy-purple 9 col\r4 ,r4 fasciculata 7clu/]-bran*$72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #cjgi4--,/ems t]ete1 z ?ick z a goose-quill4 ,bran*es usually 9 clu/]s1 & sometimes jo9t$1 gre51 ) small r$ dots & little tufts ( f9e1 hair-l bri/les4 ,fl[]s :ite1 produc$ 9 ,m>*1 spr++ irregul>ly f ! old] bran*es1 small1 />-l4 ,fruit a :ite b]ry4 ,f its habit ( gr[+ on trees1 & ! "* ( its /ems & fruit1 ?is plant has be5 call$ p>asitical4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 only indebt$ to ! tree on :i* is gr[s = moi/ure1 = x ?rives if plant$ 9 a pot or basket 9 ord9>y soil1 & kept 9 a /ove temp]ature4 ,x is a native ( ,brazil1 & 0 introduc$ 9 #ahca4 ,r4 floccosa 7woolly74--,/ems z 9 ,r4 ,cassy?a1 b ?ick]1 long]1 & ) ! bran*lets 9 compact clu/]s on ! ends ( ! long1 ar*+ bran*es4 ,! dots m>k+ ! position ( ! microscopic hair-tufts are 9 small depressions4 ,fl[]s & fruit z 9 ,r4 ,cassy?a1 ( :i* ?is might reasonably be call$ a v>iety4 ,?is species requires w>m-h\se temp]ature4 ,r4 funalis 7cord-l72 ,fig4 #hi4--,/em /raggl+1 bran*$4 ,bran*es num]\s1 compos$ ( long1 t]ete jo9ts1 r ?ick] ?an a goose-quill1 glauc\s-gre51 slightly r\gh5$ on ! surface1 ) depressions = ! dot-l cu%ions4 ,bran*lets usually fascicl$ & spread+4 ,fl[]s :ite1 produc$ 9 spr+1 on ! sides ( ! "y jo9ts1 #a 94 across1 l>ge = ! g5us4 ,introduc$ f ,c5tral ,am]ica ab\t #ahcj4 ,an easily-gr[n plant1 /urdy1 r /raggl+1 b v free-fl[]+4 ,9 old specim5s ! bran*es become semi-p5dul\s4 ,x gr[s be/ :5 kept 9 a w>m h\se4 ,syn4 ,r4 gr&iflora4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hi4 ,,rhipsalis ,,funalis4 ,r4 ,h\lletii 7,h\llet's72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #fjhi4--,/ems long1 graceful1 bran*+ freely1 r\nd & twig-l1 or ) broad w+s1 z 9 ,phyllocactus4 ,w+$ or flatt5$ portions not*$1 & be>+ a fl[] 9 ea* not*4 ,fl[]s /alkless1 ) po9t$1 /raw-col\r$ petals1 =m+ a %all[ cup ab\t 94 across ! top4 ,/am5s & pi/il :ite1 ) a t+e ( r$ at ! base4 ,fl[]+-season1 ,novemb]4 ,"u cultivation1 ?is ,brazilian species =ms a small1 /raggl+ %rub1 ab\t #c ft4 high1 b 9 its native woods its /ems are _m feet long1 & p5dul\s f ! bran*es ( trees4 ,x may be gr[n 9 a w>m h\se1 9 a pot1 & its bran*es support$ by a /ake2 or its l[] /ems may be fa/5$ aga9/ a piece ( s(t f]n-/em1 into :i* its num]\s /em-roots p5etrate freely4 ,9 ! w9t] x %\ld be kept almo/ dry4 ,! fl[]s rema9 fre% = sev]al days1 & are fragrant4 ,a well-gr[n plant1 :5 9 fl[]1 is an int]e/+ & pretty object4 ,x is ! mo/ ornam5tal k9d4 ,r4 ,knightii 7,knight's74--,/ems & jo9ts z 9 ,r4 commune4 ,w+s ( jo9ts usually broad1 ) r$ m>g9s1 & ! hair 9 ! not*es 9 a d5se tuft1 ne>ly #a 94 long1 pure :ite1 & silk-l4 ,fl[]s small1 :ite4 ,?is species1 :i* ?rives be/ "u w>m-h\se treatm5t1 is a native ( ,brazil1 & is usually gr[n only = its curi\s1 ,c]eus-l /ems4 ,x =ms a /raggl+ plant ab\t #a ft4 high4 ,syn4 ,lepismium ,knightii1 ,c]eus ,knightii4 ,r4 mesembryan!moides 7,mesembryan!mum-l72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #c,o#gh4--;,a small1 compact plant1 ) woody /ems1 d5sely cov]$ ) little fle%y1 conical jo9ts1 resembl+ v closely ! leaves ( "s ( ! ,mesembryan!mums4 ,!y are gre51 ) a few r$ dots1 ea* be>+ a v small tuft ( ! f9e/ hair-l sp9es4 ,! fl[]s are develop$ 9 ,m>*1 f ! sides ( ! small jo9ts2 !y are 94 across1 & yell[i%-:ite4 ,fruit a small1 :ite1 r\nd b]ry4 ,native ( ,s\? ,am]ica1 :5ce x 0 introduc$ 9 #ahca4 ,:5 gr[n 9 a w>m h\se1 9 a small1 r\nd1 wire basket1 fill$ ) peat & sphagnum1 ?is little ,cactus =ms a pretty tuft1 :i* 9 ! spr+ produces l>ge numb]s ( :ite1 />-l fl[]s4 ,r4 myosurus 7m\se-tail$72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #cgee4--,/ems dep5d5t1 sev]al feet long1 bran*+ freely1 jo9t$1 ) ?ree or f\r angles or w+s2 ! angles flatt5$1 r$di%1 not*$ 9 ! m>g91 & be>+ a tuft ( :ite1 silky hairs 9 ea* not*4 ,fl[]s small1 yell[1 t+$ ) r$1 spr++ f ! not*es2 produc$ 9 ,july4 ,fruit n se54 ,a native ( ,brazil2 introduc$ 9 #ahci4 ,?is species resembles "s ( ! angul>-/emm$ k9ds ( ,c]eus4 ,x gr[s freely & fl[]s annually1 if plant$ 9 a basket ( fibr\s soil1 & susp5d$ ne> ! glass 9 a w>m gre5h\se or /ove4 ,x is attractive ev5 :5 n 9 fl[]1 ow+ to ! =m ( its /ems & ! tufts ( long1 silky1 :ite hair :i* spr+ f ! not*es4 ,syn4 ,lepismium myosurus4 ,r4 pa*ypt]a 7?ick-w+$72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #bhbj4--,/em woody2 bran*es jo9t$1 flatt5$ z 9 ,phyllocactus1 ) deep not*es2 wid? ( jo9ts1 #b 94 or m4 ,fl[]s small1 yell[i%-:ite1 borne s+ly 9 ! not*es 9 ,novemb]4 ,fruit a small1 :ite b]ry1 r>ely rip5$4 ,a /urdy1 comp>atively un9t]e/+ /ove plant1 introduc$ f ,brazil 9 #ahcj4 ,syn4 ,cactus alatus4 ,r4 p>adoxa 7p>adoxical74--,/ems trail+1 ) num]\s long bran*es ( mo/ extraord9>y =m4 ,imag9e a ?ree-angl$1 fle%y bran*1 (t5 sev]al feet 9 l5g?1 ! angles w+$1 ab\t 94 deep1 gre51 ) smoo?1 r$di% m>g9s4 ,at int]vals ( ab\t #b 94 ! bran* has ! appe>ance ( hav+ be5 twi/$ half r\nd4 ,!re is no o!r plant ) bran*es any?+ l ^!4 ,fl[]s produc$ 9 ,novemb]1 9 ! apex ( ! int]rupt$ angles1 small1 :ite4 ,fruit seldom rip5$4 ,a native ( ,brazil1 :5ce x 0 introduc$ 9 #ahcg4 ,!re is a f9e example ( ?is tra9$ along a raft] 9 ! ,succul5t-h\se at ,kew4 ,! num]\s bran*es hang d[n sev]al feet f ! raft]1 & h a mo/ extraord9>y appe>ance4 ,?is species requires /ove treatm5t4 ,r4 p5duliflora 7p5dul\s-fl[]$74--,a small1 ?9-/emm$ plant1 ) smoo?1 gre5 bran*es1 no ?ick] ?an :ipcord1 & num]\s fascicl$ or clu/]$1 small jo9ts1 94 long1 gre51 ) r$ dots1 angul> :5 "y4 ,fl[]s on ! tips ( ! t]m9al jo9ts1 pale yell[1 94 across1 develop+ 9 ,augu/4 ,fruit :ite1 ,mi/letoe-l4 ,?is species 0 introduc$ f tropical ,am]ica 9 #ahgg1 & requires /ove treatm5t4 ,r4 p4 laxa 7loose74--,?is v>iety has ! bran*es curv+1 & m p5dul\s2 9 o!r respects x resembles ! type1 & requires ! same treatm5t4 ,r4 p5tapt]a 7five-w+$74--,/ems erect2 bran*es /iff1 long-jo9t$1 ) five w+-l angles1 slightly spiral1 ! angles not*$ at int]vals ( #a 94 ,fl[]s 9 ! not*es1 94 across1 :ite1 produc$ 9 ,augu/4 ,fruit a :ite1 ,mi/letoe-l b]ry4 ,a curi\s plant f ,brazil1 & introduc$ 9 #ahcf4 ,9 /ove temp]ature x =ms a compact pot-%rub1 #b ft4 high1 & is wor? gr[+ on acc\nt ( its s+ul> /ems4 ,r4 rhombea 7diamond-bran*$74--,/ems & bran*es z 9 ,r4 crispata1 b )\t ! wavy m>g9s1 & ) m elongat$ jo9ts4 ,fl[]s small1 :ite1 produc$ 9 ! not*es ( ! jo9ts 9 ,novemb]4 ,fruit a %9+1 milk-:ite b]ry4 ,a compact plant f ,brazil1 wor? gr[+ = its bright gre51 leaf-l /ems4 ,x %\ld be gr[n 9 pots1 9 /ove temp]ature1 & enc\rag$ to =m a globose bu%4 ,r4 ,saglionis 7,saglio's72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #djci4--;,a t9y plant1 simil> 9 habit to ,r4 p5duliflora1 b ) br[n bran*es1 ! small jo9ts angl$1 & be>+ silky hairs4 ,! bran*es & jo9ts are set at zigzag angles4 ,fl[]s pale yell[1 produc$ 9 autumn on ! y\ng] jo9ts4 ,fruits :ite1 ,mi/letoe-l4 ,a small1 delicate plant f ,bu5os ,ayres1 n m ?an #f 94 high4 ,?is species requires /ove treatm5t4 ,r4 salicornoides 7,glasswort-l72 ,bot4 ,mag4 #bdfa4--,/em woody :5 old1 br[n1 jo9t$ l h5s' toes1 n q z ?ick z a goose-quill4 ,bran*es 9 clu/]s2 jo9ts 94 to #a 94 long1 ! l[] half mu* ?9n] ?an ! upp]1 s t ! jo9ts look l a numb] ( sup]pos$1 m9iature clubs4 ,fl[]s pretty1 on ! ends ( ! t]m9al jo9ts1 yell[1 becom+ r$ ) age4 ,an erect plant1 #c ft4 or m high1 introduc$ f ,brazil 9 #ahcj4 ,! jo9ts are clu/]$ on ! upp] "p ( ! /em4 ,:5 9 fl[] 9 spr+ ?is is an attractive & v rem>kable-look+ plant4 ,x ?rives be/ 9 /ove temp]ature4 ,r4 s4 /ricta 7/raight74--,?is v>iety has ! jo9ts all po9t+ upw>ds1 & is mu* m compact ?an ! type4 ,r4 s>m5tacea 7runn]-/emm$72 ,fig4 #ij4--;,a creep+1 pro/rate plant1 ) r\nd /ems z ?ick z a goose-quill1 & atta*+ !mselves to tree-trunks or o!r bodies by means ( num]\s adv5titi\s roots1 :i* spr+ f ! "u side ( ! /ems4 ,surface ( /em furr[$1 & cov]$ ) num]\s small clu/]s ( %ort1 hair-l1 :iti% sp9es4 ,fl[]s #a 94 across1 spr++ f ! sides ( ! /ems1 ) po9t$1 creamy-:ite petals2 /am5s spread+2 /igma erect1 f\r-lob$4 ,fruit small1 currant-l4 ,?is is a pretty little species1 introduc$ f ,brazil 9 #aheh2 x is1 h[ev]1 a v sl[ gr[]1 plants t5 ye>s old be+ only a few in*es 9 diamet]4 ,x %\ld be gr[n 9 /ove temp]ature1 9 a basket ( peat fibre1 or1 bett] /ill1 on a piece ( s(t f]n-/em4 ,x is always f\nd on ! bran*es or trunks ( trees :5 gr[+ wild4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ij4 ,,rhipsalis ,,s>m5tacea4 ,r4 ,sw>tziana 7,sw>tz's74--,old] /ems ?ree-angl$1 "y ones flatt5$1 jo9t$2 jo9ts #b 94 broad1 /iff ) deep not*es4 ,fl[]s 9 ! not*es1 small1 :ite1 produc$ 9 ,june4 ,?is species is a native ( ,jamaica1 & 0 introduc$ 9 #ahaj4 ,a /iff1 ungraceful plant1 ab\t #b ft4 high1 v simil> 9 its bran*es to a ,phyllocactus4 ,?is species requires ! temp]ature ( a /ove4 ,r4 trigona 7triangul>74--,habit /raggl+2 bran*es usually 9 =ks1 94 9 diamet]1 ?ree-angl$2 angles wavy or slightly not*$1 grey-gre54 ,fl[]s small1 produc$ 9 spr+ 9 ! not*es ( ! angles1 :ite4 ,fruit a :ite b]ry4 ,a ?91 ,brazilian plant1 n unlike a ,lepismium1 b )\t ! silky hairs 9 ! not*es ( ! angles4 ,?is species also requires to be gr[n 9 /ove temp]ature4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,temp]atures4 ,to enable gr[]s to make a selection ( species accord+ to ! accommodation t c be af=d$ = ,cactuses1 all t are describ$ 9 ?is book are "h classifi$ 9 ?ree gr\ps3 7#a7 ,species :i* ?rive 9 a cool-h\se or frame2 7#b7 ,species :i* c only be successfully gr[n 9 a w>m h\se or /ove2 & 7#c7 ,species :i* are h>dy 9 ! m fav\r$ portions ( ! ,unit$ ,k+dom4 ,,cool-,,h\se ,,or ,,frame4 ,temp]ature3 ,summ]1 t ( ! op5 air4 ,temp]ature3 ,w9t]--day1 #ej deg4 to #fj deg42 night1 #dj deg4 to #de deg4 ,c]eus ,b]l&i]i4 ,blankii4 caespitosus4 cirrhif]us4 ct5oides4 enneacan?us4 flagelli=mis4 ,leeanus4 leptacan?us4 multiplex4 paucisp9us4 p5talophus4 polyacan?us4 procumb5s4 r$uctus4 ,c]eus speciosissimus ,e*9ocactus brevihamatus c5tet]ius4 c9nab>9us4 ,cumm+ii4 e*idne4 ,emoryi4 gibbosus4 hexa$rophorus4 ,leeanus4 ,mackieanus4 mamill>ioides4 rhodoph?almus4 tex5sis4 unc9atus4 ,e*9ocactus viridesc5s4 ,e*9opsis1 all ! k9ds4 ,mamill>ia atrata4 *loran?a4 dasyacan?a4 elegans4 elephantid5s4 elongata4 fissurata4 floribunda4 gracilis4 longimamma4 macrom]is4 macro!le4 multiceps4 phellosp]ma4 ,s*elhasii4 ,s*i$eana4 ,mamill>ia semp]viva4 /ella-aurata4 tub]culosa4 unc9ata4 viridis4 ,wildiana4 ,zuc*>9iana4 ,opuntia arboresc5s4 aurantiaca4 corrugata4 cyl9drica4 ,davisii4 ,engelmanni4 ,ficus-indica4 hy/ric9a4 macrorhiza occid5talis4 ,,w>m-,,h\se ,,or ,,/ove4 ,x is possible t "s ( ^? includ$ 9 ?is division w ev5tually prove h>di] ?an is at pres5t suppos$4 ,_m ( ! species n[ class$ z cool-h\se plants1 & ev5 "s ( ^? :i* are h>dy1 7 =m]ly gr[n 9 ! /ove4 ,temp]ature3 ,summ]-day1 #gj deg4 to #ij deg42 night1 #fe deg4 to #ge deg4 ,temp]ature3 ,w9t]-day1 #fj deg4 to #gj deg42 night1 #ee deg4 to #fj deg4 ,c]eus ca]ulesc5s4 ext5sus4 fulgidus4 giganteus4 gr&iflorus4 ,lemairii4 ,macdonaldiae4 ,mallisoni4 ,napoleonis4 nycticalus4 p]uvianus4 pleiogonus4 rep&us4 s]p5t9us4 ,roy5i4 triangul>is4 v>iabilis4 ,e*9ocactus conc9nus4 coptonogonus4 ,e*9ocactus cornig]us4 corynodes4 cyl9draceus4 ,haynii4 horizon?alonis4 ,le ,contei4 longihamatus4 mamillosus4 multiflorus4 myrio/igma4 obvallatus4 ,ottonis4 pect9if]us4 polycephalus4 ,pottsii4 scopa4 s9uatus4 t5uisp9us4 turb9i=mis4 ,e*9ocactus ,visnaga4 ,williamsii4 ,wisliz5i4 ,epiphyllum1 all ! k9ds4 ,leu*t5b]gia4 ,mamill>ia1 all n m5tion$ "u ,cool-h\se ,or ,frame4 ,melocactus1 all ! k9ds4 ,opuntia1 all n includ$ "u ,cool-h\se or ,frame4 ,pelecyphora4 ,p]eskia1 all ! k9ds4 ,phyllocactus1 ,piloc]eus1 ,rhipsalis1 ,,outdoor4 ,! foll[+ may be gr[n out ( doors 9 ! m fav\r$ p>ts ( ,engl&4 ,= directions z to culture1 see ! *apt] on ,cultivation 3-- ,c]eus ,f5dl]i4 ,e*9ocactus ,simpsoni4 ,mamill>ia vivip>a4 ,opuntia bra*y>?ra4 ,opuntia miss\ri5sis4 ,raf9esquii4 ,r4 arkansana4 vulg>is4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,deal]s ,,9 ,,cactuses4 ,! difficulty exp]i5c$ by amateurs 9 procur+ plants ( _m k9ds ( ,cactus has sugge/$ to u t a li/ ( "s ( ! pr9cipal deal]s 9 ^! plants w\ld prove ( s]vice to ,engli% gr[]s4 ,s f> z we "k1 !re is no nurs]yman 9 ,engl& :o makes a specialty ( ,cactuses4 ,plants ( su* well-kn[n g5]a z ,epiphyllum1 ,phyllocactus1 & ,c]eus 9 "p1 may be obta9$ 9 ,engl&1 b = a collection ( repres5tative k9ds we mu/ p]=ce apply to ,cont95tal nurs]ym54 ,! mo/ reliable ( ^! = ,cactuses are3 ,,g]many4 ,messrs4 ,,haage ,,s*midt1 ,erfurt4 ,h]r ,f4 ,a4 ,,haage1 ,junior1 ,erfurt4 ,messrs4 ,m,,ll] ,,saub]1 ,kassel1 ,hanov]4 ,h]r ,h4 ,,hildmann1 ,orani5burg1 ,br&5burg4 ,h]r ,,ern/ ,,b]ge1 ,leipsic4 ,,france4 ,m4 ,,eb]le1 ,av5ue de ,/4 ,ou51 #adf1 ,p>is4 ,m4 ,,jam91 ,rue ,lafonta9e1 #db1 ,/4 ,ou51 ,p>is4 ,,belgium4 ,m4 ,,l\is ,,de ,,smet1 ,l$eb]g1 ,gh5t4 ,m4 ,,bettes1 ,borg]hont1 ,antw]p4 ,m4 ,f4 ,,v]muel51 ,rue ,van ,peet1 ,antw]p4 ,,am]ica4 ,mr4 ,c4 ,,runge1 ,san ,antonio1 ,texas4 ,messrs4 ,,reason] ,,bro!rs1 ,florida4 ,,species ,,index ,species are li/$ alphabetically accord+ to ,watson's nom5clature4 ,! "n7s7 t is m likely to be recognis$ by mod]n read]s is li/$ 9 brackets4 ,i h us$ ,&]son's book--,! ,cactus ,family 7,timb] ,press1 #bjja7--;z my ma9 guide4 ,monographs by ,craig & by ,pilbeam 7 invaluable 9 id5tify+ ',mamill>ias'4 99 ,plants illu/rat$ 9 ! text4 ,c]eus ,b]l&i]i 7,e*9oc]eus b]l&i]i7 99 ,c]eus ,blankii 7,e*9oc]eus b]l&i]i7 99 ,c]eus ca]ulesc5s 7,c]eus ae?iops7 ,c]eus caespitosus 7,e*9oc]eus rei*5ba*ii ssp4 caespitosus7 99 ,c]eus cirrhif]us 7,e*9oc]eus c9]asc5s7 ,c]eus ct5oides 7,e*9oc]eus dasyacan?us7 99 ,c]eus enneacan?us 7,e*9oc]eus enneacan?us799 ,c]eus ext5sus 7,sel5ic]eus sp487 ,c]eus ,f5dl]i 7,e*9oc]eus f5dl]i7 ,c]eus flagelli=mis 7,aporocactus 7,disocactus7 flagelli=mis7 ,c]eus fulgidus 7,gymnocalycium gibbosum7 ,c]eus giganteus 7,c>negiea gigantea7 99 ,c]eus gr&iflorus 7,sel5ic]eus gr&iflorus7 ,c]eus ,leeanus 7,e*9oc]eus polyacan?us7 ,c]eus ,lemairii 7,hyloc]eus lemairei7 ,c]eus leptacan?us 7,e*9oc]eus p5talophus799 ,c]eus ,macdonaldiae 7,sel5ic]eus macdonaldiae7 ,c]eus ,mallisoni 7,x ,helioporus smi?ii7 ,c]eus multiplex 7,e*9opsis oxygona7 99 ,c]eus multiplex cri/atus 7,e*9opsis oxygona fa4 cri/ata7 99 ,c]eus ,napoleonis 7,hyloc]eus trigonus7 ,c]eus nycticalus 7,sel5ic]eus pt]an?us7 99 ,c]eus paucisp9us 7,e*9oc]eus cocc9eus ssp4 paucisp9us7 ,c]eus p5talophus 7,e*9oc]eus p5talophus7 ,c]eus p]uvianus 7,c]eus rep&us7 ,c]eus pleiogonus 7,e*9oc]eus sp4--no long] id5tifiable799 ,c]eus polyacan?us 7,e*9oc]eus polyacan?us7 ,c]eus procumb5s 7,e*9oc]eus p5talophus ssp4 procumb5s7 99 ,c]eus r$uctus 7,hybrid ) ,sel5ic]eus sp4 z "o probable p>5t7 ,c]eus rep&us 7,c]eus rep&us7 99 ,c]eus ,roy5i 7,pilosoc]eus roy5ii7 ,c]eus s]p5t9us 7,p5ioc]eus 7,nyctoc]eus7 s]p5t9us7 99 ,c]eus speciosissimus 7,disocactus speciosus7 ,c]eus triangul>is 7,hyloc]eus triangul>is7 ,c]eus v>iabilis 7,acan?oc]eus tetragonus7 ,e*9ocactus brevihamatus 7,p>odia 7,notocactus7 alacriportana ssp4 brevihamata7 ,e*9ocactus c5tet]ius 7,eriosyce 7,neoport]ia7 curvisp9a--possibly87 ,e*9ocactus c9nab>9us 7,e*9opsis 7,lobivia7 c9nab>9a7 ,e*9ocactus conc9nus 7,p>odia 7,notocactus7 conc9na7 99 ,e*9ocactus coptonogonus 7,/5ocactus 7,e*9(ossulocactus7 coptonogonus7 99 ,e*9ocactus cornig]us 7,f]ocactus latisp9us7 99 ,e*9ocactus corynodes 7,p>odia 7,notocactus7 sell[ii7 99 ,e*9ocactus crispatus 7,/5ocactus 7,e*9(ossulocactus7 crispatus7 99 ,e*9ocactus ,cumm+ii 7,rebutia 7,we+>tia7 neocumm+ii7 ,e*9ocactus cyl9draceus 7,f]ocactus cycl9draceus 7acan?odes77 ,e*9ocactus e*idne 7,f]ocactus e*idne7 ,e*9ocactus ,emoryi 7,f]ocactus emoryi7 99 ,e*9ocactus gibbosus 7,gymnocalycium gibbosus7 ,e*9ocactus ,haynii 7,matucana haynei7 99 ,e*9ocactus hexa$rophorus 7,!locactus hexa$rophorus7 99 ,e*9ocactus horizon?alonis 7,e*9ocactus horizon?alonius7 99 ,e*9ocactus ,le ,contei 7,f]ocactus cycl9draceus 7acan?odes7 ssp4 lecontei7 99 ,e*9ocactus ,leeanus 7,gymnocalycium leeanum7 ,e*9ocactus longihamatus 7,f]ocactus hamatacan?us7 99 ,e*9ocactus ,mackieanus 7,gymnocalycium mackieanum7 ,e*9ocactus mamill>ioides 7,eriosyce 7,neoport]ia7 curvisp9a--possibly87 ,e*9ocactus mamillosus 7,e*9opsis mamillosa7 ,e*9ocactus multiflorus 7,gymnocalycium monvillei7 ,e*9ocactus myrio/igma 7,a/rophytum myrio/igma7 99 ,e*9ocactus obvallatus 7,/5ocactus 7,e*9(ossulocactus7 obvallatus7 99 ,e*9ocactus ,ottonis 7,p>odia 7,notocactus7 ottonis7 ,e*9ocactus pect9if]us 7probably ,e*9oc]eus pect9atus7 ,e*9ocactus polycephalus 7,e*9ocactus polycephalus799 ,e*9ocactus ,pottsii 7,f]ocactus pottsii7 ,e*9ocactus rhodoph?almus 7,!locactus bicolor7 ,e*9ocactus scopa 7,p>odia 7,notocactus7 scopa7 99 ,e*9ocactus scopa cri/ata 7,p>odia 7,notocactus7 scopa fa4 cri/ata7 99 ,e*9ocactus ,simpsonii 7,p$iocactus simpsonii7 ,e*9ocactus s9uatus 7,f]ocactus hamatacan?us ssp4 s9uatus7 ,e*9ocactus t5uisp9us 7,p>odia 7,notocactus7 ottonis7 ,e*9ocactus tex5sis 7,e*9ocactus tex5sis7 99 ,e*9ocactus turb9i=mis 7,/rombocactus disci=mis7 ,e*9ocactus unc9atus 7,scl]ocactus unc9atus7 99 ,e*9ocactus viridesc5s 7,f]ocactus viridesc5s7 ,e*9ocactus visnaga 7,e*9ocactus platyacan?us7 99 ,e*9ocactus ,williamsii 7,lophophora williamsii7 ,e*9ocactus ,wisliz5ii 7,f]ocactus wisliz5ii7 99 ,e*9opsis campylacan?a 7,e*9opsis leucan?a7 ,e*9opsis cri/ata 7,e*9opsis obrep&a7 ,e*9opsis cri/ata purpurea 7,e*9opsis obrep&a v4 purprea7 ,e*9opsis ,decaisneanus 7id5tification n[ unc]ta97 99 ,e*9opsis ,eyriesii 7,e*9opsis eyriesii7 ,e*9opsis ,eyriesii flore-pl5o 7,e*9opsis eyriesii7 99 ,e*9opsis ,eyriesii glauca 7,e*9opsis eyriesii7 ,e*9opsis oxygonus 7,e*9opsis oxygona7 ,e*9opsis ,p5tl&i 7,e*9opsis 7,lobivia7 p5tl&ii7 99 ,e*9opsis ,p5tl&i longisp9us 7,e*9opsis 7,lobivia7 p5tl&ii7 99 ,e*9opsis tubiflorus 7,e*9opsis tubiflora7 ,epiphyllum ,russellianum 7,s*lumb]g]a russelliana7 99 ,epiphyllum truncatum 7,s*lumb]g]a truncata7 ,leu*t5b]gia pr9cipis 7,leu*t5b]gia pr9cipis7 99 ,mamill>ia angul>is 7,mammill>ia compressa7 ,mamill>ia applanata 7,mammill>ia heyd]i ssp4 hemispha]ica7 ,mamill>ia atrata 7,eriosyce 7,neoport]ia7 subgibbosa7 ,mamill>ia bicolor 7,mammill>ia gem9isp9a7 ,mamill>ia *loran?a 7,escob>ia des]ti7 ,mamill>ia cirrhif]a 7,mammill>ia compressa7 ,mamill>ia clava 7,coryphan?a clava7 ,mamill>ia dasyacan?a 7,escob>ia dasyacan?a7 ,mamill>ia discolor 7,mammill>ia discolor7 ,mamill>ia doli*oc5tra 7,mammill>ia poly!le7 99 ,mamill>ia e*9ata 7,mammill>ia elongata ssp4 e*9>ia7 ,mamill>ia e*9us 7,coryphan?a e*9us7 99 ,mamill>ia elegans 7,mammill>ia haageana 7elegans77 ,mamill>ia elephantid5s 7,coryphan?a elephantid5s7 99 ,mamill>ia elongata 7,mammill>ia elongata7 ,mamill>ia fissurata 7,arioc>pus fissuratus7 99 ,mamill>ia floribunda 7,eriosyce 7,neoport]ia7 subgibbosa7 ,mamill>ia gracilis 7,mammill>ia vetula ssp4 gracilis7 ,mamill>ia ,grahami 7,mammill>ia grahamii7 ,mamill>ia ,haageana 7,mammill>ia haageana7 99 ,mamill>ia longimamma 7,mammill>ia longimamma7 99 ,mamill>ia macrom]is 7,coryphan?a macrom]is7 99 ,mamill>ia macro!le 7,coryphan?a octacan?a7 ,mamill>ia microm]is 7,epi!lan?a microm]is7 99 ,mamill>ia multiceps 7,mammill>ia prolif]a ssp4 texana7 ,mamill>ia ,neumanniana 7,mammill>ia magnimamma7 ,mamill>ia ,ottonis 7,coryphan?a ottonis7 ,mamill>ia pect9ata 7,mammill>ia pect9if]a7 99 ,mamill>ia phellosp]ma 7,mammill>ia tetranci/ra7 ,mamill>ia pul*ra 7,mammill>ia rhodan?a7 ,mamill>ia pusilla 7,mammill>ia prolif]a7 ,mamill>ia pycnacan?a 7,coryphan?a pycnacan?a7 ,mamill>ia sangu9ea 7,mammill>ia sp9osissima7 99 ,mamill>ia ,s*e]ii 7,coryphan?a poselg]iana7 ,mamill>ia ,s*elhasii 7,mammill>ia cr9ita7 99 ,mamill>ia ,s*i$eana 7,mammill>ia s*i$eana7 ,mamill>ia semp]viva 7,mammill>ia semp]vivi7 99 ,mamill>ia s5ilis 7,mammill>ia s5ilis7 ,mamill>ia /ella-aurata 7,mammill>ia elongata7 ,mamill>ia sub-polyh$ra 7,mammill>ia poly$ra7 99 ,mamill>ia sulcolanata 7,coryphan?a sulcolanata7 ,mamill>ia tetracan?a 7,mammill>ia poly!le7 ,mamill>ia tub]culosa 7,escob>ia tub]culosa7 ,mamill>ia turb9ata 7,/rombocactus disci=mis 87 ,mamill>ia unc9ata 7,mammill>ia unc9ata7 ,mamill>ia vetula 7,mammill>ia vetula7 ,mamill>ia villif]a 7,mammill>ia poly$ra7 ,mamill>ia viridis 7,mammill>ia k>w9skiana7 ,mamill>ia vivip>a 7,escob>ia vivip>a7 ,mamill>ia vivip>a v4 radiosa 7,escob>ia vivip>a7 99 ,mamill>ia ,wildiana 7,mammill>ia cr9ita ssp4 wildii7 ,mamill>ia ,wrightii 7,mammill>ia wrightii7 ,mamill>ia ,zuc*>9iana 7,mammill>ia magnimamma7 ,melocactus communis 7,melocactus intortus7 99 ,melocactus depressus 7,melocactus violaceus7 ,melocactus ,miquelii 7,melocactus intortus7 99 ,opuntia arboresc5s 7,cyl9dropuntia imbricata7 ,opuntia arbuscula 7,cyl9dropuntia arbuscula7 ,opuntia ar5>ia 7,opuntia polyacan?a v4 ar5>ia7 ,opuntia ,aub]i 7,opuntia aub]i7 ,opuntia aurantiaca 7,opuntia aurantiaca7 ,opuntia basil>is 7,opuntia basil>is7 99 ,opuntia ,bigelovii 7,cyl9dropuntia bigelovii7 ,opuntia boliviana 7,cumulopuntia boliviana7 99 ,opuntia bra*y>?ra 7,opuntia fragilis7 99 ,opuntia brazili5sis 7,brasiliopuntia brasili5sis7 ,opuntia c&elabri=mis 7,opuntia sp9ulif]a7 ,opuntia clavata 7,grusonia clavata7 ,opuntia co*9ellif]a 7,opuntia co*5illif]a7 ,opuntia corrugata 7,tunilla corrugata7 ,opuntia curassavica 7,opuntia curassavica7 ,opuntia cyl9drica 7,au/rocyl9dropuntia cyl9drica7 ,opuntia cyl9drica cri/ata 7,au/rocyl9dropuntia cyl9drica fa4 cri/ata7 ,opuntia ,davisii 7,cyl9dropuntia davisii7 ,opuntia decumana 7,opuntia ficus-indica7 ,opuntia diademata 7,tephrocactus articulatus7 ,opuntia ,dill5ii 7,opuntia dill5ii7 99 ,opuntia e*9oc>pa 7,cyl9dropuntia e*9oc>pa7 ,opuntia ,emoryi 7,grusonia emoryi7 ,opuntia ,engelmanni 7,opuntia engelmannii7 ,opuntia ,ficus-indica 7,opuntia ficus-indica7 99 ,opuntia filip5dula 7,opuntia macrorhiza v4 pottsii7 99 ,opuntia frutesc5s 7,cyl9dropuntia leptocaulis7 ,opuntia ,grahami 7,grusonia grahamii7 ,opuntia horrida 7,opuntia tuna7 ,opuntia hy/ric9a 7,opuntia polyacan?a v4 hy/ric9a7 ,opuntia leptocaulis 7,cyl9dropuntia leptocaulis7 ,opuntia leucotri*a 7,opuntia leucotri*a7 ,opuntia macroc5tra 7,opuntia macroc5tra7 ,opuntia macrorhiza 7,opuntia macrorhiza7 99 ,opuntia microdasys 7,opuntia microdasys7 ,opuntia miss\ri5sis 7,opuntia polyacan?a7 ,opuntia monacan?a 7,opuntia monacan?a7 ,opuntia nigricans 7,opuntia elatior7 ,opuntia occid5talis 7,opuntia ,x occid5talis7 ,opuntia ,p>m5ti]i 7,opuntia longisp9a v>4 brevisp9a87 ,opuntia ,p>ryi 7,cyl9dropuntia cali=nica7 ,opuntia ,raf9esquii 7,opuntia humifusa7 99 ,opuntia rosea 7,cyl9dropuntia rosea7 99 ,opuntia ,salmiana 7,opuntia salmiana7 ,opuntia sp9osissima 7,consolea sp9osissima7 ,opuntia subulata 7,au/rocyl9dropuntia subulata7 ,opuntia ,tuna 7,opuntia tuna7 99 ,opuntia tunicata 7,cyl9dropuntia tunicata7 ,opuntia vulg>is 7,opuntia ficus-indica7 ,opuntia ,:ipplei 7,cyl9dropuntia :ipplei7 ,pelecyphora aselli=mis 7,pelecyphora aselli=mis7 99 ,p]eskia aculeata 7,p]eskia aculeata7 ,p]eskia aculeata rubesc5s 7,p]eskia aculeata7 ,p]eskia ,bleo 7,p]eskia bleo7 99 ,p]eskia z9niaeflora 7,p]eskia z9niiflora7 99 ,phyllocactus ,ack]mannii 7,disocactus ack]mannii or hybrid7 99 ,phyllocactus angulig] 7,epiphyllum angulig]7 99 ,phyllocactus bi=mis 7,disocactus bi=mis7 99 ,phyllocactus cr5atus 7,epiphyllum cr5atum7 ,phyllocactus gr&is 7,epiphyllum oxypetalum7 ,phyllocactus ,hook]i 7,epiphyllum hook]i7 ,phyllocactus latifrons 7,epiphyllum oxypetalum7 ,phyllocactus phyllan?us 7,epiphyllum phyllan?us7 ,phyllocactus phyllan?oides 7,disocactus phyllan?oides7 ,piloc]eus ,brnnonii 7,oreoc]eus celsianus7 99 ,piloc]eus ,h\lletianus 7,pilosoc]eus leucocephalus7 99 ,piloc]eus s5ilis 7,cephaloc]eus s5ilis7 ,rhipsalis ,cassy?a 7,rhipsalis baccif]a7 ,rhipsalis commune 7,lepismium cruci=me7 ,rhipsalis crispata 7,rhipsalis crispata7 ,rhipsalis crispata purpurea 7,rhipsalis crispata7 ,rhipsalis fasciculata 7,rhipsalis baccif]a7 ,rhipsalis floccosa 7,rhipsalis floccosa7 ,rhipsalis funalis 7,rhipsalis gr&iflora7 99 ,rhipsalis ,h\lletii 7,lepismium h\lletianum7 ,rhipsalis ,knightii 7,lepismium cruci=me7 ,rhipsalis mesembryan!moides 7,rhipsalis mesembryan!moides7 ,rhipsalis myosurus 7,lepismium cruci=me7 ,rhipsalis pa*ypt]a 7,rhipsalis pa*ypt]a7 ,rhipsalis p>adoxa 7,rhipsalis p>adoxa7 ,rhipsalis p5duliflora 7,rhipsalis c]euscula7 ,rhipsalis p5duliflora laxa 7,rhipsalis c]euscula7 ,rhipsalis p5tapt]a 7,rhipsalis p5tapt]a7 ,rhipsalis rhombea 7id5tification n[ unc]ta97 ,rhipsalis ,saglionis 7,rhipsalis c]euscula7 ,rhipsalis salicornoides 7,hatiora salicornioides7 ,rhipsalis salicornoides /ricta 7,hatiora salicornioides7 ,rhipsalis s>m5tacea 7,lepismium lumbricoides7 99 ,rhipsalis ,sw>tziana 7,pseudorhipsalis alata7 ,rhipsalis trigona 7,rhipsalis trigona7