,,boe?ius ,,! ,,!ological ,,tractates ,,) ,,an ,,engli% ,,translation ,,by ,h4,f4 ,,/ew>t1 ,d4,d4 ,,fell[ ,,( ,,tr9ity ,,college1 ,,cambridge ,,& ,e4,k4 ,,r&1 ,,ph4,d4 ,,pr(essor ,,( ,,lat9 ,,9 ,,h>v>d ,,univ]sity ,,! ,,consolation ,,( ,,philosophy ,,) ,,! ,,engli% ,,translation ,,( ,i4,t4 7#afji7 ,,revis$ ,,by ,h4,f4 ,,/ew>t #aiah ,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,! pap] edition ( ?is book has ,lat9 & ,engli% pages fac+ ea* o!r4 ,?is v]sion ( ! text uses alt]nat+ ,lat9 & ,engli% sections1 ) ! ,engli% text slightly ind5t$4 ,,cont5ts ,,note ,,on ,,! ,,text ,,introduction ,,bibliography ,,! ,,!ological ,,tractates ,,! ,,consolation ,,( ,,philosophy ,,symma*i ,,v]sus ,,index ,,note ,,on ,,! ,,text ,9 prep>+ ! text ( ! ,consolatio ,i h us$ ! app>atus 9 ,peip]'s edition 7,teubn]1 #ahga71 s9ce 8 reports1 z ,i "k 9 ! case ( ! ,teg]nse5sis1 are g5]ally accurate & complete2 ,i h dep5d$ also on my own collations or exc]pts f v>i\s ( ! important manuscripts1 ne>ly all ( :i* ,i h at lea/ exam9$1 & ,i h also foll[$1 n always b usually1 ! op9ions ( ,engelbre*t 9 8 admirable article1 ,die ,consolatio ,philosophiae des ,boe?ius 9 ! ,sitzungsb]i*te ( ! ,vi5na ,academy1 cxliv4 7#aijb7 #a-fj4 ,! pres5t text1 !n1 has be5 con/ruct$ f only "p ( ! mat]ial ) :i* an editor %\ld reckon1 ?\gh ! read] may at lea/ assume t e read+ 9 ! text has1 unless o!rwise /at$1 ! au?ority ( "s manuscript ( ! n9? or t5? c5tury2 9 c]ta9 or?ographical details1 evid5ce f ! text ( ! ,opuscula ,sacra has be5 us$ )\t special m5tion ( ?is fact4 ,we look to ,augu/ ,engelbre*t = ! fir/ critical edition ( ! ,consolatio at1 we hope1 no di/ant date4 ,! text ( ! ,opuscula ,sacra is bas$ on my own collations ( all ! important manuscripts ( ^! works4 ,an edition ) complete app>atus criticus w be ready be=e long = ! ,vi5na ,corpus ,scriptorum ,ecclesia/icorum ,lat9orum4 ,! hi/ory ( ! text ( ! ,opuscula ,sacra1 z ,i %all attempt to %[ else:]e1 is intimately connect$ ) t ( ! ,consolatio4 ,e4,k4,r4 ,,introduction ,anicius ,manlius ,sev]9us ,boe?ius1 ( ! fam\s ,pra5e/9e family ( ! ,anicii1 0 born ab\t #dhj ,a4,d4 9 ,rome4 ,8 fa!r 0 an ex-consul2 he himself 0 consul "u ,!odoric ! ,o/rogo? 9 #eaj1 & 8 two sons1 *ildr5 ( a great gr&-daught] ( ! r5[n$ ,q4 ,aurelius ,symma*us1 7 jo9t consuls 9 #ebb4 ,8 public c>e] 0 spl5did & hon\rable1 z befitt$ a man ( 8 race1 atta9m5ts1 & "*4 ,b he fell "u ! displeasure ( ,!odoric1 & 0 *>g$ ) conspir+ to deliv] ,rome f 8 rule1 & ) correspond+ treasonably to ?is end ) ,ju/91 ,emp]or ( ! ,ea/4 ,he 0 ?r[n into prison at ,pavia1 :]e he wrote ! ,consolation ( ,philosophy1 & he 0 brutally put to dea? 9 #ebd4 ,8 brief & busy life 0 m>k$ by great lit]>y a*ievem5t4 ,8 le>n+ 0 va/1 8 indu/ry untir+1 8 object unatta9able-- no?+ less ?an ! transmission to 8 c\ntrym5 ( all ! works ( ,plato & ,ari/otle1 & ! reconciliation ( _! app>5tly div]g5t views4 ,to =m ! idea 0 a sil5t judgm5t on ! le>n+ ( 8 day2 to realize x 0 m ?an "o man c\ld accompli%2 b ,boe?ius accompli%$ mu*4 ,he translat$ ! ,greek3 ,eisagogae ( ,porphyry1 & ! :ole ( ,ari/otle's ,organon4 ,he wrote a d\ble comm5t>y on ! ,greek3 ,eisagogae & comm5t>ies on ! ,categories & ! ,de ,int]pretatione ( ,ari/otle1 & on ! ,topica ( ,cic]o4 ,he also compos$ orig9al treatises on ! categorical & hypo!tical syllogism1 on ,division & on ,topical ,diff]5ces4 ,he adapt$ ! ari?metic ( ,nicoma*us1 & 8 textbook on music1 f\nd$ on v>i\s ,greek au?orities1 0 9 use at ,ox=d & ,cambridge until mod]n times4 ,8 five !ological ,tractates are "h1 toge!r ) ! ,consolation ( ,philosophy1 to speak = !mselves4 ,boe?ius 0 ! la/ ( ! ,roman philosoph]s1 & ! fir/ ( ! s*ola/ic !ologians4 ,! pres5t volume s]ves to prove ! tru? ( bo? ^! ass]tions4 ,! ,consolation ( ,philosophy is inde$1 z ,gibbon call$ x1 a gold5 volume1 n unwor?y ( ! leisure ( ,plato or ( ,tully4 ,to belittle its orig9ality & s9c]ity1 z is sometimes done1 ) a view to sav+ ! ,*ri/ianity ( ! writ]1 is to misund]/& 8 m9d & 8 me?od4 ,! ,consolatio is n1 z has be5 ma9ta9$1 a m]e pat*work ( translations f ,ari/otle & ! ,neoplatoni/s4 ,r x is ! supreme essay ( "o :o ?r\gh\t 8 life _h f\nd 8 highe/ solace 9 ! dry light ( reason4 ,8 *ief s\rce ( refre%m5t1 9 ! dungeon to :i* 8 belov$ libr>y _h n accompani$ him1 0 a memory well /ock$ ) ! poetry & ?\ght ( =m] days4 ,! developm5t ( ! argum5t is any?+ b ,neoplatonic2 x is all 8 own4 ,& if ! ,consolation ( ,philosophy admits ,boe?ius to ! company ( ,cic]o or ev5 ( ,plato1 ! !ological ,tractates m>k him z ! =]unn] ( ,/4 ,?omas4 ,x 0 ! habit ( a =m] g5]ation to reg>d ,boe?ius z an eclectic1 ! transmitt] ( a di/ort$ ,ari/otelianism1 a pagan1 or at be/ a luke-w>m ,*ri/ian1 :o at ! end ca/ (f ! fai? :i* he _h worn 9 times ( peace1 & wrapp$ himself 9 ! philosophic cloak :i* prop]ly belong$ to him4 ,! au!nticity ( ! ,tractates 0 freely d5i$4 ,we "k bett] n[4 ,! discov]y by ,alfr$ ,hold]1 & ! illum9at+ discussion by ,h]mann ,us5]1#a ( a fragm5t ( ,cassiodorus are suffici5t confirmation ( ! manuscript tradition1 ap>t f ! "w ( s*ol>s :o h s\ght to ju/ify t tradition f int]nal evid5ce4 ,9 t fragm5t ,cassiodorus def9itely ascribes to 8 fri5d ,boe?ius a book on ! ,tr9ity1 "s dogmatic *apt]s1 & a book aga9/ ,ne/orius4#b ,boe?ius 0 )\t d\bt a ,*ri/ian1 a ,doctor & p]haps a m>tyr4 ,nor is x necess>y to ?9k t1 :5 9 prison1 he put away 8 fai?4 ,if x is ask$ :y ! ,consolation ( ,philosophy conta9s no consci\s or direct ref]5ce to ! doctr9es :i* are trac$ 9 ! ,tractates ) s sure a h&1 & is1 at mo/1 n out ( h>mony ) ,*ri/ianity1 ! answ] is simple4 ,9 ! ,consolation he is writ+ philosophy2 9 ! ,tractates he is writ+ !ology4 ,he obs]ves :at ,pascal calls ! ord]s ( ?+s4 ,philosophy belongs to "o ord]1 !ology to ano!r4 ,!y h diff]5t objects4 ,! object ( philosophy is to und]/& & expla9 ! nature ( ! _w ar\nd u2 ! object ( !ology is to und]/& & expla9 doctr9es deliv]$ by div9e revelation4 ,! s*ola/ics recogniz$ ! di/9ction1#c & ! correspond+ diff]5ce 9 ! function ( ,fai? & ,reason4 ,_! f9al aim 0 to co-ord9ate ! two1 b ?is 0 n possible be=e ! ?irte5? c5tury4 ,mean:ile ,boe?ius helps to prep>e ! way4 ,9 ! ,consolation he gives ,reason h] range1 & suff]s h]1 unaid$1 to v9dicate ! ways ( ,provid5ce4 ,9 ! ,tractates ,reason is call$ 9 to give to ! claims ( ,fai? ! support :i* x does n really lack4#d ,reason1 h[ev]1 has /ill a "r to be he>d4 ,! di/9ction betwe5 fides & ratio is proclaim$ 9 ! fir/ two ,tractates4 ,9 ! second especially x is drawn ) a cle>ness wor?y ( ,/4 ,?omas himself2 & !re is1 ( c\rse1 ! implication t ! high] au?ority resides ) fides4 ,b ! treatm5t is philosophical & extremely bold4 ,boe?ius comes back to ! "q ( ! sub/antiality ( ! div9e ,p]sons :i* he has discuss$ 9 ,tr4 ,i4 f a fre% po9t ( view4 ,once m he decides t ! ,p]sons are pr$icat$ relatively2 ev5 ,tr9ity1 he concludes1 is n pr$icat$ sub/antially ( deity4 ,does ?is squ>e ) ca?olic doctr9e8 ,x is possible to he> a note ( *all5ge 9 8 words to ,john ! ,deacon1 fidem si pot]it rationemque coniunge4 ,philosophy /ates ! problem 9 unequivocal t]ms4 ,!ology is requir$ to say :e!r !y comm5d !mselves4 ,"o object ( ! s*ola/ics1 ant]ior to ! f9al co-ord9ation ( ! two sci5ces1 0 to h>monize & codify all ! answ]s to all ! que/ions t philosophy raises4 ,! ambition ( ,boe?ius 0 n s so>+1 b x 0 suffici5tly bold4 ,he set out1 fir/ to translate1 & !n to reconcile1 ,plato & ,ari/otle2 to g beh9d all ! o!r sy/ems1 ev5 ! late/ & ! mo/ 9 vogue1 back to ! two great ma/]s1 & to %[ t !y h ! tru?1 & are 9 sub/antial accord4 ,s ,/4 ,?omas himself1 if he _c reconcile ! tea*+ ( ,plato & ,ari/otle1 at lea/ desires to correct ! "o by ! o!r1 to discov] :at tru? is common to bo?1 & to %[ its correspond5ce ) ,*ri/ian doctr9e4 ,x is reasonable to conjecture t ,boe?ius1 if he _h liv$1 might h attempt$ some?+ ( ! k9d4 ,7 he alive to-day1 he might feel m 9 tune ) ! be/ ( ! pagans ?an ) mo/ contempor>y philosophic ?\ght4 ,9 yet "o m respect ,boe?ius belongs to ! company ( ! s*oolm54 ,he n only put into circulation _m preci\s philosophical notions1 s]v$ z *annel ?r\gh :i* v>i\s works ( ,ari/otle pass$ into ! s*ools1 & h&$ d[n to !m a def9ite ,ari/otelian me?od = approa*+ ! problem ( fai?2 he also suppli$ mat]ial = t classification ( ! v>i\s sci5ces :i* is an ess5tial accompanim5t ( e philosophical movem5t1 & ( :i* ! ,middle ,ages felt ! value4#e ,! uni=m di/ribution into natural sci5ces1 ma!matics & !ology :i* he recomm5ds may be trac$ 9 ! "w ( v>i\s tea*]s up to ! ?irte5? c5tury1 :5 x is f9ally accept$ & def5d$ by ,/4 ,?omas 9 8 comm5t>y on ! ,de ,tr9itate4 ,a sev5te5?-c5tury translation ( ! ,consolatio ,philosophiae is "h pres5t$ ) su* alt]ations z are dem&$ by a bett] text1 & ! requirem5ts ( mod]n s*ol>%ip4 ,!re 01 inde$1 n mu* to d1 = ! r5d]+ is mo/ exact4 ,?is 9 a translation ( t date is n a little rem>kable4 ,we look = f9e ,engli% & poetry 9 an ,elizabe?an2 b we d n (t5 get f him su* loyalty to ! orig9al z is "h display$4 ,( ! au?or ,i4,t4 no?+ is kn[n4 ,he may h be5 ,john ,?orie1 a ,flem+ born 9 ,london 9 #aefh1 & a ,b4,a4 ( ,*ri/ ,*ur*1 #aehf4 ,?orie 0 a p]son well skill$ 9 c]ta9 tongues1 & a not$ poet ( 8 times 7,wood1 ,a!nae ,oxon4 ed4 ,bliss1 i4 #fbd71 b 8 kn[n translations are app>5tly all f ! ,spani%4#f ,our translator d$icates 8 ,five books ( ,philosophical ,com=t to ! ,d[ag] ,c\ntess ( ,dorset1 wid[ ( ,?omas ,sackville1 :o 0 "p au?or ( ,a ,mirror = ,magi/rates & ,gorboduc1 & :o1 we le>n f ,i4,t4's preface1 m$itat$ a simil> "w4 ,i4,t4 does n unduly flatt] 8 patroness1 & he tells h] pla9ly t %e w n und]/& ! philosophy ( ! book1 ?\gh ! !ological & practical p>ts may be )9 h] scope4 ,! ,opuscula ,sacra h nev] be=e1 to our k1 be5 translat$4 ,9 read+ & r5d]+ !m we h be5 greatly help$ by two m$iaeval comm5t>ies3 "o by ,john ! ,scot 7edit$ by ,e4,k4 ,r& 9 ,traube's ,quell5 und ,unt]su*ung51 vol4 i4 pt4 #b1 ,muni*1 #aijf72 ! o!r by ,gilb]t de la ,porre 7pr9t$ 9 ,migne1 ,p4,l4 lxiv474 ,we also desire to record our indebt$ness 9 _m po9ts ( s*ol>%ip & philosophy to ,mr4 ,e4,j4 ,?omas ( ,emmanuel ,college4 ,f9ally1 ?anks are due to ,mr4 ,dolson = ! sugge/ion 9 ! footnote on ! prec$+ page1 & also to ,pr(essor ,lane ,coop] ( ,cornell ,univ]sity = _m valuable corrections z ?is repr9t 0 pass+ ?r\gh ! ,press4 ,h4,f4,s4 ,e4,k4,r4 ,octob]1 #aibf4 #a ,anecdoton ,hold]i1 ,leipzig1 #ahgg4 #b ,scripsit librum de sancta tr9itate et capita qua$am dogmatica et librum contra ,ne/orium4 ,on ! "q ( ! g5u95ess ( ,tr4 ,,iv4 ,de fide ca?olica see note ad loc4 #c ,cp4 ,h4 de ,wulf1 ,hi/oire de la ,philosophie mdivale 7,l\va9 & ,p>is #aiae71 p4 #ccb4 #d ,see bel[1 ,de ,tr94 vi4 ad f94 #e ,cp4 ,l4 ,baur1 ,gundissal9us3 de divisione1 ,mn/]1 #aije4 #f ,mr4 ,g4 ,bayley ,dolson sugge/s ) great] probability t ,i4,t4 0 ,john ,?orpe 7fl4 #aegj-afaj71 ar*itect to ,?omas ,sackville1 ,e>l ( ,dorset4 ,cf4 ,am]ican ,j\rnal ( ,philology1 vol4 xlii4 7#aiba71 p4 #bff4 ,,bibliography ,editio ,pr9ceps3 ,collect$ ,works 7except ,de fide ca?olica74 ,joh4 et ,greg4 de ,gregoriis4 ,v5ice1 #adia-ib4 ,de consolatione philosophiae4 ,coburg]4 ,nrnb]g1 #adgc4 ,de fide ca?olica4 ,ed4 ,r54 ,vall9us4 ,leyd51 #afef4 ,late/ ,critical ,edition3 ,de consolatione philosophiae & ,!ological ,tractates4 ,r4 ,peip]4 ,teubn]1 #ahga4 ,translations3 ,de consolatione philosophiae4 ,alfr$ ! ,great4 ,ed4 ,w4,j4 ,s$gefield4 ,ox=d1 #ahii & #aijj4 ,*auc]4 ,ed4 ,w4,w4 ,skeat 9 ,*auc]'s ,complete ,works4 ,vol4 ii4 ,ox=d1 #ahid4 ,h4,r4 ,james4 ,! ,consolation ( ,philosophy ( ,boe?ius4 ,london1 #ahig2 repr9t$ #aijf4 ,judicis de ,mir&ol4 ,la ,consolation philosophique de ,boce4 ,p>is1 #ahfa4 ,illu/rative ,works3 ,a4 ,engelbre*t4 ,die ,consolatio ,phil4 d] ,b4 ,sitzungsb]i*te d] ,kn4 ,akad4 ,vi5na1 #aijb4 ,b>d5hew]1 ,patrologie 7,boe?ius und ,cassiodor1 pp4 #ehd sqq474 ,freiburg im ,breslau1 #ahid4 ,hauran4 ,hi/4 de la philosophie scola/ique4 ,vol4 i4 ,p>is1 #ahgb4 ,hildebr&4 ,boe?ius und se9e ,/ellung zum ,*ri/5tum4 ,reg5sburg1 #ahhe4 ,hodgk94 ,italy & h] ,invad]s4 ,vols4 iii4 & iv4 ,ox=d1 #ahhe4 ,*4 ,j\rda94 7#a7 ,de l'orig9e des traditions sur le *ri/ianisme de ,boce2 7#b7 ,des comm5taires 9dits sur ,la ,consolation de la philosophie4 7,excursions hi/oriques et philosophiques trav]s le moy5 ge47 ,p>is1 #ahhh4 ,fritz ,kl+n]4 ,de ,boe?ii consolatione1 ,philol4 ,unt]s4 xxvii4 ,b]l91 #aiba4 ,f4,d4 ,maurice4 ,moral & ,metaphysical ,philosophy4 ,vol4 i4 ,london1 #ahgb4 ,f4 ,nitzs*4 ,das ,sy/em des ,b4 ,b]l91 #ahfj4 ,e4,k4 ,r&4 ,d] dem ,b4 zuges*rieb5e ,traktat de ,fide ca?olica 7,jahrbu* fr kl4 ,phil4 xxvi474 #aija4 ,sem]ia4 ,il ,cri/ianesimo di ,sev4 ,boezio riv5dicato1 ,rome1 #aijj4 ,m4 ,s*anz4 ,ges*4 d] rm4 ,litt]atur4 ,teil iv4 ,boe?ius4 ,b]l91 #aiba4 ,h4,f4 ,/ew>t4 ,boe?ius3 an ,essay4 ,ed9burgh1 #ahia4 ,us5]4 ,anecdoton ,hold]i4 ,leipsic1 #ahgg4 ,,boe?ius ,,! ,,!ological ,,tractates ,,& ,,! ,,consolation ,,( ,,philosophy ,,anicii ,,manlii ,,sev]9i ,,boe?ii ,v4,c4 ,,et ,,inl4 ,,excons4 ,,ord4 ,,patricii ,,incipit ,,lib] ,,qvomodo ,,tr9itas ,,vnvs ,,devs ,,ac ,,non ,,tres ,,dii ,,ad ,q4 ,,avrelivm ,,memmivm ,,symma*vm ,v4,c4 ,,et ,,inl4 ,,excons4 ,,ord4 ,,atqve ,,patricivm ,,soc]vm ,inve/igatam diutissime quae/ionem1 quantum no/rae m5tis igniculum lux diu9a dignata e/1 =matam rationibus litt]isque m&atam (f]5dam uobis communic&amque curaui tam ue/ri cupidus iudicii quam no/ri /udiosus inu5ti4 ,qua 9 re quid mihi sit animi quoti5s /ilo cogitata comm5do1 tum ex ipsa mat]iae difficultate tum ex eo quod r>is id e/ uobis tantum conloquor1 intellegi pote/4 ,neque enim famae iactatione et inanibus uulgi clamoribus excitamur2 s$ si quis e/ fructus ext]ior1 hic non pote/ aliam nisi mat]iae similem sp]>e s5t5tiam4 ,quocumque igitur a uobis deieci oculos1 p>tim ignaua segnities p>tim callidus liuor occurrit1 ut contumeliam uideatur diu9is tractatibus inrog>e qui talibus hom9um mon/ris non agnosc5da haec potius quam proculc&a proiec]it4 ,idcirco /ilum breuitate contraho et ex intimis sumpta philosophiae discipl9is n\orum u]borum significationibus uelo1 ut haec mihi tantum uobisque1 si qu&o ad ea conu]titis oculos1 conloquantur2 cet]os u]o ita subm\imus1 ut qui cap]e intellectu nequiu]9t ad ea etiam leg5da uideantur indigni4 ,sane#g tantum a nobis qua]i oportet quantum humanae rationis intuitus ad diu9itatis ualet celsa consc5d]e4 ,nam cet]is quoque artibus idem quasi quidam f9is e/ con/itutus1 qu\sque pote/ uia rationis acc$]e4 ,neque enim m$ic9a aegris semp] aff]t salutem2 s$ nulla erit culpa m$5tis1 si nihil eorum quae fi]i oportebat omis]it4 ,idemque 9 cet]is4 ,at quantum haec difficilior quae/io e/1 tam facilior esse debet ad u5iam4 ,vobis tam5 etiam illud inspici5dum e/1 an ex beati ,augu/9i scriptis sem9a rationum aliquos 9 nos u5i5tia fructus extul]9t4 ,ac de proposita quae/ione h9c sumamus initium4 #g s$ ne codices optimi4 ,,! ,,tr9ity ,,is ,,"o ,,god ,,n ,,?ree ,,gods ,a ,,treatise ,,by ,,anicius ,,manlius ,,sev]9us ,,boe?ius ,,mo/ ,,hon\rable1 ,,( ,,! ,,illu/ri\s ,,ord] ,,( ,,ex-,,consuls1 ,,patrician ,,to ,,8 ,,fa!r-,,9-,,law1 ,,qu9tus ,,aurelius ,,memmius ,,symma*us ,,mo/ ,,hon\rable1 ,,( ,,! ,,illu/ri\s ,,ord] ,,( ,,ex-,,consuls1 ,,patrician ,i h long pond]$ ?is problem ) su* m9d z ,i h & all ! light t ,god has l5t me4 ,n[1 hav+ set x =? 9 logical ord] & ca/ x into lit]>y =m1 ,i v5ture to submit x to y\r judgm5t1 = :i* ,i c>e z mu* z = ! results ( my own rese>*4 ,y w readily und]/& :at ,i feel :5ev] ,i try to write d[n :at ,i ?9k if y consid] ! difficulty ( ! topic & ! fact t ,i discuss x only ) ! few--,i may say ) no "o b y\rself4 ,x is inde$ no desire = fame or empty popul> applause t prompts my p52 if !re be any ext]nal rew>d1 we may n look = m w>m? 9 ! v]dict ?an ! subject itself ar\ses4 ,=1 ap>t f y\rself1 :]ev] ,i turn my eyes1 !y fall on ei!r ! apa?y ( ! dull>d or ! jeal\sy ( ! %rewd1 & a man :o ca/s 8 ?\ghts be=e ! common h]d--,i w n say to consid] b to trample "u foot1 w\ld seem to br+ discr$it on ! /udy ( div9ity4 ,s ,i purposely use brevity & wrap up ! ideas ,i draw f ! deep que/ion+s ( philosophy 9 new & unaccu/om$ words :i* speak only to y & to myself1 t is1 if y deign to look at !m4 ,! re/ ( ! _w ,i simply disreg>d3 !y _c und]/&1 & !re=e d n des]ve to read4 ,we %\ld n ( c\rse press our inquiry fur!r ?an man's wit & reason are all[$ to climb ! height ( heav5ly k4#h ,9 all ! lib]al arts we see ! same limit set beyond :i* reason may n rea*4 ,m$ic9e1 = in/ance1 does n always br+ heal? to ! sick1 ?\gh ! doctor w n be to blame if he has left no?+ undone :i* he ought to d4 ,s ) ! o!r arts4 ,9 ! pres5t case ! v difficulty ( ! que/ claims a l5i5t judgm5t4 ,y mu/ h[ev] exam9e :e!r ! se$s s[n 9 my m9d by ,/4 ,augu/9e's writ+s#i h borne fruit4 ,& n[ let u beg9 our inquiry4 #h ,cf4 ! discussion ( human ratio & div9e intelleg5tia 9 ,cons4 v4 pr4 #d & #e4 #i e4g4 ,aug4 ,de ,tr94 ,i4 ,*ri/ianae religionis reu]5tiam plures usurpant1 s$ ea fides pollet maxime ac solit>ie quae cum propt] uniu]salium praecepta regul>um1 quibus eiusdem religionis intellegatur auctoritas1 tum propt]ea1 quod eius cultus p] omnes pa5e mundi t]m9os emanauit1 ca?olica uel uniu]salis uocatur4 ,cuius haec de tr9itatis unitate s5t5tia e/3 ,pat]1 inquiunt1 deus filius deus spiritus sanctus deus4 ,igitur pat] filius spiritus sanctus unus non tres dii4 ,cuius coniunctionis ratio e/ indiff]5tia4 ,eos enim diff]5tia comitatur qui uel aug5t uel m9uunt1 ut ,arriani qui gradibus m]itorum tr9itatem u>iantes di/rahunt atque 9 pluralitatem diducunt4 ,pr9cipium enim pluralitatis alt]itas e/2 praet] alt]itatem enim nec pluralitas quid sit intellegi pote/4 ,trium namque r]um uel quotlibet tum g5]e tum specie tum num]o diu]sitas con/at2 quoti5s enim idem dicitur1 toti5s diu]sum etiam pra$icatur4 ,idem u]o dicitur tribus modis3 aut g5]e ut idem homo quod equus1 quia 8 idem g5us ut animal2 uel specie ut idem ,cato quod ,cic]o1 quia eadem species ut homo2 uel num]o ut ,tullius et ,cic]o1 quia unus e/ num]o4 ,qu>e diu]sum etiam uel g5]e uel specie uel num]o dicitur4 ,s$ num]o diff]5tiam accid5tium u>ietas facit4 ,nam tres hom9es neque g5]e neque specie s$ suis accid5tibus di/ant2 nam uel si animo cuncta ab 8 accid5tia sep>emus1 tam5 locus cunctis diu]sus e/ quem unum f+]e nullo modo possumus2 duo enim corpora unum locum non obt9ebunt1 qui e/ accid5s4 ,atque ideo sunt num]o plures1 quoniam accid5tibus plures fiunt4 ,i4 ,!re are _m :o claim z !irs ! dignity ( ! ,*ri/ian religion2 b t =m ( fai? is valid & only valid :i*1 bo? on acc\nt ( ! univ]sal "* ( ! rules & doctr9es affirm+ its au?ority1 & because ! wor%ip 9 :i* !y are express$ has spread ?r\gh\t ! _w1 is call$ ca?olic or univ]sal4 ,! belief ( ?is religion conc]n+ ! ,unity ( ! ,tr9ity is z foll[s3 ! ,fa!r is ,god1 ! ,son is ,god1 ! ,holy ,_s is ,god4 ,!re=e ,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,_s are "o ,god1 n ?ree ,gods4 ,! pr9ciple ( ?is union is abs5ce ( diff]5ce#aj3 diff]5ce _c be avoid$ by ^? :o add to or take f ! ,unity1 z = in/ance ! ,arians1 :o1 by graduat+ ! ,tr9ity accord+ to m]it1 break x up & conv]t x to ,plurality4 ,= ! ess5ce ( plurality is o!rness2 ap>t f o!rness plurality is un9telligible4 ,9 fact1 ! diff]5ce betwe5 ?ree or m ?+s lies 9 g5us or species or numb]4 ,diff]5ce is ! necess>y correlative ( sam5ess4 ,sam5ess is pr$icat$ 9 ?ree ways3 ,by g5us2 e4g4 a man & a horse1 because ( _! common g5us1 animal4 ,by species2 e4g4 ,cato & ,cic]o1 because ( _! common species1 man4 ,by numb]2 e4g4 ,tully & ,cic]o1 because !y are num]ically "o4 ,simil>ly diff]5ce is express$ by g5us1 species1 & numb]4 ,n[ num]ical diff]5ce is caus$ by v>iety ( accid5ts2 ?ree m5 diff] nei!r by g5us nor species b by _! accid5ts1 = if we m5tally remove f !m all o!r accid5ts1#aa /ill ea* "o occupies a diff]5t place :i* _c possibly be reg>d$ z ! same = ea*1 s9ce two bodies _c occupy ! same place1 & place is an accid5t4 ,:]e=e x is because m5 are plural by _! accid5ts t !y are plural 9 numb]4 #aj ,! t]ms diff]5tia1 num]us1 species1 are us$ exp]tly1 z w\ld be expect$ ( ! au?or ( ! ,9 ,isag4 ,porph4 ,comm5ta4 ,see ,s4 ,br&t's edition ( t "w 79 ! ,vi5na ,corpus1 #aijf71 s4v4 diff]5tia1 etc4 #aa ,?is me?od ( m5tal ab/raction is employ$ m elaborately 9 ,tr4 iii4 7vide infra1 p4 #dd7 & 9 ,cons4 v4 pr4 #d1 :]e ! notion ( div9e =ekn[l$ge is ab/ract$ 9 imag9ation4 ,,ii4 ,age igitur +r$iamur et unumquodque ut intellegi atque capi pote/ dispiciamus2 nam1 sicut optime dictum uidetur1 eruditi e/ hom9is unum quodque ut ipsum e/ ita de eo fidem cap]e tempt>e4 ,nam cum tres s9t speculatiuae p>tes1 naturalis1 9 motu inab/racta ,greek3 anupexairetos 7consid]at enim corporum =mas cum mat]ia1 quae a corporibus actu sep>>i non possunt1 quae corpora 9 motu sunt ut cum t]ra deorsum ignis sursum f]tur1 habetque motum =ma mat]iae coniuncta71 ma!matica1 s9e motu inab/racta 7haec enim =mas corporum speculatur s9e mat]ia ac p] hoc s9e motu1 quae =mae cum 9 mat]ia s9t1 ab 8 sep>>i non possunt71 !ologica1 s9e motu ab/racta atque sep>abilis 7nam dei sub/antia et mat]ia et motu c>et71 9 naturalibus igitur rationabilit]1 9 ma!maticis discipl9alit]1 9 diu9is intellectualit] u]s>i oportebit neque diduci ad imag9ationes1 s$ potius ipsam inspic]e =mam quae u]e =ma neque imago e/ et quae esse ipsum e/ et ex qua esse e/4 ,omne namque esse ex =ma e/4 ,/atua enim non secundum aes quod e/ mat]ia1 s$ secundum =mam qua 9 eo insignita e/ effigies animalis dicitur1 ipsumque aes non secundum t]ram quod e/ eius mat]ia1 s$ dicitur secundum a]is figuram4 ,t]ra quoque ipsa non secundum ,greek3 apoion hula5 dicitur1 s$ secundum siccitatem grauitatemque quae sunt =mae4 ,nihil igitur secundum mat]iam esse dicitur s$ secundum propriam =mam4 ,s$ diu9a sub/antia s9e mat]ia =ma e/ atque ideo unum et e/ id quod e/4 ,reliqua enim non sunt id quod sunt4 ,vnum quodque enim habet esse suum ex 8 ex quibus e/1 id e/ ex p>tibus suis1 et e/ hoc atque hoc1 id e/ p>tes suae coniunctae1 s$ non hoc uel hoc s+ul>it]1 ut cum homo t]r5us con/et ex anima corporeque1 corpus et anima e/1 non uel corpus uel anima 9 p>tem2 igitur non e/ id quod e/4 ,quod u]o non e/ ex hoc atque hoc1 s$ tantum e/ hoc1 illud u]e e/ id quod e/2 et e/ pul*]rimum =tissimumque quia nullo nititur4 ,quocirca hoc u]e unum 9 quo nullus num]us1 nullum 9 eo aliud praet]quam id quod e/4 ,neque enim subiectum fi]i pote/2 =ma enim e/1 =mae u]o subiectae esse non possunt4 ,nam quod cet]ae =mae subiectae accid5tibus sunt ut humanitas1 non ita accid5tia suscipit eo quod ipsa e/1 s$ eo quod mat]ia ei subiecta e/2 dum enim mat]ia subiecta humanitati suscipit quodlibet accid5s1 ipsa hoc suscip]e uidetur humanitas4 ,=ma u]o quae e/ s9e mat]ia non pot]it esse subiectum nec u]o inesse mat]iae1 neque enim esset =ma s$ imago4 ,ex 8 enim =mis quae praet] mat]iam sunt1 i/ae =mae u5]unt quae sunt 9 mat]ia et corpus efficiunt4 ,nam cet]as quae 9 corporibus sunt abutimur =mas uocantes1 dum imag9es s9t4 ,adsimulantur enim =mis 8 quae non sunt 9 mat]ia con/itutae4 ,nulla igitur 9 eo diu]sitas1 nulla ex diu]sitate pluralitas1 nulla ex accid5tibus multitudo atque idcirco nec num]us4 ,,ii4 ,we w n[ beg9 a c>eful consid]ation ( ea* sev]al po9t1 z f> z !y c be grasp$ & und]/ood2 = x has be5 wisely said1#ab 9 my op9ion1 t x is a s*ol>'s duty to =mulate 8 belief ab\t any?+ accord+ to its real nature4 ,speculative ,sci5ce may be divid$ into ?ree k9ds#ac3 ,physics1 ,ma!matics1 & ,!ology4 ,physics deals ) motion & is n ab/ract or sep>able 7i4e4 ,greek3 anupexairetos72 = x is conc]n$ ) ! =ms ( bodies toge!r ) _! con/itu5t matt]1 :i* =ms _c be sep>at$ 9 reality f _! bodies4#ad ,z ! bodies are 9 motion--! e>?1 = in/ance1 t5d+ d[nw>ds1 & fire t5d+ upw>ds1 =m takes on ! movem5t ( ! p>ticul> ?+ to :i* x is annex$4 ,ma!matics does n deal ) motion & is n ab/ract1 = x inve/igates =ms ( bodies ap>t f matt]1 & !re=e ap>t f movem5t1 :i* =ms1 h[ev]1 be+ connect$ ) matt] _c be really sep>at$ f bodies4 ,!ology does n deal ) motion & is ab/ract & sep>able1 = ! ,div9e ,sub/ance is )\t ei!r matt] or motion4 ,9 ,physics1 !n1 we are b\nd to use sci5tific1 9 ,ma!matics1 sy/ematical1 9 ,!ology1 intellectual concepts2 & 9 ,!ology we w n let ourselves be div]t$ to play ) imag9ations1 b w simply appreh5d t ,=m :i* is pure =m & no image1 :i* is v ,be+ & ! s\rce ( ,be+4 ,= ev]y?+ owes its be+ to ,=m4 ,?us a /atue is n a /atue on acc\nt ( ! brass :i* is its matt]1 b on acc\nt ( ! =m :]eby ! lik5ess ( a liv+ ?+ is impress$ ^u x3 ! brass itself is n brass because ( ! e>? :i* is its matt]1 b because ( its =m4 ,likewise e>? is n e>? by reason ( unqualifi$ matt]1#ae b by reason ( dryness & weight1 :i* are =ms4 ,s no?+ is said to be because x has matt]1 b because x has a di/9ctive =m4 ,b ! ,div9e ,sub/ance is ,=m )\t matt]1 & is !re=e ,"o1 & is its own ess5ce4 ,b o!r ?+s are n simply _! own ess5ces1 = ea* ?+ has its be+ f ! ?+s ( :i* x is compos$1 t is1 f its p>ts4 ,x is ,?is & ,t1 i4e4 x is ! totality ( its p>ts 9 conjunction2 x is n ,?is or ,t tak5 ap>t4 ,e>?ly man1 = in/ance1 s9ce he consi/s ( s\l & body1 is s\l & body1 n s\l or body1 sep>ately2 !re=e he is n 8 own ess5ce4 ,t on ! o!r h& :i* does n consi/ ( ,?is & ,t1 b is only ,?is1 is really its own ess5ce1 & is altoge!r beautiful & /able because x is n gr\nd$ 9 any?+4 ,:]e=e t is truly ,"o 9 :i* is no numb]1 9 :i* no?+ is pres5t except its own ess5ce4 ,nor c x become ! sub/rate ( any?+1 = x is pure ,=m1 & pure ,=ms _c be sub/rates4#af ,= if humanity1 l o!r =ms1 is a sub/rate = accid5ts1 x does n receive accid5ts ?r\gh ! fact t x exi/s1 b ?r\gh ! fact t matt] is subject$ to x4 ,humanity appe>s inde$ to appropriate ! accid5t :i* 9 reality belongs to ! matt] und]ly+ ! conception ,humanity4 ,b ,=m :i* is )\t matt] _c be a sub/rate1 & _c h its ess5ce 9 matt]1 else x w\ld n be =m b a reflexion4 ,= f ^? =ms :i* are outside matt] come ! =ms :i* are 9 matt] & produce bodies4 ,we misname ! entities t reside 9 bodies :5 we call !m =ms2 !y are m]e images2 !y only resemble ^? =ms :i* are n incorporate 9 matt]4 ,9 ,him1 !n1 is no diff]5ce1 no plurality aris+ out ( diff]5ce1 no multiplicity aris+ out ( accid5ts1 & accord+ly no numb]4 #ab ,by ,cic]o 7,tusc4 v4 #g4 #ai74 #ac ,cf4 ! simil> division ( philosophy 9 ,isag4 ,porph4 ed4 ,br&t1 pp4 #g ff4 #ad ,sb4 ?\gh !y may be sep>at$ 9 ?\ght4 #ae ,greek3 ,apoios hulae ,greek3 to amorphon1 to aeides ( ,ari/otle4 ,cf4 ,greek3 oute g> hulae to eidos 7hae m5 apoios1 to de poiotaes tis7 oute ex hulaes 7,alex&] ,aphrod4 ,de ,anima1 #ag4 #ag72 ,greek3 ei de t\to1 apoios de hae hulae1 apoion an eiae soma 7id4 ,de anima libri mantissa1 #abd4 #g74 #af ,?is is ,realism4 ,cf4 ,s$ si r]um u]itatem atque integritatem p]p5das1 non e/ dubium qu9 u]ae s9t4 ,nam cum res omnes quae u]ae sunt s9e 8 qu9que 7i4e4 g5us species diff]5tia propria accid5tia7 esse non poss9t1 has ipsas qu9que res u]e intellectas esse non dubites4 ,isag41 ,porph4 ed1 pr4 i4 7,m4 ,p4,l4 lxiv4 col4 #ai1 ,br&t1 pp4 #bf ff474 ,! two passages %[ t ,boe?ius is def9itely committ$ to ! ,reali/ic position1 al?\gh 9 8 ,comm5t4 9 ,porphyr4 a se translatum he holds ! scales betwe5 ,plato & ,ari/otle1 quorum diiudic>e s5t5tias aptum esse non duxi 7cp4 ,haurau1 ,hi/4 de la philosophie scola/ique1 i4 #abj74 ,z a fact 9 ! ,comm5t4 9 ,porph4 he m]ely po/pones ! "q1 :i* 9 ! ,de ,tr94 he settles4 ,boe?ius 0 ridicul$ 9 ! ,middle ,ages = 8 caution4 ,,iii4 ,deus u]o a deo nullo diff]t1 ne uel accid5tibus uel sub/antialibus diff]5tiis 9 subiecto positis di/5t4 ,vbi u]o nulla e/ diff]5tia1 nulla e/ omn9o pluralitas1 qu>e nec num]us2 igitur unitas tantum4 ,nam quod t]tio repetitur deus1 cum pat] ac filius et spiritus sanctus nuncupatur1 tres unitates non faciunt pluralitatem num]i 9 eo quod ipsae sunt1 si adu]tamus ad res num]abiles ac non ad ipsum num]um4 ,illic enim unitatum repetitio num]um facit4 ,9 eo autem num]o qui 9 rebus num]abilibus con/at1 repetitio unitatum atque pluralitas m9ime facit num]abilium r]um num]osam diu]sitatem4 ,num]us enim duplex e/1 unus quidem quo num]amus1 alt] u]o qui 9 rebus num]abilibus con/at4 ,et5im unum res e/2 unitas1 quo unum dicimus4 ,duo rursus 9 rebus sunt ut hom9es uel lapides2 dualitas nihil1 s$ tantum dualitas qua duo hom9es uel duo lapides fiunt4 ,et 9 cet]is eodem modo4 ,ergo 9 num]o quo num]amus repetitio unitatum facit pluralitatem2 9 r]um u]o num]o non facit pluralitatem unitatum repetitio1 uel si de eodem dicam gladius unus mucro unus ensis unus4 ,pote/ enim unus tot uocabulis gladius agnosci2 haec enim unitatum it]atio potius e/ non num]atio1 uelut si ita dicamus ensis mucro gladius1 repetitio qua$am e/ eiusdem non num]atio diu]sorum1 uelut si dicam sol sol sol1 non tres soles effec]im1 s$ de uno toti5s pra$icau]im4 ,non igitur si de patre ac filio et spiritu sancto t]tio pra$icatur deus1 idcirco tr9a pra$icatio num]um facit4 ,hoc enim illis ut dictum e/ imm9et qui int] eos di/antiam faciunt m]itorum4 ,ca?olicis u]o nihil 9 diff]5tia con/itu5tibus ipsamque =mam ut e/ esse pon5tibus neque aliud esse quam e/ ipsum quod e/ op9antibus recte repetitio de eodem quam enum]atio diu]si uidetur esse cum dicitur deus pat] deus filius deus spiritus sanctus atque haec tr9itas unus deus1 uelut ensis atque mucro unus gladius1 uelut sol sol sol unus sol4 ,s$ hoc int]im ad eam dictum sit significationem demon/rationemque qua o/5ditur non omnem unitatum repetitionem num]um pluralitatemque p]fic]e4 ,non u]o ita dicitur pat] ac filius et spiritus sanctus quasi multiuocum quiddam2 nam mucro et ensis et ipse e/ et idem1 pat] u]o ac filius et spiritus sanctus idem equidem e/1 non u]o ipse4 ,9 qua re paulisp] consid]&um e/4 ,requir5tibus enim3 ,ipse e/ pat] qui filius8 ,m9ime1 inquiunt4 ,rursus3 ,idem alt] qui alt]8 ,negatur4 ,non e/ igitur int] eos 9 re omni indiff]5tia2 qu>e sub9trat num]us quem ex subiectorum diu]sitate confici sup]ius explanatum e/4 ,de qua re breuite99r consid]abimus1 si prius illud1 quem ad modum de deo unum quodque pra$icatur1 praemis]imus4 ,,iii4 ,n[ ,god diff]s f ,god 9 no respect1 = !re _c be div9e ess5ces di/+ui%$ ei!r by accid5ts or by sub/antial diff]5ces belong+ to a sub/rate4 ,b :]e !re is no diff]5ce1 !re is no sort ( plurality & accord+ly no numb]2 "h1 !re=e1 is unity alone4 ,= :]eas we say ,god ?rice :5 we "n ! ,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,_s1 ^! ?ree unities d n produce a plurality ( numb] 9 _! own ess5ces1 if we ?9k ( :at we c\nt in/ead ( :at we c\nt )4 ,= 9 ! case ( ab/ract numb] a repetition ( s+le items does produce plurality2 b 9 ! case ( concrete numb] ! repetition & plural use ( s+le items does n by any means produce num]ical diff]5ce 9 ! objects c\nt$4 ,!re are z a fact two k9ds ( numb]4 ,!re is ! numb] ) :i* we c\nt 7ab/ract7 & ! numb] inh]5t 9 ! ?+s c\nt$ 7concrete74 ,"o is a ?+-- ! ?+ c\nt$4 ,unity is t by :i* on5ess is d5ot$4 ,aga9 two belongs to ! class ( ?+s z m5 or /ones2 b n s duality2 duality is m]ely t :]eby two m5 or two /ones are d5ot$2 & s on4 ,!re=e a repetition ( unities#ag produces plurality :5 x is a "q ( ab/ract1 b n :5 x is a "q ( concrete ?+s1 z1 = example1 if ,i say ( "o & ! same ?+1 "o sword1 "o br&1 "o blade4#ah ,x is easy to see t ea* ( ^! names d5otes a sword2 ,i am n numb]+ unities b simply repeat+ "o ?+1 & 9 say+ sword1 br&1 blade1 ,i reit]ate ! "o ?+ & d n enum]ate sev]al diff]5t ?+s any m ?an ,i produce ?ree suns in/ead ( m]ely m5tion+ "o ?+ ?rice :5 ,i say ,sun1 ,sun1 ,sun4 ,s !n if ,god be pr$icat$ ?rice ( ,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,_s1 ! ?reefold pr$ication does n result 9 plural numb]4 ,! risk ( t1 z has be5 said1 att5ds only on ^? :o di/+ui% ,!m accord+ to m]it4 ,b ,ca?olic ,*ri/ians1 all[+ no diff]5ce ( m]it 9 ,god1 assum+ ,him to be ,pure ,=m & believ+ ,him to be no?+ else ?an ,8 own ess5ce1 rightly reg>d ! /atem5t ! ,fa!r is ,god1 ! ,son is ,god1 ! ,holy ,_s is ,god1 & ?is ,tr9ity is "o ,god1 n z an enum]ation ( diff]5t ?+s b z a reit]ation ( "o & ! same ?+1 l ! /atem5t1 blade & br& are "o sword or sun1 sun1 & sun are "o sun4 ,let ?is be en\gh = ! pres5t to e/abli% my mean+ & to %[ t n e repetition ( units produces numb] & plurality4 ,/ill 9 say+ ,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,_s1 we are n us+ synonym\s t]ms4 ,br& & blade are ! same & id5tical1 b ,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,_s1 ?\gh ! same1 are n id5tical4 ,?is po9t des]ves a mom5t's consid]ation4 ,:5 !y ask ,is ! ,fa!r ! same z ! ,son8 ,ca?olics answ] ,no4 ,is ! ,"o ! same z ! ,o!r8 ,! answ] is 9 ! negative4 ,!re is n1 !re=e1 complete indiff]5ce betwe5 ,!m2 & s numb] does come 9--numb] :i* we expla9$ 0 ! result ( div]sity ( sub/rates4 ,we w briefly debate ?is po9t :5 we h done exam9+ h[ p>ticul> pr$icates c be appli$ to ,god4 #ag e4g4 if ,i say "o1 "o1 "o1 ,i en\nce ?ree unities4 #ah ,! same words are us$ to illu/rate ! same matt] 9 ! ,comm5t4 9 ,ari/4 ,greek3 p]i h]ma5eias1 #bnd ed4 7,meis]7 #ef4 #ab4 ,,iv4 ,decem omn9o pra$icam5ta traduntur quae de rebus omnibus uniu]salit] pra$icantur1 id e/ sub/antia1 qualitas1 quantitas1 ad aliquid1 ubi1 qu&o1 hab]e1 situm esse1 fac]e1 pati4 ,haec igitur talis sunt qualia subiecta p]mis]9t2 nam p>s eorum 9 reliqu>um r]um pra$icatione sub/antia e/1 pa99rs 9 accid5tium num]o e/4 ,at haec cum quis i99n diu9am u]t]it pra$icationem1 cuncta mutantu99r quae pra$ic>i possunt4 ,ad aliquid u]o omn9o non pote/ pra$ic>i1 nam sub/antia 9 illo non e/ u]e sub/antia s$ ultra sub/antiam2 item qualitas et cet]a quae u5ire queunt4 ,quorum ut amplior fiat intellectus exempla subd5da sunt4 ,nam cum dicimus deus1 sub/antiam quidem signific>e uidemur1 s$ eam quae sit ultra sub/antiam2 cum u]o iu/us1 qualitatem quidem s$ non accid5tem1 s$ eam quae sit sub/antia s$ ultra sub/antiam4 ,neque enim aliud e/ quod e/1 aliud e/ quod iu/us e/1 s$ idem e/ esse deo quod iu/o4 ,item cum dicitur magnus uel maximus1 quantitatem quidem signific>e uidemur1 s$ eam quae sit ipsa sub/antia1 talis qualem esse diximus ultra sub/antiam2 idem e/ enim esse deo quod magno4 ,de =ma enim eius sup]ius mon/ratum e/ quoniam is sit =ma et unum u]e nec ulla pluralitas4 ,s$ haec pra$icam5ta talia sunt1 ut 9 quo s9t ipsum esse faciant quod dicitur1 diuise quidem 9 cet]is1 9 deo u]o coniuncte atque copulate hoc modo3 nam cum dicimus sub/antia 7ut homo uel deus71 ita dicitur quasi illud de quo pra$icatur ipsum sit sub/antia1 ut sub/antia homo uel deus4 ,s$ di/at1 quoniam homo non integre ipsum homo e/ ac p] hoc nec sub/antia2 quod enim e/1 aliis debet quae non sunt homo4 ,deus u]o hoc ipsum deus e/2 nihil enim aliud e/ nisi quod e/1 ac p] hoc ipsum deus e/4 ,rursus iu/us1 quod e/ qualitas1 ita dicitur quasi ipse hoc sit de quo pra$icatur1 id e/ si dicamus homo iu/us uel deus iu/us1 ipsum hom9em uel deum iu/os esse proponimus2 s$ diff]t1 quod homo alt] alt] iu/us1 deus u]o idem ipsum e/ quod e/ iu/um4 ,magnus etiam homo uel deus dicitur atque ita quasi ipse sit homo magnus uel deus magnus2 s$ homo tantum magnus1 deus u]o ipsum magnus exsi/it4 ,reliqua u]o neque de deo neque de cet]is pra$icantur4 ,nam ubi uel de hom9e uel de deo pra$ic>i pote/1 de hom9e ut 9 =o1 de deo ut ubique1 s$ ita ut non quasi ipsa sit res id quod pra$icatur de qua dicitur4 ,non enim ita homo dicitur esse 9 =o quem ad modum esse albus uel longus nec quasi circumfusus et det]m9atus proprietate aliqua qua design>i secundum se possit1 s$ tantum quo sit illud aliis in=matum rebus p] hanc pra$icationem o/5ditur4 ,de deo u]o non ita1 nam quod ubique e/ ita dici uidetur non quod 9 omni sit loco 7omn9o enim 9 loco esse non pote/7 s$ quod omnis ei locus adsit ad eum capi5dum1 cum ipse non suscipiatur 9 loco2 atque ideo nusquam 9 loco esse dicitur1 quoniam ubique e/ s$ non 9 loco4 ,qu&o u]o eodem pra$icatur modo1 ut de hom9e h]i u5it1 de deo semp] e/4 ,hic quoque non quasi esse aliquid dicitur illud ipsum de quo he/]nus dicitur adu5tus1 s$ quid ei secundum tempus access]it pra$icatur4 ,quod u]o de deo dicitur semp] e/1 unum quidem significat1 quasi omni praet]ito fu]it1 omni quoquo modo sit praes5ti e/1 omni futuro erit4 ,quod de caelo et de cet]is inmortalibus corporibus secundum philosophos dici pote/1 at de deo non ita4 ,semp] enim e/1 quoniam semp] praes5tis e/ 9 eo temporis tantumque int] no/r>um r]um praes5s1 quod e/ nunc1 int]e/ ac diu9>um1 quod no/rum nunc quasi curr5s tempus facit et sempit]nitatem1 diu9um u]o nunc p]man5s neque m\5s sese atque consi/5s aet]nitatem facit2 cui nom9i si adicias semp]1 facies eius quod e/ nunc iugem indefessumque ac p] hoc p]petuum cursum quod e/ sempit]nitas4 ,rursus hab]e uel fac]e eodem modo2 dicimus enim ue/itus currit de hom9e1 de deo cuncta possid5s regit4 ,rursus de eo nihil quod e/ esse de utrisque dictum e/1 s$ haec omnis pra$icatio ext]ioribus datur omniaque haec quodam modo ref]untur ad aliud4 ,cuius pra$icationis diff]5tiam sic facilius int]noscimus3 qui homo e/ uel deus ref]tur ad sub/antiam qua e/ aliquid1 id e/ homo uel deus2 qui iu/us e/ ref]tur ad qualitatem qua scilicet e/ aliquid1 id e/ iu/us1 qui magnus ad quantitatem qua e/ aliquid1 id e/ magnus4 ,nam 9 cet]is pra$icationibus nihil tale e/4 ,qui enim dicit esse aliquem 9 =o uel ubique1 ref]t quidem ad pra$icam5tum quod e/ ubi1 s$ non quo aliquid e/ uelut iu/itia iu/us4 ,item cum dico currit uel regit uel nunc e/ uel semp] e/1 ref]tur quidem uel ad fac]e uel ad tempus--si tam5 int]im diu9um illud semp] tempus dici pote/--s$ non quo aliquo aliquid e/ uelut magnitud9e magnum4 ,nam situm passionemque requiri 9 deo non oportet1 neque enim sunt4 ,iamne patet quae sit diff]5tia pra$icationum8 ,quod aliae quidem quasi rem mon/rant aliae u]o quasi circum/antias rei quodque illa quidem#ai ita pra$icantur1 ut esse aliquid rem o/5dant1 illa u]o ut non esse1 s$ potius extr9secus aliquid quodam modo affigant4 ,illa igitur1 quae aliquid esse designant1 secundum rem pra$icationes uoc5tur4 ,quae cum de rebus subiectis dicuntur1 uocantur accid5tia secundum rem2 cum u]o de deo qui subiectus non e/1 secundum sub/antiam rei pra$icatio nuncupatur4 #ai quidem vulg42 quae codd4 opt4 ,,iv4 ,!re are 9 all t5 categories :i* c be univ]sally pr$icat$ ( ?+s1 namely1 ,sub/ance1 ,quality1 ,quantity1 ,relation1 ,place1 ,"t1 ,condition1 ,situation1 ,activity1 ,passivity4 ,_! mean+ is det]m9$ by ! cont+5t subject2 = "s ( !m d5ote sub/ance 9 mak+ pr$ication ( o!r ?+s1 o!rs belong to ! class ( accid5ts4 ,b :5 ^! categories are appli$ to ,god !y *ange _! mean+ entirely4 ,relation1 = in/ance1 _c be pr$icat$ at all ( ,god2 = sub/ance 9 ,him is n really sub/antial b sup]sub/antial4 ,s ) quality & ! o!r possible attributes1 ( :i* we mu/ add examples = ! sake ( cle>ness4 ,:5 we say ,god1 we seem to d5ote a sub/ance2 b x is a sub/ance t is sup]sub/antial4 ,:5 we say ( ,him1 ,he is j1 we m5tion a quality1 n an accid5tal quality--r a sub/antial &1 9 fact1 a sup]sub/antial quality4#bj ,= ,god is n "o ?+ because ,he is1 & ano!r ?+ because ,he is j2 ) ,him to be j & to be ,god are "o & ! same4 ,s :5 we say1 ,he is great or ! greate/1 we seem to pr$icate quantity1 b x is a quantity simil> to ?is sub/ance :i* we h decl>$ to be sup]sub/antial2 = ) ,him to be great & to be ,god are all "o4 ,aga91 conc]n+ ,8 ,=m1 we h already %[n t ,he is ,=m1 & truly ,"o )\t ,plurality4 ,! categories we h m5tion$ are su* t !y give to ! ?+ to :i* !y are appli$ ! "* :i* !y express2 9 creat$ ?+s !y express divid$ be+1 9 ,god1 conjo9$ & unit$ be+-- 9 ! foll[+ mann]4 ,:5 we "n a sub/ance1 z man or ,god1 x seems z ?\gh t ( :i* ! pr$ication is made 7 sub/ance itself1 z man or ,god is sub/ance4 ,b !re is a diff]5ce3 s9ce a man is n simply & entirely man1 & 9 virtue ( ?is he is n sub/ance4 ,= :at man is he owes to o!r ?+s :i* are n man4 ,b ,god is simply & entirely ,god1 = ,he is no?+ else ?an :at ,he is1 & !re=e is1 ?r\gh simple exi/5ce1 ,god4 ,aga9 we apply j1 a quality1 z ?\gh x 7 t ( :i* x is pr$icat$2 t is1 if we say a j man or j ,god1 we ass]t t man or ,god is j4 ,b !re is a diff]5ce1 = man is "o ?+1 & a j man is ano!r ?+4 ,b ,god is ju/ice itself4 ,s a man or ,god is said to be great1 & x w\ld appe> t man is sub/antially great or t ,god is sub/antially great4 ,b man is m]ely great2 ,god is greatness4 ,! rema9+ categories are n pr$icable ( ,god nor yet ( creat$ ?+s4#ba ,= place is pr$icat$ ( man or ( ,god--a man is 9 ! m>ket-place2 ,god is ev]y:]e--b 9 nei!r case is ! pr$icate id5tical ) ! object ( pr$ication4 ,to say ,a man is 9 ! m>ket is q a diff]5t ?+ f say+ he is :ite or long1 or1 s to speak1 encompass$ & det]m9$ by "s prop]ty :i* enables him to be describ$ 9 t]ms ( 8 sub/ance2 ?is pr$icate ( place simply decl>es h[ f> 8 sub/ance is giv5 a p>ticul> sett+ amid o!r ?+s4 ,x is o!rwise1 ( c\rse1 ) ,god4 ,he is ev]y:]e does n mean t ,he is 9 e place1 = ,he _c be 9 any place at all--b t e place is pres5t to ,him = ,him to occupy1 al?\gh ,he ,himself c be receiv$ by no place1 & !re=e ,he _c any:]e be 9 a place1 s9ce ,he is ev]y:]e b 9 no place4 ,x is ! same ) ! category ( "t1 z1 ,a man came ye/]day2 ,god is ev]4 ,"h aga9 ! pr$icate ( com+ ye/]day d5otes n some?+ sub/antial1 b some?+ happ5+ 9 t]ms ( "t4 ,b ! expression ,god is ev] d5otes a s+le ,pres5t1 summ+ up ,8 cont9ual pres5ce 9 all ! pa/1 9 all ! pres5t--h[ev] t t]m be us$--& 9 all ! future4 ,philosoph]s say t ev] may be appli$ to ! life ( ! heav5s & o!r immortal bodies4 ,b z appli$ to ,god x has a diff]5t mean+4 ,he is ev]1 because ev] is ) ,him a t]m ( pres5t "t1 & !re is ?is great diff]5ce betwe5 n[1 :i* is our pres5t1 & ! div9e pres5t4 ,our pres5t connotes *ang+ "t & sempit]nity2 ,god's pres5t1 abid+1 unmov$1 & immoveable1 connotes et]nity4 ,add semp] to et]nity & y get ! con/ant1 incessant & !reby p]petual c\rse ( our pres5t "t1 t is to say1 sempit]nity4#bb ,x is j ! same ) ! categories ( condition & activity4 ,= example1 we say ,a man runs1 clo!d1 ,god rules1 possess+ all ?+s4 ,"h aga9 no?+ sub/antial is ass]t$ ( ei!r subject2 9 fact all ! categories we h hi!rto nam$ arise f :at lies outside sub/ance1 & all ( !m1 s to speak1 ref] to some?+ o!r ?an sub/ance4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ! categories is easily se5 by an example4 ,?us1 ! t]ms man & ,god ref] to ! sub/ance 9 virtue ( :i* ! subject is--man or ,god4 ,! t]m j ref]s to ! quality 9 virtue ( :i* ! subject is some?+1 viz4 j2 ! t]m great to ! quantity 9 virtue ( :i* ,he is some?+1 viz4 great4 ,no o!r category save sub/ance1 quality1 & quantity ref] to ! sub/ance ( ! subject4 ,if ,i say ( "o he is 9 ! m>ket or ev]y:]e1 ,i am apply+ ! category ( place1 :i* is n a category ( ! sub/ance1 l j 9 virtue ( ju/ice4 ,s if ,i say1 he runs1 ,he rules1 he is n[1 ,he is ev]1 ,i make ref]5ce to activity or "t--if inde$ ,god's ev] c be describ$ z "t--b n to a category ( sub/ance1 l great 9 virtue ( greatness4 ,f9ally1 we mu/ n look = ! categories ( situation & passivity 9 ,god1 = !y simply are n to be f\nd 9 ,him4 ,h ,i n[ made cle> ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! categories8 ,"s d5ote ! reality ( a ?+2 o!rs its accid5tal circum/ances2 ! =m] decl>e t a ?+ is some?+2 ! latt] say no?+ ab\t its be+ any?+1 b simply atta* to x1 s to speak1 some?+ ext]nal4 ,^? categories :i* describe a ?+ 9 t]ms ( its sub/ance may be call$ sub/antial categories2 :5 !y apply to ?+s z subjects !y are call$ accid5ts4 ,9 ref]5ce to ,god1 :o is n a subject at all1 x is only possible to employ ! category ( sub/ance4 #bj ,gilb]t de la ,porre 9 8 comm5t>y on ! ,de ,tr94 makes ,boe?ius's mean+ cle>4 ,quod igitur 9 illo sub/antiam nom9amus1 non e/ subiectionis ratione quod dicitur1 s$ ultra omnem quae accid5tibus e/ subiecta sub/antiam e/ ess5tia1 absque omnibus quae possunt accid]e solit>ia omn9o4 7,migne1 ,p4,l4 lxiv4 #abhc74 ,cf4 ,aug4 ,de ,tr94 vii4 #aj4 #ba i4e4 accord+ to _! sub/ance4 #bb ,! doctr9e is ,augu/9e's1 cf4 ,de ,ciu4 ,dei1 xi4 #f1 xii4 #af2 b ,boe?ius's use ( sempit]nitas1 z well z 8 ^w-build+1 seem to be peculi> to himself4 ,claudianus ,mam]tus1 speak+ ( apply+ ! categories to ,god1 uses sempit]nitas z ,boe?ius uses aet]nitas4 ,cf4 ,de ,/atu ,animae i4 #ai4 ,apuleius seems to use bo? t]ms int]*angeably1 e4g4 ,asclep4 #bi-ca4 ,on ,boe?ius's di/9ction betwe5 "t & et]nity see ,cons4 v4 pr4 #f1 & ,r&1 i er dem ,b4 zuges*r4 ,trakt4 de fide1 pp4 #dbe ff1 & ,br&t 9 ,!ol4 ,littzg41 #aijb1 p4 #adg4 ,v4 ,age nunc de relatiuis speculemur pro quibus omne quod dictum e/ sumpsimus ad disputationem2 maxime enim haec non uid5tur secundum se fac]e pra$icationem quae p]spicue ex ali5o adu5tu con/>e p]spiciuntur4 ,age enim1 quoniam dom9us ac s]uus relatiua sunt1 uideamus utrumne ita sit ut secundum se sit pra$icatio an m9ime4 ,atqui si auf]as s]uum1 ab/ul]is et dom9um2 at non etiam si auf]as alb$9em1 ab/ul]is quoque album1 s$ int]e/1 quod alb$o accidit albo1 qua sublata p]it nimirum album4 ,at 9 dom9o1 si s]uum auf]as1 p]it uocabulum quo dom9us uocabatur2 s$ non accidit s]uus dom9o ut alb$o albo1 s$ pote/as qua$am qua s]uus co]cetur4 ,quae quoniam sublato dep]it s]uo1 con/at non eam p] se dom9o accid]e s$ p] s]uorum quodam modo extr9secus accessum4 ,non igitur dici pote/ pra$icationem relatiuam quidquam rei de qua dicitur secundum se uel add]e uel m9u]e uel mut>e4 ,quae tota non 9 eo quod e/ esse consi/it1 s$ 9 eo quod e/ 9 comp>atione aliquo modo se hab]e1 nec semp] ad aliud s$ aliquoti5s ad idem4 ,age enim /et quisquam4 ,ei igitur si acc$am dext]1 erit ille s9i/] ad me comp>atus1 non quod ille ipse s9i/] sit1 s$ quod ego dext] access]im4 ,rursus ego s9i/] acc$o1 item ille fit dext]1 non quod ita sit p] se dext] uelut albus ac longus1 s$ quod me acc$5te fit dext] atque id quod e/ a me et ex me e/ m9ime u]o ex sese4 ,qu>e quae secundum rei alicuius 9 eo quod ipsa e/ proprietatem non faciunt pra$icationem1 nihil alt]n>e uel mut>e queunt nullamque omn9o u>i>e ess5tiam4 ,quocirca si pat] ac filius ad aliquid dicuntur nihilque aliud ut dictum e/ diff]unt nisi sola relatione1 relatio u]o non pra$icatur ad id de quo pra$icatur quasi ipsa sit et secundum rem de qua dicitur1 non faciet alt]itatem r]um de qua dicitur1 s$1 si dici pote/1 quo quidem modo id quod uix intellegi potuit int]pretatum e/1 p]son>um4 ,omn9o enim magna regulae e/ u]itas 9 rebus incorporalibus di/antias effici diff]5tiis non locis4 ,neque accessisse dici pote/ aliquid deo1 ut pat] fi]et2 non enim coepit esse umquam pat] eo quod sub/antialis quidem ei e/ productio filii1 relatiua u]o pra$icatio patris4 ,ac si mem9imus omnium 9 prioribus de deo s5t5ti>um1 ita cogitemus processisse quidem ex deo patre filium deum et ex utrisque spiritum sanctum2 hos1 quoniam incorporales s9t1 m9ime locis di/>e4 ,quoniam u]o pat] deus et filius deus et spiritus sanctus deus1 deus u]o nullas habet diff]5tias quibus diff]at ab deo1 a nullo eorum diff]t4 ,diff]5tiae u]o ubi absunt1 abe/ pluralitas2 ubi abe/ pluralitas1 ade/ unitas4 ,nihil autem aliud gigni potuit ex deo nisi deus2 et 9 rebus num]abilibus repetitio unitatum non facit modis omnibus pluralitatem4 ,trium igitur idonee con/ituta e/ unitas4 ,v4 ,let u n[ consid] ! category ( relation1 to :i* all ! =ego+ rem>ks h be5 prelim9>y2 = qualities :i* obvi\sly arise f ! association ( ano!r t]m d n appe> to pr$icate any?+ conc]n+ ! sub/ance ( a subject4 ,= in/ance1 ma/] & slave#bc are relative t]ms2 let u see :e!r ei!r ( !m are pr$icates ( sub/ance4 ,if y suppress ! t]m slave1#bd y simultane\sly suppress ! t]m ma/]4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ?\gh y suppress ! t]m :it5ess1 y d n suppress "s :ite ?+1#be ?\gh1 ( c\rse1 if ! p>ticul> :it5ess inh]e z an accid5t 9 ! ?+1 ! ?+ disappe>s z soon z y suppress ! accid5tal quality :it5ess4 ,b 9 ! case ( ma/]1 if y suppress ! t]m slave1 ! t]m ma/] disappe>s4 ,b slave is n an accid5tal quality ( ma/]1 z :it5ess is ( a :ite ?+2 x d5otes ! p[] :i* ! ma/] has ov] ! slave4 ,n[ s9ce ! p[] goes :5 ! slave is remov$1 x is pla9 t p[] is no accid5t to ! sub/ance ( ma/]1 b is an adv5titi\s augm5tation aris+ f ! possession ( slaves4 ,x _c !re=e be affirm$ t a category ( relation increases1 decreases1 or alt]s 9 any way ! sub/ance ( ! ?+ to :i* x is appli$4 ,! category ( relation1 !n1 has no?+ to d ) ! ess5ce ( ! subject2 x simply d5otes a condition ( relativity1 & t n necess>ily to some?+ else1 b sometimes to ! subject itself4 ,= suppose a man /&+4 ,if ,i g up to him on my "r & /& beside him1 he w be left1 9 relation to me1 n because he is left 9 himself1 b because ,i h come up to him on my "r4 ,aga91 if ,i come up to him on my left1 he becomes "r 9 relation to me1 n because he is "r 9 himself1 z he may be :ite or long1 b because he is "r 9 virtue ( my approa*4 ,:at he is dep5ds entirely on me1 & n 9 ! lea/ on ! ess5ce ( 8 be+4 ,accord+ly ^? pr$icates :i* d n d5ote ! ess5tial nature ( a ?+ _c alt]1 *ange1 or di/urb its nature 9 any way4 ,:]e=e if ,fa!r & ,son are pr$icates ( relation1 &1 z we h said1 h no o!r diff]5ce b t ( relation1 & if relation is n ass]t$ ( its subject z ?\gh x 7 ! subject itself & its sub/antial quality1 x w effect no real diff]5ce 9 its subject1 b1 9 a phrase :i* aims at int]pret+ :at we c h>dly und]/&1 a diff]5ce ( p]sons4 ,= x is a canon ( absolute tru? t di/9ctions 9 incorporeal ?+s are e/abli%$ by diff]5ces & n by spatial sep>ation4 ,x _c be said t ,god became ,fa!r by ! addition to ,8 sub/ance ( "s accid5t2 = he nev] began to be ,fa!r1 s9ce ! begett+ ( ! ,son belongs to ,8 v sub/ance2 h[ev]1 ! pr$icate fa!r1 z su*1 is relative4 ,& if we be> 9 m9d all ! propositions made conc]n+ ,god 9 ! previ\s discussion1 we %all admit t ,god ! ,son proce$$ f ,god ! ,fa!r1 & ! ,holy ,gho/ f bo?1 & t ,!y _c possibly be spatially diff]5t1 s9ce ,!y are incorporeal4 ,b s9ce ! ,fa!r is ,god1 ! ,son is ,god1 & ! ,holy ,_s is ,god1 & s9ce !re are 9 ,god no po9ts ( diff]5ce di/+ui%+ ,him f ,god1 ,he diff]s f none ( ! ,o!rs4 ,b :]e !re are no diff]5ces !re is no plurality2 :]e is no plurality !re is ,unity4 ,aga91 no?+ b ,god c be begott5 ( ,god1 & la/ly1 9 concrete enum]ations ! repetition ( units does n produce plurality4 ,?us ! ,unity ( ! ,?ree is suitably e/abli%$4 #bc ,dom9us & s]uus are simil>ly us$ z illu/ration1 ,9 ,cat4 7,migne1 ,p4,l4 lxiv4 #bag74 #bd i4e4 :i* is ext]nal to ! ma/]4 #be i4e4 :i* is ext]nal to ! :it5$ ?+4 ,,vi4 ,s$ quoniam nulla relatio ad se ipsum ref]ri pote/1 idcirco quod ea secundum se ipsum e/ pra$icatio quae relatione c>et1 facta quidem e/ tr9itatis num]ositas 9 eo quod e/ pra$icatio relationis1 s]uata u]o unitas 9 eo quod e/ indiff]5tia uel sub/antiae uel op]ationis uel omn9o eius quae secundum se dicitur pra$icationis4 ,ita igitur sub/antia cont9et unitatem1 relatio multiplicat tr9itatem2 atque ideo sola s+illatim pr(]untur atque sep>atim quae relationis sunt4 ,nam idem pat] qui filius non e/ nec idem ut]que qui spiritus sanctus4 ,idem tam5 deus e/ pat] et filius et spiritus sanctus1 idem iu/us idem bonus idem magnus idem omnia quae secundum se pot]unt pra$ic>i4 ,sane sci5dum e/ non semp] talem esse relatiuam pra$icationem1 ut semp] ad diff]5s pra$icetur1 ut e/ s]uus ad dom9um2 diff]unt enim4 ,nam omne aequale aequali aequale e/ et simile simili simile e/ et idem ei quod e/ idem idem e/2 et similis e/ relatio 9 tr9itate patris ad filium et utriusque ad spiritum sanctum ut eius quod e/ idem ad id quod e/ idem4 ,quod si id 9 cunctis aliis rebus non pote/ inu5iri1 facit hoc cognata caducis rebus alt]itas4 ,nos u]o nulla imag9atione diduci s$ simplici intellectu erigi et ut quidque intellegi pote/ ita aggr$i etiam intellectu oportet4 ,s$ de proposita quae/ione satis dictum e/4 ,nunc ue/ri normam iudicii exspectat subtilitas quae/ionis2 quae utrum recte decursa sit an m9ime1 ue/rae /atuet pronuntiationis auctoritas4 ,quod si s5t5tiae fidei fundam5tis sponte firmissimae opitulante gratia diu9a idonea argum5torum adium5ta prae/itimus1 illuc p]fecti op]is laetitia remeabit unde u5it effectus4 ,quod si ultra se humanitas nequiuit asc5d]e1 quantum inbecillitas subtrahit uota supplebunt4 ,,vi4 ,b s9ce no relation c be affirm$ ( "o subject alone1 s9ce a pr$ication ref]r+ to "o sub/ance is a pr$ication )\t relation1 ! manifoldness ( ! ,tr9ity is secur$ ?r\gh ! category ( relation1 & ! ,unity is ma9ta9$ ?r\gh ! fact t !re is no diff]5ce ( sub/ance1 or op]ation1 or g5]ally ( any sub/antial pr$icate4 ,s !n1 ! category ( sub/ance pres]ves ! ,unity1 t ( relation br+s ab\t ! ,tr9ity4 ,h5ce only t]ms belong+ to relation may be appli$ s+ly to ,ea*4 ,= ! ,fa!r is n ! same z ! ,son1 nor is ei!r ( ,!m ! same z ! ,holy ,_s4 ,yet ,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,_s are ea* ! same ,god1 ! same 9 ju/ice1 9 goodness1 9 greatness1 & 9 ev]y?+ t c be pr$icat$ ( sub/ance4 ,"o mu/ n =get t pr$icates ( relativity d n always involve relation to some?+ o!r ?an ! subject1 z slave involves ma/]1 :]e ! two t]ms are diff]5t4 ,= equals are equal1 l are l1 id5ticals are id5tical1 ea* ) o!r1 & ! relation ( ,fa!r to ,son1 & ( bo? to ,holy ,_s is a relation ( id5ticals4 ,a relation ( ?is k9d is n to be f\nd 9 creat$ ?+s1 b t is because ( ! diff]5ce :i* we "k atta*es to transi5t objects4 ,we mu/ n 9 speak+ ( ,god let imag9ation lead u a/ray2 we mu/ let ! ,faculty ( pure ,k lift u up & tea* u to "k all ?+s z f> z !y may be kn[n4#bf ,i h n[ f9i%$ ! inve/igation :i* ,i propos$4 ,! exactness ( my reason+ awaits ! /&>d ( y\r judgm5t2 y\r au?ority w pron\nce :e!r ,i h se5 a /raight pa? to ! goal4 ,if1 ,god help+ me1 ,i h furni%$ "s support 9 argum5t to an article :i* /&s by itself on ! firm f\ndation ( ,fai?1 ,i %all r5d] joy\s praise = ! f9i%$ "w to ,him f :om ! invitation comes4 ,b if human nature has fail$ to rea* beyond its limits1 :atev] is lo/ ?r\gh my infirmity mu/ be made good by my int5tion4 #bf ,cf4 ,cons4 v4 pr4 #d & #e1 especially 9 pr4 #e ! passage qu>e 9 illius summae intelleg5tiae acum5 si possumus erigamur4 ,,anicii ,,manlii ,,sev]9i ,,boe?ii ,v4,c4 ,,et ,,inl4 ,,excons4 ,,ord4 ,,patricii ,,ad ,,iohannem ,,diaconvm ,,vtrvm ,,pat] ,,et ,,filivs ,,et ,,spiritvs ,,sanctvs ,,de ,,div9itate ,,svb/antialit] ,,pra$ic5tvr ,qua]o an pat] et filius ac spiritus sanctus de diu9itate sub/antialit] pra$ic5tur an alio quolibet modo2 uiamque indag9is h9c arbitror esse sum5dam1 unde r]um omnium manife/um con/at exordium1 id e/ ab ipsis ca?olicae fidei fundam5tis4 ,si igitur int]rogem1 an qui dicitur pat] sub/antia sit1 respondetur esse sub/antia4 ,quod si qua]am1 an filius sub/antia sit1 idem dicitur4 ,spiritum quoque sanctum sub/antiam esse nemo dubitau]it4 ,s$ cum rursus colligo patrem filium spiritum sanctum1 non plures s$ una occurrit esse sub/antia4 ,vna igitur sub/antia trium nec sep>>i ullo modo aut disiungi pote/ nec uelut p>tibus 9 unum coniuncta e/1 s$ e/ una simplicit]4 ,quaecumque igitur de diu9a sub/antia pra$icantur1 ea tribus oportet esse communia2 idque signi erit quae s9t quae de diu9itatis sub/antia pra$ic5tur1 quod quaecumque hoc modo dicuntur1 de s+ulis 9 unum collectis tribus s+ul>it] pra$icabuntur4 ,hoc modo si dicimus3 ,pat] deus e/1 filius deus e/1 spiritus sanctus deus e/1 pat] filius ac spiritus sanctus unus deus4 ,si igitur eorum una deitas una sub/antia e/1 licet dei nom5 de diu9itate sub/antialit] pra$ic>i4 ,ita pat] u]itas e/1 filius u]itas e/1 spiritus sanctus u]itas e/2 pat] filius et spiritus sanctus non tres u]itates s$ una u]itas e/4 ,si igitur una 9 8 sub/antia una e/ u]itas1 necesse e/ u]itatem sub/antialit] pra$ic>i4 ,de bonitate de incommutabilitate de iu/itia de omnipot5tia ac de cet]is omnibus quae tam de s+ulis quam de omnibus s+ul>it] pra$icamus manife/um e/ sub/antialit] dici4 ,vnde app>et ea quae cum 9 s+ulis sep>atim dici conu5it nec tam5 9 omnibus dici queunt1 non sub/antialit] pra$ic>i s$ alio modo2 qui u]o i/e sit1 po/]ius qua]am4 ,nam qui pat] e/1 hoc uocabulum non transmittit ad filium neque ad spiritum sanctum4 ,quo fit ut non sit sub/antiale nom5 hoc inditum2 nam si sub/antiale esset1 ut deus ut u]itas ut iu/itia ut ipsa quoque sub/antia1 de cet]is dic]etur4 ,item filius solus hoc recipit nom5 neque cum aliis iungit sicut 9 deo1 sicut 9 u]itate1 sicut 9 cet]is quae sup]ius dixi4 ,spiritus quoque non e/ idem qui pat] ac filius4 ,ex 8 igitur intellegimus patrem ac filium ac spiritum sanctum non de ipsa diu9itate sub/antialit] dici s$ alio quodam modo2 si enim sub/antialit] pra$ic>etur1 et de s+ulis et de omnibus s+ul>it] dic]etur4 ,haec u]o ad aliquid dici manife/um e/2 nam et pat] alicuius pat] e/ et filius alicuius filius e/1 spiritus alicuius spiritus4 ,quo fit1 ut ne tr9itas quidem sub/antialit] de deo pra$icetur2 non enim pat] tr9itas 7qui enim pat] e/1 filius ac spiritus sanctus non e/7 nec tr9itas filius nec tr9itas spiritus sanctus secundum eundem modum1 s$ tr9itas quidem 9 p]son>um pluralitate consi/it1 unitas u]o 9 sub/antiae simplicitate4 ,quod si p]sonae diuisae sunt1 sub/antia u]o indiuisa sit1 necesse e/ quod uocabulum ex p]sonis orig9em capit id ad sub/antiam non p]t9]e2 at tr9itatem p]son>um diu]sitas fecit1 tr9itas igitur non p]t9et ad sub/antiam4 ,quo fit ut neque pat] neque filius neque spiritus sanctus neque tr9itas de deo sub/antialit] pra$icetur1 s$ ut dictum e/ ad aliquid4 ,deus u]o u]itas iu/itia bonitas omnipot5tia sub/antia inmutabilitas uirtus sapi5tia et quicquid huiusmodi excogit>i pote/ sub/antialit] de diu9itate dicuntur4 ,haec si se recte et ex fide hab5t1 ut me in/ruas peto2 aut si aliqua re =te diu]sus es1 dilig5tius intu]e quae dicta sunt et fidem si pot]it rationemque coniunge4 ,,anicius ,,manlius ,,sev]9us ,,boe?ius ,,mo/ ,,hon\rable1 ,,( ,,! ,,illu/ri\s ,,ord] ,,( ,,ex-,,consuls1 ,,patrician ,,to ,,john ,,! ,,deacon ,,:e!r ,,fa!r1 ,,son1 ,,& ,,holy ,,_s ,,may ,,be ,,sub/antially ,,pr$icat$ ,,( ,,! ,,div9ity ,! "q be=e u is :e!r ,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,_s may be pr$icat$ ( ! ,div9ity sub/antially or o!rwise4 ,& ,i ?9k t ! me?od ( our inquiry mu/ be borr[$ f :at is admitt$ly ! sure/ s\rce ( all tru?1 namely1 ! fundam5tal doctr9es ( ! ca?olic fai?4 ,if1 !n1 ,i ask :e!r ,he :o is call$ ,fa!r is a sub/ance1 ! answ] w be yes4 ,if ,i ask :e!r ! ,son is a sub/ance1 ! reply w be ! same4 ,s1 too1 no "o w hesitate to affirm t ! ,holy ,_s is also a sub/ance4 ,b :51 on ! o!r h&1 ,i take toge!r all ?ree1 ,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,_s1 ! result is n ?ree sub/ances b "o sub/ance4 ,! "o sub/ance ( ! ,?ree1 !n1 _c be sep>at$ or divid$1 nor is x made up ( v>i\s p>ts1 comb9$ into "o3 x is simply "o4 ,ev]y?+1 !re=e1 t is affirm$ ( ! div9e sub/ance mu/ be common to ! ,?ree1 & we c recognize :at pr$icates may be affirm$ ( ! sub/ance ( ! godhead by ?is sign1 t all ^? :i* are affirm$ ( x may also be affirm$ sev]ally ( ea* ( ! ,?ree comb9$ into "o4 ,= in/ance if we say ! ,fa!r is ,god1 ! ,son is ,god1 & ! ,holy ,_s is ,god1 !n ,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,_s are "o ,god4 ,if !n _! "o godhead is "o sub/ance1 ! "n ( ,god may ) "r be pr$icat$ sub/antially ( ! ,div9ity4 ,simil>ly ! ,fa!r is tru?1 ! ,son is tru?1 & ! ,holy ,_s is tru?2 ,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,_s are n ?ree tru?s1 b "o tru?4 ,if1 !n1 !y are "o sub/ance & "o tru?1 tru? mu/ ( necessity be a sub/antial pr$icate4 ,s ,goodness1 ,immutability1 ,ju/ice1 ,omnipot5ce & all ! o!r pr$icates :i* we apply to ! ,p]sons s+ly & collectively are pla9ly sub/antial pr$icates4 ,h5ce x appe>s t :at may be pr$icat$ ( ea* s+le ,"o b n ( all ,?ree is n a sub/antial pr$icate1 b ( ano!r k9d--( :at k9d ,i w exam9e pres5tly4 ,= ,he :o is ,fa!r does n transmit ?is "n to ! ,son nor to ! ,holy ,_s4 ,h5ce x foll[s t ?is "n is n atta*$ to ,him z some?+ sub/antial2 = if x 7 a sub/antial pr$icate1 z ,god1 tru?1 ju/ice1 or sub/ance itself1 x w\ld be affirm$ ( ! o!r ,p]sons4 ,simil>ly ! ,son alone receives ?is "n2 nor does ,he associate x ) ! o!r ,p]sons1 z 9 ! case ( ! titles ,god1 tru?1 & ! o!r pr$icates :i* ,i h already m5tion$4 ,! ,_s too is n ! same z ! ,fa!r & ! ,son4 ,h5ce we ga!r t ,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,_s are n pr$icat$ ( ! ,div9ity 9 a sub/antial mann]1 b o!rwise4#bg ,= if ea* t]m 7 pr$icat$ sub/antially x w\ld be affirm$ ( ! ?ree ,p]sons bo? sep>ately & collectively4 ,x is evid5t t ^! t]ms are relative1 = ! ,fa!r is "s "o's ,fa!r1 ! ,son is "s "o's ,son1 ! ,_s is "s "o's ,_s4 ,h5ce n ev5 ,tr9ity may be sub/antially#bh pr$icat$ ( ,god2 = ! ,fa!r is n ,tr9ity--s9ce ,he :o is ,fa!r is n ,son & ,holy ,_s--nor yet1 by p>ity ( reason+1 is ! ,son ,tr9ity nor ! ,holy ,_s ,tr9ity1 b ! ,tr9ity consi/s 9 div]sity ( ,p]sons1 ! ,unity 9 simplicity ( sub/ance4 ,n[ if ! ,p]sons are sep>ate1 :ile ! ,sub/ance is undivid$1 x mu/ ne$s be t t t]m :i* is d]iv$ f ,p]sons does n belong to ,sub/ance4 ,b ! ,tr9ity is effect$ by div]sity ( ,p]sons1 :]e=e ,tr9ity does n belong to ,sub/ance4 ,h5ce nei!r ,fa!r1 nor ,son1 nor ,holy ,_s1 nor ,tr9ity c be sub/antially pr$icat$ ( ,god1 b only relatively1 z we h said4 ,b ,god1 ,tru?1 ,ju/ice1 ,goodness1 ,omnipot5ce1 ,sub/ance1 ,immutability1 ,virtue1 ,wisdom & all o!r conceivable pr$icates ( ! k9d are applicable sub/antially to div9ity4 ,if ,i am "r & speak 9 accordance ) ! ,fai?1 ,i pray y confirm me4 ,b if y are 9 any po9t ( ano!r op9ion1 exam9e c>efully :at ,i h said1 & if possible1 reconcile fai? & reason4#bi #bg i4e4 p]sonalit] 7,ioh4 ,scottus ad loc474 #bh i4e4 s$ p]sonalit] 7,ioh4 ,scottus ad loc474 #bi ,vide supra1 ,introduction1 p4 xii4 ,,item ,,eivsdem ,,ad ,,evndem ,,qvomodo ,,svb/antiae ,,9 ,,eo ,,qvod ,,s9t ,,bonae ,,s9t ,,cvm ,,non ,,s9t ,,svb/antialia ,,bona ,po/ulas1 ut ex ,hebdomadibus no/ris eius quae/ionis obscuritatem quae cont9et modum quo sub/antiae 9 eo quod s9t bonae s9t1 cum non s9t sub/antialia bona1 dig]am et paulo euid5tius mon/rem2 idque eo dicis esse faci5dum1 quod non sit omnibus notum it] huiusmodi scriptionum4 ,tuus u]o te/is ipse sum quam haec uiuacit] fu]is ante complexus4 ,hebdomadas u]o ego mihi ipse comm5tor potiusque ad memoriam meam speculata cons]uo quam cuiquam p>ticipo quorum lasciuia ac petulantia nihil a ioco risuque patitur esse seiunctum4#cj ,proh9c tu ne sis obscuritatibus breuitatis adu]sus1 quae cum s9t arcani fida cu/odia tum id hab5t commodi1 quod cum 8 solis qui digni sunt conloquuntur4 ,vt igitur 9 ma!matica fi]i solet cet]isque etiam discipl9is1 praeposui t]m9os regulasque quibus cuncta quae sequuntur efficiam4 ,i4 ,communis animi conceptio e/ enuntiatio quam quisque probat auditam4 ,h>um duplex modus e/4 ,nam una ita communis e/1 ut omnium sit hom9um1 ueluti si hanc proponas3 ,si duobus aequalibus aequalia auf]as1 quae rel9quantur aequalia esse1 nullus id intelleg5s neget4 ,alia u]o e/ doctorum tantum1 quae tam5 ex talibus communis animi conceptionibus u5it1 ut e/3 ,quae incorporalia sunt1 9 loco non esse1 et cet]a2 quae non uulgus s$ docti comprobant4 ,,ii4 ,diu]sum e/ esse et id quod e/2 ipsum enim esse nondum e/1 at u]o quod e/ accepta ess5di =ma e/ atque consi/it4 ,,iii4 ,quod e/ p>ticip>e aliquo pote/1 s$ ipsum esse nullo modo aliquo p>ticipat4 ,fit enim p>ticipatio cum aliquid iam e/2 e/ autem aliquid1 cum esse suscep]it4 ,,iv4 ,id quod e/ hab]e aliquid praet]quam quod ipsum e/ pote/2 ipsum u]o esse nihil aliud praet] se habet admixtum4 ,v4 ,diu]sum e/ tantum esse aliquid et esse aliquid 9 eo quod e/2 illic enim accid5s hic sub/antia significatur4 ,,vi4 ,omne quod e/#ca p>ticipat eo quod e/ esse ut sit2 alio u]o p>ticipat ut aliquid sit4 ,ac p] hoc id quod e/ p>ticipat eo quod e/ esse ut sit2 e/ u]o ut p>ticipet alio quolibet4 ,,vii4 ,omne simplex esse suum et id quod e/ unum habet4 ,,viii4 ,omni composito aliud e/ esse1 aliud ipsum e/4 ,,ix4 ,omnis diu]sitas discors1 similitudo u]o appet5da e/2 et quod appetit aliud1 tale ipsum esse naturalit] o/5ditur quale e/ illud hoc ipsum quod appetit4 ,sufficiunt igitur quae praemisimus2 a prud5te u]o rationis int]prete suis unumquodque aptabitur argum5tis4 ,quae/io u]o huiusmodi e/4 ,ea quae sunt bona sunt2 t5et enim communis s5t5tia doctorum omne quod e/ ad bonum t5d]e1 omne autem t5dit ad simile4 ,quae igitur ad bonum t5dunt bona ipsa sunt4 ,s$ quemadmodum bona s9t1 inquir5dum e/1 utrumne p>ticipatione an sub/antia8 ,si p>ticipatione1 p] se ipsa nullo modo bona sunt2 nam quod p>ticipatione album e/1 p] se 9 eo quod ipsum e/ album non e/4 ,et de cet]is qualitatibus eodem modo4 ,si igitur p>ticipatione sunt bona1 ipsa p] se nullo modo bona sunt3 non igitur ad bonum t5dunt4 ,s$ concessum e/4 ,non igitur p>ticipatione sunt bona s$ sub/antia4 ,quorum u]o sub/antia bona e/1 id quod sunt bona sunt2 id quod sunt autem hab5t ex eo quod e/ esse4 ,esse igitur ipsorum bonum e/2 omnium igitur r]um ipsum esse bonum e/4 ,s$ si esse bonum e/1 ea quae sunt 9 eo quod sunt bona sunt idemque illis e/ esse quod boni esse2 sub/antialia igitur bona sunt1 quoniam non p>ticipant bonitatem4 ,quod si ipsum esse 9 eis bonum e/1 non e/ dubium qu9 sub/antialia cum s9t bona1 primo s9t bono similia ac p] hoc hoc ipsum bonum erunt2 nihil enim illi praet] se ipsum simile e/4 ,ex quo fit ut omnia quae sunt deus s9t1 quod dictu nefas e/4 ,non sunt igitur sub/antialia bona ac p] hoc non 9 8 e/ esse bonum2 non sunt igitur 9 eo quod sunt bona4 ,s$ nec p>ticipant bonitatem2 nullo enim modo ad bonum t5d]5t4 ,nullo modo igitur sunt bona4 ,huic quae/ioni talis pot]it adhib]i solutio4 ,multa sunt quae cum sep>>i actu non possunt1 animo tam5 et cogitatione sep>antur2 ut cum triangulum uel cet]a a subiecta mat]ia nullus actu sep>at1 m5te tam5 segregans ipsum triangulum proprietatemque eius praet] mat]iam speculatur4 ,am\eamus igitur primi boni praes5tiam paulisp] ex animo1 quod esse quidem con/at idque ex omnium doctorum indoctorumque s5t5tia b>b>>umque g5tium religionibus cognosci pote/4 ,hoc igitur paulisp] amoto ponamus omnia esse quae sunt bona atque ea consid]emus quemadmodum bona esse poss5t1 si a primo bono m9ime defluxiss5t4 ,h9c intueor aliud 9 eis esse quod bona sunt1 aliud quod sunt4 ,ponatur enim una eademque sub/antia bona esse alba1 grauis1 rotunda4 ,tunc aliud esset ipsa illa sub/antia1 aliud eius rotunditas1 aliud color1 aliud bonitas2 nam si haec s+ula idem ess5t quod ipsa sub/antia1 idem esset grauitas quod color1 quod bonum et bonum quod grauitas--quod fi]i natura non s9it4 ,aliud igitur tunc 9 eis esset esse1 aliud aliquid esse1 ac tunc bona quidem ess5t1 esse tam5 ipsum m9ime hab]5t bonum4 ,igitur si ullo modo ess5t1 non a bono ac bona ess5t ac non idem ess5t quod bona1 s$ eis aliud esset esse aliud bonis esse4 ,quod si nihil omn9o aliud ess5t nisi bona neque grauia neque colorata neque spatii dim5sione di/5ta nec ulla 9 eis qualitas esset1 nisi tantum bona ess5t1 tunc non res s$ r]um uid]etur esse pr9cipium nec potius uid]5tur1 s$ uid]etur2 unum enim solumque e/ huiusmodi1 quod tantum bonum aliudque nihil sit4 ,quae quoniam non sunt simplicia1 nec esse omn9o pot]ant1 nisi ea id quod solum bonum e/ esse uoluisset4 ,idcirco quoniam esse eorum a boni uoluntate defluxit1 bona esse dicuntur4 ,primum enim bonum1 quoniam e/1 9 eo quod e/ bonum e/2 secundum u]o bonum1 quoniam ex eo fluxit cuius ipsum esse bonum e/1 ipsum quoque bonum e/4 ,s$ ipsum esse omnium r]um ex eo fluxit quod e/ primum bonum et quod bonum tale e/ ut recte dicatur 9 eo quod e/ esse bonum4 ,ipsum igitur eorum esse bonum e/2 tunc enim 9 eo4 ,qua 9 re soluta quae/io e/4 ,idcirco enim licet 9 eo quod s9t bona s9t1 non sunt tam5 similia primo bono1 quoniam non quoquo modo s9t res ipsum esse e>um bonum e/1 s$ quoniam non pote/ esse ipsum esse r]um1 nisi a primo esse deflux]it1 id e/ bono2 idcirco ipsum esse bonum e/ nec e/ simile ei a quo e/4 ,illud enim quoquo modo sit bonum e/ 9 eo quod e/2 non enim aliud e/ praet]quam bonum4 ,hoc autem nisi ab illo esset1 bonum =tasse esse posset1 s$ bonum 9 eo quod e/ esse non posset4 ,tunc enim p>ticip>et =sitan bono2 ipsum u]o esse quod non hab]5t a bono1 bonum hab]e non poss5t4 ,igitur sublato ab 8 bono primo m5te et cogitatione1 i/a licet ess5t bona1 tam5 9 eo quod ess5t bona esse non poss5t1 et quoniam actu non potu]e exsi/]e1 nisi illud ea quod u]e bonum e/ produxisset1 idcirco et esse eorum bonum e/ et non e/ simile sub/antiali bono id quod ab eo fluxit2 et nisi ab eo fluxiss5t1 licet ess5t bona1 tam5 9 eo quod sunt bona esse non poss5t1 quoniam et praet] bonum et non ex bono ess5t1 cum illud ipsum bonum primum e/ et ipsum esse sit et ipsum bonum et ipsum esse bonum4 ,at non etiam alba 9 eo quod sunt alba esse oportebit ea quae alba sunt1 quoniam ex uoluntate dei flux]unt ut ess5t1 alba m9ime4 ,aliud e/ enim esse1 aliud albis esse2 hoc ideo1 quoniam qui ea ut ess5t effecit bonus quidem e/1 m9ime u]o albus4 ,voluntatem igitur boni comitatum e/ ut ess5t bona 9 eo quod sunt2 uoluntatem u]o non albi non e/ comitata talis eius quod e/ proprietas ut esset album 9 eo quod e/2 neque enim ex albi uoluntate deflux]unt4 ,itaque quia uoluit esse ea alba qui erat non albus1 sunt alba tantum2 quia u]o uoluit ea esse bona qui erat bonus1 sunt bona 9 eo quod sunt4 ,secundum hanc igitur rationem cuncta oportet esse iu/a1 quoniam ipse iu/us e/ qui ea esse uoluit8 ,ne hoc quidem4 ,nam bonum esse ess5tiam1 iu/um u]o esse actum respicit4 ,idem autem e/ 9 eo esse quod ag]e2 idem igitur bonum esse quod iu/um4 ,nobis u]o non e/ idem esse quod ag]e2 non enim simplices sumus4 ,non e/ igitur nobis idem bonis esse quod iu/is1 s$ idem nobis e/ esse omnibus 9 eo quod sumus4 ,bona igitur omnia sunt1 non etiam iu/a4 ,amplius bonum quidem g5]ale e/1 iu/um u]o speciale nec species desc5dit 9 omnia4 ,idcirco alia quidem iu/a alia aliud omnia bona4 #cj seiunct4 ,r&2 coniunct4 codd4 opt42 disiunct4 vulg4 ,vall9us4 #ca e/ codd4 inf]iores2 om4 codd4 opt4 ,,f ,,! ,,same ,,to ,,! ,,same ,,h[ ,,sub/ances ,,c ,,be ,,good ,,9 ,,virtue ,,( ,,_! ,,exi/5ce ,,)\t ,,be+ ,,absolute ,,goods ,y ask me to /ate & expla9 some:at m cle>ly t obscure "q 9 my ,hebdomads#cb conc]n+ ! mann] 9 :i* sub/ances c be good 9 virtue ( exi/5ce )\t be+ absolute goods4#cc ,y urge t ?is demon/ration is necess>y because ! me?od ( ?is k9d ( treatise is n cle> to all4 ,i c be> witness ) :at eag]ness y h already attack$ ! subject4 ,b ,i confess ,i l to exp\nd my ,hebdomads to myself1 & w\ld r bury my speculations 9 my own memory ?an %>e !m ) any ( ^? p]t & frivol\s p]sons :o w n tol]ate an argum5t unless x is made amus+4 ,:]e=e d n y take objection to ! obscurity t waits on brevity2 = obscurity is ! sure treasure-h\se ( secret doctr9e & has ! fur!r advantage t x speaks a language und]/ood only ( ^? :o des]ve to und]/&4 ,i h !re=e foll[$ ! example ( ! ma!matical#cd & cognate sci5ces & laid d[n b\nds & rules accord+ to :i* ,i %all develop all t foll[s4 ,i4 ,a common conception is a /atem5t g5]ally accept$ z soon z x is made4 ,( ^! !re are two k9ds4 ,"o is univ]sally intelligible2 z1 = in/ance1 if equals be tak5 f equals ! rema9d]s are equal4 ,nobody :o grasps t proposition w d5y x4 ,! o!r k9d is intelligible only to ! le>n$1 b x is d]iv$ f ! same class ( common conceptions2 z ,incorporeals _c occupy space1 & ! l4 ,?is is obvi\s to ! le>n$ b n to ! common h]d4 ,,ii4 ,be+ & a concrete ?+#ce are diff]5t4 ,simple ,be+ awaits manife/ation1 b a ?+ is & exi/s#cf z soon z x has receiv$ ! =m :i* gives x ,be+4 ,,iii4 ,a concrete ?+ c p>ticipate 9 some?+ else2 b absolute ,be+ c 9 no wise p>ticipate 9 any?+4 ,= p>ticipation is effect$ :5 a ?+ already is2 b x is some?+ aft] x has acquir$ ,be+4 ,,iv4 ,t :i* exi/s c possess some?+ besides itself4 ,b absolute ,be+ has no admixture ( aught besides ,itself4 ,v4 ,m]ely to be some?+ & to be some?+ absolutely are diff]5t2 ! =m] implies accid5ts1 ! latt] connotes a sub/ance4 ,,vi4 ,ev]y?+ t is p>ticipates 9 absolute ,be+#cg ?r\gh ! fact t x exi/s4 ,9 ord] to be some?+ x p>ticipates 9 some?+ else4 ,h5ce t :i* exi/s p>ticipates 9 absolute ,be+ ?r\gh ! fact t x exi/s1 b x exi/s 9 ord] to p>ticipate 9 some?+ else4 ,,vii4 ,e simple ?+ possesses z a unity its absolute & its p>ticul> ,be+4 ,,viii4 ,9 e composite ?+ absolute & individual ,be+ are n "o & ! same4 ,,ix4 ,div]sity repels2 lik5ess attracts4 ,t :i* seeks some?+ outside itself is demon/rably ( ! same nature z t :i* x seeks4 ,^! prelim9>ies are en\gh !n = our purpose4 ,! intellig5t int]pret] ( ! discussion w supply ! argum5ts appropriate to ea* po9t4 ,n[ ! problem is ?is4 ,?+s :i* are1 are good4 ,= all ! le>n$ are agre$ t e exi/+ ?+ t5ds to good & ev]y?+ t5ds to its l4 ,!re=e ?+s :i* t5d to good are good4 ,we mu/1 h[ev]1 inquire h[ !y are good--by p>ticipation or by sub/ance4 ,if by p>ticipation1 !y are 9 no wise good 9 !mselves2 = a ?+ :i* is :ite by p>ticipation 9 :it5ess is n :ite 9 itself by virtue ( absolute ,be+4 ,s ) all o!r qualities4 ,if !n !y are good by p>ticipation1 !y are n good 9 !mselves2 !re=e !y d n t5d to good4 ,b we h agre$ t !y d4 ,!re=e !y are good n by p>ticipation b by sub/ance4 ,b ^? ?+s ^: sub/ance is good are sub/antially good4 ,b !y owe _! actual ,be+ to absolute ,be+4 ,_! absolute ,be+ !re=e is good2 !re=e ! absolute ,be+ ( all ?+s is good4 ,b if _! ,be+ is good1 ?+s :i* exi/ are good ?r\gh ! fact t !y exi/ & _! absolute ,be+ is ! same z t ( ! ,good4 ,!re=e !y are sub/antial goods1 s9ce !y d n m]ely p>ticipate 9 goodness4 ,b if _! absolute ,be+ is good1 !re is no d\bt b t1 s9ce !y are sub/antial goods1 !y are l ! ,fir/ ,good & !re=e !y w h to be t ,good4 ,= no?+ is l ,x save ,itself4 ,h5ce all ?+s t are1 are ,god--an impi\s ass]tion4 ,:]e=e ?+s are n sub/antial goods1 & s ! ess5ce ( ! ,good does n reside 9 !m4 ,!re=e !y are n good ?r\gh ! fact t !y exi/4 ,b nei!r d !y receive good by p>ticipation1 = !y w\ld 9 no wise t5d to good4 ,!re=e !y are 9 no wise good4#ch ,?is problem admits ( ! foll[+ solution4#ci ,!re are _m ?+s :i* c be sep>at$ by a m5tal process1 ?\gh !y _c be sep>at$ 9 fact4 ,no "o1 = in/ance1 c actually sep>ate a triangle or o!r ma!matical figure f ! und]ly+ matt]2 b m5tally "o c consid] a triangle & its prop]ties ap>t f matt]4 ,let u1 !re=e1 remove f our m9ds = a mom5t ! pres5ce ( ! ,prime ,good1 ^: ,be+ is admitt$ by ! univ]sal cons5sus ( le>n$ & unle>n$ op9ion & c be d$uc$ f ! religi\s beliefs ( savage races4 ,! ,prime ,good hav+ be5 ?us = a mom5t put aside1 let u po/ulate z good all ?+s t are1 & let u consid] h[ !y c\ld possibly be good if !y did n d]ive f ! ,prime ,good4 ,?is process leads me to p]ceive t _! ,goodness & _! exi/5ce are two diff]5t ?+s4 ,= let me suppose t "o & ! same sub/ance is good1 :ite1 heavy1 & r\nd4 ,!n x mu/ be admitt$ t its sub/ance1 r\ndness1 col\r1 & goodness are all diff]5t ?+s4 ,= if ea* ( ^! qualities 7 ! same z its sub/ance1 weight w\ld be ! same ?+ z col\r or goodness1 & goodness w\ld be ! same z col\r2 :i* is contr>y to nature4 ,_! ,be+ !n 9 t case w\ld be "o ?+1 _! quality ano!r1 & !y w\ld be good1 b !y w\ld n h _! absolute ,be+ good4 ,!re=e if !y really exi/$ at all1 !y w\ld n be f good nor good1 !y w\ld n be ! same z good1 b ,be+ & ,goodness w\ld be = !m two diff]5t ?+s4 ,b if !y 7 no?+ else b good sub/ances1 & 7 nei!r heavy1 nor col\r$1 & possess$ nei!r spatial dim5sion nor quality1 beyond t ( goodness1 !y 7or r x7 w\ld seem to be n ?+s b ! pr9ciple ( ?+s4 ,= !re is "o ?+ alone t is by nature good to ! exclusion ( e o!r quality4 ,b s9ce !y are n simple1 !y c\ld n ev5 exi/ at all unless t :i* is ! "o sole ,good will$ !m to be4 ,!y are call$ good simply because _! ,be+ is d]iv$ f ! ,w ( ! ,good4 ,= ! ,prime ,good is ess5tially good 9 virtue ( ,be+2 ! second>y good is 9 its turn good because x d]ives f ! good ^: absolute ,be+ is good4 ,b ! absolute ,be+ ( all ?+s d]ives f ! ,prime ,good :i* is su* t ( ,x ,be+ & ,goodness are rightly pr$icat$ z id5tical4 ,_! absolute ,be+ !re=e is good2 = !reby x resides 9 ,him4 ,!reby ! problem is solv$4 ,= ?\gh ?+s be good ?r\gh ! fact t !y exi/1 !y are n l ! ,prime ,good1 = ! simple reason t _! absolute ,be+ is n good "u all circum/ances1 b t ?+s c h no absolute ,be+ unless x d]ive f ! ,prime ,be+1 t is1 ! ,prime ,good2 _! sub/ance1 !re=e1 is good1 & yet x is n l t f :i* x comes4 ,= ! ,prime ,good is good ?r\gh ! fact t x exi/s1 irrespective ( all conditions1 = x is no?+ else ?an good2 b ! second good if x d]iv$ f any o!r s\rce might be good1 b c\ld n be good ?r\gh ! fact t x exi/s4 ,= 9 t case x might possibly p>ticipate 9 good1 b _! sub/antial ,be+1 n d]iv+ f ! ,prime ,good1 c\ld n h ! elem5t ( good4 ,!re=e :5 we h put out ( m9d ! ,prime ,good1 ^! ?+s1 ?\gh !y might be good1 w\ld n be good ?r\gh ! fact t !y exi/1 & s9ce !y c\ld n actually exi/ unless ! true good _h produc$ !m1 !re=e _! ,be+ is good1 & yet t :i* spr+s f ! sub/antial ,good is n l its s\rce :i* produces x4 ,& unless !y _h d]iv$ f x1 ?\gh !y 7 good yet !y c\ld n be good ?r\gh ! fact t !y exi/ because !y 7 ap>t f good & n d]iv$ f good1 s9ce t v good is ! ,prime ,good & is sub/antial ,be+ & sub/antial ,good & ess5tial ,goodness4 ,b we ne$ n say t :ite ?+s are :ite ?r\gh ! fact t !y exi/2 = !y drew _! exi/5ce f ! w ( ,god1 b n _! :it5ess4 ,= to be is "o ?+2 to be :ite is ano!r2 & t because ,he :o gave !m ,be+ is good1 b n :ite4 ,x is !re=e 9 accordance ) ! w ( ! ,good t !y %\ld be good ?r\gh ! fact t !y exi/2 b x is n 9 accordance ) ! w ( "o :o is n :ite t a ?+ h a c]ta9 prop]ty mak+ x :ite 9 virtue ( its ,be+2 = x 0 n ! w ( ,"o :o is :ite t gave !m ,be+4 ,& s !y are :ite simply because ,"o :o 0 n :ite will$ !m to be :ite2 b !y are good ?r\gh ! fact t !y exi/ because ,"o :o 0 good will$ !m to be good4 ,ought1 !n1 by p>ity ( reason1 all ?+s to be j because ,he is j :o will$ !m to be8 ,t is n s ei!r4 ,= to be good involves ,be+1 to be j involves an act4 ,= ,him be+ & action are id5tical2 to be good & to be j are "o & ! same = ,him4 ,b be+ & action are n id5tical = u1 = we are n simple4 ,= u1 !n1 goodness is n ! same ?+ z ju/ice1 b we all h ! same sort ( ,be+ 9 virtue ( our exi/5ce4 ,!re=e all ?+s are good1 b all ?+s are n j4 ,f9ally1 good is a g5]al1 b j is a species1 & ?is species does n apply to all4 ,:]e=e "s ?+s are j1 o!rs are some?+ else1 b all ?+s are good4 #cb ,simil>ly ,porphyry divid$ ! works ( ,plot9us into six ,enneades or gr\ps ( n9e4 #cc ,cf4 discussion on ! nature ( good 9 ,cons4 iii4 m4 #aj & pr4 #aa 7infra1 pp4 #bgd ff474 #cd ,on ?is ma!matical me?od ( exposition cf4 ,cons4 iii4 pr4 #aj 7infra1 p4 #bgj74 #ce ,esse ,ari/otle's ,greek3 to ti e/i2 id quod e/ ,greek3 tode ti4 #cf ,consi/]e ,greek3 hypo/a5ai4 #cg ,id quod e/ esse ,greek3 to ti a5 e9ai4 #ch ,cf4 ! simil> r$uctio ad absurdum 9 ,tr4 #e 7infra1 p4 #ih7 & 9 ,cons4 v4 pr4 #c 7infra1 p4 #cgd74 #ci ,vide supra1 p4 #f1 n4 b4 ,,de ,,fide ,,ca?olica ,*ri/ianam fidem n\i ac uet]is te/am5ti p&it auctoritas2 et quamuis nom5 ipsum ,*ri/i uetus intra semet cont9u]it in/rum5tum eumque semp] signau]it affuturum quem cr$imus p] p>tum uirg9is iam u5isse1 tam5 9 orbem t]r>um ab ipsius no/ri saluatoris mirabili manasse probatur adu5tu4 ,haec autem religio no/ra1 quae uocatur *ri/iana atque ca?olica1 8 fundam5tis pr9cipalit] nititur ass]5s3 ex aet]no1 id e/ ante mundi con/itutionem1 ante omne uidelicet quod temporis pote/ ret9]e uocabulum1 diu9am patris et filii ac spiritus sancti ex/itisse sub/antiam1 ita ut deum dicat patrem1 deum filium1 deum spiritum sanctum1 nec tam5 tres deos s$ unum3 patrem itaque hab]e filium ex sua sub/antia g5itum et sibi nota ratione coaet]num1 quem filium eat5us confitetur1 ut non sit idem qui pat] e/3 neque patrem aliqu&o fuisse filium1 ne rursus 9 inf9itum humanus animus diu9am prog5iem cogit>et1 neque filium 9 eadem natura qua patri coaet]nus e/ aliqu&o fi]i patrem1 ne rursus 9 inf9itum diu9a prog5ies t5d]etur3 sanctum u]o spiritum neque patrem esse neque filium atque ideo 9 illa natura nec g5itum nec g5]antem s$ a patre quoque proc$5tem uel filio2 qui sit tam5 processionis i/ius modus ita non possumus euid5t] dic]e1 quemadmodum g5]ationem filii ex pat]na sub/antia non pote/ humanus animus ae/im>e4 ,haec autem ut cr$antur uetus ac n\a in=mat in/ructio4 ,de qua uelut arce religionis no/rae multi diu]sa et humanit] atque ut ita dicam c>nalit] s5ti5tes adu]sa locuti sunt1 ut ,arrius qui licet deum dicat filium1 m9orem tam5 patre multiplicit] et extra patris sub/antiam confitetur4 ,sabelliani quoque non tres exsi/5tes p]sonas s$ unam ausi sunt affirm>e1 eundem dic5tes patrem esse qui filius e/ eundemque filium qui pat] e/ atque spiritum sanctum eundem esse qui pat] et filius e/2 ac p] hoc unam dicunt esse p]sonam sub uocabulorum diu]sitate signatam4 ,mani*aei quoque qui duo pr9cipia sibi coaet]na et adu]sa pr(it5tur1 unig5itum dei esse non cr$unt4 ,indignum enim iudicant1 si deus hab]e filium uideatur1 nihil aliud cogitantes nisi c>nalit]1 ut quia haec g5]atio duorum corporum commixtione proc$it1 illic quoque indignum esse intellectum huiusmodi applic>e2 quae res eos nec uetus facit recip]e te/am5tum neque 9 integro n\um4 ,nam sicut illud omn9o error eorum non recipit ita ex uirg9e g5]ationem filii non uult admitt]e1 ne humano corpore polluta uideatur dei fuisse natura4 ,s$ de 8 hact5us2 suo enim loco pon5tur sicut ordo necess>ius po/ul>it4 ,ergo diu9a ex aet]no natura et 9 aet]num s9e aliqua mutabilitate p]durans sibi tantum conscia uoluntate sponte mundum uoluit fabric>e eumque cum omn9o non esset fecit ut esset1 nec ex sua sub/antia protulit1 ne diu9us natura cr$]etur1 neque aliunde molitus e/1 ne iam ex/itisse aliquid quod eius uoluntatem exsi/5tia propriae naturae iuu>et atque esset quod neque ab ipso factum esset et tam5 esset2 s$ u]bo produxit caelos1 t]ram creauit1 ita ut caele/i habitatione dignas caelo naturas effic]et ac t]rae t]r5a compon]et4 ,de caele/ibus autem naturis1 quae uniu]salit] uocatur angelica1 quamuis illic di/9ctis ord9ibus pul*ra s9t omnia1 p>s tam5 qua$am plus appet5s quam ei natura atque ipsius auctor naturae tribu]at de caele/i s$e proiecta e/2 et quoniam angelorum num]um1 id e/ sup]nae illius ciuitatis cuius ciues angeli sunt1 imm9utum noluit conditor p]man]e1 =mauit ex t]ra hom9em atque spiritu uitae animauit1 ratione composuit1 arbitrii lib]tate decorauit eumque praefixa lege p>adisi deliciis con/ituit1 ut1 si s9e peccato man]e uellet1 tam ipsum quam eius prog5iem angelicis coetibus soci>et1 ut quia sup]ior natura p] sup]biae malum ima peti]at1 inf]ior sub/antia p] humilitatis bonum ad sup]na consc5d]et4 ,s$ ille auctor inuidiae non f]5s hom9em illuc asc5d]e ubi ipse non m]uit p]man]e1 temptatione adhibita fecit etiam ipsum eiusque comp>em1 quam de eius lat]e g5]&i causa =mator produx]at1 inobo$i5tiae suppliciis subiac]e1 ei quoque diu9itatem affuturam promitt5s1 quam sibi dum arrogant] usurpat elisus e/4 ,haec autem reuelante deo ,moysi famulo suo comp]ta sunt1 cui etiam humani g5]is conditionem atque orig9em uoluit innotesc]e1 sicut ab eo libri prolati te/antur4 ,omnis enim diu9a auctoritas 8 modis con/>e uidetur1 ut aut hi/orialis modus sit1 qui nihil aliud nisi res ge/as enuntiet1 aut allegoricus1 ut non illic possit hi/oriae ordo consi/]e1 aut c]te ex utrisque compositus1 ut et secundum hi/oriam et secundum allegoriam man]e uideatur4 ,haec autem pie intellig5tibus et u]aci corde t55tibus satis abundeque reluc5t4 ,s$ ad ord9em r$eamus4 ,primus itaque homo ante peccatum cum sua coniuge incola p>adisi fuit4 ,at ubi aurem praebuit suasori et conditoris praeceptum neglexit att5d]e1 exul effectus1 t]ram iussus excol]e atque a p>adisi s9u seclusus 9 ignotis p>tibus sui g5]is po/]itatem transposuit atque po5am quam ipse primus homo praeu>icationis reus excep]at g5]&o transmisit 9 po/]os4 ,h9c factum e/ ut et corporum atque anim>um corruptio et mortis pr\5iret int]itus primusque mortem 9 ,abel filio suo m]uit exp]iri1 ut quanta esset po5a quam ipse excep]it prob>et 9 subole4 ,quod si ipse primus mor]etur1 nesciret quodam modo ac1 si dici fas e/1 nec s5tiret po5am suam1 s$ ideo exp]tus 9 alt]o e/1 ut quid sibi iure deb]etur contemptor agnosc]et et dum po5am mortis su/9et1 ipsa exspectatione =tius torqu]etur4 ,hoc autem praeu>icationis malum1 quod 9 po/]os naturalit] primus homo transfud]at1 quidam ,pelagius non admitt5s proprii nom9is ha]esim d$icauit1 quam ca?olica fides a consortio sui mox reppulisse probatur4 ,ab ipso itaque primo hom9e proc$5s humanum g5us ac multiplici num]ositate succresc5s erupit 9 lites1 comm\it bella1 occupauit t]r5am mis]iam quia#dj felicitatem p>adisi 9 primo patre p]did]at4 ,nec tam5 ex 8 defu]unt quos sibi conditor gratiae seque/r>et eiusque placitis ins]uir5t2 quos licet m]itum naturae damn>et1 futuri tam5 sacram5ti et longe po/modum pr(]5di faci5do p>ticipes p]ditam uoluit rep>>e naturam4 ,impletus e/ ergo mundus humano g5]e atque +ressus e/ homo uias suas qui malitia propriae contumaciae despex]at conditorem4 ,h9c uol5s deus p] iu/um potius hom9em rep>>e g5us humanum quam man]e prot]uum1 po5alem multitud9em effusa diluuii inundatione excepto ,noe iu/o hom9e cum suis lib]is atque 8 quae secum 9 arcam introdux]at int]ire p]misit4 ,cur autem p] arcae lignum uolu]it iu/os erip]e1 notum e/ diu9>um scriptur>um m5tibus eruditis4 ,et quasi prima qua$am mundi aetas diluuio ultore transacta e/4 ,rep>atur itaque humanum g5us atque propriae naturae uitium1 quod praeu>icationis primus auctor infud]at1 amplecti non de/itit4 ,creuitque contumacia quam dudum diluuii unda puniu]at et qui num]osam annorum s]iem p]missus fu]at uiu]e1 9 breuitate annorum humana aetas addicta e/4 ,maluitque deus non iam diluuio punire g5us humanum1 s$ eodem p]man5te elig]e uiros p] quorum s]iem aliqua g5]atio comme>et1 ex qua nobis filium proprium ue/itum humano corpore mundi 9 f9e conc$]et4 ,quorum primus e/ ,abraham1 qui cum esset aetate confectus eiusque uxor decrepita1 9 s5ectute sua repromissionis l>gitione hab]e filium m]u]unt4 ,hic uocatus e/ ,isaac atque ipse g5uit ,iacob4 ,idem quoque duodecim patri>*as non reputante deo 9 eorum num]o quos m suo natura produx]at4 ,hic ergo ,iacob cum filiis ac domo sua transig5di causa ,aegyptum uoluit habit>e atque illic p] annorum s]iem multitudo concresc5s coep]unt suspicioni esse#da ,aegyptiacis imp]iis eosque ,ph>ao magna pond]um mole premi decreu]at et grauibus on]ibus affligebat4 ,t&em deus ,aegyptii regis dom9ationem despici5s diuiso m>i rubro1 quod numquam antea natura ulla cogn\]at1 suum transduxit ex]citum auctore ,moyse et ,a>on4 ,po/ea igitur pro eorum egressione altis ,aegyptus plagis ua/ata e/1 cum nollet dimitt]e populum4 ,transmisso itaque ut dictum e/ m>i rubro u5it p] des]ta eremi ad montem qui uocatur ,s9ai1 ibique uniu]sorum conditor deus uol5s sacram5ti futuri gratia populos erudire p] ,moys5 data lege con/ituit1 quemadmodum et sacrificiorum ritus et populorum mores in/ru]5tur4 ,et cum multis annis multas quoque g5tes p] uiam debellass5t1 u5]unt t&em ad fluuium qui uocatur ,iordanis duce iam ,iesu ,naue filio atque ad eorum transitum quemadmodum aquae m>is rubri ita quoque ,iordanis flu5ta siccata sunt2 p]u5tumque e/ ad eam ciuitatem quae nunc ,hi]osolyma uocatur4 ,atque dum ibi dei populus mor>etur1 po/ iudices et prophetas reges in/ituti leguntur1 quorum po/ ,saulem primatum ,dauid de tribu ,iuda legitur adeptus fuisse4 ,desc5dit itaque ab eo p] s+ulas successiones regium /emma p]ductumque e/ usque ad ,h]odis tempora1 qui primus ex g5tilibus memoratis populis legitur imp]asse4 ,sub quo ex/itit beata uirgo ,m>ia quae de ,dauidica /irpe pr\5]at1 quae humani g5]is g5uit conditorem4 ,hoc autem ideo quia multis infectus crim9ibus mundus iacebat 9 morte1 electa e/ una g5s 9 qua dei m&ata cl>esc]5t1 ibique missi prophetae sunt et alii sancti uiri p] quorum admonitionem ipse c]te populus a tumore p]uicaciae reuoc>etur4 ,illi u]o eosdem occid5tes 9 suae nequitiae p]u]sitate man]e uolu]unt4 ,atque iam 9 ultimis temporibus non prophetas neque alios sibi placitos s$ ipsum unig5itum suum deus p] uirg9em nasci con/ituit1 ut humana salus quae p] primi hom9is inobo$i5tiam dep]i]at p] hom9em deum rursus rep>>etur et quia ex/it]at muli] quae causam mortis prima uiro suas]at1 esset haec secunda muli] quae uitae causam humanis uisc]ibus apport>et4 ,nec uile uideatur quod dei filius ex uirg9e natus e/1 quoniam praet] naturae modum conceptus et editus e/4 ,virgo itaque de spiritu sancto inc>natum dei filium concepit1 uirgo pep]it1 po/ eius editionem uirgo p]mansit2 atque hom9is factus e/ idemque dei filius1 ita ut 9 eo et diu9ae naturae radi>et spl5dor et humanae fragilitatis app>]et assumptio4 ,s$ huic tam sanae atque u]acissimae fidei ex/it]ant multi qui diu]sa g>rir5t et praet] alios ,ne/orius et ,euty*es rep]tores ha]eseos ex/it]unt1 quorum unus hom9em solum1 alt] deum solum putauit ass]]e nec humanum corpus quod ,*ri/us indu]at de humanae sub/antiae p>ticipatione u5isse4 ,s$ haec hact5us4 ,creuit itaque secundum c>nem ,*ri/us1 baptizatus e/1 ut qui baptiz&i =mam erat cet]is tributurus1 ipse primus quod docebat excip]et4 ,po/ baptismum u]o elegit duodecim discipulos1 quorum unus traditor eius fuit4 ,et quia sanam doctr9am ,iudaeorum populus non f]ebat1 eum inlata manu crucis supplicio p]em]unt4 ,occiditur ergo ,*ri/us1 iacet tribus diebus ac noctibus 9 sepulcro1 resurgit a mortuis1 sicut ante con/itutionem mundi ipse cum patre decreu]at1 asc5dit 9 caelos ubi1 9 eo quod dei filius e/1 numquam defuisse cognoscitur1 ut assumptum hom9em1 quem diabolus non p]mis]at ad sup]na consc5d]e1 secum dei filius caele/i habitationi su/oll]et4 ,dat ergo =mam discipulis suis baptiz&i1 doc5di salut>ia1 effici5tiam quoque miraculorum atque 9 uniu]sum mundum ad uitam praecipit introire1 ut pra$icatio salut>is non iam 9 una tantum g5te s$ orbi t]r>um pra$ic>etur4 ,et quoniam humanum g5us naturae m]ito1 quam ex primo praeu>icatore contrax]at1 aet]nae po5ae iaculis fu]at uuln]atum nec salutis suae erat idoneum1 quod eam 9 p>5te p]did]at1 m$ic9alia qua$am tribuit sacram5ta1 ut agnosc]et aliud sibi deb]i p] naturae m]itum1 aliud p] gratiae donum1 ut natura nihil aliud nisi po5ae summitt]et1 gratia u]o1 quae nullis m]itis attributa e/1 quia nec gratia dic]etur si m]itis tribu]etur1 totum quod e/ salutis aff]ret4 ,diffunditur ergo p] mundum caele/is illa doctr9a1 adunantur populi1 in/ituuntur ecclesiae1 fit unum corpus quod mundi latitud9em occup>et1 cuius caput ,*ri/us asc5dit 9 caelos1 ut necess>io caput suum membra sequ]5tur4 ,haec itaque doctr9a et praes5tem uitam bonis in=mat op]ibus et po/ consummationem saeculi resurrectura corpora no/ra praet] corruptionem ad regna caele/ia pollicetur1 ita ut qui hic b5e ipso donante uix]it1 esset 9 illa resurrectione beatissimus1 qui u]o male1 mis] po/ munus resurrectionis adesset4 ,et hoc e/ pr9cipale religionis no/rae1 ut cr$at non solum animas non p]ire1 s$ ipsa quoque corpora1 quae mortis adu5tus resolu]at1 9 /atum pri/9um futura de beatitud9e rep>>i4 ,haec ergo ecclesia ca?olica p] orbem diffusa tribus modis probatur exsi/]e3 quidquid 9 ea t5etur1 aut auctoritas e/ scriptur>um aut traditio uniu]salis aut c]te propria et p>ticul>is in/ructio4 ,s$ auctoritate tota con/r+itur1 uniu]sali traditione maiorum nihilom9us tota1 priuatis u]o con/itutionibus et propriis in=mationibus unaquaeque uel pro locorum u>ietate uel pr\t cuique b5e uisum e/ subsi/it et regitur4 ,sola ergo nunc e/ fidelium exspectatio qua cr$imus affuturum f9em mundi1 omnia corruptibilia transitura1 resurrecturos hom9es ad exam5 futuri iudicii1 recepturos pro m]itis s+ulos et 9 p]petuum atque 9 aet]num debitis f9ibus p]mansuros2 solumque e/#db praemium beatitud9is contemplatio conditoris--tanta dumtaxat1 quanta a creatura ad creatorem fi]i pote/1--ut ex eis rep>ato angelico num]o sup]na illa ciuitas impleatur1 ubi rex e/ uirg9is filius eritque gaudium sempit]num1 delectatio1 cibus1 opus1 laus p]petua creatoris4 #dj qui uel quod codd4 #da suspiciones uel suspicione uel suspicio uel subici codd4 meliores4 #db esse codd4 ,,on ,,! ,,ca?olic ,,fai?#dc ,! ,*ri/ian ,fai? is proclaim$ by ! au?ority ( ! ,new ,te/am5t & ( ! ,old2 b al?\gh ! ,old scripture#dd conta9s )9 its pages ! "n ( ,*ri/ & con/antly gives tok5 t ,he w come :o we believe has already come by ! bir? ( ! ,virg91 yet ! diffusion ( t fai? ?r\gh\t ! _w dates f ! actual miracul\s com+ ( our ,savi\r4 ,n[ ?is our religion :i* is call$ ,*ri/ian & ,ca?olic is f\nd$ *iefly on ! foll[+ ass]tions4 ,f all et]nity1 t is1 be=e ! _w 0 e/abli%$1 & s be=e all t is meant by "t began1 !re has exi/$ "o div9e sub/ance ( ,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,_s 9 su* wise t we confess ! ,fa!r ,god1 ! ,son ,god1 & ! ,holy ,_s ,god1 & yet n ?ree ,gods b "o ,god4 ,?us ! ,fa!r ha? ! ,son1 begott5 ( ,8 sub/ance & coet]nal ) ,himself aft] a mann] t ,he alone kn[e?4 ,him we confess to be ,son 9 ! s5se t ,he is n ! same z ! ,fa!r4 ,nor has ! ,fa!r ev] be5 ,son1 = ! human m9d mu/ n imag9e a div9e l9eage /ret*+ back into inf9ity2 nor c ! ,son1 be+ ( ! same nature 9 virtue ( :i* ,he is coet]nal ) ! ,fa!r1 ev] become ,fa!r1 = ! div9e l9eage mu/ n /ret* =w>d into inf9ity4 ,b ! ,holy ,_s is nei!r ,fa!r nor ,son1 & !re=e1 albeit ( ! same div9e nature1 nei!r begott51 nor begett+1 b proce$+ z well f ! ,fa!r z ! ,son4#de ,yet :at ! mann] ( t ,procession is we are no m able to /ate cle>ly ?an is ! human m9d able to und]/& ! g5]ation ( ! ,son f ! sub/ance ( ! ,fa!r4 ,b ^! articles are laid d[n = our belief by ,old & ,new ,te/am5t4 ,conc]n+ :i* =tress & citadel#df ( our religion _m m5 h spok5 o!rwise & h ev5 impugn$ x1 be+ mov$ by human1 nay r by c>nal feel+4 ,arius1 = in/ance1 :o1 :ile call+ ! ,son ,god1 decl>es ,him to be va/ly inf]ior to ! ,fa!r & ( ano!r sub/ance4 ,! ,sabellians also h d>$ to affirm t !re are n ?ree sep>ate ,p]sons b only ,"o1 say+ t ! ,fa!r is ! same z ! ,son & ! ,son ! same z ! ,fa!r & ! ,holy ,_s ! same z ! ,fa!r & ! ,son2 & s decl>+ t !re is b "o div9e ,p]son express$ by diff]5t names4 ,! ,mani*aeans1 too1 :o all[ two coet]nal & contr>y pr9ciples1 d n believe 9 ! ,only-begott5 ,son ( ,god4 ,= !y consid] x a ?\ght unwor?y ( ,god t ,he %\ld h a ,son1 s9ce !y ent]ta9 ! v c>nal reflection t inasmu* z#dg human g5]ation arises f ! m+l+ ( two bodies1 x is unwor?y to hold a notion ( ?is sort 9 respect ( ! div9e nature2 :]eas su* a view f9ds no sanction 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t & absolutely#dh none 9 ! ,new4 ,yea1 _! error :i* refuses ?is notion also refuses ! ,virg9 bir? ( ! ,son1 because !y w\ld n h ! ,god's nature defil$ by ! man's body4 ,b en\gh ( ?is = ! pres5t2 ! po9ts w be pres5t$ 9 ! prop] place z ! prop] arrangem5t dem&s4 ,! div9e nature !n1 abid+ f all et]nity & unto all et]nity )\t any *ange1 by ! ex]cise ( a w kn[n only to ,himself1 det]m9$ ( ,himself to =m ! _w1 & br\ght x into be+ :5 x 0 absolutely naught1 nor did ,he produce x f ,8 own sub/ance1 le/ x %\ld be ?\ght div9e by nature1 nor did ,he =m x aft] any model1 le/ x %\ld be ?\ght t any?+ _h already come into be+ :i* help$ ,8 w by ! exi/5ce ( an indep5d5t nature1 & t !re %\ld exi/ some?+ t _h n be5 made by ,him & yet exi/$2 b by ,8 ,^w ,he br\ght =? ! heav5s1 & creat$ ! e>?#di t s ,he might make natures wor?y ( a place 9 heav51 & also fit e>?ly ?+s to e>?4 ,b al?\gh 9 heav5 all ?+s are beautiful & arrang$ 9 due ord]1 yet "o "p ( ! heav5ly creation :i* is univ]sally t]m$ angelic1#ej seek+ m ?an nature & ! ,au?or ( ,nature _h grant$ !m1 0 ca/ =? f its heav5ly habitation2 & because ! ,creator did n wi% ! roll ( ! angels1 t is ( ! heav5ly city ^: citiz5s ! angels are1 to be dim9i%$1 ,he =m$ man out ( ! e>? & brea!d into him ! brea? ( life2 ,he end[$ him ) reason1 ,he adorn$ him ) fre$om ( *oice & e/abli%$ him 9 ! joys ( ,p>adise1 mak+ cov5ant a=eh& t if he w\ld rema9 )\t s9 ,he w\ld add him & 8 (fspr+ to ! angelic ho/s2 s t z ! high] nature _h fall5 l[ ?r\gh ! curse ( pride1 ! l[] sub/ance might asc5d on high ?r\gh ! bless+ ( humility4 ,b ! fa!r ( envy1 loa? t man %\ld climb to ! place :]e he himself des]v$ n to rema91 put temptation be=e him & ! consort :om ! ,creator _h br\ght =? out ( 8 side = ! cont9uance ( ! race1 & laid !m op5 to puni%m5t = disob$i5ce1 promis+ man also ! gift ( ,godhead1 ! arrogant attempt to seize :i* _h caus$ 8 own fall4 ,all ?is 0 reveal$ by ,god to ,8 s]vant ,moses1 :om ,he v\*saf$ to tea* ! creation & orig9 ( man1 z ! books writt5 by him decl>e4 ,= ! div9e au?ority is always convey$ 9 "o ( ! foll[+ ways--! hi/orical1 :i* simply ann\nces facts2 ! allegorical1 :5ce hi/orical matt] is exclud$2 or else ! two comb9$1 hi/ory & allegory conspir+ to e/abli% x4 ,all ?is is abundantly evid5t to pi\s he>]s & /eadfa/ believ]s4 ,b to return to ! ord] ( our disc\rse2 ! fir/ man1 be=e s9 came1 dwelt ) 8 consort 9 ! ,g>d54 ,b :5 he he>k5$ to ! voice ( 8 wife & fail$ to keep ! comm&m5t ( 8 ,creator1 he 0 bani%$1 bidd5 to till ! gr\nd1 & be+ %ut out f ! %elt]+ g>d5 he c>ri$ abroad into unkn[n regions ! *ildr5 ( 8 lo9s2 by begett+ :om he transmitt$ to ^? t came aft]1 ! puni%m5t :i* he1 ! fir/ man1 _h incurr$ by ! s9 ( disob$i5ce4 ,h5ce x came to pass t corruption bo? ( body & s\l ensu$1 & dea?2 & ?is he 0 to ta/e fir/ 9 8 own son ,abel1 9 ord] t he might le>n ?r\gh 8 *ild ! greatness ( ! puni%m5t t 0 laid ^u him4 ,= if he _h di$ fir/ he w\ld 9 "s s5se n h kn[n1 & if "o may s say n h felt1 8 puni%m5t2 b he ta/$ x 9 ano!r 9 ord] t he might p]ceive ! due rew>d ( 8 contempt1 &1 doom$ to dea? himself1 might be ! m s5sibly t\*$ by ! appreh5sion ( x4 ,b ?is curse t came ( transgression :i* ! fir/ man _h by natural propagation transmitt$ to po/]ity1 0 d5i$ by "o ,pelagius :o s set up ! h]esy :i* goes by 8 "n & :i* ! ,ca?olic fai?1 z is kn[n1 at once bani%$ f its bosom4 ,s ! human race t sprang f ! fir/ man & mightily increas$ & multipli$1 broke into /rife1 /irr$ up w>s1 & became ! heir ( e>?ly mis]y1 because x _h lo/ ! joys ( ,p>adise 9 its fir/ p>5t4 ,yet 7 !re n a few ( mank9d :om ! ,giv] ( ,grace set ap>t = ,himself & :o 7 ob$i5t to ,8 w2 & ?\gh by des]t ( nature !y 7 condemn$1 yet ,god by mak+ !m p>tak]s 9 ! hidd5 my/]y1 long aft]w>ds to be reveal$1 v\*saf$ to recov] fall5 nature4 ,s ! e>? 0 fill$ by ! human race & man :o by 8 own wanton wilfulness _h despis$ 8 ,creator began to walk 9 8 own ways4 ,h5ce ,god will+ r to recov] mank9d ?r\gh "o j man ?an t x %\ld rema9 = ev] contumaci\s1 suff]$ all ! guilty multitude to p]i% by ! wide wat]s ( a flood1 save only ,noah1 ! j "o1 ) 8 *ildr5 & all t he _h br\ght ) him into ! ark4 ,! reason :y ,he wi%$ to save ! j by an ark ( wood is kn[n to all he>ts le>n$ 9 ! ,holy ,scriptures4 ,?us :at we may call ! fir/ age ( ! _w 0 end$ by ! av5g+ flood4 ,?us ! human race 0 re/or$1 & yet x ha/5$ to make its own ! vice ( nature ) :i* ! fir/ au?or ( transgression _h infect$ x4 ,& ! wick$ness increas$ :i* _h once be5 puni%$ by ! wat]s ( ! flood1 & man :o _h be5 suff]$ to live = a long s]ies ( ye>s 0 r$uc$ to ! brief span ( ord9>y human life4 ,yet w\ld n ,god aga9 visit ! race by a flood1 b r1 lett+ x cont9ue1 ,he *ose f x m5 ( ^: l9e a g5]ation %\ld arise out ( :i* ,he might 9 ! la/ days grant u ,8 own ,son to come to u1 clo!d 9 human =m4 ,( ^! m5 ,abraham is ! fir/1 & al?\gh he 0 /rick5 9 ye>s & 8 wife pa/ be>+1 !y _h 9 _! old age ! rew>d ( a son 9 fulfilm5t ( promise unconditional4 ,?is son 0 nam$ ,isaac & he begat ,jacob1 :o 9 8 turn begat ! twelve ,patri>*s1 ,god n reckon+ 9 _! numb] ^? :om nature 9 its ord9>y c\rse produc$4#ea ,?is ,jacob1 !n1 toge!r ) 8 sons & 8 h\sehold det]m9$ to dwell 9 ,egypt = ! purpose ( traffick+2 & ! multitude ( !m increas+ !re 9 ! c\rse ( _m ye>s began to be a cause ( suspicion to ! ,egyptian rul]s1 & ,ph>aoh ord]$ !m to be oppress$ by exce$+ heavy tasks#eb & afflict$ !m ) griev\s burd5s4 ,at l5g? ,god1 m9d$ to set at naught ! tyranny ( ! k+ ( ,egypt1 divid$ ! ,r$ ,sea--a m>vel su* z nature _h nev] kn[n be=e--& br\ght =? ,8 ho/ by ! h&s ( ,moses & ,a>on4 ,!reaft] on acc\nt ( _! dep>ture ,egypt 0 vex$ ) sore plagues1 because !y w\ld n let ! p g4 ,s1 aft] cross+ ! ,r$ ,sea1 z ,i h told1 !y pass$ ?r\gh ! des]t ( ! wild]ness & came to ! m\nt :i* is call$ ,s9ai1 :]e ,god ! ,creator ( all1 wi%+ to prep>e ! nations = ! k ( ! sacram5t to come1 laid d[n by a law giv5 ?r\gh ,moses h[ bo? ! rites ( sacrifices & ! national cu/oms %\ld be ord]$4 ,& aft] fight+ d[n _m tribes 9 _m ye>s amid/ _! j\rney+s !y came at la/ to ! riv] call$ ,jordan1 ) ,jo%ua ! son ( ,nun n[ z _! capta91 &1 = _! cross+1 ! /reams ( ,jordan 7 dri$ up z ! wat]s ( ! ,r$ ,sea _h be52 s !y f9i%$ _! c\rse to t city :i* is n[ call$ ,j]usalem4 ,& :ile ! p ( ,god abode !re we read t !re 7 set up fir/ judges & prophets & !n k+s1 ( :om we read t aft] ,saul1 ,david ( ! tribe ( ,judah asc5d$ ! ?rone4 ,s f him ! royal race desc5d$ f fa!r to son & la/$ till ! days ( ,h]od :o1 we read1 0 ! fir/ tak5 out ( ! peoples call$ ,g5tile to be> sway4 ,9 ^: days rose up ! bless$ ,virg9 ,m>y1 sprung f ! /ock ( ,david1 %e :o bore ! ,mak] ( ! human race4 ,b x 0 j because ! :ole _w lay dead1 /a9$ ) its _m s9s1 t ,god *ose out "o race 9 :i* ,8 comm&s might %9e cle>2 s5d+ x prophets & o!r holy m51 to ! end t by _! w>n+s t p at lea/ might be cur$ ( _! swoll5 pride4 ,b !y slew ^! holy m5 & *ose r to abide 9 _! wanton wick$ness4 ,& n[ at ! la/ days ( "t1 9 place ( prophets & o!r m5 well-pleas+ to ,him1 ,god will$ t ,8 only-begott5 ,son %\ld be born ( a ,virg9 t s ! salvation ( mank9d :i* _h be5 lo/ ?r\gh ! disob$i5ce ( ! fir/ man might be recov]$ by ! ,god- man1 & t inasmu* z x 0 a woman :o _h fir/ p]suad$ man to t :i* wr\ght dea? !re %\ld be ?is second woman :o %\ld br+ =? f a human womb ,him :o gives ,life4 ,nor let x be deem$ a ?+ unwor?y t ! ,son ( ,god 0 born ( a ,virg91 = x 0 out ( ! c\rse ( nature t ,he 0 conceiv$ & br\ght to bir?4 ,virg9 !n %e conceiv$1 by ! ,holy ,_s1 ! ,son ( ,god made fle%1 ,virg9 %e bore ,him1 ,virg9 %e cont9u$ aft] ,8 bir?2 & ,he became ! ,son ( ,man & likewise ! ,son ( ,god t 9 ,him ! glory ( ! div9e nature might %9e =? & at ! same "t ! human weakness be decl>$ :i* ,he took ^u ,him4 ,yet aga9/ ?is article ( ,fai? s :olesome & altoge!r true !re rose up _m :o babbl$ o!r doctr9e1 & especially ,ne/orius & ,euty*es1 inv5tors ( h]esy1 ( :om ! "o ?\ght fit to say t ,he 0 man alone1 ! o!r t ,he 0 ,god alone & t ! human body put on by ,*ri/ _h n come by p>ticipation 9 human sub/ance4 ,b en\gh on ?is po9t4 ,s ,*ri/ grew aft] ! fle%1 & 0 baptiz$ 9 ord] t ,he :o 0 to give ! =m ( baptism to o!rs %\ld fir/ ,himself receive :at ,he taught4 ,b aft] ,8 baptism ,he *ose twelve disciples1 "o ( :om betray$ ,him4 ,& because ! p ( ! ,jews w\ld n be> s\nd doctr9e !y laid h&s ^u ,him & slew & crucifi$ ,him4 ,*ri/1 !n1 0 sla92 ,he lay ?ree days & ?ree nights 9 ! tomb2 ,he rose aga9 f ! dead z ,he _h pr$et]m9$ ) ,8 ,fa!r be=e ! f\ndation ( ! _w2 ,he asc5d$ into heav5 :5ce we "k t ,he 0 nev] abs5t1 because ,he is ,son ( ,god1 9 ord] t z ,son ( ,god ,he might raise toge!r ) ,him to ! heav5ly habitation man ^: fle% ,he _h assum$1 :om ! devil _h h9d]$ f asc5d+ to ! places on high4 ,!re=e ,he be/[$ on ,8 disciples ! =m ( baptiz+1 ! sav+ tru? ( ! tea*+1 & ! mighty p[] ( miracles1 & bade !m g ?r\gh\t ! :ole _w to give x life1 9 ord] t ! message ( salvation might be prea*$ no long] 9 "o nation only b among all ! dwell]s ^u e>?4 ,& because ! human race 0 w\nd$ by ! weapon ( et]nal puni%m5t by reason ( ! nature :i* !y _h inh]it$ f ! fir/ transgressor & c\ld n w9 a full me$ ( salvation because !y _h lo/ x 9 its fir/ p>5t1 ,god in/itut$ c]ta9 heal?- giv+ sacram5ts to tea* ! diff]5ce betwe5 :at grace be/[$ & human nature des]v$1 nature simply subject+ to puni%m5t1 b grace1 :i* is won by no m]it1 s9ce x w\ld n be grace if x 7 due to m]it1 conf]r+ all t belongs to salvation4 ,!re=e is t heav5ly in/ruction spread ?r\gh\t ! _w1 ! peoples are knit toge!r1 *ur*es are f\nd$1 &1 fill+ ! broad e>?1 "o body =m$1 ^: head1 ev5 ,*ri/1 asc5d$ into heav5 9 ord] t ! memb]s might ( necessity foll[ :]e ! ,head 0 gone4 ,?us ?is tea*+ bo? inspires ?is pres5t life unto good works1 & promises t 9 ! end ( ! age our bodies %all rise incorruptible to ! k+dom ( heav51 to ! end t he :o has liv$ well on e>? by ,god's gift %\ld be altoge!r bless$ 9 t resurrection1 b he :o has liv$ amiss %\ld1 ) ! gift ( resurrection1 ent] ^u mis]y4 ,& ?is is a firm pr9ciple ( our religion1 to believe n only t m5's s\ls d n p]i%1 b t _! v bodies1 :i* ! com+ ( dea? _h de/roy$1 recov] _! fir/ /ate by ! bliss t is to be4 ,?is ,ca?olic *ur*1 !n1 spread ?r\gh\t ! _w1 is kn[n by ?ree p>ticul> m>ks3 :atev] is believ$ & taught 9 x has ! au?ority ( ! ,scriptures1 or ( univ]sal tradition1 or at lea/ ( its own & prop] usage4 ,& ?is au?ority is b9d+ on ! :ole ,*ur* z is also ! univ]sal tradition ( ! ,fa!rs1 :ile ea* sep>ate *ur* exi/s & is gov]n$ by its private con/itution & its prop] rites accord+ to diff]5ce ( locality & ! good judgm5t ( ea*4 ,all1 !re=e1 t ! fai?ful n[ expect is t ! end ( ! _w w come1 t all corruptible ?+s %all pass away1 t m5 %all rise = future judgem5t1 t ea* %all receive rew>d accord+ to 8 des]ts & abide 9 ! lot assign$ to him = ev] & = aye2 & ! sole rew>d ( bliss w be ! contemplation ( ! ,almighty1 s f>1 t is1 z ! creature may look on ! ,creator1 to ! end t ! numb] ( ! angels may be made up f ^! & ! heav5ly city fill$ :]e ! ,virg9's ,son is ,k+ & :]e w be ev]la/+ joy1 delight1 food1 lab\r1 & un5d+ praise ( ! ,creator4 #dc ,! conclusions adv]se to ! g5u95ess ( ?is tractate1 rea*$ 9 ! diss]tation ,d] dem ,boe?ius zuges*rieb5e ,traktat de ,fide ,ca?olica 7,jahrb*] fr kl4 ,phil4 xxvi4 7#aija7 ,supplem5tb&7 by "o ( ! editors1 n[ seem to bo? uns\nd4 ,! writ] ( t diss]tation int5ds to return to ! subject else:]e4 ,?is f\r? tractate1 ?\gh lack+1 9 ! be/ ,,mss41 ei!r an ascription to ,boe?ius or a title1 is firmly imb$d$ 9 two di/9ct rec5sions ( ,boe?ius's !ological works4 ,!re is no reason to di/urb x4 ,inde$ ! capita dogmatica m5tion$ by ,cassiodorus c h>dly ref] to any ( ! tractates except ! f\r?4 #dd ,= in/rum5tum,holy ,scripture cf4 ,t]tull4 ,apol4 #ah1 #ai1 adv4 ,h]mog4 #ai1 etc42 = in/rum5tumany hi/orical writ+ cf4 ,t]t4 ,de ,spect4 #e4 #de ,boe?ius is no h]etic4 ,by ! six? c5tury uel _h lo/ its /rong sep>ative =ce4 ,cp4 ,noe cum sua uel trium natorum coniugibus1 ,greg4 ,tur4 ,h4,f4 i4 #bj4 ,o!r examples 9 ,bonnet1 ,la ,lat9it de ,grg4 de ,t\rs1 p4 #cac1 & 9 ,br&t's edition ( ! ,isag4 ,index1 s4v4 uel4 #df ,vide ,cons4 i4 pr4 #c 7infra1 p4 #adj71 & cf4 ,dante1 ,de ,mon4 iii4 #af1 #aag4 #dg ,ut quia4 ,a v r>e use4 ,cf4 ,baehr5s1 ,beitrge zur lat4 ,syntaxis 7,philologus1 ,supplem5tb& xii4 #aiab74 ,x p]haps,ari/otle's ,greek3 oion epei4 ,cf4 ,mc,kinlay1 ,h>v>d ,/udies 9 ,cl4 ,philol4 xviii4 #aec4 #dh ,9 integroprorsus2 cf4 ,br&t1 op4 cit4 ,index1 s4v4 integ]4 #di ,! doctr9e is or?odox1 b note t ,boe?ius does n say ex nihilo creauit4 ,vide infra1 p4 #cff ll4 #bd ff4 #ej ,vide infra1 ,cons4 iv4 pr4 #f1 p4 #cdb l4 #ed4 #ea e4g4 ,i%mael also ,greek3 kata s>ka geg5naetai ,gal4 iv4 #bc4 #eb ,cf4 populus dei mirabilit] cresc5s 444 quia 444 erant suspecta444 laboribus premebatur1 ,aug4 ,de ,ciu4 ,dei1 #ah4 #g4 ,= o!r co9cid5ces see ,r&1 op4 cit4 pp4 #dbc ff4 ,,anicii ,,manlii ,,sev]9i ,,boe?ii ,v4,c4 ,,et ,,inl4 ,,excons4 ,,ord4 ,,patricii ,,incipit ,,lib] ,,contra ,,evty*5 ,,et ,,ne/orivm ,,dom9o ,,sancto ,,ac ,,v5]abili ,,patri ,,iohanni ,,diacono ,,boe?ivs ,,filivs ,anxie te quidem diuque su/9ui1 ut de ea quae 9 conu5tu mota e/ quae/ione loqu]emur4 ,s$ quoniam et tu quom9us u5ires occupatione di/ractus es et ego 9 cra/9um con/itutis negotiis implicabor1 m&o litt]is quae coram loqu5da s]uau]am4 ,mem9i/i enim1 cum 9 concilio leg]etur epi/ola1 recitatum ,euty*ianos ex duabus naturis ,*ri/um consi/]e confit]i1 9 duabus neg>e3 ca?olicos u]o utrique dicto fidem praeb]e1 nam et ex duabus eum naturis consi/]e et 9 duabus apud u]ae fidei sectatores aequalit] cr$i4 ,cuius dicti n\itate p]cussus h>um coniunctionum quae ex duabus naturis uel 9 duabus consi/]5t diff]5tias inquirebam1 multum scilicet ref]re ratus nec in]ti negleg5tia praet]eundum1 quod episcopus scriptor epi/olae tamquam ualde necess>ium praet]ire noluisset4 ,hic omnes ap]tam esse diff]5tiam nec quicquam 9 eo esse calig9is inconditum confusumque /rep]e nec ullus 9 tanto tumultu qui leuit] att+]et quae/ionem1 n$um qui exp$iret inu5tus e/4 ,ads$]am ego ab eo quem maxime intu]i cupiebam longius atque adeo1 si situm s$5tium record]is1 au]sus pluribusque oppositis1 ne si aeg]rime quidem cup]em1 uultum nutumque eius aspic]e pot]am ex quo mihi aliqua eius d>5tur signa iudicii4 ,atqui ego quidem nihil cet]is amplius aff]ebam1 immo u]o aliquid etiam m9us4 ,nam de re proposita aeque nihil cet]is s5tiebam2 m9us u]o quam cet]i ipse aff]ebam1 falsae scilicet sci5tiae praesumptionem4 ,tuli aeg]rime1 fateor1 compressusque indoctorum grege conticui metu5s ne iure uid]] insanus1 si sanus int] furiosos hab]i cont5d]em4 ,m$itab> igitur deh9c omnes animo quae/iones nec deglutiebam quod accep]am1 s$ frequ5tis consilii it]atione rum9abam4 ,t&em igitur patu]e pulsanti animo =es et u]itas inu5ta qua]5ti omnes nebulas ,euty*iani reclusit erroris4 ,vnde mihi maxime subiit admir>i1 qua5am haec indoctorum hom9um esset audacia qui insci5tiae uitium praesumptionis atque inpud5tiae nube con5tur obduc]e1 cum non modo saepe id quod proponatur ignor5t1 u]um 9 huiusmodi cont5tionibus ne id quidem quod ipsi loquantur intellegant1 quasi non det]ior fiat insci5tiae causa1 dum tegitur4 ,s$ ab illis ad te transeo1 cui hoc quantulumcumque e/ exam9&um prius p]p5d5dumque transmitto4 ,quod si recte se hab]e pronuntiau]is1 peto ut mei nom9is hoc quoque ins]as *>tis2 s9 u]o uel m9u5dum aliquid uel add5dum uel aliqua mutatione u>i&um e/1 id quoque po/ulo remitti1 meis exempl>ibus ita ut a te reu]titur transcrib5dum4 ,quae ubi ad calcem ducta con/it]9t1 tum demum eius cuius soleo iudicio c5s5da transmittam4 ,s$ quoniam semel res a conlocutione transf]tur ad /ilum1 prius extremi sibique contr>ii ,ne/orii atque ,euty*is summ\eantur errores2 po/ u]o adiuuante deo1 ,*ri/ianae m$ietatem fidei temp]abo4 ,quoniam u]o 9 tota quae/ione contr>i>um sibimet ,greek3 haireseon de p]sonis dubitatur atque naturis1 haec primitus def9i5da sunt et propriis diff]5tiis segreg&a4 ,a ,,treatise ,,aga9/ ,,euty*es ,,& ,,ne/orius ,,by ,,anicius ,,manlius ,,sev]9us ,,boe?ius ,,mo/ ,,hon\rable1 ,,( ,,! ,,illu/ri\s ,,ord] ,,( ,,ex-,,consuls1 ,,patrician ,,to ,,8 ,,sa9tly ,,ma/] ,,& ,,rev]5d ,,fa!r ,,john ,,! ,,deacon ,,8 ,,son ,,boe?ius ,i h be5 long & anxi\sly wait+ = y to discuss ) me ! problem :i* 0 rais$ at ! meet+4 ,b s9ce y\r duties h prev5t$ y\r com+ & ,i %all be = "s "t involv$ 9 my bus9ess engagem5ts1 ,i am sett+ d[n 9 writ+ :at ,i _h be5 keep+ to say by ^w ( m\?4 ,y no d\bt rememb] h[1 :5 ! lett]#ec 0 read 9 ! assembly1 x 0 ass]t$ t ! ,euty*ians confess t ,*ri/ is =m$ f two natures b does n consi/ ( !m--:]eas ,ca?olics admit bo? propositions1 = among foll[]s ( ! true ,fai? ,he is equally believ$ to be ( two natures & 9 two natures4 ,/ruck by ! novelty ( ?is ass]tion ,i began to inquire :at diff]5ce !re c be betwe5 unions =m$ f two natures & unions :i* consi/ 9 two natures1 = ! po9t :i* ! bi%op :o wrote ! lett] refus$ to pass ov] because ( its gravity1 seem$ to me ( importance & n "o to be idly & c>elessly slurr$ ov]4 ,on t occasion all l\dly prote/$ t ! diff]5ce 0 evid5t1 t !re 0 no obscurity1 confusion or p]plexity1 & 9 ! g5]al /orm & tumult !re 0 no "o :o really t\*$ ! edge ( ! problem1 mu* less anyone :o solv$ x4 ,i 0 sitt+ a long way f ! man :om ,i especially wi%$ to wat*1#ed & if y recall ! arrangem5t ( ! seats1 ,i 0 turn$ away f him1 ) s _m betwe5 u1 t h[ev] mu* ,i desir$ x ,i c\ld n see 8 face & expression & glean !refrom any sign ( 8 op9ion4 ,p]sonally1 inde$1 ,i _h no?+ m to contribute ?an ! re/1 9 fact r less ?an m4 ,i1 no m ?an ! o!rs1 _h any view ab\t ! "q at issue1 :ile my possible contribution 0 less by "o ?+1 namely1 ! false assumption ( a k t ,i _h n got4 ,i 01 ,i admit1 mu* put out1 & be+ ov]:elm$ by ! mob ( ignorant speak]s1 ,i held my peace1 fe>+ le/ ,i %\ld be rightly set d[n z insane if ,i held out = be+ sane among ^? madm54#ee ,s ,i cont9u$ to pond] all ! que/ions 9 my m9d1 n swall[+ :at ,i _h he>d1 b r *ew+ ! cud ( con/ant m$itation4 ,at la/ ! door op5$ to my insi/5t knock+1 & ! tru? :i* ,i f\nd cle>$ out ( my way all ! cl\ds ( ! ,euty*ian error4 ,& ) ?is discov]y a great wond] came ^u me at ! va/ tem]ity ( unle>n$ m5 :o use ! cloak ( impud5t presumption to cov] up ! vice ( ignorance1 = n only d !y (t5 fail to grasp ! po9t at issue1 b 9 a debate ( ?is k9d !y d n ev5 und]/& _! own /atem5ts1 =gett+ t ! case ( ignorance is all ! worse if x is n hone/ly admitt$4#ef ,i turn f !m to y1 & to y ,i submit ?is little essay = y\r fir/ judgm5t & consid]ation4 ,if y pron\nce x to be s\nd ,i beg y to place x among ! o!r writ+s ( m9e :i* y possess2 b if !re is any?+ to be /ruck out or add$ or *ang$ 9 any way1 ,i w\ld ask y to let me h y\r sugge/ions1 9 ord] t ,i may ent] !m 9 my copies j z !y leave y\r h&s4 ,:5 ?is revision has be5 duly accompli%$1 !n ,i w s5d ! "w on to be judg$ by ! man to :om ,i always submit ev]y?+4#eg ,b s9ce ! p5 is n[ to take ! place ( ! liv+ voice1 let me fir/ cle> away ! extreme & self-contradictory errors ( ,ne/orius & ,euty*es2 aft] t1 by ,god's help1 ,i w temp]ately set =? ! middle way ( ! ,*ri/ian ,fai?4 ,b s9ce 9 ?is :ole "q ( self-contradictory h]esies ! matt] ( debate is ,p]sons & ,natures1 ^! t]ms mu/ fir/ be def9$ & di/+ui%$ by _! prop] diff]5ces4 #ec ,evid5tly ! lett] address$ to ,pope ,symma*us by ! ,ori5tal bi%ops 7vide ,mansi1 ,concil4 viii4 #bba ff471 9 :i* !y inquire conc]n+ ! safe middle way betwe5 ! h]esies ( ,euty*es & ,ne/orius4 ,! date ( ! bi%ops' lett]1 & consequ5tly1 9 all probability1 ( ,boe?ius's tractate 0 #eab4 #ed ,obvi\sly 8 fa!r-9-law ,symma*us4 ,vide p4 #gf1 eius cuius soleo iudiclo1 etc4 #ee ,cf4 ,hor4 ,s]m4 i4 #c4 #hb2 ii4 #c4 #dj4 #ef ,cf4 infra1 de ,cons4 i4 pr4 #d 7p4 #adb7 oportet uulnus detegas4 #eg ,vide supra1 p4 #ge1 & ,de ,tr94 p4 #c4 ,i4 ,natura igitur aut de solis corporibus dici pote/ aut de solis sub/antiis1 id e/ corporeis atque incorporeis1 aut de omnibus rebus quae quocumque modo esse dicuntur4 ,cum igitur tribus modis natura dici possit1 tribus modis s9e dubio def9i5da e/4 ,nam si de omnibus rebus naturam dici placet1 talis def9itio dabitur quae res omnes quae sunt possit includ]e4 ,erit ergo huiusmodi3 natura e/ e>um r]um quae1 cum s9t1 quoquo modo intellectu capi possunt4 ,9 hac igitur def9itione et accid5tia et sub/antiae def9iuntur2 haec enim omnia intellectu capi possunt4 ,additum u]o e/ quoquo modo1 quoniam deus et mat]ia integro p]fectoque intellectu intellegi non possunt1 s$ aliquo tam5 modo cet]>um r]um priuatione capiuntur4 ,idcirco u]o adiunximus quae cum s9t1 quoniam etiam ipsum nihil significat aliquid s$ non naturam4 ,neque enim quod sit aliquid s$ potius non esse significat2 omnis u]o natura e/4 ,et si de omnibus quidem rebus naturam dici placet1 haec sit naturae def9itio quam sup]ius proposuimus4 ,s9 u]o de solis sub/antiis natura dicitur1 quoniam sub/antiae omnes aut corporeae sunt aut incorporeae1 dabimus def9itionem naturae sub/antias significanti huiusmodi3 natura e/ uel quod fac]e uel quod pati possit4 ,pati quidem ac fac]e1 ut omnia corporea atque corporeorum anima2 haec enim 9 corpore et a corpore et facit et patitur4 ,fac]e u]o tantum ut deus cet]aque diu9a4 ,habes igitur def9itionem eius quoque significationis naturae quae tantum sub/antiis applicatur4 ,qua 9 re sub/antiae quoque e/ r$dita def9itio4 ,nam si nom5 naturae sub/antiam mon/rat1 cum naturam descripsimus sub/antiae quoque e/ assignata descriptio4 ,quod si naturae nom5 relictis incorporeis sub/antiis ad corporales usque contrahitur1 ut corporeae tantum sub/antiae naturam hab]e uideantur1 sicut ,ari/oteles cet]ique et eiusmodi et multimodae philosophiae sectatores putant1 def9iemus eam1 ut hi etiam qui naturam non nisi 9 corporibus esse posu]unt4 ,e/ autem eius def9itio hoc modo3 natura e/ motus pr9cipium p] se non p] accid5s4 ,quod motus pr9cipium dixi hoc e/1 quoniam corpus omne habet proprium motum1 ut ignis sursum1 t]ra deorsum4 ,item quod p] se pr9cipium motus naturam esse proposui et non p] accid5s1 tale e/1 quoniam lectum quoque ligneum deorsum f]ri necesse e/1 s$ non deorsum p] accid5s f]tur4 ,idcirco enim quia lignum e/1 quod e/ t]ra1 pond]e et grauitate d$ucitur4 ,non enim quia lectus e/1 deorsum cadit1 s$ quia t]ra e/1 id e/ quia t]rae contigit1 ut lectus esset2 unde fit ut lignum naturalit] esse dicamus1 lectum u]o artificialit]4 ,e/ etiam alia significatio naturae p] quam dicimus diu]sam esse naturam auri atque arg5ti 9 hoc proprietatem r]um mon/r>e cupi5tes1 quae significatio naturae def9ietur hoc modo3 natura e/ unam quamque rem in=mans specifica diff]5tia4 ,cum igitur tot modis uel dicatur uel def9iatur natura1 tam ca?olici quam ,ne/orius secundum ultimam def9itionem duas 9 ,*ri/o naturas esse con/ituunt2 neque enim easdem 9 deum atque hom9em diff]5tias conu5ire4 ,i4 ,nature1 !n1 may be affirm$ ei!r ( bodies alone or ( sub/ances alone1 t is1 ( corporeals or incorporeals1 or ( ev]y?+ t is 9 any way capable ( affirmation4 ,s9ce1 !n1 nature c be affirm$ 9 ?ree ways1 x mu/ obvi\sly be def9$ 9 ?ree ways4 ,= if y *oose to affirm nature ( ! totality ( ?+s1 ! def9ition w be ( su* a k9d z to include all ?+s t are4 ,x w accord+ly be some?+ ( ?is k9d3 ,nature belongs to ^? ?+s :i*1 s9ce !y exi/1 c 9 "s measure be appreh5d$ by ! m9d4 ,?is def9ition1 !n1 includes bo? accid5ts & sub/ances1 = !y all c be appreh5d$ by ! m9d4 ,b ,i add 9 "s measure because ,god & matt] _c be appreh5d$ by m9d1 be x nev] s :ole & p]fect1 b /ill !y are appreh5d$ 9 a measure ?r\gh ! removal ( accid5ts4 ,! reason = add+ ! words1 s9ce !y exi/1 is t ! m]e ^w no?+ d5otes some?+1 ?\gh x does n d5ote nature4 ,= x d5otes1 inde$1 n t any?+ is1 b r non-exi/5ce2 b e nature exi/s4 ,& if we *oose to affirm nature ( ! totality ( ?+s1 ! def9ition w be z we h giv5 x above4 ,b if nature is affirm$ ( sub/ances alone1 we %all1 s9ce all sub/ances are ei!r corporeal or incorporeal1 give to nature d5ot+ sub/ances a def9ition ( ! foll[+ k9d3 ,nature is ei!r t :i* c act or t :i* c be act$ ^u4 ,n[ ! p[] to act & to suff] belongs to all corporeals & ! s\l ( corporeals2 = x bo? acts 9 ! body & suff]s by ! body4 ,b only to act belongs to ,god & o!r div9e sub/ances4 ,"h1 !n1 y h a fur!r def9ition ( :at nature is z appli$ to sub/ances alone4 ,?is def9ition comprises also ! def9ition ( sub/ance4 ,= if ! ^w nature signifies sub/ance1 :5 once we h def9$ nature we h also settl$ ! def9ition ( sub/ance4 ,b if we neglect incorporeal sub/ances & conf9e ! "n nature to corporeal sub/ances s t !y alone appe> to possess ! nature ( sub/ance--:i* is ! view ( ,ari/otle & ! adh]5ts bo? ( 8 & v>i\s o!r s*ools--we %all def9e nature z ^? d :o h only all[$ ! ^w to be appli$ to bodies4 ,n[1 9 accordance ) ?is view1 ! def9ition is z foll[s3 ,nature is ! pr9ciple ( movem5t prop]ly inh]5t 9 & n accid5tally atta*$ to bodies4 ,i say pr9ciple ( movem5t because e body has its prop] movem5t1 fire mov+ upw>ds1 ! e>? mov+ d[nw>ds4 ,& :at ,i mean by movem5t prop]ly inh]5t & n accid5tally atta*$ is se5 by ! example ( a wood5 b$ :i* is necess>ily borne d[nw>d & is n c>ri$ d[nw>d by accid5t4 ,= x is drawn d[nw>d by weight & heav9ess because x is ( wood1 i4e4 an e>?ly mat]ial4 ,= x falls d[n n because x is a b$1 b because x is e>?1 t is1 because x is an accid5t ( e>? t x is a b$2 h5ce we call x wood 9 virtue ( its nature1 b b$ 9 virtue ( ! art t %ap$ x4 ,nature has1 fur!r1 ano!r mean+ accord+ to :i* we speak ( ! diff]5t nature ( gold & silv]1 wi%+ !reby to po9t ! special prop]ty ( ?+s2 ?is mean+ ( nature w be def9$ z foll[s3 ,nature is ! specific diff]5ce t gives =m to any?+4 ,?us1 al?\gh nature is describ$ or def9$ 9 all ^! diff]5t ways1 bo? ,ca?olics & ,ne/orians firmly hold t !re are 9 ,*ri/ two natures ( ! k9d laid d[n 9 our la/ def9ition1 = ! same specific diff]5ces _c apply to ,god & man4 ,,ii4 ,s$ de p]sona maxime dubit>i pote/1 qua5am ei def9itio possit apt>i4 ,si enim omnis habet natura p]sonam1 indissolubilis nodus e/1 qua5am int] naturam p]sonamque possit esse discretio2 aut si non aequatur p]sona naturae1 s$ infra t]m9um spatiumque naturae p]sona subsi/it1 difficile dictu e/ ad quas usque naturas p]sona p]u5iat1 id e/ quas naturas conu5iat hab]e p]sonam1 quas a p]sonae uocabulo segreg>i4 ,nam illud quidem manife/um e/ p]sonae subiectam esse naturam nec praet] naturam p]sonam posse pra$ic>i4 ,ve/ig&a sunt igitur haec inquir5tibus hoc modo4 ,quoniam praet] naturam non pote/ esse p]sona quoniamque naturae aliae sunt sub/antiae1 aliae accid5tes et uidemus p]sonam 9 accid5tibus non posse con/itui 7quis enim dicat ullam alb$9is uel nigr$9is uel magnitud9is esse p]sonam871 rel9quitur ergo ut p]sonam 9 sub/antiis dici conu5iat4 ,s$ sub/anti>um aliae sunt corporeae1 aliae incorporeae4 ,corpore>um u]o aliae sunt uiu5tes1 aliae m9ime2 uiu5tium aliae sunt s5sibiles1 aliae m9ime2 s5sibilium aliae rationales1 aliae inrationales4 ,item incorpore>um aliae sunt rationales1 aliae m9ime1 ut pecudum uitae2 rationalium u]o alia e/ inmutabilis atque inpassibilis p] naturam ut deus1 alia p] creationem mutabilis atque passibilis1 nisi inpassibilis gratia sub/antiae ad inpassibilitatis firmitud9em p]mutetur ut angelorum atque animae4 ,ex quibus omnibus neque 9 non uiu5tibus corporibus p]sonam posse dici manife/um e/ 7nullus enim lapidis ullam dicit esse p]sonam71 neque rursus eorum uiu5tium quae s5su c>5t 7neque enim ulla p]sona e/ arboris71 nec u]o eius quae intellectu ac ratione des]itur 7nulla e/ enim p]sona equi uel b\is cet]orumque animalium quae muta ac s9e ratione uitam solis s5sibus degunt71 at hom9is dicimus esse p]sonam1 dicimus dei1 dicimus angeli4 ,rursus sub/anti>um aliae sunt uniu]sales1 aliae p>ticul>es4 ,vniu]sales sunt quae de s+ulis pra$icantur ut homo1 animal1 lapis1 lignum cet]aque huiusmodi quae uel g5]a uel species sunt2 nam et homo de s+ulis hom9ibus et animal de s+ulis animalibus lapisque ac lignum de s+ulis lapidibus ac lignis dicuntur4 ,p>ticul>ia u]o sunt quae de aliis m9ime pra$icantur ut ,cic]o1 ,plato1 lapis hic unde haec ,a*illis /atua facta e/1 lignum hoc unde haec m5sa composita e/4 ,s$ 9 8 omnibus nusquam 9 uniu]salibus p]sona dici pote/1 s$ 9 s+ul>ibus tantum atque 9 indiuiduis2 animalis enim uel g5]alis hom9is nulla p]sona e/1 s$ uel ,cic]onis uel ,platonis uel s+ulorum indiuiduorum p]sonae s+ulae nuncupantur4 ,,ii4 ,b ! prop] def9ition ( ,p]son is a matt] ( v great p]plexity4 ,= if e nature has p]son1 ! diff]5ce betwe5 nature & p]son is a h>d knot to unravel2 or if p]son is n tak5 z ! equival5t ( nature b is a t]m ( less scope & range1 x is difficult to say to :at natures x may be ext5d$1 t is1 to :at natures ! t]m p]son may be appli$ & :at natures are dissociate f x4 ,= "o ?+ is cle>1 namely t nature is a sub/rate ( ,p]son1 & t ,p]son _c be pr$icat$ ap>t f nature4 ,we mu/1 !re=e1 conduct our inquiry into ^! po9ts z foll[s4 ,s9ce ,p]son _c exi/ ap>t f a nature & s9ce natures are ei!r sub/ances or accid5ts & we see t a p]son _c come into be+ among accid5ts 7= :o c say !re is any p]son ( :ite or black or size871 x !re=e rema9s t ,p]son is prop]ly appli$ to sub/ances4 ,b ( sub/ances1 "s are corporeal & o!rs incorporeal4 ,& ( corporeals1 "s are liv+ & o!rs ! rev]se2 ( liv+ sub/ances1 "s are s5sitive & o!rs ins5sitive2 ( s5sitive sub/ances1 "s are rational & o!rs irrational4#eh ,simil>ly ( incorporeal sub/ances1 "s are rational1 o!rs ! rev]se 7= in/ance ! animat+ spirits ( bea/s72 b ( rational sub/ances !re is "o :i* is immutable & impassible by nature1 namely ,god1 ano!r :i* 9 virtue ( its creation is mutable & passible except 9 t case :]e ! ,grace ( ! impassible sub/ance has trans=m$ x to ! un%ak5 impassibility :i* belongs to angels & to ! s\l4 ,n[ f all ! def9itions we h giv5 x is cle> t ,p]son _c be affirm$ ( bodies :i* h no life 7= no "o ev] said t a /one _h a p]son71 nor yet ( liv+ ?+s :i* lack s5se 7= nei!r is !re any p]son ( a tree71 nor f9ally ( t :i* is b]eft ( m9d & reason 7= !re is no p]son ( a horse or ox or any o!r ( ! animals :i* dumb & unreason+ live a life ( s5se alone71 b we say !re is a p]son ( a man1 ( ,god1 ( an angel4 ,aga91 "s sub/ances are univ]sal1 o!rs are p>ticul>4 ,univ]sal t]ms are ^? :i* are pr$icat$ ( individuals1 z man1 animal1 /one1 /ock & o!r ?+s ( ?is k9d :i* are ei!r g5]a or species2 = ! t]m man is appli$ to individual m5 j z animal is to individual animals1 & /one & /ock to individual /ones & /ocks4 ,b p>ticul>s are t]ms :i* are nev] pr$icat$ ( o!r ?+s1 z ,cic]o1 ,plato1 ?is /one f :i* ?is /atue ( ,a*illes 0 hewn1 ?is piece ( wood out ( :i* ?is table 0 made4 ,b 9 all ^! ?+s p]son _c 9 any case be appli$ to univ]sals1 b only to p>ticul>s & individuals2 = !re is no p]son ( a man if animal or g5]al2 only ! s+le p]sons ( ,cic]o1 ,plato1 or o!r s+le individuals are t]m$ p]sons4 #eh ,= a simil> example ( ! me?od ( diuisio cf4 ,cic4 ,de ,(f4 ii4 #c4 #aa4 ,cf4 also ,isag4 ,porph4 edit4 prima1 i4 #aj 7ed4 ,br&t1 p4 #bi74 ,,iii4 ,quocirca si p]sona 9 solis sub/antiis e/ atque 9 8 rationabilibus sub/antiaque omnis natura e/ nec 9 uniu]salibus s$ 9 indiuiduis con/at1 rep]ta p]sonae e/ def9itio3 naturae rationabilis indiuidua sub/antia4 ,s$ nos hac def9itione eam quam ,graeci ,greek3 hupo/as9 dicunt t]m9auimus4 ,nom5 enim p]sonae uidetur aliunde traductum1 ex 8 scilicet p]sonis quae 9 como$iis trago$iisque eos quorum int]e/ hom9es repraes5tabant4 ,p]sona u]o dicta e/ a p]son&o circumflexa pa5ultima4 ,quod si acuatur antepa5ultima1 ap]tissime a sono dicta uidebitur2 idcirco autem a sono1 quia concauitate ipsa maior necesse e/ uoluatur sonus4 ,graeci quoque has p]sonas ,greek3 prosopa uocant ab eo quod ponantur 9 facie atque ante oculos obtegant uultum3 ,greek3 p>a t\ pros t\s opas ti!/hai4 ,s$ quoniam p]sonis inductis hi/riones indiuiduos hom9es quorum int]]at 9 trago$ia uel 9 como$ia ut dictum e/ repraes5tabant1 id e/ ,hecubam uel ,m$eam uel ,simonem uel ,*remetem1 idcirco cet]os quoque hom9es1 quorum c]ta pro sui =ma esset agnitio1 et ,lat9i p]sonam et ,graeci ,greek3 prosopa nuncupau]unt4 ,longe u]o illi signatius naturae rationabilis indiuiduam subsi/5tiam ,greek3 hupo/aseos nom9e uocau]unt1 nos u]o p] inopiam significantium uocum translaticiam ret9uimus nuncupationem1 eam quam illi ,greek3 hupo/as9 dicunt p]sonam uocantes2 s$ p]itior ,graecia s]monum ,greek3 hupo/as9 uocat indiuiduam subsi/5tiam4 ,atque1 uti ,graeca ut> oratione 9 rebus quae a ,graecis agitata ,lat9a int]pretatione translata sunt3 ,greek3 hai ousiai en m5 tois ka?ol\ e9ai dunantai4 en de tois atomois kai kata m]os monois huphi/antai1 id e/3 ess5tiae 9 uniu]salibus quidem esse possunt1 9 solis u]o indiuiduis et p>ticul>ibus sub/ant4 ,intellectus enim uniu]salium r]um ex p>ticul>ibus sumptus e/4 ,quocirca cum ipsae subsi/5tiae 9 uniu]salibus quidem s9t1 9 p>ticul>ibus u]o capiant sub/antiam1 iure subsi/5tias p>ticul>it] sub/antes ,greek3 hupo/aseis appellau]unt4 ,neque enim p5sius subtiliusque intu5ti idem uidebitur esse subsi/5tia quod sub/antia4 ,nam quod ,graeci ,greek3 ousios9 uel ,greek3 ousio/hai dicunt1 id nos subsi/5tiam uel subsi/]e appellamus2 quod u]o illi ,greek3 hupo/as9 uel ,greek3 huphi/a/hai1 id nos sub/antiam uel sub/>e int]pretamur4 ,subsi/it enim quod ipsum accid5tibus1 ut possit esse1 non indiget4 ,sub/at autem id quod aliis accid5tibus subiectum quoddam1 ut esse ualeant1 subm9i/rat2 sub illis enim /at1 dum subiectum e/ accid5tibus4 ,itaque g5]a uel species subsi/unt tantum2 neque enim accid5tia g5]ibus speciebus99ue cont+unt4 ,indiuidua u]o non modo subsi/unt u]um etiam sub/ant1 nam neque ipsa indig5t accid5tibus ut s9t2 in=mata enim sunt iam propriis et specificis diff]5tiis et accid5tibus ut esse poss9t m9i/rant1 dum sunt scilicet subiecta4 ,quocirca ,greek3 e9ai atque ,greek3 ousio/hai esse atque subsi/]e1 ,greek3 huphi/a/hai u]o sub/>e intellegitur4 ,neque enim u]borum inops ,graecia e/1 ut ,m>cus ,tullius alludit1 s$ ess5tiam1 subsi/5tiam1 sub/antiam1 p]sonam totidem nom9ibus r$dit1 ess5tiam quidem ,greek3 ousian1 subsi/5tiam u]o ,greek3 ousios91 sub/antiam ,greek3 hupo/as91 p]sonam ,greek3 prosopon appellans4 ,ideo autem ,greek3 hupo/aseis ,graeci indiuiduas sub/antias uocau]unt1 quoniam cet]is subsunt et quibusdam quasi accid5tibus subpositae subiectaeque sunt2 atque idcirco nos quoque eas sub/antias nuncupamus quasi subpositas1 quas illi#ei ,greek3 hupo/aseis1 cumque etiam ,greek3 prosopa nuncup5t easdem sub/antias1 possumus nos quoque nuncup>e p]sonas4 ,idem e/ igitur ,greek3 ousian esse quod ess5tiam1 idem ,greek3 ousios9 quod subsi/5tiam1 idem ,greek3 hupo/as9 quod sub/antiam1 idem ,greek3 prosopon quod p]sonam4 ,qu>e autem de inrationabilibus animalibus ,graecus ,greek3 hupo/as9 non dicat1 sicut nos de eisdem nom5 sub/antiae pra$icamus1 haec ratio e/1 quoniam nom5 hoc melioribus applicatum e/1 ut aliqua id quod e/ excell5tius1 tametsi non descriptione naturae secundum id quod ,greek3 huphi/a/hai atque sub/>e e/1 at c]te ,greek3 hupo/aseos uel sub/antiae uocabulis disc]n]etur4 ,e/ igitur et hom9is quidem ess5tia1 id e/ ,greek3 ousia1 et subsi/5tia1 id e/ ,greek3 ousiosis1 et ,greek3 hupo/asis1 id e/ sub/antia1 et ,greek3 prosopon1 id e/ p]sona2 ,greek3 ousia1 quidem atque ess5tia quoniam e/1 ,greek3 ousiosis u]o atque subsi/5tia quoniam 9 nullo subiecto e/1 ,greek3 hupo/asis u]o atque sub/antia1 quoniam sube/ cet]is quae subsi/5tiae non sunt1 id e/ ,greek3 ousioseis2 e/ ,greek3 prosopon atque p]sona1 quoniam e/ rationabile indiuiduum4 ,deus quoque et ,greek3 ousia e/ et ess5tia1 e/ enim et maxime ipse e/ a quo omnium esse pr(iciscitur4 ,e/ ,greek3 ousiosis1 id e/ subsi/5tia 7subsi/it enim nullo indig5s71 et ,greek3 huphi/a/hai2 sub/at enim4 ,vnde etiam dicimus unam esse ,greek3 ousian uel ,greek3 ousios91 id e/ ess5tiam uel subsi/5tiam deitatis1 s$ tres ,greek3 hupo/aseis1 id e/ tres sub/antias4 ,et quidem secundum hunc modum dix]e unam tr9itatis ess5tiam1 tres sub/antias tresque p]sonas4 ,nisi enim tres 9 deo sub/antias ecclesia/icus loqu5di usus exclud]et1 uid]etur idcirco de deo dici sub/antia1 non quod ipse cet]is rebus quasi subiectum suppon]etur1 s$ quod idem omnibus uti praeesset ita etiam quasi pr9cipium subesset rebus1 dum eis omnibus ,greek3 ousio/hai uel subsi/]e subm9i/rat4 #ei quas illi ,vall9us2 quasi uel quas codd4 meliores4 ,,iii4 ,:]e=e if ,p]son belongs to sub/ances alone1 & ^! rational1 & if e nature is a sub/ance1 exi/+ n 9 univ]sals b 9 individuals1 we h f\nd ! def9ition ( ,p]son1 viz43 ,! individual sub/ance ( a rational nature4#fj ,n[ by ?is def9ition we ,lat9s h describ$ :at ! ,greeks call ,greek3 hupo/asis4 ,= ! ^w p]son seems to be borr[$ f a diff]5t s\rce1 namely f ! masks :i* 9 com$ies & trag$ies us$ to signify ! diff]5t subjects ( repres5tation4 ,n[ p]sona mask is d]iv$ f p]son>e1 ) a circumflex on ! p5ultimate4 ,b if ! acc5t is put on ! antep5ultimate#fa ! ^w w cle>ly be se5 to come f sonus s\nd1 & = ?is reason1 t ! holl[ mask necess>ily produces a l>g] s\nd4 ,! ,greeks1 too1 call ^! masks ,greek3 prosopa f ! fact t !y are plac$ ov] ! face & conceal ! c\nt5ance f ! spectator3 ,greek3 p>a t\ pros t\s opas ti!/hai4 ,b s9ce1 z we h said1 x 0 by ! masks !y put on t actors play$ ! diff]5t *>act]s repres5t$ 9 a trag$y or com$y--,hecuba or ,m$ea or ,simon or ,*remes1--s also all o!r m5 :o c\ld be recogniz$ by _! sev]al *>act]i/ics 7 designat$ by ! ,lat9s ) ! t]m p]sona & by ! ,greeks ) ,greek3 prosopa4 ,b ! ,greeks f> m cle>ly gave to ! individual subsi/5ce ( a rational nature ! "n ,greek3 hupo/asis :ile we ?r\gh want ( appropriate words h kept a borr[$ t]m1 call+ t p]sona :i* !y call ,greek3 hupo/asis2 b ,greece ) its ri*] vocabul>y gives ! "n ,greek3 hupo/asis to ! individual subsi/5ce4 ,&1 if ,i may use ,greek 9 deal+ ) matt]s :i* 7 fir/ moot$ by ,greeks be=e !y came to be int]pret$ 9 ,lat93 ,greek3 hai ousiai en m5 tois ka?ol\ e9ai dunantai4 en de tois atomois kai kata m]os monois huphi/antai1 t is3 ess5ces inde$ c h pot5tial exi/5ce 9 univ]sals1 b !y h p>ticul> sub/antial exi/5ce 9 p>ticul>s alone4 ,= x is f p>ticul>s t all our compreh5sion ( univ]sals is tak54 ,:]e=e s9ce subsi/5ces are pres5t 9 univ]sals b acquire sub/ance 9 p>ticul>s !y rightly gave ! "n ,greek3 hupo/asis to subsi/5ces :i* acquir$ sub/ance ?r\gh ! m$ium ( p>ticul>s4 ,= to no "o us+ 8 eyes ) any c>e or p5etration w subsi/5ce & sub/ance appe> id5tical4 ,= our equival5ts ( ! ,greek t]ms ,greek3 ousiosis ousio/hai are respectively subsi/5tia & subsi/]e1 :ile _! ,greek3 hupo/asis huphi/a/hai are repres5t$ by our sub/antia & sub/>e4 ,= a ?+ has subsi/5ce :5 x does n require accid5ts 9 ord] to be1 b t ?+ has sub/ance :i* supplies to o!r ?+s1 accid5ts to wit1 a sub/rate enabl+ !m to be2 = x sub/&s ^? ?+s s long z x is subject$ to accid5ts4 ,?us g5]a & species h only subsi/5ce1 = accid5ts d n atta* to g5]a & species4 ,b p>ticul>s h n only subsi/5ce b sub/ance1 = !y1 no m ?an g5]als1 dep5d on accid5ts = _! ,be+2 = !y are already provid$ ) _! prop] & specific diff]5ces & !y enable accid5ts to be by supply+ !m ) a sub/rate4 ,:]e=e esse & subsi/]e repres5t ,greek3 e9ai & ,greek3 ousio/hai1 :ile sub/>e repres5ts ,greek3 huphi/a/hai4 ,= ,greece is n1 z ,m>cus ,tullius#fb playfully says1 %ort ( words1 b provides exact equival5ts = ess5tia1 subsi/5tia1 sub/antia & p]sona--,greek3 ousia = ess5tia1 ,greek3 ousiosis = subsi/5tia1 ,greek3 hupo/asis = sub/antia1 ,greek3 prosopon = p]sona4 ,b ! ,greeks call$ individual sub/ances ,greek3 hupo/aseis because !y und]lie ! re/ & (f] support & sub/rate to :at are call$ accid5ts2 & we 9 our t]m call !m sub/ances z be+ sub/rate--,greek3 hupo/aseis1 & s9ce !y also t]m ! same sub/ances ,greek3 prosopa1 we too may call !m p]sons4 ,s ,greek3 ousia is id5tical ) ess5ce1 ,greek3 ousiosis ) subsi/5ce1 ,greek3 hupo/asis ) sub/ance1 ,greek3 prosopon ) p]son4 ,b ! reason :y ! ,greek does n use ,greek3 hupo/asis ( irrational animals :ile we apply ! t]m sub/ance to !m is ?is3 ,?is t]m 0 appli$ to ?+s ( high] value1 9 ord] t :at is m excell5t might be di/+ui%$1 if n by a def9ition ( nature answ]+ to ! lit]al mean+ ( ,greek3 huphi/a/haisub/>e1 at any rate by ! words ,greek3 hupo/asissub/antia4 ,to beg9 )1 !n1 man is ess5ce1 i4e4 ,greek3 ousia1 subsi/5ce1 i4e4 ,greek3 ousiosis1 hupo/asis1 i4e4 sub/ance1 ,greek3 prosopon1 i4e4 p]son3 ,greek3 ousia or ess5tia because he is1 ,greek3 ousiosis1 or subsi/5ce because he is n accid5tal to any subject1 ,greek3 hupo/usis or sub/ance because he is subject to all ! ?+s :i* are n subsi/5ces or ,greek3 ousioseis1 :ile he is ,greek3 prosopon or p]son because he is a rational individual4 ,next1 ,god is ,greek3 ousia1 or ess5ce1 = ,he is & is especially t f :i* proce$s ! ,be+ ( all ?+s4 ,to ,him belong ,greek3 ousiosis1 i4e4 subsi/5ce1 = ,he subsi/s 9 absolute indep5d5ce1 & ,greek3 huphi/a/hai1 = ,he is sub/antial ,be+4 ,:5ce we g on to say t !re is "o ,greek3 ousia or ,greek3 ousiosis1 i4e4 "o ess5ce or subsi/5ce ( ! ,godhead1 b ?ree ,greek3 hupo/aseis or sub/ances4 ,& inde$1 foll[+ ?is use1 m5 h spok5 ( ,"o ess5ce1 ?ree sub/ances & ?ree p]sons ( ! ,godhead4 ,= did n ! language ( ! ,*ur* =bid u to say ?ree sub/ances 9 speak+ ( ,god1#fc sub/ance might seem a "r t]m to apply to ,him1 n because ,he und]lies all o!r ?+s l a sub/rate1 b because1 j z ,he excels above all ?+s1 s ,he is ! f\ndation & support ( ?+s1 supply+ !m all ) ,greek3 ousio/hai or subsi/5ce4 #fj ,boe?ius's def9ition ( p]sona 0 adopt$ by ,/4 ,?omas 7,s4 i4 #bi4 #a71 0 reg>d$ z classical by ! ,s*oolm51 & has ! approval ( mod]n !ologians4 ,cf4 ,dorn]1 ,doctr9e ( ,*ri/1 iii4 p4 #caa4 #fa ,imply+ a %ort p5ultimate4 #fb ,tusc4 ii4 #ae4 #ce4 #fc ,= a simil> submission ( 8 own op9ion to ! usage ( ! ,*ur* cf4 ! end ( ,tr4 i4 & ( ,tr4 ii4 ,,iv4 ,s$ haec omnia idcirco s9t dicta1 ut diff]5tiam naturae atque p]sonae id e/ ,greek3 ousias atque ,greek3 hupo/aseos mon/r>emus4 ,quo u]o nom9e unumquodque oporteat appell>i1 ecclesia/icae sit locutionis arbitrium4 ,hoc int]im con/et quod int] naturam p]sonamque diff]re pra$iximus1 quoniam natura e/ cuiuslibet sub/antiae specificata proprietas1 p]sona u]o rationabilis naturae indiuidua sub/antia4 ,hanc 9 ,*ri/o ,ne/orius duplicem esse con/ituit eo scilicet traductus errore1 quod putau]it 9 omnibus naturis dici posse p]sonam4 ,hoc enim praesumpto1 quoniam 9 ,*ri/o duplicem naturam esse c5sebat1 duplicem quoque p]sonam esse confessus e/4 ,qua 9 re eum falsum esse cum def9itio sup]ius dicta conu9cat1 tum haec argum5tatio euid5t] eius decl>abit errorem4 ,si enim non e/ ,*ri/i una p]sona duasque naturas esse manife/um e/1 hom9is scilicet atque dei 7nec tam erit insipi5s quisquam1 utqui utramque e>um a ratione seiungat71 sequitur ut duae uideantur esse p]sonae2 e/ enim p]sona ut dictum e/ naturae rationabilis indiuidua sub/antia4 ,quae e/ igitur facta hom9is deique coniunctio8 ,num ita quasi cum duo corpora sibimet apponuntur1 ut tantum locis iuncta s9t et nihil 9 alt]um ex alt]ius qualitate p]u5iat8 ,quem coniunctionis ,graeci modum ,greek3 kata p>a!s9 uocant4 ,s$ si ita humanitas diu9itati coniuncta e/1 nihil horum ex utrisque confectum e/ ac p] hoc nihil e/ ,*ri/us4 ,nom5 quippe ipsum unum quiddam significat s+ul>itate uocabuli4 ,at si duabus p]sonis man5tibus ea coniunctio qualem sup]ius diximus facta e/ natur>um1 unum ex duobus effici nihil potuit2 omn9o enim ex duabus p]sonis nihil umquam fi]i pote/4 ,nihil igitur unum secundum ,ne/orium ,*ri/us e/ ac p] hoc omn9o nihil4 ,quod enim non e/ unum1 nec esse omn9o pote/2 esse enim atque unum conu]titur et quodcumque unum e/ e/4 ,etiam ea quae ex pluribus coniunguntur ut ac]uus1 *orus1 unum tam5 sunt4 ,s$ esse ,*ri/um manife/e ac u]acit] confitemur2 unum igitur esse dicimus ,*ri/um4 ,quod si ita e/1 unam quoque ,*ri/i s9e dubitatione p]sonam esse necesse e/4 ,nam si duae p]sonae ess5t1 unus esse non posset2 duos u]o esse dic]e ,*ri/os nihil e/ aliud nisi praecipitatae m5tis insania4 ,cur enim omn9o duos audeat ,*ri/os uoc>e1 unum hom9em alium deum8 ,vel cur eum qui deus e/ ,*ri/um uocat1 si eum quoque qui homo e/ ,*ri/um e/ appellaturus1 cum nihil simile1 nihil habeant ex copulatione coniunctum8 ,cur simili nom9e diu]sissimis abutatur naturis1 cum1 si ,*ri/um def9ire cogitur1 utrisque ut ipse dicit ,*ri/is non possit unam def9itionis adhib]e sub/antiam8 ,si enim dei atque hom9is diu]sa sub/antia e/ unumque 9 utrisque ,*ri/i nom5 nec diu]s>um coniunctio sub/anti>um unam cr$itur fecisse p]sonam1 aequiuocum nom5 e/ ,*ri/i et nulla pote/ def9itione concludi4 ,quibus autem umquam scripturis nom5 ,*ri/i gem9atur8 ,quid u]o n\i p] adu5tum saluatoris effectum e/8 ,nam ca?olicis et fidei u]itas et r>itas miraculi con/at4 ,quam enim magnum e/ quamque n\um1 quam quod semel nec ullo alio saeculo possit eu5ire1 ut eius qui solus e/ deus natura cum humana quae ab eo erat diu]sissima conu5iret atque ita ex di/antibus naturis una fi]et copulatione p]sona6 ,secundum ,ne/orii u]o s5t5tiam quid cont+it n\i8 ,s]uant1 inquit1 proprias humanitas diu9itasque p]sonas4 ,qu&o enim non fuit diu9itatis propria humanitatisque p]sona8 ,qu&o u]o non erit8 ,vel quid amplius 9 ,iesu g5]atione cont+it quam 9 cuiuslibet alt]ius1 si discretis utrisque p]sonis discretae etiam fu]e naturae8 ,ita enim p]sonis man5tibus illic nulla natur>um potuit esse coniunctio1 ut 9 quolibet hom9e1 cuius cum propria p]sona subsi/at1 nulla e/ ei excell5tissimae sub/antiae coniuncta diu9itas4 ,s$ =tasse ,iesum1 id e/ p]sonam hom9is1 idcirco ,*ri/um uocet1 quoniam p] eam mira qua$am sit op]ata diu9itas4 ,e/o4 ,deum u]o ipsum ,*ri/i appellatione cur uocet8 ,cur u]o non elem5ta quoque ipsa simili audeat appell>e uocabulo p] quae deus mira qua$am cotidianis motibus op]atur8 ,an quia inrationabiles sub/antiae non possunt hab]e p]sonam qua#fd ,*ri/i uocabulum excip]e poss9t#fe8 ,nonne 9 sanctis hom9ibus ac pietate conspicuis ap]tus diu9itatis actus agnoscitur8 ,nihil enim int]]it1 cur non sanctos quoque uiros eadem appellatione dignetur1 si 9 adsumptione humanitatis non e/ una ex coniunctione p]sona4 ,s$ dicat =sitan1 ,illos quoque ,*ri/os uoc>i fateor1 s$ ad imag9em u]i ,*ri/i4 ,quod si nulla ex hom9e atque deo una p]sona coniuncta e/1 omnes ita u]os ,*ri/os arbitrabimur ut hunc qui ex uirg9e g5itus cr$itur4 ,nulla quippe 9 hoc adunata p]sona e/ ex dei atque hom9is copulatione sicut nec 9 eis1 qui dei spiritu de u5turo ,*ri/o pra$icebant1 propt] quod etiam ipsi quoque appellati sunt ,*ri/i4 ,iam u]o sequitur1 ut p]sonis man5tibus nullo modo a diu9itate humanitas cr$atur adsumpta4 ,omn9o enim disiuncta sunt quae aeque p]sonis naturisque sep>antur1 prorsus inquam disiuncta sunt nec magis int] se hom9es b\esque disiuncti quam diu9itas 9 ,*ri/o humanitasque discreta e/1 si mans]e p]sonae4 ,hom9es quippe ac b\es una animalis communitate iunguntur2 e/ enim illis secundum g5us communis sub/antia eademque 9 uniu]salitatis collectione natura4 ,deo u]o atque hom9i quid non erit diu]sa ratione disiunctum1 si sub diu]sitate naturae p]son>um quoque cr$atur mansisse discretio8 ,non e/ igitur saluatum g5us humanum1 nulla 9 nos salus ,*ri/i g5]atione processit1 tot prophet>um scripturae populum inlus]e cr$5tem1 omnis uet]is te/am5ti sp]natur auctoritas p] quam salus mundo ,*ri/i g5]atione promittitur4 ,non autem pr\5isse manife/um e/1 si eadem 9 p]sona e/ quae 9 natura diu]sitas4 ,eundem quippe saluum fecit quem cr$itur adsumpsisse2 nulla u]o intellegi adsumptio pote/1 si manet aeque naturae p]sonaeque discretio4 ,igitur qui adsumi man5te p]sona non potuit1 iure non uidebitur p] ,*ri/i g5]ationem potuisse salu>i4 ,non e/ igitur p] g5]ationem ,*ri/i hom9um saluata natura1--quod cr$i nefas e/4 ,s$ quamquam p]multa s9t quae hunc s5sum inpugn>e ualeant atque p]fr+]e1 de argum5torum copia tam5 haec int]im libasse sufficiat4 #fd quae codd4 #fe possit ,vall9us4 ,,iv4 ,y mu/ consid] t all ,i h said s f> has be5 = ! purpose ( m>k+ ! diff]5ce betwe5 ,nature & ,p]son1 t is1 ,greek3 ousia & ,greek3 hupo/asis4 ,! exact t]ms :i* %\ld be appli$ 9 ea* case mu/ be left to ! decision ( ecclesia/ical usage4 ,= ! "t be+ let t di/9ction betwe5 ,nature & ,p]son hold :i* ,i h affirm$1 viz4 t ,nature is ! specific prop]ty ( any sub/ance1 & ,p]son ! individual sub/ance ( a rational nature4 ,ne/orius affirm$ t 9 ,*ri/ ,p]son 0 tw(old1 be+ l$ a/ray by ! false notion t ,p]son may be appli$ to e nature4 ,= on ?is assumption1 und]/&+ t !re 7 9 ,*ri/ two natures1 he decl>$ t !re 7 likewise two p]sons4 ,& al?\gh ! def9ition :i* we h already giv5 is en\gh to prove ,ne/orius wrong1 8 error %all be fur!r decl>$ by ! foll[+ argum5t4 ,if ! ,p]son ( ,*ri/ is n s+le1 & if x is cle> t !re are 9 ,him two natures1 to wit1 div9e & human 7& no "o w be s fooli% z to fail to include ei!r 9 ! def9ition71 x foll[s t !re mu/ app>5tly be two p]sons2 = ,p]son1 z has be5 said1 is ! individual sub/ance ( a rational nature4 ,:at k9d ( union1 !n1 betwe5 ,god & man has be5 effect$8 ,is x z :5 two bodies are laid ! "o aga9/ ! o!r1 s t !y are only jo9$ locally1 & no t\* ( ! quality ( ! "o rea*es ! o!r--! k9d ( union :i* ! ,greeks t]m ,greek3 kata p>a!s9 by juxtaposition8 ,b if humanity has be5 unit$ to div9ity 9 ?is way no "o ?+ has be5 =m$ out ( ! two1 & h5ce ,*ri/ is no?+4 ,! v "n ( ,*ri/1 inde$1 d5otes by its s+ul> numb] a unity4 ,b if ! two p]sons cont9u$ & su* a union ( natures z we h above describ$ took place1 !re c\ld be no unity =m$ f two ?+s1 = no?+ c\ld ev] possibly be =m$ out ( two p]sons4 ,!re=e ,*ri/ is1 accord+ to ,ne/orius1 9 no respect "o1 & !re=e ,he is absolutely no?+4 ,= :at is n "o _c exi/ ei!r2 because ,be+ & unity are conv]tible t]ms1 & :atev] is "o is4 ,ev5 ?+s :i* are made up ( _m items1 su* z a heap or *orus1 are nev]!less a unity4 ,n[ we op5ly & hone/ly confess t ,*ri/ is2 !re=e we say t ,*ri/ is a ,unity4 ,& if ?is is s1 !n )\t controv]sy ! ,p]son ( ,*ri/ is "o also4 ,= if ! ,p]sons 7 two ,he c\ld n be "o2 b to say t !re are two ,*ri/s is no?+ else ?an ! madness ( a di/raught bra94 ,c\ld ,ne/orius1 ,i ask1 d>e to call ! "o man & ! "o ,god 9 ,*ri/ two ,*ri/s8 ,or :y does he call ,him ,*ri/ :o is ,god1 if he is also go+ to call ,him ,*ri/ :o is man1 :5 8 comb9ation gives ! two no common factor1 no coh]5ce8 ,:y does he wrongly use ! same "n = two utt]ly diff]5t natures1 :51 if he is compell$ to def9e ,*ri/1 he _c1 z he himself admits1 apply ! sub/ance ( "o def9ition to bo? 8 ,*ri/s8 ,= if ! sub/ance ( ,god is diff]5t f t ( man1 & ! "o "n ( ,*ri/ applies to bo?1 & ! comb9ation ( diff]5t sub/ances is n believ$ to h =m$ "o ,p]son1 ! "n ( ,*ri/ is equivocal#ff & _c be compris$ 9 "o def9ition4 ,b 9 :at ,scriptures is ! "n ( ,*ri/ ev] made d\ble8 ,or :at new ?+ has be5 wr\ght by ! com+ ( ! ,savi\r8 ,= ! tru? ( ! fai? & ! unwont$ness ( ! miracle alike rema91 = ,ca?olics1 un%ak54 ,= h[ great & unprec$5t$ a ?+ x is--unique & incapable ( repetition 9 any o!r age--t ! nature ( ,him :o is ,god alone %\ld come toge!r ) human nature :i* 0 entirely diff]5t f ,god to =m f diff]5t natures by conjunction a s+le ,p]son6 ,b n[1 if we foll[ ,ne/orius1 :at happ5s t is new8 ,humanity & div9ity1 quo? he1 keep _! prop] ,p]sons4 ,well1 :5 _h n div9ity & humanity ea* its prop] ,p]son8 ,& :51 we answ]1 w ?is n be s8 ,or :]e9 is ! bir? ( ,jesus m significant ?an t ( any o!r *ild1 if1 ! two ,p]sons rema9+ di/9ct1 ! natures also 7 di/9ct8 ,= :ile ! ,p]sons rema9$ s !re c\ld no m be a union ( natures 9 ,*ri/ ?an !re c\ld be 9 any o!r man ) ^: sub/ance1 be x nev] s p]fect1 no div9ity 0 ev] unit$ because ( ! subsi/5ce ( 8 prop] p]son4 ,b = ! sake ( argum5t let him call ,jesus1 i4e4 ! human p]son1 ,*ri/1 because ?r\gh t p]son ,god wr\ght c]ta9 wond]s4 ,agre$4 ,b :y %\ld he call ,god ,himself by ! "n ( ,*ri/8 ,:y %\ld he n g on to call ! v elem5ts by t "n8 ,= ?r\gh !m 9 _! daily movem5ts ,god works c]ta9 wond]s4 ,is x because irrational sub/ances _c possess a ,p]son enabl+ !m to receive ! "n ( ,*ri/8 ,is n ! op]ation ( ,god se5 pla9ly 9 m5 ( holy life & notable piety8 ,!re w surely be no reason n to call ! sa9ts also by t "n1 if ,*ri/ tak+ humanity on ,him is n "o ,p]son ?r\gh conjunction4 ,b p]haps he w say1 ,i all[ t su* m5 are call$ ,*ri/s1 b x is because !y are 9 ! image ( ! true ,*ri/4 ,b if no "o ,p]son has be5 =m$ ( ! union ( ,god & man1 we %all consid] all ( !m j z true ,*ri/s z ,him :o1 we believe1 0 born ( a ,virg94 ,= no ,p]son has be5 made "o by ! union ( ,god & man ei!r 9 ,him or 9 !m :o by ! ,_s ( ,god =etold ! com+ ,*ri/1 = :i* cause !y too 7 call$ ,*ri/s4 ,s n[ x foll[s t s long z ! ,p]sons rema91 we _c 9 any wise believe t humanity has be5 assum$ by div9ity4 ,= ?+s :i* diff] alike 9 p]sons & natures are c]ta9ly sep>ate1 nay absolutely sep>ate2 man & ox5 are n fur!r sep>ate ?an are div9ity & humanity 9 ,*ri/1 if ! ,p]sons h rema9$4 ,m5 inde$ & ox5 are unit$ 9 "o animal nature1 = by g5us !y h a common sub/ance & ! same nature 9 ! collection :i* =ms ! univ]sal4#fg ,b ,god & man w be at all po9ts fundam5tally diff]5t if we are to believe t di/9ction ( ,p]sons cont9ues "u diff]5ce ( nature4 ,!n ! human race has n be5 sav$1 ! bir? ( ,*ri/ has br\ght u no salvation1 ! writ+s ( all ! prophets h b beguil$ ! p t believ$ 9 !m1 contempt is p\r$ ^u ! au?ority ( ! :ole ,old ,te/am5t :i* promis$ to ! _w salvation by ! bir? ( ,*ri/4 ,x is pla9 t salvation has n be5 br\ght u1 if !re is ! same diff]5ce 9 ,p]son t !re is 9 ,nature4 ,no d\bt ,he sav$ t humanity :i* we believe ,he assum$2 b no assumption c be conceiv$1 if ! sep>ation abides alike ( ,nature & ( ,p]son4 ,h5ce t human nature :i* c\ld n be assum$ z long z ! ,p]son cont9u$1 w c]ta9ly & rightly appe> incapable ( salvation by ! bir? ( ,*ri/4 ,:]e=e man's nature has n be5 sav$ by ! bir? ( ,*ri/--an impi\s conclusion4#fh ,b al?\gh !re are _m weapons /rong en\gh to w\nd & demoli% ! ,ne/orian view1 let u = ! mom5t be cont5t ) ?is small selection f ! /ore ( argum5ts available4 #ff ,cf4 ! discussion ( aequiuoca,greek3 homonumos 9 ,isag4 ,porph4 ,vide ,br&t's ,index4 #fg ,vniu]salitas,greek3 to ka?ol\4 #fh ,= a simil> r$uctio ad absurdum end+ 9 quod nefas e/ see ,tr4 iii4 7supra1 p4 #dd7 & ,cons4 v4 #c 7infra1 p4 #cgd74 ,v4 ,transeundum quippe e/ ad ,euty*5 qui cum a uet]um orbitis esset euagatus1 9 contr>ium cucurrit errorem ass]5s tantum abesse1 ut 9 ,*ri/o gem9a p]sona cr$atur1 ut ne naturam quidem 9 eo duplicem oporteat confit]i2 ita quippe esse adsumptum hom9em1 ut ea sit adunatio facta cum deo1 ut natura humana non mans]it4 ,huius error ex eodem quo ,ne/orii fonte prolabitur4 ,nam sicut ,ne/orius arbitratur non posse esse naturam duplicem qu9 p]sona fi]et duplex1 atque ideo1 cum 9 ,*ri/o naturam duplicem confit]etur1 duplicem cr$idit esse p]sonam1 ita quoque ,euty*es non putauit naturam duplicem esse s9e duplicatione p]sonae et cum non confit]etur duplicem esse p]sonam1 arbitratus e/ consequ5s1 ut una uid]etur esse natura4 ,itaque ,ne/orius recte t55s duplicem 9 ,*ri/o esse naturam sacrilege confitetur duas esse p]sonas2 ,euty*es u]o recte cr$5s unam esse p]sonam impie cr$it unam quoque esse naturam4 ,qui conuictus euid5tia r]um1 qu&oquidem manife/um e/ aliam naturam esse hom9is aliam dei1 ait duas se confit]i 9 ,*ri/o naturas ante adunationem1 unam u]o po/ adunationem4 ,quae s5t5tia non ap]te quod uult eloquitur4 ,vt tam5 eius dem5tiam p]scrutemur1 adunatio haec aut tempore g5]ationis facta e/ aut tempore resurrectionis4 ,s$ si tempore g5]ationis facta e/1 uidetur put>e et ante g5]ationem fuisse humanam c>nem non a ,m>ia sumptam s$ aliquo modo alio praep>atam1 ,m>iam u]o uirg9em appositam ex qua c>o nasc]etur quae ab ea sumpta non esset1 illam u]o c>nem quae antea fu]it esse et diuisam atque a diu9itatis sub/antia sep>atam2 cum ex uirg9e natus e/1 adunatum esse deo1 ut una uid]etur facta esse natura4 ,vel si haec eius s5t5tia non e/1 illa esse pot]it dic5tis duas ante adunationem1 unam po/ adunationem1 si adunatio g5]atione p]fecta e/1 ut corpus quidem a ,m>ia sumps]it1 s$1 antequam sum]et1 diu]sam deitatis humanitatisque fuisse naturam2 sumptam u]o unam factam atque 9 diu9itatis cessisse sub/antiam4 ,quod si hanc adunationem non putat g5]atione s$ resurrectione factam1 rursus id duobus fi]i arbitrabitur modis2 aut enim g5ito ,*ri/o et non adsum5te de ,m>ia corpus aut adsum5te ab eadem c>nem1 usque dum resurg]et quidem1 duas fuisse naturas1 po/ resurrectionem unam factam4 ,de quibus illud disiunctum nascitur1 quod int]rogabimus hoc modo3 natus ex ,m>ia ,*ri/us aut ab ea c>nem humanam traxit aut m9ime4 ,si non confitetur ex ea traxisse1 dicat quo hom9e indutus adu5]it1 utrumne eo qui decid]at praeu>icatione peccati an alio8 ,si eo de cuius sem9e ductus e/ homo1 quem ue/ita diu9itas e/8 ,nam si ex sem9e ,abrahae atque ,dauid et po/remo ,m>iae non fuit c>o illa qua natus e/1 o/5dat ex cuius hom9is sit c>ne d]iuatus1 quoniam po/ primum hom9em c>o omnis humana ex humana c>ne d$ucitur4 ,s$ si quem dix]it hom9em a quo g5]atio sumpta sit saluatoris praet] ,m>iam uirg9em1 et ipse errore confundetur et adscrib]e m5dacii notam summae diu9itati inlusus ipse uidebitur1 qu&o quod ,abrahae atque ,dauid promittitur 9 sanctis diu9ationibus1 ut ex eorum sem9e toti mundo salus oriatur1 aliis di/ribuit1 cum praes]tim1 si humana c>o sumpta e/1 non ab alio sumi potu]it nisi unde etiam procreabatur4 ,si igitur a ,m>ia non e/ sumptum corpus humanum s$ a quolibet alio1 p] ,m>iam tam5 e/ procreatum quod fu]at praeu>icatione corruptum1 sup]ius dicto repellitur argum5to4 ,quod si non eo hom9e ,*ri/us indutus e/ qui pro peccati po5a su/9u]at mortem1 illud eu5iet ex nullius hom9is sem9e talem potuisse nasci qui fu]it s9e orig9alis po5a peccati4 ,ex nullo igitur talis sumpta e/ c>o2 unde fit ut n\it] uideatur esse =mata4 ,s$ haec aut ita hom9um uisa e/ oculis1 ut humanum put>etur corpus quod reu]a non esset humanum1 quippe quod nulli orig9ali subiac]et po5ae1 aut n\a qua$am u]a nec po5ae peccati subiac5s orig9alis ad tempus hom9is natura =mata e/8 ,si u]um hom9is corpus non fuit1 ap]te arguitur m5tita diu9itas1 quae o/5d]et hom9ibus corpus1 quod cum u]um non esset1 tum fall]5tur ii#fi qui u]um esse arbitr>5tur4 ,at si n\a u]aque non ex hom9e sumpta c>o =mata e/1 quo tanta trago$ia g5]ationis8 ,vbi ambitus passionis8 ,ego quippe ne 9 hom9e quidem non /ulte fi]i puto quod inutilit] factum e/4 ,ad quam u]o utilitatem facta probabitur tanta humilitas diu9itatis1 si homo qui p]iit g5]atione ac passione ,*ri/i saluatus non e/1 quoniam negatur adsumptus8 ,rursus igitur sicut ab eodem ,ne/orii fonte ,euty*is error pr9cipium sumpsit1 ita ad eundem f9em relabitur1 ut secundum ,euty*5 quoque non sit saluatum g5us humanum1 quoniam non is qui aeg] esset et saluatione curaque eg]et1 adsumptus e/4 ,traxisse autem hanc s5t5tiam uidetur1 si tam5 huius erroris fuit ut cr$]et non fuisse corpus ,*ri/i u]e ex hom9e s$ extra atque adeo 9 caelo =matum1 quoniam cum eo 9 caelum cr$itur asc5disse4 ,quod exemplum cont9et tale3 non asc5dit 9 caelum1 nisi qui de caelo desc5dit4 #fi hii uel hi codd4 ,v4 ,i mu/ n[ pass to ,euty*es :o1 w&]+ f ! pa? ( primitive doctr9e1 has ru%$ into ! opposite error#gj & ass]ts t s f> f our hav+ to believe 9 a tw(old ,p]son 9 ,*ri/1 we mu/ n ev5 confess a d\ble ,nature2 humanity1 he ma9ta9s1 0 s assum$ t ! union ) ,godhead involv$ ! disappe>ance ( ! human nature4 ,8 error spr+s f ! same s\rce z t ( ,ne/orius4 ,= j z ,ne/orius deems !re c\ld n be a d\ble ,nature unless ! ,p]son 7 d\bl$1 & !re=e1 confess+ ! d\ble ,nature 9 ,*ri/1 has p]=ce believ$ ! ,p]son to be d\ble1 s also ,euty*es deem$ t ! ,nature 0 n d\ble unless ! ,p]son 0 d\ble1 & s9ce he did n confess a d\ble ,p]son1 he ?\ght x a necess>y consequ5ce t ! ,nature %\ld be reg>d$ z s+le4 ,?us ,ne/orius1 rightly hold+ ,*ri/'s ,nature to be d\ble1 sacrilegi\sly pr(esses ! ,p]sons to be two2 :]eas ,euty*es1 rightly believ+ ! ,p]son to be s+le1 impi\sly believes t ! ,nature also is s+le4 ,& be+ confut$ by ! pla9 evid5ce ( facts1 s9ce x is cle> t ! ,nature ( ,god is diff]5t f t ( man1 he decl>es 8 belief to be3 two ,natures 9 ,*ri/ be=e ! union & only "o aft] ! union4 ,n[ ?is /atem5t does n express cle>ly :at he means4 ,h[ev]1 let u scrut9ize 8 extravagance4 ,x is pla9 t ?is union took place ei!r at ! mom5t ( conception or at ! mom5t ( resurrection4 ,b if x happ5$ at ! mom5t ( conception1 ,euty*es seems to ?9k t ev5 be=e conception ,he _h human fle%1 n tak5 f ,m>y b prep>$ 9 "s o!r way1 :ile ! ,virg9 ,m>y 0 br\ght 9 to give bir? to fle% t 0 n tak5 f h]2 t ?is fle%1 :i* already exi/$1 0 ap>t & sep>ate f ! sub/ance ( div9ity1 b t :5 ,he 0 born ( ! ,virg9 x 0 unit$ to ,god1 s t ! ,nature seem$ to be made "o4 ,or if ?is be n 8 op9ion1 s9ce he says t !re 7 two ,natures be=e ! union & "o aft]1 suppos+ ! union to be e/abli%$ by conception1 an alt]native view may be t ,*ri/ inde$ took a body f ,m>y b t be=e ,he took x ! ,natures ( ,godhead & manhood 7 diff]5t3 b ! ,nature assum$ became "o ) t ( ,godhead into :i* x pass$4 ,b if he ?9ks t ?is union 0 effect$ n by conception b by resurrection1 we %all h to assume t ?is too happ5$ 9 "o ( two ways2 ei!r ,*ri/ 0 conceiv$ & did n assume a body f ,m>y or ,he did assume fle% f h]1 & !re 7 7until inde$ ,he rose7 two ,natures :i* became "o aft] ! ,resurrection4 ,f ^! alt]natives a dilemma arises :i* we w exam9e z foll[s3 ,*ri/ :o 0 born ( ,m>y ei!r did or did n take human fle% f h]4 ,if ,euty*es does n admit t ,he took x f h]1 !n let him say :at manhood ,he put on to come among u--t :i* _h fall5 ?r\gh s9ful disob$i5ce or ano!r8 ,if x 0 ! manhood ( t man f :om all m5 desc5d1 :at manhood did div9ity inve/8 ,= if t fle% 9 :i* ,he 0 born came n ( ! se$ ( ,abraham & ( ,david & f9ally ( ,m>y1 let ,euty*es %[ f :at man's fle% he desc5d$1 s9ce1 aft] ! fir/ man1 all human fle% is d]iv$ f human fle%4 ,b if he %all "n any *ild ( man beside ,m>y ! ,virg9 z ! cause ( ! conception ( ! ,savi\r1 he w bo? be conf\nd$ by 8 own error1 &1 himself a dupe1 w /& accus$ ( /amp+ ) falsehood ! v ,godhead = ?us transf]r+ to o!rs ! promise ( ! sacr$ oracles made to ,abraham & ,david#ga t ( _! se$ salvation %\ld arise = all ! _w1 especially s9ce if human fle% 0 tak5 x c\ld n be tak5 f any o!r b ,him ( :om x 0 begott54 ,if1 !re=e1 ,8 human body 0 n tak5 f ,m>y b f any o!r1 yet t 0 eng5d]$ ?r\gh ,m>y :i* _h be5 corrupt$ by disob$i5ce1 ,euty*es is confut$ by ! argum5t already /at$4 ,b if ,*ri/ did n put on t manhood :i* _h endur$ dea? 9 puni%m5t = s91 x w result t ( no man's se$ c\ld ev] "o h be5 born :o %\ld be1 l ,him1 )\t puni%m5t = orig9al s94 ,!re=e fle% l ,8 0 tak5 f no man1 :5ce x w\ld appe> to h be5 new- =m$ = ! purpose4 ,b did ?is fle% !n ei!r s appe> to human eyes t ! body 0 deem$ human :i* 0 n really human1 because x 0 n subject to any primal p5alty1 or 0 "s new true human fle% =m$ z a make%ift1 n subject to ! p5alty = orig9al s98 ,if x 0 n a truly human body1 ! ,godhead is pla9ly convict$ ( falsehood = display+ to m5 a body :i* 0 n real & ?us deceiv$ ^? :o ?\ght x real4 ,b if fle% _h be5 =m$ new & real & n tak5 f man1 to :at purpose 0 ! trem5d\s trag$y ( ! conception8 ,:]e ! value ( ,8 long ,passion8 ,i _c b consid] fooli% ev5 a human action t is useless4 ,& to :at useful end %all we say ?is great humiliation ( ,div9ity 0 wr\ght if ru9$ man has n be5 sav$ by ! conception & ! ,passion ( ,*ri/--= !y d5i$ t he 0 tak5 into ,godhead8 ,once m !n1 j z ! error ( ,euty*es took its rise f ! same s\rce z t ( ,ne/orius1 s x ha/5s to ! same goal inasmu* z accord+ to ,euty*es also ! human race has n be5 sav$1#gb s9ce man :o 0 sick & ne$$ heal? & salvation 0 n tak5 into ,godhead4 ,yet ?is is ! conclusion he seems to h drawn1 if he err$ s deeply z to believe t ,*ri/'s body 0 n tak5 really f man b f a s\rce outside him & prep>$ = ! purpose 9 heav51 = ,he is believ$ to h asc5d$ ) x up into heav54 ,:i* is ! mean+ ( ! text3 none ha? asc5d$ into heav5 save ,him :o came d[n f heav54 #gj ,! ecclesia/ical uia m$ia1 ) ! relegation ( oppos+ !ories to ! extremes1 :i* meet 9 a common f\nt ( falsity1 owes some?+ to ,ari/otle & to our au?or4 ,vide infra1 p4 #aah4 #ga ,! use ( ?is k9d ( argum5t by ,boe?ius allays any suspicion z to ! g5u95ess ( ,tr4 iv4 :i* might be caus$ by ! use ( allegorical int]pretation !re94 ,note also t 9 ! ,consolatio ! framework is allegory1 :i* is also freely appli$ 9 ! details4 #gb ,ano!r r$uctio ad absurdum or ad impietatem1 cf4 supra1 p4 #ih1 note b4 ,,vi4 ,s$ satis de ea p>te dictum uidetur1 si corpus quod ,*ri/us excepit ex ,m>ia non cr$atur adsumptum4 ,si u]o adsumptum e/ ex ,m>ia neque p]mansit p]fecta humana diu9aque natura1 id tribus effici potuit modis3 aut enim diu9itas 9 humanitatem translata e/ aut humanitas 9 diu9itatem aut utraeque 9 se ita temp]atae sunt atque commixtae1 ut neutra sub/antia propriam =mam t5]et4 ,s$ si diu9itas 9 humanitatem translata e/1 factum e/1 quod cr$i nefas e/1 ut humanitate inmutabili sub/antia p]man5te diu9itas u]t]etur et quod passibile atque mutabile naturalit] exsi/]et1 id inmutabile p]man]et1 quod u]o inmutabile atque inpassibile naturalit] cr$itur1 id 9 rem mutabilem u]t]etur4 ,hoc igitur fi]i nulla ratione cont+it4 ,s$ humana =sitan natura 9 deitatem uideatur esse conu]sa4 ,hoc u]o qui fi]i pote/1 si diu9itas 9 g5]atione ,*ri/i et humanam animam suscepit et corpus8 ,non enim omnis res 9 rem omnem u]ti ac transmut>i pote/4 ,nam cum sub/anti>um aliae s9t corporeae1 aliae incorporeae1 neque corporea 9 incorpoream neque incorporea 9 eam quae corpus e/ mut>i pote/1 nec u]o incorporea 9 se inuicem =mas proprias mutant2 sola enim mut>i trans=m>ique 9 se possunt quae hab5t unius mat]iae commune subiectum1 nec haec omnia1 s$ ea quae 9 se et fac]e et pati possunt4 ,id u]o probatur hoc modo3 neque enim pote/ aes 9 lapidem p]mut>i nec u]o idem aes 9 h]bam nec quodlibet aliud corpus 9 quodlibet aliud transfigur>i pote/1 nisi et eadem sit mat]ia r]um 9 se transeuntium et a se et fac]e et pati poss9t1 ut1 cum u9um atque aqua misc5tur1 utraque sunt talia quae actum sibi passionemque communic5t4 ,pote/ enim aquae qualitas a u9i qualitate aliquid pati2 pote/ item u9i ab aquae qualitate aliquid pati4 ,atque idcirco si multum quidem fu]it aquae1 u9i u]o paululum1 non dicuntur inmixta1 s$ alt]um alt]ius qualitate corrumpitur4 ,si quis enim u9um fundat 9 m>e1 non mixtum e/ m>i u9um s$ 9 m>e corruptum1 idcirco quoniam qualitas aquae multitud9e sui corporis nihil passa e/ a qualitate u9i1 s$ potius 9 se ipsam u9i qualitatem propria multitud9e commutauit4 ,si u]o s9t m$iocres sibique aequales uel paulo inaequales naturae quae a se fac]e et pati possunt1 illae misc5tur et m$iocribus int] se qualitatibus temp]antur4 ,atque haec quidem 9 corporibus neque 8 omnibus1 s$ tantum quae a se1 ut dictum e/1 et fac]e et pati possunt communi atque eadem mat]ia subiecta4 ,omne enim corpus quod 9 g5]atione et corruptione subsi/it communem uidetur hab]e mat]iam1 s$ non omne ab omni uel 9 omni uel fac]e aliquid uel pati pote/4 ,corpora u]o 9 incorporea nulla ratione pot]unt p]mut>i1 quoniam nulla communi mat]ia subiecta p>ticipant quae susceptis qualitatibus 9 alt]utram p]mutetur4 ,omnis enim natura incorporeae sub/antiae nullo mat]iae nititur fundam5to2 nullum u]o corpus e/ cui non sit mat]ia subiecta4 ,quod cum ita sit cumque ne ea quidem quae communem mat]iam naturalit] hab5t 9 se transeant1 nisi illis adsit pote/as 9 se et a se faci5di ac pati5di1 multo magis 9 se non p]mutabuntur quibus non modo communis mat]ia non e/1 s$ cum alia res mat]iae fundam5to nititur ut corpus1 alia omn9o mat]iae subiecto non egeat ut incorporeum4 ,non igitur fi]i pote/1 ut corpus 9 incorporalem speciem p]mutetur1 nec u]o fi]i pote/1 ut incorporalia 9 sese commixtione aliqua p]mut5tur4 ,quorum enim communis nulla mat]ia e/1 nec 9 se u]ti ac p]mut>i queunt4 ,nulla autem e/ incorporalibus mat]ia rebus2 non pot]unt igitur 9 se inuicem p]mut>i4 ,s$ anima et deus incorporeae sub/antiae recte cr$untur2 non e/ igitur humana anima 9 diu9itatem a qua adsumpta e/ p]mutata4 ,quod si neque corpus neque anima 9 diu9itatem potuit u]ti1 nullo modo fi]i potuit1 ut humanitas conu]t]etur 9 deum4 ,multo m9us u]o cr$i pote/1 ut utraque 9 sese confund]5tur1 quoniam neque incorporalitas transire ad corpus pote/ neque rursus e conu]so corpus ad incorporalitatem1 qu&o quidem nulla 8 mat]ia subiecta communis e/ quae alt]utris sub/anti>um qualitatibus p]mutetur4 ,at hi ita aiunt ex duabus quidem naturis ,*ri/um consi/]e1 9 duabus u]o m9ime1 hoc scilicet int5d5tes1 quoniam quod ex duabus consi/it ita unum fi]i pote/1 ut illa ex quibus dicitur con/>e non maneant2 ueluti cum mel aquae confunditur neutrum manet1 s$ alt]um alt]ius copulatione corruptum quiddam t]tium fecit1 ita illud quidem quod ex melle atque aqua t]tium fit con/>e ex utrisque dicitur1 9 utrisque u]o negatur4 ,non enim pot]it 9 utrisque con/>e1 qu&o utrorumque natura non p]manet4 ,ex utrisque enim con/>e pote/1 licet ea ex quibus coniungitur alt]utra qualitate corrupta s9t2 9 utrisque u]o huiusmodi con/>e non pot]it1 quoniam ea quae 9 se transfusa sunt non man5t ac non sunt utraque 9 quibus con/>e uideatur1 cum ex utrisque con/et 9 se inuicem qualitatum mutatione transfusis4 ,ca?olici u]o utrumque rationabilit] confit5tur1 nam et ex utrisque naturis ,*ri/um et 9 utrisque consi/]e4 ,s$ id qua ratione dicatur1 paulo po/]ius explicabo4 ,nunc illud e/ manife/um conuictam esse ,euty*is s5t5tiam eo nom9e1 quod cum tribus modis fi]i possit1 ut ex duabus naturis una subsi/at1 ut aut diu9itas 9 humanitatem translata sit aut humanitas 9 diu9itatem aut utraque p]mixta s9t1 nullum horum modum fi]i potuisse sup]ius dicta argum5tatione decl>atur4 ,,vi4 ,i ?9k en\gh has be5 said on ! supposition t we %\ld believe t ! body :i* ,*ri/ receiv$ 0 n tak5 f ,m>y4 ,b if x 0 tak5 f ,m>y & ! human & div9e natures did n cont9ue1 ea* 9 its p]fection1 ?is may h happ5$ 9 "o ( ?ree ways4 ,ei!r ,godhead 0 translat$ into manhood1 or manhood into ,godhead1 or bo? 7 s modifi$ & m+l$ t nei!r sub/ance kept its prop] =m4 ,b if ,godhead 0 translat$ into manhood1 t has happ5$ :i* piety =bids u to believe1 viz4 :ile ! manhood cont9u$ 9 un*angeable sub/ance ,godhead 0 *ang$1 & t :i* 0 by nature passible & mutable rema9$ immutable1 :ile t :i* we believe to be by nature immutable & impassible 0 *ang$ into a mutable ?+4 ,?is _c happ5 on any %[ ( reason+4 ,b p]*ance ! human nature may seem to be *ang$ into ,godhead4 ,yet h[ c ?is be if ,godhead 9 ! conception ( ,*ri/ receiv$ bo? human s\l & body8 ,?+s _c be promiscu\sly *ang$ & int]*ang$4 ,= s9ce "s sub/ances are corporeal & o!rs incorporeal1 nei!r c a corporeal sub/ance be *ang$ into an incorporeal1 nor c an incorporeal be *ang$ into t :i* is body1 nor yet incorporeals int]*ange _! prop] =ms2 = only ^? ?+s c be int]*ang$ & trans=m$ :i* possess ! common sub/rate ( ! same matt]1 nor c all ( ^! s behave1 b only ^? :i* c act ^u & be act$ on by ea* o!r4 ,n[ ?is is prov$ z foll[s3 bronze c no m be conv]t$ into /one ?an x c be into grass1 & g5]ally no body c be trans=m$ into any o!r body unless ! ?+s :i* pass into ea* o!r h a common matt] & c act ^u & be act$ on by ea* o!r1 z :5 w9e & wat] are m+l$ bo? are ( su* a nature z to all[ reciprocal action & influ5ce4 ,= ! quality ( wat] c be influ5c$ 9 "s degree by t ( w9e1 simil>ly ! quality ( w9e c be influ5c$ by t ( wat]4 ,& !re=e if !re be a great deal ( wat] b v little w9e1 !y are n said to be m+l$1 b ! "o is ru9$ by ! quality ( ! o!r4 ,= if y p\r w9e into ! sea ! w9e is n m+l$ ) ! sea b is lo/ 9 ! sea1 simply because ! quality ( ! wat] ow+ to its bulk has be5 9 no way affect$ by ! quality ( ! w9e1 b r by its own bulk has *ang$ ! quality ( ! w9e into wat]4 ,b if ! natures :i* are capable ( reciprocal action & influ5ce are 9 mod]ate proportion & equal or only slightly unequal1 !y are really m+l$ & temp]$ by ! qualities :i* are 9 mod]ate relation to ea* o!r4 ,?is inde$ takes place 9 bodies b n 9 all bodies1 b only 9 ^?1 z has be5 said1 :i* are capable ( reciprocal action & influ5ce & h ! same matt] subject to _! qualities4 ,= all bodies :i* subsi/ 9 conditions ( bir? & decay seem to possess a common matt]1 b all bodies are n capable ( reciprocal action & influ5ce4 ,b corporeals _c 9 any way be *ang$ into incorporeals because !y d n %>e 9 any common und]ly+ matt] :i* c be *ang$ into ?is or t ?+ by tak+ on its qualities4 ,= ! nature ( no incorporeal sub/ance re/s ^u a mat]ial basis2 b !re is no body t has n matt] z a sub/rate4 ,s9ce ?is is s1 & s9ce n ev5 ^? ?+s :i* naturally h a common matt] c pass ov] into ea* o!r unless !y h ! p[] ( act+ on ea* o!r & be+ act$ ^u by ea* o!r1 f> m w ^? ?+s n suff] int]*ange :i* n only h no common matt] b are diff]5t 9 sub/ance1 s9ce "o ( !m1 be+ body1 re/s on a basis ( matt]1 :ile ! o!r1 be+ incorporeal1 _c possibly /& 9 ne$ ( a mat]ial sub/rate4 ,x is !re=e impossible = a body to be *ang$ into an incorporeal species1 nor w x ev] be possible = incorporeals to be *ang$ into ea* o!r by any process ( m+l+4 ,= ?+s :i* h no common matt] _c be *ang$ & conv]t$ "o into ano!r4 ,b incorporeal ?+s h no matt]2 !y c nev]1 !re=e1 be *ang$ ab\t among !mselves4 ,b ! s\l & ,god are rightly believ$ to be incorporeal sub/ances2 !re=e ! human s\l has n be5 conv]t$ into ! ,godhead by :i* x 0 assum$4 ,b if nei!r body nor s\l c be turn$ into ,godhead1 x c\ld n possibly happ5 t manhood %\ld be trans=m$ into ,god4 ,b x is mu* less cr$ible t ! two %\ld be conf\nd$ toge!r s9ce nei!r c incorporality pass ov] to body1 nor aga91 contr>iwise1 c body pass ov] into incorporality :5 ^! h no common matt] und]ly+ !m :i* c be conv]t$ by ! qualities ( "o ( two sub/ances4 ,b ! ,euty*ians say t ,*ri/ consi/s inde$ ( two natures1 b n 9 two natures1 mean+1 no d\bt1 !reby1 t a ?+ :i* consi/s ( two elem5ts c s f> become "o1 t ! elem5ts ( :i* x is said to be made up disappe>2 j z1 = example1 :5 honey is mix$ ) wat] nei!r rema9s1 b ! "o ?+ be+ spoilt by conjunction ) ! o!r produces a c]ta9 ?ird ?+1 s t ?ird ?+ :i* is produc$ by ! comb9ation ( honey & wat] is said to consi/ ( bo?1 b n 9 bo?4 ,= x c nev] consi/ 9 bo? s long z ! nature ( bo? does n cont9ue4 ,= x c consi/ ( bo? ev5 ?\gh ea* elem5t ( :i* x is comp\nd$ has be5 spoil$ by ! quality ( ! o!r2 b x c nev] consi/ 9 bo? natures ( ?is k9d s9ce ! elem5ts :i* h be5 transmut$ into ea* o!r d n cont9ue1 & bo? ! elem5ts 9 :i* x seems to consi/ cease to be1 s9ce x consi/s ( two ?+s translat$ into ea* o!r by *ange ( qualities4 ,b ,ca?olics 9 accordance ) reason confess bo?1 = !y say t ,*ri/ consi/s bo? ( & 9 two natures4 ,h[ ?is c be affirm$ ,i w expla9 a little lat]4 ,"o ?+ is n[ cle>2 ! op9ion ( ,euty*es has be5 confut$ on ! gr\nd t1 al?\gh !re are ?ree ways by :i* ! "o nature c subsi/ ( ! two1 viz4 ei!r ! translation ( div9ity into humanity or ( humanity into div9ity or ! comp\nd+ ( bo? toge!r1 ! =ego+ tra9 ( reason+ proves t no "o ( ! ?ree ways is a possibility4 ,,vii4 ,re/at ut1 quemadmodum ca?olica fides dicat1 et 9 utrisque naturis ,*ri/um et ex utrisque consi/]e doceamus4 ,ex utrisque naturis aliquid consi/]e duo significat3 unum quidem1 cum ita dicimus aliquid ex duabus naturis iungi sicut ex melle atque aqua1 id autem e/ ut ex quolibet modo confusis1 uel si una u]tatur 9 alt]am uel si utraeque 9 se inuicem misceantur1 nullo modo tam5 utraeque p]maneant2 secundum hunc modum ,euty*es ait ex utrisque naturis ,*ri/um consi/]e4 ,alt] u]o modus e/ ex utrisque consi/5di quod ita ex duabus iunctum e/1 ut illa tam5 ex quibus iunctum esse dicitur maneant nec 9 alt]utra u]tantur1 ut cum dicimus coronam ex auro gemmisque compositam4 ,hic neque aurum 9 gemmas translatum e/ neque 9 aurum gemma conu]sa1 s$ utraque p]man5t nec =mam propriam d]el9quunt4 ,talia ergo ex aliquibus con/antia et 9 8 con/>e dicimus ex quibus consi/]e pra$icantur4 ,tunc enim possumus dic]e coronam gemmis auroque consi/]e2 sunt enim gemmae atque aurum 9 quibus corona consi/at4 ,nam 9 priore modo non e/ mel atque aqua 9 quibus illud quod ex utrisque iungitur con/et4 ,cum igitur utrasque man]e naturas 9 ,*ri/o fides ca?olica confiteatur p]fectasque easdem p]si/]e nec alt]am 9 alt]am transmut>i1 iure dicit et 9 utrisque naturis ,*ri/um et ex utrisque consi/]e3 9 utrisque quidem1 quia man5t utraeque1 ex utrisque u]o1 quia utr>umque adunatione man5tium una p]sona fit ,*ri/i4 ,non autem secundum eam significationem ex utrisque naturis ,*ri/um iunctum esse fides ca?olica t5et1 secundum quam ,euty*es pronuntiat4 ,nam ille talem significationem coniunctionis ex utraque natura sumit1 ut non confiteatur 9 utrisque consi/]e1 neque enim utrasque man]e2 ca?olicus u]o eam significationem ex utrisque consi/5di sumit quae illi sit proxima eamque cons]uet quae 9 utrisque consi/]e confitetur4 ,aequiuocum igitur e/ ex utrisque consi/]e ac potius amphibolum et gem9a significatione diu]sa designans3 una quidem significatione non man]e sub/antias ex quibus illud quod copulatum e/ dicatur esse coniunctum1 alio modo significans ita ex utrisque coniunctum1 ut utraque p]maneant4 ,hoc igitur exp$ito aequiuocationis atque ambiguitatis nodo nihil e/ ultra quod possit opponi1 qu9 id sit quod firma u]aque fides ca?olica cont9et2 eundem ,*ri/um hom9em esse p]fectum1 eundem deum eundemque qui homo sit p]fectus atque deus unum esse deum ac dei filium1 nec quat]nitatem tr9itati ad/rui1 dum homo additur supra p]fectum deum1 s$ unam e&emque p]sonam num]um tr9itatis expl]e1 ut cum humanitas passa sit1 deus tam5 passus esse dicatur1 non quo ipsa deitas humanitas facta sit1 s$ quod a deitate fu]it adsumpta4 ,item qui homo e/1 dei filius appellatur non sub/antia diu9itatis s$ humanitatis1 quae tam5 diu9itati naturali unitate coniuncta e/4 ,et cum haec ita intelleg5tia disc]nantur p]misceanturque1 tam5 unus idemque et homo sit p]fectus et deus3 deus quidem1 quod ipse sit ex patris sub/antia g5itus1 homo u]o1 quod ex ,m>ia sit uirg9e procreatus4 ,itemque qui homo1 deus eo quod a deo fu]it adsumptus1 et qui deus1 homo1 quoniam ue/itus hom9e sit4 ,cumque 9 eadem p]sona aliud sit diu9itas quae suscepit1 aliud quam suscepit humanitas1 idem tam5 deus atque homo e/4 ,nam si hom9em intellegas1 idem homo e/ atque deus1 quoniam homo ex natura1 deus adsumptione4 ,si u]o deum intellegas1 idem deus e/ atque homo1 quoniam natura deus e/1 homo adsumptione4 ,fitque 9 eo gem9a natura gem9aque sub/antia1 quoniam homo- deus unaque p]sona1 quoniam idem homo atque deus4 ,m$iaque e/ haec int] duas ha]eses uia sicut uirtutes quoque m$ium t55t4 ,omnis enim uirtus 9 m$io r]um decore locata consi/it4 ,siquid enim uel ultra uel infra quam oportu]it fiat1 a uirtute disc$itur4 ,m$ietatem igitur uirtus t5et4 ,quocirca si quattuor haec neque ultra neque infra esse possunt1 ut 9 ,*ri/o aut duae naturae s9t duaeque p]sonae ut ,ne/orius ait1 aut una p]sona unaque natura ut ,euty*es ait1 aut duae naturae s$ una p]sona ut ca?olica fides cr$it1 aut una natura duaeque p]sonae1#gc cumque duas quidem naturas duasque p]sonas 9 ea quae contra ,ne/orium dicta e/ responsione conuic]imus 7unam u]o p]sonam unamque naturam esse non posse ,euty*e propon5te mon/rauimus neque tam5 tam am5s quisquam huc usque ex/itit1 ut unam 9 eo naturam cr$]et s$ gem9as esse p]sonas71 re/at ut ea sit u]a quam fides ca?olica pronuntiat gem9am sub/antiam s$ unam esse p]sonam4 ,quia u]o paulo ante diximus ,euty*5 confit]i duas quidem 9 ,*ri/o ante adunationem naturas1 unam u]o po/ adunationem1 cumque hunc errorem duplicem int]pret>emur cel>e s5t5tiam1 ut haec adunatio aut g5]atione fi]et1 cum ex ,m>ia corpus hom9is m9ime sum]etur aut ad sumptum#gd quidem ex ,m>ia p] resurrectionem fi]et adunatio1 de utrisque quidem p>tibus idonee ut arbitror disputatum e/4 ,nunc qua]5dum e/ quomodo fi]i potu]it ut duae naturae 9 unam sub/antiam misc]5tur4 #gc quod nullus ha]eticus adhuc attigit addunt codices quidam4 #gd sumptum codd42 adsumptum preli diabolus1 ad sumptum nos4 ,,vii4 ,x rema9s = u to %[ h[ 9 accordance ) ! affirmation ( ,ca?olic belief ,*ri/ consi/s at once 9 & ( bo? natures4 ,! /atem5t t a ?+ consi/s ( two natures be>s two mean+s2 "o1 :5 we say t any?+ is a union ( two natures1 z e4g4 honey & wat]1 :]e ! union is su* t 9 ! comb9ation1 h[ev] ! elem5ts be conf\nd$1 :e!r by "o nature *ang+ into ! o!r1 or by bo? m+l+ ) ea* o!r1 ! two entirely disappe>4 ,?is is ! way 9 :i* accord+ to ,euty*es ,*ri/ consi/s ( two natures4 ,! o!r way 9 :i* a ?+ c consi/ ( two natures is :5 x is s comb9$ ( two t ! elem5ts ( :i* x is said to be comb9$ cont9ue )\t *ang+ into ea* o!r1 z :5 we say t a cr[n is compos$ ( gold & gems4 ,"h nei!r is ! gold conv]t$ into gems nor is ! gem turn$ into gold1 b bo? cont9ue )\t surr5d]+ _! prop] =m4 ,?+s !n l ?is1 compos$ ( v>i\s elem5ts1 we say consi/ also 9 ! elem5ts ( :i* !y are compos$4 ,= 9 ?is case we c say t a cr[n is compos$ ( gems & gold1 = gems & gold are t 9 :i* ! cr[n consi/s4 ,= 9 ! =m] mode ( composition honey & wat] is n t 9 :i* ! result+ union ( bo? consi/s4 ,s9ce !n ! ,ca?olic ,fai? confesses t bo? natures cont9ue 9 ,*ri/ & t !y bo? rema9 p]fect1 nei!r be+ trans=m$ into ! o!r1 x says ) "r t ,*ri/ consi/s bo? 9 & ( ! two natures2 9 ! two because bo? cont9ue1 ( ! two because ! ,"o ,p]son ( ,*ri/ is =m$ by ! union ( ! two cont9u+ natures4 ,b ! ,ca?olic ,fai? does n hold ! union ( ,*ri/ out ( two natures accord+ to t s5se :i* ,euty*es puts ^u x4 ,= ! int]pretation ( ! conjunction out ( two natures :i* he adopts =bids him to confess consi/5ce 9 two or ! cont9uance ( ! two ei!r2 b ! ,ca?olic adopts an int]pretation ( ! consi/5ce out ( two :i* comes ne> to t ( ,euty*es1 yet keeps ! int]pretation :i* confesses consi/5ce 9 two4 ,to consi/ ( two natures is !re=e an equivocal or r a d\btful t]m ( d\ble mean+ d5ot+ diff]5t ?+s2 accord+ to "o ( its int]pretations ! sub/ances out ( :i* ! union is said to h be5 compos$ d n cont9ue1 accord+ to ano!r ! union effect$ ( ! two is su* t bo? natures cont9ue4 ,:5 once ?is knot ( d\bt or ambiguity has be5 unti$1 no?+ fur!r c be advanc$ to %ake ! true & solid cont5t ( ! ,ca?olic ,fai?1 :i* is t ! same ,*ri/ is p]fect man & ,god1 & t ,he :o is p]fect man & ,god is ,"o ,god & ,son ( ,man1 t1 h[ev]1 quat]nity is n add$ to ! ,tr9ity by ! addition ( human nature to p]fect ,godhead1 b t "o & ! same ,p]son completes ! numb] ( ! ,tr9ity1 s t1 al?\gh x 0 ! manhood :i* suff]$1 yet ,god c be said to h suff]$1 n by manhood becom+ ,godhead b by manhood be+ assum$ by ,godhead4 ,fur!r1 ,he :o is man is call$ ,son ( ,god n 9 virtue ( div9e b ( human sub/ance1 :i* latt] none ! less 0 conjo9$ to ,godhead 9 a unity ( natures4 ,& al?\gh ?\ght is able to di/+ui% & comb9e ! manhood & ! ,godhead1 yet "o & ! same is p]fect man & ,god1 ,god because ,he 0 begott5 ( ! sub/ance ( ! ,fa!r1 b man because ,he 0 eng5d]$ ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y4 ,& fur!r ,he :o is man is ,god 9 t manhood 0 assum$ by ,god1 & ,he :o is ,god is man 9 t ,god 0 clo!d ) manhood4 ,& al?\gh 9 ! same ,p]son ! ,godhead :i* took manhood is diff]5t f ! manhood :i* ,x took1 yet ! same is ,god & man4 ,= if y ?9k ( man1 ! same is man & ,god1 be+ man by nature1 ,god by assumption4 ,b if y ?9k ( ,god1 ! same is ,god & man1 be+ ,god by nature1 man by assumption4 ,& 9 ,him nature becomes d\ble & sub/ance d\ble because ,he is ,god- man1 & ,"o ,p]son s9ce ! same is man & ,god4 ,?is is ! middle way betwe5 two h]esies1 j z virtues also hold a middle place4#ge ,= e virtue has a place ( hon\r midway betwe5 extremes4 ,= if x /&s beyond or bel[ :]e x %\ld x ceases to be virtue4 ,& s virtue holds a middle place4 ,:]e=e if ! foll[+ f\r ass]tions c be said to be nei!r beyond or bel[ reason1 viz4 t 9 ,*ri/ are ei!r two ,natures & two ,p]sons z ,ne/orius says1 or "o ,p]son & "o ,nature z ,euty*es says1 or two ,natures b "o ,p]son z ! ,ca?olic ,fai? believes1 or "o ,nature & two ,p]sons1 & inasmu* z we h refut$ ! doctr9e ( two ,natures & two ,p]sons 9 our argum5t aga9/ ,ne/orius & incid5tally h %[n t ! "o ,p]son & "o ,nature sugge/$ by ,euty*es is impossible--s9ce !re has nev] be5 anyone s mad z to believe t ,8 ,nature 0 s+le b ,8 ,p]son d\ble--x rema9s t ! article ( belief mu/ be true :i* ! ,ca?olic ,fai? affirms1 viz4 t ! ,nature is d\ble1 b ! ,p]son "o4 ,b z ,i h j n[ rem>k$ t ,euty*es confesses two ,natures 9 ,*ri/ be=e ! union1 b only "o aft] ! union1 & s9ce ,i prov$ t "u ?is error lurk$ two opposite op9ions1 "o1 t ! union 0 br\ght ab\t by conception al?\gh ! human body 0 c]ta9ly n tak5 f ,m>y2 ! o!r1 t ! body tak5 f ,m>y =m$ "p ( ! union by means ( ! ,resurrection1 ,i h1 x seems to me1 argu$ ! tw(old aspect ( ! case z completely z x des]ves4 ,:at we h n[ to inquire is h[ x came to pass t two ,natures 7 comb9$ into "o ,sub/ance4 #ge ,vide supra1 p4 #ajj note4 ,,viii4 ,v]umtam5 e/ etiam nunc et alia quae/io quae ab 8 inf]ri pote/ qui corpus humanum ex ,m>ia sumptum esse non cr$unt1 s$ alias fuisse seque/ratum praep>atumque quod 9 adunatione ex ,m>iae ut]o gigni ac pr(]ri uid]etur4 ,aiunt enim3 si ex hom9e sumptum e/ corpus1 homo u]o omnis ex prima praeu>icatione non solum peccato et morte t5ebatur1 u]um etiam affectibus peccatorum erat implicitus1 eaque illi fuit po5a peccati1 ut1 cum morte t5]etur ob/rictus1 tam5 esset reus etiam uoluntate pecc&i1 cur 9 ,*ri/o neque peccatum fuit neque uoluntas ulla pecc&i8 ,et omn9o habet animadu]t5dam dubitationem talis quae/io4 ,si enim ex c>ne humana ,*ri/i corpus adsumptum e/1 dubit>i pote/1 qua5am c>o haec quae adsumpta sit esse uideatur4 ,eum quippe saluauit quem etiam adsumpsit2 s9 u]o talem hom9em adsumpsit qualis ,adam fuit ante peccatum1 integram quidem uidetur humanam adsumpsisse naturam1 s$ tam5 quae m$ic9a p5itus non egebat4 ,quomodo autem fi]i pote/1 ut talem adsumps]it hom9em qualis ,adam fuit1 cum 9 ,adam potu]it esse pecc&i uoluntas atque affectio1 unde factum e/ ut etiam praet]gressis diu9is praeceptis inobo$i5tiae delictis t5]etur ad/rictus8 ,9 ,*ri/o u]o ne uoluntas quidem ulla cr$itur fuisse pecc&i1 cum praes]tim si tale corpus hom9is adsumpsit quale ,adae ante peccatum fuit1 non debu]it esse mortalis1 quoniam ,adam1 si non peccasset1 mortem nulla ratione s5sisset4 ,cum igitur ,*ri/us non peccau]it1 qua]5dum e/ cur s5s]it mortem1 si ,adae corpus ante quam pecc>et adsumpsit4 ,quod si talem /atum suscepit hom9is qualis ,adae po/ peccatum fuit1 uidetur etiam ,*ri/o non defuisse necessitas1 ut et delictis subic]etur et passionibus confund]etur obductisque iudicii regulis bonum a malo non s9c]a integritate disc]n]et1 quoniam has omnes po5as ,adam delicti praeu>icatione suscepit4 ,contra quos respond5dum e/ tres intellegi hom9um posse /atus3 unum quidem ,adae ante delictum 9 quo1 tametsi ab eo mors ab]at nec adhuc ullo se delicto pollu]at1 pot]at tam5 9 eo uoluntas esse pecc&i3 alt] 9 quo mut>i potuisset1 si firmit] 9 dei praeceptis man]e uoluisset1 tunc enim id add5dum =et ut non modo non pecc>et aut pecc>e uellet s$ ne posset quidem aut pecc>e aut uelle del9qu]e4 ,t]tius /atus e/ po/ delictum 9 quo mors illum necess>io subsecuta e/ et peccatum ipsum uoluntasque peccati4 ,quorum summitatum atque contr>iorum haec loca sunt3 is /atus qui praemium esset1 si 9 praeceptis dei ,adam man]e uoluisset et is qui po5ae fuit1 quoniam man]e noluit2 9 illo enim nec mors esset nec peccatum nec uoluntas ulla peccati1 9 hoc u]o et mors et peccatum et del9qu5di omnis affectio omniaque 9 p]niciem prona nec quicquam 9 se opis hab5tia1 ut po/ lapsum posset adsurg]e4 ,ille u]o m$ius /atus 9 quo praes5tia quidem mortis uel peccati ab]at1 pote/as u]o utriusque con/abat1 int] utrumque /atum e/ conlocatus4 ,ex 8 igitur tribus /atibus ,*ri/us corporeae naturae s+ulas quodam modo indidit causas2 nam quod mortale corpus adsumpsit ut mortem a g5]e humano fug>et1 9 eo /atu pon5dum e/ quod po/ ,adae praeu>icationem po5alit] inflictum e/4 ,quod u]o non fuit 9 eo uoluntas ulla peccati1 ex eo sumptum e/ /atu qui esse potuisset1 nisi uoluntatem insidiantis fraudibus applicasset4 ,re/at igitur t]tius /atus id e/ m$ius1 ille scilicet qui eo tempore fuit1 cum nec mors ad]at et adesse pot]at del9qu5di uoluntas4 ,9 hoc igitur ,adam talis fuit ut m&uc>et ac bib]et1 ut accepta dig]]et1 ut lab]etur 9 somnum et alia quae ei non defu]unt humana quidem s$ concessa et quae nullam po5am mortis inf]r5t4 ,quae omnia habuisse ,*ri/um dubium non e/2 nam et m&ucauit et bibit et humani corporis (ficio functus e/4 ,neque enim tanta indig5tia 9 ,adam fuisse cr$5da e/ ut nisi m&ucasset uiu]e non potuisset1 s$1 si ex omni quidem ligno escam sum]et1 semp] uiu]e potuisset hisque non mori2 idcirco p>adisi fructibus indig5tiam explebat4 ,quam indig5tiam fuisse 9 ,*ri/o nullus ignorat1 s$ pote/ate non necessitate2 et ipsa indig5tia ante resurrectionem 9 eo fuit1 po/ resurrectionem u]o talis ex/itit ut ita illud corpus inmut>etur humanum1 sicut ,adae praet] praeu>icationis u9culum mut>i potuisset4 ,quodque nos ipse dom9us ,iesus ,*ri/us uotis docuit opt>e1 ut fiat uoluntas eius sicut 9 caelo et 9 t]ra et ut adu5iat eius regnum et nos lib]et a malo4 ,haec enim omnia illa beatissima humani g5]is fidelit] cr$5tium inmutatio deprecatur4 ,haec sunt quae ad te de fidei meae cr$ulitate scripsi4 ,qua 9 re si quid p]p]am dictum e/1 non ita sum amator mei1 ut ea quae semel effud]im meliori s5t5tiae antef]re cont5dam4 ,si enim nihil e/ ex nobis boni1 nihil e/ quod 9 no/ris s5t5tiis am>e debeamus4 ,quod si ex illo cuncta sunt bona qui solus e/ bonus1 illud potius bonum esse cr$5dum e/ quod illa incommutabilis bonitas atque omnium bonorum causa p]scribit4 ,,viii4 ,nev]!less !re rema9s yet ano!r "q :i* c be advanc$ by ^? :o d n believe t ! human body 0 tak5 f ,m>y1 b t ! body 0 9 "s o!r way set ap>t & prep>$1 :i* 9 ! mom5t ( union appe>$ to be conceiv$ & born ( ,m>y's womb4 ,= !y say3 if ! body 0 tak5 f man :ile e man 01 f ! "t ( ! fir/ disob$i5ce1 n only enslav$ by s9 & dea? b also involv$ 9 s9ful desires1 & if 8 puni%m5t = s9 0 t1 al?\gh he 0 held 9 *a9s ( dea?1 yet at ! same "t he %\ld be guilty because ( ! w to s91 :y 0 !re 9 ,*ri/ nei!r s9 nor any w to s98 ,& c]ta9ly su* a "q is att5d$ by a difficulty :i* des]ves att5tion4 ,= if ! body ( ,*ri/ 0 assum$ f human fle%1 x is op5 to d\bt ( :at k9d we mu/ consid] t fle% to be :i* 0 assum$4 ,9 tru?1 ! manhood :i* ,he assum$ ,he likewise sav$2 b if ,he assum$ su* manhood z ,adam _h be=e s91 ,he appe>s to h assum$ a human nature complete inde$1 b "o :i* 0 9 no ne$ ( heal+4 ,b h[ c x be t ,he assum$ su* manhood z ,adam _h :5 !re c\ld be 9 ,adam bo? ! w & ! desire to s91 :5ce x came to pass t ev5 aft] ! div9e comm&s _h be5 brok51 he 0 /ill held captive to s9s ( disob$i5ce8 ,b we believe t 9 ,*ri/ !re 0 nev] any w to s91 because especially if ,he assum$ su* a human body z ,adam _h be=e 8 s91 ,he c\ld n be mortal1 s9ce ,adam1 _h he n s9n$1 w\ld 9 no wise h suff]$ dea?4 ,s9ce1 !n1 ,*ri/ nev] s9n$1 x mu/ be ask$ :y ,he suff]$ dea? if ,he assum$ ! body ( ,adam be=e s94 ,b if ,he accept$ human conditions su* z ,adam's 7 aft] s91 x seems t ,*ri/ c\ld n avoid be+ subject to s91 p]plex$ by passions1 &1 s9ce ! canons ( judgm5t 7 obscur$1 prev5t$ f di/+ui%+ ) uncl\d$ reason betwe5 good & evil1 s9ce ,adam by 8 disob$i5ce incurr$ all ^! p5alties ( crime4 ,to :om we mu/ reply#gf t !re are ?ree /ates ( man to envisage3 "o1 t ( ,adam be=e 8 s91 9 :i*1 ?\gh free f dea? & /ill un/a9$ by any s91 he c\ld yet h )9 him ! w to s92 ! second1 t 9 :i* he might h suff]$ *ange _h he *os5 to abide /eadfa/ly 9 ! comm&s ( ,god1 = !n x c\ld h be5 fur!r grant$ him n only n to s9 or wi% to s91 b to be incapable ( s9n+ or ( ! w to transgress4 ,! ?ird /ate is ! /ate aft] s91 into :i* man ne$s mu/ be pursu$ by dea? & s9 & ! s9ful w4 ,n[ ! po9ts ( extreme div]g5ce betwe5 ^! /ates are ! foll[+3 "o /ate w\ld h be5 = ,adam a rew>d if he _h *os5 to abide 9 ,god's laws2 ! o!r 0 8 puni%m5t because he w\ld n abide 9 !m2 = 9 ! =m] /ate !re w\ld h be5 no dea? nor s9 nor s9ful w1 9 ! latt] !re 0 bo? dea? & s9 & e desire to transgress1 & a g5]al t5d5cy to ru9 & a condition helpless to r5d] possible a rise aft] ! ,fall4 ,b t middle /ate f :i* actual dea? or s9 0 abs5t1 b ! p[] = bo? rema9$1 is situate betwe5 ! o!r two4 ,ea* "o1 !n1 ( ^! ?ree /ates someh[ suppli$ to ,*ri/ a cause = 8 corporeal nature2 ?us ,8 assumption ( a mortal body 9 ord] to drive dea? f> f ! human race belongs prop]ly to t /ate :i* 0 laid on man by way ( puni%m5t aft] ,adam's s91 :]eas ! fact t !re 0 9 ,*ri/ no s9ful w is borr[$ f t /ate :i* might h be5 if ,adam _h n surr5d]$ 8 w to ! frauds ( ! tempt]4 ,!re rema9s1 !n1 ! ?ird or middle /ate1 to wit1 t :i* 0 be=e dea? _h come & :ile ! w to s9 might yet be pres5t4 ,9 ?is /ate1 !re=e1 ,adam 0 able to eat & dr9k1 dige/ ! food he took1 fall asleep1 & p]=m all ! o!r functions :i* always belong$ to him z man1 ?\gh !y 7 all[$ & br\ght ) !m no pa9 ( dea?4 ,!re is no d\bt t ,*ri/ 0 9 all po9ts ?us condition$2 = ,he ate & drank & dis*>g$ ! bodily function ( ! human body4 ,= we mu/ n ?9k t ,adam 0 at ! fir/ subject to su* ne$ t unless he ate he c\ld n h liv$1 b r t1 if he _h tak5 food f e tree1 he c\ld h liv$ = ev]1 & by t food h escap$ dea?2 & s by ! fruits ( ! ,g>d5 he satisfi$ a ne$4#gg ,& all "k t 9 ,*ri/ ! same ne$ dwelt1 b ly+ 9 ,8 own p[] & n laid ^u ,him4 ,& ?is ne$ 0 9 ,him be=e ! ,resurrection1 b aft] ! ,resurrection ,he became su* t ,8 human body 0 *ang$ z ,adam's might h be5 b = ! b&s ( disob$i5ce4 ,:i* /ate1 moreov]1 our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/ ,himself taught u to desire 9 our pray]s1 ask+ t ,8 ,w be done z 9 heav5 s on e>?1 & t ,8 ,k+dom come1 & t ,he may deliv] u f evil4 ,= all ^! ?+s are s\ght 9 pray] by ^? memb]s ( ! human family :o rightly believe & :o are de/9$ to und]go t mo/ bless$ *ange ( all4#gh ,s mu* h ,i writt5 to y conc]n+ :at ,i believe %\ld be believ$4 ,9 :i* matt] if ,i h said aught amiss1 ,i am n s well pleas$ ) myself z to try to press my effusions 9 ! face ( wis] judgm5t4 ,= if !re is no good ?+ 9 u !re is no?+ we %\ld fancy 9 our op9ions4 ,b if all ?+s are good z com+ f ,him :o alone is good1 t r mu/ be ?\ght good :i* ! ,un*angeable ,good & ,cause ( all ,good indites4 #gf ,?is respond5dum has ! true ,?omi/ r+4 #gg ,adam did n ne$ to eat 9 ord] to live1 b if he _h n eat5 he w\ld h suff]$ hung]1 etc4 #gh ,! :ole ( ?is passage might be set 9 ,tr4 iv4 )\t alt]+ ! tone4 ,,anicii ,,manlii ,,sev]9i ,,boe?ii ,v4,c4 ,,et ,,inl4 ,,excons4 ,,ord4 ,,ex ,,mag4 ,,(f4 ,,patricii ,,philosophiae ,,consolationis ,,lib] ,i4 ,i4 ,c>m9a qui quondam /udio flor5te p]egi1 ,flebilis heu mae/os cogor inire modos4 ,ecce mihi lac]ae dictant scrib5da ,cam5ae ,et u]is elegi fletibus ora rigant4 ,has saltem nullus potuit p]u9c]e t]ror1 #e ,ne no/rum comites prosequ]5tur it]4 ,gloria felicis olim uiridisque iuu5tae ,solantur mae/i nunc mea fata s5is4 ,v5it enim prop]ata malis inop9a s5ectus ,et dolor aetatem iussit inesse suam4 #aj ,intempe/iui funduntur u]tice cani ,et tremit effeto corpore laxa cutis4 ,mors hom9um felix quae se nec dulcibus annis ,ins]it et mae/is saepe uocata u5it4 ,eheu quam surda mis]os au]titur aure #ae ,et fl5tes oculos claud]e saeua negat4 ,dum leuibus male fida bonis =tuna fau]et1 ,pa5e caput tri/is m]s]at hora meum4 ,nunc quia fallacem mutauit nubila uultum1 ,protrahit +ratas impia uita moras4 #bj ,quid me felicem toti5s iacta/is amici8 ,qui cecidit1 /abili non erat ille gradu4 ,,! ,,fir/ ,,book ,,( ,,boe?ius ,,conta9+ ,,8 ,,compla9t ,,& ,,mis]ies ,i4 ,i t ) y\?ful heat did v]ses write1 ,mu/ n[ my woes 9 doleful tunes indite4 ,my "w is fram$ by ,muses torn & rude1 ,& my sad *eeks are ) true te>s b$ew$3 ,= ^! alone no t]ror c\ld affray ,f be+ p>tn]s ( my we>y way4 ,! art t 0 my "y life's joy & glory ,becomes my solace n[ ,i'm old & sorry2 ,sorr[ has fil*$ my y\? f me1 ! ?ief6 ,my days are numb]$ n by "t b ,grief4#gi ,untimely ho>y hairs cov] my head1 ,& my loose sk9 quakes on my fle% half dead4 ,o happy dea?1 t sp>e? sweete/ ye>s1 ,& comes 9 sorr[ (t5 call$ ) te>s4 ,alas1 h[ deaf is he to wret*'s cries2 ,& loa? he is to close up weep+ eyes2 ,:ile tru/less *ance me ) va9 fav\rs cr[n$1 ,t sadde/ h\r my life _h almo/ dr[n$3 ,n[ %e ha? cl\d$ h] deceitful face1 ,my spiteful days prolong _! we>y race4 ,my fri5ds1 :y did y c\nt me =tunate8 ,he t is fall51 ne'er /ood 9 settl$ /ate4 #gi ,lit]ally ,= ,old ,age1 unlook$ =1 sp$ by evils1 has come1 & ,grief has bidd5 h] ye>s lie on me4 ,i4 ,haec dum mecum tacitus ipse reput>em qu]imoniamque lacrimabilem /ili (ficio sign>em1 ad/itisse mihi supra u]ticem uisa e/ muli] reu]5di admodum uultus1 oculis ard5tibus et ultra communem hom9um ual5tiam p]spicacibus colore uiuido atque inexhau/i uigoris1 quamuis ita aeui pl5a =et ut nullo modo no/rae cr$]etur aetatis1 /atura discretionis ambiguae4 ,nam nunc quidem ad communem sese hom9um m5suram cohibebat1 nunc u]o puls>e caelum summi u]ticis cacum9e uidebatur2 quae cum altius caput extulisset1 ipsum etiam caelum p5etrabat respici5tiumque hom9um fru/rabatur intuitum4 ,ve/es erant t5uissimis filis subtili artificio1 indissolubili mat]ia p]fectae quas1 uti po/ eadem prod5te cogn\i1 suis manibus ipsa texu]at4 ,qu>um speciem1 ueluti fumosas imag9es solet1 caligo qua$am neglectae uetu/atis obdux]at4 ,h>um 9 extrema m>g9e ,greek3 ,,pi ,graecum1 9 supremo u]o ,greek3 ,,!ta1 legebatur intextum4 ,atque int] utrasque litt]as 9 scal>um modum gradus quidam insigniti uidebantur quibus ab inf]iore ad sup]ius elem5tum esset asc5sus4 ,e&em tam5 ue/em uiol5torum quorundam scid]ant manus et p>ticulas quas quisque potuit ab/ul]ant4 ,et dext]a quidem eius libellos1 sceptrum u]o s9i/ra ge/abat4 ,quae ubi poeticas ,musas uidit no/ro adsi/5tes toro fletibusque meis u]ba dictantes1 commota paulisp] ac toruis inflammata lum9ibus3 ,quis1 inquit1 has sc5icas m]etriculas ad hunc aegrum p]misit acc$]e quae dolores eius non modo nullis rem$iis f\]5t1 u]um dulcibus insup] al]5t u55is8 ,hae sunt enim quae infructuosis affectuum sp9is ub]em fructibus rationis segetem necant hom9umque m5tes assuefaciunt morbo1 non lib]ant4 ,at si quem pr(anum1 uti uulgo solitum uobis1 bl&itiae ue/rae detrah]5t1 m9us mole/e f]5dum put>em2 nihil quippe 9 eo no/rae op]ae la$]5tur4 ,hunc u]o ,eleaticis atque ,academicis /udiis innutritum8 ,s$ abite potius ,sir5es usque 9 exitium dulces meisque eum ,musis cur&um san&umque rel9quite4 ,8 ille *orus increpitus deiecit humi mae/ior uultum confessusque rubore u]ecundiam lim5 tri/is excessit4 ,at ego cuius acies lacrimis m]sa calig>et nec d9osc]e possem1 qua5am haec esset muli] tam imp]iosae auctoritatis1 ob/ipui uisuque 9 t]ram defixo quidnam de9ceps esset actura1 exspect>e tacitus coepi4 ,tum illa propius acc$5s 9 extrema lectuli mei p>te cons$it meumque intu5s uultum luctu grauem atque 9 humum ma]ore deiectum 8 u]sibus de no/rae m5tis p]turbatione conque/a e/4 ,i4 ,:ile ,i rum9at$ ^! ?+s ) myself1 & det]m9$ to set =? my w(ul compla9t 9 writ+1 me?\ght ,i saw a woman /& above my head1 hav+ a grave c\nt5ance1 gli/5+ cle> eye1 & ( quick] sight ?an commonly ,nature do? af=d2 h] col\r fre% & bespeak+ unabat$ vig\r1 & yet discov]+ s _m ye>s1 t %e c\ld n at all be ?\ght to belong to our times2 h] /ature unc]ta9 & d\btful1 = sometime %e exce$$ n ! common height ( m51 & sometime %e seem$ to t\* ! heav5s ) h] head1 & if %e lift$ x up to ! highe/1 %e pi]c$ ! v heav5s1 s t %e c\ld n be se5 by ! behold]s2 h] g>m5ts 7 made ( mo/ f9e ?reads ) cunn+ workman%ip into an ev]-dur+ /uff1 :i* 7z ,i knew aft]w>d by h] own report7 %e _h wov5 ) h] own h&s4 ,a c]ta9 duski%ness caus$ by neglig5ce & "t _h d>k5$ _! col\r1 z x is wont to happ5 :5 pictures /& 9 a smoky room4 ,9 ! l[] "p ( !m 0 plac$ ! ,greek lett] ,greek3 ,,pi1 & 9 ! upp] ,greek3 ,,!ta1#hj & betwixt ! two lett]s1 9 ! mann] ( /airs1 !re 7 c]ta9 degrees made1 by :i* !re 0 a passage f ! l[] to ! high] lett]3 ?is h] g>m5t _h be5 cut by ! viol5ce ( "s1 :o _h tak5 away su* pieces z !y c\ld get4 ,9 h] "r h& %e _h c]ta9 books1 & 9 h] left h& %e held a sceptre4 ,?is woman1 see+ ! poetical ,muses /&+ ab\t my b$1 & sugge/+ words to my te>s1 be+ mov$ = a little space1 & inflam$ ) angry looks3 ,:o1 sai? %e1 ha? p]mitt$ ^! tragical h>lots to h access to ?is sick man1 :i* w n only n com=t 8 grief ) :olesome rem$ies1 b also n\ri% !m ) sug>$ poison8 ,= ^! be !y :i* ) ! fruitless ?orns ( affections d kill ! fruitful crop ( reason1 & d accu/om m5's m9ds to sickness1 in/ead ( cur+ !m4 ,b if y\r flatt]y did deprive u ( "s pr(ane fell[1#ha z commonly x happ5e?1 ,i %\ld ?9k t x 7 n s griev\sly to be tak51 = 9 him our lab\rs %\ld receive no h>m4 ,b n[ h y laid hold ( him :o ha? be5 br\ght up 9 ,eleatical & ,academical /udies8#hb ,r get y gone1 y ,sir5s pleasant ev5 to de/ruction1 & leave him to my ,muses to be cur$ & heal$4 ,t company be+ ?us *eck$1 ov]come ) grief1 ca/+ _! eyes ^u ! gr\nd1 & betray+ _! ba%fulness ) blu%+1 w5t sadly away4 ,b ,i1 ^: sight 0 dimm$ ) te>s1 s t ,i c\ld n disc]n :at ?is woman might be1 s imp]i\s1 & ( su* au?ority1 0 a/oni%$1 &1 fix+ my c\nt5ance ^u ! e>?1 began to expect ) sil5ce :at %e w\ld d aft]w>d4 ,!n %e com+ nigh]1 sat d[n at my b$'s feet1 & behold+ my c\nt5ance sad ) m\rn+1 & ca/ ^u ! gr\nd ) grief1 compla9$ ( ! p]turbation ( my m9d ) ^! v]ses4 #hj ,cf4 e/ enim philosophia g5us1 species u]o eius duae1 una quae ,greek3 !oraetikae dicitur1 alt]a quae ,greek3 praktikae1 id e/ speculatiua et actiua4 ,boe?4 ,9 ,porph4 ,dial4 i4 #ha ,?is scorn ( ! pr(anum vulgus appe>s aga9 & aga9 9 ! !ological tractates1 e4g4 ,tr4 iii4 7supra1 p4 #d71 ,tr4 v4 7supra1 p4 #gd74 #hb ,z5o ( ,elea inv5t$ ,dialectic3 ,plato 0 ! fir/ to lecture on philosophy 9 ! gymnasium ( ! ,academia4 ,,ii4 ,heu quam praecipiti m]sa pr(undo ,m5s hebet et propria luce relicta ,t5dit 9 ext]nas ire t5ebras1 ,t]r5is quoti5s flatibus aucta ,crescit 9 inm5sum noxia cura4 #e ,hic quondam caelo lib] ap]to ,suetus 9 ae!rios ire meatus ,c]nebat rosei lum9a solis1 ,visebat gelidae sid]a lunae ,et quaecumque uagos /ella recursus #aj ,ex]cet u>ios flexa p] orbes1 ,compr5sam num]is uictor habebat4 ,qu9 etiam causas unde sonora ,flam9a sollicit5t aequora ponti1 ,quis uoluat /abilem spiritus orbem #ae ,vel cur hesp]ias sidus 9 undas ,casurum rutilo surgat ab ortu1 ,quid u]is placidas temp]et horas1 ,vt t]ram roseis floribus ornet1 ,quis d$it ut pl5o f]tilis anno #bj ,autumnus grauidis influat uuis ,rim>i solitus atque lat5tis ,naturae u>ias r$d]e causas1 ,nunc iacet effeto lum9e m5tis ,et pressus grauibus colla cat5is #be ,decliuemque g]5s pond]e uultum ,cogitur1 heu1 /olidam c]n]e t]ram4 ,,ii4 ,alas1 h[ ?y dull m9d is headlong ca/ ,9 dep?s ( woe1 :]e1 all h] light once lo/1 ,%e do? to walk 9 utt] d>kness ha/e1 ,:ile c>es gr[ great ) e>?ly tempe/s to/4 ,he t ?r\gh ! op5$ heav5s did freely run1 ,& us$ to travel ! cele/ial ways1 ,m>k+ ! rosy spl5d\r ( ! sun1 ,& not+ ,cyn?ia's cold & wat]y rays2 ,he t did bravely compreh5d 9 v]se ,! diff]5t sph]es & w&]+ c\rse ( />s1 ,he t 0 wont ! causes to rehe>se ,:y s\nd+ w9ds d ) ! seas make w>s1 ,:at _s moves ! _w's well-settl$ frame1 ,& :y ! sun1 :om =? ! ea/ do? br+1 ,9 we/]n waves do? hide 8 fall+ flame1 ,se>*+ :at p[] temp]s ! pleas+ ,spr+ ,:i* makes ! e>? h] rosy fl[]s to be>1 ,^: gift x is t ,autumn's fruitful season ,%\ld ) full grapes fl[ 9 a pl5te\s ye>1 ,tell+ ( secret ,nature e reason1 ,n[ hav+ lo/ ! beauty ( 8 m9d ,lies ) 8 neck compass$ 9 pond]\s *a9s2 ,8 c\nt5ance ) heavy weight decl9$1 ,him to behold ! sull5 e>? con/ra9s4 ,,ii4 ,s$ m$ic9ae1 inquit1 tempus e/ quam qu]elae4 ,tum u]o totis 9 me int5ta lum9ibus3 ,tune ille es1 ait1 qui no/ro quondam lacte nutritus no/ris educatus alim5tis 9 uirilis animi robur euas]as8 ,atqui talia contul]amus arma quae nisi prior abiecisses1 inuicta te firmitate tu]5tur4 ,agnoscisne me8 ,quid taces8 ,pudore an /upore silui/i8 ,mallem pudore1 s$ te1 ut uideo1 /upor oppressit4 ,cumque me non modo tacitum s$ el+uem prorsus mutumque uidisset1 adm\it pectori meo l5it] manum et3 ,nihil1 inquit1 p]icli e/2 le?>gum patitur communem inlus>um m5tium morbum4 ,sui paulisp] oblitus e/2 recordabitur facile1 si quidem nos ante cogn\]it4 ,quod ut possit1 paulisp] lum9a eius mortalium r]um nube caligantia t]gamus4 ,haec dixit oculosque meos fletibus undantes contracta 9 rugam ue/e siccauit4 ,,ii4 ,b x is r "t1 sai? %e1 to apply rem$ies1 ?an to make compla9ts4 ,& !n look+ wi/fully ^u me3 ,art ?\ he1 sai? %e1 :i*1 be+ long s9ce nurs$ ) our milk1 & br\ght up ) our n\ri%m5ts1 w]t come to man's e/ate8 ,b we _h giv5 !e su* weapons z1 if ?\ had/ n ca/ !m away1 w\ld h made !e inv9cible4 ,do/ ?\ n "k me8 ,:y do/ ?\ n speak8 ,is x %amefa/ness or ins5sibl5ess t makes !e sil5t8 ,i _h r x 7 %amefa/ness1 b ,i p]ceive ?\ art become ins5sible4 ,& see+ me n only sil5t b altoge!r mute & dumb1 fair & easily %e laid h] h& ^u my brea/ say+3 ,!re is no dang]2 he is 9 a le?>gy1 ! common disease ( deceiv$ m9ds2 he ha? a little =got himself1 b he w easily rememb] himself aga91 if he be br\ght to "k u fir/4 ,to :i* end1 let u a little wipe 8 eyes1 dimm$ ) ! cl\d ( mortal ?+s4 ,& hav+ ?us said1 ) a corn] ( h] g>m5t %e dri$ my eyes :i* 7 wet ) te>s4 ,,iii4 ,tunc me discussa liqu]unt nocte t5ebrae ,lum9ibusque prior r$iit uigor1 ,vt1 cum praecipiti glom]antur sid]a ,coro ,nimbosisque polus /etit imbribus1 ,sol latet ac nondum caelo u5i5tibus a/ris1 #e ,desup] 9 t]ram nox funditur2 ,hanc si ,?reicio ,boreas emissus ab antro ,v]b]et et clausam res]et diem1 ,emicat ac subito uibratus lum9e ,phoebus ,mirantes oculos radiis f]it4 #aj ,,iii4 ,!n fl$ ! night & d>kness did me leave4 ,m9e eyes _! wont$ /r5g? receive1 ,z :5 swift ,corus spreads ! />s ) cl\ds ,& ! cle> sky a veil ( tempe/ %r\ds ,! sun do? lurk1 ! e>? receive? night4 ,lack+ ! boon ( />ry light2 ,b if fi]ce ,boreas1 s5t f ,?race1 make way ,= ! re/or+ ( ! day1 ,phoebus ) fre% & sudd5 beams do? rise1 ,/rik+ ) light our wond]+ eyes4 ,,iii4 ,haud alit] tri/itiae nebulis dissolutis hausi caelum et ad cognosc5dam m$icantis faciem m5tem recepi4 ,itaque ubi 9 eam d$uxi oculos intuitumque defixi1 respicio nutricem meam cuius ab adulesc5tia l>ibus obu]satus fu]am ,philosophiam4 ,et quid1 inquam1 tu 9 has exilii no/ri solitud9es o omnium magi/ra uirtutum sup]o c>d9e delapsa u5i/i8 ,an ut tu quoque mecum rea falsis crim9ationibus agit]is8 ,an1 inquit illa1 te alumne des]]em nec s>c9am quam mei nom9is inuidia su/uli/i1 communicato tecum labore p>tir]8 ,atqui ,philosophiae fas non erat incomitatum rel9qu]e it] innoc5tis2 meam scilicet crim9ationem u]]] et quasi n\um aliquid accid]it1 p]horresc]em8 ,nunc enim primum c5ses apud inprobos mores lacessitam p]iculis esse sapi5tiam8 ,nonne apud uet]es quoque ante no/ri ,platonis aetatem magnum saepe c]tam5 cum /ultitiae tem]itate c]tauimus eodemque sup]/ite praeceptor eius ,socrates iniu/ae uictoriam mortis me ad/ante prom]uit8 ,cuius h]$itatem cum de9ceps ,epicureum uulgus ac ,/oicum cet]ique pro sua quisque p>te raptum ire molir5tur meque reclamantem r5it5temque uelut 9 p>tem pra$ae trah]5t1 ue/em quam meis texu]am manibus1 discid]unt abreptisque ab ea panniculis totam me sibi cessisse cr$5tes abi]e4 ,9 quibus quoniam qua$am no/ri habitus ue/igia uidebantur1 meos esse famili>es inprud5tia rata nonnullos eorum pr(anae multitud9is errore p]u]tit4 ,quod si nec ,anaxagorae fugam nec ,socratis u55um nec ,z5onis torm5ta quoniam sunt p]egr9a n\i/i1 at ,canios1 at ,s5ecas1 at ,soranos quorum nec p]uetu/a nec incelebris memoria e/1 scire potui/i4 ,quos nihil aliud 9 cladem detraxit nisi quod no/ris moribus in/ituti /udiis improborum dissimillimi uidebantur4 ,itaque nihil e/ quod admir]e1 si 9 hoc uitae salo circumflantibus agitemur procellis1 quibus hoc maxime propositum e/ pessimis displic]e4 ,quorum quidem tametsi e/ num]osus ex]citus1 sp]n5dus tam5 e/1 quoniam nullo duce regitur1 s$ errore tantum tem]e ac passim lymphante raptatur4 ,qui si qu&o contra nos aciem /ru5s ual5tior incubu]it1 no/ra quidem dux copias suas 9 arcem contrahit1 illi u]o circa diripi5das inutiles s>c9ulas occupantur4 ,at nos desup] inridemus uilissima r]um quaeque rapi5tes securi totius furiosi tumultus eoque uallo muniti quo grassanti /ultitiae adspir>e fas non sit4 ,,iii4 ,9 l mann]1 ! mi/s ( sadness dissolv$1 ,i came to myself & recov]$ my judgm5t1 s t ,i knew my ,physician's face2 :]e=e ca/+ m9e eyes ^u h] some:at /$fa/ly1 ,i beheld my nurse ,philosophy1 9 ^: h\se ,i _h rema9$ f my y\?1 & ,i said3 ,o ,mi/ress ( all virtues1 = :at cause art ?\ come f heav5 into ?is our solit>y bani%m5t8 ,art ?\ come to be> me company 9 be+ falsely accus$8 ,%\ld ,i1 sai? %e1 =sake !e1 my disciple1 & n divide ! burd51 :i* ?\ be>e/ ?r\gh hatr$ ( my "n1 by p>tak+ ( ?y lab\r8 ,b ,philosophy nev] ?\ght x lawful to =sake ! innoc5t 9 8 tr\ble4 ,%\ld ,i fe> any accusations1 z ?\gh ?is 7 any new matt]8 ,= do/ ?\ ?9k t ?is is ! fir/ "t t ,wisdom ha? be5 expos$ to dang] by wick$ m58 ,h we n 9 anci5t times be=e our ,plato's age _h (t5times great conflicts ) ! ra%ness ( folly8 ,& :ile he liv$1 _h n 8 ma/] ,socrates ! victory ( an unju/ dea? 9 my pres5ce1 ^: inh]itance1 :5 aft]w>d ! mob ( ,epicures1 ,/oics1 & o!rs 7e "o = 8 own sect7 endeav\r$ to usurp1 & z x 7 9 "p ( _! prey1 s\ght to draw me to !m1 exclaim+ & /riv+ aga9/ !m2 !y tore ! g>m5t :i* ,i _h wov5 ) my own h&s1 & hav+ gott5 "s little pieces ( x1 ?9k+ me to be :olly 9 _! possession1 dep>t$4 ,"s ( :om1 because c]ta9 signs ( my app>el appe>$ ^u !m1 7 ra%ly suppos$ to be my famili> fri5ds1 & condemn$ accord+ly ?r\gh ! error ( ! pr(ane multitude4 ,b if ?\ ha/ n he>d ( ! flight ( ,anaxagoras1 ! poison ( ,socrates1 nor ! torm5ts ( ,z5o1 because !y are =eign examples2 yet ?\ may/ h he>d ( ,canius1 ( ,s5eca1 ( ,soranus1#hc ^: memory is bo? fre% & fam\s1 :om no?+ else br\ght to _! ov]?r[ b t !y _h be5 in/ruct$ 9 our s*ool & 7 altoge!r dislik+ to ! hum\rs ( wick$ m52 :]e=e ?\ ha/ no cause to m>vel1 if 9 ! sea ( ?is life we be toss$ ) boi/]\s /orms1 ^: *iefe/ purpose is to displease ! wick$2 ( :i* ?\gh !re be an huge army1 yet x is to be despis$1 because x is n gov]n$ by any capta91 b is c>ri$ up & d[n by fanta/ical error )\t any ord] at all4 ,& if at any "t !y assail u ) great =ce1 our capta9 retire? h] b& into a ca/le1#hd leav+ !m occupi$ 9 sack+ unpr(itable baggage4 ,& f above we laugh !m to scorn = seek+ s gre$ily aft] mo/ vile ?+s1 be+ safe f all _! furi\s assault1 & =tifi$ ) t def5ce :i* aspir+ folly _c prevail aga9/4 #hc ,on ,julius ,kanius or ,canius ! ,/oic cf4 ,s5eca1 ,de ,tranq4 xiv4 #d-i2 on ,soranus cf4 ,tac4 ,annal4 i4 #af4 #hd ,cf4 arce religionis no/rae1 ,tr4 iv4 7supra1 p4 #ed74 ,,iv4 ,quisquis composito s]5us aeuo ,fatum sub p$ibus egit#he sup]bum ,=tunamque tu5s utramque rectus ,inuictum potuit t5]e uultum1 ,non illum rabies m9aeque ponti #e ,v]sum funditus exagitantis ae/um ,nec ruptis quoti5s uagus cam9is ,torquet fumificos ,vesaeuus ignes ,aut celsas soliti f]ire turres ,ard5tis uia fulm9is m\ebit4 #aj ,quid tantum mis]i saeuos tyrannos ,mirantur s9e uiribus fur5tes8 ,nec sp]es aliquid nec extimescas1 ,ex>mau]is impot5tis iram4 ,at quisquis trepidus pauet uel optat1 #ae ,quod non sit /abilis suique iuris1 ,abiecit clipeum locoque motus ,nectit qua ualeat trahi cat5am4 #he ,=tasse iecit2 cf4 ,v]g4 ,georg4 ii4 #dia sq4 ,,iv4 ,:o mildly c 8 age dispose1 ,& at 8 feet pr\d de/9y ?r[s3 ,:o /\tly do? ea* *ance behold1 ,keep+ 8 c\nt5ance uncontroll$3 ,n him ! ocean's rage & ?reat1 ,/irr+ ! waves ) angry heat1 ,nor hot ,vesuvius :5 he ca/s ,f brok5 hills enflamd bla/s1 ,nor fi]y ?und] c dismay1 ,:i* takes ! tops ( t[]s away4 ,:y d fi]ce tyrants u affright1 ,^: rage is f> beyond _! might8 ,= no?+ hope1 nor fe> ?\ h>m1 ,s _! weak wra? ?\ %alt dis>m4 ,b he :om hope or t]ror takes1 ,be+ a slave1 8 %ield =sakes1 ,& leaves 8 place1 & do? provide ,a *a9 :]e) 8 h&s are ti$4 ,,iv4 ,s5tisne1 inquit1 haec atque animo inlabuntur tuo1 an ,greek3 onos luras8 ,quid fles1 quid lacrimis manas8 ,greek3 ,exauda1 mae keu! nooi4 ,si op]am m$icantis exspectas1 oportet uulnus detegas4 ,tum ego collecto 9 uires animo3 ,anne adhuc eget admonitione nec p] se satis em9et =tunae 9 nos saeui5tis asp]itas8 ,nihilne te ipsa loci facies m\et8 ,haec9e e/ biblio!ca1 quam c]tissimam tibi s$em no/ris 9 l>ibus ipsa deleg]as8 ,9 qua mecum saepe resid5s de human>um diu9>umque r]um sci5tia diss]ebas8 ,talis habitus talisque uultus erat1 99cum tecum naturae secreta rim>]1 cum mihi sid]um uias radio describ]es1 cum mores no/ros totiusque uitae rationem ad caele/is ord9is exempla =m>es8 ,haec9e praemia ref]imus tibi obsequ5tes8 ,atqui tu hanc s5t5tiam ,platonis ore sanxi/i3 beatas =e res publicas1 si eas uel /udiosi sapi5tiae reg]5t uel e>um rectores /ud]e sapi5tiae contigisset4 ,tu eiusdem uiri ore hanc sapi5tibus capess5dae rei publicae necess>iam causam esse monui/i1 ne improbis flagitiosisque ciuibus urbium relicta gub]nacula pe/em bonis ac p]niciem f]r5t4 ,hanc igitur auctoritatem secutus quod a te int] secreta otia didic]am transf]re 9 actum publicae adm9i/rationis optaui4 ,tu mihi et qui te sapi5tium m5tibus ins]uit deus conscii nullum me ad magi/ratum nisi commune bonorum omnium /udium detulisse4 ,inde cum inprobis graues inexorabilesque discordiae et quod consci5tiae lib]tas habet1 pro tu5do iure spreta pot5tiorum semp] (f5sio4 ,quoti5s ego ,coniga/um 9 inbecilli cuiusque =tunas impetum faci5tem obuius excepi1 quoti5s ,triguillam regiae praepositum domus ab incepta1 p]petrata iam prorsus iniuria deieci1 quoti5s mis]os quos inf9itis calumniis inpunita b>b>orum semp] au>itia uexabat1 obiecta p]iculis auctoritate protexi6 ,numquam me ab iure ad iniuriam quisquam detraxit4 ,pr\9cialium =tunas tum priuatis rap9is tum publicis uectigalibus pessumd>i non alit] quam qui patiebantur indolui4 ,cum ac]bae famis tempore grauis atque inexplicabilis indicta coemptio pr(ligatura inopia ,campaniam pr\9ciam uid]etur1 c]tam5 adu]sum praefectum praetorii communis commodi ratione suscepi1 rege cognosc5te cont5di et ne coemptio exig]etur1 euici4 ,paul9um consul>em uirum cuius opes ,palat9ae canes iam spe atque ambitione deuorass5t1 ab ipsis hiantium faucibus traxi4 ,ne ,alb9um consul>em uirum praeiudicatae accusationis po5a corrip]et1 odiis me ,cypriani delatoris opposui4 ,satisne 9 me magnas uideor exac]uasse discordias8 ,s$ esse apud cet]os tutior debui qui mihi amore iu/itiae nihil apud aulicos quo magis essem tutior res]uaui4 ,quibus autem def]5tibus p]culsi sumus8 ,quorum ,basilius olim regio m9i/]io depulsus 9 delationem no/ri nom9is ali5i a]is necessitate compulsus e/4 ,opilionem u]o atque ,gaud5tium cum ob innum]as multiplicesque fraudes ire 9 exilium regia c5sura decreuisset cumque illi p>]e nol5tes sacr>um sese a$ium def5sione tu]5tur comp]tumque id regi =et1 edixit3 uti ni intra praescriptum diem ,rau5na urbe dec$]5t1 notas insigniti frontibus pell]5tur4 ,quid huic seu]itati posse a/rui uidetur8 ,atqui 9 eo die def]5tibus eisdem nom9is no/ri delatio suscepta e/4 ,quid igitur8 ,no/ra5e artes ita m]u]unt8 ,an illos accusatores iu/os fecit praemissa damnatio8 ,itane nihil =tunam puduit si m9us accusatae innoc5tiae1 at accusantium uilitatis8#hf ,at cuius crim9is arguimur summam qua]is8 ,s5atum dicimur saluum esse uoluisse4 ,modum desid]as8 ,delatorem ne docum5ta def]ret quibus s5atum maie/atis reum fac]et imp$isse crim9amur4 ,quid igitur o magi/ra c5ses8 ,infitiabimur crim51 ne tibi pudor simus8 ,at uolui nec umquam uelle desi/am4 ,fatebimur8 ,s$ imp$i5di delatoris op]a cessauit4 ,an optasse illius ord9is salutem nefas uocabo8 ,ille quidem suis de me decretis1 uti hoc nefas esset1 effec]at4 ,s$ sibi semp] m5ti5s inprud5tia r]um m]ita non pote/ inmut>e nec mihi ,socratico decreto fas esse arbitror uel occuluisse u]itatem uel concessisse m5dacium4 ,v]um id quoquo modo sit1 tuo sapi5tiumque iudicio ae/im&um rel9quo4 ,cuius rei s]iem atque u]itatem1 ne lat]e po/]os queat1 /ilo etiam memoriaeque m&aui4 ,nam de compositis falso litt]is quibus lib]tatem arguor sp]asse ,romanam quid att9et dic]e8 ,qu>um fraus ap]ta patuisset1 si nobis ipsorum confessione delatorum1 quod 9 omnibus negotiis maximas uires habet1 uti licuisset4 ,nam quae sp]>i reliqua lib]tas pote/8 ,atque ut9am posset ulla6 ,respondissem ,canii u]bo1 qui cum a ,gaio ,caes>e ,g]manici filio conscius contra se factae coniurationis fuisse dic]etur3 ',si ego1' inquit1 'scissem1 tu nescisses4' ,qua 9 re non ita s5sus no/ros ma]or hebetauit ut impios scel]ata contra uirtutem qu]> molitos1 s$ quae sp]au]9t effecisse uehem5t] admiror4 ,nam det]iora uelle no/ri fu]it =tasse defectus1 posse contra innoc5tiam1 quae scel]atus quisque concep]it inspectante deo1 mon/ri simile e/4 ,vnde haud iniuria tuorum quidam famili>ium quaesiuit3 ',si quidem deus1' inquit1 'e/1 unde mala8 ,bona u]o unde1 si non e/8' ,s$ fas fu]it nef>ios hom9es qui bonorum omnium totiusque s5atus sangu9em petunt1 nos etiam quos propugn>e bonis s5atuique uid]ant1 p]ditum ire uoluisse4 ,s$ num idem de patribus quoque m]ebamur8 ,mem9i/i1 ut op9or1 quoniam me dicturum quid facturumue praes5s semp] ipsa dirigebas1 mem9i/i1 inquam1 ,v]onae cum rex auidus exitii communis maie/atis crim5 9 ,alb9um delatae ad cunctum s5atus ord9em transf]re moliretur1 uniu]si innoc5tiam s5atus quanta mei p]iculi securitate def5d]im4 ,scis me haec et u]a pr(]re et 9 nulla umquam mei laude iactasse4 ,m9uit enim quodam modo se probantis consci5tiae secretum1 quoti5s o/5t&o quis factum recipit famae pretium4 ,s$ innoc5tiam no/ram quis excep]it eu5tus uides2 pro u]ae uirtutis praemiis falsi scel]is po5as subimus4 ,et cuius umquam fac9oris manife/a confessio ita iudices habuit 9 seu]itate concordes ut non aliquos uel ipse +5ii error humani uel =tunae condicio cunctis mortalibus inc]ta submitt]et8 ,si inflamm>e sacras a$es uoluisse1 si sac]dotes impio iugul>e gladio1 si bonis omnibus necem /ruxisse dic]emur1 praes5tem tam5 s5t5tia1 confessum tam5 conuictumue punisset4 ,nunc qu+5tis f]e passuum milibus procul muti atque indef5si ob /udium prop5sius 9 s5atum morti proscriptionique damnamur4 ,o m]itos de simili crim9e nem9em posse conu9ci6 ,cuius dignitatem reatus ipsi etiam qui detul]e uid]unt1 quam uti alicuius scel]is admixtione fusc>5t1 ob ambitum dignitatis sacrilegio me consci5tiam polluisse m5titi sunt4 ,atqui et tu insita nobis omnem r]um mortalium cupid9em de no/ri animi s$e pellebas et sub tuis oculis sacrilegio locum esse fas non erat4 ,in/illabas enim auribus cogitationibusque cotidie meis ,py?agoricum illud ,greek3 hep\ !oi4#hg ,nec conu5iebat uilissimorum me spirituum praesidia capt>e quem tu 9 hanc excell5tiam componebas ut consimilem deo fac]es4 ,praet]ea p5etral innoc5s domus1 hone/issimorum coetus amicorum1 soc] etiam sanctus et aeque ac tu ipsa#hh reu]5dus ab omni nos huius crim9is suspitione def5dunt4 ,s$1 o nefas1 illi u]o de te tanti crim9is fidem capiunt atque hoc ipso uidebimur aff9es fuisse maleficio1 quod tuis inbuti discipl9is1 tuis in/ituti moribus sumus4 ,ita non e/ satis nihil mihi tuam pr(uisse reu]5tiam1 nisi ultro tu mea potius (f5sione lac]]is4 ,at u]o hic etiam no/ris malis cumulus acc$it1 quod exi/imatio plurimorum non r]um m]ita s$ =tunae spectat eu5tum eaque tantum iudicat esse pr\isa quae felicitas comm5dau]it4 ,quo fit ut exi/imatio bona prima omnium des]at infelices4 ,qui nunc populi rumores1 quam dissonae multiplicesque s5t5tiae1 piget rem9isci4 ,hoc tantum dix]im ultimam esse adu]sae =tunae s>c9am1 quod dum mis]is aliquod crim5 aff+itur1 quae p]f]unt m]uisse cr$untur4 ,et ego quidem bonis omnibus pulsus1 dignitatibus exutus1 exi/imatione fo$atus ob b5eficium supplicium tuli4 ,vid]e autem uideor nef>ias scel]atorum (fic9as gaudio laetitiaque fluitantes1 p]ditissimum quemque n\is delationum fraudibus imm95tem1 iac]e bonos no/ri discrim9is t]rore pro/ratos1 flagitiosum quemque ad aud5dum quidem fac9us impunitate1 ad effici5dum u]o praemiis incit>i1 insontes autem non modo securitate1 u]um ipsa etiam def5sione priuatos4 ,itaque libet exclam>e3 #hf uilitatis ,gl>eanus2 uilitas codd4 #hg ,greek3 !on codd4 #hh ipsa ,sitzmannus2 ipso codd4 ,,iv4 ,und]/&e/ ?\ ^! ?+s1 sai? %e1 & d !y make impression 9 ?y m9d8 ,art ?\ 'l ! ass1 deaf to ! lyre'8 ,:y weepe/ ?\8 ,:y %$de/ ?\ s _m te>s8 ,speak out2 hide n ?y ?\ghts4#hi ,if ?\ expecte/ to be cur$1 ?\ mu/ discov] ?y w\nd4#ij ,!n ,i1 collect+ ! =ces ( my m9d toge!r1 made h] answ] 9 ^! words3 ,do? ! cruelty ( =tune's rage ne$ fur!r decl>ation1 or do? x n suffici5tly appe> ( itself8 ,do? n ! v c\nt5ance ( ?is place move !e8 ,is ?is ! libr>y :i* ?\ ?yself had/ *os5 to sit 9 at my h\se1 9 :i* ?\ ha/ (t5times disc\rs$ ) me ( ! k ( div9e & human ?+s8 ,_h ,i ?is attire or c\nt5ance :5 ,i se>*$ ! secrets ( nature ) !e1 :5 ?\ describ$/ unto me ! c\rse ( ! />s ) ?y geometrical rod1 :5 ?\ did/ frame my conv]sation & ! mann] ( my :ole life accord+ to ! patt]n ( ! cele/ial ord]8 ,are ^! ! rew>ds :i* ?y ob$i5t s]vants h8 ,b ?\ did/ decree t s5t5ce by ! m\? ( ,plato3 ,t commonweal?s %\ld be happy1 if ei!r ! /ud5ts ( wisdom did gov]n !m1 or ^? :i* 7 appo9t$ to gov]n !m w\ld give !mselves to ! /udy ( wisdom4#ia ,?\ by ! same philosoph] did/ admoni% u t x is a suffici5t cause = wise m5 to take ^u !mselves ! gov]nm5t ( ! commonweal?1 le/1 if ! rule ( cities 7 left 9 ! h&s ( lewd & wick$ citiz5s1 !y %\ld "w ! subv]sion & ov]?r[ ( ! good4 ,:]e=e1 foll[+ ?is au?ority1 ,i desir$ to practise t by public adm9i/ration :i* ,i _h le>nt ( !e 9 private conf]5ce4 ,?\ & ,god ,himself :o _h ins]t$ !e 9 ! m9ds ( ! wise1 are my witnesses t no?+ b ! common desire ( all good m5 br\ght me to be a magi/rate4 ,?is ha? be5 ! cause ( my griev\s & irreconcilable disagreem5ts ) wick$ m51 & t :i* fre$om ( consci5ce c>rie? ) x1 ( ev] contemn+ ! indignation ( pot5tates = ! def5ce ( ju/ice4 ,h[ (t5 h ,i enc\nt]$ ) ,coniga/us1 viol5tly possess+ himself ) poor m5's goods8 ,h[ (t5 h ,i put back ,triguilla1 ,provo/ ( ! ,k+'s h\se1 f injuries :i* he _h begun1 yea1 & f9i%$ also8 ,h[ (t5 h ,i protect$1 by putt+ my au?ority 9 dang]1 su* poor wret*es z ! unpuni%$ covet\sness ( ! b>b>\s did vex ) inf9ite reproa*es8 ,nev] did any man draw me f "r to wrong4 ,x griev$ me no less ?an !m :i* suff]$ x1 to see ! weal? ( our subjects wa/$1 p>tly by private pillage1 & p>tly by public tributes4 ,:5 9 ! "t ( a great de>? ?+s 7 set at s excessive & unreasonable a rate t ! prov9ce ( ,campania 0 l to be altoge!r impov]i%$1 = ! common good ,i /uck n to cont5d ) ! *ief ,praetor himself1 & ! matt] 0 discuss$ be=e ! ,k+1 & ,i prevail$ s f> t x w5t n =w>d4 ,i drew ,paul9us1 :o _h be5 ,consul1 out ( ! v m\? ( ! gap+ c\rti]s1 :o l rav5\s curs _h already 9 hope & ambition dev\r$ 8 ri*es4 ,t ,alb9us :o _h likewise be5 ,consul might n be puni%$ ^u presumptu\s#ib & false accusation1 ,i expos$ myself to ! hatr$ ( ,cyprian 8 accus]4 ,may ,i seem to h provok$ enmity en\gh aga9/ myself8 ,b o!rs %\ld s mu* ! m h procur$ my safety1 s9ce t = ! love ,i be> to ju/ice ,i left myself no way by ! means ( c\rti]s to be safe4 ,b by ^: accusations did ,i receive ?is bl[8 ,by !irs :o1 long s9ce hav+ put ,basil out ( ! ,k+'s s]vice1 compell$ him n[ to accuse me1 by ! necessity :i* he 0 driv5 to by debt4 ,opilio likewise & ,gaud5tius be+ bani%$ by ! ,k+'s decree1 = ! injuries & manifold deceits :i* !y _h committ$1 because !y w\ld n obey1 def5d$ !mselves by tak+ sanctu>y1 ( :i* ! ,k+ he>+1 gave s5t5ce1 t unless !y dep>t$ out ( ! city ( ,rav5na )9 c]ta9 days1 !y %\ld be br&$ 9 ! =eheads1 & put out by =ce4 ,:at c\ld be add$ to ?is sev]ity8 ,& yet t v day _! accusations aga9/ me w5t = curr5t4 ,:at might be ! reason ( ?is8 ,did my deal+ des]ve x8 ,or did ! condemnation1 :i* w5t be=e1 make !m j accus]s8 ,0 n =tune a%am$1 if n t innoc5cy 0 accus$1 yet at lea/ t x _h s vile & base accus]s8 ,b :at crime 0 laid to my *>ge8 ,wilt ?\ h x 9 "o ^w8 ,i am said to h desir$ ! ,s5ate's safety4 ,wilt ?\ "k ! mann] h[8 ,i am blam$ = hav+ h9d]$ _! accus] to br+ =? evid5ce by :i* he %\ld prove ! ,s5ate guilty ( treason4 ,:at ?9ke/ ?\1 ,o ,mi/ress8 ,%all ,i d5y ?is *>ge1 t ,i may n %ame !e8 ,b x is true1 ,i desir$ x1 nei!r w ,i ev] cease f hav+ t desire4 ,%all ,i confess x8 ,b ,i h already left h9d]+ _! accus]4 ,%all ,i call x an (f5ce to h wi%$ ! safety ( t ord]8 ,inde$ ! ,s5ate ) _! decrees conc]n+ me _h made x an (f5ce4 ,b folly1 always deceiv+ h]self1 _c *ange ! des]ts ( ?+s1 nor1 accord+ to ! decree ( ,socrates1#ic d ,i ?9k x is lawful ei!r to conceal ! tru? or grant a lie4 ,b h[ ?is may be1 ,i leave to ?9e & ,wisdom's c5sure4 ,& t po/]ity may n be ignorant ( ! c\rse & tru? ( ! matt]1 ,i h put x d[n 9 writ+4 ,= :y %\ld ,i speak ( ^? feign$ lett]s1 9 :i* ,i am *>g$ to h hop$ = ,roman lib]ty8 ,! deceit ( :i* w\ld manife/ly h appe>$1 if x might h be5 lawful = me to h us$ ! confession ( my v accus]s1 :i* 9 all bus9ess is ( greate/ =ce4 ,= :at lib]ty rema9e? !re to be hop$ =8 ,i w\ld to ,god !re 7 any6 ,i w\ld h answ]$ z ,canius did1 :o be+ *>g$ by ,gaius ,caes>1 son to ,g]manicus1 t he 0 privy to ! conspiracy made aga9/ him1 answ]$3 ',if ,i _h be5 made acqua9t$ ) x1 ?\ %\lde/ nev] h kn[n ( x4'#id ,nei!r ha? sorr[ s dull$ my wits 9 ?is matt] t ,i compla9 ( ! wick$ endeav\rs ( s9ful m5 aga9/ virtue1 b ,i exce$+ly m>vel to see t !y h br\ght to pass ! ?+s !y hop$ to d4 ,= ! desire ( do+ evil may be attribut$ to our weakness1 b t 9 ! sight ( ,god ! wick$ %\ld be able to compass :atsoev] !y contrive aga9/ ! innoc5t1 is altoge!r mon/r\s4 ,:5ce n )\t cause "o ( ?y famili> fri5ds#ie dem&$3 ',if1' sai? he1 '!re be a ,god1 f :5ce proce$ s _m evils8 ,& if !re be no ,god1 f :5ce come? any good8' ,b let t pass t wick$ m51 :i* seek ! blood ( all good m51 & ( ! :ole ,s5ate1 w\ld also h ov]?r[n me1 :om !y saw to /& 9 def5ce ( good m5 & ( ! ,s5ate4 ,b did ,i des]ve ! same ( ! ,s5ators !mselves8 ,i suppose ?\ rememb]e/ h[ ?\ be+ pres5t did/ alway direct me :5 ,i w5t ab\t to say or d any?+4 ,?\ rememb]e/1 ,i say1 :5 at ,v]ona ! ,k+1 be+ desir\s ( a common ov]?r[1 endeav\r$ to lay ! treason1 :]e( only ,alb9us 0 accus$1 ^u ! :ole ord] ( ! ,s5ate1 ) h[ great security ( my own dang] ,i def5d$ ! innoc5cy ( ! :ole ,s5ate4 ,?\ kn[e/ t ^! ?+s :i* ,i say are true1 & t ,i 0 nev] delight$ 9 my own praise1 = ! secret ( a good consci5ce is 9 "s sort dim9i%$ :5 by decl>+ :at he ha? done a man receive? ! rew>d ( fame4 ,b ?\ see/ to :at pass my innoc5cy is come2 in/ead ( ! rew>ds ( true virtue1 ,i und]go ! puni%m5t ( wick$ness1 :]e) ,i am falsely *>g$4 ,0 x ev] yet se5 t ! manife/ confession ( any crime made ! judges s at "o 9 sev]ity1 t ei!r ! error ( man's judgm5t or ! condition ( =tune1 :i* is c]ta9 to none1 did n incl9e "s ( !m to fav\r8 ,if ,i _h be5 accus$ t ,i w\ld h burnt ! *ur*es1 or wick$ly h kill$ ! prie/s1 or h s\ght ! dea? ( all good m51 yet s5t5ce %\ld h be5 pron\nc$ aga9/ me pres5t1 hav+ confess$1 & be+ convict$4 ,n[ be+ convey$ five hundr$ miles (f1 dumb & def5celess1 ,i am condemn$ to dea? & proscription = be>+ ! ,s5ate too mu* good w4 ,o ,s5ate1 :i* des]ves t nev] any may be convict$ ( ! l crime6 ,! dignity ( :i* accusation ev5 ! v accus]s !mselves saw1 :i* t !y might obscure by add+ "s sort ( fault1 !y beli$ me t ,i defil$ my consci5ce ) sacrilege1 = an ambiti\s desire ( pref]m5t4 ,b ?\1 :i* had/ seat$ ?yself 9 me1 did/ repel f ! seat ( my m9d all desire ( mortal ?+s1 & )9 ?y sight !re 0 no place = sacrilege to h>b\r2 = ?\ did/ in/il into my e>s & ?\ghts daily t say+ ( ,py?agoras1 ',foll[ ,god4'#if ,nei!r 0 x fitt+ = me to use ! aid ( mo/ vile spirits :5 ?\ wa/ %ap+ me into t excell5cy to make me l to ,god4 ,besides ! innoc5cy :i* appe>$ 9 ! mo/ retir$ rooms ( my h\se1 ! assembly ( my mo/ hon\rable fri5ds1 my holy fa!r- 9-law ,symma*us1 :o is z wor?y ( rev]5ce z ?\ ?yself art1 d cle> me f all suspicion ( ?is crime4 ,b ,o dete/able wick$ness6 !y ! r cr$it !e ) s great a crime1 & ?9k me ! nigh] to su* mis*iev\s deal+1 because ,i am endu$ ) ?y k1 & adorn$ ) ?y virtues1 s t x is n en\gh t ,i reap no commodity = ?y respect1 unless ?\ bee/ also di%on\r$ = ! hatr$ conceiv$ aga9/ me4 ,& t my mis]ies may increase ! m1 ! greate/ "p d n s mu* respect ! value ( ?+s z ! ev5t ( =tune1 & !y e/eem only t to be provid5tly done :i* ! happy success comm5ds4 ,by :i* means x come? to pass t ! fir/ loss :i* mis]able m5 h is _! e/imation & ! good op9ion :i* 0 _h ( !m4 ,:at rum\rs g n[ among ! p1 :at dissonant & div]se op9ions6 ,i _c abide to ?9k ( !m2 only ?is w ,i say1 ! la/ burd5 ( adv]sity is t :5 !y :i* are 9 mis]y are accus$ ( any crime1 !y are ?\ght to des]ve :atsoev] !y suff]4 ,& ,i1 spoil$ ( all my goods1 b]eav$ ( my dignities1 blemi%$ 9 my good "n1 = b5efits receive puni%m5ts4 ,& me?9ks ,i see ! curs$ crews ( ! wick$ ab\nd+ ) joy & gladness1 & e lo/ companion devis+ ) himself h[ to accuse o!rs falsely1 good m5 lie pro/rate ) ! t]ror ( my dang]1 & e lewd fell[ is provok$ by impunity to attempt any wick$ness1 & by rew>ds to br+ x to effect2 b ! innoc5t are n only depriv$ ( all security1 b also ( any mann] ( def5ce4 ,:]e=e ,i may well exclaim3 #hi ,hom]1 ,il4 i4 #cfc4 #ij ,cf4 ,tr4 v4 7supra1 p4 #gf71 quasi non det]ior fiat insci5tiae causa dum tegitur4 #ia ,plato1 ,rep4 v4 #dgc4 #ib ,presumptu\sf\nd$ on presumption4 #ic ,cp4 ,plato1 ,rep4 vi4 #dhe2 ! ,greek3 philosophos _c be ,greek3 philopseudaes4 #id ,vide supra1 p4 #fi4 ,?is seems to be ! only record ( ,canius's retort to ,caligula4 #ie i4e4 ,epicurus1 cp4 ,lact4 ,de ,ira ,dei xiii4 #if ,cf4 ,greek3 ho bios apas suntetaktai pros to akol\!9 toi ,!oi1 ,iambl4 ,de ,vita ,py?4 xviii41 & ,s5eca1 ,de ,vita ,beata xv4 ,v4 ,o /ellif]i conditor orbis ,qui p]petuo nixus solio ,rapido caelum turb9e u]sas ,legemque pati sid]a cogis1 ,vt nunc pl5o lucida cornu #e ,totis fratris obuia flammis ,condat /ellas luna m9ores1 ,nunc obscuro pallida cornu ,phoebo propior lum9a p]dat1 ,et qui primae tempore noctis #aj ,agit alg5tes ,hesp]os ortus1 ,solitas it]um mutet hab5as ,phoebi pall5s ,lucif] ortu4 ,tu frondifluae frigore brumae ,/r+is lucem breuiore mora3 #ae ,tu1 cum f]uida u5]it ae/as1 ,agiles nocti diuidis horas4 ,tua uis u>ium temp]at annum ,vt quas ,boreae spiritus auf]t ,reuehat mites ,zephyrus frondes #bj ,quaeque ,arcturus sem9a uidit ,sirius altas urat segetes4 ,nihil antiqua lege solutum ,l9quit propriae /ationis opus4 ,omnia c]to f9e gub]nans #be ,hom9um solos respuis actus ,m]ito rector cohib]e modo4 ,nam cur tantas lubrica u]sat ,=tuna uices8 ,premit insontes ,debita scel]i noxia po5a1 #cj ,at p]u]si resid5t celso ,mores solio sanctaque calcant ,iniu/a uice colla noc5tes4 ,latet obscuris condita uirtus ,cl>a t5ebris iu/usque tulit #ce ,crim5 iniqui4 ,nil p]iuria1 nil nocet ipsis ,fraus m5daci compta colore4 ,s$ cum libuit uiribus uti1 ,quos innum]i metuunt populi #dj ,summos gaud5t subd]e reges4 ,o iam mis]as respice t]ras ,quisquis r]um fo$]a nectis4 ,op]is tanti p>s non uilis ,hom9es quatimur =tunae salo4 #de ,rapidos rector comprime fluctus ,et quo caelum regis imm5sum ,firma /abiles fo$]e t]ras4 ,v4 ,creator ( ! ,sky1 ,:o sitte/ on ,?9e et]nal ?rone on high1 ,:o do/ quick motions cause ,9 all ! heav5s1 & give/ />s _! laws1 ,t ! pale ,que5 ( ,night1 ,sometimes receiv+ all h] bro!r's light1 ,%\ld %9e 9 h] full pride1 ,& ) h] beams ! less] />s %\ld hide2 ,sometimes %e wants h] grace1 ,:5 ! sun's rays are 9 less di/ant place2 ,& ,hesp]us t flies1 ,driv+ ! cold1 be=e ! night do? rise1 ,& (t ) sudd5 *ange ,be=e ! sun z ,lucif] do? range4#ig ,?\ %ort ! days do/ make1 ,:5 ,w9t] f ! trees ! leaves do? take2 ,?\1 :5 ! fi]y sun ,do? ,summ] cause1 make/ ! nights swiftly run4 ,?y might do? rule ! ye>1 ,z nor!rn w9ds ! leaves away d be>1 ,s ,zephyrus f we/ ,! plants 9 all _! fre%ness do? reve/2 ,& ,syrius burns t corn ,) :i* ,arcturus did ! e>? adorn4 ,none f ,?y laws are free1 ,nor c =sake _! place orda9$ by ,!e4 ,?\ to t c]ta9 end ,gov]ne/ all ?+s2 d5ie/ ,?\ to int5d ,! acts ( m5 alone1 ,direct+ !m 9 measure f ,?y ?rone8 ,= :y %\ld slipp]y *ance ,rule all ?+s ) su* d\btful gov]nance8 ,or :y %\ld puni%m5ts1 ,due to ! guilty1 light on innoc5ts8 ,b n[ ! highe/ place ,give? to naughty mann]s greate/ grace1 ,& wick$ p vex ,good m51 & tread unju/ly on _! necks2 ,virtue 9 d>kness lurks1 ,& righte\s s\ls are *>g$ ) impi\s works1 ,deceits nor p]juries ,disgrace n ^? :o col\r !m ) lies1 ,=1 :5 x do? !m please ,to %[ _! =ce1 !y to _! w ) ease ,! he>ts ( k+s c /e]1 ,to :om s _m cr\* ) trembl+ fe>4 ,o ,?\ t jo9e/ ) love ,all worldly ?+s1 look f ,?y seat above ,on ! e>?'s wret*$ /ate2 ,we m51 n ! lea/ "w ?\ did/ create1 ,) =tune's bla/s d %ake2 ,?\ c>eful rul]1 ^! fi]ce tempe/s slake1 ,& = ! e>? provide ,^? laws by :i* ,?\ heav5 9 peace do/ guide4 #ig ,lit]ally1 ,& t he :o z ,hesp]us1 9 ! e>ly h\rs ( ! night1 drives ! cold />s be=e him1 %\ld *ange *>iot 7lit4 8 accu/om$ re9s7 & become ,lucif]1 gr[+ pale 9 ! fir/ rays ( ! sun4 ,v4 ,haec ubi cont9uato dolore delatraui1 illa uultu placido nihilque meis que/ibus mota3 ,cum te1 inquit1 mae/um lacrimantemque uidissem1 ilico mis]um exsulemque cogn\i4 ,s$ quam id long9quum esset exilium1 nisi tua prodidisset oratio1 nesciebam4 ,s$ tu quam procul a patria non quidem pulsus es s$ ab]ra/i2 ac si te pulsum exi/im>i mauis1 te potius ipse pepuli/i4 ,nam id quidem de te numquam cuiquam fas fuisset4 ,si enim cuius oriundo sis patriae rem9isc>e1 non uti ,a!ni5sium quondam multitud9is imp]io regitur1 s$ ,greek3 heis koiranos e/91 heis basileus qui frequ5tia ciuium non depulsione laetetur2 cuius agi fr5is atque obtemp]>e iu/itiae summa lib]tas e/4 ,an ignoras illam tuae ciuitatis antiquissimam legem1 qua sanctum e/ ei ius exul>e non esse quisquis 9 ea s$em fund>e malu]it8 ,nam qui uallo eius ac munim9e cont9etur1 nullus metus e/ ne exul esse m]eatur4 ,at quisquis eam inhabit>e uelle desi]it1 p>it] des9it etiam m]]i4 ,itaque non tam me loci huius quam tua facies m\et nec biblio!cae potius comptos ebore ac uitro p>ietes quam tuae m5tis s$em requiro1 9 qua non libros s$ id quod libris pretium facit1 librorum quondam meorum s5t5tias1 collocaui4 ,et tu quidem de tuis 9 commune bonum m]itis u]a quidem1 s$ pro multitud9e ge/orum tibi pauca dixi/i4 ,de obiectorum tibi uel hone/ate uel falsitate cunctis nota memora/i4 ,de scel]ibus fraudibusque delatorum recte tu quidem /rictim att+5dum puta/i1 quod ea melius ub]iusque recognosc5tis omnia uulgi ore celebr5tur4 ,increpui/i etiam uehem5t] iniu/i factum s5atus4 ,de no/ra etiam crim9atione dolui/i1 laesae quoque op9ionis damna fleui/i4 ,po/remus adu]sum =tunam dolor inc&uit conque/usque non aequa m]itis praemia p5s>i4 ,9 extremo ,musae saeui5tis1 uti quae caelum t]ras quoque pax reg]et1 uota posui/i4 ,s$ quoniam plurimus tibi affectuum tumultus incubuit diu]sumque te dolor1 ira1 ma]or di/rahunt1 uti nunc m5tis es1 nondum te ualidiora rem$ia cont+unt4 ,itaque l5ioribus paulisp] utemur1 ut quae 9 tumorem p]turbationibus influ5tibus induru]unt1 ad acrioris uim m$icam9is recipi5dum tactu bl&iore mollescant4 ,v4 ,:5 ,i _h utt]$ ^! spee*es ) cont9u$ grief1 %e1 ) an amiable c\nt5ance & no?+ mov$ ) my compla9ts1 said3 ,:5 ,i fir/ saw !e sad & weep+1 ,i =?) knew !e to be 9 mis]y & bani%m5t4 ,b ,i _h n kn[n h[ f> (f ?\ w]t bani%$1 if ?y spee* _h n bewray$ x4 ,o h[ f> art ?\ gone f ?y c\ntry1 n be+ driv5 away1 b w&]+ ( ?9e own accord6 ,or if ?\ had/ r be ?\ght to h be5 driv5 out1 x ha? be5 only by ?yself2 = nev] c\ld any o!r b ?yself h done x2 = if ?\ rememb]e/ ( :at c\ntry ?\ art1 x is n gov]n$ z ,a!ns 0 wont to be1 by ! multitude1 b '"o is its rul]1 "o its k+1'#ih :o desires to h abundance ( citiz5s1 & n to h !m driv5 away4 ,to be gov]n$ by ^: au?ority1 & to be subject to h] laws1 is ! greate/ fre$om t c be4 ,art ?\ ignorant ( t mo/ anci5t law ( ?y city1 by :i* x is decre$ t he may n be bani%$ t ha? made *oice ( x = 8 dwell+-place2#ii = he t is )9 h] =t or hold ne$ n fe> le/ he des]ve to be bani%$8 ,b :osoev] cease? to desire to dwell 9 x1 cease? likewise to des]ve s great a b5efit4 ,:]e=e ! c\nt5ance ( ?is place move? me n s mu* z ?y c\nt5ance do?4 ,nei!r d ,i mu* require ?y libr>y adorn$ ) ivory adornm5ts1 & its cry/al walls1 z ! seat ( ?y m9d1 9 :i* ,i h n plac$ books1 b t :i* makes books to be e/eem$ (1 ,i mean ! s5t5ces ( my books1 :i* 7 writt5 long s9ce4 ,& t :i* ?\ ha/ said ( ?y des]ts to ! common good1 is true inde$1 b little 9 respect ( ! _m ?+s :i* ?\ ha/ done4 ,t :i* ?\ ha/ report$1 ei!r ( ! hone/y or ( ! fals5ess ( ^? ?+s :i* are object$ aga9/ !e1 is kn[n to all m54 ,?\ did/ well to t\* b briefly ! wick$ness & deceit ( ?y accus]s1 = t ! common p to ^: notice !y are come d m fitly & l>gely speak ( !m4 ,?\ ha/ also %>ply rebuk$ ! unju/ ,s5ate's de$4 ,?\ ha/ also griev$ at our accusation1 & ha/ bewail$ ! loss or dim9i%+ ( our good "n2 & la/ly1 ?y sorr[ rag$ aga9/ =tune1 & ?\ compla9$/ t des]ts 7 n equally rew>d$4 ,9 ! end ( ?y bitt] v]se1 ?\ desir$/ t ! e>? might be gov]n$ by t peace :i* heav5 enjoye?4 ,b because ?\ art turmoil$ ) ! multitude ( affections1 grief & ang] draw+ !e to div]s p>ts1 9 ! plight ?\ art n[1 ! m =cible rem$ies _c be appli$ unto !e2 :]e=e1 = a :ile1 we w use ! m easy1 t ?y affections1 :i* are1 z x 71 h>d5$ & swoll5 ) p]turbations1 may by g5tle h&l+ be mollifi$ & dispos$ to receive ! =ce ( %>p] m$ic9es4 #ih ,hom4 ,il4 ii4 #bjd4 #ii ,cf4 ,cic]o1 ,pro domo sua4 #bi4 #gg4 ,,vi4 ,cum ,phoebi radiis graue ,cancri sidus inae/uat1 ,tum qui l>ga negantibus ,sulcis sem9a cr$idit1 ,elusus ,c]]is fide #e ,qu]nas p]gat ad arbores4 ,numquam purpureum nemus ,lecturus uiolas petas ,cum saeuis aquilonibus ,/rid5s campus inhorruit1 #aj ,nec qua]as auida manu ,v]nos /r+]e palmites1 ,vuis si libeat frui2 ,autumno potius sua ,bac*us mun]a contulit4 #ae ,signat tempora propriis ,aptans (ficiis deus ,nec quas ipse co]cuit ,misc]i patitur uices4 ,sic quod praecipiti uia #bj ,c]tum des]it ord9em ,laetos non habet exitus4 ,,vi4 ,:5 hot ) ,phoebus' beams ,! ,crab ca/s fi]y gleams1 ,he t do? !n ) se$ ,?'unwill+ furr[s fe$1 ,deceivd ( 8 bread ,mu/ be ) acorns f$4 ,seek n ! fl[]y woods ,= violets' sweet buds1 ,:5 fields are ov]ca/ ,) ! fi]ce nor!rn bla/1 ,nor hope ?\ home to br+ ,v9e-clu/]s 9 ! ,spr+ ,if ?\ 9 grapes delight3 ,9 autumn ,bac*us' might ,) !m do? deck our clime4 ,god e sev]al "t ,) prop] grace ha? cr[n$ ,nor w ^? laws conf\nd ,:i* ,he once settl$ ha?4 ,he t ) headlong pa? ,?is c]ta9 ord] leaves1 ,an hapless end receives4 ,,vi4 ,primum igitur pat]isne me pauculis rogationibus /atum tuae m5tis att+]e atque tempt>e1 ut qui modus sit tuae curationis intellegam8 ,tu u]o arbitratu1 inquam1 tuo quae uoles ut responsurum rogato4 ,tum illa3 ,hunc9e1 inquit1 mundum tem]>iis agi =tuitisque casibus putas1 an ullum cr$is ei regim5 inesse rationis8 ,atqui1 inquam1 nullo exi/imau]im modo ut =tuita tem]itate tam c]ta m\eantur1 u]um op]i suo conditorem praesid]e deum scio nec umquam fu]it dies qui me ab hac s5t5tiae u]itate depellat4 ,ita e/1 inquit4 ,nam id etiam paulo ante cec9i/i1 hom9esque tantum diu9ae exortes curae esse deplora/i4 ,nam de cet]is qu9 ratione reg]5tur1 nihil m\eb>e4 ,papae autem6 ,vehem5t] admiror cur 9 tam salubri s5t5tia locatus aegrotes4 ,v]um altius p]scrutemur2 nescio quid abesse coniecto4 ,s$ dic mihi1 quoniam deo mundum regi non ambigis1 quibus etiam gub]naculis regatur adu]tis8 ,vix1 inquam1 rogationis tuae s5t5tiam nosco1 n$um ad inquisita respond]e queam4 ,num me1 inquit1 fefellit abesse aliquid1 p] quod1 uelut hiante ualli robore1 9 animum tuum p]turbationum morbus inreps]it8 ,s$ dic mihi1 mem9i/9e1 quis sit r]um f9is1 qu\e totius naturae t5dat int5tio8 ,audi]am1 inquam1 s$ memoriam ma]or hebetauit4 ,atqui scis unde cuncta process]9t8 ,n\i1 inquam1 deumque esse respondi4 ,et qui fi]i pote/1 ut pr9cipio cognito quis sit r]um f9is ignores8 ,v]um hi p]turbationum mores1 ea ual5tia e/1 ut m\]e quidem loco hom9em poss9t1 conuell]e autem sibique totum ex/irp>e non poss9t4 ,s$ hoc quoque respondeas uelim1 hom9emne te esse mem9i/i8 ,quidni1 inquam1 mem9]im8 ,quid igitur homo sit1 pot]isne pr(]re8 ,hoc9e int]rogas an esse me sciam rationale animal atque mortale8 ,scio et id me esse confiteor4 ,et illa3 ,nihilne aliud te esse n\i/i8 ,nihil4 ,iam scio1 inquit1 morbi tui aliam uel maximam causam2 quid ipse sis1 nosse desi/i4 ,qu>e pl5issime uel aegritud9is tuae rationem uel aditum reconcili&ae sospitatis inu5i4 ,nam quoniam tui obliuione confund]is1 et exsulem te et exspoliatum propriis bonis esse dolui/i4 ,quoniam u]o quis sit r]um f9is ignoras1 nequam hom9es atque nef>ios pot5tes felicesque arbitr>is4 ,quoniam u]o quibus gub]naculis mundus regatur oblitus es1 has =tun>um uices ae/imas s9e rectore fluit>e--magnae non ad morbum modo u]um ad int]itum quoque causae4 ,s$ sospitatis auctori grates1 quod te nondum totum natura de/ituit4 ,habemus maximum tuae fomitem salutis u]am de mundi gub]natione s5t5tiam1 quod eam non casuum tem]itati s$ diu9ae rationi subditam cr$is4 ,nihil igitur p]timescas2 iam tibi ex hac m9ima sc9tillula uitalis calor inlux]it4 ,s$ quoniam firmioribus rem$iis nondum tempus e/ et eam m5tium con/at esse naturam1 ut quoti5s abiec]9t u]as falsis op9ionibus induantur ex quibus orta p]turbationum caligo u]um illum confundit intuitum1 hanc paulisp] l5ibus m$iocribusque fom5tis att5u>e temptabo1 ut dimotis fallacium affectionum t5ebris spl5dorem u]ae lucis possis agnosc]e4 ,,vi4 ,fir/1 !re=e1 wilt ?\ let me t\* & try ! /ate ( ?y m9d by ask+ !e a few que/ions1 t ,i may und]/& h[ ?\ art to be cur$8 ,to :i* ,i answ]$3 ,ask me :at que/ions ?\ wilt1 & ,i w answ] !e4 ,& !n %e said3 ,?9ke/ ?\ t ?is _w is gov]n$ by haphaz>d & *ance8 ,or r do/ ?\ believe t x is rul$ by reason8 ,i c1 quo? ,i1 9 no mann] imag9e t su* c]ta9 motions are caus$ by ra% *ance4 ,& ,i "k t ,god ! ,creator do? gov]n ,8 "w1 nor %all ! day ev] come to draw me f ! tru? ( t judgm5t4 ,x is s1 sai? %e1 = s ?\ said/ 9 ?y v]se a little be=e1 & bewail$/ t only m5 7 void ( ,god's c>e2 = z = ! re/1 ?\ did/ n d\bt b t !y 7 gov]n$ by reason4 ,& surely ,i _c *oose b exce$+ly admire h[ ?\ can/ be ill affect$1 hold+ s :olesome an op9ion4 ,b let u se>* fur!r2 ,i guess ?\ wante/ some?+1 b ,i "k n :at4 ,tell me1 s9ce ?\ d\bte/ n t ! _w is gov]n$ by ,god1 can/ ?\ tell me also by :at means x is gov]n$8 ,i d sc>cely1 quo? ,i1 und]/& :at ?\ aske/1 & mu* less am ,i able to make !e a suffici5t answ]4 ,0 ,i1 quo? %e1 deceiv$ 9 ?9k+ t ?\ want$/ some?+ by :i*1 z by ! brea* ( a =tress1 ! sickness ( p]turbations ha? ent]$ into ?y m9d8 ,b tell me1 do/ ?\ rememb] :at is ! end ( ?+s8 ,or to :at ! :ole int5tion ( nature t5de?8 ,i h he>d x1 quo? ,i1 b grief ha? dull$ my memory4 ,b kn[e/ ?\ f :5ce all ?+s _h _! beg9n+8 ,i "k1 quo? ,i1 & answ]$1 t f ,god4 ,& h[ c x be t1 kn[+ ! beg9n+1 ?\ can/ be ignorant ( ! end8 ,b ?is is ! condition & =ce ( p]turbations1 t !y may alt] a man1 b :olly de/roy1 & z x 7 root him out ( himself1 !y _c4 ,b ,i w\ld h !e answ] me to ?is also2 do/ ?\ rememb] t ?\ art a man8 ,:y %\ld ,i n rememb] x8 quo? ,i4 ,well !n1 can/ ?\ explicate :at man is8 ,do/ ?\ ask me if ,i "k t ,i am a reasonable & mortal liv+ creature8 ,i "k & confess myself to be s4 ,to :i* %e repli$3 ,do/ ?\ n "k ?yself to be any?+ else8 ,n any?+4 ,n[ ,i "k1 quo? %e1 ano!r1 & t p]haps ! greate/1 cause ( ?y sickness3 ?\ ha/ =gott5 :at ?\ art4 ,:]e=e ,i h fully f\nd out bo? ! mann] ( ?y disease & ! means ( ?y recov]y2 = ! confusion :i* ?\ art 91 by ! =getfulness ( ?yself1 is ! cause :y ?\ art s mu* griev$ at ?y exile & ! loss ( ?y goods4 ,& because ?\ art ignorant :at is ! end ( ?+s1 ?\ ?9ke/ t lewd & wick$ m5 be p[]ful & happy2 likewise1 because ?\ ha/ =gott5 by :at means ! _w is gov]n$1 ?\ imag9e/ t ^! alt]nations ( =tune d fall out )\t any guide1 suffici5t causes n only ( sickness1 b also ( dea? itself4 ,b ?anks be to ! au?or ( ?y heal?1 t ,nature ha? n altoge!r =sak5 !e4 ,we h ! greate/ n\ri%] ( ?y heal?1 ! true op9ion ( ! gov]nm5t ( ! _w1 9 t ?\ believe/ t x is n subject to ! ev5ts ( *ance1 b to div9e reason4 ,:]e=e fe> no?+2 out ( ?is little sp>kle w be enk9dl$ ?y vital heat4 ,b because x is n yet "t to use m solid rem$ies1 & x is manife/ t ! nature ( m9ds is su* t z (t5 z !y ca/ away true op9ions !y are possess$ ) false1 out ( :i* ! d>kness ( p]turbations aris+ do? make !m t !y _c disc]n ?+s aright1 ,i w endeav\r to dissolve ?is cl\d ) g5tle & mod]ate fom5tations2 t hav+ remov$ ! obscurity ( deceitful affections1 ?\ maye/ behold ! spl5d\r ( true light4 ,,vii4 ,nubibus atris ,condita nullum ,fund]e possunt ,sid]a lum54 ,si m>e uolu5s #e ,turbidus ,au/] ,misceat ae/um1 ,vitrea dudum ,p>que s]5is ,vnda diebus #aj ,mox resoluto ,sordida ca5o ,visibus ob/at4 ,quique uagatur ,montibus altis #ae ,defluus amnis1 ,saepe resi/it ,rupe soluti ,obice saxi4 ,tu quoque si uis #bj ,lum9e cl>o ,c]n]e u]um1 ,tramite recto ,c>p]e callem1 ,gaudia pelle1 #be ,pelle timorem ,spemque fugato ,nec dolor adsit4 ,nubila m5s e/ ,v9ctaque fr5is1 #cj ,haec ubi regnant4 ,,vii4 ,:5 />s are %r\d$ ,) dusky night1 ,!y yield no light ,be+ s cl\d$4 ,:5 ! w9d move? ,& *urne? ! sea1 ,! flood1 cle> z day1 ,f\l & d>k prove?4 ,& riv]s creep+ ,d[n a high hill ,/& (t5 /ill1 ,rocks !m back keep+4 ,if ?\ w\ld/ brightly ,see ,tru?'s cle> rays1 ,or walk ^? ways ,:i* lead mo/ rightly1 ,all joy =sak+ ,fe> mu/ ?\ fly1 ,& hopes defy1 ,no sorr[ tak+4 ,= :]e ^! t]rors ,reign 9 ! m9d1 ,!y x d b9d ,9 cl\dy errors4 ,,anicii ,,manlii ,,sev]9i ,,boe?ii ,v4,c4 ,,et ,,inl4 ,,excons4 ,,ord4 ,,patricii ,,philosophiae ,,consolationis ,,lib] ,,primvs ,,explicit ,,incipit ,,lib] ,,ii ,i4 ,po/ haec paulisp] obticuit atque ubi att5tionem meam mode/a taciturnitate collegit1 sic exorsa e/3 ,si p5itus aegritud9is tuae causas habitumque cognovi1 =tunae prioris affectu desid]ioque tabescis4 ,ea tantum animi tui sicuti tu tibi f+is mutata p]u]tit4 ,intellego multi=mes illius prodigii fucos et eo usque cum 8 quos elud]e nititur bl&issimam famili>itatem1 dum intol]abili dolore confundat quos insp]ata reliqu]it4 ,cuius si naturam mores ac m]itum rem9isc>e1 nec habuisse te 9 ea pul*rum aliquid nec amisisse cognosces1 s$ ut arbitror haud multum tibi haec 9 memoriam reuoc>e laborau]im4 ,solebas enim praes5tem quoque bl&i5temque uirilibus incess]e u]bis eamque de no/ro adyto prolatis insectab>e s5t5tiis4 ,v]um omnis subita mutatio r]um non s9e quodam quasi fluctu cont+it animorum2 sic factum e/ ut tu quoque paulisp] a tua tranquillitate descisc]es4 ,s$ tempus e/ haurire te aliquid ac degu/>e molle atque iucundum quod ad int]iora transmissum ualidioribus hau/ibus uiam fec]it4 ,adsit igitur ,rhetoricae suadela dulc$9is quae tum tantum recto calle proc$it1 cum no/ra in/ituta non des]it cumque hac ,musica l>is no/ri u]nacula nunc leuiores nunc grauiores modos succ9at4 ,quid e/ igitur o homo quod te 9 mae/itiam luctumque deiecit8 ,n\um1 cr$o1 aliquid inusitatumque uidi/i4 ,tu =tunam putas erga te esse mutatam2 erras4 ,hi semp] eius mores sunt i/a natura4 ,s]uauit circa te propriam potius 9 ipsa sui mutabilitate con/antiam4 ,talis erat cum bl&iebatur1 cum tibi falsae inlecebris felicitatis allud]et4 ,depreh5di/i caeci num9is ambiguos uultus4 ,quae sese adhuc uelat aliis1 tota tibi prorsus innotuit4 ,si probas1 ut]e moribus2 ne qu]>is4 ,si p]fidiam p]horrescis1 sp]ne atque abice p]niciosa lud5tem4 ,nam quae nunc tibi e/ tanti causa ma]oris1 haec eadem tranquillitatis esse debuisset1 ,reliquit enim te quam non relicturam nemo umquam pot]it esse securus4 ,an u]o tu pretiosam ae/imas abituram felicitatem8 ,et c>a tibi e/ =tuna praes5s nec man5di fida et cum discess]it adlatura ma]orem4 ,quod si nec ex arbitrio ret9]i pote/ et calamitosos fugi5s facit1 quid e/ aliud fugax quam futurae quoddam calamitatis indicium8 ,neque enim quod ante oculos situm e/1 suffec]it intu]i2 r]um exitus prud5tia metitur eademque 9 alt]utro mutabilitas nec =mid&as =tunae m9as nec exopt&as facit esse bl&itias4 ,po/remo aequo animo tol]es oportet quidquid intra =tunae aream g]itur1 cum semel iugo eius colla submis]is4 ,quod si man5di abeundique scrib]e legem uelis ei quam tu tibi dom9am sponte legi/i1 nonne iniurius fu]is et inpati5tia sortem exac]bes quam p]mut>e non possis8 ,si u5tis uela committ]es1 non quo uoluntas pet]et s$ quo flatus impell]5t1 prom\]es2 si aruis sem9a cr$]es1 f]aces int] se annos /]ilesque p5s>es4 ,=tunae te reg5dum d$i/i2 dom9ae moribus oportet obtemp]es4 ,tu u]o uolu5tis rotae impetum ret9]e con>is8 ,at1 omnium mortalium /olidissime1 si man]e incipit1 =s esse desi/it4 ,,! ,,second ,,book ,,( ,,boe?ius ,i4 ,aft] ?is %e rema9$ sil5t = a :ile2 &1 hav+ by t h] mode/y made me att5tive1 began 9 ?is wise3 ,if ,i be rightly in=m$ ( ! causes & condition ( ?y disease1 ?\ langui%e/ ) ! affection ( ?y =m] =tune1 & ! *ange ( t alone1 z ?\ imag9e/1 ha? ov]?r[n s mu* ( ?y m9d4 ,i "k ! manifold illusions ( t mon/]1 ex]cis+ mo/ allur+ famili>ity ) !m :om %e meane? to deceive1 to ! end %e may conf\nd !m ) intol]able grief1 by =sak+ !m ^u ! sudd51 ^: nature1 cu/oms1 & des]t1 if ?\ rememb]e/1 ?\ %alt "k t ?\ nei!r did/ possess nor ha/ lo/ any?+ ( e/imation 9 x2 &1 z ,i hope1 ,i %all n ne$ to lab\r mu* to br+ ^! ?+s to ?y remembrance1 = ?\ w]t wont1 :5 %e 0 pres5t1 & flatt]$ !e mo/1 to assail h] ) manful words1 & pursue h] ) s5t5ces tak5 =? ( our mo/ hidd5 k4 ,b e sudd5 *ange ( ?+s happ5e? n )\t a c]ta9 wav]+ & disquietness ( m9d4 ,& ?is is ! cause t ?\ also = a :ile ha/ lo/ ?y =m] tranquillity & peace4 ,b x is "t = !e to take & ta/e "s g5tle & pleasant ?+ :i* be+ receiv$ may prep>e !e = /rong] potions4 ,:]e=e let u use ! sweetness ( ,rhetoric's p]suasions1 :i* !n only is well employ$ :5 x =sake? n our ord9ances2 & ) ?is1 let ,music1 a little slave belong+ to our h\se1 *ant sometime light] & sometime sadd] notes4 ,:]e=e1 ,o man1 :at is x t ha? ca/ !e into sorr[ & grief8 ,?\ ha/1 me?9ks1 se5 some?+ new & unwont$4 ,if ?\ ?9ke/ t =tune ha? alt]$ h] mann] ( proce$+ t[>d !e1 ?\ art 9 an error4 ,?is 0 alway h] fa%ion2 ?is is h] nature4 ,%e ha? kept t con/ancy 9 ?y affairs :i* is prop] to h]1 9 be+ mutable2 su* 0 h] condition :5 %e fawn$ ^u !e & allur$ !e ) enticem5ts ( feign$ happ9ess4 ,?\ ha/ discov]$ ! d\btful looks ( ?is bl9d goddess4 ,%e1 :i* conceale? h]self f o!rs1 is :olly kn[n to !e4 ,if ?\ like/ h]1 frame ?yself to h] conditions1 & make no compla9t4 ,if ?\ dete/e/ h] trea*]y1 despise & ca/ h] (f1 ) h] p]nici\s flatt]y4 ,= t :i* ha? caus$ !e s mu* sorr[ %\ld h br\ght !e to great tranquillity4 ,= %e ha? =sak5 !e1 ( :om no man c be secure4 ,do/ ?\ e/eem t happ9ess preci\s :i* ?\ art to lose8 ,& is ! pres5t =tune de> unto !e1 ( ^: /ay ?\ art n sure1 & ^: dep>ture w bre$ ?y grief8 ,& if %e c nei!r be kept at our w1 & make? !m mis]able :om %e at la/ leave?1 :at else is fickle =tune b a tok5 ( future calamity8 ,= x is n suffici5t to behold t :i* we h be=e our eyes2 wisdom pond]e? ! ev5t ( ?+s1 & ?is mutability on bo? sides make? ! ?reats ( =tune n to be fe>$1 nor h] flatt]+s to be desir$4 ,f9ally1 ?\ mu/ take 9 good "p :atsoev] happ5e? unto !e )9 ! rea* ( =tune1 :5 once ?\ ha/ submitt$ ?y neck to h] yoke4 ,& if to h] :om1 ( ?9e own accord1 ?\ ha/ *os5 = ?y mi/ress1 ?\ w\lde/ prescribe a law h[ long %e 7 to /ay1 & :5 to dep>t1 %\ld/ ?\ n d h] mighty wrong1 & ) ?y impati5ce make ?y e/ate m intol]able1 :i* ?\ can/ n bett]8 ,if ?\ sette/ up ?y sails to ! w9d1 ?\ %alt be c>ri$ n :i!r ?y w desire/1 b :i!r ! gale drive?4 ,if ?\ s[e/ ?y se$1 ?\ consid]e/ t !re are z well b>r5 z f]tile ye>s4 ,?\ ha/ yield$ ?yself to =tune's sway2 ?\ mu/ be cont5t ) ! conditions ( ?y mi/ress4 ,endeav\re/ ?\ to /ay ! =ce ( ! turn+ :eel8 ,b ?\ fooli%e/ man t ev] 01 if x beg9ne? to /ay1 x cease? to be =tune4 ,i4 ,haec cum sup]ba u]t]it uices dextra ,et ae/uantis m f]tur ,euripi1 ,dudum trem5dos saeua prot]it reges ,humilemque uicti subleuat fallax uultum4 ,non illa mis]os audit aut curat fletus #e ,vltroque gemitus dura quos fecit ridet4 ,sic illa ludit1 sic suas probat uires ,magnumque suis demon/rat #ajj o/5tum1 si quis ,visatur una /ratus ac felix hora4 #ajj mon/rat codd4 ,i ,! pride ( fickle =tune sp>e? none1 ,&1 l ! floods ( swift ,euripus borne1 #aja ,(t ca/e? mighty pr9ces f _! ?rone1 ,& (t ! abject captive do? adorn4 ,%e c>es n = ! wret*'s te>s & moan1 ,& ! sad groans1 :i* %e ha? caus$1 do? scorn4 ,?us do? %e play1 to make h] p[] m kn[n1 ,%[+ h] slaves a m>vel1 :5 man's /ate ,is 9 "o h\r bo? d[nca/ & =tunate4 #aja ,lit]ally1 ,:5 =tune ) pr\d "r h& plies h] *anges & ebbs & fl[s l foam+ ,euripus4 ,euripus 0 prov]bial = irregul> tides4 ,,ii4 ,vellem autem pauca tecum =tunae ipsius u]bis agit>e4 ,tu igitur an ius po/ulet1 animadu]te4 ',quid tu homo ream me cotidianis agis qu]elis8 ,quam tibi fecimus iniuriam8 ,quae tua tibi detraximus bona8 ,qu\is iudice de opum dignitatumque mecum possessione cont5de4 ,et si cuiusquam mortalium proprium quid horum esse mon/rau]is1 ego iam tua fuisse quae repetis1 sponte conc$am4 ,cum te matris ut]o natura produxit1 nudum rebus omnibus inopemque suscepi1 meis opibus f\i et quod te nunc inpati5tem no/ri facit1 fauore prona indulg5tius educaui1 omnium quae mei iuris sunt afflu5tia et spl5dore circumd$i4 ,nunc mihi retrah]e manum libet4 ,habes gratiam uelut usus ali5is1 non habes ius qu]elae tamquam prorsus tua p]did]is4 ,quid igitur +emiscis8 ,nulla tibi a nobis e/ allata uiol5tia4 ,opes honores cet]aque talium mei sunt iuris4 ,dom9am famulae cognoscunt2 mecum u5iunt1 me abeunte disc$unt4 ,audact] adfirmem1 si tua =5t quae amissa conqu]]is nullo modo p]didisses4 ,an ego sola meum ius ex]c]e prohibebor8 ,licet caelo pr(]re lucidos dies eosdemque t5ebrosis noctibus cond]e4 ,licet anno t]rae uultum nunc floribus frugibusque r$imire1 nunc nimbis frigoribusque confund]e4 ,ius e/ m>i nunc /rato aequore bl&iri1 nunc procellis ac fluctibus inhorresc]e4 ,nos ad con/antiam no/ris moribus ali5am inexpleta hom9um cupiditas alligabit8 ,haec no/ra uis e/1 hunc cont9uum ludum ludimus2 rotam uolubili orbe u]samus1 infima summis summa infimis mut>e gaudemus4 ,asc5de si placet1 s$ ea lege ne utique#ajb cum ludicri mei ratio poscet1 desc5d]e iniuriam putes4 ,an tu mores ignorabas meos8 ,nesciebas ,croesum regem ,lydorum ,cyro paulo ante =midabilem mox de9de mis]&um rogi flammis traditum misso caelitus imbre def5sum8 ,num te praet]it ,paulum ,p]si regis a se capti calamitatibus pias inp5disse lacrimas8 ,quid trago$i>um clamor aliud deflet nisi indiscreto ictu =tunam felicia regna u]t5tem8 ,nonne adulesc5tulus ,greek3 doi\s pi?\s ton m5 h5a kakon ton d'het]on eaon 9 ,i\is lim9e iac]e didici/i8 ,quid si ub]ius de bonorum p>te sumpsi/i8 ,quid si a te non tota discessi8 ,quid si haec ipsa mei mutabilitas iu/a tibi causa e/ sp]&i meliora8 ,tam5 ne animo contabescas et intra commune omnibus regnum locatus proprio uiu]e iure desid]es4 #ajb utique ,klussmann2 uti codd4 ,,ii ,b ,i w\ld urge !e a little ) ,=tune's own spee*es4 ,:]e=e consid] ?\ if %e aske? n reason4 ',= :at cause1 ,o man1 *>ge/ ?\ me ) daily compla9ts8 ,:at injury h ,i done !e8 ,:at goods ( ?9e h ,i tak5 f !e8 ,cont5d ) me be=e any judge ab\t ! possession ( ri*es & dignities2 & if ?\ can/ %[ t ! propriety ( any ( ^! ?+s belong to any mortal wight1 ,i w =?) will+ly grant t ^? ?+s :i* ?\ dem&e/ 7 ?9e4 ,:5 ,nature produc$ !e out ( ?y "m's womb1 ,i receiv$ !e nak$ & poor 9 all respects1 *]i%$ !e ) my weal?1 & 7:i* make? !e n[ to fall out ) me7 be+ =w>d to fav\r !e1 ,i _h mo/ t5d] c>e = ?y education1 & adorn$ !e ) ! abundance & spl5d\r ( all ?+s :i* are 9 my p[]4 ,n[ x please? me to )draw my h&1 yield ?anks1 z "o t ha? _h ! use ( t :i* 0 n 8 own4 ,?\ ha/ no j cause to compla91 z ?\gh ?\ had/ lo/ t :i* 0 fully ?9e own4 ,:]e=e lam5te/ ?\8 ,i h (f]$ !e no viol5ce4 ,ri*es1 hon\rs1 & ! re/ ( t sort belong to me4 ,!y ackn[l$ge me = _! mi/ress1 & !mselves = my s]vants1 !y come ) me1 & :5 ,i g away !y likewise dep>t4 ,i may boldly affirm1 if ^? ?+s :i* ?\ compla9e/ to be tak5 f !e _h be5 ?9e own1 ?\ %\ld/ nev] h lo/ !m4 ,mu/ ,i only be =bidd5 to use my "r8 ,x is lawful = ! heav5 to br+ =? fair days1 & to hide !m aga9 9 d>ksome nights4 ,x is lawful = ! ye> sometime to compass ! face ( ! e>? ) fl[]s & fruits1 & sometime to cov] x ) cl\ds & cold4 ,! sea ha? "r sometime to fawn ) calms1 & sometime to fr[n ) /orms & waves4 ,& %all ! insatiable desire ( m5 tie me to con/ancy1 s contr>y to my cu/om8 ,?is is my =ce1 ?is is ! sport :i* ,i cont9ually use4 ,i turn ab\t my :eel ) spe$1 & take a pleasure to turn ?+s upside d[n4 ,asc5d1 if ?\ wilt1 b ) ?is condition1 t ?\ ?9ke/ x n an injury to desc5d :5 ! c\rse ( my sport s require?4 ,did/ ?\ n "k my fa%ion8 ,w]t ?\ ignorant h[ ,croesus1 ,k+ ( ! ,lydians1 n long be=e a t]ror to ,cyrus1 )9 a :ile aft] came to su* mis]y t he %\ld h be5 burnt _h he n be5 sav$ by a %[] s5t f heav58#ajc ,ha/ ?\ =gott5 h[ ,paul pi\sly bewail$ ! calamities ( ,k+ ,p]ses 8 prison]8#ajd ,:at o!r ?+ do? ! outcry ( trag$ies lam5t1 b t =tune1 hav+ no respect1 ov]turne? happy /ates8 ,did/ ?\ n le>n 9 ?y y\? t !re lay two b>rels1 ! "o ( good ?+s & ! o!r ( bad1#aje at ,jupit]'s ?re%old8 ,b :at if ?\ ha/ ta/$ m abundantly ( ! good8 ,:at if ,i be n :olly gone f !e8 ,:at if ?is mutability ( m9e be a j cause = !e to hope = bett]8 ,not)/&+1 lose n ?y c\rage1 &1 liv+ 9 a k+dom :i* is common to all m51 desire n to be gov]n$ by peculi> laws prop] only to ?yself4 #ajc ,cf4 ,h]od1 i4 #hg4 #ajd ,cf4 ,livy xlv4 #h4 ,paul,aemilius ,paulus surnam$ ,mac$onius = 8 defeat ( ,p]ses la/ k+ ( ,mac$onia 9 #afh ,b4,c4 #aje ,il4 xxiv4 #ebg4 ,,ii4 ,si quantas rapidis flatibus incitus ,pontus u]sat h>5as ,aut quot /ellif]is edita noctibus ,caelo sid]a fulg5t ,tantas fundat opes nec retrahat manum #e ,pl5o copia cornu1 ,humanum mis]as haud ideo g5us ,cesset fl]e qu]ellas4 ,quamuis uota lib5s excipiat deus ,multi prodigus auri #aj ,et cl>is auidos ornet honoribus1 ,nil iam p>ta uid5tur1 ,s$ quaesita uorans saeua rapacitas ,altos#ajf p&it hiatus4 ,quae iam praecipitem fr5a cupid9em #ae ,c]to f9e ret5t5t1 ,l>gis cum potius mun]ibus flu5s ,sitis ardescit hab5di8 ,numquam diues agit qui trepidus gem5s ,sese cr$it eg5tem4' #bj #ajf altos vulg42 alios codd4 opt4 ,,ii4 ,if ,pl5ty z mu* weal? %\ld give1 ne'er hold+ back h] h&1 ,z ! swift w9ds 9 tr\bl$ seas d toss up heaps ( s&1 ,or z ! />s 9 lightsome nights %9e =? on heav5's face1 ,yet wret*$ m5 w\ld /ill accuse _! mis]able case4 ,%\ld ,god1 too lib]al ( ,8 gold1 _! gre$y wi%es he>1 ,& ) bright hon\r !m adorn2 yet all t no?+ 71 ,s9ce rav5\s m9ds1 dev\r+ all1 = m are ready /ill4 ,:at bridle c conta9 9 b\nds ?is _! cont5tless w1 ,:5 fill$ ) ri*es !y reta9 ! ?ir/ ( hav+ m8 ,he is n ri* t fe>s & grieves1 & c\nts himself b poor4' ,,iii4 ,8 igitur si pro se tecum =tuna loqu]etur1 quid pr(ecto contra hisc]es non hab]es1 aut si quid e/ quo qu]elam tuam iure tue>is1 pr(]as oportet4 ,dabimus dic5di locum4 ,tum ego3 ,speciosa quidem i/a sunt1 inquam1 oblitaque ,rhetoricae ac ,musicae melle dulc$9is2 tum tantum1 cum audiuntur1 oblectant4 ,s$ mis]is malorum altior s5sus e/4 ,itaque cum haec auribus inson>e desi]9t1 insitus animum ma]or praegrauat4 ,et illa3 ,ita e/1 inquit4 ,haec enim nondum morbi tui rem$ia s$ adhuc contumacis adu]sum curationem doloris fom5ta qua$am sunt4 ,nam quae 9 pr(undum sese p5etr5t1 cum tempe/iuum fu]it adm\ebo4 ,v]umtam5 ne te exi/im>i mis]um uelis1 an num]um modumque tuae felicitatis oblitus es8 ,taceo quod desolatum p>5te summorum te uirorum cura suscepit delectusque 9 aff9itatem pr9cipum ciuitatis1 quod pretiosissimum prop9quitatis g5us e/1 prius c>us quam proximus esse coepi/i4 ,quis non te felicissimum cum tanto spl5dore soc]orum1 cum coniugis pudore1 cum masculae quoque prolis opportunitate pra$icauit8 ,praet]eo1 libet enim praet]ire communia1 sumptas 9 adulesc5tia negatas s5ibus dignitates2 ad s+ul>em felicitatis tuae cumulum u5ire delectat4 ,si quis r]um mortalium fructus ullum beatitud9is pondus habet1 pot]itne illius memoria lucis quantalibet +ru5tium malorum mole del]i1 cum duos p>it] consules lib]os tuos domo pr\ehi sub frequ5tia patrum1 sub plebis alacritate uidi/i1 cum eisdem 9 curia curules insid5tibus tu regiae laudis orator +5ii gloriam facundiaeque m]ui/i1 cum 9 circo duorum m$ius consulum circumfusae multitud9is expectationem triumphali l>gitione satia/i8 ,d$i/i ut op9or u]ba =tunae1 dum te illa demulcet1 dum te ut delicias suas f\et4 ,munus quod nulli umquam priuato commodau]at ab/uli/i4 ,visne igitur cum =tuna calculum pon]e8 ,nunc te primum liu5ti oculo prae/r9xit4 ,si num]um modumque laetorum tri/iumue consid]es1 adhuc te felicem neg>e non possis4 ,quod si idcirco te =tunatum esse non ae/imas1 quoniam quae tunc laeta uidebantur abi]unt1 non e/ quod te mis]um putes1 quoniam quae nunc cr$untur mae/a praet]eunt4 ,an tu 9 hanc uitae sca5am nunc primum subitus hospesque u5i/i8 ,vllamne humanis rebus inesse con/antiam r]is1 cum ipsum saepe hom9em uelox hora dissoluat8 ,nam etsi r>a e/ =tuitis man5di fides1 ultimus tam5 uitae dies mors qua$am =tunae e/ etiam man5tis4 ,quid igitur ref]re putas1 tune illam mori5do des]as an te illa fugi5do8 ,,iii4 ,:]e=e if =tune %\ld plead ) !e ?us 9 h] own def5ce1 d\btless ?\ w\ld/ n h a ^w to answ] h]4 ,b if !re be any?+ :i* ?\ can/ allege 9 ?y own def5ce1 ?\ mu/ utt] x4 ,we w give !e full lib]ty to speak4 ,!n ,i said3 ,^! ?+s make a fair %[ &1 be+ set out ) pleasant rhetoric & music1 delight only s long z !y are he>d4 ,b ^? :i* are mis]able h a deep] feel+ ( _! mis]ies4 ,!re=e1 :5 ! s\nd ( ^! ?+s is pa/1 hidd5 sorr[ oppresse? ! m9d4 ,x is s inde$1 quo? %e1 = ^! be n ! rem$ies ( ?y disease1 b c]ta9 fom5tations to assuage ?y grief1 :i* z yet resi/e? all cure4 ,b :5 x %all be "t1 ,i w apply t :i* %all pi]ce to ! quick4 ,& yet !re is no cause :y ?\ %\ld/ ?9k ?yself mis]able4 ,ha/ ?\ =gott5 h[ _m ways1 & 9 :at degree ?\ art happy8 ,i pass ov] ) sil5ce t1 hav+ lo/ ?y fa!r1 ?\ w]t provid$ = by m5 ( ! be/ sort1 &1 be+ *os5 to h aff9ity ) ! *iefe/ ( ! city1 ?\ beganne/ soon] to be de> unto !m ?an to be ak91 :i* is ! mo/ excell5t k9d ( k9dr$4 ,:o e/eem$ !e n mo/ happy1 hav+ s noble a fa!r-9-law1 s *a/e a wife1 & s noble sons8 ,i say no?+ 7= ,i w n speak ( ord9>y matt]s7 ( ! dignities d5i$ to o!rs 9 _! age1 & grant$ to !e 9 ?y y\?4 ,i desire to come to ! s+ul> top ( ?y felicity4 ,if any fruit ( mortal ?+s ha? any weight ( happ9ess1 c ! remembrance ( t light be de/roy$ ) any cl\d ( mis]ies t c ov]ca/ !e8 ,:5 ?\ saw/ ?y two sons be+ bo? ,consuls toge!r c>ri$ f _! h\se1 ! ,s5ators accompany+ !m1 & ! p rejoic+ ) !m2 :51 !y sitt+ 9 ! ,s5ate 9 _! *airs ( /ate1 ?\ mak+ an oration 9 ! ,k+'s praise des]v$/ ! glory ( wit & eloqu5ce4 ,:5 9 public assembly1 ?\1 /&+ betwixt ?y two sons1 did/ satisfy ) ?y triumphant lib]ality ! expectation ( ! multitudes ga!r$ toge!r1 ,i suppose ?\ flatt]$/ =tune1 :ile %e fawn$ ?us ^u !e1 z h] de>e/ fri5d4 ,?\ obta9$/ m at h] h&s ?an ev] private man _h be=e !e4 ,wilt ?\ !n reckon ) =tune8 ,?is is ! fir/ "t t ev] %e fr[n$ ^u !e4 ,if ?\ consid]e/ ! numb] & measure ( ?y joyful & sad accid5ts1 ?\ can/ n *oose b ?9k ?yself =tunate hi!rto2 & if ?\ e/eeme/ n ?yself =tunate because ^? ?+s :i* seem$ joyful are pa/1 !re is no cause :y ?\ %\ld/ ?9k ?yself mis]able1 s9ce ^? ?+s :i* ?\ n[ take/ to be sorr[ful d pass4 ,come/ ?\ n[ fir/ z a pilgrim & /rang] into ! !atre ( ?is life8 ,suppose/ ?\ to f9d any con/ancy 9 human affairs1 s9ce t man himself is soon gone8 ,= al?\gh ?+s subject to =tune seldom keep t\* 9 /ay+1 yet ! end ( life is a c]ta9 dea?1 ev5 ( t =tune :i* rema9e?4 ,:]e=e1 :at matt] is x :e!r ?\ by dy+ leave/ x1 or x =sake? !e by fly+8 ,,iii4 ,cum polo ,phoebus roseis quadrigis ,lucem sp>g]e coep]it1 ,pallet alb5tes hebetata uultus ,flammis /ella prem5tibus4 ,cum nemus flatu ,zephyri tep5tis #e ,v]nis inrubuit rosis1 ,spiret insanum nebulosus ,au/]3 ,iam sp9is abeat decus4 ,saepe tranquillo radiat s]5o ,immotis m>e fluctibus1 #aj ,saepe f]u5tes ,aquilo procellas ,v]so concitat aequore4 ,r>a si con/at sua =ma mundo1 ,si tantas u>iat uices1 ,cr$e =tunis hom9um caducis1 #ae ,bonis cr$e fugacibus4 ,con/at aet]na positumque lege e/ ,vt con/et g5itum nihil4 ,,iii4 ,:5 ,phoebus ) 8 rosy team ,%[e? 8 lightsome beam1 ,! dull & d>k5$ />s retire ,yield+ to great] fire4 ,:5 ,zephyrus 8 w>m? do? br+1 ,sweet roses deck ! spr+2 ,let noisome ,au/] bl[ apace1 ,plants soon w lose _! grace4 ,! sea ha? (t5 quiet /ood ,) an unmov$ flood1 ,& (t5 is turmoil$ ) waves1 ,:5 boi/]\s ,boreas raves4 ,if ?us ! _w nev] long t>ry ,! same1 b (t5 v>y1 ,on fad+ =tunes !n rely1 ,tru/ to ^? goods t fly4 ,an ev]la/+ law is made1 ,t all ?+s born %all fade4 ,,iv4 ,tum ego3 ,v]a1 inquam1 commemoras1 o uirtutum omnium nutrix1 nec infiti>i possum prosp]itatis meae uelocissimum cursum4 ,s$ hoc e/ quod recol5tem uehem5tius coquit4 ,nam 9 omni adu]sitate =tunae infelicissimum e/ g5us in=tunii fuisse felicem4 ,s$ quod tu1 inquit1 falsae op9ionis supplicium luas1 id rebus iure imput>e non possis4 ,nam si te hoc inane nom5 =tuitae felicitatis m\et1 quam pluribus maximisque abundes mecum reputes licet4 ,igitur si quod 9 omni =tunae tuae c5su pretiosissimum possidebas1 id tibi diu9itus inlaesum adhuc inuiolatumque s]uatur1 pot]isne meliora quaeque ret95s de in=tunio iure caus>i8 ,atqui uiget incolumis illud pretiosissimum g5]is humani decus ,symma*us soc] et quod uitae pretio non segnis em]es1 uir totus ex sapi5tia uirtutibusque factus su>um securus tuis +emiscit iniuriis4 ,viuit uxor +5io mode/a1 pudicitia pudore praecell5s et1 ut omnes eius dotes breuit] includam1 patri similis4 ,viuit inquam tibique tantum uitae huius exosa spiritum s]uat quoque uno felicitatem m9ui tuam uel ipsa concess]im1 tui desid]io lacrimis ac dolore tabescit4 ,quid dicam lib]os consul>es quorum iam1 ut 9 id aetatis pu]is1 uel pat]ni uel auiti specim5 elucet +5ii8 ,cum igitur praecipua sit mortalibus uitae cura ret95dae1 o te si tua bona cognoscas felicem1 cui suppetunt etiam nunc quae uita nemo dubitat esse c>iora6 ,qu>e sicca iam lacrimas4 ,nondum e/ ad unum omnes exosa =tuna nec tibi nimium ualida tempe/as incubuit1 qu&o t5aces ha]5t ancorae quae nec praes5tis solam5 nec futuri spem temporis abesse patiantur4 ,et ha]eant1 inquam1 precor2 illis namque man5tibus1 utcumque se res habeant1 enatabimus4 ,s$ quantum ornam5tis no/ris decess]it1 uides4 ,et illa3 ,prom\imus1 inquit1 aliquantum1 si te nondum totius tuae sortis piget4 ,s$ delicias tuas f]re non possum qui abesse aliquid tuae beatitud9i tam luctuosus atque anxius conqu]>is4 ,quis e/ enim tam conpositae felicitatis ut non aliqua ex p>te cum /atus sui qualitate rixetur8 ,anxia enim res e/ humanorum condicio bonorum et quae uel numquam tota pr\5iat uel numquam p]petua subsi/at4 ,huic c5sus exub]at1 s$ e/ pudori deg5] sanguis2 hunc nobilitas notum facit1 s$ angu/ia rei famili>is inclusus esse mallet ignotus4 ,ille utroque circumfluus uitam caelibem deflet2 ille nuptiis felix orbus lib]is ali5o c5sum nutrit h]$i4 ,alius prole laetatus filii filiaeue delictis mae/us inlacrimat4 ,idcirco nemo facile cum =tunae suae condicione concordat2 ine/ enim s+ulis quod inexp]tus ignoret1 exp]tus exhorreat4 ,adde quod felicissimi cuiusque delicatissimus s5sus e/ et nisi ad nutum cuncta suppetant1 omnis adu]sitatis insol5s m9imis quibusque pro/]nitur2 adeo p]exigua sunt quae =tunatissimis beatitud9is summam detrahunt4 ,quam multos esse coniectas qui sese caelo proximos arbitr5tur1 si de =tunae tuae reliquiis p>s eis m9ima cont+at8 ,hic ipse locus quem tu exilium uocas1 incol5tibus patria e/2 adeo nihil e/ mis]um nisi cum putes contraque beata sors omnis e/ aequanimitate tol]antis4 ,quis e/ ille tam felix qui cum d$]it inpati5tiae manus1 /atum suum mut>e non optet8 ,quam multis am>itud9ibus humanae felicitatis dulc$o resp]sa e/6 ,quae si etiam fru5ti iucunda esse uideatur1 tam5 quo m9us cum uelit abeat ret9]i non possit4 ,liquet igitur quam sit mortalium r]um mis]a beatitudo quae nec apud aequanimos p]petua p]durat necanxios tota delectat4 ,quid igitur o mortales extra petitis intra uos positam felicitatem8 ,error uos inscitiaque confundit4 ,o/5dam breuit] tibi summae c>d9em felicitatis4 ,e/ne aliquid tibi te ipso pretiosius8 ,nihil inquies4 ,igitur si tui compos fu]is1 possidebis quod nec tu amitt]e umquam uelis nec =tuna possit auf]re4 ,atque ut agnoscas 9 8 =tuitis rebus beatitud9em con/>e non posse1 sic collige4 ,si beatitudo e/ summum naturae bonum ratione deg5tis nec e/ summum bonum quod eripi ullo modo pote/1 quoniam praecellit id quod nequeat auf]ri1 manife/um e/ quoniam#ajg ad beatitud9em p]cipi5dam =tunae in/abilitas adspir>e non possit4 ,ad haec quem caduca i/a felicitas uehit uel scit eam uel nescit esse mutabilem4 ,si nescit1 qua5am beata sors esse pote/ ignorantiae caecitate8 ,si scit1 metuat necesse e/1 ne amittat quod amitti posse non dubitat2 qu>e cont9uus timor non s9it esse felicem4 ,an uel si amis]it1 negleg5dum putat8 ,sic quoque p]exile bonum e/ quod aequo animo f]atur amissum4 ,et quoniam tu idem es cui p]suasum atque insitum p]multis demon/rationibus scio m5tes hom9um nullo modo esse mortales cumque cl>um sit =tuitam felicitatem corporis morte f9iri1 dubit>i nequit1 si haec aff]re beatitud9em pote/1 qu9 omne mortalium g5us 9 mis]iam mortis f9e labatur4 ,quod si multos scimus beatitud9is fructum non morte solum u]um etiam doloribus suppliciisque quaesisse1 quonam modo praes5s fac]e beatos pote/ quae mis]os transacta non efficit8 #ajg qu9 codices4 ,,iv4 ,to :i* ,i answ]$3 ,! ?+s :i* ?\ reporte/ are true1 ,o nurse ( all virtues1 & ,i _c d5y ! mo/ spe$y c\rse ( my prosp]ity4 ,b ?is is t :i* vexe? me mo/1 :5 ,i rememb] x4 ,= 9 all adv]sity ( =tune x is ! mo/ unhappy k9d ( mis=tune to h be5 happy4 ,b1 quo? %e1 ?\ can/ n ju/ly impute to ! ?+s !mselves t ?\ art puni%$ = ?y false op9ion4 ,= if ?is va9 "n ( casual felicity move? !e1 let u make accompt ) h[ _m & h[ great ?+s ?\ ab\nde/4 ,:]e=e1 if t :i* 9 all ?y rev5ues ( =tune ?\ e/eeme/ mo/ preci\s do? /ill by ,god's provid5ce rema9 safe & unt\*$1 can/ ?\1 reta9+ ! be/1 ju/ly compla9 ( mis=tune8 ,b ?y fa!r-9-law1 ,symma*us 7t mo/ excell5t ornam5t ( mank9d7 live? 9 safety1 & = ! obta9+ ( :i* ?\ w\ld/ will+ly sp5d ?y life1 t man :olly fram$ to wisdom & virtues1 be+ secure ( 8 own1 m\rne? = ?y injuries4 ,?y wife live?1 mode/ 9 disposition1 em95t 9 *a/ity1 &1 to rehe>se briefly all h] excell5t gifts1 l h] fa!r4 ,%e live?1 ,i say1 & we>y ( h] life res]ve? h] brea? only = !e4 ,9 :i* alone ev5 ,i mu/ grant t ?y felicity is dim9i%$1 %e consume? h]self ) te>s & grief = ?y sake4 ,:at %\ld ,i speak ( ?y *ildr51 :i* h be5 ,consuls1 9 :om already1 z 9 *ildr5 ( t age1 _! fa!r's or gr&fa!r's good disposition appe>e?8 ,:]e=e1 s9ce ! greate/ c>e t mortal m5 h is to save _! lives1 ,o happy man t ?\ art1 if ?\ kn[e/ ?9e own weal?1 :o /ill ha/ rema9+ ^? ?+s :i* no man d\bte? to be de>] ?an life itself8 ,& !re=e cease weep+4 ,=tune ha? n hi!rto %[$ h] hatr$ aga9/ y all1 nei!r art ?\ assail$ ) too boi/]\s a /orm1 s9ce ^? an*ors hold fa/ :i* p]mit nei!r ! com=t ( ! "t pres5t nor ! hope ( ! "t to come to be want+4 ,& ,i pray ,god1 quo? ,i1 t !y may hold fa/1 = s long z !y rema91 h[soev] ! _w goe? we %all escape dr[n+4 ,b ?\ see/ h[ great a "p ( our ornam5ts is lo/4 ,we h gott5 a little gr\nd1 quo? %e1 if ?y :ole e/ate be n irksome unto !e4 ,b ,i _c suff] ?y da9t9ess1 :o ) su* lam5tation & anxiety compla9e? t some?+ is want+ to ?y happ9ess4 ,= :o ha? s entire happ9ess t he is n 9 "s "p (f5d$ ) ! condition ( 8 e/ate8 ,! nature ( human felicity is d\btful & unc]ta91 & is nei!r ev] :olly obta9$1 or nev] la/e? always4 ,"o man ha? great rev5ues1 b is contemn$ = 8 base l9eage4 ,ano!r's nobility make? him kn[n1 b1 oppress$ ) p5ury1 _h r be unkn[n4 ,"s1 ab\nd+ ) bo?1 bewail _! life )\t m>riage4 ,"s o!r1 well m>ri$ b want+ *ildr51 provide? ri*es = /rang]s to inh]it4 ,o!rs1 f9ally1 hav+ *ildr51 m\rnfully bewail ! vices :i* _! sons or daught]s are giv5 to4 ,s t sc>ce any man is pleas$ ) ! condition ( 8 =tune4 ,= !re is some?+ 9 e e/ate1 :i* )\t exp]i5ce is n kn[n1 & be+ exp]i5c$ do? mole/ & tr\ble4 ,besides t1 ^? :i* are mo/ happy are mo/ s5sible1#ajh & unless all ?+s fall out to _! lik+1 impati5t ( all adv]sity1 e little cross ov]?r[s !m1 s small are ! occasions :i* take f ! mo/ =tunate ! height ( _! happ9ess4 ,h[ _m are !re1 ?9ke/ ?\1 :i* w\ld ?9k !mselves almo/ 9 ,heav5 if !y _h b ! lea/ "p ( ! rema9s ( ?y =tune8 ,?is v place1 :i* ?\ calle/ bani%m5t1 is to ! inhabitants !re( _! native l&4 ,s true x is t no?+ is mis]able b :at is ?\ght s1 & contr>iwise1 e e/ate is happy if he t be>s x be cont5t4 ,:o is s happy t if he yielde? to discont5t1 desire? n to *ange 8 e/ate8 ,h[ mu* bitt]ness is m+l$ ) ! sweetness ( man's felicity1 :i*1 ?\gh x seeme? s pleasant :ile x is enjoy$1 yet c x n be reta9$ f go+ away :5 x w4 ,& by ?is x appe>e? h[ mis]able is ! bless$ness ( mortal ?+s1 :i* nei!r endure? alway ) ! cont5t$1 nor :olly delighte? ! p5sive4 ,:]e=e1 ,o mortal m51 :y seek y = y\r felicity abroad1 :i* is plac$ )9 y\rselves8 ,error & ignorance d conf\nd y4 ,i w briefly %[ !e ! c5tre ( ?y *iefe/ happ9ess4 ,is !re any?+ m preci\s to !e ?an ?yself8 ,i am sure ?\ wilt say1 no?+4 ,:]e=e1 if ?\ enjoye/ ?yself1 ?\ %alt possess t :i* nei!r ?\ wilt ev] wi% to lose nor =tune c take away4 ,& t ?\ may/ ackn[l$ge t bless$ness _c consi/ 9 ^! casual ?+s1 ga!r x ?us4 ,if bless$ness be ! *iefe/ good ( nature endu$ ) reason1 & t is n ! *iefe/ good :i* may by any means be tak5 away1 because t :i* _c be tak5 away is bett]1 x is manife/ t ! in/ability ( =tune _c aspire to ! obta9+ ( bless$ness4 ,moreov]1 he t n[ enjoye? ?is brittle felicity1 ei!r kn[e? x to be mutable or no4 ,if n1 :at e/ate c be bless$ by ignorant bl9dness8 ,& if he kn[e? x1 he mu/ ne$s fe> le/ he lose t :i* he d\bte? n may be lo/1 :]e=e cont9ual fe> p]mitte? him n to be happy4 ,or ?\gh he %\ld lose x1 do? he ?9k t a ?+ ( no mom5t8 ,b s x 7 a v small good :i* he w\ld be cont5t to lose4 ,& because ?\ art "o :om ,i "k to be fully p]suad$ & conv9c$ by innum]able demon/rations t ! s\ls ( m5 are 9 no wise mortal1 & s9ce x is cle> t casual felicity is end$ by ! body's dea?1 !re is no d\bt1 if ?is c cause bless$ness1 b t all mank9d falle? into mis]y by dea?4 ,b if we "k _m :o h s\ght to reap ! fruit ( bless$ness1 n only by dea?1 b also by affliction & torm5ts1 h[ c pres5t happ9ess make m5 happy1 ! loss ( :i* cause? n mis]y8 #ajh i4e4 s5sitive4 ,,iv4 ,quisquis uolet p]5nem ,cautus pon]e s$em ,/abilisque nec sonori ,/]ni flatibus ,euri ,et fluctibus m9antem #e ,curat sp]n]e pontum1 ,montis cacum5 alti1 ,bibulas uitet h>5as4 ,illud prot]uus ,au/] ,totis uiribus urget1 #aj ,hae p5dulum solutae ,pondus f]re recusant4 ,fugi5s p]iculosam ,sortem s$is amo5ae ,humili domum mem5to #ae ,c]tus fig]e saxo4 ,quamuis tonet ru9is ,misc5s aequora u5tus1 ,tu conditus quieti ,felix robore ualli #bj ,duces s]5us aeuum ,rid5s ae!ris iras4 ,,iv4 ,:o ) an he$ful c>e ,w an et]nal seat prep>e1 ,:i* _c be d[n ca/ ,by =ce ( w9dy bla/1 ,& w ! floods despise1 ,:5 ?reat5+ bill[s d arise1 ,he n on hills mu/ /&1 ,nor on ! dang]\s s9k+ s&4 ,= !re ! w9ds w ?reat1 ,& him ) furi\s tempe/s beat1 ,& "h ! gr\nd too weak ,w ) ! heavy burd5 break4#aji ,fly !n ! dang]\s case ,( an untri$ delightful place1 ,& ?y poor h\se be/[ ,9 /ony places firm & l[4 ,= ?\gh ! w9ds d s\nd1 ,& waves ( tr\bl$ seas conf\nd3 ,yet ?\ to re/ dispos$ ,9 ?y safe l[ly vale inclos$1 ,may/ live a quiet age1 ,scorn+ ! air's di/emp]$ rage4 #aji ,lit]ally1 ,^! %ift+ s&s refuse to be> ! weight laid ^u !m4 ,v4 ,s$ quoniam rationum iam 9 te me>um fom5ta desc5dunt1 paulo ualidioribus ut5dum puto4 ,age enim si iam caduca et mom5t>ia =tunae dona non ess5t1 quid 9 eis e/ quod aut ue/rum umquam fi]i queat aut non p]spectum consid]atumque uilescat8 ,diuitia5e uel ue/ra uel sui natura pretiosae sunt8 ,quid e>um potius1 aurumne an uis conge/a pecuniae8 ,atqui haec effund5do magis quam coac]u&o melius nit5t1 si quidem au>itia semp] odiosos1 cl>os l>gitas facit4 ,quod si man]e apud quemque non pote/ quod transf]tur 9 alt]um1 tunc e/ pretiosa pecunia cum translata 9 alios l>gi5di usu des9it possid]i4 ,at eadem si apud unum quanta e/ ubique g5tium cong]atur1 cet]os sui inopes fec]it4 ,et uox quidem tota p>it] multorum replet auditum2 ue/rae u]o diuitiae nisi comm9utae 9 plures transire non possunt4 ,quod cum factum e/1 paup]es necesse e/ faciant quos rel9quunt4 ,o igitur angu/as inopesque diuitias quas nec hab]e totas pluribus licet et ad quemlibet s9e cet]orum paup]tate non u5iunt6 ,an gemm>um fulgor oculos trahit8 ,s$ si quid e/ 9 hoc spl5dore praecipui1 gemm>um e/ lux illa non hom9um1 quas quidem mir>i hom9es uehem5t] admiror4 ,quid e/ enim c>5s animae motu atque compage quod animatae rationabilique naturae pul*rum esse iure uideatur8 ,quae tametsi conditoris op]a suique di/9ctione po/remae aliquid pul*ritud9is trahunt1 infra ue/ram tam5 excell5tiam conlocatae admirationem ue/ram nullo modo m]ebantur4 ,an uos agrorum pul*ritudo delectat8 ,quidni8 ,e/ enim pul*]rimi op]is pul*ra portio4 ,sic quondam s]5i m>is facie gaudemus2 sic caelum sid]a lunam solemque miramur4 ,num te horum aliquid att+it8 ,num audes alicuius talium spl5dore glori>i8 ,an u]nis floribus ipse di/+u]is aut tua 9 ae/iuos fructus intumescit ub]tas8 ,quid inanibus gaudiis rap]is8 ,quid ext]na bona pro tuis amplex>is8 ,numquam tua faciet esse =tuna quae a te natura r]um fecit ali5a4 ,t]r>um quidem fructus animantium procul dubio deb5tur alim5tis4 ,s$ si1 quod naturae satis e/1 repl]e indig5tiam uelis1 nihil e/ quod =tunae afflu5tiam petas4 ,paucis enim m9imisque natura cont5ta e/1 cuius satietatem si sup]fluis urg]e uelis1 aut iniucundum quod infud]is fiet aut noxium4 ,iam u]o pul*rum u>iis fulg]e ue/ibus putas1 qu>um si grata intuitu species e/1 aut mat]iae naturam aut +5ium mirabor artificis4 ,an u]o te longus ordo famulorum facit esse felicem8 ,qui si uitiosi moribus s9t1 p]niciosa domus s>c9a et ipsi dom9o uehem5t] inimica2 s9 u]o probi1 quonam modo 9 tuis opibus ali5a probitas num]abitur8 ,ex quibus omnibus nihil horum quae tu 9 tuis conputas bonis tuum esse bonum liquido mon/ratur4 ,quibus si nihil ine/ appet5dae pul*ritud9is1 quid e/ quod uel amissis doleas uel laet]is ret5tis8 ,quod si natura pul*ra sunt1 quid id tua ref]t8 ,nam haec p] se a tuis quoque opibus seque/rata placuiss5t4 ,neque enim idcirco sunt pretiosa quod 9 tuas u5]e diuitias1 s$ quoniam pretiosa uidebantur1 tuis ea diuitiis adnum]>e malui/i4 ,quid autem tanto =tunae /repitu desid]atis8 ,fug>e cr$o indig5tiam copia qua]itis4 ,atqui hoc uobis 9 contr>ium c$it4 ,pluribus quippe adm9iculis opus e/ ad tu5dam pretiosae supellectilis u>ietatem1 u]umque illud e/ p]multis eos indig]e qui p]multa possideant contraque m9imum qui abundantiam suam naturae necessitate non ambitus sup]fluitate metiantur4 ,itane autem nullum e/ proprium uobis atque insitum bonum ut 9 ext]nis ac sepositis rebus bona ue/ra qua]atis8 ,sic r]um u]sa condicio e/ ut diu9um m]ito rationis animal non alit] sibi spl5d]e nisi inanimatae supellectilis possessione uideatur8 ,et alia quidem suis cont5ta sunt2 uos autem deo m5te consimiles ab rebus infimis excell5tis naturae ornam5ta captatis nec intellegitis quantam conditori ue/ro faciatis iniuriam4 ,ille g5us humanum t]r5is omnibus prae/>e uoluit2 uos dignitatem ue/ram infra infima quaeque detruditis4 ,nam si omne cuiusque bonum eo cuius e/ con/at esse pretiosius1 cum uilissima r]um ue/ra bona esse iudicatis1 eisdem uosmet ipsos ue/ra exi/imatione submittitis2 quod quidem haud inm]ito cadit4 ,humanae quippe naturae i/a condicio e/ ut tum tantum cet]is rebus cum se cognoscit excellat1 eadem tam5 infra be/ias r$igatur1 si se nosse desi]it4 ,nam cet]is animantibus sese ignor>e naturae e/2 hom9ibus uitio u5it4 ,quam u]o late patet ue/] hic error qui orn>i posse aliquid ornam5tis exi/imatis ali5is8 ,at id fi]i nequit4 ,nam si quid ex appositis luceat1 ipsa quidem quae sunt apposita laudantur2 illud u]o 8 tectum atque uelatum 9 sua nihilo m9us fo$itate p]durat4 ,ego u]o nego ullum esse bonum quod noceat hab5ti4 ,num id m5tior8 ',m9ime1' inquis4 ,atqui diuitiae possid5tibus p]saepe nocu]unt1 cum pessimus quisque eoque ali5i magis auidus quidquid usquam auri gemm>umque e/ se solum qui habeat dignissimum putat4 ,tu igitur qui nunc contum gladiumque sollicitus p]timescis1 si uitae huius callem uacuus uiator intrasses1 coram latrone cant>es4 ,o praecl>a opum mortalium beatitudo quam cum adeptus fu]is securus esse desi/is6 ,v4 ,b s9ce ! soo?+ ( my reasons beg9s to s9k into !e1 ,i w use ^? :i* are some:at m =cible4 ,g to !99n1 if ! gifts ( =tune 7 n brittle & mom5t>y1 :at is !re 9 !m :i* c ei!r ev] be made y\r own1 or1 well weigh$ & consid]$1 seeme? n vile & ( no accompt8 ,are ri*es preci\s 9 virtue ei!r ( _! own nature or ( y\rs8 ,:at "p ( !m c be s e/eem$ (8 ,! gold or ! heaps ( money8 ,b ^! make a fair] %[ :5 !y are sp5t ?an :5 !y are kept4 ,= covet\sness alway make? m5 odi\s1 z lib]ality fam\s4 ,& if a man _c h t :i* is giv5 to ano!r1 !n money is preci\s :51 be/[$ ^u o!rs1 by ! use ( lib]ality x is n possess$ any long]4 ,b if all ! money 9 ! :ole _w 7 ga!r$ into "o man's cu/ody1 all o!r m5 %\ld be poor4 ,! voice at ! same "t :olly fille? ! e>s ( _m1 b y\r ri*es _c pass to _m1 except !y be dim9i%$1 :i* be+ done1 !y mu/ ne$s make !m poor :om !y leave4 ,o scant & poor ri*es1 :i* nei!r c be :olly possess$ ( _m1 & come to none )\t ! impov]i%m5t ( o!rs6 ,do? ! glitt]+ ( jewels draw ?y eyes aft] !m8 ,b if !re be any great matt] 9 ?is %[1 n m5 b ! jewels %9e1 :i* ,i exce$+ly m>vel t m5 admire4 ,= :at is !re want+ life & memb]s t may ju/ly seem beautiful to a nature n only endu$ ) life b also ) reason8 ,:i*1 ?\gh by _! mak]'s workman%ip & _! own v>iety !y h "s "p ( base/ beauty1 yet x is s f> inf]ior to y\r excell5cy t x did 9 no sort des]ve y\r admiration4 ,do? ! pleasant prospect ( ! fields delight y8 ,:y n8 ,= x is a fair portion ( a mo/ fair "w4 ,s we are delight$ ) a calm sea1 s we admire ! sky1 ! />s1 ! sun1 & ! moon4 ,d any ( ^! belong to !e8 ,d>e/ ?\ boa/ ( ! beauty :i* any ( !m h8 ,art ?\ ?yself adorn$ ) ,may fl[]s8 ,or do? ?y f]tility teem ) ! fruits ( summ]8 ,:y rejoice/ ?\ va9ly8 ,:y embrace/ ?\ outw>d goods z if !y 7 ?9e own8 ,=tune w nev] make ^? ?+s ?9e :i* by ! appo9tm5t ( ,nature belong n to !e4 ,! fruits ( ! e>? are d\btless appo9t$ = ! su/5ance ( liv+ creatures4 ,b if ?\ wilt only satisfy want1 :i* suffice? ,nature1 !re is no cause to require ! sup]fluities ( =tune4 ,= ,nature is cont5t$ ) little & ) ! smalle/ ?+s1 &1 if1 be+ satisfi$1 ?\ wilt ov]lay x ) m ?an ne$s1 t :i* ?\ adde/ w ei!r become unpleasant or hurtful4 ,b p]haps ?\ ?9ke/ x a f9e ?+ to g deck$ 9 gay app>el1 :i*1 if !y make a fair %[1 ,i w admire ei!r ! goodness ( ! /uff or ! inv5tion ( ! workman4 ,or do? ! multitude ( s]vants make !e happy8 ,:o1 if !y be vici\s1 !y are a p]nici\s burd5 to ?y h\se1 & exce$+ly tr\blesome to _! ma/]2 & if !y be hone/1 h[ %all o!r m5's hone/y be c\nt$ among/ ?y treasures8 ,by all :i* is manife/ly prov$ t none ( ^! goods :i* ?\ acc\nte/ ?9e1 are ?9e inde$4 ,& if !re is no?+ 9 ^! wor?y to be desir$1 :y art ?\ ei!r glad :5 ?\ ha/ !m or sorry :5 ?\ lose/ !m8 ,or :at is x to !e1 if !y be preci\s by nature8 ,= 9 ?is respect !y w\ld h pleas$ !e1 ?\gh !y _h belong$ to o!rs4 ,= !y are n preci\s because !y are come to be ?9e1 b because !y seem$ preci\s ?\ w]t desir\s to h !m4 ,n[1 :at desire y ) su* l\d praise ( =tune8 ,p]haps y seek to drive away p5ury ) pl5ty4 ,b ?is falle? out q contr>y1 = y /& 9 ne$ ( _m supplies1 to protect all ?is v>iety ( preci\s ornam5ts4 ,& x is true t !y :i* h mu*1 ne$ mu*2 & contr>iwise1 t !y ne$ little :i* measure n _! weal? by ! sup]fluity ( ambition1 b by ! necessity ( nature4 ,h y no prop] & inw>d good1 t y seek y\r goods 9 ^? ?+s :i* are outw>d & sep>at$ f y8 ,is ! condition ( ?+s s *ang$ t a liv+ creature1 des]v$ly acc\nt$ div9e = ! gift ( reason1 seeme? to h no o!r excell5cy ?an ! possession ( a little h\sehold /uff )\t life8 ,all o!r creatures are cont5t ) t !y h ( _! own2 & y1 :o 9 y\r m9d c>ry ! lik5ess ( ,god1 are cont5t to take ! ornam5ts ( y\r excell5t nature f ! mo/ base & vile ?+s1 nei!r und]/& y :at injury y d y\r ,creator4 ,he w\ld h mank9d to excel all e>?ly ?+s2 y debase y\r dignity "u e meane/ creature4 ,= if x be manife/ t ! good ( ev]y?+ is m preci\s ?an t ^: good x is1 s9ce y judge ! vile/ ?+s t c be to be y\r goods1 y deject y\rselves "u !m 9 y\r own e/imation1 :i* que/ionless come? n undes]v$ly to pass2 = ?is is ! condition ( man's nature1 t !n only x surpasse? o!r ?+s :5 x kn[e? itself1 & x is worse ?an bea/s :5 x is )\t t k4 ,= 9 o!r liv+ creatures ! ignorance ( !mselves is nature1 b 9 m5 x is vice4 ,& h[ f> do? ?is error ( y\rs ext5d1 :o ?9k t any c be adorn$ ) ! ornam5ts ( ano!r8 ,:i* c 9 no wise be4 ,= if any adjo9$ ?+ seem preci\s1 x is t :i* is prais$1 b t :i* is cov]$ & enwrapp$ 9 x rema9e?1 not)/&+1 ) ! f\l bas5ess :i* x ha? ( itself4 ,moreov]1 ,i d5y t to be good :i* hurte? ! possessor4 ,am ,i deceiv$ 9 ?is8 ,i am sure ?\ wilt say no4 ,b ri*es h (t5 hurt _! possessors1 s9ce e lewde/ companion1 :o are consequ5tly mo/ desir\s ( t :i* is n _! own1 ?9k !mselves mo/ wor?y to possess alone all ! gold & jewels 9 ! _w4 ,:]e=e ?\1 :o ) mu* p]turbation fe>e/ n[ to be assail$ & sla91 if ?\ had/ ent]$ ! pa? ( ?is life l a poor pass5g]1 ne$e/ n be afraid1 b mighte/ rejoice & s+ ev5 9 ! sight ( mo/ rav5\s ?ieves4#aaj ,o excell5t happ9ess ( mortal ri*es1 :i*1 :5 ?\ ha/ gott51 ?\ ha/ lo/ ?y safety6 #aaj ,cf4 ,juv5al1 ,sat4 x4 #ai-bb4 ,v4 ,felix nimium prior aetas ,cont5ta fidelibus aruis ,nec in]ti p]dita luxu1 ,facili quae s]a solebat ,ieiunia solu]e gl&e4 #e ,non ,bac*ica mun]a norant ,liquido confund]e melle ,nec lucida uell]a ,s]um ,tyrio misc]e u55o4 ,somnos dabat h]ba salubres1 #aj ,potum quoque lubricus amnis1 ,vmbras altissima p9us4 ,nondum m>is alta secabat ,nec m]cibus undique lectis ,n\a litora uid]at hospes4 #ae ,tunc classica saeua tacebant1 ,odiis neque fusus ac]bis ,cruor horrida t9x]at arua4 ,quid enim furor ho/icus ulla ,vellet prior arma m\]e1 #bj ,cum uuln]a saeua uid]5t ,nec praemia sangu9is ulla8 ,vt9am modo no/ra r$ir5t ,9 mores tempora priscos6 ,s$ saeuior ignibus ,aetnae #be ,f]u5s amor ardet hab5di4 ,heu primus quis fuit ille ,auri qui pond]a tecti ,gemmasque lat]e uol5tes ,pretiosa p]icula fodit8 #cj ,v4 ,too mu* ! =m] age 0 ble/1 ,:5 fields _! pleasd own]s faild n1 ,:o1 ) no slo?ful lu/ oppre/1 ,broke _! long fa/s ) acorns eas'ly got4 ,no w9e ) honey mixd 01 ,nor did !y silk 9 purple col\rs /eep2 ,!y slept ^u ! :olesome grass1 ,& _! cool dr9k did fet* f riv]s deep4 ,! p9es did hide !m ) _! %ade1 ,no m]*ants ?r\gh ! dang]\s bill[s w5t1 ,nor ) desire ( ga9ful trade ,_! traffic into =eign c\ntries s5t4 ,!n no %rill trumpets did amate ,! m9ds ( soldi]s ) _! daunt+ s\nds1 ,nor weapons 7 ) deadly hate ,dy$ ) ! dreadful blood ( gap+ w\nds4 ,= h[ c\ld any fury draw ,! m9d ( man to /ir up w> 9 va91 ,:5 no?+ b fi]ce w\nds he saw1 ,& = 8 blood no recomp5se %\ld ga98 ,o t ! anci5t mann]s w\ld ,9 ^! our latt] hapless times return6 ,n[ ! desire ( hav+ gold ,do? l ! flam+ fires ( ,aetna burn4 ,ah1 :o 0 he t fir/ did %[ ,! heaps ( treasure :i* ! e>? did hide1 ,& jewels :i* lay close bel[1 ,by :i* he co/ly dang]s did provide8 ,,vi4 ,quid autem de dignitatibus pot5tiaque diss]am quae uos u]ae dignitatis ac pote/atis inscii caelo exaequatis8 ,quae si 9 improbissimum quemque cecid]unt1 quae flammis ,aetnae eructuantibus1 quod diluuium tantas /rages d$]9t8 ,c]te1 uti mem9isse te arbitror1 consul>e imp]ium1 quod lib]tatis pr9cipium fu]at1 ob sup]biam consulum ue/ri uet]es abol]e cupiu]unt1 qui ob e&em sup]biam prius regium de ciuitate nom5 ab/ul]ant4 ,at si qu&o1 quod p]r>um e/1 probis def]antur1 quid 9 eis aliud quam probitas ut5tium placet8 ,ita fit ut non uirtutibus ex dignitate s$ ex uirtute dignitatibus honor acc$at4 ,quae u]o e/ i/a ue/ra expetibilis ac praecl>a pot5tia8 ,nonne1 o t]r5a animalia1 consid]atis quibus qui praesid]e uideam9i8 ,nunc si int] mures uid]es unum aliquem ius sibi ac pote/atem prae cet]is u9dicantem1 quanto m\]]is ca*9no6 ,quid u]o1 si corpus spectes1 inbecillius hom9e rep]ire queas quos saepe muscul>um quoque uel morsus uel 9 secreta quaeque reptantium necat introitus8 ,quo u]o quisquam ius aliquod 9 quempiam nisi 9 solum corpus et quod infra corpus e/1 =tunam loquor1 possit exs]]e8 ,num quidquam lib]o imp]abis animo8 ,num m5tem firma sibi ratione coha]5tem de /atu propriae quietis am\ebis8 ,cum lib]um qu5dam uirum suppliciis se tyrannus adacturum put>et1 ut adu]sum se factae coniurationis conscios prod]et1 l+uam ille momordit atque abscidit et 9 os tyranni saeui5tis abiecit2 ita cruciatus1 quos putabat tyrannus mat]iam crudelitatis1 uir sapi5s fecit esse uirtutis4 ,quid autem e/ quod 9 alium fac]e quisquam#aaa possit1 quod su/9]e ab alio ipse non possit8 ,busiridem accipimus nec>e hospites solitum ab ,h]cule hospite fuisse mactatum4 ,regulus plures ,po5orum bello captos 9 u9cla coniec]at1 s$ mox ipse uictorum cat5is manus praebuit4 ,vllamne igitur eius hom9is pot5tiam putas1 qui quod ipse 9 alio pote/1 ne id 9 se alt] ualeat effic]e non possit8 ,ad haec si ipsis dignitatibus ac pote/atibus inesset aliquid naturalis ac proprii boni1 numquam pessimis pr\5ir5t4 ,neque enim sibi sol5t adu]sa soci>i2 natura respuit ut contr>ia quaeque iungantur4 ,ita cum pessimos pl]umque dignitatibus fungi dubium non sit1 illud etiam liquet natura sui bona non esse quae se pessimis ha]]e patiantur4 ,quod quidem de cunctis =tunae mun]ibus dignius exi/im>i pote/1 quae ad improbissimum quemque ub]iora p]u5iunt4 ,de quibus illud etiam consid]&um puto1 quod nemo dubitat esse =tem1 cui =titud9em inesse conspex]it1 et cuicumque uelocitas ade/ manife/um e/ esse uelocem4 ,sic musica quidem musicos m$ic9a m$icos rhetorice rhetores facit4 ,agit enim cuiusque rei natura quod proprium e/ nec contr>i>um r]um miscetur effectibus et ultro quae sunt au]sa depellit4 ,atqui nec opes inexpletam re/+u]e au>itiam queunt nec pote/as sui compotem fec]it quem uitiosae libid9es insolubilibus ad/rictum ret95t cat5is1 et collata improbis dignitas non modo non efficit dignos1 s$ prodit potius et o/5tat indignos4 ,cur ita pr\5it8 ,gaudetis enim res sese alit] hab5tes falsis compell>e nom9ibus quae facile ips>um r]um r$>guuntur effectu2 itaque nec illae diuitiae nec illa pot5tia nec haec dignitas iure appell>i pote/4 ,po/remo idem de tota conclud]e =tuna licet 9 qua nihil expet5dum1 nihil natiuae bonitatis inesse manife/um e/1 quae nec se bonis semp] adiungit et bonos quibus fu]it adiuncta non efficit4 #aaa quisque codd4 optimi4 ,,vi4 ,n[1 :y %\ld ,i disc\rse ( dignities & p[] :i* y1 n kn[+ :at true dignity & p[] meane?1 exalt to ! skies8 ,& if !y light ^u wick$ m51 :at ,aetnas1 bel*+ flames1 or :at deluge c cause s great h>ms8 ,i suppose ?\ rememb]e/ h[ y\r ance/ors1 by reason ( ! consuls' arrogancy1 desir$ to aboli% t gov]nm5t :i* _h be5 ! beg9n+ ( _! fre$om1 :o be=e1 = ! same cause1 _h remov$ ! gov]nm5t ( k+s f _! city4 ,& if sometime1 :i* is v seldom1 good m5 be pref]r$ to hon\rs1#aab :at o!r ?+ c give cont5tm5t 9 !m b ! hone/y ( ^? :i* h !m8 ,s t virtues are n hon\r$ by dignities1 b dignities by virtue4 ,b :at is ?is excell5t p[] :i* y e/eem$ s desirable8 ,consid] y n1 ,o e>?ly wights1 :om y seem to excel8 ,= if among mice ?\ %\ld/ see "o claim jurisdiction & p[] to himself ov] ! re/1 to :at a laught] x w\ld move !e6 ,& :at1 if ?\ respecte/ ! body1 can/ ?\ f9d m weak ?an man1 :om ev5 ! bit+ ( little flies or ! ent]+ ( creep+ worms do? (t5 kill8 ,n[1 h[ c any man ex]cise jurisdiction ^u anybody except ^u _! bodies1 & t :i* is inf]ior to _! bodies1 ,i mean _! =tunes8 ,can/ ?\ ev] imp]i\sly impose any?+ ^u a free m9d8 ,can/ ?\ remove a s\l settl$ 9 firm reason f ! quiet /ate :i* x possesse?8 ,:5 a tyrant ?\ght to compel a c]ta9 free man by torm5ts to bewray 8 conf$]ates ( a conspiracy attempt$ aga9/ him1 he bit (f 8 tongue1 & spit x out ^u ! cruel tyrant's face1#aac by t means wisely mak+ ^? tortures1 :i* ! tyrant ?\ght matt] ( cruelty1 to be to him occasion ( virtue4 ,n[1 :at is !re t any c en=ce ^u ano!r :i* he may n himself be en=c$ to su/a9 by ano!r8 ,we read t ,busiris1 wont to kill 8 gue/s1 0 himself sla9 by 8 gue/ ,h]cules4#aad ,regulus _h laid fett]s ^u _m ,africans tak5 9 w>1 b ere long he f\nd 8 own h&s environ$ ) 8 conqu]or's *a9s4#aae ,:]e=e ?9ke/ ?\ ! p[] ( t man to be any?+ wor?1 :o _c h9d] ano!r f do+ t to him :i* he c d to ano!r8 ,moreov]1 if dignities & p[] _h any natural & prop] good 9 !m1 !y w\ld nev] be be/[$ ^u ! wor/ m51 = "o opposite use? n to accompany ano!r2 nature refuse? to h contr>ies jo9$4 ,s t1 s9ce !re is no d\bt b t m5 ( ! wor/ sort (t5 enjoy dignities1 x is also manife/ t !y are n naturally good :i* may foll[ mo/ naughty m54 ,:i* may m wor?ily be ?\ght ( all =tune's gifts :i* are m pl5tifully be/[$ ^u e lewd companion4 ,conc]n+ :i*1 ,i take t also to be wor?y consid]ation1 t no man d\bte? him to be a valiant man 9 :om he see? val\r1 & x is manife/ t he :i* ha? swiftness is swift4 ,s1 likewise1 music make? musicians1 physic physicians1 & rhetoric rhetoricians4 ,= ! nature ( ev]y?+ do? t :i* is prop] unto x1 & is n mix$ ) contr>y effects b repelle? all opposites4 ,b nei!r c ri*es ext+ui% unsatiable av>ice1 nor p[] make him ma/] ( himself :om vici\s lu/s keep *a9$ 9 /ronge/ fett]s4 ,& dignity be/[$ ^u wick$ m5 do? n only n make !m wor?y b r bewraye? & discov]e? _! unwor?9ess4 ,h[ come? ?is to pass8 ,because 9 miscall+ ?+s t are o!rwise1 y take a pleasure :i* is easily refut$ by ! effect ( ! ?+s !mselves4 ,:]e=e1 by "r1 ^! ?+s are n to be call$ ri*es1 ?is is n to be call$ p[]1 t is n to be call$ dignity4 ,la/ly1 we may conclude ! same ( all =tunes 9 :i* x is manife/ !re is no?+ to be desir$1 no?+ naturally good1 :i* nei!r are always be/[$ ^u good m51 nor d make !m good :om !y are be/[$ ^u4 #aab ,! subject ( def]antur is dignitates pot5tiaque4 #aac ,! free man 0 ! philosoph] ,anax>*us3 ! tyrant1 ,nicocreon ! ,cypriote4 ,= ! /ory see ,diog5es ,la]tius ix4 #ei4 #aad ,cf4 ,apollod4 ii4 #e4 #aa2 ,claudian xviii4 #aei2 ,virg4 ,georg4 iii4 #d4 #aae ,cf4 ,cic]o1 ,de ,(f4 iii4 #ii4 ,,vi4 ,n\imus quantas d$]it ru9as ,vrbe flammata patribusque caesis ,fratre qui quondam f]us int]empto ,matris effuso maduit cruore ,corpus et uisu gelidum p]]rans #e ,ora non t9xit lacrimis1 s$ esse ,c5sor ext9cti potuit decoris4 ,hic tam5 sceptro populos regebat ,quos uidet cond5s radios sub undas ,phoebus extremo u5i5s ab ortu1 #aj ,quos premunt septem gelidi triones1 ,quos ,notus sicco uiol5tus ae/u ,torret ard5tes recoqu5s h>5as4 ,celsa num t&em ualuit pote/as ,v]t]e praui rabiem ,n]onis8 #ae ,heu grauem sortem1 quoti5s iniquus ,additur saeuo gladius u55o6 ,,vi4 ,we "k :at /irs he made ,:o did ! ,s5ate slay & ,rome ) fire invade1 ,:o did 8 bro!r kill1 ,& ) 8 "m's blood 8 moi/5$ h& did fill2 ,:o look$ on t cold face ,te>less1 & nicely m>k$ h] memb]s' sev]al grace4#aaf ,yet 8 dread p[] controll$ ,^? p :om ! sun do? 9 ! ea/ behold1 ,& ^? :o d rema9 ,9 we/]n l&s or dwell "u ,botes' wa9 ,& ^? ^: sk9s are tann$ ,) s\!rn w9ds1 :i* roa/ & burn ! p>*$ s&4 ,:at8 ,c\ld ?is glori\s might ,re/ra9 ! furi\s rage ( wick$ ,n]o's spite8 ,b oh6 mi%ap mo/ bad1 ,:i* do? ! wick$ sword to cruel poison add6 #aaf ,lit]ally1 b c\ld be ! critic ( h] dead beauty4 ,cf4 ,suet4 ,n]o #bd2 ,tac4 ,ann4 xiv4 #i4 ,,vii4 ,tum ego3 ,scis1 inquam1 ipsa m9imum nobis ambitionem mortalium r]um fuisse dom9atam4 ,s$ mat]iam g]5dis rebus optauimus quo ne uirtus tacita cons5esc]et4 ,et illa3 ,atqui hoc unum e/ quod prae/antes quidem natura m5tes s$ nondum ad extremam manum uirtutum p]fectione p]ductas allic]e possit1 gloriae scilicet cupido et optimorum 9 rem publicam fama m]itorum2 quae quam sit exilis et totius uacua pond]is1 sic consid]a4 ,omnem t]rae ambitum1 sicuti a/rologicis demon/rationibus accepi/i1 ad caeli spatium puncti con/at obt9]e rationem1 id e/ ut1 si ad caele/is globi magnitud9em conf]atur1 nihil spatii prorsus hab]e iudicetur4 ,huius igitur tam exiguae 9 mundo regionis qu>ta f]e portio e/1 sicut ,ptolomaeo probante didici/i1 quae nobis cognitis animantibus incolatur4 ,huic qu>tae1 si quantum m>ia paludesque premunt quantumque siti ua/a regio di/5ditur cogitatione subtrax]is1 uix angu/issima inhabit&i hom9ibus area rel9quetur4 ,9 hoc igitur m9imo puncti quodam puncto circumsaepti atque conclusi de p]uulg&a fama1 de pr(]5do nom9e cogitatis8 ,aut quid habeat amplum magnificumque gloria tam angu/is exiguisque limitibus artata8 ,adde quod hoc ipsum breuis habitaculi saeptum plures incolunt nationes l+ua1 moribus1 totius uitae ratione di/antes1 ad quas tum difficultate it9]um tum loqu5di diu]sitate tum comm]cii insol5tia non modo fama hom9um s+ulorum s$ ne urbium quidem p]u5ire queat4 ,aetate d5ique ,m>ci ,tullii1 sicut ipse quodam loco significat1 nondum ,caucasum montem ,romanae rei publicae fama transc5d]at1 et erat tunc adulta ,p>?is etiam cet]isque id locorum g5tibus =midolosa4 ,videsne igitur quam sit angu/a1 quam compressa gloria quam dilat>e ac propag>e laboratis8 ,an ubi ,romani nom9is transire fama nequit1 ,romani hom9is gloria progr$ietur8 ,quid quod diu]s>um g5tium mores int] se atque in/ituta discordant1 ut quod apud alios laude apud alios supplicio dignum iudicetur4 ,quo fit ut si quem famae pra$icatio delectat1 huic 9 plurimos populos nom5 pr(]re nullo modo conducat4 ,erit igitur p]uagata int] suos gloria quisque cont5tus et intra unius g5tis t]m9os praecl>a illa famae inmortalitas co>tabitur4 ,s$ quam multos cl>issimos suis temporibus uiros scriptorum inops deleuit obliuio6 ,quamquam quid ipsa scripta pr(iciant1 quae cum suis auctoribus premit longior atque obscura uetu/as8 ,vos u]o inmortalitatem uobis propag>e uidem9i1 cum futuri famam temporis cogitatis4 ,quod si aet]nitatis inf9ita spatia p]tractes1 quid habes quod de nom9is tui diuturnitate laet]is8 ,vnius et5im mora mom5ti1 si decem milibus conf]atur annis1 quoniam utrumque spatium def9itum e/1 m9imam1 licet1 habet tam5 aliquam portionem4 ,at hic ipse num]us annorum eiusque quamlibet multiplex ad int]m9abilem diuturnitatem ne comp>>i quidem pote/4 ,et5im f9itis ad se inuicem fu]it qua$am1 inf9iti u]o atque f9iti nulla umquam pot]it esse collatio4 ,ita fit ut quamlibet prolixi temporis fama1 si cum inexhau/a aet]nitate cogitetur1 non p>ua s$ plane nulla esse uideatur4 ,vos autem nisi ad popul>es auras inanesque rumores recte fac]e nescitis et relicta consci5tiae uirtutisque prae/antia de ali5is praemia s]munculis po/ulatis4 ,accipe 9 huiusmodi arrogantiae leuitate quam fe/iue aliquis inlus]it4 ,nam cum quidam adortus esset hom9em contumeliis1 qui non ad u]ae uirtutis usum s$ ad sup]bam gloriam falsum sibi philosophi nom5 indu]at1 adiecissetque iam se sciturum1 an ille philosophus esset1 si quidem illatas iniurias l5it] pati5t]que tol]asset1 ille pati5tiam paulisp] adsumpsit acceptaque contumelia uelut insultans3 ',iam t&em1' inquit1 'intellegis me esse philosophum8' ,tum ille nimium mordacit]3 ',intellex]am1' inquit1 'si tacuisses4' ,quid autem e/ quod ad praecipuos uiros1 de 8 enim s]mo e/1 qui uirtute gloriam petunt1 quid1 inquam1 e/ quod ad hos de fama po/ resolutum morte suprema corpus att9eat8 ,nam si1 quod no/rae rationes cr$i uetant1 toti moriuntur hom9es1 nulla e/ omn9o gloria1 cum is cuius ea esse dicitur non ex/et omn9o4 ,s9 u]o b5e sibi m5s conscia t]r5o c>c]e resoluta caelum lib]a petit1 nonne omne t]r5um negotium sp]nat quae se caelo fru5s t]r5is gaudet exemptam8 ,,vii4 ,!n ,i said3 ,?\ ?yself kn[e/ t ! ambition ( mortal ?+s ha? borne z little sway ) me z ) any1 b ,i desir$ matt] ( action1 le/ old age %\ld come ^u me ere ,i _h done any?+4 ,to :i* %e answ]$3 ,?is is ! only ?+ :i* is able to entice su* m9ds z1 be+ well qualifi$ by nature1 are n yet fully br\ght to full excell5ce by ! p]fect+ ( virtues1 ,i mean desire ( glory1 & fame ( be/ des]ts t[>ds _! commonweal?1 :i* h[ sl5d] x is1 & void ( all weight1 consid] ?is3 ?\ ha/ le>nt by a/ronomical demon/rations t ! compass ( ! :ole e>? comp>$ to ! scope ( heav5 is no bigg] ?an a p9's po9t1 :i* is z mu* z to say t1 if x be conf]r$ ) ! greatness ( ! cele/ial sph]e1 x ha? no bigness at all4 ,& ( ?is s small a region 9 ! _w only ! f\r? "p is kn[n to be inhabit$ by liv+ creatures kn[n to u1 z ,ptolemy#aag prove?4 ,f :i* f\r? "p1 if ?\ take/ away 9 imag9ation ! seas1 ! m>% gr\nds1 & all o!r des]t places1 !re w sc>cely be left any room at all = m5 to inhabit4 ,:]e=e1 enclos$ & %ut up 9 ?is smalle/ po9t ( t o!r po9t1 d y ?9k ( ext5d+ y\r fame & enl>g+ y\r "n8 ,b :at great or h]oical matt] c t glory h1 :i* is p5t up 9 s small & n>r[ b\nds8 ,besides t ! little compass ( ?is small habitation is inhabit$ by _m nations1 diff]5t 9 language1 fa%ions1 & conv]sation1 to :i* by reason ( ! difficulties 9 travell+1 ! div]sity ( spee*1 & ! sc>city ( traffic1 n only ! ,fame ( p>ticul> m5 b ev5 ( cities c h>dly come4 ,f9ally1 9 ! age ( ,m>cus ,tullius1 z he himself write?1#aah ! fame ( ! ,roman ,commonweal? _h n pass$ ! m\nta9 ,caucasus1 & yet x 0 !n 9 ! mo/ fl\ri%+ e/ate1 fe>ful ev5 to ! ,p>?ians & to ! re/ ( ! nations ab\t4 ,see/ ?\ !re=e h[ /rait & n>r[ t glory is :i* y lab\r to enl>ge & increase8 ,:]e ! fame ( ! ,roman "n c\ld n pass1 c ! glory ( a ,roman man p5etrate8 ,moreov]1 ! cu/oms & laws ( div]se nations d s mu* diff] ! "o f ! o!r1 t ! same ?+ :i* "s comm5d z laudable1 o!rs condemn z des]v+ puni%m5t4 ,s t if a man be delight$ ) ! praise ( fame1 x is no way conv5i5t = him to be nam$ 9 _m c\ntries4 ,:]e=e1 e man mu/ be cont5t ) t glory :i* he may h at home1 & t noble immortality ( fame mu/ be compreh5d$ )9 ! compass ( "o nation4 ,n[1 h[ _m1 mo/ fam\s :ile !y liv$1 are altoge!r =gott5 = want ( writ]s6 ,?\gh :at d writ+s !mselves avail :i* p]i%1 z well z _! au?ors1 by cont9uance & obscurity ( "t8 ,b y imag9e t y make y\rselves immortal :5 y ca/ y\r eyes ^u future fame4 ,:]eas1 if ?\ weighe/ att5tively ! inf9ite spaces ( et]nity1 :at cause ha/ ?\ to rejoice at ! prolong+ ( ?y "n8 ,= if we comp>e ! /ay ( "o mom5t ) t5 ?\s& ye>s1 s9ce bo? be limit$1 !y h "s proportion1 ?\gh x be b v small4 ,b ?is numb] ( ye>s1 h[ (t s ev] x be multipli$1 is no way comp>able to endless et]nity4 ,= limit$ ?+s may 9 "s sort be comp>$ among !mselves1 b t :i* is inf9ite admitte? no comp>ison at all ) ! limit$4 ,s t ! fame ( nev] s long "t1 if x be comp>$ ) ev]la/+ et]nity1 seeme? n little b none at all4 ,b )\t popul> bla/s & va9 rum\rs y "k n h[ to d well1 &1 reject+ ! excell5cy ( a good consci5ce & ( virtue1 y *oose to be rew>d$ ) o!rs' tattl+4 ,he> h[ pleasantly "o je/$ at ?is va9 & contemptible arrogancy4 ,= hav+ assault$ ) reproa*ful spee*es a c]ta9 fell[ :o _h falsely tak5 ^u him ! "n ( a philosoph]1 n = ! use ( virtue b = va+lory1 & hav+ add$ t n[ he w\ld "k :e!r he 7 a philosoph] or no by 8 g5tle & pati5t be>+ ( injuries1 ! o!r took all pati5tly = a :ile1 & hav+ borne 8 contumely1 z x 71 triumph+1 said3 ',do/ ?\ n[ at l5g? ?9k me a philosoph]8' ,to :i* he bit+ly repli$3 ',i w\ld h ?\ght !e "o if ?\ had/ hold5 ?y peace4' ,b :at h excell5t m5 7= ( ^! ,i speak7 :o seek = glory by virtue1 :at h we1 ,i say1 to expect = ^! by fame aft] f9al dea? ha? dissolv$ ! body8 ,= if1 contr>y to our belief1 m5 :olly p]i%1 !re is no glory at all1 s9ce he to :om x is said to belong is n[h]e extant4 ,b if a guiltless m9d fre$ f e>?ly imprisonm5t goe? =?) to heav51 w %e n despise all e>?ly traffic :o1 enjoy+ heav51 rejoice? to see h]self exempt$ f e>?ly affairs8 #aag ,claudius ,ptolemaeus1 ma!matician1 a/ronom]1 geograph]1 fl4 ,a4,d4 #aci-afa4 #aah ,cf4 ,somn4 ,scip4 #f4 #ad ap4 ,macr4 ,comm5t4 ii4 #aj4 ,,vii4 ,quicumque solam m5te praecipiti petit ,summumque cr$it gloriam1 ,late pat5tes ae!ris c]nat plagas ,artumque t]r>um situm4 ,breuem repl]e non ual5tis ambitum #e ,pudebit aucti nom9is4 ,quid o sup]bi colla mortali iugo ,fru/ra leu>e ge/iunt8 ,licet remotos fama p] populos means ,diffusa l+uas explicet #aj ,et magna titulis fulgeat cl>is domus1 ,mors sp]nit altam gloriam1 ,inuoluit humile p>it] et celsum caput ,aequatque summis infima4 ,vbi nunc fidelis ossa ,fabricii man5t1 #ae ,quid ,brutus aut rigidus ,cato8 ,signat sup]/es fama t5uis pauculis ,inane nom5 litt]is4 ,s$ quod decora n\imus uocabula1 ,num scire consumptos datur8 #bj ,iacetis ergo prorsus ignorabiles ,nec fama notos efficit4 ,quod si putatis longius uitam trahi ,mortalis aura nom9is1 ,cum s]a uobis rapiet hoc etiam dies1 #be ,iam uos secunda mors manet4 ,,vii4 ,he t to hon\r only seeks to m\nt ,& t 8 *iefe/ end do? c\nt1 ,let him behold ! l>g5ess ( ! skies ,& on ! /rait e>? ca/ 8 eyes2 ,he w despise ! glory ( 8 "n1 ,:i* _c fill s small a frame4 ,:y d pr\d m5 scorn t _! necks %\ld be> ,t yoke :i* e man mu/ we>8 ,?\gh fame ?r\gh _m nations fly along ,& %\ld be blaz$ by e tongue1 ,& h\ses %9e ) our =efa!rs' /ories1 ,yet ,dea? contemns ^! /ately glories1 ,&1 summon+ bo? ri* & poor to die1 ,makes ! l[ equal ) ! high4 ,:o kn[s :]e fai?ful ,fabrice' bones are press$1 ,:]e ,brutus & /rict ,cato re/8#aai ,a sl5d] fame consigns _! titles va9 ,9 "s few lett]s to rema94 ,because _! fam\s names 9 books we read1 ,come we by !m to "k ! dead8 ,y dy+1 !n1 rememb]$ are by none1 ,nor any fame c make y kn[n4 ,b if y ?9k t life out/rippe? dea?1 ,y\r names borne up ) mortal brea?1 ,:5 l5g? ( "t takes ?is away likewise1 ,a second dea? %all y surprise4 #aai ,caius ,lusc9us ,fabricius1 ,consul #bhb ,b4,c41 oppon5t ( ,pyrrhus2 ,lucius ,iunius ,brutus1 ,consul #eji ,b4,c41 f\nd] ( ! ,republic2 ,m>cus ,porcius ,cato 7,cato maior74 ,consul #aie ,b4,c41 great-gr&fa!r ( ,m4 ,porcius ,cato 7,utic5sis74 ,,viii4 ,s$ ne me inexorabile contra =tunam g]]e bellum putes1 e/ aliqu&o cum de hom9ibus illa1 fallax illa nihil1 b5e m]eatur1 tum scilicet cum se ap]it1 cum frontem detegit moresque pr(itetur4 ,nondum =te quid loqu> intellegis4 ,mirum e/ quod dic]e ge/io1 eoque s5t5tiam u]bis explic>e uix queo4 ,et5im plus hom9ibus reor adu]sam quam prosp]am prodesse =tunam4 ,illa enim semp] specie felicitatis cum uidetur bl&a1 m5titur2 haec semp] u]a e/1 cum se in/abilem mutatione demon/rat4 ,illa fallit1 haec in/ruit1 illa m5dacium specie bonorum m5tes fru5tium ligat1 haec cognitione fragilis felicitatis absoluit4 ,itaque illam uideas u5tosam1 flu5tem suique semp] ign>am1 hanc sobriam succ9ctamque et ipsius adu]sitatis ex]citatione prud5tem4 ,po/remo felix a u]o bono deuios bl&itiis trahit1 adu]sa pl]umque ad u]a bona r$uces unco retrahit4 ,an hoc int] m9ima ae/im&um putas quod amicorum tibi fidelium m5tes haec asp]a1 haec horribilis =tuna detexit1 haec tibi c]tos sodalium uultus ambiguosque secreuit1 disc$5s suos ab/ulit1 tuos reliquit8 ,quanti hoc integ]1 ut uideb>is tibi =tunatus1 emisses6 ,nunc et amissas opes qu]]e2 quod pretiosissimum diuiti>um g5us e/ amicos inu5i/i4 ,,viii4 ,b le/ ?\ %\ld/ ?9k t ,i am at implacable w> ) ,=tune1 !re is a "t :5 ?is ?y goddess ceas+ to deceive des]ve? ( m51 to wit1 :5 %e decl>e? h]self1 :5 %e discov]e? h] face & %[e? h]self 9 h] own col\rs4 ,p]haps ?\ und]/&e/ n yet :at ,i say4 ,i w\ld utt] a wond]ful ?+1 insomu* z ,i c sc>cely explicate my m9d 9 words4 ,= ,i ?9k t ,=tune1 :5 %e is opposite1 is m pr(itable to m5 ?an :5 %e is fav\rable4 ,= 9 prosp]ity1 by a %[ ( happ9ess & seem+ to c>ess1 %e is ev] false1 b 9 adv]sity :5 %e %[e? h]self incon/ant by *ang+1 %e is ev] true4 ,9 t %e deceive?1 9 ?is %e in/ructe?2 9 t %e imprisone? ! m9ds ( m5 ) falsely seem+ goods1 :i* !y enjoy1 9 ?is %e sette? !m at lib]ty by discov]+ ! unc]ta9ty ( !m4 ,:]e=e1 9 t ?\ %alt alway see h] puff$ up1 & wav]+1 & bl9d$ ) a self-conceit ( h]self1 9 ?is ?\ %alt f9d h] sob]1 settl$1 &1 ) ! v ex]cise ( adv]sity1 wise4 ,f9ally1 prosp]ity ) h] flatt]+s )drawe? m5 f true goodness1 adv]sity recalle? & reclaime? !m _m times by =ce#abj to true happ9ess4 ,do/ ?\ e/eem x a small b5efit t ?is r\gh & h>% ,=tune ha? made kn[n unto !e ! m9ds ( ?y fai?ful fri5ds8 ,%e ha? sev]$ ?y assur$ f ?y d\btful fri5ds2 prosp]ity at h] dep>ture took away ) h] ^? :i* 7 h]s1 & left !e ?9e4 ,h[ de>ly w\ld/ ?\ h b\ght ?is be=e ?y fall1 & :5 ?\ seem$/ to ?yself =tunate6 ,n[ ?\ do/ ev5 lam5t ?y lo/ ri*es2 ?\ ha/ f\nd fri5ds1 ! mo/ preci\s treasure 9 ! _w4 #abj ,lit]ally1 pulle? !m back ) a hook4 ,,viii4 ,quod mundus /abili fide ,concordes u>iat uices1 ,quod pugnantia sem9a ,fo$us p]petuum t55t1 ,quod ,phoebus roseum diem #e ,curru pr\ehit aureo1 ,vt quas dux]it ,hesp]os ,phoebe noctibus imp]et1 ,vt fluctus auidum m>e ,c]to f9e co]ceat1 #aj ,ne t]ris liceat uagis ,latos t5d]e t]m9os1 ,hanc r]um s]iem ligat ,t]ras ac pelagus reg5s ,et caelo imp]itans amor4 #ae ,hic si fr5a remis]it1 ,quidquid nunc amat inuicem ,bellum cont9uo g]et ,et quam nunc socia fide ,pul*ris motibus incitant991 #bj ,c]t5t solu]e ma*9am4 ,hic sancto populos quoque ,iunctos fo$]e cont9et1 ,hic et coniugii sacrum ,ca/is nectit amoribus1 #be ,hic fidis etiam sua ,dictat iura sodalibus4 ,o felix hom9um g5us1 ,si ue/ros animos amor ,quo caelum regitur regat4 #cj ,,viii4 ,t ?is fair _w 9 settl$ c\rse h] sev]al =ms %\ld v>y1 ,t a p]petual law %\ld tame ! fight+ se$s ( ?+s1 ,t ,phoebus %\ld ! rosy day 9 8 bright *>iot c>ry1 ,t ,phoebe %\ld gov]n ! nights :i* ,hesp]us =? br+s1 ,t to ! floods ( gre$y seas are c]ta9 b\nds assign$1 ,:i* !m1 le/ !y usurp too mu* ^u ! e>?1 deb>1 ,love rul+ heav51 & e>?1 & seas1 !m 9 ?is c\rse do? b9d4 ,& if x once let loose _! re9s1 _! fri5d%ip turns to w>1 ,te>+ ! _w ^: ord]$ =m _! quiet motions be>4 ,by x all holy laws are made & m>riage rites are ti$1 ,by x is fai?ful fri5d%ip jo9$4 ,h[ happy mortals 71 ,if t pure love did guide _! m9ds1 :i* heav5ly sph]es do? guide6 ,,anicii ,,manlii ,,sev]9i ,,boe?ii ,v4,c4 ,,et ,,inl4 ,,excons4 ,,ord4 ,,patricii ,,philosophiae ,,consolationis ,,lib] ,,secvndvs ,,explicit ,,incipit ,,lib] ,,iii4 ,i4 ,iam cantum illa f9iu]at1 cum me audi5di auidum /up5temque arrectis adhuc auribus c>m9is mulc$o defix]at4 ,itaque paulo po/3 ,o1 inquam1 summum lassorum solam5 animorum quam tu me uel s5t5ti>um pond]e uel can5di etiam iucunditate ref\i/i6 ,adeo ut iam me po/ haec inp>em =tunae ictibus esse non arbitr]4 ,itaque rem$ia quae paulo acriora esse dicebas1 non modo non p]horresco1 s$ audi5di auidus uehem5t] efflagito4 ,tum illa ,s5si1 inquit1 cum u]ba no/ra tacitus att5tusque rapiebas1 eumque tuae m5tis habitum uel exspectaui uel1 quod e/ u]ius1 ipsa p]feci4 ,talia sunt quippe quae re/ant1 ut degu/ata quidem mordeant1 int]ius autem recepta dulcescant4 ,s$ quod tu te audi5di cupidum dicis1 quanto ardore flagr>es1 si quonam te duc]e aggr$iamur agnosc]es6 ,quonam8 inquam4 ,ad u]am1 inquit1 felicitatem1 quam tuus quoque somniat animus1 s$ occupato ad imag9es uisu ipsam illam non pote/ intu]i4 ,tum ego3 ,fac obsecro et quae illa u]a sit1 s9e cunctatione demon/ra4 ,faciam1 inquit illa1 tui causa lib5t]4 ,s$ quae tibi causa notior e/1 eam prius design>e u]bis atque in=m>e conabor ut ea p]specta cum 9 contr>iam p>tem flex]is oculos1 u]ae beatitud9is speciem possis agnosc]e4 ,,! ,,?ird ,,book ,,( ,,boe?ius ,i4 ,?\gh %e _h end$ h] v]se1 yet ! sweetness ( x made me rema9 a/oni%$1 att5tive1 & desir\s to he> h] long]4 ,:]e=e1 aft] a :ile1 ,i said3 ,o mo/ effectual refre%m5t ( we>i$ m9ds1 h[ h ,i be5 com=t$ ) ?y weighty s5t5ces & pleas+ music6 ,insomu* t ,i beg9 to ?9k myself n unable to enc\nt] ! assaults ( ,=tune4 ,:]e=e1 ,i am n n[ afraid1 b r e>ne/ly desire to "k ^? rem$ies1 :i* be=e ?\ tolde/ me 7 too %>p4 ,to :i* %e answ]$3 ,i p]ceiv$ z mu* z ?\ saye/1 :5 ,i saw !e he>k5 to my spee*es ) s great sil5ce & att5tion1 & ,i expect$ ?is disposition ( ?y m9d1 or r m truly caus$ x myself4 ,= ! rem$ies :i* rema9 are ( t sort t !y are bitt] to ! ta/e1 b be+ inw>dly receiv$ wax sweet4 ,& :]eas ?\ saye/ t ?\ art desir\s to he>2 h[ mu* w\ld ?is desire increase if ?\ knewe/ :i!r we g ab\t to br+ !e6 ,:i!r8 quo? ,i4 ,to true felicity1 quo? %e1 :i* ?y m9d also dreame? (1 b ?y sight is s dimm$ ) phantasies t ?\ can/ n behold x z x is4 ,!n ,i besee*$ h] to explicate )\t delay :]e9 true happ9ess consi/e?4 ,to :i* %e answ]$3 ,i w will+ly d s = ?y sake1 b fir/ ,i w endeav\r to decl>e 9 words & to give %ape to t :i* is bett] kn[n unto !e1 t1 hav+ ?or\ghly und]/ood x1 by reflect+ ( ! contr>y ?\ maye/ discov] ! type ( p]fect bless$ness4 ,i4 ,qui s]]e +5uum uolet agrum1 ,lib]at arua prius fruticibus1 ,falce rubos filicemque resecat1 ,vt n\a fruge grauis ,c]es eat4 ,dulcior e/ apium mage labor1 #e ,si malus ora prius sapor edat4 ,gratius a/ra nit5t ubi ,notus ,des9it imbrif]os d>e sonos4 ,lucif] ut t5ebras pepul]it ,pul*ra dies roseos agit equos4 #aj ,tu quoque falsa tu5s bona prius ,incipe colla iugo retrah]e4 ,v]a deh9c animum subi]9t4 ,i4 ,he t a fruitful field w s[1 ,do? fir/ ! gr\nd f bu%es free1 ,all f]n & bri>s likewise m[1 ,t he 8 h>ve/ great may see4 ,honey seems sweet] to our ta/e1 ,if cloy$ ) noisome food x be4 ,/>s cle>] %9e :5 ,notus' bla/ ,ha? ceas$ ! ra9y /orms to bre$4 ,:5 ,lucif] ha? night defac$1 ,! day's bright horses !n succe$4 ,s ?\1 :om seem+ goods d fe$1 ,fir/ %ake (f yokes :i* s !e press ,t ,tru? may !n ?y m9d possess4 ,,ii4 ,tum defixo paululum uisu et uelut 9 augu/am suae m5tis s$em recepta sic coepit3 ,omnis mortalium cura quam multiplicium /udiorum labor ex]cet1 diu]so quidem calle proc$it1 s$ ad unum tam5 beatitud9is f9em nititur p]u5ire4 ,id autem e/ bonum quo quis adepto nihil ult]ius desid]>e queat4 ,quod quidem e/ omnium summum bonorum cunctaque intra se bona cont95s1 cui si quid a=et summum esse non posset1 quoniam rel9qu]etur extr9secus quod posset opt>i4 ,liquet igitur esse beatitud9em /atum bonorum omnium congregatione p]fectum4 ,hunc1 uti diximus1 diu]so tramite mortales omnes conantur adipisci4 ,e/ enim m5tibus hom9um u]i boni naturalit] ins]ta cupiditas1 s$ ad falsa deuius error abducit4 ,quorum quidem alii summum bonum esse nihilo indig]e cr$5tes ut diuitiis affluant elaborant2 alii u]o bonum quod sit dignissimum u5]atione iudicantes adeptis honoribus reu]5di ciuibus suis esse nituntur4 ,sunt qui summum bonum 9 summa pot5tia esse con/ituant2 hi uel regn>e ipsi uolunt uel regnantibus adha]]e conantur4 ,at quibus optimum quiddam cl>itas uidetur1 hi uel belli uel pacis artibus gloriosum nom5 propag>e fe/9ant4 ,plurimi u]o boni fructum gaudio laetitiaque metiuntur2 hi felicissimum putant uoluptate difflu]e4 ,sunt etiam qui horum f9es causasque alt]utro p]mut5t1 ut qui diuitias ob pot5tiam uoluptatesque desid]ant uel qui pot5tiam seu pecuniae causa seu pr(]5di nom9is appetunt4 ,9 8 igitur cet]isque talibus humanorum actuum uotorumque u]satur int5tio1 ueluti nobilitas fauorque popul>is quae uid5tur qu&am cl>itud9em comp>>e1 uxor ac lib]i quae iucunditatis gratia petuntur2 amicorum u]o quod sanctissimum quidem g5us e/1 non 9 =tuna s$ 9 uirtute num]atur1 reliquum u]o uel pot5tiae causa uel delectationis assumitur4 ,iam u]o corporis bona promptum e/ ut ad sup]iora ref]antur4 ,robur enim magnitudoque uidetur prae/>e ual5tiam1 pul*ritudo atque uelocitas celebritatem1 salubritas uoluptatem2 quibus omnibus solam beatitud9em desid]>i liquet4 ,nam quod quisque prae cet]is petit1 id summum esse iudicat bonum4 ,s$ summum bonum beatitud9em esse def9iuimus2 qu>e beatum esse iudicat /atum quem prae cet]is quisque desid]at4 ,habes igitur ante oculos propositam f]e =mam felicitatis humanae--opes1 honores1 pot5tiam1 gloriam1 uoluptates4 ,quae quidem sola consid]ans ,epicurus consequ5t] sibi summum bonum uoluptatem esse con/ituit1 quod cet]a omnia iucunditatem animo uideantur aff]re4 ,s$ ad hom9um /udia reu]tor1 quorum animus etsi caligante memoria tam5 bonum suum repetit1 s$ uelut ebrius domum quo tramite reu]tatur ignorat4 ,num enim uid5tur err>e hi qui nihilo indig]e nituntur8 ,atqui non e/ aliud quod aeque p]fic]e beatitud9em possit quam copiosus bonorum omnium /atus nec ali5i eg5s s$ sibi ipse suffici5s4 ,num u]o labuntur hi qui quod sit optimum1 id etiam reu]5tiae cultu dignissimum put5t8 ,m9ime4 ,neque enim uile quiddam contemn5dumque e/ quod adipisci omnium f]e mortalium laborat int5tio4 ,an 9 bonis non e/ num]&a pot5tia8 ,quid igitur8 ,num imbecillum ac s9e uiribus ae/im&um e/1 quod omnibus rebus con/at esse prae/antius8 ,an cl>itudo nihili p5d5da e/8 ,s$ seque/r>i nequit qu9 omne quod excell5tissimum sit id etiam uideatur esse cl>issimum4 ,nam non esse anxiam tri/emque beatitud9em nec doloribus mole/iisque subiectam quid att9et dic]e1 qu&o 9 m9imis quoque rebus id appetitur quod hab]e fruique delectet8 ,atqui haec sunt quae adipisci hom9es uolunt eaque de causa diuitias1 dignitates1 regna1 gloriam uoluptatesque desid]ant quod p] haec sibi suffici5tiam1 reu]5tiam1 pot5tiam1 celebritatem1 laetitiam cr$unt esse u5turam4 ,bonum e/ igitur quod tam diu]sis /udiis hom9es petunt2 9 quo quanta sit naturae uis facile mon/ratur1 cum licet u>iae dissid5tesque s5t5tiae tam5 9 dilig5do boni f9e cons5tiunt4 ,,ii4 ,!n1 = a :ile look+ /eadfa/ly ^u ! gr\nd1 &1 z x 71 retir+ h]self to ! mo/ secret seat ( h] s\l1 %e began 9 ?is mann]3 ,all m5's ?\ghts1 :i* are turmoil$ ) manifold c>es1 take inde$ div]s c\rses1 b yet endeav\r to atta9 ! same end ( happ9ess1 :i* is t good :i*1 be+ once obta9$1 no?+ c be fur!r desir$4 ,:i* is ! *iefe/ ( all goods1 & conta9e? 9 itself :atsoev] is good1 & if x want$ any?+ x c\ld n be ! *iefe/1 because !re w\ld some?+ rema9 besides x :i* might be wi%$ =4 ,:]e=e1 x is manife/ t bless$ness is an e/ate repl5i%$ ) all t is good4 ,?is1 z we said1 all m5 endeav\r to obta9 by div]s ways4 ,= !re is naturally +raft$ 9 m5's m9ds an e>ne/ desire ( t :i* is truly good2 b deceitful error )drawe? x to t :i* falsely seeme? su*4 ,s t "s1 e/eem+ x _! greate/ good to want no?+1 lab\r by all means to ab\nd ) ri*es2 o!rs1 deem+ t to be good :i* is mo/ des]v+ ( hon\r1 hunt aft] pref]m5ts1 to be respect$ by _! fell[-citiz5s4 ,o!rs ?9k x ! greate/ felicity to h great p[] & au?ority1 & ^! w ei!r reign !mselves or at lea/ procure to be great ) pr9ces4 ,b !y :o ?9k fame bett] ?an all ^!1 make all spe$ possible to spread _! names f> & ne>1 by a*iev+ "s wor?y ent]prise ei!r 9 w> or peace4 ,_m measure good by joy & mir?1 & _! *iefe/ c>e is h[ !y may ab\nd ) pleasure4 ,"s int]*ange ! ends & means ( ^! ?+s "o ) ! o!r1 want+ n[ ri*es = ! sake ( p[] & pleasure1 n[ p[] = ! sake ( weal? & fame4 ,at ^! & su* o!r d m5's actions & desires aim1 z nobility & popul>ity1 :i* make m5 e/eem$2 wife & *ildr51 :i* br+ pleasure & delight4 ,b fri5d%ip1 t mo/ sacr$ ?+1 is r to be attribut$ to virtue ?an to =tune4 ,o!r ?+s = ! mo/ "p are desir$ ei!r = p[] or pleasure4 ,& x is an easy matt] to r$uce all corporal goods to ! =m] heads4 ,= /r5g? & greatness give ability2 beauty & swiftness1 fame2 & heal? yielde? pleasure4 ,by all :i* we manife/ly seek = no?+ else b happ9ess4 ,= t :i* e man seeke? mo/ aft]1 is by him e/eem$ 8 greate/ good4 ,:i* is all "o ) happ9ess4 ,:]e=e he e/eeme? t e/ate happy :i* he pref]re? be=e all o!r4 ,& ?us ?\ ha/ 9 a mann] se5 ! =m ( human felicity--ri*es1 hon\r1 p[]1 glory1 pleasure4 ,:i* ,epicurus only consid]+1 consequ5tly took pleasure = 8 *iefe/ good1 because all ! re/ seem$ to delight ! m9d4 ,b ,i return to ! c>eful ?\ghts ( m51 ^: m9ds1 ?\gh obscur$1 yet seek aft] ! greate/ good1 b l a drunk5 man "k n ! way home4 ,= seem !y to err :o endeav\r to want no?+8 ,b no?+ c cause happ9ess s mu* z ! pl5tiful possession ( all t is good1 ne$+ ! help ( none1 b is suffici5t ( itself4 ,or d !y err :o take t :i* is be/ to be likewise mo/ wor?y ( respect8 ,no4 ,= x is no vile or contemptible ?+ :i* almo/ all m5 lab\r to obta94 ,or is n p[] to be e/eem$ good8 ,:y1 !n1 is t to be acc\nt$ feeble & ( no =ce1 :i* manife/ly surpasses all o!r ?+s8 ,or is fame to be contemn$8 ,b x _c be ignor$ t ! mo/ excell5t is also mo/ fam\s4 ,= to :at purpose %\ld ,i say t happ9ess is n sad or melan*oly1 or subject to grief & tr\ble1 :5 ev5 9 smalle/ matt]s we desire t :i* we delight to h & enjoy8 ,& ^! be ! ?+s :i* m5 desire to obta91 & to ?is end procure ri*es1 dignities1 k+doms1 glory1 & pleasures1 because by !m !y ?9k to h suffici5cy1 respect1 p[]1 fame1 delight1 & joy4 ,:]e=e1 t is good :i* m5 seek aft] by div]s desires1 9 :i* ! =ce ( nature is easily descri$1 s9ce ?\gh !re be _m & diff]5t op9ions1 yet !y agree 9 *oos+ = _! end t :i* is good4 ,,ii4 ,quantas r]um flectat hab5as ,natura pot5s1 quibus inm5sum ,legibus orbem pr\ida s]uet ,/r+atque ligans inresoluto ,s+ula nexu1 placet arguto #e ,fidibus l5tis prom]e cantu4 ,quamuis ,po5i pul*ra leones ,v9cula ge/5t manibusque datas ,capt5t escas metuantque trucem ,soliti u]b]a f]re magi/rum1 #aj ,si cruor horrida t9x]it ora1 ,resides olim r$eunt animi ,fremituque graui mem9]e sui2 ,laxant nodis colla solutis ,primusque lac] d5te cru5to #ae ,domitor rabidas imbuit iras4 ,quae canit altis g>rula ramis ,ales caueae clauditur antro2 ,huic licet inlita pocula melle ,l>gasque dapes dulci /udio #bj ,lud5s hom9um cura m9i/ret1 ,si tam5 arto sali5s texto ,nemorum gratas uid]it umbras1 ,sp>sas p$ibus prot]it escas1 ,siluas tantum mae/a requirit1 #be ,siluas dulci uoce susurrat4 ,validis quondam uiribus acta ,pronum flectit uirga cacum52 ,hanc si curuans dextra remisit1 ,recto spectat u]tice caelum4 #cj ,cadit ,hesp]ias ,phoebus 9 undas1 ,s$ secreto tramite rursus ,currum solitos u]tit ad ortus4 ,repetunt proprios quaeque recursus ,r$ituque suo s+ula gaud5t #ce ,nec manet ulli traditus ordo ,nisi quod f9i iunx]it ortum ,/abilemque sui fec]it orbem4 ,,ii4 ,h[ ! fir/ re9s ( all ?+s guid$ are ,by p[]ful ,nature z ! *iefe/ cause1 ,& h[ %e keeps1 ) a =esee+ c>e1 ,! spaci\s _w 9 ord] by h] laws1 ,& to sure knots :i* no?+ c untie1 ,by h] /rong h& all e>?ly motions draws-- ,to %[ all ?is we purpose n[ to try ,our pliant /r+1 our musick's ?rill+ s\nd4 ,al?\gh ! ,libyan lions (t5 lie ,g5tle & tame 9 spl5did fett]s b\nd1#aba ,& fe>+ _! inc5s$ ma/]'s wra?1 ,) pati5t looks endure ea* bl[ & w\nd1 ,yet if _! jaws !y once 9 blood d ba!1 ,!y1 ga9+ c\rage1#abb ) fi]ce noise awake ,! =ce :i* ,nature 9 !m seat$ ha?1 ,& f _! necks ! brok5 *a9s d %ake2 ,!n he t tam$ !m fir/ do? feel _! rage1 ,& torn 9 pieces do? _! fury slake4 ,! bird %ut up 9 an unpleas+ cage1 ,:i* on ! l(ty trees did lately s+1 ,?\gh m51 h] want ( fre$om to assuage1 ,%\ld unto h] ) c>eful lab\r br+ ,! sweete/ meats :i* !y c be/ devise1 ,yet :5 )9 h] prison flutt]+ ,! pleas+ %ad[s ( ! groves %e spies1 ,h] hat$ food %e scatt]s ) h] feet1 ,9 ye>n+ _s to ! woods %e flies1 ,! woods' delights d tune h] acc5ts sweet4 ,:5 "s /rong h& do? t5d] plant con/ra9 ,) 8 debas$ top ! gr\nd to meet1 ,if x let g1 ! crook$ twig aga9 ,up t[>d ,heav5 itself x /raight do? raise4 ,phoebus do? fall into ! we/]n ma91 ,yet do? he back return by secret ways1 ,& to ! e>? do? guide 8 *>iot's race4 ,ea* ?+ a c]ta9 c\rse & laws obeys1 ,/riv+ to turn back to 8 prop] place2 ,nor any settl$ ord] c be f\nd1 ,b t :i* do? )9 itself embrace ,! bir?s & ends ( all ?+s 9 a r\nd4 #aba ,lit]ally1 & take food (f]$ by ! h&4 #abb ,lit]ally1 _! spirits1 hi!rto sluggi%1 return4 ,,iii4 ,vos quoque1 o t]r5a animalia1 t5ui licet imag9e ue/rum tam5 pr9cipium somniatis u]umque illum beatitud9is f9em licet m9ime p]spicaci qualicumque tam5 cogitatione prospicitis eoque uos et ad u]um bonum naturalis ducit int5tio et ab eodem multiplex error abducit4 ,consid]a namque an p] ea quibus se hom9es adepturos beatitud9em putant ad de/9atum f9em ualeant p]u5ire4 ,si enim uel pecuniae uel honores cet]aque tale quid aff]unt cui nihil bonorum abesse uideatur1 nos quoque fateamur fi]i aliquos horum adeptione felices4 ,quod si neque id ual5t effic]e quod promittunt bonisque pluribus c>5t1 nonne liquido falsa 9 eis beatitud9is species depreh5ditur8 ,primum igitur te ipsum qui paulo ante diuitiis affluebas1 int]rogo3 ,int] illas abundantissimas opes numquamne animum tuum concepta ex qualibet iniuria confudit anxietas8 ,atqui1 inquam1 lib]o me fuisse animo qu9 aliquid semp] ang]] rem9isci non queo4 ,nonne quia uel ab]at quod abesse non uelles uel ad]at quod adesse noluisses8 ,ita e/1 inquam4 ,illius igitur praes5tiam huius abs5tiam desid]abas8 ,confiteor1 inquam4 ,eget u]o1 inquit1 eo quod quisque desid]at8 ,eget1 inquam4 ,qui u]o eget aliquo1 non e/ usquequaque sibi ipse suffici5s8 ,m9ime1 inquam4 ,tu itaque hanc insuffici5tiam pl5us1 inquit1 opibus su/9ebas8 ,quidni8 inquam4 ,opes igitur nihilo indig5tem suffici5temque sibi fac]e nequeunt et hoc erat quod promitt]e uidebantur4 ,atqui hoc quoque maxime consid]&um puto quod nihil habeat suapte natura pecunia ut 8 a quibus possidetur inuitis nequeat auf]ri4 ,fateor1 inquam4 ,quidni fate>e1 cum eam cotidie ual5tior aliquis eripiat inuito8 ,vnde enim =5ses qu]imoniae nisi quod uel ui uel fraude nol5tibus pecuniae repetuntur ereptae8 ,ita e/1 inquam4 ,egebit igitur1 inquit1 extr9secus petito praesidio quo suam pecuniam quisque tueatur8 ,quis id1 inquam1 neget8 ,atqui non eg]et eo1 nisi possid]et pecuniam quam posset amitt]e8 ,dubit>i1 inquam1 nequit4 ,9 contr>ium igitur relapsa res e/2 nam quae suffici5tes sibi fac]e putabantur opes1 ali5o potius praesidio faciunt indig5tes4 ,quis autem modus e/ quo pellatur diuitiis indig5tia8 ,num enim diuites esurire nequeunt8 ,num sitire non possunt8 ,num frigus hib]num pecuniosorum membra non s5tiunt8 ,s$ ade/1 inquies1 opul5tis quo famem sati5t1 quo sitim frigusque depellant4 ,s$ hoc modo consol>i quidem diuitiis indig5tia pote/1 auf]ri p5itus non pote/4 ,nam si haec hians semp] atque aliquid posc5s opibus expletur1 maneat necesse e/ quae possit expl]i4 ,taceo quod naturae m9imum1 quod au>itiae nihil satis e/4 ,qu>e si opes nec subm\]e possunt indig5tiam et ipsae suam faciunt1 quid e/ quod eas suffici5tiam prae/>e cr$atis8 ,,iii4 ,y also1 ,o e>?ly creatures1 ?\gh slightly & z x 7 9 a dream ackn[l$ge y\r beg9n+1 & ?\gh n p]spicu\sly yet 9 "s sort behold t true end ( happ9ess1 s t ! int5tion ( nature leade? y to ! true good1 & manifold error )drawe? y f x4 ,= consid] :e!r ^? ?+s1 by :i* m5 ?9k to obta9 happ9ess1 c br+ !m to _! desir$ end4 ,= if ei!r money1 or hon\r1 or any ( ! re/ be ( t quality t !y want no?+ :i* is good1 we w also confess t !y are able to make m5 happy4 ,b if !y nei!r be able to p]=m t !y promise1 & want _m ?+s :i* are good1 are !y n manife/ly discov]$ to h a false appe>ance ( happ9ess8 ,fir/ !n1 ,i ask !e ?yself1 :o n long s9ce did/ ab\nd ) weal?2 9 t pl5ty ( ri*es1 0 ?y m9d nev] tr\bl$ ) any injuries8 ,i _c rememb]1 quo? ,i1 t ev] my m9d 0 s free f tr\ble b t some?+ or o!r /ill vex$ me4 ,0 x n because ?\ ei!r want$/ some?+ :i* ?\ w\ld/ h _h1 or else had/ some?+ :i* ?\ w\ld/ h want$8 ,x is true1 quo? ,i4 ,!n ?\ desir$/ ! pres5ce ( t1 & ! abs5ce ( ?is8 ,i confess ,i did1 quo? ,i4 ,& do? n a man want t1 quo? %e1 :i* he desire?8 ,he do?1 quo? ,i4 ,b he t wante? any?+ is n altoge!r suffici5t ( himself8 ,he is n1 quo? ,i4 ,s t ?\ felte/ ?is insuffici5cy1 ev5 ! height ( ?y weal?8 ,:y n8 quo? ,i4 ,!n ri*es _c make a man want+ no?+ nor suffici5t ( himself1 & ?is 0 t !y seem$ to promise4 ,b ?is is mo/ ( all to be consid]$1 t money ha? no?+ ( itself :i* c keep x f be+ tak5 f !m :i* possess x1 aga9/ _! w4 ,i grant x1 quo? ,i4 ,:y %\ld/ ?\ n grant x1 s9ce t e day ^? :i* are m pot5t take x f o!rs p]=ce8 ,= f :5ce proce$ s _m compla9ts 9 law1 b t money gott5 ei!r by viol5ce or deceit is s\ght to be recov]$ by t means8 ,x is s inde$1 quo? ,i4 ,s t e man ne$e? "s o!r help to def5d 8 money8 ,:o d5ies t8 quo? ,i4 ,b he %\ld n ne$ t help1 unless he _h money :i* he might lose8 ,!re is no d\bt ( t1 quo? ,i4 ,n[ !n ! matt] is fall5 out q contr>y2 = ri*es1 :i* are ?\ght to suffice ( !mselves1 r make m5 /& 9 ne$ ( o!r helps4 ,& aft] :at mann] d ri*es expel p5ury8 ,= are n ri* m5 hungry8 ,are !y n ?ir/y8 ,or do? mu* money make ! own]s s5seless ( cold 9 w9t]8 ,b ?\ wilt say1 weal?y m5 h :]e)al to satisfy _! hung]1 slake _! ?ir/1 & def5d !mselves f cold4 ,b 9 ?is sort1 ?\gh want may be some:at reliev$ by weal?1 yet x _c altoge!r be tak5 away4 ,= if ev] gap+ & crav+ x be satiat$ by ri*es1 !re mu/ ne$s always rema9 some?+ to be satiat$4 ,i omit1 t to nature v little1 to covet\sness no?+ is suffici5t4 ,:]e=e if ri*es c nei!r remove wants1 & cause "s !mselves1 :y imag9e y t !y c cause suffici5cy8 ,,iii4 ,quamuis flu5te diues auri gurgite ,non expleturas cogat au>us opes ,on]etque bacis colla rubri litoris ,ruraque c5t5o sc9dat opima b\e1 ,nec cura mordax des]et sup]/item1 #e ,defunctumque leues non comitantur opes4 ,,iii4 ,al?\gh ! ri* man f 8 m9es ( gold ,dig treasure :i* 8 m9d c nev] fill1 ,& l(ty neck ) preci\s pe>ls enfold1 ,& 8 fat fields ) _m ox5 till1 ,yet bit+ c>es w nev] leave 8 head1 ,nor w 8 weal? att5d him be+ dead4 ,,iv4 ,s$ dignitates honorabilem reu]5dumque cui pr\5]9t r$dunt4 ,num uis ea e/ magi/ratibus ut ut5tium m5tibus uirtutes ins]ant uitia depellant8 ,atqui non fug>e s$ illu/r>e potius nequitiam sol5t2 quo fit ut indignemur eas saepe nequissimis hom9ibus contigisse1 unde ,catullus licet 9 curuli ,nonium s$5tem /rumam tam5 appellat4 ,videsne quantum malis d$ecus adiciant dignitates8 ,atqui m9us eorum patebit indignitas1 si nullis honoribus incl>escant4 ,tu quoque num t&em tot p]iculis adduci potui/i ut cum ,decorato g]]e magi/ratum put>es1 cum 9 eo m5tem nequissimi scurrae delatorisque respic]es8 ,non enim possumus ob honores reu]5tia dignos iudic>e quos ipsis honoribus iudicamus indignos4 ,at si quem sapi5tia pra$itum uid]es1 num posses eum uel reu]5tia uel ea qua e/ pra$itus sapi5tia non dignum put>e8 ,m9ime4 ,ine/ enim dignitas propria uirtuti1 quam prot9us 9 eos quibus fu]it adiuncta transfundit4 ,quod quia popul>es fac]e nequeunt honores1 liquet eos propriam dignitatis pul*ritud9em non hab]e4 ,9 quo illud e/ animadu]t5dum magis4 ,nam si eo abiectior e/ quo magis a pluribus quisque contemnitur1 cum reu]5dos fac]e nequeat quos pluribus o/5tat1 despectiores potius improbos dignitas facit4 ,v]um non impune2 r$dunt namque improbi p>em dignitatibus uicem quas sua contagione commaculant4 ,atque ut agnoscas u]am illam reu]5tiam p] has umbratiles dignitates non posse cont+]e2 si qui multiplici consulatu functus 9 b>b>as nationes =te deu5]it1 u5]&umne b>b>is honor faciet8 ,atqui si hoc naturale munus dignitatibus =et1 ab (ficio suo quoquo g5tium nullo modo cess>5t1 sicut ignis ubique t]r>um numquam tam5 cal]e desi/it1 s$ quoniam id eis non propria uis s$ hom9um fallax adnectit op9io1 uanescunt ilico1 cum ad eos u5]9t qui dignitates eas esse non ae/imant4 ,s$ hoc apud ext]as nationes4 ,int] eos u]o apud quos ortae sunt1 num p]petuo p]durant8 ,atqui praetura magna olim pote/as nunc inane nom5 et s5atorii c5sus grauis s>c9a2 si quis populi quondam curasset annonam1 magnus habebatur1 nunc ea praefectura quid abiectius8 ,vt enim paulo ante diximus1 quod nihil habet proprii decoris1 op9ione ut5tium nunc spl5dorem accipit nunc amittit4 ,si igitur reu]5dos fac]e nequeunt dignitates1 si ultro improborum contagione sordescunt1 si mutatione temporum spl5d]e des9unt1 si g5tium ae/imatione uilescunt1 quid e/ quod 9 se expet5dae pul*ritud9is habeant1 n$um aliis prae/5t8 ,,iv4 ,b dignities make him hon\rable & rev]5d on :om !y light4 ,h (fices t =ce to plant virtues & expel vices 9 ! m9ds ( ^? :o h !m8 ,b !y are n wont to bani%1 b r to make wick$ness spl5did4 ,s t we _m times compla9 because mo/ wick$ m5 obta9 !m4 ,:]eupon ,catullus call$ ,nonius a scab or impo/ume ?\gh he sat 9 8 *air ( e/ate4#abc ,see/ ?\ :at great ignom9y dignities heap ^u evil m58 ,= _! unwor?9ess w\ld less appe> if !y 7 nev] advanc$ to any hon\rs4 ,c\ld s _m dang]s ev] make !e ?9k to be> (fice ) ,decoratus1#abd hav+ discov]$ him to be a v v>let & spy8 ,= we _c = _! hon\rs acc\nt !m wor?y ( respect :om we judge unwor?y ( ! hon\rs !mselves4 ,b if ?\ see/ any man endu$ ) wisdom1 can/ ?\ e/eem him unwor?y ( t respect or wisdom :i* he ha?8 ,no1 truly4 ,= virtue ha? a prop] dignity ( h] own1 :i* %e pres5tly endue? h] possessors )al4 ,:i* s9ce popul> pref]m5ts _c d1 x is manife/ t !y h n ! beauty :i* is prop] to true dignity4 ,9 :i* we are f>!r to consid] t1 if to be contemn$ ( _m make m5 abject1 dignities make ! wick$ to be despis$ ! m by lay+ !m op5 to ! view ( ! _w4 ,b ! dignities g n scot-free1 = wick$ m5 d z mu* = !m1 defil+ !m ) _! own infection4 ,& t ?\ may/ pla9ly see t true respect _c be gott5 by ^! pa9t$ dignities1 let "o t ha? be5 (t5 ,consul g among b>b>\s nations2 w t hon\r make ^? b>b>\s p respect him8 ,& yet1 if ?is 7 natural to dignities1 !y w\ld nev] =sake _! function 9 any nation :atsoev]2 z fire1 :]esoev] x be1 always rema9e? hot4 ,b because n _! own nature1 b ! deceitful op9ion ( m5 attribute? t to !m1 !y =?) come to no?+1 be+ br\ght to !m :o e/eem !m n to be dignities4 ,& ?is = =eign nations4 ,b d !y always la/ among !m :]e !y _h _! beg9n+8 ,! ,praetor%ip1 a great dignity 9 "t pa/1 is n[ an idle "n1 & an heavy burd5 ( ! ,s5ate's =tune4 ,if h]et(ore "o _h c>e ( ! p's provision1 he 0 acc\nt$ a great man2 n[ :at is m abject ?an t (fice8 ,= z we said be=e1 t :i* ha? no prop] dignity belong+ unto x sometime receive? & sometime lose? 8 value at ! us]s' discretion4 ,:]e=e if dignities _c make u respect$1 if !y be easily defil$ ) ! infection ( ! wick$1 if _! wor? decays by *ange ( times1 if div]sities ( nations make !m contemptible1 :at beauty h !y 9 !mselves1 or c !y af=d to o!rs1 wor? ! desir+8 #abc ,cf4 ,catull4 lii4 #abd ,decoratus 0 quae/or circa #ejh2 cf4 ,cassiod4 ,ep4 v4 #c & #d4 ,,iv4 ,quamuis se ,tyrio sup]bus o/ro ,com]et et niueis lapillis1 ,inuisus tam5 omnibus uigebat ,luxuriae ,n]o saeui5tis4 ,s$ quondam dabat improbus u]5dis #e ,patribus indecores curules4 ,quis illos igitur putet beatos ,quos mis]i tribuunt honores8 ,,iv4 ,?\gh fi]ce & lu/ful ,n]o did adorn ,himself ) purple robes1 :i* pe>ls did grace1 ,he did b ga9 a g5]al hate & scorn4 ,yet wick$ly he (fic]s mo/ base ,ov] ! rev]5d ,s5ators did place4 ,:o w\ld e/eem ( fad+ hon\rs !n ,:i* may be giv5 ?us by ! wick$e/ m58 ,v4 ,an u]o regna regumque famili>itas effic]e pot5tem ualet8 ,quidni1 qu&o eorum felicitas p]petuo p]durat8 ,atqui pl5a e/ exemplorum uetu/as1 pl5a etiam praes5s aetas1 qui reges felicitatem calamitate mutau]9t4 ,o praecl>a pot5tia quae ne ad cons]uationem quidem sui satis efficax inu5itur6 ,quod si haec regnorum pote/as beatitud9is auctor e/1 nonne si qua p>te defu]it1 felicitatem m9uat1 mis]iam inportet8 ,s$ quamuis late humana t5dantur imp]ia1 plures necesse e/ g5tes rel9qui quibus regum quisque non imp]et4 ,qua u]o p>te beatos faci5s des9it pote/as1 hac inpot5tia sub9trat quae mis]os facit2 hoc igitur modo maiorem regibus inesse necesse e/ mis]iae portionem4 ,exp]tus sortis suae p]iculorum tyrannus regni metus p5d5tis supra u]ticem gladii t]rore simulauit4 ,quae e/ igitur haec pote/as quae sollicitud9um morsus expell]e1 quae =mid9um aculeos uit>e nequit8 ,atqui uell5t ipsi uixisse securi1 s$ nequeunt2 deh9c de pote/ate gloriantur4 ,an tu pot5tem c5ses quem uideas uelle quod non possit effic]e8 ,pot5tem c5ses qui satellite latus ambit1 qui quos t]ret ipse plus metuit1 qui ut pot5s esse uideatur1 9 s]ui5tium manu situm e/8 ,nam quid ego de regum famili>ibus diss]am1 cum regna ipsa tantae inbecillitatis pl5a demon/rem8 ,quos quidem regia pote/as saepe incolumis saepe autem lapsa pro/]nit4 ,n]o ,s5ecam famili>em praeceptoremque suum ad elig5dae mortis coegit arbitrium4 ,pap9ianum diu int] aulicos pot5tem militum gladiis ,anton9us obiecit4 ,atqui ut]que pot5tiae suae r5unti>e uolu]unt1 quorum ,s5eca opes etiam suas trad]e ,n]oni seque 9 otium conf]re conatus e/2 s$ dum ruituros moles ipsa trahit1 neut] quod uoluit effecit4 ,quae e/ igitur i/a pot5tia quam p]timescunt hab5tes1 quam nec cum hab]e uelis tutus sis et cum depon]e cupias uit>e non possis8 ,an praesidio sunt amici quos non uirtus s$ =tuna conciliat8 ,s$ quem felicitas amicum fecit1 in=tunium faciet inimicum4 ,quae u]o pe/is efficacior ad noc5dum quam famili>is inimicus8 ,v4 ,b c k+doms & ! famili>ity ( k+s make a man mighty8 ,:y n1 :5 _! felicity la/e? always8 ,b bo? =m] & pres5t times are full ( examples t _m k+s h *ang$ _! happ9ess ) mis]y4 ,o excell5t p[]1 :i* is n suffici5t to uphold itself6 ,& if ?is /r5g? ( k+doms be ! au?or ( bless$ness1 do? x n dim9i% happ9ess & br+ mis]y1 :5 x is 9 any way defective8 ,b ?\gh "s empires ext5d !mselves f>1 !re w /ill rema9 _m nations out ( _! dom9ions4 ,n[1 :]e ! p[] ende? :i* make? !m happy1 !re ent]e? ! contr>y :i* make? !m mis]able1 s t all k+s mu/ ne$s h less happ9ess ?an mis]y4 ,t ,tyrant1 kn[+ by exp]i5ce ! dang]s ( 8 e/ate1 signifi$ ! fe>s incid5t to a k+dom1 by ! hang+ ( a drawn sword ov] a man's head4#abe ,:at p[] is ?is1 !n1 :i* _c expel nor avoid bit+ c>es & prick+ fe>s8 ,!y w\ld will+ly h liv$ securely1 b c\ld n1 & yet !y brag ( _! p[]4 ,?9ke/ ?\ him mighty :om ?\ see/ desire t :i* he _c d8 ,?9ke/ ?\ him mighty :o d>e? n g )\t 8 gu>d2 :o fe>e? o!rs m ?an !y fe> him2 :o _c seem mighty1 except 8 s]vants please8 ,= :at %\ld ,i speak ( k+s' foll[]s1 s9ce ,i %[ t k+doms !mselves are s full ( weakness8 ,:om ! p[] ( k+s (t5 /&+1 b _m times fall+1 do? ov]?r[4 ,n]o compell$ ,s5eca1 8 famili> fri5d & ma/]1 to make *oice ( 8 own dea?4#abf ,anton9us call$ ,pap9ianus1 :o _h be5 long a gallant c\rti]1 to be cut 9 pieces ) 8 soldi]s' swords4#abg ,yet !y w\ld bo? h r5\nc$ _! p[]1 yea ,s5eca endeav\r$ to deliv] up 8 ri*es also to ,n]o1 & to give himself to a contemplative life4 ,b _! v greatness draw+ !m to _! de/ruction1 nei!r ( !m c\ld compass t :i* !y desir$4 ,:]e=e :at p[] is ?is t ! possessors fe>1 :i* :5 ?\ wilt h1 ?\ art n secure1 & :5 ?\ wilt leave1 ?\ can/ n avoid8 ,are we ! bett] = ^? fri5ds :i* love u n = our virtue b = our prosp]ity8 ,b :om prosp]ity make? our fri5d1 adv]sity w make our enemy4 ,& :at plague is able to hurt u m ?an a famili> enemy8 #abe ,cic4 ,tusc4 ,disp4 v4 #ba4 #fb4 #abf ,cf4 ,tac4 ,ann4 xiv4 #ec1 #ed4 #abg ,cf4 ,sp>tian4 ,c>acallus #h4 ,v4 ,qui se uolet esse pot5tem ,animos domet ille f]oces ,nec uicta libid9e colla ,fo$is submittat hab5is4 ,et5im licet ,indica longe #e ,tellus tua iura tremescat ,et s]uiat ultima ,?yle1 ,tam5 atras pell]e curas ,mis]asque fug>e qu]elas ,non posse pot5tia non e/4 #aj ,v4 ,:o w\ld be p[]ful1 mu/ ,8 own affections *eck1 ,nor let f\l re9s ( lu/ ,subdue 8 conqu]$ neck4 ,= ?\gh ! ,indian l& ,%\ld tremble at ?y beck1 ,& ?\gh ?y dread comm& ,f> ,?ule's isle obey1 ,unless ?\ can/ )/& ,& boldly drive away ,black c>e & wret*$ moan1 ,?y might is small or none4 ,,vi4 ,gloria u]o quam fallax saepe1 quam turpis e/6 ,vnde non iniuria tragicus exclamat3 ,greek3 ,o doxa doxa murioisi dae broton oud5 gegosi bioton onkosas megan4 ,plures enim magnum saepe nom5 falsis uulgi op9ionibus ab/ul]unt2 quo quid turpius excogit>i pote/8 ,nam qui falso pra$icantur1 suis ipsi necesse e/ laudibus erubescant4 ,quae si etiam m]itis conquisita sit1 quid tam5 sapi5tis adiec]it consci5tiae qui bonum suum non popul>i rumore1 s$ consci5tiae u]itate metitur8 ,quod si hoc ipsum propagasse nom5 pul*rum uidetur1 consequ5s e/ ut fo$um non ext5disse iudicetur4 ,s$ cum1 uti paulo ante diss]ui1 plures g5tes esse necesse sit ad quas unius fama hom9is nequeat p]u5ire1 fit ut quem tu ae/imas esse gloriosum1 pro maxima p>te t]r>um uideatur +lorius4 ,int] haec u]o popul>em gratiam ne commemoratione quidem dignam puto1 quae nec iudicio pr\5it nec umquam firma p]durat4 ,iam u]o quam sit inane quam futtile nobilitatis nom51 quis non uideat8 ,quae si ad cl>itud9em ref]tur1 ali5a e/4 ,videtur namque esse nobilitas qua$am de m]itis u5i5s laus p>5tum4 ,quod si cl>itud9em pra$icatio facit1 illi s9t cl>i necesse e/ qui pra$icantur4 ,qu>e spl5didum te1 si tuam non habes1 ali5a cl>itudo non efficit4 ,quod si quid e/ 9 nobilitate bonum1 id esse arbitror solum1 ut inposita nobilibus necessitudo uideatur ne a maiorum uirtute deg5]et4 ,,vi4 ,z = glory1 h[ deceitful x is (t5times1 & di%one/6 ,= :i* cause ! tragical poet des]v$ly exclaime?3 ,o glory1 glory1 ?\ ha/ rais$ to hon\r & dignity myriads ( wor?less mortals6#abh ,= _m h (t5 be5 mu* spok5 ( ?r\gh ! false op9ions ( ! common p4 ,?an :i* :at c be imag9$ m vile8 ,= ^? :o are falsely comm5d$ mu/ ne$s blu% at _! own praises4 ,:i* glory ?\gh x be gott5 by des]ts1 yet :at adds x to a wise man's consci5ce :o measure? 8 own good1 n by popul> rum\rs1 b by 8 own c]ta9 k8 ,& if x seeme? a fair ?+ to h dilat$ our fame1 consequ5tly we mu/ judge x a f\l ?+ n to h x ext5d$4 ,b s9ce1 z ,i %[$ a little be=e1 !re mu/ ne$s be _m nations to :i* ! fame ( "o man _c arrive1 x come? to pass t he :om ?\ e/eeme? glori\s1 9 ! great] "p ( ! _w seeme? to h no glory at all4 ,& "h n[ ,i ?9k popul> glory n wor? ! speak+ (1 :i* nei!r proce$e? f judgm5t1 nor ev] ha? any firmness4 ,likewise1 :o see? n :at a va9 & idle ?+ x is to be call$ noble8 ,:i* ins(> z x conc]ne? fame1 is n our own4 ,= nobility seeme? to be a c]ta9 praise proce$+ f our p>5ts' des]ts4 ,b if prais+ cause? fame1 !y mu/ necess>ily be fam\s :o are prais$4 ,:]e=e ! fame ( o!rs1 if ?\ ha/ none ( ?9e own1 make? n !e r5[n$4 ,b if !re be any?+ good 9 nobility1 ,i judge x only to be ?is1 t x impose? a necessity ^u ^? :i* are noble1 n to suff] _! nobility to deg5]ate f ! virtue ( _! ance/ors4 #abh ,eurip4 ,&rom4 #cai4 ,,vi4 ,omne hom9um g5us 9 t]ris simili surgit ab ortu4 ,vnus enim r]um pat] e/1 unus cuncta m9i/rat4 ,ille d$it ,phoebo radios d$it et cornua lunae1 ,ille hom9es etiam t]ris d$it ut sid]a caelo1 ,hic clausit membris animos celsa s$e petitos4 #e ,mortales igitur cunctos edit nobile g]m54 ,quid g5us et proauos /repitis8 ,si primordia ue/ra ,auctoremque deum spectes1 nullus deg5] ex/at1 ,ni uitiis peiora f\5s proprium des]at ortum4 ,,vi4 ,! g5]al race ( m5 f a l bir? is born4 ,all ?+s "o ,fa!r h1 ,:o do? !m all adorn1 ,:o gave ! sun 8 rays1 & ! pale moon h] horn1 ,! l(ty heav5 = />s1 l[ e>? = mortals *ose2 ,he s\ls fet*$ d[n f high 9 bodies did enclose2 ,& ?us f noble se$ all m5 did fir/ compose4 ,:y brag y ( y\r /ock8 ,s9ce none is c\nt$ base1 ,if y consid] ,god ! au?or ( y\r race1 ,b he t ) f\l vice do? 8 own bir? deface4 ,,vii4 ,quid autem de corporis uoluptatibus loqu>1 qu>um appet5tia quidem pl5a e/ anxietatis2 satietas u]o po5it5tiae8 ,quantos illae morbos1 quam intol]abiles dolores quasi qu5dam fructum nequitiae fru5tium sol5t ref]re corporibus6 ,qu>um motus quid habeat iucunditatis1 ignoro4 ,tri/es u]o esse uoluptatum exitus1 quisquis rem9isci libid9um su>um uolet1 intelleget4 ,quae si beatos explic>e possunt1 nihil causae e/ qu9 pecudes quoque beatae esse dicantur qu>um omnis ad expl5dam corporalem lacunam fe/9at int5tio4 ,hone/issima quidem coniugis =et lib]orumque iucunditas1 s$ nimis e natura dictum e/ nescio quem filios inu5isse tortorem2 quorum quam sit mordax quaecumque condicio1 neque alias exp]tum te neque nunc anxium necesse e/ admon]e4 ,9 quo ,euripidis mei s5t5tiam probo1 qui c>5tem lib]is in=tunio dixit esse felicem4 ,,vii4 ,n[ :at %\ld ,i speak ( bodily pleasures1 ! desire ( :i* is full ( anxiety1 & ! enjoy+ ( !m bre$s rep5tance8 ,h[ _m diseases1 h[ intol]able griefs br+ !y =? 9 ! bodies ( _! possessors1 z x 7 ! fruits ( _! own wick$ness6 ,i "k n :at sweetness _! beg9n+s h1 b :osoev] w rememb] 8 lu/s %all und]/& t ! end ( pleasure is sadness4 ,:i* if x be able to cause happ9ess1 !re is no reason :y bea/s %\ld n be ?\ght bless$1 ^: :ole int5tion is b5t to supply _! corporal wants4 ,t pleasure :i* proce$e? f wife & *ildr5 %\ld be mo/ hone/2 b x 0 too naturally spok51 t "s torm5tor inv5t$ *ildr51 ^: condition1 :atsoev] x be1 h[ bit+ x is1 ,i ne$ n tell !e1 :o ha/ _h exp]i5ce h]et(ore1 & art n n[ free f c>e4 ,9 :i* ,i approve ! op9ion ( ,euripides1 :o said t !y :i* _h no *ildr5 are happy by be+ un=tunate4#abi #abi ,cf4 ,&rom4 #dbj4 ,,vii4 ,habet hoc uoluptas omnis1 ,/imulis agit fru5tes ,apiumque p> uolantum ,vbi grata mella fudit1 ,fugit et nimis t5aci #e ,f]it icta corda morsu4 ,,vii4 ,all pleasure ha? ?is prop]ty1 ,%e w\nde? ^? :o h h] mo/4 ,&1 l unto ! angry bee ,:o ha? h] pleasant honey lo/1 ,%e flies away ) nimble w+ ,& 9 our he>ts do? leave h] /+4 ,,viii4 ,nihil igitur dubium e/ qu9 hae ad beatitud9em uiae deuia qua$am s9t nec p]duc]e quemquam eo ualeant ad quod se p]ducturas esse promittunt4 ,quantis u]o implicitae malis s9t1 breuissime mon/rabo4 ,quid enim8 ,pecuniamne congreg>e conab]is8 ,s$ eripies hab5ti4 ,dignitatibus fulg]e uelis8 ,danti supplicabis et qui praeire cet]os honore cupis1 posc5di humilitate uilesces4 ,pot5tiamne desid]as8 ,subiectorum insidiis obnoxius p]iculis subiacebis4 ,gloriam petas8 ,s$ p] asp]a quaeque di/ractus securus esse desi/is4 ,volupt>iam uitam degas8 ,s$ quis non sp]nat atque abiciat uilissimae fragilissimaeque rei corporis s]uum8 ,iam u]o qui bona prae se corporis f]unt1 quam exigua1 quam fragili possessione nituntur6 ,num enim elephantos mole1 tauros robore sup]>e pot]itis1 num tigres uelocitate praeibitis8 ,respicite caeli spatium1 firmitud9em1 cel]itatem et aliqu&o des9ite uilia mir>i4 ,quod quidem caelum non 8 potius e/ quam sua qua regitur ratione mir&um4 ,=mae u]o nitor ut rapidus e/1 ut uelox et u]nalium florum mutabilitate fugacior6 ,quod si1 ut ,ari/oteles#acj ait1 ,lynceis oculis hom9es ut]5tur1 ut eorum uisus ob/antia p5etr>et1 nonne introspectis uisc]ibus illud ,alcibiadis sup]ficie pul*]rimum corpus turpissimum uid]etur8 ,igitur te pul*rum uid]i non tua natura s$ oculorum spectantium r$dit infirmitas4 ,s$ ae/imate quam uultis nimio corporis bona1 dum sciatis hoc quodcumque miram9i triduanae febris igniculo posse dissolui6 ,ex quibus omnibus illud r$ig]e 9 summam licet1 quod haec quae nec prae/>e quae pollic5tur bona possunt nec omnium bonorum congregatione p]fecta sunt1 ea nec ad beatitud9em quasi quidam calles f]unt nec beatos ipsa p]ficiunt4 #acj ,probably f ! lo/ ,protrepticus ( ,ari/otle4 ,see ,bywat]1 ,j\rnal ( ,philology1 ii4 7#ahfi71 #ei1 & ,h>tli*1 ,leipz4 ,/ud4 xi4 7#ahhi71 #bej4 ,,viii4 ,:]e=e !re is no d\bt b t ^! ways to happ9ess are only c]ta9 by-pa?s1 :i* c nev] br+ any man ?i!r :i!r !y promise to lead him4 ,& ) h[ great evils !y are beset1 ,i w briefly %[4 ,= :at8 ,wilt ?\ endeav\r to ga!r money8 ,b ?\ %alt take x away f him :o ha? x4 ,wilt ?\ excel 9 dignities8 ,?\ %alt cr\* to ! giv]1 & ?\ :o desire/ to surpass o!rs 9 hon\r %alt become vile by ?y bas5ess 9 begg+4 ,wi%e/ ?\ = p[]8 ,?\ %alt be 9 dang] ( ?y subjects' trea*]ies4 ,seeke/ ?\ = glory8 ,b1 drawn into _m dang]s1 ?\ %alt lose ?y safety4 ,wilt ?\ live a voluptu\s life8 ,b :o w\ld n despise & neglect ! s]vice ( s vile & frail a ?+ z 8 body8 ,n[ !y :o boa/ ( ! habilities ( _! body1 ^u h[ un/eadfa/ a possession d !y gr\nd !mselves6 ,= c y be bigg] ?an elephants1 or /rong] ?an bulls8 ,or swift] ?an tig]s8 ,look ^u ! space1 firmness1 & spe$y motion ( ! heav5s1 & cease at l5g? to h 9 admiration ^! base ?+s4 ,:i* heav5s are n m to be admir$ = ^! qualities ?an = ! mann] ( _! gov]nm5t4 ,z = ! glitt]+ ( beauty1 h[ soon & swiftly do? x vani% away6 ,z sudd5ly decay+ & *ang+ z ! frail fl[]s 9 ! spr+4 ,& if1 z ,ari/otle sai?1 m5 _h ,lynceus's eyes1 t !y c\ld see ?r\gh /one walls1 w\ld n !y judge t body ( ,alcibiades1 seem+ outw>dly mo/ fair1 to be mo/ f\l & ugly by discov]+ 8 entrails8 ,:]e=e n ?y nature b ! weakness ( ! behold]s' eyes make? !e seem fair4 ,b e/eem ! goods ( ! body z mu* z y w1 s t y ackn[l$ge ?is1 t :atsoev] y admire may be dissolv$ ) ! burn+ ( an ague ( ?ree days4 ,out ( :i* we may briefly collect ?is sum2 t ^! goods1 :i* c nei!r p]=m t !y promise1 nor are p]fect by hav+ all t is good1 d nei!r1 z s _m pa?s1 lead m5 to happ9ess1 nor make m5 happy ( !mselves4 ,,viii4 ,eheu quae mis]os tramite deuios ,abducit ignorantia6 ,non aurum 9 uiridi qua]itis arbore ,nec uite gemmas c>pitis1 ,non altis laqueos montibus abditis #e ,vt pisce ditetis dapes ,nec uobis capreas si libeat sequi1 ,tyrrh5a captatis uada4 ,ipsos qu9 etiam fluctibus abditos ,norunt recessus aequoris1 #aj ,quae gemmis niueis unda f]acior ,vel quae rub5tis purpurae ,nec non quae t5]o pisce uel asp]is ,prae/5t e*9is litora4 ,s$ quonam lateat quod cupiunt bonum1 #ae ,nescire caeci su/95t1 ,et quod /ellif]um trans abiit polum1 ,tellure dem]si petunt4 ,quid dignum /olidis m5tibus inprec]8 ,opes honores ambiant2 #bj ,et cum falsa graui mole p>au]9t1 ,tum u]a cognoscant bona4 ,,viii4 ,alas1 h[ ignorance makes wret*es /ray ,out ( ! way6 ,y f gre5 trees expect no gold5 m9es ,nor pe>ls f v9es1 ,nor use y on m\nta9s to lay y\r net ,fi%es to get1 ,nor1 if ! pleasant sport ( hunt+ please1 ,run y to seas4 ,m5 w be skilful 9 ! hidd5 caves ,( ! ocean waves1 ,& 9 :at coa/s ! ori5t pe>ls are br$1 ,or purple r$1 ,also1 :at diff]5t sorts ( fi%es /ore ,ea* sev]al %ore4 ,b :5 !y come _! *iefe/ good to f9d1 ,!n are !y bl9d1 ,& se>* = t "u ! e>?1 :i* lies ,above ! skies4 ,h[ %\ld ,i curse ^! fools8 ,let ?ir/ !m hold ,( fame & gold1 ,t1 hav+ got false goods ) pa91 !y le>n ,true to disc]n4 ,,ix4 ,hact5us m5dacis =mam felicitatis o/5disse suffec]it1 quam si p]spicacit] intu]is1 ordo e/ de9ceps quae sit u]a mon/r>e4 ,atqui uideo1 inquam1 nec opibus suffici5tiam nec regnis pot5tiam nec reu]5tiam dignitatibus nec celebritatem gloria nec laetitiam uoluptatibus posse cont+]e4 ,an etiam causas1 cur id ita sit1 depreh5di/i8 ,t5ui quidem ueluti rimula mihi uideor intu]i1 s$ ex te ap]tius cognosc]e malim4 ,atqui promptissima ratio e/4 ,quod enim simplex e/ indiuisumque natura1 id error humanus sep>at et a u]o atque p]fecto ad falsum imp]fectumque traducit4 ,an tu arbitr>is quod nihilo indigeat eg]e pot5tia8 ,m9ime1 inquam4 ,recte tu quidem4 ,nam si quid e/ quod 9 ulla re inbecillioris ual5tiae sit1 9 hac praesidio necesse e/ egeat ali5o4 ,ita e/1 inquam4 ,igitur suffici5tiae pot5tiaeque una e/ eademque natura4 ,sic uidetur4 ,quod u]o huiusmodi sit1 sp]n5dumne esse c5ses an contra r]um omnium u5]atione dignissimum8 ,at hoc1 inquam1 ne dubit>i quidem pote/4 ,addamus igitur suffici5tiae pot5tiaeque reu]5tiam1 ut haec tria unum esse iudicemus4 ,addamus1 si quidem u]a uolumus confit]i4 ,quid u]o1 inquit1 obscurumne hoc atque ignobile c5ses esse an omni celebritate cl>issimum8 ,consid]a u]o1 ne quod nihilo indig]e1 quod pot5tissimum1 quod honore dignissimum esse concessum e/1 eg]e cl>itud9e quam sibi prae/>e non possit atque ob id aliqua ex p>te uideatur abiectius4 ,non possum1 inquam1 qu9 hoc uti e/ ita etiam celeb]rimum esse confite>4 ,consequ5s igitur e/ ut cl>itud9em sup]ioribus tribus nihil diff]re fateamur4 ,consequitur1 inquam4 ,quod igitur nullius egeat ali5i1 quod suis cuncta uiribus possit1 quod sit cl>um atque reu]5dum1 nonne hoc etiam con/at esse laetissimum8 ,s$ unde huic1 inquam1 tali ma]or ullus obrepat ne cogit>e quidem possum2 qu>e pl5um esse laetitiae1 si quidem sup]iora manebunt1 necesse e/ confit]i4 ,atqui illud quoque p] eadem necess>ium e/ suffici5tiae1 pot5tiae1 cl>itud9is1 reu]5tiae1 iucunditatis nom9a quidem esse diu]sa1 nullo modo u]o discrep>e sub/antiam4 ,necesse e/1 inquam4 ,hoc igitur quod e/ unum simplexque natura1 prauitas humana disp]tit et dum rei quae p>tibus c>et p>tem conatur adipisci1 nec portionem quae nulla e/ nec ipsam quam m9ime affectat assequitur4 ,quonam1 inquam1 modo8 ,qui diuitias1 inquit1 petit p5uriae fuga1 de pot5tia nihil laborat1 uilis obscurusque esse mauult1 multas etiam sibi naturales quoque subtrahit uoluptates1 ne pecuniam quam p>auit amittat4 ,s$ hoc modo ne suffici5tia quidem cont+it ei quem ual5tia des]it1 quem mole/ia pungit1 quem uilitas abicit1 quem recondit obscuritas4 ,qui u]o solum posse desid]at1 pr(ligat opes1 despicit uoluptates honoremque pot5tia c>5tem gloriam quoque nihili p5dit4 ,s$ hunc quoque quam multa deficiant uides4 ,fit enim ut aliqu&o necess>iis egeat1 ut anxietatibus mordeatur cumque haec depell]e nequeat1 etiam id quod maxime petebat pot5s esse desi/at4 ,similit] ratioc9>i de honoribus1 gloria1 uoluptatibus licet4 ,nam cum unumquodque horum idem quod cet]a sit1 quisquis horum aliquid s9e cet]is petit1 ne illud quidem quod desid]at appreh5dit4 ,quid igitur8 inquam4 ,si qui cuncta simul cupiat adipisci1 summam quidem ille beatitud9is uelit4 ,s$ num 9 8 eam rep]iet1 quae demon/rauimus id quod pollic5tur non posse conf]re8 ,m9ime1 inquam4 ,9 8 igitur quae s+ula qua$am expet5dorum prae/>e cr$untur1 beatitudo nullo modo ue/ig&a e/4 ,fateor1 inquam1 et hoc nihil dici u]ius pote/4 ,habes igitur1 inquit1 et =mam falsae felicitatis et causas4 ,deflecte nunc 9 adu]sum m5tis intuitum2 ibi enim u]am quam promisimus /atim uidebis4 ,atqui haec1 inquam1 uel caeco p]spicua e/ eamque tu paulo ante mon/ra/i1 dum falsae causas ap]ire con>is4 ,nam nisi fallor ea u]a e/ et p]fecta felicitas quae suffici5tem1 pot5tem1 reu]5dum1 celebrem laetumque p]ficiat4 ,atque ut me int]ius animadu]tisse cognoscas1 quae unum horum1 quoniam idem cuncta sunt1 u]acit] prae/>e pote/ hanc esse pl5am beatitud9em s9e ambiguitate cognosco4 ,o te alumne hac op9ione felicem1 si quidem hoc1 inquit1 adiec]is4444 ,quidnam8 inquam4 ,ess5e aliquid 9 8 mortalibus caducisque rebus putas quod huiusmodi /atum possit aff]re8 ,m9ime1 inquam1 puto idque a te1 nihil ut amplius desid]etur1 o/5sum e/4 ,haec igitur uel imag9es u]i boni uel inp]fecta qua$am bona d>e mortalibus uid5tur1 u]um autem atque p]fectum bonum conf]re non possunt4 ,ass5tior1 inquam4 ,quoniam igitur agn\i/i quae u]a illa sit1 quae autem beatitud9em m5tiantur1 nunc sup]e/ ut unde u]am hanc pet]e possis agnoscas4 ,id quidem1 inquam1 iam dudum uehem5t] exspecto4 ,s$ cum1 ut 9 ,timaeo#aca ,platoni1 inquit1 no/ro placet1 9 m9imis quoque rebus diu9um praesidium debeat implor>i1 quid nunc faci5dum c5ses1 ut illius summi boni s$em rep]ire m]eamur8 ,inuoc&um1 inquam1 r]um omnium patrem1 quo praet]misso nullum rite fundatur exordium4 ,recte1 inquit1 ac simul ita modulata e/4 #aca uti ,timaeo codd4 optimi4 ,,ix4 ,let x suffice t we h hi!rto discov]$ ! =m ( false felicity1 :i* if ?\ ha/ pla9ly se51 ord] n[ require? t we %[ !e 9 :at true happ9ess consi/e?4 ,i see1 quo? ,i1 t nei!r suffici5cy by ri*es1 nor p[] by k+doms1 nor respect by dignities1 nor r5[n by glory1 nor joy c be gott5 by pleasures4 ,ha/ ?\ also und]/ood ! causes :y x is s8 ,me?9k ,i h a little glimpse ( !m1 b ,i _h r ?\ w\ld/ decl>e !m m pla9ly4 ,! reason is manife/1 = t :i* is simple & undivid$ ( itself1 is divid$ by m5's error1 & is translat$ f true & p]fect to false & unp]fect4 ,?9ke/ ?\ t :i* ne$e? no?+1 to /& 9 ne$ ( p[]8 ,no1 quo? ,i4 ,?\ saye/ well1 = if any p[] 9 any respect be weak1 9 ?is x mu/ necess>ily /& 9 ne$ ( ! help ( o!rs4 ,x is true1 quo? ,i4 ,:]e=e suffici5cy & p[] h "o & ! same nature4 ,s x seeme?4 ,n[ ?9ke/ ?\1 t :i* is ( ?is sort ought to be despis$1 or r t x is wor?y to be respect$ above all o!r ?+s8 ,!re c be no d\bt ( ?is1 quo? ,i4 ,let u add respect !n to suffici5cy & p[]1 s t we judge ^! ?ree to be "o4 ,we mu/ add x if we confess ! tru?4 ,:at n[1 quo? %e1 ?9ke/ ?\ ?is to be obscure & base1 or r mo/ excell5t & fam\s8 ,consid] :e!r t :i* ?\ ha/ grant$ to want no?+1 to be mo/ pot5t1 & mo/ wor?y ( hon\r1 may seem to want fame1 :i* x _c yield itself1 & = t cause be 9 "s respect m abject4 ,i mu/ ne$s confess1 quo? ,i1 t1 be+ :at x is1 ?is is also mo/ fam\s4 ,consequ5tly !n we mu/ ackn[l$ge t fame diff]e? no?+ f ! =m] ?ree4 ,we mu/ s1 quo? ,i4 ,:]e=e t :i* wante? no?+1 :i* c p]=m all ?+s by its own p[]1 :i* is fam\s & respect$1 is x n manife/ t x is also mo/ pleasant8 ,to :i* ,i answ]$3 ,h[ su* a man %\ld fall into any grief1 ,i c by no means imag9e4 ,:]e=e if t :i* we h said hi!rto be true1 we mu/ ne$s confess t he is mo/ joyful & cont5t4 ,& by ! same reason x foll[e? t suffici5cy1 p[]1 fame1 respect1 pleasure h inde$ div]s names1 b diff] n 9 sub/ance4 ,x foll[e? inde$1 quo? ,i4 ,?is !n1 :i* is "o & simple by nature1 man's wick$ness divide?1 & :ile he endeav\re? to obta9 "p ( t :i* ha? no p>ts1 he nei!r gette? a "p1 :i* is none1 nor ! :ole1 :i* he seeke? n aft]4 ,h[ is ?is8 quo? ,i4 ,he :o seeke? aft] ri*es1 quo? %e1 to avoid want1 take? no ?\ght = p[]1 he _h r be base & obscure1 he deprive? himself ev5 ( _m natural pleasures t he may n lose ! money :i* he ha? gott54 ,b by ?is means he atta9e? n to suffici5cy1 :om p[] =sake?1 :om tr\ble mole/e?1 :om bas5ess make? abject1 :om obscurity ov]:elme?4 ,aga91 he t only desire? p[]1 consume? weal?1 despise? pleasures1 & sette? light by hon\r or glory1 :i* is n pot5t4 ,b ?\ see/ h[ _m ?+s are want+ to ?is man also4 ,= sometimes he wante? necess>ies1 & is p]plex$ ) anxieties1 & be+ n able to rid himself1 cease? to be p[]ful1 :i* 0 ! only ?+ he aim$ at4 ,! l disc\rse may be made ( hon\rs1 glory1 pleasures4 ,= s9ce e "o ( ^! ?+s is ! same ) ! re/1 :osoev] seeke? = any ( !m )\t ! re/ obta9e? n t :i* he desire?4 ,:at !n8 quo? ,i4 ,if "o %\ld desire to h !m all toge!r1 he %\ld wi% = ! sum ( happ9ess1 b %all he f9d x 9 ^! ?+s :i* we h %[$ _c p]=m :at !y promise8 ,no1 quo? ,i4 ,:]e=e we mu/ by no means seek = happ9ess 9 ^! ?+s :i* are ?\ght to af=d ! sev]al portions ( t :i* is to be desir$4 ,i confess x1 quo? ,i1 & no?+ c be m true ?an ?is4 ,n[ !n1 quo? %e1 ?\ ha/ bo? ! =m & causes ( false felicity2 ca/ b ! eyes ( ?y m9d on ! contr>y1 & ?\ %alt pres5tly espy true happ9ess1 :i* we promis$ to %[ !e4 ,?is1 quo? ,i1 is evid5t1 ev5 to him t is bl9d1 & ?\ %[$/ x a little be=e1 :ile ?\ endeav\r$/ to lay op5 ! causes ( ! false4 ,=1 if ,i be n deceiv$1 t is true & p]fect happ9ess :i* make? a man suffici5t1 pot5t1 respect$1 fam\s1 joyful4 ,& t ?\ maye/ "k t ,i und]/ood !e aright1 t :i* c truly p]=m any "o ( ^! because !y are all "o1 ,i ackn[l$ge to be full & p]fect happ9ess4 ,o my s*ol>1 ,i ?9k !e happy by hav+ ?is op9ion1 if ?\ adde/ ?is also4 ,:at8 quo? ,i4 ,do/ ?\ imag9e t !re is any mortal or frail ?+ :i* c cause ?is happy e/ate8 ,i d n1 quo? ,i1 & t ha? be5 s prov$ by !e1 t m _c be desir$4 ,:]e=e ^! ?+s seem to af=d m5 ! images ( ! true good1 or c]ta9 unp]fect goods1 b !y _c give !m ! true & p]fect good itself4 ,i am ( ! same m9d1 quo? ,i4 ,n[ !n1 s9ce ?\ kn[e/ :]e9 true happ9ess consi/e?1 & :at h only a false %[ ( x1 x rema9e? t ?\ %\ld/ le>n :]e ?\ maye/ seek = ?is :i* is true4 ,?is is t1 quo? ,i1 :i* ,i h long e>ne/ly expect$4 ,b s9ce1 z ,plato tea*e? 79 ,timaeus71#acb we mu/ implore ,god's assi/ance ev5 9 our lea/ affairs1 :at1 ?9ke/ ?\1 mu/ we d n[1 t we may des]ve to f9d ! seat ( t sov]eign good8 ,we mu/1 quo? ,i1 invocate ! ,fa!r ( all ?+s1 )\t ^: remembrance no beg9n+ ha? a good f\ndation4 ,?\ saye/ rightly1 quo? %e1 & )al sung 9 ?is sort4 #acb ,cf4 ,tim4 #bg4 ,,ix4 ,o qui p]petua mundum ratione gub]nas ,t]r>um caelique sator qui tempus ab aeuo ,ire iubes /abilisque man5s das cuncta m\]i4 ,quem non ext]nae pepul]unt f+]e causae ,mat]iae fluitantis opus1 u]um insita summi #e ,=ma boni liuore c>5s1 tu cuncta sup]no ,ducis ab exemplo1 pul*rum pul*]rimus ipse ,mundum m5te g]5s similique 9 imag9e =mans ,p]fectasque iub5s p]fectum absolu]e p>tes4 ,tu num]is elem5ta ligas ut frigora flammis #aj ,arida conu5iant liquidis1 ne purior ignis ,euolet aut m]sas d$ucant pond]a t]ras4 ,tu triplicis m$iam naturae cuncta m\5tem ,conect5s animam p] consona membra resoluis4 ,quae cum secta duos motum glom]auit 9 orbes1 #ae ,9 semet r$itura meat m5temque pr(undam ,circuit et simili conu]tit imag9e caelum4 ,tu causis animas p>ibus uitasque m9ores ,pr\ehis et leuibus sublimes curribus aptans ,9 caelum t]ramque s]is quas lege b5igna #bj ,ad te conu]sas r$uci facis igne reu]ti4 ,da pat] augu/am m5ti consc5d]e s$em1 ,da fontem lu/r>e boni1 da luce rep]ta ,9 te conspicuos animi defig]e uisus4 ,dissice t]r5ae nebulas et pond]a molis #be ,atque tuo spl5dore mica6 ,tu namque s]5um1 ,tu requies tranquilla piis1 te c]n]e f9is1 ,pr9cipium1 uector1 dux1 semita1 t]m9us idem4 ,,ix4#acc ,o ,?\1 t do/ ! _w 9 la/+ ord] guide1 ,fa!r ( heav5 & e>?1 ,:o make/ "t swiftly slide1 ,&1 /&+ /ill ,?yself1 yet fram'/ all mov+ laws1 ,:o to ,?y "w w]t mov$ by no ext]nal cause3 ,b by a sweet desire1 :]e envy ha? no place1 ,?y goodness mov+ ,!e to give ea* ?+ 8 grace1 ,?\ do/ all creatures' =ms f highe/ patt]ns take1 ,f ,?y fair m9d ! _w fair l ,?yself do? make4 ,?us ,?\ p]fect ! :ole p]fect ea* "p do/ frame4 ,?\ temp're/ elem5ts1 mak+ cold mix$ ) flame ,& dry ?+s jo9 ) moi/1 le/ fire away %\ld fly1 ,or e>?1 oppre/ ) weight1 buri$ too l[ %\ld lie4 ,?\ 9 cons5t+ p>ts fitly dispos$ ha/ ,?'all-mov+ s\l 9 mid/ ( ?reefold nature plac$1 ,:i*1 cut 9 sev]al p>ts t run a diff]5t race1 ,into itself returns1 & circl+ do? embrace ,! highe/ m9d1 & heav5 ) l proportion drives4 ,?\ ) l cause do/ make ! s\ls & less] lives1 ,fix !m 9 *>iots swift1 & widely scatt]e/ ,o'er heav5 & e>?2 !n at ,?y fa!rly behe/ ,!y /ream1 l fire return+1 back to ,!e1 _! ,god4 ,de> ,fa!r1 let my m9d ,?y hall[$ seat asc5d1 ,let me behold ! spr+ ( grace & f9d ,?y light1 ,t ,i on ,!e may fix my s\l's well cle>d sight4 ,ca/ (f ! e>?ly weight :]e) ,i am oppre/1 ,%9e z ,?\ art mo/ bright1 ,?\ only calm & re/ ,to pi\s m5 ^: end is to behold ,?y ray1 ,:o _! beg9n+ art1 _! guide1 _! b\nd1 & way4#acd #acc ,?is poem is a ma/]ly abridgm5t ( ! fir/ "p ( ! ,timaeus1 & 0 eag]ly fa/5$ on by comm5tators ( ! e>ly ,middle ,ages ^: direct k ( ,plato 0 conf9$ to ! translation ( t dialogue by ,*alcidius4 #acd ,cf4 ! /r+ ( n\ns 9 ,tr4 iv4 7supra1 p4 #gj ad f9474 ,x4 ,quoniam igitur quae sit imp]fecti1 quae etiam p]fecti boni =ma uidi/i1 nunc demon/r&um reor quonam haec felicitatis p]fectio con/ituta sit4 ,9 quo illud primum arbitror inquir5dum1 an aliquod huiusmodi bonum quale paulo ante def9i/i 9 r]um natura possit exsi/]e1 ne nos praet] rei subiectae u]itatem cassa cogitationis imago decipiat4 ,s$ qu9 exsi/at sitque hoc ueluti quidam omnium fons bonorum neg>i nequit4 ,omne enim quod inp]fectum esse dicitur1 id inm9utione p]fecti inp]fectum esse p]hibetur4 ,quo fit1 ut si 9 quolibet g5]e inp]fectum quid esse uideatur1 9 eo p]fectum quoque aliquid esse necesse sit4 ,et5im p]fectione sublata1 unde illud quod inp]fectum p]hibetur ex/it]it ne f+i quidem pote/4 ,neque enim ab dem9utis inconsummatisque natura r]um coepit exordium1 s$ ab integris absolutisque proc$5s 9 haec extrema atque effeta dilabitur4 ,quod si1 uti paulo ante mon/rauimus1 e/ qua$am boni fragilis inp]fecta felicitas1 esse aliquam solidam p]fectamque non pote/ dubit>i4 ,firmissime1 inquam1 u]issimeque conclusum e/4 ,quo u]o1 inquit1 habitet1 ita consid]a4 ,deum r]um omnium pr9cipem bonum esse communis humanorum conceptio probat animorum4 ,nam cum nihil deo melius excogit>i queat1 id quo melius nihil e/ bonum esse quis dubitet8 ,ita u]o bonum esse deum ratio demon/rat1 ut p]fectum quoque 9 eo bonum esse conu9cat4 ,nam ni tale sit1 r]um omnium pr9ceps esse non pot]it4 ,erit enim eo prae/antius aliquid p]fectum possid5s bonum1 quod hoc prius atque antiquius esse uideatur2 omnia namque p]fecta m9us integris priora esse cl>u]unt4 ,qu>e ne 9 inf9itum ratio prodeat1 confit5dum e/ summum deum summi p]fectique boni esse pl5issimum4 ,s$ p]fectum bonum u]am esse beatitud9em con/ituimus2 u]am igitur beatitud9em 9 summo deo sitam esse necesse e/4 ,accipio1 inquam1 nec e/ quod contradici ullo modo queat4 ,s$ quaeso1 inquit1 te uide quam id sancte atque inuiolabilit] probes quod boni summi summum deum diximus esse pl5issimum4 ,quonam1 inquam1 modo8 ,ne hunc r]um omnium patrem illud summum bonum quo pl5us esse p]hibetur uel extr9secus accepisse uel ita naturalit] hab]e praesumas1 quasi hab5tis dei habitaeque beatitud9is diu]sam cogites esse sub/antiam4 ,nam si extr9secus acceptum putes1 prae/antius id quod d$]it ab eo quod accep]it exi/im>e possis4 ,s$ hunc esse r]um omnium praecell5tissimum dignissime confitemur4 ,quod si natura quidem ine/1 s$ e/ ratione diu]sum1 cum de r]um pr9cipe loquamur deo1 f+at qui pote/3 quis haec diu]sa coniunx]it8 ,po/remo quod a qualibet re diu]sum e/1 id non e/ illud a quo intellegitur esse diu]sum4 ,qu>e quod a summo bono diu]sum e/ sui natura1 id summum bonum non e/--quod nefas e/ de eo cogit>e quo nihil con/at esse prae/antius4 ,omn9o enim nullius rei natura suo pr9cipio melior pot]it exsi/]e1 qu>e quod omnium pr9cipium sit1 id etiam sui sub/antia summum esse bonum u]issima ratione conclus]im4 ,rectissime1 inquam4 ,s$ summum bonum beatitud9em esse concessum e/4 ,ita e/1 inquam4 ,igitur1 inquit1 deum esse ipsam beatitud9em necesse e/ confit]i4 ,nec propositis1 inquam1 prioribus refrag>i queo et illis hoc inlatum consequ5s esse p]spicio4 ,respice1 inquit1 an h9c quoque idem firmius approbetur1 quod duo summa bona quae a se diu]sa s9t esse non possunt4 ,et5im quae discrepant bona1 non esse alt]um quod sit alt]um liquet2 qu>e neutrum pot]it esse p]fectum1 cum alt]utri alt]um dee/4 ,s$ quod p]fectum non sit1 id summum non esse manife/um e/2 nullo modo igitur quae summa sunt bona ea possunt esse diu]sa4 ,atqui et beatitud9em et deum summum bonum esse collegimus2 qu>e ipsam necesse e/ summam esse beatitud9em quae sit summa diu9itas4 ,nihil1 inquam1 nec reapse u]ius#ace nec ratioc9atione firmius nec deo dignius concludi pote/4 ,sup] haec1 inquit1 igitur ueluti geometrae sol5t demon/ratis propositis aliquid inf]re quae porismata ipsi uocant1 ita ego quoque tibi ueluti coroll>ium dabo4 ,nam quoniam beatitud9is adeptione fiunt hom9es beati1 beatitudo u]o e/ ipsa diu9itas1 diu9itatis adeptione beatos fi]i manife/um e/3 s$ uti iu/itiae adeptione iu/i1 sapi5tiae sapi5tes fiunt1 ita diu9itatem adeptos deos fi]i simili ratione necesse e/4 ,omnis igitur beatus deus1 s$ natura quidem unus2 p>ticipatione u]o nihil prohibet esse quam plurimos4 ,et pul*rum1 inquam1 hoc atque pretiosum1 siue porisma siue coroll>ium uoc>i mauis4 ,atqui hoc quoque pul*rius nihil e/1 quod 8 annect5dum esse ratio p]suadet4 ,quid8 inquam4 ,cum multa1 inquit1 beatitudo cont9]e uideatur1 utrumne haec omnia unum ueluti corpus beatitud9is quadam p>tium u>ietate coniungant an sit eorum aliquid quod beatitud9is sub/antiam compleat1 ad hoc u]o cet]a ref]antur8 ,vellem1 inquam1 id ips>um r]um commemoratione patefac]es4 ,nonne1 inquit1 beatitud9em bonum esse c5semus8 ,ac summum quidem1 inquam4 ,addas1 inquit1 hoc omnibus licet4 ,nam eadem suffici5tia summa e/1 eadem summa pot5tia1 reu]5tia quoque1 cl>itas ac uoluptas beatitudo esse iudicatur4 ,quid igitur8 ,haec9e omnia bonum--suffici5tia pot5tia cet]aque--ueluti qua$am beatitud9is membra sunt an ad bonum ueluti ad u]ticem cuncta ref]untur8 ,intellego1 inquam1 quid inue/ig&um proponas1 s$ quid con/ituas audire desid]o4 ,cuius discretionem rei sic accipe4 ,si haec omnia beatitud9is membra =5t1 a se quoque inuicem discrep>5t4 ,haec e/ enim p>tium natura ut unum corpus diu]sa componant4 ,atqui haec omnia idem esse mon/rata sunt2 m9ime igitur membra sunt4 ,alioqu9 ex uno membro beatitudo uidebitur esse coniuncta--quod fi]i nequit4 ,id quidem1 inquam1 dubium non e/1 s$ id quod re/at exspecto4 ,ad bonum u]o cet]a ref]ri palam e/4 ,idcirco enim suffici5tia petitur quoniam bonum esse iudicatur1 idcirco pot5tia quoniam id quoque esse cr$itur bonum2 idem de reu]5tia1 cl>itud9e1 iucunditate coniect>e licet4 ,omnium igitur expet5dorum summa atque causa bonum e/4 ,quod enim neque re neque similitud9e ullum 9 se ret9et bonum1 id expeti nullo modo pote/4 ,contraque etiam quae natura bona non sunt1 tam5 si esse uideantur1 quasi u]e bona s9t appetuntur4 ,quo fit uti summa1 c>do atque causa expet5dorum omnium bonitas esse iure cr$atur4 ,cuius u]o causa quid expetitur1 id maxime uidetur opt>i1 ueluti si salutis causa quispiam uelit equit>e1 non tam equit&i motum desid]at quam salutis effectum4 ,cum igitur omnia boni gratia petantur1 non illa potius quam bonum ipsum desid]atur ab omnibus4 ,s$ propt] quod cet]a optantur1 beatitud9em esse concessimus2 qu>e sic quoque sola qua]itur beatitudo4 ,ex quo liquido app>et ipsius boni et beatitud9is unam atque e&em esse sub/antiam4 ,nihil uideo cur diss5tire quispiam possit4 ,s$ deum u]amque beatitud9em unum atque idem esse mon/rauimus4 ,ita1 inquam4 ,securo igitur conclud]e licet dei quoque 9 ipso bono nec usquam alio sitam esse sub/antiam4 #ace reapse u]ius ,s*epss3 re ab seu]ius uel re ipsa u]ius codd4 opt4 ,x4 ,:]e=e s9ce ?\ ha/ se5 :at is ! =m ( p]fect & imp]fect good1 n[ ,i ?9k we mu/ %[ 9 :at ?is p]fection ( happ9ess is plac$4 ,& inquire fir/ :e!r !re c be any su* good extant 9 ! _w1 z ?\ ha/ def9$2 le/1 contr>y to tru?1 we be deceiv$ ) an empty %[ ( ?\ght4 ,b x _c be d5i$ t !re is "s su* ?+ extant :i* is z x 7 ! f\nta9 ( all goodness4 ,= all t is said to be imp]fect is s t]m$ = ! want x ha? ( p]fection4 ,:5ce x foll[e? t if 9 any k9d we f9d some?+ imp]fect1 !re mu/ ne$s be some?+ p]fect also 9 ! same k9d4 ,= if we take away p]fection we _c s mu* z devise h[ !re %\ld be any imp]fection4 ,= ! nature ( ?+s began n f t :i* is defective & n complete1 b1 proce$+ f entire & absolute1 falle? into t :i* is extreme & enfeebl$4 ,b if1 z we %[$ be=e1 !re be a c]ta9 imp]fect felicity ( frail goods1 x _c be d\bt$ b t !re is "s solid & p]fect happ9ess also4 ,?\ ha/1 quo? ,i1 conclud$ mo/ firmly & mo/ truly4 ,n[ :]e ?is good dwelle?1 quo? %e1 consid] ?is4 ,! common conceit ( m5's m9ds prove? t ,god ! ,pr9ce ( all ?+s is good4 ,=1 s9ce no?+ c be imag9$ bett] ?an ,god1 :o d\bte? b t is good ?an :i* is no?+ bett]8 ,& reason do? 9 su* sort demon/rate ,god to be good t x conv9ce? ,him to be p]fectly good4 ,= unless ,he 7 s1 ,he c\ld n be ! *ief ( all ?+s4 ,= !re w\ld be some?+ bett] ?an ,he1 hav+ p]fect goodness1 :i* c\ld seem to be ( great] antiquity & em95ce ?an ,he4 ,= x is already manife/ t p]fect ?+s 7 be=e ! imp]fect4 ,:]e=e1 le/ our reason+ %\ld h no end1 we mu/ confess t ! ,sov]eign ,god is mo/ full ( sov]eign & p]fect goodness4 ,b we h conclud$ t p]fect goodness is true happ9ess1 :]e=e true bless$ness mu/ necess>ily be plac$ 9 ! mo/ high ,god4 ,i agree1 quo? ,i1 nei!r c ?is be any way contradict$4 ,b ,i pray !e1 quo? %e1 see h[ boldly & inviolably ?\ approve/ t :i* we said1 t ! ,sov]eign ,god is mo/ full ( sov]eign goodness4 ,h[8 quo? ,i4 ,t ?\ presume/ n t ?is ,fa!r ( all ?+s ha? ei!r receiv$ f o!rs t sov]eign good ) :i* ,he is said to be repl5i%$1 or ha? x naturally 9 su* sort t ?\ %\ld/ ?9k t ! sub/ance ( ! bless$ness :i* is _h1 & ( ,god :o ha? x1 7 div]se4 ,= if ?\ ?9ke/ t ,he _h x f o!rs1 ?\ maye/ also inf] t he :o gave x 0 bett] ?an ! receiv]4 ,b we mo/ wor?ily confess t ,he is ! mo/ excell5t ( all ?+s4 ,& if ,he ha? x by nature1 b z a div]se ?+1 s9ce we speak ( ,god ! ,pr9ce ( all ?+s1 let him t c1 inv5t :o unit$ ^! div]se ?+s4 ,f9ally1 t :i* is diff]5t f any?+1 is n t f :i* x is und]/ood to diff]4 ,:]e=e t :i* is naturally diff]5t f ! sov]eign good1 is n ! sov]eign good itself4 ,:i* x 7 impi\s to ?9k ( ,god1 ?an :om1 we "k c]ta9ly1 no?+ is bett]4 ,= d\btless ! nature ( no?+ c be bett] ?an ! beg9n+ ( x4 ,:]e=e ,i may mo/ truly conclude t :i* is ! beg9n+ ( all ?+s to be also 9 ,8 own sub/ance ! *iefe/ good4 ,mo/ rightly1 quo? ,i4 ,b x is grant$ t ! *iefe/ good is bless$ness8 ,x is1 quo? ,i4 ,:]e=e1 quo? %e1 we mu/ ne$s confess t bless$ness itself is ,god4 ,i c nei!r contradict1 quo? ,i1 ?y =m] propositions1 & ,i see ?is illation foll[e? f !m4 ,consid]1 sai? %e1 if ! same be n m firmly prov$ h5ce1 because !re _c be two *ief goods1 ! "o diff]5t f ! o!r4 ,= x is manife/ t ( ^? goods :i* diff]1 ! "o is n ! o!r1 :]e=e nei!r ( !m c be p]fect1 want+ ! o!r4 ,b manife/ly t :i* is n p]fect1 is n ! *iefe/1 :]e=e ! *ief goods _c be div]se4 ,n[ we h prov$ t bo? bless$ness & ,god are ! *iefe/ good1 :]e=e t mu/ ne$s be ! highe/ bless$ness :i* is ! highe/ div9ity4 ,!re c be no?+1 quo? ,i1 conclud$ m truly ?an ?is1 nor m firmly 9 argu+1 nor m wor?y ,god himself4 ,^u ?is !n1 quo? %e1 z ! geometricians#acf are wont1 out ( _! propositions :i* !y h demon/rat$1 to inf] some?+ :i* !y call porismata 7d$uctions7 s w ,i give !e z x 7 a coroll>ium4 ,= s9ce t m5 are made bless$ by ! obta9+ ( bless$ness1 & bless$ness is no?+ else b div9ity1 x is manife/ t m5 are made bless$ by ! obta9+ ( div9ity4 ,& z m5 are made j by ! obta9+ ( ju/ice1 & wise by ! obta9+ ( wisdom1 s !y :o obta9 div9ity mu/ ne$s 9 l mann] become gods4 ,:]e=e ev]yone t is bless$ is a god1 b by nature !re is only "o ,god2 b !re may be _m by p>ticipation4 ,?is is1 quo? ,i1 an excell5t & preci\s porisma or coroll>ium4 ,b !re is no?+ m excell5t ?an t :i* reason p]suade? u to add4 ,:at8 quo? ,i4 ,s9ce1 quo? %e1 bless$ness seeme? to conta9 _m ?+s1 :e!r d !y all concur z div]s p>ts to ! composition ( "o entire body ( bless$ness1 or do? "s "o ( !m =m ! sub/ance ( bless$ness to :i* ! re/ are to be ref]r$8 ,i desire1 quo? ,i1 t ?\ w\ld/ decl>e ?is po9t1 by ! enum]ation ( ! p>ticul>s4 ,d we n ?9k1 quo? %e1 t bless$ness is good8 ,yea1 ! *iefe/ good1 quo? ,i4 ,?\ maye/1 quo? %e1 add ?is to !m all4 ,= bless$ness is acc\nt$ ! *iefe/ suffici5cy1 ! *iefe/ p[]1 respect1 fame1 & pleasure4 ,:at !n8 ,are all ^!-- suffici5cy1 p[]1 & ! re/--! good1 9 ! s5se t !y are memb]s ( x1 or r are !y ref]r$ to good z to ! head8 ,i und]/&1 quo? ,i1 :at ?\ propose/1 b ,i desire to he> :at ?\ conclude/4 ,?is is ! decision ( ?is matt]4 ,if all ^! 7 memb]s ( bless$ness1 !y %\ld diff] "o f ano!r4 ,= ?is is ! nature ( p>ts1 t be+ div]s !y compose "o body4 ,b we h prov$ t all ^! are "o & ! same ?+4 ,:]e=e !y are no memb]s1 o!rwise bless$ness %\ld be compact$ ( "o memb]1 :i* _c be4 ,!re is no d\bt ( ?is1 quo? ,i1 b ,i expect t :i* is beh9d4 ,x is manife/ t ! re/ are to be ref]r$ to goodness2 = suffici5cy is desir$1 because x is e/eem$ good1 & likewise p[]1 because t likewise is ?\ght to be good4 ,& we may conjecture ! same ( respect1 fame1 & pleasure4 ,:]e=e goodness is ! sum & cause ( all t is desir$4 ,= t :i* is nei!r good inde$1 nor be>e? any %[ ( goodness1 c by no means be s\ght aft]4 ,& contr>iwise ^? ?+s :i* are n good ( _! own nature1 yet1 if !y seem su*1 are desir$ z if !y 7 truly good4 ,s t ! sum1 orig91 & cause ( all t is s\ght aft] is rightly ?\ght to be goodness4 ,& t on acc\nt ( :i* a ?+ is s\ght1 seeme? to be ! *ief object ( desire4 ,z if "o w\ld ride = 8 heal?1 he do? n s mu* desire ! motion ( rid+1 z ! effect ( heal?4 ,:]e=e1 s9ce all ?+s are desir$ 9 respect ( goodness1 !y are n s mu* wi%$ = z goodness itself4 ,b we grant$ t to be bless$ness = :i* o!r ?+s are desir$1 :]e=e 9 l mann] only bless$ness is s\ght aft]2 by :i* x pla9ly appe>e?1 t goodness & bless$ness h "o & ! self-same sub/ance4 ,i see n h[ any man c diss5t4 ,b we h %[$ t ,god & true bless$ness are "o & ! self-same ?+4 ,x is s1 quo? ,i4 ,we may !n securely conclude t ! sub/ance ( ,god consi/e? 9 no?+ else b 9 goodness4 #acf ,vide supra1 ,tr4 iii4 p4 #dj4 ,x4 ,huc omnes p>it] u5ite capti ,quos fallax ligat improbis cat5is ,t]r5as habitans libido m5tes1 ,haec erit uobis requies laborum1 ,hic portus placida man5s quiete1 #e ,hoc pat5s unum mis]is asylum1 ,non quidquid ,tagus aureis h>5is ,donat aut ,h]mus rutilante ripa ,aut ,indus calido prop9quus orbi ,c&idis misc5s uirides lapillos1 #aj ,inlu/r5t aciem magisque caecos ,9 suas condunt animos t5ebras4 ,hoc quidquid placet excitatque m5tes1 ,infimis tellus aluit cau]nis2 ,spl5dor quo regitur uigetque caelum1 #ae ,vitat obscuras animae ru9as4 ,hanc quisquis pot]it not>e lucem1 ,c&idos ,phoebi radios negabit4 ,x4#acg ,come hi!r1 all y t are b\nd1 ,^: base & e>?ly m9ds are dr[n$ ,by lu/ :i* do? !m tie 9 cruel *a9s3 ,"h is a seat = m5 oppre/1 ,"h is a port ( pleasant re/2 ,"h may a wret* h refuge f 8 pa9s4 ,no gold1 :i* ,tagus' s&s be/[1 ,nor :i* on ,h]mus' banks do? fl[1 ,nor preci\s /ones :i* scor*$ ,indians get#ach1 ,c cle> ! %>pness ( ! m9d1 ,b r make x f> m bl9d1 ,& 9 ! f>!r dep? ( d>kness set4 ,= ?is t sets our s\ls on "w ,buri$ 9 caves ( e>? do? lurk4 ,b heav5 is guid$ by ano!r light1 ,:i* cause? u to %un ! d>k#aci1 ,& :o ?is light do? truly m>k1 ,mu/ ne$s d5y t ,phoebus' beams are bright4 #acg ,= ! discussion on ! nature ( good 9 ?is poem & ! next piece ( prose cf4 supra1 pp4 #ch ff4 #ach ,lit]ally1 ,nor ,indus1 neighb\r ( ! torrid zone1 bl5d+ its gre5 & :ite pebbles4 #aci ,lit]ally1 ,! light :i* gives guidance & vig\r to ! sky %uns ! d>kness ( ru9$ m9ds4 ,,xi4 ,ass5tior1 inquam1 cuncta enim firmissimis nexa rationibus con/ant4 ,tum illa1 ,quanti1 inquit1 ae/imabis1 si bonum ipsum quid sit agn\]is8 ,inf9ito1 inquam1 si quidem mihi p>it] deum quoque qui bonum e/ cont+et agnosc]e4 ,atqui hoc u]issima1 inquit1 ratione patefaciam1 maneant modo quae paulo ante conclusa sunt4 ,manebunt4 ,nonne1 inquit1 mon/rauimus ea quae appetuntur pluribus idcirco u]a p]fectaque bona non esse quoniam a se inuicem discrep>5t cumque alt]i abesset alt]um1 pl5um absolutumque bonum aff]re non posse8 ,tum autem u]um bonum fi]i cum 9 unam ueluti =mam atque effici5tiam colliguntur1 ut quae suffici5tia e/1 eadem sit pot5tia1 reu]5tia1 cl>itas atque iucunditas1 nisi u]o unum atque idem omnia s9t1 nihil hab]e quo int] expet5da num]5tur8 ,demon/ratum1 inquam1 nec dubit>i ullo modo pote/4 ,quae igitur cum discrepant m9ime bona sunt1 cum u]o unum esse coep]9t1 bona fiunt2 nonne haec ut bona s9t1 unitatis fi]i adeptione cont+it8 ,ita1 inquam1 uidetur4 ,s$ omne quod bonum e/ boni p>ticipatione bonum esse conc$is an m9ime8 ,ita e/4 ,oportet igitur idem esse unum atque bonum simili ratione conc$as2 eadem namque sub/antia e/ eorum quorum naturalit] non e/ diu]sus effectus4 ,neg>e1 inquam1 nequeo4 ,no/9e igitur1 inquit1 omne quod e/ tam diu man]e atque subsi/]e quam diu sit unum1 s$ int]ire atque dissolui p>it] atque unum de/it]it8 ,quonam modo8 ,vt 9 animalibus1 inquit1 cum 9 unum coeunt ac p]man5t anima corpusque1 id animal uocatur2 cum u]o haec unitas utriusque sep>atione dissoluitur1 int]ire nec iam esse animal liquet4 ,ipsum quoque corpus cum 9 una =ma membrorum coniunctione p]manet1 humana uisitur species2 at si di/ributae segregataeque p>tes corporis di/rax]9t unitatem1 des9it esse quod fu]at4 ,eoque modo p]curr5ti cet]a procul dubio patebit subsi/]e unumquodque1 dum unum e/1 cum u]o unum esse des9it1 int]ire4 ,consid]anti1 inquam1 mihi plura m9ime aliud uidetur4 ,e/ne igitur1 inquit1 quod 9 quantum naturalit] agat relicta subsi/5di appet5tia u5ire ad int]itum corruptionemque desid]et8 ,si animalia1 inquam1 consid]em quae hab5t aliquam uol5di nol5dique naturam1 nihil inu5io quod nullis extra cog5tibus abiciant man5di int5tionem et ad int]itum sponte fe/95t4 ,omne namque animal tu]i salutem laborat1 mortem u]o p]niciemque deuitat4 ,s$ quid de h]bis arboribusque1 quid de inanimatis omn9o cons5tiam rebus prorsus dubito4 ,atqui non e/ quod de hoc quoque possis ambig]e1 cum h]bas atque arbores intue>is primum sibi conu5i5tibus innasci locis1 ubi quantum e>um natura queat cito ex>esc]e atque int]ire non poss9t4 ,nam aliae quidem campis aliae montibus oriuntur1 alias f]unt paludes1 aliae saxis ha]5t1 ali>um fecundae sunt /]iles h>5ae1 quas si 9 alia quispiam loca transf]re conetur1 arescant4 ,s$ dat cuique natura quod conu5it et ne1 dum man]e possunt1 int]eant1 elaborat4 ,quid quod omnes uelut 9 t]ras ore dem]so trahunt alim5ta radicibus ac p] m$ullas robur corticemque diffundunt8 ,quid quod mollissimum quidque1 sicuti m$ulla e/1 int]iore semp] s$e reconditur1 extra u]o quadam ligni firmitate1 ultimus autem cortex adu]sum caeli intemp]iem quasi mali pati5s def5sor opponitur8 ,iam u]o quanta e/ naturae dilig5tia1 ut cuncta sem9e multiplicato propag5tur6 ,quae omnia non modo ad tempus man5di u]um g5]atim quoque quasi 9 p]petuum p]man5di ueluti quasdam ma*9as esse quis nesciat8 ,ea etiam quae inanimata esse cr$untur nonne quod suum e/ quaeque simili ratione desid]ant8 ,cur enim flammas quidem sursum leuitas uehit1 t]ras u]o deorsum pondus deprimit1 nisi quod haec s+ulis loca motionesque conu5iunt8 ,porro autem quod cuique cons5taneum e/1 id unumquodque cons]uat1 sicuti ea quae sunt inimica corrumpunt4 ,iam u]o quae dura sunt ut lapides1 adha]5t t5acissime p>tibus suis et ne facile dissoluantur resi/unt4 ,quae u]o liqu5tia ut a] atque aqua1 facile quidem diuid5tibus c$unt1 s$ cito 9 ea rursus a quibus sunt abscisa relabuntur1 ignis u]o omnem refugit sectionem4 ,neque nunc nos de uolunt>iis animae cognosc5tis motibus1 s$ de naturali int5tione tractamus1 sicuti e/ quod acceptas escas s9e cogitatione transigimus1 quod 9 somno spiritum ducimus nesci5tes2 nam ne 9 animalibus quidem man5di amor ex animae uoluntatibus1 u]um ex naturae pr9cipiis u5it4 ,nam saepe mortem cog5tibus causis quam natura re=midat uoluntas amplectitur1 contraque illud quo solo mortalium r]um durat diuturnitas gign5di opus1 quod natura semp] appetit1 int]dum co]cet uoluntas4 ,adeo haec sui c>itas non ex animali motione s$ ex naturali int5tione proc$it4 ,d$it enim pr\id5tia creatis a se rebus hanc uel maximam man5di causam ut quoad possunt naturalit] man]e desid]5t2 qu>e nihil e/ quod ullo modo queas dubit>e cuncta quae sunt appet]e naturalit] con/antiam p]man5di1 deuit>e p]niciem4 ,confiteor1 inquam1 nunc me indubitato c]n]e quae dudum inc]ta uidebantur4 ,quod autem1 inquit1 subsi/]e ac p]man]e petit1 id unum esse desid]at2 hoc enim sublato ne esse quidem cuiquam p]manebit4 ,v]um e/1 inquam4 ,omnia igitur1 inquit1 unum desid]ant4 ,cons5si4 ,s$ unum id ipsum mon/rauimus esse quod bonum4 ,ita quidem4 ,cuncta igitur bonum petunt1 quod quidem ita describas licet3 ipsum bonum esse quod desid]etur ab omnibus4 ,nihil1 inquam1 u]ius excogit>i pote/4 ,nam uel ad nihil unum cuncta ref]untur et uno ueluti u]tice de/ituta s9e rectore fluitabunt1 aut si quid e/ ad quod uniu]sa fe/95t1 id erit omnium summum bonorum4 ,et illa3 ,nimium1 inquit1 o alumne laetor1 ipsam enim m$iae u]itatis notam m5te fixi/i4 ,s$ 9 hoc patuit tibi quod ignor>e te paulo ante dicebas4 ,quid8 inquam4 ,quis esset1 inquit1 r]um omnium f9is4 ,is e/ enim pr(ecto1 quod desid]atur ab omnibus1 quod quia bonum esse collegimus1 oportet r]um omnium f9em bonum esse fateamur4 ,,xi4 ,i cons5t1 quo? ,i1 = all is gr\nd$ ^u mo/ firm reasons4 ,b :at acc\nt wilt ?\ make1 quo? %e1 to "k :at goodness itself is8 ,i w e/eem x inf9itely1 quo? ,i1 because by ?is means ,i %all come to "k ,god also1 :o is no?+ else b goodness4 ,i w conclude ?is1 quo? %e1 mo/ c]ta9ly1 if ^? ?+s be n d5i$ :i* ,i h already prov$4 ,!y %all n1 quo? ,i4 ,h we n prov$1 quo? %e1 t ^? ?+s :i* are desir$ ( _m1 are n true & p]fect goods1 because !y diff] "o f ano!r &1 be+ sep>at$1 _c cause complete & absolute goodness1 :i* is only f\nd :5 !y are unit$ z x 7 into "o =m & causality1 t ! same may be suffici5cy1 p[]1 respect1 fame1 & pleasure8 ,& except !y be all "o & ! same ?+1 t !y h no?+ wor? ! desir+8 ,x ha? be5 prov$1 quo? ,i1 nei!r c x be any way d\bt$ (4 ,^? ?+s1 !n1 :i*1 :5 !y diff]1 are n good & :5 !y are "o1 become good1 are !y n made good by obta9+ unity8 ,s me?9k1 quo? ,i4 ,b do/ ?\ grant t all t is good is good by p>tak+ goodness8 ,x is s4 ,?\ mu/ grant !n likewise t unity & goodness are ! same4 ,= ^? ?+s h ! same sub/ance1 :i* naturally h n div]se effects4 ,i _c d5y x1 quo? ,i4 ,kn[e/ ?\ !n1 quo? %e1 t ev]y?+ t is do? s long rema9 & subsi/ z x is "o1 & p]i%e? & is dissolv$ s soon z x cease? to be "o8 ,h[8 ,z 9 liv+ creatures1 quo? %e1 s long z ! body & s\l rema9 unit$1 ! liv+ creature rema9e?4 ,b :5 ?is unity is dissolv$ by _! sep>ation1 x is manife/ t x p]i%e?1 & is no long] a liv+ creature4 ,! body also itself1 s long z x rema9e? 9 "o =m by ! conjunction ( ! p>ts1 appe>e? ! lik5ess ( a man4 ,b if ! memb]s ( ! body1 be+ sep>at$ & sund]$1 h lo/ _! unity1 x is no long] ! same4 ,& 9 l mann] x w be manife/ to him t w desc5d to o!r p>ticul>s1 t ev]y?+ cont9ue? s long z x is "o1 & p]i%e? :5 x lose? unity4 ,consid]+ m p>ticul>s1 ,i f9d x to be no o!rwise4 ,is !re any?+1 quo? %e1 t 9 ! c\rse ( nature1 leav+ ! desire ( be+1 seeke? to come to de/ruction & corruption8 ,if1 quo? ,i1 ,i consid] liv+ creatures :i* h any nature to w & nill1 ,i f9d no?+ t )\t ext]n compulsion =sake ! int5tion to rema91 & ( _! own accord ha/5 to de/ruction4 ,= e liv+ creature lab\re? to pres]ve 8 heal?1 & es*ewe? dea? & detrim5t4 ,b :at ,i %\ld ?9k ( h]bs1 & trees1 & ( all ?+s )\t life1 ,i am altoge!r d\btful4 ,b !re is no cause :y ?\ %\ld/ d\bt ( ?is1 if ?\ consid]e/ fir/ t h]bs & trees gr[ 9 places agreeable to _! nature1 :]e1 s mu* z _! con/itution p]mitte?1 !y _c soon )] & p]i%4 ,= "s gr[ 9 fields1 o!r ^u hills1 "s 9 f5ny1 o!r 9 /ony places1 & ! b>r5 s&s are f]tile = "s1 :i* if ?\ w\ld/ transplant into o!r places !y die4 ,b nature give? e "o t :i* is fitt+1 & /rive? to keep !m f decay+ s long z !y c rema94 ,:at %\ld ,i tell !e1 if all ( !m1 ?ru/+ z x 7 _! lips into ! gr\nd1 draw n\ri%m5t by _! roots1 & convey sub/ance & b>k by ! inw>d pi?8 ,:at1 t always ! s(te/1 z ! pi?1 is plac$ )91 & is cov]$ )\t by ! /r5g? ( ! wood1 & la/ ( all ! b>k is expos$ to ! wea!r1 z be+ be/ able to be> x (f8 ,& h[ great is ! dilig5ce ( nature t all ?+s may cont9ue by ! multiplication ( se$2 all :i* :o kn[e? n to be1 z x 71 c]ta9 eng9es1 n only to rema9 = a "t1 b successively 9 a mann] to endure = ev]8 ,^? ?+s also :i* are ?\ght to be )\t all life1 do? n e "o 9 l mann] desire t :i* app]ta9e? to _! own good8 ,= :y do? levity lift up flames1 or heav9ess weigh d[n ! e>?1 b because ^! places & motions are conv5i5t = !m8 ,& t :i* is agreeable to ev]y?+ cons]ve? x1 z t :i* is opposite cause? corruption4 ,likewise ^? ?+s :i* are h>d1 z /ones1 /ick mo/ firmly to _! p>ts1 & make great resi/ance to any dissolution4 ,& liquid ?+s1 z air & wat]1 are inde$ easily divid$1 b d easily also jo9 aga94 ,& fire flie? all division4 ,nei!r d we n[ treat ( ! volunt>y motions ( ! und]/&+ s\l1 b only ( natural op]ations4 ,( :i* sort is1 to dige/ t :i* we h eat51 )\t ?9k+ ( x1 to brea! 9 our sleep n ?9k+ :at we d4 ,= ev5 9 liv+ creatures ! love ( life proce$e? n f ! w ( ! s\l1 b f ! pr9ciples ( nature4 ,= ! w _m times embrace? dea? ^u urg5t occasions1 :i* nature abhorre?2 & contr>iwise ! act ( g5]ation1 by :i* alone ! cont9uance ( mortal ?+s is ma9ta9$1 is sometimes bridl$ by ! w1 ?\gh nature do? always desire x4 ,s true x is t ?is self-love proce$e? n f any volunt>y motion1 b f natural int5tion4 ,= provid5ce gave to h] creatures ?is z ! greate/ cause ( cont9uance1 t !y naturally desire to cont9ue s long z !y may1 :]e=e !re is no cause :y ?\ %\ld/ any way d\bt t all ?+s :i* are desire naturally /ability ( rema9+1 & es*ew corruption4 ,i confess1 quo? ,i1 t ,i n[ see und\bt$ly t :i* be=e seem$ v d\btful4 ,n[ t1 quo? %e1 :i* desire? to cont9ue & rema9 seeke? to h unity4 ,= if ?is be tak5 away1 be+ itself _c rema94 ,x is true1 quo? ,i4 ,all ?+s !n1 quo? %e1 desire unity4 ,i grant$ x to be s4 ,b we h %[$ t unity is ! same z goodness4 ,y h inde$4 ,all ?+s !n desire goodness1 :i* ?\ maye/ def9e ?us3 ,goodness is t :i* is desir$ ( all ?+s4 ,!re c be no?+ imag9$ m true4 ,= ei!r all ?+s h ref]5ce to no "o pr9ciple &1 be+ de/itute z x 7 ( "o head1 %all be 9 confusion )\t any rul]3 or if !re be any?+ to :i* all ?+s ha/51 t mu/ be ! *iefe/ ( all goods4 ,i rejoice greatly ,o s*ol>1 quo? %e1 = ?\ ha/ fix$ 9 ?y m9d ! v m>k ( v]ity4 ,b 9 ?is ?\ ha/ discov]$ t :i* a little be=e ?\ saide/ ?\ w]t ignorant (4 ,:at is t8 quo? ,i4 ,:at ! end ( all ?+s is1 quo? %e4 ,= c]ta9ly x is t :i* is desir$ ( all ?+s1 :i* s9ce we h conclud$ to be goodness1 we mu/ also confess t goodness is ! end ( all ?+s4 ,,xi4 ,quisquis pr(unda m5te ue/igat u]um ,cupitque nullis ille deuiis falli1 ,9 se reuoluat intimi lucem uisus ,longosque 9 orbem cogat inflect5s motus ,animumque doceat quidquid extra molitur #e ,suis retrusum possid]e !sauris4 ,dudum quod atra texit erroris nubes ,lucebit ipso p]spicacius ,phoebo4 ,non omne namque m5te depulit lum5 ,obliuiosam corpus inueh5s molem4 #aj ,ha]et pr(ecto sem5 introrsum u]i ,quod excitatur u5tilante doctr9a4 ,nam cur rogati sponte recta c5setis1 ,ni m]sus alto uiu]et fomes corde8 ,quod si ,platonis ,musa p]sonat u]um1 #ae ,quod quisque discit immemor recordatur4 ,,xi4 ,he t w\ld seek ! tru? ) ?\ghts pr(\nd ,& w\ld n /ray 9 ways t are n "r1 ,he to himself mu/ turn 8 inw>d sight1 ,& guide 8 motions 9 a circl$ r\nd1 ,tea*+ 8 m9d t ev] %e design ,h]self 9 h] own treasures to possess3 ,s t :i* late lay hidd5 9 cl\d9ess ,m bright & cle> ?an ,phoebus' beams %all %9e4 ,fle% ha? n qu5*$ all ! _s's light1 ,?\gh ?is oblivion's lump holds h] oppre/4 ,"s se$ ( tru? rema9e? 9 our brea/1 ,:i* skilful le>n+ eas'ly do? excite4 ,= be+ askt h[ c we answ] true ,unless t grace )9 our he>ts did dwell8 ,if ,plato's heav5ly muse ! tru? u tell1 ,we le>n+ ?+s rememb] !m anew4#adj #adj ,= ,plato's doctr9e ( ,rem9isc5ce cf4 ,m5o #ha-hf1 & ,pha$o #gb-gf4 ,,xii4 ,tum ego3 ,platoni1 inquam1 uehem5t] ass5tior1 nam me horum iam secundo commemoras1 primum quod memoriam corporea contagione1 deh9c cum ma]oris mole pressus amisi4 ,tum illa3 ,si priora1 inquit1 concessa respicias1 ne illud quidem longius ab]it qu9 record]is quod te dudum nescire confessus es4 ,quid8 inquam4 ,quibus1 ait illa1 gub]naculis mundus regatur4 ,mem9i1 inquam1 me inscitiam meam fuisse confessum1 s$ quid aff]as1 licet iam prospiciam1 planius tam5 ex te audire desid]o4 ,mundum1 inquit1 hunc deo regi paulo ante m9ime dubit&um putabas4 ,ne nunc quidem arbitror1 inquam1 nec umquam dubit&um putabo quibusque 9 hoc rationibus acc$am breuit] exponam4 ,mundus hic ex tam diu]sis contr>iisque p>tibus 9 unam =mam m9ime conu5isset1 nisi unus esset qui tam diu]sa coniung]et4 ,coniuncta u]o natur>um ipsa diu]sitas inuicem discors dissoci>et atque diuell]et1 nisi unus esset qui quod nexuit cont9]et4 ,non tam u]o c]tus naturae ordo proc$]et nec tam dispositos motus locis1 temporibus1 effici5tia1 spatiis1 qualitatibus explic>5t1 nisi unus esset qui has mutationum u>ietates man5s ipse dispon]et4 ,hoc quidquid e/ quo condita man5t atque agitantur1 usitato cunctis uocabulo deum nom9o4 ,tum illa3 ,cum haec1 inquit1 ita s5tias1 p>uam mihi re/>e op]am puto ut felicitatis compos patriam sospes reuisas4 ,s$ quae proposuimus intueamur4 ,nonne 9 beatitud9e suffici5tiam num]auimus deumque beatitud9em ipsam esse cons5simus8 ,ita quidem4 ,et ad mundum igitur1 inquit1 reg5dum nullis extr9secus adm9iculis indigebit2 alioqu9 si quo egeat1 pl5am suffici5tiam non habebit4 ,id1 inquam1 ita e/ necess>ium4 ,p] se igitur solum cuncta disponit4 ,neg>i1 inquam1 nequit4 ,atqui deus ipsum bonum esse mon/ratus e/4 ,mem9i1 inquam4 ,p] bonum igitur cuncta disponit1 si quidem p] se regit omnia quem bonum esse cons5simus et hic e/ ueluti quidam clauus atque gub]naculum quo mundana ma*9a /abilis atque incorrupta s]uatur4 ,vehem5t] ass5tior1 inquam1 et id te paulo ante dicturam t5ui licet suspicione prospexi4 ,cr$o2 inquit1 iam enim ut arbitror uigilantius ad c]n5da u]a oculos d$ucis4 ,s$ quod dicam non m9us ad contu5dum patet4 ,quid8 inquam4 ,cum deus1 inquit1 omnia bonitatis clauo gub]n>e iure cr$atur eademque omnia sicuti docui ad bonum naturali int5tione fe/95t1 num dubit>i pote/ qu9 uolunt>ia regantur seque ad dispon5tis nutum ueluti conu5i5tia contemp]ataque rectori sponte conu]tant8 ,ita1 inquam1 necesse e/2 nec beatum regim5 esse uid]etur1 si quidem detrectantium iugum =et1 non obtemp]antium salus4 ,nihil e/ igitur quod naturam s]uans deo contraire conetur4 ,nihil1 inquam4 ,quod si conetur1 ait1 num t&em pr(iciet quidquam adu]sus eum quem iure beatitud9is pot5tissimum esse concessimus8 ,prorsus1 inquam1 nihil ual]et4 ,non e/ igitur aliquid quod summo huic bono uel uelit uel possit obsi/]e4 ,non1 inquam1 arbitror4 ,e/ igitur summum1 inquit1 bonum quod regit cuncta =tit] suauit]que disponit4 ,tum ego3 ,quam1 inquam1 me non modo ea quae conclusa e/ summa rationum1 u]um multo magis haec ipsa quibus ut]is u]ba delectant1 ut t&em aliqu&o /ultitiam magna lac]antem sui pudeat4 ,accepi/i1 inquit1 9 fabulis lacess5tes caelum ,gigantas2 s$ illos quoque1 uti condignum fuit1 b5igna =titudo disposuit4 ,s$ uisne rationes ipsas inuicem collidamus8 ,=sitan ex huiusmodi conflictatione pul*ra qua$am u]itatis sc9tilla dissiliat4 ,tuo1 inquam1 arbitratu4 ,deum1 inquit1 esse omnium pot5tem nemo dubitau]it4 ,qui quidem1 inquam1 m5te consi/at1 nullus prorsus ambigat4 ,qui u]o e/1 inquit1 omnium pot5s1 nihil e/ quod ille non possit4 ,nihil1 inquam4 ,num igitur deus fac]e malum pote/8 ,m9ime1 inquam4 ,malum igitur1 inquit1 nihil e/1 cum id fac]e ille non possit1 qui nihil non pote/4 ,ludisne1 inquam1 me inextricabilem labyr9?um rationibus tex5s1 quae nunc quidem qua egr$i>is introeas1 nunc u]o quo introi]is egr$i>e1 an mirabilem qu5dam diu9ae simplicitatis orbem complicas8 ,et5im paulo ante beatitud9e incipi5s eam summum bonum esse dicebas quam 9 summo deo sitam loqueb>e4 ,ipsum quoque deum summum esse bonum pl5amque beatitud9em diss]ebas2 ex quo nem9em beatum =e nisi qui p>it] deus esset quasi munusculum dabas4 ,rursus ipsam boni =mam dei ac beatitud9is loqueb>is esse sub/antiam ipsumque unum id ipsum esse bonum docebas quod ab omni r]um natura pet]etur4 ,deum quoque bonitatis gub]naculis uniu]sitatem reg]e disputabas uol5tiaque cuncta p>]e nec ullam mali esse naturam4 ,atque haec nullis extr9secus sumptis s$ ex alt]o alt]o fidem trah5te insitis dome/icisque probationibus explicabas4 ,tum illa3 ,m9ime1 inquit1 ludimus remque omnium maximam dei mun]e quem dudum deprecabamur exegimus4 ,ea e/ enim diu9ae =ma sub/antiae ut neque 9 ext]na dilabatur nec 9 se ext]num aliquid ipsa suscipiat1 s$1 sicut de ea ,p>m5ides ait3 ,greek3 ,panto!n eukukl\ sphairaes enal9kion onkoi1 r]um orbem mobilem rotat1 dum se immobilem ipsa cons]uat4 ,quod si rationes quoque non extra petitas s$ intra rei quam tractabamus ambitum collocatas agitauimus1 nihil e/ quod admir]e1 cum ,platone sanci5te didic]is cognatos de quibus loquuntur rebus oport]e esse s]mones4 ,,xii4 ,!n ,i said t ,i did v well l ( ,plato's doctr9e1 = ?\ do/ br+ ^! ?+s to my remembrance n[ ! second "t1 fir/1 because ,i lo/ _! memory by ! contagion ( my body1 & aft] :5 ,i 0 oppress$ ) ! burd5 ( grief4 ,if1 quo? %e1 ?\ reflecte/ ^u t :i* h]et(ore ha? be5 grant$1 ?\ wilt n be f> f rememb]+ t :i* 9 ! beg9n+ ?\ confess$/ ?yself to be ignorant (4 ,:at8 quo? ,i4 ,by :at gov]nm5t1 quo? %e1 ! _w is rul$4 ,i rememb]1 quo? ,i1 t ,i did confess my ignorance1 b ?\gh ,i =esee :at ?\ wilt say1 yet ,i desire to he> x m pla9ly f ?yself4 ,?\ ?\ghte/ a little be=e t x 0 n to be d\bt$ t ?is _w is gov]n$ by ,god4 ,nei!r d ,i ?9k n[1 quo? ,i1 nei!r w ,i ev] ?9k1 t x is to be d\bt$ (1 & ,i w briefly explicate ! reasons :i* move me to ?9k s4 ,?is _w c\ld nev] h be5 compact$ ( s _m div]s & contr>y p>ts1 unless !re 7 ,"o t do? unite ^! s diff]5t ?+s2 & ?is disagree+ div]sity ( natures be+ unit$ w\ld sep>ate & divide ?is concord1 unless !re 7 ,"o t holde? toge!r t :i* ,he unit$4 ,nei!r w\ld ! c\rse ( nature cont9ue s c]ta91 nor w\ld ! diff]5t p>ts hold s well- ord]$ motions 9 due places1 times1 causality1 spaces & qualities1 unless !re 7 ,"o :o1 ,himself rema9+ quiet1 dispose? & ord]e? ?is v>iety ( motions4 ,?is1 :atsoev] x be1 by :i* ?+s creat$ cont9ue & are mov$1 ,i call ,god1 a "n :i* all m5 use4#ada ,s9ce1 quo? %e1 ?\ art ( ?is m9d1 ,i ?9k ) little lab\r ?\ maye/ be capable ( felicity1 & return to ?y c\ntry 9 safety4 ,b let u consid] :at we propos$4 ,h we n plac$ suffici5cy 9 happ9ess1 & grant$ t ,god is bless$ness itself8 ,yes truly4 ,:]e=e1 quo? %e1 ,he w ne$ no outw>d helps to gov]n ! _w1 o!rwise1 if ,he ne$$ any?+1 ,he _h n full suffici5cy4 ,t1 quo? ,i1 mu/ necess>ily be s4 ,:]e=e ,he dispose? all ?+s by ,himself4 ,no d\bt ,he do?1 quo? ,i4 ,b x ha? be5 prov$ t ,god is goodness itself4 ,i rememb] x v well1 quo? ,i4 ,!n ,he dispose? all ?+s by goodness3 s9ce ,he gov]ne? all ?+s by ,himself1 :om we h grant$ to be goodness4 ,& ?is is z x 7 ! helm & rudd] by :i* ! frame ( ! _w is kept /eadfa/ & uncorrupt$4 ,i mo/ will+ly agree1 quo? ,i1 & ,i =esaw a little be=e1 ?\gh only ) a sl5d] guess1 t ?\ w\ld/ conclude ?is4 ,i believe !e1 quo? %e1 = n[ ,i suppose ?\ looke/ m wat*fully ab\t !e to disc]n ! tru?4 ,b t :i* ,i %all say is no less manife/4 ,:at8 quo? ,i4 ,s9ce t ,god is des]v$ly ?\ght to gov]n all ?+s ) ! helm ( goodness1 & all ^! ?+s likewise1 z ,i h %[$1 ha/5 to goodness ) _! natural cont5tion1 c !re be any d\bt made b t !y are gov]n$ will+ly1 & t !y frame !mselves ( _! own accord to _! dispos]'s beck1 z agreeable & con=mable to _! rul]8 ,x mu/ ne$s be s1 quo? ,i1 nei!r w\ld x seem an happy gov]nm5t1 if x 7 an impos$ yoke1 n a desir$ heal?4 ,!re is no?+ !n :i*1 foll[+ nature1 endeav\re? to resi/ ,god4 ,no?+1 quo? ,i4 ,:at if any?+ do? endeav\r1 quo? %e1 c any?+ prevail aga9/ ,him1 :om we h grant$ to be mo/ p[]ful by reason ( ,8 bless$ness8 ,no d\bt1 quo? ,i1 no?+ c\ld prevail4 ,:]e=e !re is no?+ :i* ei!r w or c resi/ ?is sov]eign goodness4 ,i ?9k n1 quo? ,i4 ,x is !n ! sov]eign goodness :i* gov]ne? all ?+s /rongly1 & dispose? !m sweetly4 ,h[ mu*1 quo? ,i1 do? n only ! reason :i* ?\ allege/1 b mu* m ! v words :i* ?\ use/1 delight me1 t folly :i* s mu* vex$ me may at l5g? be a%am$ ( h]self4 ,?\ ha/ he>d 9 ! poets' fables1 quo? %e1 h[ ! giants provok$ heav51 b ?is b5ign =titude put !m also d[n1 z !y des]v$4 ,b wilt ?\ h our argum5ts cont5d toge!r8 ,p]haps by ?is cla% !re w fly out "s beautiful sp>k ( tru?4 ,z x please? !e1 quo? ,i4 ,no man c d\bt1 quo? %e1 b t ,god is almighty4 ,no man1 quo? ,i1 t is well 9 8 wits4 ,b1 quo? %e1 !re is no?+ t ,he :o is almighty _c d4 ,no?+1 quo? ,i4 ,c ,god d evil8 ,no1 quo? ,i1 ,:]e=e1 quo? %e1 evil is no?+1 s9ce ,he _c d x :o c d any?+4 ,do/ ?\ mock me1 quo? ,i1 mak+ ) ?y reasons an inextricable labyr9?1 because ?\ do/ n[ g 9 :]e ?\ meane/ to g out aga91 & aft] g out1 :]e ?\ came/ 91 or do/ ?\ frame a wond]ful circle ( ! simplicity ( ,god8 ,= a little be=e tak+ ?y beg9n+ f bless$ness1 ?\ affirm$/ t to be ! *iefe/ good :i* ?\ said/ 0 plac$ 9 ,god1 & likewise ?\ prov$/1 t ,god ,himself is ! *iefe/ good & full happ9ess1 out ( :i* ?\ made/ me a pres5t ( t inf]5ce1 t no man %all be happy unless he be also a ,god4 ,aga9 ?\ tolde/ me t ! =m ( goodness is ! sub/ance ( ,god & ( bless$ness1 & t unity is ! same ) goodness1 because x is desir$ by ! nature ( all ?+s2 ?\ did/ also dispute t ,god gov]ne? ! :ole _w ) ! helm ( goodness1 & t all ?+s obey will+ly1 & t !re is no nature ( evil1 & ?\ did/ explicate all ^! ?+s ) no =eign or f>-fet*$ pro(s1 b ) ^? :i* 7 prop] & drawn f inw>d pr9ciples1 ! "o confirm+ ! o!r4 ,we nei!r play nor mock1 quo? %e1 & we h f9i%$ ! greate/ matt] t c be by ! assi/ance ( ,god1 ^: aid we implor$ 9 ! beg9n+4 ,= su* is ! =m ( ! ,div9e sub/ance t x is nei!r divid$ into outw>d ?+s1 nor receive? any su* into itself1 b z ,p>m5ides sai? ( x3 ,9 body l a sph]e well-r\nd$ on all sides1#adb x do? roll ab\t ! mov+ orb ( ?+s1 :ile x keepe? itself unmovable4 ,& if we h us$ no f>-fet*$ reasons1 b su* z 7 plac$ )9 ! compass ( ! matt] we h&l$1 ?\ ha/ no cause to m>vel1 s9ce ?\ ha/ le>n$ 9 ,plato's s*ool t our spee*es mu/ be l & z x 7 ak9 to ! ?+s we speak (4 #ada ,vide supra1 ,tr4 iv4 7pp4 #ef ff474 #adb ,cf4 ,frag4 #h4 #dc 7,diels1 ,vorsokratik]1 i4 p4 #aeh74 ,,xii4 ,felix qui potuit boni ,fontem uis]e lucidum1 ,felix qui potuit grauis ,t]rae solu]e u9cula4 ,quondam fun]a coniugis #e ,vates ,?reicius gem5s ,po/quam flebilibus modis ,siluas curr]e mobiles1 ,amnes />e coeg]at1 ,iunxitque intrepidum latus #aj ,saeuis c]ua leonibus1 ,nec uisum timuit lepus ,iam cantu placidum canem1 ,cum flagrantior intima ,f]uor pectoris ur]et1 #ae ,nec qui cuncta subeg]ant ,mulc]5t dom9um modi1 ,inmites sup]os qu]5s ,inf]nas adiit domos4 ,illic bl&a sonantibus #bj ,*ordis c>m9a temp]ans ,quidquid praecipuis deae ,matris fontibus haus]at1 ,quod luctus dabat impot5s1 ,quod luctum gem9ans amor1 #be ,deflet ,ta5>a comm\5s ,et dulci u5iam prece ,vmbr>um dom9os rogat4 ,/upet t]gem9us n\o ,captus c>m9e ianitor1 #cj ,quae sontes agitant metu ,vltrices scel]um deae ,iam mae/ae lacrimis mad5t4 ,non ,ixionium caput ,velox praecipitat rota #ce ,et longa site p]ditus ,sp]nit flum9a ,tantalus4 ,vultur dum satur e/ modis1 ,non traxit ,tityi iecur4 ,t&em1 ',v9cimur1' arbit] #dj ,vmbr>um mis]ans ait1 ',donamus comitem uiro ,emptam c>m9e coniugem4 ,s$ lex dona co]ceat1 ,ne1 dum ,t>t>a liqu]it1 #de ,fas sit lum9a flect]e4' ,quis legem det amantibus8 ,maior lex amor e/ sibi4 ,heu1 noctis prope t]m9os ,orpheus ,eurydic5 suam #ej ,vidit1 p]didit1 occidit4 ,vos haec fabula respicit ,quicumque 9 sup]um diem ,m5tem duc]e qua]itis4 ,nam qui ,t>t>eum 9 specus #ee ,victus lum9a flex]it1 ,quidquid praecipuum trahit ,p]dit1 dum uidet inf]os4 ,,xii4 ,happy is he t c behold ,! well-spr+ :5ce all good do? rise1 ,happy is he t c unfold ,! b&s ) :i* ! e>? him ties4 ,! ,?racian poet ^: sweet song ,p]=m$ 8 wife's sad obsequies1 ,& =c$ ! woods to run along ,:5 he 8 m\rnful tunes did play1 ,^: p[]ful music 0 s /rong ,t x c\ld make ! riv]s /ay2 ,! fe>ful h9ds n daunt$ 71 ,b ) ! lions took _! way1 ,nor did ! h>e behold ) fe> ,! dog :om ^! sweet notes appease4 ,:5 =ce ( grief drew yet m ne>1 ,& on 8 he>t did burn+ seize1 ,nor tunes :i* all 9 quiet b\nd ,c\ld any jot _! ma/] ease1 ,! gods above too h>d he f\nd1 ,& ,pluto's palace visit+4 ,he mix$ sweet v]ses ) ! s\nd ,( 8 l\d h>p's delightful /r+1 ,all t he drank ) ?ir/y draught ,f 8 high "m's *iefe/ spr+1 ,all t 8 re/less grief him taught1 ,& love :i* gives grief d\ble aid1 ,) ?is ev5 hell itself 0 caught1 ,:i!r he w5t1 & p>don pray$ ,= 8 de> sp\se 7unhe>d reque/74 ,! ?ree-head port] 0 dismay$1 ,ravi%$ ) 8 unwont$ gue/1 ,! ,furies1 :i* 9 tortures keep ,! guilty s\ls ) pa9s oppre/1 ,mov$ ) 8 song began to weep4 ,ixion's :eel n[ /&+ /ill ,turns n 8 head ) motions /eep4 ,?\gh ,tantalus might dr9k at w1 ,to qu5* 8 ?ir/ he w\ld =be>4 ,! vulture full ) music %rill ,do? n poor ,tityus' liv] te>4 ',we by 8 v]ses conqu]$ are1' ,sai? ! great ,k+ :om spirits fe>4 ',let u n !n f him deb> ,8 wife :om he ) songs do? ga94 ,yet le/ our gift %\ld /ret* too f>1 ,we w x ) ?is law re/ra91 ,t :5 f hell he takes 8 flight1 ,he %all f look+ back refra94' ,:o c = lov]s laws indite8 ,love ha? no law b h] own w4 ,orpheus1 see+ on ! v]ge ( night ,eurydice1 do? lose & kill ,h] & himself ) fooli% love4 ,b y ?is feign$ tale fulfil1 ,:o ?9k unto ! day above ,to br+ ) spe$ y\r d>ksome m9d4 ,= if1 y\r eye conqu]$1 y move ,backw>d to ,pluto left beh9d1 ,all ! ri* prey :i* !nce y took1 ,y lose :ile back to hell y look4 ,,anicii ,,manlii ,,sev]9i ,,boe?ii ,v4,c4 ,,et ,,inl4 ,,excons4 ,,ord4 ,,patricii ,,philosophiae ,,consolationis ,,lib] ,,t]tivs ,,explicit ,,incipit ,,lib] ,,iv ,i4 ,haec cum ,philosophia dignitate uultus et oris grauitate s]uata l5it] suauit]que cec9isset1 tum ego nondum p5itus insiti ma]oris oblitus int5tionem dic]e adhuc aliquid p>antis abrupi4 ,et3 ,o1 inquam1 u]i praeuia lum9is quae usque adhuc tua fudit oratio1 cum sui speculatione diu9a tum tuis rationibus inuicta patu]unt1 eaque mihi etsi ob iniuriae dolorem nup] oblita non tam5 antehac prorsus ignorata dixi/i4 ,s$ ea ipsa e/ uel maxima no/ri causa ma]oris1 quod1 cum r]um bonus rector exsi/at1 uel esse omn9o mala poss9t uel impunita praet]eant2 quod solum quanta dignum sit admiratione pr(ecto consid]as4 ,at huic aliud maius adiungitur4 ,nam imp]ante flor5teque nequitia uirtus non solum praemiis c>et1 u]um etiam scel]atorum p$ibus subiecta calcatur et 9 locum fac9orum supplicia luit4 ,quae fi]i 9 regno sci5tis omnia1 pot5tis omnia s$ bona tantummodo uol5tis dei nemo satis pote/ nec admir>i nec conqu]i4 ,tum illa3 ,et esset1 inquit1 inf9iti /uporis omnibusque horribilius mon/ris1 si1 uti tu ae/imas1 9 tanti uelut patrisfamilias dispositissima domo uilia uasa col]5tur1 pretiosa sordesc]5t4 ,s$ non ita e/4 ,nam si ea quae paulo ante conclusa sunt inconuulsa s]uantur1 ipso de cuius nunc regno loquimur auctore cognosces semp] quidem pot5tes esse bonos1 malos u]o abiectos semp] atque inbecillos nec s9e po5a umquam esse uitia nec s9e praemio uirtutes1 bonis felicia1 malis semp] in=tunata cont+]e multaque id g5us quae sopitis qu]elis firma te soliditate corrobor5t4 ,et quoniam u]ae =mam beatitud9is me dudum mon/rante uidi/i1 quo etiam sita sit agn\i/i1 decursis omnibus quae praemitt]e necess>ium puto1 uiam tibi quae te domum reuehat o/5dam4 ,p5nas etiam tuae m5ti quibus se 9 altum toll]e possit adfigam1 ut p]turbatione depulsa sospes 9 patriam meo ductu1 mea semita1 meis etiam uehiculis reu]t>is4 ,,! ,,f\r? ,,book ,,( ,,boe?ius ,i4 ,:5 ,philosophy _h sung ^! v]ses ) a s(t & sweet voice1 obs]v+ due dignity & gravity 9 h] c\nt5ance & ge/ure1 ,i1 n hav+ altoge!r =gott5 my inw>d grief1 int]rupt$ h] spee* :i* %e 0 ab\t to cont9ue1 & said3 ,o ?\ :o br+e/ u to see true light1 ^? ?+s :i* hi!rto ?\ ha/ treat$ ( h manife/ly appe>$ bo? to be div9e :5 contemplat$ ap>t1 & inv9cible :5 support$ by ?y reasons1 & :at ?\ ha/ utt]$1 ?\gh ! =ce ( grief _h made me =get x ( late1 yet h]et(ore ,i 0 n altoge!r ignorant ( x4 ,b ?is is ! *iefe/ cause ( my sorr[1 t s9ce ! gov]nor ( all ?+s is s good1 !re c ei!r be any evil at all1 or t x pass unpuni%$4 ,:i* alone ,i besee* !e consid]1 h[ mu* admiration x des]ve?4 ,b !re is ano!r great] ?an ?is2 = wick$ness be>+ rule & sway1 virtue is n only )\t rew>d1 b lie? also trodd5 "u ! wick$'s feet1 & is puni%$ in/ead ( vice4 ,t :i* ?+s %\ld be done 9 ! k+dom ( ,god1 :o kn[e? all ?+s1 c d all ?+s1 b w d only t :i* is good1 no man c suffici5tly admire nor compla94 ,to :i* %e answ]$3 ,x 7 inde$ inf9itely /range1 & surpass+ all mon/]s1 if1 z ?\ conceive/1 9 ! be/-ord]$ h\se ( s great an h\sehold] ! vile/ vessels 7 made acc\nt ( & ! preci\s neglect$2 b x is n s4 ,= if ^? ?+s :i* 7 a little be=e conclud$ be kept unviolat$1 ?\ %alt by ,8 help1 ( ^: k+dom we speak1 "k t ! good are always p[]ful1 & ! evil always abject & weak1 & t vices are nev] )\t puni%m5t1 nor virtue )\t rew>d1 & t ! good are always prosp]\s1 & ! evil un=tunate1 & _m ?+s ( t sort1 :i* w take away all cause ( compla9t1 & give !e firm & solid /r5g?4 ,& s9ce by my means ?\ ha/ already se5 ! =m ( true bless$ness1 & kn[n :]e x is plac$1 runn+ ov] all ^? ?+s :i* ,i ?9k necess>y to rehe>se1 ,i w %[ !e ! way :i* w c>ry !e home4 ,& ,i w also fa/5 w+s ^u ?y m9d1 ) :i* %e may r\se h]self1 t1 all p]turbation be+ driv5 away1 ?\ maye/ return safely into ?y c\ntry by my direction1 by my pa?1 & ) my w+s4 ,i4 ,sunt et5im p5nae uolucres mihi ,quae celsa consc5dant poli4 ,quas sibi cum uelox m5s induit1 ,t]ras p]osa despicit1 ,a]is inm5si sup]at globum1 #e ,nubesque po/]gum uidet1 ,quique agili motu calet ae!ris1 ,transc5dit ignis u]ticem1 ,donec 9 a/rif]as surgat domos ,phoeboque coniungat uias #aj ,aut comitetur it] gelidi s5is ,miles corusci sid]is1 ,vel quocumque micans nox p+itur1 ,recurrat a/ri circulum ,atque ubi iam exhau/i fu]it satis1 #ae ,polum rel9quat extimum ,dorsaque uelocis premat ae!ris ,compos u]5di lum9is4 ,hic regum sceptrum dom9us t5et ,orbisque hab5as temp]at #bj ,et uolucrem currum /abilis regit ,r]um coruscus arbit]4 ,huc te si r$ucem ref]at uia1 ,quam nunc requiris immemor3 ',haec1' dices1 'mem9i1 patria e/ mihi1 #be ,h9c ortus2 hic si/am gradum4 ,quod si t]r>um placeat tibi ,noctem relictam uis]e1 ,quos mis]i toruos populi tim5t ,c]nes tyrannos exules4 #cj ,i4 ,= ,i h swift & nimble w+s :i* w asc5d ! l(ty skies1 ,) :i* :5 ?y quick m9d is clad1 x w ! loa?d e>? despise1 ,& g beyond ! airy globe1 & wat]y cl\ds beh9d !e leave1 ,pass+ ! fire :i* scor*+ heat do? f ! heav5s' swift c\rse receive1 ,until x rea* ! />ry h\se1 & get to tread bright ,phoebus' ways1 ,foll[+ ! *illy sire's pa?1#adc companion ( 8 fla%+ rays1 ,& trace ! circle ( ! />s :i* 9 ! night to u appe>1 ,& hav+ /ay$ !re long en\gh g on beyond ! f>!/ sph]e1 ,sitt+ ^u ! highe/ orb p>tak] ( ! glori\s light1 ,:]e ! great ,k+ 8 sceptre holds1 & ! _w's re9s do? guide aright1 ,&1 firm 9 8 swift *>iot1 do? ev]y?+ 9 ord] set4 ,unto ?is seat :5 ?\ art br\ght1 ?y c\ntry1 :i* ?\ did/ =get1 ,?\ !n wilt *all5ge to ?yself1 say+3 ',?is is ! glori\s l& ,:]e ,i 0 born1 & 9 ?is soil my feet = ev]more %all /&4 ,:5ce if ?\ please/ to behold ! e>?ly night :i* ?\ ha/ left1 ,^? tyrants :i* ! p fe> w seem ( _! true home b]eft4' #adc ,cf4 frigida ,saturni sese quo ,/ella receptet1 ,virg4 ,georg4 i4 #ccf4 ,,ii4 ,tum ego3 ,papae1 inquam1 ut magna promittis6 ,nec dubito qu9 possis effic]e2 tu modo quem excitau]is ne mor]is4 ,primum igitur1 inquit1 bonis semp] adesse pot5tiam1 malos cunctis uiribus esse des]tos agnoscas licebit1 quorum quidem alt]um demon/ratur ex alt]o4 ,nam cum bonum malumque contr>ia s9t1 si bonum pot5s esse con/it]it1 liquet inbecillitas mali2 at si fragilitas cl>escat mali1 boni firmitas nota e/4 ,s$ uti no/rae s5t5tiae fides abundantior sit1 alt]utro calle proc$am nunc h9c nunc inde proposita confirmans4 ,duo sunt quibus omnis humanorum actuum con/at effectus1 uoluntas scilicet ac pote/as1 quorum si alt]utrum desit1 nihil e/ quod explic>i queat4 ,defici5te et5im uoluntate ne aggr$itur quidem quisque quod non uult2 at si pote/as absit1 uoluntas fru/ra sit4 ,quo fit ut si quem uideas adipisci uelle quod m9ime adipiscatur1 huic obt95di quod uolu]it defuisse ual5tiam dubit>e non possis4 ,p]spicuum e/1 inquam1 nec ullo modo neg>i pote/4 ,quem u]o effecisse quod uolu]it uideas1 num etiam potuisse dubitabis8 ,m9ime4 ,quod u]o quisque pote/1 9 eo ualidus1 quod u]o non pote/1 9 hoc imbecillis esse c5s5dus e/4 ,fateor1 inquam4 ,mem9i/9e igitur1 inquit1 sup]ioribus rationibus esse collectum int5tionem omnem uoluntatis humanae quae diu]sis /udiis agitur ad beatitud9em fe/9>e8 ,mem9i1 inquam1 illud quoque esse demon/ratum4 ,num record>is beatitud9em ipsum esse bonum eoque modo1 cum beatitudo petitur1 ab omnibus desid]>i bonum8 ,m9ime1 inquam1 recordor1 quoniam id memoriae fixum t5eo4 ,omnes igitur hom9es boni p>it] ac mali indiscreta int5tione ad bonum p]u5ire nituntur8 ,ita1 inquam1 consequ5s e/4 ,s$ c]tum e/ adeptione boni bonos fi]i4 ,c]tum4 ,adipiscuntur igitur boni quod appetunt8 ,sic uidetur4 ,mali u]o si adipisc]5tur quod appetunt bonum1 mali esse non poss5t4 ,ita e/4 ,cum igitur utrique bonum petant1 s$ hi quidem adipiscantur1 illi u]o m9ime1 num dubium e/ bonos quidem pot5tes esse1 qui u]o mali sunt imbecillos8 ,quisquis1 inquam1 dubitat1 nec r]um naturam nec consequ5tiam pote/ consid]>e rationum4 ,rursus1 inquit1 si duo s9t quibus idem secundum naturam propositum sit eorumque unus naturali (ficio id ipsum agat atque p]ficiat1 alt] u]o naturale illud (ficium m9ime adm9i/r>e queat1 alio u]o modo quam naturae conu5it non quidem impleat propositum suum s$ imitetur impl5tem1 quemnam horum ual5tiorem esse dec]nis8 ,etsi coniecto1 inquam1 quid uelis1 planius tam5 audire desid]o4 ,ambul&i1 inquit1 motum secundum naturam esse hom9ibus num negabis8 ,m9ime1 inquam4 ,eiusque rei p$um (ficium esse naturale num dubitas8 ,ne hoc quidem1 inquam4 ,si quis igitur p$ibus inc$]e ual5s ambulet aliusque cui hoc naturale p$um desit (ficium1 manibus nit5s ambul>e conetur1 quis horum iure ual5tior exi/im>i pote/8 ,contexe1 inquam1 cet]a2 nam qu9 naturalis (ficii pot5s eo qui idem nequeat ual5tior sit1 nullus ambigat4 ,s$ summum bonum1 quod aeque malis bonisque propositum1 boni quidem naturali (ficio uirtutum petunt1 mali u]o u>iam p] cupiditatem1 quod adipisc5di boni naturale (ficium non e/1 idem ipsum conantur adipisci4 ,an tu alit] exi/imas8 ,m9ime1 inquam1 nam etiam quod e/ consequ5s patet4 ,ex 8 enim quae concess]im1 bonos quidem pot5tes1 malos u]o esse necesse e/ imbecillos4 ,recte1 inquit1 praecurris idque1 uti m$ici sp]>e sol5t1 indicium e/ erectae iam resi/5tisque naturae4 ,s$ quoniam te ad intelleg5dum promptissimum esse conspicio1 crebras coac]uabo rationes4 ,vide enim quanta uitiosorum hom9um pateat infirmitas qui ne ad hoc quidem p]u5ire queunt ad quod eos naturalis ducit ac pa5e compellit int5tio4 ,et quid si hoc tam magno ac pa5e inuicto praeeuntis naturae des]]5tur auxilio8 ,consid]a u]o quanta scel]atos hom9es habeat impot5tia4 ,neque enim leuia aut ludicra praemia petunt1 quae consequi atque obt9]e non possunt1 s$ circa ipsam r]um summam u]ticemque deficiunt nec 9 eo mis]is cont+it effectus quod solum dies noctesque moliuntur2 9 qua re bonorum uires em95t4 ,sicut enim eum qui p$ibus inc$5s ad eum locum usque p]u5ire potuisset1 quo nihil ult]ius p]uium iac]et incessui1 ambul&i pot5tissimum esse c5s]es1 ita eum qui expet5dorum f9em quo nihil ultra e/ appreh5dit1 pot5tissimum necesse e/ iudices4 ,ex quo fit quod huic obiacet1 ut idem scele/i1 idem uiribus omnibus uideantur esse des]ti4 ,cur enim relicta uirtute uitia sectantur8 ,inscitiane bonorum8 ,s$ quid en]uatius ignorantiae caecitate8 ,an sect&a n\]unt8 ,s$ transu]sos eos libido praecipitat4 ,sic quoque intemp]antia fragiles qui obluct>i uitio nequeunt4 ,an sci5tes uol5tesque bonum des]unt1 ad uitia deflectunt8 ,s$ hoc modo non solum pot5tes esse s$ omn9o esse des9unt4 ,nam qui communem omnium quae sunt f9em rel9quunt1 p>it] quoque esse desi/unt4 ,quod quidem cuipiam mirum =te uideatur1 ut malos1 qui plures hom9um sunt1 eosdem non esse dicamus2 s$ ita sese res habet4 ,nam qui mali sunt eos malos esse non abnuo2 s$ eosdem esse pure atque simplicit] nego4 ,nam uti cadau] hom9em mortuum dix]is1 simplicit] u]o hom9em appell>e non possis1 ita uitiosos malos quidem esse concess]im1 s$ esse absolute nequeam confit]i4 ,e/ enim quod ord9em ret9et s]uatque naturam2 quod u]o ab hac deficit1 esse etiam quod 9 sua natura situm e/ d]el9quit4 ',s$ possunt1' inquies1 'mali4' ,ne ego quidem negau]im1 s$ haec eorum pot5tia non a uiribus s$ ab imbecillitate desc5dit4 ,possunt enim mala quae m9ime ual]5t1 si 9 bonorum effici5tia man]e potuiss5t4 ,quae possibilitas eos euid5tius nihil posse demon/rat4 ,nam si1 uti paulo ante collegimus1 malum nihil e/1 cum mala tantummodo poss9t1 nihil posse improbos liquet4 ,p]spicuum e/4 ,atque ut intellegas qua5am sit huius pot5tiae uis1 summo bono nihil pot5tius esse paulo ante def9iuimus4 ,ita e/1 inquam4 ,s$ idem1 inquit1 fac]e malum nequit4 ,m9ime4 ,e/ igitur1 inquit1 aliquis qui omnia posse hom9es putet8 ,nisi quis insaniat1 nemo4 ,atqui idem possunt mala4 ,vt9am quidem1 inquam1 non poss5t4 ,cum igitur bonorum tantummodo pot5s possit omnia1 non u]o queant omnia pot5tes etiam malorum1 eosdem qui mala possunt m9us posse manife/um e/4 ,huc acc$it quod omnem pot5tiam int] expet5da num]&am omniaque expet5da ref]ri ad bonum uelut ad quoddam naturae suae cacum5 o/5dimus4 ,s$ patr&i scel]is possibilitas ref]ri ad bonum non pote/2 expet5da igitur non e/4 ,atqui omnis pot5tia expet5da e/2 liquet igitur malorum possibilitatem non esse pot5tiam4 ,ex quibus omnibus bonorum quidem pot5tia1 malorum u]o m9ime dubitabilis app>et infirmitas u]amque illam ,platonis esse s5t5tiam liquet solos quod desid]5t fac]e posse sapi5tes1 improbos u]o ex]c]e quidem quod libeat1 quod u]o desid]5t expl]e non posse4 ,faciunt enim quaelibet1 dum p] ea quibus delectantur id bonum quod desid]ant se adepturos putant2 s$ m9ime adipiscuntur1 quoniam ad beatitud9em probra non u5iunt4 ,,ii4#add ,oh6 quo? ,i4 ,h[ great ?+s do/ ?\ promise6 ,& ,i d\bt n b ?\ can/ p]=m !m1 :]e=e /ay me n n[ t ?\ ha/ /irr$ up my desires4 ,fir/ !n1 quo? %e1 t good m5 are always p[]ful1 & evil m5 ( no /r5g?1 ?\ maye/ easily "k1 ! "o is prov$ by ! o!r4 ,= s9ce t good & evil are contr>ies1 if x be conv9c$ t goodness is pot5t1 ! weakness ( evil w be also manife/2 & contr>iwise if we disc]n ! frailty ( evil1 we mu/ ne$s ackn[l$ge ! firmness ( goodness4 ,b t our op9ions may be m c]ta9ly embrac$1 ,i w take bo? ways1 confirm+ my propositions1 sometime f "o "p1 sometime f ano!r4 ,!re be two ?+s by :i* all human actions are effect$1 w & p[]1 ( :i* if ei!r be want+1 !re c no?+ be p]=m$4 ,= if !re want w1 no man take? any?+ 9 h& aga9/ 8 w1 & if !re be n p[]1 ! w is 9 va94 ,s t1 if ?\ see/ any will+ to obta9 t :i* he do? n obta91 ?\ can/ n d\bt b t he want$ p[] to obta9 :at he w\ld4 ,x is manife/1 quo? ,i1 & c by no means be d5i$4 ,& wilt ?\ d\bt t he c\ld1 :om ?\ see/ br+ to pass :at he desir$8 ,no4 ,b e man is mighty 9 t :i* he c d1 & weak 9 t :i* he _c d4 ,i confess x1 quo? ,i4 ,do/ ?\ rememb] !n1 quo? %e1 t x 0 inf]r$ by our =m] disc\rses t all ! int5tions ( man's w do? ha/5 to happ9ess1 ?\gh _! c\rses be div]s8 ,i rememb]1 quo? ,i1 t t also 0 prov$4 ,do/ ?\ also call to m9d t bless$ness is goodness itself1 & consequ5tly :5 bless$ness is s\ght aft]1 goodness mu/ ( c\rse be desir$8 ,i call x n to m9d1 = ,i h x already fix$ 9 my memory4 ,:]e=e all m5 bo? good & bad )\t diff]5ce ( int5tions endeav\r to obta9 goodness4 ,x foll[e?1 quo? ,i4 ,b x is c]ta9 t m5 are made good by ! obta9+ ( goodness4 ,x is s4 ,:]e=e good m5 obta9 :at !y desire4 ,s x seeme?4 ,& if evil m5 did obta9 ! goodness !y desire1 !y c\ld n be evil4 ,x is true4 ,:]e=e s9ce !y bo? desire goodness1 b ! "o obta9e? x & ! o!r n1 !re is no d\bt b t good m5 are p[]ful1 & ! evil weak4 ,:osoev] d\bte? ( ?is1 quo? ,i1 he nei!r consid]e? ! nature ( ?+s1 nor ! consequ5ce ( ?y reasons4 ,aga91 quo? %e1 if !re be two to :om ! same ?+ is propos$ accord+ to nature1 & ! "o ( !m br+e? x p]fectly to pass ) 8 natural function1 b ! o!r _c ex]cise t natural function b aft] ano!r mann] ?an is agreeable to nature1 & do? n p]=m t :i* he _h propos$1 b imitate? ! o!r :o p]=me? x3 :i* ( ^! two wilt ?\ judge to be m p[]ful8 ,?\gh ,i conjecture1 quo? ,i1 at ?y mean+1 yet ,i desire to he> x m pla9ly4 ,wilt ?\ d5y1 quo? %e1 t ! motion ( walk+ is agreeable to ! nature ( m58 ,no1 quo? ,i4 ,& make/ ?\ any d\bt t ! function ( x do? naturally belong to ! feet8 ,!re is no d\bt ( ?is nei!r1 quo? ,i4 ,:]e=e if "o t c g ^u 8 feet do? walk1 & ano!r :o ha? n ?is natural function ( 8 feet endeav\re? to walk by creep+ ^u 8 h&s1 :i* ( ^! two is des]v$ly to be e/eem$ ! /rong]8 ,inf] ! re/1 quo? ,i1 = no man d\bte? b t he :i* c use t natural function is /rong] ?an he :i* _c4 ,b1 quo? %e1 ! good seek to obta9 ! *iefe/ good1 :i* is equally propos$ to bad & good1 by ! natural function ( virtues1 b ! evil endeav\r to obta9 ! same by div]s concupisc5ces1 :i* are n ! natural function ( obta9+ goodness4 ,?9ke/ ?\ o!rwise8 ,no1 quo? ,i1 = x is manife/ :at foll[e?4 ,= by ! =ce ( t :i* ,i h already grant$1 x is necess>y t good m5 are p[]ful & evil m5 weak4 ,?\ runne/ be=e rightly1 quo? %e1 & x is 7z physicians are wont to hope7 a tok5 ( an erect$ & resi/+ nature4 ,:]e=e1 s9ce ,i see !e mo/ apt & will+ to compreh5d1 ,i w !re=e heap up _m reasons toge!r4 ,= consid] ! great weakness ( vici\s m51 :o _c come s f> z _! natural int5tion leade? & almo/ compelle? !m4 ,& :at if !y 7 de/itute ( ?is s great & almo/ inv9cible help ( ! direction ( nature8 ,pond] likewise ! imm5se impot5cy ( wick$ m54 ,= !y are no light or trifl+ rew>ds#ade :i* !y desire1 & _c obta93 b !y fail 9 ! v sum & top ( ?+s3 nei!r c ! poor wret*es compass t :i* !y only lab\r = nights & days3 9 :i* ?+ ! =ces ( ! good em95tly appe>4 ,= z ?\ w\ld/ judge him to be mo/ able to walk :o go+ on foot c\ld come z f> z !re 7 any place to g 93 s mu/ ?\ ( =ce judge him mo/ p[]ful :o obta9e? ! end ( all t c be desir$1 beyond :i* !re is no?+4 ,h5ce t :i* is opposite also foll[e?1 t ! same m5 are wick$ & de/itute ( all =ces4 ,= :y d !y foll[ vices1 =sak+ virtues8 ,by ignorance ( t :i* is good8 ,b :at is m devoid ( /r5g? ?an bl9d ignorance8 ,or d !y "k :at !y %\ld embrace1 b passion drive? !m headlong ! contr>y way8 ,s also intemp]ance makes !m frail1 s9ce !y _c /rive aga9/ vice4 ,or d !y witt+ly & will+ly =sake goodness1 & decl9e to vices8 ,b 9 ?is sort !y leave n only to be p[]ful1 b ev5 to be at all4 ,= !y :i* leave ! common end ( all ?+s :i* are1 leave also be+4 ,:i* may p]haps seem /range to "s1 t we %\ld say t evil m5 are n at all1 :o are ! greate/ "p ( m53 b yet x is s4 ,= ,i d5y n t evil m5 are evil1 b )al ,i say t purely & simply !y are n4 ,= z ?\ maye/ call a c>case a dead man1 b n simply a man1 s ,i confess t ! vici\s are evil1 b ,i _c grant t !y are absolutely4 ,= t is :i* reta9e? ord]1 & keepe? nature1 b t :i* faile? f ?is leave? also to be t :i* is 9 8 own nature4 ,b ?\ wilt say t evil m5 c d _m ?+s1 nei!r w ,i d5y x1 b ?is _! p[] proce$e? n f =ces b f weakness4 ,= !y c d evil1 :i* !y c\ld n d if !y c\ld h rema9$ 9 ! p]=mance ( t :i* is good4 ,:i* possibility decl>e? m evid5tly t !y c d no?+4 ,= if1 z we conclud$ a little be=e1 evil is no?+1 s9ce !y c only d evil1 x is manife/ t ! wick$ c d no?+4 ,x is mo/ manife/4 ,& t ?\ maye/ und]/& :at ! =ce ( ?is p[] is2 we det]m9$ a little be=e t !re is no?+ m p[]ful ?an ! ,sov]eign ,goodness4 ,x is true1 quo? ,i4 ,b ,he _c d evil4 ,no4 ,is !re any !n1 quo? %e1 t ?9k t m5 c d all ?+s8 ,no man1 except he be mad1 ?9ke? s4 ,b yet m5 c d evil4 ,i w\ld to ,god !y c\ld n1 quo? ,i4 ,s9ce !re=e he t c only d good1 c d all ?+s1 & !y :o c d evil1 _c d all ?+s1 x is manife/ t !y :i* c d evil are less pot5t4 ,moreov]1 we h prov$ t all p[] is to be acc\nt$ among ^? ?+s :i* are to be wi%$ =1 & t all su* ?+s h ref]5ce to goodness1 z to ! v height ( _! nature4 ,b ! possibility ( committ+ wick$ness _c h ref]5ce to goodness4 ,:]e=e x is n to be wi%$ =4 ,yet all p[] is to be wi%$ =2 & consequ5tly x is manife/1 possibility ( evil is no p[]4 ,by all :i* ! p[] ( ! good & ! und\bt$ infirmity ( evil appe>e?4 ,& x is manife/ t ! s5t5ce ( ,plato is true3 t only wise m5 c d t :i* !y desire1 & t ! wick$ m5 practise inde$ :at !y li/1 b _c p]=m :at !y w\ld4 ,= !y d :at !y li/1 ?9k+ to obta9 ! good :i* !y desire by ^? ?+s :i* cause !m delight2 b !y obta9 x n1 because %ameful action _c arrive to happ9ess4#adf #add ,! :ole ( ?is & ( ! foll[+ *apt] is a p>aphrase ( ,plato's ,gorgias4 #ade ,cf4 ,virgil1 ,a54 xii4 #gfd4 #adf ,cf4 ,plato1 ,gorgias1 #dfh1 #dfi2 ,alcibiades ,i4 #acd c4 ,,ii4 ,quos uides s$]e celsos solii culm9e reges ,purpura cl>os nit5te saeptos tri/ibus armis ,ore toruo comm9antes rabie cordis anhelos1 ,detrahat si quis sup]bis uani tegm9a cultus1 ,iam uidebit intus artas dom9os f]re cat5as4 #e ,h9c enim libido u]sat auidis corda u55is1 ,h9c flagellat ira m5tem fluctus turbida toll5s ,ma]or aut captos fatigat aut spes lubrica torquet ,ergo cum caput tot unum c]nas f]re tyrannos1 ,non facit quod optat ipse dom9is pressus iniquis4 #aj ,,ii4 ,! k+s :om we behold ,9 highe/ glory plac$1 ,& ) ri* purple grac$1 ,compass$ ) soldi]s bold2 ,^: c\nt5ance %[s fi]ce ?reats1 ,:o ) ra% fury *ide1 ,if any /rip ! pride ,f _! va+lori\s feats2 ,he'll see !m close oppress$ ,)9 by gall+ *a9s ,= fil?y lu/ !re reigns ,& poisone? _! brea/1 ,wra? (t5 !m p]plexe? ,rais+ _! m9ds l waves1 ,sorr[ _! p[] enslaves ,& slid+ hope !m vexe?4 ,s _m tyrants /ill ,dwell+ 9 "o poor he>t1 ,except !y fir/ dep>t ,%e _c h h] w4 ,,iii4 ,videsne igitur quanto 9 ca5o probra uoluantur1 qua probitas luce respl5deat8 ,9 quo p]spicuum e/ numquam bonis praemia numquam sua scel]ibus deesse supplicia4 ,r]um et5im quae g]untur illud propt] quod unaquaeque res g]itur1 eiusdem rei praemium esse non iniuria uid]i pote/1 uti curr5di 9 /adio propt] quam curritur iacet praemium corona4 ,s$ beatitud9em esse idem ipsum bonum propt] quod omnia g]untur o/5dimus4 ,e/ igitur humanis actibus ipsum bonum ueluti praemium commune propositum4 ,atqui hoc a bonis non pote/ sep>>i neque enim bonus ultra iure uocabitur qui c>eat bono2 qu>e probos mores sua praemia non rel9quunt4 ,quantumlibet igitur saeuiant mali1 sapi5ti tam5 corona non decidet1 non arescet4 ,neque enim probis animis proprium decus ali5a dec]pit improbitas4 ,quod si extr9secus accepto laet>etur1 pot]at hoc uel alius quispiam uel ipse etiam qui contulisset auf]re2 s$ quoniam id sua cuique probitas conf]t1 tum suo praemio c>ebit1 cum probus esse desi]it4 ,po/remo cum omne praemium idcirco appetatur quoniam bonum esse cr$itur1 quis boni compotem praemii iudicet exp]tem8 ,at cuius praemii8 ,omnium pul*]rimi maximique4 ,mem5to et5im coroll>ii illius quod paulo ante praecipuum d$i ac sic collige3 cum ipsum bonum beatitudo sit1 bonos omnes eo ipso quod boni s9t fi]i beatos liquet4 ,s$ qui beati s9t deos esse conu5it4 ,e/ igitur praemium bonorum quod nullus4 det]at dies1 nullius m9uat pote/as1 nullius fuscet improbitas1 deos fi]i4 ,quae cum ita s9t1 de malorum quoque insep>abili po5a dubit>e sapi5s nequeat4 ,nam cum bonum malumque item po5ae atque praemium adu]sa fronte dissideant1 quae 9 boni praemio uidemus acc$]e eadem necesse e/ 9 mali po5a contr>ia p>te respondeant4 ,sicut igitur probis probitas ipsa fit praemium1 ita improbis nequitia ipsa supplicium e/4 ,iam u]o quisquis afficitur po5a1 malo se affectum esse non dubitat4 ,si igitur sese ipsi ae/im>e uel9t1 possuntne sibi supplicii exp]tes uid]i quos omnium malorum extrema nequitia non affecit modo u]um etiam uehem5t] infecit8 ,vide autem ex adu]sa p>te bonorum1 quae improbos po5a comitetur4 ,omne namque quod sit unum esse ipsumque unum bonum esse paulo ante didici/i1 cui consequ5s e/ ut omne quod sit id etiam bonum esse uideatur4 ,hoc igitur modo quidquid a bono deficit esse desi/it2 quo fit ut mali des9ant esse quod fu]ant1 s$ fuisse hom9es adhuc ipsa humani corporis reliqua species o/5tat4 ,qu>e u]si 9 malitiam humanam quoque amis]e naturam4 ,s$ cum ultra hom9es quemque pr\eh]e sola probitas possit1 necesse e/ ut quos ab humana condicione deiecit1 infra hom9is m]itum detrudat improbitas4 ,eu5it igitur1 ut quem trans=matum uitiis uideas hom9em ae/im>e non possis4 ,au>itia f]uet ali5>um opum uiol5tus ereptor8 ,lupi similem dix]is4 ,f]ox atque inquies l+uam litigiis ex]cet8 ,cani comp>abis4 ,insidiator occultus subripuisse fraudibus gaudet8 ,vulpeculis exaequetur4 ,irae intemp]ans fremit8 ,leonis animum ge/>e cr$atur4 ,pauidus ac fugax non metu5da =midat8 ,c]uis similis habeatur4 ,segnis ac /upidus torpit8 ,as9um uiuit4 ,leuis atque incon/ans /udia p]mutat8 ,nihil auibus diff]t4 ,fo$is inmundisque libid9ibus imm]gitur8 ,sordidae suis uoluptate det9etur4 ,ita fit ut qui probitate des]ta homo esse desi]it1 cum 9 diu9am condicionem transire non possit1 u]tatur 9 beluam4 ,,iii4 ,see/ ?\ !n 9 :at mire wick$ness wall[s1 & h[ cle>ly hone/y %9e?8 ,by :i* x is manife/ t ! good are nev] )\t rew>ds1 nor ! evil )\t puni%m5ts4 ,= 9 all ?+s t are done t = :i* any?+ is done may des]v$ly seem ! rew>d ( t action1 z to him t runne? a race1 ! cr[n = :i* he runne? is propos$ z a rew>d4 ,b we h %[$ t bless$ness is ! selfsame goodness = :i* all ?+s are done4 ,:]e=e ?is goodness is propos$ z a common rew>d = all human actions1 & ?is _c be sep>at$ f ^? :o are good4 ,= he %all n rightly be any long] call$ good1 :o wante? goodness2 :]e=e virtu\s mann]s are n left )\t _! due rew>ds4 ,& h[ mu* s ev] ! evil d rage1 yet ! wise man's cr[n w n fade nor )]4 ,= o!rs' wick$ness deprive? n virtu\s m9ds ( _! prop] glory4 ,b if he %\ld rejoice at any?+ :i* he ha? f o!rs1 ei!r he :o gave x1 or any o!r might take x away4 ,b because e man's virtue is ! cause ( x1 !n only he %all want 8 rew>d :5 he leave? to be virtu\s4 ,la/ly1 s9ce e rew>d is !re=e desir$ because x is ?\ght to be good1 :o c judge him to be devoid ( rew>d1 :i* ha? goodness = 8 possession8 ,b :at rew>d ha? he8 ,! mo/ beautiful & ! greate/ t c be4 ,= rememb] t coroll>ium #adg :i* ,i pres5t$ !e ) a little be=e1 z ) a r>e & preci\s jewel1 & inf] ?us3 ,s9ce t goodness itself is happ9ess1 x is manife/ t all good m5 ev5 by be+ good are made happy4 ,b we agre$ t happy m5 are gods4 ,:]e=e ! rew>d ( good m51 :i* no "t c wa/e1 no man's p[] dim9i%1 no man's wick$ness obscure1 is to become gods4 ,:i* ?+s be+ s1 no wise man c any way d\bt ( ! insep>able puni%m5t ( ! evil4 ,= s9ce goodness & evil1 puni%m5t & rew>d1 are opposite ! "o to ! o!r1 ^? ?+s :i* we see fall out 9 ! rew>d ( goodness mu/ ne$s be answ]able 9 a contr>y mann] 9 ! puni%m5t ( evil4 ,:]e=e z to hone/ m5 hone/y itself is a rew>d1 s to ! wick$ _! v wick$ness is a puni%m5t4 ,& he t is puni%$ d\bte? n b t he is afflict$ ) ! evil4 ,:]e=e if !y w\ld truly consid] _! own e/ate1 c !y ?9k !mselves free f puni%m5t1 :om wick$ness1 ! wor/ ( all evils1 do? n only t\* b /rongly infect8 ,b weigh ! puni%m5t :i* accompanie? ! wick$1 by comp>+ x to ! rew>d ( ! virtu\s4 ,= ?\ le>n$/ n long be=e t :atsoev] is at all is "o1 & t unity is goodness1 by :i* x foll[e? t :atsoev] is mu/ also be good4 ,& 9 ?is mann]1 :atsoev] falle? f goodness cease? to be1 by :i* x foll[e? t evil m5 leave to be t :i* !y 71 b ! %ape ( m51 :i* !y /ill reta91 %[e? !m to h be5 m53 :]e=e by embrac+ wick$ness !y h lo/ ! nature ( m54 ,b s9ce virtue alone c exalt u above m51 wick$ness mu/ ne$s ca/ ^? "u ! des]t ( m51 :i* x ha? b]eav$ ( t condition4 ,:]e=e ?\ can/ n acc\nt him a man :om ?\ see/ trans=m$ by vices4 ,is ! viol5t extort] ( o!r m5's goods c>ri$ away ) 8 covet\s desire8 ,?\ maye/ lik5 him to a wolf4 ,is ! angry & unquiet man always cont5d+ & brawl+8 ,?\ maye/ comp>e him to a dog4 ,do? ! trea*]\s fell[ rejoice t he ha? deceiv$ o!rs ) 8 hidd5 frauds8 ,let him be acc\nt$ no bett] ?an a fox4 ,do? ! outrage\s fret & fume8 ,let him be ?\ght to h a lion's m9d4 ,is ! fe>ful & timor\s afraid )\t cause8 ,let him be e/eem$ l to h>es & de]4 ,is ! sl[ & /upid always idle8 ,he live? an ass's life4 ,do? ! light & uncon/ant *ange 8 c\rses8 ,he is no?+ diff]5t f ! birds4 ,is he dr[n$ 9 fil?y & unclean lu/s8 ,he is entangl$ 9 ! pleasure ( a /9k+ s[4 ,s t he :o1 leav+ virtue1 cease? to be a man1 s9ce he _c be p>tak] ( ! div9e condition1 is turn$ into a bea/4 #adg ,vide supra1 p4 #bgj4 ,,iii4 ,vela ,n]itii ducis ,et uagas pelago rates ,eurus appulit insulae1 ,pul*ra qua resid5s dea ,solis edita sem9e #e ,miscet hospitibus n\is ,tacta c>m9e pocula4 ,quos ut 9 u>ios modos ,v]tit h]bipot5s manus1 ,hunc apri facies tegit1 #aj ,ille ,m>m>icus leo ,d5te crescit et unguibus4 ,hic lupis nup] additus1 ,fl]e dum p>at1 ululat4 ,ille tigris ut ,indica #ae ,tecta mitis obambulat4 ,s$ licet u>iis malis ,num5 ,arcadis alitis ,obsitum mis]ans ducem ,pe/e solu]it hospitis1 #bj ,iam tam5 mala remiges ,ore pocula trax]ant1 ,iam sues ,c]ealia ,gl&e pabula u]t]ant ,et nihil manet integrum #be ,voce corpore p]ditis4 ,sola m5s /abilis sup] ,mon/ra quae patitur gemit4 ,o leuem nimium manum ,nec pot5tia gram9a1 #cj ,membra quae ualeant licet1 ,corda u]t]e non ual5t6 ,intus e/ hom9um uigor ,arce conditus abdita4 ,haec u55a pot5tius #ce ,detrahunt hom9em sibi ,dira quae p5itus meant ,nec noc5tia corpori ,m5tis uuln]e saeuiunt4 ,,iii4 ,! sails :i* wise ,ulysses bore1 ,& %ips :i* 9 ! seas long "t did /ray ,! ea/]n w9d drave to t %ore ,:]e ! fair ,goddess ,lady ,circe lay1 ,daught] by bir? to ,phoebus bright1 ,:o ) en*ant$ cups & *>ms did /ay ,h] gue/s1 deceiv$ ) _! delight ,& into sundry figures !m did *ange1 ,be+ mo/ skilful 9 ! might ,& secret =ce ( h]bs & simples /range2 ,"s l to savage bo>s1 & "s ,l lions fi]ce1 :i* daily use to range ,?r\gh ,libya1#adh 9 too? & claw become4 ,o!rs are *ang$ to ! %ape & guise ,( rav5\s wolves1 & wax+ dumb ,use h[l+ 9 ! /ead ( manly cries4 ,o!rs l to ! tig] rove#adi ,:i* 9 ! scor*$ ,indian des]t lies4 ,& ?\gh ! w+$ son ( ,jove#aej ,f ^! bewit*d cups' delightful ta/e ,to keep ! fam\s capta9 /rove1 ,yet !m ! gre$y m>9]s embrac$ ,) mu* desire1 till turn$ to sw9e ,in/ead ( bread !y f$ on oak5 ma/4 ,ru9$ 9 voice & =m1 no sign ,rema9s to !m ( any human grace2 ,only _! m9ds un*ang$ rep9e ,to see _! bodies 9 su* ugly case4 ,o feeble h& & idle art ,:i*1 ?\gh x c\ld ! outw>d limbs deface1 ,yet _h no =ce to *ange ! he>t4 ,= all ! =ce ( m5 giv5 by ,god's arm ,lies hidd5 9 _! inmo/ "p4 ,! poisons !re=e :i* )9 !m sw>m ,m deeply pi]ce1 & ) m might1 ,= to ! body ?\gh !y d no h>m1 ,yet on ! s\l !y "w _! spite4 #adh ,lit]ally ,m>m>ic1 i4e4 prop]ly1 ! region betwe5 ,egypt & ! great ,syrtis2 g5]ally1 ,african1 cf4 ,lucan iii4 #bic4 #adi ,lit]ally1 rove tame r\nd ! h\se4 #aej i4e4 ,m]cury :o 0 born 9 ,arcadia2 cf4 ,virg4 ,a54 viii4 #abi-ach4 ,,iv4 ,tum ego3 ,fateor1 inquam1 nec iniuria dici uideo uitiosos1 tametsi humani corporis speciem s]u5t1 9 beluas tam5 animorum qualitate mut>i2 s$ quorum atrox scel]ataque m5s bonorum p]nicie saeuit1 id ipsum eis lic]e noluissem4 ,nec licet1 inquit1 uti conu5i5ti mon/rabitur loco4 ,s$ tam5 si id ipsum quod eis lic]e cr$itur auf]atur1 magna ex p>te scel]atorum hom9um po5a releuetur4 ,et5im quod incr$ibile cuiquam =te uideatur1 infeliciores esse necesse e/ malos1 cum cupita p]fec]9t1 quam si ea quae cupiunt impl]e non poss9t4 ,nam si mis]um e/ uoluisse praua1 potuisse mis]ius e/1 s9e quo uoluntatis mis]ae langu]et effectus4 ,itaque cum sua s+ulis mis]ia sit1 triplici in=tunio necesse e/ urgeantur quos uideas scelus uelle1 posse1 p]fic]e4 ,acc$o1 inquam1 s$ uti hoc in=tunio cito c>eant patr&i scel]is possibilitate des]ti uehem5t] exopto4 ,c>ebunt1 inquit1 ocius quam uel tu =sitan uelis uel illi sese ae/im5t esse c>ituros4 ,neque enim e/ aliquid 9 tam breuibus uitae metis ita s]um quod exspect>e longum immortalis praes]tim animus putet3 quorum magna spes et excelsa fac9orum ma*9a rep5t9o atque insp]ato saepe f9e de/ruitur1 quod quidem illis mis]iae modum /atuit4 ,nam si nequitia mis]os facit1 mis]ior sit necesse e/ diuturnior nequam2 quos infelicissimos esse iudic>em1 si non eorum malitiam saltem mors extrema f9iret4 ,et5im si de prauitatis in=tunio u]a conclusimus1 inf9itam liquet esse mis]iam quam esse con/at aet]nam4 ,tum ego3 ,mira quidem1 inquam1 et concessu difficilis inlatio1 s$ 8 eam quae prius concessa sunt nimium conu5ire cognosco4 ,recte1 inquit1 ae/imas4 ,s$ qui conclusioni acc$]e durum putat1 aequum e/ uel falsum aliquid praecessisse demon/ret uel collocationem propositionum non esse efficacem necess>iae conclusionis o/5dat2 alioqu9 concessis praec$5tibus nihil prorsus e/ quod de inlatione causetur4 ,nam hoc quoque quod dicam non m9us mirum uideatur1 s$ ex 8 quae sumpta sunt aeque e/ necess>ium4 ,quidnam8 inquam4 ,feliciores1 inquit1 esse improbos supplicia lu5tes quam si eos nulla iu/itiae po5a co]ceat4 ,neque id nunc molior quod cuiuis u5iat 9 m5tem1 corrigi ultione prauos mores et ad rectum supplicii t]rore d$uci1 cet]is quoque exemplum esse culp&a fugi5di1 s$ alio quodam modo infeliciores esse improbos arbitror impunitos1 tametsi nulla ratio correctionis1 nullus respectus habeatur exempli4 ,et quis erit1 inquam1 praet] hos alius modus8 ,et illa3 ,bonos1 inquit1 esse felices1 malos u]o mis]os nonne concessimus8 ,ita e/1 inquam4 ,si igitur1 inquit1 mis]iae cuiuspiam bonum aliquid addatur1 nonne felicior e/ eo cuius pura ac solit>ia s9e cuiusquam boni admixtione mis]ia e/8 ,sic1 inquam1 uidetur4 ,quid si eidem mis]o qui cunctis c>eat bonis1 praet] ea quibus mis] e/ malum aliud fu]it adnexum1 nonne multo infelicior eo c5s5dus e/ cuius in=tunium boni p>ticipatione releuatur8 ,quidni8 inquam4 ,s$ puniri improbos iu/um1 impunitos u]o elabi iniquum esse manife/um e/4 ,quis id neget8 ,s$ ne illud quidem1 ait1 quisquam negabit bonum esse omne quod iu/um e/ contraque quod iniu/um e/ malum4 ,liqu]e1 respondi4#aea ,hab5t igitur improbi1 cum puniuntur1 quidem boni aliquid adnexum po5am ipsam scilicet quae ratione iu/itiae bona e/1 idemque cum supplicio c>5t1 ine/ eis aliquid ult]ius mali ipsa impunitas quam iniquitatis m]ito malum esse confessus es4 ,neg>e non possum4 ,multo igitur infeliciores improbi sunt iniu/a impunitate donati quam iu/a ultione puniti4 ,tum ego3 ,i/a quidem consequ5tia sunt eis quae paulo ante conclusa sunt4 ,s$ quaeso1 inquam1 te1 nullane anim>um supplicia po/ defunctum morte corpus rel9quis8 ,et magna quidem1 inquit1 quorum alia po5ali ac]bitate1 alia u]o purgatoria clem5tia ex]c]i puto4 ,s$ nunc de 8 diss]]e consilium non e/4 ,id u]o hact5us egimus1 ut quae indignissima tibi uidebatur malorum pote/as eam nullam esse cognosc]es quosque impunitos qu]eb>e1 uid]es numquam improbitatis suae c>]e suppliciis1 lic5tiam quam cito f9iri precab>is nec longam esse disc]es infelicioremque =e1 si diuturnior1 infelicissimam u]o1 si esset aet]na2 po/ haec mis]iores esse improbos iniu/a impunitate dimissos quam iu/a ultione punitos4 ,cui s5t5tiae consequ5s e/ ut tum demum grauioribus suppliciis urgeantur1 cum impuniti esse cr$untur4 ,tum ego3 ,cum tuas1 inquam1 rationes consid]o1 nihil dici u]ius puto4 ,at si ad hom9um iudicia reu]t>1 quis ille e/ cui haec non cr$5da modo s$ saltem audi5da uideantur8 ,ita e/1 inquit illa4 ,nequeunt enim oculos t5ebris assuetos ad lucem p]spicuae u]itatis attoll]e1 similesque auibus sunt qu>um intuitum nox inlum9at dies caecat4 ,dum enim non r]um ord9em1 s$ suos intu5tur affectus1 uel lic5tiam uel impunitatem scel]um putant esse felicem4 ,vide autem quid aet]na lex sanciat4 ,melioribus animum con=mau]is1 nihil opus e/ iudice praemium def]5te tu te ipse excell5tioribus addidi/i4 ,/udium ad peiora deflex]is1 extra ne quaesi]is ultorem4 ,tu te ipse 9 det]iora trusi/i1 ueluti si uicibus sordidam humum caelumque respicias1 cunctis extra cessantibus ipsa c]n5di ratione nunc ca5o nunc sid]ibus int]esse uide>is4 ,at uulgus i/a non respicit4 ,quid igitur8 ,hisne acc$amus quos beluis similes esse mon/rauimus8 ,quid si quis amisso p5itus uisu ipsum etiam se habuisse obliuisc]etur intuitum nihilque sibi ad humanam p]fectionem deesse arbitr>etur1 num uid5tes eadem caecos put>emus8 ,nam ne illud quidem adquiesc5t quod aeque ualidis rationum nititur firmam5tis3 infeliciores eos esse qui faciant quam qui patiantur iniuriam4 ,vellem1 inquam1 has ipsas audire rationes4 ,omnem1 inquit1 improbum num supplicio dignum negas8 ,m9ime4 ,infelices u]o esse qui s9t improbi multiplicit] liquet4 ,ita1 inquam4 ,qui igitur supplicio digni sunt mis]os esse non dubitas8 ,conu5it1 inquam4 ,si igitur cognitor1 ait1 resid]es1 cui supplicium inf]5dum put>es1 e9e qui fecisset an qui p]tulisset iniuriam8 ,nec ambigo1 inquam1 qu9 p]pesso satisfac]em dolore faci5tis4 ,mis]ior igitur tibi iniuriae inlator quam acceptor esse uid]etur4 ,consequitur1 inquam4 ,h9c igitur aliis de causis ea radice nit5tibus1 quod turpitudo suapte natura mis]os faciat1 app>et inlatam cuilibet iniuriam non accipi5tis s$ inf]5tis esse mis]iam4 ,atqui nunc1 ait1 contra faciunt oratores4 ,pro 8 enim qui graue quid ac]bumque p]pessi sunt mis]ationem iudicum excit>e conantur1 cum magis admitt5tibus iu/ior mis]atio debeatur2 quos non ab iratis s$ a propitiis potius mis]antibusque accusatoribus ad iudicium ueluti aegros ad m$icum duci oportebat1 ut culpae morbos supplicio resec>5t4 ,quo pacto def5sorum op]a uel tota frig]et1 uel si prodesse hom9ibus mallet1 9 accusationis habitum u]t]etur1 ,ipsi quoque improbi1 si eis aliqua rimula uirtutem relictam fas esset aspic]e uitiorumque sordes po5>um cruciatibus se deposituros uid]5t comp5satione adipisc5dae probitatis1 nec hos cruciatus esse duc]5t def5sorumque op]am repudi>5t ac se totos accusatoribus iudicibusque p]mitt]5t4 ,quo fit ut apud sapi5tes nullus prorsus odio locus rel9quatur4 ,nam bonos quis nisi /ultissimus od]it8 ,malos u]o odisse ratione c>et4 ,nam si1 uti corporum languor1 ita uitiositas quidam e/ quasi morbus animorum1 cum aegros corpore m9ime dignos odio s$ potius mis]atione iudicemus1 multo magis non insequ5di s$ mis]&i sunt quorum m5tes omni languore atrocior urget improbitas4 #aea ,s$ puniri 444 respondi quae infra 79 pag4 #cbh l4 #gc7 po/ ultioni puniti 9 codicibus hab5tur huc transpon5da esse c5suit ,p4 ,lang5us1 demon/rauit ,a4 ,engelbre*t4 ,,iv4 ,!n said ,i1 ,i confess & p]ceive t ?\ affirme/ n )\t cause t ! vici\s1 ?\gh !y keep ! outw>d %ape ( m51 are 9 _! inw>d /ate ( m9d *ang$ into brute bea/s4 ,b ,i w\ld h _h !m ^: cruel & wick$ he>t rage? to ! h>m ( ! good1 re/ra9$ f execut+ _! malice4 ,!y are re/ra9$1 quo? %e1 z %all be prov$ 9 conv5i5t place4 ,b yet if ?is lib]ty :i* !y seem to h be tak5 away1 _! puni%m5t also is 9 great "p releas$4 ,= 7:i* p]haps to "s may seem incr$ible7 evil m5 mu/ necess>ily be m unhappy :5 !y h br\ght to pass _! purposes ?an if !y c\ld n obta9 :at !y desire4 ,= if x be a mis]able ?+ to desire t :i* is evil1 x is m mis]able to be able to p]=m x1 )\t :i* ! mis]able w c\ld n h any effect4 ,:]e=e s9ce ev]yone ( ^! ha? _! peculi> mis]y1 !y mu/ ( =ce be oppress$ ) a ?reefold wret*$ness1 :om ?\ see/ desire1 be able1 & p]=m wick$ness4 ,i grant x1 quo? ,i1 b e>ne/ly wi% t !y may soon be deliv]$ f ?is mis]y1 hav+ lo/ ! p[] to p]=m _! malice4 ,!y w lose x1 quo? %e1 soon] ?an p]haps ei!r ?\ w\ld/1 or !y !mselves suppose4 ,= 9 ! %ort compass ( ?is life !re is no?+ s late t any "o1 lea/ ( all an immortal s\l1 %\ld ?9k x long 9 com+2 s t ! great hope & highe/ attempts ( ! wick$ are _m times made fru/rate ) a sudd5 & unexpect$ end1 :i* 9 tru? sette? "s end to _! mis]y4 ,= if wick$ness make m5 mis]able1 ! long] "o is wick$1 ! m mis]able he mu/ ne$s be2 & ,i %\ld judge !m ! mo/ unhappy m5 t may be1 if dea? at lea/ did n end _! malice4 ,= if we h conclud$ truly ( ! mis]y ( wick$ness1 x is manife/ t ! wret*$ness :i* is ev]la/+ mu/ ( =ce be inf9ite4 ,a /range illation1 quo? ,i1 & h>d to be grant$2 b ,i see t ^? ?+s :i* 7 grant$ be=e agree v well ) ^!4 ,?\ ?9ke/ aright1 quo? %e1 b he t f9de? difficulty to yield to ! conclusion mu/ ei!r %[ t some?+ :i* is presuppos$ is false1 or t ! comb9ation ( ! propositions makes n a necess>y conclusion2 o!rwise1 grant+ t :i* w5t be=e1 he ha? no reason to d\bt ( ! inf]5ce4 ,= ?is also :i* ,i w conclude n[ w seem no less /range1 & yet foll[e? z necess>ily out ( ^? ?+s :i* are already assum$4 ,:at8 quo? ,i4 ,t wick$ m51 quo? %e1 are m happy be+ puni%$ ?an if !y escap$ ! h&s ( ju/ice4 ,nei!r d ,i n[ g ab\t to %[ t :i* may come into e man's m9d1 t evil cu/oms are correct$ by *a/isem5t1 & are r$uc$ to virtue by ! t]ror ( puni%m5t1 & t o!rs may take example to avoid evil1 b 9 ano!r mann] also ,i ?9k vici\s m5 t g unpuni%$ to be m mis]able1 al?\gh we take no acc\nt ( correction & pay no reg>d to example4 ,& :at o!r mann] %all ?is be1 quo? ,i1 besides ^!8 ,h we n grant$1 quo? %e1 t ! good are happy1 & ! evil mis]able8 ,we h1 quo? ,i4 ,if !n1 quo? %e1 some?+ t is good be add$ to "o's mis]y1 is he n happi] ?an ano!r ^: mis]y is desolate & solit>y1 )\t any p>ticipation ( goodness8 ,s x seeme?1 quo? ,i4 ,:at if !re be "s o!r evil annex$ to ?is mis]able man :o is depriv$ ( all goodness1 besides ^? :i* make him mis]able1 is he n to be acc\nt$ mu* m unhappy ?an he ^: mis]y is light5$ by p>tak+ ( goodness8 ,:y n8 quo? ,i4 ,b x is manife/ t x is j t ! wick$ be puni%$1 & unju/ t !y %\ld g unpuni%$4 ,:o c d5y t8 ,b nei!r w any man d5y ?is1 quo? %e1 t :atsoev] is j1 is good1 & contr>iwise1 t :atsoev] is unju/1 is evil4 ,c]ta9ly1 ,i answ]$4 ,!n ! wick$ h "s good annex$ :5 !y are puni%$1 to wit1 ! puni%m5t itself1 :i* by reason ( ju/ice is good1 & :5 !y are n puni%$1 !y h a fur!r evil1 ! v impunity :i* ?\ ha/ des]v$ly grant$ to be an evil because ( its inju/ice4 ,i _c d5y x4 ,:]e=e ! vici\s are f> m unhappy by escap+ puni%m5t unju/ly1 ?an by be+ ju/ly puni%$4 ,?is foll[e?1 quo? ,i1 out ( t :i* ha? be5 conclud$ be=e4 ,b ,i pray !e1 leave/ ?\ no puni%m5ts = ! s\ls aft] ! dea? ( ! body8 ,& ^? great too1 quo? %e4 ,"s ( :i* ,i ?9k to be execut$ z %>p puni%m5ts1 & o!rs z m]ciful purgations4#aeb ,b ,i purpose n n[ to treat ( ^?4 ,b we h hi!rto lab\r$ t ?\ %\lde/ p]ceive ! p[] ( ! wick$1 :i* to !e seem$ intol]able1 to be none at all1 & t ?\ %\lde/ see1 t ^? :om ?\ compla9$/ w5t unpuni%$1 d nev] escape )\t puni%m5t = _! wick$ness4 ,& t ?\ %\lde/ le>n t ! lic5ce :i* ?\ wi%$/ might soon end1 is n long1 & yet ! long] ! m mis]able1 & mo/ unhappy if x 7 ev]la/+4 ,besides1 t ! wick$ are m wret*$ be+ p]mitt$ to escape ) unju/ impunity1 ?an be+ puni%$ ) j sev]ity4 ,out ( :i* x foll[e? t !y are !n m griev\sly puni%$1 :5 !y are ?\ght to g scot-free4 ,:5 ,i consid] ?y reasons1 quo? ,i1 ,i ?9k no?+ c be said m truly4 ,b if ,i return to ! judgm5ts ( m51 :o is !re t w ?9k !m wor?y to be believ$ or s mu* z he>d8 ,x is true1 quo? %e1 = !y _c lift up _! eyes accu/om$ to d>kness1 to behold ! light ( manife/ tru?1 & !y are l ^? birds ^: sight is quick5$ by ! night1 & dimm$ by ! day4 ,= :ile !y look ^u1 n ! ord] ( ?+s1 b _! own affections1 !y ?9k t lic5ce & impunity to s9 is happy4 ,b see :at ! et]nal law e/abli%e?4 ,if ?\ apply ?y m9d to ! bett]1 ?\ ne$e/ no judge to rew>d !e3 ?\ ha/ jo9$ ?yself to ! m excell5t ?+s4 ,if ?\ decl9e/ to t :i* is worse1 nev] expect any o!r to puni% !e3 ?\ ha/ put ?yself 9 a mis]able e/ate2 z if by turns ?\ looke/ d[n to ! miry gr\nd1 & up to heav51 sett+ aside all outw>d causes1 by ! v law ( sight ?\ seeme/ sometime to be 9 ! dirt1 & sometime pres5t to ! />s4 ,b ! common sort consid]e? n ^! ?+s4 ,:at !n8 ,%all we jo9 ourselves to !m :om we h prov$ to be l bea/s8 ,:at if "o hav+ altoge!r lo/ 8 sight %\ld likewise =get t he ev] _h any1 & %\ld ?9k t he want$ no?+ :i* belonge? to human p]fection3 %\ld we likewise ?9k !m bl9d1 t see z well z !y saw be=e8 ,= !y w n grant t nei!r1 :i* may be prov$ by z =cible reasons1 t !y are m unhappy t d injury ?an !y :i* suff] x4 ,i w\ld1 quo? ,i1 he> ^! reasons4 ,d5ie/ ?\1 quo? %e1 t e wick$ man des]ve? puni%m5t8 ,no4 ,& x is _m ways cle> t ! vici\s are mis]able8 ,yes1 quo? ,i4 ,!n y d n d\bt t ^? :o des]ve puni%m5t are wret*$8 ,x is true1 quo? ,i4 ,if !n1 quo? %e1 ?\ w]t to exam9e ?is cause1 :om w\lde/ ?\ appo9t to be puni%$1 him t did or t suff]$ wrong8 ,i d\bt n1 quo? ,i1 b t ,i w\ld satisfy him t suff]$ ) ! sorr[ ( him t did x4 ,! (f]] ( ! injury !n w\ld seem to !e m mis]able ?an ! receiv]8 ,x foll[e?1 quo? ,i4 ,h5ce !re=e1 & = o!r causes gr\nd$ ^u t pr9ciple t di%one/y ( itself make? m5 mis]able1 x appe>e? t ! injury :i* is (f]$ any man is n ! receiv]'s b ! do]'s mis]y4 ,b n[-a-days1 quo? %e1 orators take ! contr>y c\rse4 ,= !y endeav\r to draw ! judges to commis]ation ( !m :o h suff]$ any griev\s afflictions2 :]eas pity is m ju/ly due to ! caus]s !re(1 :o %\ld be br\ght1 n by angry1 b r by fav\rable & compassionate accus]s to judgm5t1 z x 7 sick m5 to a physician1 t _! diseases & faults might be tak5 away by puni%m5ts2 by :i* means ! def5d]s' lab\r w\ld ei!r :olly cease1 or if !y _h r d _! cli5ts "s good1 !y w\ld *ange _! def5ce into accusations4 ,& ! wick$ !mselves1 if !y c\ld behold virtue ab&on$ by !m1 ?r\gh "s little rift1 & p]ceive t !y might be deliv]$ f ! fil? ( s9 by ! affliction ( puni%m5ts1 obta9+ virtue 9 ex*ange1 !y w\ld n e/eem ( torm5ts1 & w\ld refuse ! assi/ance ( _! def5d]s1 & :olly resign !mselves to _! accus]s & judges4 ,by :i* means x come? to pass1 t 9 wise m5 !re is no place = hatr$4 ,= :o b a v fool w\ld hate ! good8 ,& to hate ! wick$ 7 aga9/ reason4 ,= z fa9tness is a disease ( ! body1 s is vice a sickness ( ! m9d4 ,:]e=e1 s9ce we judge ^? t h corporal infirmities to be r wor?y ( compassion ?an ( hatr$1 mu* m are !y to be piti$1 & n abhorr$1 ^: m9ds are oppress$ ) wick$ness1 ! greate/ malady t may be4 #aeb ,see discussion ( ?is passage 9 ,boe?ius1 ,an ,essay1 ,h4 ,f4 ,/ew>t 7#ahia71 pp4 #ih ff4 ,,iv4 ,quod tantos iuuat excit>e motus ,et propria fatum sollicit>e manu8 ,si mortem petitis1 prop9quat ipsa ,sponte sua uolucres nec remoratur equos4 ,quos s]p5s leo tigris ursus ap] #e ,d5te petunt1 idem se tam5 ense petunt4 ,an di/ant quia dissid5tque mores1 ,iniu/as acies et f]a bella m\5t ,alt]nisque uolunt p]ire telis8 ,non e/ iu/a satis saeuitiae ratio4 #aj ,vis aptam m]itis uicem ref]re8 ,dilige iure bonos et mis]esce malis4 ,,iv4 ,:y %\ld we /rive to die s _m ways1 ,& slay ourselves ) our own h&s8 ,if we seek dea?1 %e ready /&s1 ,%e will+ comes1 h] *>iot nev] /ays4 ,^? aga9/ :om ! wild bea/s armd be1 ,aga9/ !mselves ) weapons rage4#aec ,d !y su* w>s unju/ly wage1 ,because _! lives & mann]s disagree1 ,& s !mselves ) mutual weapons kill8 ,alas1 b ?is rev5ge is small4 ,w\ld/ ?\ give due des]t to all8 ,love !n ! good1 & pity ?\ ! ill4 #aec ,lit]ally1 ,m5 :om s]p5t1 lion1 tig]1 be>1 & bo> attack ) too?1 yet attack ea* o!r ) ! sword4 ,v4 ,hic ego3 ,video1 inquam1 quae sit uel felicitas uel mis]ia 9 ipsis proborum atque improborum m]itis con/ituta4 ,s$ 9 hac ipsa =tuna popul>i non nihil boni maliue inesse p]p5do4 ,neque enim sapi5tum quisquam exul inops ignom9iosusque esse malit1 potius quam poll5s opibus1 honore reu]5dus1 pot5tia ualidus1 9 sua p]man5s urbe flor]e4 ,sic enim cl>ius te/atiusque sapi5tiae tractatur (ficium1 cum 9 cont+5tes populos reg5tium quodam modo beatitudo transfunditur1 cum praes]tim c>c]1 nex#aed cet]aque legalium torm5ta po5>um p]niciosis potius ciuibus propt] quos etiam con/ituta sunt debeantur4 ,cur haec igitur u]sa uice mut5tur scel]umque supplicia bonos premant1 praemia uirtutum mali rapiant1 uehem5t] admiror1 quaeque tam iniu/ae confusionis ratio uideatur ex te scire desid]o4 ,m9us et5im mir>]1 si misc]i omnia =tuitis casibus cr$]em4 ,nunc /uporem meum deus rector exagg]at4 ,qui cum saepe bonis iucunda1 malis asp]a contraque bonis dura tribuat1 malis optata conc$at1 nisi causa depreh5ditur1 quid e/ quod a =tuitis casibus diff]re uideatur8 ,nec mirum1 inquit1 si quid ord9is ignorata ratione tem]>ium confusumque cr$atur4 ,s$ tu quamuis causam tantae dispositionis ignores1 tam5 quoniam bonus mundum rector temp]at1 recte fi]i cuncta ne dubites4 #aed lex pl]ique codd4 ,v4 ,i see1 quo? ,i1 :at felicity or mis]y is plac$ 9 ! des]ts ( hone/ & di%one/ m54 ,b ,i consid] t !re is some:at good or evil ev5 9 ?is popul> =tune4 ,= no wise man _h r live 9 bani%m5t1 pov]ty1 & ignom9y1 ?an prosp] 9 8 own c\ntry1 be+ ri*1 respect$1 & p[]ful4 ,= 9 ?is mann] is ! (fice ( wisdom p]=m$ ) m cr$it & r5[n1 :5 ! gov]nors' happ9ess is p>ticipat$ by ! p ab\t !m2 s *iefly because prisons1 dea?1 & o!r torm5ts ( legal puni%m5ts are r due to p]nici\s subjects1 = :om !y 7 also orda9$4 ,:]e=e ,i mu* m>vel :y ^! ?+s are ?us turn$ upside d[n1 & ! puni%m5ts ( wick$ness oppress ! good1 :ile evil m5 obta9 ! rew>ds ( ! good4 ,& ,i desire to "k ( !e :at may seem to be ! reason ( s unju/ confusion4 ,= ,i w\ld m>vel less if ,i ?\ght t all ?+s 7 disord]$ by casual ev5ts4 ,n[ ,god be+ ! ,gov]nor1 my a/oni%m5t is increas$4 ,= s9ce t ,he di/ribute? (t5times t :i* is pleasant to ! good1 & t :i* is di/a/eful to ! bad1 & contr>iwise adv]sity to ! good1 & prosp]ity to ! evil1 unless we f9d out ! cause h]e(1 :at diff]5ce may !re seem to be betwixt ?is & accid5tal *ances8 ,x is no m>vel1 quo? %e1 if any?+ be ?\ght tem]>i\s & confus$1 :5 we "k n ! ord] x ha?4 ,b al?\gh ?\ bee/ ignorant ( ! causes :y ?+s be s dispos$1 yet because ! _w ha? a gov]nor1 d\bt n b all ?+s are well done4 ,v4 ,si quis ,arcturi sid]a nescit ,prop9qua summo c>d9e labi1 ,cur legat t>dus plau/ra ,bootes ,m]gatque s]as aequore flammas1 ,cum nimis cel]es explicet ortus1 #e ,legem /upebit ae!ris alti4 ,palleant pl5ae cornua lunae ,infecta metis noctis opacae ,quaeque fulg5ti tex]at ore ,confusa ,phoebe detegat a/ra1 #aj ,comm\et g5tes publicus error ,lassantque crebris pulsibus a]a4 ,nemo miratur flam9a ,cori ,litus frem5ti tund]e fluctu ,nec niuis duram frigore molem #ae ,f]u5te ,phoebi solui] ae/u4 ,hic enim causas c]n]e promptum e/1 ,illic lat5tes pectora turbant4 ,cuncta quae r>a pr\ehit aetas ,/upetque subitis mobile uulgus1 #bj ,c$at inscitiae nubilus error1 ,cess5t pr(ecto mira uid]i4 ,v4 ,:o kn[s n h[ ! />s ne> to ! poles d slide1 ,& h[ ,botes 8 sl[ wa9 do? guide1 ,& :y he sets s late1 & do? s e>ly rise1 ,may wond] at ! c\rses ( ! skies4 ,if :5 ! moon is full h] horns seem pale to sight1 ,infe/$ ) ! d>kness ( ! night1 ,& />s f :i* all grace %e ) h] brightness took1 ,n[ %[ !mselves1 :ile %e do? dimly look1 ,a public error /raight ?r\gh vulg> m9ds do? pass1 ,& !y ) _m /rokes beat ^u brass4#aee ,none wond]s :y ! w9ds ^u ! wat]s bl[4 ,nor :y hot ,phoebus' beams dissolve ! sn[4 ,^! easy are to "k1 ! o!r hidd5 lie1 ,& !re=e m our he>ts !y t]rify4 ,all /range ev5ts :i* "t to light m seldom br+s1 ,& ! va9 p c\nt z sudd5 ?+s1 ,if we our cl\d$ m9ds f ignorance c\ld free1 ,no long] w\ld by u admir$ be4 #aee ,see ,tylor's ,primitive ,culture1 pp4 #bif ff4 ,cf c>m9a uel caelo possunt d$uc]e lunam1 ,virg4 ,ecl4 viii4 #fi1 & ,juv5al1 ,sat4 vi4 #ddj sq4 ,,vi ,ita e/1 inquam2 s$ cum tui mun]is sit lat5tium r]um causas euolu]e uelatasque calig9e explic>e rationes1 quaeso uti quae h9c dec]nas4 quoniam hoc me miraculum maxime p]turbat1 ediss]as4 ,tum illa paulisp] arrid5s3 ,ad rem me1 inquit1 omnium quaesitu maximam uocas1 cui uix exhau/i quicquam satis sit4 ,talis namque mat]ia e/ ut una dubitatione succisa innum]abiles aliae uelut hydrae capita succrescant1 nec ullus fu]it modus1 nisi quis eas uiuacissimo m5tis igne co]ceat4 ,9 hac enim de pr\id5tiae simplicitate1 de fati s]ie1 de rep5t9is casibus1 de cognitione ac pra$e/9atione diu9a1 de arbitrii lib]tate qua]i solet1 quae quanti on]is s9t ipse p]p5dis4 ,s$ quoniam haec quoque te nosse qua$am m$ic9ae tuae portio e/1 quamquam angu/o limite temporis saepti tam5 aliquid delib>e#aef conabimur4 ,quod si te musici c>m9is oblectam5ta delectant1 hanc oportet paulisp] diff]as uoluptatem1 dum nexas sibi ord9e contexo rationes4 ,vt libet1 inquam4 ,tunc uelut ab alio orsa pr9cipio ita diss]uit3 ,omnium g5]atio r]um cunctusque mutabilium natur>um progressus et quidquid aliquo m\etur modo1 causas1 ord9em1 =mas ex diu9ae m5tis /abilitate sortitur4 ,haec 9 suae simplicitatis arce composita multiplicem rebus reg5dis modum /atuit4 ,qui modus cum 9 ipsa diu9ae intelleg5tiae puritate conspicitur1 pr\id5tia nom9atur2 cum u]o ad ea quae m\et atque disponit ref]tur1 fatum a uet]ibus appellatum e/4 ,quae diu]sa esse facile liquebit1 si quis utriusque uim m5te conspex]it4 ,nam pr\id5tia e/ ipsa illa diu9a ratio 9 summo omnium pr9cipe con/ituta quae cuncta disponit2 fatum u]o inha]5s rebus mobilibus dispositio p] quam pr\id5tia suis quaeque nectit ord9ibus4 ,pr\id5tia namque cuncta p>it] quamuis diu]sa quamuis inf9ita complectitur2 fatum u]o s+ula dig]it 9 motum locis =mis ac temporibus di/ributa1 ut haec temporalis ord9is explicatio 9 diu9ae m5tis adunata prospectum pr\id5tia sit1 eadem u]o adunatio dige/a atque explicata temporibus fatum uocetur4 ,quae licet diu]sa s9t1 alt]um tam5 p5det ex alt]o4 ,ordo namque fatalis ex pr\id5tiae simplicitate proc$it4 ,sicut enim artifex faci5dae rei =mam m5te praecipi5s m\et op]is effectum1 et quod simplicit] praes5t>ieque prospex]at1 p] temporales ord9es ducit1 ita deus pr\id5tia quidem s+ul>it] /abilit]que faci5da disponit1 fato u]o haec ipsa quae disposuit multiplicit] ac temporalit] adm9i/rat4 ,siue igitur famulantibus quibusdam pr\id5tiae diu9is spiritibus fatum ex]cetur seu anima seu tota ins]ui5te natura seu caele/ibus sid]um motibus seu angelica uirtute seu daemonum u>ia soll]tia seu aliquibus horum seu omnibus fatalis s]ies texitur1 illud c]te manife/um e/ immobilem simplicemque g]5d>um =mam r]um esse pr\id5tiam1 fatum u]o eorum quae diu9a simplicitas g]5da disposuit mobilem nexum atque ord9em temporalem4 ,quo fit ut omnia quae fato subsunt pr\id5tiae quoque subiecta s9t cui ipsum etiam subiacet fatum1 qua$am u]o quae sub pr\id5tia locata sunt fati s]iem sup]5t4 ,ea u]o sunt quae primae prop9qua diu9itati /abilit] fixa fatalis ord9em mobilitatis exc$unt4 ,nam ut orbium circa eundem c>d9em sese u]t5tium qui e/ intimus ad simplicitatem m$ietatis acc$it cet]orumque extra locatorum ueluti c>do quidam circa quem u]s5tur exsi/it1 extimus u]o maiore ambitu rotatus quanto a puncti m$ia indiuiduitate disc$it tanto amplioribus spatiis explicatur1 si quid u]o illi se m$io conectat et societ1 9 simplicitatem cogitur diffundique ac difflu]e cessat1 simili ratione quod longius a prima m5te disc$it maioribus fati nexibus implicatur ac tanto aliquid fato lib]um e/ quanto illum r]um c>d9em uic9ius petit4 ,quod si sup]nae m5tis haes]it firmitati1 motu c>5s fati quoque sup]gr$itur necessitatem4 ,igitur uti e/ ad intellectum ratioc9atio1 ad id quod e/ id quod gignitur1 ad aet]nitatem tempus1 ad punctum m$ium circulus1 ita e/ fati s]ies mobilis ad pr\id5tiae /abilem simplicitatem4 ,ea s]ies caelum ac sid]a m\et1 elem5ta 9 se inuicem temp]at et alt]na commutatione trans=mat2 eadem nasc5tia occid5tiaque omnia p] similes fetuum sem9umque r5\at progressus4 ,haec actus etiam =tunasque hom9um indissolubili caus>um conexione con/r+it1 quae cum ab immobilis pr\id5tiae pr(iciscatur exordiis1 ipsas quoque immutabiles esse necesse e/4 ,ita enim res optime reguntur1 si man5s 9 diu9a m5te simplicitas indecl9abilem caus>um ord9em promat4 ,hic u]o ordo res mutabiles et alioqu9 tem]e fluituras propria incommutabilitate co]ceat4 ,quo fit ut tametsi uobis hunc ord9em m9ime consid]>e ual5tibus confusa omnia p]turbataque uideantur1 nihilo m9us tam5 suus modus ad bonum dirig5s cuncta disponat4 ,nihil e/ enim quod mali causa ne ab ipsis quidem improbis fiat2 quos1 ut ub]rime demon/ratum e/1 bonum qua]5tes prauus error au]tit1 n$um ordo de summi boni c>d9e pr(icisc5s a suo quoquam deflectat exordio4 ,quae u]o1 inquies1 pote/ ulla iniquior esse confusio1 quam ut bonis tum adu]sa tum prosp]a1 malis etiam tum optata tum odiosa cont+ant8 ,num igitur ea m5tis integritate hom9es degunt1 ut quos probos improbosue c5su]unt eos quoque uti exi/imant esse necesse sit8 ,atqui 9 hoc hom9um iudicia depugnant1 et quos alii praemio alii supplicio dignos arbitrantur4 ,s$ conc$amus ut aliquis possit bonos malosque disc]n]e2 num igitur pot5t intu]i illam intimam temp]iem1 uelut 9 corporibus dici solet1 animorum8 ,non enim dissimile e/ miraculum nesci5ti cur sanis corporibus 8 quidem dulcia illis u]o am>a conu5iant1 cur aegri etiam quidam l5ibus quidam u]o acribus adiuu5tur8 ,at hoc m$icus1 qui sanitatis ipsius atque aegritud9is modum temp]am5tumque d9oscit1 m9ime miratur4 ,quid u]o aliud animorum salus uidetur esse quam probitas8 ,quid aegritudo quam uitia8 ,quis autem alius uel s]uator bonorum uel malorum depulsor quam rector ac m$icator m5tium deus8 ,qui cum ex alta pr\id5tiae specula respexit1 quid unicuique conu5iat agnoscit et quod conu5ire n\it accommodat4 ,hic iam fit illud fatalis ord9is insigne miraculum1 cum ab sci5te g]itur quod /upeant ignorantes4 ,nam ut pauca quae ratio ualet humana de diu9a pr(unditate p]/r+am1 de hoc quem tu iu/issimum et aequi s]uantissimum putas omnia sci5ti pr\id5tiae diu]sum uidetur2 et uictricem quidem causam dis1 uictam u]o ,catoni placuisse famili>is no/] ,lucanus admonuit4 ,hic igitur quidquid citra spem uideas g]i1 rebus quidem rectus ordo e/1 op9ioni u]o tuae p]u]sa confusio4 ,s$ sit aliquis ita b5e moratus ut de eo diu9um iudicium p>it] et humanum cons5tiat1 s$ e/ animi uiribus infirmus2 cui si quid eu5iat adu]si1 des9et col]e =sitan innoc5tiam p] quam non potuit ret9]e =tunam4 ,p>cit itaque sapi5s disp5satio ei quem det]iorem fac]e possit adu]sitas1 ne cui non conu5it labor>e patiatur4 ,e/ alius cunctis uirtutibus absolutus sanctusque ac deo proximus2 hunc cont+i quibuslibet adu]sis nefas pr\id5tia iudicat adeo ut ne corporeis quidem morbis agit>i s9at4 ,nam ut quidam me quoque excell5tior3 ,greek3 ,&ros dae i]\ demas ai!res oikodomaesan4 ,fit autem saepe1 uti bonis summa r]um reg5da def]atur1 ut exub]ans retundatur improbitas4 ,aliis mixta qua$am pro animorum qualitate di/ribuit2 quosdam remordet ne longa felicitate luxuri5t1 alios duris#aeg agit>i ut uirtutes animi pati5tiae usu atque ex]citatione confirm5t4 ,alii plus aequo metuunt quod f]re possunt1 alii plus aequo despiciunt quod f]re non possunt2 hos 9 exp]im5tum sui tri/ibus ducit4 ,nonnulli u5]&um saeculi nom5 gloriosae pretio mortis em]unt3 quidam suppliciis inexpugnabiles exemplum cet]is praetul]unt inuictam malis esse uirtutem4 ,quae quam recte atque disposite et ex eorum bono quibus acc$]e uid5tur fiant1 nulla dubitatio e/4 ,nam illud quoque1 quod improbis nunc tri/ia nunc optata pr\5iunt1 ex eisdem ducitur causis2 ac de tri/ibus quidem nemo miratur1 quod eos male m]itos omnes exi/imant4 ,quorum quidem supplicia tum cet]os ab scel]ibus det]r5t1 tum ipsos quibus inuehuntur em5dant2 laeta u]o magnum bonis argum5tum loquuntur1 quid de huiusmodi felicitate debeant iudic>e quam famul>i saepe improbis c]nant4 ,9 qua re illud etiam disp5s>i cr$o1 quod e/ =sitan alicuius tam praeceps atque inportuna natura ut eum 9 scel]a potius exac]b>e possit rei famili>is inopia2 huius morbo pr\id5tia collatae pecuniae rem$io m$etur4 ,hic fo$atam probris consci5tiam exspectans et se cum =tuna sua comp>ans1 =sitan p]timescit ne cuius ei iucundus usus e/1 sit tri/is amissio4 ,mutabit igitur mores ac dum =tunam metuit amitt]e2 nequitiam d]el9quit4 ,alios 9 cladem m]itam praecipitauit indigne acta felicitas2 quibusdam p]missum puni5di ius1 ut ex]citii bonis et malis esset causa supplicii4 ,nam ut probis atque improbis nullum fo$us e/1 ita ipsi int] se improbi nequeunt conu5ire4 ,quidni1 cum a semet ipsis disc]p5tibus consci5tiam uitiis quisque diss5tiat faciantque saepe1 quae cum gess]9t non fuisse g]5da dec]nant8 ,ex quo saepe summa illa pr\id5tia protulit insigne miraculum1 ut malos mali bonos fac]5t4 ,nam dum iniqua sibi a pessimis quidam p]peti uid5tur1 noxiorum odio flagrantes ad uirtutis frugem r$i]e1 dum se eis dissimiles /ud5t esse quos od]ant4 ,sola e/ enim diu9a uis cui mala quoque bona s9t1 cum eis compet5t] ut5do alicuius boni elicit effectum4 ,ordo enim quidam cuncta complectitur1 ut quod adsignata ord9is ratione decess]it1 hoc licet 9 alium1 tam5 ord9em relabatur1 ne quid 9 regno pr\id5tiae liceat tem]itati4 ,greek3 ,argaleon de me tauta !on hos pant agoreue94 ,neque enim fas e/ hom9i cunctas diu9ae op]ae ma*9as uel +5io compreh5d]e uel explic>e s]mone4 ,hoc tantum p]spexisse sufficiat1 quod natur>um omnium proditor deus idem ad bonum dirig5s cuncta disponat1 dumque ea quae protulit 9 sui similitud9em ret9]e fe/9at1 malum omne de reipublicae suae t]m9is p] fatalis s]iem necessitatis elim9et4 ,quo fit ut quae 9 t]ris abund>e cr$untur1 si dispon5tem pr\id5tiam spectes1 nihil usquam mali esse p]p5das4 ,s$ uideo te iam dudum et pond]e quae/ionis on]atum et rationis prolixitate fatigatum aliquam c>m9is exspect>e dulc$9em4 ,accipe igitur hau/um quo refectus firmior 9 ult]iora cont5das4 #aef delib]>e codd42 delib>e coni4 ,pulmannus4 #aeg ,=tasse s9it po/ duris add5dum e/4 ,,vi4 ,x is true1 quo? ,i1 b s9ce x is ?y pr(ession to explicate ! causes ( hidd5 ?+s1 & to unfold ! reasons :i* are cov]$ ) d>kness1 ,i besee* !e v\*safe to decl>e :at conclusion ?\ drawe/ f ^! ?+s1 = ?is miracle tr\ble? me above all o!rs4 ,!n %e smil+ a little said3 ,?\ invite/ me to a matt] :i* is mo/ h>dly f\nd out1 & c sc>cely be suffici5tly decl>$2 = x is su* t1 "o d\bt be+ tak5 away1 innum]able o!rs1 l ! heads ( ,hydra1 succe$1 nei!r w !y h any end unless a man repress !m ) ! mo/ lively fire ( 8 m9d4 ,= 9 ?is matt] are wont to be h&l$ ^! que/ions3 ( ! simplicity ( ,provid5ce2 ( ! c\rse ( ,fate2 ( sudd5 *ances2 ( ,god's k & pr$e/9ation1 & ( free w2 :i* h[ weighty !y are1 ?\ ?yself disc]ne?4 ,b because x is "p ( ?y cure to "k ^! ?+s also1 ?\gh ! "t be %ort1 yet we w endeav\r to t\* !m briefly4 ,b if ! sweetness ( v]se delight !e1 ?\ mu/ =be> ?is pleasure = a :ile1 until ,i propose unto !e "s few argum5ts4 ,z x please? !e1 quo? ,i4 ,!n tak+ z x 7 a new beg9n+1 %e disc\rs$ 9 ?is mann]3 ,! g5]ation ( all ?+s1 & all ! proce$+s ( mutable natures1 & :atsoev] is mov$ 9 any sort1 take _! causes1 ord]1 & =ms f ! /ability ( ! ,div9e m9d4 ,?is1 plac$ 9 ! ca/le ( its own simplicity1 ha? det]m9$ manifold ways = do+ ?+s2 :i* ways be+ consid]$ 9 ! purity ( ,god's und]/&+1 are nam$ ,provid5ce1 b be+ ref]r$ to ^? ?+s :i* ,he move? & dispose?1 !y are by ! anci5ts call$ ,fate4 ,! div]sity ( :i* w easily appe> if we weigh ! =ce ( bo?4 ,= ,provid5ce is ! v ,div9e reason itself1 seat$ 9 ! highe/ ,pr9ce1 :i* dispose? all ?+s4 ,b ,fate is a disposition inh]5t 9 *angeable ?+s1 by :i* ,provid5ce connecte? all ?+s 9 _! due ord]4 ,= ,provid5ce embrace? all ?+s toge!r1 ?\gh div]se1 ?\gh inf9ite2 b ,fate putte? e p>ticul> ?+ into motion be+ di/ribut$ by places1 =ms1 & "t2 s t ?is unfold+ ( temporal ord] be+ unit$ into ! =esight ( ,god's m9d is ,provid5ce1 & ! same unit+1 be+ dige/$ & unfold$ 9 "t1 is call$ ,fate4 ,:i* al?\gh !y be div]se yet ! "o dep5de? on ! o!r4 ,= fatal ord] proce$e? f ! simplicity ( ,provid5ce4 ,= z a workman conceiv+ ! =m ( any?+ 9 8 m9d take? 8 "w 9 h&1 & execute? by ord] ( "t t :i* he _h simply & 9 a mom5t =ese51 s ,god by ,8 ,provid5ce dispose? :atsoev] is to be done ) simplicity & /ability1 & by ,fate effecte? by manifold ways & 9 ! ord] ( "t ^? v ?+s :i* ,he dispose?4 ,:]e=e1 :e!r ,fate be ex]cis$ by ! subord9ation ( c]ta9 ,div9e spirits to ,provid5ce1 or ?is fatal web be wov5 by a s\l or by ! s]vice ( all nature1 or by ! heav5ly motions ( ! />s1 by angelical virtue1 or by diabolical indu/ry1 or by "s or all ( ^!1 t c]ta9ly is manife/ t ,provid5ce is an immoveable & simple =m ( ^? ?+s :i* are to be done1 & ,fate a moveable connexion & temporal ord] ( ^? ?+s :i* ! ,div9e simplicity ha? dispos$ to be done4 ,s t all t is "u ,fate is also subject to ,provid5ce1 to :i* also ,fate itself obeye?4 ,b "s ?+s :i* are plac$ "u ,provid5ce are above ! c\rse ( ,fate4 ,& !y are ^? ?+s :i* nigh to ! fir/ ,div9ity1 be+ /able & fix$1 exce$ ! ord] ( fatal mobility4 ,= z ( orbs :i* turn ab\t ! same c5tre1 ! inmo/ drawe? nigh to ! simplicity ( ! mid/1 & is z x 7 ! h+e ( ! re/1 :i* are plac$ )\t x1 ab\t :i* !y are turn$1 & ! outmo/1 :eel$ ) a great] compass1 by h[ mu* x dep>te? f ! middle indivisibility ( ! c5tre1 is s mu* ! m ext5d$ into l>g] spaces1 b t :i* is jo9$ & c\pl$ to t middle approa*e? to simplicity1 & cease? to spread & fl[ abroad1 9 l mann] t :i* dep>te? f>!/ f ! fir/ m9d is involv$ m deeply 9 ! me%es ( ,fate1 & ev]y?+ is s mu* ! fre] f ,fate1 by h[ mu* x drawe? nigh to ! h+e ( all ?+s4 ,& if x /icke? to ! /ability ( ! ,sov]eign m9d1 free f motion1 x surpasse? also ! necessity ( ,fate4 ,:]e=e 9 :at sort disc\rse ( reason is comp>$ to pure und]/&+1 t :i* is produc$ to t :i* is1 "t to et]nity1 a circle to ! c5tre1 su* is ! c\rse ( moveable ,fate to ! /able simplicity ( ,provid5ce4 ,t c\rse move? ! heav5 & />s1 temp]e? ! elem5ts "o ) ano!r1 & trans=me? !m by mutual *ang+4 ,! same r5ewe? all ris+ & dy+ ?+s by l proce$+ ( fruits & se$s4 ,?is compreh5de? also ! actions & =tunes ( m5 by an unloosable connexion ( causes1 :i* s9ce x proce$s f ! pr9ciples ( unmovable ,provid5ce1 ! causes also mu/ ne$s be immutable4 ,= 9 ?is mann] ?+s are be/ gov]n$1 if ! simplicity :i* rema9e? 9 ! ,div9e m9d produce? an inflexible ord] ( causes1 & ?is ord] re/ra9e? ) its own immutability ?+s o!rwise mutable1 & :i* w\ld h a confus$ c\rse4 ,:]e( x ensue? t ?\gh all ?+s seem confus$ & disord]$ to y1 :o are n able to consid] ?is ord]1 not)/&+ all ?+s are dispos$ by _! own prop] measure direct+ !m to good4 ,= !re is no?+ :i* is done = ! love ( evil1 ev5 by ! wick$ !mselves3 :om1 z ha? be5 abundantly prov$1 lewd error c>rie? away :ile !y are seek+ aft] t :i* is good1 s f> is x t ord] proce$+ f ! h+e ( ! ,sov]eign ,goodness %\ld av]t any f 8 fir/ beg9n+4 ,b1 ?\ wilt say1 :at m unju/ confusion c !re be ?an t bo? adv]sity & prosp]ity %\ld happ5 to ! good1 & 9 l mann] bo? desir$ & hateful ?+s to ! wick$8 ,b are m5 s completely wise t :omsoev] !y judge wick$ or hone/ mu/ ne$s be s8 ,h[ !n are _! c5sures contr>y "o to ano!r1 s t to div]s ! same m5 seem wor?y ( rew>d & puni%m5t6 ,b let u grant t "s are able to disc]n ! good f ! evil4 ,c !y !re=e behold1 z is wont to be said ( bodies1 t inw>d complexion ( s\ls8 ,= he t kn[e? n ! cause may m>vel 9 l mann] :y "s s\nd bodies agree bett] ) sweet ?+s & o!r ) t>t2 & :y "s sick m5 are heal$ ) g5tle & "s ) %>p] physic4 ,b to a physician :o kn[e? ! mann] & temp] bo? ( heal? & sickness ?is is no?+ /range4 ,n[1 :at is ! heal? ( s\ls b virtue8 ,:at sickness h !y b vices8 ,& :o ei!r cons]ve? goodness or expelle? evils1 b ,god ! ,rul] & ,gov]nor ( m5's m9ds8 ,:o behold+ f ,8 high turret ( provid5ce see? :at is fitt+ = ev]yone1 & applie? t :i* ,he kn[e? to be mo/ conv5i5t4 ,"h arise? t /range wond] ( fatal ord]1 to wit t ,he t kn[e? :at is be/1 do? t :i* ! ignorant admire4 ,= to t\* briefly "s few ?+s ( ! div9e dep?1 :i* human reason is able to atta91 he :om ?\ ?9ke? mo/ j & mo/ obs]vant ( equity1 seeme? o!rwise 9 ! eyes ( ,provid5ce :i* kn[e? all4 ,& our disciple ,lucan note? t ! cause ( conqu]]s pleas$ ! gods1 & t ( ! conqu]$1 ,cato4#aeh ,:]e=e :atsoev] ?\ see/ done "h aga9/ ?y expectation is "r ord] 9 ! ?+s !mselves1 b a p]v]se confusion 9 ?y op9ion4 ,b let !re be "o s well condition$ t ,god & m5 approve & praise him2 yet p]haps he is s weak a m9d$ man1 t if he falle? into adv]sity1 he w =sake 8 innoc5cy1 :i* 0 n able to keep him 9 prosp]ity4 ,:]e=e ,god's wise disp5sation sp>e? him t adv]sity might make worse1 le/ he %\ld suff] to :om difficulties are dang]\s4 ,!re is ano!r complete 9 all virtues1 a sa9t & high to ,god2 ,provid5ce judge? x a sacrilege to lay affliction on him1 insomu* t %e p]mitte? him n to be tr\bl$ s mu* z ) corporal sickness4 ,= z "o t excelle? me sai? '! body ( an holy man is build$ ( pure e!r4'#aei ,x happ5e? (t5 also t ! *ief comm& is giv5 to good m51 t wick$ness1 :i* o!rwise w\ld ov]fl[ all1 may be kept d[n4 ,%e mixe? = o!rs s\r & sweet accord+ to ! disposition ( _! s\ls2 %e tr\bles "s le/ !y %\ld fall to dissolution by long prosp]ity1 o!rs are vex$ ) h>d%ips1 t !y may confirm ! =ces ( _! m9d ) ! use & ex]cise ( pati5ce4 ,"s are too mu* afraid ( t :i* !y are able to be>4 ,o!rs make less acc\nt ?an !re is cause ( t :i* !y _c endure4 ,all ^! %e affraye? ) afflictions t !y make trial ( !mselves4 ,_m h b\ght ! r5[n ( ?is _w ) a glori\s dea?4 ,"s1 ov]com+ all torm5ts1 h %[$ by _! example t virtues _c be conqu]$ by mis]ies1 :i* ?+s h[ well & ord]ly !y are done1 & h[ mu* to _! good ^u :om !y are se5 to fall1 !re c be no d\bt4 ,= t sometime griev\s1 sometime pleasant ?+s befall 9 l mann] ! wick$1 proce$e? f ! same causes4 ,& z = adv]sity no man m>velle? because all ?9k !y des]ve ill4 ,^: puni%m5ts d bo? t]rify o!rs f ! l c\rses1 & move !m to am5d !mselves4 ,& _! prosp]ity is a great argum5t to ! good1 :at !y ought to judge ( ?is happ9ess :i* !y see (t5times be/[$ ^u ! wick$4 ,9 :i* ?+ also is to be consid]$ t p]adv5ture "s h s headlong & unt[>d a disposition1 t pov]ty w\ld r make him worse2 ^: disease is cur$ by ,provid5ce1 ) giv+ him /ore ( money4 ,ano!r1 kn[+ 8 own guilty consci5ce1 & comp>+ 8 "* ) 8 own e/ate1 is afraid le/ ! loss ( t %\ld be griev\s unto him1 ! use ( :i* is pleasant4 ,:]e=e he resolve? to *ange 8 cu/oms1 & :iles he fe>e? to lose 8 prosp]ity1 he =sake? wick$ness4 ,! increase ( hon\r undes]v$ly obta9$ ha? ?r[n "s headlong into _! des]v$ de/ruction4 ,o!rs are p]mitt$ to h au?ority to puni% o!rs1 t !y may ex]cise ! good & puni% ! bad4 ,= z !re is no league betwe5 virtu\s & wick$ m51 s nei!r c ! wick$ agree among !mselves4 ,:y n8 ,s9ce !y disagree )9 !mselves by reason ( _! vices :i* te> _! consci5ce1 s t !y _m times d t :i* aft]w>ds !y wi% undone4 ,f :5ce t highe/ ,provid5ce (t5 worke? t wond]ful miracle1 t evil m5 make ^? :i* are evil good4 ,= "s1 consid]+ ! inju/ice done !m by mo/ wick$ m51 inflam$ ) hatr$ ( evildo]s h return$ to ! practice ( virtue1 procur+ to be contr>y to !m :om !y hate4 ,= x is only a div9e /r5g? to :i* ev5 evil ?+s are good1 :51 by us+ !m 9 due sort1 x drawe? "s good effect out ( !m4 ,= a c]ta9 ord] embrace? all ?+s1 s t ev5 t :i* dep>te? f ! ord] appo9t$ to x1 ?\gh x falle? into ano!r1 yet t is ord] also1 le/ confus$ ra%ness %\ld be> any sway 9 ! k+dom ( ,provid5ce4 ',b x is h>d = me to rehe>se all ?is z if ,i 7 a ,god4'#afj ,= x is impossible = any man ei!r to compreh5d by 8 wit or to explicate 9 spee* all ! frame ( ,god's "w4 ,be x suffici5t t we h se5 ?us mu*1 t ,god1 ! au?or ( all natures1 directe? & dispose? all ?+s to goodness1 & :ile ,he endeav\re? to reta9 9 ,8 own lik5ess ^? ?+s :i* ,he ha? produc$1 ,he bani%e? all evil f ! b\nds ( ,8 commonweal?1 by ! c\rse ( fatal necessity4 ,s t if ?\ consid]e/ ! disposition ( ,provid5ce1 ?\ wilt p]ceive t evil1 :i* is ?\ght s to ab\nd ^u e>?1 ha? no place left = x at all4 ,b ,i see t long s9ce burd5$ ) s weighty a "q1 & we>i$ ) my long disc\rse1 ?\ expecte/ ! delight ( v]ses2 :]e=e take a draught1 t1 be+ refre%$1 ?\ maye/ be able to g =w>d4 #aeh ,ph>sal4 i4 #abf4 #aei ,s\rce unkn[n4 #afj ,hom]1 ,il4 xii4 #agf4 ,,vi4 ,si uis celsi iura tonantis ,pura soll]s c]n]e m5te1 ,aspice summi culm9a caeli4 ,illic iu/o fo$]e r]um ,vet]em s]uant sid]a pacem4 #e ,non sol rutilo concitus igne ,gelidum ,phoebes imp$it axem ,nec quae summo u]tice mundi ,flectit rapidos ,vrsa meatus4 ,numquam occiduo lota pr(undo #aj ,cet]a c]n5s sid]a m]gi ,cupit oceano t+]e flammas4 ,semp] uicibus temporis aequis ,vesp] s]as nuntiat umbras ,reuehitque diem ,lucif] almum4 #ae ,sic aet]nos reficit cursus ,alt]nus amor1 sic a/rig]is ,bellum discors exulat oris4 ,haec concordia temp]at aequis ,elem5ta modis1 ut pugnantia #bj ,vicibus c$ant umida siccis ,iungantque fidem frigora flammis ,p5dulus ignis surgat 9 altum ,t]raeque graues pond]e sidant4 ,isdem causis u]e tep5ti #be ,spirat florif] annus odores1 ,ae/as ,c]]em f]uida siccat1 ,remeat pomis grauis autumnus1 ,hiemem defluus inrigat imb]4 ,haec temp]ies alit ac pr(]t #cj ,quidquid uitam spirat 9 orbe4 ,eadem rapi5s condit et auf]t ,obitu m]g5s orta supremo4 ,s$et int]ea conditor altus ,r]umque reg5s flectit hab5as #ce ,rex et dom9us fons et origo ,lex et sapi5s arbit] aequi ,et quae motu concitat ire1 ,si/it retrah5s ac uaga firmat4 ,nam nisi rectos reuocans itus #dj ,flexos it]um cogat 9 orbes1 ,quae nunc /abilis cont9et ordo ,dissaepta suo fonte fatiscant4 ,hic e/ cunctis communis amor ,repetuntque boni f9e t5]i1 #de ,quia non alit] dur>e queant1 ,nisi conu]so rursus amore ,refluant causae quae d$it esse4 ,,vi4 ,if ?\ w\ld'/ see ,god's laws ) pure/ m9d1 ,?y sight on heav5 mu/ fixd be1 ,^: settl$ c\rse ! />s 9 peace do? b9d4 ,! sun's bright fire ,/ops n 8 si/]'s team1 ,nor do? ! nor!rn be> desire ,)9 ! ocean's wave to hide h] beam4 ,?\gh %e behold ,! o!r />s !re c\*+1 ,yet %e uncessantly is roll$ ,ab\t high heav51 ! ocean nev] t\*+4 ,! ev5+ light ,) c]ta9 c\rse do? %[ ,! com+ ( ! %ady night1 ,& ,lucif] be=e ! day do? g4 ,?is mutual love ,c\rses et]nal makes1 ,& f ! />ry sph]es above ,all cause ( w> & dang]\s discord takes4 ,?is sweet cons5t ,9 equal b&s do? tie ,! nature ( ea* elem5t1 ,s t ! moi/ ?+s yield unto ! dry1 ,! pi]c+ cold ,) flames do? fri5d%ip keep1 ,! trembl+ fire ! highe/ place do? hold1 ,& ! gross e>? s9ks d[n into ! deep4 ,! fl[]y ye> ,brea!s od\rs 9 ! spr+ ,! scor*+ summ] corn do? be>1 ,! autumn fruit f lad5 trees do? br+4 ,! fall+ ra9 ,do? w9t]'s moi/ure give4 ,^! rules ?us n\ri% & ma9ta9 ,all creatures :i* we see on e>? to live4 ,& :5 !y die1 ,^! br+ !m to _! end1 ,:ile _! ,creator sits on high1 ,^: h& ! re9s ( ! :ole _w do? b5d4 ,he z _! ,k+ ,rules !m ) lordly might4 ,f ,him !y rise1 fl\ri%1 & spr+1 ,he z _! law & judge decides _! "r4 ,^? ?+s ^: c\rse ,mo/ swiftly glides away ,8 might do? (t5 backw>d =ce1 ,& sudd5ly _! w&]+ motion /ay4 ,unless ,8 /r5g? ,_! viol5ce %\ld b\nd1 ,& !m :i* else w\ld run at l5g?1 ,%\ld br+ )9 ! compass ( a r\nd1 ,t firm decree ,:i* n[ do? all adorn ,w\ld soon de/roy$ & brok5 be1 ,?+s be+ f> f _! beg9n+ borne4 ,?is p[]ful love ,is common unto all1 ,:i* = desire ( good d move ,back to ! spr+s f :5ce !y fir/ did fall4 ,no worldly ?+ ,c a cont9uance h ,unless love back aga9 x br+ ,unto ! cause :i* fir/ ! ess5ce gave4 ,,vii4 ,iamne igitur uides quid haec omnia quae diximus consequatur8 ,quidnam8 inquam4 ,omnem1 inquit1 bonam prorsus esse =tunam4 ,et qui id1 inquam1 fi]i pote/8 ,att5de1 inquit4 ,cum omnis =tuna uel iucunda uel asp]a tum remun]&i ex]c5diue bonos tum puni5di corrig5diue improbos causa def]atur1 omnis bona quam uel iu/am con/at esse uel utilem4 ,nimis quidem1 inquam1 u]a ratio et si quam paulo ante docui/i pr\id5tiam fatumue consid]em1 firmis uiribus nixa s5t5tia4 ,s$ eam si placet int] eas quas inop9abiles paulo ante posui/i num]emus4 ,qui8 inquit4 ,quia id hom9um s]mo communis usurpat et quidem crebro quorundam malam esse =tunam4 ,visne igitur1 inquit1 paulisp] uulgi s]monibus acc$amus1 ne nimium uelut ab humanitatis usu recessisse uideamur8 ,vt placet1 inquam4 ,nonne igitur bonum c5ses esse quod prode/8 ,ita e/1 inquam1 ,quae u]o aut ex]cet aut corrigit1 prode/8 ,fateor1 inquam4 ,bona igitur8 ,quidni8 ,s$ haec eorum e/ qui uel 9 uirtute positi contra asp]a bellum g]unt1 uel a uitiis decl9antes uirtutis it] arripiunt4 ,neg>e1 inquam1 nequeo4 ,quid u]o iucunda1 quae 9 praemium tribuitur bonis1 num uulgus malam esse dec]nit8 ,nequaquam2 u]um uti e/ ita quoque esse optimam c5set4 ,quid reliqua1 quae cum sit asp]a1 iu/o supplicio malos co]cet1 num bonam populus putat8 ,immo omnium1 inquam1 quae excogit>i possunt1 iudicat esse mis]rimam4 ,vide igitur ne op9ionem populi sequ5tes quiddam ualde inop9abile confec]imus4 ,quid8 inquam4 ,ex 8 enim1 ait1 quae concessa sunt1 eu5it eorum quidem qui uel sunt uel 9 possessione uel 9 pr\ectu uel 9 adeptione uirtutis1 omnem quaecumque sit bonam1 9 improbitate u]o man5tibus omnem pessimam esse =tunam4 ,hoc1 inquam1 u]um e/1 tametsi nemo audeat confit]i4 ,qu>e1 inquit1 ita uir sapi5s mole/e f]re non debet1 quoti5s 9 =tunae c]tam5 adducitur1 ut uirum =tem non decet indign>i1 quoti5s increpuit bellicus tumultus2 utrique enim1 huic quidem gloriae propag&ae illi u]o con=m&ae sapi5tiae1 difficultas ipsa mat]ia e/4 ,ex quo etiam uirtus uocatur quod suis uiribus nit5s non sup]etur adu]sis4 ,neque enim uos 9 pr\ectu positi uirtutis difflu]e deliciis et em>cesc]e uoluptate u5i/is4 ,proelium cum omni =tuna nimis#afa acre cons]itis1 ne uos aut tri/is opprimat aut iucunda corrumpat4 ,firmis m$ium uiribus occupate6 ,quidquid aut infra subsi/it aut ultra progr$itur1 habet contemptum felicitatis1 non habet praemium laboris4 ,9 ue/ra enim situm manu qualem uobis =tunam =m>e malitis2 omnis enim quae uidetur asp]a nisi aut ex]cet aut corrigit punit4 #afa animis codd4 meliores4 ,,vii4 ,p]ceive/ ?\ n[ :at foll[e? ( all t we h hi!rto said8 ,:at8 quo? ,i4 ,t1 quo? %e1 all mann] ( =tune is good4 ,h[ c t be8 quo? ,i4 ,be att5tive1 quo? %e2 s9ce t all =tune1 be x pleas+ or unpleas+1 is direct$ to ! rew>d or ex]cise ( ! good1 & to ! puni%m5t & direction ( ! wick$1 x is manife/ x is all good1 s9ce all is j or pr(itable4 ,?y reason is v true1 quo? ,i1 & if ,i consid] ,provid5ce & ,fate1 :i* ?\ did/ explicate a little be=e1 ?y op9ion is well gr\nd$4 ,b if ?\ please/ let u acc\nt x among ^? :i* ?\ n long s9ce suppose/ incr$ible4 ,:y8 quo? %e4 ,because m5 commonly use to say & repeat t "s h ill =tune4 ,%all we1 quo? %e1 frame our spee* to ! vulg> phrase1 le/ we seem to h z x 7 =sak5 ! use ( human conv]sation8 ,z x please? !e1 quo? ,i4 ,do/ ?\ n ?9k !n t t is good :i* is pr(itable8 ,yes1 quo? ,i4 ,b t =tune :i* ei!r ex]cise? or correcte? is pr(itable8 ,x is true1 quo? ,i4 ,x is good !n8 ,:y n8 ,b ?is is ! e/ate ( !m :o be+ ei!r virtu\s /rive ) adv]sity1 or =sak+ vices betake !mselves to ! way ( virtue4 ,i _c d5y x1 quo? ,i4 ,n[1 :at saye/ ?\ to t pleas+ =tune :i* is giv5 9 rew>d to ! good1 do? ! common p acc\nt x bad8 ,no1 b judge? x exce$+ good1 z x is inde$4 ,& :at ( ! o!r :i*1 be+ unpleas+1 re/ra9e? ! evil ) j puni%m5t1 do? n ! p ?9k x good8 ,nay1 quo? ,i1 !y ?9k x ! mo/ mis]able t c be4 ,look !n1 quo? %e1 h[1 foll[+ ! p's op9ion1 we h conclud$ a v incr$ible matt]4 ,:at8 quo? ,i4 ,= x foll[e?1 quo? %e1 out ( t :i* is grant$1 t all _! =tune1 :atsoev] x be1 :o are ei!r 9 ! possession or increase or entrance ( virtue1 is good3 & !irs1 :i* rema9 9 vices1 ! wor/ t may be4 ,?is1 quo? ,i1 is true1 ?\gh none d>e say s4 ,:]e=e1 quo? %e1 a wise man mu/ be no m tr\bl$ :5 he is assault$ ) adv]sity1 ?an a valiant capta9 dismay$ at ! s\nd ( an al>um4 ,= difficulties are ! matt] by :i* ! "o mu/ ext5d 8 glory1 & ! o!r increase 8 wisdom4 ,= :i* cause virtue is s call$1 because x ha? suffici5t /r5g? to ov]come adv]sity4#afb ,= y1 t are pr(ici5ts 9 virtue1 are n come hi!r to be dissolute ) da9ties or to langui% 9 pleasures4 ,y skirmi% fi]cely ) any =tune1 le/ ei!r affliction oppress y or prosp]ity corrupt y4 ,/ay y\rselves /rongly 9 ! mean6 ,= :atsoev] come? ei!r %ort1 or goe? beyond1 may well contemn felicity1 b w nev] obta9 any rew>d ( lab\r4 ,= x is plac$ 9 y\r p[] to frame to y\rselves :at =tune y please4 ,= all t seeme? unsav\ry ei!r ex]cise? or correcte? or puni%e?4 #afb ,boe?ius %[s 8 indep5d5ce 9 adopt+ = uirtus a diff]5t etymology f t giv5 by ,cic]o1 viz4 uir 7(4 #b ,tus\l4 xviii474 ,,vii4 ,bella bis qu9is op]atus annis ,vltor ,atrides ,phrygiae ru9is ,fratris amissos ?alamos piauit2 ,ille dum ,graiae d>e uela classi ,optat et u5tos r$imit cruore1 #e ,exuit patrem mis]umque tri/is ,fo$]at natae iugulum sac]dos4 ,fleuit amissos ,i?acus sodales ,quos f]us ua/o recubans 9 antro ,m]sit inmani ,polyphemus aluo2 #aj ,s$ tam5 caeco furibundus ore ,gaudium mae/is lacrimis rep5dit4 ,h]culem duri celebrant labores4 ,ille ,c5tauros domuit sup]bos1 ,ab/ulit saeuo spolium leoni #ae ,fixit et c]tis uolucres sagittis1 ,poma c]n5ti rapuit draconi ,aureo laeuam grauior metallo1 ,c]b]um traxit triplici cat5a4 ,victor immitem posuisse f]tur #bj ,pabulum saeuis dom9um quadrigis4 ,hydra combu/o p]iit u55o1 ,fronte turpatus ,a*el\s amnis ,ora dem]sit pudibunda ripis4 ,/rauit ,antaeum ,libycis h>5is1 #be ,cacus ,eu&ri satiauit iras ,quosque pressurus =et altus orbis ,saetig] spumis um]os notauit4 ,vltimus caelum#afc labor inreflexo ,su/ulit collo pretiumque rursus #cj ,vltimi caelum m]uit laboris4 ,ite nunc =tes ubi celsa magni ,ducit exempli uia6 ,cur in]tes ,t]ga nudatis8 ,sup]ata tellus ,sid]a donat4 #ce #afc caelo codd4 mellores4 ,,vii4 ,rev5geful ,atreus' son did t5 :ole ye>s employ ,9 w>s1 till he 8 bro!r's loss repaid ) ransack$ ,troy4 ,he sett+ =? ! fleet ( ,greece ^u ! seas1 ,& kn[+ well t only blood ! angry w9ds w\ld please1 ,=got a fa!r's "p1 & ) 8 cruel knife ,unto ! gods did sacrifice 8 de>e/ daught]'s life4 ,ulysses wail$ ! loss ( 8 mo/ fai?ful m51 ,:om ,polyphemus did dev\r enclos$ 9 8 d5 ,b :5 8 h&s by sleight _h made ! ,cyclops bl9d1 ,mo/ pleasant joy in/ead ( =m] te>s possess$ 8 m9d4 ,h]cules fam\s is = 8 labori\s toil1 ,:o tam$ ! ,c5taurs & did take ! dreadful lion's spoil4 ,he ! ,/ymphalian birds ) pi]c+ arr[s /rook1 ,& f ! wat*ful dragon's c>e ! gold5 apples took4#afd ,he 9 a ?reefold *a9 ! helli% port] l$1 ,& ) _! cruel ma/]'s fle% ! savage horses f$4 ,he did ?' increas+ heads ( poison\s ,hydra burn1 ,& break+ ,a*el\s' horns1 did make him back return4#afe99 ,he on ! ,libyan s&s did pr\d ,antaeus kill1 ,& ) ! mighty ,cacus' blood ,eu&]'s wra? fulfil4 ,t _w-uplift+ back ! bo>'s :ite foam did fleck4 ,to hold on high ! sph]e ( heav5 ) nev] b5d+ neck ,( all 8 _m toils ! la/ 01 & mo/ h>d1 ,& = ?is la/ & greate/ toil ! heav5 0 8 rew>d4 ,y gallant m5 pursue ?is way ( high r5[n1 ,:y yield y8 ,ov]come ! e>?1 & y ! />s %all cr[n1 #afd ,lit]ally1 8 left h& weight$ ) ! gold5 metal4 #afe ,lit4 ,! riv] ,a*el\s di%on\r$ 9 8 br[ 7by ! loss ( 8 horns7 buri$ 8 %ame-/rick5 face 9 8 banks4 ,,anicii ,,manlii ,,sev]9i ,,boe?ii ,v4,c4 ,,et ,,inl4 ,,excons4 ,,ord4 ,,ex ,,mag4 ,,(f4 ,,patricii ,,philosophiae ,,consolationis ,,lib] ,,qv>tvs ,,explicit ,,incipit ,,lib] ,v4 ,i4 ,dix]at orationisque cursum ad alia qua$am tract&a atque exp$i5da u]tebat4 ,tum ego3 ,recta quidem1 inquam1 exhortatio tuaque prorsus auctoritate dignissima1 s$ quod tu dudum de pr\id5tia quae/ionem pluribus aliis implicitam esse dixi/i1 re exp]ior4 ,qua]o enim an esse aliquid omn9o et quidnam esse casum arbitr]e4 ,tum illa3 ,fe/9o1 inquit2 debitum promissionis absolu]e uiamque tibi qua patriam reueh>is ap]ire4 ,haec autem etsi p]utilia cognitu tam5 a propositi no/ri tramite paulisp] au]sa sunt1 u]5dumque e/ ne deuiis fatigatus ad emeti5dum rectum it] suffic]e non possis4 ,ne id1 inquam1 prorsus u]e>e4 ,nam quietis mihi loco fu]it ea quibus maxime delector agnosc]e1 simul cum omne disputationis tuae latus indubitata fide con/it]it1 nihil de sequ5tibus ambigatur4 ,tum illa3 ,morem1 inquit1 g]am tibi1 simulque sic orsa e/3 ,si quidem1 inquit1 aliquis eu5tum tem]>io motu nullaque caus>um conexione productum casum esse def9iat1 nihil omn9o casum esse confirmo et praet] subiectae rei significationem inanem prorsus uocem esse dec]no4 ,quis enim co]c5te 9 ord9em cuncta deo locus esse ullus tem]itati reliquus pote/8 ,nam nihil ex nihilo exsi/]e u]a s5t5tia e/ cui nemo umquam uet]um refragatus e/1 quamquam id illi non de op]ante pr9cipio1 s$ de mat]iali subiecto hoc omnium de natura rationum quasi quoddam iec]9t fundam5tum4 ,at si nullis ex causis aliquid oriatur1 id de nihilo ortum esse uidebitur4 ,quod si hoc fi]i nequit1 ne casum quidem huiusmodi esse possibile e/ qualem paulo ante def9iuimus4 ,quid igitur1 inquam1 nihilne e/ quod uel casus uel =tuitum iure appell>i queat8 ,an e/ aliquid1 tametsi uulgus lateat1 cui uocabula i/a conu5iant8 ,ari/oteles meus id1 inquit1 9 ,physicis et breui et u]i prop9qua ratione def9iuit4 ,quonam1 inquam modo8 ,quoti5s1 ait1 aliquid cuiuspiam rei gratia g]itur aliudque quibusdam de causis quam quod int5debatur obt+it1 casus uocatur1 ut si quis col5di agri causa fodi5s humum defossi auri pondus inu5iat4 ,hoc igitur =tuito quidem cr$itur accidisse1 u]um non de nihilo e/2 nam proprias causas habet qu>um inpr\isus inop9atusque concursus casum uidetur op]atus4 ,nam nisi cultor agri humum fod]et1 nisi eo loci pecuniam suam depositor obruisset1 aurum non esset inu5tum4 ,haec sunt igitur =tuiti causa comp5dii1 quod ex obuiis sibi et conflu5tibus causis1 non ex g]5tis int5tione pr\5it4 ,neque enim uel qui aurum obruit uel qui agrum ex]cuit ut ea pecunia rep]iretur int5dit2 s$ uti dixi1 quo ille obruit hunc fodisse conu5it atque concurrit4 ,licet igitur def9ire casum esse inop9atum ex conflu5tibus causis 9 8 quae ob aliquid g]untur eu5tum2 concurr]e u]o atque conflu]e causas facit ordo ille ineuitabili conexione proc$5s2 qui de pr\id5tiae fonte desc5d5s cuncta suis locis temporibusque disponit4 ,,! ,,fif? ,,book ,,( ,,boe?ius ,i4 ,hav+ said ?us1 %e began to turn h] spee* to treat & explicate c]ta9 o!r que/ions1 :5 ,i int]rupt$ h]1 say+3 ,?y exhortation is v good1 & well-seem+ ?y au?ority4 ,b ,i f9d x true by exp]i5ce1 z ?\ affirm$/1 t ! "q ( ,provid5ce is entangl$ ) _m o!r4 ,= ,i desire to "k :e!r ?\ ?9ke/ *ance to be any?+ at all1 & :at x is4 ,i make ha/e1 quo? %e1 to p]=m my promise1 & to %[ !e ! way by :i* ?\ maye/ return to ?y c\ntry4 ,b ^! o!r que/ions1 ?\gh !y be v pr(itable1 yet !y are some:at f our purpose1 & x is to be fe>$ le/ be+ we>i$ ) digressions ?\ bee/ n able to f9i% ?y direct j\rney4 ,!re is no fe> ( t1 quo? ,i1 = x w be a great ease to me to und]/& ^? ?+s 9 :i* ,i take great delight1 & )al1 :5 ?y disputation is f5c$ 9 on e side ) sure conviction1 !re c be no d\bt made ( any?+ ?\ %alt inf]4 ,i w1 quo? %e1 d z ?\ w\ld/ me h1 & )al began 9 ?is mann]4 ,if any %all def9e *ance to be an ev5t produc$ by a confus$ motion1 & )\t connexion ( causes1 ,i affirm t !re is no su* ?+1 & t *ance is only an empty voice t ha? b5ea? x no real signification4 ,= :at place c confusion h1 s9ce ,god dispose? all ?+s 9 due ord]8 ,= x is a true s5t5ce t ( no?+ come? no?+1 :i* none ( ! anci5ts d5i$1 ?\gh !y held n t pr9ciple ( ! effici5t cause1 b ( ! mat]ial subject1 lay+ x d[n z 9 a mann] ! gr\nd ( all _! reason+s conc]n+ nature4 ,b if any?+ proce$e? f no causes1 t w seem to h come f no?+1 :i* if x _c be1 nei!r is x possible !re %\ld be any su* *ance z is def9$ a little be=e4 ,:at !n1 quo? ,i1 is !re no?+ t c rightly be call$ *ance or =tune8 ,or is !re some?+1 ?\gh unkn[n to ! common sort1 to :i* ^! names agree8 ,my ,ari/otle1 quo? %e1 9 8 ,books ( ,nature#aff decl>$ ?is po9t briefly & v ne> ! tru?4 ,h[8 quo? ,i4 ,:51 quo? %e1 any?+ is done = "s c]ta9 cause1 & "s o!r ?+ happ5e? = o!r reasons ?an t :i* 0 int5d$1 ?is is call$ *ance2 z if "o digg+ 8 gr\nd ) int5tion to till x1 f9de? an hidd5 treasure4 ,?is is ?\ght to h fall5 ?us out by =tune1 b x is n ( no?+1 = x ha? peculi> causes ^: unexpect$ & n =ese5 conc\rse seeme? to h br\ght =? a *ance4 ,= unless ! husb&man _h digg$ up 8 gr\nd1 & unless ! o!r _h hidd5 8 money 9 t place1 ! treasure _h n be5 f\nd4 ,^! are !re=e ! causes ( ?is =tunate accid5t1 :i* proce$e? f ! meet+ & conc\rse ( causes1 & n f ! int5tion ( ! do]4 ,= nei!r he t hid ! gold nor he t till$ 8 gr\nd _h any int5tion t ! money %\ld be f\nd1 b1 z ,i said1 x foll[$ & concurr$ t ?is man %\ld dig up 9 ! place :]e ! o!r hid4 ,:]e=e1 we may def9e *ance ?us3 ,t x is an unexpect$ ev5t ( concurr+ causes 9 ^? ?+s :i* are done to "s end & purpose4 ,n[ ! cause :y causes s concur & meet s toge!r1 is t ord] proce$+ ) inevitable connexion1 :i*1 desc5d+ f ! f\nta9 ( ,provid5ce1 dispose? all ?+s 9 _! places & times4 #aff ,phys4 ii4 #d4 ,i4 ,rupis ,a*aem5iae scopulis ubi u]sa sequ5tum ,pectoribus figit spicula pugna fugax1 ,tigris et ,euphrates uno se fonte resoluunt ,et mox abiunctis dissociantur aquis4 ,si coeant cursumque it]um reuoc5tur 9 unum1 #e ,confluat alt]ni quod trahit unda uadi2 ,conu5i5t puppes et uulsi flum9e trunci ,mixtaque =tuitos implicet unda modos1 ,quos tam5 ipsa uagos t]rae decliuia casus ,gurgitis et lapsi defluus ordo regit4 #aj ,sic quae p]missis fluit>e uidetur hab5is ,=s patitur fr5os ipsaque lege meat4 ,i4 ,9 ! ,a*aem5ian rocks1 :]e ,p>?ians ) _! d>ts ,9 _! dissembl$ flight d w\nd _! enemies1 ,tigris f ! same head do? ) ,euphrates rise1 ,& =?) !y !mselves divide 9 sev]al p>ts2 ,b if !y jo9 aga91 & !m "o *annel b\nd1 ,br++ toge!r all t bo? _! waves d be>2 ,! %ips & trees1 ^: roots !y f ! bank d te>1 ,w meet1 & !y _! floods w m+le & conf\nd1 ,yet run ?is w&]+ c\rse 9 places :i* are l[1 ,& 9 ^! slid+ /reams a settl$ law rema9s4#afg ,s =tune1 ?\gh x seems to run ) c>eless re9s1 ,yet ha? x c]ta9 rule1 & do? 9 ord] fl[4 #afg ,lit4 ,yet all ^! 7app>5tly7 r&om happ5+s are gov]n$ by ! %elv+ gr\nd & ! fl[+ c\rse ( ! /ream z x runs4 ,,ii4 ,animadu]to1 inquam1 idque1 uti tu dicis1 ita esse cons5tio4 ,s$ 9 hac ha]5tium sibi s]ie caus>um e/ne ulla no/ri arbitrii lib]tas an ipsos quoque humanorum motus animorum fatalis cat5a con/r+it8 ,e/1 inquit1 neque enim fu]it ulla rationalis natura qu9 eidem lib]tas adsit arbitrii4 ,nam quod ratione uti naturalit] pote/ id habet iudicium quo quidque disc]nat2 p] se igitur fugi5da opt&aue d9oscit4 ,quod u]o quis opt&um esse iudicat petit2 refugit u]o quod ae/imat esse fugi5dum4 ,qu>e quibus 9 ipsis ine/ ratio1 ine/ etiam uol5di nol5dique lib]tas4 ,s$ hanc non 9 omnibus aequam esse con/ituo4 ,nam sup]nis diu9isque sub/antiis et p]spicax iudicium et incorrupta uoluntas et efficax optatorum prae/o e/ pote/as4 ,humanas u]o animas lib]iores quidem esse necesse e/ cum se 9 m5tis diu9ae speculatione cons]uant1 m9us u]o cum dilabuntur ad corpora1 m9usque etiam1 cum t]r5is artubus colligantur4 ,extrema u]o e/ s]uitus1 cum uitiis d$itae rationis propriae possessione cecid]unt4 ,nam ubi oculos a summae luce u]itatis ad inf]iora et t5ebrosa deiec]9t1 mox inscitiae nube caligant1 p]niciosis turbantur affectibus quibus acc$5do cons5ti5doque quam inuex]e sibi adiuuant s]uitutem et sunt quodam modo propria lib]tate captiuae4 ,quae tam5 ille ab aet]no cuncta prospici5s pr\id5tiae c]nit intuitus et suis quaeque m]itis pra$e/9ata disponit4 ,,ii4 ,i obs]ve x1 quo? ,i1 & ,i ackn[l$ge x to be z ?\ saye/4 ,b 9 ?is rank ( coh]5t causes1 h we any free-w1 or do? ! fatal *a9 fa/5 also ! motions ( m5's m9ds8 ,we h1 quo? %e1 = !re c be no reasonable nature1 unless x be endu$ ) free-w4 ,= t :i* naturally ha? ! use ( reason ha? also judgm5t by :i* x c disc]n ( ev]y?+ by itself1 :]e=e ( itself x di/+ui%$ betwixt ^? ?+s :i* are to be avoid$1 & ^? :i* are to be desir$4 ,n[ e "o seeke? = t :i* he ?9ke? is to be desir$1 & es*ewe? t :i* 9 8 judgm5t is to be avoid$4 ,:]e=e1 !y :i* h reason 9 !mselves h fre$om to w & nill4 ,b yet ,i consid] n ?is equal 9 all4 ,= ! supreme & div9e sub/ances h bo? a p]spicu\s judgm5t & an uncorrupt$ w1 & an effectual p[] to obta9 _! desires4 ,b ! m9ds ( m5 mu/ ne$s be m free :5 !y cons]ve !mselves 9 ! contemplation ( ,god1 & less :5 !y come to _! bodies1 & yet less :5 !y are b\nd ) e>?ly fett]s4 ,b _! greate/ bondage is :51 giv+ !mselves to vices1 !y lose possession ( _! own reason4 ,=1 hav+ ca/ _! eyes f ! light ( ! sov]eign tru? to inf]ior obscurities1 =?) !y are bl9d$ ) ! cl\d ( ignorance1 mole/$ ) hurtful affections1 by yield+ & cons5t+ to :i* !y increase ! bondage :i* !y laid ^u !mselves1 & are1 aft] a c]ta9 mann]1 captives by _! own fre$om4 ,:i* not)/&+ t =esight ( ,provid5ce :i* beholde? all ?+s f et]nity1 =esee?1 & by pr$e/9ation dispose? ( ev]y?+ by _! m]its4 ,,ii4 ,greek3 ,pant' ephoran kai pant' epak\e9#afh ,puro cl>um lum9e ,phoebum ,melliflui canit oris ,hom]us3 ,qui tam5 intima uisc]a t]rae ,non ualet aut pelagi radiorum #e ,infirma p]rump]e luce4 ,haud sic magni conditor orbis2 ,huic ex alto cuncta tu5ti ,nulla t]rae mole resi/unt1 ,non nox atris nubibus ob/at4 #aj ,quae s9t1 quae fu]9t u5iantque ,vno m5tis c]nit 9 ictu2 ,quem1 quia respicit omnia solus1 ,v]um possis dic]e solem4 #afh disponit ,greek3 ,pant' ephoron kai pant' epakogon sic ,peip] et similit] editores priores4 ,v]sum 9 rectum locum ,engelbre*t re/ituit1 quam quidem em5dationem no/] int]pres uidetur praes5sisse4 ,,ii4 ,sweet ,hom]#afi s+s ! praise ,( ,phoebus cle> & bright1 ,& yet 8 /ronge/ rays ,_c ) feeble light ,ca/ ?r\gh ! secret ways ,( e>? & seas 8 sight1 ,?\gh 'all lies op5 to 8 eyes4'#agj ,b ,he :o did ?is _w devise-- ,! e>?'s va/ dep?s unse5 ,f 8 sight are n free1 ,no cl\ds c /& betwe51 ,he at "o "t do? see ,:at are1 & :at h be51 ,& :at %all aft] be4 ,:om1 s9ce he only viewe? all1 ,y rightly ! true ,sun may call4 #afi ,cf4 ,il4 iv4 #bgg1 ,od4 xii4 #cbc4 #agj ,?is l9e r5d]s ! ,greek ) :i* ,boe?ius beg9s ! poem1 adapt+ ,hom]'s phrase all survey+1 all o'erhe>+4 ,see ! critical note on p4 #cgb4 ,,iii4 ,tum ego3 ,en1 inquam1 difficiliore rursus ambiguitate confundor4 ,qua5am1 inquit1 i/a e/8 ,iam enim quibus p]turb]e coniecto4 ,nimium1 inquam1 adu]s>i ac repugn>e uidetur pra5osc]e uniu]sa deum et esse ullum lib]tatis arbitrium4 ,nam si cuncta prospicit deus neque falli ullo modo pote/1 eu5ire necesse e/ quod pr\id5tia futurum esse praeuid]it4 ,qu>e si ab aet]no non facta hom9um modo s$ etiam consilia uoluntatesque pra5oscit1 nulla erit arbitrii lib]tas2 neque enim uel factum aliud ullum uel quaelibet exsi/]e pot]it uoluntas nisi quam nescia falli pr\id5tia diu9a praes5s]it4 ,nam si aliorsum quam pr\isae sunt detorqu]i ual5t1 non iam erit futuri firma praesci5tia1 s$ op9io potius inc]ta1 quod de deo cr$]e nefas iudico4 ,neque enim illam probo rationem qua se quidam cr$unt hunc quae/ionis nodum posse dissolu]e4 ,aiunt enim non ideo quid esse eu5turum1 quoniam id pr\id5tia futurum esse prospex]it1 s$ e contr>io potius1 quoniam quid futurum e/1 id diu9am pr\id5tiam lat]e non posse eoque modo necess>ium hoc 9 contr>iam relabi p>tem1 neque enim necesse esse cont+]e quae pr\id5tur1 s$ necesse esse quae futura sunt pr\id]i--quasi u]o quae cuius rei causa sit praesci5tiane futurorum necessitatis an futurorum necessitas pr\id5tiae laboretur1 ac non illud demon/r>e nitamur1 quoquo modo sese habeat ordo caus>um1 necess>ium esse eu5tum praescit>um r]um1 etiam si praesci5tia futuris rebus eu5i5di necessitatem non uideatur inf]re4 ,et5im si quispiam s$eat1 op9ionem quae eum s$]e coniectat u]am esse necesse e/2 atque e conu]so rursus1 si de quopiam u]a sit op9io quoniam s$et1 eum s$]e necesse e/4 ,9 utroque igitur necessitas ine/1 9 hoc quidem s$5di1 at u]o 9 alt]o u]itatis4 ,s$ non idcirco quisque s$et quoniam u]a e/ op9io1 s$ haec potius u]a e/ quoniam quempiam s$]e praecessit4 ,ita cum causa u]itatis ex alt]a p>te proc$at1 ine/ tam5 communis 9 utraque necessitas4 ,similia de pr\id5tia futurisque rebus ratioc9>i patet4 ,nam etiam si idcirco quoniam futura sunt1 pr\id5tur1 non u]o ideo quoniam pr\id5tur eu5iunt1 nihilo m9us tam5 ab deo uel u5tura pr\id]i uel pr\isa necesse e/ eu5ire1#aga quod ad p]im5dam arbitrii lib]tatem solum satis e/4 ,iam u]o quam praepo/]um e/ ut aet]nae praesci5tiae temporalium r]um eu5tus causa esse dicatur6 ,quid e/ autem aliud arbitr>i ideo deum futura quoniam sunt eu5tura pr\id]e1 quam put>e quae olim accid]unt causam summae illius esse pr\id5tiae8 ,ad haec sicuti cum quid esse scio1 id ipsum esse necesse e/1 ita cum quid futurum n\i1 id ipsum futurum esse necesse e/4 ,sic fit igitur ut eu5tus praescitae rei nequeat euit>i4 ,po/remo si quid aliquis aliorsum atque sese res habet exi/imet1 id non modo sci5tia non e/1 s$ e/ op9io fallax ab sci5tiae u]itate longe diu]sa4 ,qu>e si quid ita futurum e/ ut eius c]tus ac necess>ius non sit eu5tus1 id eu5turum esse praesciri qui pot]it8 ,sicut enim sci5tia ipsa imp]mixta e/ falsitati1 ita id quod ab ea concipitur esse alit] atque concipitur nequit4 ,ea namque causa e/ cur m5dacio sci5tia c>eat1 quod se ita rem quamque hab]e necesse e/ uti eam sese hab]e sci5tia compreh5dit4 ,quid igitur8 ,quonam modo deus haec inc]ta futura pra5oscit8 ,nam si ineuitabilit] eu5tura c5set quae etiam non eu5ire possibile e/1 fallitur2 quod non s5tire modo nefas e/1 s$ etiam uoce pr(]re4 ,at si ita uti sunt1 ita ea futura esse dec]nit1 ut aeque uel fi]i ea uel non fi]i posse cognoscat1 quae e/ haec praesci5tia quae nihil c]tum nihil /abile compreh5dit8 ,aut quid hoc ref]t uatic9io illo ridiculo ,tiresiae8 ,quidquid dicam1 aut erit aut non4 ,quid etiam diu9a pr\id5tia humana op9ione prae/it]it2 si uti hom9es inc]ta iudicat quorum e/ inc]tus eu5tus8 ,quod si apud illum r]um omnium c]tissimum fontem nihil inc]ti esse pote/1 c]tus eorum e/ eu5tus quae futura firmit] ille praesci]it4 ,qu>e nulla e/ humanis consiliis actionibusque lib]tas quas diu9a m5s s9e falsitatis errore cuncta prospici5s ad unum alligat et con/r+it eu5tum4 ,quo semel recepto quantus occasus human>um r]um consequatur liquet4 ,fru/ra enim bonis malisque praemia po5aeue proponuntur quae nullus m]uit lib] ac uolunt>ius motus animorum4 ,idque omnium uidebitur iniquissimum quod nunc aequissimum iudicatur uel puniri improbos uel remun]>i probos quos ad alt]utrum non propria mittit uoluntas1 s$ futuri cogit c]ta necessitas4 ,nec uitia igitur nec uirtutes quidquam fu]9t1 s$ omnium m]itorum potius mixta atque indiscreta confusio4 ,quoque nihil scel]atius excogit>i pote/1 cum ex pr\id5tia r]um omnis ordo ducatur nihilque consiliis liceat humanis1 fit ut uitia quoque no/ra ad bonorum omnium ref]antur auctorem4 ,igitur nec sp]&i aliquid nec deprec&i ulla ratio e/4 ,quid enim uel sp]et quisque uel etiam deprecetur1 qu&o opt&a omnia s]ies indeflexa conectit8 ,auf]etur igitur unicum illud int] hom9es deumque comm]cium sp]&i scilicet ac deprec&i4 ,si quidem iu/ae humilitatis pretio inae/imabilem uicem diu9ae gratiae prom]emur1 qui solus modus e/ quo cum deo colloqui hom9es posse uideantur illique inaccessae luci prius quoque quam impetr5t ipsa supplic&i ratione coniungi4 ,quae si recepta futurorum necessitate nihil uirium hab]e cr$antur1 quid erit quo summo illi r]um pr9cipi conecti atque adha]]e possimus8 ,qu>e necesse erit humanum g5us1 uti paulo ante cantabas1 dissaeptum atque disiunctum suo fonte fatisc]e4 #aga eu5ire pr\isa codd4 meliores4 ,,iii4 ,!n ,i compla9$ t ,i 0 n[ 9 a great] confusion & m d\btful difficulty ?an be=e4 ,:at is t8 quo? %e1 = ,i already conjecture :at x is t tr\ble? !e4 ,x seeme?1 quo? ,i1 to be altoge!r impossible & repugnant t ,god =esee? all ?+s1 & t !re %\ld be any free-w4 ,= if ,god beholde? all ?+s & _c be deceiv$1 t mu/ ( necessity foll[ :i* ,8 provid5ce =esee? to be to come4 ,:]e=e1 if f et]nity he do? n only =ekn[ ! de$s ( m51 b also _! c\nsels & wills1 !re c be no free-w2 = !re is n any o!r de$ or w1 b ^? :i* ! div9e provid5ce1 t _c be deceiv$1 ha? =ese54 ,= if ?+s c be drawn aside to any o!r end ?an 0 =ekn[n1 !re w n be any firm k ( t :i* is to come1 b r an unc]ta9 op9ion1 :i* 9 my op9ion 7 impi\s to believe ( ,god4 ,nei!r d ,i all[ ( t reason ) :i* "s suppose t !y c dissolve ! difficulty ( ?is "q4 ,= !y say t no?+ is !re=e to come to pass because ,provid5ce did =esee x1 b r contr>iwise1 because x %all be1 x c\ld n be unkn[n to ,provid5ce1 & 9 ?is mann] ! necessity passes ov] to ! o!r side4 ,= x is n necess>y1 !y argue1 t ^? ?+s %\ld happ5 :i* are =ese51 b x is necess>y t ^? ?+s %\ld be =ese5 t are to come--z ?\gh our problem 7 ?is1 :i* ( !m is ! cause ( a ?+1 ! =ekn[l$ge ( ! necessity ( ?+s to come1 or ! necessity ( ! =ekn[l$ge ( ?+s to come1 & we 7 n try+ to prove t1 h[soev] ^! causes be ord]$1 ! ev5t ( ! ?+s :i* are =ekn[n is necess>y1 ev5 ?\gh ! =ekn[l$ge seeme? n to conf] necessity ( be+ ^u ! ?+s !mselves4 ,= if any man sitte? ! op9ion :i* ?9ke? s mu/ ne$s be true1 & aga9 on ! o!r side1 if ! op9ion t "o sitte? be true1 he mu/ ne$s sit4 ,:]e=e1 !re is necessity 9 bo?1 9 ! "o ( sitt+ & 9 ! o!r ( tru?4 ,b "o sitte? n because ! op9ion is true1 b r ?is is true because "o ha? tak5 8 seat4 ,s t ?\gh ! cause ( tru? proce$e? f "o "p1 yet !re is a common necessity 9 bo?4 ,& ! l is to be inf]r$ ( ,provid5ce & future ?+s4 ,= ev5 ?\gh !y be =ese5 because !y %all be1 yet !y d n come to pass because !y are =ese51 not)/&+ x is necess>y t ei!r ?+s to come be =ese5 by ,god1 or t ?+s =ese5 d fall out1 :i* alone is suffici5t to ov]?r[ free-w4 ,b see h[ prepo/]\s x is t ! ev5t ( temporal ?+s %\ld be said to be ! cause ( ! ev]la/+ =ekn[l$ge6 ,& :at else is x to ?9k t ,god do? !re=e =esee future ?+s1 because !y are to happ51 ?an to affirm t ^? ?+s :i* happ5$ long s9ce1 are ! cause ( t sov]eign provid5ce8 ,fur!rmore1 z :5 ,i "k any?+ to be1 x mu/ ne$s be2 s :5 ,i "k t any?+ %all be1 x mu/ ne$s be to come4 ,& s x foll[e? t ! ev5t ( a ?+ =ekn[n _c be avoid$4 ,f9ally1 if any man ?9ke? o!rwise ?an ! ?+ is1 t is n only no k1 b x is a deceitful op9ion f> f ! tru? ( k2 :]e=e1 if any?+ is to be 9 su* sort t ! ev5t ( x is n c]ta9 or necess>y1 h[ c t be =ekn[n t x %all happ58 ,= z k is )\t mixture ( falsity1 s t :i* is conceiv$ by x _c be o!rwise ?an x is conceiv$4 ,= ?is is ! cause :y k is )\t deceit1 because ev]y?+ mu/ ne$s be s z ! k appreh5de? x to be4 ,:at !n8 ,h[ do? ,god =ekn[ t ^! unc]ta9 ?+s %all be8 ,= if ,he judge? t ^? ?+s %all happ5 inevitably1 :i* x is possible %all n happ51 ,he is deceiv$1 :i* is n only impi\s to ?9k1 b also to speak4 ,b if ,he suppose? t !y %all happ5 9 su* sort z !y are1 s t ,he kn[e? t !y may equally be done & n be done1 :at =ekn[l$ge is ?is :i* compreh5de? no c]ta9 or /able ?+8 ,or 9 :at is ?is bett] ?an t ridicul\s prophecy ( ,tiresias ,:atsoev] ,i say %all ei!r be or n be#agb8 or 9 :at %all ! div9e provid5ce exce$ human op9ion1 if1 z m51 ,god judge? ^? ?+s to be unc]ta9 ! ev5t ( :i* is d\btful8 ,b if no?+ c be unc]ta9 to t mo/ c]ta9 f\nta9 ( all ?+s1 ! occurr5ce ( ^? ?+s is c]ta91 :i* ,he do? c]ta9ly "k %all be4 ,:]e=e !re is no fre$om 9 human c\nsels & actions1 :i* ! div9e m9d1 =esee+ all ?+s )\t error or falsehood1 tie? & b9de? to "o ev5t4 ,:i* once admitt$1 x is evid5t :at ru9 ( human affairs w ensue4 ,= 9 va9 are rew>ds & puni%m5ts propos$ to good & evil1 :i* no free & volunt>y motion ( _! m9ds ha? des]v$4 ,& t w seem mo/ unju/ :i* is n[ judg$ mo/ j1 t ei!r ! wick$ %\ld be puni%$ or ! good rew>d$1 s9ce _! own w leade? !m to nei!r1 b !y are compell$ by ! c]ta9 necessity ( t :i* is to come4 ,by :i* means virtues & vices %all be no?+1 b r !re w foll[ a mix$ confusion ( all des]ts4 ,&--?an :i* !re c be no?+ inv5t$ m impi\s--s9ce t all ord] ( ?+s proce$e? f ,provid5ce1 & human c\nsels c d no?+1 x foll[e? t our vices also %all be ref]r$ to ! au?or ( goodness4 ,:]e=e !re is no means left to hope or pray = any?+1 s9ce an unflexible c\rse connecte? all ?+s t c be desir$6 ,:]e=e t only traffic betwixt ,god & m5 ( hope & pray] %all be tak5 away3 if inde$ by ! price ( j humility we des]ve ! une/imable b5efit ( ,god's grace2 = ?is is ! only mann] by :i* x seeme? t m5 may talk ) ,god1 & by ! v mann] ( supplication be jo9$ to t inaccessible light be=e !y obta9 any?+2 :i* if by ! admitt+ ! necessity ( future ?+s1 !y be ?\ght to h no =ce1 by :at %all we be unit$ & cleave to t ,sov]eign ,pr9ce ( all ?+s8 ,:]e=e mank9d mu/ ne$s 7z ?\ saide/ 9 ?y v]se a little be=e71 be+ sep>at$ & sev]$ f its s\rce1 fail & fall away4 #agb ,hor4 ,sat4 ii4 #e4 #ei4 ,,iii4 ,qua5am discors fo$]a r]um ,causa resoluit8 ,quis tanta deus ,v]is /atuit bella duobus1 ,vt quae c>ptim s+ula con/5t ,eadem nol9t mixta iug>i8 #e ,an nulla e/ discordia u]is ,semp]que sibi c]ta coha]5t8 ,s$ m5s caecis obruta membris ,nequit oppressi lum9is igne ,r]um t5ues nosc]e nexus4 #aj ,s$ cur tanto flagrat amore ,v]i tectas rep]ire notas8 ,scitne quod appetit anxia nosse8 ,s$ quis nota scire laborat8 ,at si nescit1 quid caeca petit8 #ae ,quis enim quidquam nescius optet ,aut quis ualeat nescita sequi8 ,qu\e inu5iat1 quisque#agc rep]tam ,queat ign>us nosc]e =mam8 ,an cum m5tem c]n]et altam1 #bj ,p>it] summam et s+ula norat8 ,nunc membrorum condita nube ,non 9 totum e/ oblita sui ,summamque t5et s+ula p]d5s4 ,igitur quisquis u]a requirit1 #be ,neutro e/ habitu2 nam neque n\it ,nec p5itus tam5 omnia nescit1 ,s$ quam ret95s mem9it summam ,consulit alte uisa retractans1 ,vt s]uatis queat oblitas #cj ,add]e p>tes4 #agc quisque codex ,bamb]g5sis s4 xi43 quis codd4 meliores4 ,,iii4 ,:at cause ( discord breaks ! b&s ( love8 ,:at ,god betwe5 two tru?s su* w>s do? move8 ,t ?+s :i* sev]ally well settl$ be ,yet jo9$ 9 "o w nev] fri5dly prove8 ,or 9 true ?+s c we no discord see1 ,because all c]ta9ties d /ill agree8 ,b our dull s\l1 cov]$ ) memb]s bl9d1 ,kn[s n ! secret laws :i* ?+s d b9d1 ,by ! dr[n$ light ( h] oppress$ fire4 ,:y !n1 ! hidd5 notes ( ?+s to f9d1 ,do? %e ) su* a love ( tru? desire8 ,if %e kn[s t :i* %e do? s require1 ,:y wi%e? %e kn[n ?+s to "k aga98 ,if %e kn[s n1 :y /rives %e ) bl9d pa98 ,:o aft] ?+s unkn[n w /rive to g8 ,or w su* ignorant pursuit ma9ta98 ,h[ %all %e f9d !m out8 ,or hav+ s1 ,h[ %all %e !n _! =ms & natures "k8 ,because ?is s\l ! highe/ m9d did view1 ,mu/ we ne$s say t x all nature knew8 ,n[ %e1 ?\gh cl\ds ( fle% d h] deb>1 ,=gets n all t 0 h] anci5t due1 ,b 9 h] m9d "s g5]al motions are1 ,?\gh n ! skill ( ?+s p>ticul>4 ,he t seeks tru? 9 nei!r c\rse do? fall2 ,n kn[+ all1 nor ignorant ( all1 ,he m>ke? g5]al ?+s :i* he reta9s1 ,& matt]s se5 on high do? back recall1 ,& ?+s =gott5 to 8 m9d rega9s1 ,& jo9s !m to t "p :i* !re rema9s4 ,,iv4 ,tum illa3 ,vetus1 inquit1 haec e/ de pr\id5tia qu]ela ,m>coque ,tullio1 cum diu9ationem di/ribuit1 uehem5t] agitata tibique ipsi res diu prorsus multumque quaesita1 s$ haud quaquam ab ullo ue/rum hact5us satis dilig5t] ac firmit] exp$ita4 ,cuius calig9is causa e/1 quod humanae ratioc9ationis motus ad diu9ae praesci5tiae simplicitatem non pote/ adm\]i1 quae si ullo modo cogit>i queat1 nihil prorsus rel9quetur ambigui4 ,quod ita demum patefac]e atque exp$ire temptabo1 si prius ea quibus m\]is exp5d]o4 ,qua]o enim1 cur illam solu5tium rationem m9us efficacem putes1 quae quia praesci5tiam non esse futuris rebus causam necessitatis exi/imat1 nihil imp$iri praesci5tia arbitrii lib]tatem putat4 ,num enim tu aliunde argum5tum futurorum necessitatis trahis1 nisi quod ea quae praesciuntur non eu5ire non possunt8 ,si igitur pra5otio nullam futuris rebus adicit necessitatem1 quod tu etiam paulo ante fateb>e1 quid e/ quod uolunt>ii exitus r]um ad c]tum cogantur eu5tum8 ,et5im positionis gratia1 ut quid consequatur adu]tas1 /atuamus nullam esse praesci5tiam4 ,num igitur quantum ad hoc att9et1 quae ex arbitrio eu5iunt ad necessitatem cogantur8 ,m9ime4 ,/atuamus it]um esse1 s$ nihil rebus necessitatis iniung]e2 manebit ut op9or eadem uoluntatis integra atque absoluta lib]tas4 ,s$ praesci5tia1 inquies1 tametsi futuris eu5i5di necessitas non e/1 signum tam5 e/ necess>io ea esse u5tura4 ,hoc igitur modo1 etiam si praecognitio non fuisset1 necess>ios futurorum exitus esse con/>et4 ,omne et5im signum tantum quid sit o/5dit1 non u]o efficit quod designat4 ,qu>e demon/r&um prius e/ nihil non ex necessitate cont+]e1 ut pra5otionem signum esse huius necessitatis app>eat4 ,alioqu9 si haec nulla e/1 ne illa quidem eius rei signum pot]it esse quae non e/4 ,iam u]o probationem firma ratione subnixam con/at non ex signis neque petitis extr9secus argum5tis s$ ex conu5i5tibus necess>iisque causis esse duc5dam4 ,s$ qui fi]i pote/ ut ea non pr\5iant quae futura esse pr\id5tur8 ,quasi u]o nos ea quae pr\id5tia futura esse pra5oscit non esse eu5tura cr$amus ac non illud potius arbitremur1 licet eu5iant1 nihil tam5 ut eu5ir5t sui natura necessitatis habuisse2 quod h9c facile p]p5das licebit4 ,plura et5im dum fiunt subiecta oculis intuemur1 ut ea quae 9 quadrigis mod]&is atque flect5dis fac]e spectantur aurigae atque ad hunc modum cet]a4 ,num igitur quidquam illorum ita fi]i necessitas ulla compellit8 ,m9ime4 ,fru/ra enim esset artis effectus1 si omnia coacta m\]5tur4 ,quae igitur cum fiunt c>5t exsi/5di necessitate1 eadem prius quam fiant s9e necessitate futura sunt4 ,qu>e sunt qua$am eu5tura quorum exitus ab omni necessitate sit absolutus4 ,nam illud quidem nullum arbitror esse dicturum1 quod quae nunc fiunt1 prius quam fi]5t1 eu5tura non fu]9t4 ,haec igitur etiam praecognita lib]os hab5t eu5tus4 ,nam sicut sci5tia praes5tium r]um nihil 8 quae fiunt1 ita praesci5tia futurorum nihil 8 quae u5tura sunt necessitatis importat4 ,s$ hoc1 inquis1 ipsum dubitatur1 an e>um r]um quae necess>ios exitus non hab5t ulla possit esse pra5otio4 ,disson>e et5im uid5tur putasque si praeuideantur consequi necessitatem1 si necessitas desit m9ime praesciri nihilque sci5tia compreh5di posse nisi c]tum2 quod si quae inc]ti sunt exitus ea quasi c]ta pr\id5tur1 op9ionis id esse calig9em non sci5tiae u]itatem4 ,alit] enim ac sese res habeat arbitr>i ab integritate sci5tiae cr$is esse diu]sum4 ,cuius erroris causa e/1 quod omnia quae quisque n\it ex ipsorum tantum ui atque natura cognosci ae/imat quae sciuntur2 quod totum contra e/ ,omne enim quod cognoscitur non secundum sui uim s$ secundum cognosc5tium potius compreh5ditur facultatem4 ,nam ut hoc breui liqueat exemplo1 e&em corporis rotunditatem alit] uisus alit] tactus agnoscit4 ,ille em9us man5s totum simul iactis radiis intuetur2 hic u]o coha]5s orbi atque coniunctus circa ipsum motus ambitum rotunditatem p>tibus compreh5dit4 ,ipsum quoque hom9em alit] s5sus1 alit] imag9atio1 alit] ratio1 alit] intelleg5tia contuetur4 ,s5sus enim figuram 9 subiecta mat]ia con/itutam1 imag9atio u]o solam s9e mat]ia iudicat figuram4 ,ratio u]o hanc quoque transc5dit speciemque ipsam quae s+ul>ibus ine/ uniu]sali consid]atione p]p5dit4 ,intelleg5tiae u]o celsior oculus exsi/it2 sup]gressa namque uniu]sitatis ambitum ipsam illam simplicem =mam pura m5tis acie contuetur4 ,9 quo illud maxime consid]&um e/3 nam sup]ior compreh5d5di uis amplectitur inf]iorem1 inf]ior u]o ad sup]iorem nullo modo consurgit4 ,neque enim s5sus aliquid extra mat]iam ualet uel uniu]sales species imag9atio contuetur uel ratio capit simplicem =mam1 s$ intelleg5tia quasi desup] spectans concepta =ma quae subsunt etiam cuncta diiudicat1 s$ eo modo quo =mam ipsam1 quae nulli alii nota esse pot]at1 compreh5dit4 ,nam et rationis uniu]sum et imag9ationis figuram et mat]iale s5sibile cognoscit nec ratione ut5s nec imag9atione nec s5sibus1 s$ illo uno ictu m5tis =malit]1 ut ita dicam1 cuncta prospici5s4 ,ratio quoque cum quid uniu]sale respicit1 nec imag9atione nec s5sibus ut5s imag9abilia uel s5sibilia compreh5dit4 ,haec e/ enim quae conceptionis suae uniu]sale ita def9iuit3 homo e/ animal bipes rationale4 ,quae cum uniu]salis notio sit1 tum imag9abilem s5sibilemque esse rem nullus ignorat1 quod illa non imag9atione uel s5su s$ 9 rationali conceptione consid]at4 ,imag9atio quoque tametsi ex s5sibus uis5di =m&ique figuras sumpsit exordium1 s5su tam5 abs5te s5sibilia quaeque conlu/rat non s5sibili s$ imag9>ia ratione iudic&i4 ,videsne igitur ut 9 cognosc5do cuncta sua potius facultate quam eorum quae cognoscuntur utantur8 ,neque id iniuria2 nam cum omne iudicium iudicantis actus exsi/at1 necesse e/ ut suam quisque op]am non ex ali5a s$ ex propria pote/ate p]ficiat4 ,,iv4 ,?is1 quo? %e1 is an anci5t compla9t ( provid5ce1 vehem5tly pursu$ by ,m>cus ,tullius 9 8 ,di/ribution ( ,div9ation1#agd & a ?+ :i* ?\ ?yself ha/ made great & long se>* aft]4 ,b hi!rto none ( y h us$ suffici5t dilig5ce & vig\r 9 ! explication !re(4 ,! cause ( :i* obscurity is = t ! motion ( human disc\rse _c atta9 to ! simplicity ( ! div9e k1 :i* if by any means we c\ld conceive1 !re w\ld n rema9 any d\bt at all2 :i* ,i w endeav\r to make manife/ & pla9 :5 ,i h fir/ explicat$ t :i* move? !e4 ,= ,i dem& :y ?\ ?9ke/ _! solution unsuffici5t1 :o ?9k t free-w is n h9d]$ by =ekn[l$ge1 because !y suppose t =ekn[l$ge is n ! cause ( any necessity 9 ?+s to come4 ,= fet*e/ ?\ any pro( = ! necessity ( future ?+s f any o!r pr9ciple1 b only f ?is1 t ^? ?+s :i* are =ekn[n _c *oose b happ58 ,:]e=e if =ekn[l$ge impose? no necessity ^u future ev5ts1 :i* ?\ did/ grant n long be=e1 :y %\ld volunt>y actions be ti$ to any c]ta9 success8 ,= example's sake1 t ?\ maye/ see :at w foll[1 let u suppose t !re 7 no provid5ce or =esight at all4 ,w\ld ^? ?+s :i* proce$ f free-w be compell$ to any necessity by ?is means8 ,no4 ,aga91 let u grant x to be1 b t x impose? no necessity ^u any?+2 no d\bt ! same fre$om ( w w rema9 :ole & absolute4 ,b ?\ wilt say1 ev5 ?\gh =ekn[l$ge be n a necessity = ?+s to happ51 yet x is a sign t !y %all necess>ily come to pass4 ,:]e=e n[1 ev5 if !re _h be5 no =ekn[l$ge1 ! ev5ts ( future ?+s w\ld h be5 necess>y4 ,= all signs only %[ :at is1 b cause n t :i* !y design4 ,& consequ5tly x mu/ fir/ be prov$ t all ?+s fall out by necessity1 t x may appe> t =ekn[l$ge is a sign ( ?is necessity4 ,= o!rwise1 if !re be no necessity1 nei!r c =ekn[l$ge be ! sign ( t :i* is n4 ,besides x is manife/ t e firm pro( mu/ be drawn f intr9sical & necess>y causes & n f signs & o!r f>fet*$ argum5ts4 ,b h[ is x possible ^? ?+s %\ld n happ5 :i* are =ese5 to be to come8 ,z ?\gh we did believe t ^? ?+s w n be :i* provid5ce ha? =ekn[n & d n r judge t al?\gh !y happ51 yet by _! own nature !y _h no necessity ( be+1 :i* ?\ maye/ easily ga!r h5ce4 ,= we see _m ?+s ) our eyes :ile !y are 9 do+1 z ^? ?+s :i* ! coa*m5 d :ile !y drive & turn _! coa*es & 9 l mann] o!r ?+s4 ,n[ do? necessity compel any ( ^! ?+s to be done 9 ?is sort8 ,no4 ,= 9 va9 %\ld art lab\r if all ?+s 7 mov$ by compulsion4 ,:]e=e1 z ^! ?+s are )\t necessity :5 !y are 9 do+1 s likewise !y are to come )\t necessity be=e !y be done4 ,& consequ5tly !re are "s ?+s to come ^: ev5t is free f all necessity4 ,= ,i suppose no man w say t ^? ?+s :i* are done n[ 7 n to come be=e !y 7 done4 ,:]e=e ^! ?+s ev5 be+ =ese5 come freely to effect4 ,= z ! k ( ?+s pres5t cause? no necessity 9 ?+s :i* are 9 do+1 s nei!r ! =ekn[l$ge 9 ?+s to come4 ,b ?\ wilt say3 ,?is is ! "q1 :e!r !re c be any =ekn[l$ge ( ^? ?+s ^: ev5ts are n necess>y4 ,= ^! ?+s seem opposite1 & ?\ ?9ke/ t1 if future ?+s be =ese51 !re foll[e? necessity1 if !re be no necessity1 t !y t are n =ekn[n1 & t no?+ c be p]fectly kn[n unless x be c]ta94 ,b if unc]ta9 ev5ts be =ese5 z c]ta91 x is manife/ t ?is is ! obscurity ( op9ion & n ! tru? ( k4 ,= ?\ ?9ke/ x to be f> f ! integrity ( k to judge o!rwise ?an ! ?+ is4 ,! cause ( :i* error is because ?\ ?9ke/ t all t is kn[n is kn[n only by ! =ce & nature ( ! ?+s !mselves1 :i* is altoge!r o!rwise4 ,= all t is kn[n is n compreh5d$ accord+ to ! =ce :i* x ha? 9 itself1 b r accord+ to ! faculty ( !m :i* "k x4 ,= to explicate x ) a brief example3 ! sight & ! feel+ d div]sely disc]n ! same r\ndness ( a die4 ,! sight /&+ alo( beholde? x altoge!r by 8 beams2 b ! feel+ unit$ & jo9$ to ! orb1 be+ mov$ ab\t ! compass ( x1 compreh5de? ! r\ndness by p>ts4 ,likewise s5se1 imag9ation1 reason & und]/&+ d div]sely behold a man4 ,= s5se looke? ^u 8 =m z x is plac$ 9 matt] or subject1 ! imag9ation disc]ne? x alone )\t matt]1 reason passe? beyond ?is also & consid]e? univ]sally ! species or k9d :i* is 9 p>ticul>s4 ,! eye ( ! und]/&+ is high] yet4 ,= surpass+ ! compass ( ! :ole _w x beholde? ) ! cle> eye ( ! m9d t simple =m 9 itself4 ,9 :i* t is *iefly to be consid]$1 t ! sup]ior =ce ( compreh5d+ embrace? ! inf]ior2 b ! inf]ior c by no means atta9 to ! sup]ior2 = ! s5se ha? no =ce out ( matt]1 nei!r do? ! imag9ation conceive univ]sal species1 nor is reason capable ( ! simple =m1 b ! und]/&+1 z x 7 look+ d[nw>d1 hav+ conceiv$ t =m1 disc]ne? ( all ?+s :i* are "u x1 b 9 t sort 9 :i* x appreh5de? t =m :i* c be kn[n by none ( ! o!r4 ,= x kn[e? ! univ]sality ( reason1 & ! figure ( imag9ation1 & ! mat]iality ( s5se1 nei!r us+ reason1 nor imag9ation1 nor s5ses1 b z x 7 =mally behold+ all ?+s ) t "o tw9kl+ ( ! m9d4 ,likewise reason1 :5 x consid]e? any univ]sality1 compreh5de? bo? imag9ation & s5sible ?+s )\t ! use ( ei!r imag9ation or s5ses4 ,= %e def9e? ! univ]sality ( h] conceit ?us3 ,man is a reasonable1 two-foot$1 liv+ creature1 :i* be+ an univ]sal k1 no man is ignorant t x is an imag9able & s5sible ?+1 :i* %e consid]e? by a reasonable conceiv+ & n by imag9ation or s5se4 ,imag9ation also1 al?\gh x began by ! s5ses ( see+ & =m+ figures1 yet :5 s5se is abs5t x beholde? s5sible ?+s1 n aft] a s5sible1 b aft] an imag9>y mann] ( k4 ,see/ ?\ n[ h[ all ^! 9 kn[+ d r use _! own =ce & faculty ?an ! =ce ( ^? ?+s :i* are kn[n8 ,nor undes]v$ly2 = s9ce all judgm5t is ! act ( him :o judge?1 x is necess>y t e "o %\ld p]fect 8 op]ation by 8 own p[] & n by ! =ce ( any o!r4 #agd ,de diu91 ii4 ,,iv4 ,quondam porticus attulit ,obscuros nimium s5es ,qui s5sus et imag9es ,e corporibus extimis ,cr$ant m5tibus imprimi1 #e ,vt quondam cel]i /ilo ,mos e/ aequore pag9ae1 ,quae nullas habeat notas1 ,pressas fig]e litt]as4 ,s$ m5s si propriis uig5s #aj ,nihil motibus explicat1 ,s$ tantum pati5s iacet ,notis subdita corporum ,cassasque 9 speculi uicem ,r]um r$dit imag9es1 #ae ,vnde haec sic animis uiget ,c]n5s omnia notio8 ,quae uis s+ula p]spicit ,aut quae cognita diuidit8 ,quae diuisa recolligit #bj ,alt]numque leg5s it] ,nunc summis caput ins]it1 ,nunc dec$it 9 infima1 ,tum sese ref]5s sibi ,v]is falsa r$>guit8 #be ,haec e/ effici5s magis ,longe causa pot5tior ,quam quae mat]iae modo ,impressas patitur notas4 ,praec$it tam5 excitans #cj ,ac uires animi m\5s ,viuo 9 corpore passio4 ,cum uel lux oculos f]it ,vel uox auribus in/repit1 ,tum m5tis uigor excitus #ce ,quas intus species t5et ,ad motus similes uocans ,notis applicat ext]is ,introrsumque reconditis ,=mis miscet imag9es4 #dj ,,iv4 ,cl\dy old prophets ( ! ,por*#age once taught ,t s5se & %ape pres5t$ to ! ?\ght ,f outw>d objects _! impression take1 ,z :5 ^u a pap] smoo? & pla9 ,on :i* z yet no m>ks ( ink h la9 ,we ) a nimble p5 d lett]s make4 ,b if our m9ds to no?+ c apply ,_! prop] motions1 b d pati5t lie ,subject to =ms :i* d f bodies fl[1 ,z a glass r5d]s empty#agf %apes ( ?+s1 ,:o !n c %[ f :5ce t motion spr+s ,by =ce ( :i* ! m9d all ?+s do? "k8 ,or by :at skill are sev]al ?+s espi$8 ,& be+ kn[n :at p[] do? !m divide1 ,& ?us divid$ do? aga9 unite1 ,& ) a v>i\s j\rney (t aspires ,to highe/ ?+s1 & (t aga9 retires ,to base/1 no?+ be+ out ( sight1 ,& :5 %e back unto h]self do? move1 ,do? all ! falsehoods by ! tru? reprove8 ,?is vig\r ne$s mu/ be an active cause1 ,& ) m p[]ful =ces mu/ be deckt1 ,?an t :i* f ^? =ms1 t d reflect ,f outw>d matt]1 all h] virtue draws4 ,& yet 9 liv+ bodies passion's might ,do? g be=e1 ^: (fice is to incite1 ,& ! fir/ motions 9 ! m9d to make4 ,z :5 ! light unto our eyes appe>s1 ,or "s l\d voice is s\nd$ 9 our e>s1 ,!n do? ! /r5g? ( ! dull m9d awake ,^? phantasies :i* %e reta9s )92 ,%e /irre? up su* notions to beg91 ,^: objects ) _! natures be/ agree1 ,& ?us apply+ !m to outw>d ?+s1 ,%e jo9s ! ext]nal %apes :i* !nce %e br+s ,) =ms :i* 9 h]self includ$ be4 #age ,! ,por*1 i4e4 ! ,pa9t$ ,por* 7,greek3 /oa poikilae7 at ,a!ns1 ! great hall adorn$ ) frescoes ( ! battle ( ,m>a?on1 :i* s]v$ z lecture-room to ,z5o1 ! f\nd] ( ! ,/oic sect4 #agf ,cf4 ,qu9 potius noscas r]um simulacra uag>i ,multa modis multis nulla ui cassaque s5su4 ,b r y are to "k t idols or ?+s w&] ab\t _m 9 numb] 9 _m ways1 ( no =ce1 p[]less to excite s5se4--,lucr4 iv4 #abg1 #abh 7trans4 ,munro74 ,v4 ,quod si 9 corporibus s5ti5dis1 quamuis afficiant in/rum5ta s5suum =9secus obiectae qualitates animique ag5tis uigorem passio corporis antec$at quae 9 se actum m5tis pr\ocet excitetque int]im quiesc5tes intr9secus =mas1 si 9 s5ti5dis1 inquam1 corporibus animus non passione insignitur1 s$ ex sua ui subiectam corpori iudicat passionem1 quanto magis ea quae cunctis corporum affectionibus absoluta sunt1 9 disc]n5do non obiecta extr9secus sequuntur1 s$ actum suae m5tis exp$iunt8 ,hac itaque ratione multiplices cognitiones diu]sis ac diff]5tibus cess]e sub/antiis4 ,s5sus enim solus cunctis aliis cognitionibus de/itutus immobilibus animantibus cessit quales sunt con*ae m>is quaeque alia saxis ha]5tia nutriuntur1 imag9atio u]o mobilibus beluis quibus iam inesse fugi5di appet5diue aliquis uidetur affectus1 ratio u]o humani tantum g5]is e/ sicut intelleg5tia sola diu9i4 ,quo fit ut ea notitia cet]is prae/et quae suapte natura non modo proprium s$ cet]>um quoque notiti>um subiecta cognoscit4 ,quid igitur1 si ratioc9ationi s5sus imag9atioque refrag5tur1 nihil esse illud uniu]sale dic5tes quod sese intu]i ratio putet8 ,quod enim s5sibile uel imag9abile e/1 id uniu]sum esse non posse2 aut igitur rationis u]um esse iudicium nec quidquam esse s5sibile1 aut quoniam sibi notum sit plura s5sibus et imag9ationi esse subiecta1 inanem conceptionem esse rationis quae quod s5sibile sit ac s+ul>e quasi quiddam uniu]sale consid]et4 ,ad haec1 si ratio contra respondeat se quidem et quod s5sibile et quod imag9abile sit 9 uniu]sitatis ratione conspic]e1 illa u]o ad uniu]sitatis cognitionem adspir>e non posse1 quoniam eorum notio corporales figuras non possit exc$]e1 de r]um u]o cognitione firmiori potius p]fectiorique iudicio esse cr$5dum1 9 huiusmodi igitur lite nos quibus tam ratioc9&i quam imag9&i etiam s5ti5dique uis ine/ nonne rationis potius causam prob>emus8 ,simile e/ quod humana ratio diu9am intelleg5tiam futura1 nisi ut ipsa cognoscit1 non putat intu]i4 ,nam ita diss]is3 ,si qua c]tos ac necess>ios hab]e non uideantur eu5tus1 ea c]to eu5tura praesciri nequeunt4 ,h>um igitur r]um nulla e/ praesci5tia1 quam si etiam 9 8 esse cr$amus1 nihil erit quod non ex necessitate pr\5iat4 ,si igitur uti rationis p>ticipes sumus ita diu9ae iudicium m5tis hab]e possemus1 sicut imag9ationem s5sumque rationi c$]e oport]e iudicauimus1 sic diu9ae sese m5ti humanam submitt]e rationem iu/issimum c5s]emus4 ,qu>e 9 illius summae intelleg5tiae cacum51 si possumus1 erigamur2 illic enim ratio uidebit quod 9 se non pote/ intu]i1 id autem e/1 quonam modo etiam quae c]tos exitus non hab5t1 c]ta tam5 uideat ac def9ita pra5otio neque id sit op9io s$ summae potius sci5tiae nullis t]m9is inclusa simplicitas4 ,v4 ,& if 9 s5ti5t bodies1 al?\gh ! qualities ( outw>d objects d move ! organs ( s5se1 & ! passion ( ! body goe? be=e ! vig\r ( ! active m9d1 provok+ h] action to itself & excit+ ! inw>d =ms :i* be=e lay quiet2 if1 ,i say1 9 p]ceiv+ ^! corporal objects ! m9d take? n h] impression f passion1 b by h] own =ce judge? ( ! passion itself1 :i* is object$ to ! body2 h[ mu* m d ^? p[]s ex]cise ! action ( _! m9d & n only foll[ ! outw>d objects 9 _! judgm5t1 :i* are free f all affections ( ! body8 ,:]e=e 9 ?is sort h div]se & diff]5t sub/ances kn[l$ges ( _m k9ds4 ,= only s5se de/itute ( all o!r means ( k is 9 ^? liv+ creatures :i* are unmovable1 z "s %ell-fi% & o!r :i* /ick to /ones & s are n\ri%$2 & imag9ation 9 movable bea/s :o seem to h "s p[] to covet & fly4 ,b reason belonge? only to mank9d1 z und]/&+ to ?+s div9e4 ,s t t k is mo/ excell5t :i* ( itself do? n only "k h] own object1 b also ^? :i* belong to o!rs4 ,:at !n1 if s5se & imag9ation repugn to disc\rse & reason1 affirm+ t univ]sality to be no?+ :i* reason ?9ke? h]self to see8 ,= t _c be univ]sal1 !y argue1 :i* is ei!r s5sible or imag9able2 :]e=e ei!r ! judgm5t ( reason mu/ be true & no?+ at all s5sible1 or because !y "k t _m ?+s are subject to ! s5ses & imag9ation1 ! conceit ( reason is va91 :i* consid]e? t :i* is s5sible & s+ul> z if x 7 univ]sal4 ,moreov] if reason %\ld answ] t %e beholde? 9 h] univ]sality all t :i* is s5sible or imag9able1 b !y _c aspire to ! k ( univ]sality1 because _! k _c surpass corporal figures & %apes1 & t we mu/ give m cr$it to ! firm] & m p]fect judgm5t ab\t ! k ( ?+s1 9 ?is cont5tion %\ld n we1 :o h ! p[] ( disc\rs+ z well z ( imag9ation & s5se1 r take reason's "p8 ,! v l happ5e? :5 human reason do? n ?9k t ! div9e und]/&+ do? behold future ?+s o!rwise ?an %e h]self do?4 ,= ?us ?\ argue/3 ,if any ?+s seem n to h c]ta9 & necess>y ev5ts1 !y _c be c]ta9ly =ekn[n to be to come4 ,:]e=e !re is no =ekn[l$ge ( ^! ?+s1 & if we ?9k t !re is any1 !re %all be no?+ :i* happ5e? n ( necessity4 ,if1 !re=e1 z we are endu$ ) reason1 we c\ld likewise h ! judgm5t prop] to ! div9e m9d1 z we h judg$ t imag9ation & s5se mu/ yield to reason1 s likewise we w\ld ?9k x mo/ reasonable & j t human reason %\ld submit h]self to ! div9e m9d4 ,:]e=e let u be lift$ up z mu* z we c to t height ( ! highe/ m9d2 = !re reason %all see t :i* %e _c behold 9 h]self4 ,& t is1 h[ a c]ta9 & def9ite =ekn[l$ge see? ev5 ^? ?+s :i* h no c]ta9 issue1 & t ?is is no op9ion1 b r ! simplicity ( ! highe/ k enclos$ )9 no b\nds4 ,v4 ,quam u>iis t]ras animalia p]meant figuris6 ,namque alia ext5to sunt corpore pulu]emque u]runt ,cont9uumque trahunt ui pectoris incitata sulcum ,sunt quibus al>um leuitas uaga u]b]etque u5tos ,et liquido longi spatia ae!ris enatet uolatu1 #e ,haec pressisse solo ue/igia gressibusque gaud5t ,vel uirides campos transmitt]e uel subire siluas4 ,quae u>iis uideas licet omnia discrep>e =mis1 ,prona tam5 facies hebetes ualet +rau>e s5sus4 ,vnica g5s hom9um celsum leuat altius cacum5 #aj ,atque leuis recto /at corpore despicitque t]ras4 ,haec nisi t]r5us male desipis1 admonet figura1 ,qui recto caelum uultu petis exs]isque frontem1 ,9 sublime f]as animum quoque1 ne grauata pessum ,inf]ior sidat m5s corpore celsius leuata4 #ae ,v4 ,:at sev]al figures ?+s t live ^u ! e>? d keep6 ,"s h _! bodies /ret*$ 9 l5g? by :i* ! du/ !y sweep ,& d cont9ual furr[s make :ile on _! brea/s !y creep4 ,"s lightly so>+ up on high ) w+s ! w9d d smite ,& ?r\gh ! longe/ airy space pass ) an easy flight4 ,"s by _! paces to impr9t ! gr\nd ) /eps delight1 ,:i* ?r\gh ! pleasant fields d pass or to ! woods d g1 ,^: sev]al =ms ?\gh to our eyes !y d a diff]5ce %[1 ,yet by _! looks ca/ d[n on e>? _! s5ses heavy gr[4 ,m5 only ) m /ately %ape to high] objects rise1 ,:o ) erect$ bodies /& & d ! e>? despise4 ,^! figures w>n 7if bas] ?\ghts bl9d n ?9e e>?ly eyes7 ,t ?\ :o ) an upright face do/ look ^u ! sky1 ,%\ld/ also raise ?y m9d al(t1 le/ :ile ?\ be>e/ high ,?9e e>?ly head1 ?y s\l oppre/ b5ea? ?y body lie4 ,,vi4 ,quoniam igitur1 uti paulo ante mon/ratum e/1 omne quod scitur non ex sua s$ ex conpreh5d5tium natura cognoscitur1 intueamur nunc quantum fas e/1 quis sit diu9ae sub/antiae /atus1 ut qua5am etiam sci5tia eius sit1 possimus agnosc]e4 ,deum igitur aet]num esse cunctorum ratione deg5tium commune iudicium e/4 ,quid sit igitur aet]nitas consid]emus2 haec enim nobis naturam p>it] diu9am sci5tiamque patefacit4 ,aet]nitas igitur e/ int]m9abilis uitae tota simul et p]fecta possessio1 quod ex collatione temporalium cl>ius liquet4 ,nam quidquid uiuit 9 tempore id praes5s a praet]itis 9 futura proc$it nihilque e/ 9 tempore con/itutum quod totum uitae suae spatium p>it] possit amplecti4 ,s$ cra/9um quidem nondum adpreh5dit2 he/]num u]o iam p]didit2 9 hodi]na quoque uita non amplius uiuitis quam 9 illo mobili transitorioque mom5to4 ,quod igitur temporis patitur condicionem1 licet illud1 sicuti de mundo c5suit ,ari/oteles1 nec coep]it umquam esse nec des9at uitaque eius cum temporis inf9itate t5datur1 nondum tam5 tale e/ ut aet]num esse iure cr$atur4 ,non enim totum simul inf9itae licet uitae spatium compreh5dit atque complectitur1 s$ futura nondum transacta iam non habet4 ,quod igitur int]m9abilis uitae pl5itud9em totam p>it] compreh5dit ac possidet1 cui neque futuri quidquam absit nec praet]iti flux]it1 id aet]num esse iure p]hibetur1 idque necesse e/ et sui compos praes5s sibi semp] adsi/]e et inf9itatem mobilis temporis hab]e praes5tem4 ,vnde non recte quidam1 qui cum audiunt uisum ,platoni mundum hunc nec habuisse initium temporis nec habiturum esse defectum1 hoc modo conditori conditum mundum fi]i coaet]num putant4 ,aliud e/ enim p] int]m9abilem duci uitam1 quod mundo ,plato tribuit1 aliud int]m9abilis uitae totam p>it] complexum esse praes5tiam1 quod diu9ae m5tis proprium esse manife/um e/4 ,neque deus conditis rebus antiquior uid]i debet temporis quantitate s$ simplicis potius proprietate naturae4 ,hunc enim uitae immobilis praes5t>ium /atum inf9itus ille temporalium r]um motus imitatur cumque eum eff+]e atque aequ>e non possit1 ex immobilitate deficit 9 motum1 ex simplicitate praes5tiae decrescit 9 inf9itam futuri ac praet]iti quantitatem2 et cum totam p>it] uitae suae pl5itud9em nequeat possid]e1 hoc ipso quod aliquo modo numquam esse des9it2 illud quod impl]e atque exprim]e non pote/1 aliquat5us uidetur aemul>i alligans se ad qualemcumque praes5tiam huius exigui uolucrisque mom5ti1 quae1 quoniam man5tis illius praes5tiae qu&am ge/at imag9em1 quibuscumque contig]it id prae/at ut esse uideantur4 ,quoniam u]o man]e non potuit1 inf9itum temporis it] arripuit eoque modo factum e/ ut cont9u>et eundo uitam cuius pl5itud9em complecti non ualuit p]man5do4 ,itaque si digna rebus nom9a uelimus impon]e1 ,platonem sequ5tes deum quidem aet]num1 mundum u]o dicamus esse p]petuum4 ,quoniam igitur omne iudicium secundum sui naturam quae sibi subiecta sunt compreh5dit1 e/ autem deo semp] aet]nus ac praes5t>ius /atus2 sci5tia quoque eius omnem temporis sup]gressa motionem 9 suae manet simplicitate praes5tiae inf9itaque praet]iti ac futuri spatia complect5s omnia quasi iam g]antur 9 sua simplici cognitione consid]at4 ,itaque si praes5tiam p5s>e uelis qua cuncta d9oscit1 non esse praesci5tiam quasi futuri s$ sci5tiam numquam defici5tis in/antiae rectius ae/imabis2 unde non praeuid5tia s$ pr\id5tia potius dicitur1 quod porro ab rebus infimis con/ituta quasi ab excelso r]um cacum9e cuncta prospiciat4 ,quid igitur po/ulas ut necess>ia fiant quae diu9o lum9e lu/r5tur1 cum ne hom9es quidem necess>ia faciant esse quae uideant8 ,num enim quae praes5tia c]nis1 aliquam eis necessitatem tuus addit intuitus8 ,m9ime4 ,atqui si e/ diu9i humanique praes5tis digna collatio1 uti uos ue/ro hoc tempor>io praes5ti qua$am uidetis1 ita ille omnia suo c]nit aet]no4 ,qu>e haec diu9a pra5otio naturam r]um proprietatemque non mutat taliaque apud se praes5tia spectat qualia 9 tempore olim futura pr\5i5t4 ,nec r]um iudicia confundit unoque suae m5tis intuitu tam necess>ie quam non necess>ie u5tura d9oscit2 sicuti uos cum p>it] ambul>e 9 t]ra hom9em et oriri 9 caelo solem uidetis1 quamquam simul utrumque conspectum tam5 disc]nitis et hoc uolunt>ium illud esse necess>ium iudicatis1 ita igitur cuncta despici5s diu9us intuitus qualitatem r]um m9ime p]turbat apud se quidem praes5tium1 ad condicionem u]o temporis futur>um4 ,quo fit ut hoc non sit op9io s$ u]itate potius nixa cognitio1 cum ex/aturum quid esse cognoscit quod idem exsi/5di necessitate c>]e non nesciat4 ,hic si dicas quod eu5turum deus uidet id non eu5ire non posse1 quod autem non pote/ non eu5ire id ex necessitate cont+]e1 meque ad hoc nom5 necessitatis ad/r+as2 fatebor rem quidem solidissimae u]itatis s$ cui uix aliquis nisi diu9i speculator access]it4 ,respondebo namque idem futurum1 cum ad diu9am notionem ref]tur1 necess>ium1 cum u]o 9 sua natura p]p5ditur1 lib]um prorsus atque absolutum uid]i4 ,duae sunt et5im necessitates1 simplex una1 ueluti quod necesse e/ omnes hom9es esse mortales1 alt]a condicionis1 ut si aliquem ambul>e scias1 eum ambul>e necesse e/2 quod enim quisque n\it1 id esse alit] ac notum e/ nequit1 s$ haec condicio m9ime secum illam simplicem trahit4 ,hanc enim necessitatem non propria facit natura s$ condicionis adiectio2 nulla enim necessitas cogit inc$]e uoluntate gradi5tem1 quamuis eum tum cum graditur inc$]e necess>ium sit4 ,eodem igitur modo1 si quid pr\id5tia praes5s uidet1 id esse necesse e/1 tametsi nullam naturae habeat necessitatem4 ,atqui deus ea futura quae ex arbitrii lib]tate pr\5iunt praes5tia contuetur4 ,haec igitur ad intuitum relata diu9um necess>ia fiant p] condicionem diu9ae notionis2 p] se u]o consid]ata ab absoluta naturae suae lib]tate non des9unt4 ,fi5t igitur procul dubio cuncta quae futura deus esse pra5oscit1 s$ eorum qua$am de lib]o pr(iciscuntur arbitrio2 quae quamuis eu5iant1 exsi/5do tam5 naturam propriam non amittunt1 qua priusquam fi]5t etiam non eu5ire potuiss5t4 ,quid igitur ref]t non esse necess>ia1 cum propt] diu9ae sci5tiae condicionem modis omnibus necessitatis in/> eu5iet8 ,hoc scilicet quod ea quae paulo ante proposui1 sol ori5s et gradi5s homo4 ,quae dum fiunt1 non fi]i non possunt2 eorum tam5 unum prius quoque quam fi]et1 necesse erat exsi/]e1 alt]um u]o m9ime4 ,ita etiam quae praes5tia deus habet1 dubio procul exsi/5t1 s$ eorum hoc quidem de r]um necessitate desc5dit1 illud u]o de pote/ate faci5tium4 ,haud igitur iniuria diximus haec si ad diu9am notitiam ref]antur necess>ia1 si p] se consid]5tur necessitatis esse nexibus absoluta2 sicuti omne quod s5sibus patet1 si ad rationem ref]as1 uniu]sale e/1 si ad se ipsa respicias1 s+ul>e4 ',s$ si 9 mea1' inquies1 'pote/ate situm e/ mut>e propositum1 euacuabo pr\id5tiam1 cum quae illa pra5oscit =te mutau]o4' ,respondebo3 propositum te quidem tuum posse deflect]e1 s$ quoniam et id te posse et an facias qu\e conu]tas praes5s pr\id5tiae u]itas intuetur1 diu9am te praesci5tiam non posse uit>e1 sicuti praes5tis oculi effug]e non possis intuitum1 quamuis te 9 u>ias actiones lib]a uoluntate conu]t]is4 ,quid igitur inquies8 ,ex meane dispositione sci5tia diu9a mutabitur1 ut cum ego nunc hoc nunc aliud uelim1 illa quoque nosc5di uices alt]n>e uideatur8 ,m9ime4 ,omne namque futurum diu9us praecurrit intuitus et ad praes5tiam propriae cognitionis retorquet ac reuocat nec alt]nat1 ut ae/imas1 nunc hoc nunc illud pra5osc5di uice1 s$ uno ictu mutationes tuas man5s praeu5it atque complectitur4 ,quam compreh5d5di omnia uis5dique praes5tiam non ex futur>um pr\5tu r]um1 s$ ex propria deus simplicitate sortitus e/4 ,ex quo illud quoque resoluitur quod paulo ante posui/i indignum esse1 si sci5tiae dei causam futura no/ra prae/>e dicantur4 ,haec enim sci5tiae uis praes5t>ia notione cuncta complect5s rebus modum omnibus ipsa con/ituit1 nihil u]o po/]ioribus debet4 ,quae cum ita s9t1 manet intem]ata mortalibus arbitrii lib]tas nec iniquae leges solutis omni necessitate uoluntatibus praemia po5asque proponunt4 ,manet etiam spectator desup] cunctorum praescius deus uisionisque eius praes5s semp] aet]nitas cum no/rorum actuum futura qualitate concurrit bonis praemia malis supplicia disp5sans4 ,nec fru/ra sunt 9 deo positae spes precesque2 quae cum rectae sunt1 inefficaces esse non possunt4 ,au]sam9i igitur uitia1 colite uirtutes1 ad rectas spes animum subleuate1 humiles preces 9 excelsa porrigite4 ,magna uobis e/1 si dissimul>e non uultis1 necessitas indicta probitatis1 cum ante oculos agitis iudicis cuncta c]n5tis4 ,,vi4 ,see+1 !re=e1 z ha? be5 %[$1 all t is kn[n is n compreh5d$ by its own nature b by ! p[] ( him :i* compreh5de? x1 let u see n[1 z mu* z we may1 :at is ! /ate ( ! div9e sub/ance t we may also "k :at ,8 k is4 ,:]e=e x is ! common judgm5t ( all t live by reason t ,god is ev]la/+1 & !re=e let u consid] :at et]nity is4 ,= ?is decl>e? unto u bo? ! div9e nature & k4 ,et]nity !re=e is a p]fect possession altoge!r ( an endless life1 :i* is m manife/ by ! comp>ison ( temporal ?+s1 = :atsoev] live? 9 "t1 t be+ pres5t proce$e? f times pa/ to times to come1 & !re is no?+ plac$ 9 "t :i* c embrace all ! space ( its life at once4 ,b x ha? n yet atta9$ to-morr[ & ha? lo/ ye/]day4 ,& y live no m 9 ?is day's life ?an 9 t movable & transitory mom5t4 ,:]e=e1 :atsoev] suff]e? ! condition ( "t1 al?\gh1 z ,ari/otle ?\ght ( ! _w1 x nev] began nor 7 ev] to end1 & its life did endure ) inf9ite "t1 yet x is n su* t x ought to be call$ ev]la/+4 ,= x do? n compreh5d & embrace all ! space ( its life toge!r1 ?\gh t life be inf9ite1 b x ha? n ! future "t :i* is yet to come4 ,t !n :i* compreh5de? & possesse? ! :ole fulness ( an endless life toge!r1 to :i* nei!r any "p to come is abs5t1 nor ( t :i* is pa/ ha? escap$1 is wor?y to be acc\nt$ ev]la/+1 & ?is is necess>y1 t be+ no possession 9 itself1 x may always be pres5t to itself1 & h an inf9ity ( movable "t pres5t to x4 ,:]e=e !y are deceiv$ :o1 he>+ t ,plato ?\ght t ?is _w _h nei!r beg9n+ ( "t nor %\ld ev] h any end1 ?9k t by ?is means ! creat$ _w %\ld be coet]nal ) ! ,creator4 ,= x is "o ?+ to be c>ri$ ?r\gh an endless life1 :i* ,plato attribut$ to ! _w1 ano!r ?+ to embrace ! :ole pres5ce ( an endless life toge!r1 :i* is manife/ly prop] to ! div9e m9d4 ,nei!r ought ,god to seem m anci5t ?an ! ?+s creat$1 by ! quantity ( "t1 b r by ! simplicity ( ,8 div9e nature4 ,= t inf9ite motion ( temporal ?+s imitate? ! pres5t /ate ( ! unmovable life1 & s9ce x _c express nor equal x1 x falle? f immobility to motion1 & f ! simplicity ( pres5ce1 x decrease? to an inf9ite quantity ( future & pa/1 & s9ce x _c possess toge!r all ! fulness ( its life1 by nev] leav+ to be 9 "s sort1 x seeme? to emulate 9 "p t :i* x _c fully obta9 & express1 ty+ itself to ?is small pres5ce ( ?is %ort & swift mom5t1 :i* because x c>rie? a c]ta9 image ( t abid+ pres5ce1 :osoev] ha? x1 seeme? to be4 ,b because x c\ld n /ay x und]took an inf9ite j\rney ( "t1 & s x came to pass t x cont9u$ t life by go+ ^: pl5itude x c\ld n compreh5d by /ay+4 ,:]e=e1 if we w give ?+s _! "r names1 foll[+ ,plato1 let u say t ,god is ev]la/+ & ! _w p]petual4 ,:]e=e1 s9ce e judgm5t compreh5de? ^? ?+s :i* are subject unto x1 accord+ to its own nature1 & ,god ha? always an ev]la/+ & pres5t /ate1 ,8 k also surpass+ all motions ( "t1 rema9e? 9 ! simplicity ( ,8 pres5ce1 & compreh5d+ ! inf9ite spaces ( t :i* is pa/ & to come1 consid]e? all ?+s 9 ,8 simple k z ?\gh !y 7 n[ 9 do+4 ,s t1 if ?\ wilt weigh ,8 =ekn[l$ge ) :i* ,he disc]ne? all ?+s1 ?\ wilt m rightly e/eem x to be ! k ( a nev] fad+ in/ant ?an a =ekn[l$ge z ( a ?+ to come4 ,= :i* cause x is n call$ praevid5ce or =esight1 b r provid5ce1 because1 plac$ f> f inf]ior ?+s1 x ov]looke? all ?+s1 z x 71 f ! highe/ top ( ?+s4 ,:y1 !re=e1 wilt ?\ h ^? ?+s necess>y :i* are illu/rat$ by ! div9e light1 s9ce t n ev5 m5 make n ^? ?+s necess>y :i* !y see8 ,= do? ?y sight impose any necessity ^u ^? ?+s :i* ?\ see/ pres5t8 ,no4 ,b ! pres5t in/ant ( m5 may well be comp>$ to t ( ,god 9 ?is3 t z y see "s ?+s 9 y\r temporal in/ant1 s ,he beholde? all ?+s 9 ,8 et]nal pres5t4 ,:]e=e ?is div9e =ekn[l$ge do? n *ange ! nature & propriety ( ?+s1 & x beholde? !m su* 9 ,8 pres5ce z !y w aft] come to be1 nei!r do? ,he conf\nd ! judgm5t ( ?+s1 & ) "o sight ( ,8 m9d ,he disc]ne? z well ^? ?+s :i* %all happ5 necess>ily z o!rwise4 ,z y1 :5 at "o "t y see a man walk+ ^u ! e>? & ! sun ris+ 9 heav51 al?\gh !y be bo? se5 at once1 yet y disc]n & judge t ! "o is volunt>y1 & ! o!r necess>y1 s likewise ! div9e sight behold+ all ?+s di/urbe? n ! quality ( ?+s :i* to ,him are pres5t1 b 9 respect ( "t are yet to come4 ,& s ?is is n an op9ion b r a k gr\nd$ ^u tru?1 :5 ,he kn[e? t su* a ?+ %all be1 :i* likewise ,he is n ignorant t x ha? no necessity ( be+4 ,"h if ?\ saye/ t _c *oose b happ5 :i* ,god see? %all happ51 & t :i* _c *oose b happ51 mu/ be ( necessity1 & s tie/ me to ?is "n ( necessity1 ,i w grant t x is a mo/ solid tru?1 b :]e( sc>ce any b a contemplator ( div9ity is capable4 ,= ,i w answ] t ! same ?+ is necess>y :5 x is ref]r$ to ! ,div9e k2 b :5 x is weigh$ 9 its own nature t x seeme? altoge!r free & absolute4 ,= !re be two necessities3 ! "o simple1 z t x is necess>y = all m5 to be mortal2 ! o!r conditional1 z if ?\ kn[e/ t any man walke?1 he mu/ ne$s walk4 ,= :at a man kn[e? _c be o!rwise ?an x is kn[n4 ,b ?is conditional drawe? n ) x t simple or absolute necessity4 ,= ?is is n caus$ by ! nature ( ! ?+1 b by ! add+ a condition4 ,= no necessity make? him to g t goe? ( 8 own accord1 al?\gh x be necess>y t he goe? :ile he goe?4 ,9 l mann]1 if provid5ce see? any?+ pres5t1 t mu/ ne$s be1 al?\gh x ha? no necessity ( nature4 ,b ,god beholde? ^? future ?+s1 :i* proce$ f free-w1 pres5t4 ,^! ?+s1 !re=e1 be+ ref]r$ to ! div9e sight are necess>y by ! condition ( ! div9e k1 &1 consid]$ by !mselves1 !y lose n absolute fre$om ( _! own nature4 ,:]e=e d\btless all ^? ?+s come to pass :i* ,god =ekn[e? %all come1 b "s ( !m proce$ f free-w1 :i* ?\gh !y come to pass1 yet d n1 by co9+ into be+1 lose1 s9ce be=e !y came to pass1 !y might also n h happ5$4 ,b :at importe? x t !y are n necess>y1 s9ce t by reason ( ! condition ( ! div9e k !y come to pass 9 all respects z if !y 7 necess>y8 ,x ha? ! same import z ^? ?+s :i* ,i propos$ a little be=e--! sun ris+ & ! man go+4 ,:ile !y are 9 do+1 !y _c *oose b be 9 do+2 yet "o ( !m 0 necess>ily to be be=e x 01 & ! o!r n4 ,likewise ^? ?+s :i* ,god ha? pres5t1 w h d\btless a be+1 b "s ( !m proce$ f ! necessity ( ?+s1 o!r f ! p[] ( ! do]s4 ,& !re=e we said n )\t cause t ^!1 if !y be ref]r$ to ,god's k1 are necess>y2 & if !y be consid]$ by !mselves1 !y are free f ! bonds ( necessity4 ,z :atsoev] is manife/ to s5ses1 if ?\ ref]re/ x to reason1 is univ]sal2 if ?\ consid]e/ ! ?+s !mselves1 x is s+ul> or p>ticul>4 ,b ?\ wilt say1 ',if x is 9 my p[] to *ange my purpose1 %all ,i fru/rate provid5ce if ,i *ance to alt] ^? ?+s :i* %e =ekn[e?8' ,i answ] t ?\ maye/ inde$ *ange ?y purpose1 b because ! tru? ( provid5ce1 be+ pres5t1 see? t ?\ can/ d s1 & :e!r ?\ wilt d s or no1 & :at ?\ purpose/ anew1 ?\ can/ n avoid ! div9e =ekn[l$ge1 ev5 z ?\ can/ n avoid ! sight ( an eye :i* is pres5t1 al?\gh ?\ turne/ ?yself to div]s actions by ?y free-w4 ,b yet ?\ wilt inquire :e!r ,god's k %all be *ang$ by ?y disposition1 s t :5 ?\ wilt n[ "o ?+1 & n[ ano!r1 x %\ld also seem to h div]s kn[l$ges4 ,no4 ,= ,god's sight prev5te? all t is to come & recalle? & drawe? x to ! pres5ce ( ,8 own k2 nei!r do? ,he v>y1 z ?\ imag9e/1 n[ kn[+ "o ?+ & n[ ano!r1 b 9 "o in/ant )\t mov+ prev5te? & compreh5de? ?y mutations4 ,:i* pres5ce ( compreh5d+ & see+ all ?+s1 ,god ha? n by ! ev5t ( future ?+s b by ,8 own simplicity4 ,by :i* t d\bt is also resolv$ :i* ?\ did/ put a little be=e1 t x is an unwor?y ?+ t our future actions %\ld be said to cause ! k ( ,god4 ,= ?is =ce ( ! div9e k compreh5d+ all ?+s ) a pres5t notion appo9te? to ev]y?+ its measure & receive? no?+ f ensu+ accid5ts4 ,all :i* be+ s1 ! free-w ( mortal m5 rema9e? unviolat$1 nei!r are ! laws unju/ :i* propose puni%m5ts & rew>ds to our wills1 :i* are free f all necessity4 ,!re rema9e? also a behold] ( all ?+s :i* is ,god1 :o =esee? all ?+s1 & ! et]nity ( ,8 vision1 :i* is always pres5t1 concurre? ) ! future quality ( our actions1 di/ribut+ rew>ds to ! good & puni%m5ts to ! evil4 ,nei!r d we 9 va9 put our hope 9 ,god or pray to ,him2 = if we d ?is well & z we ought1 we %all n lose our lab\r or be )\t effect4 ,:]e=e fly vices1 embrace virtues1 possess y\r m9ds ) wor?y hopes1 (f] up humble pray]s to y\r highe/ ,pr9ce4 ,!re is1 if y w n dissemble1 a great necessity ( do+ well impos$ ^u y1 s9ce y live 9 ! sight ( y\r ,judge1 :o beholde? all ?+s4 ,,symma*i ,,v]svs ,=tunae et uirtutis opus1 ,seu]9e ,boe?i1 ,e patria pulsus non tua p] scel]a1 ,t&em ignotus habes qui te colat1 ut tua uirtus ,vt tua =tuna prom]uitque ,greek3 sophos4 ,po/ obitum dant fata locum1 po/ fata sup]/es ,vxoris propriae te quoque fama colit4 ,,epigram ,,by ,,symma*us#agg ,boe?ius6 model ( all weal & wor?1 ,unju/ly f ?y c\ntry driv5 =?1 ,?y fame1 unfam$ at la/1 yet "o %all praise1 ,"o voice ! cry ( approbation raise2 ,:at life d5i$1 ?r\gh dea? k9d heav5 give?2 ,?9e hon\r 9 ?y wife's = ev] live?4 #agg ,?is epigram 0 f\nd by ,b>? 9 a ,m]seburg codex1 & fir/ pr9t$ 9 8 ,adv]s>ia 7#afbd74 ,if g5u9e 7& ! fai?ful reproduction ! error ,,symma*ivs = ,,symma*i ,,vs or ,,vr1 i4e4 ,,v]svs1 is 9 its fav\r71 ! au?or may be ei!r ! son or ! fa!r-9-law ( ,boe?ius4 ,"s read]s may pref] to rank ?is poem ) ! epitaph on ,elpis1 ! supposititi\s fir/ wife ( ,boe?ius1 on :om see ,obb>ius1 ,de cons4 p4 xii4 ,at any rate x is z old z ! times ( ,hrabanus ,maurus1 :o imitat$ x 9 a poem also fir/ publi%$ by ,b>?4 ,see ,peip]1 ,cons4 p4 xxxviiii4 ,,index ,a>on4 ,abel4 ,abraham4 ab/raction4 academical /udies4 ,a*aem5ian rocks4 ,a*el\s4 ,a*illes1 /atue (4 ,adam4 ,greek3 aeides1 to4 ,aemilius ,paulus4 aequiuocus4 aet]nitas4 ,agamemnon1 see ,atrides4 age1 ! =m]4 ,agripp9a4 ,alb9us4 ,alcibiades4 ,alex&] ,aphrod44 allegorical me?od4 ,anaxagoras4 ,anax>*us4 angels4 ,antaeus4 ,anton9us 7,c>acalla74 ,apollodorus4 ,apuleius4 ,arcturus4 ,arians ,ari/otle1 on nature2 ,de physicis2 ,protrepticus2 ,arius4 ,atrides4 ,augu/9e1 ,/4 ,au/]4 ,bac*us4 baptism4 ,basil1 in=m]4 ,be+4 ,boe?ius1 life2 ! fir/ s*ola/ic2 an indep5d5t philosoph]2 8 philosophic ambition2 8 a*ievem5t2 a ,*ri/ian2 p]haps a m>tyr2 son-9-law ( ,symma*us2 8 wife2 8 sons2 e>ly tra9+2 y\?ful poetry2 premature old age2 8 le>n+2 8 libr>y2 8 l(ty position2 8 pr9ciples2 ! *ampion ( ! oppress$2 ( ! ,s5ate2 8 accus]s2 8 accusation2 s5t5ce4 ,botes4 ,boreas4 ,brutus4 ,busiris4 ,cacus4 ,caes>1 see ,gaius4 ,campania4 ,canius4 ,cassiodorus4 categories1 ! t54 ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 fai?2 religion4 ,ca?olics4 ,cato4 ,catullus4 ,caucasus4 ,c5taurs4 ,c]b]us4 ,c]es4 ,*remes4 ,*ri/1 adv5t (2 baptism2 life & dea?2 resurrection & asc5sion2 nature2 p]son2 div9ity2 humanity2 ,p]fect ,man & ,p]fect ,god4 ,*ri/ian fai?1 religion4 ,cic]o1 ,de diu9atione2 ,tusc4 ,circe4 ,claudian4 ,claudianus1 ,mam]tus1 coemptio4 ,coniga/us1 consi/]e1 ,consolation ( ,philosophy1 me?od & object4 consulate4 coroll>y1 see porisma4 ,corus4 ,crab4 ,croesus4 ,cyclops4 ,cyn?ia4 ,cyprian1 in=m]4 ,cyrus4 ,dante4 ,david4 ,decoratus4 demons4 ,devil4 dialectic4 diff]5ce4 ,diog5es ,la]tius4 ,dionysius4 div9e nature1 et]nal1 sub/ance4 div9ity ( ,*ri/1 see ,*ri/1 diuisio4 ,dorset1 ,c\ntess (4 ,greek3 ,eisagogae1 ,porphyry's4 ,eleatic /udies4 elem5ts4 ,elpis4 ,enneades4 ,epicureans4 ,epicurus4 esse4 ess5tia4 et]nity4 ,etna4 ,euphrates4 ,euripides4 ,euripus4 ,eurus4 ,euty*es4 ,euty*ian error4 ,euty*ians4 ,ev&]4 ,eve4 evil is no?+4 ,fabricius4 ,fame4 fatal ord]4 ,fate4 fire1 nature (4 ,flood4 =m4 ,=tune4 free-w4 ,furies4 ,gaius ,caes> 7,caligula74 ,gaud5tius4 geometricians4 ,g]manicus4 ,giants4 ,gilb]t de la ,porre4 ,glory4 ,god1 categories appli$ to1 )\t diff]5ce2 is :at ,he is2 is ,pure ,=m2 is ,greek3 ousia1 ousiosis1 huphi/a/hai2 ,"o2 ,triune2 is good2 goodness2 happ9ess2 ev]la/+2 omnipres5t2 j2 omnipot5t2 incompreh5sible2 "o ,fa!r2 true ,sun2 ,creator2 ,rul]2 ,mov]2 ,judge2 sees all ?+s2 =esees all ?+s2 ,8 k2 ,8 provid5ce2 _c d evil2 wills only good2 pray] to ,him n va94 good1 ! prime4 good1 all seek4 goodness is happ9ess1 is ,god4 grace4 ,greek4 ,happ9ess is ,god4 ,haurau4 ,hebdomads4 ,hecuba4 ,h]cules4 h]esy1 see ,arius1 ,euty*es1 ,ne/orius1 ,sabellians4 ,h]mus4 ,h]odotus4 ,hesp]us4 ,hold]4 ,hom]4 ,horace4 human nature1 humanity ( ,*ri/1 see ,*ri/4 humanity4 ,iambli*us4 id quod e/4 id quod e/ esse4 ,indus4 in/rum5tum4 ,isaac4 ,i%mael4 ,ixion4 ,jacob4 ,j]usalem4 ,jesus4 ,jews4 ,iohannes ,scottus4 ,john ! ,deacon4 ,jordan4 ,jo%ua4 ,judah4 ,kanius1 see ,canius4 ,greek3 kata p>a!s94 ,lat94 le?>gy4 ,livy4 ,lucan4 ,lucif]4 ,lucretius4 ,lybia4 ,lybian lions4 ,lydians4 ,lynceus4 ,mac$onius4 see ,aemilius ,paulus4 ,macrobius4 ,m>y1 ! ,bless$ ,virg914 ma!matical me?od4 ma!matics4 matt]4 ,m$ea4 ,m]cury4 ,moses4 ,muses4 music1 ,boe?ius on4 ,nature1 ph5om5al2 nature2 nature ( plants4 ,neoplatonism4 ,n]itius1 son (1 see ,ulysses4 ,n]o4 ,ne/orius4 ,nicocreon4 ,nicoma*us4 nihilo1 ex44 ,noah4 ,nonius4 ,notus4 numb]4 ,greek3 oion epei4 ,greek3 onos luras4 ,opilio4 ,orpheus4 ,greek3 ousia4 ,greek3 ousiosis4 ,greek3 ousio/hai4 ,greek3 ,,pi4 ,palat9i canes4 ,pap9ianus4 ,p>m5ides4 ,p>?iaus4 ,paul9us4 ,paulus1 see ,aemilius ,paulus4 ,pelagius4 ,p]ses4 p]sona4 ,p]son def9$4 ,ph>aoh4 ,philosophy1 appe>ance (2 "*2 function2 p[]4 ,phoebe4 ,phoebus4 physics4 ,plato1 & ,boe?ius2 & ,s4 ,?omas2 & ! ,academy2 8 muse2 ,rem9isc5ce2 quot$ or ref]r$ to1 ,gorg42 ,tim2 ,m5o2 ,pha$o2 ,rep4 ,plot9us4 ,plurality4 ,pluto4 ,polyphemus4 ,por*4 porisma4 ,porphyry4 praetor%ip4 praevid5ce4 pr$icam5ts1 see categories4 ,provid5ce4 ,ptolemy4 purgation4 ,py?agoras4 ,rav5na4 realism4 ,r$ ,sea4 r$uctio ad absurdum4 ,regulus4 relation1 category (4 religion1 ! ,*ri/ian4 ,resurrection4 rhetoric4 ,roman lib]ty1 republic4 ,ru/iciana4 ,sabellians4 ,sackville1 ,?omas4 sacrilegium4 sa9ts4 ,saturn4 ,saul4 scripture4 sempit]nitas4 s5ate4 ,s5eca4 ,simon4 ,s9ai4 ,sirius4 ,socrates4 ,son1 !1 see ,tr9ity4 ,soranus4 ,sp>tianus4 ,_s1 ,holy1 see ,tr9ity1 procession (2 a sub/ance4 /atue ( ,a*illes4 ,/oics4 ,/ymphalian birds4 subsisi/5tia1 subsi/]e4 sub/ance1 div9e4 sub/antia1 sub/>e4 ,suetonius4 sun1 see ,phoebus4 ,symma*us1 ,q4 ,aurel41 ,q4 ,aur4 ,memmius2 ,boe?ius2 ,pope4 ,syrtes4 ,tacitus4 ,tantalus4 ,t]tullian4 ,te/am5t1 ,old & ,new4 ,greek3 ,,!ta4 ,!odoric4 ,!ology4 ,?omas1 ,/4 ,?orie1 ,j4 ,?race4 ,?ule4 ,tigris4 ,timaeus1 see ,plato4 ,tiresias4 ,tityus4 triangie4 ,triguilla4 ,tr9ity1 ! unity (2 _c be sub/antially pr$icat$ ( ,god4 ,greek3 ulae1 apoios4 ,ulysses4 unity4 unity ( ,tr9ity4 ,greek3 upo/asis4 ,greek3 upo/a5ai4 ,us5]4 ut quia4 ,greek3 uphi/a/hai4 ,,uel et4 ,v]ona4 ,vesuvius4 uia m$ia4 ,virgil4 uirtus4 ,w1 see free-w4 ,wulf1 ,h4 de4 ,z5o4 ,zephyrus4 ,,! ,,end