,,! ,,talk+ ,,deaf ,,man3 or1 ,a ,me?od ,propos$1 ,:]eby ,he ,:o is ,born ,deaf1 ,may ,le>n to ,speak4 ,by ! ,/udi\s ,inv5tion & ,indu/ry ( ,john ,conrade ,amman1 an ,helvetian ( ,%a%uis1 ,dr4 ( ,physick4 ,impr9t$ at ,am/]dam1 by ,h5ry ,we/e91 #afib4 ,& n[ done out ( ,lat9 into ,engli%1 by ,d4,f4,m4,d4 #afic4 ,london1 ,pr9t$ = ,?o4 ,hawk9s1 9 ,george-y>d1 ,lumb>d /reet1 #afid4 ,price b\nd ,"o ,%ill+4 ,to 8 mo/ ,approv$ ,good ,fri5d ,mr4 ,,pet] ,,kol>d1 ! ,au?or1 ) all ,submission1 ,d$icate? ?is 8 ,treatise ( ! ,talk+ ,deaf ,man4 ,my mu* hon\r$ ,fri5d1 ,?is little endeav\r1 h[ small soev] x be1 is ^u _m ,acc\nts due to y2 ,= besides t1 ! ,tru? ( ! matt] "h expos$1 is to no "o1 7except my ,self7 m app>5t1 y did heap on me s _m ,fav\rs1 :il/ ,i abode 9 y\r ,h\se1 ^u acc\nt ( tea*+ y\r ,daught]1 & r5dr$ me to be s mu* ,y\rs1 z no less c\ld be suffici5t1 ?an to erect a publick1 & z mu* z 9 me lay1 an et]nal ,monum5t ( ,gratitude to y4 ,h[ great ! ,incr$ulity ( ?is ,age is1 no ,man almo/ kn[s bett] ?an y\r self2 !re h be51 & /ill are1 su* z boldly d5y1 t x is possible to br+ ! ,deaf to speak2 o!rs1 ?\gh !y %\ld be admitt$ to be ,eye-,witnesses1 yet w\ld n /ick to d\bt /ill ( ! matt]3 ,:]e=e1 :at-ev] x 0 t ,i p]=m$ to y\r ,daught]1 & to "s o!rs1 & by :at ,artifice ,i did x1 ,i n[ +5u\sly expose to ! ,eyes ( all ! ,_w4 ,i he>tily wi% t !y may s make use ( ?is my lab\r1 z t = ! future1 no m ,dumb ,p]sons may be f\nd4 ,9 ! numb] ( ^! d\bt+ ,p]sons1 y h confess$ to me1 t y y\r self _h =m]ly be51 until y _h he>d a c]ta9 ,maid51 :o be=e _h be5 ,dumb1 talk+ ) me at ,am/]dam2 p]haps ,i %\ld h be5 s my self1 if1 :5 ,i 0 ignorant 9 ! ?+1 ,i _h receiv$ n>ratively only1 t "s su* ?+ 0 p]=m$ by ano!r2 :]e=e ,i resolv$ r to conv9ce ! ,incr$ulity ( ,m5 7:i* n[ is acc\nt$ ,prud5ce among/ mo/ ,m57 ( an ,error1 ?an to reprove !m = _! ,ra%ness4 ,x is n[ ?ree ,ye>s s9ce ,i fir/ ?\ght to make ?is my ,me?od publick2 b _h ,i !n done x1 ,i %\ld n[ h rep5t$ x1 because 9 ?is ,int]val ,i h mu* m poli%$ x2 & r5d]$ x m easie by f>2 & z to :at belongs to ! practise !re(1 m c]ta91 yea1 & all to t degree1 z ,i d>e confid5tly ass]t1 t h5ce=? !re %all be no ,deaf ,p]son1 7provid$ he be ( a s\nd ,m9d1 & be n ,tongue-ti$1 nor ( an immature ,age7 :o by my ,in/ruction %all n 9 ! space ( two ,mon?s speak readily en\gh4 ,p]haps also ,i %all h]eaft] rep5t1 t ,i h publi%$ ?is small ,treatise1 z yet too immature2 yet ,i _h r confess an ,error1 if ,i %all any :]e commit "o1 or 9 any future ,edition augm5t x1 ?an :olly to pass x ov] 9 ,sil5ce2 = if ,i %\ld be snat*t away by a ha/y ,dea?1 7ev5 z a t5d] /ate ( ,heal? do? ?reat5 me7 ,i %\ld n "k h[ to r5d] to ,god an ,acc\nt ( ! ,tal5t committ$ to me1 z he may require x ( me4 ,no?+ !re=e rema9$1 mo/ ,wor?y ,sir1 ?an t ,i %\ld beg y\r ,p>don1 t ,i h made bold ?us to int]rupt y 9 ! mid/ ( ,affairs1 :i* almo/ swall[ y :olly up2 b ,i believe y w ! m readily give x me1 because ?is little ,script may make my ,abs5ce less tr\blesome to y1 because1 accord+ to ! precepts "h giv51 y y\rself w be able to take c>e t y\r ,daught] %all n only n =get all :at %e already kn[s1 b m & m accompli% !m4 ,h[ev]1 ,i humbly besee* y1 t him :om y h begun to love1 yea1 ?\gh he be remov$ f> f y1 t y w p]si/ /ill !re91 & to take ^u y\r self z ne$ %all require x1 ! ,patronage ( ! ,tru? x self4 ,f>ewel1 & be well4 ,j4 ,conrade ,amman4 ,dat$ f my ,/udy1 ,aug4 #aj?1 #afib4 99 99 99 99 99 ,to 8 ,le>n$ fri5ds ,ri*>d ,wall]1 & ,alex&] ,pittfield1 ,esquires1 ( ! ,royal ,society4 ,g5tlem51 ,! hold+ ( a ,c&le to ! ,sun is n m absurd1 ?an ?us to pres5t y ) an ,engli% ,v]sion ( a ,lat9 ,treatise4 ,all :o "k y1 "k y to be ,ma/]s ( n only mo/ ( ! ,european1 b also ( ! ,le>n$ ,languages4 ,b my excuse is1 t :at ,i h done = ! sake ( ,engli% ,read]s1 ,i expose "u y\r le>n$ ,names2 ! ,subject-matt] ( :i* may be useful1 & !re=e acceptable to y\r selves & o!rs4 ,h[ev]1 ,i am will+ to discov] my ,ambiti\s aim h]e91 :i* is to let ! ,_w "k :o are my ,fri5ds1 & :at ,names may give ,hon\r to m9e4 ,i "k1 t sev]al v consid]able ,memb]s ( t great ,society1 to :i* y s ne>ly relate1 h already1 bo? 9 ,!ory & ,practise1 acqua9t$ ! ,_w ) v rem>kable ?+s ( ?is nature2 & :e!r :at is "h publi%$1 w 9 ! lea/1 ei!r elucidate or add to ^? already taught1 & done by ^? v kn[+ p]sons1 ,i nei!r d>e nor w det]m9e2 b if nei!r "o nor ! o!r be "h f\nd1 yet x is sometimes grateful to u1 to see h[ good & great wits d jump1 & 9 su* ,circum/ances z ^! no ,man c acc\nt ,/ore to be a ,so>e4 ,i h only ?is to fur!r m5tion1 t ! ,au?or *ose ! ,high-,g]man ,tongue to become 8 exempl>1 r ?an any o!r ,mod]n or ,antique2 x !re=e is necess>y1 t he :o w\ld put 8 ,rules 9 practice 9 any o!r ,language1 mu/ obs]ve a due ,analogy 9 mutatis mut&is4 ,?us 7my ,fri5ds7 ,i h expos$ bo? y & my self1 if any blame happ51 let t be all m9e1 :o 7)\t y\r ,k & ,concession7 did ?is ,indignity to y1 & to aggravate x1 ?us publickly to /ile my self1 ,g5tlem51 ,y\r ,cordial ,fri5d & ,s]vant1 ,dan4 ,foot4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,to ,,! ,,read]4 ,c&id ,read]1 ,9 ^! few ,pages1 ,i expose to !e op5ly & +5u\sly1 by :at means ,i c le>n ! ,deaf1 7& because !y 7 born s7 ! ,dumb to speak articulately1 & easily to und]/& o!rs also :5 !y are speak+1 s z !y may be able bo? to read1 & to und]/& a ,book1 or ,lett]1 & to discov] _! own ,m9ds1 ei!r by ,spea* or ,writ+4 ,h[ important a ,b5efit is ?is8 ,h[ advantage\s is ! n he>+ suppli$ by ?is ,art8 ,if ,envy1 or ! dete/able gre$y ,desire ( ,ga9 c\ld h prevail$ ) me1 ,i _h reta9$ ?is ,art1 z lockt up 9 my own ,brea/4 ,b alass6 ,h[ mis]able is ! condition ( ! ,deaf8 ,h[ lame & defective is t ,spea*1 :i* is p]=m$ by ,signs & ,ge/ures8 ,h[ little are !y capable to receive ( ^? ?+s :i* conc]n _! et]nal ,salvation8 ,:o do? n commis]ate ?is sort ( ,p]sons8 ,:o c refuse to help !m by all means :i* are possible8 ,= my "p1 ,i1 by ! help ( ,god's ,grace1 w n only help !m1 b w make publick & vulg> :at is be/ to be done !re91 yea1 & h done s already1 t !y c und]/& o!rs speak+1 ev5 ) ! s(te/ ,voice1 or r :isp]+4 ,?is ,doctr9 w seem new & incr$ible to mo/ ,m51 yet is n pla9ly altoge!r unhe>d (2 =1 z ,i he>d1 !re h be5 "s1 :o engag$ !mselves 9 ?is cure2 b :at !y effect$ !re91 ,i mu/ ackn[l$ge is unkn[n to me2 yea1 ,i ,religi\sly atte/1 t be=e ,i did excogitate ?is ,matt]1 ,i met n ) ! lea/ foot-/ep !re( 9 any ,au?or4 ,not)/&+1 "s !re be1 :o reject at fir/ sight ?is ,doctr9 z fabul\s2 o!rs1 & ^? p]haps ! same also2 :o :5 ,i %all h discov]$ to !m ! mann] !re(1 w cry1 t !y c\ld d ! same ?+3 ,i1 = my "p2 am n conc]n$ at ei!r ( !m1 well kn[+1 t ^? :o are j 9 _! ,e/imation ( ?+s1 w judge o!rwise4 ,:5 ?\1 by read+ %alt arrive ?us f> 7good ,read]7 /op a little 7,i pray !e7 & use ! lib]ty grant$ to e "o1 & att5tively revolve 9 ?y ,m9d1 :at ?\ ?y self w\ld'/ d1 if su* a case z ?is 0 committ$ to ?y c>e4 ,if s be ?\ %alt/ f9d out ! "r way1 give ,god ?anks1 & let x suffice1 t ,i h admoni%$ !e2 if n1 g on to read :at foll[s1 :]e ?\ wilt f9d x1 ) v little tr\ble4 ,?is v way is t1 by :i* ,i taught ,eh/] ,kol>d1 7a "y ,virg9 ( great ,hopes1 ! only ,daught] ( ,mr ,pet] ,kol>d1 :o 0 born ,deaf7 n only to read1 b also to speak readily1 yea1 & to hold ,disc\rse ) o!rs & 9 a %ort "t %e pr(it$ s mu*1 z to rememb] a _m ,que/ions & ,answ]s 9 ! ,cate*ism1 yea1 & z f> z h] "y ,ye>s 7 capable1 %e und]/ood ! ,s5se ( !m also3 ,%e rejoyc$ greatly :5 ,i told h]1 t ,i 0 will+ to make ?is ,me?od1 by :i* %e le>n$ to speak1 common to all4 ,fri5dly ,read]1 use & accept well ^! ?+s2 & if ?\ kn[e/ any ?+s bett]1 ,c&idly imp>t !m1 & make n ?y self ,ungrateful4 ,f>ewell4 99 99 99 99 99 ,an ,adv]tisem5t to ! ,engli% ,read]4 ,ab\t #bf ,ye>s s9ce1 ! ,hon\rable1 ,le>n$1 & ,pi\s ,f4,m4 ,b>on ( ,helmont caus$ to be publi%$ 9 ,lat9 a small ,treatise2 :olly & fully to ! same purpose1 ) :at is "h publi%$3 ,:i* said ,treatise1 entitul$1 ,! ,alphabet ( ,nature1 is n[ 9 ,h& to be ,translat$1 & ,publi%'d 9 ,engli%2 ( :i* x 0 ?\ght fit "h to give !e ?is ,notice4 ,?\ art also 7k9d ,read]7 to be adv]tis$1 t !re is v lately ,translat$ into ! ,engli% a v le>n$ ,tract1 entitul$1 ,! ,div9e ,be+1 & its ,attributes2 demon/rat$ f ! ,holy ,scriptures1 & ,orig9al ,nature ( ?+s1 accord+ to ! ,pr9ciples ( ! a=esaid ,f4,m4 ,b>on ( ,helmont4 ,writt5 9 ,l[-,dut*1 by ,paulus ,bu*ius1 ,dr4 ( ,physick1 c4 & ,lic5s$ accord+ to ,ord]1 & are to be sold by ,t4 ,h[k9s1 ,booksell]1 9 ,george-y>d1 ,lumb>d-,/reet4 ,,! ,,talk+ ,,deaf ,,man4 ,,*ap4 ,i4 ,an ,inquiry into ! ,nature ( a ,voice1 & 9 :at respect x diff]s f ! ,brea?4 ,let no ,man presume1 t he %all ev] atta9 to ?is noble ,art1 if he rema9 ,ignorant 9 :at x is t ! nature ( ! ,lett]s1 z well 9 g5]al1 z special1 do? consi/2 = x 0 ?is v ?+ :i* gave occasion to ! compos+ ( ?is small ,treatise3 ,:]e=e1 be=e ,i treat ( ! mann] ( in/ruct+ ,deaf ,p]sons1 ,i %all br+ into exam9ation1 ,fir/1 ! mat]ial "p ( ! ,lett]s1 viz4 ,voice & ,brea?2 ,secondly1 ! ,lett]s !mselves1 & _! ,diff]5ces3 ,?irdly1 & ,la/ly1 ,i w tea* ! ,practise ( ! ,art4 ,i h (t5times he>d f "s ,p]sons1 t x 0 little b5ea? a ,miracle1 t ,god %\ld give ,m51 to express ! ,?\ghts ( ! ,m9d1 r by ,motions1 :i* are effect$ by ! ,lips1 ! ,tongue1 ! ,tee?1 c4 ?an o!rwise1 & t s univ]sally1 t !re is no ,nation s ,b>b>\s1 no n except+ ! ,hott5tots1 :i* _c speak 9 a ,language4 ,b let 7,i pray7 ^! ,m5 consid]1 :at x is t ,m5 rightly ,in/itut$ w\ld h1 :il/ !y mutually talk "o ) ano!r2 = !y desire to op5 ! mo/ inw>d ,recesses ( ! ,he>t1 yea1 & to transfuse _! own prop] ,life into o!rs1 :i* ?+ _c be m commodi\sly done1 ?an by ,speak+2 = !re is no?+ :i* fl[e? =? f u1 :i* c>rie? ) x a m vivid ,"* ( ! ,life1 ?an our ,voice do?2 yea1 9 ! ,voice is ! ,brea? ( ,life1 "p ( :i* passe? into ! ,voice2 = inde$ ! ,voice is ! ,*ild ( ! ,he>t1 :i* is ! ,seat ( ! ,affections1 & ( ,desire4 ,h5ce x is1 t sometimes we are n able to keep back ! impetu\s ,motions ( ! ,affections2 b out ( ! abundance ( ! ,he>t1 ! ,m\? speake?4 ,?us1 :5 we desire some?+ 9 our selves1 & yet are afraid to express x1 ! ,he>t lab\rs l a ,woman ) ,*ild1 & becomes ,anxi\s2 b if we c p\r x =? into ! ,bosom ( a ,fri5d1 !re pres5tly arise? great ,tranquility1 & we say1 t we h empti$ our ,he>ts3 ,yea1 s full is ! ,voice ( ! ,life1 :i* imm$iately fl[s f ! ,he>t1 t to talk long1 extreamly we>ie? u2 b especially ! ,sick1 :o (t5times c sc>ce utt] ?ree or f\r words1 b !y fa9t away4 ,!re=e1 to compreh5d mu* 9 a few words1 ! ,voice is an ,emanation f t v ,_s1 :i* ,god brea!d in? ,man's ,no/rils1 :5 he ,creat$ him a liv+ ,s\l4 ,h5ce also1 ,! ,^w ( ,god1 ! ,son ( ,god1 ! ,omnipot5ce ( ,god1 c4 are 9 ,holy ,scripture (t5times homonym\s1 or ( ! l1 & same import4 ,x is no wond] !re=e1 if ,voice be natural to a ,man1 ?\gh he be ,deaf1 because ,deaf ,m5 ,laugh1 ,cry out1 ,holl[1 ,weep1 ,sigh1 & ,waile1 & express ! *ief ,motions ( ! ,m9d1 by ! ,voice :i* is to an ,obs]vant ,he>]1 v>i\s1 yea1 !y h>dly ev] signifie any ?+ by ,signs1 b !y mix ) x "s ,s\nd or ,voice4 ,?us ! ,exclamations ( almo/ all ,nations are alike2 a is ! ,s\nd ( him *iefly1 :o rejoyce?2 i ( him :o is 9 ,indignation1 & ,angry2 o ( "o 9 ,commis]ation1 or ,exclamation2 n to m5tion _m su* o!r-l4 ,n[ ,i %all briefly decl>e1 :]e9 ! nature ( ! ,voice consi/e?1 :]e x is =m$1 & h[ x is =m$3 ,i %all also discov]1 toge!r !re)1 :]e9 is ! diff]5ce betwixt ,voice & ,brea? simply1 z :at is 9 tru?1 ( s mu* weight1 t if x be unkn[n1 "s ,deaf ,p]sons _c le>n to speak1 z %all be taught 9 ! ,?ird ,*apt]4 ,m5 ord9>ily speak aft] two mann] ( ways1 viz4 ei!r :5 !y may be he>d by any "o1 :o is n too f> di/ant f !m1 & t is prop]ly call'd ,voice2 or else1 :5 !y speak privately 9 ano!r's ,e>1 & !n !y pron\nce a ,brea? :i* is simple1 b n ,sonor\s4 ,deaf ,m5 also d "k a ,voice to be diff]5t f a ,simple ,brea?2 = !y c speak bo? ways1 & ,i also h le>n$ ?is ,di/9ction p>tly f !m4 ,! ,humane ,voice is ,air1 impregnat$1 & made ,sonor\s by ! impress$ ,"* ( ! ,life1 or is su*1 z :il/ x is 9 brea?+ =?1 do? smite ^u ! ,organs ( ! ,voice1 s1 z !y tremble !reupon2 = inde$1 )\t ?is tremul\s ,motion1 no ,voice is made3 ,yea1 n only ! ,l>ynx1 or ,w9d-pipe1 do? !reupon tremble1 b ! :ole ,skull also2 yea1 & sometimes all ! ,bones ( ! :ole ,body1 :i* any "o may easily f9d 9 himself1 by 8 apply+ 8 ,h& to 8 ,?roat1 & lay+ x on ! top ( 8 ,head4 ,?is trembl+ is v p]ceptible 9 mo/ s\nd+ ,bodies1 & is 7if ,i mi/ake n7 ow+ = ! mo/ "p to ! ,spr+9ess ( ! ,air2 :i*1 did ,i n /udy to be brief1 ,i c\ld m fully explicate4 ,n[ ! ,simple ,brea? is ,air1 brea!d =? by ! op5+ ( ! ,m\? or ,no/rils1 simply1 & )\t any smit+ on ! p>ts1 :i* r excite? a :isp]+ ?an a s\nd4 ,h5ce is x1 t ,animals1 ^: ,w9d-pipe is cut b5ea? ! ,?roat1 d inde$ r5d] a ,brea?+1 b no ,voice2 = ! ,tube ( ! ,w9d-pipe is too l>ge1 & too smoo?1 ?an t ! ,air c /rike ^u x any :]e2 & be+ ?us reflect$ on its self1 x c also impr9t a tremul\s ,motion on its neighb\r+ ,bodies3 ,?is ! ,physicians ,pupils d "k2 :o be+ ab\t to dissect live ,dogs1 !y cut _! ,?roats1 t !y may n be tr\bl$ ) _! b>k+3 ,= ,voice diff]s z mu* f a ,simple ,brea?1 z do? t ho>se ,s\nd1 :i* we excite1 by rubb+ ! tops ( our ,f+]s h>d ^u "s ,glass or ,table1 :i* is q diff]+ f t same s(t :i/l+ ,s\nd1 :i* is he>d :5 we lightly rub ) ! ,h& ! same ,glass or ,table4 ,! ,voice !re=e1 z x is ! ,voice1 is g5]at$ 9 ! ,c>tilages ( ! ,w9d-pipe1 !n aft]w>ds is =m$ into su* or su* ,lett]s2 b t x may become a lovely ,voice1 x's requisite1 t ^? ,c>tilages be smoo?1 & l9$ ) no muc\s ,matt]1 else ! ,voice w become ,ho>se1 & sometimes be utt]ly lo/1 viz4 :5 !y h lo/ _! ,spr+y p[]4 ,= ,pipes2 & o!r ,w9d-,in/rum5ts d mo/ notably expla9 to u ! nature ( ! ,voice2 = 9 !m we see a c]ta9 ,voice or ,s\nd to be g5]at$ out ( ,simple ,air1 :il/ x is z x 71 r5t 9 pieces1 & =c$ into a tremul\s ,motion3 ,n[1 t 9 ^! ,in/rum5ts !re is a little ,tongue2 or :i* is in/ead ( a ,tongue1 ! same 9 a ,man is ! ,epiglott1 or ,cov] ( ! ,w9d-pipe1 & ! ,uvula1 or ,pallate ( ! ,m\?2 b ! re/ ( ! ,c>tilages ( ! ,?roat1 besides t1 !y contribute mu* to ! mak+ ( ! ,voice1 yet are !y *iefly s]viceable to x1 9 r5d]+ x to be m flat1 & m %>p1 & t especially by ! ,bone ( ! ,tongue1 & ! adjoyn+ ,muscles3 ,b ,i am unwill+ to put f ?is ,(fice ! ,muscles :i* are prop] to ! ,w9d-pipe2 = !y all unanim\sly conspire to make ! ,cleft ( ! ,?roat ei!r wid]1 or n>r[]4 ,b above all1 "h is t wond]ful ,faculty ( modify+ ! ,voice1 accord+ to ,w & ,pleasure2 :i*1 ev5 z ,spee* also1 is n natural to u1 b a ,habite1 contract$ by long ,use or ,cu/om4 ,h5ce x is1 t ! ,unskilful are n only ,ignorant h[ to ,s+1 b also _c s mu* z imitate o!rs :o are ,s++2 s also su* z are ignorant ( any ,language1 d n only n und]/& o!rs :o are speak+ t ,language1 b also d n "k h[ pres5tly to repeat t ,voice :i* !y receiv$ by _! ,e>s4 ,?+s pr9cipally requisite to ! ,voice1 are1 t ! ,w9d-pipe1 ! =m] !re( be solid1 dry1 & ( ! nature ( ,res\nd+ ,bodies4 ,by ?is ,hypo!sis1 two ( ! mo/ ,em95t ,phnom5a's ( ! ,voice are discov]$2 :y ! ,voice %\ld !n at l5g? become firm & ripe1 :5 ! ,bones h atta9$ unto _! full ,/r5g?1 & due ,h>dness1 :i* come? to pass mu* ab\t ! ,ye>s ( ripe age1 :5 ! vital ,heat1 do? 9 a great] degree ex]t itself3 ,! o!r ,phnom5on is ,ho>sness or an utt] loss ( ! ,voice1 :i* is1 :5 ! ,c>tilages1 or ,gri/les ( ! ,?roat1 especially ! ,epiglott1 or ,cov]lid ( ! ,w9d-pipe1 is l9$ or besme>$ all ov] ) a slimy ,viscosity1 :]eby !y lose _! ,ela/icity1 or ,spr+9ess4 ,n[ ^! ,symptoms ( ! ,voice are also common to o!r ,w9d-in/rum5ts1 :5 !y become too mu* moi/n$ by any vap\r\s wett+ ,air4 ,! same reason also is to be assign$ :y ! ,voice do? at la/ q cease 9 ^? :o h made too long ,h>rangues1 9 speak+1 & ^: ,jaws are q dri$ ) an immod]ate ,heat2 = 9 bo? ^! cases ! top ( ! ,w9d-pipe is cov]$ ov] ) a clammy ,t5aci\s ,phlegm4 ,!re rema9s yet two o!r ,symptoms ( ! ,voice1 :i* ,i h und]tak5 to explicate1 viz4 :y ! ,voice sometimes leaps f "o ,eigh? to ano!r2 &1 z x is rightly said by ! ,vulg> ,expression1 t x is brok53 & :y1 :5 we /rive to make our ,voice ei!r too %>p1 or too flat1 x at la/ pla9ly faile? u4 ,z to ! fir/1 let u consid] :5 & h[ x come? to pass2 & fir/1 x's :at pr9cipally happ5e? to ,orators1 :5 !y endeav\r to lift up _! ,voice too high1 or /rongly2 b h[ ?is come? to be1 ,organ-pipes1 & ! ,mono*orde1 d tea* u1 viz4 :5 "s ,imp$im5t int]pos+1 do? divide ! ord9>y ,s\nd into two2 if !re=e ^? p>ts are equal1 ei!r ( !m is by "o ,eigh? m %>p ?an ! =m] ,s\nd1 nei!r are !y di/+ui%$ f "o ano!r2 b if !y prove to be unequally divid$1 !n two di/9ct ,s\nds are made at ! same "t1 :]e( "o is flatt] ?an ! e!r1 & ?is is commonly call$ a brok5 ,voice3 ,b :y our ,voice %\ld fail u1 :5 we endeav\r to make x m %>p1 or m flat ?an x ought to be1 ! reason is1 because we /rive ei!r s to contract ! ,cleft ( ! ,w9d-pipe1 & to press ! ,sp\t-l ,c>tilage1 by help ( ! ,bone ( ,tongue1 t[>ds ! ,epiglott1 t ! go+ =? ( ! ,voice1 & ( ! ,brea?1 may be preclud$1 or else1 on ! contr>y1 because t ! said ,cleft1 ?r\gh ! draw+ d[n ( ! ,c>tilages1 is s mu* wid5$1 t ! dep>t+ out ( ! ,brea?1 f9ds no h9d]ance4 ,b "h ,i _h almo/ =got to comp>e ! m dry1 ! m moi/1 ! m solid1 & ! m ?9 ,con/itution ( ! ,l>ynx1 or ,w9d-pipe1 :i* also make v mu* to ! r5d]+ ! ,voice1 to be ei!r %>p1 or flat4 ,t same humm+ ,noise1 :i* _m fly+ ,insects make1 n s mu* by ! ,w+s1 7= :5 !y are cut (f1 ! humm+ /ill rema9s7 z by a mo/ swift & brisk ,motion ( c]ta9 ,muscles1 hid 9 ! ,cavity ( _! ,brea/s1 seems to h some:at ( an aff9ity to ! ,voice2 :]e=e ,i desire ! ,le>n$ to exam9e1 :e!r ^? small ,muscles1 :i* are prop] to ! ,c>tilages ( ! ,w9d-pipe1 _c p]=m some:at l to t4 ,_m m ,p>ticul>s conc]n+ ! ,voice might yet fur!r be inquir$ into1 su* z1 h[ x is1 t e "o may be kn[n by 8 ,voice8 ,h[ t ,s\nd1 :i* 9 ,s++ is call$ ,quav]+1 or ,trill+1 by a peculi>ity1 is excit$1 c1 ,b see+ t ^! ?+s d n prop]ly respect ! nature ( ! ,voice1 ,i1 = ,brevities sake1 d omit !m4 ,,*ap4 ,,ii4 ,exp\nd+ ! ,nature ( ! ,lett]s1 & ! mann] h[ !y are =m$4 ,hi!rto we h treat$ conc]n+ ! ,voice & ,brea?1 & ( ! mann] ( ! =mation ( bo? ( !m1 9 g5]al2 n[ let u see h[ ! said ,voice & ,brea? are1 z a fit ,matt] = !m1 fram$ into su* or su* ,lett]s2 = ! ,voice & ,brea? are alone ! mat]ial "p ( ,lett]s1 b ! =m ( !m is to be s\ght out f ! v>i\s ,configurations ( ^? holl[ ,*annels1 ?or\gh :i* !y pass2 ,lett]s !re=e1 n z !y be c]ta9 ,*>act]s1 b z !y are ,pron\nc$ or ,spok51 are ! ,voice & ,brea?1 div]sly ,figur$ by ! ,in/rum5ts orda9$ = ! ,spee*4 ,b "h we mu/ be pre-admoni%$ conc]n+ ! ,lett]s2 t !re is a great ,latitude almo/ among/ !m all1 & t "o & ! same ,"* is n pron\nc$ by "o & ! same ,configuration ( ! ,m\?1 yea1 9 "o & ! same ,language2 ?us a & e sometimes are s\nd$ op51 & sometimes close2 also o ha? its own ,latitude1 s z _m o!r ,lett]s also may h2 yea1 z _m z are ! div]s ,modes1 by :i* ! ,voice & ,brea? c be ,figur$1 by ! ,organs ( ,spee*2 b ! mo/ easie1 only1 & ! mo/ ,conspicu\s are receiv$ by all ,nations1 ^: numb] nev] almo/ exce$e? ,tw5ty f\r1 & h c]ta9 ,*>act]s annex$ to !m3 ,b see+ t ^! ,*>act]s are n e :]e pron\nc$ alike1 yea1 "o & ! same ,lett] sometimes is v>i\sly s\nd$ by "o & ! same ,p1 !re=e ,i h made *oice ( ! ,g]man ,lett]s1 :i* are ( my ,"m-,tongue1 & ! mo/ ,simple ( all ,lett]s1 to be exam9$ 9 ?is place3 9 z mu* z !y are = ! mo/ "p s\nd$ e :]e alike1 _! ,v[els are v ,simple1 & agreeable to ! nature ( ! ?+1 ! ,diph?ongs comp\nd$ ( !m1 d reta9 ! ,nature ( _! comp\nd+ ,v[els1 because !y are always he>d pron\nc$ 9 !m1 o!rwise1 ?an z x is 9 mo/ o!r ,languages1 :i* !y /ile liv+ ones2 = sometimes !y make _! ,diph?ongs out ( ! mo/ ,simple ,v[els1 z are au ou ai among/ ! ,fr5*1 & oe & eu among/ ! ,dut*1 or else !y h su* improp] ,diph?ongs1 t sc>ce ei!r ( _! comp\nd+ ,v[els c be he>d1 su* are oi ( ! ,fr5*1 & uy ( ! ,dut*1 n to m5tion m ,examples1 or else !y are v>i\sly s\nd$ accord+ to _! v>i\s ,plac+s1 s z if ,i 7 to tea* "s ,deaf ,fr5*-man1 ,i w\ld f ! beg9n+ tea* him1 n ! ,fr5*1 b ! ,g]man ,lett]s1 or else he w\ld be pla9ly conf\nd$4 ,nor is ! /ate ( ! ,consonants 9 bett] case = ! ,pronunciation ( "s ( !m1 is s v diff]5t1 t !re are sc>ce two ,nations1 :i* pron\nce ! ,"* g aft] ! same mann]4 ,b 9 ! ,g]man ,alphabet1 t :i* mo/ dislike? me1 is1 _! ,ord]2 :i*1 9 good tru?1 is none2 because sc>ce two ,lett]s ( ! same rank d foll[ mutually aft] "o ano!r1 :i* w\ld r5d] ! in=mation ( ,deaf ,p]sons to be s mu* ! m difficult2 :]e=e ,i h r$uc$ !m into ?is foll[+ ord]1 :i* seem$ to me to be ! mo/ natural4 a4 e4 i4 j4 y4 o4 u4 4 4 4 m4 n4 ng4 l4 r4 h4 g4 *4 s4 f4 v4 k4 c4 q4 d4 t4 b4 p4 x4 z4 ,to ^? :o obs]ve well1 x w f ?is ord] alone1 appe>1 t ,i h divid$ ?is :ole ,alphabet into ,v[els1 ,semi-v[els1 & ,consonants4 ,! ,v[els are a ,voice or ,s\nd modifi$ by a v>i\s op5+ ( ! ,m\? only1 & are ei!r ,simple1 or ,uni=m1 z a4 e4 i4 j4 y4 o4 u4 w4 ,or else !y are mixt1 :i* out ( two1 d s melt d[n into "o1 z t !y are pron\nc$ toge!r1 & are diff]5t f ,diph?ongs1 9 z mu* z _! ,v[els are successively pron\nc$3 ,n[ ^! mixt ,v[els1 are 4 4 4 :i* "s ,nations ei!r h n at all1 or else d write !m evilly2 b ( ! mann] ( ,=mation1 m %all be said h]eaft]4 ,! ,semi-v[els are a middle sort betwe5 ! ,g5u9e ,voice1 & a ,simple ,brea?1 & may at pleasure be br\ght =? 9 ! mann] z ,v[els are2 & !y are ei!r ( ! ,nose1 or ,nasall su* are m4 n4 ng4 or else !y be ( ! ,m\?1 or ,orall1 z l4 r4 ,consonants are a ,simple ,brea?1 n sonor\s1 yet v>i\sly modifi$1 & are ( ?ree k9ds3 ,= !y are ei!r pron\nc$ successively1 & may be produc$ at pleasure1 z g4 *4 s4 f4 v4 ,or are sudda9ly %ot =?2 :i* ^u t score ,i call !m explosive1 z k4 c4 q4 t4 d4 b4 p4 ,or else be+ ,comp\nd$ out ( two =ego+ ones1 _! numb] is div]se 9 div]s ,nations2 ! ,g]mans h two2 viz4 x4 & z4 ,to ?is ,division1 9 :i* ,i h _h respect *iefly to ! nature1 & mann] ( pron\nc+ ! ,lett]s1 may n imp]t95tly be add$1 t ^? ,lett]s are =m$ mo/ly 9 ?ree ,regions ( ! ,m\?1 viz4 9 ! bottom1 or ,?roat2 9 ! middle1 or 9 ! ,palate & ,tee?2 & la/ly1 9 ! utmo/ "p !re(1 or 9 ! ,lips3 ,h5ce x is1 f e "o ( _! ,classes almo/1 are ?ree sorts2 "o ,guttural1 ano!r ,d5tal1 & a ?ird ,labial2 b ( ^!1 m h]eaft]4 ,i w "h prev5t ! ,read]s :o may object to me 9 ! foll[+ ,*apt]1 t ?is my ,doctr9 w be always lame1 because all ,deaf ,p]sons1 :om we w\ld tea* by ! ,tongue1 ,lips1 c4 w nev] by _! ,sight atta9 unto ^! motions3 ,b1 besides t ! ,sight do? n give place to ! ,he>+1 z to a quick s5sibility1 ,i affirm1 t !re is no ne$ !re(1 if once !y h made b any ,progress2 = ev5 we our selves d v (t5 n he> 9 ,pronunciation ^? ,lett]s :i* ,i call ,consonants1 b we collect !m f ! ,v[els & ,semi-v[els1 commix$ toge!r ) !m3 ,no ,man1 = ,example1 %all s pron\nce b4 g4 or d4 z t he may be he>d at a hundr$ ,paces di/ant4 ,& ?is seems to me to be ! pr9cipal reason :y we c mo/ r>ely pron\nce or repeat at ! fir/ blu%1 any ^w spok5 9 a =eign ,language4 ,b be=e ,i %all unfold ! nature1 & mann] ( =m+ ! ,lett]s 9 special1 ,i judg$ t x 0 n "h to be omitt$1 h[ t z all ! ,lett]s1 yea also1 & ! ,v[els !m-selves1 _c by any means be pron\nc$1 z !y are a ,simple ,brea?1 & n sonor\s2 = :5 we1 = ,example1 d :isp] some:at to "o 9 8 ,e>1 s ! ,consonants also1 except+ ^? :i* ,i call ,explosive1 may be pron\nc$ vocally1 or ) ! ,voice conjoyn$2 & !re are ,nations :i* pron\nce ?us1 z ! ,fr5* d _! z4 & _! v4 ,i %all n[ treat ( ! ,lett]s especially1 & w exam9e !m s1 z bo? ! absolute ,simplicity ( ! ,g]man ,lett]s may be manife/$2 & o!r ,nations1 f _! ,mode ( ,=mation1 may le>n1 h[ !y ought to pron\nce !m2 ^u ?is acc\nt also1 ,i %all add h[ improp]ly "s ,nations d r5d] ! same ,lett]s 9 _! own ,language4 ,n[ 9 ?is ,explication ,i %all obs]ve ! same ord] z ,i did 9 ! ,division ( !m1 :]e readily x w appe>1 t ,voice & ,brea? are accord+ to a triple ,region ( ! ,m\?1 triply figur$ or =m$ spontane\sly4 ,!re=e ! ,simple & ,uni=m ,v[els are1 a4 e4 i4 j4 y4 o4 u4 w4 & are =m$ aft] ! foll[+ mann]4 a4 is a ,gutt]al ,v[el1 & ! mo/ ,simple ( all2 ! ,key ( ! ,alphabet1 & !re=e is by all ,nations set fir/ ( all1 except+ only 7z f> z ,i "k7 ! ,abyss9es1 by :om1 z ,ludolf te/ifie?1 x is plac$ z ! ,?irte5? ,lett]4 ,true inde$ x may be pron\nc$ by v>i\s ,plac+s ( ! ,tongue1 yet ! common1 & mo/ conv5i5t is1 t ! ,tongue %\ld be 9 its po/ure ( re/2 & !n be+ g5tly /ret*$ =? 9 ! ,m\?1 x may only lightly1 or n at all t\* ^u ! utmo/ ,bord] ( ! l[] ,tee?2 if !re=e ! l[] ,jaw be drawn d[nw>ds1 & !reby ! ,m\? be op5$1 t ! ,voice =m$ 9 ! ,?roat1 /rikes n nei!r aga9/ ! ,tee?1 nor aga9/ ! ,lips1 ?an a pla9 op5 a is he>d1 e4 i4 j4 y4 are ,d5tal ,v[els1 or ! ,voice1 :i* 9 com+ =?1 smites m or less aga9/ ! ,tee?2 ,h5ce x is t ,infants1 al?\gh !y c say ,pappa1 bo1 c4 yet c !y n pron\nce ^! ,lett]s until !y h ,tee?1 especially ! ,cutt]s1 or =e-,tee?2 & inde$ e is =m$1 :5 ! ,voice1 7! ,lips be+ g5tly op5$71 /rikes aga9/ ! ,tee? also mod]ately op5$2 n[ ! po/ure ( ! ,tongue is su*1 t x some:at presses on ea* side ^u ! ,dog-,tee? ( ! ,inf]ior ,jaw1 = s ! passage ( ! ,voice is made n>r[]1 & ! e mu* m cle>4 i4 j4 & y4 are ! same ,v[el1 pron\nc$ "o :ile m %ort1 & ano!r m long1 nor do? x /& ^u any ,f\ndation1 i sometimes do? become a ,consonant1 b !n is pron\nc$ only m swiftly1 s z toge!r ) ! foll[+ ,v[el1 x c make a ,diph?ong2 b i is =m$ aft] ! same mann] almo/1 z e except t ! ,tee? are = ! mo/ "p1 m /rick51 & ! ,tongue put close to ! ,tee?1 ! passage ( ! ,voice is r5dr$ m /rait1 :5ce a m sm>t ,s\nd also breaks =?1 :i* not)/&+1 c sometimes be h>dly di/+ui%$ f e y1 also is i pron\nc$ long] !n usually1 or i d\bl$4 o4 u4 w4 are ,labial ,v[els1 t is1 su* z are =m$ by a diff]5t positure ( ! ,lips2 also o4 & u4 are diff]5t f "o ano!r1 j z mu* z e4 & i3 ,b w4 is to u4 j z j4 is to i4 = inde$ a4 u4 w4 are =m$1 :5 ! ,tee? & ,tongue keep ! same po/ure2 b ! ,lips are m or less contract$1 ev5 z ! ,tee? are 9 e4 & i4 & s :5 !y are less /rick51 o4 is produc$1 b :5 a little m u4 or w42 b we ought c>efully to bew>e1 :il/ o4 or u4 are pron\nc$1 lea/ ! ,tee? %\ld be se52 = else a c]ta9 k9d ( a s(t e4 w be m+l$2 & in/ead ( 4 or 4 !re w be produc$ o4 or u4 ,^! ,lett]s belong to ! ,fr5*1 au & ou1 :5 nev]!less !y are no?+ else b ,diph?ongs1 also oe4 ( ! ,dut* is our u4 b v improp]ly4 ,mixt ,v[els are 4 4 4 ,^! ,*>act]s are peculi> to our ,language1 & 7 inv5t$ v +5i\sly by our ,anci5ts1 ?\gh our ,mod]ns mo/ly "k n ! reason !re(4 ,ea* ha? its simple ,"*1 because ! ,s\nd :i* !y signifie1 is only "o1 ?o' mixt2 = a4 o4 & u4 are s pron\nc$1 t ! passage ( ! ,voice1 ! ,tongue & ,tee? be+ conjoyn$ = to pron\nce1 e4 becomes ,/rait]1 & s e4 toge!r ) ! said ,lett]s1 a4 o4 u4 do? con/itute b "o only1 yet a mixt v[el4 ,! ,fr5* utt] !m by ai4 eu4 & u4 & 9 good tru?1 badly en\gh1 z any "o may see4 ,! ,dut* want 4 4 & express !m by eu4 b 4 by u4 9 no bett] a way ?an ! ,fr5*4 ,conc]n+ ! ,diph?ongs compos$ out ( ^! ,v[els1 & :i* may be !nce comp\nd$1 ,i judge x ne$less to say mu*2 = !y are no?+ else 9 our ,language ?an a m !n usual swift ,pronunciation ( ! ,compon5t ,v[els1 yet successive2 & ?us !y diff] f ! mixt ,v[els1 b h[ improp] & absurd ,diph?ongs "s ,nations h1 any "o may easily ga!r f :at ha? be5 already said4 ,! o!r sort ( ,lett]s are ,semi-,v[els1 :i* are !re=e s call$1 because t !y be =m$ inde$ out ( a ,s\nd+ ,brea? or ,voice1 b su* z 9 its progress is mu* brok54 ,!y are1 z ,i said1 ei!r ,nasalls1 or su* z are pron\nc$ ?r\gh t op5 passage1 by :i* ! ,nose op5s into ! ,holl[ ( ! ,m\?3 ,n[ ! ,voice is =c$ to g t way1 ei!r :5 x fl[s to ! ,lips %ut close1 & reb\nd+ f !nce1 is =m$ into m2 or :5 ! ,tip ( ! ,tongue is s appli$ to ! ro( ( ! ,m\?1 & to ! upp] ,tee?1 ! ,voice is made to reb\nd ?r\gh ! ,no/rils1 & s n becomes =m$2 or la/ly1 :5 toge!r ) ! h9d] "p ( ! ,tongue1 ! ,voice be+ appli$ to ! ,ro(1 is s /raitn$ t !re is no ,egress left op5 = x1 b ?r\gh ! ,nose1 & s n is =m$2 :i* is a ,s\nd1 :i* ha? no peculi> ,"* 9 any ,language1 z ,i "k (1 yet x diff]s no less f ! re/ ( ! ,nasals1 7k7 is div]s f 7t7 or 7p17 if any "o desires to try ?is by himself1 let him endeav\r to pron\nce2 hav+ 8 ,nose held close ) 8 ,f+]s1 "o ( ^! ?ree ,lett]s1 & he w n be able to d x4 ,or else ^! ,semiv[els are ,orall1 :i* are inde$ su* z are pron\nc$ ?ro' ! ,m\?1 b n s freely z are ! ,g5u9 ,v[els1 & !y be two1 7l7 & 7r27 7l7 is =m$ :5 ! ,tongue is s appli$ to ! ,ro(1 & ! upp] ,tee?1 t ! ,voice _c1 b by a small ,?r$1 z x 71 get =? by ! ,sides ( ! ,tongue2 = if y compress ! ,*eeks to ! ,gr9d]s1 y /op up ! ,passage ( ! ,voice1 & x w be v difficult = y to pron\nce ?is ,lett]1 7r17 is a ,voice fluctuat+ ) great swiftness1 & is =m$1 :5 ! m movable "p ( ! ,tongue does 9 ! tw9kl+ ( an ,eye1 (t5times /rike ^u ! ,ro( ( ! ,m\?1 & z (t5 is drawn back aga9 f x2 = ?us ! ,voice =m$ 9 ! ,?roat1 9 its pron\nc+1 fl[s & ebbs back aga91 & is utt]$1 z x 7 by ,leaps4 ,h5ce x is1 t !y1 ^: ,tongues be too heavy & moi/1 & less voluble1 w nev] pron\nce ?is ,lett]1 :e!r !y c ,he>1 or are ,deaf4 ,n[ !re /ill rema9s ! ,consonants1 or ! ,lett]s1 :i* are =m$ out ( an uns\nd+ or mute ,brea?2 yet1 out ( :i*1 "s ( ! ,semi-v[els may be made1 z g4 *4 s4 f4 v4 ,z ! ,voice is ! common matt] ( ! ,consonants1 ! %>p] "p ( :i* is 7h7 :i* is ! mo/ simple ( !m all1 & out ( :i* div]sly figurat$1 ! re/ ( !m are fram$3 ,& !y are ei!r ! ,sibilants1 :i* are =m$ out ( ,brea?1 :i* is some:at compress$ or /raitn$1 t ! pass+ ,brea? breaks =? ) a c]ta9 k9d ( ,hiss+1 & ) viol5ce4 ,"h ,i judge t we are n to pass ov] 9 sil5ce1 h[ t !re are "s p>ts 9 ,g]many1 :]e !re is s mu* ( ,aff9ity ( 7g7 ) 7k17 z 7b7 has ) 7p7 & 7d7 ) 7t17 or :]e 7g7 is pron\nc$ l 7k7 b s(t]1 s also ! ,fr5* d pron\nce _! 7g7 be=e a4 o4 u4 & ou4 7s7 is =m$1 :5 ! ,tee? & ,tongue are s clapt toge!r1 t ! ,brea? _c come =?1 b by ! ,spaces ( ! ,tee?3 ,b 7f7 or 7v7 7:i* diff]s n f 7f7 9 our ,language7 is =m$1 :5 ! nea!r ,lip is s mov$ to ! ,tee? above1 t ! ,brea? mu/ break out ?ro' ! said ,spaces ( ! ,tee?2 ph4 is 7f7 be+ a ,/rang] 9 ! ,g]man ,tongue1 & diff]s f x only 9 ! ,"*4 ,! o!r k9d ( ,consonants are explosive2 :i*1 viz4 are dis*>g$ at "o pu%1 & z x 71 9 ! tw9kl+ ( an ,eye & are no?+ else b ,brea?1 :i* be+ got close toge!r1 ei!r 9 ! =e1 middle1 or h9d] ,region ( ! ,m\?1 is dis*>g$ on a sudda92 & 7k7 is inde$ =m$ 9 ! h9d] ,region1 :5 ! h9d] "p ( ! ,tongue is mov$ to ! ,ro(1 t ! ,brea? _c break =?1 nei!r by ! ,m\?1 nor by ! ,nose1 b is sudd5ly let loose aga93 ,= ?us ! imprison$ ,brea? breaks out1 & by break+ out1 make? k4 c4 or q4 :i* 9 ,g]many are all ! same ,lett]2 9 ! middle ,region are d4 & t4 =m$1 :51 viz4 ! ,brea?1 by help ( ! ,tongues be+ mov$ to ! ,tee?1 or ,ro(1 & sudda9ly drawn back aga91 be+ m or less compress$1 ru%e? out by its own ,spr+9ess1 & s d4 or t4 is made1 :i* only diff]s1 z b4 & p4 accord+ to ! m or less2 9 ! out]mo/ ,region ( ! ,m\? are =m$1 7b7 & 7p7 :51 viz4 ! ,brea? be+ compress$ 9 ! :ole ,cavity ( ! ,m\?1 !y get out ?r\gh ! ,lips op5$4 ,la/ly2 "h foll[s ^? ,consonants1 :i* are comp\nd$ ( ,hiss+ & ,explosion1 su* are 7x7 or ks4 & 7z7 or ts4 :i* only are ! alone anomal\s or irregul> ones ( ! ,g]man ,language2 = if ,i may speak :at ,i ?9k2 we might well en\gh want ^! ,*>act]s2 yet ,i disapprove n ( ! use ( !m1 b only %ew :at might be m conv5i5t1 viz4 t ,voice or ,brea? :i* is simple1 might be express$ also by a simple ,"*1 & on ! contr>y1 t a ,"*1 :i* is simple & only "o1 w\ld signifie b "o only ,voice or ,brea?3 ,b if ! commodi\s use ( ,%ort-h& may be object$1 ,i w\ld p]swade to express all possible ,comb9ations1 ( ,v[els1 ) ,semi-v[els1 & ,consonants1 by simple ,*>act]s4 ,?is is :at ,i det]m9$ to say conc]n+ ! ,lett]s1 & _! ,=mation2 & see+ ,i am n will+ to write a ,gramm>1 :at might yet fur!r be said ( !m1 ,i pass by2 b :at ,i h p]=m$1 ,i leave x to o!rs to judge !re(1 n s mu* to tea* !m1 z by :at is "h pres5t$ to excite !m1 be+ desir\s1 z x becomes a "y ,man1 to le>n ( !m3 ,i hope !y w p>don my ,errors1 because ( my ,y\?4 ,yet c]ta9 ,i am1 _h ! anci5t ,hebrews1 ,greeks & ,romans1 ?us describ'd _! ,lett]s1 !re w\ld h be5 no cont5tion ab\t ! mann] ( ,pron\nciation4 ,,*ap4 ,,iii4 ,tea*e? ! ,me?od its self1 by :i* su* z are ,deaf1 & consequ5tly ,dumb1 may le>n to ,speak4 ,:at ha? be5 hi!rto said may en\gh suffice to obs]vant ,read]s1 inasmu* z ! ,fundam5tals ( ! :ole ,artifice1 are !re9 conta9$2 b lea/ ! curi\s %\ld compla91 t ,i h only made _! ,m\? wat]1 ,i %all +5i\sly discov] to !m :at 9 f\r ,ye>s "t1 :]e9 ,i h endeav\r$ to in/ruct "s ,deaf ,p]sons1 ,i h obs]v$ :at is wor?y1 & mo/ necess>y to be kn[n4 ,n[ :at ,i h effect$ by ?is my ,me?od1 especially to ! ,daught] ( ,mr4 ,kol>d1 a ,m]*ant ( ,h>lem1 ,i c appeal to a great "p ( ,holl&1 & univ]sally almo/ to ! :ole ,city ( ,h>lem1 & to innum]able o!r ,witnesses1 ( all ,ranks & ,conditions4 ,! fir/ ?+ :i* ,i require 9 ! ,p]son ,i am to tea*1 is1 t he be ( a docible ,wit1 & n too "y ( age2 ?an t ! ,organs ( ,spee* be rightly con/itut$ 9 him2 = /upid ,p]sons are capable ( no ,tea*+1 ^: ,age is yet too t5d]2 nor d !y m9d en\gh1 nor "k h[ ,tea*+ w be = _! ,use & ,b5efit2 b ^? ^: ,organs ( ,spee* are altoge!r unfit1 !y may le>n inde$ to und]/& o!rs :5 !y speak1 & discov] _! own ,m9d by ,writ+2 b !y w nev] le>n to speak4 ,hav+ !re=e a fit subject1 my fir/ ,c>e is to make him to s\nd =? a ,voice1 )\t :i*1 almo/ all lab\r is lo/1 b t "o po9t1 :]eby ,deaf ,p]sons d disc]n a ,voice f a ,mute ,brea?1 is a great ,my/]y ( ,art2 & if ,i may h leave to say s1 x is ! ,he>+ ( ,deaf ,p]sons1 or at lea/ equivol5t !reunto1 viz4 t trembl+ ,motion & ,titillation1 :i* !y p]ceive 9 _! own ,?roat1 :il/ !y ( _! own accord d give =? a ,voice2 t !re=e ! ,deaf may "k1 t ,i op5 my ,m\? to emitt a ,voice2 n simply to yawn1 or to draw =? a ,mute ,brea?1 ,i put _! ,h& to my ,?roat t !y may be made s5sible ( t tremul\s ,motion1 :5 ,i utt] my ,voice2 !n ,i put ! same ,h& ( !irs to _! own ,?roat1 & comm& !m to imitate me2 nor am ,i disc\rag$1 if at ! beg9n+ _! ,voice is h>% & difficult2 = 9 "t x becomes m & m polite4 ,if ,i ga9 _! ,voice1 :i* = ! mo/ "p ,i d at ! fir/ "t1 ,i soon le>n !m to pron\nce ,v[els1 viz4 ,i bid !m s to mod]ate ! op5+ ( _! ,m\?1 :il/ !y d =m a ,voice 9 _! ,?roat1 z ,i h said above1 conc]n+ ! ,=mation ( ! ,v[els2 b t !y may d t ! m easily1 ,i hold a ,look+-,glass to !m1 because !y _c f ,sight alone imitate ^? div]se ,motions ( ! ,jaws1 ( ! ,tongue1 & ( ! ,lips1 unless !y _h (t5times tri$ x be=e a ,look+-,glass4 ,!nce ,i le>n$1 t t common belief1 7t s soon z ,he>+ is re/or$ to ,deaf ,p]sons1 !y w speak7 to be false1 = x seems n to me1 t !re is s great a cons5t betwixt ! ,organs ( ,voice1 & ( ,he>+1 t at ! fir/ blu% !y c imitate a ,voice t is he>d2 b by (t5 imitat+ a ,voice or ,brea? receiv$ f ano!r1 & also by he>+ _! own at ! same "t1 we f9d at l5g? a lik5ess betwe5 bo?1 & aft] ?is mann] we all le>n to speak2 = he :o le>ns to speak1 x is all "o1 z if he did le>n "s o!r ,art2 = by a long accu/om+1 ! ,organs are r5d]$ apt & pliable3 ,h5ce x is1 t sometimes we come n to pron\nce aright ,=eign ,lett]s b aft] a long "t4 ,n[1 x w\ld be well obs]v$ or consid]$1 t ,i pres5tly prescribe all ! ,lett]s to ,deaf ,p]sons1 or else !y c\ld n fix 9 _! ,m9ds _! ,idea's ( !m1 & ,i seldom tea* m ?an two or ?ree ,lett]s 9 "o day1 lea/ ! ,idea's be conf\nd$2 b ,i bid !m v (t5 to repeat !m1 & to write !m d[n z !y are pron\nc$ by me4 ,b if by *ance1 z x sometimes happ5e?1 t !y %\ld pron\nce "o ,lett] = ano!r2 ,i blame !m n1 b r comm5d !m1 & grant ) a nodd t !y h satisfi$ me1 & =?) ,i write d[n ! ,"* ( t ,lett] ^u ,pap]1 t !y may knit toge!r ! ,idea !re( ) its figure4 ,9 ! int]im1 :il/ !y le>n ! ,v[els1 ,i v (t5 put _! ,h& to my ,?roat1 t !y may be accu/om$ to give =? a ,s\nd4 ,:5 ! ,v[els are become famili> to !m1 ,i g next to ! ,semi-v[els1 :i* sometimes are m difficult1 especially ! ,nasals2 = ,deaf ,p]sons1 unless !y be taught1 nev] give =? ! ,voice by ! ,nose1 !reupon ,i beg9 ) m4 z t :i* is mo/ pla91 & easi] le>nt ?an ! re/1 s t !y !reby may be accu/om$ to give a ,s\nd at lea/ ?ro' ! ,nose2 !re=e ,i bid !m %ut toge!r _! ,lips1 & putt+ _! ,h& to _! ,?roat1 to give =? a ,voice1 & by t means !y necess>ily pron\nce m4 & n em4 z x's vulg>ly pron\nc$4 ,! ,daught] ( ,mr4 ,kol>d1 be=e %e 0 committ$ to my ,c>e1 c\ld inde$ say ,pappa2 = inde$ x is a little ^w1 :i* is almo/ born ) u2 b h] ,fa!r did confess1 t he _h m ?an #ajjj times tri$ 9 va9 to make h] say ,mamma1 :i* yet ,i ,i br\ght h] to 9 a small "t4 ,& n[1 ,read]1 ,i commit to !e ano!r ,secret1 viz4 t if a ,deaf ,p]son be committ$ to !e to tea*1 bew>e t y d n tea* him to pron\nce toge!r ,semi-v[els & ,consonants1 toge!r ) _! annex$ ,v[els2 z = example1 em4 en4 ka4 ef4 te1 c4 ,= ?us !y w\ld le>n nei!r to read1 nor rightly to pron\nce any ^w4 ,! p[] & =ce ( ,semi-v[els & ,consonants consi/s n 9 ! adjoyn$ ,v[els1 b 9 a peculi> ,voice or ,brea?2 & :5 y w\ld h a ,deaf ,p]son to say ,tafel or ,sw>tz1 y %all he> f him no?+ else b ,te4 a4 ef4 e4 el4 or ,es4 we4 a4 er4 te4 zet4 :i* is v unc\?1 nor c y easily m5d x3 ,b by ?is ,me?od1 s soon z ev] !y "k _! ,lett]s1 !y beg9 to read2 = to read is only to pron\nce ! ,lett]s successively4 ,"h note well1 t 9 ! ,s*ools ?is v ?+ w\ld be ( great use1 *iefly :5 !y are taught ,languages1 ^: ,lett]s are express$ by :ole words1 z ,alpha1 ,omega1 ,gimel1 d\ble u1 zet1 c4 ,= m "t is lo/1 & ! desire ( ,le>n+ tak5 away f ,*ildr51 be=e !y are able to ab/ract ! ,lett]s ( ^! ,s\nds1 & to connect !m toge!r 9 ,read+2 s t x is v mu* to be wond]'d at1 t ?is mo/ em95t %ort way ( read+ ha? hi!rto la9 hid 9 ! d>k4 ,! o!r ,nasalls u & ng h no?+ peculi>1 unless x be t ,i %ew ! ,deaf ! po/ure ( ! ,tongue 9 a ,look+-,glass1 & put _! ,h& to my ,nose1 :]eby !y may be s5sible1 t !re comes =? ?or\gh ! ,no/rils a ,s\nd+ ,brea?4 ,:5 ,i tea* !m l4 ,i bid !m to apply ! ,tongue to ! upp] ,tee?2 b to ! ,cutt]s1 & to ! ,dog-,tee? only1 t !n !y may emit a ,voice ?ro' ! ,m\? ,i make a ,sign ) my ,h&2 b lea/1 in/ead ( l4 !y %\ld pron\nce n4 :i* comes to pass :5 ! ,tongue do? s h9d] ! com+ =? ( ! ,voice1 t x returns to get out by ! ,no/rils2 !re=e1 till !y are bett] accu/om$1 ,i g5tly compress ! ,no/rils ) my ,f+]s4 ,! ,lett] r is ! mo/ difficult ( all ! re/1 yet among/ six ,deaf ,p]sons1 :i* ,i h hi!rto in/ruct$1 f\r ( !m pron\nce x ) ! greate/ eas9ess2 ! o!r two _c =m x1 b 9 _! ,jaws2 b ,i tea* !m1 by mov+ ! ,h& "o :ile to ! ,?roat1 & ano!r :ile to ! ,m\?1 :]eby !y may1 z x 71 feel ! subsult+ & int]rupt$ ,expulsion ( ! ,voice2 also ,i bid !m to look (t5 9 ! ,glass1 to obs]ve ! tremul\s & fluctuat+ ,motion ( ! ,tongue2 b no "o c expect at ! fir/ trial1 ! g5u9 ,pron\nciation ( ?is ,lett]4 ,:5 ! ,v[els & ,semi-v[els are well inculcat$ into !m1 ! ,consonants are le>nt )\t any tr\ble almo/1 = !y are a ,simple & ,mute ,brea?1 com+ =?1 ei!r successively1 or sudd5ly1 accord+ to ! v>i\s ,op5+s ( ! ,m\?1 & only ) putt+ ! ,h& to ! ,m\? almo/1 !y may all easily be le>n$4 h is ! mo/ simple ( all1 nor is x any ?+ else b ,air1 :i* is brea!d out ?ick]1 & m swiftly4 g or *4 is %>p] ?an h :i* ,i tea* ?us1 :5 ,i %ew to my ,deaf ,pati5ts ! po/ure ( ! ,tongue 9 a ,look+-,glass1 & give !m to feel ! expir+ ,brea?2 x is s 9 l mann] ) s & f insomu*1 z no?+ is m easie ?an !y1 & :i* may mo/ easily be le>n$ by ! =e-go+ ,description4 ,i c tea* a ,deaf ,man1 7?\gh he 7 bl9d7 ! ,explosive ,consonants2 = if ,i cause him to feel ! ,brea? dis*>g$ ^u him1 he w\ld necess>ily pron\nce "o ( ! ?ree2 = ,i bid him to look simply on my ,m\? & ,tongue1 & !n hav+ put 8 ,h& to my ,m\?1 ,i pron\nce ei!r k4 or b4 p4 or d4 t4 & comm& him to d ! l4 7x47 & 7z47 are pron\nc$ no o!rwise ?an is 7ks47 or 7gs47 7:5 7g7 is an ,explosive ,consonant7 & 7ts47 :]e=e ,i %all add no?+ conc]n+ !m4 ,deaf ,p]sons are to be dilig5tly accu/om$ to pron\nce ^! ,semi-v[els1 n4 ng4 l4 r4 also ! foll[+ ,consonants2 h4 g4 k4 t4 ) "s k9d ( op5+ ! ,m\?1 else !y may joyn !m sometimes ) c]ta9 ,v[els1 n )\t a notable yawn+1 a discordant noise4 ,n[ 9 g5]al1 ,w9t]-"t is fitt] almo/ = to in/ruct ! ,deaf1 because !n !y see ! ,brea? com+ =? f ! ,m\?1 :il/ ,pron\nciation is 9 do+4 ,:5 !re=e ,i taught any ,deaf ,p]son to pron\nce ! ,lett]s hi!rto enum]at$1 & t "o by "o1 ,i taught him s to utt] two or ?ree ( ! easie/1 t !re %\ld be int]/ice betwe5 !m2 z = example1 ab4 am4 da4 fa4 ef4 c4 s t !y might be accu/om$ to pron\nce ! ,lett]s successively2 !n by degrees ,i use !m to ! m difficult ,comb9ations1 mutually mix+ ,v[els1 ,semi-v[els & ,consonants1 & ?us ) little tr\ble !y le>n to read2 b if :5 !y h read any ?+1 ,i bid !m look ^u my ,m\?1 & to repeat ! same aft] x ha? be5 pron\nc$ by me2 = ?us !y become by degrees to be accu/om$ to imitate ! humane ,voice1 only by look+ on2 b ,i am unwill+ to tire !m out ) ?is lab\r1 tr\blesome en\gh1 until !y h pr(it$ mu*1 because !y may be fright$ ) x4 ,9 ! mean "t we mu/ endeav\r dilig5tly2 t :5 "o ,consonant foll[s ano!r ,consonant1 z ps4 kt4 ks4 s*4 c4 or a ,semi-v[el1 z ls4 lk4 md4 c4 t !y d imm$iately joyn !m 9 ,pron\nciation1 lea/ "s 7i7 or 7e7 be he>d betwe5 !m1 :i* unless x be cauti\sly avoid$1 (t5 happ5s4 ,:5 !y c read1 & 9 a mann] und]/& o!rs :5 !y speak1 ,i treat !m l new-born ,babes2 fir/1 ,i tea* !m ,n\ns1 :i* are obvi\s1 z well ,sub/antives z ,adjectives1 s also ! mo/ necess>y ,v]bs & ,adv]bs1 ?an ,decl9ations & ,conjugations2 b "h t five-fold turn+ ,orb 0 ( mo/ excell5t use to me1 x be+ a ri* ,treasury ( ! :ole ,g]man ,tongue1 :i* ,i f\nd 9 ! ,ma!matical ,delights ( ,sw5t]1 ,i augm5t$ x1 & appli$ x also to ! ,dut* ,idiome2 out ( x may !y quickly1 & ) pleasure le>n all possible ,comb9ations ( ,v[els1 ,semi-v[els1 & ,consonants1 also all t]m9ations ( ,g]man words1 & t z well ,d]ivatives z ,comp\nds4 ,! fir/ ,orb conta9s ,prepositions & small ,mono-,syllables1 ) :i* ,n\ns & ,v]bs are comp\nd$2 ! second1 ! ,initial ,lett]s2 ! ?ird1 ,v[els & ,diph?ongs2 ! f\r?1 ! ,f9al ,lett]s2 la/ly1 all ! ,g]man ,t]m9ations4 ,b !re seems to be a great difficulty1 t "s ,lett]s1 z e4 & i4 a4 & u4 are utt]$ by ! same op5+ ( ! ,m\?1 & consequ5tly !y mu/ ne$s be conf\nd$2 b 9 good tru?1 x's ( small mom5t1 because = ! mo/ "p ! diff]5ce is n he$$1 & ! ,lett]s1 :i* accord+ to _! nature1 are by f>1 m diff]5t1 are writt5 almo/ aft] ! same mann]1 *iefly :5 !y are pron\nc$ ha/ily1 z m4 & n4 r4 & n4 a4 & o4 c4 :i* yet puts no /op to an ex]cis$ ,read]4 ,o!rs object1 t ! ,deaf ?us taught1 w1 x may be1 und]/& no ,body b my self3 ,inde$1 ?is difficulty ,teems to h some?+ ( weight 9 x2 b we mu/ "k1 t ,m5/ ,m5 pron\nce mo/ ,lett]s badly alike1 & write _! ,*>act]s neglig5tly2 b ) su* a "o :o le>ns to speak1 x is all "o z x is ) him1 :o is taught to read o!r ,m5's ,writ+s3 ,= fir/1 he c sc>ce read any ?+ b :at is writt5 by 8 ,ma/]1 & !n ! ,writ+s ( 8 ,s*ool-fell[s2 & la/ly1 !re is no?+ :i* he _c read1 ?o' v badly writt51 x is !re=e n to be wondr$ at1 if ^? ,i tea* to speak1 d at ! beg9n+ m easily und]/& me1 ?an o!rs2 7= ,i pron\nce ! ,lett]s 9 _! full ext5sion7 & n lamely 7z _m are wont to d7 & aft] t !y come to und]/& _! ,dome/icks & ,famili>s1 & at la/1 any ,body4 ,"h 9 ! end ,i add1 t mo/ ( ! ,lett]s may be =m$1 z well by inspir+ z by expir+1 :i* ?+ ,i h v mu* wondr$ at 9 "s ,p]sons1 :o speak out ( ! ,belly3 ,& once at ,am/]dam ,i he>d an old ,woman speak+ bo? ways1 & made answ]s to h] self1 z to que/ions1 s z ,i w\ld h sworn t %e talk$ ) h] ,husb& two or ?ree ,paces di/ant f h]2 = ! ,voice be+ swall[$ up 9 h] 9 ,brea?+1 w\ld seem to come f f>4 ,behold1 ,read]1 a small ,tract ( ?ree days2 if ?\ wilt (f] any ?+ m1 "r & true1 ,i w receive x ) ?ank3 ,!re are yet "s o!r ?+s1 viz4 h[ a deaf ,p]son may be made1 s z to be able to disc]n f "o ! o!r1 "s ,lett]s pron\nc$ by ano!r1 z m4 f b4 n4 f d4 ng4 f k4 c4 or h[ ! quantity ( ,syllables is to be gov]n'd4 ,b ^!1 & ! l1 c sc>ce be le>nt1 b by tea*+4 ,a ^w is en\gh to ! ,wise4 ,,! ,,conclusion4 ,! ,au?or is ?9k+ to turn ?is small ,treatise into ! ,dut*1 & v spe$ily1 ,god will+1 to publi% x = ! good ( ! ,nation1 & w s adapt x to ! ,idiom !re(1 z to make x to be acc\nt$ prop]4 ,no?+ be+ m 9 ! ,au?ors c>e ?an t by ?is 8 sl5d] endeav\r1 he %all /ir up "s "o to p]=m ! l1 or at lea/ to attempt x3 ,n[ if !re occurs to any ,body1 any ?+1 ei!r too h>d1 or n suffici5tly expla9$1 he may expect a m full ,edition1 or else let him repair to ! ,au?or1 :o accord+ to ! ,light grant$ unto him1 w refuse no?+ to any ,man4 ,,! ,,end4 ,books ,pr9t$ = ,?o4 ,h[k9s1 9 ,george ,y>d1 ,lumb>d-,/reet4 ,humane ,prud5ce2 or ! ,compleat ,/ates-,man4 ,address'd to ! ,"r ,hon\rable ! ,e>l ( ,nott+ham4 #j;ct4 ,price bd4 #b s4 sops ,fables1 9 ,engli%2 adorn$ ) _m curi\s ,sculptures cut on ,copp] ,plates1 9 ,oct4 ,price ,b\nd1 #c s4 #f d4 ,! ,n>r[ ,pa? ( ,div9e ,tru?1 describ'd f liv+ ,practice1 c4 ,by ,f4,m4 ,vanbelmont1 #abs4 ,price bd4 #a s4 #f d4 ,holwell's ,trigonometry1 9 ,oct4 ,price b\nd #a s4 ,a ,rational way ( ,tea*+1 :]eby ,*ildr5 & o!rs may be in/ruct$ 9 true ,read+1 ,pron\nc+ & ,writ+ ( ! ,engli% ,tongue1 9 an easi] & spe$i] ,me?od1 ?an any hi!rto ,publi%$1 by ,j4 ,osborn1 ,s*4 ,ma/4 ,oct4 ,price b\nd #a s4 ,m&ys ,m>r[ ( ,measur+1 9 ,oct4 ,price b\nd #d s4 ,dr4 ,ev]>d's ,works1 9 ,oct4 ,price b\nd #e s4 ,! ,artless ,midnight ,?\ghts ( a ,g5tleman at ,c\rt1 c4 ,! second ,edition1 by ,sir ,william ,kiligrew1 9 ,oct4 ,price b\nd1 #c s4 ,salmon's ,practical ,physick1 9 ,oct4 ,price b\nd #e s4 ,! ,p5s mo/ easie & exact ,improvem5t1 tea*+ to spell1 read & write1 c4 ,9 ,qu>to ,price #a s4 ,! exp]i5c$ ,in/ruct]1 or a ,legacy left to ,po/]ity1 c4 ,oct4 ,price #f d4 ,! ,art ( %ort & swift ,writ+1 )\t any ,*>act]s1 or ,*>ge to ! ,memory4 ,9 ,oct4 ,price #d d4 ,) ,pap]1 & ,pap]-,books1 ,blank-,bonds1 & ,releases ( all sorts1