,the ,song of our ,syrian ,guest by ,william ,allen ,knight ,illustrations and ,decorative ,designs by ,charles ,copeland #aijd ,psalm ,,xxiii ,the ,lord is my shepherd2 ,i shall not want4 ,he maketh me to lie down in green pastures3 he leadeth me beside the still waters4 ,he restoreth my soul3 he leadeth me in the paths of righteousness for his name's sake4 ,yea1 though ,i walk through the valley of the shadow of death1 ,i will fear no evil3 for thou art with me2 thy rod and thy staff they comfort me4 ,thou preparest a table before me in the presence of mine enemies2 thou anointest my head with oil2 my cup runneth over4 ,surely goodness and mercy shall follow me all the days of my life3 and ,i will dwell in the house of the ,lord for ever4 ,to the hand that held the tea-ball and the faces of two little maids ,salutation ,three months have gone by since this little child of my heart went out into the world1 a strayling in the scanty dress of a booklet4 ,in that time many thousands have looked kindly on the little wanderer and welcomed it into their homes4 ,letters from everywhere have come in1 saying in effect3 ,it came to my door yesterday1 and its voice has been sweet to me1 and ,i am glad to have it stay with me4 ,for all this ,i am most thankful4 ,but it is hard to realize that the small circle of those who loved this story a few months ago has grown now to a multitude4 ,surely none of us ought to be surprised that our story has itself grown under all this kindness1 after the manner of children4 ,indeed1 as we are sending it forth newly clothed1 ,i find that it is larger by half than when ,i last prepared it for journeying4 ,i am set to wondering whether it will not grow quite away from me and have a life of its own4 ,healthy children do that very thing usually1 and wise parents are willing to have it so4 ,but ,i cannot cease to remember that this story is out of my own life4 ,it lay in my heart unborn for long4 ,it came forth in a time of shock and pain4 ,there is ,one who knows why its face is unmarred and bright with the gladness of trust4 ,i think ,god has let it speak to so many hearts for this reason4 ,go then1 little story2 be bearer of thy message of cheer and glad restfulness4 ,i cannot follow thee into lives that need to hear thy voice2 but speak thou to them1 and ,i shall be content4 ,yet ,i know1 friends of mine1 that as you look up somewhere in the world from these pages1 you will want to ask me a question4 ,it has been asked and answered many times already4 ,because ,i know some of you are in sick-rooms1 some are lonely and some companioned by grief1 some are poor and some for the time are misunderstood1 some are discouraged and some feel themselves little loved1 some are young and cannot find their way1 and some are old and wayworn1--because ,i know all of you have need of the ,shepherd's watch1 ,i want to answer your question4 ,yes1 we did indeed have such a guest1 a man whose home was among the ,syrian shepherds1 a man who well knew the life which rightly interprets the ,shepherd ,psalm4 ,i give my word that this story's message about the ,psalm's meaning is straight from ,david's land4 ,we had such a guest and he told us these things out of the life of his people1 as we sat together one night over fragrant cups of tea4 ,w4 ,a4 ,k4 ,boston1 ,january1 #aijd4 ,can there be anything more poetic than this life of the ,syrian shepherd8 ,it ought to be religious1 too4 ,far1 far away1 out on the lone mountain1 with the everlasting hills around1 and heaven above1 pure1 blue1 and high1 and still4 ,there go and worship in solemn silence and soul-subduing solitude1 worship the ,most ,high ,god in his temple not made with hands4 ,and now the lights are out in the village1 the shepherds are asleep by the side of their flocks1 the tinkling bell from the fold falls faintly on the still night air1 and the watch-dog bays drowsily from his kennel at the gate4 ,good night1 fair world2 'tis time to seek repose4 ,let us first read and meditate upon that delightful chapter1 the tenth of ,st4 ,john1 where our blessed ,saviour appropriates all these characters of a good shepherd to himself4 ,the ,land and the ,book4 ,faduel ,moghabghab1 said our guest1 laughing as he leaned over the tea-table toward two little maids1 vainly trying to beguile their willing and sweetly puckered lips into pronouncing his name4 ,faduel ,moghabghab1 he repeated in syllables1 pointing to the card he had passed to them4 ,accent the u and drop those g's which your little throats cannot manage1 he went on kindly1 while the merriment sparkled in his dark eyes1 and his milk-white teeth1 seen through his black moustache as he laughed1 added beauty to his delicate and vivacious face4 ,he was a man of winsome mind1 this ,syrian guest of ours1 and the spirituality of his culture was as marked as the refinement of his manners4 ,we shall long remember him for the tales told that evening of his home in ,ainzehalta on the slope of the ,syrian mountains1 but longest of all for what he said out of the memories of his youth about a shepherd song4 ,it was out of the shepherd life of my country1 he remarked1 that there came long ago that sweetest religious song ever written--the ,twenty-third ,psalm4 ,after the ripple of his merriment with the children had passed he turned to me with a face now serious and pensive1 and said3 ,ah1 so many things familiar to us are strange to you of ,america4 ,yes1 ,i answered1 and no doubt because of this we often make mistakes which are more serious than mispronunciation of your modern names4 ,he smiled pleasantly1 then with earnestness said3 ,so many things in the life of my people1 the same now as in the days of old1 have been woven into the words of the ,bible and into the conceptions of religious ideas as expressed there2 you of the ,western world1 not knowing these things as they are1 often misunderstand what is written1 or at least fail to get a correct impression from it4 ,tell us about some of these1 ,i ventured1 with a parental glance at two listening little faces4 ,after mentioning several instances1 he went on3 ,and there is the shepherd psalm3 ,i find that it is taken among you as having two parts1 the first under the figure of shepherd life1 the second turning to the figure of a banquet with the host and the guest4 ,oh1 we have talked about that1 said my lady of the teacups as she dangled the tea-ball with a connoisseur's fondness1 and we have even said that we wished the wonderful little psalm could have been finished in the one figure of shepherd life4 ,it seems to us1 ,i added1 wishing to give suitable support to my lady's rather brave declaration of our sense of a literary flaw in the matchless psalm1 it seems to us to lose the sweet1 simple melody and to close with strange1 heavy chords when it changes to a scene of banquet hospitality4 ,do you mean that it actually keeps the shepherd figure to the end8 ,certainly1 good friends4 ,with keen personal interest ,i asked him to tell us how we might see it as a shepherd psalm throughout4 ,so we listened and he talked1 over the cooling teacups4 ,it is all1 all a simple shepherd psalm1 he began4 ,see how it runs through the round of shepherd life from first word to last4 ,with softly modulated voice that had the rhythm of music and the hush of veneration in it1 he quoted3 ',the ,lord is my shepherd2 ,i shall not want4' ,there is the opening strain of its music2 in that chord is sounded the keynote which is never lost till the plaintive melody dies away at the song's end4 ,all that follows is that thought put in varying light4 ,i wish it were possible to reproduce here the light in his face and the interchange of tones in his mellow voice as he went on4 ,he talked of how the varied needs of the sheep and the many-sided care of the shepherd are pictured with masterly touch in the short sentences of the psalm4 ,each is distinct and adds something too precious to be merged and lost1 he said4 ',he maketh me to lie down in green pastures1'--nourishment1 rest4 ',he leadeth me beside the still waters1'--the scene changes and so does the meaning4 ,you think here of quietly flowing streams2 so you get one more picture of rest2 but you miss one of the finest scenes in shepherd life and one of the rarest blessings of the soul that is led of ,god4 ,all through the day's roaming the shepherd keeps one thing in mind4 ,he must lead his flock to a drinking-place4 ,the refreshment of good water makes the coveted hour of all the day2 the spot where it is found amid the rough1 waterless hills and plains is the crowning token of the shepherd's unfailing thoughtfulness4 ,when at last the sheep are led 'beside the still waters1' how good it is1 after the dust and heat of the sheep-walks6 ,would you get the shepherd meaning here8 ,then remember that streams are few in the shepherd country of ,bible lands4 ,the shepherds do not rely on them4 ,even where streams are found1 their beds and banks are usually broken and their flow rough4 ,sheep are timid and fear a current of water1 as they well may for they are easily carried down stream because of their wool4 ,poor things1 how do they ever get a good drink8 exclaimed one of the two little maids1 whose heart was always open lovingly to animals4 ,the shepherd sees to that1 doesn't he8 said the other timidly1 with earnest eyes set on our guest4 ,his face beamed with winsome relish of these tributes to his success4 ,yes1 the sheep would indeed have a hard time finding water to drink1 were it not that the shepherd sees to that4 ,the playfulness faded from his eyes and the shadow of manhood's years was there as he said to me3 ,brother1 you and ,i have learned how much is in that question and answer4 ,how would we get the refreshment we need in the rough world1 if the ,shepherd did not see to that8 ,but he does1 he does6 ,his face brightened again as he turned to the four blue eyes across the table4 ,shall ,i tell you how the shepherd sees to it that the sheep have a good drink every day8 ,listen3 ,there are wells and fountains all through the vast regions where the flocks roam1 and in some parts there are cisterns1 though the sheep like the living water best4 ,the shepherds know where these drinking-places are all through the treeless country where streams are few4 ,it is a fine sight to see the shepherds bring their flocks 'beside the still waters' at some well or fountain1 while the wide1 silent country over which they and many other sheep have wandered1 spreads all around them1 and the full expanse of the sky arches over them4 ,the shepherd makes a certain sound2 all his sheep lie down and are quiet4 ,then he fills the drinking-troughs4 ,the bubbling of the fountain1 or the current1 if it be by a stream1 is no longer there to trouble the sheep4 ,they can drink now undisturbed4 ,this is the delicate meaning of that word 'still4' ,as the ,hebrew words put it1 ',he leadeth beside the waters of quietness4' ,then the waiting sheep hear a whistle or a call4 ,they never misunderstand2 they know their shepherd's voice and never respond to the wrong shepherd if several flocks have come up together4 ,and strangest of all1 the sheep come up by groups2 the shepherd makes them understand4 ,so in groups he leads them until they stand 'beside the still waters4' ,and1 oh1 how they drink1 with the shepherd standing near6 ,after a pause1 with a far-off look in his eyes1 he said1 ,it is a beautiful scene1 so beautiful that ,st4 ,john has used it in picturing heaven4 ,a smile broke over his face as he quoted3 ',the ,lamb that is in the midst of the throne shall be their shepherd1 and shall guide them unto fountains of waters of life4' ,no one spoke as he sat turning his teacup4 ,a tear started from his dropped eyes4 ,presently he seemed to recall himself4 ,but ,i must tell you one more scene that comes to my memory whenever ,i read the words1 'he leadeth me beside the still waters4' ,it would make a beautiful picture if some one would paint it4 ,up in the mountainsides of ,lebanon1 where my kinsmen have long been shepherds1 often there are no regular drinking-places1 such as the wells and fountains on the plains4 ,but as the shepherd leads his sheep over the rough slopes he finds many a spring and sees its rivulet noisily down a crevice4 ,his sheep need water4 ,they cannot drink from the leaping little stream4 ,what does he do8 ,he finds a suitable turn or nook in its course2 he walls it up with a little dam and so holds the water till it forms a quiet pool4 ,then1 right there on the open hills1 he leads his sheep 'beside the still waters4' ,i know of nothing more fit to picture the ,shepherd's care of souls that trust him than that scene up there on the mountainside4 ,while our thoughts were carried away to these scenes of thirsty flocks drinking1 ,i chanced to notice that the tea-ball was again quietly at work4 ,as we sat thinking on that picture up in the mountain1 a good hand offered our guest a fresh cup4 ,he received it with a low bow1 sipped it in quiet1 then with a grateful smile began speaking again3 ',he restoreth my soul4' ,you know1 he said1 turning to me1 that soul means the life or one's self in the ,hebrew writings4 ,then addressing us all he went on3 ,there are perilous places for the sheep on all sides1 and they seem never to learn to avoid them4 ,the shepherd must ever be on the watch4 ,and there are private fields and sometimes gardens and vineyards here and there in the shepherd country2 if the sheep stray into them and be caught there it is forfeited to the owner of the land4 ,so1 'he restoreth my soul' means1 ',the shepherd brings me back and rescues me from fatal and forbidden places4' ',restores me when wandering1' is the way it is put in one of our hymns1 ,i interposed4 ,ah1 sir1 that is it exactly1 he answered1 'restores me when wandering6' ',he leadeth me in the paths of righteousness for his name's sake4' ,often have ,i roamed through the shepherd country in my youth and seen how hard it is to choose the right path for the sheep2 one leads to a precipice1 another to a place where the sheep cannot find the way back2 and the shepherd was always going ahead1 'leading' them in the right paths1 proud of his good name as a shepherd4 ,some paths that are right paths still lead through places that have deadly perils4 ',yea1 though ,i walk through the valley of the shadow of death1' is the way the psalm touches this fact in shepherd life4 ,this way of naming the valley is very true to our country4 ,i remember one near my home called 'the valley of robbers1' and another1 'the ravine of the raven4' ,you see 'the valley of the shadow of death' is a name drawn from my country's old custom4 ',for thou art with me4' ,ah1 how could more be put into few words6 ,with the sheep1 it matters not what the surroundings are1 nor how great the perils and hardships2 if only the shepherd is with them1 they are content4 ,there is no finer picture of the way of peace for the troubled in all the world4 ,to show how much the presence of the shepherd counts for the welfare of the sheep ,i can think of nothing better than the strange thing ,i now tell you4 ,it is quite beyond the usual1 daily care on which the flock depends so fondly4 ,but ,i have seen it more than once4 ,sometimes1 in spite of all the care of the shepherd and his dogs1 a wolf will get into the very midst of the flock4 ,the sheep are wild with fright4 ,they run and leap and make it impossible to get at the foe in their midst1 who at that very moment may be fastening his teeth in the throat of a helpless member of the flock4 ,but the shepherd is with them4 ,he knows what to do even at such a time4 ,he leaps to a rock or hillock that he may be seen and heard4 ,then he lifts his voice in a long call1 something like a wolf's cry3 ',ooh6 ooh6' ,on hearing this1 the sheep remember the shepherd2 they heed his voice2 and1 strange to tell1 the poor1 timid creatures1 which were helpless with terror before1 instantly rush with all their strength into a solid mass4 ,the pressure is irresistible2 the wolf is overcome2 frequently he is crushed to death1 while the shepherd stands there on a rock crying1 ',ooh6 ooh6' ',i will fear no evil3 for art with me4' ,he paused1 looking questioningly at one and another4 ,yes1 ,i said at last1 'in all these things we are more than conquerors through him that loved us4' ,he bowed his satisfaction in silence4 ',thy rod and thy staff'--this also is true to life2 the double expression covers the whole round of protecting care4 ,for the shepherds carry a crook for guiding the sheep and a weapon suitable for defending them1 the rod and the staff2 one for aiding them in places of need along peaceful ways1 the other for defense in perils of robbers and wild beasts4 ,this saying describes with the ease of mastery how much those words mean1 ',thou art with me4' ,and what shall ,i say of the next words1 ',thy rod and thy staff they comfort me'8 ,ah1 madam1 you should see the sheep cuddle near the shepherd to understand that word1 ',they comfort me4' ,the shepherd's call ',ta-a-a-a1 ho-o-o1' and the answering patter of feet as the sheep hurry to him1 are fit sounds to be chosen out of the noisy world to show what comfort ,god gives to souls that heed his voice2 and those sounds have been heard in my country this day as they were the day this shepherd psalm was written6 ,he sat in silence a moment musing as if the sound were in his ear4 ,with quiet animation he lifted his thin hand and continued3 ,now here is where you drop the shepherd figure and put in a banquet and so lose the fine climax of completeness in the shepherd's care4 ,it need not be said that we were eager listeners now1 for our guest was all aglow with memories of his far-off homeland and we felt that we were about to see new rays of light flash from this rarest gem in the song-treasury of the world4 ',thou preparest a table before me in the presence of mine enemies4' ,in the same hushed voice in which he quoted these words he added3 ,ah1 to think that the shepherd's highest skill and heroism should be lost from view as the psalm begins to sing of it1 and only an indoor banquet thought of6 ,again he sat a little time in quiet4 ,then he said3 ,the word for table here means simply 'something spread out' and so a prepared meal1 however it is set forth4 ,there is no higher task of the shepherd in my country than to go from time to time to study places and examine the grass and find a good and safe feeding-place for his sheep4 ,all his skill and often great heroism are called for4 ,there are many poisonous plants in the grass and the shepherd must find and avoid them4 ,the sheep will not eat certain poisonous things1 but there are some which they will eat1 one kind of poisonous grass in particular4 ,a cousin of mine once lost three hundred sheep by a mistake in this hard task4 ,then there are snake holes in some kinds of ground1 and1 if they be not driven away1 the snakes bite the noses of the sheep4 ,the shepherd sometimes burns the fat of hogs along the ground to do this4 ,sometimes the shepherd finds ground where moles have worked their holes just under the surface4 ,snakes lie in these holes with their heads sticking up ready to bite the grazing sheep4 ,the shepherds know how to drive them away as they go along ahead of the sheep4 ,and around the feeding-ground which the shepherd thus prepares1 in holes and caves in the hillsides there are jackals1 wolves1 hyenas1 and panthers1 too1 and the bravery and skill of the shepherd are at the highest point in closing up these dens with stones or slaying the wild beasts with his long-bladed knife4 ,of nothing do you hear shepherds boasting more proudly than of their achievements in this part of their care of flocks4 ,and now1 he exclaimed with a beaming countenance and suppressed feeling1 as if pleading for recognition of the lone shepherd's bravest act of devotion to his sheep1 and now do you not see the shepherd figure in that quaint line1 ',thou preparest a table before me in the presence of mine enemies'8 ,yes1 ,i answered2 and ,i see that ,god's care of a man out in the world is a grander thought than that of seating him at an indoor banquet-table4 ,but what about anointing the head with oil and the cup running over8 ,go on1 my friend4 ,oh1 there begins the beautiful picture at the end of the day4 ,the psalm has sung of the whole round of the day's wandering1 all the needs of the sheep1 all the care of the shepherd4 ,now the psalm closes with the last scene of the day4 ,at the door1 of the sheepfold the shepherd stands and 'the rodding of the sheep' takes place4 ,the shepherd stands1 turning his body to let the sheep pass2 he is the door1 as ,christ said of himself4 ,with his rod he holds back the sheep while he inspects them one by1 one as they pass into the fold4 ,he has the horn filled with olive-oil and he has cedar-tar1 and he anoints a knee bruised on the rocks or a side scratched by thorns4 ,and here comes one that is not bruised but is simply worn and exhausted2 he bathes its face and head with the refreshing olive-oil and he takes the large two-handled cup and dips it brimming full from the vessel of water provided for that purpose1 and he lets the weary sheep drink4 ,there is nothing finer in the psalm than this4 ,god's care is not for the wounded only1 but for the worn and weary also4 ',thou anointest my head with oil2 my cup runneth over4' ,and then1 when the day is done and the sheep are snug within the fold1 what contentment1 what rest under the starry sky6 ,then comes the thought of deepest repose and comfort3 ',surely goodness and mercy shall follow me all the days of my life1' as they have through all the wanderings of the day now ended4 ,the song dies away as the heart that ,god has watched and tended breathes this grateful vow before the roaming of the day is forgotten in sleep3 ',i will--not shall1 but will2 for it is a decision1 a settled purpose1 a holy vow--',i will dwell in the house of the ,lord for ever4' ,and the song ends1 and the sheep are at rest1 safe in the good shepherd's fold4 ,do you wonder that ever since that night we have called this psalm ,the ,song of ,our ,syrian ,guest8 ,sidelights ,shepherd ,life in ,bible ,lands ,,professor ,,george ,e4 ,,post ,the ,american ,college1 ,bayrout1 ,syria ,the same regions which furnished the vast flocks in ancient times are still noted for their sheep4 ,all the plateaus east of the ,jordan and the mountains of ,palestine and ,syria are pasture-grounds for innumerable flocks and herds4 ,they require water but once a day1 and1 where they cannot get it from perennial streams1 they find it in the innumerable wells1 fountains and cisterns4 ,the descendants of the same shepherds who tended flocks in ,bible days still occupy the great sheepwalks of ,palestine4 ,the care of sheep is the subject of frequent allusion in ,scripture4 ,the shepherd leads 7not drives7 them to pasture and water 7,ps4 #bc2 #gg3bj2 #gh3eb2 #hj3a72 protects them at the risk of his life 7,john #aj3ae74 ,to keep them from the cold and rain and beasts1 he collects them in caves 7#a ,sam4 #bd3c7 or enclosures built of rough stones 7,num4 #cb3af2 ,judg4 #e3af2 ,zeph4 #b3f2 ,john #aj3a74 ,the sheep know their shepherd1 and heed his voice 7,john #aj3d74 ,it is one of the most interesting spectacles to see a number of flocks of thirsty sheep brought by their several shepherds to be watered at a fountain4 ,each flock1 in obedience to the call of its own shepherd1 lies down1 awaiting its turn4 ,the shepherd of one flock calls his sheep in squads1 draws water for them1 pours it into the troughs1 and1 when the squad has done1 orders it away by sounds which the sheep perfectly understand1 and calls up another squad4 ,when the whole of one flock is watered1 its shepherd signals to it1 and the sheep rise and move leisurely away1 while another flock comes in a similar manner to the troughs1 and so on1 until all the flocks are watered4 ,the sheep never make any mistake as to who whistles to them or calls to them4 ',they know not the voice of strangers' 7,john #aj3e74 ,sometimes they are called by names 7,john #aj3c74 ,syrian sheep are usually white 7,ps4 #adg3af2 ,isa4 #a3ah2 ,dan4 #g3i71 but some are brown 7,gen4 #cj3cb-db2 ,revised ,version 'black'74 ,no animal mentioned in ,scripture compares in symbolical interest and importance with the sheep4 ,it is alluded to about five hundred times4 ,the ,singing ,pilgrim ,a ,,characterization ,,of ,,the ,,twenty-,,third ,,psalm ,,henry ,,ward ,,beecher ,the ,twenty-third ,psalm is the nightingale of the psalms4 ,it is small1 of a homely feather1 singing shyly out of obscurity2 but1 oh1 it has filled the air of the whole world with melodious joy1 greater than the heart can conceive6 ,blessed be the day on which that psalm was born6 ,what would you say of a pilgrim commissioned of ,god to travel up and down the earth singing a strange melody1 which1 when once heard1 caused him to forget whatever sorrow he had8 ,and so the singing angel goes on his way through all lands1 singing in the language of every nation1 driving away trouble by the pulses of the air which his tongue moves with divine power4 ,behold just such an one6 ,this pilgrim ,god has sent to speak in every language on the globe4 ,it has charmed more griefs to rest than all the philosophy of the world4 ,it has remanded to their dungeon more felon thoughts1 more black doubts1 more thieving sorrows1 than there are sands on the seashore4 ,it has comforted the noble host of the poor4 ,it has sung courage to the army of the disappointed4 ,it has poured balm and consolation into the heart of the sick1 of captives in dungeons1 of widows in their pinching griefs1 of orphans in their loneliness4 ,dying soldiers have died easier as it was read to them2 ghastly hospitals have been illuminated2 it has visited the prisoner and broken his chains1 and1 like ,peter's angel1 led him forth in imagination1 and sung him back to his home again4 ,it has made the dying ,christian slave freer than his master1 and consoled those whom1 dying1 he left behind1 mourning not so much that he was gone as because they were left behind and could not go too4 ,nor is its work done4 ,it will go on singing to your children and my children1 and to their children1 through all the generations of time2 nor will it fold its wings till the last pilgrim is safe1 and time ended2 and then it shall fly back to the bosom of ,god1 whence it issued1 and sound on1 mingled with all those sounds of celestial joy which make heaven musical forever4