edition1 c4 #agfa4        ,an ,account  
of the ,extraordinary ,medicinal ,fluid1
 called ,aether4 ,by ,matthew ,turner   
7d4 #aghh87                             
,,an                           ,,account
                     ,,of ,,the         
,,extraordinary                         
,,medicinal ,,fluid1                    
,,called ,,aether4                      
,by ,m4 ,,turner1 ,,surgeon1            
,,in                                    
,,liverpool4                            
,,london3  ,printed by ,j4 ,,wilkie1 at 
the ,bible in ,st4 ,paul's ,church-yard4
      ,the ,publisher of the following  
short ,account of the ,,aether having   
prepared1 and successfully made ,use of 
it in his private ,practice1 for several
 ,years1 has at length determin'd to    
endeavour to extend it's ,utility1 by   
thus making it public2 as he knows of no
 one who has ever published it's        
medicinal virtues2 or offered it to     
,sale in it's ,perfection2 or given the 
,criteria by which they who are         

unacquainted with it might distinguish  
the ,genuine from the ,spurious3 ,and he
 doubts not but every candid ,person who
 examines it1 will agree with him1 ,that
 it carries with it the strongest ,marks
 of a valuable ,addition to the ,materia
 ,medica1 and therefore ought to lie no 
longer in ,obscurity4      ,,an         
,,account ,,of ,,the ,,aether1 c4       
,this truly extraordinary ,chemical     
,preparation is not a new ,discovery1   
having been known and esteemed1 as a    
valuable ,curiosity1 by many of the     
greatest ,chemists and ,philosophers1   
both ,ancient and ,modern2 particularly 
by ,sir ,isaac ,newton ,footnote3 ,quere
 #cast1 at the ,end of his ,optics41 and
 the ,honourable ,mr4 ,boyle ,footnote3 
,treatise on the ,producibleness of     
,chemical ,principles41 who both mention
 it in their ,works1 tho' not by this   
,name3 ,and therefore before any ,thing 
is said of it's ,virtues as a ,medicine1
 it may not be improper to explain the  
,nature of it1 and enumerate a few of   

it's remarkable ,properties1 considered 
as a ,curiosity in ,chemistry1 in which 
,light chiefly it has hitherto been     
view'd by those who have been acquainted
 with it4  ,it is a kind of ,,ethereal  
,,oil1 produced by the ,decomposition of
 the ,vinous ,spirit by ,means of the   
,vitriolic ,acid1 and differs           
essentially both from ,vinous ,spirits  
and ,essential ,oils in several         
,respects1 tho' it agrees with them in  
some1 as will appear hereafter3 ,but as 
the ,vinous ,spirit may be decomposed by
 means of all the three ,mineral ,acids1
 viz4 the ,vitriolic1 the ,nitrous and  
the ,marine1 and as these all act       
differently on the ,spirit1 they will1  
of ,course1 produce three different     
,kinds of ,,aether1 which1 from the     
,name1 of the ,acid employ'd in making  
them1 are term'd ,marine1 ,nitrous1 or  
,vitriolic3 the last only is the ,kind  
here understood1 it's ,properties being 
more singular and extraordinary1 and1 as
 an ,,aether1 more perfect than either  

of the others2 the ,reason of which     
seems to be1 that the ,vitriolic ,acid  
is a much stronger ,agent on the        
,spirit1 and more perfectly decomposes  
it1 than either the ,nitrous or ,marine4
  ,it is the most light1 most volatile1 
and most inflammable1 of all known      
,liquids3 ,it swims upon the highest    
rectified ,spirit of ,wine as ,oil does 
upon ,water1 and flies away so quickly  
as hardly to wet a ,hand it is dropped  
upon2 from which ,properties it probably
 has obtained it's ,name4 ,it is so     
readily inflammable1 as to take ,fire at
 the approach of a ,candle1 before the  
,flame touches it4 ,any ,electrified    
,body will also produce the same        
,effect4  ,it is one of the most        
powerful ,solvents known in ,chemistry3 
,it is neither acid nor alcaline1 and   
therefore is perfectly free from that   
saline ,acrimony with which all the     
common ,volatile ,spirits abound3 ,it   
has a greater ,affinity with ,gold than 
,aqua ,regia has1 altho' it will not    

dissolve it in the ,mass1 or whilst in  
it's ,metallic ,form2 but if you add    
,,aether to a solution of ,gold in ,aqua
 ,regia1 it presently takes all the     
,gold from it's former ,solvent1 keeping
 it perfectly dissolved and suspended1  
without the least ,precipitation2 and   
becomes of a yellow ,colour3 ,the       
,,aether1 thus saturated with the ,gold1
 does not mix with the ,aqua ,regia1 but
 may readily be separated from it by    
simple ,decantation1 and thus a true and
 safe ,aurum potabile is readily        
prepared for those who want such a      
,medicine4 ,the ,union of these two     
,substances is very remarkable1 one     
being the heaviest solid ,body we know1 
the other the lightest ,liquid4  ,the   
,,aether is remarkably cold1 when       
dropped upon the ,hand1 and it affects  
the thermometer in an extraordinary     
,manner2 for if the ,ball of either a   
,mercurial or ,spirituous ,thermometer  
be immersed in it1 the ,spirit or       
,mercury immediately sinks considerably1

 tho' both the ,,aether and the         
,thermometer have stood a sufficient    
,time together to be brought to the     
temperature of the ,room1 before the    
,experiment was made4 ,the ,thermometers
 dipt into ,water1 or ,spirit of ,wine1 
in the same ,manner1 suffer not the     
least ,alteration4  ,they who chuse to  
see a further ,account of the singular  
,effects which this curious ,fluid      
produces1 may peruse what ,doctor       
,frobenius1 a ,german ,chemist1 has     
published concerning it1 in the         
,philosophic ,transactions for the      
,years #agcc and #agda4  ,but the most  
valuable ,qualities of the ,,aether are 
it's medicinal ones2 it having been     
found by repeated ,experience to be an  
excellent ,remedy in most nervous       
,diseases2 particularly in ,,fits of all
 sorts1 whether ,epileptic1 ,convulsive1
 ,hysteric1 ,hypochondriac1 or          
,paralytic3 ,in habitual ,,head-,,aches1
 ,,gout1 ,,rheumatism1 ,,pains ,,in     
,,the1 ,,stomach1 ,,windy ,,disorders   

,,of ,,the ,,stomach ,,and ,,intestines1
 ,,hooping ,,cough1 ,,asthma1           
,,pleuritic ,,pains1 and ,,deafness1 all
 which ,diseases have1 in a singular    
,manner1 been removed by it2 and that   
the ,publisher may contribute all the   
,assistance he can in extending the use 
of this ,medicine1 the following        
,methods of applying1 it are given1     
which have been attended with ,success4 
,particular ,directions for using the   
,,aether4   ,in the ,,head-,,ach4  ,a   
fit of the ,head-ach is almost instantly
 removed by applying the ,,aether       
externally to the ,forehead1 by means of
 a bit of ,linen ,rag1 in the ,manner   
hereafter directed for it's external    
,application4 ,or it may be applied to  
any other ,part of the ,head where the  
,pain lies1 being first shaved1 if      
necessary4 ,if the ,pain is violent1 a  
,dose of it should be also taken        
inwardly4 ,in stubborn ,cases it will   
likewise be serviceable to snuff a      
little of the ,,aether up the ,nostrils1

 either alone or mixed with equal ,parts
 of ,lavender ,water1 ,hungary ,water1  
or ,brandy2 or it may be more convenient
 to apply a bit of ,linen ,rag1 wetted  
with ,,aether1 up the ,nostrils4 ,any of
 these ,means1 or all of them1 must be  
repeated if the ,pain is so urgent as to
 require it4 ,to cure this ,disorder    
radically1 when it is of long standing1 
and to prevent it's ,return1 the        
,medicine must be taken inwardly for a  
considerable ,time every ,night at      
,bed-time1 or in violent ,cases1 every  
,night and ,morning in a small ,draught 
of cold ,water1 according to the        
,general ,direction for taking it       
inwardly1 given p4 #aa4 ,in some        
particular ,cases1 ,vomits are very     
serviceable4    ,a ,,vertigo4  ,a       
,vertigo1 ,giddiness1 or ,swimming in   
the ,head1 will generally be removed by 
proceeding in the same ,manner as for   
the ,head-ach4    ,the ,,epilepsy4  ,no 
,disease is more difficult to cure than 
the ,epilepsy or ,falling- ,sickness2   

yet several ,instances have occurred    
where the most violent ,degrees of it1  
have been cured1 even in grown ,persons1
 by taking a ,dose of this ,medicine    
regularly every ,night and ,morning for 
a considerable ,time4 ,the ,dose must be
 regulated according to the ,age of the 
,patient1 as mentioned in the ,general  
,direction1 ,page #aa4 ,if a ,pain is   
felt in any ,part of the ,head1 the     
,,aether must be applied to that ,part  
occasionally1 and it must be previously 
shaved1 if necessary4 ,it will be proper
 to give a small ,dose of ,tinctura     
,sacra1 or of the ,pill4 ,rufi1 at      
proper ,intervals1 as once a ,week or   
,fortnight4 ,it will also1 in most      
,cases1 be necessary to give now and    
then a ,vomit4 ,if it be suspected that 
the ,patient has ,worms1 proper         
,medicines to destroy them ought also to
 be given4    ,in ,,convulsions4  ,in   
,convulsions1 or ,convulsive ,disorders1
 give the ,,aether inwardly1 a ,dose two
 three ,times a ,day1 or oftener1       

according to the exigence of the ,case2 
and it should also be applied externally
 to the ,forehead1 or any other ,part of
 the ,head1 during the ,fit4 ,if the    
,patient is full of blood1 bleeding is  
necessary1 and if ,costive1 a ,dose of  
,manna1 ,senna1 or any gentle ,laxative1
 or a ,clyster1 should be given4        
,hysteric and ,hypochondriac            
,,disorders4  ,this ,medicine has       
excellent ,effect in ,hysteric ,fits1   
and in all that ,train of ,symptoms     
which ,hysteric and ,hypochondriac      
,persons are subject to2 such as        
,risings in the ,throat threatning      
,suffocation1 difficult ,breathing1     
,flutterings and ,palpitations of the   
,heart1 frequent ,fainting1 ,lowness of 
,spirits1 violent ,pains in the ,head1  
,languor of the whole ,body1 ,dullness  
of the ,mind and ,senses1 with constant 
,anxieties and ,inquietude1 c4 ,the     
,dose must be repeated according to the 
urgency of the ,symptoms2 and the       
,medicine must be continued some ,time  

after the ,complaints disappear1 to     
prevent a ,relapse4 ,it will be         
serviceable during the ,use of the      
,,aether1 especially in ,case of        
,costiveness1 to take at proper         
,intervals a gentle ,purge1 such as     
,tinctura ,sacra1 ,pill ,rufi1 ,rhubarb1
 or ,glauber's ,salts4 ,bodily ,exercise
 of all sorts contributes greatly to the
 ,cure of these ,complaints1 especially 
,riding on ,horseback4    ,,palsy4  ,in 
,palsies1 and all ,paralytic            
,complaints1 the ,patient1 if a grown   
,person1 must take the quantity of a    
,tea ,spoonful of the ,,aether every    
,night and ,morning4 ,the ,dose must be 
lessened in young ,people1 according to 
their ,age4 ,it will also be proper to  
snuff a little of it up the ,nostrils   
once or twice a ,day1 or apply a bit of 
,rag wetted with it up the ,nostrils4   
,the ,,aether must also be applied      
externally to the ,part affected1 at    
least once every ,day4 ,it should       
likewise be applied now and then to the 

,forehead1 or any other part of the     
,head1 especially if the ,tongue1 ,eyes1
 or any part of the ,face or ,head be   
affected4 ,if the ,arms or ,hands are   
,paralytic1 the ,application should be  
made to the lower and back ,part of the 
,neck1 as well as to the ,part affected4
 ,if the ,disease has seiz'd the        
,thighs1 ,legs1 or ,feet1 the           
,application must not only be made to   
them1 but likewise to the ,back ,bone1  
at the ,loins4 ,as this ,medicine       
cannot1 on account of it's ,volatility  
and ,pungency1 be properly applied to   
the ,whole1 of a ,paralytic ,limb at    
once1 but only to a small ,part of it1  
the ,application therefore may be made  
sometimes to one ,part1 and sometimes to
 another1 as shall be thought proper4   
,this ,disease will require a longer or 
shorter ,continuance of these ,means1   
according to the ,degree of it1 and the 
,time it has continued4 ,a ,vomit should
 be given1 and repeated now and then as 
the ,patient can bear it2 but if ,vomits

 seem too fatiguing1 a ,dose of         
,tinctura ,sacra may be given in their  
room4 ,paralytic ,patients should use as
 much ,bodily ,exercise as possible1 and
 the ,head1 ,neck1 and the whole ,spine1
 as well as the ,parts affected1 should 
be frequently rubbed with a hot and dry 
,cloth till they appear red4    ,,gout4 
,this ,medicine is of singular ,service 
in the ,gout1 not only while it         
continues in the ,limbs1 but            
particularly when it flies inwards1 and 
attacks the ,head1 ,stomach1 or any of  
the internal ,parts2 in which ,cases a  
few ,doses will not fail to give present
 ,relief4 ,it should be taken in the    
,quantity of a ,tea ,spoonful1 two or   
three ,times every ,day1 or oftener1 if 
the ,case be violent1 during the ,gouty 
,fit4 ,it carries off the ,gouty        
,matter1 by ,urine1 which it renders    
very thick and turbid4 ,at any ,time    
when there is a ,necessity to abate the 
excessive ,pain in the ,part affected1  
the ,,aether may be applied to it       

externally1 according to the ,method    
given p4 #ab4 ,it will be proper to     
continue taking the ,,aether once or    
twice a ,day for some ,time after the   
,fit is gone1 and to begin taking it    
again about the ,time of it's expected  
,return2 by which ,means1 tho' it may   
not prevent the ,return of the ,fit1    
which in many ,cases perhaps ought not  
to be desired1 yet it will shorten1 it's
 ,continuance1 and moderate the ,pain of
 it4    ,,rheumatism4  ,in ,rheumatic   
,complaints the ,patient must take a    
,dose of this ,medicine every ,night and
 ,morning1 or oftener1 if the ,pains are
 violent2 and it must be continued till 
the ,disease is removed1 or longer1 to  
prevent a ,relapse4 ,if the ,pain is    
fixed in any particular ,part1 the      
,,aether must be applied to it twice a  
,day1 as directed hereafter4 ,it must be
 observed1 that ,bleeding very much     
conduces to the ,cure of obstinate      
,chronic ,rheumatisms1 must be repeated 
at proper intervals if necessary2 the   

,blood in this ,disease being generally 
very sizy4    ,disorders of the ,stomach
 and ,intestines4  ,this ,medicine      
presently cures ,flatulent ,cholics1    
removes all ,windy ,disorders of the    
,stomach and ,intestines1 and corrects  
,acidities lodged there4 ,it is also    
found to have excellent ,effect in      
correcting that ,weakness1 or bad ,habit
 of the ,stomach and ,intestines1 which 
studious ,persons1 and such as lead     
sedentary ,lives1 are particularly      
subject to1 and is attended with sour   
,belchings1 ,heart-,burn1 ,windy        
,distensions1 ,pain and ,uneasiness in  
the ,stomach and ,bowels4 ,it must be   
taken every ,night and ,morning1        
according to the ,general ,direction    
below4 ,care should be taken to prevent 
,costiveness in these ,cases1 which1 is 
best removed by chewing ,rhubarb1 or    
taking it any other way1 or by a ,dose  
of ,manna1 or ,glauber's ,salts1 taken  
occasionally4  ,the ,,aether is an      
extraordinary ,diuretic in ,,dropsies3  

,it is an excellent ,medicine in an     
,,asthma1 and the ,,hiccup2 and may be  
looked upon as a ,specific in that      
,disease of ,children called the        
,,hooping- ,,cough1 or ,,chin-,,cough2  
in all which ,cases it must be taken    
inwardly1 according to the ,general     
,direction below1 and the repetition of 
the ,dose must be regulated by the      
violence of the ,disease4  ,a ,dose of  
it taken at going to ,bed after         
,drinking too freely1 has been found to 
prevent the ,head-,ach1 ,sickness1 c1   
which usually follow next ,morning4  ,it
 has removed ,,deafness1 and ,hardness  
of ,hearing1 by ,moistening a little    
,cotton with a few ,drops of it1 putting
 it into the ,ear1 and holding the      
,finger for a few ,minutes over it1 at  
the same time snuffing a few ,drops of  
it1 mixed with ,spirit of ,lavender1 up 
the ,nostrils1 or putting a bit of ,rag 
wet with the ,,aether1 up the ,nostrils4
  ,it has frequently removed a temporary
 ,,dimness ,,of ,,sight1 attended with a

 ,swimming or ,uneasiness in the ,head1 
by external ,application to the         
,forehead2 and is a promising ,medicine 
in that ,sort of ,blindness called a    
,,gutta ,,serena1 and in ,beginning     
,,cataracts1 in which ,cases it should  
be taken inwardly1 as well as applied to
 the ,forehead1 and up the ,nostrils4   
,it is likewise found to1 be of great   
service in removing ,,pleuritic ,,pains1
 and ,,stitches in the ,side1 by        
applying it to the affected ,part1 in   
the ,manner directed for external       
,application4    ,the ,method of taking 
the ,,aether ,inwardly4  ,the ,general  
,dose for a grown ,person is a common   
,tea ,spoonful2 and the best ,vehicle to
 take it in is a ,draught of ,cold      
,water4 ,if it be only stirred1 in the  
,water with the ,spoon1 and the ,mixture
 drank immediately it strikes the       
,nostrils by it's ,volatility1 but may  
be thought by some as agreeable when so 
taken as when the two ,liquors1 are more
 intimately mixed1 by shaking them in a 

,phial1 and from thence pouring them    
into a ,glass to be drank2 for tho' it  
has but little ,smell in this ,manner1  
it is more warm to the ,palate than in  
the other4 ,the ,patient may use1 the   
,way of ,mixing he likes best1 and if he
 has any ,objection to ,water1 may take 
it in any other agreeable cold ,liquor4 
,children in the ,month may take two or 
three ,drops for a ,dose2 those of a    
,year old may take seven or eight       
,drops2 those of five or six ,years old 
may take from twenty to twenty-five     
,drops1 and so encreasing according to  
their ,years3 ,or it may perhaps be     
better1 in giving it to ,children1 to   
mix a ,tea ,spoonful of ,,aether1 with a
 convenient ,quantity of ,water1 and1   
shaking it well1 give at a ,dose about  
one twentieth ,part of this ,mixture to 
a ,child a ,month old2 about one eighth 
,part to a ,child twelve or fourteen    
,months old2 to those about five ,years 
old one third ,part of the ,mixture2    
half of the ,mixture to those about     

seven ,years old1 and two thirds of it  
to those about fourteen ,years old4     
,the ,method of applying the ,,aether   
,externally4  ,to apply it ,externally1 
you must procure a ,bit of ,linen ,rag1 
of such a ,dimension as to be           
conveniently covered by the ,palm of the
 ,hand2 moisten this ,rag with a little 
of the ,,aether as it lies upon your    
,palm1 and instantly apply it to the    
,part affected1 pressing it very close1 
so as to prevent the ,escape of it's    
,fumes1 for two or three ,minutes1 in   
which ,time the ,rag will be found dry1 
and may be taken away4 ,it will be more 
convenient1 on some ,occasions1 7as in  
applying it to ,paralytic ,parts1       
,rheumatic ,pains1 and the ,gout17 to   
place the ,rag upon a ,piece of a soft1 
thin ,bladder and1 when moisten'd with  
the ,,aether1 to bind it gently upon the
 ,part4 ,a slight ,redness usually      
appears upon the ,part after the        
,application1 but it quickly vanishes2  
but it may sometimes happen1 where the  

,skin is very tender and too much       
,,aether has been applied to the        
,forehead1 or within the ,ears1 that it 
may affect the ,skin more than the      
,patient chooses2 which is avoided by   
applying a less ,quantity for the       
future4 ,this is the ,secret of a       
present famous ,practitioner1 who having
 a ,method sometimes of concealing his  
,application1 is said to1 cure the      
,head-ach1 fixed ,rheumatic ,pains1 c4  
by the ,touch of his ,hand4  ,it is very
 easy to conceive1 from the extreme     
,subtlety of this ,medicine1 that it    
must produce many excellent ,effects in 
such ,diseases as those above mentioned1
 as it is converted into ,vapour by a   
much less ,heat than the common ,animal 
,one2 so that being swallowed1 it can   
hardly subsist in any ,part of the human
 ,body under any ,form but that of an   
extremely penetrating volatiliz'd       
,vapour2 and it is perceptible by it's  
,smell1 as it passes thro' the ,pores of
 the ,skin1 several ,hours1 after       

taking2 so that it's stay in the ,body  
is longer1 and1 it's ,effects there more
 durable1 than might be expected from   
such a subtle ,substance4               
,notwithstanding the extreme ,subtlety  
of the ,,aether1 it is perfectly        
innocent and safe to take1 as it        
contains nothing that is acrimonious or 
corrosive2 so that it may be given even 
to the youngest ,children without       
,hesitation4 ,it neither purges nor     
vomits2 nor does it encrease any of the 
sensible ,evacuations1 except that of   
,urine1 and sometimes that of ,sweat1 if
 taken when in ,bed2 but as it is so    
distinctly perceived by the smell       
passing thro' the cutaneous ,pores of   
those who take it1 it is probable that  
it encreases insensible ,perspiration4  
,another observable ,property in this   
,medicine is1 that it does not coagulate
 or thicken the ,serum of the ,blood1   
but thins it2 and therefore has direct  
contrary ,effects to all the common     
,spirituous ,compositions1 when either  

taken inwardly1 or externally applied1  
and is essentially different from the   
most subtiliz'd ,vinous ,spirits2 for   
tho' ,spirit of ,wine is used in making 
it1 yet it is so far decomposed by the  
,process1 that it's ,nature is entirely 
changed4 ,in consequence of this        
,quality in the ,,aether1 the ,publisher
 has successfully dissolved some        
particular obstinate ,tumours1 by       
applying it to them1 when other ,means  
have failed4----,this ,hint ,he hopes   
will not pass unnoticed by the          
,gentlemen of the ,faculty1 as it is    
evident no ,application whatever can    
equal it in ,subtlety and ,dissolving   
,power4  ,the ,medicine so much         
celebrated in ,germany1 and so          
frequently commended and used in        
,practice by the late famous ,professor 
,hoffman1 under the ,title of his       
,liquor ,mineralis ,anodynus1 was nearly
 of the same ,nature with the ,,aether1 
but not so powerful1 nor so highly      
subtilized4  ,repeated ,experience has  

confirmed the ,efficacy of this         
,medicine in all the ,diseases before   
mentioned2 and from the ,consideration  
of it's uncommon ,qualities1 it may be  
presumed to be an excellent ,remedy in  
many others1 if judiciously given3      
,hence it seems surprising that so      
valuable an ,addition1 to the ,materia  
,medica as the ,,aether doubtless is1   
should have been so much neglected1 or  
so little known2 but the ,reasons are1  
that the ,process whereby it was made   
was kept secret by some who rated the   
,preparation at a very extravagant      
,price1 and not sufficiently attended to
 by others1 who consider'd it only as a 
,chemical ,curiosity1 not as a          
,medicine4 ,the chief ,merit the        
,publisher of this ,account pretends to1
 is1 the ascertaining the ,medicinal    
,virtues of this curious ,preparation1  
by several ,years ,experience1 and      
making them more publickly known2 the   
reducing it's ,price1 which has hitherto
 been so extravagant that had it's      

,virtues and ,properties been known1    
only a small number of the afflicted    
could have enjoy'd the ,benefit of it2  
and1 the bringing it to a greater       
,degree of ,perfection than any hitherto
 sold2 what he offers being a perfectly 
rectified ,vitriolic ,,aether4  ,it may 
not be improper to give the ,marks by   
which good ,,aether may be known4 ,it is
 perfectly colourless1 except it has    
receiv'd some accidental ,tinge from the
 ,cork of the ,phial in which it has    
been kept2 and so volatile as to strike 
the ,nose very powerfully4 ,it's ,smell 
is more or less sulphureous1 according  
to the management of some ,part of the  
,process4 ,wetting the ,finger with it1 
or dropping a little upon the ,hand1 it 
vanishes instantly1 and leaves no       
,moisture behind2 so that the ,part     
scarcely seems to have been wet4 ,half a
 ,dozen ,drops1 dropped together upon a 
,table will disappear in a few ,seconds 
of a ,minute1 and leave only the        
,appearance of a large oily ,ring       

behind2 but if it leaves the least      
,watery or ,spirituous ,moisture1 or    
does not evaporate in much less than a  
,minute1 it is not good4 ,the best      
,,aether will dissolve in1 or mix with1 
a certain ,quantity of ,water2 and that 
is the best which requires the largest  
,quantity of ,water to dissolve it3 ,if1
 therefore1 to fix ,tea ,spoonsful of   
,water in a small ,phial1 you add one of
 the ,,aether to be examined1 cork up   
the ,phial1 and shake them very well    
together1 and upon standing a little    
while some part of the ,,aether appears 
at ,top1 in form of ,oil1 sufficient to 
cover the surface of the ,mixture1 it   
may be pronounced good 7provided it also
 answers1 in the other ,methods of      
,trial7 and the more appears the better 
is the ,,aether2 but if none appears1 or
 not enough to cover the surface of the 
,mixture1 it was either adulterated1 or 
not well rectified4 ,if to this ,mixture
 of ,,aether and ,water you add a little
 ,salt of ,tartar1 and any ,fermentation

 ensues1 the ,,aether was not well      
rectified4 ,upon shaking briskly a      
,phial containing ,,aether1 if the      
,bubbles1 or ,proof as they are usually 
called1 do not disappear in less ,time1 
and in larger ,bubbles1 than any other  
,liquor1 7the ,vinous ,alcohol perhaps  
excepted7 'tis not ,genuine4  ,it is the
 more necessary to observe these ,rules 
of proving the ,quality of the ,,aether1
 as the imperfect ,sorts have been found
 to disagree with the ,stomach1 and     
produce other bad ,effects1 besides     
disappointing the ,patient's            
,expectation4 ,the ,,aether that has the
 foremention'd ,properties1 7for there  
are ,preparations sold by the same name1
 which are very imperfect ,imitations of
 it7 is made and sold by ,m4 ,,turner1  
,surgeon1 in ,liverpool4 ,the ,ounce    
,phial two ,shillings2 the ,half ,ounce 
one ,shilling4 ,the ,phials are square2 
the ,word ,,aether1 inscribed on one    
,side1 and ,m4 ,,turner on the opposite1
 and sealed with a ,lion gardant1 c4    

,proper ,abatement will be made to      
,druggists1 ,apothecaries1 or the       
,gentlemen of the ,faculty who use any  
considerable ,quantity4 ,to prevent it's
 escape and loss1 a small ,quantity of  
,water is put into each ,phial1 which   
should be kept with the ,cork downwards1
 by which ,means the ,,aether is        
prevented1 by the interposition of the  
,water1 from evaporating4    ,the       
,publisher has also appointed it to be  
sold by ,mr4 ,r4 ,board1 ,chemist and   
,druggist1 in ,grace-church-street2 and 
,mr4 ,j4 ,wilkie1 ,bookseller1 at the   
,bible in ,st4 ,paul's ,churchyard1     
,,london3 and ,mr4 ,peter ,wilson1      
,bookseller1 in ,dame-street1 ,,dublin4