,,! ,,bible',s ,,message ,,to ,,mod]n ,,life ,twelve ,/udies on ,! ,mak+ ( a ,nation ,! ,beg9n+s ( ,israel's ,hi/ory ,,by ,,*>les ,,fo/] ,,k5t ,,j]emiah ,,:ipple ,,j5ks #aiab ,! be/ ( allies y c procure = u is ! ,bible4 ,t w br+ u ! reality--fre$om4--,g>ibaldi4 ,if ! common s*ools h f\nd _! way f ! ,atlantic to ! ,pacific2 if slav]y has be5 aboli%$2 if ! :ole l& has be5 *ang$ f a wild]ness into a g>d5 ( pl5ty1 f ocean to ocean2 if education has be5 fo/]$ accord+ to ! be/ lights ( ea* g5]ation s9ce !n2 if indu/ry1 frugality & sobriety are ! wat*words ( ! nation1 z ,i believe !m to be1 ,i say x is l>gely due to ^? fir/ emigrants1 :o1 l&+ ) ! ,engli% ,bible 9 _! h&s & 9 _! he>ts1 e/abli%$ !mselves on ! %ores ( ,am]ica4--,joseph ,h4 ,*oate4 ,&1 z x is own$1 ! :ole s*eme ( ,scripture is n yet und]/ood1 s1 if x comes to be und]/ood1 x mu/ be 9 ! same way z natural k is come at2 by ! cont9uance & progress ( le>n+ & lib]ty1 & by p>ticul> p]sons att5d+ to1 comp>+ & pursu+ intimations scatt]$ up & d[n x1 :i* are ov]look$ & disreg>d$ by ! g5]ality ( ! _w4 ,nor is x at all incr$ible t a book :i* has be5 s long 9 ! possession ( mank9d %\ld conta9 _m tru?s z yet undiscov]$4--,butl]4 ,mr4 ,l9coln1 z ,i saw him e morn+1 9 ! c>pet slipp]s he wore 9 ! h\se & ! black clo!s no tailor c\ld make really fit 8 gaunt1 bony frame1 0 a homely en\gh figure4 ,! r\t9e ( 8 life 0 simple1 too2 x w\ld h seem$ a treadmill to mo/ ( u4 ,he 0 an e>ly ris]1 :5 ,i came on duty at eight 9 ! morn+1 he 0 (t5 already dress$ & read+ 9 ! libr>y4 ,!re 0 a big table ne> ! c5tre ( ! room3 !re ,i h se5 him read+ _m times4 ,& ! book8 ,x 0 ! ,bible :i* ,i saw him read+ :ile mo/ ( ! h\sehold slept4--,william ,h4 ,crook1 9 ,h>p]'s ,magaz9e4 ,! ,bible has su* p[] = tea*+ righte\sness t ev5 to ^? :o come to x ) all sorts ( false notions ab\t ! ,god ( ! ,bible1 x yet tea*es righte\sness1 & fills !m ) ! love ( x2 h[ mu* m ^? :o come to x ) a true notion ab\t ! ,god ( ! ,bible4--,mat!w ,arnold4 ,,cont5ts ,,introduction ,! ,r$iscov]y ( ! ,bible4 ,! ,object ( ,^! ,/udies4 ,! ,plan ( ,"w4 ,books ( ,ref]5ce4 ,,/udy ,i4 ,,man',s ,,place ,,9 ,,! ,,_w4 ,! ,/ory ( ,creation1 ,g54 #a1 #b #a4 ,! ,diff]5t ,!ories ( ,creation4 #b4 ,! ,prie/ly ,/ory ( ,creation4 #c4 ,! ,e>ly ,prophetic ,/ory ( ,creation4 #d4 ,a ,comp>ison ( ! ,two ,acc\nts ( ,creation4 #e4 ,man's ,conque/ & ,rul]%ip ( ! ,_w4 #f4 ,man's ,responsibility z ! ,rul] ( ! ,_w4 ,,/udy ,,ii4 ,,man',s ,,responsibility ,,= ,,8 ,,acts4 ,! ,/ory ( ! ,g>d5 ( ,ed51 ,g54 #c #a4 ,! ,nature ( ,s94 #b4 ,! ,orig9 ( ,s9 ,accord+ to ! ,/ory 9 ,g5esis #c4 #c4 ,! ,diff]5t ,!ories ,reg>d+ ! ,orig9 ( ,s94 #d4 ,! ,effects ( ,s9 ^u ! ,wrong-do]4 #e4 ,god's ,attitude t[>d ! ,s9n]4 #f4 ,! ,effect ( ,s9 ^u ,society4 ,,/udy ,,iii4 ,,! ,,crim9al1 ,,& ,,8 ,,relation ,,to ,,society4 ,! ,/ory ( ,ca91 ,g54 #d3a-af #a4 ,! ,mean+ ( ! ,/ory ( ,ca94 #b4 ,! ,mak+ ( a ,crim9al4 #c4 ,! ,crim9al's ,attitude t[>d ,society4 #d4 ,! ,ways 9 :i* ,society ,deals ) ! ,crim9al4 #e4 ,h[ to ,deal ) ,crim9als4 #f4 ,! ,prev5tion ( ,crime4 ,,/udy ,,iv4 ,,! ,,survival ,,( ,,! ,,fitte/4 ,! ,/ory ( ! ,great ,flood1 ,g54 #f-i #a4 ,! ,two ,biblical ,acc\nts ( ! ,flood4 #b4 ,! ,correspond+ ,babylonian ,flood ,/ories4 #c4 ,hi/ory ( ! ,biblical ,flood ,/ories4 #d4 ,aim ( ! ,biblical ,writ]s 9 ,rec\nt+ ! ,flood ,/ories4 #e4 ,! ,survival ( ! ,fitte/ 9 ! ,natural ,_w4 #f4 ,9 ,social & ,political ,life4 ,,/udy ,v4 ,,! ,,pione]',s ,,influ5ce ,,^u ,a ,,nation',s ,,ideal4 ,abraham1 ! ,traditional ,fa!r ( ! ,race1 ,g54 #ab3a-h2 #ac3a-ac2 #af2 #ah2 #ai2 #ba3a-g2 #bb3a-ai #a4 ,! ,reasons = ,migration4 #b4 ,! ,prophetic ,/ories ab\t ,abraham4 #c4 ,! ,mean+ ( ! ,e>ly ,prophetic ,/ories ab\t ,abraham4 #d4 ,! ,prophetic ,portrait ( ,abraham4 #e4 ,! ,t5d5cy to ,idealize ,national ,h]oes4 #f4 ,! ,p]man5t ,value & ,influ5ce ( ! ,abraham ,n>ratives4 ,,/udy ,,vi4 ,,! ,,p[] ,,( ,,ambition4 ,jacob ! ,p]si/5t1 ,g54 #be3aj-cc3bj #a4 ,! ,two ,bro!rs1 ,jacob & ,esau4 #b4 ,! ,man ) a ,wrong ,ambition4 #c4 ,jacob's ,tra9+ 9 ! ,s*ool ( ,exp]i5ce4 #d4 ,! ,inv9cible ,p[] ( ,ambition & ,p]sev]ance4 #e4 ,! ,diff]5t ,types ( ,ambition4 #f4 ,! ,developm5t ( ,"r ,ambitions4 ,,/udy ,,vii4 ,a ,,successful ,,man ,,( ,,affairs4 ,joseph's ,a*ievem5ts1 ,g54 #cg2 #ci-dh2 #ej #a4 ,! ,qualities ,ess5tial to ,success4 #b4 ,! ,limitations & ,temptations ( ,joseph's ,e>ly ,life4 #c4 ,! ,call ( a ,great ,opportunity4 #d4 ,! ,temptations ( ,success4 #e4 ,! ,/&>ds ( ,real ,success4 #f4 ,! ,me?ods ( ,success4 ,,/udy ,,viii4 ,,! ,,tra9+ ,,( ,a ,,/atesman4 ,moses 9 ,egypt & ! ,wild]ness1 ,ex4 #a3a-g3e #a4 ,! ,egyptian ,backgr\nd4 #b4 ,! ,mak+ ( a ,loyal ,patriot4 #c4 ,! ,s*ool ( ! ,wild]ness4 #d4 ,moses' ,call to ,public ,s]vice4 #e4 ,! ,education ( ,public ,op9ion4 #f4 ,! ,tra9+ ( ,mod]n ,/atesm54 ,,/udy ,,ix4 ,,! ,,orig9 ,,& ,,gr[? ,,( ,,law4 ,moses' ,"w z ,judge & ,prophet1 ,ex4 #ah3e-bg2 #cc3e-aa #a4 ,! ,ne$s t ,give ,rise to ,law4 #b4 ,! ,gr[? ( ,cu/om>y ,law4 #c4 ,! ,au?ority ,und]ly+ all ,law4 #d4 ,moses' ,relations to ! ,old ,te/am5t ,laws4 #e4 ,! ,developm5t ( ,mod]n ,law4 #f4 ,! ,attitude ( ,citiz5s t[>d ! ,law4 ,,/udy ,x4 ,,! ,,f\ndations ,,( ,,good ,,citiz5%ip4 ,! ,t5 ,comm&m5ts1 ,ex4 #bj3a-ag #a4 ,! ,hi/ory ( ! ,prophetic ,decalogue4 #b4 ,obligations ( ! ,individual to ,god4 #c4 ,! ,social & ,e?ical ,basis ( ! ,sabba? ,law4 #d4 ,! ,importance ( ,*ildr5's ,loyalty to ,p>5ts4 #e4 ,prim>y ,obligations ( ,man to ,man4 #f4 ,! ,pres5t-day ,au?ority ( ! ,t5 ,comm&m5ts4 ,,/udy ,,xi4 ,,! ,,e>ly ,,tra9+ ,,( ,a ,,race4 ,israel's ,exp]i5ce 9 ! ,wild]ness & ,ea/ ( ! ,jordan1 ,num4 #aa-ad2 #ba3ba-ca2 #cb3ci-db #a4 ,! ,wild]ness ,environm5t4 #b4 ,influ5ce ( ! ,nomadic ,life ^u ,israel's ,"* & ,ideals4 #c4 ,! ,influ5ce ( ! ,wild]ness ,life ,^u ,israel's fai?4 #d4 ,! ,significance ( ! ,ea/-,jordan ,conque/s4 #e4 ,! ,significance ( ,moses' ,"w4 #f4 ,! ,e>ly ,/ages 9 ! ,tra9+ ( ! ,human ,race4 ,,/udy ,,xii4 ,a ,,nation',s ,,/ruggle ,,= ,a ,,home ,,& ,,fre$om1 ,israel's ,victories ov] ! ,canaanites1 ,jo%4 #b-i2 ,judg4 #a1 #d1 #e4 #a4 ,! ,cross+ ( ! ,jordan4 #b4 ,! ,canaanite ,civilization4 #c4 ,! ,capture ( ! ,outpo/s ( ,pale/9e4 #d4 ,ways by :i* ! ,hebrews ,won ,_! ,homes4 #e4 ,deborah's ,rally ( ! ,hebrews4 #f4 ,! ,f9al ,/age 9 ! ,mak+ ( ! ,hebrew ,nation4 ,,introduction ,,! ,,r$iscov]y ,,( ,,! ,,bible ,9 ! e>ly ,*ri/ian c5turies ?\s&s turn$ to ! ,bible1 z dr[n+ m5 to a life buoy1 because x (f]$ !m ! only way ( escape f ! intol]able social & moral ills t att5d$ ! dea? pangs ( ! old hea!nism4 ,!n came ! ,d>k ,ages1 ) _! resurg5t hea!nism & b>b>ism1 :5 ! ,bible 0 tak5 f ! h&s ( ! p4 ,9 ! h\r ( a nation's deepe/ humiliation & moral depravity1 ,john ,wycliffe1 ) ! aid ( a devot$ army ( lay prie/s1 gave back ! ,bible to ! p1 & 9 s do+ laid ! f\ndations = ,engl&'s intellectual1 political & moral greatness4 ,! joy & inspiration ( ! ,prote/ant ,re=m]s 0 ! r$iscov]y & popul> int]pretation ( ! ,bible4 ,9 all ! great =w>d movem5ts ( ! mod]n c5turies ! ,bible has play$ a c5tral role4 ,! ultimate basis ( our magnific5t mod]n sci5tific & mat]ial progress is ! inspiration giv5 to ! human race by ! ,prote/ant ,re=mation4 ,un=tunately1 ! real mean+ & message ( ! ,bible has be5 9 "p obscur$ dur+ pa/ c5turies by dogmatic int]pretations4 ,! /udy ( ! ,bible has also be5 made a solemn obligation r ?an a joy\s privilege4 ,! rem>kable discov]ies ( ! pres5t g5]ation & its new & l>g] s5se ( p[] & progress h t5d$ to turn m5's att5tion f ! contemplation ( ! h]itage :i* comes to !m f ! pa/4 ,! result is t mo/ m5 "k little ab\t ! ,bible4 ,!y are acqua9t$ ) its *ief *>act]s su* z ,abraham1 ,david & ,jesus4 ,a few are ev5 able to give a cle>-cut outl9e ( ! important ev5ts ( ,israel's hi/ory2 b !y reg>d x simply z a hi/ory ^: associations & int]e/s belong to a bygone age4 ,h[ _m realize t mo/ ( ! problems :i* ,israel met & solv$ are simil> to ^? :i* to-day are comm&+ ! absorb+ att5tion ( e patriotic citiz51 & t ( all exi/+ books1 ! ,old ,te/am5t makes ! greate/ contributions to ! political & social1 z well z to ! religi\s ?\ght ( ! _w8 ,national expansion1 taxation1 c5tralization ( au?ority1 civic responsibility1 ! relation ( religion to politics & to public morality 7 z vital & insi/5t problems 9 anci5t ,israel z !y are 9 any live1 progressive nation to-day4 ,! gradual discov]y ( ?is fact expla9s :y "h & !re ?r\gh-out ! _w ! lead]s 9 mod]n ?\ght & progress are /udy+ ! ,bible ) new delight & en?usiasm2 n only because ( its intr9sic beauty & int]e/1 b because 9 x !y f9d1 /at$ 9 cle>e/ =m1 ! pr9ciples :i* elucidate ! intricate problems ( mod]n life4 ,,! ,,objects ,,( ,,^! ,,/udies1 ,!re are two di/9ct yet important ways ( int]pret+ ! ,bible3 ,! "o is t ( ! s*ol> :o kn[s ! ,bible f ! l+ui/ic1 hi/orical & lit]>y po9t ( view2 ! o!r1 t ( ! man :o kn[s life & :o realizes ! mean+ & value ( ! ,bible to ^? :o are confront$ by insi/5t social1 economic & individual problems4 ,^! /udies aim to comb9e bo? me?ods ( int]pretation4 ,briefly def9$ ! *ief objects ( ^! /udies are3 7#a7 ,to introduce ! m5 & wom5 ( to-day to t :i* is mo/ vital 9 ! lit]ature & ?\ght ( ! ,old ,te/am5t4 7#b7 ,to int]pret ! (t5 neglect$ ,old ,te/am5t into ! language ( mod]n life simply & directly & 9 ! light ( t :i* is highe/ 9 ! tea*+s ( ,*ri/ianity4 7#c7 ,to pres5t ! con/ructive results ( ! mod]n hi/orical & lit]>y /udy ( ! ,bible1 n dogmatically b t5tatively1 s t ! read] & /ud5t may be 9 a position to judge = himself reg>d+ ! conclusions t are held by a l>ge numb] ( ,biblical s*ol>s & to e/imate _! practical religi\s value4 7#d7 ,to %[ h[ closely ! ,old ,te/am5t is relat$ to ! life ( to-day & h[ x helps to answ] ! press+ que/ions n[ confront+ ! nations4 7#e7 ,to lead /rong m5 to ?9k ?r\gh our national1 social & individual problems1 & to utilize fe>lessly & practically ! con/ructive results ( mod]n me?od & rese>* 9 ! fields ( bo? sci5ce & religion4 ,,! ,,plan ,,( ,,"w4 ,^! /udies are plann$ to meet ! ne$s ( college /ud5ts & adult ,bible classes4 ,^? :o are able to comm& m "t & wi% to d m ?or\gh "w w f9d 9 ! li/ ( ,p>allel ,read+s on ! fir/ page ( ea* /udy c>efully select$ ref]5ces to ! be/ au?orities on ! subject treat$4 ,= _! guidance are also provid$ ,subjects = ,fur!r ,/udy4 ,9 us+ ?is text-book ! /ud5t may proce$ z foll[s3 7#a7 ,read c>efully ! ,biblical passage indicat$ 9 connection ) ea* title2 = example1 9 ! fir/ /udy1 ,g5esis #a & #b4 7#b7 ,read ! ,biblical & o!r quotations on ! fir/ page ( ea* /udy4 ,unless o!rwise indicat$ ! ,biblical quotations are f ! ,am]ican ,revis$ ,v]sion4 ,!y include ! mo/ important ,biblical passages4 ,! o!r quotations embody "s ( ! be/ contributions ( anci5t & mod]n writ]s to ! subject "u consid]ation4 7#c7 ,read & ?9k ?r\gh ! mat]ial pres5t$ "u ea* p>agraph4 ,?is mat]ial is arrang$ "u six head+s = ! conv5i5ce ( ^? :o wi% to foll[ ! plan ( daily read+ & /udy4 ,,books ,,( ,,ref]5ce4 ,! books sugge/$ 9 connection ) ?is c\rse h be5 c>efully select$ 9 ord] t ea* p]son may h = 8 individual use a practical work+ libr>y4 ,! foll[+ %\ld be at h& = con/ant ref]5ce4 ,k5t1 ,c4 ,f41 ,! ,hi/orical ,bible1 ,vols4 ,i & ,,ii4 ,conta9s ! important ,biblical passages arrang$ 9 *ronological ord] & provid$ ) ! hi/orical1 geographical & ar*aeological notes requir$ = _! cle> und]/&+4 ,! translation is bas$ on ! olde/ manuscripts & embodies ! con/ructive results ( mod]n ,biblical rese>*4 ,new ,york1 #a4jj ea*4 ,j5ks1 ,j4 ,w41 ,pr9ciples ( ,politics4 ,new ,york1 #a4be4 ,prep>$ to expla9 ! pr9ciples by :i* political action is gov]n$ & ?us to aid ?\ghtful citiz5s bo? to ga9 a cle> outlook on life & wisely to direct _! own political activity4 ,ari/otle1 ,politics4 ,! greate/ ma/]piece ( sci5tific political ?\ght4 ,its diff]5t po9t ( view w sugge/ _m illum9at+ comp>isons betwe5 ,greek & mod]n political ideals & in/itutions & give ! read] a broad basis = ! appreciation ( t :i* is ess5tial & endur+ 9 ! /atecraft ( all ages4 #b4ej4 ,= fur!r p>allel /udy ! foll[+ books are sugge/$3 ,brea/$1 ,j4 ,h41 ,hi/ory ( ! ,anci5t ,egyptians4 ,cle>1 concise & au?oritative4 ,new ,york1 #a4be4 ,bryce1 ,james1 ,! ,am]ican ,commonweal?1 ,vols4 ,i1 ,,ii4 ,new ,york1 #b4jj ea*4 ,be/ comm5t>y on ,am]ican ,gov]nm5t4 ,coop]1 ,c4 ,s41 ,! ,bible & ,mod]n ,life4 ,pres5ts ! po9t ( view f :i* ! ,bible may mo/ pr(itably be /udi$ & conta9s valuable sugge/ions reg>d+ ! organization & "w ( college & adult classes4 ,new ,york1 #a4be4 ,driv]1 ,s4 ,r41 ,introduction to ! ,lit]ature ( ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,new ,york1 #b4ej4 ,a sane1 ?or\gh /udy ( ! orig91 hi/ory1 & cont5ts ( ! ,old ,te/am5t books4' ,goodspe$1 ,g4 ,s41 ,hi/ory ( ! ,babylonians & ,assyrians4 ,new ,york1 #a4be4 ,a compreh5sive & attractive picture ( ! life ( ^! anci5t p4 ,hadley1 ,a4 ,t41 ,/&>ds ( ,public ,morality4 ,new ,york1 #a4jj4 ,a sugge/ive /udy ( ! application ( moral pr9ciples to ! life ( society4 ,ha/+s1 ,james1 ,diction>y ( ! ,bible1 ,vols4 #a-e4 ,new ,york1 #f4jj ea*4 ,a summ>y ( ! hi/orical1 lit]>y1 geographical & ar*aeological facts :i* con/itute ! backgr\nd ( ! life & ?\ght ( ! ,bible4 ,k5t1 ,c4 ,f41 ,! ,beg9n+s ( ,hebrew ,hi/ory & ,israel's ,hi/orical & ,biographical ,n>ratives4 7,vols4 ,i & ,,ii ( ,/ud5t's ,old ,te/am5t47 #b4ge ea*4 ,pres5ts 9 a cle>1 mod]n translation ! orig9al s\rces incorporat$ 9 ! hi/orical books ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 ! orig9 & lit]>y hi/ory ( ^! books1 & ! important p>allel ,babylonian & ,assyrian lit]ature4 ,k5t1 ,c4 ,f41 ,biblical ,geography & ,hi/ory4 ,new ,york1 #a4ej4 ,a cle> portrayal ( ! physical *>act]i/ics ( ,pale/9e & ( ! pot5t influ5ces :i* t l& has ex]t$ ?r\gh\t ! ages ^u its inhabitants4 ,mc,fadyen1 ,j4 ,e41 ,messages ( ! ,prophets & ,prie/ly ,hi/orians4 ,new ,york1 #a1be4 ,a fre% & effective int]pretation ( ! hi/orical & spiritual messages ( ! ,old ,te/am5t hi/orical books into ! language & ?\ght ( to-day4 ,smi?1 ,h4 ,p41 ,old ,te/am5t ,hi/ory4 ,new ,york1 #b4ej4 ,a ?or\gh1 well-proportion$ pres5tation ( ! unfold+ ( ,israel's hi/ory4 ,wilson1 ,woodr[1 ,con/itutional ,gov]nm5t 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 #a4ej4 ,a con/ructive judgm5t ( ! ,am]ican con/itution4 ,seeley1 ,j4 ,r41 ,introduction to ,political ,sci5ce4 #a4ej4 ,an effective example ( ! application ( ! hi/orical me?ods to politics4 ,,/udy ,i ,,man',s ,,place ,,9 ,,! ,,_w4 ,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,creation -- ,g54 #a & #b4 ,p>allel ,read+s4 ,k5t1 ,hi/orical ,bible1 ,vol4 ,i1 pp4 #a-g1 #bca-c4 ,articles1 ,evolution & ,cosmogony1 9 ,ency4 ,brit4 or ,int]4 ,ency41 or any /&>d encyclop$ia4 ,god creat$ man 9 8 own image1 9 ! image ( ,god creat$ he him1 male & female creat$ he !m4 ,& ,god bless$ !m1 & ,god said unto !m1 ,be fruitful1 & multiply1 & repl5i% ! e>?1 & subdue x2 & h dom9ion ov] ! fi% ( ! sea1 & ov] ! birds ( ! heav5s1 & ov] e liv+ ?+ t move? ^u ! e>?4--,g54 #a3bg1 #bh4 ,:5 ,i consid] ?y heav5s1 ! "w ( ?y f+]s1 ,! moon & ! />s :i* ?\ ha/ orda9$2 ,:at is man1 t ?\ art m9dful ( him8 ,& ! son ( man t ?\ visite/ him8 ,= ?\ ha/ made him b little l[] ?an ,god1 ,& cr[ne/ him ) glory & honor4 ,?\ make/ him to h dom9ion ov] ! works ( ?9e h&s1 ,?\ ha/ put all ?+s "u 8 feet4--,ps4 #h3 #h-f4 ,god clo!d m5 ) /r5g? l 8 own1 ,& made !m accord+ to 8 own image4 ,he put ! fe> ( !m ^u all fle%1 ,t !y %\ld h dom9ion ov] bea/s & birds4 ,m\? & tongue1 eyes & e>s1 ,& a m9d ) :i* to ?9k he gave !m2 ,) insight & wisdom he fill$ _! m9ds1 ,good & evil he taught !m4 ,b5 ,sira4 #ag1 #c-g 7,hi/4 ,bible74 ,all ?+s 7 made ?r\gh him2 & )\t him 0 n any ?+ made t ha? be5 made4--,john #a3c4 ,i4 ,,diff]5t ,,!ories ,,( ,,creation4 ,e e>ly p naturally ask$ ! que/ions1 ,h[ 7 ?+s made8 ,h[ 7 m5 creat$8 ,fir/ ( all1 ,:o made ! _w8 ,!y necess>ily answ]$ !m accord+ to _! own dawn+ k4 ,! mo/ primitive races believ$ t "s great animal creat$ ! e>? & man4 ,9 ! ,alaskan collection 9 ! museum ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,p5nsylvania !re is a huge cr[1 sitt+ ^u ! mask ( a man's face4 ,?is symbolizes ! crude belief ( ! ,alaskan ,indians reg>d+ ! way man 0 creat$4 ,! e>ly ,egyptians ?\ght t ! e>? & man 7 hat*$ out ( an egg4 ,9 "o "p ( ,egypt x 0 held t ! artisan god ,ptah broke ! egg ) 8 hamm]4 ,9 ano!r "p ( ! l& & probably at a lat] date ! tradition 0 curr5t t ,?o? ! moon god spoke ! _w into exi/5ce4 ,! e>lie/ ,babylonian record /ates t3 ,! god ,m>duk laid a re$ on ! face ( ! wat]s1 ,he =m$ du/ & p\r$ x out beside ! re$2 ,t he might cause ! gods to dwell 9 ! dwell+s ( _! he>t's desire1 ,he =m$ mank9d4 ,lat] he =m$ ! grass & ! ru% ( ! m>% & ! =e/4 ,!n he creat$ ! animals & _! "y4 ,! ,p>see tea*]s held t ! rival gods1 ,ahriman & ,ormuzd1 evolv$ !mselves out ( primordial matt] & !n ?r\gh ! long ages creat$ _! att5dant hi]>*ies ( angels4 ,! philosoph]s ( ,india anticipat$ 9 "s respects our mod]n evolution>y !ory4 ,brahma is ?\ght ( z self-exi/5t & et]nal4 ,he gradually cond5ses himself into mat]ial objects1 su* z e!r1 fire1 wat]1 e>? & ! elem5ts4 ,la/ ( all he manife/s himself 9 man4 ,! ,greek philosoph]s 7 ! fir/ to attempt to describe creation z a purely physical1 g5]ative process4 ,!y taught ! evolution ( ! m complex f ! simpl] =ms4 ,plato & ,ari/otle believ$ 9 a transc5d5tal deity & f\nd 9 ! _w indications ( a vital impulse t[>d a high] manife/ation ( life--man4 ,mi*ael ,angelo1 ) wond]ful dramatic p[]1 9 8 pa9t+ 9 ! ,si/9e ,*apel at ,rome has portray$ h[ lifeless clay 9 =m ( man1 :5 t\*$ by ! f+] ( ,god1 by %e] vitaliz+ p[] is trans=m$ into a liv+ s\l4 ,v diff]5t yet equally impressive is ! mod]n sci5tific view4 ,! orig9 ( matt] & ( life is s absolutely unkn[n t sci5ti/s h n z yet =mulat$ def9ite !ories conc]n+ x4 ,ev5 ! !ories reg>d+ ! orig9 ( ! sol> sy/em are /ill conflict+ & none is g5]ally accept$4 ,! old nebul> hypo!sis is discr$it$ & ! !ory ( ! spiral movem5t ( ! sol> matt] seems to be confirm$ by ph5om5a obs]vable 9 ! heav5s4 ,! "o pr9ciple g5]ally held by sci5ti/s is t1 giv5 matt] & life & "s creat+ =ce1 our pres5t m>vel\s complex univ]se has come into be+ accord+ to laws usually call$ natural4 ,^! laws are s inv>iable t !y may be consid]$ un*ang+4 ,ev5 m def9itely e/abli%$ is ! s-call$ !ory ( evolution :i* is bas$ on ! c>eful obs]vation & comp>ison ( c\ntless ?\s&s ( natural ph5om5a4 ,accord+ to ! ,encyclop$ia ,britannica x is ! hi/ory ( ! physical process by :i* all liv+ be+s h acquir$ ! *>act]i/ics1 physical1 m5tal1 moral1 & spiritual1 :i* n[ di/+ui% !m4 ,x recognizes ! gradual developm5t f ! simple/ to ! mo/ complex =ms4 ,x is m]ely an attempt to describe 9 ! light ( c>eful obs]vation & inve/igation ! process ( gr[? by :i* ! _w & ! be+s :i* inhabit x h gr[n into :at !y are4 ,a comp>ison ( ! ,hebrew acc\nt ( creation ) ^? ( o!r races & times is extremely sugge/ive4 ,,ii4 ,,! ,,prie/ly ,,/ory ,,( ,,creation4 ,note t ! fir/ & second *apt]s ( ,g5esis conta9 two di/9ct acc\nts ( creation4 ,read ,g5esis #a3a--b3c 7see ,hi/4 ,bib41 ,i1 pp4 #bca-c = mod]n translation71 not+ its picture ( conditions 9 ! univ]se be=e ! actual "w ( creation began4 ,! creative p[] is ! _s or brea? ( ,god4 ,! ,hebrew ^w = _s 7ruah7 repres5ts ! s\nd ( ! brea? z x em]ges f ! m\? or ! s\nd ( ! w9d z x sighs ?r\gh ! trees4 ,x is ! effective symbol ( a real & mighty =ce t _c be se5 or t\*$ yet produces t]rific effects1 z :5 ! cyclone r5ds ! =e/ or trans=ms ! sea into a m\nta9 ( bill[s & twi/s l /raws ! ma/s ( wood & /eel4 ,9 ! ,old ,te/am5t ! _s ( ,god or ! _s ( ! ,holy ,"o is ,god work+ 7#a7 9 ! mat]ial univ]se1 z 9 ! "w ( creation1 7#b7 9 human hi/ory1 z :5 he directs ! life ( nations1 or 7#c7 9 ! lives ( m54 ,note ! me?od ( creation & ! di/9ctive "w ( ea* day4 ,! process is t ( sep>ation4 ,x is ord]ly & progressive4 ,! fir/ ?ree days ( prep>ation 9 :i* 7#a7 light & d>kness1 7#b7 air & wat] 7sep>at$ by ! firmam5t7 & 7#c7 l& & vegetation are creat$1 correspond to ! "w ( ! second ?ree days 9 :i* are creat$ 7#a7 ! heav5ly bodies1 7#b7 ! birds & fi%es 7:i* live 9 ! air & wat]7 & 7#c7 l& animals & man4 ,! und]ly+ conception ( ! univ]se is t held by mo/ e>ly peoples4 ,comp>e ! diagram 9 ,ha/+s' ,diction>y ( ! ,bible ,i1 #ejc or ,k5t's ,/ud5t's ,old ,te/am5t1 ,vol4 ,i1 p4 #eb :i* illu/rates x4 ,god's b5ign plan is reveal$ by ! recurr+ words3 ,god saw t x 0 good4 ,:at 0 ! culm9at+ act ( creation8 ,creat$ man 9 8 image c n mean ) a body l t ( ,god 7= 9 ?is /ory ,god is ?\ght ( z a _s71 b r ) a ,god-l _s1 m9d1 w1 & p[] to rule4 ,,iii ,,! ,,e>ly ,,prophetic ,,/ory ,,( ,,creation4 ,! op5+ words ( ! second acc\nt ( creation1 :i* beg9s 9 ! f\r? v]se ( ! second *apt] ( ,g5esis1 imply t ! e>? & ! heav5s h already be5 creat$4 ,9 ! day t ,jehovah made e>? & heav51 no plant ( ! field 0 yet on ! e>?1 & no h]b ( ! field _h yet sprung up1 = ,jehovah _h n caus$ x to ra9 ^u ! e>?1 & !re 0 no man to till ! gr\nd2 b a mi/ us$ to rise f ! e>? & wat] ! :ole face ( ! gr\nd4 ,x is possible t "h only a "p ( ! orig9al /ory is pres]v$4 ,:at is ! ord] 9 ! /ory ( creation f\nd 9 ?is second *apt]8 ,! me?od ( man's creation8 ,accord+ to ?is acc\nt1 ! tree ( life 0 plant$ 9 ! g>d5 t man1 :ile he liv$ !re1 might enjoy immortality4 ,0 ! tree ( ! k ( good & evil plac$ 9 ! g>d5 to develop man's moral nature by temptation or m]ely to inculcate ob$i5ce8 ,! love betwe5 ! sexes is app>5tly implant$ 9 all liv+ be+s prim>ily = ! cons]vation ( ! species1 b ! e>ly prophet also recogniz$ cle>ly ! broad] intellectual & moral aspects ( ! relation4 ,x is n good = man to be alone 7 ! significant words ( ,jehovah4 ,h5ce animals1 birds1 &1 la/ ( all1 woman1 7 creat$ to meet man's innate social ne$s4 ,man's words on see+ woman 73 ,?is1 n[1 is bone ( my bone ,& fle% ( my fle%4 ,?is "o %all be call$ woman1 ,= f man 0 %e tak54 ,:at fundam5tal explanation is "h giv5 ( ! in/itution ( m>riage8 ,comp>e ,jesus' confirmation ( ?is tea*+ 9 ,mat!w #ai3d-e3 ,& he answ]$ & said1 ,h ye n read1 t he :o made !m f ! beg9n+ made !m male & female1 & said1 ,= ?is cause %all a man leave 8 fa!r & "m1 & %all cleave to 8 wife3 & ! two %all become "o fle%8 ,,iv4 ,a ,,comp>ison ,,( ,,! ,,two ,,acc\nts ,,( ,,creation4 ,! acc\nt ( creation f\nd 9 ! second *apt] sugge/s ! simple1 direct ideas ( a primitive p2 :ile ! acc\nt 9 ,g5esis #a has ! exact1 repetiti\s1 maje/ic lit]>y /yle ( a legal writ]4 ,are ! diff]5ces betwe5 ^! two acc\nts ( creation great] ?an ^? betwe5 ! p>allel n>ratives 9 ! ,gospels8 ,we recognize t ! diff]5ces 9 detail betwe5 ! ,gospel acc\nts ( ! same ev5t are due to ! fact t no two n>rators tell ! same /ory 9 ! same way4 ,are ! v>iations betwe5 ! two ,biblical acc\nts ( creation to be simil>ly expla9$8 ,a gr[+ body ( ,biblical s*ol>s hold1 ?\gh _m diff] 9 judgm5t1 t ! acc\nt 9 ! fir/ *apt] ( ,g5esis 0 writt5 by a prie/ly writ] :o liv$ ab\t f\r hundr$ ,b4,c41 & ! second acc\nt f\r hundr$ ye>s e>li] by a patriotic1 prophetic hi/orian4 ,obs]ve t ! two acc\nts agree 9 ! foll[+ fundam5tal tea*+s3 7#a7 ,"o supreme ,god is ! ,creator2 7#b7 man is closely ak9 to ,god2 7#c7 all else is creat$ = man's be/ & noble/ developm5t4 ,is ! prim>y aim ( ^! acc\nts to pres5t sci5tific facts or to tea* religi\s tru?s8 ,paul says 9 ,timo?y t ,e scripture inspir$ ( ,god is also pr(itable = tea*+1 = repro(1 = correction1 = in/ruction :i* is 9 righte\sness4 ,is _! religi\s value1 ev5 z 9 ! p>ables ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 entirely indep5d5t ( _! hi/orical or sci5tific accuracy8 ,is !re any contradiction betwe5 ! di/9ctive tea*+s ( ! ,bible & mod]n sci5ce8 ,d n ! ,bible & sci5ce deal ) two diff]5t b supplem5tal fields ( life3 ! "o ) religion & morals1 ! o!r ) ! physical _w8 ,v4 ,,man',s ,,conque/ ,,& ,,rul]%ip ,,( ,,! ,,_w4 ,9 ! /ory ( ,g5esis #a man is comm&$ to subdue ! e>? & to h dom9ion ov] ! fi% ( ! sea & ov] ! birds ( ! heav5s & ov] e liv+ ?+ t creeps ^u ! e>?4 ,h[ f> has man already subdu$ ! animals & made !m s]ve him8 ,h[ f> has he conqu]$ ! s-call$ natural =ces & le>n$ to utilize !m8 ,is ! latt] day conque/ ( ! air b a /ep 9 ?is progress8 ,are all inv5tions & developm5ts ( sci5ce 9 keep+ ) ! purpose express$ 9 ,g5esis #a8 ,does ! comm& imply ! imm$iate or ! gradual conque/ ( nature8 ,:y8 ,d sci5ce & ! ,bible diff] or agree 9 _! answ]s to ^! que/ions8 ,,vi4 ,,man',s ,,responsibility ,,z ,,! ,,rul] ,,( ,,! ,,_w4 ,consid] ! diff]5t ways 9 :i* ! ,biblical acc\nts ( creation /ate t man is ak9 to ,god4 ,9 ! "o acc\nt man 0 creat$ 9 ! image ( ,god2 9 ! o!r ,jehovah =m$ man ( ! du/ ( ! gr\nd & brea!d into 8 no/rils 8 own life-giv+ brea?4 ,9 :at s5se is man ,god-l8 ,are all m5 made 9 ! image ( ,god8 ,does ?is /ory imply t e man has ! "r & capacity to become ,god-l8 ,a high (ficial ( ,*9a1 ^: p[] ( au?ority ext5ds to que/ions ( life & dea?1 is call$ ! fa!r & "m ( 8 p4 ,if he fails 9 ! responsibility :i* 8 au?ority imposes ^u him1 & ! p 9 consequ5ce create a di/urbance1 he is sev]ely puni%$1 sometimes by dea?4 ,does au?ority always imply responsibility8 ,( :at value to man is ! conque/ ( ! =ces ( nature8 ,presid5t ,roosevelt said t he consid]$ ! cons]vation ( ! natural res\rces ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ! mo/ important "q be=e ! ,am]ican p4 ,is ?is political "q also a religi\s "q8 ,:y did ,god give man au?ority ov] ! animal _w8 ,does ! responsibility t comes f ?is au?ority re/ ^u e man8 ,"o ( ! laws ( ! ,boy ,sc\ts reads3 ,a sc\t is k9d4 ,he is a fri5d to animals4 ,he w n kill nor hurt any liv+ creature ne$lessly1 b w /rive to save & protect all h>mless life4 ,is ?is a practical application ( ! tea*+ 9 ,g5esis #a8 ,if ,god's purpose is to make ev]y?+ good1 man's highe/ privilege1 z well z duty1 is to co-op]ate ) him 9 realiz+ t purpose4 ,are m5 to-day z a :ole gr[+ happi] & nobl]8 ,9 :at practical ways may a man contribute to ! happ9ess & ennobl+ ( 8 fell[ m58 ,is y\r community gr[+ bett]8 ,:at w\ld be ! result if y & o!rs l y\rself did y\r be/ to improve conditions8 ,if s1 h[8 ,que/ions = ,fur!r ,consid]ation4 ,is man's possession ( k & p[] ! ultimate object ( creation8 ,if n1 :at is8 ,does human exp]i5ce sugge/ t man's life on e>? is1 9 its ultimate mean+1 simply a s*ool = ! developm5t ( individual "* & = ! p]fect+ ( ! human race8 ,is !re any o!r practical way 9 :i* a man c s]ve ,god except by s]v+ 8 fell[m58 ,if s1 h[8 ,subjects = ,fur!r ,/udy4 7#a7 ,! ,orig9 & ,cont5t ( ! ,babylonian ,/ories ( ,creation4--,ha/+s1 ,diction>y ( ! ,bible1 #a1 #eja-g2 ,k5t1 ,/ud5t's ,o4 ,t41 ,i1 #cfj-i4 7#b7 ,! ,relation ( ! ,biblical ,/ory ( ! ,creation to ! ,babylonian4--,k5t1 ,/ud5t's ,o4 ,t41 ,i1 #cfi-gj4 7#c7 ,! ,seem+ ,conflict ,betwe5 ! ,tea*+s ( ! ,bible & ,sci5ce & ! ,practical ,reconciliation4--,sir ,oliv] ,lodge3 ,sci5ce & ,immortality1 ,section #a4 ,,/udy ,,ii ,,man',s ,,responsibility ,,= ,,8 ,,acts4 ,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,! ,,g>d5 ,,( ,,ed54--,g54 #c4 ,p>allel ,read+s4 ,hi/4 ,bible1 ,vol4 ,i1 #cg-db4 ,drummond1 ,ideal ,life1 ,*aps4 on ,s94 ,& :5 ! woman saw t ! tree 0 good = food & t x 0 a delight to ! eye1 & t ! tree 0 to be desir$ to make "o wise1 %e took ( ! fruit !re(1 & did eat2 & %e gave also unto h] husb& ) h] & he did eat4 ,& ! eyes ( !m bo? 7 op5$ & !y be>d ! voice ( ,jehovah ,god walk+ 9 ! g>d5 9 ! cool ( ! day3 & ! man & 8 wife hid !mselves f ! pres5ce ( ,jehovah ,god among/ ! trees ( ! g>d54--,g54 #c3f-h4 ,bless$ is ! man t endure? temptation2 = :5 he ha? be5 approv$1 he %all receive a cr[n ( life1 :i* ! ,"l promis$ to !m t love him4 ,let no man say :5 he is tempt$1 ,i am tempt$ ( ,god2 = ,god _c be tempt$ ) evil1 & he himself tempte? no man2 b ea* man is tempt$ :5 he is drawn away by 8 own lu/ & entic$4 ,!n ! lu/1 :5 x ha? conceiv$1 be>e? s93 & ! s91 :5 x is full gr[n1 br+e? =? dea?4--,james #a3ab-ae4 ,= ! love ( ,god is broad] ,?an ! measure ( man's m9d1 ,& ! he>t ( ! et]nal ,is mo/ wond]fully k9d4--,fr$]ick ,w4 ,fab]4 ,none c\ld ent] into life b ^? :o 7 9 d[nright e>ne/ & unless !y left ! wick$ _w beh9d !m2 = !re 0 only room = body & s\l1 b n = body & s\l & s94--,john ,bunyan4 ,i4 ,,! ,,nature ,,( ,,s94 ,h5ry ,drummond has said t s9 is a little ^w t has w&]$ out ( !ology into life4 ,memb]s ( a secret organization kn[n z ! ,?ugs ( ,india feel at times t x is _! solemn duty to /rangle c]ta9 ( _! fell[ m54 ,d !y !reby commit a s98 ,a ,p>see believes t x is wrong to light a cig>1 = x is a desecration ( 8 emblem ( purity--fire4 ,o!rs 9 ! we/]n _w = v diff]5t reasons reg>d ! same act z wrong4 ,is ! light+ or smok+ ( a cig> a s9 = ^! classes8 ,is ! act necess>ily wrong 9 itself8 ,:5 a tra9$ dog fails to obey 8 ma/]1 does he s98 ,is man alone capable ( s9n+8 ,,ii4 ,,! ,,diff]5t ,,!ories ,,reg>d+ ,,! ,,orig9 ,,( ,,s94 ,_m & v>i\s h be5 ! def9itions ( s9 & ! explanations ( its orig94 ,mo/ primitive peoples def9$ x z failure to p]=m c]ta9 c]emonial acts1 or to br+ tribute to ! gods4 ,morality & religion 7 r>ely comb9$4 ,! ,hebrew p 7 ! fir/ to def9e "r & wrong 9 t]ms ( p]sonal life & s]vice4 ,s9 z repres5t$ 9 ,g5esis #c 0 ! result ( individual *oice4 ,x 0 yield+ to ! common r ?an ! nobl] impulses1 to desire r ?an to ! s5se ( duty4 ,! temptation came f )9 r ?an f )\t1 & ! responsibility ( n *oos+ ! be/ re/$ ) ! individual4 ,! explanation is z simple & z true to human exp]i5ce to-day z 9 ! *ildhood ( ! race4 ,! ,p]sian religion1 on ! contr>y1 conceiv$ ( ! _w z controll$ by two ho/ile gods1 ) _! ho/s ( att5dant angels4 ,"o god1 ,ormuzd1 0 ! embodim5t ( light & goodness4 ,! o!r1 ,ahriman1 repres5t$ d>kness & evil4 ,!y trac$ all s9 to ! direct influ5ce ( ,ahriman & ! evil spirits t att5d$ him4 ,dur+ ! ,p]sian p]iod a some:at simil> explanation ( ! orig9 ( evil appe>$ 9 ,jewi% ?\ght4 ,satan1 :o 9 ! book ( ,job appe>s to be simply ! prosecut+ attorney ( heav51 began to be ?\ght ( z ! enemy ( man1 until 9 lat] times all s9 0 trac$ directly or indirectly to 8 influ5ce4 ,?is 0 ! conception preval5t among ! ,puritans4 ,?is view t5d$ to relieve man ( p]sonal responsibility = he 0 reg>d$ z ! victim ( assaults ( ho/s ( malignant spirits4 ,does y\r k ( ! he>t ( man confirm ! insight ( ! prophet :o speaks ?r\gh ! wond]ful /ory ( ,g5esis #c8 ,,iii4 ,,! ,,orig9 ,,( ,,s9 ,,accord+ ,,to ,,! ,,/ory ,,9 ,,g5esis #c4 ,9 y\r judgm5t is ! /ory ( ! man & ! woman 9 ,g5esis #c a *apt] f ! life ( a c]ta9 man & woman1 or a fai?ful reflection ( univ]sal human exp]i5ce8 ,mo/ ( ! elem5ts :i* are f\nd 9 ! /ory may likewise be trac$ 9 e>li] ,semitic traditions4 ,! aim ( ! prophet :o has giv5 u ! /ory 01 accord+ to ! view ( c]ta9 int]pret]s1 to pres5t 9 vivid1 concrete =m ! orig91 nature1 & consequ5ces ( s94 ,?is me?od ( tea*+ 0 simil> to t :i* ,jesus us$1 = example1 9 ! p>able ( ,dives & ,laz>us4 ,! tree ( ! k ( good & evil1 ) ! comm& n to eat ( x1 app>5tly symbolizes temptation4 ,is temptation necess>y = man's moral developm5t8 ,! s]p5t 0 evid5tly *os5 because ( its reputation = craft & trea*]y4 ,! s]p5t's words repres5t ! natural incl9ations t 7 /ruggl+ 9 ! m9d ( ! woman aga9/ h] s5se ( duty4 ,note t 9 ! /ory ! temptation did n come to man ?r\gh 8 appetite or 8 curiosity or 8 e/hetic s5se b ?r\gh 8 wife :om ,god _h giv5 him4 ,0 ! man's act 9 any way excusable8 ,/rong m5 & wom5 (t5 s9 ?r\gh ! influ5ce ( ^? :om !y love & admire4 ,are !y !reby excus$8 ,:at natural impulses impell$ ! woman to disobey ! div9e comm&8 ,7 ^! impulses ( !mselves wrong8 ,h[ f> did h] exp]i5ce reflect common human exp]i5ce8 ,:at 0 ! real nature ( h] act8 ,0 x wrong or praise-wor?y = h] to desire k8 ,9 :at =m did temptation come to ! man 9 ,g5esis #c4 ,does temptation appeal 9 a diff]5t =m to ea* individual8 ,! ,hebrew ^w = s9 7:i* means to miss ! m>k plac$ be=e ea* individual7 vividly & aptly describes ! real nature ( s94 ,! ideal plac$ be=e ea* individual repres5ts 8 s5se ( :at is "r4 ,if he acts contr>y to t ideal or fails to /rive to realize x1 does he s98 ,,iv4 ,,! ,,effects ,,( ,,s9 ,,^u ,,! ,,wrong-,,do]4 ,:at 0 ! effect ( _! consci\sness ( hav+ disobey$ ^u ! man & woman 9 ! anci5t /ory8 ,did !y believe t !y _h done wrong1 or m]ely t !y _h incurr$ a p5alty8 ,does s9 t5d to make c[>ds ( m58 ,7 ! feel+s ( %ame1 & ! s5se ( e/rangem5t 9 ! pres5ce ( "o :o lov$ !m1 ! mo/ tragic effect ( _! s98 ,:5 a *ild disobeys a p>5t or a fri5d wrongs a fri5d is ! s5se ( hav+ injur$ a lov$ "o ! mo/ pa9ful consequ5ce ( s98 ,0 ! p5alty impos$ on ! man & woman ! result ( a div9e judgm5t or ! natural & inevitable effect ( wrong-do+8 ,:y did ! man & woman try to excuse _! disob$i5ce8 ,0 x natural8 ,0 x good policy8 ,0 x "r8 ,if n1 :y n8 ,v4 ,,god',s ,,attitude ,,t[>d ,,! ,,s9n]4 ,jehovah 9 ! /ory evid5tly ask$ ! man & woman a "q1 ! answ] to :i* he already knew1 9 ord] to give !m an opportunity to confess _! wrong-do+4 ,p>5ts & tea*]s (t5 seek to give ! culprit ! opportunity to confess 8 s94 ,:at is ! attitude ( ! law t[>ds ! crim9al :o pleads guilty8 ,:at is ! reason = ?is attitude8 ,a lov+ p>5t or ev5 ! /ate might =give an unrep5tant s9n]1 b ! effect ( ! wrong-do+ ^u ! s9n] & ^u o!rs may /ill rema94 ,:ile ! man & woman rema9$ consci\s ( _! wrong-do+1 ?\gh defiant1 to abide 9 ,jehovah's pres5ce 0 = !m intol]able4 ,are toil & pa9 ess5tial to ! moral developm5t ( s9n]s :o refuse to confess _! crime8 ,are toil & pa9 9 !mselves curses or bless+s to ^? :o h done wrong8 ,! picture 9 ,g5esis #c cle>ly implies t ,god's int5tion 0 n t man %\ld suff] b t he %\ld enjoy p]fect heal? & happ9ess4 ,jehovah's prep>ation ( ! coats ( sk9 = ! man & woman is conv9c+ evid5ce t 8 love & c>e cont9u$ unremitt+ly ev5 = ! wrong do]s4 ,mod]n psy*ology is mak+ x cle> t ! effect ( s9 ^u ! unrep5tant s9n] is to increase 8 incl9ation t[>d s9n+4 ,b :5 a man 9 p5it5ce = 8 s9 has turn$ t[>d ,god & *ang$ 8 relation to 8 fell[ m51 ,god becomes to him a new ,be+ ) a ne>ness & intimacy impossible be=e6 ,may ! ,*ri/ian believe t ?is new s5se ( ne>ness & love to ,god is met by a correspond+ feel+ on ,god's "p8 ,9 ! light ( ,*ri/ian exp]i5ce is !re n e reason to believe t ,god himself also ent]s into a new & joy\s relation%ip ) ! man8 ,?is ?\ght 0 evid5tly 9 ! m9d ( ,jesus :5 be decl>$ t !re 0 joy 9 heav5 ov] "o s9n] t rep5t$4 ,,vi4 ,,! ,,effect ,,( ,,s9 ,,^u ,,society4 ,m5 are (t5 he>d to rem>k t !y are will+ to be> ! consequ5ces ( _! s94 ,is x possible = any individual to exp]i5ce 9 himself ! entire result ( 8 wrong-do+8 ,9 ! ,g5esis /ory ! woman's delib]ate disob$i5ce w\ld seem to h _h v direct influ5ce ^u h] husb&4 ,mank9d has almo/ univ]sally come to reg>d c]ta9 acts z wrong & to prescribe def9ite modes ( puni%m5t4 ,su* decisions h come ab\t n simply because ( ! effect ( s9 ^u ! individual b m especially because ! s9 ( ! individual affects society4 ,/ate ! diff]5t influ5ces t det] m5 f s9 & note ^? :i* f y\r exp]i5ce seem ! /ronge/4 ,que/ions = ,fur!r ,consid]ation4 ,is an act t is wrong = "o man necess>ily a s9 if committ$ by ano!r8 ,are m5's t5d5cies to s9 due to _! inh]itance or to impulses :i* !y %>e 9 common ) brutes1 or to influ5ces t come f _! environm5t8 ,9 ! light ( ?is discussion =mulate y\r own def9ition ( s94 ,is ! f9al te/ ( s9 a man's consci\sness ( guilt1 or ! ultimate effect ( 8 act ^u himself1 or ^u society8 ,may ! woman 9 ! ,g>d5 ( ,ed5 be reg>d$ z ! prototype ( ! mod]n sci5ti/8 ,are !re ways 9 :i* ! sci5ti/ may s9 9 mak+ 8 inve/igations8 ,illu/rate4 ,h[ ab\t vivisection8 ,does s9 br+ moral enlight5m5t8 ,di/+ui% betwe5 ,jesus' attitude t[>d s9 & t[>d ! s9n]4 ,:at %\ld be our attitude t[>d ! s9n]8 ,if ! man & woman _h frankly confess$ _! s91 :at1 by implication1 w\ld h be5 ! effect3 fir/1 ^u !mselves1 & second1 ^u ! attitude & action ( ,god8 ,does temptation to s91 z 9 ! case ( ,adam1 (t5 come 9 ! guise ( virtue8 ,:at is ! value ( confession to ! s9n]8 ,to society8 ,subjects = ,fur!r ,/udy4 7#a7 ,! ,babylonian & ,egyptian ,idea ( ,s94 ,ha/+s1 ,diction>y ( ! ,bible1 extra vol4 #eff-efg2 ,brea/$1 ,hi/ory ( ,egypt1 #agc-age2 ,ja/r[1 ,religion ( ! ,babylonians & ,assyrians1 #cac-cbg4 7#b7 ,milton's ,int]pretation ( ,g5esis #c 9 ,p>adise ,lo/4 7#c7 ,! ,"r & ,wrong ( ! ,attempt$ ,surr5d] ( ,we/ ,po9t f ! ,po9t ( ,view ( ,b5$ict ,arnold1 ,&re & ,wa%+ton4 ,,/udy ,,iii ,,! ,,crim9al ,,& ,,8 ,,relation ,,to ,,society4 ,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,ca94--,g54 #d3a-af4 ,p>allel ,read+s4 ,hi/4 ,bible1 ,vol4 #a1 #db-df4 ,j5ks1 ,pr94 ( ,pol4 #a-af4 ,augu/ ,drahms1 ,! ,crim9al4 ,n[ 9 ! c\rse ( "t x came to pass1 t ,ca9 br\ght "s ( ! fruit ( ! gr\nd z an (f]+ to ,jehovah4 ,& ,abel also br\ght "s ( ! fir/l+s ( 8 flock & ( _! fat4 ,& ,jehovah look$ favorably ^u ,abel & 8 (f]+3 b = ,ca9 & 8 (f]+ he _h no reg>d4 ,!re=e1 ,ca9 0 v angry & 8 c\nt5ance fell4 ,& ,jehovah said to ,ca91 ,:y art ?\ angry8 ,& :y is ?y c\nt5ance fall58 ,if ?\ doe/ well1 is !re n acceptance8 ,b if ?\ doe/ n well1 ,does n s9 cr\* at ! door8 ,& to !e %all be its desire1 ,b ?\ %\ld/ rule ov] x4 ,!n ,ca9 said to ,abel 8 bro!r1 ,let u g into ! field4 ,& :ile !y 7 9 ! field1 ,ca9 rose up aga9/ ,abel 8 bro!r & slew him4 ,& :5 ,jehovah said to ,ca91 ,:]e is ,abel ?y bro!r8 he said1 ,i1 "k n2 am ,i my bro!r's keep]4--,g54 #d3c-i 7,hi/4 ,bible74 ,& ! ,scribes & ! ,ph>isees br+ a woman tak5 9 adult]y2 & hav+ set h] 9 ! mid/1 !y say unto ,jesus1 ,tea*]1 ?is woman ha? be5 tak5 9 adult]y1 9 ! v act4 ,n[ 9 ! law ,moses comm&$ u to /one su*3 :at !n saye/ ?\ ( h]8 ,& ?is !y said try+ him1 t !y might h :]e( to accuse him4 ,b ,jesus /oop$ d[n & ) 8 f+] wrote on ! gr\nd4 ,& :5 !y cont9u$ ask+ him1 he lift$ himself1 & said unto !m1 ,he t is )\t s9 among y1 let him fir/ ca/ a /one at h]4 ,& aga9 he /oop$ d[n & ) 8 f+] wrote on ! gr\nd4 ,& !y1 :5 !y he>d x1 w5t out "o by "o1 beg9n+ f ! elde/1 ev5 unto ! la/3 & ,jesus 0 left alone1 & ! woman1 :]e %e 01 9 ! mid/4 ,& ,jesus lift$ himself up & said unto h]1 ,woman1 :]e are !y8 ,did no man condemn !e8 ,& %e said1 ,no man1 ,"l4 ,& ,jesus said1 ,nei!r d ,i condemn !e4 ,g ?y way2 f h5ce=? s9 no m4--,john #h3c-aa4 ,e exp]im5t by multitudes or individuals t has a s5sual or selfi% aim w fail4--,em]son4 ,:5 y meet "o ( ^! m5 or wom5 be to !m a ,div9e man2 be to !m ?\ght & virtue2 let _! timid aspirations f9d 9 y a fri5d2 let _! trampl$ in/9cts be g5ially tempt$ out 9 y\r atmosph]e2 let _! d\bts "k t y h d\bt$1 & _! wond] feel t y h wond]$4--,em]son4 ,b ,i /ill h a good he>t & believe 9 myself & fell[ m5 & ! ,god :o made u all4--,rob]t ,l\is ,/ev5son4 ,i4 ,,! ,,mean+ ,,( ,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,ca94 ,9 ,arabia & ,pale/9e to-day1 z 9 ! pa/1 a man's prosp]ity or mis=tune is univ]sally reg>d$ z ! evid5ce ( div9e approval or disapproval4 ,ev5 ,jesus' disciples on see+ a bl9d man by ! wayside1 rais$ ! "q3 ,did ?is man s9 or 8 p>5ts8 ,among ! ,arabs ( ! des]t ! tribal m>k1 ei!r tattoo+ or a di/9ctive way ( cutt+ ! hair1 insures ! p[]ful protection ( ! tribe4 ,ea* tribesman is "u ! mo/ sacr$ obligation to protect ! life ( a memb] ( 8 tribe1 or to av5ge1 if ne$ be ) 8 own life-blood1 e injury done him4 ,)\t ! tribal m>k a man becomes an outlaw4 ,_m s*ol>s1 !re=e1 ?9k t ! m>k plac$ ^u ,ca9 0 n prim>ily a /igma proclaim+ 8 guilt1 b r a tok5 t protect$ him f viol5ce at ! h&s ( ,jehovah's p & compell$ !m to av5ge any wrongs t might befall him4 ,9 ! light ( ^! facts w\ld x n seem possible t ,ca9's "* & conduct are ! reason :y 8 (f]+ 0 n accept$8 ,:at is ! mean+ & purpose ( ,jehovah's "q1 ,:]e is ,abel ?y bro!r8 ,is x probable t 9 ! "q1 ,am ,i my bro!r's keep]1 ! writ] int5d$ to ass]t ! responsibility ( society = ! acts ( its memb]s8 ,9 ,*9a :]e to-day1 f> m ?an 9 ! ,we/1 !re exi/s ! responsibility ( neighbors1 ^? :o fail to ex]t ! prop] influ5ce ov] ! "* & conduct ( a crim9al neighbor (t5 h _! h\ses raz$ to ! gr\nd & ! sites s[n ) salt4 ,is society responsible = produc+ crim9als8 ,h[ f> am ,i p]sonally responsible = my neighbor's acts8 ,,ii4 ,,! ,,mak+ ,,( ,a ,,crim9al4 ,paul said1 ,all m5 h s9n$4 ,are all m5 !re=e crim9als8 ,:at con/itutes a crim9al8 ,0 ,ca9 a crim9al be=e he slew 8 bro!r8 ,legally8 ,morally8 ,0 ,ca9's motive 9 ! wor%ip ( ,god truly religi\s or m]ely m]c5>y8 ,?is portrait ( ,ca9 illu/rates ! fact t =mal religi\s wor%ip does n necess>ily det] a man f becom+ a crim9al4 ,sometimes m5 prom95t 9 religi\s "w become default]s or commit o!r crimes4 ,does ?is /ory sugge/ ! fundam5tal reason :y great crimes are sometimes committ$ by religi\s lead]s8 ,! motive r ?an ! =m is cle>ly ! "o ?+ absolutely ess5tial 9 religi\s wor%ip4 ,0 ! slay+ ( ,abel ! result simply ( jeal\sy or a sudd5 fit ( ang] or ( a gradual det]ioration ( "*8 ,comp>e ! gradual developm5t ( ! crim9al in/9cts 9 ,%akespe>e's ,macbe?4 ,?9k ( ! diff]5t influ5ces t5d+ to make crim9als6 ,mo/ crim9als are made be=e !y rea* ! age ( tw5ty-"o4 ,! developm5t ( ! crim9al is ! result ei!r ( wrong education or ! lack ( "r education4 ,p>5ts by _! failure to gu>d c>efully _! *ildr5's associates & to develop 9 !m habits ( self-control1 respect = ! rights ( o!rs1 & a s5se ( social & civic obligation1 are p]haps m ?an any o!r class responsible = ! gr[? ( crim9als4 ,9 :at ways does ! ,/ate ?r\gh its neglig5ce also contribute to ! mak+ ( crim9als8 ,,iii4 ,,! ,,crim9al',s ,,attitude ,,t[>ds ,,society4 ,e crim9al act is anti-social4 ,few if any crim9als realize ?is fact4 ,a sup]9t5d5t ( ! ,elmira ,re=matory aft] ye>s ( exp]i5ce said t he _h nev] se5 a crim9al :o felt remorse2 :ile crim9als usually regrett$ be+ caught1 !y always excus$ _! crime4 ,! crim9al repudiates 8 social obligations1 n ackn[l$g+ ! fact t ! basis ( all society is ! recognition ( ! rights ( o!rs4 ,! ?ief (t5 excuses 8 acts by ass]t+ t society owes him a liv+4 ,is ?is position "r or d y agree ) ! foll[+ /atem5t8 ,! crit]ion ( :at is = ! b5efit ( ! community at l>ge mu/ be settl$ by ! community itself1 n by an individual4 ,! citiz51 !n1 may & mu/ d :at ! community det]m9es x is be/ = him to d2 he mu/ /& 9 ! =efront ( battle if s ord]$4 ,he mu/ n d :at ! ,/ate =bids2 he may be depriv$ ( lib]ty & life if he does4-- ,j5ks4 ,,iv4 ,,! ,,ways ,,9 ,,:i* ,,society ,,deals ,,) ,,! ,,crim9al4 ,ca9's puni%m5t 0 bani%m5t r ?an imprisonm5t4 ,:at 0 ! fate t ,ca9 specially fe>$8 ,ca9 & ,abel 9 ! orig9al /ory1 "s writ]s believe1 repres5t$ tribes 7see ,hi/4 ,bible1 ,i1 #dd74 ,among nomadic peoples 9 ! e>ly ,ea/1 z to-day1 ! puni%m5t ( murd] 0 left to ! family or tribe ( ! murd]$ man4 ,0 ?is j or effective8 ,! same crude me?od ( av5g+ wrongs is f\nd 9 ! v5detta ( ,italy & ! family feuds 9 c]ta9 sp>sely settl$ regions 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! survival ( ?is in/itution is to-day "o ( ! greate/ ob/acles to civilization 9 ^? regions4 ,:y8 ,9 mo/ crim9al legislation ! *ief emphasis is plac$ on puni%m5t4 ,= example1 ?ieves are puni%$ ) imprisonm5t4 ,:y8 ,a radical *ange 9 public op9ion is n[ tak+ place4 ,! prevail+ me?od ( deal+ ) crimes advocat$ by p5ologi/s to-day is ! protection ( society if possible by ! re=m ( ! crim9al4 ,does ?is me?od protect society effectually8 ,:y is x t crim9als g5]ally pref] a def9ite t]m 9 prison r ?an an indef9ite s5t5ce ) ! possibility ( release 9 less ?an half ! "t8 ,:i* me?od ( treatm5t is be/ 9 ! end = ! wrong-do]8 ,x is important to di/+ui% cle>ly betwe5 ! private & ! (ficial attitude t[>d ! crim9al4 ,z individuals1 :o _c "k ! motives1 we %\ld he$ ! maxim ( ,jesus3 ,judge n6 ,z public (ficials ^: duty x is to protect society1 we are "u obligation to deal firmly & effectively ) ! crim9al4 ,:at w\ld probably h be5 ! result _h ,ca9 confess$ 8 crime8 ,god 0 f> m l5i5t ev5 ) ! unrep5tant ,ca9 ?an 7 8 fell[ m54 ,did ,god1 h[ev]1 remit ,ca9's s5t5ce8 ,ca9 said1 ,i %all become a fugitive & a w&]] on ! face ( ! e>?4 ,0 ?is s5se ( be+ an outca/ ! mo/ pa9ful elem5t 9 ,ca9's puni%m5t8 ,all crime ?us 9 a s5se br+s its own puni%m5t4 ,if 9 plac+ ^u ,ca9 a tribal m>k1 !reby protect+ him f be+ kill$1 ,god app>5tly aim$ to give him an opportunity to re=m1 ! cle> implication is t ! div9e love & c>e /ill foll[ him4 ,t love & t c>e nev] cease t[>d ev5 ! mo/ deprav$4 ,comp>e ,jesus' attitude t[>d ! crim9al1 z illu/rat$ 9 8 m9i/ry & especially 9 8 deal+ ) ! woman tak5 9 adult]y4 ,8 =giv5ess ( ! woman's s9 did n cancel ! social results1 b gave h] a new basis = "r liv+ 9 ! future4 ,%e realiz$ t "s "o believ$ 9 h]4 ,is ?is "o ( ! mo/ important influ5ces to-day 9 assi/+ weak m5 & 9 r$eem+ crim9als8 ,h5ry ,drummond :5 ask$ ! secret ( 8 success ) m5 said1 ,i love m54 ,v4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,deal ,,) ,,crim9als4 ,! purpose ( crim9al legislation & adm9i/ration is cle>ly ! protection ( society4 ,! crim9als are puni%$1 n = ! m]e sake ( ! puni%m5t or = v5geance1 b to det] !m f fur!r crime or to s]ve z a w>n+ to o!rs4 ,only on ?is acc\nt c puni%m5t be ju/ifi$4 ,to prove an effective w>n+ ! puni%m5t = crime %\ld be c]ta91 prompt & j4 ,= ^! reasons effective police1 upright judges & fair me?ods ( proc$ure are absolutely ess5tial4 ,ef=ts %\ld be made n to influ5ce ! c\rts by public op9ion1 & ! p]nici\s prejudgm5t ( cases by popul> newspap]s %\ld be disc\nt5anc$4 ,! sure/ me?od ( /opp+ a crim9al's dang]\s activity is to re=m him2 to give him a new & absorb+ int]e/4 ,exp]i5ce at our be/ re=matories %[s t ) ! indet]m9ate s5t5ce a v l>ge majority ( "y crim9als c be trans=m$ into safe & useful citiz5s4 ,?is me?od is bo? *eap] & m effective ?an direct puni%m5t = fix$ t]ms4 ,,vi4 ,,! ,,prev5tion ,,( ,,crime4 ,! be/ me?od ( deal+ ) crime is t ( prev5tion4 ,! "w ( protect+ society aga9/ crime %\ld beg9 ) ar\s+ p>5ts to ! s5se ( _! responsibilities & by tra9+ !m ?or\ghly 9 ! duties ( p>5?ood4 ,philan?ropic ag5cies1 ! *ur*1 ! s*ools1 ! ,/ate1 may d mu* bo? by tra9+ "* & by remov+ temptation4 ,! ma9t5ance ( good economic conditions1 provision = :olesome amusem5ts1 improv$ sanitation1 all t5d to remove p]nici\s influ5ces & /r5g!n ! p[] ( resi/ance to temptation4 ,! public press & ! !atre1 :i* are at times exce$+ly h>mful ag5cies1 may be & %\ld be trans=m$ into active moral =ces4 ,9 fur!r+ all ^! re=m measures & prev5tive movem5ts ea* individual has a p]sonal responsibility1 &1 z an active citiz51 he may r5d] mo/ important s]vice4 ,! home1 ! s*ool1 ! *ur* & ! ,/ate1 all t\* ! individual on e side & create & toge!r control ! influ5ces t make or unmake "*4 ,que/ions = ,fur!r ,consid]ation4 ,:at 0 ! effect ( ,ca9's ang] ^u 8 own life8 ,glad/one said1 ,i d n h "t to hate anybody4 ,9 :at way d ang] & hatr$ hamp] "o's greate/ usefulness8 ,d y believe 9 ! mod]n !ories reg>d+ ! effect ( jeal\sy & hatr$ ^u ! body8 ,is capital puni%m5t at times a necessity8 ,:at is ! mo/ effective argum5t :i* c be us$ to re/ore honor & manhood to a crim9al8 ,is !re any p>ticul> ag5cy at "w 9 y\r community to assi/ m5 :o h committ$ crimes8 ,is ! *ief object ( puni%m5t to av5ge ! wrong1 to puni% ! crim9al1 to det] o!rs f committ+ simil> crimes1 or to reclaim ! wrong-do]8 ,subjects = ,fur!r ,/udy4 7#a7 ,! ,effect ( ! ,semitic ,law ( ,blood-rev5ge ^u 7a7 ! crim9al1 7b7 society & 7c7 possible crim9als4 ,k5t1 ,israel's ,laws & ,legal ,prec$5ts1 #ia1 #aad-aaf2 ,smi?1 ,religion ( ! ,semites1 #gb1 #dbj4 7#b7 ,mrs4 ,ball+ton ,boo?'s ,"w = ,releas$ ,prison]s4 ,aft] ,prison--,:at8 7#c7 ,! ,practical ,effects ( ! ,indet]m9ate ,s5t5ce4 ,reports ( ! ,prison ,re=m ,association4 7#d7 ,influ5ce ( ,contract ,prison ,labor4 ,am]ican ,magaz9e1 #aiab1 ,jan41 ,feb41 ,m>41 ,april4 ,,/udy ,,iv ,,! ,,survival ,,( ,,! ,,fitte/4 ,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,! ,,great ,,flood4--,g54 #f-h4 ,p>allel ,read+s4 ,hi/4 ,bible ,i1 #eb-fe4 ,d>w91 ,orig9 ( ,species2 ,wallace1 ,d>w9ism2 #c4 ,william ,dawson1 ,mod]n ,ideas ( ,evolution2 ,article ,evolution 9 lead+ encyclop$ias4 ,:5 ,jehovah saw t ! wick$ness ( man 0 great 9 ! e>?1 & t e purpose 9 ! ?\ghts ( 8 he>t 0 only evil cont9ually1 x 0 a s\rce ( regret t he _h made man on ! e>? & x griev$ him to 8 he>t4 ,!re=e ,jehovah said1 ,i w de/roy f ! face ( ! gr\nd man :om ,i h creat$1 = ,i regret t ,i h made mank9d4 ,!n ,jehovah said to ,noah1 ent] ?\ & all ?y h\se into ! ark2 = !e ,i h f\nd righte\s be=e me 9 ?is g5]ation4 ,& ,noah did accord+ to all t ,jehovah comm&$ him4 ,!n ,jehovah de/roy$ ev]y?+ t exi/$ ^u ! face ( ! gr\nd1 bo? man & animals1 & creep+ ?+s1 & birds ( ! heav5s1 s t !y 7 de/roy$ f ! e>?2 & ,noah only 0 left & !y :o 7 ) him 9 ! ark4--,g54 #f3e-h2 #g3a1 #e1 #bc 7,hi/4 ,bible74 ,& )\t fai? x is impossible to be well-pleas+ ) ,god2 = he t come? to ,god mu/ believe t he is1 & t he is a rew>d] ( !m t seek aft] him4 ,by fai? ,noah1 be+ w>n$ ( ,god conc]n+ ?+s n se5 z yet1 mov$ ) godly fe>1 prep>$ an ark to ! sav+ ( 8 h\se1 ?r\gh :i* he condemn$ ! _w & became heir ( ! righte\sness :i* is accord+ to fai?4--,heb4 #aa3f1 #g4 ,r>e is ! man :o c look back ov] 8 life & n confess1 at lea/ to himself1 t ! ?+s :i* h made him mo/ a man are ! v ?+s f :i* he tri$ ) all 8 s\l to escape4 ,if we w\ld atta9 happ9ess1 ,we mu/ fir/ atta9 helpfulness4 ,b /ay6 no age 0 e'er deg5]ate ,unless m5 held x at too *eap a rate1 ,= 9 our lik5ess /ill we %ape our fate4 --,l[ell4 ,i4 ,,! ,,two ,,biblical ,,acc\nts ,,( ,,! ,,flood4 ,c>eful read]s ( ,g5esis #f-i h long recogniz$ c]ta9 difficulties 9 int]pret+ ! n>rative z x n[ /&s4 ,?us1 = example1 9 #f3bj ,noah is comm&$ to take into ! ark two ( e k9d ( bea/ & bird2 b 9 #g3b1 #c he is comm&$ to take 9 sev5 ( all ! clean bea/s & birds4 ,accord+ to #g3d1 #ab ! flood came z ! result ( a =ty days' ra92 b accord+ to #g3aa x 0 because ! f\nta9s ( ! great deep 7 brok5 up & ! w9d[s ( heav5 7 op5$4 ,aga91 accord+ to #g3ag1 ! flood cont9u$ on ! e>? =ty days2 :ile accord+ to #g3bd its duration 0 a hundr$ & fifty days4 ,^! fundam5tal v>iations & ! pres5ce ( duplicate v]sions ( ! same incid5ts po9t1 "s writ]s ?9k1 to two orig9ally di/9ct acc\nts ( ! flood :i* h be5 closely wov5 toge!r by ! f9al editor ( ! book ( ,g5esis4 ,:5 ^! two acc\nts are dis5tangl$1 !y are ea* practically complete & app>5tly repres5t v>iant v]sions ( ! same flood /ory4 7,see ,hi/4 ,bible1 ,i1 #ec-ef1 = ^! two p>allel acc\nts47 ,! "o1 kn[n z ! prophetic v]sion1 0 writt51 ^! writ]s believe1 ab\t #fej ,b4,c4 ,x has ! fl[+1 vivid1 picturesque1 lit]>y /yle & ! po9t ( view ( ! prophetic tea*]4 ,9 ?is acc\nt ! numb] sev5 prevails4 ,sev5 ( ea* clean bea/ & bird are tak5 into ! ark to provide food = ,noah & 8 family4 ,sev5 days ! wat]s rose1 & at int]vals ( sev5 days he s5t out a rav5 & a dove4 ,! flood f its beg9n+ to ! "t :5 ,noah disemb>k$ cont9u$ sixty-eight days4 ,at ! end1 :5 he _h det]m9$ by s5d+ out birds t ! wat]s _h subsid$1 he w5t =? f ! ark & re>$ an alt> & (f]$ sacrifice to ,jehovah ( e clean bea/ & bird4 ,! o!r & m detail$ acc\nt is app>5tly ! sequel ( ! late prie/ly n>ratives f\nd 9 ,g5esis #a & #e4 ,! /yle is t ( a legal writ]--=mal1 exact & repetiti\s4 ,9 ?is acc\nt only two ( ea* k9d ( bea/ & bird are tak5 into ! ark4 ,! flood la/s = ov] a ye> & is univ]sal1 cov]+ ev5 ! tops ( ! highe/ m\nta9s4 ,no animals are sacrific$1 = accord+ to ! prie/ly writ] ?is cu/om 0 fir/ in/itut$ by ,moses4 ,:5 ! flood subsides1 h[ev]1 a cov5ant is conclud$ & is seal$ by ! ra9b[ 9 accordance ) :i* man's commission to rule ov] all o!r liv+ ?+s is r5ew$ & div9e p]mission is giv5 to ea* to eat ( ! fle% ( animals1 provid$ only t m5 c>efully ab/a9 f eat+ ! blood4 ,?is lat] acc\nt is dat$ by ?is gr\p ( mod]n ,biblical s*ol>s ab\t #djj ,b4,c4 ,,ii4 ,,! ,,correspond+ ,,babylonian ,,flood ,,/ories4 ,closely p>allel to ^! two v>iant ,biblical acc\nts ( ! flood are ! two ,babylonian v]sions1 :i* h =tunately be5 almo/ :olly recov]$4 ,! old] ,babylonian acc\nt is f\nd 9 ! elev5? tablet ( ! ,gilgame% epic1 :i* comes f ! libr>y ( ,as%urbanipal4 ,?is great conqu]or liv$ contemporane\sly ) ,manasseh dur+ ^: reign ,assyrian influ5ce 0 p>am\nt 9 ! k+dom ( ,judah4 ,9 8 que/ = heal+ & immortality ,gilgame% rea*$ ! abode ( ! ,babylonian h]o ( ! flood4 ,9 response to ,gilgame%'s "q z to h[ he1 a mortal1 atta9$ immortality ! ,babylonian ,noah rec\nts ! /ory ( ! flood4 ,x 0 br\ght ab\t by ! ,babylonian gods 9 ord] to de/roy ! city ( ,%urippak1 situat$ on ! banks ( ! ,euphrates4 ,! god ,ea gave ! w>n+ to 8 wor%ipp]1 ! h]o ( ! flood1 & comm&$ him3 ,con/ruct a h\se1 build a %ip1 ,leave goods1 look aft] life1 ,=sake possessions1 & save life1 ,cause all k9ds ( liv+ ?+s to g up into ! %ip4 ,! %ip :i* ?\ %alt build1-- ,exact %all be its dim5sions3 ,its bread? %all equal its l5g?2 ,on ! great deep laun* x4 ,i und]/ood & said to ,ea1 my "l3 ,behold1 my "l1 :at ?\ ha/ comm&$1 ,i h rev]5tly receiv$ & w c>ry out4 ,a detail$ acc\nt !n foll[s ( ! build+ ( ! ark4 ,its dim5sions 7 "o hundr$ & tw5ty cubits 9 ea* direction4 ,x 0 built 9 six /ories1 ea* ( :i* 0 divid$ into n9e p>ts4 ,pl5tiful provisions 7 next c>ri$ on bo>d & a great fea/ 0 held to commemorate ! completion ( ! ark4 ,aft] c>ry+ on bo>d 8 treasures ( silv] & gold he adds3 ,all ! liv+ creatures ( all k9ds ,i load$ on x4 ,i br\ght on bo>d my family & h\sehold2 ,cattle ( ! field1 bea/s ( ! field1 ! craftsm51 ,all ( !m ,i br\ght on bo>d4 ,9 ! ev5+ at ! comm& ( ! god ,%ama% ! ra9s began to desc5d4 ,!n ! ,babylonian ,noah ent]$ ! %ip & clos$ ! door & entru/$ ! great h\se ) its cont5ts to ! capta94 ,! description ( ! tempe/ t foll[s is exce$+ly vivid & picturesque4 ,:5 ! fir/ light ( dawn %one =?1 ,!re rose f ! horizon a d>k cl\d1 )9 :i* ,adad ?und]$1 ,nabu & ,m>duk m>*$ at ! front1 ,! h]alds pass$ ov] m\nta9s & l&2 ,n]gal tore out ! %ip's ma/1 ,n9ib advanc$1 foll[+ up ! attack1 ,! spirits ( e>? rais$ tor*es1 ,) _! %e5 !y light$ up ! _w4 ,adad's tempe/ rea*$ to heav51 ,& all light 0 *ang$ to d>kness4 ,s great 0 ! havoc wr\ght by ! /orm t ,! gods b[$ d[n1 sat !re weep+1 ,close press$ toge!r 7 _! lips4 ,= six days & nights ! /orm rag$1 b on ! sev5? day x subsid$ & ! flood began to abate4 ,( ! race ( mortals1 h[ev]1 e voice 0 hu%$4 ,at la/ ! %ip approa*$ ! m\nta9 ,nisir :i* lay on ! nor!rn horizon1 z view$ f ! ,tigris-,euphrates valley4 ,"h ! %ip gr\nd$4 ,!n1 ,:5 ! sev5? day arriv$1 ,i s5t =? a dove & let x loose1 ,! dove w5t =?1 b came back2 ,because x f\nd no re/+-place1 x return$3 ,!n ,i s5t =? a swall[1 b x came back2 ,because x f\nd no re/+-place1 x return$4 ,!n ,i s5t =? a rav5 & let x loose1 ,! rav5 w5t =? & saw t ! wat]s _h decreas$2 ,x f$1 x wad$1 x croak$1 b did n return4 ,!n ,i s5t =? ev]y?+ 9 all directions1 & (f]$ a sacrifice1 ,i made an (f]+ ( inc5se on ! highe/ peak ( ! m\nta91 ,sev5 & sev5 b[ls ,i plac$ !re1 ,& ov] !m ,i p\r$ out calamus1 c$> wood & fragrant h]bs4 ,! gods inhal$ ! odor1 ,! gods inhal$ ! sweet odor1 ,! gods ga!r$ l flies above ! sacrifice4 ,at ! int]cession ( ,ea1 ! ,babylonian ,noah & 8 wife 7 grant$ immortality & p]mitt$ to dwell 9 ! di/ance at ! conflu5ce ( ! /reams4 ,a lat] v]sion ( ! same ,babylonian flood /ory is quot$ by ,eusebius f ! writ+s ( ! ,*aldean prie/ ,b]ossus :o liv$ ab\t ! f\r? c5tury ,b4,c4 ,accord+ to ?is v]sion ! god ,kronos appe>$ 9 a dream to ,xisu?ros1 ! h]o1 :o1 l ,noah 9 ! prie/ly acc\nt1 0 ! la/ ( ! t5 anci5t ,babylonian k+s4 ,at ! comm& ( ! god he built a great %ip fifte5 /adia long & two 9 wid?4 ,into ?is he took n only 8 family & provisions1 b quadrup$s & birds ( all k9ds4 ,:5 ! flood began to rec$e1 he s5t out a bird1 :i* quickly return$4 ,aft] a few days he s5t =? ano!r bird1 :i* return$ ) mud on its feet4 ,:5 ! ?ird bird fail$ to return1 he took (f ! cov] ( ! %ip & f\nd t x _h /r&$ on a m\nta9 ( ,arm5ia4 ,! m\nta9 9 ! ,biblical acc\nt is id5tifi$ ) ,m\nt ,ar>at4 ,disemb>k+1 ! ,babylonian ,noah kiss$ ! e>? &1 aft] build+ an alt>1 (f]$ a sacrifice to ! gods4 ,?us ! v>iations betwe5 ! old] & lat] ,babylonian acc\nts ( ! flood correspond 9 g5]al to ^? t h be5 already not$ 9 ! ,biblical v]sions4 ,:i* ,biblical acc\nt does ! e>lie/ ,babylonian n>rative resemble mo/ closely8 ,9 :at details d !y agree8 ,are ^! co9cid5ces m]ely accid5tal or d !y po9t possibly to a common tradition8 ,h[ f> d ! lat] ,biblical & ,babylonian acc\nts agree8 ,:at is ! significance ( ^! po9ts ( agreem5t8 ,,iii4 ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,biblical ,,flood ,,/ories4 ,on ! basis ( ! prec$+ comp>isons "s writ]s attempt to trace t5tatively ! hi/ory ( ! flood tradition curr5t among ! peoples ( s\?we/]n ,asia4 ,a fragm5t ( ! ,babylonian flood /ory1 com+ f at lea/ z e>ly z #bjjj ,b4,c41 has rec5tly be5 discov]$4 ,! probability is t ! tradition goes back to ! e>lie/ beg9n+s ( ,babylonian hi/ory4 ,! sett+ ( ! ,biblical acc\nts ( ! flood is also ! ,tigris-,euphrates valley r ?an ,pale/9e4 ,! description ( ! con/ruction ( ! ark 9 ,g5esis #f3ad-af is n only closely p>allel to t f\nd 9 ! ,babylonian acc\nt1 b ! me?od--! sme>+ ( ! ark )9 & )\t ) bitum5--is peculi> to ! ,tigris-,euphrates valley4 ,_m s*ol>s believe1 !re=e1 t ,babylonia 0 ! orig9al home ( ! ,biblical flood /ory4 ,its exact orig91 h[ev]1 is n s c]ta94 ,_m ( its details 7 d\btless sugge/$ by ! annual floods & fogs :i* inundate t fam\s valley & recall ! primeval *aos s vividly pictur$ 9 ! correspond+ ,babylonian /ory ( ! creation4 ,x may h be5 bas$ on ! remembrances ( a great local inundation1 possibly due to ! subsid5ce ( great areas ( l&4 ,9 ! e>lie/ ,hebrew records !re is no trace ( ?is tradition1 al?\gh x may h be5 kn[n to ! ,aramean ance/ors ( ! ,hebrews4 ,! lit]>y evid5ce1 h[ev]1 sugge/s t x 0 fir/ br\ght to ,pale/9e by ! ,assyrians4 ,dur+ ! reaction>y reign ( ,manasseh1 ,assyrian cu/oms & ,baylonian ideas1 :i* ^! conqu]ors _h inh]it$1 inundat$ ,judah4 ,ev5 9 ! temple at ,j]usalem ! ,babylonians' gods1 ! ho/ ( heav51 7 wor%ipp$ by c]ta9 ( ! ,hebrews4 ,! few lit]>y inscriptions :i* come f ?is p]iod1 ^? f\nd 9 ! m\nd at ,gez]1 are writt5 9 ! ,assyrian script & conta9 ! names ( ,assyrian (ficials4 ,lat] :5 ! ,jewi% exiles 7 c>ri$ to ,babylonia1 !y naturally came into contact aga9 ) ! ,babylonian acc\nt ( ! flood1 b 9 its lat] =m1 z ! comp>isons already in/itut$ cle>ly indicate4 ,x is ?us possible1 ^! s*ol>s believe1 to trace1 9 outl9e at lea/1 ! lit]>y hi/ory ( ! ,semitic flood /ory 9 its v>i\s trans=mations ?r\gh a p]iod ( ne>ly two ?\s& ye>s4 ,,iv4 ,,aim ,,( ,,! ,,biblical ,,writ]s ,,9 ,,rec\nt+ ,,! ,,flood ,,/ory4 ,! practical "q :i* at once sugge/s itself is1 ,:at place or "r has ?is anci5t ,semitic tradition1 if su* x is1 among ! ,biblical n>ratives8 ,at be/ ! hi/orical data :i* x pres]ves are exce$+ly small & ( d\btful value4 ,is x possible t ! prophetic & prie/ly hi/orians f\nd ^! /ories on ! lips ( ! p & s\ght 9 ?is h]oic way to dive/ !m ( _! poly!i/ic =m &1 9 c]ta9 respects1 immoral implications8 ,a m9ute comp>ison ( ! ,babylonian & ,biblical acc\nts indicates t ?is may p]haps be precisely :at has be5 done2 b ! maje/ic1 j ,god ( ! ,biblical n>ratives is f> remov$ f ! caprici\s1 intrigu+ gods ( ! ,babylonian tradition1 :o hang l flies ov] ! battlem5ts ( heav51 /upefi$ ) t]ror because ( ! de/ruction :i* !y _h wr\ght4 ,ea* ( ! ,biblical n>rators seems to be seek+ also by means ( ^! illu/rations to tea* c]ta9 univ]sal moral & religi\s tru?s4 ,9 ?is respect ! two v>iant ,biblical n>ratives are 9 p]fect agreem5t4 ,! de/ruction ( mank9d came n z ! fiat ( an arbitr>y ,deity1 b because ( ! purpose :i* ,god _h be=e him 9 ! "w ( creation1 & because t purpose 0 good4 ,m5 by _! s9s & wilful failure to obs]ve 8 b5ign laws 7 ?w>t+ t purpose4 ,h5ce 9 accord ) ! j laws ( ! univ]se _! de/ruction 0 unavoidable1 & x came ev5 z effect foll[s cause4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ^! anci5t tea*]s taught ) inimitable skill t ,god w\ld n de/roy t :i* 0 wor?y ( pres]vation4 ,9 ea* ( ! acc\nts ! "* ( ,noah /&s 9 /rik+ contra/ ) ^? ( 8 contempor>ies4 ,! /ory z told is n m]ely an illu/ration ( ! tru? t righte\sness br+s its j rew>d1 b ( ! pr(\nd] pr9ciple t x is ! morally fit :o survive4 ,9 bo? ( ! v]sions ,noah 9 a v true s5se repres5ts ! beg9n+ ( a new creation3 he is ! traditional fa!r ( a bett] race4 ,to him are giv5 ! promises :i* ,god 0 eag] to realize 9 ! life ( humanity4 ,9 ! poetic fancy ( ! anci5t ,ea/ ev5 ! respl5d5t ra9b[1 :i* proclaim$ ! return ( ! sun aft] ! /orm1 0 truly int]pret$ z evid5ce ( ,god's fa!rly love & c>e = 8 *ildr54 ,9 ! light ( ^! pr(\nd religi\s tea*+s may any "o reasonably "q ! "r ( ^! /ories to a place 9 ! ,bible8 ,did n ,jesus himself frequ5tly use illu/rations drawn f e>li] hi/ory or f nature to make cle> 8 tea*+s8 ,is x n evid5ce ( sup]lative tea*+ skill to use t :i* is famili> &1 !re=e1 ( int]e/ to ^? taught1 9 ord] to inculcate ! deep] moral & religi\s tru?s ( life8 ,v4 ,,survival ,,( ,,! ,,fitte/ ,,9 ,,! ,,natural ,,_w4 ,x is int]e/+ & illum9at+ to note h[ ! anci5t ,hebrew prophets 9 _! religi\s tea*+ =eca/ ! discov]ies & sci5tific me?ods ( our day4 ,?is 0 because !y _h grasp$ univ]sal pr9ciples4 ,s9ce ! memorable ev5+ 9 ,july1 #aheh1 9 :i* ! views ( ,d>w9 & ,wallace on ! pr9ciples ( v>iation & selection 9 ! natural _w 7 s5t to ! ,l9naean ,society 9 ,london1 ! lead+ sci5ti/s h laid great /ress ^u ! doctr9e ( ! survival ( ! fitte/ z ! true explanation ( progress 9 ! natural _w4 ,x 0 app>5tly made cle> by ,d>w91 & support$ by suffici5t evid5ce1 t any be+1 if x v>y h[ev] slightly1 9 any mann] pr(itable to itself1 "u ! complex & some:at v>y+ conditions ( life1 w h a bett] *ance ( surviv+1 & ?us be naturally select$4 ,?is pr9ciple1 s9ce t day1 has be5 ?or\ghly work$ out 9 practically all ! important fields ( bo? ! plant & animal _w4 ,moreov]1 ! doctr9e ( evolution1 dep5d5t ^u ?is pr9ciple1 has ex]t$ s great an influ5ce ^u ! process ( inve/igation & ?9k+ 9 all fields ( activity t ! result+ *ange 9 me?od has am\nt$ to a revolution4 ,! pr9ciple is appli$ n only 9 ! field ( biology1 b also 9 ! realm ( a/ronomy1 :]e we /udy ! evolution ( worlds1 & 9 psy*ology1 hi/ory1 social sci5ce1 :]e we speak ( ! developm5t ( human traits & ( ! gr[? ( economic1 political & social in/itutions4 ,x is necess>y to rememb] 9 apply+ su* a brief /atem5t ( a pr9ciple1 t ! words are us$ 9 a highly te*nical s5se4 ,! ^w fitte/ by no means ne$ imply ! be/ f ! po9t ( view ( beauty or /r5g? or usefulness 9 nature2 nor does x necess>ily mean1 9 ref]5ce to society1 be/ f ! po9t ( view ( morals or a high] civilization4 ,r ! fitte/ means ! be+ be/ adapt$ to ! conditions "u :i* x is liv+1 or to its environm5t4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 x is ! g5]al op9ion t 9 practically all fields ?is pr9ciple works t[>d progress 9 ! highe/ & be/ s5se2 b x is always a matt] = specific /udy z well z ( great sci5tific int]e/ & importance1 to det]m9e :]e & h[ ! v>iation & ! correspond+ selection t5d to promote ! morally good4 ,especially is ?is true 9 ! /udy ( society1 :]e we %\ld endeavor to see :e!r or n ! fitte/ means also ! highe/ f ! moral & religi\s po9t ( view4 ,! /ory ( ! flood gives u a mo/ int]e/+ example ( ! way 9 :i* ! anci5t ,hebrews look$ ^u su* a process ( selection 9 ! moral & religi\s _w & taught x z a div9e pr9ciple4 ,x is1 !re=e1 "o ( ! mo/ sugge/ive & int]e/+ ( ! writ+s ( ! e>ly ,israelites4 ,,vi4 ,,! ,,survival ,,( ,,! ,,fitte/ ,,9 ,,social ,,& ,,political ,,life4 ,f our mod]n po9t ( view1 ! anci5t ,hebrew writ]s _h a f> deep] k ( moral & religi\s que/ions ?an ( natural sci5ce4 ,!y _h a f> ke5] s5se ( :at 0 socially b5eficial ?an ( :at 0 sci5tifically true4 ,h[ev] we may e/imate _! k ( geology & biology1 we mu/ grant t _! beliefs reg>d+ ! good & ill effects ( human action h 9 !m mu* t is univ]sally true1 ev5 ?\gh we may n foll[ !m ?r\gh\t 9 _! !ories ( div9e wra? & imm$iate e>?ly puni%m5t ( ! wick$4 ,b is x n true almo/ inv>iably1 if we look at social que/ions ( e k9d 9 a compreh5sive way1 t ! survival ( ! fitte/ means ! survival ( ! morally be/8 ,t ! religion :i* endures is ( ! highe/ type8 ,bus9ess success 9 ! long run1 is s /rongly bas$ ^u mutual confid5ce & tru/1 t1 especially 9 ^! lat] days ( cr$it organization1 ! di%one/ man or ev5 ! tricky man _c prosp] long4 ,a sales manag] ( a prom95t in/itution said lately t ! *ief difficulty t he _h ) 8 m5 0 to make !m always tell ! tru?4 ,= ! sake ( mak+ an important sale !y 7 (t5 incl9$ to misrepres5t 8 goods4 ,b no?+1 he add$1 w s surely kill all bus9ess z misrepres5tation4 ,ev5 a gambl+ book-mak] on ! race tracks 9 ,new ,york1 be=e su* "w 0 =bidd5 by law1 is said to h pr\dly claim$ t absolute ju/ice & hone/y t[>d 8 cu/om]s 0 ess5tial to 8 success & _h !re=e become ! rule ( 8 life4 ,al?\gh x is sometimes said t ! man :o guides 8 life by ! maxim1 ,hone/y is ! be/ policy1 is 9 reality n hone/ at he>t1 x mu/ nev]!less be grant$ t 9 bus9ess ! survival ( ! fitte/ means ! survival ( ! mo/ hone/ bus9ess man4 ,x may p]haps h be5 true 9 ! days ( ,ma*iavelli t cruelty & trea*]y w\ld aid ! unscrupul\s petty despot ( ,italy to secure & at times to ma9ta9 8 duk$om2 b c]ta9ly 9 mod]n days1 :5 9 all civiliz$ c\ntries p]man5tly prosp]\s gov]nm5t is bas$ ultimately ^u ! w ( ! p1 ! successful rul] c no long] be trea*]\s & cruel4 ,ev5 among our s-call$ spoils politicians & corrupt bosses1 :o hold _! positions by play+ ^u ! selfi%ness ( _! foll[]s & ! ignorance & apa?y ( ! public1 !re mu/ be rigid fai?fulness to promises1 &1 at any rate1 ! appe>ance ( promot+ ! public welf>e4 ,o!rwise _! t]m ( p[] is %ort4 ,if we look back ?r\gh ! hi/ory ( mod]n times1 we %all f9d t ! /atesm5 :o rank high among ! successful rul]s ( _! c\ntries are m5 ( unselfi% patriotism1 & almo/ inv>iably m5 ( p]sonal uprightness & morality1 & usually ( deep religi\s feel+4 ,?9k ov] ! names ( ! great m5 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & note _! *>act]s4 ,pick out ! lead+ /atesm5 ( ! la/ half c5tury 9 ,engl&1 ,g]many & ,italy4 ,d !y n all /& = unselfi%1 patriotic purpose 9 _! actions1 & 9 "* = individual honor & integrity8 ,! same is true 9 our social int]c\rse4 ,brilliancy ( intellect1 h[ev] important 9 _m fields ( activity1 c\nts = relatively little 9 home & social life1 if n accompani$ by graci\sness ( mann]1 k9dness ( he>t1 uprightness ( "*4 ,x may sometimes seem t ! brilliant rascal succe$s1 t ! unscrupul\s bus9ess man becomes ri*1 & t ! hypocrite prosp]s ?r\gh 8 hypocrisy4 ,if all society 7 made up ( m5 ( ^! l[ moral types1 w\ld su* cases p]haps be m (t5 f\nd ?an n[8 ,9 a society ( hypocrites1 w\ld ! fitte/ = survival be ! mo/ skilful deceiv]8 ,or1 ev5 !re1 w\ld ! adage1 ,!re mu/ be honor among ?ieves1 hold1 :5 x came to p]man5t organization8 ,b1 :atev] y\r answ]1 society =tunately is n made up ( hypocrites or rascals ( any k9d4 ,) all ! weakness ( human nature f\nd 9 e society1 ! gr[+ success ( ! rule ( ! p ?r\gh\t ! _w proves t fundam5tally m5 & wom5 are hone/ & true4 ,g5]ally common human nature is = ! "r4 ,almo/ univ]sally1 if a moot$ "q t\*+ morals c be put simply & squ>ely be=e ! p1 !y w see & *oose ! "r4 ,=tunate x is = ! _w t ! lessons taught by ! e>ly ,hebrew writ]s reg>d+ ! survival ( ! moral & upright are true1 & t good s5se & religion bo? agree t 9 ! long run1 honor & virtue & righte\sness n only pay ! individual1 b are ess5tial to ! prosp]ity ( a nation4 ,que/ions = ,fur!r ,consid]ation4 ,_h mo/ primitive peoples a tradition reg>d+ ! flood8 ,h[ d y expla9 ! /rik+ po9ts ( simil>ity betwe5 ! flood /ories ( peoples f> remov$ f ea* o!r8 ,is !re geological evid5ce t ! e>?1 dur+ human hi/ory1 has be5 completely inundat$8 ,:at d y mean by a calamity8 ,is x a m]e accid5t1 or an ess5tial factor 9 ! realization ( ! div9e purpose 9 human hi/ory8 ,are appall+ calamities1 l floods & e>?quakes1 ! result ( ! work+ out ( natural laws8 ,are !y unmitigat$ evils8 ,7 ! floods 9 ,*9a & ! plagues 9 ,india1 :i* de/roy$ millions ( lives1 seem+ly ess5tial to ! welf>e ( ! surviv+ inhabitants ( ^? ov]populat$ l&s8 ,:at 7 ! effects ( ! ,*icago fire & ! ,san ,francisco e>?quake ^u ^! cities8 ,h[ f> 0 ! developm5t ( ! mod]n commission =m ( city gov]nm5t "o ( ! direct results ( ! ,galve/on flood8 ,to :at ext5t is ! mod]n progress 9 sanitation due to natural calamities8 ,:at calamities8 ,is a great calamity (t5 necess>y to ar\se ! inhabitants ( a city or nation to ! developm5t ( _! res\rces & to ! realisation ( _! highe/ possibilities8 ,:at illu/rations c y cite8 ,h[ d *anges 9 ! environm5t ( m5 affect ! moral quality ( _! acts8 ,h[ d circum/ances affect ! k9d ( act t w be successful8 ,dur+ ! ,*9ese revolution ( #aiab 9 ,pek+ & ,nank+1 loot+ lead]s ( mobs & plund]+ soldi]s :5 captur$ 7 promptly decapitat$ )\t trial4 ,0 su* an act "r8 ,0 x necess>y8 ,:at conditions w\ld ju/ify su* an act 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates8 ,w\ld ! same act t5d equally to pres]ve ! gov]nm5t 9 bo? c\ntries8 ,subjects = ,fur!r ,/udy4 7#a7 ,flood ,/ories among ,primitive ,peoples4 ,worce/]1 ,g5esis #cfa-cgc2 ,ha/+s1 ,dict4 ( ,bible ,vol4 ,,ii1 #ah-bb2 ,extra ,vol4 #aha-ahb2 ,encyc4 ,brit4 7#b7 ,! ,sci5tific ,basis ( ! ,biblical ,acc\nt ( ! ,flood4 ,ryle1 ,e>ly ,n>ratives ( ,g54 #aab-aac2 ,davis1 ,g54 & ,semitic ,traditions #acj-aca2 ,driv]1 ,g5esis #hb-hc1 #ii2 ,sollas1 ,age ( ! ,e>?1 #caf ff4 7#c7 ,comp>e ! treatm5t accord$ _! rivals & competitors = p[] 9 _! v>i\s fields by ! foll[+ p]sons3 ,solomon1 ,caes> ,borgia1 ! late ,empress ,d[ag] ( ,*9a 7,tz'u-hsi71 ,bism>ck1 ! great political lead]s ( today 9 ,great ,brita9 & ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ! mod]n comb9ations ( capital kn[n z tru/s4 ,i ,k+s #a2 ,ma*iavelli1 ,! ,pr9ce2 ,d\glas1 ,europe & ! ,f> ,ea/1 ,*4 #ag4 ,did ^! diff]5t me?ods "u ! special circum/ances result 9 ! survival ( ! fitte/8 ,! fitte/ morally8 ,,/udy ,v ,,! ,,pione]',s ,,influ5ce ,,^u ,a ,,nation',s ,,ideals4 ,,abraham1 ,,! ,,traditional ,,fa!r ,,( ,,8 ,,race4--,g54 #ab3a-h2 #ac3a-ac2 #af2 #ah1 #ai2 #ba3g2 #bb3a-ai4 ,p>allel ,read+s4 ,hi/4 ,bible ,i1 #gc-id4 ,pr9 ( ,pol41 #afj-age4 ,jehovah said to ,abraham1 ,g =? f ?y c\ntry1 & f ?y k9dr$1 & f ?y fa!r's h\se1 to ! l& t ,i w %[ !e1 t ,i may make ( !e a great nation2 & ,i w surely bless !e1 & make ?y "n great1 s t ?\ %alt be a bless+1 ,i w also bless !m t bless !e1 & him t curse? !e w ,i curse1 s t all ! families ( ! e>? %all ask = !mselves a bless+ l ?9e own4 ,s ,abraham w5t =?1 z ,jehovah _h comm&$ him4--,g54 #ab3a-d4 7,hi/4 ,bible47 ,by fai? ,abraham :5 he 0 call$1 obey$ to g out into a place :i* he 0 to receive = an inh]itance2 & he w5t out n kn[+ :i!r he w5t4 ,by fai? he became a soj\rn] 9 ! l& ( promise z 9 a l& n 8 own1 dwell+ 9 t5ts1 ) ,isaac & ,jacob1 ! heirs ) him ( ! same promise2 = he look$ = ! city :i* ha? f\ndations1 ^: build] & mak] is ,god4--,heb4 #aa3h-aj4 ,he t f9de? 8 life %all lose x2 & he t lose? 8 life = my sake %all f9d x--,matt4 #aj3ci4 ,i4 ,,! ,,prophetic ,,/ories ,,ab\t ,,abraham4 ,_m ,biblical s*ol>s claim t ! data po9t to v>iant v]sions ( ! diff]5t /ories ab\t ,abraham4 ,?us1 = example1 !re are two acc\nts ( 8 deceptions reg>d+ ,s>ah1 "o 9 #ab3i-ac3a1 & ! o!r 9 #bj3a-ag4 ,! olde/ v]sion ( ! /ory !y believe is f\nd 9 #bf3a-ad & is told n ( ,abraham b ( ,isaac1 ^: "* x fits f> m consi/5tly4 ,simil>ly !re are ?ree acc\nts ( ! cov5ant ) ,abimele* 7,g54 #ba3bb-ca1 #ba3be-cd1 & #bf3ae-cc74 ,! two acc\nts ( ! expulsion ( ,hag> & ! bir? ( ,i%mael1 9 ,g5esis #af3a-af & #ba3a-bj diff] r widely 9 details4 ,9 "o acc\nt ,hag> is expell$ & ,i%mael is born aft] ! bir? ( ,isaac1 & 9 ! o!r be=e t ev5t4 ,d ^! v>iant v]sions indicate t !y 7 drawn f diff]5t gr\ps ( n>ratives8 ,! diff]5ces 9 detail are 9 g5]al closely p>allel to ^? :i* ! ,new ,te/am5t /ud5t f9ds 9 ! diff]5t acc\nts ( ! same ev5ts or tea*+s 9 ! life ( ,jesus4 ,!y sugge/ to _m t ! au?or ( ! book ( ,g5esis 0 eag] to pres]ve ea* & e /ory reg>d+ ,abraham4 ,in/ead1 h[ev]1 ( pres]v+ intact ! diff]5t gr\ps ( /ories1 z 9 ! case ( ! ,gospels1 !y h be5 comb9$ ) great skill4 ,sometimes1 z 9 ! case ( ! expulsion ( ,hag>1 ! two v]sions are introduc$ at diff]5t po9ts 9 ! life ( ! patri>*4 ,m commonly ! two or m v]sions are closely int]wov51 giv+ a composite n>rative t closely resembles ,tatian's ,diatess>on :i* 0 "o cont9u\s n>rative ( ! life & tea*+s ( ,jesus1 bas$ on quotations f ea* ( ! f\r ,gospels4 ,=tunately1 if ?is !ory is "r1 ! gr\p ( /ories mo/ fully quot$ & !re=e be/ pres]v$ is ! e>ly ,judean prophetic n>ratives4 ,:5 ^! are sep>at$ f ! lat] p>allels !y give a m>vel\sly complete & consi/5t portrait ( ,abraham4 ,,ii4 ,,! ,,mean+ ,,( ,,! ,,e>ly ,,prophetic ,,/ories ,,ab\t ,,abraham4 ,read ! prophetic /ories reg>d+ ,abraham 7,hi/4 ,bible ,i1 #gc1 #gd1 #gi-ha1 #hd-hg1 #ij-ib74 ,are ^! /ories to be reg>d$ simply z *apt]s f ! biography ( ! e>ly ance/or ( ! ,hebrews or1 l ! /ory ( ! ,g>d5 ( ,ed51 d !y h a deep]1 a m univ]sal moral & religi\s significance8 ,back ( ! /ory ( ,abraham's call & settlem5t 9 ,canaan cle>ly lies ! hi/oric fact t ! ance/ors ( ! ,hebrews z nomads migrat$ f ! l& ( ,aram to seek = !mselves & _! desc5dants a p]man5t home 9 ! l& ( ,canaan4 ,abraham1 ^: "n 9 ,hebrew means1 ,exalt$ ,fa!r1 or z x 0 lat] int]pret$1 ,fa!r ( a ,multitude1 naturally repres5ts ?is hi/oric movem5t1 b ! /ory ( 8 call & settlem5t 9 ,canaan has a l>g] mean+ & value4 ,x simply & vividly illu/rates ! et]nal tru?s t 7#a7 ,god guides ^? :o w be guid$4 7#b7 ,he reveals himself alone to ^? :o seek a revelation4 7#c7 ,8 revelations come along ! pa? ( duty & are conf9$ to no place or l&4 7#d7 ,= ^? :o w be l$ by him ,god has 9 /ore a noble de/9y4 7#e7 ,bless$ are ! peacemak]s = !y %all be call$ ! *ildr5 ( ,god4 7#f7 ,bless$ are ! meek = !y %all inh]it ! e>?4 ,?us ?is m>vel\s /ory pres5ts c]ta9 ( ! noble/ fruits ( ,israel's spiritual exp]i5ces4 ,incid5tally x also deals ) ! relation%ip betwe5 ! ,hebrews & _! neighbors1 ! ,moabites1 across ! ,jordan & ! ,dead ,sea1 = ,lot 9 ^! e>li] /ories /&s z ! traditional ance/or ( ! ,moabites & ,ammonites4 ,x is evid5t t1 l ! op5+ n>ratives ( ,g5esis1 ?is /ory aim$ to expla9 exi/+ conditions1 z well z to illu/rate ! deep] tru?s ( life4 ,simil>ly ! /ory ( ! expulsion ( ,hag>1 x is ?\ght1 aims prim>ily to expla9 ! orig9 ( ,israel's foes1 ! nomadic ,i%maelites1 :o liv$ s\? ( ,canaan4 ,9 ! inscriptions ( ! ,assyrian k+ ,s5na*]ib1 ,h>g>anu is ! "n ( an ,aramean tribe4 ,a tribe be>+ a simil> "n is also m5tion$ 9 ! s\? ,arabian inscriptions4 ,! ,hag> ( ! /ory is a typical daught] ( ! des]t4 ,:5 %e became ! "m ( a *ild1 ! highe/ honor t c\ld come to a ,semitic woman1 %e c\ld n resi/ ! temptation to taunt ,s>ah4 ,9 keep+ ) e>ly ,semitic cu/oms ,s>ah _h full au?ority to dem& ! expulsion ( ,hag>1 = 9 ! eye ( ! law ! slave wife 0 h] prop]ty4 ,! tradition ( ! revelation to ,hag> also repres5t$ ! popul> explanation ( ! sanctity ( ! fam\s des]t %r9e ,be]-lahal-roi4 ,l mo/ ( ! prophetic /ories1 ?is n>rative tea*es deep] moral lessons4 ,*ief among ^! is ! broad tru? t ! sph]e ( ,god's c>e & bless+ 0 by no means limit$ to ,israel4 ,to ! outca/ & ne$y he ev] comes ) 8 message ( c\nsel & promise4 ,0 ,abraham "r or wrong 9 yield+ to ,s>ah's wi%8 ,0 ,s>ah "r or wrong 9 h] attitude t[>d ,hag>8 ,0 ,hag>'s triumphal attitude t[>d ,s>ah natural8 ,0 x "r8 ,9 ! /ory ( ! de/ruction ( ,sodom ,lot appe>s z ! c5tral figure4 ,8 *oice ( ! f]tile pla9 ( ! ,jordan _h br\ght him into close contact ) its inhabitants1 ! ,canaanites4 ,ab&on+ 8 nomadic life1 he _h become a citiz51 ( ! corrupt city ( ,sodom4 ,:5 at la/ ,jehovah _h det]m9$ to de/roy ! city because ( its wick$ness1 ,abraham p]si/5tly int]c$$ t x be sp>$4 ,its wick$ness prov$1 h[ev]1 too great = p>don4 ,lot1 :o1 true to 8 nomad tra9+1 hospitably receiv$ ! div9e mess5g]s1 0 f9ally p]suad$ to flee f ! city & ?us escap$ ! ov]:elm+ de/ruction t felt ^u x4 ,:at 0 ! possible orig9 ( ?is /ory8 7,hi/4 ,bible ,i1 #hg47 ,:at are ! important religi\s tea*+s ( ?is /ory8 ,7 great calamities 9 ! pa/ usually ! result ( wick$ness8 ,are !y to-day8 ,d p s int]pret ! de/ruction ( ,san ,francisco & ,mess9a8 ,! great epidemic ( *ol]a 9 ,hamburg 9 #ahib 0 cle>ly ! result ( a gross neglect ( sanit>y precautions 9 reg>d to ! wat] supply4 ,at t date ! *ol]a g]m _h n be5 cle>ly id5tifi$ & !re 0 "s d\bt reg>d+ ! means by :i* ! disease 0 spread4 ,0 sanit>y neglect !n z mu* ( a s9 z x w\ld be n[8 ,may we prop]ly say t ! pe/il5ce 0 a calamity visit$ on t city z a puni%m5t = its s9 ( neglect8 ,:y did ! prophets pres]ve ! /ory ( ! sacrifices ( ,isaac8 ,comp>e ! p>allel tea*+ 9 ,micah #f3f-h4 ,) :at %all ,i come be=e ,jehovah1 ,b[ myself be=e ! ,god on high8 ,%all ,i come be=e him ) burnt-(f]+s1 ,) calves a ye> old8 ,w ,jehovah be pleas$ ) ?\s&s ( rams1 ,) myriads ( /reams ( oil8 ,%all ,i give him my fir/-born = my guilt1 ,! fruit ( my body = ! s9 ( my s\l8 ,:i* is ! mo/ important tea*+ ( ! /ory3 ! importance ( an unque/ion+ fai? & ob$i5ce1 or ! ne$lessness ( human sacrifice8 ,does ,god ev] comm& any p]son to d any?+ t ! p]son ?9ks wrong8 ,,iii4 ,,! ,,prophetic ,,portrait ,,( ,,abraham4 ,9 ! s-call$ lat] prie/ly /ories reg>d+ ,abraham 7see especially ,g54 #ag7 he is portray$ z a devot$ s]vant ( ! law1 *iefly int5t ^u obs]v+ ! simple c]emonial in/itutions reveal$ to him 9 t primitive age4 ,) him ! lat] prie/s associat$ ! orig9 ( ! di/9ctive rite ( circumcision4 ,9 ,g5esis #ad ,abraham is pictur$ z a valiant w>rior :o esp\s$ ! cause ( ! weak & won a great victory ov] ! unit$ armies ( ! ,ea/]n k+s4 ,l a knight ( old5 times1 he re/or$ ! captur$ spoil to ! city t _h be5 robb$ & gave a lib]al portion1 to ! prie/ k+ ,mel*iz$ek1 :o appe>s to h be5 reg>d$ 9 lat] ,jewi% tradition z ! =]unn] ( ! ,j]usalem prie/hood4 ,9 ! /ill lat] ,jewi% traditions1 ( :i* _m h be5 pres]v$1 he is pictur$ sometimes z an inv9cible w>rior1 be=e :om ev5 ! great city ( ,damascus fell1 sometimes z an ard5t foe ( idolatry1 ! inc>nation ( ! _s ( lat] ,judaism1 or else he is ?\ght ( z hav+ be5 borne to heav5 on a fi]y *>iot1 :]e he receives to 8 bosom ! fai?ful ( 8 race4 ,?us ea* succe$+ g5]ation or gr\p ( writ]s made ,abraham1 z ! traditional fa!r ( _! race1 ! embodim5t ( _! highe/ ideals4 ,! ,abraham ( ! e>ly prophetic n>ratives1 h[ev]1 is a rem>kably consi/5t "*4 ,he exemplifies t :i* is noble/ 9 ,israel's e>ly ideals4 ,h[ is ,abraham's fai? illu/rat$ 9 ! prophetic /ories consid]$ 9 ! prec$+ p>agraph8 ,8 unselfi%ness & g5]osity8 ,8 c\rtly hospitality8 ,0 8 polit5ess to /rang]s simply due to 8 tra9+ & ! traditions ( ! des]t or 0 x ! expression ( 8 natural impulses8 ,0 ,abraham's devot$ int]e/ 9 ! future ( 8 desc5dants a noble quality8 ,h[ are 8 devotion & ob$i5ce to ,god illu/rat$8 ,9 ! light ( ?is /udy describe ! ,abraham ( ! prophetic n>ratives4 ,is x a p]fect "* t is ?us portray$8 ,is x ! product ( a primitive /ate ( society or ( a high civilization8 ,,iv4 ,,! ,,t5d5cy ,,to ,,idealize ,,national ,,h]oes4 ,is ,%akespe>e "r 9 8 /atem5t t ,! evil t m5 d lives aft] !m2 ! good is (t int]r$ ) _! bones8 ,:y d m5 z a rule idealize ! dead8 ,does ! primitive t5d5cy to ance/or wor%ip 9 "p expla9 ?is8 ,is ! t5d5cy to idealize ! m5 ( ! pa/ b5eficial 9 its effect ^u ! race8 ,:at w\ld be ! effect if all ! iniquity ( ! pa/ 7 rememb]$8 ,! t5d5cy to idealize national h]oes is by no means conf9$ to ! ,hebrews4 ,greek1 ,roman & ,engli% hi/ory ab\nds 9 illu/rations4 ,cite "s ( ! m /rik+4 ,:y are !y (t5 ?\ght ( z desc5dants ( ! gods8 ,comp>e ! popul> conception ( ! fir/ presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & 8 "* z portray$ 9 ,=d's ,! ,real ,george ,wa%+ton4 ,! portraits ( national h]oes1 ev5 ?\gh !y are idealiz$1 ex]t a p[]ful & :olesome influ5ce ^u ! nations :o honor _! memory4 ,! noble/ ideals 9 ea* succe$+ g5]ation are (t5 ?us concretely embodi$ 9 ! "* ( "s national h]o4 ,comp>e ! great h]oes ( ,greek my?ology ) ! e>ly h]oes ( ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,d ^! diff]5ces correspond to ! di/9ctive *>act]i/ics ( ! ,greeks & ! ,hebrews8 ,are ^! diff]5ces due to ! peculi> g5ius ( ea* race or 9 "p to ! influ5ce ex]t$ by ! ideals ?us concretely pres5t$ ^u ea* succe$+ g5]ation8 ,is x probable t 9 ! "* ( ,abraham ! traditional fa!r ( ! ,hebrew race 0 idealiz$8 ,is x possible t tea*]s ( ,israel1 consci\sly or unconsci\sly1 fo/]$ ?is t5d5cy t !y might 9 ?is concrete & effective way impress _! great tea*+s ^u _! race8 ,if s1 does x decrease or enhance ! value & au?ority ( ^! /ories8 ,v4 ,,! ,,reasons ,,fob ,,migration4 ,9 ! e>ly hi/ory ( mo/ c\ntries !re comes a pressure ( population ^u ! productive p[]s ( ! l&4 ,z numb]s increase 9 ! hunt+ /age game becomes sc>ce & m hunt+ gr\nds are ne$$4 ,tribes migrate f season to season1 z did ! ,am]ican ,indians1 & ev5tually "s memb]s ( ! tribe are likely to g =? to seek new homes4 ,lat] 9 ! pa/oral /age ( society1 z ! weal? ( flocks & h]ds increases1 m pa/urage is ne$$ & simil> results foll[4 ,ev5 aft] agriculture is well e/abli%$ & comm]ce is well begun1 z 9 ,anci5t ,greece1 colonies h a l orig94 ,9 ! ,engl& ( ! n9ete5? c5tury ,mal?us & 8 foll[]s taught ! t5d5cy ( population to outgr[ ! means ( subsi/5ce--a t5d5cy ov]come only by re/ra9ts on ! gr[? ( population1 or by new inv5tions t enable new s\rces ( supply to be secur$ or t r5d] ! old ones m effici5t4 ,emigration & pione]+ are ?us a normal outgr[? ( a progressive gr[+ p 9 any /age ( civilization4 ,:at does ! /atem5t ab\t ,abraham's weal? 9 cattle & silv] & gold %[ reg>d+ ! c\ntry f :i* he came & ! probable cause ( ,god's direction = 8 removal8 ,immigrants & pione]s are usually ! self-reliant & c\rage\s1 :o d>e to endure h>d%ips & incur risks to secure = _! c\ntry & po/]ity ! b5efits ( new l&s & broad] opportunity4 ,! trials ( new & untri$ exp]i5ces & (t5 ( dire p]il /r5g!n ! "* already /rong1 s t ! pione]s 9 all l&s & ages h be5 h]oes ^: exploits rec\nt$ 9 song & /ory h /irr$ ! he>ts & mold$ ! fai? ( _! desc5dants ?r\gh _m g5]ations4 ,9 ! light ( lat] hi/ory :at 0 ! pr(\nd religi\s significance to 8 race & to ! _w1 ( ! migration repres5t$ by ,abraham8 ,! ,biblical n>rative does n /ate ! exact way 9 :i* ,jehovah spoke to ,abraham4 ,is x possible & probable t ,god spoke to m5 9 t e>ly day z he speaks to !m n[1 ?r\gh _! exp]i5ces & inn] consci\sness8 ,9 :at s5se 0 ,abraham a pione]8 ,0 x = ,abraham's mat]ial int]e/ to migrate to ,canaan8 ,,vi4 ,,! ,,p]man5t ,,value ,,& ,,influ5ce ,,( ,,! ,,abraham ,,n>ratives4 ,s*ol>s w probably nev] absolutely agree reg>d+ _m problems connect$ ) ,abraham4 ,"s h gone s f> z to "q :e!r he 0 an hi/orical "* or n4 ,is ! "q ( fundam5tal importance8 ,o!r writ]s decl>e x probable t a tribal %eik by ! "n ( ,abraham l$ "o ( ! _m nomad tribes t some:]e ab\t ! middle ( ! second mill5ium ,b4,c4 mov$ we/w>d into ! t]ritory ( ,pale/9e4 ,x is probable t popul> tradition has pres]v$ c]ta9 facts reg>d+ 8 life & "*4 ,x is equally cle> t ! diff]5t gr\ps ( ,israel's tea*]s h ea* int]pret$ 8 "* & "w 9 keep+ ) _! di/9ctive ideals4 ,ea* individual n>rative has an indep5d5t unity & ! connection betwe5 ! diff]5t acc\nts is f> f close4 ,"s ( !m aim to expla9 ! d]ivation ( popul> names1 z = example1 ,abraham1 ,isaac1 & ,i%mael1 ! sanctity ( c]ta9 sacr$ places1 z = example1 ,be]%eba1 ! orig9 ( important in/itutions1 z = example1 circumcision & ! sub/itution ( animal = human sacrifice1 & ! explanation ( /rik+ physical ph5om5a1 z = example ! desolate %ores ( ! ,dead ,sea4 ,"s ( ^! acc\nts1 l ! table ( nations 9 ,g5esis #aj1 pres]ve ! memory ( ! relation%ip betwe5 ,israel & its neighbors4 ,!y pres]ve also ! *>act]i/ic popul> record ( ! e>ly migrations :i* br\ght ^! peoples to ,pale/9e1 :]e !y cry/aliz$ into ! diff]5t nations t figure 9 ! drama ( ,israel's hi/ory4 ,! p]man5t & univ]sal value ( ^! /ories lies1 h[ev]1 9 ! great moral pr9ciples :i* !y vividly & effectively illu/rate4 ,! prophetic portrait ( ,abraham 0 an inspir+ example to hold up be=e a race4 ,! *>act]i/ics ( ,abraham c be trac$ 9 ! ideals & "* ( ! ,israelites4 ,!y 7 unque/ionably an important =ce 9 develop+ ! prophet nation4 ,he 01 !re=e1 pre-em95tly a spiritual pione]4 ,h[ f> d ^! /ories1 & especially ! acc\nts ( ! cov5ant betwe5 ,jehovah & ,abraham1 embody ! national & spiritual aspirations ( ! race8 ,are ! ,abraham /ories ( practical inspiration to ! pres5t g5]ation8 ,:at qualities 9 8 "* are ess5tial to ! all-ar\nd man ( any age8 ,h[ f> w\ld ! ,abraham ( ! prophetic /ories succe$1 7 he liv+ 9 ,am]ica to-day8 ,w\ld he be appreciat$ by a majority ( our citiz5s8 ,are spiritual pione]s ( ! type ( ,abraham absolutely ne$$ 9 e nation & g5]ation if ! human race is to progress8 ,que/ions = ,fur!r ,consid]ation4 ,are ,god's purposes (t5 contr>y to man's desires8 ,ev] to man's be/ int]e/s8 ,:at qualities mu/ e true pione] possess8 ,:at is ! ultimate basis ( all true polit5ess8 ,:o are "s ( ! great pione]s ( e>ly ,am]ican hi/ory8 ,:at 7 _! *ief contributions to _! nation8 ,is y\r own consci5ti\s conception ( y\r duty to be consid]$ z ,god's comm& to y8 ,does he give any o!r comm&8 ,does a high /age ( civilization ennoble "* or t5d to degrade x8 ,subjects = ,fur!r ,/udy4 7#a7 ,abraham 9 ,late ,jewi% ,tradition4 ,ha/+s1 ,dict4 ,bib4 ,i1 #af1 #ag1 ,g9sb]g1 ,! ,leg5ds ( ! ,jews1 ,i1 pp4 #ahe-cjh4 7#b7 ,! ,geological ,hi/ory ( ! ,dead ,sea ,valley4 ,ha/+s1 ,dict4 ,bib4 ,i1 #ege-g2 ,encyc4 ,bib4 ,i1 #ajdb-f2 ,k5t1 ,bib4 ,geog4 & ,hi/41 #de-ed2 ,smi?1 ,hi/4 ,geography1 #dii-eaf4 7#c7 ,! ,orig9al ,mean+ ( ,sacrifice4 ,/4 ,o4 ,t41 ,,iv1 #bch2 ,ha/+s1 ,dict4 ,bib4 ,,iv1 #cbi-ca2 ,encyc4 ,bib4 ,,iv1 #dbaf-bf2 ,smi?1 ,relig4 ( ! ,semites1 #bac-dc1 #beb-ddj2 ,gordon1 ,e>ly ,traditions ( ,g5esis1 #bab-af4 7#d7 ,a ,comp>ison ( ! ,motives t ,inspir$ ! ,migrations ( ! ,ance/ors ( ! ,hebrews & our ,pilgrim ,fa!rs4 ,*eyney1 ,european ,backgr\nd ( ,am]ican ,hi/ory2 ,&rews1 ,colonial ,self-,gov]nm5t4 ,,/udy ,,vi ,,! ,,p[] ,,( ,,ambition4 ,,jacob1 ,,! ,,p]si/5t4--,g54 #bh1 #aj-cc1 #bj4 ,p>allel ,read+s4 ,hi/4 ,bible ,i1 #aja-ba4 ,ha/+s1 ,dict4 ,bible ,,ii1 #ebf-ece4 ,pr94 ( ,politics ,*4 ,,ii4 ,n[ z ! boys grew ,esau became a skilful hunt]1 b ,jacob 0 a quiet man1 a dwell] 9 t5ts4 ,& ,isaac lov$ ,esau--= he _h a ta/e = game--& ,rebekah lov$ ,jacob4 ,once :5 ,jacob 0 prep>+ a /ew1 ,esau came 9 f ! field1 & he 0 fa9t2 !re=e ,esau said to ,jacob1 ,let me eat quickly1 ,i pray1 "s ( t r$ food1 = ,i am fa9t4 7,!re=e 8 "n 0 call$ ,edom1 ,r$47 ,b ,jacob said1 ,sell me fir/ ( all y\r bir?right4 ,& ,esau repli$1 ,alas6 ,i am ne>ly dead1 !re=e ( :at use is ?is bir?right to me8 ,& ,jacob said1 ,swe> to me fir/2 s he swore to him1 & sold 8 bir?right to ,jacob4 ,!n ,jacob gave ,esau bread & /ew$ l5tils1 & :5 he _h eat5 & drank1 he rose up & w5t 8 way4 ,?us ,esau despis$ 8 bir?right4--,hi/4 ,bible4 ,*>les ,d>w9 :5 ask$ = ! secret ( 8 success said1 ,x's dogg$ z does x4 ,oh well = him ^: w is /rong6 ,he suff]s1 b he w n suff] long2 ,he suff]s1 b he _c suff] wrong3 ,= him nor moves ! l\d _w's r&om mock1 ,nor all ,calamity's huge/ waves conf\nd1 ,:o seems a promontory ( rock1 ,t1 compas/ r\nd ) turbul5t s\nd ,9 middle ocean meets ! surg+ %ock1 ,tempe/-buffett$ b citadel-cr[n$4 --,t5nyson4 ,life is comic or pitiful1 z soon z ! high ends ( be+ fade out ( sight & man becomes ne>-sight$ & c only att5d to :at addresses ! s5ses--,em]son4 ,:o rises e "t he falls ,w sometime rise to /ay4 ,i4 ,,! ,,two ,,bro!rs1 ,,jacob ,,& ,,esau4 ,s\? ( ! ,dead ,sea1 b\nd$ by ! rocky des]t on ! ea/ & ! hot b>r5 ,arabah on ! we/1 ext5ds ! wild picturesque range ( ,m\nt ,seir4 ,x is a l& ( l(ty heights & deep1 almo/ inaccessible valleys1 ! home ( ! hunt] & ! nomad4 ,f a few copi\s spr+s !re issue cle>1 refre%+ brooks1 :i* run rippl+ ?r\gh ! deep rav9es1 b soon lose !mselves 9 _! hot1 gravelly b$s4 ,a few miles fur!r on !y em]ge & aga9 disappe>1 z !y approa* ! bord]s ( ! hot1 ?ir/y wild]ness t surr\nds ,m\nt ,seir on e side4 ,"h 9 e>ly times liv$ ! ,edomites1 a nomadic p :o e/abli%$ !mselves 9 ?is bord]l& ( ,pale/9e long be=e ! ,hebrews ga9$ a p]man5t foo?old 9 ! l& ( ,canaan4 ,! "n1 ,edom1 is f\nd 9 an inscription ( a k+ ( ! eigh? ,egyptian ,dyna/y1 ,9 ! ,biblical n>rative1 ,esau evid5tly is ! traditional ance/or ( ! ,edomites1 ev5 z ,jacob figures z ! fa!r ( ! twelve tribes4 ,"o ( ! aims ( ^! n>ratives1 x seems to _m s*ol>s1 is to expla9 :y ! ,israelites1 ! y\ng] p1 :o settl$ late/ 9 ,pale/9e1 ultimately possess$ ! l& & conqu]$ ! ,edomites4 ,! portraits ( ,esau & ,jacob are rem>kably true to ! *>act]i/ics ( ^! two rival nations4 ,!y are also fai?ful to human nature z we f9d x to-day4 ,( ^! two bro!rs :i*1 on ! :ole1 is ! m attractive8 ,:i* resembles 8 fa!r & :i* 8 "m8 7,read ! acc\nts ( _! lives1 ,g54 #bd-bg47 ,:at noble virtues does ,esau possess8 ,:at 0 8 great fault8 ,reckless m5 or drift]s ) g5]\s impulses b ) no def9ite purpose1 ( :om gypsies & hoboes are extreme types1 are f\nd 9 e age & society4 ,:y is x t m5 ( ! type ( ,esau s (t5 9 "t become crim9als8 ,,ii4 ,,! ,,man ,,) ,a ,,wrong ,,ambition4 ,! mod]n t5d5cy to idealize ! "* ( ,jacob1 simply because he 0 "o ( ! fam\s patri>*s1 is bo? un=tunate & mislead+4 ,al?\gh he vividly typifies c]ta9 *>act]i/ics ( 8 race1 ! ,jacob ( ^! e>ly prophetic acc\nts is portray$ ) absolute fidelity & realism4 ,8 faults are reveal$ ev5 m cle>ly ?an 8 virtues4 ,! dom9ant motive 9 8 life is ambition1 b x is a ?or\ghly selfi% ambition4 ,9 ! light ( ! /ories1 /ate 9 y\r own words :at 0 ! exact nature ( ,jacob's ambition4 ,h[ did x diff] f t ( ,abraham8 ,:at me?ods did he use to a*ieve 8 ambition8 ,7 ^! me?ods ju/ifiable8 ,:at is y\r view ( ! /atem5t1 ,! end ju/ifies ! means8 ,try to def9e exactly ! me?od ( det]m9+ ju/ifiable means4 ,may ,jacob's action be excus$ because he 0 act+ "u ! direction ( 8 "m8 ,does a man ) a selfi% ambition always injure o!rs8 ,does he 9 ! end injure himself mo/ ( all8 ,h[8 ,e type ( selfi%ness is directly oppos$ to a man's highe/ self-int]e/4 ,jesus cont9ually _h ?is l>ge tru? 9 m9d :5 he decl>$1 ,he t f9de? 8 life %all lose x1 b he t lose? 8 life = my sake %all f9d x4 ,jesus himself illu/rat$ ?is pr9ciple4 ,cite o!r illu/rations f hi/ory4 ,f y\r own obs]vation or exp]i5ce4 ,0 ,jacob1 ev5 ) 8 wrong ambition1 a /rong] & m promis+ "* ?an 8 bro!r ,esau8 ,:y8 ,w\ld y r h y\r son a boy ( /rong "* ) vici\s t5d5cy or a weakl+ ) h>mless1 virtu\s incl9ations8 ,,iii4 ,,jacob',s ,,tra9+ ,,9 ,,! ,,s*ool ,,( ,,exp]i5ce4 ,jacob's exp]i5ces z a fugitive well illu/rate ! homely prov]b1 ,! way ( ! transgressor is h>d4 ,he :o deceiv$ & *eat$ 8 bro!r soon became ! victim ( deception & fraud4 ,mo/ pa9ful ( all 0 ! ev]-haunt+ s5se ( fe> because ( ! consequ5ces ( 8 wrong acts t foll[$ him ev5 9 8 life z an exile &1 l a spectre1 confront$ him z he return$ aga9 to ! sc5es ( 8 boyhood4 ,^! pa9ful exp]i5ces 7 probably ess5tial to ! developm5t ( ,jacob's "*4 ,are !re any o!r ways 9 :i* m5 ( ?is type c be l$ to appreciate t _! ambitions are wrong8 ,0 ,laban any m unju/ or tricky 9 8 deal+ ) ,jacob ?an ,jacob _h be5 ) ,esau1 or ?an ,jacob 0 ) ,laban8 ,note ! grim humor runn+ ?r\gh ^! /ories4 ,!y are ! type ( /ories t w\ld be especially appreciat$ :5 told by %eph]ds beside ! camp fire4 ,! mo/ significant po9t 9 ^! /ories is t !y decl>e t ,jehovah's c>e & guidance foll[$ ! selfi% deceiv] ev5 z he fl$ ! consequ5ces ( 8 own misde$s4 ,:y %\ld t div9e c>e %ield him f ! consequ5ces ( 8 misde$s8 ,d we f9d su* in/ances to-day8 ,h[ d y expla9 !m8 ,:at is ! mean+ ( ! /ory ( ,jacob's vision at ,be!l8 ,:at promis+ elem5ts did ,jehovah f9d 9 ,jacob's "*8 ,:at practical lessons did ,jacob le>n dur+ 8 soj\rn 9 ,aram8 ,0 ,jacob really a hypocrite1 or did he 9 fact fail to see any inconsi/5cy betwe51 8 trick]y & meanness & 8 wor%ip ( ,jehovah8 ,a man may be s9c]e 9 8 religi\s wor%ip on ,sunday & yet *eat a neighbor on ,monday4 ,analyze c>efully ! nature ( 8 religion4 ,,iv4 ,,! ,,inv9cible ,,p[] ,,op ,,ambition ,,& ,,p]sev]ance4 ,hi/ory & mod]n life ab\nd 9 illu/rations ( :at c be accompli%$ by ! comb9ation ( ambition & p]sev]ance4 ,cyrus1 ! k+ ( a little upl& prov9ce1 ?r\gh a rem>kable s]ies ( victories became ! undisput$ ma/] ( s\?-we/]n ,asia & laid ! f\ndations ( ! great ,p]sian ,empire4 ,julius ,caes>1 :o trans=m$ ,rome f a republic into an empire1 & ,napoleon ! ,corsican1 are ! classic illu/rations ( ! p[] ( great ambition & dauntless p]si/5cy4 ,f> nobl] is t quiet1 c\rage\s p]sev]ance :i* l$ ,liv+/on ?r\gh ! trackless swamps & =e/s ( ,africa & blaz$ ! way = ! conque/ ( ! d>k cont95t4 ,equally significant is t noble ambition1 c\pl$ ) h]oic p]sev]ance1 t has enabl$ settlem5t work]s to br+ light to ! d>ke/ p>ts ( our great cities4 ,ambition )\t p]si/5cy is b a dream or hope4 ,obs]ve ,jacob's p]si/5cy 9 ! ,biblical /ories4 ,does p]si/5cy1 :i* has always be5 a m>k$ *>act]i/ic ( ! ,hebrew race1 l>gely expla9 ! a*ievem5ts ( ! ,jews ?r\gh\t ! _w8 ,note ! app>5tly sci5tific k reg>d+ bre$+ ( lambs by ,jacob 9 8 deal+s ) ,laban4 ,is x a fact recogniz$ by sci5ce to-day8 ,if he knew ?is & ,laban did n1 c y ju/ify 8 acts8 ,c y ju/ify ! act ( ! director ( a corporation :o uses 8 prior k ( ! bus9ess ( 8 corporation to make pr(it f buy+ or sell+ its /ocks8 ,:o loses8 ,is he a tru/ee = _! int]e/s8 ,:at is ! mean+ ( ! /range /ory ( ,jacob's midnight /ruggle ) ! angel8 7,hi/4 ,bible ,i1 #aai-bj47 ,:at lessons did ,jacob le>n f ?is /ruggle8 ,w\ld y call ,jacob a truly religi\s man1 accord+ to 8 light & tra9+1 or 7 8 religi\s pr(essions only hypocritical8 ,may he h be5 s9c]e1 b h _h a wrong conception ( religion8 ,:at is hypocrisy8 ,did ,jacob's fai? 9 ,jehovah1 9 ! end prove ! /ronge/ =ce 9 8 life8 ,is !re any trace 9 8 lat] ye>s1 ( ! selfi% ambition :i* e>li] dom9at$ him8 ,:at are 8 *ief int]e/s 9 ! latt] "p ( 8 life8 ,did he become ! /rong & noble "* t he might h be5 _h he f ! fir/ be5 guid$ by a wor?y ambition8 ,7 ! mis=tunes t came to him 9 8 old age due l>gely to 8 own faults reappe>+ 9 ! *>act]s ( 8 sons8 ,v4 ,,! ,,diff]5t ,,types ,,( ,,ambition4 ,9 ! ultimate analysis x is ! man's motive :i* det]m9es 8 "* z well z 8 acts4 ,z he ?9ke? )9 himself1 s is he4--,prov4 #bc3g4 ,man looke? on ! outw>d appe>ance1 b ,jehovah on ! he>t4--,i ,sam4 #af3g4 ,) _m m5 ! /ronge/ motive is ! desire to surpass o!rs4 ,x n only leads !m to p]=m c]ta9 acts1 b 9 s do+ %apes _! habits2 & "* is l>gely ! result ( man's habitual way ( act+4 ,jacob grew up n>r[ & crafty because ( ! selfi%1 dw>f+ nature ( 8 ambition1 ,at fir/ 8 ambition 0 ( a l[ type1 t ( ! *ild :i* desires to acquire possessions & p[] simply = himself4 ,9 ! *ild ?is impulse is p]fectly natural4 ,9 ! normally develop$ individual1 dur+ ! ye>s ( e>ly adolesc5ce 7! ye>s ( #ad to #af7 ! social & altrui/ic impulses beg9 to develop & to take ! place ( ^? :i* are purely egoi/ic or selfi%4 ,:5 ! fully develop$ man fails1 z did ,jacob1 to leave beh9d *ildi% ?+s & reta9s ! ambitions & impulses ( ! *ild1 8 condition is pitiable4 ,m5 ( ?is type ( ambition (t5 a*ieve great ?+s f ! economic or political po9t ( view4 ,economically !y are ( great] value to society ?an ! drift]4 ,sometimes1 h[ev]1 !y br+ ru9 & disa/] to society1 z well z to !mselves4 ,despots l ,h]od ! ,great & ,napoleon1 corrupt political bosses1 :o play into ! h&s ( c]ta9 classes at ! exp5se ( ! g5]al public1 & m5 :o employ graft+ me?ods 9 bus9ess or politics1 belong to ?is class4 ,,vi4 ,,! ,,developm5t ,,( ,,"r ,,ambitions4 ,! desire to sp>e "o's en]gies is natural to man4 ,to ga9 weal? ) ! lea/ exp5diture ( en]gy is said to be ! *ief economic motive4 ,mo/ m5 are by nature lazy4 ,?is law ( in]tia applies n only 9 ! physical _w1 b also 9 ! intellectual1 moral & spiritual fields4 ,! great majority ( m5 foll[ ! l9e ( lea/ resi/ance4 ,9 politics & morals !y accept ! /&>ds ( _! associates4 ,unconsci\sly !y jo9 ! great army ( ! drift]s1 or foll[]s1 :o pres]ve ! traditions ( ! pa/1 b contribute little to ! future progress ( ! race4 ,to deliv] man f ! control ( 8 natural in]tia he mu/ be t\*$ by "s /rong compell+ p[]4 ,ambition is "o great =ce t enables mo/ m5 to ov]come ?is in]tia4 ,! influ5ces1 !re=e1 :i* k9dle ambition are among ! mo/ important :i* ent] ! life ( man4 ,9 ! ,ori5t ! "m /&s 9 especially close relation to ! son4 ,h[ f> 0 ,jacob's desire to surpass 8 bro!r inspir$ by 8 "m8 ,_m ( ! _w's greate/ lead]s trace ! impulse :i* has l$ !m to a*ieve directly to _! p>5ts & especially to _! mo!rs4 ,! "m ( ,*>les & ,john ,wesley is b "o ( ! _m mo!rs to :om ! human race owes an ine/imable debt4 ,( all ! h]itages :i* p>5ts c leave _! *ildr5 none is great] ?an a wor?y ambition4 ,sometimes x is ! p]sonality ( a great tea*] :i* inspires ! y\?ful ambition & directs x 9 l9es ( wor?y a*ievem5t4 ,h[ mu* ( ,engl&'s greatness may be trac$ to ! quiet influ5ce ( ,arnold ( ,rugby6 ,consid] ! unp>allel$ influ5ce ( ,socrates1 ,plato1 ,ari/otle--all prim>ily tea*]s4 ,! true pa/or ) ! _s ( a prophet is (t5 able to guide ^? ) :om he comes into intimate contact to great fields ( s]vice4 ,9 enc\rag+ ,sophia ,smi? to f\nd ,smi? ,college t quiet ,new ,engl& pa/or1 ! ,rev]5d ,john ,m4 ,gre5e1 won a high place among ^? 9 ,am]ica :o fir/ appreciat$ ! importance ( education ( woman4 ,equally great opportunities may lie be=e e pa/or & tea*] & citiz54 ,frequ5tly x is ! contact ?r\gh lit]ature or 9 life ) m5 or wom5 :o h done h]oic de$s or h won success 9 ! face ( great ob/acles t k9dles ! y\?ful ambition & /irs ! lat5t motives :i* 9 turn develop /rong & noble *>act]s4 ,!re9 lies ! p]5nial value ( ! ,biblical n>ratives4 ,= _m m5 t :i* ar\ses _! ambitions is ! call ( a great opportunity or responsibility4 ,note ! *ange 9 ,g5]al ,grant's life ) ! outbreak ( ! ,civil ,w>4 ,! unambiti\s tann] becomes ! untir+1 rigid1 unconqu]able soldi]4 ,/rik+ illu/rations ( ?is fact are _m m51 ^: "*1 z well z conduct aft] !y h be5 call$ to positions ( political or judicial tru/1 is 9 m>k$ contra/ to _! previ\s record4 ,a corrupt lawy] has sometimes become an upright judge4 ,! pride ( (fice1 ! traditions ( ! b5* h su/a9$ him4 ,x is ! privilege & duty ( ea* man1 by ?\ghtful delib]ation & /udy to %ape & develop 8 own individual ambitions t !y may con=m to ! highe/ ideals & ?us guide him to ! noble/ & mo/ wor?y a*ievem5t4 ,( :at value to a man is biography 9 =m+ 8 ambitions8 ,m5tion "s biographies t y consid] ( ! greate/ help4 ,9 :at ways are ! life & tea*+s ( ,jesus ( practical s]vice 9 develop+ ! ambitions ( a man to-day8 ,que/ions = ,fur!r ,consid]ation4 ,is x possible = a man )\t ambition to develop or to a*ieve any?+ really significant8 ,9 y\r judgm5t1 :at p]c5tage ( ! m5 9 y\r community really ?9k out & c>efully plan _! lives8 ,:at proportion drift or take ! way %[n !m by o!rs8 ,"s p consid] m5tal or moral in]tia ! *ief =ce t su/a9s ! corrupt political boss4 ,is ?is true8 ,:at proportion ( ! vot]s 9 y\r vot+ di/rict actually /udy & appreciate ! issues 9 ea* election8 ,:at proportion ( *ur* memb]s drift into _! *ur* memb]%ip1 & :at proportion jo9 only aft] a c>eful /udy ( ! relative m]its ( ! diff]5t *ur*es8 ,:at are ! *ief ambitions t /ir m5 to action8 ,:at 0 ,jesus' ambition8 ,paul's8 ,flor5ce ,night+ale's8 ,abraham ,l9coln's8 ,pet] ,coop]'s8 ,g>ibaldi's8 ,dwight ,l4 ,moody's8 ,0 !re a common elem5t 9 ! ambition ( ea* ( ^! lead]s ( m58 ,is ! realization ( ! ambition to s]ve "o's fell[-m5 limit$ to ^? :o possess unique p[]s or opportunities8 ,subjects = ,fur!r ,/udy4 7#a7 ,! ,law ( ,inh]itance among ! ,e>ly ,semites4 ,ha/+s1 ,diet4 ,bib4 ,,ii1 #dgj-dgc2 ,k5t1 ,/ud5t's ,o4 ,t41 ,,iii2 ,johns1 ,bab4 & ,assyr4 ,laws1 ,contracts & ,lett]s1 #afa-afg4 7#b7 ,! ,arameans4 ,ha/+s1 ,dict4 ,bible ,i1 #ach-aci2 ,encyc4 ,bib4 ,i1 #bgf-bhj2 ,pet]s1 ,e>ly ,heb4 ,/ory1 #de-dg1 #aae-aaf2 #acc-acd2 ,masp]o1 ,/ruggle ( ! ,nations1 #abf4 7#c7 ,! ,psy*ological ,connection betwe5 ,ambition1 ,habits1 ,"* & ,public ,life4 ,pr94 ( ,politics ,*4 ,,ii & ,,iii4 ,james1 ,talks to ,tea*]s ,*4 ,,ii4 ,,/udy ,,vii ,a ,,successful ,,man ,,( ,,affairs4 ,,joseph',s ,,a*ievem5ts4--,g54 #cg1 #ci-dh1 #ej4 ,p>allel ,read+s4 ,hi/4 ,bible1 ,i1 #aba-aej4 ,ha/+s' ,dict4 ,bible1 ,,ii1 #ggj-ggb4 ,em]son1 ,essay on ,"*4 ,n[ ,israel lov$ ,joseph m ?an all 8 o!r *ildr51 because he 0 ! son ( 8 old age2 & he _h made him a long tunic ) sleeves4 ,& :5 8 bro!rs saw t _! fa!r lov$ him m ?an all 8 o!r sons1 !y hat$ him1 & c\ld n speak to him4 ,b ,jehovah 0 ) ,joseph s t he became a prosp]\s man1 & 0 9 ! h\se ( 8 ma/] ! ,egyptian4 ,:5 8 ma/] saw t ,jehovah 0 ) him1 & t ,jehovah caus$ ev]y?+ t he did to prosp] 9 8 h&s1 ,joseph f\nd favor 9 8 eyes1 z he m9i/]$ to him1 s t he made him ov]se] ( 8 h\se1 & all t he _h he put 9 8 *>ge4 ,& ,jehovah 0 ) ,joseph & %[$ k9dness to him1 & gave him favor 9 ! sight ( ! keep] ( ! prison1 s t ! keep] ( ! prison gave to ,joseph's *>ge all ! prison]s :o 7 9 ! prison1 & = :atev] !y did he 0 responsible4 ,& ,ph>aoh said to ,joseph1 ,see1 ,i h appo9t$ y ov] all ! l& ( ,egypt4 ,& ,ph>aoh took (f 8 signet r+ f 8 f+] & put x ^u ,joseph's f+]1 & clo!d him 9 g>m5ts ( f9e l951 & put a gold *a9 ab\t 8 neck1 & made him ride 9 ! second *>iot :i* he _h4 ,!n !y cri$ be=e him1 ,b[ ! knee6 ,?us he set him ov] all ! l& ( ,egypt4 ,ph>aoh also said to ,joseph1 ,i am ,ph>aoh1 b )\t y\r cons5t %all no man lift up 8 h& or 8 foot 9 all ! l& ( ,egypt4--,hi/4 ,bible4 ,= :at is a man pr(it$1 if he %all ga9 ! :ole _w & lose 8 own s\l8--,matt4 #af3cf4 ,m5 at "s "t are ma/]s ( _! fates3 ,! fault1 de> ,brutus1 is n 9 our />s1 b 9 ourselves1 t we are und]l+s4--,%akespe>e 7,julius ,caes>1 ,act4 ,i1 ,sc4 #b1 ,l4 #aci74 ,i f9d ! great ?+ 9 ?is _w is n s mu* :]e we /& z 9 :at direction we are mov+4 ,to rea* ! port ( ,heav5 we mu/ sail sometimes ) ! w9d1 & sometimes aga9/ x2 b we mu/ sail & n drift1 nor lie at an*or4--,o4 ,w4 ,holmes4 ,he t respects himself is safe f o!rs2 ,he we>s a coat ( mail t none c pi]ce4 ,x is m important to make a life ?an to make a liv+4--,ex-,gov]nor ,russell ( ,massa*usetts4 ,i4 ,,! ,,qualities ,,ess5tial ,,to ,,success4 ,! late ,samuel ,l4 ,clem5s 7,m>k ,twa97 advis$ a "y man :o desir$ to ent] bus9ess to select ! firm ) :i* he wi%$ to be associat$1 !n ask t !y give him "w1 )\t m5tion+ ! subject ( comp5sation4 ,hav+ secur$ ?is opportunity to demon/rate 8 ability & will+ness to "w1 recognition w\ld come 9 due "t4 ,?is advice receiv$ ! approval ( _m prom95t bus9ess m54 ,x concretely illu/rates ! fact t ! fir/ ess5tial ( success is ! will+ness to s]ve4 ,x also emphasizes ! necessity ( be+ ready to d ! "w 9 accordance ) ! employ]'s wi%es4 ,ultimate success also requires k & tra9$ ability4 ,^!1 h[ev]1 come ?r\gh appr5tice%ip & a fai?ful improvem5t ( opportunities4 ,! ,hebrew sages1 ) true insight1 emphasiz$ ! importance ( k2 b !y taught also t wisdom1 :i* is n only k1 b ! p[] to apply x practically 9 ! v>i\s relations ( life1 0 f> m important4 ,:at o!r qualities are ess5tial to ! highe/ success8 ,is x v important t a man %\ld h ! "r moral /&>ds8 ,h[ d a man's habits affect 8 effici5cy8 ,is x only ! g5ius :o is able to atta9 ! highe/ success to-day 9 bus9ess & pr(essional life8 ,d y accept ,george ,eliot's def9ition ( g5ius z ! capacity = unlimit$ "w8 ,to :at ext5t does a man's fai? 9 ,god & 9 8 fell[ m5 det]m9e 8 ability to w9 success8 ,h[ f> are !y ess5tial to ! atta9m5t ( ! highe/ type ( success8 ,,ii4 ,,! ,,limitations ,,& ,,temptations ,,( ,,joseph',s ,,e>ly ,,life4 ,! ,hebrew sage :o utt]$ ! pray]3 ,remove f> f me falsehood & lies2 ,give me nei!r pov]ty nor ri*es2 ,fe$ me ) ! food t is ne$ful = me4 --,prov4 #cj3h4 voic$ a great economic z well z moral pr9ciple4 ,! m5 :o are h&icapp$ to-day 9 ! race = success are ei!r ^? :o are born 9 homes ( extreme pov]ty or ( extreme weal? :]e !y are unnaturally b>r$ or %ield$ f ! real problems & tasks ( life4 ,:i* is probably ! great] h&icap8 ,to :i* class did ,joseph belong8 ,9 :at ways did 8 fa!r %[ 8 favoritism t[>ds ,joseph8 ,! ,hebrew ^w r5d]$ 9 ! old] translations1 coat ( _m colors1 means lit]ally1 long-sleev$ tunic4 ,?is g>m5t1 l ^? worn by weal?y ,*9ese :5 9 native co/ume1 di/+ui%$ ! ri* or ! nobility1 :o 7 n "u ! necessity ( engag+ 9 manual labor4 ,! dreams :i* ,joseph told to 8 bro!rs reveal 8 high e/imate ( 8 own importance & 7 probably sugge/$ by 8 fa!r's attitude t[>d him4 ,!y 7 inde$ a revelation ( ! ambitions already /irr+ 9 ! "y boy's m9d4 ,b ,joseph requir$ clos] contact ) real life 9 ord] to trans=m 8 ambitions into actual a*ievem5ts4 ,joseph gave 8 bro!rs cause = hatr$ t[>d him1 b _! action 9 sell+ him to ! ,i%maelites 0 by no means ju/ifiable4 ,nev]!less x br\ght to ,joseph ! exp]i5ces & opportunities absolutely ess5tial to ! atta9m5t ( 8 ultimate success4 ,(t5 :at seem man's greate/ mis=tunes are 9 reality ! door t op5s to ! new & l>g] opportunities4 ,9 :at two ways may a man meet mis=tune8 ,,iii4 ,,! ,,call ,,( ,a ,,great ,,opportunity4 ,egypt1 ) its m>vel\s natural res\rces1 its peculi> climate1 its irrigation1 :i* usually gu>antees good crops1 & its v]satile p1 has always be5 pre-em95tly ! l& ( opportunity4 ,especially 0 ?is true dur+ ! reigns ( ! p[]ful despots ( ! eighte5? dyna/y1 :5 ! relations betwe5 ,egypt & ,pale/9e 7 exce$+ly close4 ,?us1 = example1 accord+ to contempor>y records1 dur+ ! reign ( ! great re=m] k+1 ,am5hotep ,,iv1 sev]al ,semites rose to positions ( great au?ority4 ,a c]ta9 ,dudu 7,david7 0 "o ( ! mo/ tru/$ (ficials ( ?is k+4 ,he is address$ by "o ( ! ,egyptian gov]nors z ,my "l1 my fa!r4 ,ano!r ,semite nam$ ,yanhamu n only _h control ( ! /oreh\ses ( gra9 9 ! ea/]n "p ( ! ,nile ,delta1 b also direct$ ! ,egyptian rule ( ,pale/9e4 ,! local gov]nors ( ,pale/9e ref] to him 9 t]ms :i* sugge/ t 8 au?ority 0 almo/ equal to t ( ,ph>aoh himself4 ,?is 0 p]haps ! ,joseph ( ! ,biblical acc\nt4 ,is !re any evid5ce t ,joseph compla9$ because ( ! inju/ice ( 8 bro!rs8 ,by loyal att5tion to 8 duties he made himself indisp5sable to 8 ,egyptian ma/]4 ,a great temptation came to him 9 ! new home4 ,:at influ5ces l$ him to resi/ ?is temptation8 ,analyze 8 probable motives 9 detail4 ,! great inju/ice :i* he suff]$ & ! seem+ mis=tune prov$ 9 turn a new door ( opportunity1 b ?is w\ld n h be5 ! case _h n ,joseph =gott5 8 own p]sonal wrongs & giv5 himself to ! s]vice ( 8 fell[-prison]s4 ,0 ! prosp]ity :i* g5]ally att5d$ ,joseph a miracul\s gift or ! natural consequ5ces ( 8 c\rage\s1 helpful _s & 8 skill 9 mak+ ! be/ ( e situation8 ,9 mod]n life z 9 ! anci5t /ory1 ! place usually seeks ! man :o is fitt$ to fill x4 ,! ev] recurr+ compla9t ( employ]s is ! sc>city ( good m51 especially ( m5 able to ex]cise discretion 9 positions ( responsibility4 ,0 x ,joseph's skill 9 int]pret+ ,ph>aoh's dreams1 or 8 wise c\nsel 9 sugge/+ me?ods ( provid+ = ! p dur+ fam9e t gave him 8 position ( high tru/ & au?ority8 ,0 ! policy :i* made ,ph>aoh practical own] ( all ! l& fir/ in/itut$ by ,joseph1 or 0 x already 9 =ce 9 ,egypt8 7,hi/4 ,bible1 ,i1 #acc47 ,9 ! ?\ght ( ! prophetic n>rative1 0 ,joseph's fiscal sy/em reg>d$ z evid5ce ( 8 loyalty to 8 ma/] r ?an ( disloyalty to ! int]e/s ( ! p8 ,0 ! sy/em suit$ to t /age & k9d ( civilization8 ,c ?is be cit$ by ,sociali/s to-day z a valid argum5t 9 favor ( public own]%ip ( all l&8 ,if n1 :y n8 ,?ree pr9ciples1 illu/rat$ by ,joseph's life1 are true to all "t3 7#a7 ,! only successful way to =get "o's own burd5s is to help be> ano!r's2 7#b7 ,god makes all ?+s "w toge!r = good to ^? t love him2 7#c7 he alone :o improves ! small opportunities w n miss ! great *ances ( life4 ,,iv4 ,,! ,,temptations ,,( ,,success4 ,mod]n life1 & especially t 9 ,am]ica to-day1 is full ( illu/rations ( ! ov]:elm+ temptations :i* come to ! man :o has _h great success4 ,_m a man has enjoy$ ! confid5ce & respect ( 8 associates until 8 abilities h won = him l>ge weal? ) :i* app>5tly comes at times a mislead+ s5se ( immunity f ! ord9>y moral obligations4 ,! result has be5 t ! /]l+ virtues :i* h enabl$ him to w9 success h be5 quickly und]m9$ & 8 public & private acts h become ! !me ( ! public press4 ,in/ead ( be+ an honor he has become a disgrace to 8 nation4 ,joseph's sudd5 rise to p[] surpass$ any?+ told 9 ! ,arabian ,nights' ,tales1 & yet he rema9$ ! same simple1 unaffect$ man1 m ?\ghtful = ano!r's int]e/s ?an = 8 own4 ,! supreme te/ came 9 8 contact ) 8 bro!rs1 :o _h insult$ & cruelly wrong$ him4 ,!y 7 completely at 8 m]cy & he _h abundant reason = ignor+ ! obligations ( k9%ip4 ,did ,joseph hide 8 cup 9 ,b5jam9's sack & lat] hold him z a ho/age 9 ord] to puni% 8 bro!rs or to te/ _! honor & fidelity8 ,0 ?is action wise8 ,did ! bro!rs /& ! te/8 ,no class 0 reg>d$ by ! ,egyptians ) great] scorn & contempt ?an ! %eph]ds to :om !y entru/$ _! flocks1 because ! task ( h]d+ %eep 0 reg>d$ z too m5ial = an ,egyptian4 ,! public recognition ( 8 %eph]d k9sm51 !re=e1 reveal$ 9 ,joseph ! noble/ & mo/ c\rage\s qualities4 ,:y is su* loyalty a prim>y obligation8 ,is x to-day reg>d$ by all ?\ghtful m5 z "o ( ! cle>e/ evid5ces ( a /rong "*8 ,c y give any mod]n illu/rations1 p]haps among y\r acqua9tances8 ,:at is a snob8 ,did ,joseph leave undone any act :i* loyalty to 8 k9sm5 c\ld prompt8 ,is ,joseph's "* z portray$ by ! prophetic acc\nt practically p]fect8 ,( ! ?ree *>act]s1 ,abraham1 ,jacob & ,joseph1 :i* (f]s m practical sugge/ions to ! man ( to-day8 ,:i* has ex]t$ ! mo/ p[]ful influ5ce ^u ! ideals & conduct ( ! human race8 ,v4 ,,! ,,/&>ds ,,( ,,real ,,success4 ,x is natural & inevitable t ! v>i\s social classes ( ea* succe$+ g5]ation %\ld def9e _! /&>ds ( success concretely1 t is1 by ! lives & a*ievem5ts ( ^? :o h done great ?+s4 ,9 c]ta9 social gr\ps ! _w's *ampion prize fight] is ! beau ideal ( success4 ,among ! ,camorri/s ( ,italy t ideal is ! successful blackmail]4 ,9 _m sections ( our great cities ! p[]ful w>d boss1 :atev] be 8 me?ods1 is reg>d$ z ! embodim5t ( success4 ,too (t5 9 ,am]ica to-day1 bo? 9 ! public press & 9 ! public m9d1 ! multi-millionaire is reg>d$ z ! pre-em95tly successful man4 ,al?\gh ! p[] to amass weal? is evid5ce ( m>k$ ability1 ! homage paid to x is "o ( ! mo/ s9i/] t5d5cies 9 ,am]ican life4 ,ord9>ily x means t ! ambitions & a*ievem5ts ( a ,jacob1 r ?an ^? ( a ,joseph1 are set be=e ! y\? z ! supreme goal = :i* to /rive4 ,a mo/ hopeful elem5t 9 ! pres5t situation is t _m ( ! _w's weal?ie/ m5 are proclaim+ _! s5se ( responsibility to society 9 ways bo? practical & impressive4 ,f> m significant ?an _! actual gifts is ?is public decl>ation t ea* man is inde$ 8 bro!r's keep]1 & t no man has a "r to use 8 weal? simply = 8 own pleasure4 ,leonidas & 8 fe>less patriotic foll[]s at ,!rmopylae left an impress ^u ,greek life & "* t did n fade = c5turies4 ,! _s ( ,rob]t ,bruce /ill l+]s among ! crags & hea!r-clad hills ( ,scotl&4 ,! patriotic devotion ( ,g>ibaldi has imp>t$ a new "* to ! ,italian race4 ,two hundr$ million ( ! _w's inhabitants /ill be> ! impr9t ( ! fi]y fai? & fanaticism ( ,mahomet4 ,am]ica is ri* 9 its memories ( ! a*ievem5ts ( su* z ,wa%+ton1 ,l9coln1 ,morse1 ,bee*] & ,em]son4 ,:at *>act]s 9 all hi/ory seem to y ! be/ examples ( real success8 ,:at m5 & wom5 9 ! pres5t g5]ation8 ,h[ c ! great majority ( ! boys & girls & ! m5 & wom5 ( to-day be l$ to accept ^? high] ideals ( success :i* are ! lode/ones draw+ on ! race to high] a*ievem5t8 ,,vi4 ,,! ,,me?ods ,,( ,,success4 ,! /ory is told ( ! late ,presid5t ,g>field t 9 ! heat ( a political campaign "o ( 8 lieut5ants sugge/$ t he adopt an exce$+ly que/ionable policy4 ,:5 ,mr4 ,g>field object$1 8 lieut5ant repli$1 ,no "o w "k x4 ,b ,i %all "k1 0 ! quick reply4 --,to ?9e own self be true1 ,& x mu/ foll[1 z ! night ! day1 ,?\ can/ n !n be false to any man4 --,hamlet1 ,act ,i1 ,sc4 #c4 ,weal? & p[] are wor?y goals = :i* to /rive4 ,"o ( ! fir/ duties ( a political p>ty is to capture ! (fices1 = )\t !m 9 its p[] x _c c>ry out ! pr9ciples = :i* x /&s4 ,! possession ( weal? repres5ts va/ possibilities = s]vice4 ,?\s&s ( tragic exp]im5ts h demon/rat$1 h[ev]1 ! fallacy ( ! s$uctive doctr9e t ! end ju/ifies ! means4 ,! trag$y t ov]%ad[s _m ( ! seem+ly mo/ successful m5 ( to-day is ! memory ( ! iniquit\s me?ods :]eby !y h acquir$ weal? or m\nt$ to p[]4 ,lavi% philan?ropy & ! b5efic5t use ( p[] c nev] :olly blot out f ! public m9d or f ! m9d ( ! successful man ! memory ( c]ta9 que/ionable acts t at ! "t seem$ ess5tial to ! realization ( a great policy4 ,a ke51 well-in=m$ /ud5t ( mod]n economic conditions has ass]t$ t no man c succe$ 9 bus9ess life today & rema9 true to ! tea*+s ( ,jesus4 ,is ?is true8 ,is x true 9 pr(essional life8 ,is x true 9 politics8 ,"o ( our mo/ prom95t /atesm5 has said t he w\ld h f\nd x impossible to succe$ & ma9ta9 8 indep5d5ce if he _h be5 compell$ to e>n 8 liv+4 ,he w\ld h be5 compell$ ei!r to yield to ! boss or quit politics4 ,:o are "s ( ! m5 9 public life :o are ga9+ success & yet ma9ta9+ ,*ri/ian pr9ciples8 ,if ! ultimate ideal ( real success is s]vice1 is !re any o!r way 9 :i* m5 may obta9 success8 ,is ?is true ( e dep>tm5t ( human ef=t8 ,does ?is pr9ciple make x possible = e man1 h[ev] limit$ 8 ability & opportunities1 to atta9 real success8 ,que/ions = ,fur!r ,consid]ation4 ,h[ w\ld y def9e g5ius8 ,edison call$ x #b ( inspiration & #ih ( p]spiration4 7,b see ,james1 ,talks to ,tea*]s47 ,is ! *ief diff]5ce betwe5 ! successful & ! unsuccessful man ! ability to recognize & seize opportunities8 ,w\ld ,joseph's policy 9 deal+ ) ,ph>aoh's subjects meet ) public approval to-day8 ,c\ld ,joseph h succe$$ z well 9 a republic8 ,does ,joseph's l& policy ju/ify ! s+le tax8 ,or s]fdom su* z ,joseph c\nt5anc$8 ,:at place does loyalty to humble fri5ds & k9sm5 take 9 ! mak+ ( great & noble *>act]s8 ,w\ld y say t ! ultimate /&>d ( all real success is s]vice8 ,w\ld x be wise = ! /ate to en=ce s]vice = ! public good by a heavy1 progressive inh]itance tax8 ,:at ju/ification is !re = su* a modification ( ,joseph's l& policy1 z ! s+le tax8 7,see ,george1 ,progress & ,pov]ty2 ,seligman1 ,essays on ,taxation1 #fd-id47 ,d y ?9k t a man e>n+ 8 own liv+ c expect to-day to succe$ 9 politics & ma9ta9 8 self-respect z an indep5d5t ?9k]8 ,subjects = ,fur!r ,/udy4 7#a7 ,! ,orig9 & ,lit]>y ,=m ( ! ,joseph ,n>ratives4 ,k5t1 ,/ud5t's ,o4 ,t4 ,i1 #abf-abg2 ,ha/+s1 ,dict4 ,bible ,,ii1 #gfg-gfi2 ,smi?1 ,o4 ,t4 ,hi/ory1 #ed-ee4 7#b7 ,contempor>y ,p>allels to ! ,joseph ( ! ,biblical ,n>ratives4 ,ha/+s' ,dict4 ,bible ,,ii1 #ggb-gge4 7#c7 ,comp>e & ,contra/ ! ,a*ievem5ts ( ,joseph1 ,bism>ck & ,cecil ,rhodes4 ,,/udy ,,viii ,,! ,,tra9+ ,,( ,a ,,/atesman4 ,,moses ,,9 ,,egypt ,,& ,,! ,,wild]ness4--,,ex4 #a3a2 #g3e4 ,p>allel ,read+s4 ,goodn[1 ,f4 ,j41 ,comp>ative ,adm9i/rative ,law4 ,hi/4 ,bible ,i1 #aea-fi4 ,& he w5t out on ! foll[+ day & saw two m5 ( ! ,hebrews /riv+ toge!r2 & he said to ! "o :o 0 do+ ! wrong1 ,:y d y smite y\r fell[-workman8 ,b he repli$1 ,:o made y a pr9ce & a judge ov] u8 ,d y int5d to kill me z y kill$ ! ,egyptian8 ,!n ,moses 0 afraid & said1 ,surely ! ?+ is kn[n4 ,:51 !re=e1 ,ph>aoh he>d ?is ?+1 he s\ght to him ,moses4 ,b ,moses fl$ f ! pres5ce ( ,ph>aoh & took up 8 abode 9 ! l& ( ,midian4 ,& ,jehovah said1 ,i h surely se5 ! affliction ( my p t are 9 ,egypt1 & h he>d _! cry ( angui%1 because ( _! taskma/]s1 = ,i "k _! sorr[s2 & ,i am come d[n to deliv] !m out ( ! p[] ( ! ,egyptians1 & to br+ !m up out ( t l& to a l&1 beautiful & broad1 to a l& fl[+ ) milk & honey2 ,g & ga!r ! eld]s ( ,israel toge!r & say to !m1 ,jehovah1 ! ,god ( y\r fa!rs1 ! ,god ( ,abraham1 ,isaac & ,jacob1 ha? appe>$ to me1 say+1 ,i h surely visit$ y1 & se5 t :i* is done to y 9 ,egypt1 & ,i h said ,i w br+ y up out ( ! affliction ( ,egypt to a l& fl[+ ) milk & honey4 ,& !y %all he>k5 to ?y voice2 & ?\ %alt come1 toge!r ) ! eld]s ( ,israel1 to ! k+ ( ,egypt1 & ye %all say to him1 ,jehovah1 ! ,god ( ! ,hebrews1 ha? appe>$ to u2 & n[ let u g1 we pray !e1 ?ree days' j\rney into ! wild]ness1 t we may sacrifice to ,jehovah our ,god4--,hi/4 ,bible4 ,hold on2 hold fa/3 hold out--pati5ce is g5ius4 ,let u h fai? t "r makes might1 & 9 t fai? let u d>e to d our duty z we und]/& x4--,l9coln4 ,i4 ,,! ,,egyptian ,,backgr\nd ,,( ,,! ,,bondage4 ,! "o contempor>y ref]5ce to ,israel ?us f> f\nd 9 ! ,egyptian inscriptions comes f ! reign ( ,m]neptah ! son ( ,ramses ,,ii4 ,x implies t at ! "t at lea/ "p ( ! ,hebrews 7 9 ! l& ( ,pale/9e3 ,plund]$ is ,canaan ) e evil2 ,askalon is c>ri$ into captivity1 ,gez] is tak52 ,y5oam is annihilat$1 ,israel is desolat$1 h] se$ is n1 ,pale/9e has become a wid[ = ,egypt4 ,all l&s are unit$1 !y are pacifi$4 ,e "o :o is turbul5t has be5 f\nd by ,k+ ,m]neptah4 ,! te/imony ( ! olde/ ,biblical n>ratives reg>d+ ! soj\rn ( ! ,hebrews 9 ,egypt is1 also1 9 p]fect accord ) ! picture :i* ! contempor>y ,egyptian inscriptions give ( ! p]iod4 ,fur!rmore1 ! ,egyptian hi/orians nev] di/+ui%$ ! diff]5t races 9 _! mid/1 b r designat$ ! =eign s]f class by a common "n4 ,! abs5ce ( detail$ ref]5ce to ! ,hebrews is !re=e p]fectly natural4 ,x seems probable t n all b only "p ( ! tribes :i* ultimately coalesc$ into ! ,hebrew nation f\nd _! way to ,egypt4 ,! /ories reg>d+ ,joseph1 ! traditional fa!r ( ,ephraim & ,manasseh1 imply t ^! /rong c5tral tribes1 possibly toge!r ) ! s\!rn tribes ( ,b5jam9 & ,judah1 7 ! *ief actors 9 ?is op5+ sc5e 9 ,israel's hi/ory4 ,! ,biblical n>ratives app>5tly disagree reg>d+ ! duration ( ! soj\rn 9 ,egypt4 ,! ref]5ce 9 ,g54 #ae3af1 :i*1 "s writ]s ?9k1 comes f ! nor!rn ,israelite gr\p ( /ories1 implies t x 0 a p]iod ( betwe5 "o hundr$ & "o hundr$ & fifty ye>s4 ,! same duration is sugge/$ by ! prie/ly writ] 9 ,numb]s #bf3eg-ei4 ,! lat] traditions t5d to ext5d ! p]iod4 ,if1 z seems probable1 ! ,hebrews fir/ f\nd _! way to ,egypt dur+ ! reign ( ,am5hotep ,,iv1 :o reign$ betwe5 #acge & #aceh ,b4,c41 ! old] ,hebrew *ronology w\ld make ,ramses ,,ii1 :o reign$ betwe5 #abib & #abbe1 ! ,ph>aoh ( ! oppression4 ,( all ! ,ph>aohs ( ?is p]iod 9 ,egypt's hi/ory ! great build] & organiz] ,ramses ,,ii corresponds mo/ closely to ! ,biblical description4 ,he x 0 :o fill$ ,egypt f "o end to ! o!r ) va/ temples & o!r build+s :i* c\ld h be5 re>$ only ?r\gh ! s]vices ( a huge army ( s]fs4 ,! excavations ( ! ,egypt ,exploration fund h id5tifi$ ! ,biblical ,pi?om ) c]ta9 ru9s 9 ! ,wady ,tumilat ne> ! ea/]n t]m9us ( ! mod]n railroad f ,cairo to ! ,suez ,canal4 ,?is probably lay 9 ! ea/]n b\nd>y ( ! ,biblical l& ( ,go%51 :i* seems to h includ$ ! ,wady ,tumilat & to h ext5d$ we/w>d to ! ,nile delta4 ,"h 7 f\nd sev]al inscriptions be>+ ! ,egyptian "n ( ! city ,p-,atum1 h\se ( ! god ,atum4 ,! excavations also laid b>e a great squ>e brick wall ) ! ru9s ( /ore *amb]s inside4 ,^! rectangul> *amb]s 7 ( v>i\s sizes & 7 surr\nd$ by walls two or ?ree y>ds 9 ?ickness4 ,contempor>y inscriptions indicate t !y 7 fill$ ) gra9 f ! top & 7 probably us$ = ! /or+ ( supplies to be us$ by ! armies ( ,ramses ,,ii 9 _! ,asiatic campaigns4 ,?is city 0 f\nd$ by ,ramses ,,ii1 :o dur+ ! fir/ tw5ty ye>s ( 8 reign1 develop$ & coloniz$ ! t]ritory ea/ ( ! ,nile delta includ+ ! ,biblical l& ( ,go%54 ,a contempor>y inscription also /ates t he f\nd$ ne> ,pi?um ! h\se ( ,ramses1 a city ) a royal resid5ce & temples4 ,?us ! inf]5ces 9 ! fir/ *apt] ( ,exodus reg>d+ ! hi/orical backgr\nd are 9 p]fect accord ) ! facts n[ kn[n f o!r s\rces reg>d+ ! reign ( ,ramses ,,ii4 ,9 trans=m+ ! l& ( ,go%5 into a cultivat$1 agricultural region ! nomadic ,hebrews 7 naturally put to task "w by ! /rong-h&$ rul] ( ,egypt4 ,t ! ,hebrews 7 re/ive "u ?is tyranny 0 natural1 inevitable4 ,app>5tly _! rebelli\s attitude also increas$ ! burd5 :i* 0 plac$ ^u !m4 ,! memory ( ! cru%+ ,hyksos invasion1 :i* meant ! rule ( ,egypt by nomadic invad]s f ,asia1 0 /ill fre% 9 ! m9ds ( ! ,egyptians4 ,!y bo? look$ d[n ^u & fe>$ ! nomad immigrants on _! ea/]n bord]4 ,9 ! light ( ^! facts x is possible to und]/& ! motives :i* influ5c$ ,ramses ,,ii cruelly to oppress ! ,hebrews4 ,he endeavor$1 by =c$ labor & rigor\s peonage1 n only to avail himself ( _! ne$$ s]vices1 b also to cru% _! _s & by =ce to hold 9 subjection ! al>m+ly l>ge s]f class :i* 0 f\nd at ?is "t 9 ! l& ( ,egypt4 ,0 any o!r proc$ure to be expect$ f a despotic rul] ( t l& & day8 ,,ii4 ,,! ,,mak+ ,,( ,a ,,loyal ,,patriot4 ,! /ory ( ,moses' bir? & e>ly *ildhood is "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ *apt]s 9 ,biblical hi/ory4 ,x is full ( human & dramatic int]e/4 ,! great crisis 9 ,moses' e>ly manhood came :5 he woke to a realization ( 8 k9%ip ) ! despis$ & oppress$ s]fs & an appreciation ( ! cruel inju/ice ( :i* !y 7 ! helpless victims4 ,0 ,moses ju/ifi$ 9 resi/+ ! ,egyptian taskma/]8 ,are numb]s ess5tial to ! rightness ( a cause8 ,:at "r _h ,ramses ,,ii to dem& =c$ labor f ! immigrants )9 8 bord]8 ,0 he ju/ifi$ 9 8 me?od ( exact+ tribute8 ,is peonage always disa/r\s n only to its victims b also to ! gov]nm5t impos+ x8 ,did ,moses %[ himself a c[>d 9 flee+ f ! l& ( ,egypt8 ,naturally he w5t to ! l& ( ,midian4 ,! wild]ness to ! ea/ ( ,egypt _h = c5turies be5 ! place ( refuge = ,egyptian fugitives4 ,f ab\t #bjjj ,b4,c4 !re comes ! ,egyptian /ory ( ,s9uhit1 an ,egyptian pr9ce1 :o1 to save 8 life1 fl$ ea/w>d pa/ ! ,wall ( ! ,pr9ces :i* gu>d$ ! nor!a/]n fronti] ( ,egypt4 ,on ! bord]s ( ! wild]ness he f\nd c]ta9 ,b$\9 h]dsm5 :o receiv$ him hospitably4 ,^! s& w&]]s s5t him on f tribe to tribe until he rea*$ ! l& ( ,k$em1 ea/ ( ! ,dead ,sea1 :]e he rema9$ = a ye> & a half4 ,lat] he f\nd 8 way to ! c\rt ( "o ( ! local k+s 9 c5tral ,pale/9e :]e he m>ri$ & became 9 "t a prosp]\s local pr9ce4 ,,iii4 ,,! ,,s*ool ,,( ,,! ,,wild]ness4 ,! /ory ( ,moses is 9 _m ways closely p>allel to t ( ,s9uhit4 ,among ! ,midianite tribes liv+ to ! s\? & s\!a/ ( ,pale/9e he f\nd refuge & g5]\s hospitality4 ,! prie/ ( ! sub-tribe ( ! ,k5ites receiv$ him into 8 home & gave him 8 daught] 9 m>riage4 ,note ! *>act]i/ic ,ori5tal idea ( m>riage4 ,"h ,moses le>n$ ! lessons t 7 ess5tial = 8 tra9+ z ! lead] & deliv]] ( 8 p4 ,! ,k5ites figure 9 lat] ,hebrew hi/ory z wor%ipp]s ( ,jehovah & are frequ5tly associat$ ) ! ,israelites4 ,aft] ! capture ( ,j]i*o c]ta9 ( !m w5t up ) ! s\!rn tribes to conqu] s\!rn ,pale/9e4 7,judg4 #a3af47 ,x 0 ,jael1 ! wife ( ,heb] ! ,k5ite 7,judg4 #e3bd71 :o r5d]$ ! ,hebrews a signal s]vice by slay+ ,sis]a1 ! flee+ k+ ( ! ,canaanites1 aft] ! memorable battle beside ! ,riv] ,ki%on4 ,_m mod]n s*ol>s draw ! conclusion f ! ,biblical n>rative t x 0 f ! ,k5ites t ,moses fir/ le>n$ ( ,yahweh 7or1 z ! di/9ctive "n ( ,israel's ,god 0 translat$ by lat] ,jewi% scribes1 ,jehovah74 ,fur!rmore x is sugge/$ t gratitude to ! new ,god1 :o deliv]$ ! ,israelites f _! bondage1 0 ! reason :y !y prov$ on ! :ole s loyal to ,jehovah4 ,?is conclusion is possible & 9 _m ways attractive1 b x is beset ) s]i\s difficulties4 ,we "k1 9 anci5t hi/ory1 ( no o!r example ( a p sudd5ly *ang+ _! religion4 ,:5 !re h be5 su* sudd5 & :olesale conv]sions 9 lat] times !y h be5 ei!r "u ! compulsion ( ! sword1 z 9 ! hi/ory ( ,islam1 or "u ! influ5ce ( a f> high] religion1 z :5 ,*ri/ianity has be5 c>ri$ to hea!n peoples on a l[ /age ( civilization4 ,d ! e>lie/ ,hebrew traditions imply t ! ance/ors ( ! ,israelites 7 wor%ipp]s ( ,jehovah8 ,is x n probable t ,moses fl$ to ! nomadic ,midianites n only because !y 7 k9sm5 b because !y 7 also wor%ipp]s ( ,jehovah8 ,9 any case ,moses' life 9 ,midian t5d$ to int5sify 8 fai? 9 ,jehovah4 ,! title ( 8 fa!r-9-law implies t ?is prie/ m9i/]$ at "s wild]ness sanctu>y4 ,9 ! light ( ! subsequ5t ,biblical n>rative 0 ?is possibly at ! sacr$ spr+ ( ,kade% or on ! top ( ! holy m\nta9 ,horeb 7else:]e call$ ,s9ai7 :]e ,k5ites & ,hebrews believ$ t ,jehovah dwelt1 or at lea/ manife/$ himself8 ,moses1 9 ! home ( ! ,midian prie/1 0 br\ght into direct & con/ant contact ) ! ,jehovah wor%ip4 ,! cruel fate ( 8 p & ! pa9ful exp]i5ce 9 ,egypt t _h driv5 him into ! wild]ness prep>$ 8 m9d to receive ?is tra9+4 ,8 que/ 0 = a j & /rong ,god1 able to deliv] ! oppress$4 ,! wild]ness ) its lurk+ foes & ! ev]-pres5t dread ( hung] & ?ir/1 deep5$ 8 s5se ( ne$ & ( dep5d5ce ^u a p[] able to guide ! de/9ies ( m54 ,! peasants ( ! va/ ,antolian pla9 9 c5tral ,asia ,m9or /ill call e life-giv+ spr+1 ,god ha? giv54 ,! con/ant necessity ( meet+ ! dang]s ( ! wild]ness & ( def5d+ ! flocks entru/$ to ,moses' c>e develop$ 8 c\rage & p[] ( lead]%ip & action4 ,:at o!r great lead]s ( ,israel 7 tra9$ 9 ?is same s*ool8 ,:at 0 ! effect ( _! wild]ness life ^u ! e>ly ,new ,engl& pione]s8 ,,iv4 ,,moses' ,,call ,,to ,,public ,,s]vice4 ,! solitude ( ! wild]ness gave ,moses ample opportunity = pr(\nd reflection4 ,8 previ\s exp]i5ces made su* reflection natural1 inde$ inevitable4 ,borne by ! c>avans ov] ! great highway f ! l& ( ! ,nile or f des]t tribe to tribe came occasional reports ( ! cruel inju/ice to :i* 8 k9sm5 9 ,egypt 7 subject$4 ,9 ^! reports he recogniz$ ! div9e call to duty4 ,:5 p]haps at la/ ! report came t ! mighty despot ,ramses ,,ii 0 dead1 ,moses l 8 lat] successor ,isaiah 7,is4 #f7 saw t ! mom5t _h come = decision & action4 ,x looks to _m s*ol>s z if ?ree orig9ally di/9ct v]sions ( ,moses' call h be5 weld$ toge!r 9 ! n>rative ( ,exodus #c1 #d & #f4 ,ea* diff]s 9 reg>d to detail 7,hi/4 ,bible ,i1 #afa-e74 ,accord+ to ! e>ly ,judean prophetic acc\nt ,jehovah spoke audibly to ,moses f ! flam+ ?orn bu%4 ,9 ! ,nor!rn ,israelite v]sion ! mom5t ( decision came to him z he /ood ) 8 flock on ! sacr$ m\nta9 ,horeb4 ,l ,isaiah 9 8 memorable vision ( ,jehovah's pres5ce1 ! inn] consci\sness ( ,god & ! compell+ s5se ( duty l$ him to cry out3 ,"h am ,i4 ,likewise 9 ! late prie/ly /ory ,god's pres5ce & "* 7 s deeply impress$ ^u him t he seem$ to be> an audible voice1 accord+ to ! view ( ^? :o accept ?is int]pretation1 ev5 ?\gh ! lat] prie/s believ$ & taught t ,god 0 a _s1 n l man clo!d 9 fle% & blood4 ,?us ! diff]5t gr\ps ( ,hebrew n>ratives 9 _! *>act]i/ic way record ! ess5tial facts 9 ,moses' call to public s]vice4 ,ea* has pres]v$ c]ta9 important elem5ts 9 t call1 & ! late editor has done well to comb9e !m4 ,ev5 z ,isaiah caught 8 supreme vision ( ,jehovah & ( duty 9 ! temple1 s to ,moses ! prophetic call probably came on ! l(ty heights ( ! m\nta9 9 :i* he1 9 common ) ! ,k5ites1 believ$ ,god dwelt4 ,! wild]ness ) its flam+ bu% spoke to him ,god's message4 ,rec5t writ]s h felt & =cibly int]pret$ ! fasc9ation & ! message ( ! des]t & pla91 none m vividly ?an ! ,wel% writ] ,rhoscomyl 9 describ+ ! exp]i5ce ( "o ( 8 r\gh1 self-reliant c[boy h]oes3 ,two days ago he 0 rid+ back1 alone1 9 ! aft]noon1 f an unsuccessful se>* aft] /ray$ horses1 & sudd5ly1 all 9 ! lift+ ( a ho(1 ! weird prairie _h gleam$ into e]ie life1 _h dropp$ ! veil & spok5 to him2 :ile ! breeze /opp$1 & ! sun /ood /ill = a fla% 9 wait+ = 8 answ]4 ,& he1 8 he>t 9 a grip ( ice1 ! froz5 fle% a-crawl ) t]ror ^u 8 loos5$ bones1 :ite-lipp$ & wide-ey$ ) frantic fe>1 utt]$ a yell ( horror z he da%$ ! spurs into 8 panic-/rick5 horse1 9 a mad endeavor to escape f ! ,awful ,pres5ce t fill$ all e>? & sky f edge to edge ( vision4 ,!n almo/ 9 ! same fla%1 ! une>?ly light di$ out ( ! dim prairie1 ! veil swept across into place aga92 & he manag$ to *eck 8 wild flight1 & look ab\t him4 ,8 empty lips 7 gibb]+ )\t a s\nd escap+ !m1 & 8 v he>t %iv]$ ) cold1 = all ! brassy heat ( ! day4 ,b ! breeze 0 w&]+ on aga92 "u ! great sun ! prairie spread dim to ! s\?we/1 & tawny to ! nor!a/2 only betwe5 8 own loose knees ! horse trembl$ 9 e limb1 & mumbl$ ! bit ) dry m\?4 ,all 0 z be=e 9 e>? & sky1 app>5tly1 b n 9 8 own self4 ,x 0 z if 8 _s /ood ap>t f him1 putt+ que/ions :i* he c\ld n answ]1 & dem&+ judgm5t ^u problems :i* he d>e n reason out4 ,!n he rememb]$ :at ?is ?+ 0 :i* _h happ5$4 ,! prairie _h spok5 to him1 z soon] or lat] x spoke to mo/ m5 t rode x4 ,x 0 a some?+ well kn[n among/ !m1 b kn[n )\t words1 & z by a subtle in/9ct1 = no man :o _h exp]i5c$ x ev] spoke will+ly ab\t x aft]w>ds4 ,only ! man w\ld be *ang$2 "s began to be m reckless1 z if a dumb blasphemy rankl$ hidd5 9 _! brea/s4 ,o!rs1 com+ ) great] /r5g? p]haps to ! ordeal1 became quiet]1 look+ squ>ely at any dang] z !y face x1 b cont9u+ ahead z ?\gh quietly confid5t t no?+ happ5$ save z ! gods orda9$4 ,! motive p[] 9 all ( ,moses' lat] "w 0 t trans=m+1 vivid s5se ( ,jehovah's pres5ce t came to him on ! b>r5 m\nta9 peak4 ,also fundam5tal to 8 call 0 ! recognition ( ! cry+ ne$ ( 8 disorganiz$1 oppress$ k9sm5 9 ,egypt4 ,?is appeal$ to all ! in/9cts begott5 by 8 %eph]d tra9+2 = !y 7 a %eph]dless flock 9 ! mid/ ( wolves4 ,?r\gh ! ages ! inhabitants ( ! p>*$1 /ony wild]ness _h look$ ) hungry eyes ^u ! tree-clad hills & gre5 fields ( ,pale/9e4 ,! e>ly traditions ( 8 ance/ors also glorifi$ ?is p>adise ( ! wild]ness w&]] & l$ ,moses to look to x z ! hav5 ( refuge to :i* he might lead 8 helpless k9sm54 ,vividly & concretely ! anci5t n>rative tells ( ! /ruggle 9 ! m9d ( ,moses betwe5 8 own diffid5ce & consci\sness ( 8 limitations on ! "o side & on ! o!r 8 s5se ( duty & ! realization ( ,jehovah's p[] to accompli% :at seem$ to man miracul\s4 ,0 ,moses' inn] exp]i5ce l t ( ! o!r great ,hebrew prophets8 ,:o8 ,l t ( ,jesus8 ,does e man :o und]takes a great s]vice = humanity to-day pass ?r\gh a some:at simil> /ruggle8 ,h[ ab\t ,grant on leav+ 8 home at ,gal5a1 ,ill9ois8 ,l9coln at ! great crisis ( 8 life8 ,v4 ,,! ,,education ,,( ,,public ,,op9ion4 ,l e man :o cat*es a vision ( a great ne$ & und]takes to meet x1 ,moses _h to educate public op9ion4 ,:atev] ! =m ( gov]nm5t may be1 :e!r mon>*y or democracy1 x mu/ ultimately re/ ^u ! w ( ! p1 & ! %ap+ ( t w is (t5 a /atesman's task4 ,9 a democracy ! expression ( ! p's w is readily det]m9$ at e election1 al?\gh 9 _m cases1 ow+ to ! numb] ( issues1 ?is result is n cle>ly se54 ,9 a despotism l ,egypt !re is no ready expression ( a p's w4 ,h[ev] great _! suff]+s1 !y mu/ endure until !y feel t ! evils ( revolt are less ?an ! evils ( oppression4 ,!n1 by means ( a revolution1 !y c>ry out _! w4 ,9 :at ways did ! ,exodus resemble1 9 :at ways diff] f a revolution8 ,comp>e ,moses ) ,wa%+ton or ,samuel ,adams z lead] ( a revolution4 ,dur+ ! la/ few ye>s 9 ,*9a !re has be5 great dissatisfaction on ! "p ( _m millions ( ! p ) ! rule ( ! ,man*u dyna/y4 ,x 01 nev]!less1 = _m ye>s ! p's w r to endure ! evils ( a corrupt gov]nm5t ?an to take ! risk ( w>4 ,at l5g?1 h[ev]1 aft] ye>s ( propag&a by skilful lead]s w> appe>$ to !m ! less] evil & _! w 0 c>ri$ out by =ce ( arms4 ,! gov]nm5t1 9 ?is direct way1 0 =c$ to recognize ! w ( ! p & to grant _! reque/s4 ,a /atesman consid]s n m]ely 8 own views reg>d+ ! be/ me?ods ( gov]n+ 8 c\ntry or ( ga9+ special ends1 b he mu/ c>efully consid] also :at plans c 9 practice be c>ri$ out4 ,9 all free gov]nm5ts only ^? policies c be put into effect t meet ! approval ( ! p2 & "o ( ! greate/ gifts ( a /atesman is ! ability to asc]ta91 ) few mi/akes1 h[ f> 8 propos$ policies meet ! public w & h[ he c s put 8 plans be=e ! p z to conv9ce !m ( _! b5efits4 ,9 ! lat] days ( ! ,egyptian bondage ! ,israelites made frequ5t compla9t ( ! oppression ( ! ,ph>aohs1 bemoan+ _! fate z s]fs1 b = _m ye>s aft] _! suff]+s _h become sev]e !y _h n yet be5 r\s$ to a det]m9ation to ?r[ (f ! yoke ( ! oppressor4 ,ev5 :5 ,moses fir/ attempt$ to r\se !m to make a /ruggle = fre$om1 he c\ld n brea! into !m 8 own bold _s4 ,:at measures did ,moses take to incite ! ,israelites to action8 ,:at measures did he take to conv9ce ,ph>aoh ( 8 duty t[>d ! ,israelites8 ,did he pres5t 8 case tru?fully8 ,0 he ju/ifi$ 9 ! measures tak58 ,at l5g?1 n f ! acts ( ! ,israelites1 b f ! plagues t afflict$ ! ,egyptians & ! insi/5t dem& ( ,moses1 c\pl$ ) ! belief t ! plagues 7 s5t on acc\nt ( div9e displeasure1 z a puni%m5t = unju/ oppression1 ! ,hebrews 7 enabl$ to escape4 ,:at is ! contempor>y ,egyptian te/imony reg>d+ ! plagues8 7,hi/4 ,bible ,i1 #agf-g47 ,d ! e>lie/ ,hebrew records imply t ^! 7 miracles or natural calamities peculi> to ! l& ( ,egypt8 ,! /atesman%ip ( ,moses l$ him to seize ! opportune "t = free+ 8 p f bondage4 ,only ! influ5ce ( ! religi\s s5tim5ts among 8 p & _! belief 9 ,jehovah toge!r ) ! religi\s awe felt by ! ,egyptian rul]s1 enabl$ him to take advantage ( ! circum/ances s t he c\ld rescue 8 p4 ,9 mo/ c\ntries religion is a p[]ful influ5ce (t5 made use ( by rul]s1 sometimes = good1 sometimes = ill1 to direct ! action ( _! subjects4 ,! ,greek *ur* 9 ,russia has = _m decades be51 p]haps1 ! mo/ important weapon by :i* ! ,russian ,cz>s h kept _! p 9 peaceful submission4 ,if ,*9a loses h] ,mongolian prov9ces1 x w be because ! religi\s lead]s ( ,mongolia are controll+ _! p4 ,c y give 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates an example ( a p l>gely dom9at$ by ! religi\s motive :i* controls mo/ ( ! affairs ( _! e-day life8 ,h[ f> 0 ! religi\s motive responsible = ! settlem5t & upbuild+ ( ! ,new ,engl& ,colonies8 ,h[ f> & 9 :at ways may a /atesman to-day appeal to ! moral & religi\s feel+s ( ! p 9 ord] to promote national & int]national welf>e8 ,,vi4 ,,! ,,tra9+ ,,( ,,mod]n ,,/atesm54 ,9 tra9+ adm9i/rative (fic]s 9 ! lead+ c\ntries ( ,europe & 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 emphasis is laid ^u a k ( hi/ory1 ( con/itutional1 adm9i/rative & int]national law1 politics1 economics1 diplomacy & any o!r subjects t may fall )9 ! scope ( action ( ! special (ficial4 ,:51 h[ev]1 a law-mak] or a high adm9i/rative (ficial deals at fir/ h& ) a great population1 x is extremely important t he be s exp]i5c$ & s fitt$ by temp]am5t t he may "k 8 p4 ,he mu/ see h[ f> he c g )\t ar\s+ too mu* opposition4 ,ev5 9 promot+ good measures1 x is (t5 ess5tial n to g too fa/1 if he is to succe$4 ,e /atesman ( mod]n times1 z well z ^? ( bygone days1 mu/ h ! int]e/s ( ! p g5u9ely at he>t if he is to be1 9 ! be/ s5se ( ! ^w1 successful4 ,:at did ,moses seek = 8 p8 ,lib]ty8 ,prosp]ity8 ,religi\s fre$om8 ,confucius1 ! great ,*9ese sage1 f 8 /udy ( human nature & ( gov]nm5t five c5turies be=e ,*ri/1 _h le>n$ t ! rule ( ju/ice 9 ! /ate promot$ prosp]ity4 ,at l5g? a "y rul] made him 8 prime m9i/]4 ,! result ( 8 wise & j measures 0 to br+ into 8 c\ntry s l>ge a numb] ( immigrants :o pref]r$ to live 9 a c\ntry :]e ju/ice reign$1 t ! prosp]ity ar\s$ ! envy & ho/ility ( ! neighbor+ /ates4 ,9 consequ5ce measures 7 tak5 to put an end to ?is j rule1 :i* 0 felt to be s detrim5tal to o!r k+s1 unwill+ to adopt ! same j means4 ,f9ally ! wise ,confucius 0 trea*]\sly driv5 f 8 po/1 n1 h[ev]1 until he _h prov$ t ! c\nsels ( ju/ice & religion 7 ^? be/ suit$ to ! welf>e ( ! /ate4 ,?is is a common exp]i5ce 9 all l&s & ages2 b p]haps n[h]e else has ! lesson be5 s frequ5tly & s ?or\ghly taught z 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,hebrews1 t ! mo/ ess5tial factor 9 a /atesman's tra9+ is ! acceptance ( ! pr9ciples ( ju/ice & righte\sness4 ,9 o!r words--,god is ! mo/ important factor 9 human progress4 ,que/ions = ,fur!r ,consid]ation4 ,is x ! duty ( a gov]nm5t1 9 ord] to promote ! welf>e ( its p1 to set aside at times ! p]sonal conv5i5ce1 ev5 ! p]sonal welf>e ( individuals or ( c]ta9 classes8 ,if an inh]itance tax falls heavily ^u ! heirs ( a ri* man1 ought ! /ate to collect x8 ,on :at gr\nds is a /ate ju/ifi$ 9 )hold+ lib]ty f crim9als8 ,f *ildr58 ,_m ( our /ates compel citiz5s to "w 9 repair+ c\ntry roads4 ,is ?is tempor>y peonage8 ,h[ d y ju/ify a /ate 9 compell+ citiz5s to risk _! lives 9 w>8 ,9 :at circum/ances w\ld a /ate be ju/ifi$ 9 compell+ its citiz5s to labor8 ,did circum/ances ju/ify ,ph>aoh8 ,:y 7 he & 8 k+dom puni%$8 ,is x ev] "r1 = an individual to raise 8 h& aga9/ a recogniz$ & e/abli%$ au?ority8 ,or1 :5 !re is an e/abli%$ gov]nm5t1 %\ld an individual ev] attempt to puni% crime or av5ge p]sonal wrong8 ,7 our revolution>y =efa!rs "r 9 resi/+ ! dem&s ( ,k+ ,george8 ,are numb]s ess5tial to ! rightness ( a cause8 ,9 :at ways does ,god to-day call m5 to d an important task8 ,d y consid] ,l9coln a man rais$ up by ,god = a purpose & call$ by him to s]vice8 ,if s1 h[ did ! call come8 ,0 ,moses' call simil>8 ,%\ld a cl]gyman h a def9ite call to 8 life-"w8 ,%\ld e man8 ,does e man h su* a call1 if he b int]prets rightly 8 exp]i5ces8 ,a work+ girl _h se5 ! /ory ( ,moses at a mov+ picture %[4 ,aft]w>ds %e comm5t$ z foll[s3 ,our walk+ delegate is a regul> ,moses4 ,he said to ! factory boss1 ',y let my p g4' ,9 :at respect is ! labor /ruggle to-day simil> to t 9 ,egypt "u ,moses8 ,subjects = ,fur!r ,/udy4 7#a7 ,! ,egyptian ,sy/em ( ,education4 ,brea/$1 ,hi/4 ( ! ,anci5t ,egyptians1 #ib-id1 #cie2 ,hi/4 ( ,egypt1 #ih-ajj2 ,masp]o1 ,dawn ( ,civilization1 #bhh2 ,erman1 ,life ( ! ,anci5t ,egyptians1 #cbh-cfh4 7#b7 ,orig9 ( ! ,jehovah ,religion4 ,budde1 ,religion ( ,israel1 #a-ch2 ,gordon1 ,e>ly ,traditions ( ,g541 #ajf-aaj2 ,ha/+s1 ,dict4 ( ! ,bible1 ,extra ,vol4 #fbf-fbg4 7#c7 ,! ,practical ,tra9+ = ,/atesman%ip ( ,augu/us1 ,glad/one & ,l9coln4 ,plut>*1 ,lives ( ! ,emp]ors2 ,morley1 ,life ( ,glad/one2 ,a4 good ,biographical ,diction>y2 ,br[n1 ,! ,message ( ! ,mod]n ,pulpit4 7#d7 ,comp>e ! gov]nm5t ( ,egypt "u ,ph>aoh ) t 9 ,*9a 9 ! days ( ,confucius & ) t ( ,greece 9 ! days ( ! siege ( ,troy4 ,hom]1 ,iliad & ,odyssey2 ,life ( ,confucius4 ,,/udy ,,ix ,,! ,,orig9 ,,& ,,gr[? ,,( ,,law4 ,,moses' ,,"w ,,z ,,judge ,,& ,,prophet4--,ex4 #ah2 #a-bg2 #cc3e-aa4 ,p>allel ,ref]5ces4 ,hi/4 ,bible ,i1 #aih-bjc4 ,pr94 ( ,politics1 ,*4 ,,vi4 ,ma9e1 ,anci5t ,law4 ,jehovah spake to ,moses face to face1 z a man speake? unto 8 fri5d--,ex4 #cc3 #aa4 ,& ,moses *ose able m5 out ( all ,israel1 & made !m heads ov] ! p1 rul]s ( ?\s&s1 rul]s ( hundr$s1 rul]s ( fifties1 & rul]s ( t5s4 ,& !y judg$ ! p at all seasons3 ! h>d cases !y br\ght unto ,moses1 b e small matt] !y judg$ !mselves--,ex4 #ah3be1 #bf4 ,love is ! fulfill+ ( ! law4--,/4 ,paul4 ,n[ ?is is ! ,law ( ! ,jungle--z old & z true z ! sky2 ,& ! ,wolf t %all keep x may prosp]1 b ! ,wolf t %all break x mu/ die4 ,z ! creep] t girdles ! tree-trunk ! ,law runne? =w>d & back-- ,= ! /r5g? ( ! ,pack is ! ,wolf1 & ! /r5g? ( ! ,wolf is ! ,pack4 ,n[ ^! are ! ,laws ( ! ,jungle1 & _m & mighty are !y2 ,b ! head & ! ho( ( ! ,law & ! haun* & ! bump is ,obey6 --,kipl+4 ,no?+ is t errs f law4--,t5nyson4 ,9 va9 we call old notions fudge1 ,& b5d conv5tions to our deal+1 ,! ,t5 ,comm&m5ts w n budge1 ,& /eal+ /ill cont9ues /eal+4 --,l[ell4 ,if *os5 m5 c\ld nev] be alone1 ,9 deep mid-sil5ce1 op5-door$ ) ,god ,no greatness ev] _h be5 dream$ or done4 ,^! roots be> up ,dom9ion3 ,k1 ,w1-- ,^! twa9 are /rong1 b /rong] yet ! ?ird1-- ,ob$i5ce1--'tis ! great tap-root t /ill1 ,knit r\nd ! rock ( ,duty1 is n /irr$1 ,?\gh ,heav5-loos$ tempe/s sp5d _! utmo/ skill4 --,l[ell 7,! ,wa%]s ( ! ,%r\d74 ,i4 ,,! ,,ne$s ,,t ,,give ,,rise ,,to ,,law4 ,kipl+'s ,law ( ! ,jungle1 9 :i* he lays d[n ! pr9ciples by :i* ! wolf pack secur$ unit$ action 9 its hunt+1 names ! rules t apply almo/ univ]sally to peoples 9 ! savage /age ( society4 ,accord+ to ! rese>*es ( ! be/ an?ropologi/s1 savages live 9 v loosely organiz$ gr\ps1 ) no p]man5t rul]1 no regul> family law4 ,ea* sep>ate gr\p has its totem1 its g5]al rules ) ref]5ce to ! m>riage relation1 to hunt+ & fi%+1 to %elt] & protection4 ,practically !re are no regul> laws4 ,! rules fix$ by cu/om deal prim>ily ) ! m>riage relation & ) ! secur+ ( food & %elt]4 ,!y are l>gely negative4 ,if a memb] ( ! gr\p has met ) a mis=tune 9 a c]ta9 by-pa? or f eat+ c]ta9 food or 9 o!r ways1 by ! action ( ! lead] ( 8 gr\p t pa? or t food becomes taboo1 & f t "t on x is =bidd54 ,! rules seem g5]ally to be l>gely ! product ( in/9ct or ( exp]i5ce1 )\t any law mak+1 & !y are en=c$ almo/ z in/9ctively by ! common cons5t ( ! p4 ,,ii4 ,,! ,,gr[? ,,( ,,cu/om>y ,,law4 ,z ?is loosely associat$ gr\p cond5ses into ! tribe1 all ! memb]s ( :i* reg>d !mselves z desc5d$ f a common ance/or1 ! organization becomes mu* m def9ite "u a patri>*al rul]4 ,soon ?r\gh 8 activities ^! almo/ in/9ctive habits1 guid$ by rules1 assume ! nature ( cu/oms t h a sanction1 (t5 ( religion1 practically always ( en=cem5t ?r\gh ! patri>*4 ,no bett] illu/ration ( ! cry/allization ( cu/oms into laws c be f\nd ?an t giv5 9 ,exodus #ah3a-bg 7,hi/4 ,bible1 ,i1 #aih-bjb74 ,moses sat all day long z judge to decide cases = ! p until 8 practical-m9d$ fa!r-9-law1 ,je?ro1 see+ ! wa/e ( "t & en]gy ( ! rul] ^u :om ! welf>e ( ! tribe dep5d$1 propos$ a wise plan4 ,he advis$ t1 in/ead ( r5d]+ decisions reg>d+ ea* individual case1 ,moses %\ld =mulate ! pr9ciples & leave _! application to m9or judges appo9t$ by himself z rul]s ov] ?\s&s & ov] hundr$s & fifties & t5s4 ,9 mod]n days ! law-mak+ body is di/9ct f ! judicial4 ,is !re any reason :y ! judge %\ld n be ! mak] ( ! law he int]prets8 ,d\btless _m ( ! cu/oms ?us =mulat$ by ,moses _h come d[n ?r\gh ! prec$+ ages f ! ,babylonian & common ,semitic ance/ors ( ! ,hebrews4 ,! mo/ /rik+ example ( ! pre-,mosaic =mulation ( cu/om into law "u ! sanction ( ! deity is f\nd 9 ! s-call$ code ( ,hammurabi1 :i* comes f ab\t #aijj ,b4,c4 ,at ! top ( ! /ele :i* records ^! laws ?is enlight5$ k+ depict$ himself 9 a bas-relief z receiv+ !m f ! sun god1 ,%ama%4 ,hammurabi look$ ^u himself z a %eph]d *os5 by ! gods to c>e = 8 p4 ,x 0 8 duty to see t ! great %\ld n oppress ! weak1 to c\nsel ! wid[ & orphan1 to r5d] judgm5t & decide ! decisions ( ! l&1 & to succor ! injur$1 9 ord] t by ! comm& ( ,%ama%1 ! judge supreme ( heav5 & e>?1 ju/ice might %9e 9 ! l&4 ,_m ( ! pr9ciples laid d[n by him are also f\nd among ! laws attribut$ to ,moses :i* 7 aft]w>d codifi$ 9 ! e>ly decalogues4 ,at times1 ?\gh r>ely among ! ,hebrews1 we may /udy cu/om 9 ! mak+1 z :5 9 a new situation a rul] r5d]s a decision :i* h5ce=? becomes a law4 ,?us ,david1 divid+ ! spoil aft] 8 victory ov] ! ,amalekites1 e/abli%$ a prec$5t t h5ce=? _h b9d+ =ce ^u 8 foll[]s 7,i ,sam4 #cj72 b 9 ! majority ( su* cases ! rul]1 ev5 :5 be e/abli%es new prec$5ts1 repres5ts himself z simply int]pret+ anci5t cu/om4 ,z society becomes m & m complex & ! int]e/s ( individuals & classes 9 society cla%1 besides ! judges we f9d legislatures mak+ new rules 9 ! =m ( law4 ,9 ! e>li] communities practically all law relates to ! pres]vation ( life & ( ! tribe4 ,lat]1 z ! tribe ent]s ! pa/oral /ate1 private prop]ty is e/abli%$ & laws = its c>e are made4 ,/ill lat]1 ) ! developm5t ( a high] civilization & ) ! individual consci5ce /imulat+ m5 to c>e = ! welf>e n m]ely ( _! family1 b ( _! nation1 legislation consid]s prim>ily ! welf>e ( society4 ,yet1 z "o ( our great judges has lately expla9$1 9 practically all /ages ( society1 :5ev] ! population becomes num]\s & bus9ess is s develop$ t we may recognize diff]5t classes 9 a community1 legislation has be5 prim>ily 9 ! int]e/s ( a rul+ class1 (t5 at ! exp5se ( ! o!r classes4 ,?is pr9ciple is illu/rat$ by c]ta9 ( ! lat] ,jewi% c]emonial laws t br\ght to ! prie/s a l>ge income at ! exp5se ( ! p4 ,_m laws 9 ,europe & 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates to-day h be5 made cle>ly 9 ! int]e/s ( c]ta9 classes 9 society4 ,c y ?9k ( "s8 ,,iii4 ,,! ,,au?ority ,,und]ly+ ,,all ,,law4 ,back ( all laws & rules1 z ! fundam5tal consid]ation1 :e!r consci\sly express$ 9 laws or c>ri$ out in/9ctively1 lies ! welf>e ( society4 ,among ! wolves ! pack t is be/ discipl9$ by ! /ronge/ & mo/ successful lead] is ! "o t survives4 ,9 ! e>li] savage gr\ps ! rules :i* guid$ unit$ action grew up z a result ( successful exp]i5ce 9 secur+ food & w>d+ (f enemies4 ,among !m ! less discipl9$1 ! less intellig5tly direct$ gr\ps p]i%4 ,?r\gh 8 fe> ( ! unkn[n1 /imulat$ by ! t]rible v9dications ( nature's laws1 :5 poison & pe/il5ce & /orms & floods d _! deadly "w1 ! savage feels ! pres5ce ( unkn[n =ces t he calls gods1 & he ?us gives to 8 rules ( action ! sanction ( div9ity4 ,& z society develops ?r\gh ! pa/oral1 agricultural & indu/rial /ages into ! tribe & /ate1 ) ! developm5t ( religion & ! gr[+ s5se ( "r & ( responsibility to "o's fell[ m51 ?is religi\s sanction ( ! law /ill abides4 ,9 ! e>li] days ! sanction 0 due to fe> ( ! v5geance ( ! gods4 ,9 lat] society x is ! s5se ( "r & ju/ice & love = "o's fell[ m51 spr++ f ! firm belief 9 ! div9e creation & direction ( ! univ]se & 9 ,god's c>e = m54 ,b z ?is s5se ( fe> or "r or ju/ice or love1 associat$ ) a ,be+ felt to be div9e1 is n univ]sal1 inasmu* z _m memb]s ( society are f\nd ready to act selfi%ly1 tak+ ! law into _! own h&s1 =ce is ne$$ 9 all /ages ( society to put ! rules & laws into effect4 ,) e law1 z ,au/9 says1 mu/ g a p5alty4 ,b z society gr[s m & m humane ! s5se ( obligation ( ea* individual = ! welf>e ( 8 fell[s gr[s1 until 9 ! be/ society laws are made & obey$ by mo/ citiz5s1 n f a s5se ( fe> ( puni%m5t1 b ma9ly out ( goodwill to o!rs4 ,a s5se ( ju/ice prevails & ! sanction ( law becomes n s mu* fe> ( ! p5alty impos$1 z ! moral & religi\s s5se ( ! individual & ( society4 ,:y1 = example1 d y obey ! law aga9/ /eal+8 ,,iv4 ,,moses' ,,relation ,,to ,,! ,,old ,,te/am5t ,,laws4 ,! ,hebrew laws giv5 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t are g5]ally kn[n z ! laws ( ,moses1 & ! assumption ( _m read]s 9 e>li] ye>s has be5 t ! diff]5t codes 7 practically =mulat$ by ,moses himself4 ,! subsequ5t /udy ( ! ,old ,te/am5t long ago sugge/$ to _m t ?is view may be mi/ak54 ,! olde/ records ( 8 "w & ! fact t1 z creator ( ! ,hebrew nation aft] ! ,exodus & z lead] & prophet be r5d]$ important judicial decisions1 h well ju/ifi$ ! belief t he 0 ! real f\nd] ( :at is call$ ! ,mosaic ,law4 ,z /at$ 9 ,exodus #ah1 he did actually =mulate ! pr9ciples by :i* decisions 7 made by ! rul]s :om he appo9t$ ov] ?\s&s & ov] hundr$s1 fifties & t5s4 ,he may h ev5 put into =m ! pr9ciples f\nd 9 ! e>lie/ decalogues4 ,moreov]1 z ! ,israelites 9 _! lat] hi/ory 7 l$ to =mulate new rules ( action1 !y bas$ ^! ^u ! pr9ciples ( ju/ice1 religion & civil equality f\nd 9 ! e>li] decalogues4 ,:ile ! specific rules ( liv+ mu/ h *ang$ mat]ially1 z ! ,israelites *ang$ _! habits ( liv+ f ^? ( w&]]s 9 ! wild]ness to ^? adapt$ to _! e>ly settlem5ts 9 ,canaan & aft]w>d to ! settl$ conditions "u ! mon>*y1 !y w\ld /ill base _! laws ^u ^! e>li] pr9ciples4 ,h5ce x 0 n unnatural to ascribe ! orig9 ( ^! laws to ,moses1 nor is x to-day inaccurate to speak ( !m z ! ,mosaic code1 ev5 ?\gh !y may h be5 put into _! pres5t =m at diff]5t p]iods remote f "o ano!r1 & by rul]s1 prophets & prie/s ^: occupations & attitude t[>d life 7 widely diff]5t4 ,back ( practically all ^! laws are ! fundam5tal beliefs t ! ,israelites are ! p *os5 ( ,god1 t to him !y owe allegiance & t f him !y d]ive1 9 pr9ciple at lea/1 ! laws "u :i* !y live4 ,v4 ,,! ,,developm5t ,,( ,,mod]n ,,law4 ,n m]ely ! ,hebrews1 b practically all anci5t nations ascribe ! orig9 ( _! laws ei!r to a deity or to "s great ance/ral h]o4 ,z already not$1 ! code ( ,hammurabi is repres5t$ z hav+ be5 giv5 to him directly by ! god ,%ama%4 ,9 ! e>ly days ( ,greek hi/ory1 ! laws ( ,solon & ,draco 7 =mulat$4 ,9 ,india we f9d ! laws ( ,manu1 9 ,*9a ! tea*+s ( ,confucius1 & s on ?r\gh\t all ( ! great nations4 ,9 "s in/ances1 d\btless1 _m ( ! laws 7 actually =mulat$ "u ! direction ( ! p]son to :om !y are ascrib$2 b 9 _m o!rs1 z p]haps 9 ! case ( ! ,mosaic code1 !re 0 "s great judge or k+ "u ^: direction c]ta9 pr9ciples 7 laid d[n & simple laws or prec$5ts e/abli%$1 & z a result all lat] developm5ts 7 ascrib$ to him4 ,9 mod]n times1 :5 legislative bodies are f\nd 9 limit$ mon>*ies z well z 9 republics1 ! me?ods ( legislation are necess>ily diff]5t4 ,al?\gh *os5 bodies ( m5 come toge!r to legislate = ! b5efit ( society1 z repres5t$ by ! /ate1 !re is /ill a normal t5d5cy = ! rul+ class to feel t x is to a great ext5t ! /ate1 & x does n =get its own ne$s4 ,?is class legislation 0 d\btless exi/5t to a c]ta9 ext5t ev5 :5 ! laws1 suppos$ to be ( div9e orig91 7 =mulat$ by prophets & prie/s1 = ! real public "* ( ! laws 0 dep5d5t prim>ily ^u ! unselfi% beliefs1 social & religi\s1 ( ! writ]s1 :e!r k+s or prie/s4 ,no "o is able to free himself entirely f ! influ5ce ( class prejudice4 ,l ! legislatures ! c\rts ev5 are also ! product ( _! times1 ?\gh naturally cons]vative4 ,no law c long exactly fit *ang+ conditions4 ,! judge mu/ adapt a law made by "o g5]ation to ! ne$s ( ! next4 ,9 s do+ he b5ds x to suit 8 times1 & to fur!r ! welf>e ( 8 /ate4 ,if a]oplanes c>ry+ goods f ,p5nsylvania to ,new ,york ov] ! ,/ate ( ,new ,j]sey let !m fall & damage ! prop]ty ( a resid5t ( ,new ,j]sey1 c our c\rts invoke ! ,int]/ate ,comm]ce ,law made be=e a]oplanes 7 inv5t$8 ,& yet !re has be5 ?r\gh\t ! individual hi/ory ( ea* nation a gradual improvem5t 9 ! liv+ conditions ( ! masses ( p1 ev5 9 ! tribal /ate4 ,z x prov$ m pr(itable to pres]ve a work] ?an to kill him1 captives 9 w> 7 n sla91 b enslav$4 ,z society became m settl$1 ! cu/om ( p]sonally av5g+ "o's wrong by slay+ an enemy 0 modifi$4 ,cities ( refuge 7 e/abli%$1 :]e innoc5t victims might escape ! av5g]s4 ,all d[n ?r\gh ! ages !re has be5 a gr[+ t5d5cy to adapt ! puni%m5t to ! crime1 to temp] ju/ice ) m]cy1 to realize t ! aim ( all law is n v5geance or puni%m5t1 b ! promotion ( ! be/ int]e/s ( society ?r\gh ! wise adm9i/ration ( ju/ice4 ,,vi4 ,,! ,,attitude ,,op ,,! ,,citiz5s ,,t[>d ,,! ,,law4 ,among savages1 z has be5 said1 !re is no =mulation ( law4 ,!re is ! in/9ct ( ! individual to pres]ve 8 own life1 & !re are rules t mu/ be foll[$ if ! p are to survive4 ,z has be5 truly said3 ,! love ( ju/ice is simply 9 ! majority ( m5 ! fe> ( suff]+ inju/ice4 ,! in/9ct ( pres]vation & %e] necessity compel ! p almo/ unconsci\sly to foll[ ! rules ( _! lead]4 ,9 mo/ patri>*al societies ! fe> ( ! god ( ! tribe1 ! ov]p[]+ influ5ce ( cu/om & ! unsw]v+ directness ( ! puni%m5t ( ! man :o violates x t5d to prev5t ! developm5t ( individuality & ( indep5d5t ?9k+2 & ! normal attitude ( practically e p]son is to obey ! cu/oms & ! laws1 al?\gh (t5 ^? laws leave to ! individual a range ( action n f\nd 9 lat] civiliz$ /ates4 ,b z ! s5se ( "r & ju/ice & ! desire to promote ! public welf>e gr[1 individualism gr[s also4 ,ea* individual1 ?r[n ^u 8 own res\rces1 le>ns to ?9k & "q & judge4 ,9 democratic /ates he le>ns to take ^u himself ! responsibility = 8 acts1 & at l5g? ! view becomes preval5t t law exi/s = ! b5efit ( society4 ,! individual1 9 judg+ himself & 8 attitude t[>d society1 feels t ! law mu/ be obey$ because ob$i5ce promotes ! public welf>e4 ,ev5 :5 he believes t a law is unwise1 or ev5 unju/1 he hesitates to violate x1 n only because he might be puni%$ !re=1 b prim>ily because x has become wrong1 accord+ to 8 consci5ce1 to violate a law t has be5 adopt$ by ! repres5tatives ( 8 fell[ citiz5s z j & b5eficial4 ,?us ! individual1 9 lat] ev5 m ?an 9 e>li] times1 obeys ! laws n m]ely f selfi%1 b f social & religi\s motives4 ,que/ions = ,fur!r ,consid]ation4 ,c y "n any mod]n laws t y ?9k h be5 fram$ 9 ! int]e/s ( a special social class8 ,d y ?9k t ! p ( to-day are recreant 9 _! respect = or adh]5ce to law8 ,:at d y consid] to be ! value ( su* in/itutions z ^? at ,we/ ,po9t & ,annapolis 9 _! influ5ce on ! en=cem5t ( law & discipl9e8 ,:5 we speak ( ,gov]nm5t ( ! p1 by ! p1 & = ! p1 :om exactly d we mean by p8 ,does ! ^w h ! same mean+ 9 ea* ( ^! phrases8 ,is x ev] "r to violate a law ( ! l&8 ,"s p cont5d t an individual ought to break a human law1 provid$ t x is contr>y to div9e law4 ,:at is div9e law8 ,:o decides8 ,%all ! individual decide1 or is t ! duty ( ! community8 ,or ( ! cl]gy8 ,0 x "r = ! ,abolitioni/s to violate ! provisions ( ! fugitive slave law8 ,7 ?is h&ful ( m51 able & consci5ti\s z !y 71 z likely to be "r reg>d+ ! welf>e ( society z ! l>ge majority ( citiz5s ^: repres5tatives _h enact$ ! fugitive slave law8 ,if a p]son believes our t>iff laws to be unju/1 is x "r = him to smuggle goods8 ,"u :at circum/ances1 if any1 is x "o's duty to disobey a law ( ! /ate8 ,w\ld ! fact t an individual believ$ x 8 duty to violate ! law ju/ify a judge 9 decl9+ to puni% him8 ,?oreau decl9$ to pay a tax t he believ$ unju/ & accept$ 8 puni%m5t1 decl>+ t if he paid ! p5alty he might ?us ar\se public s5tim5t & secure ! repeal ( ! law4 ,0 ,john ,br[n ju/ifi$ 9 attempt+ illegally to free slaves by =ce ( arms8 ,9 ,great ,brita9 ! ,h\se ( ,lords--"o ( ! law-mak+ bodies--is also ! highe/ c\rt ( appeal1 al?\gh ! judicial bus9ess is mo/ly done by law lords specially appo9t$ = t purpose4 ,ought ! same m5 to make & int]pret ! law8 ,:y8 ,subjects = ,fur!r ,/udy4 7#a7 ,orig9 & ,gr[? ( ,hebrew ,law4 ,ha/+s1 ,dict4 ( ,bible1 ,,iii1 #fd-fg2 ,ency4 ,bib41 ,,iii1 #bgad-h2 ,k5t1 ,israel's ,laws & ,legal ,prec$5ts1 ,,iv1 #h-ae4 7#b7 ,gr[? ( ,primitive ,law4 ,ma9e1 ,anci5t ,law1 #aji-afe2 ,wilson1 ,! ,/ate1 #a-bi4 7#c7 ,judicial ,decisions z a ,factor 9 ! ,developm5t ( ,mod]n ,law4 ,pr94 ( ,politics1 ,*ap4 ,,vi1 ,ransom1 ,majority ,rule & ! ,judici>y4 ,,/udy ,x ,,! ,,f\ndations ,,( ,,good ,,citiz5%ip4 ,,! ,,t5 ,,comm&m5ts4--,ex4 #bj3a-ag4 ,p>allel ,read+s4 ,hi/4 ,bible ,i1 #aid-aih4 ,pr94 ( ,politics1 ,*ap4 ,,ii4 ,l[ell1 ,essay on ,democracy4 ,?\ %alt h no o!r gods be=e me4 ,?\ %alt n make unto !e a grav5 image4 ,?\ %alt n take ! "n ( ,jehovah ?y ,god 9 va94 ,rememb] ! sabba? day1 to keep x holy4 ,honor ?y fa!r & ?y "m4 ,?\ %alt n kill4 ,?\ %alt n commit adult]y4 ,?\ %alt n /eal4 ,?\ %alt n be> false witness aga9/ ?y neighbor4 ,?\ %alt n covet ?y neighbor's h\se4--,ex4 #bj3c-ag4 ,if ye "k my comm&m5ts1 happy are ye if ye d !m4--,jesus4 ,:]e)al %all ,i come be=e ,jehovah1 & b[ myself be=e ! ,high ,god8 4 4 4 ,he ha? %[$ !e1 ,oh man1 :at is good2 & :at do? ,jehovah require ( !e b to d ju/ly1 & to love k9dness1 & to walk humbly ) ?y ,god8--,micah #f3f1 #h4 ,mo/ religions are meant to be /raight l9es connect+ two po9ts--,god & man4 ,b ,*ri/ianity has ?ree po9ts--,god1 man1 & 8 bro!r--) two l9es to make a "r angle4--,maltbie ,d4 ,babcock4 ,s _m pray]s1 s _m cre$s1 ,s _m pa?s t w9d & w9d1 ,:5 j ! art ( be+ k9d ,is all ! sad _w ne$s4 --,eva ,:eel] ,wilcox4 ,i4 ,,! ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,prophetic ,,decalogue4 ,! decalogues ( ,exodus #bj-bc cle>ly repres5t ! e>lie/ canon ( ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,^! are int5d$ to def9e cle>ly ! obligations ( ! nation to ,jehovah1 & to place ^! obligations be=e ! p s def9itely t !y w\ld be und]/ood & met4 ,z ! t]m decalogue1 t is t5 words1 indicates1 ! ,biblical decalogue orig9ally conta9$ t5 brief s5t5ti\s comm&s1 easily memoriz$ ev5 by *ildr54 ,ea* ( ! decalogues is divid$ into two gr\ps ( five laws or p5tads4 ,?is division ( five & t5 0 )\t reasonable d\bt int5d$ to aid ! memory by associat+ ea* law ) a f+] or ?umb ( ! two h&s4 ,exodus #bj-bc & its p>allels 9 ,deut]onomy conta9 t5 decalogues1 t is a decalogue ( decalogues1 sugge/+ t orig9ally a decalogue 0 associat$ ) ea* ( ! f+]s & ?umbs ( ! two h&s ev5 z 7 ! individual words or comm&s4 ,?is sy/em ( mnemonics 0 useful 9 tea*+ a *ild nation4 ,x is /ill useful to-day4 ,x is important to impress ^u ! *ild 9 ?is concrete way c]ta9 ( ! fundam5tal obligations to ,god & man4 ,! =m ( ! t5 comm&m5ts 9 "p expla9s ! comm&+ place :i* !y /ill hold 9 religi\s education ?r\gh\t ,*ri/5dom4 ,! ,biblical acc\nts ( ! two decalogues 9 ,exodus #bj & #cd v>y 9 details4 ,! e>ly ,judean prophetic n>rative 9 ,exodus #cd /ates t ^! comm&s 7 inscrib$ by ,moses himself on two /one tablets4 ,9 ! lat] v]sions ( ! /ory ,jehovah inscribes !m ) 8 own f+]s on ! two tablets :i* he gave to ,moses4 ,t ! old] decalogue 0 writt5 on two tablets & set up 9 ! temple ( ,solomon is exce$+ly probable1 = by ! days ( ! ,unit$ ,k+dom ! ,hebrews 7 beg9n+ to become acqua9t$ ) ! art ( writ+ & !re=e c\ld read ! laws 9 writt5 =m4 ,! rec5tly discov]$ code ( ,hammurabi1 :i* comes f ! tw5tie? c5tury ,b4,c41 0 inscrib$ 9 p>allel columns on a /one monum5t4 ,9 ! epilogue to ?is wond]ful code ! k+ /ates3 ,by ! ord] ( ,%ama%1 ! judge supreme ( heav5 & e>?1 t judgm5t may %9e 9 ! l&1 ,i set up a bas-relief to pres]ve my lik5ess 9 ! great temple t ,i love1 to commemorate my "n =ev] 9 gratitude4 ,! oppress$ :o has a suit to prosecute may come be=e my image1 t ( a righte\s k+1 & read my inscription & und]/& my preci\s words & let my /ele elucidate 8 case4 ,let him see ! law he seeks1 & may he draw 9 8 brea? & say3 ',?is ,hammurabi 0 to 8 p l ! fa!r t begot !m6' ,?us ?is dev\t k+ ( anci5t ,babylonia graphically def9es ! motive :i*1 at a lat] p]iod1 l$ ,israel's spiritual lead]s to set be=e ! p ^? pr9ciples :i* made = ! welf>e bo? ( ! nation & ( ! individual4 ,ea* 0 ke5ly consci\s t ! laws :i* br\ght social & spiritual heal? to mank9d emanat$ f ! div9e p[] t 0 guid+ ! de/9ies ( m54 ,hebrew tradition has describ$ 9 a great v>iety ( n>ratives ! way 9 :i* ,god made kn[n 8 w to ! p4 ,! sc5e 9 ea* case 0 ,m\nt ,s9ai1 :i* ! anci5t ,hebrews z well z ! ,k5ites reg>d$ z ,jehovah's abode4 ,9 ! e>ly ,judean v]sion1 z "s writ]s classify ! acc\nts1 ,moses alone asc5ds ! m\nta91 :ile ! p are =bidd5 to approa*4 ,9 ! ,nor!rn ,israelite v]sion1 ! p approa*1 b be+ t]rifi$ by ! ?und] & lightn+s !y reque/ ,moses to receive = !m ! div9e message4 ,?is lat] v]sion implies t a rag+ ?und] /orm %r\d$ ! sacr$ m\nta91 :ile ! e>ly ,judean & late prie/ly n>ratives app>5tly sugge/ an active volcano4 ,! elem5t common to all ^! acc\nts is t "u ! direction ( _! prophetic lead]1 ,moses1 a solemn cov5ant 0 e/abli%$ betwe5 ! nation & ,jehovah1 & t ! obligations ( ! p 7 def9$ 9 ! decalogue ) its t5 %ort comm&s4 ,! problem is1 h[ev]1 complicat$ by ! pres5ce ( two decalogues1 "o n[ pres]v$ 9 ,exodus #cd & ! o!r1 ! famili> t5 comm&m5ts ( ,exodus #bj4 ,bo? agree 9 emphasiz+ z prim>y ! nation's obligation to be loyal to ,jehovah4 ,! decalogue 9 ,exodus #cd1 h[ev]1 goes on to describe 9 succe$+ laws ! ways 9 :i* ! nation may %[ its loyalty4 ,?is 0 ?r\gh ! obs]vation ( c]ta9 c]emonial cu/oms & especially ! great annual fea/s4 ,did mo/ anci5t peoples %[ _! loyalty to ! gods by _! lives & de$s or by ! c]emonies ( ! ritual & ! (f]+s :i* !y br\ght to ! alt>s8 ,! fir/ great prophet ,amos decl>$ t ,jehovah hat$ & despis$ fea/s & c]emonies unless accompani$ by de$s ( ju/ice & m]cy4 ,! decalogue 9 ,exodus #cd may well repres5t ! orig9al comm&s :i* ,moses laid ^u ! nation1 b ! high] moral s5se ( lat] editors has truly recogniz$ ! sup]iority ( ! e?ical comm&s ( ! famili> decalogue 9 ,exodus #bj & giv5 x ! comm&+ place :i* x ri*ly des]ves4 7,= a probable lit]>y hi/ory ( ?is decalogue see ,hi/4 ,bible ,i1 #aid-e47 ,! two decalogues ( ,exodus #bj & #cd are n duplicates ! "o ( ! o!r1 b r supplem5t ea* o!r4 ,! "o def9es ! obligation ( ! nation1 ! o!r ( ! individual4 ,! ,hebrews long cont9u$ to reta9 9 _! homes ! family images inh]it$ f _! ,semitic ance/ors4 ,n until ! days ( ,amos & ,isaiah did ! prophets beg9 to prote/ aga9/ ! calves or bulls & ! *]ubim 9 ! sanctu>ies ( ,nor!rn ,israel1 & ev5 9 ! temple at ,j]usalem4 ,h5ce ! second comm&1 ,?\ %alt n make = ?yself any grav5 image1 "s believe comes f a p]iod c5turies lat] ?an ,moses4 ,possibly1 z 9 ,exodus #cd3ag1 x orig9ally read molt5 image & ref]r$ to =eign idols4 ,if s1 x may come 9 ?is old] =m f ,moses4 ,! t5? comm& :i* places ! emphasis on ! motive r ?an ! act also sugge/s a matur] age2 b ) ^! possible exceptions !re is good reason = believ+ t ! _s & tea*+ ( ,moses are embodi$ 9 ?is noble decalogue4 ,9 :at respects does ! v]sion 9 ,deut]onomy #e diff] f t 9 ,exodus #bj8 7,hi/4 ,bible ,i1 #aie47 ,:i* is probably ! old] v]sion8 ,:at lat] explanations & exhortations h be5 add$ to ! orig9al t5 words 9 ,exodus #bj8 ,9 ,deut]onomy #e8 ,:at 0 ! object ( ^! additions8 ,are !y ( real value8 ,is x pr(itable to tea* !m to *ildr5 to-day8 ,,ii4 ,,obligations ,,( ,,! ,,individual ,,to ,,god4 ,into :at two gr\ps d ! t5 words 9 ,exodus #bj fall8 ,& :at is ! !me ( ea*8 ,is !re a real diff]5ce betwe5 ! comm& ( ,exodus #cd1 ,?\ %alt wor%ip no o!r gods & t ( ,exodus #bj1 ,?\ %all h no o!r gods be=e me8 ,did ! ,hebrews z a matt] ( fact tol]ate ! wor%ip ( o!r gods 9 _! mid/ c5turies aft] ! days ( ,moses8 ,may ! ,hebrews h orig9ally int]pret$ ! comm& ( ,exodus #bj z a dem& t ,jehovah be giv5 ! fir/ place 9 ! wor%ip & fai? ( ,israel8 ,h[ did lat] prophets l ,elijah & ,isaiah int]pret x8 7,see ,i ,k+s #ah3ba & ,is4 #f3a-h2 #h3ac47 ,! old] comm& 9 ,exodus #cd1 ,?\ %all make !e no molt5 gods1 0 probably int5d$ to gu>d ! ,israelites f imitat+ ! religi\s cu/oms ( _! hea!n neighbors1 su* z ! ,egyptians & ! ,moabites4 ,! comm& to make no grav5 image 01 x seems1 direct$ n aga9/ ! public idols b aga9/ ! private images4 ,^! 7 usually made ( wood & 7 *]i%$ 9 _m a ,hebrew family1 z = example1 t ( ,jacob 7cf4 ! /ory ( 8 flight f ,laban1 ,g54 #ca7 or ( ,david 7,i ,sam4 #ai74 ,! _s ( ! law is truly int]pret$ by ! lat] prie/ly comm5tator :o places completely "u ! ban all attempts visibly to repres5t ! ,deity4 ,is ! _s ( ?is comm& disreg>d$ by ! mod]n ,greek *ur*8 ,9 c]ta9 p>ts ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic _w8 ,9 any phases ( ,prote/ant wor%ip8 ,h[ is ! ?ird comm& int]pret$ to-day8 ,! exact mean+ ( ! orig9al ,hebrew is n entirely cle>4 ,x may be int]pret$ lit]ally3 ,?\ %all n invoke ! "n ( ,jehovah1 ?y ,god1 9 va94 ,! int]pretation turns on ! mean+ ( ! phrase1 9 va94 ,?is admits ( f\r diff]5t translations3 7#a7 ,purposelessly1 & !re=e ne$lessly or irrev]5tly2 7#b7 = de/ruction1 z :5 a man calls d[n a curse ^u ano!r2 7#c7 = no?+1 t is 9 swe>+ to :at is n true2 & 7#d7 9 ! practice ( sorc]y or wit*craft1 = ?is ^w 0 frequ5tly us$ by ! ,hebrews z a scornful designation ( hea!n abom9ations4 ,is x possible t ! orig9al comm& 0 int5d$ to gu>d aga9/ ea* ( ^! evils8 ,if s1 x broad5s & deep5s its mod]n application4 ,its fundam5tal idea is evid5tly rev]5ce & s9c]ity4 ,:y did ! ,hebrew law-giv]s place ^! ?ree laws1 :i* emphasize absolute loyalty to ,jehovah1 at ! beg9n+ ( ! decalogue8 ,:at d we mean to-day by loyalty to ,god8 ,loyalty to ,jehovah 0 n only ! corn] /one ( ,israel's religion b also ( ! ,hebrew /ate4 ,dur+ ! wild]ness p]iod & f> d[n into lat] p]iods x 0 ! *ief & at times practically ! only bond t b\nd toge!r ! individual memb]s ( ! tribe & nation4 ,disloyalty to ,jehovah 0 treason1 & ev5 ! mild code f\nd 9 ! book ( ,deut]onomy directs t apo/asy be puni%$ by public /on+4 ,loyalty to ,god or at lea/ to ! individual s5se ( "r to-day z 9 ! pa/ is ! fir/ ess5tial ( effective citiz5%ip4 ,:i* is ! m ess5tial = ! welf>e ( ! /ate1 ! manual1 ! m5tal or ! religi\s tra9+ ( its citiz5s8 ,:]e is ! *ief emphasis plac$ to-day8 ,is ?is "r8 ,,iii4 ,,! ,,social ,,& ,,e?ical ,,basis ,,( ,,! ,,sabba? ,,law4 ,! in/itution ( ! ,sabba? 9 diff]5t c\ntries app>5tly has a long & complex hi/ory4 ,_m explanations h be5 giv5 ( its orig91 aside f ! direct div9e comm&4 ,! simple/ & mo/ satisfactory is probably t x 0 orig9ally connect$ ) ! wor%ip ( ! moon4 ,!re are _m indications 9 ,hebrew hi/ory t ! e>ly ance/ors ( ! ,israelites 7 moon wor%ipp]s4 ,to-day z 9 ! di/ant pa/ ! inhabitants ( ! des]ts f :5ce came ! =efa!rs ( ! ,hebrews make _! j\rneys "u ! cle>1 cool light ( ! moon1 avoid+ ! hot1 pi]c+ rays ( ! mid-day sun4 ,! moon ) its m>vel\s trans=mations is unque/ionably ! mo/ /rik+ & awe-inspir+ object 9 ! heav5s4 ,x is n /range1 !re=e1 t _m primitive peoples & especially ! nomadic des]t dwell]s wor%ipp$ x z ! supreme embodim5t ( beauty & p[]4 ,9 ,*9a fea/ days once a mon? 7 d\btless connect$ ) ! phases ( ! moon4 ,among ! ,am]ican ,indians "t 0 reckon$ by numb]s ( moons4 ,! cu/om ( obs]v+ z sacr$ ! f\r days1 :i* m>k$ ! transition f "o qu>t] ( ! moon to ano!r1 0 also widespread4 ,9 ! ,hebrew religion ! fea/ ( ! ,new ,moon 0 closely id5tifi$ ) t ( ! ,sabba?4 ,! ,hebrew mon? 0 also ! lun> mon? ( approximately tw5ty-eight days4 ,! new moon1 !re=e1 m>k$ ! beg9n+ ( ! mon? & ea* succe$+ ,sabba? a new phase ( ! moon4 ,! f\r? comm&m5t seems1 !re=e1 l ! o!rs to h a basis 9 nature1 & also1 z we %all note1 a social reason4 ,w\ld a comm&m5t be truly div9e if x did n h a natural & reasonable basis8 ,by ! anci5ts re/ f labor 0 reg>d$ z "o ( ! ess5tial elem5ts 9 ! sacr$ day4 ,! prophet ,amos d5\nc$ ! m]*ants ( ,nor!rn ,israel because !y 7 con/antly say+1 ,:5 %all ! new moon pass t we may sell gra91 ,& ! ,sabba? t we may op5 ! corn8 ,9 its e>li] c]emonial int]pretation1 to ab/a9 f all labor on ! ,sabba? 0 cle>ly reg>d$ z a prim>y obligation4 ,l fa/+1 x is probably reg>d$ z an (f]+ due to ,jehovah4 ,! ^w holy 9 ! ,hebrew means set ap>t1 di/9ct4 ,! ,sabba?1 !re=e1 0 to diff] f ! o!r days ( ! week4 ,! great e?ical prophets ( ! ,assyrian p]iod 7 ! fir/ completely to dive/ ?is anci5t in/itution ( its hea!n significance & give x a deep] religi\s1 & !re=e social & humanit>ian int]pretation4 ,!y gave x its true & et]nal cont5t1 decl>+ t ,god decre$ t all :o labor %\ld h _! ne$$ re/4 ,! prophet :o add$ ! noble int]pretation 9 ,deut]onomy #e3ad1 #ae1 decl>es t x 0 n only t old & "y1 ma/] & slave1 might re/1 b also t ev5 ! toil+ ox & ass & ! resid5t ali5 might h ! relaxation :i* _! tir$ bodies requir$4 ,?us ^! inspir$ prophets trac$ ! ultimate basis ( ! in/itution ( ! ,sabba? to ,god's provid5ce = ! innate ne$s ( man4 ,!y recogniz$ t x 0 ess5tial = ! physical1 m5tal & spiritual well-be+ ( ! individual &1 !re=e1 = ! welf>e ( ! ,/ate4 ,t ! ,hebrews might n =get ?is obligation1 ! prophets appeal$ to ! memory ( ! days :5 ! ,israelites !mselves 7 slaves 9 ! l& ( ,egypt & ! ?\ght ( h[ ,jehovah deliv]$ !m f _! slav]y4 ,tuan ,fang1 ! great ,man*u vic]oy :o only rec5tly met m>tyrdom at ! h&s ( 8 w>r+ c\ntrym51 said :5 visit+ ,am]ica a few ye>s ago1 ,i ?9k t :5 ,i return to ,*9a ,i w introduce ,sunday 9 my prov9ce4 ,:5 ask$ :e!r he w\ld make x ! sev5? day1 he repli$1 ,yes1 = ,i ?9k t ! sev5? day is f> bett] ?an ! t5?4 ,fur!rmore1 = ! conv5i5ce & economy ( all1 ,i w make x correspond to ! ,*ri/ian ,sunday4 ,f my /udy ( ! conditions 9 ,am]ica & ( ! ne$s 9 ,*9a ,i am conv9c$ t ! ,sabba? is a mo/ valuable & ess5tial in/itution4 ,lat] ,judaism reviv$ ! e>li] hea!n cont5t ( ! ,sabba?1 & lo/ sight ( its deep] political1 social & humanit>ian significance4 ,un=tunately ! ,*ri/ian *ur* & above all our ,puritan fa!rs foll[$ ! guidance ( ! lat] prie/s r ?an ( ! e>ly prophets4 ,jesus ) 8 cle> insight into human he>ts & ne$s1 & ) 8 gl[+ love = m51 repudiat$ ! h>%1 me*anical int]pretation ( ! ,sabba? curr5t 9 8 day & reass]t$ ! tea*+s ( ! great prophets t prec$$ him2 ,! ,sabba? 0 made = man1 n man = ! ,sabba?4 ,does ! social & humanit>ian int]pretation ( ! ,sabba? obscure or deep5 its religi\s significance8 ,does ! great body ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur* to-day accept ! int]pretation ( ! prophets & ( ,jesus1 or t ( e>ly hea!nism & lat] ,judaism8 ,does ! int]pretation ( ! prophets & ( ,jesus furni% a basis on :i* all classes 9 ! /ate c unite 9 appreciat+ & 9 jeal\sly gu>d+ ! ,sabba?8 ,does ! acceptance ( "o or ! o!r ( ^! int]pretations fundam5tally affect our actual obs]vance ( ! ,sabba?8 ,our motives & our _s8 ,our attitude t[>d our fell[ m58 ,,iv4 ,,importance ,,( ,,*ildr5',s ,,loyalty ,,to ,,p>5ts ,x is g5]ally recogniz$ by sci5ti/s t ! place ( animals 9 ! scale ( be+ is dep5d5t ^u ! l5g? ( _! p]iod ( infancy4 ,! l[] =ms ( animal life are mature almo/ z soon z !y are born4 ,m9n[s nev] come "u ! c>e ( _! g5itors1 b are indep5d5t z soon z !y are hat*$4 ,! "y ( ! less develop$ quadrup$s are soon wean$ & =gott5 by _! p>5ts4 ,! long] ! "y rema9 9 ! c>e ( _! p>5ts ! high] ! =m ( ! animal4 ,! great diff]5ce betwe5 m5 & mo/ ( ! high] animals is ?\ght by _m to be dep5d5t ^u ! l5g? ( *ildhood1 & ! consequ5t c>e & att5tion giv5 by ! p>5ts4 ,ev5 among human be+s x is sc>cely too mu* to say t ! long] ! "t ( education & tra9+ "u prop] sup]vision la/s1 ! m successful f9ally at ! end ( life ! man w be4 ,:5 "o consid]s t ,ari/otle1 :o is p]haps g5]ally accept$ z ! _w's greate/ ?9k]1 associat$ ) 8 great tea*]1 ,plato1 tw5ty ye>s1 until he 0 ?irty-eight ye>s ( age & produc$ ne>ly all 8 important works only aft] t "t1 we may see "o example ( ! pr(\nd importance ( tra9+4 ,! c>e ( p>5ts = _! *ildr5 ?r\gh\t all ( _! e>ly ye>s w\ld naturally imply loyalty ( *ildr5 to ! p>5ts z a m>k ( gratitude = ! "t & affection exp5d$ ^u !m4 ,9 "o ( 8 *>act]i/ic poems1 fill$ ) wise sugge/ion1 ,l[ell speaks ( ob$i5ce z t great tap root ( ! /ate & civilization4 ,! habit ( ob$i5ce is "o ( ! f9e/ *>act]i/ics 9 family life1 & ob$i5ce to p>5ts normally becomes ob$i5ce to law 9 ! citiz51 "o ( ! sure/ bonds ( society & "o ( ! mo/ necess>y conditions ( social progress4 ,?is fact 0 s fully recogniz$ 9 ! patri>*al /age ( society t ! head ( ! family )9 ! tribe _h ! p[] ev5 ( life & dea? ov] ! memb]s ( 8 h\sehold4 ,9 practically all e>ly societies we f9d ?is au?ority ( ! p>5t & ! ob$i5ce ( ! *ild insi/$ ^u z fundam5tal4 ,9 ! ,ori5t1 ev5 to ! pres5t day1 ?is respect ( *ildr5 = _! p>5ts is closely b\nd up ) _! religion & _! civilization4 ,! fir/ wi% ( e man is t be may h a son to sacrifice to 8 memory aft] he has gone4 ,& n only 9 ,*9a1 b 9 _m o!r /ates we f9d ance/ral wor%ip spr++ f ?is relation ( fa!r & son4 ,! primitive ,hebrew laws 7,ex4 #ba3ae1 #ag7 made dea? ! p5alty = a *ild :o /ruck or curs$ 8 p>5ts4 ,9 _m c\ntries p>ricide is consid]$ ! worse type ( murd]4 ,! v old ,sum]ian law ( anci5t ,babylon puni%$ ) slav]y ! son :o repudiat$ 8 fa!r4 ,9 ! fif? comm&m5t no p5alty is nam$ = disrespect t[>d "o's p>5ts4 ,! religi\s sanction only is impli$1 ?\gh ! p5alty ( dea? 0 inflict$ by ! law ( ! tribe4 ,9 society to-day our aim 9 education is to develop individuality & = a c\ntry ) a democratic =m ( gov]nm5t ?is type ( education %\ld be enc\rag$4 ,disob$i5ce or disrespect ho p>5ts has no long] a legal p5alty1 al?\gh ! *ildr5 may be compell$ by law to support _! p>5ts4 ,b gratitude t[>d p>5ts & a normal affectionate family life are practically ess5tial to social welf>e4 ,aside f its civic aspect1 !re is no?+ 9 society m beautiful ?an ! "r relation%ip betwe5 p>5ts & *ildr54 ,jesus1 :o repres5t$ ! k+dom ( ,god z a h\sehold1 f\nd t ! be/ analogy = ! relation%ip ( m5 to ,god & ! be/ descriptions ( ! div9e nature are bas$ ^u ?is relation%ip4 ,v4 ,,prim>y ,,obligations ,,( ,,man ,,to ,,man4 ,! second five comm&m5ts ( ! decalogue deal ) ! obligations ( man to man4 ,^! comm&s /ill f9d a c5tral place 9 mod]n society z ! be/ gu>antees ( social /ability1 security & peace4 ,all ( ! crimes ) :i* !y deal1 except t ( covet\sness1 7 puni%$1 9 ,hebrew cu/om & law1 by def9ite p5alties4 ,9 _m in/ances ^! p5alties 7 /ill m sev]e among o!r e>ly peoples4 ,z soon z society em]ges f ! savage /ate1 ! crime ( adult]y is always =bidd54 ,no?+ else /irs ! wor/ ( human passions z does sexual jeal\sy4 ,ev5 to-day probably no o!r cause is m productive ( murd] & suicide4 ,9 e>ly societies1 l t ( ! ,israelites1 to ?is normal human feel+ ( p]sonal wrong 0 add$ t ( ! loss ( prop]ty1 = wives or concub9es 7 consid]$ z prop]ty4 ,h5ce ! p5alty = adult]y among ! ,hebrews1 z ) _m anci5t & _m mod]n peoples1 0 dea?4 ,z soon z society develops f ! savage into ! pa/oral /age1 private prop]ty is recogniz$ 9 ! flocks & h]ds4 ,9 ! developm5t ( society additional types ( prop]ty rights appe> "u v>i\s =ms ( own]%ip1 until x is n too mu* to say t mod]n society is bas$ l>gely ^u prop]ty rights4 ,! evils associat$ ) prop]ty are _m1 b z yet1 at any rate1 ! rights ( prop]ty are a b5efit to ! /ate1 provid$ ^? rights are ex]cis$ "u prop] legal sup]vision4 ,x %\ld be recogniz$1 h[ev]1 t ! comm&1 ,?\ %all n /eal1 may well h v>i\s mean+s1 dep5d5t ^u ! laws ( prop]ty4 ,our law re/ricts ! "r ( legacy1 ! sale or ev5 ! possession ( poisons & (t5 ( dang]\s weapons4 ,simil>ly ! degree ( own]%ip ( o!r goods is (t5 limit$4 ,! n9? comm&1 n to be> false witness aga9/ "o's neighbor1 is (t5 int]pret$ z simply a violation ( "o's oa? 9 c\rt1 or :5 app5d$ to =mal legal pap]s4 ,b 9 mo/ mod]n c\ntries ! comm& is also int]pret$ s z to include ly+4 ,if ?is crime is def9$ 9 its broade/ s5se1 z lack ( tru? & tru/wor?9ess1 x is 9 _m ways ! greate/ s9 man c commit aga9/ society4 ,practically all mod]n economic & social relations are bas$ ^u ! security ( contracts & ^u ! read9ess ( bus9ess m5 & citiz5s to keep _! ^w4 ,x may be well que/ion$ :e!r ! crime ( murd] is z dang]\s to society z ! habit ( deception1 = ! temptation ( murd] is r>e z comp>$ ) t ( deception2 :ile ! evil is (t5 less f>-rea*+ 9 its consequ5ce & less despicable4 ,9 ! la/ comm&1 t direct$ aga9/ covet\sness1 ! law-giv] goes beyond ! ext]nal act to ! motive & _s 9 ! m9d ( ! individual4 ,if ?is comm& is kept 9 _s1 ! o!rs are practically unnecess>y4 ,?is comm& is l 9 k9d to t ( ,jesus 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 :]e all ! comm&m5ts are summ$ up into "o3 ,love "o ano!r4 ,,vi4 ,,! ,,pres5t-,,day ,,au?ority ,,( ,,! ,,t5 ,,comm&m5ts4 ,! v>i\s books t make up our ,bible 7 ea* writt5 to meet ! ne$s ( ! p ( its day2 b inasmu* z ! prophets & law-giv]s f ! days ( ,moses to ^? ( ,jesus t\*$ ^u ! mo/ vital que/ions ( human life & society1 ^! pr9ciples are mo/ ( !m univ]sal & applicable to all tribes & nations & races & peoples4 ,necess>ily !re are _m v>iations 9 ! specific me?ods by :i* ^! comm&s are to be c>ri$ out4 ,! honor & rev]5ce due ev]y:]e to "m & fa!r may well h diff]5t applications1 dep5d+ ^u ! type ( civilization1 ! cu/oms ( liv+ & ! type ( home life t exi/ 9 ! diff]5t c\ntries4 ,! injunction to keep ! ,sabba? may well be c>ri$ out ) ! same _s 9 v>i\s ways4 ,:at con/itutes !ft dep5ds ^u ! law ( ! sep>ate /ate & ^u ! rights ( prop]ty grant$ by t law1 b ev]y:]e ! prim>y obligations ( ! individual to ,god1 to society & to 8 fell[ m5 rema9 sub/antially ! same4 ,z he develops a m t5d] consci5ce1 a m j & k9dly attitude t[>d 8 fell[s1 a great] rev]5ce t[>d 8 ,creator1 ! _s ) :i* be keeps ^! comm&m5ts is becom+ cont9ually m urg5t1 :atev] may be ! specific way 9 :i* !y may be c>ri$ out = ! b5efit ( 8 fell[ m5 & ( society4 ,que/ions = ,fur!r ,consid]ation4 ,does idol wor%ip exi/ 9 any "p ( ! civiliz$ _w to-day8 ,if s1 :]e & 9 :at =ms8 ,are ^? addict$ to pr(anity necess>ily & int5tionally irrev]5t8 ,:at is ! orig9 ( ?is habit8 ,h[ may x be eradicat$8 ,:at are "s ( ! be/ me?ods by :i* *ildr5 may be gu>d$ aga9/ x8 ,d y ?9k x is "r = ! /ate to become responsible = ! religi\s education ( its citiz5s8 ,:at is ! fundam5tal diff]5ce betwe5 ! s-call$ ,cont95tal ,sabba? & t obs]v$ by ,jesus8 ,9 :at way may ,sunday be made a day ( great] pr(it & significance to ! work+ man8 ,:at attitude %\ld "o take reg>d+ s-call$ :ite or society lies8 ,"u :at circum/ances1 if any1 is x "r to lie8 ,subjects = ,fur!r ,/udy4 7#a7 ,! ,decalogues 9 ,exodus #bj-bc4 ,hi/4 ,bible ,,ii1 #bji-bd4 7#b7 ,jesus' ,v]sion ( ! ,anci5t ,prophetic ,decalogue4 ,see ,matt4 #e3ag1 #ah2 #f3ai-ba2 #ab3a-ab1 #ca1 #cb2 #ae3c-e2 #bb3 #cf-ci4 7#c7 ,comp>e ! ,moral ,ideals ( ! ,decalogue ) ^? ( ! ,pres5t-,day ,sociali/s4 ,cross1 ,! ,ess5tials ( ,socialism2 ,wall+1 ,socialism z ,x ,is2 ,sp>go1 ,elem5ts ( ,socialism4 ,,/udy ,,xi ,,! ,,e>ly ,,tra9+ ,,( ,a ,,race4 ,,israel',s ,,exp]i5ce ,,9 ,,! ,,wild]ness ,,& ,,ea/ ,,( ,,! ,,jordan--,num4 #aa-ad2 #ba3ba-ca2 #cb3ci-db4 ,p>allel ,read+s4 ,hi/4 ,bible ,i1 #bjd-bi4 ,edw>d ,j5ks1 ,hi/4 ( ,politics1 ,*ap1 ,,iii4 ,!n z !y j\rney$ f ! m\nta9 ( ,jehovah ! ark ( ,jehovah w5t be=e !m1 to seek out a halt+ place = !m4 ,& :5ev] ! ark />t$1 ,moses w\ld say1 ,arise1 ,o ,jehovah1 ,& let ?9e enemies be scatt]$1 ,& let ^? :o hate !e flee be=e !e4 ,& :5 x re/$1 he w\ld say1 ,return1 ,o ,jehovah1 to ! t5 ?\s& ( ?\s&s ( ,israel4--,num4 #aj3cc1 #ce1 #cf4 ,z an eagle /irre? up h] ne/1 hov]e? ov] h] "y1 take? !m1 be>e? !m ^u h] w+s1 s ! ,"l 8 ,god did lead him & !re 0 no /range ,god ) him4--,deut4 #cb3 #aa4 ,be=e man made u citiz5s1 great ,nature made u m5--,l[ell4 ,oh1 ,ea/ is ,ea/1 & ,we/ is ,we/1 & nev] ! twa9 %all meet ,till e>? & sky /& pres5tly at ,god's great judgm5t seat2 ,b !re is nei!r ,ea/1 nor ,we/1 bord] nor bre$ nor bir? ,:5 two /rong m5 /& face to face1 ?o' !y come f ! ends ( ! e>?4 --,rudy>d ,kipl+4 ,! measure ( ! success ( our lives c only lie 9 ! /ature ( our manhood1 9 ! gr[? 9 unworldl9ess & 9 ! moral elevation ( our inn] self4--,h5ry ,drummond4 ,i4 ,,! ,,wild]ness ,,environm5t4 ,! acc\nts reg>d+ ! exp]i5ces ( ! ,israelites 9 ! wild]ness lack ! unity :i* *>act]izes ! records ( ! e>li] & lat] p]iods4 ,!y simply give occasional pictures ( ! life ( ! ,hebrew fugitives4 ,!y mu/ be int]pret$ 9 ! light ( ! peculi> backgr\nd ( ! wild]ness & ( ! nomadic life :i* fl\ri%es !re to-day z x did 9 ! pa/4 ,! ,hebrews on escap+ f ,egypt ent]$ ! ,s\? ,c\ntry1 :i* ext5ds sev5ty miles f ! rocky hills ( ,judah s\?w>d until x m]ges into ! b>r5 des]t4 ,dur+ ! lat] ,roman p]iod ! nor!rn & nor?we/]n portions ( ?is t]ritory 7 p>tially reclaim$ by agriculturali/s2 b 9 e>ly p]iods1 z to-day1 x 0 pre-em95tly ! home ( w&]+1 nomadic tribes4 ,?is wild1 treeless region is divid$ by rocky ranges runn+ f ea/ to we/4 ,p>allel to ^! are deep1 hot & = ! mo/ "p wat]less valleys4 ,9 ! spr+time ^! valleys are cov]$ by a sp>se vegetation2 f a few p]5nial spr+s fl[ wat]s t irrigate ! imm$iately surr\nd+ l&2 b !y soon lose !mselves 9 ! ?ir/y des]t4 ,dur+ ! summ] ! vegetation disappe>s almo/ entirely1 & ! /ruggle = subsi/5ce becomes int5se4 ,! nature ( ! c\ntry makes x necess>y = its inhabitants con/antly to j\rney f "o pa/ure l& & spr+ to ano!r4 ,! home ( ! ,hebrews at ?is "t1 l t ( ! mod]n ,arabs1 0 ! t5t4 ,! /ories t h come d[n f ?is p]iod sugge/ ! exp]i5ces ?r\gh :i* !y pass$4 ,! con/ant insi/5t problem 9 ?is region 0 & is h[ to secure adequate supplies ( food & wat]4 ,dur+ ! great] "p ( ! ye> ! *ief food ( ! p is ! milk & curds suppli$ by _! h]ds4 ,at times1 h[ev]1 ^! fail to meet ! ne$s ev5 ( ! mod]n ,b$\9 inhabitants ( ?is ,s\? ,c\ntry4 ,!y !n ga!r ! gum t exudes f ! tam>isk tree or ! li*5s f ! rocks4 ,f ^! !y make a co>se fl\r & bread :i* keeps !m alive until ! w9t] ra9s aga9 br+ _! supply ( wat] & pa/urage4 ,"s s*ol>s hold t ?is co>se food 0 ! manna ( ! ,biblical acc\nts4 ,!y argue t lat] g5]ations1 famili> ) ! b>r5ness ( ! wild]ness & believ+ t ! ,hebrews at ?is "t numb]$ _m ?\s&s1 naturally conclud$ & report$ t _! ance/ors 7 miracul\sly f$4 ,at c]ta9 p]iods1 also1 ! meagre f>e ( ! des]t dwell] is supplem5t$ by ! quails :i* he is able to capture & ^! are a welcome relief to 8 monoton\s diet4 ,ab\t ! p]5nial spr+s1 :i* gu% =? f ! b>r5 rock1 !re also grew up /ories ( a miracul\s provision = ! ne$s ( ,jehovah's p2 = all spr+s & especially ^? 9 ! des]t 7 reg>d$ by ! anci5ts z miracles4 ,ev5 9 m f]tile l&s ! ,greeks re>$ beside su* spr+s temples to ! god1 :om !y ?\ght ( z ?us signally reveal+ himself4 ,9 ! deep] s5se ea* ( ^! e>ly ,hebrew /ories is hi/orical1 = !y all record ! fundam5tal ?\ght & belief t ?r\gh ?is /r5u\s1 pa9ful p]iod1 ev5 z 9 lat] crises 9 _! hi/ory1 ,jehovah 0 guid+ 8 p & giv+ !m n only food & wat]1 b also t tra9+ 9 ! s*ool ( dang] & privation :i* 0 ess5tial = _! highe/ developm5t4 ,ev5 m insi/5t ?an ! con/ant /ruggle = food & wat] 7 ! dang]s t came f ! ho/ile tribes :i* already occupi$ ?is mu*-conte/$ t]ritory4 ,= ! possession ( ! spr+s & pa/ure l&s !y f\ght ) ! en]gy & craft t *>act]ize ! ,b$\9 tribes to-day4 ,h5ce1 to ! ,hebrews1 fre% f ! f]tile fields ( ,egypt1 _! life 9 ! wild]ness repres5t$ con/ant h>d%ip1 privation1 suff]+ & dang]4 ,,ii4 ,,influ5ce ,,ov ,,! ,,nomadic ,,life ,,^u ,,israel',s ,,"* ,,& ,,ideals4 ,! wild]ness left a /amp ^u ,hebrew "* & life t may be trac$ ev5 to-day 9 ! lat] desc5dants ( t race4 ,x tight5$ _! muscles & gave !m t physical virility :i* has enabl$ !m to survive ev5 amid/ ! mo/ unfavorable conditions4 ,x taught !m h[ to subsi/ on ! mo/ meagre food supply & to ?rive :]e ! citiz5 ( a m prosp]\s l& w\ld inevitably />ve4 ,x is probable t 9 _! e>ly nomadic exp]i5ces ! ,hebrews acquir$ ^? migratory habits :i*1 int5sifi$ by unwont$ vicissitudes1 h c>ri$ !m to almo/ e civiliz$ l&4 ,9 ! wild]ness !y also le>n$ ! art ( nomadic w>f>e :i*1 to w9 victories1 dep5d$ n s mu* ^u op5 attack z ^u /rategy4 ,! common dang]s ( ! wild]ness life tight5$ ! racial & religi\s bonds t held !m toge!r4 ,only by ! close/ union c\ld !y resi/ ! p]ils t beset !m4 ,^u ! complete devotion ( ea* man to ! int]e/ ( ! tribe hung 8 fate1 z well z t ( ! community z a :ole4 ,h5ce arose t devotion to race1 t read9ess to av5ge e wrong & to protect ea* individual1 ev5 if x co/ ! life-blood ( ! tribe1 :i* is illu/rat$ 9 _m ( ! /ories t come f ?is e>ly p]iod4 ,h[ f> has ?is racial *>act]i/ic surviv$8 ,9 a community ?us closely b\nd toge!r ! morality ( ea* individual 0 gu>d$ ) a jeal\sy unkn[n 9 m settl$ prosp]\s communities4 ,?us1 = example1 adult]y f ! fir/ appe>s to h be5 puni%$ by public /on+4 ,h[ f> has ?is *>act]i/ic surviv$ to ! glory ( ! ,jewi% race8 ,! tribal organization also *]i%$ ! fre$om ( ea* individual4 ,8 voice 0 he>d 9 its c\ncil & 8 rights 7 c>efully protect$4 ,! free atmosph]e ( ! des]t tol]at$ no despotism1 & ! %eik 0 ! s]vant ( all4 ,^! fundam5tal conceptions ( gov]nm5t p]si/$ ev5 :51 "u ! influ5ce ( a new agricultural environm5t1 ! ,hebrews e/abli%$ ! k+%ip & mon>*y4 ,x 0 ! /ruggle betwe5 ^! inh]it$ democratic ideals & ^? ( ! neighbors :o 7 rul$ by despots1 t ultimately disrupt$ ! ,hebrew k+dom & call$ =? ^? great *ampions ( lib]ty & social ju/ice1 ! prophets ( ! ,assyrian p]iod4 ,x 0 ?is same democratic atmosph]e t made possible ! "w ( ^? prophets1 :o op5ly d5\nc$ ! crimes ( k+ & p4 ,h[ f> h ! ,jews ?r\gh\t all _! hi/ory alli$ !mselves ) democratic movem5ts8 ,,iii4 ,,! ,,influ5ce ,,( ,,! ,,wild]ness ,,life ,,^u ,,israel',s ,,fai?4 ,! pressure ( con/ant dang] int5sifi$ ! s5se ( dep5d5ce ^u a p[] outside & above !mselves4 ,x l$ !m to look con/antly to ,jehovah z _! sole guide & deliv]]4 ,a cont9u$ attitude cry/alliz$ into a habit4 ,h5ce1 ?r\gh\t _! tr\bl$ c>e] ! ,hebrews h be5 consci\s ( ! pres5ce ( ,god & h f\nd 9 him _! def5d] & p]sonal fri5d z has no o!r p 9 human hi/ory4 ,z lat] g5]ations m$itat$ on ! p]ils ( ! wild]ness ?r\gh :i* _! ance/ors pass$1 !y naturally felt t only "u ! imm$iate guidance ( a div9e p[] c\ld !y h escap$4 ,!y 7 famili> ) ! way 9 :i* ! c>avans travel ?r\gh ! des]t3 9 front ( ! lead] is borne al(t a brazi] fill$ ) coals4 ,f ?is sm\ld]+ fire !re arises by day a column ( smoke t1 9 ! cle> air ( ! des]t1 c be easily se5 af> by any :o may /raggle beh9d4 ,at night ^! gl[+ coals seem l a pill> ( fire1 tell+ ( ! pres5ce ( _! lead] & protector4 ,) ! same vivid imag]y1 accord+ to "s int]pret]s1 ! lat] ,hebrews pictur$ ! m>* ( _! ance/ors ?r\gh ! wild]ness1 & !reby symboliz$ ! belief t ,jehovah 0 !n pres5t & t ?r\gh 8 prophet ,moses he 0 p]sonally guid+ 8 p4 ,h[ f> h ^! ,old ,te/am5t n>ratives be5 ?us int]pret$ by mod]n we/]n read]s8 ,does x *ange _! spiritual significance to seek to le>n _! orig9 & real lit]>y "*8 ,are !re /ill to be f\nd1 (t5 9 humble walks ( life1 e>ne/ ,*ri/ians :o h simil> deep spiritual exp]i5ces & describe !m ) ! same vivid imag]y & concret5ess8 ,is ! value ( our conception ( ,god's pres5ce & activity 9 human hi/ory deep5$ & /r5g!n$ or less5$ by ! ?\ght t 9 ! pa/1 ev5 z to-day1 he accompli%$ 8 ends by natural r ?an contra-natural me?ods8 ,are ! fai? & in/itutions ( nations & individuals develop$ mo/ ?r\gh special revelations or ?r\gh ord9>y1 con/ant1 daily tra9+ & exp]i5ce8 ,is x n true t to u all !re come at times exp]i5ces ak9 to ^? t und]lie ^! wond]ful n>ratives8 ,,iv4 ,,! ,,significance ,,( ,,! ,,ea/-,,jordan ,,conque/s4 ,des]t dwell]s take little acc\nt ( ! lapse ( "t4 ,x is n /range t ! data reg>d+ ! duration ( ! soj\rn 9 ! wild]ness are late & exce$+ly vague4 ,! numb] =ty 9 ! ,bible is ! concrete ,hebrew equival5t ( _m4 ,ord9>ily ! =ty ye>s repres5t a g5]ation4 ,a p]iod ( ab\t =ty ye>s accords well ) ! facts ( contempor>y ,egyptian *ronology4 ,if ! ,hebrews fl$ f ,egypt ab\t #abjj1 dur+ ! p]iod ( an>*y foll[+ ! breakd[n ( ! n9ete5? ,egyptian dyna/y1 !y c\ld n h ent]$ ,pale/9e mu* be=e ! middle ( ! twelf? c5tury1 = ,ramses ,,iii ( ! ,tw5tie? ,dyna/y succe$$ 9 re-e/abli%+ & ma9ta9+ 8 au?ority 9 ,s\!rn ,pale/9e until 8 dea? ab\t #aafg ,b4,c4 ,! acc\nt ( ! spies1 pres]v$ accord+ to "s writ]s 9 v>iant v]sions by ea* ( ! great gr\ps ( ,hebrew n>ratives1 indicates t ! ,hebrews attempt$ b fail$ to ent] ,canaan f ! s\?4 ,= tribesm5 l ! ,israelites1 *af+ "u _! h>% environm5t & recall+ ! prosp]ity ( ! l& ( ,egypt1 ,pale/9e ) its gre5 hills & f]tile fields 0 an irresi/ible lode/one lur+ !m on to ! conque/4 ,! reasons :y !y fail$ to ent] ,canaan f ! s\? are sugge/$ 9 ! n>rative ( ! spies & confirm$ by a /udy ( ! hi/orical geographical situation4 ,! ,canaanite cities ( ,s\!rn ,pale/9e 7 built l>gely ) ! view to protect+ _! inhabitants f ! ev]-lurk+ nomad invad]s4 ,on ! o!r h& ! ,hebrews _h none ( ! equipm5t ne$$ to conqu] wall$ cities4 ,m ?an t ! b>r5 hills ( ! ,s\? ,c\ntry did n furni% ! base ( supplies necess>y to ma9ta9 a protract$ siege4 ,! e>ly ,hebrew n>ratives imply t c]ta9 nomadic tribes1 z1 = example1 ! ,calebites1 ! ,k5izzites & ! ,j]ahmeelites1 indep5d5tly ga9$ a foo?old on ! s\!rn bord]s ( ,canaan & ultimately assimilat$ ) ! ,hebrew tribe ( ,judah :5 ! latt] ent]$ ,pale/9e4 ,! e>lie/ ,hebrew acc\nts1 h[ev]1 z well z ! logic ( ! situation indicate t ! great body ( ! ,israelites1 ^: ance/ors _h be5 9 ! l& ( ,egypt1 ent]$ ,pale/9e f ! ea/4 ,?r\gh\t all its hi/ory ! ea/-,jordan l& has witness$ ! con/ant transition ( ,arab tribes f ! nomadic life ( ! des]t to ! m settl$ civilization1 ( agricultural ,pale/9e4 ,"h on ! ea/]n heights t ov]look ! ,jordan valley & ! l& ( ,canaan ! travell] /ill f9ds ! ,arab t5ts & flocks ( ! nomads beside ! pl[$ fields ( ! village-dwell]s4 ,on ! roll+ pla9s ( nor!rn ,moab & s\!rn ,gilead !re are few comm&+ heights or natural =tresses4 ,! important t[ns1 l ,dibon & ,he%bon1 lay on slightly ris+ hills4 ,! "* ( ! ru9s to-day does n indicate t !y 7 ev] surr\nd$ by =midable walls4 ,:e!r ! ,hebrews conqu]$ !m by op5 attack or by /rategy1 z 9 ! case ( ! t[n ( ,ai1 is n /at$4 ,x is c]ta91 h[ev]1 t "h !y fir/ ga9$ a p]man5t foo?old 9 agricultural ,pale/9e4 ,f ! conqu]$ !y "h le>n$ _! initial lessons 9 ! arts ( agriculture & became acqua9t$ ) t m advanc$ ,canaanite civilization :i* !y lat] absorb$4 ,com+ fre% f ! des]t1 :]e only ! fitte/ surviv$1 _! numb]s rapidly increas$ 9 ?is quiet] & m favorable environm5t4 ,soon to ! con/ant pressure ( ! des]t population on ! ea/ 0 add$ t ( ov]-population1 s t necessity1 z well z ambition1 impell$ !m to cross ! ,jordan to seek homes among ! hills to ! we/4 ,v4 ,,! ,,significance ,,( ,,moses' ,,"w4 ,! /udy ( ! beg9n+s ( ,israel's hi/ory 9 ! light ( its physical1 social & economic environm5t reveals cle>ly ! _m p[]ful =ces !n at "w4 ,at ! same "t ^! d n alone expla9 ,israel's lat] hi/ory & ! uniqu5ess ( its "* & fai?4 ,^! lat] facts pla9ly po9t back to a /rong1 comm&+ p]sonality1 :o %ap$ ! ideals & in/itutions ( ?is e>ly p & left ^u !m ! imp]i%able impr9t ( 8 own unique individuality4 ,al?\gh ! traditions reg>d+ him h be5 transmitt$ = c5turies f m\? to m\?1 !y portray ! "* & "w ( ,moses ) rem>kable cl>ity & impressiv5ess4 ,moses 0 prim>ily a patriot4 ,he 0 also a prophet-/atesman1 able to grasp & int]pret ! significance ( ! great crises 9 ! life ( 8 p & to sugge/ practical solutions4 ,moreov]1 he 0 able to inspire confid5ce1 & to lead z well z direct4 ,9 ! h>% environm5t ( ! wild]ness he 0 able to adju/ himself to mo/ difficult conditions4 ,9 lead+ ! ,hebrew s]fs f ! l& ( ,egypt1 he became inde$ ! creator ( ! future ,hebrew nation4 ,9 ! wild]ness be tra9$ t *ild nation4 ,z judge & c\nsellor1 he taught concretely ! broad pr9ciples :i* became ! f\ndation ( lat] ,hebrew law4 ,z gu>dian ( ! oracle & prie/ ( ! des]t sanctu>y1 ,moses1 l ! lat] prophet ( ,islam1 b ) f> great] spiritual p[] & deep] insight1 taught 8 p n only ! art ( wor%ip1 b c]ta9 ( ! great ess5tials ( religion4 ,he x 0 :o =mulat$ 9 a positive fai? ! :olesome reaction1 :i* he & 8 k9sm5 felt aga9/ ! gross poly!ism ( ,egypt4 ,! inspiration ( all ( ,moses' "w 0 8 own p]sonal fai?4 ,! fir/ great vision ( ,jehovah's "* & purpose t he _h receiv$ 9 ! l& ( ,midian 0 d\btless (t5 r5ew$ amid/ ! same wild1 impressive sc5es4 ,! exact nature ( ! deep]1 m p]sonal side ( 8 "* & fai? mu/ be inf]r$ f ! close analogies t may be drawn f ! memoirs ( ,isaiah or ,j]emiah4 ,at ! same "t x is a mi/ake to inf] t ,moses' beliefs 7 z l(ty z ^? ( ! lat] prophets :o /ood 9 ! light ( a l>g] exp]i5ce4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x is n j to disreg>d ! fact t ,moses1 be+ a prophet1 0 f> 9 advance ( ! primitive age 9 :i* he liv$4 ,n only did ,moses create ! ,hebrew nation & tea* x its fir/ lessons 9 practical politics & religion1 b he x 0 :o fir/ in/ill$ into 8 race comm&+ loyalty to ! "o ,god1 ,jehovah1 & taught t religion 0 m ?an =m3 t x meant "r ?9k+ & do+4 ,?us ,moses 0 ! =]unn] ( ,israel's lat] prophets1 :o broke away f ! n>r[ hea!n int]pretation ( religion & def9$ x 9 t]ms ( life & s]vice4 ,,vi4 ,,! ,,e>ly ,,/ages ,,9 ,,! ,,tra9+ ,,( ,,! ,,human ,,race4 ,x is int]e/+ & important to note t ,israel's hi/ory 0 9 mo/ respects l t ( o!r gr[+ nations4 ,9 ! beg9n+ pa/oral society & tribal gov]nm5t develop among savages prim>ily ?r\gh ! dome/ication ( animals4 ,! "y ( ! animals sla9 9 ! hunt are kept fir/ z pets3 !n1 :5 z a result ( ! ?riftless nature ( ! savages supplies at times become sc>ce1 ! pets are sla9 = food4 ,z pets become m common & population increases1 ! advantage ( bre$+ = use is app>5t1 & private prop]ty1 9 di/9ction f community possessions1 appe>s4 ,! gr[+ h]ds naturally develop ! ne$ ( regul> s]vice4 ,to meet ?is ne$ ! in/itutions ( p]man5t m>riage & bondage arise & ! wife or wives & ! slaves p]=m ! add$ "w4 ,) ! cu/om ( fix$ m>riage & ! possibility ( trac+ ance/ry ?r\gh ! fa!r1 comes 9 "t ance/ral gov]nm5t4 ,! ,hebrews seem to h _h ?is type ( gov]nm5t1 ev5 9 ! days ( ,abraham2 & x la/$ until ! tribes broke up into clans & families1 :5 !y acquir$ p]man5t homes & became agriculturi/s 9 ! l& ( ,canaan4 ,_m ( ! *>act]i/ics ( ! tribe disappe> almo/ entirely1 z w&]+ nomads settle 9 a fix$ abode1 & ! patri>*al rule *anges to t ( a royal or democratic gov]nm5t4 ,cu/oms become fix$ 9 =mal /atutes4 ,prop]ty 9 l& becomes m important ?an t 9 h]ds4 ,w> becomes ! bus9ess ( a special army1 in/ead ( ! frequ5t duty ( all4 ,b 9 ! tribe !re is little competition4 ,all "w = ! community1 or = ! family1 r ?an = individual int]e/s4 ,ea* man is prim>ily responsible1 n to ! /ate1 b to ! head ( 8 family or clan1 :o 9 turn answ]s = 8 family to ! tribal *ief4 ,c]ta9 ( ^! tribal in/itutions & ideals h left _! indelible impress on mod]n society4 ,! tribe 0 exclusive4 ,all ^? n born into ! tribe _h no "r1 no welcome !re1 = _! com+ w\ld t5d to re/rict ! common pa/urage4 ,!y w\ld be a burd54 ,?\gh ! t5t-dwell] might be hospitable to a gue/1 an ali5 _h no rights except on suff]ance4 ,if he 7 ne$y & 7 receiv$1 he usually became a s]f or slave4 ,& yet ?is exclusiv5ess is ! g]m ( our patriotism1 a noble trait t may ultimately1 b n soon1 be replac$ by a cosmopolitan love = humanity4 ,alli$ to ?is is ! p]sonal bond1 t obta9s 9 ! tribe1 in/ead ( ! t]ritorial unity ( ! mod]n /ate4 ,a ,fr5*man is su* because he is born 9 ,france2 an ,israelite is su* because he is ! son ( ,abraham & kn[s 8 p z 8 blood k9sm54 ,?is p]sonal tie makes = peace & democracy4 ,build+ on ?is ,jewi% tribal trait1 ,jesus calls all m5 bre?r5 because sons ( a common ,fa!r4 ,8 ,k+dom ( ,god1 likewise1 is n t]ritorial4 ,its citiz5s are b\nd toge!r by ! tribal bond ( a common bro!rhood & fa!rhood4 ,?us ! lessons1 s deeply impress$ 9 ! *ildhood ( ! race1 h a l>ge & gr[+ significance = ! pres5t & future4 ,que/ions = ,fur!r ,consid]ation4 ,:at reasons may be giv5 to prove t love = humanity is a virtue m useful to mod]n civilization ?an patriotism8 ,does ! movem5t = univ]sal peace f9d any enc\ragem5t 9 ! tea*+s ascrib$ to ,moses8 ,on :at gr\nds c ! conque/ ( ,canaan by ! ,israelites be def5d$8 ,h[ did x diff] f ! tak+ ( ,tripoli by ,italy8 ,or ( ,porto ,rico by ! ,unit$ ,/ates8 ,9 ! light ( ! olde/ records1 0 ,moses' "w 9 y\r judgm5t accompli%$ by natural or sup]natural me?ods8 ,:at 7 ! *ief *>act]i/ics ( ,moses8 ,:at place does he hold 9 hi/ory8 ,is mod]n socialism 9 any way a revival ( ! pr9ciples und]ly+ ! old tribal organization8 ,h[ f> did ,jesus 9 8 idea ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god build on ! old tribal idea8 ,subjects_/or ,fur!r ,/udy4 7#a7 ,*>act]i/ics ( ! ,wild]ness ,s\? ( ,pale/9e4 ,ha/+s1 ,dict4 ,bib4 ,,iii1 #eje-f4 ,k5t1 ,bib4 ,geog4 & ,hi/41 #db1 #dc4 7#b7 ,! ,religion ( ,moses4 ,ha/+s1 ,dict4 ,bib41 ,extra ,vol4 #fca-fcd2 ,m>ti1 ,old ,te/am5t ,religion1 #cf-ga4 7#c7 ,comp>e ! tribal organization & cu/oms ( ! ,israelites ) ^? ( ! ,am]ican ,indian tribes ( to-day4 ,publications ( ! ,indian ,association2 publications ( ! ,mohonk ,conf]5ces4 ,,/udy ,,xii ,a ,,nation',s ,,/ruggle ,,= ,a ,,home ,,& ,,fre$om4 ,,israel',s ,,victories ,,ov] ,,! ,,canaanites4--,jo%4 #b-i2 ,judg4 #a1 #d1 #e4 ,p>allel ,read+s4 ,hi/4 ,bible ,,ii1#a-d4a4 ,pr94 ( ,politics ,x4 ,t ! lead]s took ! lead 9 ,israel1 ,t ! p volunte]$ readily1 ,bless ,jehovah6 ,zebulun 0 a p :o expos$ !mselves to deadly p]il1 ,& ,naphtali on ! heights ( ! op5 field4 ,k+s came1 !y f\ght2 ,!y f\ght1 ! k+s ( ,canaan1 ,at ,taana* by ! ,wat]s ( ,megiddo1 ,!y took no booty ( silv]4 ,prom heav5 f\ght ! />s1 ,f _! c\rses f\ght aga9/ ,sis]a1 ,! riv] ,ki%on swept !m away1 ,t anci5t riv]1 ! riv] ,ki%on4 ,o my s\l1 m>* on ) /r5g?6 ,:5 did ! horse-ho(s res\nd ,) ! gallop+1 gallop+ ( _! /e$s8 --,judg4 #e1 #i1 #ah-bb 7,hi/4 ,bible74 ,?is 0 ,k+ ,ar?ur's dreame4 ,him ?\ght t !re 0 com5 into 8 l&e _m gryffons & s]p5ts1 & him ?\ght t !y br5t & slew all ! p 9 ! l&4 ,& !n him ?\ght t he f\ght ) !m1 & !y did him pass+ great damage & w\nd$ him full sore1 b at ! la/ he slewe !m all4--,malory1 ,hi/4 ( ,k+ ,ar?ur2 ,mort d' ,ar?ur4 ,"y g5tlem51 h a resolute life purpose4 ,don't get mad & don't get sc>$4--,burleson4 ,i4 ,,! ,,cross+ ,,( ,,! ,,jordan4 ,9 ! light ( ! prec$+ /udies1 ! motives t l$ ! ,hebrews to cross ! ,jordan become evid5t4 ,z ! ,pilgrim ,fa!rs1 to secure a home :]e !y might enjoy & develop _! own type ( belief & me?ods ( civilization1 brav$ ! dimly kn[n dang]s ( ! sea & ! wild]ness1 ! ,hebrews brav$ ! conte/s t unque/ionably lay be=e !m4 ,betwe5 ! ,sea ( ,galilee & ! ,dead ,sea ! ,jordan is =dable at ?irty po9ts dur+ c]ta9 p>ts ( ! ye>4 ,! fir/ ( ! two ma9 =ds 9 ! l[] ,jordan is j bel[ ! po9t :]e ! ,wady ,kelt ent]s ! ,jordan f ! we/ & deposits its mass ( mud & silt4 ,! o!r =d is six miles fur!r nor? bel[ ! po9t :]e ! ,wady ,nimr9 comes d[n f ! highl&s ( ,gilead4 ,"h to-day ! ma9 highway connect+ ! ea/ & ! we/-,jordan c\ntry crosses ! riv]4 ,?is spot 0 probably ! sc5e ( ! hi/oric cross+ at ! beg9n+ ( ,hebrew hi/ory4 ,c]ta9 writ]s hold t v>iant acc\nts ( ! mo/ important facts 9 e>ly ,hebrew hi/ory h "h be5 pres]v$4 ,traces ( ?ree diff]5t v]sions ( ! cross+ ( ! ,jordan may /ill1 9 _! judgm5t1 be f\nd 9 ! ?ird & f\r? *apt]s ( ! book ( ,jo%ua4 ,! late/ & mo/ famili> n>rative repres5ts ! cross+ z a sup]lative miracle & ! wat]s ( ! ru%+ riv] z pil$ up l a wall on ei!r side4 ,! ,nor!rn ,israelite v]sion appe>s to h /at$ t ! wat]s ( ! ,jordan 7 dri$ up1 imply+ t ! ,hebrews cross$ dur+ ! late summ] :5 ! riv] 0 easily =dable4 ,! e>lie/ n>rative1 ! ,judean prophetic1 /ates t ! wat]s rose up 9 a heap1 a great way (f at ,adam1 ! city t is beside ,z>a?an1 & ^? t w5t d[n t[>d ! ,sea ( ! ,arabah1 ! ,salt ,sea1 7 :olly cut (f 7,jo%4 #c3af;b74 ,f o!r ref]5ces 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t x w\ld appe> t ! city ( ,adam1 :i* means r$ e>?1 is to-day repres5t$ by ! ru9s ( ,ed-,damieh1 :i* /&s ne> ! fam\s ,damieh =d at ! po9t :]e ! riv] ,jabbok ent]s ! ,jordan4 ,x is int]e/+ to note 9 ?is connection t a reliable ,moslem hi/orian /ates t 9 ! ye> #abeg ,a4,d4 ! retreat+ ,moslems f\nd x neccess>y to repair ! f\ndations ( an important bridge :i* /ood at ?is po9t4 ,:5 ! workm5 arriv$ on ! sc5e !y 7 amaz$ to f9d ! riv]b$ empty & 7 able by work+ rapidly to complete ! repairs be=e ! wat]s came ru%+ d[n4 ,?is rem>kable ph5om5on seem$ to !m to be due to ! direct int]v5tion ( ,allah2 b ! hi/orian =tunately records ! cause3 x 0 a huge l&slide a little fur!r up ! riv] :i* tempor>ily damm$ its wat]s4 ,! olde/ ,biblical acc\nt ( ! cross+ ( ! ,jordan may po9t to a l natural cause4 ,if ?is be true1 does x imply t ,jehovah _h no "p 9 prep>+ ! way = ! future conque/s ( 8 p8 ,w\ld a miracle1 su* z t record$ 9 ! late-prie/ly tradition1 be any /rong] pro( ( ,god's pres5ce & activity 9 human hi/ory ?an are ! provisions :i* we to-day call natural8 ,,ii4 ,,! ,,canaanite ,,civilization4 ,contempor>y inscriptions & rec5t excavations make x possible to =m a v def9ite conception ( conditions 9 ,canaan :5 ! ,hebrews cross$ ! ,jordan4 ,! dom9ant civilization 0 t ( ! ,canaanites1 ! desc5dants ( ! ,semitic invad]s f ! des]t :o ent]$ ,pale/9e c5turies be=e ! ance/ors ( ! ,hebrews4 ,naturally !y settl$ fir/ along ! f]tile coa/ pla9s t skirt ! we/]n ,m$it]ranean4 ,9 lat] times ^! 7 kn[n z ! ,pho5icians4 ,z ! population increas$1 ! ,canaanites pu%$ _! outpo/s along ! broad valleys t p5etrat$ ! upl&s ( ,pale/9e4 ,^! valleys 7 especially f]tile & attractive 9 ! t]ritory lat] kn[n z ,galilee & ,sam>ia4 ,! wide ,pla9 ( ,esdraelon & its ea/w>d ext5sion1 ! ,valley ( ,jezreel1 cut /raight across ! c5tral plateau ( ,pale/9e4 ,! ,pla9 ( ,esdraelon 0 ! /ronge/ c5tre ( ! ,canaanite civilization4 ,a few outpo/s 7 e/abli%$ 9 ! ,jordan valley1 z = example1 ,lai%1 lat] kn[n z ,dan1 at ! foot ( ,m\nt ,h]mon1 & ,j]i*o1 at ! s\!rn end ( ! ,jordan valley4 ,only a few ,canaanite villages 7 f\nd along ! m b>r5 hills ( ,s\!rn ,canaan4 ,!re ! peoples & civilization /ill reta9$ ! impr9t ( _! des]t orig94 ,along ! coa/ pla9s & across ! great ,pla9 ( ,esdraelon ran ! ma9 highways t connect$ ! ?ree e>lie/ & mo/ n\ri%+ c5tres ( ! _w's civilization3 ! ,egyptian on ! s\?we/1 ! ,amorite on ! nor?1 probably betwe5 ! s\!rn ,lebanons1 & ! ,babylonian to ! ea/ & nor!a/4 ,= c5turies ! ,canaanites _h absorb$ ! ideas1 in/itutions1 & culture ( ^! /rong] peoples4 ,s fundam5tally _h ! ,babylonians impress$ ! ,canaanites t practically all ( ! inscriptions com+ f ?is e>ly p]iod are writt5 9 ! ,babylonian script4 ,ev5 9 writ+ to _! ,egyptian conqu]or dur+ ! f\rte5? c5tury1 ! ,canaanite k+s ( ,pale/9e us$ ?is same ,babylonian sy/em ( writ+4 ,! ,amorite civilization _h s /rongly influ5c$ ! ,canaanites t to-day x is difficult = ! ar*aeologi/ to di/+ui% betwe5 ! two4 ,by c]ta9 ( ! ,biblical writ]s ! t]ms ,canaanite & ,amorite are us$ int]*angeably4 ,z e>ly z #afjj ,b4,c4 ,egypt1 "u ! ambiti\s conqu]+ k+s ( ! ,eighte5? ,dyna/y1 _h ov]run ,pale/9e & = ! next ?ree or f\r c5turies rul$ x z a tribut>y prov9ce4 ,! ne>ness ( ,egypt made its influ5ce /ill m p[]ful1 s t 9 ne>ly e m\nd & ,canaanite ru9 ! excavator f9ds hundr$s ( rem9d]s ( ! pres5ce ( ! ,egyptian civilization4 ,! ,canaanites _h long s9ce left beh9d !m ! nomadic /ate & _h develop$ a /rong agricultural & comm]cial civilization4 ,_! life c5t]$ ab\t c]ta9 important cities l ,megiddo on ! s\?we/]n side & ,be?%ean on ! ea/]n side ( ! ,pla9 ( ,esdraelon4 ,_! cities 7 usually built on a l[-ly+ hill 9 ! mid/ ( ri* encircl+ pla9s4 ,!y 7 provid$ ) ?ick mud walls1 beh9d :i* ! inhabitants felt secure f attack4 ,ov] ea* city rul$ a petty k+1 ^: au?ority1 h[ev]1 did n ext5d f> beyond ! surr\nd+ fields t belong$ to ! inhabitants ( ! t[n4 ,g5]ally ^! city /ates 7 indep5d5t4 ,9 _m cases !y 7 ho/ile to ea* o!r2 & ! long rule ( ,egypt _h t5d$ to int5sify ?is ho/ility1 = ,egypt _h dep5d$ ^u ?is local jeal\sy to ma9ta9 its control4 ,! div]sifi$ physical cont\r ( ,pale/9e likewise /r5g!n$ ?is t5d5cy t[>d sep>ation r ?an unity4 ,?is type ( political organization favor$ ! gr[? ( poly!ism r ?an ! wor%ip ( "o god4 ,ea* city _h its local god or baal1 :i* 0 wor%ipp$ at a high place ei!r )9 ! city or on "s adjac5t height1 :ile 9 ! l>g] cities elaborate alt>s & temples 7 re>$ to !m4 ,^! local deities 7 reg>d$ z ! gods ( f]tility :i* gave to _! wor%ipp]s ample h>ve/s & num]\s (fspr+ bo? ( ! family & ( ! nock4 ,! pr9ciple ( g5]ation occupi$ su* a prom95t place 9 ! ,canaanite cults t 9 "t !y became exce$+ly immoral & debas+4 ,to secure ! favor ( _! gods ! ,canaanites br\ght ri* sacrifices to _! alt>s & obs]v$ c]ta9 great annual fe/ivals ) c]emonies v simil> to ^? lat] adopt$ by ! ,hebrews4 ,:ile ! ,canaanites 7 on a mu* high] plane ( mat]ial civilization ?an ! ,hebrews1 !y ultimately fell a prey to ^? h>dy invad]s ( ! des]t3 7#a7 ,because !y 7 incapable ( /rong unit$ action1 & 7#b7 because _! civilization 0 corrupt & en]vat+4 ,c\rage & real patriotism 7 almo/ unkn[n to !m ev5 z e>ly z ! sev5te5? c5tury ,b4,c41 :5 ! ,egyptian k+ ,?utmose ,,iii invad$ ! l& ( ,pale/9e4 ,_! /rong walls & _! sup]ior milit>y equipm5t1 h[ev]1 made _! imm$iate conque/ by ! ,hebrews impossible4 ,?is expla9s :y ! e>lie/ acc\nt ( ! initial conque/1 n[ f\nd 9 ,judges #a1 is *iefly devot$ to rec\nt+ ! /rong ,canaanite cities :i* ! ,hebrews fail$ to conqu]4 ,,iii4 ,,! ,,capture ,,( ,,! ,,outpo/s ,,( ,,pale/9e4 ,9 ! light ( our pres5t k ( ! ,canaanite civilization x becomes evid5t :y mo/ ( ! e>ly ,hebrew conque/s 7 9 ! s\?4 ,! only l>ge ,canaanite city :i* !y c\ld conqu] 9 ! e>ly days 0 ,j]i*o4 ,rec5t excavations h also %[n :y lat] g5]ations reg>d$ its capture by ! ,hebrews z a miracle1 al?\gh _m mod]n int]pret]s hold t ! e>ly acc\nt does n imply t x 0 by sup]natural means4 ,l mo/ ( ! ,canaanite cities1 x 0 situat$ on a slightly ris+ em95ce1 close to ! foo?ills t on ! we/ rose abruptly to ! c5tral plateau ( ,canaan4 ,nor?w>d1 ea/w>d1 & s\?w>d1 ext5d$ = miles ! level pla9 ( ! ,jordan riv]1 :i* pl[$ its way ?r\gh its alluvial b$1 six miles ea/ ( ,j]i*o4 ,close by ! site ( ! anci5t city came ! p]5nial wat]s ( ! ,wady ,kelt ) :i* x 0 possible to irrigate its fields4 ,pa/ ! t[n ran ! ma9 highway f across ! ,jordan1 along ! nor!rn side ( ! ,wady ,kelt1 to jo9 ! great c5tral highway t ext5d$ ?r\gh ! c5tre ( ,pale/9e4 ,j]i*o 01 !re=e1 ! key to ! l& ( ,canaan1 & its capture 0 necess>y if ! ,hebrews 7 to ma9ta9 _! connection ) _! k9sm5 ea/ ( ! ,jordan4 ,! ru9s ( ! anci5t ,canaanite t[n rise betwe5 =ty & fifty feet above ! pla94 ,x is an oblong m\nd conta9+ altoge!r ab\t twelve acres4 ,! excavations h disclos$ a l>ge "p ( ! encircl+ wall4 ,x 0 a con/ruction ( excell5t workman%ip :i* /ill /&s practically intact1 te/ify+ to ! accuracy ( ! e>ly ,hebrew tradition4 ,its f\ndation is a wall ( rubble sixte5 feet high & six to eight feet ?ick1 slop+ inw>d4 ,on ! top ( ?is f\ndation1 :i* re/$ on ! native rock1 0 built a supplem5tal wall ( burnt brick six or sev5 feet 9 ?ickness & ris+ ev5 n[ 9 its ru9$ condition on an av]age eight feet above ! l[] wall4 ,?us ! orig9al wall mu/ h t[]$ betwe5 tw5ty & ?irty feet above ! pla94 ,at ! nor!rn end ( ! city /ood ! citadel1 made ( unburnt brick1 ?ree /ories high4 ,ev5 ! /one /aircase :i* l$ to ! top is /ill intact4 ,accord+ to ^! inve/igators ! late tradition t ^! walls fell flat to ! e>? z ! result ( a miracle f9ds no confirmation 9 ! ru9s !mselves4 ,! old] ,hebrew acc\nt1 h[ev]1 9 _! judgm5t agrees p]fectly ) ! evid5ce reveal$ by ! spade ( ! excavator4 ,9 imag9ation x is easy to foll[ ! p]il\s j\rney ( ! ,hebrew spies & to appreciate ! importance ( ! negotiations by :i* !y secur$ ! co-op]ation ( ,rahab & ( ! clan )9 ,j]i*o :i* %e repres5t$4 ,lat] come ! ,hebrew hordes f across ! ,jordan be>+ ) !m ! ark :i* symboliz$ to !m ! pres5ce ( ,jehovah1 :o _h l$ !m on to victory 9 _m an e>ly battle4 ,beh9d _! impregnable walls ! inhabitants ( ,j]i*o mu/ h laugh$ scornfully at ! des]t ho/1 t seem$ utt]ly incapable ( an effective attack or ( a protract$ siege4 ,accord+ to _m mod]n int]pret]s ! e>lie/ ,hebrew ho/ m>*$ sil5tly ab\t ! ,canaanite /ronghold4 ,at fir/ ! inhabitants ( ,j]i*o1 accu/om$ to ,arab /rategy1 und\bt$ly held !mselves ready = def5ce4 ,:5 no attack came1 _! vigilance 0 gradually relax$4 ,at la/ on ! sev5? day1 :5 conditions 7 favorable1 at ! preconc]t$ signal1 a trumpet bla/1 ! ,hebrews ru%$ t[>d ! walls1 ! gates 7 probably op5$ by _! allies )9 ! city1 & ,j]i*o 0 quickly captur$4 ,! me?od ( attack record$ 9 ! prophetic n>rative 0 v simil> to ! /rategy us$ a little lat] by ! ,hebrews 9 ! capture ( ! small] t[ns ( ,ai & ,be!l4 ,!y are ! me?ods /ill employ$ by ! ,b$\9s 9 _! attacks ^u ! outpo/s ( ,pale/9e4 ,! fi]ce nomadic in/9cts ( ^! e>ly ,hebrew w>riors are reveal$ by ! fate :i* !y visit$ ^u ,j]i*o & its inhabitants4 ,! rec5t excavations confirm ! ,biblical te/imony t = sev]al c5turies aft] its initial capture ! anci5t t[n 0 left a heap ( ru9s4 ,its inhabitants 7 sla9 z a great sacrificial (f]+ to ,jehovah1 ^: true "* z "o :o loves all mank9d 0 fir/ appreciat$ by ! inspir$ prophets ( a mu* lat] ,f ! pla9 ( ,j]i*o two or ?ree roads l$ up to ! c5tral plateau ( ,canaan4 ,! ma9 road along ! ,wady ,kelt ran pa/ ! villages ( ,ai & ,be!l4 ,at mo/ !y 7 small t[ns & easily captur$4 ,along ?is highway w5t ! ,hebrew tribes lat] kn[n z ! ,ephraimites & ,manassites4 ,! o!r roads l$ ?r\gh ! wild]ness s\?we/w>d to ! he>t ( ,judah4 ,! fronti] t[n ( ,bezek1 m5tion$ 9 ! anci5t n>rative ( ,judges1 has n yet be5 id5tifi$4 ,! "n is p]haps b a scribal corruption ( ,be?lehem or ( ,be?zur fur!r to ! s\?4 ,! o!r t[ns ultimately captur$ by ! s\!rn tribes 7 ,hebron1 ) its copi\s wat] supply1 ,debir to ! s\?we/1 & ,arad & ,hormah :i* lay on ! bord]s ( ! ,s\? ,c\ntry4 ,! capture ( ^! six or sev5 outpo/s repres5ts ! fir/ /age 9 ! conque/ & settlem5t ( ,pale/9e4 ,x 0 significant because x meant t ! p f ! wild]ness _h ga9$ a foo?old 9 ! l& :]e !y ultimately f\nd _! home4 ,x inaugurat$ ,israel's pione] p]iod4 ,! ,hebrews 7 no long] homeless w&]]s 9 ! des]t1 nor soj\rn]s 9 a =eign l&4 ,at ?is po9t ,israel's hi/ory z a nation prop]ly beg9s1 al?\gh ! complete union ( ! tribes 0 n consummat$ until ne>ly a c5tury lat]4 ,,iv4 ,,ways ,,by ,,:i* ,,! ,,israelites ,,won ,,_! ,,homes4 ,! impression convey$ by ! lat] passages 9 ! book ( ,jo%ua t ! ,hebrews )9 a p]iod ( sev5 ye>s became complete ma/]s ( ! l& ( ,canaan is diff]5t f t made by ! old] records 9 ,judges4 ,^! indicate t ! process 0 gradual1 ext5d+ ?r\gh sev]al g5]ations4 ,except at two or ?ree great crises1 ?is conque/ appe>s to h be5 peaceful r ?an by ! sword1 a process ( settlem5t & colonization r ?an ( capture4 ,today ?r\gh\t _m p>ts ( ,pale/9e "o may /ill see1 close to ! cities1 ! black t5ts & ! flocks ( ! ,b$\9 immigrants4 ,9 ! days ( ! ,hebrew settlem5t ! ,canaanites 7 l>gely conf9$ to ! f]tile valleys4 ,! upl&s 7 /ill op5 to ! m5 f ! des]t4 ,"h ! ,hebrews pit*$ _! t5ts & f9ally built _! rude homes4 ,9 ?is m favorable environm5t _! families & _! flocks gradually increas$ until !y began to encroa* ^u ! t]ritory already occupi$ by ! old] inhabitants4 ,! result+ qu>rels & diff]5ces 7 sometimes settl$ by ! appeal to ! sword2 m frequ5tly by alliances seal$ by int]m>riages4 ,! e>ly n>rative 9 ! n9? & t5? *apt]s ( ! book ( ,judges gives a vivid picture ( ! result+ condition3 9 ! /rong ,canaanite city ( ,%e*em1 ,hebrews & ,canaanites _h s f> int]m>ri$ t ,abimele*1 a product ( ?is int]m>riage1 succe$$ 8 fa!r ,gideon z k+ ( ! fir/ little ,hebrew k+dom4 ,at ,%e*em ,hebrews & ,canaanites also wor%ipp$ side by side 9 ! common sanctu>y1 :i* 0 kn[n z ! temple ( ,baal ( ! ,cov5ant4 ,"u ! pressure ( ! increas$ population c]ta9 ( ! ,hebrew tribes migrat$ & seiz$ new t]ritory4 ,su* a migration is vividly record$ 9 ,judges #ag & #ah4 ,! little tribe ( ! ,danites1 f9d+ ! pressure ( _! k9sm5 on ! nor? & ea/ & t ( ! ,phili/9es on ! we/ too /rong1 captur$ ! ,canaanite city ( ,lai% at ! foot ( ,m\nt ,h]mon & ?us f\nd a p]man5t home 9 ! upp] ,jordan valley4 ,x 0 a cruel1 b>b>\s age 9 :i* might 0 reg>d$ z "r4 ,?us1 ,ehud ! ,b5jamite1 :o trea*]\sly ga9$ admittance to ! pres5ce ( ,eglon1 secretly slew ?is ,moabite oppressor ( ! ,hebrews4 ,?is act in/ead ( be+ condemn$ 0 reg>d$ !n & ev5 by lat] g5]ations z an example ( c\rage\s patriotism4 ,0 8 act ju/ifiable8 ,h[ w\ld x be reg>d$ 9 ,am]ica to-day8 ,v4 ,,deborah',s ,,rally ,,( ,,! ,,hebrews4 ,! gr[+ numb]s & /r5g? ( ! ,israelites at la/ al>m$ ! ,canaanites4 ,a c]ta9 lead] by ! "n ( ,sis]a =m$ a coalition ( ! /rong ,canaanite cities encircl+ ! ,pla9 ( ,esdraelon4 ,! c5tre ( ?is coalition 0 ! p[]ful city ( ,megiddo1 ! ru9s ( :i* on ! s\?-we/]n side ( ! pla9 /ill rema9 to te/ify to ! natural /r5g? ( ?is anci5t /ronghold4 ,! policy ( ! ,canaanites 0 to keep ! diff]5t ,hebrew clans ap>t & ?us prev5t unit$ action4 ,9 ! words ( ! anci5t song3 ,9 ! days ( ,jael ! highways 7 unus$1 ,& travell]s walk$ by r\nd-ab\t pa?s4 ,! rul]s ceas$ 9 ,israel2 ,a %ield 0 n se5 9 five cities ,nor a spe> among =ty ?\s&4 ,! "o :o alone appe>s to h und]/ood ! crisis & to h be5 able to /ir ! ,israelites to action 0 ,deborah1 ! prophetess ( ! c5tral tribe ( ,issa*>4 ,israel's /ruggle = indep5d5ce is graphically record$ 9 ! anci5t poem f\nd 9 ,judges #e4 ,! lat] prose v]sion ( ! incid5t1 f\nd 9 ,judges #d1 supplem5ts ! e>li] poem4 ,to a *ief ( a nor!rn tribe ( ,nap?ali1 a c]ta9 ,b>ak1 %e turn$ z ! natural lead] 9 ! /ruggle = indep5d5ce4 ,toge!r !y s5t out ! summons to ! diff]5t nor!rn tribes4 ,! s\!rn tribes ( ,judah & ,simeon 7 app>5tly ignor$4 ,! di/ant tribes ( ,a%]1 ,dan & ,reub5 7 engross$ 9 _! local int]e/s & fail$ to respond4 ,! tribesm5 :o ralli$ =ty ?\s& /rong on ! nor!rn side ( ! ,pla9 ( ,esdraelon repres5t$ ! great c5tral ,hebrew clans4 ,! anci5t song1 sung by ! wom5 z !y met ! return+ w>riors1 makes x possible to recon/ruct ! battle sc5e4 ,?r\gh ! broad valleys t lead into ! ,pla9 ( ,esdraelon f ! nor? came ! s9ewy1 unkempt1 r\ghly clad & poorly equipp$ ,hebrew tribesm51 ea* clan l$ by its local *ief4 ,!y _h come up to ! help ( ,jehovah aga9/ ! mighty4 ,tribal patriotism1 ! memory ( pa/ grievances1 ! desire = plund]1 & zeal = ,jehovah ! ,god :o _h l$ _! =efa!rs ?r\gh ! wild]ness into ! l& ( ,canaan1 /irr$ _! c\rage & fir$ !m to de$s ( valor4 ,well !y *ose _! battlefield1 out on ! pla9 on ! nor!rn side ( ! muddy1 sluggi% riv] ,ki%on4 ,on ! slightly ris+ gr\nd !y fac$ ! ,canaanite w>riors :o came out across ! pla9 f ! city ( ,megiddo1 six miles away4 ,! ,canaanites 7 arm$ ) *>iots & ! be/ weapons t ! e>ly ,semitic civilization c\ld produce1 b "o ?+ !y lack$1--c\rage1 fir$ by religi\s zeal4 ,aga9 a /rik+ natural ph5om5on appe>s sudd5ly to h turn$ ! tide ( ,israel's =tune4 ,on ! eve ( battle a dr5*+ ?und]/orm seems to h swept across ! alluvial pla9 trans=m+ x into a morass & ! sluggi% ,ki%on into a ru%+1 un=dable riv]4 ,9 ! words ( ! anci5t triumphal ode3 ,f heav5 f\ght ! />s1 ,f _! c\rses f\ght aga9/ ,sis]a4 ,! riv] ,ki%on swept !m away1 ,! anci5t riv]1 ! riv] ,ki%on4 ,o my s\l1 m>* on ) /r5g?6 ,!n did ! horse-ho(s res\nd ,) ! gallop+1 gallop+ ( _! /e$s4 ,! ,hebrew ev5 br+s out ! s\nd ( ! suck+ ( ! horses' ho(s 9 ! s(t mud4 ,! /orm n only gave to ! ,hebrews1 :o 7 on foot1 a va/ advantage1 b x meant to !m t ,jehovah1 ^: *>iot 0 ! cl\ds1 8 weapons1 ! lightn+1 & :o spoke ?r\gh ! ?und]s1 0 fight+ 9 _! behalf4 ,! victory 0 ov]:elm+4 ,sis]a1 ! ,canaanite lead]1 fl$1 b only to fall lat]1 ignom9i\sly sla9 by a woman4 ,h5ce=? ! ,canaanite cities ( c5tral ,pale/9e 7 occupi$ by ! ,hebrews4 ,! vanqui%$ 7 ei!r enslav$ or absorb$ 9 int]m>riage4 ,f !m1 h[ev]1 ! ,hebrews le>n$ skill 9 agriculture & receiv$ a h]itage ( art1 ideas & cu/oms t _h be5 develop$ by ! ,canaanites = _m c5turies4 ,h[ f> 0 ?is h]itage b5eficial to ! ,hebrews8 ,:at temptations did x br+ to !m8 ,did x m>k a /ep =w>d 9 _! developm5t8 ,7 ! e>ly ,hebrews a pure or a mix$ race8 ,m important ?an ! spoils & l&s :i* fell to ! ,hebrews 0 ! new demon/ration ( ,jehovah's ability & will+ness to deliv] 8 p :i* !y receiv$ 9 ! battle beside ,ki%on4 ,?r\gh\t all ( ,israel's colonial p]iod ! *ief =ce b9d+ ! scatt]$ ,hebrew tribes toge!r 0 _! fai? 9 ,jehovah4 ,! victory greatly /r5g!n$ t fai? & prep>$ ! way = ! clos] union :i* 0 necess>y be=e ,israel c\ld become a p]man5t =ce among ! nations ( ! e>?4 ,! vision ( :at !y _h be5 able to a*ieve ?r\gh unit$ action nev] completely fad$ f ! memory ( ! ,hebrews4 ,_! subsequ5t exp]i5ces also t5d$ to revive ?is memory4 ,amid/ ! w>r+ elem5ts 9 ,pale/9e a p[]ful nation 0 gradually tak+ =m2 9 ! s*ool ( h>d exp]i5ce x 0 le>n+ ! lessons t 7 fitt+ x = a l>ge life4 ,,vi4 ,,! ,,f9al ,,/age ,,9 ,,! ,,mak+ ,,op ,,! ,,hebrew ,,nation4 ,! f9al /age 9 ! evolution ( ,israel is record$ 9 ! op5+ *apt]s ( ,i ,samuel & is be/ /udi$ 9 detail 9 connection ) ! hi/ory ( ! nation at its z5i?4 ,we h /udi$ ! =ces :i* made ! nation4 ,a brief summ>y w indicate ! transition to ! next p]iod1 t ( ! k+dom4 ,! victory ov] ! ,canaanites gave ! ,hebrews possession ( ! l& & left !m free to coalesce into a unit$ nation2 b ! c5trifugal tribe _s = a "t prov$ ! /rong]4 ,"u ,gideon a beg9n+ 0 made 9 k+dom mak+1 b ow+ to ! cruelty & ineffici5cy ( 8 son ,abimele*1 ! fir/ ,hebrew /ate la/$ little m ?an a g5]ation4 ,! compell+ p[] t f9ally br\ght all ! rival ,hebrew tribes toge!r "u a common lead] 0 ! conque/ ( _! t]ritory by ! w>like1 ambiti\s ,phili/9es4 ,9 inspir+ ! ,b5jamite *iefta9 ,saul to deliv] 8 c\ntrym5 9 _! h\r ( %ame & p]il1 ,samuel ! prophet prov$ ! true fa!r ( ! ,hebrew k+dom4 ,"u ! compulsion ( common dang] ! ,israelites n only foll[$ ,saul to victory1 b also made him _! k+4 ,f ?is "t on ,israel took its place among ! nations ( ! e>?4 ,dur+ _! =mative p]iod ! ,hebrews acquir$ _m *>act]i/ics t !y h reta9$ ?r\gh\t _! hi/ory4 ,f _! e>ly nomadic life !y inh]it$ physical /r5g?1 h>dihood1 adaptability ev5 to ! mo/ unfavorable environm5t1 c\rage1 p]sev]ance & t individual initiative & self-reliance :i* come f protract$ /ruggles aga9/ seem+ly insup]able odds4 ,x 0 a h>% b ?or\gh s*ool 9 :i* ! infant nation ,israel 0 tra9$4 ,_! life 9 ! wild]ness & 9 ! p]iod ( settlem5t also develop$ an int5se love = fre$om & t democratic _s t 0 ! glory ( ,israel & ! f\ndation ( its political in/itutions4 ,p pass+ _! "t *iefly out ( doors & enjoy+ ! uplift+ /imulus ( an unfett]$ life 9 ! op5 naturally acquire a feel+ ( awe & rev]5ce = ! ,god ( nature t is (t5 lack+ 9 ! city dwell]4 ,especially is ?is true if1 l ! e>ly ,hebrews1 ! dwell]s 9 ! op5 feel t ne$ ( div9e protection :i* is begott5 by con/ant exposure to dang]1 hung]1 h>d%ip & ho/ile foes4 ,! _m crises & ! signal deliv]ances t came to ! ,hebrews n only int5sifi$ _! fai?1 b also gave !m ! consci\sness t ! ,god 9 :om !y put _! tru/ 0 bo? able & eag] to deliv] !m4 ,prophets l ,moses /r5g!n$ ! popul> s5se ( ,jehovah's imm$iate pres5ce & int]pret$ ! significance ( ea* ev5t4 ,israel's e>ly fai? 0 simple1 l t ( a little *ild4 ,:ile its beliefs 7 crude1 its tru/ 0 /rong4 ,x 0 ?is tru/ & loyalty t c>ri$ ! *ild nation ?r\gh its e>ly crises & ultimately b\nd toge!r ! sep>ate tribes into a unit$ commonweal?4 ,?us ,israel's e>ly hi/ory illu/rates ! fundam5tal tru?1 t ! mo/ ess5tial1 ! mo/ p[]ful =ce 9 ! mak+ ( a nation is a simple1 practical1 e-day religion4 ,que/ions = ,fur!r ,consid]ation4 ,%\ld ! successful & easy cross+ ( ! ,jordan by ! ,israelites be ascrib$ to miracle or to _! own promptness 9 seiz+ an opportunity unexpect$ly (f]$8 ,9 :at ways did ! religi\s zeal ( ! anci5t ,hebrews 9 battle diff] f ! fanatical zeal ( ! mod]n ,moslem 9 fight+ ! ,*ri/ians8 ,or ! zeal ( ! ,japanese be=e ,port ,ar?ur8 ,:51 if ev]1 is assass9ation ju/ifiable z a political exp$i5t8 ,give y\r reasons4 ,7 ! ,hebrews ju/ifi$ 9 ! me?ods employ$ 9 secur+ control ( ,pale/9e8 ,is x "r = a progressive nation to compel a backw>d nation to submit8 ,7 ! ,am]icans on ?is gr\nd ju/ifi$ 9 seiz+ ! l&s ( ! ,indians8 ,:at 7 ! *ief t5ets 9 ! e>ly fai? ( ! ,hebrews8 ,h[ did ,israel's fai? affect its political developm5t8 ,9 :at important ways 0 religion effective 9 mak+ ! ,engli% /ate8 ,! ,am]ican commonweal?8 ,subjects = ,fur!r ,/udy4 7#a7 ,! ,/ructure & ,lit]>y ,hi/ory ( ! ,book ( ,judges1 ,mc,fadyen1 ,introd4 to ,o4 ,t4 #gf-hc2 ,k5t1 ,/ud5t's ,o4 ,t4 ,i1 #bf1 #bg4 7#b7 ,conditions 9 ,canaan at ! ,"t ( ! ,hebrew ,settlem5t4 ,paton1 ,e>ly ,hi/4 ( ,syria & ,pal41 #aeg-fj2 ,masp]o1 ,/ruggle ( ! ,nations1 #aaa-bjh2 ,encyc4 ,bib4 ,,ii1 #bbbc-e4 7#c7 ,! ,motives t ,inspir$ ! ,lead]s ( ! ,am]ican ,revolution4 ,fiske1 ,lodge1 ,bancr(t or o!r writ]s on ?is p]iod4