,,the ,,united ,,states ,,in ,,the      
,,light ,,of ,,prophecy2    ,,or1 ,,an  
,,exposition ,,of ,,rev4 #ac3aa-ag4     
,,by ,,uriah ,,smith4    #ahgd          
,and he doeth great wonders1 so that he 
maketh fire come down from    heaven on 
the earth in the sight of men4 ,,rev4   
#ac3ac4              ,preface4      ,if 
we read the signs of the times aright1  
events are soon to transpire  of such a 
nature as to preclude the necessity of  
any apology for the  publication of what
 is contained in the following pages4   
,the numerous  rays of light now shining
 from the book of prophecy1 seem to find
 their  focal point in our own times4   
,the present age is illuminated in this 
respect above all others4 ,here we find 
the most emphatic touches of the        
prophetic pencil4 ,the events to        
transpire1 and the agents therein       
concerned1 are brought out in a vivid   
and startling light4    ,the question   
naturally arises1 what part the ,united 
,states has to act in  these scenes2 for

 it must seem reasonable and probable   
that a nation  which has arisen so      
suddenly as ours1 made such unparalleled
 progress1  and attained to such a      
pinnacle of greatness and power1 must be
 a  subject of divine prophecy1 or at   
least of divine providence4    ,to this 
question the following pages undertake  
to give a brief but  scriptural1 and so 
a reasonable and conclusive answer2 and 
to such only  as do not believe that    
,god ever foretells the history of      
nations1 or  that his providence ever   
works in their development and decline1 
can  the subject fail to be one of      
interest4    ,that this little treatise 
is exhaustive of the subject is not     
claimed2  but some facts are presented  
which are thought to be worthy of       
serious  consideration1 and enough      
evidence1 we trust1 produced in favor of
 the  position taken to show the reader 
that the subject is not one of mere     
theory1 but of the highest practical    
importance2 and so enough to  stimulate 

thought and lead to further inquiry4    
,if the position here taken be correct1 
this subject is to be one of            
continually-increasing interest1 and    
information respecting it is  necessary 
to an understanding of our duties and   
responsibilities in the  solemn and     
important times that are upon us4 ,it is
 in this light that we  especially      
commend it to the serious consideration 
of the reader4    ,u4,s4    ,,battle    
,,creek1 ,mich41 ,june1 #ahgd4          
,contents      ,chapter ,one4           
,probabilities ,considered1 ,pp4 #i-ai  
,chapter ,two4        ,a ,chain ,of     
,prophecy1 #bj-cj      ,chapter ,three4 
,location ,of ,the ,two-horned ,beast1  
#ca-dj      ,chapter ,four4             
,chronology ,of ,the ,two-horned ,beast1
 #da-ea      ,chapter ,five4        ,the
 ,united ,states ,have ,arisen ,in ,the 
,exact ,manner ,in ,which ,john         
,saw ,the ,two-horned ,beast ,coming    
,up1 #eb-fi      ,chapter ,six4         
,character ,of ,the ,government         

,represented ,by ,the ,two-horned       
,beast1 #gj-gh      ,chapter ,seven4    
,the ,dragon ,voice1 #gi-hh             
,chapter ,eight4        ,he ,doeth      
,great ,wonders1 #hi-ajj      ,chapter  
,nine4        ,an ,image ,to ,the       
,beast1 #aja-aaa      ,chapter ,ten4    
,the ,mark ,of ,the ,beast1 #aab-acb    
,chapter ,eleven4        ,the ,beginning
 ,of ,the ,end1 #acc-afj          ,the  
,united ,states ,in ,the ,light ,of     
,prophecy4          ,chapter ,one4      
,probabilities ,considered4      ,the   
,united ,states--what are they8 ,two    
hundred years ago1 this question  could 
not have been answered2 it could not    
even have been asked4 ,now it  can be   
answered by the dwellers in every       
quarter of the globe4 ,then a  few small
 settlements of earnest men1 flying from
 the religious  intolerance of the ,old 
,world1 dotted a narrow strip of coast  
line on our  ,new ,england border4 ,now 
a mighty nation1 with a vast expanse of 
territory stretching from ocean to      

ocean1 and from regions almost arctic   
on the north to regions equally torrid  
on the south1 embracing more  square    
leagues of habitable land than ,rome    
ruled over in its palmiest  days1 here  
holds a position of independence and    
glory among the nations  of the earth4  
,and the sound of this new nation has   
gone into all the world4 ,it has        
reached the toiling millions of ,europe2
 and they are swarming to our  shores to
 share its blessings4 ,it has gone to   
the islands of the sea2  and they have  
sent their contributions4 ,it has       
reached the ,orient1 and  opened as with
 a password the gates of nations long   
barred against  intercourse with other  
powers2 and ,china and ,japan1 turning  
from their  beaten track of forty       
centuries1 are looking with wonder at   
the prodigy  arising across the ,pacific
 to the east of them1 and catching some 
of the  impulse which this growing power
 is imparting to the nations of the     
earth4    ,less than one hundred years  

ago1 with three millions of people1 the 
,united ,states became an independent   
government4 ,it has now a population  of
 thirty-eight and a half millions of    
people1 and a territory of three  and a 
half millions of square miles4 ,russia  
alone exceeds this nation in  these     
particulars1 having forty millions more 
of people1 and four  millions more      
square miles of territory4 ,of all other
 nations on the  globe whose laws are   
framed by legislative bodies elected by 
the people1  ,brazil1 which has the     
largest territory1 has not quite three  
millions of  square miles2 and ,france1 
the most populous1 has not probably1    
considering her late reverses and       
misfortunes1 a greater number of        
inhabitants than our own country4 ,so   
that in point of territory and          
population combined1 it will be seen    
that the ,united ,states now stand at   
the head of the self-governing powers of
 the earth4    ,occupying a position    
altogether unique1 this government      

excites equally  the astonishment and   
admiration of all beholders4 ,the main  
features of  its history are such as    
have had no parallel since the          
distinction of  nations existed among   
men4    #a4 ,no nation ever acquired so 
vast a territory in so quiet a manner4  
#b4 ,no nation ever rose to such        
greatness by so peaceable means4    #c4 
,no nation ever advanced so rapidly in  
all that constitutes national  strength 
and capital4    #d4 ,no nation ever rose
 to such a pinnacle of power in a space 
of time so  incredibly short4    #e4 ,no
 nation in so limited a time has        
developed such unlimited  resources4    
#f4 ,no nation has ever existed founded 
on principles of justice so pure  and   
undefiled4    #g4 ,no nation has ever   
existed in which the conscience of men  
have been  left so untrammeled and free4
    #h4 ,in no nation and in no age of  
the world1 have the arts and sciences   
so flourished1 so many improvements been
 made1 and so great successes  been     

achieved1 as in our own country during  
the last fifty years4    #i4 ,in no     
nation and in no age has the gospel     
found such freedom1 and the  churches of
 ,christ had such liberty to spread     
abroad their principles  and develop    
their strength4    #aj4 ,no age of the  
world has seen such an immigration as   
that which is  now pouring into our     
borders from all lands the millions who 
have long  groaned under despotic       
governments1 and who now turn to this   
broad  territory of freedom as the      
avenue of hope1 the ,utopia of the      
nations4    ,the most discerning minds  
have been intuitively impressed with the
 idea  of the future greatness and power
 of this government4 ,in view of the    
grand results developed and developing1 
the discovery of ,america by  ,columbus1
 not four hundred years ago1 is set down
 as the greatest event  of all secular  
history4 ,the progress of empire to this
 land was long ago  expected4    ,sir   
,thomas ,brown1 in #afhb1 predicted the 

growth of a power here1 which  would    
rival the ,european kingdoms in strength
 and prowess4    ,in ,burnaby's ,travels
 through the middle settlements of      
,north ,america1 in  #agei and #agfj1   
published in #agge1 is expressed this   
sentiment3--         ,an idea1 strange  
as it is visionary1 has entered into the
 minds of       the generality of       
mankind1 that empire is traveling       
westward2 and       every one is looking
 forward with eager and impatient       
expectation       to that destined      
moment when ,america is to give the law 
to the rest       of the world4    ,john
 ,adams1 ,oct4 #ab1 #agge1 wrote3---    
,soon after the ,reformation1 a few     
people came over into this ,new         
,world for conscience' sake4 ,perhaps   
this apparently trivial       incident  
may transfer the great seat of empire to
 ,america4    ,on the day after the     
,declaration of ,independence1 he       
wrote3--         ,yesterday the greatest
 question was decided which ever was    

debated       in ,america1 and a greater
 perhaps never was1 nor will be1 decided
       among men4    ,in #aggf1         
,galiani1 a ,neapolitan1 predicted the  
gradual decay of ,european              
institutions1 to renew themselves in    
,america4 ,in #aggh1 in reference to    
the question as to which was to be the  
ruling power in the world1 ,europe  or  
,america1 he said3--         ,i will    
wager in favor of ,america4    ,adam    
,smith of ,scotland1 in #aggf1 predicted
 the transfer of empire to  ,america4   
,governor ,pownal1 an ,english          
statesman1 in #aghj1 while our          
,revolution was  in progress1 predicted 
that this country would become          
independent1 and  that a civilizing     
activity beyond what ,europe could ever 
know1 would  animate it2 and that its   
commercial and naval power would be     
found in  every quarter of the globe4   
,again he said3--         ,north        
,america has advanced1 and is every day 
advancing1 to growth       of state1    

with a steady and continually           
accelerating motion1 of       which     
there never has yet been any example in 
,europe4    ,david ,hartley wrote from  
,england in #aggg3--         ,at sea1   
which has hitherto been our prerogative 
element1 they the       ,united ,states 
rise against us at a stupendous rate2   
and if we       cannot return to our old
 mutual hospitalities toward each other1
 a       very few years will show us a  
most formidable hostile marine1         
ready to join hands with any of our     
enemies4    ,count d',aranda1 one of the
 first of ,spanish statesmen1 in #aghc  
thus  wrote of this republic3--         
,this ,federal ,republic is born a      
pygmy1 so to speak4 ,it required        
the support and forces of two powers as 
great as ,spain and ,france       in    
order to attain independence4 ,a day    
will come when it will be a       giant1
 even a colossus formidable in these    
countries4#a    #a ,these quotations are
 from an article by ,hon4 ,charles      

,sumner1  entitled1 ,prophetic ,voices  
about ,america1 published in the        
,atlantic  ,monthly of ,september1      
#ahjg4    ,of these prophecies1 some are
 now wholly fulfilled1 and the rest far 
on  the road to fulfillment4 ,this      
infant of yesterday stands forth to-day 
a  giant1 vigorous1 active1 and         
courageous1 and accepts with dignity its
  manifest destiny at the head of powers
 and civilizations4    ,such1 in brief1 
is the answer to the question proposed  
at the opening of  this chapter4        
,another question immediately follows3  
,does the prophetic  pen which has so   
fully delineated the rise and progress  
of all the other  great nations of the  
earth1 pass this one by unnoticed8 ,what
 are the  probabilities in this matter8 
,as the student of prophecy1 in common  
with  all mankind1 looks with wonder    
upon the unparalleled rise and progress 
of this nation1 he cannot repress the   
conviction that the hand of  ,providence
 has been at work in this quiet but     

mighty revolution4 ,and  this conviction
 he shares in common with others4       
,gov4 ,pownal1 from whom a quotation has
 already been presented1 speaking  of   
the establishment of this country as a  
free and sovereign power calls  it      
,a revolution that has stronger marks of
 divine interposition1       superseding
 the ordinary course of human affairs   
than any other       event which this   
world has experienced4    ,de           
,tocqueville1 a ,french writer1 speaking
 of our separation from  ,england1      
says3--         ,it might seem their    
folly1 but was really their fate1 or1   
rather1       the providence of ,god1   
who has doubtless a work for us to do1  
in       which the massive materiality  
of the ,english character would have    
been too ponderous a dead weight upon   
our progress4    ,geo4 ,alfred          
,townsend1 speaking of the misfortunes  
that have attended the  other           
governments on this continent 7,new     
,world and ,old1 p4 #fce71 says3--      

,the history of the ,united ,states was 
separated by a beneficent               
,providence far from this wild and cruel
 history of the rest of the             
continent4    ,again he says3--         
,this hemisphere was laid away for no   
one race4    ,if ,providence has been   
thus conspicuously present in our       
history1 we may  look for some mention  
of this government in that ,book which  
records the  workings of ,providence    
among mankind4 ,on what conditions have 
other  nations found a place in the     
prophetic record8 ,first1 if they have  
acted  any prominent part in the world's
 history2 and secondly1 and above-all1  
if they have had jurisdiction over1 or  
maintained any relations with1  the     
people of ,god4 ,and both these         
conditions are fulfilled in our         
government4 ,no nation has ever         
attracted more attention or excited more
  profound wonder1 or given promise of  
greater eminence or influence4 ,and     
certainly here1 if anywhere on the      

globe1 are to be found a strong array   
of ,christians1 such as are the salt of 
the earth1 and the light of the  world4 
,with these probabilities in our favor1 
let us now take a brief survey of  those
 symbols found in the word of ,god1     
which represent earthly  governments4   
,these are found chiefly1 if not        
entirely1 in the books of  ,daniel and  
,revelation4 ,in ,dan #b1 a symbol is   
introduced in the form of a  great      
image4 ,in ,dan #g1 we find a lion1 a   
bear1 a leopard1 and a great  and       
terrible nondescript1 which1 after      
passing through a new and  remarkable   
phase1 goes into the lake of fire4 ,in  
,dan4 #h1 we have a ram1  a he goat1 and
 a horn1 little at first1 but waxing    
exceeding great4 ,in  ,revelation #i1 we
 have locusts like unto horses4 ,in     
,rev4 #ab1 we have a  great red dragon4 
,in ,rev4 #ac1 we have a blasphemous    
leopard beast1 and a  beast with two    
horns like a lamb4 ,in ,rev4 #ag1 we    
have a scarlet-colored  beast1 upon     

which a woman sits holding in her hand a
 golden cup full of  filthiness and     
abomination4    ,what governments and   
what powers are represented by all      
these8 ,do any  of them symbolize our   
own8 ,some of these certainly represent 
earthly  kingdoms2 for so the prophecies
 themselves expressly inform us2 and in 
the application of nearly all of them   
there is quite a uniform agreement      
among expositors4 ,the four-parts of the
 great image of ,dan4 #b represent  four
 kingdoms1 ,babylon1 or ,chaldea1       
,medo-,persia1 ,greece1 and ,rome4 ,the 
lion of the seventh chapter also        
represents ,babylon2 the bear1          
,medo-,persia2 the leopard1 ,grecia2 and
 the great and-terrible beast1  ,rome4  
,the horn1 with human eyes and mouth1   
which appears in the second  phase of   
this beast1 represents the papacy1 and  
covers its history down  to the time    
when it was temporarily overthrown by   
the ,french in #agih4 ,in  ,dan4 #h1    
likewise1 the ram represents            

,medo-,persia1 the he goat1 ,grecia1    
and the little horn1 ,rome4 ,all these  
have a very clear and definite          
application to the governments named2   
none of them thus far can have any      
reference to the ,united ,states4       
,the symbols brought to view in ,rev4   
#i1 all are agreed in applying to the   
,saracens and ,turks4 ,the dragon of    
,rev4 #ab1 is the acknowledged symbol of
  ,pagan ,rome4 ,the leopard beast of   
,rev4 #ac can be shown to be identical  
with the eleventh horn of the fourth    
beast of ,dan4 #g1 and hence to         
symbolize the papacy4 ,the scarlet beast
 and woman of ,rev4 #ag1 as  evidently  
apply also to ,rome under papal rule1   
the symbols having  especial reference  
to the distinction between the civil    
power and the  ecclesiastical1 the one  
being represented by the beast1 the     
other by the  woman seated thereon4     
,there is one symbol left1 and that is  
the two-horned beast of ,rev4 #ac4  ,on 
this there is more difference of        

opinion2 and before seeking for an      
application1 let us look at the ground  
covered by those already  examined4     
,babylon and ,medo-,persia covered all  
the civilized portion of  ,asia4 ,greece
 covered eastern ,europe including      
,russia4 ,rome1 with the ten  kingdoms  
into which it was divided1 as           
represented by the ten toes of  the     
image1 the ten horns of the fourth beast
 of ,dan4 #g1 the ten horns of  the     
dragon of ,rev4 #ab1 and the ten horns  
of the leopard beast of ,rev4  #ac1     
covered all ,western ,europe4 ,in other 
words1 all the civilized  portion of the
 eastern hemisphere is absorbed by the  
symbols already  examined1 respecting   
the application of which there is       
scarcely any room  for doubt4    ,but   
there is a mighty nation in this western
 hemisphere1 worthy1 as we  have seen1  
of being mentioned in prophecy1 which is
 not yet brought in2  and there is one  
symbol remaining1 the application of    
which has not yet  been made4 ,all the  

symbols but one are applied1 and all the
 available  portions of the eastern     
hemisphere are covered by the           
applications4 ,of  all the symbols      
mentioned1 one1 the two-horned beast of 
,rev4 #ac1 is  left2 and of all the     
countries of the earth respecting which 
any reason  exists why they should be   
mentioned in prophecy1 the ,united      
,states alone  are left4 ,do the        
two-horned beast and the ,united ,states
 belong together8  ,if they do1 then all
 the symbols find an application1 and   
all the ground  is covered4 ,if they do 
not1 it follows1 first1 that the ,united
 ,states  are not represented in        
prophecy2 and1 secondly1 that the       
two-horned  beast finds no government to
 which it can apply4 ,but the first of  
these  suppositions is not probable2 and
 the second is not possible4            
,chapter ,two4    ,a ,chain ,of         
,prophecy4      ,we now enter upon a    
more particular examination of the      
second symbol of  ,rev4 #ac1 with a view

 to determine with greater certainty its
  application4 ,what is said respecting 
this symbol1 the beast with two  horns  
like a lamb1 is not an isolated and     
independent prophecy1 but is  connected 
with what precedes2 and the symbol      
itself is but one of a  series4 ,it is  
proper therefore to briefly examine the 
preceding symbols1  since if we are able
 to make a satisfactory application of  
them1 it will  guide us in the          
interpretation of this4    ,the line of 
prophecy of which this forms a part     
commences with ,rev4 #ab4  ,the book of 
,revelation is evidently not a          
consecutive prophecy of events  to      
transpire from the beginning to the     
close of the gospel dispensation1  but  
is composed of a series of prophetic    
lines1 each taking up its own  class of 
events1 and tracing them through from   
the days of the prophet  to the end of  
time4 ,and when one line of prophecy is 
completed1 another  is taken up4 ,that a
 new series of prophetic events is      

introduced in ,rev4  #ab1 is evident2   
since in the preceding chapter a line of
 prophecy is  completed1 bringing us    
down to the great day of ,god's wrath1  
the  judgment of the dead1 and the      
eternal reward of those that fear ,god  
and  revere his name4 ,no line of       
prophecy can go farther2 and any events 
to  transpire in probation1 subsequently
 mentioned1 must of course belong to  a 
new series4    ,commencing1 then1 with  
chapter #ab1 how far does this line of  
prophecy  extend8 ,the first symbol     
introduced1 which can be applied to an  
earthly  government1 is the great red   
dragon4 ,the second is the beast of     
,rev4 #ac1  which1 having the body of a 
leopard1 we shall call1 for brevity's   
sake1  the leopard beast4 ,to this beast
 the dragon gives his seat1 power1 and  
great authority4 ,this beast1 then1 is  
connected with the dragon1 and  belongs 
to this line of prophecy4 ,the third    
symbol is the two-horned  beast of ,rev4
 #ac4 ,this beast exercises certain     

power in the presence of  the leopard   
beast1 and causes the earth and them    
that dwell therein to  worship him4     
,this beast1 therefore1 is connected    
with the leopard beast1  and hence      
belongs to the same line of prophecy4   
,no conclusion is reached  in chapter   
#ac1 and hence the prophecy is not there
 completed4 ,going  forward into chapter
 #ad1 we find a company brought to view 
who are  redeemed from among men 7which 
can mean nothing else than translation  
from among the living at the second     
coming of ,christ72 and they sing a     
song before the throne which none but   
themselves can learn4 ,in chapter  #ae1 
we have a company presented before us   
who have gotten the victory  over the   
beast1 his image1 the mark1 and the     
number of his name--the  very things    
brought to view in the concluding       
portion of ,rev4 #ac4 ,this  company    
also sing a song1 even the song of      
,moses and the ,lamb2 and they  sing it 
while standing upon the sea of glass1 as

 stated in verse #b4  ,turning to       
chapter #d3f1 we learn that this sea of 
glass is before the  throne4 ,the       
conclusion1 therefore1 follows that     
those who sing before  the throne1 in   
chapter #ad1 are identical with those   
who sing on the sea  of glass 7before   
the throne71 in chapter #ae1 inasmuch as
 they stand in  the same place1 and the 
song they both sing is the first glad   
song of  actual redemption4 ,but the    
declarations found in chapter #ae show  
that  the company introduced in the     
opening of chapter #ad have been in     
direct  conflict with the powers brought
 to view in the closing verses of       
chapter #ac1 and have gotten the victory
 over them4 ,being thus connected  with 
those powers1 they form a part of the   
same line of prophecy4 ,but  here this  
line of prophecy must end2 for this     
company is spoken of as  redeemed2 and  
no line of prophecy1 as already noticed1
 can go beyond the  eternal state4      
,the line of prophecy in which the      

two-horned beast stands1 is1  therefore1
 one which is very clearly defined3 it  
commences with chapter  #ab1 and ends   
with verse #e of chapter #ad4 ,the      
student of prophecy finds  it one of    
vast importance2 the humble child of    
,god1 one of transcendent  interest4 ,it
 begins with the church1 and ends with  
the church--the  church1 at first in    
humility1 trial1 and distress2 at last1 
in victory1  exaltation1 and glory4     
,this is the one object which ever      
appears the  same in all the scenes here
 described1 and whose history is the    
leading  theme of the prophecy1 from    
first to last4 ,trampled under the feet 
of  the three colossal persecuting      
powers here brought to view1 the        
followers of ,christ for long ages bow  
their heads to the pitiless storm  of   
oppression and persecution2 but the end 
repays them all2 for ,john  beholds them
 at last1 the storms all over1 their    
conflicts all ended1  waving            
palm-branches of victory1 and striking  

on golden harps a song of  everlasting  
triumph within the precincts of the     
heavenly land4    ,we turn then to the  
inquiry1 ,what power is designated by   
the great red  dragon of chapter #ab8   
,the chapter first speaks of a woman    
clothed with  the sun1 the moon under   
her feet1 and upon her head a crown of  
twelve  stars4 ,a woman is the symbol of
 the church2 a lewd woman representing a
  corrupt or apostate church1 as in     
,eze4 #bc3b-d1 c41 which refers to the  
,jewish church in a state of            
backsliding1 and in ,rev4 #ag3c-f1 #ae1 
#ah1  which refers to the apostate      
,romish church2 and a virtuous woman    
representing the true church1 as in the 
verse under consideration4 ,at  what    
period in her history could the church  
be properly represented as  here        
described8 ,ans4 ,at the opening of the 
gospel dispensation1 and at  no other   
time2 for then the glory of this        
dispensation1 like the light  of the    
sun1 had just risen upon her2 the former

 dispensation1 which1  like the moon1   
shone with a borrowed light1 had just   
passed and lay  beneath her feet4 ,and  
twelve inspired apostles1 like a crown  
of twelve  stars1 graced the first      
organization of the gospel church4 ,to  
this  period these representations can  
apply1 but to no other4 ,the prophet    
antedates this period a little by       
referring to the time when the church   
with longing expectation was awaiting   
the advent into this world of the       
glorious ,redeemer4    ,a man child here
 represented as the offspring of this   
woman1 appears  upon the stage4 ,this   
child was to rule all nations with a rod
 of iron1  and was caught up to ,god and
 his throne4 ,verse #e4 ,these          
declarations are  true of our ,lord     
,jesus ,christ1 but of no one else4 ,see
 ,ps4 #b3g-i2 ,eph4  #a3bj1 #ba2 ,heb4  
#h3a2 ,rev4 #c3ba4 ,there is therefore  
no mistaking the  time when the scenes  
here described took place4 ,we mention  
these facts  for the purpose of         

identifying the power symbolized by the 
dragon2 for  the dragon stood before the
 woman1 to devour her child as soon as  
it  should be born4 ,who attempted the  
destruction of our ,lord when he        
appeared as a babe in ,bethlehem8       
,herod4 ,and who was ,herod8 ,a ,roman  
governor4 ,rome1 which then ruled over  
all the earth1 ,luke #b3a1 was the      
responsible party in this transaction4  
,rome was the only power which at  this 
time could be symbolized in prophecy1 as
 its dominion was  universal4 ,it is not
 without good reason1 therefore1 that   
,pagan ,rome is  considered among       
,protestant commentators to be the power
 indicated by  the great red dragon4    
,and it may be a fact worth mentioning  
that during  the second1 third1 fourth1 
and fifth centuries of the ,christian   
era1  next to the eagle1 the dragon was 
the principal standard of the ,roman    
legions2 and that dragon was painted    
red4    ,there is but one objection we  
need pause to answer before passing to  

the'next symbol4 ,is not the dragon     
plainly called in verse #i1 the devil1  
and ,satan8 ,how then can it be applied 
to ,pagan ,rome8 ,that the term  dragon 
is primarily applied to the devil1 there
 seems to be no doubt2  but that it     
should be applied also to some of his   
chief agents1 would  seem to be         
appropriate and unobjectionable4 ,now   
,rome being at this time  pagan1 and the
 supreme empire of the world1 was the   
great1 if not almost  the sole1 agent in
 the hands of the devil for carrying out
 his purposes4  ,hence the application  
of that term to the ,roman power4       
,the next symbol to engage our attention
 is the leopard beast of chapter  #ac1  
to which the dragon gives his seat1 his 
power1 and great authority4  ,it would  
be sufficient on this point to show to  
what power the dragon1  ,pagan ,rome1   
transferred its seat and gave its power4
 ,the seat of any  government is        
certainly its capital city4 ,the city of
 ,rome was the  dragon's seat4 ,but in  

,a4,d4 #ccj1 ,constantine transferred   
the seat of  empire from ,rome to       
,constantinople2 and ,rome was given up 
to what8 ,to  decay1 desolation1 and    
ruin8 ,no2 but to become far more       
celebrated than  it had ever before     
been1 not as the seat of pagan emperors1
 but as the  city of ,st4 ,peter's      
successors1 the seat of a spiritual     
hierarchy which  was not only to become 
more powerful than any secular prince1  
but  through the magic of its fatal     
sorcery was to exercise dominion over   
the  kings of the earth4 ,thus was ,rome
 given to the papacy2 and the decree of 
,justinian1 issued in #ecc1 and carried 
into effect in #ech1 constituting  the  
pope the head of all the churches and   
the corrector of heretics1 was  the     
investing of the papacy with that power 
and authority which the  prophet        
foresaw4    ,it is very evident1        
therefore1 that this leopard beast is a 
symbol of  the papacy4 ,but there are   
other considerations which prove this4  

,this  beast has the body of a leopard1 
the mouth of a lion1 and the feet of a  
bear1 which shows it to be some power   
which succeeded those three beasts  of  
,daniel's prophecy1 and retained some of
 the characteristics of them  all2 and  
that was ,rome4 ,but this is not the    
first1 or pagan form of the  ,roman     
government2 for that is represented by  
the dragon2 and this is the  form which 
succeeded that1 which was the papal4    
,but what most clearly shows that this  
beast represents the papacy1 is  its    
identity with the little horn of the    
fourth beast of ,daniel #g1  which all  
,protestants agree in applying to the   
papal power4    #a4 ,their chronology4  
,the little horn arises after the great 
and terrible  beast1 which represents   
,rome in its first or pagan form1 is    
fully  developed even to the existence  
of the ten horns1 or the division of the
  ,roman empire into ten parts4 ,dan4   
#g3bd4 ,the leopard beast succeeds the  
dragon which also represents ,rome in   

its pagan form4 ,these powers appear    
therefore upon the stage of action at   
the same time4    #b4 ,their location4  
,the little horn plucked up three horns 
to make way  for itself4 ,the last of   
these1 the ,gothic horn1 was plucked up 
when the  ,goths were driven from ,rome 
in #ech1 and the city was left in the   
hands  of the little horn1 which has    
ever since held it as the seat of its   
power4 ,to the leopard beast also1 the  
dragon gave its seat1 the city of       
,rome4 ,they therefore occupy the same  
location4    #c4 ,their character4 ,the 
little horn is a blasphemous power2 for 
it  speaks great words against the ,most
 ,high4 ,dan4 #g3be4 ,the leopard beast 
also is a blasphemous power2 for it     
bears upon its head the name of         
blasphemy2 it has a mouth speaking great
 things and blasphemies2 and he  opens  
his mouth in blasphemy against ,god1 to 
blaspheme his name1 and his  tabernacle1
 and them that dwell in ,heaven4 ,rev4  
#ac3a1 #e1 #f4    #d4 ,their work1 ,the 

little horn by a long and heartless     
course of  oppression against the saints
 of the ,most ,high1 wears them out2 and
 they  are given into his hand4 ,dan4   
#g3be4 ,he makes war against them1 and  
prevails4 ,verse #ba4 ,the leopard beast
 also makes war upon the saints1  and   
overcomes them4 ,rev4 #ac3g4    #e4 ,the
 time of their continuance1 ,power was  
given to the little horn to  continue a 
time and times1 and the dividing of     
time4 ,dan4 #g3be4 ,a  time in          
,scripture phraseology is one year4     
,dan1 #d3be4 7,the seven  times of      
,nebuchadnezzar's humiliation1 ,josephus
 informs us1 were seven  years47 ,times1
 that is two times1 the least that can  
be expressed by the  plural1 would be   
two years more2 and the dividing of     
time1 or half a  time1 half a year2     
making in all1 three years and a half4  
,to the leopard  beast power was also   
given to continue forty-two months1     
which at twelve  months to the year1    
give us again just three years and a    

half4 ,and this  being prophetic time1 a
 day for a year 7,num4 #ad3cd2 ,eze4    
#d3f71 and  there being accord to       
,scripture reckoning thirty days to a   
month1 or  three hundred and sixty days 
to a year 7,gen1 #g3aa1 #bd2 #h3d71 we  
have  in each case twelve hundred and   
sixty years1 for the continuance of the 
little horn and the leopard beast4      
#f4 ,their overthrow4 ,at the end of the
 time1 times and a half1 the  dominion  
of the little horn was to be taken away4
 ,dan4 #g3bf4 ,at the end  of the       
forty-two months1 the same length of    
time1 the leopard beast was  also to be 
slain1 politically1 with the sword1 and 
go into captivity4  ,rev4 #ac3c1 #aj4   
,these are points which prove not merely
 similarity1 but identity4 ,for         
whenever two symbols1 as in this        
instance1 represent powers that come    
upon the stage of action at the same    
time1 occupy the same territory1        
maintain the same character1 do the same
 work1 continue the same length  of     

time1 and meet the same fate1 those two 
symbols must represent one  and the same
 power4 ,and in all these particulars   
there is1 as we have  seen1 the most    
exact co-incidence between the little   
horn of the fourth  beast of ,dan4 #g1  
and the leopard beast of ,rev4 #ac2 and 
all are fulfilled  by one power1 and    
that is the papacy4 ,the papacy         
succeeded to the pagan  form of the     
,roman empire4 ,it has1 ever since it   
was first established1  occupied the    
seat of the dragon1 the city of ,rome1  
building for itself  such a sanctuary1  
,st1 ,peter's1 as the world nowhere else
 beholds4 ,it is  a blasphemous power1  
speaking the most presumptuous words it 
is possible  for mortal lips to utter   
against the ,most ,high4 ,it has worn   
out the  saints1 the ,religious         
,encyclopedia estimating that the lives 
of fifty  millions of ,christians have  
been quenched in blood by its merciless 
implements of torture4 ,it has continued
 a time1 times and a half1 or  forty-two

 months1 or twelve hundred and sixty    
years4 ,commencing in #ech1  when the   
decree of ,justinian in behalf of papal 
supremacy was first  made effectual by  
the overthrow of the ,goths1 the papacy 
enjoyed a  period of uninterrupted      
supremacy for just twelve hundred and   
sixty  years1 when its power was        
temporarily overthrown1 and its         
influence  permanently crippled1 by the 
,french in #agih4    ,can any one doubt 
that the papacy is the power in         
question1 and that the  interpretation  
of this symbol brings us down within    
seventy-six years of  our own time8 ,we 
regard the exposition of the prophecy1  
thus far1 as  clear beyond the          
possibility of refutation2 and if this  
is so1 our  future field of inquiry lies
 within a very narrow compass1 as we    
shall  presently see4          ,chapter 
,three4    ,location ,of ,the           
,two-horned ,beast4      ,following the 
leopard1 or papal beast of ,rev4 #ac1 in
 consecutive order1  comes the          

two-horned beast1 whose appearance the  
prophet delineates1 and  whose work he  
describes1 in the following language3-- 
,verse #aa4 ,and ,i beheld another beast
 coming up out of the earth1       and  
he had two horns like a lamb2 and he    
spake as a dragon4 #ab4 ,and       he   
exerciseth all the power of the first   
beast before him1 and       causeth the 
earth and them which dwell therein to   
worship the first       beast1 whose    
deadly wound was healed4 #ac4 ,and he   
doeth great       wonders1 so that he   
maketh fire come down from heaven on the
 earth       in the sight of men1 #ad1  
and deceiveth them that dwell on the    
earth       by the means of those       
miracles which he had power to do in the
       sight of the beast2 saying to    
them that dwell on the eaith1 that      
they should make an image to the beast1 
which had the wound by a       sword1   
and did live4 #ae4 ,and he had power to 
give life unto the       image of the   
beast1 that the image of the beast      

should both speak1       and cause that 
as many as would not worship the image  
of the beast       should be killed4    
#af4 ,and he causeth all1 both small and
 great1       rich and poor1 free and   
bond1 to receive a mark in their right  
hand1 or in their foreheads2 #ag2 and   
that no man might buy or sell1          
save he that had the mark1 or the name  
of the beast1 or the number       of his
 name4    ,these few verses1 with an    
allusion to the same power under the    
name of  the false prophet in ,rev4     
#af3ac1 and #ai2 #bj1 furnish all the   
testimony we have respecting the        
two-horned beast2 but brief as it is1   
it gives sufficient data for a very     
certain application of the symbol in    
question4 ,as an example of the world of
 meaning which prophecy can  condense   
into a single word1 the first verse of  
the foregoing quotation  may be         
instanced4 ,here1 within a compass of   
twenty-five words1 only four  of which  
are words of more than one syllable1 six

 grand points are made1  which taken    
together are sufficient to determine    
accurately the  application of this     
symbol4 ,the prophet says first1 that it
 is another  beast2 secondly1 that when 
his attention was turned to it it was   
coming up2 thirdly1 that it came up out 
of the earth2 fourthly1 that  it had two
 horns2 fifthly1 that these horns were  
like those of a  lamb2 and sixthly1 that
 it spoke1 and by speaking revealed its 
true  character2 for the voice was that 
of a dragon4    ,the two-horned beast   
then is another beast1 in addition to1  
and  different from1 the papal beast    
which the prophet had just had under    
consideration2 that is1 it symbolizes a 
power separate and distinct from  that  
which is denoted by the preceding beast4
 ,this which ,john calls  another beast 
is certainly no part of the first beast2
 and the power  symbolized by it is     
likewise no part of that which is       
intended by that  beast4 ,this is fatal 
to the claim of those who1 to avoid the 

application  of this symbol to our own  
government1 say that it denotes some    
phase of  the papacy2 for in that case  
it would be a part of the preceding1 or 
leopard beast4    ,to avoid this        
difficulty1 it is claimed that the      
two-horned beast  represents the        
religious or ecclesiastical1 and the    
leopard beast the  civil1 power of ,rome
 under papal rule2 that these symbols   
correspond to  the beast and woman in   
,rev4 #ag1 the one representing the     
civil power1  the other the             
ecclesiastical4 ,but this claim also    
falls to the ground  just as soon as it 
is shown that the leopard beast         
represents the  religious as well as the
 civil element of that power4 ,and      
nothing is  easier than to show this4   
,take the first symbol1 the dragon4     
,what does it represent8 ,rome4 ,but    
this is not enough2 for ,rome has       
presented two great phases to the       
world1 and the inquirer wants to know   
which one is intended by this  symbol4  

,the answer then is1 ,pagan ,rome2 but  
just as soon as we add  ,pagan1 we      
introduce a religious element2 for      
paganism is one of the  mightiest       
systems of false religion ever devised  
by the arch-enemy of  truth4 ,it was1   
then1 the religious element in the      
empire that determined  what symbol     
should be used to represent it2 and the 
dragon represented  ,rome while under   
the control of a particular form of     
religion4    ,but the time comes when   
another symbol is introduced upon the   
scene--the  leopard beast arises out of 
the sea4 ,what power is symbolized by   
this8  ,the answer is still1 ,rome4 ,but
 the dragon symbolized ,rome1 and why   
not  let that symbol continue to        
represent it8 ,whoever attempts to      
answer  this question must say that it  
is because a change had taken place in  
the power4 ,what change8 ,two kinds of  
changes are conspicuous in the  history 
of ,rome3 changes in form of government1
 and a change in  religion4 ,but this   

cannot denote any change in the form of 
government2  for the seven different    
forms of government that ,rome          
consecutively  assumed are represented  
by the seven heads of the dragon1 and   
the seven  heads of the leopard beast4  
,the religious change must therefore be 
alone  denoted by this change of        
symbols4 ,paganism and ,christianity    
coalesced1  and the mongrel production  
was the papacy2 and this new religion1  
and  this alone1 made a change in the   
symbol necessary4 ,every candid mind    
must assent to this2 and this assent is 
an admission of the utter  absurdity of 
trying to limit this symbol to the civil
 power alone4 ,so  far from its         
representing the civil power alone1 it  
is to the  ecclesiastical element that  
it owes its very existence4    ,that the
 leopard beast represents ecclesiastical
 as well as civil power  is further     
shown in the arguments already presented
 to prove that this  beast is identical 
with the little horn of ,daniel's fourth

 beast1 which  symbolizes the papacy in 
all its components parts and through all
 its  history4 ,it is the leopard beast 
alone that is identical with this       
little horn1 not the leopard beast and  
the two-horned beast taken  together4   
,again1 ,pagan ,rome gave its seat to   
the papacy4 ,the dragon gave his seat   
to the leopard beast4 ,if it takes both 
the leopard beast and the  two-horned   
beast to constitute the papacy1 the     
prophet should have said  that the      
dragon gave his seat and power to these 
two beasts combined4  ,the fact that his
 transfer was to the leopard beast      
alone1 is proof  positive that that     
beast alone symbolizes the papacy in its
 entirety4    ,when1 therefore1 ,john   
calls the two-horned beast another      
beast1 it is  certain that he does not  
mean any particular phase1 or any part1 
of the  papal power4    ,it is claimed  
by others that the two-horned beast     
represents ,england2 by  still others1  
,france2 and by some1 ,russia1 c4 ,the  

first1 among many  other fatal          
objections to all these applications1   
is1 that the territory  occupied by all 
these powers is already appropriated by 
preceding  symbols4 ,if the two-homed   
beast symbolized any of these1 it would 
be a  part of other beasts instead of   
another beast1 separate and distinct    
from all the rest4 ,it is a law of      
symbols that each one occupies          
territory peculiarly its own2 that is1  
the territory which constituted  the    
original government1 was no part of that
 which had been occupied by  the        
previous powers4 ,thus ,medo-,persia    
rose on territory not occupied by       
,babylon2 and ,medo-,persia and ,babylon
 together covered all that portion  of  
,asia known to ancient civilization4    
,the ,grecian or ,macedonian kingdom    
arose to the west of them1 occupying all
 ,eastern ,europe1 so far as it  was    
then known to the ancients4 ,rome arose 
still to the west1 in  territory        
unoccupied by ,grecia4 ,rome was divided

 into ten kingdoms2 but  though ,rome   
conquered the world1 we look for these  
divisions only to  that territory which 
had never been included in other        
kingdoms4 ,we look  not to ,eastern     
,europe2 for that was included in the   
dominion of the  third beast3 nor to    
,asia2 for that constituted the empires 
of the first  and second beasts3 but to 
,western ,europe1 which territory was   
unoccupied  till taken by ,rome and its 
divisions4    ,the ten kingdoms which   
arose out of the old ,roman ,empire are 
enumerated  as follows by ,machiavel1   
indorsed by ,bp4 ,newton1 ,faber1 and   
,dr4 ,hales3  #a4 ,the ,huns4 #b4 ,the  
,ostrogoths4 #c4 ,the ,visigoths4 #d4   
,the ,franks4 #e4 ,the  ,vandals4 #f4   
,the ,suevi4 #g4 ,the ,burgundians4 #h4 
,the ,heruli4 #i4 ,the  ,anglo-,saxons1 
and #aj4 ,the ,lombards4 ,these kingdoms
 have since been  known1 says ,scott1 as
 the ten kingdoms of the western empire1
 and they  are distinguishable at the   
present day1 some of them even by their 

modern names1 as ,hungary from the      
,huns1 ,lombardy1 from the ,lombards1   
,france from the ,franks1 and ,england  
from the ,anglo-,saxons4 ,these ten     
kingdoms being denoted by the ten horns 
of the leopard beast1 it is  evident    
that all the territory included in these
 ten kingdoms is to be  considered as   
belonging to that beast4 ,england is one
 of these ten  kingdoms2 ,france is     
another4 ,if therefore we say that      
either of these is  the one represented 
by the two-horned beast1 we make one of 
the horns of  the leopard beast         
constitute the two-horned beast4 ,but   
this the prophecy  forbids2 for while   
,john sees the leopard beast fully      
developed1 with his  horns all complete 
and distinct1 he beholds the two-horned 
beast coming  up1 and calls it another  
beast4 ,we are therefore to look for the
  government which this beast           
symbolizes1 in some country outside the 
territory occupied by the four beasts   
and the ten horns already referred  to4 

,but these1 as we have seen1 cover all  
the available portions of the  eastern  
continent4    ,another consideration    
pointing to the locality of this power  
is drawn  from the fact that ,john saw  
it arising from the earth4 ,if the sea  
from  which the leopard beast arose1    
,rev4 #ac3a1 denotes peoples1 nations1  
and  multitudes1 ,rev4 #ag3ae1 the earth
 would suggest1 by contrast1 a new and  
previously-unoccupied territory4        
,being thus excluded from the eastern   
continent1 and impressed with the  idea 
of looking to territory not previously  
known to civilization1 we  turn of      
necessity to the western hemisphere4    
,and this is in full harmony  with the  
ideas already quoted1 and more which    
might be presented1 that  the progress  
of empire is with the sun around the    
earth from east to  west4 ,commencing in
 ,asia1 the cradle of the race1 it would
 end on this  continent1 which completes
 the circuit4 ,bishop ,berkley1 in his  
celebrated poem on ,america1 written    

more than one hundred years ago1 in  the
 following forcible lines1 pointed out  
the then future position of  ,america1  
and its connection with preceding       
empires4    ,westward the course of     
empire takes its way2    ,the four first
 acts already past1  ,a fifth shall     
close the drama with the day2    ,time's
 noblest offspring is the last4    ,by  
the four first acts already past1 the   
bishop had undoubted  reference to the  
four universal kingdoms of ,daniel's    
prophecy4 ,a fifth  great power1 the    
noblest and the last1 was1 according to 
his poem1 to  arise this side the       
,atlantic1 and here close the drama of  
time1 as the  day here ends its circuit4
    ,to what part of the ,american      
continent shall we look for the power in
  question8 ,to the most powerful and   
prominent nation certainly4 ,this is  so
 self-evident that we need not stop to  
pass in review the frozen  fragments of 
humanity on the north of us1 nor the    
weak1 superstitious1  semi-barbarous1   

revolutionary1 and uninfluential        
kingdoms to the south  of us4 ,no2 we   
come to the ,united ,states1 and here we
 are held4 ,to this  nation the question
 of the location of the two-horned beast
  undeviatingly leads us4    ,as an     
objection to this view1 it may occur to 
some minds that the  two-horned beast   
exercises all the power of the first    
beast before him  7,greek ,greek3       
enopion1 literally1 before his eyes7 and
 does wonders in  his sight2 and how can
 the ,united ,states1 separated by an   
ocean from  ,european kingdoms1 hold    
such an intimate relation to them8 ,we  
answer1  ,space and time are annihilated
 by the telegraph4 ,through the         
,atlantic  cable 7an enterprise which1  
by the way1 owes its origin to the      
,united  ,states71 the lightnings are   
continually picturing to ,european      
beholders  the affairs of ,america4 ,any
 important event occurring here is      
described  the next hour in the journals
 of ,europe4 ,so far as the transmission

 of  an account of our proceedings to   
the people of the ,old ,world is        
concerned1 it is as if ,america lay at  
the mouth of the ,english ,channel4     
,and the eyes of all ,europe are        
intently watching our movements4 ,says  
,mr1  ,townsend 7,new ,world and ,old1  
p4 #ehc73--         ,all the great      
peoples of ,europe are curiously        
interested and       amazed in the rise 
of ,america1 and their rulers at present
 compete       for our friendship4      
',europe1' said the prince ,talleyrand1 
long ago1       'must have an eye on    
,america1 and take care not to offer any
       pretext for recrimination or     
retaliation4 ,america is growing every  
day4 ,she will become a colossal power1 
and the time will come when             
7discoveries enabling her to communicate
 more easily with ,europe7       she    
will want to say a word in our affairs1 
and have a hand in       them4'    ,the 
time has come1 and the discoveries have 
been made to which  ,talleyrand         

referred4 ,it is almost as easy now to  
communicate with ,europe  as with our   
nearest town4 ,by these things the      
attention of the world is  drawn still  
more strongly toward us2 and thus       
whatever the ,united ,states  does1 it  
is done in the sight1 yes1 even before  
the eyes1 of all ,europe4               
,chapter ,four4    ,chronology ,of ,the 
,two-horned ,beast4      ,having become 
satisfied where the power symbolized by 
the two-horned  beast must be located1  
we now inquire respecting the time when 
we may  look for its development4 ,at   
what period in this world's history is  
the  rise of this power located in the  
prophecy8 ,on this point1 as on the     
preceding1 the foundation for the       
conclusions at which we must arrive1  is
 already laid in the facts elicted in   
reference to the preceding or  leopard  
beast4 ,it was at the time when this    
beast went into captivity1  or was      
killed 7politically7 with the sword1    
verse #aj1 or 7which we  suppose to be  

the same thing71 had one of its heads   
wounded to death1  verse #c1 that ,john 
saw the two-horned beast coming up4 ,if 
the leopard  beast1 as we have          
conclusively proved1 signifies the      
papacy1 and the  going into captivity   
met its fulfillment in the temporary    
overthrow of  the popedom by the        
,french1 in #agih1 then we have the time
 definitely  specified1 when we are to  
look for the rising of this power4 ,the 
expression1 coming up1 must signify that
 the power to which it applies  was but 
newly organized1 and was then just      
rising into prominence and  influence4  
,the power represented by this symbol1  
must1 then1 be some  power which in     
#agih stood in this position before the 
world4    ,that the leopard beast is a  
symbol of the papacy1 there can be no   
question2 but some may want more        
evidence that the wounding of one of    
its heads1 or its going into captivity1 
was the overthrow of the papacy  in     
#agih4 ,this can easily be given4 ,a    

nation being represented by a wild      
beast1 the government of that nation1   
that by which it is controlled1  must as
 a very clear matter of course be       
considered as answering to the  head of 
the beast4 ,the seven heads of this     
beast would therefore denote  seven     
different governments2 but all the heads
 pertain to one beast1 and  hence all   
these seven different forms of          
government pertain to one  empire4 ,but 
only one form of government can exist in
 a nation at one  time2 hence the seven 
heads must denote seven forms of        
government to  appear1 not              
simultaneously1 but successively4 ,but  
these heads pertain  alike to the dragon
 and the leopard beast2 from which this 
one  conclusion only can be drawn3 that 
,rome1 during its whole history1        
embracing both its pagan and papal      
phases1 would change its government  six
 times1 presenting to the world seven   
different forms in all4 ,and the        
historian records just that number as   

pertaining to ,rome4 ,rome was first    
ruled by ,kings2 second1 by ,consuls2   
third1 by ,decemvirs2 fourth1 by        
,dictators2 fifth1 by ,triumvirs2 sixth1
 by ,emperors2 and seventh1 by  ,popes4 
,john saw one of these heads wounded1 as
 it were1 to death4 ,which one8  ,can we
 tell8 ,let it be noticed1 first1 that  
it is one of the heads of  the beast    
which is wounded to death1 and not one  
of the heads of the  dragon2 that is1 it
 is some form of government which       
existed in ,rome  after the change of   
symbols from the dragon to the leopard  
beast4 ,we  then inquire1 ,how many of  
the different forms of ,roman government
  belonged absolutely to the dragon1 or 
existed in ,rome while it  maintained   
its dragonic or pagan form8 ,these same 
seven heads are again  presented to     
,john in ,rev4 #ag2 and the angel there 
explains that they are  seven kings1 or 
forms of government1 verse #aj2 and he  
informs ,john that  five are fallen1 and
 one is2 that is1 five of these forms of

 government  were already passed in     
,john's day2 and he was living under the
 sixth4  ,under what form did ,john     
live8 ,the imperial2 it being the cruel 
decree  of the emperor ,domitian which  
banished him to the isle of ,patmos     
where  this vision was given4 ,kings1   
,consuls1 ,decemvirs1 ,dictators1 and   
,triumvirs1 were all in the past in     
,john's day4 ,emperors were then ruling 
the ,roman world2 and the empire was    
still pagan4 ,six of these heads1       
therefore1 ,kings1 ,consuls1 ,decemvirs1
 ,dictators1 ,triumvirs1 and ,emperors  
belonged to the dragon2 for they all    
existed while ,rome was pagan3 and  it  
was no one of these that was wounded to 
death2 for had it been1 ,john  would    
have said1 ,i saw one of the heads of   
the dragon wounded to death4  ,the wound
 was inflicted after the empire had so  
changed in respect to  its religion that
 it became necessary to represent it by 
the leopard  beast4 ,but the beast had  
only seven heads1 and if six of them    

pertain to  the dragon1 only one        
remained to have an existence after this
 change in  the empire took place4      
,after the ,emperors1 the sixth and last
 head that  existed in ,rome in its     
dragonic form1 came the ,popes1 the only
 head that  existed after the empire had
 nominally become ,christian4 ,the      
,exarch of  ,ravenna existed so short a 
space1 ,rev4 #ag3aj1 that it has no     
place in  the general enumeration of the
 heads of this power4    ,from these    
considerations1 it is evident that the  
head which received  the mortal wound1  
was none other than the papal head4     
,this conclusion  cannot be shaken4 ,we 
have now only to inquire when the papal 
head was  wounded to death4 ,it could   
not certainly be till after its full    
development2 but after this1 the        
prophecy marked out for it an           
uninterrupted rule of #abfj years from  
its establishment in #ech1 till the     
revolution of #agih4 ,then the papacy   
was1 for the time being1 overthrown4    

,general ,berthier1 by order of the     
,french ,directory1 moved against the   
dominions of the pope in ,january1      
#agih4 ,february #aj1 he effected an    
entrance into the self styled eternal   
city1 and1 on the #aeth of the same     
month1 proclaimed the establishment of  
the ,roman republic4 ,the pope1  after  
this deprivation of his authority1 was  
conveyed to ,france as a  prisoner1 and 
died at ,valence1 ,aug4 #bi1 #agii4     
,this would have been the end of the    
papacy1 had this overthrow been made    
permanent4 ,the wound would have proved 
fatal had it not been healed4  ,but1    
though the wound was healed1 the scar1  
so to speak1 has ever since  remained4  
,a new pope was elected in #ahjj1 and   
the papacy was restored1  but only to a 
partial possession of its former        
privileges4    ,let the reader look     
carefully at this event4 ,it furnishes a
 complete  fulfillment of the prophecy2 
and it is the only event in all ,roman  
history which does this2 for though the 

first six heads were each1 in  turn2    
exterminated1 or gave place to a        
succeeding head1 of no one of  them     
could it be said that it received a     
deadly wound1 and was afterward  healed4
 ,and as this overthrow of the papacy by
 the ,french military must  be the      
wounding of the head mentioned in ,rev4 
#ac3c1 so1 likewise1 must  it be the    
going into captivity1 and the killing   
with the sword1  mentioned in verse #aj2
 for it is an event of the right nature 
to fulfill  the prophecy1 and one which 
occurred at the right time2 namely1 at  
the  end of the time1 times1 and a half1
 the forty-two months1 or the #abfj     
years2 and no other event can be found  
answering to the record in these        
respects4 ,we are not left1 therefore1  
with any discretionary power in  the    
application of this prophecy2 for ,god1 
by his providence1 has  marked the era  
of its accomplishment in as plain a     
manner as if he had  proclaimed with an 
audible voice1 ,behold here the         

accomplishment of my  prophetic word6   
,thus clearly is the exact time         
indicated in the prophecy when we are to
  look far the rise of the two-horned   
beast2 for ,john1 as soon as he  beholds
 the captivity of the first or leopard  
beast1 says3 ,and ,i beheld  another    
beast coming up4 ,and his use of the    
present participle1  coming up1 clearly 
connects this view with the preceding   
verse1 and  shows it to be an event     
transpiring simultaneously with the     
going into  captivity of the previous   
beast4 ,if he had said1 ,and ,i had seen
 another  beast coming up1 it would     
prove that when he saw it1 it was coming
 up1  but that the time when he beheld  
it was indefinitely in the past4 ,if he 
had said1 ,and ,i beheld another beast  
which had come up1 it would prove  that 
although his attention was called to it 
at the time when the first  beast went  
into captivity1 yet its rise was still  
indefinitely in the  past4 ,but when he 
says1 ,i beheld another beast coming up 

it proves  that when he turned his eyes 
from the captivity of the first beast1  
he  saw another power right then in the 
process of rapid development among  the 
nations of the earth4 ,so1 then1 about  
the year #agih1 the star of  that power 
which is symbolized by the two-horned   
beast must be seen  rising to the zenith
 of its glory4 ,in view of these        
considerations1 it  is useless to speak 
of this power as having arisen ages in  
the past4 ,to  attempt such an          
application is to show one's self       
utterly reckless in  regard to the      
plainest statements of inspiration4     
,again1 the work of the two-horned beast
 is plainly located1 by verse #ab1  this
 side the captivity of the first beast4 
,it is there stated1 in  direct terms1  
that the two-horned beast causes the    
earth and them which  dwell therein to  
worship the first beast1 whose deadly   
wound was  healed4 ,but worship could   
not be rendered to a beast whose deadly 
wound  was healed1 till after that      

healing was accomplished4 ,this brings  
the  worship unmistakably within the    
present century4    ,says ,eld4 ,j4     
,litch 7,restitution1 p4 #aca73--       
,the two-horned beast is represented as 
a power existing and       performing   
his part after the death and revival of 
the first       beast4    ,mr4 ,wesley1 
in his notes on ,rev4 #ad1 says of the  
two-horned beast3--         ,he has not 
yet come1 though he cannot be far off2  
for he is to       appear at the end of 
the forty-two months of the first beast4
    ,we find three additional           
declarations in the book of ,revelation 
which  prove1 in a general sense1 that  
the two-horned beast performs his work  
with that generation of men who are to  
behold the closing up of all  earthly   
scenes1 and the second coming of our    
,lord ,jesus ,christ2 and  these will   
complete the argument on this point4    
,the first is the message of the third  
angel1 brought to view in the  #adth of 
,revelation4 ,it is not our purpose to  

enter into an exposition of  the three  
messages of that chapter4 ,we call the  
attention of the reader  to only one    
fact1 which must be apparent to all2 and
 that is1 that the  third of these      
messages is the last warning of danger1 
and the last  offer of mercy1 before the
 close of human probation2 for the event
 which  immediately follows is the      
appearance of one like the ,son of man  
on a  white cloud1 coming to reap the   
harvest of the earth1 verse #ad1 which  
can represent nothing else but the      
second advent of the ,lord from         
,heaven4 ,whatever views1 therefore1 a  
person may take of the first and  second
 messages1 and at whatever time he may  
apply them1 it is very  certain that the
 third and last one covers the closing  
hours of time1  and reaches down to the 
second coming of ,christ4 ,and what is  
the burden  of this message8 ,it is a   
denunciation of the unmingled wrath of  
,god  against these who worship the     
beast and his image4 ,but this worship  

of  the beast and his image is the very 
work which the two-horned beast         
endeavors to enforce upon the people4   
,the third message1 then1 is a  warning 
against the work of the two-horned      
beast4 ,and as there would be  no       
propriety in supposing this warning to  
be given after that work was  performed2
 as it could appropriately be given only
 when the two-horned  beast was about to
 enforce1 and while he was endeavoring  
to enforce1  that worship2 and as the   
second coming of ,christ immediately    
succeeds  the proclamation of this      
message1 it follows that the duties     
enjoined by  this message1 and the      
decrees enforced by the two-horned      
beast1  constitute the last test to be  
brought to bear upon the world2 and     
hence  the two-homed beast performs his 
work1 not ages in the past1 but among   
the last generation of men4    ,the     
second passage1 which shows that the    
work of the two-horned beast is         
performed just before the close of time1

 is found in ,rev4 #ae3b1 which we  have
 shown to refer to the same company     
spoken of in chapter #ad3a-e4  ,here is 
a company who have gotten the victory   
over the beast and his  image and the   
mark and the number of his name2 in     
other words1 they have  been in direct  
conflict with the two-horned beast1     
which endeavors to  enforce the worship 
of the beast and the reception of his   
mark4 ,and  these are redeemed from     
among men 7#ad3d71 or are translated    
from among  the living at the second    
coming of ,christ4 #a ,cor4 #ae3ea1eb2  
#a ,thess4  #d3af1ag4 ,this again shows 
conclusively that it is the last        
generation  which witnesses the work of 
this power4    ,the third passage is    
,rev4 #ai3bj1 which speaks of the       
two-horned beast  under the title of the
 false prophet1 and mentions a point not
 given in  ,rev4 #ac1 namely1 the doom  
he is to meet4 ,in the battle of the    
great day1  which takes place in        
connection with the second coming of    

,christ1 verses  #aa-ai1 the false      
prophet1 or two-horned beast1 is cast   
alive into a lake  of fire burning with 
brimstone2 and the word alive signifies 
that  this power will be at that time a 
living power performing its part in  all
 its strength and vigor4 ,this power is 
not to pass off the stage of  action1   
and be succeeded by another2 but is to  
be a ruling power till  destroyed by the
 ,king of kings and ,lord of lords1 when
 he comes to dash  the nations in pieces
 with a rod of iron4    ,the sum of the 
argument1 then1 on this matter of       
chronology1 is this3  ,that the         
two-horned beast does not come into the 
field of this vision  previous to the   
year #agih2 that it performs its work   
while the last  generation of men is    
living on the earth2 and that it comes  
up to the  battle of the great day a    
living power in the full vigor of its   
strength4    ,as it was shown in the    
argument on the location of the         
two-horned beast  that we were limited  

in our application to this western      
continent1 so we  are limited still     
further by its chronology2 for it must  
not only be  some power which arises    
this side of the ,atlantic1 but one     
which is seen  coming up here at a      
particular time4 ,taking our stand1     
then1 in the  year #agih1 the time      
indicated in the prophecy1 we invite the
 careful  attention of the reader to    
this question3 ,what independent power  
in  either ,north or ,south ,america was
 at that time coming up in a manner  to 
answer to the conditions of the         
prophecy8 ,all that part of ,north      
,america lying to the north of us was   
under the dominion of ,russia and       
,great ,britain4 ,mexico1 to the        
south-west1 was a ,spanish colony4      
,passing  to ,south ,america1 ,brazil   
belonged to ,portugal1 and most of the  
other  ,south ,american ,states were    
under ,spanish control4 ,in short1 there
 was  not then a single civilized1      
independent government in the ,new      

,world1  except our own ,united ,states4
 ,no other nation1 therefore1 can be the
 one  represented in the prophecy2 but  
this one so far answers to it most      
accurately4 ,it has always taken the    
lead of all ,european settlements in    
this hemisphere4 ,it was coming up at   
the exact time indicated in the         
prophecy4 ,like a lofty monument in a   
field all its own1 stand the ,united    
,states on this continent1 grand1       
unique1 unexplainable4 ,so far as ,god's
  providence works among the nations for
 the accomplishment of his  purposes1 it
 is visible in the development of this  
country as an agent  to fulfill his     
word4 ,on these two vital points of     
location and  chronology the arguments  
which show that our country is the one  
represented by the symbol of the        
two-horned beast are absolutely         
conclusive4          ,chapter ,five4    
,the ,united ,states ,have ,arisen ,in  
,the ,exact ,manner ,in ,which ,john    
,saw ,the  ,two-horned ,beast ,coming   

,up4      ,the manner in which the      
two-horned beast was seen coming up     
shows1  equally with its location and   
its chronology1 that it is a symbol of  
these ,united ,states4 ,john says he saw
 the beast coming up out of the  earth4 
,and this expression must have been     
designedly used to point out  the       
contrast between the rise of this beast1
 and that of other national  prophetic  
symbols4 ,the four beasts of ,daniel #g1
 and the leopard beast of  ,rev4 #ac1   
all arose out of the sea4 ,says ,daniel1
 ,the four winds of ,heaven  strove upon
 the great sea1 and four beasts came up 
from the sea4 ,the sea  denotes peoples1
 nations1 and tongues1 ,rev4 #ag3ae2 and
 the winds denote  political strife and 
commotion4 ,jer4 #ce3cb1 #cc4 ,there was
 then1 in this  scene1 the dire         
commotion of nature's mightiest         
elements1 the wind  above1 the waters   
benneath1 the fury of the gale1 the     
roaring and  dashing of the waves1 and  
the tumult of the raging storm2 and in  

the  midst of this war of elements1 as  
if aroused from the depths of the sea   
by the fearful commotion1 these beasts  
one after another appeared4 ,in  other  
words1 the governments of which these   
beasts were symbols owed  their origin  
to movements among the people which     
would be well  represented by the sea   
lashed into foam by the sweeping gale2  
they arose  by the upheavals of         
revolution1 and through the strife of   
war4    ,but when the prophet beholds   
the rising of the two-horned beast1 how 
different the scene6 ,no political      
tempest sweeps the horizon1 no armies   
clash together like the waves of the    
sea4 ,he does not behold the  troubled  
and restless surface of the waters1 but 
a calm and immovable  expanse of earth4 
,and out of this earth1 like a plant    
growing up in a  quiet and sheltered    
spot1 he sees this beast1 bearing on his
 head the  horns of a lamb1 those       
eloquent symbols of youth and innocence1
 daily  augmenting in bodily            

proportions1 and daily increasing in    
physical  strength4    ,some may here   
point to the war of the ,revolution as  
an event which  destroys the force of   
this application2 but this furnishes no 
objection2  for #a4 ,that war was at    
least fifteen years in the past when the
  two-horned beast was introduced into  
the field of this vision2 and #b4  ,the 
war of the ,revolution was not a war of 
conquest4 ,it was not waged to          
overthrow any other kingdom1 and build  
this government on its ruins1 but  only 
to defend the just rights of the        
,american people4 ,an act of  resistance
 against continual attempts of injustice
 and tyranny1 cannot  certainly be      
placed in the same catalogue with wars  
of aggression and  conquest4 ,the same  
may be said of the war of #ahab4 ,hence1
 these  conflicts do not even partake of
 the nature of objections to the        
application here set forth4    ,the word
 which ,john uses to describe the manner
 in which this beast  comes up is very  

expressive4 ,it is ,greek3 anabainon    
7anabainon71 one  of the prominent      
definitions of which is1 to grow or     
spring up as a  plant4 ,and it is a     
remarkable fact that this very figure   
has been  chosen by political writers1  
as the one which best illustrates the   
rise  of our government4 ,mr4 ,g4,a4    
,townsend1 in his work entitled1 ,the   
,new  ,world ,compared with the ,old1 p4
 #dfb1 says3--         ,since ,america  
was discovered1 she has been a subject  
of       revolutionary thought in       
,europe4 ,the mystery of her coming     
forth       from vacancy1 the marvel of 
her wealth in gold and silver1 the      
spectacle of her captives led through   
,european capitals1 filled the          
minds of men with unrest3 and unrest is 
the first stage of       revolution4    
,on p4 #fce1 he further says3--         
,in this web of islands1 the ,west      
,indies1 began the life of both         
,north and ,south ,americas4 ,there     
,columbus saw land1 there ,spain        

began her baneful and brilliant ,western
 ,empire2 thence ,cortez       departed 
for ,mexico1 ,de ,soto for the          
,mississippi1 ,balboa for the           
,pacific1 and ,pizarro for ,peru4 ,the  
history of the ,united ,states was      
separated by a beneficient ,providence  
far from this wild and cruel            
history of the rest of the continent1   
and like a silent seed1 we       grew   
into empire2 while empire itself1       
beginning in the ,south1 was       swept
 by so interminable a hurricane that    
what of its history we       can        
ascertain is read by the very lightnings
 that devastated it4       ,the growth  
of ,english ,america may be likened to a
 series of lyrics       sung by separate
 singers1 which1 coalescing1 at last    
make a       vigorous chorus1 and this1 
attracting many from afar1 swells and is
       prolonged1 until presently it    
assumes the dignity and proportions     
of epic song4    ,a writer in the       
,dublin ,nation about the year #ahej    

spoke of the ,united  ,states as a      
wonderful empire which was emerging1 and
 amid the  silence of the earth daily   
adding to its power and pride4    ,in   
,martyn's ,history of the ,great        
,reformation1 ,vol4 iv1 p4 #bch1 is an  
extract from an oration of ,edward      
,everett1 on the ,english exiles who    
founded this government1 in which he    
says3--         ,did they look for a    
retired spot1 inoffensive from its      
obscurity1       safe in its remoteness 
from the haunts of despots1 where the   
little       church of ,leyden might    
enjoy freedom of conscience8 ,behold the
       mighty regions over which in     
peaceful conquest--victoria sine        
clade--they have borne the banners of   
the cross4    ,we now ask the reader to 
look at these expressions side by side3 
,coming  up out of the earth1 coming    
forth from vacancy1 emerging amid the   
silence of the earth1 like a silent seed
 we grew into empire1 mighty  regions   
secured by peaceful conquest4 ,the first

 is from the prophet1  stating what     
would be when the two-horned beast      
should arise2 the others  are from      
political writers1 telling what has been
 in the history of our  own government4 
,can any one fail to see that the last  
four are exactly  synonymous with the   
first1 and that they record a complete  
accomplishment of the prediction8 ,and  
what is not a little remarkable1  those 
who have thus recorded the fulfillment  
have1 without any reference  to         
prophecy1 used the very figure which the
 prophet employed4 ,these men1          
therefore1 being judges--men of large   
and cultivated minds1 and whose  powers 
of discernment all will acknowledge to  
be sufficiently clear--it  is certain   
that the particular manner in which the 
,united ,states have  arisen1 answers   
most strikingly to the development of   
the symbol under  consideration4    ,we 
now extend the inquiry a step further3  
,have the ,united ,states come  up in a 
manner to fulfill the prophecy8 ,has    

their progress been  sufficiently great 
and sufficiently rapid to corresponds to
 that visible  and perceptible growth   
which ,john saw in the two-horned beast8
    ,every person whose reading is      
ordinarily extensive1 has something of  
an  idea of what the ,united ,states are
 to-day2 he likewise has an idea1 so    
far as words can convey it to his mind1 
of what they were at the  commencement  
of their history4 ,the only object1     
then1 in presenting  statistics and     
testimony on this point1 is to show that
 our rapid growth  has struck mankind   
with the wonder of a constant miracle4  
,said ,emile de ,girardin1 in ,la       
,liberte 7#ahfh73--         ,the        
population of ,america1 not thinned by  
any conscription1       multiplies with 
prodigious rapidity1 and the day may    
before long       be seen1 when they    
will number sixty or eighty millions of 
souls4       ,this parvenu one recently 
risen to notice is aware of his         
importance and destiny4 ,hear him       

proudly exclaim1 ',america for          
,americans6' ,see him promising his     
alliance to ,russia2 and we see         
that power which well knows what force  
is1 grasp the hand of this       giant  
of yesterday4         ,in view of his   
unparalleled progress and combination1  
what are       the little toys with     
which we vex ourselves in ,europe8 ,what
 is this       needle gun we are anxious
 to get from ,prussia1 that we may beat 
her       next year with it8 ,had we not
 better take from ,america the          
principle of liberty she embodies1 out  
of which have come her       citizen    
pride1 her gigantic industry1 and her   
formidable loyalty to       the         
destinies of her republican land8       
,the ,dublin 7,ireland7 ,nation1 already
 quoted1 says3--         ,in the east1  
there is arising a colossal centaur     
called the       ,russian ,empire4 ,with
 a civilized head and front1 it has the 
sinews       of a huge barbaric body4   
,there one man's brain moves            

#gj1jjj1jjj4       ,there all the       
traditions of the people are of         
aggression and       conquest in the    
west4 ,there but two ranks are          
distinguishable--serfs and soldiers4    
,there the map of the future            
includes ,constantinople and ,vienna as 
outposts of ,st4 ,petersburg4           
,in the west1 an opposing and still more
 wonderful ,american ,empire       is   
emerging4 ,we islanders have no         
conception of the extraordinary         
events which amid the silence of the    
earth are daily adding to the           
power and pride of this gigantic nation4
 ,within three years1       territories 
more extensive than these three kingdoms
 ,great       ,britain1 ,ireland1 and   
,scotland ,france and ,italy put        
together1       have been quietly1 and  
in almost 'matter of course' fashion1   
annexed to the ,union4         ,within  
seventy years1 seventeen new            
sovereignties1 the smallest of          
them larger than ,great ,britain1 have  

peaceably united themselves to       the
 ,federation4 ,no standing army was     
raised1 no national debt sunk1       no 
great exertion was made1 but there they 
are4 ,and the last mail       brings    
news of three more great ,states about  
to be joined to the       thirty3       
,minnesota in the north-west1 ,deseret  
in the south-west1 and       ,california
 on the shores of the ,pacific4 ,these  
three ,states will       cover an area  
equal to one-half the ,european         
continent4    ,mitchel1 in his ,school  
,geography 7#dth revised edition71 p4   
#aja1 speaking  of the ,united ,states1 
says3--         ,when it is considered  
that one hundred years ago the          
inhabitants       numbered but          
#a1jjj1jjj1 it presents the most        
striking instance of       national     
growth to be found in the history of    
mankind4    ,let us reduce these general
 statements to the more tangible form of
  facts and figures4 ,a short time      
before the great ,reformation in the    

days  of ,martin ,luther1 not four      
hundred years ago1 this ,western        
,continent was  discovered4 ,the        
,reformation brought out a large class  
of persons who  were determined to      
worship ,god according to the dictates  
of their own  consciences4 ,being       
fettered and oppressed by the religious 
intolerance  of the ,old ,world1 they   
sought1 in the wilds of ,america1 that  
measure of  civil and religious freedom 
which they so much desired4 ,a little   
more  than two hundred years ago1 ,dec4 
#bb1 #afbj1 the ,mayflower landed one   
hundred of these voluntary exiles on the
 coast of ,new ,england4 ,here1  says   
,martyn1 ,new ,england was born1 and    
this was its first baby cry1 a  prayer  
and a thanksgiving to the ,lord4        
,another permanent ,english settlement  
was made at ,jamestown1 ,va41 in  #afjg4
 ,in process of time other settlements  
were made1 and colonies  organized1     
which were all subject to the ,english  
government till the  declaration of     

,independence ,july #d1 #aggf4    ,the  
population of these colonies1 according 
to the ,u4,s4 ,magazine of  ,august1    
#ahee1 amounted in #agja1 to #bfb1jjj2  
in #agdi1 to #a1jdf1jjj2 in  #agge1 to  
#b1hjc1jjj4 ,then commenced the struggle
 of the ,american colonies  against the 
oppression of the mother country4 ,in   
#aggf1 they declared  themselves as1 in 
justice and right1 an independent       
nation4 ,in #aggg1  delegates from the  
thirteen original ,states1 ,new         
,hampshire1  ,massachussets1 ,rhode     
,island1 ,connecticut1 ,new ,york1 ,new 
,jersey1  ,pennsylvania1 ,delaware1     
,maryland1 ,virginia1 ,north ,carolina1 
,south  ,carolina1 and ,georgia1 in     
,congress assembled1 adopted articles of
  confederation4 ,in #aghc1 the war of  
the ,revolution closed by a treaty of   
peace with ,great ,britain1 whereby our 
independence was acknowledged1 and      
territory ceded to the extent of        
#hae1fae square miles4 ,in #aghg1 the   
,constitution was framed and ratified by

 the foregoing thirteen ,states1  and on
 the #ast of ,march1 #aghi1 went into   
operation4 ,then the ,american  ship of 
,state was fairly launched1 with less   
than one million square  miles of       
territory1 and about three millions of  
souls4    ,thus we are brought to the   
time when1 in our interpretation of     
,revelation #ac1 this government is     
introduced into the prophecy as  coming 
up4 ,our territorial growth since then  
has been as follows3  ,louisiana1       
acquired from ,france in #ahjc1         
comprising #icj1ibh square miles  of    
territory4 ,florida1 from ,spain in     
#ahba1 with #ei1bfh square miles4       
,texas1 admitted to the ,union in #ahde1
 with #bcg1ejd square miles4 ,oregon1   
as settled by treaty in #ahdf1 with     
#chj1dbe square miles4 ,california1 as  
conquered from ,mexico in #ahdg1 with   
#fdi1gfb square miles4 ,arizona 7,new   
,mexico71 as acquired from ,mexico by   
treaty in #ahed1 with #bg1ejj square    
miles4 ,alaska1 as acquired by purchase 

from ,russia in #ahfg1 with #egg1cij    
square miles4 ,this gives a grand total 
of three million1 five hundred  and     
seventy-eight thousand1 three hundred   
and ninety-two 7#c1egh1cib7  square     
miles of territory1 which is about      
four-ninths of all ,north  ,america1 and
 more than one-fifteenth of the whole   
land surface of the  globe4    ,and     
while this expansion has been thus      
rapidly going forward here1 how  has it 
been with the other leading nations of  
the globe8 ,macmillian   ,co41 the      
,london publishers1 in announcing their 
,statesman's ,year ,book  for #ahfg1    
make an interesting statement of the    
changes that took place  in ,europe     
during the half century between the     
years #ahag and #ahfg4 ,they  say3--    
,the half century has extinguished three
 kingdoms1 one grand duchy1       eight 
duchies1 four principalities1 one       
electorate1 and four       republics4   
,three new kingdoms have arisen1 and one
 kingdom has been       transformed into

 an empire4 ,there are now forty-one    
,states in       ,europe against        
fifty-nine which existed in #ahag4 ,not 
less       remarkable is the territorial
 extension of the superior ,states of   
the world4 ,russia has annexed #efg1cfd 
square miles2 the ,united       ,states1
 #a1ifh1jji2 ,france1 #d1fbj2 ,prussia1 
#bi1gha2 ,sardinia1       expanding into
 ,italy1 has increased by #hc1jda2 the  
,indian ,empire       has been augmented
 by #dca1faf4 ,the principal ,states    
that have lost       territory are      
,turkey1 ,mexico1 ,austria1 ,denmark1   
and the       ,netherlands4    ,we ask  
the especial attention of the reader to 
these particulars4 ,during  the last    
half century1 twenty-one goverments have
 disappeared  altogether2 and only three
 new ones have arisen4 ,five have lost  
instead  of gained in territory4 ,only  
five1 besides our own1 have added to    
their  domain4 ,and the one which has   
done the most in this direction has     
added  only a little over half a million

 of square miles1 while we have added   
nearly two millions4 ,thus the ,united  
,states government has added over       
fourteen hundred thousand square miles  
of territory more than any other  single
 nation1 and over eight hundred thousand
 more than have been added  by all the  
other nations of the earth put together3
 ,in view of these  facts1 can any one  
doubt1 looking the whole world over1    
which government  it is that has been1  
during this time1 emphatically1 coming  
up8    ,in point of population1 our     
increase since #agih1 according to the  
census  of the several decades1 has been
 as follows3 ,in #ahjj1 the total number
  of inhabitants in the ,united ,states 
was #e1cje1ibe2 in #ahaj1 #g1bci1had2   
in #ahbj1 #i1fch1aia2 in #ahcj1         
#ab1hff1jbj2 in #ahdj1 #ag1jfi1dec2 in  
#ahej1  #bc1aia1hgf2 in #ahfj1          
#ca1dde1jhi2 in #ahgj1 #ch1eee1ihc4     
,these figures are  almost too large for
 the mind to readily grasp4 ,perhaps a  
better idea  can be formed of the rapid 

increase of population by looking at a  
few  representative cities4 ,boston1 in 
#agib1 had #ah1jjj inhabitants2 now1    
#bej1jjj4 ,new ,york1 in #agib1 #cj1jjj2
 now1 nearly #a1jjj1jjj4 ,chicago1      
about thirty years ago1 was a little    
trading post1 with a few huts2 but  yet 
it contained at the time of the great   
conflagration in ,october1  #ahga1      
nearly #cej1jjj souls4 ,san ,francisco1 
twenty years ago1 was a  barren waste1  
but contains to-day #agj1jjj            
inhabitants4    ,our industrial growth  
has been equally remarkable4 ,in #agib1 
the ,united  ,states had no cotton mill4
 ,in #ahej1 there were #ajgd1 employing 
#ajj1jjj  hands4 ,only forty-one years  
ago the first section of the first      
railroad  in this country1 the          
,baltimore and ,ohio1 was opened to a   
distance of  twenty-three miles4 ,we    
have now #eb1jjj miles in operation4 ,it
 was only  thirty-four years ago that   
the magnetic telegraph was invented4    
,now the  estimated length of telegraph 

wire in operation is over #ajj1jjj      
miles4  ,in #ahcc1 the first reaper and 
mower was constructed1 and in #ahdf1 the
  first sewing machine was completed4   
,think of the hundreds of thousands  of 
both of these classes of machines now in
 use4 ,and there are now more  lines of 
telegraph and railroad projected and in 
process of construction  than ever      
before1 and greater facilities and      
larger plans for  manufactories of all  
kinds than at any previous point of     
time4 ,and  should these industries     
increase in the same geometrical ratio1 
and time  continue ten years1 the       
figures we now chronicle would then read
 about  as the records of a century ago 
now read to us4    ,and ,nature herself1
 by the physical features she has       
stamped upon our  country1 has seemed to
 lay it out as a field for national     
development on  the most magnificent    
scale4 ,here we have the largest lakes1 
the longest  rivers1 the mightiest      
cataracts1 the deepest caves1 the       

broadest and  most fertile prairies1 and
 the richest mines of gold and iron and 
coal  and copper1 to be found upon the  
globe4 ,when ,america was discovered1   
there were but sixty millions of gold in
 ,europe4 ,california and the           
territories round her have produced one 
thousand millions of dollars in  gold in
 twenty years4 ,sixty-one million       
dollars was the largest annual  gold    
yield ever made in ,australia4          
,california has several times produced  
ninety millions of gold in a year4      
7,townsend1 p4 #chd47 ,the area of      
workable coal beds in all the world     
outside the ,united ,states is          
estimated at #bf1jjj square miles4 ,that
 of the ,united ,states1 not  including 
,alaska1 is estimated at over #bjj1jjj  
square miles1 or eight  times as large  
as the available coal area of all the   
rest of the  globe6 7,american ,year    
,book for #ahfi1 p4 #fee47 ,the iron    
product and  manufacture of the ,united 
,states has increased enormously within 

the  last few years1 and the vast beds  
of iron convenient to coal in various   
parts of the ,union1 are destined to    
make ,america the chief source of       
supply for the world4 ,three mountains  
of solid iron in ,missouri1  known as   
,iron ,mountain1 ,pilot ,knob1 and      
,shepherd's ,mountain1 are among  the   
most remarkable natural curiosities on  
our continent4 7,id4 p4  #fed47    ,and 
the people have taken hold to lay out   
their work on the grand scale  that     
nature has indicated4 ,excepting only   
the ,houses of ,parliament in  ,london1 
our national capitol at ,washington is  
the most spacious and  imposing national
 edifice in the world4 ,by the          
unparalleled feat of a  subterranean    
tunnel two miles out under the bottom of
 the lake1 ,chicago  obtains her water4 
,the work of constructing a railroad    
tunnel across the  ,detroit river is    
already commenced1 and the traveler will
 soon pass1 in  his steam palace1 under 
the bed of that river1 while the immense

  commerce of the lakes is floating upon
 its bosom over his head4 ,chicago  is  
the most extensive grain and lumber     
market in the world2 and  ,philadelphia 
and ,new ,york contain the largest and  
best furnished  printing establishments 
now in existence4 ,the submarine cable1 
running  like a thread of light through 
the depths of the broad ,atlantic from  
the  ,united ,states to ,england1 a     
conception of ,american genius1 is the  
greatest achievement in the telegraphic 
line4 ,the ,pacific ,railroad1 that     
iron highway from the ,atlantic to the  
,pacific1 stands at the head of all     
monuments of engineering skill in modern
 times4 ,following the first  ,atlantic 
cable1 soon came a second almost as a   
matter of course2 and  following the    
,central ,pacific ,r4,r41 a northern    
line is now in process of  rapid        
construction4 ,and what results are     
expected to flow from these  mighty     
enterprises8 ,the ,scientific ,american 
of ,oct4 #f1 #ahff1 says3--         ,to 

exaggerate the importance of this       
transcontinental highway is       almost
 impossible4 ,to a certain extent it    
will change the relative       positions
 of this country1 ,europe and ,asia4444 
,with the completion       of the       
,pacific ,railroad1 instead of receiving
 our goods from ,india1       ,china1   
,japan1 and the 'isles of the sea1' by  
way of ,london and       ,liverpool1 we 
shall bring them direct by way of the   
,sandwich       ,islands and the        
railroad1 and become the carriers to a  
great extent       for ,europe4 ,but    
this is but a portion of the advantage  
of this       work4 ,our western        
mountains are almost literally mountains
 of gold       and silver4 ,in them the 
,arabian fable of ,aladdin is           
realized4444       ,let the road be     
completed1 and the comforts as well as  
the       necessaries furnished by      
,asia1 the manufactures of ,europe1 and 
the       productions of the ,states can
 be brought by the iron horse almost    

to the miner's door2 and in the         
production and possession of the        
precious metals1 the blood of commerce1 
we shall be the richest       nation on 
the globe4 ,but the substantial wealth  
created by the       improvement of the 
soil and the development of the         
resources of the       country1 is a    
still more important element in the     
result of this       vast work4         
,thus1 with the idea of becoming the    
carriers of the world1 the highway  of  
the nations1 and the richest power on   
the globe1 the ,american heart  swells  
with pride1 and mounts up with          
aspirations1 to which there is no       
limit4    ,and the extent to which we   
have come up is further shown by the    
influence which we are exerting on other
 nations4 ,speaking of ,america  ,mr4   
,townsend in the work above cited1 p4   
#dfb1 says3--         ,out of her       
discovery grew the ,european reformation
 in religion2       out of our          
,revolutionary ,war grew the            

revolutionary period of       ,europe4  
,and out of our rapid development among 
great ,states and       happy peoples1  
has come an immigration more wonderful  
than that       which invaded ,europe   
from ,asia in the latter centuries of   
the ,roman       ,empire4 ,when we      
raised our flag on the ,atlantic1       
,europe sent her       contributions2 it
 appeared on the ,pacific1 and all      
orientalism felt       the signal4 ,they
 are coming in two endless fleets1      
eastward and       westward1 and the    
highway is swung between the ocean for  
them to       tread upon4 ,we have      
lightened ,ireland of half her weight1  
and       ,germany is coming by the     
village load every day4 ,england1       
herself1       is sending the best of   
her working men now 7#ahfi71 and in such
       numbers as to dismay her ,jack   
,bunsbys4 ,what is to be the limit of   
this mighty immigration8    ,speaking of
 our influence and standing in the      
,pacific1 the same writer1  p4 #fjh1    

says3--         ,in the ,pacific ,ocean 
these four powers ,england1 ,france1    
,holland1       and ,russia are squarely
 met by the ,united ,states1 which1     
without       possessions or the wish   
for them1 has paramount influence in    
,japan1       the favor of ,china1 the  
friendly countenance of ,russia1 and    
good       feeling with all the great   
,english colonies planted there4 ,the   
,united ,states is the only power on the
 ,pacific which has not been            
guilty of intrigue1 of double-dealing1  
of envy and of bitterness1       and it 
has taken the front rank in influence   
without awakening       the dislike of  
any of its competitors1 possibly        
excepting those       ,english who are  
never magnanimous4    ,and ,hon4 ,wm4   
,h4 ,seward1 on his return from a late  
trip around the world1  said1 ,americans
 are now the fashion all over the world4
    ,with one more extract we close the 
testimony on this point4 ,in the ,n4,y4 
,independent of ,july #g1 #ahgj1 ,hon4  

,schuyler ,colfax1 then ,vice-,president
  of the ,united ,states1 glancing      
briefly at the past history of this     
country1 said3--         ,wonderful1    
indeed1 has been that history4          
,springing into life from       under   
the heel of tyranny1 its progress has   
been onward1 with the       firm step of
 a conqueror4 ,from the rugged clime of 
,new ,england1       from the banks of  
the ,chesapeake1 from the ,savannahs of 
,carolina       and ,georgia1 the       
descendants of the ,puritans1 the       
,cavalier1 and       the ,huguenot1     
swept over the towering ,alleghanies1   
but a century       ago the barrier     
between civilization on the one side and
 almost       unbroken barbarism on the 
other2 and banners of the ,republic     
waved       from flagstaff and highland1
 through the broad valleys of the ,ohio1
       the ,mississippi1 and the        
,missouri4 ,nor stopped its progress    
there4       ,thence onward poured the  
tide of ,american civilization and1     

progress1 over the vast regions of the  
,western plains2 and from the           
snowy crests of the ,sierras you look   
down on ,american ,states       fronting
 the calm ,pacific1 an empire of        
themselves in resources and             
wealth1 but loyal in our darkest hours  
to the nation whose       authority they
 acknowledge and in whose glory they    
proudly share4         ,from a          
territorial area of less than nine      
hundred thousand square       miles1 it 
has expanded into over three millions   
and a half--fifteen       times larger  
than that of ,great ,britain and ,france
 combined--with a       shore-line1     
including ,alaska1 equal to the entire  
circumference of       the earth1 and   
with a domain within these lines far    
wider than that       of the ,romans in 
their proudest days of conquest and     
renown4 ,with a       river1 lake1 and  
coastwise commerce estimated at over two
 thousand       millions of dollars per 
year2 with railway traffic of four to   

six       thousand millions per year1   
and the annual domestic exchanges of    
the country1 running up to nearly ten   
thousand millions per year2       with  
over two thousand millions of dollars   
invested in       manufacturing1        
mechanical1 and mining industry2 with   
over five       hundred millions of     
acres of land in actual occupancy1      
valued1 with       their appurtenances1 
at over seven thousand millions of      
dollars1       and producing annually   
crops valued at over three thousand     
millions       of dollars2 with a realm 
which1 if the density of ,belgium's     
population were possible1 would be vast 
enough to include all the       present 
inhabitants of the world2 and with equal
 rights guaranteed       to even the    
poorest and humblest of our forty       
millions of people1       we can1 with a
 manly pride akin to that which         
distinguished the       palmiest days of
 ,rome1 claim as the noblest title of   
the world1 ',i       am an ,american    

citizen4'    ,and how long a time has it
 taken for this wonderful               
transformation8 ,in  the language of    
,edward ,everett1 ,they are but lately  
dead who saw the  first-born of the     
pilgrims2 and ,mr4 ,townsend 7p4 #ba7   
says3 ,the memory  of one man can swing 
from that time of primitive government  
to  this--when thirty-eight millions of 
people living on two oceans and in  two 
zones1 are represented in ,washington1  
and their consuls and  ambassadors are  
in every port and metropolis of the     
globe4    ,is this enough8 ,the only    
objection we can anticipate is that this
 nation  has progressed too fast and too
 far--that the government has already   
outgrown the symbol4 ,but what shall be 
thought of those who deny that it  has  
any place in prophecy at all8 ,no2 this 
prodigy has its place on the  prophetic 
page2 and the path which has thus far   
led us to the conclusion  that the      
two-horned beast is the prophetic symbol
 of the ,united ,states1  is hedged in  

on either side by walls of adamant that 
reach to heaven4 ,to  make any other    
application is an utter impossibility4  
,the thought would  be folly1 and the   
attempt1 abortion4          ,chapter    
,six4    ,character ,of ,the ,government
 ,represented ,by ,the ,two-horned      
,beast4      ,having given us data by   
which we determine the location1        
chronology1 and  rapid rise of this     
power1 ,john now proceeds to describe   
the appearance  of the two-horned beast1
 and speak of his acts in such a manner 
as to  clearly indicate his character   
both apparent and real4 ,every          
specification thus far examined has held
 the application imperatively to  the   
,united ,states4 ,we shall find this one
 no less strong in the same  direction4 
,this symbol has two horns like a lamb4 
,to those who have studied the          
prophecies of ,daniel and ,john1 horns  
upon a beast are no unfamiliar          
features4 ,the ram1 ,dan4 #h3c1 had two 
horns4 ,the he goat that came  against  

him had1 at first1 one notable horn     
between his eyes4 ,this was  broken and 
four came up in its place toward the    
four winds of heaven4  ,from one of     
these came forth another horn1 which    
waxed exceeding great4  ,the fourth     
beast of ,daniel #g had ten horns4      
,among these1 a little horn  with eyes  
and mouth1 far-seeing1 crafty1 and      
blasphemous1 arose4 ,the  dragon and    
leopard beast of ,rev4 #ab and #ac1     
denoting the same as the  fourth beast  
of ,dan4 #g1 in its two phases1 have    
each the same number of  horns          
signifying the same thing4 ,and the     
symbol under consideration has  two     
horns like a lamb4 ,from the use of the 
horns on the other symbols1  some facts 
are apparent which may guide us to an   
understanding of their  use on this last
 one4    ,a horn is used in the         
,scriptures as a symbol of strength and 
power1 as  in ,deut4 #cc3ag1 and glory  
and honor1 as in ,job #af3ae4    ,a horn
 is sometimes used to denote a nation as

 a whole1 as the four  horns of the     
goat1 the little horn of ,dan4 #h1 and  
the ten horns of the  fourth beast of   
,dan4 #g2 and sometimes some particular 
feature of the  government1 as the first
 horn of the goat1 which denoted not the
 nation  as a whole1 but the civil power
 as centered in the first king1         
,alexander  the ,great4    ,horns do not
 always denote division1 as in the case 
of the four horns of  the goat1 c42 for 
the two horns of the ram denote the     
union of ,media  and ,persia in one     
government4    ,a horn is not used      
exclusively to represent civil power2   
for the little  horn of ,daniel's fourth
 beast1 the papacy1 was a horn when it  
plucked up  three other horns1 and      
established itself in #ech4 ,but it was 
then purely  an ecclesiastical power1   
and so remained for two hundred and     
seventeen  years from that time1 ,pepin1
 in the year #gee1 making the ,roman    
pontiff a  grant of some rich provinces 
in ,italy1 which first constituted him a

  temporal monarch4 7,goodrich's ,hist4 
of the ,church1 p4 #ih4 ,bower's ,hist4 
of the ,popes1 ,vol4 #b1 p4 #ajh47      
,with these facts before us1 we are     
prepared to examine into the            
significance of the two horns which     
pertain to this beast4 ,why does ,john  
say that he has two horns like a lamb8  
,why not simply two horns8 ,it must  be 
because these horns possess             
peculiarities which indicate the        
character of the power to which they    
belong4 ,the horns of a lamb  indicate1 
first1 youthfulness1 and secondly1      
innocence and gentleness4  ,as a power  
which has but recently arisen1 the      
,united ,states answer to  the symbol   
admirably in respect to age2 while no   
other power1 as has  already abundantly 
been proved1 can be found to do this4   
,and considered  as an index of power   
and character1 it can be decided what   
constitutes  the two horns of the       
government1 if it can be ascertained    
what is the  secret of its strength and 

power1 and what reveals its apparent    
character1 or constitutes its outward   
profession4 ,the ,hon4 ,j4,a4 ,bingham  
gives us the clue to the whole matter   
when he states that the object of  those
 who first sought these shores was to   
found what the world had not  seen for  
ages2 viz41--a church without a pope1   
and a ,state without a  king4 ,expressed
 in other words1 this would be a        
government in which the  church should  
be free from the civil power1 and civil 
and religious  liberty reign supreme4   
,and what is the profession of this     
government in these respects8 ,that     
great instrument which our forefathers  
set forth as their bill of  rights1 the 
,declaration of ,independence1 contains 
these words3 ,we hold  these truths to  
be self-evident1 that all men are       
created equal1 that  they are endowed by
 their ,creator with certain unalienable
 rights2 that  among these are life1    
liberty1 and the pursuit of hapiness4   
,and in  ,article ,,iv1 ,sec4 #d1 of the

 ,constitution of the ,united ,states1  
we find  these words3 ,the ,united      
,states shall guaranty to every ,state  
in this  ,union a republican form of    
government4 ,a republican form of       
government  is one in which the power   
rests with the people1 and the whole    
machinery  of government is worked by   
representatives elected by them4 ,and   
here1  again1 we see the fitness between
 the symbol and the government which is 
symbolized2 for the horns of the        
two-horned beast have no crowns upon    
them as do the horns of the dragon and  
leopard beast1 showing that the         
government which it represents cannot be
 monarchical1 but is one in  which the  
power is vested in the hands of the     
people4    ,this is a sufficient        
guarantee of civil liberty4 ,what is    
said respecting  religious freedom8 ,in 
,art4 ,,vi of the ,constitution1 we     
read3 ,no  religious test shall ever be 
required as a qualification to any      
office  or public trust under the       

,united ,states4 ,in ,art4 ,i of        
,amendments of the  ,constitution1 we   
read3 ,congress shall make no law       
respecting an  establishment of         
religion1 or prohibiting the free       
exercise thereof4    ,in reply to       
questions as to the design of the       
,constitution from the  committee of a  
,baptist society in ,virginia1 ,geo4    
,washington wrote1 ,aug4  #d1 #aghi1 as 
follows3--         ,if ,i had the least 
idea of any difficulty resulting from   
the       ,constitution adopted by the  
,convention1 of which ,i had the honor  
to       be ,president when it was      
formed1 so as to endanger the rights of 
any religious denomination1 then ,i     
never should have attached my       name
 to that instrument4 ,if ,i had any idea
 that the general       government was  
so administered that the liberty of     
conscience was       endangered1 ,i pray
 you be assured that no man would be    
more willing       than myself to revise
 and alter that part of it1 so as to    

avoid all       religious persecutions4 
,you can1 without doubt1 remember that  
,i       have often expressed my        
opinion1 that every man who conducts    
himself as a good citizen is accountable
 alone to ,god for his       religious  
faith1 and should be protected in       
worshiping ,god       according to the  
dictates of his own conscience4    ,in  
#ahcj1 certain memorials for prohibiting
 the transportation of mails  and the   
opening of post-offices on ,sunday were 
referred to the  ,congressional         
,committee on ,post-offices and         
,post-roads4 ,the committee  reported   
unfavorably to the prayer of the        
memorialists4 ,their report was  adopted
 and printed by order of the ,senate of 
the ,united ,states1 and the  committee 
discharged from the further             
consideration of the subject4 ,of  the  
,constitution1 they say3--         ,we  
look in vain to that instrument for     
authority to say whether       the first
 day1 or seventh day1 or whether any    

day1 has been made       holy by the    
,almighty4         ,the ,constitution   
regards the conscience of the ,jew as   
sacred as       that of the ,christian1 
and gives no more authority to adopt a  
measure affecting the conscience of a   
solitary individual than of a           
whole community4 ,that representative   
who would violate this       principle  
would lose his delegated character1 and 
forfeit the       confidence of his     
constituents4 ,if ,congress should      
declare the       first day of the week 
holy1 it would not convince the ,jew nor
 the       ,sabbatarian4 ,it would      
dissatisfy both1 and consequently       
convert       neither4444,if a solemn   
act of legislation shall in one point   
define       the law of ,god1 or point  
out to the citizen one religious duty1  
it       may with equal propriety define
 every part of revelation1 and          
enforce every religious obligation1 even
 to the forms and       ceremonies of   
worship1 the endowments of the church   

and support of       the clergy4        
,the framers of the ,constitution       
recognized the eternal principle        
that man's relation to his ,god is above
 human legislation1 and his       right 
of conscience inalienable4 ,reasoning   
was not necessary to       establish    
this truth1 we are conscious of it in   
our own bosom4 ,it       is this        
consciousness which1 in defiance of     
human laws1 has       sustained so many 
martyrs in tortures and flames4 ,they   
felt that       their duty to ,god was  
superior to human enactments1 and that  
man       could exercise no authority   
over their consciences4 ,it is an inborn
       principle which nothing can      
eradicate4         ,it is also a fact   
that counter memorials1 equally         
respectable1       oppose the           
interference of ,congress on the ground 
that it would be       legislating upon 
a religious subject1 and therefore      
unconstitutional4    ,hon4 ,a4,h4       
,cragin1 of ,new ,hamphshire1 in a      

speech in the ,house of                 
,representatives1 said3--         ,when 
our forefathers reared the magnificent  
structure of a free       ,republic in  
this western land1 they laid its        
foundations broad and       deep in the 
eternal principles of right4 ,its       
materials were all       quarried from  
the mountain of truth2 and as it rose   
majestically       before an astonished 
world1 it rejoiced the hearts and hopes 
of       mankind4 ,tyrants only cursed  
the workmen and their workmanship4 ,its 
architecture was new4 ,it had no model  
in ,grecian or ,roman history4       ,it
 seemed a paragon let down from ,heaven 
to inspire the hopes of       men1 and  
to demonstrate ,god's favor to the      
people of the ,new ,world4       ,the   
builders recognized the rights of human 
nature as universal4       ,liberty1 the
 great first right of man1 they claimed 
for 'all men1'       and claimed it from
 ',god himself4' ,upon this foundation  
they       erected the temple1 and      

dedicated it to ,liberty1 ,humanity1    
,justice1       and ,equality4          
,washington was crowned its patron      
saint4 ,liberty was       then the      
national goddess1 worshiped by all the  
people4 ,they sang       of liberty1    
they harangued for liberty1 they prayed 
for liberty4       ,slavery was then    
hateful4 ,it was denounced by all4 ,the 
,british king       was condemned for   
foisting it upon the colonies4 ,southern
 men were       foremost in entering    
their protest against it4 ,it was then  
everywhere regarded as an evil1 and a   
crime against humanity4    ,then the    
,bible and the ,bible alone is the      
,protestant rule of faith2 and  liberty 
to worship ,god according to the        
dictates of one's own conscience  is the
 standard of religious freedom in this  
land4 ,and from the  quotations herewith
 presented1 it is evident that while the
 government  pledges to all its citizens
 the largest amount of civil freedom1   
outside  of license1 it has determined  

to lay upon the people no religious     
restrictions1 but to guarantee to all   
liberty to worship ,god according  to   
the ,protestant principle4    ,here1    
then1 are two great principles standing 
prominently before the  people3         
,republicanism and ,protestantism4 ,and 
what can be more just1  and innocent1   
and lamb-like1 than these8 ,and here1   
also1 is the secret of  our strength and
 power4 ,had some ,caligula or ,nero    
ruled this land1 we  should look in vain
 for what we behold to-day4 ,immigration
 would not  have flowed to our shores1  
and this country would never have       
presented  to the world so unparalleled 
an example of national growth4          
,townsend1 ,old ,world and ,new1 p4     
#cda1 says3--         ,and what attached
 these people to us8 ,in part1          
undoubtedly1 our       zone1 and the    
natural endowments of this portion of   
the globe4 ,in       part1 and of late  
years1 our vindicated national          
character1 and the       safety of our  

,institutions4 ,but the magnet in       
,america is1 that we       are a        
republic4 ,a republican people6 ,cursed 
with artificial       government1       
however glittering1 the people of       
,europe1 like the       sick1 pine for  
nature with protection1 for open vistas 
and blue       sky1 for independence    
without ceremony1 for adventure in their
 own       interest1--and here they find
 it6    ,one of these horns may         
therefore represent the civil republican
 power of  this government1 and the     
other1 the ,protestant ecclesiastical4  
,this  application is warranted by the  
facts already set forth respecting the  
horns of the other powers4 ,for 7#a7 the
 two horns may belong to one  beast1 and
 denote union instead of division1 as in
 the case of the ram1  ,daniel #h2 and  
7#b7 a horn may denote a purely         
ecclesiastical element1 as  the little  
horn of ,daniel's fourth beast2 and 7#c7
 a horn may denote the  civil power     
alone1 as in the case of the first horn 

of the ,grecian goat4  ,on the basis of 
these facts1 we have these two elements1
 ,republicanism  and ,protestantism here
 united in one government1 and          
represented by two  horns like the horns
 of a lamb4 ,and these are nowhere else 
to be found4  ,nor have they appeared   
since the time when we could            
consistently look  for the rise of the  
two-horned beast1 in any nation upon the
 face of the  earth except our own4     
,and with these horns there is no       
objection to be found4 ,they are like   
those of a lamb1 the ,bible symbol of   
purity and innocence4 ,the  principles  
are all right4 ,the outward appearance  
is unqualifiedly good4  ,but1 alas for  
our country6 its acts are to give the   
lie to its  profession4 ,the lamb-like  
features are first developed2 but the   
dragon  voice is to be heard hereafter4 
,chapter ,seven4    ,the ,dragon ,voice4
      ,from the facts thus far elicited 
in this argument1 we have seen that the 
government symbolized by the two-horned 

beast must be some government  distinct 
from the powers of the ,old ,world1     
whether civil or  ecclesiastical2 that  
it must arise this side the ,atlantic2  
that it must  be seen coming into       
influence and notoriety about the year  
#agih2 that it  must rise in a peaceful 
manner2 that its progress must be so    
rapid as to  strike the beholder with as
 much wonder as the perceptible growth  
of an  animal before his eyes2 that it  
must be a republic2 that it must exhibit
  before the world1 as an index of its  
character1 and the motives by which  it 
is governed1 two great principles in    
themselves perfectly just1 and          
innocent1 and lamb-like2 and that it    
must perform its work in the  present   
century4    ,and we have seen that of   
these eight specifications1 just two    
things can  be said3 first1 that they   
are all perfectly met in the history of 
the  ,united ,states1 thus far2 and     
secondly1 that they are not met in the  
history of any other government on the  

face of the earth4 ,behind these  eight 
lines of defense1 therefore1 the        
argument lies impregnably  intrenched4  
,and the ,american patriot1 he who loves
 his country1 and takes a just  pride in
 her thus-far glorious record and noble 
achievements1 needs an  argument no less
 ponderous and immovable1 and an array  
of evidence no  less clear1 to enable   
him to accept the painful conclusion    
that the  remainder of the prophecy also
 applies to this government1 hitherto   
the  best the world has ever seen2 for  
the prophet immediately turns to a  part
 of the picture which is dark with      
injustice1 and marred by  oppression1   
deception1 intolerance1 and wrong4      
,after describing the lamb-like         
appearance of this symbol1 ,john        
immediately adds1 ,and he spake as a    
dragon4 ,the dragon1 the first link  in 
this chain of prophecy1 was a relentless
 persecutor of the church of  ,god4 ,the
 leopard beast which follows1 was       
likewise a persecuting power1  grinding 

out for #abfj years the lives of        
millions of the followers of  ,christ4  
,the third actor in the scene1 the      
two-horned beast1 speaks like  the      
first1 and thus shows himself to be a   
dragon at heart2 for out of  the        
abundance of the heart the mouth        
speaketh1 and actions are framed4       
,this1 then1 like the rest1 is a        
persecuting power2 and it is for this   
reason alone that any of them are       
mentioned in prophecy4 ,god's care for  
the church1 his little flock1 is what   
has led him to give a revelation  of his
 will1 and point out the foes with whom 
they would have to  contend4 ,to his    
church1 all the actions recorded of the 
dragon and  leopard beast relate2 and in
 reference to the church1 therefore1 we 
conclude that the dragon voice of this  
power is uttered4    ,the speaking of   
any government must be the public       
promulgation of its  will on the part of
 its law-making and executive powers4   
,is this nation1  then1 to issue unjust 

and oppressive enactments against the   
people of  ,god8 ,are the fires of      
persecution1 which in other ages have   
devastated  other lands1 to be lighted  
here also8 ,we would fain believe       
otherwise2  but notwithstanding the pure
 intentions of the noble founders of    
this  government1 notwithstanding the   
worthy motives and objects of thousands 
of ,christian patriots to-day1 we can   
but take the prophecy as it reads1  and 
expect nothing less than what it        
predicts4 ,john heard this power  speak2
 and the voice was that of a dragon4    
,nor is this so improbable an issue as  
might at first appear4 ,the people  of  
the ,united ,states are not all saints4 
,the masses1 notwithstanding all  our   
gospel light and gospel principles1 are 
still in a position for  ,satan to      
suddenly fire their hearts with the     
basest of impulses4 ,this  nation1 as we
 have seen1 is to exist to the coming of
 ,christ2 and the  ,bible very fully    
sets forth the moral condition of the   

people in the  days that immediately    
precede that event4 ,iniquity is to     
abound1 and the  love of many to wax    
cold4 ,evil men and seducers are to wax 
worse and  worse4 ,scoffers are to      
arise1 saying1 ,where is the promise of 
his  coming8 ,the whole land is to be   
full of violence as it was in the days  
of ,noah1 and full of licentiousness as 
in the city of ,sodom in the days  of   
,lot4 ,and when the ,lord appears1 faith
 will scarcely be found upon the  earth1
 and those who are ready for his coming 
will be but a little  flock4 ,can the   
people of ,god expect to go through this
 period1 and not  suffer persecution8   
,no4 ,this would be contrary to the     
lessons taught by  all past experience1 
and just the reverse of what we are     
warranted by  the word of ,god to       
expect4 ,all that will live godly in    
,christ ,jesus  shall suffer            
persecution4 ,if ever this was true in  
the history of the  church1 we may      
expect it to be emphatically so when1 in

 the last days1  the world is in its    
aphelion as related to ,god1 and the    
wicked touch  their lowest depths of    
iniquity and sin4    ,let1 then1 a      
general spirit of persecution arise in  
this country1 and  what is more probable
 than that it should assume an organized
 form8 ,here  the will of the people is 
law4 ,and let there be a general desire 
on the  part of the people for certain  
oppressive enactments against believers 
in unpopular doctrines1 and what would  
be more easy and natural than  that such
 desire should immediately crystallize  
into systematic action1  and their      
oppressive measures take the form of    
law8 ,then we have just  what the       
prophecy indicates4 ,then is heard the  
voice of the dragon4    ,and there are  
elements already in existence which     
furnish a luxuriant  soil for a baleful 
crop of future evil4 ,but a few years   
ago three and a  half millions of human 
beings were held in our country in a    
state of  abject bondage1 deprived of   

every vestige of freedom and every trace
 of  manhood4 ,but why refer to slavery1
 it may be asked1 since it has already  
become a thing of the past8 ,slavery1 to
 be sure1 on the ground of  political   
expediency1 has been abolished4 ,for the
 time being1 the  ballots and bayonets  
of its opponents have outnumbered those 
of its  partisans4 ,but has this changed
 the disposition by which it has        
heretofore been fostered8 ,has it       
converted the ,south8 ,have they been   
brought to look upon it as an evil which
 should be given up on account  of its  
own intrinsic wrong8 ,we would that we  
could answer these  questions in the    
affirmative4 ,but there are acts too    
patent to be  denied1 which show that   
the virus of this great iniquity still  
rankles  in the body politic2 that the  
system of slavery has been given up by  
the  people of the ,south simply as a   
matter of necessity2 that if they had   
the power they would re-instate it again
 though they should rend and  ruin the  

,republic in their attempt2 and hundreds
 of thousands in the  ,north would      
sympathize with them in the movement1   
and second them in  their efforts4 ,the 
disease is driven from the surface1 but 
it is not  cured4 ,it may be a source of
 serious trouble hereafter4             
,political corruption is preparing the  
way for deeper sin4 ,it pervades  all   
parties4 ,look at the dishonest means   
resorted to to obtain office1  the      
bribery1 the deceptions1 the            
ballot-stuffing4 ,look at the stupendous
  revelations of municipal corruption   
just disclosed in ,new ,york city3      
millions upon millions stolen directly  
and barefacedly rom the city  treasury  
by its corrupt officials4 ,look at the  
civil service of this  government4      
,speaking on this point1 ,the ,nation of
 ,nov4 #ag1 #ahgj1  said3--         ,the
 newspapers are generally believed to   
exaggerate most of the       abuses they
 denounce2 but we say deliberately1 that
 no denunciation       of the civil     

service of the ,united ,states which has
 ever appeared       in print has come  
up as a picture1 of selfishness1 greed1 
fraud1       corruption1 falsehood1 and 
cruelty1 to the accounts which are given
       privately by those who have seen 
the real workings of the machine4       
,enumeration is here unnecessary4       
,enough crops out in every day's history
  to show that moral principle1 the only
 guarantee in a government like  ours   
for justice and honesty1 is sadly       
wanting4    ,and evil is also           
threatening from another quarter4       
,creeping up from the  darkness of the  
dark ages1 a hideous monster is intently
 watching to  seize the throat of       
liberty in our land4 ,it thrusts itself 
up into the  noonday of the ninteenth   
century1 not that it may be benefited by
 its  light and freedom1 but that it may
 suppress and obscure them4 ,the name   
of this monster is ,popery2 and it has  
fixed its rapacious and  bloodthirsty   
eyes on this land1 determined to make it

 its helpless prey4  ,it already decides
 the election in some of our largest    
cities4 ,it  controls the revenues of   
the most populous ,state in the ,union1 
and  appropriates annually hundreds of  
thousands of dollars raised from        
,protestant taxes to the support of its 
own ecclesiastical organizations1  and  
to the furtherance of its own religious 
and political ends4 ,it has  reached    
that measure of influence that it is    
only by a mighty effort of  ,protestant 
patriotism that measures can now be     
carried1 against which  the ,romish     
element combines its strength4 ,and     
corrupt and unscrupulous  politicians   
stand ready to concede to its demands to
 secure its support1  for the purpose of
 advancing their own ambitious aims4    
,rome is in the  field with the basest  
and most fatal intentions1 and with the 
most  watchful and tireless energy4 ,it 
is destined to play an important part   
in our future troubles2 for this is the 
very beast which the two-horned  beast  

is to cause the earth and them that     
dwell therein to worship1 and  before   
whose eyes it is to perform its wonders4
    ,and in our own better ,protestant  
churches there is that which threatens  
to lead to most serious evils4 ,on this 
point one of their own popular          
ministers1 who is well qualified to     
speak1 may testify4 ,a sermon by        
,charles ,beecher contains the following
 statements3--         ,our best1 most  
humble1 most devoted servants of ,christ
 are       fostering in their midst what
 will one day1 not long hence1 show     
itself to be the spawn of the dragon4   
,they shrink from any rude       word   
against creeds with the same            
sensitiveness with which those          
holy fathers would have shrunk from a   
rude word against the rising            
veneration of saints and martyrs which  
they were fostering4444 ,the            
,protestant evangelical denominations   
have so tied up one another's           
hands1 and their own1 that1 between them

 all1 a man cannot become a             
preacher at all1 anywhere1 without      
accepting some book besides the         
,bible4444 ,and is not the ,protestant  
church apostate8 ,oh6 remember1         
the final form of apostasy shall rise1  
not by crosses1 processions1            
baubles4 ,we understand all that4       
,apostasy never comes on the            
outside4 ,it develops4 ,it is an        
apostasy that shall spring into life    
within us2 an apostasy that shall martyr
 a man who believes his       ,bible    
ever so holily2 yea1 who may even       
believe what the creed       contains1  
but who may happen to agree with the    
,westminster ,assembly       that1      
proposed as a test1 it is an            
unwarrantable imposition4 ,that       is
 the apostasy we have to fear1 and is it
 not already formed8444       ,will it  
be said that our fears are imaginary8   
,imaginary8 ,did not       the ,rev4    
,john ,m4 ,duncan1 in the years #ahbe-f1
 or thereabouts1       sincerely believe

 the ,bible8 ,did he not even believe   
substantially       the confession of   
faith8 ,and was he not1 for daring to   
say what the       ,westminster         
,assembly said1 that1 to require the    
reception of that       creed as a test 
of ministerial qualification was an     
unwarrantable       imposition1 brought 
to trial1 condemned1 excommunicated1 and
 his       pulpit declared vacant8      
,there is nothing imaginary in the      
statement       that the creed-power is 
now beginning to prohibit the ,bible as 
really as ,rome did1 though in a subtler
 way4         ,oh6 woful day6 ,oh6      
unhappy church of ,christ6 fast rushing 
round       and round the fatal circle  
of absorbing ruin6444 ,daily does every 
one see that things are going wrong4    
,with sighs does every true       heart 
confess that rottenness is somewhere2   
but1 ah6 it is hopeless       of reform4
 ,we all pass on1 and the tide rolls    
down to night4 ,the       waves of      
coming conflict which is to convulse    

,christendom to her       center are    
beginning to be felt4 ,the deep heavings
 begin to swell       beneath us4 ',all 
the old signs fail4' ',god answers no   
more by ,urim       and ,thummim1 nor by
 dream1 nor by prophet4' ,men's hearts  
are       failing them for fear and for 
looking after those things that are     
coming on the earth4 ,thunders mutter in
 the distance4 ,winds moan       across 
the surging bosom of the deep4 ,all     
things betide the rising       of that  
final storm of divine indignation which 
shall sweep away       the vain refuge  
of lies4    ,in addition to this1 we    
have spiritualism1 infidelity1          
socialism1 and  free-love1 the trades   
unions1 or labor against capital1 and   
communism1  all assiduously spreading   
their principles among the masses4      
,these are  the very principles that    
worked among the people1 as the exciting
 cause1  just prior to the terrible     
,french revolution of #aghi-ahjj4 ,human
 nature  is the same in all ages1 and   

like causes will surely produce like    
results4 ,these causes are now all in   
active operation2 and how soon they     
will culminate in a state of anarchy1   
and a reign of terror as much more      
frightful than the ,french revolution as
 they are now more widely  extended1 no 
man can say4    ,such are some of the   
elements already at work2 such the      
direction in  which events are moving4  
,and how much further is it necessary   
that they  should progress in this      
manner1 before an open war-cry of       
persecution  from the masses1 against   
those whose simple adherence to the     
,bible shall  put to shame their        
man-made theology1 and whose godly lives
 shall  condemn their wicked practices1 
would seem in nowise startling or       
incongruous8 ,but some may say1 through 
an all-absorbing faith in the           
increasing virtue of the ,american      
people1 that they do not believe that   
the ,united ,states will ever raise the 
hand of persecution against any  class4 

,very well4 ,this is not a matter over  
which we need to indulge in  any        
controversy4 ,no process of reasoning1  
nor any amount of argument1  can ever   
show that it will not be so4 ,we think  
we have shown good ground  for strong   
probabilities in this direction2 and we 
shall present more  forcible evidence1  
and speak of more significant movements 
hereafter4 ,as  we interpret the        
prophecy1 we look upon it as inevitable4
 ,but the  decision of the question must
 be left to time4 ,we can neither help  
nor  hinder its work4 ,that will soon   
solve all doubts and correct all errors4
          ,chapter ,eight4    ,he ,doeth
 ,great ,wonders4      ,in further      
predicting the work of the two-horned   
beast1 the prophet  says3 ,and he       
exerciseth all the power of the first   
beast before him1  and causeth the earth
 and them which dwell therein to worship
 the first  beast1 whose deadly wound   
was healed4 ,this language is urged by  
some to  prove that the two-horned beast

 must be some power which holds the     
reins  of government in the very        
territory occupied by the first beast2  
for1  otherwise1 how could he exercise  
his power8    ,if the word before       
denoted precedence in time1 and the     
first beast  passed off the stage of    
action when the two-horned beast came   
on1 just  as ,babylon gave place to     
,persia1 which then exercised all the   
power of  ,babylon before it1 there     
would be some plausibility in the claim4
 ,but  the word rendered before is      
,greek3 enopion 7enopion7 which  means1 
literally1 in the presence of4 ,and so  
the language1 instead of  proving what  
is claimed1 becomes a most positive     
proof that these beasts  are distinct   
and cotemporary powers4    ,the first   
beast is in existence1 having all its   
symbolic vitality1 at  the very time the
 two-horned beast is exercising power in
 his presence4  ,but this could not be1 
if his dominion had passed into the     
hands of the  two-horned beast2 for a   

beast in prophecy ceases to exist when  
his  dominion is taken away4 ,what      
caused the change in the symbols from   
the  lion1 representing ,babylon1 to the
 bear representing ,persia8 ,simply a   
transfer of dominion from ,babylon to   
,persia4 ,and so the prophecy  explains 
the successive passing away of these    
beasts1 by saying that  their lives were
 prolonged1 but their dominion was taken
 away2 that is1  the territory of the   
kingdom was not blotted from the map1   
nor the lives  of the people destroyed  
ed1 but there was a transfer of power   
from one  nationality to another4 ,so   
the fact that the leopard beast is      
spoken of  as still an existing power1  
when the two-horned beast works in his  
presence1 is proof that he is1 at that  
time1 in possession of all the  dominion
 that was ever necessary to constitute  
him a symbol in prophecy4    ,what power
 then does the two-horned beast         
exercise8 ,not the power which  belongs 
to1 and is in the hands of1 the leopard 

beast1 surely2 but he  exercises1 or    
essays to exercise1 in his presence1    
power of the same  kind and to the same 
extent4 ,the power which the first beast
 exercised  was a terrible power of     
oppression against the people of ,god4  
,and this  is a further indication of   
the character which the two-horned beast
 is  finally to sustain in this respect4
    ,the latter part of the verse1 ,and 
causeth the earth and them which  dwell 
therein1 to worship the first beast1    
whose deadly wound was  healed1 is still
 further proof that the two-horned beast
 is no phase  nor feature of the papacy2
 for the first beast is certainly       
competent to  enforce his own worship in
 his own country1 and from his own      
subjects4  ,but it is the two-horned    
beast which causes the earth 7the       
territory out  of which it arose and    
over which it rules7 and them which     
dwell therein1  to worship the first    
beast4 ,this shows that this beast      
occupies  territory over which the first

 beast has no jurisdiction4    ,and he  
doeth great wonders1 so that he maketh  
fire come down from  heaven on the earth
 in the sight of men4 ,that we are      
living in an age  of wonders none deny4 
,time was1 and that not two score of    
years ago1  when the bare mention of    
achievements which now constitute the   
warp and  woof of every-day life1 were  
considered the wildest chimeras of a    
diseased imagination4 ,now1 nothing is  
too wonderful to be believed1 nor  too  
strange to happen4 ,go back fifty years1
 and the world with respect  to those   
things which tend to domestic           
convenience and comfort1 the  means of  
illumination1 the production and        
application of heat1 and the            
performance of various household        
operations2 with respect to methods of  
rapid locomotion from place to place1   
and the transmission of  intelligence   
from point to point1 stood about where  
it did in the days  of the patriarchs4  
,suddenly waters of that long stream    

over whose  drowsy surface scarcely a   
ripple of improvement had passed for    
three  thousand years1 broke into the   
white foam of violent agitation4 ,the   
world awoke from the slumber and        
darkness of ages4 ,the divine finger    
lifted the seal from the prophetic      
books1 and brought that predicted       
period when men should run to and fro1  
and knowledge should be  increased4     
,then men bound the elements to their   
chariots1 and reaching  up laid hold    
upon the very lightning and made it     
their message-bearer  around the world4 
,nahum foretold that at a certain time  
the chariots  should be with flaming    
torches and run like the lightnings4    
,who can  behold in the darkness of the 
night1 the locomotive dashing over its  
iron track1 the fiery glare of its great
 lidless eye driving the shadows  from  
its path1 and torrents of smoke and     
sparks and flame pouring from  its      
burning throat1 and not realize that    
ours are the eyes that are  privileged  

to look upon a fulfillment of ,nahum's  
prophecy4 ,but when this  should take   
place1 the prophet said that the times  
would be burdened  with the solemn work 
of ,god's preparation4    ,canst thou   
send lightnings1 said ,god to ,job1 that
 they may go and say  unto thee1 ,here  
we are8 ,if ,job were living to day1 he 
could answer1  ,yes4 ,it is one of the  
current sayings of our time that        
,franklin tamed  the lightning1 and     
,prof4 ,morse taught it the ,english    
language4    ,so1 in every department of
 the arts and sciences1 the advancement 
that  has been made within the last half
 century is without precedent in the    
world's history4 ,and in all these the  
,united ,states take the lead4 ,these   
facts are not1 indeed1 to be taken as a 
fulfillment of the prophecy1 but  they  
show the spirit of the age in which we  
live1 and point to this time  as a      
period when we may look for wonders of  
every kind4    ,the particular wonders  
to which the prophecy refers are        

evidently  wrought for the purpose of   
deceiving the people2 for verse #ad     
reads1  ,and deceiveth them that dwell  
on the earth by means of those miracles 
which he had power to do in the sight of
 the beast4 ,this identifies the        
two-horned beast with the false prophet 
of ,rev4 #ai3bj2 for this false  prophet
 is the power that works miracles before
 the beast1 with which1  says ,john1 he 
deceived them that had received the mark
 of the beast1  and them that worshiped 
his image1 the identical work of the    
two-horned  beast4 ,we can now ascertain
 by what means the miracles in question 
are  wrought2 for ,rev4 #af3ac1 #ad1    
speaks of spirits of devils working     
miracles1 which go forth unto the kings 
of the earth and of the whole  world to 
gather them to the battle of the great  
day of ,god ,almighty1 and  these       
miracle-working spirits go forth out of 
the mouths of certain  powers1 one of   
which is this very false prophet1 or    
two-horned beast4    ,miracles are of   

two kinds1 true and false1 just as we   
have a true  ,christ and false ,christs1
 true and false prophets1 and true and  
false  apostles4 ,by a false miracle1 we
 mean not a pretended miracle1 which is 
no miracle at all1 but a real miracle1 a
 supernatural performance1  wrought for 
the purpose of deceiving1 or of proving 
a lie4 ,the miracles  of this power are 
real miracles1 but are wrought for the  
purpose of  deception4 ,the prophecy    
does not read that he deceived the      
people by  means of the miracles which  
he claimed that he was able to perform1 
or  which he pretended to do2 but which 
he had power to do4 ,they1  therefore1  
fall far short of the prophecy who      
suppose that the great  wonders wrought 
by this power were fulfilled by         
,napoleon when he told  the ,mussulmans 
that he could command a fiery chariot to
 come down from  heaven1 but never did  
it1 or by the pretended miracles of the 
,romish  church1 which are only shams1  
mere tricks played off by ungodly and   

designing priests upon their ignorant   
and superstitious dupes4    ,miracles1  
or wonders1 such as are to be wrought by
 the two-horned beast1  and withal1 as  
we think1 the very ones referred to in  
the prophecy1 are  mentioned by ,paul in
 #b ,thess4 #b3i1 #aj4 ,speaking of the 
second coming of  ,christ1 he says1     
,whose coming is after 7,greek3 kata1 at
 the time  of7 the working of ,satan    
with all power and signs and lying      
wonders1 and  with all deceivableness of
 unrighteousness in them that perish1   
because  they received not the love of  
the truth1 that they might be saved4    
,these are no slight-of-hand            
performances1 but such a working of     
,satan as  the world has never before   
seen4 ,to work with all power and signs 
and  lying wonders1 is certainly to do a
 real and an astounding work1 but one   
which is designed to prove a lie4       
,again1 the ,saviour1 predicting events 
to occur just before his second  coming1
 says1 ,for there shall arise false     

,christs and false prophets1  and shall 
show great signs and wonders1 insomuch  
that1 if it were  possible1 they shall  
deceive the very elect4 ,here1 again1   
are wonders  foretold1 wrought for the  
purpose of deception1 so powerful that1 
were  it possible1 even the very elect  
would be deceived by them4    ,thus we  
have a series of prophecies setting     
forth the development1 in  the last     
days1 of a wonder-working power1        
manifested to a startling and           
unprecedented degree1 in the interests  
of falsehood and error4 ,all refer  to  
one and the same thing4 ,the earthly    
government1 with which it was to  be    
especially connected1 is that           
represented by the two-horned beast1 or 
false prophet4 ,the agency lying back of
 the outward manifestations was  to be  
,satanic1 the spirits of devils4 ,the   
prophecy calls for such a work  as this 
in our own country at the present time4 
,do we behold anything  like it8 ,read  
the answer in the lamentation of the    

prophet3 ,woe to the  inhabiters of the 
earth1 and of the sea6 for the devil is 
come down unto  you having great wrath1 
because he knoweth that he hath but a   
short  time4 ,stand aghast1 ,o ,earth6  
,tremble1 ye people1 but be not         
deceived4  ,the huge specter of evil    
confronts us1 as the prophet declared4  
,satan is  loosed4 ,from the depth of   
,tartarus1 myriads of demons swarm over 
the  land4 ,the prince of darkness      
manifests himself as never before1 and1 
stealing a word from the vocabulary of  
,heaven to designate his work1 he  calls
 it--,spiritualism4    #a4 ,does        
spiritualism1 then1 bear these marks of 
,satanic agency8    #ast4 ,the spirits  
which communicate claim to be the       
spirits of our  departed friends4 ,but  
the ,bible1 in the most explicit terms1 
assures us  that the dead are wholly    
inactive and unconscious till the       
resurrection2  that the dead know not   
anything2 ,eccl4 #i3e2 that every       
operation of the  mind has ceased2 ,ps4 

#adf3d2 that every emotion of the heart 
is  suspended2 ,eccl4 #i3f2 and that    
there is neither work1 nor device1 nor  
knowledge1 nor wisdom1 in the grave1    
where they lie4 ,eccl4 #i3aj4  ,whatever
 intelligence1 therefore1 comes to us   
professing to be one of  our dead       
friends1 comes claiming to be what1 from
 the word of ,god1 we  know he is not4  
,but angels of ,god don't lie2 therefore
 these are not the  good angels4        
,spirits of devils will lie2 this is    
their work2 and these  are the          
credentials which at the very outset    
they hand us4    #b;dly4 ,the doctrines 
which they teach are from the lowest and
 foulest  depths of the pit of lies4    
,they deny ,god4 ,they deny ,christ4    
,they deny  the atonement4 ,they deny   
the ,bible4 ,they deny the existence of 
sin1 and  all distinction between right 
and wrong4 ,they deny the sacredness of 
the  marriage covenant2 and1            
interspersing their utterances with the 
most  horrid blasphemies against ,god   

and his ,son1 and everything that is    
lovely1 and good1 and pure1 they give   
the freest license to every  propensity 
to sin1 and to every carnal and fleshly 
lust4 ,tell us not  that these things1  
openly taught under the garb of         
religion1 and backed  up by supernatural
 sights and sounds1 are anything less   
than ,satan's  masterpiece4    #b4      
,spiritualism answers accurately to the 
prophecy in the exhibition of  great    
signs and wonders4 ,among its many      
achievements1 these may be  mentioned3  
,various articles have been transported 
from place to place by  spirits alone4  
,beautiful music has been produced1     
independent of human  agency1 with and  
without the aid of visible instruments4 
,many  well-attested cases of healing   
have been presented4 ,persons have been 
carried through the air by the spirits  
in the presence of many others4  ,tables
 have been suspended in the air with    
several persons upon them4  ,and1       
finally1 spirits have represented       

themselves in bodily form and  talked   
with an audible voice4 ,a writer in the 
,spiritual ,clarion speaks  as follows  
of the manner in which spiritualism has 
arisen1 and the  astounding progress it 
has made3--         ,this revelation has
 been with a power1 a might1 that if    
divested       of its almost universal  
benevolence1 had been a terror to the   
very       soul2 the hair of the very   
bravest had stood on end1 and his       
chilled blood had crept back upon his   
heart at the sights and       sounds of 
its inexplicable phenomena4 ,it comes   
with foretokening1       with warning4  
,it has been1 from the very first1 its  
own best       prophet1 and step by step
 it has foretold the progress it would  
make4 ,it comes1 too1 most triumphant4  
,no faith before it ever took       so  
victorious a stand in its infancy4 ,it  
has swept like a hurricane       of fire
 through the land1 compelling faith from
 the baffled scoffer       and the most 
determined doubter4    #c4 ,spiritualism

 answers to the prophecy in that it had 
its origin in our  own country1 thus    
connecting its wonders with the work of 
the two-horned  beast4 ,commencing in   
,hydesville1 ,n4,y41 in the family of   
,mr4 ,john ,d4 ,fox1  in the latter part
 of ,march1 #ahdh1 it spread with       
incredible rapidity  through all the    
,states4 ,the estimates of the number of
 spiritualists in  this country at the  
present time1 only twenty-six short     
years from its  commencement1 though    
differing somewhat from each other1 are 
nevertheless such as to show that the   
progress of spiritualism has been       
without a parallel4 ,thus1 ,judge       
,edmonds puts the number at five or six 
millions 7#e1jjj1jjj or #f1jjj1jjj72    
,hepworth ,dixon1 three millions        
7#c1jjj1jjj72 ,a4,j4 ,davis1 four       
millions1 two hundred and thirty        
thousand  7#d1bcj1jjj72 ,warren ,chase1 
eight millions 7#h1jjj1jjj72 and the    
,roman  ,catholic ,council at           
,baltimore1 between ten and eleven      

millions  7#aj1jjj1jjj to #aa1jjj1jjj74 
,of those who have become its devotees1 
,judge ,edmonds said as long ago as     
#ahec3--         ,besides the           
undistinguished multitude1 there are    
many now of high       standing and     
talent ranked among them--doctors1      
lawyers1 and       clergymen1 in great  
numbers1 a ,protestant bishop1 the      
learned and       reverend president of 
a college1 judges of our higher courts1 
members of ,congress1 foreign           
ambassadors1 and ex-members of the      
,united ,states ,senate4    ,this       
statement was written more than twenty  
years since2 and from that  time to     
this1 the work of the spirits has been  
steadily progressing1 and  spreading    
among all classes of people4    ,and    
from this nation1 spiritualism has gone 
abroad into all the earth4  ,queen      
,victoria is almost an insane devotee of
 the new philosophy4 ,the  late ,emperor
 and ,empress of ,france1 the late      
,queen of ,spain1 the ,roman  ,pontiff1 

and the ,emperor and ,grand ,dukes of   
,russia are all said to have  sought to 
these spirits for knowledge4 ,thus it is
 working its way to the  potentates of  
the earth1 and fast preparing to        
accomplish its real  mission1 which is1 
by deceiving the world with its         
miracles1 to gather  the nations to the 
battle of the great day of ,god         
,almighty4    ,here we pause4 ,let this 
work go on a little longer1 as it has   
been  going1 and as it is still going1  
and what a scene is before us6 ,having  
seen so much fulfilled1 we cannot now   
draw back and deny the remainder4  ,and 
so we look for the onward march of this 
last great wonder-working  deception1   
till that is accomplished which in the  
days of ,elijah was a  test between     
,jehovah and ,baal1 and fire is brought 
down from heaven to  earth in the sight 
of men4 ,then will be the hour of the   
power of  darkness1 the hour of         
temptation that is coming upon all the  
world to  try them that dwell upon the  

earth4 ,rev4 #c3aj4 ,then all will be   
swept  from their anchorage by the      
strong current of delusion1 except those
  whom it is not possible to            
deceive--the elect of ,god4    ,and     
still the world sleeps on1 while ,satan1
 with lightning fingers and  hellish    
energy1 weaves over them his last fatal 
snare4 ,it is time some  mighty move was
 made to waken the world and rouse the  
church to the  dangers we are in4 ,it is
 time every honest heart should learn   
that the  only safeguard against the    
great deception1 whose incipient and    
even  well-advanced workings we already 
behold before our eyes1 is to make the  
truths of ,god's holy and immutable word
 our shield and buckler4                
,chapter ,nine4    ,an ,image ,to ,the  
,beast4      ,the imposing miracles     
wrought before the people having riveted
 upon them  the chains of a fatal       
deception1 leading them to suppose they 
have  witnessed the great power of ,god1
 and must therefore be doing him        

service1 when they have only been dazed 
with a mighty display of ,satanic       
wonders1 and are led captive by the     
devil at his will1 they are prepared  to
 do the further bidding of the          
two-horned beast1 which is to make an   
image to the beast which had the wound  
by a sword and did live4    ,once more  
we remind the reader of the impregnable 
strength of the  argument already       
presented in previous chapters1 fixing  
the application  of this symbol to these
 ,united ,states4 ,this is an           
established  proposition1 and needs no  
farther support4 ,an exposition of the  
remainder of the prophecy will therefore
 consist chiefly of an effort to        
determine what acts are to be performed 
by this government1 and a search  for   
indications1 if any exist1 that they are
 about to be accomplished4  ,if we shall
 find evidences springing up on all     
sides1 that this  government is now     
moving as rapidly as possible in the    
very direction  marked out by the       

prophet1 though these are not necessary 
to establish  the application of the    
symbol to this government1 they will    
serve to  stifle the last excuse of     
skepticism1 and become to the believer  
an  impressive evidence of our proximity
 to the end2 for the acts ascribed  to  
this symbol are but few2 and while yet  
in mid career1 he is engulfed  in the   
lake of fire of the last great day4     
,we may1 however1 notice in passing1    
another evidence that the government    
symbolized by the two-horned beast is   
certainly a republic4 ,this is  proved  
by the language used respecting the     
formation of the image4 ,it  does not   
read that this power1 as an act of      
imperial or kingly  authority1 makes an 
image to the beast2 but it says to them 
that dwell  on the earth1 that is1 the  
people occupying the territory where it 
arises1 that they should make an image  
to the beast4 ,appeal is made to  the   
people1 showing conclusively that the   
power is in their hands4 ,but  just as  

surely as the government symbolized is a
 republic1 so surely is  it none other  
than the ,united ,states of ,america4   
,we have seen that the wonder-working   
,satanic agencies1 which are to  perform
 the foretold miracles1 and prepare the 
people for the next step  in the        
prophecy1 the formation of the image1   
are already in the field1  and have even
 now wrought out a work of vast         
proportion in our country2  and we now  
hasten forward to the very important    
inquiry1 ,what will  constitute the     
image8 and what steps are necessary to  
its formation8    ,the people are to be 
called upon to make an image to the     
beast1 which  expression doubtless      
involves the idea of some deferential   
action  toward1 or concessions to1 that 
power2 and the image1 when made1 is an  
image1 likeness1 or representation of   
the beast4 ,verse #ae4 ,the beast  from 
which the image is modeled1 is the one  
which had a wound by a sword  and did   
live1 or the papacy4 ,from this point is

 seen the collusion of  the two-horned  
beast with the leopard or papal beast4  
,he does great  wonders in the sight of 
that beast2 he causes men to worship    
that beast2  he leads them to make an   
image to that beast2 and he causes all  
to  receive a mark1 which is the mark of
 that beast4 ,these palpable  evidences 
of co-operation with the papal power1   
led ,eld4 ,j4 ,litch1 about  #ahdb1 to  
write concerning the two-horned beast   
thus3--         ,i think it is a power  
yet to be developed or made manifest1 as
 an       accomplice of the papacy in   
subjecting the world4    ,to understand 
what would be an image of the papacy1 we
 must first form a  definite idea of    
what constitutes the papacy itself4     
,papal supremacy  dates from the time   
when the decree of ,justinian1          
constituting the pope  the head of the  
church and the corrector of heretics1   
was carried into  effect1 in #ech4 ,the 
papacy1 then1 was a church clothed with 
civil power1  an ecclesiastical body1   

having authority to punish all          
dissenters with  confiscation1          
imprisonment1 torture1 and death4 ,what 
would be an image  of the papacy8       
,another ecclesiastical establishment   
clothed with similar  power4 ,how could 
such an image be formed in this country8
 ,let the  ,protestant churches in our  
land be clothed with power to define and
  punish heresy1 to enforce their dogmas
 under the pains and penalties of  the  
civil law1 and should we not have an    
exact representation of the  papacy     
during the days of its supremacy8    ,it
 may be objected that whereas the papal 
church was comparatively a  unit1 and   
hence could act in harmony in all its   
departments in enforcing  its dogmas1   
the ,protestant church is so divided as 
to be unable to agree  in regard to what
 doctrines shall be made imperative on  
the people4 ,we  answer1 there are      
certain points which they hold in       
common1 and which  are sufficient to    
form a basis of co-operation4 ,chief    

among these may be  mentioned the       
doctrine of the conscious state of the  
dead and the  immortality of the soul1  
which is both the foundation and        
superstructure  of spiritualism1 and    
also the doctrine that the first day of 
the week is  the ,christian ,sabbath4   
,it may be objected again that this view
 makes one of the horns1 the            
,protestant church1 finally constitute  
the image of the beast4 ,if the  reader 
supposes that the ,protestant church    
constitutes one of the horns  of the    
two-horned beast1 we reply that this is 
a conception of his own4  ,no such idea 
is here taught4 ,and we mention this    
objection only because  it has been     
actually urged as a legitimate          
consequence of the positions  here      
taken4 ,and then the question is asked1 
,if the ,protestant church  constitutes 
one horn1 may not the ,catholic church  
constitute the other8  ,under the shadow
 of that hypothetical if1 perhaps it    
might4 ,but  neither the one nor the    

other performs such an office4 ,in      
chapter six of  this work1 it was shown 
that the two great principles of        
,republicanism  and ,protestantism were 
the proper objects to be symbolized by  
these two  lamb-like horns4 ,but there  
is the plainest distinction between     
,protestantism as an embodiment of the  
great principle of religions  liberty1  
and the different religious bodies that 
have grown up under its  fostering      
influence2 just as plain as there is    
between ,republicanism1 or  civil       
liberty1 and the individual who lives in
 the enjoyment of such  liberty4 ,the   
supposition1 therefore1 that the        
,protestant church is to  furnish the   
material for the image1 involves no     
violation of the  symbolic harmony of   
this prophecy4    ,let us look a moment 
at the fitness of the material4 ,we are 
not  unmindful of the noble service the 
,protestant churches have rendered to   
the world1 to humanity1 and to religion1
 by introducing and defending1  so far  

as they have1 the great principles of   
,protestantism4 ,but they  have made a  
fatal mistake in stereotyping their     
doctrines into creeds1  and thus taking 
the first steps backward toward the     
spiritual tyranny  of ,rome4 ,thus the  
good promise they gave of a free        
religion and an  unfettered conscience  
is already broken4 ,for1 if the right of
 private  judgment is allowed by the    
,protestant church1 why are men         
condemned and  expelled from that church
 for ncwother crime than honestly       
attempting to  obey the word of ,god1 in
 some particulars not in accordance with
 her  creed8 ,this is the beginning of  
apostasy4 ,read ,chas4 ,beecher's work1 
,the ,bible a ,sufficient ,creed4 ,is   
not the ,protestant church1 he asks1    
apostate8 ,is not the apostasy which we 
have reason to fear1 already  formed8   
,but apostasy in principle always leads 
to corruption in  practice4 ,and so     
,paul1 in #b ,tim4 #c3a-e1 sets forth   
the condition of the  professed church  

of ,christ in the last days4 ,a rank    
growth of twenty  heinous sins1 with no 
redeeming virtues1 shows that the fruits
 of the  ,spirit will be choked and     
rooted out by the works of the flesh4   
,we can  look nowhere else for this     
picture of ,paul's to be fulfilled      
except to  the ,protestant church2 for  
the class of which he speaks maintain a 
form  of godliness1 or the outward      
services of a true ,christian worship4  
,and is not the church of our day       
beginning to manifest to an alarming    
degree the very characteristics which   
the apostle has specified8 ,fifteen     
clergymen of the city of ,rochester1    
,n4,y41 on ,sunday1 ,feb4 #e1 #ahga1    
distributed a circular1 entitled ,a     
,testimony1 to fifteen congregations  of
 that city4 ,to this circular the       
,rochester ,democrat of ,feb4 #g made   
reference as follows3--         ,the    
',testimony' sets out by stating that   
the foregoing pastors are               
constrained to bear witness to what they

 'conceive to be a fact of       our    
time2 viz41 ,that the prevailing        
standard of piety1 among the            
professed people of ,god1 is alarmingly 
low2 that a tide of       worldliness is
 setting in upon us1 indicating the     
rapid approach of       an era1 such as 
is foretold by ,paul in his second      
letter to       ,timothy1 in the words1 
,in the last days perilous times shall  
come4' ,these conclusions are reached1  
not by comparisons with       former    
times1 but by applying the tests found  
in the ,scriptures4       ,they instance
 as proof1 'the spirit of lawlessness   
which prevails4'       ,the circular    
then explains how this lawlessness      
7religious7 is       shown4 ,men have   
the name of religion1 but they obey none
 of its       injunctions4 ,there is    
also a growing disposition to practice1 
in       religious circles1 what is     
agreeable to the natural inclinations1  
rather than the duties prescribed by the
 word of ,god4 ,the tendency       to   

adopt worldly amusements1 by professed  
,christians1 is further       stated in 
evidence4    ,this testimony is very    
explicit4 ,when men have the name of    
religion1  but obey none of its         
injunctions1 they certainly may be said 
to have a  form of godliness1 but to    
deny the power2 and when they practice  
in  religious circles what is agreeable 
to the natural inclinations1 rather     
than the duties prescribed by the word  
of ,god1 they may be truthfully  said to
 be lovers of pleasures more than lovers
 of ,god4 ,and ,rochester  is not an    
exception in this respect4 ,it is so all
 over the land1 as the  candid          
everywhere1 by a sad array of facts1 are
 compelled to admit4    ,that the       
majority of the ,christians in our land 
are still to be found  in connection    
with these churches is undoubtedly true4
 ,but a change in  this respect is also 
approaching4 ,for ,paul exhorts all true
 ,christians1  in his words to ,timothy 
above referred to1 to turn away from    

those who  have a form of godliness1 but
 deny the power thereof2 and those who  
desire to live pure and holy lives1 who 
mourn over the desolations of  their    
,zion1 and sigh for the abominations    
done in the land1 will  certainly heed  
this injunction of the apostle4 ,there  
is another prophecy  which also shows   
that when the spirit of worldliness and 
apostasy has so  far taken possession of
 the professed churches of ,christ as to
 place  them beyond the reach of reform1
 ,god's true children are every one to  
be  called out1 that they become not    
partakers of their sins1 and so receive 
not of their plagues4 ,rev4 #ah3d4      
,from the course which church members   
are everywhere pursuing1 it is  plain to
 be seen in what direction the          
,protestant churches are drifting2  and 
from the declarations of ,god's word it 
is evident that all whose  hearts are   
touched by ,god's grace and molded by   
his love will soon come  out from a     
connection in which1 while they can do  

no good to others1  they will receive   
only evil to themselves4    ,and now we 
ask the reader to consider seriously for
 a moment what the  state of the        
religious world will be when this change
 shall have taken  place4 ,we shall then
 have an array of proud and popular     
churches from  whose communion all the  
good have departed1 from whom the ,holy 
,spirit is  withdrawn1 and who are in a 
state of hopeless departure from ,god4  
,god is  no respecter of persons nor of 
churches2 and if the ,protestant        
churches  apostatize from him1 will they
 not be just as efficient agents in the 
hand of the enemy as ever pagans or     
papists have been8 ,will they not  then 
be ready for any desperate measure of   
bigotry and oppression in  which he may 
wish to enlist them8 ,after the ,jewish 
church had finally  rejected ,christ1   
how soon they were ready to imbrue their
 hands in the  blood of his crucifixion4
 ,and is it not the testimony of all    
history1  that just in proportion as any

 popular and extensive ecclesiastical   
organization loses the ,spirit and power
 of ,god1 it clamors for the  support of
 the civil arm8    ,let1 now1 an        
ecclesiastical organization be formed by
 these churches2  let the government    
legalize such organization1 and give it 
power 7a  power which it will not have  
till the government does grant it7 to   
enforce upon the people the dogmas which
 the different denominations can  all   
adopt as the basis of union1 and what do
 we have8 ,just what the  prophecy      
represents3 an image to the papal beast1
 endowed with life by  the two-horned   
beast1 to speak and act with power4     
,and are there any indications of such a
 movement8 ,the preliminary  question1  
that of the grand union of all the      
churches1 is now profoundly  agitating  
the religious world4    ,in ,may1 #ahfi1
 ,s4,m4 ,manning1 ,d4,d41 in a sermon in
 ,broadway ,tabernacle1  ,new ,york1    
spoke of the recent efforts to unite all
 the churches in the  land into         

co-operation on the common points of    
their faith1 as a  prominent and        
noteworthy sign of the times    ,dr4    
,lyman ,beecher is quoted as saying3--  
,there is a state of society to be      
formed by an extended       combination 
of institutions1 religious1 civil and   
literary1 which       never exists      
without the co-operation of an educated 
ministry4    ,chas4 ,beecher1 in his    
sermon at the dedication of the ,second 
,presbyterian church1 ,ft4 ,wayne1      
,ind41 ,feb4 #bb1 #ahdf1 said3--        
,thus are the ministry of the           
evangelical ,protestant denominations   
not only formed all the way up under a  
tremendous pressure of       merely     
human fear1 but they live1 and move1 and
 breathe1 in a state       of things    
radically corrupt1 and appealing every  
hour to every       baser element of    
their nature to hush up the truth and   
bow the knee       to the power of      
apostasy4 ,was not this the way things  
went with       ,rome8 ,are we not      

living her life over again8 ,and what do
 we see       just ahead8 ,another      
general council6 ,a world's convention6 
,evangelical ,alliance and ,universal   
,creed4    ,the ,banner of ,light of    
,july #cj1 #ahfd1 said3--         ,a    
system will be unfolded sooner or later 
that will embrace in       its folds    
,church and ,state2 for the object of   
the two should be one       and the     
same4 ,the time is rapidly approaching  
when the world will       be startled by
 a voice that shall say to every form of
 oppression       and wrong1 ',thus far 
shalt thou go and no farther4' ,old     
things are       rapidly passing away in
 the religious and social1 as well as in
 the       political1 world4 ,behold all
 things must be formed anew4    ,the    
,church ,advocate1 in ,march1 #ahgj1    
speaking of the formation of an         
,independent ,american ,catholic        
,church1 a movement now agitated in this
  country1 said3--         ,there is    
evidently some secret power at work     

which may be       preparing the world  
for great events in the near future4    
,a ,mr4 ,havens1 in a speech delivered  
in ,new ,york1 a few years ago1  said3--
         ,for my own part ,i wait to see
 the day when a ,luther shall spring    
up in this country who shall found a    
great ,american ,catholic       church1 
instead of a great ,roman ,catholic     
church2 and who shall       teach men   
that they can be good ,catholics without
 professing       allegiance to a       
pontiff on the other side of the        
,atlantic4    ,there is every indication
 that at no distant day such a church   
will be  seen1 not indeed1 raised up    
through the instrumentality of a        
,luther1 but  rather through the        
operation of the same spirit that       
inspired a ,fernando  ,nunez or a       
,torquemada4          ,chapter ,ten4    
,the ,mark ,of ,the ,beast4      ,the   
principal acts ascribed to the          
two-horned beast1 which seem to be      
performed with special reference to the 

papal beast1 are1 the causing of  men to
 worship that beast1 causing them to    
make an image to that beast1  and       
enforcing upon them the mark of the     
beast4 ,the image1 after it is  created 
and endowed with life1 undertakes to    
enforce the worship of  itself4 ,to     
avoid confusion1 we must keep these     
parties distinct in our  minds4 ,there  
are three here brought before us3 #a4   
,the papal beast4 ,this  power is       
designated as the beast1 the first      
beast1 the beast which  had the wound by
 a sword and did live1 and1 the beast   
whose deadly  wound was healed4 ,these  
expressions all refer to the same power2
 and  wherever they occur in this       
prophecy1 they have exclusive reference 
to  the papacy4 #b4 ,the two-horned     
beast4 ,this power1 after its           
introduction  in verse #aa1 is          
represented through the remainder of the
 prophecy by the  pronoun he2 and       
wherever this pronoun occurs1 down to   
the #agth verse  7with possibly the     

exception of the #afth verse1 which     
perhaps may refer  to the image71 it    
refers invariably to the two-horned     
beast4 #c4 ,the  image of the beast4    
,this is1 every time1 with the exception
 just  stated1 called the image2 so that
 there is no danger of confounding this 
with any other agent4    ,the acts      
ascribed to the image are speaking and  
enforcing the worship of  itself under  
the penalty of death2 and this is the   
only enactment which  the prophecy      
mentions as enforced under the death    
penalty4 ,just what  will constitute    
this worship1 it will perhaps be        
impossible to determine  till the image 
itself shall have an existence4 ,it will
 evidently be some  act or acts by which
 men will be required to acknowledge the
 authority  of that image and yield     
obedience to its mandates4    ,the mark 
of the beast is enforced by the         
two-horned beast either  directly or    
through the image4 ,the penalty attached
 to a refusal to  receive this mark is a

 forfeiture of all social privileges1 a 
deprivation of the right to buy and     
sell4 ,the mark is the mark of the      
papal beast4 ,against this worship of   
the beast and his image1 and the        
reception of his mark1 the third angel's
 message of ,rev4 #ad3i-ab1 is a  most  
solemn and thrilling warning4    ,here1 
then1 is the issue before us4 ,human    
organizations1 controlled and  inspired 
by the spirit of the dragon1 are to     
command men to do those  acts which are 
in reality the worshiping of an apostate
 religious power1  and the receiving of 
his mark1 or lose the rights of         
citizenship and  become outlaws in the  
land2 and to do that which constitutes  
the  worship of the image of the beast1 
or forfeit their lives4 ,on the other   
hand1 ,god says by a message1 mercifully
 sent out a little before the  fearful  
crisis is upon us1 ,do any of these     
things1 and you shall drink  of the wine
 of the wrath of ,god which is poured   
out without mixture into  the cup of his

 indignation4 ,he who refuses to comply 
with these demands  of earthly powers   
exposes himself to the severest         
penalties which human  beings can       
inflict2 and he who does comply1 exposes
 himself to the most  terrible          
threatening of divine wrath to be found 
in the word of ,god4 ,the  question     
whether we will obey ,god or man is to  
be decided by the people  of the present
 age1 under the heaviest pressure1 from 
either side1 that  has ever been brought
 to bear upon any generation4    ,the   
worship of the beast and his image1 and 
the reception of his mark1  must be     
something that involves the greatest    
offense that can be  committed against  
,god1 to call down so severe a          
denunciation of wrath  against it4 ,this
 is a work1 as was shown in chapter #d1 
which takes place  in the last days2 and
 as ,god has given us in his word most  
abundant  evidence to show when we are  
in the last days1 so that no one need to
 be  overtaken by the day of the ,lord  

as by a thief1 so likewise it must be   
that he has given us the means whereby  
we may determine what this great        
latter-day sin is which he has so       
strongly condemned1 that we may avoid   
the fearful penalty so sure to follow   
its commission4 ,god does not so  trifle
 with human hopes and human destinies as
 to denounce a most  fearful doom       
against a certain sin1 and then place it
 out of our power  to understand what   
that sin is1 so that we have no means of
 guarding  against it4    ,that we are  
now living in the last days1 the volumes
 both of revelation  and nature bear    
ample and harmonious testimony4         
,evidence on this point  we need not    
here stop to introduce2 for the         
testimony already presented  in the     
foregoing chapters of this series1      
showing that the two-horned  beast is   
now on the stage of action1 is in itself
 conclusive proof of  this great fact1  
inasmuch as the power exists and        
performs its work in  the very closing  

period of human history4 ,all these     
things tell us that  the time has now   
come for the proclamation of the third  
message of ,rev4  #ad1 to be given1 and 
for men to understand the terms which it
 uses1 and  the warning it gives4    ,we
 therefore now call attention to the    
very important inquiry1 ,what           
constitutes the mark of the beast8 ,the 
figure of a mark is borrowed from  an   
ancient custom4 ,says ,bp4 ,newton      
7,dissert on ,proph41 vol4 iii1 p4      
#bda73--         ,it was customary among
 the ancients for servants to receive   
the       mark of their master1 and     
soldiers of their general1 and those who
       were devoted to any particular   
deity1 of the particular deity to       
whom they were devoted4 ,these marks    
were usually impressed on their         
right hand1 or on their foreheads1 and  
consisted of some       hieroglyphic    
character1 or of the name expressed in  
vulgar       letters1 or of the name    
disguised in numerical letters according

 to       the fancy of the imposer4     
,prideaux says that ,ptolemy ,philopater
 ordered all the ,jews who applied  to  
be enrolled as citizens of ,alexandria  
to have the form of an ivy leaf  7the   
badge of his god1 ,bacchus7 impressed   
upon them with a hot iron1  under pain  
of death4 7,connection ,b4,c4 #baf47    
,the word used for mark in this prophecy
 is ,greek3 charagma  7charagma71 and is
 defined to mean1 a graving1 sculpture1 
a mark cut  in or stamped4 ,it occurs   
nine times in the ,new ,testament1 and  
with the  single exception of ,acts     
#ag3bi1 refers every time to the mark of
 the  beast4 ,we are not1 of course1 to 
understand in this symbolic prophecy1   
that a literal mark is intended2 but the
 giving of the literal mark1 as         
practiced in ancient times1 is used as a
 figure to illustrate certain  acts that
 will be performed in the fulfillment of
 this prophecy4 ,and  from the literal  
mark as formerly employed1 we learn     
something of its  meaning as used in the

 prophecy2 for between the symbol and   
the thing  symbolized there must be some
 resemblance4 ,the mark1 as literally   
used1  signified that the person        
receiving it was the servant of1        
acknowledged  the authority of1 or      
professed allegiance to1 the person     
whose mark he  bore4 ,so the mark of the
 beast1 or the papacy1 must be some act 
or  profession by which the authority of
 that power is acknowledged4 ,what  is  
it8    ,it would be naturally looked for
 in some of the special characteristics 
of the papal power4 ,daniel1 describing 
that power under the symbol of a  little
 horn1 speaks of it as waging a special 
warfare against ,god1  wearing out the  
saints of the ,most ,high1 and thinking 
to change times  and laws4 ,the prophet 
expressly specifies on this point3 ,he  
shall  think to change times and laws4  
,these laws must certainly be the laws  
of the ,most ,high4 ,to apply it to     
human laws1 and make the prophecy read1 
,and he shall speak great words against 

the ,most ,high1 and shall wear  out the
 saints of the ,most ,high1 and think to
 change human laws1 would  be doing     
evident violence to the language of the 
prophet4 ,but to apply  it to the laws  
of ,god1 and let it read1 ,and he shall 
speak great words  against the ,most    
,high1 and shall wear out the saints of 
the ,most ,high1  and shall think to    
change the times and laws of the ,most  
,high--then all  is consistent and      
forcible4 ,the ,septuagint reads1       
,greek3 nomos  7nomos71 in the singular1
 the law1 which more directly suggests  
the  law of ,god4 ,so far as human laws 
are concerned1 the papacy has been able 
to do more than merely think to change  
them4 ,it has been able to  change them 
at pleasure4 ,it has annulled the       
decrees of kings and  emperors1 and     
absolved subjects from allegiance to    
their rightful  sovereigns4 ,it has     
thrust its long arm into the affairs of 
nations1 and  brought rulers to its feet
 in the most abject humility4 ,but the  

prophet  beholds greater acts of        
presumption than these4 ,he sees it     
endeavor to  do1 what it was not able to
 do1 but could only think to do2 he sees
 it  attempt an act which no man1 nor   
any combination of men1 can ever        
accomplish2 and that is1 to change the  
laws of the ,most ,high4 ,bear this  in 
mind while we look at the testimony of  
another sacred writer on this  very     
point4    ,paul speaks of the same power
 in #b ,thess4 #b2 and he describes it1 
in the  person of the pope1 as the man  
of sin1 and as sitting as ,god in the   
temple of ,god 7that is1 the church71   
and as exalting himself above all  that 
is called ,god or that is worshiped4    
,according to this1 the pope  sets      
himself up as the one for all the church
 to look to for authority1  in the place
 of ,god4 ,and now we ask the reader to 
ponder carefully the  question how he   
can exalt himself above ,god4 ,search   
through the whole  range of human       
devices2 go to the extent of human      

effort2 by what plan1  by what move1 by 
what claim1 could this usurper exalt    
himself above ,god8  ,he might institute
 any number of ceremonies1 he might     
prescribe any form  of worship1 he might
 exhibit any degree of power2 but so    
long as ,god had  requirements which the
 people felt bound to regard in         
preference to his  own1 so long he would
 not be above ,god4 ,he might enact a   
law and teach  the people that they were
 under as great obligations to that as  
to the  law of ,god4 ,then he would only
 make himself equal with ,god4 ,but he  
is to  do more than this3 he is to      
attempt to raise himself above him4     
,then he  must promulgate a law which   
conflicts with the law of ,god1 and     
demand  obedience to his own in         
preference to ,god's4 ,there is no other
 possible  way in which he could place  
himself in the position assigned in the 
prophecy4 ,but this is simply to change 
the law of ,god2 and if he can  cause   
this change to be adopted by the people 

in place of the original  enactment1    
then he1 the law-changer1 is above ,god1
 the law-maker4 ,and  this is the very  
work that ,daniel said he should think  
to do4    ,such a work as this1 then1   
the papacy must accomplish according to 
the  prophecy2 and the prophecy cannot  
fail4 ,and when this is done1 what do   
the people of the world have8 ,they have
 two laws demanding from them           
obedience3 one1 the law of ,god as      
originally enacted by him1 an           
embodiment of his will1 and expressing  
his claims upon his creatures2  the     
other1 a revised edition of that law1   
emanating from the pope of  ,rome1 and  
expressing his will4 ,and how is it to  
be determined which of  these powers the
 people honor and worship8 ,it is       
determined by the law  which they keep4 
,if they keep the law of ,god as given  
by him1 they  worship and obey ,god4 ,if
 they keep the law as changed by the    
papacy1  they worship that power4 ,but  
further1 the prophecy does not say that 

the  little horn should set aside the   
law of ,god and give one entirely       
different4 ,this would not be to change 
the law1 but simply to give a new  one4 
,he was only to attempt a change1 so    
that the law as it comes from  ,god1 and
 the law as it comes from the hands of  
the papacy1 are precisely  alike1       
excepting the change which the papacy   
has made therein4 ,they have  many      
points in common4 ,but none of the      
precepts which they contain in  common  
can distinguish a person as the         
worshiper of either power in  preference
 to the other4 ,if ,god's law says1     
,thou shalt not kill1 and  the law as   
given by the papacy says the same1 no   
one can tell by a  person's observance  
of that precept whether he designed to  
obey ,god  rather than the pope1 or the 
pope rather than ,god4 ,but when a      
precept  that has been changed is the   
subject of action1 then whoever observes
  that precept as originally given by   
,god is thereby distinguished as a      

worshiper of ,god2 and he who keeps it  
as changed1 is thereby marked as a      
follower of the power that made the     
change4 ,in no other way can the two    
classes of worshipers be distinguished4 
,from this conclusion1 no candid  mind  
can dissent2 but in this conclusion we  
have a general answer to the  question  
before us1 ,what constitutes the mark of
 the beast8 ,,the ,,mark  ,,of ,,the    
,,beast is ,,the ,,change ,,he ,,has    
,,made ,,in ,,the ,,law ,,of ,,god4     
,we now inquire what that change is4 ,by
 the law of ,god1 we mean the moral     
law1 the only law in the universe of    
immutable and perpetual obligation1  the
 law of which ,webster says1 defining   
the terms according to the sense  in    
which they are almost universally used  
in ,christendom1 ,the moral law  is     
summarily contained in the decalogue1   
written by the finger of ,god on  two   
tables of stone1 and delivered to ,moses
 on ,mount ,sinai4    ,if1 now1 the     
reader will compare the ten commandments

 as found in ,roman  ,catholic          
catechisms with those commandments as   
found in the ,bible1 he  will see in the
 catechisms that the second commandment 
is left out1 that  the tenth is divided 
into two commandments to make up the    
lack of  leaving out the second1 and    
keep good the number ten1 and that the  
fourth commandment 7called the third in 
their enumeration7 is made to  enjoin   
the observance of ,sunday as the        
,sabbath1 and prescribe that the  day   
shall be spent in hearing mass devoutly1
 attending vespers1 and  reading moral  
and pious books4 ,here are several      
variations from the  decalogue as found 
in the ,bible4 ,which of them           
constitutes the change of  the law      
intended in the prophecy8 or1 are they  
all included in that  change8 ,let it be
 borne in mind that1 according to the   
prophecy1 he was  to think to change    
times and laws4 ,this plainly conveys   
the idea of  intention and design1 and  
makes these qualities essential to the  

change in question4 ,but respecting the 
omission of the second  commandment1    
,catholics argue that it is included in 
the first1 and1  hence1 should not be   
numbered as a separate commandment4     
,and1 on the  tenth1 they claim that    
there is so plain a distinction of ideas
 as to  require two commandments4 ,so   
they make the coveting of a neighbor's  
wife  the ninth commandment1 and the    
coveting of his goods the tenth4    ,in 
all this they claim that they are giving
 the commandments exactly as  ,god      
intended to have them understood4 ,so1  
while we may regard them as  errors in  
their interpretation of the             
commandments1 we cannot set them  down  
as intentional changes4 ,not so1        
however1 with the fourth  commandment4  
,respecting this commandment1 they do   
not claim that their  version is like   
that given by ,god4 ,they expressly     
claim a change here1  and also that the 
change has been made by the church4 ,a  
few quotations  from standard ,catholic 

works will make this matter plain4 ,in a
 work  entitled1 ,treatise of ,thirty   
,controversies1 we find these words3--  
,the word of ,god commandeth the seventh
 day to be the ,sabbath of       our    
,lord1 and to be kept holy2 you         
,protestants1 without any       precept 
of ,scripture1 change it to the first   
day of the week1 only       authorized  
by our traditions4 ,divers ,english     
,puritans oppose1       against this    
point1 that the observation of the first
 day is       proved out of ,scripture1 
where it is said1 the first day of the  
week4 ,acts #bj3g2 ,i ,cor4 #af3b2 ,rev4
 #a3aj4 ,have they not spun a       fair
 thread in quoting these places8 ,if we 
should produce no better       for      
purgatory1 and prayers for the dead1    
invocation of the saints1       and the 
like1 they might have good cause1       
indeed1 to laugh us to       scorn2 for 
where is it written that these were     
,sabbath days in       which those      
meetings were kept8 ,or where is it     

ordained they should       be always    
observed8 ,or1 which is the sum of all1 
where is it       decreed that the      
observation of the first day should     
abrogate or       abolish the           
sanctifying of the seventh day1 which   
,god commanded       everlastingly to be
 kept holy8 ,not one of those is        
expressed in       the written word of  
,god4    ,in the ,catholic ,catechism of
 ,christian ,religion1 on the subject of
 the  third 7fourth7 commandment1 we    
find these questions and answers3--     
,ques4 ,what does ,god ordain by this   
commandment8         ,ans4 ,he ordains  
that we sanctify1 in a special manner1  
this day       on which he rested from  
the labor of creation4         ,q4 ,what
 is this day of rest8         ,a4 ,the  
seventh day of the week1 or ,saturday2  
for he employed six       days in       
creation1 and rested on the seventh4    
,gen4 #b3b2 ,heb4 #d3a1       c4        
,q4 ,is it then ,saturday we should     
sanctify in order to obey the           

ordinance of ,god8         ,a4 ,during  
the old law1 ,saturday was the day      
sanctified2 but the       church1       
instructed by ,jesus ,christ1 and       
directed by the ,spirit of       ,god1  
has substituted ,sunday for ,saturday2  
so now we sanctify the       first1 not 
the seventh1 day4 ,sunday means1 and now
 is1 the day of       the ,lord4    ,in 
,abridgment of ,christian ,doctrine1 we 
find this testimony3--         ,ques4   
,how prove you that the church hath     
power to command feasts       and holy  
days8         ,ans4 ,by the very act of 
changing the ,sabbath into ,sunday1     
which       ,protestants allow of2 and  
therefore they fondly contradict        
themselves by keeping ,sunday strictly1 
and breaking most other       feasts    
commanded by the same church4           
,q4 ,how prove you that8         ,a4    
,because by keeping ,sunday they        
acknowledge the church's power       to 
ordain feasts1 and to command them under
 sin4    ,in the ,catholic ,christian   

,instructed1 again we read3--           
,ques4 ,what warrant have you for       
keeping the ,sunday1 preferable       to
 the ancient ,sabbath1 which was the    
,saturday8         ,ans4 ,we have for it
 the authority of the ,catholic church  
and       apostolic tradition4          
,q4 ,does the ,scripture anywhere       
command the ,sunday to be kept for      
the ,sabbath8         ,a4 ,the          
,scripture commands us to hear the      
church 7,matt4 #ah3ag2       ,luke      
#aj3af71 and to hold fast the traditions
 of the apostles4 #b       ,thess4      
#b3ae4 ,but the ,scriptures do not in   
particular mention this       change of 
the ,sabbath4    ,in the ,doctrinal     
,catechism1 we find further  testimony  
to the same point3--         ,ques4     
,have you any other way of proving that 
the church has       power to institute 
festivals of precept8         ,ans4 ,had
 she not such power1 she could not have 
done that in       which all modern     
religionists agree with her--she could  

not have       substituted the          
observance of ,sunday1 the first day of 
the week1       for the observance of   
,saturday1 the seventh day1 a change for
 which       there is no scriptural     
authority4    ,and finally1 ,w4         
,lockhart1 late ,b4,a4 of ,oxford1 in   
the ,toronto 7,cath47  ,mirror1 offered 
the following challenge to all the      
,protestants of  ,ireland2 a challenge  
as well calculated for this latitude as 
that4 ,he  says3--         ,i do1       
therefore1 solemnly challenge the       
,protestants of ,ireland to       prove1
 by plain texts of ,scripture1 the      
questions concerning the                
obligation of the ,christian ,sabbath4  
#a4 ,that ,christians may work on       
,saturday1 the old seventh day4 #b4     
,that they are bound to keep holy       
the first day1 namely1 ,sunday4 #c4     
,that they are not bound to keep        
holy the seventh day also4    ,this is  
what the papal power claims to have done
 respecting the fourth  commandment4    

,catholics plainly acknowledge that     
there is no scriptural  authority for   
the change they have made1 but that it  
rests wholly upon  the authority of the 
church2 and they claim it has a token or
 mark of  the authority of that church2 
the very act of changing the ,sabbath   
into ,sunday being set forth as proof of
 its power in this respect4 ,for        
further testimony on this point1 the    
reader is referred to a tract  published
 at the ,review ,office1 ,battle ,creek1
 ,mich41 entitled1 ,who  ,changed the   
,sabbath8 in which are also extracts    
from ,catholic writers1  refuting the   
arguments usually relied upon to prove  
the ,sunday ,sabbath1  and showing that 
its only authority is the ,catholic     
church4    ,but1 says one1 ,i supposed  
that ,christ changed the ,sabbath4 ,a   
great  many suppose so2 and it is       
natural that they should2 for they have 
been  so taught4 ,and while we have no  
words of denunciation to utter against  
any such for so believing1 we would have

 them at once understand that it  is1 in
 reality1 one of the most enormous of   
all errors4 ,we would  therefore remind 
such persons that1 according to the     
prophecy1 the only  change ever to be   
made in the law of ,god1 was to be made 
by the little  horn of ,dan4 #g1 and the
 man of sin of #b ,thess4 #b2 and the   
only change  that has been made in it1  
is the change of the ,sabbath4 ,now1 if 
,christ  made this change1 he filled the
 office of the blasphemous power spoken 
of by both ,daniel and ,paul--a         
conclusion sufficiently hideous to drive
  any ,christian from the view which    
leads thereto4    ,but why should any   
one labor to prove that ,christ changed 
the ,sabbath8  ,whoever does this is    
performing a thankless task4 ,the pope  
will not  thank him2 for if it is proved
 that ,christ wrought this change1 then 
the  pope is robbed of his badge of     
authority and power4 ,and no truly      
enlightened ,protestant will thank him2 
for if he succeeds1 he only shows  that 

the papacy has not done the work which  
it was predicted that it  should do1 and
 so that the prophecy has failed1 and   
the ,scriptures are  unreliable4 ,the   
matter had better stand as the propheqy 
has placed it1  and the claim which the 
pope unwittingly puts forth1 had better 
be  granted4 ,when a person is charged  
with any work1 and that person steps    
forth and confesses that he has done the
 work1 that is usually  considered      
sufficient to settle the matter4 ,so1   
when the prophecy  affirms that a       
certain power shall change the law of   
,god1 and that very  power in due time  
arises1 does the work foretold1 and then
 openly claims  that he has done it1    
what need have we of further evidence8  
,the world  should not forget that the  
great apostasy foretold by ,paul has    
taken  place2 that the man of sin for   
long ages held almost a monopoly of     
,christian teaching in the world2 that  
the mystery of iniquity has cast  the   
darkness of its shadow and the errors of

 its doctrines over almost  all         
,christendom2 and out of this era of    
error and darkness and  corruption1 the 
theology of our day has come4 ,would it 
then be anything  strange if there were 
yet some relics of popery to be         
discarded ere the  reformation will be  
complete8 ,a4 ,campbell 7,baptism1 p4   
#ae71 speaking of  the different        
,prostestant sects1 says3--         ,all
 of them retain in their bosom1 in their
 ecclesiastic       organizations1      
worship1 doctrines1 and observances1    
various relics       of popery4 ,they   
are at best a reformation of popery1 and
 only       reformations in part4 ,the  
doctrines and traditions of men yet     
impair the power and progress of the    
gospel in their hands4    ,the nature of
 the change which the little horn has   
attempted to effect  in the law of ,god 
is worthy of notice4 ,with true ,satanic
 instinct1 he  undertakes to change that
 commandment which1 of all others1 is   
the  fundamental commandment of the law1

 the one which makes known who the      
,law-giver is1 and contains his         
signature of royalty4 ,the fourth       
commandment does this2 no other one     
does4 ,four others1 it is true1  contain
 the word ,god1 and three of them the   
word ,lord1 also4 ,but who is  this     
,lord ,god of whom they speak8 ,without 
the fourth commandment it is  impossible
 to tell2 for idolaters of every grade  
apply these terms to  the multitudinous 
objects of their adoration4 ,with the   
fourth  commandment to point out the    
,author of the decalogue1 the claims of 
every false god are annulled at one     
stroke2 for the ,god who here demands   
our worship is not any created being1   
but the ,one who created them all4  ,the
 maker of the earth and sea1 the sun and
 moon1 and all the starry  host1 the    
upholder and governor of the universe1  
is the ,one who claims1  and who1 from  
his position1 has a right to claim1 our 
supreme regard in  preference to every  
other object4 ,the commandment which    

makes known  these facts is therefore   
the very one we might suppose that power
 would  undertake to change1 which      
designed to exalt itself above ,god4    
,god gave  the ,sabbath as a memorial of
 himself1 a weekly reminder to the sons 
of  men1 of his work in creating the    
heavens and the earth1 a great barrier  
against atheism and idolatry4 ,it is the
 signature and seal of the law4  ,this  
the papacy has torn from its place1 and 
erected in its stead1 on  its own       
authority1 an institution designed to   
serve another purpose4    ,this change  
of the fourth commandment must therefore
 be the change to  which the prophecy   
points2 and ,sunday-keeping must be the 
mark of the  beast6 ,some who have long 
been taught to regard this institution  
with  reverence will perhaps start back 
with little less than feelings of       
horror at this conclusion4 ,we have not 
space1 nor is this perhaps the  place1  
to enter into an extended argument on   
the ,sabbath question1 and  an          

exposition of the origin and nature of  
the observance of the first  day of the 
week4 ,let us submit this one           
proposition3 ,if the seventh day  is    
still the ,sabbath enjoined in the      
fourth commandment2 if the  observance  
of the first day of the week has no     
foundation whatever in  the ,scriptures2
 if this observance has been brought in 
as a ,christian  institution and        
designedly put in place of the ,sabbath 
of the decalogue1  by that power which  
is symbolized by the beast1 and placed  
there as a  badge and token of its power
 to legislate for the church1 is it not 
inevitably the mark of the beast8 ,the  
answer must be in the affirmative4  ,but
 all these hypotheses can easily be     
shown to be certainties1 ,see  ,history 
of the ,sabbath1 and other works on the 
subject1 published at  the ,review      
,office4 ,to these we can only refer the
 reader1 in passing4    ,it will be said
 again1 then all ,sunday-keepers have   
the mark of the  beast2 then all the    

good of past ages who kept this day had 
the mark of  the beast2 then ,luther1   
,whitefield1 the ,wesleys1 and all who  
have done a  good and noble work of     
reformation1 had the mark of the beast2 
then all  the blessings that have been  
poured upon the reformed churches have  
been  poured upon those who had the mark
 of the beast4 ,we answer1 ,no6 ,and we 
are sorry to say that some professedly  
religious teachers1 though many  times  
corrected1 persist in misrepresenting us
 on this point4 ,we have  never so held2
 we have never so taught4 ,our premises 
lead to no such  conclusions4 ,give ear3
 ,the mark and worship of the beast are 
enforced by  the two-horned beast4 ,the 
receiving of the mark of the beast is a 
specific act which the two-horned beast 
is to cause to be done4 ,the  third     
message of ,rev4 #ad1 is a warning      
mercifully sent out in advance to       
prepare the people for the coming       
danger4 ,there can therefore be no      
worship of the beast1 nor reception of  

his mark1 such as is contemplated  in   
the prophecy1 till it is enforced by the
 two-horned beast4 ,we have  seen that  
intention was essential to the change   
which the papacy has  made in the law of
 ,god1 to constitute it the mark of that
 power4 ,so  intention is necessary in  
the adoption of that change to make it  
on  the part of any individual the      
reception of that mark4 ,in other words1
 a  person must adopt the change1       
knowing it to be the work of the beast1 
and receive it on the authority of that 
power1 in opposition to the  requirement
 of ,god4    ,but how with those        
referred to above who have kept ,sunday 
in the past1  and the majority of those 
who are keeping it to-day8 ,do they keep
 it as  an institution of the papacy8   
,no4 ,have they decided between this and
 the  ,sabbath of the ,lord1            
understanding the claims of each8 ,no4  
,on what  ground have they kept it1 and 
do they keep it8 ,they suppose they are 
keeping a commandment of ,god4 ,have    

such the mark of the beast8 ,by no      
means4 ,their course is attributable to 
an error unwittingly received  from the 
church of ,rome1 not to an act of       
worship rendered to it4    ,but how is  
it to be8 ,the church which is to be    
prepared for the second  coming of      
,christ must be entirely free from papal
 errors and  corruptions4 ,a reform must
 hence be made on the ,sabbath question4
 ,the  third angel proclaims the        
commandments of ,god1 leading men to the
 true  in the place of the counterfeit4 
,the dragon is stirred1 and so controls 
the wicked governments of the earth that
 all authority of human power  shall be 
exerted to enforce the claims of the man
 of sin4 ,then the issue  is fairly     
before the people4 ,on one hand1 they   
are required to keep the  true ,sabbath2
 on the other1 a counterfeit4 ,for      
refusing to keep the  true1 the message 
denounces the unmingled wrath of ,god2  
for refusing the  false1 earthly        
governments threaten them with          

persecution and death4  ,with this issue
 before the people1 what does he do who 
yields to the  human requirement8 ,he   
virtually says to ,god1 ,i know your    
claims1 but ,i  will not yield to them4 
,i know that the power ,i am required to
 worship  is anti-,christian2 but ,i    
yield to save my life4 ,i renounce your 
allegiance1 and bow to the usurper4 ,the
 beast is henceforth the object  of my  
adoration2 under his banner1 in         
opposition to your authority1 ,i        
henceforth array myself2 to him1 in     
defiance of your claims1 ,i  henceforth 
yield the obedience of my heart and     
life4 ,such is the spirit  which will   
actuate the hearts of the               
beast-worshipers2 a spirit which        
insults the ,god of the universe to his 
face1 and is prevented only by  lack of 
power from overthrowing his government  
and annihilating his  throne4 ,is it any
 wonder that ,jehovah denounces against 
so ,heaven-daring  a course the most    
terrible threatening that his word      

contains8          ,chapter ,eleven4    
,the ,beginning ,of ,the ,end4      ,we 
have now found what1 according to the   
prophecy1 is to constitute the  image   
which the two-horned beast is to cause  
to be made1 and the mark  which it will 
attempt to enforce4 ,the movement which 
is to fulfill this  portion of the      
prophecy1 is to be looked for in the    
popular churches of  our land4 ,first1 a
 union must be effected between these   
churches1 with  some degree of coalition
 also between these bodies and the beast
 power1  or ,roman ,catholicism2 and1   
secondly1 steps must be taken to bring  
the  law of the land to the support of  
the ,sunday ,sabbath4 ,these movements  
the prophecy calls for4 ,and the line of
 argument leading to these  conclusions 
is so direct and well-defined that there
 is no avoiding  them4 ,they are a clear
 and logical sequence from the premises 
given us4    ,when first the application
 of ,rev4 #ac3aa-ag to the ,united      
,states was  made1 over twenty years    

ago1 these positions respecting a union 
of the  churches and a grand ,sunday    
movement were taken4 ,but at that time1 
no  sign appeared above or beneath1 at  
home or abroad1 no token was seen1 no   
indication existed1 that such an issue  
would ever be made4 ,but there  was the 
prophecy1 and that must stand4 ,the     
,united ,states government had  given   
abundant evidence1 by its location1 the 
time of its rise1 the  manner of its    
rise1 and its apparent character1 that  
it was the power  symbolized by the     
two-horned beast4 ,there could be no    
mistake in the  conclusion that it was  
the very nation intended by that symbol4
 ,this  being so1 it must take the      
course1 and perform the acts1 foretold4 
,but  here were predictions which could 
be fulfilled by nothing less than the   
movement above named respecting ,church 
and ,state1 and the enforcement of  the 
papal ,sabbath as the mark of the beast4
    ,to take the position at that time  
that this government was to pursue  such

 a policy and engage in such a work1    
without any apparent  probability in its
 favor1 was no small act of faith4 ,on  
the other hand1  to deny or ignore it1  
while admitting the application of the  
symbol to  this government1 would be in 
accordance with neither ,scripture nor  
logic4 ,the only course for the humble1 
confiding student of prophecy to  pursue
 in such cases1 is to take the light as 
it is given1 and believe  the prophecy  
in all its parts4 ,so the stand was     
boldly taken2 and open  proclamation has
 been made from that day to this1 that  
such a work would  be seen in these     
,united ,states4 ,with every review of  
the argument1 new  features of strength 
have been discovered in the application2
 and amid a  storm of scornful          
incredulity1 we have watched the        
progress of events1  and waited the     
hour1 of fulfillment4    ,meanwhile1    
spiritualism has astonished the world   
with its terrible  progress1 and shown  
itself to be the wonder-working element 

which was to  exist in connection with  
this power4 ,this has mightily          
strengthened the  force of the          
application4 ,and now1 within a few     
years past1 what have we  further seen8 
,no less than the commencement of that  
very movement  respecting the formation 
of the image and the enactment of       
,sunday laws1  which we have so long    
expected1 and which is to complete the  
prophecy1  and close the scene4         
,reference was made in chapter nine to  
the movement now on foot for a  grand   
union of all the churches2 not a union  
which arises from the  putting away of  
error and uniting upon the harmonious   
principles of  truth1 but simply a      
combination of sects1 each retaining its
 own  particular creed1 but confederated
 for the purpose of carrying out more   
extensively the common points of our    
faith4 ,this movement finds a strong    
undercurrent of favor in all the        
churches4 ,and men are engaged to carry 
it through who are not easily turned    

from their purpose4    ,and there has   
suddenly arisen a class of men whose    
souls are absorbed  with the cognate    
idea of ,sunday reform1 and who have    
dedicated every  energy of their being  
to the carrying forward of this kindred 
movement4  ,the ,new ,york ,sabbath     
,committee have labored zealously by    
means of  books1 tracts1 speeches1 and  
sermons1 to create a strong public      
sentiment in behalf of ,sunday4 ,making 
slow progress through moral  suasion1   
they seek a shorter path to the         
accomplishment of their  purposes       
through political power4 ,and why not8  
,christianity has become  popular1 and  
her professed adherents are numerous4   
,why not avail  themselves of the power 
of the ballot to secure their ends8     
,rev4 ,j4,s4  ,smart 7,methodist71 in a 
published sermon on the ,political      
,duties of  ,christian ,men and         
,ministers1 expresses a                 
largely-prevailing sentiment  on this   
question1 when he says3--         ,i    

claim that we have1 and ought to have1  
just as much concern in       the       
government of this couniry as any other 
men4444 ,we are the mass       of the   
people4 ,virtue in this country is not  
weak2 her ranks are       strong in     
numbers1 and invincible from the        
righteousness of her                    
cause--invincible if united4 ,let not   
her ranks be broken by party            
names4    ,a ,national ,association has 
been in existence for a number of years1
  which has for its object the securing 
of such amendments to the ,national     
,constitution as shall express the      
religious views of the majority of the  
people1 and make it an instrument under 
which the keeping of ,sunday can  be    
enforced as the ,christian ,sabbath4    
,this ,association already embraces     
within its organization a long array of 
eminent and honorable names3  ,governors
 of our ,states1 ,presidents of our     
colleges1 ,bishops1 ,doctors of         
,divinity1 ,doctors of ,law1 and men who

 occupy high positions in all the  walks
 of life4    ,in the ,address issued by 
the officers of this ,association1 they 
say3--         ,men of high standing1 in
 every walk of life1 of every section of
       the country1 and of every shade  
of political sentiment and              
religious belief1 have concurred in the 
measure4    ,in their appeal1 they most 
earnestly request every lover of his    
country  to join in forming auxiliary   
associations1 circulate documents1      
attend  conventions1 sign the memorial  
to ,congress1 c41 c4    ,in their plea  
for an amended ,constitution1 they ask  
the people to         ,consider that    
,god is not once named in our ,national 
,constitution4       ,there is nothing  
in it which requires an 'oath of ,god1' 
as the       ,bible styles it 7which1   
after all1 is the great bond both of    
loyalty in the citizen and of fidel in  
the magistrate72 nothing       which    
requires the ob of the day of rest and  
of worship1 or which       re its       

sanctity4 ,if we do not have the mails  
carried and the       post-offices open 
on ,sunday1 it is because we have a     
,postmaster-,general who respects the   
day4 ,if our ,supreme ,courts are       
not held1 and if ,congress does not sit 
on that day1 it is custom1       and not
 law1 that makes it so4 ,nothing in the 
,constitution gives       ,sunday quiet 
to the custom house1 the navy yard1 the 
barracks1 or       any of the           
departments of government4              
,consider that they fairly express the  
mind of the great body of       the     
,american people4 ,this is a ,christian 
people4 ,these amendments       agree   
with the faith1 the feelings1 and the   
forms of every       ,christian church  
or sect4 ,the ,catholic and the         
,protestant1 the       ,unitarian and   
the ,trinitarian1 profess and approve   
all that is here       proposed4 ,why   
should their wishes not become law8 ,why
 should not       the ,constitution be  
made to suhf and to represent a         

constituency so       overwhelmingly in 
the majority8444         ,this great    
majority is becoming daily more         
conscious not only of       their       
rights1 but of their power4 ,their      
number grows1 and their       column    
becomes more solid4 ,they have quietly1 
steadily opposed       infidelity1 until
 it has1 at least1 become politically   
unpopular4       ,they have asserted the
 rights of man and the rights of the    
government1 until the nation's faith has
 become measurably fixed       and      
declared on these points4 ,and now that 
the close of the war       gives us     
occasion to amend our ,constitution1    
that it may clearly       and fully     
represent the mind of the people on     
these points1 they       feel that it   
should also be so amended as to         
recognize the rights       of ,god in   
man and in government4 ,is it anything  
but due to their       long patience    
that they be at length allowed to speak 
out the great       facts and principles

 which give to all government its       
dignity1       stability1 and           
beneficence8    ,thus for several years 
a movement has been on foot1 daily      
growing in  extent1 and importance1 and 
power1 to fulfill that portion of the   
prophecy of ,rev4 #ac3aa-ag1 which first
 calls forth the dissent of the         
objector1 and which appears from every  
point of view the most improbable  of   
all the specifications2 namely1 the     
erection of the image and the  enforcing
 of the mark4 ,beyond this1 nothing     
remains but the sharp  conflict of the  
people of ,god with this earthly power1 
and the eternal  triumph of the         
overcomer4    ,an ,association1 even now
 national in its character1 as already  
noticed1  and endeavoring1 as is        
appropriate for those who have such     
objects in  view1 to secure their       
purposes under the sanction of the      
highest  authority of the land1 the     
,national ,constitution1 already has    
this  matter in hand4 ,in the interest  

of this ,association there is published1
  in ,philadelphia1 a semi-monthly paper
 called the ,christian ,statesman1  in  
advocacy of this movement4 ,every issue 
of that paper goes forth  filled with   
arguments and appeals from some of the  
ablest pens in our  land1 in favor of   
the desired ,constitutional amendment4  
,these are the  very methods1 by which1 
in a country like ours1 great           
revolutions are  brought about2 and no  
movement has ever arisen so suddenly as 
this to so  high a position in public   
esteem with certain classes1 and taken  
so  strong a hold upon their hearts4    
,says ,mr4 ,g4,a4 ,townsend 7,new ,world
 and ,old1 p4 #bab73--         ,church  
and ,state has several times crept into 
,american politics1       as in the     
contentions over the ,bible in the      
public schools1 the                     
,anti-,catholic party of #ahdd1 c4 ,our 
people have been wise enough            
heretofore to respect the clergy in all 
religious questions1 and to             

entertain a wholesome jealousy of them  
in politics4 ,the latest                
politico-theological movement italics   
ours is to insert the       name of the 
,deity in the ,constitution4    ,the    
present movements of this ,national     
,association and the progress it  has   
made luay be gathered somewhat from the 
report of the proceedings of  the       
,convention held in ,cincinnati1 ,jan4  
#ca1 #ahgb4    ,from the ,report of the 
,executive ,committee it appeared that  
ten thousand  copies of the proceedings 
of the ,philadelphia ,convention have   
been  gratuitously distributed2 that a  
,general ,secretary 7,rev4 ,d4          
,mc,allister7  has been appointed1 with 
a salary of #b1ejj2 and that a long and 
elaborate paper by ,prof4 ,taylor       
,lewis1 of ,union ,college1 in advocacy 
of  the ideas and objects of the        
,association1 will soon be published2   
that  the number of the ,executive      
,committee is recommended to be         
increased to  twenty-five1 besides      

including all presidents of auxiliary   
associations2  that #b1agg have been    
raised the past year by the             
,association1 and that  a balance of    
over #ij remains in the treasury4       
,nearly #a1hjj were raised  at this     
,convention4    ,the ,business          
,committee recommended that the         
delegates to this ,convention  hold     
meetings in their respective localities 
to ratify the resolutions  adopted at   
,cincinnati2 that twenty thousand copies
 of the proceedings of  this ,convention
 be published in tract form2 and that   
the friends of the  ,association be     
urged to form auxiliary associations4   
,all these  recommendations were        
adopted4    ,the resolutions passed were
 as follows3--      ,resolved1 ,that it 
is the right and duty of the ,united    
,states1 as a  nation settled by        
,christians1 a nation with ,christian   
laws and usages1  and with ,christianity
 as its greatest social force1 to       
acknowledge  itself in its written      

,constitution1 to be a ,christian       
nation4    ,resolved1 ,that1 as the     
disregard of sound theory always leads  
to  mischievous practical results1 so in
 this case the failure of our nation  to
 acknowledge1 in its organic laws1 its  
relation to ,god and his moral  laws1 as
 a ,christian nation1 has fostered the  
theory that government has  nothing to  
do with religion but to let it alone1   
and that consequently  ,state laws in   
favor of the ,sabbath1 ,christian       
marriage1 and the use of  the ,bible in 
the schools1 are unconstitutional4      
,resolved1 ,that we recognize the       
necessity of complete harmony between   
our written constitution and the actual 
facts of our national life2 and  we     
maintain that tho true way to eflect    
this undoubted harmony is not to  expel 
the ,bible and all idea of ,god and     
religion from our schools1  abrogate    
laws enforcing ,christian morality1 and 
abolish all devout  observances in      
connection with government1 but to      

insert an explicit  acknowledgment of   
,god and the ,bible in our fundamental  
law4    ,resolved1 ,that the proposed   
religious amendment1 so far from tending
  to a union of ,church and ,state1 is  
directly opposed to such union1         
inasmuch as it recognizes the nation's  
own relations to ,god1 and insists  that
 the nation should acknowledge these    
relations for itself1 and not  through  
the medium of any church establishment4 
,mr4 ,f4,e4 ,abbott1 editor of the      
,index1 ,toledo1 ,o41 who was present at
  the foregoing ,convention1 and        
presented a protest against its aims and
  efforts1 says of those who stand at   
the head of the movement3--         ,we 
found them to be so thoroughly sincere  
and earnest in their       purpose that 
they did not fear the effect of a       
decided but       temperate protest4    
,this fact speaks volumes in their      
praise1 as men       of character and   
convictions4 ,we saw no indication of   
the artful       management which       

characterizes most conventions4 ,the    
leading       men--,rev4 ,d4            
,mc,allister1 ,rev4 ,a4,m4 ,milligan1   
,prof4 ,sloane1 ,prof4       ,stoddard1 
,prof4 ,wright1 ,rev4 ,t4,p4            
,stephenson--impressed us as able1      
clear-headed1 and thoroughly honest men2
 and we could not but       conceive a  
great respect for their motives and     
their intentions4 ,it       is such     
qualities as these in the leaders of the
 movement that give       it its most   
formidable character4 ,they have        
definite and consistent       ideas2    
they perceive the logical connection of 
these ideas1 and       advocate them in 
a very cogent and powerful manner2 and  
they       propose to push them with    
determination and zeal4 ,concede their  
premises1 and it is impossible to deny  
their conclusions2 and since       these
 premises are axiomatic truths with the 
great majority of       ,protestant     
,christians1 the effect of the vigorous 
campaign on which       they are        

entering cannot be small or despicable4 
,the very respect       with which we   
were compelled to regard them only      
increases our       sense of the evils  
which lie germinant in their doctrines2 
and we       came home with the         
conviction that religious liberty in    
,america       must do battle for its   
very existence hereafter4 ,the movement 
in       which these men are engaged has
 too many elements of strength to be    
contemned by any far-seeing liberal4    
,blindness or sluggishness       to-day 
means slavery to-morrow4 ,radicalism    
must pass now from       thought to     
action1 or it will deserve the          
oppression that lies in       wait to   
overwhelm it4    ,as to the probability 
of the success of this movement1 there  
is at  present some difference of       
opinion4 ,while a very few pass it by   
with a  slur as a mere temporary        
sensation of little or no consequence1  
it is  generally regarded as a work of  
growing strength and importance1 both by

  its advocates and opposers4 ,petitions
 and remonstrances are both being       
circulated with activity1 and shrewd    
observers1 who have watched the         
movement with a jealous eye1 and        
heretofore hoped it would amount to     
nothing1 now confess that it means      
business4 ,no movement of equal         
magnitude of purpose has ever sprung up 
and become strong1 and secured  favor so
 rapidly as this4 ,indeed1 none of equal
 magnitude has ever been  sprung upon   
the ,american mind1 as this aims to     
remodel the whole  framework of our     
government1 and give to it a strong     
religious cast--a  thing which the      
framers of our ,constitution were       
careful to exclude from  it4 ,they not  
only ask that the ,bible1 and ,god1 and 
,christ1 shall be  recognized in the    
,constitution1 but that it shall        
indicate this as a  ,christian nation1  
and place all ,christian laws1          
institutions1 and  usages1 in our       
government on an undeniable legal basis 

in the  fundamental law of the nation4  
,of course1 appropriate legislation will
 be required to carry such  amendments  
into effect1 and somebody will have to  
decide what are  ,christian laws and    
institutions4 ,from what we know of such
 movements  in the past in other        
countries1 and of the temper of the     
churches of  this1 and of human nature  
when it has power suddenly conferred    
upon it1  we look for no good from this 
movement4 ,from a lengthy article in the
  ,lansing ,state ,republican in        
reference to the ,cincinnati            
,convention1 we  take the following     
extract3--         ,now there are       
hundreds and thousands of moral and     
professedly       ,christian people in  
this nation to-day who do not recognize 
the       doctrine of the ,trinity1 do  
not recognize ,jesus ,christ the same as
       ,god4 ,and there are hundreds and
 thousands of men and women who do      
not recognize the ,bible as the         
revelation of ,god4 ,the attempt to     

make any such amendment to the          
,constitution would be regarded by a    
large minority1 perhaps a majority1 of  
our nation as a palpable       violation
 of liberty of conscience4 ,thousands of
 men1 if called       upon to vote for  
such an amendment1 would hesitate to    
vote against       ,god1 although they  
may not believe that the amendment was  
necessary       or that it is right2 and
 such men would either vote             
affirmatively       or not at all4 ,in  
every case1 such an amendment would be  
likely to       receive an affirmative  
vote1 which would by no means indicate  
the       true sentiment of the people4 
,and the same rule would hold good in   
relation to the adoption of such an     
amendment by ,congress or by the        
,legislatures of three-quarters of the  
,states4 ,men who make politics       a 
trade would hesitate to record their    
names against the proposed              
,constitutional ,amendment1 advocated by
 the leaders of the great               

religious denominations of the land1 and
 indorsed by such men as       ,bishop  
,simpson1 ,bishop ,mc,ilvaine1 ,bishop  
,eastburn1 ,president       ,finney1    
,prof4 ,lewis1 ,prof4 ,seelye1 ,bishop  
,huntington1 ,bishop       ,kerfoot1    
,dr4 ,patterson1 ,dr4 ,cuyler1 and many 
other divines who are       the         
representative men of their respective  
denominations4    ,not only the         
representative men of the churches are  
pledged to this  movement1 but          
governors1 judges1 and many of the most 
eminent men of the  land are working for
 it4 ,who doubts the power of the       
representative men  of the denominations
 to rally the strength of their         
denominations to  sustain this work at  
their call8 ,we utter no prophecy of the
 future2 it  is not needed4 ,events     
transpire in these days faster than our 
minds are  prepared to grasp them4 ,let 
us heed the admonition to watch6 and1   
with  reliance upon ,god1 prepare for   
those things which are coming on the    

earth4    ,but it may be asked how the  
,sunday question is to be affected by   
the  proposed ,constitutional           
,amendment4 ,answer3 ,the object1 or1 to
 say the  least1 one object of this     
amendment is to put the ,sunday         
institution on  a legal basis1 and      
compel its observance by the arm of the 
law4 ,at the  ,national ,convention held
 in ,philadelphia1 ,jan4 #ah and #ai1   
#ahga1 the  following resolution was    
among the first offered by the ,business
  ,committee3--         ,resolved1      
,that1 in view of the controlling power 
of the       ,constitution in shaping   
,state1 as well as national1 policy1 it 
is       of immediate importance to     
public morals1 and to social order1 to  
secure such an amendment as will        
indicate that this is a ,christian      
nation1 and place all ,christian laws1  
institutions1 and usages in       our   
government on an undeniable legal basis 
in the fundamental law       of the     
nation1 specially those which secure a  

proper oath1 and       which protect    
society against blasphemy1              
,sabbath-breaking1 and       polygamy4  
,by ,sabbath-breaking is meant nothing  
else but ,sunday-breaking4 ,in a        
convention of the friends of ,sunday1   
assembled ,nov4 #bi1 #ahgj1 in ,new     
,concord1 ,ohio1 the ,rev4 ,james ,white
 is reported to have said3 ,the         
question of ,sunday observance is       
closely connected with the ,national    
,reform ,movement2 for until the        
government comes to know ,god and honor 
his law1 we need not expect to restrain 
,sabbath-breaking corporations4  ,here  
again the idea of the legal enforcement 
of ,sunday observance stands  uppermost4
    ,once more3 ,the ,philadelphia      
,press of ,dec4 #e1 #ahgj1 stated that  
some  ,congressmen1 including           
,vice-president ,colfax1 arrived in     
,washington by  ,sunday trains1 ,dec4   
#d1 on which the ,christian ,statesman  
commented as  follows 7we give italics  
as we find them73--         #a4 ,not one

 of those men ivho thus violated the    
,sabbath is fit to       hold any       
official position in a ,christian       
nation4 99 99         ,he who violates  
the ,sabbath may not steal because the  
judgment of       society so strongly   
condemns theft1 or because he believes  
that       honesty is the best policy2  
but tempt him with the prospect of      
concealment1 or the prospect of         
advantage1 and there can be no          
reason why he who robs ,god will not rob
 his neighbor also4 ,for this           
reason1 the ,sabbath law lies at the    
foundation of morality4 ,its            
observance is an acknowledgment of the  
sovereign rights of ,god over       us4 
#b4 ,the sin of these ,congressmen is a 
national sin1 because the       nation  
hath not said to them in the            
,constitution1 the supreme rule         
for our public servants1 ',we charge you
 to serve us in accordance       with   
the higher law of ,god4' ,these         
,sabbath-breaking railroads1            

moreover1 are corporations created by   
the ,state1 and amenable to       it4   
,the ,state is responsible to ,god for  
the conduct of these       creatures    
which it calls into being4 ,it is bound1
 therefore1 to       restrain them from 
this as from other crimes1 and any      
violation of       the ,sabbath1 by any 
corporation1 should work immediate      
forfeiture       of its charter4 ,and   
the ,constitution of the ,united        
,states1 with       which all ,state    
legislation is required to be in        
harmony1 should be       of such a      
character as to prevent any ,state from 
tolerating such       infractions of    
fundamental moral law4         #c4 ,give
 us in the ,national ,constitution the  
simple acknowledgment       of the law  
of ,god as the supreme law of nations1  
and all the       results indicated in  
this note will ultimately be secured4   
,let no       one say that the movement 
does not contemplate sufficiently       
practical ends4    ,from all this1 we   

see the important place the ,sabbath    
question is to  hold in this            
movement--the important place it even   
now holds in the  minds of those who are
 urging it forward4 ,let the amendment  
called for  be granted1 and all the     
results indicated in this note1 says the
  writer1 will ultimately be secured2   
that is1 individuals and  corporations  
will be restrained from violating the   
,sunday observance4  ,the acknowledgment
 of ,god in the ,constitution may do    
very well as a  banner under which to   
sail2 but the practical bearing of the  
movement  relates to the compulsory     
observance of the first day of the week4
    ,even now the question is agitated  
why the ,jew should be allowed to       
follow his business on the first day    
after having observed the seventh4  ,the
 same question is equally pertinent to  
all seventh-day keepers4 ,a  writer     
signing himself ,american1 in the       
,boston ,herald of ,dec4 #ad1  #ahga1   
said3--         ,the ,president in his  

late message in speaking of the ,mormon 
question1 says1 ',they shall not be     
permitted to break the law under        
the cloak of religion4' ,this1          
undoubtedly1 meets the approval of      
every ,american citizen1 and ,i wish to 
cite a parallel case1 and       ask3    
,why should the ,jews of this country be
 allowed to keep open       their stores
 on the ,sabbath under the cloak of     
their religion while       ,i1 or any   
other true ,american1 will be arrested  
and suffer       punishment if we do the
 same thing8 ,if there is a provision   
made       allowing a few to conduct    
business on the ,sabbath1 what justice  
and       equality can there be in any  
such provision1 and why should it not   
be stopped at once8    ,and this        
question1 we apprehend1 will be very    
summarily decided1 when  once the       
,consitutional ,amendment has been      
secured4    ,at a ,ministerial          
,association of the ,m4,e4 church held  
in ,healdsburg1  ,cal41 ,april #bf-bh1  

#ahgj1 ,rev4 ,mr4 ,trefren1 of ,napa1   
speaking of ,s4,d4,a4  ministers1 said1 
,i predict for them a short race4 ,what 
we want is law  in the matter4 ,then1   
referring to the present movement for a 
law1 he  added1 ,and we will have it1   
too2 and when we get the power into our 
hands1 we will show these men what their
 end will be4    ,from a work recently  
published by the ,presbyterian ,board of
 ,publication1  entitled ,the ,sabbath1 
by ,chas4 ,elliott1 ,professor of       
,biblical  ,literature and ,exegesis in 
the ,presbyterian ,theological ,seminary
 of the  ,north ,west1 ,chicago1 ,ill41 
we take this paragraph3--         ,but  
it may be asked1 ,would not the ,jew be 
denied equality of       rights by      
legislation protecting the ,christian   
,sabbath and ignoring       the ,jewish8
 ,the answer is1 ,we are not a ,jewish  
but a ,christian       nation2          
therefore1 our legislation must be      
conformed to the       institutions and 
spirit of ,christianity4 ,this is       

absolutely       necessary from the     
nature of the case4    ,there is no     
mistaking the import of this language3  
,no matter if the ,jew  does not secure 
equal rights with others4 ,we are not a 
,jewish nation1  but a ,christian2 and  
all must be made to conform to what the 
majority  decide to be ,christian       
institutions4 ,this affects all who     
observe the  seventh day as much as the 
,jews4 ,and we apprehend it will not be 
a  difficult matter to lead the masses1 
whose prejudices incline them in  this  
direction1 to believe that it is        
absolutely necessary that all           
legislation must take such a form1 and  
cause them to act accordingly4          
,several years since1 ,dr4 ,durbin of   
the ,christian ,advocate and ,journal2  
gave his views on this subject as       
follows3--         ,i infer1 therefore1 
that the civil magistrate may not be    
called       upon to enforce the        
observance of the ,sabbath ,sunday as   
required       in the spiritual kingdom 

of ,christ2 but when ,christianity      
becomes       the moral and spiritual   
life of the ,state1 the ,state is bound 
through her magistrates to prevent the  
open violation of the holy              
,sabbath1 as a measure of               
self-preservation4 ,she cannot1 without 
injuring her own vitality and incurring 
the divine displeasure1 be              
recreant to her duty in this matter4    
,at a meeting held at ,saratoga         
,springs1 ,aug4 #ab1 #ahfj1 ex-president
  ,fillmore said that while he deemed it
 needful to legislate cautiously  in all
 matters connected with public morals1  
and to avoid coercive  measures         
affecting religion1 the right of every  
citizen to a day of rest  and worship   
could not be questioned1 and laws       
securing that right should  be enforced4
    ,and the ,christian ,statesman of   
,dec4 #ae1 #ahga1 speaking of the       
general  disregard of the ,sabbath      
,sunday in the arrangements for         
welcoming the  ,grand ,duke ,alexis1    

says3--         ,how long will it be    
before the ,christian masses of this    
country       can be roused to enact a  
law compelling their public servants to 
respect the ,sabbath8    ,a very marked 
and rapid change is taking place in     
public opinion  relative to the proposed
 religious amendment of the             
,constitution4 ,we  have learned of     
instances of men who were at first      
openly hostile to the  movement1 now    
giving their influence for its          
advancement1 and clamoring  loudly for a
 ,sunday law4 ,and some who at first    
regarded it with  indifference1 are now 
becoming its warm partisans4 ,as a      
sample of this  change of feeling1 the  
following paragraph from the ,christian 
,press of  ,jan1 #ahgb1 may be          
presented4 ,the ,christian ,press is the
 organ of the  ,western ,book and ,tract
 ,society1 ,cincinnati1 ,ohio1 and its  
editor1  speaking of the ,national      
,association above referred to1 says3-- 
,when this ,association was formed1     

while we were prepared to bid it        
,god speed1 we did not then feel that   
there was any pressing need       for   
the object sought2 and as our mission   
was specially directed to       the     
,christianizing1 enlightening and       
elevating1 the masses of the            
people1 we have said little in our      
columns on the subject1 being           
assured that if the people are right1 it
 is easy to set the       government    
right4 ,the late combined efforts1      
however1 of various       classes of our
 citizens to exclude the ,bible from our
 schools1       repeal our ,sabbath     
laws1 and divorce our government        
entirely from       religion1 and thus  
make it an atheistic government--for    
every       government must be for ,god 
or against him1 and must be administered
       in the interests of religion and 
good morals1 or in the interests        
of irreligion and immorality--have      
changed our mind1 and we are now        
prepared to urge the necessity for an   

explicit acknowledgment in       the    
,national ,constitution of the authority
 of ,god and the supremacy       of his 
law1 as revealed in the ,scriptures of  
the ,old and ,new       ,testaments4    
,with the anti-,sunday movements of the 
present day1 considering their          
associations1 and the manner and object 
in and for which they are  carried      
forward1 we have no sympathy4 ,they aim 
at utter no-,sabbathism1  freedom from  
all moral restraint1 and all the evils  
of unbridled  intemperance--ends which  
we abhor with all the strength of a     
moral  nature quickened by the most     
intense religious convictions4 ,and     
while  the indignation of the batter    
portion of the community will be aroused
  at the want of religious principle and
 the immorality attending the  popular  
anti-,sunday movement1 a little lack of 
discrimination1 by no  means uncommon1  
will on account of our opposition to the
 day1 though we  oppose it on entirely  
different ground1 easily associate us   

with the  class above-mentioned1 and    
subject us to the same odium4           
,meanwhile1 some see the evils involved 
in this movement1 and raise the  voice  
of alarm4 ,the ,christian ,union1 ,jan41
 #ahga1 said3         ,the friends of   
the measure are not likely ever to agree
 among       themselves4 ,the           
,convention which met in ,philadelphia  
on the #ahth       inst4 to consider    
this subject1 refused to accept a       
phraseology       which simply          
recognizes the ,deity1 and insisted upon
 including in       the emendation the  
name of ,jesus ,christ as well4 ,a      
party1 in behalf       of the ,holy     
,spirit1 which is so conspicuously      
slighted1 will be the       next in     
order2 and then the way will be open for
 a proposition to       recognize the   
',vicegerent of ,christ on earth1' as   
the true source       of power among the
 nations6 ,if the proposed amendment is 
anything       more than a bit of       
sentimental cant1 it is to have a legal 

effect4 ,it is to alter the status of   
the non-,christian citizen       before 
the law4 ,it is to affect the legal     
oaths and instruments1       the        
matrimonial contracts1 the sumptuary    
laws1 c41 c41 of the       country4     
,this would be an outrage on natural    
right4    ,the ,janesville 7,wis47      
,gazette1 at the close of an article on 
the  proposed amendment1 speaks thus of 
the effect of the movement1 should it   
succeed3--         ,but independent of  
the question as to what extent we are a 
,christian nation1 it may well be       
doubted whether1 if the gentlemen       
who are agitating this question should  
succeed1 they would not do       society
 a very great injury4 ,such measures are
 but the initiatory       steps which   
ultimately lead to restrictions of      
religious freedom1       and to commit  
the government to measures which are as 
foreign to       its powers and purposes
 as would be its action if it should    
undertake to determine a disputed       

question of theology4    ,the ,weekly   
,alta ,californian of ,san ,francisco1  
,march #ab1 #ahgj1 said3--         ,the 
parties who have been recently holding a
 convention for the       somewhat novel
 purpose of procuring an amendment to   
the       ,constitution of the ,united  
,states recognizing the ,deity1 do not  
fairly state the case when they assert  
that it is the right of a               
,christian people to govern themselves  
in a ,christian manner4 ,if we       are
 not governing ourselves in a ,christian
 manner1 how shall the       doings of  
our government be designated8 ,the fact 
is1 that the       movement is one to   
bring about in this country that union  
of church       and ,state which all    
other nations are trying to dissolve4   
,the ,n4,y4 ,independent1 ,feb41 #ahgj1 
spoke of the movement as having the     
same chance of success that a union of  
church and ,state would have4    ,the   
,champlain ,journal1 speaking of the    
incorporating the religious  principle  

into the ,constitution1 and its effect  
upon the ,jews1 said3--         ,however
 slight1 it is the entering wedge       
between church and ,state4       ,if we 
may cut off ever so few persons from the
 right of citizenship       on account  
of difference of religious belief1 then 
with equal       justice and propriety  
may a majority at any time dictate the  
adoption of still further articles of   
belief1 until our       ,constitution is
 but the text book of a sect beneath    
whose       tyrannical sway all liberty 
of religious opinion will be            
crushed4    ,for a union of church and  
,state1 strictly so-called1 we do not   
look4 ,in  place of this1 we apprehend  
that what is called the image1 a        
creation  as strange as it is unique1   
comes in--not a ,state controlled by the
  church1 and the church in turn        
supported by the ,state1 but an         
ecclesiastical establishment empowered  
to enforce its own decrees by  civil    
penalties2 which1 in all its practical  

bearings1 amounts to  exactly the same  
thing4 ,the direct aim of the movement  
is undoubtedly a  union of church and   
,state2 a result which it will so nearly
 accomplish  as to secure1 by way of    
compromise1 the erection of the image4  
,some one may now say1 ,as you expect   
this movement to carry1 you must  look  
for a period of religious persecution in
 this country2 nay1 more1  you must take
 the position that all the saints of    
,god are to be put to  death2 for the   
image is to cause that all who will not 
worship it shall  be killed4    ,there  
would1 perhaps1 be some ground for such 
a conclusion1 were we not  elsewhere    
informed that in this dire conflict ,god
 does not abandon his  people to defeat1
 but grants them a complete victory over
 the beast1 his  image1 his mark1 and   
the number of his name4 ,rev4 #ae3b4 ,we
 further read  respecting this earthly  
power1 that he causeth all to receive a 
mark in  their right hand or their      
foreheads2 yet chapter #bj3d1 speaks of 

the  people of ,god as those who do not 
receive the mark or worship the image4  
,if1 then1 he could cause all to receive
 the mark1 and yet all not  actually    
receive it1 in like manner his causing  
all to be put to death  who will not    
worship the image does not necessarily  
signify that their  lives are actually  
to be taken4    ,but how can this be8   
,answer3 ,it evidently comes under that 
rule of  interpretation in accordance   
with which verbs of action sometimes    
signify merely the will and endeavor to 
do the action in question1 and  not the 
actual performance of the thing         
specified4 ,george ,bush1  ,professor of
 ,hebrew and ,oriental ,literature in   
,new ,york ,city ,university1  makes    
this matter plain4 ,in his notes on ,ex4
 #g3aa1 he says3--         ,it is a     
canon of interpretation of frequent use 
in the exposition       of the sacred   
writings that verbs of action sometimes 
signify       merely the will and       
endeavor to do the action in question4  

,thus       in ,eze4 #bd3ac3 ',i have   
purified thee1 and thou wast not        
purged2'       i4e41 ,i have endeavored1
 used means1 been at pains1 to purify   
thee4 ,john #e3dd3 ',how can ye believe 
which receive honor one of              
another2' i4e41 endeavor to receive4    
,rom4 #b3d3 ',the goodness of       ,god
 leadeth thee to repentance2' i4e41     
endeavors1 or tends1 to       lead thee4
 ,amos #i3c3 ',though they be hid from  
my sight in the       bottom of the     
sea2' i4e41 though they aim to be hid4  
#a ,cor4       #aj3cc3 ',i please all   
men2' i4e41 endeavor to please4 ,gal4   
#e3d3       ',whosoever of you are      
justified by the law2' i4e41 seek and   
endeavor to be justified4 ,ps4 #fi3d3   
',they that destroy me are              
mighty2' i4e41 that endeavor to destroy 
me4 ,eng41 ',that would       destroy   
me4' ,acts #g3bf3 ',and set them at one 
again2' i4e41       wished and          
endeavored4 ,eng41 ',would have set     
them4'    ,so in the passage before us3 

,he causes all to receive a mark1 and   
all  who will not worship the image to  
be killed2 that is1 he wills1  purposes1
 and endeavors1 to do this2 he makes    
such an enactment1 passes  such a law1  
but is not able to execute it2 for ,god 
interposes in behalf  of his people2 and
 then those who have kept the word of   
,christ's  patience are kept from       
falling in this hour of temptation1     
according to  ,rev4 #c3aj2 then those   
who have made ,god their refuge are kept
 from all  evil1 and no plague comes    
nigh their dwelling1 according to ,ps4  
#ia3  #i1aj2 then all who are found     
written in the book are delivered1      
according to ,dan4 #ab3a2 and1 being    
victors over the beast and his  image1  
they are redeemed from among men1 and   
raise a song of triumph  before the     
throne of ,god1 according to ,rev4      
#ad3d2 #ae3b4    ,the objector may      
further say3 ,you are altogether too    
credulous in  supposing that all the    
skeptics of our land1 the spiritualists1

 the  ,german infidels1 and the         
irreligious masses generally1 can be so 
far  brought to favor the religious     
observance of ,sunday that a general law
  can be promulgated in its behalf4     
,we answer3 ,the prophecy must be       
fulfilled2 and if the prophecy requires 
such a revolution1 it will be           
accomplished4 ,but we do not know that  
it  is necessary4 ,permit us to suggest 
an idea1 which1 though it is only       
conjecture1 may show how enough can be  
accomplished to fulfill the  prophecy   
without involving the classes mentioned4
 ,this movement1 as has  been shown1    
must originate with the churches of our 
land1 and be carried  forward by them4  
,they wish to enforce certain practices 
among all the  people2 and it would be  
very natural that1 in reference to those
 points  respecting which they wish to  
influence the outside masses1 they      
should  see the necessity of first      
having absolute conformity among all the
  evangelical denominations4 ,they could

 not expect to influence                
non-religionists to any great degree on 
questions respecting which they  were   
divided among themselves4 ,so1 then1 let
 union be had on those views  and       
practices which the great majority      
already entertain4 ,to this end         
coercion may first be attempted4 ,but   
here are a few who cannot possibly      
attach to the observance of the first   
day1 which the majority wish to  secure1
 any religious obligation2 and would it 
be anything strange for  the sentence to
 be given1 ,let these few factionists be
 made to conform1  by persuasion if     
possible1 by force1 if necessary4 ,thus 
the blow may  fall on conscientious     
commandment-keepers1 before the outside 
masses are  involved in the issue at    
all4 ,and should events take this not   
improbable  turn1 it would be sufficient
 to meet the prophecy1 and leave no     
ground  for the objection proposed4     
,to receive the mark of the beast in the
 forehead1 is1 we understand1 to  give  

the assent of the mind and judgment to  
his authority in the  adoption of that  
institution which constitutes the mark4 
,by parity of  reasoning1 to receive it 
in the hand would be to signify         
allegiance by  some outward act4    ,the
 number1 over which the saints are also 
to get the victory1 is the  number of   
the papal beast1 called also the number 
of his name1 and the  number of a man1  
and said to be six hundred threescore   
and six4 ,the pope  wears upon his      
pontifical crown in jeweled letters1    
this title3  ,vicarius ,filii ,dei1     
,vicegerent of the ,son of ,god2 the    
numerical  value of which title is just 
six hundred and sixty-six4 ,the most    
plausible supposition we have ever seen 
on this point is that here we  find the 
number in question4 ,it is the number of
 the beast1 the papacy2  it is the      
number of his name2 for he adopts it as 
his distinctive title2  it is the number
 of a man2 for he who bears it is the   
man of sin4 ,we  get the victory over it

 by refusing those institutions and     
practices  which he sets forth as       
evidence of his power to sit supreme in 
the  temple of ,god1 and by adopting    
which we should acknowledge the validity
  of his title1 by conceding his right  
to act for the church in behalf of  the 
,son of ,god4    ,and now1 reader1 we   
leave with you this subject4 ,we        
confidently submit  the argument as one 
which is invulnerable in all its points4
 ,we ask you  to review it carefully4   
,take in1 if thought can comprehend it1 
the  wonderful phenomenon of our own    
nation4 ,consider its location1 the time
  of its rise1 the manner of its rise1  
its character1 ,satan's masterpiece  of 
lying wonders which he has here sprung  
upon the world1 and the  elements which 
are everywhere working to fulfill in    
just as accurate a  manner every other  
specification of the prophecy4 ,can you 
doubt the  application4 ,we know not    
how4 ,then the last agents to appear in 
this  world's history are on the stage  

of action1 the close of this            
dispensation is at hand1 and the ,lord  
cometh speedily to judge the  world4    
,then an issue of appalling magnitude is
 before us4 ,it is no less  than this3  
,to yield to unrighteous human          
enactments soon to be made1 and  thus   
expose ourselves to the unmingled wrath 
of an insulted ,creator1 or  to remain  
loyal to our ,god and brave the utmost  
wrath of the dragon and  his infuriated 
hosts4    ,in reference to this issue1  
the third angel now utters his solemn   
and  vehement warning4 ,to aid in       
sounding over the land this timely note 
of  alarm1 to impress upon hearts the   
importance of a right position in the   
coming issue1 and the necessity of      
pursuing such a course as will secure   
the favor of ,god in the season of      
earth's direst extremity1 and a share   
at last in his glorious salvation1 is   
the object of this effort4 ,and if  with
 any it shall have this effect1 the     
prayer of the writer will not be        

utterly unanswered1 nor his labor be    
wholly lost4