,illu/ration3 ,int]ior ( a ,fr5* ,*ateau ,%ew+ ,furniture ( ! ,"t4 ,p]iod3 ,late ,,xiv4 or ,e>ly ,,xv4 ,c5tury4 ,illu/rat$ ,hi/ory ,( ,furniture3 ,f ! ,e>lie/ to ! ,pres5t ,"t4 by ,fr$]ick ,lit*field4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations #ahic4 ,preface4 ,9 ! foll[+ pages ! ,au?or has plac$ be=e ! read] an acc\nt ( ! *anges 9 ! design ( ,decorative ,furniture & ,woodwork1 f ! e>lie/ p]iod ( :i* we h any reliable or c]ta9 record until ! pres5t "t4 ,a c>eful selection ( illu/rations has be5 made f examples ( e/abli%$ au!nticity1 ! majority ( :i* are to be se51 ei!r 9 ! ,museums to :i* ref]5ce is made1 or by p]mission ( ! own]s2 & ! repres5tations ( ! diff]5t int]iors w convey an idea ( ! "* & disposition ( ! furniture ( ! p]iods to :i* !y ref]4 ,^! illu/rations are arrang$1 s f> z is possible1 9 *ronological ord]1 & ! descriptions :i* accompany !m are explanatory ( ! hi/orical & social *anges :i* h influ5c$ ! mann]s & cu/oms1 & directly or indirectly affect$ ! ,furniture ( diff]5t nations4 ,an endeav\r is made to produce a panorama :i* may prove acceptable to _m1 :o1 )\t wi%+ to /udy ! subject deeply1 may desire to ga9 "s in=mation ) ref]5ce to x g5]ally1 or ) reg>d to "s "p ( x1 9 :i* !y may feel a p>ticul> int]e/4 ,x w be obvi\s t )9 ! limits ( a s+le volume ( mod]ate dim5sions x is impossible to give m ?an an outl9e sket* ( _m p]iods ( design & ta/e :i* des]ve f> m consid]ation ?an is "h be/[$ ^u !m2 ! read] is1 !re=e1 ask$ to accept ! fir/ *apt]1 :i* ref]s to ,anci5t ,furniture & cov]s a p]iod ( sev]al c5turies1 z introductory to t :i* foll[s1 r ?an z a s]i\s attempt to exam9e ! hi/ory ( ! furniture dur+ t space ( "t4 ,! f\r? *apt]1 :i* deals ) a p]iod ( "s hundr$ & fifty ye>s1 f ! "t ( ,k+ ,james ! ,fir/ until t ( ,*ipp5dale & 8 contempor>ies1 & ! la/ ?ree *apt]s1 are m fully descriptive ?an "s o!rs1 p>tly because tru/wor?y in=mation z to ^! times is m accessible1 & p>tly because x is probable t ,engli% read]s w feel great] int]e/ 9 ! furniture ( :i* !y are ! subject4 ,! ,fr5* meubles de luxe1 f ! latt] half ( ! sev5te5? c5tury until ! ,revolution1 are also treat$ m fully ?an ! furniture ( o!r p]iods & c\ntries1 on acc\nt ( ! int]e/ :i* has be5 manife/$ 9 ?is description ( ! cab9et mak]'s & metal m\nt]'s "w dur+ ! pa/ t5 or fifte5 ye>s4 ,!re is evid5ce ( ?is appreciation 9 ! enorm\s prices realis$ at notable auction sales1 :5 su* furniture has be5 (f]$ = competition to weal?y connoisseurs4 ,9 ord] to ga9 a m correct idea ( ! design ( ,furniture ( diff]5t p]iods1 x has be5 necess>y to notice ! alt]ations 9 ar*itectural /yles :i* influ5c$1 & 7 accompani$ by1 correspond+ *anges 9 ! fa%ion ( int]ior woodwork4 ,su* comm5ts are made ) "s diffid5ce1 z x is felt t ?is bran* ( ! subject w\ld h receiv$ m fitt+ treatm5t by an ar*itect1 :o 0 also an antiqu>ian1 ?an by an antiqu>ian ) only a limit$ k ( ar*itecture4 ,"s works on ,furniture h tak5 ! ^w 9 its ,fr5* int]pretation1 to include ev]y?+ t is movable 9 a h\se2 o!r writ]s h comb9$ ) hi/orical notes1 critical rem>ks & sugge/ions z to ! selection ( ,furniture4 ,! au?or has n presum$ to (f] any su* advice1 & has conf9$ 8 att5tion to a description ( t :i*1 9 its m re/rict$ s5se1 is und]/ood z ,decorative ,furniture & ,woodwork4 ,= 8 own in=mation1 & 9 ! pursuit ( 8 bus9ess1 he has be5 l$ to inve/igate ! causes & ! approximate dates ( ! sev]al *anges 9 ta/e :i* h tak5 place1 & has record$ !m 9 z simple & readable a /ory z ! difficulties ( ! subject p]mit4 ,num]\s acts ( k9dness & co-op]ation1 receiv$ :ile prep>+ ! "w = ! press1 h r5d]$ ! task v pleasant2 & :ile ! au?or has endeav\r$ to ackn[l$ge1 9 a great _m in/ances1 ! c\rtesies receiv$1 :5 notic+ ! p>ticul> occasion on :i* su* assi/ance 0 r5d]$1 he w\ld desire g5]ally to record 8 ?anks to ! own]s ( hi/oric mansions1 ! (ficials ( our ,museums1 ! ,cl]ks ( ,city ,companies1 ,libr>ians1 & o!rs1 to :om he is indebt$4 ,! views ( _m able writ]s :o h trodd5 ! same field ( enquiry h be5 adopt$ :]e !y h be5 confirm$ by ! writ]'s exp]i5ce or rese>*1 & 9 ^! cases he hopes he has n omitt$ to express 8 ackn[l$gm5ts = ! use he has made ( !m4 ,! l>ge numb] ( copies subscrib$ =1 accompani$1 z _m ( ! applications h be51 by expressions ( goodwill & confid5ce be=eh&1 h be5 v gratify+1 & h af=d$ great enc\ragem5t dur+ ! prep>ation ( ! "w4 ,if ! pres5t v5ture is receiv$ 9 su* a way z to enc\rage a l>g] ef=t1 ! writ] hopes bo? to multiply examples & ext5d ! area ( 8 obs]vations4 ,f4 ,l4 ,hanway ,/reet1 ,london1 ,july1 #ahib4 ,cont5ts4 ,*apt] ,i4 ,,biblical ,,ref]5ces3 ,solomon's ,h\se & ,temple--,palace ( ,aha%u]us4 ,,assyrian ,,furniture3 ,nimrod's ,palace--,mr4 ,george ,smi? quot$4 ,,egyptian ,,furniture3 ,specim5s 9 ! ,briti% ,museum--,! ,workman's ,/ool--,v>i\s articles ( ,dome/ic ,furniture--,dr4 ,bir* quot$4 ,,greek ,,furniture3 ,! ,bas ,reliefs 9 ! ,briti% ,museum--,! ,*e/ ( ,cypselus--,laws & ,cu/oms ( ! ,greeks--,h\se ( ,alcibiades--,plut>* quot$4 ,,roman ,,furniture3 ,position ( ,rome--,! ,roman ,h\se--,cic]o's ,table--,?y9e ,wood--,cu/oms ( weal?y ,romans--,d[nfall ( ! ,empire4 ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,p]iod ( #ajjj ye>s f ,fall ( ,rome1 ,a4,d4 #dgf1 to ,capture ( ,con/ant9ople1 #adec--,! ,crusades--,influ5ce ( ,*ri/ianity--,*airs ( ,/4 ,pet] & ,maximian at ,rome1 ,rav5na & ,v5ice--,edict ( ,leo ,,iii4 prohibit+ ,image wor%ip--,! ,rise ( ,v5ice--,*>lemagne & 8 successors--,! ,*air ( ,dagob]t--,byzant9e "* ( ,furniture--,norwegian c>v+--,russian & ,sc&9avian--,! ,anglo-,saxons--,sir ,walt] ,scott quot$--,descriptions ( ,anglo-,saxon ,h\ses & ,cu/oms--,art 9 ,flemi% ,cities--,go?ic ,ar*itecture--,! ,coronation ,*air 9 ,we/m9/] ,abbey--,p5%ur/--,fr5* ,furniture 9 ! #ad? ,c5tury--,description ( rooms--,! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum--,transition f ,go?ic to ,r5aissance--,g]man c>v$ "w3 ! ,cr$5ce1 ! ,buffet1 & ,dressoir4 ,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,! ,,r5aissance ,,9 ,,italy3 ,leon>do da ,v9ci & ,raffaele--,*ur* ( ,/4 ,pet]1 contempor>y great arti/s--,! ,italian ,palazzo--,me?ods ( gild+1 inlay+ & m\nt+ ,furniture--,pietra-dura & o!r enri*m5ts--,rusk9's criticism4 ,,! ,,r5aissance ,,9 ,,france3 ,francois ,i4 & ! ,*ateau ( ,fonta9ebleau--,influ5ce on ,c\rti]s-,*airs ( ! "t--,design ( ,cab9ets--,m4,e4 ,bonnaffe on ,! ,r5aissance--,b$/ead ( ,jeanne d',albret--,det]ioration ( ta/e 9 "t ( ,h5ry ,,iv4--,l\is ,,xiii4 ,furniture--,brittany woodwork4 ,,! ,,r5aissance ,,9 ,,! ,,ne!rl&s3 ,influ5ce ( ! ,h\se ( ,burgundy on ,art--,! ,*imney-piece at ,bruges1 & o!r ca/s ( specim5s 9 ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum4 ,,! ,,r5aissance ,,9 ,,spa93 ,! res\rces ( ,spa9 9 ! sixte5? & sev5te5? c5turies--,influ5ce ( ,s>ac5ic ,art--,high-back$ lea!r *airs--,! ,c>?usian ,conv5t at ,granada4 ,,! ,,r5aissance ,,9 ,,g]many3 ,albre*t ,dr]--,fam\s ,/eel ,*air ( ,augsburg--,g]man sev5te5? c5tury c>v+ 9 ,/4 ,savi\r's ,hospital4 ,,! ,,r5aissance ,,9 ,,engl&3 ,influ5ce ( ,=eign ,arti/s 9 ! "t ( ,h5ry ,,viii4--,end ( ,feudalism--,hampton ,c\rt ,palace--,l95 patt]n ,panels--,woodwork 9 ! ,h5ry ,,vii4 ,*apel at ,we/m9/] ,abbey--,liv]y ,cupbo>ds at ,h5grave--,h>rison quot$--,! p>l]--,alt]ation 9 ,engli% cu/oms--,*airs ( ! sixte5? c5tury--,cov]+s & ,cu%ions ( ! "t1 extract f old ,inv5tory--,s\? ,k5s+ton ,cab9et--,elizabe?an ,mirror at ,goodri* ,c\rt--,%aw's ,anci5t ,furniture--,! ,gla/onbury ,*air--,introduction ( ,frames into ,engl&--,*>act]i/ics ( ,native ,woodwork--,fam\s ,c\ntry ,mansions--,alt]ation 9 design ( ,woodwork & ,furniture--,panell$ ,rooms 9 ,s\? ,k5s+ton--,! ,*>t]h\se--,gray's ,inn ,hall & ,middle ,temple--,! ,hall ( ! ,c>p5t]s' ,company--,! ,great ,b$ ( ,w>e--,%akespe>e's ,*air--,p5%ur/ ,place4 ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,engli% ,home ,life 9 ! ,reign ( ,james ,i4--,sir ,h5ry ,wootton quot$--,inigo ,jones & 8 "w--,=d ,ca/le--,*imney ,pieces 9 ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum--,table 9 ! ,c>p5t]s' ,hall--,hall ( ! ,b>b]s' ,company--,! ,*>t]h\se--,"t ( ,*>les ,i4--,furniture at ,knole--,eagle ,h\se1 ,wimbl$on--,mr4 ,*>les ,ea/lake--,monum5ts at ,cant]bury & ,we/m9/]--,settles1 ,c\*es1 & ,*airs ( ! ,/u>t p]iod--,sir ,paul ,p9d>'s ,h\se--,cromwellian ,furniture--,! ,re/oration--,indo-,portuguese ,furniture--,hampton ,c\rt ,palace--,evelyn's description--,! ,great ,fire ( ,london--,hall ( ! ,brew]s' ,company--,oak ,panell+ ( ! "t--,gr9l+ ,gibbons & 8 "w--,! ,edict ( ,nantes--,silv] ,furniture at ,knole--,william ,,iii4 & ,dut* influ5ce--,que5 ,anne--,sidebo>ds1 ,bureaus1 & ,gr&fa!r's ,clocks--,furniture at ,hampton ,c\rt4 ,*apt] ,v4 ,,*9ese ,,furniture3 ,probable s\rce ( arti/ic ta/e--,sir ,william ,*amb]s quot$--,rac9et's ,le ,co/ume ,hi/orique--,dut* influ5ce--,! ,s\? ,k5s+ton & ! ,duke ( ,ed9burgh ,collections--,processes ( mak+ ,lacqu]--,scre5s 9 ! ,k5s+ton ,museum4 ,,japanese ,,furniture3 ,e>ly ,hi/ory--,sir ,ru!r=d ,alcock & ,"l ,elg9--,! ,collection ( ! ,%ogun--,fam\s ,collections--,action ( ! pres5t ,gov]nm5t ( ,japan--,special *>act]i/ics4 ,,indian ,,furniture3 ,e>ly ,european influ5ce--,furniture ( ! ,moguls--,rac9et's ,"w--,bombay ,furniture--,ivory ,*airs & ,table--,specim5s 9 ! ,india ,museum4 ,,p]sian ,,woodwork3 ,collection ( ,objets d',art =m$ by ,g54 ,murdo* ,smi?1 ,r4,e4---,indu/rial ,arts ( ! ,p]sians--,arab influ5ce--,s\? ,k5s+ton specim5s4 ,,s>ac5ic ,,woodwork3 ,ori5tal cu/oms--,specim5s 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum ( ,arab ,"w--,m4 d',aveune's ,"w4 ,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,palace ,,( ,,v]sailles3 ,gr& & ,petit ,trianon--,! ?ree ,/yles ( ,l\is ,,xiv41 ,,xv41 & ,,xvi4--,colb]t & ,lebrun--,&r ,*>les ,b\le & 8 ,"w--,c>v$ & ,gilt ,furniture--,! ,reg5cy & its ,influ5ce--,alt]ation 9 ,condition ( ,fr5* ,society--,watteau1 ,lancret1 & ,b\*]4 ,l\is ,,xv4 ,,furniture3 ,fam\s b5i/es--,v]nis ,m>t9 ,furniture--,caffi]i & ,g\?ire ,m\nt+s--,svres ,porcela9 introduc$ into ,cab9ets--,gobel9s ,tape/ry--,! ,bureau du ,roi4 ,,l\is ,,xvi4 ,,& ,,m>ie ,,anto9ette3 ,! ,que5's ,influ5ce--,! ,pa9t]s ,*>d9 & ,greuze--,m simple ,designs--,*>act]i/ic ,ornam5ts ( ,l\is ,,xvi4 ,furniture--,ries5]'s ,"w--,g\?ire's ,m\nt+s--,specim5s 9 ! ,l\vre--,! ,hamilton ,palace ,sale--,fr5* influ5ce ^u ! design ( ,furniture 9 o!r c\ntries--,! ,jones ,collection--,extract f ,! ,times4 ,*apt] ,,vii4 ,*9ese /yle--,sir ,william ,*amb]s--,! ,bro!rs ,adams' "w--,p]golesi1 ,cipriani1 & ,angelica ,kauffmann--,ar*itects ( ! "t--,w$gwood & ,flaxman--,*ipp5dale's ,"w & 8 ,contempor>ies--,*air 9 ! ,b>b]s' ,hall--,lock1 ,%e>]1 ,hepple:ite2 ,ince1 ,mayhew1 ,%]aton--,introduction ( ,sat9wood & ,mahogany--,gill[s1 ( ,lanca/] & ,london--,hi/ory ( ! ,sidebo>d--,! ,d9+ ,room--,furniture ( ! "t4 ,*apt] ,,viii4 ,! ,fr5* ,revolution & ,fir/ ,empire--,influ5ce on design ( ,napoleon's ,campaigns--,! ,cab9et pres5t$ to ,m>ie ,l\ise--,dut* ,furniture ( ! "t--,engli% ,furniture--,%]aton's lat] "w--,?omas ,hope1 ar*itect--,george ,smi?'s designs--,fa%ion dur+ ! ,reg5cy--,go?ic revival--,s$don's ,furniture--,o!r ,mak]s--,influ5ce on design ( ! ,re/oration 9 ,france--,furniture ( ,william ,,iv4 & e>ly "p ( ,que5 ,victoria's reign--,b>oque & ,rococo /yles--,! panell+ ( rooms1 dado1 & skirt+--,! ,art ,union--,! ,society ( ,arts--,sir ,*>les ,b>ry & ! new ,palace ( ,we/m9/]--,pug9's designs--,auction ,prices ( ,furniture--,*ri/ie's--,! ,london ,club ,h\ses--,/eam--,diff]5t ,trade ,cu/oms--,exhibitions 9 ,france & ,engl&--,h>ry ,rog]s' "w--,! ,que5's cradle--,/ate ( ,art 9 ,engl& dur+ fir/ "p ( pres5t reign--,cont95tal designs--,italian c>v+--,cab9et "w--,g5]al rem>ks4 ,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,! ,,great ,,exhibition3 ,exhibitors & contempor>y ,cab9et ,mak]s--,exhibition ( #ahfb1 ,london2 #ahfg1 ,p>is2 & subsequ5tly--,description ( ,illu/rations--,f\rd9ois1 ,wright & ,mansfield--,! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum--,revival ( ,m>quetry--,comp>ison ( ,pres5t ,day ) t ( a ,hundr$ ,ye>s ago--/heticism--,traditions--,trades-,un ionism--,! ,arts & ,crafts ,exhibition ,society--,indep5d5ce ( ,furniture--,pres5t ,fa%ions--,writ]s on ,design--,mod]n ,furniture 9 o!r ,c\ntries--,conclud+ ,rem>ks4 ,,app5dix4 ,li/ ( ,arti/s & ,manufactur]s ( ,furniture--,woods--,tape/ry us$ = ,fr5* ,furniture--,! processes ( ,gild+ & ,poli%+--,! ,pian(orte4 ,index4 ,li/ ( ,subscrib]s4 ,li/ ( ,illu/rations4 ,frontispiece--,dwell+ ,room ( a ,fr5* ,*ateau ,*apt] ,i4 ,vignette ( ,bas-relief--egyptian ,seat$1 z ,ornam5t to ,initial ,lett]4 ,assyrian ,bronze ,?rone & ,foot/ool ,*airs ,f ,khorsabad & ,xan?us & ,assyrian ,?rone ,repose ( ,k+ ,as%urbanipal ,examples ( ,egyptian ,furniture 9 ! ,briti% ,museum3 ,/ool2 ,/& = a ,vase2 ,head-re/ or ,pill[2 ,workman's ,/ool2 ,vase on a ,/&2 ,fold+ ,/ool2 ,ebony ,seat inlaid ) ivory ,an ,egyptian ( ,high ,rank ,seat$ ,an ,egyptian ,banquet ,*air ) ,captives z ,supports1 & an ,ivory ,box ,bac*us & ,att5dants ,visit+ ,ic>us ,greek ,b$/ead ) a ,table ,greek ,furniture ,int]ior ( an ,anci5t ,roman ,h\se ,roman ,/ate ,*air ,bronze ,lamp & ,/& ,roman ,scamnum or ,b5* ,bisellium1 or ,seat = ,two ,p]sons ,roman ,c\*1 ,g5]ally ( ,bronze ,a ,roman ,/udy ,roman ,tricl9ium or ,d9+ ,room ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,vignette ( ,go?ic ,oak ,armoire1 z ,ornam5t to ,initial ,lett] ,*air ( ,/4 ,pet]1 ,rome ,dagob]t ,*air ,a ,c>v$ ,norwegian ,doorway ,sc&9avian ,*air ,cov] ( a ,casket ,c>v$ 9 ,:alebone ,saxon ,h\se 7,,ix4 ,c5tury7 ,anglo-saxon ,furniture ( ,ab\t ! ,x4 ,c5tury ,! ,seat on ! ,das ,saxon ,/ate ,b$ ,engli% ,fold+ ,*air 7,,xiv4 ,c5tury7 ,cradle ( ,h5ry ,v ,coronation ,*air1 ,we/m9/] ,abbey ,*air 9 ,york ,m9/] ,two ,*airs ( ! ,,xv4 ,c5tury ,table at ,p5%ur/ ,b$room 7,,xiv4 ,c5tury7 ,c>v$ ,oak ,b$/ead & ,*air ,! ,new ,born ,infant ,portrait ( ,*ri/9e ,de ,pisan ,/ate ,banquet ) ,att5dant ,musicians 7,two ,woodcuts7 ,a ,high-back$ ,*air 7,,xv4 ,c5tury7 ,m$ieval ,b$ & ,b$room ,a ,scribe or ,copyi/ ,two ,g]man ,*airs ,c>v$ ,oak ,buffet 7,fr5* ,go?ic7 ,c>v$ ,oak ,table ,flemi% ,buffet ,a ,tape/ri$ ,room ,a ,c>v$ ,oak ,seat ,int]ior ( ,apo!c>y's ,%op ,c\rt ( ! ,ladies ( ,que5 ,anne ( ,brittany ,*apt] ,,iii4 ,vignette ( ! ,c>yatides ,cab9et1 z ,ornam5t to ,initial ,lett] ,reproduction ( ,decoration by ,raffaele ,salon ( ,m4 ,bonnaff ,a ,sixte5? ,c5tury ,room ,*air 9 ,c>v$ ,walnut ,v5etian ,c5tre ,table ,m>riage ,c(f] 9 ,c>v$ ,walnut ,m>riage ,c(f] ,pair ( ,italian ,c>v$ ,bell[s ,c>v$ ,italian ,mirror ,frame1 ,,xvi4 ,c5tury ,a ,sixte5? ,c5tury ,c(fre-=t ,italian ,c(f] ,italian ,*airs ,ebony ,cab9et ,v5etian ,/ate ,*air ,ornam5tal ,panell+ 9 ,/4 ,v9c5t's ,*ur*1 ,r\5 ,*imney ,piece 7,fonta9ebleau7 ,c>v$ ,oak ,panel 7#aegg7 ,fac-,similes ( ,engrav+ ,on ,wood ,c>v$ ,oak ,b$/ead ( ,jeanne ,d'albret ,c>v$ ,oak ,cab9et 7,lyons7 ,l\is ,,xiii4 & ,8 ,c\rt ,decoration ( a ,salon 9 ,l\is ,,xiii4 ,/yle ,an ,ebony ,armoire 7,flemi% ,r5aissance7 ,a ,b>b]'s ,%op 7,,xvi4 ,c5tury7 ,a ,flemi% ,citiz5 at ,meals ,s$an ,*air ( ,*>les ,v4 ,silv] ,table 7,w9dsor ,ca/le7 ,*air ( ,walnut or ,*esnut ,wood1 ,spani%1 ) ,emboss$ ,lea!r ,wood5 ,c(f] 7,,xvi4 ,c5tury7 ,! ,/eel ,*air 7,long=d ,ca/le7 ,g]man ,c>v$ ,oak ,buffet ,c>v$ ,oak ,*e/ ,*air ( ,anna ,boleyn ,tudor ,cab9et ,! ,gla/onbury ,*air ,c>v$ ,oak ,elizabe?an ,b$/ead ,oak ,wa9scot+ ,d9+ ,hall 9 ! ,*>t]h\se ,scre5 9 ! ,hall ( ,gray's ,inn ,c>v$ ,oak ,panels 7,c>p5t]s' ,hall7 ,"p ( an ,elizabe?an ,/aircase ,! ,entrance ,hall1 ,h>dwick ,hall ,%akespe>e's ,*air ,! ,great ,b$ ( ,w>e ,! ,que5's ,room1 ,p5%ur/ ,place ,c>v$ ,oak ,*imney ,piece 9 ,speke ,hall ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,a ,*air ( ,,xvii4 ,c5tury1 z ,ornam5t to ,initial ,lett] ,oak ,*imney ,piece 9 ,sir ,w4 ,raleigh's ,h\se ,*imney ,piece 9 ,byfleet ,h\se ,! ,k+'s ,*amb]1 ,=d ,ca/le ,c5tre ,table 7,c>p5t]s' ,hall7 ,c>v$ ,oak ,*airs ,oak ,*imney ,piece ,f ,lime ,/reet1 ,city ,oak ,sidebo>d ,seats at ,knole ,arm ,*air1 ,knole ,! ,spangle ,b$room1 ,knole ,c\*1 ,*air1 & ,s+le ,*air 7,p5%ur/ ,place7 ,fold+ & ,draw+e ,table ,*airs1 ,/u>t ,p]iod ,*air ,us$ by ,*>les ,i4 ,dur+ ,8 ,trial ,two ,c>v$ ,oak ,*airs ,settle ( ,c>v$ ,oak ,/aircase 9 ,g5]al ,treton's ,h\se ,settee & ,*air 7,p5%ur/ ,place7 ,c>v$ ,ebony ,*air ,s$es ,busbiana ,! ,ma/]'s ,*air 9 ! ,brew]s' ,hall ,c>v$ ,oak ,liv]y ,cupbo>d ,c>v$ ,oak ,napk9 ,press ,?ree ,*airs ,f ,hampton ,c\rt1 ,h>dwick1 & ,knole ,c>v$ ,oak ,scre5 9 ,/ation]s' ,hall ,silv] ,furniture at ,knole ,?ree ,*imney ,pieces by ,james ,gibbs ,*apt] ,v4 ,patt]n ( a ,*9ese ,lac ,scre5 ,an ,ea/]n 7,s>ac5ic7 ,table1 z ,ornam5t to ,initial ,lett] ,japanese ,cab9et ( ,r$ ,*as$ ,lacqu] ,w>e ,casket ( ,indian ,lacqu]-"w ,door ( ,c>v$ ,s&al ,wood ,f ,travancore ,p]sian ,inc5se ,burn] ( ,engrav$ ,brass ,gov]nor's ,palace1 ,manfulut ,specim5 ( ,s>ac5ic ,panell+ ,a ,c>v$ ,door ( ,syrian ,"w ,%ap$ ,panel ( ,s>ac5ic ,"w ,*apt] ,,vi4 ,b\le ,armoire 7,hamilton ,palace7 ,vignette ( a ,l\is ,quatorze ,commode1 z ,ornam5t to ,initial ,lett]4 ,b\le ,armoire 7,jones ,collection7 ,p$e/al ,cab9et by ,b\le 7,jones ,collection7 ,a ,conc]t 9 ! ,reign ( ,l\is ,,xiv4 ,a ,scre5 ,panel by ,watteau ,decoration ( a ,salon 9 ! ,l\is ,,xiv4 ,/yle ,a ,b\le ,commode ,fr5* ,s$an ,*air ,"p ( a ,salon 7,l\is ,,xv47 ,c>v$ & ,gilt ,console ,table ,l\is ,,xv4 ,fauteuil 7,c>v$ & ,gilt7 ,l\is ,,xv4 ,commode 7,jones ,collection7 ,a ,p>quet]ie ,commode ,bureau ,du ,roi ,a ,b\doir 7,l\is ,,xvi4 ,p]iod7 ,"p ( a ,salon 9 ,l\is ,,xvi4 ,/yle ,a ,m>quet]ie ,cab9et 7,jones ,collection7 ,writ+ ,table 7,ries5]7 ,! ,m>ie ,anto9ette ,writ+ ,table ,b$/ead ( ,m>ie ,anto9ette ,a ,cyl9d] ,secretaire 7,ro?s*ild ,collection7 ,an ,arm ,*air 7,l\is ,,xvi47 ,c>v$ & ,gilt ,settee & ,arm ,*air ,a ,s(a ,en ,suite ,a ,m>quet]ie ,escritoire 7,jones ,collection7 ,a ,norse ,int]ior1 ,%ew+ ,fr5* ,influ5ce ,a ,secretaire ) ,svres ,plaques ,a ,clock by ,rob9 7,jones ,collection7 ,h>psi*ord1 ,ab\t #agej ,italian ,s$an ,*air ,*apt] ,,vii4 ,vignette ( a ,*ipp5dale ,gir&ole1 z ,ornam5t to ,initial ,lett] ,fac-simile ( ,draw+s by ,rob]t ,adam ,engli% ,sat9wood ,dress+ ,table ,*imney-piece & ,ov]mantel1 ,design$ by ,w4 ,?omas ,two ,*ipp5dale ,*airs 9 ! ,*9ese ,/yle ,fac-simile ( ,title ,page ( ,*ipp5dale's ,g5tleman & ,cab9et ,mak]'s ,director ,two ,book ,cases ,f ,*ipp5dale's ,director ,tea ,caddy ,c>v$ 9 ! ,fr5* ,/yle 7,*ipp5dale7 ,a ,bureau ,f ,*ipp5dale's ,director ,a ,design = a ,/ate ,b$ ,f ,*ipp5dale's ,director ,fr5* ,commode & ,lamp ,/&s ,b$ ,pill>s ,*imney-piece & ,mirror ,p>l\r ,*airs by ,*ipp5dale ,clock ,case by ,*ipp5dale ,*9a ,%elves1 ,design$ by ,w4 ,ince ,gir&oles & ,pi] ,table1 ,design$ by ,w4 ,?omas ,toilet ,glass & ,urn ,/&1 ,f ,hepple:ite's ,guide ,p>l\r ,*airs1 ,design$ by ,w4 ,ince ,ladies' ,secretaires1 ,design$ by ,w4 ,ince ,desk & ,bookcase1 ,design$ by ,w4 ,ince ,*9a ,cab9et1 ,design$ by ,j4 ,mayhew ,dress+ ,*airs1 ,design$ by ,j4 ,mayhew ,designs ( ,furniture ,f ,hepple:ite's ,guide ,plan ( a ,room4 7,hepple:ite7 ,inlaid ,tea ,caddy & ,tops ( ,pi] ,tables1 ,f ,hepple:ite's ,guide ,kneehole ,table by ,%]aton ,*airs by ,%]aton ,*air ,backs1 ,f ,%]aton's ,cab9et ,mak] ,urn ,/& ,a ,sidebo>d 9 ! ,/yle ( ,rob]t ,adam ,c>v$ ,j>d9i]e by ,*ipp5dale ,cab9et & ,bookcase ) ,secretaire1 by ,%]aton ,*apt] ,,viii4 ,vignette ( an ,empire ,tripod1 z ,ornam5t to ,initial ,lett] ,cab9et ,pres5t$ to ,m>ie ,l\ise ,/ool & ,arm ,*air 7,napoleon ,i4 ,p]iod7 ,nelson's ,*airs by ,%]aton ,draw+ ,room ,*air1 ,design$ by ,%]aton ,draw+ ,room ,*air1 ,design$ by ,%]aton ,canopy ,b$ by ,%]aton ,si/]s' ,cyl9d] ,bookcase by ,%]aton ,sidebo>d & ,s(a ,table 7,%]aton7 ,design ( a ,room1 by ,t4 ,hope ,libr>y ,fauteuil1 ,f ,smi?'s ,book ( ,designs ,p>lor ,*airs ,bookcase by ,%]aton ,draw+ ,room ,*airs1 ,f ,smi?'s ,book ,prie-dieu 9 ,c>v$ ,oak1 ,design$ by ,mr4 ,pug9 ,secretaire & ,bookcase 7,g]man ,go?ic ,/yle7 ,cradle = ,h4,m4 ! ,que5 by ,h4 ,rog]s ,design = a ,tea ,caddy by ,j4 ,/rudwick ,design = ,"o ( ! ,w+s ( a ,sidebo>d by ,w4 ,holmes ,design = a ,"w ,table4 ,h4 ,fitzcook ,v5etian ,/ool ( ,c>v$ ,walnut ,*apt] ,,ix4 ,examples ( ,design 9 ,furniture 9 ! #ahea ,exhibition3-- ,sidebo>d1 9 ,c>v$ ,oak1 by ,gill[ ,*imney-piece & ,bookcase by ,holl& & ,sons ,cab9et by ,grace ,bookcase by ,jackson & ,graham ,gr& ,pian(orte by ,broadwood ,vignette ( a ,cab9et1 ,mod]n ,jacobean ,/yle1 z ,ornam5t to ,initial ,lett] ,lady's ,escritoire by ,wettli1 ,b]ne ,lady's ,"w ,table & ,scre5 9 ,papi] ,ma* ,sidebo>d 7,sir ,walt] ,scott7 by ,cookes1 ,w>wick ,a ,/ate ,*air by ,janc[ski1 ,york ,sidebo>d1 9 ,c>v$ ,oak1 by ,dor&1 ,p>is ,b$/ead1 9 ,c>v$ ,ebony1 by ,r\l1 ,antw]p ,pian(orte by ,lei/l]1 ,vi5na ,bookcase1 9 ,lime ,tree1 by ,lei/l]1 ,vi5na ,cab9et1 ) ,bronze & ,porcela91 by ,games1 ,/4 ,pet]sburg ,casket ( ,ivory1 ) ,ormolu ,m\nt+s1 by ,matifat1 ,p>is ,table & ,*air1 9 ! ,classic ,/yle1 by ,capello1 ,tur9 ,cab9et ( ,ebony1 ) ,c>nelions1 by ,lit*field ,radclyffe 7#ahfb ,exhibition1 ,london7 ,cab9et ( ,ebony1 ) ,boxwood ,c>v+s1 by ,f\rd9ois1 ,p>is 7#ahfg ,exhibition1 ,p>is7 ,cab9et ( ,sat9wood1 ) ,w$gwood ,plaques1 by ,wright & ,mansfield 7#ahfg ,exhibition1 ,p>is7 ,cab9et ( ,ebony & ,ivory by ,&rea ,pic*i1 ,flor5ce 7#ahfg ,exhibition1 ,p>is7 ,! ,ellesm]e ,cab9et ,! ,saloon at ,s&r+ham ,h\se ,! ,draw+ ,room at ,s&r+ham ,h\se ,c>v$ ,frame by ,radspiel]1 ,muni* ,c>v$ ,oak ,flemi% ,armoire1 z ,tail ,piece ,a ,sixte5? ,c5tury ,work%op ,*apt] ,i4 ,anci5t ,furniture4 ,,biblical ,,ref]5ces3 ,solomon's ,h\se & ,temple--,palace ( ,aha%u]us4 ,,assyrian ,,furniture3 ,nimrod's ,palace--,mr4 ,george ,smi? quot$4 ,,egyptian ,,furniture3 ,specim5s 9 ! ,briti% ,museum--! ,workman's ,/ool--v>i\s articles ( ,dome/ic ,furniture--,dr4 ,bir* quot$4 ,,greek ,,furniture3 ,! ,bas ,reliefs 9 ! ,briti% ,museum--! ,*e/ ( ,cypselus--,laws & ,cu/oms ( ! ,greeks--,h\se ( ,alcibiades--,plut>* quot$4 ,,roman ,,furniture3 ,position ( ,rome--! ,roman ,h\se--,cic]o's ,table--,?y9e ,wood--,cu/oms ( weal?y ,romans--,d[nfall ( ! ,empire4 ,biblical ,ref]5ces4 ,! fir/ ref]5ce to woodwork is to be f\nd 9 ! ,book ( ,g5esis1 9 ! in/ructions giv5 to ,noah to make an ,ark (#a goph] wood1 to make a w9d[1 to pit* x )9 & )\t ) pit*1 & to obs]ve def9ite measurem5ts4 ,f ! specific directions ?us h&$ d[n to u1 we may ga!r t mank9d _h acquir$ at a v e>ly p]iod ( ! _w's hi/ory a k ( ! diff]5t k9ds ( wood1 & ( ! use ( tools4 ,we "k1 too1 f ! bas reliefs & papyri 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 h[ advanc$ 7 ! ,anci5t ,egyptians 9 ! arts ( civilization1 & t ! manufacture ( com=table & ev5 luxuri\s furniture 0 n neglect$4 ,9 !m1 ! ,hebrews mu/ h _h excell5t workm5 = tea*]s & taskma/]s1 to h enabl$ !m to acquire suffici5t skill & exp]i5ce to c>ry out su* precise in/ructions z 7 giv5 = ! erection ( ! ,tab]nacle1 "s #a1ejj ye>s be=e ,*ri/--z to ! k9ds ( wood1 measurem5ts1 ornam5ts1 fa/5+s 7loops & ta*es71 curta9s ( l951 & cov]+s ( dri$ sk9s4 ,we h only to turn = a mom5t to ! #be? *apt] ( ,exodus to be conv9c$ t all ! directions !re m5tion$ 7 giv5 to a p :o _h consid]able exp]i5ce 9 ! me?ods ( c>ry+ out "w1 :i* mu/ h result$ f "s g5]ations ( c>p5t]s1 jo9]s1 weav]s1 dy]s1 goldsmi?s1 & o!r craftsm54 ,a ?\s& ye>s be=e ,*ri/1 we h ^? descriptions ( ! build+ & fitt+ by ,solomon ( ! glori\s "w ( 8 reign1 ! great ,temple1 & ( 8 own1 ! ,k+'s h\se1 :i* ga!r$ f diff]5t c\ntries ! mo/ skilful artific]s ( ! "t1 an ev5t :i* m>ks an era ( advance 9 ! k & skill ( ^? :o 7 ?us br\ght toge!r to d _! be/ "w t[>ds c>ry+ out ! gr& s*eme4 ,x is wor? :ile1 too1 :5 we are ref]r+ to ,old ,te/am5t in=mation be>+ ^u ! subject1 to notice "s details ( furniture :i* are giv51 ) _! approximate dates z g5]ally accept$1 n because !re is any p>ticul> importance atta*$ to ! precise *ronology ( ! ev5ts conc]n$1 b because1 speak+ g5]ally1 !y =m l&m>ks 9 a hi/ory ( furniture4 ,"o ( ^! is ! v]se 7,k+s ii4 *ap4 #d7 :i* tells u ! cont5ts ( ! little *amb] 9 ! wall1 :5 ,eli%a visit$ ! ,%unamite1 ab\t ,b4,c4 #hie2 & we are told ( ! prep>ations = ! reception ( ! prophet3 ,& let u set = him !re a b$ & a table & a /ool & a c&le/ick4 ,! o!r incid5t is "s #dbj ye>s lat]1 :51 9 ! allusion to ! gr&eur ( ! palace ( ,aha%u]us1 we cat* a glimpse ( ,ea/]n magnific5ce 9 ! description ( ! drap]y :i* furni%$ ! ap>tm5t3 ,:]e 7 :ite1 gre51 & blue hang+s1 fa/5$ ) cords ( f9e l95 & purple1 to silv] r+s & pill>s ( m>ble2 ! b$s 7 ( gold & silv]1 ^u a pavem5t ( r$ & blue & :ite & black m>ble4 7,e/h] i4 #f47 ,!re are1 un=tunately1 no tru/wor?y descriptions ( anci5t ,hebrew furniture4 ,! illu/rations 9 ,kitto's ,bible4 ,mr4 ,h5ry ,soltan's ,! ,tab]nacle1 ! ,prie/hood1 & ! ,(f]+s1 & o!r simil> books1 are app>5tly drawn f imag9ation1 f\nd$ on descriptions 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,9 ^!1 ! table = %ew-bread is g5]ally repres5t$ z hav+ legs p>tly turn$1 ) ! upp] portions squ>e1 to :i* r+s 7 atta*$ = ! poles by :i* x 0 c>ri$4 ,z a nomadic p1 _! furniture w\ld be b primitive1 & we may take x t z ! ,jews & ,assyrians came f ! same /ock1 & spoke ! same language1 su* ornam5tal furniture z !re 0 w\ld1 ) ! exception ( ! repres5tations ( figures ( m5 or animals1 be ( a simil> "*4 ,assyrian ,furniture4 ,illu/ration3 ,"p ( ,assyrian ,bronze ,?rone & ,foot/ool1 ab\t ,b4,c4 #hhj1 ,reign ( ,as%urnazirpat4 7,f a photo by ,mansell ,co4 ( ! orig9al 9 ! ,briti% ,museum47 ,! discov]ies :i* h be5 made 9 ! olde/ seat ( mon>*ical gov]nm5t 9 ! _w1 by su* ent]pris+ travell]s z ,sir ,au/9 ,lay>d1 ,mr4 ,george ,smi?1 & o!rs1 :o h ?r[n s mu* light ^u dome/ic life 9 ,n9eveh1 are full ( int]e/ 9 connection ) ?is bran* ( ! subject4 ,we le>n f ^! au?orities t ! furniture 0 ornam5t$ ) ! heads ( lions1 bulls1 & rams2 tables1 ?rones1 & c\*es 7 made ( metal & wood1 & probably inlaid ) ivory2 ! e>lie/ *air1 accord+ to ,sir ,au/9 ,lay>d1 hav+ be5 made )\t a back1 & ! legs t]m9at+ 9 lion's feet or bull's ho(s4 ,"s 7 ( gold1 o!rs ( silv] & bronze4 ,on ! monum5ts ( ,khorsabad1 repres5tations h be5 discov]$ ( *airs support$ by animals1 & by human figures1 probably ^? ( prison]s4 ,9 ! ,briti% ,museum is a bronze ?rone f\nd by ,sir ,a4 ,lay>d amid/ ! ra9s ( ,nirnrod's palace1 :i* %ews ability ( high ord] = skill$ metal "w4 ,mr4 ,smi?1 ! fam\s ,assyrian excavator & translator ( cunei=m inscriptions1 has told u 9 8 ,assyrian ,antiquities ( 8 f9d+ close to ! site ( ,n9eveh portions ( a cry/al ?rone some:at simil> 9 design to ! bronze "o m5tion$ above1 & 9 ano!r "p ( ?is int]e/+ book we h a description ( an int]ior t is useful 9 assi/+ u to =m an idea ( ! condition ( h\ses ( a date :i* c be correctly assign$ to ,b4,c4 #hfj3--;,altoge!r 9 ?is place ,i op5$ six *amb]s1 all ( ! same "*1 ! entrances ornam5t$ by clu/]s ( squ>e pila/]s1 & recesses 9 ! rooms 9 ! same /yle2 ! walls 7 col\r$ 9 horizontal b&s ( r$1 gre51 & yell[1 & :]e ! l[] p>ts ( ! *amb]s 7 panell$ ) small /one slabs1 ! pla/] & col\rs 7 cont9u$ ov] ^!4 ,!n foll[s a description ( ! dra9age arrangem5ts1 & f9ally we h ,mr4 ,smi?'s conclusion t ?is 0 a private dwell+ = ! wives & families ( k+s1 toge!r ) ! int]e/+ fact t on ! "u side ( ! bricks he f\nd ! leg5d ( ,%alm5es] ,,ii4 7,b4,c4 #hfj71 :o probably built ?is palace4 ,illu/ration3 ,assyrian ,*air f ,khorsabad4 7,9 ! ,briti% ,museum47 ,illu/ration3 ,assyrian ,*air f ,xan?us4 7,9 ! ,briti% ,museum47 ,illu/ration3 ,assyrian ,?rone4 7,9 ! ,briti% ,museum47 ,9 ! ,briti% ,museum is an elaborate piece ( c>v$ ivory1 ) depressions to hold color$ glass1 etc41 f ,n9eveh1 :i* once =m$ "p ( ! inlaid ornam5t ( a ?rone1 %ew+ h[ ri*ly su* objects 7 ornam5t$4 ,?is c>v+ is said by ! au?orities to be ( ,egyptian orig94 ,! treatm5t ( figures by ! ,assyrians 0 m clumsy & m rigid1 & _! furniture g5]ally 0 m massive ?an t ( ! ,egyptians4 ,an ornam5t (t5 introduc$ into ! designs ( ?rones & *airs is a conv5tional treatm5t ( ! tree sacr$ to ,as%ur1 ! ,assyrian ,jupit]2 ! p9e cone1 ano!r sacr$ emblem1 is also f\nd1 sometimes z 9 ! illu/ration ( ! ,khorsabad *air on page #d1 =m+ an ornam5tal foot1 & at o!rs be+ "p ( ! m]ely decorative design4 ,! bronze ?rone1 illu/rat$ on page #c1 appe>s to h be5 ( suffici5t height to require a foot/ool1 & 9 ,n9eveh & its ,rema9s ^! foot/ools are specially allud$ to4 ,! feet 7 ornam5t$ l ^? ( ! *air ) ! feet ( lions or ! ho(s ( bulls4 ,! furniture repres5t$ 9 ! foll[+ illu/ration1 f a bas relief 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 is said to be ( a p]iod "s two hundr$ ye>s lat] ?an ! bronze ?rone & foot/ool4 ,illu/ration3 ,repose ( ,k+ ,as%urbanipal4 7,f a ,bas relief 9 ! ,briti% ,museum47 ,egyptian ,furniture4 ,9 ! consid]ation ( anci5t ,egyptian furniture we f9d valuable assi/ance 9 ! examples c>efully pres]v$ to u1 & accessible to ev]yone1 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 & "o or two ( ^! des]ve pass+ notice4 ,illu/ration3 ,/ool1 ,/& = a ,vase1 ,head ,re/ or ,pill[1 ,workman's ,/ool1 ,vase on a ,/&1 ,fold+ ,/ool1 ,ebony ,seat ,inlaid ) ,ivory 7,f ,photos by ,mansell ,co4 ( ! orig9als 9 ! ,briti% ,museum47 ,no?+ c be m suitable = its purpose !n ! ,workman's ,/ool3 ! seat is precisely l t ( a mod]n kit*5 *air 7all wood71 slightly concav$ to promote ! sitt]'s com=t1 & support$ by ?ree legs curv+ outw>ds4 ,?is is simple1 conv5i5t1 & admirably adapt$ = long s]vice4 ,= a specim5 ( m ornam5tal "w1 ! fold+ /ool 9 ! same glass case %\ld be exam9$2 ! supports are cross$ 9 a simil> way to ^? ( a mod]n camp-/ool1 & ! l[] p>ts ( ! legs c>v$ z heads ( geese1 ) inlay+s ( ivory to assi/ ! design & give ri*ness to its execution4 ,illu/ration3 ,an ,egyptian ( ,high ,rank ,seat$4 7,f a ,photo by ,mansell ,co4 ( ! ,orig9al ,wall ,pa9t+ 9 ! ,briti% ,museum47 ,,p]iod3 ,b4,c4 #aejj-adjj4 ,portions ( legs & rails1 turn$ z if by a mod]n la!1 mortice holes & t5ons1 fill u ) wond] z we look ^u "w :i*1 at ! mo/ mod]n computation1 mu/ be #c1jjj ye>s old1 & may be ( a date /ill m remote4 ,9 ! same room1 arrang$ 9 cases r\nd ! wall1 is a collection ( sev]al objects :i*1 if sc>cely to be class$ "u ! head ( furniture1 are articles ( luxury & com=t1 & demon/rate ! extraord9>y /ate ( civilisation enjoy$ by ! old ,egyptians1 & help u to =m a picture ( _! dome/ic habits4 ,illu/ration3 ,an ,egyptian ,banquet4 7,f a ,wall ,pa9t+ at ,!bes47 ,among/ ^! are boxes inlaid ) v>i\s woods1 & also ) little squ>es ( bright turquoise blue pott]y let 9 z a relief2 o!rs v5e]$ ) ivory2 wood5 spoons1 c>v$ 9 mo/ intricate designs1 ( :i* "o1 repres5t+ a girl among/ lotus fl[]s1 is a "w ( great arti/ic skill2 boats ( wood1 head re/s1 & models ( p>ts ( h\ses & gran>ies1 toge!r ) writ+ mat]ials1 diff]5t k9ds ( tools & implem5ts1 & a quantity ( p]sonal ornam5ts & requisites4 ,= furniture1 v>i\s woods 7 employ$1 ebony1 acacia or sont1 c$>1 sycamore1 & o!rs ( species n det]m9$4 ,ivory1 bo? ( ! hippopotamus & elephant1 0 us$ = inlay+1 z also 7 glass pa/es2 & specim5s ( m>quetry are n uncommon4 ,9 ! pa9t+s 9 ! tombs1 gorge\s pictures & gild$ furniture are depict$4 ,= cu%ions & mattresses1 l95 clo? & color$ /uffs1 fill$ ) fea!rs ( ! wat]f[l1 appe> to h be5 us$1 :ile seats h plait$ bottoms ( l95 cord or tann$ & dy$ lea!r ?r[n ov] !m1 & sometimes ! sk9s ( pan!rs s]v$ ?is purpose4 ,= c>pets !y us$ mats ( palm fibre1 on :i* !y (t5 sat4 ,on ! :ole1 an ,egyptian h\se 0 lightly furni%$1 & n encumb]$ ) s _m articles z are 9 use at ! pres5t day4 ,! above p>agraph =ms "p ( ! notice ) :i* ! late ,dr4 ,bir*1 ! em95t antiqu>ian1 =m]ly at ! head ( ?is dep>tm5t ( ! ,briti% ,museum1 has prefac$ a catalogue ( ! antiquities allud$ to4 ,! visitor to ! ,museum %\ld be c>eful to procure "o ( ^! useful & inexp5sive guides to ?is portion ( its cont5ts4 ,"s illu/rations tak5 f anci5t /atues & bas reliefs 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 f copies ( wall pa9t+s at ,!bes1 & o!r s\rces1 give u a good idea ( ! furniture ( ?is int]e/+ p4 ,9 "o ( ^! w be se5 a repres5tation ( ! wood5 head-re/ :i* prev5t$ ! dis>rangem5t ( ! coiffure ( an ,egyptian lady ( rank4 ,a v simili> head-re/1 ) a cu%ion atta*$ = com=t to ! neck1 is /ill 9 common use by ! ,japanese ( ! pres5t day4 ,illu/ration3 ,*air ) ,captives ,z ,supports4 7,f ,papyrus 9 ,briti% ,museum47 ,illu/ration3 ,an ,ivory ,box4 ,illu/ration3 ,bac*us & ,att5dants ,visit+ ,ic>us4 7,reproduc$ f a ,bas-relief 9 ! ,briti% ,museum47 ,p]iod3 ,ab\t ,a4d4 #ajj4 ,greek ,furniture4 ,an e>ly ref]5ce to ,greek furniture is made by ,hom]1 :o describes cov]lids ( dy$ wool1 tape/ries1 c>pets1 & o!r accessories1 :i* mu/ !re=e h =m$ "p ( ! cont5ts ( a great man's resid5ce c5turies be=e ! p]iod :i* we recognise z ! m]idian ( ,greek art4 ,9 ! second ,vase-room ( ! ,briti% ,museum ! pa9t+ on "o ( ^! vases repres5ts two p]sons sitt+ on a c\*1 ^u :i* is a cu%ion ( ri* mat]ial1 :ile = ! com=t ( ! sitt]s !re is a foot/ool1 probably ( ivory4 ,on ! opposite leaf !re is an illu/ration ( a has relief 9 /one1 ,bac*us receiv$ z a gue/ by ,ic>us1 9 :i* ! c\* has turn$ legs & ! feet are ornam5t$ ) c>v$ leaf "w4 ,illu/ration3 ,,greek ,,b$/ead ,,) ,a ,,table4 7,f an old ,wall ,pa9t+47 ,we "k1 too1 f o!r illu/rations ( tripods us$ = sacr$ purposes1 & z supports = brazi]s1 t tables 7 made ( wood1 ( m>ble1 & ( metal2 also fold+ *airs1 & c\*es = sleep+ & re/+1 b n = recl9+ at meals1 z 0 ! fa%ion at a lat] p]iod4 ,9 mo/ ( ! designs = ^! v>i\s articles ( furniture !re is a simil>ity ( treatm5t ( ! head1 legs1 & feet ( lions1 leop>ds1 & sph9xes to t :i* we h notic$ 9 ! ,assyrian patt]ns4 ,illu/ration3 ,greek ,furniture4 7,f ,antique ,bas reliefs47 ,! description ( an int]e/+ piece ( furniture may be notic$ "h1 because its date is v]ifi$ by its hi/orical associations1 & x 0 se5 & describ$ by ,pausanias ab\t #hjj ye>s aft]w>ds4 ,?is is ! fam\s *e/ ( ,cypselus ( ,cor9?1 ! /ory ( :i* runs t :5 8 "m's relations1 hav+ be5 w>n$ by ! ,oracle ( ,delphi1 t h] son w\ld prove =midable to ! rul+ p>ty1 s\ght to murd] him1 8 life 0 sav$ by 8 concealm5t 9 ?is *e/1 & he became ,rul] ( ,cor9? = "s #cj ye>s 7,b4,c4 #fee-fbe74 ,x is said to h be5 made ( c$>1 c>v$ & decorat$ ) figures & bas reliefs1 "s 9 ivory1 "s 9 gold or ivory "p gilt1 & inlaid on all f\r sides & on ! top4 ,! peculi> laws & cu/oms ( ! ,greeks at ! "t ( _! greate/ prosp]ity 7 n calculat$ to enc\rage display or luxury 9 private life1 or ! collection ( sumptu\s furniture4 ,_! mann]s 7 simple & _! discipl9e 0 v sev]e4 ,/atu>y1 sculpture ( ! be/ k9d1 pa9t+ ( ! highe/ m]it--9 a ^w1 ! be/ t art c\ld produce--7 all d$icat$ to ! national s]vice 9 ! enri*m5t ( ,temples & o!r public build+s1 ! ,/ate hav+ indef9ite & almo/ unlimit$ p[] ov] ! prop]ty ( all weal?y citiz5s4 ,! public surr\nd+s ( an influ5tial ,a!nian 7 !re=e 9 direct contra/ to ! simplicity ( 8 home1 :i* conta9$ ! mo/ meagre supply ( *airs & tables1 :ile ! *ef d'oeuvres ( ,phidias adorn$ ! ,s5ate ,h\se1 ! ,!atre1 & ! ,temple4 ,!re 7 "s exceptions to ?is rule1 & we h records t dur+ ! lat] ye>s ( ,greek prosp]ity su* simplicity 0 n obs]v$4 ,alcibiades is said to h be5 ! fir/ to h 8 h\se pa9t$ & decorat$1 & ,plut>* tells u t he kept ! pa9t] ,aga?>cus a prison] until 8 task 0 done1 & !n dismiss$ him ) an appropriate rew>d4 ,ano!r anci5t writ] relates t ! gue/ ( a private h\se 0 enjo9$ to praise ! decorations ( ! ceil+s & ! beauty ( ! curta9s susp5d$ f betwe5 ! columns4 ,?is occurs1 accord+ to ,mr4 ,p]k9s1 ! ,am]ican translator ( ,dr4 ,falke's ,g]man book ,kun/ im ,hause1 9 ! ,wasps ( ,ari/ophanes1 writt5 ,b4,c4 #dbb4 ,! illu/rations1 tak5 f ! be/ au?orities 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 ! ,national ,libr>y ( ,p>is1 & o!r s\rces1 %ew ! sev]e /yle adopt$ by ! ,greeks 9 _! furniture4 ,roman ,furniture4 ,z we are accu/om$ to look to ,greek ,art ( ! "t ( ,p]icles = purity ( /yle & p]fection ( ta/e1 s d we naturally expect ! gradual demoralisation ( art 9 its transf] to ! great ,roman ,empire4 ,f t little village on ! ,palat9e ,hill1 f\nd$ "s #gej ye>s ,b4,c41 ,rome _h spread & conqu]$ 9 e direction1 until 9 ! "t ( ,augu/us %e 0 mi/ress ( ! :ole civilis$ _w1 h]self ! c5tre ( weal?1 civilisation1 luxury1 & p[]4 ,antio* 9 ! ,ea/ & ,alex&ria 9 ! ,s\? rank$ next to h] z great cities ( ! _w4 ,f ! excavations ( ,h]culaneum & ,pompeii we h le>n$ en\gh to conceive "s g5]al idea ( ! social life ( a weal?y ,roman 9 ! "t ( ,rome's prosp]ity4 ,! h\ses _h no upp] /ory1 b 7 =m$ by ! enclosure ( two or m quadrangles1 ea* surr\nd$ by c\rts op5+ into rooms1 & receiv+ air & v5tilation f ! c5tre op5 squ>e or c\rt4 ,! illu/ration w give an idea ( ?is arrangem5t4 ,9 ,mr4 ,hung]=d ,poll5's useful h&book !re is a description ( ea* room 9 a ,roman h\se1 ) its prop] ,lat9 title & purpose2 & we "k f o!r descriptions ( ,anci5t ,rome t ! resid5ces 9 ! ,imp]ial ,city 7 divid$ into two di/9ct classes--t ( domus & insula1 ! =m] be+ ! dwell+s ( ! ,roman nobles1 & correspond+ to ! mod]n ,palazzi1 :ile ! latt] 7 ! habitations ( ! middle & l[] classes4 ,ea* insula consi/$ ( sev]al sets ( ap>tm5ts1 g5]ally let out to diff]5t families1 & 0 frequ5tly surr\nd$ by %ops4 ,! h\ses describ$ by ,mr4 ,poll5 appe> to h _h no upp] /ory1 b z gr\nd became m valuable 9 ,rome1 h\ses 7 built to su* a height z to be a s\rce ( dang]1 & 9 ! "t ( ,augu/us !re 7 n only /rict regulations z to build+1 b ! height 0 limit$ to #gj feet4 ,! ,roman furniture ( ! "t 0 ( ! mo/ co/ly k9d4 ,illu/ration3 ,int]ior ( an ,anci5t ,roman ,h\se4 ,said to h be5 t ( ,sallu/4 ,p]iod3 ,b4,c4 #bj ,,to ,a4,d4 #bj4 ,tables 7 made ( m>ble1 gold1 silv]1 & bronze1 & 7 engrav$1 damasc5$1 plat$1 & enri*$ ) preci\s /ones4 ,! *ief woods us$ 7 c$>1 p9e1 elm1 olive1 a%1 ilex1 bee*1 & maple4 ,ivory 0 mu* us$1 & n only 7 ! arms & legs ( c\*es & *airs c>v$ to repres5t ! limbs ( animals1 z has be5 not$ 9 ! ,assyrian1 ,egyptian1 & ,greek designs1 b o!r p>ts ( furniture 7 ornam5t$ by c>v+s 9 bas relief ( subjects tak5 f ,greek my?ology & leg5d4 ,v5e]s 7 cut & appli$1 n z "s h suppos$ = ! purpose ( economy1 b because by ?is means ! mo/ beautifully m>k$ or figur$ specim5s ( ! woods c\ld be *os51 & a mu* ri*] & m decorative effect produc$ ?an w\ld be possible :5 only solid timb] 0 us$4 ,z a prom95t in/ance ( ! ext5t to :i* ! ,romans c>ri$ ! co/l9ess ( "s special pieces ( furniture1 we h x record$ on good au?ority 7,mr4 ,poll57 t ! table made = ,cic]o co/ a million se/]ces1 a sum equal to ab\t #i1jjj1 & t "o belong+ to ,k+ ,juba 0 sold by auction = ! equival5t ( #aj1jjj4 ,illu/ration3 ,roman ,/ate ,*air4 7,f ! ,m>ble example 9 ! ,muse du ,l\vre47 ,illu/ration3 ,roman ,bronze ,lamp & ,/&4 7,f\nd 9 ,pompeii47 ,cic]o's table 0 made ( a wood call$ ,?y9e--wood :i* 0 br\ght f ,africa & held 9 ! highe/ e/eem4 ,x 0 valu$ n only on acc\nt ( its beauty b also f sup]/iti\s or religi\s reasons4 ,! possession ( ?y9e wood 0 suppos$ to br+ good luck1 & its sacr$ness arose f ! fact t f x 0 produc$ ! inc5se us$ by ! prie/s4 ,dr4 ,edw>d ,clapton1 ( ,/4 ,?omas' ,hospital1 :o has made a collection ( woods nam$ 9 ! ,scriptures1 has manag$ to secure a specim5 ( ?y9e1 :i* a fri5d ( 8 obta9$ on ! ,atlas ,m\nta9s4 ,x resembles ! woods :i* we "k z tuy]e & amboyna4#b ,roman1 l ,greek h\ses1 7 divid$ into two portions--! front = reception ( gue/s & ! duties ( society1 ) ! back = h\sehold purposes1 & ! occupation ( ! wife & family2 = al?\gh ! position ( ! ,roman wife 0 sup]ior to t ( h] ,greek contempor>y1 :i* 0 little bett] ?an t ( a slave1 /ill x 0 v diff]5t to its lat] developm5t4 ,! illu/ration giv5 "h ( a repa/ 9 ! h\se ( ,sallu/1 repres5ts ! ho/ & 8 eight male gue/s recl9+ on ! seats ( ! p]iod1 ea* ( :i* held ?ree p]sons1 & 0 call$ a tricl9ium1 mak+ up ! favorite numb] ( a ,roman d9n] p>ty1 & possibly giv+ u ! prov]bial say+--,n less ?an ! ,graces nor m ?an ! ,muses--:i* is /ill held to be a popul> regulation = a d9n] p>ty4 ,illu/ration3 ,roman ,scamnum or ,b5*4 ,illu/ration3 ,roman ,bisellium1 or ,seat = ,two ,p]sons4 ,b g5]ally occupi$ by "o1 on occasions ( fe/ivals1 etc4 ,f discov]ies at ,h]culaneum & ,pompeii a great deal ( in=mation has be5 ga9$ ( ! dome/ic life ( ! weal?i] ,roman citiz5s1 & !re is a useful illu/ration at ! end ( ?is *apt] ( ! furniture ( a libr>y or /udy 9 :i* ! designs are v simil> to ! ,greek ones we h notic$2 x is n improbable !y 7 made & execut$ by ,greek workm54 ,x w be se5 t ! books su* z 7 !n us$1 in/ead ( be+ plac$ on %elves or 9 a bookcase1 7 kept 9 r\nd boxes call$ ,scr9ia1 :i* 7 g5]ally ( bee* wood1 & c\ld be lock$ or seal$ :5 requir$4 ,! books 9 rolls or sewn toge!r 7 ?us easily c>ri$ ab\t by ! own] on 8 j\rneys4 ,mr4 ,hung]=d ,poll5 m5tions t we>+ app>el 0 kept 9 ve/i>ia1 or w>drobe rooms1 & he quotes ,plut>*'s anecdote ( ! purple cloaks ( ,lucullus1 :i* 7 s num]\s t !y mu/ h be5 /or$ 9 capaci\s hang+ closets r ?an 9 *e/s4 ,9 ! atrium1 or public reception room1 0 probably ! be/ furniture 9 ! h\se4 ,accord+ to ,m\le's ,essay on ,roman ,villas1 x 0 "h t numb]s assembl$ daily to pay _! respects to _! patron1 to consult ! legislator1 to attract ! notice ( ! /atesman1 or to d]ive importance 9 ! eyes ( ! public f an app>5t intimacy ) a man 9 p[]4 ,! gr[? ( ! ,roman ,empire ea/w>d1 ! colonisation ( ,ori5tal c\ntries1 & subsequ5tly ! e/abli%m5t ( an ,ea/]n ,empire1 produc$ gradually an alt]ation 9 ,greek design1 & ?\gh1 if we 7 discuss+ ! m]its ( design & ! canons ( ta/e1 ?is might be consid]$ a decl9e1 /ill its influ5ce on furniture 0 d\btless to produce m ease & luxury1 m w>m? & com=t1 ?an w\ld be possible if ! outl9e ( e article ( useful furniture 7 decid$ by a rigid adh]5ce to classical pr9ciples4 ,we h se5 t ?is 0 m consonant ) ! public life ( an ,a!nian2 b ! ,romans1 9 ! lat] p]iod ( ! ,empire1 ) _! weal?1 _! extravagance1 _! slaves1 _! immorality & gross s5suality1 liv$ 9 a spl5d\r & ) a prodigality t well accord$ ) ! gorge\s col\r+ ( ,ea/]n hang+s & embroid]ies1 ( ri* c>pets & com=table cu%ions1 ( ! lavi% use ( gold & silv]1 & m]itrici\s & r$undant ornam5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,roman ,c\*1 ,g5]ally ( ,bronze4 7,f an ,antique ,bas relief47 ,?is slight sket*1 brief & inadequate z x is1 ( a hi/ory ( furniture f ! e>lie/ "t ( :i* we h any record1 until f ! extraord9>y gr[? ( ! va/ ,roman ,empire1 ! arts & manufactures ( e c\ntry became z x 7 c5tralis$ & focuss$ 9 ! palaces ( ! weal?y ,romans1 br+s u d[n to ! comm5cem5t ( :at has be5 des]v$ly call$ ! greate/ ev5t 9 hi/ory--! decl9e & fall ( ?is enorm\s empire4 ,= fifte5 g5]ations1 = "s five hundr$ ye>s1 did ?is decay1 ?is va/ revolution1 proce$ to its conclusion4 ,b>b>ian ho/s settl$ d[n 9 prov9ces !y _h ov]run & conqu]$1 ! old ,pagan _w di$ z x 71 & ! new ,*ri/ian era dawn$4 ,f ! latt] end ( ! second c5tury until ! la/ ( ! ,we/]n ,caes>s1 9 ,a4,d4 #dgf1 x is1 ) ! exception ( a %ort int]val :5 ! /rong h& ( ! great ,!odosius /ay$ ! avalan*e ( ,rome's invad]s1 "o long /ory ( ! defeat & humiliation ( ! citiz5s ( ! greate/ p[] ! _w has ev] kn[n4 ,x is a va/ drama t ! g5ius & pati5ce ( a ,gibbon has alone be5 able to deal )1 defy+ almo/ by its gigantic cata/rophes & ev] rag+ turbul5ce ! p5 ( hi/ory to *ronicle & arrange4 ,:5 ! curta9 rises on a new ord] ( ?+s1 ! age ( ,paganism has pass$ away1 & ! p]iod ( ! ,middle ,ages w h comm5c$4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,roman ,/udy4 ,%ew+ ,scrolls or ,books 9 a ,scr9ium2 also ,lamp1 ,writ+ ,tablets1 etc4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,roman ,tricl9ium1 or ,d9+ ,room4 ,! plan 9 ! m>g9 %ews ! position ( gue/s2 ! place ( honor 0 t :i* is indicat$ by ,no4 #a1 & t ( ! ho/ by ,no4 #i4 7,! ,illu/ration is tak5 f ,dr4 ,jacob von ,falke's ,kun/ im ,hause47 ,illu/ration3 ,plan ( a ,tricl9ium4 ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,! ,middle ,ages4 ,p]iod ( #ajjj ye>s f ,fall ( ,rome1 ,a4,d4 #dgf1 to ,capture ( ,con/ant9ople1 #adec--! ,crusades--,influ5ce ( ,*ri/ianity--,*airs ( ,/4 ,pet] & ,maximian at ,rome1 ,rav5na & ,v5ice--,edict ( ,leo ,,iii4 prohibit+ ,image wor%ip--! ,rise ( ,v5ice--,*>lemagne & 8 successors--! ,*air ( ,dagob]t--,byzant9e "* ( ,furniture--,norwegian c>v+--,russian & ,sc&9avian--! ,anglo-,saxons--,sir ,walt] ,scott quot$--,descriptions ( ,anglo-,saxon ,h\ses & ,cu/oms--,art 9 ,flemi% ,cities--,go?ic ,ar*itecture--! ,coronation ,*air at ,we/m9/] ,abbey--,p5%ur/--,fr5* ,furniture 9 ! #ad? ,c5tury--,description ( rooms--! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum--,transition f ,go?ic to ,r5aissance--,g]man c>v$ "w3 ! ,cr$5ce1 ! ,buffet1 & ,dressoir4 ,illu/ration ,! hi/ory ( furniture is s ?or\ghly a "p ( ! hi/ory ( ! mann]s & cu/oms ( diff]5t peoples1 t "o c only und]/& & appreciate ! sev]al *anges 9 /yle1 sometimes gradual & sometimes rapid1 by ref]5ce to c]ta9 hi/orical ev5ts & influ5ces by :i* su* *anges 7 effect$4 ,?us1 we h dur+ ! space ( "t kn[n z ! ,middle ,ages1 a /ret* ( "s #a1jjj ye>s1 dat+ f ! fall ( ,rome itself1 9 ,a4,d4 #dgf1 to ! capture ( ,con/ant9ople by ! ,turks "u ,mahomet ,,ii4 9 #adec1 an hi/orical panorama ( /rik+ incid5ts & great social *anges be>+ ^u our subject4 ,x 0 a turbul5t & viol5t p]iod1 :i* saw ! completion ( ,rome's d[nfall1 ! rise ( ! ,c>lov+ian family1 ! subjection ( ,brita9 by ! ,saxons1 ! ,danes1 & ! ,normans2 ! extraord9>y c>e] & =tunes ( ,mahomet2 ! conque/ ( ,spa9 & a great "p ( ,africa by ! ,moors2 & ! ,crusades1 :i*1 = a common cause1 unit$ ! swords & spe>s ( fri5d & foe4 ,x 0 ! age ( mona/]ies & conv5ts1 ( religi\s p]secutions & ( h]oic /ruggles ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*4 ,x 0 ! age ( feudalism1 *ivalry1 & w>2 b1 t[>ds ! close1 a "t ( comp>ative civilisation & progress1 ( d>kness giv+ way to ! light :i* foll[$2 ! night ( ! ,middle ,ages prec$+ ! dawn ( ! ,r5aissance4 ,) ! gr[+ importance ( ,con/ant9ople1 ! capital ( ! ,ea/]n ,empire1 families ( well-to-d citiz5s flock$ ?i!r f o!r p>ts1 br++ ) !m all _! mo/ valuable possessions2 & ! h\ses ( ! great became ri* 9 ornam5tal furniture1 ! /yle ( :i* 0 a mixture ( ,ea/]n & ,roman3 t is1 a corruption ( ! ,e>ly ,classic ,greek develop+ into ! /yle kn[n z ,byzant9e4 ,! influ5ce ( ,*ri/ianity ^u ! position ( wom5 mat]ially affect$ ! cu/oms & habits ( ! p4 ,ladies 7 all[$ to be se5 9 *>iots & op5 c>riages1 ! designs ( :i*1 !re=e1 improv$ & became m v>i$2 ! old cu/om ( recl9+ at meals ceas$1 & gue/s sat on b5*es2 & ?\gh we h1 ) c]ta9 exceptions1 su* z ! *air ( ,/4 ,pet] at ,rome1 & t ( ,maximian 9 ! ,ca!dral at ,rav5na1 no specim5s ( furniture ( ?is "t1 we h 9 ! old ,byzant9e ivory bas-reliefs su* repres5tations ( circul> ?rone *airs & ( ecclesia/ical furniture z suffice to %[ ! class ( woodwork !n 9 vogue4 ,! *air ( ,/4 ,pet] is "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ relics ( ! ,middle ,ages4 ,! woodcut w %ew ! design1 :i* is1 l o!r "w ( ! p]iod1 ,byzant9e1 & ! foll[+ description is tak5 f ,mr4 ,hung]=d ,poll5's introduction to ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton catalogue3--,! *air is con/ruct$ ( wood1 ov]laid ) c>v$ ivory "w & gold4 ,! back is b\nd toge!r ) iron4 ,x is a squ>e ) solid front & arms4 ,! wid? 9 front is #ci in*es2 ! height 9 front #cj in*es1 %ew+ t a scabellum or foot/ool mu/ h belong$ to x4444 ,9 ! front are #ah gr\ps or compositions f ! ,gospels1 c>v$ 9 ivory ) exquisite f95ess1 & work$ ) inlay ( ! pure/ gold4 ,on ! out] sides are sev]al little figures c>v$ 9 ivory4 ,x =m$1 accord+ to tradition1 "p ( ! furniture ( ! h\se ( ! ,s5ator ,pud5s1 an e>ly conv]t to ! ,*ri/ian fai?4 ,x is he :o gave to ! ,*ur* 8 h\se 9 ,rome1 ( :i* mu* t rema9s is cov]$ by ! ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,pud5ziana4 ,pud5s gave ?is *air to ,/4 ,pet]1 & x became ! ?rone ( ! ,see4 ,x 0 kept 9 ! old ,basilica ( ,/4 ,pet]'s4 ,s9ce !n x has be5 transf]r$ f place to place1 until n[ x rema9s 9 ! pres5t ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,pet]'s1 b is completely hidd5 f view by ! seat or cov]+ made 9 #affg1 by ,b]n9i1 out ( bronze tak5 f ! ,pan!on4 ,mu* has be5 writt5 ab\t ?is fam\s *air4 ,c>d9al ,wiseman & ! ,cavali]e de ,rossi h def5d$ its reputation & its hi/ory1 & ,mr4 ,nesbitt1 "s ye>s ago1 read a pap] on ! subject be=e ! ,society ( ,antiqu>ies4 ,illu/ration3 ,*air ( ,/4 ,pet]1 ,rome4 ,=m]ly !re 0 9 ,v5ice ano!r *air ( ,/4 ,pet]1 ( :i* !re is a sket* f a photograph 9 ,mrs4 ,oliphant's ,mak]s ( ,v5ice4 ,x is said to h be5 a pres5t f ! ,emp]or ,mi*el1 son ( ,!ophilus 7#hbd-hfd71 to ! ,v5etian ,republic 9 recognition ( s]vices r5d]$1 by ei!r ! ,doge ,gradonico1 :o di$ 9 #ahfd1 or 8 pr$ecessor1 aga9/ ! ,mahomm$an incursions4 ,fragm5ts only n[ rema91 & ^! are pres]v$ 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,pietro1 at ,ca/ello4 ,!re is also a *air ( hi/oric fame pres]v$ 9 ,v5ice1 & n[ kept 9 ! treasury ( ,/4 ,m>k's4 ,orig9ally 9 ,alex&ria1 x 0 s5t to ,con/ant9ople & =m$ "p ( ! spoils tak5 by ! ,v5etians 9 #abjd4 ,l bo? ! o!r *airs1 ?is 0 also ornam5t$ ) ivory plaques1 b ^! h be5 replac$ by ornam5tal m>ble4 ,! e>lie/ ( ! be=e-m5tion$ *airs1 namely1 ! "o at ,rav5na1 0 made = ! ,ar*bi%op ab\t #edf to #eef1 & is ?us describ$ 9 ,mr4 ,maskell's ,h&book on ,ivories1 9 ! ,sci5ce & ,art s]ies3--,! *air has a high back1 r\nd 9 %ape1 & is entirely cov]$ ) plaques ( ivory arrang$ 9 panels c>v$ 9 high relief ) sc5es f ! ,gospels & ) figures ( sa9ts4 ,! plaques h bord]s ) foliat$ ornam5ts1 birds & animals2 fl[]s & fruits fill+ ! int]m$iate spaces4 ,du ,somm]>d names among/ ! mo/ rem>kable subjects1 ! ,annunciation1 ! ,adoration ( ! ,wise ,m51 ! ,flight into ,egypt1 & ! ,baptism ( ,our ,"l4 ,! *air has also be5 describ$ by ,pass]i1 ! fam\s ,italian antiqu>y1 & a pap] 0 read ^u x1 by ,sir ,digby ,wyatt1 be=e ! ,arundel ,society1 9 :i* he rem>k$ t z x _h be5 =tunately pres]v$ z a holy relic1 x wore almo/ ! same appe>ance z :5 us$ by ! prelate = :om x 0 made1 save = ! beautiful t9t ) :i* "t _h inve/$ x4 ,long be=e ! g5]al break up ( ! va/ ,roman ,empire1 influ5ces _h be5 at "w to dec5tralise ,art1 & cause ! migration ( tra9$ & skilful artisans to c\ntries :]e _! "w w\ld build up fre% indu/ries1 & give an impetus to progress1 :]e hi!rto !re _h be5 /agnation4 ,"o ( ^! influ5ces 0 ! decree issu$ 9 ,a4,d4 #gbf by ,leo ,,iii41 ,emp]or ( ! ,ea/]n ,empire1 prohibit+ all image wor%ip4 ,! consequ5ces to ,art ( su* a decree 7 d\btless simil> to ! fanatical proce$+s ( ! ,engli% ,puritans ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 & arti/s1 driv5 f _! homes1 7 scatt]$ to ! diff]5t ,european capitals1 :]e !y 7 gladly receiv$ & f\nd employm5t & patronage4 ,x %\ld be borne 9 m9d t at ?is "t ,v5ice 0 gradually ris+ to t m>vell\s position ( weal? & p[] :i* %e aft]w>ds held4 ,a rul] ( ! wat]s & _! p[]s3 ,& su* %e 02--h] daught]s _h _! d[]s ,f spoils ( nations1 & ! exhau/less ,ea/ ,p\r'd 9 h] lap all gems 9 sp>kl+ %[]s2 ,9 purple 0 %e rob$ & ( h] fea/s ,mon>*s p>took1 & deem$ _! dignity increas$4 ,h] weal?y m]*ants 7 well acqua9t$ ) ! arts & manufactures ( o!r c\ntries1 & ,v5ice w\ld be j "o ( ^? cities to attract ! arti/ refugee4 ,x is inde$ "h t wood c>v+ z an ,art may be said to h specially develop$ itself1 & ?\gh1 f its de/ructible nature1 !re are v few specim5s extant dat+ f ?is e>ly "t1 yet we %all see t two or ?ree hundr$ ye>s lat] ornam5tal woodwork fl\ri%$ 9 a /ate ( p]fection :i* mu/ h requir$ a long probation>y p]iod4 ,illu/ration3 ,dagob]t ,*air4 ,*air ( ,dagob]t1 ( gilt bronze1 n[ 9 ! ,muse de ,s\v]a9s1 ,p>is4 ,orig9ally z a fold+ *air said to be ! "w ( ,/4 ,eloi1 #g? c5tury2 back & arms add$ by ! ,abbe ,sug] 9 #ab? c5tury4 ,!re is an electrotype reproduction 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum4 ,turn+ f ,v5ice4 ,dur+ ! latt] end ( ! eigh? c5tury ! /> ( ,*>lemagne 0 9 ! asc5dant1 & ?\gh we h no au!ntic specim51 & sc>cely a picture ( any wood5 furniture ( ?is reign1 we "k t1 9 appropriat+ ! prop]ty ( ! ,gallo-,romans1 ! ,frank ,emp]or ,k+ & 8 *iefs 7 9 "s degree educat+ !mselves to high] notions ( luxury & civilisation4 ,paul ,lacroix1 9 ,mann]s1 ,cu/oms1 & ,dress ( ! ,middle ,ages1 tells u t ! tri*orium or d9+ room 0 g5]ally ! l>ge/ hall 9 ! palace3 two r[s ( columns divid$ x into ?ree p>ts3 "o = ! royal family1 "o = ! (fic]s ( ! h\sehold1 & ! ?ird = ! gue/s1 :o 7 always v num]\s4 ,no p]son ( rank :o visit$ ! ,k+ c\ld leave )\t sitt+ at 8 table or at lea/ dra9+ a cup to 8 heal?4 ,! ,k+'s hospitality 0 magnific5t1 especially on great religi\s fe/ivals1 su* z ,*ri/mas & ,ea/]4 ,9 o!r portions ( ?is "w ( ref]5ce we read ( boxes to hold articles ( value1 & ( ri* hang+s1 b beyond su* allusions little c be glean$ ( any furniture besides4 ,! celebrat$ *air ( ,dagob]t 7illu/rat$ on p4 #ba71 n[ 9 ! ,l\vre1 & ( :i* !re is a ca/ 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum1 dates f "s #aej ye>s be=e ,*>lemagne1 & is probably ! only specim5 ( furniture belong+ to ?is p]iod :i* has be5 h&$ d[n to u4 ,x is made ( gilt bronze1 & is said to be ! "w ( a monk4 ,= ! designs ( furniture ( ! t5? to ! f\rte5? c5turies we are 9 a great measure dep5d5t ^u old illum9ations & missals ( ^! remote times4 ,!y repres5t *iefly ! seats ( /ate us$ by sov]eigns on ! occasions ( gr& banquets1 or ( "s ecclesia/ical function1 & f ! valuable collections ( ^! docum5ts 9 ! ,national ,libr>ies ( ,p>is & ,brussels1 "s illu/rations are reproduc$1 & x is evid5t f su* au?orities t ! designs ( ,/ate furniture 9 ,france & o!r c\ntries dom9at$ by ! ,c>lov+ian mon>*s 7 ( ,byzant9e "*1 t pseudo-classic /yle :i* 0 ! prototype ( furniture ( ab\t a ?\s& ye>s lat]1 :5 ! ,cs>ism ( ,napoleon ,i41 dur+ ! e>ly ye>s ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 produc$ s _m designs :i* we n[ recognise z ,empire4 ,no hi/ory ( m$iaeval woodwork w\ld be complete )\t notic+ ! ,sc&9avian furniture & ornam5tal wood c>v+ ( ! t5? to ! fifte5? c5turies4 ,!re are 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum1 pla/] ca/s ( "s ?ree or f\r c>v$ doorways ( ,norwegian workman%ip1 ( ! t5?1 elev5?1 & twelf? c5turies1 9 :i* scrolls are entw9$ ) contort$ mon/]s1 or1 to quote ,mr4 ,lovett's description1 dragons ( hide\s aspect & s]p5ts ( m ?an usually tortu\s proclivities4 ,! woodcut ( a c>v$ l9tel conveys a fair idea ( ?is "w1 & also ( ! old ,junip] wood tank>ds ( a mu* lat] "t4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,c>v$ ,norwegian ,doorway4 ,p]iod3 ,x4 to ,,xi4 ,c5tury4 ,!re are also at ,k5s+ton o!r ca/s ( curi\s ,sc&9avian woodwork ( m ,byzant9e treatm5t1 ! orig9als ( :i* are 9 ! ,museums ( ,/ockholm & ,cop5hag51 :]e ! collection ( antique woodwork ( native production is v l>ge & int]e/+1 & proves h[ wood c>v+1 z an indu/rial art1 has fl\ri%$ 9 ,sc&9avia f ! e>ly ,vik+ times4 ,"o c /ill see 9 ! old *ur*es ( ,borgund & ,hitt]dal mu* ( ! c>v$ woodwork ( ! sev5? & eigh? c5turies2 & l9tels & por*es full ( national "* are to be f\nd 9 ,!lem>k54 ,"u ?is head+ ( ,sc&9avian may be includ$ ! v e>ly ,russian s*ool ( ornam5tal woodwork4 ,be=e ! accession ( ! ,roman(f dyna/y 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 ! ,ruric race ( k+s came orig9ally f ,f9l&1 !n a prov9ce ( ,sw$52 &1 s f> z "o c see f old illum9at$ manuscripts1 !re 0 a simil>ity ( design to ^? ( ! e>ly ,norwegian & ,sw$i% c>v$ l9tels :i* h be5 notic$ above4 ,illu/ration3 ,c>v$ ,wood ,*air1 ,sc&9avian ,"w4 ,p]iod3 #ab? to #ac? ,c5tury4 ,! cov]s & caskets ( e>ly m$iaeval times 7 no inconsid]able items 9 ! valuable furniture ( a p]iod :5 ! li/ ( articles com+ "u t def9ition 0 s limit$4 ,^! 7 made 9 oak = g5]al use1 & "s 7 ( good workman%ip2 b ( ! v e>lie/ none rema94 ,!re 71 h[ev]1 o!rs1 small] & ( a special "*1 made 9 ivory ( ! walrus & elephant1 ( horn & :alebone1 besides ^? ( metal4 ,9 ! ,briti% ,museum is "o ( ^!1 ( :i* ! cov] is illu/rat$ on ! foll[+ page1 repres5t+ a man def5d+ 8 h\se aga9/ an attack by enemies arm$ ) spe>s & %ields4 ,o!r p>ts ( ! casket are c>v$ ) subjects & runic inscriptions :i* h enabl$ ,mr4 ,/eph5s1 an au?ority on ?is p]iod ( ar*ology1 to assign its date to ! eigh? c5tury1 & its manufacture to t ( ,nor?umbria4 ,x mo/ probably repres5ts a local incid5t1 & "p ( ! inscription ref]s to a ^w signify+ trea*]y4 ,x 0 pur*as$ by ,mr4 ,a4,w4 ,franks1 ,f4,s4,a41 & is "o ( ! _m valuable specim5s giv5 to ! ,briti% ,museum by its g5]\s curator4 ,illu/ration3 ,cov] ( a ,casket ,c>v$ 9 ,:alebone4 7,nor?umbrian1 #h? ,c5tury4 ,briti% ,museum47 ,( ! furniture ( our own c\ntry previ\s to ! elev5? or twelf? c5turies we "k b little4 ,! habits ( ! ,anglo-,saxons 7 rude & simple1 & !y advanc$ b sl[ly 9 civilisation until aft] ! ,norman invasion4 ,to convey1 h[ev]1 to our m9ds "s idea ( ! int]ior ( a ,saxon ?ane's ca/le1 we may avail ourselves ( ,sir ,walt] ,scott's antiqu>ian rese>*1 & borr[ 8 description ( ! *ief ap>tm5t 9 ,ro!rwood1 ! hospitable hall ( ,c$ric ! ,saxon4 ,?\gh ! "t treat$ ( 9 ,ivanhoe is q at ! end ( ! twelf? c5tury1 yet we h 9 ,c$ric a type ( man :o w\ld h glori$ 9 reta9+ ! cu/oms ( 8 ance/ors1 :o dete/$ & despis$ ! new-fa%ion$ mann]s ( 8 conqu]ors1 & :o came ( a race t _h probably done v little 9 ! way ( refurni%+ = "s g5]ations4 ,if1 !re=e1 we h ! read]'s p>don = rely+ ^u ! mise en scne ( a novel = an au?ority1 we %all imag9e ! m easily :at k9d ( furniture our ,anglo-,saxon =efa!rs indulg$ 94 ,illu/ration3 ,saxon ,h\se ( #i? or #aj? ,c5tury4 7,f ! ,h>leian ,,mss4 9 ! ,briti% ,museum47 ,9 a hall1 ! height ( :i* 0 greatly disproportion$ to its extreme l5g? & wid?1 a long oak5 table--=m$ ( planks r\gh hewn f ! =e/1 & :i* _h sc>cely receiv$ any poli%--/ood ready prep>$ = ! ev5+ meal4444 ,on ! sides ( ! ap>tm5t hung implem5ts ( w> & ( ! *ase1 & !re 7 at ea* corn] fold+ doors :i* gave access to ! o!r p>ts ( ! ext5sive build+4 ,! o!r appo9tm5ts ( ! mansion p>took ( ! rude simplicity ( ! ,saxon p]iod1 :i* ,c$ric piqu$ himself ^u ma9ta9+4 ,! floor 0 compos$ ( e>? mix$ ) lime1 trodd5 into a h>d sub/ance1 su* z is (t5 employ$ 9 floor+ our mod]n b>ns4 ,= ab\t "o qu>t] ( ! l5g? ( ! ap>tm5t1 ! floor 0 rais$ by a /ep1 & ?is space1 :i* 0 call$ ! das1 0 occupi$ only by ! pr9cipal memb]s ( ! family & visitors ( di/9ction4 ,= ?is purpose a table ri*ly cov]$ ) sc>let clo? 0 plac$ transv]sely across ! plat=m1 f ! middle ( :i* ran ! long] & l[] bo>d1 at :i* ! dome/ics & inf]ior p]sons f$1 d[n t[>ds ! bottom ( ! hall4 ,! :ole resembl$ ! =m ( ! lett] b,t_/b1 or "s ( ^? anci5t d9n] tables :i*1 arrang$ on ! same pr9ciples1 may /ill be se5 9 ! anci5t colleges ( ,ox=d & ,cambridge4 ,massive *airs & settles ( c>v$ oak 7 plac$ ^u ! das1 & ov] ^! seats & ! elevat$ table 0 fa/5$ a canopy ( clo?1 :i* s]v$ 9 "s degree to protect ! dignit>ies :o occupi$ t di/+ui%$ /ation f ! wea!r1 & especially f ! ra91 :i* 9 "s places f\nd its way ?r\gh ! ill-con/ruct$ ro(4 ,! walls ( ?is upp] end ( ! hall1 z f> z ! das ext5d$1 7 cov]$ ) hang+s or curta9s1 & ^u ! floor !re 0 a c>pet1 bo? ( :i* 7 adorn$ ) "s attempts at tape/ry or embroid]y1 execut$ ) brilliant or r gaudy col\r+4 ,ov] ! l[] range ( table ! ro( _h no cov]+1 ! r\gh pla/]$ walls 7 left b>e1 ! rude e>!n floor 0 unc>pet$1 ! bo>d 0 uncov]$ by a clo?1 & rude massive b5*es suppli$ ! place ( *airs4 ,9 ! c5tre ( ! upp] table 7 plac$ two *airs m elevat$ ?an ! re/1 = ! ma/] & mi/ress ( ! family4 ,to ea* ( ^! 0 add$ a foot/ool curi\sly c>v$ & inlaid ) ivory1 :i* m>k ( di/9ction 0 peculi> to !m4 ,a draw+ 9 ! ,h>leian ,,mss4 9 ! ,briti% ,museum is %ewn on page #be1 illu/rat+ a ,saxon mansion 9 ! n9? or t5? c5tury4 ,!re is ! hall 9 ! c5tre1 ) *amb] & b[] on ei!r side2 !re be+ only a gr\nd floor1 z 9 ! e>li] ,roman h\ses4 ,accord+ to ,mr4 ,wright1 ,f4,s4,a41 :o has writt5 on ! subject ( ,anglo-,saxon mann]s & cu/oms1 !re 0 only "o in/ance record$ ( an upp] floor at ?is p]iod1 & t 0 9 an acc\nt ( an accid5t :i* happ5$ to ! h\se 9 :i* ! ,witan or ,c\ncil ( ,/4 ,dun/an met1 :51 accord+ to ! anci5t *ronicle :i* he quotes1 ! ,c\ncil fell f an upp] floor1 & ,/4 ,dun/an sav$ himself f a simil> fate by support+ 8 weight on a beam4 ,! illu/ration "h giv5 %ews ! ,anglo-,saxon *iefta9 /&+ at ! door ( 8 hall1 ) 8 lady1 di/ribut+ food to ! ne$y poor4 ,o!r woodcuts repres5t ,anglo-,saxon b$/eads1 :i* 7 little bett] ?an rais$ wood5 boxes1 ) sacks ( /raw plac$ !re91 & ^! 7 g5]ally 9 recesses4 ,!re are old inv5tories & wills 9 exi/5ce :i* %ew t "s value & importance 0 atta*$ to ^! primitive contrivances1 :i* at ?is e>ly p]iod 9 our hi/ory 7 ! luxuries ( only a few p]sons ( high rank4 ,a c]ta9 w recites t ! b$-clo!s 7b$-reafes7 ) a curta9 7hyrite7 & %eet 7hepp-scrytan71 & all t !reto belongs1 %\ld be giv5 to 8 son4 ,9 ! acc\nt ( ! murd] ( ,k+ ,a!lb]t by ! ,que5 ( ,k+ ,(fa1 z told by ,rog] ( ,w5dov]1 we read ( ! ,que5 ord]+ a *amb] to be made ready = ! ,royal gue/1 :i* 0 adorn$ = ! occasion ) :at 0 !n consid]$ sumptu\s furniture4 ,ne> ! ,k+'s b$ %e caus$ a seat to be prep>$1 magnific5tly deck$ & surr\nd$ ) curta9s1 & und]nea? x ! wick$ woman caus$ a deep pit to be dug4 ,! au?or f :om ! above translation is quot$ adds ) grim hum\r1 ,x is cle> t ?is room 0 on ! gr\nd floor4 ,illu/ration3 ,anglo ,saxon ,furniture ( ,ab\t ! ,t5? ,c5tury4 7,f old ,,mss4 9 ! ,briti% ,museum47 #a4 ,a ,dr9k+ ,p>ty4 #b4 ,a ,d9n] ,p>ty1 9 :i* ! att5dants are s]v+ ! meal on ! spits on :i* x has be5 cook$4 #c4 ,anglo-,saxon ,b$s4 ,!re are 9 ! ,briti% ,museum o!r old manuscripts ^: illu/rations h be5 laid "u contribution repres5t+ m innoc5t occupations ( our ,anglo-,saxon =efa!rs4 ,! seat on ! dis1 an ,anglo-,saxon dr9k+ p>ty1 & o!r illu/rations :i* are 9 exi/5ce1 prove g5]ally t1 :5 ! meal _h f9i%$1 ! table 0 remov$ & dr9k+ vessels 7 h&$ r\nd f gue/ to gue/2 ! /orytell]s1 ! m9/rels1 & ! gleem5 7conjur]s7 or je/]s1 beguil+ ! fe/ive h\r by _! diff]5t p]=mances4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,seat on ,! ,das4 ,illu/ration3 ,saxon ,/ate ,b$4 ,"s ( ^! ,anglo-,saxon h\ses _h =m]ly be5 ! villas ( ! ,romans dur+ _! occupation1 alt]$ & modifi$ to suit ! habits & ta/es ( _! lat] possessors4 ,"l ,lytton has giv5 u1 9 ! fir/ *apt] ( 8 novel ,h>old1 ! description ( "o ( su* ,saxonis$ ,roman h\ses1 9 8 ref]5ce to ,hilda's abode4 ,! gradual influ5ce ( ,norman civilisation1 h[ev]1 _h its effect1 ?\gh ! unsettl$ /ate ( ! c\ntry prev5t$ any rapid developm5t ( indu/rial arts4 ,! feudal sy/em by :i* e p[]ful b>on became a petty sov]eign1 (t5 at w> ) 8 neighb\r1 r5d]$ x necess>y t h\sehold treasures %\ld be few & easily transport$ or hidd51 & ! e>lie/ oak *e/s :i* are /ill pres]v$ date f ab\t ?is "t4 ,b$/eads 7 n usual1 except = k+s1 que5s1 & great ladies2 tape/ry cov]$ ! walls1 & ! floors 7 g5]ally s&$4 ,z ! c\ntry became m calm1 & security = prop]ty m assur$1 ?is com=tless /ate ( liv+ disappe>$2 ! dress ( ladies 0 ri*]1 & ! g5]al habits ( ! upp] classes 7 m ref9$4 ,/airs 7 introduc$ into h\ses1 ! p>loir or talk+ room 0 add$1 & fire places 7 made 9 "s ( ! rooms1 ( brick or /onework1 :]e previ\sly ! smoke 0 all[$ to escape ?r\gh an ap]ture 9 ! ro(4 ,b$/eads 7 c>v$ & drap$ ) ri* hang+s4 ,armoires made ( oak & enri*$ ) c>v+1 & ,presses date f ab\t ! end ( ! elev5? c5tury4 ,illu/ration3 ,engli% ,fold+ ,*air1 #ad? ,c5tury4#c ,illu/ration3 ,cradle ,( ,h5ry ,v4 ,x 0 dur+ ! reign ( ,h5ry ,,iii41 #abaf-abgb1 t wood-panell+ 0 fir/ us$ = rooms1 & consid]able progress g5]ally appe>s to h be5 made ab\t ?is p]iod4 ,eleanor ( ,prov5ce1 :om ! ,k+ m>ri$ 9 #abcf1 enc\rag$ m luxury 9 ! homes ( ! b>ons & c\rti]s4 ,mr4 ,hung]=d ,poll5 has quot$ a royal precept :i* 0 promulgat$ 9 ?is ye>1 & x pla9ly %[s t our ance/ors 7 becom+ m ref9$ 9 _! ta/es4 ,! t]ms ( ?is precept 7 z foll[s1 viz41 ! ,k+'s great *amb] at ,we/m9/] be pa9t$ a gre5 col\r l a curta91 t 9 ! great gable or frontispiece ( ! said *amb]1 a ,fr5* inscription %\ld be pa9t$1 & t ! ,k+'s little w>drobe %\ld be pa9t$ ( a gre5 col\r to imitate a curta94 ,9 ano!r #ajj or #aej ye>s we f9d m$iaeval ,art approa*+ its be/ p]iod1 n only 9 ,engl&1 b 9 ! great ,flemi% cities1 su* z ,bruges & ,gh5t1 :i* 9 ! ?irte5? & f\rte5? c5turies play$ s important a "p 9 ! hi/ory ( t "t4 ,! ta/e = ,go?ic ar*itecture _h n[ well set 91 & we f9d t 9 ?is z 9 e *ange ( /yle1 ! fa%ion 9 woodwork naturally foll[$ t ( ornam5t 9 /one2 inde$1 9 _m cases x is m ?an probable t ! same h&s :i* plann$ ! ca!dral or mona/]y also drew ! designs = furniture1 especially z ! f9e/ specim5s ( wood-c>v+ 7 devot$ to ! s]vice ( ! *ur*4 ,! examples1 !re=e1 ( ! woodwork ( ?is p]iod to :i* we h access are f\nd to be mo/ly ( ,go?ic patt]n1 ) qua9t di/ort$ conceptions ( animals & reptiles1 adapt$ to ornam5t ! /ructural "p ( ! furniture1 or = ! enri*m5t ( ! panels4 ,to ! end ( ! ?irte5? c5tury belongs ! ,coronation *air made = ,k+ ,edw>d ,i41 #abif-acjj1 & n[ 9 ,we/m9/] ,abbey4 ,?is hi/oric relic is ( oak1 & ! woodcut on ! foll[+ page gives an idea ( ! design & decorative c>v+4 ,x is said t ! p9nacles on ea* side ( ! gabl$ back 7 =m]ly surm\nt$ by two leop>ds1 ( :i* only small portions rema94 ,! fam\s ,coronation /one :i*1 accord+ to anci5t leg5d1 is ! id5tical "o on :i* ! patri>* ,jacob re/$ 8 head at ,be!l1 :5 he t>ri$ !re all night because ! sun 0 set1 & he took ( ! /ones ( t place & put !m up = 8 pill[s1 ,g54 xxviii41 c be se5 ?r\gh ! quatrefoil op5+s "u ! seat4#d ,! c>v$ lions :i* support ! *air are n orig9al1 b mod]n "w2 & 7 regilt 9 hon\r ( ! ,jubilee ( ,h] ,maje/y 9 #ahhg1 :5 ! *air 0 la/ us$4 ,! re/ ( ! *air n[ %[s ! natural col\r ( ! oak1 except ! arms1 :i* h a slight padd+ on !m4 ,! wood 01 h[ev]1 =m]ly cov]$ ) a coat+ ( pla/]1 gild$ ov]1 & x is probably due to ?is protection t x is n[ 9 su* excell5t pres]vation4 ,/&+ by its side 9 ,h5ry ,,iii4's ,*apel 9 ,we/m9/] ,abbey is ano!r *air1 simil>1 b lack+ ! trefoil ,go?ic ar*es1 :i* are c>v$ on ! sides ( ! orig9al *air2 ?is 0 made = & us$ by ,m>y1 daught] ( ,james ,,ii4 & wife ( ,william ,,iii41 on ! occasion ( _! d\ble coronation4 ,mr4 ,hung]=d ,poll5 has giv5 u a long description ( ?is *air1 ) quotations f ! diff]5t hi/orical notices :i* h appe>$ conc]n+ x4 ,! foll[+ is an extract :i* he has tak5 f an old writ]3 ,x appe>s t ! ,k+ int5d$1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 to make ! *air 9 bronze1 & t ,eldam1 ! ,k+'s workman1 _h actually begun x4 ,inde$1 "s p>ts 7 ev5 f9i%$1 & tools b\ght = ! cle>+ up ( ! ca/+4 ,h[ev]1 ! ,k+ *ang$ 8 m9d1 & we h accord+ly #ajjs4 paid = a *air 9 wood1 made aft] ! same patt]n z ! "o :i* 0 to be ca/ 9 copp]2 also #acs4 #d;d4 = c>v+1 pa9t+1 & gild+ two small leop>ds 9 wood1 :i* 7 deliv]$ to ,ma/] ,walt]1 ! ,k+'s pa9t]1 to be plac$ ^u & on ei!r side ( ! *air made by him4 ,! w>drobe acc\nt ( #bi? ,ed4 ,i4 %[s t ,ma/] ,walt] 0 paid #a #ais4 #g;d4 '= mak+ a /ep at ! foot ( ! new *air 9 :i* ! ,scotti% /one is plac$2 & = ! wages ( ! c>p5t]s & ( ! pa9t]s1 & = col\rs & gold employ$1 & = ! mak+ a cov]+ to cov] ! said *air4' ,illu/ration3 ,coronation ,*air4 ,we/m9/] ,abbey4 ,9 #acbh1 ,june #a1 !re is a royal writ ord]+ ! abbot to deliv] up ! /one to ! ,%]iff ( ,london1 to be c>ri$ to ! ,que5-,"m2 h[ev]1 x nev] w5t4 ,! *air has be5 us$ ^u ! occasion ( e coronation s9ce t "t1 except 9 ! case ( ,m>y1 :o is said to h us$ a *air specially s5t by ! ,pope = ! occasion4 ,illu/ration3 ,*air 9 ! ,ve/ry ( ,york ,m9/]4 ,late #ad? c5tury4 ,! above draw+ ( a *air 9 ,york ,m9/]1 & ! two m ?rone-l seats on ! full-page illu/ration1 w s]ve to %ew ! be/ k9d ( ornam5tal ,ecclesia/ical furniture ( ! f\rte5? c5tury4 ,9 ! *oir ( ,cant]bury ,ca!dral !re is a *air :i* has play$ its "p 9 hi/ory1 &1 al?\gh e>li] ?an ! above1 x may be conv5i5tly m5tion$ "h4 ,?is is ! ,ar*bi%op's ?rone1 & x is also call$ ! *air ( ,/4 ,augu/9e4 ,accord+ to leg5d1 ! ,saxon k+s 7 cr[n$ !re91 b x is probably n e>li] ?an ! ?irte5? c5tury4 ,x is an excell5t piece ( /onework1 ) a %ap$ back & arms1 reliev$ f be+ q pla9 by ! back & sides be+ panell$ ) a c>v$ m\ld+4 ,illu/ration3 ,*air4 ,9 ,/4 ,m>y's ,hall1 ,cov5try4 ,*air4 ,f an ,old ,engli% ,mona/]y4 ,p]iod3 ,,xv4 ,c5tury4 ,p5%ur/ ,place1 ne> ,tonbridge1 ! resid5ce ( ,"l de l',isle & ,dudley1 ! hi/oric home ( ! ,sydneys1 is almo/ an unique example ( :at a weal?y ,engli% g5tleman's c\ntry h\se 0 ab\t ! "t ( :i* we are writ+1 say ! middle ( ! f\rte5? c5tury1 or dur+ ! reign ( ,edw>d ,,iii4 ,by ! c\rtesy ( ,"l de l',isle1 ! writ] has be5 all[$ to exam9e _m objects ( great int]e/ !re1 & f ! c>eful pres]vation ( _m orig9al fitt+s & articles ( furniture1 "o may /ill ga9 "s idea ( ! hall z x !n appe>$1 :5 t "p ( ! h\se 0 ! sc5e ( ! *ief ev5ts 9 ! life ( ! family--! rais$ das = ho/ & hon\r$ gue/s1 ! bett] table :i* 0 plac$ !re 7illu/rat$7 & ! common] ones = ! body ( ! hall2 & ?\gh ! anci5t buffet :i* display$ ! gold & silv] cups is gone1 "o c see :]e x w\ld h /ood4 ,p5%ur/ is said to possess ! only he>? ( ! "t n[ rema9+ 9 ,engl&1 an octagonal space edg$ ) /one 9 ! c5tre ( ! hall1 ov] :i* 0 once ! simple op5+ = ! outlet ( smoke ?r\gh ! ro(1 & ! old &irons or fir$ogs are /ill !re4 ,illu/ration3 ,/&+ ,table at ,p5%ur/1 ,/ill on ! ,das 9 ! ,hall4 ,illu/ration3 ,b$room 9 :i* a ,knight & ,8 ,lady are ,seat$4 7,f a ,m9iature 9 ,o!a1 a ,poem by ,*ri/9e de ,pisan4 ,,xiv4 ,c5tury1 ,fr5*47 ,an idea ( ! furniture ( an ap>tm5t 9 ,france dur+ ! f\rte5? c5tury is convey$ by ! above illu/ration1 & x is v useful1 because1 al?\gh we h on record _m descriptions ( ! appe>ance ( ! furniture ( /ate ap>tm5ts1 we h v few au!nticat$ acc\nts ( ! way 9 :i* su* dome/ic *amb]s z ! "o occupi$ by a knight & 8 lady 7 arrang$4 ,! prie dieu *air 0 g5]ally at ! b$side1 & _h a seat :i* lift$ up1 ! l[] "p =m+ a box-l receptacle = devotional books !n s regul>ly us$ by a lady ( ! "t4 ,illu/ration3 ,b$/ead & ,*air 9 ,c>v$ ,oak4 ,f ,m9iatures 9 ! ,royal ,libr>y1 ,brussels4 ,p]iod3 ,,xiv4 ,c5tury4 ,t[>ds ! end ( ! f\rte5? c5tury !re 0 9 high qu>t]s a ta/e = bright & ri* col\r+2 we h ! te/imony ( an old writ] :o describes ! int]ior ( ! ,hotel de ,bohme1 :i* aft] hav+ be5 ! resid5ce ( sev]al great p]sonages 0 giv5 by ,*>les ,,vi4 ( ,france 9 #achh to 8 bro!r ! ,duke ( ,orleans4 ,9 ?is palace 0 a room us$ by ! duke1 hung ) clo? ( gold1 bord]$ ) v]milion velvet embroid]$ ) roses2 ! du*ess _h a room hung ) v]milion sat9 embroid]$ ) crossb[s1 :i* 7 on h] coat ( arms2 t ( ! ,duke ( ,burgundy 0 hung ) clo? ( gold embroid]$ ) w9dmills4 ,!re 7 besides eight c>pets ( glossy texture ) gold fl[]s1 "o repres5t+ '! sev5 virtues & sev5 vices1' ano!r ! hi/ory ( ,*>lemagne1 ano!r t ( ,sa9t ,l\is4 ,!re 7 also cu%ions ( clo? ( gold1 tw5ty-f\r pieces ( v]milion lea!r ( ,aragon1 & f\r c>pets ( ,aragon lea!r1 'to be plac$ on ! floor ( rooms 9 summ]4' ,! fav\rite arm-*air ( ! ,pr9cess is ?us describ$ 9 an inv5tory--'a *amb] *air ) f\r supports1 pa9t$ 9 f9e v]milion1 ! seat & arms ( :i* are cov]$ 9 v]milion morocco1 or cordovan1 work$ & /amp$ ) designs repres5t+ ! sun1 birds1 & o!r devices bord]$ ) fr+es ( silk & /udd$ ) nails4' ,! ?irte5? & f\rte5? c5turies _h be5 rem>kable = a g5]al developm5t ( comm]ce3 m]*ants ( ,v5ice1 ,g5eva1 ,flor5ce1 ,milan1 ,gh5t1 ,bruges1 ,antw]p1 & _m o!r fam\s cities _h trad$ ext5sively ) ! ,ea/ & _h gr[n opul5t1 & _! homes naturally %[$ signs ( weal? & com=t t 9 =m] times _h be5 impossible to any b pr9ces & ri* nobles4 ,laws _h be5 made 9 answ] to ! compla9ts ( ! ari/ocracy to place "s curb on ! gr[+ ambition ( ! b\rgeoisie2 ?us we f9d an old edict 9 ! reign ( ,philippe ! ,fair 7#abhe-acad7--,no b\rgeois %all h a *>iot1 nor we> gold1 preci\s /ones1 nor cr[ns ( gold & silv]4 ,b\rgeois n be+ prelates or dignit>ies ( /ate %all n h tap]s ( wax4 ,a b\rgeois possess+ #b1jjj p\nds 7t\rnois7 or m1 may ord] = himself a dress ( #abe s\s #f d5i]s1 & = 8 wife "o wor? #af s\s at ! mo/1 etc41 etc41 etc4 ,?is & _m o!r simil> regulations 7 made 9 va92 ! trad+ classes became m & m p[]ful1 & we quote ! description ( a furni%$ ap>tm5t 9 ,p4 ,lacroix's ,mann]s & ,cu/oms ( ! ,middle ,ages4 ,! walls 7 hung ) preci\s tape/ry ( ,cyprus1 on :i* ! initials & motto ( ! lady 7 embroid]$1 ! %eets 7 ( f9e l95 ( ,rheims1 & _h co/ m ?an #cjj p\nds1 ! quilt 0 a new inv5tion ( silk & silv] tissue1 ! c>pet 0 l gold4 ,! lady wore an elegant dress ( crimson silk1 & re/$ h] head & arms on pill[s ornam5t$ ) buttons ( ori5tal pe>ls4 ,x %\ld be rem>k$ t ?is lady 0 n ! wife ( a great m]*ant1 su* z ^? ( ,v5ice & ,g5oa1 b ( a simple retail deal] :o 0 n above sell+ articles = #d s\s2 su* be+ ! case1 we _c wond] t ,*ri/9e de ,pisan %\ld h consid]$ ! anecdote 'wor?y ( be+ immortaliz$ 9 a book4' ,illu/ration3 ,! ,new ,born ,infant4 ,%ew+ ! int]ior ( an ,ap>tm5t at ! end ( ! #ad? or comm5cem5t ( ! #ae? c5tury4 7,f a ,m9iature 9 ,hi/oire de la ,belle ,hla9e1 ,national ,libr>y ( ,p>is7 ,z we approa* ! end ( ! f\rte5? c5tury1 we f9d canopies add$ to ! *aires or *ay]s dors]et1 :i* 7 c>v$ 9 oak or *esnut1 & sometimes elaborately gild$ & pick$ out 9 color4 ,! canopi$ seats 7 v bulky & ?rone-l con/ructions1 & 7 ab&on$ t[>ds ! end ( ! fifte5? c5tury2 & x is wor?y ( notice t ?\gh we h reta9$ our ^w *air1 adopt$ f ! ,norman ,fr5*1 ! ,fr5* p disc>d$ _! synonym 9 fav\r ( its dim9utive *aise to describe ! some:at small] & less massive seat :i* came into use 9 ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,illu/ration3 ,portrait ( ,*ri/9e de ,pisan1 ,seat$ on a ,canopi$ ,*air ( c>v$ wood1 ! back l9$ ) tape/ry4 7,f ,m9iature on ,,ms41 9 ! ,burgundy ,libr>y1 ,brussels47 ,p]iod3 ,,xv4 ,c5tury4 ,! skill$ artisans ( ,p>is _h arriv$ at a v high degree ( excell5ce 9 ! f\rte5? c5tury1 & 9 old docum5ts describ+ valuable articles ( furniture1 c>e is tak5 to note t !y are ( ,p>isian workman%ip4 ,accord+ to ,lacroix1 !re is an acc\nt ( ! c\rt silv]smi?1 ,eti5ne ,la ,fonta9e1 :i* gives u an idea ( ! am\nt ( extravagance sometimes committ$ 9 ! manufacture & decorations ( a *air1 into :i* x 0 !n ! fa%ion to introduce ! incru/ation ( preci\s /ones2 ?us = mak+ a silv] arm *air & ornam5t+ x ) pe>ls1 cry/als1 & o!r /ones1 he *>g$ ! ,k+ ( ,france1 9 #aceb1 no less a sum ?an #ggd l\is4 ,! use ( ri* embroid]ies at /ate banquets & on gr& occasions appe>s to h comm5c$ dur+ ! reign ( ,l\is ,,ix4--,sa9t ,l\is1 z he is call$--& ^! 7 ri*ly emblazon$ ) arms & devices4 ,inde$1 x 0 probably due to ! fa%ion = ri* /uffs & cov]+s ( tables1 & ( velvet embroid]$ cu%ions = ! *airs1 t ! practice ( mak+ furniture ( ! preci\s metals di$ out1 & c>v$ wood came into fav\r4 ,illu/ration3 ,/ate ,banquet1 ) ,att5dant ,musicians4 7,f ,m9iatures 9 ! ,national ,libr>y1 ,p>is47 ,p]iod3 ,,xv4 ,c5tury4 ,*airs ( ?is p]iod appe> only to h be5 us$ on v special occasions2 inde$ !y 7 too cumb]some to be easily mov$ f place to place1 & 9 a m9iature f "s ,,mss4 ( ! e>ly "p ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 :i* repres5ts a /ate banquet1 ! gue/s are seat$ on a long b5* ) a back c>v$ 9 ! ,go?ic ornam5t ( ! "t4 ,9 ,skeat's ,diction>y1 our mod]n ^w banquet is said to be d]iv$ f ! banes or b5*es us$ on ^! occasions4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,high ,back$ ,*air1 9 ,c>v$ ,oak 7,go?ic ,/yle74 ,p]iod3 ,,xv4 ,c5tury4 ,fr5*4 ,illu/ration3 ,m$iaeval ,b$ & ,b$room4 7,f ,viollet-le-,duc47 ,p]iod3 ,,xiv4 to ,,xv4 ,c5tury4 ,fr5*4 ,! great hall ( ! ,k+'s ,palace1 :]e su* an ent]ta9m5t z t giv5 by ,*>les ,v4 to ! ,emp]or ,*>les ( ,luxemburg w\ld take place1 0 also furni%$ ) ?ree dressoirs = ! display ( ! gold & silv] dr9k+ cups1 & vases ( ! "t2 ! repa/ itself 0 s]v$ ^u a m>ble table1 & above ! seat ( ea* ( ! pr9ces pres5t 0 a sep>ate canopy ( gold clo? embroid]$ ) fleur de lis4 ,illu/ration3 ,scribe or ,copyi/4 ,work+ at 8 desk 9 a room 9 :i* are a read+ desk & a *e/ ) manuscript4 7,f an ,old ,m9ature7 ,p]iod3 ,,xv4 ,c5tury4 ,! furniture ( ord9>y h\ses ( ?is p]iod 0 v simple4 ,*e/s1 m or less c>v$1 & ornam5t$ ) iron "w1 settles ( oak or ( *e/nut1 /ools or b5*es ) c>v$ supports1 a b$/ead & a prie dieu *air1 a table ) pla9 slab support$ on %ap$ /&>ds1 w\ld ne>ly supply ! inv5tory ( ! furniture ( ! *ief room 9 a h\se ( a well-to-d m]*ant 9 ,france until ! f\rte5? c5tury _h turn$4 ,! table 0 n>r[1 app>5tly n m ?an "s #cj in*es wide1 & gue/s sat on "o side only1 ! s]vice tak+ place f ! unoccupi$ side ( ! table4 ,9 palaces & b>onial halls ! s]vants ) di%es 7 foll[$ by musicians1 z %ewn 9 an old-m9iature ( ! "t1 reproduc$ on p4 #ci4 ,turn+ to ,g]man "w ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 !re is a ca/ ( ! fam\s *oir /alls 9 ! ,ca!dral ( ,ulm1 :i* are consid]$ ! f9e/ "w ( ! ,swabian s*ool ( ,g]man wood c>v+4 ,! magnific5t panel ( foliage on ! front1 ! ,go?ic triple canopy ) ! bu/s ( ,isaiah1 ,david1 & ,daniel1 are ?or\ghly *>act]i/ic specim5s ( design2 & ! signature ( ! arti/1 ,jorg ,syrl91 ) date #adfh1 are c>v$ on ! "w4 ,!re 7 orig9ally #hi *oir /alls1 & ! "w occupi$ ! ma/] f ! date m5tion$1 #adfh1 until #adgd4 ,! illu/rations ( ! two *airs ( ,g]man ,go?ic furniture =m]ly 9 "s ( ! old ca/les1 are good examples ( _! "t1 & are f draw+s made on ! spot by ,pr(4 ,heidel(f4 ,illu/ration3 ,two ,g]man ,*airs 7,late #ae? ,c5tury74 7,f ,draw+s made 9 ,old ,g]man ,ca/les by ,pr(4 ,heidel(f47 ,!re are 9 our ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum "s full-siz$ pla/] ca/s ( important specim5s ( woodwork ( ! fifte5? & two previ\s c5turies1 & be+ ( au!nticat$ dates1 we c comp>e !m ) ! "w ( ! same c\ntries aft] ! ,r5aissance _h be5 adopt$ & _h completely alt]$ design4 ,?us 9 ,italy !re 01 until ! latt] "p ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 a mixture ( ,byzant9e & ,go?ic ( :i* we c see a capital example 9 ! ca/s ( ! celebrat$ ,pulpit 9 ! ,bapti/ry ( ,pisa1 ! date ( :i* is #abfj4 ,! pill>s are support$ by lions1 :i*1 in/ead ( be+ introduc$ h]aldically into ! design1 z w\ld be ! case "s two hundr$ ye>s lat]1 are be>+ ! :ole weight ( ! pill>s & an enorm\s sup]/ructure on ! holl[ ( _! backs 9 a mo/ impossible mann]4 ,! sp&ril ( ea* ar* is fill$ ) a sa9t 9 a grotesque position among/ ,go?ic foliage1 & !re is 9 _m respects a m>k$ contra/ to ! ca/s ( examples ( ! ,r5aissance p]iod :i* are 9 ! ,museum4 ,illu/ration3 ,c>v$ ,oak ,buffet 9 ,go?ic ,/yle 7,viollet le ,duc74 ,p]iod3 ,,xv4 ,c5tury4 ,fr5*4 ,?is transition f ,m$iaeval & ,go?ic1 to ,r5aissance1 is cle>ly noticeable 9 ! woodwork ( _m ca!drals & *ur*es 9 ,engl& & 9 cont95tal cities4 ,x is evid5t t ! *airs1 /alls1 & pulpits 9 _m ( ^! build+s h be5 execut$ at diff]5t times1 & ! *ange f "o /yle to ano!r is m or less m>k$4 ,! ,flemi% buffet "h illu/rat$ is an example ( ?is transition1 & may be contra/$ ) ! ,fr5* ,go?ic buffet ref]r$ to 9 ! foll[+ p>agraph4 ,!re is also 9 ! c5tral hall ( ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum a pla/] ca/ ( a c>v$ wood alt> /all 9 ! ,abbey ( ,sa9t ,d5is1 ,france3 ! pila/]s at ! sides h ! famili> ,go?ic p9nacles1 :ile ! panels are ornam5t$ ) arabesques1 scrolls1 & an int]ior 9 ! ,r5aissance /yle2 ! date ( ?is is late 9 ! fifte5? c5tury4 ,! buffet on page #dc is an excell5t specim5 ( ! be/ fifte5? c5tury ,fr5* ,go?ic oak "w1 & ! woodcut %[s ! arrangem5t ( gold & silv] plate on ! :ite l95 clo? ) embroid]$ ends1 9 use at ?is "t4 ,illu/ration3 ,c>v$ ,oak ,table4 ,p]iod3 ,late ,,xv4 or ,e>ly ,,xvi4 ,c5tury4 ,fr5*4 ,illu/ration3 ,flemi% ,buffet4 ,( ,c>v$ ,oak2 op5 bel[ ) panell$ cupbo>ds above4 ,! back evid5tly ( lat] "w1 aft] ! ,r5aissance _h set 94 7,f a ,photo1 by ,messrs4 ,r4 ,sutton ,co4 f ! ,orig9al 9 ! ,s4 ,k5s+ton ,museum47 ,p]iod3 ,go?ic ,to ,r5aissance1 ,,xv4 ,c5tury4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,tape/ri$ ,room 9 a ,fr5* ,*ateau1 ,) ,oak ,*e/s z ,seats4 ,illu/ration3 ,c>v$ ,oak ,seat1 ,) moveable ,backre/1 9 front ( ,fireplace4 ,p]iod3 ,late ,,xv4 ,c5tury4 ,fr5*4 ,we h n[ arriv$ at a p]iod 9 ! hi/ory ( furniture :i* is confus$1 & difficult to arrange & classify4 ,f ! end ( ! f\rte5? c5tury to ! ,r5aissance is a "t ( transition1 & specim5s may be easily mi/ak5 z be+ ( an e>li] or lat] date ?an !y really are4 ,m4 ,jacquem>t notices ?is gap1 ?\gh he fixes its duration f ! ?irte5? to ! fifte5? c5tury1 & he quotes z an in/ance ( ! indecision :i* *>act]is$ ?is int]val1 t work]s 9 furniture 7 describ$ 9 diff]5t t]ms2 ! words c(f] mak]1 c>p5t]1 & hu*i] 7trunk-mak]7 frequ5tly occurr+ to describe ! same class ( artisan4 ,x is only lat] t ! ^w m5uisi]1 or jo9]1 appe>s1 & we mu/ ent] ^u ! p]iod ( ! ,r5aissance be=e we f9d ! t]m cab9et mak]1 & lat] /ill1 aft] ! end ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 we h su* ma/]s ( _! craft z ,ries5] describ$ z eb5i/es1 ! ^w be+ d]iv$ f ebony1 :i*1 ) o!r ea/]n woods1 came into use aft] ! ,dut* settlem5t 9 ,ceylon4 ,jacquem>t also notices ! fact t z e>ly z #acfj we h record ( a speciali/1 ,jehan ,petrot1 z a *essbo>d mak]4 ,illu/ration3 ,int]ior ( ,an ,apo!c>y's ,%op4 ,late ,,xiv4 or ,e>ly ,,xv4 ,c5tury4 ,flemi%4 7,f an ,old ,pa9t+47 ,illu/ration3 ,c\rt ( ! ,ladies ( ,que5 ,anne ( ,brittany4 7,f a ,m9iature 9 ! ,libr>y ( ,/4 ,pet]sburg7 ,repres5t+ ! ,que5 weep+ on acc\nt ( h] ,husb&'s abs5ce dur+ ! ,italian ,w>4 ,p]iod3 ,,xv4 ,c5tury4 ,*apt] ,,iii4 ,! ,r5aissance4 ,,! ,,r5aissance ,,9 ,,italy3 ,leon>do da ,v9ci & ,raffaele--,*ur* ( ,/4 ,pet]1 contempor>y great arti/s--,! ,italian ,palazzo--,me?ods ( gild+1 inlay+ & m\nt+ ,furniture-,pietra-dura & o!r enri*m5ts--,rusk9's criticism4 ,,! ,,r5aissance ,,9 ,,france3 ,francois ,i4 & ! ,*ateau ( ,fonta9ebleau--,influ5ce on ,c\rti]s1 ,*airs ( ! "t--,design ( ,cab9ets--,m4,e4 ,bonnaff on ,! ,r5aissance1 ,b$/ead ( ,jeanne d',albret--,det]ioration ( ta/e 9 "t ( ,h5ry ,,iv41 ,l\is ,,xiii4 ,furniture--,brittany woodwork4 ,,! ,,r5aissance ,,9 ,,! ,,ne!rl&s3 ,influ5ce ( ! ,h\se ( ,burgundy on ,art--,! ,*imney-piece at ,bruges1 & o!r ca/s ( specim5s at ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum4 ,,! ,,r5aissance ,,9 ,,spa93 ,! res\rces ( ,spa9 9 ! sixte5? & sev5te5? c5turies--,influ5ce ( ,s>ac5ic ,art1 high-back$ lea!r *airs1 ! ,c>?usian ,conv5t at ,granada4 ,,! ,,r5aissance ,,9 ,,g]many3 ,albre*t ,dr]--,fam\s ,/eel ,*air ( ,augsburg--,g]man sev5te5? c5tury c>v+ 9 ,/4 ,savi\r's ,hospital4 ,,! ,,r5aissance ,,9 ,,engl&3 ,influ5ce ( ,=eign ,arti/s 9 ! "t ( ,h5ry ,,viii4--,end ( ,feudalism--,hampton ,c\rt ,palace--,l95 patt]n ,panels--,woodwork 9 ! ,h5ry ,,vii4 ,*apel at ,we/m9/] ,abbey--,liv]y ,cupbo>ds at ,h5grave--,h>rison quot$--! p>l]1 alt]ation 9 ,engli% cu/oms--,*airs ( ! sixte5? c5tury--,cov]+s & ,cu%ions ( ! "t1 extract f old ,inv5tory--,s\? ,k5s+ton ,cab9et--,elizabe?an ,mirror at ,goodri* ,c\rt--,%aw's ,anci5t ,furniture ! ,gla/onbury ,*air--,introduction ( ,frames into ,engl&--,*>act]i/ics ( ,native ,woodwork--,fam\s ,c\ntry ,mansions1 alt]ation 9 design ( ,woodwork & ,furniture--,panell$ ,rooms at ,s\? ,k5s+ton--,! ,*>t]h\se--,gray's ,inn ,hall & ,middle ,temple--,! ,hall ( ! ,c>p5t]'s ,company--,! ,great ,b$ ( ,w>e--,%akespe>e's ,*air--,p5%ur/ ,place4 ,illu/ration ,x is impossible to write ab\t ! p]iod ( ! ,r5aissance )\t grave misgiv+s z to ! ability to r5d] ju/ice to a p]iod :i* has employ$ ! p5s ( _m cultivat$ writ]s1 & to :i* :ole volumes1 nay libr>ies1 h be5 devot$4 ,)9 ! limit$ space ( a s+le *apt] all t c be attempt$ is a brief glance at ! influ5ce on design by :i* furniture & woodwork 7 affect$4 ,p]haps ! simple/ way ( und]/&+ ! *anges :i* occurr$1 fir/ 9 ,italy1 & subsequ5tly 9 o!r c\ntries1 is to divide ! *apt] on ?is p]iod into a s]ies ( %ort notes arrang$ 9 ! ord] 9 :i* ,italian influ5ce w\ld seem to h affect$ ! design]s & craftsm5 ( sev]al ,european nations4 ,t[>ds ! end ( ! fifte5? c5tury !re appe>s to h be5 an almo/ univ]sal rage = classical lit]ature1 & we believe "s attempt 0 made to introduce ,lat9 z a univ]sal language2 x is c]ta9 t ,italian ,art 0 adopt$ by nation aft] nation1 & a well kn[n writ] on ar*itecture 7,mr4 ,p>k]7 has obs]v$3--,x 0 n until ! middle ( ! n9ete5? c5tury t ! national /yles ( ! diff]5t c\ntries ( ,mod]n ,europe 7 reviv$4 ,z we look back ^u ! hi/ory ( ,art1 assi/$ by ! num]\s examples 9 our ,museums1 "o is /ruck by ! want ( novelty 9 ! imag9ation ( mank9d4 ,! glori\s antique has always be5 our classic /&>d1 & x seems only to h be5 a "q ( "t z to :5 & h[ a return 0 made to ! old designs ( ! ,greek arti/s1 !n to w&] f !m a:ile1 & aga9 to return :5 ! _w1 we>y ( ov]-abundance ( ornam5t1 long$ = ! repose ( simpl] l9es on ! pr9ciples :i* gov]n$ ! glori\s ,a!nian arti/s ( old4 ,! ,r5aissance 9 ,italy4 ,italy 0 ! bir?place ( ! ,r5aissance4 ,leon>do da ,v9ci & ,raffaele may be said to h guid$ & l$ ! natural arti/ic in/9cts ( _! c\ntrym51 to disc>d ! ,byzant9e-,go?ic :i*1 z ,m4 ,bonnaffe has said1 0 adopt$ by ! ,italians n z a p]man5t in/itution1 b faute de mieux z a pass+ fa%ion4 ,x is difficult to say ) any c]ta9ty :5 ! fir/ comm5cem5t ( a new era actually takes place1 b !re is an incid5t relat$ 9 ,mi*ael ,bryan's biographical notice ( ,leon>do da ,v9ci :i* gives u an approximate date4 ,ludovico ,s=za1 ,duke ( ,milan1 _h appo9t$ ?is great ma/] ,director ( ,pa9t+ & ,ar*itecture 9 8 academy 9 #adid1 &1 says ,bryan1 :o obta9$ 8 in=mation f contempor>y writ]s1 ,leon>do no soon] ent]$ on 8 (fice1 ?an he bani%$ all ! ,go?ic pr9ciples e/abli%$ by 8 pr$ecessor1 ,mi*el9o1 & introduc$ ! beautiful simplicity & purity ( ! ,grecian & ,roman /yles4 ,a few ye>s aft] ?is date1 ,pope ,julius ,,ii4 comm5c$ to build ! pres5t magnific5t ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,pet]'s1 design$ by ,bramante d',urb9o1 k9sman & fri5d ( ,raffaele1 to ^: sup]9t5d5ce ,pope ,leo ,x4 confid$ ! "w on ! dea? ( ! ar*itect 9 #aead1 ,mi*ael ,angelo hav+ ! *>ge committ$ to him "s ye>s aft] ,raffaele's dea?4 ,^! dates give u a v fair idea ( ! "t at :i* ?is important revolution 9 ta/e 0 tak+ place 9 ,italy1 at ! end ( ! fifte5? & ! comm5cem5t ( ! foll[+ c5tury1 & c>v$ woodwork foll[$ ! new direction4 ,illu/ration3 ,reproduction ( ,decoration ,by ,raffaelle4 ,9 ! ,loggie ( ! ,vatican4 ,p]iod3 ,italian ,r5aissance4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,sixte5? ,c5tury ,room4 ,reproduc$ f ! ,magaz9e ( ,art 7,by ,p]mission7 ,illu/ration3 ,salon ( ,m4 ,edmond ,bonnaff1 ,decorat$ & ,furni%$ 9 ! ,r5aissance ,/yle4 ,leo ,x4 0 ,pope 9 #aeac4 ,! p]iod ( peace :i* !n ensu$ aft] w>1 :i* = s _m decades _h di/urb$ ,italy1 z ,france or ,g]many _h 9 turn /riv5 to acquire h] f]tile soil1 gave ! pr9ces & nobles leisure to rebuild & adorn _! palaces2 & ! excavations :i* 7 !n made br\ght to light _m ( ! works ( art :i* _h rema9$ buri$ s9ce ! "t :5 ,rome 0 mi/ress ( ! _w4 ,leo 0 a memb] ( t rem>kable & p[]ful family ! ,m$icis1 ! v m5tion ( :om is to sugge/ ! ,r5aissance1 & "u 8 patronage1 & ) ! co-op]ation ( ! reign+ dukes & pr9ces ( ! diff]5t ,italian /ates1 arti/s 7 giv5 enc\ragem5t & scope = ! employm5t ( _! tal5ts4 ,mi*ael ,angelo1 ,titian1 ,raffaele ,sanzio1 ,&rea del ,s>to1 ,correggio1 & _m o!r great arti/s 7 rais+ up monum5ts ( ev]la/+ fame2 ,palladio 0 rebuild+ ! palaces ( ,italy1 :i* 7 !n ! wond] ( ! _w2 ,b5v5uto ,cell9i & ,lor5zo ,ghib]ti 7 design+ ^? m>vell\s *ef d'oeuvres 9 gold1 silv]1 & bronze :i* are n[ s r>e2 & a ho/ ( illu/ri\s arti/s 7 produc+ "w :i* has made ! sixte5? c5tury fam\s = all "t4 ,illu/ration3 ,*air 9 ,c>v$ ,walnut4 ,f\nd 9 ! h\se ( ,mi*ael ,angelo4 ,! circum/ances ( ! ,italian noble caus$ him to be v am5able to ,art influ5ce4 ,liv+ *iefly out ( doors1 8 climate r5d]$ him less dep5d5t on ! com=ts ( small rooms1 to :i* m nor!rn p 7 atta*$1 & 8 ideas w\ld naturally aspire to pomp & elegance1 r ?an to home life & utility4 ,in/ead ( ! w>m *imney corn] & ! com=table seat1 he pref]r$ furniture ( a m palatial "* = ! adornm5t ( ! l(ty & spaci\s saloons ( 8 palace1 & !re=e we f9d ! buffet elaborately c>v$1 ) a free treatm5t ( ! classic antique :i* m>ks ! "t2 x 0 frequ5tly g>ni%$ ) ! beautiful majolica ( ,urb9o1 ( ,pes>o1 & ( ,gubbio4 ,! s>cophagus1 or cassone1 ( oak1 or m commonly ( *esnut or walnut1 sometimes pa9t$ & gild$1 sometimes c>v$ ) scrolls & figures2 ! cab9et design$ ) ar*itectural outl9e1 & fitt$ up inside ) /eps & pill>s l a temple2 *airs :i* are wond]ful to look ^u z gu>dians ( a /ately doorway1 b un9vit+ z seats2 tables inlaid1 gild$1 & c>v$1 ) slabs ( m>ble or ( ,flor5t9e ,mosaic "w1 b :i* f _! height are z a rule impossible to use = any dome/ic purpose2 mirrors ) ri*ly c>v$ & gild$ frames are s _m evid5ces ( a /yle :i* is palatial r ?an dome/ic1 9 design z 9 proportion4 ,illu/ration3 ,v5etian ,c5tre ,table1 ,c>v$ & ,gilt4 ,9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum4 ,! walls ( ^! h&some saloons or gall]ies 7 hung ) ri* velvet ( ,g5oese manufacture1 ) /amp$ & gilt lea!r1 & a composition ornam5t 0 also appli$ to woodwork1 & !n gild$ & pa9t$2 ?is k9d ( decoration 0 t]m$ gesso "w4 ,illu/ration3 ,m>riage ,c(f] 9 ,c>v$ ,walnut4 7,collection ( ,comte de ,briges47 ,p]iod3 ,r5aissance 7,,xvi4 ,c5tury7 ,v5etian4 ,illu/ration3 ,m>riage ,c(f]1 ,c>v$ & ,gilt ) ,pa9t$ ,subject4 ,italian4 ,,xvi4 ,c5tury4 ,a ri* effect 0 produc$ on ! c>v$ console tables1 *airs1 /ools & frames int5d$ = gild+1 by ! me?od employ$ by ! ,v5etian & ,flor5t9e craftsm51 ! gold leaf be+ laid on a r$ prep>ation1 & !n ! *ief portions highly burni%$4 ,!re are 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum sev]al specim5s ( su* "w1 & n[ t "t & we> h caus$ ?is r$ gr\ndwork to %ew ?r\gh ! fad$ gold1 ! h>mony ( color is v satisfactory4 ,illu/ration3 ,pair ( ,italian ,c>v$ ,bell[s1 9 ,walnut ,wood4 7,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum47 ,o!r examples ( fifte5? c5tury ,italian c>v+1 su* z ! old ,cassone fronts1 are pick$ out ) gold1 ! rema9d] ( ! "w display+ ! ri* w>m color ( ! walnut or *esnut wood1 :i* 7 almo/ inv>iably employ$4 ,( ! small] articles ( furniture1 ! bell[s & wall brackets ( ?is p]iod des]ve m5tion2 ! c>v+ ( ^! is v c>efully f9i%$1 & is frequ5tly v elaborate4 ,! illu/ration on page #ea is t ( a pair ( bell[s 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton collection4 ,illu/ration3 ,c>v$ ,italian ,mirror ,frame1 #af? ,c5tury4 7,9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum47 ,! enri*m5t ( woodwork by means ( inlay+ des]ves m5tion4 ,9 ! *apt] on ,anci5t ,furniture we h se5 t ivory 0 us$ z an inlaid ornam5t z e>ly z six c5turies be=e ,*ri/1 b its revival & developm5t 9 ,europe probably comm5c$ 9 ,v5ice ab\t ! end ( ! ?irte5? c5tury1 9 copies ( geometrical designs1 let into ebony & br[n walnut1 & into a wood some?+ l rosewood2 p>ts ( boxes & *e/s ( ^! mat]ials are /ill 9 exi/5ce4 ,mr4 ,maskell tells u 9 8 ,h&book on ,ivories1 t probably ow+ to ! difficulty ( procur+ ivory 9 ,italy1 bone ( f9e quality 0 frequ5tly us$ 9 its place4 ,all ?is class ( "w 0 kn[n z ,t>sia1 ,int>sia1 or ,c]tos9a1 a ^w suppos$ to be d]iv$ f ! "n ( ! well-kn[n religi\s community--! ,c>?usians--on acc\nt ( ! dext]ity ( ^? monks at ?is "w4#f ,x is true t t[>ds ! end ( ! f\rte5? c5tury1 mak]s ( ornam5tal furniture began to copy m>ble mosaic "w1 by mak+ simil> patt]ns ( diff]5t woods1 & subsequ5tly ?is bran* ( indu/rial art develop$ f su* mode/ beg9n+s z ! simple patt]n ( a />1 or b&+s 9 diff]5t k9ds ( wood 9 ! panel ( a door1 to elaborate picture-mak+1 9 :i* l&scapes1 views ( *ur*es1 h\ses & picturesque ru9s 7 copi$1 figures & animals be+ also introduc$4 ,?is "w 0 naturally facilitat$ & enc\rag$ by increas+ comm]ce betwe5 diff]5t nations1 :i* r5d]$ available a great] v>iety ( woods4 ,9 "s ( ! e>ly ,italian int>sia ! decoration 0 cut into ! surface ( ! panel piece by piece4 ,z arti/s became m skilful1 v5e]s 7 appli$ & ! effect height5$ by burn+ ) hot s& ! p>ts requir+ %ad+2 & ! l9es caus$ by ! ?ickness ( ! sawcuts 7 fill$ 9 ) black wood or /a9$ glue to give def9ition to ! design4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,sixte5? ,c5tury ,c(fre-,=t4 ,! m\nt+ ( articles ( furniture ) metal enri*m5ts d\btless orig9at$ 9 ! iron corn] pieces & h+e plates1 :i* 7 us$ to /r5g!n ! old *e/s1 ( :i* m5tion has be5 already made1 & z artific]s began to r5d] _! productions decorative z well z useful1 :at m natural progress ?an t ! iron corn]s1 b&+s1 or fa/5+s1 %\ld be ( ornam5tal =g$ or engrav$ iron4 ,9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 metal work]s rea*$ a po9t ( excell5ce :i* has nev] be5 surpass$1 & ^? m>vels ( m\nt+s 9 /eel1 iron & brass 7 produc$ 9 ,italy & ,g]many1 :i* are f> m important z works ( art1 ?an ! pla9 & unpret5d+ productions ( ! c(f] mak]1 :i* are _! raison d'etre4 ,! woodcut on p4 #ec repres5ts a v good example ( a ,c(fre-=t 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,collection4 ,! decoration is bitt5 9 ) acids s z to pres5t ! appe>ance ( its be+ damasc5$1 & ! complicat$ lock1 %ewn on ! inside ( ! lid1 is *>act]i/ic ( ^! safegu>ds = valuable docum5ts at a "t :5 ! mod]n burgl>-pro( safe _h n be5 ?\ght (4 ,! illu/ration on ! foll[+ page is f an example 9 ! same museum1 %ew+ a diff]5t decoration1 ! oval plaques ( figures & coats ( arms be+ ( c>v$ ivory let into ! surface ( ! c(f]4 ,?is is an e>ly specim51 & belongs z mu* to ! la/ *apt] z to ! pres5t4 ,pietra-dura z an ornam5t 0 fir/ introduc$ 9 ,italy dur+ ! sixte5? c5tury1 & became a fa%ion4 ,?is 0 an inlay ( highly-poli%$ r>e m>bles1 agates1 h>d pebbles1 lapis lazuli1 & o!r /ones2 ivory 0 also c>v$ & appli$ z a bas relief1 z well z inlaid 9 arabesques ( ! mo/ elaborate designs2 tortoise%ell1 brass1 "m ( pe>l1 & o!r enri*m5ts 7 introduc$ 9 ! decoration ( cab9ets & ( caskets2 silv] plaques emboss$ & engrav$ 7 press$ into ! s]vice z ! native pr9ces ( ,flor5ce1 ,urb9o1 ,f]r>a1 & o!r indep5d5t cities vi$ ) ,rome1 ,v5ice1 & ,naples 9 sumptu\sness ( ornam5t1 & lavi%ness ( exp5se1 until ! inevitable p]iod ( decl9e sup]v5$ 9 :i* exagg]ation ( ornam5t & prodigality ( decoration gave ! eye no repose4 ,edmond ,bonnaffe1 contra/+ ! latt] p]iod ( ,italian ,r5aissance ) t ( sixte5? c5tury ,fr5* woodwork1 has pi?ily rem>k$3 ,*ez cux1 l'art du bois consi/e le dissimul]1 *ez n\s le faire valoir4 ,illu/ration3 ,italian ,c(f] ) ,m$allions ( ,ivory4 #ae? ,c5tury4 7,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum47 ,9 ,rusk9's ,/ones ( ,v5ice1 ! au?or alludes to ?is ov]-ornam5tation ( ! latt] ,r5aissance 9 sev]e t]ms4 ,aft] describ+ ! progress ( art 9 ,v5ice f ,byzant9e to ,go?ic1 & f ,go?ic to ,r5aissance he subdivides ! latt] p]iod into ?ree classes3--#a4 ,r5aissance graft$ on ,byzant9e4 #b4 ,r5aissance graft$ on ,go?ic4 #c4 ,r5aissance graft$ on ,r5aissance1 & ?is la/ ! vet]an art critic calls d\ble d>kness1 "o ( 8 *>act]i/ic t]ms ( condemnation :i* _m ( u _c foll[1 b ! _s ( :i* we c appreciate4 ,speak+ g5]ally ( ! "* ( ornam5t1 we f9d t :]eas 9 ! furniture ( ! ,middle ,ages1 ! subjects = c>v+ 7 tak5 f ! lives ( ! sa9ts or f metrical romance1 ! ,r5aissance c>v]s illu/rat$ sc5es f classical my?ology1 & allegories1 su* z repres5tations ( elem5ts1 seasons1 mon?s1 ! c>d9al virtues1 or ! battle sc5es & triumphal processions ( e>li] times4 ,illu/ration3 ,c>v$ ,walnut ,wood ,italian ,*airs4 #af? ,c5tury4 7,f ,photos ( ! orig9als 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum47 ,illu/ration3 ,ebony ,cab9et4 ,) m>ble mosaics1 & bronze gilt ornam5ts1 ,flor5t9e "w4 ,p]iod3 ,,xvii4 ,c5tury4 ,! outl9es & g5]al designs ( ! e>li] ,r5aissance cab9ets 7 app>5tly sugge/$ by ! old ,roman triumphal ar*es & s>cophagi2 aft]w>ds ^! 7 modifi$ & became v>i$1 elegant & graceful1 b latt]ly z ! p]iod ( decl9e 0 m>k$1 ! outl9es z %ewn 9 ! two *airs on ! prec$+ page became confus$ & dissipat$ by ov]-decoration4 ,! illu/rations giv5 ( specim5s ( furniture ( ,italian ,r5aissance r5d] l5g?y descriptions unnecess>y4 ,s f> z x has be5 possible to d s1 a selection has be5 made to repres5t ! diff]5t classes ( "w1 & z !re are 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum num]\s examples ( cassone fronts1 panels1 *airs1 & cab9ets :i* c be exam9$1 x is easy to =m an idea ( ! decorative woodwork made 9 ,italy dur+ ! p]iod we h be5 consid]+4 ,illu/ration3 ,v5etian ,/ate ,*air4 ,c>v$ & ,gilt ,frame1 ,uphol/]$ ) ,embroid]$ ,velvet4 ,date ab\t #afgj4 7,9 ! possession ( ,h4,m4 ! ,que5 at ,w9dsor ,ca/le47 ,! ,r5aissance ,9 ,france4 ,f ,italy ! great revival ( indu/rial art travell$ to ,france4 ,*>les ,,viii41 :o = two ye>s _h held ,naples 7#adid-if71 br\ght among/ o!r arti/s f ,italy1 ,b]nad9o de ,brescia & ,dom5ico de ,cortona1 & ,art1 :i* at ?is "t 0 9 a feeble1 langui%+ /ate 9 ,france1 began to revive4 ,francis ,i4 employ$ an ,italian ar*itect to build ! ,*ateau ( ,fonta9ebleau1 :i* _h hi!rto be5 b an old fa%ion$ hunt+ box 9 ! middle ( ! =e/1 & ,leon>do da ,v9ci & ,&rea del ,s>to came f ,flor5ce to decorate ! int]ior4 ,guilio ,romano1 :o _h assi/$ ,raffaele to pa9t ! loggie ( ! ,vatican1 ex]cis$ an influ5ce 9 ,france1 :i* 0 transmitt$ by 8 pupils = g5]ations4 ,! m>riage ( ,h5ry ,,ii4 ) ,ca!r9e de ,m$ici increas$ ! influ5ce ( ,italian art1 & lat] t ( ,m>ie de ,m$ici ) ,h5ri ,quatre cont9u$ t influ5ce4 ,diane de ,poieti]s1 mi/ress ( ,h5ri ,,ii41 0 ! patroness ( arti/s2 & ,fonta9ebleau has be5 well said to reflect ! glories ( gay & spl5d\r lov+ k+s f ,francois ,premi] to ,h5ri ,quatre4 ,besides ,fonta9ebleau1 ,francis ,i4 built ! ,*ateau ( ,*ambord1#g t ( ,*5onceaux on ! ,loire1 ! ,*ateau de ,madrid1 & o!rs1 & comm5c$ ! ,l\vre4 ,foll[+ _! ,k+'s example1 ! m weal?y ( 8 subjects rebuilt or alt]$ _! *ateaux & hotels1 decorat$ !m 9 ! ,italian /yle1 & furni%$ !m ) ! cab9ets1 *airs1 c(f]s1 armoires1 tables1 & v>i\s o!r articles1 design$ aft] ! ,italian models4 ,! "* ( ! woodwork naturally accompani$ ! design ( ! build+4 ,fireplaces1 :i* until ! end ( ! fifte5? c5tury _h be5 ( /one1 7 n[ made ( oak1 ri*ly c>v$ & ornam5t$ ) ! armorial be>+s ( ! seigneur4 ,! ,prie dieu *air1 :i* ,viollet le ,due tells u came into use 9 ! fifte5? c5tury1 0 n[ made l>g] & m ornate1 9 "s cases becom+ :at might almo/ be t]m$ a small oratory1 ! back be+ c>v$ 9 ! =m ( an alt>1 & ! utmo/ c>e lavi%$ on ! "w4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t 9 ,france1 until ! end ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 !re 7 no b5*es or seats 9 ! *ur*es1 &1 !re=e1 pray]s 7 said by ! ari/ocracy 9 ! private *apel ( ! *ateau1 & by ! middle classes 9 ! *ief room ( ! h\se4 ,illu/ration3 ,ornam5tal ,panell+ 9 ,/4 ,v9c5t's ,*ur*1 ,r\54 ,p]iod3 ,e>ly ,fr5* ,r5aissance4 ,temp4 ,francois ,i4 ,illu/ration3 ,*imney ,piece4 ,9 ! ,gall]y ( ,h5ri ,,ii41 ,*ateau ( ,fonta9ebleau4 ,p]iod3 ,fr5* ,r5aissance1 ,e>ly ,,xvi4 ,c5tury4 ,! l>ge high-back$ *air ( ! sixte5? c5tury *aire haut dossi]1 ! arm *air *aire bras1 *aire t\rnante1 = dome/ic use1 are all ( ?is "t1 & "s illu/rations w %[ ! highly f9i%$ c>v$ "w ( ,r5aissance /yle :i* prevail$4 ,besides ! *aire :i* 0 res]v$ = ! seigneur1 !re 7 small] & m conv5i5t /ools1 ! ,x =m supports ( :i* 7 also c>v$4 ,illu/ration3 ,c>v$ ,oak ,panel1 ,dat$ #aegg4 ,cab9ets 7 made ) an upp] & l[] "p2 sometimes ! latt] 0 9 ! =m ( a /& ) c>yatides figures l ! fam\s cab9et 9 ! ,*ateau ,fonta9ebleau1 a vignette ( :i* =ms ! initial lett] ( ?is *apt]2 or 7 enclos$ by doors g5]ally decorat$ ) c>v+1 ! upp]1 "p hav+ ri*ly c>v$ panels1 :i* :5 op5 disclos$ draw]s ) fronts m9utely c>v$4 ,m4 ,edmond ,bonnaff1 9 8 "w on ! sixte5? c5tury furniture ( ,france1 gives no less ?an #abj illu/rations ( tables1 c(fres1 armoires1 dressoirs1 sieges1 et bancs1 manufactur$ at ,orleans1 ,anj\1 ,ma9e1 ,t\ra9e1 ,le ,b]ri1 ,lorra9e1 ,burgundy1 ,lyons1 ,prov5ce1 ,auv]gne1 ,langu$oc1 & o!r t[ns & di/ricts1 besides ! capital1 :i* excell$ 9 ! reputation ( h] m5uisi]s1 & 9 ! old docum5ts c]ta9 articles ( furniture are p>ticul>iz$ z fait ,p>is4 ,he also m5tions t ,francis ,i4 pref]r$ to employ native workm51 & t ! ,italians 7 reta9$ only to furni% ! designs & lead ! new /yle2 & 9 giv+ ! names ( ! mo/ not$ ,fr5* cab9et mak]s & c>v]s ( ?is "t1 he adds t ,jacques ,l>dant & ,mi*el ,b\rd9 receiv$ no less ?an #ae1gjj livres = a numb] ( buffets de salles1 tables g>nies de leurs trteaux1 *&eli]s de bois & o!r articles4 ,illu/ration3 ,facsimiles ( ,engrav+s on ,wood1 ,by ,j4 ,amman1 9 ! #af? c5tury1 %[+ int]iors ( ,work%ops ( ! p]iod4 ,! b$/ead1 ( :i* !re is an illu/ration1 is a good repres5tation ( ,fr5* ,r5aissance4 ,x =m$ "p ( ! cont5ts ( ! ,*ateau ( ,pau1 & belong$ to ,jeanne d',albret1 "m ( ,h5ri ,quatre1 :o 0 born at ,pau 9 #aeec4 ,! b$/ead is ( oak1 & by "t has acquir$ a ri* w>m t9t1 ! details ( ! c>v+ rema9+ %>p & cle>4 ,on ! l[] cornice m\ld+1 ! date #aefb is c>v$4 ,?is1 l o!r furniture & cont5ts ( ,palaces 9 ,france1 =ms "p ( ! ,/ate or ,national collection1 ( :i* !re are excell5t illu/rations & descriptions 9 ,m4 ,williamson's ,mobili] ,national1 a valuable contribution to ! lit]ature ( ?is subject :i* %\ld be consult$4 ,illu/ration3 ,c>v$ ,oak ,b$/ead ( ,jeanne ,d'albret4 ,f ! ,*ateau ( ,pau4 7,collection ,mobili] ,national47 ,p]iod3 ,fr5* ,r5aissance 7,date #aefb74 ,illu/ration3 ,c>v$ ,oak ,cab9et4 ,made at ,lyons4 ,p]iod3 ,latt] ,"p ( ,,xvi4 ,c5tury4 ,ano!r example ( f\r-po/ b$/eads ( ,fr5* sixte5? c5tury "w is t ( ! "o 9 ! ,cluny ,museum1 :i* is probably "s ye>s lat] ?an ! "o at ,pau1 & 9 ! c>v$ memb]s ( ! two l[] po/s1 m resembles our ,engli% ,elizabe?an "w4 ,t[>ds ! latt] "p ( ,h5ri ,,iv4 ! /yle ( decorative art 9 ,france became debas$ & inconsi/5t4 ,con/ruction & ornam5tation 7 guid$ by no pr9ciple1 b foll[$ ! caprice ( ! individual4 ,mean+less pila/]s1 entablatures1 & contort$ cornices replac$ ! simpl] outl9e & subord9ate enri*m5t ( ! "t ( ,h5ri ,,ii41 & until ! great revival ( ta/e "u ! gr& mon>que1 !re 0 9 ,france a p]iod ( ri*ly ornam5t$ b ill-design$ decorative furniture4 ,an example ( ?is c be se5 at ,s\? ,k5s+ton 9 ! pla/] ca/ ( a l>ge *imney-piece f ! ,*ateau ( ! ,seigneur de ,vill]oy1 ne> ,m5ecy1 by ,g]ma9 ,pillon1 :o di$ 9 #aeij4 ,9 ?is ! fail+s m5tion$ above w be readily recogniz$1 & also 9 ano!r example1 namely1 t ( a c>v$ oak door f ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,macl\1 ,r\51 by ,jean ,g\jon1 9 :i* ! "w is v f9e1 b some:at ov]done ) enri*m5t4 ,?is ca/ is 9 ! same collection4 ,dur+ ! ',l\is ,treize' p]iod *airs became m com=table ?an ^? ( an e>li] "t4 ,! ^w *aise z a dim9utive ( *aire f\nd its way into ! ,fr5* diction>y to d5ote ! less ?rone-l seat :i* 0 9 m ord9>y use1 &1 in/ead ( be+ at ?is p]iod entirely c>v$1 x 0 uphol/]$ 9 velvet1 tape/ry or ne$lework2 ! frame 0 cov]$1 & only ! legs & arms visible & slightly c>v$4 ,9 ! illu/ration "h giv51 ! ,k+ & 8 c\rti]s are seat$ on *airs su* z h be5 describ$4 ,m>quet]ie 0 m common2 l>ge armoires1 cli5ts ( draw]s & knee-hole writ+ tables 7 cov]$ ) an inlay ( vases ( fl[]s & birds1 ( a br[ni% wood1 ) enri*m5ts ( bone & ivory1 ins]t$ 9 a black gr\nd ( /a9$ wood1 v mu* l ! ,dut* inlaid furniture ( "s ye>s lat] b ) less col\r 9 ! v>i\s v5e]s ?an is f\nd 9 ! ,dut* "w4 ,mirrors became l>g]1 ! decoration ( rooms _h ornam5tal friezes ) l[] portions ( ! walls panell$1 & ! b$rooms ( ladies ( position began to be m luxuri\sly furni%$4 ,x is some:at s+ul> t :ile ,norm&y v quickly adopt$ ! new designs 9 h] build+s & h] furniture1 & ,r\5 c>v]s & jo9]s became fam\s = _! "w1 ! neighb\r+ prov9ce1 ,brittany1 0 cons]vative ( h] e>li] designs4 ,! /urdy ,breton has ?r\gh all *anges ( /yle pres]v$ mu* ( ! ru/ic qua9tness ( 8 furniture1 & :5 "s ?ree or f\r ye>s ago ! writ] 0 /r&$ 9 a sail+ trip up ! ,ranee1 ow+ to ! %all[ /ate ( ! riv]1 & _h an opportunity ( visit+ "s ( ! f>m h\ses 9 ! c\ntry di/rict a few miles f ,d9an1 !re 7 /ill to be se5 _m examples ( ?is qua9t ru/ic furniture4 ,curi\s b$s1 consi/+ ( %elves = p>5ts & *ildr51 =m a cupbo>d 9 ! wall & are %ut 9 dur+ ! day by a pair ( lattice doors ( ,moori% design1 ) ! :eel patt]n & sp9dle p]=ations4 ,^!1 ) ! armoire ( simil> design1 & ! hu*e or *e/ ) relief c>v+1 ( a design "p ,moori%1 "p ,byzant9e1 us$ z a /ep to m\nt to ! b$ & also z a table1 are /ill ! g>niture ( a good f>m h\se 9 ,brittany4 ,! e>lie/ date ( ?is qua9t furniture is ab\t ! middle ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 & has be5 h&$ d[n f fa!r to son by ! m well-to-d f>m]s4 ,! manufacture ( armoires1 cupbo>ds1 tables & doors1 is /ill c>ri$ on ne> ,/4 ,malo1 :]e also "s ( ! old specim5s may be f\nd4 ,illu/ration3 ,l\is ,,xiii4 ,& ,8 ,c\rt 9 a ,hall1 ,witness+ a ,play4 7,f a ,m9iature dat$ #afdc47 ,illu/ration3 ,decoration = a ,salon 9 ,l\is ,,xiii4 ,/yle4 ,! ,r5aissance 9 ! ,ne!rl&s4 ,9 ! ,ne!rl&s1 ! reign+ pr9ces ( ! great ,h\se ( ,burgundy _h prep>$ ! soil = ! ,r5aissance1 &1 by ! m>riage ( ,m>y ( ,burgundy ) ! ,ar*duke ,maximilian1 ! c\ntries :i* !n 7 call$ ,fl&]s & ,holl&1 pass$ "u ! ,au/rian rule4 ,?is influ5ce 0 cont9u$ by ! ta/e & lib]ality ( ,m>g>et ( ,au/ria1 :o1 be+ appo9t$ ,gov]nor ( ! ,l[ ,c\ntries 9 #aejg1 seems to h introduc$ ,italian arti/s & to h enc\rag$ native craftsm54 ,we are told t ,corneille ,floris introduc$ ,italian ornam5tation & grotesque bord]s2 t ,pi]re ,coe*1 ar*itect & pa9t]1 adopt$ & popul>is$ ! designs ( ,vitruvius & ,s]lio4 ,wood c>v]s multipli$ & embelli%$ *ur*es & palaces1 ! h\ses ( ! ,burgoma/]s1 ! ,t[n ,halls1 & ! resid5ces ( weal?y citiz5s4 ,oak1 at fir/ almo/ ! only wood us$1 became monoton\s1 & z a relief1 ebony & o!r r>e woods1 introduc$ by ! !n comm5c+ comm]ce ) ! ,indies1 7 made available = ! embelli%m5ts ( furniture & wood "w ( ?is "t4 ,"o ( ! mo/ fam\s examples ( ri* wood c>v+ is ! well kn[n hall & *imney piece at ,bruges ) its gr\p ( cupidons & armorial be>+s1 among/ an abundance ( floral detail4 ,?is ov] ornate *ef d'oeuvre 0 design$ by ,lancelot ,blondel & ,guyot de ,beauregrant1 & its c>v+ 0 ! comb9$ "w ( ?ree craftsm5 celebrat$ 9 _! day1 ,h]man ,glos5camp1 ,&r ,ra% & ,rog] de ,smet4 ,!re is 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum a full-siz$ pla/] ca/ ( ?is gigantic *imney piece1 ! l[] "p be+ col\r$ black to indicate ! m>ble ( :i* x 0 compos$1 ) panels ( alaba/] c>v$ 9 relief1 :ile ! :ole ( ! upp] portion & ! ri*ly c>v$ ceil+ ( ! room is ( oak4 ,! model1 includ+ ! surr\nd+ woodwork1 measures ?irty-six feet across1 & %\ld n be miss$ by any "o :o is int]e/$ 9 ! subject ( furniture1 = x is notewor?y hi/orically z well z arti/ically1 be+ a monum5t 9 its way1 9 celebration ( ! victory ga9$ by ,*>les ,v4 ov] ,francis ,i4 ( ,france1 9 #aebi1 at ,pavia1 ! victori\s sov]eign be+ at ?is "t n only ,emp]or ( ,g]many1 b also enjoy+ among/ o!r titles ^? ( ,duke ( ,burgundy1 ,c\nt ( ,fl&]s1 ,k+ ( ,spa9 & ! ,indies1 etc41 etc4 ,! l>ge /atues ( ! ,emp]or1 ( ,f]d9& & ,isabella1 ) "s ?irty-sev5 h]aldic %ields ( ! diff]5t royal families ) :i* ! conqu]or claim$ connection1 are prom95t features 9 ! intricate design4 ,!re is 9 ! same "p ( ! ,museum a ca/ ( ! oak door ( ! ,c\ncil ,*amb] ( ! ,hotel de ,ville at ,aud5>de1 ( a mu* less elaborate "*4 ,pla9 mullions divide sixte5 panels c>v$ 9 ! or?odox ,r5aissance /yle1 ) cupids be>+ tablets1 f :i* are dep5d+ floral scrolls1 & at ! sides ! supports are columns1 ) ! l[] p>ts c>v$ & /&+ on squ>e p$e/als4 ,! date ( ?is "w is #aecd1 some:at lat] ?an ! ,bruges c>v+1 & is a repres5tative specim5 ( ! ,flemi% "w ( ?is p]iod4 ,illu/ration3 ,an ,ebony ,armoire1 ,ri*ly ,c>v$1 ,flemi% ,r5aissance4 7,9 ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum47 ,! clev] ,flemi% arti/ s ?or\ghly copi$ ! models ( 8 diff]5t ma/]s t x has become exce$+ly difficult to speak positively z to ! id5tity ( mu* ( ! woodwork1 & to di/+ui% x f ,g]man1 ,engli%1 or ,italian1 al?\gh z reg>ds ! latt] we h se5 t walnut wood 0 employ$ v g5]ally1 :]eas 9 ,fl&]s1 oak 0 ne>ly always us$ = figure "w4 ,aft] ! p]iod ( ! pur] =ms ( ! fir/ ,r5aissance1 ! be/ "t = c>v$ woodwork & decorative furniture 9 ! ,ne!rl&s 0 probably ! sev5te5? c5tury1 :5 ! ,flemi% design]s & craftsm5 _h ceas$ to copy ! ,italian patt]ns1 & _h e/abli%$ ! /yle we recognise z ,flemi% ,r5aissance4 ,lucas ,faydh]be1 ar*itect & sculptor 7#afag-afid7--^: boxwood gr\p ( ! dea? ( ,john ! ,bapti/ is 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum--bo? ! ,v]brugg5s1 & ,alb]t ,bruhl1 :o c>v$ ! *oir "w ( ,/4 ,giorgio ,maggiore 9 ,v5ice1 are among/ ! mo/ celebrat$ ,flemi% wood c>v]s ( ?is "t4 ,vri$man de ,vriesse & ,crisp9 de ,passe1 al?\gh !y work$ 9 ,france1 belong to ,fl&]s & to ! c5tury4 ,"s ( ! mo/ fam\s pa9t]s--,francis ,hals1 ,jorda5s1 ,rembr&t1 ,metsu1 ,van ,mi]is--all belong to ?is "t1 & 9 "s ( ! f9e int]iors repres5t$ by ^! ,old ,ma/]s1 9 :i* embroid]$ curta9s & ri* cov]+s relieve ! sombre colors ( ! d>k c>v$ oak furniture1 !re is a ri*ness ( effect :i* ! arti/ c\ld sc>cely h imag9$1 b :i* he mu/ h obs]v$ 9 ! h\ses ( ! ri* burgh]s ( prosp]\s ,fl&]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,b>b]'s ,%op4 ,f a ,wood ,engrav+ by ,j4 ,amman4 #af? ,c5tury4 ,%ew+ a ,*air ( ! "t4 ,9 ! *apt] on ,jacobean furniture1 we %all see ! influ5ce & assi/ance :i* ,engl& d]iv$ f ,flemi% woodwork]s2 & ! simil>ity ( ! treatm5t 9 bo? c\ntries w be notic$ 9 "s ( ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum specim5s ( ,engli% m>quet]ie1 made at ! end ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,! figure "w 9 ,holl& has always be5 ( a high ord]1 & ?\gh z ! sev5te5? c5tury advanc$1 ?is p]haps became less ref9$1 ! proportions h always be5 well pres]v$1 & ! attitudes are free & uncon/ra9$4 ,a v *>act]i/ic article ( sev5te5? c5tury ,dut* furniture is ! l>ge & massive w>drobe1 ) ! doors h&somely c>v$1 n infrequ5tly hav+ ?ree columns1 "o 9 ! c5tre & "o at ea* side1 & ^! g5]ally =m "p ( ! doors1 :i* are also enri*$ ) squ>e panels1 c>v$ 9 ! c5tre & f9i%$ ) m\ld+s4 ,!re are specim5s 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum1 ( ^! & also ( e>li] ,flemi% "w :5 ! ,r5aissance 0 pur] 9 /yle &1 z has be5 obs]v$1 ( less national "*4 ,! m>quet]ie ( ?is p]iod is extremely ri*1 ! designs are less sev]e1 b ! col\r+ ( ! woods is v>i$1 & ! effect height5$ by ! addition ( small pieces ( "m ( pe>l & ivory4 ,lat]1 ?is m>quet]ie became florid1 badly f9i%$1 & ! col\r+ ( ! v5e]s crude & gaudy4 ,old pieces ( pla9 mahogany furniture 7 decorat$ ) a ?9 lay] ( highly col\r$ v5e]+1 a m]etrici\s ornam5tation altoge!r lack+ ref9em5t4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 a peculi>ity & "* ab\t "s ( ! furniture ( ,nor? ,holl&1 9 ! t[ns ( ,alkma>1 ,hoorn1 & o!rs 9 ?is di/rict1 :i* is wor? notic+4 ,! treatm5t has always be5 m primitive & qua9t ?an 9 ! ,flemi% cities to :i* allusion has be5 made--& x 0 "h t ! old f>m h\ses ( ! ,nord-,holl&] 7 furni%$ ) ! ru%-bottom$ *airs1 pa9t$ gre52 ! ?ree-legg$ tables1 & d[] *e/s pa9t$ 9 fl[]s & figures ( a rude description1 ) ! col\r+ *iefly gre5 & bright r$1 is extremely effective4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,flemi% ,citiz5 at ,meals4 7,f a ,,xvi1 ,c5tury ,,ms47 ,! ,r5aissance 9 ,spa94 ,we h se5 t ,spa9 z well z ,g]many & ! ,l[ ,c\ntries 7 "u ! rule ( ! ,emp]or ,*>les ,v41 & !re=e x is unnecess>y to look fur!r = ! s\rces ( influ5ce :i* br\ght ! wave ( ,r5aissance to ! ,spani% c>v]s & cab9et mak]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,s$an ,*air ,( ,*>les ,v4 ,probably made 9 ! ,ne!rl&s4 ,arrang$ ) moveable back & uprights to =m a canopy :5 desir$4 7,9 ! ,royal ,arm\ry1 ,madrid47 ,aft] ,van ,eyck 0 s5t = to pa9t ! portrait ( ,k+ ,john's daught]1 ! ,l[ ,c\ntries cont9u$ to export to ! ,p59sula pa9t]s1 sculptors1 tape/ry weav]s1 & books on ,art4 ,fr5* arti/s also f\nd employm5t 9 ,spa91 & ! old] ,go?ic became sup]s$$ z 9 o!r c\ntries4 ,b]ruguete1 a ,spani>d1 :o _h /udi$ 9 ! ateli] ( ,mi*ael ,angelo1 return$ to 8 own c\ntry ) ! new influ5ce /rong ^u him1 & ! va/ weal? & res\rces ( ,spa9 at ?is p]iod ( h] hi/ory enabl$ h] nobles to indulge _! ta/e 9 cab9ets ri*ly ornam5t$ ) rep\ss plaques ( silv]1 & lat] ( tortoise%ell1 ( ebony1 & ( sc>ce woods f h] ,indian possessions2 ?\gh 9 a m g5]al way *esnut 0 /ill a favorite m$ium4 ,contempor>y ) decorative woodwork ( ,moori% design !re 0 also a great deal ( c>v+1 & ( furniture made1 aft] designs br\ght f ,italy & ! ,nor? ( ,europe2 & ,mr4 ,j4,h4 ,poll51 quot+ a tru/wor?y ,spani% writ]1 ,s5or ,j4,f4 ,ri>io1 says3--,! brilliant epo* ( sculpture 79 wood7 belongs to ! sixte5? c5tury1 & 0 due to ! great impulse x receiv$ f ! works ( ,b]ruguete & ,felipe de ,borgoa4 ,he 0 ! *ief promot] ( ! ,italian /yle1 & ! *oir ( ! ,ca!dral ( ,tol$o1 :]e he work$ s mu*1 is ! f9e/ specim5 ( ! k9d 9 ,spa94 ,tol$o1 ,seville1 & ,valladolid 7 at ! "t great productive & arti/ic c5tres4 ,illu/ration3 ,silv] ,table1 ,late #af? or ,e>ly #ag? ,c5tury4 7,9 ! ,que5's ,collection1 ,w9dsor ,ca/le47 ,! same writ]1 aft] discuss+ ! *>act]i/ic ,spani% cab9ets1 decorat$ outside ) f9e ironwork & inside ) columns ( bone pa9t$ & gilt1 :i* 7 call$ ,v>gu5os1 says3--,! o!r cab9ets or escritoires belong+ to t p]iod 7sixte5? c5tury7 7 to a l>ge ext5t import$ f ,g]many & ,italy1 :ile o!rs 7 made 9 ,spa9 9 imitation ( ^!1 & z ! copies 7 v simil> x is difficult to classify !m4 99 99 99 ,illu/ration3 ,*air ( ,walnut or ,*esnut ,wood1 ,cov]$ 9 ,lea!r ) emboss$ patt]n4 ,spani%1 7,collection ( ,b>on de ,vallire47 ,p]iod3 ,e>ly ,,xvii4 ,c5tury4 ,illu/ration3 ,wood5 ,c(f]4 ,) wr\ght iron m\nts & fall+ flap1 on c>v$ /&4 ,spani%4 7,collection ( ,m4 ,monbrison47 ,p]iod3 ,,xvii4 ,c5tury4 ,besides ^! inlaid cab9ets1 o!rs mu/ h be5 made 9 ! sixte5? c5tury inlaid ) silv]4 ,an ,edict 0 issu$ 9 #aeid1 prohibit+1 ) ! utmo/ rig\r1 ! mak+ & sell+ ( ?is k9d ( m]*&ise1 9 ord] n to increase ! sc>city ( silv]4 ,! ,edict says t no cab9ets1 desks1 c(f]s1 brazi]s1 %oes1 tables1 or o!r articles decorat$ ) /amp$1 rais$1 c>v$1 or pla9 silv] %\ld be manufactur$4 ,! beautiful silv] table 9 ,h] ,maje/y's collection at ,w9dsor ,ca/le1 illu/rat$ on page #fh1 is probably "o ( ,spani% make ( late sixte5? or e>ly sev5te5? c5tury4 ,al?\gh n /rictly )9 ! p]iod treat$ ( 9 ?is *apt]1 x is conv5i5t to obs]ve t mu* lat]1 9 ! sev5te5? & eighte5? c5turies1 "o f9ds ! ,spani% cab9et mak] ornam5t+ 8 productions ) an inlay ( ivory let into tortoise%ell1 repres5t+ episodes 9 ! hi/ory ( ,don ,qui*otte1 & ! ,national pa/ime ( bull-fight+4 ,^! cab9ets g5]ally h simple rectangul> outl9es ) num]\s draw]s1 ! fronts ( :i* are decorat$ 9 ! mann] describ$1 & :]e ! /&s are orig9al !y are =m$ ( turn$ legs ( ebony or /a9$ wood4 ,9 _m ,spani% cab9ets ! influ5ce ( ,s>ac5ic art is v dom9ant2 ^! h g5]ally a pla9 ext]ior1 ! front is h+$ z a fall-d[n flap1 & discloses a decorative effect :i* rem9ds "o ( "s ( ! ,alhambra "w--qua9t ar*es inlaid ) ivory1 ( a some:at biz>re color+ ( blue & v]milion--altoge!r a r b>b>\s b ri* & effective treatm5t4 ,to ! sev5te5? c5tury also belong ! high-back$ ,spani% & ,portuguese *airs1 ( d>k br[n lea!r1 /amp$ ) num]\s figures1 birds & floral scrolls1 /udd$ ) brass nails & ornam5ts1 :ile ! legs & arms are alone visible z woodwork2 !y are made ( *esnut1 ) "s leafwork or scroll c>v+4 ,!re is a good repres5tative woodcut ( "o ( ^! *airs4 ,until ,b>on ,davilli] wrote 8 "w on ,spani% art1 v little 0 kn[n ( ! diff]5t peculi>ities by :i* we c n[ di/+ui% examples ( woodwork & furniture ( t c\ntry f _m ,italian or ,flemi% contempor>y productions4 ,"s ( ! ,museum specim5s w assi/ ! read] to m>k "s *>act]i/ics1 & x may be obs]v$ g5]ally t 9 ! treatm5t ( figure subjects 9 ! c>v$ "w1 ! attitudes are some:at /ra9$1 &1 z has be5 /at$1 ! outl9es ( ! cab9ets are )\t any special feature4 ,besides ! ,spani% *esnut 7noy]71 :i* is s+ul>ly lu/r\s & 0 mu* us$1 "o also f9ds c$>1 cypress wood & p9e4 ,9 ! ,*apel ( ,sa9t ,bruno1 atta*$ to ! ,c>?usian ,conv5t at ,granada1 ! doors & int]ior fitt+s are excell5t examples ( inlaid ,spani% "w ( ! sev5te5? c5tury2 ! monks ( ?is ord] at a some:at e>li] date are said to h produc$ ! t>sia1 or inlaid "w1 to :i* "s allusion has already be5 made4 ,! ,r5aissance 9 ,g]many4 ,g]man ,r5aissance may be said to h made its debut "u ,albre*t ,dr]4 ,!re 0 already 9 _m ( ! ,g]man cities a disposition to copy ,flemi% arti/s1 b "u ,dr]'s influ5ce ?is new dep>ture became develop$ 9 a high degree1 &1 z ! sixte5? c5tury advanc$1 ! ,go?ic designs ( an e>li] p]iod 7 ab&on$ 9 fav\r ( ! m free treatm5t ( figure ornam5t1 scrolls1 enri*$ panels & m\ld+s1 :i* m>k ! new era 9 all ,art "w4 ,_m rem>kable specim5s ( ,g]man c>v+ are to be met ) 9 ,augsburg1 ,as*aff5burg1 ,b]l91 ,cologne1 ,dresd51 ,go?a1 ,muni*1 ,manheim1 ,nuremb]g1 ,ulm1 ,reg5sburg1 & o!r old ,g]man t[ns4 ,al?\gh made ( /eel1 ! celebrat$ *air at ,long=d ,ca/le 9 ,wilt%ire is wor?y ( "s notice z a rem>kable specim5 ( ,g]man ,r5aissance4 ,x is fully describ$ 9 ,ri*>dson's ,/udies f ,old ,engli% ,mansions4 ,x 0 ! "w ( ,?omas ,ruk]s1 & 0 pres5t$ by ! city ( ,augsburg to ! ,emp]or ( ,g]many 9 #aegg4 ,! city arms are at ! back1 & also ! bu/ ( ! ,emp]or4 ,! o!r m9ute & c>efully f9i%$ decorative subjects repres5t diff]5t ev5ts 9 hi/ory2 a triumphal procession ( ,caes>1 ! ,prophet ,daniel expla9+ 8 dream1 ! l&+ ( ,a5eas1 & o!r ev5ts4 ,! ,emp]or ,rudolphus plac$ ! *air 9 ! ,city ( ,prague1 ,gu/avus ,adolphus plund]$ ! city & remov$ x to ,sw$51 :5ce x 0 br\ght by ,mr4 ,gu/avus ,br&] ab\t #ajj ye>s ago1 & sold by him to ,"l ,radnor4 ,z is ! case ) ,flemi% wood-c>v+1 x is (t5 difficult to id5tify ,g]man "w1 b its *ief *>act]i/ics may be said to include an exub]ant realism & a fondness = m9ute detail4 ,m4 ,bonnaff has describ$ ?is "w 9 a tell+ phrase3 l'ensemble e/ t\rm5t1 laborieux1 t\ffu tumultueux4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,/eel ,*air1 ,at ,long=d ,ca/le1 ,wilt%ire4 ,!re is a rem>kable example ( r late ,g]man ,r5aissance oak c>v+ 9 ! private *apel ( ,s4 ,savi\r's ,hospital1 9 ,osnaburg ,/reet1 ,reg5t's ,p>k1 ,london4 ,! *oir /alls1 "s #ca 9 numb]1 & ! massive doorway1 =m$ "p ( a ,c>?usian mona/]y at ,buxheim1 ,bav>ia1 :i* 0 sold & br\ght to ,london aft] ! mona/]y _h be5 secul>is$ & _h pass$ into ! possession ( ! t]ritorial l&lords1 ! ,bass5heim family4 ,at fir/ int5d$ to ornam5t "o ( ! ,colleges at ,ox=d1 x 0 aft]w>ds resold & pur*as$ by ! au?or1 & fitt$ to ! int]ior ( ,s4 ,savi\r's1 & s f> z ! proportions ( ! *apel w\ld admit ( su* an arrangem5t1 ! relative positions ( ! diff]5t p>ts are ma9ta9$4 ,! figures ( ! twelve apo/les--( ,david1 ,eleaz]1 ,moses1 ,a>on1 & ( ! eighte5 sa9ts at ! backs ( ! *oir /alls1 are m>vell\s "w1 & ! :ole mu/ h be5 a h>moni\s & well consid]$ arrangem5t ( ornam5t4 ,! "w1 execut$ by ! monks !mselves1 is said to h be5 comm5c$ 9 #afjj1 & to h be5 complet$ 9 #afea1 & ?\gh a little lat] ?an1 accord+ to "s au?orities1 ! be/ "t ( ! ,r5aissance1 is s good a repres5tation ( ,g]man "w ( ?is p]iod t x w well repay an exam9ation4 ,z ! au?or 0 responsible = its arrangem5t 9 its pres5t position1 he has ! p]mission ( ! ,rev4 ,"m at ! head ( ,s4 ,savi\r's to say t any "o :o is int]e/$ 9 ,art w be all[$ to see ! *apel4 ,illu/ration3 ,g]man ,c>v$ ,oak ,buffet1 #ag? ,c5tury4 7,f a ,draw+ by ,pr(4 ,heidel(f47 ,! ,r5aissance ,9 ,engl&4 ,engl& "u ,h5ry ! ,eigh? 0 peaceful & prosp]\s1 & ! ,k+ 0 ambiti\s to outvie 8 ,fr5* contempor>y1 ,francois ,i41 9 ! sumptu\sness ( 8 palaces4 ,john ( ,padua1 ,holbe91 ,hav]nius ( ,cleves1 & o!r arti/s1 7 induc$ to come to ,engl& & to introduce ! new /yle4 ,x1 h[ev]1 0 ( sl[ gr[?1 & we h 9 ! mixture ( ,go?ic1 ,italian & ,flemi% ornam5t1 ! /yle :i* is kn[n z ,tudor4 ,x has be5 well said t ,feudalism 0 ru9$ by gunp[d]4 ,! old-fa%ion$ feudal ca/le 0 no long] pro( aga9/ cannon1 & ) ! new ord] ( ?+s1 ?reat5+ walls & s]ri$ battlem5ts gave way z if by magic to ! pomp & grace ( ! ,italian mansion4 ,high ro($ gables1 r[s ( w9d[s & glitt]+ oriels look+ d[n on t]rac$ g>d5s1 ) vases & f\nta9s1 m>k ! new epo*4 ,illu/ration3 ,c>v$ ,oak ,*e/ 9 ! ,/yle ( ,holbe94 ,! jo9]'s "w play$ a v important "p 9 ! int]ior decoration ( ! ca/les & c\ntry seats ( ?is "t1 & ! ro(s 7 magnific5tly timb]$ ) native oak1 :i* 0 available 9 long] l5g?s ?an t ( =eign gr[?4 ,! ,great ,hall 9 ,hampton ,c\rt ,palace1 :i* 0 built by ,c>d9al ,wolsey & pres5t$ to 8 ma/]1 ! halls ( ,ox=d1 & _m o!r public build+s :i* rema9 to u1 are examples ( f9e woodwork 9 ! ro(s4 ,oak panell+ 0 l>gely us$ to l9e ! walls ( ! great halls1 ! l95 scroll patt]n be+ a favorite =m ( ornam5t4 ,?is t]m describes a panel c>v$ to repres5t a napk9 fold$ 9 close convolutions1 & appe>s to h be5 adopt$ f ,g]man "w2 specim5s ( ?is c be se5 at ,hampton ,c\rt1 & 9 old *ur*es decorat$ 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,!re is also "s f9e panell+ ( ?is date 9 ,k+'s ,college1 ,cambridge4 ,9 ?is class ( "w1 :i* accompani$ ! /yle kn[n 9 ar*itecture z ! ,p]p5dicul>1 "s ( ! f9e/ specim5s ( oak ornam5t$ int]iors are to be f\nd1 t ( ! ro( & *oir /alls 9 ! beautiful ,*apel ( ,h5ry ,,vii4 9 ,we/m9/] ,abbey1 be+ _w fam\s4 ,! c>v$ enri*m5ts ( ! "u "p ( ! seats1 or mis]icords1 are especially m9ute1 ! subjects app>5tly be+ tak5 f old ,g]man engrav+s4 ,?is "w 0 done 9 ,engl& be=e ar*itecture & wood c>v+ _h altoge!r flung aside _! ,go?ic trammels1 & %ews an admixture ( ! new ,italian /yle :i* 0 aft]w>ds s g5]ally adopt$4 ,!re are 9 ! ,briti% ,museum "s int]e/+ records ( contracts made 9 ! n9? ye> ( ,h5ry ,,viii4's reign = joyn]'s "w at ,h5grave1 9 :i* ! mak+ ( 'liv]y' or s]vice cupbo>ds is specifi$4 ,ye cob>ds !y be made ye facyon ( liv]y y is w'?\t doors4 ,^! 7 fitt$ up by ! ord9>y h\se c>p5t]s1 & consi/$ ( ?ree /ages or %elves /&+ on f\r turn$ legs1 ) a draw] = table l954 ,!y 7 at ?is p]iod n enclos$1 b ! mugs or dr9k+ vessels 7 hung on hooks1 & 7 tak5 d[n & replac$ aft] use2 a ew] & bas9 0 also "p ( ! complem5t ( a liv]y cupbo>d1 = cleans+ ^! cups4 ,9 ,h>rison's description ( ,engl& 9 ! latt] "p ( ! sixte5? c5tury ! cu/om is ?us describ$3 ,ea* "o z necessitie urge?1 calle? = a cup ( su* dr9ke z him like?1 s :5 he ha? ta/$ x1 he deliv]e? ! cup aga9 to "s "o ( ! /&]s by1 :o make? x clean by p\r+ out ! dr9ke t rema9e?1 re/ore? x to ! cupbo>d f :5ce he fet*$ ! same4 ,x mu/ be borne 9 m9d1 9 consid]+ ! furniture ( ! e>li] "p ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 t ! religi\s p]secutions ( ! "t1 toge!r ) ! g5]al break-up ( ! feudal sy/em1 _h gradually br\ght ab\t ! disuse ( ! old cu/om ( ! ma/] ( ! h\se tak+ 8 meals 9 ! l>ge hall or h\seplace1 toge!r ) 8 reta9]s & dep5dants2 & a small] room lead+ f ! great hall 0 fitt$ up ) a dressoir or s]vice cupbo>d1 = ! dr9k+ vessels 9 ! mann] j describ$1 ) a b$/ead1 & a *air1 "s b5*es1 & ! bo>d on tre/les1 :i* =m$ ! table ( ! p]iod4 ,?is room1 call$ a p>l] or prive p>loir1 0 ! "p ( ! h\se :]e ! family enjoy$ dome/ic life1 & x is a s+ul> fact t ! ,cl]ics ( ! "t1 & also ! ,c\rt p>ty1 saw 9 ?is t5d5cy t[>ds private life s grave an objection t1 9 #aebf1 ?is *ange 9 fa%ion 0 ! subject ( a c\rt ord9ance1 & also ( a special ,pa/oral f ,bi%op ,grosbe/e4 ,! text runs ?us3 ,sundrie noblem5 & g5tlem5 & o!rs doe mu* delighte to dyne 9 corn]s & secret places1 & ! reason giv51 0 t x 0 a bad influ5ce1 divid+ class f class2 ! real reason 0 probably t by m private & dome/ic life1 ! p[] ( ! ,*ur* ov] h] memb]s 0 weak5$4 ,illu/ration3 ,*air ,said ,to ,h ,belong$ to ,anna ,boleyn1 ,hev] ,ca/le4 7,f ! ,collection ( ,mr4 ,godw91 ,f4,s4,a47 ,9 spite1 h[ev]1 ( opposition 9 high places1 ! cu/om ( us+ ! small] rooms became m common1 & we %all f9d ! furniture1 z "t goes on1 design$ accord+ly4 ,illu/ration3 ,tudor ,cab9et 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum4 7,describ$ bel[47 ,9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum !re is a v rem>kable cab9et1 ! decoration ( :i* po9ts to its be+ made 9 ,engl& at ?is "t1 t is1 ab\t ! middle1 or dur+ ! latt] half1 ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 b ! highly f9i%$ & intricate m>quet]ie & c>v+ w\ld seem to prove t ,italian or ,g]man craftsm5 _h execut$ ! "w4 ,x %\ld be c>efully exam9$ z a v int]e/+ specim54 ,! ,tudor arms1 ! rose & portcullis1 are inlaid on ! /&4 ,! ar*$ panels 9 ! fold+ doors1 & at ! ends ( ! cab9et are 9 high relief1 repres5t+ battle sc5es1 & be> "s resemblance to ,holbe9's /yle4 ,! g5]al arrangem5t ( ! design rem9ds "o ( a ,roman triumphal ar*4 ,! woods employ$ are *iefly pe> tree1 inlaid ) corom&el & o!r woods4 ,its height is #d ft4 #g 94 & wid? #c ft4 #a 941 b !re is 9 x an imm5se am\nt ( c>eful detail :i* c\ld only be ! "w ( ! mo/ skilful craftsm5 ( ! day1 & x 0 evid5tly int5d$ = a room ( mod]ate dim5sions :]e ! intricacies ( design c\ld be obs]v$4 ,mr4 ,hung]=d ,poll5 has describ$ ?is cab9et fully1 giv+ ! subjects ( ! ornam5t1 ! ,lat9 mottoes & inscriptions1 & o!r details1 :i* occupy ov] f\r closely pr9t$ pages ( 8 museum catalogue4 ,x co/ ! nation #ejj1 & 0 an exce$+ly judici\s pur*ase4 ,*airs 7 dur+ ! fir/ half ( ! sixte5? c5tury v sc>ce articles1 & z we h se5 ) o!r c\ntries1 only us$ = ! ma/] or mi/ress ( ! h\se4 ,! *air :i* is said to h belong$ to ,anna ,boleyn1 ( :i* an illu/ration is giv5 on p4 #gd1 is f ! collection ( ! late ,mr4 ,geo4 ,godw91 ,f4,s4,a41 =m]ly editor ( ,! ,build]1 & 0 "p ( ! cont5ts ( ,hev] ,ca/le1 9 ,k5t4 ,x is ( c>v$ oak1 inlaid ) ebony & boxwood1 & 0 probably made by an ,italian workman4 ,settles 7 l>gely us$1 & bo? ^! & su* *airs z !n exi/$1 7 dep5d5t1 = ri*ness ( effect1 ^u ! loose cu%ions ) :i* !y 7 furni%$4 ,if we attempt to ga9 a k ( ! designs ( ! tables ( ! sixte5?1 & e>ly "p ( ! sev5te5? c5turies1 f int]iors repres5t$ 9 pa9t+s ( ?is p]iod1 ! visit to ! picture gall]y w be almo/ 9 va91 = 9 ne>ly e case ! table is cov]$ by a clo?4 ,z ^! clo?s or c>pets1 z !y 7 !n t]m$1 to di/+ui% !m f ! tapet or floor cov]+1 (t5 co/ f> m ?an ! articles !y cov]$1 a ^w ab\t !m may be all[$4 ,mo/ ( ! old inv5tories f #aeij1 aft] m5tion+ ! fram$ or joyn$ table1 "n ! c>pett ( ,turky w]ke :i* cov]$ x1 & 9 _m cases !re 0 /ill ano!r cov]+ to protect ! be/ "o1 & :5 ,fr$]ick1 ,duke ( ,wurtemburg1 visit$ ,engl& 9 #aeib he not$ a v extravagant c>pett at ,hampton ,c\rt1 :i* 0 embroid]$ ) pe>ls & co/ #ej1jjj cr[ns4 ,! cu%ions or quys%5s = ! *airs1 ( embroid]$ velvet1 7 also v important app5dages to ! o!rwise h>d oak5 & ebony seats1 & z ! actual date ( ! w ( ,ald]man ,glasseor quot$ bel[ is #aehi1 we may ga!r f ! extract giv51 some?+ ( ! "* & value ( ^! ornam5tal accessories :i* w\ld probably h be5 9 use = "s five & tw5ty or ?irty ye>s previ\sly4 ,inv5tory ( ! cont5ts ( ! p>l] ( ,/4 ,jone's1 )9 ! cittie ( ,*e/]1 ( :i* place ,ald]man ,glasseor 0 vice-*amb]la93-- ,a draw+e table ( joyn$ "w ) a frame1 valu$ at xl %ill+s1 equilius ,lab\r #bj y\r pres5t money4 ,two =mes cov]$ ) ,turkey "w to ! same belong+e4 xiij %ill+s & iiij p5ce ,a joyn$ frame xvjd4 ,a bord ijs4 vjd4 ,a little side table ^u a frame ijs4 vd4 ,a pair ( virg9alls ) ! frame xxxs4 ,sixe joyn$ /ooles covr'd ) n$le w]ke xvs4 ,sixe o!r joyn$ /ooles vjs4 ,"o *e>e ( n$le worke iijs4 iiijd4 ,two little fote /ooles iiijd4 ,"o longe c>pett ( ,turky w]ke vili4 ,a %ortte c>pett ( ! same w]ke xiijs4 iijd4 ,"o cupbord c>pett ( ! same xs4 ,sixe quys%5s ( ,turkye xijs4 ,sixe quys%5s ( tape/ree xxs4 ,& o!rs ( velvet embroid]$ wt gold & silv] armes 9 ! middesle4 ,eight pictures xls4 ,maps1 a p$igree ( ,e>l ,leice/] 9 joyn$ frame & a li/ ( books4 ,?is ,ald]man ,glasseor 0 app>5tly a man ( ta/e & culture = ^? days2 he _h ca/+ bottles ( silv] = spr9kl+ p]fumes aft] d9n]1 & he also _h a c\ntry h\se at ! sea1 :]e 8 p>l\r 0 furni%$ ) a canapy b$d4 ,z ! c5tury advances1 & we get well into ,elizabe?'s reign1 wood c>v+ becomes m ambiti\s1 & al?\gh x is impossible to di/+ui% ! "w ( ,flemi% c>v]s :o _h settl$ 9 ,engl& f t ( our native craftsm51 ^! d\btless acquir$ f ! =m] mu* ( _! skill4 ,9 ! co/umes & 9 ! faces ( figures or bu/s1 produc$ 9 ! highly ornam5tal oak *imney pieces ( ! "t1 or 9 ! c>v$ portions ( ! f\rpo/ b$/eads1 ! national *>act]i/ics are pres]v$1 &1 ) a c]ta9 grotesqu5ess introduc$ into ! treatm5t ( accessories1 comb9e to di/+ui% ! ,engli% s*ool ( ,elizabe?an ornam5t f o!r contempor>y "w4 ,knole1 ,longleaf1 ,burleigh1 ,hatfield1 ,h>dwick1 & ,audley ,end are famili> in/ances ( ! *ange 9 int]ior decoration :i* accompani$ t 9 ar*itecture2 t]m9al figures1 t is1 p$e/als dim9i%+ t[>ds _! bases1 surm\nt$ by bu/s ( m5 or wom51 elaborate int]lac$ /rap "w c>v$ 9 l[ relief1 trophies ( fruit & fl[]s1 take ! places ( ! m ,go?ic treatm5t =m]ly 9 vogue4 ,! *ange 9 ! design ( furniture naturally foll[$1 = 9 cases :]e ,flemi% or ,italian c>v]s 7 n employ$1 ! actual execution 0 (t5 by ! h& ( ! h\se c>p5t]1 :o 0 influ5c$ by :at he saw ar\nd him4 ,! great *imney piece 9 ,speke ,hall1 ne> ,liv]pool1 portions ( ! /aircase ( ,hatfield1 & ( o!r ,engli% mansions be=e m5tion$1 are good examples ( ! wood c>v+ ( ?is p]iod1 & ! illu/rations f au!nticat$ examples :i* are giv51 w assi/ ! read] to foll[ ^! rem>ks4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,gla/onbury ,*air4 7,9 ! ,palace ( ! ,bi%op ( ,ba?1 & ,wells47 ,!re is a mirror frame at ,goodri* ,c\rt ( e>ly ,elizabe?an "w1 c>v$ 9 oak & p>tly gilt2 ! design is 9 ! be/ /yle ( ,r5aissance & m l ,italian or ,fr5* "w ?an ,engli%4 ,ar*itectural m\ld+s1 wrea?s ( fl[]s1 cupids1 & an allegorical figure ( ,fai? are h>moni\sly comb9$ 9 ! design1 ! size ( ! :ole frame be+ #d ft4 #e ins4 by #c ft4 #f ins4 ,x be>s ! date #aeei & initials ,r4 ,m42 ?is 0 ! ye> 9 :i* ,rol& ,meyrick became ,bi%op ( ,bangor1 & x is /ill 9 ! possession ( ! ,meyrick family4 ,a c>eful draw+ ( ?is frame 0 made by ,h5ry ,%aw1 ,f4,s4,a41 & publi%$ 9 ,specim5s ( ,anci5t ,furniture drawn f exi/+ ,au?orities1 9 #ahcf4 ,?is valuable "w ( ref]5ce also conta9s f9i%$ draw+s ( o!r notewor?y examples ( ! sixte5? c5tury furniture & woodwork4 ,among/ ^! is "o ( ! ,abbot's *air at ,gla/onbury1 temp4 ,h5ry ,,viii41 ! orig9al ( ! *air famili> to u n[ 9 ! *ancel ( mo/ *ur*es2 also a *air 9 ! /ate-room ( ,h>dwick ,hall1 ,d]by%ire1 cov]$ ) crimson velvet embroid]$ ) silv] tissue1 & o!rs1 v int]e/+ to ref] to because ! illu/rations are all drawn f ! articles !mselves1 & _! descriptions are writt5 by an excell5t antiqu>ian & collector1 ,sir ,samuel ,ru% ,meyrick4 ,! mirror frame1 describ$ above1 0 probably "o ( ! fir/ ( its size & k9d 9 ,engl&4 ,x 0 ! cu/om1 z has be5 already /at$1 to pa9t ! walls ) subjects f hi/ory or ,scripture1 & !re are _m precepts 9 exi/5ce f e>ly times until ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ,h5ry ,,viii4's reign1 direct+ h[ c]ta9 walls 7 to be decorat$4 ,! discont9uance ( ?is fa%ion br\ght ab\t ! fram+ ( pictures1 & "s ( ! pa9t+s by ,holbe91 :o came to ?is c\ntry ab\t #aeaa1 & receiv$ ! patronage ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 "s f\rte5 or fifte5 ye>s lat]1 are probably ! fir/ pictures t 7 fram$ 9 ,engl&4 ,!re are "s two or ?ree ( ^! at ,hampton ,c\rt ,palace1 ! ornam5t be+ a scroll 9 gold on a black backgr\nd1 ! wid? ( ! frame v small 9 comp>ison ) its canvas4 ,"s ( ! old wall pa9t+s _h be5 on a small scale1 &1 :]e long /ories 7 repres5t$1 ! subjects in/ead ( occupy+ ! :ole flank ( ! wall1 _h be5 divid$ into r[s "s ?ree feet or less 9 height1 ^! be+ sep>at$ by batt5s1 & !re=e ! fir/ frames w\ld appe> to be really little m ?an ! addition ( v]tical sides to ! horizontal top & bottom :i* su* batt5s _h =m$4 ,subsequ5tly1 frames became m ornate & elaborate4 ,aft] _! application to pictures1 _! use = mirrors 0 b a /ep 9 advance1 & ! mirror 9 a c>v$ & gilt or decorat$ frame1 probably at fir/ import$ & aft]w>ds copi$1 came to replace ! old] mirror ( v small dim5sions = toilet use4 ,until e>ly 9 ! fifte5? c5tury1 mirrors ( poli%$ /eel 9 ! antique /yle1 fram$ 9 silv] & ivory1 _h be5 us$2 9 ! w>drobe acc\nt ( ,edw>d ,i4 ! item occurs1 ,a comb & a mirror ( silv] gilt1 & we h an extract f ! privy purse ( exp5ses ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 :i* m5tions ! paym5t to a ,fr5*man = c]tayne lok+ glasses1 :i* w\ld probably be a novelty !n br\ght to 8 ,maje/y's notice4 ,inde$1 !re 0 no glass us$ = w9d[s#h previ\s to ! fifte5? c5tury1 ! sub/itute be+ %av$ horn1 p>*m5t1 & sometimes mica1 let into ! %utt]s :i* enclos$ ! w9d[ op5+4 ,! oak panell+ ( rooms dur+ ! reign ( ,elizabe? 0 v h&some1 & 9 ! example at ,s\? ,k5s+ton1 ( :i* !re is "h an illu/ration1 ! c\ntry possesses a v excell5t repres5tative specim54 ,?is 0 remov$ f an old h\se at ,exet]1 & its date is giv5 by ,mr4 ,hung]=d ,poll5 z f #aeej-ge4 ,! pila/]s & c>v$ panels "u ! cornice are v ri* & 9 ! be/ /yle ( ,elizabe?an ,r5aissance1 :ile ! panels !mselves1 be+ pla91 af=d repose1 & br+ ! ornam5t into relief4 ,! entire l5g? is #eb ft4 & av]age height #h ft4 #c 94 ,if ?is panell+ c\ld be arrang$ z x 0 fitt$ orig9ally 9 ! h\se ( "o ( ,elizabe?'s subjects1 ) models ( fireplace1 m\ld$ ceil+1 & accessories add$1 we %\ld !n h an object lesson ( value1 & be able to picture a ,drake or a ,raleigh 9 8 ,we/ ( ,engl& home4 ,illu/ration3 ,c>v$ ,oak ,elizabe?an ,b$/ead4 ,a lat] pur*ase by ! ,sci5ce & ,art ,dep>tm5t1 :i* 0 only secur$ la/ ye> = ! extremely mod]ate price ( #a1jjj1 is ! panell+ ( a room "s #bc ft4 squ>e & #ab ft4 #f 94 high1 f ,siz]gh ,ca/le1 ,we/morel&4 ,! *imney piece 0 un=tunately n pur*as$1 b ! ,dep>tm5t has arrang$ ! panell+ z a room ) a pla/] model ( ! extremely h&some ceil+4 ,! panell+ is ( ri*ly figur$ oak1 entirely devoid ( poli%1 & is inlaid ) black bog oak & holly1 9 geometrical designs1 be+ divid$ at int]vals by tall pila/]s flut$ ) bog oak & hav+ ,ionic capitals4 ,! "w 0 probably done locally1 & f wood gr[n on ! e/ate1 & is "o ( ! mo/ rem>kable examples 9 exi/5ce4 ,! date is ab\t #aefj to #aegj1 & x has be5 describ$ 9 local lit]ature ( ne>ly #bjj ye>s ago4 ,illu/ration3 ,oak ,wa9scot+1 ,f an old h\se 9 ,exet]4 ,s4 ,k5s+ton ,museum4 ,p]iod3 ,engli% ,r5aissance 7,ab\t #aeej-ge74 ,:ile we are on ! subject ( panell+1 x may be wor? :ile to po9t out t ) reg>d to old ,engli% "w ( ?is date1 "o may safely take x = grant$ t :]e1 z 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton 7,exet]7 example1 ! pila/]s1 frieze1 & frame-"w are enri*$1 & ! panels pla91 ! "w 0 design$ & made = ! h\se1 b1 :5 ! panels are c>v$ & ! re/ pla91 !y 7 b\ght1 & !n fitt$ up by ! local c>p5t]4 ,ano!r ,museum specim5 ( ,elizabe?an c>v$ oak is a f\rpo/ b$/ead1 ) ! arms ( ! ,c\ntess ( ,devon1 :i* be>s date #aeic1 & has all ! *>act]i/ics ( ! "t4 ,!re is also a good example ( ,elizabe?an woodwork 9 "p ( ! int]ior ( ! ,*>t]h\se1 immortalis$ by ,?ack]ay1 :51 z ,greyfri>s1 9 ,! ,newcomes1 he describ$ x z ! old s*ool :]e ! colonel1 & ,clive1 & ,i 7 br\ght up1 & x 0 "h t1 z a poor bro!r1 ! old colonel _h return$ to sp5d ! ev5+ ( 8 g5tle life1 &1 to quote ,?ack]ay's pa!tic l9es1 :5 ! *apel bell began to toll1 he lift$ up 8 head a little1 & said ',adsum6' ,x 0 ! ^w we us$ at s*ool :5 names 7 call$4 ,?is fam\s relic ( old ,london1 :i* =tunately escap$ ! great fire 9 #afff1 0 =m]ly an old mona/]y :i* ,h5ry ,,viii4 dissolv$ 9 #aecg1 & ! h\se 0 giv5 "s few ye>s lat] to ,sir ,edw>d1 aft]w>ds ,"l ,nor?1 f :om ! ,duke ( ,norfolk pur*as$ x 9 #aefe1 & ! h&some /aircase1 c>v$ ) t]m9al figures & ,r5aissance ornam5t1 0 probably built ei!r by ,"l ,nor? or 8 successor4 ,! woodwork ( ! ,great ,hall1 :]e ! p5sion]s /ill d9e e day1 is v ri*1 ! flut$ columns ) ,cor9?ian capitals1 ! int]lac$ /rap "w1 & o!r details ( c>v$ oak1 are *>act]i/ic ( ! be/ sixte5? c5tury woodwork 9 ,engl&2 ! %ield be>s ! date ( #aega4 ,?is 0 ! ye> :5 ! ,duke ( ,norfolk1 :o 0 aft]w>ds behead$1 0 releas$ f ! ,t[] on a k9d ( furl\gh1 & probably amus$ himself ) ! enri*m5t ( 8 mansion1 !n call$ ,h[>d ,h\se4 ,9 ! old ,gov]nors' room1 =m]ly ! draw+ room ( ! ,h[>ds1 !re is a specim5 ( ! l>ge wood5 *imney piece ( ! end ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 pa9t$ in/ead ( c>v$4 ,aft] ! ,duke ( ,norfolk's dea?1 ! h\se 0 grant$ by ! ,cr[n to 8 son1 ! ,e>l ( ,suffolk1 :o sold x 9 #afaa to ! f\nd] ( ! pres5t hospital1 ,sir ,?omas ,sutton1 a citiz5 :o 0 reput$ to be "o ( ! weal?ie/ ( 8 "t1 & "s ( ! furniture giv5 by him w be f\nd notic$ 9 ! *apt] on ! ,jacobean p]iod4 ,illu/ration3 ,d9+ ,hall 9 ! ,*>t]h\se4 ,%ew+ ,oak ,scre5 & front ( ,m9/rels' ,gall]y1 dat$ #aega4 ,p]iod3 ,elizabe?an4 ,illu/ration3 ,scre5 9 ! ,hall ( ,gray's ,inn4 ,) ,table & ,desks ref]r$ to4 ,!re are 9 ,london o!r excell5t examples ( ,elizabe?an oak c>v+4 ,among/ ^? easily accessible & valuable = ref]5ce are ! ,hall ( ,gray's ,inn1 built 9 #aefj1 ! second ye> ( ! ,que5's reign1 & ,middle ,temple ,hall1 built 9 #aegj-b4 ,an illu/ration ( ! c>v$ scre5 support+ ! ,m9/rels' ,gall]y 9 ! old] ,hall is giv5 by p]mission ( ,mr4 ,william ,r4 ,d\?waite1 libr>ian ( ! ,inn1 = ^: "w1 ,gray's ,inn1 its ,hi/ory & ,associations1 x 0 specially prep>$4 ,! int]lac$ /rap "w g5]ally f\nd 9 ,elizabe?an c>v+1 encircles ! %afts ( ! columns z a decoration4 ,! table 9 ! c5tre has also "s l[ relief c>v+ on ! draw] front :i* =ms its frieze1 b ! /raight & sev]e /yle ( leg leads u to place its date at "s fifty ye>s lat] ?an ! ,hall4 ,! desk on ! left1 & ! table on ! "r1 are probably lat] /ill4 ,x may be m5tion$ "h1 too1 t ! long table :i* /&s at ! opposite end ( ! ,hall1 on ! das1 said to h be5 pres5t$ by ,que5 ,elizabe?1 is n ( ! design ) :i* ! furniture ( h] reign is associat$ by exp]ts2 ! heavy cabriole legs1 ) b5t knees1 correspond+ ) ! legs ( ! *airs 7also on ! das71 are ( unmi/akable ,dut* orig91 &1 s f> z ! writ]'s obs]vations & inve/igations h gone1 7 introduc$ into ,engl& ab\t ! "t ( ,william ,,iii4 ,! same rem>ks apply to a table 9 ,middle ,temple ,hall1 also said to h be5 !re dur+ ,elizabe?'s "t4 ,mr4 ,d\?waite alludes to ! rum\r ( ! ,que5's gift 9 8 book1 & endeav\r$ to sub/antiate x f records at 8 comm&1 b 9 va94 ,! au?orities at ,middle ,temple are also1 s f> z we h be5 able to asc]ta91 )\t any docum5t>y evid5ce to prove ! claim ( _! table to any great] age ?an ! end ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,! c>v$ oak scre5 ( ,middle ,temple ,hall is magnific5t1 & no "o %\ld miss see+ x4 ,t]m9al figures1 flut$ columns1 panels brok5 up into small] divisions1 & c>v$ enri*m5ts ( v>i\s devices1 are all comb9$ 9 a h>moni\s design1 ri* )\t be+ ov]cr[d$1 & its effect is enhanc$ by ! ri* color giv5 to x by age1 by ! excell5t proportions ( ! ,hall1 by ! pla9 panell+ ( ! ?ree o!r sides1 & above all by ! gr& oak ro(1 :i* is c]ta9ly "o ( ! f9e/ ( its k9d 9 ,engl&4 ,"s ( ! tables & =ms are ( mu* lat] date1 b an int]e/ atta*es ev5 to ?is furniture f ! fact ( its hav+ be5 made f oak gr[n close to ! ,hall2 & z "o ( ! tables has a slab compos$ ( an oak plank ne>ly ?irty in*es wide1 we c imag9e :at f9e old trees once grew & fl\ri%$ close to ! n[ busy ,fleet ,/reet1 & ! bu/l+ ,/r&4 ,!re are frames1 too1 9 ,middle ,temple made f ! oak5 timb]s :i* once =m$ ! piles 9 ! ,?ames1 on :i* re/$ ! ,temple ,/airs4 ,9 ,mr4 ,h]b]t's ,antiquities ( ! ,c\rts ( ,*anc]y1 !re are sev]al facts ( int]e/ 9 connection ) ! woodwork ( ,middle ,temple4 ,he m5tions t ! scre5 0 paid = by contributions f ea* b5*] ( tw5ty %ill+s1 ea* b>ri/] ( t5 %ill+s1 & e o!r memb] ( six %ill+s & eightp5ce2 t ! ,hall 0 f\nd$ 9 #aefb1 & furni%$ t5 ye>s lat]1 ! scre5 be+ put up 9 #aegd3 & t ! memorials ( "s two hundr$ & fifty ,read]s :i* decorate ! o!rwise pla9 oak panell+1 date f #aeig to #ahjd1 ! ye> 9 :i* ,mr4 ,h]b]t's book 0 publi%$4 ,ref]r+ to ! furniture1 he says3--,! massy oak tables & b5*es ) :i* ?is ap>tm5t 0 anci5tly furni%$1 /ill rema91 & s may d = c5turies1 unless viol5tly de/roy$1 be+ ( wond]ful /r5g?4 ,mr4 ,h]b]t also m5tions ! masks & revels held 9 ?is fam\s ,hall 9 ! "t ( ,elizabe?3 he also gives a li/ ( quantities & prices ( mat]ials us$ 9 ! decoration ( ,gray's ,inn ,hall4 ,illu/ration3 ,?ree ,c>v$ ,oak ,panels4 ,n[ 9 ! ,c\rt ,room ( ! ,hall ( ! ,c>p5t]s' ,company4 ,remov$ f ! =m] ,hall4 ,p]iod3 ,elizabe?an4 ,9 ! ,hall ( ! ,c>p5t]s' ,company1 9 ,?rogmorton ,av5ue1 are ?ree curi\s c>v$ oak panels1 wor? notic+ "h1 z !y are ( a date br++ !m well into ?is p]iod4 ,!y 7 =m]ly 9 ! old ,hall1 :i* escap$ ! ,great ,fire1 & 9 ! acc\nt books ( ! ,corporation is ! foll[+ record ( ! co/ ( "o ( ^! panels3-- ,paide = a planke to c>ve ! arms ( ! ,companie iijs4 ,paide to ! ,c>v] = c>v+e ! ,arms ( ! ,companie xxiijs4 iiijd4 ,! price ( mat]ial 7#cs47 & workman%ip 7#bcs4 #d;d47 0 c]ta9ly n excessive4 ,all ?ree panels are 9 excell5t pres]vation1 & ! design ( a h>p1 be+ a rebus ( ! ,ma/]'s "n1 is a qua9t relic ( old cu/oms4 ,"s o!r oak furniture1 9 ! ,hall ( ?is anci5t ,company1 w be notic$ 9 ! foll[+ *apt]4 ,mr4 ,jupp1 a =m] ,cl]k ( ! ,company1 has writt5 an hi/orical acc\nt ( ! ,c>p5t]s1 :i* conta9s _m facts ( int]e/4 ,! (fice ( ,k+'s ,c>p5t] or ,surveyor1 ! p[]s ( ! ,c>p5t]s to se>*1 exam9e1 & impose f9es = ineffici5t "w1 & ! trade disputes ) ! ,joyn]s1 ! ,sawy]s1 & ! ,woodmong]s1 are all ent]ta9+ read+1 & ?r[ _m side-lights on ! woodwork ( ! sixte5? & sev5te5? c5turies4 ,illu/ration3 ,"p ( an ,elizabe?an ,/aircase4 ,! illu/ration ( ,h>dwick ,hall %ews oak panell+ & decoration ( a some:at e>li]1 & also some:at lat] "t ?an ,elizabe?1 :ile ! c>v$ oak *airs are ( ,jacobean /yle4 ,at ,h>dwick is /ill kept ! hi/oric *air 9 :i* x is said t ,william1 f\r? ,e>l ( ,devon%ire1 sat :5 he & 8 fri5ds compass$ ! d[nfall ( ,james ,,ii4 ,9 ! curi\s little *apel hung ) anci5t tape/ry1 & conta9+ ! orig9al ,bible & ,pray] ,book ( ,*>les ,i41 are o!r qua9t *airs cov]$ ) cu%ions ( sixte5? or e>ly sev5te5? c5tury ne$lework4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,entrance ,hall1 ,h>dwick ,hall4 ,p]iod ,( ,furniture1 ,jacobean1 ,,xvii4 ,c5tury4 ,be=e conclud+ ! rem>ks on ?is p]iod ( ,engli% woodwork & furniture1 fur!r m5tion %\ld be made ( ,p5%ur/ ,place1 to :i* !re has be5 already "s ref]5ce 9 ! *apt] on ! p]iod ( ! ,middle ,ages4 ,x 0 "h t ,sir ,philip ,sydney sp5t mu* ( 8 "t1 & produc$ 8 be/ lit]>y "w1 dur+ ! p]iod ( 8 retirem5t :5 he _h lo/ ! fav\r ( ,elizabe?1 & 9 ! room kn[n z ! ,que5's ,room1 illu/rat$ on p4 #hi1 "s ( ! furniture is ( ?is p]iod2 ! cry/al *&eli]s are said to h be5 giv5 by ,leice/] to 8 ,royal ,mi/ress1 & "s ( ! *airs & tables 7 s5t d[n by ! ,que51 & pres5t$ to ,sir ,h5ry ,sydney 7,philip's fa!r7 :5 %e /ay$ at ,p5%ur/ dur+ "o ( h] ,royal progresses4 ,! room1 ) its vases & b[ls ( old ori5tal *9a & ! contempor>y portraits on ! walls1 gives u a good idea ( ! v be/ effect t 0 atta9able ) ! mat]ial !n available4 ,ri*>dson's ,/udies conta9s1 among/ o!r examples ( furniture1 & c>v$ oak decorations ( ,engli% ,r5aissance1 int]iors ( ,little ,*>lton1 ,ea/ ,sutton ,place1 ,/ockton ,h\se1 ,wilts1 ,audley ,end1 ,essex1 & ! ,great ,hall1 ,crewe1 ) its beautiful hall scre5s & fam\s c>v$ p>loir1 all notable mansions ( ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,to ?is p]iod ( ,engli% furniture belongs ! celebrat$ ,great ,b$ ( ,w>e1 ( :i* !re is an illu/ration4 ,?is 0 =m]ly at ! ,s>ac5's ,head at ,w>e1 b has be5 remov$ to ,rye ,h\se1 ab\t two miles away4 ,%akespe>e's allusion to x 9 ! ,twelf? ,night has id5tifi$ ! approximate date & gives ! b$ a "*4 ,! foll[+ are ! l9es3-- ,,sir ,,toby ,,bel*4--,& z _m lies z %all lie 9 ?y %eet ( pap]1 al?o' ! %eet 7 big en\gh = ! ,b$ ( ,w>e 9 ,engl&1 set em d[n1 g ab\t x4 ,ano!r illu/ration %[s ! *air :i* is said to h belong$ to ,william ,%akespe>e2 x may or may n be ! actual "o us$ by ! poet1 b x is mo/ probably a g5u9e specim5 ( ab\t 8 "t1 ?\gh p]haps n made 9 ,engl&4 ,!re is a manuscript on its back :i* /ates t x 0 kn[n 9 #agfi z ! ,%akespe>e ,*air1 :5 ,g>rick borr[$ x f its own]1 ,mr4 ,james ,bacon1 ( ,b>net1 & s9ce t "t its hi/ory is well kn[n4 ,! c>v$ ornam5t is 9 l[ relief1 & repres5ts a r\gh idea ( ! dome ( ,s4 ,m>c & ! ,campanile ,t[]4 ,we h n[ briefly & r\ghly trac$ ! advance ( :at may be t]m$ ! flood-tide ( ,art f its bir?place 9 ,italy to ,france1 ! ,ne!rl&s1 ,spa91 ,g]many1 & ,engl&1 & by explanation & description1 assi/$ by illu/rations1 h endeav\r$ to %ew h[ ! ,go?ic ( ! latt] "p ( ! ,middle ,ages gave way be=e ! revival ( classic =ms & arabesque ornam5t1 ) ! _m details & peculi>ities *>act]i/ic ( ea* diff]5t nationality :i* _h adopt$ ! g5]al *ange4 ,dur+ ?is p]iod ! bahut or *e/ has become a cab9et ) all its v>ieties2 ! simple prie dieu *air1 z a devotional piece ( furniture1 has be5 elaborat$ into almo/ an oratory1 &1 z a dome/ic seat1 into a dignifi$ ?rone2 tables h1 t[>ds ! end ( ! p]iod1 become m ornate1 & made z solid pieces ( furniture1 in/ead ( ! planks & tressels :i* we f\nd :5 ! ,r5aissance comm5c$4 ,*imney pieces1 :i* 9 ! f\rte5? c5tury 7 m]ely /one smoke %afts support$ by corbels1 h be5 replac$ by h&some c>v$ oak erections1 ornam5t+ ! hall or room f floor to ceil+1 & ! ,engli% liv]y cupbo>d1 ) its =eign contempor>y ! buffet1 is ! =]unn] ( ! sidebo>d ( ! future4 ,illu/ration3 ,%akespe>e's ,*air4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,great ,b$ ( ,w>e4 ,=m]ly at ! ,s>ac5's ,head1 ,w>e1 b n[ at ,rye ,h\se1 ,broxb\rne1 ,h]ts4 ,p]iod3 ,,xvi4 ,c5tury4 ,c>v$ oak panell+ has replac$ ! old arras & rud] wood l9+ ( an e>li] "t1 & ) ! dep>ture ( ! old feudal cu/oms & ! indulg5ce 9 great] luxuries ( ! m weal?y nobles & m]*ants 9 ,italy1 ,fl&]s1 ,france1 ,g]many1 ,spa91 & ,engl&1 we h ! elegancies & grace ) :i* ,art1 & increas$ means ( gratify+ ta/e1 enabl$ ! sixte5? c5tury virtuoso to adorn 8 home4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,que5's ,room1 ,p5%ur/ ,place4 7,reproduc$ f ,hi/oric ,h\ses ( ! ,unit$ ,k+dom by p]mission ( ,messrs4 ,cassell ,co41 ,limit$47 ,illu/ration3 ,c>v$ ,oak ,*imney ,piece 9 ,speke ,hall1 ,ne> ,liv]pool4 ,p]iod3 ,elizabe?an4 ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,jacobean furniture4 ,engli% ,home ,life 9 ! ,reign ( ,james ,i4--,sir ,h5ry ,wootton quot$--,inigo ,jones & 8 "w--,=d ,ca/le--,*imney ,pieces 9 ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum--,table 9 ! ,c>p5t]s' ,hall---,hall ( ! ,b>b]s' ,company--,! ,*>t]h\se--,"t ( ,*>les ,i4--,furniture at ,knole--,eagle ,h\se1 ,wimbl$on1 ,mr4 ,*>les ,ea/lake--,monum5ts at ,cant]bury & ,we/m9/]--,settles1 ,c\*es1 & ,*airs ( ! ,/u>t p]iod--,sir ,paul ,p9d>'s ,h\se--,cromwellian ,furniture--,! ,re/oration--,indo-,portuguese ,furniture--,hampton ,c\rt ,palace--,evelyn's description--,! ,great ,fire ( ,london--,hall ( ! ,brew]s' ,company--,oak ,panell+ ( ! "t--,gr9l+ ,gibbons & 8 "w--,! ,edict ( ,nantes--,silv] ,furniture at ,knole--,william ,,iii4 & ,dut* influ5ce--,que5 ,anne--,sidebo>ds1 ,bureaus1 & ,gr&fa!r's ,clocks--,furniture at ,hampton ,c\rt4 ,illu/ration ,9 ! *apt] on ,r5aissance ! great ,art revival 9 ,engl& has be5 notic$2 9 ! ,elizabe?an oak "w ( *imney pieces1 panell+1 & furniture1 are to be f\nd v>y+ =ms ( ! free classic /yle :i* ! ,r5aissance _h br\ght ab\t4 ,^! fluctuat+ *anges 9 fa%ion cont9u$ 9 ,engl& f ! "t ( ,elizabe? until ! middle ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 :51 z w be %ewn pres5tly1 a di/9ct alt]ation 9 ! design ( furniture took place4 ,! dome/ic habits ( ,engli%m5 7 gett+ m e/abli%$4 ,we h se5 h[ religi\s p]secution dur+ prec$+ reigns1 at ! "t ( ! ,re=mation1 _h enc\rag$ private dome/ic life ( families1 9 ! small] rooms & ap>t f ! gossip+ reta9]1 :o might at any "t br+ de/ruction ^u ! h\sehold by giv+ in=mation ab\t items ( conv]sation he _h ov]he>d4 ,!re is a passage 9 "o ( ,sir ,h5ry ,wootton's lett]s1 writt5 9 #afjj1 :i* %ews t ?is home life 0 n[ becom+ a settl$ *>act]i/ic ( 8 c\ntrym54 ,e man's prop] mansion h\se & home1 be+ ! !atre ( 8 hospitality1 ! seate ( 8 selfe fruition1 ! com=table "p ( 8 own life1 ! noble/ ( 8 son's inh]itance1 a k9d ( private pr9c$om1 nay ! possession !re( an epitome ( ! :ole _w1 may well des]ve by ^! attributes1 accord+ to ! degree ( ! ma/]1 to be delightfully adorn$4 ,illu/ration3 ,oak ,*imney ,piece 9 ,sir ,walt] ,raleigh's ,h\se1 ,y\ghal1 ,irel&4 ,said to be ! "w ( a ,flemi% ,arti/ :o 0 br\ght ov] = ! purpose ( execut+ ?is & o!r c>v$ "w at ,y\ghal4 ,sir ,h5ry ,wootton 0 ambassador 9 ,v5ice 9 #afjd1 & is said to h be5 ! au?or ( ! well-kn[n def9ition ( an ambassador's call+1 namely1 an hone/ man s5t abroad to lie = 8 c\ntry's good4 ,?is (f5d$ ! piety ( ,james ,i41 & caus$ him = "s "t to be 9 disgrace4 ,he also publi%$ "s #bj ye>s lat] ,elem5ts ( ,ar*itecture1 & be+ an antiqu>ian & man ( ta/e1 s5t home _m specim5s ( ! fam\s ,italian wood c>v+4 ,x 0 dur+ ! reign ( ,james ,i4 & t ( 8 successor t ,inigo ,jones1 our ,engli% ,vitruvius1 0 mak+ 8 great reputation2 he _h return$ f ,italy full ( en?usiasm = ! ,r5aissance ( ,palladio & 8 s*ool1 & ( k & ta/e ga9$ by a dilig5t /udy ( ! anci5t classic build+s ( ,rome2 8 influ5ce w\ld be spe$ily felt 9 ! design ( woodwork fitt+s1 = ! int]iors ( 8 edifices4 ,!re is a note 9 8 own copy ( ,palladio1 :i* is n[ 9 ! libr>y ( ,worce/] ,college1 ,ox=d1 :i* is wor? quot+3-- ,9 ! "n ( ,god3 ,am54 ,! #b ( ,janu>y1 #afad1 ,i be+ 9 ,rome comp>$ ^! des9es foll[+1 ) ! ,ru9es !mselves4--,,inigo ,,jones4 ,illu/ration3 ,*imney ,piece 9 ,byfleet ,h\se4 ,e>ly ,jacobean4 ,9 ! foll[+ ye> he return$ f ,italy on 8 appo9tm5t z ,k+'s surveyor ( works1 & until 8 dea? 9 #afeb 0 full ( "w1 ?\gh un=tunately = u1 mu* t he design$ 0 nev] c>ri$ out1 & mu* t he c>ri$ out has be5 de/roy$ by fire4 ,! ,banquet+ ,hall ( ,:itehall1 n[ ,:itehall ,*apel2 ,/4 ,paul's1 ,cov5t ,g>d52 ! old wat] gate orig9ally int5d$ z ! entrance to ! fir/ ,duke ( ,buck+ham's ,palace1 close to ,*>+ ,cross2 ,nos4 #ee & #ef1 on ! s\? side ( ,great ,que5 ,/reet1 ,l9coln's ,inn2 & "o or two monum5ts & por*es1 are among/ ! examples t rema9 to u ( ?is great ma/]'s "w2 & ( int]iors1 t ( ,a%burnham ,h\se is left to rem9d u1 ) its quiet dignity ( /yle1 ( ?is great ma/]4 ,x has be5 said 9 speak+ ( ! /aircase1 pla/] ornam5t1 & woodwork ( ?is int]ior1 ^u ! :ole is set ! seal ( ! "t ( ,*>les ,i4 ,z ! "w 0 probably f9i%$ dur+ t ,k+'s reign1 ! impression int5d$ to be convey$ 0 t aft] wood c>v+ _h r run riot t[>ds ! end ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 we _h n[ 9 ! int]ior design$ by ,inigo ,jones1 or influ5c$ by 8 s*ool1 a m quiet & sob] /yle4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,k+'s ,*amb]1 ,=d ,ca/le4 ,! above woodcut %ews a portion ( ! ,k+'s room 9 ,=d ,ca/le1 :i* /ill conta9s s\v5irs ( ,flodd5 ,field--accord+ to an article 9 ! ,magaz9e ( ,art4 ,! room is 9 ! nor!rnmo/ t[]1 :i* /ill pres]ves ext]nally ! /]n1 grim "* ( ! bord] =tress2 & ! room looks t[>ds ! fam\s battle-field4 ,! *air %ews a date #afch1 & !re is ano!r ( ,dut* design ( ab\t fifty or sixty ye>s lat]2 b ! c>v$ oak b$/ead1 ) tape/ry hang+s1 & ! oak press1 :i* ! writ] ( ! article m5tions z =m+ "p ( ! old furniture ( ! room1 sc>cely appe> 9 ! illu/ration4 ,mr4 ,hung]=d ,poll5 tells u t ! majority ( s-call$ ,tudor h\ses 7 actually built dur+ ! reign ( ,james ,i41 & ?is may probably be accept$ z an explanation ( ! o!rwise curi\s fact ( !re be+ mu* 9 ! ar*itecture & woodwork ( ?is "t :i* w\ld seem to h belong$ to ! e>li] p]iod4 ,! illu/rations ( wood5 *imney-pieces w %[ ?is *ange4 ,!re are 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum "s ?ree or f\r *imney-pieces ( /one1 hav+ ! upp] portions ( c>v$ oak1 ! dates ( :i* h be5 asc]ta9$ to be ab\t #afbj2 ^! 7 remov$ f an old h\se 9 ,lime ,/reet1 ,city1 & give u an idea ( ! int]ior decoration ( a resid5ce ( a ,london m]*ant4 ,! "o illu/rat$ is some:at ri*] ?an ! o!rs1 ! columns support+ ! cornice ( ! o!rs be+ almo/ pla9 pill>s ) ,ionic or ,doric capitals1 & ! c>v+ ( ! panels ( all ( !m is 9 less relief1 & simpl] 9 "*1 ?an ^? :i* occur 9 ! latt] "p ( ,elizabe?'s "t4 ,illu/ration3 ,c>v$ ,oak ,c5tre ,table4 ,9 ! ,hall ( ! ,c>p5t]s' ,company4 ,! e>lie/ dat$ piece ( ,jacobean furniture :i* has come "u ! writ]'s obs]vation is ! octagonal table belong+ to ! ,c>p5t]s' ,company4 ,! illu/ration1 tak5 f ,mr4 ,jupp's book ref]r$ to 9 ! la/ *apt]1 h>dly does ! table ju/ice2 x is really a v h&some piece ( furniture1 & measures ab\t #c feet #c in*es 9 diamet]4 ,9 ! sp&rils ( ! ar*es betwe5 ! legs are ! lett]s ,r4,w41 ,g4,i41 ,j4,r41 & ,w4,w41 be+ ! initials ( ,ri*>d ,wyatt1 ,george ,isack1 ,john ,reeve1 & ,william ,willson1 :o 7 ,ma/] & ,w>d5s ( ! ,company 9 #afjf1 :i* date is c>v$ 9 two ( ! sp&rils4 ,:ile ! ornam5tal legs %ew "s ( ! *>act]i/ics ( ,elizabe?an "w1 ! treatm5t is less bold1 ! l>ge acorn-%ap$ memb] has become m ref9$ & att5uat$1 & ! ornam5t is altoge!r m subdu$4 ,?is is a rem>kable specim5 ( e>ly ,jacobean furniture1 & is ! only "o ( ! %ape & k9d kn[n to ! writ]2 x is 9 excell5t pres]vation1 save t ! top is split1 & x %ews signs ( hav+ be5 made ) consid]able skill & c>e4 ,illu/ration3 ,c>v$ ,oak ,*air4 ,f ,ab+don ,p>k4 ,c>v$ ,oak ,*air4 ,9 ! ,c>p5t]s' ,hall ,f ,photos 9 ! ,s4 ,k5s+ton ,museum ,album4 ,e>ly ,,xvii4 ,c5tury4 ,engli%4 ,! ,sci5ce & ,art ,dep>tm5t keep = ref]5ce an album conta9+ photographs1 n only ( _m ( ! specim5s 9 ! diff]5t museums "u its control1 b also ( "s ( ^? :i* h be5 l5t = a tempor>y exhibition4 ,! illu/ration ( ! above two *airs is tak5 f ?is s\rce1 ! album hav+ be5 plac$ at ! writ]'s disposal by ! c\rtesy ( ,mr4 ,jones1 ( ! ,photograph ,dep>tm5t4 ,! left-h& *air1 f ,ab+don ,p>k1 is said to h belong$ to ,lady ,b>n>d1 ,%akespe>e's gr&-daught]1 & ! o!r may /ill be se5 9 ! ,hall ( ! ,c>p5t]s' ,company4 ,illu/ration3 ,oak ,*imney ,piece4 ,remov$ f an old h\se 9 ,lime ,/reet1 ,city4 7,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum47 ,p]iod3 ,james ,i4 ,9 ! ,hall ( ! ,b>b]s' ,company 9 ,monkswell ,/reet1 ! ,c\rt room1 :i* is light$ ) an octagonal cupola1 0 design$ by ,inigo ,jones z a ,!atre ( ,anatomy1 :5 ! ,b>b]s & ,surgeons 7 "o corporation4 ,!re are "s ?ree or f\r tallies ( ?is p]iod 9 ! ,hall1 hav+ f\r legs connect$ by /ret*]s1 q pla92 ! m\ld$ edges ( ! table tops are also )\t enri*m5t4 ,^! pla9 oak slabs1 & also ! /ret*]s1 h be5 r5ew$1 b 9 exactly ! same /yle z ! orig9al "w2 ! legs1 h[ev]1 are ! old ones1 & are simple columns ) pla9 turn$ capitals & bases4 ,o!r tables ( ?is p]iod are to be f\nd 9 a few old c\ntry mansions2 !re is "o 9 ,longleat1 :i*1 ! writ] has be5 told1 has a small draw] at ! end1 to hold ! copp] co9s ) :i* ! reta9]s ( ! ,m>quis ( ,ba?'s ance/ors us$ to play a game ( %ovel p5ny4 ,9 ! ,*apt] ,h\se 9 ,we/m9/] ,abbey1 !re is also "o ( ^! pla9 sub/antial ,james ,i4 tables1 :i* is s+ul> 9 be+ ne>ly d\ble ! wid? ( ^? :i* 7 made at ?is "t4 ,z ! ,*apt] ,h\se 01 until comp>atively rec5t ye>s1 us$ z a room = ! /orage ( records1 ?is table 0 probably made1 n z a d9+ table1 b = "s o!r purpose requir+ great] wid?4 ,illu/ration3 ,oak ,sidebo>d 9 ! ,s4 ,k5s+ton ,museum4 ,p]iod3 ,william ,,iii4 ,9 ! *apt] on ,r5aissance !re 0 an allusion to ,*>t]h\se1 :i* 0 pur*as$ = its pres5t purpose by ,?omas ,sutton 9 #afaa1 & 9 ! *apel may be se5 to-day ! orig9al communion table plac$ !re by ! f\nd]4 ,x is ( c>v$ oak1 ) a r[ ( legs runn+ l5g?ways und]nea? ! middle1 & f\r o!rs at ! corn]s2 ^!1 :ile be+ ca/ 9 ! simple l9es notic$ 9 ! tables 9 ! ,b>b]s' ,hall1 & ! ,*apt] ,h\se1 ,we/m9/] ,abbey1 are enri*$ by c>v+ f ! base to ! ?ird ( ! height ( ! leg1 & ! frieze ( ! table is also c>v$ 9 l[ relief4 ,! ri* c>v$ wood scre5 :i* supports ! organ l(t is also ( ,jacobean "w4 ,!re is 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum a c>v$ oak *e/1 ) a c5tre panel repres5t+ ! ,adoration ( ! ,magi1 ab\t ?is date1 #afae-bj2 x is m\nt$ on a /& :i* has ?ree feet 9 front & two beh9d1 mu* m primitive & qua9t ?an ! ornate supports ( ,elizabe?an c>v+1 :ile ! only ornam5t on ! draw] fronts :i* =m ! frieze ( ! /& are m\ld$ panels1 9 ! c5tre ( ea* ( :i* is a turn$ knob by :i* to op5 ! draw]4 ,?is *e/ & ! table :i* =ms its /& 7 probably n int5d$ = ea* o!r4 ,! illu/ration on ! previ\s page %[s ! /&1 :i* is a good repres5tation ( ! c>v+ ( ?is "t1 i4e41 e>ly sev5te5? c5tury4 ,! r\nd back$ arm *air :i* ! ,museum pur*as$ la/ ye> f ! ,hail/one collection1 ?\gh dat$ #afad1 is really m ,elizabe?an 9 design4 ,!re is no great] /oreh\se = specim5s ( furniture 9 use dur+ ! ,jacobean p]iod ?an ,knole1 t /ately mansion ( ! ,sackville family1 !n ! prop]ty ( ! ,e>ls ( ,dorset4 ,9 ! ,k+'s ,b$room1 :i* is said to h be5 specially prep>$ & furni%$ = ! visit ( ,k+ ,james ,i41 ! public1 ow+ to ! c\rtesy & g5]\s _s ( ! pres5t ,"l ,sackville1 c /ill see ! b$1 orig9ally ( crimson silk1 b n[ fad$1 elaborately embroid]$ ) gold4 ,x is said to h co/ #h1jjj1 & ! *airs & seats1 :i* are believ$ to h =m$ "p ( ! orig9al equipm5t ( ! room1 are 9 mu* ! same position z !y !n occupi$4 ,9 ! c>v$ "w ( ?is furniture we _c help ?9k+ ! h& ( ! ,v5etian is to be trac$1 & x is probable !y 7 ei!r import$ or copi$ f a patt]n br\ght ov] = ! purpose4 ,a suite ( furniture ( t "t appe>s to h consi/$ ( six /ools & two arm *airs1 almo/ entirely cov]$ ) velvet1 hav+ ! ,x =m supports1 :i*1 s f> z ! writ]'s inve/igations h gone1 appe> to h come f ,v5ice4 ,9 ! ,leice/] gall]y at ,knole !re is a portrait ( ! ,k+21 pa9t$ by ,myt5s1 seat$ on su* a *air1 & j bel[ ! picture is plac$ ! *air :i* is said to be id5tical ) ! "o portray$4 ,x is simil> to ! "o reproduc$ on page #ajj f a draw+ ( ,mr4 ,*>les ,ea/lake's4 ,illu/ration3 ,seats at ,knole4 ,cov]$ ) ,crimson ,silk ,velvet4 ,p]iod3 ,james ,i4 ,9 ! same gall]y also are ?ree s(as or settees uphol/]$ ) crimson velvet1 & "o ( ^! has an accommodat+ rack1 by :i* ei!r end c be l[]$ at w1 to make a m conv5i5t l\nge4 ,illu/ration3 ,arm ,*air4 ,cov]$ ) ,velvet1 ,r+$ ) ,fr+e & /udd$ ) ,copp] ,nails4 ,e>ly ,,xvii4 ,c5tury4 7,f a ,draw+ ( ! ,orig9al at ,knole1 by ,mr4 ,*>les ,ea/lake47 ,?is excell5t example ( ,jacobean furniture has be5 describ$ & sket*$ by ,mr4 ,*>les ,ea/lake 9 ,h9ts on ,h\sehold ,ta/e4 ,he says3 ,! jo9ts are prop]ly 't5on$' & p9n$ toge!r 9 su* a mann] z to ensure its con/ant /ability4 ,! back is =m$ l t ( a *air1 ) a horizontal rail only at its upp] edge1 b x receives additional /r5g? f ! second rail1 :i* is introduc$ at ! back ( ! seat4 ,9 ,m>cus ,/one's well-kn[n picture ( ,! ,/ol5 ,keys1 ?is is ! s(a portray$4 ,! arm *air illu/rat$ above is "p ( ! same suite ( furniture4 ,! furniture ( ano!r room at ,knole is said to h be5 pres5t$ by ,k+ ,james to ! fir/ ,e>l ( ,middlesex1 :o _h m>ri$ into ! ,dorset family4 ,! au?or has be5 furni%$ ) a photograph ( ?is room2 & ! illu/ration prep>$ f ?is w give ! read] a bett] idea ?an a l5g?y description4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,spangle ,b$room ,at ,knole4 ,! ,furniture ( ?is room 0 pres5t$ by ,james ,i4 to ! ,e>l ( ,middlesex4 7,front a ,photo by ,mr4 ,corke1 ( ,sev5oaks47 ,x seems f ! ,knole furniture1 & a comp>ison ( ! designs ) ^? ( "s ( ! tables & o!r woodwork produc$ dur+ ! same reign1 be>+ ! impress ( ! m sev]e /yle ( ,inigo ,jones1 t !re 7 !n 9 ,engl& two /yles ( decorative furniture4 ,"o ( ^!1 simple & sev]e1 %[+ a reaction f ! grotesque fre$om ( ,elizabe?an c>v+1 & ! o!r1 copi$ f ,v5etian ornam5tal woodwork1 ) cupids on scrolls =m+ ! supports ( /ools1 hav+ ^! ornam5tal legs connect$ by /ret*]s ! design ( :i* is1 9 ! case ( ^? 9 ! ,k+'s ,b$*amb] at ,knole1 a c\ple ( cupids 9 a fly+ attitude hold+ up a cr[n4 ,?is k9d ( furniture 0 g5]ally gilt1 & "u ! black pa9t ( ^? at ,knole are /ill to be se5 traces ( ! gold4 ,mr4 ,ea/lake visit$ ,knole & made c>eful exam9ation & sket*es ( ! ,jacobean furniture !re1 & has well describ$ & illu/rat$ x 9 8 book j ref]r$ to2 he m5tions t he f\nd a slip ( pap] tuck$ b5ea? ! webb+ ( a settle !re1 ) an inscription 9 ,old ,engli% *>act]s :i* fix$ ! date ( "s ( ! furniture at #afbj4 ,9 a lett] to ! writ] on ?is subject1 ,mr4 ,lionel ,sackville ,we/ confirms ?is date by ref]r+ to ! heirloom book1 :i* also be>s out ! writ]'s op9ion t "s ( ! m ri*ly-c>v$ furniture ( ?is "t 0 import$ f ,italy4 ,9 ! ,lady ,*apel ( ,cant]bury ,ca!dral !re is a monum5t ( ,dean ,boys1 :o di$ 9 #afbe4 ,?is repres5ts ! ,dean seat$ 9 8 libr>y1 at a table ) turn$ legs1 ov] :i* !re is a tape/ry cov]4 ,books l9e ! walls ( ! section ( ! room %[n 9 ! /one c>v+2 x diff]s little f ! sanctum ( a lit]>y man ( ! pres5t day4 ,!re are _m o!r monum5ts :i* repres5t furniture ( ?is p]iod1 & among/ ! m curi\s is t ( a *ild ( ,k+ ,james ,i41 9 ,we/m9/] ,abbey1 close to ! monum5t ( ,m>y ,que5 ( ,scots4 ,! *ild is sculptur$ ab\t life size1 9 a c>v$ cradle ( ! "t4 ,9 ,holl& ,h\se1 ,k5s+ton1#i :i* is a good example ( a ,jacobean mansion1 !re is "s oak enri*m5t ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 & also a g>d5 b5*1 ) its back =m$ ( ?ree %ells & ! legs %ap$ & ornam5t$ ) scroll "w4 ,horace ,walpole m5tions ?is seat1 & ascribes ! design to ,francesco ,cleyn1 :o work$ = ,*>les ,i4 & "s ( ! ,c\rt4 ,!re is ano!r ,jacobean h\se ( consid]able int]e/1 ! prop]ty ( ,mr4 ,t4,g4 ,jackson1 ,a4,r4,a4 ,an acc\nt ( x has be5 writt5 by him1 & 0 read to "s memb]s ( ! ,surrey ,ar*aeological ,society1 :o visit$ ,eagle ,h\se1 ,wimbl$on1 9 #ahij4 ,x appe>s to h be5 ! c\ntry seat ( a ,london m]*ant1 :o liv$ e>ly 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,mr4 ,jackson be>s witness to ! excell5ce ( ! workman%ip1 & expresses 8 op9ion t ! c>v$ & decorat$ enri*m5ts 7 execut$ by native & n =eign craftsm54 ,he gives an illu/ration 9 8 pamphlet ( ! sunk ,/rap ,"w1 :i*1 ?\gh ,jacobean 9 its date1 is also f\nd 9 ! c>v$ ornam5t ( ,elizabe?'s "t4 ,ano!r relic ( ?is "t is ! panel ( c>v$ oak 9 ! ly* gate ( ,/4 ,giles'1 ,bloomsbury1 dat$ #afch4 ,?is is a reali/ic repres5tation ( ,! ,resurrection1 & :5 ! writ] exam9$ x a few weeks ago1 x seem$ 9 dang] ( p]i%+ = lack ( a little c>e & att5tion4 ,x is v probable t _h ! reign ( ,*>les ,i4 be5 less tr\bl\s1 ?is w\ld h be5 a "t ( mu* progress 9 ! dome/ic arts 9 ,engl&4 ,! ,que5 0 ( ! ,m$ici family1 ,italian lit]ature 0 9 vogue1 & ,italian arti/s !re=e w\ld probably h be5 enc\rag$ to come ov] & in/ruct our workm54 ,! ,k+ himself 0 an excell5t me*anic1 & boa/$ t he c\ld e>n 8 liv+ at almo/ any trade save ! mak+ ( hang+s4 ,8 fa!r _h e/abli%$ ! tape/ry works at ,mortlake2 he himself _h b\ght ! ,raffaele ,c>toons to enc\rage ! "w--& mu* 0 to be hop$ f a mon>* :o _h ! judgm5t to induce a ,v&yke to settle 9 ,engl&4 ,! ,civil ,w>1 :atev] x has a*iev$ = our lib]ty z subjects1 c]ta9ly h9d]$ by _m ye>s our progress z an arti/ic p4 ,b to consid] "s ( ! furniture ( ?is p]iod 9 detail4 ,until ! sixte5? c5tury 0 well advanc$1 ! ^w table 9 our language meant an index1 or pocket book 7tablets71 or a li/1 n an article ( furniture2 x 01 z we h notic$ 9 ! "t ( ,elizabe?1 compos$ ( bo>ds g5]ally h+$ 9 ! middle = conv5i5ce ( /orage1 & support$ on tre/les :i* 7 sometimes ornam5t$ by c>v$ "w4 ,! ^w tre/le1 by ! way1 is d]iv$ f ! ?re/ule1 i4e41 ?ree-foot$ supports1 & ^! ?ree-legg$ /ools & b5*es =m$ 9 ^? days ! seats = ev]yone except ! ma/] ( ! h\se4 ,*airs 71 z we h se51 sc>ce articles2 sometimes !re 0 only "o1 a ?rone-l seat = an hon\r$ gue/ or = ! ma/] or mi/ress ( ! h\se1 & d\btless our pres5t phrase ( tak+ ! *air is a survival ( ! high place a *air !n held among/ ! h\sehold gods ( a g5tleman's mansion4 ,%akespe>e possibly _h ! bo>ds & tre/les 9 8 m9d :51 ab\t #aeif1 he wrote 9 ,romeo & ,juliet-- ,come1 musicians1 play6 ,a hall6 a hall6 give room & foot x1 girls1 ,m light1 ye knaves1 & turn ! tables up4 ,& z ! sc5e 9 ,k+ ,h5ry ! ,f\r? is plac$ "s ye>s e>li] ?an t ( ,romeo & ,juliet1 x is probable t table _h !n its e>li] mean+1 = ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,york says3-- 444 ,! ,k+ is we>y ,( da9ty & su* pick+ grievances2 ,&1 !re=e1 w he wipe 8 tables clean ,& keep no tell-tale to 8 memory4 ,mr4 ,maskell1 9 8 h&book on ,ivories1 tells u t ! ^w table 0 also us$ 9 ! f\rte5? & fifte5? c5turies to d5ote ! religi\s c>v+s & pa9t+s 9 *ur*es2 & he quotes ,*auc] to %[ t ! ^w 0 us$ to describe ! game ( draughts4 ,!y danc5 & !y play at *ess & tables4 ,n[1 h[ev]1 at ! "t ( :i* we are writ+1 *airs 7 becom+ m pl5tiful & ! table 0 a def9ite article ( furniture4 ,9 inv5tories ( ! "t & = "s tw5ty ye>s previ\s1 z has be5 already notic$ 9 ! prec$+ *apt]1 we f9d m5tion ( joyn$ table1 fram$ table1 /&+ & dormant table1 & ! ^w bo>d _h gradually disappe>$1 al?\gh x rema9s to u z a s\v5ir ( ! pa/ 9 ! "n we /ill give to any body ( m5 meet+ = ! transaction ( bus9ess1 or 9 its m social mean+1 express+ fe/ivity4 ,! wid? ( ^! e>li] tables _h be5 ab\t #cj in*es1 & gue/s sat on "o side only1 ) _! backs to ! wall1 9 ord]1 x may be suppos$1 to be ! m ready to resi/ any sudd5 raid1 :i* might be made on ! h\se1 dur+ ! relaxation ( ! supp] h\r1 & ?is cu/om rema9$ long aft] !re 0 any necessity = its obs]vance4 ,9 ! "t ( ,*>les ! ,fir/ ! wid? 0 increas$1 & a contrivance 0 introduc$ = d\bl+ ! area ( ! top :5 requir$1 by two flaps :i* drew out f ei!r end1 &1 by means ( a w$ge-%ap$ arrangem5t1 ! c5tre or ma9 table top 0 l[]$1 & ! :ole table1 ?us increas$1 became level4 ,illu/rations tak5 f ,mr4 ,g4,t4 ,rob9son's article on furniture 9 ! ,art ,j\rnal ( #ahha1 repres5t a ,draw+e table1 :i* 0 ! "n by :i* ^! late/ improvem5ts 7 kn[n2 ! black l9es 7 ( /a9$ pe> tree1 let into ! oak1 & ! acorn %ap$ memb] ( ! leg is an import$ ,dut* design1 :i* became v common ab\t ?is "t1 & 0 appli$ to ! supports ( cab9ets1 sometimes z 9 ! illu/ration1 pla9ly turn$1 b frequ5tly c>v$4 ,ano!r table ( ?is p]iod 0 ! fold+ table1 :i* 0 made ) twelve1 sixte51 or ) tw5ty legs1 z %ewn 9 ! illu/ration ( ?is example1 & :i*1 z its "n implies1 w\ld %ut up into ab\t "o ?ird its ext5d$ size4 ,!re is "o ( ^! tables 9 ! ,/ation]s' ,hall4 ,illu/ration3 ,c\*1 ,arm ,*air & ,s+le ,*air4 ,c>v$ & ,gilt4 ,uphol/]$ 9 ri* ,silk ,velvet4 ,"p ( ,suite at ,p5%ur/ ,place4 ,also an ,italian ,cab9et4 ,p]iod3 ,*>les ,,ii4 ,illu/ration3 ,fold+ ,table at ,p5%ur/ ,place4 ,p]iod3 ,*>les ,,ii4 to ,james ,,ii4 ,illu/ration3 ,draw+ ,table ) ,black ,l9es ,inlaid4 ,p]iod3 ,*>les ,,ii4 ,x 0 probably 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! sev5te5? c5tury t ! ,c\* became kn[n 9 ,engl&4 ,x 0 n common1 nor q 9 ! =m 9 :i* we n[ recognize t luxuri\s article ( furniture1 b 0 probably a c>v$ oak settle1 ) cu%ions s arrang$ z to =m a re/+ l\nge by day1 ,%akespe>e speaks ( ! bran*'d velvet g[n ( ,malvolio hav+ come f a day b$1 & !re is also an allusion to "o 9 ,ri*>d ,,iii4#aj ,9 a volume ( ,notes & ,qu]ies !re is a note :i* w\ld %[ t ! lady's w>drobe ( ?is "t 7#afbb7 0 a v primitive article ( furniture4 ,m5tion is made !re ( a li/ ( articles ( we>+ app>el belong+ to a c]ta9 ,lady ,elizabe? ,morgan1 si/] to ,sir ,na?aniel ,ri*1 :i*1 accord+ to ! old docum5t !re quot$1 dat$ ! #ac? day ( ,novemb]1 #afbb1 are to be f\nd 9 a great b>'d *e/ 9 my ,ladie's ,b$*amb]4 ,to judge f ?is li/1 ,lady ,morgan 0 a p]son ( fa%ion 9 ^? days4 ,we may also take x = grant$ t beyond ! b$/ead1 a prie dieu *air1 a b5*1 "s *e/s1 & ! indisp5sable mirror1 !re 0 n mu* else to furni% a lady's b$room 9 ! reign ( ,james ,i4 or ( 8 successor4 ,illu/ration3 ,!odore ,hook's ,*air4 ,illu/ration3 ,scr[l$ ,*air 9 ,c>v$ ,oak4 ,! long settle & scr[l$ *air 7 two o!r k9ds ( seats 9 use f ! "t ( ,*>les ,i4 to t ( ,james ,,ii4 ,! illu/rations are tak5 f au!nticat$ specim5s 9 ! collection ( ,mr4 ,dalton1 ( ,sc>bor\gh4 ,!y are mo/ probably ( ,york%ire manufacture1 ab\t ! middle ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,! ornam5t 9 ! panel ( ! back ( ! *air is inlaid "w box or a% /a9$ to a gre5i% black to repres5t gre5 ebony1 ) a few small pieces ( ri* r$ wood !n 9 great fav\r2 &1 says ,mr4 ,g4 ,t4 ,rob9son1 to ^: article m5tion$ above we are indebt$ = ! description1 probably br\ght by "s buccane] f ! ,we/4 ,mr4 ,rob9son m5tions ano!r *air ( ! ,/u>t p]iod1 :i* =m$ a table1 & subsequ5tly became ! prop]ty ( ,!odore ,hook1 :o c>efully pres]v$ its p$igree4 ,x 0 pur*as$ by its late own]1 ,mr4 ,godw91 editor ( ,! ,build]4 ,a woodcut ( ?is *air is on p4 #ajf4 ,ano!r *air :i* play$ an important "p 9 hi/ory is ! "o 9 :i* ,*>les ,i4 sat dur+ 8 trial2 ?is 0 exhibit$ 9 ! ,/u>t ,exhibition 9 ,london 9 #ahhi4 ,! illu/ration is tak5 f a pr9t 9 ,! ,illu/rat$ ,london ,news ( ! "t4 ,illu/ration3 ,*air ,us$ by ,k+ ,*>les ,i4 ,dur+ ,8 ,trial4 ,9 addition to ! *airs ( oak1 c>v$1 inlaid1 & pla91 :i* 7 9 "s cases r5d]$ m com=table by hav+ cu%ions ti$ to ! backs & seats1 ! uphol/]$ *air1 :i* we h se5 _h be5 br\ght f ,v5ice 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! reign ( ,james ,i41 n[ came into g5]al use4 ,few appe> to h surviv$1 b !re are /ill to be se5 9 pictures ( ! p]iod a *air repres5t$ z cov]$ ) crimson velvet1 /udd$ ) brass nails1 ! seat trimm$ ) fr+e1 simil> to t at ,knole1 illu/rat$ on p4 #ajj4 ,!re is 9 ! ,hi/orical ,portrait ,gall]y 9 ,be?nal ,gre5 ,museum1 a pa9t+ by an unkn[n arti/1 b dat$ #afdb1 ( ,sir ,william ,l5?all1 :o 0 ,speak] ( ! ,h\se ( ,commons1 on ! memorable occasion :51 on ! #d? ( ,janu>y 9 t ye>1 ,*>les ,i4 ent]$ ! ,h\se to dem& ! surr5d] ( ! five memb]s4 ,! *air on :i* ,sir ,william is seat$ answ]s ?is description1 & is v simil> to ! "o us$ by ,*>les ,i4 7illu/rat$ on p4 #ajg47 ,illu/ration3 ,c>v$ ,oak ,*air4 ,said to h be5 us$ by ,cromwell4 7,! orig9al 9 ! possession ( ,t4 ,knollys ,p>r1 ,esq47 ,illu/ration3 ,c>v$ ,oak ,*air1 ,jacobean ,/yle4 7,! orig9al 9 ! ,au?or's possession47 ,inlaid "w1 :i* _h be5 crude & r\gh 9 ! "t ( ,elizabe?1 became m 9 fa%ion z means increas$ ( decorat+ bo? ! furniture & ! woodwork panell+ ( ! rooms ( ! ,/u>t p]iod4 ,mahogany _h be5 discov]$ by ,raleigh z e>ly z #aeie1 b did n come into g5]al use until ! middle ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,! importation ( sc>ce =eign woods 9 small quantities gave an impetus to ?is description ( "w1 :i* 9 ! m>quet]ie ( ,italy1 ,france1 ,holl&1 ,g]many1 & ,spa91 _h already made great progress4 ,illu/ration3 ,settle ( ,c>v$ ,oak4 ,probably made 9 ,york%ire4 ,p]iod3 ,*>les ,,ii4 ,)9 ! pa/ ye>1 ow+ to ! ext5sions ( ! ,great ,ea/]n ,railway premises at ,bi%opsgate ,/reet1 an old h\se ( antiqu>ian int]e/ 0 pull$ d[n1 & g5]\sly pres5t$ by ! ,company to ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum4 ,x w %ortly be arrang$ s z to enable ! visitor to see a good example ( ! ext]ior z well z "s ( ! int]ior woodwork ( a qua9t h\se ( ! middle ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,?is 0 ! resid5ce ( ,sir ,paul ,p9d>1 diplomati/1 dur+ ! "t ( ,*>les ,i41 & x conta9$ a c>v$ oak *imney-piece1 ) "s o!r good ornam5tal woodwork ( ?is p]iod4 ,! qua9t & ri*ly-c>v$ *imney-piece1 :i* 0 dat$ #afjj1 & o!r decorative "w1 0 remov$ e>ly 9 ! pres5t c5tury1 :5 ! possessors ( t "t 7 mak+ improvem5ts4 ,illu/ration3 ,/aircase 9 ,g5]al ,ireton's ,h\se1 ,dat$ #afcj4 ,illu/ration3 ,patt]n ( a ,*9ese ,lac ,scre54 7,9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum47 ,9 ! illu/ration ( a *ild's *air1 :i* is said to h be5 actually us$ by ,cromwell1 c be se5 an example ( c>v$ oak ( ?is "t2 x 0 l5t to ! writ] by its pres5t own]1 9 ^: family x 0 an heirloom s9ce "o ( 8 ance/ors m>ri$ ! ,protector's daught]4 ,! ornam5t has no p>ticul> /yle1 & x may be tak5 = grant$ t ! p]iod ( ! ,commonweal? 0 n m>k$ by any progress 9 decorative art4 ,! above illu/ration1 h[ev]1 proves t !re 7 exceptions to ! preval5t ,puritan objection to figure ornam5t4 ,9 "o ( ,mrs4 ,s4,c4 ,hall's pap]s1 ,pilgrimages to ,engli% ,%r9es1 contribut$ 9 #ahdi to ,! ,art ,j\rnal1 %e describes ! int]ior ( ! h\se :i* 0 built = ,bridget1 ! ,protector's daught]1 :o m>ri$ ,g5]al ,ireton4 ,! h&some oak /aircase _h ! newels surm\nt$ by c>v$ figures1 repres5t+ diff]5t grades ( m5 9 ! ,g5]al's army--a capta91 common soldi]1 pip]1 drumm]1 etc1 etc41 :ile ! spaces betwe5 ! balu/rades 7 fill$ 9 ) devices emblematical ( w>f>e1 ! ceil+ be+ decorat$ 9 ! fa%ion ( ! p]iod4 ,at ! "t ,mrs4 ,hall wrote1 ! h\se bore ,cromwell's "n & ! date #afcj4 ,we may date f ! ,commonweal? ! m g5]al use ( *airs2 p sat z !y *ose1 & no long] reg>d$ ! *air z ! "l's place4 ,a /yle ( *air1 :i* we /ill recognise z ,cromwellian1 0 also l>gely import$ f ,holl& ab\t ?is "t--pla9 squ>e backs & seats cov]$ ) br[n lea!r1 /udd$ ) brass nails4 ,! legs1 :i* are n[ g5]ally turn$ ) a spiral twi/1 7 9 ,cromwell's "t pla9 & simple4 ,! resid5ce ( ,*>les ,,ii4 abroad1 _h accu/om$ him & 8 fri5ds to ! mu* m luxuri\s furniture ( ,france & ,holl&4 ,) ! ,re/oration came a =eign ,que51 a =eign ,c\rt1 ,fr5* mann]s1 & ,fr5* lit]ature4 ,cab9ets1 *airs1 tables1 & c\*es1 7 import$ into ,engl& f ! ,ne!rl&s1 ,france1 ,spa91 & ,portugal2 & our craftsm5 pr(it$ by new ideas & new patt]ns1 & :at 0 ( equal consequ5ce1 an increas$ dem& = decorative articles ( furniture4 ,! ,k+ ( ,portugal _h c$$ ,bombay1 "o ( ! ,portuguese ,indian /ations1 to ! new ,que51 & !re is a *air ( ?is ,indo-,portuguese "w1 c>v$ 9 ebony1 n[ 9 ! museum at ,ox=d1 :i* 0 giv5 by ,*>les ,,ii4 ei!r to ,elias ,a%mole or to ,evelyn3 ! illu/ration on ! next page %ews all ! details ( ! c>v+4 ,ano!r woodcut1 on a small] scale1 repres5ts a simil> *air gr\p$ ) a settee ( a l design1 toge!r ) a small fold+ *air :i* ,mr4 ,g4,t4 ,rob9son1 9 8 article on ,seats1 has describ$ z ,italian1 b :i* we take ! lib]ty ( pron\nc+ ,flemi%1 judg+ by "o n[ 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum4 ,9 connection ) ?is ,indo-,portuguese furniture1 x w\ld seem t spiral turn+ became kn[n & fa%ionable 9 ,engl& dur+ ! reign ( ,*>les ,,ii41 & 9 "s *airs ( ,engli% make1 :i* h come "u ! writ]'s notice1 ! legs h be5 c>v$ to imitate ! effect ( spiral turn+--an am\nt ( sup]flu\s lab\r :i* w\ld sc>cely h be5 incurr$1 b = ! fact t ! c\ntry h\se-c>p5t] ( ?is "t _h an import$ model1 :i* he copi$1 )\t kn[+ h[ to produce by ! la! ! effect :i* _h j come into fa%ion4 ,!re are1 too1 9 "s illu/rations 9 ,%aw's ,anci5t ,furniture1 "s lamp-hold]s1 9 :i* ?is spiral turn+ is ov]done1 z is g5]ally ! case :5 any p>ticul> k9d ( ornam5t comes into vogue4 ,illu/ration3 ,settee ,& ,*air4 ,9 c>v$ ebony1 "p ( ,indo-,portuguese suite at ,p5%ur/ ,place1 ) ,flemi% fold+ *air4 ,p]iod3 ,*>les ,,ii4 ,illu/ration3 ,c>v$ ,ebony ,*air ( ,indo-portuguese ,"w1 ,giv5 by ,*>les ,,ii4 to ,elias ,a%mole1 ,esq4 7,9 ! ,museum at ,ox=d74 ,probably ! illu/rat$ suite ( furniture at ,p5%ur/ ,place1 :i* comprises ?irte5 pieces1 0 import$ ab\t ?is "t2 two ( ! small] *airs appe> to h _! orig9al cu%ions1 ! o!rs h be5 lately re-cov]$ by ,"l de l',isle & ,dudley4 ,! sp9dles ( ! backs ( two ( ! *airs are ( ivory3 ! c>v+1 :i* is 9 solid ebony1 is mu* f9] on "s ?an on o!rs4 ,we ga!r a good deal ( in=mation ab\t ! furniture ( ?is p]iod f ! fam\s di>y ( ,evelyn4 ,he ?us describes ,hampton ,c\rt ,palace1 z x appe>$ to him at ! "t ( its prep>ation = ! reception ( ,ca!r9e ( ,braganza1 ! bride ( ,*>les ,,ii41 :o sp5t ! royal honeymoon 9 ?is hi/oric build+1 :i* _h 9 its "t %elt]$ = _! brief spans ( fav\r ! six wives ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 & ! sickly boyhood ( ,edw>d ,,vi43-- ,x is z noble & uni=m a pile z ,go?ic ar*itecture c make x4 ,!re is incomp>able furniture 9 x1 especially hang+s design$ by ,raphael1 v ri* ) gold4 ,( ! tape/ries ,i believe ! _w c %[ no?+ nobl] ( ! k9d ?an ! /ories ( ,abraham & ,tobit4#aa 444 ,! ,que5's b$ 0 an embroid]y ( silv] on crimson velvet1 & co/ #h1jjj1 be+ a pres5t made by ! ,/ates ( ,holl& :5 8 maje/y return$4 ,! great look+-glass & toilet ( beat5 massive gold 7 giv5 by ! ,que5 ,"m4 ,! ,que5 br\ght ov] ) h] f ,portugal su* ,indian cab9ets z _h nev] be=e be5 se5 "h4 ,evelyn wrote ( c\rse be=e ,wr5 made 8 ,r5aissance additions to ! ,palace4 ,aft] ! great fire :i* occurr$ 9 #afff1 & de/roy$ "s #ac1jjj h\ses & no less ?an #hj *ur*es1 ,sir ,*ri/oph] ,wr5 0 giv5 an opportunity1 unprec$5t$ 9 hi/ory1 ( display+ 8 p[] ( design & recon/ruction4 ,writ+ ( ?is great ar*itect1 ,macaulay says1 ,! au/]e beauty ( ! ,a!nian portico1 ! gloomy sublimity ( ! ,go?ic arcade1 he 01 l mo/ ( 8 contempor>ies1 incapable ( emulat+1 & p]haps incapable ( appreciat+2 b no man born on our side ( ! ,alps has imitat$ ) s mu* success ! magnific5ce ( ! palace *ur*es ( ,italy4 ,ev5 ! sup]b ,l\is ,,xiv4 has left to po/]ity no "w :i* c be> a comp>ison ) ,/4 ,paul's4 ,illu/ration3 ,s$es1 ecce tibi8 qu tot produxit alumnos ,quot gremio nutrit ,granta1 quot4 ,isis habet4 ,f ! ,orig9al by ,sir ,pet] ,lely1 pres5t$ to ,dr4 ,busby by ,k+ ,*>les ,s$es ,busbiana ,f a ,pr9t 9 ! possession ( ,j4 ,c4 ,,?ynne1 ,esq4 ,p]iod3 ,*>les ,,ii4 ,wr5's great ma/]piece 0 comm5c$ 9 #afge1 & complet$ 9 #agaj1 & its build+ !re=e cov]s a p]iod ( #ce ye>s1 c>ry+ u ?r\gh ! reigns ( ,james ,,ii41 ,william ,,iii4 & ,m>y1 & well on to ! end ( ,anne's4 ,! admirable "w :i* he did dur+ ?is "t1 & :i* has effect$ s mu* = ! adornm5t ( our ,metropolis1 _h a m>k$ influ5ce on ! ornam5tal woodwork ( ! second half ( ! sev5te5? c5tury3 9 ! additions :i* he made to ,hampton ,c\rt ,palace1 9 ,b[ ,*ur*1 9 ! hospitals ( ,gre5wi* & ( ,*elsea1 !re is a sumptu\sness ( ornam5t 9 /one & m>ble1 :i* %ew ! influ5ce ex]cis$ on 8 m9d by ! desire to rival ! gr&eur ( ,l\is ,,xiv42 ! ,f\nta9 ,c\rt at ,hampton be+ 9 direct imitation ( ! ,palace ( ,v]sailles4 ,! c>v$ woodwork ( ! *oir ( ,/4 ,paul's1 ) flut$ columns support+ a c>v$ frieze2 ! ri*ly c>v$ panels1 & ! beautiful figure "w on bo? organ l(ts1 af=d evid5ce t ! oak enri*m5ts foll[$ ! m>ble & /one ornam5t4 ,! swags ( fruit & fl[]s1 ! *]ubs' heads ) fold$ w+s1 & o!r details 9 ,wr5's "w1 closely resemble ! designs execut$ by ,gibbons1 ^: c>v+ is ref]r$ to lat] on4 ,x may be m5tion$ "h t among/ ! few *ur*es 9 ! city :i* escap$ ! great fire1 & conta9 woodwork ( p>ticul> note1 are ,/4 ,hel5's1 ,bi%opgate1 & ! ,*>t]h\se ,*apel1 :i* conta9 ! orig9al pulpits ( ab\t ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,! fam\s ,dr4 ,busby1 :o = #ee ye>s 0 head ma/] ( ,we/m9/] ,s*ool1 0 a great fav\rite ( ,k+ ,*>les1 & a picture pa9t$ by ,sir ,pet] ,lely1 is said to h be5 pres5t$ to ! ,doctor by ,8 ,maje/y2 x is call$ ,s$es ,busbiana4 ,pr9ts f ?is old picture are sc>ce1 & ! writ] is indebt$ to ,mr4 ,john ,c4 ,?ynne = ! loan ( 8 copy1 f :i* ! illu/ration is tak54 ,! portrait 9 ! c5tre1 ( ! ,p$agogue aspir+ to ! mitre1 is t ( ,dr4 ,s\?1 :o succe$$ ,busby1 & ^: monum5t 9 ,we/m9/] ,abbey is next to 84 ,! illu/ration is int]e/+1 z al?\gh x may n h be5 actually tak5 f a *air itself1 x %ews a design 9 ! m9d ( a contempor>y arti/4 ,( ! ,halls ( ! ,city ,guilds1 !re is none m qua9t1 & 9 great] contra/ to ! bu/le ( ! neighb\rhood1 ?an ! ,hall ( ! ,brew]s' ,company1 9 ,addle ,/reet1 ,city4 ,?is 0 p>tially de/roy$1 l mo/ ( ! old] ,halls1 by ! ,great ,fire1 b 0 "o ( ! fir/ to be re/or$ & refurni%$4 ,9 ! kit*5 are /ill to be se5 ! rema9s ( an old tre/le & o!r relics ( an e>li] p]iod1 b ! hall or d9+ room1 & ! ,c\rt room1 are complete1 ) v slight additions1 s9ce ! date ( _! int]ior equipm5t 9 #afgj to #afgc4 ,! ,c\rt room has a ri*ly c>v$ *imney-piece 9 oak1 ne>ly black ) age1 ! design ( :i* is a %ield ) a w+$ head1 palms1 & swags ( fruit & fl[]s1 :ile on ! %ield itself is an inscription1 /at+ t ?is room 0 wa9scot$ by ,ald]man ,knight1 ma/] ( ! ,company & ,"l ,mayor ( ! ,city ( ,london1 9 ! ye> #afgj4 ,! room itself is exce$+ly qua9t1 ) its high wa9scot+ & w9d[s on ! opposite side to ! fireplace1 rem9d+ "o ( ! port-holes ( a %ip's cab91 :ile ! *ief w9d[ looks out on to ! old-fa%ion$ g>d51 giv+ ! behold] altoge!r a pleas+ illusion1 c>ry+ him back to ! days ( ,*>les ,,ii4 ,! *ief room or ,hall is /ill m h&somely decorat$ ) c>v$ oak ( ?is "t4 ,! actual date1 #afgc1 is ov] ! doorway on a tablet :i* be>s ! names1 9 ! lett]s ( ! p]iod1 ( ! ma/]1 ,james ,read+1 ,esq41 & ! w>d5s1 ,mr4 ,rob]t ,lawr5ce1 ,mr4 ,samuel ,b>b]1 & ,mr4 ,h5ry ,sell4 ,! names ( o!r ma/]s & w>d5s are also writt5 ov] ! c>v$ escut*eons ( _! diff]5t arms1 & ! :ole room is "o ( ! be/ specim5s 9 exi/5ce ( ! oak c>v+ ( ?is date4 ,at ! we/]n end is ! ma/]'s *air1 ( :i* by ! c\rtesy ( ,mr4 ,higg9s1 cl]k to ! ,company1 we are able to give an illu/ration on p4 #aae--! %ield-%ap$ back1 ! c>v$ drap]y1 & ! coat-(-arms ) ! company's motto1 are all *>act]i/ic features1 z are also ! ,cor9?ian columns & ar*$ p$im5ts1 9 ! oak decoration ( ! room4 ,! brok5 swan-neck$ p$im5t1 :i* surm\nts ! cornice ( ! room ov] ! *air1 is probably a m rec5t addition1 ?is ornam5t hav+ come 9 ab\t #cj ye>s lat]4 ,!re are also ! old d9+ tables & b5*es2 ^! are z pla9 & simple z possible4 ,9 ! c\rt room1 is a table1 :i* 0 =m]ly 9 ! ,company's b>ge1 ) "s good inlaid "w 9 ! arcad+ :i* connects ! two end /&>ds1 & "s old c>v$ lions' feet2 ! top & o!r p>ts h be5 r5ew$4 ,!re is also an old oak fire-scre5 ( ab\t ! end ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,ano!r city hall1 ! int]ior woodwork ( :i* dates f j aft] ! ,great ,fire1 is t ( ! ,/ation]s' ,company1 9 ,ave ,m>ia ,lane1 close to ,ludgate ,hill4 ,mr4 ,*>les ,rob]t ,riv+ton1 ! pres5t cl]k to ! ,company1 has writt5 a pamphlet1 full ( v int]e/+ records ( ?is anci5t & wor%ipful corporation1 f :i* ! foll[+ p>agraph is a quotation3--,! fir/ meet+ ( ! c\rt aft] ! fire 0 held at ,cook's ,hall1 & ! subsequ5t c\rts1 until ! hall 0 re-built1 at ! ,lame ,hospital ,hall1 i4e41 ,/4 ,b>?olomew's ,hospital4 ,9 #afgj a committee 0 appo9t$ to re-build ! hall2 & 9 #afgd ! ,c\rt agre$ ) ,/eph5 ,coll$ge 7! fam\s ,prote/ant jo9]1 :o 0 aft]w>ds hang$ at ,ox=d 9 #afha7 to wa9scot ! hall ') well-season$ & well-mat*$ wa9scot1 accord+ to a model deliv]$ 9 = ! sum ( #cjj4' ,8 "w is n[ to be se5 9 excell5t condition4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,ma/]'s ,*air4 7,hall ( ! ,brew]s' ,company47 ,mr4 ,riv+ton read 8 pap] to ! ,london & ,middlesex ,ar*aeological ,society 9 #ahha2 & ! writ] c ) pleasure confirm ! /atem5t z to ! condition1 9 #ahib1 ( ?is f9e specim5 ( sev5te5? c5tury "w4 ,less ornate & elaborate ?an ! ,brew]s' ,hall1 ! panels are only slightly reliev$ ) c>v$ m\ld+s2 b ! end ( ! room1 or ma9 entrance1 opposite ! place ( ! old das 7long s9ce remov$71 is some:at simil> to ! ,brew]s'1 & pres5ts a f9e ar*itectural effect1 :i* w be obs]v$ 9 ! illu/ration on p4 #aag4 ,illu/ration3 ,c>v$ ,oak ,liv]y ,cupbo>d4 ,9 ! ,hall ( ! ,/ation]s',company4 ,made 9 #afgd1 ! curv$ p$im5t add$ lat]1 probably 9 #aghh4 ,illu/ration3 ,c>v$ ,oak ,napk9 ,press ,l5t to ! ,s4 ,k5s+ton ,museum by ,h4 ,f>r]1 ,esq4 ,e>ly ,,xvii4 ,c5tury4 ,!re is above1 an illu/ration ( "o ( ! two liv]y cupbo>ds1 :i* =m]ly /ood on ! das1 & ^! are good examples ( ! cupbo>ds = display ( plate ( ?is p]iod4 ,! l[] "p 0 =m]ly ! receptacle ( unus$ vi&s1 di/ribut$ to ! poor aft] ! fea/4 ,9 _! orig9al /ate ^! liv]y cupbo>ds f9i%$ ) a /raight cornice1 ! brok5 p$im5ts ) ! eagle 7! ,company's cre/7 hav+ mo/ probably be5 add$ :5 ! hall 01 to quote an inscription on a %ield1 repair$ & beautifi$ 9 ! mayoralty ( ! ,"r ,hon\rable ,william ,gill1 9 ! ye> #aghh1 :5 ,mr4 ,?omas ,hooke 0 ma/]1 & ,mr4 ,field & ,mr4 ,riv+ton 7! pres5t cl]k's gr&fa!r7 w>d5s4 ,illu/ration3 ,arm ,*airs4 ,*air uphol/]$ 9 ,spitalfields silk4 ,hampton ,c\rt ,palace4 ,c>v$ & uphol/]$ ,*air4 ,h>dwick ,hall4 ,*air uphol/]$ 9 ,spitalfields silk4 ,knole1 ,sev5oaks4 ,p]iod3 ,william ,,iii4 ,to ,que5 ,anne4 ,!re is /ill pres]v$ 9 a lumb] room "o ( ! old b5*es ( sev5te5? c5tury "w--n[ replac$ 9 ! hall by mod]n fold+ *airs4 ,?is is ( oak1 ) turn$ skittle-%ap$ legs slant+ outw>ds1 & connect$ & /r5g!n$ by pla9 /ret*]s4 ,! old tables are /ill 9 _! places4 ,illu/ration3 ,c>v$ ,oak ,scre54 ,9 ! ,hall ( ! ,/ation]s' ,company1 erect$ 9 #afgd3 ! ,royal ,coat ( ,arms has be5 s9ce add$4 ,ano!r example ( sev5te5? c5tury oak panell+ is ! h&some *apel ( ! ,m]c]s' ,hall--! only city ,company possess+ _! own *apel--b only ! l9+ ( ! walls & ! r]$os are ( ! orig9al "w1 ! rema9d] hav+ be5 add$ "s t5 or twelve ye>s ago1 :5 "s ( ! orig9al c>v+ 0 made use ( 9 ! new "w4 ,inde$1 9 ?is magnific5t hall1 ab\t ! mo/ spaci\s ( ! old ,city ,corporation ,palaces1 !re is a great deal ( new "w mix$ ) old--new *imney-pieces & old ov]mantels--"s ( ,gr9l+ ,gibbons' c>v$ enri*m5ts1 s pa9t$ & v>ni%$ z to h lo/ mu* ( _! "*2 ^! h be5 appli$ to ! oak panels 9 ! l>ge d9+ hall4 ,! woodwork l9+ ( liv+ rooms _h be5 und]go+ *anges s9ce ! comm5cem5t ( ! p]iod ( :i* we are n[ writ+4 ,9 #afch a man nam$ ,*ri/oph] _h tak5 out a pat5t = enamell+ & gild+ lea!r1 :i* 0 us$ z a wall decoration ov] ! oak panell+4 ,?is decorat$ lea!r hi!rto _h be5 import$ f ,holl& & ,spa92 :5 ?is 0 n us$1 & tape/ry1 :i* 0 v exp5sive1 0 n obta9able1 ! pla/] 0 r\ghly ornam5t$4 ,some:at lat] ?an ?is1 pictures 7 let into ! wa9scot to =m "p ( ! decoration1 = 9 #affi ,evelyn1 :5 writ+ ( ! h\se ( ! ,e>le ( ,norwi*1 9 ,epp+ ,=e/1 says1 ,a good _m pictures put into ! wa9/cot :i* ,mr4 ,bak]1 8 lord%ip's pr$ecessor1 br\ght f ,spa9e4 ,inde$1 subsequ5tly ! wa9scot became simply ! frame = pictures1 & we h ! same writ] deplor+ ! disuse ( timb]1 & express+ 8 op9ion t a sumptu>y law ought to be pass$ to re/ore ! anci5t use ( timb]4 ,al?\gh no law 0 enact$ on ! subject1 yet1 "s tw5ty ye>s lat]1 ! :irligig ( fa%ion br\ght ab\t ! revival ( ! cu/om ( l9+ rooms ) oak panell+4 ,x is said t ab\t #afgj ,evelyn f\nd ,gr9l+ ,gibbons 9 a small ?at*$ h\se on ! outskirts ( ,dept=d1 & introduc$ him to ! ,k+1 :o gave him an appo9tm5t on ! ,bo>d ( ,works1 & patronis$ him ) ext5sive ord]s4 ,! "* ( 8 c>v+ is well kn[n2 g5]ally us+ lime-tree z ! vehicle ( 8 designs1 ! life-l birds & fl[]s1 ! gr\ps ( fruit1 & heads ( *]ubs1 are easily recognis$4 ,"o ( ! rooms 9 ,w9dsor ,ca/le is decorat$ ) ! "w ( 8 *isel1 :i* c also be se5 9 ,/4 ,paul's ,ca!dral1 ,hampton ,c\rt ,palace1 ,*atswor?1 ,burleigh1 & p]haps 8 be/1 at ,petwor? ,h\se1 9 ,sussex4 ,he also sculptur$ 9 /one4 ,! base ( ,k+ ,*>les' /atue at ,w9dsor1 ! font ( ,/4 ,james'1 ,piccadilly 7r\nd ! base ( :i* are figures ( ,adam & ,eve71 are 8 "w1 z is also ! lime-tree bord] ( fe/oon "w ov] ! communion table4 ,gibbons 0 an ,engli%man1 b appe>s to h sp5t 8 boyhood 9 ,holl&1 :]e he 0 *ri/5$ ,gr9l+4 ,he di$ 9 #agba4 ,8 pupils 7 ,samuel ,watson1 a ,d]by%ire man1 :o did mu* ( ! c>v$ "w at ,*atswor?1 ,drevot ( ,brussels1 & ,lawreans ( ,me*l94 ,gibbons & 8 pupils f\nd$ a s*ool ( c>v+ 9 ,engl& :i* has be5 cont9u$ by tradition to ! pres5t day4 ,illu/ration3 ,silv] ,furniture at ,knole4 7,f a ,photo by ,mr4 ,corke1 ( ,sev5oaks47 ,a some:at important immigration ( ,fr5* workm5 occurr$ ab\t ?is "t ow+ to ! p]secutions ( ,prote/ants 9 ,france1 :i* foll[$1 ! revocation ( ! ,edict ( ,nantes 9 #afhe1 by ,l\is ,,xiv41 & ^! refugees br++ ) !m _! skill1 _! patt]ns & ideas1 influ5c$ ! c>v+ ( our frames & ! designs ( "s ( our furniture4 ,?is influ5ce is to be trac$ 9 "s ( ! cont5ts ( ,hampton ,c\rt ,palace1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! c>v$ & gilt c5tre tables & ! tor*res ( ,fr5* design b ( ,engli% workman%ip4 ,x is said t no less ?an #ej1jjj families left ,france1 "s ?\s&s ( :om belong$ to ! indu/rial classes1 & settl$ 9 ,engl& & ,g]many1 :]e _! desc5dants /ill rema94 ,!y introduc$ ! manufacture ( cry/al *&eli]s1 & f\nd$ our ,spitalfields silk indu/ry & o!r trades1 till !n little practis$ 9 ,engl&4 ,! beautiful silv] furniture at ,knole belongs to ?is "t1 hav+ be5 made = "o ( ! ,e>ls ( ,dorset1 9 ! reign ( ,james ,,ii4 ,! illu/ration is f a photograph tak5 by ,mr4 ,corke1 ( ,sev5oaks4 ,electrotypes ( ! orig9als are 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum4 ,f two o!r suites at ,knole1 consi/+ ( a look+ glass1 a table1 & a pair ( tor*res1 9 ! "o case ( pla9 walnut wood1 & 9 ! o!r ( ebony ) silv] m\nt+s1 x w\ld appe> t a toilet suite ( furniture ( ! "t ( ,james ,,ii4 g5]ally consi/$ ( articles ( a simil> "*1 m or less co/ly1 accord+ to circum/ances4 ,! silv] table be>s ! ,engli% ,hall m>k ( ! reign4 ,z we approa* ! end ( ! sev5te5? c5tury & exam9e specim5s ( ,engli% furniture ab\t #afhj to #agjj1 we f9d a m>k$ ,flemi% influ5ce4 ,! ,/ad?old]1 ,k+ ,william ,,iii41 ) 8 ,dut* fri5ds1 import$ _m ( _! h\sehold goods#ab1 & our ,engli% craftsm5 seem to h copi$ ^! v closely4 ,! *airs & settees 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum1 & at ,hampton ,c\rt ,palace1 h ! %ap$ back ) a wide inlaid or c>v$ upright b>1 ! cabriole leg & ! c>v$ %ell ornam5t on ! knee ( ! leg1 & on ! top ( ! back1 :i* are /ill to be se5 9 _m ( ! old ,dut* h\ses4 ,!re are a few examples ( furniture ( ?is date1 :i* x is almo/ impossible to di/+ui% f ,flemi%1 b 9 "s o!rs !re is a *>act]i/ic decoration 9 m>quet]ie1 :i* may be describ$ z a seawe$ scroll 9 holly or box wood1 inlaid on a pale walnut gr\nd1 a good example ( :i* is to be se5 9 ! upright gr&fa!r's clock 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum1 ! effect be+ a pleas+ h>mony ( col\r4 ,9 ! same collection !re is also a walnut wood c5tre table1 dat+ f ab\t #agjj1 :i* has twi/$ legs & a /ret*]1 ! top be+ inlaid ) int]sect+ circles reliev$ by ! inlay ( "s />s 9 ivory4 ,z we h obs]v$ ) reg>d to ,fr5* furniture ( ?is "t1 mirrors came m g5]ally into use1 & ! frames 7 bo? c>v$ & inlaid4 ,!re are sev]al ( ^! at ,hampton ,c\rt ,palace1 all ) bevell$ edg$ plate glass2 "s h frames entirely ( glass1 ! %ort l5g?s :i* make ! frame1 hav+ 9 "s cases ! jo9ts cov]$ by rosettes ( blue glass1 & 9 o!rs a n>r[ m\ld+ ( gilt "w on ea* side ( ! frame4 ,9 "o room 7! ,que5's ,gall]y7 ! frames are pa9t$ 9 colors & reliev$ by a little gild+4 ,! ta/e = import+ old ,dut* furniture1 also lacqu] cab9ets f ,japan1 n only gave relief to ! appe>ance ( a well furni%$ ap>tm5t ( ?is "t1 b also br\ght new ideas to our design]s & workm54 ,our collectors1 too1 7 at ?is "t appreciat+ ! ,ori5tal *9a1 bo? blue & :ite1 & color$1 :i* _h a good m>ket 9 ,holl&1 s t ) ! excell5t silv]smi?'s "w !n obta9able1 x 0 possible 9 ! "t ( ,william & ,m>y to arrange a room ) m arti/ic effect ?an at an e>li] p]iod1 :5 ! tape/ry & panell+ ( ! walls1 a table1 ! liv]y cupbo>d previ\sly describ$1 & "s ?ree or f\r *airs1 _h =m$ almo/ ! :ole furniture ( reception rooms4 ,! fir/ m5tion ( corn] cupbo>ds appe>s to h be5 made 9 an adv]tisem5t ( a ,dut* jo9] 9 ,! ,po/man ( ,m>* #h?1 #agaa2 ^! cupbo>ds1 ) _! c>v$ p$im5ts be+ "p ( ! mod]n fitt+s ( a room 9 ! "t ( ,que5 ,anne4 ,! oak presses common to ?is & e>li] times are =m$ ( an upp] & l[] "p1 ! =m] sometimes be+ ?ree sides ( an octagon ) ! top support$ by columns1 :ile ! l[] half is /raight1 & ! :ole is c>v$ ) incis$ ornam5t4 ,^! useful articles ( furniture1 9 ! abs5ce ( w>drobes1 are describ$ 9 inv5tories ( ! "t 7#afhj-agbj7 z press cupbo>ds1 great cupbo>ds1 wa9scot1 & joyn$ cupbo>ds4 ,! fir/ m5tion ( a ,bu][1 z our mod]n ^w ,bureau 0 !n spelt1 is said by ,dr4 ,lyon1 9 8 ,am]ican book1 ,! ,colonial ,furniture ( ,new ,engl&1 to h occurr$ 9 an adv]tisem5t 9 ,! ,daily ,po/ ( ,janu>y #d?1 #agbg4 ,! same au?or quotes ,bailey's ,diction>ium ,britannicum1 publi%$ 9 ,london1 #agcf1 z def9+ ! ^w bureau z a cab9et or *e/ ( draw]s1 or 'scrutoir' = deposit+ pap]s or acc\nts4 ,9 ! latt] half ( ! eighte5? c5tury ^? conv5i5t pieces ( furniture came into m g5]al use1 & illu/rations ( !m z design$ & made by ,*ipp5dale & 8 contempor>ies w be f\nd 9 ! *apt] deal+ ) t p]iod4 ,dr4 ,lyon also quotes f an ,am]ican newspap]1 ,! ,bo/on ,news ,lett] ( ,april #af?1 #agaf1 an adv]tisem5t :i* 0 evid5tly publi%$ :5 ! tall clocks1 :i* we n[ call gr&fa!rs' clocks1 7 a novelty1 & z su* 7 be+ introduc$ to ! ,am]ican public4 ,we h already ref]r$ to "o ( ^! :i* is 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum1 date #agjj1 & no d\bt ! manufacture ( simil> ones became m g5]al dur+ ! fir/ ye>s ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,! adv]tisem5t allud$ to runs1 ,lately come f ,london1 a p>cel ( v f9e clocks--!y g a week & repeat ! h\r :5 pull$ 7a /r+ caus$ ! same action z ! press+ ( ! h&le ( a repeat+ wat*7 9 ,japan cases or wall-nut4 ,! /yle ( decoration 9 furniture & woodwork :i* we recognise z ,que5 ,anne1 ap>t f ! m>quet]ie j describ$1 appe>s1 s f> z ! writ]'s inve/igations h gone1 to be due to ! designs ( "s em95t ar*itects ( ! "t4 ,sir ,james ,vanbrugh 0 build+ ,bl5heim ,palace = ! ,que5's victori\s g5]al1 & also ,ca/le ,h[>d4 ,ni*olas ,hawksmoor _h erect$ ,/4 ,george's4 ,bloomsbury1 & ,james ,gibbs1 a ,scot* ar*itect & antiqu>y1 ,/4 ,m>t9's-9-!-,fields1 & ! ,royal ,libr>y at ,ox=d2 a pond]\s /yle *>act]ises ! woodwork int]ior ( ^! build+s4 ,we give an illu/ration ( ?ree designs = *imney-pieces & ov]mantels by ,james ,gibbs1 ! c5tre "o ( :i* illu/rates ! curv$ or swan-neck$ p$im5t1 :i* became a fav\rite ornam5t ab\t ?is "t1 until supplant$ by ! heavi] triangul> p$im5t :i* came 9 ) ! ,georges4 ,! cont5ts ( ,hampton ,c\rt ,palace af=d evid5ce ( ! transition :i* ! design ( woodwork & furniture has und]gone f ! "t ( ,william ,,iii4 until t ( ,george ,,ii4 ,!re is ! ,dut* *air ) cabriole leg1 ! pla9 walnut c>d table also ( ,dut* design1 :i* probably came ov] ) ! ,/ad?old]2 !n1 !re are ! heavy drap]ies1 & *airs almo/ completely cov]$ by ,spitalfields silk velvet1 to be se5 9 ! b$room furniture ( ,que5 ,anne4 ,lat]1 z ! heavy ,georgian /yle pr$om9at$1 !re is ! /iff unga9ly gilt furniture1 console tables ) legs ornam5t$ ) ! ,greek key patt]n badly appli$1 & f9ally1 z ! ,fr5* s*ool ( design influ5c$ our c>v]s1 an improvem5t may be notic$ 9 ! tables & tor*res1 :i* b = be+ a trifle clumsy1 might pass = ! "w ( ,fr5* craftsm5 ( ! same "t4 ,! ,/ate *airs1 ! b$/ead1 & "s /ools1 :i* are said to h belong$ to ,que5 ,c>ol9e1 are fur!r examples ( ! adoption ( ,fr5* fa%ion4 ,illu/ration3 ,?ree ,*imneypieces4 ,design$ by ,james ,gibes1 ,ar*itect1 9 #agci4 ,ne>ly all writ]s on ! subject ( furniture & woodwork are agre$ 9 consid]+ t ! e>li] "p ( ! p]iod discuss$ 9 ?is *apt]1 t is1 ! sev5te5? c5tury1 is ! be/ 9 ! traditions ( ,engli% "w4 ,z we h se5 9 notic+ "s ( ! e>li] ,jacobean examples already illu/rat$ & describ$1 x 0 a p]iod m>k$ by increas$ ref9em5t ( design ?r\gh ! ab&onm5t ( ! m grotesque & (t5 co>se "w ( ,elizabe?an c>v+1 & by s\ndness ( con/ruction & ?or\gh workman%ip4 ,oak furniture made 9 ,engl& dur+ ! sev5te5? c5tury1 is /ill a cr$it to ! pa9/ak+ craftsm5 ( ^? days1 & ev5 uphol/]$ furniture1 l ! c\*es & *airs at ,knole1 aft] m ?an #bej ye>s' s]vice1 are fit = use4 ,9 ! n9? & la/ *apt]1 :i* w deal ) furniture ( ! pres5t day1 ! me?ods ( production :i* are n[ 9 practice w be notic$1 & "s comp>ison w be made :i* mu/ be to ! cr$it ( ! ,jacobean p]iod4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 ! =ego+ *apt]s an attempt has be5 made to pres]ve1 z f> z possible1 a c]ta9 cont9uity 9 ! hi/ory ( ! subject matt] ( ?is "w f ! e>lie/ times until aft] ! ,r5aissance _h be5 g5]ally adopt$ 9 ,europe4 ,9 ?is endeav\r a great] am\nt ( att5tion has be5 be/[$ ^u ! furniture ( a comp>atively %ort p]iod ( ,engli% hi/ory ?an ^u t ( o!r c\ntries1 b x is hop$ t ?is fault w be =giv5 by ,engli% read]s4 ,x has n[ become necess>y to int]rupt ?is plan1 & be=e return+ to ! consid]ation ( ,european design & "w1 to devote a %ort *apt] to ^? bran*es ( ! ,indu/rial ,arts connect$ ) furniture :i* fl\ri%$ 9 ,*9a & ,japan1 9 ,india1 ,p]sia1 & ,arabia1 at a "t ant]ior & subsequ5t to ! ,r5aissance p]iod 9 ,europe4 ,*apt] ,v4 ,! ,furniture ( ,ea/]n ,c\ntries4 ,,*9ese ,,furniture3 ,probable s\rce ( arti/ic ta/e--,sir ,william ,*amb]s quot$--,rac9et's ,le ,co/ume ,hi/orique--,dut* influ5ce--,! ,s\? ,k5s+ton & ! ,duke ( ,ed9burgh ,collections--,processes ( mak+ ,lacqu]--,scre5s 9 ! ,k5s+ton ,museum4 ,,japanese ,,furniture3 ,e>ly ,hi/ory--,sir ,ru!r=d ,alcock & ,"l ,elg9--,! ,collection ( ! ,%ogun--,fam\s ,collections--,action ( ! pres5t ,gov]nm5t ( ,japan--,special *>act]i/ics4 ,,indian ,,furniture3 ,e>ly ,european influ5ce--,furniture ( ! ,moguls--,rac9et's ,"w--,bombay ,furniture--,ivory ,*airs & ,table--,specim5s 9 ! ,india ,museum4 ,,p]sian ,,woodwork3 ,collection ( ,objets d',art =m$ by ,g5]al ,murdo* ,smi?1 ,r4,e4--,indu/rial ,arts ( ! ,p]sians--,arab influ5ce--,s\? ,k5s+ton ,specim5s4 ,,s>ac5ic ,,woodwork3 ,ori5tal cu/oms--,specim5s 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum ( ,arab ,"w--,m4 d',aveune's ,"w4 ,*9ese & ,japanese ,furniture4 ,illu/ration ,we h be5 unable to discov] :5 ! ,*9ese fir/ began to use ,/ate or dome/ic furniture4 ,:e!r1 l ! anci5t ,assyrians & ,egyptians1 !re 0 an e>ly civilization :i* includ$ ! arts ( jo9+1 c>v+1 & uphol/]+1 we d n "k2 mo/ probably !re 02 & f ! pla/] ca/s :i* "o sees 9 our ,indian ,museum1 ( ! ornam5tal /one gateways ( ,san*i ,tope1 ,bhopal 9 ,c5tral ,india1 x w\ld appe> t 9 ! e>ly "p ( our ,*ri/ian era1 ! c>v+s 9 wood ( _! neighb\rs & co-religioni/s1 ! ,h9doos1 repres5t$ figures ( m5 & animals 9 ! woodwork ( sacr$ build+s or palaces2 & ! m>vell\s dext]ity 9 manipulat+ wood1 ivory & /one :i* we recognize 9 ! ,*9ese ( to-day1 is inh]it$ f _! ance/ors4 ,sir ,william ,*amb]s travell$ 9 ,*9a 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! la/ c5tury4 ,x 0 he :o introduc$ ! ,*9ese /yle into furniture & decoration1 :i* 0 adopt$ by ,*ipp5dale & o!r mak]s1 z w be notic$ 9 ! *apt] deal+ ) t p]iod ( ,engli% furniture4 ,he gives u ! foll[+ description ( ! furniture he f\nd 9 ,! ,fl[]y ,l&4 ,! moveables ( ! saloon consi/ ( *airs1 /ools1 & tables2 made sometimes ( rosewood1 ebony1 or lacqu]$ "w1 & sometimes ( bamboo only1 :i* is *eap1 &1 nev]!less1 v neat4 ,:5 ! moveables are ( wood1 ! seats ( ! /ools are (t5 ( m>ble or porcela91 :i*1 ?\gh h>d to sit on1 are f> f unpleasant 9 a climate :]e ! summ] heats are s excessive4 ,9 ! corn]s ( ! rooms are /&s f\r or live feet high1 on :i* !y set plates ( citrons1 & o!r fragrant fruits1 or bran*es ( coral 9 vases ( porcela91 & glass globes conta9+ goldfi%1 toge!r ) a c]ta9 we$ some:at resembl+ f5nel2 on su* tables z are int5d$ = ornam5t only !y also place little l&scapes1 compos$ ( rocks1 %rubs1 & a k9d ( lily t gr[s among pebbles cov]$ ) wat]4 ,sometimes also1 !y h artificial l&scapes made ( ivory1 cry/al1 amb]1 pe>ls1 & v>i\s /ones4 ,i h se5 "s ( ^! t co/ ov] #cjj gu9eas1 b !y are at be/ m]e baubles1 & mis]able imitations ( nature4 ,besides ^! l&scapes !y adorn _! tables ) sev]al vases ( porcela91 & little vases ( copp]1 :i* are held 9 great e/eem4 ,^! are g5]ally ( simple & pleas+ =ms4 ,! ,*9ese say !y 7 made two ?\s& ye>s ago1 by "s ( _! celebrat$ arti/s1 & su* z are real antiques 7= !re are _m c\nt]feits7 !y buy at an extravagant price1 giv+ sometimes no less ?an #cjj /]l+ = "o ( !m4 ,! b$room is divid$ f ! saloon by a p>tition ( fold+ doors1 :i*1 :5 ! wea!r is hot1 are 9 ! night ?r[n op5 to admit ! air4 ,x is v small1 & conta9s no o!r furniture ?an ! b$1 & "s v>ni%$ *e/s 9 :i* !y keep _! app>el4 ,! b$s are v magnific5t2 ! b$/eads are made mu* l ours 9 ,europe--( rosewood1 c>v$1 or lacqu]$ "w3 ! curta9s are ( taffeta or gauze1 sometimes fl[]$ ) gold1 & commonly ei!r blue or purple4 ,ab\t ! top a slip ( :ite sat91 a foot 9 bread?1 runs all r\nd1 on :i* are pa9t$1 9 panels1 diff]5t figures--fl[] pieces1 l&scapes1 & conv]sation pieces1 int]sp]s$ ) moral s5t5ces & fables writt5 9 ,indian ink & v]milion4 ,f old pa9t+s & engrav+s :i* date f ab\t ! f\rte5? or fifte5? c5tury "o ga!rs an idea ( su* furniture z exi/$ 9 ,*9a & ,japan 9 e>li] times4 ,9 "o ( ^!1 :i* is reproduc$ 9 ,rac9et's ,le ,co/ume ,hi/orique1 !re is a ,*9ese pr9cess recl9+ on a s(a :i* has a frame ( black wood visible1 & slightly ornam5t$2 x is uphol/]$ ) ri* embroid]y1 = :i* ^! arti/ic p seem to h be5 fam\s f a v e>ly p]iod4 ,a s]vant /&s by h] side to h& h] ! pipe ( opium ) :i* ! monotony ( ! day 0 v>i$--"o arm re/s on a small wood5 table or /& :i* is plac$ on ! s(a1 & :i* holds a fl[] vase & a pipe /&4 ,on ano!r old pa9t+ two figures are seat$ on mats play+ a game :i* resembles draughts1 ! pieces be+ mov$ ab\t on a little table ) black & :ite squ>es l a mod]n *essbo>d1 ) %ap$ feet to raise x a conv5i5t height = ! play]s3 on ! floor /& cups ( tea ready to h&4 ,su* pictures are g5]ally ascrib$ to ! fifte5? c5tury1 ! p]iod ( ! great ,m+ dyna/y1 :i* appe>s to h be5 ! "t ( an improv$ culture & ta/e 9 ,*9a4 ,f ?is "t & a c5tury lat] 7! sixte5?7 also date ^? beautiful cab9ets ( lacqu]$ wood enri*$ ) ivory1 "m ( pe>l1 ) silv] & ev5 ) gold1 :i* h be5 br\ght to ,engl& occasionally2 b g5u9e specim5s ( ?is1 & ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 are v sc>ce & extremely valuable4 ,! old] ,*9ese furniture :i* "o sees g5]ally 9 ,europe dates f ! eighte5? c5tury1 & 0 made to ord] & import$ by ! ,dut*2 ?is expla9s ! curi\s comb9ation to be f\nd ( ,ori5tal & ,european designs2 ?us1 !re are scre5s ) views ( ,am/]dam & o!r cities copi$ f pa9t+s s5t out = ! purpose1 :ile ! frames ( ! panels are ( c>v$ rosewood ( ! frett$ bamboo patt]n *>act]i/ic ( ! ,*9ese4 ,elaborate b$/eads1 tables & cab9ets 7 also made1 ) panels ( a% /a9$ a d>k color & ornam5t$ ) hunt+ sc5es1 9 :i* ! m5 & horses are ( ivory1 or sometimes ) ivory faces & limbs1 ! clo!s be+ *iefly 9 a br[n color$ wood4 ,9 a beautiful table 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum1 :i* is said to h be5 made 9 ,co*9-,*9a1 "m ( pe>l is l>gely us$ & produces a ri* effect4 ,! furniture br\ght back by ! ,duke ( ,ed9burgh f ,*9a & ,japan is ( ! usual "* import$1 & ! rem>ks h]eaft] made on ,indian or ,bombay furniture apply equally to ?is adaptation ( ,*9ese detail to ,european designs4 ,! mo/ highly priz$ "w ( ,*9a & ,japan 9 ! way ( decorative furniture is ! beautiful lacqu] "w1 & 9 ! notice on ,fr5* furniture ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 9 a subsequ5t *apt]1 we %all see t ! process 0 adopt$ 9 ,holl&1 ,france & ,engl& ) m or less success4 ,x is wor? :ile1 h[ev]1 to allude to x "h a little m fully4 ,! process z practis$ 9 ,*9a is ?us describ$ by ,m4 ,jacquem>t3-- ,! wood :5 smoo?ly plan$ is cov]$ ) a %eet ( ?9 pap] or silk gauze1 ov] :i* is spread a ?ick coat+ made ( p[d]$ r$ s&/one & buffalo's gall4 ,?is is all[$ to dry1 aft] :i* x is poli%$ & rubb$ ) wax1 or else receives a wa% ( gum wat]1 hold+ *alk 9 solution4 ,! v>ni% is laid on ) a flat bru%1 & ! article is plac$ 9 a damp dry+ room1 :5ce x passes into ! h&s ( a workman1 :o moi/5s & aga9 poli%es x ) a piece ( v f9e gra9$ s(t clay slate1 or ) ! /alks ( ! horse-tail or %ave grass4 ,x !n receives a second coat+ ( lacqu]1 & :5 dry is once m poli%$4 ,^! op]ations are repeat$ until ! surface becomes p]fectly smoo? & lu/r\s4 ,!re are nev] appli$ less ?an ?ree coat+s & seldom m ?an eighte51 ?\gh "s old ,*9ese & "s ,japan w>e are said to h receiv$ upw>ds ( tw5ty4 ,z reg>ds ,*9a1 ?is seems q exceptional1 = !re is 9 ! ,l\vre a piece ) ! leg5d 'l\-t9sg1' i4e4 six coat+s1 imply+ t ev5 s _m are unusual en\gh to be wor?y ( special m5tion4 ,!re is z mu* diff]5ce betwe5 diff]5t k9ds & qualities ( lac z betwe5 diff]5t classes ( m>quctcrie4 ,! mo/ highly priz$ is ! ,,lacqu] ,,on ,,gold ,,gr\nd1 & ! specim5s ( ?is :i* fir/ rea*$ ,europe dur+ ! "t ( ,l\is ,,xv41 7 pres5tation pieces f ! ,japanese ,pr9ces to "s ( ! ,dut* (ficials4 ,gold gr\nd lacqu] is r>ely f\nd 9 furniture1 & only z a rule 9 "s ( ^? *>m+ little boxes1 9 :i* ! lum9\s effect ( ! lac is height5$ by ! introduction ( silv] foliage on a m9ute scale1 or ( t9y l&scape "w & figures *>m+ly treat$1 p>tly ) dull gold & p>tly highly burni%$4 ,small placques ( ?is beautiful w>e 7 us$ = "s ( ! *oice/ pieces ( ,g\?ire's elegant furniture made = ,m>ie ,anto9ette4 ,av5tur9e lacqu] closely imitates 9 color ! sp>kl+ m9]al f :i* x takes its "n1 & a less highly f9i%$ prep>ation is us$ z a l9+ = ! small draw]s ( cab9ets4 ,ano!r lacqu] has a black gr\nd1 on :i* l&scapes delicately trac$ 9 gold /& out 9 *>m+ relief4 ,su* pieces 7 us$ by ,ries5] & m\nt$ by ,g\?ire 9 "s ( ! mo/ co/ly furniture made = ,m>ie ,anto9ette2 "s specim5s are 9 ! ,l\vre4 ,x is ?is k9d ( lacqu]1 9 v>y+ qualities1 t is usually f\nd 9 cab9ets1 fold+ scre5s1 c(f]s1 tables1 etagres1 & o!r ornam5tal articles ( furniture4 ,enri*$ ) inlay ( "m ( pe>l1 ! effect ( :i* is 9 "s cases height5$ & r5d]$ m effective by "s transp>5t color+ on its rev]se side1 z 9 ! case ( a bird's plumage or ( ^? beautiful blossoms :i* bo? ,*9ese & ,japanese arti/s c repres5t s fai?fully4 ,a v rem>kable scre5 9 ,*9ese lacqu] ( lat] date is 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum2 x is compos$ ( twelve folds ea* t5 feet high1 & measur+ :5 fully ext5d$ tw5ty-"o feet4 ,?is scre5 is v beautifully decorat$ on bo? sides ) incis$ & rais$ ornam5ts pa9t$ & gilt on black gr\nd1 ) a ri* bord] ornam5t$ ) repres5tations ( sacr$ symbols & v>i\s o!r objects4 ,! price paid = x 0 #a1jjj4 ,!re are also 9 ! ,museum "s v ri* *airs ( mod]n ,*9ese "w1 9 br[n wood1 probably teak1 v elaborately inlaid ) "m-(-pe>l2 !y 7 exhibit$ 9 ,p>is 9 #ahfg4 ,( ! v e>ly hi/ory ( ,japanese indu/rial arts we "k b little4 ,we h no record ( ! k9d ( furniture :i* ,m>co ,polo f\nd :5 he travell$ 9 ,japan 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury1 & until ! ,jesuit mission>ies obta9$ a foot+ 9 ! sixte5? c5tury & s5t home specim5s ( native "w1 !re 0 probably v little ( ,japanese manufacture :i* f\nd its way to ,europe4 ,! beautiful lacqu] "w ( ,japan1 :i* dates f ! end ( ! sixte5? & ! foll[+ c5tury1 leads u to suppose t a long p]iod ( probation mu/ h occurr$ be=e ! ,arts1 :i* 7 probably le>n$ f ! ,*9ese1 c\ld h be5 s ?or\ghly ma/]$4 ,( furniture1 ) ! exception ( ! cab9ets1 *e/s1 & boxes1 l>ge & small1 ( ?is fam\s lac1 !re appe>s to h be5 little4 ,until ! ,japanese develop$ a ta/e = copy+ ,european cu/oms & mann]s1 ! habit seems to h be5 to sit on mats & to use small tables rais$ a few in*es f ! gr\nd4 ,ev5 ! b$rooms conta9$ no b$/eads1 b a light mattress s]v$ = b$ & b$/ead4 ,! process ( lacqu]+ has already be5 describ$1 & 9 ! *apt] on ,fr5* furniture ( ! eighte5? c5tury x w be se5 h[ specim5s ( ?is decorative mat]ial rea*$ ,france by way ( ,holl&1 & 7 m\nt$ into ! meubles de luxe ( t "t4 ,) ?is exception1 & t ( ! fam\s collection ( porcela9 9 ! ,japan ,palace at ,dresd51 probably b little ( ! art products ( ?is arti/ic p _h be5 export$ until ! c\ntry 0 op5$ up by ! exp$ition ( ,"l ,elg9 & ,commodore ,p]ry1 9 #aheh-i1 & subsequ5tly by ! antiqu>ian k & rese>* ( ,sir ,ru!r=d ,alcock1 :o has contribut$ s mu* to our k ( ,japanese indu/rial art2 inde$ x is sc>cely too mu* to say1 t s f> z ,engl& is conc]n$1 he 0 ! fir/ to introduce ! products ( ! ,empire ( ,japan4 ,illu/ration3 ,japanese ,cab9et ( ,r$ ,*as$ ,lacqu] ,"w4 ,,xvii to ,,xviii ,c5tury4 ,! ,revolution1 & ! break up ( ! feudal sy/em :i* _h exi/$ 9 t c\ntry = "s eight hundr$ ye>s1 end$ by plac+ ! ,mikado on ! ?rone4 ,!re 0 a sale 9 ,p>is1 9 #ahfg1 ( ! fam\s collection ( ! ,%gun1 :o _h s5t 8 treasures !re to raise funds = ! civil w> 9 :i* he 0 !n engag$ ) ! ,daimio4 ,?is 0 foll[$ by ! exportation ( o!r f9e native productions to ,p>is & ,london2 b ! supply ( old & really f9e specim5s has1 s9ce ab\t #ahgd1 almo/ ceas$1 &1 9 default1 ! ,european m>kets h become flood$ ) articles ( *eap & inf]ior workman%ip1 export$ to meet ! mod]n dem&4 ,! pres5t ,gov]nm5t ( ,japan1 anxi\s to recov] _m ( ! ma/]pieces :i* 7 produc$ 9 ! be/ "t1 "u ! patronage ( ! native pr9ces ( ! old rgime1 h e/abli%$ a museum at ,tokio1 :]e _m examples ( f9e lacqu] "w1 :i* _h be5 s5t to ,europe = sale1 h be5 plac$ aft] repur*ase1 to s]ve z examples = native arti/s to copy1 & to assi/ 9 ! re/oration ( ! anci5t reputation ( ,japan4 ,!re is 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum a v beautiful ,japanese *e/ ( lacqu] "w made ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 ! be/ "t = ,japanese art2 x =m]ly belong$ to ,napoleon ,i4 & 0 pur*as$ at ! ,hamilton ,palace ,sale = #gbb3 x is "s #c ft4 #c 94 long & #b ft4 #a 94 high1 & 0 int5d$ orig9ally z a receptacle = sacr$ ,buddhi/ books4 ,!re are1 mo/ delicately work$ on to its surface1 views ( ! int]ior ( "o ( ! ,imp]ial ,palaces ( ,japan1 & a hunt+ sc5e4 ,"m-(-pe>l1 gold1 silv]1 & av5tur9e1 are all us$ 9 ! enri*m5t ( ?is beautiful specim5 ( inlaid "w1 & ! lock plate is a repres5tative example ( ! be/ k9d ( metal "w z appli$ to ?is purpose4 ,h4,r4,h4 ! ,duke ( ,ed9burgh has sev]al f9e specim5s ( ,*9ese & ,japanese lacqu] "w 9 8 collection1 ab\t ! arrangem5t ( :i* ! writ] _h ! hon\r ( advis+ 8 ,royal ,highness1 :5 x arriv$ "s ye>s ago at ,cl>5ce ,h\se4 ,! e>lie/ specim5 is a read+ desk1 pres5t$ by ! ,mikado1 ) a slope = a book mu* resembl+ an ord9>y bookre/1 b *>m+ly decorat$ ) lacqu] 9 l&scape subjects on ! flat surfaces1 :ile ! small] p>ts are diap]$ ) fl[]s & quatrefoils 9 relief ( lac & gold4 ,?is is ( ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,! collections ( ! ,e>l ( ,elg9 & ,k9c>d9e1 ,sir ,ru!r=d ,alcock1 ,k4,c4,b41 ,mr4 ,salt+1 ,visc\nt ,g\gh1 & o!r well-kn[n amateurs1 conta9 "s excell5t examples ( ! be/ p]iods ( ,japanese ,art "w ( ! sev5te5? & eighte5? c5turies4 ,! grotesque c>v+ ( ! wond]ful dragons & m>vell\s mon/]s introduc$ into furniture made by ! ,*9ese & ,japanese1 & especially 9 ! ornam5tal woodwork ( ! ,old ,temples1 is ?or\ghly peculi> to ^! ma/]s ( elaborate design & skilful manipulation3 & ! l[ rate ( remun]ation1 comp>$ ) our ,european notions ( wages1 enables "w to be produc$ t w\ld be impracticable "u any o!r conditions4 ,9 comp>+ ! decorative "w on ,*9ese & ,japanese furniture1 x may be said t m ecc5tricity is effect$ by ! latt] ?an by ! =m] 9 _! designs & g5]al decorative "w4 ,! ,japanese jo9] is unsurpass$1 & mu* ( ! lattice "w1 admirable 9 design & workman%ip1 is s qua9t & intricate t only by close exam9ation c x be di/+ui%$ f f9ely cut fret "w4 ,indian ,furniture4 ,european influ5ce ^u ,indian art & manufactures has be5 ( long duration2 x 0 fir/ ex]cis$ by ! ,portuguese & ,dut* 9 ! e>ly days ( ! ,unit$ ,ea/ ,india ,company1 aft]w>ds by ! ,fr5*1 :o e/abli%$ a trad+ company !re 9 #affd1 & s9ce !n by ! ,engli%1 ! fir/ *>t] ( ! old ,ea/ ,india ,company dat+ z f> back z #afjj4 ,?us ,european ta/e dom9at$ almo/ ev]y?+ ( an ornam5tal "* until x became difficult to f9d a decorative article ! design ( :i* did n 9 "s way or o!r %ew ! pr$om9ance ( ,european influ5ce ov] native conception4 ,!re=e x becomes important to asc]ta9 :at k9d ( furniture1 limit$ z x 01 exi/$ 9 ,india dur+ ! p]iod ( ! ,mogul ,empire1 :i* la/$ f #aeje to #agci1 :5 ! invasion ( ! ,p]sians "u ,k\li ,khan de/roy$ ! p[] ( ! ,moguls2 ! c\ntry =m]ly subject to !m 0 !n divid$ among/ sundry petty pr9ces4 ,! ?rones & ,/ate *airs us$ by ! ,moguls 7 ri* ) elaborate gild+2 ! legs or supports 7 sometimes ( turn$ wood1 ) "s ( ! memb]s c>v$2 ! *air 0 =m$ l an h\r glass1 or r l two b[ls rev]s$1 ) ! upp] "p ext5d$ to =m a high] back to ! seat4 ,9 ,m4 ,rac9et's sumptu\s "w1 ,le ,co/ume ,hi/orique1 publi%$ 9 ,p>is 9 #bj volumes 7#ahgf71 !re are reproduc$ "s old m9iatures f ! collection ( ,m4 ,ambroise ,didot4 ,^! repres5t--) all ! advantages ( ! mo/ highly f9i%$ pr9t+ 9 gold1 silv]1 & col\rs--portraits ( ^! native sov]eigns seat$ on _! ,/ate *airs1 ) ! umbrella1 z a sign ( royalty4 ,! panels & ornam5ts ( ! ?rones are pick$ out ) patt]ns ( fl[]s1 sometimes deta*$ blossoms1 sometimes ! :ole plant2 ! colors are g5]ally bright r$ & gre51 :ile ! gr\nd ( a panel or ! back ( a *air is 9 silv]1 ) arabesque trac]y1 ! re/ ( ! *air be+ entirely gilt4 ,! c\*es are rectangul>1 ) f\r turn$ & c>v$ supports1 "s eight or t5 in*es high1 & also gilt4 ,) ! exception ( small tables1 :i* c\ld be c>ri$ into ! room by slaves1 & us$ = ! light refre%m5ts cu/om>y to ! c\ntry1 !re 0 no o!r furniture4 ,! ladies ( ! h>em are repres5t$ z be+ seat$ on sumptu\s c>pets1 & ! walls are highly decorat$ ) gold & silv] & color1 :i* seems v well suit$ to ! ar*$ op5+s1 c>v$ & gilt doors1 & brilliant co/umes ( ! occupants ( ^! ,indian palaces4 ,aft] ! break up ( ! ,mogul p[]1 ! influ5ce ( ,holl&1 ,france1 & ,engl& br\ght ab\t a mixture ( ta/e & design :i*1 ) ! concurr5t alt]ations 9 mann]s & cu/oms1 gradually l$ to ! production ( :at is n[ kn[n z ! ,bombay furniture4 ,! pati5t1 m9ute c>v+ ( ,indian design appli$ to utt]ly uncong5ial ,portuguese or ,fr5* %apes ( *airs & s(as1 or to ! famili> r\nd or oval table1 c>v$ almo/ beyond recognition1 are in/ances ( ?is /yle4 ,"o sees ^! occasionally 9 ! h\se ( an ,anglo-,indian1 :o has employ$ native workm5 to make "s ( ?is furniture = him1 ! ,european *airs & tables be+ giv5 z models1 :ile ! details ( ! ornam5t h be5 left to native ta/e4 ,x is sc>cely "p ( our subject to allude to ! same k9d ( influ5ce :i* has spoil$ ! qua9t biz>re effect ( native design & workman%ip 9 silv]1 9 jewell]y1 9 c>pets1 embroid]ies1 & 9 pott]y1 :i* 0 s manife/ 9 ! contributions s5t to ,s\? ,k5s+ton at ! ,colonial ,exhibition1 #ahhf4 ,!re are 9 ! ,indian ,museum at ,s\? ,k5s+ton sev]al examples ( ?is ,bombay furniture1 & also "s ( ,c+alese manufacture4 ,9 ! ,jones ,collection at ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum1 !re are two c>v$ ivory *airs & a table1 ! latt] gild$1 ! =m] p>tly gild$1 :i* are a portion ( a set tak5 f ,tippo ,sahib at ! /orm+ ( ,s]+apatam4 ,w>r5 ,ha/+s br\ght !m to ,engl&1 & !y 7 giv5 to ,que5 ,*>lotte4 ,aft] h] dea? ! set 0 divid$2 ,"l ,londesbor\gh pur*as$ "p ( x1 & ?is portion is n[ on loan at ! ,be?nal ,gre5 ,museum4 ,! ,que5 has also among/ h] num]\s ,jubilee pres5ts "s v h&some ivory furniture ( ,indian workman%ip1 :i* may be se5 at ,w9dsor ,ca/le4 ,^!1 h[ev]1 z well z ! ,jones ,collection examples1 ?\gh ?or\ghly ,indian 9 "* z reg>ds ! treatm5t ( scrolls1 fl[]s1 & foliage1 %ew unmi/akcably ! influ5ce ( ,fr5* ta/e 9 _! g5]al =m & cont\r4 ,articles1 su* z boxes1 /&s = gongs1 etc41 are to be f\nd c>v$ 9 s&al wood1 & 9 dalburgia1 or black wood1 ) rosewood m\ld+s2 & a peculi> *>act]i/ic ( ?is ,indian decoration1 sometimes appli$ to su* small articles ( furniture1 is ! coat+ ( ! surface ( ! wood ) r$ lacqu]1 ! pla9 p>ts tak+ a high poli% :ile ! c>v$ enri*m5t rema9s dull4 ,! effect ( ?is is precisely t ( ! article be+ made ( r$ seal+ wax1 & frequ5tly ! m9ute patt]n ( ! c>v$ ornam5t & its g5]al treatm5t t5d to give an idea ( an impression made 9 ! wax by an elaborately cut die4 ,! casket illu/rat$ on p4 #acd is an example ( ?is treatm5t4 ,x 0 exhibit$ 9 #ahea4 ,! l>g] examples ( ,indian c>v$ woodwork are ( teak2 ! f9e/ & mo/ *>act]i/ic specim5s )9 ! writ]'s k are ! two fold+ doors :i* 7 s5t z a pres5t to ! ,indian ,gov]nm5t1 & are 9 ! ,indian ,museum4 ,!y are ( sev5te5? c5tury "w1 & are said to h enclos$ a libr>y at ,k][lee4 ,:ile ! door frames are ( teak1 ) ! out] frames c>v$ ) b&s ( foliage 9 high relief1 ! doors !mselves are divid$ into panels ( fanta/ic %apes1 & yet s arrang$ t !re is j suffici5t regul>ity to please ! eye4 ,"s ( ^! panels are c>v$ & enri*$ ) ivory fl[]s1 o!rs h a rosette ( c>v$ ivory 9 ! c5tre1 & pieces ( talc ) gre5 & r$ col\r und]nea?1 a decoration also f\nd 9 "s ,arabian "w4 ,x is almo/ impossible to convey by words an adequate description ( ^! doors2 !y %\ld be c>efully exam9$ z examples ( g5u9e native design & workman%ip4 ,mr4 ,poll5 has conclud$ a some:at detail$ acc\nt ( !m by say+3--,= elegance ( %ape & proportion1 & ! propriety ( ! composition ( ! frame & sub-divisions ( ^! doors1 _! m\ld+s & _! panel c>v+s & ornam5ts1 we c = ! pres5t "n no o!r example s in/ructive4 ,we are mu* rem9d$ by ?is decoration ( ! pi]c$ lattices at ! ,s4 ,m>co 9 ,v5ice4 ,illu/ration3 ,casket ( ,indian ,lacqu] ,"w4 ,!re is 9 ! ,indian ,museum ano!r rem>kable specim5 ( native furniture--namely1 a *air ( ! pure/ beat5 gold ( octagonal %ape1 & =m$ ( two b[ls rev]s$1 decorat$ ) acan?us & lotus 9 rep\se ornam5t4 ,?is is ( eighte5? c5tury workman%ip1 & 0 =m]ly ! prop]ty ( ,runjeet ,s+4 ,! preci\s metal is ?9ly laid on1 accord+ to ! ,ea/]n me?od1 ! wood und]nea? ! gold tak+ all ! weight4 ,!re is also a collection ( pla/] ca/s ( portions ( temples & palaces f a v e>ly p]iod until ! pres5t "t1 sev]al hav+ be5 s5t ov] z a loan to ! ,indian & ,colonial ,exhibition ( #ahhf1 & aft]w>ds pres5t$ by ! ,commission]s to ! ,museum4 ,a c>eful obs]vation ( ! ornam5tal details ( ^! ca/s leads u to ! conclusion t ! ,byzant9e /yle :i* 0 dom9ant ?r\gh\t ! m civiliz$ portion ( ,asia dur+ ! p[] ( ! ,romans1 _h surviv$ ! great *anges ( ! ,middle ,ages4 ,z native "w became subject m or less to ! influ5ce ( ! ,indo-,*9ese c>v]s ( deities on ! "o side1 & ( ! ,european notions ( ! ,portuguese pione]s ( discov]y on ! o!r1 a fa%ion ( decorative woodwork 0 arriv$ at :i* c sc>cely be dignifi$ by ! "n ( a /yle1 & :i* x is difficult to describe4 ,dr4 ,birdwood1 9 8 "w on ,indian ,art1 po9ts out t1 ab\t a hundr$ ye>s ago1 ,indian designs 7 affect$ by ! immigration ( ,p]sian design]s & workm54 ,! result ( ?is influ5ce is to be se5 9 ! examples 9 ! ,museum1 a %ort notice ( :i* w conclude ^! rem>ks on ,indian "w4 ,! copy 9 %i%em wood ( a c>v$ w9d[ at ,amritz>1 9 ! ,punjaub1 ) its ov]hang+ cornice1 ornam5tal ar*es1 support$ by pill>s1 & ! :ole surface cov]$ ) small details ( ornam5t1 is a good example ( ! sixte5? & sev5te5? c5tury "w4 ,! v>i\s faades ( dwell+-h\ses 9 teak wood1 c>v$1 & /ill be>+ ! rema9s ( pa9t ) :i* "p ( ! c>v+ 0 pick$ out1 repres5t ! "w ( ! contempor>y c>v]s ( ,ahm$abad1 fam\s = its woodwork4 ,portions ( a lacqu] "w scre51 simil> 9 appe>ance to emboss$ gilt lea!r1 ) ! patt]n 9 gold1 on a gr\nd ( black or r$1 & ! s+ul> ,ca%m]e "w1 call$ mirror mosaic1 give u a good idea ( ! ,indian decoration ( ! eighte5? & e>ly n9ete5? c5turies4 ,?is effective decoration is produc$ by little pieces ( look+-glass be+ introduc$ into ! small geometrical patt]ns ( ! panels2 ^!1 :5 jo9$ toge!r1 =m a v ri* ceil+4 ,! b$/ead ( ,k+ ,!ebaw1 br\ght f ,m&alay1 is an example ( ?is mixture ( glass & wood1 :i* c be made extremely effective4 ,! wood is c>v$ & gilt to repres5t ! gold sett+ ( num]\s preci\s /ones1 :i* are c\nt]feit$ by small pieces ( look+-glass & v>i\sly-col\r$ pieces ( transp>5t glass4 ,"s ( ! ,pr9ce ( ,wales' pres5ts1 namely1 *airs1 ) c>v$ lions =m+ arms2 tables ( %i%em wood1 inlaid ) ebony & ivory1 %ew ! ,european influ5ce we h allud$ to4 ,among/ ! mod]n ornam5tal articles 9 ! ,museum are _m boxes1 p5 trays1 writ+ cases1 & ev5 photograph albums ( wood & ivory mosaic "w1 ! inlaid patt]ns be+ produc$ by plac+ toge!r /rips ( t9 wire1 s&al wood1 ebony1 & ( ivory1 :ite1 or /a9$ gre53 ^! b\nd into a rod1 ei!r triangul> or hexagonal1 are cut into small sections1 & !n inlaid into ! surface ( ! article to be decorat$4 ,papi] ma* & lacqu] "w are also frequ5tly f\nd 9 small articles ( furniture2 & ! collection ( draw+s by native arti/s atte/s ! high skill 9 design & execution atta9$ by ,indian craftsm54 ,p]sia4 ,! ,p]sians h f "t immemorial be5 an arti/ic p1 & _! /yle ( ,art ?r\gh\t successive conque/s & g5]ations has v>i$ b little4 ,major-,g5]al ,murdo* ,smi?1 ,r4,e41 ! pres5t ,director ( ! bran* ( ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum 9 ,ed9burgh1 :o resid$ = "s ye>s 9 ,p]sia1 & _h ! assi/ance :5 !re ( ,m4 ,ri*>d 7a well-kn[n ,fr5* antiqu>ian71 made a collection ( objets d'art "s ye>s ago = ! ,sci5ce & ,art ,dep>tm5t1 :i* is n[ 9 ! ,k5s+ton ,museum1 b x conta9s comp>atively little t c be actually t]m$ furniture2 & x is extremely difficult to meet ) important specim5s ( ornam5tal wordwork ( native workman%ip4 ,^? 9 ! ,museum1 & 9 o!r collections1 are g5]ally small ornam5tal articles4 ,! *ief reason ( ?is is1 d\btless1 t little timb] is to be f\nd 9 ,p]sia1 except 9 ! ,caspian prov9ces1 :]e1 z ,mr4 ,b5jam9 has told u 9 ,p]sia & ! ,p]sians1 wood is abundant2 & ! ,p]sian ar*itect1 tak+ advantage ( 8 opportunity1 has design$ 8 h\ses ) wood5 piazzas--n f\nd else:]e--& ) beams1 l9tels1 & eaves qua9tly1 sometimes elegantly1 c>v$1 & t9t$ ) brilliant hues4 ,ano!r feature ( ! decorative woodwork 9 ?is "p ( ,p]sia is t produc$ by ! l>ge lattic$ w9d[s1 :i* are well adapt$ to ! climate4 ,illu/ration3 ,door ( ,c>v$ ,s&al ,wood1 f ,travancore4 ,india ,museum1 ,s\? ,k5s+ton4 ,p]iod3 ,probably ,late ,,xviii4 ,c5tury4 ,9 ! manufacture ( textile fabrics--notably1 _! fam\s c>pets ( ,yezd & ,ispahan1 & _! embroid]$ clo?s 9 hamm]$ & engrav$ metal "w1 & =m]ly 9 beautiful pott]y & porcela9--!y h excell$3 & examples w be f\nd 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum4 ,x is difficult to f9d a repres5tative specim5 ( ,p]sian furniture except a box or a /ool2 & ! illu/ration ( a brass inc5se burn] is1 !re=e1 giv5 to m>k ! me?od ( design1 :i* 0 adopt$ 9 a modifi$ =m by ! ,p]sians f _! ,arab conqu]ors4 ,illu/ration3 ,inc5se ,burn] ( ,engrav$ ,brass4 7,9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum74 ,?is me?od ( design has "o or two special *>act]i/ics :i* are wor? notic+4 ,"o ( ^! 0 ! tea*+ ( ,mahomet =bidd+ animal repres5tation 9 design--a rule :i* 9 lat] "w has be5 relax$2 ano!r 0 ! introduction ( ma!matics into ,p]sia by ! ,s>ac5s1 :i* l$ to ! adoption ( geometrical patt]ns 9 design2 & a ?ird1 ! developm5t ( ,caligraphy into a f9e art1 :i* has result$ 9 ! introduction ( a text1 or motto1 into s _m ( ! ,p]sian designs ( decorative "w4 ,! comb9ation ( ^! ?ree *>act]i/ics h giv5 u ! ,arabesque =m ( ornam5t1 :i*1 9 arti/ic nom5clature1 occurs s frequ5tly4 ,! g5]al me?od ( decorat+ woodwork is simil> to t ( ,india1 & consi/s 9 ei!r inlay+ br[n wood 7g5]ally teak7 ) ivory or pe>l 9 geometrical patt]ns1 or 9 cov]+ ! wood5 box1 or manuscript case1 ) a coat+ ( lacqu]1 some:at simil> to ! ,*9ese or ,japanese prep>ations4 ,on ?is gr\ndwork "s good m9iature pa9t+ 0 execut$1 ! col\rs be+1 z a rule1 r$1 gre51 & gold1 ) black l9es to give =ce to ! design4 ,! au?or ( ,p]sia & ! ,p]sians1 already quot$1 _h1 dur+ 8 resid5ce 9 ! c\ntry1 z ,am]ican ,m9i/]1 great opportunities ( obs]vation1 & 9 8 *apt] entitl$ ,a ,glance at ! ,arts ( ,p]sia1 has said a good deal ( ?is mosaic "w4 ,ref]r+ to ! sc>city ( wood 9 ,p]sia1 he says3 ,= ! above reason "o is a/oni%$ at ! m>vell\s +5uity1 skill1 & ta/e develop$ by ! art ( inlaid "w1 or ,mosaic 9 wood4 ,x w\ld be impossible to exce$ ! results a*iev$ by ! ,p]sian artizans1 especially ^? ( ,%iraz1 9 ?is wond]ful & difficult art4444 ,*airs1 tables1 s(as1 boxes1 viol9s1 guit>s1 canes1 picture frames1 almo/ e conceivable object1 9 fact1 :i* is made ( wood1 may be f\nd ov]laid ) an exquisite cas+ ( inlaid "w1 s m9ute sometimes t ?irty-live or =ty pieces may be c\nt$ 9 ! space ( a squ>e eigh? ( an in*4 ,i h c\nt$ f\r hundr$ & tw5ty-eight di/9ct pieces on a squ>e in* ( a viol91 :i* is completely cov]$ by ?is exquisite detail ( geometric designs1 9 ,mosaic4 ,mr4 ,b5jam9--:o1 x w be notic$1 is some:at too en?usia/ic ov] ?is k9d ( me*anical decoration--also obs]ves t1 :ile ! details w /& ! te/ ( a magnify+ glass1 !re is a g5]al bread? 9 ! design :i* r5d]s x h>moni\s & pleas+ if look$ at f a di/ance4 ,9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum !re are sev]al specim5s ( ,p]sian lacqu] "w1 :i* h v mu* ! appe>ance ( papi] ma* articles t us$ to be s common 9 ,engl& "s =ty ye>s ago1 save t ! decoration is1 ( c\rse1 ( ,ea/]n "*4 ,( sev5te5? c5tury "w1 !re is also a f9e c(f]1 ri*ly inlaid ) ivory1 ( ! be/ description ( ,p]sian design & workman%ip ( ?is p]iod1 :i* 0 ab\t ! z5i? ( ,p]sian ,art dur+ ! reign ( ,%ah ,abbas4 ,! num]\s small articles ( :at is t]m$ ,p]sian m>quet]ie1 are inlaid ) t9 wire & /a9$ ivory1 on a gr\nd ( c$> wood1 v simil> to ! same k9d ( ornam5tal "w already describ$ 9 ! ,indian section ( ?is *apt]4 ,^! 7 pur*as$ at ! ,p>is ,exhibition 9 #ahfg4 ,p]sian ,art ( ! pres5t day may be said to be 9 a /ate ( transition1 ow+ to ! introduction & assimilation ( ,european ideas4 ,s>ac5ic ,woodwork ,f ,cairo & ,damascus4 ,:ile ! *anges ( fa%ion 9 ,we/]n1 z contra/$ ) ,ea/]n c\ntries1 are comp>atively rapid1 ! record ( two or ?ree c5turies pres5t+ a hi/ory ( great & well-def9$ alt]ations 9 mann]s1 cu/oms1 & !re=e1 ( furniture1 ! m cons]vative ,ori5tal has be5 cont5t to reproduce1 f g5]ation to g5]ation1 ! traditions ( 8 =efa!rs2 & we f9d t1 f ! "t ( ! ,moori% conque/ & spread ( ,arabesque design1 no radical *ange 9 ,s>ac5ic ,art occurr$ until ,fr5* & ,engli% en]gy & ent]prise =c$ ,european fa%ions into ,egypt3 z a consequ5ce1 ! orig9al qua9tness & ,ori5talism natural to ! c\ntry1 are be+ gradually replac$ by build+s1 decoration1 & furniture ( ,european fa%ion4 ,! c>v$ pulpit1 f a mosque 9 ,cairo1 :i* is 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum1 0 made = ,sultan ,kaitbeg1 #adfh-if4 ,! side panels1 ( geometrical patt]n1 ?\gh mu* injur$ by "t & we>1 %ew signs ( ebony inlaid ) ivory1 & ( pa9t+ & gild+2 !y are good specim5s ( ! k9d ( "w4 ,! two doors1 also f ,cairo1 ! olde/ p>ts ( :i* are j two hundr$ ye>s e>li] ?an ! pulpit1 are exactly ( ! same /yle1 &1 s f> z appe>ances g1 might be j z well tak5 = two hundr$ ye>s lat]1 s cons]vative 0 ! ,s>ac5ic treatm5t ( decorative woodwork = "s f\r or five c5turies4 ,p5tagonal & hexagonal mosaics ( ivory1 ) little m\ld+s ( ebony divid+ ! diff]5t panels1 ! c5tres ( ecc5tric %apes ( ivory or rosewood c>v$ ) m9ute scrolls1 comb9e to give ^! elaborate doors a v ri* effect1 & rem9d "o ( ! "w /ill to be se5 at ! ,alhambra4 ,! ,sci5ce & ,art ,dep>tm5t has be5 =tunate 9 secur+ f ! ,/4 ,maurice & ,dr4 ,meym> collections a great _m specim5s :i* are well wor? exam9ation4 ,! mo/ rem>kable is a complete room br\ght f a h\se 9 ,damascus1 :i* is fitt$ up 9 ! ,ori5tal /yle1 & gives "o a good idea ( an ,ea/]n int]ior4 ,! walls are pa9t$ 9 col\r & gold2 ! spaces divid$ by flat pila/]s1 & !re are recesses1 or cupbo>ds1 = ! reception ( pott]y1 qua9tly =m$ vessels1 & pots ( brass4 ,ori5tal c>pets1 octagonal tables1 su* z ! "o :i* ornam5ts ! initial lett] ( ?is *apt]1 hookas1 inc5se burn]s1 & cu%ions furni% ! ap>tm5t2 :ile ! lattice w9d[ is an excell5t repres5tation ( ! ,me%]abijeh1 or lattice "w1 ) :i* we are famili>1 s9ce s mu* has be5 import$ by ,egyptian travell]s4 ,9 ! upp] panels ( ! lattice !re are ins]t$ pieces ( col\r$ glass1 &1 look+ outw>ds t[>ds ! light1 ! effect is v pretty4 ,! date ( ?is room is #agef1 :i* appe>s at ! foot ( an ,arabic inscription1 ( :i* a translation is app5d$ to ! exhibit4 ,x comm5ces--,9 ! ,"n ( ,god1 ! ,m]ciful1 ! ,compassionate1 & concludes2 ,pray1 !re=e1 to ,him morn+ & ev5+4 ,illu/ration3 ,gov]nor's ,palace1 ,manfalut4 ,%ew+ a ,w9d[ ( ,arab ,lattice ,"w1 simil> to t ( ! ,damascus ,room 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum4 ,a numb] ( bosses & panels1 deta*$ f _! orig9al framework1 are also to be se51 & are good specim5s ( ,s>ac5ic design4 ,a b$/ead1 ) inlay ( ivory & num]\s small squ>es ( glass1 "u :i* are pap] fl[]s1 is also a good example ( native "w4 ,illu/ration3 ,specim5 ( ,s>ac5ic ,panell+ ( ,c$>1 ,ebony1 & ,ivory4 7,9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum47 ,! illu/ration on p4 #adb is ( a c>v$ wood door f ,cairo1 consid]$ by ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton au?orities to be ( ,syrian "w4 ,x %ews ! turn$ sp9dles1 :i* ! ,arabs g5]ally introduce into _! ornam5tal woodwork3 & ! c>v+ ( ! vase ( fl[]s is a good specim5 ( ! k9d4 ,! date is ab\t ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,= ^? :o w\ld ga9 an ext5d$ k ( ,s>ac5ic or ,arabian ,art indu/ry1 ,l',art ,arabe1 by ,m4 ,prisse d',aveunes1 %\ld be consult$4 ,!re w be f\nd 9 ?is "w _m c>efully-prep>$ illu/rations ( ! cu%ion$ seats1 ! project+ balconies ( ! lattice "w already allud$ to1 ( octagonal inlaid tables1 & su* o!r articles ( furniture z 7 us$ by ! ,arabs4 ,! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,h&book1 ,p]sian ,art1 by ,major-,g5]al ,murdo* ,smi?1 ,r4,e41 is also a v h&y & useful "w 9 a small compass4 ,:ile discuss+ ,s>ac5ic or ,arab furniture1 x is wor? notic+ t our ^w s(a is ( ,arab d]ivation1 ! ^w suffah mean+ a c\* or place = recl9+ be=e ! door ( ,ea/]n h\ses4 ,9 ,skeat's ,diction>y ! ^w is said to h fir/ occurr$ 9 ! ,gu>dian1 9 ! ye> #agac1 & ! phrase is quot$ f ,no4 #afg ( t old p]iodical ( ! day--,he leapt (f f ! s(a on :i* he sat4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,c>v$ ,door ( ,syrian ,"w4 7,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum47 ,f ! same s\rce ! ^w ottoman1 :i* ,web/] def9es z a /uff$ seat )\t a back1 fir/ us$ 9 ,turkey1 is obvi\sly obta9$1 & ! mod]n l[-seat$ uphol/]]'s *air ( to-day is d\btless ! developm5t ( a ,fr5* adaptation ( ! ,ea/]n cu%ion or divan1 ?is latt] ^w hav+ become appli$ to ! seats :i* furni%$ ! hall or c\ncil *amb] 9 an ,ea/]n palace1 al?\gh its orig9al mean+ 0 probably ! c\ncil or c\rt itself1 or ! hall 9 :i* su* 0 held4 ,?us d ! habits & ta/es ( diff]5t nations act & re-act ^u ea* o!r4 ,we/]n peoples h c>ri$ ea/w>d _! civilisation & _! fa%ions1 influ5c+ ,arts & indu/ries1 ) _! re/less en]gy1 & break+ up ! cru/ ( ,ori5tal apa?y & indol5ce2 & h br\ght back 9 return ! ideas ga9$ f an obs]vation ( ! associations & accessories ( ,ea/]n life1 to adapt !m to ! requirem5ts & ref9em5ts ( ,european luxury4 ,illu/ration3 ,%ap$ ,panel ( ,s>ac5ic ,"w 9 ,c>v$ ,bone or ,ivory4 ,illu/ration3 ,b\le ,armoire4 ,design$ by ,le ,brun1 =m]ly 9 ! ,hamilton ,palace ,collection & pur*as$ 7,w]!im]7 = #ab1jge ! pair4 ,p]iod3 ,l\is ,,xiv4 ,*apt] ,,vi4 ,fr5* ,furniture4 ,,palace ,,( ,,v]sailles3 ,gr& & ,petit ,trianon--! ?ree ,/yles ( ,l\is ,,xiv41 ,,xv4 & ,,xvi4--,colb]t & ,lebrun--,&r ,*>les ,b\le & 8 ,"w--,c>v$ & ,gilt ,furniture--,! ,reg5cy & its ,influ5ce--,alt]ation 9 ,condition ( ,fr5* ,society--,watteau1 ,lancret1 & ,b\*]4 ,l\is ,,xv4 ,,furniture3 ,fam\s ,eb5i/es--,v]nis ,m>t9 ,furniture--,caffi]i & ,g\?ire ,m\nt+s--,svres ,porcela9 introduc$ into ,cab9ets--,gobel9s ,tape/ry--,! ,bureau du ,roi4 ,l\is ,,xvi4 ,,& ,,m>ie ,,anto9ette3 ,! ,que5's ,influ5ce--,! ,pa9t]s ,*>d9 & ,greuze--,m simple ,designs--,*>act]i/ic ,ornam5ts ( ,l\is ,,xvi4 ,furniture--,ries5]'s ,"w--,g\?ire's ,m\nt+s--,specim5s 9 ! ,l\vre--,! ,hamilton ,palace ,sale--,fr5* influ5ce ^u ! design ( ,furniture 9 o!r c\ntries--,! ,jones ,collection--,extract f ! ,times4 ,illu/ration ,!re is some?+ s di/9ct 9 ! developm5t ( ta/e 9 furniture1 m>k$ out by ! ?ree /yles to :i* ! ?ree mon>*s h giv5 ! names ( ,l\is ,quatorze1 ,l\is ,qu9ze1 & ,l\is ,seize1 t x af=ds a fitt+ po9t = a new dep>ture4 ,?is w be evid5t to anyone :o w visit1 fir/ ! ,palace ( ,v]sailles1#ac !n ! ,gr& ,trianon1 & aft]w>ds ! ,petit ,trianon4 ,by ! help ( a few illu/rations1 su* a visit 9 ! ord] giv5 w\ld greatly int]e/ anyone hav+ a smatt]+ ( k ( ! *>act]i/ic ornam5ts ( ^! diff]5t p]iods4 ,a c>eful exam9ation w\ld demon/rate h[ ! "o /yle gradually m]g$ into t ( its successor4 ,?us ! massiv5ess & gr&eur ( ! be/ ,l\is ,quatorze meubles de luxe1 became1 9 its lat] developm5t1 too ornate & effem9ate1 ) an elaboration ( enri*m5t1 culm9at+ 9 ! rococo /yle ( ,l\is ,qu9ze4 ,!n we f9d1 9 ! ,petit ,trianon1 & also 9 ! ,*ateau ( ,fonta9ebleau1 ! pur] ta/e ( ,m>ie ,anto9ette dom9at+ ! ,art productions ( h] "t1 :i* rea*$ _! z5i?1 ) reg>d to furniture1 9 ! production ( su* elegant & co/ly examples z h be5 pres]v$ to u 9 ! beautiful "w-table & secretaire--sold "s ye>s s9ce at ! disp]sion ( ! ,hamilton ,palace collection--& 9 "s o!r specim5s1 :i* may be se5 9 ! ,muse du ,l\vre1 9 ! ,jones ,collection 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum1 & 9 o!r public & private collections3 ( ^! sev]al illu/rations are giv54 ,we h to recollect t ! reign ( ,l\is ,,xiv4 0 ! "t ( ! arti/s ,b]a91 ,lebrun1 &1 lat] 9 ! reign1 ( ,watteau1 also ( ,&r ,*>les ,b\le1 ciseleur et doreur du roi1 & ( ,colb]t1 t admirable ,m9i/] ( ,f9ance1 :o knew s well h[ to second 8 royal ma/]'s ta/e = gr&eur & magnific5ce4 ,! ,palace ( ,v]sailles be>s ?r\gh\t ! /amp & impress ( ! maje/y ( le ,gr&e ,mon>que2 & ! ri* ar*itectural ornam5t ( ! int]ior1 ) m\ld$1 gild$1 & pa9t$ ceil+s1 requir$ ! furni%+ to be c>ri$ to an ext5t :i* _h nev] be5 attempt$ previ\sly4 ,l\is ,,xiv4 _h judgm5t 9 8 ta/e1 & he knew t1 to c>ry out 8 ideas ( a royal palace1 he mu/ n only select suitable arti/s capable ( control1 b he mu/ c5tralize _! ef=ts4 ,9 #affd ,colb]t f\nd$ ! ,royal ,academy ( ,pa9t+1 ,ar*itecture1 & ,sculpture1 to :i* designs ( furniture 7 admitt$4 ,! celebrat$ ,gobel9s tape/ry factory 0 also e/abli%$2 & x 0 "h ! ,k+ collect$ toge!r & suitably h\s$ ! diff]5t skill$ produc]s ( 8 furniture1 plac+ !m all "u ! control ( 8 fav\rite arti/1 ,lebrun1 :o 0 appo9t$ director 9 #affg4 ,! mo/ rem>kable furniture arti/ ( ?is "t1 = surely he m]its su* title1 0 ,&r ,*>les ,b\le1 ( :om b little is kn[n4 ,he 0 born 9 #afdb1 &1 !re=e1 0 #be ye>s ( age :5 ,lebrun 0 appo9t$ ,art-director4 ,he appe>s to h orig9at$ ! me?od ( ornam5t+ furniture :i* has s9ce be5 associat$ ) 8 "n4 ,?is 0 to v5e] 8 cab9ets1 p$e/als1 armoires1 encoignures1 clocks1 & brackets ) tortoise%ell1 into :i* a cutt+ ( brass 0 laid1 ! latt] be+ cut out f a design1 9 :i* 7 h>moni\sly arrang$ scrolls1 vases ( fl[]s1 satyrs1 animals1 cupids1 swags ( fruit & drap]ies2 fanta/ic compositions ( a free ,r5aissance "* con/itut$ ! panels2 to :i* bold scrolls 9 ormolu =m$ fitt+ frames2 :ile h&some m\ld+s ( ! same mat]ial gave a f9i% to ! extremities4 ,^! ormolu m\nt+s 7 gilt by an old-fa%ion$ process1#ad :i* left ^u ! metal a ?ick deposit ( gold1 & 7 cunn+ly *isell$ by ! skilful h&s ( ,caffi]i or 8 contempor>ies4 ,illu/ration3 ,b\le ,armoire1 ,9 ! ,jones ,collection1 ,s4 ,k5s+ton ,museum4 ,l\is ,,xiv4 ,p]iod4 ,b\le subsequ5tly le>n$ to economise lab\r by adopt+ a simil> process to t us$ by ! m>quet]ie cutt]2 & by glue+ toge!r two %eets ( brass1 or :ite metal1 & two ( %ell1 & plac+ ov] !m 8 design1 he 0 !n able to pi]ce ! f\r lay]s by "o cut ( ! h&saw2 ?is gave f\r exact copies ( ! design4 ,! same process w\ld be repeat$ = ! rev]se side1 if1 z ) an armoire or a l>ge cab9et1 two panels1 "o = ea* door1 "r & left1 7 requir$2 & !n1 :5 ! brass1 or :ite metal cutt+ 0 fitt$ into ! %ell s t ! jo9s 7 imp]ceptible1 he w\ld h two "r & two left panels4 ,^! w\ld be positive & negative3 9 ! =m] pair ! metal w\ld repres5t ! figur$ design ) ! %ell z gr\ndwork1 & ! latt] w\ld h ! %ell z a design1 ) a gr\nd ( metal4 ,! t]ms positive & negative are ! writ]'s to expla9 ! diff]5ce1 b ! te*nical t]ms are fir/ "p & second "p1 or ,b\le & c\nt]4 ,! =m] w\ld be select$ = ! be/ "p ( ! cab9et1 = in/ance1 ! panels ( ! front doors1 :ile ! latt] w\ld be us$ = ! ends or sides4 ,an illu/ration ( ?is plan ( us+ all f\r cutt+s ( "o design occurs 9 ! armoire ,no4 #ajbf 9 ! ,jones ,collection1 & 9 a great _m o!r excell5t specim5s4 ,! brass1 or ! :ite metal 9 ! design1 0 !n c>efully & mo/ arti/ically engrav$2 & ! beauty ( ! engrav+ ( ,b\le's f9e/ productions is a great po9t ( excell5ce1 giv+1 z x does1 a "* to ! design1 & emphasiz+ its details4 ,! m\nt+ ( ! furniture 9 ormolu ( a ri* & highly-f9i%$ "*1 complet$ ! design4 ,! ,muse du ,l\vre is ri* 9 examples ( ,b\le's "w2 & !re are "s v good pieces 9 ! ,jones ,collection1 at ,h]t=d ,h\se1 & at ,w9dsor ,ca/le4 ,! illu/ration on p4 #add is ! repres5tation ( an armoire1 :i* 01 und\bt$ly1 execut$ by ,b\le f a design by ,lebrun3 x is "o ( a pair :i* 0 sold 9 #ahhb1 at ! ,hamilton ,palace sale1 by ,messrs4 ,*ri/ie1 = #ab1jge4 ,ano!r small cab9et1 9 ! same collection1 realis$ #b1caj4 ,! p$e/al cab9et illu/rat$ on p4 #adh1 f ! ,jones ,collection1 is v simil> to ! latt]1 & co/ ,mr4 ,jones #c1jjj4 ,:5 specim5s1 ( ! g5u95ess ( :i* !re is no d\bt1 are (f]$ = sale1 !y are sure to realize v high prices4 ,! armoire 9 ! ,jones ,collection1 already allud$ to 7,no4 #ajbf71 ( :i* !re is an illu/ration1 co/ betwe5 #d1jjj & #e1jjj4 ,9 "s ( ! be/ ( ,b\le's cab9ets1 z1 = in/ance1 9 ! ,hamilton ,palace armoire 7illu/rat$71 ! bronze gilt ornam5ts /& out 9 bold relief f ! surface4 ,9 ! ,l\vre !re is "o :i* has a figure ( ,le ,gr& ,mon>que1 clad 9 arm\r1 ) a ,roman toga1 & we>+ ! full bottom$ wig ( ! "t1 :i* sc>cely accords ) ! co/ume ( a ,roman g5]al4 ,! absurd comb9ation :i* *>act]ises ?is affectation ( ! classic co/ume is also f\nd 9 portraits ( our ,george ,,ii4 ,illu/ration3 ,p$e/al ,cab9et1 ,by ,b\le1 =m]ly 9 ,mr4 ,b>+'s ,collection4 ,pur*as$ by ,mr4 ,jones = #c1jjj4 7,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum7 ,! masks1 satyrs1 & ram's heads1 ! scrolls & ! foliage1 are also v bold 9 specim5s ( ?is class ( ,b\le's "w2 & ! sun 7t is1 a mask surr\nd$ ) rays ( light7 is a v fav\rite ornam5t ( ?is p]iod4 ,b\le _h f\r sons & sev]al pupils2 & he may be said to h f\nd$ a s*ool ( decorative furniture1 :i* has its vot>ies & imitators n[1 z x _h 9 8 own "t4 ,! ^w "o frequ5tly f9ds misspelt ,buhl1 & ?is has come to repres5t any simil> mode ( decorations on furniture1 no matt] h[ m]etrici\s or common x may be4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,conc]t dur+ ! ,reign ( ,l\is ,,xiv4 7,f a ,m9iature1 dat$ #afif47 ,lat] 9 ! reign1 z o!r influ5ces 7 br\ght to be> ^u ! ta/e & fa%ion ( ! day1 ?is /yle ( furniture became m ornate & %[y4 ,in/ead ( ! natural col\r ( ! %ell1 ei!r v]milion or gold leaf 0 plac$ und]nea? ! transp>5t %ell2 ! gilt m\nts became less sev]e1 & ab\nd$ ) ! curl$ endive ornam5t1 :i* aft]w>ds became ?or\ghly *>act]i/ic ( ! fa%ion ( ! succe$+ reign2 & ! =ms ( ! furniture itself con=m$ to a ta/e = a m free & fl[+ treatm5t2 & x %\ld be m5tion$1 9 ju/ice to ,lebrun1 t f ! "t ( 8 dea? & ! appo9tm5t ( 8 successor1 ,mign>d1 a di/9ct decl9e 9 m]it c be trac$4 ,contempor>y ) ,b\le's "w1 7 ! ri*ly-m\nt$ tables1 hav+ slabs ( ,egyptian porphyry1 or ,flor5t9e m>ble mosaic2 & m>quet]ie cab9ets1 ) beautiful m\nt+s ( ormolu1 or gilt bronze4 ,commodes & scre5s 7 ornam5t$ ) ,*9ese lacqu]1 :i* _h be5 import$ by ! ,dut* & tak5 to ,p>is1 aft] ! ,fr5* invasion ( ! ,ne!rl&s4 ,illu/ration3 ,panel = a ,scre54 ,pa9t$ by ,watteau4 ,l\is ,,xiv4 ,p]iod4 ,ab\t ?is "t--t is1 t[>ds ! end ( ! sev5te5? c5tury--! res\rces ( design]s & mak]s ( decorative furniture 7 re9=c$ by ! introduction ( glass 9 l>g] plates ?an _h be5 possible previ\sly4 ,mirrors ( consid]able size 7 fir/ made 9 ,v5ice2 ^! 7 engrav$ ) figures & scrolls1 & m\nt$ 9 ri*ly c>v$ & gilt wood frames2 & soon aft]w>ds manufactories ( mirrors1 & ( glass1 9 l>g] plates ?an be=e1 7 set up 9 ,engl&1 ne> ,batt]sea1 & 9 ,france at ,t\r la ,ville1 ne> ,p>is4 ,?is novelty n only gave a new dep>ture to ! design ( suitable frames 9 c>v$ wood 7g5]ally gilt71 b also to t ( ,b\le "w & m>quet]ie4 ,x also l$ to a great] v>iety ( ! design = cab9ets2 & f ?is "t we may date ! fir/ appe>ance ( ! ,vitr9e1 or cab9et ) glass panels 9 ! doors & sides1 = ! display ( small] objets d'art4 ,illu/ration3 ,decoration ( a ,salon 9 ,l\is ,,xiv4 ,/yle4 ,! *airs & s(as ( ! latt] half ( ! reign ( ,l\is ,quatorze are exce$+ly gr& & ri*4 ,! suite ( furniture = ! /ate ap>tm5t ( a pr9ce or weal?y nobleman compris$ a canap1 or s(a1 & six fauteils1 or arm *airs1 ! frames c>v$ ) mu* _s1 or ) feel+1 z x is te*nically t]m$1 & ri*ly gilt4 ,! backs & seats 7 uphol/]$ & cov]$ ) ! already fam\s tape/ry ( ,gobel9s or ,beauvais4#ae ,su* a suite ( furniture1 9 bad condition & requir+ c>eful & v exp5sive re/oration1 0 sold at ,*ri/ie's "s "t ago = ab\t #a1djj1 & x is no exagg]ation to say t a really p]fect suite1 ) c>v+ & gild+ ( ! be/1 & ! tape/ry n too mu* worn1 if (f]$ = public competition1 w\ld probably realise betwe5 #c1jjj & #d1jjj4 ,9 ! app5dix w be f\nd ! names ( _m arti/s 9 furniture ( ?is "t1 & 9 ! ,jones ,collection we h sev]al v excell5t specim5s :i* c easily be ref]r$ to1 & comp>$ ) o!rs ( ! two succe$+ reigns1 ^: furniture we are n[ go+ to consid]4 ,z an example ( ! diff]5ce 9 bo? outl9e & detail :i* took place 9 design1 let ! read] notice ! =m ( ! ,l\is ,quatorze commode vignett$ = ! initial lett] ( ?is *apt]1 & !n turn to ! light] & m fanciful cab9ets ( some:at simil> %ape :i* w be f\nd illu/rat$ 9 ! ,l\is ,qu9ze section :i* foll[s ?is4 ,9 ! ,l\is ,quatorze cab9ets ! decorative effect1 s f> z ! woodwork 0 conc]n$1 0 obta9$ fir/ by ! c>eful *oice ( suitable v5e]s1 & !n1 by jo9+ f\r pieces 9 a panel1 s t ! natural figure ( ! wood runs f ! c5tre1 & !n a b&+ ( a d>k] wood =ms a frame4 ,an in/ance ( ?is w also be f\nd 9 ! above-m5tion$ illu/ration4 ,l\is ,,xv4 ,:5 ! old ,k+ di$1 at ! ripe age ( #gg1 ! cr[n devolv$ on 8 great-gr&son1 !n a *ild five ye>s old1 & !re=e a ,reg5cy became necess>y2 & ?is p]iod ( "s eight ye>s1 until ! dea? ( ,philip1 ,duke ( ,orleans1 9 #agbc1 :5 ! ,k+ 0 decl>$ to h atta9$ 8 majority at ! age ( #ac1 is kn[n z ,l',epo* de la ,reg5ce1 & is a l&m>k 9 ! hi/ory ( furniture4 ,illu/ration3 ,b\le ,commode1 ,probably made dur+ ! p]iod ( ! ,reg5cy 7,muse du ,l\vre47 ,!re 0 a great *ange ab\t ?is p]iod ( ,fr5* hi/ory 9 ! social condition ( ! upp] classes 9 ,france4 ,! pomp & extravagance ( ! late mon>* _h empti$ ! c(f]s ( ! noblesse1 & 9 ord] to recruit _! f9ances1 m>riages became common :i* a decade or two be=e t "t w\ld h>dly h be5 ?\ght possible4 ,nobles ( anci5t l9eage m>ri$ ! daught]s ( bank]s & speculators1 9 ord] to supply !mselves ) ! means ( foll[+ ! extravagant fa%ions ( ! day1 & we f9d ! wives ( m9i/]s ( dep>tm5ts ( ,/ate us+ _! influ5ce & p[] = ! purpose ( mak+ money by gambl+ 9 /ocks1 & accept+ bribes = concessions & contracts4 ,illu/ration3 ,fr5* ,s$an ,*air4 7,f an ,engrav+ 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,art ,libr>y47 ,p]iod3 ,l\is ,,xv4 ,x 0 a "t ( corruption1 extravagance1 lic5ti\sness1 & intrigue1 & al?\gh "o might ask :at be>+ ?is has ^u ! hi/ory ( furniture1 a little reflection %[s t ! ab&onm5t ( ! great ,/ate receptions ( ! late ,k+1 & ! pomp\s & gorge\s ent]ta9m5ts ( 8 "t1 gave way to a /ate ( society 9 :i* ! b\doir became ( f> m importance ?an ! salon1 9 ! arti/ic furni%+ ( a fa%ionable h\se4 ,in/ead ( ! maje/ic gr&eur ( imm5se reception rooms & /ately gall]ies1 we h ! elegance & prett9ess ( ! b\doir2 & z ! reign ( ! "y ,k+ advances1 we f9d ! /ructural enri*m5t ( rooms m free1 & busy ) r$undant ornam5t2 ! curv$ endive decoration1 s common 9 c>v$ woodwork & 9 composition ( ?is p]iod1 is se5 ev]y:]e2 9 ! ar*itraves1 9 ! panel m\ld+s1 9 ! frame ( an ov]door1 9 ! design ( a mirror frame2 doves1 wrea?s1 ,arcadian f\nta9s1 fl[+ scrolls1 ,cupids1 & heads & bu/s ( wom5 t]m9at+ 9 foliage1 are c>v$ or m\ld$ 9 relief1 on ! walls1 ! doors1 & ! alcov$ recesses ( ! reception rooms1 ei!r gild$ or pa9t$ :ite2 & pictures by ,watteau1 ,lancret1 or ,b\*]1 & _! s*ools1 are appropriate accompanim5ts4#af ,illu/ration3 ,"p ( a ,salon1 ,decorat$ 9 ! ,l\is ,qu9ze /yle1 %[+ ! c>v$ & gilt ,console ,table & ,mirror1 ) o!r enri*m5ts1 en suite4 ,! furniture 0 made to agree ) ?is decorative treatm5t3 c\*es & easy *airs 7 design$ 9 m sweep+ curves & on a small] scale1 ! woodwork :olly or p>tially gilt & uphol/]$1 n only ) ! tape/ry ( ,gobel9s or ,beauvais1 b ) s(t color$ silk brocades & brocatelles2 light occasional *airs 7 enri*$ ) "m-(-pe>l or m>quet]ie2 scre5s 7 pa9t$ ) love sc5es & repres5tations ( ladies & g5tlem5 :o look z if !y pass$ _! entire exi/5ce 9 ! elaboration ( _! toilettes or ! ex*ange ( complim5ts2 ! /ately cab9et is modifi$ into ! bomb front$ commode1 ! ends ( :i* curve outw>ds ) a graceful sweep2 & ! bureau is made 9 a mu* small] size1 m highly decorat$ ) m>quet]ie1 & m fancifully m\nt$ to suit ! small] & m effem9ate ap>tm5t4 ,! small] & m elegant cab9ets1 call$ ,bonheur du j\r 7a little cab9et m\nt$ on a table72 ! small r\nd occasional table1 call$ a gu]idon2 ! encoignure1 or corn] cab9et2 ! tagre1 or ornam5tal hang+ cab9et1 ) %elves2 ! ?ree-fold scre51 ) ea* leaf a diff]5t height1 & ) %ap$ top1 all date f ?is "t4 ,! *aise porteur1 or ,s$an *air1 on :i* s mu* "w & ta/e 7 exp5d$1 became m ornate1 s z to fall 9 ) ! prevail+ fa%ion4 ,m>quet]ie became m fanciful4 ,illu/ration3 ,console ,table1 ,c>v$ & ,gilt4 7,collection ( ,m4 ,d\ble1 ,p>is47 ,! ,l\is ,qu9ze cab9ets 7 inlaid1 n only ) natural woods1 b ) v5e]s /a9$ 9 diff]5t t9ts2 & l&scapes1 int]iors1 baskets ( fl[]s1 birds1 trophies1 emblems ( all k9ds1 & qua9t fanciful conceits are press$ into ! s]vice ( m>quet]ie decoration4 ,! mo/ fam\s arti/s 9 ?is decorative woodwork 7 ,ries5]1 ,david ,ro5tg5 7g5]ally spok5 ( z ,david71 ,pasqui]4 ,c>l91 ,leleu1 & o!rs1 ^: names w be f\nd 9 a li/ 9 ! app5dix4 ,illu/ration3 ,l\is ,,xv4 ,c>v$ ,& ,gilt ,fauteui4 ,uphol/]$ ) ,beauvais tape/ry4 ,subject f ,la ,fonta9e's ,fables4 ,dur+ ! prec$+ reign ! ,*9ese lacqu] w>e !n 9 use 0 import$ f ! ,ea/1 ! fa%ion = collect+ :i* _h gr[n ev] s9ce ! ,dut* _h e/abli%$ a trade ) ,*9a3 & subsequ5tly z ! dem& arose = small] pieces ( meubles de luxe1 collectors _h ^! articles tak5 to pieces1 & ! slabs ( lacqu] m\nt$ 9 panels to decorate ! table1 or cab9et1 & to display ! lacqu]4 b5i/s1 too1 prep>$ su* p>ts ( woodwork z 7 desir$ to be ornam5t$ 9 ?is mann]1 & s5t !m to ,*9a to be coat$ ) lacqu]1 a process :i* 0 !n only kn[n to ! ,*9ese2 b ?is delay & exp5se quick5$ ! inv5tive g5ius ( ! ,european1 & x 0 f\nd t a prep>ation ( gum & o!r +r$i5ts appli$ aga9 & aga91 & ea* "t c>efully rubb$ d[n1 produc$ a surface :i* 0 almo/ z lu/r\s & suitable = decoration z ! orig9al article4 ,a ,dut*man nam$ ,huyg5s 0 ! fir/ successful inv5tor ( ?is prep>ation2 &1 ow+ to ! adroitness ( 8 "w1 & ( ^? :o foll[$ him & improv$ 8 process1 "o c only detect ,european lacqu] f ,*9ese by trifl+ details 9 ! co/umes & foliage ( decoration1 n /rictly ,ori5tal 9 "*4 ,illu/ration3 ,commode4 ,) ,panels ( f9e old ,laqu] & ,m\nt+s by ,caffi]i4 ,jones ,collection1 ,s4 ,k5s+ton ,museum4 ,p]iod ( ,l\is ,,xv4 ,ab\t #agdj-d ! ,m>t9 family _h ?ree manufactories ( ?is peculi> & fa%ionable w>e1 :i* became kn[n z ,v]nis-,m>t91 or ,m>t9s' ,v>ni%2 & x is s+ul> t "o ( ^! 0 9 ! di/rict ( ,p>is !n & n[ kn[n z ,faub\rg ,sa9t ,m>t94 ,by a special decree a monopoly 0 grant$ 9 #agdd to ,sieur ,simon ,eti5ne ,m>t9 ! y\ng]1 ,to manufacture all sorts ( "w 9 relief & 9 ! /yle ( ,japan & ,*9a4 ,?is 0 to la/ = tw5ty ye>s2 & we %all see t 9 ! latt] "p ( ! reign ( ,l\is ,,xv41 & 9 t ( 8 successor1 ! decoration 0 n conf9$ to ! imitation ( ,*9ese & ,japanese subjects1 b ! surface 0 pa9t$ 9 ! /yle ( ! decorative arti/ ( ! day1 bo? 9 mono*rome & 9 natural col\rs2 su* subjects z ,cupid ,awak5+ ,v5us1 ,! ,triumph ( ,galatea1 ,nymphs & ,goddesses1 ,g>d5 ,sc5es1 & ,ftes ,*amptres1 be+ repres5t$ 9 accordance ) ! ta/e ( ! p]iod4 ,x may be rem>k$ 9 pass+1 t lacqu] "w 0 also made previ\s to ?is "t 9 ,engl&4 ,sev]al cab9ets ( ,old ,engli% lac are includ$ 9 ! ,/rawb]ry ,hill sale catalogue2 & !y 7 ri*ly m\nt$ ) ormolu1 9 ! ,fr5* /yle2 ?is sale took place 9 #ahdb4 ,george ,rob9s1 s well kn[n = 8 fl[]y descriptions1 0 ! auctione]2 ! introduction to ! catalogue 0 writt5 by ,h>rison ,a9swor?4 ,illu/ration3 ,9 ,p>quet]ie ) massive ,m\nt+s ( ,gilt ,bronze1 probably by ,caffi]i1 7,=m]ly 9 ! ,hamilton ,palace ,collection4 ,pur*as$ 7,we/heims71 #f1bdg ,,ics47 ,l\is ,,xv4 ,p]iod4 ,! gilt bronze m\nt+s ( ! furniture became less massive & mu* m elaborate3 ! curl$ endive ornam5t 0 v mu* 9 vogue2 ! acan?us foliage foll[$ ! curves ( ! commode2 bu/s & heads ( wom51 cupids1 satyrs t]m9at+ 9 foliage1 suit$ ! design & decoration ( ! m fanciful %apes2 & ,caffi]i1 :o is ! great ma/] ( ?is beautiful & highly ornate enri*m5t1 introduc$ ,*9ese figures & dragons into 8 designs4 ,! am\nt ( _s imp>t$ into ! *as+ ( ?is ormolu is simply m>vell\s--x has nev] be5 equall$ & c\ld n be excell$4 ,"t has n[ mell[$ ! col\r ( ! woodwork x adorns2 & ! t9t ( ! gold ) :i* x is ov]laid1 improv$ by ! lights & %ad[s caus$ by ! high relief ( ! "w & ! consequ5t d>k5+ ( ! p>ts m depress$ :ile ! m prom95t ornam5ts h be5 rubb$ bright f "t to "t1 produces an effect :i* is exce$+ly elegant & ri*4 ,"o _c wond] t connoisseurs are prep>$ to pay su* l>ge sums = g5u9e specim5s1 or t clev] imitations are exce$+ly co/ly to produce4 ,illu/rations are giv5 f "s ( ! m notable examples ( decorative furniture ( ?is p]iod1 :i* 7 sold 9 #ahhb at ! celebrat$ ,hamilton ,palace sale1 toge!r ) ! sums !y realis$3 also ( specim5s 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum 9 ! ,jones ,collection4 ,we mu/ also rememb]1 9 consid]+ ! meubles de luxe ( ?is "t1 t 9 #agec ,l\is ,,xv4 _h made ! ,svres ,porcela9 ,manufactory a ,/ate ent]prise2 & lat]1 z t celebrat$ und]tak+ progress$1 tables & cab9ets 7 ornam5t$ ) plaques ( ! beautiful & *oice pte t5dre1 ! delicacy ( :i* 0 admirably adapt$ to enri* ! light & frivol\s furni%+ ( ! da9ty b\doir ( a ,madame du ,b>ri or a ,madame ,pompad\r4 ,ano!r fam\s arti/ 9 ! delicate bronze m\nt+s ( ! day 0 ,pi]re ,g\?ire4 ,he comm5c$ "w "s ye>s lat] ?an ,caffi]i1 be+ born 9 #agdj2 &1 l 8 s5ior fell[ craftsman1 did n conf9e 8 att5tion to furniture1 b ex]cis$ 8 f]tility ( design1 & 8 passion = detail1 9 m\nt+ b[ls & vases ( jasp]1 ( ,svres & ( ,ori5tal porcela94 ,! "* ( 8 "w is less =cible ?an t ( ,caffi]i1 & comes ne>] to :at we %all pres5tly recognise z ! ,l\is ,seize1 or ,m>ie ,anto9ette /yle1 to :i* p]iod 8 "w m prop]ly belongs3 9 c>eful f9i% ( m9ute details1 x m resembles ! f9e goldsmi?'s "w ( ! ,r5aissance4 ,illu/ration3 ,bureau ,du ,roi4 ,made = ,l\is ,,xv4 by ,ries5]4 7,collection ( ,mobili] ,national47 7,f a p5 & ink draw+ by ,h4 ,evans47 ,p]iod3 ,l\is ,,xv4 ,g\?ire 0 employ$ ext5sively by ,madame du ,b>ri2 & at h] execution1 9 #agic1 he lo/ ! enorm\s balance ( #gef1jjj francs :i* 0 due to him1 b :i* debt ! ,/ate repudiat$1 & ! un=tunate man di$ 9 extreme pov]ty1 ! inmate ( an alm%\se4 ,! designs ( ! celebrat$ tape/ry ( ,gobel9s & ( ,beauvais1 us$ = ! cov]+ ( ! f9e/ furniture ( ?is "t1 also und]w5t a *ange2 &1 in/ead ( ! repres5tation ( ! *ase1 ) a bold & vigor\s r5d]+1 we f9d %eph]ds & %eph]desses1 nymphs & satyrs1 ! illu/rations ( ,la ,fonta9e's fables1 or r5d]+s ( ,b\*]'s pictures4 ,)\t d\bt1 ! mo/ important example ( meubles de luxe ( ?is reign is ! fam\s ,bureau du ,roi1 made = ,l\is ,,xv4 9 #agfi1 & :i* appe>s fully describ$ 9 ! inv5tory ( ! ,g>de ,meuble 9 ! ye> #agge1 "u ,no4 #beda4 ,?is description is v m9ute1 & is fully quot$ by ,m4 ,williamson 9 8 valuable "w1 ,les ,meubles d',art du ,mobili] ,national1 & occupies no less ?an ?irty-sev5 l9es ( pr9t$ matt]4 ,its size is five-&-a-half feet long & ?ree feet deep2 ! l9es are ! p]fection ( grace & symmetry2 ! m>quet]ie is 9 ,riesn]'s be/ mann]2 ! m\nt+s are magnific5t--recl9+ figures1 foliage1 laurel wrea?s1 & swags1 *as$ ) r>e skill2 ! back ( ?is fam\s bureau is z fully decorat$ z ! front3 x is sign$ ,ries5]1 f4e41 #agfi1 l'ars5al de ,p>is4 ,ries5] is said to h receiv$ ! ord] = ?is bureau f ! ,k+ 9 #agfg1 ^u ! occasion ( ! m>riage ( ?is fav\rite ,c\rt b5i/e ) ! wid[ ( 8 =m] ma/] ,oeb54 ,its production !re=e w\ld seem to h tak5 ab\t two ye>s4 ,?is celebrat$ *ef d'oeuvre 0 9 ! ,tuil]ies 9 #ahjg1 & 0 includ$ 9 ! inv5tory f\nd 9 ! cab9et ( ,napoleon ,i4 ,x 0 mov$ by ,napoleon ,,iii4 to ! ,palace ( ,/4 ,cl\d1 & only sav$ f capture by ! ,g]mans by its removal to its pres5t home 9 ! ,l\vre1 9 ,augu/1 #ahgj4 ,x is said t x w\ld probably realise1 if (f]$ = sale1 betwe5 fifte5 & tw5ty ?\s& p\nds4 ,a full-page illu/ration ( ?is fam\s piece ( furniture is giv54 ,a simil> bureau is 9 ! ,h]t=d 7,wallace7 collection1 :i* 0 made to ! ord] ( ,/anilaus1 ,k+ ( ,pol&2 a copy execut$ by ,zwi5]1 a v clev] b5i/e ( ! pres5t day 9 ,p>is1 at a co/ ( "s ?ree ?\s& p\nds1 is 9 ! same collection4 ,l\is ,,xvi4 & ,m>ie ,anto9ette4 ,illu/ration3 ,b\doir ,furni%$ 9 ! ,ta/e ( ! ,l\is ,,xvi4 ,p]iod4 ,x is probable t = "s little "t previ\s to ! dea? ( ,l\is ,,xv41 ! influ5ce ( ! beautiful daught] ( ,m>ia ,!resa on ! fa%ions ( ! day 0 manife/$ 9 furniture & its accessories4 ,we "k t ,m>ie ,anto9ette dislik$ ! pomp & c]emony ( ,c\rt functions1 & pref]r$ a simpl] way ( liv+ at ! fav\rite f>m h\se :i* 0 giv5 to h] husb& z a resid5ce on 8 m>riage1 f\r ye>s be=e 8 accession to ! ?rone2 & "h %e delight$ to mix ) ! b\rgeoise on ! t]race at ,v]sailles1 or1 donn+ a simple dress ( :ite musl91 w\ld busy h]self 9 ! g>d5 or dairy4 ,!re 01 d\btless1 some?+ ( ! affectation ( a woman spoil$ by admiration1 9 ?us play+ ! ru/ic2 /ill1 "o c und]/& t ! be/ ,fr5* society1 we>y ( ! dom9ation ( ! late ,k+'s mi/resses1 ) _! intrigues1 _! extravagances1 & _! creatures1 look$ =w>d1 at ! dea? ( ,l\is1 ) hope & anticipation to ! accession ( 8 gr&son & ! beautiful "y que54 ,illu/ration3 ,"p ( a ,salon4 ,decorat$ & furni%$ 9 ! ,l\is ,,xvi4 ,/yle4 ,gradually1 "u ! new regime1 ar*itecture became m simple2 brok5 scrolls are replac$ by /raight l9es1 curves & ar*es only occur :5 ju/ifiable1 & columns & pila/]s reappe> 9 ! ornam5tal faades ( public build+s4 ,int]ior decoration necess>ily foll[$ suit2 in/ead ( ! curl$ endive scrolls enclos+ ! irregul> panel1 & ! sup]abundant foliage 9 ornam5t1 we h rectangul> panels =m$ by simpl] m\ld+s1 ) brok5 corn]s1 hav+ a pat]a or rosette 9 ea*1 & betwe5 ! upright panels !re is a pila/] ( ref9$ ,r5aissance design4 ,9 ! oval m$allions support$ by cupids1 is f\nd a dome/ic sc5e by a ,fragon>d or a ,*>d92 & ! portraits ( innoc5t *ildr5 by ,greuze replace ! c\rt+ %eph]ds & my?ological goddesses ( ,b\*] & ,lancret4 ,sculpture1 too1 becomes m ref9$ & decor\s 9 its repres5tations4 ,z ) ar*itecture1 decoration1 pa9t+1 & sculpture1 s also ) furniture4 ,! designs became m simple1 b 7 reliev$ f sev]ity by ! am\nt ( ornam5t1 :i*1 except 9 "s cases :]e x is ov]-elaborate1 0 prop]ly subord9ate to ! design & did n control x4 ,mr4 ,hung]=d ,poll5 attributes ?is revival ( classic ta/e to ! discov]ies ( anci5t treasures 9 ,h]culaneum & ,pompeii1 b z ^! occurr$ 9 ! =m] city s long be=e ! "t we are discuss+ z ! ye> #agaa1 & 9 ! latt] 9 #agej1 ^! c sc>cely be ! imm$iate cause2 ! reason mo/ probably is t a rev]sion to simpl] & pur] l9es came z a relief & reaction f ! ov]-ornam5tation ( ! previ\s p]iod4 ,!re are n want+1 h[ev]1 9 "s ( ! decorat$ ornam5ts ( ! "t1 di/9ct signs ( ! influ5ce ( ^! discov]ies4 ,draw+s & reproductions f frescoes1 f\nd 9 ^! old ,italian cities1 7 9 ! possession ( ! draughtsm5 & design]s ( ! "t2 & an in/ance 9 po9t ( _! adaptation is to be se5 9 ! small b\doir ( ! ,m>quise de ,s]illy1 "o ( ! maids ( hon\r to ,m>ie ,anto9ette4 ,! decorative woodwork ( ?is b\doir is fitt$ up 9 ! ,k5s+ton ,museum4 ,a notable feature 9 ! ornam5t ( woodwork & 9 metal m\nt+s ( ?is "t1 is a flut$ pila/] ) quills or husks fill+ ! flut+s "s di/ance f ! base1 or />t+ f bo? base & top & leav+ an int]val ( ! holl[ flut+ pla9 & free4 ,an example ( ?is w be se5 9 ! next woodcut ( a cab9et 9 ! ,jones collection1 :i* has also ! famili> ,l\is ,seize rib& surm\nt+ ! two oval ,svres *9a plaques4 ,:5 ! flut+s are 9 oak1 9 ri* mahogany1 or pa9t$ :ite1 ^! husks are gilt1 & ! effect is *a/e & pleas+4 ,v>iation 0 introduc$ into ! gild+ ( frames by mix+ silv] ) "s portion ( ! gold s z to produce two t9ts1 r$ gold & gre5 gold2 ! latt] w\ld be us$ = wrea?s & accessories1 :ile ! =m]1 or ord9>y gild+1 0 appli$ to ! g5]al surface4 ,! legs ( tables are g5]ally flut$1 z notic$ above1 tap]+ t[>ds ! feet1 & are reliev$ f a /ilt$ appe>ance by be+ connect$ by a /ret*]4 ,illu/ration3 ,m>quet]ie ,cab9et4 ,) ,plaques ( ,svres ,*9a 7,9 ! ,jones ,collection1 ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum47 ,illu/ration3 ,writ+ ,table4 ,made by ,ries5] = ,m>ie ,anto9ette4 ,collection ,mobili] ,national4 7,f a-p5 & ink draw+ by ,h4 ,evans47 ,p]iod3 ,late ,l\is ,,xv4 ,!re occurs 9 ,m4 ,williamson's valuable contribution to ! lit]ature ( our subject 7,les ,meubles d',art du ,mobili] ,national17 an int]e/+ illu/ration ( ! gradual alt]ations :i* we are notic+ z hav+ tak5 place 9 ! design ( furniture4 ,?is is a small writ+ table1 "s #c ft4 #f 94 long1 made dur+ ! reign ( ,l\is ,,xv41 b q 9 ! ,m>ie ,anto9ette /yle1 ! legs tap]+ & flut$1 ! frieze hav+ 9 ! c5tre a plaque ( bronze dor1 ! subject be+ a gr\p ( cupids1 repres5t+ ! triumph ( ,poetry1 & on ea* side a scroll ) a head & foliage 7! only ornam5t *>act]i/ic ( ,l\is ,qu9ze /yle7 connect+ leg & frieze4 ,m4 ,williamson quotes v]batim ! memor&um ( :i* ?is 0 ! subject4 ,x 0 made = ! ,trianon & ! date is j "o ye> aft] ,m>ie ,anto9ette's m>riage3--,memoire des ouvrages faits et livrs1 p> les ordres de ,monsieur le ,*evali] de ,fontanieu1 p\r le g>de meuble du ,roy p> ,ries5]1 b5i/e a l'ars5al ,p>is1 savoir ,sept4 #ba1 #agga2 & !n foll[s a fully detail$ description ( ! table1 ) its price1 :i* 0 #f1jjj francs1 or #bdj4 ,!re is a full page illu/ration ( ?is table4 ,! mak] ( ?is piece ( furniture 0 ! same ,ries5] ^: ma/]piece is ! magnific5t ,bureau du ,roi :i* we h already allud$ to 9 ! ,l\vre4 ,?is celebrat$ b5i/e cont9u$ to "w = ,m>ie ,anto9ette = ab\t tw5ty ye>s1 until %e quitt$ ,v]sailles1 & he probably liv$ q to ! end ( ! c5tury1 = dur+ ! ,revolution we f9d t he s]v$ on ! ,special ,commission appo9t$ by ! ,national ,conv5tion to decide :i* works ( ,art %\ld be reta9$ & :i* %\ld be sold1 out ( ! mass ( treasure confiscat$ aft] ! deposition & execution ( ! ,k+4 ,ries5]'s designs d n %[ mu* f]tility1 b 8 "w is highly f9i%$ & elaborate4 ,8 me?od 0 g5]ally to make ! c5tre panel ( a commode front1 or ! frieze ( a table1 a t\r de =ce1 ! m>quet]ie picture be+ wond]fully delicate4 ,! subject 0 g5]ally a vase ) fruits & fl[]s2 ! surface ( ! side panels inlaid ) diamond-%ap$ loz5ges1 or a small diap] patt]n 9 m>quet]ie2 & !n a framework ( ri* ormolu w\ld sep>ate ! panels4 ,! c5tre panel _h sometimes a ri*] frame4 ,8 fam\s commode1 made = ! ,*teau ( ,fonta9ebleau1 :i* co/ a million francs 7#d1jjj7--;an enorm\s sum 9 ^? days--is "o ( 8 *efs d'oeuvre1 & ?is is an excell5t example ( 8 /yle4 ,a simil> commode 0 sold 9 ! ,hamilton ,palace sale = #d1cje4 ,an upright secretaire1 en suite ) ! commode1 0 also sold at ! same "t = #d1fbj1 & ! writ+ table = #f1jjj4 ,an illu/ration ( ! latt] is on ! foll[+ page1 b ! details ( ?is elaborate gem ( cab9et mak]'s "w1 & ( ,g\?ire's skill 9 m\nt+1 are impossible to reproduce 9 a woodcut4 ,x is describ$ z foll[s 9 ,*ri/ie's catalogue3-- ,lot #cjc4 ,an oblong writ+ table1 en suite1 ) draw] fitt$ ) ink/&1 writ+ slide & %elf b5ea?2 an oval m$allion ( a trophy & fl[]s on ! top1 & trophies ) f\r m$allions r\nd ! sides3 /amp$ ,t4 ,ries5] & br&$ und]nea? ) cyph] ( ,m>ie ,anto9ette1 & ,g>de ,meuble de la ,re9e4 ,!re is no date on ! table1 b ! secretaire is /amp$ #agij1 & ! commode #agia4 ,if we assume t ! table 0 produc$ 9 #agib1 ^! ?ree specim5s1 :i* h always be5 reg>d$ z among/ ! mo/ beautiful "w ( ! reign1 7 almo/ ! la/ :i* ! un=tunate ,que5 liv$ to see complet$4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,m>ie ,anto9ette ,writ+ ,table4 7,=m]ly 9 ! ,hamilton ,palace ,collection47 ,illu/ration3 ,b$/ead ( ,m>ie ,anto9ette1 ,f ,fonta9ebleau4 ,collection ,mobili] ,national4 7,f a p5 & ink draw+ by ,h4 ,evans47 ,p]iod3 ,l\is ,,xvi4 ,! f9e "w ( ,ries5] requir$ ! m\nt+ ( an arti/ ( q equal m]it1 & 9 ,g\?ire he 0 mo/ =tunate4 ,!re is a fam\s clock case 9 ! ,h]t=d collection1 fully sign$ ,g\?ire1 ciseleur et doreur du roi ,p>is ,quai ,pelleti]1 la ,b\cle d'or1 #agga4 ,he work$1 h[ev]1 *iefly 9 conjunction ) ,ries5] & ,david ,ro5tg5 = ! decoration ( _! m>quet]ie4 ,9 ! ,l\vre are "s beautiful examples ( ?is co-op]ative "w2 & also ( cab9ets 9 :i* plaques ( v f9e black & gold lacqu] take ! place ( m>quet]ie2 ! c5tre panel be+ a f9ely *as$ oval m$allion ( ,g\?ire's gilt bronze1 ) c>yatides figures ( ! same mat]ial at ! ends support+ ! cornice4 ,illu/ration3 ,cyl9d] ,secretaire1 ,9 ,m>quet]ie1 ) ,bronze ,gilt ,m\nt+s1 by ,g\?ire4 7,mr4 ,alfr$ de ,ro?s*ild's ,collection47 ,p]iod3 ,l\is ,,xvi4 ,a specim5 ( ?is k9d ( "w 7an upright secretaire1 ( :i* we h n be5 able to obta9 a satisfactory repres5tation7 =m$ "p ( ! ,hamilton ,palace collection1 & realis$ #i1dej1 ! highe/ price :i* ! writ] has ev] se5 a s+le piece ( furniture br+ by auction2 x mu/ be reg>d$ z ! *ef d'oeuvre ( ,g\?ire4 ,9 ! ,jones ,collection1 at ,s\? ,k5s+ton1 !re are also sev]al *>m+ examples ( ,l\is ,seize meubles de luxe4 ,"s ( ^! are enri*$ ) plaques ( ,svres porcela91 :i* treatm5t is bett] adapt$ to ! m jewel-l m\nt+ ( ?is "t ?an to ! rococo /yle 9 vogue dur+ ! prec$+ reign4 ,illu/ration3 ,arm ,*air ,9 ,l\is ,,xvi4 ,/yle4 ,! uphol/]$ furniture became simpl] 9 design2 ! s(as & *airs h g5]ally1 b n inv>iably1 /raight flut$ tap]+ legs1 b ^! sometimes h ! flut+s spiral in/ead ( p]p5dicul>1 & ! backs are ei!r oval or rectangul>1 & ornam5t$ ) a c>v$ rib& :i* is repres5t$ z ti$ at ! top 9 a lov]'s knot4 ,gobel9s1 ,beauvais1 & ,aubusson tape/ry are us$ = cov]+1 ! subjects be+ 9 h>mony ) ! ta/e ( ! "t4 ,a s(a 9 ?is /yle1 ) settees at ! ends1 ! frame elaborately c>v$ ) trophies ( arr[s & fl[]s 9 high relief1 & cov]$ ) f9e old ,gobel9s tape/ry1 0 sold at ! ,hamilton ,palace sale = #a1agf4 ,?is 0 =m]ly at ,v]sailles4 ,beautiful silks & brocades 7 also ext5sively us$ bo? = *airs & = ! scre5s1 :i* at ?is p]iod 7 v>i$ 9 design & extremely pretty4 ,small two-ti] tables ( tulip wood ) delicate m\nt+s 7 q ! rage1 & small occasional pieces1 ! legs ( :i*1 l ^? ( ! *airs1 are occasionally curv$4 ,an excell5t example ( a piece ) cabriole legs is ! *>m+ little ,m>ie ,anto9ette cyl9d]-front$ m>quet]ie escritoire 9 ! ,jones ,collection 7illu/rat$ bel[74 ,! m>quet]ie is attribut$ to ,ries5]1 b1 f its treatm5t be+ s diff]5t f t :i* he adopt$ z an almo/ inv>iable rule1 x is m probably ! "w ( ,david4 ,illu/ration3 ,c>v$ & ,gilt ,causeuse or ,settee1 & ,fauteuil or ,arm ,*air1 ,cov]$ ) ,beauvais tape/ry4 7,collection ,mobili] ,national47 7,f a p5 & ink draw+ by ,h4 ,evans47 ,p]iod3 ,end ( ,l\is ,,xvi4 ,illu/ration3 ,c>v$ & ,gilt ,canap or ,s(a4 ,cov]$ ) ,beauvais tape/ry4 7,colection ,mobili] ,natioanal47 ,p]iod3 ,end ( ,l\is ,,xvi4 ,ano!r f9e specim5 illu/rat$ on page #agj is ! small cab9et made ( k+wood1 ) f9e ormolu m\nts1 & "s beautiful ,svres plaques4 ,illu/ration3 ,m>quet]ie ,escritoire4 ,by ,davis1 said to h belong$ to ,m>ie ,anto9ette4 7,jones ,collection1 ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum47 ,! influ5ce ex]cis$ by ! spl5d\r ( ! ,c\rt ( ,l\is ,quatorze1 & by ! br++ toge!r ( arti/s & skill$ h&icraftsm5 = ! adornm5t ( ! palaces ( ,france1 :i* we h se5 took place dur+ ! latt] half ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 0 n )\t its effect ^u ! ,indu/rial ,arts ( o!r c\ntries4 ,macaulay m5tions ! bales ( tape/ry & o!r accessories :i* 7 s5t to ,holl& to fit up ! camp qu>t]s ( ,l\is le ,gr& :5 he w5t !re to take ! comm& ( 8 army aga9/ ,william ,,iii41 & he also tells u ( ! sumptu\s furni%+ ( ! ap>tm5ts at ,/4 ,g]ma9s :5 ,james ,,ii41 dur+ 8 exile1 0 ! gue/ ( ,l\is4 ,! gr&eur ( ! ,fr5* ,k+ impress$ itself ^u 8 contempor>ies1 & w> ) ,g]many1 z well z ) ,holl& & ,engl&1 help$ to spread ?is influ5ce4 ,we h notic$ h[ ,wr5 design$ ! additions to ,hampton ,c\rt ,palace 9 imitation ( ,v]sailles2 & 9 ! *apt] :i* foll[s ?is1 x w be se5 t ! designs ( ,*ipp5dale 7 really reproductions ( ,fr5* furniture ( ! "t ( ,l\is ,qu9ze4 ,! ,k+ ( ,sw$51 ,*>les ,,xii41 ! ,madman ( ! ,nor?1 z he 0 call$1 imitat$ 8 great ,fr5* contempor>y1 & 9 ! ,palace at ,/ockholm !re are /ill to be se5 traces ( ! ,l\is ,quatorze /yle 9 decoration & 9 furniture2 su* adornm5ts are out ( keep+ ) ! simplicity ( ! habits ( ! pres5t ,royal family ( ,sw$54 ,a ,b\rbon ,pr9ce1 too1 succe$$ to ! ?rone ( ,spa9 9 #agjj1 & !re are /ill 9 ! palaces & picture gall]ies ( ,madrid "s f9e specim5s ( ,fr5* furniture ( ! ?ree reigns :i* h j be5 discuss$4 ,x may be tak51 !re=e1 t f ! latt] "p ( ! sev5te5? c5tury ! dom9ant influ5ce ^u ! design ( decorative furniture 0 ( ,fr5* orig94 ,!re is evid5ce ( ?is 9 a great _m examples ( ! "w ( ,flemi%1 ,g]man1 ,engli%1 & ,spani% cab9et mak]s1 & !re are "o or two :i* may be easily ref]r$ to :i* x is wor? :ile to m5tion4 ,"o ( ^! is a corn] cupbo>d ( rosewood1 inlaid ) engrav$ silv]1 "p ( ! design be+ a %ield ) ! arms ( an ,elector ( ,cologne2 !re is also a pair ( some:at simil> cab9ets f ! ,bi%op's ,palace at ,salzburg4 ,^! are ( ,g]man "w1 e>ly eighte5? c5tury1 & h evid5tly be5 design$ aft] ,b\le's productions4 ,! %ape & ! gilt m\nts ( a secretaire ( walnutwood ) inlay ( ebony & ivory1 & "s o!r furniture :i*1 ) ! o!r specim5s j describ$1 may be se5 9 ! ,be?nal ,gre5 ,museum1 all manife/ ! influ5ce ( ! ,fr5* s*ool1 :5 ! bombe-front$ commodes & curv$ l9es ( *air & table came into fa%ion4 ,hav+ describ$ some:at 9 detail ! /yles :i* prevail$ & "s ( ! *anges :i* occurr$ 9 ,france1 f ! "t ( ,l\is ,,xiv4 until ! ,revolution1 x is unnecess>y = ! purposes ( ?is sket*1 to d m ?an briefly ref] to ! "w ( ^? c\ntries :i* may be said to h adopt$1 to a great] or less ext5t1 ,fr5* designs4 ,= reasons already /at$1 an exception is made 9 ! case ( our own c\ntry2 & ! foll[+ *apt] w be devot$ to ! furniture ( "s ( ! ,engli% design]s & mak]s ( ! latt] half ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,( ,italy x may be obs]v$ g5]ally t ! ,r5aissance ( ,raffaele1 ,leon>do da ,v9ci1 & ,mi*ael ,angelo1 :i* we h se5 became deg5]ate t[>ds ! end ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 relaps$ /ill fur!r dur+ ! p]iod :i* we h be5 discuss+1 & al?\gh ! fre$om & grace ( ! ,italian c>v+1 & ! elaboration ( inlaid arabesques1 mu/ always h "s m]it ( _! own1 ! "w ( ! sev5te5? & eighte5? c5turies 9 ,italy w comp>e v unfav\rably ) t ( ! e>li] p]iod ( ! ,r5aissance4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,norse ,int]ior1 ,%ew+ ,*airs ( ,dut* ,design4 ,p]iod3 ,late ,,xvii4 or ,e>ly ,,xviii4 ,c5tury4 ,!re are _m o!r museum specim5s :i* might be ref]r$ to to prove ! influ5ce ( ,fr5* design ( ! sev5te5? & subsequ5t c5turies on t ( o!r c\ntries4 ,! above illu/ration ( a ,norse int]ior %ews t ?is influ5ce p5etrat$ z f> z ,sc&9avia2 = :ile ! old-fa%ion$ box-l b$/eads :i* ! ,norwegians _h reta9$ f e>ly times1 & :i* 9 a rud] =m are /ill to be f\nd 9 ! cottages ( _m ,scotti% c\nties1 especially ( ^? :]e ! ,sc&9avian connection exi/$1 is a *>act]i/ic m>k ( ! c\ntry1 ! design ( ! two *airs is an evid5ce ( ! innovations :i* _h be5 made ^u native fa%ions4 ,^! *airs are 9 /yle ?or\ghly ,dut*1 ( ab\t ! end ( ! sev5te5? or e>ly 9 ! eighte5? c5tury2 ! cabriole legs & %ell ornam5ts 7 probably ! direct result ( ! influ5ce ( ! ,fr5* on ! ,dut*4 ,! woodcut is f a draw+ ( an old h\se 9 ,norwav4 ,illu/ration3 ,secretaire1 ,9 ,k+ & ,tulip ,wood1 ) ,svres ,plaques & ,ormolu ,m\nt+s4 ,p]iod3 ,e>ly ,l\is ,,xvi4 ,x w\ld be unfitt+ to close ?is *apt] on ,fr5* furniture )\t pay+ a tribute to ! munific5ce & public _s ( ,mr4 ,john ,jones1 ^: beque/ to ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum con/itutes 9 itself a repres5tative ,museum ( ?is class ( decorative furniture4 ,sev]al ( ! illu/rations 9 ?is *apt] h be5 tak5 f ?is collection4 ,9 money value alone1 ! collection ( furniture1 porcela91 bronzes1 & articles de v]t1 mo/ly ( ! p]iod embrac$ )9 ! limits ( ?is *apt]1 am\nts to ab\t #djj1jjj1 & exce$s ! value ( any beque/ ! nation has ev] _h4 ,p]haps ! ref]5ces conta9$ 9 ^! few pages to ! ,fr5* furniture ( ?is "t may /imulate ! int]e/ ( ! public 91 & its appreciation (1 ?is valuable national prop]ty4 ,illu/ration3 ,clock1 ,by ,rob91 9 ,m>quet]ie ,case1 ) ,m\nt+s ( ,gilt ,bronze1 7,jones ,collection4 ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum47 ,l\is ,,xvi4 ,p]iod4 ,soon aft] ?is g5]\s beque/ 0 plac$ 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum1 = ! b5efit ( ! public1 a lead+ article appe>$ 9 ! ,times1 f :i* ! foll[+ extract w v appropriately conclude ?is *apt]3--,z ! visitor passes by ! cases :]e ^! curi\s objects are display$1 he asks himself :at is to be said on behalf ( ! art ( :i* !y are su* notable examples4 ,tables1 *airs1 commodes1 secretaires1 w>drobes1 porcela9 vases1 m>ble /atuettes1 !y repres5t 9 a s+ul>ly complete way ! m9d & ! "w ( ! anci5 rgime4 ,l ,eis5's vignettes1 or ! contes ( innum]able /ory-tell]s1 !y br+ back to u ! grace1 ! luxury1 ! prett9ess1 ! frivolity ( t ,c\rt :i* believ$ itself1 till ! rude awak5+ came1 to conta9 all t 0 preci\s 9 ! life ( ,france4 ,a piece ( furniture l ! little ,svres-inlaid writ+ table ( ,m>ie ,anto9ette is1 to employ a figure ( ,balzac's1 a docum5t :i* reveals z mu* to ! social hi/orian z ! skeleton ( an i*?yosaurus reveals to ! palontologi/4 ,x sums up an epo*4 ,a :ole _w c be inf]r$ f x4 ,pretty1 elegant1 irrational1 & entirely useless1 ?is exquisite & co/ly toy might /& z a symbol = ! life :i* ! ,revolution swept away4 ,illu/ration3 ,h>psi*ord1 f ! ,p]man5t ,collection belong+ to ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum4 ,date3 ,ab\t #agej4 ,illu/ration3 ,italian ,s$an ,*air4 ,us$ at ! ,baptism ( ! ,gr& ,ducal ,family ( ,tuscany1 n[ 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum4 ,p]iod3 ,latt] ,half ( ,,xviii4 ,c5tury4 ,*apt] ,,vii4 ,*ipp5dale & 8 ,contempor>ies4 ,*9ese /yle--,sir ,william ,*amb]s--,! ,bro!rs ,adams' "w--,p]gelesi1 ,cipriani1 & ,angelica ,kauffmann--,ar*itects ( ! "t--,w$gwood & ,flaxman--,*ipp5dale's ,"w & 8 ,contempor>ies--,*air 9 ! ,b>b]s' ,hall--,lock1 ,%e>]1 ,hepple:ite1 ,ince1 ,mayhew1 ,%]aton--,introduction ( ,sat9wood & ,mahogany--,gill[s ( ,lanca/] & ,london--,hi/ory ( ! ,sidebo>d--,! ,d9+ ,room--,furniture ( ! "t4 ,soon aft] ! second half ( ! eighte5? c5tury _h set 91 dur+ ! latt] days ( ! second ,george1 & ! e>ly "p ( 8 successor's long reign1 !re is a di/9ct *ange 9 ! design ( ,engli% decorative furniture4 ,sir ,william ,*amb]s1 ,r4,a41 an ar*itect1 :o has left u ,som]set ,h\se z a la/+ monum5t ( 8 tal5t1 appe>s to h be5 ! fir/ to imp>t to ! int]ior decoration1 ( h\ses :at 0 t]m$ ! ,*9ese /yle1 aft] 8 visit to ,*9a1 ( :i* a notice 0 made 9 ! *apt] on ,ea/]n furniture3 & z he 0 consid]$ an oracle ( ta/e ab\t ?is "t1 8 influ5ce 0 v p[]ful4 ,*air backs consequ5tly h ! peculi> irregul> lattice "w :i* is se5 9 ! fretwork ( ,*9ese & ,japanese ornam5ts1 & ,pagodas1 ,*9am5 & mon/]s occur 9 8 designs = cab9ets4 ,! ov]mantel :i* _h hi!rto be5 design$ ) "s ar*itectural pret5sion1 n[ gave way to ! l>g] mirrors :i* 7 introduc$ by ! improv$ manufacture ( plate glass3 & ! *imney piece became l[]4 ,dur+ 8 travels 9 ,italy1 ,*amb]s _h f\nd "s ,italian sculptors1 & _h br\ght !m to ,engl&1 to c>ve 9 m>ble 8 designs2 !y 7 g5]ally ( a free ,italian "*1 ) scrolls ( foliage & figure ornam5ts3 b be+ ( /one in/ead ( woodwork1 w\ld sc>cely belong to our subject1 save to indicate ! *ange 9 fa%ion ( ! *imney piece1 ! vicissitudes ( :i* we h already notic$4 ,*imney pieces 7 n[ no long] specially design$ by ar*itects1 z "p ( ! int]ior fitt+s1 b 7 made & sold ) ! grates1 to suit ! ta/e ( ! pur*as]1 (t5 q irrespective ( ! rooms = :i* !y 7 int5d$4 ,x may be said t ,dignity gave way to ,elegance4 ,rob]t ,adam1 hav+ return$ f 8 travels 9 ,france & ,italy1 _h design$ & built1 9 conjunction ) 8 bro!r ,james1 ,adelphi ,t]race ab\t #agfi1 & subsequ5tly ,portl& ,place1 & o!r /reets & h\ses ( a l "*2 ! furniture be+ made1 "u ! direction ( ,rob]t1 to suit ! int]iors4 ,!re is mu* int]e/ atta*+ to ,no4 #be1 ,portl& ,place1 because ?is 0 ! h\se built1 decorat$ & furni%$ by ,rob]t ,adam = 8 own resid5ce1 &1 =tunately1 ! *ief reception rooms rema9 to %ew ! /yle !n 9 vogue4 ,! bro!rs ,adam introduc$ into ,engl& ! application ( composition ornam5ts to woodwork4 ,fe/oons ( drap]y1 wrea?s ( fl[]s caught up ) rams' heads1 or ( husks ti$ ) a knot ( rib&1 & oval pat]oe to m>k divisions 9 a frieze1 or to emphasize a break 9 ! design1 are ornam5ts *>act]i/ic ( :at 0 t]m$ ! ,adams /yle4 ,rob]t ,adam publi%$ betwe5 #aggh & #ahbb ?ree magnific5t volumes1 ,works on ,ar*itecture4 ,"o ( ^! 0 d$icat$ to ,k+ ,george ,,iii41 to :om he 0 appo9t$ ar*itect4 ,_m ( 8 designs = furniture 7 c>ri$ out by ,gill[s2 !re is a good collection ( 8 orig9al draw+s 9 ! ,soane ,museum1 ,l9coln's ,inn ,fields4 ,! decoration 0 g5]ally 9 l[ relief1 ) flut$ pila/]s1 & sometimes a r /iff ,r5aissance ornam5t decorat+ ! panel2 ! effect 0 neat & *a/e1 & a di/9ct *ange f ! rococo /yle :i* _h prec$$ x4 ,! design ( furniture 0 modifi$ to h>monize ) su* decoration4 ,! sidebo>d _h a /raight & n infrequ5tly a s]p5t9e-%ap$ front1 ) squ>e tap]+ legs1 & 0 surm\nt$ by a pair ( urn-%ap$ knife cases1 ! wood us$ be+ almo/ inv>iably mahogany1 ) ! inlay g5]ally ( pla9 flut+s reliev$ by fans or oval pat]oe 9 sat9 wood4 ,p]golesi1 ,cipriani & ,angelica ,kaufmann _h be5 attract$ to ,engl& by ! promise ( lucrative employm5t1 & n only decorat$ ! panels ( ceil+s & walls :i* 7 enri*$ by ,adams' compo' 79 reality a revival ( ! old ,italian gesso "w71 b also pa9t$ ! ornam5tal cab9ets1 occasional tables1 & *airs ( ! "t4 ,illu/ration3 ,fac-simile ( ,orig9al ,draw+s by ,rob]t ,adam 7,r$uc$74 ,t[>ds ! end ( ! c5tury1 sat9 wood 0 introduc$ into ,engl& f ! ,ea/ ,indies2 x became v fa%ionable1 & 0 a fav\rite gr\nd-"w = decoration1 ! m$allions ( figure subjects1 g5]ally ( cupids1 wood-nymphs1 or illu/rations ( my?ological fables on d>k] col\r$ wood1 =m$ an effective relief to ! yell[ sat9 wood4 ,sometimes ! cab9et1 writ+ table1 or sp9dle-legg$ occasional piece1 0 made entirely ( ?is wood1 hav+ no o!r decoration beyond ! beautiful m>k+ ( c>efully *os5 v5e]s2 sometimes x 0 b&$ ) tulipwood or h>ewood 7a "n giv5 to sycamore artificially /a9$71 & at o!r times pa9t$ z j describ$4 ,a v beautiful example ( ?is la/ nam$ treatm5t is ! dress+ table 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum1 :i* we give z an illu/ration1 & :i* ! au?orities %\ld n1 9 ! writ]'s op9ion1 h labell$ ,*ipp5dale4 ,besides ,*amb]s1 !re 7 sev]al o!r ar*itects :o design$ furniture ab\t ?is "t :o h be5 almo/ =gott54 ,abraham ,swan1 "s ( ^: designs = wood5 *imney pieces 9 ! quasi-classic /yle are giv51 fl\ri%$ ab\t #ageh4 ,john ,c>t]1 :o publi%$ ,specim5s ( ,anci5t ,sculpture & ,pa9t+2 ,ni*olas ,revitt & ,james ,/ew>t1 :o jo9tly publi%$ ,antiquities ( ,a!ns 9 #agfb2 ,j4,c4 ,kraft1 :o design$ 9 ! ,adams' /yle2 ,w4 ,?omas1 ,m4,s4,a41 & o!rs1 h left u _m draw+s ( int]ior decorations1 *iefly *imney pieces & ! ornam5tal ar*itraves ( doors1 all ( !m 9 l[ relief & ( a classical "*1 z 0 ! fa%ion t[>ds ! end ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,josiah ,w$gwood1 too1 turn$ 8 att5tion to ! production ( plaques 9 relief1 = adaptation to *imney pieces ( ?is "*4 ,9 a lett] writt5 f ,london to ,mr4 ,b5tley1 8 p>tn]1 at ! works1 he deplores ! lack ( enc\ragem5t 9 ?is direction :i* he receiv$ f ! ar*itects ( 8 day2 he1 h[ev]1 p]sev]$1 & by ! aid ( ,flaxman's inimitable arti/ic skill z a modell]1 made sev]al plaques ( 8 beautiful ,jasp] w>e1 :i* 7 let 9 to ! friezes ( *imney pieces1 & also into o!r wood-"w4 ,!re c be se5 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum a pair ( p$e/als ( ?is p]iod 7#aggj-agij7 s ornam5t$4 ,x is n[ necess>y to consid] ! "w ( a gr\p ( ,engli% cab9et mak]s1 :o n only produc$ a great deal ( excell5t furniture1 b :o also publi%$ a l>ge numb] ( designs drawn ) extreme c>e & a consid]able degree ( arti/ic skill4 ,! fir/ ( ^! & ! be/ kn[n 0 ,?omas ,*ipp5dale1 :o appe>s to h succe$$ 8 fa!r1 a *air mak]1 & to h c>ri$ on a l>ge & successful bus9ess 9 ,/4 ,m>t9's ,lane1 :i* 0 at ?is "t an important ,art c5tre1 & close to ! newly-f\nd$ ,royal ,academy4 ,illu/ration3 ,engli% ,sat9wood ,dress+ ,table4 ,) ,pa9t$ ,decoration4 ,end ( ,,xviii4 ,c5tury4 ,illu/ration3 ,*imneypiece & ,ov]mantel4 ,design$ by ,w4 ,?omas1 ,ar*itect4 #aghc4 ,v simil> to ,rob]t ,adam's "w4 ,*ipp5dale publi%$ ,! ,g5tleman & ,cab9et ,mak]'s ,director1 n1 z /at$ 9 ! introduction to ! catalogue to ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum1 9 #agfi1 b "s ye>s previ\sly1 z is te/ifi$ by a copy ( ! ?ird edition ( ! "w :i* is 9 ! writ]'s possession & be>s date #agfb1 ! fir/ edition hav+ appe>$ 9 #aged4 ,! title page ( ?is edition is reproduc$ 9 fac simile on page #agh4 ,illu/ration3 ,*airs1 ,) ornam5t 9 ! ,*9ese /yle1 by ,?omas ,*ipp5dale4 ,?is valuable "w ( ref]5ce conta9s ov] two hundr$ copp]plate engrav+s ( *airs1 s(as1 b$/eads1 mirror frames1 gir&oles1 tor*res or lamp /&s1 dress+ tables1 cab9ets1 *imney pieces1 organs1 j>d9ires1 console tables1 brackets1 & o!r useful & decorative articles1 ( :i* "s examples are giv54 ,x w be obs]v$ f ^!1 t ! designs ( ,*ipp5dale are v diff]5t f ^? popul>ly ascrib$ to him4 ,inde$1 x w\ld appe> t ?is mak] has become bett] kn[n ?an any o!r1 f ! fact ( ! designs 9 8 book be+ rec5tly republi%$ 9 v>i\s =ms2 8 popul>ity has ?us be5 reviv$1 :ile ! names ( 8 contempor>ies are =gott54 ,= ! la/ fifte5 or tw5ty ye>s1 !re=e1 dur+ :i* "t ! fa%ion has obta9$ ( collect+ ! furniture ( a bygone c5tury1 almo/ e cab9et1 table1 or mirror-frame1 presumably ( ,engli% manufacture1 :i* is slightly remov$ f ! ord9>y type ( dome/ic furniture1 has be51 = want ( a bett] title1 call$ ,*ipp5dale4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 he appe>s to h adopt$ f ,*amb]s ! fanciful ,*9ese ornam5t1 & ! rococo /yle ( t "t1 :i* 0 sup]s$$ "s five-&-tw5ty ye>s lat] by ! quiet] & m classic designs ( ,adam & 8 contempor>ies4 ,illu/ration3 ,fac-,simile ( ! ,title ,page ( ,*ipp5dale's ,director4 7,r$uc$ by ,photography47 ,! ,orig9al is 9 ,folio ,size4 ,,! ,,g5tleman & ,,cab9et-,,mak]',s ,,director3 ,be+ a l>ge ,,collection ( ! ,mo/ ,,elegant & ,,useful ,,designs ,,( ,,h\sehold ,,furniture1 ,9 ! ,mo/ ,,fa%ionable ,,ta/e4 ,includ+ a great ,,v>iety ( ,,*airs1 ,,s(as1 ,,b$s1 & ,,c\*es2 ,,*9a-,,tables1 ,,dress+-,,tables1 ,,%av+-,,tables1 ,,bason-,,/&s1 & ,,teakettle-,,/&s2 ,,frames = ,,m>ble-,,slabs1 ,,bureau-,,dress+-,,tables1 & ,,commodes2 ,,writ+-,,tables1 & ,,libr>y-,,tables2 ,,libr>y-,,book-,,cases1 ,,organ-,,cases = private ,rooms1 or ,*ur*es1 ,,desks1 & ,,book-,,cases2 ,,dress+ & ,,writ+-,,tables ) ,,book-,,cases1 ,,toilets1 ,,cab9ets1 & ,,cloa?s-,,presses2 ,,*9a-,,cases1 ,,*9a-,,%elves1 & ,,book-,,%elves2 ,,c&le-,,/&s1 ,,t]ms = ,,bu/s1 ,,/&s = ,,*9a ,,j>s1 & ,,p$e/als2 ,,ci/]ns = ,,wat]1 ,,lan?orns1 & ,,*&eli]s2 ,,fire-,,scre5s1 ,,brackets1 & ,,clock-,,cases2 ,,pi]-,,glasses1 & ,,table-,,frames2 ,,gir&oles1 ,,*imney-,,pieces1 & ,,picture-,,frames2 ,,/ove-,,grates1 ,,bo>d]s1 ,,frets1 ,,*9ese-,,rail+1 & ,,brass-,,"w1 = ,furniture1 ,,& ,,o!r ,,ornam5ts1 ,,to ,,:i* ,,is ,,prefix$1 ,a ,%ort ,,explanation ( ! ,five ,,ord]s ( ,,ar*itecture2 ,,) ,prop] ,,directions = execut+ ! mo/ difficult ,pieces1 ! ,m\ld+s be+ exhibit$ at l>ge1 & ! ,dim5sions ( ea* ,,design specifi$4 ,! ,:ole compreh5d$ 9 ,two ,,hundr$ ,,copp]-,,plates1 neatly engrav$4 ,calculat$ to improve & ref9e ! pres5t ,,ta/e1 & suit$ to ! ,fancy & ,circum/ances ( ,p]sons 9 all ,degrees ( ,life4 ,by ,,?omas ,,*ipp5dale1 ,,cab9et-,,mak] & ,,uphol/]]1 9 ,/4 ,m>t9's ,lane1 ,london4 ,,! ,,?ird ,,edition4 ,,london3 ,pr9t$ = ! ,,au?or1 & sold at 8 ,h\se1 9 ,/4 ,m>t9's ,lane2 ,also by ,t4 ,,becket & ,p4,a4 ,de,h,o,n,d,t1 9 ! ,/r&4 ,,mdcclxii4 ,illu/ration3 ,fac-simile ( a ,page 9 ,*ipp5dale's ,director4 7,! orig9al is folio size47 ,illu/ration3 ,tea ,caddy1 ,c>v$ 9 ! ,fr5* /yle4 7,f ,*ipp5dale's ,director47 ,9 ! *apt] on ,l\is ,,xv4 & ,l\is ,,xvi4 furniture1 x has be5 %ewn h[ ,france w5t ?r\gh a simil> *ange ab\t ?is same p]iod4 ,9 ,*ipp5dale's *airs & console tables1 9 8 /ate b$/eads & 8 lamp-/&s1 "o c recognise ! brok5 scrolls & curv$ l9es1 s famili> 9 ! bronze m\nt+s ( ,caffi]i4 ,! influ5ce ( ! *ange :i* _h occurr$ 9 ,france dur+ ! ,l\is ,seize p]iod is equally evid5t 9 ! ,adams' treatm5t4 ,x 0 help$ =w>d by ! migration into ?is c\ntry ( skill$ workm5 f ,france1 dur+ ! tr\bles ( ! revolution at ! end ( ! c5tury4 ,"s ( ,*ipp5dale's designs be> su* titles z ,fr5* *airs or a ,bomb-front$ ,commode4 ,^! might h appe>$ z illu/rations 9 a contempor>y book on ,fr5* furniture1 s id5tical are !y 9 e detail ) ! c>v$ woodwork ( ,picau1 ( ,caun]1 or ( ,nilson1 :o design$ ! flamboyant frames ( ! "t ( ,l\is ,,xv4 ,o!rs h m individuality4 ,9 8 mirror frames he introduc$ a peculi> bird ) a long snipe-l beak1 & r impossible w+s1 an imitation ( rockwork & dripp+ wat]1 ,*9ese figures ) pagodas & umbrellas2 & sometimes ! illu/ration ( ,aesop's fables int]sp]s$ ) scrolls & fl[]s4 ,by divid+ ! glass unequally1 by ! introduction into 8 design ( bevell$ pill>s ) c>v$ capitals & bases1 he produc$ a qua9t & pleas+ effect1 v suitable to ! r effem9ate fa%ion ( 8 "t1 & 9 h>mony ) ?ree-corn]$ hats1 wigs & pat*es1 embroid]$ wai/coats1 knee bree*es1 silk /ock+s1 & enamell$ snuff-boxes4 ,9 "s ( ! designs !re is a fanciful ,go?ic1 to :i* he makes special allusion 9 8 preface1 z likely to be consid]$ by 8 critics z impracticable1 b :i* he und]takes to produce1 if desir$-- ,?\gh "s ( ! pr(ession h be5 dilig5t en\gh to repres5t !m 7espescially ^? aft] ! ,go?ick & ,*9ese mann]7 z s _m speci\s draw+s impossible to be work$ (f by any me*anick :atsoev]4 ,i w n scruple to attribute ?is to ,malice1 ,ignorance1 & ,inability2 & ,i am confid5t ,i c conv9ce all ,noblem51 ,g5tlem51 or o!rs :o w hon\r me ) _! ,comm&s1 t e design 9 ! book c be improv$1 bo? z to ,beauty & ,enri*m5t1 9 ! execution ( x1 by ,_! mo/ ob$i5t s]vant1 ,,?omas ,,*ipp5dale4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,bureau1 ,f ,*ipp5dale's ,director4 ,! read] w notice t 9 ! examples select$ f ,*ipp5dale's book !re are none ( ^? fretwork tables & cab9ets :i* are g5]ally t]m$ ,*ipp5dale4 ,we "k1 h[ev]1 t besides ! designs :i* h j be5 describ$1 & :i* 7 int5d$ = gild+1 he also made mahogany furniture1 & 9 ! ,director !re are draw+s ( *airs1 wa%/&s1 writ+-tables & cab9ets ( ?is description4 ,fretwork is v r>ely se51 b ! c>v$ ornam5t is g5]ally a foliat$ or curl$ endive scroll2 sometimes ! top ( a cab9et is f9i%$ 9 ! =m ( a ,*9ese pagoda4 ,^u exam9+ a piece ( furniture t may reasonably be ascrib$ to him1 x w be f\nd ( excell5t workman%ip1 & ! wood1 always mahogany )\t any inlay1 is ri*ly m>k$1 %ew+ a c>eful selection ( mat]ial4 ,illu/ration3 ,fac-simile ( a ,page ,9 ,*ipp5dale's ,director4 7,! orig9al is folio size47 ,illu/ration3 ,fr5* ,commode & ,lamp ,/&s4 ,design$ by ,t4 ,*ipp5dale1 & ,publi%$ 9 ,8 ,director4 ,illu/ration3 ,fac-simile ( a ,page 9 ,*ipp5dale's ,director4 7,! orig9al is folio size47 ,illu/ration3 ,*imneypiece & ,mirror4 ,design$ ,by ,t4 ,*ipp5dale1 & ,publi%$ 9 ,8 ,director4 ,illu/ration3 ,,p>l\r ,,*airs ,,by ,,*ipp5dale4 ,! *airs ( ,*ipp5dale & 8 s*ool are v *>act]i/ic4 ,if ! outl9e ( ! back ( "s ( !m be comp>$ ) ! /uff$ back ( ! *air f ,h>dwick ,hall 7illu/rat$ 9 ,*ap4 ,,iv47 x w be se5 t ! same l9es occur1 b in/ead ( ! frame ( ! back be+ cov]$ ) silk1 tape/ry1 or o!r mat]ial--z 9 ,william ,,iii4's "t--,*ipp5dale's are cut op5 into fanciful patt]ns2 & 9 8 m highly ornate "w1 ! twi/$ rib&s ( 8 design are sc>cely to be reconcil$ ) ! use = :i* a d9+ room *air is int5d$4 ,! well-m\ld$ sweep ( 8 l9es1 h[ev]1 c\nt]balances ?is defect to "s ext5t1 & a good ,*ipp5dale mahogany *air w ev] be an elegant & graceful article ( furniture4 ,"o ( ! mo/ graceful *airs ( ab\t ! middle ( ! c5tury1 9 ! /yle ( ,*ipp5dale's be/ productions1 is ! ,ma/]'s ,*air 9 ! ,hall ( ! ,b>b]s' ,company4 ,c>v$ 9 ri* ,spani% mahogany1 & uphol/]$ 9 morocco lea!r1 ! ornam5t consi/s ( scrolls & cornucopi1 ) fl[]s *>m+ly dispos$1 ! arms & motto ( ! ,company be+ introduc$4 ,un=tunately1 !re is no c]ta9 record z to ! design] & mak] ( ?is beautiful *air1 & x is to be regrett$ t ! date 7#ahfe71 ! ye> :5 ! ,hall 0 r$ecorat$1 %\ld h be5 plac$ 9 prom95t gold lett]s on ?is int]e/+ relic ( a pa/ c5tury4 ,illu/ration3 ,clock ,case1 by ,*ipp5dale4 ,ap>t f ! sev]al books ( design notic$ 9 ?is *apt]1 !re 7 publi%$ two editions ( a "w1 undat$1 conta9+ _m ( ! draw+s f\nd 9 ,*ipp5dale's book4 ,?is book 0 entitl$1 ,upw>ds ( ,"o ,hundr$ ,new & ,g5teel ,designs1 be+ all ! mo/ approv$ patt]ns ( h\sehold furniture 9 ! ,fr5* ta/e4 ,by a ,society ( ,uphold]s & ,cab9et mak]s4 ,x is probable t ,*ipp5dale 0 a memb] ( ?is ,society1 & t "s ( ! designs 7 81 b t he sev]$ himself f x & publi%$ 8 own book1 pref]r+ to advance 8 individual reputation4 ,! sidebo>d :i* "o s g5]ally he>s call$ ,*ipp5dale sc>cely exi/$ 9 8 "t4 ,if x did1 x mu/ h be5 q at ! end ( 8 c>e]4 ,!re 7 side tables1 sometimes call$ ,side-,bo>ds1 b !y conta9$ nei!r cell>et nor cupbo>d3 only a draw] = table l954 ,! names ( two design]s & mak]s ( mahogany ornam5tal furniture1 :i* des]ve to be rememb]$ equally ) ,*ipp5dale1 are ^? ( ,w4 ,ince & ,j4 ,mayhew1 :o 7 p>tn]s 9 bus9ess 9 ,broad ,/reet1 ,gold5 ,squ>e1 & contempor>y ) him4 ,!y also publi%$ a book ( designs :i* is allud$ to by ,?omas ,%]aton 9 ! preface to 8 ,cab9et ,mak] & ,uphol/]]'s ,draw+ ,book1 publi%$ 9 #agic4 ,a few examples f ,ince & ,mayhew's ,cab9et ,mak]'s ,real ,fri5d & ,companion are giv51 f :i* x is evid5t t1 )\t any di/+ui%+ br&1 or )\t ! id5tification ( ! furniture ) ! designs1 x is difficult to di/+ui% betwe5 ! "w ( ^! contempor>y mak]s4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 noticeable aft] c>eful comp>ison ( ! "w ( ,*ipp5dale ) t ( ,ince & ,mayhew1 t ! furniture design$ & made by ! latt] has _m m ( ! *>act]i/ic details & ornam5ts :i* are g5]ally look$ ^u z d5ot+ ! "w ( ,*ipp5dale2 = in/ance1 ! fretwork ornam5ts f9i%$ by ! c>v]1 & !n appli$ to ! pla9 mahogany1 ! op5-"w scroll-%ap$ backs to encoignures or *9a %elves1 & ! c>v$ ,*9aman ) ! pagoda4 ,"s ( ! frames ( *imney glasses & pictures made by ,ince & ,mayhew are almo/ id5tical ) ^? ( ,*ipp5dale4 ,o!r well kn[n design]s & manufactur]s ( ?is "t 7 ,hepple:ite1 :o publi%$ a book ( designs v simil> to ^? ( 8 contempor>ies1 & ,mat?ias ,lock1 "s ( ^: orig9al draw+s 7 on view 9 ! ,exhibition ( #ahfb1 & _h int]e/+ memor&a atta*$1 giv+ ! names ( 8 workm5 & ! wages paid3 f ^! x appe>s t five %ill+s a day 0 at t "t suffici5t remun]ation = a skilful wood c>v]4 ,ano!r good design] & mak] ( mu* excell5t furniture ( ?is "t 0 ,%e>]1 :o has be5 unnotic$ by ne>ly all writ]s on ! subject4 ,9 an old book ( designs 9 ! au?or's possession1 ,%e>] del9 & publi%$ accord+ to ,act ( ,p>liam5t1 #aghh1 appe>s und]nea? ! repres5tations ( sidebo>ds1 tables1 bookcases1 dress+ tables1 :i* are v simil> 9 e way to ^? ( ,%]aton1 8 contempor>y4 ,a copy ( ,hepple:ite's book1 9 ! au?or's possession 7publi%$ 9 #aghi71 conta9s #cjj designs ( e article ( h\sehold furniture 9 ! newe/ & mo/ approv$ ta/e1 & x is wor? :ile to quote f 8 preface to illu/rate ! high e/eem 9 :i* ,engli% cab9et "w 0 held at ?is "t4 ,illu/ration3 ,*9a ,%elves1 ,design$ by ,w4 ,ince4 7,reproduc$ by ,photography f an old ,pr9t 9 ! ,au?or's ,possession47 ,illu/ration3 ,gir&oles & ,pi] ,table1 ,design$ by ,w4 ,?omas1 ,ar*itect1 #aghc4 7,reproduc$ by ,photography f an old ,pr9t 9 ! ,au?or's possession47 ,engli% ta/e & workman%ip h ( late ye>s be5 mu* s\ght = by surr\nd+ nations2 & ! mutability ( all ?+s1 b m especially ( fa%ions1 has r5d]$ ! lab\rs ( our pr$ecessors 9 ?is l9e ( little use2 nay1 9 ?is day c only t5d to mislead ^? =eign]s :o seek a k ( ,engli% ta/e 9 ! v>i\s articles ( h\sehold furniture4 ,x is amus+ to ?9k h[ soon ! mutabilities ( fa%ion did = a "t sup]s$e _m ( 8 designs4 ,a selection ( designs f 8 book is giv51 & x w be useful to comp>e !m ) ^? ( o!r contempor>y mak]s4 ,f su* a comp>ison x w be se5 t 9 ! progress f ! rococo ( ,*ipp5dale to ! m sev]e l9es ( ,%]aton1 ,hepple:ite =ms a connect+ l9k betwe5 ! two4 ,illu/ration3 ,toilet ,glass4 ,urn ,/&4 7,f ,hepple:ite's ,guide47 ,! names giv5 to "s ( ^! designs appe> curi\s2 = in/ance3 ,rudd's table or reflect+ dress+ table1 s call$ f ! fir/ "o hav+ be5 inv5t$ = a popul> "* ( t "t4 ,knife cases1 = ! reception ( ! knives :i* 7 kept 9 !m1 & us$ to g>ni% ! sidebo>ds4 ,cabriole *air1 imply+ a /uff$ back1 & n hav+ ref]5ce1 z x does n[1 to ! curv$ =m ( ! leg4 ,b> back$ s(a1 be+ :at we %\ld n[ t]m a ?ree or f\r *air settee1 i4e41 l s _m *airs jo9$ & hav+ an arm at ei!r end4 ,libr>y case in/ead ( ,bookcase4 ,confidante & ,du*esse1 :i* 7 s(as ( ! "t4 ,g\ty /ool1 a /ool hav+ an adju/able top4 ,tea *e/1 ,urn /&1 & o!r names :i* h n[ disappe>$ f ord9>y use 9 describ+ simil> articles4 ,illu/ration3 ,ladies' ,secretaires1 ,design$ by ,w4 ,ince4 7,reproduc$ by ,photography f an old ,pr9t 9 ! ,au?or's possession47 ,illu/ration3 ,p>l\r ,*airs1 ,design$ by ,w4 ,ince4 ,illu/ration3 ,desk & ,bookcase1 ,design$ by ,w4 ,ince4 7,reproduc$ by ,photography f an old ,pr9t 9 ! ,au?or's possession47 ,illu/ration3 ,*9a ,cab9et1 ,design$ by ,j4 ,mayhew4 7,reproduc$ f an old ,pr9t 9 ! ,au?or's possession74 ,illu/ration3 ,dress+ ,*airs1 ,design$ by ,j4 ,mayhew4 ,^! %ew ! influ5ce ( ,sir ,w4 ,*amb]'s ,*9ese /yle4 ,hepple:ite _h a specialit1 to :i* he alludes 9 8 book1 & ( :i* he gives sev]al designs4 ,?is 0 8 japann$ or pa9t$ furniture3 ! wood 0 coat$ ) a prep>ation aft] ! mann] ( ,*9ese or ,japanese lacqu]1 & !n decorat$1 g5]ally ) gold on a black gr\nd1 ! designs be+ 9 fruits & fl[]s3 & also m$allions pa9t$ 9 ! /yle ( ,cipriani & ,angelica ,kauffmann4 ,subsequ5tly1 furniture ( ?is "*1 in/ead ( be+ japann$1 0 only pa9t$ :ite4 ,x is probable t _m ( ! *airs ( ?is "t :i* "o sees1 ( wood ( inf]ior quality1 & ) sc>cely any ornam5t1 7 orig9ally decorat$ 9 ! mann] j describ$1 & !re=e ! c>v+ ( details w\ld h be5 sup]flu\s4 ,injury to ! enamell+ by we> & te> 0 mo/ likely ! cause ( _! be+ /ripp$ ( _! rubb$ & p>tly oblit]at$ decorations1 & !y 7 !n /a9$ & poli%$1 pres5t+ an appe>ance :i* is sc>cely j to ! design] & manufactur]4 ,9 "s ( ,hepple:ite's *airs1 too1 z 9 ^? ( ,%]aton1 "o may fancy "o sees evid5ce ( ! squabbles ( two fa%ionable factions ( ?is "t1 ! ,c\rt p>ty & ! ,pr9ce's p>ty1 ! latt] hav+ ! well kn[n ,pr9ce ( ,wales' plumes v prom95t1 & =m+ ! ornam5tal support ( ! back ( ! *air4 ,ano!r noticeable enri*m5t is ! c>v+ ( :eat e>s on ! %ield %ape backs ( ! *airs4 ,! plan ( a room %ew+ ! prop] di/ribution ( ! furniture1 appe>s on p4 #aic to give an idea ( ! fa%ion ( ! day2 x is evid5t f ! l>ge look+ glass :i* ov]hangs ! sidebo>d t ! fa%ion _h n[ set 9 to use ^! mirrors4 ,"s ?irty or =ty ye> lat] ?is mirror became "p ( ! sidebo>d1 & 9 "s l>ge & pret5ti\s designs :i* we h se51 ! sidebo>d itself 0 little bett] ?an a support = a huge glass 9 a heavily c>v$ frame4 ,! d9+ tables ( ?is p]iod des]ve a pass+ notice z a /ep 9 ! developm5t ( t important memb] ( our ,l>es & ,p5ates4 ,:at 0 & is /ill call$ ! pill> & claw table1 came into fa%ion t[>ds ! end ( la/ c5tury4 ,x consi/$ ( a r\nd or squ>e top support$ by an upright cyl9d]1 :i* re/$ on a pl9? hav+ ?ree1 or sometimes f\r1 feet c>v$ z claws4 ,9 ord] to ext5d ^! tables = a l>g] numb] ( gue/s1 an arrangem5t 0 made = plac+ sev]al toge!r4 ,:5 ap>t1 !y s]v$ z pi] or side tables1 & "s ( ^!--! two end ones1 be+ semi-circul>--may /ill be f\nd 9 "s ( our old inns4#ag ,illu/ration3 ,tea ,tray4 ,illu/ration3 ,gir&ole4 ,illu/ration3 ,tea ,tray4 ,illu/ration3 ,p>l\r ,*air1 ) ,pr9ce ,( ,wales' ,plumes4 ,illu/ration3 ,pi] ,table4 ,illu/ration3 ,p>l\r ,*air4 ,illu/ration3 ,designs ( ,furniture4 ,f ,hepple:ite's ,guide1 ,publi%$ #aghg4 ,illu/ration3 ,fac-simile ( a ,page 9 ,hepple:ite's ,cab9et ,mak]'s ,guide4 ,publi%$ ,9 #aghg4 ,x 0 n until #ahjj t ,ri*>d ,gill[1 ( ! well-kn[n firm 9 ,ox=d ,/reet1 inv5t$ & pat5t$ ! conv5i5t telescopic contrivance :i*1 ) slight improvem5ts1 has giv5 u ! table ( ! pres5t day4 ,! t]m /ill us$ by auctione]s 9 describ+ a mod]n ext5d+ table z a set ( d9+ tables1 is1 probably1 a survival ( ! old] me?od ( provid+ = a d9n] p>ty4 ,gill['s pat5t is describ$ z an improvem5t 9 ! me?od ( con/ruct+ d9+ & o!r tables calculat$ to r$uce ! numb] ( legs1 pill>s & claws1 & to facilitate & r5d] easy1 _! enl>gem5t & r$uction4 ,illu/ration3 ,inlaid ,tea ,caddy & ,top ( ,pi] ,tables4 7,f ,hepple:ite's ,guide7 ,z an int]e/+ l9k betwe5 ! pres5t & ! pa/ x may be useful "h to introduce a slight notice ( ?is well-kn[n firm ( furniture manufactur]s1 = :i* ! writ] is indebt$ to ,mr4 ,cl>ke1 "o ( ! pres5t p>tn]s ( ,gill[s4 ,we h an unbrok5 record ( books dat+ f #agbd1 b we exi/$ long ant]ior to ?is3 all records 7 de/roy$ dur+ ! ,scotti% ,rebellion 9 #agde4 ,! h\se orig9at$ 9 ,lanca/]1 :i* 0 !n ! *ief port 9 ! nor?1 ,liv]pool n be+ 9 exi/5ce at ! "t1 & ,gill[s export$ furniture l>gely to ! ,we/ ,indies1 import+ rum z paym5t1 = :i* privilege !y held a special *>t]4 ,! h\se op5$ 9 ,london 9 #agfe1 & = "s "t ! ,lanca/] books bore ! head+ & inscription1 ,adv5ture to ,london4 ,on ! ar*itect's plans = ! premises n[ s well-kn[n 9 ,ox=d ,/reet1 occur ^! words1 ,?is is ! way to ,uxbridge4 ,mr4 ,cl>ke's in=mation may be supplem5t$ by add+ t f ,dr4 ,gill[1 :om ! writ] _h ! pleasure ( meet+ "s ye>s ago1 & 0 ! ?irte5? *ild ( ! ,ri*>d ,gill[ be=e m5tion$2 he le>nt t ?is same ,ri*>d ,gill[ retir$ 9 #ahcj1 & di$ z late z #ahff at ! age ( #ij4 ,d[bigg91 f\nd] ( ! firm ( ,holl& & ,sons1 0 an appr5tice to ,ri*>d ,gill[4 ,mahogany may be said to h come into g5]al use subsequ5t to #agbj1 & its introduction is ass]t$ to h be5 due to ! t5acity ( purpose ( a ,dr4 ,gibbon1 ^: wife want$ a c&le box1 an article ( common dome/ic use ( ! "t4 ,! ,doctor1 :o _h laid by 9 ! g>d5 ( 8 h\se 9 ,k+ ,/reet1 ,cov5t ,g>d51 "s planks s5t to him by 8 bro!r1 a ,we/ ,indian capta91 ask$ ! jo9] to use a "p ( ! wood = ?is purpose2 x 0 f\nd too t\gh & h>d = ! tools ( ! p]iod1 b ! ,doctor 0 n to be ?w>t$1 & insi/$ on h>d]-temp]$ tools be+ f\nd1 & ! task complet$2 ! result 0 ! production ( a c&le box :i* 0 admir$ by e "o4 ,he !n ord]$ a bureau ( ! same mat]ial1 & :5 x 0 f9i%$ invit$ 8 fri5ds to see ! new "w2 among/ o!rs1 ! ,du*ess ( ,buck+ham begg$ a small piece ( ! preci\s wood1 & x soon became ! fa%ion4 ,on acc\nt ( its t\ghness1 & peculi>ity ( gra91 x 0 capable ( treatm5t impossible ) oak1 & ! high poli% x took by oil & rubb+ 7n ,fr5* poli%1 a lat] inv5tion71 caus$ x to come into great reque/4 ,! t]m putt+ "o's knees "u a fri5d's mahogany1 probably dates f ab\t ?is "t4 ,illu/ration3 ,kneehole ,table1 by ,%]aton4 ,?omas ,%]aton1 :o comm5c$ "w "s #bj ye>s lat] ?an ,*ipp5dale1 & cont9u$ x until ! e>ly "p ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 accompli%$ mu* excell5t "w 9 ,engli% furniture4 ,! fa%ion _h n[ *ang$2 in/ead ( ! rococo or rock "w 7lit]ally rock-scroll7 & %ell 7rocquaille et cocquaille7 ornam5t1 :i* _h gone out1 a simpl] & m sev]e ta/e _h come 94 ,9 ,%]aton's cab9ets1 *airs1 writ+ tables1 & occasional pieces we h !re=e no long] ! cabriole leg or ! c>v$ ornam5t2 b1 z 9 ! case ( ! bro!rs ,adam1 & ! furniture design$ by !m = su* h\ses z ^? 9 ,portl& ,place1 we h n[ squ>e tap]+ legs1 sev]e l9es1 & quiet ornam5t4 ,%]aton tru/$ almo/ entirely = decoration to 8 m>quet]ie4 ,"s ( ?is is v delicate & ( excell5t workman%ip4 ,he introduc$ occasionally animals ) foliat$ extremities into 8 scrolls1 & he also inlaid m>quet]ie trophies ( musical in/rum5ts2 b z a rule ! decoration 0 9 wrea?s ( fl[]s1 husks1 or drap]y1 9 /rict adh]5ce to ! fa%ion ( ! decorations to :i* allusion has be5 made4 ,a *>act]i/ic feature ( 8 cab9ets 0 ! swan-neck$ p$im5t surm\nt+ ! cornice1 be+ a revival ( an ornam5t fa%ionable dur+ ,que5 ,anne's reign4 ,x 0 !n *iefly f\nd 9 /one1 m>ble1 or cut brickwork1 b subsequ5tly became preval5t 9 inlaid woodwork4 ,illu/ration3 ,*airs1 by ,%]aton4 ,%]aton 0 app>5tly a man v well educat$ = 8 "t1 :e!r self taught or n "o _c say2 b t he 0 an excell5t draughtsman1 & _h a complete k ( geometry1 is evid5t f ! wond]ful draw+s 9 8 book1 & ! c>eful ?\gh r v]bose directions he gives = p]spective draw+4 ,_m ( 8 num]\s designs = furniture & ornam5tal items1 are drawn to a scale ) ! geometrical nicety ( an eng9e]'s or ar*itect's plan3 he has drawn 9 elevation1 plan1 & m9ute detail1 ea* ( ! five ar*itectural ord]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,*air ,backs1 f ,%]aton's ,cab9et ,mak]4 ,! selection made "h f 8 designs = ! purposes ( illu/ration1 is n tak5 f 8 lat] "w1 :i* prop]ly belongs to a future *apt]1 :5 we come to consid] ! influ5ce ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 & ! translation ( ! ,empire /yle to ,engl&4 ,%]aton publi%$ ,! ,cab9et ,mak] & ,uphol/]]'s ,draw+ ,book 9 #agic1 & ! li/ ( subscrib]s ^: names & addresses are giv51 ?r[s mu* light on ! subject ( ! furniture ( 8 "t4#ah ,among/ ^! are _m ( 8 ari/ocratic patrons & no less ?an #dej names & addresses ( cab9et mak]s1 *air mak]s & c>v]s1 exclusive ( h>psi*ord manufactur]s1 musical in/rum5t mak]s1 uphol/]]s1 & o!r k9dr$ trades4 ,includ$ ) ^! we f9d ! names ( firms :o1 f ! appo9tm5ts !y held1 x may be inf]r$1 _h a high reputation = good "w & a lead+ position 9 ! trade1 b :o1 p]haps f ! abs5ce ( a ta/e = gett+ into pr9t & f ! lack ( any br& or m>k by :i* _! "w c be id5tifi$1 h pass$ into oblivion :ile _! contempor>ies are /ill fam\s4 ,! foll[+ names tak5 f ?is li/ are probably ^? ( m5 :o _h = _m ye>s conduct$ well kn[n & old e/abli%$ bus9esses1 b w\ld n[ be b poor ones to conjure )1 :ile ^? ( ,*ipp5dale1 ,%]aton1 or ,hepple:ite1 are a ready passport = a d\btful specim54 ,= in/ance3--,france1 ,cab9et ,mak] to ,8 ,maje/y1 ,/4 ,m>t9's ,lane2 ,*>les ,elliott1 ,uphold] to ,8 ,maje/y & ,cab9et ,mak] to ! ,duke ( ,york1 ,bond ,/reet2 ,campbell & ,sons1 ,cab9et ,mak]s to ! ,pr9ce ( ,wales1 ,m>y-le-bone ,/reet1 ,london4 ,besides ^? :o held ,royal appo9tm5ts1 !re 7 o!r manufactur]s ( decorative furniture--,?omas ,johnson1 ,copel&1 ,rob]t ,davy1 a ,fr5* c>v] nam$ ,ni*olas ,collet1 :o settl$ 9 ,engl&1 & _m o!rs4 ,9 ,mr4 ,j4,h4 ,poll5's l>g] "w on furniture & woodwork1 :i* includes a catalogue ( ! diff]5t examples 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum1 !re is a li/ ( ! v>i\s arti/s & craftsm5 :o h be5 id5tifi$ ) ! production ( arti/ic furniture ei!r z design]s or manufactur]s1 & ! writ] has f\nd ?is ( consid]able s]vice4 ,9 ! ,app5dix to ?is "w1 ?is li/ has be5 reproduc$1 ) ! addition ( sev]al names 7p>ticul>ly ^? ( ! ,fr5* s*ool7 omitt$ by ,mr4 ,poll51 & x w1 x is hop$1 prove a useful ref]5ce to ! read]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,al?\gh ?is *apt] is some:at long1 on acc\nt ( ! endeav\r to give m detail$ in=mation ab\t ,engli% furniture ( ! latt] half ( la/ c5tury1 ?an ( "s o!r p]iods1 9 consequ5ce ( ! prevail+ ta/e = our ,national manufacture ( ?is "t1 /ill1 9 conclud+ x1 a few rem>ks ab\t ! ,sidebo>d may be all[$4 ,! *anges 9 =m & fa%ion ( ?is important article ( dome/ic furniture are int]e/+1 & to expla9 !m a slight retrospect is necess>y4 ,! ^w ,buffet1 sometimes translat$ ,sidebo>d1 :i* 0 us$ to describe cont95tal pieces ( furniture ( ! #ae? & #af? c5turies1 does n designate our ,sidebo>d1 :i* may be said to h be5 introduc$ by ,william ,,iii42 & ( :i* k9d !re is a fair specim5 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum2 an illu/ration ( x has be5 giv5 9 ! *apt] deal+ ) t p]iod4 ,! t]m /ately sidebo>d occurs 9 ,milton's ,p>adise ,rega9$1 :i* 0 publi%$ 9 #afga1 & ,dryd51 9 8 translation ( ,juv5al1 publi%$ 9 #afic1 :5 contra/+ ! furniture ( ! classical p]iod ( :i* he 0 writ+ ) t ( 8 own "t1 uses ! foll[+ l9e3-- ,no sidebo>ds !n ) gild$ plate 7 dress$4 ,! fa%ion 9 ^? days ( hav+ symmetrical doors 9 a room1 t is1 false doors to correspond ) ! door us$ = exit1 :i* "o /ill f9ds 9 _m old h\ses 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,portl& ,place1 & p>ticul>ly 9 ! palaces ( ,/4 ,james' & ( ,k5s+ton1 enabl$ our ance/ors to h good cupbo>ds = ! /orage ( glass1 crock]y1 & res]ve w9e4 ,aft] ! middle ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 h[ev]1 ^! extra doors & ! enclos$ cupbo>d gradually disappe>$1 & soon aft] ! mahogany side table came into fa%ion x became ! cu/om to supplem5t ?is article ( furniture by a p$e/al cupbo>d on ei!r side 7in/ead ( ! cupbo>ds allud$ to71 "o = hot plates & ! o!r = w9e4 ,!n1 z ! ?9 legs gave ! table r a lanky appe>ance1 ! g>de de v91 or cell>et1 0 add$ 9 ! =m ( an oval tub ( mahogany ) b&s ( brass1 sometimes rais$ on l[ feet ) ca/ors = conv5i5ce1 :i* 0 us$ z a w9e cool]4 ,a pair ( urn-%ap$ mahogany vases /ood on ! p$e/als1 & ^! conta9$--! "o hot wat] = ! s]vants' use 9 wa%+ ! knives1 =ks & spoons1 :i* be+ !n mu* m valuable 7 limit$ 9 quantity1 & ! o!r held ic$ wat] = ! gue/s' use4 ,a brass rail at ! back ( ! side table ) ornam5tal pill>s & bran*es = c&les 0 us$1 p>tly to enri* ! furniture1 & p>tly to =m a support to ! h&some pair ( knife & spoon cases1 :i* complet$ ! g>niture ( a g5tleman's sidebo>d ( ?is p]iod4 ,! full page illu/rations w give ! read] a good idea ( ?is arrangem5t1 & x w\ld seem t ! mod]n sidebo>d is ! comb9ation ( ^! sep>ate articles into "o piece ( furniture--at diff]5t times & 9 diff]5t fa%ions--fir/ ! p$e/als jo9$ to ! table produc$ our p$e/al sidebo>d1 !n ! mirror 0 jo9$ to ! back1 ! cell>ette made "p ( ! int]ior fitt+s1 & ! bani%m5t ( knife cases & urns to ! realms ( ! curiosity hunt]1 or = conv]sion into _s cases & /ation]y hold]s4 ,! s>cophagus1 (t5 ri*ly c>v$1 ( c\rse succe$$ ! simpl] cell>et ( ,%]aton's p]iod4 ,be=e we dismiss ! furniture ( ! d9+ room ( ?is p]iod1 x may int]e/ "s ( our read]s to "k t until ! fir/ edition ( ,johnson's ,diction>y 0 publi%$ 9 #agee1 ! t]m 0 n to be f\nd 9 ! vocabul>ies ( our language designat+ its pres5t use4 ,9 ,b>rat's ,alve>ic1 publi%$ 9 #aehj1 p>loir1 or p>l]1 0 describ$ z a place to sup 94 ,lat]1 ,m9%eu's ,guide unto ,tongues1 9 #afag1 gave x z an inn] room to d9e or to suppe 91 b ,johnson's def9ition is a room 9 h\ses on ! fir/ floor1 elegantly furni%$ = reception or ent]ta9m5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,urn ,/&4 ,to ! latt] "p ( ! eighte5? c5tury--! ,engli% furniture ( :i* "t has be5 discuss$ 9 ?is ,*apt]--belong ! qua9t little urn /&s :i* 7 made to hold ! urn ) boil+ wat]1 :ile ! tea pot 0 plac$ on ! little slide :i* is drawn out f und]nea? ! table top4 ,9 ^? days tea 0 an exp5sive luxury1 & ! urn /&1 ( :i* !re is an illu/ration1 inlaid 9 ! fa%ion ( ! "t1 is a da9ty relic ( ! pa/1 toge!r ) ! old mahogany or m>quet]ie tea caddy1 :i* 0 sometimes ! object ( consid]able skill & c>e4 ,"o ( ^! design$ by ,*ipp5dale is illu/rat$ on p4 #agi1 & ano!r by ,hepple:ite w be f\nd on p4 #aid4 ,!y 7 fitt$ ) two & sometimes ?ree bottles or tea-pays ( silv] or ,batt]sea enamel1 to hold ! black & gre5 teas1 & :5 really good examples ( ^! da9tily-fitt$ tea caddies are (f]$ = sale1 !y br+ l>ge sums4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,sidebo>d 9 ,mahogany ) ,inlay ( ,sat9wood4 ,9 ! ,/yle ( ,rob]t ,adam4 ,! w9e table ( ?is "t des]ves a ^w4 ,^! are n[ some:at r>e1 & are only to be f\nd 9 a few old h\ses1 & 9 "s ( ! ,colleges at ,ox=d & ,cambridge4 ,^! 7 f\nd ) revolv+ tops1 :i* _h circles turn$ out to a slight dep? = ea* glass to /& 91 & !y 7 sometimes %ap$ l ! half ( a flat r+4 ,^! latt] 7 = plac+ 9 front ( ! fire1 :5 ! out] side ( ! table =m$ a convivial circle1 r\nd :i* ! sitt]s ga!r$ aft] !y _h left ! d9n] table4 ,"o ( ^! old tables is /ill to be se5 9 ! ,hall ( ,gray's ,inn1 & ! writ] 0 told t its fell[ 0 brok5 & _h be5 s5t away4 ,!y are ne>ly always ( good ri* mahogany1 & h legs m or less ornam5tal accord+ to circum/ances4 ,a di/+ui%+ feature ( ,engli% furniture ( ! la/ c5tury 0 ! p>tiality = secret draw]s & contrivances = hid+ away pap]s or valu$ articles2 & 9 old secretaires & writ+ tables we f9d a great _m +5i\s designs :i* rem9d u ( ! days :5 !re 7 b few banks1 & p kept money & de$s 9 _! own cu/ody4 ,illu/ration3 ,c>v$ ,j>d9i]e1 by ,*ipp5dale4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,*9a ,cab9et1 & a ,bookcase ,) ,secretaire4 ,design$ by ,t4 ,%]aton1 & publi%$ 9 8 ,cab9et ,mak] & ,uphol/]]'s ,draw+ ,book1 #agic4 ,*apt] ,,viii4 ,fir/ ,half ( ! ,n9ete5? ,c5tury ,! ,fr5* ,revolution & ,fir/ ,empire--,influ5ce on design ( ,napoleon's ,campaigns--,! ,cab9et pres5t$ to ,m>ie ,l\ise--,dut* ,furniture ( ! "t--,engli% ,furniture--,%]aton's lat] "w--,?omas ,hope1 ar*itect--,george ,smi?'s designs--,fa%ion dur+ ! ,reg5cy--,go?ic revival--,s$don's ,furniture--,o!r ,mak]s--,influ5ce on design ( ! ,re/oration 9 ,france--,furniture ( ,william ,,iv4 & e>ly "p ( ,que5 ,victoria's reign--,b>oque & ,rococo /yles--,! panell+ ( rooms1 dado1 & skirt+--,! ,art ,union1--,! ,society ( ,arts--,sir ,*>les ,b>ry & ! new ,palace ( ,we/m9/]--,pug9's designs--,auction ,prices ( ,furniture--,*ri/ie's--,! ,london ,club ,h\ses--,/eam--,diff]5t ,trade ,cu/oms--,exhibitions 9 ,france & ,engl&--,h>ry ,rog]s' "w--,! ,que5's cradle--,/ate ( ,art 9 ,engl& dur+ fir/ "p ( pres5t reign--,cont95tal designs--,italian c>v+--,cab9et "w--,g5]al rem>ks4 ,empire ,furniture4 ,illu/ration ,!re are great crises 9 ! hi/ory ( a nation :i* /& out 9 prom95t relief4 ,"o ( ^! is ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 :i* comm5c$ 9 #agib1 & wr\ght su* dire havoc among/ ! ari/ocracy1 ) s mu* mis]y & di/ress ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry4 ,x 0 an ev5t ( great importance1 :e!r we consid] ! religion1 ! politics1 or ! mann]s & cu/oms ( a p1 z affect+ ! *anges 9 ! /yle ( ! decoration ( _! homes4 ,! horrors ( ! ,revolution are matt]s ( common k to e s*oolboy1 & !re is no ne$ to dwell ei!r ^u !m or _! consequ5ces1 :i* are s ?or\ghly app>5t4 ,! confiscation ( ! prop]ty ( ^? :o _h fl$ ! c\ntry 0 add$ to ! g5]al dislocation ( ev]y?+ connect$ ) ! "w ( ! indu/rial arts4 ,nev]!less x %\ld be borne 9 m9d t among/ ! an>*y & disord] ( ?is t]rible "t 9 ,france1 ! ,national ,conv5tion _h suffici5t =esight to appo9t a ,commission1 compos$ ( compet5t m5 9 diff]5t bran*es ( ,art1 to det]m9e :at ,/ate prop]ty 9 arti/ic objects %\ld be sold1 & :at 0 ( suffici5t hi/orical int]e/ to be reta9$ z a national possession4 ,ries5]1 ! celebrat$ b5i/e1 ^: "w we h describ$ 9 ! *apt] on ,l\is ,seize furniture1 & ,david1 ! fam\s pa9t] ( ! "t1 bo? s]v$ on ?is ,commission1 ( :i* !y mu/ h be5 valuable memb]s4 ,!re is a passage quot$ by ,mr4 ,c4 ,p]k9s1 ! ,am]ican translator ( ,dr4 ,falke's ,g]man "w ,kun/ im ,hause1 :i* gives u ! keynote to ! great *ange :i* took place 9 ! fa%ion ( furniture ab\t ! "t ( ! ,revolution4 ,9 an article on ,art1 says ?is democratic ,fr5* writ]1 z e>ly z #agij1 :5 ! great /orm cl\d 0 already ?reat5+ to bur/1 ,we h *ang$ ev]y?+2 fre$om1 n[ consolidat$ 9 ,france1 has re/or$ ! pure ta/e ( ! antique6 ,f>ewell to y\r m>quet]ie & ,b\le1 y\r ribbons1 fe/oons1 & rosettes ( gild$ bronze2 ! h\r has come :5 objects mu/ be made to h>monize ) circum/ances4 ,?us x is h>dly too mu* to say t designs 7 gov]n$ by ! politics & philosophy ( ! day2 & "o f9ds 9 furniture ( ?is p]iod ! reproduction ( anci5t ,greek =ms = *airs & c\*es2 ladies' "w tables are fa%ion$ some:at aft] ! old draw+s ( sacrificial alt>s2 & ! classical tripod is a fav\rite support4 ,! m\nt+s repres5t antique ,roman fasces ) an axe 9 ! c5tre2 trophies ( lances1 surm\nt$ by a ,phrygian cap ( lib]ty2 w+$ figures1 emblematical ( fre$om2 & antique heads ( helmet$ w>riors arrang$ l cameo m$allions4 ,aft] ! execution ( ,robespi]re1 & ! abolition ( ! ,revolution>y ,tribunal 9 #agid1 came ! *oice ( ! ,directory3 & !n1 aft] ,buonap>te's brilliant success 9 ,italy1 & ! fam\s exp$itions to ,syria & ,egypt two ye>s lat]1 came 8 proclamation z ,fir/ ,consul 9 #agii1 :i* 9 #ahjb 0 confirm$ z a life appo9tm5t4 ,we h only to ref] to ! portrait ( ! great soldi]1 repres5t$ ) ! cr[n ( bay leaves & o!r attributes ( old ,roman imp]ialism1 to see t 9 8 m9d 0 ! ambition ( reviv+ mu* ( ! spl5d\r & ( ! surr\nd+s ( ! ,caes>s1 :om he took1 to "s ext5t1 z 8 models2 & t 9 f\nd+ on ! a%es ( ! ,revolution a new fabric1 ) new p ab\t him1 all influ5c$ by 8 en]getic p]sonality1 he desir$ to m>k 8 victories by /amp+ ! new ord] ( ?+s ) 8 p[]ful & ass]tive individualism4 ,illu/ration3 ,cab9et 9 ,mahogany ) ,bronze ,gilt ,m\nt+s1 ,pres5t$ by ,napoleon ,i4 to ,m>ie ,l\ise on 8 ,m>riage ) h] 9 #ahaj ,p]iod3 ,napoleon ,i4 ,! cab9et :i* 0 design$ & made = ,m>ie ,l\ise1 on 8 m>riage ) h] 9 #ahaj1 is an excell5t example ( ! ,napoleonic furniture4 ,! wood us$ 0 almo/ inv>iably ri* mahogany1 ! col\r ( :i* made a good gr\nd = ! bronze gilt m\nts :i* 7 appli$4 ,! full-page illu/ration %ews ^!1 :i* are all classical 9 "*2 & ?\gh !re is no p>ticul> grace 9 ! outl9e or =m ( ! cab9et1 !re is a c]ta9 dignity & solemnity1 reliev$ f oppressiv5ess by ! f9e *as+ & gild+ ( ! metal enri*m5ts1 & ! excell5t col\r & figur+ ( ! ri* ,spani% mahogany us$4 ,on secretaires & tables1 a common ornam5t ( ?is description ( furniture1 is a column ( mahogany1 ) a capital & base ( bronze 7ei!r gilt1 "p gilt1 or gre571 9 ! =m ( ! head ( a sph9x ) ! foot ( an animal2 console tables are support$ by sph9xes & griff9s2 & c&elabra & wall brackets = c&les h w+$ figures ( females1 /iff 9 modell+ & con/ra9$ 9 attitude1 b almo/ inv>iably ( good mat]ial ) c>eful f9i%4 ,illu/ration3 ,tab\ret1 or ,/ool1 ,c>v$ & ,gilt2 ,arm ,*air1 ,9 ,mahogany1 ) ,gilt ,bronze ,m\nt+s4 ,p]iod ( ,napoleon ,i4 ,! bas-reliefs 9 metal :i* ornam5t ! panels ( ! friezes ( cab9ets1 or ! m>ble bases ( clocks1 are ei!r reproductions ( my?ological subjects f old ,italian gems & seals1 or repres5t ! battles ( ! ,emp]or1 9 :i* ,napoleon is portray$ z a ,roman g5]al4 ,!re 0 pl5ty ( room to replace s mu* t _h disappe>$ dur+ ! ,revolution1 & a va/ quantity ( decorative furniture 0 made dur+ ! few ye>s :i* elaps$ be=e ! disa/] ( ,wat]loo caus$ ! disappe>ance ( a p[] :i* _h be5 almo/ meteoric 9 its c>e]4 ,! be/ au?ority on ,empire ,furniture is ! book ( designs1 publi%$ 9 #ahji by ! ar*itects ,p]ci] & ,fonta9e1 :i* is ! m valuable z a "w ( ref]5ce1 f ! fact t e design repres5t$ 0 actually c>ri$ out1 & is n a m]e ex]cise ( fancy1 z is ! case ) _m su* books4 ,9 ! preface ! au?ors mode/ly /ate t !y are entirely indebt$ to ! antique = ! reproduction ( ! diff]5t ornam5ts2 & ! orig9als1 f :i* "s ( ! designs 7 tak51 are /ill pres]v$ 9 a fragm5t>y =m 9 ! ,museum ( ! ,vatican4 ,! illu/rations on p4 #bje ( an arm *air & a /ool1 toge!r ) t ( ! tripod table :i* ornam5ts ! initial lett] ( ?is *apt]1 are fav\rable examples ( ! ri*ly-m\nt$ & m decorative furniture ( ?is /yle4 ,:ile !y are n free f ! /iffness & con/ra9t :i* are insep>able f classic designs z appli$ to furniture1 ! ri* col\r ( ! mahogany1 ! high f9i% & good gild+ ( ! bronze m\nts1 & ! co/ly silk ) :i* !y are cov]$1 r5d] !m attractive & give !m a value ( _! own4 ,! m ord9>y furniture1 h[ev]1 ( ! same /yle1 b )\t ^! decorative accessories1 is /iff1 unga9ly1 & uncom=table1 & seems to rem9d u ( a p]iod 9 ! hi/ory ( ,france :5 political & social di/urbance depriv$ ! arti/ic & pleasure-lov+ ,fr5*man ( 8 peace ( m9d1 di/ract+ 8 att5tion f ! c>eful consid]ation ( 8 "w4 ,x may be m5tion$ "h t1 9 ord] to supply a dem& :i* has lately aris51 *iefly 9 ,new ,york1 b also to "s ext5t 9 ,engl&1 = ! be/ ,empire furniture1 ! ,fr5* deal]s h b\ght up "s ( ! old undecorat$ pieces1 & by ornam5t+ !m ) gilt bronze m\nts1 ca/ f good old patt]ns1 h sold !m z orig9al examples ( ! meubles de luxe ( ! p]iod4 ,9 ,dut* furniture ( ?is "t "o sees ! reproduction ( ! ,napoleonic fa%ion--! cont9uation ( ! ,revolutioni/s' classicalism4 ,_m m>quet]ie secretaires1 tables1 *airs1 & o!r l articles1 are m\nt$ ) ! heads & feet ( animals1 ) lions' heads & sph9xes1 designs :i* c\ld h be5 d]iv$ f no o!r s\rce2 & ! g5]al design ( ! furniture loses its bomb =m1 & becomes rectangul> & sev]e4 ,:atev] difficulty !re may be 9 sometimes decid+ betwe5 ! designs ( ! ,l\is ,,xiv4 p]iod1 t[>ds its close1 & t ( ,l\is ,,xv41 !re c be no mi/ake ab\t l'epo* de la ,directoire & le /yle de l',empire4 ,^! are m>k$ & br&$ ) ! ,egyptian exp$ition1 & ! ,syrian campaign1 z legibly z if !y all bore ! famili> pla9 ,roman ,n1 surm\nt$ by a laurel wrea?1 or ! ,imp]ial eagle :i* _h s (t5 l$ ! ,fr5* legions to victory4 ,x is curi\s to notice h[ ,engl&1 ?\gh s bitt]ly oppos$ to ,napoleon1 caught ! infection ( ! dom9ant features ( design :i* 7 preval5t 9 ,france ab\t ?is "t4 ,illu/ration3 ,nelson's ,*airs4 ,designs ,publi%$ by ,t4 ,%]aton1 ,octob] #bi?1 #ahjf4 ,?us1 9 ,%]aton's book on ,furniture1 to :i* allusion has be5 made1 & f :i* illu/rations h be5 giv5 9 ! *apt] on ,*ipp5dale & 8 ,contempor>ies1 !re is evid5ce t1 z 9 ,france dur+ ! influ5ce ( ,m>ie ,anto9ette1 !re 0 a classical revival1 & ! l9es became /raight] & m sev]e = furniture1 s ?is alt]ation 0 adopt$ by ,%]aton1 ,%e>]1 & o!r ,engli% design]s at ! end ( ! c5tury4 ,b if we ref] to ,%]aton's lat] draw+s1 :i* are dat$ ab\t #ahjd to #ahjf1 we see ! con/ra9$ figures & heads & feet ( animals1 all br\ght into ! designs z %ewn 9 ! draw+ room *airs "h illu/rat$4 ,^! are unmi/akable signs ( ! ,fr5* ,empire influ5ce1 ! *ief diff]5ce betwe5 ! ,fr5* & ,engli% "w be+1 t1 :]eas 9 ,fr5* ,empire furniture ! excell5ce ( ! metal "w r$eems x f heav9ess or ugl9ess1 su* m]it 0 want+ 9 ,engl&1 :]e we h nev] excell$ 9 bronze "w1 ! ornam5t be+ g5]ally c>v$ 9 wood1 ei!r gilt or col\r$ bronze-gre54 ,:5 metal 0 us$ x 0 brass1 ca/ & fairly f9i%$ by ! *as]1 b mu* m clumsy ?an ! ,fr5* "w4 ,!re=e1 ! ,engli% furniture ( ! fir/ ye>s ( ! n9ete5? c5tury is /iff1 massive1 & heavy1 equally want+ 9 gracefulness ) its ,fr5* contempor>y1 & n hav+ ! comp5sat+ attractions ( f9e m\nt+1 or ! orig9ality & individuality :i* mu/ always add an int]e/ to ,napoleonic furniture4 ,illu/ration3 ,draw+ ,room ,*air4 ,design publi%$ by ,t4 ,%]aton1 ,april1 #ahjd4 ,illu/ration3 ,draw+ ,room ,*air4 ,design publi%$ by ,t4 ,%]aton1 ,april #a1 #ahjd4 ,!re 01 h[ev]1 made ab\t ?is "t by ,gill[1 to ^: e>li] "w ref]5ce has be5 made 9 ! previ\s *apt]1 "s excell5t furniture1 :i*1 :ile to "s ext5t foll[+ ! fa%ion ( ! day1 did s m reasonably4 ,! rosewood & mahogany tables1 *airs1 cab9ets & sidebo>ds ( 8 make1 inlaid ) scrolls & l9es ( flat brass1 & m\nt$ ) h&les & feet ( brass1 g5]ally repres5t+ ! heads & claws ( lions1 d great cr$it to ! ,engli% "w ( ?is "t4 ,! s(a table & sidebo>d1 illu/rat$ on ! previ\s page1 are ( ?is class1 & %ew t ,%]aton1 too1 design$ furniture ( a less pron\nc$ "*1 z well z ! heavi] k9d to :i* ref]5ce has be5 made4 ,illu/ration3 ,canopy ,b$ ,design ,publi%$ by ,t4 ,%]aton1 ,novemb] #i?1 #ahjc4 ,illu/ration3 ,si/]'s ,cyl9d] ,bookcase4 ,design$ by ,t4 ,%]aton1 #ahjb4 ,illu/ration3 ,sidebo>d1 ,9 ,mahogany1 ) ,brass ,rail & ,convex ,mirror at back1 ,design publi%$ by ,t4 ,%]aton1 #ahjb4 ,illu/ration3 ,s(a ,table1 ,design publi%$ by ,t4 ,%]aton1 #ahjd4 ,a v fav\rable example ( ! craze 9 ,engl& = classic design 9 furniture & decoration1 is %[n 9 ! reproduction ( a draw+ by ,?omas ,hope1 9 #ahjg1 a well-kn[n ar*itect ( ! "t1 9 :i* x w be obs]v$ t ! =ms & fa%ions ( "s ( ! *airs & tables1 describ$ & illu/rat$ 9 ! *apt] on ,anci5t ,furniture1 h be5 tak5 z models4 ,!re 7 sev]al mak]s ( fir/-class furniture1 ( :om ! names ( "s /ill survive 9 ! /yle & title ( firms ( ! pres5t day1 :o are _! successors1 :ile ^? ( o!rs h be5 =gott51 save by "s ( our old] manufactur]s & auctione]s1 :o1 :5 reque/$ by ! writ]1 h be5 good en\gh to look up old records & revive ! memories ( fifty ye>s ago4 ,( ^! ! be/ kn[n 0 ,?omas ,s$don1 :o came f ,man*e/] & settl$ 9 ,ald]sgate ,/reet4 ,8 two sons succe$$ to ! bus9ess1 became cab9et mak]s to ,george ,,iv41 & furni%$ & decorat$ ,w9dsor ,ca/le4 ,at ! ,k+'s dea? _! acc\nt 0 disput$1 & #cj1jjj 0 /ruck (f1 a loss :i* necessitat$ an arrangem5t ) _! cr$itors4 ,%ortly aft] ?is1 h[ev]1 !y took ! b>racks ( ! ,london ,light ,horse ,volunte]s 9 ! ,gray's ,inn ,road 7n[ ! ,hospital71 & c>ri$ on !re = a "t a v ext5sive bus9ess4 ,s$don's "w rank$ ) ,gill['s1 & !y %>$ ) t h\se ! be/ ord]s = furniture4 ,?omas ,s$don1 pa9t] ( ,ori5tal subjects1 :o di$ 9 #ahef1 & ,p4 ,s$don1 a well-kn[n ar*itect1 7 gr&sons ( ! orig9al f\nd] ( ! firm4 ,on ! dea? ( ! eld] bro!r1 ,?omas1 ! y\ng] "o !n transf]r$ 8 connection to ! firm ( ,john/one & ,jeanes1 9 ,bond ,/reet1 ano!r old h\se :i* /ill c>ries on bus9ess z ,john/one & ,norman1 & :o "s few ye>s ago execut$ a v extravagant ord] = an ,am]ican millionaire4 ,?is 0 a reproduction ( ,byzant9e designs 9 furniture ( c$>1 ebony1 ivory1 & pe>l1 made f draw+s by ,mr4 ,alma ,tadema1 ,r4,a4 ,illu/ration3 ,design ( a ,room1 9 ! ,classic ,/yle1 by ,?omas ,hope1 ,ar*itect1 ,9 #ahjg4 ,snell1 ( ,albem>le ,/reet1 _h be5 e/abli%$ e>ly 9 ! c5tury1 & obta9$ an excell5t reputation2 8 specialit 0 well-made bir* b$room suites1 b he also made furniture ( a g5]al description4 ,! pr$ecessor ( ! pres5t firm ( ,h[>d & ,son1 :o comm5c$ bus9ess 9 ,:ite*apel z e>ly z #ahjj1 & ! fir/ ,morant1 may all be m5tion$ z manufactur]s ( ! fir/ qu>t] ( ! c5tury4 ,some:at lat]1 ,trollopes1 ( ,p>liam5t ,/reet2 ,holl&1 :o _h succe$$ ,d[bigg9 7,gill['s appr5tice71 fir/ 9 ,great ,pult5ey ,/reet1 & subsequ5tly at ! firm's pres5t address2 ,wilk9son1 ( ,ludgate ,hill1 f\nd] ( ! pres5t firm ( uphol/]]s 9 ,bond ,/reet2 ,asp9wall1 ( ,grosv5or ,/reet2 ! second ,morant1 ( :om ! great ,duke ( ,well+ton made a p]sonal fri5d2 & ,grace1 a prom95t decorator ( great ta/e1 :o c>ri$ out _m ( ,pug9's ,go?ic designs1 7 all m5 ( good reputation4 ,miles & ,edw>ds1 ( ,ox=d ,/reet1 :om ,h9dleys succe$$1 7 also well kn[n = good middle-class furniture4 ,^! are "s ( ! be/ kn[n manufactur]s ( ! fir/ half ( ! pres5t c5tury1 & ?\gh until aft] ! great ,exhibition !re 01 z a rule1 little 9 ! designs to r5d] _! productions rem>kable1 ! "w ( ^? nam$ w be f\nd s\nd 9 con/ruction1 & free f ! faults :i* accompany ! *eap & %[y reproductions ( m pret5ti\s /yles :i* m>k s mu* ( ! furniture ( ! pres5t day4 ,) reg>d to ?is1 m w be said 9 ! next *apt]4 ,!re 0 !n a v limit$ m>ket = any b ! mo/ commonplace furniture4 ,our weal?y p b\ght ! productions ( ,fr5* cab9et mak]s1 ei!r made 9 ,p>is or by ,fr5*m5 :o came ov] to ,engl&1 & ! middle classes 7 cont5t ) ! mo/ ord9>y & useful articles4 ,if !y _h possess$ ! means !y c]ta9ly _h nei!r ! ta/e nor ! education to furni% m ambiti\sly4 ,! great ext5t ( suburbs :i* n[ surr\nd ! ,metropolis1 & :i* include su* numb]s ( exp5sive & extravagantly-fitt$ resid5ces ( m]*ants & tradesm51 did n !n exi/4 ,! latt] liv$ ov] _! %ops or w>eh\ses1 & ! =m] only aspir$ to a dull h\se 9 ,bloomsbury1 or1 l ,david ,copp]field's fa!r-9-law1 ,mr4 ,sp5l[1 a villa at ,norwood1 or p]haps a c\ntry resid5ce at ,hamp/ead or ,highgate4 ,9 #ahjh a design] & mak] ( furniture1 ,george ,smi? by "n1 :o held ! appo9tm5t ( ,uphold] extraord9>y to ,h4,r4,h4 ! ,pr9ce ( ,wales1 & c>ri$ on bus9ess at ,pr9cess ,/reet1 ,cav5di% ,squ>e1 produc$ a book ( designs1 #aeh 9 numb]1 publi%$ by ,wm4 ,taylor1 ( ,holborn4 ,^! include cornices1 w9d[ drap]y1 b$/eads1 tables1 *airs1 bookcases1 commodes1 & o!r furniture1 ! titles ( "s ( :i* occur = ab\t ! fir/ "t 9 our vocabul>ies1 hav+ be5 adapt$ f ! ,fr5*4 ,escritore1 j>d9i]e1 dejun tables1 *iffoni]s 7! spell+ copi$ f ,smi?'s book71 all be> ! impress ( ! pseudo-classic ta/e2 & 8 designs1 "s ( :i* are reproduc$1 %ew ! fa%ion ( our s-call$ arti/ic furniture 9 ,engl& at ! "t ( ! ,reg5cy4 ,mr4 ,smi?1 9 ! ,prelim9>y ,rem>ks prefac+ ! illu/rations1 gives u an idea ( ! prevail+ ta/e1 :i* x is in/ructive to p]use1 look+ back n[ "s ?ree-qu>t]s ( a c5tury3-- ,illu/ration3 ,libr>y ,fauteuil4 ,reproduc$ f ,smi?'s ,book ( ,designs1 publi%$ 9 #ahjd ,! foll[+ practical obs]vations on ! v>i\s woods employ$ 9 cab9et "w may be useful4 ,mahogany1 :5 us$ 9 h\ses ( consequ5ce1 %\ld be conf9$ to ! p>l\r & ! b$*amb] floors4 ,9 furniture = ^! ap>tm5ts ! less inlay ( o!r woods1 ! m *a/e w be ! /yle ( "w4 ,if ! wood be ( a f9e1 compact1 & bright quality1 ! ornam5ts may be c>v$ clean 9 ! mahogany4 ,:]e x may be requisite to make out panell+ by an inlay ( l9es1 let ^? l9es be ( brass or ebony4 ,9 draw+-rooms1 b\doirs1 ante-rooms1 ,ea/ & ,we/ ,india sat9 woods1 rosewood1 tulip wood1 & ! o!r v>ieties ( woods br\ght f ! ,ea/1 may be us$2 ) sat9 & light col\r$ woods ! decorations may be ( ebony or rosewood2 ) rosewood let ! decorations be ormolu1 & ! inlay ( brass4 ,bronze metal1 ?\gh sometimes us$ ) sat9 wood1 has a cold & poor effect3 x suits bett] on gilt "w1 & w answ] well en\gh on mahogany4 ,illu/ration3 ,p>lor ,*airs1 ,%ew+ ! ,inlay ( ,brass ref]r$ to4 ,f ,smi?'s ,book ( ,designs1 publi%$ #ahjh4 ,among/ ! designs publi%$ by him are "s few ( a subdu$ ,go?ic "*2 ^! are g5]ally c>v$ 9 light oak1 or pa9t$ light /one col\r1 & h1 9 "s cases1 h]aldic %ields1 ) cre/s & coats ( arms pick$ out 9 col\r4 ,!re are w9d[ seats pa9t$ to imitate m>ble1 ) ! ,roman or ,greco-,roman ornam5ts pa9t$ gre5 to repres5t bronze4 ,! mo/ unobjectionable are mahogany ) bronze gre5 ornam5ts4 ,( ! furniture ( ?is p]iod !re are sev]al pieces 9 ! ,mansion ,h\se1 9 ! ,city ( ,london1 :i* app>5tly 0 p>tly refurni%$ ab\t ! comm5cem5t ( ! c5tury4 ,illu/ration3 ,bookcase4 ,design ,publi%$ by ,t4 ,%]aton1 ,june #ab?1 #ahjf4 ,note4--,v simil> bookcases are 9 ! ,london ,mansion ,h\se4 ,9 ! ,c\rt ,room ( ! ,sk9n]s' ,company !re are tables :i* are n[ us$' ) ext5sions1 s z to =m a horse%oe table = committee meet+s4 ,!y are good examples ( ! heavy & solid c>v+ 9 mahogany1 e>ly 9 ! c5tury be=e ! fa%ion _h gone out ( repres5t+ ! heads & feet ( animals 9 ! designs ( furniture4 ,^! tables h massive legs1 ) lion's heads & claws1 c>v$ ) great skill & %ew+ mu* _s1 ! wood be+ ( ! be/ quality & ri* 9 color4 ,illu/ration3 ,draw+ ,room ,*airs 9 ,pr(ile4 ,f ,g4 ,smi?'s ,book1 publi%$ #ahjh4 ,e>ly ,victorian4 ,9 ! "w ( ! manufactur]s j enum]at$1 may be trac$ ! influ5ce ( ! ,empire /yle4 ,) ! re/oration1 h[ev]1 ( ! ,mon>*y 9 ,france came ! inevitable *ange 9 fa%ions1 & ,le /yle de l',empire 0 condemn$4 ,9 its place came a revival ( ! ,l\is ,qu9ze scrolls & curves1 b ) less "* & re/ra9t1 until ! /yle we "k z b>oque1 #ai or debas$ rococo1 came 94 ,ornam5t ( a florid & incongru\s "* 0 lavi%$ on decorative furniture1 indicative ( a ta/e = display r ?an = appropriate enri*m5t4 ,x _h be5 our ,engli% cu/om = "s long p]iod to take our fa%ions f ,france1 &1 !re=e1 ab\t ! "t ( ,william ,,iv4 & dur+ ! e>ly "p ( ! pres5t ,que5's reign1 ! furniture = our be/ h\ses 0 design$ & made 9 ! ,fr5* /yle4 ,9 ! ,music ,room at ,*atswor? are "s *airs & foot/ools us$ at ! "t ( ! ,coronation ( ,william ,,iv4 & ,que5 ,adelaide1 :i* h q ! appe>ance ( ,fr5* furniture4 ,! old fa%ion ( l9+ rooms ) oak panell+1 :i* has be5 notic$ 9 an e>li] *apt]1 _h und]gone a *ange :i* is wor? record+4 ,if ! illu/ration ( ! ,elizabe?an oak panell+1 z giv5 9 ! ,engli% section ( ,*apt] ,,iii41 be ref]r$ to1 x w be se5 t ! oak l9+ rea*es f ! floor to )9 ab\t two or ?ree feet ( ! cornice4 ,subsequ5tly ?is panell+ 0 divid$ into an upp] & a l[] "p1 ! =m] comm5c+ ab\t ! height ( ! back ( an ord9>y *air1 a m\ld+ or *air-rail =m+ a capp+ to ! l[] "p4 ,!n pictures came to be let into ! panell+2 & pres5tly ! upp] "p 0 disc>d$ & ! l[] wa9scot+ rema9$1 prop]ly t]m$ ! ,dado1#bj :i* we h se5 reviv$ bo? 9 wood & 9 v>i\s decorative mat]ials ( ! pres5t day4 ,dur+ ! p]iod we are n[ discuss+1 ?is arrangem5t lo/ fav\r 9 ! eyes ( our gr&fa!rs1 & ! l[e/ memb] only 0 reta9$1 :i* is n[ t]m$ ! skirt+ bo>d4 ,z we approa* a p]iod t our old] contempor>ies c rememb]1 x is v int]e/+ to turn ov] ! leaves ( ! back numb]s ( su* magaz9es & newspap]s z treat$ ( ! ,indu/rial ,arts4 ,! ,art ,union1 :i* *ang$ its title to ! ,art ,j\rnal 9 #ahdi1 _h !n be5 9 exi/5ce = ab\t t5 ye>s1 & _h done good "w 9 promot+ ! enc\ragem5t ( ,art & manufactures4 ,! ,society ( ,arts _h be5 =m$ 9 ,london z long ago z #agef1 & _h giv5 prizes = designs & me?ods ( improv+ diff]5t processes ( manufacture4 ,exhibitions ( ! specim5s s5t 9 = competition = ! aw>ds 71 & are /ill1 held at _! h\se 9 ,adelphi ,build+s4 ,old volumes ( ,transactions ( ! ,society are qua9t works ( ref]5ce ) reg>d to ^! exhibitions4 ,ab\t #ahdj1 ,mr41 aft]w>ds ,sir1 ,*>les ,b>ry1 ,r4,a41 _h design$ & comm5c$ ! pres5t1 or1 z x 0 !n call$1 ! ,new ,palace ( ,we/m9/]1 &1 foll[+ ! ,go?ic "* ( ! build+1 ! furniture & fitt+s 7 naturally ( a design to h>monize ) :at 0 !n q a dep>ture f ! heavy ar*itectural ta/e ( ! day4 ,mr4 ,b>ry 0 ! fir/ 9 ?is pres5t c5tury to leave ! beat5 track1 al?\gh ! ,re=m & ,travell]s' ,clubs _h already be5 design$ by him on m classic l9es4 ,! ,speak]'s *air 9 ! ,h\se ( ,commons is evid5tly design$ aft] "o ( ! fifte5? c5tury canopi$ seats1 :i* h be5 notic$ & illu/rat$ 9 ! second *apt]2 & ! l95 scroll patt]n panels c be c\nt$ by ! ?\s& 9 ! ,h\ses ( ,p>liam5t & ! diff]5t (ficial resid5ces :i* =m "p ( ! ,palace4 ,! "* ( ! "w is subdu$ & n flamboyant1 is excell5t 9 design & workman%ip1 & is highly cr$itable1 :5 we take into consid]ation ! v l[ /ate ( ,art 9 ,engl& fifty ye>s ago4 ,?is want ( ta/e 0 v mu* discuss$ 9 ! p]iodicals ( ! day1 &1 yield+ to express$ public op9ion1 ,gov]nm5t _h 9 #ahdj-a appo9t$ a ,select ,committee to take into consid]ation ! promotion ( ! f9e ,arts 9 ! c\ntry1 ,mr4 ,*>les ,b>ry1 ,mr4 ,ea/lake1 & ,sir ,m>t9 ,%ee1 ,r4,a41 be+ among/ ! witnesses exam9$4 ,! report ( ?is ,committee1 9 #ahda1 conta9$ ! op9ion ,t su* an important & ,national "w z ! erection ( ! two ,h\ses ( ,p>liam5t af=ds an opportunity :i* ought n to be neglect$ ( enc\rag+1 n only ! high]1 b e subord9ate bran* ( f9e ,art 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,mr4 ,augu/us ,welby ,pug9 0 a well-kn[n design] ( ! ,go?ic /yle ( furniture ( ?is "t4 ,born 9 #ahaa1 he _h publi%$ 9 #ahce 8 ,designs = ,go?ic ,furniture1 & lat] 8 ,gloss>y ( ,ecclesia/ical ,ornam5t & ,co/ume2 & by skilful application ( 8 k to ! decorations ( ! diff]5t ecclesia/ical build+s he design$1 8 reputation became e/abli%$4 ,"o ( 8 designs is "h reproduc$4 ,pug9's "w & reputation h surviv$1 not)/&+ ! furi\s opposition he met ) at ! "t4 ,9 a review ( "o ( 8 books1 9 ! ,art ,union ( #ahci1 ! foll[+ s5t5ce completes ! criticism3--,z x is a common occurr5ce 9 life to f9d g5ius mi/ak5 = madness1 s does x sometimes happ5 t a madman is mi/ak5 = a g5ius4 ,mr4 ,welby ,pug9 has (t5times appe>$ to u to be a case 9 po9t4 ,illu/ration3 ,prie-dieu1 ,9 ,c>v$ ,oak1 enri*$ ) ,pa9t+ & ,gild+4 ,design$ by ,mr4 ,pug91 & manufactur$ by ,mr4 ,crace1 ,london4 ,at ?is "t furniture design & manufacture1 z an ,indu/rial ,art 9 ,engl&1 seems to h attract$ no att5tion :atev]4 ,!re are b few allusions to ! design ( decorative woodwork 9 ! p]iodicals ( ! day2 & ! auctione]s' adv]tisem5ts--) a few notable exceptions1 l t ( ! ,/rawb]ry ,hill ,collection ( ,horace ,walpole1 gave no descriptions2 no p>ticul> int]e/ 9 ! subject appe>s to h be5 manife/$1 save by a v limit$ numb] ( ! dilettanti1 :o1 l ,walpole1 collect$ ! curios & cab9ets ( two or ?ree hundr$ ye>s ago4 ,illu/ration3 ,secretaire ,& ,bookcase1 ,9 ,c>v$ ,oak1 9 ! /yle ( ,g]man ,go?ic4 7,f ,draw+ by ,pr(essor ,heidel(f1 ,publi%$ 9 ! ,art ,union1 #ahaf47 ,york ,h\se 0 r$ecorat$ & furni%$ ab\t ?is "t1 & z x is describ$ z ,excell+ any o!r dwell+ ( its own class 9 regal magnific5ce & vie+ ) ! ,royal ,palaces ( ,europe1 we may take note ( an acc\nt ( its re-equipm5t1 writt5 9 #ahda = ! ,art ,j\rnal4 ,?is notice speaks little = ! ta/e ( ! p]iod1 & less = ! k & grasp ( ! subject by ! writ] ( an ,art critique ( ! day3--,! furniture g5]ally is ( no p>ticul> /yle1 b1 on ! :ole1 !re is to be f\nd a m+l+ ( ev]y?+1 9 ! be/ mann] ( ! be/ epo*s ( ta/e4 ,writ+ fur!r on ( ! ottoman c\*es1 causeuses1 etc41 ! critic goes on to tell ( an alt]ation 9 fa%ion :i* _h evid5tly j tak5 place3--,"s ( !m1 9 place ( pla9 or c>v$ rosewood or mahogany1 are ornam5t$ 9 :ite enamel1 ) classic subjects 9 bas-relief ( p]fect execution4 ,t[>ds ! close ( ! p]iod embrac$ by ! limits ( ?is *apt]1 ! em95t firm ( ,jackson & ,graham 7 mak+ headway1 a ,fr5* design] nam$ ,prignot be+ ( consid]able assi/ance 9 e/abli%+ _! reputation = ta/e2 & 9 ! ,exhibition :i* 0 soon to take place1 ?is firm took a v prom95t position4 ,coll9son & ,lock1 :o h rec5tly acquir$ ?is firm's premises & bus9ess1 7 bo? br\ght up 9 ! h\se z "y m51 & left "s ?irty odd ye>s ago = ,h]r+s1 ( ,fleet ,/reet1 :om !y succe$$ ab\t #ahgj4 ,ano!r well-kn[n decorator :o design$ & manufactur$ furniture ( good quality 0 ,leon>d ,william ,collmann1 fir/ ( ,b\v]ie ,/reet & lat] ( ,george ,/reet1 ,portman ,squ>e4 ,he 0 a pupil ( ,sydney ,smirke1 ,r4,a4 7:o design$ & built ! ,c>lton & ! ,cons]vative ,clubs71 & 0 himself an excell5t draughtsman1 & c>ri$ out ! decoration & furni%+ ( _m public build+s1 ,london clubs1 & mansions ( ! nobility & g5try4 ,8 son is at pres5t ,director ( ,decorations to ,h] ,maje/y at ,w9dsor ,ca/le4 ,collmann's designs 7 occasionally ,go?ic1 b g5]ally classic4 ,!re is evid5ce ( ! want ( int]e/ 9 ! subject ( furniture 9 ! auctione]s' catalogues ( ! day4 ,by ! c\rtesy ( ,messrs4 ,*ri/ie & ,manson1 ! writ] has _h access to ! records ( ?is old firm1 & two or ?ree in/ances ( sales ( furniture may be giv54 ,:ile ! catalogues ( ! ,picture sales ( #ahcj-dj 7 pr9t$ on pap] ( qu>to size1 & ! subjects describ$ at l5g?1 ^? ( ,furniture are ( ! old-fa%ion$ small octavo size1 resembl+ ! catalogue ( a small c\ntry auctione] ( ! pres5t day1 & ! pr9t$ descriptions r>ely exce$ a s+le l9e4 ,! prices v r>ely am\nt to m ?an #aj2 ! :ole proce$s ( a day's sale 7 (t5 less ?an #ajj1 & sometimes did n rea* #ej4 ,at ! sale ( ,rosslyn ,h\se1 ,hamp/ead1 9 #ahcj1 a mansion ( consid]able importance1 ! highe/-pric$ article 0 ,a capital maghogany p$e/al sidebo>d1 ) hot closet1 cell>et1 #b plate draw]s1 & flut$ legs1 :i* br\ght #cb4 ,at ! sale ( ! prop]ty ( ,a man ( ,fa%ion1 a m>quet]ie cab9et1 inlaid ) trophies1 ! panels ( ,svres *9a1 m\nt$ 9 ormolu1 sold = tw5ty-five gu9eas2 & a ,reis5] 7sic7 table1 beautifully inlaid ) fl[]s1 & draw]s1 :i* appe>s to h be5 res]v$ at n9e gu9eas1 0 b\ght 9 at eight-&-a-half gu9eas4 ,frequ5t]s ( ,*ri/ie's ( ! pres5t day :o h se5 su* furniture realize z _m p\nds z ! %ill+s includ$ 9 su* sums1 w appreciate ! enorm\sly increas$ value ( really good old ,fr5* furniture4 ,p]haps ! mo/ noticeable comp>ison betwe5 ! pres5t day & t ( half-a-c5tury ago may be made 9 read+ ?r\gh ! prices ( ! great sale at ,/[e ,h\se1 9 #ahdh1 :5 ! f9ancial difficulties ( ! ,duke ( ,buck+ham caus$ ! sale by auction :i* la/$ ?irty-sev5 days1 & realis$ upw>ds ( #ga1jjj1 ! proce$s ( ! furniture am\nt+ to #bg1aeb4 ,we h se5 9 ! notice ( ,fr5* furniture t armoires by ,b\le h1 dur+ ! pa/ few ye>s1 br\ght f #d1jjj to #f1jjj ea* "u ! hamm]1 & ! want ( appreciation ( ?is "w1 probably ! mo/ arti/ic ev] produc$ by design] & craftsman1 is suffici5tly exemplifi$ by ! /atem5t t at ! ,/[e sale two ( ,b\le's fam\s armoires1 ( simil> proportions to ^? 9 ! ,hamilton ,palace & ,jones ,collections1 7 sold = #ba & #ai #hs4 #f;d4 respectively4 ,we are accu/om$ n[ to see ! bids at ,*ri/ie's advance by gu9eas1 by fives & by t5s2 & x is amus+ to read 9 ^! old catalogues ( m>quet]ie tables1 sat9 wood cab9ets1 rosewood pi] tables1 & o!r articles ( ornam5tal furniture1 z x 0 t]m$1 be+ knock$ d[n to ,t[n & ,emanuel1 ,webb1 ,morant1 ,hit*cock1 ,raldock1 ,=re/1 ,r$fe>n1 ,lit*field 7! writ]'s fa!r71 & o!rs :o 7 ! buy]s & regul> att5dants at ,*ri/ie's 7aft]w>ds ,*ri/ie & ,manson7 ( #ahcj to #ahde1 = su* sums z #fs41 #aes41 & occasionally #aj or #ae4 ,a s+le quotation is giv51 b _m su* are to be f\nd3--,sale on ,febru>y #be? & #bf?1 #ahda4 ,lot #ca4 ,a small oval table1 ) a piece ( ,svres porcela9 pa9t$ ) fl[]s4 #fs4 ,x is pleasant to rememb]1 z "s exception to ?is g5]al want ( int]e/ 9 ! subject1 t 9 #ahdc !re 0 held at ,gore ,h\se1 ,k5s+ton1 !n ! fa%ionable resid5ce ( ,lady ,bless+ton1 an exhibition ( old furniture2 & a s]ies ( lectures1 illu/rat$ by ! contributions1 0 giv5 by ,mr41 n[ ,sir1 ,j4,c4 ,rob9son4 ,! ,v5etian ,/ate *air1 illu/rat$ on p4 #eg1 0 among/ ! examples l5t by ! ,que5 on t occasion4 ,specim5s ( ,b\le's "w & "s good pieces ( ,italian ,r5aissance 7 also exhibit$4 ,a great _m ( ! old] ,club h\ses ( ,london 7 built & furni%$ betwe5 #ahac & #ahea1 ! ,gu>ds' be+ ( ! e>li] date1 & ! ,army & ,navy ( ! latt]2 & dur+ ! int]v5+ ?irty odd ye>s ! ,unit$ ,s]vice1 ,travell]s'1 ,union1 ,unit$ ,univ]sity1 ,a!naeum1 ,ori5tal1 ,wyndham1 ,ox=d & ,cambridge1 ,re=m1 ,c>lton1 ,g>rick1 ,cons]vative1 & "s o!rs 7 erect$ & fitt$ up4 ,_m ( ^! /ill reta9 mu* ( ! furniture ( ,gill[s1 ,s$dons1 & "s ( ! o!r manufactur]s ( ! "t ^: "w has be5 allud$ to1 & ^! are fav\rable examples ( ! be/ k9d ( cab9et "w done 9 ,engl& dur+ ! reign ( ,george ,,iv41 ,william ,,iv41 & t ( ! e>ly "p ( ,que5 ,victoria4 ,x is wor? record+1 too1 t dur+ ?is p]iod1 /eam p[]1 :i* _h be5 fir/ appli$ to ma*9]y ab\t #ahae1 came into m g5]al use 9 ! manufacture ( furniture1 & ) its adoption !re seems to h be5 a gradual ab&onm5t ( ! appr5tice%ip sy/em 9 ! factories & work%ops ( our c\ntry2 & ! pres5t piece "w arrangem5t1 :i* _h obta9$ m or less s9ce ! ,engli% cab9et mak]s _h br\ght out _! ,book ( ,prices "s ye>s previ\sly1 became g5]ally ! cu/om ( ! trade1 9 place ( ! old] day "w ( a =m] g5]ation4 ,illu/ration3 ,cradle1 ,9 ,boxwood1 = ,h4,m4 ! ,que54 ,design$ & ,c>v$ by ,h4 ,rog]s1 ,london4 ,9 ,france ! success ( national exhibitions _h become assur$1 ! exhibitors hav+ increas$ f only #aaj :5 ! fir/ exp]im5t 0 tri$ 9 #agih1 by leaps & b\nds1 until at ! elev5? exhibition1 9 #ahdi1 !re 7 #d1did entries4 ,! ,art ,j\rnal ( t ye> gives u a good illu/rat$ notice ( "s ( ! exhibits1 & devotes an article to po9t+ out ! advantages to be ga9$ by some?+ ( ! k9d tak+ place 9 ,engl&4 ,f #ahbg onw>ds we _h e/abli%$ local exhibitions 9 ,dubl91 ,le$s1 & ,man*e/]4 ,! fir/ "t a special build+ 0 devot$ to exhibition ( manufactures 0 at ,birm+ham 9 #ahdi2 & f ! illu/rat$ review ( ?is 9 ! ,art ,j\rnal "o c see !re 0 a desire on ! "p ( our design]s & manufactur]s to /rike out 9 new directions & make progress4 ,we are able to reproduce "s ( ! designs ( furniture ( ?is p]iod2 & 9 ! cradle1 design$ & c>v$ 9 ,turkey-boxwood1 = ! ,que51 by ,mr4 ,h>ry ,rog]s1 we h a f9e piece ( "w1 :i* w\ld n h disgrac$ ! latt] p]iod ( ! ,r5aissance4 ,inde$1 ,mr4 ,rog]s 0 a v notable design] & c>v] ( ?is "t2 he _h introduc$ 8 fam\s boxwood c>v+s ab\t sev5 ye>s previ\sly4 ,illu/ration3 ,design = a ,tea ,caddy1 ,by ,j4 ,/rudwick1 = ,inlay+ & ,ivory4 ,publi%$ z "o ( ! ,orig9al ,designs = ,manufactur]s 9 ,art ,j\rnal1 #ahbi4 ,! cradle 0 also1 by ! ,que5's comm&1 s5t to ! ,exhibition1 & x may be wor? :ile quot+ ! arti/'s description ( ! c>v+3--,9 mak+ ! design = ! cradle x 0 my int5tion t ! entire object %\ld symbolize ! union ( ! ,royal ,h\ses ( ,engl& ) t ( ,saxe-,coburg & ,go!1 &1 ) ?is view1 ,i arrang$ t "o end %\ld exhibit ! ,arms & national motto ( ,engl&1 & ! o!r ^? ( ,h4,r4,h4 ,pr9ce ,alb]t4 ,! inscription1 ',anno1 #ahej1' 0 plac$ betwe5 ! dolph9s by ,h] ,maje/y's special comm&4 ,illu/ration3 ,design = ,"o ( ! ,w+s ( a ,sidebo>d1 ,by ,w4 ,holmes4 ,exhibit$ at ! ,society ( ,art 9 #ahah1 & publi%$ by ! ,art ,j\rnal 9 #ahbi4 ,9 a criticism ( ?is excell5t specim5 ( "w1 ! ,art ,j\rnal ( ! "t said3--,we believe ! cradle to be "o ( ! mo/ important examples ( ! art ( wood c>v+ ev] execut$ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,rog]s 0 also a writ] ( consid]able ability on ! /yles ( ornam5t2 & !re are sev]al contributions f 8 p5 to ! p]iodicals ( ! day1 besides designs :i* 7 publi%$ 9 ! ,art ,j\rnal "u ! head+ ( ,orig9al ,designs = ,manufactur]s4 ,^! articles appe>$ occasionally1 & conta9$ _m excell5t sugge/ions = manufactur]s & c>v]s1 among/ o!rs1 ! draw+s ( ,h4 ,fitzcook1 "o ( ^: designs = a "w table we are able to reproduce4 ,o!r m or less con/ant contributors ( orig9al designs = furniture 7 ,j4 ,/rudwick & ,w4 ,holmes1 a design f ! p5cil ( ea* ( :om is giv54 ,illu/ration3 ,design = a ,"w ,table1 ,by ,h4 ,fitzcook4 ,publi%$ z "o ( ! ,orig9al ,designs = ,manufactur]s 9 ! ,art ,j\rnal1 #ahej4 ,b ?\gh "h & !re 9 ,engl& good design]s came to ! front1 z a g5]al rule ! art ( design 9 furniture & decorative woodwork 0 at a v l[ ebb ab\t ?is "t4 ,9 furniture1 /raight l9es & simple curves may be pla9 & un9t]e/+1 b !y are by no means s objectionable z ! ov] ornam5tation ( ! debas$ rococo /yle1 :i* obta9$ 9 ?is c\ntry ab\t =ty ye>s ago2 & if ! scrolls & fl[]s1 ! %ells & rockwork1 :i* ornam5t$ mirror frames1 sidebo>d backs1 s(as1 & *airs1 7 debas$ 9 /yle1 ev5 :5 c>efully c>v$ 9 wood1 ! effect 0 inf9itely worse :51 = ! sake ( economy1 z 0 ! case ) ! h\ses ( ! middle classes1 ?is elaborate & lab\r$ enri*m5t 0 execut$ 9 ! fa%ionable /ucco ( ! day4 ,l>ge mirrors1 ) gilt frames ( ?is mat]ial1 held ! places ( hon\r on ! m>ble *imney piece1 & on ! console1 or pi] table1 :i* 0 also ( gilt /ucco1 ) a m>ble slab4 ,! *effoni]1 ) its %elves hav+ scroll supports l an elaborate ,s1 & a mirror at ! back1 ) a scroll$ frame1 0 a fav\rite article ( furniture4 ,c>pets 7 badly design$1 & l\d & vulg> 9 col\r+2 *airs1 on acc\nt ( ! %ape & ornam5t 9 vogue1 7 unfitt$ = _! purpose1 on acc\nt ( ! wood be+ cut across ! gra92 ! fire-scre51 9 a c>v$ rosewood frame1 conta9$ ! c>icature1 9 ne$lework1 ( a spaniel1 or a family gr\p ( ! "t1 ugly en\gh to be 9 keep+ ) its surr\nd+s4 ,! d9+ room 0 sombre & heavy4 ,! p$e/al sidebo>d1 ) a l>ge mirror 9 a scroll$ frame at ! back1 _h come 92 ! *airs 7 massive & ugly survivals ( ! e>li] reproductions ( ! ,greek patt]ns1 &1 ?\gh solid & sub/antial1 ! effect 0 nei!r *e]+ nor ref9+4 ,9 ! b$rooms 7 w+$ w>drobes & *e/s ( draw]s2 dress+ tables & wa%/&s1 ) scroll$ legs1 ne>ly always 9 mahogany2 ! old f\r-po/] _h giv5 way to ! ,arabian or ,fr5* b$/ead1 & ?is 0 be+ gradually replac$ by ! iron or brass b$/eads1 :i* came 9 aft] ! ,exhibition _h %ewn p ! advantages ( ! lightness & cleanl9ess ( ^! mat]ials4 ,9 a ^w1 f ! e>ly "p ( ! pres5t c5tury1 until ! impetus giv5 to ,art by ! great ,exhibition _h _h "t to take effect1 ! g5]al ta/e 9 furni%+ h\ses ( all b a v few p]sons1 0 at ab\t its wor/4 ,9 o!r c\ntries ! rococo ta/e _h also tak5 hold4 ,france su/a9$ a high] /&>d ?an ,engl&1 & su* figure "w z 0 introduc$ into furniture 0 bett] execut$1 ?\gh h] jo9]y 0 inf]ior4 ,9 ,italy old models ( ! ,r5aissance /ill s]v$ z examples = reproduction1 b ! ornam5t became m c>elessly c>v$ & ! decoration less consid]$4 ,ivory inlay+ 0 l>gely execut$ 9 ,milan & ,v5ice2 mosaics ( m>ble 7 specialites ( ,rome & ( ,flor5ce1 & 7 mu* appli$ to ! decoration ( cab9ets2 ,v5ice 0 busy manufactur+ c>v$ walnutwood furniture 9 buffets1 cab9ets1 ,negro page boys1 elaborately pa9t$ & gilt1 & c>v$ mirror frames1 ! *ief ornam5ts ( :i* 7 cupids & foliage4 ,italian c>v+ has always be5 free & spirit$1 ! figures h nev] be5 want+ 9 grace1 &1 ?\gh by comp>ison ) ! "t ( ! ,r5aissance !re is a great fall+ (f1 /ill1 ! "w execut$ 9 ,italy dur+ ! pres5t c5tury has be5 ( consid]able m]it z reg>ds ornam5t1 ?\gh ?is has be5 ov]done4 ,9 con/ruction & jo9]y1 h[ev]1 ! ,italian "w has be5 v inf]ior4 ,cab9ets ( great pret5sion & elaborate ornam5t1 inlaid p]haps ) ivory1 lapislazuli1 or m>bles1 are s imp]fectly made t "o w\ld ?9k ornam5t1 & c]ta9ly n durability1 _h be5 ! object ( ! produc]4 ,9 ,antw]p1 ,brussels1 ,liege1 & o!r ,flemi% ,art c5tres1 ! ,s*ool ( ,wood ,c>v+1 :i* came 9 ) ! ,r5aissance1 appe>s to h be5 ma9ta9$ ) m or less excell5ce4 ,) ! increas$ quality ( ! c>v$ woodwork manufactur$1 !re 0 a proportion ( ill-f9i%$ & ov]-ornam5t$ "w produc$2 & al?\gh1 z has be5 be=e obs]v$1 ! manufacture ( *eap m>quet]ie 9 ,am/]dam & o!r ,dut* cities 0 br++ ! "n ( ,dut* furniture into ill-repute--/ill1 s f> z ! writ]'s obs]vations h gone1 ! ,flemi% wood-c>v] appe>s to h be51 at ! "t n[ "u consid]ation1 ahead ( 8 fell[ craftsm5 9 ,europe2 & :5 9 ! ensu+ *apt] we come to notice "s ( ! repres5tative exhibits 9 ! great ,int]national ,competition ( #ahea1 x w be se5 t ! ,antw]p design] & c>v] 0 c]ta9ly 9 ! =emo/ rank4 ,9 ,au/ria1 too1 "s good cab9et "w 0 be+ c>ri$ out1 ,m4 ,lei/l]1 ( ,vi5na1 hav+ at ! "t a high reputation4 ,9 ,p>is ! h\se ( ,f\rd9ois 0 mak+ a "n :i*1 9 subsequ5t exhibitions1 we %all see took a lead+ place among/ ! design]s & manufactur]s ( decorative furniture4 ,engl&1 x has be5 obs]v$1 0 suff]+ f languor 9 ,art indu/ry4 ,! excell5t designs ( ! ,adams & _! s*ool1 :i* obta9$ e>ly 9 ! c5tury1 _h be5 supplant$1 & a mean+less rococo /yle succe$$ ! heavy imitations ( ,fr5* pseudo-classic furniture4 ,in/ead (1 z 9 ! e>li] & m ta/eful p]iods1 :5 ar*itects _h design$ woodwork & furniture to accord ) ! /yle ( _! build+s1 !y appe> to h !n1 z a g5]al rule1 ab&on$ ! control ( ! decoration ( int]iors1 & ! result 0 "o :i*--:5 we exam9e our ,national furniture ( half a c5tury ago--has n left u mu* to be pr\d (1 z an arti/ic & indu/ri\s p4 ,"s notice has be5 tak5 ( ! appreciation ( ?is unsatisfactory /ate ( ?+s by ! ,gov]nm5t ( ! "t1 & by ! ,press2 &1 z ) a k ( our defici5cy1 came ! desire & ! en]gy to br+ ab\t its rem$y1 we %all see t1 ) ! ,exhibition ( #ahea1 & ! int]c\rse & ! desire to improve1 :i* naturally foll[$ t great & successful ef=t1 our design]s & craftsm5 pr(it$ by ! great /imulus :i* ,art & ,indu/ry !n receiv$4 ,illu/ration3 ,v5etian ,/ool ( ,c>v$ ,walnut ,wood4 ,illu/ration3 ,sidebo>d 9 ,c>v$ ,oak1 ) ,cell>et4 ,design$ & ,manufactur$ by ,mr4 ,gill[1 ,london4 #ahea ,exhibition4 ,illu/ration3 ,*imneypiece & ,bookcase4 ,9 c>v$ walnut wood ) color$ m>bles inlaid & doors ( p]=at$ brass4 ,design$ ,by ,mr4 ,t4 ,r4 ,macquoid1 ,ar*itect1 & ,manufactur$ by ,messrs4 ,holl& ,sons4 ,london1 #ahea ,exhibition4 ,illu/ration3 ,cab9et 9 ! ,m$iaeval ,/yle4 ,design$ & ,manufactur$ by ,mr4 ,grace1 ,london4 #ahea ,exhibition4 ,illu/ration3 ,bookcase 9 ,c>v$ ,wood4 ,design$ & ,manufactur$ by ,messrs4 ,jackson ,graham1 ,london1 #ahea ,exhibition4 ,illu/ration3 ,gr& ,pian(orte4 ,9 ,ebony inlaid1 & enri*$ ) ,gold 9 relief4 ,design$ & ,manufactur$ by ,messrs4 ,broadwood1 ,london4 #ahea ,exhibition ,*apt] ,,ix4 ,f #ahea to ! ,pres5t ,"t4 ,,! ,,great ,,exhibition3 ,exhibitors & contempor>y ,cab9et ,mak]s--,exhibition ( #ahfb1 ,london2 #ahfg1 ,p>is2 & subsequ5tly--,description ( ,illu/rations--,f\rd9ois1 ,wright1 & ,mansfield--,! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum--,revival ( ,m>quetry--,comp>ison ( ,pres5t ,day ) t ( a ,hundr$ ,ye>s ago--/heticism--,traditions--,trades-,un ionism--,! ,arts & ,crafts ,exhibition ,society--,indep5d5ce ( ,furniture--,pres5t ,fa%ions--,writ]s on ,design--,mod]n ,furniture 9 o!r ,c\ntries--,conclud+ ,rem>ks4 ,illu/ration ,9 ! previ\s *apt] att5tion has be5 call$ to ! success ( ! ,national ,exhibition 9 ,p>is ( #ahdi2 9 ! same ye> ! competition ( our manufactur]s at ,birm+ham gave an impetus to ,indu/rial ,art 9 ,engl&1 & !re 0 ab\t ?is "t a g5]al =w>d movem5t1 ) a desire = an ,int]national ,exhibition on a gr& scale4 ,articles advocat+ su* a /ep appe>$ 9 newspap]s & p]iodicals ( ! "t1 &1 aft] mu* difficulty1 & _m delays1 a committee = ! promotion ( ?is object 0 =m$4 ,?is result$ 9 ! appo9tm5t ( a ,royal ,commission1 & ! ,pr9ce ,consort1 z ,presid5t ( ?is ,commission1 took ! greate/ p]sonal int]e/ 9 e arrangem5t = ?is great ent]prise4 ,inde$1 !re c be no d\bt1 t ! success :i* cr[n$ ! "w 01 9 a great measure1 due to 8 ta/e1 pati5ce1 & excell5t bus9ess capacity4 ,x is no "p ( our task to record all ! details ( an und]tak+ :i*1 at ! "t1 0 a burn+ "q ( ! day1 b z we _c b look ^u ?is ,exhibition ( #ahea z "o ( ! l&m>ks 9 ! hi/ory ( furniture1 x is wor? :ile to recall "s p>ticul>s ( its g5esis & accompli%m5t4 ,! idea ( ! ,exhibition ( #ahea is said to h be5 orig9ally due to ,mr4 ,f4 ,:i%aw1 ,secret>y ( ! ,society ( ,arts1 z e>ly z #ahdd1 b no active /eps 7 tak5 until #ahdi1 :5 ! ,pr9ce ,consort1 :o 0 ,presid5t ( ! ,society1 took ! matt] up v w>mly4 ,8 spee* at "o ( ! meet+s conta9$ ! foll[+ s5t5ce3-- ,n[ is ! "t to prep>e = a great ,exhibition--an ,exhibition wor?y ( ! greatness ( ?is c\ntry1 n m]ely national 9 its scope & b5efits1 b compreh5sive ( ! :ole _w2 & ,i (f] myself to ! public z _! lead]1 if !y are will+ to assi/ 9 ! und]tak+4 ,illu/ration3 ,lady's ,escritoire1 ,9 ,:ite ,wood1 ,c>v$ ) ,ru/ic ,figures4 ,design$ & ,manufactur$ by ,m4 ,wettli1 ,b]ne1 ,switz]l&4 #ahea ,exhibition1 ,london4 ,to ,mr4 7aft]w>ds ,sir7 ,joseph ,paxton1 !n head g>d5] to ! ,duke ( ,devon%ire1 ! g5]al idea ( ! fam\s glass & iron build+ is due4 ,an ent]pris+ firm ( contractors4 ,messrs4 ,fox & ,h5d]son1 7 entru/$ ) ! "w2 a gu>antee fund ( "s #bcj1jjj 0 rais$ by public subscriptions2 & ! great ,exhibition 0 op5$ by ,h] ,maje/y on ! #a/ ( ,may1 #ahea4 ,at a civic banquet 9 hon\r ( ! ev5t1 ! ,pr9ce ,consort v aptly describ$ ! object ( ! great exp]im5t3--,! ,exhibition ( #ahea w\ld af=d a true te/ ( ! po9t ( developm5t at :i* ! :ole ( mank9d _h arriv$ 9 ?is great task1 & a new />t+ po9t f :i* all nations w\ld be able to direct _! fur!r ex]tions4 ,! numb] ( exhibitors 0 "s #ag1jjj1 ( :om ov] #c1jjj receiv$ prize & c\ncil m$als2 & ! (ficial catalogue1 compil$ by ,mr4 ,scott ,russell1 ! secret>y1 conta9s a great _m p>ticul>s :i* are in/ructive read+1 :5 we comp>e ! "w ( _m ( ! firms ( manufactur]s1 ^: exhibits are !re9 describ$1 ) _! "w ( ! pres5t day4 ,! ,art ,j\rnal publi%$ a special volume1 entitl$ ,! ,art ,j\rnal ,illu/rat$ ,catalogue1 ) woodcuts ( ! m important exhibits1 &1 by ! c\rtesy ( ! proprietors1 a small selection is reproduc$1 :i* w give ! read] an idea ( ! design ( furniture1 bo? 9 ,engl& & ! *ief ,cont95tal indu/rial c5tres at t "t4 ,) reg>d to ! exhibits ( ,engli% firms1 ( :i* ^! illu/rations include examples1 little requires to be said1 9 addition to ! rem>ks already made 9 ! prec$+ *apt]1 ( _! "w previ\s to ! ,exhibition4 ,"o ( ! illu/rations1 h[ev]1 may be fur!r allud$ to1 s9ce ! *anges 9 =m & "* ( ! ,pian(orte is ( "s importance 9 ! consid]ation ( ! design ( furniture4 ,messrs4 ,broadwood's ,gr& ,pian(orte 7illu/rat$7 0 a ri* example ( decorative woodwork 9 ebony & gold1 & may be comp>$ ) ! illu/ration on p4 #agb ( a h>psi*ord1 :i* ! ,piano _h replac$ ab\t #agfg1 & :i* at & s9ce ! "t ( ! #ahea ,exhibition supplies evid5ce ( ! increas$ att5tion devot$ to decorative furniture4 ,9 ! ,app5dix w be f\nd a %ort notice ( ! diff]5t phases ?r\gh :i* ! ev]-pres5t piano has pass$1 f ! virg9al1 or sp9ette--( :i* an illu/ration w be f\nd 9 ,a ,sixte5? ,c5tury ,room1 9 ,*apt] ,,iii4--d[n to ! late/ developm5t ( ! decoration ( ! case ( ! in/rum5t by lead+ arti/s ( ! pres5t day4 ,mr4 ,rose1 ( ,messrs4 ,broadwood1 ^: firm 0 e/abli%$ at ?is pres5t address 9 #agcb1 has be5 good en\gh to supply ! au?or ) ! p>ticul>s = ?is notice4 ,o!r illu/rations1 tak5 f ! exhibits ( =eign cab9et mak]s1 z well z ^? ( our ,engli% manufactur]s1 h be5 select$1 be+ fairly repres5tative ( ! "w ( ! "t1 r ?an on acc\nt ( _! own intr9sic excell5ce4 ,x w be se5 f ^! illu/rations t1 s f> z figure c>v+ & composition are conc]n$1 our =eign rivals1 ! ,italians1 ,belgians1 ,au/rians1 & ,fr5*1 7 f> ahead ( u4 ,9 m]e con/ruction & excell5ce ( "w we h ev] be5 able to hold our own1 &1 s long z our design]s h kept to beat5 tracks1 ! effect is satisfactory4 ,x is only :5 an attempt has be5 made to so> above ! conv5tional1 t ! ef=t is n s successful4 ,illu/ration3 ,lady's ,"w ,table & ,scre54 ,9 ,papi]-ma*4 #ahea ,exhibition1 ,london4 ,9 look+ ov] ! li/ ( exhibits1 "o f9ds evid5ce ( ! fickl5ess ( fa%ion4 ,! manufacture ( decorative articles ( furniture ( papi]-ma* 0 !n v ext5sive1 & !re are sev]al specim5s ( ?is class ( "w1 bo? by ,fr5* & ,engli% firms4 ,! draw+-room ( #ahej to #ahfj 0 app>5tly incomplete )\t occasional *airs1 a scre5 ) pa9t$ panel1 a "w table1 or "s small cab9et or casket ( ?is decorative b some:at flimsy mat]ial4 ,illu/ration3 ,sidebo>d4 ,9 ,c>v$ ,oak1 ) subjects tak5 f ,sir ,walt] ,scott's ,k5ilwor?4 ,design$ ,& ,manufactur$ by ,messrs4 ,cookes1 ,w>wick #ahea ,exhibition1 ,london4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,/ate ,*air4 ,c>v$ & ,gilt ,frame1 uphol/]$ 9 ,ruby ,silk1 ,embroid]$ ) ! ,royal ,coat ( ,arms & ! ,pr9ce ( ,wales' ,plumes4 ,design$ & ,manufactur$ by ,m4 ,janc[ski1 ,york4 #ahea ,exhibition1 ,london4 ,illu/ration3 ,sidebo>d 9 ,c>v$ ,oak4 ,design$ ,& ,manufactur$ by ,m4 ,dur&1 ,p>is4 #ahea ,exhibition1 ,london4 ,illu/ration3 ,b$/ead 9 ,c>v$ ,ebony4 ,r5aissance ,/yle4 ,design$ & ,manufactur$ by ,m4 ,r\l1 ,antw]p4 #ahea ,exhibition1 ,london4 ,illu/ration3 ,pian(orte4 ,9 ,rosewood1 inlaid ) ,b\lework1 9 ,gold1 ,silv]1 & ,copp]4 ,design$ & ,manufactur$ by ,m4 ,lei/l]1 ,vi5na4 #ahea ,exhibition1 ,london4 ,illu/ration3 ,bookcase1 ,9 ,c>v$ ,lime ,tree1 ) ,panels ( ,sat9wood4 ,design$ & ,manufactur$ by ,m4 ,lei/l]1 ,vi5na4 #ahea ,exhibition1 ,london4 ,illu/ration3 ,cab9et4 ,9 ,tulipwood1 ornam5t$ ) bronze1 & inlaid ) ,porcela94 ,manufactur$ by ,m4 ,games1 ,/4 ,pet]sburg1 #ahea ,exhibition4 ,! design & execution ( m\nt+s ( cab9ets 9 metal "w1 p>ticul>ly ( ! highly-*as$ & gilt bronzes = ! enri*m5t ( meubles de luxe1 0 !n1 z x /ill to a great ext5t rema9s1 ! specialite ( ! ,p>isian craftsman1 & almo/ ! only ,engli% exhibits ( su* "w 7 ^? ( =eign]s :o _h settl$ among/ u4 ,illu/ration3 ,casket ( ,ivory1 ,) ,ormolu ,m\nt+s4 ,design$ & ,manufactur$ by ,m4 ,matifat1 ,p>is4 #ahea ,exhibition1 ,london4 ,illu/ration3 ,table1 ,9 ! ,classic ,/yle1 inlaid ) ,ivory1 ,manufactur$ = ! ,k+ ( ,s>d9ia by ,m4 ,g4 ,capello1 ,tur94 #ahea ,exhibition1 ,london4 ,illu/ration3 ,*air1 ,9 ! ,classic ,/yle1 inlaid ) ,ivory4 ,manufactur$ = ! ,k+ ( ,s>d9ia by ,m4 ,g4 ,capello1 ,tur94 #ahea ,exhibition1 ,london4 ,among/ ! latt] 0 ,monbro1 a ,fr5*man1 :o e/abli%$ himself 9 ,b]n]s ,/reet1 ,london1 & made furniture ( an ornam5tal "* 9 ! /yle ( 8 c\ntrym51 reproduc+ ! old] designs ( ,b\le & ,m>quet]ie furniture4 ,! pres5t h\se ( ,melli] & ,cie4 are 8 successors1 ,melli] hav+ be5 9 8 employ4 ,! late ,samson ,w]!im]1 !n 9 ,greek ,/reet1 ,soho1 0 /eadily mak+ a reputation by ! excell5ce ( ! metal m\nt+s ( 8 own design & workman%ip1 :i* he appli$ to caskets ( ,fr5* /yle4 ,furniture ( a decorative "* & ( excell5t quality 0 also made "s =ty ye>s ago by ,t[n & ,emanuel1 ( ,bond ,/reet1 & _m ( ?is firm's ,old ,fr5* tables & cab9ets 7 s c>efully f9i%$ ) reg>d to /yle & detail1 t1 ) ! tone acquir$ by "t s9ce _! production1 x is n always easy to di/+ui% !m f ! models f :i* !y 7 tak54 ,toms 0 assi/ant to ,t[n & ,emanuel1 & aft]w>ds pur*as$ & c>ri$ on ! bus9ess ( ,toms & ,luscombe1 a firm well-kn[n z manufactur]s ( excell5t & exp5sive ,fr5* furniture1 until _! retirem5t f bus9ess "s t5 ye>s ago4 ,illu/ration3 ,cab9et ( ,ebony1 9 ! ,r5aissance ,/yle4 ,) ,c>nelions ins]t$4 ,lit*field & ,radclyffe4 #ahfb ,exhibition4 ,webb1 ( ,old ,bond ,/reet1 succe$$ by ,annoot1 & subsequ5tly by ,radley1 0 a manufactur] ( ?is class ( furniture2 he employ$ a consid]able numb] ( workm51 & c>ri$ on a v successful bus9ess4 ,! "n ( ,blake1 too1 is "o t w be rememb]$ by "s ( our old] read]s :o 7 int]e/$ 9 m>quet]ie furniture ( =ty ye>s ago4 ,he made an inlaid c5tre table = ! late ,duke ( ,nor?umb]l&1 f a design by ,mr4 ,c4 ,p4 ,slocornbe1 ( ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum2 he also made excell5t copies ( ,l\is ,,xiv4 furniture4 ,! next ,int]national ,exhibition held 9 ,london 0 9 ! ye> #ahfb1 &1 ?\gh its success 0 some:at impair$ by ! great calamity ?is c\ntry su/a9$ 9 ! dea? ( ! ,pr9ce ,consort on #ad? ,decemb]1 #ahfa1 & also by ! break+ out ( ! ,civil ,w> 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica1 ! exhibitors _h increas$ f #ag1jjj 9 '#ea to "s #bi1jjj 9 '#fb1 ! =eign entries be+ #af1def1 z aga9/ #f1eff4 ,exhibitions ( a ,national & ,int]national "* _h also be5 held 9 _m ( ! ,cont95tal capitals4 ,!re 0 9 #ahee a successful "o 9 ,p>is1 :i* 0 foll[$ by "o /ill great] 9 #ahfg1 &1 z e "o kn[s1 !y h be5 lately ( almo/ annual occurr5ce 9 v>i\s c\ntries1 af=d+ ! ent]pris+ manufactur] bett] & m frequ5t opportunities ( plac+ 8 productions be=e ! public1 & ( tea*+ bo? produc] & consum] to appreciate & pr(it by e improvem5t 9 ta/e1 & by ! great] dem& = arti/ic objects4 ,! few illu/rations f ^! m rec5t ,exhibitions ( #ahfb & #ahfg des]ve a pass+ notice4 ,! cab9et ( c>v$ ebony ) enri*m5ts ( c>nelian & o!r ri*ly-color$ m9]als 7illu/rat$ on previ\s page71 receiv$ a good deal ( notice1 & 0 pur*as$ by ,william1 ?ird ,e>l ( ,crav51 a well-kn[n virtuoso ( ?irty ye>s ago4 ,! "w ( ,f\rd9ois1 ( ,p>is1 has already be5 allud$ to1 & 9 ! #ahfg ,exhibition 8 furniture acquir$ a /ill high] reputation = good ta/e & att5tion to detail4 ,! full page illu/ration ( a cab9et ( ebony1 ) c>v+s ( boxwood1 is a rem>kably ri* piece ( "w ( its k9d2 ! effect is produc$ by c>v+ ! box-wood figures & ornam5tal scroll "w 9 sep>ate pieces1 & !n ins]t+ ^! bodily into ! ebony4 ,by ?is means ! m intricate "w is able to be m c>efully execut$1 & ! close gra9 & ri* t9t ( ,turkey boxwood 7p]haps next to ivory ! be/ m$ium = r5d]+ f9e c>v+7 tells out 9 relief aga9/ ! ebony ( :i* ! body ( ! cab9et is con/ruct$4 ,?is excell5t example ( mod]n cab9et "w by ,f\rd9ois1 0 pur*as$ = ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum = #a1bjj1 & no "o :o has a k ( ! co/ ( execut+ m9ute c>v$ "w 9 boxwood & ebony w consid] ! price a v high "o4 ,! h\se ( ,f\rd9ois no long] exi/s2 ! names ( ! =emo/ mak]s ( ,fr5* meubles de luxe1 9 ,p>is1 are ,bu]deley1 ,dasson1 ,r\x1 ,sormani1 ,dur&1 & ,zwi5]4 ,"s m5tion has already be5 made ( ,zwi5]1 z ! mak] ( a fam\s bureau 9 ! ,h]t=d collection1 & a sidebo>d exhibit$ by ,dur& 9 ! '#ea ,exhibition is among/ ! illu/rations select$ z repres5tative ( cab9et "w at t "t4 ,illu/ration3 ,cab9et ( ,ebony ) ,c>v+s ( ,boxwood4 ,design$ & ,manufactur$ by ,m4 ,f\rd5ois1 ,p>is4 #ahfg ,exhibition1 ,p>is4 7,pur*as$ by ,s4 ,k5s+ton ,museum = #a1bjj47 ,illu/ration3 ,cab9et 9 ,sat9wood1 ,) ,w$gwood plaques & inlay ( v>i\s woods 9 ! ,adams' /yle4 ,design$ & ,manufactur$ by ,messrs4 ,wright ,mansfield1 ,london4 #ahfg ,exhibition1 ,p>is4 ,pur*as$ by ! ,s4 ,k5s+ton ,museum4 ,illu/ration3 ,ebony ,& ,ivory ,cab9et4 ,9 ,! ,/yle ( ,italian ,r5aissance by ,&rea ,pic*i1 ,flor5ce1 ,exhibit$ ,p>is1 #ahfg4 ,,note4--,a m>k$ simil>ity 9 ?is design to t ( a #ag? ,c5tury cab9et1 illu/rat$ 9 ! ,italian section ( ,*apt] iii41 w be obs]v$4 ,! illu/ration ( ,wright & ,mansfield's sat9-wood cab9et1 ) ,w$gewood plaques ins]t$1 & ) wrea?s & swags ( m>quet]ic inlaid1 is 9 ! ,adams' /yle1 a class ( design ( :i* ?is firm made a specialit4 ,bo? ,wright & ,mansfield _h be5 assi/ants at ,jackson & ,graham's1 & aft] a %ort t]m 9 ,great ,portl& ,/reet1 !y remov$ to ,bond ,/reet1 & c>ri$ on a successful bus9ess ( a high class & some:at exclusive "*1 until _! retirem5t f bus9ess a few ye>s s9ce4 ,?is cab9et 0 exhibit$ 9 ,p>is 9 #ahfg1 & 0 pur*as$ by our ,s\? ,k5s+ton au?orities4 ,p]haps x is n g5]ally kn[n t a grant is made to ! ,dep>tm5t = ! pur*ase ( suitable specim5s ( furniture & woodwork = ! ,museum4 ,?is exp5diture is made ) great c>e & discrim9ation4 ,x may be obs]v$ "h t ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum1 :i* 0 f\nd$ 9 #ahea1 0 at ?is "t play+ an important "p 9 ! ,art education ( ! c\ntry4 ,! lit]ature ( ! day also contribut$ _m useful works ( in/ruction & ref]5ce = ! design] ( furniture & woodwork4#ba ,"o noticeable feature ( mod]n design 9 furniture is ! revival ( m>quetry4 ,l all mosaic "w1 to :i* bran* ( ,indu/rial ,art x prop]ly belongs1 ?is k9d ( decoration %\ld be q subord9ate to ! g5]al design2 b ) ! rage = novelty :i* seiz$ public att5tion "s =ty ye>s ago1 x develop$ into ! production ( all k9ds ( fanta/ic patt]ns 9 diff]5t v5e]s4 ,a k9d ( m9ute mosaic "w 9 wood1 :i* 0 call$ ,tunbridge ,wells "w1 became fa%ionable = small articles4 ,)9 ! la/ t5 or fifte5 ye>s ! reproductions ( :at is t]m$ ,*ipp5dale1 & also ,adam & ,%]aton designs 9 m>quet]ie furniture1 h be5 manufactur$ to an enorm\s ext5t4 ,p>tly on acc\nt ( ! difficulty 9 obta9+ ! ri*ly-m>k$ & figur$ old mahogany & sat9-wood ( a hundr$ ye>s ago1 :i* ne$$ little or no inlay z ornam5t1 & p>tly to meet ! public fancy by cov]+ up bad con/ruction ) v5e]s ( m>quetry decoration1 a great deal m inlay has be5 giv5 to ^! reproductions ?an ev] appe>$ 9 ! orig9al "w ( ! eighte5? c5tury cab9et mak]s4 ,simplicity 0 sacrific$1 & v5e]s1 ?us us$ & abus$1 came to be a t]m ( contempt1 imply+ %am or sup]ficial ornam5t4 ,dick5s1 9 "o ( 8 novels1 has introduc$ ! ,v5e] family1 ?us /amp+ ! t]m m /rongly on ! popul> imag9ation4 ,! me?od n[ practis$ 9 us+ m>quetry to decorate furniture is v simil> to ! "o expla9$ 9 ! description ( ,b\le furniture giv5 9 ,*apt] ,,vi41 except t1 in/ead ( %ell1 ! m>quetry cutt] uses ! v5e]1 :i* he int5ds to be ! gr\ndwork ( 8 design1 & z 9 "s cases ^! v5e]s are cut to ! ?ickness ( #a_/af ( an in*1 sev]al lay]s c be sawn ?r\gh at once4 ,sometimes1 in/ead ( us+ s _m diff]5t k9ds ( wood1 :5 a v poly*romatic effect is requir$1 holly wood & sycamore are /a9$ diff]5t col\rs1 & ! m>quetry ?us prep>$1 is glu$ on to ! body ( ! furniture1 & subsequ5tly prep>$1 engrav$1 & poli%$4 ,?is k9d ( "w is done to a great ext5t 9 ,engl&1 b /ill m ext5sively & elaborately 9 ,france & ,italy1 :]e ivory & brass1 m>ble1 & o!r mat]ials are also us$ to enri* ! effect4 ,?is effect is ei!r satisfactory or ! rev]se accord+ z ! "w is well or ill-consid]$ & execut$4 ,x mu/ be obvi\s1 too1 t 9 ! production ( m>quetry ! processes are atta9able by ma*9]y1 :i* saves lab\r & *eap5s productions ( ! common] k9ds2 ?is t5ds to produce a decorative effect :i* is (t5 inappropriate & sup]abundant4 ,p]haps x is all[able to add "h t m>quetry1 or m>quet]ie1 its ,fr5* equival5t1 is ! m mod]n survival ( ,t>sia "w to :i* allusion has be5 made 9 previ\s *apt]s4 ,web/] def9es ! ^w z ,"w inlaid ) pieces ( wood1 %ells1 ivory1 & ! l1 d]iv$ f ! ,fr5* ^w m>quet] to *eck] & m>que 7a sign71 ( ,g]man orig94 ,x is di/+ui%$ f p>quetry 7:i* is d]iv$ f p>e1 an enclosure1 ( :i* x is a dim9utive71 & signifies a k9d ( jo9]y 9 geometrical patt]ns1 g5]ally us$ = floor+4 ,:51 h[ev]1 ! m>quetry assumes geometrical patt]ns 7frequ5tly a numb] ( cubes %ad$ 9 p]spective7 ! design is (t5 t]m$ 9 ,art catalogues a p>quetry design4 ,9 consid]+ ! design & manufacture ( furniture ( ! pres5t day1 z comp>$ ) t (1 say1 a hundr$ ye>s ago1 !re are two or ?ree ma9 factors to be tak5 into acc\nt4 ,( ^! ! mo/ important is ! enorm\sly increas$ dem&1 by ! multiplication ( pur*as]s1 = "s classes ( furniture1 :i* =m]ly _h b a limit$ sale4 ,?is enables ma*9]y to be us$ to advantage 9 economis+ lab\r1 & !re=e "o f9ds 9 ! s-call$ ,que5 ,anne & ,jacobean cab9et "w ( ! well furni%$ h\se ( ! pres5t "t1 r too prom95t evid5ce ( ! la! & ! /eam plane4 ,m\ld+s are ma*9$ by ! l5g?1 !n cut into cornices1 mitr$ r\nd panels1 or affix$ to ! edge ( a pla9 slab ( wood1 giv+ x ! effect ( c>v+4 ,! ev]la/+ sp9dle1 turn$ rapidly by ! la!1 is introduc$ ) we>isome r$undance1 to ornam5t ! /ret*] & ! edge ( a %elf2 ! busy fret or b&-saw produces fanciful patt]ns :i* =m a *eap enri*m5t :5 appli$ to a draw]-front1 a panel1 or a frieze1 & c>v+ ma*9es c copy any design :i* a c5tury ago 7 ! c>eful & pa9/ak+ result ( a practis$ craftsman's skill4 ,aga91 z ! manufacture ( furniture is n[ *iefly c>ri$ on 9 l>ge factories1 bo? 9 ,engl& & on ! ,cont95t1 ! sub-division ( lab\r causes ! article to pass ?r\gh diff]5t h&s 9 successive /ages1 & ! :olesale manufacture ( furniture by /eam has tak5 ! place ( ! p]sonal sup]vision by ! ma/]'s eye ( ! task ( a few m5 :o 7 9 ! old days ! occupants ( 8 work%op4 ,z a writ] on ! subject has well said1 ! *isel & ! knife are no long] 9 su* cases controll$ by ! s5sitive t\* ( ! human h&4 ,9 connection ) ?is we are rem9d$ ( ,rusk9's precept t ! fir/ condition ( a "w ( ,art is t x %\ld be conceiv$ & c>ri$ out by "o p]son4 ,in/ead ( ! c>v$ ornam5t be+ ! outcome ( ! arti/'s educat$ ta/e1 :i* places on ! article a /amp ( individuality--in/ead ( ! furniture be+1 z x 0 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury 9 ,engl&1 & "s hundr$ ye>s e>li] 9 ,italy & 9 ,france1 ! craftsman's pride--x is n[ ! result ( ! rapid multiplication ( "s patt]n :i* has caught ! popul> fancy1 g5]ally a design 9 :i* !re is a good deal ( decorative effect = a comp>atively small price4 ,! difficulty ( alt]+ ?is unsatisfactory /ate ( ?+s is evid5t4 ,on ! "o side1 ! manufactur]s or ! l>ge furni%+ firms h a /rong case 9 _! cont5tion t ! public w g to ! m>ket x consid]s ! be/3 & :5 decoration is pitt$ aga9/ simplicity1 ?\gh ! con/ruction :i* accompanies ! =m] be ev] s faulty1 ! m pret5ti\s article w be select$4 ,:5 a successful patt]n has be5 produc$1 & arrangem5ts & sub-contracts h be5 made = its repetition 9 l>ge quantities1 any consid]able v>iation made 9 ! details 7ev5 if x be ! suppression ( ornam5t7 w cause an addition to ! co/ :i* ^? only :o und]/& some?+ ( a manufactur]'s bus9ess c appreciate4 ,dur+ ! pres5t g5]ation an ,art movem5t has sprung up call$ /heticism1 :i* has be5 def9$ z ! ,sci5ce ( ! ,beautiful & ! ,philosophy ( ! ,f9e ,arts1 & aims at c>ry+ a love ( ! beautiful into all ! relations ( life4 ,! fanta/ical developm5ts :i* accompani$ ! movem5t br\ght its devotees into mu* ridicule ab\t t5 ye>s ago1 & ! pages ( ,pun* ( t "t w be f\nd to happily trave/y its m amus+ & extravagant aspects4 ,! great success ( ,gilb]t & ,sullivan's op]etta1 ,pati5ce1 produc$ 9 #ahha1 0 also to "s ext5t due to ! humor\s allusions to ! extravagances ( ! ,ae/hetetes4 ,9 support ( :at may be t]m$ a high] /heticism1 ,mr4 ,rusk9 has writt5 mu* to give expression to 8 ideas & pr9ciples = r5d]+ our surr\nd+s m beautiful4 ,sir ,fr$]ic ,leighton & ,mr4 ,alma ,tadema are conspicu\s among/ ^? :o h 9 _! h\ses c>ri$ su* pr9ciples into effect1 & among/ o!r arti/s :o h be5 & are1 m or less1 associat$ ) ?is movem5t1 may be nam$ ,rossetti1 ,burne ,jones1 & ,holman ,hunt4 ,z a writ] on /heticism has obs]v$3--,:5 ! extravagances att5d+ ! movem5t h be5 purg$ away1 !re may be /ill left an educat+ influ5ce1 :i* w impress ! l(ty & undy+ pr9ciples ( ,art ^u ! m9ds ( ! p4 ,= a "t1 9-spite ( ridicule1 ?is s-call$ /heticism 0 ! vogue1 & consid]ably affect$ ! design & decoration ( furniture ( ! "t4 ,woodwork 0 pa9t$ olive gre52 ! panels ( cab9ets1 pa9t$ 9 sombre colors1 _h pictures ( sad-look+ maid5s1 & !re 0 an attempt at a dim religi\s effect 9 our rooms q inappropriate to su* a climate z t ( ,engl&4 ,! reaction1 h[ev]1 f ! g>i% & ill-consid]$ col\r+s ( a previ\s decade or two has left beh9d x mu* good1 & ) ! ca?olicity ( ta/e :i* m>ks ! furni%+ ( ! pres5t day1 p see "s m]it 9 e /yle1 & are endeav\r+ to select t :i* is desirable )\t runn+ to ! extreme ( ecc5tricity4 ,p]haps ! advantage ?us ga9$ is c\nt]balanc$ by ! loss ( our old traditions1 = among/ ! wild]ness ( reproductions ( ,fr5* furniture1 m or less frivol\s--( ,*ipp5dale1 z t ma/] is g5]ally und]/ood--( :at is t]m$ ,jacobean & ,que5 ,anne--to say no?+ ( a quantity ( s-call$ antique furniture1 we are bewild]$ 9 attempt+ to id5tify ?is latt] end ( ! n9ete5? c5tury ) any p>ticul> /yle ( furniture4 ,by tradition x is int5d$ to allude to ! old-fa%ion$ mann] ( h&+ d[n f fa!r to son1 or ma/] to appr5tice1 = successive g5]ations1 ! skill to produce any p>ticul> class ( object ( ,art or manufacture4 ,surely ,rusk9 _h some?+ ( ?is 9 8 m9d :5 he said1 ,n[1 :5 ! p[]s ( fancy1 /imulat$ by ?is triumphant precision ( manual dext]ity1 desc5d f g5]ation to g5]ation1 y h at la/ :at is n s mu* a tra9$ arti/1 z a new species ( animal1 ) ^: in/9ctive gifts y h no *ance ( cont5d+4 ,tradition may be said to /ill survive 9 ! c\ntry c>twright1 :o produces ! f>m]'s wagon 9 accordance ) cu/om & tradition1 modify+ ! me?od ( con/ruction some:at p]haps to meet alt]$ conditions ( circum/ances1 & !n ornam5t+ 8 "w by no p>ticul> set design or rule1 b p>tly f inh]it$ aptitude & p>tly f playfulness or fancy4 ,9 ! h\se-c>p5t] atta*$ to "s ( our old ,engli% family e/ates1 !re w also be f\nd1 "h & !re1 surviv+ repres5tatives ( ! traditional joyn] ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 & 9 ,ea/]n c\ntries1 p>ticul>ly 9 ,japan1 we f9d ! dext]\s jo9] or c>v] ( to-day is ! desc5dant ( a long l9e ( m or less excell5t me*anics4 ,x mu/ be obvi\s1 too1 t ,trades ,unionism ( ! pres5t day _c b be1 9 _m ( its effects1 prejudicial to ! ,indu/rial ,arts4 ,a movem5t :i* aims at r$uc+ m5 ( diff]5t intellig5ce & ability1 to a common /&>d1 & :i* controls ! am\nt ( "w done1 & ! price paid = x1 :atev] are its social or economical advantages1 mu/ h a delet]i\s influ5ce ^u ! ,art products ( our "t4 ,writ]s on ,art & manufactures1 ( v>y+ em95ce & op9ion1 are unanim\s 9 po9t+ out ! s]i\s drawbacks to progress :i* w exi/1 s long z !re is a dem& = *eap & m]etrici\s imitations ( old furniture1 z oppos$ to m simply made articles1 design$ 9 accordance ) ! purposes = :i* !y are int5d$4 ,)9 ! pa/ few ye>s a great _m well direct$ endeav\rs h be5 made 9 ,engl& to improve design 9 furniture1 & to revive some?+ ( ! feel+ ( pride & ambition 9 8 craft1 :i*1 9 ! old days ( ! ,trade ,guilds1 animat$ our ,jacobean jo9]4 ,"o ( ! be/ direct$ ( ^! ent]prises is t ( ! ,arts & ,crafts ,exhibition ,society1 ( :i* ,mr4 ,walt] ,crane1 ,a4,r4,w4,s41 is presid5t1 & :i* numb]s1 among/ its committee & support]s1 a great _m influ5tial names4 ,z sugge/$ 9 ! design ( ! cov] ( _! ,exhibition ,catalogue1 drawn by ! ,presid5t1 "o *ief aim ( ! society is to l9k arm 9 arm ,design & ,h&icraft1 by exhibit+ only su* articles z be> ! names ( individuals :o 7#a7 drew ! design & 7#b7 c>ri$ x out3 ea* craftsman ?us has ! cr$it & responsibility ( 8 own "p ( ! "w1 in/ead ( ! :ole appe>+ z ! production ( ,messrs4 ,a4,b4 or ,c4,d41 :o may h kn[n no?+ p]sonally ( ! matt]1 beyond g5]ally direct+ ! affairs ( a l>ge manufactur+ or furni%+ bus9ess4 ,9 ! catalogue publi%$ by ?is ,society !re are sev]al %ort & useful essays 9 :i* furniture is treat$1 g5]ally & specifically1 by capable writ]s1 among/ :om are ,mr4 ,walt] ,crane1 ,mr4 ,edw>d ,prior1 ,mr4 ,halsey ,ric>do1 ,mr4 ,reg9ald ,t4 ,blomfield1 ,mr4 ,w4,r4 ,le?>by1 ,mr4 ,j4,h4 ,poll51 ,mr4 ,/eph5 ,webb1 & ,mr4 ,t4,g4 ,jackson1 ,a4,r4,a41 ! ord] ( names be+ t 9 :i* ! sev]al essays are arrang$4 ,?is small b valuable contribution to ! subject ( design & manufacture ( furniture is full ( int]e/1 & po9ts out ! defects ( our pres5t sy/em4 ,among/ o!r regrets1 "o ( ! writ]s 7,mr4 ,halsey ,ric>do7 compla9s1 t ! transi5t t5ure t mo/ ( u h 9 our dwell+s1 & ! absorb+ nature ( ! /ruggle t mo/ ( u h to make to w9 ! necess>y provisions ( life1 prev5t our enc\rag+ ! manufacture ( well wr\ght furniture4 ,we mean to outgr[ our h\ses--our lease expires aft] s _m ye>s1 & !n we %all want an entirely diff]5t class ( furniture--consequ5tly we pur*ase articles t h only suffici5t life 9 !m to la/ ! brief p]iod ( our occupation1 & are cont5t to abide by ! want ( appropriat5ess or beauty1 9 ! cle> int5tion ( "s day surr\nd+ ourselves ) objects t %all be joys to u = ! rema9d] ( our life4 ,_m o!r societies1 guilds1 & art s*ools h be5 e/abli%$ ) m or less success1 ) ! view ( improv+ ! design & manufacture ( furniture1 & provid+ suitable models = our "y wood c>v]s to copy4 ,! ,ellesm]e ,cab9et 7illu/rat$7 0 "o ( ! productions ( ! ,home ,arts & ,indu/ries ,association1 f\nd$ by ! late ,lady ,m>ian ,al=d 9 #ahhc1 a well kn[n connoisseur & ,art patron4 ,x w be se5 t ?is is virtually a ,jacobean design4 ,9 ! e>li] *apt]s ( ?is book1 x has be5 obs]v$ t z ,ar*itecture became a settl$ ,art or ,sci5ce1 x 0 accompani$ by a correspond+ developm5t 9 ! design ( ! room & its furniture1 "u1 z x 71 "o impulse ( design1 & ?is appropriate concord may be said to h obta9$ 9 ,engl& until ne>ly ! middle ( ! pres5t c5tury1 :51 aft] ! artificial ,greek /yle 9 furniture & woodwork :i* _h be5 attempt$ by ,wilk9s1 ,soane1 & o!r contempor>y ar*itects1 _h fall5 into disfav\r1 !re 0 fir/ a reaction1 & !n an int]regnum1 z has be5 notic$ 9 ! previ\s *apt]4 ,! ,great ,exhibition m>k$ a fre% dep>ture1 & quick5$1 z we h se51 indu/rial ent]prise 9 ?is c\ntry2 & ?\gh1 ^u ! :ole1 good results h be5 produc$ by ! impetus giv5 by ^! int]national competitions1 !y h n be5 exempt f unfavorable accompanim5ts4 ,"o ( ^! 0 ! eag] desire = novelty1 )\t ! necess>y judgm5t to discrim9ate betwe5 good & bad4 ,= a "t1 no?+ satisfi$ ! pur*as] ( s-call$ arti/ic products1 :e!r ( decorative furniture1 c>pets1 curta9s or m]ely ornam5tal articles1 unless ! design 0 new4 ,! natural result 0 ! production ei!r ( heavy & ugly1 or flimsy & inappropriate furniture1 :i* has be5 condemn$ by e writ] on ! subject4 ,9 "s ( ! designs select$ f ! exhibits ( '#ea ?is desire to leave ! beat5 track ( conv5tionality w be evid5t3 & = a consid]able "t aft] ! exhibition !re is to be se5 9 our designs1 ! result ( too _m opportunities = imitation1 act+ ^u m9ds insuffici5tly tra9$ to ex]cise c>eful judgm5t & selection4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,ellesm]e ,cab9et1 ,9 ! ,collection ( ! late ,lady ,m>ian ,al=d4 ,! cu/om ( appropriate & h>moni\s treatm5t ( int]ior decorations & suitable furniture1 seems to h be5 9 a great measure ab&on$ dur+ ! pres5t c5tury1 ow+ p]haps to ! indiff]5ce ( ar*itects ( ! "t to ?is subsidi>y b necess>y portion ( _! "w1 or p]haps to a desire = economy1 :i* pref]r$ ! *eapness ( pa9t$ & artificially gra9$ p9e-wood1 ) decorative effects produc$ by wall pap]s1 to ! m solid b exp5sive ?\gh less %[y wood-panell+1 ar*itectural m\ld+s1 well-made panell$ doors & *imney pieces1 :i* "o f9ds1 d[n to q ! end ( ! la/ c5tury1 ev5 9 h\ses ( mod]ate r5tals4 ,furniture !re=e became indep5d5t & beg9n+ to acc\nt h]self an ,art1 transgress$ h] limits 444 & grew to ! conceit t x c\ld /& by itself1 &1 z well z its bett]s1 w5t a way ( its own4 #bb ,! int]iors1 h&$ ov] f ! build]1 z x 71 9 blank1 are fill$ up f ! uphol/]]'s /ore1 ! curiosity %op1 & ! auction room1 :ile a l>ge contribution f ! cons]vatory or ! ne>e/ flori/ gives ! f9i%+ t\* to a mixture1 :i* *>act]izes ! pres5t ta/e = furni%+ a b\doir or a draw+ room4 ,!re is1 ( c\rse1 9 v _m cases an individuality ga9$ by ! omnium ga!rum ( su* a mode ( furni%+4 ,! cab9et :i* rem9ds its own] ( a t\r 9 ,italy1 ! qua9t /ool f ,tangi]1 & ! embroid]$ piano cov] f ,spa91 are to ^? :o travel1 pleasant s\v5irs2 z are also ! pres5ts f fri5ds 7:5 !y h ta/e & judgm5t71 ! scre5s & fl[]-/&s1 & ! photographs1 :i* are rem9isc5ces ( ! =ms & faces sep>at$ f u by di/ance or dea?4 ,! te/ ( ! :ole "q ( su* an arrangem5t ( furniture 9 our liv+ rooms1 is ! am\nt ( judgm5t & discretion display$4 ,two favorable examples ( ! pres5t fa%ion1 repres5t+ ! int]ior ( ! ,saloon & ,draw+ ,room at ,s&r+ham ,h\se1 are "h reproduc$4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,saloon at ,s&r+ham ,h\se4 7,f a ,photo by ,b$=d ,lemre ,co41 by p]mission ( ,h4 ,r4 ,h4 ! ,pr9ce ( ,wales74 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,draw+ ,room at ,s&r+ham ,h\se4 7,f a ,photo by ,b$=d ,lemre ,co41 by p]mission ( ,h4 ,r4 ,h4 ! ,pr9ce ( ,wales74 ,!re is at ! pres5t "t an ambition on ! "p ( _m well-to-d p]sons to imitate ! effect produc$ 9 h\ses ( old families :]e1 = g5]ations1 valuable & memorable articles ( decorative furniture h be5 accumulat$1 j z pictures1 plate & *9a h be5 pres]v$2 & fail+ ! inh]itance ( su* h\sehold gods1 x is ! practice to acquire1 or z ! mod]n t]m goes1 to collect1 old furniture ( diff]5t /yles & p]iods1 until ! room becomes incongru\s & ov]cr[d$1 an evid5ce ( ! weal?1 r ?an ( ! ta/e1 ( ! own]4 ,z x frequ5tly happ5s t su* collections are made v ha/ily1 & 9 ! brief int]vals ( a busy comm]cial or political life1 ! selections are n ! be/ or mo/ suitable2 & :]e s mu* is requir$ 9 a %ort space ( "t1 x becomes impossible to devote a suffici5t sum ( money to procure a really valuable specim5 ( ! k9d desir$2 9 its place an effective & l[ pric$ reproduction ( an old patt]n 7) all ! faults insep>able f su* conditions7 is add$ to ! conglom]ation ( articles requir+ att5tion1 & tak+ up space4 ,! limit$ accommodation ( h\ses built on gr\nd :i* is too valuable to all[ spaci\s halls & l>ge ap>tm5ts1 makes ?is want ( discretion & judgm5t ! m objectionable4 ,!re c be no d\bt t want ( c>e & re/ra9t 9 ! selection ( furniture1 by ! pur*as+ public1 affects its "*1 bo? z to design & workman%ip4 ,^! are "s ( ! faults 9 ! mod]n /yle ( furni%+1 :i* h be5 po9t$ out by rec5t writ]s & lectur]s on ! subject4 ,9 ,h9ts on ,h\sehold ,ta/e1 #bc ,mr4 ,ea/lake has scold$ u sev]ely = runn+ aft] novelties & fa%ions1 in/ead ( cultivat+ suitability & simplicity1 9 ! selection & ord]+ ( our furniture2 & he has contra/$ descriptions & draw+s ( well design$ & con/ruct$ pieces ( furniture ( ! ,jacobean p]iod ) ^? ( ?is c5tury's productions4 ,col4 ,rob]t ,edis1 9 ,decoration & ,furniture ( ,t[n ,h\ses1 has publi%$ designs :i* are bo? simple & economical1 ) reg>d to space & money1 :ile suitable to ! specifi$ purpose ( ! furniture or fitm5t4 ,?is revival 9 ta/e1 :i* has be5 n inappropriately t]m$ ,! ,new ,r5aissance1 has produc$ _m excell5t results1 & sev]al well-kn[n ar*itects & design]s 9 ! =emo/ rank ( art1 among/ :om ! late ,mr4 ,/reet1 ,r4,a42 ,messrs4 ,norman ,%aw1 ,r4,a42 ,wat]h\se1 ,r4,a42 ,alma ,tadema1 ,r4,a42 ,t4 ,g4 ,jackson1 ,a4,r4,a42 ,w4 ,burgess1 ,?omas ,cutl]1 ,e4 ,w4 ,godw91 ,s4 ,webb1 & _m o!rs1 h devot$ a consid]able am\nt ( att5tion to ! design ( furniture4 ,! rul+ pr9ciple 9 ! majority ( ^! designs has be5 to avoid ov] ornam5tation1 & pret5sion to display1 & to produce good solid "w1 9 h>d1 durable1 & 7on acc\nt ( ! increas$ lab\r7 exp5sive woods1 or1 :5 economy is requir$1 9 light s(t woods1 pa9t$ or enamell$4 ,"s manufactur+ firms1 :om x w\ld be invidi\s to "n1 & ^: high reputation r5d]s !m indep5d5t ( any recomm5dation1 h adopt$ ?is pr9ciple1 &1 z a result1 !re is n[ no difficulty 9 obta9+ well design$ & s\ndly con/ruct$ furniture1 :i* is simple1 unpret5ti\s1 & wor? ! price *>g$ = x4 ,un=tunately = ! complete success ( ! new tea*+1 useful & appropriate furniture meets ) a fi]ce competition f m %[y & ornate productions1 made to sell r ?an to la/3 furniture :i* seems to h ^u x ! /amp ( our ?ree ye>s' agreem5t1 or sev5 ye>s' lease4 ,( ?is x may be said1 speak+ n only f an arti/ic1 b f a moral & humane /&po9t1 x is made s *eaply1 t x seems a pity x is made at all4 ,! disadvantages1 insep>able f our pres5t /ate ( society1 :i* we h notic$ z prejudicial to ,engli% design & workman%ip1 & :i* *eck ! production ( really satisfactory furniture1 are also to be obs]v$ 9 o!r c\ntries2 & z ! ,engli%1 & ,engli%-speak+ p1 are probably ! l>ge/ pur*as]s ( =eign manufactur]s1 ^! disadvantages act & re-act on ! furniture ( diff]5t nations4 ,9 ,france1 ! cab9et mak] has ev] excell$ 9 ! production ( ornam5tal furniture2 & by con/ant ref]5ce to old] specim5s 9 ! ,museums & ,palaces ( 8 c\ntry1 he is f> bett] acqua9t$ ) :at may be call$ ! traditions ( 8 craft ?an 8 ,engli% bro!r4 ,) him ! /yles ( ,francois ,premi]1 ( ,h5ri ,deux1 & ! ?ree ,l\is are classic1 & 9 ! beautiful *as+ & f9i%+ ( ! m\nts :i* ornam5t ! be/ meubles de luxe1 x is almo/ impossible to surpass 8 be/ ef=ts1 provid$ ! requisite price be paid2 b ?is am\nts 9 _m cases to su* consid]able sums ( money z w\ld seem incr$ible to ^? :o h b little k ( ! subject4 ,z a simple in/ance1 ! copy ( ! ,bureau du ,l\vre 7describ$ 9 ,*apt] vi47 9 ! ,h]t=d ,h\se collection1 co/ ! late ,sir ,ri*>d ,wallace a sum ( #d1jjj4 ,z1 h[ev]1 9 ,france1 & 9 c\ntries :i* import ,fr5* furniture1 !re are _m :o desire to h ! effect ( ?is beautiful b exp5sive furniture1 b _c af=d to sp5d sev]al ?\s& p\nds 9 ! decoration ( a s+le room1 ! indu/ri\s & +5i\s ,fr5*man manufactures1 to meet ?is dem&1 va/ quantities ( furniture :i* affects1 )\t atta9+1 ! m]its ( ! bett] made & m highly f9i%$ articles4 ,9 ,holl&1 ,belgium1 & 9 ,g]many1 z has already be5 po9t$ out1 ! manufacture ( ornam5tal oak furniture1 on ! l9es ( ! ,r5aissance models1 /ill prevails1 & su* furniture is l>gely import$ into ?is c\ntry4 ,italian c>v$ furniture ( mod]n times has be5 already notic$2 & 9 ! selections made f ! #ahea ,exhibition1 "s productions ( diff]5t c\ntries h be5 illu/rat$1 :i* t5d to %ew t1 speak+ g5]ally1 ! furniture mo/ suitable = display is produc$ abroad1 :ile none c excel ,engli% cab9et mak]s 9 ! production ( useful furniture & woodwork1 :5 x is ! result ( design & h&icraft1 unfett]$ by ! detrim5tal1 b too popul>1 condition t ! article :5 f9i%$ %all appe> to be m co/ly really ?an x is4 ,illu/ration3 ,c>v$ ,frame1 by ,radspiel]1 ,muni*4 ,! illu/ration ( a c>v$ frame 9 ! rococo /yle ( ,*ipp5dale1 ) a ,*9aman 9 a canopy1 repres5ts an important s*ool ( wood c>v+ :i* has be5 develop$ 9 ,muni*2 & 9 ! ,kn/ ,gew]b]e91 or ,workman's ,exhibition1 9 t city1 ! ,bav>ians h a v simil> arrangem5t to t ( ! ,arts & ,crafts ,exhibition ,society ( ?is c\ntry1 ( :i* m5tion has already be5 made4 ,ea* article is labell$ ) ! "n ( ! design] & mak]4 ,9 conclusion1 x seems evid5t t1 ) all ! faults & %ortcom+s ( ?is latt] "p ( ! n9ete5? c5tury--& no d\bt !y are _m1 bo? ( commission & omission--/ill1 speak+ g5]ally1 !re is no lack ( m5 ) ability to design1 & no want ( well tra9$ pati5t craftsm5 to produce1 furniture :i* %all equal ! f9e/ examples ( ! ,r5aissance & ,jacobean p]iods4 ,) ! improv$ means ( int]-communication betwe5 ,engl& & h] ,colonies1 & ) ! *ief indu/rial c5tres ( ,europe unit$ = ! purposes ( comm]ce1 ! :ole civiliz$ _w is1 z x 71 "o k+dom3 m]*ants & manufactur]s c select ! be/ & mo/ suitable mat]ials1 c obta9 photographs or draw+s ( ! mo/ di/ant examples1 or copies ( ! mo/ exp5sive designs1 :ile ! public ,art ,libr>ies ( ,london1 & ,p>is1 conta9 valuable works ( ref]5ce1 :i* are easily accessible to ! /ud5t or to ! workman4 ,x is v pleasant to be> te/imony to ! c\rtesy & assi/ance :i* ! /ud5t or workman inv>iably receives f ^? :o are 9 *>ge ( our public ref]5ce libr>ies4 ,!re ne$s1 h[ev]1 an important condition to be tak5 into acc\nt4 ,good "w1 requir+ educat$ ?\ght to design1 & skill$ lab\r to produce1 mu/ be paid = at a v diff]5t rate to ! furniture ( ma*9$ m\ld+s1 /amp$ ornam5t1 & o!r num]\s & inexp5sive sub/itutes = h&work1 :i* our pres5t civilization has enabl$ our manufactur]s to produce1 & :i*1 = ! pres5t1 seems to f9d fav\r ) ! multitude4 ,x has be5 well said t1 ,decorat$ or sumptu\s furniture is n m]ely furniture t is exp5sive to buy1 b t :i* has be5 elaborat$ ) mu* ?\ght1 k1 & skill4 ,su* furniture _c be *eap c]ta9ly1 b ! real co/ is sometimes borne by ! arti/ :o produces1 r ?an by ! man :o may happ5 to buy x4 #bd ,x is (t5 =gott5 t ! price paid is t ( ! lives & su/5ance ( ! work]s & _! families4 ,conclusion4 ,a po9t has n[ be5 rea*$ at :i* our task mu/ be br\ght to its natural conclusion2 = al?\gh _m collectors1 & o!rs int]e/$ 9 ! subject1 h invit$ ! writ]'s att5tion to num]\s descriptions & examples1 f an exam9ation ( :i* mu* in=mation c\ld1 )\t d\bt1 be obta9$1 /ill1 ! exig5cies ( a busy life1 & ! limits ( a s+le volume ( mod]ate dim5sions1 =bid ! attempt to add to a /ory :i*1 x is fe>$1 may p]haps h already ov]tax$ ! read]'s pati5ce4 ,z has already be5 /at$ 9 ! preface1 ?is book is n int5d$ to be a guide to collect+1 or furni%+2 nev]!less1 x is possible t1 9 ! c\rse ( record+ "s ( ! *anges :i* h tak5 place 9 designs & fa%ions1 & ( br++ into notice1 "h & !re1 ! op9ions ( ^? :o h ?\ght & writt5 ^u ! subject1 "s indirect assi/ance may h be5 giv5 9 bo? ^! directions4 ,if ?is %\ld be ! case1 & if an increas$ int]e/ has be5 !reby excit$ 9 ! surr\nd+s ( ! ,home1 or 9 "s ( ^? ,art collections--! "w ( bye-gone ye>s--:i* =m "p ( our ,national prop]ty1 ! writ]'s aim & object w h be5 atta9$1 & 8 humble ef=ts amply rew>d$4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,a ,sixte5? ,c5tury ,work%op4 ,index4 ,,note4--,! ,names ( sev]al ,design]s & ,mak]s1 omitt$ f ! ,index1 w be f\nd 9 ! ,li/ 9 ! ,app5dix1 ) ref]5ces4 ,academy 7,fr5*7 ( ! ,arts f\nd$ ,adam1 ,rob]t & ,james /heticism ,aha%u]us1 ,palace ( ,alcock1 ,sir ,ru!r=d1 collection ( ,angelo1 ,mi*ael ,anglo-,saxon ,furniture ,arabesque ,ornam5t1 orig9 ( ,arabian ,woodwork ,ark1 ref]5ce to ! ,armoires1 m5tion ( ,art ,j\rnal1 ,! ,arts & ,crafts ,exhibition ,society ,asp9wall1 ( ,grosv5or ,/reet ,assyrian ,furniture ,aubusson ,tape/ry ,audley ,end ,au/rian ,"w ,b>b]s' ,company1 ,hall ( ! ,b>oque1 ,! /yle ,b>ry1 ,sir ,*>les1 ,r4,a4 ,beauvais ,tape/ry ,b$room ,furniture ,b$/ead ( ,jeanne d',albret ,b$/ead 9 ! ,cluny ,museum ,bell[s1 ,italian ,b5jam91 ,mr41 ref]r$ to ,b]a91 ,*>les1 ,fr5* arti/ ,be?nal ,gre5 ,museum ,biblical ref]5ces ,bir*1 ,dr41 ref]5ce to ,birdwood1 ,sir ,george1 ref]r$ to ,black1 ,mr4 ,adam1 ref]5ce to ,blomfield1 ,mr4 ,reg9ald ,t4 ,bo>ds & ,tre/les ,boleyn1 ,anna1 *air ( ,bombay ,furniture ,bonnaff1 ref]r$ to ,b\*]1 arti/ ,b\doir ,b\le1 ,&r ,*>les ,brackets1 ,wall ,briti% ,museum1 ref]5ces to specim5s 9 ! ,brittany ,furniture ,broadwood1 ,messrs ,bronze ,m\nt+s ,bruges1 ,*imney-piece at ,bryan1 ,mi*ael1 ref]r$ to ,buffet1 ,! ,bureau du ,roi ,burgess1 ,mr4 ,w ,burleigh ,byzant9e-,go?ic1 disc>d$ ,byzant9e /yle ,caffi]i1 "w ( ,cairo ,woodwork ,canopi$ ,seats ,cant]bury ,ca!dral ,c>p5t]s' ,company ,ca%m]e ,"w ,caun]1 ,fr5* c>v] ,cell>et1 ,! ,cell9i1 ,b4 ,*amb]s1 ,sir ,william1 ,r4,a4 ,*air ( ,dagob]t ,*airs ( ,/4 ,pet] ,*>d91 ref]5ce to ,*>lemagne1 ref]5ce to ,*>les ,i4 ref]5ce to ,*>les ,,ii4 ref]5ce to ,*>lton1 ,little ,*>t]h\se1 ,! ,*auc] quot$ ,*ipp5dale's ,"w ,*ipp5dale's ,g5tleman & ,cab9etmak]s' ,director ,*ri/ianity influ5ce ( ,*ri/ie1 ,manson1 ,wood1 ,messrs ref]5ce to old catalogues ( ,cic]o's ,tables ,cipriani ,clapton1 ,dr4 ,edw>d1 ref]5ce to ,club ,h\ses ( ,london ,cluny ,museum1 ref]5ce to ,colb]t1 ,f9ance ,m9i/] ,coli>ds' pr$ecessors ,coll9son ,lock ,collman1 ,l4,w41 "w ( ,con/ant9ople1 capture ( ,coronation ,*air1 ,! ,correggio ,grace1 "w ( ,crane1 ,mr4 ,walt] ,cromwell ref]r$ to ,crusades1 influ5ce ( ! ,cutl]1 ,mr4 ,t ,cypselus ( ,cor9?1 ,*e/ ( ,dado1 !1 describ$ ,dagob]t ,*air ,dalburgia or ,blackwood ,damascus1 ,room f a h\se 9 ,davilli]1 ,b>on ,d9+ ,room1 !1 v>i\s def9itions ,divan1 d]ivation ( ,d[bigg9 7,gill['s appr5tice7 ,dryd5 quot$ ,dr]1 ,a41 ref]r$ to ,d',urb9o ,bramante ,du ,somm]>d ref]r$ to ,dut* ,furniture ,ea/lake1 ,mr4 ,c41 ref]5ce to ,ed9burgh1 ,h4,r4,h4 ! ,duke (1 ,art ,collection ,edis1 ,col4 ,rob]t1 ref]r$ to1 ,elg9 & ,k9c>d9e1 ,e>l (1 ,collection ( ,elizabe?an ,"w ,empire ,furniture ,engli% ,"w ,evelyn's ,di>y ,exhibiton1 ,! ,colonial ,! ,great 7#ahea7 ,inv5tions ,exhibitions1 ,local ,falk1 ,dr41 ref]5ce to ,faydh]be1 ,lucas ,fitzcook1 ,h41 design] ,flaxman's ,"w ,flemi% ,r5aissance ,flemi% ,"w ,flor5t9e ,mosaic ,"w ,fold+ ,/ool ,fonta9ebleau1 ,*ateau ( ,f\rd9ois1 ,"w ( ,fragon>d1 ,fr5* arti/1 ref]5ce to ,frames = pictures & mirrors ,franks1 ,mr4 ,a4,w4 ,fretwork ,ornam5t ,gav>d's1 ,c41 ,"w on ,v]sailles ,g]man ,"w ,gesso ,"w ,ghib]ti1 ,l ,gibbon1 ,dr41 /ory ( ,gild+1 me?ods ( ,gill[1 ,ri*>d1 ext5d+ table pat5t$ "w ( ,gill['s ,records ,gill['s ,"w ,gla/onbury ,*air ,gobel9s ,tape/ry ,godw91 ,mr4 ,g41 ref]r$ to ,godw91 ,mr4 ,e4,w4 ,goodri* ,c\rt ,gore ,h\se1 ,exhibition at ,go?ic ,ar*itecture ,go?ic ,"w ,fr5* ,g]man ,*ipp5dale's ,g\gh1 ,visc\nt1 collection ( ,g\?ire1 ,pi]re ,gray's ,inn ,hall ,greek ,furniture ,greuze1 ref]5ce to ,hamilton ,palace ,collection ,hampton ,c\rt ,palace ,h>dwick ,hall ,h>psi*ord1 ! ,h>rison quot$ ,hatfield ,h\se ,hebrew ,furniture ,h5ri ,,ii4 "t ( ,h5ri ,,iv4 /yle ( ,art 9 ,france ,h5ry ,,viii ,hepple:ite1 "w ( ,h]culaneum & ,pompeii discov]y ( ,h]b]t's ,antiquities ,h]t=d ,h\se ,collection ,holbe9 ,holl& ,h\se ,holl& ,sons ,holmes1 ,w41 design] ,home ,arts & ,indu/ries ,association ,hope1 ,?omas1 design by ,hopk9son's ,pianos ,hotel de ,bohme ,h[>d ,sons1 firm (1 f\nd$ ,ince ,w41 contempor>y ( ,*ipp5dale ,indian ,furniture ,indian ,museum1 ,! ,indo-,portuguese ,furniture ,int>sia ,"w1 or ,t>sia ,inv5tories1 old ,italian ,c>v$ ,furniture ,italian ,r5aissance ,jackson1 ,mr4 ,t4,g41 ,a4,r4,a41 ref]r$ to ,jackson ,graham ,jacobean ,furniture ,jacquem>t1 ,m41 ref]5ce to ,japan1 ! ,revolution 9 ,japanese ,jo9]1 ! ,japann$ ,furniture ,jeanne d',albret1 ,b$/ead ( ,jones1 ,inigo ,jones ,collection1 ,! ,kauffmann1 ,angelica ,k5s+ton1 ,s\?1 ,museum1 f\ndation ( ,k5s+ton1 ,s\?1 ,museum1 ref]5ce to specim5s 9 ! ,khorsabad1 ref]5ce to ,kirkman's exhibit ,knife cases ,knole ,lacqu] ,"w1 ,*9ese & ,japanese ,indian ,p]sian ,lacroix1 ,paul1 ref]5ce to ,lancret1 arti/ ,lay>d1 ,sir ,au/51 ref]5ce to ,lebrun1 arti/ ,leighton1 ,sir ,f41 ref]r$ to ,leo ,x41 ,pope ,le?>by1 ,mr4 ,w4,r4 ,lit*field ,radclyffe ,liv]y cupbo>ds ,long=d ,ca/le ,collection ,longman ,brod]ip ,longleat ,l\is ,,xiii4 ,furniture ,l\is ,,xiv dea? ( ,l\is ,,xv dea? ( ,l\is ,,xvi ,l\vre1 ,! ,macaulay1 ,"l1 quot$ ,ma*9e-made ,furniture ,madrid1 ,fr5* ,furniture 9 ,mahogany1 introduction ( ,mansion ,h\se1 ,furniture ( ! ,m>ie ,antionette ,m>ie ,l\ise1 ,cab9et design$ = ,m>quet]ie ,maskell1 ,mr41 ref]5ce to ,mayhew1 ,j41 contempor>y ( ,*ipp5dale ,m$icis ,family1 influ5ce ( ! ,meyrick1 ,s4 ,middle ,temple ,hall ,miles & ,edw>ds ,milton quot$ ,mirror1 ,mosaic ,mirrors1 introduction ( ,mobili] ,national1 ! collection ( ,mod]n fa%ion ( ,furni%+ ,mogul ,empire1 ,! ,monbro ,morant's ,furniture ,m\nt+ ( ,furniture ,muni*1 ,"w & ,exhibition ( ,napoleon allud$ to ,nilson1 ,fr5* c>v] ,norman civilization1 influ5ce ( ,nor? ,holl&1 ,furniture ( ,notes & ,qu]ies ,n9eveh1 ,discov]ies 9 ,oak ,panell+ ,ori5tal ,cons]vatism ,ottoman1 d]ivation ( ,panell+ 7oak7 ,papi]-ma* ,"w ,passe1 ,c4 de ,paxton1 ,sir ,joseph ,p5%ur/ ,place ,p]golesi ,p]k9s1 ,mr4 ,c4 translator ( ,kun/ im ,hause ,p]sian ,designs ,pian(orte1 ! ,picau1 ,fr5* c>v] ,pietra-dura introduc$ ,p9d]1 ,sir ,paul1 h\se ( ,poll51 ,mr4 ,j4 ,hung]=d1 ref]5ces to ,portuguese ,"w ,prie ,dieu ,*air1 ! ,prignot1 ,designs ( ,prior1 ,mr4 ,edw>d1 essay on ,furniture ,pug91 ,mr4 ,a4,w41 "w ( ,que5 ,anne ,furniture ,que5's ,collection1 ,! ,rac9et's ,"w1 ,le ,co/ume ,hi/orique ,radspiel] ( ,muni* 7manufactur]7 ,raffaele1 ref]r$ to ,raleigh1 ,sir ,w4 ,reg5cy1 ,p]iod ( !1 9 ,france ,r5aissance ,r5aissance 9 ,engl& ,france ,g]many ,italy ,! ,ne!rl&s ,spa9 ,revolution1 ,! ,fr5* ,revival ( ,art 9 ,france ,ric>do1 ,mr4 ,halsey ,ri*>dson's ,/udies ,ries5]1 ,c\rt ,eb5i/e ,rob9son1 ,mr4 ,g4,t41 quot$ ,rococo ,/yle1 ! ,rog]s1 ,h>ry1 "w ( ,roman ,furniture ,rusk91 ,mr41 quot$ ,russian ,woodwork ,/4 ,augu/9e's ,*air ,/4 ,giles'1 ,bloomsbury ,/4 ,pet]'s ,*airs ,/4 ,pet]'s ,*ur* ,/4 ,savi\r's ,*apel ,sallu/1 ,h\se ( ,salt+1 ,mr41 collection ( ,salzburg1 ,bi%op's ,palace at ,s&r+ham ,h\se1 ref]r$ to ,s>ac5ic ,art ,s>to1 ,&rea del ,sat9wood1 introduction ( ,sc&9avian ,woodwork ,sci5ce & ,art ,dep>tm5t1 ,! ,scott1 ,sir ,walt]1 ref]5ce to ,scre5s1 ,l\is ,,xv4 p]iod ,secret ,draw]s1 etc41 9 ,furniture ,s$an ,*air1 ! ,s$don1 ,?omas1 & 8 ,sons1 ,"w ( ,s]illy4 ,m>quise de1 ,b\doir ( ,svres ,porcela91 introduction ( ,%akespe>e's ,*air ,%akespe>e1 quot$ ,%aw1 ,mr4 ,norman1 ,r4,a4 ,%aw's ,anci5t ,furniture ,%]aton1 ,?omas1 ,"w ( ,%i%am ,wood ,sidebo>d1 ref]5ce to ! ,sk9n]s' ,company1 ,! ,smi?1 ,major ,g5]al ,murdo*1 ref]5ce to ,smi?1 ,mr4 ,george1 explor]1 ref]5ce to ,smi?1 ,george1 manufactur] ,snell1 ,"w ( ,soane ,museum1 ,! ,society ( ,arts1 ,! ,society ( ,uphol/]]s & ,cab9et ,mak]s ,s(a1 d]ivation ( ,s\? ,k5s+ton4 ,see ,k5s+ton ,spani% ,furniture ,speke ,hall1 ,liv]pool ,spoon ,cases ,/ation]s' ,hall ,/eam p[] appli$ to manufactures ,/eph5s1 ,mr41 ref]r$ to ,/ockton ,h\se ,/one1 ,mr4 ,m>cus ,/rawb]ry ,hill ,sale ,/reet1 ,mr41 ,r4,a4 ,/rudwick1 ,j41 design] ,sydney1 ,sir ,philip ,tab]nacle1 ,! ,table1 ,dormant ,draw+s ,ext5d+ ,fold+ ,fram$ ,kneehole ,pi] ,side ,jo9$ ,/&+ ,w9e ,tables & ,tre/les ,tadema1 ,mr4 ,alma1 ,r4,a41 design by ,t>sia ,"w1 or ,int>sia ,tea ,caddies ,?ack]ay1 quot$ ,!ebaw1 ,k+1 ,b$/ead ( ,?y9e ,wood ,times ,newspap]1 ,!1 quot$ ,titian ,toms ,luscombe ,t[n ,emanuel ,trades ,unionism ,traditions1 loss ( old ,transition p]iod ,trianon1 ,! ,trollopes f\nd$ ,ulm1 ,ca!dral ( ,urn ,/&s1 ! ,ve5]s ,v5ice1 importance ( ,v5ice1 ref]r$ to ,v]brugg5s1 ! ,v]nis ,m>t9 ,v]sailles1 ,palace ( ,victorian 7e>ly7 ,furniture ,v9ci1 ,l4 da ,viollet-le-,duc ,vriesse1 ,v4 de ,wales1 ,h4,r4,h4 ,pr9ce (1 ,art ,collection ( ,wallace1 ,sir ,ri*>d1 ,collection ( ,walpole1 ,horace ,w>e1 ,great ,b$ ( ,wat]h\se1 ,mr41 ,r4,a4 ,watteau ,webb1 ,mr4 ,/eph5 ,w$gwood1 ,josiah ,w]!im]1 ,s4 ,we/m9/] ,abbey ,wilk9son1 ( ,ludgate ,hill ,williamson 7,mobili] ,national7 ,w9e ,tables ,woods us$ = ,furniture ,wootton1 ,sir ,h5ry1 quot$ ,wr51 ,sir ,*ri/oph]1 ref]r$ to ,wright1 ,mr41 ,f4,s4,a1 ref]r$ to ,wyatt1 ,sir ,digby1 pap] read by ,york ,h\se1 describ$ 9 ! ,art ,j\rnal ,york ,m9/]1 ,*air 9 ,li/ ( ,subscrib]s4 ,,h] ,,maje/y ,,! ,,que5 7,= ! ,royal ,libr>y74 ,h4,i4,m4 ,,! ,,empress ,,fr$]ick ,,( ,,g]many4 ,h4,r4,h4 ,,! ,,duke ,,( ,,ed9burgh4 ,h4,r4,h4 ,,! ,,pr9cess ,,l\ise 7,m>*ioness ( ,lorne74 ,h4,r4,h4 ,,! ,,du*ess ,,( ,,teck4 ,,ab]cromby1 ,,rt4 ,,hon4 ,,"l4 ,,ab]de5 ,,public ,,libr>y4 ,,agnew1 ,,sir ,,&rew ,,noel1 ,,b>t4 ,,affleck1 ,,lady4 ,,all51 ,e4,g41 #bh1 ,h5rietta ,/reet1 ,cov5t ,g>d51 ,london4 ,,amh]/1 ,w4 ,,amhur/ ,,tyss51 ,m4,p41 ,didl+ton ,hall1 ,norfolk4 ,,&]son1 ,w4 ,,sons1 ,newca/le4 ,,&rews ,co41 ,durham4 ,,ang/1 ,h41 ,h4,b4,m4 ,consul1 ,zuri*4 ,,a%burnham1 ,,rt4 ,,hon4 ,,e>l ,,(4 ,,a%wor?1 ,a41 ,man*e/]4 ,,bagott1 ,,h5ry ,,pe>man1 ,dudley1 ,worce/]4 ,,bailey1 ,,?omas ,j41 ,a4,r4,i4,b4,a41 ,s*ool ,bo>d ( ,london1 ,victoria ,embankm5t1 ,we/m9/]4 ,,balf\r1 ,,*>les ,b41 ,j4,p41 ,balgonie1 ,fife4 ,,balf\r1 ,,george ,w41 ,m4,d41 ,,ll4,d41 #ag1 ,walk] ,/reet1 ,ed9burgh4 ,,balf\r1 ,,capta9 ,j4 ,e4 ,h41 #c1 ,b]keley ,squ>e1 ,london4 ,,bahr1 ,,william1 #aai1 ,*>lotte ,/reet1 ,fitzroy ,squ>e1 ,london4 ,,ball1 ,,norris ,,hadley1 #e1 ,argyll ,place1 ,london4 ,,b>b]1 ,w41 ,sw9d51 ,halifax4 ,,b>nes1 ,j4,w41 ,f4,s4,a41 ,durham4 ,,b>ratt1 ,,?omas4 ,,b>tlett1 ,,george ,a41 #a1 ,wolv]ton ,g>d5s1 ,london4 ,,batt]sea ,,public ,,libr>y4 ,,battiscombe ,,h>ris1 #di & #ej1 ,great ,m>ylebone ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,baxt] ,co41 ,colegate ,/reet1 ,norwi*4 ,,bazley1 ,,sir ,,?omas ,s41 ,,b>t4 ,,beloe1 ,,edw>d ,,millig51 ,f4,s4,a41 ,p>adise1 ,k+'s ,lynn4 ,,b5nett-,,poe1 ,j4,t41 ,a%ley ,place1 ,s4,w4 ,,b]es=d-,,peirse1 ,,sir ,,h5ry1 ,,b>t4 ,,bevan1 ,,rev4 ,,philip ,,*>les1 ,m>* ,baldon ,rectory1 ,ne> ,ox=d4 ,,bibby1 ,,james ,j4 ,,bir*1 ,,*>les ,e41 #ai1 ,bloomsbury ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,birdwood1 ,,sir ,,george1 ,k4,c4,i4,e41 ,c4,s4,i41 ,m4,d4 ,,blackburne ,,john/on1 ,wells ,/reet1 ,ox=d ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,blomfield1 ,,sir ,,ar?ur ,w41 ,m4,a41 ,a4,r4,a4 ,,bonham1 ,f4,j41 #fe1 ,ox=d ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,bools1 ,w4,e41 #g1 ,cornhill1 ,london4 ,,borradaile1 ,,*>les1 ,brighton4 ,,b\cneau1 ,a4 ,j4 ,h41 #cdi1 ,eu/on ,rd41 ,london4 ,,boys ,,spurge1 #gi1 ,great ,ea/]n ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,brad%aw1 ,,*ri/oph]1 ,man*e/]4 ,,brady ,,son1 #gd1 ,high ,/reet1 ,p]?4 ,,br]eton1 ,,pr(essor ,w4,w41 ,galway4 ,,brett1 ,,dr41 #fc1 ,%eph]d's ,bu% ,road1 ,london4 ,,briggs1 ,r4,a41 ,f4,r4,i4,b4,a41 #b1 ,devon%ire ,squ>e1 ,london4 ,,brooke1 ,,h5ry1 #bj1 ,holl& ,p>k ,villas1 ,london4 ,,br[n ,,bro!rs1 #aad;a1 ,george ,/reet1 ,ed9burgh4 ,,bruce1 ,,isaac1 #d1 ,maitl& ,/reet1 ,ed9burgh4 ,,bulkeley-,,ow51 ,rev4 ,t4,m41 ,t$smore ,hall1 ,oswy/ry4 ,,burd1 ,j4,s41 ,compton ,gif=d1 ,plym\?4 ,,burn>d1 ,,rob]t1 #c4 ,hillsbor\gh1 ,plym\?4 ,,butts1 ,,capta91 ,! ,salt]ns1 ,p>k/one1 ,dorset4 ,,ca9e1 ,h4,j41 ,deanwood1 ,newbury4 ,,campbell1 ,,sir ,,ar*ibald1 ,s4 ,j4 7( ,succo?71 ,b>t4 ,,campbell1 ,,sir ,,guy4 ,,c>liuan ,,beaumetz1 ,rue ,beaurepaire1 ,p>is4 ,,c>mi*ael1 ,,sir ,t4,d41 ,gibson1 ,b>t4 ,,c>r+ton1 ,,h[>d1 #ci1 ,high ,/reet1 ,/ockport4 ,,ca/le1 ,,reub51 ,f4,r4,i4,b4,a41 ,we/gate1 ,cleckheaton4 ,,*amb]la91 ,,rt4 ,,hon4 ,,joseph1 ,m4,p4 ,,*amb]la91 ,,k+ ,,jones1 #bg1 ,union ,/reet1 ,birm+ham4 ,,*apman1 ,h41 ,w9dsor ,hall1 ,w9dsor ,/reet1 ,brighton4 ,,*ri/ie1 ,,manson ,,woods1 ,k+ ,/reet1 ,/4 ,james' ,squ>e1 ,london4 ,,civil ,,s]vice ,,supply ,,association1 ,b$=d ,/reet1 ,/r&1 ,london4 ,,clapp]ton1 ,w4,r4 ,co41 #ei1 ,pr9ces ,/reet1 ,ed9burgh4 ,,clapton1 ,,edw>d1 ,esq41 ,m4,d41 ,f4,l4,s41 #bb1 ,/4 ,?omas ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,cl>k1 ,,william1 ,ox=d ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,clif=d1 ,,samuel1 #ad1 ,goldsmi? ,/reet1 ,nott+ham4 ,,cl[es1 ,j4,e41 ,quay1 ,great ,y>m\?4 ,,coates1 ,,major ,,edw>d ,f41 ,tayles ,hill1 ,ewell1 ,surrey4 ,,co*ran1 ,,alex1 #bb1 ,bly!wood ,squ>e1 ,glasg[4 ,,coh5 ,,sons1 ,b41 #a1 ,curta9 ,road1 ,london4 ,,colt1 ,e4,w41 ,m4,a41 ,hagley ,hall1 ,rugeley4 ,,conra? ,,sons1 ,s\? ,audley ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,cook1 ,j41 ,,son1 #hj1 ,m>ket ,/reet1 ,ed9burgh4 ,,combe1 ,r4,h41 ,d4,l41 ,j4,p41 ,surrey4 ,,coop]1 ,,rev4 ,,canon ,w4,h41 ,f4,r4,g4,s41 #ai1 ,delahay ,/reet1 ,we/m9/]4 ,,coop]1 ,,joseph1 ,granville ,t]race1 ,ly?am4 ,,corn=d1 ,l4 ,,cope1 ,a4,r4,i4,b4,a41 ,norfolk ,road1 ,brighton4 ,,c\nt1 ,f4,w41 ,m>ket ,place1 ,ea/ ,d]eham4 ,,corni% ,,bros41 #cg1 ,new ,/reet1 ,birm+ham4 ,,corni% ,,son1 ,j41 ,liv]pool4 ,,corni%1 ,j4,e41 #af1 ,/4 ,ann's ,squ>e1 ,man*e/]4 ,,c\nt1 ,f4,w41 ,m>ket ,place1 ,ea/ ,d]eham4 ,,c[ie1 ,,rob]t1 #ci;b1 ,que5sf]ry ,/reet1 ,ed9burgh4 ,,craigie1 ,e4,w41 #h1 ,fop/one ,road1 ,london4 ,,cranbrook1 ,,rt4 ,,hon4 ,,visc\nt1 ,g4,c4,s4,i4 ,,cran=d1 ,r41 ,d>tm\?4 ,,cran/on ,,elliot1 #dg1 ,nor? ,bridge1 ,ed9burgh4 ,,creighton1 ,,david ,h41 ,museum ,r4,s4,a4,i1 ,kilk5ny1 ,irel&4 ,,crisp1 ,h4,b41 ,saxmundham4 ,,cr(t1 ,,ar?ur1 ,s\? ,p>k1 ,wadhur/1 ,surrey4 ,,cross1 ,f4 ,,ri*>dson1 ,m4,b41 ,f4,r4,c4,s4 ,,cr[ley1 ,,reg9ald ,a41 ,a4,r4,i4,b4,a41 #if1 ,george ,/reet1 ,croydon4 ,,cunn+ham1 ,,g5]al ,,sir ,a4 ,,cutl]1 ,,?omas1 ,f4,r4,i4,b4,a1 #e1 ,que5's ,squ>e1 ,london4 ,,dalrymple1 ,hon4 ,h4,e4,w41 ,b>gany1 ,girvan1 ,ayr%ire4 ,,d>m/a$t]1 ,,dr41 ,b]l94 ,,dav5port1 ,,h5ry1 ,c4,c41 ,woodcr(t1 ,leek4 ,,davies1 ,,rev4 ,,g]ald ,s41 ,*>t]h\se1 ,godalm+4 ,,davis1 ,,colonel ,,john1 ,sifrons1 ,f>nboro'1 ,hants4 ,,davis1 ,,james ,w41 ,f4,s4,a41 ,*ev9$ge1 ,halifax4 ,,de ,,ba!1 ,,g5]al ,,sir ,,h5ry1 ,,b>t4 ,,de ,l',,isle ,,dudley1 ,,rt4 ,,hon4 ,,"l1 ,p5%ur/ ,place1 ,tonbridge4 ,,de ,,traf=d1 ,,humphrey ,f41 #cf1 ,*>les ,/reet1 ,b]keley ,squ>e1 ,london4 ,,de ,,saum>ez1 ,,rt4 ,,hon4 ,,"l4 ,,deb5ham ,,freebody1 ,wigmore ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,d]by1 ,,rt1 ,,hon4 ,,e>l ,,(41 ,k4,g4 ,,dorm]1 ,,rol&1 ,m9i/ry ( ,f9ance1 ,cairo4 ,,d\glas1 ,,gr5ville4 ,,d[n+1 ,,william1 ,afonwan1 ,acock's ,gre51 ,birm+ham4 ,,dove/on',s1 ,man*e/]4 ,,drey1 ,a4,s41 ,muni*4 ,,druce ,co41 ,bak] ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,drury-,,lav91 ,,mrs4 ,,dulau ,co41 #cg1 ,soho ,squ>e1 ,london4 ,,dundee ,,free ,,libr>y4 ,,durham1 ,,rt4 ,,hon4 ,,e>l ,,(4 ,,duve51 ,j4,j41 ,ox=d ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,ea/]1 ,,george1 ,free ,libr>y1 ,norwi*1 ,,edis1 ,,colonel1 ,f4,s4,a41 ,f4,r4,i4,b4,a41 #ad1 ,fitzroy ,squ>e1 ,london4 ,,edw>ds ,,rob]ts1 ,w>d\r ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,egg9ton1 ,,john1 ,milv]ton ,erleigh1 ,read+4 ,,elliot1 ,,&rew1 #ag1 ,pr9ces ,/reet1 ,ed9burgh4 ,,elliott1 ,,horace1 #ah1 ,que5's ,road1 ,bayswat]1 ,london4 ,,elwes1 ,h4 ,t41 ,fir ,bank1 ,ea/ ,grim/ead4 ,,empson1 ,c4 ,w41 ,palace ,c\rt1 ,bayswat]1 ,london4 ,,evans1 ,,colonel ,,john1 ,hor%am4 ,,fane1 ,w4 ,d41 ,melb\rne ,hall1 ,d]by4 ,,f5wick1 ,j4 ,g41 ,moorl&s1 ,newca/le-on-,tyne4 ,,f]ri]1 ,,george ,,/raton1 ,r4,s4,w41 #da1 ,h]iot ,r[1 ,ed9burgh4 ,,ffoolkes1 ,8 ,,hon\r ,,judge ,,wynne1 ,old ,nor?gate ,h\se1 ,*e/]4 ,,firbank1 ,j4 ,t41 ,d4,l41 ,j4,p41 ,coop]s1 ,*islehur/4 ,,fi%]1 ,,edw>d1 ,f4,s4,a4 ,scot41 ,abbotsbury1 ,newton-,abbot4 ,,fi%]1 ,,samuel ,t41 ,! ,grove1 ,/rea?am4 ,,flem+1 ,,mrs4 ,,rob]t1 ,wald51 ,*islehur/4 ,,flet*]1 ,w41 ,tott5ham ,c\rt ,road1 ,london4 ,,=d1 ,,onsl[1 ,a4,r4,a41 #fb1 ,acacia ,road1 ,reg5t's ,p>k1 ,n4,w4 ,,=re/]1 ,,rob]t1 ,glasg[4 ,,fo/]1 ,,capta91 ,j4,p41 ,d4,l41 ,apley ,p>k1 ,bridgnor?4 ,,fo/]1 ,j4 ,,collie1 #dd;a1 ,gutt] ,lane1 ,london4 ,,fox ,,jacobs1 #fi1 ,wigmore ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,fraeur1 ,,fr$]ick1 ,greek ,/reet1 ,soho1 ,london4 ,,fra91 ,,william1 ,dundee4 ,,francis1 ,,john ,h41 #ag1 ,reg5t ,place1 ,birm+ham4 ,,frankau1 ,mrs41 ,weym\? ,/reet1 ,portl& ,place1 ,london4 ,,fras] ,co41 ,a41 #g1 ,union ,/reet1 ,inv]ness4 ,,fri?1 ,,miss ,,l\ise1 #ah1 ,fulham ,road1 ,london4 ,,full]1 ,b4 ,,frankl91 #af1 ,great ,ea/]n ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,fuzzey1 ,j4 ,a4 ,j41 ,p5zance4 ,,gra9]1 ,j4 ,w41 ,m4,b4 ,ed941 ,belmont ,h\se1 ,?rap/one1 ,nor?ampton4 ,,gall[ay1 ,,john1 ,ab]de54 ,,g>dn]1 ,,george1 #bji1 ,brompton ,road1 ,london4 ,,g>nett1 ,,rob]t1 ,j4 ,p41 ,w>r+ton4 ,,g>rod1 ,,turn] ,,son1 ,ipswi*4 ,,gibbons1 ,,dr41 #bi1 ,cadogan ,place1 ,london4 ,,gibson1 ,,rob]t1 ,pitt ,/reet1 ,portobello4 ,,gilb]t1 ,,george ,,ralph1 ,dunolly1 ,torquay4 ,,gillilan1 ,,wm41 #f1 ,palace ,gate1 ,bayswat]1 ,london4 ,,gill[ ,co41 ,lanca/]4 ,,gill[s1 ,messrs41 #djf1 ,ox=d ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,godfree1 ,a4 ,h41 #ah1 ,holl& ,villas ,road1 ,bayswat]1 ,london4 ,,goo*1 ,,sir ,,alfr$ ,,%]lock4 ,,goodall1 ,e4 ,co41 ,limit$1 ,man*e/]4 ,,goldsmid1 ,,sir ,,julian1 ,,b>t41 ,m4,p4 ,,gos=d1 ,,"r ,,hon4 ,,e>l ,,(1 ,k4,p41 ,,g[1 ,,james ,m41 #ff1 ,george ,/reet1 ,ed9burgh4 ,,gr& ,,hotel1 ,nor?umb]l& ,av5ue1 ,london4 ,,gre51 ,j4 ,l41 #fd1 ,k+'s ,road1 ,camd5 ,road1 ,london4 ,,gre5all1 ,,lady1 ,walton ,hall1 ,w>r+ton4 ,,gre5wood ,,sons1 ,/onegate1 ,york4 ,,gregory ,co41 ,reg5t ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,guild1 ,! ,decorative ,arts1 ,limd41 #b1 ,hanov]-,squ>e1 ,london4 ,,gurney1 ,,ri*>d1 ,nor?repps ,hall1 ,norwi*4 ,,gu?rie1 ,d4 ,c4 ,,hall1 ,,mrs4 ,,dick9son1 ,:atton ,manor1 ,nott+ham4 ,,hamburg] ,,bros41 ,utre*t4 ,,ham]1 ,,william1 ,mayfield1 ,knuts=d4 ,,hamilton1 ,,?omas1 ,man*e/]4 ,,hampton ,,sons1 ,pall ,mall ,ea/1 ,london4 ,,hannay1 ,a4 ,a41 #hj1 ,coleman ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,hansell1 ,p4 ,e41 ,wroxh>n ,h\se1 ,norwi*4 ,,h>d+1 ,,george1 ,*>+ ,cross ,road1 ,london4 ,,h>dy1 ,e4 ,,m]$i?1 #i1 ,s9clair ,g>d5s1 ,k5s+ton4 ,,h>rison1 ,h4,e4,b41 ,devon%ire ,road1 ,liv]pool4 ,,h>vey1 ,,rev4 ,,canon1 ,vic>'s ,c\rt1 ,l9coln4 ,,hawes1 ,g4 ,e41 ,duke's ,palace ,jo9]y ,works1 ,norwi*4 ,,hawk9s1 ,a4 ,p41 ,new ,york4 ,,hawk9s1 ,,?omas1 ,bridge ,h\se1 ,newbury4 ,,hawsell1 ,p4 ,e41 ,wroxham1 ,norfolk4 ,,hayne1 ,,*>les ,,seale1 ,m4,p41 #f1 ,upp] ,belgrave ,/reet1 ,london ,,hayw>d1 ,,mrs41 ,mossley ,hill1 ,liv]pool4 ,,head=t1 ,,! ,,mo/ ,,noble ,,m>*ioness ,,(4 ,,hems1 ,,h>ry1 ,exet]4 ,,h]r+1 ,,dr4 ,,h]b]t ,t41 #ej1 ,h>ley ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,hesse1 ,miss1 ,! ,lodge1 ,haslem]e1 ,surrey4 ,,hewitson1 ,,miln] ,,!xton1 ,tott5ham ,c\rt ,road1 ,london4 ,,hillh\se1 ,,james1 #ej1 ,l9coln's ,inn ,fields1 ,w4,c4 ,,h9d1 ,,john1 ,man*e/]4 ,,hobson1 ,,ri*>d1 ,j4 ,p41 ,d4,l1 etc41 ,! ,m>=ds1 ,brombor\gh1 ,*e%ire4 ,,hockliffe1 ,t4 ,h41 ,high ,/reet1 ,b$=d4 ,,hodges1 ,w4,d41 #bdi1 ,brompton ,road1 ,london4 ,,hodges1 ,figgis ,co4 #ajd1 ,grafton ,/reet1 ,dubl94 ,,hodgk9s1 ,e4 ,m41 ,k+ ,/reet1 ,/4 ,james's ,squ>e1 ,london4 ,,hogg ,,c\tts1 #fa1 ,nor? ,fr$]ick ,/reet1 ,ed9burgh ,,holmes1 ,w4 ,r41 ,dunlop ,/reet1 ,glasg[4 ,,hopwood1 ,w41 ,sc>bor\gh4 ,,horlock1 ,,rev4 ,,george1 ,/4 ,olave's ,vic>age1 ,hanbury ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,hornby1 ,,admiral ,,sir ,g4 ,,phipps4 ,,hotel ,,metropolis1 ,london4 ,,h\ghton1 ,,c$ric1 #ag1 ,ribblesdale ,place1 ,pre/on4 ,,hozi]1 ,,sir ,,william ,w41 ,b>t4 ,,humb]t1 ,,son ,,fl9t1 ,wat=d & ,l9coln's ,inn4 ,,hunt1 ,,william1 #e1 ,york ,build+s1 ,adelphi4 ,,hunt]1 ,,rev4 ,,*>les1 ,help]by1 ,yorks4 ,,hunt]1 ,,fr$]ick1 #ge1 ,portl& ,place1 ,london4 ,,hunt]1 ,r4 ,w41 #ai1 ,george ,,iv4 ,bridge1 ,ed9burgh ,,iveagie1 ,rt4 ,hon4 ,"l4 ,,jackson1 ,w4 ,l41 ,m4,p41 ,*ief ,secret>y = ,irel&4 ,,jacob1 ,w4 ,,heaton1 #bi1 ,s9clair ,g>d5s1 ,london4 ,,j>rold ,,sons1 ,norwi*4 ,,j5k9s1 ,,john ,j41 ,! ,grange1 ,swansea4 ,,j]ome1 ,,j]ome ,k41 ,alpha ,place1 ,/4 ,john's ,wood4 ,,joicey1 ,,mrs4 ,e41 ,halt:i/le4 ,,john/on1 ,,william1 #dc1 ,cambridge ,road1 ,hove4 ,,jones1 ,,y>rell ,,co41 #h1 ,bury ,/reet1 ,j]myn ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,joseph1 ,,edw>d1 #be1 ,dov] ,/reet1 ,piccadilly1 ,london4 ,,joseph1 ,,felix1 ,ea/b\rne4 ,j[]s1 ,alfr$1 ,a4,r4,i4,b4,a41 #g1 ,gray's ,inn ,squ>e1 ,london4 ,,keates1 ,,dr4 ,w4 ,,coop]1 #b1 ,tr$eg> ,villas1 ,ea/ ,dulwi* ,road1 ,london4 ,,kelv91 ,,rt4 ,,hon4 ,,"l4 ,,kemp-,,wel*1 ,,*>les ,,durant1 ,brookl&s1 ,ascot4 ,,k5dal1 ,,milne ,,co41 ,man*e/]4 ,,k5nett1 ,w4 ,b41 #hi1 ,high ,/reet1 ,s&gate4 ,,k5t1 ,a4 ,t4 ,,k5yon1 ,,george1 #ce1 ,new ,bond ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,k+1 ,,alfr$1 ,k5s+ton ,c\rt ,mansions1 ,london4 ,knight1 ,j4 ,w41 #cc1 ,hyde ,p>k ,squ>e1 ,london1 ,,knox1 ,,james1 #ca1 ,upp] ,k5s+ton ,lane1 ,london4 ,,la9son1 ,,?41 ,son1 #agj1 ,nor? ,/reet1 ,brighton4 ,,lang=d1 ,,rt4 ,,hon4 ,,"l4 ,,l&sb]g1 ,h4 ,,son1 #a1 ,gordon ,place1 ,london4 ,,l>k9s-,,walk]1 ,,lt4 ,,colonel1 #bja1 ,cromwell ,road1 ,london4 ,,laurie1 ,,?omas ,,son1 ,/4 ,v9c5t ,/reet1 ,glasg[4 ,,law1 ,,*>les ,a41 #ec1 ,highgate ,hill1 ,london4 ,,lee1 ,a4 ,g41 ,alex&] ,h\se1 ,sol5t ,road1 ,w4 ,hamp/ead4 ,,leigh1 ,,mrs41 ,tabley ,h\se1 ,knuts=d4 ,,leighton1 ,sir ,fr$]ic ,p4,r4,a4 ,,leighton1 ,capta9 ,f41 ,p>sons ,gre51 ,fulham1 ,london4 ,,l5nox1 ,d41 ,m4 ,d41 #add1 ,ne!rgate1 ,dundee4 ,,le?bridge1 ,,capta9 ,e41 #bj1 ,/4 ,pet] ,/reet1 ,w9*e/]4 ,,lewis1 ,,miss ,,wyndham1 #cc1 ,hans ,place1 ,london4 ,,lit*field1 ,,samuel1 ,! ,lord%ip1 ,*e%unt4 ,,lit*field1 ,t4 ,g41 ,bruton ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,l9dsay-,,c>negie1 ,j4 ,p41 ,d4,l41 ,co4 ,=f>4 ,,lod]1 ,r4 ,b41 #dg1 ,grosv5or ,squ>e1 ,london4 ,,long1 ,,na?aniel1 ,tuckey ,/reet1 ,cork4 ,,"l ,,co41 ,w4 ,,turn]1 #abj1 ,m\nt ,/reet1 ,grosv5or ,squ>e1 ,london4 ,,longd51 ,h41 ,london & ,%effield4 ,,l[e1 ,j4 ,w41 ,ridge ,hall1 ,*apel-,en-,le-,fri?4 ,,lucas1 ,,seym\r1 ,a4,r4,a41 ,wood*ur* ,road1 ,we/ ,hamp/ead4 ,,lynam1 ,c41 ,f4,r4,i4,b4,a41 ,/oke-,on-,tr5t4 ,,mc&rew1 ,,john4 ,,macdonald1 ,a4 ,r41 #aj1 ,*e/] ,/reet1 ,s4,w4 ,,macdonald1 ,,dudley ,,w>d1 #ae1 ,e>ls' ,t]race1 ,k5s+ton1 ,w4 ,,mack1 ,,?omas1 ,man*e/]4 ,,mckie1 ,,miss1 ,dumfries1 ,n4,b ,,mack9to%1 ,j4 ,r41 ,/4 ,giles ,/reet1 ,ed9burgh4 ,,man*e/] ,,free ,,libr>y4 ,,mann1 ,j4 ,p41 ,adamson ,road1 ,n4,w4 ,,mann]+1 ,e4 ,h41 ,hillside1 ,arkwright ,road1 ,hamp/ead4 ,,mant1 ,rev4 ,newton1 ,! ,vic>age1 ,h5don1 ,n4,w4 ,,maple1 ,j4 ,blundell1 ,m4,p4 ,,m>ks1 ,h4 ,/acy1 ,r4,a4 ,,m>%all1 ,,ar?ur1 ,a4,r4,i4,b4,a41 ,cauldon ,place1 ,long ,r[1 ,nott+ham4 ,,m>%am1 ,,major ,g4 ,a41 ,j4,p41 ,!t=d4 ,,m>t1 ,,alfr$1 #bb1 ,c>leton ,road1 ,tufnell ,p>k1 ,london4 ,,m>t91 ,,sir ,,!odore1 ,k4,c4,b4 ,,melville1 ,,rt4 ,,hon4 ,,visc\nt4 ,,m5zies1 ,,john ,co41 #ab1 ,hanov] ,/reet1 ,ed9burgh4 ,,miall1 ,g4 ,c41 ,b\v]ie ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,mil=d1 ,,! ,,lady4 ,,mill]1 ,,alfr$1 ,que5's ,road1 ,weybridge4 ,,mill>1 ,,david1 #h1 ,fitzroy ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,mills1 ,r4 ,,mason1 ,b\rne1 ,l9coln%ire4 ,,milne1 ,,rob]t ,o41 ,oakfield1 ,leam+ton4 ,,miln]1 ,,john1 #ahj1 ,great ,portl& ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,mit*ell ,,libr>y1 ,mill] ,/reet1 ,glasg[4 ,,mit*ell1 ,,sydney ,,wilson1 #ac1 ,"y ,/reet1 ,ed9burgh4 ,,morgan ,,sons1 ,hanway ,/reet1 ,w4 ,,morrison1 ,h41 ,public ,libr>y1 ,ed9burgh4 ,,morton1 ,,?omas ,h41 ,m4,d41 ,c4,m41 ,don ,h\se1 ,brightside1 ,%effield4 ,,m\nt/eph51 ,,! ,,lady4 ,,murray1 ,,william1 ,f4,s4,i41 #ha1 ,wood ,gre5 ,%eph]ds ,bu%1 ,london4 ,,murphy1 ,,john1 #bae1 ,brompton ,road1 ,london4 ,,nelson1 ,,rt4 ,,hon4 ,,e>l4 ,,nettlefold1 ,,hugh1 ,hallfield1 ,edgba/on1 ,birm+ham4 ,,nevill1 ,,*>les ,h41 ,bramall ,hall1 ,*e%ire4 ,,newca/le-,,^u-,,tyne ,,public ,,libr>ies4 ,,nicol1 ,,rob]t ,e41 #id1 ,morn+side ,road1 ,ed9burgh4 ,,n9d1 ,p4 ,h41 ,la%lake ,h\se1 ,?ame1 ,oxon4 ,,norman1 ,,james ,t41 #eg1 ,great ,ea/]n ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,nott+ham ,,me*anics' ,,in/itution4 ,,nuttall1 ,,john ,r41 ,m>ket ,place1 ,lanca/]4 ,,nyburg ,co41 #ag1 ,hanway ,/reet1 ,w4 ,,oakeley1 ,,rev4 ,w4 ,,bagnall1 ,newl&1 ,cole=d1 ,gl\ce/]4 ,,oakley1 ,,frank ,p41 ,hang+ ,bridge ,*amb]s1 ,ca!dral ,y>d1 ,man*e/]4 ,,oliv] ,,leeson1 ,bank ,*amb]s1 ,mosley ,/reet1 ,newca/le-on-,tyne4 ,,osborne1 ,,william1 #cj1 ,re=m ,/reet1 ,bei?1 ,n4,b4 ,,ovey1 ,,ri*>d1 ,j4,p41 ,badgemore1 ,h5ley-on-,?ames4 ,,palm]1 ,,! ,,rev4 ,,francis1 #ag1 ,new-,cav5di%-,/reet1 ,w4 ,,p>lane1 ,,james1 ,ru%olme1 ,man*e/]4 ,,p>r1 ,t4 ,,kn[les1 ,i/hmian ,club1 ,s4,w4 ,,pat]son1 ,,smi? ,,innes1 #gg1 ,s\? ,bridge1 ,ed9burgh4 ,,patt]son1 ,w4 ,g41 #ed1 ,george ,/reet1 ,ed9burgh4 ,,pattison1 ,,rob]t ,p41 ,seacliffe1 ,tr9ity4 ,,paul1 ,,alfr$ ,s4 ,h41 ,tetbury4 ,,pe>ce1 ,s4 ,s41 #d1 ,victoria ,p>ade1 ,ramsgate4 ,,pe>se1 ,h41 ,ro*dale4 ,,pe>son1 ,,john ,l41 ,r4,a41 #ac1 ,mansfield ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,peckitt1 ,,lieut4-,,colonel ,r4 ,,wm41 ,?ornton-le-,moor1 ,nor?all]ton4 ,,p5ney1 ,j4 ,,campbell1 #ae1 ,gl\ce/] ,place1 ,ed9burgh4 ,,p5ty1 ,,walt]1 ,g41 ,f4,r4,i4,b4,a41 ,clif=d ,*amb]s1 ,york4 ,,philip1 ,g4 ,,/anley1 #cb1 ,fleet ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,phillips1 ,f4 ,w41 ,! ,manor ,h\se1 ,hit*94 ,,phillips1 ,,moro1 ,we/ ,/reet ,h\se1 ,*i*e/]4 ,,piggot1 ,,revd4 ,,alex&]1 ,lev51 ,fife4 ,,pitt-,,riv]s1 ,,g5]al1 ,f4,s4,a41 #d1 ,grosv5or ,g>d5s1 ,s4,w4 ,,poll>d1 ,,joseph1 ,ni*olas ,/reet1 ,truro4 ,,poll51 ,j4 ,,hung]=d1 ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum4 ,,ponsonby1 ,,hon4 ,,g]ald1 #eg1 ,gre5 ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,portal1 ,,melville1 ,j4,p41 ,mi*eldev]1 ,hants4 ,,pott1 ,,h>ry ,,k]by1 ,! ,c$>s1 ,sunn+hill1 ,ascot4 ,,p[el1 ,h4 ,,p5ry1 ,ca/le ,madoc1 ,brecknock4 ,,p[ell ,,p[ell1 #ah1 ,old ,bond ,/reet1 ,ba?4 ,,p[ell ,,sons1 ,,james1 #ca1 ,osborn ,/reet1 ,hull4 ,,p[is1 ,,"r ,,hon4 ,,e>l ,,(4 ,,prop]t1 ,j4 ,,lumsd51 #aab1 ,gl\ce/] ,t]race1 ,london4 ,,pruyn1 ,,mrs4 ,,john ,v4,l41 ,albany1 ,new ,york4 ,,quantrell1 ,a4 ,s4,s41 #bjc1 ,w>d\r ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,rabbits1 ,w4 ,t41 #f1 ,cadogan ,g>d5s1 ,s4,w4 ,,radcliffe1 ,h4 ,,miles1 ,summ]l&s1 ,k5dal4 ,,radcliffe1 ,r4 ,d41 ,m4,a41 ,f4,s4,a41 ,d>ley1 ,old ,swan1 ,liv]pool4 ,,radnor1 ,,! ,,rt4 ,,hon4 ,,! ,,c\ntess ,,( ,,ramsay1 ,,rob]t1 #cc_/dcg--;,gre5dyke ,/reet1 ,glasg[4 ,,ramsey1 ,,! ,,hon4 ,,mrs4 ,,*>les1 #dh1 ,grosv5or ,/reet1 ,w4 ,,ri*>ds1 ,s41 ,h\nds ,gate1 ,nott+ham4 ,,rigd51 ,,john1 ,j4 ,p41 ,surrey ,h\se1 ,brixton ,hill1 ,s4,w4 ,,riley1 ,,a!l/an1 ,l4,c4,c41 #b1 ,k5s+ton ,c\rt4 ,,riley1 ,,john1 #bj1 ,h>r+ton ,g>d5s1 ,s4,w4 ,,riv+ton1 ,,*>les ,,rob]t1 ,f4,s4,a41 ,/ation]s' ,hall1 ,london4 ,,rob]ts1 ,d4 ,,lloyd1 ,m4,d41 ,f4,r4,c4,p41 ,br\ghton ,p>k1 ,man*e/]4 ,,robson1 ,,edw>d ,r41 ,f4,s4,a41 #i1 ,bridge ,/reet1 ,we/m9/]4 ,,robson1 ,r41 #af1 ,old ,bond ,/reet1 ,w4 ,,robson4 ,,sons1 #db1 ,nor?umb]l& ,/reet1 ,newca/le-on-,tyne4 ,,rog]son1 ,,ar?ur1 ,fleurville1 ,*elt5ham4 ,,roma9e-,,walk]1 ,w4 ,h41 ,a4,r4,i4,b4,a41 ,buck+ham ,/reet1 ,/r&1 ,london4 ,,rose1 ,,alg]non1 ,f4,r4,g4,s41 ,great ,pult5ey ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,ro?s*ild1 ,,! ,,lady4 ,,ro?s*ild1 ,,leopold ,,de1 #e1 ,hamilton ,place1 ,w4 ,,russell1 ,,john1 ,m4 ,b41 #adb1 ,wat]loo ,road1 ,burslem4 ,,sackville1 ,,rt4 ,,hon4 ,,"l1 ,knole ,p>k1 ,sev5oaks4 ,,salmon1 ,w4 ,,=re/1 ,f4,r4,i4,b4,a41 #aig1 ,/4 ,v9c5t1 ,/reet1 ,glasg[4 ,,sait]1 ,s4 ,,james ,a41 ,f4,r4,s41 ,bas+field1 ne> ,bas+/oke4 ,,s&]s1 ,t4 ,r4 ,h41 ,old ,=e ,/reet1 ,sidm\?4 ,,s&]son1 ,,john1 #eb1 ,b]n]s ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,savory1 ,,horace ,r41 #aa1 ,cornhill1 ,london4 ,,saw]s1 ,,john1 ,go!nburg1 ,sw$54 ,,sci5ce ,,& ,,art ,,dep>tm5t ( ,s\? ,k5s+ton4 ,,scott1 ,a4 ,j41 ,glasg[4 ,,scott1 ,j4 ,t41 #aj1 ,george ,/reet1 ,ed9burgh4 ,,scully1 ,w4 ,c41 #cb1 ,e>l's ,c\rt ,squ>e1 ,london4 ,,%>p1 ,j41 ,f]nwood ,road1 ,newca/le-on-,tyne4 ,,%]borne1 ,,rt4 ,,hon4 ,,"l4 ,,%iell1 ,,john1 #e1 ,bank ,/reet1 ,dundee4 ,,simkiv1 ,w4 ,r41 ,nor? ,hill1 ,col*e/]4 ,,simpson1 ,,?omas ,,sons1 ,silv] ,/reet1 ,halifax4 ,,sims1 ,f4 ,,manley1 ,f4,r4,c4,s41 #ab1 ,h]t=d ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,sion ,,college ,,libr>y1 ,?ames ,embankm5t1 ,london4 ,,slessor1 ,,rev4 ,j4 ,h41 ,! ,rectory1 ,headb\rne1 ,wor?y1 ,w9*e/]4 ,,smiley1 ,,hugh ,h41 ,gall[hill1 ,paisley4 ,,smi?1 ,,*>les1 #ab1 ,gl\ce/] ,t]race1 ,hyde ,p>k1 ,london4 ,,smi?1 ,,edw>d ,,or=d1 ,c\ncil ,h\se1 ,birm+ham4 ,,smi?1 ,f4 ,,b5nett1 #ag1 ,braz5ose ,/reet1 ,man*e/]4 ,,smi?1 ,w4 ,j41 #da #dc1 ,nor? ,/reet1 ,brighton4 ,,sop)1 ,h4 ,t41 ,newca/le-on-,tyne4 ,,sp5ce1 ,c4 ,j41 ,s\? ,pre/on ,lodge1 ,nor? ,%ields4 ,,/5h\se ,,son1 #d1 ,alex&ra ,g>d5s1 ,folke/one4 ,,/eph5s1 ,e4 ,,george1 #e1 ,portman ,/reet1 ,:alley ,range1 ,man*e/]4 ,,/eph5s1 ,j4 ,,wallace1 ,belph1 ,:itmell1 ,nr4 ,*e/]field4 ,,/one1 ,j4 ,h41 ,j4,p41 ,h&swor?4 ,,/orr1 ,j4 ,s41 #bf1 ,k+ ,/reet1 ,cov5t ,g>d54 ,,talbot1 ,,lieut4 ,,colonel ,,g]ald4 ,,talbot1 ,miss1 #c1 ,cav5di% ,squ>e1 ,london4 ,,tann]1 ,,rob]t ,r4,s41 #i1 ,montagu ,/reet1 ,portman ,squ>e1 ,london4 ,,tann]1 ,,sl+sby1 #ajdf1 ,m\nt ,/reet1 ,b]keley ,squ>e1 ,london4 ,,tapl91 ,,john1 #h1 ,blomfield ,road1 ,maida ,vale1 ,london4 ,,task]1 ,g4 ,s41 ,gl5-,a%ton1 ,wimb\rne1 ,dorset4 ,,tate1 ,,john1 ,oakl&s1 ,alnwick4 ,,taylor1 ,,john ,,sons1 #aji1 ,pr9ces ,/reet1 ,ed9burgh4 ,,tempe/1 ,,sir ,,rob]t ,t41 ,,b>t4 ,,tempe/1 ,,major ,a4,c41 ,coleby ,hall1 ne> ,l9coln4 ,,?omason1 ,,yeoville1 ,f4,r4,i4,b4,a41 #i1 ,obs]vatory ,g>d5s1 ,k5s+ton1 ,london4 ,,?ompson1 ,,! ,,lady ,,meysey4 ,,?ompson1 ,j4 ,c4 ,,?ompson1 ,,ri*>d1 ,dr+cote1 ,! ,m\nt1 ,york4 ,,?onet ,,bros41 #fh1 ,ox=d ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,?ynne1 ,j4 ,c41 ,cloi/]s1 ,we/m9/]1 ,london4 ,,traill1 ,,james ,,*ri/ie1 ,j4,p1 ,d4,l41 ,rattan1 ,cai?ness2 & ,hobbi/]1 ,orkney4 ,,tapnall1 ,c41 #fj1 ,/4 ,john's ,road1 ,clifton4 ,,tuniss51 ,g41 #fd1 ,noorde9de1 ,! ,hague4 ,,turn]1 ,r4 ,d41 ,r\ghway1 ,tonbridge4 ,,turn]1 ,,william1 ,man*e/]4 ,,v&]byl1 ,,mrs4 ,,philip1 ,por*e/] ,t]race1 ,london4 ,,vaughan ,co41 #ah1 ,gt4 ,ea/]n ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,v9ce1 ,a4 ,s41 #ad1 ,gt4 ,pult5ey ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,v9ey1 ,,john ,p41 #bf1 ,*>lotte ,/reet1 ,portl& ,place1 ,london4 ,,vo/ ,,fi%]1 ,halifax4 ,,wade1 ,,miss1 ,royal ,s*ool ( ,art ,ne$lework1 ,s\? ,k5s+ton4 ,,wallace1 ,,mrs41 ,fr5* ,hall1 ,gate%ead4 ,,wallis ,co41 ,limit$1 ,holborn ,circus1 ,london4 ,,walt]s1 ,,fr$]ick ,a41 ,a4,r4,i4,b4,a1 #d1 ,great ,que5 ,/reet1 ,we/m9/]4 ,,w>burton1 ,,samuel1 #aj1 ,witton ,polygon1 ,*ee?am ,hill1 ,man*e/]4 ,,w>+1 ,s4 ,j4 ,,sons1 ,bold ,/reet1 ,liv]pool4 ,,w>n] ,,sons1 ,newgate ,/reet1 ,e4,c4 ,,watk9s1 ,,rev4 ,h4 ,g41 ,lilliput ,hill1 ,p>k/one1 ,dorset4 ,,watney1 ,,v]non ,j41 ,b]keley ,squ>e1 ,london4 ,,watt]son1 ,,william ,,crav51 ,hill ,c>r1 ,altr9*am4 ,,watts1 ,g4 ,f41 ,r4,a41 ,little ,holl& ,h\se1 ,k5s+ton1 ,london4 ,,watts1 ,,james1 ,old ,hall1 ,*eadle1 ne> ,man*e/]4 ,,webb1 ,r4 ,,b>rett1 ,bri/ol4 ,,weekes1 ,j4,e41 #ai1 ,s9clair ,g>d5s1 ,w4 ,,well>d1 ,,*>les1 ,/4 ,leon>d ,/reet1 ,bromley-by-,b[4 ,,w]!im]1 ,,a%]1 #aed1 ,new ,bond ,/reet1 ,w4 ,,w]!im]1 ,,*>les1 #ba1 ,norfolk ,/reet1 ,p>k ,lane1 ,w4 ,,we/m9/]1 ,,8 ,,grace ,,! ,,duke ,,(4 ,,we/on1 ,,mrs4 ,e41 ,a%bank1 ,p5ri?4 ,,:>ton1 ,,! ,,rev4 ,,george1 ,radley ,college1 ,ab+don4 ,,:>ton1 ,w4 ,h4 ,b41 ,london ,road1 ,man*e/]4 ,,:eatley1 ,,colonel4 ,,:eel]1 ,,william1 ,george ,r[1 ,york ,road1 ,city ,road1 ,london4 ,,:itak]1 ,,walt]1 ,combe ,d[n1 ,ba?4 ,,:itak]1 ,w4 ,w41 ,cornbrook ,h\se1 ,man*e/]4 ,,wigan ,,public ,,libr>y4 ,,wilk9son ,,son1 #h1 ,old ,bond ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,williams1 ,,mrs41 ,p>cian1 ,anglesey4 ,,wills1 ,,george1 ,p>k ,/reet1 ,bri/ol4 ,,wilson1 ,,samuel1 #g1 ,k+ ,/reet1 ,/4 ,james's ,squ>e4 ,,wolfsohn1 ,,hel5a1 ,dresd54 ,,wood1 ,,alex&]1 ,saltcoats4 ,,wood1 ,,h]b]t ,s41 ,a4,r4,i4,b4,a41 #af1 ,bas+hall ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,wood1 ,t4 ,a41 #fg1 ,b]n]s ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,worce/] ,,public ,,libr>y4 ,,wornum1 ,r4 ,s41 #bf1 ,b$=d ,squ>e1 ,london4 ,,wor?+ton1 ,,h5ry ,h41 ,sale ,old ,hall1 ,man*e/]4 ,,wright1 ,a4 ,o41 #be1 ,l[ ,skellgate1 ,ripon4 ,,wright1 ,e41 #add1 ,w>d\r ,/reet1 ,london4 ,,wylie1 ,s41 ,glasg[4 ,,wyllik ,,sons1 ,d41 ,ab]de54 ,,yorke1 ,,! ,,hon4 ,,mrs4 ,,eliot4 ,,receiv$ ,,too ,,late ,,= ,,classification4 ,,&]son1 ,,mrs4 ,j4 ,h41 ,palewell1 ,ea/ ,%e51 ,s4,w4 ,,be!ll1 ,,william1 ,d]w5t ,bank1 ,malton4 ,,edw>ds1 ,,?omas ,,sons1 ,wolv]hampton4 ,,emslie1 ,a41 ,ro?ay1 ,bord] ,cresc5t1 ,syd5ham4 ,,gos=d1 ,,! ,,rt4 ,,honble4 ,,! ,,c\ntess ,,(4 ,,l>k+1 ,t4 ,j41 #bh1 ,new ,bond ,/reet1 ,w4 ,,mrs4 ,,h>ry ,,pollock4 ,,sidney1 ,t4 ,h41 ,wolv]hampton4 ,illu/ration ,footnotes #a ,goph] is suppos$ to mean cypress wood4 ,see notes on ,woods 7,app5dix74 #b ,see also ,notes on ,woods 7,app5dix74 #c ,fold+ /ool--,faldi/ory or ,fald/ool--a portable seat1 simil> to a camp /ool1 ( wood or metal cov]$ ) silk or o!r mat]ial4 ,x 0 us$ by a ,bi%op :5 (ficiat+ 9 o!r ?an 8 own ca!dral *ur*4 #d ,^? :o w\ld read a v int]e/+ acc\nt ( ! hi/ory ( ?is /one are ref]r$ to ! late ,dean ,/anley's ,hi/orical ,memorials ( ,we/m9/] ,abbey4 #e ,! s\s1 :i* 0 b nom9al money1 may be reckon$ z repres5t+ #bj francs1 ! d5i] #a franc1 b all[ance mu/ be made = ! enorm\s diff]5ce 9 ! value ( silv]1 :i* w\ld make #bj francs 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury repres5t upw>ds ( #bjj francs 9 ! pres5t c5tury4 #f ,! panels ( ! high scre5 or back to ! /alls 9 ,la ,c]tosa di ,pavia 7a ,c>?usian ,mona/]y suppress$ by ,joseph ,,ii471 are fam\s examples ( e>ly int>sia4 ,9 an essay on ! subject writt5 by ,mr4 ,t4,g4 ,jackson1 ,a4,r4,a41 !y are said to be ! "w ( "o ,b>tolommeo1 an ,i/rian arti/1 & to date f #adhf4 ,! same writ] m5tions /ill m elaborate examples ( pictorial int>sia 9 ! *oir /alls ( ,/a4 ,m>ia1 ,maggiore1 9 ,b]gamo4 #g ,writ]s ( au?ority on ar*itecture h notic$ t ! *ief *>act]i/ic 9 /yle ( ! ,fr5* ,r5aissance1 z contra/$ ) ! ,italian1 is t 9 ! latt] ! details & ornam5t ( ! new s*ool 7 impos$ on ! old f\ndations ( ,go?ic "*4 ,! ,*ateau ( ,*ambord is giv5 z an in/ance ( ?is comb9ation4 #h ,dr4 ,jacob von ,falk /ates t ! fir/ m5tion ( glass z an extraord9>y product occurs 9 a regi/] ( #abci4 #i ,holl& ,h\se1 by ,pr9cess ,m>ie ,lie*t5/e91 gives a full acc\nt ( ?is hi/oric mansion4 #aj ,! foll[+ passage occurs 9 "o ( ,beaumont & ,flet*]'s plays3 ,is ! great c\* up1 ! ,duke ( ,m$9a s5t8 to :i* ! du5na replies1 ',tis up & ready2 & !n ,m>gu]ite asks1 ,& day b$s 9 all *amb]s8 receiv+ 9 answ]1 ,9 all1 lady4 #aa ,?is tape/ry is /ill 9 ! ,great ,hall at ,hampton ,c\rt ,palace4 #ab ,,pg ,note ,! orig9al text said gods4 #ac ,! pres5t decorations ( ! ,palace ( ,v]sailles 7 c>ri$ out ab\t #ahcj1 "u ,l\is ,phillipe4 ,v]sailles ,gal]ies ,hi/oriques1 p> ,c4 ,gav>d1 is a "w ( #ac vols41 devot$ to ! illu/ration ( ! pictures1 portraits1 /atues1 bu/s1 & v>i\s decorative cont5ts ( ! ,palace4 #ad ,= description ( me?od ( gild+ ! m\nts ( furniture1 see ,app5dix4 #ae ,= a %ort acc\nt ( ^! ,factories1 see ,app5dix4 #af ,watteau1 #afhd-agba4 ,lancrel1 b4 #afij1 d4 #agdc4 ,b\*]1 b4 #agjc1 d4 #aggj4 #ag ,! ,c\rt room ( ! ,/ation]s' ,hall conta9s an excell5t set ( tables ( ?is k9d4 #ah ,! late ,mr4 ,adam ,black1 s5ior p>tn] 9 ! publi%+ firm ( ,a4 & ,c4 ,black1 & ,"l ,macaulay's colleague 9 ,p>liam5t1 :5 q a "y man1 assi/$ ,%]aton 9 ! production ( ?is book2 at t "t ! fam\s design] ( furniture 0 9 poor circum/ances4 #ai ,! ^w ,b>oque1 :i* became a g5]ic t]m1 0 d]iv$ f ! ,portugese b>roco1 mean+ a l>ge irregul>-%ap$ pe>l4 ,at fir/ a jewell]'s te*nical t]m1 x came lat]1 l rococo1 to be us$ to describe ! k9d ( ornam5t :i* prevail$ 9 design ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 aft] ! disappe>ance ( ! classic4 #bj ,mr4 ,p>k] def9es ,dado z ,! solid block1 or cube1 =m+ ! body ( a p$e/al 9 classical ar*itecture1 betwe5 ! base m\ld+s & ! cornice3 an ar*itectural arrangem5t ( m\ld+s1 etc41 r\nd ! l[] p>ts ( ! wall ( a room1 resembl+ a cont9u\s p$e/al4 #ba ,ow5 ,jones' ,gramm> ( ,ornam5t1 a "w mu* us$ by design]s1 0 publi%$ 9 #ahef4 #bb ,essay by ,mr4 ,edw>d ,s4 ,prior1 ,( ,furniture & ! ,room4 #bc ,publi%$ 9 #ahfh1 :5 ! craze = novelties 0 at its height4 #bd ,essay on ,decorat$ ,furniture1 by ,j4 ,h4 ,poll54